davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-07
FLRSTHAND REPORT
As Laos Awaits Conference on It's Fate

cause they lost ground with the
people and finally were ostracized.
What Might Have Been
There are those who say the
tide could have been turned on
either one of two counts:
l. American backing for Kong
lie, the army strong man who took
control of the country in last
years coup. One school Of thought
holds that the Americans were
too hard on" Kong lie and thus
negated opportunity for a truly
neutral government.
2. United States support for
Souvanna Phouma when he be-
came premier in the Kong lie
government. In this case, the ar
gument goes, Prince Souvanna
would not have swung into an
anti-American and eventually pro-
Communist orbit.
Perhaps the really important
explanations Of Laos run even
deeper; to the fact that the United
States-as the worlds richest ma
tion-is also destined to be one Of
its most unpopular.
In dealing with the unsophisti-
Gated people Of q country such as
Laos, the United States operates
under a terrific handicap. 1t IS
sheerly impossible for Americans
to get down to the level of the
people, and those to whom it gives
money and major assistance are
also unlikely to do so.
The Ronk and File
Not so the Communists. In Laos,
the Communists were the Pathet
Lao and the Vietminh, both dis
tinguishable from the ordinary
people. If there were Russians and
Chinese involved, they had vir-
tually no contact with the villages
and the rank and file Of popula-
tion.
In this sense, the Youth Corps
may have some meaning and some
usefulness. 1t comes too late for
Laos. but might help elsewhere.
The real note Of pesSimism lies in
the basic unlikelihood that any
American, regardless of noble as
pirations, will be able to live for
long periods in an environment
such as that Of rural Laos.
The Communists can and do,
because essentially they are q part
Of the life they seek to influence.
Evening star., 1961-05-07

munist orbit and-quite possibly
the beginning Of the expulsion of
American forces and influence
from the continental portion Of
Southeast Asia.
Or If this is not to be the case,
the brush war of Laos will have
been exchanged for a much larger
conflict in Thai, or South Wet
nam, or both.
Evening star., 1961-05-07

Has the Central Intelligence
Agency, or the Pentagon, or the
Atomic Energy Commission grown
so powerful as to negate at will
the policy Of the White House
and the State Department? Is
the tail. any tail, wagging the
dog? Do we really know what
we are talking about when we
oppose communism?
Evening star., 1961-05-07
Inquiries:
Ignorance

The President Of General
Electric last week told Senate
investigators he did not know
=, Of price fixing in the industry
in recent years.
Late last month, in a speech
before the Minneapolis Junior
Chamber of Commerce, Henry
Ford II offered some advice to
his fellow captains of American
industry in the wake Of the price
Evening star., 1961-05-07
By WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.-The
story behind the Laotian cease
fire is q curious drama of diplo-
matte maneuver and counter
maneuver in which the West. for
once, has refused to be victimized
by double and triple dealing.
One interesting aspect of the
affair is that the United Nations.
without ever meeting, has played
an important part in influencing
the outcome. The U, N. has been
a kind of ghost rider in the drama.
The essential fact which held
up a cease-fire in Laos for more
than month was that Red China
was pulling an old oriental bar
gaining trick selling its con-
cessions twice.
The West had bought a cease
fire. and had paid we'll for it. 1t
had agreed to a neutralist Laos;
to revival of the Indian-Polish-
Canadian Control Commission;
and to convocation May IL in
Geneva of 14-nation conference
at which the American and Red
Chinese foreign ministers would
meet.
To face-conscious Chinese, the
conference was highly important
part of the price. Among other
things. it represented a form of
United States diplomatic recog-
milton.
Chinese Reneeotiotion
No sooner had they struck this
bargain. however, than the Chi
nese began to renegotiate it. There
could be a cease-fire, they said,
only If the United States first
withdrew its personnel and sup
port from the country. A neutral
ist Laos would not be enough. in
other words; the country would
have to be abandoned to the
mercy of the Communists.
Soon there was still another
demand On April 81. Prince
Souvanna Phouma said the Boun
Gum regime would have to meet
with the Pathet Lao on the latter's
territory, under prejudicial condi-
tions, and agree on the compost
ton Of a government to represent
Laos at the May IL conference.
A Communist -oriented govern
ment would have to be sealed and
delivered, that is, before the con-
ference-ostensibly to decide Laos
future-discussed the question.
This was a far cry from the
original agreement. The price had
more than doubled since a check,
presumably for payment in full,
had been written. Happily the
West could stop payment on the
check; and it Immediately threat
ened to do so.
The United States hinted that
it was about to bring the issue
to the United Nations. The Chi
nese had been counting on the
West being so caught up in the
momentum of the May IL con-
ference that it could not back
out without severe embarrassment.
There would be no embarrassment
for the West, however, in going
to the U. N.
And a U. N. debate would be a
very different matter from a IA
nation conference from the point
OF view of the Communists. It
Evening star., 1961-05-07
U. N. as the Ghost
In Laos Ceose-Fire

would mean, for one thing, that
the Red Chinese would be denied
their turn on the world stage;
the United States had the votes
to bar Red Chinese participation,
at least so long as the issue was
kept in the 11-nation Security
Council.
The Old Commission
Referral to the U. N. would also
mean that the Indian Polish Ca
madam commission could be by
passed and replaced, If the West
wished. In 1859 the Security'Coun-
Gil had sent a subcommittee to
Laos over Soviet opposition, cir
cumventing the veto. It could be
done again.
Finally, U. N. debate would
mean that differences of approach
between the Russians and Red
Chinese would be held up to a
glaring spotlight. Russia would
have hard time, for example,
voting against a ringing new call
for an immediate fire, since
Moscow claimed to be in favor of
one.
For these and other reasons, in
cluding the prospect Of maximum
publicity for their delays and dou-
BILE dealing, a U. N. debate would
have been highly embarrassing for
the Reds. They stood to lose not
only the money they had already
collected for cease-fire, but a
good deal more to boot.
The threat to 60 to the U. N,
was first leaked April %. Less
than 48 hours later, the Pathet
Lao rebels, dropping extraneous
demands, proposed a truce meet
ing with the loyaliSt army in no.
mans-land. The meeting took
place May 2, and produced a local
cease-fire. On May 3, a further
such meeting resulted in a general
truce.
1t was a case of remarkably
quick resultS-especially consider
ing that the U. N, the lever used,
had never officially met.
Accidental" Breakdown
There is no guarantee, of course,
that the truce will stick. Once hav-
ing cashed the Vests check
having sat down at next Fridays
Geneva Conference.-The Reds will
certainly try to take back the COM
modify sold. it is said here. No
doubt there will be series Of "ac-
cidental" truce breakdowns, as the
Communists seek to bite off more
and still more additional territory.
The only long-range protection
against such maneuvers would be
a military capacity to make new
fighting disadvantageous to the
Reds. OF this there is no immedi-
ate prospect.
But if the Geneva negotiations
on Laos future do indeed 90 sour.
and/or fighting breaks out anew,
there is no good reason why such a
capacity could not be mustered.
Indeed. there is no reason why 1t
could not be mustered Immediately
If the pro-Western government of
Laos will cooperate.
The West could even arrange a
kind Of diversionary counterattack
in the form of guerrilla attacks
inside North Wet Nam. The game
OF infiltration and armed subver-
sion can be played in more than
one direction.
Evening star., 1961-05-07
A FIRST-HAND REPORT
BY WILLIAM A. GLENN
Contributing Writer

VIENTIANE-If and when the
Laos peace conference is assem-
bled at Geneva next Friday 1t will
be one of the strangeSt collections
Of peacemakers in history.
Almost certainly, the Laotians
themselves will not be represented
Or will have only observers of
the two or perhaps three contend
ing factions.
Present for the Communist
Pathet Lao will be the Soviet
Union, Red China, Poland, and
North Vietnam.
Neutralists leaning toward the
Communist side will be Cambodia
and Burma. But because of Laos
proximity to his own country,
Cambodia's Prince Sihanouk may
be less pro- Communist than usual.
Democracies leaning toward
neutralism will be the United
Kingdom and possibly Canada.
Those all-out in favor of de-
mocracy, if such a term can be
realistically applied to Laos. will
be the United States, Thailand,
and South Vietnam.
France will be vindictive and
destructive, as with all matters
residual to Indo-China colo
nialism. Rightly or wrongly. the
impression still prevails here in
American circles that France has
been more sympathetic with the
Pathet Lao than with the royal
government.
India may hold the conference
key. But whether that country is
big or small-minded may depend
upon the mood Of Nehru and other
factors more personal than policy
based.
Taken all in all. the votes are
not strongly with the United
States-nor even neutral In favor
of the United States. With few
exceptions. observers here are Of
the opinion that the conference
cannot possibly bring about true
condition Of peace in Laos.
The Coalition Matter
First. there Is the almost i'm
possible matter Of a coalition gov
ernment. AS even the British
admit, the Pathet Lao have been
guilty Of bad faith in the past and
almost certainly will break their
word again. They can expect to
gain about half the ministries in
a coalition government, and will
use them to subvert the rest OF
the government.
Second, there Is Souvanna
Phouma. the only possible premier
in a neutralized Laos. 1t is almost
unanimously conceded that Prince
Souvanna has moved farther in
the direction of the Soviet camp
since his trip to Moscow and the
cancellation of his visit to
America.
Third, neutrality will play di-
rectly into the hands Of the Com
munistS by removing American
military support and advice from
the country. Thsi can have no pos
sible result except the Communist
orientation Of Laotian policy.
Since the Geneva conference OF
1854. only the United StateS-and
smaller powers such as Thailand
and South Vietnam-have cared
about the freedom or non-Com-
munist alignment of Laos.
Without the determination OF
John Foster Dulles, the kingdom
would have gone down the Com
munist drain long ago.
On Drowins the Line
Whatever the criticisms of the
royal Laotian army, 1t has kept
most Of the country out Of Com
munist control That army is an
American creation and it is sup
ported exclusively with American
funds. When the investment ends.
Evening star., 1961-05-07
Foreign Policy:
A New Look

The Kennedy administration,
In office only little more than
a hundred days" was beset
last week with major problems
Evening star., 1961-05-07

fixing scandals involving electri-
cal firms.
There is really only one thing
for top executives to do at such
a time as this" he declared.
That is to forget the alibis and
the explanations and have the
fortitude - the plain CUTS - to
stand up and say:
This is our failure. We are
chagrined and sorry. 1t will not
happen again :"
The president Of the Ford
Motor Co. Is a member of the
board of directors of the General
Electric Co., one Of the group Of
firms convicted of price fixing.
Last week the president of GE,
Robert L. Paxton, testified before
the Senate Antitrust Subcommit-
tee. headed by Senator Kefauver.
He didn't reveal much.
BY his own account one of the
most uninquiSitive tycoons in
American business history, Mr..
Paxton acknowledged that II
must have been pretty dumb" not
to have known about the price
fixing conspiracy involving his
subordinates.
Il told them not to do it," he
said. 1T never occurred to me
that a man under me was not
doing what I told him not to do"
Evening star., 1961-05-07
NoGossip

The GE president offered
another clew to his general atti-
tude. Before he took his present
high post, he admitted, he knew
of cases Of price-fixing meetings
involving GE officials. Did he
report them? No.
1T has not been my policy to 20
around gossiping in the General
Electric Co. about operations
outside my sphere" he told the
subcommittee.
The testimony of Mr.. Paxton,
who denied charges by other GE
men that he had directed and
condoned price-fixing, was some
what less remarkable than that
Of high-salaried officials of the
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
They told the subcommittee
that they engaged in a conspiracy
to fix prices for high motives
to keep workers employed during
slow periods and to assure the
company high enough profits so
that it could continue its costly
research program.
The electrical industry already
has been given a prominent black
eye because Of the behavior
of some of it's representatives.
whether acting in accordance with
company policy or not.
Business in general also is suf-
fering. But the sordid affair, being
exposed by the subcommittee,
should chasten the guilty for an
other reason. Mr.. Ford explained:
Around the world, we are often
described as a corporate society.
If that is so. and If it is judged
that the corporations are corrupt,
then it will be assumed that the
society itself is corrupt"
Evening star., 1961-05-07

would mean, for one thing. that
the Red Chinese would be denied
their turn on the world stage;
the United States had the votes
to bar Red Chinese participation,
at least so long as the issue was
kept in the 11-nation Security
Council.
Evening star., 1961-10-06

~ :. tOuoU, for best buys and 'o'u' p"e''' ~.
s.s .oI's b. omo1.d ct tn. low value Ie' osa sa'A.O,
p'oOoDg , 3 st;sidoi,. oppRuns.'-Ot the Home 'O''"
a.. and at oil 5 TOdE' stores!
Evening star., 1961-04-08
Twins May Lose
Ramos as Fighter
Aquinst Castro

WEST PALM BEACH, Fla,
April 8 (AP).-Pitcher Pedro
Ramos. one of the top men
on the Minnesota Twins staff,
hints he might be tossing some
thing more serious than base
ball if the situation in his
Cuban homeland becomes worse.
Pedro aligns himself with the
anti-CaStro element of Cuba
and indicates he might have
to return home within a week
or two" if actual fighting
breaks out against the Com
munist-slanted regime in his
homeland.
Ramos, tabled as the Twins
starter in their opener at New
York Tuesday, told Manager
Cookie Lavagetto he has volun-
teered his services to the forces
opposing Premier Castro and
feels obligated to serve if called
upon.
Lavagetto said he is trying
to talk the fast-balling right.
handler out of the idea but so
far with indifferent success.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
Charles Perrin
Dies; Braves
Vice President

FRAMINGHAM, Mass, April
8 (AP). Charles Perrin, vice
president of the Perrin Corp,
which owns the Milwaukee
Braves, died of a heart attack
at Framingham Union Hospital
yesterday. He was 81.
Perrin, who had just returned
from a 25th wedding anniver-
sary trip abroad, had been in
the heavy construction business
for many years. He was born in
Kingston, N. Y. and attended
the University of Georgia.
In addition to his interest in
the Perini group, which has in
terests in many parts Of the
world. he was a director of the
South Middlesex Cooperative
Bank.
He leaves his widow, Audrea;
three sons, Bart, Charles, jr.,
and Ralph; a daughter, Mrs
Jeasur Rivera, all of Framing
ham; three brothers, Louis, OF
Wellesley, president of the cor
poration: Joseph r., Framing
ham; Fred, of Holliston; and
four sisters, Mrs. Edward Cava-
naugh, Mrs. Samuel Sarino and
Mrs. Lawrence Piotti, all OF
Ashland. and Mrs. Joseph Nj
coli, Of Framingham.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
Bemon Out of Masters
Because of Cool Putter

one birdie in SO holes and that
was the result of a brilliant g.
iron shot within two-feet of
the cup in the first round. Be-
man bogied five holes yester-
day. visiting two traps. He
missed at least a half-dozen
birdie puts that usually he
would bet on.
His putting turned so sour
that he planned to go to a
spare he carries, changing put
ters for the first time in more
than a year. That was before
he knew he didn't make the cut
Claude Wild OF Burning Tree
had all kinds of trouble on the
back nine and failed to qualify
with 40-43-83 for 161.
Lew Worsham had one of the
days subpar rounds, a II, ano
is among the leaders at l45
Lew, playing better this winter
than for the last several sea-
sons, is more serious about his
golf.
Bill Collins of Baltimore
made it with 74-72-146, but
Chandler Harper of Ports.
mouth. Va, missed with a u
and no card.
-WHITTLESEY.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
Clubs Select
Pitchers for
Opening Day

Opening-day pitching selec-
tions were announced by teams
in both major leagues today,
and the San Francisco Giants
and Kansas City Athletics went
so far as to list their entire
first-day lineups.
Also, the Detroit Tigers
dropped two players and got
down to the opening-day limit
of %.
Manager Alvin Dark of the
Giants named Sam Jones as
his starting pitcher against the
world champion Pittsburgh
Pirates in San Francisco. Billy
Loes and Jack Sanford will
start the second and third
games.
Dark's starting lineup in
cludes rockies Charlie Hitler,
second base and Tom Haller,
catcher. Felipe Alou, leftfield /;
Harvey Kuenn, third base ;
Willie Mays. centerfield; Willie
McCovey, first base; Orlando
Cepeda, rightfield, and Eddie
BreSsoud, shortstop, complete
the lineup:
Ray Herbert will pitch the
opener for the AS against the
Red SoX in Boston. Manager
Joe Gordon said he'll open with
newcomers Dick Howser, short
stop; Leo Posada. rightfield
and Haywood Sullivan, catch
ing. Jerry Lumpe will be at
second. Norm Siebern, leftfield
Bill Tuttle, centerfield; Marv
Throneberry, first base, and
Andy Carey at third.
/ Other opening day starters
announced were Eli Grba for
Los Angeles VS.. Milt Pappas at
Baltimore; Pete Ramos for the
Twins against Whitley Ford at
New York; Jim Perry of Cleve-
land VS.. Jim Burning at De-
troit, and Dick Donovan of the
Senators against Early Wynn
of Chicago.
National League assignments
include Ernie Broglio of st.
Louis VS.. Warren SPAIN at
Milwaukee and Glen Hobbie of
Chicago VS.. Bob Purkey at
Cincinatti.
At Lakeland, Fla, Outfielder
Bubba Morton and Pitcher Bill
Fischer survived the final cut
as the Tigers prepared to move
north. The club optioned
Pitcher Gordon Seyfried and
outfielder George Alusik to
Denver.
Manager Bob Scheffing said
he also had advised Pitcher Ray
Narleski by telephone to report
to Denver, promising to bring
him up If he did we'll there.
The 32-year-old relief pitcher
quit the Tigers in a huff a week
ago and returned to his Had
donfield. N. j., home when Per-
sonnel Director Rick Ferrell re-
fused to put him on the roster.
Narleski said he had no inten-
ton of going to Denver.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
BY JOSEPH B. KELLY
star Racing Editor

Mrs. Edith L. Prices Yes You
viii. one Of racing's story-book
horses, was tackling another
formidable task today as the
S-to-5 favorite against 13 grass
specialists in the $30,225 Will
wyn Handicap at Laurel.
A former platter who was
raised in his Timonium owners
back yard, Yes You Will was
making his first stakes appear
ance before Maryland fans
since his memorable triumph
in Bowie's Campbell Handicap
slightly more than a year ago.
Chilly breezes were sweeping
Laurel's grass course but the
footing was dry and firm for
the first Of two grass stakes
scheduled during the spring
meeting. Despite the blustery
weather. the largest crowd of
the season-about 8.000-was
expected for the second week.
end program of the session.
Last weeks postponed 50th an
ntversary novely race involving
a man, a horse and a 1911 auto
was scheduled at 1890 pm.
Hinojosa on Favorite
Flashy Herb Hinojosa, Lau-
rel's leading jockey, was to be
introduced formally to Yes You
Will in the paddock today by
Trainer Louis F. (Bake) Price.
Other than a couple of work.
outs, Hinojosa had never ridden
Yes You Will, who was seeking
his first stakes triumph of 1861.
Earlier in the week, Price ex-
pressed concern about the 124
pounds handed Yes You Will
for the Wilwyn by Racing Sec
retary Charles McLennan. Yes
Evening star., 1961-04-08
ROBERTS, OPENER
TO TIE RECORD
BY the Associated Press

Robin Roberts will tie a
National League record
Tuesday night when he
starts his 18th successive
opening day game for Phil
adelphia at Los Angeles.
The "a -.year old right
handler will share the mark
held by the late Grover
Cleveland Alexander.
Roberts. who hasn't
missed an openeK since
1850, will be only two
games shy of the major
league record of the late
Walter johnson, who ap-
peared in IA league cur
tain-raiSers for the old
Washington Senators be-
tween 1910 and 1926.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
By q Star staff Writer

AUGUSTA. Ga, April g.
Deane Beman had to wait 36
holes to make a 10-foot putt at
Augusta National, and then it
came one stroke too late.
The National ateur
champion from Bethesda, Md,
failed to qualify for the final 36
holes with 73-77-150, the
borderline score. He holed a
i0-footer on the 18th for a par
four, the longest putt he made.
Deane apparently used up all
Of his putting luck in the par
three tournament Wednesday.
which he won with a score Of
% including only eight puts
for nine holes.
In the Masters, he had only
Evening star., 1961-04-08
EXHIBITION
BASEBALL
GAMES TODAY

SssRo sSftSH vs. W.;h1HEtGn :, S;e.ad At Durham
Philadelphia VS.. Pittsburgh at Den
yer
New York at St. Louis.
Cincinnati VS.. Milwaukee at Louis
Los Angeles tNl at San Diego CPcLl
San Francisco VS.. Cleveland at Salt
Lake City.
Baltimore vs.. Kansas City at Dsytona
GAMES TOMORROW
Boston VS.. Washington at winston
Salem.
New York at st. Louis.
Cincinnati VS.. Milwaukee at Louis
Los Angeles IN at San DIEGO (PcI! },
San Francisco VS.. Cleveland at salt
Chicago ,N at Chicago tA).
Baltimore VS.. Minnesota at Rich
Detroit VS.. Kansas City at Jackson
Los Angeles CAl at Atlanta CsAJ.
RESULTS YESTERDAY
OlO OO6 OOO-7 13 |
RoSerts 5. Green s iOV '5p pVV and pal:
rymple Friend. Hsddix C5l, Labine
(SI and Burgess, H. Smith (6). W-D.
Green. L-HaddiX.
Home runS-PhiladelphiA Malkmus.
Pittsburgh, Stuart, Hoax.
DETROIT 900 900 O00-0 ) /
Pascual, Plies co. and Battey; Mos;
81, AguiTre 80, Donohus ~ and
BOSTON 900 o2O 10l-4 8 0
CHICAGO (N) 100 900 OQ0-l s 2
O'clock, wills 1s5 and Pagliaroni;
Hobbie and Bertell. W-Delock. L
Home runs-Boston. Hardy, Harrell.
NEW 9!}1s y9nK sod sSI q62 qd2 SSSs SSS-s 70 - 3
Ford, McDevitt (4(, Coates isI,
Arroyo az. James go and Berra,
enauer C9) and Smith, oliver %.
Home run-New York. Mantle.
G6g G66EvEEE4Np Eke n 62 S52 SsS SsS SSS5s SSSs Z
Podres. @ L, ~sRry sherry t55; Perrancski @ S' 1sj
and N. Sherry. w2Beil L-Podres
Home runs-Los Angeles, N. Sherry,
L. Sherry.
cINcI. 900 OO2 600 900 1-3 10 3
MILW. 900 200 900 900 % 8 0
u3 InningS
Hunt. O'Toole (6). Henry nO,
Num- I'D and Zimmerman; SPAIN,
Piche %, Mcmahon (s), cloninger
G3O and crandall. W-Nunn. L.
Home run-Cincinnati. Num-.
Evening star., 1961-04-08
Autry to Throw
Opening Ball

BALTIMORE, April 8 (AP) .
Gene Autry, a former short
stop who gained fame as a
cowboy entertainer, will throw
out the first ball Tuesday as
Baltimore and Los Angeles
open their American League
baseball seasons.
Autry Is chairman Of the
board of the new Los Angeles
team, which is making its
major league debut.
The team is one Of the
many business interests of
Autry,