davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-09-07
Sen. John M. Butler

Off the Beaten Path - One
of the most interesting items
before the Senate at present is
the Wilderness Act, which ere.
ates a system of federally-
owned areas for the recreation
needs of the public. In some
parts of the country, such stalk
ing out of land is necessary. We
are fortunate that in Maryland
there are enough parks, streams
and benches for everyone. Yet,
1 wonder if we realize just how
many places there are to visit
in Maryland. 1 am indebted to
the Tourist Division of the
Maryland Department of Eco
nomic Development for calling
to my attention again what a
wonderful place the Free State
is for both work and recreation.
Up in western Maryland, in
Frederick County, Walkersville
and Woodsboro are the focal
points for a stretch of un-
spoiled hills, glades, horse and
cattle farms and vast wheat
fields. The Monocacy River
winds through the valleys and
in this quiet backroads country,
one can inspect old burial
grounds of Union and Confed-
crate soldiers. A little farther
west in Garrett County is the
Canaan Valley, famed for It's
natural scenic beauty.
Bird watchers and mixers can
have a field day in Gwynn
Falls Valley, some 1900 acres of
hills, rocks, streams and forest
within the City of Baltimore.
Down in historic southern
Maryland is, of course, Annap-
oils, our state capital, and the
site of a new maritime museum.
The Smithsonian Institution,
Maryland Historical Society,
Naval Academy Museum, Mary
land Hall of Records and the
Mystic, Conn.,, seaport have all
contributed to the exhibition.
Following Route 765 from
Prince Frederick in Calvert
County, you come to the Cliffs
of Calvert, a geological forma-
ton unique in the world. The
banks contain fossils = sharks
teeth, whales vertabrae, barn.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-09-07

Of purpose and a comradeship
of spirit.
The United States is in com,
petition with Russia today in
every field of endeavor. On the
diplomatic front of the ebullient
Mr.. Khrushchev is waging an
offensive campaign of personal
diplomacy. In the military plan
ming area both nations are in
constant competition. And now
on the economic and social
fronts both the communist and
Democratic ideologies are in
competition for the minds of the
uncommitted peoples of the
world.
While l support a long-range,
workable foreign aid bill that
will re.vitalize our competition
with the communist world, l
nevertheless will continue my
efforts to maintain the survei,-
lance and voice of Congress in
any foreign aid program that
is ultimately approved.
In the same general area of
foreign policy, would also like
to refer to the recent comments
of the Under Secretary of State
Mr.. Chester Bowles. He re-
Gently said that if India were
attacked by Pakistan, the
United States would go to the
support of India. Last week I
labelled these words an unbe.
lievable and unnecessary af-
front to Pakistan = one of our
staunchest allies.
l am happy to say that the
Senate Republican Minority
Leader Everett Dirksen has re-
iterated my shock at the Bowles
statement. AS Mr.. Dirksen
said, I'VE know that Mr..
Bowles was recently scheduled
to be fired but was not. We do
suggest, however, that he either
% be completely muzzled, or
Cd be removed from the china
shop of diplomacy lest he break
something really costly" 1 can
only add a well said' to the
Senator's remarks.
l note also that House Repub-
ican Minority Leader Charles
Halleck has echoed a frequent
criticism of mine of recent
weeks. In regard to the shock
ing decision of the Commerce
Department to sell surplus ag-
ricultural commodities to Rus
sia at subsidized prices, Repre-
sentative Halleck has suggested
that the President consider
strict curtailment of export Ii.
censes on shipments to the
Soviet bloc until a policy in line
with our Berlin stand can be
worked out with the Commerce
Department. Indeed, the Com
merce Departments senseless
policy change on this matter
should be reconsidered and re-
scinded at the earliest possible
moment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-03-15
SHERWOOD
ON BRIDGE
Know When
Hand Is Yours
BY ALFRED SHERWOOD

At some stage of the bidding
of any hand you should con-
slider this question: Whose
hand is it? If the hand be-
longs to your side, don't lei
the opponents get away with
any nonsense.
East dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
NORTH
AKJ9
2AQ74
1K98
%J82
WEST EAST
A8742 AAQ3
0J5 VK1O62
pQJ104 uA76
%K76 %A53
SOUTH
A1065
1888
p532
%Q1094
East South West North
l Mt Pass Pass Double
Pass % Dble. All Pass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-03-15

Prsc'len-eneinesred enstoi-eonirensd 7s-wor nahs.
Hnffsr with full bond switching. 90 through mstsrA
Unit fully mstersd. IN fiksrsd MGsdm0m DC
power IhPUh rs wofS, power ovfpuS Ia excess Of IS
~oits CIV. 80 wot'S peck AN phons. Slightly less on
nsisrS9 Frequency bonds, 90. 40 20. 10 end 4
metefG
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-03-15

Gdob OOOOLL "CoI ENOI I'll
l Mt Pass Pass Double
Pass % Dble. All Pass
Opening lead: Diamond queen,
Many players would be
tempted to reopen the bidding
with the North hand. This is
a poor idea because you don't
expect to make a game against
a strong no-trump. If your
partner has a couple of high
cards. you will pick up an ex-
ira hundred points or so in
penalties. But If your partner
has a poor hand, which is
just as likely, you stand to
lose four or five times as much
as you could possibly gain.
That's just what happened
in this case. South tried to
get out of trouble by running
to two clubs, but West inter-
vened with a very intelligent
double.
Counted Points
West found the double by
counting points and discover
ing that the hand belonged to
his side. There are only 40
high-card points in a deck of
cards. EaSt's opening bid
showed 16 to 10 points. West
counted seven points in his own
hand.
West could tell that his side
had at least % points and
that the opponents had at
most II points. What's more,
West had enough in clubs to
feel confident that the oppo-
nentS couldn't make their con-
tract with a mighty trump
suit.
The play justified Vests
reasoning. West he'd the first
two tricks with the queen and
jack Of diamonds. He then
shifted to the jack Of hearts.
East won a finesse with the
king of hearts, cashed the ace
of diamonds, and led a low
club.
The defenders eventually
took two trumps, three dia-
mondS. two hearts and two
spades. South was down four,
for a loss Of LOO points. And
all of this on q hand that
could have been passed out at
a contract Of one no-trump!
Daily Question
Partner opens with one club,
and the next player passes.
You hold:
AKJ9 0AC74 oK98 %J82
What GO you say?
Answer: Bid one heart. You
can make a Jump bid in no
trump later to show your
strength. If you jump to two no.
trump Immediately you may
miss q comfortable game or
slam in hearts.
(copyriEht. 1851. Gen. Features corp.)
Evening star., 1961-04-16
De GouIIe's Ideas

President de Gaulle'S announced
intention to make France a nu-
clear power of her own, and to Gre
ate a French nuclear striking
force Independent of NATO, has
brought German pressure for SIM
liar nuclear armament. AS an al
tentative, NATO's American COM
mander, Gen. Lauris Norstad, has
proposed a nuclear striking force
controlled by NATO itself.
Gen. de Gaulle again stressed
last week his views that NATO
should be reorganized basically.
The French attitude has held up
appointment of a new Secretary
General for NATO to succeed
Paul-Henri Spaak, who has re-
signed to take a new active role
in Belgian politics.
Absence of a definitive accord
on such details as these, however,
is not viewed as any indication
that the Kennedy discussions with
Western leaders have been incon-
elusive. 1t is pointed out that
the Presidents purpose in these
talks has been to establish COM
mon grounds of approach and
purpose. Details can be left until
later.
When Mr.. Kennedy has talked
with Gen. de Gaulle next month,
he will have completed the series
of exploratory conversations be-
gun with British Prime Minister
Macmillan earlier this month. To
many observers, the really cru
Evening star., 1961-04-16

cooperation inside the North At
lantic Treaty Organization;
. Continued defense of the
status quo in West Berlin;
. Concerted and increased pro-
grams for aid to under developed
nations;
. Support Of the new Organi-
zation for Economic Cooperation
and Development;
Q Efforts to achieve general
and total peace" through gen
eral and controlled disarmament.
Although the talks were held in
an unusually warm atmosphere of
cordiality, and the agreement on
basic issues appeared complete, it
was clear that some details of
major Importance remained I'M
resolved. One of these, certain to
be a thorny subject when Mr..
Kennedy sees French President de
Gaulle next month in Paris, is the
future role and organization of
NATO, and particularly the ques-
ton of the use and control Of
nuclear weapons in NATO's ar
Senal
Evening star., 1961-04-16
Rights:
Advances

President Kennedy last week
pledged to end "Once and for all"
discrimination in Federal jobs
and by firms holding Govern
ment contracts.
From the first days of the Ken
nedy administration, it was appar-
ent that the new President, at
least for 1861, planned to concen-
trate on executive actions and
moral suasion as his chief weapons
in the fight against racial dis
elimination.
For a variety Of reasons-and
despite pressure from officials of
the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
no new civil rights legislation is
likely to be sent to Congress by the
White House during the current
session.
When asked specifically about
this, Mr.. Kennedy told a news con-
ference that when he thought we
could "usefully move ahead in the
field of legislation" he would rec
ommend it. Then he disclosed the
clue to his intentions:
"I do believe that there are a
good deal of things we can do now
in administering laws previously
passed by the Congress, particular
ly in the area Of voting, and also
by using the powers which the
Constitution gives to the President
through Executive orders"
Evening star., 1961-04-16
The Next Step?

How long his patience will
endure, in the face of inaction or
excessive compromise on the Hill,
cannot be OWNED. But 1t is appar-
ent that the probability of success
for the New Frontier legislative
program has not been enhanced
by the Easter holiday pulse-taking
by Congress nor by another factor.
This second factor is the grow
ing belief, even among administra-
ton fiscal and economic experts,
that the bottom Of the slump has
been reached and that things are
beginning to move up:
If more and more Congressman
are convinced this is the case
then some of them, rather nat
urally, are going to question the
need for the remaining anti-re-
cession measures or, at the mini
mum, favor cutting them down.
The Presidents problem is not
q matter Of "all or nothing"
While such items as housing,
minimum wages and social security
increases are likely to produce
all-out floor battles, particularly
in the House, the chances are
pretty fair that some sort Of bill
covering each Of these items will
be passed. The chances are, too,
that they will be watered-down
versions Of the administrators
proposals.
Evening star., 1961-04-16

are ready to live in peace with
u.s." he declared from MoScow's
top-honor roStrum of the Lenin
tomb on Red Square.
AS of yesterday. however, there
were few technical details made
available by the Russians on the
successful space flight. The me-
chanics of re-entry into the earth'S
atmosphere, for example, were not
even discussed in Soviet releases,
and were certainly of major in
terest to American space scien-
lists and technologiSts. Specula-
tion had to replace information in
efforts to reconstruct the tech
niques of the Russians in achiev-
ing what surely will become the
most momentous advance of
earth-bound man since Christie
pher Columbus proved that the
world was indeed round.
DR.. George M. Low, in charge
OF NASA's manned-space program,
explained the United States space
flight schedule to the House Space
Committee Friday. He spent two
hours inStructing the lawmakers
on the problems involved. He
showed his interrogators samples
of the Apollo, a space vehicle that
could conceivably carry three men
to the moon. But in the words
of The Stars Mary McGrory, "he
brought everything but reassur-
ance to the Congressman, and
some promise that we will do bet
ter than the Russians, the next
time around"
Evening star., 1961-04-16
At the u. NJ:
More Congo

The United Nations General
Assembly met yesterday in extra
session to debate four resOlu-
tiOns dealing with the torn
Congo.
At the call of bloc of Afro
Asian nations, the General As
sembly held a Saturday session
to dispose of rival resolutions
and conflicting amendments on
the Congo situation. An Afro
Asian plan calling for the re-
convening of the Congolese Par
Lament and the setting up of a
new national government on
federal lines won the showdown.
The United States supported
the federal" plan for The Congo,
with Ambassador Adlai Stevenson
pointing out that this Nation
itself has developed under a
federal system. He stressed, how
ever, that the CongoleSe them
selves would have to make the
final decision on their form of
government.
A resolution setting time limit
for the withdrawal of Belgian
personnel from the Congo was
opposed by the United States.
There should be expeditions with
drawal, Mr.. Stevenson declared,
but a time limit would serve only
to worsen an already bad situa-
ton. The Congolese delegation
itself also opposed the time limit,
suggesting instead that the with
drawal be made "as quickly as
personnel can be replaced"
through the U. N.
Evening star., 1961-04-16
Castro Cub0::
Air Raids

Cuban Air Force planes yes
terday bombed and Strafed
Cuban airpOrts at Camp Liber-
tad, at Havana, at Santiago de
Cuba, and at the headquarters
of the Cuban Air Force at San
Antonio de los BanOS.
Direct responsibility" roared
the Castro radio, yesterday, after
raider planes blasted, three OF
Premier Fidel CaStro'S air bases,
belonged to Yankee Imperialism"
Two planes, B-26s of the Cuban
Air Force, landed in Florida, after
the attack, with their Cuban pilots
asking political asylum.
The low-level assault on Camp
Libertad ignited vast stores OF
munitions, and explosions re-
sounded for more than an hour
as fleets of military and civilian
ambulanceS sped inside the camps
gates.
In New York, the head of the
Cuban Revolutionary Council, DR..
Jose Miro Cardona, announced
that the bombers were manned
by detecting members of the Gu
ban Air Force. The blow, he said,
was struck by Cubans inside
Cuba who resolve to fight against
tyranny and oppression or die
in the attempt"
Two B-26s with Cuban Air
Force markings landed in Flor
ida; a third was reported shot
down by intensive Castro anti
aircraft fire.
A wave of sabotage last week
destroyed Cuba'S most impressive
department store Eel Encanto" in
Havana, three stores in Santiago,
a new cotton mill at Juguani near
Santiago, and a sugar mill stocked
with 5 million pounds of sugar
in Pinar del Rio province.
And yesterday Fidel Castro's
personal pilot, a major in the
Cuban Air Force, landed his Gu
bana Airlines plane at Jackson
vile and asked for asylum. Gull
lermo Verdaguer, Mr.. Castro'S
pilot, and his brother Roberto
told immigration officials that
they had had enough.
Evening star., 1961-04-16
Adenduer::
Smooth Accord

West German Chancellor
Adenauer and President Ken
nedy reached accord on major
issues" last week after two days
Of White House talks.
Konrad Adenauer, IS, appeared
as sharp and spry as ever last
week as he visited Washington for
q "state-of-the- West" discussion
with President Kennedy, a man
half his age. The Bonn Chancellor
said at the National Press Club
on Thursday that he and the Pres
ident had reached 100 per cent
agreement" on the basic questions
Of the times. No major issue was
left unexplored, he declared.
In a statement issued by the
two statesmen. joint efforts to
strengthen the defenses Of the
West and toward better economic
cooperation were pledged, along
with:
. Steps to intensity political
Evening star., 1961-04-16
Kennedy Message

President Kennedy was quick to
cable congratulations to Soviet
Premier Khrushchev. IAN out
standing technical accomplish
ment," said the President in a
personal message to Mr.. Khru-
shcheV. And at a news conference
Wednesday, Mr.. Kennedy said
fatty in response to questions that
the United States would be a
runner-up in the space program
"for some time" He noted par
ticularly the long obvious Soviet
superiority In rocket power-the
incredibly powerful boost" needed
to get such vehicles as the 5-ton
"Vostok" off the ground and into
orbit.
Inevitably there were howlS Of
anguish on Capitol Hill, with some
legislators demanding a crash"
United States program to "catch
up" with the Soviet advantage.
But in administration top quar-
Evening star., 1961-04-16
The Personal Side

While there is no wide agree
ment as to the why" of this ap-
parent paradox, one explanation
may lie in the fact that much of
the new support for Mr.. Kennedy
seems to be tied to his firmness
and steady hand in foreign policy
matters.
Senate Majority Leader Mans
field and Speaker Rayburn had
suspected that the administrations
big job, so far as legislation is con-
cerned, would be to find a way to
translate Mr.. Kennedy's rising
popularity into congressional votes
for such items as medical aid to
the aged, higher minimum wages
and increased Social Security pay
mentS. Now they are convinced
of it.
Many Democrats feel that the
main burden of this task of con-
version must rest on the Presi-
dent himself. How will he go
about it?
Mr.. Kennedy already has tried
a variety of approaches for obtain
ing increased support on Capitol
Hill for his steady stream Of
recommendations.
There have been presidential
telephone calls, private meetings
with key leaders, coffee social
hours with groups Of Congressman
at the White House and skillful
exploitation Of nationally televiSed
news conferences.
There is one thing he has not
tried and which again is being
urged upon him-most recently by
Representative Green, Democrat
of Oregon. This is the So-called
"fireside chat" to the people, a
device used successfully by Frank
lin D. Roosevelt.
1t is suspected, however, that
Mr.. Kennedy is not yet prepared
to take this step. While he has
worked hard, in a direct, personal
way, to promote his program on
the Hill, he has also displayed
a well-controlled patience. AS a
veteran of both the House and
Senate he understands that Con-
gress rarely responds to a finger
snap.
Evening star., 1961-04-16

The Congress last week re-
turned from its Easter recess
and annual pulse-taking tour
with this general reaction from
the hOmefOlks: Kennedy, 81;
New Frontier, not-sO-sure.
Before the more than $50 men,
berS of Congress began to stream
out of this cold and wet capital
homeward bound for the Easter
holidays and a chance to talk
with their constituents, political
observers were in general agree
ment on this:
In his first Is days in office.
President Kennedy had favorably
Impressed the American people by
his vigor, enthusiasm and atten-
tion to duty but, at the same time,
had failed to stir any significant
demand for enactment of his leg
iSlative program.
On Monday, the lawmakers re-
turned to their offices with con-
firmation of their viewpoint.
Two newspapers, the Wall Street
Journal and the New York Times,
took extensive samplings of opin-
ion from members of both parties
in Congress and came UP with the
same conclusion. The following
comments are illustrative:
"I found many people who were
enthusiastic about Kennedy per-
sonally and are against every
thing he stands for" Senator Met
calf of Montana, a Democratic
New Frontiersman, reported.
There certainly isn't any real
push for the Kennedy program
and there's a lot of mail that's
come in against it." Senator ProX-
mire, a liberal Democrat from
Wisconsin, asserted.
Most people are impressed by
what appears to be real industry
on his part, but they're very much
concerned about his fiscal policies
and the cost of some of his pro-
grams" according to Representa-
tive Cahill, a New Jersey Repub-
lican.
Evening star., 1961-04-16
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
A New World Dimension.

On Wednesday, after days Of
rumOr and speculation, the So
Wet Union announced over
Radio Moscow: Russia has sue
cesSfully launched a man into
space. His name is Yuri Ga
garin. He was launched in a
sputnik called VOStOk (East)."
A human being has crossed
mans outermoSt frontier and has
returned to tell about it.
The enormity of the accomplish
ment, the significance to the
world Of this break Through, this
long dreamed-of emancipation Of
man from the bonds Of earth, this
pioneer journey to the stars, i'm
pressed an awed world. There was
relatively little concern that the
successful aStronaut was a Soviet
Air Force officer compared to the
realization that mankind had at
last broken the finite chains that
tied him to his own planet.
The pioneer "coSmonaut," Yuri
Gagarin, is q years old, the father
Of two children, the son Of a fac
tory worker. In Moscow Friday he
was given a welcome that was de-
scribed as "the greatest public &C
claim ever accorded" Even the
hysterical enthusiasm Of Ameri-
cans for Charles A. Lindbergh,
after his return from the first sue
ceSsful flight across the Atlantic
ocean in 1927. was as only a re-
hearsal for the wild acclaim that
greeted Maj. Gagarin on his ar
rival in the Soviet capital.
The story Of the first manned
space flight was told by Maj. Ga
garin in phrases savoring of the
poetic. "One can see beautiful
transition from the bright sur
face of the earth to the completely
dark sky, in which the stars are
visible this transition is very
subtle. It Is as though a film
ringed the earth. It is Of a very
delicate blue color. This change
from the blue to the dark is very
gradual and lovely. 1t Is difficult
to render into words"
Evening star., 1961-04-16
Means Business

Mr.. Kennedy has, in less than
three months in the White House,
set a tone for his administration
which has convinced all but the
most skeptical observers that he
means business in his fight against
racial bias.
And in this, the Presidents
attitude has been as important
as his actions-numerous as these
have been.
On Inauguration Day, he noticed
that no Negroes were marching
in the Coast Guard contingent
and quickly set out to learn the
reason.
For the first time, Mr.. Ken
nedy appointed Negroes as head
of the Housing and Home Finance
Agency-the highest Federal post
ever held by a member of that
race; Deputy Postmaster General,
assistant White House press sec
retary, special White House as
siStant, Deputy Assistant Secre-
tary of State and Ambassador to
a non-Negro country Norway. .
Evening star., 1961-04-16
THE NATIONAL SCENE
/ Man VS.. Program:
Kennedy's Problem

Senator Monroney, Democrat Of
Oklahoma, wants to limit the
coverage Of new workers to about
3 million. His amendment is ex-
pected to have the support of
Southern Democrats and many
Republicans.
Whether the Oklahoman wins
a surprise victory, the prospect on
minimum wages is the prospect
likely to face much Of the re-
mainder of the Kennedy pro-
gram: The President will never
get more than he wants; in most
cases will get less and in some,
far less or nothing at all.
Evening star., 1961-04-16
On Schools Issue

He has spoken out against
segregated schools and deplored
the closing of any educational
institutions because Of racial
discrimination.
Attorney General Robert Ken
nedy, his brother, has sought to
convince local officials in GER
tain areas, in informal talks, that
they must assure Negroes their
voting rights. When such efforts
failed, as in Mobile, Ala, he filed
suit in Federal Court against the
State and the officials involved.
In moving against possible
hotel discrimination in connec-
ton with the Civil War Gen.
tennial celebration, the President
appeared to state a policy that
there would be no Federal par
ticipation in any program or
project in which there is racial
bias against individual partici-
pants.
Additionally, he recognized,
and gave considerable new powers
to, the Presidents Committee on
Equal Employment Opportunity.