davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-03

science degree from Whitman
College and a masters degree
in journalism from Columbia
University.
After early experience in the
Northwest, she travelled and
studied in Europe for a year
and a half. She has covered
local politics and government
affairs as a Washington news
paperwoman for eight years.
She currently is assigned to the
Capitol by The Star.
Winners of other awards,
made under a Ford Foundation
grant, we're:
Harland w. Warner and
Daniel w. Gottlieb, Hartford
Comm Times; James S.
Brown. Asbury Park IN. j.
Park Press; Conrad Christiano,
Rochester IN. " Democrat
Chronicle; Richard w. Cowen,
Allentown (Pa.) Morning Call.
Also william S. Dickson,
Johnstown (Pa.) Tribune
Democrat; Jesse F. CARRIER,
Waynesboro (Pa.) Record Her.
aid; Allen J. Line, MoesSen
CPaJ valley Independent;
Howard S. Knowles. Worcester
(Mass.) Telegram and Evening
Gazette; Nathan Miller, Balti-
more Sun; John L. Moore, Paw
tucket (R. ~ Timess and Harry
G. Toland. Philadelphia Bull
letin.
Evening star., 1961-05-03
$4,000 Catholics
To Join in Prayer

More than 10000 Catholic
men will join in an hour long
prayer vigil for world peace at
$50 pm, tomorrow, In "a
churches in the Archdiocese Of
Washington.
The vigil, held monthly on
the eve of the first Friday, is
sponsored by the Confraternity
of the Blessed Sacrament of the
Archdiocese of Washington.
The Most Rev. Patrick A.
O'Boyle, Archbishop Of Wash
ington, will participate in the
service in st. Mary's Catholic
Church. Landover, Md. The
Most Rev. Philip M. Hannah,
Auxiliary Bishop of Washing
ton, will lead the service in St.
Catherine Laboure's Catholic
Church, Wheaton, Md.
Evening star., 1961-05-03
UdoII's Brother Wins
Election by Close Vote

PHOENIX, Ariz., May 8 (AP)
Democrat Morris K. Udall
winner in one of Arizona s
closest congressional elections
prepared today to follow the
footsteps of his older brother to
Washington.
He said a recent unpopular
announcement by his brother
almost cost him the victory.
Mr.. Udall, 3e-year-old Tue
son attorney, nosed out Re-
publican Mac C. Matheson by
about 1000 votes in nearly COM
plete unofficial returns from
yesterdays special election in
the States I'd congressional
district. He won the seat va
Gated by his brother, Secretary
of the Interior Stewart L. Udall,
who resigned to accept ap-
pointment to the cabinet post.
AS Interior Secretary, Stew
art Udall recently announced
settlement of a long-standing
dispute over farmers squatting
on Federal lands along the
Colorado River in Yuma
Evening star., 1961-05-03

County. The ruling was that
the farmers must evacuate the
lands within a cetrain period of
time.
This was an unpopular de-
cision in the Yuma area, "
Morris Udall said. II had
counted heavily on winning
Yuma County. I lost it."
He indicated without giving
details, that he felt other mat
ters involving his brother
within the last few weeks may
have cost him votes. He had
few to spare.
In Washington, Secretary
Udall said he had no comment
to make on his brothers state
ments.
Unofficial returns from 387
Of the districts 421 precincts
gave Mr.. Udall 50,560, Mr..
Matheson 48,599.
Republicans attributed Mr..
Matheson'S loss - his second
against a Udall, having lost to
Stewart last November-to his
Evening star., 1961-05-03
UDALL
Abuse of Office
Laid to Secretary

with Mr.. Udall about the let
ter.
Mr.. Hatcher said THE Presi-
dent has made it clear that
anyone attending such func-
tions will not benefit by his
attendance or be affected ad-
versely by his absence. He said
that as far as such dinners are
concerned, This is one way
that political parties raise
money"
Mr.. Miller's statement de-
.clared:
When Secretary Udall di-
rects the solicitation of Sc
petrolem Lobbyists for politi-
cal contributions, he is preju-
'dicing himself against fair and
impartial administration of gas
and oil programs. Udalls ac-
tions represent nothing more
than an attempted sale of the
administrations supervision of
our natural resources to the oil
and gas interests at $1,000 per
table. This give-away pro-
gram is a betrayal of the trust
placed in the man who is sup
posed to guard our resources"
Mr.. Miller charged that Mr..
Udall has used his position as
Secretary of the Interior in a
grossly political manner" He
said the secretary put "unwar-
ranted pressure" on some mem
berS Of Congress in connection
with the move to enlarge the
House Rules Committee and
had engaged in "mud-throwing
at former President Eisen-
hover over the Cuban incident"
The Senate Republican policy
committee discussed the Incl
dent at its weekly meeting this
morning, and Chairman Bridges
Of New Hampshire called it a
raw way" to raise party funds.
Senator Bennett. Republican
OF Utah, suggested that maybe
we can call this the Democratic
U-2 or Udall-2 incident" He
apparently was referring to the
fact that this was the second
incident within a week involv-
ing Mr.. Udall. The first was
the Secretary's comment on the
Inflated Cuban invasion.
Members of the House Re-
publican Policy Committee had
no comment. Representative
Byrnes, Republican of Wiscon-
sin, chairman of the 30-member
committee, said after its weekly
meeting yesterday that the
matter was of considerable in
terest' to members but was not
formally discussed.
Evening star., 1961-05-03

out again, or can be refueled
from the aircraft carrier
Champlain without delaying
the mission. Mr.. Williams said.
1t was clear that Project
Mercury's bosses intend to get
the launching over with as
quickly as possible, however.
The more delays, the more
likely you are to have prob
lems," Mr.. Williams remarked.
Oxygen Dumped
When the shot was scrubbed
shortly after 8 am. (EDT) yes
terday morning, a delay of
about 48 hours became inevi-
table. The frigid liquid oxygen
inside the Redstone had to be
dumped. and melt water from
frost accommodating outside the
fuel tanks lest the bird" be
damaged by corrosion in the
salty seashore air.
Loading of liquid oxygen
(called "lox'D will begin six
and a half hours before the
re-scheduled launch time. If
the new firing time is 8 am.
(EDT) Friday, as expected, lox-
ing will start about 1880 am.
that day. Any subsequent
postponement would throw the
program over into Sunday at
the earliest.
For this reason, NASA Of
ficials will try to make their
"go-no go" decision about mid
night tomorrow night. If the
weather forecast for Friday
does not look bright at that
time. they will probably decide
to wait until Saturday. Such
an apparent delay would actu-
ally result in the saving of a
day in launching.
Weather Team Busy
A special weather bureau
team assigned to Project Mer-
curry started working this
morning on detailed weather
forecasts for this launching
base and for the ocean area
290 miles away where Comdr.
Shepard's space capsule is sup
posed to parachute back to
earth.
The flight program calls for
the astronaut, in his hermeti-
cally sealed capsule, to be
boosted to a maximum altitude
of lis miles, where he will un-
dergo about five minutes of
"Weightlessness" before plum
melting earthward to a para
chute landing, with the first of
two parachutes opening up at
10000 feet and the second at
10000 feet.
Evening star., 1961-05-03

JET-SMOOTH CHEVROLETS, nimble Corvairs, t
of car you could ask for under one roof at your
Chevrolet Biscaynes popular Bel Airs, sumptuous
some Chevrolet station wagons. Size up the agile
those famiy-lovin' Corvair wagons the rear-ene
are 81 models in all practically any size and sha
in and see for yourself how easy you can do y
Evening star., 1961-05-03
MERCURY
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
GRATED suite of rooms in Han
gar S." the work area on the
Cape assigned to Project Mer-
curry. A medical doctor, a
psychologist, an Air Force nurse
and an Air Force dietician are
IN attendance.
Comdr. Shepard's frame of
mind is good, and he was not
SHOOK" by yesterdays post
ponement, Mr.. Williams said.
He is an old pro-" the flight
director said of the astronaut.
Hes used to delays like this.
In testing airplanes. as in the
Kills program, we have had
flights on-and-off for two or
three weeks"
Comdr. Shepard is a test
way, the circuit is being fixed,
Mr.. Williams said.
Alan B. Shepard, jr., 81
year-old Navy commander an
nounced yesterday as the pilot,
and John H. Glenn. jr.. 80
year old Marine lieutenant
colonel designated as alternate,
are taking, part in preparations
for the next launching, Mr..
Williams said.
The preparations will include
a simulated flight" of the
83-foot Redstone booster rocket
and the 1-ton space capsule
it carries, according to the
flight chief. The stimulation
involves a detailed checkout Of
all systems with the sole ex-
ception of an actual static fir
ing of the engine.
Kept From Press
Comdr. Shepard probably
will be in the block house at
the launch site While the flight
similation is going on, Mr.. Will
liams said.
The two astronauts are stay
ing on the military reservation
and will not be available to
newsmen before the launch.
They have an attractively dec
pilot qualified in the operation
of high performance jets and
has had nearly 1000 hours in
the cockpit.
Ships Must RefueI
Mr.. Williams was asked
whether a postponement Fri
day or Saturday would cause
a substantial delay in the Mer-
curry program. The question
arose because of official NASA
Observation-Disclosures as late
as yesterday by Deputy Space
Administrator Hugh L. Dryden
that after five days at sea
the Navy flotilla in the recov-
cry area 300 miles southeast Of
here would have to return to
Jacksonville to refuel.
The flight director said this
was not so. The smaller ships
in the flotilla can either put
int9 port one by one Iand come
Evening star., 1961-05-03

tain the vote reform. She SIS
tained community interest and
clarified the legal implications
Of the constitutional change.
Her selection was a natural
fruition of Miss BasSett's ex-
perience. A native of Spokane.
Wash, she holds a political
Evening star., 1961-05-03

failure to carry populous Pima
County as expected. Morris
carried the county 26,151 to
24,714 with only two of the
county's 108 precincts unre-
ported.
Evening star., 1961-05-03
B'nui Birth Awards

The B'nai Birth Hillel Foun-
dation will hold its annual
awards presentation at $50
pm. Sunday, at the Founda-
ton, 2129 F street NV.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

press conference in Leopoldville,
Mr.. Tshombe had high praise for
General Mobutu and for Foreign
Minister Justin Bomboko of the
central government. Mr.. Tshombe
pledged himself to work for a unit
ed Congo, and presumably the CEN
trail government cannot have been
so naive as to release him without
tangible guarantees of such coop
Grafton.
Proof of Mr.. Tshombe's sincerity
will be seen when the Congolese
Parliament reconvenes soon. The
central government has demanded
the attendance of Katanga's rep
resentatives in Parliament, who al
ternately announced that they
would attend and then that they
would not.
One key question is how Mr..
Tshombe's release will affect the
United Nations and the Congo.
When free and in control of Ka-
tanga, Mr.. Tshombe and his Bel
gian advisers consistently hindered
and humiliated the UN. During his
Imprisonment, the Katanga regime
has swung to a more cooperative
line with the UN, following the
attitude of the Kasavubu govern
ment, which also has taken a more
ccnciliatory stand toward the inter-
national organization.
What will happen now that Mr..
Tshcmbe has been freed? Have
his two months of Imprisonment
moderated his antagonism toward
the UN, or will he revert to his
former uncooperative self?
While there are welcome signs
of maturing political conscious
ness in the Congo and a desire to
return the country to stability, it
would be unrealistic to imagine
that the Congolese troika is out
of the woods and in open country
yes.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
Release Off,.
Continued from Page One)

tContlnued from Page Onel
Katanga, and it is the Tshombe
camp that is charged by many AZ
ricans and the Communist world
with completely in Mr.. Lumumba's
killing.
The Soviets have capitalized on
Mr.. Lumumba's staying in blatant
fashion, naming the new Friendship
University for foreign students in
Moscow after him. They have
kept up their barrage of criticism
against both the Leopoldville and
Katanga regimes and swung their
support behind Mr.. Gixenga.
Whether Mr.. Gizenga, who de-
clares he is not q Communist and
who indeed at times has shown
himself little testy with the Com
munists as well as the West, now
follows q similar line remains to
be seen
Mr.. Gizenga, who was Mr.. Lu-
mumba's Deputy Premier, says
that with Mr.. Lumumba's passing
he himself has become sole right
full Premier of the overall Congo.
He now can either cooperate with
Mr.. Kasavubu and Mr.. Tshombe or
maintain an independent stand.
There is no single Congolese
leader with the stature or strength
to swing the whole vast country
behind him. There are three main
sources of power-Messrs- Kasa-
vubu, Tshombe, and Gizenga-and
not one of them is likely to be able
alone to pull the overall Congo
along the road to progress and re-
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

ers in the State during the 1860
81 school year and we may add
200 during the 1961-62 term" the
former Brookhaven principal con-
tinued.
Mr.. Alexander said: "Try to
solve your problems on the local
level School problems should be
channeled through local school au-
thorities. If your principal and
your superintendent cannot re-
solve your problem, then the State
Department will be happy to tell
you where you can find help" He
told his audience, made up largely
of in-service teachers, that some
of the difficulty concerning alb
sences might be lessened if teach
ers would call their rolls twice a
day and improve their instruction.
"The type of Institutional job you
do is very important" he added.
He also cautioned the summer
school group against padding. He
cited a study made concerning six
previous school terms which
showed padding among Negro
teachers had cost the State ST.
661 $4,000.
Mr.. Alexander reminded his list
eners that Mississippi law requires
that students earn one-half unit
in Mississippi History prior to
graduation. "Our office sent 18O
questionnaires to principals in the
state. Of this number, 103 were
returned. Ninety-two of these were
usable for our purpose. Of the go
questionnaires returned, 40 indi-
Gated they were not offering Mis-
sissippi History. This means that
$500 children who should have had
the course had been graduated
from high school without it. Five
schools are not offering American
History on the high school level" "
he continued.
He urged the elementary teach
ers to become interested in the
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

ment is caused by the Province of
Katanga which appears to be un-
willing to participate in an act OF
national reconciliation.
Secretariat sources see two i'm
mediate advantages from a func-
tioning Parliament.
- 1t would hel? rer1"ve the
threat of civil war among the
factions which tore the Congo
apart in recent months.
1t would help curb tribal
warfare.
Should a compromise be reach
ed and a government be formed
that will express it, the UN will
in all probability consider that
the main threat to law and order
has been removed. 1t will conse-
quently, according to informed
sources here, begin to reduce its
military commitments. ~
According to secretariat sources,
the UN will then be in a position
to step up the program agreed
with The Congolese authorities to
assist ins the reorganization ant!
training Of the Congolese Army.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
Prof. A. A.
CONTINUED from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
schools last year had CAB grad
yates of which 639 were employed.
Six hundred and thirty-eight left
the teaching profession for one
reason or another, however, so it
really balanced nicely"
Mr.. Alexander stated that of
some 278,OOO Negro school chill
cren, there were some 81, 900 drop
outs. This amounts to 1900 teach
er units. This compares with 88S
teacher units lost in white schools
of the state. Some of these teach
er units were lost because of in
correct addition.
There were 1874 Negro teach
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

possibilities of the National Edu-
cation Defense Act Program in
their work. He also called for the
establishment of health and ply
sical education programs. "These
new gymnasiums which we are
getting were meant to provide
place for more than basketball"
he said.
A native of Lincoln County, Mr..
Alexander is a 1928 graduate of
Jackson State College. He received
the M. A. Degree from Northwest
ern University. He is a promi-
nent and willing worker in educa-
tional, religious, civic, and fratern-
al affairs.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

Mobilization. If the Congo is to
remain a single unit it looks as
though these three must reach
some agreement
On paper the Kasav u
Tshombe accord has all the signs
of a genuine reapproachment. An
aide of Gen. Joseph Mobutu, the
young commander Of the central
governments army, is slated to
take over command of Mr..
Tshombe Katanga army.
At Mr.. Tshombe's Thursday
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
Southern Editor
Warns North OF
Racial Unrest

Washington - A Southern edi-
tor said Sunday that many North
ern areas are sitting on smolder-
ing volcanoes of racial unrest.
Harry Golden, editor of the
Carolina Israelite in Charlotte, N.
c., mentioned Cleveland, Detroit,
Chicago and New Jersey as areas
where race relations are far from
normal.
He made the remarks during a
program taped with Sen Harrison
A. Williams Jr-, DIN. j., for use
by a Newark, NJ J., (WNTA-Tv)
and a Philadelphia (WFIL-Tv)
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
Friendship
BaptistStage
Fistfight

Cincinnati, Ohio Authorities
ordered a church here padlocked
indefinitely after a fistfight broke
out among several parishioners at
Sunday services.
Police said two factions in the
congregation have been at bitter
odds for months over which pastor
should occupy the pulpit.
The name of the church: Greater
Friendship Baptist.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
Congo So.
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
Council June 20 that following an
agreement entered into the pre-
vious day between the Leopold
vile and Stanleyville authorities,
Parliament would meet at Luvan-
ium University outside the capi-
tai not later than June 25.
The parties have agreed that
deputies would live in complete
isolation while Parliament is in
session while all security details
would be handled by the United
Nations.
The so-called constitutional is
sue, has caused all sorts of COM
plications for the UN in the Con-
go. An earlier solution might have
avoided much of the bitterness and
recriminations which often mark
ed the international operation.
Ever since the UN became con-
cerned with the threat to the
peace, represented by the turmoil
following the withdrawal of Bel
gium last summer, the problem
of who could legally represent the
newly Independent country deeply
concerned the Secretary General.
Mr.. Hammarskjold made it clear
on more than one occasion that
the secretariat recognized two
sources of legality in the Congo,
the President of the Republic and
Parliament.
The deep divisions within the
country and repeated outside inter
ference, however, prevented the
eonvening of Parliament, with the
result that no decision taken by
the Congolese authorities could be
considered as fully legal.
The Soviets were quick to ex-
plot this advantage in order to
try to undermine the position of
the UN in Africa. 1t also led to a
deep split among African repre-
senatives at the UN.
Because of decision taken by
the General Assembly during the
last session, the secretar;at was
compelled to deal with President
Kasavubu only even though it
knew that he represents one of
two sources of legality.
The convening of Parliament
could at last correct a situation
that has caused the CN deep en-
barrassment and without which no
final solution can be envisaged.
The main concern at the mo-
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01

The daughter of a lay preacher
had attended a dance, much against
her fathers wishes. When she ap-
peared for breakfast the next morn
ing, he greeted her:
"Good morning, daughter of Sa-
TAM"
"Good morning. father" she re-
piled.
Jackson advocate., 1961-07-01
SATURDAY, JULY 1, 1861


television station.
Williams said people in many
New Jersey communities are ter
rfied that Negroes win move into
their areas.
1T seems to me that we must
get folks thoughtfully discussing
their fears and analyxing them n
L think we will analyxe them
away" Williams said
Evening star., 1961-05-14

after Congressional pressure, the immigration and
Naturalization Service decIasafed report on the use
of public funds to send border inspectors to rife and
pistol Matches
At one time, the State Department stored gifts
received BY Federal officials from foreign nations
in a ''cIassifed'' building. Under fire for this
action, the State Department finally and reIuc-
family let reporters enter the building.
One result of this secrecy happy approach has
been the creation of giant mountain OF CLASSIFIED
documents. Each week our government now classi-
fees stack of documents higher than the Empire
State Building!
In the past ID years we have accumulated more
than three times as much secret material as was
classified in the entire history of our government
from the Civil War l946, and this includes all of
World War II and the Manhattan Project, which
built the first atomic bomb.
What is being done to end this sitting growth of
secrecy? For one thing, we in Congress are trying
to limit the number of agencies with the right to
classify papers.
As you might imagine, Federal official is
given the right to WELD secrecy stamp, he doesn't
like giving it up. But recently the authority to
classify documents Withdrawn from some 30
Government agencies which included the Indian
Arts and Crafts Board, the Migratory Bird Conserva
ton Commission, and the Lincoln Sesquicentennial
Commission.
Why do Government agencies desire to cloak
their activities in secrecy, for other than
national Defense prevent invasons of personal
privacy? Nearly always the stems from
desire to avoid public criticism of ineficiency and
waste Decisions considered and adopted without
public scrutiny much less subject to public
criticism, even though they affect many citizens.
But with Federal budget topping $50 billion, every
Evening star., 1961-05-14
WASHINGTON

WASHINGTON
\ few years ago Federal agency decided to
"A classify as secret the amount Of peanut
butter used by our Armed Forces. 1t was thought
that an alert enemy might be able to determine the
size of our forces from the amount of peanut
butter consumed.
This was fuzzy-headed try at censorship. I'm
fortunately another Government agency in Wash
ington was at the same time publishing reports
which gave down to the last man the size of our
Armed Forces These reports weren't classified.
Anyone could buy them!
The peanut-butter situation was one of the more
comic aspects in the continuing battle between the
dictates of secrecy and the peoples right to know.
In recent years the balance in this tugof-war has
swung drastcally to the side of secrecy.
We must reverse this situation before it is too
late. For Government is everybody's business, and
what you don't know about it toiN hurt you.
Today thousands of government decisions are
made in secret. You as private citizen cannot find
out what is going on. Time and time again we, your
lawmakers, have also been denied access to impor-
tant information which is essential in representing
you responsiby and intelligently.
have made list of some of the more fantastic
examples of needless secrecy. The list could run
on for pages, but I've tried to condense it for
brevity's sake:
group of college students prepared a scrap
book of newspaper clippings, scientific magazine
articles, and articles from foreign publications
about atomic energy. The PentagOn got scind Of
this, and classified the tUI'OLe scrGPbOOk as top
secret!
The secrecy stamp placed on a report describing
shark attacks on hiptrecked sailors, euen though the
atipwrecks occurred more than 20 years ago.
. A scion fifc study mn N Modern 0d0Dt0tiOu of
the bOU aud arrOtU classified secret!