davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-04-17
Still Free and Untomed

Weather experts, prodded by pleas
from a harried public that they "just
don't sit there, but do something" about
the weather, have done their best to
find a way of bridling stormS-but with
little or no success. TornadoeS, hur-
ricanes, snoWStorms and other violent
cavortings Of the atmosphere show that
the weather is still untamed and
defiant of mans efforts to control it.
But the meteorologistS have not given
up hope. They are still trying to
harness the elements, with the help of
science. We fervently wish them well.
The latest reports on progress in
the weather. control field have come
from the Weather Bureau and the Ma
tional AeronauticS and Space Admins
tration. They are not very encouraging.
In response to an inquiry by Senator
Heating Of New York, the two agencies
agreed that little has been gained so
far from the millions of dollars spent
by the Government and industry in
weather-control research. They also
agreed, however, that it would be a
mistake to just sit there and do nothing.
They are certainly right. In this
era Of near-incredible scientific achieve
mentS, 1t would be foolish to believe that
further research in weather control
would be futile. The more man learns
about the Weather-and he is learning
more and more every day, thanks to
weather-eye satellites as we'll as land
based studieS-the better able he will
be to forecast storms and understand
their behavior. And from this increased
knowledge may come eventually dis
coVerieS leading to means of breaking
up or diverting major meteorological
disturbances. We can dream, can't weP
Evening star., 1961-04-17

industry like the rest Of us,
- cut-rate movies, bowling,
meals and cocktails, 90 cut
rate prices at commissaries
and PXS on many items, (9)
relocation, dislocation and
travel allowances, Q0) a 80
day vacation each year with
pay, and Old after he retires
from his underpaid job, priv
ilegeS Of the post which in
clude some Of the above and
free burial when he dies.
These people are under
paid2 Who are they kidding?
Civilian MOOnliKhter
Evening star., 1961-04-17
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Power-Operoted Muscles for Troops
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

Superman" uniforms for
GIs now are being considered
by the Army Quartermaster
Corps.
A proposed power-operated,
mechanical suit literally
would change the ordinary
soldier into something very
like a Superman. The suit
hasn't been developed yet but
has been proposed to the
Army by the Cornell Aero
nautical Laboratory. It's feas-
ability is worth at least an
intensive study, Cornell engi-
neers believe. Something
quite like it might appear in
another major war.
The concept visualizes a me-
chanical structure with a self
contained fuel supply and
power source. 1t would in
crease the wearer's strength
in the same manner as
power-steering and power
brakes in the operation Of an
automobile, according to the
proposal.
Power Operated Limbs
The soldiers hands, arms
and legs would be encased
in power-operated metal
limbs" Normal responses
and senses Of the wearer as
he moved his limbs would
guide the movements of the
mechanical device.
The resultant superman
soldier, Cornell engineers be-
lieve, would be able to lift
heavy pieces of equipment
beyond the strength of a
dozen men. This would have
a significant impact on han
ding heavy military items,
air-dropped cargo and mis-
sile components.
Pertinent comment of an
EXCL is that it's going to
be tough on the "superman"
CT when the "superman"
old man makes his Saturday
morning inspection, with all
the greasing and polishing
of gadgets that may be re-
quired.
ALI that can be said now
Is that ON engineers don't
Evening star., 1961-04-17
Centenary Friction

Ever since plans for the
Civil War Centennial have
been under discussion and for
mutation, I have looked upon
the centennial with pride and
enthusiasm. and have ex-
pected 1t to create a new
unity and closeness between
all sections and all people of
the United States. I could not
conceive Of the possibility,
as some people seem to, that
the commemorations mot
celebrationsD would open
old wounds" or foment Bit
terness or resentment. On the
contrary, I thought this
would give us an opportunity
and incentive to develop a
new sense of pride and
patriotism. I have looked for
ward to some travel in this
connection. and in fact my
husband and I had made
plans to attend the COM
memoration at Fort Sumter
in Charleston on April IL and
attend the meetings and
banquet Of the National Civil
War Centennial Commission
in Charleston on April II and
II. I had thought that the
people Of the United States,
children and adults, would
learn more, both from travel
and reading, about the his
tory Of our country than ever
before. For after all, it is his
tory, 1t did happen, and no
amount of ignoring it can
make it go away. (There is
no vain glorious pride of VIC
tory on my part involved here,
since my grandfather and his
three brothers fought on the
defeated Nde.)
But now Mr.. Kennedy and
the do-gooders. and the
NAACP, have changed all
this. Five States declared
their intention to boycott the
annual centennial conven-
ton in Charleston: they re-
fused to attend, because one
Negro woman from New Jer-
Sey did not wish to occupy
sleeping quarters with her
own race. So the little boys
said in effect If you don't
play my way I won't play"
OF course. it would never do
for a member of the Negro
race not to get what he or
she wants, no matter how
much harm 1t causes, so, under
pressure from the President,
the site Of the convention,
including sleeping quarters,
meetings, and banquet, was
moved from Charleston. This
development has caused me
to lose interest in the whole
centennial. This is not i'm
portant, I realize, to anyone
but me. But I have a real
sense Of the loss of some
thing good, not just for me
but for the country.
Is nothing safe from the
destructive forces of the
minority pressure groups in
this country? I don't even
feel free to sign my own
name, for publication, to this
letter. E.P.
Evening star., 1961-04-17
THE PASSING SCENE
Eichmonn Trials Bizarre Tone
BY RALPH McGHL

NIT suicide-Robert Ley and
Hermann Goering.
One could leave them and
go to the courts trying the
lesser criminals. I recall one
such. He had been in charge
Of one Of the lesser known
concentration camps. He was
charged with having killed
more than 10000 men, wo-
men and children Jews,
Poles, and Balts. They put
him, on the stand.
II did it," he sneered. "It
was a fine life while it lasted.
We had a great time. I have
no remorse. We lost. Now it
is over. Let us be done with
this. I am guilty. Hang me-"
They did. But one does not
forget such a man.
There was another one.
He had sent an estimated
10000 to be executed. They
had gone, Of course, in daily
groups. Many were marched
into long bitches and made
to lie face downward. Sol
diers with automatic rifles
walked along shooting into
the bodies. The dirt was then
scooped back into the ditch.
and the fact that some were
merely badly wounded and
not dead did not concern
them. 1t was not pleasant
to hear the defendant say,
1T was an order. What else
was there to do?"
The stories of the larger
camps are more familiar. The
gas chambers went night and
day-as did the crematories.
Camps Of Despair
If one wearied Of the trials
one could go to the concen-
tration camps made into
rehabilitation centers. There,
still skeleton-thin men, Wom-
an and children were wait
ing out their departure. There
were children who would
never know what became of
their parents. There were
husbands who would never
know what had become of
their wives or children:
mothers who would never
know where or how their
husbands or children had
died.
In the summer of 1859
those newSpapermen who
went to Moscow and Poland
with the then Vice President
Nixon went with Mr.. Nixon
as the Poles showed the
graves of several thousands
OF persons taken into the
forests outside Warsaw and
shot down by the Nazi
guards. (Eichmann was said
to be one Of those who
planned it ALL
Any one who had seen all
that will oppose all the rest
Of his life any Fascist or
Communist groups which
seek to dilute American free
dom by fanatic attacks on
our courts, our constitution
and our individual liberty.
Evening star., 1961-04-17
regard the idea as too futur-
istic for consideration.

regard the idea as too futur-
istic for consideration.
~
The Army is developing it's
own kind of air fleet.
Its planes will be lighter,
slower, of less horsepower,
able to carry greater loads
relative to weight, and de-
signed primarily as adjuncts
to operations of ground forces
in all sorts of terrain. Major
research line towards these
objectiveS, it has Just been
announced, is further de-
velopment of the gas turbine
engine in which already con-
siderable progress has been
made.
Army needs in some re-
spects differ quite materially
from those of the Air Force
or Navy, just as its war Jobs
are different. 1t can leave
bombing cities or military
installations to the Air Force.
Other Advantages Seen
Considering limita t ons
on Army aircraft" says a
progress report. engine de-
velopment has been directed
toward the lower horse
power category and to a form
more suitable to Army re-
quirements. This has been
accomplished by converting
the high energy jet-thrust
to shaft horsepower. Poten-
tial advantages are manifold.
1t has become possible to de-
velop two horsepower per
pound Of weight compared
with one horsepower per 2
pounds in reciprocating en-
gineS. Aircraft can be de-
signed smaller to perform the
same mission or to provide
greater payloads for a given
size.
"Other potential advan-
tages include longer service
life, greater reliability, elm
ination of clutches for hell
copters and lighter transmits
Sions. The development of
gas turbine aircraft in the
lower horsepower field has
been led primarily by the
Army"
Evening star., 1961-04-17
Sciences Role

Ralph McGill quotes a sci
enlist, DR.. Polykarp Kusch,
as running down science. The
way he puts it, the idea that
science, somehow or other,
will see us through is an un-
satisfactory "crutch." Man
must see himself through.
It's time we stopped this
kind Of shadoW-boxing Man
must see himself through, it's
true. but he can be helped
by science. Science does moth
ing by itself; 1t works through
men, the same as history.
History proves nothing; SCI
ence proves nothing, but men
profit from both.
It's true science is not the
worlds Salvation" But nei-
ther is anything else. by it
self. not even religion. It's
what men do with it, which
saves or dooms them.
II we are being warned
against making sacred cows
out Of scientists, that's all
right. We must never forget
that every scientist is an
ignoramus in every field, ex-
cept his own. But he is to be
preferred to those who are
ignoramuSeS in every field.
The scientist is also q man.
and 1t is not to be presumed
that because he is proficient
in his field he won't re-
spect the views of others who
are proficient in theirs.
According to DR.. William
Baker, writing in the Berke-
ley Review, it's too bad scien-
fists do not have the trust
of people and nations in deal
ing with the issues of
peace and war, of feast and
famine, Of life and death in
their temporal forms"
He says he was one Of a
task force that was gathered
officially. with State Depart
ment sanction, at the begin
ming Of 1916. This group came
up with an engineering
truth" that the Soviet Union
would have nuclear weapons
in a certain number Of years
after l946-a number which
they carefully estimated.
Their estimate was off by
little more than a year. and
1t was a conservative eSti-
mate. Nevertheless, those in
charge acted as if we had a
monopoly" in nuclear wea-
pons. They wouldn't listen to
the scientists who knew it
was a phony.
Scientists know there is no
certainty in science, or else
where. Scientific knowledge
is a body Of statements of
varying degrees Of certainty
some most unSure, some
nearly sure, none absolutely
certain. Scientists are used to
this. The world, facing the
possibility of an era blessed
by the fruits of science, or
the possibility that madmen
may misuse new tremendous
powers it has introduced,
must learn to accept the un-
certaintieS OF science. We
can trust scientists who
know their own limitations.
Sidney KOretZ.
Evening star., 1961-04-17
Thank You Note

We should like to take this
opportunity to thank The
Star for the splendid woman's
page feature story which ap-
peared last Sunday about our
bookmobile librarian, Ruth
Mullane. Clare Crawford's
story was sparkling and well
written. 1t aroused interest
in the library and in Miss
Mullane and her work, as
well as in National Library
Week.
Gwyneth Murphy.
Information Specialist, Prince
Georges County Memo
rial Library, %.
Evening star., 1961-04-17
PHqht of Aqed

President kennedy's Con-
greSsional leaders have ad-
vised him that a New From
tier for our aged must await
another resurvey and title
search. There is grave doubt
in the conservative mind
whether those who as par
ents, workers, defenders and
taxpayers. created this Ma
tion'S wealth and greatness,
have any equity in its goals
Of promoting the general well
fare, If our President fights
for the social detectives
pledged by his party. he may
lose or forfeit all hope of a
national program Of basic
noncancellable, nonselective
health security for our aged.
Just wait until next year, he
is told and election year pres
sures will overwhelm the con-
Servative veto. Politics being
the art of the possible, we
would plead with our Presi-
dent to use the year to
confront conservatives with
the mathematics Of the
ocio-economic problems of
our aged. In many recent
forums, his very competent
and factual Assistant Sec
retary Of Health, Education
and Welfare, Wilbur ]. Cohen,
former professor Of public
welfare administration Of the
University of Michigan, has
summarized the mathemat-
ical arguments Of the socio-
economic problem of our aged
and aging population:
From 80 to IS per cent Of
all non-working elderly per-
sons are receiving some kind
of governmental income e
maintenance benefits. About
three-fifthS of all persons SIS
and over had less than 81 900
income in 1857, and another
one-fifth received $1,000 to
$4,000. The average stay of
an aged person in a hospital
is about 21a to 3 times longer
than the stay in the hospital
Of people under IS. The older
persons get the more they use
up their decreasing income;
and, as their health needs in
crease, their available pro-
lection decreases or becomes
prohibitive in cost and totally
inadequate in coverage. Very
succinctly. DR.. Cohen has
posed the socio-economic
health security problem of
our aged attempting to
survive initiation and obli-
gatory nonproduction: Shall
the Nations indivisible purse
underwrite the basic health
security needs of our aged
with public assistance or So
cial insurance?
If Congress decides upon
public assistance, our Nations
indivisible purse must pay the
bankrupting costs of SO de-
finitions of social justice for
one indivisible health security
need. If Congress elects social
insurance there will be one
noncancellable, nondiscrimi-
mating standard Of health
security protection for all.
Mathematics alone will de-
termine what every shoulder
should share in meeting a
common burden which by the
grace of God. each and every
one will carry: This is the in
evitable day of the sunset of
life when our vigor waneS and
once more we become as the
little children we raised and
trusted to carry onward the
torch of being your brothers
keeper.
Thomas E. Mattingly, MD.
Evening star., 1961-04-17

Morning Star of the Refor-
mation"?-H. U.
A. John Wycliffe &c. 1920
1880, English religious re-
former and the first person
to begin the systematic
translation of the Bible into
English. Almost 200 years
before Martin Luther, he ad-
vanced one of the leading
ideas of the Reformation
that the Bible was the high
est source Of truth, and that
1t contained all that was
necessary for mans salvation.
Therefore, he concluded, the
chief element Of worship was
the preaching Of the Gospel.
Evening star., 1961-04-17
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtterS' correct
names and addresses. Al LeL-
ters ore subject to coRdeRSd-
ton. Those not used iptll be
returned only When accom- =
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-04-17

@. Do forest fires ever oc-
cur in AlaSka?-D. w.
A. Alaska has many for
est fires. They have burned
over an estimated 80 per
cent of AlaSka's domain for
est lands during the past so
years. The forest and range
fire season lasts from April
to September. Most Of the
fires are man-caused-orig-
mating in camp fires, ciga-
rettS. land-clearing fires, etc.
Fires caused by lightning oc-
cur north and west of the
Alaska Range. .-
Evening star., 1961-04-17

To any Of the reporters
who covered sessions Of the
Nuremberg trials, the trial Of
Adolf Eichmann is bizarre
only in the cloak-and-dagger
details Of the more-than-a-
decade Of patient search for
the man who was one of those
responsible for the deaths OF
millions Of men, women and
children.
The mind automatically
rejects the word millions. {"
For most of us the word
death conjures up a battle
field, which few have seen, or
the death Of a friend or one
Of the family In which as
much Of the reality of it as
possible Is obscured and
diluted by the undertaker's
arts.
Blueprint of Death
The blueprinted plan of
death which Eichmann and
others carried out as part of
Of the Nazi philosophy of
establishing a super race is
SO massive an operation in
murder that the mind cannot
quite take it in.
Millions? Millions? They
killed millions?"
The answer is yes. They
did. Millions.
No man who sat any time
in the grim old courtroom at
Nuremberg as the trial of the
NaZi war criminals slowly,
tedlouSly unfolded will ever
forget his experiences. Eich-
mann would have been there
had he not escaped.
The witnesses came. Some
were badly crippled from the
tortures inflicted. There were
men and women who had
fingers which looked like
lumpy carrots. They had
been broken and burned in
efforts to extract informa-
ton from them. Others were
mutilated by experimental
operations and tests OF new
surgical techniqueS which the
NaziS hoped could be used on
their wounded in the many
military hospitals.
There were women there
who had been hideously
used. Some had the prison
numbers tattooed on their
arms. Many had been forced
into soldiers brothels.
The representatives Of the
super race were in the de-
fendant'S box - Goering
Hess, Speer. Schacht, Rosen.
berg, Streicher-22 of them
They did not look like SUPER
men. sitting there in their
prison clothing, their faces
aging, the jowlS of the fatter
ones saggtng; the faces OF
the thinner ones lined and
maSklike.
They heard the witnesses
day In and out. Usually they
were silent. Now and then
one would whisper with an
other. Two managed to com
Evening star., 1961-04-17
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKINS SERVIC

rL TES6e can get an anyer by mail question
D. Please ncose stamped enYop
Evening star., 1961-04-17

Q. Who was called 'Ths
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16
Beautieian Groups
Hold Joint Meet

Minneapolis Beauticians Chapter
40 and st. Paul Chapter 270 held
their joint meeting at the home OF
Mrs. Richard (Murleen) Estes,
1887 Oakland Av., on Monday
June IL.
An appreciation party was dis.
cussed as a thank you to the
public for their splendid coopera.
ton in making their style show q
successful event.
Minneapolis chapter 210 received
its state charter as legally organ
lied corporation from the Stat
of Minnesota. Officers on the boar
of directors are Ruby Howelton
president; Katherine White, vic'
president; Yvonne Jones, secretar,
and Murlean Estes, treasurer.
The next meeting Of the join
chapters will be at the home o.
Mrs Sue Collins. 63s Carroll Av.
st, Paul. on Monday July 10, a
8 pm.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16
Mrs. Breeder Returns
From Sons Ordination
In Boston. Moss.

Mrs Florence Breeder, 1909 Oh
son Highway and Mrs. odette
Kemp bf 723 Emerson Av. NJ,
Minneapolis returned home We'd
nesday, June 7, from Boston,
Mass, where they attended the
ordination Of Mrs. Breeders son
James to deacon.
The ordination was held Thurs
day, June 1, at 8 pm. at st. James
Episcopal church, Roxbury, with
the Rt. Rev. Arson Phelps, Jr,.
D. D.. Bishop of Massachusetts,, Of
ficiating.
Presentation Of the ordinand to
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16

former school to Caria Simmons
pursue courses which will lead to
a teachers post.
Carla was one Of the most active
students in her class. She was
president of the Latin club; mem
Der Of A. Choir, had part in oper-
eta, was member Of Speech club,
Paint N Patches, Future Teachers
Of America, International Rela-
tons club, Pep club, Girls League,
Deintot Amies Y-Teens Junior
Red Cross council, Commercial
Girls, Youth Chapter NAAcP and
National Thespians.
Miss Simmons hobbies are read
ing, singing, tennis and some
swimming. She appeared this year
in the St Paul Civic Operas pro-
Of Show Boat"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16
D. PATRICIA BLACK


the coming wedding Of her daught-
er, Dovie Patricia Black to Maur-
ice Haynes. Both are Minneapolis
residents.
The wedding Is scheduled for
June %, at Cincinnati, Ohio the
brides former home. Before the
wedding the couple win be enter
tanned in Chicago by Mr.. Haynes
parents, Mr.. and Mrs Matthew
Buchanan and other relatives.
d. Patricia Black, the bride is
modiste and for several years
was the leading entertainment i'm
pressario, bringing a large number
Of orchestras, singers and other at
fractions to the Twin Cities for
dances and concerts.
Mr.. Haynes, groom IL a former
Minneapolis Mayors Council office
secretary, former Spokesman q
Recorder staffer who II presently
a US. postal employee
The wedding reception win Be
held at the home Of Miss Black
at S6l9 Portland Av., at z pm.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16

Leslie Hughes Central She waa
on the honor roll, active In the
French club, the Pep club, Red
Gross, Junior Achievement, Tri-
cites. She was a lunch-room mont
tor.
She was captain Of the Central
girl Flag Twiriers. a group which
performed before each Central
game.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-06-16

very active In ex- Spencer Smith
ira curricular areas.
He was a member OF the Student
Council. Debate team, B. football.
gymnastics, Junior class play, Ma
tional Thespians, National Foren-
sic League, H-Y, speech club,
Philosophy club.
Spencer ran for Governor OF
Boys State in 1850. He managed
the Emerald Club, a singing group
and was active in he NAACP
Youth chapter.