davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-06
BIomes Courts

I am writing you in regard
to your editorial on the
Willie Stewart decision by
the Supreme Court. am in
complete accord with your
editorial. 1t was a very un-
fortunate decision, coming at
a time when just recently two
men have been murdered on
the streets of Washington. 1t
Is my feeling that we law
abiding citizens have been
relegated to second class
status by the courts. think
the courts and our Govern
ment need to recognize that
every time a crime has been
committed the civil rights
Of the victim and his family
have been flagrantly violated.
We are given many rea-
sons for the continuing in
crease in the crime rate.
However, the real reason has
never been given. The real
and only reason for the con-
tinued increase in the ever
mounting crime rate is that
the courts from the Supreme
Court down to the lowest
courts have acted irresponsi-
bly, and failed to protect
society from the criminal.
The courts have been aided
and abetted by the criminal
lawyers.
The courts, as in the Willie
Stewart case. are more con-
cerned with their petty triv-
ialities and technicalities
than they are with innocence
or guilt. The courts are more
concerned with how evidence
was obtained than whether
1t shows innocence or guilt.
1t is high time that good
com m on sense and good
Judgment took over in our
courts. II 1t does not, appro-
Evening star., 1961-05-06
Breaking New Ground

Congressional approval OF minimum
wage legislation in the compromise"
form reported by House-Senate con-
ference portends something more than
the limited raising of wage floors and
expansion of coverage specified In this
particular measure. For the admins
tration victory gained in this instance
is not simply one Of providing a
graduated increase from 81 to $l25
hourly for the nearly "a million workers
already covered by the Fair Labor
Standards Act, or even of extending
coverage to an estimated additional 3.6
million employees.
1t is, more significantly, legislative
rewriting Of the definition of commerce
which is to be considered within the
area of Federal control, substantially
eliminating the distinction between
interstate (where Federal Jurisdiction
has been unquestioned) and intrastate
(Which generally has not hitherto been
under this type of Federal regulation).
Instead, the new legislation establishes
the dollar amount of business done as
the key factor In determining which en-
terpriseS shall be covered. In the case
Of retail establishments, for example,
the measure applies to employees of
enterprises showing 81 million or more
in annual gross sales, even though
confined within single State, provided
the employer imports across a State line
as much as $250000 worth of goods for
resale. If this principle is to prevail
there is no barrier, of course, to SubSe-
quent Congress revising this dollar for
mula, by progressive reductions, to a
point where the smallest intrastate
concern would come under Federal regu-
alton. Although his warning may have
been expressed in exaggerated terms,
House Minority Leader Halleck drama
tized real possibility when he told the
chamber that "if you create this
pattern for coverage, you will, II you
live little while, see the day when the
Federal Government will be reaching
right down into every corner store to
control It."
In such an eventuality, the way is
open to granting the central government
the power to fix minimum wage that
must be paid by everybody who employs
labor, with the prospect that future
extensions of coverage would be mo-
tivated by political reasons rather than
by economic ones.
For the moment, however, it is
obvious that Mr.. Kennedy has indeed
won victory-and on the very point
on which he refused to compromise
when minimumwage legislation died in
House-Senate conference in the late
days of the Seth Congress- To do so,
the administration reluctantly agreed
to the trading" Of certain coverageS
for exclusions as reported from Capitol
Hill-with the result that the con-
servative Democratic Republican House
coalition, that had narrowly defeated
legislation In substantially this form
earlier, was broken. This preaching Of
the conservative ranks seemingly holds
promise for other controversial parts
Of the administration domestic welfare
program
Evening star., 1961-05-06
City of the Angels

AS regards Charles Kings
letter in The Star on April
80, I totally disagree. Los
Angeles is the most beau
tiful city I've ever seen and
I've seen a lot Of them. Wash
ington is one Of the ugliest.
What about the beautiful
parks in L. A., like Macarthur
Park, and the others on Wilt
shire boulevard? Washing
ton hasn't one decent park.
And the ugly circles and mar
row crooked streets and slums
like Georgetown make 1t un-
pleasant to drive anywhere
in the city.
The sentence. 1T has a few
buildings rising up in a sea
Of parked cars" is a ridicu-
lous statement.
L. A. downtown Is beauti-
full and impressive and far
prettier than Washington or
N. Y. And in Washington
there are never any places
to park. Washington is ugly,
old, and an eyesore. L. A.
has wide. straight streets and
is we'll planned and laid out.
What about all the hideous
circles in D. C. that make
driving so hazardous and
what has Washington to COM
pare with beautiful Wiltshire
boulevard and beautiful
Western avenue that run
perfectly straight for 40
miles?
EVeIvn Rruca RniOnI
Evening star., 1961-05-06
Death of q Hawk

The picture Of a nine-year-
old boy holding a hawk he
had dubbed to death in Rock
Creek Park was a revolving
one, to say the least.
Why do we have parks2 Is
it not so people and espe-
cially children can have a
place to be near nature?
Are not the wild creatures
a part Of this nature, as we'll
as the flowers, trees. streams.
etc?
A young duck with a Grip
pied leg was brought to me
a few years back, rescued
from boys who were throw
ing the bird up in the air
to see 1t land in Rock Creek.
Because the bird was Grip
pied 1t could not swim as
fast as the other ducks,
therefore was helpless to de-
fend itself.
I am beginning to wonder
whether or not it Is advisa-
BILE to turn boys loose in
parks with no supervision.
What manner Of instruction
has this particular Cub Scout
Troop had? Perhaps the
troop needs a new leader,
better versed in the knowl-
edge Of wildlife. to give
them the proper instruction
they need. Also are not hawks
now protected in this area?
The hawk had probably
been raised by someone and
released in the area. No
doubt the bird thought the
boys would feed 1t. Hawks
we have had were trained to
alight on sticks held out, or
on our hands or arms.
n, M. n,
Evening star., 1961-05-06
Budget Plea

The Arlington Education
Associations plan to intp-
crate the organization has
far-flung implications II it
goes through. The next step.
Of course, will be to inte-
crate the teachers staff.
This will mean the assign
ment Of colored teachers and
supervisors to white schools.
When this comes to pass, it
Is quite certain that there
will be an exodus of white
students to private schools.
While applications for tu-
ition grants have remained
at a minimum so far, some
Of the County Board men,
bers resent appropriating
funds for this purpose. even
though the amount allowed
per pupil is far less than the
per pupil cost in the public
schools. The tuition grant is
$250-$27S per pupil. COM
pared to a cost of over $500
per pupil in the public
schools.
Mr.. Richards has termed
the present tuition grants an
outrageous raid on the treas
ury. II the amount which Is
now being appropriated is
thought outrageous, 1t is only
peanuts compared to what
will have to be appropriated
when colored teachers begin
to staff the white schools.
This is a contingency which
the County Board should
provide for when setting up
the budget for 1961-1962.
Kitty l., REYNOLDS.
Evening star., 1961-05-06
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Air Has Carbon Dioxide Cycle
By THOMAS R. HENRY

to bear on the still unSolved
blems Of atmospheric
science.
1t will be, according to the
foundation prospectus, q re-
search operational center,
synchronizing and co-ordi-
mating research operations
which may be worldwide.
Chlorophyll, the green pig
ment in leaves which Is the
cornerstone of all life on
earth, has been synthesized
in the laboratory for the first
time.
This has just been an
nounced by the National
Science Foundation. The syn
thesis, which has baffled
chemists for a century was
at last accomplished. with a
foundation grant by DR.. Rob-
ert Woodward of Harvard.
The accomplishment may
we'll be of revolutionary sig
nificance in furthering mans
control over nature.
The automobile on city
streets today really is running
on solar power processed by
the chlorophyll in the for
ests of a few hundred NIL
lion years ago.
Complex Compound
1t is chemically a highly
complex product. It's total
Synthesis in the past has de-
fled the efforts of some Of
the worlds greatest chem
lists. Starting with simple
molecules Of known struc-
ture not derived from chloro-
phyll itself, DR.. Woodward
completely syntheSiZed the
molecule and proved 1t to be
identical with what is found
in nature.
Natural chlorophyll con-
sists of two components
the blue-green and the yel-
low green. In nature they
are combined, but differ
very slightly in chemical
structure. The blue-green
component is the one synthe-
sized.
Evening star., 1961-05-06

1t is time for us to grow up.
World politics is not touch
football. The Monroe Doc
trine and the big stick" ap-
propriate to Teddy Roosevelt,
are obsolete today. Our blum
der in Cuba is not fatal: what
will matter is whether we
learn by our mistakes and
particularly whether the
American administration rec
ognizes the lesson which his
tory is trying to teach US.
Why should we hope to
beat world communism at its
own game Of subversion.
lying, and lawlessneSs? What
free men have to offer the
world is something better:
law, freedom. and govern
ment. If Americans spent
even a fraction OF the money
and energy on building a sys-
tenn Of world law which we
now spend on war weapons.
mankind would be growing
more rapidly than 1t Is to-
ward the political maturity of
world government.
World law is a revolution
airy idea. Disarmament pro-
posals are worthless unless
security begins in such world
law. Even world federalists
are dishonest when they pre-
tend that world law is a po-
lice problem. requiring no
functions Of q civil govern
ment at an international
level. A world law" limited
to prevention Of violence is
just the same old disarma-
ment hokum; provisions for
enforcement" alone would
not provide the essential leg
islative means Of decision
over the causes Of conflict.
nor assure to us a democratic
control over the decision
makers.
A world solution today
must be radical-in the sense
that 1t must go to the roots.
1t must be conservative, in
the sense that it will conserve
freedom and prosperity and,
most important Of all, peace.
1t must govern those inter-
national affairs which ma
tions cannot govern inter-
nally for themselves: trustee
ship Of former colonial peo-
Piles advancing to nation
hood, an administration for
the high seas. a world eco
nomic development author
ity. atomic and space agen-
cies. A world police function
and gradual disarmament Of
nations will follow only as the
fruits Of such a democratic
government Of mans COM
mon affairs.
1t is time to set events in
motion toward a world law
stronger and more fairly rep
resentative than that Of the
existing United Nations. A
world government is our one
alternative to perpetual crises
and eventual catastrophe.
Everett L. MiIlard,
Evening star., 1961-05-06

There is a carbon dioxide
year"
There are, in other words,
annual cycles Of the abun-
dance Of this gas. upon which
all life ultimately depends,
in the earth'S atmosphere.
This has been determined
by measurements made with
extremely delicate instru-
ments under the auspices Of
the National Science Foun-
dation. In Hawaii, for ex-
ample, there is a change from
about $40 parts in the at
mosphere in October to more
than 316 parts in May. This
presumably Is general for
much of the world. Over the
South Pole. however, obser-
vationS show no seasonal
variation at all.
Burning Boosts Content
Superimposed on the an
nual cycle there is a steady
increase at a rate Of about
one part per million per year.
Such an increase has been
expected on theoretical
grounds, due to increased
burning of coal and petro-
leum, which releases carbon
dioxide.
There is. at present. no
adequate theory to account
for the seasonal variation.
The slight jump in spring pre-
sumably is associated in some
way with the rebirth Of
vegetation. This does not
occur in the Antarctic.
The extreme Importance Of
carbon dioxide in the atmos-
phere is that 1t is the source
Of carbon for plant life
through the basic process Of
photosynthesis.
Study of other minor con-
stituents of the atmosphere
and their variations will be
one Of the objectives of a
National Center for Atmos-
pheric Research now planned
by the foundation. 1t is pro-
posed to bring the resources
Of engineering, physics.
chemistry and mathematics
Evening star., 1961-05-06

pirate action should be
taken to see that good COM
mon sense and Judgment
prevails in our courts. Let
us have no more Of the Willie
Stewart disgraceful episodes
in our courts.
Charlaw NJ EntoAmr.
Evening star., 1961-05-06

ence report in which most
of the Kennedy provisions
had been reinserted. These
Republicans deserted their
party leaders, who were un-
able to keep them in line.
This is one of the bills Pres
ident Eisenhower was able to
block, although the Demo-
Gratis had an even greater
majority in the House in the
last Congress than they have
in this. Most Of the deserters
on the Republican side hail
from populous districts in
the Eastern and Northern
States. Their attitude recalls
a remark once made by the
late Senator Claude Swanson
of Virginia-on the floor Of
the Senate-that there are
times when it is necessary
ito rise above principle"
That is, for politicians who
believe they know what their
constituents want, and who
themselves want reelection.
School Aid Bill on Way
Another of the Presidents
major must bills, the Federal
aid to education bill, is soon
to be reported from the
Labor and Welfare Commit
tee to the Senate. There will
be strong opposition to the
measure. Senator Harry F.
Byrd Of Virginia has already
attacked the measure on the
ground that it will place the
Federal Government In COM
plete dominance over the
public schools Of this coun-
try-able to dictate what the
pupils shall be taught, what
teachers shall be paid, in
fact, able to deal with every
phase Of education in this
country. No such power, he
insists, should be placed in
bureaucratic hands in Wash
ington, D. c.. or in the
hands Of any administration.
The bill authorizes the ex-
penditure of $2.3 billion dol
lars over a period Of three
years. Such subsidies once
accepted will be increased.
Senator Byrd predicts.
The willingness of the
present administration to
dictate to the States and
their schools, Senator Byrd
insists, has already been
demonstrated by the suit
which Attorney General Ken
nedy, the Presidents brother,
has brought to compel the
closing of all public schools
in the State of Virginia until
Prince Edward County has
complied with court orders to
integrate raciaHy its public
schools. Senator Byrd also
insists that the States have
already done a massive job
at building up their school
systems, and that If the Fed
eral Government steps in, it
will only cost the citizens
more taxes since they will
have to pay huge sums to
bureaucratic bureaus to ad-
minister the grants for edu-
ucation. The bill, however, Is
expected to pass the Senate
and also the House. The
administration plans to over
come the objections Of the
Catholics. Lutherans, Quak-
ers and the private schools
generally-they do not like
the Kennedy bill because it
makes no provision for their
schools-by broadening the
terms of the National De-
fense Education Act. This
measure makes provision for
aid to such schools. but
limited to certain areas.
Later will come the Ken
nedy bill for medical care
of the aged. which seeks to
tie this aid in with the Social
Security System. Here again.
the President is expected to
win out in the end. President
Kennedy, indeed. is sitting
pretty when 1t comes to most
Of the legislative program he
promised during the 1860
campaign.
Evening star., 1961-05-06
To Use Your Own Words Commander E. A-Okuy"
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDTiteTS' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSd-
tion. Those not used tnill be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied by self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-05-06
THE POLITICAL MILL
Congress Eats Out of JFK's Hand
By GOULD LINCOLN

President John F. Kennedy
is demonstrating that a
Democratic President, backed
by a Democratic Congress,
can get a broad-scale, heavy
spending legislative program
enacted into law, as he pre-
dicted in his campaign for
election. 1t is true he has
required Republican votes in
Congress to get him over
some of the toughest hurdles.
Nevertheless, the Kennedy
domestic program is clearly
we'll on its way. What effect
this program will have on
the country-its business and
employment, its prices and
labor costs, and its possible
initiation, remains to be seen.
If the economic situation in
the country continues to i'm
prove, the Democrats should
pretty well hold their own
in the congressional and
gubernatorial elections next
year-although some Of the
elections will be settled
largely on local issues and
the personality of the can
didates.
Again. Mr.. Kennedy has
demonstrated the tremendous
influence a President can
exert II he wishes to use it to
get things done by the Con-
gresS. And, as a matter of
fact, former President Eisen-
hover, although he did not
work at 1t as hard or in so
many directions as Mr.. Ken
nedy Is doing, also exerted
considerable influence. But
this was largely due to the
fact he held the presidential
veto power. Some Of the bills
now passed and on their way
to passage in the present
Congress, with the backing
Of President Kennedy, Gen.
Eisenhower was able to block
because of that veto power.
And some Of them he act
ually vetoed, and the Dem
ocrats fighting for the bills
were unable to muster a two
thirds vote to override the
Eisenhower vetoes.
Mr.. Kennedy has been
forced TO accept some COM
promiSes-as in the mini
mum wage bill-but in the
main, he has won major
victories on Capitol Hill and
as things now look. he is
going to continue, unless he
stubs his toe-as the late
President Franklin D. Roose-
welt did when he urged the
Congress to pack the Su-
preme Court back in 1887 in
order to get favorable opin-
ions from the court on New
Deal measures. The court.
Mr.. Roosevelt, commented at
the time was living in the
horse and buggy days" His
support Of that measure and
its failure cemented a Re
publican-conservative Demo-
cratic coalition in Congress
that has plagued liberal
Democrats ever since. This
coalition, however. has failed
to halt President Kennedy
and his program in any
material way.
Republicans Helped
In addition to the Presi-
dents victory in the mini
mum wage bill fight, he has
been able to put across his
depressed areas law. his tenn
porary increased unemploy-
ment compensation law and
several other important
social welfare measures.
While the Democrats have
been split on many of these
measures, so have the Re-
publicans in Congress. There
has been no G. o. P. PreSi-
dent in the White House to
exert even a minimum dis
cipline. So when the mini
mum wage bill came up for
final action in the House.
where 1t had once been de-
feated. 80 Republicans were
found voting for the confer
Evening star., 1961-05-06

Minister Macmillan has ordered extern
sion of current espionage inquiry
into a searching probe of Britains
security measures. Certainly something
is wrong with the present setup.
Evening star., 1961-05-06
Our Troubled World

Charles NJ. Ketchum,
Evening star., 1961-07-05

folk. Va. The couple will live
in Virginia Beach.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
ToWers-Krouse

Mr.. and Mrs. j. Charles
KrauSe announce the mar
riage of their daughter
Frances Lucille to Mr.. John
Louis Towers. son of Mrs.
L. G. Towers of Salisbury,
Md, and the late Mr.. Towers.
The wedding took place June
II at the University of Mary
land Chapel. The couple will
live in Adelphi, Md.
Evening star., 1961-07-05

lington announce the mar
riage of their daughter Jean
Tracey to 1t. Francis w.
Farrell, USA. son Of 1t. Gen,
Fracis w. Farrell, USA. Ret.J
and Mrs. Farrell Of New York.
The wedding took place June
"a at the Post Chapel. Fort
Myer, Va. The couple will live
in Fort Bragg, N. C.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Kerby-BozzeI

Mr.. and Mrs. Carl H.
Bazzel of Hatboro, Pa, an
nounce the marriage Of their
daughter Jacquelin Ann to
Mr.. Robert Henry Kerby, son
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Brooke
Kerby Of Oxon Hill, Md. The
wedding took place June "a
at st. John Boxco Church,
Hatboro, Pa. The couple will
live in Oxon Hill.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Pierdon-Nevitt

Mr.. and Mrs. Leman H.
hewitt announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Bar
bara 10 to Mr.. Henry A.
Pierdon, son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Arthur G.. Pierdon. The we'd
ding took place June 10 at
the Sixth Presbyterian
Church. The couple will live
here.
Evening star., 1961-07-05

daughter Alice Marie to Mr..
John KrieSel Schoolmeester.
son Of Mr.. and Mrs. George
H. Schoolmeester. The we'd
ding took place June II at
Blessed Sacrament Church.
The couple will live in Falls
Church.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Prott-Jones

Mr.. and Mrs. Oliver B.
Jones Of Silver Spring an
nounce the marriage of their
daughter Barbara Ann to
Mr.. Lawrence Arthur Pratt,
son Of Mr.. and Mrs. George
o. Pratt Of Forest Heights,
Md. The wedding took place
June 3 at st. Bernadette's
Church, Silver Spring. The
couple will live in Lawton,
Okla,
Evening star., 1961-07-05
D'Arcy-DonneIIy

Announcement is made of
the marriage of Miss Mary
Anne Donnelly to Mr.. Ken
meth Francis Darcy, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond George
darcy of Cambridge, Mass.
The bride is the daughter of
the late Mr.. and Mrs. John
Evening star., 1961-07-05
cobs-BukoWski

Mr.. and Mrs. John Bukow-
ski of Connecticut, announce
the marriage Of their daugh-
ter Genevieve to Ensign Rob-
ert Charles Jacobs, USN, son
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Robert F.
Jacobs of Arlington. The
Evening star., 1961-07-05
WdssiIieW-Hood

Mr.. and Mrs. Victor Hood
of Hyattsville, announce the
marriage of their daughter
Anne Marie to Mr.. Adolf G.
WaSSiliew, son of Mrs. An
dra Nichi and the late Mr.
George G. WasSiliew. The
wedding took place June %
at the First Methodist
Church, Hyattsville.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
CuthreII-B Burger

1t. Gen. Joseph Charles
Burger, USMC. and Mrs.
Burger Of this city and Nor
folk, Va. announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Flea
nor Sedgwick to 1t. Donald
Williams Cuthrell, jr., USMC,
son Of Mr.. and Mrs. Cuth-
rell Of Richmond, Va. The
wedding took place July / at
the David Adams Memorial
Chapel, Naval Station, Nor
Evening star., 1961-07-05
WEDDINGS

wedding took place June 81 at
the Fort Myer Chapel.
Schoolneester-
Rocks
Col. william A. Rocks
USA, and Mrs. Rocks an
nounce the marriage of their
Evening star., 1961-07-05

Donnelly. The wedding took
place June II at Saint Peters
Church, Cambridge. The
couple will live in Arlington.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Sutton-loWe

Mr.. and Mrs. Lat Robert
Lowe Of Forest Hills, KY,
announce the marriage of
their daughter Louanna to
MIR. Howard R. Sutton, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. George L. SUIT
ton of Arlington. The we'd
ding took place June "a at
Arlington Forest Methodist
Church. The couple will live
in Arlington.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
ForreIl-Ryon

Brig. Gen William F. Ryan
USA, and Mrs. Ryan of Ar
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Cornick- -BoxIev

Mr.. and Mrs. Seddon Glas-
gov Whyte Boxley announce
the marriage Of their daugh-
ter Nancy Whyte to Mr..
Louis Carter Cornick, jr., son
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Cornick of
Norfolk, Va. The wedding
took place June "a at Christ
Church, Alexandria. The
couple will live in Norfolk
and Charlottesville.