davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-24

untangled - has much TACT
to support 1t. Essentially his
point is that United States
officialdom and public -
mainly through incompetence
of the press - failed COM
pletely to understand the
depth of social revolution
Fidel Castro always intend
ed to carry out in Cuba.
He admits that the Cuban
dictator probably now has
gone past the point Of no
return with the Communists.
but denies this was so when
he had his interview ("the
biggest scoop Of our timeSD
with the obscure rebel leader
in the Sierra Maestro Noun
tains in February, 1857.
According to Mr.. Mat
thews. Fidel Castro was
trapped" into his depend
ence on the Communists by
his revolutionary aims and
massive preSsures" from the
United States.
In projecting this thesis to
the rest of Latin America. he
points out that Castroism
has become a powerful to-
talitarian a lterna tive for
achieving reforms democracy
and liberalism only promise.
A Paranoid Castro
Irving Peter Pflaum in
Tragic Island" gives anoth-
er journalistic account Of
Cuba's descent into Commu-
nism, and comes out with a
far less flattering portrait of
the "pudgy" and paranoid
Mr.. Castro. His style is rather
disjointed, and his chapters
ramb BILE with impressions
gained from nearly 80 years
of experience in Latin Amer
ican affairs and many long
stays in Cuba between 1858
and 1860.
In essence, however, Mr..
Pflaum agrees with Mr.. Mat
thews that official Washing
ton completely failed to un-
derstand the political plight
Of Cuban dictator Fulgencio
Batista in 1857 and 1858. 1t
is Mr.. Pflaum's view that
North American failure
shaped the whole course of
Cuban history.
IL Latin American Lands
William Benton switches
the focus away from Cuba
to the problems which Cuba
dramatizes throughout Latin
America. "The Voice of Latin
America" is taken from a
160,000-word record which
the author made during his
two-month trip through IL
Latin countries in the Spring
of 1860 with Adlai Steven
son.
Mr.. Stevenson has written
a glowing foreword for the
book. He echoes Mr.. Benton
in saying the United States
must drop its traditional in
difference to Latin America
and realize the vast econom-
ic and social transformation
taking place there.
OF all these books, only
Bryce Woods "The Making
of The Good NeighbOr Poll
Cy" takes the historical
scholarly approach. Indeed,
it is almost a textbook com.
plete with footnotes recount
ing United States foreign
policy toward Latin America
from the late twenties to
1913.
Although Mr.. Bryce stops
long before Fidel Castro ap-
Evening star., 1961-12-24

peared on the horizon. his
account of the shaping of the
Good Neighbor Policy and
Latin American sensitivity to
United States meddling in
their domestic affairs puts
the current Cuban problem
in its proper setting.
GEORGE SHERMAN,
Evening star., 1961-12-24

study Of the military as
poets of the Vietminh's
successful struggle against
the French in Indochina.
GOD AND THE H-BOMB.
Edited by Donald Keys.
(Geis; $3.500 Twenty-eight
of our foremost spiritual
leaders offer their counsel
in response to mans great
est challenge, the atomic
crisis.
PAPERBACKS
THE PEACE RACE. BY sey-
mour Melman. CBallan-
tine; so cents) A program
to put Americas men and
factories to work to indus
trialize the emerging ma
tions.
THE HOUSE OF FIVE tai
ENTS. BY Louis Auchin-
Gloss. Dell; 60 cents.) The
saga of five generations of
a family - their wealth,
their passions and their
destinies. Reprint.
Evening star., 1961-12-24

Revenue, who says he would
welcome any comments you
might have as to how we can
further improve the booklet.
We personally can't think
of anything but banning it.
Evening star., 1961-10-06

the court was in attendance.
Today, where sat the Czars,
there is a gigantic, red flag
draped map Of the Soviet
Union done in semiprecious
stones. 1t is completely out
of keeping with the elegant
Georgiyevsky Hall decor, but
its message escapes none.
Sundoy: PetTo Dvorets.
Evening star., 1961-10-06

The first hall that one enters
is the Picasso hall, and the
wealth in this one room alone
is impressive. The paintings
are now hung and open to the
public. but a few years ago
they were still being cata-
logued and special permission
was required to view them.
The visitor is taken through
room after room in the Win
ter Palace, and the Soviet
government is still restoring
some of the rooms-a room
with a great malachite throne
was in the process of being
restored while we were there.
New deep red draperies,
matching the older colors Of
upholstery on gold chairs,
had recently been hung in
one of the Cars apart
mentS.
Again, the opulence was
overwhelming. Huge silver
champagne coolers. as large
as bath tubs, were orna-
mented with grape leaves and
other intricate designs: the
dressing table ornaments in
the Czarina's boudoir were
all of the most beautiful sill
yer, gold and jewels.
But the rooms that inter
ested me most we're the
Malachite Hall, typically
Russian. with its great COL
umns of Ural malachite and
lapis lazuli; the Gallery Of
the War of 1912 with its por-
traits of generals OF the Rus
sian army who fought Napo-
leon and the Concert Room
with its exhibition of Rus
sian Silverware from the 18th
century to the goth century.
1t Is in this room that the
gigantic silver tomb of Alex
ander Nevsky now stands.
Alexander NevSky was an
early Russian ruler during
the Khanate. and one
couldn't help but think that
only the Russians would bury
an early hero in a gigantic
silver tomb. then move it into
the Winter Palace of the
Romanovs for all of Soviet
Russia to view.
Evening star., 1961-10-06

There is a rather heavy
handed symbolism in the
great GeorgiyevSky or Large
Throne Room. This lovely
hail in white Italian marble
and gilded bronze is lit nv
% chandeliers with $500
lamps. 1t must have been a
magnificent sight when the
Car sat on the throne and
Evening star., 1961-10-06
ST. PETERSBURG TO LENINGRAD
Two Million
Art Objects

This is the sixth Of a series Of
erticIes on srt and museums Of
czaFist Russio in the old kussien
eepitoI Of St. Petsrsburs. fodoY's
Leninsrod. second largest city in
the USSR.
Evening star., 1961-10-06
By LEE WALSH
women's Editor, The Star

give the visitor a splendid
picture of Czarist Russia.
Even though there was de-
struction during the Revolu-
ton, and even though some
of the art was scattered
across Europe, America and
South America Queen Mary.
for instance. owned one Of
the finest collections of Fa-
berge jewels outside Russia,
there was such opulence and
magnificence under the Cars
that there is still more on
view than the visitor can as
simulate in a short visit.
So vast are the buildings
and so huge the collections
q million art objects are on
view in The Hermitage alone)
that it would take months of
steady visits to get a really
overall picture of the collec-
tions.
The short guide" makes
no mention of the fact that
the Hermitage was built un-
der the Cars. 1t says: THE
postwar years have seen a
marked increase in interest
in the classical heritage of
the past. During 1854 alone
1,250,000' persons visited the
Hermitage, 10000 excursions
were arranged and 240 groups
Systematically studied the
main periods in the develop
ment of culture and art and
the works of great masters,
and acquainted their mem
bers with the highly varied
artistic treasures Of the mu-
scum. The name Hermitage
has gone into the literature
and art, and having lost its
original meaning, has become
associated with the biggest
museum in the Soviet Union
"a treasure-house Of world
culture and art"
C"This figure must be much
higher now, as not only are
there large crowds of vlsi-
tors from the Soviet Union.
but more and more foreign
visitors have seen the Her
mitage in the last seven
years.
Coats Checked
The lobby of the Hermi-
tage is not crowded, but
jammed. Huge as it is, it is
almost impossible for the vis-
itor to move about, except in
a line. Nor can anyone see
the museum wearing a coat
All coats must be checked
and the checkrooms stretch
on both sides down a Ions
corridor.
School children, old mer
and women, young couples
all walk the countless step
through the great halls. Som
stop to study. some wall
through quickly.
Today. the Hermitage oc
cupies four buildings and 81
departments are open to tn
public. The four building
open are the Winter Palac,
itself, which is the Oldest
The Small Hermitage wa
built to house the first col
lection. Next came the Ol,
Hermitage, an extension bull
at the end Of the 18th cen
tury. Latest building is tn
New Hermitage. completed Il
1850.
Departments open at tn
present time include Russia
culture, which includes tn
rooms in the Winter Palace
primitive culture; The Cul
ture and Art of Peoples Of tn
Soviet East: The Culture an
Art of Foreign Countries {
the East; The Culture an
Art of the Ancient Worlc
and the justly celebrated de
partment of West Europea
Art. In this department alor
a student could spend a life
time.
n~An - DVahlfa
Evening star., 1961-10-06
Open to Public

The Dutch ard Italian COL
lections are perhaps the larg-
est in size, but there is good
representation from the
Spanish school. The Eng
lish school is perhaps the
weakest. And there is a
magnificent collection Of
French Impressiouists from
the Morozov-S -Shchukin COL
lection. There seems to be
some mystery as to the exact
number of paintings in the
collection, since some are in
store rooms, some have been
sent to Moscow, and items in
the collection change often.
The Picasso collection con-
tains the beautiful Child
Harlequin in White and Blue
Buttons, and Portrait of a
Man, from his blue period.
Evening star., 1961-07-23
The Lonely Forgotten and rendess-They Live Sadly Cities

faithful customer, an immense
old woman, who read nothing
but books on loneliness. And
Still another who embarked on q
remarkable project: Reading
the big standard dictionary all
the way through.
(You see them in the bus sta
tions and the railroad termi-
mails and the all-night movie
houses. You see them early in
the afternoon nursing q beer
in the near-empty bars, hoping
that the bartender is in a con-
verSational mood and not toe
busy with other customers. You
see them late at night in the
deserted churches, lighting q
candle for the friends who are
gone and the long days ahead.
You see them wandering va
cant-eyed down strange new
streets, uprooted from the old
neighborhood In the name Of
progress. You see them feeding
the ducks In the park pond, or
maybe leaving q bit Of liver
wurst for q stray cat in an
alley. And then one day. you
don't see them anymore0
The lonely people in the
crowd.
Evening star., 1961-07-23

ton and demolition of hel
great buildings, the arrival an6
departure Of the big passenger
ships, the Softball games an6
band concerts in the park
feeding time at the zoo, the
chess matches in the play.
grounds, the rainy day treas
ures of the art galleries and
muSeums.)
You see them on rainy after
moons in the side street resi-
Dental hotels. The lobby lone
ly, swapping the proud little
perjuries that time has taught
them to believe.
("My daughter is always
begging me to come live with
them, but I wouldn't dream OF
butting in on her life and the
children's."
con Mothers Day he takes
me to a very expensive restau-
rant and, believe me, the sky's
the limit"
(The lonely seldom admit
they're lonely, There's seldom
anyone to admit it to-
Destined for POtter's Field
Last year the bodies Of 1000
adults went unclaimed at the
Bellevue morgue, the busiest of
several maintained by the city.
A few went to the medical COL
leges, but most Of them wound
up, in an unmarked grave on
Hart Island, the city's pot
ter'S Field"
Twice a week, on Tuesdays
and Thursdays, the bodies Of
the unclaimed dead are re-
moved from their refrigerated
Evening star., 1961-07-23
Mrs. Hemingway
Flying toCubo to
Discuss Estute

KETCHUM, Idaho, July 20
(AP) Mrs. Mary Hemingway,
widow Of author Ernest Hem
ingway, has left for Cuba,
where she said she will meet
with government officials to
discuss the handling Of Hem
ingway property.
There have been reports the
Cuban government planned to
turn the Hemingway villa. Fin
ca Vigia, near San Francisco
de Paula, into a national shrine.
Mrs. Hemingway recently
said they considered Cuba their
permanent home. There was no
indication if she planned to OBJ
tain the manuscript Of an un-
published novel which she con-
firmed Mr.. Hemingway had
written and left in q Cuban
bank vault.
Mrs. Hemingway said she
planned to return to Idaho in
a week or 10 days. She Travelled
by air.
She sent word to news
sources that she was making
the trip. The note was delivered
after she left.
Mr.. Hemingway, Nobel and
Pulitzer prize winning novelist
was killed by a shotgun blast in
the head at his home here
July 2. II
Evening star., 1961-07-23
Hurricane Anna
Neurs Nicaragua

MIAMI, Fla. July 20 (AP).-
Hurricane Anna bore down
on the Honduran-Nicaraguan
coast line today, showing her
100-mile-an-hour winds across
the Caribbean at about IS miles
an hour.
The hurrican at 6 pm. EDT
was about $50 miles eat-north-
eat Of Cape Gracias, Nicaragua
Miami's hurricane center
warned residents Of northeast
ern Nicaragua. and eastern
Honduras to brace for heavy
rains. high tides and winds by
tonight.
Hurricane Anna is forecast
to continue on a west-northwest
course at about the same speed
for the next 10 to "a hours.
The hurricane center said
small craft throughout the ex-
treme western Caribbean should
remain in safe harbor and all
shipping in the path of the
hurricane should exercise ex-
treme caution.
Evening star., 1961-07-23
Missile Sites
Group Urges
Wage Review

A presidential commission
yesterday issued q policy state
ment aimed at curbing ineffi-
cheney and excessive labor costs
In construction of missile and
space sites.
The Missile Sites Labor Com
mission recommended review
Of contracts to weed out any
provisions calling for "diScrimi-
natory" or unreasonable"
wages, benefits and working
conditions at missile and space
sites as compared to other con-
struction projects.
But the commission said 1t
recognizes that wages, benefits
and working conditions may
have to be higher than normal
to attract workers to some sites.
The commission said it is
conducting its own review Of
contracts at the request Of De-
tense Secretary Mcnamara.
Overtime work should be as
uniform as possible in any
given region, the commission
said, adding that the unions
and contractors should Coop
crate in assuring that sites
have adequate manpower.
President Kennedy eStab-
lished the 11-man commission.
headed by Labor Secretary
Goldberg, last May 26 in the
wake of congressional hearings
that produced testimony about
wage gouging and frequent
work Stoppages on missile sites.
Labor and management gave
the Government no-Strike, no
lockout pledges, and the COM
mission undertook to help set
tie disputes and to promote
economical operations.
Evening star., 1961-07-23

a few blocks Of the great white
way.
He was only one Of many.
There are thousands like him:
The lonely people of the BIG
cities. His story is repeated
endlessly in New York, Chicago,
in Philadelphia, in San Fran
cisco, in Cleveland, the big,
bustling cities where life be-
longs to the young and eager,
and a lonely death awaits the
old and the forsaken.
The years drop steadily from
the calendar, but the months,
the days, the hours drag on in
a monotony Of aimleSs wander
ing through the familiar streets
Of a busy ghost town.
Lonely People Of q Big City
The lonely people in the
crowd.
(You see them at supper
time in the downtown cafete-
rias, spooning out life'S remain
ing hours in dribletS Of pa
thetic ceremony. Only the
lonely know how to stretch a
meal to the brink of eternity.
Half an hour over the fruit
juice. Another half hour over
the soup and crackers. Another
half hour holding action
against the inevitabilivy Of re-
turning to the terrifying empti-
ness Of a rented room).
Not long ago in Jackson
Heights, one Of New York's
jam-packed apartment house
districts. an elderly man lay
down on the tracks Of the ele.
Evening star., 1961-07-23
Nkrumuh Fetes Reds
But Fails to Show

MOSCOW, July % (AP).-
Visiting President Kwame
Nkrumah Of Cana gave a re-
ception for the Soviet govern
ment today, but he didn't show
up and neither did anyone with
much rank from the Kremlin,
except Foreign Minister An
drei Gromyko.
Mr.. Nlrumah said he was
weary after Q 13-day. tour
around this big country, and
the Russians long ago told en-
basSies not to expect any big
wigs at weekend affairs.
Evening star., 1961-07-23

vaults at Bellevue, placed in
individual pine boxes and
prayed over by clergymen from
the major faiths. A van takes
them on the final journey to
the common grave that will
enfold them forever.
Every major city boasts at
least one last stronghold OF
the old aristocracy, but New
York's Plaza Hotel, across from
Central Park, it is an class by
itself.
On nights when the high So
ciety cotillions and debutante
balls are held in its ornate ball
rooms, the old Plaza throbs
with the excitement of a small
town high school graduation.
Long before the orchestra
strikes up the first gay waltz,
the overStuffed chairs in the
lobby are filled with dozens of
grand old men and naughty old
women, all permanent resi-
dents in the expensive suites,
come down to watch another
generation parade its grace and
beauty.
"a Years of Life in a Hotel
One of the Plaza's more dis
tinguished sojourners moved
into the hotel on the day it
opened in 1907. She died re-
Gently at the age of 103, was
vain about her hats OF the last
and always preferred gentle
men friends to ladies.
To the manner born, she
lived all her life among the
bluebloodS but at death left her
limousine to her chauffeur and
her jewelry to her secretary.
Evening star., 1961-07-23
BY JOHN A. MULLIGAN
Associated Press Writer

NEW YORK, July %. -
Hughie McCarron came to the
end Of his days in a familiar
ghost town.
His leonine old head held
high in proud defiance against
a changing world, he moved up
Eighth Ave. each morning on
the same solitary walk. Past
the crumbling tenements with
the boarded-up windows. Past
the rundown rooming houses
with the shades drawn dis
creetly on their aging vices.
Past the chill joint, the tattoo
parlor and the pizza palace.
Past the newsstand at the
corner Of 49th where he always
paused for a chat with Lenny
Mahan, the crippled newsdealer
who was the last Of his friends.
Past the big marquee jutting
out from the Stolid mass of
Madison Square Garden with
its promise Of crowd and ex-
element. Past a gaping hole
where a bulldozer dug into the
rubhle Of an old brownstone
that had housed some of his
closest cronies.
That was only yesterday, but
IN the quicksilver life of a big
city, 1t was long. long ago.
All his life, Hughie McCar-
ron fought against moving away
from the old neighborhood. He
never could bring himself to
realize that the old neighbor-
hood was moving away from
him; that each day the familiar
streets grew emptier Of the
faces he had known since boy
hood.
So when he died at 80 in the
loneliness Of q furnished room,
the only one to minister to him
was a man he hadn't spoken to
in Is years because Of some
dimly remembered petty griev-
ance.
His last trip across town, to
the morgue at Bellevue, was at
public expense in a city anbu-
lance. This too was ironic be-
cause Hughie McCarron was an
independent soul who had
worked hard In life and, at the
end, proudly scorned welfare
assistance.
A retired bookkeeper, he lived
as best he could on a pension
Of SIC q month and asked for
the charity Of no man.
No one bothered to claim the
estate. 1t consisted only Of a
$12 radio, a safety razor, one
pair Of bifocals, a set of false
teeth, two subway tokens and
a frayed but carefully brushed
overcoat.
No one bothered to claim the
body. Before Lenny Mahan and
the boys around the Garden
caught up with him, his re-
mains had been shipped to the
Cornell medical center for dis
section by medical students.
In a city Of 7,781,984 people,
In the rush and roar Of the
worlds most exciting metropo-
lis. Hughie McCarron had led a
lonely life; a stranger in the
midst Of millions, a lost soul
shrinking into oblivion within
Evening star., 1961-07-23

There was no one eleSe to leave
1t to.
You see them o nthe lawns
and porcheS Of the nursing
homes, on the balconies Of the
old folks home. watching and
waiting for the friends who will
never come. In New York, many
Of the oldsters finish out their
days at the Bird s.. Coler Home
on Welfare Island. Farewell
Island" the patients call it be-
cause they know the next stor
is the grave.
Only the lonely know what
it's like to spend years, some
times decades on q tiny island
in the East River, In full view
Of Manhattan's teeming con-
crete canyons, and never have
q visitor.
In his 10 years as chaplain
on Welfare Island, Father Jo-
seph MCGOWAN, a gentle, silver
haired old Jesuit, has sympath-
lied often with. the two re-
curing Nightmares Of his dy-
ing flock:
They dread being buried In
Potter's Field, and even more
than that they dread having
their body sent to a medical
college. Half Of them on this
island never expected to come
to this kind of an end"
Twelve years ago Father
MCGOWAN started st. JoSeph's
burial fund to provide q dig
nified burial In consecrated
ground for many Of his iYaii-
gent parishioners. He has since
buried more than 1000, most
Catholics but quite a few from
other faiths, and carefully re-
corded each name in O little
black ledger.
Father McGowan's Book Of
the Dead" includes the name
OF one lovely old lady" who
spent rs years on the island
and never had a visitor. "She
put up her hair each day and
put on her very best dress, as
If she were expecting q dear
friend to come through the door
at any moment. I used to tell
her any man would be proud to
be her lover"
He remembers another wo-
man who sat on q bench by the
river day after day, repeating
over and over: ''I have IL chill.
dren and here I en-"
The Lonely Are Everywhere
(You see them on winter af.
ternoons in the reading rooms
OF the public libraries, where
the atmosphere is warm and
cozy, the chairs big and COM
Portable, and where there's al
ways someone around to share
a sigh for the romances of
Faith Baldwin and Joseph c.
Lincoln. Only the lonely have
really savored the companion
ship Of books, the vicariouS
thrills Of far away places and
eternally happy endings.)
At the big New York Public
Library on Fifth ave., the girls
at the information desk fondly
recall one elderly gentleman
who came faithfully each day
to feed the pigeons on the broad
front steps.
They remember another
Evening star., 1961-07-23

waited railway to die. He hac
$4,000 in the bank, he told the
officer who thwarted his plans
and didn't know q soul in the
entire city.
Last year the public admin
istrator in Manhattan pad
locked the homes, the apart
ments, the flats, the furnished
rooms of 5000 New YorkerS
who had died unattended and
without known heirs.
Relatives eventually came
forth to claim the estates OF
all except 500 Of these. The
average estate was slightly
under $4,000, mostly in life in
surance. Just enough to pay
the funeral expenses, satisfy
the back bills and perhaps Sc
cure a headstone.
Pinching Pension Pennies
Like Hughie McCarron, the
lonely stayed on in the old
neighborhood, eating their
lonely meals amid the clatter
Of a crowded cafeteria, nursing
their pension pennies along
with their memories, waiting
for a time when time would no
longer be a burden.
(You see them summing them
selves on the benches in the
park, or feeding the pigeons in
q public square. You see them
lowering over the excavation
sites, hypnotized by Manhat-
tan'S maddeSt melody, the
ceaseless clamor Of the jack
hammers and riveting guns.
Only the lonely have a practi-
cal knowledge Of a great city'S
free attractions. the constf1Ic.