davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Khrushchev's Crystal Ball

Mr.. Khrushchev, in his
speech to the congress of the
Soviet Union, has listed the
things which the Soviet Un-
ion will accomplish by 1880,
when the Communist Utopia
will be brought into full
bloom, and when the So
called capitalist system will
have disappeared from the
face of the earth to be sue
ceeded by the Communist
paradise.
Mr.. Khrushchev's talents
as a prophet may be, based
on past experience, open to
question. Those covering a
much shorter period have
been tested and found want
ing. In 1858 he promised that
by 1960-1961 the Soviet Un-
ion was going to pass the
United States in the produc-
tion Of meat. But pork chops
in Russia are as scarce now
as they were in 1854.
But assuming, without at
all granting, that his predic-
tions as to what will happen
20 years from now are better
than those he made three
years ago as to what will
happen by now, the thing to
bear in mind is that these
things will have come IS
years, roughly, since the Rus
sian Communists first eStab-
liShed their paradise on earth.
Sixty-five years, even under
normal circumstances, con-
stitutes a long period. The
industrial revolution which
uShered in our present system
took less time. The hardships
through which the peoples
had to pass, while great, were
not nearly as great as those
through which the Russian
people have had to pass. Nor
was it necessary for the prog
resS made during the indus
trial revolution to suppress
every form of liberty, as has
happened in Russia.
But the Soviet Union should
have been able to accomplish
in IS years what in the
past, when the industrial
revolution began, would have
required about 200 years. The
Soviet Union did not have to
start from scratch. It had the
benefit of all t h e machinery
and technology that it took
other nations hundreds of
years to perfect. Other ma
tions, having the free enter
prise system, such as Japan,
have gone much further to-
wards providing their peoples
with a higher standard of liv-
ing in much less time.
Even Russia could have
done better in providing a
higher standard of living for
her people if the large amount
she now spends on arma-
ments with which she hopes
to terrorize the world and to
further the Communist con-
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Nobel in Memoriom

1t is fitting thing that the Nor
wegian Parliament has voted to award
the Nobel Peace Prize to Sweden's Dag
Hammarskjold, the brilliant and gallant
late Secretary General of the United
Nations. Needless to say, the decision
does not please the Kremlin, but it will
be hailed throughout the world on the
free side of the Iron Curtain. For
nothing could be more becoming to the
nlan-an honor accorded for the first
time posthumouSly, and with good rea-
son. After all, he gave up his life, under
Still-clouded circumstances, in striving
to put an end to bloodshed in the Congo,
just as he Strove throughout his dis
tinguiShed career in the U. N. to put
bride on violence everywhere.
Like Albert Luthui, the South
African Zulu Christian leader who has
been belatedly awarded the 1860 Nobel
Peace Prize, Mr.. Hammarskjold holds
high place in the history of our time as
moderate to be credited with doing
good wherever it has been possible to
do good-an area of highly limited
opportunities in both international and
national affairs. Nikita Khrushchev
and the Kremlin have another train of
thought, Of course, but there can be no
doubt that world as whole-as repre-
sented by the great majority of the
United Nations-has suffered grievous
loss in Mr.. Hammarskjold's death. Nor
can there be any doubt that the Nobel
authorities have done nOblv in honorinp
him as they have in memoriam.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Shot at Frontier

May / congratulate our ad-
ministration on elevating our
prestige, the subject Of such
intense lamentation during
the election campaign? We
must have overwhelmed the
people of Laos, Cuba, Nigeria
and South Africa with our
shrewdness. A special vote
Of thanks is due us from the
bricklayerS Of East Berlin,
the pro-Communist govern
ment Of the Congo. the air
force and pilots association
of YugoSlavia (who will be
much better trained to shoot
down our airliners in the
event of another situation
such as 10 years ago., the
o-CommuniSt rebel govern
ment Of Syria, the pro-Com-
munist press of the Republic
Of Nigeria which was able to
drum out of its borders a
member Of the Peace Corps
by the callous and vicious
act Of tampering with her
mail, the barbaric butchers
Of the Angola rebels whose
slaughters of Portuguese fam
lilies is not reported while
the retaliatory actions Of the
Portuguese army are wildly
described and denounced. All
these have been very hand
somely treated by our Gov
ernment, and a poll among
them concerning our prestige
should be very gratifying; it
would probably be just as
well, however, not to ask the
good people OF Vientiane, Ha-
vana, Lagos or Pretoria at
this time.
Pardon me for a few mo-
ments while I calculate the
number of years I will have
to work to pay the taxes to
make good the loss incurred
by this country when it sells
a $343,000 aircraft to Com
munist Yugoslavia for $10,-
600, not to mention the cost
Of training its "neutralist"
pilots.
w. r. Moses
Evening star., 1961-10-24

To those responsible for
writing. editing and publish
ing the recent Sunday sup
plement "The New Washing
ton." it may be interesting
to know that there is one
person who has read every
word of the material pre-
sented. And no one, except
one who like me has read
it aloud, would ever suspect
that there was so much.
For two weeks I have been
reading it aloud to my hus-
band as we drive to worF in
the morning, and we found
it all most interesting and
Informative. We have lived
here for more than 20 years,
and therefore have a good
background for appreciating
the change which is forecast.
We also found much interest
in the bits of history which
were interspersed here and
there with the statistical and
architectural facts presented.
We marveled at the number
of different phases presented.
We shall look forward with
you to the development and
naturalization of the designs
and plans, and have enjoyed
this view of the future as
presented by you and your
staff.
Inez M. Brooks.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Arlington Politics

1t is surprising to find that
Senator Fenwick has recently
denied that the present Dem
ocratic candidate for the
County Board is Of the ABC
variety. Perhaps the Sen
ator should have taken the
trouble to question his can
didate, for his candidate has
stated both at public meet
ings and recently over radio
and television that he has
not only voted for ABC
County Board members, who
he now says he opposes, but
defends them. Perhaps the
next thing that Senator Fen
wick will be trying to deny
is that last years Democratic
candidate for Congress (KauD
was not an ABCer running as
a Democrat, or maybe Sem
ator Fenwick doesn't feel that
people remember that he Just
recently appointed an ABCer
to a political post. How many
times, Senator, do you think
you have to marry into the
family before you become a
relative?
Perhaps what the Senator
is really trying to do is deny
what everyone else in Arl-
ington recognizes, that the
Kaul Faction of ABC has
taken over the local Demo-
cratic party. Thinking Dem
ocrats are going elsewhere
this fall with their votes for
they justifiably realize that
their party has turned its
back on them.
IameS I Matthews
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Makes Two Points

We are grateful for your
october 10 article entitled
Women Plan Peace March,"
but regret that it omits ref
erence to the first two points
Of our platform which are
that we must Cd agree to a
ban on all atomic weapons
testing, (2) begin to negoti-
ate to put all atomic weapons
under control of an inter-
national agency.
In the light of the above,
you will see that the state
ment attributed to me that
"the peace strikers were not
going to protest the Soviet
nuclear tests" is misleading.
The point is that we oppose
all nuclear testing whether
above ground or below.
Since the announcement
by the USSR that they in
tend to test the 50-megaton
bomb. we are planning to
present a petition to Mrs.
Khrushchev through the So
Wet Embassy in advance of
"The Women's Strike for
Peace" scheduled for Novem-
Der /. The petition will ap-
peal to Mr.. Khrushchev to
refrain from exploding this
device, pointing out that he
himself has many times pro-
claimed the dangers of such
testing.
tHy.H
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Mt. Pleasant View

I take exception to Betty
Miles October Is article
titled, "Barney's Serves Fam
lilies"
There was no "door-to-
door survey" made in the
Mount Pleasant area a year
ago as to the need Of estab-
fishing Barney Neighborhood
House in the Mount Pleasant
area.
Fighting and quarreling"
are not routine in the
Streets" nor would you ex-
pect such, considering the
excellent performance Of the
tenth precinct police. Nor is
it true that "in many ways,
Barney's new neighborhood
resembles the melting pot
streets where settlement
houses were born.
What could be more alb
surd than to compare the
wide, shady streets Of Mount
Pleasant, lined with solidly
built row houses, most Of
them in excellent condition.
with teeming tenement
streets?
In Mount Pleasant an Or
ganization already exists
which endeavors to solve the
problems of community liv-
ing. 1t is the 51-year-old
Mount Pleasant Citizens As
sociation, composed Of prop
erty owners and others who
see the desirability of main
tanning a comfortable and
convenient in-town area.
Our association organized
five years ago a committee
of community planning to
take care of the neighbor-
hood housekeeping problems
such as excessive accumu-
lation Of trash in streets and
alleys, and enforcement Of
the housing code. This COM
mittee has received the full
cooperation of both the
Sanitation Department and
the Department Of Licenses
and Inspection.
The association and COM
mittee operate with no finan-
cial aid or charity Of any
kind. All the work is on a
purely volunteer basis. Her
bert Leeman, the president,
is a well-known Washington
attorney. who gives, many
hours of his time to make
Mount Pleasant a pleasant
place for everyone in the
community.
Mrs. William L. Clark.
Editors Note: The story,
one of a series on agencies
supported by the United
Givers Fund, pointed out
that there had been objec-
ton to the neighborhood
house locating in Mount
Pleasant. The article pre-
sented Barney's views of the
situation and need in the
area.)
Evening star., 1961-10-24
KremIin Promises

Premier KhruShchev's
threat or promise to explode
a super bomb raises a ques-
ton. What purpose was
served by assigning a Soviet
delegate to participate in
the recent World Conference
Against Nuclear Bombs?
At that gathering, held in
Tokyo, both the Russian and
the Chinese Communist del
egates agreed to a resolution
stating: THE first govern
ment to resume tests should
be denounced as the enemy
Of peace and mankind" Yet,
less than three weeks later,
the first bomb In what has
multiplied to two dozen or
more was exploded under
Kremlin auspices. One would
have supposed that protests
as we'll as fallout would have
followed this Haunting of
the Soviet Unions conference
pledge.
Few Of the noncommitted
nations, though, have voiced
their disillusionment or
revulsion. Instead many have
turned to unrelated subjects
even though the air over
their territories, too, is being
polluted. A more ostrich-like
attitude would be hard to
imagine.
Isn't 1t time the world
holds the Soviet Union to
the promise it made at To-
kyo2 Fallout. like death, is
no respecter Of persons. and
air currents cannot be con-
fined within arbitrary or
manmade boundaries. Each Of
us has a duty not to con-
taminate the air his neigh
Dor breathes.
Thomas G. M0rgansen.
jackson Heights, N. Y.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Coins Two Sides

Not long ago our news edi-
tors and commentators were
telling us. the citizens of the
United States of America,
that our Government was
training men from Yugosla-
via to fly military planes that
we had sold to their govern
ment. Both the past and the
present administrations have
been criticized for having
agreed to this transaction.
1t seems that neither admin
istration will accept the re-
Sponsibility for what would
seem to be a questionable
transaction particularly since
Mr.. Tito has recently spoken
in a manner which we feel
lends support to Russia, and
more specifically commun-
ism as it is known to the
world today.
Then I heard q news
broadcast in which the COM
mentator said we, the United
States of America, had re-
ceived a request from Yugo-
Slavia that we sell to them a
large amount of wheat. This
request is repeatedly being
tabled" due to Mr.. Tito'S re-
cent comments. we are all
well aware of the great sur
plus of grain. These crops
are stored, and many will
rot and be of no use what
soever. 1t would seem logical
for us to refuse to sell more
military supplies to a coun-
try such as YugoSlavia, at
this time, but food is a quite
different matter, particularly
when we have more than we
can use or give away. For
an act such as this there is
only one administration on
which to lay the blame.
I wonder what has hap
pened to our country and its
leaders. We claim to be a
Christian country, but just
how Christian" is the act
of refusing food to the peo-
pie of any country. The Bible
says something to the effect
that if a man asks for bread
we should not give him a
stone. We aren't guilty of
even that because we gave
nothing, not even the stone.
This administration had
such great plans for diStribu-
tion of surplus foods, and
granted they have done some,
but what about this request
which they "table?" This is
the kind of propaganda we
do not need.
Martha o. Richards.
Evening star., 1961-10-24

spiracy all over the world
were devoted to supplying the
people with the consumer
goods they have often prom
ised them. But the so-called
capitalist nations are also
being compelled to divert a
large part of their national
income to meet these threats,
an income that could be used
but for the Com munist
threat. to raise living stand
ards everywhere.
Mr.. Khrushchev's state
ment that capitalism has
passed its prime and his pre-
diction that it will wither
away as the Communist sys-
tenn grows will bring sadness
to many millions of people
who are now captiveS of the
Communist imperialistic Sys-
tenn. They can be kept in the
Communist paradise only by
walls which are being built
around them, or by Russian
bombs and tanks. If the
Communist world is so supe-
rior to the capitalist world,
these captiveS, who are re-
sorting to desperate measures
to escape into the capitalist
inferno, don't seem to know
it. Some of them, escaping
from East Berlin to West
Berlin, have shown that they
would rather be dead than
Red" and have died in the
attempt to obtain liberty.
Fortunately, this predic-
ton of communism being
inevitable, like Mr.. Khru-
shchev's other predictions
which time has proven false,
should not discourage those
who still yearn for freedom
from Communist slavery. The
upriSings which occur period
lcally in Communist -dominat-
ed countries prove that the
yearning for liberty cannot
be stifled as readily as the
Communists had thought.
These captive peoples may
yet prove the Communists
undoing in the countries
where communism has dem
onStrated its bankruptcy.
Marx Lewis,
Chairman, Council Against
Communist Aggression.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
W-Advised Ride

William c. Rogers, chairman Of the
Maryland Commission on Interracial
Problems and Relations, has offered a
sound bit of advice to the Congress for
Racial Equality in connection with the
freedom ride" which has been called for
November II to protest racial discrimi-
nation in the restaurants along Route
40.
Mr. Rogers said that the only practi-
cal solution of the Route 40 problem is
enactment Of State legislation, and that
the threatened demonstration is likely
to. hinder rather than to help bring the
result about. AS he put it, this seems a
Singularly inappropriate time to stiffen
resistance and create bitterness among
the reStaurateurs of Route 40.
This is particularly so in view Of
two separate actions by restaurant
owners. The first was the statement by
the Restaurant Association Of Maryland
calling for "a decisive move" by the State
government on racial segregation. The
association, which previously has op-
posed such proposals, emphasized that
"only Statewide legislation" will assure
an end to the indignities which some
foreign diplomats have suffered on that
highway as a result Of segregation prac-
ticeS. The basis for this position, we sup
pose, is that many restaurant owners
are not personally opposed to serving
Negroes, but that great many of them
are fearful they will lose business unless
deSegregation is made the general rule.
= Now, group of Route 40 restaurant
owners has taken precisely the same
position, and has diSbanded a special
committee, set up at the request Of the
State Department, that had attempted
to attack the problem of discrimination
on. the basis of Route 40 alone. In say
ing that the Route 40 situation should
behandled on "a Statewide basis" these
businessmen are not avoiding the issues.
Incur opinion, they are facing the facts
realistically.
CORE, Of course, may go through
with its freedom ride" But If the
leaders of that organization are con-
cerned with more than publicity, II they
are interested in a meaningful solution
Of problem concerning not only
diplomats but all Negroes, they will do
nothing to, side-track the progress
toward legislation to end all racial
segregation in Maryland restaurants.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
THE POLITICAL MILL
JFK Facing a Tough Congress
By GOULD LINCOLN

fatal illness Of Mr.. Demo-
crat himself, Speaker Sam
Rayburn, who has been rid
ing herd over Democrats in
the House of Representatives
for many years and upon
whom President Kennedy
was able to count for strong
support during the first ses-
sion of the 87th Congress.
He is described by Senator
Mansfield as 1.-The last Of the
old Frontiersmen," a leader
who has fought strongly for
Democratic programs, in
Guiding those of President
Kennedy and his New From
tiersmen.
Session to Be Shorter
Senator Mansfield looks
for a shorter session. For
one reason, 1862 is an elec-
ton year when all members
of the House must stand for
election and the terms of
more than a third of the
present membership Of the
Senate end in January, 1868,
and must be filled. There
will be an intense desire on
the part of those seeking re-
election to get home and re-
pair their political fences.
While President Kennedy is
expected to urge strongly
upon Congress the enact
ment of a Federal aid-to-
education law, it now seems
unlikely that such a meas
ure, seriously resisted by
many members of the House,
will get through at the COM
ing session. Before Congress
adjourned it put through
legislation extending for two
years Federal aid for i'm
pacted areas, where huge
overnm Mt installations
have gathered thousands of
Federal employees and their
families. and aid for college
students which was already
underway. This has relieved
the pressure on many men,
bers to vote for Mr.. Ken
nedy's main school aid bill
to help pay for additional
school construction and for
teachers salaries. 1t is un-
likely, too, that there will be
tax legislation, although the
administration has con-
tinued to hold some hope for
tax reductions. The demands
of the liberals on the Sen
ate side for changes in the
rules governing debate will
not be met, nor is it likely an
effort will be made to change
them.
There will be serious ef-
fort, however, to get through
a bill providing Federal aid
for the medical care Of the
aged-tied in with the So
cial Security System. And an
effort to pass some civil
rights legislation in line
with recommendations of
the Civil Rights Commission.
The people in Montana,
realizing the tremendous
tasks President Kennedy
faces in our foreign rela-
tionS, are willing to back
him and to give the Presi-
dent the benefit of every
doubt. Montana voted for
Mr.. Nixon over Mr.. Ken
nedy and elected a Demo-
cratic Senator last year.
Evening star., 1961-10-24

A tough session Of Con-
gress coming up, but by no
means hopeless, is the esti-
mate made by Senator Mike
Mansfield of Montana,
Democratic leader of the
Senate. He has just returned
to the Capital after weeks of
travelling about his home
State and talking with peo-
pie in all sections. The Mon
tana Senator looks at the
legislative situation with a
realistic eye. What the Ken
nedy administration will OBJ
tain from Congress in the
matter of domestic programs
is doubtful, in his opinion.
although he is confident
that the legislators will rally
to support the Presidents
recommendations for mill
tary and civil defense.
The Montana Senator who
took over the Senate leader
ship when Vice President
Lyndon johnson resigned to
assume his new duties, has
proved himself well able to
handle legislative problems.
Indeed, the stumbling blocks
for the Presidents pet meas
ures-such as aid to educa-
ton and permission to bor-
row billions of dollars from
the Treasury to provide
money for aid to other ma
tions, instead of having the
money appropriated each
year. where long time pro-
grams of aid are involved
came in the House, not in
the Senate.
Comparing in advance the
second session of the 87th
Congress to its first one
which ended in September,
Senator Mansfield points to
the fact that the Senate, and
the whole Congress, is in
debted to Vice President
Johnson, who was able, as
Majority Leader, to get
passed a number of bills for
dom eStic Improvements
which were vetoed by the
then Republican President
Eisenhower. All that was ne
ceSSary when the present
Congress opened for work
was to take up some Of these
measures - like the mini
mum wage and aid for So
called distressed areas of
the country, dust them off
and put them through.
Deficit Problem
But the situation will be
vastly different when Con-
gress returns in January.
The going will be more diff
ficult, in Senator Mansfield's
view. This may be par
ticularly true because of the
very considerable deficits
which confront the Congress
and the country at the close
Of fiscal years 1862 and
1868. This will draw the
line more firmly between the
spenders in Congress and
those who believe this coun-
try should tighten its belt
and postpone heavy SPEND
ing for social improve
mentS."
Another factor which may
have its impact, and a Seri-
Gus impact, on the legisla-
ton situation arises from
the critical and perhaps
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

Q. Why is alternating cur
rent so called?-C. R.
A. In non-technical terms.
AC alternating current) may
be described as that kind of
electricity which reverSes it's
direction of flow periodically
technically, its plus or mi
nus Sense). In 60-cycle cur
rent, the alienation occurs
so times in a second, result
ing in 100 changes in direc-
tion per second. Direct cur
rent (DC) flows in only one
direction along the wire.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only Uhen accom-
panied by sell addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-10-24
Complimentary

Dagmar Wilson.
Evening star., 1961-07-08

by %, two walls are deep
gold, the others are pink.
DraperieS and rug are spice
beige, sofa is turquoise. pair
of chairs deep pink. two odd
chairs pink and gold pat
tern, club chair is gold. The
fireplace is white with gold
design and furniture is ma
hogany. I want to reuphol-
Ster pair of chairs and two
odd chairs, paint pink walls.
What color would you sug-
geSt for this?
A. Colds and spice beige
are difficult to work with.