davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-31
A Slightly Revised Space Plan
Aims at Earlier Moon Project

phases of NASA's Project Apollo
which is NASA's name for man
ned flight exploits after the cur
rent project Mercury.
Contractors Selected
Contractors for most Of the
major elements of the moon pro-
gram have either been selected
or are in the process.
TIL actual space accomplish
ments of 1861 are not properly
credited to Mr.. Kennedy's admin
istration; they are part of the
momentum of the Eisenhower
space program. These accomplish
lnents, of course, were the sub
orbital space flights Of Comdr.
Alan B. Shepard and Virgil 1.
GriSsom. the orbital flight Of an
unnamed space capsule and the
two-orbit trip of Enos the Astro-
CHIMP. All were parts of the
Mercury program begun in late
1858.
A most significant step forward
was the successful firing, in Octo-
ber. of a Saturn super booster.
Only the first stage of this
25,000-pound monster was used,
the upper stages being water
filled dummies just along for the
ride. But even the brief test flight
was encouraging as a step toward
parity with the Russians in space
booster technology.
Until late in the year, NASA's
Project Mercury officials hoped
to orbit man in 1861, and in
early December were shooting for
a pre-ChriStmas launch date. They
were forced to postpone the shot
until early 1862, however, ap-
parently on orders from Wash
lngton.
Project PIowshore
The Project Plowshare atomic
explosion near Carlsbad, N. NJ,
on December 10, had been hang
ing fire for two years. The
United States took the position
during the Geneva atomic dis
armament talks that Plowshare
shots did not belong under the
test moratorium. However, the
Atomic Energy Commission and
its principal agent for Plowshare,
the Lawrence Radiation Labor
atory in Livermore, Calf, were
not allowed to carry out the
Gnome shot during the Geneva
talks and their aftermath.
When the Russians unilaterally
began testing, however, President
Kennedy announced that the
United States would do likewise,
but underground with no fall
out" This was in September. In
October he announced plans for
Gnome. 1t. too, was to be con-
tained underground.
1t was too early to tell whether
Project Plowshare would indeed
pay off in contributions to the
worlds well-being. But here was
no doubt about the space bro
gram; it was already paying off.
The Tiros weather-satellite pro-
gram became a part of the Wealth
er Bureaus regular meteorologi-
cal reporting service, and plans
were going ahead rapidly for de-
velopment of commercial COM
munication via satellite.
These two actual and promised
payoffs, like the Mercury and
Saturn space achievements, were
legacies from the Eisenhower
years. It will probably be 1865
before programs originated under
President Kennedy will come to
fruition. And in his turn, when
President Kennedy quits the
White House in either 1865 or
1869. he will leave a space legacy
to his successor.
Evening star., 1961-12-31
U.S.. in 1861: How the Kennedy Year Went
Personal Popularity
Of President Hiqh
BY l.. EDGAR PRINA
Star Staff Writer

The name which led all the rest in 1861 in the United
States-and probably the worlds John F. Kennedy who
became the 35th President last January co.
How did this second youngest IA in May President
perform? What his successes? His failures? The
to these questions largely tell the 1861 story for the
Nation and provide capsule of the year in review
1t would of course, be impossible to examine every
aspect of Mr. Kennedy leadership the IL months
but this broad look at his record in categores
Evening star., 1961-12-31
The Military BuiIdup

The military buildup was Gre
ated by Soviet demands on Ber-
lin. But many critics began
asking what had happened to the
Kennedy "long-range solution. -
Their criticism became louder
Evening star., 1961-12-31

AS the President took office he
found unemployment rising to a
20-year high of ST. million dn
February which was a whopping
6.8 per cent of the labor force.
He noted that seven months of
recession and seven years of di-
minishing economic growth had
left Americas economy in dis
turbing" state.
The outflow of gold, which was
approaching serious rate and
raising questions abroad of con-
fldence in the dollar, needed quick
attention, he said, but added that
there was no cause for panic"
This loss of gold, down to around
$18 billion, was primarily due to
our foreign aid programs and the
cost of maintaining our troops
and installations abroad. Our
trade balance was favorable.
Mr.. Kennedys first executive
order directed the Secretary of
Agriculture to expand the free
food program for needy persons
in areas of chronic unemploy-
ment. He followed up with other
emergency moves to get the
country moving again" He Or
dered an acceleration of $500 mil
lion of Federal procurement; the
payment of $25 million to farm
ers for crop storage and the hur-
ry-up spending of $724 million
in 1861 highway construction
funds.
Reducing Unemployment
Meanwhile, the bottom of the
recession had been hit and nat
ural economic forces were at work
to spark business and reduce un-
employment. And so, in a special
message on May 25, Mr.. Kennedy
was able to say that "the reces-
sion has been halted, recovery is
underway"
But years end still found
hard core of unemployment of
nearly 4 million persons. Auto
nation was becoming an increas-
ing factor in the situation and
the Government had not yet
worked out a real program to
meet its impact fully. Trade un-
iors were calling for shorter work
weeks as one answer, but the ad-
ministration was cool to the idea.
President Eisenhower last
budget called for spending of
$500 billion and receipts of 1923
billion for a surplus of SIS bill
lion. Some optimistic estimates
were involved therein and the
new administration pointed them
out when it put forth its revised
budget calling for expenditures of
$84.3 billion and receipts of $81.4
Continued on Page C-3
Evening star., 1961-12-31
By WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer

In the field of expanding science
and technology in 1861, President
Kennedy's role was that Of expe-
diter rather than innovator.
On May 25, Mr.. Kennedy pro-
posed to Congress and the people
that an effort be made to land
Americans on the moon before
this decade is out" Five months
later, on October IS, he gave the
green-light to Project Plowshare,
program designed to harness the
atoms explosive force for nom
military purposes.
BY the end of the year the Pres
ident's accelerated moon program
had surprising momentum, and
the first Plowshare event-an un-
derground explosion called Gnome
had already occurred.
To degree. both of the Presi-
dents decisions were in reaction
to cold-war developments. In
April, Soviet Maj. Yuri Gagarin
cracked the space frontier, be-
coming the first human ever to
orbit the earth. And in September
the Russians resumed overt test
ing of nuclear weapons.
The Presidents May announce
ment was taken by many as con-
tanning something brand-neW: The
landing of men on the moon. Ac-
tually, manned lunar landings were
implicit in the program laid out
by the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration-but only as
sequel to a 1960-70 ten-year
plan in the indefinite future after
1870"
Congresses Time ScoIe
Thus, Mr.. Kennedy compressed
the time-Scale by two or three
years. To give meaning to this
decision, he had to loosen the Fed
eral purse strings and give NASA
more money than either the Eli
SenhoWer administration or his
own had been willing to provide.
The Fiscal 1862 appropriation, as
finally passed after the May 25
message. fell just short of SIT
billion, about 10 per cent more
than the fiscal 81 figure.
Next years NASA funding is
expected to be around 81 billion,
and the prospects are for level
ing-off in the mid-sixties at about
S. billion or possibly Sc billion a
year Getting President Kennedy's
men to the moon and back begins
to look like a $50 billion project,
taking the whole space program
as package.
BY the years end NASA was
organized (at least to its own
satisfaction for the moon effort.
Key men were DR.. Robert c. Sea-
mans, associate space administra-
tor and general manager" of the
whole program, and DR.. Brainerd
Holmes, manned space flight di-
rector.
Unlike President Eisenhower,
whose attitude toward both space
travel and the Peace Corps was
summed up by his suggestion that
the government send Space Corps
men to the moon, Mr.. Kennedy
appears to be more interested in
space. The National Aeronautics
and Space Council, which was
neither stated nor funded under
Mr.. Eisenhower, now has both men
and money. DR.. Edward C. Welsh,
onetime adviser to Senator SYM
ington of Missouri, heads the
councils staff. Vice President
johnson is chairman of the coun-
Gil by virtue of an amendment
to the Space Act.
Wide -Spreod Effort
DR.. Welsh has been busy organ
izing small staff of experts to
, 1961-04-22

Bill No. 1245 ; An Act to Amend Title 80, Subtitle 2
Virgin Islands Code was dropped.
RECESS
The House recessed at las o'clock pm, to 3a
o'clock pm.
RECOMMEND AT 400 o'clock P. M.
The House reconvened at 400 o'clock pm.
, 1961-04-22
LEGISLATIVE RECORD

~
LEGISLATIVE ECORD ...
Continued From Yesterday.
u) Change Paragraph s, Schedule ", to read as
follows:
Counsellor. and House parents Of the InSular Train
mo Schools who, because Of the nature Of their duties, are
required to work long, unusual or irregular hours, shallbe
paid d premium wage Of 1870 over and above the regular
rate due under the Pay Plan, IN lieu Of overtime compeh-
sation or time off.
SECTION 8. Subsection 562 (0, Title 8, Virgin Is
lands Code. is hereby amended to read as follows:
"lc). Steps " and Z, as shown herein are exclusive
~ for use in recognizing longevity service as prescrl3edI
herein, and except for this purpose shall not be treated as
Swithin-grade' steps for purposes Of other salary increases.
Every employee who has been at the maximum rate OF pay
for the class of position for three years and who, further,
has been employed in that class continuously Tor ten 7lO
years, shall be eligible to receive the frst longevity step
provided current service report is equivalent to 'Satlsfac-
tory Or better. The second longevity step shall be appli-
cable three. 81 years thereafter provided that all service
reports during the three years were Satisfactory or
better.
SECTION 4. No employee shall suffer any de-
crease as a result Of this Act in the total pay he or she was
receiving at the time this bill is enacted into law.
SECTION S. In allocating salaries from the cur
rently existing pay plan to those established by this Act,
the transition shall be made according to class Title and
numerical designation of the ranges, and shall also be
made at the within-grade step corresponding to that pre-
sently being received by the employee.
SECTION 6. The Governor is hereby authorized to-
make available to the various departments sufficient funds
out Of any available funds in the Treasury OF the Virgin
Islands, as may be necessary to cover additional expenses
resulting from the implementation Of the provisions Of
this Act, and not covered in the regular budgets for the
said departments for the fiscal year ending June 80, 1861,
and the amount Of any such additional funds is hereby
appropriated.
SECTION I. This Act shall become effective on
July 1, 1860.
DR.. ANDUZE YEA
MR.. DE IUGO YEA
Mr.. ............. YEA
Mr.. GUADALUPE .......... YEA
MR.. .............. YEA
MR.. LAWAETZ ... YEA
MR.. MADURO ............. YEA
MRS MILLIN YEA
MIR. MOOREHEAD . e.
#M# NTo Nmm 8Txy NEA
, 1961-04-22
INTRODUCTION 8 AssIeNMENT OF Bills

Bill No. 1888 to Provide for Government Cost-Shar-
ing in Subsoiling Of Cropland and Pasturland, toProvide
an Appropriation Therefor, and for other Purposes. Pro-
posed by Senators Lucinda A. Milin, Ronald de Lugo,
Aubrey A. Anduze, Frits LaWaetz and eTheovald E.
Moorehead.
Bill No. 1890 Act to Amend Act No. AL Bill No. 945)
Third Legislature Regular Session, 1859, and Act No. 563
Bill No. 1916 Third Legislature Regular Session, 1860,
Providing Appropriations for Essential Public Projects
for the Fiscal Year July | 1859 to June 80, 1860 and for
other Purposes.
BILLS WITHDRAWN
Bill No. 1874 Act to Provide for the Development of
Steel Bands Throughout the Virgin Islands, and for other
Purposes, was withdrawn.
ADOPTION or LII
The following bills were adopted in the form and BY
he votes indicated:
BILL No. 1911
THIRD LEGISLATURE OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
OF H UNITED STATES
Regular Session
1860
To Provide Funds for a Sewing Project in St. John,
Virgin Islands During the Fiscal Year July /, 1860
to June 80. 1861.
, 1961-04-22
BILL No. 1911
Regular Session
1860

To Provide Funds for a Sewing Project in st. John
Virgin Islands During the Fiscal Year July |, 1860
to June 80. 1861.
Evening star., 1961-06-08
BIueberry
Pudding

/ box fresh blueberries
! cup water
2 cups sugar
Dash lemon juice
11s tablespoons cornstarch
Baked pastry rounds
Rinse fresh blueberries and
drain. Put water, sugar and
lemon juice in saucepan and
bring to a boil. Add the
blueberries and let come to
a boil again. Moisten corn
starch with a little cold
water and carefully fold into
blueberry mixture. Cook,
stirring constantly, until
thickened. Cool. Pour into
individual dessert dishes and
chill thoroughly. At serving
time, top each dish with
baked cutouts. Makes six
to eight servings.
Evening star., 1961-06-08

Homemakers aren't the
only ones who can put their
own individual stamp on the
same food product.
Ask a dozen home cooks to
make a dozen lemon pies and
you'll have a dozen versions.
At the exhibit of Danish
pastries this past week, %
bakers had % versions /. no
two of which were alike. The
entries ranged all the way
from the straight Danish
type to sticky bun clusters,
flat rolls. rings, loaves and
bite-size cookies.
You can't say the bakers
in our area aren't a pack
of individualists, each with
his own Interpretation Of this
delectable pastry.
The exhibit, sponsored by
the Retail Bakers Associa-
ton of Washington, was the
first of its kind to be held
in Washington.
''It stirred up q lot of in
tereSt and we were very
pleased with the results"
commented Mr.. Charles
Evening star., 1961-06-08
individuality Shown
In Postry Exhibit

While. originator Of the idea.
Judges were members from
three different women's or.
ganizations: The Woman's
Club Of Arlington, Women's
Savings Bond Committee Of
Washington, and the Philop-
tohoS Society Of st. Sophia
Cathedral. Judging sheets
were passed out and each Of
the Al women voting was
asked to check only one
entry. The group having the
highest percentage Of first
choices was named winner Of
the judging contest. Honors
went to the Woman's Club Of
Arlington who received $50
for their benevolent fund.
Winner of the baking con-
test was James P. Dixon
who received a pair Of ster.
ling silver candelabra. Mr..
Dixon owns and operates o
small bakery in the shop
ping center at Baileys Cross
roads. His winning entry
was a tray Of traditional fan.
shaped Danish pastries.
". r.
Evening star., 1961-06-08
New Look

Sundays fried chicken is
now wearing a new look. It's
orange sauce with q
touch Of lemon and you
make it like this: Combine
I can (1034 ounces) chicken
gravy. " cup orange juice.
teaspoon grated lemon
rind, and l teaspoon grated
orange rind. Heat; stir now
and then. Makes about ia
cups for crisp fried chicken.
Evening star., 1961-08-02

to administration requests on
the BIO.
MY amendment would strike
$525 million for B-52 and B-58
manned bombers which the
administration has said en-
phatically and repeatedly it
does not want or need" Senator
Proxmire said in a statement.
Responding to my request
for his views in the light of the
Berlin crisis, Secretary Nc
Namara has just sent me q
letter in which he writes:
81 repeat my previously
stated opinion that it is not
necessary for the Congress to
appropriate funds in fiscal
year 1862 above administration
requests for B-52 and B-58
bomberS. Inherent in this is my
belief that the production of
B-52s and B-58s is already
adequately protected for the
period of time involved in our
Evening star., 1961-08-02

paid for a lie detector test ad-
ministered to him by a private
detective in an attempt to show
his charges against Mr.. Car
dano were true.
In another development, John
T. Bonner, the attorney who
has been representing Mr..
Rosenberg in his appeal to the
District Board of Appeals and
Review for renewal of his used
car license, said yesterday that
he is withdrawing from the
case.
Mr.. Bonner said that he felt
the appeal to the Board of Ap-
peals and Review Committee
was not likely to be successful
and that he felt it would be
better strategy to file suit in
District Court.
However, Mr.. Rosenberg said
he intended to press his case
before the Board of Appeals
and Review Committee. Mr..
Rosenberg has been denied re-
newal of his used car dealers
license because of "a customer
complaints against him.
Evening star., 1961-08-02
Poluris Firing
Is 18th Success

CAPE cfINAvERAL, Fla,
Aug. 2 (AP)~-The Navy today
successfully fired a Polaris mis-
sile $50 miles to a target off
the West Indies Island of
Antigua.
Officials reported the wea-
pom, an advanced Polaris Az
model, met all test objectives
in scoring it's 18th success in
is test firings. The rocket was
launched from a land pad.
The improved missile will
have a maximum range of 1,725
miles, nearly 400 miles greater
Evening star., 1961-08-02

that he would try to strike out
the $525 million from the de-
fense appropriation bill when
it comes up for Senate action
later this week.
The extra half billion-plus to
maintain production of B-51
long-range heavy Jet bombers
was unanimously approved by
the Senate Appropriations
Committee yesterday.
Gen. Curtis E. LeMay, Air
Force Chief of Staff, had
urged this and also asked
$448 million to press develop
ment of the huge BIO jet
bomberS, expected to be the fu-
ture mainstay Of the Nations
manned bomber forces.
Senator Proxmire made no
mention Of some $228 million
added by the Senate committee
Evening star., 1961-08-02

fled Insurance advisory firms
which could be used to deter
mine the needs Of the Armory
and Stadium and write specifi-
cations.
4. Mr.. Reilly asked Mr.. Kor-
man to look further into Dis
trist laws forbidding fire in
surance coverage on Govern
ment buildings. Mr.. Reilly said
that if the law did allow such
coverage, the board would then
set limits of liability coverage
itself and submit the coverage
to competitive bidding.
Mcmillan Buys Car
The Armory insurance en-
tanglement became known last
week when Representative Nc
MILAN said Mr.. Reynolds had
purchased a Cadillac for him
at a discount price. Mr.. Nc
MILAN at that time said Mr..
Reynolds was a constituent of
his, and that he would do what
he could to help Mr.. Reynolds
get the insurance contract.
Mr.. Reynolds, as, is a native
of South Carolina, the Con-
gressmanS' home State. He
lives at 1922 Ventian road,
Silver Spring, and is a regis
tered voter in Montgomery
County.
The other proposals for in
surance which were tabled
yesterday we're submitted by
Adgate A. Lipscomb g. Son,
Robert P. DeOrsey, Inc, and
Hugh P. Flynn.
Evening star., 1961-08-02

further study of the bomber
concept"
Mr.. Mcnamara, in his letter
to Senator Proxmire, said
previous funds would provide
more than TOO jet bombers, in
cluding both B-52 and the
faster but smaller B-5S. in
operation through July /, 1866.
If it is decided later to con-
tinue the large force of heavy
jet bombers, Mr.. Mcnamara
said, a decision to ask addi-
tional bomber funds could
safely be delayed several years,
or until mid-1963.
Evening star., 1961-08-02
JET Funds Hit
By Mcnamara
By the Associated Press

Defense Secretary Mcnamara
publicly opposed today Senate
efforts to maintain production
OF heavy Jet bombers with a
$525 million addition to Presi-
dent Kennedy's defense appro-
priation requests.
Mr.. Mcnamara in a letter to
Senator Proxmire, Democrat of
Wisconsin, said the big un-
asked addition to the Presi-
dents $3.4 billion special re-
quest for defense funds was
not needed.
Senator Proxmire announced
Evening star., 1961-08-02

insurance it wants and allow
insurance men to submit bids.
The action came during a
special meeting called to clar-
ify the insurance picture - a
picture clouded by recent reve-
lations that a Congressman
was backing the award of a
contract to Don B. Reynolds
Associates of Silver Spring.
Mr.. Reynolds was one of
the four insurance men who
made proposals to the Armory
Board several months ago. Mr..
Reynolds, a longtime friend
of Representative Mcmillan,
chairman Of the House District
Committee, has said that no
pressure on the board was in
volved.
New Developments
The motion to table the four
proposals and to start anew
was made amid the following
developments:
/. The Board was informed
by Assistant Corporation Coun-
sci Milton D. Norman that
District law may prohibit the
Armory Board from buying fire
insurance. Fire insurance had
been included in the four pro-
posals made previously.
2. A District Insurance De-
partment official stated that
it would be impossible to COM
pare and evaluate the four
proposals in their present form.
3. The Armory Board re-
quested the Insurance Depart
ment to submit a list of quail
Evening star., 1961-08-02
LICENSES

Continued From First Page
not recall the incident "but
that does not mean it is not
true"
He said "that was a long
time ago."
$4,000 Extra a Year
Mr.. Nottingham, who now
also is a vice president of the
savings and loan organization,
has said he receives about $13,-
900 annually in outside income.
In addition to the Guardian
association, the licensing chiefs
outside income has come from
free-lance real estate work. Mr..
Nottingham's annual municipal
salary is about $4,000.
The question of outside work
by municipal employees, with
possible conflict = of interest
situations, was raised as a re-
suit of the widening inveStiga-
ton Of used-car permit shake
down charges against another
city official.
Mr.. Nottingham said he de-
cided to accept outside employ
ment because he needed to sup
plement his District income,
which was about $4,000 in 1850.
Mr.. Nottingham said he has
never found a conflict-of-inter
est situation as a result of his
outside work. He said all this
work has been done on his own
time.
Not Uncommon
Other city officials reported
that it is not uncommon for
municipal workers to hold
part-time Jobs.
Commissioner Walter N. To-
briner yesterday reported that
he plans ito take a sharp look"
at the question Of whether city
workers should be required to
seek approval for any outside
jobs.
Mr.. Tobriner said the whole
problem should be examined
and analyzed. He added, how
ever, that the District govern
ment is mot going to be
Stampeded into piecemeal regu-
lations. We are going to wait
until the whole picture is de-
veloped and then determine
what reasonable methods are
needed to correct what appear
to be irregularities"
The shakedown charges which
touched off the investigation
were made by Ross Rosenberg,
a former used car dealer, at a
Board Of Appeals and Review
Committee hearing last week.
Mr.. Rosenberg charged that
Mr.. Cardano, District licensing
enforcement officer, had So
licited and accepted "over
$100" and payment for two BIZ
cycles for Mr.. Cardano's chill
dren. Mr.. Rosenberg said that
he had made the payments in
order to avoid trouble with the
District Government.
Mr.. Cardano's denial of these
charges has been supported by
the results of a police lie de-
tector test.
Mr.. Rosenberg had previously
Evening star., 1961-08-02

than that of the operationaI
Al Polaris. The Navy and
Lockheed, which makes the
missile, plan to have the new
series ready to deploy aboard
nuclear submarines early in
1862.
Evening star., 1961-08-02
CHINESE LAUNDRY
ROBBED-OWNER
AT LAUNDROMAT

NEW HAVEN, Conn, (AP).
Lee Nong complained to po-
lice today that someone
stole about So from his cash
register while he stepped out
of his Chinese laundry for
a few minutes.
Police asked him where he
had gone. Next door, he said,
to wash some clothes at q
self-Service laundry.
Evening star., 1961-08-02
Travellers Prefer Cor

NEW YoRK.-More than 70
per cent of business travel in
the United States-and 80 to
80 per cent Of vacation travel
is by car.