davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-22
DEAR ABBY
BY ABIGAIL VAN BUREN,

a lot-I'd rather do it myself
these amt my PLASTIC
dishes, you know"
Abby, I felt like two cents.
Maybe my dishes aren't as
good as hers, but I can GER
tainly carry dishes from the
table to the sink without
breaking them. I just stood
there, red in the face. and
didn't say a word. What
should I have done?
HURT
You did exactly what you
should have dOne-minus the
red face. The embarrassment
you felt should have been for
HER, not yourself.
distributed by McNaught Syndicate.
Inc.)
"Whdt'S your problem?"
For a personal replGy from
Abby, send q Selt-1ddreSSed,
stamped enUelope to ABBY,
in care of The EUening Star.
Who pays for tDhGt? For
Abby's pamphlet, "HotD to
HdUe a Lovely Wedding" "
send SOC to ABBY, Boz 1865,
Beverly Hills, Calf.
Evening star., 1961-03-22

q little or playing a few holes
of golf. I'm against the belief
that too much of the rocking
chair will kill people over 10.
Contrarily, I hold that relax
alton is more conducive to a
long life than exercises you
intensely dislike.
y y y =
For Mrs. E.: If your huS-,
band is afraid of accepting
the vice presidency of his
company, don't try to talk
him into it. He may be hap
pier just where he is.
Some men can't take added
responsibility without in
viting a nervous breakdown.
/ HAVE BEEN receiving
many letters from all parts
of the country saying that
Socialized medicine is on the
way. Many people are dis
gruntled because Of what
they consider large bills:
others because Of certain at
titudes which they think doc
tors should not have toward
patients.
Since these letters are
frank expressions Of peoples
beliefs, I think they should
be brought out in the open.
1t is better to apply healing
balm to a sore than allow it
to tester unattended.
= =
1t is true that some people
can't take aspirin. They may
get allergic reaction or even
complain of bleeding from
the stomach. For most of us,
however, this drug is a
blessing. AS a doctor, I say,
many thanks for aspirin"
released by the Bell Syndicate)
Evening star., 1961-05-14

most Americans. OF the SAB bill
lion of private United States in
vestment abroad. S5.s billion, or
35 per cent OF the total, is in
Canada Much is said these days
about the size of our private in
vestment in the 20 nations Of
Latin America. Yet our private
investments in Canada alone are
far greater than in all Of Latin
America combined.
Specifically, of Canada's total
manufacturing industry, So per
cent is foreign owned, and 81 per
cent is foreign controlled. In
petroleum and natural gas, the
percentages for the industry as 3
whole are 81 per cent foreign
owned and 80 per cent foreign
controlled. In mining and smelt-
ing, 56 per cent is foreign-owned
Evening star., 1961-05-14

ian Foreign Secretary Lester
Pearson, who was always acute on
United States Canada relations.
President Kennedy, who follows
the precedents set by Presidents
Roosevelt, Truman and Eisen-
hover in visiting Ottawa, will fol-
low his predecessors also to the
head Of the table in the Commons
chamber to address a special Joint
sitting of the Senate and the Com
mons. 1t will be the climax of his
visit, and his words and image
carried on the national radio and
TV network will give Mr.. Kennedy
an unparalleled opportunity to
WOO the confidence of Canadians
in his leadership of the free world
"a confidence that has been
shaken by Cuba, and by the world
tension that his leadership thus
far has not eased.
Evening star., 1961-05-14
BY BERNARD POIRIER
Hn1krfhutfnR WritAg

An unusual story Of rocket and
space research is unfolding in
Canada. In fact. news Of i'm
portant, sometimes unique strides
undertaken by other nations with
an eye on space is often swept
aside by headlines Of Russian and
American exploits.
Only a few Americans have
known that a Canadian satellite
will orbit the earth in early 1862.
While giving their "longlegged"
satellite polishing touches, Ca
nadianS are using their own rock
cts to probe 800 miles into space.
These launchings are made from
O North American site which has
emblazoned its mark on history
for 300 years. Their rocket.
known as Black Brant, is launched
from Fort Churchill along the
Manitoba shore of Hudson Bay.
Nearby are the ruins of historic
Prince Of Wales Fort. a landmark
Of the frontier Hudson Bay Co.
era. Canada now penetrates the
frontiers Of space from the same
area where legends Of adventurous
fur trading spring In 1861.
Third in Space Club
When the United States Ma
tional Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration launches the Cana
dian satellite into near polar orbit
from Vandenberg Air Force Base.
Calf, the event will introduce a
third country as member Of the
Space Club, whose membership is
dominated by two countries but
sought by many.
The satellite, unique in design,
is Canadian built and, to say the
least, the object Of considerable
Canadian pride. 1t will have the
longest antennas ever installed on
an orbiting object-over rs feet
long.
The antennaS are coiled within
the satellite and will be extended
mechanically and automatically
like a carpenters measuring tape
once out of the earth's atmosphere.
NASA is expected to test the
Evening star., 1961-05-14

without sacrificing the material
assistance it wants from the
United States?
Part of the explanation of Can
ada's problem is that weak ma
tions can seldom dictate their own
economic course. In the early days
of World War II, when Canada
was a combatant and the United
States technically at peace, its
war needs were so desperate that
it could do little bargaining with
this or any other nation.
Substantially the same condi-
tionS prevailed throughout the
war. Once peace was assured and
postwar adjustments were in
order, Canada, fearful of de-
preston. opened its doors still
wider to outside investors on
almost any terms those investors
might impose.
AS fresh capital poured in, a
taste for luxury became an al
most Unsuitable appetite. What few
restraints existed on foreign in
vestments were ignored or by
passed.
Risk Capitol
Meanwhile, many Canadians re-
fused to risk their own capital in
their own country. Rather than
chance their money on domestic
development projects or in the
exploration of natural resources,
they salted it away in safe
securities.
In more recent years, as foreign
investments continued to grow in
scope and volume, a political
phenomenon not at all unique in
Canada came into play.
In the United States wherever a
domestic corporation or union be-
comes too powerful, or violates
any law, the Federal Government
or any State government cracks
down.
Theoretically, the Canadian
Parliament has the same power
over any company or group within
its borders. But psychologically, it
would be a risky business if the
Canadian government were to rein
in sharply any subsidiary of an
American corporation or the local
Of any American international
union.
Were such an action justified,
and If Canada were to take it,
doubtlessly it would be interpre-
ted in many quarters here as an
anti-Amercian, not as an anti
organization move.
1t Is mainly for this reason that
Parliament has hesitated to enact
any legislation seriously impeding
American subsidiaries or the ex-
panSion of other American inter-
eSts. No one in Canada would well
come the accusation of CastroiSm.
For none Of these basic faults
can America be blamed. 1t is only
natural that our industrial pio-
neers, willing to risk their capital.
should expect and receive good
profits from their ventures. SINH
larly. if America must assume the
lions share of the cost Of hemi-
spheric defense, 1t can reason
ably exercise the larger voice in
the deployment Of those defenses.
Continuing Development
Yet within the framework OF
existing Canadian-American rela-
tons ways exist for Canada to
generate from within the forces
it must have for its continuing
development.
Evening star., 1961-05-14

and So per cent Is foreign-con-
trolled.
This list could go on intermina-
bly,. and virtually unchanged. But
James E. Coyne, governor of Can
ada's government-owned Bank Of
Canada, sums it up succinctly.
Our economy" says Mr.. Coyne,
"is a branch plant economy"
Resentment Over Unions
No less invasion than Ameri-
can capital has been American
unionism. The United Steel
Workers, the AFL-CIO Electrical
Workers and the Teamsters. to
mention only a few. have their
Canadian locals, each subject to
the will and whim Of an Amer
lean hierarchy. Doubtless. trade
and craft union techniQues i'm
Evening star., 1961-05-14
Canada Ready for Satellite Try Next Year

It was then the United States
Army decided to establish an
office at the Valcartier. Quebec
site of the Canadian Armament
Research and Development Estab-
lishment (CARDE) to test nose
cone re-entry designs and to
coordinate other mutually bene-
ficial studies.
CARDE is the agency respon-
sible for designing Canada'S ad-
vanced solid fuel Black Brant
rocket which is helping to solve
electronic mysteries of the iono-
sphere.
To find a suitable testing area,
both accessible but remote from
Evening star., 1961-05-14

populated areas. Canadian scien-
fists chose Fort Churchill in
Manitoba. This remote area was
first opened by two coureurs-de-
bois, RadisSon and Chouart des
Groseiliers. whose canoe-loads of
furs worth a kings ransom
sparked the Hudson Bay Com
pany'S growth through the ia
nous Prince Rupert land grant by
England'S Charles II.
Modern history finds itself af-
fected by the same climatic con-
ditions faced by early tradesmen
of the company. Practically all
Black Brant rockets are fired in
warmer months when scientists
Evening star., 1961-05-14
BY GERALD WARING
Contributing Writer

OTTAWA.-President and Mrs.
Kennedy will arrive here at 4:35
o'clock Tuesday afternoon and
depart II hours and Is minutes
later-a time which is to be used
to further cement the better
relations with Canada that have
been a product Of the Kennedy
administration.
1t will be the Presidents first
journey outside the United States
since he took office. 1t is flattering
to Canadians that Mr.. Kennedy
accepted Prime Minister John
Diefenbaker's invitation to visit
Ottawa first, and less than four
months after his Inauguration. 1t
is also indicative. Canadians hope.
Of serious consideration by the
administration of Canadian views
on many issues Of mutual or
conflicting interest.
The President and the Prime
Minister have scheduled two and
a half hours for private talks,
with the worlds major trouble
spots-Cuba, Laos and the Congo
undoubtedly figuring promi-
nently in their discussions.
During the abortive invasion
Of Cuba, Mr.. Diefenbaker swung
Canada strongly behind the United
States by denouncing the Castro
regime as a threat to hemisphere
peace. While other Canadians,
notably newspaper editors and
Liberal and Socialist politicians,
have been sharply critical of Mr..
Kennedy over the Cuban fiasco,
Mr.. Diefenbaker has kept such
feelings to himself. However, the
government here has made no
secret of its belief that the United
States should not intervene uni
iaterally in Cuba, and Mr.. Diefen-
baker is likely to commend the
President on the basis Of evidence
Evening star., 1961-05-14
Kennedy Is Awaited
With Eogerness

that the administration also has
arrived at this conclusion.
Since the two leaders met in
Washington on February 20, some
concern has developed in Canada
over the implications for this
country, If any, in the Presidents
recent statement indicating that
the United States would intervene
4if the nations of this hemisphere
should fail to meet their commit
ments against outside Communist
penetration"
Intervention Question
The government here has told
Parliament that it believes Mr..
Kennedy was not thinking Of
Canada when he made the state
ment, but Mr.. Diefenbaker is likely
to seek firm assurance from Mr..
Kennedy on this point.
In addition to Laos and the
Congo where Canadian troops and
diplomats are carrying out special
responsibilities for establishing
and maintaining peace, the prob
lem of Red China is likely to be
to the fore. Canadian trade with
the Peking regime is increasing
rapidly. Canadian grain sales to
China by the end Of 1868 appear
likely to exceed $425 millions, and
the Canadian government has
invited Peking to send a trade
mission to Canada in hope of
increasing trade in other COM
modities. Whether Canada will
continue to follow the American
example in refusing diplomatic
recognition to Peking in these cir
cumstances is a question that Mr..
Kennedy and Mr.. Diefenbaker
can scarcely ignore in their talks.
A Joint Session
President Kennedy has placed
confidence in the international
appraisalS made by former Canad-
Evening star., 1961-05-14

But the point Of origin for
change must be in Canada.
For example, no understanding
American would object too strenu-
ously if Canada were to impose
limits on the size of foreign in
veStments it would accept each
year. Indeed, in light of our per-
SiStent concern over the outflow
of our gold, we would very prob
ably welcome such a proposal.
AS for Softening the impact Of
American communication systems
on it's culture, there is nothing to
prevent Canada from restricting
right now the import of news
papers, books, magazines, radio
and TV programs. For while
culturally hungry Canadians might
find the domestic fare sparse.
But if the hunger is real - and
there is no reason to believe other
wise-Canada will find ways to
satisfy it.
To Canadian complaints that
Americans are indifferent or too
casual the answer lies largely in
a healthier, stronger Canadian
communications system. Ideas
run in all directions. If Canada
wishes to excite Americans, to
stimulate our interest in them, and
to whet our appetites for things
Canadian, then it must set about
reversing the very communica-
tionS process which now offendS
them by it's imbalance.
American industrialistS can
erase much of the stigma of alb
sentee ownership by using some
of the techniques Of the subsidiary
management they have found so
profitable elsewhere in the world.
Subsidiary Management
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey,
for example, credits the successful
operation of it's subsidiary in Car
tagena. Colombia. primarily to
the fact that Colombians staff
and manage it's $40 million South
American plant. TWA has per-
formed the same kind of miracle"
in Ethiopia, as has Sears Roebuck
in Mexico and Bell & Howell in
Japan.
Moreover, with new and wider
investment opportunities spring.
ing up in India, Asia and Africa,
the time may be ripe for a partial
and voluntary diveStiture of some
American holdings in Canada.
American corporations could find
no better showcase for their good
intentions than to limit voluntar-
lily their holdings in Canadian.
subsidiaries to 49 per cent or less.
But whatever develops directly
or indirectly as a result of Presi-
dent Kennedy's earlier pledge to
respect the sovereignty of Canada,
the current debate will rage and.
grow more intense until the tide
has turned visibly. Much of what
will be said will be acrimonious,
and will offend Americans when
it spills across the border.
But rather than bride, Amer
leans will be better served if they
regard the rumblings in the attic
OF the continent as merely symp-
tomato Of a house being put in
order. Self determination. more
often than not. is a rambunctious
tenant to accommodate at first
Canadians are at least entitled
to all the strains and stresses
and whatever initial remodeling-
their house of the future may
require.
Evening star., 1961-05-14

ported from America have bet
tered the lot of Canadian work.
erS. But 1t is still a CALLING thing
to have to take orders from q
superior who is a foreigner. Or as
several Ontario teamsterS re-
marked, why do we have to quit
work because Jimmy Hoffa calls
a strike in California;"
Perhaps more disturbing to
Canadians than their economic
dominance by America has been
the saturation of their public
opinion. and even their educa-
tional system, by the American
communications industry.
For years Canadians have been
reading more American maga-
zines than their own. Today four
out Of five magazine titles on
newsStands in Canada are nom
Evening star., 1961-05-14

Canadian. For every Canadian
magazine sold last year in the
provinces, three American maga-
zines we're sold.
Even the government-oWn
Canadian Broadcasting Corpora
ton has been easy prey to seduc-
tions from the south. More than
half of its programs good and
bad are American. Trade and
text books, for the most part, are
American-written and manufac-
tured-and printed on paper
made from American-owned Ca
madam wood pulp. Every major
Canadian newspaper uses at least
one American wire service. None
is without at least two American
columnistS-
Late last year the flood tide Of
American words reached such
heavy proportions that a Royal
Commission on Publications was
set up. Its aim is to halt the
muting of native voices and to
establish new rules of competition
to save indigenous publications
from almost total extinction.
To a lesser degree, but in a
most vital area-hemiSpheric de-
fense-the role of subordinate
rankles many. Complainants see
portions Of their homeland as the
front line of defense against pos
sible Russian or Chinese invasions
from the north. They make po-
litical capital Of the fact that
in the northern defense belt, the
United States military command
is more sovereign than the Cana
dian government itself.
Defense Cooperation
Canada and the United States
have set enviable patterns in de-
fense cooperation through their
Permanent Joint Defense Commit
tee. This has brought about the
Distant Early Warning DEW)
line Of radar installation and the
North American Defense Com
mand CNORADO. Apart from
this. Canada, an original member
Of the Atlantic Alliance, has ear
marked some SO warshipS for the
defense of coastal waters, IL
squadronS Of the Royal Canadian
Air Force and infantry brigade
group, all under the supreme
allied commander of NATO. Since
1850 Canada has also provided
its NATO allies with more than
SIS billion in military assistance,
and has given more than 81
billion in economic aid to under
developed nations under Article
II Of the NATO agreement.
Despite obvious successes in
military defense, a growing fac
ton Of Canadian neutralistS per-
sist in portraying Canada's secon-
dairy position as proof of it's sub
servience to this Nation.
Younger members Of the Liberal
Party and of the Cooperative
Commonwealth Federation lit
conforms generally to the British
Labor Party are in a sense surf
boarding" on the more legitimate
wave of Canadian nationaliSm.
And in this posture their demand
that Canada withdraw from NATO
and NORAD has gained an audi
ence 1t would not otherwise have.
Accepting this rising tide of
anti-Americanism in its true light.
it is fair to ask. How did Canada
get itself into this fix. and how
does it hope to get the parity of
hemispheric citizenship it wants,
Evening star., 1961-05-14

revolutionary principle in the nose
cone of an American Javelin
rocket from Wallop's Island.
Va. next month. elimination Of
the Canadian -NASA experiment,
called Top-Side Sounder, will
represent high plateau in
NASA's International Program Of
Cooperation in AStronauticS.
Cooperation With U. S.
For the Canadians. the expert
ment exemplifies a record of close
cooperation with the United
States In ballistic rocket studies
since the early Sputnik I days
of 1857.
Evening star., 1961-05-14

can properly handle the 2S-foot
rockets on the exposed underslung
launcher at Fort Churchill.
Current plans are for new two
stage rockets to be fired shortly
after the Canadian-NASA space
project. The new rockets will
penetrate Space up to 600 miles
carrying heavy instrumented pay
loads to sample causes of radio
blackoutS.
In High Lotitudes
Both the United States and
Canada hope to solve the riddle
of space phenomena in Nigh lati-
tudes near the Arctic, particularly
during the freakish Aurora
Borealis Northern Lights.
With blue chip membership in
the Space Club only months away,
Canada is liberal with praise for
NASA and close American Cooper
alton. They credit NASA with
formulating non-competitive
schedules to insure neither coun-
try duplicates efforts in space re-
search.
The first cooperative ventures
involved common defense. When
ballistic missile attacks became a
possibility, vast network Of Ca
madam United States Air Force
radar detection sites were spread
across our northern neighbor
along several parallels.
AS a partner in NORAD, North
American Air Defense, Canada
also established sites for United
States Air Force anti-aircraft
missiles. In the rocket age, Cana
da simply reaffirmed a long exist
ing defense posture.
In 1888, her Prime Minister said,
"Should the occasion ever arise,
enemy forces should not be able to
pursue their way either by land,
sea or air to the United States
across Canadian territory"
Satellite Proerom
Canada was the first, in early
1859, to formalize an intenation-
al satellite program with NASA.
Their satellite will perform an in
vestigation the United States
would otherwise have undertaken
itself. Thus this country benefits
from the savings of one satellites
cost.
When President Kennedy visits
Canada, he probably will note the
tremendous strides taken by Cana
da in both the defense and Scien-
tific fields. With a population only
1919 that of the United States,
and because Of the long friendship
between both countries, she will
be the third country into outer
space if the current NASA sched-
ule holds fast.
Both countries will benefit from
NASA'S program and Canadians
should reap a Sizeable measure of
international prestige and, as one
American observed, "It couldn't
happen to a nicer bunch Of fell
lows"
Evening star., 1961-05-14
BY JOHN GERRITY
Contributing Writer

, Beneath the warmth and cor
diality that will greet President
Kennedy as he addresses the Cana
dian Parliament next Wednesday
will run the strong undercurrent
of anxieties and fears many Cana
dians hold today for their neigh
bors to the south.
s Everywhere - from Newfound-
land to the Yukon territories -
editors, businessmen, politicians
and intellectuals, of the left, right
and center, are critical of what
they envisage as the cultural and
economic colonization of their
nation by the United States.
This apprehension is not
prompted by concern over some
fanciful territorial encroachment.
Nor do Canadians realistically fear
any overt international bullying
on the part of this Nation. No
people have better cause to trust
American justice and fairness than
do the Canadians.
Rather. the wellsprings Of worry
and alarm are complex and more
sophisticated. They reflect an
overriding concern that an expan-
Sive, effervescent and beneficent
United States, approximately fiji
teen times the size of its neighbor.
will ultimately absorb the Cana
dian identity into its own-and do
so with the nobleSt motivations.
First open warning Of the trend
toward undesirable homogeniza-
ton of Canadian and American
identities came early in 1850.
Lester B. Pearson, then Canadian
Secretary of State for External
Affairs, remarked that future
Canadian American relations
were not going to continue easy
and automatic"
Though most observers on this
side of the border have tended to
scott at Mr.. Pearson's warnings,
events of the past decade have
borne out the reasoning behind
his admonition.
Couse Of Friction
What precisely Mr.. Pearson had
In mind at the time was this:
Friction and clashes would not
arise because America and Cana
da were growing apart. On the
contrary, Mr.. Pearson felt the
affairs of both nations were be-
coming increasingly intermeshed.
so much so they were bound to
produce tensions not heretofore
experienced.
Mr.. Pearson moreover env1saged
a United States, heavily engrossed
in its emerging role as leader Of
the West, taking Canada more
and more for granted. He foresaw
emanating from this nation to
Canada a benevolent "old shoe"
indifference. But nonetheleSS, an
indifference.
How Mr.. Pearson's fears Of abb
sorption have gained substance Is
clearly apparent today.
American control Of Canadian
economic life is now so vast that
many Canadians genuinely fear
they arc verging on becoming
"just another banana republic"
Since 1855. for example. Canada
has been borrowing at the rate Of
about 81 billion year. Virtually
all of this money has come from
private or public sources In the
United States. Indeed. the size Of
the private American investment
"a Canada IL little realised BY