davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-08-17
By the Associated Press

The Government today an
nounced clearance Of oral polio
vaccine for protection against
one of the three types of polio.
In announcing the granting
of a license to manufacture the
easy-to-take live virus vaccine
for Type I polio, Surgeon Gen
eral Luther L. Terry OF the
Public Health Service said:
"I want to emphasize that an
oral vaccine providing protec-
ton against all three types OF
poliomyelitis will not be avail
able for some time. The vaccine
being licensed today produces
immunity only against Type ]
polio.
Therefore, it is of the
highest Importance that vac
cinations continue with the
Salk vaccine which is the only
weapon we have today to pro-
vide protection against all three
types of polio.
THE Public Health Service
will continue its efforts to pro.
mote the widest possible use
of the Salk vaccine. When
the full series of oral vaccine
becomes available, we will alsC
help in its promotion"
At Westhampton, N. Y, Basi
O'Connor, president of the Ma,
tional Foundation, said Il an
surprised, of course" at thr
Government decision to clea
the live vaccine for one typ,
Of polio.
1T is totally unorthodox t,
Evening star., 1961-08-17
Nv CROSBY s. MOVES

Foreign Correspondent of The Star
BERLIN, Aug. IT. - What
ever propaganda advantage
there may be for the West in
the closing of the border be-
tween East and West Berlin,
the people of this city see it as
a crushing blow to their morale
and a direct threat to their
safety.
The bitterness at what Is
taken here as supine inaction
on the part of the Western al
lies has steadily mounted over
the last four days. There has
been impatience over delay in
the protests by Western military
commanders to the Soviet COM
mander and heated indignation
over the mildness of tone when
the notes were finally delivered
Above all, it is argued, the
allies must not confine them
selves to written protests but
must take positive action tc
counter the latest Communist
moves.
Leaders in Tune
This feeling boiled to thu
surface at yesterdays mas
meeting in West Berlin. Some
250,OOO we're on hand to boz
the Communists and allies with
almost equal fervor. Many car
ried placards bearing such slo'
gans as Are We Betrayed by
the West?" or Munich '38-
Berlin '61" or Paper Protests
Don't Stop Tanks"
Evening star., 1961-08-17
Explorer XII Completes
1st stWide-RongingO Orbit

fists said, and radio signals are
good and strong"
In the first orbit five major
tracking stations kept it under
observation for II to IA hours
each, for a total of so hours of
data from the stations at Jo-
hannesburg. South Africa;
Santiago, Chile; Lima, Peru;
South Point, Hawaii, and Woo
mera, Australia.
Among other stations that
tracked it last night was one
at East Grand Forks, MINI.
At its apogee or highest alti-
tude, the satellite essentially
was in interplanetary space, be-
yond the influence of the
earth's magnetic field.
NASA thus believes it now is
getting information on mag
netic fields in space, as well as
that of the earth, and their ef'
feet on relationship with the
energetic particles - electronS
and protons-that are the mi
mute building blocks of matter
Evening star., 1961-08-17
u. S. Clears One Type
OF Oral Polio Vaccine

license part of a vaccine" he
said. "It never has been done
before"
The foundation financed re-
search in both the killed virus
vaccine developed by DR.. Jonas
Salk and live virus vaccine de-
veloped by DR.. Albert Sabin of
Cincinnati.
Mr.. O'Connor said figures
show that use of the Salk
vaccine has all but eliminated
polio as a public health menace
and sit is difficult to deter
mine why the Surgeon General
felt he had to do this at this
time"
DR.. Terry said that of the
three types of polio virus, Type
I has been responsible in recent
years for between so and 10
per cent of all paralytic polio
in this conutry.
He said he expects Type II
oral vaccine to be licensed in
the near future, but that it
will be several months at least
before Type III is cleared.
The Public Health Service
chief said sampling of virus
from paralytic cases this year
suggests that Type III may be
increasing in relative import
ance as a cause of paralytic
disease.
The Type I license was issued
to Pfizer Ltd, Sandwich, Eng
land. The vaccine will be
marketed in the United States
by Chas. Pfizer g. Co., Inc, O.
New York.
Evening star., 1961-08-17
ConVicts Hold
20 Hostages
At Nashville

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Aug. II
(AP). - Revolving prisoners,
armed with guns and knives,
seized more than 20 hostages
today and holedsup in the COM
missary of the State Peniten-
tiary, demanding a hearing on
grievances.
An hour and a half after the
seizure, State Safety Commis-
sioner Greg O'Rear said the
convicts were holding five
guards, three commissary clerks
and IL prisoners. Two of the
IA prisoners seized originally
were released.
Warden Lynn Bomar said the
revolving group apparently in
cluded two of the prisoners who
led a day-long uprising at the
prison in March, 1860. The two
are Robert Rivera and Ray
mond Farra.
"They have at least two
guns" he said, land have de-
manded to talk to State author
tiles about some grievances.
The grievances were no
spelled out, the warden said.
No one was hurt in the orig
inal outburst today, Officials
said.
Warden Bomar said all othe
prisoners had been herded bacl
into their cells.
City Police Chief Frank Mul
Ter said he had dispatched al
available policemen to tn
scene, equipped with riot gun
and tear gas guns.
Evening star., 1961-08-17
BY the Associated Press

Explorer XII completed its
first wide-looping orbit of the
earth early today-and went
zooming off again into space.
The 83-pound instrument
package swung about $4,000
miles out from the earth on its
orbit to measure magnetic
fields and, radiation in space.
It came within an estimated
ITO miles of the earth about
$40 am. (EDT) today on its
first time around, 81 hours after
it's launching from Cape Canav-
eral, Fla, Tuesday night.
The National Aeronautics and
Space Administration said the
satellite appears to be close tc
it's anticipated orbit, but this
cannot be determined posi-
lively until further reports are
in.
Radio telemetry equipment
is working beautifully, scien'
Evening star., 1961-08-17
DISTRICT POLICE
TO BE GIVEN
NAIVE PLATES

The Commissioners de-
cided today that the Dis
trict's policemen will wear
Identification name plates.
The decision was based
on a recommendation by
Police Chief Robert V.
Murray.
Commissioner Walter N.
Tobriner said he thought
the most important point
in the name-badge deci-
sion is that policemen will
be more easily identifiable
by citizens "for either COM
mendation or complaints"
The tags will be worn on
the right breast Of the
uniform.
Evening star., 1961-08-17
BY GRACE BASSETT
Star staff Writer

Senator Robert C. Byrd,
Democrat of West Virginia, to-
day denied that his subcom-
mittee's "axes were sharpened"
to cut the District welfare
budget.
At the same time. the Sen
ate District Appropriations
Subcommittee chairman as
sured taxpayers at a public
hearing that he thought some
savings could be instituted
without causing innocent per-
sons to suffer. He said. how
ever, that some welfare bene-
ficiaries taking undue advan-
tage of city support might be
disappointed.
The Senator's stern direc-
ton to Welfare Director Gerard
Shea to try to blue-pencil the
$21.8 million welfare budget
drew a flood of telephone calls
today praising the tough ap-
proach, according to aides in
Senator Byrd's office.
Shea View Favored
At hearings this morning
however, the citizen response
was more favorable to Mr.
Shea's point of view.
Arvin E. Upton, chairman o1
| the District Health and VEL
fare Council, insisted thai
stating of "notoriously over.
crowded" Junior Village, spe'
cial services to 800 families ir
! the northwest area, and in
creased payments for the keeI
of dependent youngsters in fos'
ter homes were urgently re-
quired programs.
All the 800 families receive
public assistance.
Senator Byrd insisted thai
Evening star., 1961-08-17
Byrd Denies Whettinq
Ak to Cut Welfare Fund

subcommittee members were
just as sympathetic "as any
individual in this city with
persons in need" But he
warned Mr.. Upton that Sen
ators would not be governed
on this question by emotions
alone.
81 hope not, sir" Mr.. Upton
replied.
Public assistance grants have
risen 300 per cent in the last
decade, Senator Byrd said,
compared to a IL per cent in
crease in the cost of living
Mr.. Upton suggested that the
increase was the result Of the
low point at which a welfare
program began.
Rate Doubled
"The rate has doubled in the
last six years." Senator BYRD
retorted. Il want to put you
at ease-we are not unsympa'
thetic with the program. But
too long there have been ex-
pressions of concern about well
fare costs and no results.
There may be no results
this time, but it will not be fol
lack of diligence on the part o.
this committee.
Health and welfare together
make up the greatest single
item in the city budget. I be-
lieve this item bears a lot o.
scrutiny and it is going to ge
good close look from us,
Senator Byrd promised.
The subcommittee plowec
through testimony from % o
a scheduled so witnesses from
the community. These cit!
spokesmen generally pleaded
for permission to spend NOR,
tax money for schools, welfare
| See BUDGET, Page A
Evening star., 1961-08-17

1OIlS dS JllC SONCI lllIlCllJ VI " uDo
remains under the control of
a foreign power-namely, the
Soviet Union"
Mr.. Dillon in a farewell news
conference proclaimed the In
ter-American Conference which
closed at noon as IAN historic
landmark" for the Western
Hemisphere. He said the char
ter will serve as "the guiding
post for the future of the
Americas"
Asked about Cuba's role,
Secretary Dillon replied that
Cubas tactics here demon
strated that Fidel Castro's re-
gime did not come to Punta
del Este with "the intention of
developing" the alliance but
"for political reasons"
In the final plenary session
late last night ErneSto (Che)
Guevara, Cuba's economic chief,
announced he could not sign
the final document. But he
spoke more in sorrow than in
anger as he registered the Cuban
complaint that the charter is
an attempt by the United
States to solve hemisphere
problems within "the frame
work of United States i'm
perialism."
Dillon 18th to Sign
Secretary Dillon was the 18th
to sign. He was warmly ap-
Iplauded.
Venezuela, following an order
of precedence decided by lot al
Evening star., 1961-08-17
BITTERNESS IN BERLIN
AngyCitizensA Attack
Vests Soft Position

The leaders were closely in
tune with the mood of people.
Mayor Willy Brandt-who is
running against Chancellor
Adenauer in the coming ma
tional election-drew his loud
est applause with an angry
demand that allied reaction
must not stop at this point.
At the same time, Mr.. Brandt
seemed anxious to avoid work.
ing the crowd up to the point
of taking violent action itself.
A considerable part of his
speech was devoted to pointins
out that the Communist action
was directed against the peo-
pie of the Eastern sector rather
than against West Berliners.
Solidarity Exists
The distinction. however,
means little to residents of this
city. One of the most striking
features of Berlin is the sense
of solidarity that exists between
the people on both sides of the
barricades.
Partly, of couse, it is a ques-
ton of relatives and friends ir
the Communist sector. But
beyond this, the freedom Of
movement across the sector
boundaries has been an i'm.
portant right enjoyed by the
people of West Berlin. And it,
loss will increase the feeling ot
isolation and claustrophobis
which is a disagreeable feature
of life here.
Even more important, Ber.
liners feel that the soft West.
ern response is bad omen fol
them in the crisis to come
Though the present crackdowr
may be directed exclusively a
East Germans, it is no less 6
violation of the Four-Powe
agreements on which the safet!
of West Berlin depends.
The feeling is that if ont
of these agreements can b.
scrapped unilaterally withou
provoking more than verba
protests, perhaps others can bt
too.
Divided on Action
When it comes to practica
measures the allies might taxi
at this point the Berliners fo
most part are not nearly 81
articulate or unanimous.
East Germans today ar
threatening to reply to an
serious Western counter meas
ures with a blockade of al
of Berlin. And it may seen
illogical that the Berliner
themselves should be clamorini
, for a showdown which coul,
lead to their own ruin.
! Nevertheless this is in effec
exactly what they are doin
today. Their calls for aetiol
= are a kind of antidote for feel
, ings of Illustration and dis
couragement. And these feel
= ings are likely to grow stronge
. as time goes by.
Evening star., 1961-08-17
HOME GARDENS
AID THE CHEF

OUTDOOR GARDENS provide the
chef with q variety Of vegetables
for tosty cosseroles, soys Violet
Faulkner, food editor Of The StoT,
For tempting casserole recipes, see
Food Section on Poee B-l.
SIDEWALK CAFE for breukFost1
Yes, odvises John N. Rosson, Din
ing OUT" editor, who found 8 am.
just the time TO try Woshineton's
first sidewalk restaurant. See the
Dining and Dancing Pose, CT
Evening star., 1961-08-17
Mikoyon Now Sees
Nixon Better Choice

TOKYO, Aug. II (AP) So
Wet Deputy Premier AnaStas
Mikoyan said today the Rus
slams favored John F. Kennedy
in the 1860 United States presi-
Dental election but they now
feel Richard M. Nixon would
have been better.
Kennedy is beginning to
show he is anti-Soviet," the No.
2 man in the Kremlin declared
in a speech to students at
Tokyo University.
Evening star., 1961-08-17

the start OF the 13-day confer
ence, signed first.
Uruguay, the host country,
was last.
Nov our destiny is the work
of all and every one of us, said
Uruguayan Foreign Minister
Homero Martinez Montero.
I'VE have opened wide the
doors to an immense hope" :"
For days delegates have
looked to a final clash be-
tween the United States and
Cuba on the floor of this spe-
cial nter-American conference.
They were not disappointed.
Replies AcidIy
Secretary Dillon replied acidly
and firmly to the Guevara
assertion that Cuban co-opera-
ton in the work of the confer
ence was the first step toward
peaceful co-existence of differ
ent economic and social sys-
TENS in the hemisphere.
HE has tried to give the
implication that the United
States somehow recognizes the
permanence of the present
regime in Cuba" Mr.. Dillon
told assembled delegates after
the Guevara speech. This we
do not do and never will do
because to do so would be tC
betray the thousands of patri-
otic Cubans who are still wait
See CONFERENCE, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-08-17
20 Nations OK Pact;
Cuba Refuses to sign
Charter Puts Alliance for Progress
Into Effect; Guevuru, Dillon Clash
BY GEORGE SHERMAN
Star staff Writer

PUNTA DEL ESTE, Uruguay, Aug. 17.-With Castro's
Cuba out 20 the 81 American republics today signed the
Charter of Punta del Este which turns the hemSpheres
Alliance for Progress into reality.
United States Treasury Secretary Douglas Dillon after
signing the 8OOOword pact declared that Cuba will never
Evening star., 1961-08-17
Tougher Code
Of Ethics 0Kd
For City Aides
Commissioners
Also Form Unit to
Hear Complaints
By ROBERTA HORNIG
Star Staff Writer

The District Board Of Com
missioners today unanimously
adopted a tougher code of
ethics involving conflict of in
tereSt among District employees.
The board also set up a spe-
cial committee, comprised of
the secretaries to the three Com
miSsioners, to screen any COM
plants of misconduct by city
employees.
Commissioner Walter N.
Tobriner said changes are be-
Ross Rosenberg Gets Used Cor Soles-
4
Evening star., 1961-08-17

drive today. They
called on the II million mem
bers of their youth organization
to volunteer for the army.
The effort to swell the ranks
OF the troops-now estimated
West BIomes KremIin for Closing Of
Border. Poee Az
by Western authorities to num-
ber 110,000-came as the Big
Three Western Allies protested
to the Soviet Union against the
Red barricades that bar refu-
gees and other East Germans
from West Berlin.
All members of the Red youth
organization were called to spe-
cial meetings at dawn tomor-
row in schools, factories and
collective farms to hear the
appeal. The orders were issued
by Horst Schumann, 81, first
secretary of the youth organiza-
ton.
West Declared in Panic
The young people we're told
that Sundays ban~on the flight
of refugees to West Berlin was
"a victory for peace and social
ism" The appeal said panic
and confusion reign among our
enemies" and nov it is neces-
Sary to secure our success and
win new victories over the war
mongers." 1t added:
Every young Socialist Com
munist) burns to belong to the
armed forces of the (East)
German Democratic Republic,
allied with the unbeatable
forces of the Socialist camp, at
the head of which stands the
strongest army in the world,
the famous army of the Soviet
Union"
The Communist youth daily
Junge Welt CYoung World)
carried the appeal in red BAN
ner headlines: THE fatherland
calls! Protect the socialist re-
public"
The East German Commu-
mist regime so far has not re-
quired mpulsory military
service. But young men are
often put under pressure to en-
list with the promise that it
will help their chances for later
education and advancement.
Five Policemen Flee
At least five members of the
East German peoples police
bolted through the steel ring
around East Berlin during the
: night and took haven in the
: western part of he city, West
Berlin police reported.
A police spokesman said the
five made separate dashes into
Western territory and asked for
asylum.
A private West Berlin intelli-
. gence agency, Information Bu-
: reau West, said eight doctors
from East Berlin-four of them
= women - managed to get
:. through Monday and Tuesday.
The flight of physicians has
See BERLIN, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-08-17

ing made as the result of
charges made before the Board
of Appeals and Review which
was hearing an appeal for a
used car dealers license by
Ross Rosenberg. He was
awarded an auto salesman's
license in a decision today.
Will Screen Complaints
The job of the three-man
committee on employe conduct
will be to screen all complaints
of employe conduct, anonymous
or otherwise, and take ones
that indicate possible mis-
conduct directly to the Com
missioners.
Richard E. Townsend, Secre-
tary to Mr.. Tobriner, will be
chairman of the committee.
The changes also call for
q revision of the District per-
sonnel manual section titled,
Conduct and Conditions of
Employment" Under this, Mr..
Tobriner told the board, all
employees above the level of
a GS-5-or above about a $4,000
salary-must report any out
side jobs and must obtain per-
mission for outside employ
ment.
Employees below the GS-5
level will have to certify that
they are in compliance with
the District regulations. Mrs
Tobriner said the regulations
would directly affect some H.
400 employees in departments
reporting directly to the Com
missioners.
City Employees Praised
He said the regulations were
meant to be "guidelines" to
control and regulate employees
not inhibit them.
The Commissioners believe, ;
Mr.. Tobriner said, that the
overwhelming majority of the
employees of the District Gov,
ernment are a dedicated grour
whose honor and devotion arr
above suspicion.
THE adoption Of policy anC
regulations is to provide guide,
lines for the employees and tht
department heads in order tt
safeguard the reputation TO
honesty and integrity that ha
been synonymous with tn
District government"
Mr.. Tobriner also said tina
every District employe will b
given copies of new regulation
dealing with, outside employ
ment, private business interests
and gifts and gratuities.
Rules Deals With Stocks
The regulations also provid
that If employees hold stocks
bonds or other financial in
terests that might involve
conflict of interest. they mus
state in writing to the Commis
sioners that if they have +
make a decision relating to tn
conflict in their official cap
acity, they will disqualif
themselves.
Mr.. Tobriner said the DiStric
departments over which tn
Commissioners do not exercis
complete administrative con
troll will be fully informed Q
the boards action today an
lit is assumed that they wi
carry out similar programs.
This category involves abou
$500 employees and depart
ments, such as recreation an
the Board of Education.
Some two months will be re
quired to process all forms an
reports, Mr.. Tobriner said.
Evening star., 1961-08-17

United Stotes Admits Documents Cubo
Cited Are Genuine. Page A-3
Evening star., 1961-08-17

West BIomes KremIin for Closing Of
Border. Poae AZ
Evening star., 1961-08-17

Ross Rosenberg Gets Used Cor Soles-
mons License. Poee D. !
Evening star., 1961-08-17
East German Reds
Recruiting Youths
Started for
Volunteers

BERLIN, Aug. II (AP) East
German Communist leaders
launched a gigantic military re-
cruiting drive today. They
called on the II million mem
bers of their youth organization
to volunteer for the army.
The effort to swell the ranks
of the troops-now estimated
Evening star., 1961-08-17

ing made as the result of
charges made before the Board
of Appeals and Review which
was hearing an appeal for a
used car dealers license by
Ross Rosenberg. He was
awarded an auto salesman's
license in a decision today.
Evening star., 1961-08-17

by Western authorities to num-
ber 110,000-came as the Big
Three Western Allies protested
to the Soviet Union against the
Red barricades that bar refu-
gees and other East Germans
from West Berlin
Evening star., 1961-08-17
THE WEATHEp. Full Report
on Poae D-2

District and vicinity-Clear, cool tonight,
low in lower COS. Fair, pleasant tomorrow
High and low Of last "A hours: High, "a,
at $3.50 pm. yesterday; low, II, at am.
today.
, 1961-12-08
Judn E. Munoz Is First
Puerto Ricun Sent to
U. S. Forest Service

Juan E. Munoz, Assistant
Forester on st. Croix
the past two years, has been
selected by the u. S. Forest
Service to Study forestry un-
der the Government En-
ployees Training Act.
Munoz, the first Puerto Ri
can to be selected for such
study, is paid his regular sa-
larry while undertaking the
two years of advance training
prescribed by his employer,
the Institute of Tropical Fores-
try, U. S. Forest Service, Puer-
to Rico.
Munoz is a graduate of the
College of Agriculture and
Mechanic Arts at Mayaguez,
Glass Of SO. AT the completion
Continued on Page A.
sLhEtLeH =
, 1961-12-08
pear from the islands.

pear IIUlIl CIfG ISIdIIUo.
From the above, it can be
seen that Krause Lagoon is
truly unique in the Virgin Is
lands. It is our only Natural
wildlife Wildlife Refuge, and
should remain so for the peo-
pie of the Virgin Islands. OBJ
to its destruction can
hardly be called "baseless",
, 1961-12-08
Mrs. Ruth Jones Is
Nomed Collector OF
Customs for Virgin Is.

Mrs. Ruth Jones, wife Of
Raymond Jones, has been ap-
pointed Collector of Customs
for the Virgin Islands. The
post pays $4,000 a year.
Mr.. Jones, a powerful poll
teal figure in New York is in
line fer the leadership of Tam
many Hall, Democratic strong
hold. He supported Mayor
Robert F. Wagner, who won
won a substantial victory and
was reelected in November.
A native of St. Thomas, Mr.
Jones has been building a
home for some time now. He
v~ehemently denied that his
wife's appointment meant his
withdrawal from the leader
ship race.
"I'm not pulling out, she did
not get her appointment from
the Mayor" he said. Her ap-
pointment has been pending
in Washington for 8 months.
1t doesn't change my position
a darn bit" he said.
Mrs. Jones, So, has worked
for the Department of Internal
Revenue for the past Is years.