davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

MRS. CHERRIE MAE GAM
MAGE and her children have
returned to the city after
spending a while in Detroit
with their husband and father.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

MRS. MINNIE YOUNG is
down in Baton Rouge visiting
her daughter and a niece who
is ill.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

MT. ZION NO. / M. B. c.,
Rev. James A. Miller, pastor;
$50 Sunday School; Mr.. Henry
Brown, Supt. IL: Covenant
Service. 200 D. w. C. Meet
ing. 400 Busy Bee Bible Class.
Mrs. Annie Mae Crosby, In
structor. ZOO Wednesday Pray
er Meeting. Ladies Bible
Class. Mrs. Mamie Burton,
president. 7: Friday Senior
Choir Rehearsal.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

COFFEE HOUR - The Get
Acquainted Club will sponsor
a coffee hour at the Lewis
home 2509 Hannah Street, Sat
urday, January %, 1861 at 7::3O
P. Nj. benefit of polio.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21
Awarded Dimes Drive Scholarships

March of Dimes funds used train suI professional
health fields Above left to right 96061 school year scholar
ship winners: Charlotte Braney Holmes, Winston-Saem Me-
physical herapy student College of Medical Evangess John
Maee Houston Tex predocoral Fellow, Pennsylvania State
University and Julia Mae Walker Indianapolis Ind University of
Indiana medical social work student 1861 New March of Dimes
closes JAM 81 Give generously prevent Gripping diseases
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

The West Jasper County
Singing Convention will be
held at First Baptist Church,
Jan. 1929.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1961-01-21

THE FLAMINGO CLUB
will have a coffee hour at the
Walls home, Wednesday, Janu-
airy Is, 1861 at Ills Fayette
street. Benefit the polio. Time
7:30 p. M.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25
See a Gold Medallion Home
and you'll never settle for less

horne is joy live in all the years you own it, And,
the General Electric Monogram the appliances and
electrical equipment in your Gold Medallion Home is
your assurance Of quality and dependability.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25

Today, almost everyone afford Gold Medallion
Home with its four wonders of electrical living They
better living today and in the future too Fnanc
ing be simpler, resale value holds up, and your
Evening star., 1961-05-20
BY J. A. OTEARY
Star Staff Writer

Republican leaders were
highly optimistic today ovel
their chances of electing John
G. Tower next week as the first
G. o. P. Senator from Texas in
IS years.
They conferred with their
young Texas hopeful at the
Capitol yesterday, on his way
home from a visit with former
President Else wer at
Gettysburg.
Mr.. Tower, who is only 35
said Mr.. Eisenhower wished
him the best of luck and said
the party needs vigorous young
men as candidates.
Senate Republican Leader
Dirksen assured Mr.. Tower
that if elected every effort will
be made to give him major
committee assignments that
would benefit Texas. Senator
DirkSen expressed confidence
Mr.. Tower will win.
Texans will go to the polls
one week from today to pick a
Senate successor for Vice PreSi-
dent Johnson. Mr.. Tower, who
ran surprisingly we'll against
the Vice President in the Sen
ate race last November, is
pitted now against Senator
William A. Blakley, the Dem
ocrat appointed to the Senate
by Gov. Price Daniel when
Senator johnson resigned to
b ecome Vice President in
January.
Last November Mr.. Tower
Evening star., 1961-05-20

because the payload has in
creased"
Prof. Blagonravov said Maj.
Gagarin's space ship landed
at a slow speed without sub
stantial injuries" He did not
elaborate on this point.
The scientist added, how
ever, that "the experiment with
the manned flight required
mamimum reliability of equip
ment insuring the space ships
safe touchdown. Precisely for
this reason provisions were
made for the pilots catapult-
ing. This could be used already
in the lower layers of the at
mosphere."
Prof. Blagonravov said the
ll5-mile shot into space by
United States Astronaut Alan
B. Shepard, jr., May 5 was of
little value compared to Mai.
Gagarin's feat and was doubt
lessly meant largely as a SEN
sation."
Evening star., 1961-05-20
6. O. P. Is Optimistic
On Chances in 7 exos

polled $4,000 votes to 1.3 mil
lion for Mr.. Johnson. He told
reporters his chances of win
ming the special election next
week look so good it scares
us"
The Blakley-Tower contest is
a race between two conserva-
tives, who finished at the top
of long list of candidates in
the first election several weeks
ago. Since no one got a major
ity, a run-off was necessary.
The favorites of the liberal
Democrats we're eliminated in
the first election and one big
question mark now is what will
these liberals do on May 27.
Mr.. Tower says he believes
most of the liberal Democrats
and Negro voters will go fish
ing" instead of voting at all
next week.
Mr.. Tower said he was reared
a Democrat but that Harry
Truman made a Republican
out of me-" He said the Ken
nedy administration is much
like the Truman regime. The
G.. o. P. nominee was a politi-
cal science teacher before be-
coming active in politics.
Asked what is the basic diff
ference between himself and
Senator Blakley, since both are
conservatives, Mr.. Tower re-
piled. consistency" He said
Senator Blakley supported the
New Frontier last fall and
added that he has not been
able to figure out what con-
stitutes "a conservative New
Frontiersman."
Evening star., 1961-05-20
The Shortening u. S. Work Week

wash rooms, no cafeterias.
no coffee breaks, no first aid.
Eight Hour Clubs" were
formed in the 1860s and were
quickly denounced as So
cialistic. Many Of the new
immigrant workers were So
cialists from Europe and
their presence and advocacy
of the shorter week and of
better working conditions
lent substance to the at
tacks on the shorter work
week as being a radical in
novation introduced by
foreigners"
Samuel GomperS, who
was an able man, became
nationally known by labor
because he managed, in the
late '80s, to obtain an eight
hour day for cigar workers.
The 30-hour week pro-
posal is not new. Many un-
ions, including the AFL,
recommended it in the de-
preston depths of the 1930s
when about II million job
less we're in distress.
The Fair-Labor Stand
ards Act was passed by the
Congress in 1888. 1t estab-
lished minimum wages and
abolished child labor in the
making of goods for inter-
state commerce. The 40
hour week became the
standard. COnly a few Rus
sian industries are down to
a 40-hour week. Many work
48 and some so. The prom
Use is for 40 hours by next
year,
1t should not be overlooked
that it was government
which finally had to resolve
the problem. Organized la
Dor had an old fear of a
minimum wage. Gompers
had said, The minimum
tends to become the maxi
num-" Management opposed.
We should face the fact that
If voluntary procedures are
not enough in our time it
will again become necessary
for government to act.
Evening star., 1961-05-20
RAYBURN GETS
EVIDENCE OF HIS
FISHING PROWESS

House Speaker Rayburn
took away from the White
House yesterday pictorial
evidence that he is quite a
fisherman.
President Kennedy pre-
sented to Mr.. Rayburn a
picture Of the Speaker fish
ing off the sea wall at the
Kennedy villa in Palm
Beach, Fla, last December.
On the face Of the pic
ture we're these inscrip-
tions:
THE fish haven't got a
chance - Jacqueline Ken
nedy."
And neither has the
House Of Representatives
John Kennedy"
Displaying the picture to
newsmen, Mr.. Rayburn
boasted: When they hit
my hook they are candi-
dates for the frying PAN"
Evening star., 1961-05-20
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Kennedy and KhrushcheV will meet in June No negot-
ating. just kind of an international glare-down.
The Secret worried about the XXX Conference
in Vienna Khrushchev promised check his shoes at
the door.
One business executive worried about the proposed
$3O-aday expense account limit He's not what the
doorman will say when he checks Waldorf with his
lunch box.
American theme song for the Kennedy Khrushchev
meeting: Summit time and the livn' amt easy"
Democratic Senator Gore wants to fire the u s. military
chiefs Gen Lemnitzers expected reply And how many
divisions does Senator Gore have?"
Republicans dim of Kennedy's meeting with
Khrushchev Remembering Ikes experience they wonder
"U-2, Jack?"
Evening star., 1961-05-20

KARACHI, Pakistan, May 20
(AP) Crowds shouting Long
live Pakistan and long live the
United States" welcomed United
States Vice President johnson
today as he arrived for talks
with President Ayub Khan.
A fierce midday sun and
dust-laden wind off the Sind
Desert kept the crowd to the
smallest of any that have well
coined Mr.. johnson in the six
capitals he has visited in Asia.
Nevertheless, the Vice Presi-
dent quickly launched into an
airport speech declaring he had
brought President Kennedy'S
assurance of Americas unwav-
ering determination to stand
steadfast beside those who
stand so steadfastly against the
encroachments of free inde-
pendent peoples"
During the 10-mile drive
from the airport to Gen. Ayub
Khan's house, Mr.. johnson
made a number of his now IA
miliar forays into people-to-
people diplomacy.
Talks to Crowds
The torcade heavily
guarded by police and Pakistan
Navy security jeeps, halted
three or four times while Mr.
johnson talked to crowds lin
ing the streets.
At one point he spotted a
camel cart driver and told the
driver, II am on my way to
talk to your President but first
l want to meet some of his
people"
Mr.. johnson interviewed pas
sengers aboard a bus, held a
baby, laughed, shouted, joked
and soon had the crowds re-
spending to his friendly man
ner.
This reaction was not shared
by the Pakistan press. Several
editorials commented America
is a friend, but as an ally PAX
istan is not getting as much
attention as neutral India.
To dispel such doubts is one
Of Mr.. Johnson'S key objectives.
Pakistan is member of both
the Southeast Asia Treaty Or
ganization and Central Treaty
Organization. The big question
in United States minds is
whether Pakistan's economy
can stand any greater military
load. 1t is felt there must be
a strengthening of the econ
omy soon.
Election to Be Discussed
Mr.. johnson may discuss
privately with Gen. Ayub Khan
prospects for an election and
agreement to adopt a constitu-
ton for the country. This will
give Pakistans people a greater
stake in preserving their free
dom and integrity, the United
States contends.
Mr.. johnson said an i'm
portant gain Of his Asian tour
Evening star., 1961-05-20
Reds I ell of LAUNCHING
Rocket From Satellite

MOSCOW, May 20 (AP).-
Mstislav Keldysh, new presi-
dent Of the Soviet Academy OF
Sciences, said last night Rus
slams have applied a new prin-
ciple of space vehicle launch
ings: The start of a guided
cosmic rocket from aboard a
heavy artificial earth satel-
lite"
Mr.. Keldysh, so, a mathe-
matician chosen yesterday for
Russia's top science job, was
quoted by Tass as telling a
meeting Of the academy:
Such a method (of launch
ing has opened up a new
possibility for interplanetary
flights. In this case, there is
no longer any need to select
certain dates for flights to the
moon.
The possibility is opened up
Of launching heavier space We
hicles toward Venus and other
planets. The restrictions Gre
ated by the fact that not all
launching sites on earth are
equally favorable for the flight
are removed"
Mr.. Keldysh, awarded the
Order of Lenin in February
with special mention of his con-
tributions to aircraft design,
succeeded Alexander N. Mes
meyanov, who headed the
academy since 1851.
Tass said Mr.. Nesmeyanov
asked to be relieved for health
reasons and recommended Mr..
Keldysh.
The Soviet news agency said
another speaker at the academy
meeting. Prof. Antoli Blagon-
ravov, disclosed that the top
thrust of the rocket assembly
that hurled Yuri A. Gagarin's
space ship into orbit around
the earth April IL amounted
to several million horsepower.
Prof. Blagonravov hailed
"the growing power of Soviet
rockets which permitted the
carrying out of all the COM
lplex (space) research programs
Evening star., 1961-05-20
RALPH McGILL

1t is entirely possible that
the sons of men Who worked
six 10-hour days per week
will. in the years ahead, be
on the job for four eight
hour days.
The fight for jobs in to-
days industrial society is be-
coming an emotional, as we'll
as an economic, issue.
Walter Reuther's proposal
of a flexible work week is
perhaps the most construc-
tive one advanced in a time
when a reduction of hours to
spread available employment
is being urged by the mil
lions of jobless m en- and
women. Others have sug-
gested merely a shorter week.
Union leaders know that a
reduction of hours is not the
most desirable answer. In
creased production is what
the Nation most needs. Auto
nations purpose is to reduce
costs and incres Sc the out
put of goods. But labor
leadership in some industrial
areas cannot ignore the
pressure of membership if
business improves and there
is still no substantial decline
in the numbers out of work.
For the sake of our per-
spective, we must understand
that unless the economy can
provide normal employment
at 40 hours, tn en- shorter
hours to spread the work
will be an inevitable develop
ment in some of the mass
production industries.
The odd fact is that the
history of the work week is
not one of progressive, slow
change, but one of leaps. The
60-hour system persisted
until 1915 when Woodrow
Wilson supported legislation
establishing an eight-hour
day for railroad workers.
This act ended a long, dark
night for organized labor. In
Evening star., 1961-05-20
Reuther's Flexible Week Proposal
Called Most Constructive Offered

early May of 1885 the Or
ganized Trades and Labor
Unions sought an eight-hour
agreement. A strike in the
Mccormick plant at Chicago
brought on a riot.
Two days later a bomb
was exploded in a mass meet
ing held at the old Hay
market to protest police
brutality. Seven officers were
killed. Public opinion was so
strongly anti-labCr that the
drive for a shorter week,
which had begun a genera
ton before, was for years
abandoned. (There was, of
course, no machinery for COL
lective bargaining in 1886.
The 10-hour day was
hailed as a tremendous re-
form. 1t Grew out of the Civil
Wars stimulus to industry.
United States Revenue Com
missioner David Wells, who
was a distinguished eco
nomist of this time, noted
that in 1866 the inflated
wages were more than out
weighed by the even more
inflated costs. Ordinary
workmen of intelligence in
the larger cities were glad to
get 50 per day. Work began
at Z am. There was an hour
off for lunch. The day ended
at s pm.
In some few industries the
hours were a bit shorter. In
others longer. The drivers
of horse-cars and stages. for
example. worked 18 hours
per day. Hotel and livery
drivers were paid $l2 per
week for so hours.
The lot of women was
worse. Thousands Of them
toiled in the new war
spawned factories. In gen.
eral, they worked from 7:30
in the morning until 9 pm.
for the princely wage of S5
per week. There were no
Evening star., 1961-05-20

pointed" that she did not ride
an elephant.
Il did not see any elephants
nor even a camel" she told IN
dian government officials while
bidding farewell.
I'VE wish we had known
about it and would have ar
ranged elephant and camel
rides" an official said.
1T does not matter" Mrs.
Smith told him. Il am taking
elephant dolls to show my chill
dren. but if they ask whether
1 have ridden one, then trouble
arises"
Amidst general laughter Off
cials said, Please come again
with the children and we will
arrange all that"
Evening star., 1961-05-20
Crowds in Pokiston Cheer
Vice President and u. S.

is the knowledge South Asians
now have that the United
States is ready and determined
to work comparatively" in the
defense of freedom.
Mr.. Johnson flew here this
morning from India. Pakistan
is his last official stop on a
tour that began May 9. He
leaves for Washington tomor-
row via Athens, Rome and Ber-
YoIlda
Evening star., 1961-05-20
Puerto Ricun Leader
Fears Castro AGENTS

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico,
May 20 (AP) P).-Miguel Garcia
Mendez. President of the is
lands Republican Party, says
undercover Castro agents are
mixed in with Cuban exiles in
Puerto Rico.
These agents double by
their very nature" as agents
for Moscow, he said, in criti-
cizing Gov. Luis Munoz Marin
for a recent statement that
there are no Communists in
Puerto Rico. The Republican
leader said Communist agents
here are exploiting all the tools
of the democratic system, in
.cludina what he called the pro-
tective complacency" of Gov.
Munoz, to advance their goal.
Evening star., 1961-05-20
81 Americans Freed
By Castro Reach u. S.

Joseph x. Dumond; Mr.. anc
Mrs. Charles Kinsey of For
Pierce, Fla; Henry SAM Of
Miami and Wellington Swear.
ingen. retired farmer from
Mooreland, Ind.
Il came out with a small
Upper bag containing all the
possessions remaining to me
from a three bedroom apart
ment in Havana" Mr.. Milks
said.
Everything else, clothes, fur
niture. dishes and priced pos
sessions gathered in more thar
20 years as a foreign CORE
Spondent, were left in the hands
of Castro's militiamen."
Property Is Seized
Mrs. Phillips said she learned
only ten minutes before the
plane departed that she could
leave. She appeared exhausted
I'VE don't know what we
are going to do now" said the
Kinseys, who formerly lived al
Mullins, S. c. Their orange
grove in Camaguey Province
where they had lived for q
years, was appropriated.
Mr.. SAM, a stockbroker in
Havana, said he spent 10 days
in La Cabana Prison.
Il was released accidentally
I left with a bunch who went
out to make room for others
The CO didn't know who all
left. The next day they looked
for me again"
Swiss Ambassador Walter
Bossi and three other Swiss
Embassy officials escorted most
Of the Americans to the airport.
Mr.. Milks and several others
had been in asylum in the
Swiss Embassy.
Evening star., 1961-05-20

MIAMI, Fla, May 20 (AP) -
The first American prisoners
repatriated from Fidel Castro'S
Cuba, including the last United
States newsmen there, arrived
in Miami last niRht-sOme glad
some fighting mad and some
feartully silent.
Fifty-two Americans were in
the group Of l0l passengers
who arrived aboard a chartered
airliner. Also aboard were 46
Cuban refugees.
The Americans included four
newsmen. five Catholic priests
and three nuns.
There were cheers and ap-
plause when many Of the re-
patriates walked from the
plane. Some refused to identify
themselves, explaining they
feared for the safety Of rela-
tives still in Cuba or property
on the island.
Correspondents Return
Among those returning were
Harold K. Milks. chief OF AsSo-
ciated Press Caribbean Services
and Robert Berrellez, Asso-
ciated Press correspondent in
Havana; Ruby Hart Phillips,
New York Times correspondent,
and Martin P. Houseman of
United Press International.
Churchmen aboard the plane
included Father Lorenzo Spi-
rail-, founder of Villaneuva
University; Father Edward
McCarty, prior of Villaneuva +:
Father James Seymour, Father
Edward Connery. Father Peter
Hufnagel and Father Emelio
Castro.
Other repatriates included
Mrs. Grace Dumond, mother
Of Miami City Commissioner
Evening star., 1961-05-20
Education Editor
Speaks Thursday

Fred H. Hechinger, education
editor of the New York Times,
will discuss 1.-The Revolution in
Education" at 8 pm. Thursday
at Broome Junior High School.
The program is part Of the
annual spring meeting Of the
Montgomery County Education
Association.
Evening star., 1961-05-20
AP Writer Sees Americas
Jeopordized by Costroism

arrested by militiamen, mis-
treated. threatened with death
unless they revealed where they
had hidden gold ornaments
from the church. They finally
were rescued by a detachment
Of regular soldiers as the priests
were being led to an execution
wall.
Foreign diplomats in Havana
found the Ministry Of Foreign
Affairs powerless to interfere
on behalf Of foreigners picked
up in the general roundup.
1T appears that the Castro
G-2 is an all-powerful autono-
nous organization and not even
Fidel or President Osvaldo
Dorticos appears to have much
authority there" one Ambassa- =
dor reported after a long
struggle to release one Of his
nationals.
Ridicule Called Solution
Swiss Ambassador aston
Jaccard and his staff found
themselves thwarted day after
day in their efforts to negoti-
ate with the Cuban govern
ment, first for the repatria-
ton Of more than 500 Ameri-
can nationals from Cuba. and
second. for the release Of 10
American nationals still under
detention there.
What is the solution to this
threat to the political stability
Of the hemisphere?
Many diplomats with whom
I talked before leaving Cuba
say the time has passed for
military intervention in Cuba
by the United States or other
American nations, unless Mr..
Castro provides a reason.
1t was the consensus of these
observers that the best way to
beat Mr.. Castro today is to
ridicule him.
Make a dictator look ridi-
culous and you destroy him, "
said a spokesman in the
Havana diplomatic corps.
That's the job of the United
States. I think Washington
should assemble a task force
not Of Marines or paratroopers
but Of skilled propagandists
and use it to make the bearded
Castro look as silly as he is"
Evening star., 1961-05-20
CIV General Alumni
Elect Officers

The governing board OF the
George Washington University
General Alumni Association
elected the following officers
for the coming year:
President, j. Frank Double
day, data processing expert at
the General Services Admins
tration; vice president, John R.
Busick, director of development
of Alexandria Hospital; treas
urer, Donald w. Cole, of the in
vestment department of Acacia
Mutual Life Insurance Co., and
secretary, DR.. Helen S. Stone,
psychological counselor at the
university.
Evening star., 1961-05-20

Harold K. MiIks. chief Of Associated
Press coribbeon services. orrNed in
Miomi Lost night with the first
pIonelood OF Americans mokins their
escape from cubo. M. MiIks hos
been in osyIum in on emboSsy in
Hovono since April Is, but from his
mony eontocts in the island he hos
gathered comprehensive picture Of
developments there. This is his re-
port.