davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
Urgently Needed Bridge

indicative of the urgency of the
project, the National Capital Planning
Commission and the District Highway
Department have reached an agreement
on the proposed Three Sisters Islands
bridge with commendable-and probably
record breaking-Speed. We hope that
Congress will give it's approval with
similar sense of urgency, for this bridge
will be needed soon to relieve growing
traffic congestion on existing Potomac
crossings.
It already has become evident that
the new Theodore Roosevelt bridge will
far from satisfy the increasing demand
for speeding up traffic between the
District and Virginia. Completion of
the Central Intelligence Agency'S little
Pentagon' near Langley, Virginia, and
progress on Washington'S elmer loop"
expresSway and its connections to the
west via K street and the WhitehurSt
Freeway will funnel traffic at a faster
rate to and from the Georgetown
Rosslyn area Key Bridge now is taxed
beyond its designed capacity, with
frustrating slowdowns for motorists
during rush periods. The new T. r.
bridge will bring relief, but not enough
to cure all the bottleneckS.
It is the belief of highway planners
and engineers that a new eight-lane
bridge just upstream from Key Bridge
will help greatly to solve the congestion
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
Tactical Error?

The Sunday Star carried
this heading: Tactical
School for Law Defiance
Set Up by CORE" Since when
is it lawful to teach de
fiance" of the law?
Who is providing the money
for this defiance? Is the
Attorney General going to
sit idly by and have a group
of people plan to defy the
law?"
The Senate Internal Sub
committee and the House
Committee on Uh-American
Activities should investigate
this internal subversion. This
should be stopped before it
begins. The State of Virginia
should investigate these "un-
lawful" people that are PLAN
ming to cause nothing but
trouble.
Agnes Robinson.
+ + Il +
Your last Sunday edition
carried a news item which
revealed the proposed activ-
tiles of CORE here in Vir-
ginia. Please accept my sim
cere thanks for alerting your
readers to this organization
which appears to be engaged
in a program of flouting law
and order in this country.
Rosa M. Barnes.
y Il
You printed a news item
headed, Tactical School for
Law Defiance Set Up by
CORE"
I haven't been so shocked
since General Walker was
smashed by the administra-
ton for the high crime of
promoting AmericaniSm!
You, a leading newspaper
of the Capital of our country,
report this outrageous gather
ing of people who openly an
nounce that they are going
into training to defy the law
(although 1 notice that they
are not so open and above
board as to allow the address
of this school to be printed :,
as casually as one might ex-
pect you to report Caroline's
latest antic!
What we need is a Pro-
Blue newspaper in this area
instead of a setting Star.
Eleanor Gibson.
y + y Il
This note is to express APP
probation for the factual ar
Giles appearing in The Star
for last Sunday and last
Tuesday concerning the CORE
classes set up in Fairfax
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
No Retreat

At the Presidents beheSt, Vice Pres
ident Johnson has gone to Bonn and
Berlin to reaSSure the West Germans
and make clear to the Kremlin that the
United States is not going to abandon
any of its rights, duties or vital inter
eStS in Germany's grimly partitioned,
criSiS-ridden former capital.
The tumultuouS welcome accorded
him plainly indicates that Mr. John
sons words and presence have been
good for the morale of free Germany.
His language, though not bellicoSe, has
been unambiguouSly blunt. Speaking
for Mr.. Kennedy and the Nation as a
whole, he has left no room for doubt
about our national determination to
fulfill all our obligations and to honor
ali our commitments. =. . The American
people have no genius for retreat, and
we do not intend to retreat now"
This means, specifically, that the
United States, regardless of the great
dangers inherent in the crisis the
Kremlin has deliberately manufactured
over Berlin, is resolved to maintain it's
presence in the city and oppose any
Communist efforts to interfere with or
cut off the access routes into and out
OF the Western sectors. Free BerlinerS
thus have ample reason to be confident
that they will not stand alone when
and If Nikita KhruShchev attempts to
put an end to their liberties. And to
underScore the seriousness of our Amer
lean intentions, Mr.. Johnson, "in a spirit
OF solemn warning" has urged the
SovietS ito remember in good time that
a crime against peace will now be a
crime against all humanity, and against
that particular crime humanity'S retri-
button will be swift and emphatic"
Further, as additional evidence of
our country's f1rmnesS in this poten-
TALLY most dangerous situation, the
President has ordered a 1900 troop
reinforcement of our 50OO-man garri-
son in Berlin. In terms of affecting
the military balance, of course, such
an increase can have little impact, but
it effectively serves pSychologically
and otherwiSe-to impress on all parties
concerned that the United States really
AAA~oAAo AZ "AACAA ~ ooyo G1IdI ~ Will SGdIlu
by its commitments and has no inten-
ton of retreating from where it has a
right to be.
Despite all this, however, there is
still room for peace-preserving negotia-
ton if the Kremlin is ready to talk
honestly and reasonably. Meanwhile,
it should be said in passing that the
United States must not allow itself to
be pushed or pressured by politicians
such as Berlin's Mayor Brandt now
taking part in West Germany's election
campaign. Mr.. Brandt, it seems to us,
exceeded the bounds of propriety when
he addressed note to Mr.. Kennedy
calling quite vaguely for political
action" against the East German Reds
and their Soviet masters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
100 Years AGO

Leaks OF Federal war plans
were hurting the North a
century ago, so the Govern
ment moved quietly to plug
them. Two women whose
sympathies for the South
had made them suspect for
some time we're caught in
an espionage dragnet and
the Mayor of Washington
was deposed because his
loyalty to the Union was
dubious. The Star of August
"a, 1861, reported this city's
top-ranking official, James
G. Berret, had been arrested
at his H street home during
the night and hustled off to
confinement at Fort LaFay-
cite, N. Y. (He was released
three weeks laterO. The story
said: THE arrest was made
for reasonable practices"
but they were not outlined.
The main reason was that
the mayor, as an ex-officio
member of the Metropolitan
Police Board, had refused
to take the oath of fealty to
the Union. ;. Circumstances
of his conduct and associa-
tons have rendered it neces-
sary thus to take due care
that the public interest come
to no mishap through his OPP
portunities as the municipal
head of the affairs of the
Federal metropolis. :" The
two women apprehended
were Rose O'Neal Greenhow,
one of DiXie's best spies, and
Mrs. Philip Phillips, wife of
a former Congressman from
Alabama. The Star said: I'VE
hear from various quarters
that yesterday evening or
early this morning. Mrs.
Greenhow, a widow lady well
known in this city, was ar
rested by the Provost Guard
of Brigadier General Porter.
Her secession activities have
long been the subject of
popular conversation. Doubt
less, the charge against her
is of being in reasonable
correspondence with the
country's enemies now in
arms. :" Mrs. Phillips also
was arrested for alleged
reasonable correspondence
with the enemy. :" Mrs.
Greenhow, a dark haired
fading beauty, had been
prominent in the Capitals
social life. She had the run
of the city but Pinkerton
detectives had been keeping
close watch on her, suspect
ing her of "Sweet-talking"
secrets out of Government
officials she met at socials.
After the battle of Bull Run
her activities were curtailed.
She considered the Federal
defeat at Manassas as some
thing of a personal victory,
since she had kept Gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
Foreiqn Aid Deadlock

The administration has only itself
to blame for the uncertain future now
faced by President Kennedy'S plan for
long-term financing of foreign aid.
AS matters stand, the Senate has
passed bill giving the President what
he wants. But the House has passed a
bill taking it away. So the issue now
goes to conference, with no assurance
as to what will finally emerge.
The House bill, passed by a decisive
margin, merely authorizes an appro-
priation of $1.2 billion for one year.
1t contains no provision for long-term
authorization, and, of course, nothing
to permit Treasury borrowing to finance
long-term program. 1t is possible
that the House conferees will stand pat
on this, or that the House itself will do
so when conference report energies.
The better guess seems to be, however,
that the confereeS will agree to some
kind of long-term authorization, to be
financed through annual appropriations,
and that this will be accepted in both
the Senate and the House.
44lC AIOllASd4 oopCCG VI GlLlo GIldG
there were two earlier occasions on
which the administration could nave
secured the most that it can now rea-
sonably hope to get. Senator Byrd'S
amendment, which was rejected, would
have authorized $88 billion over a five
year period with the appropriations to
be made annually. And Representative
ua11noly fLn un,Ico Nv
says the House G. O. P. leadership made
an offer to "the top administration
people" of a four-year authorization,
with annual appropriations, but that
this offer also was rejected. 1t seems
that little more wisdom, or a better
job of head counting in the House,
would have served the administration
well.
At stake in this matter are two
principles which have nothing what
ever to do with the bad guys vs. the
good guys approach to foreign aid in
Congress. One principle involves pres
ervation, or the avoidance of further
weakening, Of congressional control of
the purse strings. The Importance of
GIllS OuSlI W DS ODVlOuS. lie Quiet
principle is concerned with sound 'ad-
miniStration of the aid program, and
this requires reasonable basis for
long-term planning.
Consequently, we hope that Con-
gress will finally approve a bill con-
tanning an unequivocal long term
authorization, to be financed through
annual appropriations. This would give
the administration an essential tool for
sound planning. And if the program
is competently administered in the
future, we do not believe that Congress
would capriciously scuttle or under
mine an authorization, once it has been
given. The administration, of course,
would have to satisfy Congress each
year that its foreign aid loan program
is sound. But this is as it should be.
If the loans actually are sound the
legislators are not likely to welsh on
their end of. the bargain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
LETTERS TO THE STAR
Curbstone Views of BeIeoquered Berlin

Fletcher Knebel-clever as
usual-has one East German
say to another: What other
system could produce so much
barbed wire over night?"
But no, this time Mr.. Kne-
bel was not clever enough.
I had just received the Ger
man news magazine Der
Spiegel CNo. 30, which was
of course mailed before the
present aggravation. On page
81 I read:
"The barbed-wire barrier
along the Ill kilometer
border between the Zone and
West Berlin is at present I'M
dergoing major repair. The
barbed wire needed is being
furnished by West German
firms. as provided by the
agreement on interzonal
trade"
Did I hear something about
West Germans protesting
against our doing so little
for the poor East Germans
who can't get through the
West German barbed WireP
Speculi LectOr.
y 4 y
1t would be we'll to remem-
Der some words that we're
spoken by Mr.. Khrushchev
during his last visit to the
the United Nations in New
York.
These words were spoken
at an impromptu news con-
ference in regards to protests;
Protest is what a rat does
when you step on it-what
any weak thing does when
it can do nothing else. Pro-
tests! Count them. They were
made by the losers"
James T. M. Sullivan
4 \ + X
1t seems that Mr.. Khru-
shchev wants to have his
bones" and eat them too,
He is, in effect. trying to
grasp more than his allotted
portion at the dinner table
and then begs for sympathy
and help from the other din
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

ner guests (allied nations).
If his digestion (prestige and
power) is being affected, per-
haps it is due to his ravenous
appetite and his desire to bite
off more than he can chew
east Germany.
Psychiatrists claim that
people often overeat because
of their own deep insecure
ties and their desire for rec
ignition and love.
Perhaps Khrushchev is try
ing to eat up the world be-
cause of his own insecurities
and his enormous desire for
recognition and power.
Mrs. Morris Birnbaum.
4 y 4
I, a native son of Berlin,
express my disgust and dis
illusionment at the latest
bloodlesS victory that Mr..
Khrushchev has been allowed
to win over the Berliners
and over the entire Western
world.
Certainly, the closing Of
the separating line between
the Eastern and the Western
sectors of Berlin must have
been foreseen by the leaders
of the West as a highly prob
able contingency. Why. then,
have so many days passed
without any reaction but
helpless paper protests? Ger
tainly, ample time was avail
able to prepare the neces-
sary counter-meaSureS for the
various possible steps taken
by the other side in the pres
ent crisis. Why have no
prompt, bold, and effective
counter-meaSureS been put
into effect since the latest
breach of four-power agree
mentS in Berlin? The lack of
preparations of such immedi-
ate counter-measures for a
clearly foreseeable contin-
gency begs an answer which
the peoples of the Western
alliance are entitled to re-
ceive from their leaders.
1t must have been clear to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

Beaureguard advised of the
movements of Gen. Nc
Dowell's forces prior to Bull
Run. Mrs. Greenhow'S house
on Sixteenth street was nick
named Fort Greenhow."
When she first came here
from her home in Maryland,
she was so fresh and lovely
that she was called the wild
Rose" She was around 40
when the Pinkertons took
her in tow. She still had a
way with men as she re-
lieved them of secrets valu-
able to the South. War
records spoke of her almost
irresistible seductive powers. j."
Mrs. Greenhow eventually
was shipped off to the South,
staying for a while in Rich
mond and then at Charles
ton. She went to France on
a blockade runner, placing
her daughter in a convent
there. In August, 1864, she
sailed for the South on a
steamer which hit a bar off
Wilmington. N. c., and stuck
fast. Fearful of Federal war
ships, Mrs. Greenhow and
two other Confederate agents
asked to be put ashore. AS
their boat was lowered, it
was upset by a wave. Mrs.
Greenhow wore a heavy belt
Of gold coins around her
waist. The weight caused her
to drown and her body
washed ashore the next day.
Mrs. Phillips was lesser
known, but there was no
doubt of her Southern SYM
pathy. She, too, was sent
South and ended up in New
Orleans. When Federal
troops occupied that city, she
is said to have trained her
children to spit on blue
coated officers. Again, she is
reported to have stood on a
balcony laughing as the
funeral of a Union officer
passed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

never off somewhere on the
rim of a million suns. We
each carry it around with us.
Your chief problem is You.
How accustomed We are to
speak of the times in which
we live as "our age" In that
blurred generality our own
personality often becomes
merged in the mass. We re-
gard our individual role as
that of a spectator being
carried upward or downward
on the great eScalator of the
moving years.
At 80 years of age a man
who has emphasized this
salient fact of the individual,
the founder of what is called
the Moral Re-Armament"
movement, DR.. Frank Buch-
man, has passed from this
earthly scene. DR.. Buchman'S
1nSiStence across the last 40
years was that hope for the
future does not lie in changed
maps and arrangements but
in changed men. 1t is folly to
advocate social reafrange-
mentS to save humanity from
catastrophe. 1t is useless to
advocate changes in human
living without taking into
consideration what sort of
individuals are to run the
proposed new machinery.
That, of course, is the secret
OF the New Testament. You
must be a new creature. You
must be born again. History
has surely proved that no
utopian plan will work with
out the utopian man. Gods
goals are reached on human
feet. The deepest trouble with
all of us, both older and
younger, is not that we lack
increasing knowledge of ex-
ternal complexities but that
we lack a fine sense of inward
sanctities. Our political,
diplomatic and economic
schemes are so often Just a
frustrated mechanical shuttle
OF the same old cards of fate.
1t becomes increasingly clear
that the fundamental es-
sential is in changed hearts,
changed desires, changed at
titudes, changed motives, and
changed detectives in indi-
Vidual lives.
Studdert-Kennedy looks
each one of us squarely in the
eye as he said of himself that
when he came to the final
bar of the judge of all the
earth, he expected God to
ask him just one question
and that was not what he
had found out regarding
outer space, but what he had
found out about "this space"
which was himself. And this
was the judges question,
What did you make of life?"
that inner space. What
did you do with You?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

the Western leaders that a
measure such as the one now
successfully carried out by
the Soviets hardly warrants
plunging the world into an
atomic holocaust. Economic
measures should, therefore,
have been planned weeks or
months ago, and promptly
been put into effect the same
day the border between East
and West Berlin was closed.
Ex-Berliner.
-
Are we dedicated to peace
full coexistence" or victory?
Our Nations policymakers
have made it clear that the
defense of West Berlin is
but one instance of our de-
termination to protect and
further the cause of freedom
throughout the world. The
latest Communist action in
Berlin differs only in magni-
tude of infringement from
the Infamous blockade of
1948-49.
You are right in saying
that the Western powers can
not rely on world opinion to
remove the barbed wire from
the Brandenburg Gate. How
ever, what you choose to call
the prudent course" is moth
ing but succumbing to the
fulsome threats Of the Com
munists. 1t is obvious that
those who doubt the value of
economic sanctions fear adj
ditional Communist measures.
What became of the firm
stand?
Robert C. Smith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
rs Years Ago

Eight District golfers. some
of whom are still winning
tournaments, qualified for
the National Amateur 25
years ago. They were led,
according to The Star of
August 26, 1886, by Roger
Peacock's 140 for the &C.
hole qualifying test. Robert
Brownell, hailed then as a
man to watch, shot 141.
Other local qualifiers here
were Eugene Pittman, Vol
ney Burnett, Claude Rippy,
S. Levi Yoder, Thomas D.
Webb and Forrest Thomp-
son.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

This is being tagged the
space age. Today's teen
ayers are geared to adven-
lures in outer space. Instead
of singing sentimental songs
about the man in the moon,
they speak confidently about
someone now walking the
earth being the man on the
moon. OF course, the lumi-
nous moon is really only
celestial inches away from
the earth. When it is realized
that beams of light which
reached the earth in last
nights darkness started on
their long journey before
Jesus was born in Bethlehem
of Judea, even our lunar
neighbor in terms of light
years is very close by. Our
finite minds are staggered by
the immensely of the uni
verse.
1t is passing strange that
mans first intellectual curl
osity reached out toward the
things farthest away.
Through great glass eyes
called telescopes, he peers at
distant worlds, leaps the vast
spaces, and brings the twin
king stars into closer scru-
tiny. Then long after gazing
at the star-gemmed skies so
vast, he began to add to his
investigations, a germ-in-
tested world so small. The
microscope unveiled a uni
verse too enthusiastically small
to be seen by the unaided
eye. Then later man under
took a more intensive study
of himself, finding in his own
personality wonders and
mysteries which confirm the
Biblical statement regarding
a human being that he is
fearfully and wonderfully
made. He calls this explo-
ration of inner space, psy-
chology and psychiatry.
A preacher friend, who
travelled a great deal, used to
recall a little incident which
happened to him on a train.
He said with a twinkle in his
eyes that a Pullman porter
called him a name he had
never been called before. In
his hearing there was some
discussion over his reserva-
ton. The porter speaking to
the conductor referred to the
passenger three times as this
space" He said that leaving
off "the Reverend" before his
name and the degrees after
it, the porter simply said,
This space got on at Norfolk,
this space is going to New
York, this space came in from
the other car" My friend
thought with a shocked sur
prise. That's what I am to
the Pullman company-'this
space.
Well, that is what each of
us is, a bundle of inner space.
No matter what the growing
conceptions of outer space
may be, the issues of life with
each of us are all wrapped up
with what goes on in this
space"
The problem of problems is
inside themselves. Each per-
sons chief concern is not
outer space. but inner space.
No matter how powerful our
lenses may be as we reach out
to the heavens and its myriad
worlds, without a hand mirror
which reveals our own face,
we are lost. This is to say
that our vital problem is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

problem in prospect with the opening
of the new CHA headquarters and the
construction Of new expreSswayS on both
sides of the river. The outlook without
such relief is so alarming to traffic
authorities as to justify immediate
legislative action, so that planning and
land buying for the new span can begin
at once.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20

County; also for the head
lines on those articles.
Loyal Americans need and
want to be alerted to such
things.
From time to time, as a
member of the rapidly grow
ing body of conservatives, I
have protested certain arti-
Giles appearing in The Star,
knowing that since the loss
of the Times-Herald, it was
no use to protest elsewhere.
Now I am glad to express
appreciation.
DIR. MOllie Ray Carroll.
+ + y \
I've never written a protest
letter to a paper before, be-
cause I often wonder how
much is thus accomplished,
but a headline in The Sun
Gay Star made me burn for
three days, so here goes the
steam.
The CORE organization
brazenly admits that it is
planning classes in law de-
fiance.
Americanism, as envision-
ed by the trainers of our
Constitution, is certainly on
the ebb, when our State and
National law enforcement
bodies countenance such eff
forts. Is racial equality
achieved if their accomplish
ed objective is still a bitter
pill or a thorn in the side of
the vanquished! Rather an
empty victory, I'd say because
of the increased and brood
ing hatred perpetuated.
c. B. Raine.
i y
Last Tuesdays edition con-
tanned an article on CORE
which is tantamount to free
advertising for an organiza-
ton dedicated to unlawful
and illegal activities. Last
Sundays article on the same
subject should have been Suf-
ficient to satisfy CORES ap-
petite for publicity!
CORE officials should be
asked where it stands in SUP
porting the House Un-Amer-
lean Activities Committee. It
should also be queried very
closely about the source of
its income and about it's sup
porterS, moral and political.
Neither the methods nor
the aims of CORE are in
keeping with our concepts of
morality and obedience to
our laws.
VIC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-08-20
so Years Ago

Motorists were indignant
so years ago about a speed
trap" in the vicinity Of
Rockville. Md, that was
netting many of their clan
on week ends. The Star re-
ported on August 81. 1911,
that the Automobile Club
of Maryland was coming to