davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
Congressional
Viewpoint
Sen. John Marshall Butler
"The Liberation Way"

"The Liberation Way"
It is quite possible that the way
to GUST Castro and his communist
dictatorship from Cuba can be
found in the technique of liberia
ton followed in Guatemala the
only country in the world once
firmly under communist control
and now a member of the Western
Alliance. 1t was in Guatemala that
Carlos Castillo Armas and his fol-
lowers developed the technique
which he sometimes called, The
Liberation Way" l am indebted to
Patrick Mcmahon, a veteran news
man, for bringing this concept to
my attention.
On June 20, 1854, Carlos Castillo
Armas led 200 poorly-armed, poor
ly-trained revolutionaries across
the Honduran border into Guate-
mala. They challenged a standing
army of 5,000-a like number of
trained reserves, the best-equipped
air force in Central America, and
well-armed workers militia of
more than 10000 Castillo's tiny
force would have been destroyed
in hours had the Guatemalan
public and armed force remained
loyal to the Guatemalan commu-
mist puppet, Arbenz.
But the public defied the gov
eminent and supported the liber-
atorS. The armed forces refused to
fight The workers militia, on
which the communists heavily re-
lied, ignored orders to mobilize.
Recruits flocked by the thousands
to join Castillo's forces. This was
. not a spontaneous reaction such as
III. S. officials hoped for in the
/ May invasion of Cuba. 1t was the
! result of more than two years of
painstaking, intelligent effort. The
, key factors included:
| /. The adoption by Castillo and
his followers of a positive and de
tailed program to benefit all
, classes of Guatcmalans, socially,
economically and politically, which
! they pledged to carry out once
they liberated the country.
>. An intensive well-planned
propaganda campaign aimed at all
segments of the Guatemalan
! public. continuing day after day
for more than two years.
8. The organization of dedi-
Gated, comparatively disciplined
underground that carried out the
propaganda campaign and other
subversive tactics.
4. A carcfully-planned conspir-
acy within the armed forces.
: These were the elements which
made Castillos movement sue
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

The House Appropriations COM
mittee voted SAB billion for de-
tense.
Forest fires forced thousands to
flee their homes in st. Johns, New
ioundland.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

Glass.
Clark Wicklow, of Terra Alta.
spent the weekend with Mr. and
Mrs. Harry Segge.
Garland Jenkins and Ray Article
we're Sunday afternoon visitors of
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold jenkins.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
MRS. JOHN HARE

Mrs. Mary Martha Hare, aged
81, of Grantsville, died last Thurs
day, June %, at the home of her
| son, John Hare, near HopWood,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

Second u. S. Astronaut was due
o make space flight in July.
Evening star., 1961-05-26

one Of you at some time, but
1t will take awhile.
I would like to tell you
how I acquired all those
magazines. As my children
were growing UP, and max.
ing regular trips to the FAM
lily doctor. I noticed that he
had an abundance Of old
Evening star., 1961-05-26

dren. The perennials win be
given out as long as they last.
However, I am going to keep
all the letters, so don't give
up hope. I may call some of
you later on during the sum-
mer, when the plants come
up, and also next spring. I'll
try to get in touch with every
Evening star., 1961-05-26

! would not have had enough
to 60 around had I cut each
magazine in three pieces.
AS for the flowers, there
were about three times as
many requests for them and
/ obviously didn't have
enough to go around.
My magazines went to a
polio victim with three chill
Evening star., 1961-05-26

exchange m tie area where
one can purchase such items?
I would be very much inter-
ested in the leads with which
you readers could provide
me.
Evening star., 1961-05-26
The Exile
Mrs. C. H. G., Cheuerly

MIS-. c. II. G., CheDeTIy
! have been searching used
book shops for THE Exile"
by Pearl Buck, but my search
has been in vain. Do any Of
you readers have q copy Of
this book that you would be
willing to part with?
Evening star., 1961-05-26
READERS CLEARING HOUSE


ReodeFs' Clearing House is con-
Quoted ENTIRELY THROUGH THE
MAIL os q public service exchange
Of ideos between oreo readers. The
StoF connot oeeept phone coils per-
toinins to this column. All letters
must bear the writer's full nome and
address. No advertising is printed.
Evening star., 1961-05-26
SinARefinishinq

Mrs. J. E. A., Washington
/ have an old dry sink that
I am refinishing for use in
my dining room. After the
paint is removed. what
should I use on the sink to
give it a warm toned fin
ish? Any suggestions on this
subject viii be welcome.
Evening star., 1961-05-26
She Wants to Apologize
Mrs. A. AS, Washington

The response to my give-away Of National
Geographic magazines and perennials was so tre-
mendouS that feel must apologize to the many
people who wrote asking for either or the other
or both of the items offered
So many requests came for the magazines that
Evening star., 1961-05-26
Arts and Crafts
Mra. Z. C II. SterLinn

Where can one go TO see
exhibits Of arts and crafts.
such as quilts and baby
things? And also, Is there an
Evening star., 1961-05-26

her husbands office. I could
furnish her with names from
all the letters I received, and
in this way, some more de-
serving people could benefit
from these magazines.
Evening star., 1961-05-26
Famous Make
DVed-tO-MatCh
SportsWear
3.e9 and A.o0 BIoUSeS
und Shorts
3.99 10 7.99 Skirts, Pedal
Pushes, and Sweaters
S.99 and 1899 Bulky
Orion cardisans,

The famous moker ovorte Of Sporsweor collectors
don't this opportunity buy her designs sonesl
Group includes sho and roseeve bouse; slim peoed ond
pressed peoed skirts ecu shorts ond pedal puhers and bulky
knit Orion ocrc with short and three-quoer sleeves
Cheeks stripes and solids embroidered styles Dyed
notch shode Of pink Eoc bue oronee Sizes 10
which come "a MOI every every
and color ....
Evening star., 1961-05-26

magazines. I asked him II
I could have them, and he
said I could. He used to
drop them by my house when
he was finished with them.
Maybe some doctors wife
will read this letter, and
collect the magazines from
Evening star., 1961-05-26
WEE WOMEN

"It wasn't the best picture
I've ever seen, but then,
none of them have ever
been :"
Evening star., 1961-03-21

To counter these economic
factors. Mr.. johnson is think
ing of a training program
aimed directly at lifting the
skillS Of Negro workers.
The committee has been told
that Negro unemployment is
disproportionate to that of
whites in many areas. 1t has
learned that in Chicago, where
81 per cent Of the work force
is unemployed, 17.3 per cent Of
Negroes are jobless.
In Detroit, Negro unemploy-
ment is calculated at 80 per
cent, compared with an over
all average of 13 per cent. In
Cleveland, unemployment is at
20 per cent for the Negroes
against an overall average Of
6.3 per cent.
The figures for Fort Wayne,
Ind, list A per cent Of Negroes
out of jobs as in an area where
6.3 per cent of the work force
is unemployed.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Minimum Wage
iIICIeured by
Rules Committee

The minimum wage bill was
cleared by the House Rules
Committee today for floor de-
bate beginning late tomorrow.
Speaker Rayburn announced
that he expected the House to
pass the legislation this week
even if a Saturday session is
necessary.
With several opposing
votes" the committee sent the
measure to the House floor
for a maximum of seven hours
of general debate and with
opportunity for action on any
appropriate a m en- d m n t S ,
Chairman Smith, Democrat Of
Virginia, said.
He did not disclose how many
of the 10 Democrats and four
Republicans voted affirma-
lively, but he remarked: II
have never voted to promote a
Federal wage and hour bill
since I was born and I don't
intend to start today or to-
morrow"
The bill is along the general
lines recommended by, Presi-
dent Kennedy.
Evening star., 1961-03-21

Peace Corps will work and how
q person can get in.
Mr.. Shriver, who won quick
committee approval, was an ex-
tremely Self-poSSesSed witness.
He was, moreover, sitting in the
catbird seat. He knows more
about the infant Peace Corps
than any Senator, and Senators
have been deluged with letters
from people who want to join it.
Behind President Kennedy'S
handsome, dark-eyed brother
in-law in the hearing room,
there were SO many youths and
maidenS. he probably could
have recruited a platoon for
the Peace Corps on the spot.
Enthralled Audience
The youngsters and the Sen
atorS seemed equally enthralled
as Mr.. Shriver explained how
Peace Corpsmen would go out
in crews to build schools the
way pioneers held barn-raiSing
and houSe-raising parties.
So appealing are its still un-
formed plans, however, that
the corps has had to devise
a stiff QUESTIONABLE to deter
anybody who is just an ideal
ist or who wants a year or so
abroad at Government ex-
pense."
Only on Senator Hicken-
looper, Republican of Iowa, was
the romance of the Peace
Corps lost.
His exchange with Mr.. Shri-
yer was like that between an
improvident suitor who keeps
insisting that he loves the girl
and a prospective father-in-
law who wants only to know
his Dun and Bradstreet rating.
Would the Peace Corps people
be expected to go native, the
Senator wanted to know, hav-
ing heard they would live &C
cording to the custom of the
country?
Better Than Some
Mr.. Shriver explained sooth-
ingly that these Americans
abroad would live better than
the lowest classes of native
society, but less well than most.
Was Mr.. Shriver aware Of
the health hazards risked by
people who, absent themselves
from the American standard of
living, Mr.. Hickenlooper wanted
to know; was he aware of the
liver complaints and other af-
flictionS suffered by exileS who
enjoy more creature comforts
than would be offered the
Peace Corps.
Mr.. Shriver said that the
Surgeon General was helping
him to insure the best medical
care for the Peace Corps.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
MorshuII Heights
Homes Defended

The Marshall Heights Civic
Association last night pledged
a fight to save IL homes in
its area.
Members said the homes, on
the fringe Of the Marshall
Heights area near Benning
road Sc, are threatened by
a proposed 250-unit public
housing project.
In other business, the group
complained to a representative
from the fourth police precinct
that a great many people are
throwing trash out Of trucks in
the area"
The group formed committees
to plan a spring cleanup in
the community some time in
June.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Better Bus Runs
In Prospect for
Sc. June 18

Two representatives Of D. c.
Transit System last night as
sured members Of the Randle
Highland Citizens Association
that the company Is doing It's
best to improve service in the
Barney circle area Of South
east.
William Bell, D. C. Transit's
superintendent Of schedules,
and I. B. Goad, the company's
transportation director, told
the group of routing and sched-
uling changes that will take
effect on June 18. Almost all
service in Southeast will be af-
fected by the changes.
Passengers will be able to
travel from Naylor Gardens to
Rosslyn, from Hillcrest to Nc
Lean Gardens, and from Ridge
road to the Bureau Of Engrav-
ing all without transferring
buses when the changes are
made.
Evening star., 1961-03-21

Not treasured, the Senator
asked Mr.. Shriver If provisions
had been made for future dis
ability claims from the Gov
ernment. Mr.. Shriver said they
were studying it.
Senator Hickenlooper then
sternly reminded Mr.. Shriver
that he had heard that Mr..
Shriver had said that the
Peace Corps people would not
be expected to propagandize or
to "Sell" America.
Preach by Example
Mr.. Shriver said he hoped
the Peace Corps would preach
by example rather than on the
street corner.
For Senator Hickenlooper
who comes from booster coun-
try" and who last week urged
the new director Of the United
States Information Agency,
Edward r. Murrow, to put out
more good news, seemed to feel
it was a shame not to make
statesmen Of the Peace Corps
men.
Senator Hickenlooper's sus-
picions about the hare-brained
character of the operation ap-
parently deepened when he
heard about a speech given by
Mr.. Shriver'S deputy, William
Meyer, in which he said the
Peace Corps had received ap-
plications from corporation
lawyers who are tired Of max
ing out wills for the wealthy"
Meyer Takes Stand
Mr.. Meyer. who looks scarcely
old enough to be out Of school,
was called to the stand. He
said he hadn't intended his
speech to be "a statement that
people generally are tired of
earning a living"
Senator Hickenlooper tried
to ground the dreamers once
again. What about retirement
pay. he wanted to know. What
about fringe benefits?"
1--WE are trying to get away
from fringe benefits" replied
Mr.. Shriver. 1--WE are interested
in service"
Senator Hickenlooper, still
dubious, said he'd probably vote
to confirm Mr.. Shriver despite
the nebulous character Of the
whole scheme.
Senator Morse. Democrat of
Oregon, was much more SYM
pathetic.
I'm very envious Of you, I"
he said to Mr.. Shriver, "and
Of your great opportunity for
dedicated service"
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Navy Assured Of Role
In Space, Connolly Says

ments Of the Navy. and the
Army as well, will be met" he
said.
"This is the spirit in which
the Navy will pursue its activi-
ties and in which it will carry
out these directives."
Mr.. Connally said he would
not be "at all reluctant to come
before this committee and
sound the cry of alarm If I
felt that through this directive
or other directives the Nays
talents were not being properly
used"
Evening star., 1961-03-21

and biology are contributing
to a higher rate Of unemploy-
ment among Negroes than
among whites.
He also has been told that
union rules which ,disqualify
many Negroes from member
ship are increasing the num-
ber of Negro jobleSs.
When Mr.. Johnson was
named to head the committee
early this month, President
Kennedy clothed 1t with au-
thority to impose stiff penal
ties on contractors for racial
or religious discrimination on
Government projects. The
johnson committee also took
over the duties Of the old Gov
ernment Employees Committee.
Enforcement by Goldberg
The Vice President was re-
ported to have insisted that
enforcement operations be
placed under Secretary Of La
Dor Goldberg, named as vice
chairman of the group. Mr..
Goldberg may pass the primary
responsibility along to Jerry r.
Holleman, Assistant Secretary
and former labor union official.
President Kennedy today
named Mr.. Holleman executive
vice chairman Of the committee.
Thus complaints such as that
made yesterday by Clarence
Mitchell of the National Asso-
citation for the Advancement of
the Colored People will be chan
neled to the Labor Department
for review and action.
Mr.. Mitchell charged in a
telegram to Mr.. Johnson that
South Carolina plants holding
Government contracts are dis
eliminating against Negroes in
hiring workers.
MIR. johnson apparently has
reserved for himself and men,
bers of the parent committee
the broad field of policy
making.
To Urge Varied Fields
One of the factors that has
been brought to the Vice Presi-
dents attention is that most
Negroes with the opportunity
to gain a higher education &C
into medicine or dentistry. He
has been told that it is essen
tial that educational work bt
done in Negro communities tt
convince parents that theil
children should enter othel
fields which offer greater
chance for advancement.
The committee also has rur
into the difficulty that many
skilled crafts are handed dowr
from father and son. Negroe:
encounter barriers, for in,
stance, when they seek the ap.
premiership training necessary
to became a journeyman car
penter.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
WHICH WOULD HELP
YOUR FAMILY MORE?
Dividends from common stock
or growth in it's value?

or growth in it's value?
Good question. what you'd like most is income mOv-so
that dividends take Of of those current bills
then you'll put emphasis the dividends stock has been
paying But you're looking mostly future with those
growing family expenses in mind, then you'll probably be
more interested in stock that most likely grow in
value.
Or you may find bonds and preferred Stock with their
more stable interest dividends better suited your needs
Here's how ii works
When you buy stock, you become part Of
business the company makes profit you could share in
that profit through dividends If it grows the value Of your
stock could grow, too OF course if the company didn't
prosper it wouldn't pay dividends and the value Of your
stock would most likely decline.
Which companies will do best?
American business has grown and the long pull should
continue to grow In the next ten to twenty years there will
be families and more children. They'll need food
clothes and housing Our large businesses will have provide
will have to produce material to make these things
That means that many businesses will grow.
Who will own those growing businesses?
Today there are more than 12 million shareowners More
than half have family incomes of less than $4,000 year.
Why not consider joining them? If you have money and
above your regular living expenses and provision for
gencies you to your family at least to look into the
opportunities investing offers.
How to invest
The first step Is easy Call on Member Firm Of the New
York Stock Exchange It's part Of the job Of the Partner or
Registered Representative you talk to there help you get
good start And you'll find his advice friendly and free.
Each Registered Representative has had the Ex-
changes requirements for knowledge and understanding of
his business sk him for facts about companies and indus
tries that interest you You may want to invest lump sum-
then smaller amounts regularly through Monthly Invest
ment Plan With NIP you acquire full shares parts
OF shares with as little as $40 every three months.
Free Booklet
Send for DIVIDENDS OVER THE YEARS." It lists some $50
companies that have paid dividends every year 25 or
years and it lists those companies which have paid
progressively higher dividends during the last 10 years.
OOn your share of American business
Members New York
Stock Exchange
For Offices Members you New York Stock
Exchange in the stock broker section of the yellow Pages
BOOKLET Mail to Member Firm Of the Stock
Exchange the New York Stock Exchange Dept 1H Po
Box 1910 New York /, NY.
Please send me- Free DIVIDENDS OVER THE YEARS. basic guide
for common stock investment"
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Boy Wins. CYO
Orutory Contest

The 1861 Oratorical Contest
Of the Catholic Youth Organi-
zation Of Washington was
won by Jeffrey Radowich, Is,
of Archbishop Carroll High
School, representing the st.
Mary's Parish CYO Teen Club,
Landover Hills, Md.
Jeffrey is the son of Mr..
and Mrs. John F. Radowich,
6126 Eighty-fifth place, Car
rollton, Md. His father is an
information specialist with the
Veterans Administration.
Jeffrey competed with seven
Evening star., 1961-03-21
BIood-Fut Studied

CHICAGO.-Blood- fat levels
may be increased threefold
without increasing the likeli-
hood Of clotting, according to
q preliminary report on Cali
fornia studies still in progress.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
By WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer

The Navy has been assured
a continuing role In space, de-
spite a new Pentagon directive
that apparently turns most
military space work over to.
the Air Force.
This was the testimony today
Of Navy Secretary Connally
before the House Space Com
mittee. which Is investigating
implications of the space di-
rective. Mr.. Connally said he
had been assured by Defense
Secretary Mcnamara that the
new rule would be bent or even
broken to keep Navy space
scientists active.
Vice Admiral John T. Hay
ward, deputy chief Of naval
operations for development,
said he had been similarly re-
assured at a meeting which
he and Mr.. Connally had with
the Defense Secretary.
Mr.. Mcnamara told us to
keep our programs and con-
tinue with them. and If any
body interfered with them,
come to him." Admiral Hay
ward said.
Exceptions to Be Made
Speaking Of the Defense Sec
retary's promise at the same
meeting, Mr.. Connally said:
He further assured me =.
that if this directive did not
result in the requirements of
the Navy being met, then under
the directive, exceptions would
be made in order that the
Navy might itself pursue these
activities. Or even if neces-
sary, the directive might be al
tered to assure that the Navy
keeps the abilities and capabil-
tiles to perform its naval mis-
sions."
There was no doubt that the
Navy high command considers
space vital to its mission. A
statement by Assistant Secre-
tary Wakelin at the same
House committee hearing made
that clear. Mr.. Wakelin said:
II am convinced that space
technology and space systems
are essential to keeping the
Navy's strength and readiness
at a top level. E.
Vital to Security
ITO me, it is vital to our
security that unnecessary re-
strictions are not imposed on
the ability of the Navy to ana
lyze space technology, to con-
duct space research, and to
create space systems to improve
sea power and to further the
national space eAort."
Mr.. Connally told the COM
mittee that the Navy does not
buy the notion that space
activity is an end in itself.
From the Navy point Of view
space is but an extension of
where we operate now," he said.
The gist of the Navy testi-
mony was that nothing had
been changed by the directive.
The Air Force, however, inter-
prets the ruling as giving that
service primacy in space and
the Army reads it as severely
limiting the Army's space role.
Assurance Satisfactory
While Mr.. Connally conceded
some dissatisfaction originally
with the ruling, he said he was
satisfied after receiving Mr.
McNamara's reinsurance.
with the feeling that
believe ] know the Secretary Of
Defense has, I am sure this
directive will be administered
in such a way that the require
Evening star., 1961-03-21

other finalistS at Ursuline High
School, Bethesda, on Sunday
night. More than 300 students
entered the contest. Jeffrey
will represent the CYO Of
Washington in the National
CYO Oratorical Contest at the
Shoreham Hotel here at 2
pm, April 2.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Trip by Bourguibu

OTTAWA, Mar. 81 (AP).-
President Habib Bourguiba Of
Tunisia will come here for a
state visit May /, the govern
ment announced.
Evening star., 1961-03-21
Johnson Eyes Steps
To oLiHGNeqro SkiIIs
BY JACK BELL
Associated Press Staff Writer

Vice President johnson reported studying recommenda
ton for intensified training Of Negroes to lessen racial job
discrimination.
AS chairman Of the Presidents Committee Equal
poyment Opportunities Mr. johnson has received reports
indicating that lack Of ss in engineering chemistry physics
Evening star., 1961-03-21
A SUSPICIOUS SENATOR
ShriVer Encounters
Peace Corps Skeptic
By MARY McGRORY
Star Staff Writer

Senators like everybody ese-fascnated by
Corps the Kennedy program which others has cap
tured the country'S imagination.
Today when the director, R. Sargent Shrver
fore the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
nomination Senators piled him questions about how the
Milford chronicle., 1961-10-20
AFS Corner

Applications have been received
IN the principals office for the AFS
Americans Abroad Program for the
summer of 1862 and the school pro-
gram of 1862 and 63 Students of
Milford High School in the present
Junior class are eligible. and also a
few Of the present Seniors who
would spend the year abroad in
stead of the first semester in coll
ege in America.
An assembly was held last week
AT school to present students who
had participated in this program
last summer. The Sophomores
heard personal experiences of ATS
returnees from Japan, Denmark,
and the Philippines. All felt that
1t was wonderful experience and
an opportunity of lifetime.
The local AFS chapter is offering
a scholarship of $3.50 and the Stu
dent Council is adding a minimum
OF 500 to help defray the costs If
Milford student should be select
ed to participate for the coming
year. 1t is hoped Milford could send
a summer and a winter student.