davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-17
ROddeyEnters
Plea Of Guilty
Faces Sentence
For Espionage

Retractlng an earlier not
guilty plea, a former Pentagon
worker pleaded guilty today to
espionage charges growing out
of the theft Of secret docu-
ments from the Defense estab-
lishment.
Arthur Rogers Roddey, 3S, Of
Falls Church entered the plea
before Alexandria Federal
Judge Albert v. Bryan to one
Of IL counts alleging espionage,
false statements and larceny.
Roddey was arrested in De-
cember. about four months
after he lost his job as O
Mathematician with the Weap-
onS System Evaluations Group
in the Institute Of Defense
Analysis. This Ia q private
research organization at the
Pentagon.
OSHCK NVUhtS Oub
The FBI never intimated 1t
believed Roddey was working
with q foreign government but
charged him with espionage
under a broad statute that in
cludes unauthorized use Of clas-
sified documents.
With today's guilty plea.
which could lead to q $4,000
fine. 10 years imprisonment or
both, the Government indicated
it was dropping the other
counts Of the indictment.
The count to which the tall,
balding defendant pleaded
charged him with having un-
authorized possession of q doc
ument called "The Application
of Satellites for Meteorological
Reconnaissance" containing
information he had reason to
believe could be used to the
advantage of a foreign nation"
Sentencing Deferred
Judge Bryan deferred SEN
fencing pending q probation
report and continued bond at
$4,000 after Roddey had. been
questioned on the stand.
II never had any intention
Of compromising the national
defense" Roddey said. II was
never motivated to pass on any
defense information to a for
eign power"
Roddey said about half Of the
document Count 81 was his
own work, and that about half
Of the other documents found
also were a product Of my own
work" The FBI said it found
200 documents in the Roddey
See RODDEY, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-02-17
UAR Will Act
For u. n. Move
InCongoCrisis
Wants Lumumbu
Probe and Shukeup
Of Gizengu Foes
BY EARL H. VOSS
Star staff Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
Feb. 1.-THE United Arab Re-
public today announced its in
tention to join Ceylon and Lii
IBERIA in presenting a five-point
Security Council resolution to
strengthen the United Nations
role in the Congo.
UAR Ambassador Omar Loutfi
told the Security Council the
United Nations is duty bound"
to prevent civil war in the
Congo and the three-power
resolution would contain meas
ures to this effect.
The UAR repeatedly has been
supplying arms to the pro-
Communist forces Of Antoine
Gizenga in Oriental Province,
the stronghold of former Pre-
mier Patrice Lumumba.
The three-nation resolution
would provide for immediate
withdrawal of all Belgian and
other nom United Nations mill
tary personnel. In case the
Belgians did not comply, the
Security Council should con-
slider applying sanctions, Am
basSador Loutfi said.
Would Probe Lumumba Case
Other points in the resolu-
ton:
Parliament should be con-
vened under United Nations
protection.
An immediate and impartial
investigation Of former Premier
Lumumba's death should be
initiated.
Measures should be taken tc
reorganize and discipline the
Congolese armed forces. These
measures should be applied
"impartially." he declared, but
should begin with troops COM
mitting aggresSions.
Ambassador Loutfi appar-
emily referred to forces under
Mai. Gen. Joseph Mobutu
headuuartered in Leopoldville
and President Noise Tshombe.
in Katanga. The UAR recog-
nized pro-Communist Mr.. Gil
zenga of Stanleyville earlier
this week as the legitimate
leader Of the Congo. as has
Russia. But Mr.. Loutfi's reso.
luton runs counter to the Rus
sian demand that all U. N
forces be withdrawn in q
month from the Congo.
q. s. Views ParalIeled
United Nations members also
had under study a recommen-
dation by its 11-nation concili-
alton commission for the Congo
that a summit conference" of
Congolese leaders be called to
set up q federation in the
strife-torn African nation.
The commissions report is
understood to parallel United
States views on the best ap-
proach to restoration Of unity
and peace in the Congo.
A United Nations advisory
committee Of 18 nations decided
See U. n, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-02-17

been sent to the Senate. The
Senate District Committee,
meanwhile, has held an in
formal hearing on his nomina-
ton.
Mr.. Sullivan, an investment
banker, was nominated by
President Eisenhower during
the last session of Congress.
The Senate took no action on
the nomination and the Presi-
dent then gave Mr.. Sullivan a
recess appointment.
Before the Kennedy admin
istration took office last month,
the White House again sent
Mr.. Sullivan's nomination to
the Senate in order to keep
him on the payroll.
Evening star., 1961-02-17
Terrorism Follows
Arrest by Gizengo
Rebel Seizes
Chief Aide,
Riots Erupt

LEoPOLDvnLE, the Congo,
Feb. II (AP).-LeftiSt leader
Antoine Gizenga has arrested
his chief lieutenant in a rebel
struggle for power, and fresh
anti-white terrorism is spread
ing through Kivu Province, it
was reported today.
Anicet Kashamura, Kivu
leader and No. 2 man Of the
pro-Communist rebels, was
beaten, and arrested yesterday
in the Kivu provincial capital Of
Bukavu, said refugees reaching
neighboring Ruanda-U
The refugee reports, con-.
firmed by United Nations
headquarters, said anarchy
reigns in Kivu, with rampag-I
ing Congolese venting their
wrath on whites. A Belgian
Catholic priest was beheaded by
rioters, U. N. headquarters
was told, and some nuns we're
reported molested.
Mr.. Kashamura was be-
lieved to be a potential chal-I
lenger to the Communist
trained Gizenga as successor
to Patrice Lumumba.
Mr.. Kashamura took power
with the help Of Mr.. Gizenga'SI
armed forces early this year.
He was born in Kivu, where
he founded the Crea Party.
The party pledged support for
Mr.. Lumumba early in his po-
litical career.
SOftened Dictatorship
Mr.. Kashamura deported
Kivu President Jean Miruhol
and most Of the Kivu officials
to Stanleyville, Mr.. GiEenga'sl
rebel capital in Oriental Prov
ince, when he took power. The
Belgian government claims Mr..
Miruho has since died from
torture.
An explanation for Mr..
Kashamura's custer could be-
that he had recently softened
his Lumumbist dictatorship in
Kivu. While he decreed three
days Of mourning for Mr.. LII.
mumba, he asked the popula-
ton not to give way to angr.
revenge. II
Yesterday, he was reported by
refugees as saying he planned
to leave the province for STAN
leyville because he felt insecure
after departure Of his troops
for Southern and Eastern Kivu.
He was also quoted as saying
he declined any responsibility
for the lives Of Europeans who
remained after his departure.
Anti-White Violence Erupts
Shortly afterward he was ar
rested, beaten and carried away
to the north toward Stanley
vile, refugees said. Christophe
Benya. interior minister of Mr..
Gizenga'S government, arrived
in Bukavu from Stanleyville
and took over as leader of Kivu
Province. these accounts added.
Violence against whites
erupted simultaneously with
the turnover of power.
Some rebel soldiers and
See CONGO, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-02-17

beating of native drums, took
part in the biggest anti-Amer-
ican demonstration yet emerg-
ing as a result of the death Of
Patrice Lumumba.
The angry mob overturned
cars driven by whites and
mauled, stoned and spat on
white pedestrians.
No Americans were reported
injured in the melee, which
police met with swinging clubs
and tear gas. One Dane was
severely mauled before being
rescued.
Calm Returns to City
Streets of the city were calm
today. although the overturned
cars amid the litter Of broken
glass from smashed windshields
remained as evidence OF last
nights rioting.
Expressing the governments
regrets, T. o. S. Benson, infor-
nation minister, appealed to
NigerianS to avoid acts Of
violence which "are bound to
damage the reputation Of our
great country"
Shouting "imperialists," the
mob marched first on the
neighboring United States and
Belgian embassies and let loose
with a rain of rocks, smash
ing windows in both buildings
and then in the United States
Information Agency offices
about half a mile away.
At the height Of the rioting
United States Ambassador
Joseph Palmer rode through the
Evening star., 1961-02-17

The New York Democrat said
legislation should be intro
duced at the maximum" so
that later compromises do not
cut too deep" into its provi-
SionS.
Although the administration
and Democratic congressional
leaders have called for fast
action, MIR. Powell warned that
it viii be difficult to move the
bill as rapidly as we had
william r. Schnitzler, secre-
tary-treasurer Of the AFL-CIO.
told the subcommittee the ad-
ministration's proposal "is not
a bad bill," but he maintained
1T is just not good enough"
Goldberg Defends
Labor Secretary Goldberg.
leading off testimony. agreed
that a more generous bill would
be justified. but defended the
administrators bill as "a prac-
tical measure geared to the
necessities Of the times and the
necessities Of the legislative
process.
ParaphraSing q passage in
the Old Testament, Mr.. Gold
berg said: I'VE must have a
ladder which is on earth but
which extends to HEAVIER"
Mr.. Powell replied: That's
what you call celestial escala-
ton"
The view voiced today was
the opposite of expected testi-
mony by retailers and other
business groups that the ad-
ministration bill would go too
far in raising the wage floor
d1iO CAOCI1O1IlS COtCIdkCs
Extension Also Asked
The q d ration's bill
would increase the minimum
wage for about "a million COW
cred workers from 81 an hour
to $1.15 four months after en-
actment, to $l.20 one year later
and SIPS after two years.
Mr.. Kennedy also has recon-
extending coverage to
about 4.3 million of the 20 mil
lion workers who now are ex-
cluded. They would start with
Evening star., 1961-02-17

q minimum Of 81 an hour that
would rise in annual steps to
$1.05, $1.15 and finally $1.25D
Starting in the second year
they would receive premium
pay for, overtime beyond a
hours a week with their work
week declining to 42 hours and
then to 40 hours.
Mr.. Powell and Mr.. SchnitZ-
Ter called for an immediate
$1.25 minimum for workers
covered by existing law. Mr.
Schnitzler proposed extension
Of coverage to SO million work.
ers instead of 4.3 million. Mr..
Powell also advocated broader
coverage than the administra-
ton proposes, including hotel
workers, but did not specify
details or totals.
Arguing for liberalization of
the minimum wage on both
humanitarian and economic
grounds, Mr.. Goldberg said the
legislation is a key part Of the
administration's anti-receSsion
program because it would build
up purchasing power.
Raises TabuIated
He estimated that 10 million
workers covered by existing law
would receive 1896 million in
wage increases during the first
year. When the legislation took
full effect, he said, 3 million
workers would receive raises
totaling 1896 million.
Among newly covered work.
ers. he estimated, 804. 900 would
receive an extra $242 million in
the first year. Ultimately. he
said, IL million would receive
raises Of 1859 million.
Answering major arguments
Of the opposition, Mr.. Goldberg
said:
The bill would create more
jobs than 1t eliminated, because
it would increase purchasing
power and demand. Proposed
extension Of coverage would
include only large enterprises,
and would be we'll within Con-
gress' constitutional power.
Increased wage would help
end the deficit in the United
States balance Of payments
See WAGE, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-02-17
Dynamite Kills ID =.
In South African Mine

JOHANNESBURG, South
Africa, Feb. II (AP).-Fourteen
miners-and perhaps 22-
periShed today in a dynamite
explosion in a gold mine at
Roodepoort, just west of Johan-
nesburg.
Mine directors said the cause
Of the accident was not yet
established, but it was known
to have occurred when cases
Of dynamite containing the
equivalent of 1000 pounds Of
explosives were being lowered
to the 500-foot working level.
Evening star., 1961-02-17
Powell, Labor OfficioI
Call Wage Bill Weak
Legislator Predicts Slow Progress;
Goldberg Defends Measure as Practical
By LEE M. COHN
star staff Writer

President KennedyS minimum wage bill into oppos-
ton today from organized labor and from Chairman Powell
Of the House Labor Committee. They contended the
administrations proposal is too modest
This bill does not up to what had expected
Mr. Powell said hearings opened before subcommittee.
Evening star., 1961-02-17

Contributions to the citizens commit
tee effort to win the District O vote
for President and Vice President
should be mailed TO P. o. Box 81,
Ben Fronklin Stotion, Washington.
D. c.
Evening star., 1961-02-17
Frenzied Nigerion Mob
Stones U. S. Embassy
10000 Screening Africans Also Attack
BeIqion Offices as Native Drums Beat

LAGOS, Nigeria, Feb. IT (AP).-The American and
Belgian Embassies sormed last night by screaming
Nigerians in outburSt of antiwhite feeling bringing
riot to the streets of this African capital where whites always
had been welcome.
More than 10000 Africans, whipped into fury by the
Evening star., 1961-02-17

deoth of Potriee
Lum U m b O was
anything but i'm
provised, in the
opinion Of Paris
dipIomots. Crosby
S Noyss. The
Stor's foreign cor.
respondent, tells
how the latest
offensive Of the
Communist bloc
wos org onized
end discusses its
Evening star., 1961-02-17

poTtent for the West in
WATCHING THE WORLD
his three times-weekIy column thot
keeps the Europeon scene in per-
speetive for Washington readers.
See todoy's Editorial Pose.
For Home Delivery of
The Star Coll Ii. $4,000
Evening star., 1961-02-17
COMING SOON.
TRAIN MISSILES

TRAIN LAUNCHED MISSILES
will be the lond-bosed counterpart
Of the elusive PoIoris submorine
missile. WilIiom Hines, 5tor science
writer, tells Of the work thot goes
into fitting roilrood cors with Min.
utemen missiles on Poss All.
CHARLES coVELL, outdoors edi-
tor Of The Stor. touring in FIorido,
tells how one resident there uses q
homemade ruft in boss fishing, on
Pose ca.
VIRGINIA STATE BAR exomino.
tion results show thot l22 applicants
have posed. Their nomes ore listed
on Poge b..
Evening star., 1961-02-17
TILE WEATuFn. Full Report
SHI V6AIHGNs on Pass AZ

District and vicinity Cloudy, not as cold
tonight. some rain likely before morning;
low about SO. Cloudy, mild tomorrow. occa-
sional rain. High and low Of last "a hours:
High. a. at 3 pm. yesterday; low. 80, at
3 am. today.
Evening star., 1961-02-17
Well Planned

Russio's violent outburst over the
Evening star., 1961-12-13

back with sufficient strength
to win.
1t is not enough to have
the big bombs stocked in
stacks. There must be a
means of delivering them to
the targets. The Russians
have two known systems:
Missiles and planes. The
United States has three: Mis-
siles, planes and fighting
ships. There is another
Army tactical weapons - but
it Is doubted that this will be
decisive in a war of con-
tinentS.
If war should come now,
the United States Air Force
will rely on manned bombers.
We do not have reliable in
tercontinental missiles in
large numbers. I would guess
that we have less than SO
Atlas missiles sunk in con-
crete silos and ready for fir
ing.
THE SO-CALLED mixed
concept" of American air.
power isn't a true mix at all.
The manned bombers we
have run into the thousands.
The ICBM missiles are conted
in dozens. OF the two, the
bomber is still the better
weapon. 1t can be evaSive.
1t can change its mind. The
missile cannot.
Copyright, 1861, King Features
Syndicate, 1ncD
Evening star., 1961-12-13

feat. In time, it would be
forced to use nuclear mis-
siles, or lose the war. There
fore it is generally agreed
that the original belligerent
might as we'll open hostil-
tiles with his heaviest blow.
If this assumption is cor
rect, and the military phil
oSophy of the United States
remains as it is-to permit
the enemy to strike first
then the thinking of the
Joint Chiefs of StaffS must
be channeled toward survival
and retaliatory strength.
There must be enough left
after the first punch, not
only to hit back, but to hit
Evening star., 1961-12-13

seSsment Of all the compo-
nents of war: Cd Permitting
an enemy to strike first: co
imputing to him the utmost
in intelligence and strength;
(3 an understanding of the
words "operational" and
dispersal; (4 retaliating in
sufficient force to roll back
the enemy'S eyes and ears
first; 60 annihilating his
military bases and forces and
industry.
IF THE INTELLIGENCE
of the Soviet Union is Of a
high order. there will be no
war. Such a war has been
called Double Suicide. A
proper term would be Mu-
tual Murder. If it is un-
restricted-not confined to
military Establishments
neither side will have more
than 10 per cent of its pres
ent population left. and not
enough arabic land to feed
them.
This leads to a thought
on the horror of the holo-
caust. The United States
and the Soviet Union, it must
be assumed, have stocked
enough thermonuclear bombs
to destroy, not only each
other, but the continents
of the world. This stock in
cludes bombs of many sizes
and disposition.
The Soviet Union was
guilty of childish boasting
when it detonated a 50-meg-
atom bomb in the Arctic. One
megaton, of course, is the
equivalent of l million tons
of INT. All of the bombs
dropped on Germany in
World War II weighed 2.8
million tons. Thus the ex-
plosion of a 50-million ton
device served no purpose
other than to terrify. The
largest military target in the
world would require, at the
most, a 5-megaton bomb to
melt and fuse it into a glut-
enous mass. The United
States, to my knowledge, has
never built a thermonuclear
bomb larger than 20 mega
tons.
There is no upper limit
to the power of nuclear
bombs. Assuming that a
small one costs 81 million
to build, the oscillation of
cost is reduced as the bomb
grows bigger. A bomb twice
the size of a small one may
cost $1.1 million. When Mr..
Khrushchev was boasting
about the 50-megaton bomb,
he knew that it is possible
to build and explode one on
the order of so gigatons-a
gigaton is / billion tons.
It has been estimated that
four bombs in the gigation
range could destroy all of
continental United States.
The larger land mass of Rus
sia would require eight or
10 Of these devices. We can
build them. So can the Rus
slams. Dragging about so
megatons did not help Mr..
Khrushchev'S cause. If any,
thing, it drew some of the
neutralist sheep closer to the
United States, and unified
opinion in this country that
America is weary of threats
and artificaial olive branches.
Should war come-and I
hasten to repeat that the
best thinking among intelli-
gence officers is that it will
mott will be anything but
a small, controlled conflict.
In a conventional battle, the
side which is losing is bound
to resort to heavier and heav-
Ter weapons to stave off de-
Evening star., 1961-12-13

First Of series on the United Stotes
Air Force.
Evening star., 1961-12-13
jim BISHOP:
REPORTER
u. S. Bomber Chief Reliance

All wars are won by de-
stroying the enemy's ability
to retaliate. The United
States Air Force thinks it
can, with the assistance of
the Navy and Army, do this
to the Soviet Union now.
This is not as boastful as
1t sounds. 1t is based upon
profound and prolonged as
Evening star., 1961-02-20
M0MTaoMERY COUNTY

90 sHSS:- ,sSS: s-S,slnA. sA 'SSsSs,Is:s EsnsI:s.
large kit. lovely iadnscaped iot.
Call to inspect. 10, 6-299O.
Evening star., 1961-02-20

S25. .Oo0-3-bedrm., 1 full bath
plus . powder rms. brk. Co.
lonial: center entrance. liv. .rm.
with tirepl... din. rm., large kit.s
rec. rm. with firepl., hot.wetef
heat, gerage. screened porch
Greenwich Forest,
Evening star., 1961-02-20

925. .0O0-5-bedrm.. . fun bath
split-level: GE kit, large sep. din.
rm., finished rec. rm.; 3 mos.
old. Holy Eedeemef Pariah-Ken.
sington.
Evening star., 1961-02-20

Colonial on beautiful large lot:
hot-water heat, all large rms:
$4,000 dn. balance LIST trust
Evening star., 1961-02-20
@EO W. RORERTSON

$2s. s.o00-3.bedrm.. 2-bGth brk.
Eit.; Eit0is1 ioV.ls 1iss lsoss.@Aita nv VISTA. aa' -'
Evening star., 1961-02-20
Oo.OPERA1VH Aprs.

LQoKng0 ROB golgETarea on
q. USUAL Y. ToE ogs.,:nsI S:sIx s: 200 dn,ss {
sasHa sna eatEsdrs' ~ esiiinEE. s via s,pf frsD s
Nothing like 4 IN town. Cali Mrs.
Eutisy' Oh. e.11sb FOR aDpt. 70
H a on4 s.,Ss. = son Fl. $4,000
Evening star., 1961-02-20

SPLIT-LEVEL-3 bedrms., rec. rm.
Ia baths, din. rm.. table space
kit: storm doors and windows;
carport; lge. fenced corner lot,
beautifully handicapped. Avail
Mar. 1; S175.
Evening star., 1961-02-20

GEO. W. ROBERTSON
Realtor OIL. 2-2123,
BEVERLY HILLg-Sl,6O0 down,
ASSUME HIGH, LOAN. Like-new
3-bedrm., 2-bath brk. split; rec.
rm., nice yard; close to parochtel
and public schools. LO. $3.50.
@. A. sCHLESINQER CO.
BLAIR HIGH AREA-Clean 3-bed.
rm. brk. Cape Cod, nr. Sligo pkwy.
Vacant. $17.5O0 takes it.
TAKoAIA REALTY JU. $1,000
BRADLEY BLVD. AREA, near Ken.
wood entr.-Impressive Split-level
on dead-end street: entr.. hall, big
den. powder rm.. 5 bedrms., .
baths: family rm. w/firepl.: double
bedrm. and u bath on garden
level; garage; acre, SAMUEL :
BoGLEY OF ND. INC" Oh. 9.
Evening star., 1961-11-17

With olUminized tube, filter
screen, wireless remote control.
Evening star., 1961-11-17

Eliminates cold room or orso Of your home
by freeing trapped worm oir in ducts; consists
Of hot-uiT register, C-E fon and Minneapolis
Honeywell preset ihermosfot. Assorted sizes.
Eosy 10 instuIl. A. Nos. l, ,, 4.
Evening star., 1961-11-17

With famous reverb" sound, s
speakers, powerful AM-FM rodio
and power transformer.
Evening star., 1961-01-27

oped, and we hope this will become an
added stimulant to the transit program.
Perhaps the most important single
concept, however, Is that this need not
all be done at once. While the planners
are thinking in terms Of 1880 require
ments, and of an eventual so per cent
increase in the city's tax base down.
town, their approach is to preserve good
buildings and to tear down old ones only
when something new is ready to 60 up.
It is the massive do-it-all-at-once plans
which never seem to get off the ground.
These planners believe, and we think
they are right, that once businessmen
begin rebuilding downtown, the desir-
ability Of continuing will become obvi-
Gus and the program will develop a
momentum Of its own.
Once when the late Frank Lloyd
Wright was invited to tell Pittsburgh
off1cials what to do about their city, he
looked around and said, Gentlemen,
there Is only one solution. Abandon II"
We think this is bad advice for any city,
and we are glad that Washington at
least Is trying not to accept 1t.
Evening star., 1961-01-27
Much Better

After they have absorbed such a
steady diet Of brickbats, kind word
to the authorities is due for their han
ding Of trafflc during our latest deluge
from the heavens.
Part Of the credit, to be sure, must
60 to nature for producing a dry, pow
dery snow, and to the weatherman for
sounding an earlier warning. The rela-
tive absence Of abandoned stalled cars
also suggests that motorists themselves
were better prepared, and perhaps more
experienced. All the same, it was public
officials who had the good judgment to
get sanding crews out early, begin dis
charging Federal employees in advance
Of the storm and, during the night, to
perform remarkable Job of clearing
the main arteries. Most Of the really
severe tieups occurred during the hour
or two after noon, and perhaps this
could be minimized in the future by
more effectively staggering the dismis-
sal Of Federal workers
There also is evidence In all this of
better coordination among the juris-
dictions Of the area. But we hope ef-
forts in this direction will be extended,
and that officials will neither rest on
any one-time laurels nor assume that
the worst Of this winter has passed.