davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-11-27

that the American Commu-
mist Party is but a branch
of an international organiza-
ton: The Communist move
ment, directed at will from
its center, the USSR Com
munist Party, which is at the
same time the supreme power
in a foreign state, the Soviet
Union, whose government is
but a subordinate organ of
that party. On every impor-
tant international, and even
national American problem,
the American Communist
Party, has always, without
one single exception, echoed
and reflected the policies
and views of the Soviet gov
ernment and Communist
Party, changing its own
stand without delay following
the fluctuations of the center.
In the light of these in
controvertible facts, the
American Communist Party
is, beyond any reasonable
doubt, an agency of a foreign
power, and there is no pos
sible reason for exempting it
from the obligation of regis
tering as such.
Nicolas de ROchefOrt.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
Story of Sorrows

There has been SorroWful taSclna-
ton about the story of young Michael
Rockefeller's disappearance off the wild
and forbidding coast of New Guinea,
and of the massive sea and jungle search
that has been Carried on for nearly a
week past. The setting for this drama,
with all its natural elements for extreme
danger, challenges the imagination. And
the thought of even hardy young man
attempting to swim the treacherous
waters or to survive in the Jnenacing
marshland if ever he reached shore has
not been one to breed hope.
In this case the overtones of drama
have been heightened by Michae's
identity-member of famous family
and son of New York's Governor Nelson
{ ~
Evening star., 1961-11-27
The Shelter Issue

Dr. Willard F. Libby, in his series
Of articles published in The Star, ad-
vocates among other things the con-
Struction of family fallout shelters as
a means of greatly enhancing the pros
poets of survival in the event of nuclear
attack. In selecting Dr. Libby to write
the series, the Associated Press turned
to one of the Nations most distinguished
and knowledgeable authorities on fall
out and atomic radiation.
But the widespread expressions of
disagreement with what DR.. Libby has
to say, both from readers of The Star
and from such fellow-scientiSts ss DR..
James Van Allen, are graphic reflec-
ton of the controversy and the con-
fusion which exist not only in the public
mind, but also among atomic authorities,
on the subject of fallout shelters. And
all of this is compounded, Of course, by
the absence of any definitive guidance
from the Federal Government on what
to believe-a vacuum which springs
baSically from the lack of a firm ad-
ministration policy on civil defense.
In very real sense, President Ken
nedy is personally responsible for much
of the concern which has developed in
the public mind over atomic survival
On July Is, shortly after the menacing
Soviet statements on Berlin, the Presi-
dent declared on television that the
time for Americans to start protect
ing themselves against the dangers of
fallout 'iS now," and he promised "to
let every citizen know what steps he
can take without delay to protect his
family in case of attack" Well, the
people of America have not yet heard
what these steps are, and until such
word is forthcoming their confusion is
not likely to abate.
1t is welcome news indeed, there
fore, that administration leaders at last
have agreed upon civil defense policy,
and that its elements soon will be dis
closed. Repeatedly this policy will en-
phaSize the Importance of community
fallout shelters. We hope, however, that
it also will include specific advice on
the course which individuals should
follow in regard to family shelters. For
it is as important that the public be
able to clarity its thinking on this sub
ject as 1t is that the Government
proceed with long-range program of
community shelters, a program toward
which start already has been made.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
Detects Plot

The Star carried an
announcement by Arlington
County School Superintend-
ent Reid that an unexpected
surplus of $372,000 had been
found. The story indicated
that the school board had
been aware of the surplus a
month ago. Mr.. Reid's dis
closure was made approx
mately one week after resi-
dents of the county voted in
favor of a school bond issue
AS one who has supported
efforts to improve the school
system of Arlington, I deplore
what appears to have been
an unscrupulous maneuver to
assure a favorable vote for
the bond issue. It appears
that ABC Government in the
county is a luxury that the
residents can Ill afford.
Robert b. Gilman.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
Armory Parking Fee

Congratulations to the
Home Builders Association
for its decision to abandon
its show at the District Arm
ory because of the Armory
parking fee; to the other
groups who have attacked the
81 Armory parking fee as
unfair, eXorbitant and ri
diculous." and to The Star
for its story spotlighting the
situation.
AS an individual who has
been attending some of these
shows over the years, I no.
ticed at the last one, the
Home Furnishing Show, that
some motorists turned away
when they encountered the
81 parking sign at the Arm
ory. Any attendance at the
show from that point was
merely accidental because
they may have found a street
parking spot close by.
Many of the activities at
the Armory are billed as en-
tertainment and shows" but
the paying public generally
understands that they are
promotional activities to gen.
crate business, rather than
pure entertainment. To a
certain extent the John Qs,
who buy the tickets good
naturedly. have gone along
with the whole idea. How
ever, when said John Qs
learn of the ridiculous park
ing fee to participate In the
entertainment, they may
pause and proceed elsewhere
for a more desirable enter
tainment investment.
OF course, the chairman o.
the Armory board may "just
schedule another activity
since I'VE have always filled
the schedule in those
months" However, he cannot
deprive the individual Johr
Qs of their decisions not tc
attend such activities. The
81 parking fee is a compar-
atively new thing and the
word has not completely got
ten around to those who buy
the tickets. I think the Home
Builders Association has
more insight on the situa-
ton than the chairman oi
the Armory parking fee activ.
ity, or whatever it is.
Robert E. Trimble.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
Unregistered Reds

DR.. Harold C. Urey, Nobel
Prize winner in chemistry,
took 1t upon himself to ask
the President of the United
States not to prosecute the
American Communist Party
for not registering as an
agency of a foreign power.
He fears that this registra-
ton would damage freedom
of thought, speech and asso-
citation" in America.
With all due respect to the
great chemist, I protest
against his unwarranted in
trusion into m a tiers on
which, apparently, he is not
too well informed.
From the specific point of
view of the law concerned,
there are quite a few Ameri-
cans who act quite openly as
agents of some foreign power,
either in the field of public
relations, or in commercial
matters, and accordingly sub
NIT to the formality of regis
tration. Neither DR.. Urey nor
any other prominent scien-
tiSt has ever protested
against this legal obligation,
or accused it of abridging
freedom of thought, speech
and association"
Why does DR.. Urey adopt
a different attitude when the
American Communist Party is
in question?
The freedom of thought,
I speech and association" of
American Communists is not
impaired by the law requir-
ing their organization to reg
lister, but by the very fact
that they are members Of the
Communist Party, whose
iron discipline, and the rule
of democratic centralism"
make it an obligation for ev-
cry member to uphold and
defend the party line whether
they agree with it or not. DR.
Urey may have heard of ere
wisconsin" "dogmatism," and
other heresies of communism
which cause the immediate
purge of those among the
party ranks who become gull
ty of such "deviations." In
joining the party, a man ab-
dicates his basic freedoms
No further impairment can
be inflicted on that which
does no longer exist.
There is plethora of proof
Evening star., 1961-11-27
AssoiIs Pocifists
Nicolas de ROchefOrt.

1t Is disgusting to note the
antics of the pacifists who
think they are moralists (jel-
lyfish would be a better
name) and the near-hyster-
ical women who are trying
to rattle our President into
bowling his head and bending
his knee to the terroriSts in
the Kremlin. These idealistic
peace-loverS 1--WE all want
peace but not by having our
honor and our Nation tram
pied in Red mud have hyp-
Noticed themselves into be-
lieving that if we give up
nuclear weapons and disarm
ourselves. it will shame the
militaristic Russians and Red
Chinese into becoming good
little boys and they too will
disarm and give up their
dream of imposing their tyr
amy on the rest of the
world! How stupid can these
pacifiSts get, anyway?
Some of these ban-the-
bomb and ban-the-test or
ganizationS have even gone
so far as to spread the OBJ
viously Red-inspired propa-
ganda that mongoloid mon
sters will be born to q num-
Der Of American mothers if
America resumes nuclear test
ing. Others say that hun
dredS Of thousands of chill
dren will be doomed to die of
leukemia. They are counting
on young mothers and fathers
taking their word for these
ridiculous charges without
checking into the fact that
monsterism, blindness and
leukemia have been the fate
of large numbers of babies
for many, many years before
the atom bomb was ever in
vented.
It is time for the press
and the Government to ex-
pose these pacifists for what
they are, namely, either un-
whiting or perhaps whiting
propagandists for the Soviet
or at least the dupes
thereof.
Robert A MuIIan
Evening star., 1961-11-27

There may be matter in
Creation that weighs as much
as 5000 tons a cubic inch.
This is the calculation Of
the Soviet astronomer, DR..
D. Kirgnitz, in a report. an
abstract of which has been
issued through the United
States Department Of Com
merce.
This stuff" he has de-
termined, would exist in So
called "neutron stars" made
up almost entirely Of the ele-
mentary particles, neutrons,
packed closely together. The
greatest densities of matter
now known to science sup
posedly exist in the white
dwarf stars" It amounts to
only about 80 tons q cubic
inch, featherdown matter by
celestial standards. In their
interiors, however, it may be
as much as 10-fold higher.
But, he insists, this would
be only a transitional stage
to the neutrons, stars whose
existence is theoretically pos
sible, although none yet have
been found in the Milky Way
galaxy.
Other Deductions
Under especially favorable
conditions" says the report,
almost all the volume of a
star would be occupied by
neutron matter. Only on the
outside will there be q thin
layer Of ordinary matter.
Computations indicate that
the mass of such stars is less
than that of the sun, but
not by much. Their radius,
however, is only between 20
and 80 kilometerS.
"Such q neutron star would
be similar in structure to an
ordinary atomic nucleus but
would be many quadrillion
times its volume. When q
neutron center develops. the
volume of the star is far
smaller than before. This is
possibly the cause for coll
lapse, accompanied by the lib
Grafton of tremendous ener-
gies, such as occurs in the
case of supernovae."
There is reason to believe,
says the Russian astronomer,
that there may be at least
one of these neutron stars
in the Crab nebula of the
Milky Way system.
4
Life on Mars may have just
started.
This is the contention of
Prof. v. Krasovskiy, eminent
Russian astronomer, in a re-
port abstracted by the De-
partment of Commerce.
1t has been generally agreed
that only q low order of liv-
ing things. at the best. Is
Evening star., 1961-11-27
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. Al let
terS are subject to condenSd-
tton. Those not used sDiu be
returned only Dhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Weiqht of Neutron Stars Tremendous
By THOMAS R. HENRI

probable on the neighbor
planet because of its extreme
cold and the thinnesS Of its
atmosphere. This is on the
assumption that earth and
Mars were formed at about
the same time through the
condensation of inter- stellar
gases. At first both would
have been very hot. Mars.
however, would have cooled
much more rapidly than the
earth and higher life which
may have developed there
probably would have become
extinct.
Alternative Explanation
But, the Russian astron-
omer contends, there is an
alternative explanation Of the
origin Of planetS-that they
were formed by the fusion
Of cold meteorites. In this
case, he says. the temperature
on Mars was initially very
cold and began to rise very
slowly due to radioactive pro-
ceSseS and the compression
of meteorites. So it may be
that the temperatures on
Mars have not yet, or have
only recently, risen to a level
favorable for the development
of rudimentary forms of life.
The earth would have
warmed sooner due to its
greater mass and lesser dis
tance from the sun.
In the same report he dis
cusses the eventual colonial
ton Of humans on other
planets to relieve population
pressure on earth. It would
be easier, he says, to cover
the oceans of the globe with
giant RATS if it were neces-
Sary to gain additional living
space. He also feels that ex'
ploitation Of the mineral re-
sources of other planets never
will be economically feasible.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
WATCHING THE WORLD
France Gains q NucIeor Voice
By CROSBY S. NOYES
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor

implications, not only when 1t
comes to negotiating with the
Russians, but also for NATO
itself. Even before the day
comes, it could, in fact,
precipitate something Of a
major crisis within the
alliance since it involves the
critical question of West
Germany's possession and
control of nuclear arms.
On his recent trip to Wash
ington, Chancellor Adenauer
sought-and failed to get
a major change in American
nuclear policy. NATO, he
argued, should be able to
order use of atomic weapons
in an emergency without
prior authorization of the
President of the United
States. The conditions of
modern war are such, the
argument went. that imme-
diate decisions might be
necessary. The fate Of every
one could be settled before
the presidential order came
through from Washington,
Mr.. Adenauer contended,
Kennedy Disagrees
For the time being at least,
President Kennedy does not
seen to have agreed. But if
Mr.. Adenauer failed to get
what he wanted on a NATO
basis, this doesn't necessarily
mean that Mr.. Kennedy will
have the last word on the
question.
In Paris these days there is
continuing talk of the pos
sibility of forming a Franco
German nuclear pool in
which research facilities and
control of weapons would be
shared on an equal basis.
Given Gen. de Gaulle's basic
European policy - and his
policy toward West Germany
in particular7such an idea
can certainly not be ruled out.
And while German reaction
to a French offer along this
line may be uncertain, the
implications for NATO and
for the whole cold-war
picture are only too clear.
The joint German-French
control of an atomic stock
pile outside of the NATO
framework would be for
many European nations the
realization of their most
frightening nightmare. For
the Russians and their satel-
liteS it would be final proof
of their fears of a revival
Of German militarism and a
direct threat to their own
security. And even in many
NATO countries, notably the
Scandinavian. the reaction
would be one of anger and
dismay.
In the light Of these pos
sibilities, it is time, perhaps,
to stop laughing at the
French effort to develop as
an independent nuclear pow
er. Already, French nuclear
policy represents a force in
European politics very much
to be reckoned with.
In the opinion Of many
observers 1t has been a bad
mistake to leave France out
Of the Western atomic club
and such international nego-
tiations as those about to re-
sumo in Geneva. American
policy in this critical field
has been more short-sighted
than realistic.
Evening star., 1961-11-27

@. How old were the an
cient lotus seeds which were
found some years ago in the
Far East, and terminated?
d. ON.
A. In 1851, plant patholo-
gist Horace v. Webster
of the National Park Service
successfully terminated two
lotus seeds which had been
found in a peat bog in Man
churia. A radio-carbon test
on similar seeds taken later
from the same deposit showed
these seeds were between $50
and 1850 years old.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
KnebeI Fan

I pay my highest respects
to Fletcher Knebel for his
very witty column. I might
say that ne is a great factor
for my being a regular reader
of The Star. In this present
world of storm and stress,
it's good to get away from
it all and find some humor
in his never-failing column.
OkOn Idenn.
Evening star., 1961-11-27
PARIS

EAEN46-
On the eve of the resump-
ton of the nuclear test-ban
talks in Geneva the growing
Importance of French nuclear
development is forcing itself
on the attention of Western
leaders here.
Until now. these leaders
have paid little heed to the
French effort in this field.
Indeed, they have preferred
to behave as if it didn't exist.
France has, of course, not
been invited to take part in
the negotiations in Geneva
and has had no share in the
policy-making decisions Of
the Western nuclear powers.
The Russians, on the other
hand, have, for their own
purposes, raised a consider
able fuss over the French
ndclear program. They are
inclined to see it as part of
a sinister Western plot to
evade a ban on nuclear tests
which it most certainly is
not. And they have implied
in earlier negotiations that
a treaty would not be worth
the paper it was written on
as long as France continued
to test nuclear weapons on
its own.
For his part, French Presi-
dent de Gaulle has made it
quite clear that whatever the
other powers may decide
France has no intention OF
abandoning its program OF
nuclear development. A good
deal of his speech in Stras-
bourg last Thursday was de-
voted to the capital necessity
of achieving a nuclear strik-
ing force in the shortest pos
sible time. The argument
was classically Gaullist ir
tone.
France must have atomic
arms, the general said, un'
less they cease to exist else
where. Frightening as thest
weapons are-and exactly 70,
that reason-"a great natiol
not possessing them whilt
others do cannot dispose o
its destiny"
Objective Near
The first aim Of Frencl
defense, Gen. de Gaulle con
tinued, is to have nuclear
armed missiles for both Stra
tegic and tactical purpose
with rockets to launch then
as long as other countrie
possess nuclear arms. AM
they are well on the way t.
attaining this objective.
1t would be extremely fool
ish for anyone to dismiss thi
as a bit of wishful grandeu
designed to flatter the am
'bitions of a restive army.
The skepticism and deri
sion which greeted the an
nouncement Of the nuclea
program two years ago /
France and abroad has no.
vanished. Almost certainl!
France today is in posses
sion of transportable and ef
fective nuclear weapons. T
judge from the new rocket
on display at Strasbourg an
the recent experiments wit
high-altitude missiles in tn
Sahara, the day when Franc
will possess an effective nu
clear weapons system Of II
own making is not far Of
This fact has most seriou
Evening star., 1961-11-27
Answers to Questions

By THE HASKIN SERVICE
reader can get an answer. by
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 636 r street NV, Washington
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or seh-addressed, stamped
envelope.
Evening star., 1961-02-05

YOgurt: Fermented goats milk which is
high in protein and low in caloric content.
Like milk, yogurt is thought to be an
excellent food and can offer the dieter many
tempting meals. make ice cream by mix
ing yogurt and strawberries, then putting
them in an ice tray in my freezer. 1t tastes
like old-fashioned homemade ice cream
and the calorie count is comfortingly low!
Evening star., 1961-02-05

X-TGy treatment: Once very popular
for treating troubled skin. However, there
are many hazards involved in its use.
You'd better think carefully and consult
your doctor before allowing such treatment.
Evening star., 1961-02-05

WhiteheGdS: Plugged oil sacs and pores
which prevent the oil from reaching the
surface of the skin. The treatment for this
can be steaming and good skin care. Don't
fail to consult doctor if they continue.
Evening star., 1961-09-24

SUCCEssFUL HOME MANAGEMENT has much in com.
mon with the successful management of business.
A home, of course, is much than business.
home involves cultural and spiritual values which
be measured by dollars and cents yardstick.
And yet to be success happy and pleasant environ
ment your home must be run properly.
As in business your home must have a sound
economic structure. Like industrial plant, your home
must be in tiptop operating condition To make your
home more functional and comfortable, you must
be alert for ways to naOderniSe and improve it,
To help you with this important job we inaugu-
rating THIS Weeks Annual Home Inventory. 1t is de.
signed to help you keep your home MODERN efficient and
attractive The Inventory consists of three checklists
No. includes my suggestions for possible ways do
your home financing effectively.
No. 2, worked out by Ralph Johnson, Director of
Research and Technology of the National Association of
Home Builders lists what you must do to make certain
your home is properly maintained
No. presents the principal home improvement and mod.
erniaatiOn projects explained by Edgar " Hail. Execu-
There is probably advice about homes to which
exceptions be found However, first Annual
Home Inventory will stick to hints for home manage.
that apply to almost every house and to almost
every budget. small investment of your time to check
these points could pay you large dividends.
6Qy61Ml1s<1h
Evening star., 1961-11-11
Maryland Youth Shot
During Argument

LAUREL, Nd, Nov. IL (Spe-
ciaD "A Savage (Md) youth
was shot in the shoulder early
today during an argument with
another youth, State police re-
ported.
The victim was identified by
police as william Mullins, 10.
Police said he was struck on
the left shoulder by q blast
from a shotgun 20 feet away.
He was reported in good con-
dition at st. Agnes Hospital,
Baltimore.
Police said they had charged
Marvin Leroy Wheeler, 10, Of
Savage, with assault with in
tent to kill. The youths were
arguing behind the Savage
Volunteer Fire Department
when the shooting occurred,
police said.
Evening star., 1961-11-11

and perched precariouSly on the
overlooking cliffs watched the
thrill-packed regatta.
Each boat was manned by
a bosun, helmsman, 10 paddlers
and a mate all dressed in brief,
colored shorts almost transpar-
ent when soaked by the sea.
The huge, muscular boatmen
furiously dipped their paddles,
shaped like a three-fingered
hand, to plow the cockleshell
canoes through the surf from
the sandy beach.
Winners Win Applause
The Queen, in a crisp, pink
dress and matching hat,
clapped excitedly as the win
ming canoes completed the
grueling course.
From there the Queen drove
with Mr.. Nkrumah through the
crowd-jammed streets 10 Max
alo market, the bustlilg center
of Accra'S local commerce.
With Mr.. Nkrumah at her
side the Queen strolled among
the stalls laden with everything
from frying pans to fertility
potions.
Shouting, cheering mammies
laid cloth on the ground in Sir
Walter Raleigh style for the
Queen to walk over.
Evening star., 1961-11-11

Driver Held
After Chase
At 12O MPH
BY the Associated Press

A 25-mile auto chase involv-
ing speeds UP to 120 miles an
hour ended near Greenbelt
early today with the arrest of
Arliss Cornish, 10, Of Balti-
more.
State police said Cornish,
driving on the Baltimore
Washington expressway. sped
from Baltimore City Patrol
man Robert Austin. who tried
to stop the car for a routine
check.
Mr.. Austin radioed the Wa
terloo Barracks Of the State
police, who Joined the chase.
Park police Joined in farther
south.
State Police Sergt. Frank
Testerman said his speedome-
ter read 100 miles an hour dur
ing the chase, which ap-
preached its conclusion when
the youths auto turned
around and headed back to-
ward Baltimore.
The car veered off the high
way, ran up an embankment,
struck the rear of Sergt. Tester
mans car and turned over four
times. The sergeant, uninjured,