davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-31
LutIlerans See
State Aid as
Hospital PitfaII
BY CASPER NAMES
Star staff Writer

DETROIT, Jan 81. - Re-
ligious groups were warned to
exercise extreme caution in
accepting public tax funds for
hospital construction in q re-
port to the opening session Of
the National Lutheran Council
today.
The statement from the
councils Social Trends Com
mittee asserted accepting pub
lie tax funds for church hos
pitals contains greater pitfalls
for the church than for the
State" -
It insisted the success Of q
"church-state relationship so
delicate and complex will stand
or fall upon the alertness and
integrity of the citizens and
churches concerned" and sug-
gested the following proce-
dureS be used when Federal
loans or grants are accepted
Accept public tax funds
for their hospitals only when
the possibility Of providing
much-needed facilities under
public auspicies has been
thoroughly explored and found
not feasible.
The report stated that where
there may be q conflict be-
tween the convictions Of q pa =
tient or member of the medical
staff and the doctrines Of q
church operating such a hos
pital the fact that the church
has accepted public tax funds
for the construction of hospital
facilities should prohibit it
legally and morally from i'm
posing sectarian policy or any
form Of Sectarian pressure upon
persons Of another faith"
The report further asserted,
"The purpose Of the State in
making such grants from public
tax funds should be solely that
Of leading q clearly recognized
public need not otherwise served.
Where churches are party to
the transaction, sectarian OBJ
jectives which are inevitably
furthered thereby must be of
incidental consideration"
Representatives of six major
Lutheran Church bodies, hav-
ing q combined membership of
SIS million Lutherans, attended
the opening session OF the 43d
annual meeting Of the National
Lutheran Council In the De-
troit Leland Hotel. DR.. Nor
man A. Menter Of Berkley,
Mich. Is council president.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
MERCURY
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
Grissom. was in St. Louis in
connection with Project Mer-
curry business.
The chimp used q Mercury
capsule similar to the ones
human astronauts will ride.
With his every breath. he tested
the capsules life support sys-
TEN. This was the first test
of the breathing. air condition
ing and pressure system In
flight or in an extended period
Of weightlessness.
For 41a minutes during the
flight. the support system and
the chimp operated free Of
gravity.
BY telemetered data and,
later. by films. scientists will
learn how the chimp reacted to
the launching. weightlessneSs
Evening star., 1961-01-31
TOBRINER

COnt1nueQ from F1rSt f1ks
commissioners customarily. but
not necessarily, Is elected pres
ident Of the board.
Mr.. Mclaughlin. q Republi-
can, said yesterday that he
feels the civilian commissioner
backed by the White House
for the board presidency should
be elected.
Mr.. Tobriner, So. is q native
Of Washington. He attended
the Sidwell Friends School here
and went to Princeton UNI
versity where he became a Phi
Beta Kappa student. He was
graduated from Harvard Law
School in 1925. He has en-
gagged in the private practice
Of law here since then, except
for wartime service as Q major
in the Air Force assigned to
the Pentagon as chief Of the
mid-central procurement dis
trict.
Active in civic and political
affairs, he Is president Of the
Washington Hospital Center as
well IS the District Board Of
Education. A member OF the
District Democratic Central
Committee. Mr.. Tobriner was q
delegate at the 1856 and 1860
Democratic National Conven-
tons.
Mark Sullivan, the man he
will replace as a District Com
missioner. has been serving
under a recess appointment by
President Eisenhower since last
September 2. Mr.. Eisenhower
nominated Mr.. Sullivan for the
post August 8 but the Senate
never acted on the nomination.
Mr.. Salinger said that Mr..
Reeves, as special assistant to
the President, will handle a
variety Of duties" including
work in the field of minority
affairs.
Mr.. Reeves has been active
as an attorney in civil rights
litigation. He served in 1940-2
as assistant to Thurgood Mar.
shall. special counsel for the
National Association for the
Advancement of Colored Peo-
pie.
Mr.. Reeves was elected q
Democratic National Commit
teeman last May. the first
Negro to serve in that capac-
ity from the District.
II he should be named q
District Commissioner next
July. he would be the first
Negro to serve on the board.
Report Confirmed
Andrew Hatcher. assistant
White House press secretary
confirmed q story. in The Star
yesterday reporting the immi-
nent appointment of Mr.. Reeves
as a District Commissioner
when questioned by Television
Station WTOP-Tv. the station
reported last night.
In its IL pm. local news
telecast, WTOP-TV said the
station had received the con.
firmation during the afternoon
and that two hours later thu
appointment of Mr.. Tobrinel
was announced at the Whit,
House without explanation.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
Kennedy0ffers
March Il as
Atom TaIkDate
By EARL H. VOSS
star Staff Writer

President Kennedy has sug-
gested March 81 to the Soviet
Union and Great Britain as
the date for q resumption of
negotiations on IAN effective
and enforceable" nuclear test
ban.
Neither the British nor the
Russians have answered his
request for q six-week post
ponement but officials expect
no difficulties.
The Presidents reference in
yesterdays state-of the Union
message to American wiling
ness to reach final agreement
with "any nation that is equally
willing to agree to an effective
and enforceable treaty" was
taken to mean he is ready to
sign q treaty with Red China.
Experts in Conference
The 13-man panel of experts
Mr.. Kennedy named last We'd
nesday night met in Washing
ton Friday and Saturday to
block out areas Of study be-
fore making recommendations
to Disarmament Administrator
John j. McCloy and the Pres
ident.
The groups main task will
be to decide how much longer
the United States can afford
to continue its 27-month-old
moratorium on nuclear weap-
ons tests. 1t will evaluate the
gains the United States would
make by reSuming tests and
balance these against the ad-
vantageS the Russians could
achieve If they resumed tests
or If they were already testing
security.
While the Atomic Energy
Commission has not advocated
a resumption Of testing, it has,
in its annual report to Con-
gress released yesterday. en-
phasized the handicaps Of the
present voluntary moratorium.
The 13-man advisory panel,
headed by DR.. James B. Fisk
of Bell Telephone Laboratories,
is composed mainly of scien-
fists from Acc weapons-devel-
opment laboratories and weap-
acknowledgement positions.
John A. McCone, Acc chair
man until January 20, limited
broadly at what the Acc scien-
lists advice on test resump-
tions is likely to be.
Our weapons scientists" he
said in the foreword to the
annual Acc report to Congress.
ARE convinced that further
nuclear testing would achieve
major advances in weapons de-
sign"
AS for possible Russian gains,
Mr.. McCone said:
I'VE must not assume that
the United States is the only
nation that could achieve dra-
matte advances in nuclear
weapons technology the
military advantages to be
gained from clandestine nu-
clear testing are great. and
the probabilities of detecting
and identifying clandestine
tests are very small. This will
be the free worlds situation
so long as there is an unpo-
Iced de facto moratorium on
nuclear weapons testing"
While the ACC recognizes a
Evening star., 1961-01-31

use, offers a promising ap-
proach to family planning
including not only the spacing
of children, but also new hope
for the childless. You'll find
the facts in the February issue
of Readers Digest-now on
sale. Get your copy today.
Evening star., 1961-01-31

test ban treaty might make a
significant start towards arms
control. Mr.. McCone said. ut
would be quite another matter,
however to continue indefinitely
a self-imposed moratorium on
the testing Of nuclear weapons
while the means of testing vio-
lations does not exist"
The Acc reported yesterday
1t had been retiring obsoles-
cent weapons, undermining
"older and less efficient de-
signs in stockpile," and pro-
viding warheads for new weap-
ons systems.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
Now! Never before published facts about
The birth control pill

February Readers Digest
reports on a revolutionary
hormone which can prevent
or increase fertility!
Learn how this new pill,
now approved by the U. S.
Food and Drug Administra-
tion for general prescription
Evening star., 1961-01-31

failed to act on their own. Mr..
Kennedy called the benefits
"meager." Advocates Of Fed
eral standards also contend
that the existing system en-
courages States to compete with
each other in attracting indus
try by offering low payroll
taxes as q lure.
Opponents Of Federal stand
ards contend that unemploy-
ment compensation should con-
tinue to be essentially a State
program.
Many economists maintain
that liberalization Of unem-
ployment compensation in
some form would be one Of the
most effective. quick-acting
steps the Government could
take to combat the recession.
They reason that the benefits
would 60 directly to those who
had the least money and who
would pump the payments into
the economy almost imme-
diately.
Meanwhile. the Labor De-
partment reported yesterday
that the number of unem-
ployed workers collecting bene-
fit payments decreased to
3.194. 900 in the week ended
January II from 3,289 800 the
preceding week. But the total
still was a record high for the
second week in January, and
exceeded the year-earlier level
by l.008.500.
The rate Of insured unem-
ployment-not adjusted for
seasonal factors-declined to
10 per cent in the week ended
January IL from 81 per cent
the preceding week. but topped
the year-earlier rate Of 5.6 per
cent.
The department attributed
the week-to-week decline partly
to decreasing layoffs in the ap-
parel and machinery industries
and partly to severe winter
weather, which prevented some
claimants from getting to State
offices to collect their pay
mentS.
Experts said they could not
interpret the significance Of the
decline in insured unemploy-
ment in relation to total unem-
ployment figures covering the
whole labor force. Unemploy- =
n1ent totaled As million. in De-
cember. and the report for
January-due in about 10 days
lis expected to show an in
crease to at least SIS million.
Initial claims for unemploy-
ment OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
new jobleSsness-declined sea-
sonally to 488.300 during the
week ended January 81 from
564, 100 in the preceding week,
the department reported. The
year-earlier figure was 353, 500.
In eight large States that re-
ported. 1880 un EN- ploye d
workers exhausted their eligi-
bility during the week ended
January 2l. This compared with
q, 400 the preceding week.
Evening star., 1961-01-31

and re-entry. In particular they
will learn II the animal con-
tinued to do tasks he has been
taught for months.
Taught to Pull Levers
The selected chimpanzee
was taught to pull two levers
to avoid electric shocks. One
must be pulled every 20 seconds
or less and the other when a
blue light flashes every two
minutes.
The . flight animal was
selected and weighed yester-
day. So was a backup chimp
"in case the first one gets q
case Of yellow" a National
AeronauticS and Space Ad-
ministration official joked. Ac-
tually. It was anticipated the
first animal might become sick
or nervous.
Several hours before the
flight. sensors were attached to
both chimps' skin. The devices
detect heart rate. breathing
and body temperature.
Held in q restraining gar
ment. the chimp was carried
up the launching pad tower
and placed in his couch in the
spacecraft.
Pressurized Couch
He wore no pressure suit.
Instead. the whole couch was
canopied and pressurized.
AS will the human. astro-
nauts. the chimp had been
protected from embarrassment
by a low residue diet.
For re-entry, an autopilot Is
designed to orient the space
craft in q heat.shield- down
lpoSition. AS the craft descends
to about so miles altitude, air
friction builds UP heat on the
outside OF the craft.
+ AT $1,000 feet. q small para
chute unfurls and at 10000
feet. a 63-foot chute swells
An underwater charge designed
to aid searchers Is also dropped
Rescuers Ready
Ships and helicopters have
been stationed in the Atlantic
to track the floating capsule
by radio beacon and marking
dye and fish it out.
NASA officials have an
nounced that the chimp will
60 into seclusion for three.zor
four days for q complete physi-
cal and other tests after his
return to earth. 80.
Officials also promised to
name the chimp as soon as
they are assured the flight is
successful.
Some reporters suggested the
chimp would deserve not only
q name but a ticker tape parade
through New York and q re-
i ception by the President.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
ADA Unit to Meet

The Washington Chapter of
Americans for Democratic Ac-
ton will meet at 8 o'clock to-
night In the Washington Post
Auditorium. 1915 L street NV.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
JOBLESS

Continued From First Page
instead of loans, all the States
presumably will participate.
Problem at Top Of List
Mr.. Kennedy in his state of
the Union address yesterday
put unemployment compensa-
ton at the top of his list Of
specific measures to combat the
recession. He told Congress he
would propose legislation Ito
improve unemployment COM
pensation through temporary
increases in duration on q self
supporting basis"
He noted that about $50, 900
workers recently have been ex-
hausting their eligibility for
b efits each month. The
amount and duration OF bene.
fits Is left to the States to de-
eide under existing law.
The law theoretically levies
a 3 per cent Federal payroll tax
on employers with four or more
covered workers. This tax Is
scheduled to rise to 81 per cent
next year.
Evening star., 1961-01-31
80 Pct. Forgiven

The Federal Government for
gives 80 per cent Of the tax on
employers in States that set up
acceptable unemployment COM
pensation syste All the
States have Joined the program.
Because of forgiveness of 80
per cent Of the 3 per cent tax.
the Federal Government has
been collecting 0.3 per cent
with an increase to o. per cent
scheduled for next year. The
Federal share is used to pay
for administering the un-
employment ompen alto n
system.
1t is the Federal share of
the tax that would be increased
under the Kennedy admins
tration's tentative plan. The
amount of the increase re-
portedly would be small. and 1t
might be temporary-expiring
when the need for extending
benefit eligibility ended.
Payroll taxes levied by the
States vary widely, averaging
1.9 per cent at last count. That
raises the combined Federal
State tax to % per cent Of pay
roll on the average. The taxes
collected by the States are
deposited in their accounts at
the Federal Treasury. The
States withdraw money from
their accounts to pay benefits
to jobless workers.
President Kennedy's original
speech text said he would pro-
pose temporary increases in the
amount as we'll as the duration
Of unemployment compensa-
ton payments. but he dropped
the reference to amount.
1t is understood that the
administration is seriously con-
sidering a proposal for perma-
nent revision OF the law to es-
tablish Federal standards for
both the amount and duration
Of benefit payments. This
would explain the reference to
amount. although it was out OF
context in the discussion of q
temporary program.
The argument for Federal
standards to fix the amount
and duration Of benefits is
that the individual States have
Evening star., 1961-01-31

Mr.. Guaderrama replied that
the Gearing had not come pre-
pared to fight. That ended
that.
II beg your pardon" the
Spanish voice said. Thanks
very much"
The Gearing lowered the
whaleboat and Admiral Smith
and his party made the cross
ing swiftly.
Galvao had declared readiness
to unload the trapped tourists
but he was awaiting q promise
Of immunity from Brazil's new
President Quadros that neither
he nor the Santa Maria woulc
be. turned over to Portuguese
Dictator Antonio de Oliveirs
Salazar.
A representative Of the Por.
Evening star., 1961-01-01


special missions for the President.
He also appointed Robert C.
Weaver Of New York to be the
new Housing and Home Finance
Administrator. Mr.. Weaver is q
Negro. He win be assuming the
highest political post ever held
by . member Of his race In the
United States.
In addition to maintaining the
high caliber Of his appointments,
Mr.. Kennedy indicated that any
vindictive leanings he might have
and some observers fear that he
might-are well under control.
He demonstrated this to a de-
gree when he named John B.
Connally. jr., Of Texas, as Navy
Secretary. Mr.. Connally, pre-
convention campaign manager
for Senator Lyndon johnson,
fought hard to block o Kennedy
nomination at Los Angeles. OF
course. his selection also was q
gesture to Mr.. johnson.
While the President-elect wants
the best men available" he ap-
parently doesn't hold himself to
be the sole judge Of who is best.
That Is. he has not always insist
ed that his personal choice get
the job.
This was indicated in the selec-
ton Of Roswell Gilpatric as
Deputy Secretary Of Defense. Ac-
cording to q Democratic source
Mr.. Kennedy wanted Paul Nitze,
who was subsequently appointed
Assistant Secretary of Defense
Evening star., 1961-01-01
'Super-C Coution'

Roy wilkins, executive secretary
Of the National Association for
the Advancement Of Colored Peo-
pie. told q Washington conference
Of representatives Of Il labor.
political and civic ORGANIZATIONS
that he was tired Of the "all-
pervading atmosphere of super-
caution" in Democratic strategy
conferences.
He observed that 10 per cent of
the Negroes who voted cast their
ballots for Mr.. Kennedy. His point:
These Negroes do not want to have
civil rights measures put on the
shelf because they might block
other liberal legislation.
The ultra liberal Americans for
Democratic Action got in some
licks against some Of Mr.. Ken
nedy's legislative lieutenants. They
criticized three leaders Tor Snip
ing" at the Kennedy legislative
program: Mr.. Rayburn for in.
dicating he may not 60 along with
bill to raise teachers salaries:
Senator Kerr Of Oklahoma for
saying he opposed the social Sc
curity system approach for aid
to the aged and Senator Mansfield
for his unwillingness to open Con-
gress with a fight against the
fllibuster.
They might have tagged Senator
Fulbright. too. He told newsmen
on Wednesday that he believed no
early effort should be made to
raise the minimum wage from 81
to $1.25 an hour, as called for In
the Democratic platform.
All this would indicate that Mr..
Evening star., 1961-01-01

for international Security Affairs.
Defense Secretary McNamara
wanted Eugene Zuckert. named as
Air Force Secretary last week.
But Senator Symington of Mis-
souri, and Clark Clifford, Mr..
Kennedy's liaison man with the
outgoing Eisenhower administers
ton. pushed for Mr.. Gilpatric.
Messrs. Symington, Clifford and
Gilpatric all served on q panel
which produced O new Perltagon
reorganization plan for Mr.. Ken
nedy. The President.elect, whose
cautious and rather noncommittal
comment on the plan probably
was q blow to the Symington
pride. bowed to the Senator's
wishes and gave the post to MIR.
Gilpatric.
Among other Kennedy ap-
pointees announced last week
were these:
Archibald Cox. 4s, q Harvard
law professor. as Solicitor Cen
eral.
Robert Roosa. "a, q vice presi-
dent Of the New York Federal
Reserve Bank, as Undersecretary
Of the Treasury for Monetary
Affairs.
Rex M. Whitton, 50, chief en-
gineer Of the Missouri Highway
Department. as Federal Highway
Administrator.
Mr.. Kennedy still has a couple
hundred more second and third.
level appointments to make, q
Evening star., 1961-01-01

air support. had invaded Laos
from North Wet Nam. Most
Western diplomats promptly dis
counted the Vientiane communi-
que, noting that the troops de-
scribed could be Pathet Laos
forces. or even Wet Nam units
unaware of the poorly defined
border.
But the State Department and
the Central Intelligence Agency
took serious view Of the report,
which was supported by intelli-
gence from the United States
Embassy in Vientiane. Mr.. Eisen-
hover, in calling the emergency
meeting, sought first of. all to
definitely Identify the alleged
invaders and to learn their pur-
pose.
If the Boun Gum reports are
verified. direct United States
military action in Laos is possible
even today. Mr.. Eisenhower is
reported determined to prevent a
Communist take-over. in Laos.
London and Paris, the two other
capitals in the Big Three alliance.
were at odds with Washington,s
policymakers over the United
States policies toward Laos.
Since Laos gained independence
after the dissolution of French
Indo-C China, the United States has
poured an unusually large amount
OF military aid into the mountain
kingdom whose frontiers are so
strategically important to South
east Asia's defenses. American
policy has been in the Dulles ira
dition: NeutralistS are worse than
Communists, or almost so.
Thus when. last summer a
swift coup by an enterprising
young paratrooper, Capt. Kong
lie, ousted the rightist government
in Vientiane the United States
was annoyed. Prince Souvanna
Phouma. an avowed neutralist but
no Communist. took over as Pre-
mier on a program for a broad
coalition government which would
include the pro-communist Pa
thet Lao.
There was a period Of indeci-
sion N Washington and even o
cessation Of financial aid to Laos
while top policyplakers sought to
learn what was really going on.
When they decided, 1t was in
favor Of Gen. Phoumi Nosavan,
who led portion Of the Laoti...
army in a right-wing revolt
against Prince Souvanna's gov
ernment.
Gen. Nosavan has succeeded In
capturing the capital and in in
stalling a rightist. pro-Western
government. The leftist rebels
have withdrawn into the hills and
valleys, where they are being sup
piled by Communist airlift trans
ports. Gen. Nosavan, the strong
man Of the Vientiane government.
is likewise benefiting by the open
support Of American military
equipment, supplies, heavy weap-
ons and ammunition.
Evening star., 1961-01-01
YugosIovio:
Which Way?

Almost Immediately after the
International Monetary Fund,
with the assistance of a number
OF Western nations, pledged
some $275 million In standy-by
credits to Yugoslavia, that ma
tion's President Josip Broz Tito
blamed the West for the current
chill in the cold war.
Independence" to President
Tito must be indeed q word of al
most daily challenge. When he
asserted his countrys inuepend.
ence TO Moscow,s total tutelage in
l947 he risked personal death and
national disaster. He won.
Since that victory was con-
firmed by the momentous visit of
Soviet Party Chieftain Khru-
shchev in 1855. Marshal Tito has
held to his precepts with dignity
and determination. He has not
yielded to the men Of the Krem-
lin even on occasions when ac-
quiescence would have seemed the
better part Of prudence.
In foreign affairs since 1947,
and increasingly so with the pas
sage Of years and the steady
growth Of Yugoslav political and
economic strength. the Belgrade
policies have been most accurate
ly described as "neutralist." Presi-
dent Tito has made common and
effective cause with India's Java
harlal Nehru, Indonesia's Sukar-
no. and the UAR's President
NaSser.
But, like India, Yugoslavia's
neutralism has antagonized many
in the West who proceed OH the
simple assumption Of the Chicago
Pullman strikers Of the 1905:
He who amt with us is agin'
us. :"
Last week the fortnight Tito
was once again inspiring edito-
rials in the Western press: Al
most to the day that he received
a handsome hand from the West
Tor Yugoslavia's economic devel-
opment and currency reform he
found 1t advisable to blame West
ern policies for the current icy
state Of world affairs and to say
that, in most cases, his country's
views on international affairs
paralleled those Of the Soviet
Union.
The action Of the international
Monetary Fund (of which Yugo-
Continued on Page B-4