davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Little Laos:
A New Policy

British and French opposition
had succeeded last week in sOf-
tening the United States posi-
ti0n on Laos, where an Ameri-
can-backed rightist regime is
fighting rebels backed by Com
munist North Wet Nam and
China.
When in 1858 the United States
decided to make Laos key bas-
tion of the Southeast Asia Treaty
ORGANIZATIONS defenses against
any Communist penetration, the
Royal Laotian government headed
then by Prince Souvanna Phou-
ma, needing American advice and
largesse, called upon the Inter-
national Control Commission to
disband and 60 home.
The commission was established
after the partitioning of the for
mer French Indo-China. Its mis-
sion was to insure the establish
ment of order and responsible
government in Laos. 1t consisted
Of India, Poland and Canada. a
mixture of neutralist. Commu-
mist and Western. to guarantee
political impartiality.
But the United States deemed
the commission dangerous. be-
cause India and Poland, voting
together. could stymie the West.
In any case, Prince Souvanna de-
cided that Laotian stability was
sufficient to permit abandonment
of the commission.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
In nAIgeHio:
A Big Vote

Beginning Friday. a three day
referendum began in Algeria on
the proposal of French Presi-
dent Charles de Gaulle for IAN
Algerian Algeria"
Beginning with the smallest
communeS on Friday. Algerians
began voting on Gen. de Gaulle's
program to establish a semi-au-
tonomous Algerian government in
which the Moslems would have
major political powers. Yesterday
the larger communes voted and
today the large cities where Euro
pean population is largest are 60
ing to the polls.
Also today. the people Of France
itself are voting on the De Gaulle
proposal, with all indications
pointing to success for the Presi-
dent despite heavy opposition from
political leaders of both Left and
Right.
The French Army in Algeria
was charged with getting out the
vote, and the first days results
indicated they were succeeding.
Some go per cent of those eligible
cast their ballots. Since the Al
gerian National Liberation Front
and the Provisional Algerian Gov
ernment had ordered a boycott Of
the referendum. this heavy turn
out was considered encouraging
by the De Gaulle supporters.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Allies Disagree

But. American efforts to force
an unyielding stand in Laos did
not meet with British or French
approval. When the SEATO
Council met, at United States call,
in Bangkok. the capital Of Thai
land, there was no agreement on
a firm policy, a challenge to Com
munist support for Laotian rebels.
Even Thailand. previously much
concerned. appeared to back away
from a direct decision to threaten
military force If Communist in
tervention continued.
Early last week it was clear that
the policymakers in Washington
were taking second look at the
Laos situation. Without the sup
port Of Americas allies, another
Korea was out. and military inter-
vention impractical. The Boum
Gum regime won approval from
the Laos National Assembly, thus
giving it claim to legality and
bolstering the United States case.
Britain. seeking to head off an
other Korea type war over Laos,
worked for political solution.
The first proposal was that the
International Control Commission
be re-established, and send it's
representative to Vientiane to ef-
feet a compromise.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Kennedy:
More Advice

President -elect Kennedy's eco-'
nOmic study group last week
urged quick action to halt the
current recession" and said a
tax cut might be needed next
spring as an aid. ,N
During the recent presidential
campaign. Republican attacks on
the fiscal responsibility the
G. o. P. believed to be inherent in
the planks Of the Democratic
platform drew blood from John r.
Kennedy
On more than one occasion the
subsequently successful Bostonian
formally pledged his devotion to
the sound and stable dollar. His
programs. he said, could never be
characterized as 1lscally radical.
After the election. the Eisen-
hover administration parted the
curtains on the serious balance
of payments deficit which con-
fronts the Nation and which has
produced a steady drain on our
gold reserves.
This deficit, caused by, our
spending more abroad than we
earn there, clearly counsels good
budgeting, in the view of the out
going Republican administration.
Big budget deficits at home can
only bring about a lack of con-
fidence in the dollar, in its opinion.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Lack of Stability

But stability has not been a
feature of Laotian political life
since that decision was taken.
Prince Souvanna, who attempted
to form a coalition government
including the representative of
the pro-Communist Pathet Lao
which controls most OF northern
Laos. was forced out of Office The
successor government was a
strongly Western. right-wing
regime.
Last summer. however, a para
trooper captain named Kong LIE
led swift coup that toppled the
Vientiane regime and brought
Prince Souvanna back to power.
He sought once again to create a
broadly-based government, with
participation by both the Pathet
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Invasion Chorqe

At the United Nations Security
Council on Wednesday. Cuba's
Foreign Minister Raul Roa
charged formally that the United
States was ready to attack Cuba
with an invasion force before JAN
uary 18, and even possibly within
a few hours" Mr.. Roa had the
backing of Soviet Delegate Va
lerian A. Zorin when he launched
long descriptions Of alleged Amer
ican invasion and aggression
preparations" But the Security
Council was not impressed. In ef-
feet, the Councils response was to
reject the Cuban complaint. The
eleven-nation body simply declined
to act. and set no date for further
discussion.
But Mr.. Castro acted. as i'm
pressively as the Wizard of or.
The traditional good-cheer and
exchange Of gifts OF Three Kings
Day, when most Latin nations Gel
ebrate the Christmas season, was
marred by the tramp of marching,
grim-faced Castro militia. Roof
tops were manned by sentries.
Artillery emplacements tore up
the smooth grass of the seaside
Malecon. aircraft batteries,
ready and with full crews. con-
trasted sharply with the ancient
walls Of Moro Castle.
Urged on by blaring radio loud
speakers and blazing headlines in
the now-total Castro press. Cubans
everywhere lashed themselves into
Evening star., 1961-01-08

Rules group: Cd Enlarge its men,
bership and make sure the new
members are liberals or moder-
ates: (2) drop Mr.. Colmer.
The proposal to eliminate the
veteran Mississippisn has pro-
ivoked a counter demand that if
this is to be done then Representa- :
tive Adam Clayton Powell, Negro
Democrat from New York. should
be denied the craftsmanship of
the House Labor and Education
Committee because he supported
President Eisenhower in the 1856
campaign. To do otherwise would
be to discriminate in favor of
Negro, a turn Of events not often
recorded.
BY the end of the week. how
ever. there was a compromise plan
being talked about which. while
Z not altogether pleasing to either
side. might attract enough sup
port to settle the matter for this
Congress. ,*e,- sf
This involves an agreement by
the Southerners that they will
not use the Rules Committee to
block the Kennedy legislative pro-
gram in any particular but civil
rights: In addition. the Rules
group would be shorn of its power
to smother bills passed by both
Houses, but which require ad-
justment by joint conference COM
mittees.
Rules Chairman Smith report-
edly would agree to such a COM
promise. But, the man who holds
the key to the situation, Mr.. Ray
burn. is still keeping his own
counsel.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Toward Isolation Of Cuba

The United States. broke of
diplomatic relations with Fidel
Castro's Cuba Tuesday night. In
Havana, Castro forces prepared
frantically for an Invasion"
that was apparently wholly fic-
ti0nal.
There is a limit to what the
United States in self-respeet can
endure. That limit has now been
reached"
With these words providing the
key explanation for the action,
the White House on Tuesday eve
ming announced a step rarely re-
sorted to in American diplomatic
history President Eisenhower's
words were blunt: the behavior of
the Cuban government since the
coming to power of the bearded
revolutionary Fidel Castro had
pushed the American patience to
the breaking point.
The trigger for the severance Of
formal relations with young ma
ton whose independence came as
q result of United States inter-
vention. eliminating in war with
Spain in 1898. was Premier Cas-
tro'S frenzied diatribe last week
end in which he demanded that
the staff Of the United States EN-
bassy in Havana, already sharply
reduced in numbers, be slasiled to
ii persons. The Castro harangue
was followed by a formal note
from the Cuban Foreign Ministry.
making the reduction formal and
decreeing that it be carried out
within 40 hours.
This calculated action on the
part Of the Castro government"
Mr.. Eisenhower's, announcement
said. sis only the latest in a long
series of harassments. baseless
accusations. and viliflcation.
1t is my hope and conviction that
in the not-too- distant future
It will be possible for the historic
friendship between us once again
to find its reflection in normal re-
lations Of every sort"
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Our Sympathy

For the Cuban people, the Presi-
dent emphasized. the United
States traditional friendship was
mot affected" by the rupture in
relations with the Castro regime.
Our sympathy goes out" he said.
Ito the people Of Cuba now Suf-
fering under the yoke of a die
tator"
Thus. after more than two years
OF intensive Yanqui- batting, Fidel
Castro has succeeded in sundering
the strong ties that. despite many
stormy periods, have bound Cuba
closely to the United States from
the beginning Of American. ma
tional existence.
But the Cuban fulminator may,
indeed, have done more than that.
Today there are six nations in the
Western Hemisphere that have
broken of diplomatic relations
with Havana. Others have ex-
pressed their displeasure with the
course Of the Fidelistas by re-
calling their Ambassadors. leaving
diplomatic missions in charge OF
lesser ENJOYS.
Diplomatic isolation among the
nations Of North. South and Gen.
trail America appears more likely
for Castro with every passing day.
To tighten the ropes Of isolation
seems to have been a major con-
sideration in the United States
decision to break of relations.
Still the question remains, a
question that brings almost as
many varying replies as any in
international affairs today: Does
Castro really desire this isolation,
is he working according to a de-
liberate blueprint Of Communist
penetration? Or is he q megalo-
maniac, an egocentric, power-and-
adulation mad political adventur-
er whose hold on the guajiros OF
Cuba would slip as soon as the
enormity of Cuba's economic des-
peration is realized?
Whatever the reasons for Fidel's
sustained campaign Of hatred for
the United States. he has at last
brought about the split he so
plainly desired. The reaction in
Havana to the break-off, however.
appeared to be one of surprise. If
Castro had planned everything
this way. only few Of his closest
aides knew about it. And even
there at the top. the first state
ments from government circles
expressed, somewhat curiously. the
hope that the incoming Kennedy
administration would take a diff
ferent attitude toward Cuba and
restore relations.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

Lao and by rightist groups. Once
again he failed. when an Army
revolt led by Gen. Phoumi Nosa-
van succeeded in capturing the
capital. Prince Souvanna fed to
Cambodia.
A week ago the United States
was breathing fire about Laos,
Soviet built nyushin transport
planes were air-dropping ammu-
ntion and supplies to the retreat
ing Kong Lc forces. The new
government of Premier Boun Gum
charged formally that North Wet
Namese troops were reinforcing
the rebels. and the State Depart
fment backed the. charges.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
The Refugees

Thousands of Cubans. lined up
dsy-after day at the American
Embassy seeking visa for entry to
the United States, were doomed
to disappointment when the En-
bassy doors closed. All workers
but the IL permitted by CastroS
order were gone from Havana by
Friday, and Charge d'Affaires
Daniel M. Braddock and the 10
others left yesterday. Switzer-
land. experienced in this sort of
thing, is taking over the handling
OF United States affairs in Cuba.
Czechoslovakia will look after
Cuban interests in the United
States.
World reaction to the United
States action in breaking off re-
lationS with Castro was generally
favorable, except for the Commu-
nist-bloc nations. Radio Moscow
called the move another step in
planned aggression. But the
Western nations. and Latin Amer
lean countries. in general saw the
development as one that was JUS
tifled and long overdue.
President-elect Kennedy and
Secretary of State designate Dean
Rusk were informed of Mr.. Eisen-
hower's decision in advance. but
Mr.. Kennedy refrained from as
sociating his incoming admins
tration with the severance action.
The President-elect's position was
in conformity with all his stands
taken since the election; it was
emphasized that he neither ap-
proved nor disapproved the Eisen-
hover administrations action.
The Kennedy administration, when
it takes over the Nations affairs
on January 20, will start with as
clean a slate as possible.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
THE NATIONAL SCENE
NewCongress Fights
The Bosic Issues

Liberals and conservatives in
Congress last week spared over
the rules question, delaying a
showdown, which Is now ex-
pected within the next several
days.
~ '.k -
Like two prize fighters uncertain
Of each others strength and
strategy, the liberal and eonserv-
etive coalitions in the House and
Senate used the opening week Of
The e7th Congress as "feeling
cut" period in the battle over rules
changes.
Each side had hoped, originally,
20 dispose of these matters quickly
ana toits own satisfaction:
In the Senate-the Democratic
g. o. P. liberal bloc wants to re-
wise Rule %, which now requires
sWo-thirds Of those members
present and voting to cut OF de-
bate. while the conservatives op-
pose any weakening OF it..
In the House-tf1e liberals want
te break what they regard as the
conservative stranglehold OF, the
powerful Rules Committee, which
has often blocked welfare legisla-
ton dear to liberal hearts. Con-
servatives, largely Southern DEM
ocrats and Republicans, oppose
any tampering with the commit
tee. -
After several days of strategy
meetings on both sides of Capitol
Hill and preliminary skirmishes
on the floor there were few OBJ
servers who were willing to make
nat predictions on the outcome
OF either battle. No votes, of even
the preliminary kind, have been
taken. Thus, the factional lead
ers themselves cannot be positive,
ct this point. of the number of
votes they can command.
There is general agreement.
however. that in the Senate. where
the liberals goal is to make it
easier to block "a filibuster, the
proposal to allow a constitutional
majority Of 81 (there are 100 Sen
atorS) to shut OF debate stands
very little chance of being
adopted.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Some Stay Home

In some areas, however, absten-
items were heavy. They ranged
from per cent in Geryville, in
northwest Algeria, to a whopping
Sc per cent in Saint Arnaud. the
home of Ferhat Abbas, rebel leader
and Premier of the Provisional
Government.
Gen. de Gaulle appealed again
Continued on Page ca
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Peaceful 'Gitmo'

At Guantanamo Bay on Cuba's
south coast, all was peace and
tranquility last week. A lone de-
stroyer swung idly at anchor in
the roads, and life at the big
Navy Base went on as usual. A
treaty between the United States
and Cuba assures the continuance
Of the base. and the State Depart
ment made it very plain when
diplomatic relations were broken
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Chances Dim

But as the week ended. the
chances for resurrecting the Com
mission were dim. None of the
three member nations recognize
Boum Oum. despite his approval
by the King and by 41-0 vote in
the Parliament. The Soviet I'm
ion, which would have to approve
the Commissions return if it were
to have chance of success. was
insisting that Prince Souvanna
Phouma was still the legitimate
government.
And Boun Oum. with United
States support. WAS demanding
that all three member nations of
Evening star., 1961-01-08

the Commission must recognize
his regime, and that all seven ma
tionS signatory to the Geneva
convention on Indo-China agree
to reinstituting the Commission.
Amid all the confusion, how
ever, the threat of war over Laos
which darkened the horizon a
week ago had receded signifi-
cantly. 1t seemed very likely yes
terday that the State Department
would conduct a holding opera
ton on Laos for the ensuing days
before the Inauguration of Presi-
dent-elect Kennedy.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
A Compromised

In fact, the revisionists are now
hoping they can corral enough
votes to put through what they
would privately regard as a happy
compromise. This would require
three-fifths Of those present and
voting dnstead Of two-thirds) to
invoke cloture. or the hating of
debate.
One Of the arguments which
has hindered progress by the
Senate liberals is that a Rule %
fight could produce a quick fill
buster which might delay Presi-
dent-elect Kennedy's legislative
program,
On Thursday. the liberals called
a news conference in which they
told reporters that they had a
scheme to get decision quickly
well before Inauguration Day,
January 20. So confident were
they-or were they whistling past
the cemetery?-that they revealed
their strategy. With certain
irony, their case hinges squarely
on Vice President Nixon.
They contend that Mr.. Nixon's
1857 decision that at the start OF
a new CONGRESS the majority NAV
shut OF debate in order to amend
its rules. if reiterated by the Vice
President in this instance, will
mean victory for them.
Should such a Nixon ruling be
appealed, the liberals assert. they
could terminate debate on the
appeal with a simple motion to
table. or kill. it. Motions to table
are not debatable. And. so.
quick vote on the Nixon ruling
and the proposed change itself
would be assured.
The wise parliamentarians in
the Southern camp have not re-
sponded publicly to this liberal
vision. but their sleeves have usu-
ally had secreted in them a timely
surprise or two.
In the House, the uncertainty
10 compounded. All sorts Of re-
ports have filtered through the
corridors and Offices: Yes, Speaker
Rayburn wants conservative Rep
resentative Colmer of Mississippi
pursed from the Rules Committee
because he didn't back the Demo-
cratic presidential ticket. No. Mr..
Rayburn doesn't.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

a frenzy Of preparedness for an
invasion that was certainly imag-
mary. But when the "Yanqui ag-
gressors" fail to storm ashore. TO
be met with Castro zeal and Czech
rifles. the Premier can safely as
sure his people that their pre-
paredness had foiled the invasion.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

with Havana that the action IN
no way affected the validity of
that treaty.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Powell, Too

Many Democrats and Repubh-
cans oppose each Of two we'll
publicized plans to change the
philosophical complexion of the
Evening star., 1961-08-09

appreciate 1t If one Of you
readers could send in a recipe
for making them. Thank you.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Bothtub Spot
Mrs. N. C. D., Washington

Mrs. N. C. D., Washington
The bathtub in. my bath
room has a single faucet
which dripS much of the time.
I've had a plumber fix it, so
that is not my problem.
AS the water drips, it seems
to wear away the white ena-
mel and it leaves an insight
ly raw spot. How can I cover
up this spot? Would white
paint be adequate?
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Sherlock Holmes
Mrs. S. X, Washington

Everyone in my family.
loves to read the Sherlock
Holmes stories. We play a
parlor game of asking each
other questions like "Who
was the lady villain in "A
Scandal in Bohemian"
This question arose the
other evening: Did Dr. Wat
son surrender his commission
In the Army when he began
private practice? ! hope. one
of you readers can answer
this question for me.
Evening star., 1961-08-09

one tone darker across your
forehead at the hairline and
blend with the original
shade. Be sure to always
keep a high forehead pow
dered as q shine will only
make it seem more notice
able. For your coiffure, take
advantage Of the fashionable
bangs, dips, and sweeps Of all
types which will help cut the
high forehead look.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
CLUB
TOMORROW

l tablespoon soy sauce. Have
ribs cut into serving pieces.
Combine sugar, eornstarch
and salt, and stir in vinegar, 4,
catsup. pineapple and Juice,
and soy sauce, Cook until
slightly thickened. for about
five minutes, and stir con-
Stantly. Arrange a layer of
ribs in a roasting pan. Cover
with part Of pineapple mix
ture. Add another layer of
ribs and top with the remain-
ing sauce. Cover tightly. Bake
in moderate oven $3.50 de-
grees) for IA to 2 hours.
Serves four.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
WEE WOMEN
Gold .TooIine
Mrs, r. v. ~, Alexandria

Have any OF you readers
ever tried doing your own
gold tooling? I have a couple
OF leather folding picture
frames and would very much
like to tool them in gold my
self, but don't want to run the
risk of running them.
I can draw little designs
with no trouble with a pen
and paper, but don't know if
it would be as easy when
working with strange tools. I
would certainly appreciate
some advice on this.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Bracelet Cleaning
To Miss 4. N. l.. Betht

10 MISS a. ". L,S 6eLHSSu0
Mrs. T. F. B., Washington
To clean your gold brace
let, I would suggest that you
simply swish it around in hot
SudSy water, and rinse it off
in clean water. I have also
heard that household am
monia can be used to clean
jewelry, but I would not ad-
wise using it on anything but
real gold. 1t could ruin cos
tune jewelry or pearls. -,
I hope this has helped you.
Evening star., 1961-08-09

By the way, to clean the
links in the bracelets, why
don't you try using a very
soft toothbrush. Be careful
not to use one that is too
hard, as it would undoubtedly
scratch the gold.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Beauty Hints

II you feel that your ap-
pearance suffers because of
q high forehead, don't be
alarmed says Max Factor,
world famous beauty author
ity, for this condition may be
glamorously diminished with
makeup and a proper coif-
fure. IS
When applying your foun-
dation makeup, use a shade
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Stretch Socks
4. NJ, Siluer Spring

Has anyone found a way
to whiten children's nylon
stretch socks? I've, used all
sorts of bleaches but after
three or four washings, the
socks look yellowish next to
little white shoes. l have
many pairs, and all are in
need Of treatment.
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Hawaiian Sporeribs
Miss F. w., Wushinoton

Maybe. some of you Hawaii
enthusiasts will enjoy this
dish. Use 2 sides Spareribs,
2 tablespoons cornstarch, u
cup vinegar. l 9-ounce can
of crushed pineapple, 3 table
spoons brown sugar, u table
spoon salt, u cup catsup and
Evening star., 1961-08-09

However, I haven't any idea
how they are made.
AS my beans are about
ready to be picked, I would
Evening star., 1961-08-09
READERS CLEARING HOUSE
Wants Picked String Beans
Mrs. N. ". 2, Vienna

Can someone give me a recipe for picked
string beans? A friend of mine remembers eating
some Of these when she was little girl, and she
thought they were delicious
1--we on farm and grow my own beans, and
thought it would be nice if picked some for her
Evening star., 1961-08-09
Here's How

Readers Clearing House is con-
Quoted ENTIRELY THROUGH THE
MAIL as q pubIie-seriee exehonse
Of ideos between oreo readers. The
Stor connot oecept phone coils per-
toinins to this column. All letters
must bear the writer's full nome and
oddress. No advertising is printed.