davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-05
Ke's Five Stars

John Fitzgerald Kennedy certainly
was not hiding behind the door when
the instinct for the gracious touch was
being passed out. And in saying this,
we intend to cast no reflection on his
sincerity in recommending to Congress
that former President Eisenhower be
restored to his military rank of General
! Of the Army.
At the same time, this surely must
raise the art of winning friends and
influencing people to a new high. For
: Mr.. Kennedy based his recommended
ton on President EiSenhower'S out
standing military record and his long
public service to our country in war
: and peace" The President has thus
paid a graceful tribute to his predeces-
sor, who must feel somewhat disarmed,
politically speaking. We hope that
Congress will take the next step and
restore the five-star status which Mr..
Eisenhower voluntarily relinquiShed in
1852. If any man has earned it, he has.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
DC. |Frontier'

On the very day that our new Com
missioner, Walter N. Tobriner, was elo-
quently urging the District of Columbia
toward a New Frontier" of its own, the
House Appropriations Committee was
cutting off the gas needed to get it there.
hFor this is the effect of the committees
refusal to approve $6-million addition
to the Federal payment which Congress
owes the District this year-a refusal
which inevitably will mean, not prog
-resS, but further deterioration in the
Capital of the Nation if it is permitted
to stand.
Unfortunately, there is little more
that citizens and officials of the District
can do. Unless President Kennedy will
use his own influence in behalf of these
needed expenditures, which were fully
cleared by the White House under the
previous administration, there will be
mo alternative to crippling cutbacks in
the already-lagging city public works
program.
'' Nor is there any reason to believe
the District can make real progress in
public Improvements, even at a slower
pace, by pushing ahead with the sub
stantial increases in local taxes pro-
posed for next year. From the time the
public works program was launched so
ambitiouSly in 1854, its financial basis
has been the assumption of an equitable
sharing of costs through both higher
local taxation and an adequate Federal
payment. Since then, Congress has ap-
propriated $29 million less in Federal
payments than it has authorized, with
the result that ever-increaSing taxes
have done little more than fill the gaps
left by the deficient congressional ap-
+. preparations.
e.. The Senate Appropriations Commit
tee, as it has done in the past, may take
more realistic view Of the fiscal crisis
in the District. This is a subject, how
ever, on which it is both fitting and
essential that President Kennedy also
speak out, as part of the responsibility
which the Chief Executive historically
has assumed for the well-being of the
Capital City. There is no substitute for
the personal interest and pride which
most of our Presidents have taken in
,.Washington-an interest which Presi-
dent Kennedy has indicated that he in
tends to maintain.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
A National Problem

Prominent In the "action program"
which an advisory group has presented
to the Presidents Committee on Traffic
Safety Is the proposal for Standardiza-
ton Of State traffic laws. The plan for
uniform regulations and their enforce
ment is not new, of course. The National
Safety Council, the American Auto
mobile Association and numerous State
agencies and officials have urged a
standardized method of dealing with
trafhc vtolatorS, especially in cases in
volving interstate aspects. The move
ment has not made much headway,
however, either because of apathy or a
desire to maintain independence Of
action. There is much to be said, never
theless, for bringing about better CO.
ordination of State traffic enforcement
policies and facilities, both for purposes
Of safety and better law compliance.
There is no disposition either on the
part of the presidential committee or
State authorities to have the Federal
Government intervene in traffic control
and enforcement. But there is general
agreement on the need for standardized
o4SASS SpScO 1Iul1LS IOr certain zones,
traflc penalties and highway engineer
ing. The differing laws, signal systems
and other control measures in the vari-
Gus States and cities tend to confuse
motorists and contribute to accidents.
A uniform traffic code" has been
drawn up as guide for the States, but
only few have followed it to any sub
Stantial degree. Safety experts feel that
wider adoption Of the code would make
for safer driving and better law COM
pliance through understanding. And
coordination of the regulations should
lead to better reciprocity among the
States in the reporting of license rev.
ocationS Of persistently reckless drivers.
It is in this deld that the Federal Gov
ernment is lending a helping hand
through the recent establishment here
Of national clearing house for infor-
nation on license revocationS. The ex-
change Of data will be only as extensive
and valuable as the degree of co-opera-
ton extended by State authorities,
however.
Evening star., 1961-03-05

for the new transit plan is essential to
its success. These are differences which,
under the circumstances, must be re-
solved. For the political, financial and
technical obstacles which must be over
come before an effective transit system
can be developed are enormous, under
the best of conditions. If the program
is to move ahead Mr.. Stolzenbach must
obtain the support of public officials at
all levels in both Maryland and Virginia.
and it is no less to their interest to work
with him.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
Careful Approach

With his anti-receSSion program
beginning to pick up speed in the legiSla-
tive pipeline, President Kennedy is
planning to submit to Congress later
this month some of his more funda-
mental and far-reaching views on the
Federal Governments longer-term role
in the national economy. Promised first
of all, about the 23d, is an overall
revision of the fiscal 1862 budget-with
the likelihood that proposals for in
creased defense expenditures will be the
determining factor in a deficit forecast
rather than the surplus of approximately
SIS billion foreSeen by former President
Eisenhower. While revenue suggestions
will be included in the budget review,
it is understood that more comprehen-
Sive recommendations on tax reform
will follow shortly afterward.
Presumably it will be in these mes
sageS that administration philosophy on
economic matters will begin to take
concrete form, that basis will be pro-
vided for comparison between campaign
references to desirable economic policy
and f1rm recommendations for action.
Up to now, the Kennedy approach has
been relatively cautious. The anti
recession measures themselves have not
been extreme ones, and have offered
little ground for apprehension that the
administration will be Stampeded into
haSty, ,large-scale tinkering with the
economic system. One of the best
illustrations, perhaps, of the Presidents
own attitude Of watchful waiting has
been his inSiStence that he will not
recommend further anti-receSSion moves
as such until another administration
judgment on the current state Of the
economy is made in April And while he
emphasized to his most recent news
conference that he believes all pending
steps are needed, he likewise concurred
in the hope that an upturn in the
economy may set in during the second
quarter.
For the long term, there is increas-
ing evidence that the administration
intends to do something constructive
and long overdue in the way of genuine
tax reform. Intensive studies have been
under way, for example, on providing
greater incentive, perhaps through
more liberal depreciation schedules, for
plant modernization. Recognition that
more modern industrial facilities abroad,
many Of them entirely new since World
War II, have placed us at a competitive
disadvantage figures high in admins
tration thinking on this problem. There
is recognition, too, that individual
income tax rates are too high in the
upper brackets and that adjustment
from top to bottom might stimulate the
entire economy. Withholding taxes on
interest and dividend payments and
tighter control over expense account
deductions are receiving increased
attention as important revenue pro-
ducerS.
Along these lines, certainly, there
is nothing that should be worriSome to
the forces that motivate the economy.
And if the administration program as
it unfolds in the next few weeks should
follow such pattern 1t may in itself
contribute to the hoped-for upturn of
the near future.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
Admit Bandits to U.N.?

How can we discuss dis
armament without includ-
ing Red China?" This is the
question we constantly hear
from so many Of our policy
making officials. I would like
to answer their question with
a few questions. Can you
name a single incident when
the Communists have lived
up to an agreement that was
not to their own advan-
tage? When Gen. George
Marshall was our Ambassa-
dor to China in 1945 he at
tempted to form a coalition
government with the Ma
tionalists and Communists.
Five times the national gov
ernment and Mao Tse-tung
agreed to a truce to nego-
tiate. Didn't Mao belle the
Marshall truce each time to
move his army into a better
striking position? Why don't
we learn from past mistakes
instead of following the same
footsteps of wishful think
ing?
Until Mao Tse-tung turned
the mainland Of China into
a police state the Chinese
name for Communists was
"ba lu." Translated this
means bandits. In the heart
and mind of the Chinese
people Mao and his hench-
mem are still bandits.
Over. and over again one
hears recognition of Red
China is inevitable" Our
Ambassador to the United
Nations went into that office
with this defeatist attitude
and still we ask the small
nations of the world to look
to us for support in gaining
their freedom. Since when
did we become a nation that
accepts a wrong in such a
feeble way? Are we to teach
our children right from
wrong and yet ask them to
understand when we accept
a wrong" without a qualm
if it seems inevitable? If
this is true then God help us
and our children and our
children's children.
Jeanne Scott Lee.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
FROM THE STAR FILES.
so Years Ago

The 61st Congress prac-
tically blew the dome off the
Capitol as it adjourned so
years ago. A near free-for- =
all started when the Demo-
Gratis filibuStered so long
against a tariff bill that
President Taft was obliged
to call an extra session to get
action on some of the Ad-
miniStration'S pet projects.
The Star of March 4, 1911,
reported: Marked by scenes
of the widest disorder, with
Senator Owen of Oklahoma
refusing to meet President
Taft, Senator Bailey of Texas
handing in his resignation,
and Representative johnson
of Kentucky threatening
Speaker Cannon, the 61st
Congress adjourned today ;.
Not in the memory of the
Oldest veteran in either body
have such scenes been enacted
around the Capitol. 1t was
necessary at one point to
threaten the entire DEM
ocratic side Of the House
with arrest under the mace
This did no good. The mi
nority, individually and coll
lectively, showed little respect
for the sacred symbol of the
authority of the body.
Hundreds of spectators
crowded onto the usually in
violate floor. Representa-
tive Johnson, angered when
his name was skipped in a
roll call, stood in front of the
Speakers desk, brandished
his fist and yelled savagely:
If you were a younger man,
I'd hurl a brick at your
Speaker Cannon replied! III
take no advantage Of my age
whereupon the parliamentary
mallet crashed down.
Senator Bailey was angry be-
cause Democrats had voted
to approve Arizona's consti-
tuition, which was contrary to
his ideas of government. ..
This was Uncle Joe Can
mons last day as Speaker. D..
For some time after the
House adjourned, the mem
bers, both Republicans and
Democrats, remained on the
floor, fraternizing and sing
ing patriotic songs. :"
(Senator Bailey withdrew his
resignation the following
day.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
100 Years Ago

war CLOUDS noVereQ on the
horizon. but the elements
controlled by nature were
reasonably kind when Abra-
ham Lincoln was tnaugurated
President a century ago. The
1861 inaugural edition of The
Star said: This important
4th day of March, 1861,
dawned rather inauspiciously
with leaden skies, and torna-
does Of dust, which was lev
eled somewhat later by a
slight fall of rain. AS the
morning wore on, however,
the skies frightened, and the
wind lulled, auguries noted
with some complacence by
those. who. pin their faith
upon. such omenS. Sat-
urday night, about 100 men
in small parties were at
work removing the dust from
the main Avenue between the
Capitol and the Presidents
Mansion. So extensive did
it (the job prove, it was
entered upon again last night
and finished. Gwen so,
attendants had to beat the
dust off Lincoln's clothes be-
fore he made his inaugural
address, The streets early
were crowded with pedestri-
ans, 80 faces out of 100 being
those of strangers. The crowd
in this city is undoubtedly
larger by half than on any
previous occasion of the sort
=. 1t is noticed by some Of
our bonifaceS that the
strangers whether from
Cne ClgnCneSS OF Cne times or
the prevalence of Maine law
principles, do not liquor up to
any appreciable extent. Prob
ably such another cold water
army never assembled here.
"Lincoln'S departure for
the Capitol was described
thusly: ". When the Pres
ident and President-elect
emerged from the lower
Fourteenth street, door of
the hotel (Willard's) they
were warmly applauded, and
we heard not a single
remark offensive to (either).
Mr.. Lincoln seemed to
bear his honors meekly, and
to be not at all excited by the
Surging, swaying crowd which
surrounded him. Mr.. Bu-
chanan's private carriage
Evening star., 1961-03-05
McGM Draws Fire

1t has been said that a
radical is one who traces all
the evils of society to unjust
laws and defective institu-
tions. The radical, therefore,
advocates sweeping changes
in laws and methods of gov
ernment with the least pos
sible delay, hoping to remedy
these evils. There are many
radicals today masquerading
as liberals.
I would Judge Columnist
Ralph McGill to be a radi-
cal liberal. He seems bent
upon reshaping Our form Of
government, and especially
our way of life, to correct
evils arising from social con-
ditions. Mr.. McGill has
launched an attack upon
Senator Byrd of Virginia, a
conservative, on the issue of
Federal aid to education.
Mr.. McGill seems to believe
that only through Federal
aid can the youth Of the Ma
ton be educated. Senator
Byrd is opposed to this idea.
He believes that education is
a local matter lying close to
parental control. He knows
that Federal aid is the
straightest road to Federal
control and that one Of the
first controls to be applied
will be forced integration.
Senator Byrd knows that in
areas of dense Negro popula-
tion forced school integration
will destroy the public school
for the white child.
In his fight to preserve
our form Of government and
our way Of life Senator Byrd
has the backing and the
well-wisheS of most native
Virginians.
Harvev II Hauitf
Evening star., 1961-03-05

piled: This would be my
message to mankind-"Be
quiet, be quiet!"
Always it is in the school
Of silence that the sublime
simplicities of faith capture
and calm our agitated spirits.
What a conspicuous place
the ministry of silence has
had in the lives of those to
whom the world owes most.
The greatest things in art
and literature, and in every
creative realm, are wrought
not by agitated upheavals,
not in roar and rush. but in
the serenity cultivated in the
shell of silence. George Giss-
ing makes one of his charac-
ters state this positive con-
clusion. More than half a
century of existence has
taught me that most of the
wrong and the folly which
darkens the earth is due to
those who cannot possess
their souls in quiet, and that
most of the good which saves
mankind from destruction
comes Of life that is fed in
thoughtful stiffness" What
a profound depth of meaning
there is in that scriptural in
junction, BE still and know
that I am God"
If there were more who
knew the strength and stam-
ina which await those who
know the secret of the shut
door perhaps North Americas
estimated yearly demand for
4 million pounds of aspirin,
to say nothing of tons Of
tranquilizers, might show a
startling decrease. In the
face of statistics such as these
one commentator, with his
hand upon the pulse Of our
jittery time, recently re-.
marked: "The continental
headache is due to several
causes, but one Of them con-
sistS of our reluctance, or
sheer inability. to remain still
awhile"
But in the chapel Of still
ness the vital thing is not
that we then lift our voices to
God, saying, Listen. Lord.
for Thy servant talketh," but
Speak, Lord. for Thy serv-
ant is listening" It was out
of that sort of guiding expe-
rience which led one emerg-
ing from the closet Of the
shut door to write:
He tells me UhGt I ought
to do,
He tells me Dh1t to try.
And so Ue iOGlk together,
My Lord and I.
Thus, in these days leading
up to the passion the gist Of
what the Christ whose
wounded footprints we follow
is saying to each one Of us is:
when thou enterest into the
secret place, when you face
yourself and. Me, shut the
door!"
/ giue you the end OF a
golden string,
Only tDind it into a ball, .
1t 1Dill lead you in at Heavens
gate, Z
Built in JeruSdlem'S DdH.
And the opening Of Heav-
emily gates in the here and
now depends largely on the
closed doors Of quiet medita-
tion and communion.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
CoIonioIism Here and There

Before our country goes
any further in its present
policy of anti-colonialism, it
behooves our Government
and our people to cease being
so hypocritical as to demand
per Sc of others the resigna-
ton of that very policy by
which we have now our coun-
try, our people and our power.
The greatest instance of colo
nialism in the whole world,
and the most successful, is
the founding and building of
what has become during the
process the United States of
America. The process of col
onizing, as most of us know,
was started by the Spanish,
French, English and Dutch
seizing and settling points
along the Atlantic coast and
was perhaps ended with the
taking of Hawaii and the
Philippines.
Texas, New Mexico, Ari-
zona, California and Nevada
were taken from Mexico and
colonized by Americans later
than Algeria was seized and
colonized by the French. Mo-
zambique Portuguese South
east Africa was in part COL
onized by Portugal before any
of the original settlements in
our own Thirteen Colonies.
The American colonists
drove out or destroyed the
native people they found here
far more thoroughly and saw
agely than did the French and
Portuguese Cor later the Bel
gians) in their territories in
Africa. The native peoples
living under French, Portu-
guese or Belgian rule have
been and are better cared for
than the American Indians.
They also live under better
conditions than they did pre-
vious to their coming under
European control. Algeria, for
example, is criss-crossed with
good roads, dotted with mod
ern towns. enjoys up-to-date
communications and much
improved agriculture and the
native population is now
about six times what it was
in the 1830s when the French
went there. In contrast to
what happened here, the
Arabs and Berbers were not
herded into reservations or
Evening star., 1961-03-05
Demerit for Rambler

"The Rambler" George
Kennedy. wrote a column on
a subject very dear to our
hearts-Scouting. He looked
back so years to when he was
a Scout, and in comparing
his experiences with the ac-
tivities of present day Cubs,
he seemed to find something
lacking.
Someone should invite Mr..
Kennedy to attend a Pack
meeting and let him see what
goes on there. Let him see
the displays of articles the
boys have made. Let him
hear the BuckSkin Reports
definitely the highlight of
each program, and not with
out a few touches of humor)
Let him hear the Cubmaster
tell what has been done in
the way Of taking the boys
on field trips, where they
learn a great deal and stir
up their curiosity. We've Wis
tied a Nike missile site, a
sewage treatment plant, the
Pan American Union, wit
messed a fire demonstration
put on by rival military and
volunteer fire departments:
visited Annapolis; visited
Gettysburg and so on.
Let him hear what we have
done to help others. There is
the Good Will bag diStribu-
ton; get-out-the-vote cam
paign; and in our particular
case, we provided a family of
eight with a big Christmas
dinner, plus food enough for
several weeks after, two sta
ton wagons full of boxes
containing clothes and toys,
and some handmade decora-
tions for their tree, which the
boys had made. Just recently
we helped out the March Of
Dimes by collecting SIT in
about As minutes one night.
Mr.. Kennedy, eat your
words!
Evelyn X. Bartlett,
Secretary, Cub Scout Pack
705, Oxon Hill, Md.
Evening star., 1961-03-05

was first drawn up to the
entrance, but :. we judge
that the President-elect pre-
ferred an open carriage,
where all could see him, as
one was substituted. :"
The route was well guarded,
but police and troops were
jumpy. "As the civic portion
of the procession passed up
the Avenue, there was a
singular sound, not easily de-
Scribable-a sharp, cracking,
rasping sort of detonation,
at regular intervals of per-
haps three seconds. Police,
alert for implements of as
sassination, walked up and
down the line, completely
puzzled. The locale of the
peculiar noise soon became
narrowed down to the New
England delegation. 1t
seems that New England
folks wear 'pegged' boots and
shoes pretty generally, and
this season with extra heavy
soles on account of the deep
SHOWS. Coming South, the
unusual heat and dryness Of
the atmosphere here has
shrunk the peg-timber of
their footgear excessively, oc-
casioning a general squeak
ing with every movement,
swelling in the aggregate,
when the delegation was
keeping step in line, to a
volume perceptible, in pauses
Of the Marine Band, for sew
eral blocks. :" When Lin
coin looked in vain for a
place to lay his stovepipe hat
before speaking, Stephen A.
Douglas is said to have held
it on his knees, a symbol of
unity. Lincoln was sworn in
by Chief Justice Roger Taney.
the Marylander famous for
his decision in the Dred Scott
case. In his eighties then, he
deeply distrusted the new
President.
Evening star., 1961-03-05

moved en- masse from one
place to another.
1t is, therefore. perfectly
logical of the French, Bel
gians, Portuguese and others
to resent our assumption Of
being more just than they,
and to resent our demanding
that they give up territory
which is less completely theirs
because they were less ruth
less in destroying or diSpos-
sessing native populations
than were we in the United
States.
Whether we admit 1t or
not, our civilization is a Euro
pean Christian civilization
with the same background,
foundations and aspirations
as those of Europeans. We
cannot afford to behave as
though we were Of different
clay just because we have
gotten ours" comfortably
under our belts. , =
There is and has been
plenty to criticize in colonial
ism all over the world but, !
cannot think the answer is
always to demand freedom"
for all peoples. Many are not
ready for or capable of han
ding what to us is freedom.
These if given their "own
head" will probably be used
by international communism
to attempt to destroy, or de-
stroy, the results of the many
centuries of struggle through
which Christian Europe and
America have passed to gain
a certain amount of dignity
and liberty. And, while there
are many things wrong in
colonialism and particularly
its application, there are also
things to admire which CO.
lonialism has accomplished.
We had better "close
ranks" with the rest of the
West-while there are ranks
to close with. We and the
other Western nations should
go no further in giving up
territory in Africa or else
where-territory which If re-
leased will probably become
communistic.
We have made terrifying
mistakes since the close of
the last great war, especially
with regard to China, Korea,
Cuba and the Congo. Let us
not make any more!
ClarksOn j. BeaII.