davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-20
MIRROR OF THE MAN
Lyndon Johnson In Profile

HE made a lot of enemies in
the. campaign" said another
Texan, "but they were people
lwho deserved to be enemies"
Close friends think one prob
Hem Of his new office may be
the formal entertaining. For a
fastidious dresser, he abhors
formal wear and any affected
or artificial atmosphere.
He prefers sessions with
CLOSE friends and relaxing on
1.-THE ranch. listening to piped
out Hi-Fia in the tree by the
pool. He and Lady Bird are
fond Of conducting tours to see
the deer in their air-condi-
toned. two-way phone cars,
going 95 miles per hour, with
Lyndon believing in the voice
the Senate seldom hears, Deer
at 10 o'clock"
Mr.. Johnson's ambition for
work and power gives him few
such moments: 1t seems he was
headed for the Hill from birth.
| Senator" From Beginning
He and every biographical
writer in the country are fond
of saying that when he was
born his grandfather Sam Ealy
johnson, q member Of the
Texas Legislature as was his
father, rushed out. and said,
"a U. s. Senator was born to-
day"
From then on-except for a
brief period after high school
when he lost interest in a
career and worked as q hasher,
elevator operator and tractor
driver-it was q steady move
to Washington.
There was Lyndon the cam
pus politician at Southwest
Texas State Teachers College
and then the secretary for a
Texas Congressman.
A yellowed paper dated April
10. 1887. tells Of his election to
Congress and eleven years later
another article tells the same
thing about becoming a 6ena-
tor. He became the youngest
majority leader at a.
You Just can't separate Lyn-
don's private and political
life. All conversations, books,
Thoughts get back to politics, 1"
said a colleague. who remem-
bered the classic Joke about
someone mentioning Lana
Turner to the politically OBJ
sessed Lyndon who replied,
who's Lana Turner?"
when ! look at Senator
Fulhtight. I see q scholar, a
professor, When I look at
Richard Russell / see q gentle
man farmer" continued his
colleague.
But when I look at Lyndon
I see "a politician. He wants to
dominate and his burning Inn
patience and ambition. But It's
ambition within a framework
of reality. That's why he didn't
suffer a psychological block
when he didn't get. President.
He Jtst eooIy inoveN into.
the next best spot. And he
plans to brand 1t forever with
LBJ."
Evening star., 1961-01-20

isms as he listens to people. HI
does doodle--no. LBJ,s-jus
squiggly lines and retracing o!
notes.
This man wants things don't
completely. correctly and yes
terday and he can be harsh
impatient. demanding. Obsesset
with work. 1t is incredible II
him that anyone can let things
slide.
! Staff Is Loyal
His driven, well-paid staff
remains loyal. It is q rare day
when one will jest, as one die
during the campaign, to q re.
porter. The reporter. noticing
Mr.. Johnson's personal serv.
ants. asked how Mr.. johnson
treated them, The staff mem.
Der said, HE doesn't treat
them any more mentally thar
he does u.s."
Mr.. johnson doesn't let any.
one speak for him. stakes q
claim on the last word" for.
got all about cant" years age
and has contempt for those
who use 1t.
Generous, kind and loyal to
friends. he demands 1t in re-
turn. If someone blunders. they
know it soon. but If Mr.. john
son makes a mistake In. judg-
ment he let's the person know
A former three-pack-a-day
man. he gave up smoking after
his heart attack. He drinks
Sanka and gets out Of it what
most people do out Of coffee
An occasional Scotch-and-soda
drinker, Mr.. johnson rarely
touches wine, prefers simple but
highly seasoned food like chilli,
hash, tomato juice hot with
Worcestershire sauce.
If displeased with food, he'll
phrase it quietly but wither-
ingly, such as, to a waiter. you
certainly went out Of your way
to find me some tasteless Gus
tard this time"
Without pretense as an intel
lectual or scholar, he Is fond oi
honey, Texas phrases and
shrewdly realizes their disarm-
ing worth.
With pride Of ownership
much Of what Is his is branded
with LBJ-his wife. his chill
dren Lynda Bird and Lucy
Baines) his dog little Beagle),
his cuff links, the ranch, the
flag at the ranch, the honey
jars ct the ranch.
When he's engry his voice
gets softer and softer and hi
manipulates 1t as well Rs, he
does people. q ~ - ! Y
He'd have made q wonder
full actor" say many, no stag
gering comment when said OF
any politician, particularly
Lyndon. In off the record press
conversations which the gre
garious MFR. Johnson was fond
Of in the campaign, he can be
witty and will tell anecdotes,
but not jokes. which he can't
remember.
When someone disagrees with
him, politically or personally,
he prefers to try to win some
one back In the fold rather
than hold grudges.
Evening star., 1961-01-20

Slightly bulbous nose before
turning to other things.
Mr.. johnson awakens early
often conducts business from 9
bedside phone for two hours
His staff prays he has a good
nights sleep because, If not
there's a long list Of things tc
do jotted down during the
might.
An inexhaustible man, after
his heart attack in 1855 q ply
sician said he should "at least
slow down and live q 4S-hour-
day instead Of q 72-hour one. "
He sees no reason why 9TH
ers can't share this zest and
an early hour jangle which
awakens aides. Senators anc
other colleagues is often not
the alarm clock. but Lyndon
lon the phone.
i He dresses for work in the
northwest section home the
Johnsons have outgrown.
cThis new job has nothing to
do. with 1t. We've lived here 1o
years and just outgrown it.
There's no place for clothes;
trunks are still unpacked from
Texas" says Lady Bird.)
Loves His Boots
Mr.. Johnson's favorite ap-
parel, according to his wife,
are riding boots he slips on for
comfort like other men do
slippers. The monogrammed
silk shirts, custom -made blue
or grey suits, monogrammed
gold or silver Texas-Shaped
cuff links are part Of q man
extremely conscious Of ap-
pearance.
He once called In his aides,
re-knotted their ties and
showed how he ties his tie
once and for all. At night, he
carefully unloosens it and slips
| 1t over his head so it's already
tied the next morning.
In the plush aquamarine
"Johnson's Parlor" off the
Senate floor. Mr.. Johnson and
his telephone seem one as he
switches back and forth on
four extensions. talking with
people four at Q time.
He dictates faster than
anyone I know" said an aide.
Hell put two stenographers
in front Of him and dictate,
first to one, then to the other. +"
Mr.. johnson tells his aides
what he wants to say in q
speech. they write it down, he
heavily edits, they retype it
on cards. Just before a speech,
he jots notes, unreadable to
anyone else. with the heavy,
almost brush-thick felt pen he
always uses.
He eats lunch. mostly ham,
burgers. in the office he shares
with an almost completed bust
Of himself. Begun two years
ago. it sits in the window, an
oil cloth draped over it. The
artist has found perpetual
motion doesn't pose easily.
In this room with its con-
ference table, chairs, shower,
and huge mirror, Mr.. johnson
will slouch in a chair. play
with q letter opener, but give
few outside nervous manner
Evening star., 1961-01-20
BY MYRA MACPHERSON
star stan Writer


star stan Writer
It was another era wher
VIII Rogers quipped 81 am moi
o member OF any organized
political party. ! am q Demo
crat,"
For one thing, 1t was an era
without the new Vice President
Lyndon Baines johnson, the
man of specifics. detail, or
ganization.
For eight years. this ma
neuvering.' controlling Casey
Stengel Of Congress knew who
was on first, whom to strike
out, put In as pitcher, or walk.
The stories about 52-year-old
Mr.. Johnson--his, vanity, ego,
love Of gadgets, persuasive
powers, quick mind, cunning,
capacity for work-are nearly
as tall as the 6-foot-3 Vice
President himself.
His wife and one Of his
closest aides both point out q
major characteristic Is his eye
for specifics.
Something that seems to
escape Q lot Of people is he can
take q difficult, involved sub
ject and describe it in one
sentence" said Mrs. johnson,
A. staff member said, Every
thing has to come right to the
point. If you say. Mr.. johnson,
they say John Doe Is > he'll
stop you with who's they?'".
He continues in this pattern,
mentally boiling down when
he reads (which is not as often
as he talks or listens to others)
or hears facts.
An Eye For Detail
But it isn't merely specifics
Of big issues that absorb him.
Fanatic over the smallest de-
tails, he constantly jacks up q
harried staff with his concern
for what seems trivial.
During the campaign. hasty
phone calls to the next town
made sure the speakers podium
was So inches high. Exactly. II
they didn't come that way, they
had to be built UP or down un-
til they did.
And he insisted that musi-
clans begin "The Yellow Rose
Of Texas not 10 or 9 seconds
after he finished speaking. but
Immediately.
One morning - even while
rushing to a waiting car and
office filled with bigger mat
ters-he stopped to tell q maid
to put a roll-away bed or two
in that room" for Inaugural
visitors.
These days Mr.. johnson is q
svelte tornado propelling him
self down the Capitol corridors,
the persuasive arm around
someone about to be persuaded.
He goes up and down from 185
pounds to 2t5 pounds: gained
during the campaign. lost later.
Since the campaign he has
played hide-and-seek with the
press. When a meeting is fl
nally accomplished he gives a
softly drawled Hello. nice to
see you.r a hand shake, q blast
Of the personal. blinking gaze
from eyes set above a large,
Evening star., 1961-10-30
US. PLANNING
Job Race Drive
Among Unions
BY the Associated Press

A drive to persuade labor
unions to adopt equality of op-
portunity has been unveiled by
Jerry Holleman. Assistant Sec
retary Of Labor.
But, Mr.. Holleman told a
local chapter of the National
Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People here
yesterday that doesn't mean
the Government is trying to
aid one racial group at the
expense Of another.
He noted that the Bricklay-
ers and the International
Brotherhood of Electrical !
Workers-both AFL-CIO build
ing trades unions - have
adopted codes prohibiting job
discrimination for reasons of
race, creed or color. Other
unions are being asked to do
the same, Mr.. Holleman said,
but added:
Our influence over labor
union practices rests almost
entirely on our ability to per-
suade. to encourage. to negoti-
ate. We are fully aware that
discrimination exists in some
unions; and we are undertak-
ing to do something about it"
BY contrast. Mr.. Holleman
said. the Government carries "a
pretty big stick" when it comes
to discrimination by employers.
He said nine of the Nations so
largest defense contractors have
signed plans for progress" in
which they commit themselves
Evening star., 1961-10-30

entity the other top decision
makers in the administration
believe the critics on both sides
are wrong.
In the first place. the plans
are flexible. If more divisions
are needed in Europe they will
be sent. BY the end Of this year
there will be six regular and
two reserve divisions ready
to go on minutes notice.
If they are not needed. then
more troops on the scene would
be wasted. Pentagon officials
say defense spending may rise
well above $50 billion in COM
ing years. under the later
Eisenhower years the figure
hovered around $40 billionO
Under existing circumstances.
Mr.. Mcnamara believes, the
taxpayers could not get their
moneys worth out of subStan-
TALLY more spending.
Allies PrOdded
Administration spokesmen
say also that the allies are do
ing we'll in NATO now but that
they are trying to get them to
do better. Europeans will prob
ably produce another half doz-
en- divisions for NATo in the
next two years. Domestic Euro
pean politics will hardly permit
more. it is argued. under fore
seeable circumstances.
The conventional buildup is
sue is not yet settled. 1t will be
reviewed again and again by
this administration. according
to Mr.. Mcnamara, and force
levels. both nuclear and nom
nuclear, will be made sufficient
to meet any emergency.
But the non-nuclear arms
proponents believe it may take
some further outrages from the
Russians to get the buildup
back on the right track.
Evening star., 1961-10-30
INTERPRETIVE REPORT

reserve force. The exact figure
would depend on various pos
sible future circumstances.
Most important, the big
buildup forces say. their basic
thesis of conventional defense
has not been accepted. They
believe that the allies must have
enough troops available in Eu-
rope and elsewhere to push any
Communist attack back with
out using nuclear weapons, pro-
vided, Of course, the enemy
does not use them. This would
require that the ground and air
forces keep and improve their
nuclear capability for large and
small wars but use it only If
the enemy uses his.
Fear Defeat without Fight
The reasoning is that If we
cannot repel the enemy without
nuclear weapons, and If we be-
lieve nuclear war could be fatal
to US and our allies, then we
will accept small Communist
pressures rather than fight. In
the long run the small pressures
could add up to a cold war VIC
tory for the Reds.
But if the allies can hold
without nuclear weapons we
will be more ready to fight for
our interests. If the en- emy
understood this, he would not
try even small nibbles, they
believe.
Those who feel the buildup
has gone too far already say it
is insignificant militarily and
harmful automatically.
The allies have always had a
substantial non-nuclear force
in Europe and a strategy based
on use of nuclear weapons only
when necessary to repel a mas
sive attack. The buildup. the
argument goes, is costly. yet it
only postpones slightly the time
when the defense must shift to
A-bombs.
Worse yet, it is said, the
buildup not only has failed to
inspire the allies to redouble
their efforts, but 1t seems to
have convinced some allies that
the inadequate" conventional
reinforcement may mean that
the United States is less serious
about fighting with either nu-
clear or non-nuclear weapons.
A-BOmb Defense Backed
Some European officials in
terpret the buildup to indicate
that the Kennedy administra-
tion is less willing than the
last one to defend Europe with
nuclear weapons. They argue
that Europe cannot be de-
Tended without the prompt use
Of A-bombs.
Mr.. McNamara-and appar-
Evening star., 1961-10-30
Forces BuiIduP Sparks
Sway Defense Debate
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
star staff Writer

A three-way debate is shap-
ing up in the Pentagon over the
adequacy of the non-nuclear
military buildup Sparked by the
Berlin crisis.
Some Army officers and ci-
william officials in the Defense
and State Departments fear
that the buildup is stopping
far short of what is necessary.
On the other hand, elements
of the Air Force and Navy
agree with some officers at
NATO headquarters in Paris
that the buildup has been dan
gerously large.
And in the middle, Secretary
of Defense Mcnamara and the
administration believe the
buildup is adequate to the oc-
casion and can be increased If
the crisis grows worse.
Since the buildup was an
nounced by President Kennedy
in August, about 325,00 men
have been added to the armed
forces. More than $4,000 men
have been sent to reinforce
American units in Europe. And
the allies. too, are increasing
their strength.
Here are the positions of the
three sides-starting with the
group that believes the ad-
ministration is falling short:
These people like what has
been done so far. In fact they
helped with the plans. They
concede that the buildup has
been substantial. But they be-
lieve the administration and
the NATO allies should add a
great deal more to conven-
tional (non-nuclear) forces in
Europe.
Urge Regular Status
They regret that the ad-
ministration seems to view the
conventional troop and weapon
increase as largely temporary.
Future budget projections in
dicate that most Of the men
added this year will be taken
away again when the cold war
returns to normal.
The advocates Of a substan-
tial non-nuclear buildup say
that not only should several
hundred thousand more men
be added, but that they should
be regulars-not just reservists
called for the duration of a
crisis. The reasoning is that
the reservistS cannot be called
up and discharged once a year
to meet each Communist-man-
ufactured crisis. Only regulars
can carry the steady burden.
These people fear that no
divisional units will be sent to
Europe. The United States now
has five divisions plus large
supporting forces in Central
Europe. The buildup plan con-
templates sending another four,
six or even more If the crisis
worsens.
But Soviet Premier Khru-
shchev has softened his stand
on Berlin somewhat - enough,
the critics fear, to take the
steam out Of plans to send
more divisions.
Disappointed by Allies
The buildup of other NATO
allies has been disappointing
to this group.
Germany is speeding up its
formation Of a 12-division
army. but is spending about
half the percentage of its gross
national product that Britain
and France spend on defense.
France has brought two under
strength divisions back from
Algeria. but for internal politi-
cal reasons. Britain has added
a few thousand troops.
Today the central front has
a strength Of more than 81 di-
visions according to the head
quarters Of Gen. Lauris Nor
stad, allied commander in Eu.
rope. A satisfactory" buildur
might be to 30. 40 or so di.
visions. plus a large and gooc
Evening star., 1961-10-30

to provide employment on an
equal basis.
He also noted that that 1t
Evening star., 1961-10-30

may appear the Negro worker
is being favored over white en-
ployes.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01

thank the contributors for their
support of the UGF campaign last
fall, and to show one instance of
the kind of service their gifts made
possible.)
A boy nine years old, who was
born in the country, came with his
family to the city of Jackson about
four years ago. Before leaving the
place of his birth, he received Sc
we're burns about the face and legs
to the extent of disfiguring his IA
cial features permanently.
His appearance caused the boy
to become very insecure in the pres
ence of strangers. When he first
visited the Parish Street Branch
YMCA "a United Givers Fund
agency, he would not talk to any,
one, not even after being asked a
question. He was quite shy and
timid.
Our staff tried many ways to get
to know the boy better. 1t took
some time but after a while the
boy became friendly with the men,
bers of our staff, and it was then
that progress was started.
The boy learned to participate
with others in recreational activi-
ties. From then until now, he has
continued to make progress.
Public support of the annual
United Givers Fund campaign
made it possible for this boy to
have better chance at a normal
and productive life.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01

Recent changes in social security
let more people collect some pay
ments each year even though they
keep on working. There are about
a million Americans who could
benefit from these changes who
have not yet applied.
Mr.. Pate said that no payments
can be paid until claim is filed.
Delay in doing so may cause a
loss of some payments. Any per-
son of retirement age who is still
working is urged to call at his
nearest district office to find out
how the recent changes affect him.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01
Negroes Jerred -.

Continued from Page One)
in front of the private, segregated
park, but four or five white per-
sons were arrested.
Nearly 80 Negroes had been ar
rested at the amusement park ear
lier in the day when police said
they blocked an entrance during q
demonstration.
One white youth scuffled with
police and had to be handcuffed to
be led away.
The crowd, estimated at about
800, stood across the street from
the park entrance and jeered at the
Negroes picketing.
| During one period, some Of the
whites threw rocks and eggs. One
egg repeatedly hit Frank Stanley,
Jr., co-chairman Of the Negro
steering committee.
Mr.. Stanley told newsmen that
the demonstrations would continue
despite the situation that arose
Monday night.
After a time, the Negroes quit
marching and stood in group at
! one side Of the entrance.
In all there were 20 Louisville
police officers at the scene, includ-
ing Police Chief William Bindner.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01

ing among delegates to the Con-
gress that attempts by dissenting
factions were being made to weak
en- his position in the Congress.
81 don't have anything to say
about that" DR.. King said reveal
ing evident surprise. 81 don't know
anything about that"
DR.. King has disagreed sharply
with statements made Tuesday by
DR.. ]. H. Jackson. president of
the National Baptist Convention,
USA, Inc. Both DR.. King and DR.
Jackson are attending the Sunday
School Congress.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01
William c.
Continued from Page One

Continued from Page One)
agricultural engineering technol-
ogy.
His doctoral thesis was concern.
ed with correlation analysis of
completeness needed by Mississip-
pi vocational agricultural teach
ers in agricultural engineering
technology.
He is member of the Mis-
sissippi Teachers Association,
American Vocational Association,
Interregional Conference of Teach
er Trainers and Supervisors in
Agricultural Education, Phi Beta
Sigma Fraternity, Phi Delta Kap-
pa Honorary Society, AAVP, past
president of the sixth Educational
District Association. Macedonia NJ.
B. Church, Collins, Mississippi,
and is a 80 degree Mason.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-07-01

inquiring reporter while laughing
heartily, has been widely acclaimed
for his two-page THE ]. H. JACK.
SON PLAN FOR RACIAL SELF
HELP, which was unanimously
adopted as the farm aid plan OF
the NBC, USA, Inc, last January
10Th. In it, he urges Negroes to
spend more time and energy and
money, building for ourselves a
more basic and permanent place in
the economic life of this country"
The Chicago minister said that the
needs brought about by the Fayette
County, Tenn, evicted farmers
partly aided the development of
his plan.
DR.. Jackson is also vice presi-
dent of the Baptist World Alliance.
Having been president of the NBC
for seven years, for 20 years he
has been active pastor of Olivette
Baptist Church, located at 31st and
South Park in Chicago.
When questioned about DR.. Gard
ner C. Taylor's controversial con-
test for the presidency of the NBC,
DR.. Jackson said:
81 never discuss him. My inter-
est alone is in serving the people
of the NBC. But l will say" he
went on to add, 81 have never re-
sorted to unfair methods in becom-
ing president: I never bribed any
one with $4,000. l never resorted
to any un-Christian act in becom-
ing a leader"
Ministers and prophets have his
torically been those "who have
come to turn the world upside
down." said DR.. Jackson, calling on
Baptists to lead in the struggle
for first-class citizenship for Ne
groes.
He also warned that the church
must not be used as a rubber
stamp for every method employed
in the name of Democracy and
freedom" But he recommended
that all methods be tried and tested
q. by the spirit and ethics OF
Jesus"