davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-25
UnciviIized Red China

In spite Of the many stories
Of the desperate plight Of
the Chinese under Commu-
mist rule. there are people in
this country, some Of whom
are people Of influence. and
some of whom are 'just Of
the common people," who
still think Red China should
be given diplomatic recogni-
ton by the United States and
that she should be admitted
to the United Nations.
II the facts so far present.
ed on the subject have not
convinced those who think
Red China should be treated
as any civilized nation would
be, perhaps a little story that
appeared in The Star Of
January 81 would help them
to see the utter folly Of show
ing respect for a government
which has shown neither re-
spect or mercy to the people
Of China. 1t is a story Of the
punishment as barbarouS
as medieval torture" Ito quote
the item) meted out to Chi
nese school children for such
crimes" as whispering and
other childish misdemeanors.
Let those who are sympathet-
ic to Macs regime read that
story with the thought of
their own children. grand
children. other young rela-
tives or friends, in mind.
Tales of torture of adults
can make a civilized persons
blood run cold, but torture
Of children as part Of a
planned program ought to
make us resolve never to
yield an inch toward Red
China or the Communists
in any other country. Ger
tainly we should never give
them the recognition they so
much desire as an aid in
pursuing their diabolical
ends.
Margaret M. Thompson.
Evening star., 1961-01-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
NowWorks on Machine Translator
By THOMAS R. HENRY

matically to recognize objects
or patterns. such as letters
Of the alphabet. has been
developed in q joint Navy
Air Force research project.
Operates Like Brain
It operates essentially like
q human brain in this re-
spect rather than aS q me-
chanical automaton, accord
ing to an Office Of Naval
Research report on the prog
ress to date. It Is taught,
like q child, through . sys-
tenn Of rewards and punish
ments.
), The so-called PERCEPTION"
generally is trained by plac-
ing test patterns. such as
letters Of the alphabet Of a
single type face. before its
photoelectric cell "eye." When
it Identifies incorrectly q pat
tern or letter. the trainer
forces 1t to respond correctly
by means Of an electrical con-
troll.
When the training period
is complete, the letters Of the
particular type face can be
shown to the machines eye
and it will identify them
correctly. When the recogni-
tion problem has been COM
plicated by adding letters
of a different type face the
machine has been correct IS
percent of the time.
unlike some pattern-rec-
ognition machines" says
DR.. Frank Rosenblatt. re-
search psychologist at the
Cornell Aeronautical Labora-
tory who has developed the
PERCEPTION, "it does not rec
ognize forms by matching
them against an inventory
Of stored images or by per-
forming q mathematical an
alysis Of characteristics. The
perceptron's recognition is di-
rect and almost instanta-
neous since its memory is in
the form Of altered path
ways through the system
rather than q coded repre-
sentation of unique stimuli"
Evening star., 1961-01-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used ~
letters carry Driters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensG-
ton. Those not used iOiu be
returned. only tchen accom-
panied by self = addressed.
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-01-25

NOCaDle prOgreSS now Is
being made under Navy aus
pices toward the machine
translator" which 1t Is hoped
will eventually be capable Of
translating any other Ian
guage automatically and in
stanteously into English.
This involves electronic re-
actions in q billionth Of q
second, as well as almost in
Vulnerable electronic circuit
devices for large scale
"photo-memory," memory Of
word associations. and abil-
ity Of the machine to make
decisions for itself on ques-
tions Of style and syntax.
The work is being conducted
both by Navy scientists
themselves and through con-
tracts with universities and
research organizations.
Machine translation even
now is quite possible. but on
a limited scale and purely
mechanistic. It still Is q long
way from the poet-machine
or the philosopher
such as would be required for
adequate literary transla-
tionS.
Would Save Money
Machine translation" says
an Office Of Naval Research
report on progress to date. "is
q most exciting application
Of high-speed computer tech
nology. Many Of the prob
lens involved in machine
translation are common to a
number Of fields Of informa-
ton processing. so that prog
ress in one field results in
progress in the others, as well
as giving additional informa-
ton into the solution Of
problems in other fields. For
example. the advances in
machine translation will
yield simultaneous improve
ments in document storage
and retrieval. high speed
data-processing and auto
matte programming-all sub
jects of vital interest to the
Navy.
"The Navy has a very great
interest in the translation to
English Of foreign scientific
and engineering literature. It
spends many millions an
nually in discovering and
developing new devices and
methods. Wide availability Of
pertinent foreign information
would shorten the develop
ment periods required and
reduce the money spent on
work already accomplished
elsewhere. American scien-
fists would be considerably
more aware of foreign prof.
ects and would have a
broader base for research In
attacking specific Navy prob
lens.
Much Of the information
used by the Office of Naval
Intelligence arrives in one
foreign language or another.
Acceptable automatic trans
lation would increase many
fold the amount of raw data
which could be ingested and
would improve the accuracy
and consistency Of available
English translation. Com
petent analysts would be
freed from the necessity Of
personally translating doc
uments which they need
quickly"
Thus far, the Office Of
Naval Research feels, a fairly
competent foundation has
been laid.
An experimental machine
which can be trained" auto
Evening star., 1961-01-25

mutiny or piracy, but appropriation of
Portuguese transport by Portuguese>for
Portuguese political objectives. This is
an argument much too thin to cover up
the criminal nature Of the deed, and
the perpetrators of it must be dealt
with accordingly in keeping with inter-
national law.
Evening star., 1961-01-25
Mr.. Sans Unwise Project

II we may borrow the phrase, we
yield to no one in our admiration
and respect for Speaker Sam Rayburn,
the gentleman from Texas. We do not
really think he wants to be the dictator"
OF the House Of Representatives. Nor do
we believe that he harbors some secret
purpose to railroad raft of crackpot
legislation through the 87th Congress.
But for the life Of us we cannot under
stand why he is so dead set on enlarging
or packing" the Rules Committee.
>, The Speaker says that President
Kennedy'S inaugural address was "one
of the greatest" in history, with which
we agree, and he also says that he wants
to enlarge the Rules Committee in order
to give the Kennedy legislative program
clear road to the House floor. Even
If this is something of non sequitur,
1T seems to us, however, that one of
two inferences must be drawn from the
Speakers statement. The first Is that,
If he has his way, Mr.. Rayburn would
see to it that the new Democrats added
to the committee would be men who
would do his bidding. In other words,
Mr.. Sam, in effect, would become the
Rules Committee. The second Is that
the Speaker does not believe that the
Rules Committee, unless enlarged,
would permit the House to vote on the
Kennedy legislative program.
There are at least two things wrong
with this latter view. One is that the
belief has no foundation In fact. It has
been demonstrated time and again that
a majority of the House, II 1t wants to
vote on a bill, can alwaW bring it to a
vote-Rules Committee or no Rules
Committee.
The second thing wrong, at least in
our judgment, is to suppose the Rules
Committee would try to prevent the
Kennedy program from coming to vote.
This assumes, Of course, that Mr.. Ray
burn is referring to the five-point pro-
gram enunciated last month by Mr..
Kennedy II the Speaker has something
else in mind-some extreme legislation
the case might be different. The Rules
Committee could try to block it, and
we hope it would. But If Mr.. Rayburn
is talking about the five-point program,
we do not think the Rules Committee
would or should attempt to bottle it up.
And If we are mistaken in this, the
fact remains that the program can
always be brought to vote without
any real difficulty by mere majority
of the House.
This is why we find it so hard to
understand why the Speaker seems
determined to pack" IA word we don't
like) the Rules Committee. In the
absence of necessity, the precedent
would be both unwise and dangerous.
If one committee can be packed by
today's majority, another can be packed
by some other majority in another
Congress- Mr.. Sam, it seems to us, has
committed himself to one Of those
impulsive projects which ought to be
resisted. And we hope that all members
Of the House Of whatever party, If they
are against committee packing as a
matter of principle, will have the
courage to vote against the Speaker
on this issue.
Evening star., 1961-01-25
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

mail, to any T question Of fact 81
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 635 + street NV, WASHINGTON
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed, stamped
, 1961-03-28
Senate Resolution
Governor
John Duvid Merwin

A resolution praising the
important and extraordi-
nary contributions of Gov
ernor John D. Merwin and
naming a street in ST. Croix
in his honor was passed
Friday by the Virgin IS
lands Legislature, accord
ing to a news item in the
Home Journal.
In his farewell speech to
the Legislature, while open
ing t h e special session
called by him, Governor
Merwin praised the legisla-
ture for the cooperation
given to him and said that
through our joint efforts
we have accomplished a
few worthwhile things for
the benefit Of the Virgin
Islands.
, 1961-03-28
HGwks Will Pluy
Tonight; Vikings
Beot T~hunderbirds

Tonight on the basket
ball court in Christiansted,
the Hawks will play the
final game Of the season
against the Christiansted
High School Team who in
the past two games have
been heavily scored against.
The school boys however
say this game is a must and
will try to knock off the
Hawks for a 500 point aver
age if possible.
In an afternoon game
yesterday in the intermedi-
ate league the Vikings bas-
ketbalI team defeated the
Thunderbirds BY a 44-37
score. These two teams are
tops in playing basketball
and will be hard to beat by
their rivals.
, 1961-03-28
Comptroller Bove
Quotes Orgcnic Act
On His Duties

On His Duties
In the interest of making avail
able public information to which
the people Of the Virgin Islands
r entitled, / have deemed it adj
visabIe and proper to bring to the
attention of the public the duties
and responsibilities of the Gov
eminent Comptroller of the Vir-
gin Islands and to outline in par
ticular the procedure followed in
the making Of audits.
The Office Of the Government
Comptroller of the Virgin Islands
was established by Public Law
SIT, 83rd Congress, approved by
the President of the United States
on July %, 1854, known as the
Revised Organic Act of the Virgin
Islands"
Section II of this Federal law
sets forth the duties and response
bilities of the Government Comp
troller. The law provides that:
The government comptroller
shall audit and settle all ac-
counts and claims pertaining to
the revenues and receipts from
whatever source of the govern
ment Of the Virgin Islands and
of funds derived from bond is
sues; and he shall audit and
settle, in accordance with law
and administrative regulations,
all expenditures Of funds and
property pertaining to the gov
eminent of the Virgin Islands
including those pertaining to
trust funds held by the govern
ment of the Virgin Islands"
and that:
Tt shall be the duty Of the
government comptroller to
bring { the the attention eff the
proper administrative officer
failures to collect amounts due
the government, and expendi-
lures of funds or property
which in his opinion are extra
VACANT, excessive, unnecessary,
or irregular"
Further, the Revised Organic
Act Of the Virgin Islands provides
that:
sThe government comptrol-
Ter shall make such other re-
ports as may be required by
the Governor Of the Virgin Is
lands, the Comptroller General
of the United States, or the Sc
cretary Of the Interior"
In accordance with these provi-
sions audits are made of all
branches and activities of the
Government of the Virgin Islands.
During the course Of these audits,
which take from several weeks to
several months, an extensive
CONTINUED on page A
, 1961-03-28
Civil Service Comm.
viii Hold Confubs
For Retired Emp.

The Civil Service Com
mission will hold two con-
ferences for retired civil
service employees to ac-
quaint them with the parti-
culars of the Health Bene-
fits Law passel by Congress
last year.
The deadline of April /,
1861 for applying for parti-
c1pation III the program
will be extended for civil
service employees in Puer1
to Rico and the Virgin
Islands Until after these
meetings have been com
pleted during the second
week in April.
The time and location Of
these meetings will be an
nounced at a later date.
Retired civil service EN-
ployees have already re-
ceived in the mail broch-
ures on this program, but
they will be invited to at
tend these meetings and
will have an opportunity to
ask any questions they may
have regarding the Health
Benefits Program.
, 1961-03-28
F~rederiksted 10 Get
New Air-C Conditioned
Post Office

Plans to build a new air
conditioned post office in
Frederiksted, st. Croix, Vir
gin Islands, w ere an
nounced by Postmaster
General ]. Edward Day.
The new building Day
said, will implement Pre-
sident Kennedy's program
to stimulate the economy
and at the same time carry
out the Department oh5ec-
tive of more efficient postal
service and improved work
ing conditions for postal
employees.
The post office will be To-
Gated at the intersection Of
Center Line Road and Fish
er Street and will have an
interior Of more than 5000
square feet. The driveway,
parking and maneuvering
area will be approximately
$4,000 square feet and the
platform will be 230 square
feet.
The successful bidder was
Capital Properties, Inc,
Washington, D. G. for a 20
year basic lease, with two
Swear renewal options.
Alfred Ford. Famous
Sugur Boiler,
Posses Away at Home
Alfred Ford, affection
ately known as "Massa'
Ford, passed a W a y at
his home at Al Queen
Street, Christiansted. He
was 70.
Mr.. Ford had an excel
lent reputation as a sugar
boiler with the Bethlehem
Factory, the Central and.
La Grange.
Among those who sur
Continued on page a
, 1961-03-28
Mon Found Guilty
Of Asdult and Battery
In Municipal Court

In the Municipal Court
yesterday afternoon j n
Christiansted, R u p I
James charged with aggra-
waited assault and battery
was sentenced to S j K
months in jail five Of which
was suspended.
The charge was brought
by 1t. Aubain when he at
tackled Enoch Isaac a work
er at Estate Slob with a
machette.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

Catholic Book Week

We could give many reasons why we read books.
We want information, entertainment, inspiration Or
something else.
But the real purpose or reading ought to be, in
the words of Romano ROLAND, that I'VE read other
mems books to learn about ourselves"
SELF-KNoWLEDGE IS the key to achievement in
life and through reading we learn and profit from the
experience of others. We can reap the advantages of
the accumulated wisdom of the world.
This point is particularly applicable to Catholic
books. Christianity teaches us not that man has found
out God, but that God has sought out man. 1t is a
history of what God has done for man and our hope
for salvation rests in the divine love for man.
TROUGH THoLIC reading then we learn
what a precious thing man is. Not because of himself,
but because of what God has done for him. We start
with revelation as in manifested through the Bible
and Tradition. Then the writings of the Fathers and
all the saints, spiritual writer's, commentators. and OBJ
servers on the message which Christ brought to the
world.
BY approaching our own role in providence, we
will respond to Gods graces and conform to His will.
Put 1t another way: the more we understand about
God, the more we should know about ourselves.
All good reading is beneficial, but Catholic liter
ature has a special value.
Catholic Book Week this year is observed next
week. Its theme is: Unity in Faith Through Reading" "
CERTAINLY WE A see how important it is
to know our Faith and to be united to God and one
another in the common belief we share.
The great number of Catholic books available
make reading IN this area a continually interesting and
fascinating experience. The alectronic world in which
we live supplies us with m.>.., but nothing will take
the place OF reading in the development of under
standing and the attainment of knowledge.
Read Catholic books. Observe Catholic Book Week
February 19 to %. - GAF
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

SAYS COlumnist Should Haze
Done More Research On Castro

Father Sheerin is puzzled"
by the Sudden change" in the
Cuban revolution and can't
explain what went wrong. BY
his own admission then he
does not recognize the Com
munist dialectic.
OUR CONGRESS is going
to great lengths to explain
Communist tactics and STRAIT
egg TO those who are willing
to study. I would suggest that
Father Sheerin take advan-
tage of this federal aid to ed
ucation.
1t is bad enough to be ex-
posed to misinformation and
confusion in our controlled
daily press but we expect bet
ter than this in the official
communications media of the
truth and the light.
FATHER SHEERIN STATES
that mot only American
newspapermen in Cuba but al
so the majority of Catholic
Churchmen on the island we're
surprised by the Sudden
change"
The reason for this is very
simple:
These people adopted the
same conciliatory attitude to-
wards Communists as their
contemporaries through o t
the rest of the world both
free and captive. Father
Sheerin will soon have his
chance to be surprised in the
same manner as his venerable
brethren in Cuba. This sad
denS me.
HIGH.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

capable of protecting their
own interests by means of in
dividuaL bargaining.
This was possibly true ear
lier when white collar work
was of an individual charac-
ter, but, as MIR. Kassalow
points out, Much of this
peculiar individu ality has
been disappearing in an inn
portant part of American in-
dustry." At the present, time,
he continues, zone 80. finds
large batteries of clerks,
punch card operators, comp
tometer operators, and the
like, employed by many firms.
Here the special individual
consciousness or character
istics of the white collar
worker are disappearing"
This and other changes in
the social and economic status
of clerical and tech nical
workers leads Mr.. Kassalow
to conclude - / am inclined
to agree-that "once the main
body of the labor movement
brings itself to face this
problem of organizing white
collar workers, it won't be as
difficult as some people have
imagined or feared"
THERE IS NO NEED here
to spell out how the American
unions ought to go about
facing this problem. Suffice
it to say that they have one
big advantage over many of
the unions of Western Europe.
Mr.. Kassalow emphasizes that
"while some official differ
Continued on Page 81
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17
The YGrdStick
Union Membership Declines
Due To White Collar Snub
by Msgr. George G. Higgins

lated occupational shifts in
the American economy was
painstakingly ana lyzed by
Everett Kassalow, Director
of Research for the AFLCIO
Industrial Union Department,
in a paper delivered in st.
Louis, December 20, at the
annual convention of the In
dustrial Relations Research
Association.
MR.. KASSALoW's tenta-
tive conclusions will bring
small comfort to those who
would like to think that the
American labor movement is
permanently on the decline
and also to those labor lead
ers who would like to think
that business as usual" will
eventually reverse the cur
rent decline in membership.
Mr.. Kassalow believes that
wife collar workers - includ-
ing professional and technical
workers - should be, and
eventually will be organized
into bona fide unions. He
adds, however, that this will
require the use of new and
imaginative organizing tech
niques, the expenditure of a
great deal of energy, and
some far reaching "structur-
al face-lifting" on the past
of the AFLCIO.
WHY SHOULD WHITE col
lar workers be organized?
Perhaps the best answer is
to ask why they shouldn't be
organized, The usual answer to
the latter question is that
white collar workers are fully
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

Should President Ken
nedy make a direct appeal
to the citizens of New
Orleans to abide by the
desegregation decision?
Leaders of the National Cath
Ollie Conference for lnterra-
cial Justice think so. John
p. Nelson. Jr., a vice chair
man of the organization,
made the proposal on jan
unary 9th and it was laud-
ed by noted interracial JUS
lice workers such as Father
John LaFarge, Sd.
/ would suggest that the
President not only ask the
people of New Orleans to
obey the law but also express
to them his Wholehearted APP
proval Of the Supreme Court
decision as a matter of social
justice.
PRESIDENT
was disappointing in his
stand on the desegregation
decision. He didn't go far
enough. He sent troops to
Little Rock to cope with
those who wanted to obstruct
the law but he never came
out clearly, explicitly and I'M
conditionally in favor of the
rightness of the decision.
AT the Christmas tree light
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

Many of US old folks were
high and mighty yesterday
today we are oufeasts. once
had pride and dignity - now
am rejected and forgotten.
Many seem TO believe that TO
deal with US old folks IS an
aef of charity and. be-
Iieve me, charity can be
mighty cold.
Mr.. a. l..
The test of a people is
how they behave toward
the old. Being reverent
to the old is not charity
but a privilege. 1t is not
a matter of consideration but
of reverence, not of equality
but of preference.
AS a human being you are
not a piece of machinery
whose continued existence de-
ponds on efficiency. Old age
is a blessing. 1t is not a mat
ter of apologizing for being
alive. Old age is not defeat
but victory, not punishment
but prestige. We cannot be
Christian unless we believe
that.
We in America sometimes
stress efficiency more than
wisdom. We almost worship
youth. So it takes supreme
courage for many to admit
their true age without embar'
rassment. Gray hair some.
times costs a man his job.
Many spend more money to
conceal signs of old age than
to support religion.
The test of our belief in
the dignity of man is, there
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-02-17

proving what is good and
c~ondemning what is evil.
The pulpit is not for pious
pleasantries. The Old Tesla
ment prophets came to grips
with very practical, work-a-
day problems and that has
been the general tradition Of
the Catholic pulpit down the
centuries.
THE CATHOLIC PREAcH.
Err doesn't wait till his con-
%gregation agrees a situation
is evil before he lashes out
against it. Ills job is TO show
them the situation is evil
while they still think it is
right and proper.
One wonders why we do
not hear powerful Catholic
voices in the South raised up
in favor of indignation in the
schools. Archbishop Rummel
spoke out in no uncertain
terms but he is now a sick
man. Where are the other
Catholic leaders? On this
point we might almost call
the Catholic Church in the
South 1.-THE Church of Sill
ence."
Paul Nj. Harrison of Yale
wrote an article in The An
nails OF fhe American Acad-
envy of Political and Social
Continued on Page 81