davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-08-23
Kennedy Keeps Watch
On New Berlin Curbs

nists acts against West Ger
mans.
The Western allies were still
considering ways and means
of getting into negotiations
with the Russians for a peace
full settlement of the crisis, but
nformantS said the exact ap-
proach has not yet been de-
cided upon.
Talks Predicted
Secretary of State Rusk pre-
dicted again at a news con-
ference yesterday that there
will be negotiations"
Il cannot imagine that re-
sponsible governments will let
this matter come to a very
sharply heightened crisis with
out discussions among them, "
Mr.. RuSk said.
Mr.. RuSk declined to specify
any negotiating plans or to
comment on a London report
that French President de Gaulle
was baking at United States
British desires to meet with the
Russians. The Secretary said
public comment by him would
impair success of current inter-
allied consultations.
Other United States inform
ants, however, denied the re-
port of a cleavage between the
French and the other allies.
Mr.. Rusk spoke at a Joint
news conference with Secretary
of the Treasury Dillon, just re-
turned from the inter-Ameri-
can economic meeting at Punta
Del Este, Uruguay.
Mr.. Dillon pronounced the
two-week conference a com
plete success" reported Latin
American leaders truly intend
to carry out far-reaching
economic and social reforms
urged by the United States and
declared their capacity to do
so depends on Congress ap-
proval Of Mr.. Kennedy'S dis
puted long-term foreign aid
bill.
Evening star., 1961-08-23
2U. ). Tanks
Watch Berlin
Crossing Point

BERLIN, Aug. % (AP).-
United States Patton tanks and
a machine-gun squad drew up
and faced Communist forces
across the border with East
Berlin today.
Two United States tanks,
guarded by riflemen, appeared
at the Friedrichstrasse crossing
point, the one the East Ger
man Communists have assigned
to all foreigners who want to
enter East Berlin.
The tanks were under the
command of Capt. Jack C.
Davis, 81, of Tahlequah, Okla.
There was also an armored per-
Sonnel carrier in view.
The armor was operating
with the I'd Battle Group, 9Th
Infantry, which calls itself the
"Go-Go-Guardians."
Hartel Pays Visit
Brig. Gen. Frederick O. Har-
tel, who commands the $500
United States troops now in
Berlin. came down to the Fried
richStrasse for a look at the
situation. An Army helicopter
lowered overhead.
A United States radio jeep
parked only Is yards from a
battery of East German troops
and police guarding the barri-
cadeS. A United States ar
mored truck, its machine-gun
muzZle pointing east, stayed
100 yards from the border.
The move was an obvious
effort to show West Berliners
that the allies are raising a
military fist each time the
Eastern Reds turn on more
pressure.
East Streets Empty
Hundreds of West Berliners
were attracted to the border.
They evidently were glad to
see the troops.
The streets of East Berlin
were relatively empty for such
a section of a great city. Police
and troops stood idly on almost
every street corner.
Evening star., 1961-08-23

people a day put a considerable
strain on East German man
power and upset most of the
calculations of the Communist
economic planners. The fact
that most of the refugees came
from the most productive groups
on farms and in factories was
an additional burden. And when
this flow Of refugees swelled
to proportions nearly 10 times
the daily norm it was inevi-
table that drastic measures had
to be taken to prevent COM
plete collapse.
Stopping the exodus, how
ever. will not in the opinion of
Western experts automatically
solve the problem. Production
on East German farms and
factories is expected to drop
further in the near future, due
partly to the need for mobiliz-
ing a large number of workers
as special security troops.
East Berlin today is largely
patrolled by these paramilitary
troops who would otherwise be
doing more productive jobs.
Beyond this, the showdown in
agricultural production that
followed last years disastrous
experiments in farm collectiv-
ization is expected to continue.
Until now the Communist
regime has been able to claim
that its chronic food shortages
have been the result of leak
age" to the West by un-
scrupulous spectators who sold
their produce for the high
profits of the Western black
market. But since this traffic
was always insignificant, the
real failure of the East German
agricultural program will now
be more apparent than ever
before.
Ulbricht Jailer of All
Above all, Mr.. Ulbricht has
now thoroughly alienated him.
self and his regime from his
people and his labor corps.
Where in the past he has been
simply detested by the majority,
he is now the jailer Of one and
all. And where in the past his
most violent and active opposi-
tion took the road to freedom
in West Berlin, this opposition
is now effectively trapped
where its talents and efforts
can only be directed against
the regime, itself.
In short, while he has solved
the problem of Berlin, Mr.. Ul-
BRIGHT may now be brought face
to face with the real problem
OF his own failure. Until now,
every shortcoming could be
conveniently blamed on the
nefarious activities of Western
agents and on the unfortunate
tendency of his people to leave
home. Today these excuses are
no longer available. And despite
the confident tone of Commu-
mist propaganda, the future of
the East German regime is
anything but bright.
Evening star., 1961-08-23
Raiders Hit Guinea

LISBON, Portugal, Aug. %
(AP).-A band of men invaded
Portuguese Guinea from Sene-
gal and raided Guidage, a
frontier village, Lusitania news
agency said today. The raiders
ransacked and burned a trad
ing store yesterday, the agency
said. There were no casualties.
Evening star., 1961-08-23
Algerian Rebels Killed

ALGIERS, Aug. % (AP).-
Eighteen Algerian rebel fight
ers were killed in a government
operation near Mascara in
Western Algeria, French forces
reported today. They said the
rebel band had been charged
with organizing terrorist at
tackS in the region.
Evening star., 1961-08-23
Brandt Denounccs Move


West Berlin Mayor Willy
Brandt called the new reStric-
tionS of allied military person.
mel to one crossing point a
new humiliation" of the West
ern powers.
A statement by the Western
military commandants on the
new restrictions said:
The latest illegal measures,
announced by the so-called
East German government on
Aug. %, have resulted in a
further sealing off of Last Ber-
lin and East Germany from the
free world.
They are another step in
the unfolding of the brutal and
callouS policy Of the East Ger
man regime.
only 10 days after the in
PRODUCTION Of the measures of
Aug. 13, the East German re-
gime has added further grave
restrictions on free movement
in Berlin.
The new measures aim to
subject West Berlin to the same
oppressive travel control with
in Berlin which the Soviet re-
gime already has imposed on
its own peoples.
THE new measures are fur
ther proof that the East Ger
man Communist regime cannot
tolerate even the simplest hu-
man contacts between friends
and families.
These illegal measures are
contrary to the existing four
power agreement and by flag
rantly disregarding elementary
human rights they show the
contempt of the East German
regime for world opinion.
These three Western COM
mandantS take a most serious
view of the effrontery of the
East German authorities in
warning citizens of West Ber-
lin to keep at a distance of 100
meters 1928 feet) from the sec
tor border, a border which the
Communists themselves have
violated on numerous occasions
in the last few days. The COM
mandants are taking the nee
eSSary action to insure the Sc
curity and integrity of the Sec
tor border"
Crossing Points Reduced
The Communists reduced from
80 to II the crossing points
along IS miles of border be-
tween East and West Berlin on
August l3 and IA.
Today the openings were lin
tied to four for West Berliners.
$4,000 of whom work regularly
in East Berlin. Two more open
lngS were set aside for West
Germans.
Foreigners, including soldiers
and diplomats of the Western
allies, were told to use the one
opening at FriedrichStraSSe.
The net effect was to reduce
the gates from IL to 7.
The Communists also re-
peated a Week-old announce
ment that West Berliners to
enter East Berlin would have
to get special permits from two
offices of the East German
Travel Bureau in West Berlin.
There are. however, no such
East German travel agencies
in West Berlin. Those commut-
ing to work in East Berlin were
still allowed to pass the barri-
cades with only cards showing
they had jobs in the East.
Permits have been requested
for West Germans since last
year.
EaSt-WeSt elevated and sub
way trains across the border
operated as usual. but the only
passengers appeared TO be COM
muterS with jobs in the East.
The Communists. who control
the city-Wide system, since Au-
gust l3 have routed all trains
through the FriedrichStraSse
station where identification of
all passengers is checked.
Rail Cut Threatened
The Com muniSts today
threatened to cut West Berlin s
rail links with the West, over
which much of the Red-sur-
rounded city's supplies travel
Otto Arndt, general manager
Of the East German railroads
Evening star., 1961-08-23
By the Associated Press

President Kennedy was re-
ported today to be keeping a
close watch on reports of new
East Berlin travel restrictions.
Aides declined immediate COM
ment pending a study of Of
ficial dispatches and conSulta-
tions with the Western allies.
A Western Big Four ambas-
sadorial working group which
has been considering the Ger
man issue planned to meet at
the State Department during
the day.
A major consideration for
United States strategists was
just how far the new Red re-
strictiors go. The allies have
been following a policy of tai
loring their reactions to rising
Red presures on Berlin in ac-
cord with the Importance of
Communist acts.
Initial reports indicated the
latest Communist steps at least
amounted to a further viola
ton, in the Western view, of
agreements for free movement
within Berlin.
Passes Required
The Red East German re-
gime said that under it's new
restrictions, West Berliners
would now have to get passes
from the East Germans in
order to enter East Berlin. And
foreign diplomats and occupa-
ton personnel were told they
could enter East Berlin only
through one checkpoint.
After the August 13 Com
muniSt barricade of the East
Berlin border. which had ap-
piled to East BerlinerS and
East Germans, the Western
allies added to their garrison
in West Berlin. Vice President
johnson flew to Germany to
demonstrate United States de-
termination to stand firm.
United States officials tended
to regard any restriction on
Western diplomats and occu-
patton forces in West Berlin
as more serious than Commu-
Evening star., 1961-08-23
BERLIN
Continued From First Page

Americans could see a great
deal of scurrying about, with
many binoculars trained on
them.
Evening star., 1961-02-12
For the meat-and-potat0 man

dC your house,. dsho~us man home to
bbys the bee6es bting
that
word Mons kind
Evening star., 1961-02-16

tronics plant and the counter
espionage that thwarted 1t. It
was close-but that was one
that our side won.
The roles were played
straight without any exaggera-
tionS beyond an occasional ac-
cent. The businesslike methods
employed by Red spies were
detailed with crisp authority
from the FBI files. Each trick
Of the trade was related to an
actual case. all, Of course, de-
MED by the Russians.
The program would have
been routine If presented as
originally scheduled two weeks
ago. Last night it went off like
Paul Revere.
I still can't figure out CBS's
original objections to the script,
but I'm glad they changed
their minds.
Ah 4 \
The News Beat: Fast break
ing developments in the Congo
crisis kept TV news staffs on
the go yesterday and the break
went to CHS.
The network decided to pre-
empt The Clear Horizon (the
horizon is anything but clear at
the moment) and Love Of Life
Evening star., 1961-02-16

yesterday afternoon to televise
Ambassador Adlai Stevenson's
speech. It was able, therefore,
to bring viewers the only on
the-spot report Of the riot In
the visitors gallery.
NBC carried Q report Of the
q. N. action from l to 1:15 pm.
Advice to viewers: Best bet is
still your radio. Dust 1t off.
For TV, keep checking the net
work channels (four, seven and
nine). These are last-minute
decisions to pre-empt and can
not be scheduled in advance in
the newspaper TV logs.
4 = =
Speaking Of news, NBC at
tempted its third White Paper
Report Tuesday night (WRC-
d on the subject Of Panama.
It gave viewers a brief his
tory Of the situation. going back
Evening star., 1961-02-16

to the building of the Canal It
self, explained the buildup of
differences between Panama
mans, descendants Of builders
of the canal and Americans,
contrasted working and living
conditions (including the very
poor and the very rich) and
offered an accounting Of recent
conciliatory measures taken by
this country.
On the minus side: The
splicing together Of interviews
made separately - a terribly
difficult thing to do and be fair
to both parties. The impress
sion given could have been un-
fair to the Army officer. A New
York reporter said he seemed
"pompously derogatory Of a
Panamanian political figure. "
What did MICS reporter-the
one who was there-think?
Evening star., 1961-02-16
TODAY'S RADIO
HIGHLIGHTS

$3.50, WQMR-Concert Hall.
The score Of Exodus" and
other film music is per-
formed by Mantovani and
his orchestra.
sos, WTOP-Capitol Cloak
room. Senator Kefauver,
Democrat Of Tennessee, is
guest.
S:35, WOL-Broadway SHOW
Time. Music from Take
Me Along" with Jack Glea-
son, Walter Pidgeon ana
Eileen Herlie.
Evening star., 1961-02-16
TODAY'S GOOD
MUSIC DIAL

$3.50, WMAL-FM (107.3 Mc.)
Recent Releases. Works
by Handel, Mozart and Pro-
kofiev.
7:O5, WGMS AMIN $50 Kc.
and 1888 Mel - Stereo
Showcase. Giuliani's Con.
certS for Guitar and Strings.
$3.50, WGMS AMIN (S7O Kc.
and 1888 Mc.) - Boston
Symphony Orchestra. Dalla-
piccola's Variations for Or.
cheStra.
1890, WMAL-FM (107.3 Mc.)
Music for the Keyboard.
Works by Brahms, Chopin
and LiSzt.
1901, WWDC - Music Til
Dawn. Saint-Saens' Piano
Concerto No. 4 In c Minor.
Evening star., 1961-02-16

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Wheat Germ provides 22q6 Of an
adults minimum daily require.
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Wheat Germ is not q coneen.
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food. the heart Of the wheat. One
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one. It's like taking vitamins with
out paying high vitamin prices.
Buy IL & 20 OF. vacuum packed
jars in your grocer's cereal de-
partment.
See jar label for Free Recipe
Book offer.
Evening star., 1961-02-16

the Communist spy apparatus
in this country.
Circle Theater's dramatized
story centered around the at
tempted theft Of q secret cryp-
tograph machine at an elec-
Evening star., 1961-02-16
FIN Stations

WRc- -FM-s3.S Me.-S,3O an. 10 I s.n.
WTOP-FM-se.3 Me.-S:1S an to 2:tO G.n.
WASH-FM-sI.1 Me.-T an. to AIS aM.,
MSndsy-sURday.
W0L.FM-eo.1 Me.-s;3o an. 10 mlGAlShE
WFAN-FM-IOo.3 Me- s.m. to MlAaighG
WWDc.FM-1ei.i Me.-2l-hsuF OpsFstiSa.
WeMsFM-ioS.s MS en-. 10 mltHIght;
sstuFday 7 an. 10 I p,m.I Sua6ay Q an
to midnight
WerS-FM-st.9 Ms 10 10 p.m. Sunday
through IhUFsGay.
WBVA-FM-1ss.S Me.-12 assa 70 70 D.n.
WMAL-FM-t0l.j Ms s.n. to t;AS an.
WPee.FM-0s.s Me.-ie s.n. to D.R. Moe
day thFsugh Saturday.
WJMD.FM-9GI Ms en-. 10 u D.n.
weAY-FM-9s.S Me.--s a.m 70 Mldaight.
WAvA-FM--ios.i Me- an. to 10 pm.
Evening star., 1961-02-16
Other AM Stations

WINx-ieeo ke.-2t-heuF 0peEstiOa.
WPIk-I3o ke.-BaylIght sHiy.
WaMR-leso Ke.-0ayight sRiy.
WUsT-iI7o ke-Dsylisht saIy.
WFAx-112e ke.-Dsylisht saly.
WWDc-13s0 Ke.-3l-heuF sPsFatiOH.
WEEL-13Io ke.-3l-hsuF spsFstISs SHeSDt
Msadsy midaIght to 9 an. TussGay.
We0k-i34e ke.-2lhsUT spsTstlOa MsA6ay'
Saturday; Sunday 6 an. 70 midnight.
WEAM-I3se kc.-1l-hsuF sperstlsa eIeSDt
Suadsy midnight to a.m. MSHGay.
WB0N-Islo Ke.-DsyIight saIy.
WPec-1s1o Ke.-DsyIight saiy.
WPRW-1lee M.-DayIight saly.
WeMS-SN Ke.-s an. to midnight; SatBdsy
Ian. to I Pm; Sunday Q an. to mldnl1ht
WAVA-57o ke.-1 an. 70 S:lS p.R.
Evening star., 1961-02-16
ION THE AIR
6. The Spy Packed
!. !. A Super Punch

By BERNIE HARRISON
star Tv Critic

Circle Theater's controversial drama-documentary the
Spy Next Door," postponed by cautious CHS officials
without explanation Tv last night smack in the
middle Of the Congo crisis.
It's impact you 1t. the riot at the U. N, or
President Kennedy could hardly have been dramatic
sobering.
The productions -tinglng suspense came the
Evening star., 1961-02-16

main, from the news outside.
There was hardly any need to
underline the effectiveness Of
Evening star., 1961-07-21
.DIPL LOWATICALLY SPEAKING
:: RonnonionOfficioI
" 7 ellis of our

other Latin American coun-
tries.
The decoration was be-
slowed in gratitude for the
generals hospitality to Span
ish military delegations when
they visited Argentina last
year for celebrations mark
ing the 150th anniversary Of
that country's independence.
Gen. zenarruza was then
the military chief for foreign
visits.
In accepting the tribute,
he gave a long eulogy in
Spanish of Spain's role as
mother to Argentina and the
other Latin American coun-
tries and the spirit Of broth
erhood that exists between
them today.
The honor guest was toast
ed with champagne, then
everyone moved into the
ballroom and dining room
for a reception.
Evening star., 1961-07-21
Annual Dinner
For Servicennen

The Sodality Union Of
Washington will give its an
nual dinner for Washington
area servicemen and women
at 6 pm. Sunday at the
USO Club in Lafayette
Square.
A chicken dinner with all
the trimmings will be served
by the % members Of the
executive board Of the Sodal-
ity Union, headed by Presi-
dent Bern Berard, to nearly
300 members Of the Armed
Forces and their dependents.
Mrs. May Egan, former
president Of the Sodality
Union, Is chairman Of the
dinner committee.
Evening star., 1961-07-21
Cadets Honored
Before Tukeoff

Air Force escort and hai-
son officers for the 1861
Cadet Exchange Program Of
the Civil Air Patrol were en-
tertained at q reception last
night.
Today they leave from
Andrews Air Force Base for
Frankfort. Germany, with
100 of the 1876 United States
air cadets enrolled in this
years program.
Host for last nights re-
ception was Col. David j.
McFadden, AUS retired,
president Of the Washington
Gaslight Club where the
party was held.
Fifteen of the cadets left
with their escort officers
yesterday for three countries
in South America.
Among last nights guests
were ambassadors and air
attaches from the 19 coun-
tries represented in the pro-
gram.
Also present were Mai.
Gen. Lucas C. Beau, USAF
retired, who began the In
ternational Cadet Exchange
IA years ago. and Brig. Gen.
Stephen McElroy, USAF, ma
tional commander Of the
CAP.
On Monday, an equal num-
ber of foreign air cadets will
arrive in New York with
! their escort officers to spend
a fortnight in the United
States as guests of the CAP.
They will visit Washington
August S-11, and call on
President Kennedy on Au-
gust 8.
Evening star., 1961-07-21
Nuns toAttend
Meetings

Sister Marie Pierre, csc,
treasurer at Dunbarton Col
lege, has been awarded o
scholarship to attend the In
stitute on Accounting and
Business Procedures at the
University of Notre Dame
from August 6 to IS. The
institute made the grant.
The National Science Foun-
dation has awarded Sister
Gabrielle Marie, csc, As
sociate Professor Of Mathe-
matics at Dunbarton, q grant
to participate in the Confer
ence for College Teachers Of
Calculus at Washington and
jefferson College. Washing
ton, Pa, from August 20 to
September /.
Evening star., 1961-07-21
Prestige Maker
Sportswear
COOrdinates

Shop now and enjoy truly remarkable savings
on these outstanding buys. Some tUere specially
purchased =. Some svere taken from our own
stock and greatly reduced, but all are handsome.
ty styled and superbly detailed by one of our
taUorite, nationally known makers. Many
colours are included, but not every colour is
available in every size or style. Come in early
for best selection.
Evening star., 1961-06-28
Crime and the Public

Attorney General Robert Kennedy
was Justified in putting some Of the
blame for the nationwide upSurge of
crime on the public. For experience in
most Of the big cities has shown that
the tide Of crime ebbs or flows as
public demand for efficient law enforce
ment wanes or increases.
Mr.. Kennedy rightly contended in
New York interview that new laws
and intensified work by agencies
charged with enforcing the laws can
accomplish little unless there is whole
hearted public support both morally
and financially. Said the Attorney
General: Law enforcement is going to
be as good as the people want 1t.
Well make some progress, but we're
going to have crime and corruption in
the United States as long as the
attitude Of the people remains what it
is" He explained that he meant by
this too-prevalent tendency to accept
crime and corruption as routine evils
unless they happen to hit close to home.
Mr.. Kennedy'S observation, ir1ciden-
tally, was in line with statement in
the FBI'S Uniform Crime Reports that
a major factor in crime control In any
community is "the attitude of the public
toward law enforcement problems" The
crime bulletin added: "It should be
remembered that the amount of crime
committed in community is not solely
chargeable to the police, but is rather
a charge against the entire community"
In other words, 1t is not enough for the
public to take a passive stand against
crime. It should also demand an
effective police force, relentless prose-
cution and stern punishment-an be
willing to pay the cost Of this kind
of law enforcement.
Evening star., 1961-06-28

in which management officials must
"step up to their responsibilities. We
doubt, however, that this is a "respon-
sibility'' which management, any more
than labor, can handle alone. 1t makes
a good deal of sense, for example, that
large numbers of surplus workers in
the automobile industry might be re-
trained in other skills and relocated in
areas where labor is in short supply.
But in any such effort as this, Govern
ment assistance on q broad scale would
seem to be indispensable. Actually, it
will be difficult to assess responsible
tiles" until meaningful solutions them
selves are discovered-a process which
is not easy in the atmosphere of labor
negotiations.
Evening star., 1961-06-28
On Risking War

Richard Nixon, in his Minneapolis
press conference, Is reported to have
said that the United States must risk
war to avoid war" with the Communists.
This is an eye-catching but somewhat
misleading phrase, assuming the ac-
curacy of the report, If it was intended
to apply to the current Berlin discussion.
To the best Of our knowledge, no
one has said or even suggested that we
must not risk war" OF course we
must, and If it becomes necessary we
must not only risk but fight a war. To
say this, however, is not to say that
we should be less than diligent in
searching for means to prevent war,
if such disaster can be avoided without
sacrifice of national honor or some
truly vital national interest. To argue
to the contrary, to say simply that we
must stand firm and that we will
neither explore nor accept any alter
native solution, is an irrational invita-
ton to disaster.
This is what the Berlin discussion
in the Senate is all about. It is an
effort, not to avoid risk of war, but to
find an acceptable alternative to war
before the bridges have been burned
and the day of crisis is upon us. The
effort may fail, of course. But, having
the possible consequences in mind, we
do not understand how officials with
sense of responsibility can do less
than. this.