davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25
Home Front, June, 1861

THE TRAMP of soldiers feet on WASH
Il ington streets formed only part of
the hubbub as the Nation girded for war.
Some of those soldiers and all their sup
plies had to be mobile. Where the rail-
roads failed to reach, mobility had to be
supplied by horsepower And Washington
was center for training horses as well
as men.
SELLING HORSES FOR THE ARAGY'S
USE-The following are the instructions
from the QuartermaSter General to officers
purchasing horses and mules for transpor-
tation:
you will. at different points. by adver-
tisement invite those who have horses and
mules to sell. to present them at stated days.
when you will be prepared to purchase such
as may be found suited to the wants of the
service. The horses should be sound, free
from all defects whatever. at least 15h
hands high, not more than or less than
years old; and the mules not less than II
hands high, ranging in age from 4 to Q
years."
We are requested to state that the price
paid. delivered in Washington, has lately
varied from $127 to $120-falling; and that
a large number of good horses. II offered to
the Quartermaster In this city. will now be
purchased at similar rates. Those who have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25

Department connected with q small field
telegraphing instrument worked by Mr.. R.
The distance between the instrument thus
elevated and the battery was about half
mile. The altitude attained permitted the
observers to note everything below for many
miles around with great diStinctneSS. The
following dispatch was transmitted to the
President when the balloon was at the
greatest altitude to which it was deemed
necessary to permit it to ascend:
BALLOON ENTERPRISE,
Washington. DC, June 10, 1851
To the President of the United States:
This point Of observation commands an
area near SO miles in diameter The city,
with its girdle of encampments, presents a
superb scene. I have pleasure in sending
you this first dispatch ever telegraphed
from an aerial station, and in acknowledge
ing Indebtedness to your encouragement for
the opportunity Of demonstrating the avail
ability of the science of aeronautics in the
military service of the country.
IS. c. LOWE.
that experiment was made, whether I'M
known atmospheric influences might not
prevent the due operation of electricity in
working the telegraph at high altitude:
which did not prove to be the case, as the
communication between the operators at
the two ends of the wires was as perfect
as though they had been suspended over the
usual poles within is feet of the earth'S
surface.
Doubtless with the aid of powerful tele-
scopes, the use of this balloon will enable
Continued on page Is
SUNDAY. THE STAR MAGAZINE WASHINGTON I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25

ton, s. c., less than a year before. After
the authorities sent him back North, Prof.
Lowe liked to brag that he was the first
prisoner of the Civil War.
The idea now was to interest President
Lincoln in the possibilities of his hydrogen
filled Silken sacks. Prof. Lowe, with Prof
Henry looking encouragingly on, tried
some preliminary runs from the Smith
sonian grounds in mid-June. Then he took
his rope-shrouded silks and wicker basket
to the foot of Capitol Hill, near what is
today the apex of the Federal Triangle,
and started up his portable gas genera
tors.
From The Evening Star. wednesday. June 10. 1861:
THE NEWS HERE
A SUCCESSFUL AND IMPORTANT
EXPERIMENT.-ForS some time past, prep
arationS have been making to introduce
balloons into the service Of the United
States. for the purpose of making Observa-
tons of hostile camps. entertainments mill
tary movements, &c. Yesterday afternoon,
the first practical experiment to that end
was made in the grounds surrounding the
Columbia Armory Professor Lowe, the
ballooniSt, had charge of it, and succeeded
admirably The balloon "a very fine one)
assembled several hundred feet, and was
held at the desired altitude by stout cord.
MI. Lowe was accompanied in the car by
MeSSrS. Geo. H. Burns and ChaS. Robinson.
telegraphers, and two telegraph wires. at
tached to the battery worked in the War
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-06-25

sIAR MAGAZINE, WASHINGTON D. c.. JUNE 90 1891
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

Editors note: Many i'm
seresting and provocative
opinions must be omitted
each week because the
writer fails 10 sign his
or her name and address.
Initials or a penname will
be used upon request but
the sender's real name
and address must also be
included. Send your opin-
ions TO Letters TO the
Editor" The Catholic
Times, Box $50, Column
bus l6, Ohio.
we have constructive Sugges-
tons let's send them to Presi-
dent Kennedy. l know he
would like to know our opin-
ions.
We elected him because we
felt he could do the job. So
let's help him do it by sug-
gestions, not criticism.
Harold e. Parker
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
Church Survey


Two weeks ago the Columbus Area Council OF
Churches conducted a census-survey of the religious
preferences of Columbus residents.
ABOUT 500 OR IS, 900 families in Columbus and
Bexley were included in the survey. The census takers
reported $4,000 families were not home, and 24OO
families refused TO give any information.
The breakdown showed that 69.5 per cent listed
Protestant churches as their religious preference; 10
per cent the Catholic Church; | per cent the Jewish
faith; others 5 per cent.
The shocking statistic however was that 9.5 per
cent OF the people stated they had no church con-
nectlon at all. The national average is only 4 per cent,
so this figure is way above what it should be.
THESE FIGURES CAN BE projected throughout
the Diocese because the average number of Catholics
and other churchgoers is even lower in the less popu.
lated counties.
Such a survey points out again the work that lies
ahead for the Catholic Church in this area. Lay people,
particularly, must intensity their efforts in interest
ing others IN the Church. AS Bishop Sheen has said:
There are millions of Americans who are hungry for
conversion today. The age of Indifference to religion
has ended, But know we that Our Lord has no other
tongue with which to tell of His love in the environ
ment IN which you live, than your own. DO NOT FAIL
THEM" CAT
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
1lualO aistIan
EDITORIALS
Two Meetings

On September 10 our Holy Father, Pope John
XIII, called upon the rulers of nations to face their
responsibilities before the Judgment seat of God and
to promote the cause of peace through free and sin
cere negotiations that Justice and truth shall be vim
dlcated by safeguarding the essential liberties and in
suppreSSible values of every nation and of every human
person
TEN DAYS LATER Soviet Premier Khrushchev
cunningly tried to capitalize on the Pope's plea by set
ting up a news conference" with the two top Russian
newspapers, Pravda and Izvestia. Khrushchev credited
Pope John with talking common sense, and said the
P0ntlff shows appreciation of sane thinking when he
cautions governments against universal catastrophe
and calls on them to recognize the vast responsibility
they bear before history. Such a call is a good sign.
Will such adherentS of the Catholic faith as John Ken
nedy and Konrad Adenauer and others heed the sacred
warning of the Pope of Rome?"
IN H SAME STATEMENT the Communist lead
or said "We have always stressed and are streSSing
that we are for the settlement of all international
questions by negotiation, and we can only welcome
a call for talks in the interest of peace no matter where
IT comes from"
One dismaying report in the New York Times
quoted a high Vatican source" as being "astonished'
that the Soviets would heed the call of the Pope. But
fortunately, the Vatican City daily, Losservafore
Romano, quelled that with an editorial on September
y which told the Soviet Premier that the Church is
not promoting peace on his particular terms. While
noting that Communist authority had for the first
'hhe lSNo6hl~ou Liz 1huIeHS peace CHORUS, tHe eul-
torlal emphasized that the Soviet recognition had been
inspired by powers presumed TO be the promoters
OF International conflict, intent on political division
or complete subservience."
POPE JOHNS RIcINA plea stated Everything
is lost, and lost for everyone by war. Nothing is lost
through peace" AS it stands the statement is true
logically, but history will not LET us forget Mr.. Cham
berlaln returning from Munich in September 1888
trlumphantly waving a piece of paper proclaiming
peace with honor"
THE SOLDERING PolNT TO KEEP in mind is that
we cannot trust the Communists in any statement they
make. And when Khrushchev tells French statesman
Paul Reynaud I'VE want peace, peace, peace We
must acknowledge that peace" has two meanings.
G
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
by FIR. John 3. Sheerin, esp.

write about persons of heroic
sanctity, they are almost with.
out exception writing about
Catholic saints.
THINK IT is interesting
to mention that the great
John Wesley, one of the holi-
est of Protestant leaders, had
reverence for Catholic saints
such as Francis de Sales and
most especially, st. Francis
Xavier. Of that saint he said:
"There is a martyrdom that
seems to me more glorious
than that of st. Peter"
From the Catholic angle,
the ecumenical movement is
based on the fact that there
are sources of holiness in
Professionalism as well as in
the Orthodox churches. There
are branches that have brok-
en- off from the great Tree
and in some mysterious way
these broken branches still
possess some vitality. These
branches are, for instance,
Catholic doctrines, principles
and sacramentS that are still
preserved in Protestant belief
and practice.
Baptism for instance, prop
erly conferred by a Protest
ant minister, does confer de
vine grace. Catholic ecume-
nistS rejoice to find these
sources of spiritual life in
Professionalism and they try to
help in their development.
THE UNFORTUNATE thing
is that alongside these valid
Christian elements certain err
Continued on page 81
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
Making Marriage Click
Destroying Fathers
Authority In Home
by Msgr. Irving A. DeBlanc

ed in the person himself. The
one in authority must himself
submit to the law, he must
first give the example of
obedience.
r RlTY DEMANDS
more from the one who CON-
mands than from the one be-
ing commanded. Autho rit
must be earned or it will not
be effective. Authority de-
ponds greatly on respect. If a
father does not deserve au-
thority a child quickly recog-
nizes this fact.
Authority involves a superb
ority which a person has. II
depends on certain virtues
and because of these virtues
authority comm a n conf
dence, obedience and respect.
Authority is not "given" to
an individual. 1t has to be
cultivated. A person in au-
thority must have moral force
and maturity of character.
without these qualities he
might be in danger of resort
ing to "bossism." This in turn
leads rapidly to a lack Of dis
cipline and hostility on the
part of the child.
True, when fathers lack
proper virtues many conven-
iently abdicate their role and
hand over the responsibility
of education and authority to
the mother. But this is little
consolation for a child who
needs both parents after birth
as he needed them before
birth.
IT MUST BE emphasized
that where authority is in
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
The Ynrdstick
Wages, Prices And
The Common Good
by Msgr. George G.. Higgins

Several times in recent
weeks, spokesman for the
Administration, including
the President h i m S e
have exhorted labor and
management to relate their
wage and price decisions to
the needs of the common
good.
This is sound advice, par
ticularly at a time when the
chips are down and the stakes
are so high in the field of
international relations.
The A d i nistration's re-
peated emphasis on this point
would seem to be in line with
the teaching of Pope John
XXIITs new social encyclical,
Mater ct MagistFs, on the sub
iect of wages and prices.
THE NEW ENcYcLlcAL.
reaffirms and Celebrates up
on the teaching of Rerum
NovarUm and Qvadrasesime
Ammo on the just wage, with
special emphasis on the ne
cessity of gearing wages to
the demands of the common
good. "We judge it, therefore,
to be our duty" the encycli-
cal says, "to reaffirm once
again that the remuneration
of work, Just as it cannot be
left entirely to the laws of
the market, so neither can it
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
Sum and Substance:
Are There ANY
Protestant Saints!

arated Brothers of the West?"
Catholic Times, Page IL,
Sept. Is issue)
CARDINAL AGAGIANIAN
had spoken on holiness as a
mark of the true Church of
Christ and SO it was surpris-
ing at first to note that Fa-
ther Grasso lauded the holi.
ness in Professionalism today.
He said that common sanctity
was fairly widespread in
Professionalism but he went
even further and showed that
a higher level of holiness was
also present:
Select Sanctity is also plen-
tiful, and this is shown by
the diffusion of the religious
life, of the spiritual exercises
practiced by SO many, and of
the missionaries 80" He nam
ed two ProtestantS who had
attained an eminent degree
of holiness: the German, Ger
hard Tersteegen, and a Swiss
girl named Adele Kamm.
Father Grasso, however,
pointed out that the holiness
that marks out the Catholic
Church as I Church of
Christ is "charismatic" holi-
ness.
1t is that extraordinary type
of holiness that is accompa-
MED by the power to perform
miracles. "In this respect"
said Father Grasso, "the
ProtestantS themselves cam
not cite for us any mystics
or saints who have performed
miracles" He observed that
when Protestant authors
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

be fixed arbitrarily; it must
be determined according to
justice and equity.
THIS REQUIRES that the
workers should be paid a
wage which allows them to
live a truly human life and to
face up with dignity to their
family responsibilities; but it
requires, too, that in the as
Sessment Of their remunera-
ton regard be had to their
family responsibilities; but it
requires, too, that in the as
sessment of their remunera-
ton regard be had to their
effective contribution to the
production and to the eco
nomic state of the enterprise;
to the requirements of the
common good of the respec-
tive political commun e S,
especially with regard to the
repercussions on the overall
employment of the labor
force in the entire country:
as also to the requirements of
the universal common good,
that is, of the international
communities Of different ma
ture and scope"
The encyclical QUadrasesi-.
mo Ammo had already made
these points, but Pope Johns
new encyclical refines the
teaching of QUadragesimo An
no by spelling out later on in
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

volved, admiration is indiS-
pensable. The problem of au-
thority and education in a
sense can be reduced to adj
miration unless there is
admiration there will be no
imitation. Authority is not an
infallible power given out.
right to a father, nor is it
properly exercised only by a
given command. 1t becomes
truly effective because OF. a
certain atmosphere by which
authority is surrounded.
Children will be influence
ed all of their lives by this
atmosphere of authority or
the lack of it. This silent at
mosphere Will do more to ed
ucate them than an express
ed command of their parents.
This atmosphere, if correct,
will create confidence in the
children.
CONFIDENCE Is THE key
word for all authority. To
gain the confidence of his
children, however, a father
must understand them. And
to do this he must be APP
proachable. When adolescentS
today revolt it may we'll be
their cry against the unap-
probability of their parents.
WHAT CAN FATHERS do
to develop proper authority?
First, fathers should study
child guidance. Too often on
ly mothers are taught these
courses.
SECONDLY, FATHERS
must constantly realize that
Continued on page 81
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

Much of the trouble in
life today is due to the
fathers lack of authority.
A father, however, does
not have authority over
his children just because he
is their author" He has
authority because it is abb
solutely necessary for the
wellbeing of the child. A
youngster cannot be educated
and grow without this feeling
of security which authority
gives.
Education is a continual
movement toward freedom.
What does it mean to be
free? A person is free when
he can become himself, when
he can choose and accept OBJ
legations.
Is A service
to others. It leads toward love
and charity. 1t helps a child
overcome his selfishness, II
prevents selfiShneSs from con-
Stunning his own personality.
At the same time it allows
him a certain freedom of
choice. Through authority he
learns to assert himself. He
Graves it as he Graves food
and sleep and air. Without
authority in the home a child
would go elsewhere to find
it.
Many have a mistaken idea
of authority: they think it is
the right to command or that
it is an absolute power. Au-
thority is not contained in a
situation, a principle, or an
attitude. Much of it is involv-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

this same section of the en-.
cyclical the precise demands
of the common good and by
making specific reference to
the requirements Of the inter.
national common good.
THE "FUNDA NTAL
PRINCIPLE" underlying the
Holy Fathers treatment of
wages is that social progress
accompany and be adjusted
TO economic development so
that all classes of citizens can
participate in the increased
productivity" This principle,
the encyclical says, is today
being violated or ignored in
varying degrees not only in
the economically less develop
ed countries of the world but
also in those which are more
prosperous and more highly
developed.
The encyclical's treatment
of wages, with its vigorous
emphasis on the require
ments of the common good
and, more specifically, with
its demands for an equitable
balance between wages and
prices, would seem to imply
collective barga 6 over
wages alone, without any
reference to prices and prof.
its and other forms of in
come, cannot of itself bring
Continued on Page 81
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

lowed on that day. In such
an emergency the pastor can
dispense the family. We alb
stain from meat as a penance
in honor of the Passion of
Christ, so a good Catholic is
not too quick to find an ex-
cusing cause nor to seek a dis
p~enSation.
@. Will you please tell me
If the Pope has opened the
third letter from Fatima2 Was
IT made pubIie7 What did IL
say?
A. According to all reports
the letter was to be opened
in 1860. News releases indi-
Gated that it was forwarded
to the Holy Father and it can
be presumed that he opened
it. There was no public an
nouncement of its contents.
At Fatima Our Lady urged
more prayer and penance. She
predicted the terrible conSe-
quences if Christian people
did not heed this message. 1t
can be presumed that the
1860 letter simply added to
this theme some future evils
If men do not show more
awareneSs of the words and
commands of Christ. The wide
spread disregard of Sunday
observance, racial and other
social injuStices indicated in
our Holy Fathers recent en-
cyclicaD all indicate the direc-
ton in which we must go If
we are to avoid the impend-
1kAS CR1lcs
@. Are Aiine, Allan or Ana.
bel saints names7
A. Yes. Aline is a variation
of Alena Cfeast is June 18th.
Allan ALLEN is a confeSSor
saint, whose feast day is jan
uary 18th and Anabel is a
short for Annabelle, which is
the diminutive form of Anne.
She is, of course, the mother
of the Blessed Virgin and her
feast day is July 26th.
Send questions to Father
Edward F. Healey, Inquiry
Corner, The Catholic Times,
Box 636. Columbus 10, Ohio.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

For some time / have
been angered at the cri-
ticisms of our President
for his So-called mistakes
as leader of our wonder
full country.
Those who liked his ideas
enough to make him our lead
er should ask themselves:
Are we going TO change sides?
IF WE ARE GOING TO be
with him and for him and
help him in the great cause of
the continuation of freedom,
we should not be forever
pointing out his mistakes.
Rather, we should help him
correct them. One does not
correct a situation by con
tinually reminding a man of
past errors, but by encourag-
ing the individual and giving
credit where it is due.
NO ONE is lNFALLIRLE in
politics. We must learn from
our mistakes. We always have
done this and always will. Ii
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29
Old ROsaries
For Mission
MAY ASK READERS

Editor:
MAY | ASK READERS
of The Catholic Times to
search desks and bureau
drawers for old rosarieS
which can be repaired and
used again?
] am one of a group of
three who for the past six
years have been sending
repaired rosaries to the mis-
sions in South India and
South Vietnam and to Father
Patrick Peyton for his world
wide Rosary Crusade.
IN YOUR CHARITY SENp
your old rosaries, parts of
rosaries. or single beads of
whatever condition, We can
match and repair them so
they can be used again to give
praise to our Blessed Mother.
Frank w. Riley
40 Roseland Ave.
Caldwell, New Jersey
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1961-09-29

@. Why must we have "par-
iicipation" in the Mass TO the
extent that you can't think Or
pray for yourself at alI7 I
liked Mass better fhe way il
wasl
A. For where two or three
are gathered together for my
sake, there | am in the midst
of them" Matthew 1920 The
Mass is the great act Of the
Liturgy, public worship by
the Church, the Mystical Body
of Christ. We can pray prl-
vately anytime and we can
make quiet devotional visits to
Church on any day in the
week. Before and after Mass
we have time for personal
prayers. The Mass should be a
group action, the action of the
Mystical Body. Perhaps it is
natural to find more personal
satisfaction in private prayer.
At any rate we have a long
tradition in which public pray
er and participation have
been lacking except in no
venas, etc. Our feelings IN
the matter are important but
we should recognize the fact
that praying together or sing
ing together al Mass is the
proper way TO attend Mass. AS
Pope ST. Plus said: Don't
pray al Mass. pray the MaSs!"
Even the private use of the
Missal, fine as it is, is no
substitute for acting our part
in the social action of prayer.
The public sacrifice cannot
be just a collection of indi-
viduals, each one praying the
Mass privately.
@. What are fhe steps by
which The Church makes q
Saint7
A. 1t might be irrelevant to
comment that it is the grace
of God that. makes a saint, The
church only recognizes the
fact after the persons death!
Even then the question can be
misleading for it is not the
Church which moves to make
a saint. A saint is a person
who was admired and rever-
enced as very holy during his