davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-17
BY WoIt Disney

But the past tense OF ride
should be rode and not rid.
Then tDhen one tries to seek,
they'll say that he sought,
But ii / take q peek, tpiH they
say that / pouoht?
You may fill something until IL
is full,
But II you bill someone, tDill
all that be bull?
II the past tense OF sit alwuyS
is sat,
Why shouldn't the same tense
OF hit become hat?
II / speak to you. you'll say
that / spoke,
II I sneak out the door, Uould
you say that / smoker
II the past tense OF grow is
alUdyS called gre,D,
Why isn't the plural OF SnoU
labeled SnetD?
What's Sne,D? Nothing, what's
neIO Dith you?
Evening star., 1961-02-17
SHEINWOLD
ON BRIDGE
Don't REJECT
To Empty Threuts
b. ALFRED sHEINWOLD

If you play bridge against
normal human beings you can
rule out certain plays as quite
impossible. II you try to pro-
tect yourself against an iInpos-
Sible play you may fall victim
to something else.
South dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
NORTH
A964
8AQ2
1Q854
%J62
WEST EAST
40 AJ1Os3
VJ10s6 VK873
o9762 oKJ10
%10743 %95
SOUTH
AAK752
254
0A3
&AKQ8
South West North East
ia Pass INT Pass
2NT Pass 81 Pass
a. All pass
Opening lead: Heart jack.
West opened the jack Of
hearts and dummy's queen lost
to the king. Back came the
three Of hearts, and dummy's
ace won.
Now declarer led the nine of
spades from the dummy, look
ing menacingly at East as he
did so. 1t was good play, and
probably the look was all right
too.
East fell for this bit of ma
larkey by putting UP the ten
Of spades. All of which proves
once more that the wicked flee
when no man pursueth.
Just look at it reasonably.
If South has all three top
spades, is he going to let dunn
my's nine ride for a first-round
finesse? The play is impos-
sible unless South is a lunatic
or a shameless peeker.
Nothing to Gain
If East recognizes that the
deep finesse is impossible he
can see also that he has
nothing to gain from covering
with the ten. Ideally. East
should recognize the situation
without having to give the
matter deep and obvious
thought. He should play q low
trump in a calm, routine style.
AS matters turned out,
South captured the ten and
queen Of spades on the same
trick. He returned a low
trump, forcing out East's eight.
1t was a cinch to get back to
dummy with the jack of clubs
and then lead dummy'S last
trump for q fineSse through
East's jack.
There would be no such fl
neSse if East played the three
of trumps on dummy's nine.
South would wind up losing
two trump tricks together with
q heart and q diamond.
Daily Question
Partner opens with one
spade, and the next player bids
three clubs. You hold:
AJ1O83 0K873 pKJ10 80 5
What do you say2
Answer: Bid three spades.
Partner must make allowance
for the possibility that you
have been forced to stretch for
this raise. If you have a strong
er hand, you should jump to
four spades over the overcall
of three clubs, to show that
your bid is voluntary rather
than forced.
(copyriEht, 1851, Gen. Features Corp)
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

February and May were the
really wet months of 1860, both
producing over six inches of
rainfall.
March contributed some rec
ord breaking data Of its own. 1t
added enough snow to make the
first three months of 1860 the
rsnoWieSt' in modern history,
breaking even the pacesetter
of 1870.
January had only three inches
Of snow. and the weather was
considered very mild until the
middle Of February. Then a u
inch snow storm attacked, fol-
lowed by a two incher.
Thinking the winter was over,
area citizens welcomed March.
But what a TT i tor! March
proved to be the worst vet. with
series OF snow storms that
covered the ground with 209
inches of SNOW. The ground. was
visible only five days in the
long month Of March, and the
zero gree temperature on
March 6 was record Of its
Continued Oh page y
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Frst Favorable Conclusions
Lagoon Study Completion SetLn February

last January it was extended TO
enable the Water Control Board
crew to get a more complete
picture Of the workings OF the la
COON.
The objective of the study is TO
determine the maximum possible
loading which can be used for
the design Of sewage lagoons in
the State of Virginia.
LagOonS had been in Use in the
state for a number of years prior
to establishment of the system
here in November, 1858. But, they
were used to treat industrial
wastes from textile plants, can
neries, and slaughter houses. The
Farmville operation is the first
such installation built for treat
ing sewage.
Other Studies Possible
The mass of data accumulated
in chemical. meteorological and
biological examinations in the
study will not be available until
some time after Wind-up of the
present project Cooley didn t
rule out the possibility Of addi-
tional study.
However. a number Of conclu-
sions have already been drawn
from the study A report. pre-
pared by Cooley and r. r. jon
nings, biologist, reads as follows;
From the results Of, our stud
les the State Department of
Health and the staff Of the state
Water Control Board have agreed
that sewage lagoonS with load
lngS Of 200 persons per acre per
day will hc approved THIS com
parcS With az interim figure of
80. based on recommendation
by the United States Public
Health Service and various other
agencies. Any further upward re
vision Will depend on the cvallla-
ton Of the data now being OBJ
tanned.
Criteria Altered
Also. the requirement that Ia
goons ponds) be located one-half
mile from municipal limits and
ono fourth mile from the nearest
residence have been eliminated.
The crlterla used III setting dis
lance requirements Tor conven.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Tobacco Markets
Will Resume
Sales January 9

Virginia dark-fired t 0 b c 0
markets at Farmville. Blackstone
and Lynchburg viii resume
auctions of the 1860 crop on Jan
uary 9 as originally planned, j.
William Dunnington, president Of
Huntington Tobacco Company at
Farmville, said today.
He spoke for the buyers com
mittee representing all three
markets which concluded that
growers row had season" and
that sufficient leaf could be
marketed TO justify reopemng.
The same committee had an
noumced earlier that unseason-
able dryness and excessive use
Of water in ordering tobacco had
brought the decision not to re-
open until a season arrived.
The Virginia markets closed
for the regular holiday Interrupt
ton on December IS. For the
first time this year. a statewide
agreement in the trade had pro-
vided for a three-week shutdown
during the busy Christmas sea-
son. The three weeks was re-
quested by farmers to permit
more time for getting leaf ready
for marketing.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Farm Conservation At New High
As $33, 800 ACP Aid Gobbled Up

The Use of agricultural conscr-
walton practices will be more
widespread among Prince Ed
ward county farmers than ever
before in 1861 if applicants for
Federal cost-Share aid follow up
their winter intention With spring
practice.
A total of 2ao farm operators.
or one-ln-foui' Of the county eli
glhle li50 farmers. made arpll
cation during the November Is
December II initial sign up, &c
Cordng 10 - C, CAN'T, manager
Of the Agricultural Sterilization
and Conservation office. which
receives the requests,
The applications, more than 10
per cent higher than at any
previous time have already obi
gated the county'S $685. federal
USDA ALLEGATION. However, since
counties are permitted to over
obllgate by Il per cent. CAN'T 5
Office will continue to receive ap-
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

tlonal sewage plants will apply.
The report notes that the coli
form organism reduction is 80 to
80 per cent and that this still rep
resents a high number of organ
iSns being discharged to the re-
ceiving body Of water 1t said
chlorination. and perhaps also
means for removing algae, must
be provided where demanded by
the uses of the receiving stream.
Based on our study of the per-
Torrance of the Farmville ponds
and our previous experience with
ponds treating industrial wastes.
we believe that this method pro-
vides an entirely satisfactory and
economical means for waste
treatment, under conditions where
it may be employed. the report
states.
Information Welcomed
To Farmville. this is good news,
and it may be welcome informd-
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
1861 Flue-Cured
Acreage, 1876

Prince Edward county has re-
ceived a 1861 flue-cured tobacco
allotment of 1886 acres. exactly
the acreage for 1860. Individual
farm allounents for 1861 will re-
main unchanged from. the 1860
crop. the ASC office reports.
The county has 444 flue-cured
tobacco farms, with the average
farm allotment here being 1.8
acres. However, individual allot-
ments range from approximately
a third Of an acre TO 30 acres.
Virginia'S 1861 flue-cured acre
age Will be 71.6l3 acres and the
national allotment is 715,817
acres.
Quotas for fIre-cmed. Sun-cured
and hurley will be announced
shortly.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

rlications until the applications
total S38. $50 the authorized
maximum.
National Program
As long as there s any posi-
bic chance that We can secure
aid for our farmers well take
applications, although on The
oVcroblleatlon portion VIC can't
guarantee funds. CAN'T says.
Tho Federal cost share pro
gram officially known as The
Agricultural Conservation Pro
gram tACPl is q national pro
gram to protect and conserve the
soil and water resources of The
natlon'S farms and ranches TN
dor the program. the USDA
shares the cost Of the practices
approved for the county with III
diyidual farmers.
The most used practices in
Prince Edward County ard the
amount oi coSt-Sllare aid offered
Continued On page y
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

ton TO other communities ord
cred by the State Water Control
Board to formulate pollution
abatement programs that will
eliminate discharge Of raw sew
age into state waters.
The system here, actually three
lakes Ia acres in size. constitutes
a me" MS Of treating sewage by
natural processes of oxidation in
open air 1t was built to serve one
drainage area of the town after
the state directed stoppage of
dumping raw sewage into the APP
pomattox river.
E. L. Quisenberry said. "tenta-
tive plans for building additional
lagoons to handle the rest of the
town hinge upon the findings of
the study. The town manager said
the town built the present lagoonS
for less than the interest would
have been for conventional
Continued on page z
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Pilgrimage For Public Schools Here
Attracts Negroes From Across State
Kings Former
Assistant Heads
List Of Speakers

A freedom pilgrimage for
public school education was to
be held here today at l pm.
with the recently formed Viz
ginia Christian Leadership Con-
ference, the sponsor and the
Prince Edward Christian Asso-
citation, the host.
The Rev. Milton A. Reid, con-
ference president, re e e
again this morning his predic-
ton that more than 1000 per-
sons from around the state would
attend the afternoon program.
Dr.. Ralph Alternately, presi-
dent of the Montgomery, Ala,
Improvement Association, was
to deliver the key address at the
afternoon program at the First
Baptist Church. Theme OF his
talk was Building A Demo
cratic Civilization AmdstSWorld
Ten sions, Frustration and
Fears
The Montgomery minister is
the former assistant to DR.. Mar
tin Luther King. King is now
president of the Southern Chris
tan Leadership Conference of
which the Virginia conference
is affiliated.
Morning Meeting
Mr.. Reid, pastor, of the First
Baptist Church in Petersburg,
said the first public meeting of
the conference organization
would be held here at IL am.
He said, this will be a routine
business meeting i'll which plans
for taking steps to have the pub
lie schools of Prince Edward re-
opened will be ia k en-. The
church sanctuary was nearly
filled at 1870 pm, just prior
to the Herald press time. At
that time only a devotional peri
cd followed by collection of dues
for conference membership had
taken place.
THE big crowd is expected at
the afternoon meeting, Mr..
Reid said. That's the one re-
ported to have been endorsed by
28 organizations in the state. 1t
is also the one to which Cover
nor Almond and members of the
Prince Edward county board of
supervisors received invitations.
Announced Speakers
"Okon Idem, of East Nigeria,
Africa, will bring international
greetings" said Mr.. Reid Other
announced program participants
are Mrs Sarah P. Boyle, of
Charlottesville, the Rev R. G.
Williams, president of the Bap-
list General Association; Mrs.
Vivian c. Mason. representative
Of the National Council of Negro
Continued on page y
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Defenders Laud
Louisiana For
States Rights
Suggest Work
In Education
On Communism

A resolution commencing Lou
isiana was adopted Thursday by
the executive committee and
state officers of the Defenders
of State Sovereignty and Indivi-
dual Liberties, meeting in Farm
vile.
The resolution praised the Of
ficials of the state of Louisiana
for their determined and pat
riotic stand for the sacred pre-
servation of states rights and
individual freedom, exhibited
against the tyranny of federal
power usurped and exer cised by
federal courts in their attempt
to coerce and force Upon the
citizens of the sovereign state of
Louisiana Indignation of the races
in the educational system.
Singled out for praise were
Governor Jimmie Davis, the state
legislative bodies and the organi-
zers of private schools in New
Orleans.
The executive committee also
urged local chapters of Defend
ers to appoint education commit
tees to offer assistance to the
local school boards in providing
information about communism.
The program should Fighlght
the evils of communism and pin
point the concept of states rights
and Americanism.
It was reported thae such a
committee has been organized III
Richmond that has offered It's
services in exposing tie work
ing of the international COM
munist movement.
The text of the resolution was
sent by telegram to the officials
in Louisiana.
New Orleans has been ordered
by federal courts to integrate
two elementary schools there.
All but about 10 white children
have declined to attend the
school and private school sys-
tenn is being established IN New
Orleans.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
National Ne1us Summary
BY H. V. LANCASTER, JR.
Q COMMUNIST FORCES ARE INVADING LAOS
q MORE NEW APPOINTMENTS 0 BELGIAN TROUBLES

first Negro to be picked for a top
Job in the new administration He
is now vice chairman of New
York City's Housing and Rede-
velopment Board and has a Phi.
D. from Harvard.
ANERELL HARTMAN. form
er governor Of New York and u,
S. ambassador to Russia under
President Truman, has been cho-
sen to be an ambassador at-large
in the Kennedy administration
Both Kennedy and his future Sec
rotary of State. Dean Rusk, feel
that they should stay in Wash
ington as much as possible in
stead of travelling frequently as
did the late Secretary of State
Dulles and President Eisenhower
1t will be Hartman job to act
as Kennedy S rowing personal rep
resentative abroad. particularly
in the newly independent nations.
OTHER APPOINTMENTS made
by President-elect Kennedy in
clude: Archibald Cox, Harvard
Continued on page u
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
RoinfoH Almost Normal
December Rated Coolest Month,
March, The Snowiest, In 1860

December was the coolest
month of 1860.
December had to go some to
beat March and February for
the dubious honor, but it made
it. The average temperature for
the month was IS degrees.
The warmest day Of the month
was Dec. s, when the tempera-
ture rose to "A. After that the
bottom dropped out and the
thermometer had difficulty get
ting back up to 80. The coolest
day was a scant one degree on
Dec. %.
Rainfall in December was be-
low normal, in keeping with the
rest Of the fall months. Only
2.09 inches Of rain were mea-
sured in December. according to
E F. Striplin. local weather OBJ
server. That brought the yearly
total to 1862 inches. which is
Just short of the 25 year average
Of 4614.
If the rainfall had been dis
tributed properly we would have
had a good year for crops. -
Striplin commented. AS it was
we had too much moisture III
the spring. and not enough in
the summer and fall We really
ran short in the fall" October
had only l.4l inches. about half
Of what it usually produces; No
vember was 2 inches short with
only Ill inches of rainfall; and
December was also short about
an inch.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Mrs. Bryant Named
Contest Winner

BUCKINGHAM, Jan. 2-Mrs.
Richard Bryant was named
first-place winner III a Christ
mas door decoration contest for
members of the Mt. Zion Home
Demonstration Club. Her door
scene featured a blue spotlight
focused on aluminumfoil on the
door with the words, Peace on
Earth" in red fol1H
Mrs. Raleigh 7. Kendall, was
second place winner. Third
place winner was Mrs. James
Whorley.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
BY BEN BOWERS

A state Water Control Board
study of the lagoon sewage sys-
tenn here is due to be completed
the first of February, according
to c. E. Cooley, engineer in
charge of the study
The agency's study was origi-
nally planned for one year, but
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Years Building
Hits $763,6S4
Here For 1860
Nearly Half
OF 106 Permits
For New Homes

Building construction in Farm
vile and Prince Edward county,
buttressed by December S85, IT'S
total, amounted to S763 ,684 for
1860. It was the fourth highest
annual total recorded.
The construction record for a
II months period was set during
1859 when the total here was
S2Ol 900 higher than this year at
1865 $50.
All of December IA permits
were obtained for construction
in the county. and all but one Of
the permits were for new homes.
Nine of the permits were re-
ported in supplemental form for
work having been started earlier,
but unreported.
so New Homes
Commercial construction here,
as reported throughout the U.
S., was off from a year ago, but
Farmville and Prince Edward
county residential building con-
tinued at a record level. Of 1860 S
total Of lO6 permits, so were for
new homes. During last years
record construction total. 40 per-
mitS were issued for new re-
sidences.
BY county districts, December
permits for new homes were is
sued to:
Farmville Frank Allen. Bill
Wingfield, Jasper Webb. Dale
Webb, Moses and Mary Foster;
Hampden : L. S. Metcalf. Samuel
and Eva Biggers, Walter Lewis,
Kenneth B. Worthy and John and
Billy Helm. Lockett Adam
Watson and DR.. Leroy Smith, and
Leigh :. Wilson Cook.
Nationally. the Commerce De
partment estimated on December
% that 1860 construction will be
two percent below a year ago.
The Department reported "con-
Siderable drop in private re-
Sidental construction. which it
estimated will be "a billion dol
lars below 1859.
Commercial Work
Among major commercial con-
struction here during 1860 were
warehouse, Plumbing and Heat
ing: service station. E. NJ Whit
lock: the rebuilding of Prosept
Equipment Company, DESTROYED
by fire; a new Birckert Oil Com
pany building; the Farmville
Shopping Center, ABC Store, a
new office for W. C. Newman
Company, and a unit in the
I1ON d. VI IJIllCl VI loNS 0CfI4Op1iiIAie
at Main ard High streets.
July and August were 1905
only months with 100000 plus
building totals. They helped make
the July-September quarter the
years best with S271,847 in
values on 81 permits.
Construction at Longwood and
Hampden-Sydney Colleges added
greatly to building activity dur
ing 1860. However. these institu-
tons are not required to file per-
mlts and the dollar value of such
work is not reflected in local
totals. Longwood completed a
dermitary units, South Cunning
ham Hall, and began enlarge
ment Of its library, while Hamp-
den Sydney began construction of
a new library
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
Official Count: 6,747
Powhatan's Real Population Gain
OF Six Per Cent Is Areas Best

is counted among Virginia "ru-
raj" population The 1860 Census
began urban population at
places with a minimum Of $500
persons. The State became "ur-
ban III the decade between the
Continued on page "
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

has been certified to the co''nfv
by the State Auditor OF Public
Accounts, j. Gordon Bennett.
Real Gain 3i2
A bookkeeping transaction
gave Powhatan county credit
for the $40 inmates Of the State
Farm. These went to Goochland
county in 1850 However, the
county registered SIX percent
gain, or 342 persons, without
reference to the State Farm
population. The county 5 prox-
unity on IFS eastern extremity
to the Richmond metropolitan
area Is credited with some Of
this real gain
The official census shows Pow
hatan's Spencer District the
largest of the three magisterlal
districts with 2.a70 persons.
Huguenot District follows with
2.O67 and Macon District is low
est with 1910 persons
AL Of Powhataus population
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

THE PREMIER OF LAOS,
Boun Gum. said Saturday his
country was being invaded in the
northeast by seven battalions Of
communist North Vietnamese
troops. The pro-Western premier,
whose government is being sup
ported with U. S. arms and
money, said his country Preserves
the right to appeal to friendly
countries to defend its ma
tional territory unless the in
vasion is halted. Meanwhile the
Soviet news agency TasS quoted
the North Wet Nam foreign min
istry which termed the invasion
report absolutely false" and an
attempt to calnouflage the in
tervention Of American imperial
lists in Laos. The State Depart
ment issued a statement Satur-
day warning Communist countries
to keep out of Laos.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03
OfficioI Count: 6,747

Powhatan county which eX-
perienced a population gain of
q percent between 1850 and the
1860 Census of Population is the
lone Herald area county show
ing an increase during the dec
ade.
The increase was 1871 per-
sons, bringing the 1860 popula-
ton to- 6,747 from the 5.556
counted in 1850. The final, Of
fetal tally by the Bureau of the
Census is slightly under the I'M
official preliminary count of
6,911 released earlier.
The new total of 6,747 will be
that on which per capita fund
distributions are made. and it
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

PREsIDENT-ELECT KENNE-
DY named a Negro. Robert c.
Weaver, to be head Of the Fed
eral Housing and Home Finance
Agency Saturday. Weaver is the
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1961-01-03

This is the fifth in a series of
articles on the 1860 Census of
Population for Herald area coun-
ties. The next and last article
will give figures for Charlotte
county and summarize The new
population counts on a Herald
area basis.
Evening star., 1961-01-30

the issue Of self-rule into their
own hands. Because of tribal
strife, the U. N. recommended
postponement OF. first legisla-
tive elections scheduled for
this month. Belgium agreed
and set a new election date.
Believing the U. N. wanted to
bring back King Kigeri, now in
Europe. municipal officials hur-
riedly called the Assembly.
The officials met Saturday
In field eneircled by barbed
wire with 10000 looking on.
Loudspeakers kept the onlook-
ers fully informed.
Provisional Interior Minis
ter Makuza. opening the meet
ing, urged participants to give
the country permanent insti-
tutions to avoid chaos. Then
Joseph Gitera, president of the
Provisional Legislative Assem-
bly,, called for abolition OF
feudal institutions and the de-
posing of the King to allow