davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-28
An Urban Population Explosion

fusals to reapportion and per-
NIT the functioning Of nor
NAL democratic procedures.
Rural people suffer because
OF this. but seemingly give
ear to their desperate poll
ticians who deceive them.
Meanwhile, the energetic
cities boom and a growing
number Of small towns and
cities dry up and blow away.
They keep hoping to obtain
a pants factory or a food
processing plant, with the ex-
pectation that such an ac-
QUESTION will reverse the pro-
cedure. It won't. Their
schools deteriorate. The
State suffers. But the rural
areas are the most affected.
It should be apparent that
no city is the same as it
was even 20 years ago. Many
think they are. (This is
especially true Of some of
the Southern cities, con-
fronted with what is, basical-
ly. a simple decision in grant,
ing usual participation in all
public aspects of citizenship
to their Negro populations.)
Cities change. The Nation
changes. The world changes.
Most Of all its population
grows, and becomes urban. To
refuse to face up to the
meaning Of 1t, domestically
and internationally, is folly
compounded.
Evening star., 1961-12-28

from the surging conserva-
tives Of both parties. In this
area. Kuchel has the worst of
1t. Morton will be renomi-
mated effortlessly, but the
right-wingers of California
are trying hard to find one
OF their own to face Kuchel
in the June primary.
Overall. Morton's problem
Is the more serious. In any
normal situation, q Demo-
crat nearly always wins Ken
lucky. Morton is a political
accident who slipped into the
Senate in 1856 by fewer than
1000 votes.
His weapons were Presi-
dent Eisenhower's coattails
and the pure hatred the then
Governor, A. B. (Happy)
Chandler, had for Senator
Earl Clements. The Eisen-
hover coattails have just
been proved to be greatly
shortened. Chandler still
hates his political enemies,
but as he Is out of office, his
firepower is materially less.
Morton also faces a race
against a name: 1t. Gov. Will
son Wyatt, a former Mayor
Of Louisville, Adlai Steven
sons 1852 campaign man.
ager and founder of Ameri-
cans for Democratic Action.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
Confusion on Right and Left

II "Right-wing" were to be
used to denote true con-
Servatism without associating
1t with the reactionary doc
trines Of those who don't be-
lieve the Federal Government
should ever intervene in the
economic life of the country,
then there would be some
thing worthy in the term.
Similarly. If "Left-wing"
merely denoted true liber-
alism and progressivism, and
didn't brand as illiberal, for
instance, any vehement criti-
cism Of the courts, then
"Left-wing" would be an
honorable term, too.
But somehow, In recent
years. even criticism of the
Supreme Court has been con-
demned as almost traitorous
and as hardly to be respected
as coming under the right Of
free speech. The Supreme
Court itself was denounced
most severely by Thomas
Jefferson as late as 1922, but
If his own words were quoted
anonymously today, they
would be called extremist
Right-wing."
This writer supported many
Of the Eisenhower policies
but criticized the sending of
Federal troops, instead Of
Federal marshals, to Little
Rock in 1857. Anyone, how
ever, who held that view
about the Arkansas episode
was at the time called a
"Right-Winger." But no less
a person than Attorney
General Robert Kennedy was
quoted only a few months
ago as saying it was a mis-
take to send troops to Little
Rock and that, instead,
Federal marshals should have
been dispatched. Does this
make him a "Right-winger,"
too?
Perhaps the answer to the
mixup over the terms Fright
wing" and Left wing" is to
eliminate the wing" in both
clasSifications hereafter-for
there is nothing angelic about
them. Indeed. perhaps there
would be less confusion If the
terms Right" and Left"
also were dropped. The ad-
jectives right" or wrong"
could then be substituted in
apparising current issues.
leaving it to the majority to
render the national verdict
at the polls.
(copyrisht, 190D
Evening star., 1961-12-28
Political Forms Fail to Keep Pace
With Rapid Shift From Rural Life

$4,000 more births than
deaths every year, or $500
new Americans every day.
World growth can be used
even more sensationally. The
favorite illustration Of the
exhorters and the birth-con-
troll advocates is to remind
us that a population the size
Of Frances Is added to the
earth every year.
Scientists estimate that the
human race took at least
100000 years to reach its
present total Of 3 billion pop
ulation. But If present birth
rate trends continue unin-
terrupted, there will be 8 bill
lion persons on earth in Just
40 more years.
All humanitarian progress
contributes to population.
Elimination Of diseases, and
Improvement Of sanitation
and diet add to the life span.
Ceylon's statistics are vivid.
In 1946 Ceylon's population
was 6.854,000. In 1859 it was
9,612,00 The birth rate had
remained about constant.
The rapid boost was brought
about by an anti-malarial
campaign.
In population the two
world powers. the United
States and Russia, are barely
in the first division. The
Soviet Union is third and
the United States fourth. Red
China Is approaching an
awesome total Of one billion
persons. The USSR listed
209 million in 1859, the year
OF her last census.
The process Of urbaniza-
ton quickens all over the
world. In the United States
500 per cent (almost three
fourths) of all our people
live in cities or suburbs. Yet,
we are all still in the
clutches Of an increasingly
unconscionable rural politi-
cal prison, held there by re-
Evening star., 1961-12-28

trying to excuse President
Kennedy personally for the
mistake. They blame what
they think Of as his many
appeasement-minded counse-
lors. most Of whom are re-
garded In Western Europe as
little qualified for their Jobs
because they lack practical
experience in the deadly dip
lomatic game now being
played.
This reporter has fire.
quently been asked such I'M
answerable questions as:
Why does not your President
avail himself of the great
international experience of
such men as Dean Acheson,
Douglas Macarthur and
Harry Truman? What is the
practical experience in inter-
national fields of Adlai
Stevenson or Walt Rostow?
Now. however, the criticism
has subsided, since 1t is OBJ
vious that the only negotia-
tions which will be carried
out will be confined to the
ambassadorial level in Mos
COW, where more water will
be churned in the hope of
producing butter.
The criticisms are no
longer confined to our poll
cies on Berlin and negotia-
tiops. They are directed es-
pecially at our adulation for
the United Nations. They
also cover our policy in vot-
ing against our ally Portu-
gal and with the Soviet
Union in the United Nations
concerning Angola, and our
showing Of the flag when
United States Marines and
warships stood off the shores
of the Dominican Republic as
direct threat to internal
political activities.
We are criticized for our
belligerent policies toward
South Africa in which we
openly express our dislike for
Evening star., 1961-12-28
DORIS FLEEsON
Moderotes, Up for Reelection in '62,
Foce Democratic, Rightist Pressure

LOS ANGELES.-Republi-
can Senators Thruston Nor
ton of Kentucky and Thomas
Kuchel of California share a
common reelection problem:
All next session they must
cakewalk skillfully between
powerful conservatives and
the large bulk of voters with
in their States whose formal
allegiance is to the Demo-
cratic Party.
Both Senators have been
campaigning furiously but
not harshly during the
Christmas h olidays. They
dare not wholly satisfy one
sector of opinion at the ex-
pense Of another, and, being
moderate by temperament,
probably would not wish to
do so.
In particular, they seek to
achieve a nice mixture of
wariness, partisanship and
patriotism toward President
Kennedy. They are, after all,
internationaliSts, and he is
popular in their States. The
President will probably get
their votes fairly often next
year, and, in return, can be
expected not to heat up the
campaign against them un-
til next summer.
Both are under pressure
Evening star., 1961-12-28
Stiff Test Due for Morton, KucheI

Like Stevensonians generally,
Wyatt went into eclipse dur
ing most Of the Eisenhower
years both in Louisville and
rural areas.
There is an old theory that
a resident Of Louisville
can't win q Statewide race
in Kentucky. As both Wyatt
and Morton are from Louis
vile. it would be difficult for
Chandler to stir up that issue
despite his admitted appeal in
the boondockS.
Morton Is described as now
cautious on the stump and
much less partisan than
when he was Republican ma
tional chairman. He has been
encouraged by the recent
capture Of Louisville's City
Hall by the Republicans.
He also seems to believe
the conservative claim that
younger voters are moving
into the conservative camp,
and he is making a great
pitch for them. Kentucky is
one Of two States where 18-
year-oldS vote. Morton says
they should vote in every
State.
Morton supporters parade
the alluring prospect that, If
reelected. he would be a
prominent dark-horse candi-
date for President on the Re
publican ticket. Certainly his
success would encourage the
growth of a two-party system
in the South.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

1861 Award Nominations Man-of- -the-Year (mnus the
ast eight months) President Kennedy. Nominated by
Republican National Committee
Most Truthful Man-of e-Year: Tie between Richard
Nixon and Goodwin Knight based what they said about
each other, Nominated by Caifornas Gov. Pat Brown
Most About ete-Babe Ruth Nominated by
everybody over So
Woman-of -the-Year: The unsung girl of SkoWhegan
Me- who went to the beauty paror Al tmesand never got
a hair-do like Jackies. Nominated by accident
Best Dramatic Acting: Welfare Secretary Rbcoff when
he said he wasn't running for Senator Connecticut
Nominated by Ribicoff
Military Genius the Year 1t Gen. Jawaharlal Nehru
he Goa CONSTRUCTOR who resisted the temptation to pick
on somebody Ind1as size Nominated by the Neighbor
Association.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Targets of Free Europe's Critics

Its domestic policies. Our
statements and gestures con-
corning Laos and South Wet
Nam, which vary from hot
determination to send troops
to cold decisions to send ad-
visers or inspection teams,
are curiously viewed in Eu-
ropean capitals.
And when an American is
asked why our country is
sending both military and
economic aid to enemy coun-
tries such as Yugoslavia, he
finds he has no answer to
give.
The most recent and severe
criticism, however, which
extends from Britain to the
eastern border of Free Eu-
rope. is of our Congo-Ka-
tanga policy. While our Ka-
tanga attitude is the i'm
mediate target Of somber
discussions, the fundamental
criticism is based on our
blind reliance on the United
Nations as q cure-all for the
worlds present and future
ailments.
The Europeans, with cen
turies long experience in
diplomatic double talk and
double = cross, with enemies
changing to friends and vice
versa in keeping with mo-
mentary expediency, have
less use for the U. N. than
they had for the League of,
Nations. They consider this
over emphasized body for
world peace as a forum for
power pOllLlCS.
The most recent develop
ments have disguised not
only politicians and diplo-
mats in Free Europe, but also
the man-in n-the-street. And
nobody can understand why
the U. NJ. which in the past
sided with the underdog, has
now given its full support
to the operation intended to
Cypress and subjugate Ka-
tanga to the so-called CEN
trail Congo government at
Leopoldville.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
From Berlin Wall to Kotongo and U. NJ,
Many Feel u. S. Has Erred in Diplomacy

ROME.-Europe's firm be-
lief in United States policies
began to slacken when we
contented ourselves with
some fruitless gestures such
as Vice President Johnson's
visit and a parade of 1900
additional soldiers to West
Berlin after the Communist
wall was erected last August.
America. it was said, must
have known beforehand from
its vast intelligence network
that the Russians were pre-
pairing something dramatic
through their East German
proxies. Most West Ger
mans were convinced some
thing would happen because
OF the enormous influx Of
refugees. Why had not the
United States been prepared
to act within a few hours?
The French insist that
they were ready to join the
United States and so, prob
ably were the British.
There is sufficient evidence,
it is said in knowing quar-
ters in Europe, that Premier
Khrushchev would have
yielded. But we dilly-dallied,
made some gestures and then
proposed exactly what the top
men in the Kremlin had
wanted for three years
negotiations.
The American action on
Berlin is compared by many
politicians in Western Eu-
rope to that of France in
1896 when Hitler ordered his
troops into the Rhineland.
He had told his scared gen.
erals. Don't worry, the
French won't bite when we
push the pill down their
throats."
While Washington's timi-
dity and ShortSightedneSs are
still being criticized, this re-
porter has always found the
critics in the NATO coun-
tries and in Switzerland
Evening star., 1961-12-28
DAVID LAWRENCE

President Kennedy says he
favors a balanced budget for
next year. Does this make
him a "Right-Winger"?
There's a good deal of
carelessness nova days In
characterizing persons with
whose views one may dis
agree. Not so long ago the
late Senator Joseph Nc
Carthy was accused of max
ing blanket indictments, but
somehow today this type Of
attack is being duplicated in
some of the expressions
coming from the very people
who often employed the term
"McCarthyism" to describe
1t.
Thus. a few years ago, it
was vigorously asserted that
each individual should be
judged on the merits of what
he himself said or did and
that there must be no guilt
by association" Unfortunate
ly, today some Of the writer's
OF booklets who attack
Rightly Wing" doctrine tend
to equate those who happen
to be conservative on the
matter Of Government spend
ing with persons who, in
their misguided way, make a
fetish of attacking religious
groups.
It's a far cry from con-
servatiSm as such to the
views Of those who fan the
flames of religious bigotry.
To see them all Jumped to-
gether and called Right
Wingers," with an education
al foundation financing the
publication Of such tommy
rot-though diSclaiming re-
sponsibility for the views ex-
pressed-is disheartening.
Indeed. many persons who
profess to be true conserva-
tives are bound to resent be-
ing put into the same cate
CORY with those groups that
happened to be exponents of
some conservative issues and
yet associate themselves with
movements which are basic
ally anti-Catholic or anti
Semitic. Similarly, people
who are truly liberal resent
being called "Leftist" because
1t is a word often applied to
Communists.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
RALPH McGILL

John Eli Miller, Of the Old
Order Amish Mennonite COM
munity, died recently at Mid
dlefield, Ohio. He was sur
vived by five Of his seven
children, 81 grandchildren,
338 great-grandchildren, and
six great great grandchil-
dren, for a total Of 410 de-
Scendants.
The Population Reference
Bureau believes this Is the
largest number Of living de-
scendantS any American ever
had. It also suggests that
John Miller had seen a pop
ulation explosion with his
own eyes. He also had lived
long enough to witness the
growing difficulties Of the
Amish to maintain a good
standard Of living in an
agrarian way Of life, which
is becoming more and more
dominated by an industrial
culture.
The Amish work Just as
hard. They are as frugal
as ever. But the old ways no
longer suffice. The suburbs
encroach upon their farm
communities. More and more
young people are taking up
city jobs. Few ever really
return to the old life.
Population has become a
favorite subject. The pro-
phets Of doom and trouble
select its most dismaying sta
tistics and belabor US at a
time when Wet Nam, Khru-
shchev, Berlin and Latin
America seem more than ade-
Quate worries. One can do
stunts with the statistics,
such as noting that the birth
rate in the United States
shows an annual increase of
IL per cent.
This figure looks mild
enough, It Is only when it
is translated that 1t startles.
One and seven-tenths Of q
per cent increase means g.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
FrunkIin Award to Go
To Gen. TuyIor

Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, mill
tary adviser to President Ken
nedy. will receive the 1862 Ben
jamin Franklin Award for dis
tinguiShed service January Is
at a Printing Week Dinner in
New York.
Among the previous recipi-
ents of the award were former
Presidents Eisenhower and
J Truman.
Evening star., 1961-12-28
Frequent Misuse of Terms Inspires
Plan to Substitute Right and 'Wronq'

Conservatism is said to be
on the rise in America today,
and 1t may well be that some
Of the persons who dislike to
see this happen are seeking
to discredit the movement by
calling 1t all kinds of names.
A letter which this corre-
Spondent received the other
day from a reader said he
finds 1t hard to determine
what is meant by Left wing"
or Right wing" He declared
that anti-communism, for
instance, is either right or
wrong" and that he can't
understand why people who
are against communism are
often referred to as "conser-
vatives."
The mishandling OF such
classifications is not confined
TO this country. 1t appears in
press association dispatches
from abroad in frequent ref
erences to "Right-winge:s"
and "Left-wingers." FaScism
in the l930s in italy and
Germ any was calle d
"Rightist" and still is, where
as communism is most fire.
quently referred to today as
"Leftist." Yet there isn't any
essential difference in the
operation of the two ideolo-
gies-both are totalitarian
and undemocratic.
This writer has read with
interest the various charac-
terizations Of his own writ
ings by critics and finds it
hard to follow the classif!ca-
tions used. Thus, this corre-
spondent favored the Roose-
velt foreign policy through
out the sos and '40s, ap-
proved Of the Truman de-
cision in 1850 to intervene In
Korea to repel outside ag-
gression, applauded the Mar
shall Plan of aid for Europe
from the hour Of its incep-
tion, and supported the re-
ciprocal-tariff idea from the
very day that Cordell Hull
launched his first proposal.
Yet all this is brushed aside
and the term Right wing"
is employed because Of a
continued opposition by this
writer to Communist sub
version. state socialism and
totalitarianism in any form.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17

treasurer.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17
Two County Teachers Take Part
In New Educational TV Classes

TV classes will be in French,
language arts, science, art and
music, geography and kinder
garten.
Teachers for the new school
television curriculum have been
selected from schools in the
area. In addition, one of the
YEATS science courses will be
conducted by a Fort Belvoir sci
enlist, and the French course is
a nationally broadcast program
with Anne Slack, of Boston, and
featuring the Baird puppets.
Example of the kind of classes
is the geography course titled
Cultural Geography" which is
being conducted by Malcolmn
Davies, of the Baltimore Junior
College. This course divides the
world into seven cultural areas.
1.-THE treatment is a little
sophisticated" according to the
teachers manual for the tele-
casts, "but let's see If we can
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17
MahOney
Declines
To Debate

The heat is on in Maryland
politics and the states gu
bernatorial candidates are
tanning the flames.
George P. Mahoney turned
down an invitation to debate
with David Hume on a Balti-
more television program and
Hume said the refusal is the re-
suit of "a low estimate of the
intelligence of the voters"
Invitation was made by sta
ton VIDAL after Hume ques-
toned the authorship of articles
under Mahoney's name on Ma
honey's position in the primary
elections campaign.
A debate, Hume said, would
give Mahoney a chance to prove
his authorship and to present
reasons to support his conclu-
Sions.
Mr.. Mahoney," Hume said
after the invitation was de.
clined by Mahoney, docs not
recognize his responsibility to
place his views in any detail be-
fore all the voters of Maryland.
1t is unfortunate that he joins
with the Government in remain
ing as silent and inactive as
possible on controversial mat
ters."
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17
Only 283
On Double
Sessions

Only 283 elementary stu
dents in Montgomery Coun-
ty are now on double ses-
sions, according to DR.. C.
T a ylor Whittier, superin-
tendent of schools.
These children are all first or
second graders at two schools,
Hungerford and Rock Creek
Palisades. Total enrolment in
the county is more than $4,000.
When the school year began
September 5, there were 2O70
students going only part-time
because construction of new
schools or additions to existing
schools had not been completed.
The number was cut with the
opening of new elementary
schools. Brookhaven, Cloverly
and Fernwood, as well as COM
pletion of an addition to Holt
day Park.
Rented quarters in churches
and the Little Falls Public Lii
brary put others back on a full
time schedule. Of these 454 chill
dren, 1873 will move into the new
Ayrlawn and Carl Sandburg
schools when they open some
time in February of next year.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17
Board

Continued from Page u
the 18th grade and ending in
the two-year junior college.
Efforts will also be made to
coordinate curriculum program
ming between the elementary,
junior high and senior high
levels.
Junior College, CD Set
The School Board said it will
budget next year construction
of the first unit of a second jun
Tor college in the Rockville
area, and will consider in CO.
operation with other local gov
eminent agencies" setting up a
system of Civil Defense protec-
ton in the schools.
1t also hopes to engage "a
very limited number" of nation
ally-recognized scholars to serve
as "consultants, lecturers and
advisers" on curriculum and in
struction.
In its study of "other forms
or organization of school day
and school year." the board
says the possibility of more
periods per day and variable
length of day will be considered.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17

School television began this
week for quarter Of a million
children in the greater Washing
ton area.
Elementary school children in
Is public, private and parochial
school districts of Washington,
Maryland and Virginia will take
part in TV classes from kinder
garten to physics.
The new school telecasts are
broadcasts by WETA!TV, Chan
mel rs, Washington's new educa-
tional television station, and
will be seen Monday through
Fridays. This is in addition to
evening program mir g, for
adults, which began when
WETA first went on the air
October 2.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-10-17

Stretch their minds to see the
grand pattern
In general, the various classes
are designed not as regular
classroom instruction, but as en-
richment.
Teachers for the various
courses, in addition to Nine.
Slack and Davies are DIR. z. v.
Harvalik, of Fort Belvoir, phys
les and chemistry; Alex B. Cos
tea, Jr., Of Arlington County,
Va, biology and geology; Miss
Cynthia Drumback, of Mont
gomery County, art; Mrs. Mary
L. Haywood, of Prince Georges
County, music; Mrs. Eleanor B.
Smith, Of Fairfax County, Va,
language arts, and Mrs. Sara
Jane Whittier, of Gaithersburg,
kindergarten.
The Rev. Francis Heydon,
ST., famed astronomer of
Georgetown University, Will
teach astronomy later in the
year.