davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-06-10

other party bosses in order
to keep the Democrats in
control of the city govern
ment. The leaders Of the
Liberal Party probably will
play along with the Demo-
Gratis if they can get con-
cessions on candidates for
city offices. The Liberals
could hold the balance of
power. The likelihood is they
will get what they want-to
some degree, at least.
Mayor Wagner has not yet
announced himself a candi-
date for a third term, but
those supposedly in the know
insist he will make the race.
There has been talk in the
past that he will be offered
and will accept a Federal post
in the Kennedy administra-
ton, but nothing has been
done about it.
Democrats Divided
The Democrats in New
York have been sorely di-
vided since the gubernatorial
election of 1858, when Rookie
feller won over the then Gov.
Averell Hartman by about
half a = million votes. The
Lehman, Roosevelt, Finletter
group has been seeking the
scalp of Mr.. De Sapio. The
factions united in 1860, how
ever, in support of President
Kennedy against Republican
Richard M. Nixon, making it
possible to carry the State by
100000 votes. Since that time,
the fight for control and for
getting rid of both Mr.. De
Sapio and Democratic State
Chairman Prendergast has
been waged bitterly - and
finally Mayor Wagner, him
self, entered the lists against
them. 1t is noticeable, how
ever, that in prospect of the
coming mayorality election,
the attacks on the organiza-
ton leaders have slackened
until the fight for city con-
troll is over next November.
So bitter has been the row
in Democratic ranks, how
ever, that even the Kennedy
administration has sought to
bring peace-on the side, it
appeared, of the reform
group. 1t has not been able
to shake Mr.. Prendergast
loose from his State Chair
manShip.
Mr.. PrendergaSt, it is said,
incurred the anger of the
Kennedys when Mr.. Kennedy
was making a bid for the
preSi d e n tt a ! nomination.
Strenuous efforts were being
made to get the New York
leaders to come out early for
a Kennedy nomination. At a
meeting with President Ken
nedy's father, Joseph P. Ken
nedy, Mr.. Prendergast, while
not opposing a Kennedy
! nomination, was unwilling to
60 along with the early and
complete Endorsement. This
is said to be at the bottom
of the effort to throw out the
State chairman on the part
of the Kennedys.
If the Republicans, by any
chance, could win the may
orally race in New York City,
Gov. Rockefeller would be in
an even stronger position for
reelection than he is today.
A Rockefeller re election
would be distressing to the
Kennedys-for he might be a
tough contender for the
Presidency in 1864.
Evening star., 1961-06-10
Big Brother

1t is most encouraging to
read your editorial pointing
out that America is not far
off from big Brother" if
Attorney General Kennedy
is allowed to decree with sup
port from the Federal courts
that localities must provide
public education on some
pretext or other. This is in
essence the fear I voiced
without success before the
Perrow Commission in Rich
mond and before the Senate
Of Virginia when hearings
were held in 1859.
For this reason, I advised
that no schools should be
closed at. the administrative
level where they are directly
accessible to court promulga-
tions but at the legislative
level in the form of failure
to levy or collect taxes for
support of public education.
In this way courts would be
placed in the untenable posi-
tion of directing the county
and State legislative bodies
to do what they have a clear
discretion to do or not to do
as suits their legislative wis
dom and power as defined by
the separation of powers doc
trine.
Inequities and absurdities
in a land where the power of
those governing was sup
posed to proceed from the
consent Of the governed, are
relegated to unimportance by
court decisions which would
place the Federal Govern
ment in direct control Of
local education. This could do
a great deal more than de-
stroy the power of local au-
thority.
Owen Allen Keen,
Evening star., 1961-06-10
Christions and Reds

Constantine Brown (June
81 perpetuates some common
misconceptions which ought
not pass unchallenged.
He implies that Christian
ity and communism are in
compatible. This notion can
be diSpelled simply by citing
the many communal settle
ments which were established
by Christians in this country
around the turn of the cen
tury. Most of these had short
lives, but their demise was
for reasons other than the
fact that they were both
Christian and Communist.
Another factual error is
that Marxism, popularity in
cluded in the correctly eco
nomic term communism" is
atheistic. 1t is Christian
and non-supernatural, true,
but to claim that it is nom
religious is to ignore the fact
that MarXiSm has many fea-
lures in common with the
traditional religions. 1t has
sacred books and dogmas. it
is intolerant Of its critics. it
has missionaries who are
sent to non-Marxist regions
in order to convert" the
natives, it says of itself, II
am the Light and the Way"
and, like Christianity, 1t will
not rest until the entire
world becomes its chattel.
Nor is it true, as Mr..
Brown would have us believe.
that Marxism is "the most
serious crisis since the bar
barian invasion which de-
stroyed the Roman empire"
It would be well, first Of all,
to recall that neither Chris
tianity nor any particular
religion is prerequisite to
civilization. Civilization
flourished under half a dozen
different religions before
Christianity evolved, an d
under Islam before Christi
anity became sufficiently
secular to tolerate civiliza-
ton. Although MarxiSm has
its moments of unreaSon
just like any other religion,
it is highly unlikely that
civilization would fare any
less we'll under Marxism than
it has under other faiths.
OF much more concern and
more imminently injurious
to the civilized world than
Marxism and the Communist
bloc are dangers such as
that the mutual intolerance
of Christian and of Marxist
bigots will lead them into a
nuclear war destructive of
neutralS and com b a nts
alike, or that the alb
dication of white RESPONSE
bility by the democratic ma
tionS will by default leave
civilization in the hands of
a race incapable of sustain
ing it, or that continued in
creases in world population
will reduce all human effort
to a struggle for bare sub
Sistence thereby precluding
the possession of the leisure
time and leisure wealth with
out which civilization cannot
exist. James Hedges.
Evening star., 1961-06-10

Radio sets now are being
installed in artillery shells
to record and transmit what
happens inside a gun tube
in the 50th of a second when
a shell is passing through it.
This is the work of physi-
ciSts at the Army Ordnance
Corps Ballistic Research
Laboratory who are especially
interested in the rapid build
up Of pressures inside a gun.
Weighing IL ounces and
about the size and shape of
an ink bottle, the radio con-
SiStS of miniaturized coils,
condensers, tranSiStors and
batteries tied together with
fine copper wire embedded in
a sturdy plastic moulding.
Microwave signals are sent
out from a transmitter-re-
ceiver placed near the gun
through an antenna bean ed
at the guns tube. The sig
nal travels down the gun
barrel striking the minute
antenna on the nose of the
shell which relays the signal
to the shells radio. This
then retransmits to signal
back to the transmitter-re-
ceiver after modification by
a pressure gauge inside the
projectile.
Push-ButtOn Operation
The signal is received at
a nearby control room and
fed to a bank of oscillo-
scopes. The light beams ap-
pearing on the face of the
scopes are photographed in
complete darkness by ultra
high-speed cameras. The
whole operation-firing the
gun, turning off the lights
in the control room and
starting the cameras and os-
telescopes - is accomplished
simultaneously by the push
ing of one button.
Before the adoption Of this
system, according to an Ord
nance Corps report, time cen
Suming and expensive modi-
fications had to be made to
the gun itself to secure such
measurements, which are eS-
sential in designing new ar
tillery weapons.
y II 4
A new world standard of
length has been developed
at the United States Bureau
of Standards.
BY means of it, it is
claimed. measurements five
to 10 times more accurate
than have been possible in the
past can be made. 1t is the
wave-length of invisible ul-
tra-violet light emitted by
the element mercury when
made luminous.
Evening star., 1961-06-10
Suggestion

Mrs. Cyrus Eaton has in
formed us that sometime
during this month a group
of women Of Bulgarian, Hun
garian and Polish origin, and
other women living in the
United States, will meet at
her farm to discuss various
problems. Mrs. Eaton has
stated that they will ask the
Senate Foreign Relations
Committee to discontinue
Voice of America broadcasts.
I suggest that this meeting
be called the Hogwash Con-
ference.
Evening star., 1961-06-10

Mogul association and ties
with its citizens in the north
west frontier. Although all
Pathans are entitled to the
name Afghan wherever they
live, just as Highlanders are
all Scots, all Afghans are not
entitled to be known as
Pathans any more than all
Scots can claim to be GaelS.
GaelS.
S. M. Haq.
Press Attache, Embassy Of
Pakistan.
Evening star., 1961-06-10
Two Shoulders Would Be Better Than One
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry tortters' correct
names and addresses. Al let
tiers are subject to condensG-
tion. Those not used tOin be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-06-10
THE POLITICAL MILL
New York,s Race for Mayor
BY GOULD LINCOLN

This has been a year, so
far, of political surprises. The
election of a Republican Sen
ator from Texas (the first
since Reconstruction Days,
when there was no popular
vote for Senator) was little
short Of a political miracle,
no matter what explanations
the Democrats make - and
they have made plenty. The
g. o. P. is now wondering
whether they can perform
another miracle - elect a
mayor of New York City.
What chance they may have
lies in the fact they have
selected an excellent city
ticket, headed by Attorney
General Louis j. Lefkowitz,
and also in the fact that
Democratic Mayor Robert F.
Wagner's second four-year
term has been riddled with
scandal after scandal. The
Republican candidates for the
two other major offices are
Representative Paul A. Fino
Of the Bronx, to be president
of the City Council, and John
j. Gilhooley of Brooklyn,
former Assistant Secretary of
Labor in the Eisenhower ad-
ministration, to be controller.
Mr.. Lefkowitz lives in Man
haitian.
In some measure, this cam
paign to elect a Republican
mayor of the city, where the
Democratic registration is
more than 3 to / against the
Republicans, is a warming up
gallop for the reelection of
Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller.
If there were any doubts
about that purpose they
should be dispelled by the
Governors participation in
the selection of this Republi-
city ticket and his announced
determin, ton to take off his
coat and go to work for it
in the fall campaign. Gov.
Rockefeller has a big personal
following in New York City.
Also, Mr.. Lefkowitz has been
a strong = vote-getter there
himself in the past.
1t is many years since a
Republican mayor of New
York has been in charge at
City Hall. The closest to such
a rule was Mayor Fiorella La
Guardia a score of years ago
and he was chosen as a
fusion candidate" He gave
the city an excellent govern
ment, He had served in Con-
gress first as a Republican,
then as a Socialist, and then
again as a progressive Repub-
lican.
Fusion Effort
Efforts have been made by
New YorkerS - who believe
that it is time for a change, +"
time to throw the Democrats
out Of City Hall in the in
terest of better government
to get Democrats, Republi-
cans and members of the
Liberal Party together on a
fusion ticket. The G. o. P.
was willing. But the reform"
group in the Democratic
Party, headed by Herbert
Lehman, former Governor
and Senator, and Mrs. Frank
lin D. Roosevelt, was unwill-
ing to let desires for reform"
rise above their party parti-
Sanship. Mr.. Lehman, appar-
emily, was willing, if neces-
sary, to fight shoulder to
shoulder with Tammany Boss
Carmine G. De Sapio.and the
Evening star., 1961-06-10
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

@. How does drinking
water with meals affect
digestion? E. Y.
A. Moderate amounts of
water taken with meals
should not slow digestion,
but excessive cunts
should be avoided.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
Two Pope
Johns In
Vatican

VATICAN CITY What's
in a name? Quite a lot if you
happen to be named Pope
John.
That is the curious situation
in which a monsignor who
works in the Sacred Congre-
cation of Rites finds himself.
His name is Msgr. Giovanni
Papa. In Italy it is the custom
to write the family name first
and the Christian name sec
ond, so that the monsignor
is often referred to as Papa
Giovanni-or Pope John.
At the office in which he
works as a historical research
er the monsignor has been
the object of affectionate rib
bing, with his fellow priests
and superiors often referring
to him as "Your Holiness" or
'Most Holy Father"
The monsignor takes the
kidding well, even when Pope
John joins in. The Pope &C.
casionally refers to his "coI.
league" at the CONGREGATION
of Rites and has met him on
at least two occasions.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
How W. can be q VITAL FORCE in
the welfare of the Diocese of Columbus

God, we are only returning that which belongs
to Him. Generosity TO the works of mercy, as
performed by our Diocese, is indeed a gesture
of true charity.
Rev. George FU!eher
Editor
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
Festival Time Nears

greater assured value of the
fruits of ones own labor"
Telling farmers to have con-
fidence in society, the Pope
noted that governments must
provide impartially for al
classes of citizens, He stated:
Through society you must
expect those laws and pro-
visions which you cannot
achieve from your own eff
forts alone. This applies to
timely subsidies, to different
types of insurance and pen
Sions, to the granting of fam
lily allowances These con-
cessions, already granted to
other social groups, are owed
to you as a duty of justice"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
CARDINAL SPELLMAN SAYS:
Kennedy Aid Brief
May Be Acceptable

sion that "loans to church
related schools might be ex-
tended where there has been
a distinction made between
aspects Of the schools which
are involved with religious
teaching and those which may
not be-"
HE ADDED, HOWEVER,
that Mr.. Cusack advises that
"it is as least debatable
whether the government is
correct in concluding that
general loans would be un.
constitutional, even where
there is no measurable cost
to the government"
Cardinal Spellman said the
administrations memo did
not deal with bills in Con-
gress to provide some form
of income tax benefit to par
ents of school children.
However, he said. his coun-
sci holds that such legisla-
ton would unquestionably
not conflict" with the prin-
ciples mentioned in the
memo.
THE MEMO TO WHICH
the Cardinal referred was
presented to Congress in late
March by the Department of
Health, Education and Wei
fare which prepared it. in
conjunction with the Depart
ment of Justice, at the re-
quest of the Senate educa-
ton subcommittee.
The concessions found in
1t, said the Cardinal, are "the
more notable" because the
governments memorandum
was, UNDERSTANDABLE, in the
nature of a brief on behalf
of the administrations pro.
gram" A brief is a legal docu-
ment issued in support of a
previously announced stand.
The administration has pro.
posed to Congress a three
year, S23 billion program OF
outright grants to states for
use either in construction OF
public schools or payment OF
public school teachers sal
aries.
PRIVATE AND PARo.
CHIAL schools were ruled out
of the measure by the ad.
ministration.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

federation Of Independent
Italian Farmers that they
have a right to social assist
ance because farming is one
Of the most important factors
in the world economy. Among
those present in st. Peters
Basilica for the annual au-
dience granted to the confed-
Grafton was the Pope's broth
er, Mr.. Giuseppe Roncalli.
AT THE END of his adj
dress the Pontiff told the
farmers that his work that
morning april 49, had been
so heavy that he had not had
time to celebrate Mass. He
said that as soon as he left
the audience he was going to
his chapel to offer Mass and
promised to include their in
tentions in his prayers. It
was the first time in his reign
that Pope John celebrated his
daily Mass in the afternoon.
Pope John told the farmers
that their problems find "a
solicitous and affectionate
echo in the Pope's heart"
He said that they must
have confidence in God, the
Church. themselves and So
ciety.
HE URGED THEM to have
"first and above all, conf
dence in God, without whose
help nothing prosperous and
lasting can be achieved even
in material life"
Have confidence, beloved
sons and daughters" he add
ed. 'the Church is with you.
It understands you and en-
courages you"
Farmers, the Pope contin-
ued, must have confidence in
themselves, sin the admirable
energies given to every man
by God to develop his person
atty in the form of life he
chooses" The farmer, he went
on, must have confidence
in his own inventive and pro-
ductive capabilities and in his
own strength, created by God
for the purpose of subduing
the earth"
The Pontiff cautioned farm
ers against looking to outside
sources for aid. He said;
WHEN A NATION or q
part of it becomes used to ex-
pecting everything from
abroad and is more inclined
to accuse others than to slim
ulate itself, there is reason
to fear for its freedom and
for the nations very life.
so yes, the help and the
work of society are necessary
and sometimes irreplaceable,
but they cannot replace per
sonaI initiative, the keen dill
gence of each person who
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

name Of God" Mr.. Castro
said that "the priests inject
ed the poison of counterTe-
volution into students of re-
ligious schools" He then de-
clared that the revolution
cannot permit these gentle
men to bring hell here"
OVER HALF OF cUBA's
732 priests are foreign-born
most Of them natives Of
Spain. The Premier's an
nouncement that they should
start packing their bags
and that privately operated
schools would be seized came
several days after word Of the
release Of two Catholic bis
hops who had been imprison-
ed for three days.
Domenico Cardinal Tardini
Vatican Secretary of State,
had sent a message in be.
half of Pope John XIII to
Premier Castro asking for
clemency for those seized at
the time of the ill-fated in
vasion of Cuba. Vatican Off
cials confirmed that the mes
sage had been sent, but de-
clined TO give any details
concerning it,
While it was reported that
many priests were still being
held in Cuban jails, Coadjutor
Archbishop Evelio Diaz V Cia
of Havana and Auxiliary Bish.
op Eduardo BOA Masvidal of
Havana, rector of the govern
ment-cloSed Catholic Univer-
sity of Villanueva, were both
released. It was understood,
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
100000
APPLAUD BISHOP

VALLETTA, Malta A
crowd estimated at 100000
people--nearly one-third of
the population of Malta
joined their bishops in cele-
brating the feast of st. Jose
phi the Worker here.
But only 5000 people
showed up for the May Day
celebration sponsored by the
Maltese Labor party, whose
leaders were placed under &C.
clesiaStical C e insure three
weeks earlier.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

NEW Francis
Cardinal Spellman s a
common ground for end
ing the dispute over Fed
eral aid to church-relat-
ed schools may be contained
in the administrations legal
memorandum.
The Archbishop of New
York. ranking US. Cardinal
said the memo on the con-
stitutionality of US. assis-
lance to church schools made
three substantial conces-
sions" to supporters of such
aid.
liz REPEATED his earlier
calls that Congress do social
justice to children in church
related schools and said it
can be done by adoption of
one or more of the three ap-
proaches found in the memo.
Citing an analysis of the
memo by Lawrence X. Gu
sack, archdiocesan counsel,
the Cardinal listed these three
constitutionally table
courses:
l. Providing schools with
equipment or facilities for
special purposes apart from
the schools religious fUne-
ton, such as laboratories.
z. Extending loans TO fi-
nance construction of nom
religious facilities.
3. Providing pupils with
Certain collateral education
al services, secular textbooks
and non-relisiovs equipment"
In celebrating on the first
approach, the Cardinal said
it is in line with a suggestion
Mr.. Cusack made in testi-
mony before a House educa-
ton
Mr.. Cusack, speaking for
the archdiocese, said there
might be a plan of Federal
aid for facilities such as gym
nasiums. cafeterias, labora-
tories and medical-dental ia
cilities. He said it might also
include compensation of
teachers Of secular subjects.
In detailing the second
course - loans - the Cardi-
nal said it was in lire with
the administrators conces-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

thinks always of lettering
himself by drawing on his
resources of talent, capability
and thriftiness."
POPE JOHN URGED farm
ers to cultivate a deep sense
of solidarity and of mutual as
sistance, reciprocally passing
on efforts and successes, or
ganizing themselves into Cos
operatives and associations
and placing themselves at the
level of the basic demands of
today's social and economic
life, which lis summed up) in
union and collaboration for a
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

however. that both preIstes
were under close surveillance
and that restrictions had been
placed on their activities.
THE CASTRO ANNOUNCE.
MENT that private schools
would be taken over by the
government appeared to doom
Cuba's 339 Catholic schools.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
URGES SELF RELIANCE:
URGES SELF RELIANCE:
Farmers Haze
Right To Aid
Pope Reminds

VATICAN CITY - Pope John XIII told farmers
here that they have a right to assistance from society,
but urged them to rely mainly on their own initiative
and cooperative efforts.
Pope John told some 80, 1000 members of the Con-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05
Castro VIII Nationalist
Catholic School System

Premier FldeI Castro in his May Day speech
p%roclaiming Cuba a Socialist state declared that
foreign-born priests will be expelled and all Church
schools nationalized.
labelling the clergy "expIoiters Who came in the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-05-05

PROVIDENCE, RI. (NC)
"A Solemn Pontifical Req
uiem Mass was offered here
for Father Robert ]. Slavin,
O.P., 81, president of Provi-
dence College since 1947.
NC OFFICIAL DIES
WOODSIDE, NY. Req
uiem Mass was offered here
for Thomas F. MulhoIland,
30, who was the National Ca
tholic Conferences New York
port immigration director for
more than 40 years.
Evening star., 1961-08-13
MISCELLANEOUS FOR RENT

BULLD0ZERS, leaders. generators,
chain saws, pumps, Ford tractors,
cement mixers, grinders. finishing
machines, etc. JU. 5-5040.
RENTAL TOOLS. EQUIPMENT co.
WHEELCHAIRS = Rent, lowest
rates, usually no deposit. Also
sell cheap. SURGICAL APPLI-
ANCE CO.. Ii. 6-5222.
Evening star., 1961-08-13

DACHSHUND PUPPIES, miniature;
also stud service; min. long-haired
or smooth. LO. 7-391b