davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-11-21


Negroes. The group included
Yale University Chaplain Will
liam S. Coffin, jr.
I'd The verdict capped a daylong
trial. during which Mr.. Coffin
testified he talked with an as
sistant to United States Attor-
ney General Robert Kennedy
before launching the challenge
against bus depot segregation.
~ Decision Appealed
The defendants State Court
conviction came IN contesting
a similar outcome in County
Court on the charges stemming
from an integration attempt
May IS.
All IL Freedom Riders, includ-
ing three other white clergy
men from Connecticut, filed
notice Of appeal to the Alabama
Court of Appeals. They were
released under $3.50 bond each.
Judge Carter, who tried the
cases simultaneously without a
jury, since none was requested.
convicted 10 of the defendants
on unlawful assembly and
breach of the peace charges.
The 18th rider, the Rev.
Wyatt Tee Walker, was con-
victed only of unlawful as
sembly. But the Atlanta Negro
leader drew the same penalty
on that verdict as the others
did for both offenseS.
Montgomery was bristling
Evening star., 1961-11-21
Nearly Half II!iterute

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y
Nearly half the worlds adults
are illiterate and more than
200 million children are receiv-
ing no schooling at all. the
United Nations Educational,
Scientific, and Cultural Organ
ization reports.
Evening star., 1961-11-21
Morgan Case
Nearly Ready
To Go TO Jury

A District Court jury today
heard the evidence against
Daniel Morgan, on trial on
charges of impersonating a
lawyer, called devastating" by
the prosecution.
Making his final argument,
Assistant United States Attor-
ney Luke Moore cited two
weeks of testimony which he
said detailed the scheme Nor
gan used to pose as Lawrence
Archie Harris, a Sacramento
(CalifD attorney.
The prosecutor reminded the
jury that the evidence has
shown that Morgan got a
drivers license in Illinois in
1858 in the name of IL. Archie
Harris and later used the
Illinois license to get a District
drivers permit which he signed
as Lawrence A. Harris"
Who signed this?" the pros
ecutor asked. THE man who
wants you to think he just
adopted the name L. A
Harris!" Mr.. Moore asked
What is his real name? His
brother told you his real name
is Daniel Morgan"
Waves Evidence
Mr.. Moore said that Morgan
attempting to hide his real
identity, came here to set up
a law practice in "high STYLE u
with an office and a secretary
The prosecutor then waved
before the jury what he called
the Governments most dev-
astating piece of evidence" a
card signed on September 13,
1860.
Mr.. Moore said that on this
card Morgan, signing the name
IL. A. Harris" swore that he
had been admitted to practice
as a lawyer in District Court
in 1865. The prosecutor said
Morgan told a Municipal Court
clerk that his name was Law
renee Archie Harris and took
an oath on the statement.
Card Produced
Mr.. Moore recalled that the
real Lawrence Archie Harris
actually had been admitted to
practice in District Court on
the 1855 date.
IF there was nothing else
but this card produced in
evidence by the Government) ,
it would be sufficient to show
this man was impersonating
(the real Harris. What else
do you need?" the prosecutor
asked.
At the completion of the
prosecutors final argument, the
defense was to present its own
summation. After this the
judge will give the panel in
structions in the law and sub
nit the case to the jury.
Evening star., 1961-11-21
Gu Professor Named
To Exchange Project

Prof, Alexander Giampietro
of the Catholic University art
department has been appointed
conSultant in ceramics by the
Committee on International
Exchange of Persons to review
applicants for Fulbright end
Smith-Mundt student awards
The appointment was one of
IL, in various fields of art, made
upon the recommendation Of
the American Council of
Learned Societies.
Evening star., 1961-11-21
Potomac Commission
Member Resigns

President Kennedy has ac-
cepted the resignation of Mark
D. Hollis as United States Com
missioner on the Interstate
Commission on the Potomac
River Basin.
The White House said Mr..
Hollis resigned to accept a po-
sition with the World Health
Organization in Geneva.
Evening star., 1961-11-21
BY the Associated Press

Police ordered a group of
picketing college students to
leave the front entrance of the
White House today. The visit
Of West German Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer was cited as
the reason.
The students, from Carle-
ton CMinn) College. have been
fasting and picketing the White
House since yesterday to pro-
test resumption of nuclear
testing in the atmosphere. They
moved a block away, across
La Fayette Park.
Tom Rockmore, a student
spokesman. said the police told
them picketing near the White
House could not go on today
because of Mr.. Adenauer'S pres
ence.
A White House official told
newsmen that Metropolitan Po-
lice enforce a rule that pickets
are not allowed within 500 feet
Of the White House when the
head of foreign state is there.
He said the Executive Mansion
is then considered in the role
Of an embassy. where picketing
is barred by law.
The students were requested
to move away shortly before
Mr.. Adenauer's arrival for a
morning conference with Presi-
dent Kennedy.
Others Coming
The students had resumed
picketing today after pacing
the sidewalk in front of the
White House throughout the
night.
Only four of the hardy band
maintained the vigil at sunrise
this morning. They were among
a group of 16 students from
Carleton College, who yester-
day replaced other students for
a three-day patrol of their own.
1t was announced that stu
dents from New England will
fast and demonstrate in front
of the White House on Thanks
giving Day. Dozens of students
from Amherst, Mount Holyoke
and Smith Colleges and the
University of Massachusetts
Evening star., 1961-11-21
-Four White Ministers,
7 Negro Riders Fined

MONTGOMERY Ala Nov 81 CAP).- State Judge has
convicted Of unlawful assembly IL Freedom Riders venred
here less than week after another groups resulted
roting boodshed and martial Montgomery
Circuit Judge Eugene Carter ordered 500 fines 30day
jail terms YESTERDAY for the four white ministers
Evening star., 1961-11-21
Seams to Me-
O new series of professional
tips on home sewing

and new ideas for every woman who sews.
Seams to Me" is written by Patricia Scott,
former designer, fashion buyer and sewing
editor of Good Housekeeping.
Seams to Me" will give you helpful counsel
and easyto-follow diagrams Its wealth of
material on sewing, fashions, fabrics, CO.
ordination and fitting can spell the olffer-
ence between the look of a homemade dress
and a couturier creation
For interesting how to- material, read
Seams to Me" every Monday Wednesday
and Sunday in the Women's Section of
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12
Consumers To Be In On
New Farm Programs

WASHINGTON, ID. C.-(NFU)-
Agriculture Secretary Orville Free
man, foreseeing possible criticism of
Administration farm measures, said
that consumers should and will have
an important voice in the formula
ton of new farm programs.
He said consumer representatives
would serve as members of elected
farm commodity committees which
would develop individual commodity
programs under the Administrators
new farm legislative proposals.
Whenever it is determined that
program is needed for a particular
commodity, at least one member of
the commodity committee selected to
formulate this program shall be ap-
pointed to represent the consumer
point of view," Freeman said.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12
|5,897 Received Social Security
Benefits In 1860 MefcuIf Reports

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(Special)
-Montanans got social security ben.
efits of $44, 1888, 900 in 1860, Sen. Lee
Metcalf reported this week.
This is an increase of $3,561,00O
over 1859.
A total of 57,897 about
one out of every IL Montanans-
qualified for monthly benefits of
3,709,552 as of December 81, 1860.
This compares with the 1886 bene-
ficiaries who got $3,375,037 as Of
a year earlier.
Metcalf said figures prepared by
the Department of Health, Education
and Welfare point up the Importance
of the social security program to the
nation.
Last year 14,844,589 Americans
or approximately s per cent of the
potential received benefits of $685.
320,632 a month, almost a billion
dollars.
An extension and liberalization of
the Social Security Act in 1860 re-
suited in IL million more beneficiar-
les than in 1859 and an increase of
SOL million in total benefits.
An amendment making benefits
payable to disabled workers under
age so and to their dependents quail
fled more than 100000 persons for
benefits. Almost another $4,000 per-
sons qualified because of the liberal
lied insured-status provision. Many
more persons will start getting bene-
fits this year as the result of these
changes.
About Sc million persons are now
covered by old-age, survivors, and
disability insurance, which make up
the social security program. In nine
out of 10 American families if the
father should die the mother and
children can count on monthly sur
vivors insurance benefits.
Of all persons 65 or older, nearly
three out of four get monthly bene-
fits or are eligible to receive them
when they or their spouses retire.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12

Herewith is a county-by-county
breakdown of the number of Mon
tanans drawing Social Security and
the amount of SIS benefits paid out
in each county:
Beaverhead (668), $4O,683; Big
Horn 1920, $34,448; Blaine GOD,
$42,197; Broadwater (284), $16,855;
Carbon (118O), $67,32O;
Carter (197), $11,966; Cascade
(4978), $338,8O8; Chouteeu (668),
$47,878; Custer (1128), $69,924;
Daniels (424), $2S,7O2;
Dawson (763), $47,3O9; Deer
Lodge (1446), $1O6,012; Fallon
$3.50, $17,513; Fergus (15O7), $780,
O28; Flathead (3432), $214,125;
Gallatin (2094), $131, 400; Gar
field (167), $1O,442; Glacier $500,
S35,537; Golden Valley (144), 3d.
279; Granite (29S), $19,O19;
Hill (1065), $7O,969; Jefferson
(443), $25,739; Judith Basin (223),
$14,663; Lake (1560), $87,503;
Lewis G. Clark (263D, $172,5O3;
Liberty (16O), 1851; Lincoln
$500, $53,118; McCone (237),
$16,19s; Madison (6O5), $33,32e;
Meagher (238), $13,956; Mineral
G98), $12,316;
Missoula (3593), $233,556; Mus
selshell (661), SAL, 249; Park (1104),
$65,049; Petroleum (93), $3.50;
(730), $44,757;
Pondera (543), $50, 4O7; Powder
River (17D, $10,487; Powell (567),
$36,814; Prairie (193), s11,266;
Ravalli (173O), $96,O13;
Richland (1050), $67,189; Roose-
velt (1011), $62,897; Rosebud (518),
$29,31O; Sanders (8O7), $45,935;
Sheridan (706), $49,475;
Silver Bow (5412), $389,916;
Saltwater (5s4), $33,728; Sweet
Grass (372), $21, 424; Teton $500,
SAL, $50; Toole (545), $38,571;
Treasure (12O), $721s; Valley
(968), $63,196; Wheatland (291),
S17,610; Wibaux (199), $12,3O5;
Yellowstone (5492), $35O,672.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12
State Boards
Continued From Page One)


lease by Board Chairman Dan Fulton
outlining the boards intention to tax
patronage refunds as Income" to
the coop, although such overpay-
ments at all times belonged to the
patron and in actuality, constituted
liability against the co-op.-HLB
Regulations interpreting and ap-
plying the changes in the Montana
Corporation License tax law made
by the 1861 Legislature have been
announced. Dan Fulton, chairman of
the board, said the regulations were
not yet complete, particularly with
regard to building and loan associa-
tons, but, when the board completes
it's study, further regulations would
be adopted for the guidance of these
corporate taxpayers.
He pointed out that the legislature
had discarded the obsolete concepts Of
income stemming from the original
act, which had existed virtually I'M
changed from 1917. In making these
changes, the legislature expanded
the definition of gross income for
Montana purposes by reference to
the federal concepts of gross income
to the degree not inconsistent with
Montana law, and enlarged the cover
age of the law to pick up certain
corporations which had formerly been
tax exempt, such as farm co-opera-
tives and building and loan associa-
tions.
The new regulations, which were
adopted by the board on May 2, 1861,
eliminate consideration of patronage
dividends generally as an item to be
considered in arriving at taxable in
come. This, Fulton said, is necessary
to put the co-operatives on the same
basis as any other corporate taxpayer
in accordance with the clear legisla-
tive intent. |
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12

| Montana's congressman, Arnolt
Olsen and James Battin, are establish.
ing a pattern of cancelling out each
others votes on most important is.
sues in the national House of Repre-
sentatives.
Twice last Wednesday the Cancel
out" occurred-on minimum wage
and pollution control legislation.
Minimum Wage: Would increase,
in two steps, the federal minimum
wage from $1.00 to $1.25 by 1868.
The bill assures pay raises for two
and one half million workers, and
extends the minimum to about 3d.
$4,000 others.
Chief beneficiaries are concen-
trated mostly in low-wage southern
states. Net effect, so far as northern
states are concerned is that the COM
petitive position of their industries
will be improved by further reduc-
tion in the wage differential between
northern and southern workers.
To Montana the principal i'm
pact will be in the logging lumber
industry with the southern advan-
tage due to lower wages being
mitigated to some extent by the
new law.
Olsen voted for passage; Battin,
against.
In the Senate, both Senators Mike
Mansfield and Lee Metcalf voted for
the improved minimum wage law.
The bill passed the House 230-196,
with 1877 Democrats joined by 33
for passage and So
Southern Democrats and Is Republi-
cans, against.
Pollution Control: House-sponsored
legislation to increase federal grant
funds for local matching purposes
from $50 million to 800 million,
passed the House overwhelmingly,
BOT to ITO, with several score of
Congressman joining the
Democrats in favor of passage. The
bill also would extend federal author
ity to cope with pollution to all
navigable streams and to coastal
waters, as well as streams whose pol
luton "endangers the health or well
fare of persons in state other than
hat in which the discharge origi-
hates :"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12
Olsen, Buttin Split on Minimum
Wage, Pollution Control Acts

/ The bill, HR GAL, if approved by
the Senate, will be a major step
toward realistic long-range pro-
gram to roll back the black tide of
sewage, industrial wastes and other
forms of pollution which currently
threaten almost the entire water sup
ply of the nation.
Olsen voted for passage of HR
6441, Battin, against.
OTHER VOTES
Unemployment Comp. Extension:
Olsen voted for legislation to enable
the states to continue jobless comp.
payments a maximum of 13 addi-
tional weeks above the state-set maxi
NUNS. This act, coupled with state
enabling legislation written into the
1861 Montana Unemployment Comp.
act revision by the Democratic state
Senate, over its two-year effective
period will, according to Montana
UCC Chairman Edgar Reeder, enable
jobless Montanans to draw approx
mately $1.8 million in additional
benefits. Reeder figures that the
acts additional 10 weeks will cost
Montana employers about 100000
-or-one will get you two for Mon
tana's hard-hit economy. Battin voted
against extension legislation.
Feed Grains: Emergency feed
grains legislation which will put thou
sands of extra dollars into the peck
cts of Montana farmers without any
cutback in acreage allotments, was
supported by Olsen, and opposed by
Battin.
Schools: Both congressman voted
for aiding schools in federally-im-
pacted areas, to the tune of $685.
506,119. The federal aid to educa-
ton is worth hundreds of thousands
of dollars to various Montana school
districts, including Great Falls, Glas-
gov, and other areas with heavy mill
tary concentrations, along with var
ious districts having Indian children,
federal developments such as up
coming Yellowtail and Libby, etc.
Social Security: Both Olsen and
Battin voted to iberalize the Social
Security Act, with higher benefits,
liberalized eligibility requirements
and permitting men the option of
retiring at age 62 with reduced bene-
fits.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12

HOW TO HANDLE CASTRO
This is city of changing moods
A few weeks ago nothing JFK could
do was wrong. Now nothing he can
do is right.
The very same people, newspaper
men included, who were talking of
the President as if he were Superman,
now write and talk as if he were a
political novice, too young and to-
tally unprepared for the job he holds.
The Cuban episode, of course,
marks the point of departure. Com
ing as it did towards the end of the
first 100 days, it unquestionably will
stand out as the wobbly beginning of
the new administration. All the high
hopes, fine speeches and lofty state
ments of intent fade into the back
ground.
The Communists feel they have
outmaneuvered the new President.
The Republicans feel he had got his
come-uppance. Those Democrats who
did not get the jobs they expected
now speak derisively of the Big
Brains at the White House who made
such mess of things.
To each of these factions, with
their private peeves, what has hap
pened may be satisfying. To those
who have no axes to grind, who still
believe Americas future lies ahead
not behind her, who want to see
democracy survive, Mr.. Kennedy's
tragedy is ours, too.
To read the newspapers these days,
and more particularly to hear the
talk along the cocktail circuit, the
"big problem" is what to do about |
JFK.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12


Many people seem to have forgot.
ten that it is Fidel Castro, not Ken
nedy, who poses the problem. The
Central Intelligence Agency may, or
may not, have bungled; but that
still does not solve our problem
which is: How do we extend democ-
racy in Latin America and incident
ally show up Communist Castroism?
These are, of course, two problems.
The first involves long-range plan
ming, support for Latin American
democrats (Munoz Marin, Betancourt
eft all and genuine concern for eco
nomic Improvement of the working
people.
The second, short-run problem, is
what to do about Castro?
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-05-12
THE NATURE OF THE AILMENT

Before doctor can prescribe q
remedy, he must diagnose what is
causing his patient to suffer.
What Cuba suffers from is this:
Castro has made the island Soviet
satellite.
The dictator is worried that the
opposition is stronger than anyone
admits; otherwise why no elections?
What pass for elections" are even
permitted behind the Iron Curtain.
The Cuban economy is falling
apart.
But the immediate problem derives
from the fact that Castro has run out
on his own revolution. He has not
"sold out" for the Lenin Peace prize.
He just lacks confidence in the demo-
cratic aims proclaimed by the 26th
of July movmeent.
Having turned on his own col
leagues and his own aims, he has
become more Communist than the
Communists. In Castro there is a
fierceness and a mildness that evil
0~hoiy oPliISo IIOil SICdtCI lIllCl
unhappiness and his movements are
those of frantic man.
When one becomes so frantic and
fanatic there is not much point in
trying to reason and negotiations are
Therefore it seems to me
that Americans are obliged to ask
themselves this question: will we con-
tinue to do everything in our power,
as people and as a government, to
help overthrow of the Castro regime?
It is hard question, but we must
face it.
For Cubans, Castroism has already
been bloody. He has tried to liquidate
he opposition by firing squads, yet
still keep appearing. 1T
will probably be bloodier. But how
IAN there be any new start in Latin
America until the Caribbean dictator
las been toppled?
The Nome nugget., 1961-05-26
COP Leaders Say JFK's
 Support for Prisoner Deal A Blow to US. Leadership

WASHINGTON R - Republi- can congressional leaders today called President Kennedy's SUD- port of the tractors-for- prisoners exchange another blow to our discriminating world leader ship"
 "The disastrous handling of the Cuban invasion has caused Amer iCa to suffer an enormous loss in prestige abroad" the COP lead CTS said in a statement.
 But now President Kennedy has compounded that loss by dis closing his official sponsorship of a so-called citizens movement for the American people to make blackmail payments to Fidel Castro"
 The statement, approved by a conference of Republican Senate and House leaders, was read to newsmen by Sen. Everett Dirksen, Senate COP leader.
 While number of Republicans, notably Sen. Homer Capehart have kept up a constant attack on Ken nedy's support for raising funds to buy tractors to ransom up wards of 1,200 Castro-held inva- sion prisoners, today's action was the first official party attack on it.
The Nome nugget., 1961-05-26
School Aid Bill Heads for Trouble In the House
By Joe Hall

WASHINGTON lR - President Kennedy's $255 billion public school aid bill, having vaulted the Senate handily, heads to- day into an expected bitter show down in the House.
 The Senate passed the measure last night 49 to 34, climaxing eight days of debate. It is one of the Big Five" bills in Kennedy's 1861 legislative program.
 It's supporters said today they expect the school bill will clear the House by a slim margin, al- though it may be trimmed before it passes.
 All in all, federal aid to edu- cation advocates believe this is the best chance they have ever had to get such legislation enacted.
 A similar bill has been ap- proved by the House Education and Labor committee. It may reach the floor in the week of June 4.
 Even if the bill gets through the House, its sponsors concede that the funds for teacher salaries provision may be knocked out
 The bill passed by the Senate authorized $850 million a year in grants for the next three years to try to help states equalize educa- tional opportunities
 It also extends for three years the impacted area program of aio to school districts with enroll. ments swollen because of nearby federal installations. Payments under this program next year are estimated at $10 million.
The Nome nugget., 1961-05-26
Six Italians to Scale Mt. Mckinley

LECCO, Italy LR - Six skilled Italian Alpinists will try next month to climb 20,230-foot Mt. Mckinley, highest mountain in North America.
 The Italian expedition, organ ized by the Italian Alpine Club of this north Italian town. will be headed by Ricardo Cassin, 53- year-old veteran Alpinist who guided an Italian climb of the Gasherbrun " peak in the Hima- layas a few years ago.
 Because of his age, Cassin did not arrive at the top of the Hima- layan peak and probably will not reach the top of Mt. Mckinley
 His party includes: Luigi Airol- di, mechanic; Luigi Alippi, keep CT of an Alpine hut; Jack Canali, office worker; Romano Perego, factory workman, and Annibale Zucchi, mechanic, all in their 2O's.
The Nome nugget., 1961-05-26
New Mining Law
 Allows No Limit on Stalking Placer Claims

Chapters 73 and 123, SLA 1861, are the new mining laws passed by the recent Legislature and signed by Gov. Egan. Chapter 73 repealed the law which limited the stalking of placer claims for precious metals on federal pub lie domain to two per month per recording district. There is now no limit on the stalking of placer claims, so long as legal require ments are met.
 Tidelands, submerged lands, and inland navigable waters are owned by the state. Claims may be staked on tidelands and inland navigable water bottoms, but submerged lands (offshore) must be leased The lease rental for submerged lands is $1.00 per acre, but as with other mining leases, the cost development work may be credited against the rent al. Surface uses of mining proper ties will be limited to those neces- sary for prospecting and mining. Claims may be converted to leases at any time