davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-01

Perhaps it started after World
War II. Although really it be-
gan well before that. And it
developed from q growing con-
formity. It is quite easy to hear
it by listening to what people
say, by seeing what they do. It
did not begin as a facet of CO.
operation. Conformity and CO.
operation are different sides of
the coin. We can give it the
label: ATROPHY.
Those who do not conform
too easily to the dictates or
urges of their society are not
necessarily uncooperative. They
may be unwilling to conform
with that which they clearly
Tor unclearly) see to be static
or brutal or evil and noxious
for those around them - for
their society.
What do we mean by this?
There crept upon us a grow
ing willingness to too readily
accept authority, and to accept
it without question. Because of
the confusion of rapid change
going on about us, and because
of problems far too frighten-
ing, many or most sought the
sOlace of unconcern, of apathy.
The problems are everywhere
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-01
Attorney General And
THE FREEDOM RIDERS
by
Robert Spivok

: The Marshals, whose duties
heretofore were no more stren-
uous than accompanying pris-
oner to the fingerprint room,
were heroic as they stood be-
tween the Montgomery mob
and the church in which the
Negro congregation assembled
to sing and pray.
Whites performance and the
US. Marshals' conduct all con-
tributed to the picture of JUS
tice Department determined
not to allow mob violence to
become the law of the land.
KENNEDY'S ACHIEVE
MENT - There is a debate now
in process over the value Of
the Freedom Ride" Should the
young Negroes and whites have
ridden In their integrated bus?
What did they accomplish?
Would 1t not have been better
to work for Negro voting rights
In the South?
They are the kind of argu-
ments that always seem to fol-
low q dramatic event. Should
we have shot a man into outer
space? There are many scien-
lists who consider it q totally
Continued on Page B
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-01
LET TERS
Jacksonville, Fla

Jacksonville, Fla.
Dear Mr.. East:
First of all hope that you
will kindly excuse the crude
ness of this letter. but l am in
quite hurry with final exams
for college coming up.
am writing to you in re-
gard to your article in the re-
cent issue, Of your paper "The
Petal Paper and I have a
question I would like to have
you answer for me if you will
be so kind. In this column you
stated. "When He pulled that
stunt it was getting late on
Continued on Page p
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-01

THIS DEMI : PARADISE,
a Westchester Diary, by Mar
garet Halsey. Simon and
Schuster, New York, 1860,
ZIG PIP. $3.50.
If the title recalls John of
Gaunt's line in Richard II, first
play in mighty octave chron-
icle of Tudor England, the sub
title quickly dininishes the
scope of the epic.
Westchester is the recognized
capital Of Suburbia. So we
make ready to observe the home
life OF Olympians in grey flan-
mel suits, and their female VIM
men In tailored Stacks or less,
and all the lovely civic respon-
sibilities of the PTA. ooh, beau
tiful for specious skies, and am
Der drinks of Scotch" You'd
better notice that word spe-
ciOus!
Yet in spite Of the labored
whimsy, and the fangless social
satire, you may do well to read
this book. Here's a good quote:
"You have your eye idly
on somebody's driveway
baking and empty in the hot
sun. Before you know 1t, big
Continued on Page b
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-01
BY P. D.

| - = :! : :: ;:
Random thoughts on DRY Mississippi. with minimum
of preaching, let us hope
In the course Of human events things happen fright
ening things even horrible things and last year horribly
frightening thing happened in this state Actually the act
itself happened louisiana but the effect was felt here
not by everyone but by almost everyone.
AS result of greed the State of Louisiana came
close to putting the of Mississippi out OF business
Here's what happened:
Wholesale liquor dealers in Louisiana supply our ma
tyetype booeggers with their booze Inasmuch as our
hooeppers are the Louisiana tax doesn't
apply and something like $3.50 on each case
of hooc The Magnolia tax commission and tax collector
are furnished copies of invoices by the State OF Louisiana
reportng every sale dry Mssssppians. These in
voices are by the Magnolia tax commission to collect
total of 1870 all such purchases; 1919 OF this Is our
well known Black Market Tax enacted In 1914 and has
brought into the $25mllion since that time
The SO is Especial Tax and it's of recent date, and
now Yields in excess of 81 milon each year.
Well you see, the prohibition business Is pretty
good in and for the Magnolia State What happened was
that house committee in the Louisiana Legislature act
ally approved to levy an Inspection zee on tne
exported BOOZE that which imported into DRY Mis-
ana That amounts to 1919, and that, plus own tax
would bring total to 1870, which would make cheap
bourbon taste bit like gold.
Aside from the taste problem the Magnolia tax folk
had fear which quite real; they feared that our
booeggers begin to purchase their supplies from
super and that they'd not have an invoice on
which they collect the various taxes commodity
that under the law doesn't exist This must have been
frightening especially when one considers that the present
Administration in Mississippi already gone into deficit
financing The annual collection illegal liquor In Mis-
sissippi is approximately $25millons.
Well the measure didn't pass I'm happy to say,
SO we can proceed with full ahead Does
seem that dry states in mysterious ways their
wonders to perform.
Earlier this year interesting series OF events occurred
on the Mississippi Gulf Coast in Harrison County, to be
exact with reference to the booeggng business But since
Eason King lives in those parts let pass along his
report on the sequence:
The county sheriff raided wholesalers warehouse
conscated 900 worth of liquor He refused any
CONTINUED Page p
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
Social Dynamite

III MS new DOCK on the deficiencies
OF big-city schools. especially as they
affect low-income Negroes, DR.. James B.
Conant UNDERSTANDABLE has stirred up
a hornets nest. For this is the usual
result whenever the facts in this
emotion charged area are faced Squarely.
80 Thus, Dr. Conant already is under
attack for criticizing school adminiStra-
tionS which, for the sake of token"
Indignation, transport hundreds or
thousands of Negro pupils daily from
their normal school districts to other
areas DR.. Conant Is not critical Of
shifts from areas which become heavily
over-populated to those where wide
spread vacancies exist in schools But
he believes that shifts which are
motivated only by So-called Liberal"
preSsures are futile and short sighted
gestures, which merely avoid coming to
grips with the real problems In his
Judgment, the only rational approach
In Slum areas is to upgrade existing
schools and to spend more money for
the additional facilities that are needed.
DR.. Conant is quite right in saying
that there is social dynamite" in the
huge numbers Of slum-area youths,
largely Negroes, who are out of school.
either unframed for jobs or unable to
find them. Perhaps, as he suggests.
there should be a more concentrated
effort to provide courses that are more
meaningful to below average students
Other educators argue that the en-
phaSiS, instead, should be on more
cateful and intensive instruction-not
On special courses.
- In either case, the solutions require
a great deal Of money; more, unfor-
tunately, than Is readily available in
most cities. In Washington, for ex-
ample, large number OF schools in
slum or low-income areas have had to
adopt part-time classes Others contain
Substandard, grossly class
rooms. But we think Washington school
officials are right in holding that these
are problems to be overcome, and that
as a general policy children should
attend public schools in their own
neighborhoods. Anything short Of that
would merely condemn deficient schools
to a continued state Of inadequacy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
Youthful Press Corps

In time of nation wide concern
over juvenile delinquency it is especially
appropriate to set aside day to honor
an industrious group Of young business
men who we'll deserve President Ken
nedy'S description Of American youth
at its best" We refer to the more than
100000 boys who, through rain or shine
and up hill or down, daily deliver the
country's newspapers to homes and
business houses. The Star, cognizant Of
the important newSboy link between
press and subscriber, saluteS its own and
all the circulation boys on this National
Newspaperboy Day.
The President, in a message Of
greeting, said: You are doing more
than accepting regular responsibility
and earning an Independent place in
your community. Although these things
are important, you are also demon
strating the strength of character and
integrity upon which our country was
founded and upon which its future,
especially in these times of world crisis,
will be dependent" Mr.. Kennedy pointed
out that many prominent Americans
learned how to serve and work and look
ahead while delivering newspapers on
neighborhood route
:. One such lad, known to his GUS
toners in an Indiana town as Gus"
grew up to be news maker in his own
right. He is the orbited astronaut,
Captain Virgil Grissom Not all news
paperboys are destined TO become
famous, Of course, but all will have been
well grounded in the principles of in
dividual enterprise and community
Service which underlie any successful
career. We are proud of our newspaper
boys and of the important part they
play in our organization
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21

should exercise some control
over that school system.
Americans have a right to
turn the control of their chill
dren's education over to a
private group. but they have
no right to ask other Ameri-
cans to help pay for that type
of education.
If any money is loaned,
granted. or given to one re-
lieious group. all religious
groups should receive 1t. II
any religious group receives
funds from the State or Fed
eral governments. the separ-
alton Of church and state is
at an end in this Nation,
and the religious troubles Of
Europe will soon be upon us.
Our forefathers who wrote
the Constitution of the United
States and the constitutions
of the various States were
wise men in providing for the
separation of church and
state. The history of Europe
proves it. Let us not turn our
backs on the wisdom of our
forefathers.
Lester L. KimbIe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21

lasting for a number of years And out
of the proposed studies may come in
calculable benefits to mankind in many
fields-from food and chemicals to
meteorology and national defense.
The task of probing the depths of
all the oceans and collecting and
analyzing the data obtained is too great
for any one nation to undertake. In
recognition of this, UNESCO (the United
Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization) has prevailed on
many governments to consult at Paris
on ways and means of conducting a
Joint project. More than a score of
these governments already have agreed
to sponsor an initial research program
centering in the Indian Ocean area.
This ocean was chosen for the first
studies because it is relatively small and
yet is less familiar to oceanographers
than the larger oceans.
A number of nations, including
notably Soviet Russia, are conducting
independent oceanic studies in several
seas. In fact, Russia is reported to have
more oceanographic ships in service
than any other nation. The United
States has done some important work,
too, but lacks the modern equipment
needed to extend the probing. President
Kennedy, StreSSing the Importance of
gathering more information about the
oceans, asked Congress this year to
appropriate s97.5 million for an ex-
banded oceanographic program. The
Senate approved the request but the
appropriation was not acted on by the
House. Perhaps the recommendations
Of the Paris conference will serve to
stimulate House approval of the Amer
lean program at the next session. Ger
tainly 1t would seem shortsighted to
spend billions on space research while
neglecting to learn more about the
mysteries and resources of our own
planet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21

@. Did George Bernard
Shaw accept the Nobel Prize
for Literature awarded him
in 1925?-S. A.
A. At Stockholm, Sweden,
on December 10. 1926. the
British Prime Minister &C
cepted from King Gustav the
gold medal and diploma for
the award. in behalf of Shaw,
who was unable to be present.
Shaw turned the money for
the award over to the Anglo
Swedish foundation which
had among its objects the
translation into English Of
great Swedish books.
@. What is white mahog-
any? - E. F.
A. White mahogany is a
trade name for Primavera,
which Is found on the
western coast of Mexico and
southwark to Guatemala.
The wood is moderately
heavy and hard. works well,
and is said to give little
trouble by warping. It is
creamy white to yellowish-
brown in color. The grain is
interlocked. and the pores
are of about the same size
as in true mahogany, so that
the figure produced, especial
ly when finished with a
mahogany stain, is similar to
that Of true mahogany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
More Scrap Iron?

A jittery, uneasy, fright
ened American public. re-
Numbering the bombs that
killed so many Americans at
Pearl Harbor we're made of
American scrap iron, are 60
ing through a nightmare with
the sale Of 1876 Sabre Jet
fighter planes to Communist
Yugoslavia. RuSsia's ally.
Ralph J. Salvati.
Middletown, N. Y.
y
With all of this talk about
fighting communism all over
the world, we are training
Communist pilots in Texas
and selling some Of our jet
fighters to Yugoslavia. Is
this fighting communism? II
we are going to fight COM
munism, let's start right here
at home in our own Govern
ment and get rid Of the
traitors who are leading us
down the road to ruin. Don't
worry about fallout shelters:
they won't be needed. The
Communists are taking us
over without dropping a
single bomb.
Harry Lee Warren, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
Other Side of Wall

The Star for October IL,
1861. printed an article head
lined. Red Wall a Blow to
Vests Prestige" Why? Is this
wall symbolic Of some great
Russian victory?
Is not this wall in reality
a great symbolic and real
Western victory Is it not a
prison wall to prevent the
escape of Russian slaves to
the freedom of the West? The
sentiment expressed in your
headline is just the kind Of
tripe that has helped Russia
while tending to keep us off
balance.
We should televise this wall
to all areas where there are
apt to be television sets, and
send photos of this wall to
all other areas where tn e
people may have been sub
jected to Communist propa-
ganda-along with the true
story of why the Commies
had to build this wall and
how people under Communist
domination react to capital
ism when 1t is in direct con-
tact with communism-when
the two systems operate side
by side. We should be very
proud Of this Freedom Wall"
William c. Sabin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
FroI Bridges

A chain is no stronger than
its weakest link. and a bridge
railing, of cast aluminium al
10y, purportedly designed to
withstand a total force Of A.
500 pounds" is no stronger
than the i4-inch thick, cast
aluminium alloy stanchion
anchored to the concrete Key
Bridge floor by four IL Inch
case hardened bolts.
A resolution in respect to
the engineered frailty inher-
ent in many OF our new We
hicular traffic bridges was
unanimously adopted by the
Arlington County Board
about two years ago. On No
vember 2. 1889. copies OF the
resolution were mailed TO all
OF our elected representatives,
as was called for in the reso-
luton. 1t is my suggestion,
nearly two years later, that
the subject matter of the dis
tributed resolution be disin-
tered and made into a vigor-
Gus campaign issue. The cred
it for the resolution can be
given to the late David Krup-
saw who personally encour-
aged me to write it and pre-
sent it.
Incidentally - / attended
the funeral services for the
beloved Benny" Runyan.
Men. women and children by
the hundreds wept unaSham-
eddy. I'm sure the thought
in each mind was-what a
horrible way to have died!
Stan Stanton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
A Sort of Babel

If brevity is truly the soul of wit,
ours must be one Of the least humorous
ages Of all time. Certainly there has
never been such an outpouring of words,
spoken and written, as mankind must
endure now-wholly apart from the
recordings Of beatnik singers. The
articulation is tremendous beyond de-
scription, and 1t seems to be increasing
from day to day, and too often it spreads
more heat than light, or obfuscates
rather than clarifies.
So it is understandable that our
State Department, to mention but one
Of many agencies bothered by the
problem, is trying to cut down on its
own verbosity. AS pointed out by Carlton
Savage, executive secretary OF the Policy
Planning Council, scores Of millions Of
words are written every year within the
department, from headquarters to field,
and the spoken chit-chat-not to men
ton the solemn exchanges of views in
conference-is beyond measure, border
ing on the infinite. Thus, according to
Mr.. Savage, the department had to cope
with no fewer than 10,650,013 incoming
and outgoing words last August-an
increase Of 2 million over the cor
responding month last year. Secretary
of State Rusk has indicated that he is
appalled, by the whole thing, and his
aides are trying to reduce the volume by
exhorting everybody to express their
thoughts more briefly.
This is undoubtedly an admirable
objective. However, let's be realistic AS
far as verbiage is concerned in our day
and age, things are going to get worse
before they get better, and there is
every reason to believe that they will
never get better Certainly Nikita Khru-
Shchev, not to mention the insufferable
Fidel Castro, is not setting good ex-
ample when he speaks, as he just has,
for more than six hours, two days in a
row.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
Freedom and Mr.. Tubmon

President William " S. Tubman of
Liberia-a nation whose relations with
ours have been consistently close and
friendly-haS been a welcome visitor
here these past few days, and he has
been very busy man. Among other
events on his crowded schedule, wholly
apart from his talks with President
Kennedy and Secretary of State Rusk,
has been his address to the National
Press Club. Although he has spoken
in highly generalized terms, the follow
ing passage is specific enough to be
we'll worth quoting:
Ladies and gentlemen, you will agree
with me that it is a divine right for people
10 manage their own affairs in their own
way: that Self-government whatever its
shortcomings may be, is more satisfying and
ennobling than non-Self- government no mat
ter how efficient. should make 1t emphat-
ically clear that there can be no peace and
/ see no prospect OF any so long as some
people arrogate to themselves the right to
govern without the participation and consent
OF the governed
These are excellent words, and they
sum up the sentiment of numerous other
nations in Africa, most of them much
younger and less experienced than
Liberia. 1t is a sentiment however, that
must be viewed with a measure of
reservation, particularly because the
Tubman government - judging from
some II its recent votes in the United
Nations-has given the impression that
the principle involved has a limited
geographical application that does not
extend beyond the explosive African
continent.
This seems to us to be a narrow
minded viewpoint. After all, If African
leaders demand differentiation and
government for their part Of the
world, why should they not advocate
the same thing for nations trapped
behind the Iron Curtain? Why are they
vague or tongue-tied on the issue? Why
don't they all come out openly and
without equivocation, as Mr.. Tubman
appears to have done at the Press Club,
in favor Of freedom not only for their
own people but also for such others as
the Hungarians and East Germans?
The questions speak for themselves
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
Welfare ChiseIers

Recently, Joseph Mitchell,
city manager Of Newburgh,
N. Y, dared expose a corrupt
welfare situation there. I'm
mediately the do-gooders be-
gan swapping and snarling at
him. He should be ashamed
OF himself" they said. the
poor, defenselesS unfortu-
mates must be rehabilitated!"
Absurd! Welfare recipients.
particularly unwed mothers,
do not want to be rehabili-
tated.
Want proof2 Here is what
the experts say:
l. Il say relief is running
families. Want $3.50 a year
tax-free. buy all the liquor
you want and support a mis-
treS? Get on welfare and
you can afford BOTH" Judge
Jacob Panken. Domestic Re-
lationS Court, New York City.
Saturday Evening Post. Sep
TENDER. l950D
2. Indiana Stops Welfare
Abuses" Readers Digest.
March. 1884. Senator Bon
grager saved the State IS
million a year just by throw
ing off those not entitled
to 1t.
3. Are We Paying An lille
gitimacy Bonus?" by Leon
ard Gross. Saturday Evening
Post, January, 1862
4. Growing Scandal in Re-
lief" u. s. News g. World
Report. September IL. 1861
All taxpayers should read
thiSl
All of these stories are
loaded with cases of fraud,
corruption, chiselling. prosti-
tuition. This is a national dis
grace. All taxpayers should
Join hands to eradicate it.
They should start asking
questions:
Why don't all States fol-
low Indiana's example? Why
not enact a form of punish
ment for those getting relief
under false pretenses? Why
are alcoholics given relief?
Why are recipients given aid
when they can afford to own
an automobile? Why are they
allowed to go back on relief
after having been dropped
for fraud and lying? Why are
they allowed TO continue to
have illegitimate children
after being put on relief?
Why are they also given
free medical aid, hospitaliza-
ton and surplus food?
When are the taxpayers
going to have relief from this
intolerable burden?
Carlean Stuart.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21

o. Pitschman, Of Houston.
Texas, asks in a letter: Was
FDR wrong when he said.
Any government can for a
short time spend more than
it earns, but a continuation
Of that habit will lead to the
poorhouse'?" OF course, he
was wrong, since a govern
ment, not being a business,
never earns anything. Presi-
dent Grover Cleveland knew
that when he said the people
must support the Govern
ment, not the Government
the people.
President Roosevelt was so
wrong about this that during
the 1886 campaign he asked
Judge Samuel I. Rosenman
to give him a convincing ex-
PLANTATION of why he ever
made that 1882 speech on
cutting expenses and balanc-
ing the budget. The judge re-
piled, Mr.. President, the only
thing you can say about that
1882 speech is to deny cate
gorically that you ever made
it."
Mr.. Pitschman Is wrong in
saying that the unemploy-
ment problem was solved by
the draft in 1910. To begin
with, there was no draft in
1910; that was the year the
draft law was passed. There
were still 8 million unem-
ployed in 1910. but this had
been brought down from 1913
million in 1888, or 24.9 per
cent of the labor force.
Then the deficits really
rolled in and unemployment
was wiped out. See what hap
pened:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-10-21
The Oceans Secrets

~ The first move toward an inter-
nationally sponsored series Of efforts to
Unlock some Of the mysteries of the
deep will be made this week as rep
resentatives of more than 30 nations
gather in Paris for the first meeting
OF UNESCOs ntergovernmental Ocean
ographic Commission. Decisions made
at this conference may result in another
Joint research project of the Inter-
national Geophysical Year type-but