davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-07

ant governor IN the July IL
Democratic primary, has
united VirginianS more solidly
than any event since Apo
mattoX."
It was the strongest state
ment on the governments ac-
ton to date from the senator,
who has been the States lead
ing spokesman for moderation
on the race issue.
The Justice Departments re-
quest that funds be withheld
from all schools in the State
until the public schools in
Prince Edward are opened will
fail, he said.
mot one single Virginia pub
lie school child will be kept
out of school by his action" !"
he declared. Every simply the
Constitution of the United
States is itself our shield
against his unconstitutional re-
quest"
The Federal Government will
go to court in Richmond to-
morrow on its request that the
Justice Department be per-
mitted to intervene in the case
as a coplaintiff with Negroes
who have been trying to force
reopening of the public schools
with racial integration.
The action. filed April 26,
represented the first time the
Government has tried to enter
a case as a plaintiff.
Prince Edward was ordered
Evening star., 1961-05-07
BY GRACE BASSETT
Star Staff Writer

Three alternative revenue
packages will be considered by
the Senate subcommittee
charged with recommending
way out Of the Districts fiscal
crisis.
One will be based on a $36
million annual Federal pay
ment, one on a $32 million and
another on a $25 million pay
ment.
To cover spending requests Of
the President for the Federal
city through the year beginning
July /, the plans would require
$21 million, $25 million or $32
million annually in new taxes,
respectively.
Lesser amounts Of revenue
would demand cutbacks equal
to the revenue decrease in both
public works and operating pro-
grams of the municipal govern
ment.
The subcommittee. headed
by Senator Smith, Democrat of
Massachusetts, plans to move
ahead on the tax formula this
month, hopefully next week.
But floor action expected on
the national education bill and
separate committee considera-
ton of Cape Cod MaSSD pres
ervatlon proposals promise to
capture most of Senator Smiths
attention until the week OF
May Is.
Even so, the District revenue
formula probably will be adop-
ted before appropriations COM
mittees mark up the municipal
budget for the year beginning
July l.
Would Fix Load
This sequence will fix a tax
load based on a Federal pay
ment not yet determined by
either the House or the Senate.
Early action on taxes could act
as a lever on appropriations
committee to urge a Federal
payment large enough to cover
spending. Or, budget makers
might choose the other alterna-
tive-cutting expenditures-to
balance the budget.
This places an unusual bur-
Evening star., 1961-05-07

and he called it an oar" he
said. But he's a natural out
doorsman and so he didn't
have any trouble once we got
started" Mr.. Harrington was
the sternman.
The Secretary's wife and
three children also completed
the hike. Mrs. Udall seemed
quite tired and was helped
along by her husband.
Mr.. Udall was wearing blue
denim trousers and a brown
and-tan suede jacket. He didn't
seem at all tired.
Around noon, the mixers
found themselves near the Old
Anglers Inn near Potomac
Evening star., 1961-05-07

trodden," he was quoted as
saying. Mrs. Reyes said later
that she did not know who her
visitors were.
Most Of the areas leading
mixers showed up for the sew
enth annual event, which sig
nails the beginning Of the spring
hiking season in this area. One
of the purposes of the hike is
to draw support for preserving
the C&O Canal as national
park. Secretary Udall has
previously signified his support
Of such a plan.
Evening star., 1961-05-07
JUSTICE, SENATOR JOIN TREK
UdoII Sets Fast 17-MiIe Hike Pace

Interior Secretary Udall yes
terday showed his fellow hiking
and canoeing enthusiasts that
he doesn't mind getting his feet
wet or his boots muddy.
He not only set a fast pace
on q gruelling IT. mile hike
through the rain along the C65O
Canal but he also went for a
2-mile canoe ride in the Po-
tomac rapids.
Mr.. Udall was one of several
notables who made the trudge
from Seneca, Nd, to Sycamore
Island. Others who completed
the trip included Supreme
Court Justice Douglas and SEN
ator Douglas, Democrat from
Illinois.
1t is becoming old hat for
Justice Douglas, who once again
led the so or so mixers who
went all the way. 1t was the
first time, however, for Senator
Douglas. who wore a gaily-col-
ored plaid hat.
Just Took a Ride
Secretary Udall provided a
diversion for the mixers when
he got into a two-man canoe
with a well-known racing ca
noeist. Robert Harrington.
At the end of the hike. Mr..
Udall played down his 2-mile
canoe trip along white water"
rapids between a point south of
Great Falls and Whitewater.
Talking as he walked, Mr..
Udall, whose paratroop boots
were very muddy, said Bob
Harrington came along with his
canoe and I got in for a ride.
That's ALL"
Observers said, however, that
the 2-mile stretch is dangerous,
and that the Secretary han
died himself very well.
Family Makes Trip
Mr.. Harrington said later that
'it seemed obvious" when Mr..
Udall got into the canoe that
he was not very familiar with
the sport.
He held the paddle wrong,
Evening star., 1961-05-07
First Aid Course
Set for Wheaton

A Red Cross basic first aid
course begins at 8 pm. tomor-
row in room 212, Belt Junior
High School. Weller and Good
hill roads, Wheaton.
There is no charge for this
six-week. course which is open
to the public. 1t is sponsored
by the Belt Civil Defense For
ward Treatment Center.
For registration and addi-
tional information, call Mrs.
Theresa James, VIII. 2-9088.
Evening star., 1961-05-07

Md, and they all rushed in to
get out Of the rain.
Senator Douglas marched in
to the cocktail lounge carrying
a paper-bag sandwich. Mrs.
John T. Reyes, who runs the
inn, chased Senator Douglas
out because he was not prop
eely dressed and was getting
her rug wet.
Now 1 know what it is like
to be like the meek and down.
Evening star., 1961-05-07

in the stepped-up activities of
detectives and precinct officers.
On three recent nights, Chief
Murray has made visits in an
cruiser to confer
with the men working on the
unSolved cases.
Evening star., 1961-05-07
Boothe Calls U.S.Move
On Schools q 'BIunder'
Predicts Governments Integrution
Action in Virginia Will Collapse

The Justice Departments intervention in the Prince Ed
ward County school ntegraion "a legal bunder
patiently that it will collapse under its weight
Senator Armstead L. Boohe declared last
night.
The move said Senator Boohe candidate for ieuten-
Evening star., 1961-05-07
DC. Officials Draft
JobIess Pay Boost
Lubor-Business
Views Weighed
In Compromise
By SAM EASTMAN
Star Staff Writer

The Commissioners have
reached agreement on a request
to Congress for hiher payments
to the city's jobless workers.
The draft bill, reflecting
something of a compromise be-
tween the interests of business
and labor, will provide an
increase in the current $50
maximum weekly payment of SO
per cent of the average wage
of all covered workers.
This would mean that the
average unemployment COM
pensation payments of $26 a
week would rise to about S33.
For some, the payment would
go up to as high as $45.
Agreement on the city's pro-
posals for major changes in
the unemployment compensa-
tion provisions was reached at
a closed Commissioners meet
ing last week.
Congress to Get Bill
A bill will be drafted by the
Corporation CounSel's office
for submission to Congress
through the Federal Budget
Bureau.
For the most part, the Com
misSioners' bill will be in line
with recommendations by the
Districts Unemployment Com
pensation Board.
A major provision added by
the Commissioners labor
proposal expected to be strong
ly opposed by the business COM
munity-eases the current COM
penSation penalty to workers
who are fired for misconduct.
The current law provides that
worker discharged for mis-
conduct is barred from receiv-
ing joblesS payments for a
period of five to 10 weeks.
The proposal is to eliminate
a provision requiring that this
disqualification period be sub
tracted from the end of the
workers maximum yearly un-
employed time.
Major Points Recited
Other major points in the
Commissioners draft bill which
were proposed by the Unem-
ployment Compensation Board
are:
/. Expansion of the maxi
mum amount a worker may
receive during any 26 weeks of
unemployment in a 12-month
period. This would be done by
revising the formula from one
third of a mans wages during
a year to one-half of this
amount.
2. Elimination of the double
dip" claim-drawing the pay
mentS during two successive
l2-month periods without the
worker having held q job.
3. Barring from the payments
any person who has voluntarily
retired.
The latter two provisions are
backed by the Metropolitan
Washington Board of Trade
and opposed by labor.
Annual Battle in Congress
Bills representing the view
points of labor and of the bust
ness community are being in
troduced on both sides of Con-
greSS.
The various legislative pro-
posals set the stage for what
has been in recent years an
annual battle in Congress on
the local unemployment COM
pensation matter. The Com
miSSioners' latest proposals are
somewhat similar to those sub
mitted by the city in the past.
The funds for the payments,
which now total about SIS mil
lion a year, come from a pay
roll tax. The Commissioners
recommendations would cost an
additional $1.2 million a year.
The payroll levy would not have
to be raised, at least immedi-
ately, because of the current
income from this source, Of
! ficialS said.
Evening star., 1961-04-23

reaching agreement both with
you and with other countries
of the world on the question
Of disarmament and all other
questions the solution of which
would promote peaceful CO.
existence, recognition of the
right of all peoples to have the
social and political systems they
have established, would pro-
mote real respect for the will
of the peoples and non-inter-
ference in their internal af-
fairs.
1t is only in these conditions
that one could really speak of
coexiStence, because coexist-
ence is possible only if states
with different social systems
obey international laws and
recognize the maintenance of
world peace as their highest
aim. Only in this case will
peace be based on a stable
foundation.
Evening star., 1961-04-23
Asks Peace Move

If prevention of actions ca
pable of jeopardizing universal
peace is now, more than ever
before, the duty of every state
and its leaders, this is all the
more true of the leaders of the
big powers. 1t is this that
urge of you, Mr.. President.
The Soviet governments posi-
ton in international affairs re-
mains unchanged. We want to
build our relations with the
United States in such a way
that neither the Soviet Union
nor the United States, as the
two most powerful states in
the world, should engage in
saber rattling or push their
military or economic superb
Iority to the forefront, because
this would lead to an aggrava-
ton Of the international Situa-
ton. and not its improvement.
We are sincerely desirous of
Evening star., 1961-04-23

peoples Of our country settled
this question finally and COM
Ipletely already over 43 years
ago.
We constitute a socialist
state. Our social system is the
justest of all that have existed
until now, because In our coun-
try all the means of production
are owned by those who work.
This is indeed a contagious ex-
ample, and the sooner the need
to go over to this system is
REALIZED, the sooner the whole
of mankind will arrive at a
really just society. This will, at
the same time put an end to
wars once and for all.
| You, Mr.. President, did moi
like my words in my previous
message that there can be nc
stable peace in the world il
there are flames of war any,
where. But this is really so
The world is a single whole
whether anyone likes it or not
And I can only repeat what
said: 1t would not do to adjust
the situation and put out the
flames in one area and kindle
a new conflagration in another
The Soviet state has always
been a consistent defender OF
the freedom and independence
Of all peoples. Therefore, we
naturally cannot concede to the
United States any right to con-
Evening star., 1961-04-23

troll the destinies of other coun.
tries, including the countrie.
of Latin America. We consider
that any interference by one
state in the affairs of another
especially armed interference
is a violation Of all interna-
tional laws, the principles OF
peaceful coexistence which the
Soviet Union has invariably
advocated since the very first
days of list existence.
Evening star., 1961-04-23
KHRUsHcHEV TEXT
u. S. Blasted on Cuba

attack Cuba - directly or
through the traitors to the
Cuban people whom you arm
with your weapons, train on
your territory, keep with the
money of United States tax
payers, and transport by the
means Of your armed forces,
covering them from the air and
the sea while they fight against
the Cuban people and their
lawful government.
You also refer to some United
States commitments "in the de-
fenSe of the Western Hemi-
sphere against aggression from
without" But what commit
ments can possibly be invoked
in this case? No one can have
any commitment to defend
rebels against the lawful gov
ernment of a sovereign state
such as Cuba.
Mr.. President, you are taking
to a highly dangerous road.
Think Of it. You speak of your
rights and commitments, and,
of course, anyone can claim
this or that right. But then you
will have to admit that other
states, too, can base their ac-
tionS in similar circumstances
on the same arguments and
considerations.
You allege that Cuba can
lend her territory for actions
against the United States. This
is your surmiSe, it is not based
on any facts. We, on the other
hand, can already refer to con-
crete facts, and not surmises:
In some countries bordering on
the Soviet Union on land and
sea, governments exist at pres
ent which follow a policy that
is far from reasonable, govern
ments which have concluded
military treaties with the
United States and have made
their territory available for the
establishment Of American mil
itary bases.
And your military say openly
that these bases are spearhead-
ed against the Soviet Union, as
if this were not clear as it is.
Nor, if you consider yourself
entitled to take such measures
against Cuba as the United
States Government has been
resorting to lately, you must
admit that other countries have
no lesser grounds for acting in
the same way with regard to
the states on the territory of
which preparations are really
being made which constitute q
threat to the security of the
Soviet Union. If you do not
want to sin against elementary
logic, you must, apparently
concede this right to other
states. We. for our part, do
not hold such views.
Evening star., 1961-04-23
Charges Perfidy

4 we consider Cnat the argu-
ments on this score adduced in
the United States are not only
ia very free Interpretation of
international law but, to put it
lplainly, open advocacy Of a
lperfidious policy.
| A powerful state, Of course,
can always find a pretext for
attacking a weaker country
and then justify its attack by
claiming that it was a poten-
tial menace. But is this goth
century morality? This is the
morality of the colonialists, the
brigands who once pursued
precisely such a policy. Today,
in the second half Of the goth
century. it is no longer pos
sible to guide oneself by the
piratic morality Of the colo
nialists. We all witness today
how the colonial system is
crumbling and slipping into
the past. The Soviet Union, for
its part. is doing everything to
promote this, and we are proud
of it.
Or take the United States
actions with regard to China.
What standards of law can be
invoked to justify these ac-
tions? 1t is known to all that
Taiwan is an inalienable part
of China. This has been ad-
mitted also by the Govern
ment of the United States
whose signature stands under
the Cairo declaration of 1943.
But later the United States
seized Taiwan, i.e., took, in
effect, to the road Of brigand-
age. The Chinese Peoples Re-
public announced its natural
striving to reunite the territory
of Taiwan with the other Chi
nese territory. But how did the
United States react to this? 1t
declared that it would use
armed force to prevent reunifi-
cation of this Chinese terri
tory, seized by it, with the rest
of China. 1t threatens war if
China takes steps towards the
reunification of TaiWan. And
this is being done by a country
which has officially recognized
that Taiwan belongs to China!
Is not this perfidy in interna-
tional relations?
If such methods were to be-
come predominant in the rela-
tions among states, there would
be no place left for law. Its
place would be taken by law
lessness and arbitrariness.
So, Mr.. President, your SYM
pathies are one thing, and ac-
tions against the security and
independence of other peoples,
undertaken on the basis of
such Sympathies, are very much
another. You may, Of course,
express your sympathy with
the imperialist and colonialist
countries. This does not sur
prise anyone. For example, you
vote with them in the United
Nations. This is a matter of
your morality. But what has
been done against Cuba Is no
longer morality. 1t is gang
Sterisn1
Evening star., 1961-04-23
Cubus's Will Is Clear

The Cuban people have again
expressed their will with a
clarity that should have left
no doubt even in the minds of
those who prefer to shut their
eyes to reality. They have
shown that they not only know
their interests, but can stand
UP for them. Cuba today is
not, of course, the Cuba you
identify with the handful of
traitors who have come out
against their people. 1t is the
Cuba Of workers, peasants and
intellectualS, it is a people
which has rallied behind
its revolutionary government
headed by the national hero,
Fidel Castro. And, judging by
everything, this people received
the interventionists in a worthy
way. Is not this convincing
proof Of the real will Of the
people of Cuba?
I think it is. And since this
Is so, is it not time for all to
draw sober conclusions from
this?
AS for the Soviet Union, we
have stated on many occasions,
and ! am stating again, that
our government does not seek
any advantages or privileges in
Cuba. We do not have any bases
in Cuba, and we do not intend
3 to establish any. And this is
well known to you, to your
generals and admirals. And If,
despite this, they still try to
frighten the people by fabrica-
tions about Soviet bases" on
Cuba, this is obviously de-
signed for simpletons. But
there are fewer and fewer such
simpletonss including in the
United States, I hope.
BY the way, I would like to
express my opinion concerning
your statements, Mr.. President,
and the statements by some
other United States politicians
that rockets and other arms
could, aileEediy. be located on
the territory Of Cuba for pos
Aible use against the United
states.
The inference made from this
is that the United States
Sellegedly has some right to
Evening star., 1961-04-23
What Freedom?

You try to justify the organi-
Zation Of a military attack on
Cuba, committed for the sole
reason that the way Of life
chosen by Its people does not
accord with the tastes Of the
ruling circles of the United
States and the North American
monopolies operating in Latin
American, by talk about the
United States Governments al
lesiance to the ideals of free
dom" But, one may ask, what
freedom are you talking about?
Is it freedom to strangle the
Cuban people by the bony hand
Of hunger through the estab-
liShment Of an economic block
ade? Is this freedom?
Is it freedom to send military
planes over the territory OF
Cuba, to subject peaceful Cuban
cities to barbarous bombings
to set fire to sugar cane planta-
tionS? Is this freedom?
History offers many instances
where under the pretext of the
defense of freedom peoples were
drowned in blood, colonial wars
were waged, and one small ma
ton after another was taken
by the throat.
In this case, apparently, you
mean a striving Of the United
States Government to restore
on Cuba freedom" under which
this country would dance to the
tune Of her more powerful
neighbor, and foreign monopo-
lies would again be able to
plunder the national wealth OF
Cuba, to wax rich on the sweat
and blood Of the Cuban people.
But it is precisely against such
freedom" that the Cuban
people accomplished their revo-
luton when they threw out
Batista, who may have Loyalty
served the interests Of his for
eign masters but who was a for
eign element in the body Of the
Cuban nation.
You, Mr.. President, display
concern for q handful OF
enemies who were expelled by
their people and found refuge
under the wing Of those who
want to keep the guns of their
cruisers and destroyerS trained
on Cuba. But why are you not
concerned over the fate Of the
six million Cuban people, why
are you unwilling to heed their
inalienable right to a free and
independent life, their right to
arrange their domestic affairs
the way they see fit? Where
are the standards of interna-
tional law or. even simple
human morality that would
justify this position? They
simply do not exist.
Evening star., 1961-04-23
Aggression at Stake

I should like to stress that If
the United Nations is really to
become strong and fulfil the
functions for which it has beer
established-and at presen {
this organization, unfortunate
ly, is an organism which al
ready is stricken by the bacilli
of colonialism and imperialism
the United Nations must
strongly denounce the bandit
actions against Cuba.
And the point here is not
only to denounce the United
States. The important thing is
that denunciation of aggres-
sion should become a prece-
dent, a lesson which other
countries, too, could learn SO
that aggression is never again
repeated. Because If we were to
Evening star., 1961-04-23
Question Is Evuded

I can only regard this as a
striving to evade the main
questionable question Of ag-
greSsion against Cuba. We are
prepared, under appropriate
circumstances, to exchange
opinions also on the question
of the ways Of the development
of human society, even though
this question Is not settled by
debates between groups or in
dividuals, however high their
position may be. The question
Of whose system is better will
be decided by history, by the
peoples themselves.
You, Mr.. President, speak
often and much Of your desire
to see Cuba free. But then this
is flatly contradicted by all the
United States actions with re-
gard to this small country, let
alone the last armed attack
against Cuba organized with q
view to forcibly changing her
internal system.
For it was the United States
that imposed on Cuba, nearly
so years ago, the enslaving
terms Of the Havana Treaty.
and established its Guantanamo
military base on her territory.
And yet the United States is
the most powerful country in
the Western Hemisphere, and
no one in that hemisphere can
threaten you by a military in
vasion. Consequently. If you
continue to retain your mill
tary base on the territory of
Cuba against the clearly ex-
pressed will Of the Cuban peo-
pie and its government, it is
because this base does not
serve the purposes of defense
against an attack by any ex-
ternal forces, but has for its
aim to suppress the will Of the
Latin American peoples. It was
established to fulfill the func-
tions Of a gendarme. to keep
the peoples of Latin America
politically and economically
dependent.
The Government Of the
United States is now fulmina-
ting against Cuba. But this
only speaks of one thing-of
your not being sure of your
own system, of the policy pur-
sued by the United States. And
this is understandable as 1t is a
policy Of exploitation, a policy
Of the economic enslavement
of underdeveloped countries.
You fear, therefore, that
Cuba'S example might prove
contagious to other countries.
But aggressive, bandit actions
cannot save your system. In the
historic process of the develop
ment of human society, every
people decides and will decide
it's destiny itself.
AS for the Soviet Union, the