davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-03
Upper Gives Walters Slip,
Hopes to Improve Service
BY HUGH MULLIGAN


Associated Press Newsfeatures Writer
BOSTON. Mass, Dec. @
Proper Bostonian Bob Earring
ton may grow old and gather
cobwebs at back table in some
busy restaurant, but to the Bit
ter end he won't be bullied into
leaving a tip.
Not without having the final
word, anyway.
Mr.. harrington has embarked
on one of the most daring cru
sades in the history of every
day heroism.
Almost singlehandedly. he
has set out to reform the fear
'encruSted American custom of
tipping surly walters. snarling
cab drivers, indifferent bell
hops and other churlish
'functionaries who attend the
public with the abrasive charm
Of a prison guard diShing out
rock pile assignments.
An account executive with the
Boston office Of a national
advertising agency, Mr.. Far
rington has frequently found
himself at the mercy of imperi-
Gus walters while entertaining
clients at lunch and dinner.
His moment of truth came
when he did the slow burn for
two hours while waiting for
sullen waiter to take his lunch
con order.
Decided to Fight
. Oh, he tipped all right, Just
as you and land a big fat
one, too-but that tore it for
him. He decided to figl1 back.
Out Of his desperation. Mr..
Harrington conceived "Tippers
Anonymous" a militant
organization dedicated to the
revolutionary proposition that
walters should wait, not Gus
toners.
Club members pay a dollar
and receive a book of 80 yellow
slips that rate a walters or
bellhop's performance as excel
lent, good, fair or poor, depend
ing on the caliber of service.
This group" the slip cheer
fully explains, lis dedicated to
improving service and restor-
ing its reward-tipping-to its
rightful status. The group is
not opposed to tipping, but
rather feels that its meaning
has been lost in the hurried
pace Of the modern world. Tips
to insure prompt service
are a reward for fine service:
lack Of them are an indication
OF poor service"
Evening star., 1961-02-05

from pounds to dollars-a step
that would have bordered on her
esy before World War II.
Woshineton's Interest
The Manchester Guardian re-
ported recently that Washington
often seems to be trying harder
than London to understand what
worries Australia. Australia =.
has become steadily less British
since the war"
1t was the war, in fact, that
awakened the Australian continent,
almost as large as the continental
United States, to its potential.
Cut off by Axis submarines from
its traditional European markets,
Australia rose to the challenge by
building its own steel mills and
shipbuilding yards. When the war
ended, the nation looked around
for ways Of maintaining and ex-
panding its young industrial
muscle.
Among the first companies to
respond was General Motors. The
firm had planned a Compensated
car for the American market after
World War II, but decided that
the time was not ripe in 1946. In
stead, some Of those plans were
incorporated into blueprints for
production Of a small car in Aus
tralia.
Evening star., 1961-02-05
BY WILLIAM MacDOUGALL
Star staff Writer

The pudgy, energetic Premier
Of Australia's State Of Victoria,
Henry Bolte, pounded his desk for
emphasis.
II. don't care what they think
about American investments any
where else in the world" he rasped
to a visitor in his handsome wal
nut-paneled government office in
Melbourne recently. 1--WE want
more Of them here, and the more
the merrier"
Mr.. Bolte's views-seconded by
most Of Australia's top political
and commercial leaders-are re-
freshing to the ears of American
businessmen so long accustomed
to taunts Of being economic i'm
perialists."
1t is, therefore, no accident that
private American investment in
blossoming Australia now tops the
81 billion mark-a total reached
last year. BY the end of the
decade, according to Mr.. Bolte,
the value of American investments
in his country will more than
double, barring the event of dollar
export restrictions by the United
States Government.
Mr.. Bolte makes no secret of
his affection for private enter
prise.
Evening star., 1961-02-05
Australia Welcomes Foreign Investments

This is the best way to build
Australia" he declared. Since
our own capital is limited, we must
go abroad and interest our friends
in investing here"
A man Of action who first
learned about economics by rum
ming a farm. Mr.. Bolte has made
repeated trips abroad in search
of potential investors. In COM
pany with other of Australia's top
national statesmen, he has done
remarkably well.
His home town, busy Melbourne.
is brimming with new industry.
A whole new complex Of manu-
featuring has grown up around
the city, ranging from General
Motors sprawling suburban fac
tories to others belonging to such
firms as International Harvester
and Standard Oil.
Multiply this complex with those
surrounding Sydney, Brisbane.
Adelaide, Perth and smaller cities
and you have some idea Of the
new urban look Of Australia.
Most Of the capital that fl
nanced Australia's early Develop
ment was British. But Americas
share is rapidly growing in this
area once considered almost ex-
clusively British. 1t is significant
to note that Australia Is on the
verge Of converting its currency
Evening star., 1961-02-05

That car - the Holden, Aus
tralia's first home grown" mass
produced automobile-was an i'm
mediate success and continues to
rule the market despite such lat
ter-day entries as Ford and Volks-
wagon. Hundreds of industrial
giants from Campbell's Soup to
Caterpillar have eagerly followed
GINS example since.
Investors Willingness
At first glance. it might seem
strange that American investors
would be so willing to plunge
enormous sums year after year
into a distant market Of only 10
million people, including 1 million
immigrants (many Of whom have
found employment in such new
industry.
One American heavy equipment
manufacturer explained 1t this
way:
1--WE all have something more
than just the Australian market
in mind. good as it is. The real
reason we located here is that this
is a jumping-off point for Asia
and the Pacific. the biggest mar
ket in the world. The government
is steady, the people are hard
working, and we're confident 1t
will stay that way"
Evening star., 1961-02-05
ADENAUER's OUTLOOK
Holding the Line in Germany

to know that a new administra-
ton must have some time to
break in"
A member Of the Chancellor's
staff broke in to say: People are
going to talk about crises until we
get one-until Mr.. Khrushchev
feels challenged to produce one"
You're absolutely right" Ade-
dauer said. Nothing but talk of
crises :" He shook his head
gravely and his voice trailed off.
The Chancellor has good reason
to be tired of crises. At IS. he is
in his 18th year as leader Of West
Germany, a bustling. energetic
nation-split from the Eastern
half Of Germany by the Iron Cur
tain and victim of some Of the
sharpest tensions of the cold war.
Not the least Of these is West
Berlin. 100 miles inside the Iron
Curtain border.
The Berlin Crisis
The SovietS want to turn West
Berlin into free city" The West
opposes this, contending 1t would
be the first step toward a Com
muniSt takeover.
This problem and any Of the
other numerous East-West diff
ferenceS can only be settled by
controlled disarmament, Adenauer
maintains.
Without controlled disarma-
ment there will be no peace and
without a real peace all the ma
tions will continue to arm them
selves. This armament race is
going to be a grave danger to the
welfare Of the entire world. Peace
must finally come, the fear must
be lifted from humanity: fear of
the future and the fear Of ter
rible war"
The Chancellor's face looks
grave when he talks about this
subject.
When one has started' with
effective controlled disarmament,
the entire world political situation
will experience such an easing of
tensions that one can then solve
the other problems"
When he celebrated his 85th
birthday last January 5, Adenauer
looked back at his IL years as
Chancellor and beyond. What
have been his greatest triumphs?
Lets not use the word
triumph" he says. Triumph al
ways suggests a defeated enemy
and I don't want to talk about this.
THE highlight of my political
life was the Petersberg treaty and
the ratification of the treaty by
the Bundestag, because it meant
that start of the federal republics
turn toward the Western powers"
The Petersberg Treoty
BY the "Petersberg treaty" the
Chancellor meant the contractual
Evening star., 1961-02-05

Geneva agreement in the advice
and training 1t gives the Royal
Laotian Army.
United States officials here
deny this heatedly. But the
charge seems generally accepted
by other nationals.
Sixty-six PEG men are sta
toned in Vientiane. The others
are scattered in eight field teams
around the country.
Caught in the ebb and flow Of
the Swirling civil war and with
the LaotianS leaning as heavily
as they do on the Americans, the
line between friendly and inter-
nationally legal advice would be
hard to define.
The Central Intelligence Agency
maintains operatives here, too,
but as with all intelligence opera
tions their number, activities and
degree Of influence are clouded in
secrecy.
Their main job is the collection
Of intelligence. Their critics
Evening star., 1961-02-05
French Ready to Start
On Rocket Mail Plan

was dispatched from that town to
Vienna and elsewhere.
Only stamp collectors benefited
and there hasn't been a rocket
experiment worthy Of note since
that time and Austria has not
planned any for the immediate
future.
The next recorded instance, Of
rocket mail took place in India.
In 1894, 143 letters were rocketed
from ship to Saugor Island. The
test was never repeated and India
has not admitted any official
interest in rocketry since that
date. ..
The 1859 Experiment ,-.,s.
Former Postmaster General
Summerfield enlisted Navy aid
to perform his experiment on
June 8, 1859. The submarine
USS Barbero, skippered by 1t.
Comdr. Carlos Dew, picked up
5000 letters at Norfolk, Va, and
proceeded to the launching site
east of Jacksonville. >
The Navy Regulus I missile was
launched from the submarines
deck and travelled to a perfect
landing at the Naval Auxiliary
Air Station at Mayport, Fla.
The official tabled the effort
as Pony Express II" and iden-
titled mail as an ideal user Of
missile technology. He attempted
no further tests, however, and
luckily left the Navy to develop
other concepts of rocket launch
ing submarines.
For France, it is the first rocket
mail proposal since Louis Dam.
blanc offered q system in 1885.
He proposed a cannon launched,
rocket propelled projectile. AL
though feasible, the idea never
left the drawing board.
French Minister Bobanowski has
not said where he hopes to use
the postal missiles. But the idea
has captivated the hearts Of i'm
patient French lovers who already
imagine great possibilities for Its
implementation-only 20 minutes
to deliver q billet-doux anywhere
in France.
Evening star., 1961-02-05

weapons. According to the Geneva
agreement they cannot teach mill
tary tactics.
The men are in mutt because
the Geneva agreement bars United
States forces here.
Former Brig. Gen. John A.
Heintges. known as plain Mr..
Heintges" here. headed the PEG
for two years. He completed his
term and was replaced recently
by plain Mr.. Andrew ]. Boyle"
a retired brigadier general from
Mitchells, Va.
Role of the U. S. Men
The role Of the PEG men in
Laos is touchy.
The Communists denounce them
as American aggreSsors. Britain
and France. who prefer q more
neutral Western approach to q
Laotian solution. have reportedly
expressed fears the PEG may be
overstepping the bounds Of the
Evening star., 1961-02-05

agreement signed with the United
States, Britain and France in 1852
ending the state Of war and in
cluding West Germany in the
community Of free nations as an
equal partner. The agreements
also regulated the stationing Of
allied troops in West Germany
THE other highlight is the fed
eral republics acceptance into the
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
ton"
In his own way the German
Chancellor has always encouraged
q union or community Of Euro
pean states.
Once he remarked, "The unity
Of Europe was the dream Of q
few. It became the hope of many.
Today it is a necessity for us all. %
Asked how he sizes up. the
chances for a United States Of
Europe now, he replied:
1T will come. But one must
have patience.
1T has never been thought that
the European states should give
up their independence entirely.
But such union must grow and
must develop itself. I am full of
confidence and full of hope"
Adenauer's staunch Europeanism
is matched by perhaps even firmer
opposition to communism. He once
coupled the two. saying, '"The
dream Of Soviet domination of
Europe can only be destroyed If
the unity Of Europe is realized"
On Meeting Khrushchev
&" AS for meeting Khrushchev be-
fore a new summit conference,
he says: Nonsense, it wouldn't
accomplish anything"
Another trip much talked about
but now apparently indefinitely
postponed would have taken Ade-
nauer to the United States in
February for a meeting with the
new President.
When President Kennedy was
elected, the Chancellor was pic,
tured as being uneasy about the
new administrations future for
eign policy. But he now seems to
have become reassured and gives
this view of future world Develop
mentS:
World politics will be deter
mined largely by the United
States. Naturally, the new Presi-
dent and the new administration
in the United States are going to
think differently on certain mat
ters than the old administration
and the former President. But
nevertheless, am convinced that
the basic policies will continue"
With this assumption in mind,
Adenauer feels there is a chance
even If only a slim one-that q
way can be found to move closer
toward world peace.
Evening star., 1961-02-05

French government is reported
considering the request.
U. S. Committed Deeply
The United States, concerned
over q growing Communist threat
to this strategically situated king
dom in the heart Of Southeast
Asia, has committed itself deeply
in Laos.
Because of spreading civil war
the economic scope of United
States aid is shrinking. But the
United States maintains q 1872
man task force Of military men
in mutt" attached to the pro-
gram evaluation office (PEO)
under the United States opera
tions mission (USOM.
These men. dressed usually in
slacks and sport shirts, all are
either. temporarily detached or
retired from the United States
armed forces.
They train soldiers In the use
and maintenance Of American
Evening star., 1961-02-05
BY JACK KOEHLER
Associated Press staff Writer

BONN, Germany. Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer, with q lot OF
history behind him as the worlds
oldest government chief, faces q
crucial year.
Next fall West Germans elect q
new Bundestag Nower House CT
Parliament) and the Socialists
hope to win control and replace
Mr.. Adenauer with young West
Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt.
But Der Alte." as Germans
fondly call their unbending old
man, isn't worried about Brandt.
"As far as the elections are con-
cerned," he said with rare smile
during an interview. II am in good
spirits. I am sure that there won't
be any essential changes"
In the last year the German
Chancellor has become a sort Of
mediator between the two rival
trade blocs, the European Eco
nomic Communicated by France
and West Germany-and the Eu-
ropean Free Trade Association
headed by Britain. In his first
important foreign policy action
of the new year Mr.. Adenauer is
scheduled to visit French PreSi-
dent de Gaulle next Thursday.
Two weeks later he goes to Brit
ain for talks with Prime Minister
Macmillan.
IF nothing extraordinary hap
pens, we will discuss the entire
world political situation" Mr..
Adenauer says. Naturally, this
means that we will also discuss the
relationship between the EEC and
the ETA. I am Of the opinion
that we have to put an end to the
differences between them in the
new year."
Differences With De GouIle
He doesn't say so, but Mr.. Ade-
nauer is likely to have a tough
session with Gen. de Gaulle. Re-
lations between the two states
men cooled noticeably last year
because Of Gen. de Gaulle's ma
tionalistic views.
The Chancellor was especially
irked when De Gaulle came out
for creation of national armed
forces inside NATO. Adenauer
says the only way Europe can be
effectively defended is with strong
integrated forces.
Contrary to prediction by some
diplomatic circles, Adenauer does
not feel the Russians will pro-
duce a new Berlin crisis this
spring. II believe that Khrushchev
will first give the new administra-
ton in Washington certain pc
riod Of time. He Is smart enough
Evening star., 1961-02-05
BY BERNARD POIRIER
Contributing Writer

Head for cover, here comes the
mail!"-this could become famil-
lar warning If Frances rocket mail
proposal results in a workable
system. At least, this is the posi-
bility raised by Frances Minister
for Postal and Communication
Affairs, Michel rice-Bobanow-
ski. He recently announced the
awarding Of a contract to inves-
tigate rocket mail possibilities.
The only recent rocket mail
experiment was conducted by for
mer Postmaster General Arthur
E. Summerfield who used a Navy
Regulus missile fired from sub
marine 80 miles off the coast Of
Florida.
During 1860, amateur German
rocketeers conducted rocket mail
experiments near Hamburg and
used unguided rockets Of the head
decapitating variety Nothing Off
cial has developed yet in Germany.
The problem, Of course, is to
find a rocket mail system which
will be safe. result in time savings
and have reusable carriers. So far.
however, alternatives to the ten
dency of aiming for haystacks"
have only increased the possibility
of irate public reaction to serious
rocket mail proposals. An irritated
public would tend to upset politi-
clans and kill such proposals.
Light Hearted Benefit
The only detail Of the French
proposal is that the carrier will
hold $50 pounds Of mail. Where
and how to use it must still be
resolved. Rocket mail since 1880
has never resulted in systems
worth adopting. In fact, only the
light-hearted individuals of society
seem to benefit.
History first recorded rocket
mail experiments from 1890 to
1882 in Austria's Vienna Woods.
An Austrian scientist, Friedrich
Schmiedl, rocketed hundreds Of
post cards and letters from
Schoeckel to Radegund. The mail
Evening star., 1961-02-05

mist neighbors, Red China and
North Wet Nam, will continue to
block, hamper and threaten the
United States role here. But
they're not expected to move
overtly and the decision between
peace. war. or whatever can be
fashioned in between, reStSSon the
United States.
For Laos is easily one Of the
worlds most dependent countries.
dependent almost entirely on the
United States.
Laos is not even a country" +"
a leading Lao said. 1T exists only
because of the United States and
because Of United States aid and
support"
Since 1854 when the Geneva
agreement ended the Indochina
war. the United States has poured
1910 million into Laos, IS per cent
Of it for the Laotian army, the
police force and financial support
Of the Laotian civil budget.
The army is equipped, trained.
paid and even fed by the United
States. Uncle Sam covers IS per
cent Of the costs of the police
force and contributes IS million
annually to the support of the
civil budget.
The NotionoI Deficit
Laos earns only a tiny fraction
Of its own expenses. Its exports
totaled SIS million in 1860. It's
national deficit was $33 million,
or about 20 times its export figure.
United States aid, including
military hardware, totaled $32
million.
Laos biggest export item last
year was words.
It earned $3.50, 900 in cable tolls
on stories telegraphed abroad by
foreign correspondents covering
Laotian crises.
AAA AoCA W 4oALA Il1SIlCI JIldII
words on the export list but
French operators closed down
their mines recently. Lumber and
opium are farther down the list
In the old colonial days the
French used Laos mainly as q
hunting preserve. The United
States, which considers Laos as
the cockpit Of Southeast Asia,
takes the country more seriously
The United States entered Laos
militarily on the shirttails OF
France, which had and still tech
nically has overall supervision
Of military training here.
The French had few resources
to spare for training LaotianS' and
the United States took on more
and more Of the job.
Frances days in Laos appear
to be numbered,
The Laotian government cur
rently is reported pressing the
French to give up their biggest
military base in Laos and the
Evening star., 1961-02-05
The SUBSTANCE OF OUR POSITION
Laos Is the Crucial Test for US.

charge they also try to influence
policy.
MiIitory Equipment
Another delicate aspect Of the
United States role in Laos is the
amount of American military
equipment that has fallen into the
hands of the pro-Communist
Pathet Lao rebels, who have been
harassing the government for the
better part Of a decade.
Until recently most Of the mill
tary equipment in rebel hands
was American made, much Of it
captured by pro-Communist
forces in neighboring North Wet
Nam during the Indo-C China war.
After Paratroop Capt. Kong lie
toppled the last pro-American
government in Vientiane August
8, he distributed some Of the
American arms among his forces
and guerrillaS allied to him.
The Soviet Union started air.
lifting artillery and other arms
and ammunition to Kong lie in
mid-December. These weapons
bore Soviet. Chinese Communist
and American markings and ap-
parently included American weap-
ons captured in North Wet Nam,
too.
The rebel forces also cleaned
out the arsenal in Vientiane be-
fore they were driven out Of this
administrative capital Of Laos
more than q month ago.
John H. Tobler, 44-year-old
graduate Of the National War Col
lege and a former news corre-
spondent who heads the USOM
in Laos, recently announced the
economic aid program here was
being cut to q stopgap operation
with sharply reduced personnel
because Of the encroaching civil
war.
American Specialists
Forty selected American spe-
cialists will provide the Laotians
with expert advice in small self
help projects that once occupied
a staff of 118 Americans and $40
LaotianS.
These technicians help the
Laotians build and repair roads
and bridges. dig wells and irriga-
ton projects. develop electric
power and distribution facilities.
They run a teachers training
center and help support medical
aid stations scattered around the
country.
The USoM bill is IS million
annually. or is per cent Of the
total United States aid.
The only other American agency
in Laos Is the United States In
formation Service. which is gradu-
ally expanding its operations and
now maintains is Americans and
about As Laotians and other
nationals.
It's program is aimed at helping
the Laotian government build an
effective information service
through the radio and a primitive
press system, and tell Laotians
about America.
All United States operations in
Laos fall under tall scholarly
white haired Winthrop G. Brown,
the 53-year-old Maine-born dip
lomat who took over as American
Ambassador q few days before
Kong lie staged the August coup.
which has kept this country in
turmoil since.
Hardworking, generally respect
ed and admired and so soft-spoken
you have to cup your ears to hear
him. Brown has been busy every
since.
Evening star., 1961-02-05
By-ROY ESSOYAN
Associated Press staff Writer

V1ENTIANE. - The future OF
Laos. both Laotians and Western
ers here agree, depends on the
United States,
It is generally accepted that the
Soviet Union and Laos Commu-
Behind United States concern
over the Communist inspired
civil war in Laos Is more than
simply fear that another cOun-
try will fall to communism. The
United States is involved, so
deeply involved that In some
areas even our French and
British friends believe we have
gone too far.