davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-07-07
State Department MorshoIing Facts
For Decision by the President

same pro-Chiang third force
would without question raise
the issue of continued Amer
ican participation in the
United Nations.
The President might well
shudder at such an issue in
the congressional campaigns
next year. Certainly his con-
greSSional leaders do.
The $64 question is
whether and to what extent
the President is prepared to
take the offensive on the
profile m, outlining new
ground in the light of pres
ent-day realities. 1t is being
argued that this country
should at least develop a
prepared position to fall back
to in case it appears that
it is about to be soundly
trounced at the U.N.
Evening star., 1961-07-07
Stringing Out the Berlin Crisis

the agreements, it was re-
solved in 1948, when the So
viets instituted a blockade Of
Berlin. Rail and highway
traffic was stopped at the
border, but the Allies broke
the blockade with an airlift
into Berlin and insisted upon
their rights. Gen. Clay was
in the midst of this contro-
verSy, which led to negotia-
tionS in Moscow and Wash
ington, and finally all re-
strictionS were removed and
the previous situation was
restored.
The United States has
adhered firmly to its posi-
ton ever since. Emphasizing
the continuity of American
policy, President Kennedy.
on June %, issued a state
ment in which he said:
THE crisis over Berlin is
Soviet manufactured. The
Soviets Illegally blockaded
the city in 1948 and lifted
the blockade in the spring of
1949. From that time until
November, 1858 - almost a
decade - the situation in
Berlin was relatively peace
full.
I'm November, 1858, the
Soviets began a new cam
paign to force the Allied
powers out of Berlin, a
process which led up to the
abortive summit conference
in Paris in May of last year.
Now they have revived that
drive. They call upon us to
sign what they call a peace
treaty with the regime they
have created in Eastern
Germany. If we refuse, they
say they themselves will sign
such a treaty The obvious
purpose here is not to have
peace but to make permanent
the partition of Germany"
The Western world is not
going to accept the theory
that a party to an agreement
may alter it at any time
without the consent of the
other. To concede such a
principle is to invite chaos
in the world. Hence, Berlin
means more than a mere
debate concerning who
should or shouldn't govern
a particular region. It's a
question Of the obligation of
allies who fought a war
together to decide in unity
what should or should not be
done. For sacrifices were
made by the West as we'll as
the East.
(copyright, 196D
Evening star., 1961-07-07
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Seven nations have Joined the space rocket race
Much Of this and Heaven will saying Somebody
down there doesn't like me-"
Teamster Boss Hoffa gets his pay raised to $75OOO
Hoffa beeds much for the working man. to open
his do-it-yourseH blood bank
Maybe what this country needs is little less touch
football and little more tackling.
Senator Kefauver crusades against high drug prices
He's finding it up-pin fight.
Gen. Lemnitzer military boss, says can't afford
to yield another yard" to communism Certainly not the
front yard-with Castro all over the back yard.
Evening star., 1961-07-07
u. S. Officials and Red Diplomats
Held Too Realistic to Fall for Runor

Allied correspondents here.
These men say in confidence
that within the Communist
world itself few adult minds
accept for the moment any
notion that Red China and
the Soviet Union have bro
ken or could break with each
other in any substantial way.
They see the spreading of
this notion in the West as
only another illustration of
the almost infinite capacity
for wishful thinking of many
on our side. 1t is rather COM
parable to the persistent
conviction of some. in the
face of mountainous evidence
to the contrary, that a pub
licly committed Soviet satel-
lite in Cuba is not really one
and anyhow poses no dan
ger to the United States.
Khrushchev and Mao no
doubt argue about ideologi-
cal differences between the
Russian and Chinese versions
of communism. But to sup
pose that this means any
thing more than a dreary
exercise in logic-splitting and
dogma chasing is perilous,
indeed.
KhruShchev has given the
most repeated proof that
what he respects is power,
and power alone. Debating
the fine points of Communist
theory with Mao is for the
Russian hardly more than a
Sardonic amusement, how
ever Mao himself may clutch
this nonsense to his bosom
Evening star., 1961-07-07
DAVID LAWRENCE

Signs are coming over the
international horizon that
Soviet Premier Khrushchev
is not ready to force any
sudden end to the debate
over the future status of
Berlin. 1t may go on for years.
Indications from Commu-
mist diplomats in London are
that the Soviet dictator
wants a summit" conference
in October or November next
before he reaches any de-
cision.
This is but another way of
saying he might be content
with a few official COM
muniques on Berlin or with
a stalemate. which is what he
foStered in the power
conference at Geneva two
years ago.
Maybe the Soviets are be-
ginning to see the weaknesses
in their argument. For if the
Soviet contention about
Berlin is correct, then the
Western allies, too, can at
any time it suits them re-
open all wartime agreements.
International law has long
recognized the principle that,
when nations sign an agree
ment, it is binding upon all
of them and cannot be al
tered by one party in disre-
gard of the will of the others.
Moscow may not like it,
but to apply its own rule
would justify a reopening
Of the wartime understand
ings whereby Latvia, Lithu-
ania and Estonia were in
corporated into the Soviet
Union. Each of these coun-
tries was an independent
state before World War II.
They have a right to self
determination" They are to-
day colonies of the Soviet
government. Despite all the
piouS observations by the
Communists concerning Co
lonialiSm" in Asia and Africa,
there are flagrant examples
Of q disregard of the right
Of Self-determination right
at the backdoor of the Soviet
Union itself.
One Of the unfortunate as:
poets Of the whole controversy
is the tendency in some
American quarters to concede
that the wartime agreements
concerning Berlin are not
based upon firm and explicit
Evening star., 1961-07-07

Prudent men will take only
with whole boxes of salt all
the current rumors and
happy speculative reports of
some sort of rift" or "break"
between Soviet Russia and
Communist China.
There are several sound
reasons for great skepticism.
And there is no good reason
at all for belief, except for
the natural American temp
tation to hopefulness, to find
some supposed silver lining
in the vast and brooding
cloud which hangs over all
the Eurasian and Asian
world.
For all suggestions OF any
important division between
Mao Tse-tung, the stone
faced Red Chinese dictator,
and Nikita Khrushchev of
the Soviet Union are the
most strongly doubted by the
very people who ought to
know best.
These doubters include not
only our own most realistic
officials, but also even Ger
tain diplomats from Iron
Curtain countries which are
actually parts of the inter-
national Com munist
apparatus.
A sense Of cynical realism
provokes laughter from these
Iron Curtain people in their
occasional cautious private
contacts with American and
Evening star., 1961-07-07
DORIS FLEESON

The American position on
the problem of Chinese rep
resentation in the United
Nations still is unreSolved.
1t presents President Ken
nedy with his stickiest for
eign policy problem because
it is so thoroughly enmeshed
in domestic politics.
Powerful and articulate
forces in the Republican
Party have adopted as a
cardinal article of faith that
the Nationalist regime of
Chang Kai-shek on Formosa
cannot be touched. They have
been Joined by some vocal
Democrats.
With remarkable skill, the
Nationalist Chinese have
woven these elements into
what might almost be called
a third force in the partisan
politics of this country. 1t
has been attacked as sinister
under the China lobby label;
it has been ridiculed as the
"Formosa FirSterS."
But it exists, and it drew
blood from Harry S. Truman
while former President Els
enhower consistently re-
Trained from tangling with
it. Possibly President Ken
nedy would like to refrain
also from the struggle, but
the news from the United
Nations is that he cannot
avoid it.
The question of rer-esen-
tation Of Red China, even
possibly its substitution for
Nationalist China, will recur,
he has been told. The fur
ther warning is sounded that
if the United States tries to
continue the present mora
torium on discussion Of the
issue, it might receive a hu-
initiating defeat.
Nor would that be the end.
If that defeat were admin
istered to this country, the
Evening star., 1961-07-07
Signs Are Seen That Soviet May Keep
City's Status as an Issue for Years

understandings. In some
quarters this is merely a way
of starting a chain reaction
toward appeasement through
negotiations.
But the record bears out
that the United States and
its allies obtained broad
rights in Berlin and are en-
titled to respect for those
rights today by the Soviet
Union.
Perhaps the most interest
ing documents on the whole
subject are those furnished
in a book by Gen. Lucius D.
Clay, who was a participant
in all the big-power confer
ences from 1945 to 1949-at
Potsdam, Washington, Lon7
don, Paris, Moscow - at
which the agreements con-
corning disposition of former
German territory were ar
ranged.
Gen. Clay was deputy mill
tary governor of the United
States-occupied Germany in
1945 and 1916, and COM
mander of United States
Forces and military governor
of the United States zone in
Germany from 1947 to his re-
tirement in 1949. In his book,
Decision in Germany" pub
lished in 1850, he says:
''It is interesting to note
that all of these documents
accepted a common occupa-
ton of Berlin and yet no one
of them contained any guar
antee Of access or specific
provision for truck, rail and
air right of way. This omis-
sion was not accidental and
had been discussed with our
representative on the Euro
pean Advisory Commission
by Robert D. Murphy. AM
bassador Winant in London
believed that the right to be
in Berlin carried with it
right of access and that it
would only confuse the issue
to raise it in connection with
the agreement. He felt
strongly that it would arouse
Soviet suspicion and make
mutual understanding more
difficult to attain. He be-
lieved it possible to develop
a mutual friendly under
standing in which differ
ences would disappear"
If there was any doubt
about what was meant by
Evening star., 1961-07-07

won't form deep holes and creases. So it won't quit
fltering while you smoke, either
Evening star., 1961-07-07

you'll see the tobacco holds it's
shape all by itself. It's packed
SO tight, it doesn't readily fall
apart. 1t smokes cooler and
slower as a result. Spread the
tobacco out and notice how
sharp and even the cut is.
There's hardly any stemmage.
And no reconstructed tobacco.
And the color is more light
and golden than you're used
to seeing. You see, Encore is
a true Richmon Blend,
Evening star., 1961-07-07

@vNEO STATES TOBACCO COMPANY ENCORE REGISTERED TRADEMARK
Evening star., 1961-07-07
Settle down to the
taste of the
Well-made cigarette

based on tobacco recipe that goes back to when
cigarettes were really cigarettes. When it burns
Evening star., 1961-07-07
POPULAR PRICE

POPULAR PRICE
OF course, the only real way
to be convinced is to try
Encore. Treat yourself to a
pack; despite allthe extra care,
it's sold at a popular price.
Encore won't make you feel
like a cowhand or a racing
driver-or anything else but
a satisfied smoker. If you
really enjoy smoking, Encore
ought to suit you fine from
here on out.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
TWENTY YEARS AGO
CITY

Streamlining the city contin-
ues and the business section i'm
proves each week.
At Patterson's Variety Store
the front Screen doors have been
removed and to keep out flying
insects, especially flies at this
season, two ceiling fans have
been installed at the entrance
which keep the store cooler by
creating a breeze. Work of in
s~tallation was done by Eddie
Mollov. local electrician.
At The Smart Shop, fluores-
cent lights have been added in
front from show window, also a
ceiling light and lighting along
the shelving racks where the
ready-to-wear is displayed. New
linoleum has been placed on the
main part of the store.
Patterson's Variety Store
also has new flooring placed
down the aisles of the store this
week. Nation Garnet. local con-
tractor. is in charge of the work.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
mississippi In The Confederaey" By State
History Professors Is Released This Week

cations concentrating Missis-
sippi's part in the War Between
the States.55
Volume One of mississippi in
the Confederacy," subtitled CAS-
They Saw It." is a compilation
of writing by Mississippians
while the war was in progress.
It consists primarily of material
previously unpublished in book
form taken from letter, diaries,
newspaper stories, private pa
pers and public records. Betters-
worth of the Department of
History at Mississippi State Uni
versity is the editor of this
volume.
The second volume, "Missis-
sippi in the Confederacy - AS
Seen in Retrospect" is an an
thology of the best accounts of
the states participation in the
war written from 1865 to the
present time. The editor is Sill
yer of the University of Missis-
sippi.
This volume contains selec-
tons from the pens Of Presi-
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
WORK CREW CONTINUES
PHONE IMPROVEMENTS

The construction crew of the
Southern Bell Telephone and
Telegraph Company has been at
work in Lexington the past two
weeks installing cables on Carol
ton and North Streets and re-
moving the wires serving these
sections of the city. The men
are through with this phase and
their work shows up fine. The
poles and equipment are larger
in type and will allow or growth
and demand in all sections of
the city where the new lines
penetrate.
The crew has also taken adj
vantage of their stay here to re-
build the circuit from the Lex
ington Country Club to the cor
porate limits of the city in that
part cf town, and this will also
enable better service to be had
by the subscribers.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18

child beats back her tears and
fears.
Once a week, Mrs. Nelson
and Sheila travel tedious miles
across Minneapolis to the March
of Dimes-supported Children'S
Rheumatism Clinic of the Uni
versity of Minnesota. There
scientists study any blood
changes in Sheila and, under
the almost astronomical mag
MITIGATION of electron micro
scopy, also study specimens of
tissue and fluid from her knee.
For her part, at the clinic, the
mother takes lessons in home
physical therapy for the child.
"Sheila is a withdrawn and
tongue-tied little girl most of
the time" her mother says,
"but the cat doesn't have her
tongue on Sundays when she
"opens her Sunday school class
here at home. We think the
likely reason for this is that
when she was able to go to our
church until some months ago.
that was the one time ano
place where she somehow bios
somed. If she did have pair
then. and that was often so
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
SheiIo> A Little Girl with Great Courage
Invents A Came LET'S Play SundoySchoor

Sheila Nelson of Mime
apolis, a blue-eyed and bru-
nette young lady of five
years whose cherubic face
is generously seasoned with
freckles, has just invented
a game called Lets Play
Sunday School"
The reason for this bit of
little-girl continuance is that
FSheffa no longer can walk to
the Lutheran Church half a
block up the hill from her
home. And because of sidewalk
bumps, it's equally excruciat-
ing to get her to her real Sum
day school by wheel chair pro-
PEELED by her mother.
Indeed, she may never be
able to make her way again to
that house of worship at the
top of the hill, a journeys end
that seems more unattalnable
with each painful, passing day.
SO Sheila today must make
believe" about Sunday school
at home.
Severe rheumatoid arthrltls
of the neck, hands, wrists, knees
and feet, cruelty intensified IN
recent weeks, account for her
inability 10 travel up that hill
to church on the Sabbath, to
listen to biblical stories and to
scissor paper cut-outs of Noah's
ark with everything that
creepeth upon the EARTH" to-
gether with lambs and kneel-
ing camels and other figures OF
the Nativity.
Another 10000 children in
the nation each year are in the
same aching predicament as
Sheila. the answer to which
The National Foundation is
seeking today with March OF
Dimes contributions.
"It's difficult to believe" says
Mrs. Ronald Nelson, the child's
mother, 'sbut many of my
neighbors just won't believe
that children are stricken by
arthritis. They actually tell me
after all my experience with
Sheila-that arthritis is a dis
ease that only the old folks
get"
Two years of caring day anc
night for Sheila have taught
her attractive mother that ju-
venile rheumatoid arthritis is {
long way removed from harm
less growing pains" Mrs. Mel
son, her husband and two Other
children are often awakened il
the night by Sheila's outcrie'
although much Of the time thu
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18

she was just spunky enough
not to let the Sunday school
teacher and the other kids know
about it,"
Through the exercise of pro-
digious badgering, a stranger
was admitted to Sheila's "at
home" Sunday school a Sunday
ago. Dressed in her blue or
CANDY best and seated on the
living room couch, the young
lady was recounting with APP
propriate gestures the story of
Jonah and the Whale to a
wholly imaginary audience of
others of her small fry genera
ton.
With March of Dimes con-
tributions, The National Foun-
dation has been able to estab-
lish four arthritis study centers
across the nation and has made
an additional 20 research grants
in this one field. But more such
centers and grants are needed
if Sheila is to climb back up
the hill to her real-life Sunday
school; and if the torments of
the other 10000 child victims
of rheumatoid arthritis are to
end.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
Drs. james Silver,
j. K. Bettersworth
Authors Volumes

A book which presents IAN
enduring record of MississipnTs
heroic pa~ticipation in the
Americon Civil War" has lust
been released by the Mississippi
Department Of Archives and
History. Miss Charlotte Capers,
Director. announced todav.
mississippi in the Confede-
racv," a two-volume set, is
edited bv Mississippi historians
John K. Bettersworth and James
w. Silver, and is published for
the Department of Archives and
History bv Louisiana State
University Press of Baton Rouge.
The idea for the set of books
originated in the state legisla-
ture, Miss Capers said. Repre-
sentative Walter Sillers intro
duced in the 1858 session a bill
making an appropriation for "a
centenary publication or publ
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
TWO BAWI BOND VOTES
ARE IDENTICAL

Identical votes were recorded
recently for two B. A. w. l. bond
issue elections. Pike county
voters approved a $300,0 600 bond
issue to finance construction, at
Osyka, of a branch of the Croft
Aluminium Company of Nc
Comb. The vote was 482-1. BY
the same count - 1921 = Wig
gins voters approved a $3.50, 900
bond proposal to finance con-
struction of a paper mill for the
Southern Paper Company, Inc,
which will manufacture toilet
tissue and paper towels and en-
plov approximately 80. To pass
a B. A. w. /. bond issue, a ma
jority of the qualified voters
must go to the polls, and two
thirds of those voting must ap-
prove the bond issue.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
WILLIAMS FOR SENATOR

The Lexington Advertiser an
nounces the candidacy Of T. M.
Williams for state senator from
Holmes County.
Mr.. Williams was born at
Mena, Arkansas, and was county
agent in that state from 1915
to 1922 when he went with the
Missouri Pacific Railroad as De-
velopment agent with headquar-
tiers at st. Lotus. He came to
Lexington in February, 1923, as
county agent and served in this
capacity until 1910. Since that
time he has operated a seed and
feed store in Lexington.
Mr.. Williams states that he is
for economy. enforcement of the
law; repeal of the black market
tax and a referendum on the
liquor question.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18

dent Jefferson Davis and such
military leaders as James Long
street and Joseph E. Johnston,
as we'll as historical and fictional
accounts by such well-known
authors as George Washington
Cable. William Faulkner, Horace
S. Fulkerson, James w. Garner,
Percy Lee Rainwater, Hudson
Strobe, and Mark Twain.
The two-volume set is being
distributed by the Department
of Archives and History to every
high school in Mississippi, Miss
Caper said. It is available to
the genreal public through the
bookstores of the state, she said,
and is priced at $1,000.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-05-18
4'1ah5gZ1

Located on the northern
edge of Mississippi's piney
woods region, in Wayne Coun-
ty, is the worlds second largest
tree nursery.
It is the Waynesboro Nurs-
cry of the Mississippi State
Forestry Commission. It con-
tains 100 acres and has a pro-
duction capacity of so million
pine seedlings annually.
In 1859, Mississippi farmers
put out 40 million seedlings.