davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-06

as fast as ours-and 1t will rep
resent an area with a purchas-
ing power which someday will
rival our own. 1t could bet
should be-our biggest, our most
reliable, our most profitable
customer. It's consumer demands
are growing particularly for.
the type of goods we produce
best, for American goods not
previously sold and sometimes
not even known in European
markets today. 1t is an his
torice meeting Of needs and OPP
portunity: At the very time we
urgently need to increase our
exports, to protect our balance
of payments and pay for our
troops abroad. a vast new mar
ket is rising across the Atlantic.
If, however, the United States
is to enjoy this opportunity, it
must have the means to per-
suade the Common Market to
reduce its external tariffs to a
level which permits our prod
ucts to enter on a truly COM
petitive basis.
That is why a trade policy
adequate to deal with a large
number of small states is no
longer adequate. For almost
80 years. the Reciprocal Trade
Agreements Act has strength
ened our foreign trade policy.
But today the approach and
procedures provided for in that
Evening star., 1961-12-06

In part upon action by the Con-
gress-in part upon the self
discipline exercised by this ad-
miniStration in its executive
and budgetary policies land
here I repeat my intention to
submit a balanced budget in
january and in part upon
you and other members Of the
business community. Labor,
too, has its responsibility for
price stability, as I shall stress
tomorrow in addressing the
AFL-CIO) I recognize that
your effort will be governed In
part by the kind of atmosphere
the Government can help to
create. That is why we intend
to submit a balanced budget
The Government must not be
demanding more from the saw
ings of the country, nor drain
ing more from the available
supplies of credit, when the
national interest demands a
priority for productive, creative
investment-not only to spur
our growth at home but to make
sure we can sell, and sell ef-
fectively, in the markets abroad
That is also why we intend tt
press for the investment taz
credit, as a spur to business tt
move forward.
But your own responsibility
lis great-and there are three
Evening star., 1961-12-06

things in particular you can do:
Be competitive, through lower
costs and prices and better
products and productivity: be
export-minded. seeking markets
abroad with the same ingenuity
shown at home; and be calm
refraining from any alarmist OF
irresponsible talk about our sit
uation that can only increase
the fears of others.
All of us must share in this
effort-for this is a question
in part, of our national secur-
ity, The largest single factor
contributing to our dollar and
gold drain is the cost of our
forces stationed abroad. We
are determined to shrink our
balance of payments deficit
but we are unwilling to do il
by pulling our troops back from
overseas.
But we can be calm because
our basic international position
is strong-this years deficit
will be lower than last years
our gold stores are large ano
the outflow Is easing-we will
submit a balanced budget-anc
we are undergoing no damag.
ing initiation. We can, over the
next few years. offset with the
help of our allies a billion dol.
lars of our SO billion overseas
defense outlays-reduce, with
Evening star., 1961-12-06

the help Of the Congress, that
portion Of our capital flow to
the industrialized countries
which is stimulated by special
tax nducements-cutback still
further that portion Of our for
eign aid procurement which is
not already spent here - and
take the other steps I have
mentioned, including an in
crease in our exports. for which
all the additional tools we need
are well within our reach.
One of those tools-one we
urgently need for our own
we'll -being-is a new trade and
tariff policy. The Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act expires
in June of next year. 1t must
not simply be renewed-it must
be replaced. If the West is to
take the initiative in the eco
nomic arena-if the United
States is to keep pace with the
revolutionary changes in its
trading world-if our exports
are to retain and expand their
positions in world markets
then we need a new and bold
instrument of American trade
policy.
For the world OF trade is NO
longer the same. Some 80 per
cent of the free worlds indus
trial production may soon be
concentrated in two great
Evening star., 1961-12-06

markets-the United States Of
America and an expanded Eu-
ropean Common Market. Our
own example-of so States
without trade barriers behind
a common external tariff
helped to inspire the common
market. Our support-ever
since the close of World War II
has been thrown behind
greater European unity. For
we recognized long ago that
such unity would produce a Eu-
rope in which the ancient ri
valries that produced two world
wars could rest in peace-a Eu-
rope in which the strength and
destiny of Germany would be
inextricably tied to the West
and a Europe no longer de-
pendent on us, but on the con-
trary. strong enough to share
in full partnership with us the
responsibilities and initiatives
of the free world.
Now this new "house of Eu-
rope" we sought so long is &C
tually rising, and 1t means vast
new changes IN our outlook as
we'll. With the accession Of the
United Kingdom and other Eu-
ropean nations, the Common
market will have almost twice
as many people as we dot
will cover nations whose econo-
mics have been growing twice
Evening star., 1961-12-06

establish a rich mans" trad
ing community. abandon our
traditional INSTRUMENTATION
policy, create an Atlantic free
trade area. or impair in any
way our close economic ties
with Canada, Japan and the
rest of the free world.
I am not proposing-nor is It
either necessary or desirable
that in setting new policies on
imports we do away altogether
with our traditional safeguards
and institutions. I believe we
can provide more meaningful
concepts of injury and relief,
and far speedier proceedings.
We can use tariffs to cushion
adjustment instead OF using
them only to shut out competi-
tion. And the Federal Govern
ment can aid in that process
of adjustment. through a pro-
gram I shall discuss further to-
morrow-not a welfare pro-
gram, not a permanent subsidy,
but a means of permitting the
traditional American forces Of
adaptability and initiative to
substitute progress for injury.
For obviously our imports will
See TEXT, Page A-2O
Evening star., 1961-12-06

act are totally irrelevant to
the problems and opportunities
we confront. Its vitality is
gone-a fresh approach is es-
sential-and the longer we
postpone its replacement. the
more painful that step will be
when it happens.
For this is no longer a mat
ter of local economic interest
but of high national policy. We
can no longer haggle over
item-by-item reductions with
our principal trading partners,
but must adjust our trading
tools to keep pace with world
trading patterns-and the EEC
cannot bargain effectively on
an tem-by-item basis.
I am proposing, in short, a
new American trade initiative
which will make 1t possible for
the economic potential of these
two great markets to be har-
messed together INTO a team
capable of pulling the full
weight of our common military,
economic and political tepira-
tions. I am not proposing
nor is it either necessary or
desirable-that we join the
Common Market, alter our con-
cepts of political sovereignty
Evening star., 1961-12-06
TEXT
Continued From Page A-16

Continued From Page A-l6
creased our agricultural ex-
ports, striving for dollar sales
wherever possible - broadened
the Export-Import Banks loan
guarantee system-created a
new program Of export credit
insurance-and, in a variety OF
ways sought to keep American
prices competitive. This re-
quires-if we are to avoid the
initiation that will price our
goods out of the world market
price and wage restraint by
industry and labor, and re-
sponsible budget policies by
government. 1t requires-if we
are to offer modern products
efficiently produced at low cost
"a higher rate of investment
in new equipment. encouraged
by the fullest use of existing
capacity"in a strong recovery
by the investment tax credit
now pending before the House
Ways and Means Committee
and by the depreciation reform
now under study and already
put into effect on textile ma
chinery.
In short, achieving healthy
equilibrium in our internationa
accounts depends in part upor
the cooperation of our allies
Evening star., 1961-12-06

Choose top-quoIity meat fovorites
.. sole-prieed to offer you more for
your money heartily recommended
by your Kroger store manager.
Evening star., 1961-03-12
TODAY'S SCHEDULES
STAGE

ARENA-"Tiger at the Gates; 730 pm
NATIONAL-Dark. Carnival; Anna Maria Alherghetti;
resumes tomorrow.
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY -"Phedre," by Jean Racine;
benefit performance; $3.50 pm
Evening star., 1961-03-12

has never been afraid Of
facing an audience.
ITO me vaudeville is talk
ing directly to people, while
acting Is somehow staying
inside a box" she reasons.
Sitting in a corner, I never
feel that I'm unable to fill
a stage. I think I invent
places more than characters,
creating the illusion of a
locale.
II can't say how I do it.
I guess I'm more of a painter
than an actor. Unfortunately,
acting spans only one life
time. You only learn to learn
anything when you are too
old to play Juliet"
Although he staged the
show, Laughton refrained
from directing her perform
ance.
Evening star., 1961-03-12

What she has that others
lack is grace" he says. "An
infallible sense of movement
it absolutely skaters me
to watch her, for it is some
thing I can't do"
II just hope it doesn't be-
come self-conscious," demurs
Miss Manchester. "The auto
nation Of work is what keeps
me happy. You have to sus-
tain a level, rather like a
blood count, or not work at
ALL"
There is something else
too:
Everyone feels jolly when
surrounded by friends. Hav-
ing this show is really getting
all Of the advantages Of a
party with none of the dis
advantages.
Evening star., 1961-03-12
BROADWAY
Always Be Lady, Says Elsa
BY WILLIAM GLOVER
Associated Press Writer

NEW YORK (AP). Her
entertainment speciality, in
sists Elsa Manchester, is
really hide-and-seek.
"I've been told ! can make
anything sound lots worse
than it Is" the carrot-topped
comedienne says.
"But what you really do
Is conceal the word or idea
and let the audience find it,"
And. she adds, always be a
lady.
The success Of her method
is currently being demon
strated by a revue called
ELSA Manchester Herself"
installed amid high critical
approval at the Forty-First
Street Theatef.
Arranged by her husband,
Charles Laughton, the ma
terial is culled from the Off
beat array she has been
avidly collecting since her
London childhood.
She is far happier, Miss
Manchester says, at one
woman entertainment than
playing roles on stage or in
films:
"Other people imagine that
I'm an actress, but I've never
really thought so.
Movies don't really pro-
vide a career for a freak
like I am. I'm offered spinster
and schoolteacher roles by
the dozen. but I don't want
that.
"And I don't want to spend
two or three years in the
theater. So what I do is carve
out a career by developing a
property.
with q property you can
so where you want. I don't
have to remain either here
or In Hollywood.
'I think a lot Of others
could benefit by developing
q property"
Although she calls herself
no actress, the comedienne
Evening star., 1961-03-12
Scorebourd:
A Few Cheers

NEW YORK (AP).-How
the critics scored Broadway's
two new shows last week:
MARY, Mary" comedy at
the Helen Hayes Theater, got
loud cheers from three Of the
seven newspaper reviewers,
qualified Endorsement from
the Others.
Written by Jean Kerr, the
play explores the romantic
triangle of a book publisher,
his outspoken ex-wife and a
Hollywood hero. Included in
the cast are Barbara Bel
Geddes, Barry Nelson, Mi
chael Rennie and Betsy Won
Furstenberg.
1.-THE Devils Advocate"
drama at the Billy Rose, hit
big with four of the critics.
The Dore Schary play,
based on a book by Morris L.
West, describes a priests
search to ascertain whether
a victim Of Communist per-
secution should be Sainted.
The company includes Leo
Gem, Sam Levene, Edward
Mulhare and Tresa Hughes.
Evening star., 1961-03-12
Everythine:s Happened
For the Best for FIoro

IF I had gotten in I would
never have had a chance to
go to the country" she cheer
fully observes.
Flora grew up in a melt
ing-pot tenement district.
Her father deserted the
family when she was 2, leav-
ing the mother to raise four
daughters and q son.
I'm school I got into a lot
Of fights because the other
children thought I was an
easy mark" Flora recalls. In
one fray with a neighbor-
hood toughie, she lost a front
tooth.
Deciding that absence from
class was the best hope Of
survival, the fearful tyke be-
came a flagrant truant. The
welfare group looked into
the case, and at age II she
was assigned to Happy VAL
ley, a suburban center for
orphans and children from
broken homes.
Help From Miss Hayes
Somewhat to her own sur
prise, she boldly went out
there for the group theat-
rical activities - another
"just as we'll" BY the time
she completed high school
and windup Of her Happy
Valley stay - the drama
coach was so impressed he
See ELKINS, Page F-2
Evening star., 1961-03-12

came to an end in 1914,
might have changed this
judgment. That, however, is
conjecture and bears no re-
lationShip to the fact that
Tiger at the Gates is the
century's most contagiouSly
amusing indictment of ma
tional differences that lead
to war. ..z.....-.
Nothing Of the biting
Gallo rationale of Giraudoux
has been lost in Christopher
Fry'S translation Of "Tiger at
the Gates" as staged at
Arena. It remains one of the
supreme specimens of the
serious comedy, the play that
chooses to say something
wise, which will be remem-
bered the longer for having
been said so wittily.
Giraudoux's literary play
is to be enjoyed most by
both performers and audi
ences in a mood of relaxed
readiness to play along with
an intelligence that could so
easily see human experience
as q divine comedy.
Again, the Greeks
Racine's "Phedre," written
in 1869, also goes back to
early Greece for its setting.
It is a kind of Desire Under
the Expresses" which O'Neill
paraphrased in Desire Un-
der the Elms." The first
playwright to contemplate it's
subject was Euripides, who
called his play "Hippolytus,"
the result Of deferentially
choosing to tell his story
from the husbands view
point.
Racine, coming some 1000
years later in human ex-
perience, felt that Phedre,
the young wife, was the mar
rative's central figure, the
one trapped between marital
duty to her older husband
and love for her attractive
stepson. In this spirit of
Gallo gallantry, he treats
the triangle subject with the
seriousness and respect it de-
serves. Yet he is a French
man who is never blind to
the fact that the three hu-
See CARMODY, Page F-2
Evening star., 1961-03-12
RifIemon Trades Rifle
For Geronimo's Axe

blooded ones now in Arizona
actually have blue eyes.
The eyes don't make that
much difference. If the pub
lie doesn't buy the character
in the first three minutes,
it won't matter how he
looks"
The Geronimo" project
could bode well for the movie
industry. 1t is being made
by the same bright fellows
who pushed "The Rifleman"
into TVS top ranks. Connors'
partners are Jules Levy. Ar
thur Gardner and Arnold La
ven, who will direct the film.
United Artists will release.
This is one Of the rare
times that a TV outfit has
gone into movie production.
The feature will be filmed in
Mexico at q cost of $750, 900.
If 1t succeeds. the way might
be paved for more Tv con-
Germs to help supply the
product-starved movie mar
ket.
The project Is not to be
confused with "Geronimo!"
which was made by Para
mount 20 years ago (they
were free with rs in those
days.. ]. Carroll Naish
played the Indian chief in
that one-and he's still do
ing the .redSkin bit, on TVS
"GueStward Ho."
. The Indians View
"Our picture will take the
Indians viewpoint" said
Connors. I'VE won't show
the white men as villains,
but by the time Of the final
chase, I hope the audience
will be pulling for the In
dams"
He'll have q love story,
too, and that's something he
has never been allowed as
the Widower Mccain.
Its a very tender love
story" he added. "Geroni-
mos wife tries to get him
to stop shedding more blood,
but he can see no other way
to combat the wrongs against
his people. It's a story that
should have special signifi-
canoe today, not only in the
treatment Of Indians, but in
other minority races through
out the world"
His chances? They were
expressed by Richard Carl
son, who happened to be
lunching in a nearby booth.
After Connors left, Carlson
told me what he had re-
marked to his actor compan-
ions: I'm 20 years, we'll all
be in some other part of the
business. But Chuck Con-
nors will still be a star"
Evening star., 1961-03-12

NEW YORK (AP).-Flora
ElkinS Is Broadway's Just
as Well" girl.
The. words keep popping
out as she talks. Everything,
the young actress feels, has
happened for the best in off
beat progress from a dreary
childhood to a triumphant
debut as a performer of high
promise.
There's a very special rea-
son for her persistent silver
lining outlook.
Along the way she met
Helen Hayes, and that first
lady Of the theater extended
q helping hand at q vital
moment.
MY whole life seems to
me q miracle" says bronze
eyed Flora.
Miss Elkins. who is %,
russet-tressed and Of fawn-
shy manner, Is embarked on
a Broadway career in the hit
drama "Rhinoceros." in addi-
ton to her own role, a shape
ly cafe worker, she is under
study to Anne Jackson in the
main feminine part.
A Tenement Girl
The first big "juSt-as-well"
event Of her life occurred
when she was turned down
for admission to New York
City's High School Of the
Performing Arts.
Evening star., 1961-03-12


tomorrow.
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY -"Phedre" by Jean Racne
benefit performance; $3.50 pm.
SCREEN
ANBAssADoR-"Feveri in the Blood" Efrem zimbaist jr
stars in frank courtroom drama; 11:15 am, 5:35
and 9:45 mo Time for Sergeants"; Andy Griffith
in comic battle with the Air Force; 3:35 and 750 pm.
APEX-T Happened in Broad Daylight; psycopathic
killer the loose; los, 250, 1885, $780, and $50 pm.
tween American servicemen and Tokyo gesha CENTER
1880, $3.50. $50, 7:30 and $50 pm.
DUPONT-Never Sunday; sophisticated saga Of how
life in Greece these days. l, ESQ. 4:4O $50, 1925
and 10:15 pm. -.-.-----.
KETTHs-"The Misfts" Clark Cables last film has some
collaboratorS regulations; 3:15 5:25, 1885, GAS pm.
MacARTHUR-"The Entertainer" Laurence Olivier in
worthy film version Of John Osborne'S play 2:10,
4:05, 6, 7:55 and $50 pm.
METROPOLITANFever in the Blood; Efrem Zimbalist,
jr, stars in frank courtroom DRAMA 1880, 5:35 and
GAS pm. mo Time for Sergeants'; Andy Griffith
in comic battle with the Air Force; 3:35 and 745 pm
ONTARIO-"TuneS of Glory; Alec Guinness stars in a
fine tale about the principles of military conduct
100 3:3O S:40, 7:50 and 10 pm
PALACE-"The Alamo" John Waynes opus Of the historic
fortress battle: 1885, 1925. $40 and 9:1O pm.
PLAYHOUSE-"Queston z" priest provides spiritual
guidance for those under the Communist yoke in
Germany; $780, $3.50, $50, 7:30 and $50 pm.
PLAzA-No Morals; which describes the herone $780,
3:15, 4:50, 6:25, and 9:4O pm
TOWN-"The World OF Suze Wong" tastefully tailored
film version Of the Broadway show and novel; l. 3:15
5:35, 1850 and 1910 pm.
TRANS-LUX-"Pepe"; marathon comedy and dance pro-
ducton starring Cantnflas; /, 1855, $780, 9:45 pm
UPTOWN-Exodus the story of Israels BIRTH more epic
in size than depth; and 7:3O pm.
WANER-"Spartacus" fragile script is more than Off
set by brilliant camera work. superb acting 2 and
8l5 pm.
Evening star., 1961-03-12
BY BOB THOMAS
Associated Press Staff Writer

HOLLYWOOD. Chuck
Connors is laying down his
rifle for a tomahawk.
It's one of the widest
switches since James Cagney
went from Public Enemy"
to Oman" After playing
"The Rifleman" with huge
success on TV for three
years. the towering ex-ball-
player is going to star in
Geronimo" for q feature
movie. Yep, he'll play the
big chief.
How come?
i've been wanting to do q
movie" he explained. "I've
had some offers, but they al
ways wanted me to play the
same kind Of character as
Lucas Mccain (The Rifle
mani. So ] turned the pic
lures down, including The
Alamo People see. me for
free every week as Lucas:
why would they pay to see
me in the same type Of role2
A Complete Reverse
"When the idea to play
Geronimo came along, I
jumped at it. The role is a
complete reverse; I won't
even look the same. Instead
Of a fair-skinned blond, I'll
be dark-skinned with black
hair. I've experimental with
contact lenses to make my
eyes brown. But I don't think
I'll wear them because they
filter some of the expression
in my eyes.
"I've researched and found
that many Apaches-full-
Evening star., 1961-03-12
THE PASSING SHOW
THE PASSING SHOW
By Chance, We Find Ourselves
With q French Drama Festival
BY JAY CARMODY
Drama Critic Of The Star


Chance, that capricious
designer Of human affairs,
has turned this early March
into a French drama festival
for Washington.
Artistic highlight of this
piece of cultural summitry,
Of course, is tomorrow nights
visit of the worlds most re-
nowned continuous theatrical
enterprise, the Com edie
Francaise. It comes to Lisner
Auditorium for a single eve
ming for a dual program of
two short Moliere plays, the
briefest of samples of the
art Of the Comedies found
ing father.
Beyond this, and save for
Carnival" at the National,
the rest of WaShington's
dramatic fare at the moment
is strictly French. Gwen
Carnival" is French in
flavor.)
And GiraudOux
1t is comprised Of the con-
temporary, and brilliantly
written, Tiger at the
Gates" by Jean Giraudoux,
current attraction at Arena
Stage, and Racine's "Phedre"
which opened a fortnight's
run at Catholic University
Theater on Friday night.
Without going through the
files of The Star for the last
108 yearS-going on 109-
this correspondents aSsump-
ton will have to be that
there has never been any
thing like this in our cultural
relations with France. No
wonder President John F.
Kennedy was inspired gra-
ciously to offer Blair House
to Ambassador and Mrs.
Herve Alphand for the after
theater reception to the Wis
iting Coincide company.
The four French plays,
covering writing from the
18th to the goth centuries,
put no strain on the intel
ligence to detect in them an
uncommon similarity in the
point of view of French play
wrights. Without exception,
their subject is human be-
haviour and their treatment
Of it wise and/or witty.
Racine's ''Phedre'
That "or" relates to Ra-
cine's "Phedre." whose sub
ject is the conflict between
love and duty, which is
basically serious, in one of
those eternal triangle
designs, which gives Racine
a chance to be witty but less
Scopish than is either Moliere
or GiraudouX.
The theatergoer fortunate
enough to see all three Of
ferings (of four plays) can
count himself more edu-
ucated-if only through q
cram courSe-in what the
French have learned so pain
Stakingly, and mirthfully, Of
the dilemma Of being human.
Merely human, alas.
OF the quartet, the most
timeleSs are naturally Mo-
Heres "L'Impromptu de YER
sailleS" and LES Fourberies
de Scapin." and Racine's
"Phedre." Those of Moliere,
to be presented in French,
which pantomimes as a uni
versal language, are pure
comedies.
Nevertheless it is the Gira-
doux Tiger at the Gates"
which is by far the most
timely play, whatever of
timeleSsness it may acquire
later. Written by a French
man who was by vocation a
diplomat and a politician,
and only avocationally a
dramatist, 1t is an acidly
amusing contemplation of
humanity's gravest problem,
whether 1t is possible for
nations to abolish war as a
means of settling disagree
mentS.
Stalemate Came Later
M. Giradoux's answer,
written just before World
War II and some years prior
to the deterrent of nuclear
stalemate, is negative. Mock
ingly, wittily negative. A dec
ade added to his life, which
Evening star., 1961-03-12

Robert Hirsch stars in the Comedie Francaise
production of lies FOurberies de Scapin,"
paired on MOliere double bill with "L'Im-
prOmptu de Versailles" tomorrow night at
$3.50 at Lisner Auditorium. The company
has presented (as of July last year) 2,611
works, some old, some new. Most popular
playwrights with COmedie audiences, though,
remain the old French masters, MOliere,
Racine and COrneilIe.