davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-14

TAIN our SJandard OF living. he
said this country could not
achieve full employment with
out encouraging international
trade.
Mr.. Gudeman and other
Commerce officials were the
last witnesses as a joint House
Senate economic subcommittee
brought to close two weeks of
hearings on the need for a
broader trade agreement law.
Tariff Talks
AS the hearings were ending
American officials were already
in Europe comforting with rep
resentatives of the European
Common Market to negotiate
whatever tariff adjustments
are still possible Under the
trade agreement law which eX-
pires next June.
The administration has con-
tended that the present law,
which requires separate agree
ments with each country en- a
product by product basis, is
not adequate to deal effective
ly with the Common Market.
The Common Market con-
sists of France, Italy, West
Germany, the Netherlands. Bel
GUM and Luxembourg. 1t may
be joined soon by the United
Kingdom.
The Common Market coun-
tries are gradually eliminating
internal trade barriers among
themselves while maintaining
an external tariff. AdminiStra-
tion officials fear this will de-
prive the United States of its
European exports unless Con-
gress authorizes the President
to negotiate tariff reductions
across the board with that
area.
After the hearing, Chairman
Boggs, Democrat of Louisiana,
was asked if he thought the
conferences now being held in
Evening star., 1961-12-14

Europe would have any effect
on the argument that the ad-
ministration needs a new law
in order to negotiate with the
European countries. He said
he presumed the effect of these
negotiations would depend on
what they accomplish.
Exports Stressed
. Mr.. Guedman testified that
without a reduction in the ex-
ternal tariffs imposed by the
Common Market some Amer
lean industries may have to
abandon that market or estab-
lish production facilities over
seas.
The Commerce official gave
figures showing that more than
half of tn ESQ billion of goods
the United States exported last
year went to Western Europe,
Canada and Japan. Exports
exceeded imports by about SIS
billion. and the Commerce Of
ficals pointed out that a large
part of the imports were items
not grown or produced in this
country.
Mr.. Gudeman was accom-
panied by Assistant Secretary
of Commerce J. N. Behrman.
Assistant Secretary Hickman
Price and General Counsel Ro-
bert Giles.
The Boggs subcommittee ex-
poets to file a report with the
House and Senate early in
January.
Evening star., 1961-12-14
Superior's Title

CHICAGO. - The five Great
Lakes form the worlds largest
inland waterways and hold half
the worlds fresh water. Lake
Superior is the largest, longest,
and deepest of them all; in
fact. it is the worlds largest
fresh-water lake.
Evening star., 1961-12-14
Gudemon Sees Disaster
If Tariff Plan Is Denied

Failure of Congress to give the President ample authority
to promote foreign trade through tariff adjustments would
disastrous for the American Undersecetary Of
merce Edward Gudeman testified toay.
Mr. Gudeman said I'VE cannot build around the so States
high wall and take OF growing population and
Evening star., 1961-12-20

visiting the families and giving
them food and gifts collected
for the project.
Sixth graders at James Mon
roe Elementary School, in Ar
lington, have restored old toys
and are donating them to the
WRC Doll House for ditribu-
ton to needy children. The rs
toys will be transported to the
Doll House on Monday by the
Crib Diaper Service.
Ten Washington churches are
cosponsoring an outdoor CAROL
sing Friday night at the inter-
section of Thirteenth and H
streets and New York avenue
NV. The program will begin
at 7 pm.
The Metropolitan Police
Boys Club will celebrate the
holiday Friday with parties at
two club locations. The 6 pm
parties will be at 1910 Third
street NV. Club No. q, and
at 816 Sixth street S.W. (Cluh
No. A..
The Boys Club band will vis-
it Washington hospitals. or
phanageS and charitable insti-
tutionS Monday christmas
Day. to play for those unable
to spend Christmas at home
Evening star., 1961-12-20
Indians Seized
By Portuguese

LISBON, Portugal, Dec. 20
(AP) The National Council of
Ministers stamped a seal of
approval last night on the gov
ernment decree ordering in
ternment of Indian nationals
and the freezing of Indian
property in Portuguese over
seas territories.
Reports reaching here said
thousands of Indians in Portu-
guese East Africa CMosambique)
and in Macao, on the south
coast of Red China, were being
hauled into camps without
incident.
Emergency reception and
medical posts were set up at
camps in Lourenco Marques,
capital of Mozambique, as mill
tary cars brought in Indian
men, women and children. Many
of the Indians are business
men, and their shops were
closed.
The government called this
a measure to prevent looting
Lusitania, the Portuguese news
agency, said many Portuguese
showed sympathy for the In
dians, many of whom have
lived in Mozambique many
years.
Press dispatches from Macao
said SIS Indians, most of them
businessmen and government
workers, were interned on
Green Island, separated from
Red China by a narrow creek.
Evening star., 1961-12-20
Judge Scans
Estate Claim
Of4 Women

District Court Judge George
L. Hart has before him what
may be a real Solomon,s choice:
Which one of four women-if
any-is entitled to the estate
of Clifton Busey.
Three of the women, Sue
Hagans Busey, Margaret Busey
and Vivian Powell Busey, claim
to be Clifton BuSey's widows.
The fourth woman. Estella M.
Busey, says she is the late Mr..
BuSey's mother.
Mr.. Busey died in December,
1860, at Mount Alto Hospital,
apparently leaving no will.
Soon after that. Margaret
Busey, who says she lived with
Clifton for 18 months before
his death, was appointed ad-
ministratriX of his estate, which
she claimed amounted only to
$4,000 in insurance with no
beneficiary named.
The three other women have
claimed that Margaret Busey
is not Clifton's widow. and all
disagree as to who is entitled
to the money.
Sue Hagans Busey claims she
had child by Clifton, born in
1948. Vivian Powell Busey
claims she lived with Clifton
from 1949 to 1858. Estella Busey
claims that none of the other
three women was Clifton's legal
wives and that therefore She
as the mother-is entitled to
the money.
Taking the stand yesterday
during the trial of the case,
Mrs. Estella Busey said Sue
Hagans Busey was merely her
sons girl friend at one time
and that Margaret Busey is
nothing more than a girl che
picked up off the street" be-
cause he wanted to help her.
Margaret Busey has claimed
in court papers that she and
Clifton owned a house and a
sports car together but Estella
Busey said Margaret has kept
all the papers that could
establish any proof of this
claim.
Evening star., 1961-12-20
CHRISTMAS EVENTS
Toy Dances to Aid
Alexandria Needy

The sophomore class of AL
exandria's George Washington
High School will sponsor TOY
dances" tomorrow and Friday
to help make Christmas mer-
rier for the areas underpriv-
ileged children.
An admission fee of at least
one toy in good condition will
be required for each person.
The toys will be turned over
by the students to needy area
children and to the Salvation
Army.
Other reminders that Christ
mas is just around the corner
are to be found in yule pro-
grams scheduled for the area.
Anacostia High School STU
dents. with~the help of the
Metropolitan Police Depart
ment, will distribute food to
needy families in the area be-
ginning at 2:30 pm. tomorrow.
The food, which has been
collected by students during
the last month, will be loaded
into police patrol wagons for
distribution.
Cub Scouts of Pack 256, Den
/. have prepared a Christmas
tree and presents to be given to
patients at Children's Hospital
this afternoon.
The Merrimac school will
present a Christmas pageant at
2 pm. tomorrow at the school.
4339 Bowen road Sc.
Organ Selections
The Old Dominion School of
Arlington will sponsor a pro-
gram tomorrow featuring
Christmas carols sung by nurs-
cry school and kindergarten
groups. The event will be at 8
pm. in the auditorium of the
Arlington Women Club. TOO
South Buchanan street.
Gary Prada, a 10-year-old
student at the Hillandale
School, in Silver Spring. will
play holiday selections on the
organ tomorrow and Friday be-
tween l and 2 pm. at the Amer
lean Security Bank, Fifteenth
and M streets and New York
avenue NV.
Employees of the City of Alex
andria will sponsor a carol sing
Friday in the foyer at the Mar
ket alley entrance of the new
City Hall annex. The program
will begin at 10 am.
The St. Vincent de Paul So
ciety, in cooperation with To-
cal high schools and colleges
is conducting a campaign to
assist 100 needy families.
Students at the schools are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06
Follows q Trend

paper with a pattern of con-
temporary velvet or brocade
signed with the mark of the
printer, Hugh Goes who lived
in York, England in the be-
ginning of the 18th century.
The French soon picked up
the knack of producing wall
coverings and proceeded to
elaborate with flock papers
invented around 1920.
At first, in this country,
wallpapers were imported
from England and France. In
1889, however. the first man.
ufactory for wallpaper in this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06

country was opened by Plum
ket Fleeson Of Philadelphia.
At the height Of the Vic
torian era, no parlor in Amer
lea was found without its
elaborate wallcovering.
When the over-decorated
Victorian look died out. the
pendulum swung to the OPP
posite look in wall coverings.
There was a great lack Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06
Purituns Began q Fad

It's safe to predict that
a hundred years from now
our descendants will demand
new Early American furniture
designs.
The style took foothold
with the first settler. Today
it is as firmly embedded in
American hearts as is Plym-
outh Rock in American
shores.
The Puritans didn't intend
to start something new in
furniture when they whacked
up the native trees. Their
plans were to initiate Tudor,
the poorman's furniture in
18th Century England.
Our devout forebears did
innovate a furniture style,
and it is still growing and
developing. Today's Early
American includes Chippen-
dale highboys and SPOOL
turned designs of the Vic
torian period. 1t offers cof-
fee and lamp tables I'M
known to the Pilgrims but
basic furniture today.
Same Family
Allied with early American
are two kindred styles, Georg-
ian and Federal.
Early American was the
country style of its day, made
out of homegrown woods by
hometown craftsmen. 1t was
informal in spirit and often
its only finish was the patina
of time.
Georgian furniture in its
era was known as modern. y
It belonged to the landed
people who could afford the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06

Trends in furniture designs.
draperies, upholstery fabrics
and carpets all have a direct
influence on wallpaper styles.
The return to formality in
today's furnishings signifies
a similar inclination in de-
signs and texture of the new
est wallcoveringS.
Wallpaper got its start in
an opulent era when brocades
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06

and velvets we're the eXclu-
stve decorating materials of
the priviledged palace dwell
erS.
The oldest block printed
wallpaper discovered, was
found in the entrance hall Of
Christ's College. Cambridge,
during restoration work there
about 1910.
1t was a black and white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06

finest English imports or
trained cabinetmskers toften
slaves who could initiate.
Georgian was the era OF
tire double curved Gabrielle
leg made of mahogany. De-
signers were proud of their
decorative details, and uphol-
stery was lavish. Finishes
were dark and rich.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06

good designs in the papers at
that time.
Today, wall coverings have
regained a prominent place
in the decorating picture.
Excellent designs, well
printed and beautifully styled
are available in hundreds of
patterns and varied textures
to brighten up the decorating
scene in homes both tradi-
tional or contemporary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-06
Can't Knock This

Give brass door knockers
several coats Of lacquer and
they will remain bright for a
long time. Apply lacquer
when the brass is clean and
dry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Senate Race and International Post
Among Jobs Urged for Ex-President

ton with the United Nations
would cement American sup
port for that storm-tossed
peace forum. That he might
overshadow Adlai Stevenson
there is of course a hazard
Republicans-and some DEM
ocrats-bear lightly.
The dilemma he faces is
that the two roles are mutual
ly exclusive. Should he choose
the elective task, the Presi-
dent can hardly be expected
to consider him a useful tool
on the international scene.
Gen. Eisenhower would real
ly like to shine again on the
high road. He cannot long
continue to echo the agrees
sive "appeasement" line be-
ing taken by Republican Ma
tional Chairman Miller,
Senator Goldwater and 9TH
ers.
That line today almost
amounts to an offensive,
not against what Mr.. Ken
nedy is doing, but against
what Republicans contend he
is thinking of doing. 1t has
deeply riled the normally
calm President who feels he
certainly does not deserve it
from Gen. Eisenhower who
when President had called
the Berlin situation abnormal
and who left him so many
unresolved problems.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Foreign Policy Is President's Field

committee people tends to
make them more anxious to
score points against the other
party than against Nikita
KhFushchev. Mr.. Khrushchev
isn't any part of their re-
sponsibihty. So when they
attempt to make him their
responsibility, they are in
the wrong job at the wrong
time for the wrong purposes.
The maintenance of a ra-
tional bipartisanship on for
eign affairs is difficult
enough in any case.
The Kennedy administra-
ton, for illustration, is be-
coming highly sensitive to
Republican criticism Of the
President on Cuba. on Laos
and now, to some extent, even
on Berlin. There is some
merit in this panied reac-
ton. but not too much.
For most Of the criticism
from responsible Republicans
Gen. Eisenhower. Mr.. Nix
on and so on-has been we'll
within the rules of the game.
(Those rules simply require
some sense Of responsibility
and some restraint not unduly
to rock the boat on foreign
crises which involve all
Americans and not merely
one partyD
And even such criticism as
has been outside the rules
has not been without exam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Waking Up the 'Non-AIigned

Their public expressions seem
to be directed toward winning
or retaining the good opinion
of Moscow. India. which has
received from the United
States nearly 50 billion in
economic and technical aid
and not a cent for military
helps a puzzle to the Amer
lean Government. Prime Min
lister Nehru every now and
then seems to succumb to the
influence of his trusted cab
met adviser, Krishna Menon,
a known admirer of the Com
munists and a confidant OF
Moscow. Mr.. Nehru, himself,
makes a good impression on
American officials who visit
him but puts his foot In it
from time to time with state
mentS that take the Commu-
mist side in East-West con-
troversies.
The conference at Belgrade
of the so-called "non-aligned"
nations was intended, of
course, to enhance the pres
tige of the neutral" bloc, but
it boomeranged. American
public opinion saw through
the transparent hypocrisy Of
a group of nations which had
all along been denouncing
atomic tests and then didn't
have the courage, in formal
resolution. to condemn the
Soviets for resuming such
tests at the very moment they
were meeting.
Now there's trouble with
Ghana, whose president shows
signs of trying to play the
East off against the West.
America had agreed to help
substantially in the big Volta
River dam project, the esti-
mated total cost of which is
S346 million. The American
Govcrnme en- t is, however,
having second thoughts, and
the Ghana government has
had the temerity to issue a
kind of ultimatum to the
effect that America must
make up its mind by October
IS what it will do on the
loan. This is hardly an
suspicious beginning for one
of the new African nations.
Ethiopia. incidentally. is sug-
costing that this bloc should
form a regional association.
That's a good idea. but most
important of all. the African
nations should first make up
their minds whether they
really favor Western forms OF
democracy or Communist
despotism.
(Copyright, 1861
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

the Democratic chairman of
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee, Senator William
Fulbright of Arkansas.
In summary, the problem is
this: There is no way to pre-
vent an elected or potential
elected official from having
his say, even if it may dam
age the country's interests.
But there is no reason what
ever TO extend this privilege
to people elected by nobody
and bearing no kind Of re-
sponsibility-the two national
political committees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Active Role for Eisenhower?

Here, again, events are
moving so rapidly that Mr..
Kennedy must eoolly make
up his own mind what Gen.
Eisenhower is worth to him
in domestic political terms.
Many Democrats think he
has already catered far too
much to the father figures
who manned the Eisenhower
regime.
Their view is that the
young President is only di-
minishing his own stature
without gaining effective po-
litical support. The price is
too high, they insist. and
they will resist their hard
earned store of political CAPT.
tai being spent on any more
such maneuvers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
Political Committees, Other Outsiders
Urged to Stoy Out of Berlin Crisis

York and Senator Barry
Goldwater of Arizona-would
quietly put their heads to-
gether.
Nobody would lose by such
a genial conspiracy among
Mr.. Kennedy. Mr.. Nixon, Gov.
Rockefeller and Senator Gold
water in restraint of loose
and nationally harmful talk.
And Observation-Disclosures the
country - would win. No
President and no man hop
ing to be President can safe
ly let a partisan political
committee seem to speak for
him in foreign policy.
National committees are
strictly propaganda mega
phones and bear no iota Of
responsibility for public pol
icy. Their stuff is loud, but
rarely good. And no national
committee is or can be really
informed in matters of this
sort. Any national commit
tee thus will inevitably utter
not only a good deal of nom
sense but often also nonsense
which may be as harmful to
its own party's presidential
aspirants as the other way
round.
Splendid citizens though
they are, the very nature of
the work of these national
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

The time has come for the
responsible leaders of both
parties to tell both national
political committees to get
out and stay out of foreign
policy, and particularly the
Berlin crisis.
They should be instructed
forthwith to confine their
partisan arguments to the
home scene. In all consci-
ence, there will be enough in
this area to argue about, for
the 1862 congressional cleo
tons and the 1864 presiden-
tial election.
There is good reason to be-
lieve that President Ken
nedy would be glad to call
off the Democratic National
Committee If he could have
assurance that the Republi-
can chieftains would call off
the Republican National
Committee. Because there
is no unchallenged single
COP head, as Mr.. Kennedy
is unchallenged head of the
Democrats, this would be a
bit more difficult for the
Republicans.
Still, it could be done If
the three outstanding 1864
COP presidential possibili-
ties - Richard Nixon. Gov.
Nelson Rockefeller of New
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
POTOMAC FEVER
BY FLETCHER KNEBEL

Commerce Secretary Hodges says the international
situation looks little better" For any particular side9
A cosmetics firm sponsoring TV series, says it killed
mad magician sawed girl in half It's rumored
the girl was wearing rival lipstck.
Ode to the United States Supreme which break
ing tradition 10 instead of "A dlar
dollar uridcal scholar. What makes you soon?
you at 10 o'clock and slave away till noon"
Espionage glossary: Combined intelligence estimate
More than guess.
The Army calls up 81 veterinarians With the expanded
Army lot more GIs are leading dogs life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
DAVID LAWRENCE

The so-called neutral"
governments are waking up.
They are finding out that the
people of the West aren't
happy over instances of OBJ
vious Immortality by this
same. bloc of nations. In
rebuttal, explanations now
are being offered in their be-
half. It is indicated, for
example, that the "neutralS"
know very we'll that the West
is right on such issues as
nuclear tests but the mon
aligned" nations, as they call
themselves now, fear Russia
more than they do the United
States. They claim they don't
want to offend Moscow.
But something is happen
ing inside this country which
should not be overlooked by
the "non-aligned." Ameri-
can public opinion is being
offended. Sentiment is
changing. Foreign aid" as
such had hard shedding in the
last session of Congress. 1t
will have an even more diff
ficult, time in the future.
Many members of Congress
believe it is in the national
interest for this country 10
use its funds primarily to
promote the security of the
United States.
The record shows that in
recent years a total of more
than SIS billion has been pro-
vided by the United States
to the "a so-called neutral"
nations in the form of eco
nomic and technical as we'll
as military aid. Money for
military purposes amounts 10
less than is per cent of the
total.
What.ha the United States
gotten out of all these funds?
What benefits can the Amer
lean taxpayers count up as a
result of this spending? The
answers usually give n are
vague. In a general way, it
has been money spent to
prevent a turn to the Soviet
Union and the Communist
bloc countries who operate
throughout the world in be-
half of Moscow.
The situation contains ele-
ments Of blackmail, and the
neutral" governments know
it. First they talked boldly
about refusing aid if there
were strings" attached. This
turned out to be difficult to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04
DORIS FLEESON

Decisions now being framed
by President Kennedy and
Soviet Premier Khrushchev
are the most momentous of
our time, but the hour is near
when an equally renowned
elder statesman must make
an important choice which
could be significant in the
political life of the Nation.
1t became clear during the
early months of his retire
ment that Dwight D. Eisen-
hover missed keenly the
great positions he so long
held with their vast preroga-
tives and the roar of the
crowds. He and Mrs. Essen
hover say frankly to their
friends that they are bored.
bored, bored with Gettys-
burg.
These friends have tossed
out various trial balloons in
their behalf. Some would put
the former President deeply
and frankly into partisan
politics. Others suggest an
international role which
would place him above poll
tics in the ordinary sense.
The former, for example,
believe he could easily de-
feat Senator Clark of Penn
sylvania, a liberal Democrat
who is up for reelection next
year. They tell him he would
not be expected to carry a
heavy work load in the Sem
ate and that it would give
him an ideal forum for his
views.
The latter have suggested
among other things that the
Kennedy administration pro-
pose him for Acting Secretary
General of the United Ma
tons. They argue that his
diplomatic talents and name
would be immensely helpful
there and that his identified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-04

pie. What some Democrats
notably Adlai E. Stevenson
said about the position Of the
United States when the Rus
slams shot down our spy
plane" was irresponsible and
impermissible. Mr.. Kennedy,
himself, as then a candidate
for President. was by no
means as restrained as he
would be If he had it all to
do over.
Moreover, some Of the most
damaging and ill-timed Of all
present criticism comes from
no Republican. 1t comes from