davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Cnstro's Trial

Sober Americans reading
David Lawrence's remarks
regarding a possible interna-
tional trial for Fidel Castro
(Star, May 15) must ponder
the possibility with some
trepidation.
Not that Castro does not
deserve trying with those,
including some Americans,
who are responsible for his
ascendancy. It could mean
that an American President,
his cabinet and chiefs of
staff, could be tried, convict
ed and executed following an
unsuccessful war If, in their
prosecution Of that war, they
committed acts considered
improper by the victorious
enemy.
Who can say that fear Of
this development has not
hampered our public officials
in their conduct of interna-
tional relations in recent
years? Undoubtedly it is not
unconnected with the cam
paign of defeatism emanat-
ing from some Of our more
highly placed citizens.
The genocide pact, which
narrowly escaped becoming
law and may still rise again,
was based on this principle Of
international punis h ment,
only narrowed down to the in
dividual. Under its provisions.
Americans could have been
taken to other countries for
trial for injuring, by word as
well as deed. a national OF
any other country. The
armed forces treaty permits
trial in foreign courts of
American soldiers forcibly
stationed in those countries.
Castro should be tried for
his crimes. But he should be
tried by the people Of Cuba,
not by an international court
or one Of another nation. If
the latter should happen. as
Mr.. Lawrence predicts, why
should not the Americans
who helped Castro establish
himself or those who had a
hand in the abortive attempt
to overthrow his regime face
the same tribunal?
Let us not encourage this
type of thinking but admit
that the Tokyo and Nuern-
berg trials were a sad mis-
take. Would our own Civil
War have been any more de-
cisive had General Lee been
tried and hanged as a war
criminal? Charles w. Carter.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Not Qualified?

Who cares? Whom can one
appeal to? What has become
of the good words of our
new President regarding
qualifications for Government
service?
The National Capital
Planning Commission Act
requires that besides the
seven ex-officio members
there be five eminent citi-
zenS. we'll qualified and ex-
perienced in city or regional
planning, appointed by the
President for six-year terms"
Now, in the first Kennedy
Administration appointment
to this Commission. we have
a most blatant example Of
disregard for the intent of
this act and for the true in
terest of the Capital of our
country.
This is no personal criti-
cism of the appointee who
I am sure, is Intelligent
and nice"-and those are
not sarcastic adjectives.
Virginia w. Riggs.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Option on Tdxes

On April Z, 1858, The Star
published our letter In which
we proposed a plan for "An
Optional Filing Procedure in
the Collection of State In
come Taxes"
Recently there was reported
in The Star a news item of a
plan suggested by the Dis
trict Government for District
income tax payments to be
based on flat percentages of
Federal income tax payments.
There was also cited in this
same news item information
that the States Of Alaska and
West Virginia have instituted
income tax payments based
on percentages Of the Federal
tax payment.
While it is not Of moment
whether our letter in The
Star had any stimulus in the
actions Of Alaska and West
Virginia or of the District,
it is Of some Importance in
what direction the District
proposal may lead, as Federal
and District returns are to an
extent at variance. A single
instance may be cited as an
example: The Federal Gov
ernment allows a deduction
for District income tax pay
ments-the District Govern
ment on the other hand does
not allow a deduction for
Federal income tax payments.
Tax experts can no doubt cite
many instances Of variance.
Our proposed plan is Of
a dual optional nature. The
option is both for the State
and for the individual payer.
The first option for the State
does not enter this discus
sion since the District would
be collecting its own taxes.
The option on the part of an
individual is another matter.
In order to avoid burden
some inequities the individual
should have the choice Of
filing a comprehensive re-
turn or of filing a simplified
form based upon a flat per-
centage of his Federal pay
ment.
We feel the District pro-
posal is a step in the right
direction. However. that step
should be taken with careful
consideration to reduce the
possibility of inequities. 1t
should not be an arbitrary
action simply to make things
simpler.
Minna Y. TOmkin
A. E, TOmkin,
Evening star., 1961-05-19
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
MoIody Makes Things Seem Smaller
By THOMAS R. HENRY

There is a weird little
ness" disease.
This strange mind malady,
micropSia. is found chiefly in
children. 1t is described by
DR.. James Anthony of Wash
ington University. St. Louis.
Attacks are thus charac-
terized by victims:
Everyone and everything
suddenly seems to get
smaller and move further
and further away. It's
like looking through h
the wrong end of a
telescope"
If l stare at things they
begin to get smaller. TIL e
rooms seem to get over
crowded as if there were too
much furniture in it. Some
times things seem to get
brighter and darker. Moth
ing stays the same as ordi-
nary :"
Il was watching a ball
game and everyone seemed to
be shouting at once and get
ting smaller and smaller.
Either I was getting away
from them or they were get
ting away from me. I have
a queer feeling and then I
can't remember anything =.
When I have it I think
I'm going deaf. Everything
seems to 60 far away and
become small. I become very
frightened and bits of my
skin feel hot. :"
Two Forms
The condition, DR.. An
thony says, seems to have
two forms, although tn e
symptoms in each are very
similar. One apparently may
be a prelude to epileptic at
tacks which can be expected
later in life. The other is a
prelude to non-epileptic psy-
chogenic conditions.
The condition, he points
out. has been associated with
difficulties with the tenn
poral lobe of the brain and
also has been explained by
various pSychoanalysts. The
latter, however, have worked
with very few Cases. In any
event, there is a wide depart
ure of the individual from
the reality of the world
around him.
4
Earth has a dust shell.
It should become apparent
at distances between 600 and
TOO miles above the planets
surface.
This hypothesis was pre-
sented before the American
Geophysical Union here by
DR.. S. F. Singer of the Uni
versity of Maryland.
The shell presumably Is
made up of interplanetary
dust particles which have or
bits around the sun very SIM
liar to that of the earth It.
self. At calculable distances,
Evening star., 1961-05-19
JFKs 'BriIIionce'

SchleSinger praises Ken
nedy as brilliant" accord
ing to Sundays Star. agree,
Mr.. Kennedy is brilliant
when delivering speeches
written by himself or by his
Harvard associates. I can re-
member back as far as when
I was in the second grade
in school. when someone
would brag about his fathers
or his own accomplishments.
we would answer by saying
talking Is cheap but it takes
money to buy land"
Not having been born yes
terday. knowing what people
sometimes say in November
they forget in May Il think
the laundry workers will at
test to this), I have saved
copies of papers carrying the
prediction speeches of the
various c an didates. The
papers Of November 6 re-
ported a nationally televised
speech Mr.. Kennedy made
the night before in New
YOrk'S Coliseum
In many of his speeches
during the campaign. the
Democratic candidate made
reference to our waning
prestige" throughout the
world. In the above, men,
toned speech Mr.. Kennedy
spoke of the rebuilding of
American prestige mot by
words but by works" That
was a wonderful speech he
made on Laos, but what did
1t amount to except a lot of
words? In his speech at the
Coliseum, Mr.. Kennedy said,
in carrying out his program,
Il am not promising action
in the first 100 days alone
I am promising you 1000
days Of exacting presidential
leadership" I fear for our
prestige if his next 1000
days are anything like his
first 100 days.
Speaking Of brilliancy, I
will say the most brilliant
thing I have noticed lately
is the attitude of our former
President and many leading
Republicans. They did not
gloat over the Cuban debacle
like some Democrats did over
the U-2 incident. H. F. Shipley
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Model Law

WaShingtonianS should be we'll
pleased with the House District Subcom-
m1ttee hearings on a voting law which
will enable them to take part in preSi-
Dental elections. For while basic
decisions as to form and substance are
yet to be made, the essential questions
were amply covered. And in the spirit
OF the hearings as whole, there was
much to encourage hope that prompt
and favorable action will be taken.
On the controversy over voting age,
we see no compelling need for the
District to drop below the traditional
level of 81 years, which now is observed
in all but four States But neither is
there reason, if Congress sees fit to fix
lower minimum, for hue and cry to
be raised. Actually, one probably is not
a great deal more mature politically at
81 than at 18, if that is to be the gauge.
AS to the period of residency to be
required, our only concern is that
sufficient time be assured for election
officials to guarantee the eligibility of
all voters. Nationally, for example, 35
OF the so States now require residence
of one year in order to vote for President.
According to Senator Heating of New
York, however, the rigidity of these
requirements serves to diSfranchise
between 5 and million people in each
election, an effect which has stimulated
moves across the country toward lib
eralization. AS compact urban entity
with relatively high transient popula-
tim
differ from those in the States. This is
a point, in any event, which deserves
attention.
Although numerous other issues are
involved, the primary decision facing the
subcommittee is whether the new law
should specify voting provisions in
detail, or whether wide latitude should
be left to the Board Of Elections
Most witnesses, including adminiStra-
tion spokesmen and the civic and politi-
cal leaders of the city, leaned toward a
simple bill, at least partly on the as
sumption that this would minimize con-
troversy in Congress consideration of
the legislation. Some subcommittee
members, however, were plainly Skepti-
cal OF this approach, particularly in a
city where voting will be a new ex-
perience. There was rightful concern
on their part also that this will be no
ordinary voting ordinance, that the
District Of Columbia inevitably will be
national showcase in the conduct Of its
elections, and that the rules governing
them should constitute a model law.
Consonant with adequate controls,
our feeling is that the fewer restrictions
there are on voting, the better. The
technicalities, however, are matters
about which members of Congress have
infinitely more f1rsthand knowledge
than most Washingtonians. Frankly,
we are delighted to have their help.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Bitter Winter

1t was comforting to hear
of Mr.. Xanten's plea for some
decent cooperation by the
D. c. Transit System in
clearing its loading platforms
and bus stops after snow
storms. 1 hope it may bear
fruit.
The transit systems fall
ure to provide for the safety
and convenience of its pa
irons during the bad weather
of the past winter, and also
the winter before, should
have met with immediate
and drastic action on the
part of our local govern
ment. We had the absurd
situation Of snow plows &C
tually scooping the snow and
ice up onto the loading plat
forms and bus stops, to make
a clear way for the automo-
biles. and then leaving 1t
there. piled up to the height
of several feet. The new
fallen snow was bad enough,
but as it began to melt and
freeze, intermittently, those
trying to board vehicles
found themselves on slippery
mounds. sloping on both sides
toward the roadway, in con-
slant danger of sliding off
under moving traffic. So we
had the sorry spectacle of the
District government and the
transit company system, like
grudging children in a house
hold. trying to get out of nee
essary chores. Bus stops. even
on heavily travelled streets,
we're left untouched, except
where a few human-hearted
citizens volunteered to ease
the plight of the transit
users.
Another thing which went
totally uncorrected was the
accumulation of snow and
ice on the steps of our street.
cars and buses.
1t is not only in snowy
weather that our bus stops
need proper attention. Every
where except in the thor
oughly paved central section
of the city we have disgrace
full mud holes for bus stops,
and most of the drivers seem
to take a vicious delight in
stopping exactly where the
mud is deepest. when a few
feet more traction would en-
able the passengers to alight
on comparatively clean
ground. Any transit company
with any interest at all in
its passengers would see that
these places are at least
cindered over.
Vera E. Adams.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DrtterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
tion. Those not used toiu be
returned only Uhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-05-19

@. When did women be-
gin attending prize fights in
the United StateS?-R.A.
A. The late Frank G.
Menke in his Encyclopedia
of Sports" says that the first
time women in any numbers
attended a boxing bout in
this country was for the Jess
Willard-Frank Moran fight
in Madison Square Garden,
New York City, in 1916. The
fights promoter, Tex Rick
ard, put on a drive for wom-
en- patrons, and about 300,
most of them from the fash
ionable set, attended.
@. When was the first
railroad tunnel constructed
in this country?-P.R.
A. The first railroad tun-
mel in the United States was
constructed in 1888 for the
Allegheny Portage Railroad,
four miles east of Johnstown,
Pa.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
'EffronteY'

I heartily agree with Mrs.
Frances Ellis letter in The
Star of May IL. AS another
native. I think she was very
mild in her reply to the crit
icism of the city. The eff
frontery of foreigners" who
barge in and take over in
the various phases of the
city's life surely burns me
up. Those loudest in crit
icism are so thick skinned
that they still hang on even
when they are told that if
they don't like it, they can
leave any time.
"Yanks Go Home!
Evening star., 1961-05-19

DR.. Singer said, the force
holding them in their orbits
and the gravitational attrac-
ton pulling them towards
the earth become essentially
equal. The result is that at
these distances they tend to
accumulate in a shell-like
formation.
TenuOuS Shell
1t is, at the best, an ex-
tremely tenuous shell, DR..
Singer said, but above about
600 miles its density is
greater than that of the
planets atmosphere, which
is about on the point of van
iShing altogether. The density
OF the shell, he said, can be
calculated at far less than a
gram per cubic centimeter.
The shell" probably
reaches its greatest density
at an altitude of around
$500 miles. The dust belt,
OF course, is not directly OBJ
servable but is strongly sug-
geSted by some satellite re-
cordings. He has, DR.. Singer
said, a simple experimental
test to check his deductions.
The belt. he said, should
have determinable effects on
magnetic forces in interplan-
etary space. These should de-
crease steadily up to about
$4,000 miles above the earth's
surface, followed by an
equivalent increase above
about 10000 miles. This also,
he said. is strongly suggested
by satellite records. although
it does not fully explain them
and some factors at present
unknown must he jnvolved
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Reds Aim Goes Far Beyond Laos
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor

to dismiss this blast as simple
propaganda and ignore the
implications it holds for any
agreement on Laos that may
be reached.
What the Chinese foreign
minister means is clearly
that the naturalization" Of
Laos will be a mere formality
so far as the Chinese are
concerned, as long as any
American force or Western
oriented countries remain in
what they consider their
proper sphere Of influence.
How far the Russians sup
port their Chinese friends in
this matter is a subject Of
debate among the experts
here. Certainly Soviet For
eign Minister Gromyko was
far more restrained in his
own remarks, saying mere
ly that involvement of Laos
in the sphere of action OF
the SEATO treaty could no
longer be tolerated" Though
not itself a member OF
SEATO, Laos is under the
protection of the treaty or
ganization and this apparent
ly is what Mr. Gromyko
wants to have changed.
The Russian View
Restraint on the part Of
the Russians, however. is not
taken as a sign of any real
split in the Communist ranks
when it comes to long-range
detectives in Southeast Asia.
The Russians, it is true,
would almost certainly prefer
to see an expansion of COM
munism in that area come
about by relatively peaceful
means, with well-organized
assists by local guerrilla fore
es where this is necessary.
They would probably try to
restrain the Chinese from
taking aggressive action that
might provoke direct Ameri-
can military intervention. So
far as they are concerned, the
naturalization" is a safer
and less messy way of reach
ing the same goal.
To think that Mr.. Gromyko
is any less determined than
Chen vi to destroy SEATO
and bring Southeast Asia I'M
der Communist domination,
however, would be a grave
mistake. AS Secretary Of
State Rusk put it in his reply
to the Chinese:
There is only one problem
OF peace in Southeast Asia
and indeed in many other
parts of world. 1t is whether
those who have wrapped
around themselves the doc
trine of the historical inevi-
liability of world domination
by their own particular po-
litical system merely believe
it or will attempt to impose
it upon others by all means
at their disposal"
This is indeed the real ques-
tion that dominates all the
technicalities involved in this
conference. And the answers
being supplied by leading
spokesmen for the Commu-
mist side have so far been
. anything but reaSsuring.
Evening star., 1961-05-19
GENEVA,

GENEVA.
Apart from oratory and
legalistic maneuvering, the
objectives of the Communist
side at this international
conference already have been
made brutally clear.
These objectives go far be-
yond Laos and, indeed, far
beyond anything that can be
accomplished at this confer
ence. The present meeting is
simply a step toward a much
broader goal which is quite
simply the final liquidation
of areas of Western influence
and military strength in
Southeast Asia.
Chen vi, Com mu nj t
China's foreign minister, who
is not exactly noted for his
subtlety, spelled out this OBJ
jective very clearly for his
fellow delegates in his OPEN
ing remarks.
$50 far as the peace and
security of Southeast Asia as
a whole are concerned, the
Laotian question is by no
means an isolated one" Mr..
Chen warned. "If the fac
tors which are now threat
ening the peace and security
of Southeast Asia are not
removed, a settlement of the
Laotian question, itself. can
not be safely insured"
These factors" it quickly
developed, were the presence
Of the American military
mission and grants of mill
tary aid in South Wet Nam,
preventing a complete take
over of the country by Com
munist Pathet Lao guerrillas
or, as Mr.. Chen put it, "ob-
structing the peaceful reuni-
fication of Wet Nam"
Other IrritatiOns
Equally irritating was the
situation in Thailand which
the United States had turned
into "its main military base
and a source of war in
Southeast Asia" There were
other puzzling references to
American use of a remnant
of Chinese Nationalist refu-
gees against various other
nations Of Southeast Asia
and China itself. Mr.. Chen
concluded.
The aggressive SEATO
military bloc has become the
principal tool of the United
States for encroaching on the
sovereignty of different
countries, interfering in their
internal affairs and inces-
sanity creating turmoil in
Southeast Asia. This bloc is
the root cause of tension, not
only in Laos but also in the
whole Of Southeast Asia. Only
by abolishing this bloc can
peace and security in South
east Asia. including Laos, be
preserved and consolidated" ."
Chen vi quite certainly is
under no illusions that
SEATO will be abolished be-
cause he wants it to be or as
the result Of anything that
may be decided here in
Geneva. At the same time it
would be very foolish indeed
Evening star., 1961-05-19
Answers to Questions

A reader can get an answer. by
mail, to any question Of fact by
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 635 F street NV. Washington
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or addressed, stamped
envelope
Evening star., 1961-07-02
RELP WOMEN
NACHTEPC

CASHIER, part time. Exper. des.
Neat appearance. Must be avail.
to work S-hr. shift or few hours
as required. Box 33l-B, Star.
Evening star., 1961-07-02
PROPERTY MANAGER

Experienced man to direct opera
S,S91d,ol, Slon OF q large large number Of apt:
must be thoroughly experienced in
all phases of apt. management;
starting salary $1,000 per VI. for
right man with wonderful chance
1or advancement. State Qualiffca-
tons in replies to Box 272-B.
Star.
ZEAL ESTATE saleslady or mani We
need helpi Unlimited earningsl
Car necessary Experience pre-
ferable but not essential. Call Mr..
Lamb or Mr.. Peterson at RIPLEY
CO, JU. 5-6115.
REAL ESTATE SALESMAN, full OF
part time; must have earnest de-
sire to make this a career. Educa-
tional and comprehensive advan-
tages the finest anywhere.
BOWERS BROS, AP. 7-S400
REAL ESTATE SALESMAN to sell
new houses in the semi-luxury
price range. This is career
opportunity with a substantial
local construction firm. For per-
Sonal interview call today VIII. g.
1866 during the week after l pm J
REAL ESTATE SALESMAN for
office active in Bethesda Chevy
with TED LINGO REALTY.
REAL ESTATE SALESMAN
Must be experienced to associate
with small highly successful sales
force. Old established Prince
Georges County Realtor firm.
Many unusual company benefits
Drop by and see Al Davis or any
OF the statesmen.
ROBERT s. DAVIS g. CO., INC.
6s04 Baltimore Ave, Hyatts.. Nd.
REAL ESTATE statesmen = We
want hungry and ambitious peo-
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va. Can start at ground level OF
improve your position you can ap-
ply. We don't entice statesmen
from brokers. II you viii work,
apply yourself and persevere, you
can be well off. Give particulars.
Box S2-B, Star.
REAL ESTATE TRAINEES-If you
nave desire to learn, and you are
the type Of person to present
yourself well, we will give you
the opportunity to learn the real
EARN WHILE YOU LEARN"
Our next training period starts
July lst. Call for an appointment
at LO. 5-0S00, ask for Mr.. Moore.
". ]. NICHOLAS LO. 5-OSOO
REAL ESTATE SALESMAN-Col-
ored, one full time. experienced
preferred; will guarantee weekly
draw, extremely active office:
plenty OF office owned properties
and hstings. Open for one man or
Woman. Call Mr. SevrnnIIr
Evening star., 1961-07-02
HELP MEN

SODA FOUNTAIN MANAGER. good
fountain, good working schedule;
salary and commission basis: must
be experienced. Apply ROCK
CREEK DRUGS. $500 Grub I'd,
Silver Spring, JU. 9-1327.
Evening star., 1961-07-02
HELP MEN

SALESMAN to sell service (no prod
uct) for new branch Of national
firm. Wide appeal to almost any
starter to help build from bottom
up. EXCEPTIONAL future for right
man. Prefer someone available
on short notice. State full de-
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Evening star., 1961-07-02
han ESTATE salesiady oT man, ",

Ul7zzaE z 4 N = sdICoIduy UI uIdLI W e
need helpl Unlimited earnings!
Car necessary Experience pre-
ferable but not essential. Call Mr..
Lamb or Mr.. Peterson at RIPLEY
CO., JU. 5-61i5.
Evening star., 1961-07-02

B0OKKEEPER TYPiST, through
general ledger, newly created posi-
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MAC EMPL., oil King st., Alex,
Evening star., 1961-07-02

REAL ESTATE SALESMAN to sell
new houses in the semi-luxury
price range. This is a career
local construction firm. For per-
Sonal interview call today VIII. g.
1866 during the week after l PM
Evening star., 1961-07-02
d. learn WHILE YOU LEARN"
Murray Levine ia. 1914

ZEAL ESTATE statesmen, 3 open
ings for aggressive experienced
sales personnel. Here is an op-
portunity for proven producers
to associate with the areas larq-
est real estate organization in its
fices. Call Mr.. Gruen JU. T.770o
THE RERENC HOMD ANTEC