davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-19
By DAVID S. BRODER
Star staff Writer

At a moment when President
Kennedy's proposals for broaden
ing and increasing social security
benefits are being discussed, the
. Department of Health. Education
!. and Welfare has published an in
@teresting report by five Ameri-
cans who spent a month in Russia.
] in 1858, studying the Soviet social
security system.
The Americans, all experts in
various phases Of our own pro-
gram, found that the Soviet sys-
; tenn is "well administered, with a
! genuine concern for the peoples
material welfare; that for most
Of those covered the benefits are
high in relation to their wages:
and that the system is highly
popular with the people-indeed.
they said, it plays an important
role In obtaining and maintaining
public support Of the Soviet gov
ernment.
On the other hand, they also
found major gaps in the cover
age, a system of benefits that Is
oddly out of harmony with classic
Communist doctrine and a method
Of financing that is. to put 1t
politely, deceptive.
Though the basic ingredients of
the Soviet social security system
are similar to social insurance pro-
grams in Western democracies,
the Russians have adopted GER
tain methods of operation that
show how the state dominates all
elements of Soviet life.
Finoncine Benefits
The most striking example of
this to the American observers
was the system of financing the
social benefits. The American
system of payroll deductions. they
note, promotes "a strong sense of
self-reliance from the fact
that the worker, together with his
employer. is providing for his own
economic security, with the Gov
ernment merely furnishing the
administrative and planning ma
'chinery."
Soviet social security, by con-
trast, is theoretically noncontrib-
utory. Many Soviet workers told
the Americans, with obvious pride.
"The government is providing all
these social benefits for us free of
charge" They were under the
impression that nowhere else in
the world was such an example
Of openhearted generosity to be
found.
In fact, the Americans point
out. the benefits the Russian
workers receive are financed by
contributions from the state
owned enterprises that employ
them and from the general reve-
Evening star., 1961-02-19

obtain sickness benefits for the
first six months he is on his
new job.
The MedicoI Services
The Russians are provided with
a wide, variety of medical services
by the government, though most
of them are administered Sepa-
rately from the social security
system, but they have no unem-
ployment insurance. because So
Wet doctrine holds there is no
unemployment in the country.
The American observers found
there were jobs for all, but the
man who declines to take what is
Evening star., 1961-02-19
Soviet Social Security: How II Differs From Ours

work, but reduced pensions are
available. as they are in the
United States. If income is not
too great.
How Pension Is Determined
The amount Of the pension is
based on the average earnings in
the period just before retirement.
The benefit is graded from 100
per cent of pay for those with
very low wages to so per cent
Of pay for those with very high
wages. Legal minimum and maxi
NUNS are $50 and $120 a month,
with the average worker receiv-
ing about SIS month, or two
thirds of his former pay.
The American observers note
that while retirement ages are
lower in Russia than the United
States, there are strong social
presSureS for people to continue
working as long as they are able.
Because the Soviet population is
younger than ours. the current
population eligible for retirement
benefits is smaller in Russia than
it is in the United States, despite
our higher retirement ages.
The Americans also note that
pensions are relatively high COM
pared to earnings, but point out
that they need to be, in order to
provide what we would call min
imum subsistence level. Further,
they say, ''the Soviet worker gen.
orally has relatively little in the
way Of savings Of any type"
2. SICKNESS: Cash sickness
benefits are available from the
start of an illness for an unlimited
period, at rates varying from so
per cent to 80 per cent Of pay, de-
pending on length of SERVICE A
doctors certificate is required on
all claims.
Quite Liberal Program
The Americans comment that
this program in some ways "is
quite liberal, in having no waiting
period and relatively high bene-
fits for those with long service,
but in other ways it is restrictive,
especially as compared with sick
leave plans in this country that
provide full pay and with only
personal statements attesting
sickness required for short-dura-
tion cases"
3. MATERNITY: Full-pay ma
ternity benefits for women work.
ers mot dependents of workers.
are available for 16 weeks for those
with three years service and at a
reduced rate for those with less.
4. BENEFITS: Industrial injury
and disease benefits are provided
at full pay for all workers regard
less Of length of service.
Evening star., 1961-02-19
White House Coordination Plan
Emissions a Team of 'Hopkinses'

Their hazards are sharpened by
the fact they will be walking con-
Stantly on ground decided by tradi-
ton to the State Department. The
full exercise of their duties, partic-
ularly fulfillment Of the Presidents
wish to know all the alternatives
in every major situation, will en-
tail many occasions of treSpaSs.
The Och was baptized in the
blood of men like Nelson Rookie
feller and William H. Jackson
whose Federal careers were ex-
tinguished in the courses of tres
passes on John Foster Dulles
preserves. The space between a
President and his Secretary Of
State is volatile and Hopkins wide
license was possible because Roose-
welt had virtually turned his back
on Cordell Hull.
The Republicans who partic-
ipated in the executive reflex
system under Eisenhower, most of
whom also wear Phi Beta Kappa
keys, reflect strong misgivingS
over the dismemberment of the
Och. 1t had weaknesses, they
admit. but it was at least an
apparatus in being and tailored to
survive in the high pressured
atmosphere. All of their experts
on executive organization. from
Eisenhower down, are convinced
that it is essential to retain the
function of the OCB. Observing,
as Mr.. Jackson has, that brilliant
indivldualists make bad organiza-
tionS," the veteran Republicans
maintain that it takes extensive
and perservering organizations to
assert the Presidents will against
the experienced Stubbornness Of
the departments.
Bureaucracy Feared
The newcomers view is that the
apparatus had grown to the
dimensions and weight. of a
bureaucracy. There was the board
itself with eight members, either
the chiefs or second men in their
agencies involved: the Junior
OCB" with full-time assistants
from each of the agencies: staff
headed by the Och executive
officer; and some 40 inter-
departmental groups working on
country position papers and other
specialized matters.
OF all this the newcomers plan
to keep only the executive staff to
monitor the follow-through on
presidential decisions. There may
also be informal weekly meetings
of the officials who would have
sat in the previous administration
as members of the board.
But formal co-ordinating as such
is not popular with the new
administration. The workings of
the previous operation are criti-
cized for a tendency to produce
excessive compromise and take the
onus of responsibility off depart
ment officials. There is a view
that the Och tended to slow the
action of the executive branch.
The newcomers hope that by
putting greater emphasis on the
State Department as a principal
co-ordinator while subjecting it's
policy decisions to closer presi-
Dental scrutiny, they can achieve
more dynamism.
So they are going to try it their
way in the face of the Republican
warning that they are pitting
amateur judgments against the
experience of eight years. THE
test of their approach will come
after they have made the speeches
and had the good ideas" observed
one Of the retiring experts. If it
is wrong. nothing much will come
of the ideas"
Evening star., 1961-02-19

Continued From Page C-1
appeared to be strong support for
the resolution, or something SIM
liar to it, among the Afro-Asian
nations and even from the United
States delegation.
Delegates and diplomats were
somewhat puzzled by the violent
nature Of the Soviet assault on
Mr Hammarskjold and the U. N.
Did Mr.. Khrushchev really seek to
destroy the U. NJ? Or was there
another reason?
Evening star., 1961-02-19
BY CHARLES BARTLETT
Contributing Writer


The big job Of a President is to
make his decisions stick within his
own Government and an executive
order is in the works which may
create a veritable team Of Harry
HopkinseS.
The Federal reflex system will
be strikingly changed soon when
President Kennedy signs an order
to abolish the Operations Co.
ordinating Board. a quiet mechan-
ism created by Eisenhower lieu
tenants to coordinate the impact
of presidential decisions in the
cold war field. to press for their
execution, and to dredge lurking
issues up for presidential judg-
ments.
Mr.. Kennedy has already al
luded to the difficulty that a chief
executive finds in getting a clear
response to his decisions.
A student of the system under
Franklin D. Roosevelt. Jonathan
Daniels, wrote that half of
Presidents suggestions can be
safely forgotten by a cabinet
officer. If he asks a second time
about his suggestions, he can be
safely told it is being investigated.
And If he asks third time" Mr..
Daniels observed, "a wise cabinet
officer will give him at least part
Of what he suggests. But only
occasionally, except about the most
important matters, do Presidents
ever get around to asking three
times"
Robert Lovett. who served under
two presidents, once observed that
policy making is like love-making
among elephants. This is true, he
SAID. because there is lots of
trumpeting. everything of signif-
icance transpires at a high level,
and nothing comes Of it for three
years.
The Different Concept
Mr.. Kennedy's plan is a barom-
eter of significant difference
between him an dhis predecessor.
The Eisenhower concept was that
the bulging Federal government
could only be held in shape with
a tight and precise organization
at the top. Mr.. Kennedy'S emerg-
ing philosophy is that the gangling
structure responds less to organ
.zation than to highly personalized
leadership.
He is moving therefore to sub
stitute team of Phi Beta Kappa'd
Harry Hopkinses, the cream of his
academic harvest for the Och
machinery. The body's inter-
nedy that the Soviet Union was
sincerely determined to bring
about effective disarmament with
the establishment Of such strict
international control that no one
could arm in secret and commit
aggression"
The exchange Of friendly notes,
even while the Soviet Union and
the United States were at odds
over the Congo, underscored the
Khrushchev-K v-Kennedy tentative"
rapport. Mr.. Kennedy, at his
press conference Wednesday, care
fully avoided commitments on the
possibility of an April meeting
with Mr.. Khrushchev if the Soviet
leader should come to the U. N.
Assembly. But once again he
hinged his cautious comment on
the Khrushchev intentions, which
he repeated he did not know.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
PARTY HONORS BIRTHDAY
OF TERENCE MIDGETT, SIX

On Friday afternoon, July 81,
Terence Midget, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Ellsworth, Jr. of Manteo, cele-
brated his sixth birthday with a
party at his home.
A patriotic theme was used. Six
Blue candles adorned a, fifty star
American flag cake which was cut
and served with ice cream and
cherry drink. Favors were sparklers
and American flags. Christine,
Terence's sister, and his cousin
Mona, assisted in serving and di-
rected activities.
Among those present were the
honoree, his sister, Christine, his
brother, Ellsworth, III, James Bell,
Warren Meekins, Timothy Greet,
Cameron McCown, Malcolm Fear
ing, Michael Midgette, Linda Jones,
Patricia Provo, Martha Peele, Ern-
est, III, Mona, and Dorothy Meek
ms, Wayne Lee Austin, Charles
Midget, Jr., Andrea Lynn and
Jacquelyn Tillett, Ray, Jr., and
Landry Gray, CASTOR Midget, Jr.,
Joseph Grgurich.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
cOLlNGTON PERSONALS

Carriene O'Neal, the son of Mr.
and Mrs. Albert O'Neal is back
home after spending week al
summer camp at Mill Stone.
Miss Gloria O'Neal and Miss Peg.
gy Beacham are visiting Peggy's
grandmother in Norfolk, Mrs
Beacham.
Mrs. Tonic Hayward is home
after visiting her daughter in Nor
folk.
Allen Beasley is in Elizabeth City
Hospital.
Mrs. Rose Liverman and Mrs
Beasley visited Allen Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Delbert Stutson
and Rulalph Stutson visited Mr.. and
Mrs. Delbert's son in Texas last
week.
Fred Haywood and son Fred
die visited Mr.. and Mrs. Henry C.
Haywood last week end.
Mr.. and Mrs. Midget, of South
Norfolk, Mr.. and Mrs. Parker Of
Mays Head visited Mr.. and Mrs
Earnest Haywood Saturday after
noon.
Mrs. Teenie Haywood and daugh-
ter spent Tuesday in Powells Pcirt.
Mr.. and Mrs. Marvin Toler of
Rodanthe visited Mr.. Toler's aunt
Mrs. Teenie Haywood, Sunday;
Also her mother and sister, Mrs
Robert Toler and Miss Edith Toler
Mrs. Sam A.. Daniels and chill
dren visited Mrs. Cloey Moore
Wednesday.
Mrs. Dali Hubbard of Powe,ls
Point, Mrs. Julia Gusie and chill
dren of Mass. Mr.. and Mrs. Chester
Sestrunk and daughter Zebra Of
Norfolk visited Mrs. Teenie Hay
wood, Wednesday
Mrs. Eugene Daniels visited her
mother, Mrs. Haywood, Tuesday.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
BLUEFISH. BLUE MARLIN,
DOLPHIN AND AMBERJACK
HEAVY IN DARE WATERS

Bluefish, blue marlin, dolphin,
amberjack, white marlin, king and
Spanish mackerel, and just about
every fish known to coastal waters
have been taken with rod and reel
by anglers fishing waters of the
Dare Coast Outer Banks during the
past week.
At Oregon Inlet fabulous catches
of blues in the one to one and half
pound class have been taken. One
of the best reported catches was
by j. w. Foreman and party of
Elizabeth City. From Capt. Jesse
Etheridge's Caredwyn which speci-
alize in bluefishing and bottom
fishing, this group boated $50 on
Tuesday. On the same date a party
aboard Capt. Willie Etheridge's
Chez Chez caught over 800 blues,
but the names of party was not re-
ported.
Literally thousands of bluefish
are being caught daily, not only
from the charter boats with par
ties up to five persons aboard, but
also from private cupboard powered
craft, in the surf and from the
ocean piers.
In addition to nice blues, anglers
fishing Hatteras Inlet are now
catching Spanish and king macker-
els, although most of the latter are
caught offshore in the vicinity of
World War II shipwrecks sunk by
enemy submarines.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
DRAFT BOARD MAILING FORM

The Dare County Draft Board,
according to Mrs. B. j. Baum,
clerk, is mailing SIS forms No. 127.
The board requests that whoever
receives form will please forward
same to address enclosed as soon
as possible. If anyone knows of a
change of address, the board also
asks that the forms be forwarded
with corrected address.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
REV. EDWARDS FUNERAL

Funeral Services for the Rev.
Robert Wade Edwards, IS, who
died Wednesday, will be conducted
Friday morning at IL o'clock at the
Assembly of God Church in Buxton,
and another service in Edenton at
II o'clock Saturday morning, with
burial in the family plot. Mr.. Ed
wards, retired missionary, is sur
vived by his widow, Mrs. Doris Ma
loney Edwards; two sons, Linwood
M. Edwards of Rome, Ga, and Rob
ert Wade Edwards, Jr., of Buxton;
one sister and four grandchildren.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28

ton Jones and Mrs. James Gibbs.
Mrs. Jack Windley Of Newport
News visited Mr.. and Mrs. Preston
Jones.
Mrs. Herman Smith of Washing
ton visited Mr.. and Mrs. Preston
Jones.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1961-07-28
KITTY HAWK PERSONALS

Mr.. and Mrs. M. v. Miller Of
Silver Spring, Md, spent last week
end with Mrs. Millar's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. John E. Finn.
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
Browning War Mothers
Continue Planning For
War Memorial

The Browning War Mothers
club has not given up the idea
of erecting a memorial to the
veterans of past wars, said a
committee from that organiza.
ton to a committee of the local
American Legion post at a meet.
ing at the barracks building Tues
day night.
Bridget Nightgun and Mae Viii.
hanson, representing the War
Mothers. said the best policy now
is to wait until such time that II
can be determined whether the
existing memorial standing in
the city park can be salvaged
and moved to a suitable location
at the grounds of the Museum
of the Plains Indian.
Should it not be salvaged, the
committee said the project would
have to start from scratch, re
quiring donations of native stone
lumber, cement, and other mater
ials, including labor.
The immediate concern of the
War Mothers is to erect the base
on which can be placed the
names of veterans, and the statue
to mount 1t can be the object OF
later concern and planning, the
committee said.
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
Montana Picnic AT
Mesa Attracts
Record Gathering

MESA, Ariz., Feb. 16. (SpeciaD
One of the largest crowds in the
history of the Montana Picnic as
sociatfon, estimated at more than
1900 persons, attended the goth
annual get-together at Mesa Jack
rabbit stadium Sunday.
Flathead county, with 211 per-
sons attending, sent the greatest
number of guests to the event.
Other high ranking counties in
cluded Lake county with 125 per
sons; Park, 109, and Gallatin
county with 102 persons.
Duane Sammons, of Cut Bank,
was named president CT the or
ganization, succeeding W. H.
Bill" BARLEY of Miles City, who
has served in that capacity for
the past two years.
Vice presidents and committee
chairmen, in addition to BARLEY,
include Les SpangelO of Gardin-
er, F. w. Noble of Conrad, Joe
Pace of Dillon and Carl Katzen-
berger of Highwood. Hank Oef-
stos and Helen Oefstos of Malta
were renamed treasurer and sec
retary, respectively.
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
Little Badger News
Ivan ST. Goddard

A birthday party was held at
the school for Shirley st. God
dard on February 16. She had
II guests, cake and KoolAid
were served. She also received
many gifts. Shirley is IL years
old now.
Irene Butterfly and Carmen
were Sunday visitors at the teach
erage.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Many Guns
were visiting the school during
the week.
Sunday morning mass at the
school was well attended, al,
though the weather wasn't very
good.
Our deepest sympathy goes to
the relatives of our friend, Mrs.
Mary Spotted Bear who passed
away during the past week. \
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
State Resea| Grain Storage
Payments To Be Advanced

ed by present economic condi-
tons and the cost-price squeeze
on farmers.
The advance storage payment
rate will be z cents per bushel.
Payments in Montana will be
made on resealed 1859 and 1853
crop wheat and barley and 1857
crop wheat. The other half of
storage payments farmers may
earn by storing the resealed
grain TO loan maturity will be
paid after maturity dates - Mar.
81 for wheat and April 80 for
barley. Grain redeemed by the
owner prior to maturity earns
a pro-rated share of the storage
payment.
Deschamps pointed out that the
reseal program Is designed to
keep grains on the farm. The
storage payments help defray
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
LEGION AUXILIARY MEETS

Sixteen members of the Ameri-
can Legion Auxiliary Unit 127
met in the elementary school Ii
brary on Wednesday, February 8
and were led in flag ceremonies
by the local Brownie group who
are sponsored by the auxiliary:
The auxiliary is also sponsoring
a rattle of a bowling ball, bag
and shoes, which will end with
the drawing on March 18. Hos
tesses at the monthly meeting
included Mrs. Elda Becker, Mrs.
Alice Rodgers and Mrs. Ken Nor
skog.
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23

Requests for federal cost-shar-
ing on agricultural conservation
practices to be carried out this
year are now being accepted at
the County Agricultural Stabili-
zation and Conservation office,
starting February Is, Kyle Nom
berg, ASC chairman, reminded
farmers and ranchers this week.
Cost-sharing is offered under
the Agricultural Conservation
program to encourage producers
to carry out needed soil, water,
wildlife and forestry conserving
practices, Momberg explained.
The rate of cost-sharing covers
a substantial part of the pro-
.ducer's out-of-pocket cost = often
approaching half the cost.
Cost-sharing requests will be
accepted throughout the year but
those filed by February %, 1861
will be considered in the initial
commitment of funds. Requests
received after that date will be
considered as funds are available
either by release from producers
who do not complete approved
practices or by reallocation OF
funds between counties.
Momberg pointed out that an.
other source of funds will be the
1862 AC program which will GO
into operation after July l, 1861
and operate concurrently with
the 1861 program.
Producers are urged to careful
ly consider their operations and
request assistance only for those
practices they are reasonably GER
tain of being able to complete
during the year. This will avoid
commitment of funds to practices
which may not be completed with
the consequent loss of the con
servation work they might have
encouraged if committed to q
The Glacier reporter., 1961-02-23
Croff-Wren News
by Aleen SpargUr


The flu bug has surely been
busy out our way.
There were only about half of
the primary room present last
week due to colds and sore
throats
even had my share. | spent
four days in the Browning hos
pital. That's surely a good place
to be when you are i'll as l got
the best of care from Friday un-
til Monday.
Mrs. Davney went home i'll Fri
day morning so we called Mr..
Dresser to substitute for her.
Mrs. Floyd Monroe substituted
in the primary room Friday fore
noon until Mr.. Dresser came.
The twin boys, Donald and Dan
iel Luce, from the radar station,
entered the eighth grade Tues
day.
A Valentine party was held in
each room Tuesday afternoon.
We had homemade cookies and
popcicles for treats.
Mrs. Bird from the base made
the cookies and Mr. Manley
brought the popcicles.
Mrs. Herron's room is work
ing on an eskimo unit, right in
keeping with out recent snow and
cold weather.
Jennifer Lenowsky, a third
grade pupil, left for North Da-
kota today. She is one of the
base children.
The community is planning an
old time dance February 25 if
the weather permits.
We plan getting the Sinclair
Boys from Browning to furnish
the music. We heard they are
very good musicians and keep
you on your toes whenever some
one else isn't stepping on them.
Jeff Harwood called today and
said his mother, Lizzie Peterson,
who is in the Memorial Rest
Home fell and broke her hip this
morning.