davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-08-04
Russia and the Common Market

common market plan. Nor
way and Denmark will seek
full membership, so it may
be that Sweden will find it
hard to satisfy the demands
of Russia.
The Soviets, on the other
hand, it is pointed out by
some economists, have always
respected strength, especially
in the economic field, and,
if their propaganda tactics
fail, they may suddenly de-
eide to try to make a deal
with the big common market
operation. The merger of the
two common markets appears
to be the only development
that promises to create a
counterWeight against Soviet
dominance in Europe. Faced
by this fact, Moscow may well
try to come to terms with the
group in order to get the
heavy machinery and equip
ment, as well as consumer
goods, it will need to carry
out Soviet economic -expan-
sion plans.
Economic strength, to be
sure, sooner or later spells
political power. That's why,
incidentally, the Scandina-
Wan governments would like
to see the political aspects
Soft-pedaled at this time and
only the economic factors
stressed as the enlarged COM
mon market organization
takes in new members and
plans its future. This is one
of the main reasons for the
conference within the past
"a hours of the prime min
listers of Norway, Sweden and
Denmark. The fact is that,
in the long run, if there is
economic unity and economic
prosperity, political strength
will inevitably follow anyhow.
1t could even be that at
some future time a sensible
premier in Moscow will him.
self be applying for member
ship in the European common
market. He might discover
that some of the ohjectiveS
of the Communist 20-year
plan would have more chance
of attainment during an era
when armament spending is
curtailed, and political crises
are not chronic, than under
the dangerous conditions that
prevail internationally today.
Copyright. 196D
Evening star., 1961-08-04
DORIS FLEEsON
Two Cities and u. S. Policy

Another difficult coinci-
dence is that debate on the
foreign aid bill will be in
process. This means that
Senators and Congressman
who already have doubts
about foreign aid will be to
an unusual degree looking
over the Rusk-Dillon should
ers for such justification or
lack of it they can discern.
At this point. no compe-
tent judge here will admit to
optimism or pessimism about
what the two Secretaries can
achieve. At the very least,
their laborS should enable
them to determine for the
information of the President
and the country what can be
expected in the way of sup
port for the United States
position and plans.
The President is privately
much criticized as lacking a
foreign policy. Perhaps he
has been waiting on some
such assessments of the facts
and the Showdowns which
are about to take place.
United Nations Ambassa-
dor Stevenson will not be
thrown into either of these
cockpitS. His ordeal starts
next month, and he already
knows it will be a harsh one.
Evening star., 1961-08-04

governments and help them
to reduce the danger of Cas-
tro-style revolutions which
persuade the poor that their
only hope lies in violence.
Mr.. Dillon has been warned
that he may find himself fac
ing Mr.. Castro in person,
though official word is still
that only a delegation will
be sent from Havana. Should
the bearded dictator appear,
the dignified banker might
well steal the headlines from
the European sessions.
Even before the latest hi
jacking episode, the admin
iStration found it difficult to
keep Cuba in perspective. 1t is
close; the fiasco of last spring
is not the less humiliating
because of the passage of
time, and Castro is per-
sonally offensive.
All this appears clearly in
the angry outburstS in the
House which came even be-
fore all the facts of Ell Paso
were in. AS a curtain-raiser
for the Montevideo confer
ence, the whole affair could
not be more unwelcome.
Evening star., 1961-08-04
POTOMAC FEVER
By Pete Wymo
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

The moral of the day to be that you can hack
plane in the United States but you'd better not try it
Texas
Congress rushes billions for defense. Democrats
determined to stand firm inside Berln-and outside
Havana.
Sad days for the British They'll have go shopping
EuropeS market the old days everything
bench-made and delivered from the Punjab.
When Kennedy picks up the phone and hears Hi Jack"
he's not it's Bobby wishing him weor Edgar Hoover
reporting loss of another airlner
Thirtytwo is the ideal age Old enough to know what
you're doing-and young enough to do it anyway.
Treasury Dillon heads 42-man delegation to
conference in Uruguay Bring that outfit up strength
with couple of repacements- it could invade Cuba
Evening star., 1961-08-04
Italians Cold Talk to Soviet Dictator
Called Real Heroisn1 in u. S. View
WILLIAM S. WHITE

HeroiSm has on the whole
gone out in these days of
massive alliances and counter
alliances, in which vast blocs
of peoples" utterly over
shadow people just as individ-
ual people.
Still, a singular hero, one
man standing out erect
against the great collective
backdrop Of the cold war,
does now and then raise his
unterrified head.
Such a man is Amintore
Fanfani, the Premier of Italy.
He has taken his stand,
moreover, from a power base
that is very small in a coun-
try that has borne many hard
times. And that country will
almost certainly be crushed
like a bit of unnoticed garden
under the wheels of tanks if
the giants, the United States
and the Soviet Union, ever
actually come to war.
In his Moscow confronta-
tion with Nikita KhruShchev,
Signor Fanfani has not only
taken a line of honorable
toughnesS and determination
unexcelled by Allied COL
leagues from incomparably
more powerful countries. It
is not only that he took off
his coat, in figurative and
literal bluntnesS, at the mo-
ment Mr.. Khrushchev took
off his own coat.
1t is not only that he told
Mr., Khrushchev. plainly and
face to face, that Signor Fan
FAM and Italy were staying
with the West, come what
might. And it is not only
that he coolly advised Mr..
Khrushchev to look into his
own purposes and mind if he
really wanted to avoid war
over Berlin.
This meeting was far more
than all this. 1t was an ach-
Evening star., 1961-08-04

ingly apt tableau of the diff
ferences between West and
East, as perfectly symbolized
by these two men and all
they have and are.
Here, standing up" all the
way to the head of the i'm
mense, brooding hulk that
is international communism,
was an exact personification
of what we mean by a phrase
some do not use anymore in
this time of machines and
monoliths. The phrase is
Western civilization"
The long story of that civ
iliZation would be a shorter
and a poorer story, indeed.
but for Rome-whether one
thinks of Rome" as the
cradle of Christian faith or
simply as the universal cap
ital of the finest works, in
art, in architecture, in the
good life in general, which
that world has ever known.
Here was Western Man, the
heir to centuries of fairness,
of free government, con-
fronting Eastern Man, the
symbol of a politics of bru-
tality in a place of faceless
men without pride in past or
hope for future except for
what might come from a
frowning and Shuttered thing
called the Soviet state.
The Westerner, Signor
Fanfani, has come from a
land which has the largest
Communist minority within
any country of the free world.
1t is a minority nevertheless
allowed, because Mr.. Fanfani
and Italy really believe in
freedom to dissent, to go on
not only uncurbed but also
INHALED.
The Fastener, Mr.. Khru-
Shchev, is troubled by no
minority. Nor is he hampered
by the memories of far more
Evening star., 1961-08-04
Stevenson Report and Warning on Reds
In Peru Called Ominous News

tributed that though Lima
cher capitaD possesses homes
of unsurpassed luxury and
cultivation, away in the
Andean Sierra millions of
Indians are on the verge of
starvation, and 10 per cent
of Peru's Indian babies, poor
little unfortunates. are said
to die before their second
birthday.
Peru" he continued,
presents all the stock symp-
toms of reaction; absentee
landlords, enormous semi
feudal estates, widespread
illiteracy, political irresponsi-
bility, intricate meshworkS
Of financial interest, Snob-
berry, sophiStry, indulgence,
ostentation. For genera
tions Lima was as effectively
insulated against her bleak
hinterland as ever was old
st. Petersburg. But misery
has crept up on her, the
pennileSs Indians and half
castles have swarmed in from
the countryside, and today,
to the impressionable for
eigner, if not to the leggy
girls on the society pages, it
is no longer the grand old
churches or the jacaranda
gardens that express the
meaning of Lima, but the
Slums at the back of your
mind"
Peru, as Mr.. Morris reports
in detail, is one of the more
advanced countries of South
America. Its new leadership
has made very real progress.
There are new industries.
The political leadership is
perhaps the most enlight-
ened in Peru'S history. There
are many projects to relieve
unemployment. There is no
feeling of hopelessneSs in
Peru. On the contrary, she
is making progress in DEM
ocratic evolution.
But the slumS are there.
And so is the press of grow
ing population. Pressure of
people is not merely Peru's
problem. 1t is, in less degree,
our own. 1t will be, in time.
Evening star., 1961-08-04
DAVID LAWRENCE

IN EUROPE - What does
Russia think of the common
market" idea? What effect
will Britain's decision to work
closely with the continental
countries have on Moscow?
What impact will it have on
the satellite countries which
are left isolated as they see
their former associates in Eu-
rope moving toward a strong
er and stronger economic
position?
These questions are even
more important today here
in Europe than the special
problems that Britain faces
with her commonwealth as
sociateS, or the dilemma con-
fronting Sweden and Finland,
which dislike to become en-
tangled in any kind of politi-
cal union that might be re-
sented by the Soviets. Neither
country has joined NATO.
Is Moscow, however, ire
concilably opposed to the en-
larged common market plan?
While hostile propaganda
against it continues over the
air waves, the Russians have
never pinpointed their objec-
tionS except from the politi-
cal viewpoint. In fact, it is
conceivable that in the long
run the Soviets may find a
united economic entity in the
Western part of Europe easier
to deal with than the present
Setup of two rival organiza-
tionS.
For the moment, Moscow
keeps hammering away that
Britain, in joining the Euro
pean Economic Community,
is making mistake and is
diminishing her influence in
Europe. But these tactics are
obviously designed to embar-
rass, if not discourage, the
whole common market move
ment. The Communists are
well aware that the European
Economic Community is des-
tined to develop successfully,
and hence it may well be
that, when the new organiza-
tion finally gets firmly estab-
lished, the Moscow policy will
be changed to one of friendli-
ness. instead of hostility. IN
deed, there may come a time
when the SovietS will be
maneuvering to build up more
Evening star., 1961-08-04
RALPH McGILL
UNITED NATIONS, N Y

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.
-Adlai Stevenson, travelling
recently across Latin America
in serious conferences with
concerned leaders, came back
to say in his official report,
just released, that the threat
of Castro-communism is real.
1t thrives, he said, ION
urban slum conditions and
rural insecurity. The poor in
the cities and the country
side, who are no longer
passive politically, must see
reasons for hope in life under
free institutions the
attraction for Castro-com-
muniSm is for ordinary people
who want action-aS opposed
to fine words-on problems
they feel in their flesh and
bones. Democracy must
be given meaning to offset
the support for Premier
Castro which grows out Of
the belief of many Latins
that the Cuban peasant has
acquired his place in the
SUM-"
These we're, in brief, the
conclusions of a troubled,
sensitive, intelligent man.
It so happened that in the
days reading which included
Ambassador Stevenson's re-
port was copy of the Man
chester Guardian. 1t included
an article on Peru by their
brilliant reporter, James
Morris. A couple of his para
graphs will illuminate the
Stevenson analysis. Mr.. Nor
riS wrote:
Peru offers an almost
classic example of a revolu-
tionary situation. She is
effectively dominated, for all
her political permutations,
by a small oligarchy-some
observers define it as the 2
per cent of her II million
people who control all the
wealth, others reduce it to
the 25 supreme families of
her social hierarchy. Her
upper classes are Spanish, or
mainly so, her proletariat is
predominantly Indian. Her
well-being is so unevenly dis
Evening star., 1961-08-04
Soviet Criticizes 1t Now, but Is Expected
Eventually to Come to Terms

trade for the satellite coun-
tries as we'll as for themselves.
The Soviets are well aware
Of the fact that a conSol-
idated market in Western
Europe comprising 800 mil
lion people means a huge in
duStrial capacity and rapid
progress in living standards,
along with improvements in
social conditions. Despite all
the utopian promises in the
new 20 year Communist
Party program, the fact re-
mains that the peoples of
East Germany, Poland,
Czechoslovakia and the other
satellite countries in Eastern
Europe will be hearing every
day of the realistic growth of
the Western countries. News
like this travels across in
ternational boundaries de-
spite censorship of the press
and radio. In a political sense.
therefore, the Russians have
much to fear and, if they
find they cannot really block
the movement, they may in
the long run try to associ-
ate themselves indirectly
with it.
Russia even gave permis-
sion to Finland within the
last two years to join the
European Free Trade ASsoci-
ation-known as "The Seven"
as an associate member"
and offered no objection to
Sweden'S action in becom-
ing a full-fledged member.
Nor was any effort made by
Moscow to stop Austria from
joining. This does not mean
that the Soviets acquiesce in
everything The Seven" have
done. In fact, the Russians
demanded of the organiza-
ton that the so-called most
favored nation treatment"
be granted on certain ex-
ports which are part of the
SovietS' trade arrangements
with all Western countries.
Britain and other countries
objected. Only Finland paid
heed to the Russian request.
The Russians are not likely,
of course, to abandon right
away their efforts to cause
embarrassment. They are
already trying to persuade
Sweden to take only a limited
participation in the enlarged
Evening star., 1961-02-19

1000 Susie z
1880 Burns and Allen -
ll,30-Bob Cummings Show -
PM. Mond0v-FridGy
3,3o-Bvddy Dsons Show - -
A,3o-Psss the PiFote "
A:S5-Fvn Show 49, - -
6.oo-Hishwuy Petrol ----- z
A.M. Mond0y
$50 Comparative LitsFosVFs -
9:30-TV School -
Io,oo- Science Everywhere - ~
P.M. Mondoy
S:oo-Movis: Top Speed" II
6:oo-htoVis: "teodlino
Hunters" -
lo,3o- Chesapeake oUsdoers II
ll:lS-Movis; fighting fosher
Dunn" -
ll:2o-Movis: "s~omp wotsr" 2
A.M. TUesdoy
$50 Classroom Two; The
Child Under Six z
Effective Reodino -
Q.30-IN School, French -
1000 Explore With Books II
P.M. Tuesd0y
S.0o-AAovie. rvs O Cifr II
6:oo-Movio: mot O LodisS'
Mon" .----- -
7:0o-Blve Angels ~
7:3o-ltS In the Nome --- z
lI.l5.Mo~is. Top Of the
World" - -
ll:2o-Movis: n Wos or
AdvsntUFsss" -----. z
A.M. Wednesday
$50 Council Of Churches 2
Comparative litsrotVre -
9:3o-Tv School .-- -
1000 -Bsothsrhood Possont II
PM. Wednesday
S.fNn- Ao~;o, Uf;nc~,O II
Evening star., 1961-02-19

P.M. ThuVsdoy
5:oo-MoviS: "clomoF Boy" u
$50. Rocky and His friends -
6.oo-AAovio, "Dr. Jskyll and
M. HYDE" p. - u
6:30-Son FFoneiseo Bsot z
7,3o-PIoyhoUsS " ------- -
Il:l5-Movie. The Woman
for Joe" - -. u
ll.20-AAovio: Prisoner OF
ShoFk ISlond' z
Evening star., 1961-02-19

$50 -WhiTIybirds ---------- 4
1880 Brothsrs BronnOSon - u
ll;lS-MoviO; "Beoehhood" -
ll,20-hAovis: Action In tho
North Atomic" s Z
Evening star., 1961-02-19

P.M. Sundoy
1900 Shirley Temple Film z
Movies: "cyrono Dc
B0FyeFoe," "Jonis" II
Non Of the Week 49, -,
l2.3o-Adl0T Invites ----- -
loo Championship Bridge -
l:3o-Top 1850 football z
BFosh0ghood -
2:oo-Movis: "coVraoS Of
s.oo-PIAY OF the WEEK.
"Loosrd Of Lovers"
Piper loVTi0 ~
@:0o.Popsys and His PGIs. -
6:00--koVie: "Rosvs's
Regiment" l3
6:30-To Promote Coed viii II
ll:l5-Movie: "a Womon's
vsno0a1ee" . -
11;20.Mike hommeT ~
II.25-Compy's Corner --- z
Il:5o-Mo~is: Shine On Harvest
Noon" .- --- ~
ll.55-Postor's Study ------- 2
l;0o-Kit CoFson - --- -
Evening star., 1961-02-19
FFidoy

Movie: "ToTxon and the
Leopard Woman" "
$50 -hveklsberrY Hound u
800 Movie. "Dr. JSkyll ond
Mr.. Hyde" p. z -- u
500 Expedition q
ll:l5-Movis: Rood 10 Rio" "
ll.2o- Movie; Kings Row" z
Evening star., 1961-06-07

is just as great. I didn't feel
the call to go overseas"
Mr.. Hartman, who lives alone,
said that beginning next week
he will start digging out a
basement in his cousins home
in nearby Vintage for a gymna-
SUM. He will form the Chris
tian Health Club and this will
be his missionary work at home.
Works as a Cook
1T will be a place where
the boys and men can come to
work out. Along with physical
fitness, I hope we can provide
them with spiritual fitness.
Both go together. We should
all reflect His (Christ's) glory
through our lives"
IT don't plan to become an
minister right now,
but If a church opens up in the
Evening star., 1961-06-07
Ex-Convict to Become
Missionary for Youth

LANCASTER, Pa, June Z
(AP).-"If any man be in
Christ he is a new creation.
Old things are passed away.
Behold all things are become
new"
Ronald L. Hartman, q 30
year-old native of Lancaster
who served a prison term for
robbery, quoted the passage
from Second Corinthians in
explaining how he overcame his
past and found a new life in
Christ"
Mr.. Hartman was graduated
last night from the Lancaster
School of Bible Study, a nom
denominational religious insti-
tuition.
That's what I believe" he
emphasized, as he again re-
peated the passage from Sec
ond Corinthians. THE answer
was not in Ronald Hartman
but in Christ.
Takes Missionary Role
Nov that I've found the
answer I want to share it with
other boys-to win them from
a life of crime. Boys need a
purpose, an incentive, other
wise, they wander aimlessly. I
know. I've experienced the
problem of juvenile delinquency
and spent time in reform school
and prison"
Mr.. Hartman explained that
he had three choices: To be-
come an ordained minister, to
enter the field of Christian
education for which he has a
teachers diploma, or to enter
the missionary field.
He chose the missionary field,
but at home.
"a lot Of people have the
miSconception that a mission
ary has to go overseas" he
explained. But the need here
Evening star., 1961-06-07

area or If I can start one !
would do so."
Meanwhile, he will continue
working as a cook in a res
taurant-where he worked dur
ing school-to pay off some
debts incurred in school and
to help finance his missionary
work. He is hoping that the
local Christian BuSinessmen's
Association also win help. If
all goes well, he will expand.
Mr.. Hartman, who quit high
school in the 10th grade to en-
ter the Army, said that among
his other plans is taking a
series of tests at Millersville
State College in efforts to OBJ
tain a high school diploma.
Evening star., 1961-06-07
RulIy to Honor
Freedom Riders

The Congress Of r a cial !
Equality will hold a rally to
honor its freedom riders" at
z pm. this Sunday at the All
Souls Unitarian Church, Six
teenth and Harvard street NV.
Participating in the affair
will be James Carey. president
Of the International Union of
Electrical workers; Victor
Evening star., 1961-06-07
Needle Makes Wound

NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y.
(AP).-Patrolman Albert Ed
wards felt a sharp pain in
his leg when he stepped out
of the police car. His wife had
left a needle in his trousers
after sewing up a small rip.
The needle broke as he tried
to remove it, and he was ad-
to Memorial Hospital.
Evening star., 1961-06-07

Reuther, administrative assist
ant to Walter Reuther, presi-
dent Of the United Automotive
Workers; the author James
Evening star., 1961-06-07

Baldwin and Joseph L. Rauh.
tr. vice chairman for civil
rights Of Americans for Demo-
cratic Action.
Arizona sun., 1961-07-06
KRIz Safety Check
Set Up By Adobe

Radio station KRIZ in Phoenix
set up an auto safety check and
refreshment station for travellers
twelve miles north of Phoenix near
Adobe over the July 4th holiday.
For the benefit of travellers leav-
ing the Phoenix and especially
coming home after a holiday, KR.
IL with the aid of some of their
sponsors offered soft drinks, cOf-
fee and safety auto checks. Such
safety factors as tire rotations
were offered.
The safety stations facilities
were offered free of charge and
four sets of seat belts were given
away. Another such station was
set up near Mesa on the Apache
Trail. p
KRIZ establishes the safety sta
ton on every holiday throughout
the year during the hearyiest hours
of traffic and especially during
late hours when the travellers arc
weary.
Because Of this service to driv-
ers the National Safety Council
presented KRIZ with a special
citation for the greatest single con-
|tribution to safety last year.
Arizona sun., 1961-07-06
Its Healthy
To Work In
Your Garden

Hoem owners don't have to
march 10 miles day, or play
football to stay physically fit. All
they have to do is to set out to
beautify their properties with trees
and shrubs and grass and do the
gardening themselves in tt e r
spare time, says the American
Assn. of NurSerymen.
Here are some of the healthy
exercises the family can get in
gardening:
Mowing-strengthens leg mus
cles.
Raking- strengthens arm, chest
and leg muscles.
Digging-legs, stomach and
arms.
,Pruning-arm and chest, neck.
Weeding-armS and neck.
Sitting around the house on week
ends, or travelling in a sitting posi-
ton aren't conducive to physical
fitness. BY getting out on your
own property and beautifying it,
physical fitness will come natural
ly and there will be concrete re-
turns in higher value for the pro-
perty as well as new facilities fer
recreation and entertainment as a
result of the garden living, says
the association. And it adds:
Gardening also clears away those
mental cobwebs-it is widely rec
commended by the medical pro-
fession for both mental and physi-
cal health. Il
Good thing about gardening,
too, is that you can get as much
or as little exercise as you want
by regulating the paintings, or Sc.
lecting plants requiring little or no
maintenance. I"
Arizona sun., 1961-07-06

manufacturing, iring declined to
a rate of 3:8sper 100 in May from
| an April rate, of 4.6, per 100 It he
first decline noted since February.
May hiring rates increased mod
erately in most durable goods in
dustfies but seasonal reductions
in numbering and such inondurable
goods Industries as food products
and apparel more than Offset these
gains. The May rate of new hires
dropped back to the January-Feb-
ruary level following strong sea-
sonal demands in food products
and numbering during the two pre-
vi0us months.
May separations in Arizona man.
|ufactufing rose to a rate Of 4.5 per
100 compared to 3.8 in April. Quits
accounted for a large part of the
gain in separations-layoffs show
ed only a slight increase and re-
manned below the year-ago level.