davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Kennedy
Is T ribe
Member
BY MOHAMMED H. RAUF, JR,
Star staff Writer

Star staff Writer
The Zuni Indians of New
Mexico have decided to ap-
point President Kennedy an
honorary member Of the
tribe.
They also have conferred
upon him the title Of "a
chi va la to = pa"
which means "a very wise,
powerful and prominent be-
ing"
Mrs. Clara B. Gonzales,
educational supervisor of the
Zuni settlement, presented
the President today with a
certificate conferring upon
him the title and >'the rights
and privileges" Of q COVER
nor "as long as the green
grass grows, and the rivers
flow"
The title is derived from
the name of a Zuni myth
cal hero with wings, who was
supposed to hover over the
tribe and protect 1t from all
evil.
A Gift
Gifts that will go with the
certificate include q bolo tie,
with q figure of the hero
done in turquoise shells In
laid in silver.
Mrs. Gonzales, an employe
Of the Bureau Of Indian
Affairs, Department Of In
terror, has been with the
Zunis for more than 80
years, supervising the educa-
ton and general uplift of the
1900 members of the tribe.
: Called "tsita" or mother
by the Zunis, the hazel-eyed
educator will be the recipi-
ent today Of a Career Service
Award of the National Civil
Service League for "compe-
tence, character and out
standing achievements" in
the discharge of her duties.
She is the only woman
among ten recipients this
year of the award. Included
IN the list is John D. Jerne-
gan, United States Ambas-
sador in IraQ.
The Louisiana-born Mrs.
Gonzales Is credited with in
shutting almost 100 per cent
literacy among the Zunis,
and also stimulating q desire
for higher education among
the younger generation.
Mrs. Gonzales, who is q
member of the New Mexico
Education Association and
the American Association Of
School Administrators, said
that the urge for college ed
ucation is equally strong
among the Zuni women.
She cited the case of young
Carmelita Allapowa, one Of
the first women to graduate
in nursing from the Univer-
sity of New Mexico.
Mrs. Gonzales said that
the tribe is being modernized
at a very fast pace.
Until recently 1t had q
inatriarchal system of society.
This meant that when q man
married. it was he who went
to live with the brides family,
until the couple had their
own house. Also, the children
bore the name of the wife's
people.
But now, said the educator,
the children are given the
fathers name, and other
facets Of a matriarchal Soc
siety are breaking down.
Marriage. is not q question
now of selection by the par
ents. The custom of dating
has become fully established.
The younger generation
speaks English, dresses in
western clothes, drives auto
mobiles and dances rock n
froll and is as impatient to
sget ahead as young people in
sother parts of the country.
4 The tribe has made a name
for itself in jewelry-making,
Mrs. Gonzales displayed a
squah-blossom, silver tur-
fquoise necklace she was wear
ing, and said it sells for about
s$75.
Other handmade jewelry
includes bracelets, belts,
swatch-chains, brooches and
enins
Evening star., 1961-11-12
q ROUTE 66.

Adventure - Hour Buz and Tod George
Mahars and Martin MiIner) try to help
a woman nina Foch) who teeters on the
brink of instability after she is released
from a mental hospital.
Evening star., 1961-03-07
X-15 Rocket Ship
Sets Speed Mark
Of 1850 M.P.H.

EDWARDS AIR FORCE
BASE. Calf, Mar. 7 (AP).-
A chameleon-nosed Kills rocket
ship flew a record speed Of
1850 miles an hour today in a
paint = scorching warmup for
ringe-of-space flights later this
year.
Air Force Maj. Bob White,
hurled across the desert sky by
the mightieSt engine man has
yet flown. topped by 375 miles
an hour his own mark of 2,275
miles an hour set February z
in an Kills with a smaller
power plant.
A heat-indicating paint
turned the KISS nose from
green to blue, yellow, black,
then brown as air-friction tenn.
peratures mounted toward an
expected record TOO degrees.
The giant engine, believed
capable of 1000 miles an hour
and attitudes up to 100 miles,
was throttled down today to
about two-thirds of its MAXI
mum 57,000-pound thrust.
In open-throttle flights
planned soon, nose tempera-
tures are likely to go to 1900
degrees or higher.
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Day Will Ask Congress
For Scent Letter Rate

CHICAGO, Mar. 7 (AP).-
Postmaster General j. Edward
Day said today his department
will ask Congress to boost first
class mail rates from the pres
ent 4 cents to S cents and air.
mail rates from the present Z
cents to 8 cents.
He said the department also
will seek higher rates for Sec
ond and third class mail and
for parcel post.
The Eisenhower budget
called for an increase in postal
rates and President Kennedy
has indicated his approval.
Mr.. Day told a news confer
ence there is an estimated gap
Of 5000 million between income
and operating expenses in the
Post office Department.
The Postmaster General said
he personally favors the higher
rates. He said he took that
position when President Ken
nedy indicated his approval
before his Inauguration.
Mr.. Day said the proposed
increase may not come this
year, because of extensive
hearings in Congress.
There is a great difference
Of opinion in Congress about
postal rates and it will take a
Evening star., 1961-03-07

great deal of effort on our part
to achieve the increases" he
said.
Mr.. Day estimated the pro-
posed increase in first class
mail and airmail rates would
bring in an additional $430
million annually.
He also said the department
is studying the possibility OF
returning to twice-a-day home
mail deliveries, but said nc
decision has been made. This
extra service, he said, would
cost an additional $176 million
a year.
Mr.. Day said the department
is dropping entirely the fac
simile speed mail program on
which $4.5 million has been
spent for research. He said the
Defense Department could
benefit, however, from the re-
search on sending mail by
wires.
The Postmaster General, who
is touring post offices in larger
cities, said that while President
Kennedy has indicated ap-
proval Of rate increases, he
hopes to cut some $12 million
from the Eisenhower budget
proposal for post office opera
tions.
Evening star., 1961-03-07

Now that a temporary respite
from the crisis has been
achieved, he said, the United
States must press on with
more fundamental measures. "
S3.8 Billion Last Year
The United States has a
deficit in its balance of pay
ments because it spends, lends,
invests and gives away more
money abroad than it receives
from foreign sources. This
deficit totaled $3.8 billion last
year. Some of the deficit is
settled through sale of gold to
foreigners from Government
reserves. Heavy losses of gold
have shaken confidence in the
soundness of the dollar.
Increased exports are fuida-
mental to solving the problem,
Mr.. Dillon said, so it is essential
for American industry to be
strong and competitive. One
way to achieve this goal, he
said, is to avoid excessive
profits and wages.
International cooperation is
See ECONOMICS, Page Az
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Khrushchev to Receive
U. S. Envoy in Siberia

Gates the Importance which he
attaches to the Kennedy mes.
sage.
The note expresses hope fol
better understanding between
the United States and the So
Wet Union, but details have
not been disclosed.
Mr.. Thompson flew back to
Moscow late last month with
the message after consulta-
tions in Washington with Mr.
Kennedy and the State De-
partment. But Mr.. Khrushchev
had already left on his agri-
cultural tour.
Sought Appointment
Mr.. Thompson asked Foreign
Minister Andrei Gromyko last
Thursday for an appointment
with Mr.. Khrushchev and told
reporters it was urgent for him
to see the Soviet Premier.
He said he would go any
where at any time at Mr.
Khrushchev's convenience"
He said the reason was that
diplomatic news ages so rap
idly and it was already so
many days since his last talk
with the President.
Within the past "a hours,
the Soviet Union has called for
an easing of cold war issues
in the United Nations and Mr..
See KHRUSHCHEv, Page A-6
Evening star., 1961-03-07
ennessee
Rutifies
D. G. Vote

A milestone in the drive fol
ratification of the District vote
amendment was passed last
night when Tennessee ap-
proved the measure.
With a 55-to-16 vote in the
House, Tennessee became the
first Southern State to ratify
the constitutional amendment
granting District citizens a vote
for President and Vice Presi-
dent. The Senate had passed
it several weeks ago.
The amendment moved aheac
today with approval by tht
Missouri House, 88 to 43, anc
the Illinois House. SO to SO. i
now goes to the Senate in each
State.
Suffrage supporters here be-
lieve approval by Tennessee
may influence North Carolina
Texas and Florida toward rati-
fication.
Tennessee is the 26th State
to ratify. Twelve more must
approve before the amendment
becomes law.
Earlier, the Tennessee House
Finance Ways and Means Com.
mittee had tabled the ratifica.
ton resolution. A week ago
however, the group reversed its
decision after Gov. Buford Ell.
lington and Democratic leaders
cleared up what they termed 6
misunderstanding" of COM
mittee members.
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Morse DELAYS
MeriiWether
Writes Hoover
For FBI Report
BY ]. A. O'LEARY
Star staff Writer

AS the Senate prepared to
start debate on the appoint
ment of Charles M. Meriwether
to be a director of the Export
Import Bank. Senator Morse
Democrat Of Oregon, indicated
he would try to prevent a vote
on the nomination today.
Senator Morse informed
President Kennedy of his oppo-
sition to the appointment in
a letter yesterday. The Senator
revealed today that he also
had written FBI Director j.
Edgar Hoover requesting the
FBI report on Mr.. Meriwether
to see what light it sheds on
his qualifications for the ap-
pointment.
In his letter to Mr.. Kennedy,
the Senator asked the Presi-
dent to instruct Mr.. Hoover to
comply with his request. In
the past the FBI has been re-
luctant to disclose it's reports.
Morse Sees Delay
Asked if he thought the Sen
ate would settle the issue today
Senator Morse replied:
Il doubt it very much-I feel
pretty good"
In the past Senator Morse
has demonstrated his ability to
hold the floor and delay Senate
action when he likes. Asked if
reporters could infer that he
would like to delay the vote
until the President answers his
letter, the Senator said it should
be delayed until the Senate has
time to reflect on this nomi-
nation"
A group of liberals in both
parties is opposing Mr.. Meri-
wether on the ground that in
Alabama politics he has associ-
See MERIWETHER. Page AS
Evening star., 1961-03-07

to 1881 ,831 last year, a rise OF
about Is per cent.
The rate Of increase for the
country as a whole in the last
decade was less than 20 per
cent. Negroes now make up
10.5 per cent of the country's
population. In 1850, they to-
tailed 10 per cent.
What was most striking to
the Census officials, however
was the sharp increase in the
number of Negroes leaving the
South, especially the deep
South.
10000 Quit Mississippi
Mississippi, for instance, lost
10000 Negroes, and Arkansas,
$4,000. This was due, in part
at least, to increased tensions
in some of these areas, and
lack of job opportunities, Off
cials feel.
Other Southern States regis
tered small percentage gains
in the number Of Negroes, but
these were well below the ma
tional average. Thus while
Georgia, with it's 1,122,59e
Negroes, contains the larges;
nonwhite population, in the
South it registered only a sc
increase.
| At one time, almost all
Negroes lived in the South, but
since the turn of the century
there has been a gradual ex-
odus. In 1900, for instance,
80 per cent of all Negroes lived
below the Mason-Dixon line;
last year. about go per cent.
47T Increase Here
The usual centers Of migra-
tion showed sharp percentage
increases since 1850, the figure
Evening star., 1961-03-07

expects to eliminate the deficit
in the United States balance of
payments within two years.
Discussing the domestic econ
omy, Mr.. Dillon warned the
committee to expect a deficit
in the Federal budget for fiscal
1862.
Gold Outflow Slackened
He said the deficit should be
welcomed as an aid to pulling
the Nation out of the recession
and spurring economic growth,
not feared as an inflationary
force.
Mr.. Dillon said world reac-
ton to President Kennedy's
program to end deficits in the
balance of payments has been
very favorable"
He said the outflow of gold
and dollars from the United
States has slackened decidedly,
and added that some of the
speculative money that went
abroad last fall is starting to
return.
All this, he testified, is evil
dence that "the world believes
that we mean what we say
about defending the dollar.
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Peter ToWnsends
Expecting Child

LONDON, Mar. 7 (AP).-
Peter Townsend and the Bel
gian girl he married after
Princess Margaret said no are
expecting their first child early
this summer.
Mr.. Townsend, As; has two
sons by his first marriage. He
and his 21-year-old wife,
Marie-Luce. make their home
in Paris, where he buys wines
for an American firm.
Evening star., 1961-03-07

MOSCOW, Mar. 7 (AP).-
Premier Khrushchev today in
vited United States Ambassador
Llewellyn Thompson to meet
him in Siberia tomorrow to de-
liver a personal message from
President Kennedy.
Embassy sources said Mr..
Thompson will fly to Siberia at
noon tomorrow but declined to
disclose his exact destination.
1t is assumed he will meet
the Soviet Premier in Novo-
sibirsk for exploratory talks on
improving Soviet-American re-
lationS. This is where Mr.
KhruShchev has been busy with
an agricultural meeting. 1t is
the same town that former Vice
President Nixon toured two
years ago.
Importance Indicated
This is the first time an
American Ambassador has
made such a trip to see any
Soviet leader. 1t also is the
first time that any foreign
envoy has. met Mr.. Khrushchev
outside of Moscow except when
they have visited him at one
of his holiday homes.
The fact that Mr.. Khru-
shchev has invited Mr.. Thomp-
son to see him in the midst
of a busy tour dominated by
domestic farm problems indi-
Evening star., 1961-03-07
More U.N. Troops
Move y p in Congo
Sudan Quits
In Row Over
Port Battle

LEOPOLDVILLE, the Congo,
Mar. Z -Reinforcements
for the United Nations garrison
began arriving in Leopoldville
today after Sudanese U. N,
troops in a humiliating defeat
were forced out of the vital
port of Matadi by the Congo
lese army.
Arrival Of the troops COIN
cided with Sudan's announce
ment that it is withdrawing it's
400 men from the U. N. force
in the Congo. Sudanese Presi-
dent Ibrahim Abboud accused
the U. N. command of care
lessly deploying the Sudanese
contingent at Matadi and fail
ing to provide proper reinforce
ments for the outnumbered
garrison.
The United Nations is trying
to negotiate its way back into
the port city down the, Congo
River, and the reinforcements
bolstered its negotiating posi-,
ton.
Planeloads of Moroccan SOL
diers from Katanga Province
were the first to arrive in Leo
poldville. Emergency arrange
ments were made to airlift 900
soldiers from Tunisia to the
Congo tomorrow. A U. N.
spokesman said the vanguard
of 5000 troops India is sending
probably will arrive within a
week.
Congo Show of Force
The United Nations called up
its reinforcements after a week
end of bitter street fighting be-
tween U. N. and CongoleSe
troops in Matadi ended with
the surrender of the 135-man
Sudanese garrison Sunday.
The victory represented q
show of strength by the Con-
goleSe Army and a warning Of
the difficulty faced by the
United Nations if it decides to
try to disarm Congolese troops.
A U. N. spokesman reiterated
the United Nations intention
to put its soldiers back into
Matadi.
1--WE certainly need REIN
forcementS but we are not using
any threats in our negotiations
with the Congolese authorities"
he asserted.
He said that the only U. N.
reinforcementS sent to the area
so far have been a company of
1ndonesian soldiers. They flew
to the coastal base of Kitona
during the week end. Kitona
is 60 miles from Matadi.
Dayal Delays
RajeSwar Dayal, chief of the
U. N. Congo operation, post
poned a flight to New York for
consultations with Secretary
General Dag Hammarskjold be-
See CONGO, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-03-07
DC. BUILDING
FIunks New
Fire Code
BY CHARLES d. PIERCE
star Staff Writer

The District Building does
not comply with the fire safety
standards in the new building
code the District itself is pre-
pairing to enforce.
A fire official, who declined
to be identified, today said in
referring to the open stairwell
in the five-story building at
Fourteenth and e streets NV:
The Commissioners are sit
ting on top of a five-story
flue."
The new building code re-
quires that stairwells like the
one in the District Building
must be inclosed.
The District Building also
has a pair of elevators. How
ever, elevators are not consid- =
cred a satisfactory means of
escape from fire under the new
code because the power system
could easily be burned out.
r. D. Kinney, deputy direc-
tor Of the Department of Iii
cenSes and Inspections, con-
ceded when questioned that the
District Building does not COM
ply with the new 1861 code.
He said the reason nothing
has been done so far about
making the building comply is
that notices are being served
first on buildings with a higher
priority, such as institutions
nursing homes and schools.
When we reach the category
of office buildings" Mr.. Kinney
said. I'VE will send the Com
missioners a notice advising
them that the building does not
comply with the means-of-
egress section of the code"
Mr.. Kinney said the District
Building is largely fire resistant
However. some fire officials
are concerned about what they
feel is the lack of a suitable
means Of exit from the nearly
60-year-old building. which
houses approximately 900 en-
ployes.
All three District Commits
sioners have offices on the fifth
floor Of the District Building.
Evening star., 1961-03-07

show. The District registered
a 47.4 per cent increase from
280 1903 to 411,737, while larger
Northern States had even
larger increases.
New York, with its Harlem
became the most populouS
Negro State in the country
with 1.417,511 Negroes, an in
crease of 81 per cent over 1850
Georgia formerly was first
New Jersey registered a 81 per
cent increase. to 514,875.
Pennsylvania. with a large
Negro population in Philadel-
phia, had 852,750 Negroes, a SO
per cent rise.
In the East, some areas
which formerly had few Ne
gro residents showed signifi-
cant increases. Connecticut, fol
instance, had a 101 per cent
rise to 107,449.
Census figures show that
many Negroes, like others. went
West looking for jobs in the
1950S. California had a tre-
mendous increase from 462,172
in 1850 to 883,861, roughly a
81 per cent rise.
Big Rise in Chicago
Illinois, according to cen.
sus experts, had a great influx
during the 1950s, because of 6
demand for workers in the Chi
cago area. From 645, $50 ir
1850, the figure rose to 1887.
470.
A surprising increase was
shown in Florida. Officials
stated that because of a more
liberal attitude toward Negroes
especially in the Miami area
See CENSUS, Page At
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Two Confess Peugeot Kidnapping;
Beauty Queen, Stnpper Also Held

ANNECY, France, Mar. 7
(AP).-Police said today that
a former paratrooper and an
accomplice with a police record
have confessed to the kidnapping
last year of 4-year-old auto
heir Eric Peugeot.
After 48 hours Of question:
ing, police said the pair had
admitted participating in the
kidnapping last April IL which
netted so million francs ($100.-
0O0) ransom. The blond young
ster of auto magnate Roland
Peugeot was returned un-
harmed.
The two men who were re-
ported to have confessed were
identified as Raymond ROLAND,
also known as Roland de Beau
fort, and Pierre Larcher, known
in some quarters Of Paris as
H a n d some Serge" (Beau
Serge).
They were picked up two
days ago along with another
man and three women, includ-
ing a Danish beauty queen and
a Eurasian striptease artist,
known as Mitsouko. All had
been on a ski vacation at
Megeve.
Police said the Danish
beauty, Lise Bodin, MitSouko
and the third man picked up
would be taken to Paris with
ROLAND and Larcher for fur
ther questioning. The third
woman-Who has not. been
identified-was not mentioned
by police.
The three couples had been
staying in a luxurious eight
See PEUGEOT, Page A-6
Evening star., 1961-03-07
KennedYActs
To End Bias
In j. ). Hirinq
New Unit Is Able
To End Contracts;
Headed by Johnson
BY DAVID S. BRODER
Star Staff Writer


Those who control the hiring
and firing of workers in Gov
ernment agencies and in COM
panies having Government con-
tracts are on notice today from
President Kennedy that job
discrimination must stop.
In a strongly worded execu-
tive order issued last night,
the President invested a single,
new agency with power ito in
sure that Americans of all COL
orS and beliefs will have equal
access to employment within
the Government and with those
who do business with the Gov
ernment."
No New Legislation
Mr.. Kennedy's first civil
rights move requires no new
legislative authority. He has
said he is contemplating SINH
lar directiveS in the housing
and education fields.
Vice President Lyndon B.
johnson, named chairman of
the Presidents new Committee
on Equal Job Opportunity,
pledged to "uSe all possible
means to achieve the objectives
sought "
Although the committee is
armed for the first time with
authority to cancel contracts
of firms which discriminate
against certain workers, the
Vice President said: This is
not a prosecuting committee
or a prosecuting committee.
In most cases, we believe and
hope the situation can be
Strengthened out through per-
suasion and appeals to
good will"
90-Day Study
Mr.. Kennedy ordered a COM
plete study Of current Govern
ment employment practices
including reports on the status
of minority group members in
every department, agency and
office - completed within 80
days. Specific steps to carry
out the nondiscrimination pol
icy are to be submitted at that
time, too.
Administration sources said
the President has emphasized
his seriousness Of purpose in
this field at cabinet meetings
and in private conversations
with department heads many
times since he took office.
They predicted today that
strong efforts will be made to
establish the Federal civil serv-
ice as a showcase" of nom
discrimination.
The new johnson commit
tee replaces two separate units
created by former President
Eisenhower. One dealt with job
discrimination in Government
and the other, headed by for
See RIGHTS, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-03-07
YELLOW PERCH
ARE BITING

AT ALIENS FRESH, on the heod-
voters Of the Wieomieo River, perch
ore biting. The Stor's outdoor editor,
ChorIeS CoveIl, describes the Iote-
winter fishing on Pose Ais.
Evening star., 1961-03-07
U. S. Negro Population
Outgoins Other Races
Census Notes Exodus From South;
D. c. Gain Is 47% in 10 Years
BY BERNARD GWERTZMAN
Star Staff Writer

The number of Negroes in the United States increasing
faster than the rest of the population and they leaving
the South in growing numbers Census Bureau survey
shows.
According to statistics released today the Negro popua
ton in the United States increased from in 1850
Evening star., 1961-03-07
Dillon Predicts U Pturn
In ApriI-June Quarter
Secretary Also Sees End to Deficit
In Balance of Payments Within Years
By LEE M. COIN
Star Staff Writer

Treasury Secretary Dillon today predicted the economy
will start recovering from the recession during the ApJune
quarter with the upurn continuing through this
He also told the SenateH House Economic Committee the
Kennedy administration has made good start in its
pagn to strengthen world confidence in the dollar and
Evening star., 1961-03-07
TILE AEEATuED, Full Report
I'LL "IAI"IN' on Pase Az

District and vicinity-Partly cloudy, cooler
tonight. low about AZ. Cloudy. cooler to-
morrow, possible rain. High and low Of last
"a hours: High, 81, at 3 pm. yesterday;
low, 49, at 6 an today.