davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-13
WIsCaIIed
Laxon PdYoffs
By the Associated Press

Senate investigators today
accused naval officials of
showing a lack of concern
about payoffs and influence
deals involving some civilian
employees.
A report filed with the Sen
ate by Senator Mcclellan,
Democrat of Arkansas, said
his Senate Investigations Sub
committee had disclosed situa-
tionS which could have en-
dangered the lives of those
aboard improperly repaired
ships.
The report formally wound
up the Subcommittee's investi-
cation of the big Atlantic Coast
headquarters base for the Mill
tary Sea Transportation Serv.
ice. a naval agency, in Brooklyn
The subcommittee called fol-
prosecutions by the Justice De-
partment, a study of the in
come tax returns of a number
OF witnesses and a possible
blacklisting of some ship repair
firms.
MSTS runs a big fleet of yes.
sells which ferry men and ma.
terial to and from military
bases in many sections of the
world. The fleet is being en-.
larged for possible emergency
duty in the Berlin crisis.
The unanimous report sai6
the inquiry was undertaken be.
Evening star., 1961-09-13

themselves, the report con-
tinued:
THE lack of concern. the
lack of even knowledge Of this
atmosphere is a matter OF grave
disturbance to this subcom-
lmittee."
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Kennedy Signs 3 Bills
ToAidFiehton Rockets

members who sponsored the
legislation, watched as the
President signed the measures.
These pieces of legislation, /"
the President said, "are the
elimination, in these three
areas, of years of effort by the
Federal Government and by
the Congress to place more ef-
fective tools in the hands of
local, State and national po-
lice"
Evening star., 1961-09-13

cause of reports that payoffs
and influence deals were result
ing in inferior work on MSTS
vessels which could cause the
loss of life or valuable cargo"
''The basic allegations were
in fact true" the report went
on.
The report said the investiga-
ton showed improper financial
dealings by MSTs personnel,
and also Ewed the e was
customery for ship repair COM
panies to shower them with
gifts.
Declaring that naval officials
no specific officials were
named-Should have discovered
and corrected the situation
Evening star., 1961-09-13
India Rudio Jubilee

NEW DELHI-All-India Ra-
dio, the Statte-owned broad
casting service which recently
celebrated its 25th anniversary,
now numbers % transmitting
stations. AIR. broadcasts in
IA major Indian languages, so
lialectS, and 80 tribal tongues.
Evening star., 1961-09-13

President Kennedy today
signed into law three bills which
he said he hopes will aid the
country 'in the fight against
organized crime"
The measures ban interstate
travel in support of racketeer-
ing enterprises, interstate trans
mission of gambling informa-
ton and interstate transporta-
ton of betting paraphernalia.
While falling short of At
torney General Robert Ken
nedy's recommendations, the
three new laws were hailed by
the White House as "the most
legislation in the crime field
since 1884"
-Four other anti-crime bills
sponsored by the Justice De-
partment still are pending in
House committees, and another
has been passed by the House
and is pending in the Senate.
The interstate travel measure
signed today is aimed at per-
sons involved in narcotics.
gambling, prostitution and
liquor enterprises which violate
State or Federal laws.
Law Many Sided 4
The new law prohibits dis
tributing the proceeds of such
an enterprise; committing a
crime of violence to further the
enterprise, and promoting,
m ana ging, establishing or
carrying on the enterprise. 1t
provides a maximum penalty
of five years in prison and a
fine of $4,000.
Another measure bans the
use of wire facilities to trans
nit bets or betting information
by gamblers. 1t carries a maxi
mum penalty of two years in
prison and a $40, 900 fine.
The other new law makes 1t
a felony to send betting records
or materials for bookmaking
sports gambling pools and
numbers rackets in interstate
commerce or in the mail. 1t
provides maximum penalty OF
five years in prison and a $10,-
600 fine.
Hoover Looks On
Attorney General Kennedy
and FBI Director ]. Edgar
Hoover, along with a biparti-
san group Of Senate and House
Evening star., 1961-09-13
Hoover Looks On

Attorney General Kennedy
and FBI Director ]. Edgar
Hoover, along with a biparti-
san group of Senate and House
Evening star., 1961-08-06

mel have become rich and pros
porous, while England's economy
once the strongest in the world
has swung like a pendulum from
one crisis to the next.
The continents prosperity has
been due largely to the European
Economic Community (known as
the Common Market) made up Of
West Germany, France, Italy, and
the Benelux nations. Ever since
the Market was formed in 1857,
tariffs among the six have been
abolished, labor freely inter-
changed, and capital invested in
such a way that the overall eco
nomy of the Common Market has
grown by about 5 per cent per
year-twice as fast as England's.
England tried to meet the Mar
ket's challenge in 1859 by setting
up the European Free Trade AS
sociation with Austria, Denmark,
Norway. Portugal, Sweden, and
Switzerland. But the Free Trade
Association has never been the
Markets equal. Lacking the
resources, the Trade Association
found last year that its trade was
equal only to 40 per cent of its
competitors,
Evening star., 1961-08-06
The TrrituntS:

President Kennedy repeated two
Of these in his speech two weeks
ago when he said the West might
be willing to remove "irritants" in
West Berlin and to reduce Soviet
fears about security dangers In
Central and Eastern Europe.
The "irritants" are presumably
the large amount Of propaganda
and intelligence activities in the
city.
By reducing fears" in Central
and Eastern Europe, the United
States might be ready to recognize
the Oder-NeiSse line in the East
as the German-Polish border, de-
spite West German objections.
President Kennedy has made it
clear that the Vests chief con-
Germ in Germany is the freedom
of the West Berliners. Premier
KhruShchev has indicated his
main interest is recognition Of the
East German regime.
There are some Western Off
cialS who believe a compromise
can be reached on the basis Of
these concerns. They feel the
West should be prepared to recog-
nize the East Germans de facto
in return for a treaty affirming
its rights in West Berlin.
Evening star., 1961-08-06

In addition to diplomatic con-
tingencies, the Western ministers
in Paris also are discussing the
United States request that it's
allies match the military steps
taken last week by Washington.
Although Premier Khrushchev
was reported as angry" at the
United States military buildup,
the Soviet Union has not directly
commented on it, other than to
criticize what it calls a war
psychosiS" in the United States.
Mr.. Khrushchev may have more
to say about this in a speech he
will deliver tomorrow.
Meanwhile, the situation in
East Germany was reported grow
ing more tense. Last month 30,444
refugees crossed into West Berlin,
the highest total since 1858 when
the East Germans revolted briefly
against the Communist regime.
The East German boss, Walter
Ulbricht, was in Moscow last week,
presumably to ask Mr.. Khru-
shchev for permission to seal the
borders and prevent any more de-
fections. Such an extreme move,
however, probably would increase
Evening star., 1961-08-06

further, the fact that it would
still be left to Congress to draw
the line in limiting the borrowing
authority.
In general the loans would work
like this: 5000 million this year
for and SIG billion in each Of the
next four years to be financed
by borrowing from the Treasury
in lieu of annual appropriations.
An additional $500 million in loan
each year.
This part Of the bill easily
aroused opposition as ''back-door"
financing without proper regard
for Congress carefully guarded
role as watchdog of the Nations
money. A suggested compromise
would allow the loans to be made
as the administration requested
with approval Of q kind Of con-
tinuing basis by House and Senate
appropriations committees but
there is no indication that this
will really be acceptable to either
side. Congressional leaders pledged
themselves to fight for the original
version before the debate began.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Accomplishments

To insure the dollars and the
deeds, Congress, the President and
the Pentagon went right to work
and by this last weeks close this
had been done:
. The Senate passed a $46.8 bill
lion defense appropriation, larger
than any peace-time military
expenditure in our history.
0 Action was completed on new
81 billion weapons procurement
measure to increase by that
amount the Nations supply of
missiles, planes and ships. (Mili-
tary procurement authorization
bills are separate from appropria-
tions meaSureS0
. The President signed the basic
defense bill which gave him au-
thority to call up $500 military
reservistS to active duty for a year.
Q The Pentagon gave the most
definite air of reality to the crisis
when it sent out notices on Tues
day advising "a Air National
Guard and seven Air Reserve
units throughout the country to
be ready for a call to active duty
About $4,000 men were affected.
They operate about 750 airplaneS.
. A House Military Operations
Subcommittee began hearings on
an additional $207 million civil
defense appropriation for the next
fiscal year. (The sum is included
in the S46 billion defense ap-
nrnnriatinn bill \
Evening star., 1961-08-06
The USSR::


The Soviet Union last week
released the contents of its
latest party program, designed
to chart the course by which it
will progress from Socialism" to
communism" The program
emphasized Premier Khru-
Shchev's policy of "coexistence"
with the West, and promised
the Soviet public standard Of
living within 20 years that will
SurpaSs the. United States.
On July 80, 1903, about so Rus
sian Marxists left their places of
exile throughout Europe and con-
verged on a flea-infested ware
house in Brussels. The occasion
was the opening of the Second
Party Congress of the Social DEM
ocratic Labor Party. The purpose:
to draft a party program.
The leader of these self-pro-
claimed revolutionaries was a for
mer Simbirsk lawyer named Vladi-
mir Ilich Illianov known in politi-
cal circles as Lenin. He was an
editor of the party newspaper,
"Iskra." (the Spark and when
an theological split developed
after the Congress, he became the
leader Of the BolShevik Majority
wing of the partv
The fleas and prying Belgian
detectives became so oppressive,
however, that after 13 sessions,
the S-D's left Brussels and re-
convened their Congress in a Lon
don church hall where the pro-
gram finally was adopted.
Following MARKHAM preceptS, the
Continued on Page b.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Foreign Aid:
Compromise?

Until the defense bills came
along the most urgent bill before
Congress was the foreign aid
measure. Last week the Senate
began debate on it.
Chairman Fulbright of the Sen
ate Foreign Relations Committee,
led off the debate on Friday after
noon. Known as a critic of certain
aspects Of our foreign aid pro-
gram, the Senator gave the bill
his Endorsement. He went right
into the heart of the most con-
troversial aspect of the measure
the authorization for President
Kennedy to borrow $8.8 billion
over a five-year period for eco
nomic loans abroad.
Senator Fulbright denied that
there is any danger Of executive
usurpation of congressional spend
ing control. He said a permanent
. law known as the Government
Corporation Control Act contains
an explicit provision that the
use of borrowed funds in any
agency may be limited by Con-
gress from year to year. He cited,
Evening star., 1961-08-06
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Congress Response
On Defense Impressive

Congress pushed ahead with
the administrations stepped-up
defense program with passage Of
several integral bills.
In the two weeks since President
Kennedy asked the country to 60
back to an almost full wartime
military strength there has been
so favorable a response as to sur
prise and please even the oldest
and most hardened veterans of
Capitol Hill crises.
Keyed to the Berlin threat but
clearly intended to stop the forced
march Of communism in other
places in the world, the Kennedy
program was designed to give us
a military flexibility we have not
had in recent years. Further, it
made the prospect of achieving
this seem worth the sacrifices in
spending, in manpower, and in
risks involved.
The first reaction came in the
comments Of opposition political
leaders. The Kennedy ideas were
indorsed; the only reservations
heard from the Republican Spokes-
men were suggestions that domeS-
tic spending be held to a minimum,
but not even that reservation was
in any way acrimonious.
A torrent of editorial backing
came from the Nations newspa-
pers: If we retreat from Berlin,
where later will we stand? We
shall, If necessary lay our lives on
the line so that Khrushchev shall
not deny their (the BerlinersO
choice to be free He (the PreSi-
sdent) must now be supported by
dollars and deeds.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
May Lose Vote

United States officials told Mr..
Chen that if Nationalist China
continued to veto Mongolia'S
membership, the IL former French
colonies already in the U. N. may
vote-more in anger than prin-
ciple-for Red China to replace
Nationalist China. This may
swing the vote against the United
States position. \
Thus, these officials said, the
United States is willing to see
Outer Mongolia admitted as part
Of a package deal with Mauri-
tania. Mr.. Chen would not bulge
from the Nationalist veto stand:
Mr.. Chen also expressed dis
pleasure at recent United States
Mongolian talks in Ulan Rator
concerning possible exchanges of
diplomatic missions. Some Ameri-
can officials believe a listening
post" in Ulan Bator would be help
full in keeping track of Sino-
Soviet relations.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
China:
Reinsurance

After a three-day visit here
by Chen Chang, vice president
and Premier Of Nationalist
China, the United States last
week re-affirmed its opposition
to the seating of Red China in
the United Nations.
When the Nationalist Govern
ment was forced to flee China in
1949. it lost almost everything but
Taiwan and its seat in the United
Nations.
American naval forces have
protected the island from the Red
Chinese, and for 10 years the
United States has used it's politi-
cal guns to keep a Communist
from the U. N. seat.
The Nationalists, however, who
have keen ear for such rumors,
heard about a month ago that the
United States, faced with growing
U. N. support for Red China, was
about to suggest that both Chinas
be seated in the world body.
Immediately, they sent a pro-
test to Washington and issued
statement accusing the U. S. of
trying to sell out its best Asian
friend. Washington called home
Ambassador Drumwright for talks,
and then invited Premier Chen
for a general discussion of the
whole China issue.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Exports Oft

English leaders were concerned
not only at the sluggiShneSs of
Britain's export trade-the tariff
wall around it virtually froze
England out of the prosperous
continental market-but felt that
a Europe divided by the Market
and Trade Association could lead
only to political disharmony at
time when a united West was
needed to face the Communist
challenge.
When England'S trade deficit
reached a new high of 1868 mti-
lion last year, Prime Minister
Macmillan ordered a study
launched into the advisability of
joining the Common Market.
Despite emotional outcries (Such
as the woman who wrote a news
paper that she wanted her son to
grow up British and not Euro
pean"D, it seemed only a matter
of time before England took the
historic step.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Britain:
A New Role

Prime Minister Macmillan
told the House Of Commons last
week that his government in
tended to negotiate for mem
bership in the European Com
mon Market. Commons ap-
proved the action.
This precious stone set in the
SilUer sea
Which SerUeS it In the office
of q tDdll
or as a nloGt detenSiUe to a
house
Against the enUy or less hap
pier lands,
This blessed plot, this earth,
this realm, this England.
Richard II.
In recent years, the "less happier
lands" across the English Chan
Evening star., 1961-08-06
1859 Proposals

Such de facto recognition was
implicit in the 1859 Western pro-
posals. Under that plan, Berlin'S
freedom would have been guar
anteed by the United Nations as
the first step in the eventual uni
fication Of Germany. This unfit
cation would have taken place
after representatives from both
Germanys had discussed eStab-
fishing a single government.
Evening star., 1961-08-06

Parliament that England would
not join the Common Market un-
less she obtained satisfactory ar
rangementS to meet the special
needs Of the United Kingdom, of
the Commonwealth and the Euro
pean Free Trade Association"
Faced with England's decision,
the Trade Association announced
that all its members were inves-
tigating the possibility of joining
the Market themselves.
While most people were still dis
cusSing the economic significance
of the move. some observers saw
England'S decision as a step on
the road to a political federation
of Europe-now considered even
more of a possibility.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Already Enacted

With the prospect Of only a few
more measures being enacted it
was revealing to get a preliminary
view of what kind of session this
has been by a quick rundown of
the bills on which action has been
completed. Here they are - big
and little-important and not-so-
important:
l. Expanded Federal unemploy-
ment compensation.
2. Emergency feed grain pro-
gram.
8. Senate ratification Of the
convention of the DECD.
4. Reinstatement of Presidents
reorganization authority.
S. A 1894 million distressed
areas program.
6. Temporary help to needy
children Of unemployed.
7. Improvements in Minimum
Wage Law.
8. Additional Federal judge
ships.
9. Extension of Railroad Unem-
ployment Compensation Act.
10. Ratification of treaty with
Canada on Columbia River de-
velopment.
II. Extension of Sugar Quota
Act to June 80, 1862.
IL. Unified tax treatment on
earning assets of foreign central
banks.
10. Authorized continued sale
of surplus farm crops for local
currencies.
IA. Ratified German bond treaty.
is. Ratified extradition treaty
with Brazil.
16. Ratified load-line conven-
tion affecting shipping.
II. Ratified oil pollution treaty.
18. Appropriated $500 million
Continued on Page b.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Bombers Win

The defense appropriation bill
had no real trouble in the Senate.
Senator Proxmire, Democrat of
Wisconsin, offered an amendment
to eliminate the $525 million
marked for continued production
Of manned bombers. The amend
ment drew only four votes. A total
Of 81 voted to keep the money
for the bimberS. The administra-
ton had made no requests to con-
tinue the bomber production. In
fact a letter from Defense Secre-
tary Mcnamara was read by Sena-
tor Proxmire. It said the admin
istration considered the bomber
increase unnecessary.
But so strong was the Senate
desire to cover every potential de-
fense that the money for the rela-
lively old-f a Shioned manned
bomber wartime defense stayed
in the bill. Strong arguments
have, been made in recent years
that the missile age makes the
manned bomber obsolete.
The House last month approved
a defense bill totaling $40 billion.
1t is expected to agree to
the Senate increases when the
bill reaches the conference stage.
The increase in the Senate bill
came through the Kennedy re-
quest for the $3.4 billion extra.
The defense bill last year to-
tailed $40 billion. The current bill
is slightly higher than even the
Korean war year bill Q952) of $46
billion.
The cost, however, didn't seem
to be worrying Congress too much.
Senator Robertson, Democrat of
Virginia, floor manager Of the bill.
had summed up a considerable
body of opinion when he said in
introducing it:
"Our Nation faces the greatest
crisis in its history"
Evening star., 1961-08-06
u. S. Gesture

President Kennedy had an
nounced the Vests willingness
to talk when he said two weeks
ago: 1--WE are willing to consider
any arrangement or treaty in Ger
many consistent with the mainte-
nance Of peace and freedom, and
with the legitimate security in
tereStS Of all nations"
But despite both sides concilia-
tory statements, neither has re-
vealed any substantial change in
its stand on Germany and Berlin.
The Soviet Union-as its note
Of Friday indicated-still demands
that the West join it in signing
peace treaties with the two Ger
manyS, and in establishing West
Berlin as a "free city" II the
West refuses, the Soviet Union
promises to sign unilaterally with
East Germany.
The West has said it will not
sign q peace treaty until both Ger
manieS are unified through free
elections.
In l959-the last time both sides
discussed the German situation
the West offered certain "conces-
sions'' to the Soviet Union If the
Russians would agree to a step by
step unification Of the country.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Congress-:
Home Stretch

tiOn to defense and interna-
tiOnaI problems, nevertheless
last week was engaged In con-
sidering other measures which
it must act on before adjourn
ment.
With the start Of this session of
Congress, the White House talked
about a 16-point major program.
The list has been expanded con-
siderably since then. In fact it's
be expanded so much that Con-
greSS has been meeting earlier
90 a.m.) and holding some
Saturday sessions recently to try
to catch up.
AS Of yesterday action had been
completed on a total Of SO ad-
ministration bills. Before adjourn
ment it should act on:
Foreign aid.
A basic law for the Peace Corps.
A program Of additional Fed
eral aid to local health facilities.
Extension of Federal aid to local
airport construction.
Adjournment is matter Of
speculation. Some observers feel
the legislators will get away
about Labor day. Others say it
will be nearer September IS.
The list of legislative casualties
is also a matter Of speculation. AS
of yesterday the bills which had
the least chance of success were:
Medical care under Social Secu-
rity.
Postal rate increases.
Creation Of a Department of
Urban Affairs.
The Administrators school aid
bills.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Oppose Reds

In an obvious attempt to placate
Gen. Chang Kai-Shek's govern
ment, President Kennedy af-
firmed in last weeks communique
"the United States determination
to continue to oppose admission of
the Chinese Communist regime to
the United Nations"
Mr.. Chen, however, did not
receive satisfaction on the ques-
tion Of Outer Mongolia, the
Soviet satellite that revolted from
China In 1911 and went Com
munist in 1924.
Because Nationalist China con-
SiderS Outer Mongolia a Com
munist puppet state that right
fully belongs to China, it has
vetoed attempts to seat that far
off land in the United Nations. In
retaliation, the Soviet Union has
blocked the admission of the
former French colony of Mauri-
tania.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
A Brighter Note on Berlin

The Soviet Union last week
. answered the Vests notes on
Germany. Despite q cOneilia-
tory tone in the replies, there
was no indication that the So
Wet Union had changed its fun
damentaI stand ON o German
peace treaty.
E The world watched with interest
last week as diplomats in Paris
and Moscow made plans for what
seemed an inevitable East-WeSt
conference on Germany.
In Paris, Secretary of State
Rusk joined his colleagues from
Britain, France and West Ger
many for o series Of weekend
talks. The content Of the discus
sionS is secret, but their purpose
IS clear ITO consider diplomatic
moves that will forestall q war
over Berlin.
In Moscow, Premier Khrushchev
returned from his Black Sea
vacation and Immediately went
to work. He met with Communist
leaders from satellite countries,
and then talked at length with
Italian Premier Fanfani.
He emphasized to the Italian
leader that I'VE believe that there
viii be no war. A German peace
treaty is necessary, and so are ne
gotiations.
The Soviet Union repeated its
Premier'S words when it said in
its note: '"The Soviet Government
again declares that it is ready for
talks aimed at the conclusion of
a German peace treaty"