Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1961-12-02
1861 Record. 80.
Continued from Page One)

preceding year."
The American Jewish Con-
gress study was prepared by the
agency's Commission on Law
and Social Action under Shad
Polier, chairman.
While pointing out that none
of the 1861 laws blazed new
trails in anti-discrimination" the
fact that legislatures through
out the country have observed
the enactment of civil rights
laws in other states, have salts
fled themselves that the laws
work and have decided to follow
suit"
Since enactment of the first
fair employment laws in 1916
and the report of President Tru-
mans Committee on Civil Rights
in 1947, it was noted, "the fact
of continued inequality has not
been allowed to lapse from the
consciousness or conscience of
the American people.
"Steady progress has been
made during that period in
breaking down long-existing
BARRIERS the survey found, adj
ding:
"The wide success of legisla-
tive campaigns in the states this
year shows that the civil rights
movement is still growing in
strength"
The 24-page American Jewish
Congress report also covered
five anti-bias statutes enacted
in three states during 1860. Most
state legislatures meet in odd
numbered years.
AS a result of the actions of
1861 state legislatures, the
study pointed out, "a very i'm
pressive number of state anti
discrimination laws are now in
effect" The report listed them
as follows:
On discrimination in employ
ment:
Nineteen states have fair en-
ployment laws enforceable by an
administrative agency using the
method of Cancellation, backed
with authority to issue admin
istrative orders enforceable in
the Courts.
Two states have fair employ
ment laws enforceable by crimi-
nal penalties.
One state has a fair employ
ment law without enforcement
provisions.
On discriminating in educa-
ton:
Five states have laws broadly
prohibiting discrimination in
education, enforced by admins
trative agencies, while a num-
Der of other states have more
limited legislation.
On discrimination in housing:
Nine states have laws prohi-
biting discrimination in a sub
stantial portion of the general
housing market and a number
of states have more limited sta
tutes apply to public and pub
licly-assisted housing.
On discrimination in public
accommodations:
Twenty-eight states and the
District of Columbia have pro-
hibited discrimination in places
of public accommodation. Ten
of these provide for admins
trative enforcement.
Highlights of 1861 Laws.
Noted
According to the report, the
principal anti-bias measures en-
acted during 1861 sessions of
state legislatures were:
u Illinois, Kansas and Mis-
souri, enacted fair employment
laws fully enforceable through
the administrative process that
has proved so successful in other
states" This process includes
establishment of a state commits
sion with power to hear COM
plants, conciliate them, hold
hearings and issue formal or
ders enforceable in court. The
Missouri law is particularly
significant" the report said,
since it is the first such measure
passed in a border state.
q Five states - Minnesota,
New Jersey, New York, Penn
sylvania and New Hampshire
passed laws prohibiting discrim-
ination in significant portions of |
the housing market. Connecti-
cut and Massachusetts streng-
thened the fair housing laws
they adopted in 1869.
81 Idaho, New Hampshire,
North Dakota and Wyoming |
were added to the list of states
that bar discrimination in hotels,
railroads, theatres, bathing bea-
ches and other places of public
Pennsylvania
and Ohio strengthened their
laws in this area by providing |
for enforcement through the ad-
ministrative process already in
effect for their fair employment