davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-10-29
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Success Of Saturn
Gives u. S. a Boost

The giant Saturn deep-space
rocket passed its first flight
test on Friday at Cape Canav-
eral.
The remarkable strides made in
space technology since that jan
uary day less than four years ago
when the United States put up its
first earth satellite, have been
dramatically underscored at a
base in Florida. =
The Jupiter C rocket which pro-
PEELED the tiny Explorer I into
orbit had a lift-off weight of
5000 pounds and q thrust of
$4,000 pounds.
Last Friday, Americas hope for
its first moon and deep-space
BOLSTER, the mighty 1.3 million
pound-thrust Saturn rocket, tall
err than the Statue of Liberty
and, at 925. 900 pounds. more
than twice its weight, thundered
off its pad at Cape Canaveral
for a reSearch-and-d development
flight of 225 miles. 1t rose to a
height of about 80 miles. as it
performed almost perfectly.
The JOY. while not unconfined,
was obvious among the men who
direct the Saturn project. APP
propriately enough, many of these
same men were the creators of
the famed Jupiter C workhorse
members of the former Army
team of Huntsville. Ala, who
learned much of their rocketry
In, Germany.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Berlin Border as a Symbol

The United States protested
TO Moscow last week against
East German interference with
American access to East Berlin.
When the East Germans boldly
erected the Berlin wall in August,
80 checkpoints were left open for
American, British, and French
use.
Since then the Communists ar
bitrarily reduced the number to
IL, then z, and in recent weeks
one. This lone station is located
on FriedrichstrasSe, q crowded
thoroughfare that last week be-
came the focal point of the cur
rent cold war crisis.
At issue is the right of allied
personnel to travel freely In East
Berlin. The United States claims
that as an occupying power it is
responsible only to Big -Four con-
troll, not to the East German gov
ernment.
American personnel have been
told never to show any documents
to East German guards when go
ing through the checkpoint. If
they are stopped, they have been
directed to sit tight and demand
to see 8 Soviet officer.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Cease Fire

He said that his subsequently,
considered the more belligerent-
would agree to a simultaneous
cease fire. and would be willing
to work with the French to pro-
vide effective guarantees for the
safety of the million Europeans in
Algeria.
This was the first concrete pro-
posal offered by the rebels since
they changed their leadership in
late summer.
Louis JOKE, minister for Alge-
rian affairs, said an early resump-
ton of talks was evidently pos
sible," and he indicated France
welcomed a simultaneous cease
fire. He did state firmly. however,
that France still insisted on
prebiscite before it would grant
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Southeast Asia:
A New Threat

Neutralist CambOdia severed
diplomatic relations with pro-
West Thailand last week.
Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor's fact
finding mission has started on its
long trip home from guerrilla
ravaged South Wet Nam.
The Taylor group flew to
SEAT0 headquarters in Bangkok
on Wednesday. and planned to
visit Hong Kong and the Philip
pines en- route to Washington.
Gen. Taylor's report on the situa-
ton in South Wet Nam will have a
direct bearing on whether Ameri-
can GIS are sent to Saigon.
White House sources have made
it clear that President Kennedy
does not want to become involved
in a jungle war. AS so often hap
pens, however, American forces
may be the only alternative to the
collapse of President Diern's re-
gine.
In mounting numbers. Wet
Cong guerrillas from North Wet
Nam and Laos have been crossing
South Wet Mans borders. The
government forces. trained and
equipped by the United States,
have found it increasingly diff
cult to contain the Communists.
S"-"o observers believe that with
out American troops to help them
the South Wet Namese will crum-
BILE like the Laotians.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Old QuorreIs>

In addition, Thailand and
Cambodia have had long-standing
quarrels over land situated in the
northwest of Cambodia. Relations
between them we're so strained
that on October Z, Prince Siha-
nouk said his country faced more
of a threat from his neighbors
than from the Communists.
On October 20, Thai Prime Min
lister Sarit Thanarat said Cambo-
dia was an unwilling base of op-
erations for Communist guerril-
las. This recurrent charge has al
ways brought prompt denials
from Cambodia, but this time it
brought the diplomatic break as
we'll.
The West was concerned not
about the split, but by an implied
threat that Cambodia would seek
Communist military help. Red
troops based in Cambodia could
play havoc with Thailand and
South Wet Nam.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Peiping Rift

For many years. Kremlinolo-
gists have detected an theological
split between Peiping and
Moscow. The Chinese have never
agreed with Mr.. Khrushchev's
view that communism can bury
capitalism without a war. They
feel that war ultimately will be
essential.
The economically advanced So
Wet Union has called this view
"dogmatic," and said it could lead
only to an all-out thermonuclear
war.
In addition to theological OBJ
jections, the hard-pressed Chinese
have not been happy with Mos
cows generous grants to India
and Indonesia. The Chinese
would rather have been given the
money themselves.
At the November, 1860, Com
munist conference, these differ
ences were discussed fully, and
apparently, only the Albanians
supported the Chinese. Since then
relations between Moscow and
Tirana have cooled
Mr.. Khrushchev's anger at the
Albanians exploded at the party
congress. He accused them of
"Stalinist" tactics in not support
ing his policy of peaceful CO.
existence.
Evening star., 1961-10-29

carried out its intention to veto
Outer Mongolia. Several African
states said they would hold Ma
tionalist China responsible. If this
happened, and vote for Red
China's admission.
AS a result Of the deal, the
United States felt II now could
block Peiping for at least another
year.
While the 1920 and 103d flags
were being added to the crowded
courtyard. the seat of the secre-
Atary general remained vacant for
the sixth consecutive week.
Z The Soviet Union and the
United States agreed to support
Burma's U Thant for the position,
but still were a week away from
resolving their dispute over the
number and power Of his as
sistants.
Evening star., 1961-10-29

Dishormony

Red Chinese Premier Chou
En-lai left Moscow suddenly
last week In the midst of the
Communist Party Congress.
In his opening address to the
22d Communist Party Congress.
Premier Khrushcehv noted that
major contradictions divide the
United States, Britain, and other
imperialist states. They appear
both in NATO and in other ag-
gressive blocs."
AS the congress begins its third
week, however, it is obvious that
the Communist world suffers
from major contradictions" of
its own.
These fall into two categories:
. An international disagreement
centering on the Soviet and Chi
nese Communist Parties.
Q An internal Soviet split be-
tween the Khrushchevians and
the so-called "Stalinists." A"Stal-
mist" would prefer dictator more
like Stain than Khrushchev and
would object to the latter's policies
of peaceful coexistence. increased
consumer goods, and foreign aid.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
A HCHticism

In a farewell speech at the Sal
gon airport, however, Gen. Taylor
indicated he did not think the
South Wet Namese, themselves,
were doing all they could to stop
the Communists.
He called for a national mo-
bilization" of South Wet Mans re-
sources to meet the challenge. This
would demonstrate Saigon's will
ingness to put everything neces-
sary to win into this operation"
In Bangkok. Gen. Taylor pre-
sumably discussed last weeks un-
pleasant diplomatic break be-
tween Thailand and Cambodia.'
Ever since Cambodia decided on
a neutralist foreign policy in 1854.
Prince Norodom Sihanouk has
antagonized neighboring Thai
land and South Wet Nam. Both
these provost nations have OBJ
jected to official Soviet missions
so close to their borders. ..
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Budget:
New Promise

President Kennedy last
week directed his cabinet Off
GERS to hold down on Federal
spending and hiring and prom
iSed q balanced budget next
year barring a defense crisis.
Since the early days of the
New Deal. one of the Republican
Party's chief weapons against the
Democrats has been the charge
that its opponents are irrespon-
sible spenders and wasters who
don't really care about a bal
anced budget or sound fiscal
policies.
During the 1860 presidential
campaign, Vice President Nixon
drew blood on several occasions
with his shouted suggestions that
the stable dollar was likely to be
a thing of the past If John F.
Kennedy we're elected President.
Mr.. Kennedy devoted the bet
ter part of a couple Of major
speeches to reply, suggesting that
Mr.. Nixon had struck a tender
nerve. Mr.. Kennedy duly pledged
his devotion to sound currency.
In the last few weeks, it has
become clear that we face a Fis-
cal 1862 budget deficit Of per-
haps 81 billion or more. Treas
ury Secretary Dillon put the fig
ure at $6.75 billion for the year
ending next June 80, in a speech
on October II.
Last Tuesday, former President
Eisenhower, who has shown a
surprising enthusiasm for the po-
litical fray since leaving the White
House, jabbed at the Kennedy
fiscal difficulties.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Soviet Claim

The United States claimed that
the Soviet tanks indicated the
Russians still had jurisdiction
over East Berlin. The Russians,
however, would have argued that
they were there by invitation"
of the CDR.
On the diplomatic front, things
were quiet, due to Moscow'S pre-
occupation with the 22nd Com
munist Party Congress. Ambassa-
dor Thompson is ready to resume
exploratory talks with the Rus
slams once the big Reds have gone
home. He did find time to pro-
test the Berlin interference at the
foreign ministry.
The West was still awaiting a
new West German government,
but Konrad Adenauer was still
having difficulty getting together
a coalition cabinet. When he
takes over as Chancellor, it is ex-
pected that Mr.. Adenauer will Wis
Evening star., 1961-10-29
New Members

Outer Mongolia was accepted
with Mauritania last week in a
cynical package deal. Nationalist
China refrained from vetoing the
Red satellite in return for pledges
from African states not to support
Red China's admission.
The Soviet Union had threat
ened to block Mauritania II China
Evening star., 1961-10-29

missile-test front last week, too.
The first shot of the Polaris l.
725-mile Az ballistic missile from
a submerged submarine went off
without a hitch and a Titan
ICBM scored its ninth straight
success as it roared off on a
6.100-mile flight on Tuesday.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
More Confidence

The Saturn success, though 1t
represents only the first of many
steps before the rocket reaches
operational status in 1864, is a
large feather in the cap of Amer
ican space technology. 1t has in
creased confidence that We will
be able TO send man to the moon
and back before 1870.
AS far as can be determined,
Saturn. a cluster of eight engines.
is the heaviest object ever to lift
itself off the ground. 1t is three
times more powerful than any
rocket engine we now have in op-
Grafton. The big Soviet rockets.
which have accounted for several
spectacular space successes. in
cluding putting an astronaut into
an orbit Of the earth, are rated
at no more than l million pounds
thrust.
Or. Robert C. seamans, head
Of Americas program to put a
man on the moon, remarked on
the "very happy occasion" at the
Cape. He said:
Much has been accomplished
today. AS has been generally rec
oenized, this country has lacked
large launch vehicles for space
exploration. Today we have made
q great step forward"
DR.. Wernher Won Braun, head
Of the German-born rocket group
which Is Developing Saturn, was
delighted. he teld one reporter
that the Omitted States may have
a $3.50 chance Of beating the
Russians to q landing on the
moon and return.
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Rood Aheod

The road ahead could be rocky.
Nine more flights are programmed
before Saturn is expected to be-
come operational. An unqualified
success such as Fridays is un-
usual in the rocket business and
officials of the National Aero
naltics and Space Administra-
ton readily concede that several
Of 4 the remaining test flights
might well be disappointing. But
eventual success would appear to
be assured.
There was good news on the
Evening star., 1961-10-29
Chou's Role.

Red China's Chou En-lai criti-
cized Mr.. Khrushchev for pub
licizing the rift, but otherwise
Evening star., 1961-10-29

Algeria its independence. Mr.. Ben
Khedda had said that such vote
was unnecessary.
Evening star., 1961-10-29

1t Washington to talk over the
Berlin German situation with
President Kennedy.
Evening star., 1961-02-05

1925 d NEWS.
Up-to-the- minute news.
1890 q IT COULD BE you.
Audience participation. Color.
@ Mr.. DISTRICT ATTORNEY.
Crime David Brian stars.
q NUMBER, PLEASE.
Audience Participation Bud coIIyer, m c.
q SEARCH FOR TOMORROW.
Serial
l2:45 Cd GUIDING LIGHT.
Serial
1855 q NEWS DAY REPORT.
Ray Seherer reporting.
100 a DR.. HUDsoNS JOURNAL.
Drama. John Howard stars.
q THE BIG MOVIE.
Hour IS Minutes. "Affair With
Stranger" 1853. successful play
wright and his wife plan to divorce.
Jean Simmons, Victor Mature.
0 ABOUT FACES.
Audience participation.
q THEATER OF STARS.
Drama. "Toueh of Spring." Irene Dunno.
Gene Barry.
1:3o q DIAL a FOR DRAMA.
Drama. "The Engagement Ring" Hugh
oBrian. K. T. Stevens.
0 OUR MISS BROOKS.
Comedy Eve Arden stars.
G AS THE WORLD TURNS.
Serial
l::55 q WORLD NEWS.
200 GA JAN MURRAY SHOW.
Game. Color Jan Murray stars.
q DAY IN COURT.
Trial.
q FULL CIRCLE.
Serial
2:25 Cd NEWS.
George Wilson reporting.
2:30 M LORETTA YOUNG THEATER.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Man Fined $100
In Fix Promises

A man convicted by a Mu-
nicipal Court jury on four
charges of promising to fix
traffic tickets was fined 500
yesterday by Judge Thomas C.
Scalley.
The man, Gerard Jordan, so,
Of the TOO block of Thirty first
street Sc, was found guilty on
two counts of petty larceny and
two counts of false pretense
two weeks ago.
The larceny charges involved
receipt of $50 from one taxi
driver and $40 from another to
fix traffic tickets.
The false pretense charges
alleged that Jordan, himself a
cabbie and a taxi starter at
Union Station, knew when he
accepted the money that he
could not fix the tickets.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
State Department
Loses Cable Plea
BY the Associated Press

The House Appropriations
Committee has refused to give
the State Department $l35,O0O
to lease a cable from Washing
ton Hawaii.
BY reducing the distance Of
radio transmission to the Far
East, the department said, the
cable would help eliminate
much of the atmospheric dis
turbance that often makes COM
munications difficult.
During the Southeast Asia
Treaty Organization conference
last March and while Vice
President Johnson was touring
Southeast Asia, the department
said, Several important mes
sages were delayed because of
atmospheric disturbances"
However, the committee yes
terday eliminated the item from
a supplemental appropriation
bill before reporting it to the
full House.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Group Asks Cuts
In D. c. Spending

The Southeast Business Men's S
Association voted last night to
look into District government
to see where money can be
saved.
James F. Gallagher, associa-
tion president, speaking at the
groups first fall meeting at the
National Capital Bank branch
office, Twenty-Seventh street
and Pennsylvania avenue Sc,
said the businessmen feel that
excessive spending by the D. c.
government creates excessive
taxes which businessmen can
i'll afford"
He plans to appoint a COM
mittee to investigate local gov
ernment spending, particularly
in education, welfare, police
and fire departments.
Evening star., 1961-09-13

He broke Air Force Maj. Bob
Whites record by AZ miles an
hour despite:
/. Fuel pressure failure in
the Kills moments after its
drop from a B-52 mother ship.
Pilot Walker throttled the
57.000-pound thrust engine to
half power until fuel pressure
was restored.
2. A cloud of smoke in the
cockpit which the pilot said
he thought came from paint
scorching in the nose.
8. Initiation of his pressure
suit, explained as a test of
the suits ability to compen-
safe for loss of cabin pressure.
4. Air friction that shot the
fuel temperature to almost 900
degrees and set the KISS steel
skin popping like a hot stove, A"
in Mr.. Walkers words.
The flight plan called for a
3,700 mile-an-hour burst to
10000 feet, then a dive back
into the earth'S thicker atmos-
phere to test the crafts ability
to Withstand re-entry heat and
stress.
Mr.. Walker scared to 10000
Evening star., 1961-09-13
ChupIoins to Discuss
What Jews Believe

Three armed forces chaplains
will take part in a special Jew
ish high holy days forum on
What Jews Believe" at 8 pm.
tomorrow in the National Jew
ish Welfare Board building,
1887 Massachusetts, avenue
NV.
Participating in the discus
sion will be Chaplain Erwin
Preis of Fort Belvoir: Chaplain
Leonard Cahan Of the Marine
Corps Schools, Quantico, Va,
and Chaplain Albert Dimond of
Fort Meade. Moderator will be
Mrs. William Gordon of Alex
andria, Va.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Typhoon Heads
For Formosu
And OkinuWu

TAIPEI, FormoSa, Sept. 13
(AP).-A monster typhoon with
maximum winds Of 230 miles
an hour roared today toward
Formosa and Okinawa, two
major links in the United
States defense chain around
Asia.
Dubbed Typhoon Nancy, the
awesome storm was moving
northwest at 16 miles an hour.
United States Air Force wealth
ermen, tracking the storm, said
Nancy's fringe winds will ap-
proach the east coast of For
mosa tonight and the eye of
the storm will be about 200
miles south of Okinawa to-
morrow morning.
Measuring about 200 miles
across, the typhoon was spotted
about 500 miles southeast of
Okinawa.
The Nationalist Chinese is
land of Formosa was bracing
for the new storm as it was
recovering from the effects of
Typhoon Pamela, now dying
away over mainland China.
Pamela caused millions of
dollars in damage and 98
deaths in Northern Formosa
yesterday. Police revised the
death toll downward by two
after a recheck and listed 27
missing and 964 injured. About
$4,000 were homeless.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
RASH BATTLE won
With No Boys Near
james Skin Is Clear

LOUGHToN. England, Sept.
.13 CAP. Jane Reeve, who
breaks out in a rash when she
mixes with boys, has won her
battle to save her schoolgirl
complexion.
She gaily skipped off today
to an all-girlS school, where
theren be no boys to bring out
those ugly blemishes.
Jane. IL. is allergic to boys.
Boys always make her nervous
and that brings on the rash.
Finishing at,her girls school,
Jane was threatened with a
rash of raShes when she was
assigned to a coed high school
in this town just outside
London.
Her father, Leslie Reeve, pro-
tested to the local educational
authorities. He told them about
the raShes.
The authorities turned down
his request that Jane be al
lowed to attend the local girls
only school. That school, they
said, is full.
Even a doctors certificate,
pointing out James strange
ailment. wouldn't bulge them.
Until yesterday, that is, when
the authorities, after thinking
things over, decided that, in
the interests of her health,
Jane should go to a girls
school.
Said an education official:
1T is felt that, in view of
Evening star., 1961-09-13

James extreme nervousness,
there is justification for her to
be allowed to attend a single
sex school"
He said a place had been
found at another girls school a
few miles out of Loughton.
And that's where Jane went
today, her Schoolbooks under
her ARMAND not a boy in
sight.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
U. 5. MayBack
Diplomat Tour
By the Associated Press

So they can see what America
is like, 20 or 80 top United Ma
tionS diplomats would be in
vited to make expense-paid
visits around the country under
a new State Department plan.
Named Operation Week
End" the program would CO.
lncide with the U. N. General
Assembly which opens Septem-
Der 10. But it is still tentative,
subject to final approval by
Secretary of State Rusk.
There is more to America
than New York and Washing
ton." said Angler Biddle Duke,
chief of protocol and the State
Departments official host for
foreign leaders.
He said it is in the national
interest to see that foreign
leaders unfamiliar with this
country travel beyond the East
Coast metropolitan area.
Mr.. Duke said the invitations
to tour would go to all U. N.
delegation chiefs making their
first trips to the United States
and those who have been here
before but have not Travelled
outside New York. He esti-
mated that of the 100 chiefs,
20 to 80 would be in this situa-
ton.
The Federal Government, Mr..
Duke said, proposes to provide
transportation and If necessary
rooms and meals. But he ex-
pressed hope that the States
visited would meet the cost of
rooms and meals and provide
for local travel.
Mr.. Duke met at the State
Department yesterday with rep
resentatives of the so Gov
ernors.
Gov. John Patterson of Ala
bama declined to send a repre-
sentative, and 10 others were
unable to do so or found the
time inconvenient.
The conference dealt pri-
with the question of pro-
hotel, motel and restau-
rant accommodations for Afri-
can and Asian diplomats and
avoiding incidents due to racial
discrimination.
Pedro A. Sanjuan, assistant
chief of protocol, said the Gov
Evening star., 1961-09-13

feet, but cut the flight from a
scheduled IL minutes to 9.
AS he became aware of the
fuel pressure failure, Mr..
Walker radioed:
We're a little slow so I'll
have to fly this one by guess
and by gosh"
But after he returned to this
desert test center 100 miles
north of Los Angeles he said,
laughingly:
Il was getting hungry, so I
came back in a hurry"
Mr.. Walker, who also holds
the X-15 altitude record of
169,600 feet, said the space
ship should be ready for even
higher flights.
On subsequent missions the
rocket plane is expected to be
scheduled for speeds up to
1000 miles an hour and
heights up to 25O,000 feet.
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Operation MOOn'
Organization Seen as Key
10 Lunur Program Success
CHAPTER 4
By WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer
CHApTER A

James E. Webb man in his mid SOS with Chamber
of Commerce air. exudes highest Brotherhood of Man
HIS smile Is as bland cupcusard and his words which
flow in torrents dipped in accent of his native Tally
Ho, N. c.
On subjects technical Space Administrator Webb bows
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Labor, Welfare
Voted 81 Billion
BY the Associated Press


The Senate passed and sent
to President Kennedy yester-
day a $4,915,965, 900 money bill
to finance the Labor and We'll
fare Departments.
Senate action came on a voice
vote after Senator Hill, Dem
ocrat of Alabama, reported that
conferees had split the differ
ence between Senate and House
figures, arriving at a final
agreement on $97.335, 900 more
than the House previously had
voted.
The Senate had added about
5000 million to the measure,
mostly for expanding the &C
tivities of the National Health
Institutes.
Evening star., 1961-09-13

ernorS' representatives agreed
to supply the State Department
Protocol Office with lists of
hotel, motel and restaurant as
sociations in their various
States and I'VE will try to per-
suade them to make facilities
available"