davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

preme Court decision included
a two-day rally in New York
September % and "a Of a group
called the National Assembly
for Democratic Rights, at
which several publicly acknowl-
edged Communists spoke.
Takes Fifth Amendment
Mr.. Criley, protesting loudly,
cited the Fifth and First
Amendments on questions deal
ing with organization of sew
eral Chicago groups in support
of the national assembly. AT
one point, when Mr.. Criley
said he could see no, relevancy
in a question Representative
Scherer, Republican of Ohio
said:
"Oh. witness, we are Just
trying to show, and I think
we've shown it, that these
meetings in New York were in
fact meetings of the Commu-
mist Party, acting in the guise
of this-what was the pame?-
National Assembly for Demo
cratic Rights"
Mr.. Cfiley replied: We'll, MFR
-Birch-I mean Mr.. Scherer-
II don't think that has beer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

lin a holy hour for world peace
tomorrow night.
The Most Rev, Patrick A.
O'Boyle, Archbishop of WASH
ington, will lead the services
at the National Shrine of the
Immaculate Conception, Hare
wood road and Michigan avenue
NE, at Q pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04


test a June 5 Supreme Court
decision.
The decision upheld the con-
stitutionality of the -McCarran
Internal Security Act, under
which the party must register
as an agent of a foreign power
and label its mail and pub
locations as Communist, At
the outset of the hearings,
Chairman Walter, Democrat of
Pennsylvania, said this would
eliminate concealment, which
he called one Of the party's
main weapons.
The protest against the Su-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

shown" Mr.. Criley's oblioue
reference to Birch was intended
to identify Mr.. Scherer with
the militantly conservative
John Birch Society. Some in
the audience giggled.
Other witnesses from around
the country uniformly pleaded
the Fifth Amendment on all
questions about the organizing
of local committees In support
of the national assembly ir
New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
300, 900 Gypsies
Still Roam Europe

VIENNA. - Before World
War II, Europe had a popula-
ton of about a million gypsies.
The Nazis tried to exterminate
these wandering individualists
who recognize only tribal au-
thority and the Communists
have attempted to merge them
into various national COM
munities. Both have failed.
There are still some 800, 600
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Catholic Men to Join
In Services for Peace

More than 5000 men repre-
senting every Catholic parish
in the Archdiocese of Washing
ton are expected to participate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
WitchHunt CryRoised
By Red Probe Witness
Nv the Associated Press

cry of witch hunt been raised against the House
Committee I'm American Activities by witness who
ancestor Of his was put to death in the Salem witch
trials in 1892 sl--
"I have family background for resentng being called
before the committee said the witness Richard Crley of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Labeled Red 4 Times

Committee counsel said Mr..
Criley had been identified as
a Communist on four different
occasions before the committee
Mr.. Criley was the last wit
ness ms two days s'of hearings
aimed at, demonstrating that
the Communist Party organized
and controlled a network Of
local committees formed to pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

gypses behind the magazine recently estimated
tainmost of them in Russia that five Hun
Hungary Romania and gsry's 100000 gypsies has a
Czechoslovaka A Hungarian regular job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

Chicago. He called the COM
mittee's action illegal and an
invasion of his constitutional
rights. :
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

ouoV and utility Of emokobY low price during Konns Anniversary
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poUrehone foom Modern fobde coverings brown
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KonnsFovrh Floor Washington
Lower Level, Arlington
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
9xI2.FT. ADMINISTER RUGS
IN 10 coLoRFUL PATTERNS

An excellent value this low Anniversary Sale pce Of the
most popular type Of for they long wearing and
cosy TO cIeon wide choice styles blend any
home decor they on and wool pile Choose from
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
eoLoRFUL oxI2.FT. IMPORTED
OVAL BRAIDED RUGS

You'll love the nominees Of these eoou oval brcded gs
Ideal for Colonial maple furnishings they equoly home
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konn's-Thrd Floor Woshngon Lower Level Arlington
Evening star., 1961-09-17

thrust simply cannot be made
great enough. It will be strictly
a deep-space form of propul-
sion, starting and ending out
beyond the Gripping gravita-
tional drag of planets.
Being low-thrust system,
an ion rocket would take a
long time to get up to high
speed. But as a high-impulse
system, not much fuel will be
needed to propel it. Accelerat-
ing slowly over a long enough
time will provide pretty re-
spectacle velocities, even by
interplanetary standards.
DR.. McDole is hopeful for
his ion engine, but not wildly
optimistic. "If during my pro-
fessional career-and I'm 81
now-we have gone to Mars
and Venus with these engines,
we'll have done a good job"
he says.
Tomorrow: How to Build a
Spacecraft
Evening star., 1961-09-17
Health Leaders
Meeting to Act
On Foundation

More than 200 civic, frater-
nal and religious leaders from
the Washington metropolitan
area will meet with leading
health figures Thursday to dis
cuss the relation of the Ma
tional Foundation to commu-
nifty groups.
The session, to be held at the
Sheraton-Park Hotel, will be
sponsored by the National
Capital Area Chapter of the
National Foundation.
DR.. James D. Ebert, director
of the department Of embroy-
ology of the Carnegie Institute
of Washington, will discuss
basic virology research and its
relation to the problem of birth
defects. Over 250,000 children
each year are victims of birth
defects.
Chairman for the event will
be Mrs. Leone Buchholz, we'll
known civic and religious lead
er in Northern Virginia.
Evening star., 1961-09-17
Mansfield Lists
Alexandra Visits

Inspector Dick Mansfield. di-
rector of The Stars School
Safety Program, will give his
cartoon safety chalk-talks at
the following Alexandria schools
this week:
Tuesday, 9;15-Charles Bar
rett.
Wednesday, 10:45-Theodore
Ficklin.
Friday, 9:15-Maury.
Evening star., 1961-09-17
Swim Meet at Center

Temple Sinai will hold a
swimming meet at the Jewish
Community Center. Sixteenth
and @ streets NV. at 2 pm.
today. About 80 boys and girls
from 6 to II years old are ex-
pected to enter.
Evening star., 1961-09-17
Opemtion Moon
High-Powered Rocket Systems
Offer Route to Deeper Space
BY WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer
CHAPTER 8

Americas hopes for the and beyond riding
strange bitterly cold substance that laboratory
curiosity not many years 1t is liquid hydrogen the
ghtes and Except for liquid helum) the coolest fluid
known.
Evening star., 1961-09-17
Has Drawbacks

Electrical propulsion, like
every other form, has certain
limitations and certain ad-
vantages. The chief drawback
is an extremely low thrust-to-
weight ratio; electrical systems
are inherently heavy compared
to the power they develop. It's
chief advantage is a very high
specific impulse. This situation
is just the reverse of the one
that applies to solid-fueled
chemical rockets.
This tells us something
about how electrical propulsion
will be used. AS far as anyone
can foresee. it will never be
good for takeoff from earth;
Evening star., 1961-09-17

:
pulsion systems. I see nuclear
components as part of the first
manned lunar mission only if
chemical systems run into un-
/ forseen difficulties"
A-ROcket Use Possible
The advantages to be gained
from atomic propulsion are so
great, however, that many ex-
perts believe failure should not
come from lack of trying.
There is no reason to rule
out atomic rockets for even
the first manned mission"
says the Air Forces Gen. Ber-
nard A. Schriever. I'VE could
have it by the end of the,
decade and it should be
seriously considered"
The difficulty in atomic
rocket power is not with the
hydrogen, it is with the atomic
reactor itself. Such a power
source must be light. able to
withstand terribly high interior
temperatures, reliable and safe.
A few experts-like Douglas
Aircraft's advanced systems
manager, Max Hunter-believe
small, low-power reactors like
AMP, the recently discontinued
Aircraft Nuclear Power engine,
could be used in the Space
Age. But the prevailing opin-
ion is to the contrary. Dr..
Russell D. Shelton, nuclear
project officer at NASA'sI
Marshall Center in Alabama,
/ says "a 4,000-megawatt reac-
tor is being assumed for a
lnuclear power system" -Four
thousand megawatts is about
the average power demand of
Chicago.
Proponents of atomic power
say such heavy outputs do not
have to be sustained very long;
if a reactor develops 1000
megawatts for five minutes. it
will probably have done its
job. But reactors are very ex-
pensive, and to amortize one
over five minutes of operation
is hardly economical. Longer
service life, with start-stop-
restart capability, probably will
be needed if nuclear rockets
are really to pay off. I
Better for Long Trips
"The nuclear rocket is
superior to the chemical rocket
for trips to Mars and return,
Ior for long-term ferry service
supplying a manned lunar
base" says DR.. Shelton.
DR.. Robert Meghreblian, nu-
clear propulsion expert at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory in
California, says experience
with atomic power is not suf-
ficient to justify optim m.
when we. talk about chemical
rocket systems we are talking
with Is years experience" he
points out. when we talk
about nuclear systems, our ex-
perience is only three years"
A form of propulsion even
more exotic may be ready be-
fore nuclear rockets. in the
opinion of some authorities.
This is the so-called cleo
trical- form, in which elec-
trified particles form the mass
to be elected from the rocket.
In theory, specific impulses in
ion rockets would be 10 times
higher than in atomic systems
and 20, 25 or even 80 times
higher than in conventional
ones. Certain metals like
cesium would be used as the
election mass instead of hy-
drogen. AS in atomic propul-
sion, combustion would not be
involved in the reaction.
DR.. Clayton McDole, head OF
electrical propulsion activities
at Rocketdyne, says the future
of this system is bright. The
power source, he points out,
need not be particularly large;
/ 3 megawatts, not 1000, would
be adequate. But even this
more modest atomic reactor
will probably take six to eight
years to perfect. according to
/ George P. Sutton, also a
! Rocketdyne scientist.
Evening star., 1961-09-17

MANAGEMENT
l7l7 Pennsylvania Ave-, NV.
Evening star., 1961-09-17

THESE OUTSTANDING FIRMS
PARTICIPATED IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF
coRcoRAN HOUSE. E.
Acacia Venetian Blind Co.
Venetian Blinds
Apex Decorating Co.
Painting 8 oecorstins
Builders Wood Flooring
Wood Floors
Waste King DishwasherS
Waste King Disposers
BY Falkenstine Corporation
Hamilton & Speieel, Inc.
Roofing
J. B. Kendall Co.
Finish Hardware
G. N. Ketcham Mfg. Corp.
Medicine Cabinets 8 Clothes Hampers
The KnolIman Co.
Concrete Construction
N. Litterio & Co.
Masonry
Metropolitan Construction Co.
Lsthins & PIssterins
Mid-AtIantic Appliances, Inc. .
Kitchen Cabinets Gas Ranges
MoraUer & Hartzell, Inc.
Excavatlne
Plaza Tile & Marble Co.
Ceramic Tile
Potomac Iron Works, Inc.
Steel stairwsys
William \. Singleton Co., Inc.
Plumbing, Heating & Alr-Condiionns
Southeastern Floor Co.
Resilient Foorns
Star Construction Corp.
Carpentry
Walter TrUIand Organization
Electrical Construction
]. S. Turnover
MilIWork
United Clay Products Co.
Face Brick & Masonry
Virginia Metal Products, Inc.
= Steel Doors & Frames
Walsh & Koehler Glass Co.
Glass & Glazlns
, 1961-02-17

UNION IA.
workers will receive vaca-
ton with pay, sick leave
with pay, and other benefits
included in the contract,
Gordon Skeoch handled
the negotiations and signed.
for the Distillery, and Max
Jacobs represented t h e
Union.
The Virgin Islands Labor
Union also announced that it
is working on many invita-
tons from workers to intro
duce the Union in their
plants.
The Union renewed its
invitation to all St. Croix
workers, and especially the
Alien hotel workers, to
join the Virgin Islands La
Dor union and enjoy the
same benefits of unionism
as other workers, according
to the release.
, 1961-02-17
PAN AM

PAN AM
flying between San Juan
and New York-Eastern
Air Lines and Trans Carib-
bean Air Lines-said they
had no plans at the present
time to join Pan Am in the
fare increase.
It was estimated that the
Pan Am fare increase will
cost New York-San Juan
passengers an estimated adj
ditional SIS million over a
six month period.
, 1961-02-17
IDEAL LOCATION

For Shop, Office or small apart
ment. 2 rooms : toilet, sink, Right
near C'sted Post Office. i Queen
Street, Write Stanley Hart. C'sted.
500 a month.
, 1961-02-17
insanitary conditions that existed there.

InSanlIafy cOnQltlOHS That existed LHSIS.
After had done 50, / notified the Governor Of my
visit there. also sent a copy Of my letter to Commissioner
Boreham and Commissioners Preston, Several weeks
passed and nothing was done to remedy these conditions.
again sent a reminder to the Governor in March.
TO bring you up to date on some Of the things that are
happening there. I was told that during slight rainfalls so
much soil would come down from the hill above the
school that it makes it very unsafe for the children. The
water would even getinside the school, and it would bring
down a lot Of mud. We'll, after this very heavy rainfall and
nthing had been done before, / certainly thought that that
would have been one of the first places to give some atten-
ton to. / don't want, at this time to say-as was said re-
.cently-that the Governor should have come out from his
office land the Public Works Commissioner should have
come out) and shovel away the dirt from James Monroe or
any other school or place. But want to- emphasize that /
really though that in view Of all that has happened before
that school would have gotten some attention. No.
thing was done. And, last week instead of one Of the chill
dren, the teacher fell and sustained some injury to her
back. Of course, she had to consult a doctor and SO on.
Now, I think that the person to look after that and to
see that the children, as well as teachers, are safe and
sound is the Commissioner of Education. The Commits
sioner Of Education, it seems to me, is very often away
from these islands and question if these constant visits to
the United States will benefit the islands as much as they
might be benefited if he stays here a little more and look
after the various schools and the conditions Of the schools.
Now, would be very happy, Mr.. President, if at this
time you would make an inquiry from the various depart
ments to find out if anything will be done in the very near
future to relieve this situation which exists chiefly at this
time at the Monroe School,
Thank you.
THE PRESIDENT: The Chair will forward letter
on this subject to the Commissioner Of Education with a
copy to the Governor of the Virgin Islands.
Mr.. OTTLEY: Mr.. Chairman.
H PRESIDENT: Senator Ottley.
Mr.. OTTLEY: Mr.. Chairman, we have heard quite
a few veto messages from the governor this afternoon and
should like to comment on a few of them but because Of
the time factor, / may only be able to confine my remarks
to one this afternoon.
Mr.. Chairman, I was surprised to hear the governors
message disappearing the bill to provide for the distribu-
nifty. All Of us in here are familiar with the plight Of the
people who received public assistance in Saint Thomas,
Saint Croix-and Saint John.
This has not been a partisan matter, Mr.. Chairman,
because all members Of the Legislature have taken an in
tereSt il this matter. I know that all members Of the Le-l
, 1961-02-17
GRAPETREE IA INN

st. CrOlx, ". /.
Y. S. Most Easterly Resort
Weekly Schedule Of Events
Monday
U CONDO
Tuesday
BEACH PARTY = PM.
Wednesday
BEACH PARTY g STEEL BAND
Thursday
cHIco's STEEL BAND
Friday
ENTERTAINMENT
Saturday
METRoNoMEs CONDO
SPECIAL STEAK DINNER
Sunday
cH1co'S STEEL BAND
COCKTAIL PARTY and
S-MoRGASBoRD
, 1961-02-17
Why are % liunY people
describing their old
insurance for ours?

There are good reasons.
For one, we're independ-
ent insurance counselors
which means we repre-
sent you and look after
your best interests.
Second, we recommend
and sell the HomeoWners
Policy, invented by INA.
This gives you in a
single policy - all the
coyerage you need for
your home and posses
sions, including liabil-
ity protection. "AIl-in-
one saves you money.
Other reasons2 Phone
US, and we'll tell all.
Evening star., 1961-12-24

Dick Hamlin: Who'd think
anyone would steal an
organ?"
WORDS ON MUSIC-The
aged English monthly, The
Musical Times, now in its
1,426th issue and its 1926
year, is getting mighty frisky
these days. Recently, the
editor embarked on a policy
of publishing, with each
number, a truly contempo-
rary musical work. The De-
cember, 1861, issue includes
a small selection Of some of
its aStounded readers COM
ments. About a carol by
Peter Maxwell-Davies using
mildly advanced techniques,
K. S. S. Jamal wrote: Per
Sonally I think it is an af-
front to God" Said Colin
Crabe: What possible con-
nection has the praise of
Mary with those melancholy,
purpoSeleSS progressions?"
Undaunted. the magazine
announces that next month
it will bring out-in addition
to its regular musical supple
ment-"a do-it-yourself COM
position by Cornelius Cardew
entitled Octet 61!"
Evening star., 1961-12-24
From the East

Interestingly enough, the
show of japanese wood
blocks has exactly the same
characteristic of projecting
the known upon the un-
known. The flaw-if it is con-
sidered a flaw-will be much
more clearly visible because
it is a case Of foreigners
painting us to look like them,
instead of, as with Catlin,
one of us painting foreign
ers to look like us.
But the show is a laugh
riot and ought to be seen.
The Japanese popular artists
knew much less about the
Americans than Catlin did
about the Indians. There are
some very funny pictures of
life in America drawn by
people who couldn't quite
imagine the strange land
across the Pacific. Balloons
float by in procession on the
theory that such aerial trans
portation, in 1867, was a reg
ular feature of stateside life.
American ladies, dressed in
the fashions portrayed by
Winslow Homer, have ines
capably Japanese features.
Commodore Perry himself,
with bristling eyebrows and
mustaches, is more than
half shogun, with sword
raised like Ko-Ko's snicker-
snee.
It is easy and instructive
to move back and forth be-
tween the exhibitions. When
you do it is borne in upon
you how extremely difficult it
is to see what is actually
there and not what we ex-
pect to see. Not Catlin and
certainly not the Japanese
quite achieved it, but in their
failures we can see again one
of the most fundamental
debts we owe to art when it
succeeds.
Evening star., 1961-12-24
The Oldest

What is the oldest known
printed Christmas carol still
sung today? Probably the
famous "Boar's Head Carol"
one Of a collection printed by
Wynken de Worde, Caxton's
apprentice and successor
back in 1921.
English and Scottish Puri-
tans of the 18th century were
strongly opposed to religious
feastS Of every sort and as
a consequence. they discour-
aged Christmas celebrations
and carol singing.
These beliefs they took
with them to the New World,
and there was much condem-
nation of Christmas from
New England pulpits. It was
not until the beginning of
the 10th century that tn e
idea of Christmas as a pagan
holiday began to fade on this
side of the Atlantic.
1t was in the Teutonic
countries that the strongest
attachment of family Christ
mas celebrations had always
existed, and the carol-singing
custom, now so natural to us,
was probably borrowed from
Evening star., 1961-12-24
Art Notes

Most Of the public art in
stitutions in town will be
closed on Christmas. Sim
ilarly. many of the CONNER
cial galleries will be closed
from now until after New
Years Day. It's a good idea
to check before making a
substantial journey to any
of them.
Today's covers-front and
back-of The Star Maga-
zine reproduce Nativity prints
by Martin Schongauer, one
Of the great early German
printmen. The originals of
the print reproduced are on
view in the National Gallery
in the corridor leading to the
cafeteria.
The only opening of the
week ahead is in the Cor
cOran Gallery of Art series
of one man shows for Wash
ington area artists. Paintings
and drawings by Peter G.
Thomas go on view there on
Friday. with a members pre-
view and tea on Thursday
at 4 pm.
Evening star., 1961-12-24
MUSIC PROGRAMS
TODAY

sAMCTUARY AND cLoIsTER
SH9IR5 aE2Hop1sF MoVNT GHuKGH VERNON \ PLACE b..ns
Stevens. soprano; Betty Barnes, con-
tralto; Roger Miller. tenor: George c..
Moudy, bass; Faith Carman, harp:
GSsfcb eSSfc BStss'' 81" MssssaSusets AYe he
$50 pm. Poinsettia Professional
and annual Candlelight Carol Ser
JOAN HARRISON GEO, harp. Western
Presbyterian Church, 1905 H ST.
N, w. IL am. Program rnavail-
SUNNY LIU. tenor. Sligo seventh-Day
Ave. Takoma Park. Nd. pm
NATIONAL GALLERY ORCHESTRA.
Riehsrd Bales; conductor, soloists:
harpsichord. National Gallery, 5
Haydn: slegfried Idyll, Wagner:
SUITE sSott, Amael and the Night Visitors s.
Suite No. 2. Bales Excerpts. L Arle-
MARGARET MoRdAN, organ. St.
Ave. at Princeton, College Park, Md,
10 pm. Music by Bach, Brahms.
D'Aeuin, -Clokey. Couperin, Mauro-
Cottone, Purvis, Schmutz. Whitmer.
WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL CHOIR
OF MEN AND BOYS, Paul Gala
way, conductor Soloist: Maria dI
ska, soprano; Elaine Bonazzi, con-
tralto; Mac Morgan, baritone: STAN
ley kolk, tenor: David Lloyd, tenor
Chester Lndgin. baritone; Alan Op-
penheimer, narrator. James Waring,
director. Washington Cathedral, 10
pm. Novellis, Novellis (worId pre-
miere). La Montaine.
CHRIST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
CHOIR, Alfred Neumann, conductor
With soloists, brasses, timpani ce-
leSta, and organ. At the Church,
952j Colesville Rd, Silver Spring,
II pm. An Opera for Christmas,
Neumann.
Evening star., 1961-12-24
What Carol Means
What Is a carol?

What Is a carol?
Obviously, Just because a
hymn deals with the Christ
mas story. it is not neces-
sarily a carol.
Musicologists have had
some difficulty in defining
the term exactly. but most
would agree that 1t Is a re-
ligious seasonal song, gener-
ally joyful in character, using
a vernacular text and widely
sung by ordinary people.
Carols imply dancing (since
the word probably derives
from the French "carole.
meaning a round dance);
they imply open air: they are
generally simple and tuneful.
Most Of them are inspired by
Christmas.
There is pretty clear evi-
dence that the oldest ones are
pagan in origin (as are most
Christmas customs, such as
those dealing with holly, ivy,
miStletoe, cake and candles) ,
and that they were adapted
to their present purposes by
the Church.