Evening star., 1961-08-13
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
first week of this l2-day con-
ference:
/. To get effective, multilat-
eral machinery established here
for carrying out the Alliance
for Progress.
2. To exclude Cuba COM
pletely from that machinery.
On the first point, q great
battle has developed between
the big" and small" Latin
American countries about how
the American laid pie" is to be
carved up. The struggle has
been cloaked in confusing de-
bate over the makeup Of the
hemisphere development COM
mission, but its outcome may
govern the whole future of the
Alliance for Progress.
The United States delegation
has skillfully contrived to ap-
pear as an impartial umpire be-
tween the two opposing groups.
In reality it has maneuvered
between both to get the strong
est possible 'supranational'
control over channelling for
eign aid southwark.
The big nations-led by ma
tionAlist-minded Argentina and
backed UP by the Brazilians--
have opposed any permanent
commission of inter-American
experts to oversee their devel-
opment plans. They insist on
a mechanism which gives them
a freedom of choice in drawing
UP and carrying out their own
plans.
On the other side, the small
nations led by Venezuela want
the strongest possible perma-
nent panel Of experts both to
approve plans and channel aid
for them. They fear a lax CO.
ordination of national planning
will encourage bilateral aid ne
gotiationS with the United
States. Most of all they fear
the growing weight of the "big
three"-Mexico, Brazil and Ar
gentina-in the political codn-
ellis in Washington will gain
them the lions share of the
money.
The American delegation has
tended to regard this family
squabble as the proverbial
storm in a teacup. They claim
that so long as all Latin ma
tions accept the principle of
some hemisphere co-ordina-
ton the details of organization
are negotiable.
Search for Compromise
This flexible position in turn
has encouraged q frantic search
for a compromise. During the
past few days proposals for
three, five, seven, nine, even
ten wise men" selected in diff
ferent ways with different
powers have chased one an
other around the conference
hall like shifting bets on a
roulette table.
But in American eyes the
only practical compromise re-
mains that which the big ma
tions will accept. And they will
accept only a minimum of in
ternational supervision.
On their arrival here last
week, MIR. Dillon and company
went into a three-day l1uddle
with Argentine, Brazil, Mexico,
Chile and Peru to discover how
high that minimum is. The re-
suit was the draft resolution
this Latin quintet presented to
the conference as the working
basis for the final Declaration
Of Punta del Este"
Their proposals called the
temporary commissions of ex-
pertS drawn from a permanent
hemisphere panel who would
consult on planning With each
government separately. They
would only be called in when
each government requested.
They would not have charge of
finding international funds for
financial national plans.
The American representa-
tives accepted this watered-
down mechanism of co-ordina-
ton for several reasons. They
argue that Marshall Plan ex-
perience indicates that once
the experts start operating on
the scene and multilateral aid