davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-20
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Wiring Sky Moy Regulate Weather
By THOMAS R. HENRY

Wiring the sky for elec-
tricity promises to be one
way of making weather to
order.
A crucial experiment is de-
scribed in a National Science
Foundation report. It was
carried out in Central Illi-
nois by Drs. Bernard Von-
negut and Charles Moore.
A stainless steel wire,
suspended about 80 feet
above the ground for four
miles, was charged to. a
potential of 10000 volts. This
charged wire ionized--split
off electrons from Satoms-
particles in the air surround
ing and blowing past the
wire. AS a result the air was
given a space charge Of about
1000 times normal.
The object of the expert
ment was to check a hypro-
thesis that clouds become
electrified as a result of the
space charge in the air be-
meath them.
3 May Be Rain Makers
"MeteorologiStS believe, !"
says the report, that electri-
cal factors in clouds may play
a large part in the forma-
ton and release of heavy
rain. This summer work in
Illinois showed that the ex-
perimental approach was a
good, workable one.
with observations taken
from light aircraft it was
established definitely that
the space charge introduced
was rising to cloud levels
and being swept up into the
clouds. 1t remains for further
experiments to show what
physical effects this artifi-
cial identification has on
the subsequent development
of the cloud and its precipi-
tation process.
"An important finding was
that the four-mile-lon wire,
the space charge source, was
much too small and that
the clouds were not absorb
ing as much charge as de-
sirable. AS a result of the
limited but promising sue
cess a more extensive expert
ment is planned for this
year."
Seeding clouds-that is,
filling them with minute
solid particles of some kind
around which water droplets
will form from gaseous wa
ter vapor-remains probably
the most promising means
of artificial rain-making.
Several crucial experiments
now are underway under
auspices of the National
Science Foundation, accord
ing to a report on possible
man-made weather modifi-
cation, just issued by tn e
Foundation. At the Univer-
sity of Arizona, located in
an area which suffers badly
most years from lack of
rain, a carefully designed
research effort has been
conducted during the first
three summers of a five
summer project. 1t is de-
signed to determine whether
seeding clouds from air
planes with particles of sill
yer iodide can modify the
cumulus clouds which form
over the dry Santa Catalina
mountains in the southeast
ern part of the State.
The indications, says the
Evening star., 1961-09-20
THE PASSING SCENE
NeutroFs Duty to HommorskioId
By WILLIAM S. WHIT

It would be too much to
say that the Russians actual
ly and literally killed Dag
Hammarskjold of the United
Nations.
But it is perfectly right to
say that in a more complex
sense he is the victim of a
Soviet international policy of
matchleSs brutality which,
when it does not murder men,
murders all those age-long
habits of at least a relative
civility and tolerance in
which international politics
used to be conducted.
Here, even by the moral
standards Of the Soviet
Union. whose arsenal of prop
aganda epithetS is never di-
luted by justice or fair play,
was no Western imperialist."
For Mr.. Hammarskjold was
from one Of the Oldest and
most persistently neutral of
all the worlds powerS-Swe-
den.
No StOOge
Here, even by the stand
ards Of truth of the Soviet
Union, which is never incon-
venienced by inconvenient
facts, was no agent or stooge
for "colonialiSm." For Mr..
Hammarskjold's long work
had had much to do with the
rise to independence and to
U.N. membership Of many an
ek-colonial land, in Africa
and Asia.
Here was a man, in short,
who was opposed to both i'm
perialiSm and colonialiSm. So
he was a man who had many
times deeply offended those
Western countries, Britain,
France and Portugal and
others, which have imperial
iSt or colonialist pasts.
But here also was a man
who was against all kinds of
colonialism and Imperialism
including the savage new
Imperialism of the Soviet
Union. And this impartiality
the Soviet Union could not
stand. For months the Rus
slams had devoted themselves,
with that famous single
mindednesS of theirs, to the
destruction Of Dag Hammar-
skiold as Secretary General
Of the United Nations. Now
that he himself lies dead, his
body broken in an airplane
crash in Africa, they have
accomplished the destruc-
ton Of the power of Dag
HammarSkjold of the U. N.
and also the destruction of
Dag Hammarskjold as a hu-
man being.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

report, are that the seeding
has produced some i'm
portant effects, such as
larger thunderstorms, more
lightning strokes and the
initiation of rain in clouds
which would not have
precipitated naturally. 1t is
emphasized, however, that as
yet the results are quite
tentative. 1t remains to be
proved that the rain would
not, have come anyway, with
the seeding only an Incl
dental factor.
Other Tests
One crucial check on this
is being carried out in a
Foundation : sponsored ex-
periments in Southern Mis-
souri, by Drs. Horace r.
ByerS and Roscoe R. Bra
ham of the University of
Chicago. Clouds are being
seeded by means of air
carried silver iodide genera
tors and the effects de-
termined by investigating
physical changes in the
clouds themselves rather
than by the frequency and
amount of rain which falls
after the seeding. Radar,
cloud cameras and specially
Instrumental aircraft are
used in the research. For
comparison purposes similar
observations and measure
ments are made on clouds
over the area during days
when there has been no
seeding.
At the University of Yer
mont DR.. r. j. Howard is
investigating ways in which
water droplets form in clouds
without any particles of any
kind around which the wa
ter vapor can condense.
Careful cooling of satu-
rated air Gin the labora-
tory)," says the report,
causes the production of
Supersaturated vapor and
further cooling results fl
nally in the formation of
water droplets even in the
absence of ions, dust parti-
cleS or other condensation
nuclei to which the water
molecules normally would
attach themselves. The early
stages of this transition are
not well understood.
"Dr. Howard will produce
superSaturated vapors under
an infrared spectrometer to
study the coalescence of wa
ter molecules leading to the
growth of visible droplets."
Evening star., 1961-09-20

appear to be in favor of
SELF determination only for
leftist Savages.
Mr.. TShombe seemed to be
one of the few in the Congo
concerned with the MAIN
tenance of order and free
dom.
Further, he seemed to be
clearly on our side in our
struggle with communism.
We appear to have rewarded
him by crushing him. Mr..
Adoula, with Moscow's Mr..
Gizenga at his side, appears
to be veering ever leftward.
1t calls to mind, all too de-
pressingly, the Cuban spec
tacle where our middle eche-
lon State Department people
assiduously helped Mr.. Cas-
tro to power.
C. T. HelImuth.
+ =
Has failure spoiled the
United Nations? 1t has GER
tainly weakened the ScrupleS
of that much lauded con-
clave, profeSsedly the inter-
national conscience of the
family of man.
Noise Tshombe is perhaps
the only responsible African
leader in the Congo. He has
obviously earned the respect
and devotion of his fellow
KatangeSe, as is evidenced by
the overwhelming support
his citizens, both colored and
white, have lent him since
the United Nations unpro-
voked invasion. Never before
in the Congo's brief but tur-
bulent history has a native
leader, from the Marxist
d e m a gogue Lumumba to
straight-faced martinets like
Mobutu, gained such popular
support.
Sensing this, the United
Nations, which seems to view
all pro-Western Africans with
thinly veiled disdain, at
tempted a full-scale military
seizure of Katanga. For a
brief moment this perfidy
seemed rewarded, but over
mig hit Katanga's citizens,
from Baluba warriors to ur-
ban technicians, launched a
spontaneous armed resist
ance, repulSing their self
appointed "liberatorS."
AS this letter is written,
these determined free men
have Stymied their would-be
conquerors in all quarters.
Thousands of them have
taken up weapons in an
swer to their presidents call
to arms, in an unprecedented
show Of unified devotion.
France and Great Britain
have registered shock and
Evening star., 1961-09-20

It is q famous victory for
Soviet policy" For in the
basic sense it was the Soviet
Union which had caused him
to be in Africa at all. He was
there to try to sort out the
incredibly Snarled state of af-.
fairs which enSued when U.N.
troops took up guns to force
the rebellious pro-Western
province of Katanga into a.
central government of the
Congo which is, to say the
least, infected with pro-com-
munism. sp-
Even in sorrow for man
who gave his life for his ideals
of peace, many cannot con-
done this action by the U. NJ.
This correspondent is among
those who cannot and win
not condone it. But, right
or wrong, Mr.. HammarSkjold
had acted in Africa, in the
sometimes tragically wrong
headed way of the idealiSt, to
try once again to placate the
Soviet Union, to demonstrate
the total falsity of its charges
that as an international civil
servant, he was a partisan Of
the West. 80
He had overlooked that
there can be no placation,
with honor, of the Soviet
Union. He had overlooked
that even in the loftieSt par
Lament of mankind - the
United Nations - the Soviet
Union knows none Of the old
civilitieS of civilized inter
national discourse. 9c
nt
The Illusion of Neutral a
He had overlooked that the
Soviet Union permits no dis
sent or disagreement at any
point at all, not even from
those who persist in the great
illusion of our times. -
This is the illusion that in
a world in which the Soviet
Union has trampled every an
cient value it is still possible
to be neutral" lis
The Afro-Asian states for
which he had done so much
can now do one thing for
him - and for themselves.
They can join forces with the
West and so prevent the Rus
slams from completing the
destruction of the one forum
in which those states have
any voice or rheaning-the
U. N. This the Russians will
now seek to do by destroying
the power of the office of the
Secretary General, as the life
of the man who held it has
already been destroyed. F
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

@. How long did Floyd Col
Inns live after he was trapped
in Sand Cave, Ky.?-J. T.
A. The exact time of his
death is not known. The life
less body of the young Ken
lucky explorer was reached
on February 16, 1925; his
foot had been caught by a
falling boulder on January
80. His plight was discovered
on January 81, and rescue
work commenced at once, but
a cave-in on February S pre-
vented rescue workers from
getting food to him, as they
had at the beginning of his
ordeal, and his voice was
heard for the last time oT
that date.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Conditions in Prince Georges County

the County Commission and
the M-NCPPC. When pro-
jected over a period of years,
the figures are profoundly
disturbing.
Zoning Map Amendments
and Special Exceptions.
Petitions granted ---- 246
Disapproved ---------- 81
Withdrawn --------- IL
Under adviSement $500 4
Total considered ------. 318
in Fly 1861
A further breakdown Of
apartment and commercial
rezoning reveals a distress
ing pattern:
From private residential to
apartment coming.
Petitions approved ----- 81
Approved, over the OBJ
lection, in whole or in
part, of the M
NCPP - 10
Disapproved --------- II
Withdrawn --- 3
Under advisement ----- 2
Total considered -------- So
This huge increase in
apartment zoning was made
in the past year despite the
fact that, as of May 1,1961,
some 1,896.25 acres of land
in Prince Georges (housing
a possible maximum of co.
994 persons, were already
zoned for apartments but
unused for that purpose.
This increase was author
lied in spite of the fact, as
reported by an FEA survey
in February 1861, that Prince
Georges had in existence
some 14,758 apartment units,
four times as many as Mont
gomery County, and nearly
as many as D. c. and North
ern Virginia, respectively.
Walter H. MalOney, Jr.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

a bit of prejudice, for visitors
who stop by.
The separate memorial rooms
were authorized by the Oklaho-
ma Legislature in 1921.
Since Oklahoma was still In
dian Territory in 1861, it was
not unusual that its residents
fought on opposite sides.
The Indians of the Five Civ.
ilized Tribes had moved here
from the southeastern United
States and were southern in
customs, manners and ideas.
Many of them were sympathetic
to the Confederate cause.
A Cherokee, Stand Waite, was
commissioned a brigadier gen.
Continued on Page BE-
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

for many years she has been
a member of the Daughters of
the Confederacy. She has served
as state president and national
officer for the organization.
About 10 PAGES north is the
Union Hall, where Miss Rather
inc Ringland is in command.
Her father and grandfather also
were soldiers, "for the Union, of
course"
Miss Ringland, a former kin.
dergarten teacher, took over as
curator of the Union exhibits
In 1855 after her father died. He
had been in charge II years.
Both ladies take pleasure in
relating events of the war, with
unerring accuracy and perhaps
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

tfireefourti1s Of the drivers said
that motoring makes them feel
relaxed, independent and free.
The survey. cited in "The
Lamp" a publication of the
Standard Oil Co, indicated that
most Americans probably still
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03
Two Ladies and a Museum
Keep Civil War Boiling

the only museum in the nation
with separate exhibits.
The Confederate Hall, located
on the south side of the build
ing, naturally, is the pride of
Mrs. T. F. German, a former
history teacher who has been
curator for 16 years. Her faith
er, grandfather and uncles
fought for the rebel cause and
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03
BY Bob Taught
United Press International

OKLAHOMA CITY (UPD-
Two grandmotherly ladies with
strong ancestral pride that
would warm a generals heart
are fighting the Civil War all
over again.
Their battlefield is the Okla
homa Historical Society mu-
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

scum. Their weapons are relics
and souvenirs collected from
both sides of the great conflict
of 100 years ago.
On the third floor of the mu-
scum are two memorial rooms
one honoring the heroes of
the Confederacy, the other dedi-
Gated to those who died to pre-
serve the Union. 1t is said to be
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03
Mt tIie Road

NEW YORK (UPD-A sur.
vey of 5000 motoring men and
women shows that women espe-
cially enjoy driving without an
urg ent destination. About
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

enjoy the leisurely exploration
of the country's byways as well
as its highways.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-08-03

Cotton Is 50 cod FOR hot weather
-. wssr these with your summer
a1is and al sportswssr. Solid col
ess s~d prints. Varying needipes.
some win pockets. A rssi vslue
1t mis- low ps;eel
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-16

tricia Johnson and Ophelia Mae
Davis, will return Fri day to
their home in Akron, o., follow
ing weeks vacation visit here
as guests of Mr.. and Mrs. w. F..
Ransom and other relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. Phil Franck and
family will have as their guests
at Mount View" Mr.. and Mrs.
F'itzhugh Bartol and son,
Skippy, of Arlington, during
their vacation beginning this
week end. Bobby Franck will be
among those from Cumberland
county attending the dairy judg-
ing team at VPI.. Blacksburg,
June 1922.
Martha Nell own. small
daughter of the Rev. and Mrs.
Lee Roy Brown. of Emporia. is
spending this week here with her
aunt, Mrs. Elsie B. McGavock
Miss Marie DoWdy visited Mrs
Tardy Baldwin Sunday after
noon, who returned recently to
her home near Raines from
Southside Community Hospital
! Farmville.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-16

Mr.. and Mrs. M. B. Harlan,
ST., Of PoWhatan, were guests
recently of their son and his
family here at their home on
the Stony Point Road.
Among the dinner guests last
Sunday of Mr.. and Mrs. w. c..
Newman at Coax Hill were M
Sgt, and Mrs. Robert j. Giles
pie and Mrs. Philip Asal, OF
Alexandria, and Mrs. F'reda Tay-
lor, Of Richmond.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. L. McCarter
and daughters spent Sunday in
Richmond visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
j. w. McCarter and Miss Emma
McCarter. They were accom-
panied home by Faye and David
Beasley, who will be guests of
Carolyn and Linda McCarter at
"Woodside" this week.
Mrs. j. w. Harrison, of
LaWrenceville, Mrs. R. A. Little,
Of Emporia, and Mrs. T. N.
Nicholson, of Henderson, N. c.,
were recent dinner guests of
State Trooper and Mrs. E. C.
Harrison.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Arndt and
granddaughter, the Misses Pa
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-16

Ter and son, Benjamin Kesler,
of Fincastle.
Expected week end guests of
Mr.. and Mrs. H. G. Atkinson are
their son-in-law and daughter,
Mr.. and Mrs. j. l.. Walker, Of
Richmond.
Invitations have been received
from Mr.. and Mrs. William Roy
Pembelton to attend the
wedding of their d aughte r.,
Bertha Pearl, to Ernest Landin
Norman, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
W. T. Norman, of Cumberland
Saturday. July l, at 8 pm, in
the Sandy Greek Baptist Church
at Deatonville in Amelia coun-
ty.
Mrs. w. D. Wilkinson arrived
last week to spend the summer
here with her daughter, Mrs. R
R. Garnett and family.
Mrs. Margaret P. Boggs was
recent overnight guest Of Mr..
and Mrs. j. Leake Pitts in Roa-
noke.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur W. Davis
were among the so guests present
last Sunday, June II, for the
eighty-fourth birthday anniver-
sary celebration honoring Mrs.
Lucy Duncan, which was held
on the wooded lawn Of the Oak
wood Methodist Church near
Columbia. Dinner was spread
under the large grove of oak
trees. followed by a social get
together and singing of Spiri
tual hymns inside the church
Mrs. Duncan is an aunt of Mrs
Davis.
During the past week Mr.. anC
Mrs. M. M. George and Stuart
George had as their guests Mr.
and Mrs. v. A. Belvin with theiI
daughter, Edith Marie and son
Stuart and Miss Mary Catherine
Collins, of R i h m n d. Mrs
George spent Thursday and Fri
day visiting her son, Tuppe
George and his family in Boz
Air. Mrs. Upper George has re
turned to her home from the
hospital with her infant daugh.
ter, Wendy Jeanne.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-16

rived Saturday from Chelmsford,
Mass. for a visit with her moth
er. Mrs Grady w. Garrett. Mrs.
Shealy and sons expect to spend
two weeks here while Mr.. Shealy
is on a business trip to Wash
ington, D. c. Other guests of
Mrs. Garrett during the week
end were her son, w. Allen Gar
nett and his family from Ia
koma Park. Md.
Cadet Dwight L. Johnson, Jr.,
joe returned to his home 80"
Motel last week from VPI.,
Blacksburg, to spend the sum-
mer here with his parents and
other members of the family.
Mr.. and Mrs. James S. God
sey, accompanied by the Misses
Louise Meador, Mary Godsey,
Page and Janet Godsey, visited
Miss Grace Godsey Sunday at
the Richmond Eye Hospital,
where she had undergone a ca
taract operation. They also visi-
ted Mr.. and Mrs. T. Edward
Wilson and family, of Sandston.
Mrs. Ada B. Shepard spent
Friday night at Guinea Mills as
the guest of her sister-in-laW,
Mrs j. B. Blanton and the E. w.
Blanton family.
Guests of Mr.. and Mrs. j. c.
Hayes last Sunday were Mr.. and
Mrs. E. Glen Hayes and daugh-
ters, Clara and Elizabeth, of
Buckingham, c. H. The Misse
Clara and Elizabeth Hayes re-
manned for a weeks visit at
Trenton.
To California
Harry Harrison. son of State
Trooper and Mrs. Emory c. Har-
rison, left Thursday of last week
to enter the University of Cali
fornia, Los Angeles, for six
weeks study course.
Among those from a distance
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-16
Cumberland News And Social Events

CUMBERLAND, June IS
Mail box improvement will be
among the interesting topics
for discussion at the June meet
ing of the Cumberland HID Club
Wednesday, the 2lst. A demon
stration of Hawaiian salads will
be given by Miss Becky French,
of Sunny Side. also soap and
d e terge demonstration by
Miss Dot Goodman, of Guinea
Mills. The highlight subject for
discussion will be led by Mrs.
Elsie McGavock, on the dreaded
dis aSe, cancer. Mrs. Nc
Gavock. Cumberland County
Welfare director. is chairman of
the health committee for the
Club The meeting will be held
in the home of Mrs. Catherine H.
Shepherd at 8 pm.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Edward
Scott entertained the personnel
of the Cumberland county South
ern States office with an out
door chicken-fry last Saturday
at Bear Creek Lake.
Mrs. Lewis CraWley has re-
turned to her home here after
spending several months with
her daughters. Miss Jane CraW-
ley. of Hampton, and Mrs. j. A.
Moulton. of Raleigh, N. c.. and
her family. Mr.. and Mrs. John
Russell Young. Jr., of Washing
ton, D. c., are spending this
week here with her.
Among the guests Sunday of
Mr.. and Mrs. w. T. Norman
were Mrs. c. J. Ashman and
Mrs. j. W. White, of Chula.
Mrs. A. w. Davis attended the
personnel meeting of the Vir-
GINA division of forestry held at
the Augusta Military Academy
last Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas A..
Shealy, Tommy and Douglas, ar