davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-07-14
One Amono Sixty

The candor-even the bluntneSS-.
with which President Ayub Khan talked
OF foreign aid in his address to Congress
seems to have made favorable impress
sion upon many of the legislators
Perhaps this is because plain talk is
something of rarity on such occasions.
or maybe 1t is because we count PakiStan
as Staunch ally-not as a fence
S1tter-in the relentless struggle between
freedom and communism. In any event
the net effect of the talk was good, and
the United States will do what it can,
within reason, to help prevent a Com
munist take-over in PakiStan in another
Is or 20 years, as President Ayub sug-
gested might happen.
1t would be a mistake, however, to
assume that certain facts can be altered
by our visitors speech, or, for that
matter, by any speech. One of these
facts is that foreign aid is a burden
which the American taxpayers have
carried now for many years. They are
not ready to lay down this burden, even
though they certainly are getting a bit
tired OF carrying it. But they would like
to see, and they have a right to expect,
a tangible return for the billions of
American dollars that go into this pro-
gram. In many instances, and this
includes PakiStan, the returns have been
both tangible and substantial But in
other instances this has not been true.
1t is CALLING, to say the least, to invest
In the economic development of coun-
tries whose leaders, while willing to
accept American aid, seemingly prefer
to place their bets on Moscow or Peiping.
Another fact which should be kept
IN mind was stated by Senator Fulbright,
chairman of the Foreign Relations Com
mittee. In a restrained comment, he
paid he thought President Ayub's talk
would have some effect on the prospects
for passage of the foreign aid bill, but
that "he represents only one of sixty or
SO countries involved" Since the Senator
did not elaborate, we do not know ex-
actly what he meant to imply. But to
us, his comment suggests that there are
many facets of the foreign aid problem;
that 1t will be costly and heavy burden
over a long period of time; that we
cannot hope to satisfy all of the claim
ants, and that, therefore, we should be
more selective, even hard-boiled, in
deciding which countries will be aided
and which will not. Unless this is done,
the American people not only will tire
OF the burden-they will chuck it.
Evening star., 1961-07-14
Crime in Montgomery

Due to errors in computa-
ton, recent published reports
of crime statistics in the
Washington area since 1850
showed a 125 per cent crime
increase in Montgomery
County. These errors showed
a lower number of felonies
than was actually reported in
1850 and raised the actual
number in 1860, thus giving
a greater percentage of in
crease than was really the
case.
While there was a def
mite increase of 99.9 per cent
in felonies reported between
1850 and 1860, there was a
107 per cent increase in pop
ulation over the same period.
Thus, Montgomery County
actually had a 4 per cent de-
crease in felonies reported
per 100000 population, rather
than a 125 per cent increase.
1t may be pointed out that
less than 3 per cent of the
felonies reported in Montgom-
cry County are considered
crimes of violence against in
dividuals. Ninety-seven per
cent are crimes against prop
erty. M. A. Butcher,
Montgomery County Manager
Evening star., 1961-07-14

A dial telephone system
without wires or switchboard
has been developed by the
Army Signal Corps.
It has been developed to
handle 700 subscribers, each
being able to communicate
with any other subscriber
privately. Each person has
full use of the equipment at
all times.
At present it operates only
within a range of IS miles
but, it is believed, this range
can be extended. Tests will
begin early next year. 1t has
the somewhat cumbersome
name of Random Access and
Correlation for Extended
Performance, or just Racep.
1t will be, the Army
believes, a revolutionary de-
velopment in tactical voice
communication since private
messages can be transmitted
from point to point. Present
radio communications can be
heard by either friendly or
enemy forces or by anybody
who wants to "cut in"
Dial System
A subscriber-the system
is now limited to TOO within
the Is mile radius-uses it
merely by dialing the other
subscriber with whom he
wishes to talk.
"The gibberish caused by
crowding of radio channels
that often plaques radio
communications between pi-
lots and air traffic control
centerS, or between mobile
police and fire department
communications systems, can
be eliminated. The system
uses a single channel for two
way communications without
interference" says an Army
report.
This is accomplished by
disintegrating and coding
speech signals into millionth
OF a second fragments, COM
blning them at random, and
transmitting them all at
once over the same channel.
Only receivers preset for the
proper code of a specific
conversation can receive it
and reconstruct the frag-
ments into a normal flow of
speech.
There is no central COM
munications center to fail
and perhaps paralyze total
communications. Each unit
will be self-contained and
will reach any other unit
from any location (within
the 15-mile radius,) merely
by turning a knob which sets
the transmitter to the receiv-
ing code of the other unit.
The system also will con-
tain a command override
feature to allow all receivers
within range to accept an
emergency call from the
single transmitter originating
the call, whether or not the
individual receivers are in
use at the time"
Plans for producing a
piece of the moon" on earth
now are being developed by
the Research and Develop
Evening star., 1961-07-14
THE PASSING SCENE
Khrushchev DisIikes His UIbricht
BY RALPH McGILL

and all suspected deviation
lists. He did a thorough.
savage job by letting the
Gestapo do it for him. Those
members regarded as loyal
were assisted to escape. This
program eliminated the
strongly nationalist members
of the German party. 1t had
operated with a certain in
dependence of Moscow, as
Tito and the Polish Commu-
nists later were to manage.
Ulbricht fled fom Prague
to Moscow in 1898. He
worked on the Eastern front
in efforts to infiltrate the
German troops opposing the
Soviets. He has always been
regarded as a man without
mercy, feelings or character.
He fitted admirably into
Stains plans and was sent
back to the Soviet zone Of
occupied Germany as the
Kremlin's man. He took over
a decimated party and began
to communize East Germany
with typical ruthleSsness and
speed. Thousands of Ger
mans have fled to West
Germany every year since
Ulbricht returned.
Long Grip Likely
It is assumed that for Q
long time to come the Rus
SLAMS will retain a close and
attentive control of East
Germany. The signing Of q
peace treaty which estab-
lished that region as an
autonomous state would be
amusingly cynical in that it
would have no autonomy at
all, compared with the small
degree of nationalist freedom
permitted Poland, for
example.
The trouble with negotiat-
ing a free Berlin is that this
word has one meaning for
Mr.. Khrushchev and quite
another for us. No one uses
the words I'd e m ocracy,"
Peoples Republic" and
Democratic action" more
than the Communists of
China and Russia. But they
do not iibe at all in meaning
with our own image Of those
phrases and words.
There is a possibility,
though admittedly slight,
that an East German treaty
and a Berlin guaranteed to
our satisfaction might even
tually lessen tensions. This
is, of course, pure SUPPOSE
ton. Yet, we originally had
serious tensions with Tito
after his break from Stain
and, for a time. Poland was
a crisis. These two are Com
muniSt, yet they are not
presently thorns.
The Russians are disturbed
by the constant flight of
Germans from Ulbricht's
concept Of communism. But
he grows old. Even Khru-
shchev may now believe
change is needed.
Evening star., 1961-07-14
Chides Equitable

In your issue Of July Z, M.
p. Dickinson, senior vice
president of the Equitable
Life Assurance Society of
New York City, takes excep-
ton to some remarks I made
recently about his insurance
company's criticisms of the
social security program. (You
correctly state that your re-
porter, Isabelle Shelton,
fairly reported the intent of
my extemporaneous remarks
in answer to a question from
the audience on the views of
insurance companies in the
present controversy over
health insurance for the
aged.)
I wish to make it clear that
I fervently believe the Equit-
able Life Assurance Society
has the right to engage in a
campaign of criticism against
social security improvements
1t may have the right to use
its policyholders' premium
income to work with the
American Medical Associa-
ton to fight health insurance
for the aged. What I object
to is an apparent attempt to
undermine the confidence
people have in the financial
soundness and integrity of the
social security system.
Officers Of the Equitable
have issued and widely cir
culated in the past 2 years
four documents all directed
to casting doubt on the fl
nancial and actuarial sound
ness Of the old-age, survivors,
and disability insurance sys-
tenn. But not a single con-
Structive suggestion for i'm
provement in the system is
recommended, unless one
could count concurrence with
the idea of are-minimum in
creases in benefit levels ito
recognize changes in living
costs for the aged" as a Sug-
geStion for improvement.
There are provisions in the
social security law which
could be improved. Congress
has made improvements from
time to time. I believe Con-
gress has shown both wisdom
and responsibility in devils
ing a contaibutory social in
surance system which meets
social needs in a financially
sound manner. ALI I want
is that the Equitable give
Congress credit for what it
has wisely done rather than
create a climate of doubt and
suspicion concerning this pro-
gram so essential to the we'll
being of the American people.
Wilbur J. Cohen,
Assistant Secretary,
Department of Health,
Education and Welfare.
Evening star., 1961-07-14

West Germans long have
been embarrassed by the fact
that Walter Ulbricht, the re-
pellent, shifty-eyed, dumpy
man who for more than 40
years has done Moscow's bid
ding in East Germany and
East Berlin, is himself a
German.
Even Nikita Khrushchev,
who is not q Squeamish man.
looks upon Ulbricht with
distaSte. Ulbricht was a
Stain man. He enjoyed the
purges, the executions, and
the ruthlessness of power
under Stain. He, too. be-
lieved in terror as an aid to
efficient administration.
Ulbricht's history is a sort
of pilgrims progress in COM
munism. He was born in
Leipzig in 1893. His father
was a poor tailor. Young
Ulbricht early was appren-
ticed as a carpenter. The
dossier on him shows he was
a member of the woodwork
ers union and, in 1912, regis
tered as a Social Democrat.
But by 1918 he was one of
a group trying to win mem
bers from this party to a
Communist cell. There are
on file in West Germany
copies of a letter from the
party leaders of those days
warning against trusting him
too far.
BY the early '2Os he at
tracted Stains notice by
attaining enough influence
in the Thuringia district to
oust unorthodox elements.
Stain took him to Moscow
and sent him back as his
chief agent in organizing
small factory groups-and in
spying on others. Russian
agents provided him with
information which he used
to discredit or smear rivals
as being Trotskyites, or devi-
ationists from the Stain
line. From 1928 to 1929 he
was a Communist member of
the Reichstag. After the
Reichstag fire, set by Hitler
in a successful plot to dis
credit and outlaw the party,
Ulbricht fled to Prague
There he was made, on
Stalin's orders, chief of the
party in exile.
Carried Out Programs
Ulbricht then proceeded to
carry out one of the most
unconscionable, i'm m or a
programs known. He OBJ
tanned information as to the
underground hiding places of
those Communists still in
Germany whom he believed
to be possible rivals to his
own ambitions, and had
them exposed to the Nazis
who promptly shot them.
Stain repeatedly informed
Ulbricht that the opportu-
nifty was at hand to purge
the party in Germany of any
Evening star., 1961-07-14
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Army Creates Wireless Dial Phone
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

ment Laboratories Of the
Army Engineer Corps.
This is proposed as essen
tial for the first men on the
moon. It is estimated by the
Air Force and the Space and
AeronauticS Administration
that humans can be placed
on the earth'S satellite in
about 10 years. How they can
survive there is something
else again.
The Engineers propose to
set up a system Stimulating all
conditions that can be pre-
dicted, in which 'lunarnaut"
volunteers can be tested. 1t
will require about four years
and cost, it is estimated,
about $6 million.
Radiation To Be Reproduced
The proposed moon simu-
lator, according to current
studies, would be a dome
about 80 feet high and 30
feet in diameter. This would
serve as the simulator's basic
shell. Inside 1t would be in
corpcrated a system for
producing a near vacuum.
such as can be expected on
the moon.
Solar radiation would be
reproduced by high pressure
xenon lamps in the labora-
tory's ceiling. To establish
temperature control the walls
would be mounted with a liq-
uid nitrogen "heat sink" The
heat imput of the xenon
lamps would be dissipated
through this heat sink, al
lowing the extreme lunar
temperatures - estimated
from 212 F to -270 F-to be
simulated.
The floor of the chamber
would be covered with a five
yard thickness of simulated
lunar soil, recreating the
moons surface thermal fac
tors and reflectivity.
One yard beneath the soil
surface would be another
laboratory Stimulating a
shelter buried under the
moons surface. This will be
primarily to study the proba
lem of removing human
exhaled carbon dioxide from
the environment.
Between 18 and 20
vacuum pumps in the dome's
walls would maintain the
lunar atmosphere and cham
ber locks outside the labora-
tory would afford entry for
men and materials without
destroying the lunar environ-
ment.
Evening star., 1961-07-14
Forced Inteqrotion

AS a native of the fair,
clean city of Jackson, Mis-
sissippi, I resent and protest
the negative notoriety being
heaped upon that city by the
so-called freedom riders.
These unlimited intruders
are revolutionists whose aim
is for a complete overhaul of
Southern social customs and
practices. They are we'll
stepped in their own brand
of SuppositionS as to how
the races in that part of
America should dwell to-
gether in amity and have
come in as missionaries to
preach their gospel of total
integration to the backward
tagging natives of the area.
Ironically our own Federal
Government backs these
starry-eyed social pirates in
their intents and in and
through them foments rev.
olution in an otherwise peace
full South.
The slow drawling native
of the area sees the move
for what it is-integration
by force. Does this mean
that in America a man as
a man can no longer choose
his social concepts to be ap-
piled by him and his in his
own backyard? Very nearly
just that. And is this free
America? Have tailored So
cial concepts from afar come
in to stamp out the right of
individual personal judg-
ment on a local level? Or is
it possible for a man to think
now and hold personal opin-
ions without being suspect
of being a defective?
william E, Cox,
Evening star., 1961-07-14
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtters' correct
names and addresses. Au let
ters are subject to condenSd.
ton. Those not used 1Dtn be
returned only iDhen accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-07-14

would be tantamount to breach Of
faith with the child" AS matter of law,
a 17-year-old may still be a Child" But
in many instances, he is also vicious,
hardened criminal, and to speak of these
as children does certain violence to the
popular meaning of the word. If they are
criminals, why not call them criminals?
Evening star., 1961-07-14
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKINS SERVICE

@. How long has the word
motel" been used?-T. W.
A. In 1925, Arthur s.
Heineman, a Los Angeles
lawyer, formed the Milestone
Motel Corporation which
opened the Milestone Motel
at San Luis Obispo, Calf,
the following year. Mr..
Heineman is credited with
the idea of contracting the
words motor" and "hotel"
into motel. Later the hy-
phen Nas dropped. 4
Evening star., 1961-07-14
Juvenile Confessions

According to a July 6 arti-
Gle in The Star, "The United
States Court of Appeals
barred the use of confess
sions made by juveniles as
evidence in District trials"
The court said: 1T would
offend principles of funda-
Evening star., 1961-07-14

Plans for producing a
piece of the moon" on earth
now are being developed by
the Research and Develop
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
TidweII's Station,
Cafe B~urgIarized

Tidwell's Service StatiC1l
and Cafe on Yazoo Street IL
Lexington was broken into
and a small amount of cash
taken last Friday morning.
The incident was noticed 81
200 am. as George Muscle
white, city policeman, was
making his rounds. According
to Musslewhite Charles Jester
of Greenwood was standing at
the cash register as he pass
ed. He Immediately notified
Bob TidWell, owner and Frank
Davis city policeman. Jester
was hiding in a back storage
room when found. Entry was
made by prying open a side
door to the station. No dam,
age was done to anything If
the establishment only the
cash register opened and the
cash taken.
Jester was placed in the
Holmes County Jail in Lex
ington.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
Goodman Boys, TchuIa Girls
Capture County Cage Crowns
Pantherettes
Top Durant
In Finals

"A fired-up Tchula Panther.
cite sextet had little trouble
wrapping up the girls county
basketball championship on
their home court Saturday
night breezing past the Du-
rant Tigerettes, 57-39.
The Pantherettes, led by tbs
remarkable shooting of Ger
trude Baker who accounted
for 81 points in the finals, de-
feated the Lexington Honey
Bees, 1928, in the semi-finals
Friday night.
Tchula had TO overcome a
14-12 Tigerette first quarter
lead, but outscored Durant by
a 1913 margin in the second
period and from that point or
the Pantherettes were in CON-
plete control. Tchula lead AZ
80 at the end of the tEtrd
quarter.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
COUNTY LIVESTOCK SHOW
PLANS NEAR COMPLETION
Beauty
Contest
Slated

A countrywide livestock
show under the sponsorship of
the Holmes County Fair AS
sociation will be held March
2O-21 at the National Guard
Armory on the Durant Road
it was announced Tuesday.
The Association which was
formed last week is a result
of a cooperative effort be-
tween the recently organized
Lexington Junior Chamber Of
Commerce and Chamber of
Commerce in sponsoring the
event.
A special feature of the
event will be a beauty page
ant open to all area high
school girls with the entrants
to be sponsored by business
firms in the county.
In addition, booth space will
be sold to businesses in the
county who will arrange dis
plays depicting some aspect
of their activities. Ed Will
burn Hooker heads the booth
committee.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26

she was born on September
8, 1904 and had spent her en-
tire life here. She was a mem
Der of the Midway Baptist
Church.
Funeral services were held
from the Coxburg Church on
Saturday at 200 pm. with the
Rev. S. l.. Couch and Rev.
Brown officiating. Burial was
in the Coxburg cemetery III
der the direction of Southern
Funeral Home of LeXingtcrf.
Survivors include her hus-
band, Robert A. Chisolm d
son, hurry Chisolm, Lexirs-
ton three daughters, Mrs.
Audrey Cheatham, Mrs. w.
w. WlnStead and Mrs. Eugene
Kuhn all of Lexington; a
brother, w. S. Pettus, Lexing-
ton; two sisters, Mrs. Rosa
Mae Parsons, Jackson; arG
Mrs. j. E. Gilmore, Lexing-
ton; and thirteen grandchil-
dren.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
Second Anniversary
Herald This Week
AN EDITORIAL

This Sunday the Holmes County Herald will be two
years old. 1t is fitting that we reState thc policies which
nave governed the Herald and which will continue to guide
its course. The Herald can we'll be called the newspaper
boosting Holmes County, because it has at all times at
.cnpted to promote the interests of this area and it's citizens.
In many respects two years IS a short period of time,
but IN others it can be quite lengthy. A paper, Just as a liv-
ing organism, grows and natures. We feel that the paper
owned by the citizens of Holmes County has been accepted
by these same citizens because it has ever strived to serve
the highest ends.
We feel that the Herald will do much to promote the
interests of Holmes County in months to come. AS an an
niversary approaches we again pledge our every effort to
producing the finest weekIy paper in the United States.
With faith in the continued support of the people of this
area we enter our third year confident that the Herald can
accomplish those worthy aims for which it was established.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26

that same night the Lexington
Honey Bees battle the Durant
Tigerettes in the following
game.
Semi-finals will begin Sat
urday at 1915 a. m. when
winners of the Ethel-C Carroll
ton girls meet winners of the
Durant-LeXington game. Top
seeded McAdams girls will
meet winners of the Walden
Kilmichael game at 11:30.
At 1870 pm. the winners of
the Durant-VaiGen boys meet
winners of the North Carroll
to~n-Kilmichael, and at 2::45 top
seeded McAdams boys will
meet winners of the Ethel
Lexington game to determine
who will go into the finals.
Finals will begin with the
girls game slated at 7:30 p. m.
and the boys at 8:45.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
Lead Salts Found
In Illicit Whisky

Announcement is made this
week by Fred Dunn and
George w. Rainier AlcohSi
Tax Unit Agents that Alcohol
and Tobacco Tax Division has
accumulated evidence which
discloses the presence Of dan
gerous quantities of lead salts
in illicit (moonshine) whisky.
The available facts require
that the public be informed of
the health hazard involved in
drinking this illegal whisky.
OF forty-seven samples of
moonshine whisky tested by
Alcohol and Tobacco Tax
chemists of the Atlanta Re
gion, which includes Missis-
sippi, twenty-four- samples Or
almost fifty per cent, con-
tanned lead salts in excess OF
the amount considered dan
gerOuS.
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
Need Funds To Complete
Restoration OF Cemetery

With the majority of resto-
ration work completed at
Oddfellows Cemetery, $279.-
90 is needed to repair sew
eral remaining grave sites Of
ficials said this week.
Columbus Marble Works
has reset without charge the
stones which could be repair
ed. A crew, under the direc-
ton of Fred Petty, has work
ed on the project when the
weather has permitted for the
past several weeks.
The Cemetery Association
has not been able to find any
living relatives Of the deceas-
ed persons buried in the re-
manning damaged graves.
AS a community service tie
Herald is receiving donations
to complete the repair. The
contributions will be passed
on to officials. Letters with
contributions should be adj
dressed to the Holmes County
Holmes County herald., 1961-01-26
Pickens Youth Robs
Professor Of Cor

A Mississippi State Univers-
ity Professor, John Fritz
gerald was robbed of his CT
by a teenage Pickens youth
Monday night near Pickens.
According to officials the
professor had offered the boy
a ride on a rural road be-
tween Yazoo City and Pick
ems. AS the two neared Pick
ems the young hitchhiker phi
ed a gun and threatened to
kill Mr.. Fitzgerald if he
didn't turn over the car. Fritz
gerald agreed and the youth
fled in the car.
The car was spotted en-
Highway 81 near Walden by
Highway Patrolmen as the
boy failed to dim his lights,
He was taken into custody aid
placed in the Holmes County
Jail in Lexington.