davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-03
France Growing
As NucIeor Power

Colomb-B -Bechar Missile Test Site.
Missile progress has mushroomed
in the last year and in June the
first payload over 1,500 pounds
was carried aloft by new solid
fuel French rocket.
Repercussions over the proposed
underground explosions will prob
ably be voiced by the same spokes-
men who complained of the Reg
game tests. The first nuclear ,ex-
plosion in North Africa was de-
scribed as over three times as
powerful as the A-bomb which
flattened Hiroshima in 1945. The
first French test. atop 344-foot
steel tower. and the second, rela-
lively clean ground blast, were
followed by more controversial
test at Hamoudia which is just
south of Reggane.
Radioactive Follout
Heavier radioactive fallout was
measured at Erg Chech, an un-
populated area southwest of Reg
game known for its deep sands
and shifting dunes several hun
dred feet deep. Fallout from the
first two and fourth blasts was
practically nonresident claim the
French who cite a United States
Atomic Energy Commission report
which said fallout in the first two
experiments added one, perhaps
two units to every thousand pro-
duced by Russian, American and
British tests. Further details on
the last test held April Is have
not been released.
The story of Frances nuclear
program first unfolded when as
sistants of nuclear pioneer Joliot-
Curie carried 81 gallons of heavy
water to England in their escape
from the Nazi invasion. This
heavy water supply was probably
the total world stockpile at this
time. -
Another early event which led
to Frances first nuclear reactor
in 1948 was the hiding of 10 tons
of uranium oxide in Morocco dur
ing the World War occupation of
France and North Africa. The
treasure" remained uncovered
until after Germany's surrender.
In 1855, France made it's first
nuclear agreement abroad when
30 tons of heavy water was bought
from the United States. This was
followed by 88 pounds of uranium
235 in 1856. another 8 tons in
1857 and even larger quantities of
highly enriched uranium in 1859.
Through the mutual defense
pact enacted in 1859 France re-
ceived 968 pounds of more highly
enriched uranium which, the
French say, will permit develop
ment of reactor for a land pro-
totype of an atomic submarine.
Evening star., 1961-09-03

occasionally appear In the A & P
or Acme Supermarkets to shop.
This is one small ambition Gen.
Eisenhower has yet to fulfill in
retirement. Supermarkets devel-
oped in the years of his greatest
celebrity, when he had no chance
to visit one. He still foregoes the
pleasure until he can be sure of
entering a supermarket without
creating a stampede.
Instead, six days a week, he
drives directly to his office with
! oSs stops. There he keeps a staff
of six busy. He also has the help
of his son, 1t. Col. John Eisen-
hover. who has taken a leave
without pay from the army and
now lives with his family in a
small house on the corner of the
Eisenhower farm.
Evening star., 1961-09-03

The office has no security guard
as such but visitors don't get in
without stating their business
into a squawk box at the front
door. Any. unauthorized intruder
breaking into the back room
where the General keeps his clas-
sified files would Immediately
touch off an electronic alarm
that would bring police.
How His Doy Posses
The day is given over mostly
to answering heavy correspond
ence "a single mornings mail
brought equally fervent invita-
tions from a prime minister and
a sorority house mother) and to
work on the Generals book about
his presidency. He dictates and
Evening star., 1961-09-03

then edits furiously in a furry
of chicken scratches. '-
His appointment calendar is
full. often with substantial names.
In a recent two-day period, for
example, the General conferred
with Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller
of New York; Senator Everett
DirkSen and Representative
Charles Halleck, the Republican
leaders in Congress; former White
House Assistant Bryce Harlowe;
Robert Humphrey of the Repub-
lican Congressional Campaign
Committee; and publishers C. D.
jackson of Life magazine and
Bennett Cert of Random House.
Talking or reading, the famil-
lar photogenic face is remarkably
mobile, the blue eyes warming in
stantly at a favorable sight or
Evening star., 1961-09-03

is over. He is now more alive and
alert politically than ever before.
In all his eight years. he never
fully understood or appreciated
that the president was also the
head of his party. Now, out Of
the office which he so exalted, he
feels free to slug politically. In
sense. he will be fighting for his
own place in history"
The former President already
has delivered several free-swinging
speeches attacking the domestic
policies of the Kennedy admins
tration. He will deliver more.
Some Recommendations
Also, he has certain constitu-
tional amendments in mind along
with a plan for reorganizing some
of the top echelons of government.
When he makes these ideas public,
he will be back in the arena in a
real sense and not merely on the
telephone ina hypothetical discus
sion with old associates now
powerleSs to act.
Amid these larger concerns,
man lives day to day.
Like many other men Of 70, like
the retired school principal and
the shop foreman who has just
been given a gold watch, Dwight
David Eisenhower clings to the
pattern of his past. He still rises
early and arrived about eight in
his carpeted office, in the hand
some brick building that used to
house the president of Gettysburg
College.
Getting there, he is driven, or
sometimes takes the wheel him
self now that he has passed the
drivers test. "a man who has been
a general more than two decades
must learn all over againD through
the dappled shade and past the
Black Cannon of Confederate ave-
nue.. This was the line from which
Pickett's charge was launched in
the battle of Gettysburg, a skir-
miSh compared to the invasion Of
Normandy.
Along a route he once studied
as a cadet in West Point, he passes
souvenir shops which feature
Eisenhower dishes and pennants
and post cards as much as they
do Lee and Lincoln. Gettysburg
is now a town of dual celebrity.
The sightSeers who stop at the
Presbyterian Church to see where
Lincoln once worshiped also drop
back a few rows to see where Gen.
Eisenhower worships today.
The tourists clot around the
front gate of the Eisenhower
Farm. On the rare occasions he
uses it, they sing out Hi, Ike, "
and, with an American possess
siveneSs that can be both moving
and irritating, move in for auto
graphs and pictures. They climb
the battlefield towers and fly the
sightseeing helicopter to gawk at
his home and, if this occasionally
annoys the General of the Army
in residence, he resists the tempta-
ton to call up an antiaircraft
battery.
As O Community Figure
Gen. Eisenhower seldom ven-
lures into the life of the connmu-
nifty. The one social occasion he
attended was a stag dinner. served
on card tables, given by Gettys-
burg attorney to introduce him to
the local pillars. The converse
ton, one gathers, had its awkward
lulls. After all, what do you say
to a former President and q Gen
eral of the Army!
Mrs. Eisenhower and q maid
Evening star., 1961-09-03

thought, the wispy brows frowning
just as quickly at something un-
welcome, the famed smile break
ing out like the sun after a sum-
mer storm. His hands remain
busy too. fiddling with a nail file,
twirling glasses or letter opener.
From this office, Gen. Eisen-
hover also runs his personal af-
fairs. He confers frequently with
his friend, Brig. Gen. Arthur S.
Nevins, who supervises his farm.
From this desk, too, he has turned
down some fat offers, including
corporate directorships which
would pay him 100000 a year
each for a few hours a month.
He refuses to lend his name to
commercial ventures.
In addition to his 5,000-a-
year presidential pension, Gen.
Eisenhower enjoys a sizable re-
turn from investments. His first
book, Crusade in Europe" netted
him between 100000 and $780,
900 after taxes. Invested in a trust
which was completely out of his
hands while he was in office,
this money has been consider
ably enhanced" according to a
Wall Street friend.
Financial Position
1t was not ever thus. Early in
1948, before the book came out,
Gen. Eisenhower retired as Army
Chief of Staff at what appeared
to be the peak and end of his
career. He bought a car and as
he and Mamie were being driven
out of Washington in the new pur-
chase, he said, we're riding out
of town on our entire capital"
Today the Eisenhowers have the
use of several cars, including a
sedan, station wagon, a COM
pact with a fringe on top, farm
jeeps as well as a 1856 ChrySler
limousine which was bought from
the White House pool because
Mrs. Eisenhower preferred its
headroom and comfort.
The General prefers the sedan
and station wagon and at noon
one of them carries him from the
office to the farmhouse for lunch
and a nap. He then returns for
more work at the office but after
a couple of hours begins to study
the sky restlessly. Weather per-
mitting,. he then ducks out for
golf about four times a week.
But with whom?
Dwight D. Eisenhower has
host of friends over the country,
men who used to come at mo-
ment's notice when he was in
Washington to play golf with him
or bridge or counsel with him or
just supply company. Before he
left the White House, he wrote a
letter to the wives of all of them,
thanking the ladies for their
patience and the loan of their
husbands.
Letter to Friends
To his friends, the retiring
President wrote a special letter
demanding that. since he was
leaving office, he be reinstated
on a first-name basis and be
called Ike" None has yet been
able to call him that, such is the
awesome memory Of the office.
In or out of the White House,
Dwight Eisenhower has many de-
voted friends, any of whom would
still drop everything to come play
golf with him. But geographically,
Gettysburg is an awkward place to
get to and so he has fewer golfing
companions these days.
On days when his son or Gen.
Evening star., 1961-09-03
By BERNARD POIRIER
Contributing Writer

The rupture of nuclear ban
talks by Russian resumption of
tests indicates any new talks, if
they are held, will include France.
The lid is off and the necessity
France once claimed as a basis
for nuclear testing is a reality
her own objectors must now ac-
cept.
Exclusion from the three-mem-
ber talks made France sensitive
despite the recognition she re-
ceived for the fastest growing
nuclear development program in
Western Europe.
Now working in France are
over 13 atomic piles, several re-
actors, billion-volt synchrotons
and plutonium extraction. She
produces enough radioactive iso-
topes to satisfy the health and
commercial needs of 1000 hos
pital, university and industrial
users in France and another 5000
users in Western Europe and the
United States.
Pure uranium production has
almost doubled from 750 tons pro-
duced by combination of six
plants in 1859. A meager 81 mil
lion budget in 1916 has grown
to over 5000 million annually for
a staggering total-for a small
country-of over So billion. The
Manhattan Project which led to
the first United States nuclear
bomb repeatedly cost 50 billion.
Commercial Production
More than $4,000 persons are
employed in the program which
produced commercial electricity
from nuclear power last year and
which now includes several nu-
clear powered submarines to be
constructed, increased production
levels, new reactors and extrac-
ton plants and a target of 1900
tons of pure uranium in 1862.
Frances second five year nu-
clear development program has
been climaxed in its last year
by a decision to abandon the
now famous Reggane A-bomb
test site for a new underground
location. LIE Monde, a reliable
Paris newspaper, reported the
new site will be in the Hoggar
Mountain range about 500 miles
southeast of Reggane Oasis.
The armed forces who financed
most Reggane installations are
expected to use the area for i'm
pacting nosecone warheads from
new long-range missiles launched
440 miles northwest at their
Evening star., 1961-09-03

Nevins are not available, Gen.
Eisenhower plays alone. Unless,
of course, Master David Eisen-
hover. age Is, is not too busy.
The former President is fond
of all his four grandchildren but
he has a special affinity for his
only grandson. who resembles
him and would not exactly dis
appoint his grandfather by going
to West Point some day. The two
have always been close, a prox-
unity that sometimes dimmed the
boys historical perspective.
Several years ago, President
Eisenhower was comforting in the
living quarters of the White
House with Richard NJ. Nixon
when the boy sailed in.
Hi, Ike" David sang out. ,,i
Hello. David" said the Presi-
dent. you know the Vice Presi-
dent, don't you?"
The boy turned to Mr.. Nixon
and his eyes popped and he ex-
claimed, THE Vice PRESIDENT
Wow!"
Since then, David has become
increasingly aware of the gem
erals eminence, and has come
to call him grandfather" But
he remains his own man. On sew
eral recent afternoons, when the
S3d President of the United
States called to invite him out
for golf, the boy declined with re-
gret because he had people over"
or was on his way to play base
ball. -7ef
Evening With Grandchildren !
The biggest evening in the
Eisenhowers' week is the one that
their grandchildren spend with
them. The general enjoys talking
with them but has learned to 11is
surprise that kids today are not
particularly interested in talking
about the past. This is contrary
to his own experience as a
boy in Kansas when he loved to
listen to adults talking about the
Old West or the Civil War.
On other nights, when the gem
eral and his wife are alone, he
usually spends his evening read
ing foreign affairs pamphlets,
biography, historical novels or
Westerns. Mrs. Eisenhower r
watches television, particularly
Father Knows Best" or Danny
Thomas or Lawrence Welk. The
general occasionally wanders over
to watch.
He is fonder of the hi-fi set,
which he has not yet figured out
how to turn on himself.
And in the moments between
music and reading, Dwight D. E&-
senhower finds his mind drifting
occasionally back to the past. He
is not a man overly given to
reminiscence but when he does It
usually is about his Army days.
When he thinks Of the biggest
single day in his long career, the
most satisfying single moment, he
thinks always of May Z, 1g45.
when a terrible war ended in the
schoolhouse at Rheims. It was. as
he thinks of it, the day he was
raised for, the day he fulfilled
his orders.
As President, had he been able
to sign an effective, lasting peace
treaty with the whole world, that
moment would have been bigger
and the one to remember. But
with. all its power, with all its
grandeur, the presidency of the
United States in mid-20th CEN
tury could not match the day at
Rheims.
Evening star., 1961-09-03

When a man has held the
biggest Job in the world for
eight years, retirement is not
without its problems. But Dwight
ID. Eisenhower has come to
terms with them in the peace
full setting Of his Gettysburg
home. Here's. the former Presi-
dent, caught life-size in an
intimate portrait.
Evening star., 1961-09-03
By SAUL PETIT
Associated Press Staff Writer

GETTYSBURG, Pa. One Of
the rarest emotions in the world
only "a men have known it
is to wake up one morning and
realize you are now President OF
the United States.
Even rarer and as full of i'm
pact-fewer men have known this
Evening star., 1961-04-16
UNFUREsHED-V APIS uEuREsHp-

VIRGNIA-New lux
ury garden-type apis. l, . and 8
bedms., rentals from $3.50. Visit
model apt. Open 2 TO 8 pm. daily
II noon TO 8 pm. Sat. and Sun.
ID Minis. from new CIA building
via new roads. Applications being
accepted for occupancy through
Dec, 1861. For information anc
brochure call IA. S-40l0, Ar
lington, Va.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21

The Sunday School of Sand Flat
Tabernacle plans to present its
Christmas Program this Sunday
evening at 7:3O p. m. The program
is under the direction of Mrs. Effie
Iamill.
The young peoples choir will al
SO sing a Christmas song and story
program entitled, -Four Paths to
Bethlehem. The pastor is Rev
Hartley f. Wigfield, Jr.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21
Listen Americams!
...by Dr.. George S. BensoW
Oasslossg - SAuoMAl EDUCATION paoeaAls
SssPey. APkssssS

Commerce Secretary Luther Hodges few weeks ago
lecured iudustriaists thus: 81 believe that gem
orally speaking, America is showing the degree of
initiative and business drive which characterized
earlier periods history He that he did
daring the pioneering characteristics
of the years when | started in business.
realistic diagnosis of the nations economic ills
could hardly have presented The question however
ing which it evident? Mr.. Hodges
the imagination to the causes Of
present is evident that he observing eff
fecs not
that private enterprise lacks initiative and
daring may that it finds great difficulty
with that supports The strength
America has been that has permitted care and
it, nation of coectvfsts; the
best only because all are free to
pore private pursuits individual goals Whatever
nation that because conflict exists between pr
vate interests and national welfare.
How spirit of daring and venture be returned to in
dustry? First of all let government leave off political mOtva
duties passing legislation and administering
administrative branch limit itself the job
referring mpartialy rather than building machinery and
the election Let all the notion that
government do everything better than Individuals
Then, let develop atmosphere in which the profit
motive understood appreciated the key prOduc
tvty profits of corporations changed little
to increase enough bring forth the plants and
products and jobs that expanding requires If
forge ahead the politicians fond of pre-
dieting attractive level Of profits must be permitted to
cur enterprisers.
productivity non-infationary method
that ahead 1t is my conviction that
Washington administration wishing lead this nation yet
unreazed levels prosperity will recognize these
basic principles The enterprise idea when allowed
spark growth, lead heights far above
those atainab by any system whether socialist
Communist. But shall permit it function by
providing the proper climate.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21

Jean Patton, IA; James Allen
Hinkle. u: Roy Glen Hinkle, Is;
and Frances Maude Dixon, IA.
Additional persons on the bus
were Roy Dixon, Victor NJ Irwin,
Gladys Ann Dixon. William Hugh
Harvey, Larry Harvey, Mary Jane
Harvey. David Theodore Friend,
James Edward Patton, and Mar
iorie Paugh. All of the bus chill
dren we're from Deer Park.
The petition explained that per-
sons had issued a public call for
funds to alleviate distress of vic
TINS of the accident
The petitioners declared they be-
lieved it fitting and necessary to
avoid controversy that the court
assume jurisdiction over the funt
and determine its terms and con-
ditions and its proper application
under all circumstances as a trust
that all concerned would have the
definite guidance of the court.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21
300 Attend Party

Over three hundred persons at
tended the annual Christmas party
of Camp Ii, WOodmen of the
World last Saturday evening at
Southern High school Out of town
guests we're from Friendsville.
Grantsville, Bittinger, SWanton, Ac-
cident, McHenry, Deer Park, Mt
Lake Park and Fairmont, Parkers-
burg and Princeton, w. Va
Merritt Feather, master of cere-
monies, directed the group sing
ing, speaking and other entertain
ment. A set of luggage and pieces
of silver we're presented to Mr.
and Mrs. Spencer Graham from all
camps in the area. Henry J Shep-
herd, state manager, made the pre-
sentation. Mr. Shepherd also in
troduced President j. R. Sims, of
Omaha, Neb,, the speaker Mr.
Graham retired as special repre-
sentative of the WOW on Septem-
Der l of this year.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21
l. Rutledge Named
Judge, 4th Circuit

Gov. Tawes announced Tuesday
he sid appoint Irvine H Rut-
ledge of Hagerstown, to a new as
Sociate judgeship in Maryland's
4th Judicial Circuit.
The new judgeship, which be-
comes effective January l. 1862,
was created by the 1861 General
Assembly for the Western Mary
land counties of Garrett Allegany
and Washington The bill provided
that the new judge must be resi-
dent of Washington county
The governors office said Rut-
ledge would serve until the gen
eral election of November, 1864. al
which time he must stand for cleo
ton to a 15-year term.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21

There will be special services at
the United Pentecostal church at
Rosedale Sunday school at 10 a.
m, on December "a, with Christ
mas treat to be given to all pres
ent. A Christmas program will be
presented Sunday evening at 7
o'clock, THE Christmas Story" by
the youth department, under di-
rection of Mrs. Reba Rifle and
Mrs. Leila Paugh. Rev Roy Rifle
is pastor.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21
Petitioners Seek

Continued from Page One)
ing that the three committee mem
bers show cause within fifteen
days why the court should not
assume jurisdiction and declare
the same to be a trust
The railroad-bus crash occurred
on September 10, 1859. The peti-
ton explained that there we're p
children on the bus and that seven
of them we're killed: Lee Carl
Hoffman, Il: Nancy Lee Harves.
u; Merle Brown Harvey IN 10;
Shirley Ann Lee, II; Richard
Hinkle, Il: Nancy Naomi Deem. IA;
Janet Marlene Deem, Il
Injured and admitted tc hospitals
were Mary Ellen Itnyre, IA; Nancy
Jane Ringer, Il; Diane Sutton. y;
Dolores Jean Shaffer, Il; Mary
Jane Lee. Is; Marjorie Olive Bycrs,
IA; Patricia Ann Hinkle, IA; Sandra
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21

Rutledge 40, has been a member
of the Hagerstown law firm of
Lane, Bushong and Byron since
leaving the Army as captain at
the end Of World War II. Former
governor William Preston Lane
Jr., is an associate in the firm.
Rutledge was born in MERGERS
burg. Pa, and was graduated from
the academy there lie took his UNI
dcroraduate degree at Princeton
and received his law degree from
George Washington university in
1886. lie is a member of both the
Maryland and District of Columbia
bar associations
He is a member of the Maryland
Civil War Centennial Commission.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21
Attack On
Christian Custom .

The shallowness of some peO-
pies thinking is amazing. In Cali
fornia a school board yielded to
the pressure of nitWits-or sub
versives-and placed Z ban on the
singing of Christmas hymns be-
cause reference to the Christ Child
in public schools violates the prin-
ciple of separation of church and
state.
Jingle Bells" Rudolph the Red
Nosed Reindeer" and other songs
not based on the real spirit of
Christmas are permissible, but
there must be no religion in the
schools observance of the event
which is primarily religious feast
How can they be so absurd?
Where do they get the silly idea
that all religion must be banned to
avoid establishment of a state
church? In their pitiful ignorance
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-12-21

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