davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

The Legislative Council, we learn
this week, wants to bring what they
undoubtedly view as more realism
to some governmental functions by
changing the method of putting the
human beings who are going to per-
form these functions in the posts to
be filled.
The mental anguish behind the
schemes to promote greater respon-
sibility to the people from public SER
wants is something that is worthy
of the greatest sympathy from all
who watch goth Century man strug-
Cling with his problems, and the grim
realization that the one to which he
devotes the least of his efforts may
we'll be the one that has the greatest
impact on his life !. politics.
However, in the final analysis, no
matter how hard select legislative
council may study and gather knowl-
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

Continued From Page Two)

CONTINUED From Page Two)
low cost power state, went up from
18th to 9Th.
Tennessee's average price came
down from $7.63 to $500 and Ten
nessee's rank improved from 18th
to End place.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

who watch goth Century man strug
Cling with his problems, and the grin
retaliation that the one to which ht
devotes the least of his efforts may
we'll be the one that has the Creates
impact on his life politics.
However. in the final analysis, nc
matter how hard a select Legislative
council may study and gather knowl-
organization, legal and political, are
not well-defined and we'll argued
| in our leading communities like Mis-
soula. 1t is unfortunate for the law
yers to leave to us untutored birchers
and anti-birchers the public discus
sion of the invasion of Cuba, the di-
vision of Germany, and the recogni-
ton of China. Have the lawyers, too,
lost confidence in purposeful politi-
cal dialogue and prefer to leave the
decisions to the experts rather than
face the rising fury of the public
forum? If so I think we will soon
have our public opinion entirely
manipulated by official propaganda.
The Law is of course one of the
oldest and most respected of the pro-
fessions. But it has its critics. even
among its own membership. In re-
cent magazine article, sophisticated
Dean Acheson tells us that ga high
percentage of those whose converse
ton one finds stimulating and en-
joyable are lawyers" but in his new
book, SKETCHES FROM LIFE, he
defines ga great constitutional law
yer" as s'either a judge over a CEN
furry dead, or lawyer who interprets
the utterances of the Supreme Court
as one wishes them interpreted"
No one ever thought more highly
of the Law than Oliver Wendell
Holmes, Jr. The Law, he said, is the
witness and external deposit of our
moral life; its history is the history
of the moral development of the
race. But he wrote to his English
friend, Frederick Pollock: "You say
that we are an illiterate profession.
My dear boy, if you can say that in
England, what could / say that was |
adequate about us herew But of
course that was years ago.
1t would take a good many pages
20 record the witty remarks in Eng
ish literature that have been made
about the equally witty lawyers.
Thomas More, highly successful
awyer himself, wrote that the ITO
oians "have no lawyers among them,
or they consider them as sort of
people whose profession is to disguise
matters" Swift's i'll will shows
through his definition of lawyers as
"a society of men bred up in the art
# proving that black is white and
White is black according as they are
'aid", but | don't see how any law
er could blame Samuel Butler for
peaking of lawyers "Who never !
md, but only Prune Suite, To make
, beare the Greater Store of Fruite" /
A recent reviewer of an English t
ook on the legal profession, NOT ]
UGH AN ASS, begins his review
The Bar is still England's premier {
but lawyers themselves
re not exactly popular heroes. Many c
eople consider that the law is an r
IS; lawyers are more likely to find \
compared to craftier cfea- q
Tres than donkeys The public's 2
omplaints about the law are what I
ley have always been: that it takes
70 long; that its decisions are too d
ncertain; and that it costs too f
UGH" 6
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

The Clerk of the Supreme Court
should be appointed by the court &C
cording to the power" theories of
the Council. They can see no value
in the election of lay clerk by the
people to prevent abuses from the
high bench.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

No wonder the Council was terribly
uneasy when accepting the reports
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1961-09-22

While the Legislative Council fid-
dies with their governmental clay
trying to reshape the monster, the
people should be working on a petit
tion campaign to simply exterminate
the unwieldy, unrealistic Goliath.
Evening star., 1961-04-21

methods make it relatively
easy to handle such pro-
grams, the cost, in nearly all
cases, would be considerably
less II the work were done
while the house was under
construction. Since most
persons make their choices
of new houses from a de-
velopment's model home, ar
rangemenst can be made with
the builder to provide the de-
sired extra space.
How much can be saved
this way, as contraSted with
an addition. at a later time,
depends on a number Of fac
tors. But at least one author
ity estimates that it costs
only half as much per square
foot to add space to a home.
Which is another way of say
ing that an addition can be
Evening star., 1961-04-21
Anticipate Expansion

built for what amounts to
half price.
There are two reasons for
this. One is that the labor and
materials already are on the
scene. The other is that there
is no necessity for breaking
into walls or making other
time-conSuming alterations.
One type of prospective
home owner may find it pref
erable to delay the expan-
sion. He's the fellow who can
and plans to do the work
himdelf. Not only will he save
the labor costs that way. but
he will get the satisfaction
of having contributed some
thing to the individuality of
his home. He'd better be sure
of two things, however: that
he actually will carry out his
intentions and that he knows
what he is doing.
ASSOCIATED Press NeWsteatureO
Evening star., 1961-04-21

When you're getting ready
to buy q house, it's a good
idea to look ahead a few
years. 1t can save you money.
A surprisingly large num-
ber of persons who buy new
houses decide after one, two
or three years that they need
more space. Or they want to
better utilize the space they
already have.
Their decisions are carried
out in any one of several
ways. 1t may be the finishing
of an attic or a basement,
the addition of a second
bathroom, enlargement Of the
kitchen, construction Of an
other bedroom or enclosure
Of the porch or patio. Some
times two or three of these
projects are undertaken at
the same time.
While modern financing
Evening star., 1961-04-21
L'Enfont's City: A Vista for Democracy
cun 81. New Worlds Civic Ar Trunsce the Old?

II you listen attentiVely.
YOU may hear other words
that could go something like
this:
You have a treasure. It
is the city you live In.
SIT is yours, not somebody
else's. No monarch controls
it.
you can make it q bet
ter place to look at, and to
use.
ut can be as interesting
and attractive as YOU want
it to be.
"It can be as safe and ex-
citing.
IF you like vistaS-or snug
public SquareS-it can pro-
vide them.
IF you banker for terraces
to sit out upon, plenty OF
sites are available.
IF you want flowers to
brighten your life. your city
can see that you get them.
'Its parks can be your place
tn dine outSide-in cafes and
restaurants and not just from
picnic tables.
Its hooks and crannies
can be your worlds to dis
cover.
Its riyerfront can be your
refreshment.
Its hauntS can be your
havenS.
ats arts can be your de-
light.
Its values can be your in
spiration.
Its charms can be your
mecca.
ut can uplift your mind,
defend your spirit, and make
you proud it belongs to you.
"For your city is . demo-
cratic world, and you can
make Of it what you will"
-
L'Enfant broke with the
autocratic idea epitomized by
Versailles to fight in behalf
Of new viStaS for life.
He saw in the new world
q place for beauty as an ex-
preston of the glory OF de-
mocracy-aS did Washing
ton, jefferson and other
leaders Of that day.
Must they all not have
hoped the new world would
transcend the old in beauty,
too? Was not this the mes
sage Of the city they planned2
Evening star., 1961-04-21
By ROBERT J. LEWIS
Star Stuff Writer

Exclusive clubs sometimes
see them, and kingly resorts.
But they are seldom in
public.
Their circle is private.
Their viStaS are private.
Much of the beauty they
see is private beauty, Sc
cluded from otherS-a world
all its own.
Why should they care?
The rest of us. however,
are in a different world.
Not being absolute mon
archs of q personal universe,
we can't hole up in q dis
tant castle with hmitless
yistas, Handicapped a1lees
pleasant terraces to sit out
upon.
Our world is the scene OF
the city and suburb, and the
paths in-between.
Streets are our viStaS.
Pavements are our ter
races.
City monuments and stat
ues our Sculptured garden.
Under the circumstances,
we're obliged to care.
But what can we do?
&*&
The voice of history says
a change has been made
since the absolutist times OF
Louis XIV.
Louder and louder, it is
telling people to shape their
world.
1t is pronouncing judg-
mentS.
It is offering choices.
"If Washington and JET
son were SO much interested
in creating a beautiful city
to serve the Nation, why
shouldn't all of us be?" it
is apt to ask.
"If the idea of pleasant
surroundings is dangerous or
decadent, why were Wash
ington and jefferson so
much interested in creating
beauty for all people
to share?
"They were practical men,
tempered in war. and
of great moral courage.
"Is Mount Vernon dan
gerous? Is Monticello de-
cadent?"
The words are gentle, but
the meaning is clear.
What do you want?" his
tory Is asking.
Evening star., 1961-04-21

ROM his bedroom window.
the Sun King" could look
out over q domain of beauty
that was entirely his own.
The Palace and Gardens OF
Versailles were designed for
this fabulous monarch-Louis
XIV of France-and for him
alone.
The gardens and grounds
and their pate dole ViStas
were a sterpiece
of architecture and land
escape design. INTO building
them went tt.e essence OF
centuries of accumulated art,
knowledge and skill.
Here, where his father was
employed, Pierre L'Enfant
played as q child. Here. in
this land of enchantment
built for a deSpot, a new pat
tern was formed of q far-off
city that has become our
own. Here the image OF
Washington was first
broadly outlined.
Does this fact have any
significance to us today?
If you are wealthy and
powerful beyond measure
in the tradition Of an abso-
lute monarch-you don
need to care.
You can make your
own world, as the Sun
King" did.
You can have magnificent
palaces, maintain gardens
and parks as large as you
please, own priceless works
of art, bid fountains play for
your own private pleasure.
You can create islands
of breathtaking beauty.
wherever you are.
You can be insulated from
outside surroundings. Like
Louis XIV. you can learn not
to care 3 whit for the rest
of the world.
1t takes a lot of power,
position, prestige and money
to do this. Not many can
afford it. Only a few hun
dred families on earth, per-
hapS.
These people have castles
scattered here and there.
Mansions in cities.
Sprawling country houses
with manicured lawns.
Villas on the Riviera,
apartments in Paris, their
own yachts and planes.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
Dangerous Hurricane
Toward Coast

MIAMI, Fla. Sept. 18 (AP)
Huge and violent hurricane
Esther began curving toward
the northwest today on a
course that probably took all
of Florida out of range of her
-mile-an-hour blasts.
South Florida is in the
clear" said chief storm fore
caster Gordon Dunn of the
Miami Weather Bureau. "and
North Florida probably will
not be in any danger"
At noon the storm was CEN
tered about 665 miles south
east of Wilmington. NC, and
moving at about II miles an
hour.
Weather men wanted a lew
more reports from planes con-
stantly flying in and out of
the growing hurricane before
making any predictions about
the rest of the Atlantic Sea-
board.
Esther. with gusts possibly
as high as 200 miles an hour
pounding around her "eye,"
pushed 7-foot ocean swells in
to the Bahama Islands and
kept small craft in protected
waters from Miami to Rhode
Island.
Evening star., 1961-09-18

The British-owned Bahamas
appeared in for nothing worse
than angry surf.
Esther was as big and rough
as Hurricane Carla was when
she devasted the Texas coast a
week ago today.
Sustained winds of $50 miles
an hour roared around the
storms eye, and hurricane
force winds of "A miles an hour
or stronger howled ITO miles to
the northeast and 100 miles to
the southwest of the eye.
Gale winds lashed tremen-
dous area extending $50 miles
to the north and 200 miles to
the southwest of the center.
From Miami to Block Island,
R. l., small craft were warned
to remain in port or protected
waters.
At Norfolk, Va, the Atlantic
Fleet Naval Air Force ordered
planes in the Norfolk area
flown inland today as Esther
approached the coast.
At the same time, Atlantic
Fleet officials were considering
sending ships in port to sea to
evade the storm, but a spokes-
man said no decision had been
made.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
Captured Irish Troops
Are We'll Treated
.AP Wirephoto

so miles north of Ka-
tanga capital of Elisabethville,
against 500 attacking Katan-
gans, including tribal warriors
led by white officers.
A 500-man garrison of Irish
and Swedish troops also was
under heavy pressure at Ka-
nina, the main U. N. military
base in the province.
U. N. headquarters in Leo
poldville reported receiving an
urgent radio call for reinforce
ments, heavy weapons and am
munitions to hold off 500 at
tacking Katangans who shelled
the base from an armored train.
Fighting subsided in Elisa
bethville but sniping and NOR
tar fire was reported while con-
troll of the city remained in
doubt.
Gen. McKeown flew from
Leopoldville to the Katanga
capital yesterday for a first
hand look at the situation. His
blue -helmeted troops were
clinging to control of the air
field, the post office and other
key facilities.
Katanga's tiny air force of
two jets raided Elisabethville
airport unchallenged in the
air. The U. N. Congo Com
mand has no fighter support.
The raid came after the U. N.
headquarters in New York had
reported reaching an agree
ment with some Katanga Off
GERS for grounding of the jets.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
Jet Attack
On u. N. Aide
Held Possible

LEOPOLDVILLE, The Congo,
Sept. 18 (AP) Owners of the
plane which carried Days
Hammarskjold said today they
are trying to find out whether
the DC6-B may have been shot
down by a jet fighter from
Katanga.
Officials of the Swedish
Trans Air Co., charter opera
tors who supplied the plane
for the U. N. Secretary-Gen-
eral, said this seemed a posi-
bility. There was no confirma-
ton from any source.
Jet fighters of President
Noise Tshombe's Katanga air
force have been active in the
clashes between U. N. troops
and Katangan forces opposing
them. Some of these jets orig
mated in France or Belgium.
Evening star., 1961-09-18

LEOPOLDVILLE, The Congo,
Sept. 18 (AP). - Irish United
Nations troops, overwhelmed
by vastly superior" Katanga
forces at Jadotville, were re-
ported today to be well treated
by their captors.
The Irish Government in
Dublin said the $50 soldiers
were well housed" and appar-
emily well treated"
In Elisabethville, the COM
mander of the 35th Irish Army
Battalion announced the news
of their capture.
Last night, a message from
1t. Gen. Sean McKeown, COM
mander of the Congo United
Nations force, said the Jadot-
vile troops had been outnum-
bered and overrun in a dra-
matte turn in the battle yester-
day afternoon.
Today's message said Irish
b a ttalion headquarters in
Elisabethville had now restored
communications with Jadot-
vile.
There is no increase in the
number of casualties already
reported" the message said.
1T is still five, three wounded
and two shell-shocked, but
many of the men show signs of
the strain that they have been
through since they went to
Jadotville.
The Irish had been waging
an uphill fight at Jadotville,
Evening star., 1961-09-18

VI OllC OCIldIC OlSOI ICG NOLIl-
mittee.
No time for the conference
has been set as yet. Named
to serve with Mr.. Mcmillan in
conference negotiations we're
Representatives Broyhill, Re
publican of Virginia, and
Burke, Democrat of Kentucky.
The Senate bill seeks to raise
S18 million by boosting taxes
on cigarettes, alcohol, rooms
and the sales tax. 1t also would
authorize a Federal payment
of S36 million and would des-
ignate the District as eligible
for Federal funds under the
aid to impacted school areas
program.
The House revenue bill car
ries only one additional taxa
l per cent increase in the sales
tax, from 2 to 3 per cent. But
it also contains two riders. One
would prevent the Motor We
hicle Parking Agency from
constructing any parking lots
in the future.
The other would abolish the
jobs of civilian parking meter
attendants by turning the task
of tiCketing parking violaters
back to policemen.
Mr.. Mcmillan has stated re-
peatedly the city needs only an
increase in the sales tax.
The S270 million District
budget, now awaiting the sigma
ture of President Kennedy, car
ries in it the assumption that
Congress will pass only the
sales tax increase. This will pro-
vide the city with $5.3 million
in additional revenues for the
current fiscal year and approx
imately SO million annually.
Meanwhile, after an execu-
Evening star., 1961-09-18
18th ATOM BLAST,
ABOUT MEGATON,
FIRED BY SOVIET

The Russians fired an
other nuclear blast in the
atmosphere today, the
18th in the current Soviet
series, the Atomic Energy
Commission announced.
The Acc said THE de-
tonation was on the order
of a megaton yield and oc-
CURED in the vicinity of
Novaya zemlya." A nuclear
device of one megaton
yield is the equivalent of
one million tons of TINT.
The new shot followed
two other Soviet blasts
over the week end. The
United States fired the
second shot Saturday of
its renewed underground
series.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
SPECIAL SECTION
ON WASHINGTON
STILL AVAILABLE

Anticipating thot mony reoders
will desire additional copies Of The
New Washington special section
which appeared in yesterdays Stor,
extro printlnss ore being made avail
oble.
A story six months in the prepare
tion, this section brings you the
complete and exciting oceount Of
the changes that are now trons-
forming your city. Beautifully os-
sembled and obounding with dro-
motto full color Illustrations, it is q
major feot Of reporting.
To obtoin your extra copy, send
your moil order request, oIone with
IS cents TO Room AIS, The Wosh-
ineton Stor, rs Virsinio ovenue
Sc, Washington 3, D. c. Sections
may be purchased at the business
counter in The Stor lobby at IS
cents apiece. For specioI bulk rote
information, coll Lincoln 5000.
Evening star., 1961-09-18

tive session of the full House
District Committee, the follow
ing Senate passed bills were ia
vorably reported and sent to the
House floor for action some
time this week.
TRANSPORTATION - The
measure authorizes the Ma
tional Capital Transportation
Agency to acquire rights of way
along interstate Route 66 in
Fairfax County. interstate
Route 95 in Prince Georges
County and the George Wash
ington Memorial parkway in
Montgo cry County. The
agency, created by Congress last
year, is charged with develop
ing rapid transit lines in the
Metropolitan Area.
FEES-The bill is merely a
bookkeeping measure which
eXemptS the District from pay
ing fees in any courts operated
by the city.
Another bill increases the fee
charged for learners driving
permits from 81 to So. The
additional revenue will go to-
ward a traffic safety educa-
ton program.
BRIDGES-The measure au-
thorizes the Commissioners to
share with Maryland and Vir-
ginia maintenance costs of the
Woodrow Wilson bridge across
the Potomac River at Alexan-
dria.
ADOPTION-A private bill
which gives Municipal Court
jurisdiction to hear an adop-
tion case.
The committee took no action
on IA other Senate-passed bills.
Evening star., 1961-09-18

ing daily air checks from atop
the Municipal Center building.
Daily checks of the Districts
drinking water and water
source at Great Falls also have
been made. City health of
ficials expect the water count,
which has been normal up to
now, to rise along with the
air fallout count.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
HummorskjoId Death
Sends Stocks Down

NEW YORK, Sept. 18 (AP).
News of United Nations Sec
retary General Dag Hammar-
skjold's death sent the stock
market into a sharp decline to-
day.
A wave of selling developed.
Aircrafts, steels, motors and
chemicals took losses. Key is
sues fell a few cents to 81 or
more.
Evening star., 1961-09-18
Tragedy Gives Russians
Opportunity to Curb U. n.
WusSeekinq
A Truce in
Kutungu

NDOLA, Northern Rhodesia,
Sept. 18 (AP).-RhodeSian Of
ficials reported that Dag
Hammarskjold died today in
the crash of a plane carrying
him on a mission to seek peace
in the Congo.
The slight, sandy haired
Secretary General of the United
Nations, 56, was flying from
Leopoldville for truce talks at
this Northern Rhodesian copper
mining center with President
Noise Tshombe of secessio1ist
Katanga.
Rhodesian authorities said
the wreckage of his plane--s
DC-6B shot up by Katanga
rebels Friday, but subsequently
repaired-waS found in the
bush country at the Congo
Rhodesian border. They said
his body was definitely identi-
fled.
There were nine other per-
sons aboard the plane, includ-
ing five crewmen. No sign of
survivors was reported here.
Had Landing Clearance
The plane was the object of
a widespread search by U. N,
British, American and Rho
desian aircraft for more than
Is hours. At midnight it
checked in over the Ndola air.
port for a landing and then
mysteriously vanished. It had
been given clearance to land,
then radio contact was lost.
This was the most tragic
blow of its kind to the U.N.
executive staff since Count
Folke Bernadotte, Palestine
truce commissioner was shot
dead on a Jerusalem street 13
years ago-September II, 194S.
Count Bernadotte, like Mr..
Hammarskjold, was Swedish.
The plane crashed between
Ndola and Mufulira, a copper
mining and smelling center
near the Katanga frontiere40
miles northwest of Ndola. This
suggested that Mr.. Hamn1ar-
skjold's Swedish pilot, a Capt.
Hallonquist, had for some
reason circled back.
Plows into Trees
Reports from the scene said
the plane plowed up trees in
the line of its fatal descent.
Mr.. Hammarskjold's plane
got landing clearance at Ndola
at 1912 am. G:12 pm. EDIT
Sunday, then vanished.
CA British government source
said reports received in Lon
don suggested there was one
survivor among the persons
aboard, but it was established
that Mr.. Hammarskjold had
been killed. The identity of the
possible survivor was not de-
termined).
A five-6ay-old war persisted
in Katanga. White-led Negro
troops and some tribal war
riors, backed by two jet fight
ers of Katanga's tiny air force,
fought efforts of the United
See U. N. CHIEF, Page AS