davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune., 1961-12-02
Ne Hysieria

By announcing this meeting
win my five interim successors
CO not wish to add any real or
lnsgined war n. sleria Hare
SAID. ~Bu, Dc want the people
Of Michigan 10 know that We in
the Department Of State want 10
make sure hat the people will con
tlnue 10 &c, the essential ser
vlcs thy need If day Of national
disaster shouted come
Evening star., 1961-12-10
'.Ill1Iiluzs P1'OUincinI''
Fruitwood Dining Group

Authenticity styled every detail with the very finest quail
y construction Beautifully grained cherry fruwood fin
sh with cast brass hardware At least dozen custom
features True lasting beauty quality and value for those
who know and appreciate fine furniture.
Evening star., 1961-12-10
n
KR0EHLERO
SOFA and CHAIR
NYLON Pile Fabric
Full FOAM Cushions

Big 81 SOTO and matching lounge chair expey tailored in
Antron NYLON pile frieze performance tested fabric that
insures lasting beauty and longer Full FOAM cushions
reversible for twice the and true deep down seating
comfort Select yours in Turquoise, God Beige Charcoal
at CURTIS BROS.
Evening star., 1961-12-10
BaSSett Bed room
'CO1eSfeIINtiOas'' Walnut Finish

Here Of most popular bedroom suites in rich dur
oble wa nut veneer with Dupont Duux baked on 9coot
finish You'll love the straight crisp lines and the thick plank
tops Concealed drawer pulls add to the tailored look Tt
ing Pittsburgh plate glass mirror for extra convenience
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
THE NEGRO PRESS cREDo

y The Negro Press believes that America
can best lead the world away from racial and
national antagonisms when it accords to every
man, regardless of race, color or creed, his
human and legal rights. Hating no man, fearing
no man, the Negro Press strives to help every
man in the firm belief that all are hurt long
as anyone is held back.
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

State Library & Archives
State Capitol Bui lding
Phoenix, Ariz. v.r
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
Protection Sought For
All Home Owners

Philadelphia, Pa.-The Depart
ment of Justice was urged by the
NAACP this week to protect Mr..
and Mrs. James Gaines, Jr., whose
newly purchased Lima. Pa, home
has been under attack by white
neighbors.
Mrs. Gaines, the former Verolga
Nix, is a niece of Congressman
Robert N. C. Nix of Philadelphia.
Racial incidents started when
the young couple purchased a $19,-
900 split-level house September Il.
Their home was picketed by a
neighbor's pre-school child on the
following Sunday morning with a
sign reading: Welcome Niggers
to Harlem
The attractive residence was
subsequently stoned, resulting in
broken windows on October Is.
This happened again on Novem,
ber Is when rocks "the size of soft.
balls" were hurled against the
house. These attacks were report
ed by William E. Goolsby, presi.
dent of the Media NAACP chapter
Ito, the Pennsylvania State Human
Continued on Page Six)
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
ARKANSAS NAACP
LEADER RESIGNS

Little Rock, Ark.-Ge0rge How
ard, Jr., a seasoned civil rights
attorney, succeeded Mrs. Daisy
Bates as president of the NAACP's
Arkansas organization.
Mrs. Bates, 1.-THE heroine Of
Little Rock" stepped down after
nine hectic years of leading the
Associations battles in Arkansas,
highlighted by the Little Rock
school crisis of September, 1851
She still serves on the Asseciar
tons National Board of Directors.
A native of Pine Bluff, where
he headed the local NAACP chapter
Mr.. Howard, worked closely with
Mrs. Bates during the Arkansas
school struggle. ~ s-@f-s
The Arkansas State Conference
of NAACP branches held its 18th
annual convention November IL
IL and passed resolutions calling
for intensification Of its program
combating bias in employment,
public housing. and education:
Rev. Edward Odom, Jr., NAAGP
national church secretary, who ed,
dressed the overflow mass meet
ing, called on ministers to lead
the way for better job opportunities
Continued on Page Sikh
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
NAACP To Have
Day In Court

Montgomery, Ala.-The National
Association for the Advancement
of Colored People will finally get
its long-delayed day in court on
December 27, just five days be-
fore the expiration of the time
limit imposed by the United States
Supreme Court in its ruling of
October %.
Banned from all activity in the
State of Alabama since June l,
1856, the NAACP has three times
gone to the Supreme Court in eff
forts to secure relief from the state
injunction. Three times the High
Court ruled for the Association
but Alabama succeeded in evading
execution of the Courts first two
orders.
After each ruling, the NAACF
attempted to get a hearing in Ala
bama courts on its motion to dis
solve the temporary injunction
which restrained all Association
activities in the state. Unable te
get a hearing in the state courts
Continued on Page Six)
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
J.F.K. URGED TO SPONSOR RIGHTS
Negro Hiring Up In Coast Plants

ening. Those who are qualified are
rapidly being given employment.
We now can assure people in mi
nority groups: if you prepare, you
will not face the barriers your
forebrearers met"
Industrial relations directors of
key plants insist that the job de-
mand exceeds the supply of trained
Negro applicants, especially in
white-collar jobs.
Lockheed's Burbank plant has
been praised by the committee
for raising its ratio to in 5 since
April. Karl Kuntze, the conlpany'S
industrial relations chief, estimates
800 Negroes out of a total of 1,50O
newcomers have been hired since
April.
This brings Lockheed's figure
to about 1,5OO Negroes in 10000
work force at Burbank. This aver
ages out to rs per cent, which is
near the proportion in Los Angeles
County. Countrywide, there are
more than 100000 Negroes in a
population of 100000.
eve have been quite success
full in finding Negro applicants
who have industrial or admins
trative skills," Mr.. Kuntze said.
''But we could use more in clerical
work. The labor market is shall
low. Not a sufficiently high per-
centage of young colored people
are getting a good education. -
Lockheed was a major target
of the committee after the Ma
tional Association for the Advance
Iment of Colored People complain
ed about restrictions against Ne
gro workers at the company'S
Marietta, Ca, plant.
North American, with more than
/ 300 Negroes among 1900 en-
ployes at its parent Los Angeles
Continued on Page Three)
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
wilkins Stanford U
Talk Outlines The
National Problems

Palo Alto, Calf. Just as Presi-
dent Kennedy has declared the
need for a new world trade policy
| by the United States, he should
declare the need for civil rights
legislation by the next session of
Congress, Stanford University stu
dents were told.
Roy wilkins, NAACP executive
secretary, said, under the auspices
of the Political Union. He said Ne
gro citizens were pleased at the
attitude and action of the Presi-
dent and the executive branch Of
government on civil rights matters.
"The problems to be met, how
ever, are too complex to be solved
by appointments of Negroes to
public office" he said, "and by
other executive action here and
there. They require legislation en-
acted by Congress.
"Mr. Kennedy has indicated that
he does not want to stir Congress
on this issue by sponsoring legis-
lation, but just as he has changed
his mind and declared the need
for a change in our world trade
policy, he should see the need for
change in his civil rights legisla-
ton policy. Civil rights will not
bring any bigger Congress siOnal
fight than the trade issue and
ought not be ducked on the ground
that it will disturb eunduly th e
peace and tranquility Of the Con-
gress." s
The NAACP leader said civil
rights groups would press / for
action in the next session of Con-
gress "since all members Of the
House and one-third Of the Senate
will be up for election in the tall
of 1882"
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
By Anthony Lewis

Washington, - The months since
John F. Kennedy took office have
been a, period. of. rapid develop
ment in the civil rights field. On
the school issue, ON voting rights,
in employment, in transportation
and public accommodations the
Negro cause has advanced-and
with an ever-quickening pace.
= = ~
What follows is a rundown of
the major developments and the
Administrations activities in each
of the chief areas of conflict.
SCHOOLS
The expansion of school integra-
ton into significant new areas of
the Southland without violence
has been notable event this fall.
Desegregation in Atlanta was a
symbolic victory that seemed
doubtful of achievement as little as
a year ago.. Memphis, in Tenne-
sees most southern climate, pro-
vided another. The number of
school districts newly deSegregated,
which had been declining steadily
each fall since 1855, took a turn
upward from twenty last year to
thirty-one in 1861. And for the first
time in several years the transi-
ton was accomplished without any
of the physical violence of Little
Rock. or New Orleans.
The Justice Departments most
important contribution to the school
picture was largely unpublicized.
During the summer Assistant At
torney General Marshall and 9TH
ers visited virtually every school
district scheduled for desegrega-
ton, talked with local officials and
offered help if wanted. Attorney
General Robert F. Kennedy'S many
political connections in the South
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

Defense Contractors making Pro,
gress Under Pressure.
By Bill Becker
Los Angeles, - Southern Cali
fornia's aircraft electronics and
missile plants are setting a some
what quickened pace against racial
discrimination in employment.
The hiring ratio of Negroes to
whites in a few instances has risen
from / in 20 to 1 in 5 or l in 10.
This appears to be the direct
result Of the polite pressure ex-
erted by the Kennedy Administra-
ton through the Presidents'S Com
mittee on Equal Employment OPP
portunity.
Some plants, however, report lit
tie or no change.
Less than five months ago, pro-
minent defense contractors led by
the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation
pledged their support to the COM
mittee'S Plan for Progress. Vice
President Johnson, the committee
chairman, made it plain that en-
ployment discrimination must end
in work done under Federal con-
tracts.
Employment experts agree that
the millennium is by no means just
around the corner. But the situation
in bellwether industries here has
improved to this extent:
F.! s. Companies Commended
: John Field. executive director
.ofgthe White House Committee, re-
Gently commended Lockheed, North
American and Douglas for their
"very. beneficial influence in ''hir-
ing, training, promoting and up
grading their. minority group en-
pfoyes.."
The director of the Urban
League of Los Angeles, Wesley
Bfazier, says
''The caliber. of jobs is broad
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
INTEeRATIoN: The SCORE TO DATE

A significant development IS the
turning of young Negro militance
to voting campaigns. 1t is such q
campaign that has brought violence
in southern Mississippi-an area
where until recently no Negro ever
protested anything. The Justice
Department is seeking Federal
Court protection for one would-be
Negro voter there who was hit on
the head with a gun by a registrar
and then charged with breach 0i
the peace; department request
for a Federal injunction against the
state prosecution is still undecided.
EMPLOYMENT
President Kennedy's first big
move on civil rights was the es.
tablishment of the Committe on
Equal Employment Opportunity,
to fight discrimination in employ
ment by the Government and its
contractors. Combining the func-
tions of two previous committees,
it was given much broader enforce
ment powers.
The new committee has been
much more active than it's prede-
-cessors. Instead of waiting for
complaints, it has put large defense
contractors on the spot with pub
licity and other leverage The nine
largest contractors, with 100000
workers. have signed detailed a.
greements to equalize Negro job
opportunities. AS a specific ex-
ample the Lockheed Company has
opened its apprentice program in
Marietta, Ga, to Negroes and pick
ed 1000 Negroes out of 5000 new
employees hired in Burbank Calf.
A similarly aggressive policy has
been followed as to Government
employment Agencies shown in
surveys to have few or no Negro
Continued from Page One)
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30
cason Blinded.
From Beiatin|g|

Tampa, Fla.-The U. sS. Civil
Rights Commission has been ask
ed to investigate a police beating
of a young Negro, after state
authorities failed to act
Rufus Cason. %, Of Olustee was
attacked by four law enforcement
officers in the Lake City jail last
September %, after he was al
legedly overheard complaining to
cellmates of his arrest.
He was then taken from his cell
with the explanation. We're going
to teach you how to talk about
white people" Z
The youth was made to sit in
an arm chair, hold his arms out
ward with hands in a downward
position and beaten by four white
men with blackjacks. AS a result
of the brutal attack, he faces blind
ness. 49,.
He was later treated by Nc
Clenny, Fla, physician. Mr.. Cason
was arrested when the car he was
riding in was stopped for a faulty
muffler. The driver was given a
ticket. Both were jailed, Cason
for allegedly being drunk.
The young man pleaded mot
guilty" to charges of being drunk
and resisting arrest, However, he
did tell the presiding judge of his
beating.
He was asked to leave the court
room for a few moments. Shortly
after, he was recalled, told to for
get the whole thing, and released.
The NAACP, through Robert W.
Saunders, its Florida field secre-
Continued on Page Six
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

and his well-known toughness-
were helpful too. - :
The department has no authority
under existing law to initiate
school suits, but it did move firm
ly into some existing asuits.
It played an active part in five
important Louisiana cases and
brought an unusual sactio1 to pre-
vent the use of schools in Plaque
mine Parish near New, Orleans,
as way for families to avoid the
|latter'S desegregated schools. It
made the first Federal move to
reopen the long closed public
schools in Prince Edward County,
Va.-a case still not finally settled.
And it played large role in the
ecedent-making court order for
desegregation of a geographically
segregated school in New Rochelle,
IN. Y.
VOTING
Since last Jan. 20 the Justice
Department has brought eight new
law suits under the Civil Rights
Act Of 1857, compared with ten
voting cases started in the three
previous years. For the first time
the department has ventured into
the darkest corner of the South.
Mississippi; four cases have been
filed there since last July. More
suits would have been brought if
the Attorney General and his aides
had not won promises to end dis
elimination in telephone talks with
local officials.
Concrete progress in actual Ne
groes registered and voting is diff
ficult to, chart. Recalcitrant regis
trars in Macon County, Ala. who
were first sued by the Eisenhower
Administration, have finally given
way under a Federal Courts threat
to appoint Federal voting referees.
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

This momentOus crisis in the life Of Or
ganzed mankind may be likened to the cul
minating stage in the political evolution Of the
great American Republic the stage which
marked the emergence ef a unified community
of federated states. ~
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

Friends Of Henry Not
Allowed To Visit Jail

Friends of the imprisoned and
fasting Cincinnati minister, M.
McCrackin, reported they had been
refused permission to visit David
Henry, a McCrackin, supporter,
Jailed in Brownsville (Tennessee)
on a speeding charge. The Rev.
Ernest Bromley of Cincinnati re-
ported that he was concerned for
the safety of young Henry, a Phila-
delphia pacifist, since his friends
had not seen him since he was
arrested Tuesday evening, Novem-
Der IA. The jailer knocked me
through the doorway when | asked
permission to visit Henry" Brom-
ley charged.
Both Bromley and Henry had
gone to Brownsville to visit Rev.
Maurice McCrackin, now in the
10th day of fast in the Haywood
County Workhouse. All are mem
bers of Operation Freedom" a
group organized a year ago to aid
Negro tenant farmers and share,
croppers evicted from their homes
in reprisal for registering to vote.
David Henry and Mrs Virgie
Hortenstine of Cincinnati we re
stopped as they drove through
Brownsville. Henry, who denied
he drove at 40 M. p.h.,s refused
to pay a $40 fine and court costs
of S.. 1t was reported he was car
ried from the courthouse after his
trial on Wednesday. .s,4.s. .s.
Henry had telephonedl friends
after his arrival in Brownsville
on November 8 that he had been
threatened by the sheriff, who in
structed him not to go to the homes
of any Negroes, and not to attend
any meetings as long as he stayed
in Haywood County,.
Charges of harassment by Hay
wood County officials we're made
also by another Cincinnati minis
ter, L. Richard Hudson, when he
visited Brownsville on November
Z and 8 in the interests of Opera
ti0n Freedom" He was arrested
and roughly interrogated for an
hour, Mr.. Hudson stated.
The Rev. Maurice McCrackin
was arrested October 20, originally
on a vagrancy charge, as he wait
ed in his car for a friend. Convict
ed November of lettering, F" and
fined $50 and costs, McCrackin re-
fused to participate in the trial on
what he termed trumped up
charges, or to make legal plea.
Asked to do so, he replied. am
pleading that love and justice be
done to Gods children everywhere
in Africa, Asia, Cincinnati, and
here in Haywood County.
,McCrackin, Treasurer of OPP
Grafton Freedom" had gone to
Tennessee on October %, pulling
a trailer load of clothing for evict-
ed families. He had spent nearly
a week attending meetings, visiting
farmers who took crop loans with
Operation Freedom, and gathering
information on future needs. In
the two southwest Tennessee coun-
ties 40 sharecropping families have
received notices they must leave
by January 1st the land they have
farmed. in some cases, for many
years.
Ovid Lovelace, superintendent of
Continued on Page Six
Arizona sun., 1961-11-30

U. S. Postage
Phoenix Arizona
Bulk Rate
Permit NO. +98
Evening star., 1961-12-15
DAVID LAWRENCE
Goldberg Cites Economic Facts

i've practices on the part of
labor or management which
impair efficiency and produc-
tivity. It also means that au-
tomation must be encouraged,
I'm addition, restrictive and
protectionist trade policies
must be avoided since they
will retard bur economy, not
stimulate it. Also. we must be
careful not to throttle busi-
ness profits from which new
enterprises and plants grow
and provide new jobs.
These are the things
which I attempted to say to
the AFL-CIO in my prepared
remarks. my extemporaneous
ones. and in the press con-
ference which followed my
speech.
MY reference to inequities
was to state that even wage
and price controls have rec
ognized in war time the fact
that all industries and COM
panieS do not progress at the
same rate and that there are
inequities present in both in
dustry and labor at any given
point in history. 1t is these
inequities to which ! referred.
l also believe, as l stated,
that they can be adjusted
within the framework of over
all increases in productivity.
My position on these sub
jectS is not a new one. 1t is
the same one expressed by DR..
Walter Heller, chairman of
the Presidents Council of
Economic Advisers and Is in
strong support of the Presi-
dent in his efforts to pre-
vent initiation and maintain
price stability.
These are the things I
tried to say to the AFL-CIO.
I believe that nv whole re-
marks reflect these thoughts
accurately"
One point in the above
needs to be underlined and
repeated again and again:
The fact that all industries
and companies do not pro-
gress at the same rate and
that there are inequities pres
ent in both industry and Ia
Dor at any given point in his
tory"
But labor union negotia-
tors do not accept this as a
fact Of life" The present
system Of industry-wide bar
gaining. moreover. virtually
destroys all opportunity to
remove inequities between
companies, thus aiding the
larger units and often forcing
the smaller ones out of
business.
(Copyrisht. la6lD
Evening star., 1961-12-15

The public reads about big
strikes and suffers acutely
from them. But what the
public doesn't know is the
truth about the hooey and
misleading claims that con-
vince millions of wage-earn-
ers that they are being bam-
boozled and deserve wage
increases even when manage
ment really can't afford
them.
So it is pertinent to take
note Of a significant pro-
nouncement just made by the
Secretary Of Labor. Arthur
Goldberg, who puts his fin
ger on the need to take into
account a very important set
of facts, even though he
doesn't explain how to get
them.
Mr.. Goldberg discusses the
subject Of financial benefits
from productivity" and vows
what labor leaders rarely
avow - that these gains
should be divided three ways,
that is, they should be shared
by the workers, the owners
and the public in the form of
lower prices.
But who is to say what the
division should be? Certain
ly stockholders should be Civ
en- at least a fair return on
their investments, and they
will not furnish more capital
to companies that don't have
good earnings. The public
should be given lower prices
wherever possible. The work.
ers should be given in in
creased wages a part of the
money saved through their
own increased productivity"
1t turns out, however, that
the labor unions usually de-
mand almost all of the bene-
fits from increased "produc-
ttvity,' including gains from
new machinery, sometimes
even though they have played
only a small part in the in
creased efficiency. The addi-
tional wages demanded by the
unions often cost more than
the entire increased benefit
in money from productive
ty." In the last steel wage
settlement, for example,
workers got substantial in
creases. but productivity"
still is below the pre-strike
figure in 1859.
Much is heard, too, about
the average rate of produc-
tivity." One company may
Evening star., 1961-12-15
Our Misguided Policy in Africa

ern Alliance, Paul-Henri
Spaak of Belgium.
Mr.. Spaak's long record
surely shows that he is no
professional anti-Communist,
no mere. right-Wing mouth
piece. One Of the worlds
most honored liberal men. he
had been compelled publicly
to tNarge the executive head
of the U. N, Secretary Cen
cral u Thant, with grossly
misrepresenting fundamental
facts in this dreadful affair.
For the President there is
still time to arrest the new
American tragedy that i'm
pends. There is time left to
re-examine our position. to
consider whether our old and
tried Allies might not be as
wise and as right as those
new international friends we
seek, at such frightful cost.
Mr.. Kennedy has taken the
first step in that direction by
moving to bring about Q
meeting between Mr.. Tshombe
and Premier Adoula Of the
Central Congolese govern
ment.
This correspondent watched
the destruction of one Ameri-
can government, that Of
Harry Truman, because Of
coalition actions in China de-
signed to put stability in
that country which wound up
with all China in Communist
hands. The present President,
Mr.. Kennedy, watched that.
too, as young Congressman;
and it deeply disturbed him.
The vital point is not
whether history will justify
the harsh popular verdict that
China was thrown away to
communism" The vital point
is that an American govern
ment was destroyed by a
policy which put some trust in
an adversary which has no
honor, communism. and
much trust in presidential
advisers who had honor but
were short of wisdom.