davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-10-08

In ruling that all prisoners in the
District who cannot pay their fines are
entitled to benefits Of the INDECENT
Prisoners Act, the United States Court
of Appeals has made it plain that even
handed justice is everyone's right. The
judges rejected the District Govern
ment's contention that INDECENT pris-
oners confined under so-called local"
laws within the jurisdiction OF the
Municipal Court were not entitled to
release after serving 80 days Of SEN
tence imposed for failure to pay fine.
The INDECENT Prisoners Act, as
revised by Congress in 1948, extended
the release privilege to any pauper
sentenced "for violation Of any law OF
the United States by any court estab-
lished by enactment of Congress" The
District had raised the question OF
whether the local vagrancy act was
claw Of the United States" The ap-
pellate judges (Fahy, BaStian and
Burger) held that, having been enacted
by Congress, the vagrancy statute, while
applying only in the District of Colum-
bia, was also United States law within
the meaning of the INDECENT Prisoners
Act.
AS the appellate judges pointed out,
: there is no reason to believe that Con-
gress intended to discriminate against
minor offenders, namely, those COM
mitted by the Municipal Court, when it
provided for release under the "pauper'S
oath" law of major offenders committed
by the District Court. To draw such
distinction would be senseless and
unjust.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Strange Timing

II VI IIlC NdIIOIldl NopIOd1
Planning Commission see specific faults
in the design or location plans for
WaShington's inner-loop freeway SyS-
tenn, they have duty to speak up loudly
and clearly, so the issues can be resolved.
But surely it is little late in the day
to be raising doubts as to whether the
system should be built at all.
Yet that was the implication Of
comments by Alexander C. Robinson III,
an architect who lives in Cleveland,
which led the commission the other
day to defer" for another month its
consideration of projects for which the
District wants to seek funds in the
1868 budget. Among other things, Mr..
Robinson said he was disturbed by "the
damage" that similar expresSways have
caused in other cities, and he wondered
whether there aren't better ways" Of
handling traffic.
Well, the impact of inner-loop free
ways most aSsuredly will be drastic,
especially in certain residential neigh
borhoods, requiring that routes be
selected with the utmost care. But this
is a price which has been recognized
ever since the concept Of the loop was
advocated by the Planning Commission
itself more than decade ago. The
simple fact is that the loop was agreed
upon because there were no "better
ways" in sight to protect the central
city from traffic Strangulation, to pro-
vide outlets for the numerous new
freewayS and bridges under construction
from the suburbs, and to afford
motorists either easy access to down.
town Washington or, II they choose, to
bypass it completely. Indeed, the harm
which would occur in both residential
and business areas by the floods OF
automobiles If no inner loop were built
is one of the reasons for its adoption.
What about rapid transit? The basic
premise of the extensive Metropolitan
Area Transportation Survey conducted
by the Planning Commission a few
years ago was that neither transit nor
freeways alone could solve the problem,
but that both were needed. And the
inner loop was perhaps the most crucial
portion Of the entire freeway system
that was recommended.
Mr.. Robinson, of course, has heard
all of this many times during his four
years as a commission member. Yet
not until now, after one portion Of the
system is well under construction and
after all Washington planning in recent
years has been predicated on the as
sumption that the system would be
built, has he seen fit to speak up. In
fact, in a statement he filed as part
of the Transportation Survey, Mr..
Robinson raised serious questions as to
whether the rapid transit system pro-
posed-not the freeway system-was
feasible.
Perhaps by the next meeting there
will be specific objections to one or
another of the four inner-loop projects
which are before the commission for its
advice. We hope, however, that the
discussions at that time are limited to
the practical realities Of the situation,
and not to fuzzy generalities which
serve only to confuse and disrupt.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Appreciates Critic

I wish to express long over
due appreciation to Frank
Getlein, Star art critic.
His reviews, not only Of the
exhibits themselves, but also
of the physical aspects Of the
individual galleries are al
ways stimulating.
The choice of prints shown
in The Sunday Star as well
as the descriptive captions
accompanying them, are just
enough to tease the reader
into seeing the exhibits per-
sonally.
Many thanks to The Star
and Mr.. Getlein.
Suzanne II. Kraft
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Berlin Policy

1UNCIo VI 1lCC0OIh oAAOubA
be greatly disturbed by the
indications that this admin
istration seems to be con-
ditioning the American pub
lie for another surrender to
atheistic communism. The
average American doesn't
have to be a Sherlock Holmes
to detect the coming letdown
of the free people Of West
Berlin.
While our President reit-
crates his policy Of firmness
in West Berlin, his foreign
policy advisers are issuing
statements such as the fol-
lowing: Senator Fulbright
says, we also are TO blame in
Berlin; now that the elec-
tions are over in Germany.
let's sit down and deal with
KhruShchev.
Adlai Stevenson states
Berlin should be a free city!
Khrushchev says ditto! Sem
ator Muskie calls for recog-
milton of East Germany-this
coming after q talk with
General Clay, who himself
has indicated to West Ger
many a change In policy.
These and other statements
. can do nothing but convince
the Reds that our Presidents
tough talk Is not to be taken
seriously.
II the President Is sincere
and he wishes to maintain
the freedom Of the Western
world, let him apply the same
gag to his advisers as he
recently did to the military.
Alvin r. Hanlein.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Highway PIonner

Regardless Of how essen
tial parks and open spaces
are in q city-and no one
appreciates these more than
1.-The fact must be faced
that when, through poor
planning, the only space
left to make provision for
safe and efficient traffic
flow is the land in our
parks, then some of this
park land must be used.
Nothing should take prece-
dence over the preservation
Of human life.
Some Of our so-called park
areas have become inaccessi-
BILE jungleS, unequipped with
recreational facilities, and
useless to anyone and will
undoubtedly remain that
way. So it is unrealistic for
people to fight for their
preservation.
To get bad traffic. includ-
ing trailer trucks, off narrow,
congested Wisconsin avenue,
Foxhall road and Arizona and
Nebraska avenues, Glover
Archbold park must be used
for q six-lane express road.
Much Of it is a jungle-like
valley which makes 1t per-
feet for this, but useless as
q park. 1t is indispensable le
for this to be a six-lane road,
to connect with the six-lane
bridge to be built over Three
Sisters Islands, to prevent q
bottleneck. And it Is common
sense that in this traffic
congeSted area, there should
be upstream and downstream
connections between this
bridge and the roads on both
sides Of the Potomac River.
To settle the matter Of
using land donated to the
District Of Columbia in the
Glover-Archbold Park, for
part Of the road, the only
honorable thing to do is
condemn the land needed
and pay the donors for it.
Isabel c. Moore.
Evening star., 1961-10-08

a Subscriber: We, in
the District, are left to the
uncontrolled lawless acts Of
an undisciplined mob. Our
places and grounds are run
over, our property destroyed,
our persons subjected to in
jury and abuse. our very lives
threatened as well as threats
to burn down our houses.
only because we attempt to
protect our property from
robbery and wanton destruc-
ton. Is there no remedy?
Are the officers not respon-
sible for the conduct Of their
men? Soldiers 60 in COM
panies of five, ten and twen-
ty, often with sidearms; they
take what they please and
destroy what they do not
want. Our fruit trees have
been stripped, our cornfields
have been overrun and
plucked, our cows MIXED.
our fences torn down. Our
potatoes are pulled up half
grown and useless, celery
plants plucked up and strewn
about the ground, young
cabbages uselessly destroyed,
and turnips carried off by
the bushel. We complain to
the officers, who are very
civil, but it cannot have been
their men; if we will identify
them as their men they shall
be severely punished We
might as soon identify the
crows that pluck our corn;
but we do know that the men
of all the regiments do run
over the country without re-
straint. Are we to be aban-
doned to this lawless mob,
or must we attempt to de-
fend our lives and property
with force of arms?" The
Stars editor advised in a
note: "The Government will
pay when the legal proof of
the injury, and that it was
done by Government troops,
may be made"
Evening star., 1961-10-08
100 Years Ago

IL was the loea OF Gen.
George Mcclellan to sur
round the Capital with forti-
fications early in the Civil
War. BY this time a century
ago, the Federal City's cir
cumference Of some 81 miles
was studded with forts, re-
doubts, lunettes and bat
teries. Little Mac" not only
wanted to make the seat Of
Union government safe from
Confederate attack, but he
wanted to release his ever
growing Army of the Poto-
mac from guard duty so it
could take the field. In Gen
eral Orders No. 18, printed
in The Star of october 4.
1861, Mcclellan decreed that:
"The works in the vicinity
of Washington are named as
follows-The work south of
Hunting Creek, Fort Lyon;
that on Shooters Hill, Fort
Ellsworth; that to the left
of the Sc mil ary, Fort
Worth; that in front Of Lees
house, Fort Ward; that near
the mouth of Four-Mile
Greek, Fort Scott: that on
Richardson's Hill, Fort Rich
ardson; that south Of Chain
Bridge, Fort Ethan Allen:
that near Chain Bridge, on
Leesburg road, Fort Marcy;
that on cliff north Of Chain
Bridge, B Battery Martin
Scott; that near Georgetown,
Battery Cameron: that on
the left Of Tennallytown,
Fort Gaines: that at Ten
nallytown, Fort Pennsyl-
vania: that at Emory's
Chapel, Fort Massachusetts;
that on Prospect Hill, near
Bladensburg, Fort Lincoln;
that next on the left Of Fort
Lincoln, Fort Saratoga; that
next on the left Of Fort
Saratoga, Bunker Hill :"
While official Washington
began to feel more secure,
the citizenry was not alto
gether sold on the idea Of
having the city and its en-
virons turned into a huge
armed camp. Farmers on
both sides Of the Potomac
were hard hit, their orchards
and gardens ruined by troops
and their fields turned into
tented encampments. The
Star of october 10, 1851,
printed this grievance from
Evening star., 1961-10-08

which you desire to join?
Answer-"C a pitaliStic
America, the transatlantic
octopus, is trying to fasten
its greedy tentacles around
the whole globe. The resur-
rected Babylon is trying to
seduce the people of the
world while pushing them
toward war. The freedom of
the Western democrats is but
liberty to rob, coerce, and
slaughter. They are mer-
chants in human blood, sit
ting on a bag of gold, ready
to exterminate all people who
have the nerve to protest"
Shall we add that a lead
ing spokesman of the Ortiz
odoX Church in Soviet Rus
sia, whose hand is now upon
the door of the World Coun-
Gil, is the same one who
when he was in America in
1856, harangued in bitter
terms about Western colo
nialism? When in New York
he was asked, what do you
have to say about the cruel
and enslaving colonialism of
the Soviets in the Balkan
States? He refused to COM
ment! In an account Of the
recent meeting of the Pam
Eastern Orthodox Commun-
ion on the Island of Rhodes.
Time Magazine reports that
the 32-year-old bishop, who
represented the Russian
Church "spouted Khru-
shchev's line"
1t would seem that these
statements out of the mouths
of Russian Church leaders
suggest the verdict regard
ing their admission to the
World Council. It is evident
that such a subServient
church is a Charley Nc
Carthy on the knee Of the
Soviets and that the words
originate in the throat of
the Kremlin. 1t is perfectly
apparent that the World
Council is now so significant
that the slave syStem-whose
lackey the Orthodox Church
in Russia is-desires to in
filtrate that global organiza-
ton as it is endeavoring to do
with the Church of Christ
everywhere in the world. The
knock at the door means
that a Trojan horse is ready
to be pulled inside the City
of Christian Fellowship"
The reply to the alarm
has already been written by
st. Paul. What fellowship
hath righteousness with un-
Righteousness, and what COM
munion hath light with dark
ness?" With that answer
would 60 for the othodox
Church In Russia in its
humiliating chains, the fer
vent prayer that a day will
come when, rid of their en-
. slaved leaders, the devout
millions Of that great COM
munion may be included
where they rightfully belong
in the world-fold of the
Christ who went to a cross
rather than deny His faith.
But, in the present global
struggle between light and
darkness, the World Council
of Churches is no place for
a brainwaShed church!
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Is Years Ago

Kansas Gov. Alfred NJ.
Landon, Republican presi-
Dental nominee, called the
Social Security Act a "cruel
hoax" and q fraud on the
workingman." as he cam
paigned against Franklin D.
Roosevelt 25 years ago. The
Star Of September 81, 1885,
quoted Mr.. Landon: This law
is unjust, unworkable, stupid
ly drafted and wastefully fl
nanced. :. :" He said there
was every probability that
cash paid in on compulsory
old-age insurance will be used
for current deficits and new
extravagances. If the present
compulsory insurance plan
remains in force, our old
people are only too apt to find
the cupboard bare. :" The
Governor pledged himself to
support a "pay-as-you-go"
old-age pension system "as q
matter of social justice. :"
Evening star., 1961-10-08
Inside Turkey

AS q Turkish national. I
was shocked and dismayed
to read the article by Con-
stantine Brown "A Question
Mark in Turkey" (Septem-
Der 2S).
How can a man who claims
to have known Turkey since
1920 be so ill-informed and
so misrepresent the facts?
A man busy making Tur-
key into a vigorous democ-
racy" does not hold paper on
a day to day ration to the
newspaper. industry to be cut
off, the newspaper closed and
the reporters jailed If they
dare to disagree with his
methods. A man with the
best interests of his people
at heart does not instigate o
riot where the hand of friend
is raised against friend, and
which indeed shocks the
world, for his own political
ends. AS to those over
whelming votes" Mr.. Brown
blandly ignores-if he ever
knew-the fact that Men
deres' men were transported
from one voting district to
another to vote at each;
that the townspeople, by no
means rich, had to bear the
burden Of taxes while the
farmers - the majority-did
not, to pay for his grand
ideas Of a financially poor
Turkey becoming a monu-
ment to his ego. That while
he razed the buildings of
Istanbul the people were not
paid in full for their property
and that the lack of living
space made families double
up in quarters adequate for
one; that his austerity pro-
gram made prices soar. the
black market flourish, and
people not able to obtain
medicine for their needs.
This names but a few of the
hardships this man Of up
standing morality brought
upon his people. He brought
the country to such a plight
that no country was willing
to further our credit. How
much of the millions that
America loaned us was used
for the good of the people
after it had passed through
the pockets Of Menderes and
his ilk? What use are fac
tories If you do not have the
material with which to
function?
The penalty for treason IN
any country is death, and it
was proved that Menderes
had betrayed the hopes and
trust of the people who put
him in power. How else could
this heavy yoke be removed?
He "rigged" the elections!
1t is intolerable to hear
the name Of Menderes spo-
ken in the same breath as
that of Mustafa Kemal
PaSha. The two cannot be
compared.
Mr.. Brown has done both
our countries q disservice by
slapping the face of the best
friend and trusted ally that
America has.
Vedia Ucar Welsh.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used Il
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiu be
returned only when accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
u. NJ: Interpreter

The British diplomat, Lord
Home, made a fine address
before the United Nations.
He described the USSR en-
pire as "colonialism." This
is diplomatic language for
slavery" The four free
doms, not any freedom, can
be found within its borders.
Unless it is freedom to in
vestigate the scientific means
to bury" the Western en-
pire of freedom. Let us not
call a spade to bury us any,
thing other than a dagger.
Matthew A. McKavitt.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
Who's 7 here?
BY DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chsplain of the United States Senate

4ACA Z 10 q kltOCk lOT dQ=-
mission at the door of the
World Council of Churches.
This global body of Chris
tians is to meet at New
Delhi, India, in November.
The Council now includes in
its membership 17S Protes-
tant, Orthodox, and Anglican
churches. The movement
looking toward unity has
gained such momentum as
to be current headline news.
The knock at the door
where, this global union of
believers will be holding
their Council is of great
concern to every informed
Christian. To the query from
the inside, who's there?"
the reply on the outside
is, "The Russian Orthodox
Church" 1t perhaps ought to
be said that the applicant is
the largest non-Roman reli-
gious body in the world.
Those seeking admission to
any church are asked to
make public profession Of
their faith. We here propose to
question the leaders Of the
Russian church as to their
attitudes and beliefs in the
present sorry state of the
world. We will let the patri-
archs and metropolitans, the
chief officers Of the church
hierarchy Of this ancient COM
munion now behind the Iron
Curtain, answer in their own
recorded words the questions
propounded.
Question - Do you believe
in the atheistic Communist
system which by its fetters
on the church vows to stamp
out all religious beliefs among
the Russian people and which
is now, by its restrictions,
gradually crippling the
church of Christ? Answer -
THE noble and truly human
aims of the Soviet regime
we sincerely recognize as es-
tablished by God and ex-
pressing the will of the
people. Our church calls upon
all its faithful children
honestly to submit to the
regime in all things"
Question-How does the
Russian church appraise the
action Of the U. N. in turn
ing back the Communist in
vasion in Korea in which
righteous cause many thou
sands of those dear to the
members of the World Coun-
Gil, especially United States
crusaders, laid down their
lives: Answer-"The United
States interfered in the in
ternal affairs of the Korean
people. Any interference in
such a family affair can be
prompted only by selfish
quest for advantage. The
Russian Orthodox Church
condemned this intervention
and the inhuman annihila-
ton of the peaceful popula-
ton of Korea by the Ameri-
can air forces who dissem-
mated Colorado beetles and
resorted to the use Of bac-
THEOLOGICAL weapons"
Question-What- was the
attitude of the Russian
church to the brutal sup
preston by bayonets and
tanks of the uprising to de-
fend their liberty on the part
of the brave people Of Hun
gary? Answer-"We condemn
certain foreign circles for at
tempts to destroy the people;
democracy in Hungary"
Question-What is the at
titude Of the Russian Church
to the free world, especially to
America which is endeavor-
ing to bring peace with JUS
tice to all people and who.
with good will to all men,
make up the vast majority
Of those banded together in
the fellowship of Christians
Evening star., 1961-10-08

The National Museum had
its first Sunday opening here
so years ago on an expert
mental basis and it proved
a success. The Star of Octo-
ber 9, 1911, reported that
the Museum had been
visited by more than $4,000
persons the day before
triple the number it usually
attracted on a weekday.
Sunday openings had been
debated by Smithsonian Of
ficials for half a century be-
fore they actually tried it.
Evening star., 1961-10-08
FROM THE STAR FILES...
so Years Ago

Two Northern Pennsyl-
vania towns were wiped out
by floods and fire so years
ago. The Star of October
/, 1911, reported the dam of
the Bayless Pulp & Paper
Co. had burst, sweeping away
the mountain towns Of Aus
tin and Costello. Fire fol-
lowed breaks in a natural
gas main. Over 1000 build
ings were wrecked and be-
tween $50 and 1000 were
believed drowned, crushed or
burned to death. The disas-
ter came after a week of
heavy rains. Austin was situ-
ated in a tiny valley and
the flood poured right down
the main street.
Evening star., 1961-01-30

was in the diplomatic GAL
lery), Secretary of the Treas
ury and Mrs. Dillon, Senator
Mike Mansfield, Senator
Bourke Hickenlooper, Sena-
tor and Mrs. John Sherman
Cooper. Mr.. and Mrs. Clark
Clifford. Mr.. and Mrs. Philip
Graham. Mr.. and Mrs.
James Reston. and Mr.. and
Mrs. Powell.
Mrs. Lyndon johnson did
not attend the luncheon as
she was giving one herself
in the Vice Presidents
chambers. in honor of Mrs.
Mansfield.
Mrs. Kennedy returned i'm
mediately to the White
House, and this afternoon
will meet with her secretaries
to go over her mail.
Evening star., 1961-01-30

slowly from the elevator on
the gallery floor of the Capt.
tol. speaking to many as she
passed. -
For this momentous occa-
sion Jacqueline Kennedy had
chosen o plum wool suit
fashioned with q boxy jacket
and fastened with four large
black Persian lamb buttons.
Her hat was the typical
pill box she prefers and was.
Of black velvet.
On the lapel of her suit
she wore . gold ruby-studded
pin.
When the First Lady took
the aisle seat in the first row
Of the Executive Gallery, she
paused for q minute to chat
across the aisle with Mrs.
Lyndon johnson.
Mrs. johnson, wearing q
green wool suit and match
ing hat. that she had chosen
for the inauguration, was
Evening star., 1961-01-30

day was that all Of the mem
bers Of the cabinet (they all
attended with the exception
of Secretary of Health, Edu-
cation and Welfare Rubi-
coff, who is In Florida look
ing into the Cuban refugee
problem) were wearing white
carnations in their lapels,
since January 80 Is the birth
day anniversary of the late
President Franklin D. Roose-
welt.
Following the Presidents
address he attended an I'M
official private luncheon
given by. Senator and Mrs.
William Fulbright in the
Senate Foreign Relations
Committee Room.
Luncheon
Among those feasting on
broiled chicken were Vice
President Lyndon Johnson,
Netherlands Ambassador and
Mrs. van Roijen (She also