davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-06-22
More Time Needed

The House was justified in voting
to extend for another year the legisla-
tive authority for granting Federal aid
to Washington hospitals. This extern
sion would give George Washington
University Hospital and the Greater
Washington Southeast Community Hos
pital more time in which to seek such
aid. The Hospital Center Act, under
which hospitals have been helped with
Federal funds, is due to expire at the
end of this month.
George Washington University Hos
pital is planning a comprehensive
medical center and is seeking Govern
ment aid in building a $5-million
addition to the present hospital at
Washington Circle. The Southeast hos
pital is seeking additional Federal funds
for construction of a 300-bed institution
to serve the eastern section of the city
and outlying suburbs. Since the Dis
trict is required by the law to reimburse
the Federal Treasury for one-third of
the hospital aid, the financing plan
has encountered budgetary troubles at
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Judicial Power

The Supreme Court, in its to
decision in the case of an Ohio woman
named Dollree Mapp, once again has
reached out" to assert judicial power
at the expense of the States.
In the layman's view, there is no
reason to quarrel with the result in
this instance. Ohio police used evidence
obtained in an illegal search of the
woman'S home to convict her on a
criminal charge. And that is thor
oughly repugnant practice - whether
INDUCED in by State or Federal
authorities.
AS a matter of constitutional law,
however, the matter is not quite so
simple. For years, of course, illegally
Federal courts under the requirements
of the Fourth Amendment. But it has
been accepted in many States, and ne
until this week had the court under.
taken to forbid its use in State tribunals
Speaking for the majority, and re-
verSing 1949 high court ruling, Justice
Clark said: 1--WE hold that all evidence
obtained by searches and seizures in
violation of the Constitution is, by that
same authority, inadmissible in a State
court" The effect is to extend to the
States, through the medium of the
Fourteenth Amendment, the Fourth
Amendments ban on illegal search and
Seizure-a ban heretofore generally
thought applicable only to Federal
authorities.
Justice Harlan, speaking for himself
and Justices Frankfurter and Whitaker,
wrote sharp dissent. (Justice Stewart
disSented on other grounds)
Justice Harlan said the majority
had simply reached out" to overrule
the 1949 decision, which had refused to
forbid the use by a State Of illegally
seized evidence. And he added: II am
bound to say that what has been done
is not likely to promote respect either
for the courts adjudicatory process or
for the stability of its decisions" In
conclusion, he summed up in these
words: "But in the last analysis think
this court can increase respect for the
Constitution only if it rigidly respects
the limitations which the Constitution
places upon it, and respects as well the
principles inherent in its own processes.
In the present case think we exceed
both, and that our voice becomes only
voice of power, not of reason"
To state it another way, and in
our own words, this decision, though
one may approve of the immediate
result, stretches the Constitution in
order to expand the Federal judicial
power and to whittle down authority
heretofore reserved to the States. 1t
also raises serious question as to
where the majority's line of reasoning
will lead. If it is pursued without
restraint, the State judicial systems
will become mere appendageS of the
Supreme Court-despite the limitations
supposedly imposed by the Constitution
on Federal judicial power.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
D. c. 'FontusyIund'

We speak of making
Washington the most beau
tiful city in the world, with
tourist attractions. I have an
idea that could, I am sure, If
acted upon, become the
greatest step in the right
direction toward such q
dream.
About two years ago, my
class and I were building a
replica of a cabin that I saw
on my first trip to Maryland.
This miniature replica Gre
ated such a sensation among
the children and visitors who
saw it. that the thought
came to me how lovely it
would be to have the history
Of our great country. and
some Of our many adventure
and fun stories. such as Huck
Finn. Uncle Remus, ETC., in
child-size reproductions.
The canal in Georgetown
offers great possibilities for
such a setting. In other
words. without going to Cal
ifornia. why can't we give
our children and children
visiting our great Capital
city a Fantasyland somewhat
like Disneyland? All our
newspapers could run con-
tests to name the little city.
Another thought is that
such a City of Happiness
could well be manned by our
wonderful Recreation De-
partment here in the city.
Mrs. Louis Blackwell
MeekinS.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Lrdte TdxpdYer

Oh lucky, lucky me! My
personal property is worth
about $50 more than last
year, and I didn't do a lick
of work or spend a nickel to
augment it. The genial pub
licans Of Fairfax County took
care Of 1t for me. You see,
they permit one who is as
sessed taxes on personal
property either to itemize the
articles or to figure the
value at 1919 the valuation
of the real property. which
was raised about 25%. But
the real estate tax rate was
lowered so that there was
little cash increase to the
taxpayer. Not the rate on
personal property. however;
that stayed right up where
it was before. In effect. that's
about 25% rise in personal
property valuation and,
hence, taxes.
I am an antipersonal-
property -tax-man, anyway.
It's like buying on a never
ending installment plan. II
I buy a rug or a refrigerator,
I never finish paying for it
since installments are due
forever-to the tax collector.
My 30-year-old furniture
should be completely depre-
ciated by now, but is it? Heb!
Sure, I called my County
Supervisor to wall a little
about the tax rise. He lis
tened completely without
discourteSy or interest. Last
year I requested that an ap-
praiSer come to look at my
personal effects (none has).
since I don't think them
worth 10To Of the assessed
value of my house. Yet I
hesitate to value the items
separately since I cannot
guess the worth of an orien-
tai rug which cost $500 fifty
years ago, but now is thread
bare in spots, nor Of a cam
era which cost 1925 back in
the 1930s but has no present
trade-in value since it uses
a size film no longer made.
Previous queries to author
itative sources have gone un-
answered. But Ill bet this
letter will bring action: in
creased taxes for me! That'll
teach me!
Robert L. Eichberg.
Evening star., 1961-06-22

Crary explains. The United
States may claim the honor
of discovering the far south
ern continent but, until
within the last few years.
has done very little In the
exploration of the desolate
regions back of the ice-locked
coasts.
If the 2-to-4-mile- thick
Antarctic ice cap should melt.
it generally is agreed, the
biggest cities in the world
New York, London, Paris,
Moscow-would be under
about 500 feet of water.
But don't worry about 1t,
says DR.. Crary. It will not
happen, in the course of
nature, for at least several
thousand years, and any arti-
ficial melting would require
prohibitively costly amounts
OF energy. Besides, it would
be as damaging to any one
country as to another.
Almost lost sight of, how
ever, are the consequences Of
melting the great North Pole
icecap which covers most of
Greenland, Spitsbergen, Nova
Zembla. Franz Josef Land
and a large part of the Arc
tic Ocean. DR.. Crary says.
This might even be econom-
ically feasible. It would
change radically the present
map of the northern hemis-
phere.
Waste Areas Reclaimed
1t would, at least theoret-
ically, open large waste areas
in Canada and Siberia. Great
cities might arise where now
is only barren tundra peopled
by scatterings of nomads.
There would be considerable
rise in sea level, but hardly
comparable to that which
would follow melting Of the
Antarctic ice. Reclairning the
Arctic some day might be
economically feasible, and
even essential should the
present population explosion
the world over continue.
Throughout time unques-
tionably, DR.. Crary points
out. there have been great
cycles of change in Antarctic
climates, but over very long
periods in terms Of human
history. The evidence indi-
Gates that there has been no
major change in sea level for
at least 1000 years.
1t is very difficult to de-
termine whether ice of the
South Pole continent is in
creasing or decreasing. From
year to year the change is
immeasurably small in either
direction. Much depends on
methods of measurement used
and the location Of these
measurements.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Service Privileges

The eternal issue OF Whetn-
er commissarieS and ex-
change facilities are an un-
justified subsidy to military
personnel appears to be cur
rently a topic of discussion.
But what I have seen fails
to bring to light numerous
facts vital to the issue.
1t would seem that the de-
sired end result of whichever
course is best with or with
out commissaries) is to main
tain a military force of suit
able size and quality at the
least possible expense to the
taxpayers.
Whether we like it or not,
If we want competent people
to remain in the military
service, we must allow them
to maintain a standard Of
living equivalent to a civilian
doing a job involving the
same level Of skill, expert
ence, education, etc. The
well-worn retort Of IF they
don't like it let them get out"
may sound good to a person
of limited understanding but
you can't think very long
about this without seeing
what it would do to the quail
ity of the military service.
To expect someone to remain
and accept a lower standard
purely out of dedication Is
unfair. The protection of the
country is everyone's job.
To have a standard of liv-
ing equivalent to his civilian
counterpart, the service
man must either receive an
equal amount Of money or
obtain his material require
ments at a lower price. The
non-profit commissary is one
attempt to meet this require
ment. The expense to the
taxpayer for the operation
of the commissary is consid-
erably less than what the in
crease in taxes would have
to be to allow the serviceman
to buy an equal amount from
the local merchants. Ger
tainly military personnel are
employed in the commissary
but I am sure a comparison
Of the overhead for a COM
missary and a super-market
will greatly favor the COM
missary. Eliminating the
commissary will mean that
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Marketing Methods

uAICOO COIIS1 dIu1dGlOIlo dIC
in order for Democratic Sem
ator Hart of Michigan. This
modern crusader may not
have taken the knights oath
to aid the poor and oppressed
as in medieval times but
these are not medieval times
as is shown from the modern
marketing methods of that
gouging goliath, the super
market. Senator Hart is en-
gagged at present in an in
vestigation of the mislead-
ing techniqueS practiced by
these chain retailers which
are designed to make the
consumer think he is getting
more for his money than he
actually is. I refer in par
ticular to your enlightening
article on page one of The
Sunday Star of June II,
wherein 1t was stated that
whereas packages continue to
be the same size as always,
the amount of product there
in has been reduced. Further
more, it is difficult to find
out the quantity or the vol
ume of the product for which
one is spending his hard
earned money because of such
shrewd marketing techniques
as printing this figure in
small black letters upon a
green background.
IN our public school system
the advantages of capitalism
and free enterprise are stres-
sed as being superior to those
of ally other economic system
in the world. However, has
not something been left out?
What about the fundamentals
of honesty and fair dealing
on the part of the manufac-
turer and merchandiSer? The
days of P. T. Barnum and his
Sucker born every minute"
thesis and the philosophy Of
that robber baron Co.nmo-
dore Vanderbilt that "The
public be damned" should
have vanished from the
marketing philosophy of the
present day American capi-
talist. I would be the last in
the world to deny the en-
trepreneur, the isk-taker,
his profit. But I was under
the assumption that for the
free enterprise system to work
to bring the greatest good to
the greatest number people
ought to be allowed to make
an intelligent choice as to
which product they will buy
based upon facts and figures
presented fairly and squarely
to them. The competitor who
cannot meet the lower price
and the better quality of his
fellow merchant ought by
the laws of free enterprise to
be driven from the market
with consequent benefit to
the consumer. Apparently, at
present, there is collusion be-
tween manufacturer, mer-
chandiser and their highly
paid advertising and market.
ing research specialists as
how to best fleece the Ameri-
can public.
Bernard r. Saul, jr.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Antarctic Plan for Honoring States
By THOMAS r. HENRY

There may be a United
States of Antarctica.
Americans now are carry
ing out an extensive map
ping program of the bottom
of the world. This involves
giving names to mountains
and vast areas of featureless
ice.
Some can be named-and
have been quite legitimately
after such American her
oes of South polar explora-
ton as Wilkes, Byrd and a
half dozen others. But there
must be caution. Perhaps
no greater immortality can
be bestowed on a man than
having a part of the world
named after him.
So-this is a suggestion of
Capt. Paul Siple, commander
of the United States South
Pole stations-areas may be
named after the various
States. Here again a diff
cult situation arises because
there are now fifty States,
all somewhat jealous of one
another. The present pro-
gram, tentatively approved
by the National Science
Foundation, is to give the
name Of a State, perhaps in
order of its admittance to
the Union, to each newly
mapped area. Thus even
tually there will be fifty such
areas. There will be a South
Pole Maine and a South Pole
Mississippi. Nobody's feelings
will be hurt.
The proposal was explained
by DR.. Albert P. Crary. chief
scientist of the Science
Foundations Antarctic Re-
search Program, at a recent
press conference on the most
recent findings by Americans
in the Far South.
Room for All
This, of course, would not
include the vast areas
pinned down" by British.
Russians. French and others
who established Antarctic
stations in their Interna-
tional Geophysical Year pro-
grams. But there is plenty
for everybody.
1t will be, in a sense. an
empty honor. The continent
around the pole almost
certainly contains great min
eral resources. Considerable
coal deposits have been
found. But, DR.. Crary ex-
plains, it is the considered
opinion of experts that any
mining operations, however
rich the deposits, will be too
expensive ever to yield a
profit.
Actual mapping of Antarc-
tica is barely beginning, DR..
Evening star., 1961-06-22

Germans with nuclear weap-
ons - and this is what the
Communists would immedi-
ately call an aggressive move.
One way or another, this
whole situation might bring
on total war, if the Russians
persist in their present threat
and if President Kennedy
and the allies do not back
down.
Senator Mike Mansfield OF
Montana, Democratic leader
of the Senate, proposed in
the Senate that we consider
unifying Berlin and making
the whole city an interna-
tional zone-and so neutraliz-
ing it. He put the proposal
forth as his own, not as the
Kennedy administrations. He
is no appeaSer, although his
proposal has been assailed
as a step away from our posi-
ton to defend and keep West
Berlin free. Former Vice
President Nixon. Senator
Styles Bridges of New Hamp-
shire, chairman Of the Re
publican Policy Committee OF
the Senate, and other G. o. P.
leaders have criticized the
Mansfield suggestion sharply.
on the ground that it ap-
pears to be giving way on our
position.
Danger in Idea
The danger in the Mans
field suggestion should it be
adopted and concurred in by
the Communists, is that the
same old tactic Of lying down
with the Communists might
turn out to be just another
take-over by the Reds no
matter how the arrangement
may start out. If the Com
munists were to accept such
a suggestion, it would only
be because it fell in with their
own plans of ultimate domi-
nation in Germany. The Com
munists have never veered
from their fundamental drive
to advance international COM
munism until it covers the
world.
Cuba and Laos have been
tests of the Kennedy admins
tration-and continue to be
tests-but this Berlin case
promises to be an even more
severe test Of the admins
tration's wisdom and forti-
tude. The Cuban invasion
failed of its unwillingness to
go the whole route; because
it tried to play both sides
of the road. It's failure was a
real blow to our prestige, and
it also aroused in the minds
of our allies a doubt as to
how far the United States
can be relied upon. If this
country is to do anything
about the Communist build
up in Cuba, it must take the
lead forcefully itself, and hope
that the other members
of the Organization of Ameri-
can States will fall in behind
us.
If we sit back and wait for
the other members of the
OAS to take the initiative.
they are no more likely to
stick their necks out than
were the anti-Castro Cubans
in Cuba after President Ken
nedy's announcement, before
the Inflated invasion was
launched, that the United
States would not use its
armed forces to aid the in
vaderS.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Our Neglected Zoo

The Zoo does look frumpy
very much like an impov-
erished, neglected, underfed
Southern farmyard.
Can't the Nations Capital
do better? If you don't be-
lieve it, drive through the
Zoo about six-thirty pm.
Mrs. Charles M. Clegg.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Melancholy Memoir

It is melancholy thing to reflect
upon what has happened in and to
the world since Adolf Hitler, on this
day twenty years ago, unleashed his
blitzkrieg armies in an unprecedentedly
massive assault on the Soviet Union.
Up to that fateful moment, the
NaZi leader and Josef Stain had been
Joined in one of history'S most cynical
and most evil alliances But now came
the. Shattering of their marriage of
convenience; now came the divorce and
the moment of truth; now the thieves
and the murdererS fell out; now the
ruthless dictator of the USSR found
himself caught up, calamitouSly, in the
treachery and duplicity he had willingly
and enthusiastically shared with Hitler
Quite obviously there was a meas
ure of poetic justice in all this. And
more than a few free men around the
world, when they first heard the
electrifying news of the assault on the
Soviets, expressed the understandable
hope that both Sides-the attacking
NaziS and the attacked Communists
would kill each other off, slowly but
surely. But as everybody knows, of course,
things worked out quiet differently.
Thus, although Hitler's legions
swiftly destroyed whole Soviet armies,
and although the USSR seemed near
complete collapse in the early weeks
of the assault (Nikita Khrushchev and
others in Moscow have since accused
Stain of having almost lost the war
through stupidity. the Kremlin had
twosdeciSive things in its favor: (1) The
oppressed Russian people, great seq
NESTS of whom hated their Red tyranny
and might have collaborated with the
Germans to get rid of it, were atrociously
dealt with by the NaziS And (2) Brit
ain and the United States, as soon as
Russia was invaded, offered all-out aid,
and this aid became so enormous that
historians, although they are still
debating the matter, can make a most
persuasive case for the view that the
Russians-despite their heroic defense
andcounter- -offensive-would have been
utterly conquered without it.
Certainly, given this historical
background, one can hardly fail to
feel a sense of depression or pessimistic
sadness in contemplating how Moscow
has.repaid our country, Britain and the
West in general for helping to save the
USSR from destruction. After all,
ever since the Second World War came
to an end with We Day and VI Day,
the men of the Kremlin and their
co-conSpirators around the globe have
been sparing no effort to bring about
the downfall of our free society.
The record is dismal on this score.
It includes the enslavement in violation
OF solemn accords, of nearly a dozen
onee-independent lands in Eastern
Europe. It includes also such things as
the aggression in Korea, the terrible
suppression of Hungary, and the con-
slant threat to free Germany, as
Symbolized now by Mr. Khrushchev's
menacing new talk about West Berlin
an attitude that could lead to a catas-
trophic war.
This is but small sampling of
the Kremlin's present global policy.
To put it mildly, it is a policy so omi-
nous that one has reason to feel that
the world today would be no worse
than it iS-and might even be a bit
less bad-had we declined to help
Stain after what happened to him on
June %, 1941.
Evening star., 1961-06-22
Series on Whites

Here is one reader who did
not appreciate the bleeding
hearted slosh of Haynes
johnson on the subject of
Washington Negroes, ladled
out under your auspices, and
who would like to roundly
second the suggestion made
by two readers that your
attention now be turned to
a series on the whites in
Washington. 1t is long ov-
erdue. And please don't give
the assignment to the afore-
said Mr.. johnson.
Donald F. Haynes
Evening star., 1961-06-22
THE POLITICAL MILL
JFK Facing His Severest Test
BY GOULD LINCOLN

The United States has
found that lying down with
the Communists has been
both sad and educational.
Not that the United States
has tried such a procedure in
recent years. But we have
acquiesced when freedom
minded peoples in other
countries have been placed in
such position. It happened
in the countries Of central
Europe, in China, in Wet
Nam. We went to war to
prevent it's happening in
Korea. Today. it either has
happened or is In process in
Cuba and in Laos. Soviet
Premier Nikita Khrushchev's
newly announced deadline
for signing a peace treaty
with East Germany has be-
come the Communists latest
trial of such a tactic.
Former President Harry S.
Truman, with his firm "doc-
trine" and material aid, saved
Greece and Turkey from the
Communists. He also moved
fast to prevent the North
Korean Communists, backed
by Red China and Soviet
Russia, from gobbling up the
Republic of Korea. Former
President Eisenhower ended
the Korean war, established
a Far Eastern policy which
saved the Nationalist Chinese
on Formosa and succeeded
in checking Communist
gains in the Middle East and
in Guatemala. Like Mr.. Tru-
man, Gen. Eisenhower never
gave an inch on preserving
the freedom of West Berlin.
Mr.. Khrushchev's present
insistence regarding East
Germany and West Berlin is
merely the latest threat-and
perhaps the most serious.
The Russians aim is both to
make progress toward the
communizing Of Germany as
a whole and to disrupt the
alliance Of the free nations
Of Western Europe and the
United States. The Kennedy
administration, it is reported,
is moving swiftly to discuss
with our allies the course
which must be pursued if
Mr.. Khrushchev's threat is
carried out to write a peace
treaty with East Germany
Communist Germany. The
Soviet could then recognize
East Germany as an inde-
pendent nation, having full
control of the corridor" to
West Berlin, with authority
to close that corridor, both
on the ground and in the air,
against trade and any other
communication with the free
world.
Question for Allies
If Mr.. Khrushchev goes
through with such a pro-
gram, what are the allies to
do? Are they to fight for
their treaty rights and the
freedom of West Berlin and
its two million people, or are
they to back down and await
future action by the East
Germans, including the East
Berliners? The Communists
could put 20 or 80 Red di-
visions Of the Red armies In
the area in an effort to over
awe the nations of Free Eu-
rope. One answer to this
might be to provide the West
Evening star., 1961-06-22
They've Sure Made q Convert of Thot Republican!
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry tDrtteTs' correct
names and addresses. AH let
ters are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDtll be
returned only DheD accom-
panied by self addressed,
stamped envelopes.