davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Snow Removal Bill
Held Sound But Futile

be cleaned as soon as melting
permitted.
In his report today. Corpora
ton Counsel Chester H. Gray
told the Commissioners ne felt
the bill would stand UP in court
but added:
II am constrained to. state
that, from q practical stand
point and from past experience.
1t Is unlikely that all persons
controlling abutting property
will clean the sidewalks of snow
and ice nomatter what legisla- :
ton is enacted on the subject"
Mr.. Gray went on to say
that efforts during the last SO
years to come UP with an
effective snow removal law on
the sidewalk area have In large
measure, been q flop.
Today, the Commissioners
indorsed Mr.. Gray's draft bill
with the stipulation that he
add o definition Of who would
be responsible for the sidewalk
cleanup chore. This addition
would spell out responsibility
for properties that are con-
trolled or operated by someone
other than the owner.
Evening star., 1961-03-28

The District Governments
legal staff believes 1t has come
UP with . proposal to make
homeowners responsible for
sidewalk snow removal which
would be both legally sound and
widely ignored.
But with hope that 1t might
do some good, the Commits.
sioners indicated today they
would send the draft bill to
Congress after a minor addition
Is made by the Corporation
Counsel's office.
The draft bill provides legal
penalties-a maximum Of q $50
fine and five-day jail term
for q violation of the snow and
Ice removal requirement.
II the bill is passed. the per-
son responsible for q sidewalk
stretch would be required to
have 1t clear Of snow within the
first eight hours Of daylight
after the storm ended.
II the snow freezes over, the
bill says, the sidewalk must
be sprinkled with some material
such as sand or ashes. The
sidewalk then would have II
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Congressional
Leaders Reflect
Hope on Laos

Democratic congr esSional
leaders emerged from a con-
ference with President Ken
nedy today with a cautiously
hopeful attitude toward the
crisis in Laos.
House Speaker Rayburn re-
ported that "about all we can
say is, that the President and
all of US look on the situation
as hopefully as possible under
the circumstances" -
Mr.. Rayburn added that
whether the situation is good
or bad is another matter"
But he emphasized that the
President is hopeful for a solu-
ton that will be satisfactory to
the United States and It's allies.
Senate Democratic Leader
Mansfield explained that the
President discussed briefly with
the congressional leaders, at q
breakfast meeting, his confer
enceS yesterday with Soviet
Foreign Minister Andrei Gro
myko and in Key West, Fla,
on Sunday with British Prime
Minister Macmillan.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Gunmon Fires
On Yemen's King

CAIRO. Mar. 20 (Ap).-A
new attempt. to assassinste the
Imam Of Yemen was reported
by the Yemeni radio today.
The radio said an uniden-
tiled guflman fired on the
Kings car In the Red Sea port
Of Hodeida yesterday. The
iron-fisted ruler escaped injury
but several Of his attendants
we're wounded, the radio added.
Yemeni troops seized several
suspects.
Last December q bomb was
reported to have exploded in
the Imam's palace at Taiz.
At that time, the Imam COM
plained to Britain, charging
In 4filtrators from British-con-
trolled Alden were responsible.
Some of his political foes are
known 10 have taken refuge in
Alden.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
FINCH
Doctor Consoles
Sobbine Mistress

to urge Mrs. Finch to get Q di-
vorce. She pulled a gun. The
doctor struggled with her and
grabbed 1t from her. but when
he tried to throw it away it
fired accidentally. The dying
Mrs. Finch forgave him, mur-
Take care of the
kids" The defendants fled to
Las Vegas and were arrested
there the next day.. They SAID
the murder kit" was merely a
medical bag brought along be-
cause 1t contained q flashlight.
The couples three murder
trials set a record for any one
case in the memory Of veteran
court observers here. The cost
to the State and the defend
ants, court sources say, prob
ably is about 100000.
The first trial, held in a
shiny, 300-spectator courtroom
in the new $40 million County
Courthouse, drew hordes of
spectators who lined up the hall
awaiting seats. Mystery writer's
and movie stars attended.
It began December IL, 1859,
and spanned 80 days. The jury
deliberated 81 hours and finally
was dismissed March IL as
hopelessly deadlocked.
The second trial started last
June .27 and continued 13S
days. The hung jury was dis
missed November 7 after II
hours deliberations.
The third trial started Janu-
ary 8. The jury began delib-
Grating last Thursday morning
and continued Friday, Satur-
day and yesterday.
The three trials consumed
308 court days, and the threC
jurfes deliberated a total of 12E
hours.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
SEATO

Continued From First Page
be even worse. The alternative
Is that the Communists would
agree to enter a coalition gov
eminent and "integrate" their
Pathet Lao forces into the
royal army. This is certainly
the least the Communists would
settle for in any negotiation
and Is, in fact, the overall
political solution that many
look forward to. In the Asian
view. however, It would be, If
anything, less promising or
permanent than an outright
division Of the country. Inte-
grafton was tried in Laos once
before after the French pulled
out In 1854 with unhappy re-
suits. And there is q strons
suspicion-Shared until recently
BY the United States-that the
Communists would wind up
dominating any government in
which they took part.
How far this Asian revolt
may go depends on how far
future events confirm their
fears. So far as the present
conference Is concerned, they
win press for the firmest stand
by SEATO as a whole and con.
tinue to argue against any
compromise under pressure oi
Communist military force. Fol
his part, Thailand's strongman
Prime Minister Sarit Thanarat
has warned that his country
will take action alone, II neces.
Sary. to keep Laos from fallinl
TO the Communists. And III
seems convinced that the timG
for action Is not far off.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Laos Rebels
Hit Truce Plan

VIENTIANE, Laos, Mar. %
AP) The Pathet Lao rebels
have condemned Western plans
for q cease fire in Laos as q
scheme to kill time while the
United States increases mill
tary aid to the Royal Laotian
army.
/ "a broadcast by the rebel
kadio was monitored last night
as the Laotian civil war SIM
mered down to occasional stir-
mishes. The rebel military adj
vance suddenly halted last
week. Diplomatic negotiations
have since intensified in WASH
Sngton and at the Southeast
Asia treaty organization meet
ing in Bangkok.
One Western official termed
Etl1e current military situation
an unofficial almost cease
fire" Both sides apparently
await the outcome Of big power
talks on Laos.
The Pathet Lao radio said
the Americans want to use the
luil in fighting to help the
Laotian army recover from
grave losses"
sThe United States. while
cIAmoring for q cease-fire, i,
intensifying its military meas.
ures to intimidate the Lao
tians," the broadcast said.
AS evidence it cited move
ments Of United States forces
in the Pacific, the SEATC
meeting, plans for basing Ma
rine helicopterS in nearby
Thailand, and stepped-up arms
deliveries to the Laotian army
Evening star., 1961-03-28
POLICY
LuII in Laos Rebel Activity Noted,
But Soviet Union Continues AirIift
Confined From First Page

Continued From First Page
dication what kind Of cease
fire is envisioned, one declared
by the Laos belligerentS, by
the Soviet Union and the
United States as suppliers Of
arms, by The Soviet Union and
the Pathet Lao, or q cease fire
that is undeclared.
Nor Is it known whether q
ceaSe-fire line would be drawn,
and, If so, where or by whom.
: The decision before Soviet
PREMIER Khrushchev appar-
emily is whether to settle now
for half q loaf in Laos without
further fighting or whether to
try for more.
II he orders q halt to fight
ing now, it appears he can have
half the loaf and still preserve
q good prospect Of getting the
rest Of Laos, or at least par
ticipation in its control through
9 coalition government. with
out further fighting.
Reds Hold 8 Provinces
President Kennedy's map at
his press conference last Thurs
day, showing territory presum-
ably held by rebel Pathet Lao
guerrillas. could be used by the
Communists as a basis for
negotiating q cease-flre line.
II there were q cease fire or
StandStilI in Laos now the
Pathet Lao would control most
Of eight Of the IL Laotian prov
inces. Thus q cease fire could
bring q de facto partition that
would last at least until the
International Control Com
mission and the international
conference worked OUT some
other arrangement.
Armistices in Asia have had
. way Of solidifying into parti-
tions, as In the case Of Korea
and Wet Nam.
This may explain reports
that a Royal Lao government
official has tentatively sug.
gested turning his country into
a union Of federated states"
If Mr.. Khrushchev, on the
other hand, were determined
to see the Pathet Lao rebels
take over Ell Of Laos. he prob
ably would be behaving just as
he has. The Gromyko visit to
Washington and the lull in
fighting in Laos then could be
a calculated stall to put off the
strong response" that Presi-
dent Kennedy has promised IL
the Communist push continues.
Evening star., 1961-03-28

ICBM squadrons in order tC
speed three squadrons Of fixed.
site, buried and protected Min.
utemen. There are so missiles
In each fixed squadron and 80
in . mobile squadron, SO hi
would achieve o net increase oi
so missiles.
Production capacity for Min.
uteman would be doubled b.
expansions Of various plant
facilities.
The Skybolt-a bomber.
carrier, 1000 mile missile
would have its development
funds doubled to about 9iOC
million in the coming fisca
year. This missile Is designed
to extend the useful life Of tht
B-52 heavy bomber, due tG
grow obsolete in the late l96Os
The ground bomber alerI
would be increased from one.
third Of the roughly 1,500-planC
force to one.half Of the force
A standby airborne alert fol
about IS B-52s would be ex.
tended.
Several defense satellites
would get increased develop.
ment money, some command.
and-control facilities would bc
given added protection, anC
one seaborne and one airborns
command post would be added
An added $45 million foI
development Of o non-nucleal
fighter plane for ali three serv,
ices was asked, and modifica,
ton Of the F-l06 fighter plan'
built to carry nuclear weap,
ons-was asked In order to Civ,
1t q non-nuclear capacity.
The Army would get ar1othel
1900 men In order to doubil
its special forces" guerrilla.
war units plus other odds anC
ends Of added personnel. Tit
Navy would get 5000 men, mos
Of them to run the added Po.
laris subs. The Marine CorpI
would. go up by 5000 men, Il
be used for landing teams. Tht
Air Force would get 1000 mer
to handle the added missile ant
the increased ground alert.
The phase-ouc Of the obso,
lescent BAT medium bomber
would be stepped UP by an un.
specified amount, and th,
Spark, pilotless bomber pro,
gram, would be killed.
Cancellation Of the BIT
was q reversal Of q late Eisen,
hover decision, which was itsel
o reversal Of a prior order vir,
tually killing the super bomber
Mr.. Kennedy cut it again to /
skeleton because he though
that at this time it did not rep
resent o significant advancl
over expected ICBMs.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
FINCH
Continued From First Page

C0nttnue0 Er0m ktrsk rage
lowed q woman sheriff's deputy
back to jaila . few floors above.
Under California law the
same Jury Of 10 men and 2
women will. now decree the
penalty. Superior Judge David
Coleman told them to return
to: court for this purpose next
Monday.
First degree murder is pun
ishable by life imprisonment
or death, econd-degree by five
years to life.
The jury had deliberated q
little over 81 hours since last
Thursday morning.
so Spectators on Hand
The end of the three-month
trial-S9 working days in court
came after dramatic swift
ness before about so intent
spectators in q drab, eighth
floor courtroom in the 35-
year-oId Hall Of Justice.
After the verdict was read
Co-prosecutor Grail said:
This restores my faith In
the jury system. This 1.-THE
guilty verdict should have
happened in the first trial"
Maxwell s. Keith, young at
torney who took over DR.
Finch's defense for the third
trial, said: = "''
1--WE are definitely going tc
appeal. I am disappointed anc
surprised over the verdict"
Miss Tregoff's attorney, Don.
aid s. Bringgold, refused tt
comment. n"
The verdict climaxeS a caSt
that attracted Worldwide at
tention since Bunny" Finch
as friends called her, wa
found dead on a xt-dool
lawn.
Accidental, He Claimed.
Prosecutors claimed the ther
wealthy surgeon and his mis-
tresS coldbloodedly killed Mrs
Finch so they could marry
without q costly divorce settle
ment. DR.. Finch testified thu
shooting was an accident.
First, the State charged, thu
defendants hired a Minneap'
oils jailbird, John Patrick Cody
for the job, then carried it out
themselves when he failed tC
lgo through with it.
The State alleged further:
: From o rented love nest II
Las Vegas, New; the two drov'
to the Finch estate at night
They planned to ambush Mrs
Finch in the garage when sin
returned from q social engage
ment. They wanted to make
her death look accidental.
DR.. Finch cracked his wife,
skull with q gun when shI
: stepped from her car. Tn,
Finch maid, Marie Anne Lid
holm. heard the wife scream
and ran in. A melee followed
and when Mrs. Finch ran. he.
husband shot her in the back
Miss Tregoff was equally guilt!
because she carried a 'murdel
; kit" containing potential.
deadly items.
The defense argued:
The couple went there. onl!
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Newman Improves

ROANOKE. Va, Mar. %
(AP).-Dr. Walter 8. Newman,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute
President who suffered q heart
attack last week end, was re-
ported doing fairly well'' In q
hospital here last night.
Evening star., 1961-03-28
DEFENSE
Non-NucIeor Forces
Fail to Get Boost

administration, as it takes three
to four years to develop and
buy new weapons.
THE primary purpose Of our
arms Is peace, not war" the.
President said in his budget
message: ITO make certain
that they will never have to be
used-to deter all wars, gem
eral or limited. nuclear or con-
ventional, large or small--to
convince all potential asgres-
sors that any attack would be
futile-to provide backing for
diplomatic settlement Of dis
putes--to insure the adequacy
Of our bargaining power for an
end to the arms race"
He emphasized flexibility.
control and s1rvivability Of
weapons.
"Our strategic (all-out war;
arms and defenses must be
adequate to deter any delib-
crate nuclear attack on the
United States or our allieS-by
making clear to any potential
aggressor that sufficient re-
taliatory forces will be able to
survive q first strike ana pene-
trate his defenses in order to
inflict unacceptable losses upon
him." he said.
Touching briefly on the mis-
Sile gap,". he said: "It has been
publicly acknowledged for Eev-
eral years that this Nation has
not led the world IN missile
strength" What counts, how
ever, he said. is our total deter
rent power, including both
missiles and bombers. At pres
ent the backbone Of both
American and Soviet strategic
strength Is in bombers.
Our weapons must be able to
survive o first blow land re-.
spond with devastating power" "
he said, because I'VE will not
strike first In any conflict"
Non-nuclear aggressions, he
said, should be confined with.
out risking general nuclear war.
'In the event Of q major ag-
gression that could not be re-
pulsed by conventional forces" I"
he said, I'VE must be prepared
to take whatever action with
whatever weapons are appro-
pirate. But our objective now
Is to increase our ability TO
confine our response to non-
nuclear weapons, and to lessen
the incentive for any limited
aggression by making clear
what our response viii &C.
coTnpliSh."
Step-Up Of POlarIses
In his state of the Union
message. Mr.. Kennedy had an
nounced an acceleration in the
Polaris submarine building pro.
gram to increase fiscal 1861
building from S to 10.
Today he recommended, ad.
ditionally, that the fiscal 1852
program contain provision for
10 more rocket subs, with the
whole construction program
stepped UP to a rate Of IL a
year instead Of the original five.
Under this schedule, Q force
Of 20 Polaris submarines can
be completed and at sea two
months before the present pro-
gram calling for 10 boats, and
two years earlier than would
be possible under the old fiye.a.
year rate" he said.
The President urged &C.
|celeration Of the program to
develop o $500 mile range
Polaris rocket, to make those
weapons available q year earlier.
He said this also would mean
an eventual saving in the pro-
duction Of the second genera
tion Of Polaris missiles, which
would have q 1,500.mile range,
compared with the present,
first generation 1900 mile
weapons.
The increase in personnel Is
based on the Polaris subma-
rine's use Of two alternate
crews Of about .125 men each.
The President asked 10 post
pone installation Of three
railrcad-mounted Minutemar
Evening star., 1961-03-28
DEFENSE
Continued From First Page


installations. Their location
was not disclosed immediately.
The new Mdget contained
no additional money for the
Nike-Ze anti-Ynissile missile.
The Army wanted to put 1t
into limited production. but the
administration went along with
the Eisenhower decision to do
more work on research before.
producing parts Of the only
potential ICBM killer. now in
sight.
In a nutshell, the budget
calls for a significant speed-up
Of production Of massive retail
alton weapons, but only q small
increase in limited war capa-
bflity. The Navy was most
pleased Of the three services.
The Air Force was disappointed
by the probable loss of future
manned bombers, and the Army
was detected when 1t saw the
final figures for small wars.
Seek 2O2 ICBMs
The ICBM shifts were de-
signed TO add 202 ICBMs to the
Nations arsenal by the end Of
1864. This will still not be
enough to close the predicted
missile gap" Of that period,
however. unless Russia levels
off its missile production in the
next year or SO, as predicted by
some Army and Navy analysts.
OF the added missiles, 1872 would
be Polarises. only one-half Of
which would be ready for use
OF any given time.
The biggest surprise in the
budget was the lack Of q sig
nificant shift to non-nuclear,
limited-war forces. Army man
power would be increased by
only 5000 men. The Army had
asked for 55,000-enough to
add three skeleton divisions or
one Strategic Army Corp (mo-
bile) division plus the trans.
port and support forces needed
to make 1t an instantly ready
fighting force.
Research and development
on ron-nuclear weapons waa
not expanded as much as the
Army thought necessary, and
purchase Of new weapons still
was held to o fraction Of the
$l-billion-a-year increase urged
by two generals. The small
amounts Of development and
procurement money indicated
that non-nuclear forces could
not be expanded significantly
during the four-year Kennedy
Evening star., 1961-03-28
The
>
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Evening star., 1961-03-28

Personal loans for any worthwhile purpose
are available at Union Trust In most cases
loans are approved without collateral or
endorsers. Take 10 months (or more) to
repay. Here's all it costs:
Evening star., 1961-03-28
SIumpAidB Bill.
Faces Battle
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
star staff Writer

AAL 1NVASA9AN4 ~ AAA4oSAA
star staff Writer
A 1894 million Federal loan
and grant measure wanted by
President Kennedy to help
areas Of acute business dis.
placement and chronic unel1l-
ployment faced . hard fight in
the House today. But it seemed
likely to fare better than the
administrators minimum wage
proposals did, z
Democratic leaders believed
the Republican-Southern DEM
ocratic coalition win not hold
together as tightly as 1t did
last week In defeating the ad-
ministration's minimum, wage
bill by a one-vote margin and
then passing q conservative
substitute.
Close Vote Due
A close vote nevertheless was
In prospect, probably tomorrow
following several hours Of gen.
eral debate this afternoon. The
showdown. will be between a
Senate-paSsed bill, amended in
one major respect by the House
Banking Committee, and 3 $275
million substitute Endorsed late
yesterday by the House Repub-
lican Policy Committee.
The House. bill change
called for annual congressional
appropriations for the grants
and loans. The bill passed by
the Senate two weeks ago per-
mitted direct payments from
the Treasury, Q method often
criticized by many Republicans
and Southern Democrats.
Sponsors of the House bill
pinned their hopes also on the
elimination Of several proVi.
sions which caused former
President Eisenhower to veto &
$25l million bill last year ant
. larger measure in 1858.
They said they expected Il
gain votes Of some Republican.
who last year objected to tht
so.called .''backdoor spending,
the lack Of q strong ban or
communities "pifating" indus.
try. from others, and to {
''loose" administrative system
and eligibility standards.
Rayburn Not Optimistic
Speaker Rayburn was not 81
optimistic. He predicted only
that the House will pass soTn'
kind Of BILL" Other Influential
Democrats said they expect les
absenteeism on this pending
House test than occurred dur
ing voting on the minimum
wage legislation. They ais,
looked for Republican supper
from Pennsylvania and othel
districts suffering from chroni'
unemployment.
A conference Of House Re
publican members today CAV
substantial support" to tn
G. o. P. substitute, but severa
members served notice the.
would support the administra
ton measure, Minority Leade
Halleck reported.
He said several objectionabl
features Of the 1860 depresset
areas bill had been eliminated
from the present bill, ant
added that this proved tina
former President Eisenhowe
was right in vetotng the meas
ure. Mr.. Halleck said h
thought the Republican Substi
tute would win, but he refuse
to predict the size Of the votG
Rules Committee Chairma
Smith, Democrat Of Virgins
and Representative Colmel
Democrat Of Mississippi. mad
clear at o committee hearin
: yesterday that they dislike
: both the Democratic and Re
! publican bills. But they did nc
} claim they spoke for Souther
, Democrats.
Plan Revolving Fund
The Democratic bill woul
D set up revolving funds totalin
|. $500 million for Federal loar
: -lrepayable with interest b
5 economically depressed com
B lmunities designated as eligibl
. Inv an Arna nMAMval0nwaNVa NVat Al
Evening star., 1961-03-28
Plan Revolving Fund

The Democratic bill would
set up revolving funds totaling
$500 million for Federal loans
repayable with interest by
economically depressed COM
munitieS designated as eligible
by an Area Redevelopment Ad-
Hninistrator in the Commerce
Department. The measure
would permit grants totaling
about @le4 million for public
facilities such as water and
sanitary projects, Nretraining
and occupational training Of
unemployed persons. and tech
nical assistance. A grant would
amount to IS per cent Of the
overall cost Of o community
program or project.
The Republican substitute,
introduced by Representative
Widnall, Republican Of New
Jersey, concentrated on in
dustrial rather than rural
areas. The Democratic bill ap-
Piled to both, but the Repub-
lican plan stipulated so per
cent more loan assistance for
construction Of plants 'in truly
depressed areas" It would
double the amount Of alloca-
tions for occupational training
and retraining.
Contending that the Demo-
cratic bill contained loose and
meaningless criteria for desig-
nation Of rural development
areas" Mr.. Widnall said the
Republican bill authorized
funds for studies by the secre-
tary Of Agriculture to de-
termine . plan that makes
sense"
Evening star., 1961-03-28
10 A9oNrH,PrAN

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