davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-09
Youth jailed as Spy
Visited by U. S. Aide

j MOSCOW, Sept. 9 (AP'. -
A United States Embassy of
ticial was allowed to visit Will
liam M akinen, 22-year-old
American student serving eight
years in a Soviet prison on
charges of spying.
Joseph B. Norbury, jr., Sec
ond secretary at the embassy,
returned to Moscow today after
spending 112 hours with Mr..
Makinen in his Jail cell in Kiev
yesterday but declined to give
out any details of his visit.
A spokesman said the details
would be released by the State
Department in Washington.
The visit was unique in that
the SovietS have rarely per-
mitted embassy officials to visit
A orleans imprisoned in
Russia, although such a right is
provided for by treaty.
Jailed U-2 Pilot Francis Gary
Powers was visited by his fam
lily and lawyers but no one from
The Embassy.
Mr.. Makinen, a native of
ChaSSell, Mich. was convicted
by a Soviet military court on
Tuesday on charges of espion-
age during a tourist visit to
Russia. The prosecution
claimed he confessed.
When Mr.. Makinen'S convic-
ton was announced, the State
Department protested and de-
MED he was a United States
spy.
Mr.. Makinen, a graduate of
Evening star., 1961-09-09

the University of Pennsylvania
in 1860 was granted a Full
bright scholarship to study in
Germany. He is fluent in nine
languages.
He disappeared while on a
tour of the Soviet Union. The
Russians later disclosed he had
been seized on July 81. The
government newspaper Izvestia
said Russian intelligence agents
seized Mr.. Makinen as he tried
to photograph military object.
The Russians said six years
of his eight-year sentence were
to be served in a labor camp,
and the remaining two in an
ordinary prison.
Evening star., 1961-09-09
BY PRESTON GROVER
Associated Press Writer

MOSCOW, Sept. 9 Two
days of talks between Premier
Khrushchev and Prime Min
lister Nehru of India appear
to have brought the world no
nearer to peace. Mr.. Nehru left
for home today with little sue
cess to show in his role as East
West mediator.
The tough Communist and
the elegant, erudite Indian
seemed to be working in two
different worlds.
On the eve of Mr.. Nehru's
visit, the Soviet Union exploded
its fourth nuclear weapon in
the current series. AS the talks
proceeded, an interview with
Mr.. Khrushchev was published
in the United States quoting
him as threatening to make
even bigger bombs so he can
frighten other nations out of
making war.
Khrushchev Adamant
Mr.. Nehru held to his position
that nuclear testing should stop
and that East and West should
try to negotiate a settlement
satisfactory to both sides.
But Mr.. Khrushchev re-
manned determined to bring
about a settlement in Germany.
Mr.. Nehru apparently pro-
posed a middle way, as he had
in recent foreign policy speeches
to the Indian Parliament. There
was no assurance that any of
his proposals would have been
more welcome in Washington
than in Moscow.
Mr.. Nehru's appeal was
simple:
I'VE plead with these great
powers who have the key to
war and peace, among whom
the Soviet Union is today out
standing, to remove this dread
full prospect of war and lead
the world to peace"
Mr.. Khrushchev's answer
Evening star., 1961-09-09

Yesterday, Mr.. Lefkowitz
called on the State Investiga-
ton Commission to make public
any information it might have
on Mayor .Wagner's official
conduct while in office.
Mr.. Lefkowitz' call was
prompted by a statement made
last Tuesday by Mr.. De Sapio
that the commission had in
formation which would prove
Wagner legally, morally
and politically ineligible for
any public office"
Mr.. Lefkowitz also called on
Mayor Wagner to debate him
on any campaign issues.
Evening star., 1961-09-09

was to explain why the Rus
slams resumed nuclear tests:
1T is precisely because of our
concern for the preservation
OF peace on earth, for the life
of whole countries and people,
that we had to take the neces-
Sary measures that would bring
the aggressive forces to their
senses so that they realized
they would not achieve their
aim by way of war"
Sees Nehru Off
Mr.. Khrushchev needed the
appeal delivered by Mr.. Nehru
from the nonaligned nations
conference in Belgrade and
said he would be glad to confer
with President Kennedy. But
the Soviet Premier insisted
that a German peace treaty
must be the major point of
discussion. He coupled it with
a warning that, if he did not
get agreement of the Western
nations, he would sign one
with East Germany and at
tempt to turn over control of
the access to West Berlin to
the Communist East German
regime.
To Mr.. Nehru, this appeared
discouraging.
Mr.. Khrushchev saw Nehru
off at the airport this morning
and expressed qualification at
the frank exchange of opinion
which has taken place between
US Cand) has shown that a
common point of view exists
between the Soviet Union and
India regarding many ques-
tionS of the present day"
Evening star., 1961-09-09

he would defeat Mayor Robert
F.. Wagner in the November 7
mayoral election.
Mayor Wagner, seeking a
third successive four-year term,
won the Democratic nomination
for mayor in the primary by de-
feating organization backed
Arthur Levitt, the State comp
troller.
The mayors campaign
against what he called organi-
zation "boSSism" led a whole
slate of anti-organization can
didates to victory. Even Carmine
G. De Sapio, leader of Tam
many Hall, was a loSer-ro Har-
vard-educated lawyer James S.
Lanigan for the district leader
ship post in Greenwich Village.
Mr.. Lefkowitz, who won the
COP nomination without a
primary fight, predicted victory
in remarks prepared for deliv-
cry at a kickoff rally sponsored
by the Young Republican Clubs
of Brookland.
1--WE are going to win it on
Bumbling Bob's record" Mr..
Lefkowitz said in laying down
his own campaign platform.
A main point of the platform,
which covered a whole range
of civic reforms, called for
restoration of the city's fiscal
integrity.
Calling this "the toughest
problem the city faces" Mr..
Lefkowitz said New York has 4
per cent of the Nations popu-
lation and 9 per cent of its
mUniciDal indebtedness
Evening star., 1961-09-09
Gordon Confirmed

The Senate confirmed By voice
vote yesterday President Ken
nedy'S nomination of Lincoln
Gordon as Ambassador to Bra
al. Mr.. Gordon is a Harvard
professor and long a student of
Latin American affairs.
Evening star., 1961-09-09
Nehru Quits Moscow
With Little to Show

Preston Grover, veteron Associated
Press foreign correspondent who is
chief Of bureau in Moscow and for
merly served in Indio, kept close
wotch on Prime Minister Nehru's
mission TO Moscow. He finds the
outlook not encouraging in onoIyz-
ing the potentioI effect Of the In
dion Ieoder's toIks with Soviet
Premier Khrushchev.
Evening star., 1961-09-09
Lefkowitz Hits Wooner
Open 6. O. P. Drive

NEW YORK Sept. (AP)-State Attorney General Louis
ekowtz declared today that Democrats EXCHANGED
symbol of bosssm for more ebarrass
ing symbol OF incompetence" in Thursdays primary
Formally opening what called the ctys real campaign
for the future Mr. Lefkowz Republican candidate predicted
Evening star., 1961-07-28
Church Charged
In Hymn Suit

DES MONIES. Iowa, July %
(AP).-Trial of a copyright in
fringement suit over the use
of a religious hymn by the
First Methodist Church of
Clarinda, Iowa, and the
Clarinda School District was
under way in United States
District Court today.
The suit was filed by Aus
iris A. Wihtol of the firm of
Kalmin, Mohr, Apsit and
Wihtol, and by Austris Wihtol
and ELY L. Wihtol as owners
of the Kama Co. of Glendale,
Calf.
Mr.. Wihtol, in his petition,
said he published the hymn
MY God and l." on August
IS, 1885. and registered it with
the United States Copyright
Office. He said he published
an extended version on March
/, 1914.
The suit contends the church
and school district copied the
hymn in such a way as to con.
stitute an infringement o.
copyright.
The Wihtols ask that the de-
PENDANTS be enjoined from in
fringing on the copyright. The!
also ask for profits made from
the hymn.
Evening star., 1961-07-28

WI H~VH-@@@1 p WIT rs V0N1s
home town on "Elvis Stair Day,
said at Camp Breckenridge
last night:
I'VE all must be stronger
more effective and more COM
bat-ready than ever before.
I'VE intend-and we are in
dead earnest about this-to
bring as many National Guard
Evening star., 1961-07-28

a Governors day parade Of
Kentucky National Guardsmen.
He did not deliver the speech
because of a change in plans
and threatening weather.
Mr.. Stahr mentioned no
numbers in talking of beefing
up the guard, which now is
authorized by Congress to have
400, 900 men. But he said the
program calls for some units
to be brought to full strength
and to be ready to go in three
to five weeks should they be
called to active duty. Other
units will have to wait up to
three months.
"The program will require
gradual increases over the next
three years." Mr.. Stair added.
Evening star., 1961-07-28
National Guard Bureau
Denies RocioI Bios

Haygood had made a remark
about being a white meat
Methodist" Col. TerriIl said
the major meant a person was
rich, and could afford to in
vite the preacher home after
services for white-meat chicken,
and not settle for dumplingS
and dark-meat rooster"
Evening star., 1961-07-28
New Cruise Set
To Marshall Hall

A new cruise service out
of Alexandria to Marshall Hall
will be initiated this week end
by the Wilson Line.
The yacht Dolly Madison will
leave from Pier C at the Old
Town Yacht Basin on South
Union street twice a day, each
Saturday and Sunday, begin
ming tomorrow.
The morning cruise will leave
Alexandria at 10 am. and re-
turn at 1870 pm. The after
noon cruise will sail at 2 pm.
and return to Alexandria at
s pm.
Evening star., 1961-07-28

1T is not something we can do
overnight"
The Secretary and Governor
Bert Combs were honored
guests last night at a parade
Of more than 1000 Kentucky
Guardsmen who are taking
their two weeks summer train
ing at Camp Breckinridge.
Evening star., 1961-07-28
DAV Group States
Picnic Tomorrow

A family picnic and outing is
scheduled from l to 4:30 pm.
tomorrow at the Izaak Walton
League Park near Centreville
by the third district disabled
American Veterans of Virginia
To reach the park follow
Evening star., 1961-07-28

units as possible to a point
where they are ready to be
mobilized and deployed on a
time schedule geared closely to
that of the active forces"
Secretary Stair made the re-
marks in an interview and in a
speech prepared for delivery at
Evening star., 1961-07-28
Combat Ready Guard
Promised by Stair

HICKMAN, KY, July % (AP)-Secretary Of the Army
Stahr, warning that I'VE in very real living in
wartime" has outlined National Guard program with both
long short-range objectives
Mr. Stahr preparing today receive the honos of his
Evening star., 1961-07-28

Route % past Centreville, to
county road $50, which leads
to park entrance.
Evening star., 1961-07-28

Features fuIIwidth eIide-out hydrotor
and chill drawer. Holds tall bottles,
egg storage on door. Only "a" wide.
Magnetic door seal.
No Money Down!
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Negative Area

But of course it is not only
these homely thoughts about
ones own guitar; there is
also-and the two are sep
arabic only in conversation
there is also the treatment
given all this by the artist.
In Braque's still life, what
used to be shadow in paint
ing has become something
else, a negative area" echo
ing and tugging against a
positive area" of the same
general shape. This is most
vividly evident in the split
guitar. but it goes on all
through the painting. There
are other contrasts, similar
In KIND. For example, the
expert imitation wood grain
ing of the table is played
against the complete flatten-
ing out of its legs, the fitting
up of its top, the displace-
ment forward of one of the
back legs. Likewise, the wood
paneling below the wall paper
abruptly gives way to a
patch Of negative area in
which the panel pattern con-
tinues as if in blueprint.
Evening star., 1961-08-27

knife, a pipe, some fruit and
that familiar guitar.
Carefully taught, we rec
ognize all the balances be-
tween sections of the paint
ing, all the tensions set up
by distorted forms and flat
tened space, all the mock
ing of illusion in the precise
reproductions of wallpaper,
of woodgraining, of the news
paper masthead that gives
the painting its name.
Beyond all this we are drawn
to the preserved reality of
just this particular little
bunch of the clutterabelia of
life. The careful arrange
ments, the balances, the ten
sions, only force more vividly
upon our notice the fact
that this was once the cor
ner of somebody's room, that
our own lives are lived out
in similar company, mutatus
mutandi, hi-fi in for guitar.
Evening star., 1961-08-27

who limit themselves to two
colorS and three vertical
strokes, the infinitely more
sophisticated work of earlier
masters will strike you as
unbearably demanding. In
much the same way, the reg
ular diner out who favors a
wallop or two of bourbon and
a three inch steak will find
the high cuisine and its gar
land of wines utterly incom-
prehensible. For such a taste,
less, indeed, is more.
In view of all this the
Chester Dale Collection, per-
manently on view at the Ma
tional Gallery of Art, has a
special value. While the pic
lures go back not only to the
18th century but even, in one
example, to the 10th, the
weight of the collection is in
French painting of the Sec
ond half of the 18th century
and the first quarter of the
goth. In that period the move
toward simplification was
well in evidence, but it was
not a stampede. A kind of
middle ground had been
reached between the COM
pleX sonoritieS and resc-
nanceS Of traditional paint
ing and the ultra -simplifica-
ton of American painting of
the 1950s.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Africans Make
Williams q Chief

BLANTYRE, Nyasaland, Aug
26 (AP).-G. Mennen Williams
United States Assistant Secre.
tary of State for African AT
fairs, was made an honorary
chief of Malawi at Chileka Air
port today when he arrived for
a one-day fact-finding tour OF
NyaSaland.
Malawi is the name DR.. Hast
ingS Banda wants to give Ny
ashland when it becomes in
depent. DR.. Banda - who last
week won Nyasaland's first gen.
eral elections-heads the Mala-
wi Party Congress.
A crowd of $50 Africans and
few Europeans applauded as
the Congress Party Secretary
General. Dunduza Chisiza, pre-
Sented Mr.. Williams with a fly
switch as a present from DR..
Banda.
Mr.. Chisiza said this made
Mr.. Williams an honorary chief
and added "Malawi has the
greatest admiration for Presi-
dent Kennedy and his admin
istration." Mr.. Williams thanked
Mr.. Chisiza for his confidence
in the United States govern
ment.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
To See the Old

The names we give the
movements in painting of
that period reveal the trend
toward Simplification: I'm
presSionism and Cubism are
the chief ones. Both indicate a
new and intense concentra-
ton on a single aspect of the
traditionally complex art of
painting. In the works of
French painters in that gold
en- mean period Of about Is
years. we find simplicity
enough to accommodate the
modern eye and complexity
enough to afford a link with
the past. to begin the long
process of aesthetic sophisti-
cation needed for eyes used
to the new to see the old.
More important still, there
has rarely been a period in
art so close to being one
where every prospect pleases.
This is not a question of time
making all things acceptable.
The art of a century earlier,
the art of two centuries ear
lier, the art of the Renaissance
itself, all these are less in
stantly accessible than the
mainline French painting of
1850 to 1925. The epoch is
chuck full of pictures which
to look at is to love. The Dale
Collection, chuck full of
pictures of the epoch. is
ideally suited to be anyone's
introduction to the National
Gallery, or even to art.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Twenty Rooms

Twenty entire rooms have
been brought across the ocean
and re-created within the
English mansion: The ear
liest, dated 1880, comes from
Massachusetts. Even the
beams-one of them thick as
a pony-Seem to press down
on one and increase the
claustrophobic. fearful sense
of what life must have been
like for those grim beginners.
Of the first 10000 settlers,
only 1000 survived Starva-
tion and the Indian arrows.
The candlestand, the table
arranged for prayers, and the
small windows, awaken the
image of an evening 280 years
ago. The candlestand has al
ways been treasured because
it belonged to Peregrine
White, who had been born in
the Mayflower during the
voyage.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Texture

An example: A well-known
New York-type painter these
last few years has been max
ing quite a good thing out of
texture. He fashions large
size canvases, or composition
boards, treats them with
some kind of sizing and sprin-
kleS them over with sand
and gravel of various degrees
of fineness and coarSeneSS.
"TeXture!" his admirers cry
and, sure enough. as you ex-
anime these works you are
struck by the varying tex
lures of the sand, gravel and
other abrasives glued to the
surface. Very grating. Very
granular. Very textural, you
might say. The point, though,
is that however high a peak
in human achievement this
represents, it does not repre-
sent a peak in complexity.
1t is about as simple a notion
as one could have and still
be conscious.
Daring? No doubt. Emo
bling? Indubitably. A break
through? Yes, if you like. But
not subtle, not complex, not
in the least difficult to un-
derstand.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Pure Pleasure

Monet, who in a sense
began this equalitarian CO.
existence Of artist and model,
is represented by several of
his efforts to cage the min
ute within its nets of gold.
For all his scientific OBJ
sessions, there is a heart
breaking lovelinesS in "Rouen
Cathedral, West Facade, Sun
light" The great stone struc-
ture is broken, for Monet,
into sparkling points of light
and, for us, into patient
strokes of paint. The work of
the artist becomes a reprise
on the work of the builders
and on the work of the sun.
Before these Frenchmen,
there used to be an art that
concealed art; after them
has come an art that destroys
art. Neither is necessarily the
final answer. For an alterna-
tive to both and for pure
pleasure, go and see the Dale
Collection at the National.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
The Shaker Room

1t is a forbidding chapter
of American history to abb
Sorb. standing in this import
ed room in which the Shakers
once danced away their en-
ergieS, under the direction of
Mother Ann, as she was call
ed-with their simple furni-
ture hung on hooks on the
walls, to make room for their
polkaS of repression.
I wandered on, with the
kindly guide, to the room Of
the Pennsylvania-Dutch, and
remembered my own visits to
Philadelphia, where the de-
vout, cold Amish Protestants
still walk, in determined iso-
lation from what they call
the conspicuous corruption
of modern American life.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
3 Lawyers
Held in Tax
Bribery Plot

BOSTON, Aug. 26 (AP) -
Three lawyers were arrested
today on charges of trying to
bribe an Internal Revenue Of
ficial so he would not prose-
cute one of the lawyers for
alleged income tax evasion.
The three were taken into
custody this morning after a
10-week investigation in which
the revenue agent. Charles j.
McCaffrey, pretended to go
along with the alleged $4,000
offer.
The lawyers are Nathaniel
Bergman, So, of Hartford,
Conn, and Saul Glassman. As,
and Paul Gorin, 49, both Of
Boston.
All three appeared later be-
fore United States Commis-
sioner Peter ]. Nelligan who
set bail at $25,O00 for Berg
man and $4,000 each for the
other two. All arranged bail.
Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy gave this sequence OF
events leading to the arrests:
Mr.. McCaffrey, At, a $4,000
assistant regional counsel Of the
Revenue Service, told his supe-
riors early in June that he had
been approached by Glassman,
Mr.. McCaffrey said Glass
man offered a minimum Of
$4,000 if he would recommend
no prosecution of Bergman on
income tax exaSion charges.
Later, Mr.. McCaffrey, with
the approval of Mortimer Cap
lin, Internal Revenue commits
sioner. met several times with
Glassman. Gorin and Bergman.
Gorin was attorney of record
in Bergman's tax case.
The specific charges against
the trio were: Bribing Mr.. Nc
Caffrey, conspiring to bribe him
and conspiring to defraud the
Treasury. The maximum pen
atty is Is years in prison and
a $4,000 fine. ........
A Justice Department aide
said Mr.. McCaffrey is a lieute-
nant colonel in the Marine
Corps reserve and that Glass
man, a colonel in the Marine
reserve, is Mr.. McCaffrey's
superior officer.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Mount Vernon

1t was with this touch of
pleasant association that I
walked into the garden at
Claverton and looked, once
more, down the valley of the
Avon. But the adventure
was not yet over: Mr.. Nc
Callum told me that next
summer, the garden from
Mount Vernon - Washing
tons house above the Poto-
mac will be perfectly
copied at Claverton. Then I
was led down the drive to
the gallery where the art
collection of the late Mrs.
John D. Rockefeller was
being hung on the semi
circle of walls-a collection
of Early American folk
paintings" that reveal the
story of the Colonies almost
as realistically as the rooms
in the house. 1t was typical
of the generous and delight
full Anglo-American friend
illness that inspires Claver-
ton, for me to meet Mrs.
Mary Black and be told that
she had come all the way
from Virginia-she had ar
rived that morning-to hang
the pictures so that we may
see them as they are seen
in the gallery in Williams
burg, where they will be re-
turned when the English
summer is over.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Dale Collection

And this is the second
great note of the pictures of
the epoch covered by the
Dale Collection. We are al
ways aware that this is art,
not reality; this is a picture.
Even if we didn't know their
names. we would encoun-
ter the persons of the artists
in the always discernible
marks of the process of max
ing the picture.
The art of the period has
been subjected to more in
tense analysis and claSsi-
fication than any other. The
movements and categories of
art are laid out almost from
year to year with a nicely
archaeolegistS reserve for
millenia. But those two ideas
hold it all together in unity.
The subjects, for the most
part, are those of daily
things or persons for which
we instinctively feel some
degree of sympathy; and the
artist is always present in
the painting. His eye and his
hand insist upon their
existence.
Take the Rouault gouache
Cafe Scene" with the mon
umental woman seen at an
angle, her companion all but
lost. She lives and breatheS
and has a hard reality; yet
her reality has it's being only
in another reality, that of
the artist Savagely placing
stroke after stroke on her
Evening star., 1961-08-27
The Lee Room

I moved into the Lee Room,
circa 1720-1750, from New
Hampshire. Life had become
less savage and there was
time for tranquil craftsman
ship. The panelling is
feather edged" beautifully
carved and painted; and there
is a polite dining table, and
a wall bed, to be let down
for the passing stranger. And
there is a splendid fire-back,
dated 1746, with the royal
arms, to remind us that we
are still in a Crown colony.
The illusion deepens as we
pass into the adjoining "born-
ing room" or measles ROOM"
near enough to the fire and
the hot water to be conve-
nient in time of childbirth or
illness in the family. There
was one touching object on
the table-a hand mirror,
rudely made, with chips of
looking glass stuck together;
pieces of a broken, bigger
mirror, so precious in the
early colony that they had to
be saved.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
America in an English Mansion
By HECTOR BOLITHO
Contributing Writer

One of the stubborn tai
entS of the English is that
wherever they extended their
empire, they always took
their Englishness with them.
With America, the story
was different. Those who
went to Virginia also re-
manned curiously English:
Some sent their sons back to
English schools, and even
imported their tombstones
across the Atlantic, with the
name, and date of birth,
beautifully carved, and only
the day of death to be added,
when they passed on" But in
the northern states, follow
ing the example of the Pill
grim Fathers, the settlers she
their Englishness and became
the first Americans-the
first Yankees. Their houses,
their possessions and their
lives grew out of the alien
earth and formed the begin
ming of a heritage.