davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30

son.
The issue then was slavery
ana the Lost Cause was born.
Today the issue Is forced
straightforward a Second Lost
Cause is in the making. And
Mississippi's progress will suffer
in the impending battle today.
just as it did one hundred years
ago.
How sad it is that good and
reasonable men in Mississippi
have not made their voices heard
and directed their actions to pre-
venting such a situation to occur.
The hard climate OF mlsunder-
standing which has prevailed in
Mississippi since the Citizens
Councils We're organized has paraS
lyzed the state and our people
with fear-and when people are
afraid all progress. stops.
When you read our Editorial
of Note this week, remember
this:
The State Sovereignty Com
mission, which meets today, is in
the present embarrassing stu
alton in the Billy Barton case
simply because it allowed itself
to be virtually taken over by
the Citizens Council.
1t was the Citizens Council
which took the Billy Barton
story and what a story-all lies,
to the Sovereignty Commission;
it was the Citizens Council
which, according to ats own
statement, received information
on Barton from its affiliated
organization in Georgia which IN
turn had received information
from a paid informant placed
on the staff of the Atlanta Jour-
nal"
In other words we have not
only some Of the members and
officials of the Mississippi Cit
liens Council spying on people
but an apparent network of
spies within the Southern states
where the Councils are operating.
The Sovereignty Commission
should divorce itself completely
from the Citizens Coucils today
cutting off the $4,000 monthly
donations it is giving them.
And when the Legislature
meets the first order of business
should be the abolition of the
Sovereignty Commission itself.
II We are to keep any kind
of segregation in Mississippi it
won't be because of the Sow
ereignty Commission or the Cit
liens Councils-instead these two
agencies are actually fastening
the day Of forced indignation
with their activities, particularly
the Citizens Councils with their
rabble-rousing.
But by turning our efforts and
our energies in more construct
i've channels, it is possible that
we may be able to keep some
semblance of what we are pleas
ed to call "Our Southern Way of
Life"
But people Of good will had
better get to work on it in q
hurry.
How does it feel to be 124
year old?
Read our editorial and find
ont
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30
Observance OF Easter With
Sunrise Services

Special services are being arranged by Lexington and
Holmes County churches in the observance of Easter Sunday
with several of the churches offering sunrise services for
their congregations and communities as well.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30

How does it feel to be 1874
year old?
Read our editorial and find
out.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30
BY Hazel Brannon Smith

On Sunday we celebrate Chris
tendom's greatest event-the ris-
ing of our Lord and Saviour from
the tomb where they placed Him
after He had been crucified on
Calvary.
This is the message we have
to give to a world-a world fill
ed with tensions, hate, dissen-
sion and strife among nations
ana people.
What a wonderful message it
is-a message Of hope, peace,
love and glory!
What a privilege it is to be
blessed and bound with the faith
and love that unites Christians
together everywhere throughout
this troubled world.
Just as Christ rose from the
grave triumphant over all his
foes one day His people, too,
will rise triumphant over the
evil and despair that is some
time their lot here on earth.
What a wonderful day that
will be!
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30

Mr.. Parham H. Williams gave
an eloquent eulogy of Mr.. Bill
Kenna at the dedication cere-
mony held Friday afternoon at
the Lexington school.
AS Mr.. Williams talked about
what a privilege it was to live
in this day and age, we found
ourselves wondering whether or
not we appreciate that privilege.
Surely the Christians in anci-
ent Rome had no greater tempta-
tons than We have today.
1t may be that it took less
courage to face the lions in the
Coliseum than it does today to
try to live thel life that Christ
would have us live.
Courage and faith are both
needed in abundance.
But what a challenge!
The moral code of conduct
based on Christianity is the only
force capable of overcoming the
theology of the Communist.
If We would all start living
and acting like Christians are
supposed to live and act we
would have no trouble overcom-
ing Communism anywhere it
exists.
And we would have no race
problems or racial conflict.
The great tragedy in our state
today is that a group of young
people feel that in Mississippi
their future is hopeless-that
they will be forever relegated
to second class" citizenship be-
cause of the color of their skins
something God gave them.
They protest by a "study-in",
a method that will gain them the
maximum in national sympathy
and support.
So the battle begins in Missis-
sippi-a battle that might we'll
have been avoided. if we had
statesmen instead of politicians
handling our affairs of govern
ment.
One hundred years ago our
state vas embroiled in a raging
controversy that took US into a
Civil War-a var that ended
with havoc and destruction, a
war that need not have been
fought had men listened to rea-
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-03-30

But people of good will had
better get to work on it in a
hurry.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Good Reporting

The Brightwood Commun-
ity Association would like to
take this opportunity to COM
mend The Star for its out
standing contribution to the
Washington community in
reporting the underhanded
attempt to diScredit the
Washington public school
system. The exposure of the
photographers and the mo-
tives Of the lawmaker who
hired them to photograph
fraudulent scenes Of racial
unrest did much to bring to
light the efforts Of many
groups to foil our attempts
at integration.
1t is the policy Of our as
Sociation to make certain that
such service does not go un-
recognized. Your alert, timely
and comprehensive coverage
of the story exemp.ifies the
high ideals upon which your
paper was founded. Freedom
Of the press is truly a great
right when placed in the
hands Of an organization
such as yours. We earnestly
hope that you will continue
unbiased reporting.
Darnley M. Howard.
Vice President, Brightwood
Community Association.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Big Corporations

Recently there has been a
good deal of unfavorable
publicity in the press con-
cerning the big, evil corpora
tions and their so-called
Strangle-hold on the Ameri-
can economy.
The administration has
put them in a bad light, and
there's even been some talk
of breaking up giant COM
panies such as General Elec-
trio, etc. However, before we
go too far in condemning or
cutting up these big corpora
tions, we ought to examine
our relative position univer-
sally, not only with respect
to our morals, where there
is room for improvement, but
compare our economic and
military position as we'll.
Most of us will agree that
with our high standard of
living, we're pretty well off.
All the men representing Big
Business are not angels, but
it cannot be denied that Big
Business made a major con-
tribut1on in the victory of
the last two wars, and is
now daily helping this Nation
hold down or acquire the No.
l position in world affairs.
Let's keep 'em big.
Herbert SOmmers.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
CHANGE in Korea

In resigning both as Premier and as
head OF the military junta that seized
power in South Korea little more than a
month ago, 36-year- Lieutenant Gen.
eral Chang Do-young appears to have
caved in under presSures demanding
stronger leadership. At any rate, al
though the situation remains rather
obscure, that is the way his sudden
departure from political eminence is
! being generally interpreted in Seoul
The new Premier is Defense Min
lister Song Yo-chan, 43, who served with
distinction as army chief of staff during
the regime of ouSted President Syngman
Rhee, and who is retired lieutenant
general. Apparently, again according
to reports from Seoul, he is widely re-
Spected among his countrymen for his
toughness, his integrity and his deter
mination to stand fast against commu-
nism and promote far-reaching polit-
ical and economic reforms in South
Korea.
Important as his post may be, how
ever, Premier Song Is subordinate to
the man who has replaced General
Chang as chairman of the junta. This
man is Major General PAX Chung-hi,
aged A. Actually, he is said to have
been the chief organizer of the May
coup and the real power behind the
scenes ever since, with Chang's regime
serving merely as kind of front for
him. In any case, he now has assumed
the top role in South Korea, with en-
phaSiS on promises to march forward"
with reconstruction of the national
economy and establishment Of social
morals"
Incidentally, 1t should be noted, as
the Associated Press has reported, that
General PAX has been linked in the
past with the Reds. But his role in that
sense seems to have been shortlived. In
the APPS words, he "was actually under
death sentence at one time after a
court-martial convicted him of forming
Communist apparatus in the South
Korean army" But he "won forgiveness
by turning over enough information to
enable the army to purge most of it's
Communists at the start Of the Korean
conflict" And he "haS had an exemplary
record since"
Another reasSuring fact is that
General PAX has long had a close and
friendly relationship with General Song,
who is now Premier and whose oppo-
sition to the Communists seems uncom-
promising, In the circumstances, the
United States and the free world as a
whole have ground for confidence that
the latest political change in Seoul will
tend to strengthen, rather than weaken,
South Korea's resistance to Red total
itarianiSm.
Evening star., 1961-07-05

@. Please describe the hag-
fish,. w.
A. This salt water fish
(Myxine glutinosa) has been
described as "a Shiny, bone
less, eel-like creature without
eyes" 1t is related to the
lamprey, ranges up to some
80 inches in length, is a car
rioneater and also parasitic.
Some kinds of hagfish are
found in deep water; others
prefer the soft mud of bays.
The mouth-end Of the hag-
fish has no jaws. The round
mouth is surrounded by ten
tacles which are used as feel
lers; the tongue is studded
with horny teeth, which are
used to bore into the bodies
Of large fish. When caught.
the creature pours out slime
from the abdominal mucous
sacs along its sides.
@. In investments, what
are defensive" stocks?-A. A.
A. This term refers to
stocks which ordinarily do
not suffer as seriously as the
market in general in a time
of economic recession. They
are conservative stocks, which
give a high degree Of prin-
cipal safety and assured
though moderate income.
Bank, utility, food company
and insurance stocks usually
fall in this group.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
Mans Two Brains Think Alike
By THOMAS r. HENRY

underlie their design are be-
ing studied by Massachu-
settS Tech scientists.
One of the very few bats
that fish for a living, says
DR.. McCue, is the noctilio
perorinuS which inhabitS
parts of the Caribbean area.
1t catches fish by gaffing
them with well developed
claws.
Fear Full Moon
"This he does" says the
report, "by flying low over
the water, dipping his feet
from time to time, and drag
ging them for distances of
a few inches to a few feet.
Some fraction of the time
this dipping results in pull
ing out a fish"
The bats, DR.. McCue says,
avoid fishing on nights with
a full moon because they
themselves may be snatched
by much larger fish leaping
out of the water. On other
nights they appear shortly
after dusk.
The experiments to date,
says the report, have given
a clear indication that the
bats locate their victims in
the water by means Of sonar
pulses which they send out.
They may, however, simply
detect ripples in the water
made by fish swimming be-
low the surface, rather than
the actual fish themselves.
Most of the observations to
date have been carried out
IN the Canal Zone
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Propaganda Material

Rather than being even
slightly outraged by the Tor
case decision I looked upon
it as a possible source of
propaganda advantage. A
day or two before or after
the TorcaSo decision it was
reported that a number of
Hungarian priests had been
arrested and will probably be
severely punished because
they dared express political
ideas. Would it not be to our
advantage if we could pub
lish to the world that the
highest court in our land
had honored its obligation to
protect an ordinary citizen
in his right to insist that
our country's Government be
carried on in accordance
with our Constitution, even
a not very well understood
part Of our Constitution? BY
contrast Russian dominated
countries appear to have no
Constitution to appeal to.
Repression comes easily to
the relatively small clique
who rule countries such as
Hungary.
Charles Il. Stout.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Thanks Blood Donors

1t is heartwarming to note
that because of the most
outstanding and generous re-
SponSe by Red Cross blood
donors during the past fiscal
year the District of Colum-
bia Chapter of the American
Red Cross, at noon on June
29, was able to announce
that its blood collection
quota of 44,054 pintS of blood
had been reached. This eX-
cellent response on the part
Of the volunteer donors and
the hard work of the hun
dreds of volunteer bold re-
cruiters, has meant that
blood has been available for
the patients in our hospitals
throughout the year.
AS we come to the close of
our fiscal year, I would like
to express, on behalf of the
Red Cross, our grateful ap-
probation to the thousands of
volunteer donors and volun-
teer recruiters whose dona-
tionS and hard work made
this wonderful record possible.
We begin our new year
with every confidence that
the continuing job of COL
lecting our quota of blood,
especially during the vacation
months, will be made easier
because of the loyal support
and hard work of our donors
and recruiters.
Margaret E. Finley.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Clumsy Gesture?

Would someone please tell
me what international un-
derStanding could possibly
come from our Vice Presi-
dents goodwill gesture to-
ward a PakiStani camel
driver? The concept of peo-
ple-to-people programs is
excellent, but once more sin
cerity defies all common
sense. Again we try to bridge
the vast chaSm between our
highly technical civilization
and a simple, rudimentary
one by throwing out a pom
toon bridge Of row boats.
Certainly Vice President
Johnson's dramatic gesture
was sincere. 1t was also aWk-
ward and ill-conSidered. And
now it appears that every
one at the top of our society
wanted to get into a demon
Stration of friendship at the
graSs-roots level without the
slightest thought that our
notions of graSS-roots and
those abroad are poles apart.
The whole matter could be
made to appear a propa-
ganda stunt, even if this was
not the intention.
Despite thousands Of globe
trotting Americans and Off
cial representatives abroad,
one might well wonder if we
are really capable of pene-
trating the ethos of a foreign
people. Our apparent lack
Of perception seems to be
furthered by a kind of self
indoctrinated provincialism,
and the higher the echelon
of officialdom, the more evi-
dent this lack appears.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Troiko and the u. N.

When the General Assembly meets
(Deo volente) for it's 10th regular session
next fall, one of the big issues before
it will have to do with proposals for
drastic political and operating changes
in the present administrative structure
otthe United Nations. To put it mildly,
the issue threatens to generate hot de-
bate, and it conceivably could do irrep-
arabic harm to the world organization.
This danger, Of course, stems pri-
marily from Premier KhruShchev'S ap-
parent observation-disclosures ex-
pressed by himself and his propagandiSts
throughout the past year-to get rid of
Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold
and replace the Secretary'S office with
triumvirate made up Of "neutraliSt,"
WeSterner and Communist. Clearly,
since each of these three would have
the power to veto anything and every
thing OF substance, such an arrangement
would be an executive monStroSity
capable OF reducing the u. N.-Assembly
and Security Council alike-to complete
paralysis and uSeleSSneSS in times of
international crisis.
Nevertheless, Mr.. KhruShchev has
plainly indicated that he intends to keep
on demanding that Mr.. Hammarskiold
and the U. N. Secretariat be swept away
to make room for this hydra-headed
paralyzerAan organizational Set-up so
inherently and so obviously unavoidable
that the Kremlin's growing insistence
upon 1t suggests that the Soviet Union,
for reasons best known to itself. is
seeking to destroy the United Nations
by reducing it to an abSurdity. Nor have
the So-called "uncommitted" or Gun
aligned" nations of Asia and Africa
been Of much help in this matter. On
the contrary, their compromise" pro-
poSal-which would retain the office
of Secretary General but still subject
it to the veto of three deputies, "neu-
traliSt," Western or Communist-seems
quite as bad as Mr.. Khrushchevs, only
perhaps bit less fortnight, and much
more naive.
In these circumstances, it is good
that Mr.. HammarSkjold, in a formal
commentary on special study Of the
subject, has once again emphasized that
he Is unalterably opposed to the Soviet
effort to transform the U. N. into an
international political troika, with each
of the three horses at liberty to gallop
off, at whim, in any and all directions.
To be sure, he favors reorganizing
the Secretariat in way that will enable
qualified Communists and "neutralists"
to move into more administrative Jobs
than they have now, but he has left no
room for doubt that he will defend his
office against all Red efforts to destroy
its independence, impartiality and
objectivity.
In all of this, it need hardly be
added, the Secretary General can count
upon the strong support OF the United
States and the West in general. And he
can rely, too, on those nations of Asia
and Africa that have kept their eyes
open and see clearly, despite the Krem-
Inns efforts to fog up everything, how
the troika principle, if adopted, could
bury the U. N. and their own hopes
with It,
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Indorses Duncan

How about merit? John
B. Duncan'S record in Gov
ernment alone surely should
qualify him as a Commits
sioner in our great city. He
has been a Government en-
ploye for % years.
His record of civic interest
for many years, his princi-
pies and integrity, not to
mention a reputation that is
beyond reproach. all add to
his academic qualifications;
these are the standards upon
which our Government places
promotions. These are the
merits which we claim one
Of high office should have.
I am sure that we have
found in Mr.. Duncan the
qualifications for a promo
ton as a Commissioner for
the District.
James A. Howard.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
CAPITAL Punishment

1t has been pointed out
that the four hapleSs clients
of the bogus lawyer who are
now sitting out their days in
death row pose a nice legal
problem. It might also be
said that they pose a nice
moral problem for us in
whose name the District Of
Columbia is prepared to kill
them. Their lawyer lacked
credentials: but who gave
proper credentials to Judge
and jury and prosecutor to
send these men to their
deaths? The answer is simple
we, the people did. We who
are too bored, or callous, or
faint Of heart to tackle the
tough problems of crime and
punishment and rehabilita-
tion, say that such and such
men, in certain situations,
can kill a token few, prefer
ably Negroes.
Let us make a beginning,
in this increasingly dehu-
manized world, in affirming
our sense Of the sanctity of
human life, with these four
wretched men. Let us abol-
ish capital punishment here
in the Natian'S Capital. AS
members Of the Socialist
Party Social Democratic
Federation, which has long
advocated the abolition Of
capital punishment, we call
on the District Commissioners
to use all their powers to
rid the District of Columbia
of this archaic, unjust, dis
criminatory and useless pun
ishment, the death penalty.
Charles Van TasseI,
Lewis Carliner,
Warren Morse,
Milt Zatinsky.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
National Zoo

The decision that the Smithsonian
Institution after this year will bear the
expense Of capital Improvements at the
Zoo will remove burdenSome and illog-
ical load from the District government.
BY no stretch of the imagination is the
Zoo municipal enterprise. It is in
reality as much national institution as
the Smithsonian itself, fact that is
demonstrated by the administrative
control which the Smithsonian has exer-
ciSed over the Zoo from its origin. Yet
for all these years, due to the arbitrary
decision of an earlier Congress, the tax
payers of Washington have been saddled
with its entire expense.
The assumption of capital improve
mentS as Federal responsibility recti-
fies only part Of the wrong, however
We hope that the same reasoning which
led to this change also will be extended
next year to cover the routine costs of
operating and maintaining the Zoo. If
1t makes no sense for the District gov
ernment to have to buy a new lions
cage, 1t obviously makes no sense for
the District to have to pay for the feed
ing and care Of the lion.
All the same, the Smithsonian
Board of Regents is to be commended
for taking this important first step, one
which certainly will be in the best inter-
ests Of the Zoo itself. The shameful
deficiencies and outmoded facilities of
this wonderful park have been told too
many times to need repetition here. 1t
is the intention of the regents that,
starting next year, sufficient Federal
appropriations will be sought annually
to make the desirable improvements on
an orderly basis over period of time.
AS an initial stride in this direction, it
is especially important that the Zoo