davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-13
BOYS Life at so

Inc world was a relatively simple
and pleasant place when Boys Life"
made its bow so years ago this month.
Generally speaking, our own country in
that March of 1911 was still enjoying
the pleasures of splendid isolation in an
age Of innocence (more or less), and
the new magazine reflected the rather
quiet, easy-going, unsophisticated ma
ture OF our American way in those dear
dead days beyond recall.
Thus we find In the publications
first iSsue-which has been reprinted
and widely circulated by Boys Life" to
celebrate its 50th anniversary-what
seem now to be naive adventure stories,
Stilted articles on how to do this, that
and the other thing, quaint pen-and- ink
sketches and slightly hilarious adver-
tisementS that would never come out of
Madison Avenue today. Still, there is a
certain charm, touch of quality and
spirit of sincerity about 1t all that make
1t compare favorably with the fine,
much more artfully edited current
March number of the same magazine,
which the Boy Scouts of America acL
4uAACO AL Ao41 dllO WAl4OA1 A1eS 1IOuEISIl6Q
ever since, growing constantly in paid
circulation to present high Of 81 mil
lion copies every month
The purpose of Boys Life" has al
ways been, and still Is, to present good,
wholesome reading material to the
youth Of America. The magazines very
first issue set the tone in that respect
i with an inSpirational article that en-
braced couple Of quotations well worth
the attention of all of us, no matter
what our age. One reads as follows
He reUelled beneath the moon,
And slept beneath the-,Sun,
He ltued life of gotng to do,
And died ,0tth nothing done.
And the other quotation points up
the moral of the story, and gives superb
advice to everybody in our own time,
with these lines: ...
Cease to dGUdle, begin to run.
Cease, to talk. begin to fight.
Cease to dream. begin to do.
May Boys Life continue to enjoy.
good health and hand out sage counsel
!. Of this sort for many more decades to-
come. st 2. ls@@t a4sf
Evening star., 1961-03-13
On the Trail of Twisters

The Weather Bureau has joined with
several other Federal agencies in a
timely research project designed to learn
more about the formation and habits
Of that dreaded severe local storm"
known as the tornado. The under
taking is timely because the tornado
season is at hand again-as recent news
stories from the Southwest, Midwest
and South have Indicated And Wash
ington is not immune from the twister
threat, either, although the funnel
shaped stormclouds are rarely seen In
these parts.
The new attack on the tornado
problem will be known as the National
Severe Storms Project. It is apart from
the hurricane operations of
the Weather Bureau, for hurricanes,
unlike tornadoeS, are more easily pre-
dicted than the sudden, violent wind
storms which annually do so much
damage in the so-called tornado belt.
Headquarters of the tornado project
will be in Kansas City, Missouri, which
is near the heart Of the danger zone.
Radar to probe developing squall
lines that may spawn twisters, aircraft
with special instruments to study such
storms and other apparatus to keep
tab on them will be contributed and
operated by the various cooperating
agencies. These include, in addition to
the Weather Bureau, the Federal Avia-
tton Agency, the Air Force, the Navy, the
Army Signal Corps and university re-
search organizations. .t}..15 e. I'd II
tsss The task will be far from easy,
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Argues for Aquarium

Those objecting to eStab-
liShment Of q national
aquarium here do not realize
the Importance of this pro-
ject. Bill HR Ill specifically
authorizes establishment Of
a national aquarium Con
tanning displays of fresh
water (this includes tropical
fish and salt water speci-
mems Of fish, and shellfish.
Also in the plans are q
fisheries museum, and an
auditorium, exhibit halls, and
meeting rooms particularly
suitable for use by public
organizations concerned with
fish and fishing. There will
be several darkened alcoves
in the aquarium that will
feature short movies that can
be viewed by the visitors.
The benefit to the general
public Of this project can be
more fully realized when you
consider that there are some
5000 bus loads of school
children that visit Washing
ton each year. Nearly every
one Of them would visit the
aquarium. The aquarium in
New York City has over 2
million visitors each year,
ours will have over 3 million.
There Is no end to the edu-
cational advantages and ia
cilitieS that this new center
can offer. The original bill
stated that the project is to
be self-sustaining. If In ad-
dition q small admittance
fee is charged, the project
could pay for itself in 20
years.
The aquarium that is be-
ing considered is q Federal
project, to be operated and
paid for by the Federal Gov
ernment.
Some local citizens have
voiced the opinion that an
aquarium should not be built
until the ZOO is fixed up.
It is no secret that our ZOO
is in terrible shape. but who's
fault is that? The ZOO is
underStaffed, and the present
staff is underpaid. The
Smithsonian is q place for.
inanimate objects and dead
animals for scientific study.
It should not be running a
zoo. The ZOO should be
placed in the hands of the
proper authorities. in this
case, the Interior Depart
ment, Fish and Wildlife Di-
vision. I would suggest that
the above groups devote their
energies to this worthwhile
cause.
Jerald L. Miller.
Secretary.
National Aquarium Society
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Not Runninu-Now

gs Richard M. Nixon has given his
first answer, but possibly not his last
one, on his political plans for 1852
After comforting in Sacramento with
group OF California Republican col
leagues, the former Vice President all
thorized statement that he is not a
candidate for Governor of the big West
ern State and that he has mo intention
to be candidate or to institute draft"
While there are no grounds for
questioning Mr.. Nixon's statement or his
intent, one Of the conferees pointed out
Immediately that the party'S 1860 preSi-
Dental nominee cannot be counted out
entirely as a gubernatorial candidate
since California Republicans may not be
able to find anyone else Of comparable
strength. In other words, a draft-Nixon
movement might be instituted without
his initiative. 1t is possible, too, of
course, that Mr.. Nixon might change his
mind before the autumn Of 1862.
Both the job and the man involved
IN this particular instance are highly
important to Republican plans and
prospects. On the basis of the latest
census, California takes unchallenged
place as the Second-largest State in the
Union with its bloc of presidential elec-
toral votes out-ranked only by that of
New York State. It will be handsome
prize In the presidential election of 1864,
and control of the governorship and the
State administration should prove ad-
vantageouS to the party so blessed.
hU n
candidate Pat Brown won the governor
ship in 1858 and is expected to run again
next year.
AS for Mr.. Nixon himself, there has
been much speculation whether he will
be candidate for the Republican presi-
Dental nomination in 1854 One line
OF such speculation has been that he
might step aside in that year, perhaps
clearing the way for Governor Rookie
. feller Of New York. In event of G. O.P.
defeat, Mr.. Nixon might succumb to new
interest in White House residency in
l968. ;All Of this might well take place
and might, indeed, prove to be sound
political strategy. If it has an obvious
weakness, however, 1t lies in two uues-
tions: /. How does Mr.. Nixon propose
to establish and maintain a base of po-
htical operations If he is disinterested in
the California governorship, or feels it
beyond his reach? 2. Would Mr.. Rookie
feller, or whoever is the G. o. P. presi-
Dental nominee in 1854, be agreeably
willing in turn to step aside in 1868?
There is considerable time, of
course, for marieuVering before conven-
..tion days in 1864. It is fair guess that
1t will be some time yet before the final
plans of Mr.. Nixon, Mr. Rockefeller and
the G. o. P. itself will unfold defini-
lively.
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Church and School,

Reviewing your March 7
editorial. Church and
School," I note with fascina-
ton the speed and efficiency
with which this controversial
subject has replaced the is
sues of the requirement for
and potential effects of cen
tralized collection and distri-
button of funds for edu-
cation. Editorial writer's,
columniSts. commenta ors,
and reporters throughout the
Nation have taken up the
new controversy. to the al
most total extinction of the
original questions.
The substitution of a con-
flict which, as your editorial
recognizes, is currently and
conStitutionally resolvable in
only one way, but which
furnishes some heat and
much sound in becoming so
resolved, is not a new dis
covery in political maneuver.
Publicly assuming that basic
issues have already been re-
solved, and that the only re-
naming questions are those
of the details of application
of new authority, is q tech
nique deserving reverence, If
only because it antedates
Caesar Augustus.
OF course, the technique of
substituting an essentially
nonexistent issue for q gen.
uine subject, often called
building q straw man for
demolition" might not have
been invented and applied
over the ages, If the media
of public intelligence did not
perennialiy accept the sub
stitution, perennially give
flesh and. blood to the latest
straw man, and perennially
assist in his demise while
ignoring the genuine and liv-
ing issue. s
Witness the subject editor
ial, which accepts the assump-
ton that Federal collection
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Displaced Persons

The attention of your read
ers should be directed to the
most recent debacle in the
Southwest Redevelopment
Area. A number Of dwellings,
billed as town houses" be-
cause Of their small size but
certainly not their charm,
have been erected behind the
Capitol Park Apartments and
are being offered for rent at
prices UP to $3.50 per month.
This figure is for a house
originally claimed to contain
four bedrooms, but whichsis
now admitted to be a three
bedroom unit.
Presumably the displaced
citizens of the area are being
given the first chance to rent
these properties, and that is
only proper, but it remains to
be seen how many will be in a
position to pay this exorbi-
tant rent. 1t occurs to me
that the "raison d'etre" Of
the whole redevelopment plan
was to give the slum dwelIers
q better place in which to live.
but then maybe my memory
is playing tricks on me!
The deficiencies Of these
houses are more numerous
than a casual inspection would
disclose. For instance, there Is
no storage space for such ne
cessitieS as out = of, = season
clothes. or trunks, or suit
cases. Another feature hardly
, anticipated in o property
costing $3.50 per month (util-
tiles not included, of course)
is that space is provided for
only one trash can, and that
is in a cubicle next to the
front door. One would think
that the Redevelopment Land
Agency might properly class
this as an element Of slum
living.
I urge every citizen to in
spect these houses. Perhaps
enough, public Indignation
can be aroused thereby to
force q change In the machi-
nations Of the RIA and the
builder 1t has chosen to pro-
vide q new face for this over
blighted area.
Patrick ]. Hannah.
Poor Mr.. Tobriner! On the
front page you printed Mr..
Tobriner's inaugural ad-
dress" hopes for "a system Of
effective highways that will
attract the young families
back to the District from the
suburbs. Then on page B-1
you report that 2,232 families
will be displaced by highway
construction in the District
in the next five years. And
where to put all thes e
families!
I make a suggestion. Put
these bright young suburban
ties in the sacroSanct trees Of
the National Arboretum.
Woods make good New From
tiers and the DPS can replace
them in the suburbs.
Peter Glickert.
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Patronage

The trouble with Demo-
Gratis when they get into the
White House is that they are
just plain gluttonous, undigJ
nified and unSportsmanlike
where patronage is concerned.
It would seem to any
thoughtful person that this
attitude is particularly seri-
Gus and dangerous where the
administration Of justice is
concerned. How can respect
for law and faith in our
judicial system be expected
from the common man when
our politicians. from the
White House and Justice De-
partment on down, make the
appointment of our judges
such a purely partisan mat
ter?
Everyone knows by this
time that the last Democratic
Congress consistently refused
to approve any of President
Eisenhower's appointments to
judgeshipS, and that this
crucial need of the country
for more judges took q purely
secondary place to the po-
litical gain the Democrats
hoped to get out Of their
appointment. Can this sort
of thing really be beneficial
to their party?
Perhaps a reminder is
needed that a Democrat Is
in the White House by a
minority vote; that all the
people Of the United States
are subject to the decisions
Of the appointed judges; and
all the people have a right
to expect justice from both
the judges and the politi-
clans.
Former Democrat.
Evening star., 1961-03-13
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Explosive Action of Heavenly Bodies
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

through distant space. This
light speed gives some indi-
cation Of the distance Of the
system of which the explod-
ing star is a part.
The recent Carnegie and
Swiss work indicates that the
super novae actually are Of
two types. In each case.
however. the explosion is so
violent and the heat so in
tense that everything within
many light years would be
wiped out of existence.
i n = u
There are big differences in
the chemistry of different
parts of Creation.
This has been revealed In
a Carnegie Institution Of
Washington report on the atr
moSpheres of various distant
stars compared to that Of the
sun.
These differences presum-
ably involved variations in ,
the forms of matter hardly
conceivable on earth. The OBJ .,
servations were carried out at,
the institutions Mount Will
son and Mount Palomar OBJ
servatories In California. Il
Contains More Lithium l."
In one large group of stars,
for example, DR.. Horace w.
Bocock Of the Carnegie staff
reports that the element
lithium is lOo-fold more
abundant than in the sun
or any of its satellites. These
stars, Of the So-called Taurio
type, are in the process of
condensation in regions Of
high interstellar gas and dust
They all apparently. !, are
undergoing unknown. evolu-,
tionary processes resulting In
the production of lithiunl,,
Its concentration in the gas
and dust themselves is now
believed to be high.
The lithium may be pro-
duced, DR.. Bocock believes,
by the impact Of low energy
cosmic rays on atoms of other,
elements. 1t is believed that
fluxes Of such low energy rays,
may take place often In the
process Of star formation.
Evening star., 1961-03-13

of school taxes and Federal
control over their ALLEGATION
is a. necessary and proper
situation which Is being jeop-
ardized by a controversy over
participation by nonpublic
institutions. I was unaware
that the necessity and pro-
priety Of such central con-
troll over school dollars had
been finally established. Can
you tell me when, where and
by whom these issues were
settled in favor Of centrali-
Zation?
@, Johnson,
Evening star., 1961-03-13
FIeeson Fan

I would like to express my
admiration and appreciation
Of Doris Fleeson's writings.
Her penetrating analysis of
what is taking place in our
Government is refreshing
amid all the "blather" from
other columnists. May she
not grow weary In her work,
for 1t is much needed.
Christopher Ecary.
Evening star., 1961-03-13
Recession Theorists

The President has too
many university professors
with conflicting theories to
get q clear-cut picture Of the
pending recession; besides too
much time and effort are
being spent on publicizing
the mistakes and the reSpon-
sibilities Of the previous ad-
miniStration.
A more practical approach
would be to obtain the serv-
ices Of some experienced busi-
ness men who have been
through the mill. That would
give us book knowledge plus.
Herbert SOmmers.
Evening star., 1961-03-13

Finding of 16 "supernovae"
stars which suddenly ex-
plode and reach briefly thous-
ands-fold their previous bril-
liancy-during the past four
years has been announced by
the Carnegie Institution of
Washington.
This resulted from almost
continuous observation Of
1000 galaxies-clusters of
billions of starS--in the far
off heavens. In any single
galaxy, such events take place
very rarely. The phenomenon
has not been observed in the
gigantic Milky Way galaxy.
of which the solar system is
an inconsequential part.
The project is being car
ried out jointly by the Car
negie Institution, with sup
port from the National Sci
ence Foundation, and the
Berne Observatory in Switz-
erland, supported by the Swiss
National Science Fund.
Very little is now known
concerning the reasons for
these titanic explosions, the
greatest output Of energy
known in nature. Perhaps
any star, like the sun, might
become a super nova almost
any time. Presumably there
is some association with
build-up Of atomic reactions
in a stars interior. The en-
tire project is under the di-
rection Of DR.. Franz Zwicky
of the Carnegie staff.
Heat Estimated
One result Of these obser-
vations is that supernovae
seem to show a preference
for certain star galaxies. Thus
three such explosions eacn
have been observed in two Of
the thousands of galaxies
known to astronomers since
the phenomenon first was
observed about 1900.
An average heat for a su-
per nova, the new observa-
tions show, seems to be about
$4,000 degrees. Whenever one
is discovered careful obser-
yationS are made of its light
curve and the speed Of the
galaxy Of which it is a part
Evening star., 1961-03-13
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tOrtters' correct
names and addresses. Al let
ters are subject to coHdenSd-
tion. Those not used tOiu be
returned only tOheN accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped erUelopeS.
Evening star., 1961-03-13
WATCHING THE WORLD
Kennedy Riding High in Britoin
By CROSBY S. NOYE.
:. FOreisa Correspondent Of Tie Star

man-not only Tor Britain,
but for the rest Of the free
world as well. s''
This role will undoubtedly f.
be Q good deal harder for Mr..
Macmillan to play from now
on. Already, so far as the
British press and public are
concerned, there is far more .
interest in the plans and
policies being worked out in
Washington than in new in
itiatives from Downing street.
And while the British GER =
tainly will continue to have
q voice in these plans and
policies, the British posi-
ton" as such is relatively Of
far less Importance than it
vas a few months ago.
AS a result, Mr.. Macmil- =.
Ian, almost for the first time
since he took office, is being
forced to face up to some
unpleasantly urgent domestic
headaches. Today the pub
lie seems much more inter- ,
eSted in what he proposes to
do about Britain's industrial
slump Or its own muddled de-
fense problems than in his
performance on the world
stage.
Something of the same
Transformation, to be sure,
has also overtaken the Prime
Ministers opposition. The
left wing Of the British Labor
Party finds itself in the diff
ficult position of having to
get along without its ia
vorite whipping boy. Until
recently, the fires of British
liberalism fed on a volatile
brand Of anti American
propaganda. The American
Government, as departing
Ambassador John Hay Whit
ney observed unhappily, was
represented as trigger-happS
and irresponsible, infested by
McCarthyites eager to in
volve Britain In reckless ex-
periments in craftsmanship.
U. s. Image Changed If,
So far at least, there has.
been no attempt to pin the
same labels on the new ad-
miniStration. On the con-
trary, what has been noted
with approval has been Mr..
Kennedy's order muzzling
generals in the Pentagon, the
emphasis on eggheadS among
his advisers, the steadiness
and self-aSsurance of his
style. Even the caricature Of
Uncle Sam as q rich and
overbearing relative is un-
convincing in these days of
recession and dollar gaps.
And the general image which
the United States presents to
the world overseas has be-
come remarkably more SYM
pathetic.
AS long as this image re-
mains in the public mind,
anti-Americanism will be of
dubious value as q political
peg. While the American
Government is believed to be
in responsible and capable
hands. Britain's neutralist
fringe-its unilateral dis
armers and its ban-the-bo
contingent-is in trouble.
Already, the, extreme Left
Wing seems to have lost q
good deal. Of its former steam.
The recent flap over the
opening of the American nu-
clear submarine base at
Holy Loeb was a relatively
apathetic affair. =.
1t is possible, of coure, to
exaggerate the effect of the
transformation. How long it
will last and where it may
lead are questions which defy
confident prophecy. It is
obvious, however, that q new
phase of British politics is in
the making. and that the
changed perspectives Of the
New Frontier already have
radically altered the outlook
here. .l
Evening star., 1961-03-13
LONDON.

A(4NAN$4Ns
The long shadow Of John
Fitzgerald Kennedy Is one Of
the more conspicuous fea-
lures Of the British scene
these days.
It is not surprising that the
President was q prominent
subject Of conversation at the
opening meeting Of the British
Commonwealth Prime Min
isters here last Wednesday.
Or that three ministers who
recently have been in Wash
ington, to quote the London
Times, spoke enthusiastical-
ly Of the vitality and drive
Of the new American admin
istration." In the wide
ranging discussion Of world
problems that has followed,
President Kennedy has been
very much in everyone's
mind.
There is good reason for
this. The ministers may take
positions on bringing Red
China into the United Ma
tions. They may argue about
disarmament and nuclear
testing. They can consider
the problems Of the Congo
and Laos and speak q little
wistfully about the prospects
of q summit meeting.
What is perfectly clear to
them and everyone else, how
ever, is that on all Of these
questions the real answers
are to be found in Washing
ton rather than in London.
For the first time in many
years there is'a sense that the
initiative Is firmly in the
hands of an American Pres
ident and that the focus Of
leadership of the non-Com-
munist world, once diffusely
scattered among many lead
ers, Is now concentrated
sduarely on the United
States.
Blessing Not Unmixed
When 1t comes to global
problems, these leaders them
selves are the first to applaud
the change. An American
Government that moves with
energy and assurance Is as
welcome abroad as it Is at
home. What applies to the
British Commonwealth, how
ever, applies with special force
to Britain itself: In terms Of
domestic British politics, the
Transformation that. the new
American administration has
brought about is not an
unmixed blessing to Prime
Minister Macmillan.
Ever since he took over
from Anthony Eden, Mr..
Macmillan has made q very
good thing of playing the
role Of world statesman. The
job of filling vacuums was his
particular speciality during
the latter years Of the Eisen-
hover era. The British ini-
tiative" became a stock diplo-
matte chche in any situation
where the lead from Wash
ington was indecisive or SIM
ply non-existent. Whether
the issue was Berlin or Laos
or deSirability Of talking to
Premier Khrushchev, the
British Prime Minister and
his proposals were always in
the forefront Of the Western
, position.
Under the circumstances
this was inevitable, and in
terms Of his own domestic
situation Mr.. Macmillan has
undoubtedly found his role
as world statesman very de-
sirable. Summitry and the
Prime Minister'S part in it
was the major issue of the
last British election. When
ever things began to get
sticky at home there was
usually some global crisis to
surround Mr.. Macmillan With
the aura Of the indispensable
Evening star., 1961-07-02
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6.99

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