davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-07-30
PRISONERS
Two Cubons Refuse
TOGO Back Home

tractors, I'VE believe there must
be bullets"
He added that I'VE are re-
naming with the intention OF
continuing the fight against
the despot Fidel Castro"
Mr.. Pico charged that Pre-
mier Castro never honors an
agreement. He said, I'VE are
ready to risk our lives" to free
Cuba's political prisoners.
Both Mr.. Collazo and Mr.
<Pico have wives and children in
Cuba.
Gustavo Garcia Monies
spokesman for the prisoner
committee, said several surviv.
ors of the invasion have volun.
teered to go to Cuba in place
of the two defectors.
See spur to Deal
The families Tractor Commit
tee declared that the "in-
credible" action of Mr.. Collazc
and Mr.. Pico will spur the trac-
tor deal rather than damper
enthusiasm for it. It has pro-
ceeded with the idea of seek
ing to free prisoners piece-meal
as tractors boone available.
The Cuban government has
Authorized the visit of the
three-man committee delega-
tion.
III Washington, other sur
vivcrs of the invasion effort
announced formation of the
Beachhead Brigade for Cuban
Freedom to carry on the anti
Castro struggle.
The group, headed by Jose
Manuel Reboso, q, former
Havana architect. and a grad
uate of Georgia Tech. said its
headquarters will be in Wash
Evening star., 1961-07-30

handled American affairs in
Havana since the United States
broke relations with Cuba last
January.
Washington authorities esti-
mated that more than 10 Cuban
planes, some hijacked and some
on planned flights, have been
seized in the United States and
auctioned during the Castro
regime.
These seizures, they contend
ed, were by due legal process
and stemmed from private citi-
zenS' financial claims against
the Castro government. They
also estimated that the total
value of the seized Cuban
planes was far less than that
of the Electra.
Some Congressman demand
ed that the United States
should. If necessary, regain the
plane by force.
Evening star., 1961-07-30
PRISONERS
Continued From First Page

COntlnue0 from First rage
featist, self-interested and ma
helous."
The committee, made up
mostly of relatives of prisoners,
will send a three-man delegs-
ton with the returning group
Monday to confer with Premier
Castro.
United States immigration
authorities had no immediate
comment on the decision of
the two prisoners to remain
m the United States.
: Mr.. Collazo and Mr.. Plco ac-
Cused Premier Castro of STALL
tng on his promise to free
prisoners taken in the April
a invasion in return for
Factors.
: Mr.. Collazo declared that,
since it has not been possible
70 liberate the captives with
Evening star., 1961-07-30

lington and its principal an
nounced aims are:
/. Establishment of a Radio
Free Cuba" to preach freedom
to Cubans under Premier
Castro's Communist aligned
rule.
2. Establishment of a pro-
gram to provide food, clothing
and drugs to the approximately
l.200 rebel soldiers who were
captured in the mid-April
landings.
8. Provision of care for the
needy families of these prison
ers and those killed in the in
vasion attempt.
4. Support of continuing un-
derground resistance to Pre-
mier Castro inside Cuba.
Felipe de Diego. 80, a former
Havana banker. is treasurer of
the group, while the secretary
is DR.. Arturo Perez-Heredia
described as a S0-year-old for
mer executive of the Havana
Medical School.
In the name of the brigade,
Mr.. Reboso and Mr.. de Diego
on Friday arranged the $50, 900
purchase of five farm tractors.
They told the dealer, L. B.
Maloney. Sr., of Silver Spring
Nd, that they hope to get Pre-
mier Castro to take the trac-
tors in exchange for the free
dom Of some of the prisoners
he holds.
The brigade plans appeals
for financial support from
Americans and Cubans to carry
on its work.
Evening star., 1961-07-30

said Cuba wished to point out
"a grave risk to international
peace"
/ It claimed that the United
States has extraordinarily in
creased the Size of its regular
forces at the United States
naval base at Guantanamo Bay.
But "the biggest concentra-
tions Of invasion forces are in
Helvetia Ranch (Guatemala) -,
Vieques Island puerto Rico)
and the Panama Canal Zone, /"
it added.
Anti Castro Cuban forces
which scrambled on Cuban
shores in an abortive invasion
attempt last April are generally
believed to have grouped in
Guatemala and jumped off
from Vieques.
The note also contended that
both American and anti Castro
Cuban troops we're involved in
the alleged Guantanamo Bay
buildup.
Pretext for Invasion
The Cuban government, the
note continued, seeks to de-
prive the United States of any
pretext of an invasion. Ac-
cordingly. it said, Cuba has
decided to put under Security
Council jurisdiction the North
American Electra plane so that
body would decide, whatever it
confirms, what should be done" /"
The wording failed to spell
out clearly whether Mr.. Castro
would abide by any Council
decision if 1t should consider
the case.
The Electra was the second
American airliner to be hi
lacked and flown into Cuba.
The other. a National Air Lines
Convair, was taken over May
by gun-wielding Cuban over
the Florida Keys. The Convair
and the 10 persons aboard were
held only a matter of hours.
The United States demand
that the $3.5 million Electra
be returned was forwarded by
the Swiss Embassy, which has
Evening star., 1961-07-30
Castro Turns Over to u. N.
Case of Hiiocked AirIiner

! HAVANA. July 90 CAP).-
The Fidel Castro government
today placed the hijacked
Eastern Air Lines plane case
in the lap of the United Ma
ftions Security Council.
The decision announced by
the Foreign Ministry appeared
aimed at avoiding a showdown
between the United States and
Cuba over the fate of the $3.5
million Lockheed Electra plane.
A Foreign Ministry note to
the U. N. accused the United
States Of massing forces for
an imminent military aggres-
sion" against Cuba, using the
plane incident as an excuse for
its plans.
1t contended that elaborate
military preparations were be-
ing made in the Caribbean area
under United States leadership
and claimed these plans could
set off "a conflagration of I'm
foreSeen consequences"
Diversion Tactic Seen
In Washington the State De-
partment said in a statement:
THE Cuban note to the Sc
curity Council is a transparent
to divert attention from the
actions of the Castro govern
ment in OBTAINING a hijacked
plane belonging to Eastern Air
Lines.
THE United States cannot
seriously countenance the
charges made by the Castro
government in its note to the
Security Council that the
United States is plotting i'm
minent military aggression be-
cause of the failure of the
Cuban government to return a
hijacked plane. The Govern
ment Of the United States is
pressing its request for the i'm
mediate release of this plane
through appropriate diplomatic
channels. 1t has not as yet re-
ceived a reply to the request
made through the Swiss En-
baSSy in Havana.
The Cuban note to the U. N,
in an obvious reference to ex-
pected Soviet Union support
said Cuba is not alone"
Course Not Spelled Out
Secretary Of State Dear
Rusk told a news conference
yesterday he expected a reply
within 48 hours on a State
Department demand for return
of the plane to the United
States.
He declined to spell out what
course the United States would
take if Cuba failed to return
it. But he rejected a Castro
proposal to exchange the air.
liner for a United States prom
Use not to impound Cuban
planes flown to the United
States.
(The Cuban delegation
which handed the note to the
Security Council president al
the United Nations, Ambassa-
dor Leopoldo BeniteS of Ecua-
dor, did not ask for a Council
meeting. 1t did ask, however
that the note be circulated
to members.
Estate Department officials
in Washington said there
would be no comment on the
Cuban note until they see the
text
Grave Risk to Peace
A Cuban gunman last Mon
day trained a pistol on the pilot
of the Electra, bound from
Miami to Tampa. and forced
him to fly to Havana. The 81
passengers and five crewmer
were released Tuesday.
The note, prepared on Prime
Minister Castrp's instructions,
Evening star., 1961-07-30
HIS CARS GONE,
THEN IT'S BACK.
THEN GONE AGAIN


NEWARK, N. J. (AP).-
At 8 Am. Saturday, Nor
man Provost reported to
police that his auto had
been stolen.
At 2:30 PM, he was
back in police headquar-
ters, reporting that he had
found the missing car at
702 Market street.
He left police headquar-
ters but was back in a few
moments.
The car was gone again.
Evening star., 1961-07-16

plans an end-of- -the-month
arrival.
Not already gone but plan
ming to leave by the first
week in August. is Miss Ali
son Taylor Hardy, the en-
bassy's popular information
attache who ends three-and-
half years of duty here to re-
turn to Ottawa where also
reside her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Edgar Hardy. Her re-
placement here is Mr.. A. D.
Bryce, whose fondness for
music should find happy full
fillment in the Nations
capital. With his wife and
two teenage children, he will
be here August /.
Others who will be Ottawa
bound by August l are the
embassy Counselor, Mr.. A. 2.
Broadbridge, who will be re-
placed by Mr.. John R.
Sharpe, and the Agricultural
Evening star., 1961-07-16
ON EMBASSY ROW
ON EMBASSY ROW
Summer Brings Many Changes in Stats

While Canadian Ambassa-
dor and Mrs. Heeney are on
a two-month European holi-
day, several of the approx
mately 80-member Embassy
staff are preparing to return
to Ottawa after completing
tours of, duty here.
The Heeneys left in the
middle sof June for a vaca-
ton in Canada and abroad.
Before returning to Wash
ington about the middle of
August, they will have Wis
tied their son, Brian, and his
family in Oxford. England,
and included a stop in Ire
land.
By the time the autumn
leaves start falling the EN-
bassy staff will have at least
ten requirements. Some have
not yet been named.
The new Scientific Attache
Evening star., 1961-07-16

is DR.. E. o. Hughes who has
already arrived here to take
over his new duties August
l. His predecessor. Mr.. Harry
Williamson, is returning to
Ottawa to resume his post
with the Canadian National
Research Council.
Back Here
Already back in Ottawa
are the Embassy's former
Financial Counselor c. L.
Read; First Secretary, Miss
Agnes Ireland, and CONNER
cial Counselor. Mr.. Thomas
M. Burns. Replacing them,
respectively, are Mr.. L. D.
Hudon who has already ar
rived here with his wife and
two little girls; Mr.. G. r.
Harmon who arrives at the
end of this month with his
wife and three children, and
Mr.. Roger Parlour, who also
Evening star., 1961-07-16

cessor has yet been named for
Brigadier Gibson.
Chilean Ambassador Null
Ter will be eff next month to
attend the meeting of the In
ter-American Economic and
Social Council which con-
venes in Montevideo on Au-
gust 5.
In the meantime, the En-
baSSy's new counselor, Mr..
Francisco Jose Oyarzun, ar
rived last week with his
Swedish born wife and IA
year-old son from Hong
Kong.
Coming from the opposite
part of the world the first
week of August will be a new
Embassy staff member. Mr..
Enrique Guzman. a bache-
lor. at present Chilean Vice
Consul in Hamburg, Ger
many, will be the new Third
Secretary.
Evening star., 1961-07-16

Counselor, Mr.. D. A. Bruce
Marshall, whose replacement
is as yet unannounced.
Leaving Washington some
time in the coming months
will be the Naval Attache, the
popular Commodore o. C. S.
Robertson, who plans to re-
tire in September and go to
Montreal; the Military At
tache, Brigadier T. Graeme
Gibson, whose tour of duty
probably will be up in the
late fall, and the Defense
Research Attache, DR.. Mel
son Whitman Morton, whose
replacement hasn't been an
nounced.
Replacement
Commodore Robertson will
be replaced by Commodore
(now Captain J. C. O'Brien,
at present skipper of HIM.
C.S. Bonaventure. No sue
Evening star., 1961-07-16
DATELINE PARIS
Did You Know !?

married life. Part of the ac-
ton takes place in Florida.
and the husband is an Amer
ican married to a French girl.
Note that the husband is the
jealous and the. faithful one!
Did you know that the
April in Paris Ball will take
place in October in New York
this year and that Maurice
Chevalier will be its star?
Mrs. Winston F. C. Guest,
president of the American
committee, has organized a
preparative reception at the
Hotel Crillon here with the
United S ia ties Ambassador
and Mrs. Gavin, Elsa Maxwell
promoter of this festivity
which is having its 10th an
niversary this fall (the ball,
Evening star., 1961-07-16

not Elsa and other person.
alities.
Happy Maurice was con-
graduated by everybody for
appearing at last in public
again. Il am accepting no
more than two or three in
vitations for parties a year,
because at cocktails one al
ways meets the people one
tries to avoid since 10 years."
he said.
Did you know that the
names of the new winter COL
lection of Maggy Rouff are
inspired by Jacqueline Ken
nedy?
Now knowing all this, you
may as well imagine that
you live in Paris half of your
time! Nice?!
Evening star., 1961-07-16
By ANDREA
Contributing Writer

, the left bank.
Did you know that women
wear only honey-colored hose
: in Paris to give the illusion
! Of suntanned legs? That it is
in a big department store Oe
, Printemps). and at some
hairdressers, that you get
nylon wigs for swim caps?
You have a choice between
the hairdo of Brigitte Bardot,
, Marilyn Monroe, Shirley Mac
Laine and other stars, or
your own invention. ALI colors
! for $40 to $40.
Did you know that it is
super chic to wear a silk dress
made of a necktie pattern,
; the famous twill fashion
and that it is even more chic
to have slacks and blouse for
the beach and the week end
m those patterns? That swim
suits should have only one
strap to be the latest cry,
and that Slacks could be fixed
with real suspenders made of
the same fabric over the
blouse if\you want to show
Something really new?
-. Unusual Service
bid you know that the
Figaro" one of the widest
circulating Parisian daily
papers. with several provin-
cial editions has a special
touriSt-message-service dur
ing the summer months,
without charge for its sub
scribers? Here you can pub
lish a short notice informing
your children on their way
south about the results of
their exams, or telling them
that Granny is sick, or you
can recommend that your
husband drink more milk
than wine.
Did you know that the tele-
phone and wire system are
part of the French postal
service and that you now can
get nearly every place in
France by telephone auto
matically?
Or that mail is delivered
three times a day in Paris
and big cities and that the
famous blue "pneumatique"
is a letter you can send in
Paris at every post office to
a friend who has no tele-
! phone? (There are many since
! it still takes several months
to get a number installed }
Blown at high speed through
, pneumatic tubes your mes
Sageysreaches its local post
office in seconds and is de-
livered like telegram in one
, hour. Highly indispensable
. for rendezvous!
Did you know that the
French pay higher postal
rates for airmail to the
United States, the tariff being
applied to every 5 grams
"a little less than a quarter
: OF an ounce), while in the
States you are allowed q
ounce for one stamp? That
, the equivalent of the United
= States airletter exists in
: other European countries, but
, not yet in France?
Did you know that in sum-
! mer special car trains carry
: your automobile to the French
, Riviera to avoid the Strenu-
GUS 700-mile drive? But the
train only goes to Avignon so
: that you have the pleasure of
, driving the last beautiful 100
, miles?
New Book
, Did you know that Fran
= coise Sagan, whose movie
, "Aimez vous Brahms?" is a
, simultaneous success in Paris
, and Washington, has pub
! lished a new novel: Les Mer-
, veilleux Nuages" CThe Won
) derful clouds. It deals with
: the problems of jealousy in
Evening star., 1961-01-15

and Cooperation with bar asso,
Citations seems the most obvious
means of getting help"
On the question of court con-
gestion, he said lawyers and judges
across the country are concerned
about the great backlog of pend
ing cases and he is interested Ii
attacking the problem although
aware there is no magic solution.
On Organized Crime
He had nothing to volunteer oh
organized crime-one of the prime
targets of the outgoing Justice
chiefs. His own practice has been
largely civil, except for occasions
when his businessmen clients ran
afoul of some criminal law like
antitrust or when the court ap.
pointed him to defend an accused
man. On the civil side, he is pres
emily serving on the Civil Rules
Advisory Committee of the judi
cial Conference on appointment
by Chief Justice Warren.
Is he liberal?
WELL" said Mr.. White with q
grim" If resistance to change
makes one conservative. I'm not
a conservative"
Evening star., 1961-01-15

Defense Department. moving In
the direction Of q single service
and single chief Of staff. Mr..
Mcnamara Is not committed, and
some Congressman have even
limited to the press-inaccurately
that he has in fact decided not
to reorganize the Pentagon this
year. II ever.
So how will Mr.. Mcnamara and
Mr.. Gilpatric get along on the
subject Of reorganization?
Just fine. Mr.. McNamara's in
Inmates say. Mr.. Gilpatric Is a
good and loyal friend. He will
make his reorganization pitch,
Mr.. Mcnamara will listen sympa-
thetically. Then he will make up
his mind. and Mr.. Gilpatric will
support the decision, whatever it Is.
But II he doesn't? Then, Mr..
Mcnamara has made 1t clear, one
Of them will 60. Mr.. Mcnamara
does not expect any such show
down with any Of his top officials.
He Is picking them himself. He
merely believes that II someone
fights his decisions. then the Pres
ident will have to decide who is
to be fired.
This is more difficult to do In
the Pentagon than at Ford, how
Evening star., 1961-01-15

If he does go ahead and issue an
order, execution can founder in
q mush-like sea Of gentle evasions.
The services are used to handl-
ing civilian secretaries. During one
ceremony In the Pentagon one of
the secretaries was making a
particularly long. dull and point
less speech when a general from
another service leaned over to a
general from the secretary's serv-
ice and asked, How can you peo-
pie stand that guy?"
The second general smiled quiet
ly and whispered back. Hes
manageable"
1t is hard to believe that Mr..
Mcnamara can ever be manage
able. He. like Mr.. Gates. the out
going secretary. is too smart to be
taken in. Unlike Mr.. Gates. how
ever, Mr.. Mcnamara does not have
a vast store Of information about
Pentagon coming techniques.
1t will be hard for him to know
when the services are shunting
him to one side owe get our new
secretaries interested in personnel
and public relations" one general
said, land from then on they don't
bother us.~ and harder for him
Evening star., 1961-01-15
By the Associated Press

MACON, Ga.-A Federal judge
who has spent his life in the Deep
South issued the orders that ad-
mitted two Negro students for
the first time to the 175-year-old
University Of Georgia and that
were intended to keep them there
despite protests and rioting.
He is william A. Bootle, Judge
Of the middle district Of Georgia
the last six years.
The 58-year-old jurist is no
stranger to cases involving
Negroes. Last September he Or
dered the Terrell County regis
trars to stop all discriminatory
practices aimed at discouraging
Negroes from registering to vote.
The decision came in the first
voter suit filed under the 1857
civil rights act. Registrars Of the
Southwest Georgia county later
filed q report promising full COM
pliance with the judges order.
In 1855 Judge Bootle directed
verdict for % Negroes in a civil
rights damage suit at Columbus.
The Negroes charged two Ran
dolph County registrars denied
them their right to vote.
Judge Bootle has devoted much
of his life to the law.
He was born at Walterboro.
S. c., August 10, 1902. the son of
a man who operated a sawmill
business.
when I finished the ninth
grade at Walterboro in 1917 the
family moved to Nashville, Ca,
and then about six months later
to Reidsville," the Judge said. IT
Evening star., 1961-01-15

the season starts, once the whistle
blows, you play for the same rea-
son you always played-the COM
petitive activity"
Mr.. White appears to have a
solid reason for everything he does.
That was not only true Of his
decision to turn pro, but also of
his original decision to back Mr.
Kennedy for President and his
most recent decision-to come to
Washington as the No. Q man in
the Justice Department.
Between answering telephone
calls at his borrowed office in the
Justice Department, he explained
some of the reasons-but only
when pressed. Conversationally,
he's as adept at broken field run
ming as he was as the leading
ground gamer for the Detroit
Lions two decades ago.
Friendship With Kennedy
Under questioning, he said he
had wanted to be a doctor until
his Junior year at the University
of Colorado when he decided that
he wasn't getting what he wanted
Evening star., 1961-01-15

anecdotes for the public when he
suddenly became a national figure.
One Defense official was in De-
troit attending a meeting Of the
Michigan Aeronautics and Space
Association when Mr.. Mcnamara
was named. Members of the group
included almost every top indus
trialist in Michigan. so the official
tried to get line on his new boss.
"McNamara?" one tycoon said
thoughtfully, II guess I don't
really know him.
DO you?" he asked a friend.
well, isn't he that young fel.
low with glasses that you see
around once in a while?" was the
reply.
1--WE just don't see much of
him." another company president
said.
Relotions With Press
His contacts with the press have
been few, although he has some
personal friends among Detroit
newspapermen. He apparently
leaned heavily on these men when
he chose a new chief Pentagon
press agent-the Assistant Secre-
tary Of Defense for Public Affairs.
After casting about among his own
reporter friends, he fixed on Ar
thur Sylvester, Washington re-
porter for the Newark News and
an old friend of Martin Hayden
of the Detroit News.
Mr.. Mcnamara is determined
not to make some of the pubic
relations mistakes Of his prede-
cessors. He believes that public
comments on matters not strictly
in the province of the Defense
Secretary can do much harm.
1t seems a sure bet no one will
ever maneuver him into agreeing
that what is good for Ford is good
for the country or that he doesn't
give a damn why grass is green
a remark made by Secretary of
Defense Wilson when asked if the
Pentagon should spend money on
basic research.
Mr.. Mcnamara loves to travel
he used to spend his vacations in
the West or Europe skiing or
mountain climbing-but he does
not want to use his many Penta-
gon travel opportunities to enjoy
himself. Wintertime inspection
tours OF Caribbean bases, with
wife and children, are not on his
list Of things to do. Vacations, he
believes, are out for the duration.
In fact he expects this Job to
be hard on his family. He hest
tated before accepting the assign
ment when he was told that hfs
wife and three children must
inevitably, be in the public eye.
He will keep them out, however,
if he can.
The McNamaras took a house
at 80 Kalorama Circle and will
send their children, Margaret
Elizabeth, Kathleen and Robert
Craig. to Sidwell Friends School.
summing up, Mr.. Mcnamara
has made an excellent impression
IN his first days at the Pentagon.
One officer helping him get
started described him as IAN url-
tired Gates" This is high praise.
II he has Mr.. Gates abilities and
even more vigor. he can make an
outstanding Secretary of Defense
always provided his lack Of
: Pentagon experience does not trip
the Nation up.