davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
PopuIation And PoIitieuI Power

Census composition
metropolitan story
given nontes NegOes) and they
being encirced all white nearly anVhte suburban
York. example Negro population
central city with Negroes living the rest Of its metropolitan
Chicago Negroes its central city and only 57
in the rest Of its metropolitan
The trend observable in Los Angeles There 33s 1e
Negroes the central city of Los Angeles with another 1854 the
Long Beach, grand total 34447 There
12O27O Negroes outside the centers Of these cities.
concentration Negroes in the central cities undoubtedly
political powerLos Angeles Negro population
population Chcagos Negro population
of the total while Phladpas 2s4 and Deros is 2sS
problems facing Negro Leadership
which utilize balance political power that being
thrust into the hands Negroes Obviously we've done pretty
Los Angeles where the 1875 cent Of the Negro population is
representation City affairs
many impotence Negroes
Angeles municipal affairs but the time has when cast
decide what do remedy the situation
proportion population about the
that Of New Yorks We needn't time point the f
ference between the influence OF Negroes in New York and
nuence in Los Angeles in civic and political affairs
We would like study Negroes utilize their
influence in cities and neglect in others-CafOa
EAGLE.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

Copyright, 1851, Robert @.
Spivack).
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

human beings with their own
rights" "
Given seven years Of hard labor
and Punishment to the back coun-
try, he is still at Lodwar, a far-of
outpost where he is supposedly
under restriction" but not hard
labor. Pressure for his release has
been mounting steadily according
to present dispatches from Kenya.
This Is a thrilling and most en-
crossing rundown Of one mans
desperate attempt to win respect
for himself and his people In this
mad, atomic world. Properly eval-
uated it also has much to tell about
current problems not only Of KEN
va, Africa, but Of modern civiliza-
ton itself.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

interesting visitor to our office last Friday was Aanae JIM
ga acting director Of information and services Of Togo the
1e month old West African republic.
Mrs Josie Johnson hard working board member Of the ten
tonal Center for Foreign Visitors and Students thoughtful enough
to bring MI. Jiminiga to for brief chat
Mr. Jnngass country is relatively tiny the
ether newly independent Africa nations The land Togo
400 miles long and at its widest point is only 90 miles its
thickest bulge.
national language French and most Of the inhabitants embrace the
Christian faith.
It's needs the official said the most pressing educaOn
have modern OF the continent Africa
north by English speaking Ghana and on the west by the republic of
Dahomey which became sovereign state in 1860.
Togo has seaport city LONE the capital city which is said to
the Germans controlled the country before World
Mr. iga said the country lacks good roads The U.S. recently
gave the country substantial number Of buldozers and tractors with
which the rapidly building roads and repairing those
carelessy built by the French during their 40 rule
Tho country presently "wa" TO end malaria and
other African based diseases with the aid WHO the UN
health organization.
principal agriculture Togo a good
export crops cotton
mining supposed found traces of
n interior
Mr. Jnnga good press representative do
parliament getting
We have no to highly intelligent handsome
slightly young addition to French
He voiced the same complaint most African visitors we greet
not tours
by visiting Africans that they Negro America first
greet arng in this
great country" Mr. Jiminiga told
the us. and Porto Rico since
May Although
industry newspaper the first Negro publication he had
the and composition Of number
Negro weekies which reach desk each week. "
49, that he had
opportunity with American Negro
favby impressed his meeting with Negro
professional a a Francisco dinner.
Jmiga said the people of his country hungry for in
Negro We showed him old
Negro Colored America 1t avdly picking
variety positions held Negroes in American hfe
pointed volume last published in 1850 and
the status Of the American Ne
Negroes engaged in wider number Of
fessons useful careers in the past 10 years - -
the latest Negro Year
issued in 1852 This book
and white too who wants
the America ought to have
Jminiga plans buy Of the volumes to
believe volume still be secured
through Tuskegee Institute.
Jminiga described country Oym
great with Brazilian background Many Brazs
Togo slaves from Africa and the South
country natural ties with the tiny African country
Olympus leaders time before his
country freedom.
Jminiga has been with too foreign
especially Africa BRIEF short to
countries the
people, the aspirations Cecil
Newman.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

COST Nun IAAo ctcCIRoA- Ancy AEG
too political, he does not marshal
all his facts, his presentation APP
pears disorderly and he seems al
together mrelaxed.
Nixon begins, as he did In the
debates. in a tone Of sweet reason
ableness. Then, without warning or
adequate preparation Of the reader,
he suddenly begins a slashing,
fierce attack.
He makes the mistake that even
professional writer's occasionally
make. He assumes that with ad-
jectives and epithets he can de-
stroy his opponent. This is regret
table, not because It Is Nixon at
lacking his old rival but because
there is a reasonable, plausible case
to be made for the get-tough posi-
ton which he advocates.
Perhaps there Is a clue to what
is wrong with the Nixon approach
in this paragraph from his third
piece.
II am preparing articles on each
Of the subjects I have discussed, I"
Nixon discloses. by the time
they are ready for publication I
hope that the decisions win have
been made which win make UNI
necessary the publication Of the
constructive criticism I now feel
should be made In the national In
terest."
Just what does that paragraph
mean? It could be construed to
mean that Nixon Is Withholding
his constructive criticism" mere
ly to see If JFK Is smart enough
to anticipate him. Or it could
mean that Nixon is building sus-
pense and trying to whet public
interest in what he win come up
with next.
It also sounds as II he Is saying,
Get in line Kennedy or I am
coming after you"
In his essay Nixon writes later,
This Is no time for those Of US In
the loyal opposition to say We
told you so.'"
Exactly. Unfortunately the tone
of the third article conveys the
opposite impression. Probably be-
cause it Is so vague and general
lied Nixon seems to be saying in
every paragraph, II told you So"
The election Is over.
That does not mean the public
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

Sentimental? Perhaps to people
born into a free society; but In
Kenya 1t touched the very core Of
African politics as witness the
headlines in today and tomorrows
newspapers.
On Aug. 4, 1850. Mau Mau was
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

declared an illegal society. Al
though no one knew for certain
who was behind it, IL anyone. The
bullets, the pangs deadly plan
tation knives) and the 13,547 corp
ses were to achieve nothing final,
but merely postpone the day when
both black and white would have
to find, for their own peace of
mind, a rational answer to the
two-headed myth Of their own
creation
So Kenyatta was arrested and
at the long trial he said on his
own behalf and the others accused
what he had said so often In the
past years Of his life: that all he
and the others wanted was that
africans should be treated rs
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

plosion occurred for lack Of a safe
ty valve.
II the British would have care
fully read Kenyatta's Facing Mt.
Kenya" (1938 and reprinted In
1853 at the height Of the Mau Mau
disturbances) and described by lit
erary and political experts as still
the best book on the Kil1uyus'',
the terrible Mau Mau blood bath
probably wouldn't have happened
and the progressive decline into
racial conflict would have stopped.
Amazing as it may seem, the
traditional system Of government
as utilized by the Kenya natives
before the British arrived was
based on true democratic prin-
ciples". And author George Deli
pinpoints this vital fact with clar-
flying exactness.
In their watertight community,
with its clubs. its golf, its hunting,
and its built-in sense Of national
superiority, few Europeans had
any conception Of the psychology
cal chaos which lay around them
like the passengers on the doomed
Titanic, they did not see where
they were goingI They studiousIy
disregarded the true democratic
principles" Of the Kikuyuans for
their own profit and comfort
Kenyatta was too intelligent a
man not to sense the dangerous
degree Of confusion into which
Kenya had drifted. But to do
something about it was q horse Of
a different color.
He did not devote all his
speeches to problems Of land, the
color bar and the vote franchise.
He frequently warned his listeners
that unless they learn how to
work intelligently" they would
not get the things they wanted.
And author Negley Farson admit
ted, He speaks more plain words
to his own people than a white
man cantor they listen.
But the policy Of governmental
gradualism built up a reaction first
Of disappointment, then anger,
then hatred It could lead only to
trouble-and did.
Even the words Of Fenner
Brockman, q high government Of
fetal as he retired from active
service In Kenya, had a deep and
significant meaning. The follow
ing quote won a storm Of applause:
when q baby h born, IL h not
the pigment Of the slCin which
makes IL precious; Il h the ME,
the spirit, within that little form,
be IL white, brown, black or yell
low, which makes it sacred"
Sentimental? Perhaps to people
born into a free society; but In
Kenya 1t touched the very core of
African politics as witness the
headlines in today and tomorrows
newspapers.
On Aug. 4, 1850. Mau Mau was
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04

has lost interest In current af-
fairs. Some might welcome re-
sumption Of the Kennedy-Nixon
debates. But I should think every
one, Republicans and Democrats,
would want 1t ON q higher level
than last year
As Nixon himself writes "the
stakes are too high" for campaign
type politics.
Two other references In the Nix
on article further Illustrate how
difficult 1t is to change profess
sions. The former Vice President
starts off with what newspaper
men call the smash Lead.
The shakedown cruise Of the
Kennedy Administration is over.
The national interest demands that
he drop overheard the pilots who
have almost run the Ship Of State
aground In the past six months
and take over the wheel himself"
Fine idea, but what Is he talking
about? Who are the anonymous
pilots? On which proposals
have they gone wrong? Is there
evidence to indicate that the Presi-
dent has not charted the very
course he wishes to follow? Or Is
Nixon attacking some shadowy
figures around JFK because it Is
questionable to make q direct at
tack on the President himselfH
One Nixon comment is alto
gether battling. He refers to q
Hamlet like psychosis" that
seems to afflict the Administra-
ton. Does he mean neurosis?
Richard M. Nixon is a far more
intelligent man than his critics
have ever made him out. He is
Of course, q man who has been
deeply hurt. But he did grow in
office and he has a deeper under
standing Of public affairs than
some of his campaign utterances
indicated. .... ...
In the rest Of his series it would
be better If he were to get down
to cases and put forth his own
program. Then, If the Russians
have not gone berserl, we can en-
Joy a great national debate.
Copyright, 1851, Robert @.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
Who's Inferior?

psychologist Garrett has just made bid for
finding weight evidence is favor
proposition mental ability (and
haps character) innate and genetc"
Is least two
Up to point psychology yet
measure mental ability.
century idea that there
recognizable discarded
anthopologsts unavoidable invalid concept It
the physical differences found
the world. environmental
q scientific finding based upon
unreasonable trait people divided
exactly this theory expounded
that 1t
political stump and the moingcar bull
respeabt Psychologist Garrett halls from
University doubt that he viii get much support
his theories from his colleagues.
ability" This been too
learned
anybody-phychologs anthopolog geneticist
hereditary the envonmenta factors
ability Indeed evidence and favor
environment a conditioner Of mental ability.
testing the schools did not actually native
intelligence training discipline the
then higher values the training and discipline
uppercass children that factory workers Since that
day startling intelligence including
possible intellectual activity
even in children given hOpelessly defective
Garrett respectabty argue
nferios mental ability and character
This its context of the ricul
respect qualities
At this point about the only comment feel able to make
intelligence that Psychologist Garrett ought to be
able to do better with his
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
Editorial Shorts

governors got together
BILE protecting states ngh foong nobodno
themselves We Negroes know what states rights" Dixie.
cynics complain that modern womens
nothing imagination just haven't got magma
ton!
way public housing would
Sanity housing
everybody St already housed housing faint sol!
Twntysevn this week preparing to write the
space just barely
Tuesday
type by Monday night Not much progress, here Ell?
Kennedys the bluff Rremln
spirit abroad in the land Nobody really wants
better
determined not to allow the masters
brighten what they consider comtrys
sponsibiEity
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
WATCH
on the
POTOMAC

Washington.-THE NIXON ARTICLES - Former Vice
President Richard NJ Nixon is in the process of making the
perous transition from politician to pundit It is big STEP
but in his initial he be making same
errors a writer that he made last fall debater
His first three articles show evidence Of the shortcomings
that lost him the debates with John Kennedy and possibly
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
JOmo KenY0ftC's
Impact On KenY0
ThFiIIino, Enorossind

JoMO KENYATEA by George
Deli published by Doubleday, $S.9'
Editors note: This being a
controversial subject and know
ing fun wen the impact Ken
yatta has had on black and
white alike all over the world,
we turned this review task over
to Edward p. schwartz, prom
inent Minneapolis civic worker,
veteran local printer, ex-news-
paper man, who has an inter
national reputation for his con-
slant stream Of "gag" cards but
even moro Importantly as pres
Ident Of the Henry Miller Liter
airy Society.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-08-04
BY EDWARD p. SCHWARTZ


Fancy Belt" and that's what
Kenyatta means in the KilIuyu
language - gained initial book
knowledge as a mission boy in
Kenya, Africa, and later in Eng
land, Denmark and Russia in di-
verse areas including anthropology
and economics.
Regarded by many Europeans as
a modern incarnation Of the devil
this grandson Of q Kil1uyu medi-
cine man--to Kenya Africans
he stands for the one hope Of this
technically backward country to
claim q respected place among
the nations Of the world
Jomo Kenyatta foresaw the up
heaval that British upper class
misrule, inept missionaries and the
tide Of time would take II detri-
balized natives were not carefully
and humanely handled.
Although he supposedly carried
on a Irritation with communism
The was once a roommate Of Paul
Robson In London), there Is real
iy no valid proof that the great
Kenya political leader ever devel-
oped any deep conviction for, or
understanding Of, the complex
theories Of Mar1dsm.
AS early as 1880 Kenyatta in a
letter to the Times Of London said:
Kilxuyu Central Association OBJ
jective was to help Kilxuyuans to
improve. themselves, not to "ape
the foreigners".
The letter ended with "the re-
preston Of native views on sub
jects Of vital interest to my people
by means Of legislative measures,
can. only be described as a short
sighted tightening up Of the safety
valve of free speech which must
Inevitably result In a dangerous
explosion - the one thing that all
sane men wish to avoid"
Twenty-Five years later the sz-
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
THE DEMON OF FEAR

Pear" was a familiar word on the
lips of Jesus: Fear not little flock,
it is your Fathers good pleasure to
give you the kingdom" Let not
YOUR hearts be fearful etc.
These and many other similar texts
we're used by him in addressing both
individuals and groups of people. He
knew, better than anyone else, how
morbid fear works havoc with people.
In his efforts to help and heal men
the first thing he attempted was to
expell the feeling of fear. lhls still
IS his method of dealing with man
kind. for no person can be what his
Creator intended him TO be, no man
can achieve his best work, and no one
can triumph over the forces of evil SO
long as his soul is gripped by fear.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23

All of us are fearful of something:
disease. lost of job, or fear of failure
in our work. One way or another. we
are bounded by the demon OF tear
from the cradle 10 the grave. But
IeSuS has come 10 teach us how 10
handle our fears. and he would have
us do something about them before
they DESTROY US. He meets our ankle
Ties with the curative of faith. be
not anxious about tomorrow he says
Believe in God. believe in me also.
Throw the whole of your anxiety
upon Him. because He cares for you
He teaches that God alone is able 10
master our fears and our only hope OF
being wholly free from them IS TO
have answering faith in Him.
To those of us who fear the
threatening dangers of our turbulent
times. NAV We learn to say IN the
words of John S. B. MonSell:
Faint not nor fear. His arms
are near.
He changeth not and thou art dear;
Onlv believe. and thou shalt see
That Christ IS all in all 10 thee.
W. Howe Donaldson
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
Victory Temple Sets Contest

Tae party III Re hel5 n Inc ie'c-
.u-e roorn Il Eks Lodge SIS Re
a-az.1a1s may h made sl-1 Ms
ll.l-z-e-. 19a2 C-1SP1s Dr.
P-ocee.5s BIZ II lse3 sor the ed
3cz.sa-zl Ind C0-chalTu1e1 are
sfrs Alme5a Cray a10 Ms VI o
Z zSEzz-
0t5ce-< q the e12cat5onzl con-
---se are ErS J 7 Scat,- Eea-
e. ,.a--zla2, aa6 Ms Leslie
1z-nz-sCz co-Cf4al.zz-zn s91 Coa-c-
z.zl.- If aC1lTl-5es-
Asso15zie c-.zz--sen n sctEi-
ms are Ms Rz1h Rsy, Ora-1-lcal
c,az-ae- Ms Loc5-le Martin, his
r. M Ms G-zy zad Mrs Wash
~
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
Pastors Mark
Anniversary

Pilgrim Missionary Baptist
Church viii celebrate the 36th an
aiversary OF the founding Of the
church with services Monday
through March IS.
Pastors from other churches
VIII speak AT the services, which
all De NJ p m The speakers
are
The Rev A ". Bishop, ST
LukeS CME Church. Monday: the
Rev G. ". Brown, Freewin Bap-
hst Church. Tuesday: the Rev.
Solomon Irving. Church of God IN
Christ. Wednesday: the Rev. J. E
Graves. Mt Olive Baptist Church.
Thursday. and the Rev. {. NJ
Curry. Be1bel AME Church. Fri
cay.
Mrs. NavTne johnson is chair
nan and Mrs. John Stewart is Co
chairman. The Rev. Robert White
head Is pastor Of Pilgrim Church
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23

E-1cz-z1- c-z--- -ee q Aals1s--ss
Tsn7le -. Daughters n s
has a--e.-7ceo activities n = {
yes--
u o-z.a-scal ce-ss. 81 K nd
at8D- A1-IT1St LIKE : CsdE
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have MOI zgzz5 tEs- 19- 1-r1-
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L czsa 4-s Al = gfe7 4
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5 81 Il EVsz - CCosr-
V c z-@e-e 57- ~ S.af
Interested ge-sZS 81
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Sealcl ---1cI-aS
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r.snS VI IL ssa-EsG = : IN
4a-1 : -CE.z- a-- 81 pa
~ wsrzn sil1--5 ser -s- rs
rs @
TIE -E planned 2 -se "a
Socs 81 oqgGE1v e@- -ascs
za8u5 tie ECas a11 ee-E'-ses q
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Mrs hzy N1sr : gzz
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
ILLINOIS NEWS


is an irnpossibility through human
and material agencies; II must be
through Spiritual Power. From
Bahai writings. Meetings: Each Sum
day at $50 pm, University study
classes 8 pm. each Friday night
Place: The Bahai Center SOB West
Elm ST, Urbana Children classes
each Sunday at BIS at lO8 East
Stoughton St. Fireside each Tuesday
night at 81 East John ST., Champaign.
AMERICAS MOST FAMOUS
GOSPEL SINGER
GOES TO EUROPE
New York City = VIP) = When
Americas foremost gospel singer,
Mahalia Jackson, goes to Europe in
early April, her two-month concert
tour will include an audience with the
g, Pope, tour of the Holy Land,
| benefit performances for US. Armed
forces units and a visit with the King
and Queen of Denmark.
For Miss Jackson, currently on a
Far West swing which ends In Santa
Fe, New Mexico, March Is. the
European trip will be her second
venture abroad. In 1852. the New
Orleans-born gospel singers remen-
; dously successful appearances on the
, Continent were interrupted after five
weeks when she took Ill and was
flown back to America for critical
surgery.
But now" Mahalia says happily.
The Lord has given me brand new
body and I'm going TO see the Holy
Land-the place where the Lord
suffered and died. It's going TO be
the most wonderful thing that ever
happened to me-
The Mahalia Jackson audience with
the Pope is the Inspiration of syn
dictated coIumnist Ed Sullivan.
Mahalia Jackson deyotee. Miss Jack
son has made numerous appearances
on the Sullivan Show
The American gospel singers visit
with Denmarks King Frederick the
Ninth and his Queen is the result of
an invitation the monarchS extended
Miss Jackson when she sang for them
at a Chicago reception given by
Mayor Daley during their recent visit
in America.
On her European tour Miss Jack
son will be accompanied by Alfred
Duckett, Syndicated columnist for
Vital Information Press. who will
take leave from VlP to handle press
for the gospel star. Mildred Falls,
longtime accompanist to Miss Jack
son, will also be in the party
MahaIia JaCkSon's European Itinerary
/. The following, 10 date, is the
European itinerary for Miss Mahalia
Jackson.
April london Albert Hall,
April 1l-Paris, Sale Playal; April
l4-Hamburg, Musikhall; April 10
Berlin, Sportspalast April l8-Stock-
holm, Koncerthaus: April 20-Copen-
hagen, 3 Falcons Theatre; April 217
Brussels. PaIais De Beaux Arts; April
24-Amsterdam: April 28-Zurich;
April 30-Munich.
2 This itinerary is incomplete.
Information regarding the month of
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
FREE WILL. AOn BAPTIST
JOINT SERVICE WEDNESDAY

Members Of Free VIII BepsiSt
Church Of Urtana viii participate
in services al s pm Wednesday
at the AOH Church Of God. col z
Vine St. Champaign
TIE Rev. G. " Brown. paS.9z
Of lie FreewiIl Church. VII spe-
and rs church choir viii sIng Z
er Il. f Sheriff IS pastor Of rhe
AOH Church. Mrs. E " Bird L
sponsor
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23

The Eashy CHS guard. coz
sidered a top defensive playez
in the state was the oElly man
under six feet tail to De named
TO the team. Bush stands IS
Also named 70 the AI-State
squad was IS Bill 8IckeoSEn O
Clinton, VINO led tE1e Nar0ols =
a 2S3 season with 4 e6-sa7 II
scoring average
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
Val BushIs
Selected On
.All-State 5

acknowledgements Val
Bush. captain Of the l960-ol
Maroons. was selected on the
18th annual All-State basketball
team named Saturday by the
Chicago Daily News.
The Illinois times. (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-19??, 1961-03-23
Lounderrtte Gees
Tn For Good nu1e

WAEIASEY. England sIPla
4 sz-q5r-s--e 5@re E-Eer12Se0
1zzEa1EN-
Leave n yoZ- c&SzneS mere
al no czzr &na easQy yzarse1-