Evening star., 1961-08-07

CONFERENCE
US. to Help Police
Coffee Quote System

the brazlnan delegation headed
by Clemente Mariani. The
United States and Brazilian
delegations are living in the
same palatial hotel on the out
skirts Of town. Since their ini-
tial talks in BraSilia before the
conference, Mr.. Dillon and Mr..
Mariant have held frequent
meetings on a common ap-
proach to conference problems.
In one way the spectacular
launching Of . second astronaut
has served to underline the
urgency Of those problems. A
Venezuelan aptly summed UP
general reaction here when he
said the Russian "is eating up
there, while our job is to give
people something to eat down
here"
! Ernesto (Che) Guevara,
lCuba's economic car and chief
United States antagonist here,
still has not tipped his hand
as to how he intends to combat
president Kennedy's alliance
for Progress"
| Yesterday he made his first
,foray into private diplomacy
by making a visit to the Bra
lillian Finance Minister in his
suite. Although the two men
talked for an hour, 1t is report
ed they did not discuss specific
approaches to the conference
agenda.
Coffee Agreement
! In his speech today, Mr.. Dill
Ion is reported ready to take the
long step toward meeting Bra
lillian complaints about United
States "irreSponsibility" in the
international coffee market!
Brazil, like many Of the other
countries in Latin America, de-
pends. almost entirely upon
coffee exports for foreign in
come. Fifty per cent Of the
worlds coffee production goes
to the United States, and much
Of that comes from Brazil.
During the past decade, cof-
fee prices have steadily declined
on the free market, while pro-
duction has Increased. Latin
Americans claim they cannot
possibly draw up the long
range plans for capital invest !,
ments the United States desires
unless they can be sure Of
stable foreign income from
their major export.
Mr.. Dillon Is expected to an h
nounce United States readiness
to join the International Coffee
Agreement which currently in
cludes only coffee producing
countries. This organization
sets UP quotas among its men,
bers for coffee exports to the ,
world, but its operations are
hampered by its inability to
police the coffee reaching con-
suming countries. Ii
The United States has let 1t
be known that it is willing to
help police the quota system set
by coffee producers, but is stop
ping short Of a committetment
to set up a quota system. Such
D system-which is used In re- h
gard to sugar imports to the /
United StateS-is cumbersome, II
Ind would require congression-
al approval. ,
Opposes Brazilian Plan
The United States delegation
has not shown itself quite so
sympathetic to another Bra
lillian proposal for stabilizing
Latin American earnings from
the export Of basic raw ma
terials. That Is a suggestion
that a fund be set UP in the
hemisphere for compensating
countries for any great loss
suffered in any one year
through decline of world prices.
The main question here is
how all the fine words and
promises about the Alliance for
Progress will be translated into
reality.
The United States delegation .
says it will be satisfied to get
D commitment from delegates !
on the broad goals Of the al
lance and planning machinery /,
for the hemisphere to carry
them out.
Steering Committee Asked
The biggest opposition from
the Latin Americans is to the
United States proposals calling
for a seven-man steering COM
inittee to coordinate all ma
tional plans in the hemisphere. !.
This committee would have no
affiliation with any govern
ment, would evaluate and ad-
wise on plans and submit rec
concentrations for their change.
Led by Argentina, Latin
American delegates object that
such q committee would be an
intrusion on national SOW
ereignty, and would duplicate
other organizations.
The United States delegation
responds it never intended to
make the advice or recon-
mendations of the standing
committee obligatory. Sources
close to Mr.. Dillon tend to
liken the opposition to that first
shown toward the "seven wise
men" in Western Europe when
they first started distributing
Marshall Plan aid. These
sources say that when the in
ternational machinery begins
working and countries see how
efficient it is, any qualms about
violation of sovereignty will fall
aside.
But more peSsimistic OBJ
servers consider the objections
a. fhe first evidence that