davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Business PorIeys

All these things were on his
mind last week. He summoned a
host of advisers to Palm Beach
for strictly business conferences
to dot the is and cross the rs
on the messages and put the
budget and other proposals in
final shape.
On Tuesday, Wednesday and
Friday. Mr.. Kennedy met with
Theodore C. Sorenson, his special
counsel and chief speech-writer;
Lawrence F. O'Brien, his special
assistant in charge Of congress
sional liaison: Myer Feldman,
deputy to Mr.. Sorenson, and
David E. Bell, Director Of the
Bureau of the Budget. DR.. Walter
w. Heller, chairman of the Coun-
Gil Of Economic Advisers, also was
a caller. ...>
While no official figures were
released, the indications were that
another record-setting peace-time
budget-a balanced one, on paper
would be proposed. 1t is ex-
pected to call for more than $92
billion in spending. So billion above
that Of fiscal 1862. Most of the
increase will be accounted for in
the military area. The requested
authority to obligate new funds
may approach a staggering $500
billion.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Farm Program

On Thursday, the President
met with Secretary of Agriculture
Freeman and a group of top as
sistants and repeatedly approved
a new farm program. Again, no
details were released, but Mr..
Freeman said later the plan would
make use of our abundance and
strengthen farm incomes"
Meanwhile. members Of the
Presidents cabinet began making
public their year-end, "point-with-
pride" reports of their depart
mental stewardships. Leading off,
on Wednesday, was Defense Sec
retary Robert S. Mcnamara, who
listed these 1861 achievements,
among others:
o Setting in motion a plan to
double the Polaris missile sub
marine force by 1864.
. Doubling the number Of long
range bombers on Is minute
ground alert.
. Taking action to double the
capacity to produce Minuteman
ICBMs.
. Substantially increasing the
ready units of all services and
augmenting our guerrilla trained
forces.
On Friday, Mr.. Mcnamara an
nounced the formation of a new
joint task force to conduct at
mospheric nuclear tests, if and
when the President decides to
give the go-ahead signal. The an
nouncement was the strongest in
dication yet that Mr.. Kennedy is
Evening star., 1961-12-31
On Civil Rights

Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy, the Presidents brother,
issued a report on the advance
ment of civil rights on Thursday.
He said the important progress"
made in 1861 would be carried
forward next year with the effort
and approval Of the vast majority
Of the American people"
He cited progress in school de-
segregation, equal voting rights
for Negroes, deSegregation of
transportation facilities in the
South and in efforts to assure
equal employment opportunity for
all.
The National Association for
the Advancement of Colored Peo-
pie took a DINNER view of anti
bias progress. Clarence Mitchell,
head of the NAACP'S Washington
office contended that there were
serious differences between the
report of the Civil Rights Com
mission, which found evidence of
violations Of constitutional rights
and shocking brutality" and the
one made by the Attorney Cen
eral.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
On Ratification

Certainly, he has given both
sides plenty of food for thought.
AS soon as he returned to Ka-
tanga, he announced that the
agreement would have to be rati-
fled by his ministers and by. his
deputies. The U. N. said that such
ratification" was a farce, since
Mr.. Tshombe controls all his Of
ficialS.
The ministers last week said
they had no jurisdiction over such
an agreement, and left the rat
ification" to the assembly. Leo
poldville says the agreement is
ironclad, but is letting Mr..
TShombe discuss the matter with
the assembly.
Mr.. Tshombe also has carried on
a running verbal battle with both
the United Nations and the United
States.
Last week, Mr.. Tshombe did
fulfill one point of the agreement,
however, when he sent six deputies
to the national parliament, and
had nine more en- route. The
deputies said they were in Leo
poldville to persuade the parlia-
ment to change the constitution.
and allow Katanga more auton-
omy within some sort of confed-
Grafton.
The pact does allow for future
discussion of change in the con-
stitution, but it seems certain that
Mr.. Tshombe'S Confederation"
will never be acceptable to the
more centrally orientated poll
ticians in the Congo.
Mr.. Tshombe, in the past, has
asked for a confederation in
which all of the six provinces
would be virtually autonomous,
with their own ministeries and
. armies. Any decision affecting the
whole Congo would have to be
approved unanimously by all the
provincial presidents.
Last week, also, Belgium Of
ficially resumed diplomatic nego-
tiationS with the central Congo
government, another blow to the
secessioniSts in Katanga. 1t seems
likely that Belgium, France, and
Great Britain, Katanga's main
supporters were bringing pressure
on Mr.. Tshombe to rejoin the
Congo.
None of the Western powers
wants a resumption of hostiliteS
Evening star., 1961-12-31
The Two Sides

Mr.. de Gaulle'S decision to with
draw the army to France next year
appears to be a double -edged
sword. On the one side, he is tell
ing the Algerians he is sincere in
wishing to end the war, and on
the other, he is warning the right
wing that it had better accept the
fact that a settlement is near be-
cause there soon will be no army
to defend it.
France intends to bring an end,
by one means or another, to the
present conditions of the political,
economic, financial, administra-
tive and military commitment
that binds her to that country"
Mr.. de Gaulle said,
Mr.. de Gaulle announced that
next month, two divisions and a
number of air formations will
start back to France, presumably,
to be used as NATO reinforce
mentS needed in the difficult
Berlin crisis.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
CoIonioHsm

There are also disputes about
what are interests" and what are
"vestiges rof colonialism." France
and the Algerian rebels held talks
last summer, but it was obvious
that publicized meetings were not
the way to iron out the long
standing differences. Thus, in re-
cent months, representatives from
both sides have met privately in
several European and Middle East
ern cities and are reported to have
made some progress toward nego-
tiationS. ...
In recent months, however, Mr..
de Gaulle has had more resistance
from his own radical right wing
the o. A. Sled by French colo
nialists and former army officers
in Algeria. This group, noted for
its use of highly explosive plastic
bombs, has been trying to subvert
any agreement that would give AL
geria its independence. 1t feels
that under Algerian rule. French
men would not have any rights,
despite Mr.. de Gaulle's contention.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Algeria:
Troops Out

President de GaulIe announced
on Friday that France would
begin withdrawing its troops
from Algeria for use in Europe
whether a settlement is reached
in Algeria or not.
For more than three years,
Charles de Gaulle has been strug-
CLING to end the seven-year -old
war in Algeria.
He has had more success than
any other French leader, but still
the fighting goes on-Sporadically
to be Sure-demanding the pres
ence of some 100000 French
troops that could better be used
working in labor short French in
dustry, or serving in the under
manned NATO army in Europe.
Mr.. de Gaulle'S terms for settle
ment have been repeated time
after time. and in his New Years
speech given Friday, he went over
them again: A cease fire, followed
by full French cooperation with
an independent Algeria in return
for Algerian respect for vital
French and French-minority in
tereStS.
In the past, the Algerian leaders
the F. L. N.-have rejected these
terms because of the cease fire
demand. They have argued that
q, if they stopped fighting before a
settlement was reached, it might
take years to persuade the Algerian
people to. take up arms again.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Civil Rights:
Direct Attack

The Justice Department on
Thursday asked Federal Court
to declare unconstitutional a
Louisiana State law requiring
prospective voters to interpret
the United States and LOuisi-
ana constitutions in order to
register.
The civil rights legislation en-
acted in the spring of 1860, in the
last year of President Eisenhow-
er's second term. is known as the
right to vote" law.
1t is a fairly complicated stat
ute calling for Justice Depart
ment action. the appointment of
referees" by the Federal courts,
the finding of pattern" of dis
elimination and the like. Some
observers, among them many Ne
gro bias-figllters. were not con-
vinced that the new statute was
going to result. magically, in a
huge increase in the registration
of non-white voters in the South.
Perhaps it is too early to say
whether these observers were real
lists or mere cynics. Be that as it
may, the busy civil right section
Of the Justice Department is not
relying on the 1860 provisions
alone to press for Negro voting
rights. ...
Last week. it took it's 18th
voting case Of the year to court,
asking that Louisiana law re-
quiring would-be voters to pass a
constitutional Interpretation test
be struck down. Justice Depart
ment attorneys told the court that
the requirement was a device
to keep Negroes from registering
and voting. They noted that that
Louisiana constitution covered
more than 300 pages.
Under the challenged provision
a citizen. to qualify for registra-
tion, must be able to give a rea-
sonable Interpretation Of any
provision in either the State or
Federal constitutions.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
THE NATIONAL SCENE
De|uge Of Messages
For New Congress

President Kennedy, at his
winter White House in Palm
Beach, last week accelerated
his legislative preparations, in
Guiding a balanced budget, for
the coming session of Congress.
The President is expecting COM
pany in Washington in about 10
days and last week he was as
busy preparing for it as any
grandmother who has invited the
family for New Years Day din
ner.
The company is made up of the
537 members of Congress, and
like Mr.. Kennedy, they are spend
ing the holidays away from the
capital.
For the most part, they are in
their home States and districts
winding up some fence -mending
and lot Of personal appearances;
the President is in his winter
White House in Palm Beach, to be
near his ailing father and to soak
up what sun and relaxation he
can between heavy work periods.
While most Of his staggering
national problems are in the for
eign policy area, when the end
of December and the first of jan
uary rolls around, the President
must devote a good deal of his
thought and effort to his legis-
lative program and the men and
women of Congress who must be
won over If it is to be enacted.
Foremost on his list, perhaps,
are the new budget and the stats
of-the-Union message, which the
President is expected to deliver in
person to joint session of Con-
gres shortly after the lawmakers
reconvene for the second half of
the 87th session on January 10.
He must also prepare a special
economic message.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
A Crucial Week for the Conoo

SecessiOnist Katanga Prov
ince sent six deputies to the
Congo national parliament last
week as part of President
TshOmbe's agreement with Pre-
mier Cyrille AdOula. Observers
waited. however, to see II the
Katanga assembly ratifies the
agreement when 1t meets this
Wednesday.
There has been a cease fire
in Katanga Province for almost
two weeks, but the situation there
is far from peaceful.
All around the capital Of Els
abethville, United Nations troops,
principally SwedeS, Indians, and
Ethiopians, have been digging in,
setting up road blocks. and sur
rounding native villages.
In Elisabethville itself, U. N.
troops with 20. N. u" (the French
abbreviation for U. NJ on their
blue helmets, drive in jeeps watch
ing as usual for snipers.
The U. N. says it has been
ringing off the villages, and set
ting up roadblocks to prevent Ka-
tangan police action" against
Baluba tribesmen hostile to Presi-
dent Tshombe, a leader of the
Lunda tribe, as we'll as to prevent
looting.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Current Debts

The result of their refusals has
been a $104 million deficit in
these special operations, and a
drain on other U. N. agencies
which have lent money to the
special forces. To meet these cur
rent debts, and to provide money
for next year, the U. N. auth
orized a 5000 million bond issue
two weeks ago.
Last week, President Kennedy,
demonstrating the United States
Evening star., 1961-12-31
UnitedNotions:
Paying the Bill

President Kennedy announced
last week that he will ask Con-
greSs next month for authority
to buy up TO One-half of the
United Nations forthcoming
$200-miIliOn bond issue.
The United Nations is often
called the worlds Legislative
body" but unlike most legisla-
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Looking Ahead

And it is also likely that the
U. N. action was taken to pro-
vide its forces with effective posi-
tions in case fighting breaks out
again. A resumption of hostilities
depended to a great extent on
what happens this week in Elisa
bethville.
On Wednesday, the Katangan
assembly meets to vote on the
eight-point agreement signed two
weeks ago by Mr.. Tshombe and
Premier Adoula in Kitona,
U. N. base near Leopoldville.
The Kitona pact, which brought
about the cease fire. was vir-
tual capitulation by Mr.. Tshombe
to the central government and
to the U. N. He agreed, in effect,
to end his secession, to expel his
mercenaries, and to have his dep
uties rejoin the national parlia-
ment in Leopoldville.
Mr.. Tshombe, on two other oc-
casions, has reneged on similar
agreements to end his 18-month
secession, and observers have
been divided on whether they
think he is sincere this time.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
The GuerriHos

Prince Souphanouvong heads
the so-called Pathet Lao military
forces, a group Of guerrillas who
want Laos to be free of Western
Evening star., 1961-12-31

lures. the U. N. has no right to
levy tax. There is no world tax
which each citizen pays to the
U. N. nor is there any way a
country can be forced to pay a
tax to the U. N.
Evening star., 1961-12-31

planning resumption of such tests
in the wake of the Soviet series of
so thermonuclear explosions last
fall.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
Geneva Move

A 14-nation Geneva conference
has worked out plan for super
vising a cease fire in Laos, but
the three princes have not been
able to reach agreement on a sin
gle Laotian government. Since
= the summer, they have agreed
that such a government is a
good idea, but have not been
able to approve any cabinet pro-
posed by Souvanna Phouma, the
agreed Premier.
Last week another effort to
achieve a cabinet during a sum-
nit" conference failed when Boun
Gum refused to sit down with
Souphanouvong, whom he accuses
of trying to load the cabinet with
Communists.
At the end of the week, Sou
phanouvong left Vientiane, realiz-
ing the conference had failed. He
said he hoped new talks would be
held soon, but pessimists feared
the Pathet Lao might resume
fighting stopped for several
months as result of the
deadlock.
The United States and the So
Wet Union have both said they
desire neutral Laotian govern
ment, but prospects for immediate
progress were still dim.
Evening star., 1961-12-31

influences. They have been sup
ported by the Soviet Union, and
are generally considered to be
pro-Communist.
Prince Souvanna Phouma is
supported by the more moderate
elements in Laos, and is consid-
cred the most neutral of the
three. At one time, he was the
Premier Of Laos, but was over
thrown by a military coup engi-
neered by Gen. Phoumi Nosavan,
Boun Gums trusted aide.
To regain power, Souvanna has
at times allied himself with
Souphanouvong. In fighting that
took place last winter and spring,
the Pathet Lao seized the north
ern half of Laos, giving Com
munist guerrillas easy access to
South Wet Nam, and disturbing
the balance of power in the area.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
RING IN THE NEW

The faces ore oma the for the
Oscor Berger
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Burroughs Plans
Medium-Priced
Computer Line

NEW YORK, Sept. 20 (AP).
Development of a moderately
priced electronic computer
aimed for a broad market has
been announced by the Bur-
roughs Corp. of Detroit.
Ray R. Expert, president, sale
at a news conference yesterday
that the new line was "the first
completely integrated, moder-
ately priced electronic system
designed especially for the
punched card market"
Deliveries will begin in the
fall of 1862.
Our own studies show that
during the past five years there
has been a $50 per cent in.
crease in the number of users
in the fields which the new
series will serve" Mr.. Expert
said. :
He said it could increase
PRODUCTIVITY significantly in vari.
Gus businesses where puncheI
cards are used.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
TALKING OF BUSINESS
Record Wave of Bank Robberies
Called SenseIess by Puzzled FBI

April IL, 1857 and landed the
bandits in jail within SO hours.
Another. tripped at a $2,700
holdup at Newark, NJ. on June
%, 1860, led to arrests within
six days.
Yet District banks h av e
shown little interest in the de-
wise. The only local institution
to buy one so far is a subur-
ban bank in Virginia.
To be sure, District bankers
are not alone in their skepti-
cism about hidden cameras. A
series of FBI conferences held
nationally in 1855 looked into
the idea, and the general view
of police, insurance officials,
private guards, as well as bank
ers was that cameras might be
rather impractical"
Insurance Covers Theft
Another factor not to be ig-
nored is the insurance covering
banks against theft. One June
80 out of 1899 banks in the
Nation more than 96 per cent
were Federally insured, accord
ing to the American Bankers
Association.
There are no discounts in in
Surance premiums for banks
that install hidden cameras.
What's more, the law of aver
Evening star., 1961-09-20

ages favors an individual bank
in holdups. Fortune magazine
pointed out last year that sta
tistically, a bank runs a risk
of being held up once every Sc
years. The average haul is now
around $4,000. according to the
FBI. And that's covered by
theft insurance, in nearly all
cases.
"You mean to tell me if we'd
invested in gadgets all these
years." says an official of a
big downtown bank that hasn't
been robbed since it was built
several decades ago. we'd be
on the black side Of the ledger?
I don't think So"
FBI Keeps Busy
Nevertheless, the bbery
trend has the FBI busy. 1t has
scheduled a new series of con-
ferences this fall, with one in
the District on November 8 with
law enforcement officials.
And it kept pace with the
robbery record in fiscal 1861.
There were 426 convictions, re-
sulting in total sentences of
4,425 years. And more than $1.l
million in stolen money was re-
covered. All three statistics also
were record highs.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

to the employees in the earlier
ruling. the Treasury explain.
because the employer firm ID
had no accident and health
plan of its own and (2) did
not require the employees or
the union to show that the pay
mentS actually were spent for
insurance coverage. If these
two factors exist, the Treasury
now holds, the reimbursements
are not taxable to the en-
ployes.
In the new situation, the
employer firm covered certain
of its employees under a group
policy, paid the premium di-
rectly to the insurance COM
pany. Other employees not un-
der the group coverage bought
their own hospital and medical
insurance policies and paid the
premiums themselves. The en-
ployer reimbursed these en-
ployes once or twice a year for
part of the premium payments
under proof that the insurance
actually was in force and being
paid for by the employees.
Two Key Factors
The Treasury says about
this: The reimbursement pay
ments qualify assan employers
contribution to an accident and
health plan because ID proof
is required that the> insurance
is in force and premiums have
been paid by the employe and
(2) the payments are stated to
be in reimbursement for the
employers share of the irsur-
ance premiums. Since these
two factors exist, the employer
can deduct the reimbursement
payments and the employees
need not pay taxes on them.
In this case, the employers
plan required him to pay some
premiums directly and others
indirectly by reimbursing en-
ployes who bought their own
insurance. But the ruling would
seem to apply equally to a plan
which was exclusively for reim-
burSement.
| To summarize, then, this key
ruling should boost sales of in
dividual policies of medical and
hospital coverage for employees
It should permit employers who
don't mind setting up reim-
bursement plan to benefit their
employees more effectively with
individual policies. And en-
ployes well may be happy to
pay any extra cost for individ-
ual as against group coverage
to get the policies they need
the most.
It's a significant tax break
all around.
Distributed 1851 by The Hall
Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1961-09-20
YOUR
MONEYS WORTH
Flexible Health Plans for Employees
BY SYLVIA PORTER

The United States Treasury
has issued a new, liberal rule
on medical insurance furnished
by employers which can bene-
fit millions of employees. AS an
employe. an employer or an
insurance agent, you should
know this rule we'll, for under
| it:
You. es an employe, may be
able to get medical or hospital
insurance tailored to your in
dividual needs and not have to
pay taxes on the premium paid
to finance the insurance.
You, as an employer, may be
able to set up a plan under
which you can suit your en-
ployes with individually Sc
lected policies rather than a
single type of group coverage
and while you'll be able to de-
duct the premium payments on
your tax return, the payments
also will be tax-exempt to your
employees.
You, as an insurance agent
may find the door opened wide
| to increased sales of individual
policies of medical and hospital
coverage for employees the Ma
ton over.
Hospital and medical insur-
ance bought by employers for
employees under a sick pay plan
is, as you know, a top fringe
benefit. The employers can
deduct the premium payments
while employees need not pay
taxes on them.
Flexible COverage Seen
Can this tax break be made
even more attractive by per-
mitting each covered employe
to buy his own kind of cover
age? If, say, one employe
wanted major medical cover
age and the employer said
of doctor bills, still another
wanted major medical cove.
rage and the employer said
"I'll reimburse each of you uT
to 500 for the premium vol
pay on your own policy" woulc
the reimbursement payment.
be tax-exempt to the employees
Until recently, the Treasury
has said this could not be done
Where an employer, under 6
union contract, made weekly
payments to employees to enable
them to buy individual hospi.
talization and insurance cover.
age. the payments were rulec
to be taxable wages.
/ But a new ruling now paves
the way for flexible, individual.
lied medical and hospital in.
surance-a great advance ir
this benefit.
Payments were held taxabl
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Purdon, Kruft
Promoted by
u. S. Lines

Directors of United States
Lines yesterday elected Alex
ander Purdon as executive vice
president and a director, and
also named Charles F. Kraft
as vice president.
Mr.. Purdon, a former WASH
ingten resident, Joined the COM
pany in August, 1859. as a vice
president. Since, he has been
primarily responsible for the
direction of the firms vessel
replacement program, which in
its first stage involves the con-
struction of IL new "Chal-
lenger" class cargoliners.
Mr.. Kraft, who joined the
Lines in 1926, viii continue to
make his headquarters in
Washington. He was recently