davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

gram under the Department OF
Commerce was passed. The Senate
also accepted a committee amend
mcnt which strengthened the anti
pirating provisions by prohibiting
the use of Federal funds to assist
business in relocating from one
area to another And finally, the
bill established definite criteria
for determining eligibility for de-
pressed-area assistance
Space Development Goes To Air
Force-Under a directive issued
by Secretary of Defense Robert
S. Mcnamara, the Air Force is
given the responsibility for re-
search, development, test and
engineering Of defense space-de-
velopmcnt programs and projects
The Army and Navy are barred
from this field except under I'M
usual circumstances. The Navy
will continue work on its naviga-
tion-satellite program, and the
Army will retain jurisdiction over
its communications-satellite pro-
gram
Some significant changes are be-
ING made in Army plans. To get
the Army set for big or little wars,
Pentagon officials tell our Senate
Committee on Armed Services that
they want to start these changes:
l. Raise the Army from $4,000
men of 925.OO9, adding new divi-
sion to the Strategic Army Corps.
2. Buy a billion dollars worth of
priority weapons at once-rifles,
antitank rockets, light airplanes,
tanks, armored personnel carriers,
radio and fire-control communica-
tions. trucks and amphibious We
hicles.
8. Speed up development of ad-
vanced battlefield missile artillery,
planes that take off and land YER
tically, "Goer' vehicles that travel
off roads as we'll as on.
4. Build up mobile force and
guerrilla forces, and send more
troops to ready positions over
seas.
The Moon. Venus, and Marsl-
Wen be landing an instrument
package on the moon, says Asso-
ciate Administrator Seamans OF the
Space agency. He says that test
flights will soon be started of the
spacecraft known as Ranger, de-
signed to carry an instrument pack
age built ruggedly enough to sur
vive a lunar crash landing. Then
its instruments will record and
radio back to earth data on the
makeup of the lunar surface" he
said, continuing: I'VE will begin
test flights of Ranger using the
Atlas-Agene launch vehicle. Fol
lowing Ranger will come Surveyor,
spacecraft that will be able to
make a so-called soft landing on
the moon. Also under way is a
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

Lewis, Mr. and Mrs Bill Slau-
baugh Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde Will
son and daughters, Buck Arnold,
Jimmie and Ebert Lewis, Putt
Corbin. Dale Wouing. Ella Slau-
baugh. Edgell Hollen, Mr. and Mrs.
Levi Sell. Mr.. and Mrs Arnold
Slaubaugh, Shirley Sell. Bernard
Rcmbold and Bill Parks.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

at the latters' home.
Visiting Mr.. and Mrs. William
Hollen on the farm over the week
end were Mr.. and Mrs. Carl De-
laney, Mr. and Mrs Junior Slau-
baugh and children, Mr., and Mrs.
Ernest Dumire, Mr. and Mrs. John
Calcamp, Mr. and Mrs. John Err
vim Calcamp, Mr. and Mrs. Rufus
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

Meyers and children, Grantsville;
and Mr.. and Mrs. Emmons Meyers,
Mt Airy
Catherine Bethel who is en-
ployed at Mt Lake Park, visited
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Warren
Bethel over the weekend.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

An earth3lide near Kiev. Russia,
killed 145 people; las were hos
pitalized
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-04-06

Faith and courage, convinced are the keys to
progress for community foth in the people OF the ueu
and courage accept the challenge them WE'LL O.
oeher they result in constant improvement bettemen and
convenience The community forward widen our
rudus of attraction and service with each facility
These are the blocks upon which thriving community
is built Oakland Pharmacy has just added another TO the
ever-expondnq services community offers.
Such an expression of foth and courage proiseWorth
indeed The Garrett National Bunk joins with oil others in
teested progress conveying Harmed and Proudoo on
enthusiastic well Done"
Evening star., 1961-12-04
THE EVENING STAR
Washington. D. C.. Mondoy. December 4. 1867 yi.

ALL S STORES OPEN LATE
MON. THRU FRI. TILL DEC. y:
Downtown, e:30-e; Silver Spring,
PARKineton, Prince Georges pIozo
and NARROW Heights, 10-o:30
Sot., Downtown, 9:30-6;
4 suburban stores open Sat-, 1O-o:30 pm.
To order, just dial 737-7500
Any Time Day or Night.
Evening star., 1961-01-04
Navy Circuit Riders
To Try Offenders

cused may have served six
months or 90 before reversal.
The Nays program is called
a circuit rider program. The
Army has used the system
worldwide for two years. The
Marine Corps is experimenting
with 1t in North Carolina and
Southern California.
The Army has found the new
system cuts appellate reversals
to q third Of what they were.
The Air Force does not use
the circuit rider system nor
does 1t plan to, q spokesman
said today. Instead. they at
tempt to call in law officers for
specific cases for which they
are qualified.
General courts-martial are
the only courts that can give
sentences Of more than six
months.
Evening star., 1961-01-04
Church Dancers
To Drumutize Feust

A company Of modern dane.
.ers from st. Johns Episcopal
Church, Mclean, will drama
tie the Incarnation and Epi-
phany during an Epiphany
Feast Of Lights service at 1880
pm. Friday in st. Marks Epis-
copal Church, Third and A
streets Sc.
The children'S choir and in
strumentalists from st. Michael
and All Angels Episcopal
Church, Adelphi, also viii par
ticipate.
Evening star., 1961-01-04
Aouurium Society

The Districts National !
Aquarium Society will meet at
8 o'clock tonight in the down.
stairs meeting room Of the Pet
worth Branch Library. Georgia
avenue and Upshur street NV.
Evening star., 1961-01-04

The Navy began q test pro-
gram here yesterday that may
eventually add to the fairness
Of its general eourts-martial for
serious crimes.
Under the old system o Navy
man could be tried for murder
by . part-time law oficer. The
officer would be q trained at
torney, but would not necessar-
| lily have judicial experience. He
often was an expert in claims
or in international law.
Nevertheless, the officer
would probably pull duty as
court-martial law officer-the
rough equivalent Of q civilian
judge.
AS Of yesterday, this system
ended In several Eastern and
Southern states. Two new Naval
Judicial Units were set up here
and at Norfolk, Va.
Travel to Trials
The two judiciary officers
here viii travel about to try all
general courts-martial in New
York, Connecticut, New Jersey,
Delaware as well as in Wash
ington. The Norfolk's units
single judiciary off1cer will COW
Ter Maryland, Virginia, West
Virginia and Kentucky.
The three officers will have
no distracting duties.
II the new program works
well. 1t may become standard
at the beginning Of 1862 for
the whole Navy. Eighteen full
time law officers would be all
that would be required for the
800 general courts-martial in an
leverage year.
Evening star., 1961-01-04
Army Uses System

At present. nearly 3 per cent
Of the trials in which the &C.
cused pleads not guilty but is
convicted are reversed by ap-
pellate tribunals. But the ac-
Evening star., 1961-07-26
DORIS FLEESON
Dirksen's Role in Aid Fiqht

the amount asked and his
proposal for direct Treasury
grants for over five years
for low-interest development
loans to underdeveloped ma
tions. For once, Republicans
are more concerned about
the latter than the strictly
spending aspect which is
usually their main complaint.
Five years would put the
program to a large extent
out of the 1862 and 1864
elections which Republicans
now think they have a chance
of winning. That this would
aid the President in his con-
duct of foreign policy is OBJ
vious; it is felt by his advisers
that it is far more sound
financially.
1t is probable that three
years is the maximum
authority he can get on the
loans, even with the Mi
nority Leader on his side.
There is less worry about the
total amount.
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Europe Takes Short t-R0nge View

idea that a personal con-
versation "at the summit"
can ease tension or settle any
fundamental issues. There
isn't the pressure now for
summit" conferences as a
cure-all. On the contrary,
the feeling today among Of
ficials of the various govern
ments in Western Europe is
that President Kennedy has
cleared the air for the kind
of policies that he has just
proclaimed.
Because, the speech was
really of more direct concern
to the American people than
to Europeans - for defense
budgets and military prepa-
rationS undertaken by the
United States are not subjects
with WHICH the people here
are very familiar - the main
point conveyed was the sense
Of determination and firm
ness on the part of the Amer
lean government in insisting
on the maintenance of allied
rights in West Berlin. This
had been consistently fore
cast in the newspapers in
Europe for several days, so
it didn't come as a surprise.
What worries all these
countries really is the poSsi-
bility that American increases
in expense for military pur-
poses will have to be fol-
lowed by similar additions to
already strained budgets in
this part Of the world. To a
nation like Britain, which is
struggling to keep her money
from being devalued further,
this presents a serious threat
to financial stability.
The mobilizing of force
whether it be limited in mill
tary scope, or economic-car-
ries with it a degree of dis
comfort and a measure of
disruption of normal life that
may take time for these peo-
pie, as we'll as for their part
ners in the United States. to
absorb. But, as an alternative
to nuclear war, it will be
accepted stoically as an in
evitable, though painful, sac
rifice.
(copyright, 1961
Evening star., 1961-07-26
FEVER
BY Pete Wymo
BY FLETCHER KNEBEL

Britain begins austery program Even royalty
tenchng Buckingham Palace Mrs Kennedys sister bet
ter get along without calling herself Princess.
Holding hjacked United States airliner for ransom
Ffdel Castro has slogan: PAY now Fly later"
Kennedy speaks to the Nation Berlin We intend to
stand firm waverng in conviction that the other
side must be just scared as we are.
No wonder the White House wants recognize Outer
Mongolia 1t has growing backlog of advisers it would like
to send there.
Violence on TV isn't all bad One night while the kids
asleep father assaulted the TV set with an ak
and the kids have been playing happily outdoors ever since
Welfare Secretary Ribcoff battles the Nations doctors
medical But Rbcoff hopes preserve the doctor
patient relationship letting the doctors Republican
and keeping the patients Democratic.
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Calm Outlook Called Vital to Avoid
Worryinq Into Real Distress

production of more goods for
export. Along with this is
ected a temporary
freeze" on dividends and
wages. The interest rate at
the banks has just gone up
from 5 to 7 per cent.
It's hard, therefore, for
Britons to focus attention
on the words of Mr.. Ken
nedy's address itself, fate
full as they may prove to
be in the future. All this is
part of the drive in Britain
toward some solution of her
economic difficulties. Also,
when discomfort of this kind
arises, there's always a chance
of a general election and
a change in the party in
power.
Certainly, as Nikita Khru-
shchev surveys the scene,
he must assume that the
Western alliance is far from
the strong instrument Of po-
litical power that it is
cracked up to be. But. if
there is one thing that would
solidify the alliance over
night, it would be Mr.. Khru-
shchev's misreading of the
passing scene in Western
Europe. For only in free
countries do they publicly
discuss their internal trou-
bles. The Soviet Union has
plenty of troubles, too. 1t is
not so easy. even for a die
tatorship, to manage the
affairs of 200 million people.
President Kennedy'S speech,
of course, had been heralded
in advance as of transcen-
dent Importance. The Ameri-
can President is still a new
personality to Europeans,
but his words carry the pres
tige Of the Government Of
the United States.
Looking back a few weeks,
it now seems a wise move for
Mr.. Kennedy to have gone
to Vienna to meet Premier
Khrushchev. That meeting
has taken the edge off the
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Heart Fund Gifts
Rank County I'd

Montgomery County Heart
Fund contributions of $68, $50
pushed the 1861 Maryland
Heart Fund total to $493 ,275,
an increase Of more than $1O,-
900 over last year.
Contributions from Mont
gomery County were second
only to those from the Balti-
more Metropolitan area, where
$276,660 was raised.
Nelson T. Offutt of Balti-
more. general chairman of the
drive, released these figures as
part Of the 1960-61 financial
report.
In a statement accompany
ing the report, Raeburn H.
Parker, president of the Heart
Association of Maryland, COM
mended the 10000 Maryland
Heart volunteers and said the
fight against heart disease sis
a goal Of such Importance that
it should win the fullest sup
port Of every man and woman
in our State"
Evening star., 1961-07-26
DAVID LAWRENCE

IN EUROPE-What a diff
ferent perspective each Of
the Western European coun-
tries seems to have nova
days, in contrast to that Of
the United States!
While President Kennedy
has delivered, over a Nation
wide network of radio and
television In America, a mes
sage that is certain to have a
worldwide significance. it is
not a lessening of that evalu-
alton to note that Britain is
preoccupied with her eco
nomic troubles, or that
France is concerned over the
bloodshed in Tunisia, or that
West Germany is in the
midst Of a domestic election
campaign with international
overtones.
Perhaps the balapced per-
spective is to be found in a
country like Denmark, where
memories of the Nazi occu-
patton during World War II
have not vanished, and
where there is today a curl
Gus fatalism about the fu-
ture. AS one Danish official
puts it: I'VE would worry
ourselves into a condition Of
real distress if we didn't
train ourselves to take calm
ly the ups and downs Of in
ternational controversy"
Naturally. what affects the
British people this very week
or month, rather than what
mlgnC happen on Lne Berlin
issue later on, is of para
mount concern to them.
"Austerity" is being put into
effect as a policy by the
British government. This
means higher taxes on Gig
arettes, on gasoline, on beer,
on whisky and on tea, cocoa
and sugar, as we'll as on
kitchen equipment and elec-
trical goods. The idea is to
cut down on the consumer
goods supply and force the
Evening star., 1961-07-26
WILLIAM S. WHITE
u. S. Faces Big Decision in Africa

her agonies in the erstwhile
Belgian Congo.
For the newly independent
African powers are showing
that they will never settle for
part or even most of our sup
port. They demand all or
nothing, and all at once. One
of them, Tunisia, now pro-
ceedS to naked blackmail in
Washington. The Tunisian
Ambassador publicly threat
ems us that if we do not do all
his people demand for them
against the French, they will
invite in Russian "volun-
teers."
1t is good to make new
friends; but it is good also to
remain at least a little faith
full to friends of loyalty
proved in a hundred battles.
There is appeal in "indepen-
dence." But there is also a
certain appeal, to- common
sense, in certain facts Of
life. Was it President Habib
Borguiba of Tunisia who rail-
lied the allied world to stand
like one rock against Rus
sian threats to Berlin? Or
was it President Charles de
Gaulle of France?
Is it better to refrain from
bleeding French power al
together to death; or only
to have the friendship" of a
Tunisia which has no power
at all? Is "colonialism" more
evil than militaristic inter-
national communism? Are
we to preside over the de-
struction of the Western
world in order to foster that
new world, unarlned, unready
and incapable of assuming
any kind of world RESPONSE
bility, which is rising in
Africa on the sore backs of
Western powers which so
many here are so ready to
condemn?
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Republican Leaders Influence
Believed Crucial for Pussoqe
DORIS FLEESON

Senate debate on the for
eign aid bill starts next week,
with its managers conceding
that they will need eight to
10 Republican votes to put
across its key provisions. AS
of now they are reasonably
sure of only six.
Senate Republican Leader
DirkSen is the key figure. He
has been conciliatory on the
issue, and former President
Eisenhower has urged that
course on him. Senator Dirk
sen likes the President, which
is always helpful.
Some Of the Republican
supporters of the administra-
ton bill already have sug-
gested certain compromises
to make the bill reported by
the Foreign Relations Com
mittee more attractive to their
side of the aisle. This is ap-
preciated, but it is felt these
members speak for them
selves, while Senator Dirksen
has the needed influence with
his colleagues.
The problem of lining up
some votes from the opposi-
tion always requires delicate
handling. 1t is presently
complicated for Democratic
leaders by what they have
come to view as the political
necessity Of combating the
Republican right wing de-
Evening star., 1961-07-26
RALPH McGHLL

There is a White House
conference room which the
staff refers to as 1.-The Fish
Room" 1t is so called be-
cause there hangs on an end
wall a large and beautiful
sailfish, caught off Mexico in
1853 by a former United
States Senator, John F. Ken
nedy.
On another wall are two
paintings. One of them
shows a troika. the horses at
a dead run, entering a Rus
sian village. A bearded,
smock-clad man is driving.
Standing behind him. on
sacks of grain, is a younger
man, wearing a red, smock.
He is holding high aloft a
large American flag. On each
side of the village street are
cheering peasants. 1t is titled
distributing Supplies"
The second painting is less
dramatic. 1t depicts a ship
entering a Russian harbor,
the American flag flying
from her mast. It is titled
THE Relief Ship"
A brass plate states the
paintings are by Ivan Con-
stantinovitch Aivasovsky,
1817-1900, and that they were
presented by the Corcoran
Gallery Of Art.
Obviously, these paintings,
with. an American flag
cheered in Russia, were evi-
dences of an earlier, happier
relationship. The Corcoran
Gallery confirmed this. The
paintings, they said, were
presented in 1893 by the Rus
sian Artist Aivasovsky ito
express the hearty apprecia-
tion of my country for the
assistance rendered during
the recent famine in Russia. 7"
A nice young lady at the GAL
lery said also that E. M. Hal
liday had written a story
Evening star., 1961-07-26
SUMMER SPORT COATS

$685. Imported cotton Sport Coats ........ .22.7S
$35 $3o.95 Wash n Wear Sport Coats ..... 28.7S
S45 Dacron and Worsted Sport Coats ........ 337S
S5e95 and $65 Kuppenheimer & Calvert Sport
Coats s......,........... A67y
Evening star., 1961-07-26

power by pretending to give
people something for nothing" !"
R. w. Manley, former coun-
ty commissioner, was elected
chairman Of the group, esti-
mated at about 12O.
He said the philosophy of
Senator Goldwater, Republican
of Arizona, has wide support
in our area" He also praised
Senator Tower. Republican of
Texas. adding:
I'VE feel we cannot help
them by continuing to call our
selves Democrats when the
Democratic Party is against
everything these two outsand-
ing Americans stand for"
Evening star., 1961-07-26
RALPH McGILL
When u. S., Russia Were Friends

figure in American history,
who had been Ambassador
to Russia, urged relief. He
suggested sending it all in
specially ground cornmeal
with a recipe, which he pre-
pared, for pone bread to be
baked on a gridiron or a
plank. II eat it every day."
he said, in proposing that a
few Southern cooks be sent
along to teach the Russians.
1t was w. c. Edgar, editor
of the Northwestern Miller,
who made the campaign
SNOWFALL. All America par
ticipated. Railroads trans
ported flour and grain free.
Western Union sent tele-
grams without cost. Ship
owners donated vessels, six
in all. and paid the expenses
of the crews for the long
journey to Russia. The farm
ers of Nebraska contributed
two trainloads of corn meal.
Instructions, prepared in Chi
cago and printed in Russian,
were sewed to the sacks.
They did not, however, match
Ambassador Clay's specifica-
tions. Some 450 cities and
towns in Is States made con-
tributions.
In Russia the Car discov-
cred that wealthy spectators
were exporting grain while
several millions of persons
suffered from hunger. He
himself was suspected be-
cause he did not order such
rapacious practices halted
until they were exposed by
Americans.
There was a great fervor
Of friendship for America
as there was to be in 1922
when the Hoover Relief
Commission again took re-
lief to Russia. The Commu-
mist government never makes
references to these two epi-
sodes in history. That of
1892, indeed, is not well
known, even to Americans.
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Need to Choose Between Our Allies
And Third Force Motions Seen Near

the cold war with the Soviet
Union.
The middle way, siding
sometimes with the ex-colo-
malls and sometimes with our
old friends in the Western
alliance, would seem the best
way. It is to this way that
President Kennedy is pres
emily committed. But there
Is mounting evidence that
this way is not enough; that
soon we must climb down.
from this painful fence which
so long we have straddled.
The latest illustration
comes in Tunisia in North
Africa, the crossroads of the
world. Stripping the issue to
, its core, it is that the Tu-
nisians, having gained inde-
pendence from France, now
seek to drive the French from
their naval base at Bizerte.
To this base France has an
established right, no whit
less valid than our own right
to maintain our Guantanamo
base in Castro Cuba.
If we permit the Tunisi-
ans in the end to drive the
French from Bizerte, aided
by world opinion against
colonialism." what will we
say when Castro sets out to
drive us from Guantanamo,
aided by that same bowling
world opinion? And what
in the end is to happen to
the Vests sole shield against
Soviet military imperialism,
the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization?
France is the heart of that
alliance. Belgium Is vital to
it; that Belgium to which we
sent polite, chiding notes in
Evening star., 1961-07-26
Russian Paintings in White House Tell
Story of Our Food Gifts in Famine

about the famine relief of
that year in American Heri-
tage in August of 1860.
The story is a typically
American one, revealing the
almost compulsive wish of
this country to help the dra-
matically distressed. 1t is
only when we are confronted
with the need for long
range assistance, without
any visible symbol such as
starving children and the
ravages of plague, that we
become uncertain.
In 1892 aid to Russia was
not popular on Capitol Hill.
A proposal to appropriate
100000 for aid to the IA
mine victims passed the Sen
ate but was defeated in the
House. A Congressman from
West Virginia speaking in
opposition, said:
Can we have friendship
between tyranny and liberty:
between Asiatic despotism
and modern civilization :?
There is no friendship be-
tween such opposing forces.
I hope the hour will come
when we can clasp the Rus
sian hand in friendship. but,
that day will not come un-
til the Tartar has mended
his ways: until Poland is
free until constitutional
government shall prevail
from the Baltic to the Bering
Sea-"
This paragraph rings ia
miliarly in the ear because it
is a duplication, almost word
for word. of those being
made today when Mr.. Khru-
shchev. not the czar, is in
the Kremlin.
Despite congressional de-
feat, vast quantity of food
was sent. Cassius Marcellus
Clay the fiery Kentuckian,
(perhaps the most neglected
Evening star., 1961-07-26
100 Texans Blast
Kennedy, Switch
To Republicans

LITTLEFIELD, Tex, July 26
(AP).-Some 100 conservative
Democrats of this West Texas
farm and ranch country have
announced they are switching
to the Republican Party.
They explained their action
Monday night in a resolution
blaming the Kennedy admin
istration with irresponsible
spending to buy votes and