davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-21
Challenge on Education

PRESIDENT kennedy has marched
boldly into an area of long and deep
seated controversy In his Federal-aid-
to-education message to Congress.
AS the first part of an omnibus
program offering Federal assistance
for kindergarten to college educa-
tional costs, he has proposed a three
year schedule Of grants to States
only for public elementary and secondary
classroom construction but for payment
Of teachers salaries. For the frst year,
this portion Of his program would cost
an estimated $685. million in Federal
funds, and total Of $2.3 billion for the
three years. Other major recommends
tons include f1ve-year $28-billion pro-
gram Of loans for the building of college
residential and classroom facilities and
$57S-million program Of college
scholarships. ..
NJ The cost issue, even though involving
approximately $5.7 billion over the full
period Of the Kennedy plan, is apt to
arouse less heated controversy in the
first instance than the proposal that
Federal funds be channeled directly into
helping to pay salaries Of public school
teachers. For on this point, Republicans
and Democrats, their party platforms
last summer and the opposing presiden-
tial candidates have been sharply split
on grounds that such form Of Federal
assistance does, or does not, mean
Federal control. And even though bill
passed by the overwhelmingly Demo-
cratic Senate last year would have per-
mitted use Of Federal funds for teachers
salaries, a companion measure approved
by the House did not allow this freedom.
although Senate confereeS repeatedly
were willing to accept the fully
deliberate House restriction, the legisla-
Aion died in the House Rules Committee
after the House had approved an amend
Tnent blocking Federal funds to States
that had not desegregated their public
school systems.
- Whatever the legislative fate ahead,
however, the President did not over
state either the teacher or the class
room problem in his message to the
Congress. The projected increase in
the number Of young people eligible and
needing education in the next decade,
averaging nearly one million more per
year, is a figure accepted on all sides.
So, too, is the statement that providing
the quality and quantity Of teachers and
facilities will be major problems" and
that some way to increase teachers
salaries must be found. "At present
salary levels" MIR. Kennedy pointed out,
"the classroom cannot compete in
financial rewards with other professional
work that requires similar academic
background" The classroom shortage,
which he estimated at 100000 in the
next ten years, is comparably urgent.
1t is correct that in many cases the
States and communities should do more,
and the President demands this of them
II they are to share fully in Federal
program. AT. the same time, the basic
need is real and 1t is, in effect, test
Of our system of democratic government
to see that 1t Is met.
Evening star., 1961-02-21
Educator Sacrificed

A news item February l3
announced the resignation Of
Ben Norris, principal of
Washington Lee High
School. and stated that dis
cussion Of renewal Of his
contract had come before the
School Board but that no
concrete action had been
taken. The news item init
mated that a controversy re-
lating to the "honor society"
was the reason for the fail
ure to renew his appoint
ment. Ironically enough. the
last sentence mentioned
WaShington-Lee as lone Of
the Nations top-ranking
schools
Much credit for the
schools status is due to Mr..
Norris. AS assistant princi-
pal and as principal, he has
endeavored to maintain a
high standard both in Schol-
arship and in orderly behav-
ior.
Membership in the honor
society" was formerly con.
ferred upon a student rank
ing high in scholarship,
service and character. Eligi-
bility for membership was
rightly limited to those who
the faculty felt met those
requirements. Under the
present system a student be-
comes a member If he can
persuade enough teachers to
approve his application.
More students than former
ly will become members of
"Kalagethos," but truly in
broadening the base the apex
has been blunted.
1t is to be regretted that q
principal who supported the
faculty in endeavoring to
maintain the former high
standard should be sacrificed
to the expediency in appeas-
ing dissatisfied patrons Of
the school.
Colin C. MACPHERSON,
Former Member Arlington
County School board
Evening star., 1961-02-21

The Soviet officials who
planned the recent demon
stration against the Belgian
Embassy in Moscow may
have become aware Of one
interesting fact: that the
Soviet workers they ordered
to demonstrate showed a
remarkable ability to carry
out the action. What the
Soviet demonstration-plan-
nerS must now consider is
whether 1t is very wise, If
dictatorship over the prole-
tariat is to be continued, to
allow workers too much ex-
perience of this nature, ex-
perience which may someday
be turned against the Soviet
regime.
One can imagine that not
a few Soviet citizens WON
dered why demonstration
was permitted on behalf Of
one Patrice Lumumba, while
Soviet citizens are forbidden
to strike or really demon
strate on their own behalf.
Some Of these demonstrators
and observers may take this
activity a little too seriously.
The demonstration may
also lead foreign students
studying in the USSR,
especially those from nom
Sovietized countries, to be-
lieve incorrectly that they
are free to demonstrate
whenever they please. When
they realize that the Soviet
regime cannot risk this, the
resultant disillusionment will
not be inconsiderable.
The fact that foreign stu
dents, and not Soviet stu
dents, led the mob toward
the Belgian Embassy, may
we'll cause some of the Soviet
students to consider that on
another day. at another
place, they, the Soviet stu
dents, should be in the van
guard Of the march.
While I am quite aware Of
the Soviet regimes tested
and polished methods Of
eliminating any anti-regirne
group action within the
USSR and the satellites,
e.g., Hungary and Kara
ganda, to name only two
cases, the fact remains that
when you lead a horse to
water, 1t is possible for the
horse to decide how much he
will drink; but, the impor-
tant point is that he has
been led to the water.
The Soviet demonstrations
planners cannot afford to
lose sight Of their drinkman-
ship policy. This is just an
other instance, q small one
Evening star., 1961-02-21
Congo Decision

to question, the action taken early this
morning by the United Nations Security
Council lays the groundwork for pos
sible pacification Of the dangerously
tense situation In the Congo Situa-
ton now further inflamed and enven-
omed by several more political execu-
tionS.
These executions, carried out in
South KaSai Province against six aSso-
ciateS Of the slain Patrice Lumumba,
have been explained by the KaSai au-
thoritieS as punishment exacted-after
trial before tribal chieftains- war
crimes" against the Baluba people, many
OF whom apparently have been masSa-
cred by rampaging Lumumbist forces.
However, although an element of an
eye-for-an-eye justice may be involved
here, the u. N. has reacted with an un-
derstandable sense of outrage, though
certain members have mouthed only
hypocritical bilge.
The Kremlin, for example, which is
guilty Of mass political assassination
and such other crimes as the brutal
suppression of Hungarian freedom, has
seized upon the latest executions as an
excuse for another vitriolic and badly
untruthful attack on Secretary General
Dag Hammarskjold. But this line of
propaganda has impressed nobody in
the 11-nation Security Council, which
by vote Of to has defeated the
Soviet resolution demanding Mr.. Ham
marSkiold'S immediate custer and the
U. MS withdrawal from the Congo
within month"; proposal obviously
designed to pave the way for the conf
munization of that country.
What the Council has decided, after
thus sharply rebuf1lng the Kremlin, is
to strengthen the U. MS hand, even to
the point Of empowering it to use force,
in an effort to save the Congolese from
all-out civil war. To that end, as set.
forth In resolution adopted by q vote
Of 9 to Russia and France abstain
ing), the following has been called for,
among other things: ~ Prompt steps
for the withdrawal Of all Belgian and
foreign military personnel. (2) Measures
by all states to prevent the departure
of such personnel from their territories
for service in the Congo-measures de-
signed to prevent strife breeding inter-
vention from the outside. And (3) An
immediate and impartial investigation
Of the political execution of Mr.. Lumum-
ba and his associates.
This program, of course, adds up to
something much less than a blueprint
for peace. Indeed, not without reason,
President Tshombe of SeceSsionist Ka-
tanga has been quick to make clear that
his government will refuse to assentAo
the withdrawal of Belgian technicians
and administrators who are indiSpen-
sable to his country's economy. Never
theless, though 1t may encounter re-
sistance from many sides, the new U. N.
decision-signif1cantly not vetoed by the
Kremlin-can serve as helpful begin
ming on a pacifying effort aimed at
heading of a disastrous CongoleSe
explosion.
Evening star., 1961-02-21
Likes Co-Workers

President Kennedy must
have In mind the group of
Government workers with
whom I have had the honor
to play a subordinate role
when he spoke of serving the
United States "in its hour of
need"
I have never found q group
of people more patriotic,
loyal, devoted, intelligent and
well-read. Their cardinal vir-
tue is love Of fellow man. I
am grateful for our past as
ISOLATION.
James o. BaytOp.
Evening star., 1961-02-21

form or another has an ex-
cellent chance Of becoming
law. In the last Congress,
Q bill providing q program
somewhat similar to that
now advanced by the Presi-
dent passed the Senate. The
House passed o bill calling
for aid to school construc-
ton, as q substitute for the
Senate bill. A rule to send
the measure to conference
with the Senate, however,
was denied by the House
Rules Committee and the
bill died.
To Push Alternate Bill
The new Kennedy bill-it
will be sponsored by members
Of the House and Senate
will face fire from many
quarters. AS things stand to-
day. 1t may be considerably
modified. The Republicans in
Congress are expected to
rally around an alternative
bill which will be presented
in House and Senate, limit
ing Federal aid to school con-
struction and omitting Fed
eral funds for teachers SAL
aries. They are hopeful that
many Of the more conserva-
tive Democrats will 60 along
with them. There may be
attempts by civil rights ad-
vocates to put q provision In
the bill to deny or limit funds
to States which do not thor
oughly desegregate public
schools. And there will be de-
mands that the Federal Gov
ernment should recognize the
need and right Of parochial
schools to participate In the
Federal aid program. Also the
size Of the proposed appro-
priations and loans may be
attacked. Mr.. Kennedy has
asked for q lot and he may
have to take less. Either his
program or q modified pro-
gram is likely to become law.
The Federal Government,
through the desegregation Of
public schools decision Of the
Supreme Court, has already
moved into school control.
This ruling-in 1954-has
aroused intense feeling in q
number Of the States Of the
South. Desegregation has
been at a minimum In some
Of these States and In some
it has not progressed at all.
Some members Of Congress
will look askance at further
incursion into school control
by the Federal Government,
whether by congressional and
Executive action or by the
Federal courts.
Obviously. some Of the
more populouS and wealthy
States have been able to keep
their public school programs
at q much higher level than
some Of those less fortunate.
The formula for the diStri-
button Of Federal funds for
education has been o matter
Of contention in the past
and it may be again, although
the President has prescribed
one to fit all the States.
Senator Dirksen Of nli-
nois. Republican leader Of
the Senate. has made 1t clear
the Republicans do not in
tend to act merely Is OBJ
structioniStS to aid.to-edu-
cation legislation but will
fight for their own bill. Il may
be recalled that years ago the
late Senator Robert A. Taft
Of Ohio, a Republican leader,
favored an aid-to-education
bill. although he was pic
tured widely as an Old
Guard, conservative Republi-
can,
Evening star., 1961-02-21
Good Man

Bernie Harrison's column
carried news sad for Star
readers but happy news for
American Broadcasting Com
pany TV-viewers. Robert e.
Clark. one Of the towns best
reporters, certainly will ease
Jim Hagerty's load.
AS an inveterate reader of
The Star, I want to thank
the paper and Mr.. Clark for
unusually good reporting.
Alexander M. Lankler.
Evening star., 1961-02-21
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry tDriteTS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to coHdensG-
tion. Those not used tDill be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-02-21
All or Nothino?'

or Nothing?" questioned
whether the Montgomery
County Committee for Fair
Representation was being
realistic by pressing for fair
representation legislation, or
whether they were ignoring
the maxim that politics is
the art of the possible.
Speaking for the Prince
Georges County Committee,
we are quite willing to ac-
cept the maxim. and after
reviewing Maryland's con-
stitutional history we have
determined that with q little
art. our proposal is possible.
Our proposal is certainly not
without precedent in Mary
land. for our goals were pro-
vided for in the Constitution
Of Maryland adopted by the
convention which assembled
at Annapolis on May 8. 1867.
Our constitutional fathers
established a formula pro-
viding for representation
based on population in the
counties and set up legisla-
tive districts to take care Of
the already urban population
Of Baltimore city. They also
included provision for reap
portionment after every Ma
tional Census taken there
after"
In 1900. the Maryland
General Assembly passed by
the required 18th vote a con-
stitutional amendment which
established a fourth legisla-
tive district for Baltimore
city ian additional State
Senator and six delegates).
In the reapporticnment
which took place that year.
both Cecil and Frederick
Counties lost one seat in the
House Of Delegates. If only
those delegates who repre-
Sented counties gaining seats
in the 1900 reapportionment
had voted for the Baltimore
city additional representa-
ton, the constitutional
amendment would never
have been enacted. Again
in 1922. the Constitution
was amended to provide Bal
timore city's increase IN pop
ulation with proper repre-
Sentation. Two legislative
districts were added. thereby
giving the people Of 3alti-
more a total Of SO delegates
and six State Senators. Votes
Of the members Of the Cen
eral Assembly representing
rural areas, made this
amendment possible. We
agree with Senator Malkus.
State Senator from Dorches-
ter County and chairman Of
the Maryland Senate Judi
cial Proceedings Committee.
I'VE never go too far wrong
when we follow precedent"
We know that there are
men of stature from rural
and urban areas and we de-
plore the proposition that
by promoting the basic prin-
ciples of a democratic gov
ernment, a representative
legislature, we are In a rural
urban conflict. We are inter-
dependent and we are all
concerned with the problems
Of the people Of Maryland.
For those who charge us
with being unrealistic we
direct their attention to the
New York Times article,
Shame Of the States" May
10, 1858. President John F.
Kennedy wrote: "Our great
er reliance must be on the
sheer weight of logic and
morality in support Of what
is right, practical and nee
essary. -. Perhaps an
aroused public, a vigorous
press, and the force Of the
Democratic tradition will
create an irresistible de-
mand for justice"
Bess b. Lavine,
President, Prince Georges
Chapter, Maryland Commit
tee for Fair Representation.
Evening star., 1961-02-21
THE POLITICAL MILL
Kennedy Pushes Aid to Education
By GOULD LINCOLN

The amount and form Of
Federal aid to education
have become prime issues in
Congress with the reception
Of President Kennedy's rec
concentrations for q five
year program costing ap-
proximately 35.T billion. The
fundamental issue in the
minds Of many Of the legis-
lators Is the control Of edu-
cation in this country by
the Federal Government
through the Governments
spending programs. The
Kennedy proposals call for
the use Of some Of the
money to pay for school
construction and part for
teachers salaries. Therein
lies one principal bone of
contention. Many members
Of Congress, indeed most Of
them, are willing to 60 along
with Federal spending to aid
the building Of more school
houses and classroomS. But
many of them balk at the
idea Of Federal money going
for teachers salaries. That
kind Of Government expendi-
lures, they fear. would make
1t possible for Washington to
dictate the kind Of teaching
and the subject matter If it
so desired.
The Presidents program
covers aid for public grade
schools. It omits aid for pa
rochial schools, Of which
there are many, both Cath
olic and Protestant. Mr..
Kennedy, as Q member Of
Congress himself, opposed
Federal financial assistance
to parochial schools on con-
stitutional grounds. So his
omission Of these schools
from his new program is no
surprise. Many Of the sup
porterS of the parochial
schools have argued and will
continue to argue that in all
fairness, II the Federal Gov
ernment is to 60 into the
business Of aiding the
schools. these schools should
have their share; that these
schools educate many pupils
who Otherwise would be en-
rolled in the public schools
Of the country.
Proposes Extensive Help
The Kennedy aid-to-edu-
cation program also calls for
extensive funds to help
higher education-to help
the colleges and universities,
and to help the students
themselves, who otherwise
would be unable. for finan-
cial reasons. to attend these
schools. In this last cate
CORY, however, the Govern
ment under the program will
stand ready to lend funds to
all kinds Of colleges and uni
versities, whether they are
Catholic, Lutheran. Quaker
or operated by or through
other church organizations.
The arguments advanced
by the President for aid to
education. including the pic
ture Of great need. both by
the grade schools and the
institutions Of higher learn
ing, are persuasive. In the
past. the States and local
governments have had the
responsibility for public
schools, and, until the CT
loan laws. so have the pri-
vate colleges and State COL
leges. For 40 years or more.
the question Of Federal aid
to education has been before
Congress in one form or an
other. But now 1t appears
that a Federal aid bill in one
Evening star., 1961-05-09
CLUB CALENDAR
TOMORROW

WOman's Club of Chevy
Chase, Md, Inc.-German
section, beginners class meet
ing at 10 am. at the home of
Mrs. Eduard Farber. Execu-
tive Board meeting at 10
am. at the clubhouse.
Elementary and Secondary
Education, Bethesda Chevy
Chase AAUW - Meeting at
10 am. at the home of Mrs.
K. Frank.
University WOmen's Club
International relations study
group meeting at II am.
Social day luncheon at 1890
pm. followed by cards.
Northwest Ki-Wives Club
Joint luncheon with the
Northwest Kiwanis Club at
noon at the Embassy Room of
The Broadmoor.
Greater Washington Area
Chapter, Jewish National
Home for Asthmatic Children
Mothers Day and member
bring a member luncheon at
noon, at the home of Mrs.
Rose Stoller.
ZOnta Club - Luncheon
meeting at 1890 pm. at the
YWCA. Mrs. Julia Montgom-
cry will speak.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-09-29
Mems Ten Pins
Bowling Result
IOndav Night League

-NASht In oSU
RESULTS WSVS 2. IN
toughable 2: P. E. Mills 3, Cox
Amusement l; Tastee FreeZ 3,
Rebels |.
SUMMARY - Individual high
game j. Meggison. with l66 pins.
High three game set, F. Shu
maker, with 476 pins. High team
set. P. E. Mills with 1888 pins
for a team average of 876.
STANDINGS = P. E. Mills 10
2: WSVS rs; Tastee Freez rs;
Cox Amusement ST: Rebels 4-8
and Undergraduates SO.
Tuesday Night League
RESULTS-Martin the Jewel
err 4. Leggett's 0: jenkins Oil 3,
Sports Center /; The Hub 2,
Crewe Laundry 2.
SUMMARY - High game. j.
Dunkum with 226 pins. Individ-
ual high three game set, j. Dun
KUN. with SGT pins. High team
set. Martin the Jeweler. with
3O05, for a team average of 1901
pins.
STANDINGS % Crewe Laun
dry, 8l2-3l2; Martin the Jeweler
8l2-3l2: jenkins Oil 66; The
Hub ST, Sports Center 81; ane
Legeett's SO.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-09-29

tally came early in the first
quarter l5:45) as they received
the openin kickoff and kept
things their way in a series of
run and pass combinations until
OBJ Stuart Shelton hit End Bobby
SaylOr with a pass in the end
zone from seven yards out for
the score. The kick for the point
was blocked and the score stood
60.
The second quarter proved to
be a defensive battle with neither
side able to score, and the half
ended with little major action
after W&L quarterback Steve
Suite had his longest pass of the
day intercepted by halfback
Lewis Everette.
The third quarter, Washington
and Lee called all the shots roll
ing up six first downs, s. yards
rushing and the winning score
Taking the Tiger kickoff, the
Generals started their drive on
their own 81 and kept posses
sion, slowly grinding out the
yardage until they crossed the
goal on run from the three
yard line. The score took q
plays to complete, and the extra
point gave the Generals the
lead. rs. 1t was the Generals
quarter with the Tigers in pos
session of the ball only four play
during the period.
The final quarter wa score
less Washington and Lee con
trolled the ball the larger part
of the time. but found the Tiger
defense too much for their tai
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-09-29
BY Haywood Hamlet

The Randolph Henry States
men won their second victory of
the season defeating the Buck
ingham Buccaneers Friday night
on the Randolph-Henry athletic
field.
The first touchdown came
early in the second quarter when
Bill Dalton intercepted a pass
and ran 80 yards for the first
R-H touchdown. Randy The
Toe" Tucker kicked the extra
point.
The second touchdown camo in
the second quarter also when w,
D. Perdieu completed a pass to
end Robert Tuck for 45 yards
The extra point attempt failed
Randolph Henry scored four
other touchdowns, which includ-
ed a so yard run by Harding and
a 20 yard run by Watts. that
were brought back because Of
penalties
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-09-29
Blackstone Gets
32-7 Victory
Northumberland

Blackstone topped Cumberland
in a 1927 District 3 contest Friday
night. It was Blackstone's first
win of the season. as III y
bounced back from a scOreleSS
tie with Park View in the opener.
1t was Cumberland second de-
feat.
Buddy Martin scored the lone
Cumberland tally in the fourth
quarter on a l2yard end run.
Martin made good on the extra
point also.
The Rams scored in every
quarter to show a surprisingly
strong attack. After the initial
kick off the Rams held the Dukes
for downs and took possession on
their own 30. Billy Jones climaxed
touchdown march with an 8
yard end run.
Blackstone scored again in the
first quarter on drive that
started on their own IS. Dave
Hobgood passed to Pack Shelf
field for the score on a play that
covered 80 yards.
In the second quarted Black
stone scored on II yard pass to
Pete Monahan. Monahan scored
again in the third quarter on a
y yard pass play.
Billy Jones added the final
Blackstone score as he lugged
the leather the final nine yards.