davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-04-01
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Bolivia Has VWidIy CoIored Lakes
By THOMAS R. HENRY

There are flaming red and
emerald-green lakes.
They are the striking fea-
lures of a desolate and rain
less 5000 square miles of deS-
ert at an altitude of about
$4,000 feet. roadless, inhab-
tied only by a few primitive
Indians, lone of the most
remote and inhoSpitable re-
gions of the world"
Such is the Bolivian prov
ince of Sud LipeZ, in the
corner where Bolivia, Argen-
tina and Chile meet.
The strange land is de-
scribed by William E. Ru-
dolph, former chief engineer
of the Chile Exploration Co..
in the Explorers Journal, of
ficial organ Of the Explorers
Club.
The flaming red lake, he
says, looks more like a painted
scene than anything real.
Water which he took for an
alysis a few years ago has a
bright pink color, due to vast
numbers of infiniteSimally
minute organisms.
Fed by Springs
This lake is at an altitude
of $4,000 feet and has no
outlet. 1t is fed by springs.
This Laguna Colorado is
about four miles in both
length and breadth. The water
near the shores is drinkable.
That in the center is so
brackish. due to high con-
centration, that salt cannot
pe TAKEN ulUO SOluClOn.
There are several other red
lakes in the province, the
report says. One Laguna
Verde, is emerald green, also
due to vast numbers Of mi
mute organisms. The lakes are
frequented by rare species of
flamingos whose eggs are
food for the few Indian in
habitantS of the area.
y y y
New and fantastic means
for propulsion of vehicles in
space, or at extreme attitudes
in the earth's atmosphere,
now are under consideration.
Evening star., 1961-04-01

Some of them were out
lined by Maj. Gen. Don Os-
trander. director of the
vehicle launching program of
the National Aeronautics and
Space Agency, during a re-
cent conference of the South
west Research Institute at
San Antonio, Texas.
First is a solar sailing ship
propelled by the slight but
measurable light pressure
from the sun. This pressure
has significantly altered the
course Of the Echo satellite.
Another was use of the
earth'S high atmosphere as
a propellant. The collected
air might be used as an oxi-
dant. or as working fluid in
an electrical engine. Gen. Os-
trander, however, admitted a
quite serious engineering
problem-reduction of the
weight Of such a system from
the thousands of tons now
required to accomplish this
energy conversion.
Other Projects
Other projects include con-
trolled detonation of nuclear
bombs in space for, propul-
sion purposes.
At this meeting DR.. John c.
Cook of the Institute staff
discussed possible means of
overcoming gravity. One pos
sibility is the use Of electro
static lift, in which both the
space ship and the planet
surface would have large
electric charges Of like sign
both negative or both posi-
tive, This would result in
a repulsion force which would
overcome mutual gravita-
tional attraction between
them.
Another hypothetical dis
cusSion was on anti-gravity.
Anti-matter particles are
thought to exist on a sub
atomic level and there are
theories that this anti-mat-
ter is the basic substance of
some of the galaxies. If one
could isolate such a material
in quantity it could be used
to overcome gravity.
Evening star., 1961-04-01

ematics, and language, for de-
fenSe. The act was passed
permitting loans to buy the
needed equipment, and funds
to do the teaching in these
subjects only. Maybe the act
was illegal, even If it were
passed as a defense measure.
The courts were never asked
to pass on it.
The lunch fund is not a
gift to the school, but to the
pupil not as Protestant, or
Catholic-but as a child.
If a Catholic school gets
public funds. it cannot be
segregated by creed. Nom
Catholics can go into court
and demand admission-all
because it gets public funds.
The school cannot continue
to teach religion, as it has
the nature Of a public school.
and religion cannot be taught
in public schools.
A taxpayer cannot be forced
to help pay for public schools
open to all people. and also
support parochial schools
open to a special church
group. and especially when
his own child is not permitted
to attend the school. If it
gets public support, it is in
part a public school, and sub
ject to the control of admis-
sion by non-Catholics, and
also of no religious teaching.
This is the constitutional
principle involved, our at
torney says after thorough
study.
Colin Miller,
Washington representative,
Evening star., 1961-04-01
Civil War Centennial

We are shedding crocodile
tears for the poor and un-
employed among us and
making ourselves ridiculous
in the eyes of the world. No
wonder Uncle Sam has often
been called Uncle Sap!
In connection with the
Civil War centennial, a
nearby town is planning to
spend 100000 on a project
commemorating a battle in
its midst. However, there is
to be a profit and loss ele-
ment involved, in that tickets
will be sold for the show"
with the obvious hope Of
making a net profit!
Now then, 100000 is an
astronomical sum to be spent
on such shenanigans, and
100000 would buy a heck Of
a lot of bread, beans, and
beef-SteW as we'll as boots
and shoes for the needy any,
where and everywhere. I can
see no possible good to result
from such a project to me-
morialize armies shooting at
each other, with consequent
bloodshed, manned bodies,
widows and war orphans,
with miscellaneous heart
breaks and suffering, to say
nothing of the monumental
pensions paid out over many
years, all of which is a bur
den on the taxpayers. 1t is
best to forget such catastro-
phes and not try to CONNER
cialize on tragedy.
There even now exists a
lot of subrosa friction be-
tween North and South, so
let's not stress it by spending
vast sums on childish pa
rades and fireworks to per-
petuate it.
Lillian Sinclair Large
&&&
Why is there so much
pomp and ceremony in COM
memorating, through costly
re-enactmentS, the poignant
story of the Civil War?
We remember with SYM
pathy and reverence the
heavily ladened heart OF
Robert E. Lee as he strug-
gled to align himself with
his country and at the same
time tried to pacify his So
cial heritage. Would men like
Lee, whom the re-enactments
are supposed to aggrandize
fill with pride at the sight OF
thousands of flag-waving
spectators clarifying in the
resurrection of blatant stu
pidity?
While many people on
State. county and city levels
would unceremoniously &C
cept enough bread for their
tables, our forebears, long
deceased. are the recipients
Of this intangible hurrah
which enShroudS honor.
These costly observances
burden finances in various
Jurisdictions, exhume the
memory of our blighted past
and tend to thicken animos-
ity in the already existing
dichotomy.
This is a Christian Nation
and l submit that perhaps
a moment of silent prayer ir
observance Of the Civil Wal
anniversary would be less ex-
pensive and far more honor
able.
EairfaY Cnnnfian n
Evening star., 1961-04-01
No Use Looking-It's Not q Joke
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS ore subject to condenSd-
tion. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tUhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-04-01
THE POLITICAL MILL
D. c. Crossing an Old Frontier
BY GOULD LINCOLN

expenditures for the govern
ment of the District. Condi-
tionS have changed as the
population of the District
has grown in size. But the
wisdom of a return to such
a system remains very much
in doubt. 1t is contended
that Congress, by reserving
a veto right over any law
passed by local legislature
will continue its control over
the National Capital.
The dual personality of
the District of Columbia,
which would be brought
about by the adoption Of the
home rule system, could be
the cause of much trouble, e.
much litigation. The COM
mission form of government
has been criticized on the
ground that local people
have not been able to enforce
their demands and views on
the Commissioners; that if
these officials were elected
by popular vote, they would
be much more responsive. On
the other hand, the National
Capital might become a po-
litical cockpit such as Con-
greSs might regret. 1t is a
fact, too, that the District of
Columbia under its present
form of government has
been free of scandals which
have periodically plagued the
people of other great cities /,
in the United States.
Big Landowner
The Federal Government
is a tremendous landowner
in the National Capital. 1t is
estimated that it has title
now to something between a
third and a fourth of the
entire acreage of the District.
The value of its holdings,
including the Government
buildings, has been estimated
at S746 million. This estimate
covers 2,269 buildings, rang
ing from the Capitol and the
White House on down the
line, and also 1922 acres of
land. The Federal Govern
ment's holdings here are
constantly increasing, too.
Obviously the Congress is
not likely to relinquish its
constitutional rights in the
Capital City. On the other
hand, Congress has it's re-
sponsibilities to pay a fair
share Of the expenses of the
District, including those for
police protection, fire pro-
lection, and other services.
But for years there has been
a running fight between
those who control Congress
and the people of the Dis
trict over what constitutes
a fair share. Too often, the
Congress has been niggardly,
while taxes have continued
to increase in the District.
A voice and a vote in Con-
greSS, itself, would go a long
way toward obtaining justice
for the District. The home
rule proposition, on the
other hand, might provide
Congress and the Federal
Government with a further
excuse to say: Let the resi-
dents of the District do 1t
all"
Congress is now tackling
the enactment of an election
law, providing for the choice
of three members Of the
Electoral College in 1864 and
every four years thereafter.
While the population of the
District according to the 1860
census is 763,956, it is ex-
timated $4,000 are of voting
age-21 years and over. A
large number of these retain
voting residences in the
States, while here working
for the Government. So the
prospects are that from 200,-
900 to 250,00O residents will
vote in the next presidential
election, depending in part
on how seriously the people
take their new responsibility.
Evening star., 1961-04-01

The people OF the District
of Columbia are finally
crossing an Old Frontier
the right to vote for Presi-
dent and Vice President. This
is a right granted to the
people of each and every
State of the Union. but
which has been denied resi-
dents of the District ever
since the Federal Govern
ment took the area over. The
Twenty Third Amendment to
the Constitution, now rati-
fled by the States, while it
does this justice to the
people here, has not changed
the status of the District. 1t
is still not a State. 1t is still
a Federal district, and the
Constitution still says the
Congress is ito exercise ex-
elusive legislation in all cases
whatsoever over such district
(not exceeding 10 miles
square) as may, by the
cession of particular States,
and the acceptance of Con-
gress. become the seat of the
Government of the United
States"
Debate over who shall
make the laws, including tax
laws, for the District of Co.
lumbia still continues. At
present, it does not appear
Congress will relinquish it's
exclusive authority to make
the laws governing the
National Capital. The fact
remains, however, that the
people Of the Capital City
should have a voice and a
vote in the Congress which
makes these laws. This, how
ever, the Congress was un-
willing to grant the residents
of the District when it sub
mitted the constitutional
amendment to the States for
ratification, Notwithstanding
the injustice of it's position.
The late Theodore w. Noyes,
editor of The Washington
Evening Star, who launched
and for years fought for
national representation" for
the people Of the District
now fortunately won in part
always stressed the right
of the people to have voice
and vote in the Congress
Whether it will ever get
around to that remains to
be seen. For more than
three-quarters Of a century
it appeared the people of the
Capital City would never be
granted the right to vote fol-
the Chief Executive of the
United States-who also is
the Chief Executive, the
Chief Magistrate of the Dis
trict of Columbia. To this
degree, the citizens of the
District will now have a voice
and vote in "home rule"
MayOral System Dropped
The President, under the
existing system, appoints the
Board of District Commits
Sioners and delegates to the
board executive authority ir
the area. The board members
must be confirmed in then
appointment by the Senate
The commission form o1
government has been q sue.
cess on the whole. There
have been, and continue tc
be, demands that a home
rule" law be enacted-by
Congress-providing for the
election of officers in the
District. and for a loca
legislative body. Such a Law
would call for delegation by
Congress Of its exclusive
right to make all the laws
governing the National Capi.
tai. 1t is contended this car
be done, and indeed. year!
ago there was a local legis.
lature and a Mayor of Wash.
ington. In the end, thu
system was junked because
it did not work we'll anc
because it became neceSSar,
for the Federal Government
to make its contribution t(
Evening star., 1961-04-01
Frank Mitchell
Press Officer,
British Embassy.

Editors note: The AsSo-
ciated Press reported Brit
ish security agents at the
trial said members Of the spy
ring were arrested with nu-
clear submarine blueprintS
given to the Royal Navy by
the United States. They i'm
piled this information never
got to Moscow
Evening star., 1961-04-01
British Spy Case

In your editorial column
on March 81, you discussed
the recent espionage trial in
London under the heading
Spy Cases United Ends"
You stated in it that the
testimony revealed that sec
ret drawings on one of Amer
ica'S newest submarines were
transmitted to Moscow"
I have been authorized to
state that there is no evi-
dence whatever that drawings
of an American submarine
or, indeed, of any item of
United States origin, were
compromised. The establish
ment at which the two Ad-
miralty clerks. who have been
tried and convicted, we're en-
ployed had no concern what
soever with nuclear weapons
or nuclear propulsion.
In this connection, I should
like to quote the following
extract from a statement
which Mr.. Harold Macmillan,
the Prime Minister of Great
Britain, made in the House
of Commons on March %:
Il think l should add in
view of statements that have
been made that while it is
clearly not in the public in
tereSt to reveal the amount
Of the damage done there is
no evidence to suggest that
the information compromised
covered more than a rela-
lively limited sector Of the
whole field of British naval
weapons. There is no ground
to suppose that any infor-
nation belonging to the
United States of America or
other NATO countries was
compromised, there is no pos
sibility of information con-
nected with nuclear research
and development or informa-
ton concerning nuclear
weapons or nuclear propul-
sion having been betrayed by
these spies"
The Prime Minister also
said on this occasion:
Il have seen certain rum
ours. For instance, it was
suggested that plans of sub
marine 'Dreadnought' were
disclosed. This is not true.
The only drawings which
could possibly have been con-
nected with 'Dreadnought'
at the research establishment
at Portland were the draw
ings of a simple electric cable
layout"
l.
Evening star., 1961-04-01
Reds Remoke Maps

Fairfax COuntian
Evening star., 1961-06-17

AUTO MECHANICS (3), Chrysler-
Plymouth top-notch men: good
salaries, plenty of work. Mr.. But
Ter, FALLS CHURCH CHRYSLER-
PLYMOUTH, Hillwood ave. and
Lee hwy, Falls Church, Va.
Evening star., 1961-06-17
k1o.i2,iS,if,1a trustees.
THOS. J. OWEN 4 son.
AuetioneeFS, III 2 81. NV.

TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE
BRICK. ADDRESSED AS 12l1
Z wxsH1sdToE. 4 i : J Z Z E ). ; NORTHWEST e
By virture Of a certain deed Of trus'
duly recorded, in Liber No. 1l064
Folio 81 ct SEQ, Of the land rec
ords OF the District Of Columbia
and At the request Of the party
secured thereby, the undersigned
trustees will sell, at public auc'
tion. in front of the premises. or
WEDNESDAY THE WENT Y.
hsShiA isSii At OSi els ociiock Pm
the following described land anc
premises, situate in the District
of Columbia, and designated q.
and being Part of Lot Letterec
IA of John Lovejoy. Juniors
subdivision Of Lots in SQUARE
EiRhty-five (2S5) as per plat re-
corded in the office of the Sur.
veyor for the District of Columbis
in Liber N. K. at folio 217; be-
ginning at the Southwest cornel
Of said Lot on Eye Street, ant
running thence North 44'06"
tnenCe EAST is Inence SOUR
1905, to the line of Eye Street
thence West lS' to the place o.
beginning; now known for pur.
poses of taxation as Lot sol II
SQUARE 2S5. Sold subject to 1
prior deed of trust in the ap
proximate amount Of S16.3Sa 81
TERMS OF SALE: A deposit o
S500.00 will be required at tint
of sale. Adjustments made as o.
date Of sale All conveyancing
recording, revenue stamps, etc,
al cost Of purchaser. Terms O.
sale TO be complied with withir
thirty days from day of sale
otherwise the trustees reserve tn
right TO resell the property at IN
risk and cost Of defaultinF Dur
chaser. after five days advertise
ment Of such resale in some news
paper published in Washinston
o c.
MARTIN AAROsON,
MORTON ETSMAN.
iu17 so,2z 4,N
Evening star., 1961-06-17

When aHsperfRg advertisement
addressed to Star boLes do NOT
inclose original references, pho
toprdphs or other materials. Of
personal DdlHe. Copies SeTue the
purpose. Originals may get lost.
Evening star., 1961-06-17
TH0S. J. OWEN 4 son,
AuetioneerS. iii B st. NV.

TRUSTEES SALE OF vALUAB1I
BEING KNOWN AS PREMISES
NUMBER % L STREET NORTH,
WEST.
BY virtue Of . certain deed Of trust
duly recorded. in Liber No. 959a
records Of the District Of coium. .
bia. and at the REQUEST Of thu
party secured thereby. the under,
signed trustee will sell. at public
suction, in front Of the premises
on WEDNESDAY. THE TWENTY
FIRST DAY OF JUNE. AID. 1851
AT TWO-TWENTY O'CLOCK PM
the following described land anC
premises. situate In the District
Of Columbia. and DESIGNATED q
and being Lot II IN MacEtlrS sub
division Of lots IN Square $50. q
Per plat recorded In the Office o.
SSI,a GSI1mS5a sS in Liber W p. Al
TERMS or SALE: ALL CASH. 4
deposit Of $500 will be required
at time Of sale. Adjustments mad
IS Of date Of sale. All convey.
ancing. recording. revenue stamps
etc. ct cost Of purchaser. TERM
OF sale to be complied with within
thirty days from day Of sale
otherwise the trustee reserves thu
right to resell the property at the
risk and cost Of defaulting pur-
chaser. after five days advertise
paper published in Washington
ROGER W. EIsINGER.
Surviving Trustee,
Evening star., 1961-06-17
SPECIAL NOTICES

WELL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE for
any debts incurred By anyone
othar than myself. EDWARD L.
HARRIS, 1891 University pl. nv.
"lS
Evening star., 1961-06-17
TanS = nRFN a son

By JAMES P. BENFER. Jr.
Vice President and Trust Officer
le13,l5.l7.1Q,2l Trustee.
Evening star., 1961-06-17

Illus. d OWbC = SUM-
AuetiOneers, III Z Street NV.
TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE
ROW BRICK DWELLING BEING
KNOWN AS PREMISES NUMBER
1893 MARION STREET, NORTH
By virtue Of 4 certain deed Of trust
duly recorded. in Liber No. 1887
Folio 421 ct sec, OF the land
records Of the District Of ceiup.
party secured thereby. the under
signed trustees will sell. At pub
lic auction in front Of the prem
ees. on WEDNESDAY. THE
TWENTY EIGHTH DAY OF JUNE
A;D. 1881; AT ONE FIFTY
described land and premises. sit
uate in the District Of Columbia
!3A in Carusi and Miller, Trus;;
SQUARE 444 as per plat recorded
In the Office Of the Surveyor for
the District Of coiumbis in Libel
Il at Folio 16l.
TERMS: Sold subject to q prioi
tbuildinE associationl deed Of
trust for approximately s., ,S25. .eS
further particulars of which vii
be announced at time OF sale; the
purchase price above said trust
20 be paid in cash. A deposit o.
$4,000 REQUIRED. ConveyAncing
recording, etc, At purchaser
cost. Adjustments made as of dat
of sale. Terms 10 be complied witt
within 30 days, otherwise deposit
forfeited and the property may bG
edsertised and resold at the dis.
eretion Of the trustees.
THOMAS ". HUNT.
Evening star., 1961-06-17
JeI0.13.15.17.2O
THoS. ]. OWEN : SON,

AAOCs Dc O"bN = SUM-
SALE OF VALUABLE
BRICK RESIDENCE, S740 NINTH
STREET NORTHWEST.
By virtue Of 4 certain deed Of trust
duly recorded. in Liher No. 1000
records G OF Of the Dist District Il Of n cOium amc
bia. and at the REQUEST Of the
party secured thereby. the under.
signed trustees will sell. at public
auction in front Of the premises
on MONDAY. THE NINETEENTH
DAY OF JUNE. AID. 1861, AT
FOUR O'CLOCK PM. the follow
ing-described land and premises
situate in the District of Colum.
bia. and DESIGNATED as and bein1
Lot Numbered 81 in the subdivi.
sion made by Dwight ]. Particle
Of lots in Square 290l. as pei
plat recorded in the office Of thI
s11EsvOE mSiy !, fpF ,.I tn: D;tTst is too Of Co
TERMS: Sold subject to a priol
building association deed Of trust
for approximately S6.650: fur,
ther particulars OF which will bt
announced at time Of sale: tht
purchase price above said trust Il
De paid in cash A deposit o.
$500 required. Conveyancing. re.
cording. etc. at purchasers cost
Adjustments made as Of date O.
sale Terms To be complied Will
within thirty days. otherwise de.
post forfeited and the propert,
rn1v be advertised and resoid q
the discretion of the trustees.
RALPH o. WEED.
Z. SPENCER FITZGERALD.
teS.10.13.1h.17 Trustees.
IRVING KAMINS. Auctioneer
Evening star., 1961-06-17
AUCTION SALES
THOS. J. OWEN 4 SON
AuetiOneerS, I'LL z Street NV,

SALE OF VALUABLE
nWEELrEo nkNf 2 ? : BE1Sd M ! T kRoWS 2 RFlGk As
PREMISES NUMBER 2Sl2 36th
PLACE NORTH WEST. WASH.
INGTON. D. c.
By virtue of q certain deed Of trust
duly recorded. in Liber No. lIl74,
Folio 5S5, ct seu.. of the land rec
ords OF the District of Columbia.
and at the request OF the party
secured thereby, the undersigned
trustees will sell, at public auction
THURSDAY, THE Goth DAY OF
JUNE, AID. 1851, AT 2:3O
O'CLOCK PM. the following de
Scribed land and premises, situate
in the District Of Columbia. and
designated as and being Lot %
in Square 1891, American Securi-
ty and Trust Company and others,
subdivision of land now known as
Massachusetts Avenue Heights"
as per plat recorded in the Office
Of the Surveyor for the District OF
Columbia in Liber AZ at Folio 6
TERMS: Sold subject to q prior
deed OF trust for approximately
$l2.97S.79. further particulars OF
which will be announced at time
OF sale; the purchase price above
said trust to be paid in cash. A
deposit Of $500 required. Convey
aneing. recording, etc. at pur-
chaSer's cost. Adjustments made
as OF date Of sale. Terms to be
complied with within thirty days,
otherwise deposit forfeited and
the the property may be adVer-
tised and resold at the discretion
Of the trustees.
JOSEPH LURIA
WILLIAM R. LICHTENBER0
JelGs0,22,24,27 Trustees.
Evening star., 1961-06-17
IRVING KAMINS. AuctioneeF
220 X Street NV.

SALE OF VALUABLE
BRICK BILLING BEING
By virtue Of a certain deed Of trust
duly recorded, in Liber No. 11421,
records Of the District Of coium-
bia, and at the request of the
party secured thereby. the under
signed trustees will sell, at public
auction in front of the premises,
on TUESDAY, THE TWENTIETH
DAY OF JUNE, AID. 1861. AT
ONE O'CLOCK PM, the follow
ing-described land and premises,
situate in the District Of Column
hia, and designated as and being
Lot 81. in Square 5292.
TERMS: Sold subject to . prior
deed OF trust for approximately
S4.l10.00. further particulars OF
which will be announced at time
of sale: the purchase price above
said trust to be paid in cash. A
deposit Of $500 required. Convey
ancing, recording. etc. at pur-
chaser's cost. Adjustments made
as Of date of sale. Terms to be
complied with within thirty days
otherwise deposit forfeited and tht
property may be advertised anc
resold at the discretion Of the
WILLIAM q. HARPs.
HAICOTT A. BRADLEY,
kIO.12,15,17.1a Trustees.
THOS. J. OWEN 4 son.
A..Niaaaara 11In r a. NV
Evening star., 1961-06-17

Mechanical minimum yrs. exper
in commercial and government
type buildings. Either design or
construction. Education. high Schl.
minimum. Bring samples Of work.