davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-08-16
CONFERENCE. 7.,v.
Pact Retains Stress
On Private initiative

dent Kennedy to avoid involve
ments in political debate which
would weaken the final ma
chinery agreed to by the con-
ference.
For that reason Mr.. Dillon
refrained from pushing the con-
troversial phrase on free elec-
tions that the BrazilianS op-
posed. The United States dele
gates say they also saw poten-
tial acute embarrassment if
the StroeSSner dictatorship in
Paraguay-which has held no
election in five years-should
sign the original document.
The delegates wanted the
declaration to be the least con-
troversial and the simplest state
ment possible to the people of
the hemisphere about all the
complicated machinery set up
here.
The present schedule calls
for this declaration and the
long charter of Punta Del Este
to be signed tomorrow morning.
By that time Maj. Guevara
will have answered the only
real question remaining here:
Will Cuba sign?
Evening star., 1961-08-16
Air Leader
Resigns in
Arqentinu

BUENOS AIRES, Aug. Is
(AP).-Air Force Secretary
Ramon Abrahim resigned early
today as a crisis developed in
Argentina's air branch.
President Arturo Frondizi
announced shortly after mid
night that he would accept Mr..
Abrahim's resignation, appar-
emily submitted to avoid a
showdown between opposing
groups within the Air Force.
Mr.. Abrahim acted after the
air force commander -in-c chief.
Brig. Cayo Alsina, defied the
secretary's order placing him
under 30-day house arrest.
Instead, Brig. AlSina went to
Moron Base outside the capi-
tai and announced he was still
in command.
Mr.. Abrahim already had ap-
pointed Brig. Garcia Baltar to
replace Brig. Alsina until a new
chief was named. Brig. Baltar
set up his headquarters at an
other air base.
Brig. Alsina's arrest was or
dered after a night session Of
air force leaders which dis
cusSed fueding among high
ranking officers and the un-
successful vest pocket revolt
last Friday in which a few air
force officers took part. The
revolt attempt lasted about
seven hours and ended with
out bloodshed.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
EosterIy Wave
Increases in Gulf

NEW ORLEANS, Aug. 16
(AP). - Weather Bureau in
Struments indicated today that
an Easterly wave in the South
west Gulf of Mexico has in
tenSified and should produce
winds of IS miles an hour in
heavier squalls tonight.
Build-up of the Easterly
wave, the first step in possible
development into a tropical
storm. was detected by the
automatic weather station and
ships in the Southern Gulf.
Weather officials said a re-
connaiSsance plane would fly
into the Southwest Gulf today.
Special reports were requested
from ships in the area.
Forecasters said the wave
was expected to move west
ward at 10 to Is miles an hour
and slowly grow stronger.
Evening star., 1961-08-16

particle measurements and
magnetic field measurements
will be of tremendous value in
advancing our knowledge in the
behavior of the sun and its ef-
fectS upon phenomena here on
the surface of the earth"
During periods of high solar
flare activity, billions of charged
particles lombard the earth,
causing magnetic storms and
upsetting radio and television
communications.
Information radioed from the
windmill payload could help
plot the least hazardous course
for man to take when he rock
cts through the sea of radiation
en- route to the moon or other.
planets.
The launching was the fifth
straight success for the reliable
Thor-Delta. On previous firings.
the three-stage Douglas-built
booster hurled into orbit the
Echo balloon communications
satellites, two Tiros weather.
satellites and Explorer x radi-
alton satellite. It has several.
more space assignments in the
future.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
IzVestiu Hits
AtProtest
On Berlin

MOSCOW, Aug. 16 (AP).-
Izvestia last night rejected
Western protests over the
Communist barricades on the
East-WeSt Berlin city borders
and warned against trying to
interfere.
He who sticks his nose into
the German Democratic Re
public with bad intentions is.
risking having it cut Off" the
government newspaper said.
The warning appeared in an
article entitled The People
Approve, Provocateurs in Hys-
terra" written by the news
papers, diplomatic observer.
The Communist Party news
paper Pravda took a similar
line, saying the barricades were
raised to keep out spies and
provocateurS. . ,-
These measures have pro-
duced a new outburst, of war,
hySteria in the camp of the
opponents of a peace, treaty
with Germany" said the Prav-
da article.
The article in Izvestia said
last Sundays sudden closure
of the Berlin border has
evoked an outburst of hys-
terra" in the West.
Izvestia said that the East
German border closing was not
an Improvisation but had been
a necessary measure, dictated
by life" 1t said the Western
powers had been using Berlin
for subversive attacks on East
Germany and its Socialist
neighbors.
Western protests were ridi-
culed and Western leaders &C
cused of adopting a pose Of
offended innocence" 1t as
serted that the West had
brought the harsh measures on
themselves.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
BUDGET
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
that his physics teacher was
pretty good at throwing an
eraser if pupils were looking at
something they shouldn't be"
When he was a schoolboy, the
Senator remembered, this
teacher broke rulers over the
heads of children.
1--WE paid attention" he
added. I'VE didn't talk back.
And we learned physics"
Admitting he was no educa-
tor, the subcommittee chairman
said he never had seen a pam
cake so thin that it didn't have
two sides.
Two Sides to Problem
Il must agree that there are
two sides to the problem Of
corporal punishment" replied
DR.. Hansen.
Senator Byrd, in a philosoph-
ical aside, said there was a time
when most of the training of
children was done within the
family. Fathers, mothers and
grandparents sat down together
at a table several times daily,
he said, and worshiped and
learned together.
Complications Of the indus
trial revolution and of two
world wars has shifted the bur-
den of training more and more
upon the schools, the Senator
continued. Family conferences
have been abandoned, he said,
and meals have become matters
of warming up the can opener
and spreading peanut butter on
bread"
Il make this long, rather
rambling statement simply to
say I am concerned with the
Evening star., 1961-08-16
CAT THAT FOUND ITS OWNERS
MAY (OR MAY NOT HAVE esp

CAPE TOWN, South Africa. PA Duke Unver-
walked 1870 miles to trace its to their home
is psychic or Just lucky.
j. B. Rhine. director Of Dukes department Of
parapsychology, wrote a university colleague visiting
South Africa for details about the cat that made
the trek from the town of De Aar to its
home in Kimberley
The family, who left the cat behind when they
moved had taken it to Kimberley by twice when
they visited relatives there Other cats have walked
greater distances returning to their old homes but this
cat went to house it had never visited.
Some of engaged in this field" DR.. Rhine wrote
"are seeking to discover whether animals other than
possess such capacities extrasensory perception
found in species . The case Of the
Kimberley cat in point"
Evening star., 1961-08-16

ler, one Of the top Red COM
mentators.
Talk of a West German en-
barge on trade with East Ger
many prompted the East Ger
man government to hurl a
blockade threat and remind Mr..
Adenauer's regime that land
freight and passenger traffic
to West Berlin must cross 110
miles of Red territory.
The East Germans warned
that unilateral cancellation Of
the trade agreement between
the two Germanys would auto
matically void the arrange
ments on goods traffic between
encircled West Berlin and West
Germany.
Neues Deutschland, the organ
Of the East Germany Commu-
mist Party, predicted that the
result Of the new Red reStric-
tionS would be negotiations be-
tween the Western powers and
the East German government
The Western powers have SO
far refused to recognize the
regime.
West Berlin youngsters, held
back by police. from the barbed
wire border with East Berlin,
attacked two Communist Of
fices in West Berlin during the
night.
They broke into party head
quarters in the borough of
Friedenau and damaged some
furniture. In Moabit, they shat
tered the windows of a Red
women's group, set fire to the
curtains and painted "Raus"
(out) in black paint on its sign.
West Germany'S largest
newspaper, the 3.4-million-
circulation Bildzeitung, at
tackled the Allies inaction
under the giant headline "The
West Does Nothing"
I'm Western capitals, one
ccnsults,' said the paper. "One
contemplates. One speculates.
One gets in touch. One pre-
pares steps. One tries to take
a common stand. And in the
meantime our fellow country
men get bloody heads from the
barbed wire of the Commu-
nistS."
Kennedy is silent Mac
milan goes hunting =. and
Adenauer insults Willy
Brandt" said subtitles on the
front page. The latter referred
to Mr.. Adenauer'S reference to
Mayor Brandt in an election
speech Monday night as
"Brandt-alias Frahm."
Mr.. Brandt's parents were
not married and, until the war,
he went under the name Of
Frahm, his mothers family.
Mr.. Adenauer's remark was an
obvious reference to his oppo-
nent's illegitimacy, and Mayor
Brandt, in anger, broke off a
meeting of the Berlin City
Council yesterday when in
formed of the attack.
Evening star., 1961-08-16

laxity Of standards in our
schools" he explained. II fear
there is too much emphasis on
things not fundamental, and
not enough on the real funda-
Misunderstanding, writing and
arithmetic"
Lauds Track" System
He complimented Supt. Han
sen, who also is considered a
fundamentalist by educators,
for his administration, with its
track" system for teaching
children Of varying potentials
and its "Amidon plan" for re-
turning to the teacher the re-
sponsibility for training chill
dren and educating them in
fundamental subjects.
I'VE may disagree in some
areas, Senator Byrd said. But
1 can assure you of my deep
interest and help"
. DR.. Hansen appeared at sub
committee hearings with Board
Of Education President Wesley
s. Williams to defend requests
for restoration of $500,700 for
school operation and $l4 mil
lion for construction. The cuts
are in the House-passed school
budget of $3.50 million for
operations and $7.9 million for
construction.
Funds for elementary and
Junior high school teachers and
for the counselors were stressed
as priority needs by Mr.. Will
liams. DR.. Hansen maintained
that counselors aided teachers
by determining educational po-
tentials of individual pupils.
They helped parents as well
to gain insight into children's
capabilities and set realistic
goals for them.
Mobility" a Factor
The District needs these
services more than many other
areas because Of the "mobil-
ity" of so many children, DR..
Hansen said. He added that
new admissions and dis
charges demanded careful at
tention to pupil records, which
cannot be given with the pres
ent staff.
The hearings continued this
afternoon on recreation, health
and welfare requests.
Senator Byrd expects to con-
front Welfare Director Gerard
Shea with West Virginia's pub
lie assistance commissioner
Bernard Smith. The men re-
portedly have adopted widely
divergent means Of combating
increased welfare loads, with
the District emphasizing main
tenance of unfortunate fami-
lies and West Virginia stressing
forcing families to care for
their own.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
SATELLITE

Continued From First Page
to flow around the earth in
two m a m m o t h doughnut-
shaped bandS-the potentially
dangerous Van Allen belts.
Many earlier satellites charted
magnetic fields and space rad
iation, but Explorer XII is the
first to investigate them Simul-
taneously. NASA explained:
THE combination of charged
Evening star., 1961-08-16
Big Computer GuIps
Fish and Fouls Up

CHICAGO, Aug. 16 (AP).-
Scientists at the Armour Re
search Foundation thought
something was fishy when their
SO million electronic brain went
on the blink today. They were
right.
Their big Univac computer
had swallowed several tiny fish
into its liquid cooling unit. A
spokesman said they came
through the city water system
which is supplied by Lake
Michigan.
1t took workers a half hour
to get things working again.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
AirIiftPossib|e,
Russell Says
By the Associated Press

Senator Russell, Democrat of
Georgia, said today that if the
Communists blockade West
Berlin the United States has
the capability to start an airlift
within "a hours, should such a
move be decided on as a
countermeasure.
But Senator Russell, chair
man of the Armed Services
Committee. made it clear that
he does not believe there will
be a blockade. He gave no
indication as to whether he
thinks the administration might
order an airlift in the event of
a Berlin blockade,
The Communists last night
threatened to blockade Berlin
as they did in 1948-9 if the
Bonn government puts an eco
nomic pinch on East Germany.
But Washington and London
repeatedly oppose any drastic
West German action at this
time-and the government of
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
has said it would act only in
accord with it's allies.
Senator Russell said he would
be very much surprised" if
Soviet Pre- mier Khrushchev
pushes the Berlin crisis to the
point of a blockade. Other
congressional sources have ex-
pressed similar views.
Pentagon spokesmen have
said United States airlift capa-
bility is better now than 1t ever
has been in the past.
Senator Russell told a re-
porter that Moscow apparently
hopes to achieve its ends with
out a war by picking off one by
one the things it wants. He said
he views the current Berlin
crisis as part of this strategy.
Evening star., 1961-08-16
500 Ethnic Groups

LEOPOLDVILLE, The Congo
Among tropical Africa's 167,-
100000 people there are at
least 600 distinct ethnic groups,
each having its own language
or dialect, customs, and moral
standards.
Evening star., 1961-08-16

surprise, requested and received
a half-hour recess to study the
document.
Controversial Sentences
1t had three controversial
sentences which the Cubans
have persistently fought
throughout the conference:
l. That the Alliance for
Progress should take place
within liberty and through
institutions of representative
democracy" Cuba claims to
have popular democracy"
2. That the conference had
been inspired by the Act of
Bogota for social and economic
progress signed last September.
Cuba had rel Ised to sign that
act.
8. That the alliance should
aim to stimulate private ac-
tivity to promote the develop
ment of the countries of Latin
America" Maj. Guevara has
objected that Cuba has no pri-
vate enterprise and will stimu-
late development through pub
lie investment"
But the only formal protest
registered early this morning
outside of certain minor styl-
istic changes, one of which even
the United States smilingly
Supported-came on the last
point regarding private enter
prise.
Intense Bargaining
After Bolivia supported a
proposal similar to Cuba's,
taking out the adjective "pri-
vate," and Chile tried to COM
promise by inserting both ad-
jectives public and private" E"
Mr.. Dillon warned that the
people of the United States
would find the elimination of
private initiative" hard to un-
derstand:
The paragraph was shortly
thereafter adopted in its orig
inal form, 1872. with only Cuba
and Bolivia voting against it.
In reality, the lack of bitter
debate was clearly due to in
tense acknowledgements bar
gaining of the past two dsys,
The original draft, initiated
by Peruvian Premier Pedro
Beltran, contained the phrase
periodic, free, honest elec-
tions" as a further framework
for the Alliance for Progress
Upon Brazilian insistence, this
term was deleted to please the
Cubans.
The Cuban delegation, in
turn, agreed not to make q
long haSsle over the document
in committee debate.
The United States position
in the bargaining followed tht
line held since the beginning
that the conference Is technica
and conomic. The United
States delegates say they hac
strict instructions from Presi-
Evening star., 1961-08-16

Continued From First Page
requested and received
a half-hour recess to study the
document.
Evening star., 1961-08-16

Continued From First Page
ing forward and squirting a
quick blast in their direction.
Evening star., 1961-08-16

80 - "
. +..- t- 80
"a. = - = -
Evening star., 1961-12-12
BY DAISY CLELAND
Star staff Writer

A new book on gardening
is "the fruit of 20 years Of
Illustration" according to its
editor, Herbert Askwith.
The book, THE Complete
Guide to Garden Flowers
An Encyclopedia of Garden
Planning" is now available
on the book shelves after
eight years of work and at
the cost of a quarter of a
million dollars, says the
editor.
Mr.. Askwith maintains that
he never wanted to undertake
this project-"I tried to find
a book for twenty years so
that I wouldn't have to write
it,"
The editor says that over
the years he has collected
at least 80 books on garden
ing but that they just had
information that confused
me-" .-
Purpose of the new book
is to help the layman gar
dener with all his problems
by a simple formal. In speak
ing of his work. Mr.. Askwith
says 1T is shorn of horti-
cultural complexities"
Color PohOtOs
The book lists flowers al
phabetically from "abelia to
zinnia" by using their COM
mon names although the Lat
in ones are also given.
Mr.. Askwith says that "ev-
Evening star., 1961-12-12
20 Years Went Into his Book

to be Just a layman. he has
had an advisory board Of
horticultural experts check
every line In the book and
pass on 1t.
He says that when he
started on the project he re-
tanned a trained woman hor-
ticultural writer and trained
her to write in simple Ian
guage." He adds that he con-
trolled "the size of the vol
ume so that 1t is easy to ham
die and made sure the writing
was simple and compact"
Flowers that are rare vari-
eties or that are extremely
hard to grow have not been
listed In the book. Growing
conditions are also listed TO
all parts Of the country so
that the book is just as use
full here as it is in California.
Mr.. Askwith doesn't feel
that the book is all complete
in that one gardener may
find that lone flower is just
his dish and then he should
get a book that goes into that
single flower thoroughly"
There are many books that
deal just with one plant.
In addition to the flower
descriptions the book con-
tains Is articles such as An
nuals," Birds in the Gar
den," "Children's Gardens" 3"
Planning Before Planting"
etc. There is also a glossary
of horticultural terms.
Evening star., 1961-12-12

MY only interest is for the
ordinary garden lover--an-
swering the questions that
took me 20 years to find--I
don't care why some one
went to China SO years look
ing for some strange plant" I"
adds Mr.. Askwith with a
smile.
Evening star., 1961-12-12

cry available and desirable
flower. ornamental trees and
Towering shrub land varie-
ties OF are In the book with
a simple description of what
1t will do and what 1t will
look like, plus a color photo
graph" He adds, this is
the only book that I know Of
or can find that has color
photos Of them ALL could
never see how you could do
justice to q flower in just a
black and white photo"
The editor laughs as he
points out the virtue of US
ing common names Of flow
erS.
Imagine" he says, read
ing all about myostois, page
after page and never find
ing out that 1t is just a SIM
pie forget-me-not."
Mr.. Askwith. a writer, edi-
tor and public relations man
lives in a suburban home in
Westchester County, N. Y.
This is the fourth house he
has moved into in the last 20
years, and each of his gar
dens have presented new
problems.
Simple Language
Thus his self of garden
ing books grew but not his
knowledge - they were all
experts that wrote the books
and I couldn't understand
them," he says.
Although the editor claims
Evening star., 1961-12-12

Rosen are in town while he
is planning direction Of the
first three Of the forthcom-
ing plays for Washington's
second professional theater
in the round.
Evening star., 1961-12-12
Tea Held

The Washington Theater
Club honored Director Sam
Rosen at a tea held over
the weekend. Mr.. and Mrs.
Evening star., 1961-12-12
ADVERTISEMENT A

KS hidden weakness
Khrushchevis strong, says Stewart
Aisop. But he has one great weak
ness. And he knows it. In this weeks
Saturday Evening Post, you'll read
why the satellite nations are giving
Kren1hn big shots the filters.
SPECIAL. 1862 CALENDAR PAGES
Se% "ss: % % 's'S' ssis' POST " :;'iii'
Evening star., 1961-11-12

in the Army only seven hours
when they lost their lives.
In Washington. the CAB dis
closed it had started an investi-
cation of Imperial Airlines a
few hours before the crash
Wednesday. A board spokesman
said the probe Of Imperial got
under way Wednesday as part
Of a three-pronged study of the
Nations nonscheduled airlines
which had been going on about
a month.
The Army has returned to
its original policy of ferrying
recruits in commercial planes,
including "non-skeds."
After the Richmond crash,
the First and Second Armies.
which cover is States in the
eastern half of the United
States, put restrictions on such
flights.
The restriction was to be in
force pending the outcome of
the Federal inquiry into the
crash.
But late Friday the Depart
ment of the Army ordered that
the original policy on recruit
transportation be followed. This
permits local recruiting COM
manders to determine the trans
portation to be used-bus, train
or plane.
Evening star., 1961-11-12
Unaware of Change

Spokesman for the Air Trans
port Association, which repre-
sents the major carriers, and
the Independent Airlines Asso-
citation. which speaks for the
non-scheduled lines, said they
were unaware of the change
and had exerted no pressure,
directly or indirectly, for it.
When the original change
went into effect, representatives
of both groups protested that
1t was unfair. saying the dis
elimination against all airlineS
was the result of an accident
on one line.
An Army official, who de-
clined to be quoted by name,
told The Star when the ban was
first ordered: "At this time,
with the strong, personal pub
lie feeling, we go along with
this public feeling"
Evening star., 1961-11-12
CENTO Launches
4th Seq Exercise

KARACHI. Pakistan, Nov. IL
(AP).-The Central Treaty Or
ganization launched its fourth
sea defense exercise today.
The United States, not a full
member, contributed two
United States destroyers, Brit
ain two frigates and a subma-
rine. Iran two mine sweepers
and Pakistan five destroyers
and two mine sweepers. Turkey
is the fourth member of the
defensive alliance in the Mid
die East.
Evening star., 1961-11-12

branch will have another rs
congregations by 1868. or more
than TOO as compared with the
present record high of $50.
This should be made posi-
Evening star., 1961-11-12

faster in the last two years
than at any time in its Ss-year
history.
Emil N. Baar. chairman of
the UAHC's board of trustees
and a former New York State
Supreme Court justice, report
ed that the union had assem-
bled, organized and admitted
SO congregations since its last
convention.
He estimated the Reform
Evening star., 1961-11-12

shaping of basis tenets to meet
changing times.
Yesterdays sessions opened
a six-day convention. The
growth report was given after
a day devoted to Sabbath wor-
ship and study meetings.
Evening star., 1961-11-12

congregational body Of Reform
Judaism in the United States
and Canada. There are three
branches Of Judaism-Ortho-
dox. Conservative and Reform.
Reform congregations favor re-
Evening star., 1961-11-12

'ble," he said. 'fby the continu-
ing appeal Of our liberal inter-
probation Of Judaism and the
mounting success of our an
nual Embarrassing campaign.
The UAHC is the central
Evening star., 1961-11-12
Reform Judaism
Growth Reported
Setting Record
BY the Associated Press

The General Assembly of the
Union Of American Hebrew
Congregations was told last
night that the Reform branch
of Judaism has been growing
Evening star., 1961-11-12
"a Victims Identified
EAmong II Plane Dead

RICHMOND. Va, Nov. IL (AP).-Medical examiners
peted positive Identification today of "a of the n who
died Wednesday night when Imperial Ane Constellation
crashed and burned near here
At the time Civil Aeronautics Board inspectors pre-
pared TO the planes four engines to Washngo where