davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Arizona post., 1961-09-15

Rosh TIashanah services
can Jewish chaplains in Yves
have been in a state of alert
since the closing of the bor-
der between East and West
Germany. Global arrange
ments for High Holy Day
services have been made by
the National Jewish Welfare
Board in all parts of the
world where US. arm e d
forces are stationed. They
were conducted by 370 full
and part-time Jewish chap
lains in the U.S., Asia, Africa,
Europe, Greenland, Puerto
Rico, Canal Zone, and Cuba.
Joseph MeyerhOff, national
chairman of the United Jew
ish Appeal, issued a call to
American Jews to rededicate
themselves to the ia SIX S
ahead in the work of helping
Israel to absorb the con-
tinued flow of new i m m j.
grants as well as to finish
the absorption of previous
waves of newcomers. He ap-
pealed for the making of an
all-out effort to raise the
UJA cash goal of $39,212,0OO
by Dec. 10.
Abraham Feinberg, presi-
dent of the Israel Bond Or
ganization, appealed in his
Rosh Hashanah message to
help in the building of Israel
by acquiring more I Isra a e
bonds. "In reaffirming our
faith in the guiding prin-
ciples of our Biblical heri-
tage, we see in the image of
modern Israel the fulfillment
of a peoples prayer. In eval-
uating the significance of Is
rael now and for the future,
let us also evaluate what
we can and should do today
and tomorrow to participate
in it's upbuilding and prog
ress," he said.
Irving Kane, president of
the Council of Jewish Fed
erations and Welfare Funds,
said that the Jewish COM
munities in this country look
to the achievements of the
past year with pride, but
they also view those accom-
plishments as a foundation
ito build upon and to ad-
vance from"
"In this perspective" he
continued, 1--WE seek to create
a better life for ourselves
and our children, for all
humanity in a world of
peace, friendship and har-
mony. For, as much as this
is a period of prayer, peni-
tence and charity, the Days
of Awe are equally a time
of renewal and of rededica-
ton to the great ideals that
have inspired us through the
ageS-the brotherhood and
dignity of man, the oneness
of the world, the burning
desire for eedom, the
yearning for peace"
Louis Caplan, president of
the American Jewish Com
m t e, re-emphasized the
goals of his organization for
the new year in these terms:
Even in these volatile times,
The Arizona post., 1961-09-15

JERUSALEM, (JTA)-An
agreement by which Britain's
Leyland Corporation will
build, in cooperation with Is
raeli investors, a truck as
sembly plant at Ashdod, was
signed here this week.
The Arizona post., 1961-09-15
Worlds Jewry
Ushers In New
Year Of 5722

NEW YORK, (JTA) = Jews throughout the world
ushered the Jewish year of 5722 with prayers in
synagogues with meditation of lfes supreme purpose
Rosh Hashanah services conducted by Ameri-
Jewish chaplans in West Germany where us troops
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Mr.. Nehru in Town

Prime Minister Nehru is once again
a very welcome visitor to Washington.
After spending the next few days
among us, he will address the United
Nations in New York, and then he will
go to the West Coast, where he will
drop in on Disneyland and Hollywood
before flying to Mexico City. Mean
while, during his stay here, he and
our highest officials, including PreSi-
dent Kennedy, will have ample op-
portunity for conversations on a wide
range of weighty subjects that are of
great interest to his country and ours.
Thus, although this is primarily a
goodwill visit that involves no formal
agenda, there can be little doubt that
Mr.. Nehru and Mr.. Kennedy, besides
getting better. acquainted with each
other personally, will exchange views
on number of highly important issues
affecting India, the United States and
the world as a whole. To cite but a
few, these issues include the Soviet
manufactured Berlin crisis, explosive
developments in Southeast Asia, the
resumption of nuclear testing, and
deep American dissatisfaction with the
brand of Indian "neutralism" that has
been displayed in the U. N. in recent
weeks.
Mr.. Nehru has been quoted as say
ing that he has been hard put to
understand why there should be any
such dissatisfaction. Yet the reason
for II ic cartoj,oIIy oIaor a,o,,rb ~ +I,o
people of our country, who have found
it in abundance in the attitude of
midas U. N. delegation under the
often-aggravating leadership of De-
fenSe Minister V. K. Krishna Menon.
For quite obviously, as regards nuclear
testing, for example, this delegations
speeches and votes at the current SeS-
sion of the General Assembly have
seemed much less "neutralist" than
anti-American, if not positively pro-
Soviet.
1t may be assumed that the
President and the Prime Minister will
discuss this matter at some length, and
that Mr.. Kennedy will also make clear
why the United States is thoroughly
opposed ESQ is the Soviet Union, for
other reasons) to the utterly unrealistic,
Indians sponsored resolution calling for
another unpoliced moratorium on
nuclear tests. Mr.. Nehru'S visit will
have been well worthwhile, both from
his viewpoint and the free worlds, if
his talks here give him better under
standing of our position and persuade
him that his country's delegation to
the U. NJ needs some new instructions.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Krokotoo DoWnqroded

BY exploding their 50-megaton-
plus bomb, the Russians have made it
necessary for encyclopedias to do a
rewrite job on their accounts of the
great Krakatoa explosion of 1888. Most
encyclopedias now refer to the historic
volcanic blast in Sundra Strait as the
worlds biggest explosion. We assume
this will have to be revised to read "the
worlds biggest natural explosion" For
scientists say that the Soviet detonation
apparently exceeded the power of the
Krakatoa upheaval by several megatons
and sent atmospheric shock waves
around the earth at least twice, as
Krakatoa did.
BY coincidence, the SovietS trig-
gered their big bang over the Siberian
Arctic almost on the 18th anniversary
of the Krakatoa disaster The latter
came on the night of October 81, 1888,
after months Of rumblingS and minor
disturbances of the little island in the
Netherlands West Indies, between
Sumatra and Java. The preliminary
explosions are believed to have allowed
the ocean to pour into great molten
cavity, creating steam which, in a
series of blasts that night and the
following day, completely obliterated
the island. 1t has been estimated that
more than cubic mile of earth was
rocketed into the sky, where, in the
form of dust, it started to spread over
the earth until the skies were darkened
in many distant places and hazy sun
sets and sunrises appeared for many
weeks in the United States, Europe and
Asia. A tidal wave of vast proportions
developed, drowning some $4,000 persons
in surrounding islands and creating
wave effects felt as far away as the
English Channel. The actual sound of
the explosion was heard 5000 miles
away, royal committee reported.
This, then, was no mean contender
for first place among great explosions
of recorded history. Krakatoa eventu-
ally rose slowly from its grave in the
sea and regained much of its original
ppearance-including a volcano which
has given nearby inhabitants some
concern from time to time in recent
years. However, they are undoubtedly
willing to have Krakatoa remain down.
graded on the list of great explosions
And they probably wonder why anybody
should want to try to outdo Krakatoa
in wreaking death and destruction.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Arlington Issues

If the $950,000 school bond
item should be voted, the
Arlington School Board will
build a monstrosity elemen-
tary school totaling 81 class
rooms for over 1,100 pupils in
the Drew-Kemper district.
BY prevailing standards in
Arlington and nationally,
such a building would be
educationally and economi-
cally unsound. The neighbor-
hood to be served is badly
divided because of the poor
site chosen by the board ma
jority. No civic group in
Arlington has indorsed the
site except the local PTA at
Drew, and it felt the choice
was between enlargement Of
its present building and hav-
ing several hundred children
continue indefinitely at the
Annex Building outside their
neighborhood.
There are at least two
other sites available. With
pay-as-you-go funds or funds
derived from the sale of sur
plus buildings we can build
a first-rate building and save
heaps Of money for taxpayers
($262,500 in interest on bonds
over 20 years and at least
100000 extra administrative
costs from an oversize build
Evening star., 1961-11-06

ers along Route 40 could end discrimina-
ton in one day."
1t is quite true, of course, that the
council cannot speak for the entire
Legislature. But how much more real
istic than the CORE reaction is the
attitude of Pedro Sanjuan, the State
Department assistant chief of protocol,
who first raised the issue of segre-
CATION on Route 40. In commencing
the high-level support given to anti
discrimination legislation, Mr.. Saniuan
insists that ito ask for voluntary efforts
on Route 40 is not the solution"
Which, after all, is the more
important-a pressure demonstration
along Route 40 which will serve no
purpose except to inflame tempers, or
a concerted effort for enactment of
bill that would remove racial segre-
cation not alone on Route 40, but in
eating places throughout the State?
The question answers itself.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Boards Character

What does the managing
director of the Arlington
Chamber of Commerce, Rob-
ert j. Johnson, mean when,
in a letter to The Star (Oeto-
ber 25), he charges that the
Arlington County Board is "a
county board often referred
to as an antibusin a e S S
board ?"
Who makes such refer
ences? On what basis? If Mr..
johnson himself doesn't be-
lieve these references, why
does he so gratuitously pub
lcize them?
One member of the Arling-
ton County Board is a lead
ing Arlington businessman;
another is a businessman
with interests outside of the
county. A third member of
the five-member board is an
executive with an organiza-
ton we'll known for it's re-
porting services to business
men throughout the country.
Nor is there any evidence of
which I am are-and Mr..
JohnSon's letter certainly
contains none that the other
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Determined to March

BY any reasonable standards, the
Endorsement by the powerful Maryland
Legislative Council of bill outlawing
racial discrimination in restaurants,
hotels and motels' of the State should
be regarded as a highly significant
step forward. But not so, apparently,
to the Congress of Racial Equality.
In announcing that CORE still
intends to go through with its so-called
freedom ride" on Route 40 next Satur-
day unless a substantial number of res
taurants Immediately desegregate, a
CORE spokesman complains that "The
council can't give us any assurance the
bill would pass the General Assembly. F"
And it is "silly," he says, "to have to wait
until February when the restaurant own
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Misuse of u. NJ. Power

1t is said that the function, or at
least a major function, of United
Nations forces in the Congo is to pre-
vent civil war. If this is correct,
someone should acquaint DR.. Sture c.
Linner, chief of U. N. Congolese oper-
ationS, with the fact.
In report to the Security Council,
DR.. Linner has threatened to use U. N.
jets to shoot down planes from Seces-
Sionist Katanga Province if they en-
gage in bombing missions over neigh
boring Kasai Province. Viewed in
isolation, this might be a legitimate
use of U. N. power to prevent civil war
But this threat is something which
ought to be considered in the light of
the entire Congo situation.
Premier Adoula of the central
Congolese government at Leopoldville
announced last week that his troops
had invaded Katanga to suppress the
latter's secession. If this is true, it. is
clearly an act of civil war. Yet Dr..
Inner says nothing about using u N.
forces to drive back the invading
CongoleSe troops. Why not?
According to Noise TShombe, Ka-
tanga's premier, his planes have con-
fined their bombing in KaSai to
attacks on bases from which invading
troops of the Leopoldville government
have been operating. If this is the
case, it would seem to be an act of
legitimate self-defenSe. Why is DR..
Linner, in the name of preventing civil
war, threatening to shoot down the
Katanga planes, while saying nothing
about the troops which Premier Adoula
claims have invaded Katanga?
Reports from the Congo are no.
toriously unreliable, and one should be
wary of all claims and counter claims.
1t seems quite clear to us, however
that the U. N. force there has no right
to assist the central government in
Subduing Katanga. Yet precisely this,
judging from his own report to the
Security Council, is what DIR. Inner
is trying, or threatening, totdo.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Good Old Doys?

In a gesture of contempo-
rary Illustration your John
O." of the cartoon of Octo-
ber % pensively yearned for
the comparative calm of so
years earlier.
His pose misstates the past
and i'll fits the present.
Although still lulled by the
previous 100 years of relative
quiet, the world of 1911 was
gearing morally and mill
tarily for conflict. Any sense
of security was intrinsically
false. Not yet do we know if
the national and theological
wars that ensued, our
counterpart to the sixteenth
century,s wars of religion,
have come to an end. The
world of 1911 is precisely
what we do not want now.
Rather our hope must be
that we have learned enough
from the last so years that
we may avoid repeating them.
Harold F. Breimyer.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Five Lone BRIDGE

An article IN The Sunday
Stars THE New Washington"
section stated that 'in antici-
patton Of the congestion that
is expected to hit the South
Capitol Street Bridge :.
once the Wilson bridge opens
near Alexandria highway
planners are going to add a
fifth lane to South Capitol
Street Bridge by pulling out
the concrete median strip.
What are these highway
planners" going to think up
next to ruin our present
roads and bridges? The South
Capitol Street Bridge seems
to handle traffic smoothly
now as a four-lane bridge
with a concrete median strip.
The bridge is not wide
enough for addition of a fifth
lane, as the median strip is
only about 2 or 8 feet wide.
In order to add a fifth
traffic lane to South Capitol
Street Bridge it would be
necessary to tear out the
present sidewalks, then build
new sidewalks and new guard
railings on appendages bolted
to the sides of the bridge.
This is how Key Bridge was
widened from four to six
lanes.
But since the September II
article was written there oc-
CURED the tragedy of Ben
Runyon when his car was
pushed off Key Bridge into
the river by another car
which was moving too fast
and was out of control. Key
Bridge has weak guard rail-
ings which were bolted to the
sides of the bridge when the
bridge was widened.
I hope that highway plan
ners will leave South Capitol
Street Bridge as it is now.
The present concrete median
strip was placed there for
safety purposes. Removal of
this strip would create the
danger of head-on collisions,
as the bridge has curves at
both ends.
There doesn't seem to be
much justification for at
tempting to add a fifth lane
to the bridge, as the extra
lane wouldn't fit into the
present traffic pattern. The
bridge. at its south end, splits
into two two-lane roadways.
North of the bridge the South
Capitol street underpass at
M street is four lanes wide,
with a concrete center strip.
Service drives serve traffic
leading on to M street.
The Southwest Freeway,
when completed, should be
able to absorb traffic coming
from South Capitol Street
Bridge. Let's hope that high
way planners will not de-
stroy the safety factors of
this bridge when it isn't nee
esSary.
John F. DiNatale.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
Fairfax Sewer Bonds

Very little opposition has been ex-
pressed to the $10-million sewer bond
issue on which Fairfax County residents
will vote tomorrow. But by the same
token, county officials have done a
notably poor job of selling the necessity
of the bond issue to voters. 1t is
hardly surprising, therefore, that these
officials now are concerned that the,
issue might fail to carry, not through
organized resistance, but because of
apathy and lack of understanding.
Essentially, the $40 million is needed
to expand the capacity of two treat
ment plants which are fast becoming
over -burdened, to construct new trunk
line in the rapidly-developing area be-
tween Falls Church and Vienna, and
to extend sewer service to other areas,
including those where health problems
are building up as the result of septic
which deserve the support of Fairfax
voters.
The fact that officials believe the
bonds can be retired entirely with
revenues from users of the new sewer
lineS-and with no increases in the
current $39-a-year service charge
against the owners of property now
connected to the sewer system-should
be an added incentive to favor the
bonds. If the bond issue should be
rejected, on the other hand, general
service charge increase would be dis
tinct possibility. Eventually, of course,
these improvements will have to be
provided in any case, and their post
ponement simply would serve to in
crease the costs later. This seems to
be a situation in which taxpayers have
everything to gain, and nothing to lose.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
LETTERS TO THE STAR

two members of the board
are unsympathetic to business
in the county.
But Arlington businessmen
can hardly expect the board
to be encouraged to be eag-
erly pro-business when a
Chamber of Commerce
spokesman makes unsubstan-
tiated, comments about the
board being "often referred
to as an antibusin e SIS
board. :"
And some of the rest of
us may well be asking if busi-
ness isn't over-repreSented on
the Arlington County Board,
which governs a primarily
nonbusiness, residential pop
ulation. Ron Ross.
Evening star., 1961-11-06
PARIS

PARIS
President Kennedys de-
cision to start planning for
nuclear tests in the atmos-
phere is not more palatable
for the fact that it was forced
upon him.
The world as a whole is in
clined to be skeptical Of the
idea that the United States
is simply an innocent and un-
willing victim of Russian
skulduggery. The vote in the
United Nations taken the
same day as the Presidents
painful decision left little
doubt as to where the blame
will be laid. Seventy-two
nations joined in an appeal
to stop all nuclear tests.
If the United States, despite
this vote, goes through with
its plans to resume atmos-
pheric tests, it seems inevi-
table that indignation now
directed at Russia will fall
with increased intensity on
the United States.
Unjust as this reaction may
be, the administration itself
is at least partly responsible
for it. The official line in
Washington throughout the
long series of Russian tests
hardly served to prepare
world opinion for the de-
cision announced by the
President last Thursday.
Called of No Importance
Indeed, from the beginning,
Russian tests were explained
and denounced as a political
exercise with very little scien-
tific or military Importance.
Some experts saw them as
part of a calculated campaign
of terror in which Premier
Khrushchev hoped to paralyze
and intimidate his foreign
opposition. Others tied it into
the internal struggle within
the Communist camp itself
a gesture on Mr.. Khrushchev's
part to appease or impress
militant elements, including
the Chinese Communists, and
as an answer to charges Of
"softness." directed against
him during the recent party
congress.
In particular the testing
of the 50-megaton bomb last
week was seen by Washing
ton in this light. The explo-
sion, according to a White
House statement was a po-
litical rather than a military
act"
THE device exploded, "
the statement continued,
docs not add in the effec-
tiveneSs against military tar
gets to nuclear weapons now
available both to the Soviet
Union and the United States.
It does not affect the basic
balance of nuclear power"
Far from pointing to a need
for new American tests the
White House statement as
serted boldly that "the exist
ing United States nuclear
arsenal is superior in guam
tity and quality to that Of
any other nation. The United
States today has ample mil
itary power to destroy any
nation which would unleash
thermonuclear war" At no
Evening star., 1961-11-06
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
International Study of Indian Ocean
By THOMAS R. HENRY

Forty ships of 20 nations
are scheduled to take part
in the international survey
of the Indian Ocean sched-
uled for 1962-63 under the
auspices of the United Ma
tions Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization.
This vast stretch of water,
covering % million square
miles or about IA per cent
of the earth's surface, today
is one of the least known
parts of the world.
The overall cost of the
survey is expected to be
about $50 million, excluding
the cost of new ships. now
being built in the United
States, West Germany and
Britain. The United States
will contribute ten ships and
crews. This country is in
terested in the Indian Ocean
for scientific reasons and to
help surrounding countries
make better use of their re-
sources.
Significance of Project
THE significance of the
expedition" says a UNESCO
report, stems from the fact
that much can be learned
about the distribution of
marine life and the avail
ability of fish for the pro-
tein-hungry people of the
region. The Indian Ocean Ii
also unique in that it
is largely incloSed and fea-
lures monsoons blowing in
one direction half of the
year and in the opposite di-
rection the remaining six
months. It is a complete
ocean, small enough to be
studied as a whole, and yet
too large for a single ma
ton to undertake the task.
In addition to yielding
new knowledge in ply
sical oceanography. chemical
oceanography, meteorology,
marine biology, marine geol-
ogy and marine geophysics.
the Indian Ocean expedition
will also prove that the good
will generated during the In
ternational Geophysical Year
is still much alive"
This expedition probably
will be the first step in a
systematic survey of all the
oceans of the world, now
made possible with newly de-
veloped Instrumentation.
+ 4 4
Winter roosts, each con-
tanning millions of black
birds, have been found in
remote, isolated swamps in
Southern Virginia and the
Carolinas.
The search was instigated
by complaints of heavy dam
age to crops, especially corn
and rice, by these birds. 1t
was carried out by agents of
the United States Fish and
Evening star., 1961-11-06

@. Does former President
Eisenhower receive both a
military and a presidential
pension?-F. A.
A. No; he receives only the
Presidential pension of $685.
900 annually, plus up to $780,
900 a year for office expenses.
A bill to restore the five
star rank Of General of the
Army to ex-President Eisen-
hover was passed by Con-
greSS in March, 1861, and
signed by President Kennedy
on March %. 1t provided,
however, that he was to re-
ceive no military retirement
compensation. The former
Chief Executive had given I'D
his five-star rank when he re-
signed from the Army to run
for President in 1852.
Evening star., 1961-11-06

Wild Life Service. The
"blackbird" group includes
redwings, grackles, COW birds
and a few lesser species.
After the vast winter con-
centrations, locations of
which change from year to
year, the birds spread out
into marshes and surround
ing fields where they pro-
duce hundreds of thousands
of young during the summer.
Banding Program Started
Biologists at the Interior
Departments Wild Life Re-
search Center have begun a
blackbird banding program
to help spot the enormous
winter concentrations that
will do all the damage the
next year. With a new type
of light trap they have. de-
veloped they can capture
thousands in an evening at
the roosting sites. Japanese
silk nets, often referred to
as mist nets" are mounted
on poles and used to capture
birds during the day.
Blackbird research now is
in progress both at the re-
search center itself and at
subStations in Gainesville,
Fla, and Newark, Del. Ways
are being sought to scare
the birds away from stand
ing crops. The rope fire
cracker and other frighten-
ing devices have been de-
veloped. These often are ef-
fective in reducing local
damage but are not regarded
as a final solution. Some
biologists are studying meth
DDS of reducing the great
bird populations. Others are
testing chemicals to deter
the birds from pulling seed
corn or eating maturing ears"