davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Noble In Purpose

Herbert Hoover, speaking of this
country'S' experience with prohibition,
once said something to the effect that
it was an experiment noble in purpose.
And without trying to suggest any more
comprehensive parallel, the same thing
cansbe said of President Kennedy's pro-
jected Peace Corps. In its early stages,
at least, it will be an experiment, and
it is intended to serve high purposes.
The President, by executive order
hassalready set up the Peace Corps on
a temporary pilot basis" But it will
be EseRle. months before any Peace
Corpsmen are sent overseas and before
Congress acts on the permanent pro-
gram which Mr.. Kennedy has proposed.
Thus, there viii be time for thought
and study, and we think both are very
much required. 49,
Generally, the idea is that the
Corps will be composed primarily of
young men and women who have COM
pleted their formal education. They
will be trained for period ranging
from six weeks to six months. Then
they will be sent overseas to serve with
out salary, although they will be given
living allowance. AS Mr.. Kennedy has
expressed it, they will live at the same
level as the citizens of the country
which they are sent to, doing the same
work, eating the same food, speaking
the same language. We are going to
put particular emphasis on those men
and women who have Skills in teaching,
agriculture and in health"
Mr. Kennedy first proposed this
idea in campaign speech last November
2, and if one may judge from the early
reaction there will be no shortage Of.
volunteers. To many people, especially
young people, the plan has strong
appeal. From all indications, however,
this project has not been thought
through, and, most important Of all, we
have seen nothing which suggests that
there is any plan to insure the welfare
and security Of the Corps members,
especially the young members, once
they have been sent to foreign lands.
Suppose there were hundred or so of
these people, young men and women,
scattered through the villages of the
Congo today. Could the United States
take the position that they were
volunteers, and that therefore this
Government is not responsible for their
safety? We do not think so.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
No Place for Strikes

With fingers crossed, we welcome
the report that leaders of the building
trades unions think they can apply
no-strike policy to missile-baSe con-
Struction. For nearly year, officers Of
the Building Trades Department Of the
AFL-CIO, representing eighteen unions
in this field, have been discussing the
matter among themselves and with
Defense Department officials.
One union, the United Association
Of Plumbers and Pipefitters, already has
directed its locals to refrain from
"quickie" strikes on such projects until
national officers have had opportunity to
seek adjustment Of the grievances. The
fact that the Air Force recently has
assigned qualified labor relations officers
to serve at the missile base projects, and
that the Air Force and the Army Corps
Of Engineers have set up labor liaison
staff at the joint missile headquarters
in Los Angeles, is expected to help in
settling these disputes.
In his state-of- the Union message,
President Kennedy said that he had
directed prompt action to accelerate"
the entire missile program. 1t is only
stating an elementary truth to say that
one of the best ways ito accelerate" is
to keep people on job rather than on
picket line. If the union chiefs and
the military men can find formula
to this end, the American people will be
able to feel a little better about the
security Of their country.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Hdrbinqer?

Needless to say, we should count our
blessings, and rejoice in them, no matter
how small they sometimes may appear
to be. Take, for instance, the SHIN
mering fact that the cost of living in
our country's cities has decreased one
tenth Of one per cent between December
and January. At first glance, this is
decidedly slim statistic that seems
scarcely to warrant singing and dancing
in the streets, but we ought not to
belittle it too much, or shrug 1t off as
If It were altogether inconsequential.
Actually, from the standpoint of econo-
mists, housewives and breadwinners
alike, it-may yet prove to be thing Of
bright significance, a harbinger Of better
times to come, the beginning of a begin
Evening star., 1961-03-03

ming land good beginning is said to
maketh a good ending).
Anyhow, although one swallow
doesn't make summer, there's no harm
in hoping that the December-January
decline in living costs-the first in year
will continue in ever-increasing per-
centages until the dollar really gets
back on its feet again in terms of
purchasing value, and most certainly we
should hope that there will be no new
initiation to start things moving the
other way-that is, toward dollar that
will buy less and less and less.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Music to Our Ears

I would like to commend
the music department Of The
Star for its fine, thorough
coverage of musical events
this season. Not only has The
Star included all of the events
covered by other newspapers,
but it has also reviewed pro-
ductions the others have
failed to cover, such as those
by the American Light Opera
Company and the Washing
ton Contata Group.
In addition to reviewing a
greater number of events,
The Star has been more OBJ
jective and authoritative in
its coverage, as demonstrated
by its review of the Opera
Society of Washington's per-
formance of Mozart's lido
meneo." The Star Is setting
an example in musical COW
erage other papers would be
wise to follow.
Marilyn C. Owen.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Beyond Politics

The 392-to-3O vote by which the
House has approved a temporary ex-
tension Of unemployment compensation
benefits is gratifying. For this is one
of the portions of the Presidents
economic package in which the need
to alleviate genuine hardship and
distress clearly transcends partisan
politics.
Senator Byrd intends to bring the
billz before the Senate Finance Com
mittee by the middle of next week, and
is hopeful it may be sent to the White
House by March Is. This could mean
that thousands Of unemployed in every
part of the country who have exhausted
their normal eligibility for unemploy-
ment benefits might begin receiving the
new checks by April /. The dimensions
of the need are not small. About
100000 unemployed already have used
up their benefits. BY the expiration
date of the emergency extension-June
80, -l962-some "a million others are
expected to have done so.
To the needy families awaiting
assistance, the legislative process must
seem slow. Actually, the House has
acted with commendable promptness
to draft and approve reasonable bill,
the costs of which will be fully re-
covered by the end of 1868. We hope
the Senate performs its part Of the job
as well.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
That Word- Bigotry

men it needs to fill all the
beats. s..~ n. -.,s f.
Commissioner Mclaughlin
then stated: Juvenile delin-
quency, of course, we need
several more judges on the
Juvenile Court. so that when
a boy gets in trouble. he does
not feel he can beat the rap"
Bryson Rash: I would like
to discuss without prejudice
or bias or rancor the make
up of the population Of the
District of Columbia which
we mentioned and discussed.
Do you feel that the fact that
the more than so per cent
Negro population and the
more than rs per cent Ne
groes in the schools, that has
contributed to the reticence
of some of the lawmakers to
aid the District?
Commr. Mclaughlin: Well.
I think so to-possibly-a
measurable extent. I mean
there are Congressman who
know that it impairs the
possibility of their reelection
If they come out and take
positive steps in the District
of Columbia that might, let
us say, benefit or advantage
some people of the colored
race; and there may be some
who themselves entertain
feelings of prejudice. I would
not as surely, though, allocate
it there as I would to the
fact that there are young
lawyers in all those districts
that are represented by those
Congressman who have q
book-and that book is the
Congressional Record-and
they are on their marks, or
many of them, and set to run
against those Congressman
on the racial issue.
The Star story to which
Mr.. Mclaughlin refers
stated:
In reply to a question by
NBC news commentator
BrySon Rash, Mr.. McLaugh-
lin expressed his view Of q
racial tie-in with the Dis
trict's municipal problems.
There is the question Of
racial bigotry by some Con-
gressmen, he said. but more
widespread is the reluctance
by others to vote for the city's
programs because Of the fear
of defeat at the polls.
House members come up
for reelection every two
years, he noted, and they
know that there are always
some potential opponents who
are reading the Congressional
Record.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Truck Tax

Three cheers for President
Kennedy. Making the truck
ing industry pay a more
equitable share of highway
costs has been too long in
coming. This Nation does not
maintain the railroads right
of-way and should not, at
below cost. maintain a right
of-way for trucks. President
Kennedy says that his pro-
posed tax increase would still
not charge heavy trucks their
fair share of the interstate
highway program. I, for one,
do not want to support the
trucking industry, with my
taxes. Let's make the truck
ing industry pay their share.
E. A. Lewis.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
WATCHING THE WORLD
No Easing of NucIeor Forces Likely
By CROSBY S. NOYE
Foreign Correspondent Of The stor

in which nuclear weapons
would not be needed from the
outset of any attack on the
central NATO area.
The reason, quite simply. is
that from q military stand
point it is almost inconceiv-
able that the Russians would
attack Western Europe with
out using nuclear weapons
themselves. To do so would
be to assume all risks Of nu-
clear retaliation while giving
up the enormous advantage
of a surprise atomic attack.
1t would also presuppose an
overwhelming superiority Of
conventional Russian forces
in Eastern Europe whereas, in
fact, these forces have been
reduced to 26 divisions dac-
ing 20 allied divisions in Ger
many all of them built
around the use of tactical
nuclear weapons.
Military planners, there
fore, believe that the condi-
tions of any conflict in West
ern Europe are more likely to
be imposed by the aggressor
than decided by the Western
politicians. c Convent tional
forces, they agree, could play
a role in case of Communist
probing on NATO'S flanks in
Norway or Turkey or in iso-
lated border clashes. If it
comes to a deliberate Com
munist attack on the central
NATO area, however. there
is not one military COM
mander in Europe who be-
lieves such an attack could
be contained by limited war"
Reluctant to Contribute
1t is also noted with some
irony in military headquar-
ters that those who argue the
loudest in Britain and else
where about the need for de-
emphasizing nuclear defense
have been the last to suggest
any increase in the conven-
tional forces assigned to
NATO. None Of our allies
seems ager at this stage
to make the costly sacrifices
Of manpower and money
that increased conventional
strength would require. Even
in Washington there has been
more talk recently about the
possibility Of withdrawing
troops from Western Europe
than sending reinforcements.
No doubt, when it comes to
the need for such forces to
fight brush fire" wars out
side the NATO area, an
excellent case can be made.
But for the time being, at
least. NATO's military lead
ers will continue to develop
and improve tn cir nuclear
deterrent as the best insur-
ance against war in Western
Europe that exists today.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
PARIS.

PAR1S.
The controversy in Wash
ington over use Of nuclear or
conventional weapons arouses
a certain amount Of polite
SkepticiSm among those re-
sponsible for the military
defense of Western Europe.
Most of the points in the
argument have a familiar
ring. The idea Of de -empha-
sizing" nuclear eaponS
and boosting conventional
strength echoes a great deal
of similar talk that has been
going on in NATO for many
months. Particularly in Brit
ain, where theoreticians of
the Labor Party have been
publicly expounding their
demands for non-nuclear
defenses, interest in the prob
lem has been acute.
Even at SHAPE, itself -
where until recently the
notion of a non-nuclear
defense of Western Europe
has been dismissed as a
politicians pipe dream-some
concessions have been made
to the argument. In his
speech to the NATO parlia-
mentarians here last Novem-
ber. Gen. LauriS Norstad took
carefully qualified note Of the
need for onventional a !
strength in NATO.
More Emphasis
These conventional forces,
he said, must be able to
operate when the military
situation permits without
using arms and weapons
equipped with nuclear war
heads" The point at which
nuclear weapons should be
brought into action he sug-
geSted, should be decided at a
higher level than the COM
mander of the basic combat
element.
Il believe" he concluded,
that we must emphasize the
need for conventional forces,
the need for adequate man
power for modern but nom
nuclear weapons and for the
most up-to-date equipment,
However, we must also have
associated with these forces
.... suitable atomic weapons
which could, if the situation
demands, be used in concert
with conventional elements
to force a pause and to halt
these aggreSsions."
The concession neverthe-
less remains relatively theo-
retical. When it comes to the
use Of conventional weapon,
for the defense of Western
Europe the key phrase o.
military planners is "wher
the military situation per.
mits." And except in the cast
of an accidental incident, the
planners are hard put to il
to conceive Of any situation
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Transit Trend

What is to become of the
two underpasses If DC. Tran
sit substitutes buses on the
Connecticut Avenue and Bu-
reau OF Engraving lines?
These million dollar struc-
lures would furnish a few
choice people a very limited
parking area while the buses
use the already impossible
Evening star., 1961-03-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DrtterS' correct
names and addresses. An LeL-
terS are subject to condensd-
tion. Those not used Dill be
returned only tOhen accom- =
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-03-03

The Fairfax County Park
Authority appreciated the
Photographic coverage given
in The Star of the rescue OF
the doe from the Potomac
River at Great Falls Park
last February %. The quick
response of the Great Falls
Fire Department made pos
sible her recovery alive, but
unfortunately. her injuries
and the delayed effects Of
wounds she had received dur
ing the hunting season pre-
vented her survival.
You will be glad to know
that on February "a we lib
Grated in the park the other
doe which had been retrieved
from the ice farther down the
Potomac by the Washington
Animal Rescue League. She
should be safe in the sane
tuary provided by the park.
Fred M. Packard,
Director of Parks,
Fairfax County
Park Authority.
- -
We wish to commend The
Star for giving such generous
space on February % for the
series of pictures captioned
Death of a Young Doe" and
the accompanying heart
moving legends describing
the most kind rescue of the
poor doe which was swept
over a Great Falls cascade.
Even though those heroic
efforts failed to save her life
after her ordeal. it was heart
warming that so m any
worked so hard to help one
gentle deer in distress, quite
a contrast to some weeks be-
fore when all too many were
hunting down her kind for
sport. Those who partici-
pated in the rescue indicat-
ing reverence for life, will be
remembered far longer thar
any who might earlier have
been pictured proudly stand
ing over the bodies of the
whitetails they had deliber.
ately slain.
Virginia w. Sargent,
Animal Protective Associa-
ton, Inc.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Congratulations

The Star is to be congrat-
ulated for the skillful story
Renewed Vigor In Congress
Drive to Enact Legislation
for Parks" by Ann Cottrell
Free, which appeared Sun
day. February 26.
Ann Cottrell Free has con-
structed an artful mosaic Of
the numerous approaches
and PHILOSOPHERS through
which men look upon the
varied natural wealth Of our
land. 1t is extremely lively
entertaining reading, cleverly
designed to stir interest and
enthusiasm in the conserva-
ton conferences the week of
March 5.
Being one Of those greatly
interested in the success Of
these conferences, I thank
The Star for this superb in
PRODUCTION. M. H. Harris.
Evening star., 1961-03-03

@. Who designed the statue
Christ of the Andes"?-H. T.
A. The sculptor was a
young Argentine, Mateo
Alfonso. His final design was
cast at the arsenal in Buenos
Aires from the fused metal
of cannon. Symbolical Of:
peace between the two ma
tions, the statue was set up
at Uspallata Pass, the high
est accessible point on the
border between Chile and
Argentina.
Evening star., 1961-03-03

streets above for slower trans
port Of passengers.
Let's save the cars and un-
derpasses for a beginning Of
a subway system in the down =
town area.
Robert E. Wallich.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Free to Speak, Now


passed since I escaped last
fall from the Soviet ship
"Baltica" which was carry
ing Khrushchev to the turbu-
lent u. N. session in N. Y, and
was granted political asylum
in the United States. I asked
myself then: What could L
a simple representative Of the
small but freedom loving
Estonian people which had
been violently subjugated by
the Soviet Union in 1940-do
in America? / crossed the
United States and spoke to
thousands Of people about
the Soviet menace. I told
them how communism affects
a man, a woman, a child. a
nation. This was in part my
contribution to this country,
which gave me freedom,
shelter, bread and the right
to raise my voice on behalf
of the weak and suppressed.
Commemorating the day
in 1918. when, together with
our brother nations, Lithu-
ania and Latvia. an indepen-
dent EStonia arose after a
heroic fight for freedom, it is
my duty to remind the
worlds conscience Of the sad
fate Of the peoples still under
the yoke of Soviet colonial
ism.
I believe that people in this
country should read the
simple words of a dramatic
letter written recently by one
Of my compatriots in Soviet
occupied Estonia. His mes
sage. signed by the assumed
name Ants SalumetS, broke
through the Iron Curtain and
was published by the leading
daily of free West Berlin
Der Tagesspiegel." Salumets
says: "The recent conference
of international Communist
leaders in Moscow declared
that the liquidation Of CO.
lonialist slavery is one Of the
main tasks Of communism. I
am EStonian and know well
the true history Of the for
merly free Baltic states and
their incorporation into the
USSR in 1910 by Soviet tanks,
terror and fraud. Therefore,
We find it very difficult to
express our Indignation in
words when we hear of the
Communist fight against
colonialism." I would like to
ask Khrushchev openly: Why
do the colonialists have to
disappear from Africa yet
not from Tallinn, Riga and
Vilnius? Why grant inde-
pendence to the Congo but
not to Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania? Why are there
independent Africans in the
U. N. but not a single repre-
sentative of sovereign Es-
tonia, Latvia and Lithuania? /?
I would like to but I cannot
ask Khrushchev these ques-
tions. We also have children.
For this reason I, at least,
write to a free paper in a
free country: Cannot the
West finally understand that
1t must deal with communism
with the same vigor COM
munism applies in dealing
with the West? When will
the democratic West start a
worldwide campaign against
Soviet colonialism? When is
the free world going to be-
gin a real offensive in the
U. NJ? We are waiting for 1t
with pounding hearts and
clenched teeth"
Let the words Of Ants Salu-
NETS be known to all who
hold dear the rights Of men.
ViktOr Jaanimets.
Former oiler on Soviet ship
"Baltica.
New York City,
Evening star., 1961-03-03
'Soopy's' BobbIe

Soaps BobbIe
The Administration prob
ably would prefer to have
"Soapy" williams makes his
campaign speeches in Detroit,
Chicago. Philadelphia, or
New York, where his remarks
can be traded for votes,
rather than in Africa, where
such shoddy conduct may
only serve to ALLEVIATE some
Of our few remaining friends.
The New Frontier, like all
the other coteries preceding
1t. seems to have a Substan-
tial number of political hacks
who want to try their luck in
diplomatic circles regardless
of the potential harm to the
prestige of the United States.
In times as delicate as the
present. let us keep our poll
ticians at home and leave the
diplomatic missions to the
professionals who are trained
and who. we hope, have suf-
ficient common sense to fur
ther their country's interests.
Davis r. Harding,
Durham, N. c.
1t looks like portions of
Africa, London and Washing
ton are up to their respec-
tive ears in Mennen Williams
soft soap.
Angus Sinclair.
Crosby NoyeS' dispatch
from Paris February "a on
"Soapy" Williams tanning
the flames of revolution in
Africa was most opportune.
The Star is to be congratu-
lated on its temerity for pub
fishing it in this heyday of
the Kennedy honeymoon"
All the more. Mr.. Noyes'
moderately worded article
about our Assistant Secre-
tary Of State for African AZ
fairs" stirring up the aborigi-
nal natives against England,
France. Portugal. our friends
up to now at least. fills us
with both grave concern and
anger.
We are concerned over the
increasing blood-shed attend
ing "Soapy's" cries of Africa
for the Africans"
We are angered almost to
. despair that the left wing
= cabal of the State Depart
ment is allowed to perpetrate
with impunity these acts
inimical to our allies stand
ing in world affairs and to
the very survival Of this Re-
public itself.
In desperation we ask:
How long must we suffer,
how long can we endure this
State Department clique, now
brazingly augmented by
Mennen Williams himself?
How long must we wait
for Congress to act and clean
out the stables?
Charles p. Beazley.
Lynchburg, Virginia
4 So
AS you brought out in your
editorial, Williams-(not Mr..
Yawkey's batting champ but
Mr.. Kennedy's all around
Africa utility man)-made a
boo-boo and I believe he
should be sent back to the
minors. If, however, Mr.. Ken
nedy disagrees with me and
decides to bench Williams
It's my suggestion that bench
ing alone will not suffice
that the use of the aged
disciplinary method Of put
ting soap in Williams mouth
may prove effective. True
by so doing Mr.. Kennedy may
run the risk of preaching the
country's conflict of interest
laws, land being preSump-
tuous I'll speak for my fel-
low Americans - believe the
country will pardon Mr.. Ken
nedy.
And, to assist Mr.. Williams
in his future efforts, it might
be well for him to change his
uniform. His fixture, a polka
dot bow tie. should be col
ored black and white - with
a few large white dots anc
many small black dots -s
true picture of Williams
playing field.
Evening star., 1961-03-03
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. by
mail, to any question Of fact by
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 635 + street NV. Washington
4. D. c. Please inclose return post.