davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-01-17
THE POLITICAL MILL
How to Balance the Budqet
By GOULD LINCOLN

for increased knowledge Of
and use Of outer space. He
recommended no tax de-
creases, but the continuance
Of some taxes that are due
to expire this year. He did
not suggest. as some Of
President-e lect Kennedy's
advisers have done, that
governmental expenditures
may be increased-for many
new social programs and new
construction of various kinds
and at the same time o re-
duction Of personal income
taxes.
Kennedy Pledge Cited
The budget surpluses fore
seen by the President at the
close Of fiscal 1861 (next,
June) and at the close Of
fiscal year 1862 . year later.
are not large-$0.1 billion
for 1861 and SIS billion for
1862. The latter, he said,
may make possible another
modest payment on the
national debt" But the Presi-
dent stressed the wisdom Of
keeping the Governments fl
nances in the black, instead
Of In the red. President-elect
Kennedy, during his cam
paign for election. stressed
the need for a balanced
budget. too, and indicated
he would work for one.
Presumably he will do so.
He will be bombarded, how
ever. by many groups and
probably by the Congress, to
agree to many heavy expend-
itures for all kinds Of pro-
jects. Mr.. Kennedy has
repeatedly asserted his faith
in the future Of this country.
and has promised he will do
all in his power to build q
sound economy. If President
Eisenhower is correct in his
assertions that business and
employment will both in
crease this year. the in
coming Presidents task will
be materially easier.
The new budget proposed
by President Eisenhower
looks to Government receipts
of 1923 billion and expendi-
lures by the Government to-
falling $80.9 billion. This is
a huge expenditure-made
necessary by the needs for
national defense, the continu-
ance Of Government domes-
tic programs, and for outer
space programs. It Is, indeed.
so large, in both expenditures
and receipts as to defy clear
understanding except by ex-
perts in governmental fl
nances.
The Presidents estimates
for receipts and expenditures
in the fiscal year 1861 are
$79 billion and $7S.9 billion,
respectively.
Looking to the future,
President Eisenhower sees no
let-up for the next decade in
the need for heavy expendi-
lures for national defense.
Much necessarily will depend
upon whether any sound
agreements can be made with
the Communist bloc on the
matter of disarmament. or
limitation of armament. It
Is discouraging to find that
OF the 1862 estimates Of ex-
penditures, So per cent Is
allotted to national security.
This category covers many
things, but the big slice Is for
the armed forces.
Evening star., 1961-01-17

felt, a very fine forfeit: what
shall be done to redeem it?"
Such phrasings as Hangs
over your heads, ""hangs over
head" "hangs over your poor
head" or simply "hangs
over" we're also in use in var
ious sections of the country.
Newell mentions that Ger
man children playing. the
same game phrased the
question. Lord judge, what
is your sentence, what shall
he do whose pledge I have
in my hand?"
Evening star., 1961-01-17
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensd-
tion. Those not used ,Dill be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-01-17
Care for Aged

and great grandpas are be-
ing capitalized for political
purposes. We are becoming
so numerous that our votes
are well worth cultivating
So instead Of our society
and our government becom-
ing concerned to make it
possible for us to maintain
our dignity and to continue
to pay. our own way in our
advancing years. by just
easing UP Q little bit on the
tax and other burdens we
are obliged to bear, we are
being promised some sort Of
health care In our old age.
which many Of US will pay
for by an increase in our
Social Security tax.
The Social Security laws
graciously permit us to work
and earn as much as we can
after becoming 70 years of
age. without losing our paid
for benefits. Result: At an
age when q great many
would like to retire, we must
continue to work to add all
We can to the modicum we
get from Social Security.
My own case is probably
duplicated many times over
the Nation. At an early age
! began to prepare for the
time when I would no longer
be able to earn. I chose to
acquire, piece by piece, some
very fine farm land, from
which I hoped to receive
enough income to live on in
my later years. My holdings
are in Montana, where be-
cause Of lack Of moisture
sufficient for other crops,
the only crop we can raise is
wheat.
With the over-abundance
Of wheat In the Nation, year
by year my acreage allot-
ment has been whitfield down
until 1t is now exactly 31.5%
Of my tillable acreage. And
the Harvard alumni are now
planning "strict production
controls" as q solution OF the
farm problem" Instead Of
an acreage allotment. they
plan to place a limit upon
the number Of bushels Of
wheat each farm may pro-
duce and market, so the
farmer cannot fertiliZe and
use superior farming methods
to increase his yearly income.
rs he could do under the
acreage allotment.
So I continue to work at
my desk six days per week.
and pay my own hospital
and doctor bills. If the poll
ticians really want to do
something to ease the plight
of the oldsters, why not re-
lieve everyone IS years of
age and older of the obliga-
ton to pay Federal and
State income taxes? And that
might win some votes, too.
Octogenarian.
In speaking of medical care
for the aged to be placed un-
the Social Security System,
Marion B. Folsom, former
Secretary Of Health, Educa-
ton and Welfare, said that
the maximum cost to an in
dividual worker would be
from $i2 to $24 a year, to be
matched by the employer.
Mr.. Folsom is wrong two
ways:
]. Experience in income
taxes. social-security taxes
and all other taxes proves
that the $l2 to $24 he talks
about would grow and grow
and grow as the years 60 by
2. The employer would moi
pay the other half of the cost
Everybody would pay it. The
employer would have to pass
1t along in an increased price
of his product or service.
COurtland ID. Ferguson.
Evening star., 1961-01-17
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

% reader get by mail to question q
D. c. Please ineose
Evening star., 1961-02-16

Congo can peace be kept in
Africa.
/ would conveive it to be the
duty of the United States and.
indeed, all members Of the
United Nations to defend the
charter of the United Nations
by opposing any attempt by
any government to intervene
unilaterally in the Congo.
Concerned at JObIessness
This country Is most con-
cerned about the very serious
problem Of unemployment
which we have faced this
winter. And that more than
five-and-a-half million Ameri-
cans who want to work and
can't find Q job
We are particularly con-
cerned about the more than
100000 Americans who have
exhausted their unemployment
compensation checks and who
are now on relief. We have
sent to the Congress program
which we believe would be Of
assistance to the country and
to them this winter. We do,
as you know, provide for ex-
tension Of unemployment con-
pensation benefits for those
who have exhausted their bene-
fits. We provide aid to un-
employed workers. Today under
the law q child Of q worker
who is out Of work can only
receive necessary assistance IL
his family splits up. We would
correct that situation.
Bills Sent to Congress
We have sent a program up
for aid to distressed areas.
We have sent up legislation
improving the minimum wage.
We have sent up legislation
to the Hill which would pro-
vide for an increase in social
security benefits, and it will
be followed by other programs
as time goes on.
We have also provided for
executive action increasing the
amount Of food available in
those areas Of the United
States where people live on
these food packages.
I hope that we can get ac-
ton on these programs as soon
as possible. Today the Ways
and Means Committee of the
House held hearings on our
program to extend unemploy-
ment compensation benefits. I
am hopeful that we can move
forward this winter so that
some relief can be given to our
fellow Americans.
In order to provide a stim-
illus to our economy, I have
provided with the cooperation
Evening star., 1961-02-16

these programs would be de-
veloped in q more concentrated
period than they would other
wise have been. ...
The farmers we have pro-
vided SIS million additional for
loans. spring planting costs and
also for farm home loans.
Urging States to Act
For the Federal highway
construction program, we are
going to make $734 million to
be available to the States this
This program Of course
calls for action by the States
and the. local bodies. We are
tonight kilograms TO
all OF the State Governors ask
ing if they also can provide for
Speedup in there programming.
I want to make it clear that
we are going to continue to
work in cooperation with the
Governors and with the Con-
gress. all agencies Of the Gov
ernment, because we want to
Evening star., 1961-02-16

Of the departments Of the
Government for a speedup in
programs using funds now
available. Over $3.50 million as
we have said will be distributed
Immediately under the CT divi-
dend program.
There are $4 billion for tax
refunds which are coming due
as soon as those who are avail
able for these refunds can put
their applications in; we will
attempt to stimulate and i'm
prove and quicken distribution
Of these funds.
We provided under the in
structions given through the
State-of-the- Union address for
$700 million. committed this
month for additional PolariS
submarines and airlift capac-
ity. In addition, we are provid-
ing through the Post Office a
speedup in the programs to
build post offices, which has
been authorized and approved
by the Congress previously;
Evening star., 1961-02-16

THE PRESIDENT: Thank
you. ! have several statements
70 make first. and then will
be glad to submit to questions.
Ambassador Stevenson in the
Security Council today has ex-
pressed fully and clearly the at
titude Of the United States Gov
ernment towards the attempts
to undermine the effectiveness
Of the United Nations organiza-
ton. The United States can
take care of itself, but the
United Nations system exists so
that every nation can have the
assurance of security. Any at
tempt to destroy this system is
q blow aimed directly at the in
dependence and security Of ev-
cry nation, large and small.
I am also, however. seriously.
concerned at what appears to
be O threat of unilateral inter-
vention in the internal affairs
Of the Republic of Congo. I find
it difficult to believe that any
government Is really planning
to take so dangerous and ire
SponSible a step. Nevertheless, I
feel, it important that there
should be no misunderstanding
Of the position of the United
States in such an eventuality.
u. S. Supported U. N.
The United States has sup
ported and will continue to
support the United Nations
presence in the Congo. The
United States considers that
the only legal authority entitled
to speak for the Congo as q
whole is a government eStab-
hshed under the chief of state,
President KaSavubu, who has
been seated in the General AS
sembly of the United Nations by
q majority vote of its members.
The broadening Of the gov
ernment under President KaSa-
vubu is a quite legitimate sub
ject Of discussion. and such dis
cussions have been going on in
Leopoldyille and in New York.
butthe purported recognition Of
Congolese factions as so-called
governments in other parts Of
that divided country can only
confuse and make more diff
cult the task Of securing Con-
golese independence and unity.
The United Nations offers
the. best, If not the only, pos
sibility for the restoration of
conditions of stability and
order in the Congo.
The press reports this after
noon that Prime Minister
Nehru has stated, and I quote,
IF the United Nations goes
out of the Congo, it will be a
disaster" I strongly agree with
this view. Only by the presence
of the United Nations in the
Evening star., 1961-02-16

see the American economy get
back on its feet. We want to
see these people working again.
In addition, the Small Busi-
ness Administration plans to
increase by Is per cent the
criteria for what small busi-
nesses there are that are eligi-
BILE for defense contracts. BY
Increasing this criteria, we will
make other small businesses
eligible who happen to be in
areas where there is high un-
employment.
Pooling Of Space Efforts
I am hopeful that these pre-
grams will all be Of assistance.
Mr.. Goldberg's tour showed
that in States like Michigan,
nearly $780, 900 people are out
of work. and IL per cent Of the
people In Gary. Ind, and over
100000 steel workers, and they
need our help.
@. Mr.. Khrushchev this aft
ernoon, / think in q message
applying to you, said that he
welcomed your proposal that
you voiced in the State-of-the-
Union message for pooling
American Soviet efforts In
space exploration projects.
Do you think this sort OF
pooling and cooperation you
envisioned in your state the
Union message will still be
possible under the tense con-
ditions that developed in the
U.N. today?
A. I hope 1t would be possible
for the relations between the
United States and the Soviet
Union to develop in such q way
that the peace can be pro-
tected and that 1t will be pos
Sible for us to use our energies
along peaceful and productive
and fruitful lines. The devel-
opment Of space, preventing
outer space from being used
as a new area of war, Of course,
is Of the greatest possible con-
Germ to the people Of this
country.
I am hopeful that it will be
possible, II relations between
our two countries can be
maintained, can be channeled
along peaceful lines, I am hope
full real progress can be made
this year. It Is our earnest
hope that the relations. can
remain harmonious and it will
be possible for us to cooperate
in peaceful ventures rather
than be differing on matters
which carry with them such
hazards.
Soviet Leads In Rocket Power
@. Would you care to COM
ment on the space probe to-
wards Venus, made by the
SovietS recently. Do you think
this would point up any space
gap between our two countries,
Evening star., 1961-02-16

what 1860 would be-iseO was
not. the most prosperetiS year
in our history. It has been
estimated earlier that We wosfld
find ourselves obliged to take
action this winter. BY calling
it q recession, or calling this
thing that it Is, not 3 recession,
calling it q plateau, that is no
excuse for not taking action.
In my opinicn 1T is essential
that we move forward this
winter because we don't want
to find ourselves in the winter
and the spring and the sum-
mer debating about our prob
lem Of whether we are. In an
economic recession, or whether
we have an economic decline,
and finding at the end Of the
congressional session that no
action has been taken. It is
only that all Of my statements
have had the impact, ! believC,
Of a snowflake on the Potomac,
which was the description used
by a distinguished member Of
the Congress. I hope they have
more effect than that. -. 5g'
viii Wait on Congo Troops
@. Mr.. President, if other,
nations become reluctant to as
sign troops to the q. N. for
police work in the Congo, would
you tell us whether we would
consider contributing Ameri-
can units? - =. ~. T
A. We are now hopeful that
the policy which the Secretary
General has followed Of secur-
ing the troops for the Congo
from Africa and Asia, we are
hopeful that is going to be
successful. Until that fails, I
don't think we should go un-
der any assumption that it is
going to fail. If he does fail,
we will have to make a new
Judgment. But I am hopeful
that those countries which are
not involved with maintaining
the security and independence
Of the African countries and
peace in Africa, that they will
continue to respond to the
Secretary Generals appeal for
support, and that is also true,
Of course, Of Asian nations who
are also concerned. Particu-
larly the smaller countries. We
hope that they can maintain
control Of the troop movements
and not begin to have troops
from larger countries with all
Of the hazards that might bring.
Evening star., 1961-02-16

we conduct relations with them
In compartments?
A. I am hopeful that all
countries that are members of
the United Nations will make a
determination to operate, IN
the Congo through the United
Nations. I think that is essen
tial. AS ! said in my statement,
unilateral intervention by one
country outside of the United
Nations would endafgef the
United Nations and endanger
peace in Africa.
Must Act on Recession
/ am hopeful that will come
to be. the judgment of all MEM
bers Of the United Nations, and
If it does. I think that we will
find ourselves with the pros
poets Of peace increased.
@. Following up Mr.. Kent's
question, Mr.. President, the Re-
publican Party as q whole
seems to also take the view that
your administration has over
stated the economic recession.
wonder. sir, if you have given
any thought to comforting with
the Republican leaders in Con-
gress in hopes of getting their
support for your program to
solve the economic recession
and if you have made available
to them all the information
that your administration has
on the economic situation?
A. To answer your second
part. we have made available
all the information we have
I have described it. Everyone
can look at these figures and
come to the conclusion-their
own conclusion. ! see no neces-
sity or desirability Of minimiz-
ing our problems. I think only
by facing the problems with
precision is it possible to get
action.
I want the cooperation OF
the leadership on both sides
and will make every effort that
I can to seek the support OF
members Of the House and
Senate on both sides Of the
aisle. But anyone who locks at
the million cars in inventory
today. who looks at the figures
on unemployment, and who
looks at the steel capacity op-
Grating at about so per cent
capacity, who looks at the 600,-
900 Americans who have ex-
hausted their unemployment
compensation. who looks at
five-and-a-half million Amer
leans out Of work, who looks at
our decline in economic growth
since last spring. ! would say
would come to the same con-
clusion that I have: That it is
necessary for US to take action.
No Excuse for InactiOn
The fact that a judgment
was made the last year about
Evening star., 1961-02-16

and do you see there is any
need for q Speedup in our
efforts in that field?
A.. The Soviet Union. as IsaidI
In the state-of- the Union. of
course, is ahead of US in
boosters, and there is an indi-
cation they are going to be
ahead of. us for some time to
come. This was, as I said in my
statement at the time, this is a
scientific achievement that is
an impressive one. We have
made exceptional gains in space
technology, which may not be
as dramatic as sputnik, or as a
probe to Venus, but which in
the long run does, at least !
think should, give all Americans
satisfaction in the efforts that
we have made. Boosters, how
ever, we are behind on. It is a
matter Of great concern. The
Soviet Union made a signif-
icant breakthrough in this area
some years ago, and they have
continued TO make their lead,
and it explains why they were
ahead of us in sputnik and it
explains why they have been
able to put larger objects into
space, and we have to recognize
their chances Of continuing to
do that unless we are able to
make a breakthrough before
the Saturn booster comes into
operation. Unless we are able
to make q scientific break
through, we have to recognize
that we are in a position, a
secondary position on boosters.
It is a matter Of great concern.
We have sufficiently large
boosters to protect US militarily,
but for the long heavy explora-
tions into space, which requires
large boosters. the Soviet Union
has been ahead, and it is going
to be a major task to surpass
them.
No Data on Cuban Aid
q. Mr.. President, have you
determined whether any en-
ploye Of our State Department
was responsible or had any
part in advancing the Commu-
mist foothold in Cuba, and If
so, sir, will you take steps to
remove them from office?
A. I think that probably mis-
calculations were made by our
country in assessing in Cuba,
but I have no evidence that
anyone did it out of any other
motive but to serve the United
States.
@. Mr.. President, to clarity
an earlier answer you made, is
1t your view that we can pro-
ceed in serious negotiations
with the Soviet Union in such
areas as arms control and nu-
clear test ban, while they con-
tinue to agitate the situation
in the United Nations and in
the Congo? In other words, can
Evening star., 1961-02-16
D. c. for Convention

The National League Of.
Masonic Clubs has selected
Washington as the site of its
1861 convention, october 4-7 in
the Shoreham Hotel.
Evening star., 1961-02-16

FOLLOWING partial tert OF President Kennedys
conference last night:
The Nome nugget., 1961-08-18
New Aid-to Education Package Raises Hopes Among Key Democrats

WASHINGTON R A new aid-to education package present. ed by Secretary of Welfare Ribi- coff raised hopes among key Democrats in Congress Thursday that some sort of bill can be passed this year.
 Ribicoffff emerged from meet ing with Democrats on the House Education and Labor Committee smiling broadly and told news men he thought the muddled school bill situation was Ia lot better"
 Committee Chairman Ad a m Powell Jr., D-N.Y), added that chances for getting the package through the House where all education measures have been bottled up in the Rules Commit tee = were now excellent.
 They said the final signal to go ahead with the plan will have to be given by President Kennedy and House Speaker Sam Rayburn after conference to be arranged by Ribicoff.
 The new compromise proposal contains something from all the measures now stymied in the House Committee, but at sharp ly reduced level.
The Nome nugget., 1961-08-18
Harry Balough, Boxing Announcer Is Dead at 70

NEW YORK R = Harry Will liam Balough, a trumpet-voiced boxing announcer who handled most of the important title bouts of the 1930s and 1940s, is dead at TO. He was celebrated for many innovations in announcing, plus some humorous inadvertencies in his delivery.
 Leave Us all view this con- test without anchor or preju- disn," Balough beseeched the au- dience about to witness the Joe Louis Primo Camera fight at Yankee Stadium in 1895.
 Camera was not too popular at that time because his native Italy was waging war against Ethiopia.
 Balough later acknowledged he had gotten his tongue twisted in uttering the word anchor. But he insisted:
 "I still maintain that spredu- dism' is terrific word. If it isn't in the dictionary. it ought to be-"
 During a quarter-century of an- nouncing - in which he became better known than many of the pugilists he introduced in the ring Balough became the un- questioned master of redundancy and sometimes almost strangled on words as he rose to heights of rehetorical oratory.
 T gave you the popular, power, punching, pugilistic idol," he would say, for example, "who per- sists in kayoing his opponets with atomic finality indubitably a very worth, capable challenger. Balough was the first an- nouncer to appear in the ring clad in tuxedo and stiff-fronted shirt startling sight at first to old-tilne fans.
 Late in the I940s Balough de- cided he was entitled to some
The Nome nugget., 1961-08-18
GOLD DISCOVERED 65 YEARS AGO AT DAWSON

SEATTLE R = The 65th anni- versary of the discovery of gold Aug. IT, 1896 at Dawson, Yukon Territory, was noted yesterday in a message sent to Dawson on be- half of Seattle-area gold-rush veterans.
 Miss Lulu Fairbanks, secretary of the International Sourdough Reunion, to be held here begin ming next Thursday, sent greetings to pioneers at the Gold Strike Camp at Dawson, where a festival is being held. She invited them to attend the reunion here, at the Olympic Hotel.