davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-01
RACIAL
Continued From Page AL

Continued From Rage Al
bus terminal by Freedom
Riders. Mayor C. H. Douglas
had strengthened his police
force and vowed an end to
violence.
The Mayor told a news con-
terence yesterday that four
white men aged 20 to 26 were
arrested on charges of fighting
and disturbing the peace in
connection with the incident
and released on $100 bond each.
I'VE want to make it clear"
he said, that the law will be
applied to all persons, white
and colored alike. We are
determined to suppress vio-
lence."
The Mayor said the new In
terstate Commerce Commission
ruling prohibiting segregation
at interstate transportation fa-
cilities would be enforced.
Mayor Notes Influx
Our police department is
capable in normal times of
meeting any local development" +"
he said, "but we now find our
selves in a situation where our
resources are taxed by a sudden
influx of outside, professional
agitatorS. :"
Meanwhile, six Negro Free
dom Riders boarded a bus in
Baton Rouge, La, bound for
Mississippi today in a test of
an Interstate Commerce Com
mission ruling against segre-
gated bus terminal facilities.
Thomas Peete, 81, who said
he was from Shreveport, La,
and Chicago, led the group on
a Greyhound bus destined for
McComb and Jackson, Miss.
Evening star., 1961-12-01
SHELTERS
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
their questions to the survey
announcement. He cut off the
questioning after a half hour
leaving unanswered many queS-
tlonS about possible wartime
and postwar shelter problems.
Mr.. Plttman told every per-
son with a back yard or a
basement and the means to dc
it to 60 ahead and build some
sort of fallout shielding"
+ Asked when the much dis
cuSSed Pentagon pamphlet or
cheap home shelters would be
ready for the public he replied
mo comment"
/ Mr.. Pittman said he was op-
posed to Federal tax benefits
for people building their own
shelters. He said this would
help only the higher income
groups.
. Asked what preparation in
dividualS should make for pro-
lection during a war he said.
Every person should have a
plan for what to do and where
to 60"
He said he did not believe
it should be a Federal respon-
Sibility to regulate the sale of
civil defense materials to the
public.
A symbol that will be used
to mark shelters, Mr.. Pittman
said, will be three yellow tri-
angles inside a black circle
inside a yellow recCangle.
School Use Considered
Civil defense planners re-
portedly are looking to the use
of schools as key refugee
centers in the event Of a nuclear
attack at night. They say
schools are often the only
suitable structures for this
purpose in residential areas.
For this reason, it is believed
the Pentagon's civil defense
office is considering the pos
sibility that the Federal Gov
ernment pay part of the cost
of adapting schools as shelters.
Officials said there is a pop
ular misconception that shell
ters must be underground to
be effective against fallout. On
the contrary, they said, null
tistory buildings provide ex-
cellent protection.
The basic problem, officials
said. is to find enough shelter
space in suburban residential
areas. That's where the
schools come in.
Federal Shelters
An Office of Civil Defense
aide, speaking last night at a
seminar held by the Building
Research Institute in the May
flower Hotel. said the Govern
ment has budgeted SIS million
for shelters in new Federal
buildings during the current
fiscal year.
Paul Visher. technical oper-
ations director for the CD
office, said another $40 million
has been set aside from current
civil defense appropriations for
the modification of Federal
structures built during the past
several years.
Under the program, the Gov
ernment plans to provide radi-
alton refuge space for all
Government employees" by first
modifying recently-built struc-
lures.
Evening star., 1961-12-01
BERLIN
Continued From Page Al


make only A routine count of
the men and vehicles described
in the travel papers handed
them. taking only 20 to 25
minutes.
The United States Army has
been shutting l50-man units
from West Germany to West
Berlin, and from West Berlin
TO West Germany, tor brief
training periods since soon
after the crisis created by the
Communist wall dividing Ber-
lin.
The United States Army says
The rotation is necessary be-
cause West Berlin is too
cramped for extensive maneu-
vers and troops in West Ger
many need experience under
Berlin conditions. But the
traffic is generally considered
a demonstration of United
States determination to main
tain its right on the autobahn.
PrOvocatiOn Charged
In the first Soviet protest
against the traffic, the news
agency Tass spoke of the
provocative character of this
action 1t charged that since
United States troops in West
Germany serve the North At
lantic Treaty Organization,
their maneuverlnS in West Ber-
lin means the inclusion of
West Berlin in the aggressive
military bloc of NATO."
The agency accused Gen. Lu-
cius D. Clay. President Ken
nedy's personal representative
in Berlin, of being the "insti-
gator and organizer of the
military demonstration
Meanwhile, United States
Army headquarters for Europe
announced more movements
will be made. 1t said the 1900
man lst Battle Group. 10Th
Infantry. oath Division will
soon move into Berlin from
West Germany to replace the
1st Battle Group. 18th Infantry,
9th Division.
The 9th Division Battle
Group was sent from West
Germany to strengthen the
United States garrison in West
Berlin after the Communists
"aised their wall through the
city.
Touched Off by Kennedy
There was some suspicion
that the TaSs protest against
the autobahn traffic-after
Evening star., 1961-12-01
Continued From Page Al

Continued From Page Al
the Chinese Nationalist govern
ment as group kept alive
by Sops from the masters table
Of power which guards it from
the wrath of the Chinese people
with its armed forces for the
purposes of aggressive policy"
He told the l03-nation as
sembly that the seating of the
Chinese Communists is neces-
sary for the normalization of
the international situation and
the situation within the United
Nations itself"
Mr.. Zorin blamed the United
States primarily for the con-
tinued presence of the Chinese
nationalists in the United Ma
tionS.
Mr.. Zorin struck out at the
tWo-China theory as an i'm
peralistic invention "persis-
tently put forward by certain
United States circles"
There are no two China's,"
he declared. There is only one,
and it's rightful government is
the government of the peoples
Republic of China"
The United States and other
supporters of the NationalistS
decided to meet RuSsia's de-
mand headon after getting a
cool reception from most other
members for their proposal to
dump the question in the lap
of a U. N. study committee
that would report back to the
next assembly.
TwO-Thirds Majority Needed
A United States spokeman
said instead a resolution was
being placed before the 103-
nation Assembly to declare the
China question an issue of sub
stance" which will have to be
settled by a two-thirds ma
jority.
The text of the draft resolu-
ton, sponsored by Australia,
Colombia, Italy, Japan and the
United States, was made public
shortly before the assembly
went into session this morning.
After noting that a serious
divergence Of views exists
among members concerning the
representation of a founder
member who is named in the
u. NJ charter" the resolution
goes on to say that the question
should be considered in light of
the charter principles and the
circumstances OF each case.
Finally, the resolution states,
the assembly would decide "in
accordance with Article l8 tof
the charter that any proposal
to change the representation of
China is an important question"
requiring a two-thirds vote.
United States delegates be-
lieve the Communists will be
unable to muster two-thirds
vote for Red China, even with
heavy support from the 49,
nation Asian-African group.
The United States spokesman
said he had a fairly reasonable
expectation" that the National
iSt Chinese would still have
their seats at the end of the
Assembly debate.
The China question was
placed on the agenda after the
United States, realizing it no
longer had the voting power
to get the question shelved,
threw its support behind the
demand for debate.
The United States delegation
made clear, however. that it
had not relaxed its determine
ton to bar the Red Chinese on
the ground that they do not
qualify as a peace-loving gov
ernment.
Evening star., 1961-12-01

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St. Sc. SOUTHEAST RAMBLER, INC, 2o33-35
FIordo Ave. NE. WILLIAMS & BAKER, INC,
oRIA RAMBLER. INC. 704 Mt Vernon Ave.
NJ Moore ST. BAILEYS CROSSROADS: cRoSSRoAI
DA: cRANSoN RAMBLER, INC, 4932 Bethesda Ave
& BEAN MOTOR CO., l26 NJ Frederick Ave.
INC, 3OOl Coebrook Dr. LAUREL TRI-t
nat. RAINIER: ORBIT RAMBLER. INC. 43Ol R..
Stafford RAMBLER CITY, 85O7 CoIesvIe Rd
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05
u. 5. Cumerumen
Win Z Awards

THE HAGUE, the Neither
lands, Oct. S (AP).-David C.
Nance of the Charlotte IN. c.
News has won an award in
a world press photography
competition. He was cited in
the photo stories category for
Death in the Pits" He took
third-place honors in his cate
CORY.
An award in the news photo
section went to Warren K. Lef-
fler of U. S. News and World
Report, Washington, for "Po-
litical Thoughts"
Japanese Press Photographer
Yasushn Nagao won the over
all first prize with. a shot of
the stabbing assassination last
october IL of japanese Social
list Leader ASanuma metro.
An International jury Of
seven judged LOO entries from
81 nations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

the white man as Bob Zellener,
%, Of Atlanta. CORE said he is
a field worker for the Student
Nonviolent Co-ordinating Com
mitee.
Police said most of the pupils
we're teen-agers. Those under
l8 were released in their parents
custody. They are to appear in
Juvenile Court.
Police Desk Sergt. j. L. Glover
said everyone Of them (the
demonstrators was carrying
some kind Of sign calling for
equal rights, voting privileges
and the like.
I'VE didn't bother them while
they were on the streets, but
when they congregated on the
steps of the City Hall, blocked
the doors and started making
speeches, we began arresting
them"
Police Chief George Guy said
sheriff's deputies had to whisk
Mr.. Zellener from the scene be-
cause an angry group of white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05
Russia Claims Trace
OF Unknown Animal

MOSCOW, Oct. 5 (AP).-
Pravda published a photograph
yesterday Of what it described
as the gigantic trace Of a sea
animal unknown to science.
The party newspaper said the
picture was taken on an Indian
Ocean bed 9,744 feet below the
surface by the research vessel
Vityaz. 1t did not pinpoint the
location.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05
ia Negro Pupils Held
In ExpuIsions Protest

Demonstrators marched with
signs through the streets of this
Southwest Mississippi town and
made speeches outside the City
Hall.
Police said they booked all
of them on breach of peace
charges.
A hearing date may be set
today.
Twenty -one pupils over 10
and the lone white man were
held overnight, Sheriff Clyde
Summons said.
The Congress of Racial
Equality at Jackson identified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

men were fixing to kill him. !"
The police chief said two or
three white men tried to pull
Mr.. Zellener away and took
punches at him before the Of
ficers got there.
A reporter asked Chief Guy
if officers arrested the white
men attacking the Negro SYM
pathizer.
They left before we could
get to them" he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

McCOMB, Miss, Oct. 5 (AP)
A Civil rights demonstration
on the City Hall steps resulted
in the mass arrest of ia Negro
pupils and one white man.
The group-junior high and
high school pupils-was pro-
testing yesterday the expulsion
from school of four Negroes
arrested earlier in a chain
store Sit-in.
Police said several white men
punched the lone white demon
strator before police rescued
him. He was jailed for his own
protection" police said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05
POLICEMEN FLIP,
ODD MAN IN RAIN
ISSUES TICKET

CHARLESTON, w. Va.
(AP).-You had to see it to
appreciate it.
Three city policemen stood
on a downtown street shell
tering themselves from a
driving rain. One had a
raincoat; the others didn't.
Across the street, a car
pulled to the curb and
parked illegally. Somberly,
the officers looked at each
other. Then each drew a coin
and flipped it.
After a glance at the way
the coin fell, one of them
borrowed his colleagues
raincoat, grudgingly pulled it
on and strobe out into the
rain, writing q ticket.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

Eatin' fresh or cookin' tasty, you get
more lively, luscious flavor with
Virginia apples. At your grocers now
.. cracking good, bursting with tangy
juice. For family pleasing, budget
stretching snacks or meals, buy m-m-m-
mountaineering Virginia apples today.
The Nome nugget., 1961-04-17
U. s. May Beat
 Soviets to Moon . A Costly Policy

WASHINGTON dR The United States may still beat the Soviet Union to the moon - if it's willing to pay for it.
 That's the view of top space official who said Friday that the United States might be able to lob man there in 1867 by spend ing billions on a crash program.
 But the official, Dr. Rober C. Seamans, associate director of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, said reaching that goal would require a change in high national policy.
 Going "all out on absolutely crash basis" he said, would cost billions more than is now con- templated.
 Seamans testified before the House Science and AstronauticS Committee.
 At present, the tentative tar get date for a U. s. moon landing is 1869 or 1870.
 The Soviet Union hasn't hinted at it's plans in the moon race. But it's first space traveller, Maj. Yuri Gagarin, said the trip might be sooner than we think"
 Putting a man on the moon in 1867, Seamans said, would be "a very major undertaking"
The Nome nugget., 1961-04-17
SPORT ODDITY

Hunch players would have been amply rewarded if they played horses Friday with reward in their name.
 Bandit Reward was an $11.80 winner at Keeneland. Prince Re ward was $3020 winner at Lincoln Downs. And Henry's Re- ward came through with $34O and Dainty Reward with $5 at To- ledo RaceWay.
Evening star., 1961-06-30

closure of defense secrets at the
Pentagon. Other informants
said this investigation dealt
with a. reported program of
action for dealing with the
Berlin caisis which was pre-
pared for presidential consider
alton by the Joint Chiefs of
Staff.
Mr.. Kennedy was represented
as feeling the published version
was so accurate as to require
an investigation on the assump-
ton that the story had come
from high quarters in the De-
fense Department.
NATo BuiIdup Proposed
The jos recommendation
proposed the possible reinforce
ment of United States NATO
forces in Western Europe by
at least one division. There
are five American divisions in
Germany at present.
From other sources, it was
learned that the possibility of
dispatching troop reinforce
ments has received most serious
consideration. Some inform
ants said that whether or not
the action is actually taken
presumably would depend on
the further development Of the
Berlin crisis and the views of
United States allies, particu-
larry West Germany, Britain
and France.
1t was not disclosed when
Evening star., 1961-06-30
Ikedu Back Home
After U. S. Visit

TOKYO, June 80 (AP). =
Prime Minister Hayato Tkeda
returned here tonight from a
12-day visit of the United
States and Canada.
He said he had frank ex-
change Of views" with Presi-
dent Kennedy and Prime Min
lister John Difen b aker of
Canada.
Mr.. Ikeda and his wife, Nit
sue. were met at the airport by
a small crowd waving flags and
cheering. About 200 police were
standing by but neither left
wing groups which opposed MFR.
Ikeda's visit or rightists were
at the airport.
Evening star., 1961-06-30

the investigation to NewsweeE
alone would be erroneous.
Mr.. Salinger said the inquiry
had been under way most OF
this week but declined to say
whether it began before OF
after the current issue of News
week came out.
President Appalled,"
The Sum Times story said
Mr.. Kennedy was appalled,
at reading about the Joint
Chiefs Of Staff's contingency
plan for the Berlin crisis in a
national publication before it
reached him in the White
House.
He Immediately directed the
FBI and the military intelli-
gence agencies to find out
how the highly classified in
formation was leaked to the
press.
"The published report on the
Joint Chiefs contingency plan
contained enough accuracy tc
persuade Mr.. Kennedy that il
was wilfully disclosed by a
high official in the Pentagon.
"ShOw Of Strength"
Newsweek said the joint
Chiefs of Staff would present
to Mr.. Kennedy this week a
plan for action In the Berlin
situation. calling for q "show
of strength" in an attempt to
convince Russia that the
United States does not intend
to retreat from Berlin.
Newsweek reported the United
States is prepared to back It's
commitments to West Berlin
"even at the risk Of q nuclear
war"
The Sum Zines said: 1.-THE
Presidents main purpose (foI
the investigation) was to pre-
vent any further disclosure OF
military secrets to the Rus
slams during the precarious
months preceding the expected
Evening star., 1961-06-30

planning - secrets presumably
known only to relatively high
echelons in the Defense De-
partment.
Mr.. Salinger had announced
last night that an FBI inveSti-
cation Of the leaking of secrets
at the Pentagon was under way,
but had declined at that time
TO say what set off the inquiry
However, the Chicago SUM-
Times, in a dispatch from
washington, said President
Kennedy ordered the FBI and
military intelligence agencies
to find out howa national pub
|lication got secret information
on military plans for Berlin.
Berlin Plans Involved
Today, in response to ques-
tions which had reference to
the Sun-Times story, Mr.. Sal
niger told newsmen the inquiry
did concern Berlin planning.
AS to whether Mr.. Kennedy
himself had ordered the inves-
tigation, Mr.. Salinger said "a
number of people were in
volved in launching it.
1T was ordered following
the receipt of information that
this secret information had
gotten away from the Penta-
gon," Mr.. Salinger said.
He said the object of the in
vestigation is to determine who
impaired the secret informa-
ton.
What will happen when he
is detected will be UP to the
Juctice Department" Mr.. Sal
niger added.
Probe Called Wide
Asked whether criminal ac-
tion could be taken against
parties who received and used
the information, Mr.. Salinger
said the inquiry 'is aimed at
the entire circumstances re-
lating to the passage of this
information"
Mr.. Salinger said, ut would
be inaccurate to say the inves-
tigation is aimed at any one
publication or any one re-
porter"
He made his comment when
a newsman pointed out that
there had been speculation the
probe was directed toward an
article in Newsweek magazine
concerning mobilization plans
to meet the threat to Berlin.
Mr.. Salinger said that pegging
Evening star., 1961-06-30

final decisions on Berlin may
be made and actions initiated.
In his prediction, that a num-
ber Of steps will be taken
aimed at the avoidance Of a
"miscalculation," Mr.. Rusk did
not make any reference to mill
tary measures. He said there
would be points of clarifica-
ton, Of purpose and procedure
and ISSUE"
But the range Of possible
steps under consideration by
Mr.. Kennedy and his chief ad-
visers, including Mr.. Rusk and
Secretary of Defense McNa-
mara, is known to include mill
tary measures.
The United States is under
stood to have been urging its
NATO allies to increase their
own military strength in Eu-
rope so that if a showdown
with Russia develops and a
conflict threatens it may be
dealt with, at least at the very
outset, by non-nuclear means
Cheered by French Move
Kennedy administration Of
ficals were cheered by the re-
cent decision of French Presi-
dent Charles de Gaulle to shift
a division of French troops
from Algeria back to France.
The United States itself has
five divisions in Europe out of
its total Of IA now in active
service. Altogether, the United
States troop strength in Europe
totals 250,000 men, but this
includes a large number of
service and supply troops.
Mr.. Khrushchev has pro-
posed to make West Berlin
what he calls a free city
with the withdrawal of United
States, British and French
forces and the establishment
of some kind of international
guarantee. The Western powers
lave rejected this proposal re-
Evening star., 1961-06-30

peatedly on the ground 1t
would lead to domination of
West Berlin by Communist
East Germany.
In recent weeks Mr.. Khu-
shchev has threatened to sign
a peace treaty with East Ger
many by the end Of this year.
He claims this would wipe out
the rights of the Western
powers with respect to Berlin,
including access to the city
across East German territory
Evening star., 1961-06-30
DIARY SUPPLIES
TIP OF BURGLARY

LONDON (AP). Mrs.
Janet Winn opened her
diary, yesterday and found
sthis entry for the day, put
in by someone else: House
burgled 5 am"
She looked around, found
the burglar had stolen "A
pounds ($67:20l while she
slept.
Evening star., 1961-06-30

but might also serve to con-
vince Soviet Premier Khru-
shchev that President Kennedy
is determined to protect the
Western position in West
Berlin.
Secretary Of State Rusk de-
clared in a television interview
last night that it is important
to make clear to the Soviet
leadership that the United
States and its allies will stand
firm on their Berlin rights. At
the same time, Mr.. Rusk
sounded a parallel peaceful
theme, saying there will be
Berlin discussions between the
West and Russia and pledging
that the United States will ex-
plore every possibility for "a
tolerable peace"
PentagOn Leak Probed
Mr.. Kennedy met with the
National Security Council for
two hours and 40 minutes yes
terday on the Berlin crisis. He
and his chief military and dip
lomatic advisers discusse d
measures for dealing with the
Soviet threat to Berlin. The
meeting was held in complete
secrecy and the White House
would not even disclose the
participants.
Last night, Press Secretary
Pierre Salinger said that the
Federal Bureau of Investiga-
ton is investigating the dis