davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-24

assumed name and believes his
landlord is not aware of his iden-
tity.
It is his own idea, however, TO
keep secret his address and his
place Of employment and to avoid
striking up acquaintance with
persons unknown to his relatively
small circle of friends at the Es-
tonian House, social and cul-
tural club for Estonian-Americans.
Jaanimets works as machin-
ist (the craft he learned in an
Estonian trade SCHOOL, at a small
manufacturing plant headed by
one of the more than 200 persons
who offered him a job.
Hos Hod Two Roises
He started at $50 a week, has
had two $40 raises since. and re-
CARDS himself "a wealthy man"
Last month he bought a car and
now is taking driving lessons.
I'm the Soviet Union it would
take five to seven years to get a
car after you applied" he said.
Il am amazed that all you have
to do here is walk in and buy one.
Also, there it would take many
years salary.
LAS for having my own ROOM"
Evening star., 1961-09-24
BY JULES LOH
AssociSted Press staff Writer

NEW YORK. - Each evening
after work Viktor Jaanimets goes
through approximately the same
routine. Many would consider it
inordinately dull.
He enters his $17-a-week Sec
ond-story walkup with his own
door key, makes a couple of cold
meat sandwiches, gets beer from
the refrigerator, flicks on his small
radio and sits down at the slight
ly wobbly kitchen table.
If the night is warm he might
take in a picture show. 1t doesn't
matter much what's playing; it's
air conditioned, and Jaanimets
hasn't got good hold on the Ian
guage anyway. Sometimes he
stretches out on the bed, opens his
bilingual dictionary. and tries to
snatch from the radio announcer's
rapid spiel some of the words he's
struggling to master.
To Jaanimets, handsome, blond,
30-year- bachelor, this SEEM
ingly lackluster routine is pure
contentment-well worth the risk
of a mans life.
Not for a moment, he says, has
he regretted his daring feat of a
year ago October 10. That was the
day he ditched his Shipmates from
Soviet Premier Khrushchev's
yacht. the Baltika, and made it to
safety after a frantic search for
someone who could understand
his tongue.
Now Seeks Anonymity
Speaking through interpreter
John Jaan Tiivel, secretary gen.
eral of the Estonian national COM
mittee, Jaanimets said he's glad
the hustle and hustle of his first
months in the United States is
over and at last he can lose him.
self in the anonymity of New
York's millions.
To the countless requests for
Jaanimets' presence at meetings
of patriotic organizations, for
speeches, for interviews. the for
mer seaman asks Tiivel to tell
them, politely, no."
The possibility of being kid
naped by Soviet agents, sounds
dramatic, but according to Tiivel
and others who work closely with
defectors the eventuality is not
far fetched-especially as regards
someone with the propaganda
value of Jaanimets, a member of
Khrushchev's hand-picked crew.
Jaanimets, smiling, says Il can
take care of myself" Looking at
him you get the impression that
he can, at least physically. He is
a 1.-the and leathery ITS pounds,
stands 5-feet-10.
On the advice Of others, he
rented his apartment under an
Evening star., 1961-09-24

That question whether our
Government is organized to meet
successfully the challenge of the
cold war-became the central
theme of the investigation.
Hundreds interviewed
In their search for answers,
the subcommittee staff spent six
months in 1859 interviewing hun
dreds Of men who had served or
were serving on presidential
staffS, in executive office
agencies or in the top ranks of
Defense and State Departments.
Promised anonymity, these men
responded with the most candid
analysis ever assembled of the
functioning of American govern
mentS in the period of the cold
war. Last year and this, some Of
them discussed their conclusions
in public hearings of the subcom-
mittee.
The records of those hearings
have become the basic textbooks
for new courses in public admins
tration and political science in
more than score Of colleges.
But many other congressional
hearings have become campus
best sellers without having much
practical effect. That this in
vestigation succeeded in the lat
ter respect seems to have been due
to three things.
First was the insistence by all
concerned that its work be han
died on a rigidly nonpartissn
basis. This was a lofty ideal for
any election-year probe by a COM
mittee of a Democratic Congress
involving the quality of decision
making in Republican admins
tration, and it seemed certain to
be lost when Senator Jackson ac-
cepted John Kennedy's request to
head the Democratic National
Committee during the campaign.
Clear Presentation
But the Senator protected the
integrity of the investigation by
ordering the staff to draw up its
findings for quick presentation to
the President-elect, be he Demo-
crat or Republican, but to publish
none of its recommendations be-
fore election day. The first re-
port, summarizing the major pro-
posals for overhaul of the execu-
tive branch, appeared on Novem-
ber l6. eight days after the elec-
ton.
The second reason for the sue
cess was the determination to
Evening star., 1961-09-24
THE NATIONAL SCENE

of this kind to protect fully the
innocent.
Among the principal matters
the subcommittee is likely to focus
on are these:
The Walker case. According to
the Army investigation, there is
ample cause to have removed the
general from his command. But
there is a serious question of
Pentagon procedure in Cd sacking
him before the investigation really
got under way and 90 releasing
to the press portions Of the con-
fidential inspector generals re-
port on General Walker.
(According to a dispatch to the
New York Times on Thursday
from its military writer, Hanson
w Baldwin, the Army in Europe
is deeply disturbed" by the Walker
case. Officers Of all ranks. par
ticularly the senior ones, deplore
the manner in which the case was
handled and feel that some fun
damental elements of military
justice and fair play were vio-
lated" Mr.. Baldwin,
. The attitude OF certain high
ranking Pentagon civilian Off
cials toward anti Communist in
doctrination. One of these men,
apparently Scoffing at the need
for such a program. told Senator
Thurmond: "Oh, Senator, every
body knows who the enemy isl"
. The showing of the film "Op-
Grafton Abolition" by military
units. Mr.. Mcnamara ruled that
it should not be part of the train
ing program, but that it was to be
available on an Ion call" basis.
Evening star., 1961-09-24
BY ]. w. DAVIS
Associated Press staff Writer

1t. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, who
has directed the military draft Of
nearly 13 million young Americans
in the last 81 years, believes in
the austere life.
He thinks it would be good for.
America, as it has been for him,
and for this reason:
Every country in history that
got to living pretty well had a
hell of time staying alive"
Gen. Hershey is very much alive
at the age of 68. He out-travels
any other man in the selective
service system in carrying out his
duties as draft director, and he
outworkS men decades younger
than he.
Gen. Hershey is at his office
never any later than $50 in the
morning. No two-hour. two-mar-
TIM lunch for him. He prefers to
eat. and lightly, in the little snack
room in the basement, after
standing in line with everybody
else.
He doesn't smoke at all. He's no
teetotaler, but at cocktail parties,
he'll carry around one lone cock
tail that he never finishes. 1t
keeps others from being pressed
on him.
A Motive Of lndiono
Week ends that he's in town, he
does yard work. He does dishes,
too, and is not above turning
hand to the laundry.
But about half the time, Gen.
Hershey is on the road, travelling
from State to State and seeing
everybody from Governors down
in an unrelenting drive to keep
selective service going the way he
thinks it should.
Evening star., 1961-09-24
UnenyidbIe Job

Senator Stennis, Democrat of
Mississippi, the soft-spoken, fair
minded chairman of the subcom-
mittee charged with the study,
has an unenviable job.
He has promised a semi ju-
dicial inquiry" He and his fellow
subcommittee members will have
to make good on this pledge, be-
cause it is particularly difficult
in an emotion-charged controversy
Evening star., 1961-09-24
Hershey: Drafts No. | Veteran

Gen. Hershey was born on a
backwoods country farm in In
diana and went to a one-room
school called Hell's Point. His
mother died before he was 7.
BY choice, he's spent half a CEN
tury in military service, which
most people will concede is not all
beer and skittles.
So he qualities as a man who
practices what he breaches when
he calls for the austere life.
He's also a man who looks with
comparative calm on the Berlin
crisis.
Berlin? OF course I'm alarmed,
but not any more than I was a
year ago or two years ago." he
told an interviewer.
There's no question about the
Communists creating a danger.
The greater danger, though, will
come if we are too lazy or too i'm
mobilized to get into position to
meet it.
I'VE need to be in condition,
like a boxer. Not in condition, it
would be a case of they trip us
and we fall down. I'm not pesSi-
mistic. Still, we need to convince
them it'd be so costly they can't
afford it,"
Talking in his flag-bedecked
office, the general made plain
that he thinks the Selective Serv-
ice System he has headed since
before World War II is in a pretty
good position to give Moscow some
second thoughts.
MY aim," he said, has been
to keep the Selective Service Sys-
tenn in shape so they possible
aggresSors) could reasonably as
sumo: Here is something that has
Evening star., 1961-09-24

military adviser, and the Air
Force.
True functional commands
could lead to a downgrading of
the congressionally approved uni
fled command system, the parcel
ing out of Navy and Marine lin
tied war forces and to the assign
ment of PolariS missile submarines
to an overall Strategic Command.
Ironically, the administrators
new organizational move, which
underlines its belief that limited
war readiness has too long been
downgraded, was followed by a
fresh assault by massive retalia-
ton" enthusiasts.
Evening star., 1961-09-24
The Capacity

Mrs. Smith, who rarely speaks
on the Senate floor, asserted to
her colleagues that the admins
tration practically has told" Mr..
Khrushchev that I'VE do not have
the will to use that one power
with which, we can stop him"
Then, in typical Pentagonese, she
added:
I'm short, we have the nuclear
capability, but not the nuclear
credibility."
The President time and again
has stressed publicly that the
United States will use whatever
weapons are necessary to defend
Evening star., 1961-09-24

the capacity to mobilize the people
at a terrific rate, and we'd better
think it over
IF we hadn't made plans, I
wonder where in hell we would
have been."
AS Gen. Hershey sees it. there's
no pressing need for change in
the way selective service has been
proceeding, in either the order of
inductions or the grounds for de-
ferment.
President Kennedy, in his July
IS defense build-up speech, said
the draft calls would be doubled
and tripled. From pre-crisis calls
of 5000 a month, the figure for
September jumped to $4,000, high
est since the Korean war.
General Hershey and his aides
point out they had already moved
to increase the pool of men
quickly available for drafting to
100000, from 10000. Also, they
note, there is big pool of men
about is million-who are regis
tered la but not examined. About
half of these may be expected to
be found physically and mentally
acceptable.
The la group is made up
largely of men % to %. Many
younger men have not been claSSi-
fled, merely registered.
The Service Coils
If Ia group should be ex-
hausted, selective service could
turn to fathers 1926, but there
are not many of them, relatively
speaking. After that would come
men over 26 who have been given
an extended draft liability because
of deferments granted.
Finally, the draft could turn to
Evening star., 1961-09-24
A QUIZ THAT WORKED
OverhouIing Policy Machinery

present the results of the inquiry
as clearly and succinctly as pos
sible. With its files bulging with
weighty testimony on fascinating
and far-reaching questions, the
staff could easily have been for
given If it had turned out series
of long reports, displaying its wis
dom in leiSurely fashion.
Instead, it wrote only five re-
ports, the longest of them 10
pages. 1t took a dozen rewritings
to bring them down to that length,
but the effort shows in the quality
of what remains. For economy
of expression, simplicity Of state-
ment and forthrightneSS, these
reports can serve as models to
writers of most Federal prose.
For example, the first report
dealt in just three sentences with
the multitude of arguments for
putting in the White House a
First Secretary, or executive Vice
President "as a mediator and
Judge of the conflicting national
security policies advocated by the
major departments. the Congress
and its committees and private
groups" It said:
I'm the American system only
one official has the constitutional
and political power required to
assume that role and to maintain
it. That official is the President
of the United States. He cannot
be relieved of his burdens by sup
plying him with a deputy to do
what only he can do"
Reed by President
The third reason for the re-
markable impact of this particu-
lar investigation is that, as one
staff member put it. Mr.. Kennedy
and his advisers lust seemed to
like our style of looking at
things"
The President-elect read the
Subcommittee's summary report
with great interest and prodded
the staff to speed its follow-up
suggestions on the reform Of the
National Security Council. The
first copies of that report were
flown to him in Palm Beach. AS
already noted. he followed the
subcommittee lead in many of
the changes he made in the setup
of the White House staff and the
executive office.
The subcommittee's recommen-
dations all stem from a few gen.
eral precepts. Foremost among
them are a suspicion of admins
trative gimmicks, like super-sec-
retaries or cold war strategy
boards, that clog the established
line of authority from the Presi-
dent to the department heads;
deep disbelief in the efficacy of
committees as decision-making or
co-ordinating devices; a reaffir-
nation of the Secretary of States
right and responsibility to be the
Presidents chief adviser on ma
tional security; an inSiStence that
military planning can and must be
made consonant with the Nations
foreign policy and that budget
making is an exercise In presi-
dental policy, not just device for
saving money; and finally, a re-
minder that no government is
better than the men it can de-
velop through career service or
attract from outside occupations.
In advancing these principles
and programs for carrying them
out, the Senate Subcommittee on
National Policy Machinery has
won little publicity but it has
proved, once again, that congress
Sional investigations can yield
something more than headlines. /.
Evening star., 1961-09-24
BY DAVID S. BRODER
Star staff Writer

This is story about an oddity:
A congressional investigation that
has been both inconspicuouS and
influential.
Unlike the Capitol Hill extrava-
ganzas that come readily to mind.
this probe produced no Kleig-
lighted dramas Of arrogant vii
lains cringing under an investi-
eating Senator's righteous wrath.
1t brought forth no stormy dis
putes between Democrats and Re-
publicans. Its chairman was not
once accused Of trampling on the
rights of witnesses or leaking
confidential documents to the
press. He did not use the investi-
cation to build political career
or even a little bureaucratic en-
pire Of his own. The staff of the
investigation never outgrew q
single room.
AS for that staff, it was so lack
ing in the common, instinct for
self-aggrandizement that it ar
ranged no junketS whatsoever and
contrived to spend less than $780,
600 of the $260,000 it was given.
All this little investigation did
was to provoke minor revolu-
ton in the way the Government of
the United States makes its most
important decisions.
Impoet Of Changes
The changes in the organization
of the upper reaches of the ex-
ecutive branch that have resulted
from the recommendations of the
Subcommittee on National Policy
Machinery Of the Senate Govern
ment Operations Committee have
had and will continue to have a
major impact on the course of
American affairs.
Among them: The abolition of
the post of the assistant to the
President; the Transformation of
the National Security Council
from a kind of supercabinet with
a large bureaucracy of its own
into a personal advisory board to
the President; the demise of liter
ally hundreds of inter and intra-
departmental committees; the re-
organization Of the State Depart
ment and the moves to achieve
improved coordination between
State and Defense: the reincarna-
ton Of the Budget Bureau as a
prime management tool of the
President; and the start of a
long-overdue reform Of the con-
flict-of-interest laws.
None of these changes was
wrought directly by the subcom-
mittee, of which the chairman
was Senator Henry M. Jackson
of Washington, or it's staff, whose
key members were J. K. Mans
field. Dorothy Fosdick and Robert
w. Tufts.
Their contribution was to think
, through the problems and come
up with recommendations that
proved persuasive to the new
President.
The project had its origin in
1858, when Senator jackson was
preparing his annual speech to
the National War College.
1T occurred to me-" he recalled
last week, that the men in that
college and those of us who went
down there to speak all were con-
vinced they knew the answers to
our national problems. There was
no shortage Of men with ideas.
So I asked in my speech if there
might not be something wrong
with our decision making process
that kept good ideas from reach
ing the top"
Evening star., 1961-09-24

our rights, in Europe or elsewhere.
Perhaps he had better have
another koffee klatch at the White
House and invite Gen. LeMay
and Mrs. Smith.
Evening star., 1961-09-24

young men 18l2-19-the law won't
allow taking any under 10 until
other eligibles have been called.
A visitor to selective service
headquarters. would find it one of
the quieter places in town. Sure,
there's been a furry since Soviet
Premier Khrushchev started talk
ing tough again about Berlin. Gen.
Hershey's aides report, but they
don't seem any more excited than
their boss.
Gen. Hershey does get exercised
in talking about the long-range
danger of soft living.
We've had too many inner
spring mattresses, not enough
beds of straw. We used to sleep
on straw-it was all we had. The
hardest damn thing in the world
is to walk when you have an auto
mobile.
Its always bad when two civil
izations get to scrapping, one rich
and resting easy and the other
hungry. It's something like a
fight between two girls, one in
rags and the other all dressed up.
The raggedy girl has nothing to
lose, and the other one has got
to be careful. she's so easy to muss
up"
Evening star., 1961-09-24
Wants Universal Troinine

Gen. Hershey Is unhappy that
America has not adopted universal
military training, which he's been
advocating for years.
There are nine million boys
1926" he said. "Of them 3.6 mil
lion are in service or have had
training: 5.4 million of them have
never had any training.
81 wish the figures we're re-
versed."
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-07-14
Southsidc Hospital
PATIENT LIST

There were sc hospital patients
Thursday morning 60 adults
and eight babies.
Patients Admitted
David Gillian. Pamplin; j.
Barrye Wall, Farmville: Mrs. j..
R. Hackney, Farmville. E. A.
Thomas. Crewe: Mrs. Murlie
Butler. CreWe: Mrs. j. S. Locke.
brakes Branch; T. l.. Ragland,
Farmville; Mrs. A. w. Thomp-
son. Keysville: Mrs. Flavious
Priddy. Meherrin: Miss Lora
Shelton. Prospect; Mrs. John
Price. Batavia, N. Y, Campbell
Hundley. F'armville.
Also. Mrs. B. A. Owen. Vic
toria, Mrs. Leroy Foster. Wyl-
liesburg: Mrs. w. H. Rowe, Cum
berland; Larry Mays, Farmville.
E. R. Womack, Crewe; w, S.
Cheatham. Green Bay; Mrs.
Grace Jackson. brakes Branch;
Mrs. c. B. Morris, Burkeville;
Mrs. E. S. Hardy. Farmville;
Mrs. j. H. Van Hoy, Crewe: Mrs.
w. R. Coleman. Crewe, and A. E.
Lamberth, Cullen.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-07-14
MilnWood Club
Learns Score On
Outdoor Cooking

Mrs. V. v. Gordon was hostess
TO the WILDWOOD Home Demon
Stratlon Club. Tuesday.
Miss Janet Cameron, of VPI,
gave a demonstration on outdoor
cooking and talk on low calorie
foods. Each member prepared
her own luncheon from trays of
chicken. beef, vegetables, rice,
etc. All adjourned to the patio,
where each member rilled the
combination of foods selected.
Since this was a leader train
ing meeting, various other clubs
were invited. The Happy Home
Club was represented by leaders,
Mrs. Fred Lynn, Mrs. Elizabeth
BoWles and Mrs. Elizabeth Blair.
The Social Hour Club was repre-
sented by Mrs. w. Hamilton,
Mrs. Monroe Foster and Mrs.
Nelson Garnett.
Also. Mrs. John Howard. of the
Abilene Club, and Mrs. r. B.
Bernard and Mrs. Fred Herzig,
OF Meherrin, were present.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-07-14
Chamber Guest
Continued from page u

to give one night a week to
special study classes in subjects
related to his craft. Time and
effort are the trainee's principal
cost" Bray said.
The Division provides an in
structor-coordinator for group
study classes at Farmville. This
year the instructor is meeting
with the group Wednesday nights
at Longw wood College. The
trainee is required to furnish his
own textbooks. which range in
total for most trades from SIT
to S45. There is no tuition
charge. the instruction being pro-
vided free, Bray said.
The Virginia apprentice train
ing program covers about IS
separate trades and courses.
The length of Training runs
from Two 10 SIX years depending
on the completely of the skills.
Officers Thanked
The Chamber members gave
E. L. Quisenberry, Farmville
town manager and Chamber
vice president, a rousing round
of applause after John D. Will
son. president, reminded mem
bers this would be the mana
gers final meeting before he
leaves for new work at Bristol,
Va. July 81, He was thanked
for his efforts within the Cham
Der and for his capable dis
charge of duties as town mana
ger.
The members also welcomed
Winston Z. Johnston as the new
Chamber secretary, replacing
J. B. fowler. The members also
expressed appreciation for Tow
ler's past services.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-07-14

Births

Births
Mr.. and Mrs. Morgan Chewn.
ing. Chase City. girl, July 10.
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. j. Sutphin
CreWe. girl. July Il.
Mr.. and Mrs. F.. w. Hastings
Amelia. girl. July Il.
Colorcd Patients
Rodney Reynolds. Grove, Gret-
ma Randall, Farmville. and vii.
liam G. Thompson. Rice.
CoIored Birth
James and Mildred Callahan,
Victoria. girl. July IL.
Discharges
July 10 - Annie Owens. Mrs
j. w. Daniel. Jr.. Fannie Gil
liam, Miss Patricia Bailey, and
Mrs. j. A Campbell. Jr.
July II Mrs. Arthur New
comb, Mrs. E. l.. Myers, K. w
Woodson. Willie Oertel. David
Gillian, and Margaret Branch.
July 70 - E. A. Thomas, Ken.
meth Womack, Mrs. w. j. Par.
ham. and Mrs. John Price.