davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
British Ship Asks Aid
After Hitting Reef

HONOLULU, Sept. 9 (AP)-
The United States Coast Guard
reported today the British mo-
torship VIII was in distress off
the coast of New Zealand after
striking a reef at Dream Rock
Thursday night.
An sos from the 167-foot
vessel was received by the cut
tiers Bering Strait and Mata-
gorda and relayed to the Coast
Guard station in Honolulu. The
Matagorda is en- route to Japan;
the Boring Strait on patrol in
the Central Pacific.
Bream Rock is about six
miles northeast Of Auckland.
The VIII is owned by the Tas-
man Steamship Co. of Auck-
land.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

there is much to be done that
the Och could not do, and that
the things it did do can be
done as well or better in other
ways"
Mr.. Bundy said the most i'm
portant of the other ways
was more direct contact with
Secretary RuSk.
Mr.. Bundy listed two other
changes in the NSC: 1t is meet
ing less often than under Pres
ident Eisenhower, but is valu-
able in considering certain is
sues of great moment; and the
distinction between planning
and operation which governed
the administrative structure of
the NSC staff in the last ad-
ministration has been elimi-
mated.
The NSC is an advisory body
with the Presidentm aking all
the decisions. 1t is composed
of the President, Vice Presi-
dent, Secretaries of State and
Defense, and the director of the
Office of Civil Defense Mobili-
cation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

Kennedy in operation of the
National Security Council, top
policy-making arm of the Gov
eminent.
eSnator Jackson heads a Sem
ate subcommittee on national
policy machinery which is
about to close a study of how
the Government acn best staff
and organize itself to meet the
threat Of world communism.
He had asked Mr.. Bundy to de-
scribe the changes in the NSC
operations since Mr.. Kennedy
became President.
Board Abolished
Mr.. Bundy said the most
significant change was aboli-
ton last February of the OPP
erations Co-ordinating Board,
an action which had the re-
suit among other things of
placing increased reliance on
the Secretary of State.
Mr.. Bundy said the President
has made it very clear that he
does not want a large separate
organization between him and
his Secretary of State"
The President, Mr.. Bundy
added, also does not want any
question to arise as to the clear
authority and responsibility Of
the State Department head.
Mr.. Bundy said the Opera
tons Co-ordinating Board of
eight which co-ordinated and
followed through on Govern
ment policies did much useful
work, but it's difficulty was that
without unanimity it had no
authority.
Seek New Ways
Neither the President nor the
administration as a whole con-
ceives of operational co-ordi-
nation as a task for a large
committee in which no one
man has authority, Mr.. Bundy
said. adding:
1T was and is our belief that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Green Rests; Still
On Danger List

PROVIDENCE, R. L, Sept. 9
(AP).-Rhode Islands former
Senator Theodore Francis
Green was reported late today
to be resting comfortably at
Jane Brown Hospital. His name
was still on the danger list.
Mr.. Green, who will be "a
october 2, is the oldest man
ever to serve in the Senate. He
entered the hospital Friday
with a heart block.
His name was placed on the
danger list by his physician,
DR.. Constantine Georas, be-
cause of the unpredictable ma
ture of his ailment.
DR.. Georas said that Green
was in good spirits, and his
nurses reported him quite
laxative"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

said, Il hope and expect Presi-
dent Kennedy will submit legis-
lation to the Congress at the
beginning of the next session
to carry out these recommen-
dationS."
Senator Hart, Democrat of
Michigan, said, Il feel sure the
administration will support the
commission on this"
Both Democratic Senators
said they believed Congress had
the authority to eliminate liter
acy teStS-at least for elections
for Federal office.
Sole Power
Senator EaStland, however,
maintained that the States
have the sole power under the
Constitution to fix qualifica-
tons of voters"
His Mississippi colleague,
Senator StenniS, backed him up,
declaring that authorities have
always held the determination
of qualifications for voting "is
a matter strictly reserved to
the States even though
there have been attempts to
get contrary legislative and ju-
dicial interpretations"
Senator Stennis said the rec
concentration for an anti-liter-
acy test law was another out
standing example of the efforts
Of the Civil Rights Commission
to rewrite all election laws"
The commission is scheduled
to go out of business this
month. but a measure extend
ing its life for two years has
passed the Senate and is ex-
pected to win approval in the
House.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

of Mississippi, called the sug-
gestion bunk"
Congress has no such pow
err" he said.
The commission, in a report
on voting rights filed yesterday
Negro Housing Report Is Reodied for
Release. Pose B-l
morning with President Ken
nedy and Congress, unanimous
ly urged legislation to bar lit
eracy tests for voting regis
trantS who have at least a sixth
grade education. Four of the
six commissioners went further
and said no literacy tests should
be. given any would-be voter.
Some form of literacy test
measuring the ability to read
and write or interpret the Con-
Stitution-is now required in 81
States.
The commission said discrim-
inatory application of the lit
eracy test was "a common
technique" for depriving Ne
groes of their voting rights.
Reports Evidence
It's survey reported evidence
Of substantial numbers" of
Negroes being disenfranchised
could be found in 100 counties
of eight Southern States-Ala-
bama, Florida, Georgia, Louisi-
ana, Mississippi, North Caro-
lima, South Carolina and Ten
neSsee.
The commission said provi-
sions of the 1857 and 1860 civil
rights laws had proved effec-
tive in combating moves to
deny Negroes the vote and
praised the Justice Department
for acting with vigor" to pro-
tect voting rights.
However, it said, broader
measures" must be passed by
Congress eff denials Of conSti-
tutionSl rights in this area are
to be quickly eliminated.
Senator Heating, Republican
of New York, said the commits
sion report "underscores the
urgent need for additional civil
rights legislation and COM
pletely discredits the shibboleth
that these problems can be
solved solely by vigorous ex-
ecutive action"
There was no immediate re-
action to the report from the
Justice Department or the va
cation White House in HyanniS
Port, Mass.
Support Expected
But two Northern Democrats
said they believed the admin
istration would indorse the
commissions proposals.
Senate Majority Whip Hum
phrey, Democrat of Minnesota,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Fuss Stirred by Move
To End Literocy Tests
BY DAVID S. BRODER
Star Staff Writer

Northern Senators from both parties yesterday called
the Kennedy administration to ndorse the Civil Rights
missions recommendation for Federal legislation end eracy
tests tor would-be voters.
Southern spokesman vehement in declaring such
action would ovesep constitutional guarantees State rights
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Rusk's Role Grows,
Bundy Tells Senators
By the Associated Press

The Kennedy administration is placing increasing
lance leadership of the State Department White
House has informed Congress
McGeorge Bndy special assistant Kennedy
national security affairs wrote Senator Jackson
crat Of Washington in explaining changes made by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

CHECK FORGERY SUSPECTS
Shelby June Neumann Qeft), 10, and Patricia
Cavey, Is, sit in Chicago detective bureau
after their arrest in the forgery of checks
which bank officials said tOtaled SOS, 900.
Miss Cavey was seized by police when she
tried to cash a check for $32, OOO The checks
were against the account of diStilIing cor
pOratiOn where Miss Neumann worked as a
temporary office emplOye until recently
AP WirephOtO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

senate judiciary COmmlCJee
Chairman Eastland, Democrat
of Mississippi, called the Sug-
gestion bunk"
Congress has no such pow
err" he said.
The commission, in a report
on voting rights filed yesterday
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

Negro Housing Report Is Reodied for
Release. Poee B-l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

But two Northern Democrats
said they believed the admin
istration would indorSe the
commissions proposals.
Senate Majority Whip Hum
phrey, Democrat of Minnesota,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
Back to Normally
The Supervisors

The Supervisors Of Fairfax County
have moved quickly to urge that an
ordinance be drafted that will permit
the school board once again to make
its own assignments of pupils to county
schools. This power, lost to localities
when Virginia embarked on its path Of
massive resistance several years ago,
has since been exercised by the State
Placement Board Except, in isolated
instances, by the Federal courts). Now,
under machinery finally authorized by
the State, this traditionally local func-
ton, in Fairfax at least, soon will be put
back where it belongs.
Technically, the Supervisors appear
to have jumped the gun by directing
that the ordinance be prepared before
receiving a recommendation to that
effect from the Fairfax School Board,
as State law requires. But that poses
no serious problem. All that need be
done now is for the school board to join
in the effort. The important thing Is
that another element of local control
over local schools is being restored in
Fairfax, as soon should be the case in
Arlington, Alexandria and other jurisdic-
tons in Northern Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
Private Citizen in SunIond

The pictures and stories on Private
Citizen" Eisenhower in SUNNY Palm
Springs, California, make us slightly
envious, though not in grudging sort
of way. Certainly, Mr.. Eisenhower and
his Mamie" after their many years Of
Sharing distinguished military civil
ian career in the Nations service, are
due long and relaxed time in the
sunshine.
What stirred us slightly, though,
was the former Presidents cheerful
remark, as he posed bare-headed for
pictures alongside one of his favorite
golf courses. ats wonderful to be a
private citizen" he said, and shortly
after that he was pursuing that small
white ball down the first fairway.
Well, in this February, and for that
matter in January and December too,
it hasn't been so wonderful to be a
private citizen back here in the Nations
Capital. On most days, the sun hasn't
even tried to get around to us and when
it does it looks pretty pallid. Further
more, with or without the sun, 1t hasn't
been warm. When the weather voice
on the telephone says temperature in
the thirties" 1t now sounds good
relatively good, that is. And as for
palm trees and golf, or even going out
doors bareheaded, one seems about as
far away as the other-a long way, in
fact.
In other words, 1t just seems from
here that it must be more wonderful to
be a private citizen in Palm Springs
than in Washington. But we are glad
that Ike and Mamie are finding 1t won
derful out there, and we wish we were
there, too.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
inferior Retired

It is gratifying to note, in
press reports, that our new
President reads the news
papers thoroughly. He must
be aware. therefore, Of the
morale problem in our mill
tary services posed by the
Inferior Retired List"
Three years ago, at Pen
tagon and White House in
sistence. the Congress reduced
the long-established retired
to-active duty pay ratios for
previously retired officers and
enlisted men. The pay ratios
for Z bose retiring subsequent
ly were not changed.
II this precedent stands,
additional gradationS of in
ferior retired will be set up
in all future periodic military
dollar-pay readjustments for
shrinking dollar value. The
inevitable result viii be con-
tinued depreSsment Of the
caliber and esprit-de-corps Of
our military hard core" the
active-duty careerist officers
and enlisted men. Young per-
sonnet Of high competence
and ambition will be diScour-
aged from seeking service
careers by demonstrated re-
tirement insecurity. Only the
mediocre, the indolent, or the
privately wealthy will incline
towards military careers.
Furthermore. perpetuation
Of inferior retired categories
inevitably will cause net in
creaSes In expenditures Of
taxpayers monies for added
training costs incident to
higher personnel turnover.
President Kennedy acted
promptly in resembling an.
other hazard to service mo-
rale. the overseas dependents
Withdrawals. It Is to be hooed
that he may, with equal
forthrightness. urge the Con-
gress to Immediately rescind
the Inferior Retired List"
to end the double standard"
and the segregation" of the
more war-experienced re-
tireeS.
A Senate subcommittee is
having a study made Of the
whole military retirement
problem. This Is q wise and
needed procedure which will
require many more months
for completion and imple-
mentation. But restoration Of
the long established retired
to-active pay ratios should
not await the outcome Of that
study.
In the national interest, to
preclude further erosion of
the caliber Of active-duty
regulars" the inferior retired
category should be reScinded
forthwith.
T. G. w. Settle,
Vice Admiral, U. s. Navy,
Retired
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
FDR Memorial

I have viewed the plans
and models Of the Franklin
Delano Roosevelt Memorial
which are currently on ex-
hibit in the Corcoran Art
Gallery. I must say that I
was not favorably impressed
and I would like to offer this
suggestion for the Franklin
Delano Roosevelt Memorial.
I suggest that the National
Cultural Center. which has
been planned for the City Of
Washington. be dedicated as
a memorial to Franklin De.
lano Roosevelt; that it be
called the Roosevelt Ma
tional Cultural Center" It
is my thought that just as
the Lincoln Center in New
York City will commemorate
the name of one Of our great
Presidents, the National Gull
tural Center in Washington
could commemorate the name
Of Franklin Delano Roose-
welt. In this way, citizens
and organizations across the
Nation could share In con-
tributing funds to the Roo
sevelt memorial. This center
could contain, among other
things, his memorabilia.
AS I recall our former
President, he stood for so
many living and active things
that I think he would have
appreciated something very
active and living to be re-
membered by. Then, too,
with the Washington, Lin
coin. Jefferson and other
memorials already erected,
perhaps the time has come
to suspend the construction
Of additional memorials Of
that type for the immediate
future.
Vivian l.. Schafcr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
State of the Capital

The Commissioners, in their latest
report on the Estate of the Nations
Capital" have ample reason to describe
its f1acal dilemma in terms of emergency.
AS in each Of the last few years, they
also propose a way out-a formula by
which District taxpayers and Congress
together could provide equitably the
money needed to maintain municipal
and Federal services at respectable
level.
On its face, Congress share in the
proposal is modest $50 million
Federal payment (leSS than Is per cent
Of the 1862 budget). For their part,
the Commissioners propose $14 million
local-tax increase, designed to bring
Washington taxes at least to the level
of those in the suburbs. Under the
philosophy Of their formula, the Federal
share would equal only the additional
amount necessary to supplement local
resources.
Unfortunately, this approach has
met little success in the past. In re-
fuSing to grant even the moderate
Federal payment amounts authorized
Ito the tune of $40 million during the
last six years., Congress year after
year has turned down needed public
works projects. Actually, of course,
these cutbackS have not avoided public
works expenditures; they merely have
added to the backlog Of needs which
every year become more pressing.
Meanwhile, the routine annual costs of
running the District have increased to
such a degree ($96 million since 1850
that less and less money. has been
available to build new schools, Libraries
and health facilities. AS a result, in
order even to propose reasonable
program Of construction improvements
next year, the Commissioners last month
were forced to submit one Of the few
unbalanced budgets In city history.
Clearly this situation calls not just
for a determined effort during this
session Of Congress to eliminate some
Of the backlog, so that needs Of the
future can be handled on a year-to-year
basis. For certainly the end Of still
higher taxes land higher Federal par
ticipation) is not in sight. Over the
next years, the number Of high-School
students in District claSSroomS will
increase by 40 per cent. There will be
continued rises as well in welfare costs,
in higher expenditures for health
services.
AS the Commissioners emphasize,
however, more is at stake, from the
viewpoint Of Congress, than municipal
services, for the extent to which Wash
ington becomes modern, attractive
and ef1lcient community" affects in the
most direct terms Its status and func-
ton as the Nations Capital. This is
not a responsibility that members Of
Congress can avoid, and those who are
not fully aware Of the dimensions Of
the problem would profit from reading
the Estate Of the Capital" report.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
Shrinking Dollar

The policy Of repeatedly
raising wages to give citizens
more dollars to spend Is like
the man driving an auto
mobile in the snow who is
stuck in one spot and keeps
putting his foot harder and
harder on the accelerator.
Both the policy and the
driver are digging q hole
which is harder and harder
to get out Of. The driver did
not realize when he lost
momentum and should have
changed his direction of
movement.
Could the same be true of
the current economic policy?
Surely there must be finan-
cierS who could work out the
details Of increasing what q
dollar can buy.
I am q self-employed
owner Of a small business. On
the basis now used Of con-
stantly increasing the over
head by increasing the
postage rate. the social secu-
rity rate, the unemployment
tax, the compensation insur-
ance. the carfare, salaries all
added to raised costs of
supplies and equipment, I
have each year less net to
make personal purchases and
maintain my ability to
employ. To solve my situation
I discharge employees and cut
my personal purchases. At
this rate there will come a
time when 1t will pay me to
become unemployed.
Irene Bradley.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
Censored military

l wish to protest President
Kennedy's directive that Ad-
miral Arleigh Burke delete
from his speeches any refer
ence to communism as an
enemy Of this Nation.
To win the cold war this
country must know the facts.
To seal the lips Of one of
the few men Of unqueStfoned
integrity, and well-earned
authority. is to deprive the
citizens Of this Nation Of
necessary knowledge.
Are we to ape the Soviet
and Red Chinese dictators
with censorship and party
line propaganda or revert to
the days Of the secret Pots
dam and sYalta treaties,
which are the cause Of our
lost prestige?
Our countrymen must know
the truth about our enemy.
Give our people the truth
and knowledge. and they will
bring back the law, the order
and prosperity Of true de-
mocracy.
Elizabeth Moody Allen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
Censoring Movies

Flora M. Coan, in her
letter. has exercised her right
to speak out for something
she believes to be good and
true: the Supreme Courts
support Of movie censorship.
Freedom to speak and free
dom to listen are still the
same freedom whether 'con-
veyed through newspapers,
conversation, books, sign Ian
guage. plays, essays, poetry.
parallels. televiSion or motion
pictures.
The evils she cites may be
real or they may not be. They
may be caused by viewing,
seeing, hearing, reading, or
they may not be. These evils,
however, will not 60 away by
pretending they do not exist.
Rather We must face them
directly. II life and reality
are distorted by a horror
picture. we must teach our
young people to see its stu
pidity. its tawdriness. We
must expose to them the
waste Of time that bad books
or gossip are. We must show
them how to protect them
selves against wrong and
false impressions Of life
whether these false impress
sions come from friends,
strangers or movies. We must
help our children by even
using this trash against itself
as contrast to the things in
life that are worthwhile.
It takes time and effort to
do these things whether we
be parents. teachers or the
public. It is so much easier
to let the censor relieve us Of
this burden. Unfortunately,
he cannot do 1t. he can only
postpone 1t. The real problem
has yet to be faced.
Censorship is a bad bargain
in which we gain so little and
lose so much. In accepting it
we must forfeit a freedom to
speak and a freedom to listen.
Violet Clark.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-02-10
High Priority Showdown

= President Kennedy is keeping a pre-
campaign promise, one certain to stir
deep differences Of opinion, in his request
for prompt congressional action to raise
the Federal minimum wage level to $1.25
an hour and to extend this coverage to
an additional 100000 workers. In
substance, he is asking for legislation
almost Identical with that which he
sponsored in the last Congress and which
died in a HouSe-Senate conference
deadlock.
AS chairman of the conference COM
nlittee, it was Senator Kennedy who.
announced in the final days of the 86th
Congress that compromise efforts were
futile, that the House version of the
legislation would not be progress" and
that i've would rather come back and
do it in January" Basically, last years
deadlock came on the issue Of extended
coverage more than on House-Senate
differences ($1.15 VS.. SIPS respectively
in the proposed new wage floor. Although
announcing willingness to compromise
on several points, Mr.. Kennedy refused
to give way on a broadened concept of
interstate commerce under which enter
prises doing certain volume of business
would be covered even If they operate
solely within single State. House con-
fereeS refused to accept legislation un-
less it was confined strictly to enterprises
in interstate operation.
Legislation fitted to President Ken
nedy's present request already has been
introduced. In brief, the increase in
wage levels would take place over a
three-year period. The extended cover
age would be determined in most
instances by an annual dollar volume
Of business, whether In one State or
more. The largest group Of new workers
affected ian estimated 2,827, 000) would
be in retail trade, but service employees
and even local transit workers also
would be covered. Application Of the
40-hour week, which does not prevail
in many enterprises currently outside
the Fair Labor Standards Act, also would
be graduated over three-year period
for businesses newly covered.
The Kennedy administration,
strongly supported by organized labor,
will make passage of this legislation one
Of its foremost detectives. 1t may be
taken for granted that 1t will be at least
partially attained. The principle of
minimum wages is firmly established
and a reasonable and realistic expansion
is desirable. The crux Of the debate this
year, as it was last year, will involve
the issue Of whether the pending pro-
posal goes too far toward granting to
the central government power to fix a
minimum wage that everybody who
employs labor must pay. That possibility
is implicit in the bills broadened defini-
tons of commerce and enterprise, and
If these definitions win approval the lid
may be off on future extensions mo-
tivated by political rather than eco
nomic reasons.