davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

show Sidney 1878, Fairview 1872
and Savage ia.
During the year there were
many improvements and changes
completed. In Fairview a new dial
office was completed in April.
This was a step by step office
with seven digit numbers to ev-
entually connect TO the "Direct
Distant Dialing' system whereby
subscribers in Fairview will be
able to direct to subscribers in
other towns throughout the Unit
ed States. This new office was
also the second in the state to
use the SAN Numeral Numbering
system. In addition TO the new
office additional cable and new
toll circuits to Sidney were added
which eliminated busy conditions
when calling long distance.
The year also saw underground
cable placed in Sidney to provide
future service for the new Sidney
High School and the Richlano
Homes project. New poles were
placed in the Carpenter Addition
by the telephone company pro-
viding distribution for both the
telephone and power services
Joint use construction of this type
is heater in appearance and pro-
vides safer working conditions fol
both telephone and power line.
men.
Extension of numerous rura
and urban facilities provided
necessary circuits to those sub
scribers requesting better grade
of telephone service.
A new building was construct
ed in Savage to house a complete
new dial office TO be installed b,
April 1861. Additions in cable ant
rural lines will also be made b
CONTINUED ON PAGE 81
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

At O74O the public is invited to
observe instruction on Platoon
Operations" Those who do not
wish to listen to the full hour of
class instruction are free to move
about and observe the various
stations set up, especially for this
occasion, to give you a view OF the
equipment that Troop B Is proud
to display.
From O84O to 0910 the public
is invited TO observe Troop b
perform maintenance on indlvld-
ual weapons, crew served wea-
pons and vehicles.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
LOWER YELLOWSTONE r. Z. "A.
HAS CHANGE IN MANAGERSHIP

Mr.. R. M. St. Cyr has resigned his position as Manager
of the Lower Yellowstone REA. to accept the position of
Manager of the Upper Missouri Generation and Transmission
of Sidney, Montana. Mr.. St. Cyr has been en-
ployed as Manager for the past three and a half years, prior
to that he held the positions of Assistant Manager and Book
keeper for seven years.
Clifford Denzine, Assistant Manager of the Lower
Yellowstone R.EA. has been promoted to fill the vacancy
left by Mr.. St. Cyr. Prior to his promotion MI. Denzine has
been employed by the Cooperative in the c~apacitys of
Assistant Manager, Plant Supervisor, Lineman and Line Fore
man.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
BIOOdmObiI
Will Be IN
Sidney. Feb. Z

The Red Cross Bloodmobile
Unit will hold a drawing at the
Moose Hall in Sidney Tuesday,
February 7, from 200 pm. to
900 pm. Blood is urgently need
ed. Richland County is behind in
fulfilling the yearly quota of 400
pints.
The Catholic Daughters of St.
Philomena's Church in Sidney
will have charge of all phases of
this drawing.
Free baby sitter service will be
available at the Moose Hall. Also
free rides will be provided to all
donors who call the Moose hall
between the hours OF 2 and 6 pm.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

At 0915 there will be a short
movie entitled 81 Am The Guard"
After this coffee and lunch,
prepared by the Mess Section, will
be served.
To terminate this event a $500
bond will be given away to the
visitor with the lucky number
from the register. This gift is do
mated by all members of Troop B.
Throughout The evening per-
sonnet will be available to answer
any questions the public may have
on yours or your sons military
obligation.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
AREA TELEPHONE GROWTH
CONTINUED. SAYS MANAGER

Telephone growth continued in
the Sidney community during 1860
as evidenced by demand for new
and additional telephone service.
according to R. E. Packard, local
manager for the Mountain States
Telephone and Telegraph Com
pany.
A gain of ga telephone stations
in Sidney, Savage and Fairview
was noted with ia subscribers
requesting and receiving better
grades of service. Total stations
by exchanges at the end of 1860
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
STUDENTS ARE LISTED
ON SIDNEY HIGH HONOR ROLL

The honor roll for the third six-week period was released
by Z. w. Kingery and Leo A. Anderson, principals of the Sid
ney High School and Junior High. jeanne Eicholtz, with 1912
points, led both schools, according to records. A total of 165
student names were on the list, 1O3 of these being girls.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
PAGEANT COMMITTEE TO HOLD
FORUM TYPE Meeting, FEB, 9

An open forum type meeting concerning plans for the
February 9th at the High School auditorium. The meeting is
scheduled for 730 pm. Featured on the program will be re-
ports by the various members of the Golden Jubilee" Com
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
JAYCEES PRESENT AWARDS AT
ANNUAL BOSSES NIGHT DINNER

Awards Tor Outstanding Boss of the Year, Good Govern
nent, and Outstanding Young Man of the Year, were pre-
sented to Oscar L. Anderson, Math Dasinger and Don Rees,
respectively at the annual Bosses Night Dinner held January
26 in the Lalonde Hotel by the Sidney Junior Chamber of
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
PHONE COMPANY INSTALLS
40 ADDITIONAL NUMBERS

An additional 120 numbers are being installed by equip
ment installers in the telephone central. office in Sidney. 1t
is hoped that this will be sufficient to last until cutover to
dial sometime in 1862, r. E. Packard, local manager for the
Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Company said.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
MUSTER DAY TO Be OBSERVED
BY TROOP 3 WITH OPEN HOUSE

Troop B, LIST Recon Squadron, 163rd Armd Cav, will OBJ
serve Muster Day" via open house at O73O Monday evening,
February 20. Troop B is located in the National Guard
Armorv west of Sidney, Montana, near the Fair Grounds.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01
FARMERS AND ST0CKMEN use
FEDERAL LAND BANK SYSTEM

Montana farmers and stockmen used the facilities of the
Land Bank System to provide themselves with $~15,248000 of
credit in 1860. This was an increase of almost 100000 over
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

TO SHOW COMMUNISM
ON THE MAP"
The film strip Communism
On The Map" will be shown to
the VFW Study Group at the
VFW Hall, Monday, Feb. 6,
500 D.. IN. Everyone is invited.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

CONTINUED ON PAGE 8
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-01

CONTINUED ON PAGE 81
Evening star., 1961-12-11
'Gnome' Blast Probed
After FoI|out Subsidies

itself at the moment of ex-
ploSion, as the planners of
Project Gnome thought it
would.
2. A horizontal crack may
have been created in the bed
ded salt deposit by the force
of the blast, allowing radio
active steam to escape.
In any event fully a minute
or so, after the atomic device
went off in a test of peaceful
applications of atomic power
clouds of steam began to roll
from the mouth of a vertical
elevator shaft leading down to
the horizontal tunnel.
The steam continued to bill
low forth for about three hours
after the shot. The steam ap-
parently came from the vapor-
izing of water of crystalliza-
ton in the rock salt.
A main objective was to learn
what happens when a nucleal
blast, equivalent to 5000 tons
of TINT, occurs in salt rock
Scientists hoped it might form
a cavity partly full of molter
salt and steam, and wanted tc
see if enough steam could be
brought up to operate turbines
and generate electricity.
Radiation levels were far toe
high to permit close exanina.
ton of the shafts mouth. Re-
mote monitors indicated a peak
reading of about 10000 roent-
gems right after the blast. This
is enough to kill an unprotected
human in about three minutes
See GNOME, Page Al
Evening star., 1961-12-11
By WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer

CARLSBAD, N. Mex, Dec. II
Atomic Energy Commission
experts struggled today with
the mystery of what went
wrong in the salt mine.
A five-kiloton atomic device
was detonated in rocksalt de-
post 1900 feet below ground
IS miles southeast of here at
4/1000 of a second past noon
(MST) yesterday. 1t exploded
with earth -shattering violence,
lifting the desert floor a matter
of feet and sending unexpected
clouds of radioactivity rolling
across the sand and sage brush.
Highways downwind from
the blast area were blocked for
about four hours until radia-
ton fell to. acceptably lower
levels. Seven automobiles trap
ped in hot zones between hastily
established roadblocks were
rushed here for decontamina-
ton washdowns.
No one received an overdose
of radiation. and humans and
livestock cleared from an area
near the shot zone we're per-
mitted to return yesterday eve
ming, Acc officials said.
Exactly what happened be-
low the desert floor remained
a puzzle which may not be
solved for days or even weeks.
There were two possible ex-
plantations offered by experts:
/. A horizontal tunnel 1,100
feet long may not have sealed
Evening star., 1961-12-11

as a union official. The court
vacated his conviction to allow
the District Court to determine
whether Killian got all the FBI
information he was entitled to
at his trial.
Florida Teacher Sues
The split among the nine
justices centered on whether
the judge erred in instructing
the jury on the meaning of
membership and affiliation
with the Communist Party.
The majority held that the
judges instructions were ade-
quate but the dissenters con-
tended that the instructions
were fatally defective.
The Florida loyalty ruling
was given on an appeal by
David Walton Cramp, jr., a
teacher in Orange County
See OATH, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-12-11
OttuwuOusts
Red Attuche
In Espionage

OTTAWA, Dec. II (AP).-A
military attache at the Soviet
Embassy has been expelled from
Canada for attempting to buy
secret documents from a gov
ernment employe.
The Foreign Ministry said
today it asked the Embassy
last Thursday to arrange the
departure of 1t. Col. Anatoly F.
Loginov. assistant military at
tache. An Embassy spokesman
said today the attache left
yesterday by plane for Moscow.
The government announce
ment said Col. Loginov was de-
clared unwelcome because "he
had been engaged in activities
incompatible with his diplo-
matte status"
The announcement said the
employe, not identified, had re-
ported to mounted police that
Col. Loginov had approached
him to obtain secret data.
The statement added that
Col. Loginov tried to obtain the
data from the employe after
carefully cultivating his friend
ship over a period of 10
months"
Evening star., 1961-12-11

1aced the loss OF his job. 1t
found the State law too vague.
In another important ruling,
the court left standing a New
York court order requiring the
New Rochelle IN. " Board of
Education to facilitate the
transfer of pupils from a pre-
dominantly Negro grade school
to other schools of their choice.
The lower courts had found
that the school districts had
been gerrymandered to make
one school almost entirely Negro
and to freeze" the districts so
students could not transfer.
Conviction Upset 5-4
In still another major de-
cision the court divided 5-4 in
the case of John Joseph Killian,
who was convicted on charges
of willfully filing a false nom
Communist affidavit with the
National Labor Relations Board
Evening star., 1961-12-11
Greeted With Cheers
TSHOMBE RAPS
AIMS OF u. N.

ELISABETHVILLE. Katanga,
Dec. II. (AP).-President Noise
Tshombe declared today the
United Nations aim in current
fighting is to reduce consider
ably if not to destroy "the eco
nomic potential Of my country" "
He said Katanga's secession
from the Congo was not the
target.
After a week end Of air raids
and counter raids, Mr.. Tshombe
said Katanga's communications
have been largely cut by U. N.
attacks on the post office and
See CONGO, Page ALT
Evening star., 1961-12-11
U. n. Troops in Berlin
Preferred by Menshikov

Soviet Ambassador Mikhail
A. Menshikov today indicated
a preference for United Nations
instead of Big Four troops to
guarantee the freedom Of West
Berlin.
In a majority policy speech at
the National Press Club this
afternoon the Soviet Ambas-
sador pressed the Kremlin po-
sition for soliifying Germany's
present borders. signing a peace
treaty with East Germany and
making West Berlin a free city.
If there is any necessity to
have token troops temporarily
in West Berlin for guarantee
ing the freedom and independ-
ence of this city. then it would
be even better to have United
Nations troops there instead of
any troops of the four great
powers" Mr.. Menshikov said.
No Occupational Function
"The United Nations troops
would not, of course, perform
any occupational functions" he
added.
In the past the Soviet Union
has proposed adding Soviet
troops to the forces of Britain,
France and the United States,
now stationed in West Berlin.
The West has fatty refused
to single out West Berlin in
this way and insists that any
foreign troops should be as
signed throughout Berlin. The
sealing off of East Berlin is re-
garded as a breach Of previous
four-power agreements.
The Soviet Ambassador held
the door wide open for negotia-
tions on the German problem,
however. apparently having in
mind Western foreign min
isters' meetings in Paris ex-
pected to chart a course lead
ing to East-West talks on the
German problem.
The diplomat also said that:
Guessing about a split be-
Evening star., 1961-12-11

the Jews and by all interna-
tional law is justified in call
ing anyone to account for
crimes against Jews, as inter-
national offenses.
Q. Captute of Eichmann in
Argentina in 1860 and the de-
tense that he was kidnapped
does not stand up because the
only injured party was the
state Of Argentina. This was
resolved by agreement between
Israel and Argentina.
3. The crime of genocide--
destruction Of q race-has been
recognized by the United Ma
tions as punishable by a SOW
ereign state regardless Of
where the crime was COM
mitted.
The court said the trial
served to record the history of
a program in which 6 million
jews died but that its judg-
ment was based only on inter-
national law. In this sense, the
Israeli law of 1850 under
which Eichmann was tried, is
in entire agreement" with all
other laws of civilized
States" the court said.
Vermont Case Cited
Regarding Eichmann's COM
plant that he was kidnapped,
the court described at length
a case in Vermont in 1885 in
which a man complained he
was seized in Canada and
brought to justice in the
United States. The Vermont
Supreme Court ruled that the
method of bringing the man
there was unimportant. This,
in effect. was what the Iraeli
tribunal decided in Eichmann's
case.
The Judgment spelled out
that as a Gestapo officer,
See EICHMANN, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-12-11

handed down a judgment which
may bring Eichmann death on
the gallows.
In a 300-page judgment
which they began reading
aloud in turn. the three judges
determined that Eichmann was
proved to be such an important
cog in Hitler's machinery for
destroying the Jews that he
merited conviction on these
major counts:
l. Crimes against the Jews.
2. Crimes against humanity.
3. War crimes.
4. Membership in the Grim
inal Nazi IS (elite guard) and
SD (security police organiza-
tions.
Sentence Expected Friday
Reading off the verdict, with
all it's elaboration Of the legal
reasoning, will require several
days. The sentencing, which
may be death by hanging, is
expected by Friday.
Standing in his bullet-proof,
glass-enclosed cage, Eichmann
took the first blow Of conviction
on the major charges with
aplomb. Peering through his
hornrimmed spectacles, he fixed
a steady regard on the judges
as they read their findings.
The court delivered an ex-
haustive study of the "iniqui-
ties" of the Nazi Reich and said
it later would describe in detail
the role Eichmann played as
chief of the Gestapo's bureau
for Jewish affairs, the man
who shipped millions to their
death in the determination
camps.
The tribunal, headed by JUS
tice Moshe Landau, went to
considerable length to justify
it's right to try Eichmann. The
opinion said in effect:
/. Israel is the country of
Evening star., 1961-12-11
British Ho|dUp
Congo Bombs,
Question U. n.
Commons Told
Explanation Of
Policies Is SOUGHT

LONDON, Dec. II (AP).-
Britain announced today it will
not deliver the "a half-ton
bombs it promised to United
Nations in Katanga until the
U. N. explains its Congo poll
cies more clearly.
The announcement was made
in the House of Commons by
Edward Heath, Lord Privy Seal
and Deputy Foreign Minister
in a stormy session on the Ka-
tanga flareup.
Mr.. Heath stressed that
Britain supports the general
U. N. objective of conciliating
rival Congo factions and said
U. N. leaders had themselves
stated their operation was not
aimed at removing foreign
mercenarieS from the forces of
President Noise Tshombe. But
he said the British government
is now seriously disturbed by
the way the fighting has devel-
oped."
Sharp Questions Arise
The British offered the "a
half-ton bombs to the U. N.
forces last week but stipulated
that they would have to be
used only for defense. Sharp
questions arose here and in the
Congo as to how air bombs
could be used for defense.
Mr.. Heath said the United
Nations is arranging to collect
the bombs (which we under
stand will be carried out at the
end of this week"
But he said the British gov
is concerned about the
effects Of U. N. policy and
added:
They (the sovernment) feel
that aspects Of this policy will
have to be clarified before the
British government feel they
can authorize the release of
the bombs"
Greeted With Cheers
The statement was greeted
with cheers from conservative
right-wingers.
I'VE have not supported or
condoned a movement for
secession in any part of the
Congo" Mr.. Heath said. Con
stitutional differences should be
resolved by the Congolese them
serves.
The implication of a po-
litical settlement by U. N. is
Security Council resolution. The
British government is now
disturbed by the way
the fighting has developed"
Evening star., 1961-12-11

tween Russia and Red China
is nothing but wishful think
ing"
Erection of the wall dividing
Berlin was a defensive measure
against West German mill.
taristS and revanchists."
Changes Of Europe's existing
borders not only are negotiable
but they may cause war"
The idea of internationalizine
the autobahn connecting West
Germany with Berlin - ad-
vanced by President Kennedy
in his interview with Izvestia
Editor Alexei Adzhubei in No
vember-"can hardly be con-
sidered seriously"
Issues Discussed
The Ambassador reviewed
all friction points between his
country and the United States
He spoke about peaceful CO.
existence, the German prob
lem, nuclear tests. disarmament
and Russia's ambitious eco
nomic goals.
Though he did not mention
Mr.. Kennedy by name, he OBJ
viously referred to the Presi-
dent when he rejected the
charge that Russia wants to
communize the world, and
when he ridiculed the idea of
international control of the
autobahn.
At the outset of his speech
Mr.. Menshikov complained
about the way the American
press reported the recent 22d
Congress of Russia's Commu-
mist Party.
Quantitatively, he said, there
was nothing wrong. but the
quality cleft much to be de-
sired"
There were quite a few pur-
posely distorted stories written
by some of those junior Off
GERS Of the cold war;" he said.
Evening star., 1961-12-11
High Court Knocks Out
Teachers Loyalty Oath
Another Ruling Hits Gerrymonder
Making School Almost All Neoro

The Supreme Court today unanimously declared uncon-
sutional Florida law requiring State employees
under oath that they have lent aid support to the
Communist Party
The decision reversing Floridas highest court was in
favor of shooteacher who refused take the oath and
Evening star., 1961-12-11
HiqhCourt Reverses
Sit-In Convictions
Rights Issue
Not q Factor
In Ruling
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star Staff Writer

bbaL ObdIA WElIcI
The Supreme Court, acting
for the first time on Southern
sit-in demonstrations, today
unanimously reversed a group
of Louisiana convictions on the
narrow ground that there was
no evidence to support the con-
victions.
Chief Justice Warren, deliv-
ering the courts decision, said
that while the arrested persons
had raised broad constitutional
questions in their appeals, the
court found it unnecessary to
decide the wide issues.
Instead, he said, the court
based its decision on the
ground that the convictions
"are so totally devoid of evi-
denciary support as to render
them unconstitutional under
the due process clause of the
14th Amendment
Rights Not an Issue
The Chief Justice made it
clear that the question of
whether a private property
owner has the right to serve
only those he chooses was not
the question before the court.
He added, however. that if it
were the question, the convic-
tions still could not stand.
Some of his colleagues wanted
the court to go further, partic-
ularly Justice Douglas, who
took the view that restaurants,
although private enterprises.
are public facilities in which
the State may not enforce a
policy of racial segregation.
Today's cases, the first of a
long string of sit-in cases
awaiting the high courts &C
ton. involved three incidents
of lunch counter demonstra-
tiOns in Baton Rouge, La. in
April, 1860. Seventeen students,
all from Southern University in
Baton Rouge. we're arrested un-
der a Louisiana disturbing the
peace statute.
The three incidents on which
the students were convicted in
volved attempts to get service
at KresS' lunch counter on one
day and sit-ins the following
day in the Greyhound bus ter
minal and a local drugstore. In
all three cases police asked
them to leave the counters.
They refused and were arrested
and convicted of disturbing the
peace.
Reserved for Whites
A police captain was quoted
as saying in court that they
violated the law "by the fact
that they were sitting in a
counter that was reserved for
white people" They were SEN
fenced to Imprisonment for
four months, three months o.
which would be suspended on
payment of a $100 fine.
The Chief Justices opinion
followed closely the recommen-
dations of the Government
which entered the cases as
friend of the court.
The Government had said
that it did not believe it was
necessary for the court to rule
generally that any arrest by
State police of Negroes who re-
fused to leave white lunch
counters violated the equal pro-
lection clause of the Four
teenth Amendment.
Question Narrowed
Chief Justice Warren mar
rowing the question to the va
lidity of the evidence, said that
the Supreme Court Of Loui-
siana's own' Interpretation Of
the law under which the stu
dents were arrested made it
clear that the law was not in
tended to embrace peaceful
conduct. He said the catch-all
provision under which the stu
dents were tried and convicted
describes "overtly tumultous or
disruptive behavior" that did
not exist in these cases.
The Chief Justice found fur
See COURT. Page AT
Evening star., 1961-12-11
3-Mon Israeli Court
Convicts Eichmonn
Nozi Guilty Of Unsurpassed Crimes;
Sentence, Possibly Hanging, Due Friday

JERUSALEM Dec II (AP).-Israel convicted Adolf Eich-
mann OF unsupaSSed crimes against the Jews today
said his role in the Naz would be remembered until
the end of time
The special three-man tribunal which for four months
tried the 55yearold former Gesapo lieutenant colonel
Evening star., 1961-12-11
WORK BEGINS
EARLY AT u. N.

IT'S A FAR CRY from the over
Gse American breakfast scene, soys
The Stor's Betty BeoIe. describing
o breakfast given by Adloi Steven
son, United Stotes Ambassador to
the United Nations, for 10 people
in his New York apartment. See
Puse Be-.