davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-01
Sr1athers Says
Defense Paper:
Wastes Billions
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
Star staff Writer

The chairman of 2 Senate
subcommittee examining mill
tary buying methods called On
the Pentagon yesterday to turn
out more munitions and less
paper.
Senator Smathers, Democrat
of Florida, charged that 81 OF
every $40 spent for military
supplies lis needlessly diverted
from piles of munitions to piles
of paper" He estimated that
between So billion and 81 bill
lion of the overall $23 billion
military supply budget is
wasted annually Ito build q
paper army armed with red
tape weapons"
Senator Smathers based his
comments on results Of a 15-
month survey by an advisory
group for the Senate Small
Business Committee, parent Of
his subcommittee.
$50 Pounds TO Read
Under present Defense De-
partment regulations" he COM
planned, lone man would have
to spend 10000 hours reading
the $50 pounds of specifica-
tions which cover merely the
first steps of military buying
of hardware and supplies. A
modern tower Of Babel has
been built by the military just
to contain the regulatory docu-
ments pertaining to military
purchasing"
He said the survey showed
that in the last five years
there has been a 400 per cent
increase in the time consumed
by defense industry contractors
to prepare reports required by
the Government. He added
that many Of those reports
were absolutely needless and
never read by anyone" The
survey found, he said. that the
Navy Bureau Of Weapons alone
has 10 million drawings on file,
many of them long obsolete.
Agrees With Others
His observations and recon-
mendations we're in line with
those Of other congressional
committees this year, notably
the House Armed Services
Committees Subcommittee on
Investigations. That subcom-
mittee. headed by Representa-
tive Herbert. Dem ocrat OF
Louisiana. held extensive hear
ings on military procurement
methods. On several occasions
it urged the Pentagon to trim
and unity its paperwork.
Billions of dollars could be
saved" Senator Smathers said
yesterday, IF practical, effici-
ent purchasing methods re-
placed the military procure
ment systems which should
have been retired from the
armed forces along with the
three-masted man-of-war and
the smooth-bore musket."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-01
Rummoee Sole

st. Luke's Methodist Church,
Wisconsin avenue and Calvert
street NV, will feature a
rum m age sale Tuesday
through Thursday in the
church basement. Proceeds
from the sale will go to the
church building fund.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-01
BY JOSEPH YOUNG
Star Staff Writer

The House Civil Service Sub
committee on Manpower has
asked the Defense Department
to tighten up its policies to pre-
vent the use of military person.
mel in civilian jobs.
In a letter to Assistant Secre-
tary of Defense Carlisle Runge,
Representative Davis, Democrat
Of Georgia, chairman of the
House manpower unit, declared:
I'VE note in all the activities
a larger number Of military
personnel on board than was
authorized by the stating pat
terms; whereas. generally, the
reverse was true Of civilian per-
sonnet"
The House unit gave several
examples of what it said was
the trend Of military replacing
civilians in civil service Jobs.
The Air Force Logistics
Command has a program which
will displace several hundred
experienced career civilians
with military personnel in it's
depots' base and transient
maintenance units" Mr.. Davis
declared. "At March Air Force
Base, airmen are replacing CT
villain electricians. carpenters,
painters. etc. Civilian bus driv-
ers at Fort Dix have been re-
placed by enlisted men"
Mr.. Davis continued, THE
number of civilian quality con-
troll inspectors at Army's Red
stone Arsenal is being reduced,
A reorganization of the In
spector General function in the
Air Force is resulting in a re-
quirement for more Air Force
officers for fewer experienced
civilians. And, the Army has
now adopted a policy Of using
its officers in place of civilian
historians to write the medical
history Of World War IL"
Il
HEALTH REGISTRATION
Starting tomorrow and con-
tinuing for two weeks October
2 to 16) Government employees
will have a chance to change
their present health insurance
policies If they so choose.
Employees desiring to switch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-01
Delivers Telegrams

Hayden Burns, chairman Of
the United States Conference
Of Mayors, then handed Mr.
Brandt the 572 kilograms
many OF them written in Ger
Evening star., 1961-08-27
He Didn't Make 1t

1t is hard to know exactly what to
say about the anonymous young East
German who has Just been shot to
death by his compatriotS equally
youthful members of the Communist
run peoples Poliee") while attempting
to swim to liberty in West Berlin. The
rain of bullets was too much for him.
The Red guardians of totalitarian law
were up there on bridge, and they saw
him, and they let him have it before
he had a chance to get across the
small body of water separating the city'S
free sectors from the prison that exists
behind the Iron Curtain that has been
clamped down at the Brandenburg Gate.
Still, even though he didn't make
it, this young mah-in the tragedy that
became the be-all and end-au of him
attained certain heroic stature, wholly
apart from the tears undoubtedly shed
for him by his close friends and nearest
kin. Some day, not improbably, novel
could be written about him, or a play,
with the theme centering on his
yearning to attain freedom at whatever
risk, only to be destroyed by persons
Of his own age who might have been,
under other circumstances, his COM
panions-aS eager as he to swim to
liberty. This is tragedy in its truly
classical form, and the Kremlin will be
eternally the villain in it.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Another Bay Bridge?

Governor Tawes, in ordering study
of plans for a second bridge across
Chesapeake Bay, has made move that
will be seconded by the many motorists
who have encountered the weekend
tieupS on the present span. Conditions
each summer have been getting worse
with the growth of traffic to and from
Eastern Shore resorts. The granddaddy
of all traffic jams on the bridge occurred
recently, with traffic backed up for
seven miles at the eastern approaches.
AS the Governor told Roads Com
mission Chairman Funk, it is not too
soon to begin planning for a second
crossing, for it will take years to trans
form plans into reality Meanwhile,
traffic loads are sure to increase with
the completion of new expressways
linking Washington to resort highways.
And the sorry outlook in the meantime
is for bigger and worse tieupS on the
relatively new but too-narrow bridge
at Sandy Point
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Daring to Defy Hoffo

In ordinary circumstances, the
rank-and-file vote of 1000 union mem
berS in Cincinnati in favor of breaking
away from their international union
would receive relatively little public
attention. The circumstances of the
Cincinnati voting in this case, however,
are not exactly ordinary.
This is so, first of all, because the
unioniStS involved are members of four
locals of the powerful TeamsterS' Inter
national, largest single labor union in
the country. 1t is so, Furthermore,
because their vote of disqualification"
was in direct protest against the ad-
ministration of James r. Hoffa, teamSter
president, and in support of one of
Mr.. Hoffa'S most persistent and coura-
geouS opponents in the teamster ranks,
James Luken. AS president of the
Greater Cincinnati Transfers Council
and of the Cincinnati local of dairy
drivers, Mr.. Luken has been fighting
the Hoffa administration since 1854
Early last month, at the unions national
convention in Miami Beach, he was
floor leader in the unsuccessful effort
to depoSe the controversial Mr.. Hoffa
and to elect Milton j. LisS of Newark,
N. j., as president of the union. The
fact that Mr.. Hoffa won that round
with strong armed ease, being reelected
for five-year term at a higher salary
and with increased authority, obviously
was not the end for Mr. Luken.
1t would be unrealistic to say that
the Cincinnati revolt of 1000 against
the teamsters' claimed strength of
nearly IL million is by itself dangerous
setback to Mr.. Hoffa. Even when added
to other lesser revoltS of recent weeks
in Chicago, San Francisco, Philadelphia
and st. Louis, for example-the record
does not yet indicate that Mr.. Hoffa
is in immediate, or even near-term,
deep trouble. And yet the very fact that
Mr.. Hoffa'S acknowledged power and
his normally ruthless exercise Of it
against any opposition are not enough
to COW dissenting local leaders or their
ranK-and-file followers is a favorable
commentary on the spirit and the
principles Of these disSenterS.
In a recent letter to The Star
Secretary of Labor Goldberg discussed
this matter of Mr.. Hoffa, his "exag-
gerated claims" and his "unwarranted"
boasts that he will take over the Amer
lean labor movement. He added then
that there is quality in the American
Evening star., 1961-08-27
so Years Ago

The District Government
issued a proud report so
years ago on its efforts to
keep the city's 100000 trees
healthy. The Star of August
IL. 1911, quoted Trueman
Lanham, superintendent of
trees and parking, to the ef-
feet that the tussock moth
and caterpillar had practi-
cally disappeared, thanks to
careful spraying, and that
the trees were in the best
shape in Is years. Trees
that have been planted this
year include elms, lindenS,
Norway and sugar naples,
pin, red and scarlet oaks and
the Ginkgo, a japanese tree
that has rare foliage. The
silver leaf maple is being
discarded, suffering the same
fate as the ashleaf maple,
the Carolina poplar and the
honey locust: :"
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Prince Edward RuIino

The decision by Judge Oren Lewis
In the Prince Edward school case GER
tainly could not have come as a surprise
For if anything has been made clear
over the years it is that the Supreme
Courts deSegregation ruling cannot be
evaded or circumvented by devices
which use public funds to avoid COM
pliance with final deSegregation order.
After integration had been ordered,
Prince Edward County in Southside
Virginia closed its public schools. A
private school system was set up for
white children. There was an offer to
provide similar facilities for colored
children, but this was rejected by Negro
leaders in the community. The result
was education for white children; no
education for colored
During the first year the white
private schools were supported by vol
untary contributions. AS yet, there has
been no court ruling which would in
validate this procedure. After the first
year, however, tuition charges were
assessed against white students, and
these were financed through a combi-
nation of tuition grants with public
funds and tax rebates to contributors.
The effect of Judge Lewis ruling is that
these two devices can no longer be
employed as long as public schools
remain closed. He did not rule on the
! contention that Prince Edward should
be compelled to operate public schools,
and this question presumably will be
tested now in the Virginia State courts.
For Prince Edward, however, the
immediate impact is clear If it wants
to get out of the business of publicly
financed education, it must get all the
way out. Half-in-and-half-o measures
are not permissible. Spokesman for the
private school system say they will con-
tinue, as planned, to make private
education available. To do this, how
ever, the necessary funds must be raised
through private donations Whether
this can be done, and for how long, is,
to say the least, uncertain.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
rs Years Ago

Kansas Gov. ALI Landon,
Republican choice 25 years
ago to take on Champ"
Franklin D. Roosevelt, spoke
of frontiers" in a scathing
attack on the New Deal in
his first Eastern campaign
speech. Speaking at West
Middlesex, Pa, Landon was
quoted by The Star of Au-
gust %, 1886: THE frontier
of new wants points the way
to a better standard of liv-
ing in this country. The
choice now before our coun-
try is the choice between
the pig n-the-poke policies
of the present administra-
ton and those American in
stitutions under which we
have enjoyed more liberty
and attained a higher stand
ard of living than any other
people in the world. :"
Evening star., 1961-08-27
Couqht in q yam

I happened to get caught
in the traffic jam over the
Chesapeake Bay bridge on
Sunday. 1t took us one hour
and fifty minutes from Kent
Island Inlet to the bridge
approaches - a distance of
four or five miles.
Once on the bridge the
traffic jam didn't exist, and
at the toll booths hardly the
normal traffic was passing
through, and no cars lined
up. This indicated to me very
poor police direction of the
traffic, as they could have
Speeded it up immeasurably.
This was at 5 pm.
AS a suggestion, signs
should be posted beginning a
mile or so from the bridge,
Have Your Dollar Ready for
the Collector" or words to
that effect. They should
charge those without proper
change 50.
Evening star., 1961-08-27

the Carolina and Georgia
coasts. 1t is well known now
that Gen. Beauregard's forces
at Manassas, previous to
(Gen. joel Johnston's ar
rival, were comparatively
small, and even after John
ston came, the combined
army could not have exceeded
10000 effective men. Since
the battle, we have good rea-
son to believe that Beaure-
gard and Johnston have un-
der their command much
more than 100000 men,
enough for all practical pur'
poses. 1t is not the want of
men that has prevented an
advance, but the lack of
means of transportation and
the lack of food, coupled with
sickness. Beauregard has
been almost wholly without
means of transportation for
his vast army, and proper
food, In sufficient quantity,
as we have reason to believe.
And men who fought the
great fight at Bull Run and
came out of it without so
much as a scratch, were in
no condition to do military
duty for many days. With
little food Of suitable quality,
fatigued, worn down, they
were in no condition to ad-
vance. In fact, very many of
them have been sick since
the fight, and it is but truth
to say that they, as we'll
as the wounded, have not
had proper attention from
the medical department,
which, so far as we can
learn, was organized in the
very worst manner, if indeed
it can be said to have had
any organization at all. . :"
1t is easy to understand why
Sherman called war hell"
after reading this description
of conditions at Bull Run
weeks after the battle:
q. ~. The atmosphere is i'm
pregnated with all kinds of
impurities, arising from the
battlefield and the camp. The
fetid odors proceeding from
Evening star., 1961-08-27

prehension of spiritual things
is in going on to ever widen
ing ideas of the God who is
hidden in the mystery be-
yond our understanding.
They chiseled on Newton'S
tomb the boastful words
Nature and natures ldiDS lay
hid in night;
God said, let NeDton be and
all tDGS light.
But, that is merely a
graveyard exaggeration. New
ton was not a searchlight-
only a candle. He, himself,
once said that he was as but
a little child picking up peb-
bleS on the shore of the vast
unending sea of the un-
known. But even the pebbles
are Stepping-Stones to great
er revelations. Never must we
forget that the wisest man
never gets beyond saying,
How Great Thou Art"
If I could select a book
to be required reading for
the questing and question
ing mind OF this day. I
would designate a little vol
ume entitled, Your God Is
Too Small" by j. j. Phillips.
He helps sincere souls in
their cropping for something
really far too big ever to be
forced into little man-made
boxes with their neat labels.
For instance, here is one of
his deep inSightS-"Some in
adequate ideas of God are
based on too tiny a founda-
ton. 1t is not sufficient to
conceive God as nothing
more than an infinitely
magnified man. Why bother
with a God who is no bigger
than our grasp?"
A tiny girl came home
from her very first day at
school. Her father asked,
well Bonnie, what did you
learn today?" Nothing"
she answered, "I've got to
go back tomorrow" Yes, al
ways, there is a larger reve-
lation waiting tomorrow, and
in a thousand tomoTows.
All this is but to say
that the true and satisfying
conception of God is revealed
in, and by, Jesus Christ. We
cannot front Him without
acknowledging His Father,
and ours, How Great Thou
Art" And when we say that,
as Paul Scherer puts it in a
lovely sentence, I'VE see God
walking down the stairs of
Heaven with a baby in His
arms" In that picture there
is a greatness we can never
grasp, for that God and that
child staggerS our thoughts
with an immensity of mean
ing that sets us singing,
How Great Thou Art"
So here is the truth in a little
creed,
Enough for all the UdyS We
90.
In loUe is all the ldtD tDe need,
In Christ is all the God De
knoD.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
100 Years Ago
George w. knight.

Ar m n q IT generals IN
Northern and Southern news
paper offices were not alto
gether pleased with the way
the Civil War was going a
century ago. Pen-prodding
Yankee editors urged the
Army of the Potomac to get
ION to Richmond" Their
early infatuation with Gen.
George Mcclellan, of whom
they expected great deeds,
was wearing thin. They
thought it was time he stop
ped parading his troops in and
around Washington and take
the field. Mcclellan, wanting
his army in Al shape be-
fore committing it, was an
noyed but unmoved. His
critics said he wouldn't bulge
if he found so much as a
single loose spoke in one Of
his supply wagons. The Con-
federate Army was getting
similar treatment from the
Dixie press, there being acrid
comment about failure to fol-
low up Bull Runs victory
with a march on the Capital.
The wisdom of an assault
on Washington was ques-
toned, however, in cor
respondence The Star of Aug
ust %, 1861, reprinted from
the New Orleans Picayune:
&c. Would not a march on
Washington tend to awaken
anew Northern enthusiasm?
Would it not help Old Abe
to recruit his army and raise
funds? But if we remain
strictly upon our defense,
fighting only for our legiti-
mate bounds. will it not dis
arm Old Abe of one Of his
most powerful appeals to the
North? .. We can defend
ourselves. Do we want moreP
Will the North, if convinced
that we can defend ourselves,
not yield? :" The Au-
gusta (GaO Chronicle and
Sentinel saw it this way:
a. We claim to be the
superiors of, the Northmen
in every respect, and we are.
But we. have got to prove it
to their satisfaction before
we can expect peace. 1t is the
policy and fixed determine
ton of our government to
advance, and, if possible;
to bring the war to an end
before the cool weather, the
recruiting of the enemy, and
his preparation of sufficient
transportation shall enable
him to make an invasion OF
Evening star., 1961-08-27
The u. N. in Donoer

In his annual report to the General
ASSembly-which is scheduled to begin
its 18th regular session on September
19-Secretary General Dag Hammar-
skiold has flatly warned that the United
Nations is in danger of being destroyed
by Soviet attacks on it, Although he
has used dry-aS-dust diplomatic Ian
guage and avoided referring directly
to either the Kremlin or Nikita Khru-
Shchev, he has left no room for doubt
that acceptance Of the latter'S demand
for an administrative upheaval in the
U. N. could readily bring about the
downfall OF the world organization.
The soundneSs of this warning is
beyond question. For what the Soviet
Premier wants to do, quite obviously,
is to reduce the U. N.-ASSembly and
Security Council alike-to complete
impotency. He would accomplish this
by booting out Mr.. HammarSkjold and
replacing the Secretary's office with a
three-man directorate made up of a
"neutraliSt," WeSterner and a Com
munist, each of whom would have a
veto power over all matters of import
ance. Almost needless to say, a great
deal Of mental density would be re-
quired to keep any grown-up anywhere
from detecting how such multi-headed
executive agency could be rendered
thoroughly incapable of dealing effec-
lively with various types of international
crisis, including the supremely dan
gerouS situation in Berlin.
Yet Mr.. Khrushchev appears to
be immovably insistent upon doing away
with the U. N. Secretariat and estab-
fishing his troika setup in its place-a
setup of three political horses, each of
a different color, and each free to
gallop off, capriciously and wantonly,
in every direction regardless of what
the others choose to do. Certainly, with
the troika's members thus empowered to
veto anything and act in whatever way
they please, the U. MS administrative
machinery would be so monStrouSly
unWorkable as to make a pitiful mock
cry OF both the Assembly and the
Security Council. The mere fact that
OAAS AAASAA Va IA4C III CIlIA4ll
such an arrangement lends strong
support to the suspicion that they may
actually want to "liquidate" the United
Nations because its parliamentary pro-
ceedingS and its courses of action have
too often frustrated their plans.
In view of all this, it is altogether
diScouraging to note that many of the
So-called "neutralist" Afro-ASian mem
berS have proposed a compromise
that would retain the office of the
Secretary of General but still establish
a troika of deputies whose veto power
would insure kind of potential built
in chaos in the U. N. Such a "com-
promise" which lacks the virtue (if it
may be called that) of being as crudely
fortnight as the Kremlin's arrogant
plan, hardly deserves respectful atten-
ton. Its SponSorS-Who never seem to
realize or care much about American
reactions that could be decisive-are
those who also favor admitting Red
China. Maybe they, quite as much as
Mr.. Khrushchev, if not more so, are
endangering the life of the United
Nations. In any case, they certainly
are not strengthening it.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
CORES Goal Defined
A.. r.. C..

In Sundays Star you
printed several letters under
the heading Tactical Err
ror?" which criticize CORE
for claw defiance" Your
readers should realize that
CORE is not defying all
laws, but only those racially
restrictive laws, such as the
segregated seating law in
Virginia, which it believes to
be just as immoral and un-
constitutional as the Segre-
gated school laws which the
United States Supreme Court
struck down in 1854. At the
time of the sit-in demon
StrationS last summer Com
monwealth's Attorney Ed
ward Fitzgerald Of Fairfax
County maintained that it
would be illegal for restau-
rants to desegregate. How
ever he quickly changed his
mind when the restaurants
decided to deSegregate any,
way. Were the restaurants
guilty of law defiance?"
There is a drive-in theater
in Manassas which is de-
segregated. but Negroes are
excluded from drive-in thea
ters in Arlington and Fairfax
Counties. Is the Manassas
drive-in theater guilty of
law defiance?" Would the
Fairfax County theaters be
guilty of law defiance" if
they let Negroes drive in
along with whites?
Laws are passed by Legis-
latures. and in many States
the Legislature is dominated
by sparsely populated rural
areas which are outrageously
over-represented. 1t is almost
impossible to correct this
situation because under the
law only the Legislature can
act to reapportion or redis-
trict the legislature. So there
are some cases when law
defiance" is a good thing,
but of course it should be
non-violent, and this is the
cardinal principle of CORES
teaching.
Charles w. Cobb, jr.
Evening star., 1961-08-27
FROM THE STAR FILES. =.

the decaying bodies of men
and beasts, and the offal and
filth of camp, are enough
to produce fevers and epi-
denies. He who has never
visited a fresh battlefield and
a camp on a grand scale
can never imagine the i'm
mense amount of decaying
matter scattered about. This
putrid mass. exposed to the
burning heats of August and
September, must have a very
deleteriouS effect upon the
health of the soldier. The
filth at Manassas is beyond
cOnception.