davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-25

carriers or the State of Flor
ida?
James ]. Matthews
I was born in 1888 and I
grew up with the antics of
Mrs. Roosevelt, including her
visits to coal mines, sweat
shops, and prisons, etc. Her
latest outburst has turned
back the clock for me.
The textbooks say that So
cialism is government owner
ship by evolution, while COM
munism achieves those same
means by revolution. In
either case, the end result is
the same. I believe Mrs.
Roosevelt, Walter Reuther,
Milton Eisenhower and any
one else Il can just imagine
who it will be- who volun-
teers money and serious con-
sideration to any agent of
Moscow to aid in the ami
hilation of individualism
which communism seeks,
should be investigated by the
Un-American Activities Com
mittee.
Florence King.
4 4 u
In reporting Mr.. Castro's
latest blackmail attempt,
news-writers and radio COM
mentators are using the
words "bulldozers" and "trac-
tors" as if they had the same
meaning.
Giving him tractors for
farm work seems safe enough.
However, giving him bull
Evening star., 1961-05-25

It is about time that we
set the record straight on
what happened in Alabama
in regard to certain persons
calling themselves the Free
dom Riders"
Notwithstanding persistent
attempts to cloud the issue by
the liberal" press, these rab-
ble-rouSerS came into Ala
bama, not as peaceful inter-
state bus passengers, but with
the avowed intention Of vio-
lating perfectly valid laws re-
lating to segregation and in
citing to riot. When they at
tempted to carry out their
self-admitted purpose, Ala
bama authorities dealt with
them as would have the law
enforcement officers of any
Jurisdiction in the land. Now
we are told by the Justice De-
partment that Federal inter-
vention is necessary under a
statute covering, of all things,
the suppression Of rebellion
and insurrectlon."
There are plenty of lint
headed liberals" who con-
tend that all laws requiring
racial segregation are in vio-
lation Of the Constitution.
But does anybody, including
the widest proponents of
race-mixing, seriously believe
that Indictment to riot is a
guarantee d constitutional
right? Who. among the sup
porterS of Federal interven-
ton, is willing 10 argue the
thesis that Alabama was or
is in a state of rebellion
and/or inSurrection?
1t is too bad that some of
the aggresSivepesS, which
Bobby Kennedy is so willing
to unleash on his fellow
Americans in Alabama, can
not be directed against the
Communist leaders in Laos
and Cuba where 1t is sorely
needed.
James A. Mitchell.
What is a rabble-rouSer?
If the Negroes were salts
fled to remain under the
dominance of debating
whites, accepting the depriva-
tions and inconvenience re-
sulting therefrom, there
would be no reason for racial
violence. But, when they
choose to accept the freedom
Uncle Sam has given them,
they arouse the rabble. Thus,
the Governor of Alabama
calls them rabble-rousersl
By the same reasoning, a
victim Of robbery is a mur-
derer when he resists the
thief, and is thereby shot!
Catherine Gould.
These integrationists now
riding buses in Alabama are
selfish people. For their own
personal idea of glory, or
perhaps financial return, they
are creating a situation
wherein the local Negro must
Evening star., 1961-05-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
GuotemoIo's Infant Death Rate Hioh
By THOMAS R. HENRY

The little Central Ameri-
can Republic Of Guatemala,
with a population of about
100000. has a death total
among children from / to 4
years old absolutely-not
relatively about equivalent
each year to the United
States with a population ex-
ceeding 100 million.
The death rate among
newborn infants Is only
from two to four times, rela-
lively. as great as in this
country. The great danger
comes during the earliest
years Of life.
The outstanding difference
was revealed to a National
Academy of Sciences SYM
postum on world food prob
lens by DR.. Nevin s. Scrim-
shaw. director of the
Institute of Nutrition of
Central America and
Panama. Conditions are
about the same through the
Central American area.
Various Causes
The high infant death
rate, he pointed out, can be
aScribed to poor sanitary
conditions and various other
causes. The very much
higher rate among small
children, however, can be
attributed to inadequate
diets, chiefly in protein-con-
tanning foods. The condition,
DR.. Scrimshaw told the
Academy, is due primarily to
a condition very similar to
the lately studied African
food deficiency disease
kwashiorkor, which not only
kills by itself in time but
leaves a victim an easy sub
ject to all sorts Of fatal in
fections.
1t appears as soon as a
child begins to feed itself
and may continue through
out life. In the past. DR..
Scrimshaw pointed out, the
world has had a more or less
distorted picture of this con-
dition over considerable
areas of Latin America.
Guatemala" he said, "can
be taken as representative
of technically undeveloped
areas. It is a country with
one of the highest mortality
rates for children to 4
years of age in the world.
Yet there is nothing in Of
ficial vital statistics to indi-
cate that malnutrition is an
important causative factor.
Locally, however. it is rec
ognized that kwashiorkor is
a major cause of hospital
admissions and deaths.
"Our organization under
took to investigate the causes
of each child death in four
predominantly Indian vii
lagos. We found that 40 per
Evening star., 1961-05-25
THE POLITICAL MILL
Miller LEADING for G. G.O.P. Chairman
By GOULD LINCOLN

The Republicans are kick
ing off their c a m p aig n for
the congressional elections Of
1862 at q dinner in honor Of
the G. o. P. members Of
Congress at the National
Guard Armory here June l.
The only scheduled speaker
will be former President
Dwight D. Eisenhower. Pre-
siding at the dinner will be
former Postmaster General
Arthur E. Summerfield, who
is confident the outpouring
of Republican leaders from
many parts Of the country,
and of rank-and-file mem
bers Of the party, will fill the
huge armory to its capacity
of 5000. If it does (each per-
son attending will contribute
5000, the campaign fund
will receive a real shot in the
arm.
The dinner is timed to coin
eide with a meeting Of the
Republican National Com
mittee, called for the election
Of a new national chairman
to replace Senator ThruSton
Morton of Kentucky. Sena-
tor Morton is retiring in or
der to devote his time to his
Senate duties and to his own
campai gn for reelection
next year. The two names
most often used in connec-
ton with the national chair
manShip of the Republican
committee are those of Rep
reSentative William E. Miller
Of New York and Ray Bliss,
Republican State chairman
Of Ohio. There has been some
talk, too, Of Mr.. Summerfield,
who halls from Michigan and
was chairman Of the Re-
publican National Committee
during Gen. Eisenhower's
first presidential campaign
in 1852. Close friends, how
ever, say Mr.. Summerfield is
not in any sense a candidate
and would prefer not to take
on the job.
Miller Choice Seen
Strong belief prevails that
Mr.. Miller, who has been
chairman Of the Republican
Congressional Committee of
the House, is to be the choice
Of the national committee
members. He is energetic, an
excellent speaker, and as
chairman Of the congressional
committee led the way to a
net gain Of % House seats
for the G. o. P. in the 1860
campaign. His selection for
national chairman, it is said,
has the approval Of former
Vice President Richard M
Nixon and Senator Barry
Goldwater Of Arizona. A Mil
Ter election will certainly
not be opposed by Gov. Mel
son A. Rockefeller Of New
York, despite the fact that
Mr.. Miller, as a delegate to
the 1860 Republican National
Convention. both before and
during the convention, sup
ported Mr.. Nixon for the
presidential nomination. A
national chairman is sup
posed not to play favorites
for a presidential nomination
although it has happened.
Supporters Of Gov. Rookie
feller for the presidency in
1864 feel that If the Cover
nor wins reelection in the
Evening star., 1961-05-25

Empire State next year by a
good vote he will not have to
worry about who is national
chairman; that he will oc-
cupy a commanding position
when the G. o. P. meets in
national convention three
years hence.
Led Ohio Campaign
Mr.. Bliss conducted a re-
markably able campaign as
State chairman in 1860, when
Ohio went for Mr.. Nixon over
President Kennedy by a very
comfortable margin, although
the Democrats had been con-
fident they would win there.
The Ohio State chairman is
widely known among Repub-
licans in the Midwest and
West and has many friends
in the national committee. In
the past Mr.. Bliss has been
frequently mentioned-and
desired-for national chair
man, but he has been unwill-
ing to have the office. The
Republicans wish very much
to have the talents and abil-
ity of both Mr.. Miller and
Mr.. Bliss in the coming Off
year campaign for Congress
and for the election Of more
Republican State Governors.
Mr.. Miller is At years old,
born in Lockport, N. Y. He has
been a successful lawyer,
served in the Army during
World War II, and later was
an assistant prosecutor Of
war criminals at the Nuern-
berg trials under the late As
sociate Justice Of the Su-
preme Court Robert A. Jack
son. For the last 10 years he
has been a member Of the
House of Representatives.
Republicans have taken
heart recently at prospects for
success in the 1862 congress
sional races. They have seen
their candidates running more
strongly in the several by
elections called to fill va
cancies in the present Con-
gress. For example, Mrs.
Louise Goff Reece, widow Of
Representative Carroll Reece,
won by a wide margin over
two opponents the seat her
husband had held for "a
years, representing the 1st
district Of Tennessee. And
former Representative Kun
kel won election in PennSyl-
vania's 18th, district by a
nearly 2 to l vote over his
Democratic opponent, Mrs.
Kathryn 2. Vanderslice. These
are both Republican dis
tricts. They lost by 1000
votes the I'd Arizona district
in a special election to fill a
vacancy caused by the res
lgnation Of Stewart L. Udall
to become Secretary Of the
Interior in the Kennedy
cabinet. Mr.. Udall had won
reelection In this district
last November by 10000
votes.
The Republicans are look
ing hopefully, but with their
fingers crossed, to the elec-
ton for United States Sena-
tor. which is being held in
Texas Saturday, where John
Tower. Republican, is oppos-
ing Senator Blakley, Demo-
crat.
Evening star., 1961-05-25

cent Of those to 4 years
old died with edema, skin
LESSONS, hair changes, apathy
and the other signs Of acute
kwaShiorkor. Equally signifi-
cant was the fact that, Of the
remainder, nearly all died in
the course Of relatively brief
episodes Of either diarrhea
Of infectious origin or COM
plications of common child
hood Infections, none of
which would be fatal to any
significant number of we'll
nourished children.
Better Diet Would Help
"The conclusion is ines
capable that, even If it was
impossible to take other
health measures, improved
nutrition alone not only
would eliminate the nearly
40 per cent Of deaths caused
by kwashiorkor only, but also
greatly decrease the number
of deaths apparently due
primarily to infection"
In Guatemalan vital sta
tiStics, the report points out,
no deaths actually are at
tributed to kwashiorkor be-
cause the malady there fol-
lows a somewhat different
clinical course than in the
Old World and is not recog-
nized as the same thing.
Not only is poor protein
dietary content responsible
for many deaths, DR.. Scrim-
shaw stressed, but there Is
increasing evidence that the
deficiencies that bring about
retardation in physical
growth are associated in some
way with retarded intellec-
tual development. This has
been demonstrated especially
in Mexico. where a direct
correlation has been found
between weight deficiencies
due to poor diets and in
telligence test scores.
Evening star., 1961-05-25

suffer because Of outsiders
interference in his affairs.
Since this agitation by out
siders, Negroes who were re-
spected for their integrity,
friends of whites and in some
cases. playmates Of white
children, are now looked
upon with diStrust and dis
like. These outsiders, en-
couraged by an ambitious
Attorney General with little
understanding Of Southern
conditions and goaded by a
political organization, the
NAACP, have retarded Negro
progress in the South for
years. OF course, the NAACP
will enroll more members be-
cause of misguided sympathy
for these trouble makers. But
the local Alabama Negro,
after the smoke has cleared
away. will be just about
where he was before, mis-
trusted and without white
friends.
WaShingtOnian.
I believe the following con-
clusionS may be drawn from
the recent integration Incl
dents in Alabama:
We can never successfully
defend the American ideal
that all men are crea tie d
equal until we can demon
strate that the ideal can &C
tualiy be put into practice.
We can never put this ideal
into practice unless all Amer
leans sincerely believe in it.
A small but powerful segment
of Americans living in the
deep South" do not believe
in this ideal. This ideal was
formulated by educated men
and a rather high standard
of education is needed before
its truth Is graSped. The
South is neither able nor
willing to provide this edu-
cation.
Therefore, the ultimate So
luton to the problem Of
equal rights is neither vio-
lence nor litigation, but edu-
cation, an education of such
high standards that the
South could only achieve it
with the help of the Federal
Government.
If, then, the Congressman
from the States Of the deep
South actually have both the
best interests of the country
and of their constituents in
mind, they cannot help but
support any legislation that
would improve the educa-
tional standards of the South
and raise them to the level
of the rest Of the Nation.
Michael Fitzgerald.
4 = -
The frightful rioting in
Alabama and the callousness
Of that States Governor and
law enforcement officers in
not only permitting 1t but
defying this Governments
determined efforts to let
Americans be free to travel
as they will is sort of-just
Evening star., 1961-05-25

@. What country was the
first to sponsor research in
space flight?-G. Y.
A.. Serious and substantial
government-sponsoredrocket-
research programs were es-
tablished in Germany about
1880. in the Soviet Union in
or before 1884, and in the
United States in 1912. Rus
sian activity in the techno-
logical field Of space flight
began with the work Of Mes
cherskii and Tsiolkovskii near
the end of the 10Th century.
Tsiolkovskii is generally rec
ognized as the father Of
astronautics."
Evening star., 1961-05-25
Answers to Questions

BY THE HASkINS SERVICE
A reader can get an answer, by
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 635 F street NV. Washington
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed. stamped
envelope
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
SayKennedy...
(Continned from PAGE Or

Continued from Page One)
package of six proposals, including
enc designed to accelerate the end
of racial segregation in public
schools.
Kennedy, while a candidate for
the presidency last September, des-
ignated Clark and Celler as a COM
mittee of two to put into legisla-
tive form civil rights planks in
the Democratic platform. They said
the six measures introduced repre-
scented the fruits of their work.
Salinger said Kennedy had made
clear that "he does not consider it
necessary at this time to enact
new civil rights legislation"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
State Negro
Arrested For
n. Y. Robbery

Vaughn, Miss, May 15.-ames
Berry, 24-year-old Negro, was ar
rested here Wednesday by FBl
agents on federal complaint
charging him with the armed rob-
berry of New York savings and
loan company.
w. Wade Bromwell, special agen
in charge of the New Orleans blu
reau, said Berry was traced by tn
FBI from New York City to Wash
ington, d. c., and then to Missis
sippi.
Cromwell said the complain
charged Berry with the robber.
of the Allied Federal Savings ant
Loan. The company was robbed
by two Negro males of over $4,000
with the employees being held a
bay with a sawed-off shotgun.
FBI agents found a rifle, shot.
gun and a revolver in the house
Berry was living.
He will be brought before the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
African Nations...
tinued from Page One

Continued from Page One)
Grafton toward achieving African
unity;
Establishment of special machin-
cry for the reconciliation of dis
putes between African states.
United Nations and disarma-
ment;
Other business. The conference
spokesman said this was likely to
include a decision to hold a SIM
liar pan-African conference in La
gos, Nigeria.
Casablanca Charter
Meanwhile from Cairo, the As
ISOLATED Press reported that chiefs
of staff of the Casablanca Charter
Allies will hold the first meeting
of their joint African high COM
mand July Is in Cairo, according
to President Nasser's political adj
wiser, Mahamoud Rad. On the
same date, Mr.. Rad added, an
economic committee will meet in
Conakry, Guina.)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20

ShlSnbO.--C dI iIlcTo Will SuD-
stantially increase their individual
purchase of machinery and other
labor-saving equipment in the next
ten years, according to the Farm
Equipment Institute, Chicago.
The INFLAMMATION trend will be
particularly strong among those
operators Of farms with gross in
comes of $4,000 or more. Such
farms presently constitute 21.5 per
cent of the United States total, the
Institute said. In 1854 only IL per
cent of American farms were in
that category, it was noted.
Figures showing the rapid mech
anization of American farms and
the advantages of such mechanical
ton to farmers are among the sta
tistics incorporated in new facts
booklet published by FEI, which
states that "the business commun-
ity making up the supply side of
agribusiness, with its forward
looking research and its ability to
design new machines to fit new
and better farming practices, will
enjoy a growth trend to match the
increasing productivity of the COM
mercial farm in the decade ahead"
FEI's figures show that the in
dustry which manufactures farm
equipment produces about $1A bill
lion worth of machinery a year.
Tractors, alone, account for almost
$70O million in annual sales vol
ume.
When retail sales Of new and
used farm equipment, plus parts
and service business, are consid-
cred, farmers are purchasing APP
proximately $3.1 billion worth of
equipment, other products and ser
vices from farm equipment deal
ers annually, FEI says. There are
estimated to be 5000 dealers of
farm equipment in the U. S., serv-
ing the nations 81 million farm
ers.
On farms with incomes of $40, 900
and over the present investment
per worker is about $35, 900, and
it is reasonable to expect that this
investment per worker will reach
S65, 900 or more in the next decade,
according to c. L. Dickinson, d.
rector of research for the FEI and
editor of the facts booklet.
Of ten selected kinds of equip
ment in common use on farms, all
but one showed substantial in
creases in the numbers on farms
in the five years between the ag-
ricultural censuses of 1854 and
1869. The population of combines
increased per cent; pickup balers
81 per cent; forage harvesters AZ
per cent; corn pickers Is per cent;
wheel-type tractors z per cent;
track-laying tractors "a per cent;
and garden tractors 80 per cent.
The number of commercial farms
in the period declined II per cent.
The farmer in the United States
spends approximately 80 per cent
of his gross cash income for ma
chinery. In Canada approximate
" 10 per cent of income is invested
in machinery, the FEI notes.
Prices indexes, published by the
u. S. Department of Labor and in
corporated in the FEIs Facts Book,
show farm equipment wholesale
prices to be as per cent over the
1947-1949 base period, while COM
ponents going into such equipment
generally have shown larger rise.
Raw iron and steel has increased
7O.1 per cent; finished steel mill
products, 86.5 per cent; tires and
tubes, 1913 per cent; and metal
products, 53.8 per cent. Hourly
earnings of production workers in
the farm equipment industry have
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20

Porter is married and has five
children. Three daughters and q
son attend Shawnee High School
and another daughter attends Fos-
ter Elementary School.
A native of Louisville, Porter
was graduated from Central High
School and attended Indiana Uni
versity and the Kentucky School
of Embalming. He is a member Of
the board of the Chestnut Street
church.
He is a Navy veteran of World
War II, trustee of Broadway
Temple A. M. E. Zion Church,
former president of the Epicurean
Club, and member of the Pride of
Falkland Masonic Lodge and Kap-
pa Alpha Psi social fraternity.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
| Utica Junior
High Names
|vaIedictorian

Valedictorian of the Utica Jun.
ior College High School Class Ia
Brenda Prater, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Edward Prater of Woodville
Miss.
The second highest honor. Sal.
vtatorian, of the high school class
goes to Miss Bobhie Moffett
daughter of Principal and Mrs
Fred Moffett of Edwards. Mics,
The highest honor of the Junie,
College Sophomore Class geep "a
Miss Katherine Boyd, daughter II
Mr.. and Mrs. John Boyd Of Utica
Miss. Second highest homer of the
Junior College Glass goes 10 Miss
Shirley Ruth Robinson daushte,
of Mrs. Carmack from Bolton. Miss
Both Katherine Boyd and Shirley
Robinson are graduates Of the
Utica Junior High School,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
Member Five...
(Continued from Page One

Continued from rage One)
terias which have been under fire
by Negroes seeking to end color
bars in downtown eating places.
Porter, AZ, succeeds Scott Det-
rick, who vacated the office and
his board seat April 5 when he
filed for the Democratic nomina-
ton for sheriff.
There was no opposition to Por-
ter, vice-chairman since January.
Johnson was elected vice-chair-
man to succeed Porter. He, too
was unopposed.
Porter is partner and general
manager of the A. D. Porter &
Sons Funeral Home.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20
Trend To Farm determination
Should Increase In Next Ten Years

risen 1873 per cent in the period,
the FEI states.
Copies of the Farm Equipment
Institute Facts Booklet may be
purchased from FEI offices, 608 S.
Dearborn ST., Chicago S, for $3.50
each.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-05-20

United States Commissioner liar
ron Ricketts, on May IL.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1961-12-23
Quit Your Worrying

CONTINUED from Back Pagel
PERFECT CREATOR. CREATION. OFFSPRING.
UNIVERSE l:26 MAN - YOUR TRUE BEING
BORN NOT OF WOMAN UNcLEAN Job) -
BUT. NEVER BORN. ETERNAL - THE IMAGE or
YOUR "FATHER-MoTHER GOD, ALL-HARMoNL
OUS"
w. 3l land GOD SAW EVERY THING THAT HE
1.-THE ONE REAL PARENT CREATOR - HONoRED
BY THE CHl-L-D-LE-S-S CHRIST JESUS" y HAD
MADE. AND, BEHOLD, IT WAS [-LS-l VERY GOOD"
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1961-12-23
my. Trib 12-l2-6N
JOACHIM llPscHlTz DIES: HEAD Or
w. BERLIN POLICE"

Berlin - Joachim lipsehz, AZ, civilian head Of ihs
West Berlin police. died shortly after he stricken
with HEART ATTACK during meeting of the West
Berlin Senate close associate of Mayor Willy
Brandt During World War he dismissed from the
German Army, partially because Of wounds and partially
because discovered that of his parents Jew
ish lost his right fighting in the Russian
pagn.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1961-12-23

However another Of stomach cancer was Propesed
70 explain deaths from that disease in shs wssmsn ssnos
q sssssnd The slsUs have psbIe wssr svPp s> no
srsssisn wsls and The inhabitants soresd TO esx s"
water that falls sooy house roofs into ssrre's
This is the likely Of the high 'ne'dsnes o.
stomach in she Wessmsn Islands, Or Dvnss' ssu'
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1961-12-23
-. IA. TRENARY, So, TRUSTEE
OF U. S. TRUST co., IS DEAD"

Greenwich Hospital very active in sailing circles
awarded The Silver Keystone by the Boys Clubs OF
America in recognition Of his outstanding service 70 the
boys Attended Colgate v. and graduate Of New York Law
School. -"