davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-28
THE FOREIGN SCENE
THE FOREIGN SCENE
Our Strength at the Summit:
Warning and Bargain Point

ton to the problem which so long
has divided East and West. Since
no negotiations are planned at
the meeting, it is expected that
the leaders will discuss this very
specific topic only in generalities,
allowing each leader to feel out
the others position.
The Presidents talks with the
Soviet leader will be limited to the
most pressing international issues,
but his conversations with PreSi-
dent Charles de Gaulle are ex-
pected to range over the whole
spectrum of international affairs.
President Kennedy said last
week such serious conversations
do not require a pale unanimity."
and it is likely he will not find
unanimity when the discussions
turn to problems facing the NATO
alliance.
France has started an ambi-
tiouS nuclear arms program, even
though the United States would
rather see her rely on NATO for
her primary defense than on her
own resources. President Ken
nedy also has said he would like
France included in any agree
ment to ban further nuclear
testing.
NATO Issue
President de Gaulle has OBJ
jected to placing the French
Army under the integrated NATO
command, mainly because he is
not convinced the United States is
thoroughly committed to defend
ing Western Europe. He has indi-
Gated he would prefer France to
retain direct control over her own
troops.
The problem at this time is
mostly academic since the great
bulk of Frances military is in
Algeria, but the issue indicates
President de Gaulle's desire to
have a stronger voice in making
Western policy. Somehow, he
wants to bring France back to
her former place of prominence
in world affairs, dominated at
present by the United States,
Britain and the Soviet Union.
Before leaving Tuesday night.
Mr.. Kennedy will spend an hour
with Israeli Prime Minister David
Ben-Gurion. The Israeli leader
is sure to tell him about Arab
military buildupS in the Middle
East, and the ever present threat
of war in that unstable area.
Israel would like the major
powers to affirm it's boundaries.
Tomorrow will be Mr.. Ken
nedy's 44th birthday. BY the end
of next week, he may feel even
older.
Evening star., 1961-05-28
Politics Enter

Since President Kennedy had
given his personal Endorsement to
the committee headed by Eleanor
Roosevelt, Walter Reuther and
Milton Eisenhower, it was inevit-
able that politics would be drawn
into the controversy. Aligned
against the President by the end
OF the week were the Republican
leaders of Congress, as we'll as sew
eral Democrats.
Nobody seemed to object to the
money involved-$15 million to be
raised from public contributions
since the United States had spent
S45 million already in helping to
launch the Inflated invasion.
What worried critics was that
"blackmail" to Castro might harm
further American prestige, already
low because of the invasion fiasco.
The man who started the con-
troverSy remained quiet in Cuba.
He probably never thought his
ransom proposal-idly mentioned
in the midst of a two-and-a-hal
hour speech-would have been so
eagerly seized upon in this coun-
try.
Evening star., 1961-05-28

granting that the Pentagon may
get the reserves in uniform quick
ly, wonder whether they will be
ready for combat without addi-
tional weeks of training as mem
bers of field units.
Evening star., 1961-05-28

valuable prisoner because of his
potential worth.
If a nobleman was captured, it
was considered a point of honor
for his serfs to pay the money
necessary for his release. Some
times, an especially valued knight
was ransomed by the king himself.
And as late as 1880, England
and France concluded a treaty
which listed the correct ransoms"
for prisoners of war. A French
admiral, for instance, was worth
go British seamen.
In modern times, however, ran
SONS as way to dispose of pris-
onerS have all but disappeared.
Thus, Fidel Castro's offer last
week came as surprise to most
people, but it was not very long
before sides were drawn between
those who saw the offer as "inter-
national blackmail" and those who
saw it as a humanitarian gesture.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

longer to correct the same
problem In an adult than IN
a child since children's bones
are more responsive to pres
sure than adults are.
The appliances worn by an
adult may range from a
strap-like cap with app1i-
ances attached, worn only at
home and during sleep, to ap-
pliances which are cemented
into the mouth and are re-
moved only by the orthodon-
tiSt. Simple problems can be
corrected in a few months.
but usually treatment will
last one or two years or more.
There is no doubt that the
Improvement in appearance
which such treatment gives
is often startling. If you have
a problem like this, your fam
lily physician is the one to
recommend an orthodontist
to you.
Do you have problem hips9 Send
for leofIet No. 3, which contains ex-
ereises for reducing and firmins the
hips. Enclose O stomped, self ud-
dressed envelope, with your request.
Address Josephine Lowmon 10 core
Of The StoL
Evening star., 1961-09-20
WHY GROW OLD? p s>t r~.
Adults Can Benefit
From 7 eeth Braces

Whenever possible, tooth
irregularities should be cor
reeted. OF course, if this is
impossible, the vibrant, out
going person forgets the de-
feet and lives happily any
way. However, some people
are severely affected by phys
ical defects.
A 42-year-old school teach
er with unsightly teeth had to
be taught to smile after den
tai correction. She had to
learn to use weakened mus
cles which, when gradually
strengthened, lifted the cor
ners Of her dropping mouth.
AS you can imagine, her per-
sonality also changed greatly.
The principles of ortho-
donticS for adults are the
the same, generally, as those
for children, although there
may be some variations in the
techniques used. It may take
Evening star., 1961-09-20
By JOSEPHINE LOWMAN

Register and Tribune Syndicate
When we think of braces
on the teeth, we think of
children. At one time most
of the orthodontist's patients
were children. Today, more
and more adults are wearing
braces and orthodontics is
achieving excellent results
with an increasing number of
adults.
Crooked or protruding
teeth, or those which are
badly spaced, may have re-
percussions on both health
and personality. They may
lead to pyorrhea and tooth
decay and an inadequate
chewing surface. They may
also cause unattractive facial
manneriSms, such as the
habit of pulling the upper
lip down over the teeth when
smiling.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Chicken Koruna
To Mrs. J. A., Siluer Spring

To Mrs. J. A., SilUer Spring
Mrs. X. Y. L., Arlington
In reply to your letter ask
ing whether Koruna could be
made with chicken, perhaps
this recipe will answer your
question. Use two 31a pound
disjointed frying chickens, /
cup buttermilk or yogurt, 4
minced garlic cloves, 4 table
spoons butter. 2 chopped
onions, u teaspoon powdered
ginger, 2 cloves. and ~ tea
spoons salt.
Clean the chicken parts
carefully and place in a large
bowl. Mix the buttermilk or
yogurt with half the garlic
and pour over the chicken.
Marinate at room tempera-
ture for two hours, basting
frequently. Melt the butter
in a casserole or heavy sauce
pan. Add the onions, remain
ing garlic, ginger, cloves and
salt. Saute over low heat, stir
ring frequently. Prepare the
following: (Indian Koruna
mixture) 2 teaspoons ground
corianda, 2 teaspoons ground.
almonds, "a teaspoon ground
tumeric. "a teaspoon ground
cumin seed, 1s teaspoon pep
per and 1s teaspoon dried
ground chile peppers, and
add mixture to the onions.
Stir well. Cook for five min
utes stirring frequently. Add
the chicken and it's mari
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Here's How

Reoders' Clearing House is con-
Quoted ENTIRELY THROUGH THE
MAIL cs q public service exehense
Of ideos between area Feoders. The
Stor eonnot oeeept phone calls per-
toinins to this column. All letters
must bear the writer's full name and
oddFess. No advertising is printed.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
California Query
Mrs. r. G. F.,

Mrs. r. G. F., TpkomG Park
We are moving to Cali
fornia, and will be living
either in Los Angeles or in
the suburban area. I would
very much like to hear of the
living conditions out there.
We have moved before, but
never so far, or with so much.
Thank you for any help you
might have.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Citron Fruit

Editors Note: Could we please
hove N. A. c.'s address?
M. A. C..
Does anyone know where
I can buy citron fruit that is
fresh, not candied? I want
to preserve some, and I imag-
inc that I could do this only
with fresh citron.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Stock Items

To Mrs. r. E. p, Arlington
Mrs. W. L. B., Arlington
Some basic items I stock
in our freezer are bread, but
ter, bacon, beaten eggs, va
rious meats, bought on sale,
and concentrated fruit juices.
1 make chicken stock from
backs and necks and use it in
various recipes, and I freeze
the pot liquor from vege-
tables for use in soups. My
mother = in law recommends
roasting two chickens at q
time; one for eating and one
for freezing. Meatloaf and
h a m burg ers. made up in
advance, then frozen, are q
great convenience. Also, !
always make a double por-
ton of soup, and freeze what
is not eaten at a meal. I
Evening star., 1961-09-20
WEE WOMEN

any experience with such a
machine. I would like to
know what the best brand is,
the cost and the ease of op-
Grafton of such a machine.
Thank you.
Evening star., 1961-09-20
TintyPe

Mrs. A. r. s., Bethesda
How does one go about
cleaning an old tintype pic
ture? Is the method for doing
this the same as the one fol-
lowed for cleaning a daguer-
reotype? Thank you for your
helm.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

pans will help some Of you.
Fill the pan with water, place
on stove and add just a bit
of any bleach. The stains
will disappear within seconds,
after the water has heated.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

They are relatively new and
the material, a waffle-weave,
is good quality. I want to
change the color to either a
very light beige or grey.
Would I be able to remove
the color and dye them my
self, or is it wiser to have
this done professionally?
Now, perhaps this hint for
removing stains from sauce
Evening star., 1961-09-20
READERS CLEARING HOUSE
Two Questions, One Hint
L. A. p, Washington

We are contemplating buying new gas stove
and would like to know which you readers prefer
One large oven, or two smaller ovens would
think that when you are baking something small
using the large oven would be SenseleSsly expen-
sive What do you think?
have some long curtains in pea green shade
Evening star., 1961-09-20
Knitting Machine

L 4
Evening star., 1961-09-20

made. Cover and cook over
low heat for 11a to 2 hours
or until the chicken is ten
der. Stir occasionally. Serve
with boiled rice.
Evening star., 1961-09-20

Miss D. c. D., Hy1ttSUiHe
I am interested in purchas-
ing a knitting machine and
would like to hear from any,
one who owns one or has had
Evening star., 1961-05-08
$1OO, ,OO0Fire at School
Set by Sofe-Crockers

knew the layout of the building.
He said the intruders broke
into coin-operated machines
and a telephone coin box. Then,
he said, they made their way
into the school shop. got an
acetylene torch and unsuccess-
fully attempted to cut their
way into the wall safe in the
administration office.
Investigators speculated that
the torch may have gotten out
of control and started the
blaze. The torch was found on
the floor Of the office and was
still burning when firemen
reached the room. Chief Rod
ney was overcome by smoke
while trying to remove the
lighted torch from the office.
The thieves had knocked the
knobs off the safe with a
sledgehammer, according to
Marshal WoltZ, and had cut
holes through the door of the
safe before they abandoned the
attempt and fled.
Prince Georges County Detec-
tive Charles s. KeisS said po-
lice will question so students al
! See FIRE, Page Al
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Nation Honors Hero AstronQut
ANGLERS LINE
SAVES BOY, IS.
SWEPT TO SEA

BRIGHTON, England,
(AP).-A 13-year-old boy
being swept out to sea was
saved here yesterday by an
anglers line.
The quick-thinking ang-
Ter was fishing from a mole
when he saw young David
Hubbard being swept away
by an offShore current. He
eXpertly cast the float on
his line within David'S
reach. The boy seized the
line and hung on until
Arthur Shimmans, 80,
dived in and pulled him
out.
The angler refused to
give police his name.
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Truce Team
Reaches Laos

VIENTTANE. Laos, May g.
(AP).-Twenty-one representa-
tiveS of the three-nation Lao
tian truce commission arrived
in Vientiane today with hopes
Of squirting tagging negotia-
tions between the Western
backed royal government and
pro-CommuniSt rebels.
A spokesman said they were
anxious to establish immediate
contact with the appropriate
parties" to certify the cease
fire in Laos.
A Stratoliner carried the
group-from India. Canada and
Poland - here from Saigon.
South Wet Nam, A similar
group proceeded to Xieng Khou-
ang, headquarters Of the Red
Pathet Lao and neutralist
Prince Souvanna Phouma, the
Iex-Premier the Communists
contend is the rightful head Of
the government.
Negotiators Go Out
Semar Sen of India, chair
man of the International Con-
troll Commission for Laos. said
in an airport statement:
THE international commits
sion for Laos are anxious to
establish contact with the ap-
propriate parties IN Laos. With
this end in view the commits
sion are sending one group to
proceed to Vientiane and an
other to Xieng Khouang. 1t is
the hope of the commission
that the parties will cooperate
fully with them and that the
immediate task of the commits
sion will be carried out smooth
ly and satisfactorily"
A government military del
egation flew north again to
reopen the stalled negotiations
on a cease-fire agreement.
Mr.. Sen said the commission
"has come to Laos with all
good intentions to all Lao
tians." He added that. with
cooperation, it will succeed.
Mr.. Sen was responding to a
welcome by Bouavan Norasing,
Minister Of Justice, Informa-
ton and Propaganda.
The first group to reach
Vientiane consisted Of 3 Ca
nadians, 4 Poles and IA Indians,
including military guards.
The Polish delegation was
Il See LAOS, Page At
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Rusk Informs NATO
Of U. S. Spuce Plans

OSLO, Norway, May 8 (AP)
Secretary Of State Dean Rusk
told NATO foreign ministers
today the United States intends
to get a manned satellite into
orbit before the end Of the year.
His remarks in a closed meet
ing were relayed later to re-
porters.
Mr.. Rusk was quoted as say
ing that America now is work.
ing ION very considerable prof.
ects" to reach the moon, Mars
and Venus.
Evening star., 1961-05-08

A tumble by Presiden t
Kennedy, a comparatively new
hand at medal pinn ng,
brought a light note this morn
ing to White House ceremo-
nies honoring AStrohaut Alan
B. Shepard, jr.
AS the President prepared to
Evening star., 1961-05-08

Five fire m e n were injured
early today in a $105,000 fire,
apparently set by safe-crackers,
in the Fairmont Heights High
School in Prince Georges
County, Md.
Thirteen county fire COM
panieS battled the two-alarm
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Picture on Pose 81


blaze at Nye and Reed streets
for more than an hour before
bringing it under control. All
classes were Cancelled at the
school today although damage
was confined to the principals
office, the administration Of
flee and a stretch of hallway.
Chief Willie Rodney, jr., 81,
of the Chapel Oaks Volunteer
Fire Department, one Of the
first men on the scene, said he
saw smoke and flames pouring
out of windows and the roof
from half a mile away.
Prince Georges County Fire
Marshal Lawrence r. Woltl
told reporters the school hac
been broken into by two OF
more persons who obviously
Evening star., 1961-05-08
25O,OOOCheer
Shepard Party
A|ongAvenue
Space Man Gets
NASA Decoration
From President

Astronaut Alan B. Shepard,
jr., received a hero's welcome
in his Nations Capital today.
The slim, 37-year-old Navy
commander. Americas first
man in space, was decorated
by President Kennedy, COM
mended by Congress, interviewed
by the press and acclaimed by
an estimated quarter of a mil
lion in a day of ceremony that
somehow managed to keep a
needed low-key quality. =.
Comdr. Shepard, for his part,
emphasized the team aspects
Of the operation which lofted
him briefly into space last Fri
day Throughout, as far as
Comdr. Shepard was concerned,
the key word was I'VE"
The high point of Comdr.
Shepard'S day came when
President Kennedy pinned a
medal on him and expressed
the Nations pride over what
he had done.
HumOr Comes Through
In a brief reply, Comdr.
Shepard allowed his dry humor
to show fleetingly. He remarked
that today was even more
thrilling than Friday - and
even less conducive to a good
nights sleep beforehand.
The White House ceremony
took place on the south lawn.
on a platform draped in red.
and-blue bunting, just outside
Mr.. Kennedy's offices over
looking the rose garden.
The ceremony was short,
dignified and almost totally de-
void Of hoopla. This was in line
with Government concern to
avoid anything that would
justify direct comparison with
the flight last month Of Soviet
CoSmonaut .Yuri A. Gagarin
The Shepard flight and the
Gagarin flight are not directly
comparable.
President Kennedy resisted
congressional pressure to con-
fer the Medal of Honor on
Comdr. Shepard. The medal is
granted for heroism above and
beyond the call Of duty" and it
was Comdr. Shepard's Specifi-
cally outlined duty to make the
flight he did.
Team Work Emphasized
Instead, Mr.. Kennedy pinned
on him the Distinguished Serv-
ice Medal of the National
Aeronautics and Space Admin
iStration.
Then the President waved
the AStronaut into range of
television cameras to display
his medal.
Everyone wants to see it,"
Mr.. Kennedy said.
In the medal cerem ony,
Comdr. Shepard again empha-
sized the team aspect Of Prof.
ect Mercury.
II am very mindful Of the
honor which has been bestowed
on me, an honor which really
should go to the hundreds Of
people who made my flight
possible"
The citation accompanying
the NASA-DSM was signed by
James E. Webb and Hugh l..
Dryden, two top officials of
the space agency. It read:
His flight as the first United
States AStronaut was an out
standing contribution to the
advancement Of human knowl-
edge Of space technology and
a demonstration Of mans ca
See SHEPARD. Pare A-1O
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Congo Plans
Tshombe Trial
Treason Charged
To Kutonqu Chief

COQUILHATVILLE, Congo
May 8 (AP) President Joseph
Kasavubu's government says it
will prosecute Katanga Presi-
dent Noise Tshombe for trea-
son and will try to bring his
breakaway province back under
central government control.
Foreign Minister Justin Bom-
boko told a news conference
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Invasion Filmed

MOSCOW, May 8 (AP).-A
documentary movie from Fidel
CaStro'S Cuba titled "The Rout
of the Invasion Of Cuba" has
been released in Moscow. The
film was made from Cuban
newsreels.
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Many Share
CreditforFeat,
Says Shepard
Commander Tells
Press Experience
Wus Pleasant
BY WILLIAM HINES
Star Staff Writer

Astronaut Alan B. Shepard
today shared the honors
showered on him with the
hundreds of individuals who
have made this flight possible.
AS calm, unruffled and COM
pletely in charge as President
Transcript Of Press Conference.
Paee A-l0
Kennedy ever was, the 37-year-
old Navy commander faced a
capacity crowd of reporters in
the same auditorium where the
President usually holds his
conference.
II am acutely aware Of the
hundreds of individuals who
have made this flight possible"
Comdr. Shepard remarked at
one point in the conference.
Toward Days End
The conference was the next
to-last function of a crowded
day which began this morning
in the Bahamas and will end
tonight at his home in Virginia
Beach. Va. A luncheon followed
Immediately.
Dressed in an olive civilian
suit with the space agency's
Distinguished Service Medal
hanging from the left lapel OF
his jacket. Comdr. Shepard an
Swered questions with aplomb
and precision. To questions
impinging on his personal and
religious views. he was quietly
and courteously noncommittal.
Wherever possible, he invited
into the discussion his coll
leagues, who were on the stage
Of the auditorium with him.
This was in line with his con-
sistent behavior all day Of en-
phasizing the I'VE" aspect OF
his flight.
Auditorium Crowded
The State Department audi
torium was crowded as the
Astronauts arrived promptly at
/ pm.
The conference was opened
by Administrator James e.
Webb Of the National Aero
nauticS and Space Administra-
ton: Comdr. Shepard, Mr..
Webb said. had earned the
Nays well doneI and NASAs
.A-Okay'."
Mr.. Webb cited the increas-
ing reliability Of space vehicles.
and told Of later boosters that
will lift 10 to 100 times as much
equipment as the Redstone
which lifted Comdr. Shepard to
an altitude of lis miles and a
range Of about 800 miles.
But he warned that there
was no such thing ss 100 per
cent safety in the space busi-
ness.
Man Added to System
Project Mercury's chief, in
troduced Comdr. Shepard as
the man who broke the ice"
last Friday when "a new sys-
tenn was added to the complex
man himself"
Comdr. Shepard introduced
his family and spoke briefly
before submitting himself to
questions.
II would like to say we feel
there were several significant
things about this flight, "
Comdr. Shepard said. ". We
feel very strongly that this par
| See CONFERENCE, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-05-08
President Drops Astronuut's Medal

Mrs. Kennedy reminded him,
amid laughter.
At that point the President
arose to the occasion by re-
ferring to this decoration,
which has come from the
ground up"
The spaceman grinned.
Evening star., 1961-05-08
Picture on Pose Al


the imprisoned Mr.. TShombe
would be tried for a series OF
crimes including the aSSasSina-
ton of former Premier Patrice
Lumumba. Mr.. KaSavubu him
self had ordered Mr.. Lumumba
handed over to Mr.. Tshombc
to prevent his escaping custody
and regaining control Of the
government.
Mr.. Tshombe was arrested
April 26 after he walked out
Of a meeting Of Congolese
leaders called to try to work
out q new form of government
for the strife-torn nation. The
Katanga president accused Mr.
KaSavubu Of selling out" to
the United Nations.
Would Use Force
Mr.. Bomboko said the Leo
poldville government would use
fopce if necessary to restore it,
control over Katanga, thC
Congo'S rich mining provinces
which seeded from the repub.
lie soon after independence
last summer.
Mr.. Bomboko declined tC
specify just how President
Joseph Kasavubu's government
would go about taking ovel
Katanga, but he announced
that all Belgian advisers would
be expelled from the province
Katanga has the best diSci-
plined and most effective army
in the Congo, presumably loyal
to Mr.. Tshombe and COM
manded by hired white officers
many of them Belgian. The
Katanga cabinet appeared
solidly behind Mr.. TShombe'S
earlier defiance of repeated
U. N. demands that he get rio
of all foreign military and po-
litical personal. But following
his arrest, the provincial cabi-
net last week took a more con-
ciliatory tone toward the Leo
poldville government and prom.
ised to discuss the U. N. de-
mands for custer Of the for.
eigners.
Evening star., 1961-05-08

pin the National Aeronautics
and Space Administrations
Distinguished Service Medal on
Comdr. Shepard, it slipped
from his fingers and fell to
the ground. Then, after picking
it up. Mr.. Kennedy forgot to
pin it on the astronaut until
Evening star., 1961-05-08
LOOKING FOR
A LIFT?

TURN TO the Feotura Pose,
where Dear Abby, Jim Bishop, Dr..
Peter Steincrohn and the Family
Council offer voried, omusins end
instructive fore. The poSG is B-l6.