davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-24

of our lives. We ought to b,
formulating our policies anc
shaping our programs to brinl
about their eventual freedom
Our failure to peruse such
policies cannot be redeemed BY
an impetuous. sentimental
token response to one aspect
of a vast problem"
Queried by Capehart
Shortly before the White
House statement was issued
Senator Capehart, Republican
of Indiana, announced he had
telegraphed Mr.. Kennedy Vsk-
ing whether the committee had
his authorization.
The Senator told reporters
he sent the message because
"the people have a right to
know whether he has or hasn't
This is sheer blackmail, y
he said, "and I'm against TIE
Government doing anything
about it,"
Senator Humphrey, Demo.
crat of Minnesota. predicted
that Mr.. Castro will back out oi
the tractor deal.
Senator Humphrey, assistant
Senate Democratic leader, said
in an interview there are all
kinds of indications that Castro
does not intend to go through
with this plan"
Il hope that he will moi
back down because the lives OF
1900 Cubans are involved. p"
Senator Humphrey said. I'VE
have a moral responsibility fol-
these people. and I do not buy
the argument that an ex-
change Of lives for tractors is
blackmail.
Shows More Strength
"Our exhibition Of mercy and
concern for human beings
shows our moral strength. anc
I think the world will recognize
it as such"
In Baltimore. DR.. Eisenhower
told q news conference he Waa
"saddened and surprised" at
criticism Of the venture ex-
See TRACTORS, Page Al
Evening star., 1961-05-24
Robert Kennedy Asks
Restraint in South
Urges Avoidance of Actions Refecting
Discredit on Presidents Trip Abroad
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
star Staff Wvttay

Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy today called on
SouthernerS to restraint the Freedom Riders
into Mississippi and to keep in mind that President Kennedy
Is about to embark important mission to Europe.
Whatever we do in the United States at this time
which brings causes discred to country, be
Evening star., 1961-05-24
5000 Face Droft

The Defense Department has
asked that 5000 men be induc-
ted into the Army during July.
Yesterdays was the first draft
request since April when 1900
men were called up.
Evening star., 1961-05-24
Kennedy Asks Citizens
To Give for Tractors
Contributions to Be Tex Exempt;
Export Licenses Will Be Grunted
By GARNETT d. HORNER
Star staff Writer

President Kennedy today urged all Americans to con
tribute to the campaign to buy 500 tractors exchange
200 freedom fighters held prisoners by the regime
in Cuba.
The President announced that tax exemption will be
granted for contributions to the tractor fund.-
Evening star., 1961-05-24

harmful to his mission" th(
Presidents brother warned.
The Attorney General, whC
remained at his desk unit
Evening star., 1961-05-24
TILE AIEAFuen. Full Report
IIE IHGN" on Pass 81

District and vicinity-Clear tonight, low
in the mid-50s. Fair and mild tomorrow,
some cloudiness in the afternoon, high in
the mid-70s. High and low of the last "a
hours: High, II, at 4 pm. yesterday; low,
So, at 6 am. today.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
Double Check

Spring is gone and Summer is
here how much of it are we
going to take? Vacation time is
looked for months before we
reach the time to really enjoy
it then we get there UMPIRE
pared and some times unabel to
take what we had long antici-
pated.
There are some things in life
we better not put off. You think
about that. You may come up
with something worth thinking
about. We have much to enjoy
in this life but to enjoy to its
fullest we got to share with
others and together we all enjoy
more. Make somebody happy and
you will be happy too.
Lakes are open and all places
of amusement beckon you to en-
Joy life while you can. Trailing
along to mar everything is that
old automobile that takes us
there sometimes never
brings us back. You may be a
careful driver but what about the
one you are going to meet?
The Fourth is coming. Let's
make it a sane one. July carries
one Democratic Primary date.
the 18th. You select the three
men out of six to hold the next
four years as Governor, Lieut. and
Attorney General. THINK care
fully about this VOTE. Are we
going to do tits ourselves or let
somebody else do it for us? This
is our job to vote and nobody can
tell us how to do it. lin they do
we lose our freedom.
Yours,
j. Marvin Brown
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
UnWarranted Attack

private schools. He should have known
that when this policy was set there were
no public schools in Prince Edward
county. Mr. Stephens has either changed
his opinions drastically since 1858, is
totally unaware of the policy of Vir-
ginia, or is willing to force racial in
tegration of schools throughout large
area of Virginia where it is not only
impractical but impossible for the best
interest of the children and their par
ents.
1t would appear that Mr.. Stephens
has written off Southside Virginia in
his campaign for governor in his appeal
to those sections which have and will
bow to the dictates of those who would
force racial Indignation in the schools
of Virginia.
Mr.. Stephens we'll may wish that the
problem of schools would go away, and
that this problem must be resolved, and
it will not be resolved by forced racial
Indignation. We dare say there are many
more counties which will withhold ap-
preparations when the NAACP gets
around to forcing integration upon
them. Mr.. Stephens points to Prince
Edwards example because Prince Ed
ward was marked ten years ago as the
attack point for public schools in Vir-
ginia.
1t would seem to us that the counties
of Virginia should repudiate Mr. Step
hens unwarranted slur on Prince Ed
ward by voicing their disapproval of
him at the polls on July IL.
No man should be governor Of Vir-
ginia who would take away the sacred
duty and the priceless natural right
and obligation of the parents of Prince
Edward children to educate their chill
dren as they see fit under the laws of
Virginia. If Mr.. Stephens wishes to
make this a political issue tit certainly
should not be) then we have no choice
but to meet the issue and repudiate
both the unwarranted attack on this
county and those similarly situated and
Mr.. Stephens. Let's meet the issue.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

Of Rights would operate against
the States. The doctrine that the
necessities of the community
must be balanced against the
rights Of the citizen, SO that the
citizen usually loses. would go
out the window. Neither subway
conductors nor applicants for ad-
mission to the bar would be de-
clared unreliable because they
refused to an sWer questions
about membership in the Com
munist Party
To this unintentional indict-
ment, DR.. Hutchins added his
own concept of law. And here
again is a revealing glimpse in
to the mind Of an influential man
high in the councils of liberal
ism:
THE question (of law is not
what interests are at stake, not
what are the mores of the COM
munity, not who has the power
or who is the dominant group.
| but what is reasonable. right
and just. Certainly conformity
to the precise words of the laws
and Constitution is not enough"
It is there that DR.. Hutchins
and his ilk depart abruptly from
the traditional concept of con-
stititional government. Millions
of Americans hold steadfast to
the view, old fashioned but
comforting, that the trainers Of
the Constitution were them
selves superb judges of what is
reasonable. right, and just. :"
And the preci S e words they
wrote into that Constitution
were designed to insure that
Americans, individually and col
lectively would enjoy the bene-
fits of a reasonable, right and
just government.
But DR.. Hutchins goes Justice
Black one better, for he wants
to re-make not only the nation
but the world.
We must revive and recon-
struct the political community
in the United States" says DR..
Hutchins. because the task
before us is nothing less than
the organization of the world po-
litical community.
Americans may subscribe in
some numbers and in some de-
gree to the view that a world
political community needs or
ganizing. But Dr.. Hutchins will
find a limited number of con-
verts who will be willing to re-
construct the United States in
the process.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

ket is now eliminating no one
knows. but we should always
watch for the unexpected. Gold,
railroads, trusts, and electricity
were as glamorous in thier day
as space and electronics are to-
day.
Labor Union Era
The recent dupont General
Motors Decision may bring about
a reverse effect. It may unex-
pectedly make Wall Street opti-
mistic. The decision was basi-
cally against monopoly. as were
the decisions of several years
ago. Yet, the greatest monopoly
today is that of Labor Unions.
What if the Supreme Court should
suddenly dissolve the Transfers
Union, as now operated by Hoffa,
whom Pre- sident Kennedy's
brother. the Attorney General,
knows from A to z?
Such a decision could rule that
previous Congressional legislation
exehpting Labor from the Anti
Trust Law is unconstitutional.
Such a decision. instead of Great
ing a bear market, could cause
the Dow-Jones Averages to go
sky high. Surely this is a posi-
bility. and a reason why readers
are justified in keeping certain of
their common stocks and swap
ping certain Of the present CLAM
our stocks for the old-fashioned
blue chips. I forecast that some
day some such a decision will
be rendered. followed by Con-
gressional legislation. If Democ-
racy is to survive and dictator
ship be prevented, such Court
Decision will come some day.
Then, don't be short Of good In
dustrials.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

A E. 5. Stephens, candidate for Demo-
cratic nomination for governor Of
Virginia said last week that he hoped
no other county would follow the ex
ample of Prince Edward County to
close public schools.
Mr.. Stephens makes the mistake that
so many other people have made. Prince
Edward County people have not closed
public schools. They said in no unmis-
takably terms that they would not pay
for racially integrated public schools.
They said this in 1865. So long as public
schools could be operated in this coun-
ty on a racially separate basis (from
1854 to 1851 the county did provide
the funds to meet the local response
bility for public schools. When the time
came that federal court turned deaf
ear to all of the pleas for maintenance
of racially separate schools, the gov
erning board acting upon the expressed
petitions of the people did not budget
funds for racially integrated schools.
No other source has come toward to pay
the costs of integrated public schools
in Prince Edward County, and there
have been none.
The taxpayers Of Prince Edward have
graciously supported public schools for
many years. The County's record Of
local participation in relation to its
ability to pay has been high-the COM
parative state records will show this.
Even though the white people pay 66.8
per cent of the local taxes, the Negro
citizens 9.8 per cent and the public SER
vice corporations 23.4 per cent, there
has been no quibbling over the APP
preparations for separate public schools.
Mr. Stephens knows that every effort
was made to continue educational OPP
portunities for all of the people in
Prince Edward County He should know
that these opportunities w h EN- ac-
copied would provide education-and
satisfactory education for all Prince
Edward children.
In 1857, when Mr. Stephens was cam
paigning for e | c as lieutenant
governor, he was outspoken in support
of Prince Edward county's position-a
position a k e n in 1866, announced
publicly, and supplemented in 1859.
Mr.. Stephens, as lieutenant governor,
should understand that in the 1860 SEES
sion of the General Assembly that Vir-
ginia adopted as a policy the education
of the individual child, through two
methods traditional public school
system and or through scholarships to
the pupils as an aid to parents in edu-
eating their children in nonsectarian
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

began to be popular.
Although the aforementioned
Supreme Court Decision directly
referred only to railroads, it in
directly brought an end to this
Consolidation and Trust Era.
Hence, the panic following af-
fected both railroad and indus
trial stocks. There were no big
electric utilities in those days.
Electrical Era
The fourth era of glamour
stocks centered around compa-
MES producing and distributing
electricity. From 1907 to 1912
great speculation took place in
these electric stocks, eliminating
in the 1929 1885 collapse of Elec-
trio Bond g. Share.
The end came for this Electro
cal Era with the formation of
the Securities g. Exchange Com
mission. It's great powers enabled
it to eliminate. rearrange, or
break up any company manufac-
turing and distributing electricity
across state lines. Although the
use of electricity has continued
to increase since Thomas Edison
made the first dynamo. yet the
utilities are no longer considered
glamour stocks.
Present Space Age Era
mention the above events
thinking that the recent DUPONT
General Motors Supreme Court
Decision may put a damper on
speculation in companies produc-
ing missiles. space capsules, and
various electronic devices. The
previous Court Decisions which
l have mentioned have been I'M
expected. Each has pulled the
trigger" for a change in the
stock market trend. Whether this
means that the present bull mar.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
Babson Discusses Supreme Court Decision

BABSON PARK. MASS. June
% AS l study events in Wall
Street. l find that the first era
of speculation was in gold. This
was accompanied by some
speculation in Cove rnm e n
Bonds. Prices were based on
all reports from London. There
were then no cables.
GlamOrOus Railroad Era
Following the Civil War, from
1875 to 1900, most of the specu-
lation was in railroad stocks.
New mileage was constantly be-
ing built, due to the large inni-
grafton and cheap labor. accom-
panied by good crops. which
helped railroad earnings. The
Northern Pacific stock sold at
1000 a share. There was much
talk about railroad consolida-
tons. and the stock market was
especially bullish over pro-
posed merger of the Northern
Pacific. Great Northern. and
Burlington Railroads.
Then. suddenly. the Supreme
Court issued decision prevent
ing this consolidation. This
caused a quick drop in all stocks
in 1907. A member of the N. Y.
Stock Exchange invited me to
come on the floor of the Ex-
change and help him. l actually
saw mems hair turn gray within
48 hours.
Industrial Trusts
Following the boom in railroad
stocks there developed in inter
est in consultations and big
trusts. During these years, the
New York Stock Exchange took
great interest in industrials. It
was then that Moody's Manuals
and Babson's Reports we're
started, and investment services
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
W. D. Workman
Liberalest OF Liberals

The Supreme Court. by the
shnlmest of margins, seems to
be moving back onto the firm
ground of constitutional stabil-
ity and national self-interest.
Five of the nine justices are
willing to concede that the ma
ton has right to protect itself
from internal as well as exter-
nal enemies. The most hearten-
ing evidence of this was this
months decision strengthening
the hand of the United States in
coping with the Communist
Party on the domestic front.
Yet alone with that encourag-
ing note are other and opposite
signs-signs rejecting a judi
cial tendency to pander to the in
dividual at the expense of the
group, or to the minority at the
expense of the majority. The
rights of the individual and of
the minority are precious and
should be protected, but there
are judges who seem obsessed
with the notion that such rights
are superior to all others.
The principal figure among
these judges is Associate Justice
Hugo L. Black. The other day,
Justice Black was honored at
a dinner in Washington. But
many an American will find it
hard to ascribe "honor' to the
things said about him by that
other noted liberal. DR.. Robert
M. Hutchins, president of the
Center for the Study of Demo
cratic Institutions.
Hutc hinS came to praise
Black, and he did so after his
fashion. But what may have
been intended for and received
as praise will assuredly bear
another name in the minds Of
conservative Americans.
DR.. Hutchins portrayed the
Black judicial philosophy by dip
/ ping his brush into the notified
oils of Blacks judicial opinions
many of which fortunately for
u.s. have been dissents. But
these opinions constitute what
DR.. Hutchins calls, in approving
terms. "the Black country"
IF we explore the Black coun-
try" says Hutchins. :" we
see that if we lived there we
would be living in a different
atmosphere. The protection &C
corded the accused in criminal
cases would be extended. Aliens
would be treated almost .......
as well as citizens. The pro
lection of the Fifth amendment
would be broadened No test
oaths of any sort would be per
mitted. Censorship, obscenity leg.
islation, and group libel would
be unconstitutional
THE House I'm American
Activities Committee would be
regarded as an un-Americar
activity. The whole of the Bill
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
Miss Betty Davis
Is Entertained

AMELIA, June 26 = Mrs. John
E. Andrews, Of Raleigh, N. c.,
who was matron of honor in the
wedding of Miss Betty Davis, Of
Richmond, to William Preston
Mortimer on Saturday, entertain
ed in Miss Davis honor at a din
ner on June 10 at Miller and
Rhoads Tea Room.
Guests from Amelia were Mrs.
William Alexander Mortimer,
mother of the groom, and Miss
Nancy Mortimer, sister of the
groom and one of Miss Davis
maids of honor.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
News Report
NM. From
Washington


main topic of foreign policy dis
cussions now. and probably for
the rest of the year. is Berlin.
The crisis is once again building
around that former capital of uni
fled Germanys.
Washington has been strangely
silent since the Vienna meeting
between NiNta Khrushchev and
President John Kennedy, but evil
dence has come from Germany
in recent days which indicates
the government of Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer will never give
in on the Berlin question.
Germans Stand Firm
Both in Bonn and Berlin re-
Gently, on Unification Day in
West Germany. defiance was
hurled at the communists. Unfit
cation Day in West Germany is
the anniversary of the day some
eight years ago when East Ger
mans rose up and fought the
communists in an effort to win
their freedom.
Berliners of the western see
tors staged rallies and parades
of the East German dead. AIDE
nauer told the world in a speech
to parliament in Bonn that the
fleeing 10000 East Germans
to the West since the commun-
lists took over proves that the
people despise the communist
system.
And he and other German
speakers charged that the. reason
Khrushchev and the communists
want to get allied soldiers out of
Berlin is because Berlin is a
Showplace of democracy, a con-
slant thorn in the side of COM
munism, and a place where Ger
mans can see the difference be-
tween East and West.
Mansfield Causes Dismay
But while the Germans stand
firm against the threats, Presi-
dent K n n e d y has remained
strangely quiet and Senate Ma
jority Leader Mike Mansfield
even came up with a proposal
to make Berlin a free which
included the concession. it seems.
of withdrawing our troops from
West Berlin.
This which Mansfield
claimed was his own initiative
and philosophy -dismayed some
Germans for they saw in it the
first sign of giving in to Khrush-
chev's bullying and threatening
tactics.
And there were many who felt
that Mansfield's spe c h was
largely a trial balloon-urged by
President Kennedy and this ad-
ministration. If it was. then it
means President Kennedy is con-
sidering concessions at least
considering a solution which
would mean the pulling of U. S.
troops out of Berlin
If this happens. Berlin will be
at the mercy Of the communists.
1t will also be a shattering blow
to West Germans, whose conf
dence in United States firnness
and strength and dependa bility
be rudely shaken.
French Back Adenauer
Old Chancellor Adenauer told
the Russians bluntly-in his Uni
fication Day speech-that if they
wanted to lessen tension in the
world they should agree to a free
election in all Germany, and that
if Khrushchev would do this, he
would give guarantees Of nom
aggression to Russia.
There are many in Washington
who think that Kennedy is miss
ing the ball by studying Khrush-
chev's demands, thinking along
defensive lines. They think Ken
nedy should be pushing hard for
free elections in all Germany,
democratic free elections. which
this country should continue to
champion and propose. And they
believe we should never give an
inch to Khrushchev's bullying on
Berlin.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
SOME CHECKS

First Comedian - The former
Kaiser seemed to have consider
able funds at his disposal.
Second Comedian - Well, you
must remember that he received
big checks on the bank of the
Marine.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
William L. Smith
Distinguished
Student At Virginia

CHARLOTTESVILLE, June rs
George A. Downs, acting dean
of the University Of Virginia's
School Of Architecture, has an
nounced that William Leslie
Smith, of Farmville, is listed
among the schools distinguished
students for the second semester.
1960-61.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

One of the easiest things in the world
to do is to stand to one side and tell
the rest of the people what to do.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27
What Others Say
Mrs. Lucille Hillyard, Burlington, Calif.,

mother of I3:
Its your attitude toward life that
is important. That makes the difference
in your ability to cope with whatever
situation drops into your lap"
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-06-27

A GOOD BET
MY daughter is goin' to play
Beethoven tonight"
Il ope she wins"
Evening star., 1961-01-12

q joke. Dysentery and other
illnesses were part of the en-
vironment in which we lived.
Many Ways to Help
In underdeveloped countries,
he said, touching on a favorite
subject of the PreSident-elect,
we can help people at certain
critical points. with talent and
leadership and capital invest
ment.
Mr.. Rusk said discreetly he
thought our prestige had de-
clined, echoing a key Kennedy
campaign statement. He said he
thought it was "grotesque that
Mr.. Khrushchev in the United
Nations makes some headway
as a champion of freedom at
the expense of us who invented
it." ...
On the neutralism Of the new
African nations, he said, dis
playing a detachment he shares
with the incoming President,
that we should not "be in
tensely concerned about genu-
inc neutralism." Their general
health and strength, he said, is
OF more concern.
Most of the Senators. even
those most frustrated by Mr..
Rusk's incorribigle information
alism, ended up wishing him
well.
Evening star., 1961-01-12
Prosecutor Quits,
Hits U. S. Failure
To Fight Crime

CHICAGO, Jan. IL (AP).-
Richard B. Ogilvie, special
assistant United States attorney
who successfully prosecuted
Hoodlum Chieftain Anthony
Accardo, resigned yesterday,
accusing local and Federal
agencies of failing to cooperate
in the war on syndicate crime,
II am an angry young man,
you can believe that" said Mr..
Ogilvie, 81. He charged law en-
forcement suffered from "the
unwillingness of certain
agencies, both local and Federal
to work together in a real
partnership based on unity o1
purpose and mutual trust"
He said that after his resig-
nation from the Justice De-
partment becomes effective
February 4, he would name
names and disclose everything
else about why authorities have
been ineffective in fighting or
ganiZed crime"
Mr.. Ogilvie has been ir
charge Of a special group in.
vestigating syndicate crime
since october, 1858. He con.
Quoted the investigation anc
prosecution Of Accordo for in.
come tax evasion.