davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-18
RALPH McGILL

From Notes Made at the
U. N: The notion that Soviet
political morale is behind
Mr.. KhruShchev'S farm area
tour, and that the party is
arouSing public Indignation
to support a purge is strong
ly held by students of Rus
sian affairs.
Their research involved no
espionage. 1t comes from the
published reports and
speeches, all of which are
carefully studied. This, in
deed, may have been the mo-
tivating factor behind a
recent announcement from
Moscow that censorship soon
would be ended. Censorship
in a modern society is i'm
possible" said the press sec
ton chief, undoubtedly echo
ing a higher authority. The
SovietS, and other nations, of
course, study our own press,
giving special attention to
our technical and trade pub
licationS.
The first protests began to
appear in 1859. During the
visit of Vice President Nixon
in the summer of that year,
there we're editorials in Prav-
da and IZveStia denouncing
those who did not have the
proper appreciation of the
tremendous sacrifices which
had been made to create the
revolution and advance the
U.S.S.R.
There since have been fire.
quent denunciationS of in
efficient, corrupt and lazy Of
ficialS in industry and, more
particularly, in agriculture.
On March l of this year
Soviet newspapers published
a speech made by Mr.. Khru-
Evening star., 1961-03-18

or imprisOn persons encourag-
ing or assisting others to at
tend or work at schools
operated on a racially desegre-
gated basis.
Since New Orleans schools
were desegregated last fall, the
State Legislature has been in
volved in a running battle with
the New Orleans School Board,
trying to prevent compliance
with Federal Court orders.
The department said the two
laws were part of this battle,
designed to haraSs and intimi-
Evening star., 1961-03-18
D. c. Delegate Going
To Civil War Meetinq
By BERNARD GWERTZMAN
star staff Writer

The head of branch of the Nationwide Civil
War Centennial Commission said today he sorry racial
has developed the forthcoming meeting
Charleston c. he thought duty"
of all charmen attend the meeting.
Paul j. Sedgwick attorney who lives at Forty
Evening star., 1961-03-18
Rusk Plans Trip

Secretary of State RuSk plans
to fly to California tomorrow
to speak at the founders day
ceremony Monday at the Uni
versity of California at Berke-
ley. He will return Monday
night.
Evening star., 1961-03-18

fifth street NV, SAID that he
definitely will go to the meeting
as the Districts representative
on April Hip, despite the
furor which now involves Presi-
dent Kennedy.
The controversy started when
a New Jersey Negro woman
delegate was told she would
not be housed with other dele
gates because of a Charleston
segregation policy.
The refusal resulted in a de-
cision by New jerseys unit
to boycott the session, and a
protest by New Jersey Repub-
lican Senator Case to both the
White House and to 1t. Gen.
U. S. Grant III, the National
commission chairman.
Statement of President
Gen. Grant said the commits
sion could not change the
Charleston policy since it was
a guest of the city, but the
White House announced yes
terday that President Kennedy
had sent letter to Gen.
Grant telling him that the
commission is an official body
of the Government and has an
obligation, in sponsoring a
meeting, to see those invited
to the meeting are accorded
equal treatment.
Gen. Grant was in Clinton,
N. Y last night, and first
heard of the presidential letter
when an aide telephoned him.
He said he would not have
any comment until he had a
Evening star., 1961-03-18
U.S.. Steps Into 4 Suits
Over Louisiana Schools
BY the Associated Press

The Justice Department has stepped into four Federal
court suits in Louisiana in effort head off school ntera
tion troubles such as those in New Orleans.
The department in its petition yesterday, also asked the
New Orleans for injunction against
mnt of two recent laws giving State courts the fine
Evening star., 1961-01-06
Prosecutors Aide
Goes to Law Firm

Assistant United States At
torney John O'Donnell will
enter private law practice next
week with the Washington
firm of Gallagher and Thomp-
son.
Mr.. ODonnell, %, of 591l
Wilmett road, Bethesda. Md;
is a 1853 graduate of the
Georgetown University Law
Center and served as a law
clerk for a year to District
Court Judge Matthew F. Nc
Guire before joining the United
States Attorneys ONCE in 1858
Evening star., 1961-01-06

would increase taxes and other
production costs. and thus
would aggravate the unem-
ployment problem.
Instead, he said, efforts
should be made to lift from the
back Of competitive enterprise
the burdens which prevent
achievement Of maximum nat
ural growth" a
Although President elect
Kennedy's advisers apparently
lean toward the type Of pump
printing" advocated by Mr.. Nc
Donald, there also is consider
able support in the Kennedy
camp for liberalized deprecia-
ton allowances.
While minimizing the con-
flicts between the union and the
companies, Mr.. Mcdonald said
he did not think steel costs
and prices are too high. Even
if there were no steel imports,
he said, the number Of jobs
for American steelworkers would
increase by only about 3 per
cent.
Mr.. Mcdonald initiated the
meeting. which was within the
framework Of the Joint Human
Relations Research Committee
established by last years con-
tract. He apparently hoped to
win the industry's support for
the unions legislative program,
but said the union will go ahead
with its lobbying activities with
out waiting for agreement.
Evening star., 1961-01-06

DemOcraC OF ALABAMA, and the
full Labor and Public Welfare
Committee act. But Senator
Mcnamara followed Mr.. Ken
nedy in seniority and thus is
in line for the job.
First on Agenda
The Michigan Senator was
the ranking member on an
other important subcommittee,
education, and thus could have
become head Of that group. Its
chairman, James E. Murray,
Democrat of Montana, also left
Congress this year.
Senator Mcnamara is a for
mer union official. He also
served on the Detroit Board of
Education.
he SAID ne expects minimum
wage legislation to be the first
major business before the Labor
Subcommittee this session.
Senator Morse, Democrat of
Oregon, follows Senator Nc
Namara in seniority on the
Labor Subcommittee and could
have been chairman had the
Michigan Senator elected to
take the education group.
The possibility remains that
Senator Morse will be named
chairman Of the Education Sub
committee.
Democrats on the House La
Dor Committee. meanwhile, may
try to curb the power of a con-
servative member before he can
Evening star., 1961-01-06

make any move to hamstring
the minimum wage bill.
The target of the contem-
plated move is Representative
Landrum. Democrat of Georgia
chairman Of the committees
Labor Standards Subcommittee.
The bill Mr.. Kennedy favors
would increase the present ST.
an-hour minimum wage by 25
cents and put its coverage on
a broader basis.
Reorganization Seen
To get around possible Lam
drum roadblocks. Democrats,
led by the full committees in
coming chairman, Representa-
tive Powell, Democrat of New
York. are considering abolish
ing all five present subcommit-
tees, including Mr.. Landrum's,
and creating two new ones.
Mr.. Powell, while denying
that Mr.. Landrum, co-author
Of the controversial Landrum-
Griffin labor bill enacted in
1859, is the motive for the pro-
posed reorganization, said the
present subcommittee setup
will not be retained.
Mr.. Powell, who is taking
over as committee chairman
from retired Representative
Barden Of North Carolina, said
nothing is expected to be de-
cided until House committees
are formally organized-prob-
ably next week.
Evening star., 1961-01-06
No Bias Seen
In Selections

A former State Department
official last night said he be-
lieves President-elect Kennedy
will maintain separation of
church and state, but if he does
not he will mot return to the
White House in 1865"
The former World War II
official, Paul Blanshard, now
special counsel for Protestants
and other Americans United
for Separation of Church and
State, issued the warning dur
ing a blast at the dictator
ship" powers Of the Catholic
Church.
Mr.. Blanshard addressed a
mass meeting of more than
5000 persons who gathered in
Constitution Hall last night to
celebrate the 10th anniver-
sary Of the Bill of Rights. The
meeting was sponsored by the
Protestant groups.
A well-known lecturer and
author. Mr.. Blanshard told the
audience he believes Mr.. Ken
nedy will fulfill his campaign
pledges to keep the church and
state separate.
His early administrative ap-
pointments have shown no re-
ligious bias whatever" Mr..
Blanshard commented. Only
one Catholic, Mr.. Kennedy's
brotheT Robert, has been ap-
pointed to a cabinet position.
He will serve at Attorney Cen
eral in a 10-man cabinet sprin-
killed. with representatives Of
five other religions.
Mr.. Blanshard, however, at
tackled the Catholic Church,
calling it the most complete
dictatorship in the world" He
assailed the Catholic bishops
of the United States for "a
church-state policy that is fiat
ly opposed to that Of the Su-
preme Court"
For example" Mr.. Blanshard
said, "the Catholic Church is
pressing its fight for public
money for its schools :"
Evening star., 1961-01-06

was friendly and they decided
to continue their discussions
in a series of meetings after
Inauguration Day.
These meetings are likely to
serve as a sounding board for
Iabor's and mapagement'S con-
flicting economic ideas. Pro-
nouncements by the conferees
probably will echo the ma
tional debate between Glib
erals" and conservatives"
during the opening months of
the Kennedy administration.
Proposals by Both Sides
With an estimated 10000
of basic steel's $4,000 work
ers unemployed, the union and
the companies made these pro-
posals at yesterdays meeting:
David ]. Mcdonald, president
of the United Steelworkers of
America, called for Government
pump printing" programs to
increase purchasing power and
thus stimulate production and
employment.
R. Conrad Cooper, executive
vice president of the United
States Steel Corp, urged in
creased tax incentives for in
vestors and union cooperation
to cut labor costs. He rejected
pump printing"
Specifically, Mr.. Mcdonald
proposed programs to stimulate
housing and slum clearance,
provide additional income for
unemployed workers, expand
public works and provide aid to
revive economically depressed
areas.
Mr.. Cooper said production
and employment have fallen
off because obsolete equipment
and high labor costs impede
competition against foreign
made steel and substitute ma
terials. He proposed revision Of
"antiquated" tax laws through
liberalization of depreciation
allowances and reduction Of
tax rates in upper income
brackets.
On the question Of labor
costs, he urged union leaders
to exercise restraint in pushing
for wage increases and to drop
''make-work schemes"
Reunion of NegotiatOrs
Yesterdays meeting at the
Sheraton Carlton Hotel was a
reunion of the negotiators who
signed a settlement agreement
a year and a day earlier. The
only missing principal was Ar
thur ]. Goldberg, who was the
unions counsel in the ngotia-
tions but has resigned since
his designation as Secretary Of
Labor.
Mr.. Cooper rejected the union
theories Of pump-priming to
increase purchasing power.
Such artificial stimulation" Of
the economy, he contended,
Evening star., 1961-01-06
BudgetSurpIus
Is Predicted
By the Associated Press


The budget President Eisen-
hover will send to Congress be-
fore leaving Office will be bigger
than this years and will fore
cast a surplus next fiscal year
of at least $500 million.
Authoritative sources, in Civ
ing details yesterday, said the
increased amount in the Fed
eral 1862 budget will mostly
cover defense outlays. This
years budget recently was esti-
mated at $80.5 billion on the
spending side.
The budget predictions are
based on the assumption that
the business recession will not
grow worse. and that a gradual
recovery will begin in the next
few weeks.
Most Washington economists
assume the opposite.
Also, the forecast surplus
would be erased should Con-
gress reject two legislative pro-
posals Mr.. Eisenhower will
submit:
/. An increase in postal rates
to offset the Post Office De-
partment's operating deficit of
about 5000 million. Similar re-
quests were turned down last
year and in 1859.
2. Action to continue the
temporary increase of / cent a
gallon in the regular Scent
Federal gasoline tax. The in
crease is due to expire on June
80. This would be a $500 million
item in the 1862 fiscal year,
which begins July !.
Mr.. Eisenhower also will re-
quest blocking Of a scheduled
diversion Of some auto excise
tax receipts from the general
fund to the ad-financing
highway trust fund.
Evening star., 1961-01-06
McNomoro Set to Head
Senate Labor Group

Senator McNamara Democrat of Michigan, today he
has decided to take leadership the Labor Sub
committee and thus head the drive for minimum wage legsa-
ton this year.
He would succeed Presdenteect Kennedy subcommittee
chairman.
Evening star., 1961-01-06
Labor and Management
Discuss Steel Outlook
BY LEE M. COIN
Star stan Writer

Steel labor and management after their contract
battle squarng off for polite duel how
stimulate the economy and relieve unemployment.
The old antagonists met here yesterday to exchange
views for the steel indusrys depression Although
there not glimmer Of agreement. the atmosphere
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
Air Safety Crusader

The award of the 1861 Wright
Memorial Trophy to Senator Monroney
of Oklahoma is merited recognition of
his long and valuable efforts in behalf
of aviation safety, convenience and pro-
gress. AS chairman of the Aviation
subcommittee of the Senate Commerce
Committee he has pressed for many
reforms and Improvements in air control,
airport facilities and commercial air
craft and equipment. He wrote the
act which created the Federal Avia-
ton Agency, sponsored Federal aid-to-
airports legislation and has supported
many other proposals that have made
flying safer and have advanced the
cause of civil aviation. The National
Aeronautics Association has made good
choice for this years Wright award.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
BIuckIisting More Drivers

The Department of Commerce has
moved with commendable determination
to make its blacklist of dangerous
drivers more inclusive and hence more
effective in ruling such drivers off the
public highways. The blacklist, under
law recently passed by Congress, now
includes only the names Of drivers whose
permits have been revoked in the several
States. But those whose permits have
been suspended are not listed. This
defect in the road-Safety program ought
to be corrected promptly.
The national list of potential high
way killers is available for consultation
by State licensing authorities before
issuance of permits to motorists. In
this way driver whose permit has
been revoked in one jurisdiction can be
blocked in any effort to obtain permit
In another State. 1t Is just as important,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15

however, to block drivers under sus-
pension from securing the right to drive
elsewhere. And some jurisdictions do
not revoke permits, but suspend them
indefinitely instead. 1t would be
clearly in the public interest to add
such drivers to the blacklist maintained
by the Bureau of Public Roads for the
convenience of motor vehicle admins
traitors.
OF course, the blacklists effective
ness in Kidding the roads of outlawed
drivers depends on the extent to which
State authorities make use of the in
formation it contains. Most of these
officials have promised complete CO.
operation, however.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
Berlin Background

There certainly was ample reason
for the annoyance with which former
President Eisenhower is reported to
have received word of a State Depart
ment publication picturing him as re-
SponSible for the decision to let the
Russians capture Berlin in World War II.
For this, to say the least, was a grossly
distorted version Of history, and Sec
rotary of State RuSk was we'll advised
to diSclaim any intent to criticize the
wartime role of General Eisenhower.
Some day, presumably, the whole
story of the Berlin decision-a decision
which confrontS us now with a mon
StrouS dilemma-will become public
property. AS of today, however, only
some of the facts are known.
1t seems clear that General Eisen-
hover, as the war was drawing to its
close, did not consider Berlin to be
major military objective, and advancing
American forces were held up at the
Elbe some rs miles from the capital of
Nazi Germany. Under political agree
mentS previously made, however, our
troops would have had to pull. back even
if they had taken Berlin.
The original agreement was nego-
tiated in London in September, 1914, by
the European Advisory Commission,
consisting of representatives of the
United States, Britain and Russia. Our
representative was the late Ambassador
John G.. Winant who, some three years
later, took his own life.
1t was this agreement which eStab-
liShed the zones of occupation in
conquered Germany, with Berlin ITO
miles inside Communicated territory
and with no guaranteed routes of access.
But who was responsible for this monu-
mental error of Judgment, later ratified
by the chiefs of state at Yalta? It is
hardly credible that Mr.. Winant, at the
level of Ambassador to the Court of st.
James, made this decision on his own
responsibility. He must have acted in
consultation with or with the approval
Of his SuperiorS in Washington. But
the public record on this point reveals
little or nothing. All that one can be
sure of is that the political decision Of
1914, based apparently on a naive trust
in Russian good faith, leaves us today
faced with what is probably the gravest
crisis in our national history.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
Where Delinquency Breeds

The report of the Senate Subcom-
mittee on Juvenile Delinquency confirms
what other investigators of Juvenile
delinquency have found-that youthful
lawleSSness breeds in some well-to-do
homes as we'll as in the slumS Senator
Dodd OF Connecticut, chairman of the
subcommittee, stressed his groups find
ing that there has been ans alarming
increase in juvenile crime among the
. white collar" claSSeS-e especially in
suburban areas and even in rural COM
munitieS. And many police officials
and other authorities reported that
offenders frequently said that all they
hoped to gain from their muggings,
holdupS, burglarieS and vandalism was
thrill" .....
The subcommittee received from
the Department of Health, Education
and Welfare statistics showing that in
1859 "the largest percentage of the
increase in juvenile depredationS was
In rural and semirural areas-areaS
formerly substantially free from the
serious juvehile miSbehavior normally
associated with the destructive influ-
enceS of poverty and Sums" Juvenile
delinquency cases before the courts, for
example, rose per cent in suburban
areas and those in farming sections Is
per cent. And juvenile delinquency is
on the rise nearly everywhere.
Said the report: This trend to
the suburbs in Juvenile crime is clear
indication that the increase is largely
among the so-called white collar
classes" 1t cited the Pennsylvania
Chiefs of Police Association as pointing
out that "the broken home and unem-
ployed and socially handicapped type of
YOUTH" can no longer be solely blamed
for juvenile gangsterism. The subcom-
mittee called attention to recent arrests
here and elsewhere of teen-age vandals
and hoodlumS from prosperous fam
lilies" The usual reason given by these
offenders for their crimes was a desire
"for kicks"
The subcommittee asked numerous
witnesses: What is happening to our
youth and to the institutions that are
vested with the responsibility of guard
ing and developing its potentialities?"
AAO oAAo"CAo NoA4C0 Al Al1dLlJ ACOpCCUo-
but there was general agreement on one
basic root of the trouble, namely, the
decline in old-fashioned parental dis
cipline. Social scientists reported that
mothers and fathers seem to be losing
much of their former control over
children" This has led to overlooking
Of juvenile courts and probation offices
such as has occurred in the District
and to general Gloss of control" over
delinquency. The courts and probation
Staffs can be strengthened through legis-
lation-but the void in home discipline
can be filled only by awakening delin-
quent parents to their responsibilities
in rearing the young. We recommend
to such parents the Dodd subcommittee
thought provoking report, just released.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
The memorable Pressures'

In responding to President Ken
nedy'S appeal to the steel industry to
hold its current price line this fall,
United States Steel Corporation PreSi-
dent Roger M. Blough has drawn atten-
ton to what probably will be the really
determining factor in the matter. 1t is,
In short, what he calls the memorable
preSSureS of the marketplace.
Mr.. Blough defines these preSSures
briefly, but nevertheless broadly. He
mentions, for example, competition
among domestic steel products, COM
petition from other materials such as
aluminium, glass, cement, paper and
plastics, competition from foreign steel
producers, and total customer demand
as well as changing customer require
mentS. All Of these, presumably, help to
keep prices down and no doubt have
contributed to that result in the price
stability in steel during the past three
years.
At the same time, in the broadneSS
of his definition, Mr. Blough has made
1t clear that the preSSureS of the market
place are not all on one side. Not to be
overlooked is the cost pressure, factor
which any privately owned company or
industry must start with in determining
the price level-one that would show
reasonable profit-for its products. In
this connection, the steel company
spokesman points to the growing dis
advantage in employment costs which
the American steel industry is suffering
tn aric xSyifn ho ri iTod
of the eight nations which are COM
petitorS at home and abroad.
Not surprisingly, Mr.. Blough ques-
tionS several premises on which the
administration appeal was based-in-
GLIDING the estimate Of net cost Of the
scheduled October wage increases,
ability of the industry as a whole to
absorb this added cost while maintaining
fair rate of profit, and even that steel
price rises have pyramiding effect on
the overall consumer price index One
of the values of statistics, of course, is
that they can be modified on either
side of most questions
1t is evident that the steel industry
is not happy at being singled out for
this administration effort to control
prices through public persuasion. Thus
far, it has not really stated its intent
about prices after October perhaps
because no company by company deci-
Aons have yet been made. There is
justification, too, for Mr.. Blough'S re-
minder that the causes of initiation are
not simply the pricing policies OF one
industry, but are clearly associated with
fiscal, monetary, labor and other policies
ofthe Government. Even so, steel has its
large share of responsibility, and it must
be hoped that it will consider this fully
in evaluating all the memorable pres
sures and making its final determination.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-15
Take OFF the Gloves?

Let's take a hard look at
Jim Berryman's cartoon in
The Star of Sept. Z, show
ing Uncle Sam with boxing
gloves on, one glove labeled
"JFK's answer on Berlin,
the other glove labeled "JFK's
order to resume A-teStS", and
the caption kid Gloves Have
Gone Out OF Style"
lam sure that Khrushchev,
looking at this cartoon, would
let out a big belly laugh, and
holding up one Of his own
clenched fists would say.
Uncle Sam fights with pad
ded gloves; I fight with bare
knuckles. Uncle Sam hits
puff, puff; I hit boom, boom
ha, ha, hal" I would much
rather have seen a bare
chested Uncle Sam with coat
and hat tossed aside holding
out two big bony fists.
No wonder that Khru
shchev was the winner at the
Belgrade meeting OF the
"neutralists." For until JFK
convinceS the "neutralist"
countries that he is capable
of doing some bare -chested,
bare-knuckled fighting in the
world ring these countries will
never put their betting money
CU. S. dollar add on Uncle
Sam.
David Hughes