davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-08
CULLEN. ROBERT EDWARp LEE. q

VCLIIN: MObEhI EDWHkD LEE. On
Hespital, ROBERT EDWARD LEE
st. Arlington. Va, beloved husband
Of Madalee x. Cullen. father Of John
George Cullen, son of Mrs. Lillian
"a. Cullen. brother Of Mrs. sylvia x
Birch, and uncle OF KeyWorth c.
sirch. Friends may call At the Ives
ASlington, Va, after 12 noon Mon
day, May 3. where funeral services
will be held Wednesday, May 10, at
pm. 1nterment National Memorial
Park.
Evening star., 1961-05-08

May 8. 1861. PHILIP H. H. doRpoS Gaoci
Of us Cox ave, Hampshire Knobs
beloved husband Of Ida Stearma n
Gordon. Also survived by three sis
terS. Mrs. Annie Danneman, Mrs
Book. all OF Atlanta, Ga. Service,
at the C. D. Goldberg a. Son Fu-
neral Home, 42l7 9th st. NV, on
Tuesday, May 9. at 1:30 pm. Inter.
ment B'nai Israel Cemetery In
mourning at 715 Cox ave, HyattS-
flowers, contributions be made tc
the Hebrew Home for the Aged
ATLANTA, Ca. papers please copy.l 8
Evening star., 1961-05-08

KRAUs. ANNA o. On Saturday, May
8. 1861, ANNA o. KRAUS, beloved
wife of the late 0eorge Kraus,
mother Of Mrs. Katherine Levering
and sister OF Mrs. Margaret Raynor
and John Mockabee. She also is
survived by five Grandchildren and
three ,rGS, grsat;grandehildp5sn; .n Funeral
Home. 317 Pennsylvania ave Sc,
on Wednesday, May 10. at $3.50 am.
REQUIEM mass at st. Francis Xavier
Church at 10 am. Relatives and
friends invited. Interment Mount
OliVet Cemetery,
Evening star., 1961-05-08

kkAMEk, AUGUsT Died On Ihurs-
churchmRn. He was born in Mem
phis. Tenn Mr.. Kramer is sur
vived by his wife. Margaret Vir-
EInie OF the home address, 527
South Goth rd., Arlington. Va;
den. N. j.. and his Stepmother. Mrs
Nellie Kramer OF 3514 Noble st..
Baltimore, Nd. Services at the
Arlington Funeral Home, 1901 North
Fairfax drive. Arlington, Va. on
Monday, May s, at 1880 pm, with
interment at National Memorial
Park, Falls Church. Va. Ss
Evening star., 1961-05-08

wRIGHT. ANNIE D. Suddenly. or
THURSDAY. May 4. 1861, at hel
ANNIE B. wRIaFT' Beloved ~ grand. md
mother Of Mrs, Alree Blackwell. Mrs.
Doris Smith. Mrs. Helen Way. Joyce
Alger. Stanley. Kenneth and Donald
Wright. She also is survived bS
eleven Ereat-grandchildren otheI
relatives and friends. The late Mrs
Wright will rest at the SteWart
Funeral Home, 80 H st. ne, aftel
z pm; Monday: May Z tCaskel
Tuesday. May o, at the Bethlehen
Baptist, Church, Nichols ave. anc
Howard I'd. Sc, at 1 pm. Inter.
ment, Lincoln Memorial Cemetery
FAMILY may be contacted at 1906
kendall st. NE, LA. 6-s133. s
Evening star., 1961-05-08
ALLEN. HOMER M. Officers and mem

BEALL, WILLIAM MARBURY. OFFICERS
and members Of the Society of the
Cincinnati Of Maryland announce
with deep regret the death on May
9. 1851. Of WILLIAM MARBURY
of the society, at his residence,
1870 31st St. Washington, D. c.
Services will be held at the chapel
In Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, at
3 pm. Tuesday, May g.
, 1961-08-22
write, spell, OF do arithmetic.

E#4AA SZMN@=
write, spell, or do arithmetic.
These charges may be grouped
into three main categories be-
cause an analysis will indicate
that all of the foregoing, in eff
feet say:
l. that the school is inefficient
in its method of teaching the
fundamentals
2. that the schools, especially
the high schools, are doing a
poor job Of preparing stud
ents for later education.
3. that the schools are wasting
too much time on "frills" and
social subjects.
Now let us examine the evil
dence. In dealing with the first
basic criticism--that the schools
are inefficient in teaching the
Observation-Disclosures people are of
the opinion that because more
time is spent on new subjects
the Biology, Social Studies, Eco
nomics, and others which I men
toned extraordinarily less time
is given to the three RS. Nothing
is further from the truth. Henry
J. Otto writing in Elementary
Education : III. Organization and
Administration" Encyclopedia of
Educational Research (Revised
Edition), p. 379, stated that a
sma1led proportion Of the school
time now being allotted to the
3 RS does not mean that fewer
hours are devoted to these stu
dies. He pointed out that over
the past twenty-five years the
average length of the school year
has increased by approximately
one-third, from 1872 days to IT'S
days. This means, of course, that
considerable time may be deyot-
ed to the new subjects without
curtailing the time spent Tor the
basics. Further, modern educa-
ton, when efficiently taught, inte
CRATES the fundamentals with the
newer subjects.
There is a further corrobora-
tive evidence, but / believe that
/ have made the point clear. Now,
it could be said that spending
more hours on a subject does not
mean that enough attention is
paid to it. It has been found that
it is possible to waste time by
too much attention at various le-
vels, until the point of diminish
ing returns is reached. For in
stance, Ernest Horn writing on
Spelling" in Encyclopedia of
Educational Research. (Revised
Edition., p. 1856, pointed out
that schools with large aIlotments
of time for spelling secure little
or no better results than schools
with smaller allotments, and cali
for spirited, efficient use Of SUI
, 1961-08-22
ADDRESS
delivered by
ARTHUR A.

Yes, we have-come a long way
in twenty-five years. Twenty-Five
short years of progress and i'm
provement,- and a raised standard
Of living. OF the 1861 graduating
class of the Christiansted High
School, ten were vocational, eight
were commercial and twenty-one
were academic; out of which total
tWenty-one are scheduled for col
lege. / say three cheers for the
teachers and the system. Three
cheers for a Job well done, al
though our per capita expendi1
lures for 1860 was only $4,000,
which included capital OUTLAWS, &
which placed us .fortY-first
among the fifty states and the
territories--too close to bottom.
Now--What are some of the cri-
ticims? They are not singular to
st. Croix nor the Virgin Islands;
rather, / consider them a by-pro-
duct of American education from
Alaska to Florida & from Maine
to Hawaii. Having had the privi-
lege of visiting many mainland
systems and attending various ma
tional conferences, these criti-
cisms, although novel tomany ci-
items of the Virgin Islands are
not really new. AS a matter of
fact / state quite emphatically
that, by comparison, our system
has not suffered many of the ills
and weaknesses common to state
side systems of similar size; and,
further, that despite our short
comings our children rank highly
and perform well in all sorts and
classitications of stateside col
reyes and universities.
Whatever the form or langu-
age used to describe these short
comings; they--the lcriticims--
may be generally categorized as
follows:
/. That we are neglecting the
fundamentals
2. that we have abandoned the
old, reliable method of drill
and recitation
8. that the students no longer
have to work or study hard
4. that we have abandoned dis
cipline
S. that there are too many
.'frills"
6. that we waste time on I'M
important subjects; especial
" social studies; history, gov
ernment, etc.
Z. that the schools in dealing
with controversial issues are
leading students toward So
cialism
8. that we are not properly pre-
pairing young people for col
, 1961-08-22

EDITORIAL
VIRGIN ISLANDER ON THE OAR
THE APPOINTMENT by President Kennedy Of Ashley
I. Totten to serve on the Board Of Directors Of the Virgin IS
lands Corporation is a good appointment. No Virgin Islander,
or anybody else for that matter, at home or on the mainland
could possibly raise any objections.
Mr.. TOTEM IS N of the outstanding Virgin Island
ers resident on the mainland. He has. been for a number of
years president of the American Virgin Islands Civic Associa.
ton, holds membership in a number of other organizations.
and is. international ecretary-treasurer of the Brotherhood Of
Sleeping Car Porters. Aas6f4
u MI. TOTTEN is more than a holder Of positions.
He has evidenced a keen and abiding concern for these is
lands through the years He has appeared before Congressional
committees in behalf Of his island home, and in recent years
has returned frequently to visit and keep in personal touch
with the local scene.
THERE WERE TIMES when Mi. Totten, deeply involv-
ed in local condition has become over enthusiastic, and has
written and said things which have gone against the grain
He is, to say the least a controversial figure. But that does
not, in and Of itself, say that he has not made a contribution
or has the interest Of his fellow natives at heart.
Mr.. TOTEM KNOWS the local situation well. He has
kept in touch, and while this paper, for one, has felt the brunt
of his sharp attack, much Of which might have been unwar-
ranted, that should NOT de1er nom giving support ana eH
pressing satisfaction at an appointment which is a good one
Certainly MI. Totten will do all he can in the best interest Of
these Islands. His membership, therefore, on the Board Of
Directors leaves a sense Of satisfaction and assurance that one
more native member is exactly what was needed.
WE THANK PRESIDENT Kennedy for the appoint
ment. 1t is one more expression of the Presidents awareness
and concern5for these Islands.
COMING AT A TIM when there is a cry for the disso.
luton Of the Virgin Islands Corporation, the new appointee
will find added problems on his hands as a member Of the
Board. But there IS every reason to believe that MI. Totten
will meet the challenge.
Evening star., 1961-03-26

new foreign policy is 47-year-old
Foreign Minister Manzur Qadir.
Mr.. Qadir did not take much
active part in political contro=
versies until his present appoint
ment.
Pakistan's present government
Is coalition Of military and civil
ian personnel. They face problems
Of the greatest difficulty in their
success in establishing political
and economic stability. They are
taking aggressive steps to right
their economic problems, and one
good thing is that it is a strong,
solidly based government. s,"s
Pakistan is dependent upon con-
tinued economic aid from outside,
OF $1,166 million received till last
year, the United States contribu:
ton was $1,l19 million. American
aid is being given in three fields
projects, technical know how and
commodities.
The general atmosphere pre-
vailing in government circles" ac-
cording to Pakistan papers, is that
friendship for both sides means
greater independence - political
and economic-and quicker bUilds
ing of the national economy"
Examples of India, the United
Arab Republic and Afghanistan
are now openly quoted to prove
that non-alignment serves nation
al interests. Under the present
military regime. such comments
can only be made at the governs
ment'S inspiration. 4--
Evening star., 1961-03-26
Latin American Grievances Against U. S.
Hold Despite 'AIIonce Of Progress Idea

many cases, q United States COM
pany's operations will represent
the backbone Of a South Ameri-
can nations economy, such as
Chile'S copper.
At the same time, capitalists
Of the nations themselves, with
huge amounts Of capital available
for industrial development, fire.
quently refuse to invest without
assurance of enormous and quick
returns. They do not encourage
their own countries growth, but
sink their money in many cases
into land, buildings or invest it
abroad.
There have been rising COM
plants that not enough nationals
hold executive positions in United
States firms in Latin America. A
trend now is detectable in the di-
rection Of training more Latin
Americans for executive work. and
indeed, for q large degree Of as
similation Of. United States firms
into the local economies.
To the objective observer,
United States business seems more
sinned against than SHINING in
Latin America, but Latin Ameri-
cans seem fascinated by. labels.
They appear to view capitalism
as the root Of all evil, regarding
1t as 1t was defined by philoso-
pliers Of the last century, not as
what 1t has become in the United
States. Communists and Castro
extremists have an easy time, dis
torting the image Of the United
States. and little has been done
toward correcting that image.
Agitation can turn illiterate
peasants, urban workers, impa-
tient students and intellectuals
riotously anti-Yankee because Of
q painful awarenesS Of ancient
evils which they do not tend to
blame upon their own people.
The Big Lie Technique
The Communist Castroist tool is
the big lie: That the Yankees are
robbing Latin America. Listeners
look about them, see poverty and
Transformation on one hand and
blinking electric signs, advertising
Evening star., 1961-03-26

offers unique economic advan-
tages for industrial investment.
The South African gold mining
industry has recently been boil
stored by the production Of ura-
MUM from the mine tailings and
by the discovery Of immense new
blankets" Of gold ore in Western
TranSvaal and further west,
across the Orange River. at Oden-
daalsrust. Is establishing new pro-
duction records each year, and is
fast approaching q 81 billion q
year level.
Also. the South African weld is
proving to be veritable store
house Of strategic minerals as well
as Of precious ones. The main
among those are platinum, in the
production Of which South Africa
now leads the world, the. other
platinum-group metals, germa-
mum, lithium. berylliIiIm. asbestos,
thorium. the rare earth metals,
chromium and about all the min
erals necessary for chemical, ce-
ramic and abrasive industries.
Furthermore. coal, Of which South
Africa has so to 10 billion tons in
known extractable reserves, sells
at the pithead for prices that must
be the lowest in the world-less
than one-third Of the correspond
ing American prices and less than
one-sixth Of the British prices,
while iron ores are delivered at
the country's main steel plant
the government-owned "Iscor"--
for less than one-quarter Of the
price Of the Mesabi ores in the
Great Lakes ports.
Those physical advantages Of
South Africa, as well as the
scrupulous honesty Of the South
African authorities towards for
eign-owned businesses are. caus-
ing the British investors, who
have badly burned their fingers In
such places as Egypt. Cuba, the
Congo, ETC.. to take q balanced
view Of the South African perspec-
tives-and to go on investing their
money in q country which has
never robbed them.
Evening star., 1961-03-26

American goods on the other, and.
they believe. 2:
Professional youths" and sua'
perannuated students" from the.
ranks of the Communist Party
and other extremists have worked.
necessarily to capture imagina-
tions of students in secondary
schools and universities. They talk
of land reform, tax reform. ending
the feudal landlord system, educa-!
ton, technology and finally prossj
perity for all. It's an attractive
dream. =,
The United States speaks Of
things like freedom and democracy.
But the ultra conservative rich
also extol democracy while devot-
ing themselves in many cases To
unremitting defense Of much that
is undemocratic and Of the
ancient abuses. e..n
Freedom =. Democracy"
And the anti-Yankee fanatics
paint a picture Of the United
States as the ally Of the hide
bound defenders of past evils,
While the centuries-old abuses
and ailments remain, the words
freedom and democracy seem to
mean little to the Latin American
rebel. Support Of the United States
from the ultra conservative rich
becomes an expensive liability. !.
THE United States wants ado
yice?" Asked one moderate pole
tician. "Tell the United States not
to try to set up a chain Of systems
in the United States image, be.
cause 1t just isn't adaptable in
countries so far behind In social
development. ,s4
what the United States should
do first is learn about Latin
America. You read about us only
when we have earthquakes and
revolution. But the United States
people are woefully ignorant OF
Latin America, just as we are
woefully ignorant Of the United
States. -:
President Kennedys new
frontiers and alliance for prog.
ress' ideas are fine and high
sounding. But for our rebels they
don't sound violent enough to be-
attractive. .a,g.-
Evening star., 1961-03-26

pacts primarily to be able to talk
to India from q position of
strength" the United States al
ways regarded it as q baStion
against possible Communist ag-
gression. For this reason, the
United States has been giving it
military aid at the rate Of between
$50 and $85 million a year. Equip
ment for the army as well as B-57
jet bombers and F-86 Sabre jet
fighters for the, air force have
been pouring into Pakistan, which
is now studded with military bases
built with American help. There
is also mutual defense agreement
between the two countries.
ANY crack in the United States
PakiStan friendship would affect
the American defense arrange
ments against the Communist bloc.
Until recently. Pakistan leaders
were very. critical of the Commu-
mist countries. President Ayub
warned the West last year that
"a Russian-Chines push to the
Indian Ocean is a major aim in
the Communist drive for world
domination"
Soviet Economic Aid
Then the Communist bloc's
stock in Pakistan was at its lowest
ebb. Russian offers Of vast eco
nomic aid," increased trade and
technical knowhow were brusquely
turned down. Pakistan wanted to
be true to its allies.
Now all this seems to be chang
Evening star., 1961-03-26
Chinese Pressure
In Laos Moneuyers

forts to oust Dag Hammarskjold
as q. N. secretary general. It
limited that q single replacement,
rather than q triumvirate, might
be acceptable II Mr.. Hammar-
skiold were to step down.
. Efforts to minimize cold-war
wrangling at the current u. N.
General Assembly have, symp-
tomatically, all but broken down.
Virtually the only bright spot
on the world scene was Algeria.
on which peace talks are about
to begin without, as Of this writing
any apparent Soviet sabotage
effort.
In the past, when the thread
Of East-West tolerance has been
stretched virtually to the break
ing point, Soviet Premier Khru-
shchev has stepped in and, at the
last moment, released some Of the
tension.
He did so in 1863 on Berlin.
Again last summer, when the
summit blow-up raised temper
atures to the danger point, he
went to East Berlin and post
poned q showdown.
Last October in the u. N. Gem
eral Assembly, after his shoe
pounding performance, Mr.. Khru-
shchev closeted himself with Brit
aims Harold Macmilla n and
agreed, in effect, to an informal
stand-still arrangement until after
the post Eisenhower administra-
ton came to power.
Margin Of Tolerance
Now, however. the margin Of
tolerance is again narrowing dam
gerously.
The Kennedy Administration
had hoped to do diplomatic busi-
ness with Moscow. 1t made ma
jor contribution to the tacit truce.
Indeed. Washington originally may
have been too soft on Laos, tempt
ing the Kremlin to exploit an APP
pearance Of weakness.
Mr.. Khrushchev also, at one
point, seemed interested in doing
business. Now, however, there is
high-level speculation that Chi
nese pressure may be too severe
Z to permit him to seek an East
West rapprochement at this stage.
Mr.. Khrushchey must ace down
the Chinese in October at o .climac-
tic party congress. and may feel
that he needs q victory or two in
his belt.
If this analysis is wrong--if Mr..
Khrushchev does want q period
Of serious negotiation with Mr..
Kennedy and is free to undertake
1.-THE time is overripe, u. NJ. peo-
pie say. for him to show it by his
behavior.
Evening star., 1961-03-26
.EngIond's Economic Interests
In South Afncu at Stake, Too.

stake In South Africa suffered the
least. In 1857 its nominal value
was computed at $2.5 billion and
its market value fluctuated around
81 billions very important part
Of the shrunken British portfolio
Of financial overseas holdings.
1t included South African pro-
vincial, municipal and railway
bonds-ever a favorite placement
for many small British investors
-as well as "Kaffirs," or mining
shares, which are preferred by the
millionaire investors. It also in
cluded banking and insurance
businesses. In which British inter-
ests are still paramount in South
Africa.
At present the British investors
position in regards to South At
rica is of a mixed nature. The
panic selling Of the South African
stocks and bonds which followed
last years. tragic incidents at
Sharpevflle, where the South Afri-
can police shot at the Bantu
tribesmen who had surrounded a
police station. caused the South
African equities to plummet.
The London Stock Exchange,
which still leads the Johannes
burg Stock Exchange as the most
important market for South Afri-
can stocks and bonds, was q great
loser in that fray. However, the
loss was strictly in nominal value
Of the papers, for British investors
were. and still are, vying with
their South African counterparts
in absorbing" the South African
shares unloaded by the more pes
simistic investors in Continental
Europe and the United States.
Thus the British financial stake
in South Africa actually is in
creasing as a result of the cur
rent stock-exchange activities. -.
Business Investments
It is also increasing In the mat
ter Of direct investment by British
businesses in South Africa. For,
in spite Of her clouded political
outlook. the Union Of South Africa
Evening star., 1961-03-26
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. y
East-West storm signals were
flying from every diplomatic
masthead from Vientiane to STAN
leyville last week.
The "tacit truce" which Moscow
and Washington have observed
since shortly before the United
States presidential election last
fall has not yet collapsed. But its
collapse clearly is imminent--and,
unless something drastic is done.
inevitable.
Here are some Of the principal
storm warnings:
Q Apparently rejecting q nego-
tiated compromise in Laos, the
Soviet Union has continued pour
ing in military materiel and in
flammatofy diplomacy forcing q
vigorous United States reply.
Q Soviet Foreign Minister Gro
myko reached deep for one Of his
biggest monkey wrenches and
hurled 1t into the United Nations
Congo machinery. He did so just
at the moment when some diplo-
mats believed a reconciliation be-
tween rival Congolese leaders might
be on the horizon.
Mr.. Gromyko attempted to sab
otage the preliminary Congolese
political agreement reached at
Tananarive, Madagascar. and the
incipient negotiation between
President Kasavubu and Stanley
vile Premier" Antoine Gizenga
which had arisen out Of it. In
addition, Mr.. Gromyko tried to
equate American policy in the
Congo with that Of Belgiurn--a
real blow below the belt.
Steyensonts WoFnins
The Kremlin seems to have been
wholly unimpressed by Adlai E.
Stevenson's warning that fiistory's
major wars have been touched off
by competition to pick up the
pieces Of disintegrating empires.
Moscow insists on such competi.
tion in Africa.
This is dangerous business.
Reconciliation and consequent sta
bility are still possible in the
Congo, but just barely possible.
And Russia is doing all it can to
prevent them.
. Semyon X. Tsarapkin, the
Kremlin's test-ban negotiator at
Geneva, showed monumental dis
interest and, indeed, created new
difficulties when the United
States and Britain. trying to get
the stalled test-ban talks off dead
center, offered a series Of impor-
tant concessions.
. The Soviet Union renewed, in
suhtler and cleverer form, its ef-