davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-14

filibuster, potent weapon against
civil rights bills.
When they lend themselves to
such coalitions, the Republicans.
he said. pull the Democratic
Partys chestnuts out Of the fire
in the wrong way" and wind up
taking the blame.
Aid to Education
The civil rights issue may be-
come entangled with Federal aid
to education. and Senator Case is
wary.
II "desegregation" rider is at
tached to school-aid bill-either
by sincere desegregationists or by
those who would bank on the
rider to bring down the bill-he
will be torn on how to vote.
AS ranking minority member of
the Senate Education Subcommit-
tee, he has said: I'm reserving
as much freedom of action as I
think I ought to have to deal with
this and get the job done"
He indicated his sentiments,
however, in recent newsletter to
constituents. writing: I've always
been concerned that any Federal
Evening star., 1961-05-14
BY JAMES w. CANAAN
Contributing Writer

Senator Clifford P. Case, newly
triumphant in New Jersey politics,
has emerged as the foremost
spokesman of the moment for the
Republican Party's liberal wing.
An outstanding vote-getter him
self, the 57-year-old Case risked
his political prestige back home,
in a way Senators rarely do, by
supporting former Labor Secre-
$ tary James P. Mitchell in a
knock down, three-way battle for
the G. o. P. gubernatorial nomina-
tion.
When Mr.. Mitchell won handily
last month, Senator Case grew
even more toward leadership in
the party.
What does he stand for?
First Of all, he has found little
fault with President Kennedy's
domestic programs thus far. He
describes them as moderate, and
says the President, on the whole,
has been doing "a good job"
He expects, however, that the
administration will show soft
spots. such as civil rights, which
he describes as the most COM
pelling single problem confronting
the Nation on the domestic scene"
The Senator thought he detected
wishy washineSs in the White
House last week when President
Kennedy refused to identify him.
self with civil rights bills intro
duced by Democrats in the House
and Senate. While he has hailed
the Presidents executive orders
promoting Negro equality in Gov
eminent connected employment,
he believes more civil rights legis-
lation is needed-and now.
The Porty PIotforms
The 1860 platforms of both
parties called for such legislation
this year. Senator Case prepared
a statement for the G. o. P. Plat
form Committee which emphasized
that the groundbreaking 1857 Civil
Rights Act was made possible
only by Republican leadership in
the Senate" 1t accused the Demo-
cratic leadership, including Lyn-
don B. Johnson and John F. Ken
nedy, Of trying to pigeonhole the
bill and then watering it down"
A little more emphasis on points
like that, and Richard M. Nixon
might have carried enough popu-
lous States like New York and
New Jersey to win the presidency
last November, in the Senator's
opinion.
He contends that the Republi-
can Party. unlike the sectionally
divided Democratic Party, is
uniquely fitted, by heritage and
conviction" to champion civil
rights.
He called it degrading" when
conservative Republicans aligned
with Southern Democrats and the
Senate leadership Of both parties
to postpone action against the
Evening star., 1961-05-14

slams. The huge Soviet airlift
which began in early November
eventually brought supplies of all
types to the Plaine des Jarres'
main Pathet. Lao base Of Xieng
Khouang bordering North Wet
Nam.
@. When did all this start?
A. Strictly speaking, from the
moment Laos became independ-
ent. The Pathet Lao have been
in the field for years.
@. What brought the present
situation to a critical point?
A. You go back to last August 8
when Capt. Kong lie and the para
troop battalion staged a coup in
Vientiane, the administrative cap
ital of Laos. Kong lie was Amer
ican-tranied in the Philippines.
The people who know him say he
is simply q young army officer
angry over the years of civil strife,
corruption and chaos. He called
for an end of fighting against
Pathet Lao and withdrawal of all
foreign troops.
Pottern of Struggle
@. Then he became head of the
new government?
A. No. This is where the three
way pattern of struggle takes
shape. The national assembly
approved Prince Souvanna Phou-
mas government. Kong LIE handed
over power to him. Souvanna
Phauma calls himself o neutralist.
Evening star., 1961-05-14
NEARBY VOTES

Following are the votes Of
Maryland, Virginia and West Vir-
ginia members Of Congress on ma
jor roll calls last week:
Senate
S 1915. To amend the Mutual
Defense Assistance Control Act
Of 1859 Battle Act) to give the
President discretionary authority
to provide economic or financial
aid to countries other than the
Soviet Union or Communist held
areas in the Far East. Miller, Re
publican of Iowa, amendment to
bar aid under the bill to any Com
munist-controlled country that
was in arrears in its United Ma
tions assessments. Rejected 1884
Democrat BAT; Republican 20
y, May II, 1861. A may" was
vote supporting the Presidents
position.
FOR; Beall and Butler.
AGAINST: Robertson. Democrat Of Vir-
ginia, Byrd. Democrat Of West Virginia,
Randolph, Democrat Of West Virginia.
NOT VOTING: Byrd, Democrat Of Virginia.
Evening star., 1961-05-14

sully States rights, a Republican
rallying ground on which he, as
much as any conservative, pro-
fesses to stand. His only condi-
tion: That States rights not be-
come a shibboleth.
Last summer. as the parties
were swinging into the preSiden-
tial and congressional compaigns,
Senator Case took a position in
hot water with the Republican
administration. He was the only
Senate Republican to vote for a
Democratic bill to give the elderly
health insurance under Social
Security.
He described the successful
Republican substitute bill, which
ruled cut Social Security and set
up a voluntary Federal-State pro-
gram with an income test, as
follows:
ITS really little more than a
public assistance program for the
poorest groups. 1t doesn't solve
the problem facing the broad mass
Of Americans over 65 who find it
difficult. If not impossible. to get
necessary health care at rates
they can afford"
Evening star., 1961-05-14
BY RELMAN MORN
Associated Press Staff Writer

VIENTIANE, Laos.-The Com
munist flood in Southeast Asia,
like the Mekong River, is cresting
dangerously today: A critical
dike-Laos-may already have
crumbled beyond repair.
The Geneva Conference on Laos
meets against a backdrop of these
flinty facts:
The Communists have a mill
tary hammerlock on Laos. Ne
gotiating at Geneva from this
position Of strength. they propose
to demand large share Of what
ever government emerges.
For anti-Communist nations ad-
joining Laos the outlook has never
been blacker. The next big push
is expected in South Wet Nam.
Thailand already reports in
creased Red activity on its north
east frontier.
And the feeling Of bitterness,
illustration and impatience so pre-
valent among WesternerS in Laos
has hardened into a sort of Lets
get it over with" attitude. BY
that some mean a shooting war.
THE only solution" says q sea-
soned military observer in q tone
of finality. lis troops-and troops
from abroad"
Alternatives are frightening"
says a diplomat.
why do we have to be so
damned legalistic?" asks a busi-
ness man. THE Communists don't
hesitate to use foreign officers
and technicians. Why should we?"
"The cease fire" says a Laotian
speaking priest. rs our confession
of defeat"
The Fundamentals
The factors underlying the Lao
tian problem pivot around a few
fundamental questions and an
swers-
@. How did Laos come onto the
world scene?
A. Prior to World War II 1t was
part Of the huge French colony
of 1ndo China. Later 1t became
an independent state. It is land
locked country wedged in by
China, Burma. Thailand, Cam
bodia, South Wet Nam and Com
munist North Wet Nam. In
square miles it is about the size
Of the British Isles but has
population estimated at only 2.5
million. Hence it constitutes an
open highway for Communist OPP
erations against South Wet Nam
and Thailand. For the same rea-
son it has been the object Of gi-
gantic American military economic
programs.
@. Is the man in the village
aware of power plays going on
around his country?
A. Only in a vague and con-
fused sense. For him 1t becomes
concrete in the form Of actual
fighting In and around his village,
Communist seizures Of young men
and rice, and Red propaganda
which is effective either in form
Of persuasion and promises or
when the village headman is as
sassinated for cooperating with
the Imperialists.
@. But he doesn't understand
what the fighting and propagan-
dizing are all about?
A. Almost never. He Just wants
to be let alone. He reminds you
very much of the peasant in
South Wet Nam today, caught be-
Evening star., 1961-05-14
SENATOR CASES POSITION
A 1861 Style Republican Parry Liberal

Following the presidential elec-
ton. Senator Case said New Jer-
seyans had been cool to Mr.. Nix
on's campaign attacks on the
Social Security approach.
Some improvement" was the
way he described the minimum
wage bill Congress passed early
this month. He voted for it, but
regretted that it did not include
hotels, laundries and auto and
farm implement dealers among
employers required to pay the
minimum.
Sound DoIIor" Philosophy
Withal, the Senator proclaims
his allegiance to the sound
dollar" fiscal philosophy, in his
opinion the touchstone of Repub-
licanism. He stood with President
Eisenhower in advocating that
Congress remove the arbitrary
ceiling of four r-and-a-quarter per
cent interest on long-term bonds.
In his judgment, the ceiling
thwarted sale of those bonds be-
cause banks and other investors
could get per cent on other
investments. Thus the Treasury
had to sell too many short-term
securities to manage the national
debt, method Senator Case de-
scribed as "unsound and highly
inflationary."
The Senator denies the accusa-
ton that he votes like q Demo-
crat" on social legislation because
II he didn't, the New Jersey unions
and the NAACP would turn him
out Of office.
He cites his demonstrated will
ingneSs to tackle both the Demo-
Gratis and conservative Republicans
back home as evidence that he
does not choose the path of least
resistance.
As to the Future -.
After his success with Mr..
Mitchell, the Senator was asked
whether he would go after the
party's presidential or vice presi-
Dental nomination in 1864.
He put it off, replying: THE
presidency and vice presidency are
not offices you seek. They seek
you"
He is convinced, nonetheless,
that whoever is nominated must
shun conservatism to win. And he
believes Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller
could have won last November.
Senator Case long has urged his
party to be moderate, a party of
the center" and to shy away
from doctrines repugnant to the
majority"
He has summed up his position:
Il firmly believe that our Republi-
can troubles Of recent years stem
from the fact that we have not
provided alternatives to which the
people can readily turn when they
are dissatisfied with the party in
power"
Evening star., 1961-05-14

A. You get radically different
opinions from military men on
that. One said. there are some
darned good units in the Laotian
army now. They have been prop
erly trained and have confidence
in their officers and weapons.
They fight we'll. It's a question of
training and leadership" But an
other said, you can completely
write off the Laotian army. You
can't count on it for a thing"
Communists as Fighters
Q. But the Laotian Communists,
Pathet Laos, seem to fight pretty
we'll. How do they differ from
government troops?
A. Military observers say it's a
question of leadership. training,
staff work and especially indoc-
trination which persuades the Red
infantryman that he has some
thing to fight for.
@. Who provided this training?
A. North Vietnamese, veterans
OF the war with the French that
ended in 1854. They are consid-
cred highly efficient soldiers.
@. Are they actually fighting in
Laos?
A. The Laotian government says
so, but Western observers say they
believe the Vietnamese are in the
field as technicians, artillery
crews, logistics officers, etc.
@, What about suppliesP
A. They came mainly from Rus
Evening star., 1961-05-14
The Obligation

The loyal opposition" party,
while apparently not entitled to
such an unhampered privilege,
has an obligation to make con
structive suggestions.
Former President Eisenhower
appeared to make this point at
Gettysburg last week. Gathering
for a luncheon there with some
Of his cabinet members and top
administration officials, he told
reporters that he would not "hesi-
tate to make intelligent criticism
at any time" in the foreign pol
icy field.
Mr.. Eisenhower made 1t clear,
however, that neither he nor his
associates felt that this was the
time for such criticism.
Too much significance can be
read into one-week speechmak-
ing tour. But Mr.. Nixon, in his
Evening star., 1961-05-14
Continued From Page C-I

continued FROM rage C"1
relatively large turnouts and the
warmth Of the crowds which
greeted him, did not, however.
let the Kennedy failures" pass
by unnoticed.
He particularly referred to the
Cuban affair and the lessons to
be learned from it. the main one,
in his opinion, being:
I'VE must never talk bigger
than we act and must not start
anything we are not prepared to
finish"
Evening star., 1961-05-14
How We Drifted Into the Laos Situation

Almost Immediately Gen. Phoumi
Nosavan set up headquarters at
Savannakhet Ito struggle against
the danger Of Communist subver-
sion." On the sidelines was Prince
Souphanouvong, half brother to
Prince Souvanna Phouma. Sou
phanouvong is leader of the Pathet
Lao.
@. So then the fighting started?
A. 1t continued all through Sep
tember and October. In December
Gen. Phoumi's forces retook Wen
tiane. On December Is King Saw
ang Vathana approved formation
Of the government headed by
Prince Boun Gum, with Gen.
Phoumi as Deputy Prime Minister
and Minister of Defense.
Q. What happened to Kong LIE?
A. He withdrew to a Pathet Lao
base in the north. The Commun-
lists began regrouping and resup-
plying and by mid-January were
able to start the push southwark.
They stopped in April after reach
ing important military objectives.
@. What stopped them?
A. Perhaps Khrushchev. On
March % President Kennedy said
publicly IF these (Pathet Lao)
attacks do not stop, those who
support truly neutral Laos will
have to consider their response"
Some thought this meant active
intervention by anti-C Communist
forces in Southeast Asia and else
where.
The Outlook Now
@. What's the outlook nowP
A. On May 3 the Pathet Lao
announced it would agree to a
cease fire. Members of an inter-
national control commission flew
to Laos a few days ago to super
wise the cease fire.
Q. Will the Reds honor the cease
fire?
A. That depends on how you de-
fine the term. AS late as Tuesday
shells were falling on Padong, CEN
ter of resistance from progovern-
ment Meo tribesmen. Sporadic
fighting may break out between
the mountain tribesmen, bandit
gangs and others. But the general
belief is that both sides will for
mally honor the cease fire.
@. What if they don't? Is Laos
worth fighting for?
A. It's difficult to see how the
anti-CommuniSts. including the
United States. could avoid fighting
if forced to showdown. There
are innumerable reasons-Ameri-
can prestige. strategic considera-
tions and especially effect on other
nations in Southeast Asia.
@. How would the loss of Laos
affect neighboring nations?
A. That's say they would then
have the same situation on their
northern border as Laos has had
on its border with North Wet Nam,
namely a base where Reds would
start operating Immediately. A
Communist Laos would simplify
Red attacks on South Wet Nam.
@. So is Laos going Communist?
A. That's the big question. The
Communists have often demon
strated ability to take over a gov
ernment once they got a foot in
the door. Under coalition gov
ernment in Laos they would have
several feet in the door. 1t appears
that things will get worse before
they get better. AS another diplo-
mat said Il don't expect to see the
Laotian problem solved in my life
time"
Evening star., 1961-05-14
A Peace Institute
With New Program
BY L. EDGAR PRINA
Star staff Writer

Early last month, a new organi-
zation came into town and set up
shop almost without notice in an
old Smooth-faced. red brick build
ing on Eighteenth street NV.
The events of the last few weeks
in Cuba, in Laos, in Algeria
may provoke the thought that the
timing Of this one could not have
been worse if it had been planned
that way.
But the leaders of the new
organization believe that their
reason for existing has taken on a
new urgency and Importance.
Called the Peace Research Insti-
tute, it is a private, non-profit
group aimed at the support, ad-
vancement and promotion of study
Of the problems of preventing
war.
The institute is unlike the anti
war organizations of the past
outfits which confined their ap-
peals largely without success to
the moral and religious sensi-
bilities of mankind. 1t is en-
barked on a different approach,
one it hopes will have a greater
chance.
The New Dongers
Physical scientists have pro-
duced new weapons which for the
first time actually endanger civil
ization. One small hydrogen bomb,
for example, could incinerate a
great city and it's millions of in
habitants and imperil, with radio
active fallout, many thousands
more hundreds of miles away.
Perhaps the social scientists
using the research method can
discover the means to prevent the
use of these new weapons and find
out how international life can be
regulated so that thermonuclear
war may be averted.
The Institutes first president is
former Ambassador James j.
WadSworth, deputy United States
representative to the United Ma
tions during the eight years of
the Eisenhower administration.
He served also as American rep
resentative on disarmament, 1853
81, and acted as chief negotiator
for this country in international
disarmament talks.
DR.. Arthur Larson, director Of
the United States Information
Agency under Mr.. Eisenhower and
now director of the World Rule Of
Law Center at Duke University,
is vice-president and general
counsel.
The Soviet Aims
Mr.. Wadsworth, as his expert
ence makes plain, knows the Rus
slams. The curious may wonder,
therefore, how he could hope that
the free world could persuade the
Russians to sign an agreement on
arms control and disarmament and
live up to it, even with an inspec-
tion system.
But there is no doubt that he
does.
In an interview he was asked
whether research on peace prob
lens would not be fruitless in the
absence Of any manifestation Of a
genuine Soviet desire to lessen
world tensions.
mo, I don't think so," he re-
piled. OF course. peace will never
be certain unless all nations de-
sire 1t. But there are such things
as gradual disarmament. nuclear
test bans, inspection systems and
the like where more facts and
Evening star., 1961-05-14

figures are needed before they
could be implemented.
For example, how many men
and machines would it take to
police a test ban adequately?
What are the economic factors of
sarmame mt? How can we
strengthen International organiza-
tions? We need the answers to
these kind of questions and I
think the Peace Research Institute
can help find them"
The former ambassador believes
that a fresh breeze of change is
blowing across the intellectual
community. Up until quite recent
ly, there was very little concern
among scholars with the problems
involved in maintaining peace.
Today. Mr.. Wadsworth says,
there is growing interest in ap-
plying the scientific method to the
worlds No. problem.
His Institutes primary objective
is Ito assure that the fullest use
is made of research talents from
all disciplines throughout the
United States on problems of in
ternational relations in search of
further knowledge of ways to pre-
vent war"
In other words. it will function
as peace broker"
Work With Universities
1t will do this by maintaining a
close working relationship with
universities and other research
centers in order to identify studies
they might undertake If they
had the financial resources and
facilities.
Meanwhile, 1t will keep in close
communication with Government
agencies and international organi-
cations to discover their research
needs.
To carry on its work, the InSti-
tute will seek to negotiate con-
tracts with Government agencies,
civilian and military: obtain
grants from foundations and other
sources and establish a clearing
house to keep all those concerned
informed of current and completed
research in the field.
A forerunner of PRI, the Insti-
tute Of International Order. last
year completed five pilot studies
which identified more than 500
topics which need further explora-
ton. The studies covered:
The technical problems of arms
control; economic factors bearing
upon the maintenance Of peace;
the international rule of law; ma
tional and international decision
making and communication in
relation to war and peace.
Evening star., 1961-05-14
The National Scene

attacks on the Kennedy welfare
programs and blunt call for more
attractive Republican candidates,
has indicated that he has not lost
his touch with his party.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

recommended buys in many
areas.
Turkeys along with fryers
continue to be the big poultry
buys. This week the turkeys
are running 10 to IA pounds.
In addition to the fryers,
stewing and roasting chick
ems are being featured. They
run from 3 to 6 pounds.
Jumbo shrimp, lake white
fish and crab meat (the
regular grade) are the best
bets at fish counters.
Seedless and Tokay grapes
are tops among the fall fruit
bargains. While not in the
bargain category. we have
spotted baskets of the sweet,
juicy Concords around. They
make delicious pies, jellies
and jams. The food process
sors grab up the bulk of the
Concord crop, leaving only
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

of a veal roast or chops .
thyme, marjoram, a hint of
mace, ginger, curry powder
or paprika.
With the beef supply plen-
tiful, prices continue attrac-
tive. This week shoppers will
find sales on both roasts and
all the popular steaks. Run
ming down the list, you'll see
specials on the following:
Round (boneless top and bot
toni, T-bone, club, porter
house, rib, sirloin, sirloin tip
and cube steaks.
Favored roaSts include
rump (bone in or boneless) =,
round (boneless bottom) and
sirloin tip. Also on the list
are ground round and ground
beef.
Smoked hams, whole, shank
or butt half, and smoked pic
MICS, whole and sliced, are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

small supplies for the retail
trade. So if you want a
few baskets, don't delay. In
cidentally, the small seckeI
pears for picking are COM
ing to market now, too, in
limited amounts.
Old World Style
Grimes golden and Jona-
than apples, Bartlett pears
and bananas are more good
fruit values. In vegetables,
the buys are U. S. No. /
white potatoes in 25-pound
bags, tomatoes, sweet pota-
toes, green peppers, carrots
and cabbage.
A new line of delicatessen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05
A.LHE MARKET
fYBAsKE7
Veal and Beef Featured

Assorted cuts of veal, specials on beef and
smoked hams and picncS offer variety of choices
at meat counters this week end.
Leg of veal, shoulder chops and roasts, rump
roast, round bone, rib and loin chops and breast
of veal for Stuffng gives Mrs. Homemaker a chance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

to pick and choose her ia
vorite cut. Veal is so delicate
in flavor it takes we'll to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-05

herb seasoning. Any one of
these will enhance the flavor
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-01-20


made Killbuck their latest
victim by a S4-57 score. After
fighting to a 1912 draw in
the first quarter, st. Joseph
broke out on top and finish
ed the half with a 31-24 lead.
The Ramblers stayed in COM
mand the rest of the way.
Jim Meechan, who missed
two games because of an in
jury, paced the Ramblers
with 10 points. Jack Evans,
6-5 center, hit for II points
and grabbed 10 rebounds