davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21
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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21
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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21
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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21
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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21
On The Screen
I4UIRDA

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Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

Mirror csaaslfleds bring results
Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

Bran Keith n
Kodiak mirror., 1961-07-21

Desert EAl--
Evening star., 1961-04-29
On Behalf of Ethics

In proposing both legislative and
executive action to establish the highest
possible standards of conduct in Govern
ment service, President Kennedy has
stated the unaSsailable principle that
officials must act with "unwavering
integrity, absolute impartiality and
complete devotion to the public
interest" 1t is not merely an exercise
in cyniciSm to say that this level of
perfection does not prevail uniformly,
and that perhaps it never will. At the
same time, for an operation as vast and
complex as that of the Federal Govern
ment, the standards have been high and
deliberate or serious violations have
been few.
The President is aware, Of course,
and he has so stated in his special
message on the subject, that statutes
and regulations, however intricately
conceived" cannot by themselves guar
antee complete morality in government.
They can, however, lay down the guide
lines and provide for punishment where
1t is deserved. In the light of the
presSures, as well as the temptations,
that are sometimes brought to bear on
public officials to grant. favored treat
ment, the existence Of such guidelineS
can be reasonably effective. Senator
Douglas Of Illinois once explained this
truth very perSuaSively when he told
a Judiciary subcommittee studying the
same question that, Laws help make
It easier for the average person to be
ethical, because he can then plead the
law as an excuse for doing the right
thing. Frequently in public life you
have to have an excuse to do the right
thing"
Existing statutes and regulations
have been largely outdated. Five out
of seven statutes now in effect, for
example, were adopted between 1853
and 1872. Under today'S conditions, the
President described them as grossly
deficient in form and substance" and
he has proposed in their place a single
Executive Employees Standards Act. He
has suggested, also, that Congress re-
quire regulatory agencies to adopt
approved codes of behavior bearing
particularly on the troublesome prob
lem OF ex parte contacts. On several
other points Of possible abuse, he has
promised corrective action through
executive order or memoranda. And
finally, he has announced his intent to
designate single officer in the White
House for the responsibility of co-ordi-
nation and review in this entire field.
Mr.. Kennedy'S message emphasized
that the office Of the presidency has the
ultimate responsibility for setting and
maintaining the Federal standards. He
has presented to Congress a strong
message of good intent.
Evening star., 1961-04-29

can deal with a single Federal rep
resentative, rather than with the 10
separate Federal agencies and CON-
missions which have some degree Of
responsibility in river development. To
coordinate their own efforts, the State
members of the compact are going to
have to cope with some so interstate
and State organizations and about $50
municipal and private groups. Surely
If these Emergencies can be reconciled
the Federal Government can coordinate
in one representative the views Of 10
agencies.
A few days ago, presumably in the
absence of any further arguments from
the administration as to constitutional
questions, the full House Judiciary Com
mittee approved the compact. Before
the House acts, perhaps it would be well
for the State representatives to have
another session with Mr. Udall, for
certainly if there are legitimate prob
lens posed for the Federal Government
they should be fully considered. But
the newness of an approach is not a
sufficient reason in itself for con-
demnation, especially in the develop
ment of political machinery to solve
problems which observe none of the
traditional political boundaries.
Evening star., 1961-04-29
Skittish Frontiersmon

1t Is not surprising that the Cover
nors and Senators from New York, New
Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania
have been deeply dismayed and shocked
by the eleventh-hour skittishness Of the
administration over the proposed Inter
state-Federal Compact for the Delaware
River Basin.
AS submitted to Congress for rati-
f1cation, the compact calls for the
Government to be full partner with
the States in the control and develop
ment of the Delaware. This formula
has come to fruition only after years
of effort. Until recently, the States had
every reason to expect that the admins
tration would welcome participation,
both to end the conflicts over water
resources in the Delaware region and
to share in the formation OF pioneer
ing new form of governmental
machinery.
Now, however, Secretary of the
Interior Udall, speaking for the admins
tration, suggests that the States go 1t
alone The Federal position, at least as
1T thus far has been enunciated, Is that
by participating In the compact the
Federal Government might forfeit some
Of its powers to regulate water re-
sources, that in fact this might even be
Unconstitutional, that it might serve
as precedent in other river basins and
that, in any event, 1t departs from
established procedures.
The cautious conservatism of these
arguments, as Mr.. Udall must be
aware, is hardly in the spirit of the New
Frontier. Certainly it is true that a
compact Of this type has not been
applied in the past. But most of the
previous compacts for water develop
ment have been in the West, where the
problem and needs are wholly different
from the intensely populated urban
areas Of the East Coast. The major
reason the States want Federal partici-
patton in the compact is so It's members
Evening star., 1961-04-29
Frank R. JeHeff

The death at 80 of Frank r. Jelleff,
after more than half century Of ex-
emplary business and civic activity In
Washington, is distinct loss to the
city of his adoption and to the Metro
politan Area in general His many
contributions of time, energy and money
to the betterment Of the area earned
him the respect, gratitude and affection
Of the whole community.
A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, Mr..
Jelleff showed his faith in this city and
its future by starting in business in
small shop on F street at time when
the south side of that now-thriving
business thoroughfare was considered
the wrong side" In the years to follow
he built store that was to give that
side Of F street the prestige needed to
compete on even terms with business
on the other side. Indeed, Jelleff'S was
to outgrow F street and expand into
the suburbs, with several branches in
nearby Maryland and Virginia.
Although his developing business
responsibilities claimed much of his
attention, Mr.. Jelleff found time to
engage in charitable and civic enter
prises Of many kinds. He took special
interest in character building work for
boys and played a leading part in
organizing the Boys Clubs of Washing
ton. He also became a prime mover in
the Community Chest, in the parole
system, the National Symphony and
other organizations and activities too
numerous to relate here.
For his tireless devotion to these
causes he was honored with many
citations and awards. No tribute which
came to him gave him greater satisfac-
tion, however, than the naming of the
Georgetown Branch of the Boys Club
in his honor But even without this,
his name will be long remembered and
revered In Washington.
Evening star., 1961-04-29
Family Man

The goals of the Planned
Parenthood Association (Star,
April 12) are now beginning
to make sense. The old idea
so prevalent in this country
that having children is an
inherent right Of human
beings certainly does need
revision. I have long argued
that people should stop hav-
ing children: that way the
worlds problems would surely
be solved. Furthermore, who
in their right mind could pre-
fer a child over a more i'm
portant item such as a deep
freeze or a new car?
AS a father who would
rather hear II love you
daddy" than the smooth purr
of a new car, L am willing to
assume at least partial re-
sponsibility for the mess my
family has placed the world
in.
David e. Jones
Evening star., 1961-04-29

Q. What ever happened to
M arshal Friedrich Won
Paulus who commanded the
German forces at the Battle
of Stalingrad in World War
u?-C. T.
A. He died in February
1857 in East Germany.
@. What is the difference
between grand, light and
comic opera?-L. v.
A. Comic opera" is q gen.
eral term used for any
muSico dramatic work Of
an amusing nature. 1t Is not
the English equivalent Of the
French opera comique,"
which includes works into
which seriousness and even
tragedy may enter. Light
opera is a term often en-
ployed for works in which
sentiment counts for more
than high spirits, although
the latter may be present.
Grand opera" Is an opera
with continuous music, and
OF a serious nature.
Evening star., 1961-04-29
Monroe Doctrine VS.. Inter American Treaties

With the failure Of the re-
cent invasion attempt against
the Castro government the
American public is being
treated to quite a show on
the part Of the Kennedy ad-
ministration to cover up what
must surely be recognized as
a grave mistake in American
foreign policy. To those who
doubt that the United States
is guilty Of imprudent action
in supporting, both informa-
tion-wise and materially, the
forces of the Cuban exiles
let them look at two docu-
ments which the United
States Government has rati-
fled and which are two of the
most important stones in the
structure of inter- American
solidarity and cooperation.
The first of these is the
so-called Treaty of Monte
video, signed 10 months after
FDR took office to begin his
first administration. OF spe-
cial interest and application
to the present situation is
Article 3 of the Convention
on Rights and Responsible
ties Of States. It's exact word
ing as translated from the
Spanish text is as follows:
THE political existence of
the state is independent of
its recognition by the other
states. Even before being rec
ognized, the state has the
right to defend it's integrity
and independence, provide
for its conservation and
prosperity, and to organize
Evening star., 1961-04-29
Reality and Sukorno

If words may be taken at face
value, President Sukarno of Indonesia
is not letting his "neutralism" blind
him to certain hard facts. And not
the least of these facts is that "im-
perialiSm" is now being practiced by
the Sino-Soviet bloc with ruthleSSneSS
that threatens to make Western
"colonialiSm" seem mild, generous and
altogether progressive by comparison.
At any rate, in the joint communique
summing up the informal talks he and
President Kennedy have Just held here,
DR.. Sukarno has affirmed that he and
his government are in full agreement
with the United States on a number Of
key propositions. These include not
merely measures designed to promote
mutually beneficial American -Indo-
neSian cooperation in economic and
other fields, but also a common view
point toward vital problems bearing
upon the future well-being of the world
at large, East and West
Thus, for one thing, DR.. Sukarno
has joined President Kennedy in warning
that the new nations of Asia and Africa
must be alert to any attempts to sub
vert their cherished freedom by means
OF imperialism in all its manifestations"
This is statement that leaves little
room for doubt that IndoneSia'S leader
is we'll aware Of the grim reality that
the MoScowPeiping axis is actively
seeking to Subvert, conquer and absorb
every country within range of Sino-
Soviet power. And in that connection.
significantly enough, he has aligned
himself with our government in
declaring as follows: Both Presidents
strongly and unreServedly support the
goal of neutral and independent Laos"
Needless to say. in view of the Sino-
Soviet record to date, there is more
than a little reason to fear that the
achievement Of such a goal will be
difficult in the extreme. Nevertheless,
according to some of our most know
ledgeable students Of the situation, it
is a goal that may well be reached If
IndoneSia and other nations in that part
Of the world make clear to all parties
concerned-Specifcally in connection
with the projected 14-nation conference
on LaoS-that they demand true inde-
pendence and neutrality for the Laotian
people along the lines prevailing in
Austria
To be sure, in view Of what seems
to be relentless Sino-Soviet drive to
seek global domination at all costs, DR..
SukarnoS views on this situation may
be naive. Still, even though he has
beclouded everything by reasSerting his
dubious claim to the primitive land of
Dutch West New Guinea, he has taken,
for him, firm stand against Communist
imperialism. To that extent, certainly,
he merits the free worlds commendation
as a leader whose position in this
respect can help to stem the Red tide in
Southeast Asia.
Evening star., 1961-04-29

itself as it believes best, legis-
late on its interests, admins
ter its services and determine
the jurisdiction and compe-
tence of its tribunals"
Article 5 of the same con-
vention states that these
fundamental rights are not
liable to any manner of
change while Article IL states
that THE territory of the
states may not be the object
of military occupations or of
other means of force imposed
by another state, either di-
rectly or indirectly, for any
reason"
To those who would liken
President Kennedy to the
late FDR, let them compare
Mr.. Kennedy'S recent speech
on Cuba with the message Of
the United States delegation
to the Montevideo Confer
ence, part of which l quote:
I'VE believe that we can
safely say that with our sup
port Of the general principle
of on-intervention no
government need have fears
of a United States interven-
ton during the administra-
ton of President Roosevelt"
The second document to
which I would refer is the
Charter of the Organization
of American States signed in
Bogota. Colombia on April
30, 1948, or more specifically
to the 18th article which
states that;
Each state has the right
to freely develop its cultural,
political. and economic life,
Evening star., 1961-04-29

Blue, red mean nothing.
They are just undiScrimi-
mated light.
1t has been impossible, Of
course. to test all animals.
But the major ones. outside
Of men and monkeys, show
no electrical evidence of color
sensations. They have no dis
tinct red. green, blue or yel-
low retinal cells.
Fish Color Conscious
Many lower creatures,
however. have color vision.
1t apparently is we'll devel-
oped among many fish and
in some birds and insects.
The eye. after all, is a very
conservative organ, Capt.
Wagner points out.
This doesn't mean, he
explains, that other high
creatures have defective vi
sion. Both cat and dog, for
example, have very acute
vision-perhapS better than
man. But they are influenced
by things other than color
brightness. form, etc. It Is
all, however. black and white.
Man naturally assumes that
where he sees green, a cat
or dog sees green also. The
animals can be conditioned
to green signals. But, Capt.
Wagner says, this is probably
due to some such attribute
as brightness, not to the
color.
The Navy workers face q
longtime job of getting at
the basis of the whole mech
aniSm of color vision.
Evening star., 1961-04-29

respecting at the same time
the principles of universal
morality and Of human
rights"
Those who would justify
intervention by the United
States on the last sentence
of Article 13 should realize
that the life of the vast maj
ority Of the Cuban peasantry
is no worse, and possibly a
little better than under the
U. S.-supported regime of
Batista.
Articles Is, l6 and II spe-
officially forbid intervention,
direct or indirect in the in
ternal or external affairs of
a state, declare illegal the
application of coercive means
OF polltlcal or economic char
acters. and state that the
territory Of a state is in
violate. Article 19 provides
for collective action as the
only means of interference
with a state.
These two treaties, the one
signed in Bogota and the
other in Montevideo, have
never been denounced in
whole or in part by the
United States and conse-
quently must be respected
by the United States Gov
ernment if this country is to
remain the land to which
the world can look as the
supporter Of such basic prin-
ciples as self determination,
liberty. and justice for all
men and for all nations.
Diego Aguila de MOnteverde.
Evening star., 1961-04-29
CIACutbock

Joseph Young's timely
story on the GAS early re-
tirement policy, reported in
the Federal Spotlight, could
stand some comments by
this former employe.
CIA is pushing out it's
older people. These are the
people who responded to the
CIA call in 1946-48 when the
cold war build-up attracted
many who wanted to serve
in the fight against aggres-
sive communism. Many Of
the mature employees who
jumped in to help at that
time are now being pressured
into getting out with made
quate retirement income.
These individuals have two
distinct disadvantages to
overcome when forced out, in
addition to the age factor;
first, there is little market
on the outside for intelli-
gence work; second, connec-
ton with CIA in the past
eliminates them from many
jobs where it could be sus-
pected that they we're still
connected with the agency.
These employees do not
have the protection afforded
other civil servants and CIA
is simply exercising its legal
exemption from civil service
regulations to reduce its
staff. The contention that
this is done to maintain
youth and vigor" is a fic-
ton. There are many. many
jobs in CIA where expert
ence, judgment and season.
ing are far more important
than youth and vigor. Fur
thermore, this policy runs
counter to the preachmentS
of the Federal Government
on greater use of older
people.
What 1 believe happened is
that CIA unwisely over-re-
cruited and is now correct
ing this error at the expense
of older people so that it can
fit neatly into it's new site
at Langley. These CIA en-
ployes should be given some
recompense for the fate they
are suffering. This may be
unfair, but l suspect that If
there had been a little less
youth and vigor" in the re-
cent Cuban fiasco and the
moderating effect of longer
heads, we might have come
off better.
Ex CIA-er.