davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Expert on HOUSING

PreSident-elect Kennedy'S appoint
ment of DR.. Robert C. Weaver, New York
City Negro, as chief Of the Federal
Housing and Home Financing AyeE:y
has been received with wide approval.
The reaction appears to be thoroughly
justified.
DR.. Weaver, a native of Washington,
is not stranger to Government service
here. AS Harvard trained economist,
he held several important posts during
the administration Of President Frank
lin RooSevelt-in the Housing Authority,
the War Production Board and the War
Manpower Commission. He was known
then as able and effective professionally,
and popular personally. Later, as the
first Negro ever to hold cabinet-level
post in New York State, he achieved dis
tinction as State Rent Administrator
under Governor Hartman, and most re-
Gently as vice chairman Of New York
City's Housing and Redevelopment
Board. His long interest and experience
in the housing field have earned him a
reputation as one Of the country's out
standing experts in this area of govern
menCaI acClVlCy.
It had been assumed, of course, that
Mr.. Kennedy would name Negro to
high post in his administration. He had,
in fact, announced that Representative
Dawson of Illinois was offered the Post
master Generalship, but the Chicago
Congressman declined, presumably on
the ground that he preferred to remain
in the House. There would also have
been opposition to him. The Weaver
selection, recognizing both the political
Importance and the professional compe-
tence represented in the Negro commu-
nifty, is not vulnerable to attack. In the
highest Federal Office yet held by
member of his race, DR.. Weaver faces
big and complex job. There is reason
for confidence that he will handle it
WELL
Evening star., 1961-01-02

Premier Khrushchev's pro-
posal to help the subjugated
colonial people in their strug-
gle for freedom is startling
to say the least. If Mr.. Khru-
shchev were only partially
honest and sincere in his
offer. he could begin by re-
lieving some of the Soviet
dominated European coun-
tries Of the Russian military
assistance they neither re-
quested nor desire.
However, the Kremlin pat
tern for doing business
works a little differently. Mr..
Khrushchev's hypocritical Of
Ter is made at a time and
TO the countries where a
great deal Of confusion ex-
lists, principally because Of
Communistic activities. His
offer is timed and designed
TO help create turmoil and
disSension. This is Just one
more of the many ways COM
munism thrives and grows.
Herbert SOmmers.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
OF Birds and Men

When ] was q boy, Wash.
ington was overrun by Eng
lish sparrows. This bird had
been imported from Europe
about 1850 as an aid to the
farmer. Instead Of staying
on the farm. the bird con-
centrated in the cities where
1t soon became q pest. 10
drive out the sparrows, the
startling was introduced from
Europe about 1890. The
startling drove out the SPAR
rows and all other birds as
well. It also has proved to
be a bigger pest than the
sparrow, filling the air with
its 'raucous cry and covering
with its filth our beautiful
buildings and memorials.
The Importation of these
foreign birds was the work
Of would-be benefactors;
but. as so often happens, the
short t-sightedness of their
undertaking was not dis
covered until after the ac-
complishment of their deed.
Ways are now being devised
to oust the alien startling and
bring back the native song
bird that once frightened our
lives, but to do this nothing
short Of complete extermin-
alton Of the Startling will suf-
flee. I doubt that we have
the heart or the courage to
do this.
The problem might be
resolved If the startling could
be made to correct its bad
habits and the songbird could
be made to co-exiSt with the
Startling. Perhaps this is a
matter to which the orni-
thologist could give his at
tention. To this end he could,
I am sure, enlist the aid of
all those who now seem so
determined to- amalgamate
the human species.
Harvey HI. Hewitt.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Soviet Overtures

Just what was it about
the philosophy and policies
OF the Franklin D. Roosevelt
administration that was so
pleasing to the Russians that
they are so eager for an early
return to 1.-THE good old days"
Of the Roosevelt era?
If I am not mistaken, we
broke of diplomatic rela.
tions with the Russians fol-
lowing the Bolshevik revolu-
ton Of 1917. and did not re-
sumo them until the Roose-
welt administration came into
power.
Who was 1t that had the
wool pulled over their eyes
"again and again and again ?"
: And by whom? Just what may
we reasonably expect when
our new administration comes
INTO power on January 20,
1861?
Concerned
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Operation Abolition
Concerned,

According to The Star, in
view Of the Red successes in
stirring up student unrest
in many lands. the latest
FB1 report on Communist
undercover plans to infiltrate
and exploit American youth
movements and groups should
be OF special interest to
school authorities now con-
sidering whether to permit
students in social science
classes to view Operation
Abolition"
The Star comments that
after viewing the film, it is
convinced it follows closely
the detailed FBI report of
how Communist Party lead
ers actually planned, or
ganized and led" the dis
graceful demonstrations of
unwilling young people
which disrupted a House
committee in California last
May. The Star can see no
reason for anyone being
prevented" from viewing
the film-and Is at a loss to
understand why some of the
very voices usually the loud
est against any form of Cen
sorship" are crying for its
suppression.
Exactly. And with Com
munists actually knocking at
our back door, shouldn't
more of us outside schools
cast Off our fear of CON
troversy" and make it our
responsibility to study any
available factual evidence of
Communists at work in our
country?
Little in our American his
tory has prepared us for this
type of insidious and pro-
longed conflict, which the
Communists are determined
will end only in total" vic
tory. Whether this happens
will depend upon how soon
and how realistically we face
up to the basic truths Of to-
days chaotic world.
Lila d. SOnnemann.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Noxious Weed

l read IN your paper of
December 26 an article en-
titled Survey Finds Smokers
Receive Lower Grades" I am
not surprised at smokers re-
ceiving lower grades.
1t is not surprising that the
tests over the years yielded
similar results. SIN oking
harms a child in many ways.
I have observed that students
who smoke are poor students
in grades and interest usual
ly.
Raney Coppadge.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
100 MILLION LIVES

Richard Fryklund's articles
on military strategy are high
ly confusing.
For example: In The Sunday
Star Of December 18 he posed
this question: "But If a big
war started. could this coun-
try in fact win without de-
stroying itself?"
Mr.. Fryklund was probably
unfamiliar with what a one
time Navy officer said in the
Saturday Review Of Septem-
ber, 1860, which was as fol-
lows:
"The central problem we
face is clear enough. The So
Wet acquisition Of nuclear
weapons and the means for
their delivery anywhere on the
planet now makes certain that
nuclear war would be a war
of mutual devastation -. re-
sponsible leaders in the West
will not and should not deal
with limited aggression by
unlimited weapons whose end
could only be mutually suici-
dal."
This one-time Navy of1icer
with whose quotation Mr..
Fryklund seems unfamiliar
was none other than the next
President of the United States,
John Fitzgerald Kennedy.
America and the free world
can Ill afford to rest the fu-
ture of freedom on preoccu-
patton and plans for a big
war with an all-or-nothing
strategy. The immediate past
has amply demonstrated that
we require for the preserva-
ton of freedom and the de-
terring of a brutal, cunning
enemy a mixture Of military
forces with great readiness
and flexibility to implement
various strategy for all types
of emergencies which the So
Wet leaders may provoke.
It Is most unfortunate tina
Mr.. Fryklund missed the
boat.
Jay Clarke Waldron.
\ y y
1.-THE 100 Million Lives" Sc.
ries by Richard Fryklund
which he says expresses 1.-THE
spare-the-cities strategy now
being promoted in high All
Force circles" also expresses
the strategy Of the Red Army
which they would like us to
adopt. According to "Soviet
Strategy in the Nuclear War; .
by Raymond L. Garthoff, the
following is a quotation from
an article entitled, "Of Con-
Quoting Contemporary War
by Major General M. A. Mil
stein and Col. A. K. Slobo-
henk of the Soviet army
Published in the magazine
Inanyz, Moscow, April %
1857:
"The objective of combat
operations must be destruc'
ton of armed forces anc
strategic bombing of targets
in the rear"
According to Mr.. Garthof
the Soviet strategic concep
is "By means of annihilatior
Of (the enemy's) armet
forces"
The reason Moscow Woult
like to sell us their concept
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Chilly Greeting

To the members of the Ma
tional Council for the Aboli-
ton Of the House Un-Ameri-
can Activities Committee:
Today, a large number Of
your noisome claque of "stu-
dent" demonstrators (some
Of such advanced age, if in
deed still students, that you
could only demonstrate mon
umental stupidity. from an
academic standpoint) will
arrive in Washington from
New York and other points
to stage q mass protest for
the removal of the House
Un-American Activities Com
mittee.
Your visit here, timed to
coincide with the opening of
Congress, is an outgrowth of
the San Francisco riots
staged against the House
Un-American Activities Com
mite last May, and declared
by FBI Director j. Edgar
Hoover. to have been Com
munist-backed and Commu-
nist-inspired.
Washington has seen many
visitors come and go over
the years. the distinguished,
undistinguished. and the no.
torious. And we're old hands
at recognizing groups like
yours.
We've seen your pickets,
crudely drawn signs. and
lunc -sm e a red petitions
drawn up for this or that
cause" too many times not
to know what types your
group attracts. You're being
duped, children.
Mr.. Hoover recently cited
the Communist Party's full
and current emphasis on the
indoctrination of American
youth, and the infiltration Of
colleges and schools.
Hidden masters are pulling
your strings. kids. When your
usefulness has ended, then
out you'll go.
Washington's welcome to
you will be in keeping with
the weather-glacial.
And you won't win. The
Un-American Activities
Committee will continue.
Your bosses know this, but
they won't tell you. You're
their delaying action, their
'smokescreen Of confusion
and disorder.
Tovarich. kids! Make fools
Of yourselves if you like.
F. w. Greene, Jr.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Khrushchev's Push for the Summit
Fersisn corrsspondsnt q rhs s.!

Of this there are varying de-
grees Of optimism In the
guesses being made about
Russian motives.
Among these the most opti-
mistic is that Mr.. Khrushchev
is genuinely anxious to reach
an agreement on the matter
Of nuclear testing, and per-
haps also on the problem Of
Berlin. Those who blame the
U-2 flight for the breakdown
of last Mays summit con-
ference cling to the idea that
Mr.. Khrushchev would come
prepared to talk turkey with
a new and "uncontaminated"
President. II so, q meeting
might be akin to a repetition
of the Camp David exercise
clearing the way for the full
fledged summit meeting later.
On the other hand, it may
be that Mr.. Khrushchev's
purpose is q good deal less
specific. In contrast to Vice
President Nixon, Mr.. Ken.
nedy is a completely un-
known quantity to any Of
the top Russian leaders.
Throughout the election,
campaign, the Russian press
showed signs of considerable
confusion - claiming that
there was no real difference
between the two candidates
and their programs while
limiting that Mr.. Kennedy
after all might be the lesser
of two evils. His victory has
been represented to Russian
newspaper readers as o re-
pudiation by the American
electorate Of an admfnistra-
iton whose policies brought
Russian-American relations
to a new low.
Enthusiasm Sounds Hollow
Apart from propaganda,
however. the Kremlin's new
enthusiasm about Mr.. Ken
nedy has a somewhat hollow
ring to it. Russians, Of
course, would very much like
to see an administration in
stalled in Washington that
would be more receptive to
compromise and more f1exi-
BILE in its negotiations. But it
Is hard to believe that they
have found much comfort in
\ Mr.. Kennedy's promises Of
increased military strength,
economic growth ana more
active diplomacy on q world
wide scale.
Most certainly Mr.. Khru-
shchev wants to take o per-
sonal measure Of the man
who will be his chieg antago-
mist for a number Of years to
come. Even If it produces no
immediate results, their
meeting could have an i'm
portant bearing on the Rus
sian leaders highly variable
plans.
From his point Of view.
Mr.. Kennedy represents .
new obstacle to the "inevit-
able tide" Of Communist vic
tory. And as a practical man,
Mr.. Khrushchev Is anxious
to reconnoiter his obstacle
before setting his course.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Studies School BUDGET

The Star has at various
times published articles to
help explain why our schools
are failing in their primary
job Of educating our children.
An even more striking ex-
planation is furnished by a
brief glance at the Mont
gomery County school budget
proposed for next year.
This budget calls for an
expenditure Of $486 per pupil,
representing an increase of
more than 200 per cent for
the past decade. Has this
increase given us pupils better
trained in mathematics, SCI
ence, language. gram m a r,
geography, history? One can
only wonder when it is noted
that the proposed budget
calls for the creation of 9l9
new jobs, only 410 Of which
are for additional teachers.
The various new personnel
will be therapists, assorted
special educationists, etc. The
budget also calls for placing
all 300 county school admin
istrators on a 12-month basis
and raising their salaries
accordingly.
On the basis of past exper-
ience, we may reasonably
expect that the county will in
the future have more dynamic
educational programs S, So
called: lie. more conferences
on what is to be done with
the fortune a te deviates"
(bright children who should
merely be promoted to their
mental leVels); more reme-
dial reading (to try to undo
some Of the mischief result
ing from refusing to start
children with phonetics) !;
more scientific" testing and
counseling tbusy-work efforts
trying to bring children from
the never-never world of life
adjustment).
Through such programs we
shall keep wasting both
money and, most important,
the precious time of our
children. We should know by
q now that more money will no
Evening star., 1961-01-02

as against our strategy Of
saturation-bomhin Is be-
cause the Soviet has Q stay
behind" force in all Western
countries which would take
over as soon as our armed
forces were destroyed.
We have no such "stay.
behind" forces in Russia.
F. r. Eldridge.
Based on O rea ding Of
Chapters III and w Of Fry.
klund's series, 100 Million
Lives" I think you might like
to dig a bit deeper into the
subject.
Another thought Is more
terrifying to me than 100
Million Lives" it is the point
that any large scale nuclear
attack would mean the end
Of the human race through
the side effects Of radiation
on the genetic heritage Of
man. Putting the optimistic
calculations Of Herman Kahn
together with the conclusions
Of the National Academy Of
Sciences-National Research
Councils "The Adequacy Of
Government Research Pro-
grams in Non-Military De-
fense." produces the fright
ening result Ito mel that
any nuclear war will cause
the ultimate extinction of
mankind.
AS a city planner and
housing consultant, nuclear
war looks like a mixed evil!
(At least it could clear a lot
OF slums). But thinking of
the fantastic destruction of
human and material wealth
Is not enough. I think YOU
would do a service by point
ing out that the human race
is threatened genetically.
even If few people are killed.
by nuclear warfare.
Roger Wilcox.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
House Rules

I must take exception to
the argument by those who
decry that the House Rules
Committee prevents the will
Of the majority from assert
ing itself.
BY exercising the right Of
discharge petition, a simple
majority may dislodge any
bill and send 1t to the floor
for action. Certainly moth
ing would seem simpler than
for the majority who favor
passage Of legislation Cbot-
tled-up by the Rules Com
mittee) to step UP to the
well Of the House and sign
such a petition.
The reason such a petition
rarely has been used with
success is that a majority of
Congressman wish to pre-
serve the authority of the
Rules Committee, thereby
preserving for themselves a
"crutch". Many Congress-
mems reelection to Office is
dependent upon q precari-
Gus coalition Of minority
groups. A Congressman who
Is uncertain as to the effect
his vote on q controversial
issue would have on his CO.
alition would rather evade
the issue and prefer not
having to register an opinion
at all. However. II pressed
by certain segments Of his
coalition as to the failure to
secure passage, this Con-
gresham heed only point to
the House Rules Committee
and. with tongue In cheek,
state il 1t weren't for that
obstructionist body. passage
would have been achieved.
The House Rules Commit
tee cannot prevent q con-
crete majority from approv-
ing any bill placed in the
Speakers hopper. Only "pa-
per" majorities, represented
by Congressman who desire
to be all things to all peo-
pie, are forced" to accept
the pigeon-holing Of the
Rules Committee.
John ScheldEup.
Evening star., 1961-01-02

@. Are major league base
ball players allowed to smoke
and drink during the play
ing season? L. D.
A. Generally there are no
set club rules against these
habits, although some man
ayers do ban drinking during
spring training. In the regu-
lar season it is usually left
up to the discretion Of the
individual player. No player
is allowed to smoke or drink
on the playing field or in the
dugouts.
@. How can I test seeds
saved over from last season
to learn whether they will
grow If planted next spring?
M. I.
A. AS a test, plant a few
Of these seeds in a flower
pot. If half of them come
up, 1t is likely that the rest
are worth planting.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry Drtters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensa-
tton. Those not used ,DiA be
returned only phen accom-
panied BY self = addressed.
stamped enuelopes.
Evening star., 1961-01-02

GA1e40s-<\AtC CtCl4t Va OtCE@ =
whelming Importance stands
out on the calendar for the
coming year. Though no one
at this point can circle the
date and name the place, the
meeting Of Soviet Premier
Khrushchev and President
Kennedy seems certain to
provide one Of the major
highlights of 1861.
The Russians already are
preparing for the event. Ever
since the day after the elec-
ton, the Russian press has
been spouting happily about
the prospects for a more
hopeful turn in,East- West re-
lations. In Moscow, Foreign
Minister Gromyko's message
of Christmas cheer (or his
Com m U mist equivalent)
hinged on the theme Of better
understanding between the
United States and the
USSR as did Mr.. Khru-
shchev's New Years mes
sage. In Washington, Soviet
Ambassador Menshikov has
been offering conspicuously
private entertainment to close
associates Of the President
elect.
Europe's Interpretation
In Europe today, almost
every development is being
interpreted in the light Of a
new Russian effort to ease
the international tension
built up by the explosion of
the summit conference last
spring. If East and West
Germans reach a new trade
agreement which takes the
heat of Berlin for the time
being, it is taken as a sign
the Kremlin wants a new
detente. II then Khrushchev
calls in the British ambassa-
dor for a friendly chat about
world affairs, European OBJ
servers see 1t as a feeler for
new top-level talks.
Allowing for wishful think
ing, there is evidence enough
that the Russian leader will
indeed seek a meeting with
the new President as soon
as possible after he takes
Office.
AS the worlds leading ex-
ponent Of the art OF personal
diplomacy, Mr.. Khrushchev
is unlikely to leave to his
subordinates anything so i'm
portant as his relations with
the next American admins
tration. And If he makes the
effort, 1t is hard to see now
Mr.. Kennedy can dodge an
encounter.
Motives Are Obscure
What lies behind the
Kremlin's new cordiahty, OF
course, is anyone's guess
Certainly no one, including
Mr.. Khrushchev, is really
under the illusion that
Russian-American relations
can somehow magically re-
turn to the basis Of o-opera-
ton that existed during the
latter days of the Roosevelt
era while World War II was
still underway. But far short
Evening star., 1961-01-02

more cure the educational
crisis than a legacy will con-
vert a wastrel to a responsible
citizen.
N -.
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

a reader can get an answer. BY
mail, to any question Of fact by
writing The star Information Bu-
reau. 635 F street NV, washington
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed, stamped
Evening star., 1961-01-02
Crafty KremIin

j. r. Lee.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

The swedish American Lines
|Kunesholna wiii be equipped
with stsbilixers when slie goes
into drydock for her annual
overhaul this tan.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

Nexts RFIess Cfess Roaas.
Evening star., 1961-01-08
mp nnl,r
Miani.s 1Iiaieah Race Co,irse

Miazmis 1ziaieah Race Course
even when the horses aren't
running. draws > lot.of visitors.
The Miami Metro News Bu-
|reau says during the so-called
on season. which lasts 32s
days. more than is million free
post cards are mailed each
year from the track. ~.
Newest addition TO the track
Is asa outdoor Pafisiah-style
sidewalk cafe II the paddock
area Also recently liistalled
were srass islal1ds. eight Cael
% tEopical birds frorn Africa
and General hid hosltn Amer.
|iea md j Rasey llly pond.
Almost ss famed is Hialesh'i
Aksxs @fe IVY 21tik MAlnfNB0l
that I'VE arousld four snall
|islasids lpcated Ii the txselx'.
|infseld laie area.
Ihe flanlinao cDlciiy IIyes Ii,
this civilized srea OF III gsr
will They're free to al asgs
but newer 20.
n 1881 the late Joseph u
VVidsnef founder Of the tack
|cesslit seven pair. 0fi Wild do.
Iriingos on the e0ast or Cnb1
and placed thsgison tlls track'l
q n X IS II X i. *
Evening star., 1961-01-08
Even Without the Rocing,
HiuIeoh Draws Many Fans

infeld island. The next morn
ing they were gone.
|. He tried 1t again, but thia
time clipped their outer Wins
feathers. The birds stayed. and
from them grew The pTesenl
colony Of 76o.
Evening star., 1961-01-08

1t took IS million bricks and
nearly 40 years to build FOrt
Pulaski. and only 30 hours
TO shell it into submission
during the Civil War.
The fort today Is q focal
point of Q s,381-scfe National
Monument ~ miles east oi
Savannah. Ga. I
Built TO guard the north and
south channel entrances to
Savannah Harbor, II lies on
Cockspur Island-f0rmerly ~
Fsspsr Island aer0ss the Ausatll
channel from the main part
oE the National Monument
grounds.
&c Is open 10 visitors each
dfg Of the year except Christ
n from $50 am. to $50 pm.
Admission 10 25 cents. with
ctaidren under "a. when accom-.
pSnied 81 Irresponsible adults.
admitted free.
The fort is reached from
Savannah by the Tybee High
Way u. 81 Route 80. There Il
No public transportation to the
site.
Scars Visible /
sAIthough the major damage
frDm the furious bouahard rdment
b9 Union artillery was lister
repaired, the visitor can stilIsee
Evidences Of the preaching oi
tie southeast wall, . f
sOnly q few cannon ere nov
ua0unted on the walls, but the
Ykpat and the brick battlements
al still much the same as they
vkre when the fort was COM
pseted in 1887. It was designed
h& Brig. Gen. Simon Bernard
Napoleon's military engineer. i
sNearby Is q monument u
J6hn Wesley. who landed on
cocispur Island February Is
1f36, on his way to be q ms.
siDnary among the Ir5diaslS
yhe memorial cross was putin
hy the Georgia Society. C0l0nin
DANES Of America.
THE tip Of Cockspiir ilslanf
c9ntaining the fort Is q en1al
nkrt Of the National Monu'