davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-01

The Washington area can be-
gin bundling up for another
white Thursday" tomorrow.
For the third Thursday in O
row, there will be snow, with
a chance that 1t may approach
the falls of last week (5.S
inches) and two weeks age
CIT inches). the Weather Blu.
reau warned.
The official forecast said
only "snow beginning after
midnight and continuing or
Thursday and probably becom.
ing heavy"
However, by early Afternoon
the bureau reported some
Maryland roads just north o1
the District were becoming
slippery. The fall in those areas
was expected to be less thar
an inch.
Light snow was occurring
from Alexandria northwarc
into Southern Pennsylvania
forecasterS said, but "very lit.
tie" accumulation was expected
from the District southwark.
Things began shaping UP fol
a heavy snow this morning al
a low-pressure system built ur
in Oklahoma. This, plus a high
Evening star., 1961-02-01

Council meeting pointed up
Mr.. Kennedy's determination
to relate major international
decisions Of his administration
to this country's global propa-
ganda aims.
The Presidents second news
conference. originally scheduled
for this morning was reset for
4 pm. to avoid a conflict with
the 10 am. Security Council
session.
S Statutory Members
The council is the Presidents
top advisory board on national
security and defense policy. II
has five statutory members,
the President, the Vice Presi-
dent, the Secretaries Of State
and Defense and the director
Of the Office Of Civil and De-
fense Mobilization.
Participating in today's ses-
sion in addition to these off,
Evening star., 1961-02-01
Lettering Ban
Vio|atedby179
Police Issue Report
On 1st Six Months
BY J. THEODORE CROWN
Star staff Writer

The Districts anti-loitering
regulation of juveniles. in the
first six months Of enforce
ment. has resulted in violation
reports on 179 juveniles, Of
whom 66 were girls.
A police report, issued today
by Inspector John E. Winters,
chief of the departments
Youth Aid Division, covers the
period from last August !
through yesterday.
Although declaring that the
anti-loitering regulation effec-
tive after 10 pm, has brought
about q definite decrease in
offensive group situations after
10 p.m.," the report states that
the overall effect on actual
juvenile delinquency cannot
yet be measured accurtely.
The report compared arrests
Of juveniles in a five-month
period in 1859 to the same
period august through Decem-
ber) in 1860. Juvenile arrests,
not including traffic offenses,
totaled 311 between the hours
of 6 and 10 pm. in the 1853
period. Arrests in 1860 for the
same period jumped to 1888.
Net Increase In Arrests
Arrests made between 10 pm
and S am, Inspector Winters
stated. decreased from 288 in
the 1859 period to 235 in 1860
The decrease In arrests dur
ing the late-hour period, how
ever, is more than offset by
the substantial increase during
the early hours, resulting ir
a net increase of AZ arrests ir
the five-month period in 1850
Robbery arrests of juveniles
rose from % during the 6 tt
10 pm. period in 1859 to 81
during the same hours in 1860
Robbery arrests also increased
but by only IL, during the
late hours in 1860.
The report concludes that the
new laws effect on actua
juvenile delinquency is prob.
lematical."
1.-THE real worth Of the regu-
lation must be measured ir
long-range terms" Inspectors
Winters stated.
On the positive side, he de.
clared, reports from precinct
commanders show that:
!. There has been a definite
decrease in offensive group sit.
uations after 10 pm.
2. There has been an absence
of unsupervised young children
on the streets at late hours oi
the night.
8. Compliance by both par.
ents and children has beer
excellent.
Evening star., 1961-02-01

and still be ready to 60 on o
moments notice. In contrast.
a liquid-fueled Atlas missile
needs constant attention and
requires extensive preparation
before 1t can be launched.
The three-stage Minuteman
has fewer than one-tenth the
critical parts an Atlas has.
Minuteman is smaller and
cheaper than the Atlas but
should be a better weapon. 1t
is not, however. useful for space
exploration.
Fuel Less Dangerous
Minuteman's yellowish brown
fuel is much less dangerous
than liquid fuel. The Minute
man can be deployed on rail-
road cars and safely bounced
around the country. The first
railroad Minuteman is sched-
uled to become operational in
mid-1963. Pest-firing from
railroad cars is scheduled to
begin late this year.
Sixty feet tall and 6 feet in
diameter, Minuteman weighs
about $1,000 pounds, and
travels at $4,000 miles an hour
It can carry an H-bomb.
Its solid fuel is poured into
each stage like so much con-
crete. It cures into a hare
cylinder with a large open core
to provide even burning.
Minuteman is steered by q
new system using directiona
nozzles attached to the tail oi
the rocket motor. The nozzle
directs hot gases left or right
When the Minuteman be.
comes pushbutton operational
it can be controlled by radio
The Air Force said today the
new system will eliminate thu
need for hundreds Of miles oi
expensive underground cable
linking missile sites and thus
save an estimated 100000 pei
missile.
Evening star., 1961-02-01
Crowds Jam
Waterfront
In Recife

RECFE, Brazil, Feb. / (AP).
The hijacked liner Santa
Maria headed in from the
South Atlantic toward Recife
with her 585 captive passengers
today, but stopped short Of the
dock for another parley to de-
termine future action. Crowd.
watched from the waterfront.
A United States Navy spokes-
man announced the develop
ment as President Janio Quad
ros met with his cabinet In
Brasilia, 1000 miles to the
southwest, to decide what to
do about the seized ship.
AS for the rebels themselves,
Mr.. Quadros sent assurances
Of political asylum to their
chief, Capt. Henrique Galvao.
He promised to do anything
more that existing laws permit.
His message did not measure
up completely to Capt. Gal
vao's request to unload pas
sengerS, refuel and return to
sea to continue his fight against
the dictatorial regime in
Portugal.
Caracas Meeting Recalled
The new chief executive,
inaugurated yesterday, radioed
the assurances to Capt. Galvao
and recalled q meeting they
had several months ago in
Caracas, Venezuela. It was in
Caracas that Capt. Galvao
plotted seizure Of the $16.6 mil
lion Portuguese liner in hopes
of starting to unseat PortugaPs
premier, Antonio Salazar.
Mr.. QuadroS showed concern
for the passengers aboard, say
ing:
1--WE accompany with pro-
found feelings the fortunes Of
the hundreds Of passengers who
find themselves under your
guard and responsibility"
The new President, a A.
year-old independent, may
have found Brazil tied up by
international treaty obligations
casting a new light on the case.
Today he told Capt. Galvso:
"You can be sure the rights
of asylum on our territory will
be conceded those who desire
them and anything more that
the laws and treaties in force
permit u.s."
May Be Breaking News
He went on: II reaffirm my
fidelity to the honors Of my
Constitution, my government
and the Brazilian people"
In effect the President
seemed to be telling Capt.
Galvao that he sympathized
with his cause.
The Shipboard conference
continued past noon. Informed
sources said nothing had been
decided on just how to get the
passengers off. One report on
the halt was that the head
quarters Of Brazil's 3rd Naval
District suddenly held up per-
mission for the entry.
The negotiations took place
about three miles off the port.
United States Atlantic Fleet
headquarters said, however,
that the Santa Maria had an
chored 200 yards within Brazil's
three mile limit. There was a
See LINER, Page AS
Evening star., 1961-02-01
ChiI11pEnjoys
Plush Ride
Space Traveller
In Excellent Shape
BY FRANK CAREY


ABOARD USS DONNER AT
SEA. Feb. / (AP).-Ham, the
world-famous space chimpan-
zee, enjoyed all the luxuries Of
an admiral at sea last night.
The 37A-pound male chimp
who yesterday blazed a trail fol-
Americas first human voyager
in space, spent the night in the
fairly plush commodore's quar-
ter'S of this veteran landing
ship dock as it steamed over a
moonlit South Atlantic toward
the Grand Bahamas.
Those quaTters-consisting OF
a four-room suite-are usually
reserved for visiting admirals
commodores and other very
important persons.
Not even the Donner's
skipper, Comdr. Ralph A
Bracket, uses them as a regu-
lar thing.
Sleeps In Cage
It Is true that Ham, the
black haired chimp with white
chin whiskers and a brown face
slept in a cage.
1t is true that Ham waI
placed on the bathroom flool
and was lashed to % the
toilet and (2) the safety rail
The latter Is a device designed
to prevent one from slipping
after a shower aboard a rolling
pitching ship.
But these were merely safet!
precautions aimed at protect
ing a precious Government re
search property. After al
studies of Ham and data trans
mitted to the earth from hi
space capsule may go a lonI
way toward evaluating pros
poets in store for the first maj
to duplicate this chimp's rid
155 miles high above thi
planet.
Maj. Richard Benson, an All
Force veterinary doctor, VIII,
See MERCURY, Page A.
Evening star., 1961-02-01


three untested stages Of o mis-
sile were tested in one flight.
All three solid-fuel stages func-
toned perfectly after the blast
off from Cape Canaveral.
The 58-foot Minuteman
scared down the ocean range
to land on target in the South
Atlantic. The Air Force jubi-
lantly hailed the performance
as an amazing success.
The rise from the launching
pad opened a new era of push
button warfare and Of missile
launching from mobile railroad
cars which will make the Min
uteman the most elusive OF
Americas intercontinental
weapons.
Simplicity Stressed
The Air Force was primarily
interested in the operation o1
the first solid-fuel stage, the
largest solid-propellant rocket
engine ever built. Minuteman
which has a range Of 5000
miles, is designed to reach a.
far as Moscow from launch
sites in the Northern United
States.
Unlike its liquid-fuel prede.
cessors, Minuteman requires NJ
elaborate preparations fol
flight. . Russia is not believed
to have any similar intercon'
tinental missile using solid fuel
The first operational Min
uteman is scheduled to be SCI
in an underground bombproo'
"silo" at Malmstrom Air Force
Base, Great Falls, Mont. II
mid-1962.
Because of Minuteman's sim
plicity, it can sit for month
Evening star., 1961-02-01
n
DenlocratsAdd
Two 10 House
Rules Group
Elliott and Sisk
Numed to Unit;
6. o. P. Also Acts
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
star stan Writer

Armed with a close victory
for enlarging the House Rules
Committee, Democratic leaders
moved quickly today to add two
members to that group.
Representatives Elliott Of
Alabama and Sisk Of California
were the two elected without
dissent at a Democratic Com
mittee on Committees meeting,
members disclosed.
Official announcement, how
ever, was not to be made until
the committee, consisting of
the Is Democrats on the Ways
and Means Committee, COM
pletes action late today on fill
ing vacancies on all House COM
mittees.
The Republican Committee
on Committees also was hold
ing an all-day closed meeting,
but seemed In no hurry to as
sign its additional Rules Com
mittee member as q result OF
the 217-to-212 House vote yes
terday.
Increased to Is Members
That vote increased the Rules
Committee total from IL to Is
The Republicans will have not
only one additional member
but also must fill two vacancies
Republican Leader Halleck
said these vacancies probably
will not be filled until Monday
Those selections, as well as
recommendations for G. o. p
assignments to other House
committees, will be screened
first by a subcommittee. he
said.
The G. o. P. selections for
the Rules Committee seem
likely to be Representatives ST.
George of New York, Hoffman
of Illinois, and Smith Of Cali
fornia.
The extremely close House
vote yesterday in favor Of
Speaker Rayburn's proposal tc
enlarge the Rules Committee
will make a party ratio Of II
Democrats and 5 Republicans
instead of 8 Democrats and 4
Republicans. Mr.. Rayburn's
objective was to curb conserv.
ative control Of the committee
and overcome a possible coali-
ton of Republican and South.
ern Democratic members who
might prevent Kennedy ad-
ministration measures from
reaching the House floor.
Moderate and Liberal
Mr.. Elliott and Mr.. Sisk re-
portedly were recommended b!
Mr.. Rayburn to the Democratic
Committee on Committees a.
the two additional Democrat
for the Rules Committee. Mr.
Elliott, described as a South
ern moderate" has served OF
the Education and Labor Com
mittee, and was especial,
prominent for his sponsorship
of Federal school aid legisla
-tion.
Mr.. SiSk has been one of tn,
most active members Of tn
democratic Study Group, al
Organization of approximate.
100 House Democratic liberals
The struggle that was climaxes
yesterday in the vote for "liber
alizing" the Rules COMMITTEE
was spearheaded originally b,
the DSG.
Earlier today. the still un
See RULES, Page A.
Evening star., 1961-02-01
HOW TO GET
BETTER GRADES

ABSORB WHAT YOU READ, 3D.
vises Dr.. Leslie J. Noson, in his
third article in l5-port series on
how to get better srodes. See
Poae B-6.
Evening star., 1961-02-01
Kennedy Holds First
SecurityCounciI PorIey
BY ROBERT z. CLARK
star Staff Writer

President Kennedy presided today the first meeting
of his National Security Council expanded to include his
newly picked information specialist Edward r. Murrow
Mr.. Murrow, former commentator and television
personality named recently to be director of the United
States Information Agency His presence at the Security
Evening star., 1961-02-01
Minutemon Missile Hits
forget on First Flight
New AF Rocket Soors 1000 Miles;
All Three Solid-FueI Stuges Ienited
BY WILLIAM GRIGG
star staff writer

CAPE CANAVERAL, Feb 1.-The Mnuteman missile
made spectacular debut nerconnental weapon by
hitting target 1000 miles away its first test flight today
The feat advanced the United States long step into the
age Of true pushbutton warfare and confirmed the faith
Evening star., 1961-02-01

the Air Force in the potential
of solid-fuel, as opposed to
liquid-fuel, missiles.
It was the first time In
Americas space effort that
Evening star., 1961-02-01

Somos Satellite Circles EGrth on Key
Missioa. Pass "A
Evening star., 1961-02-01
TIE lAEEATuEn. Full Report
SEi6 "GASH6N' on Puse Az

District and vicinity-Snow beginning after
midnight tonight-And continuing tomorrow
and probably becoming heavy; low tonight
about 20. High and low Of last "a hours:
. High. 50, at pm. yesterday; low. ~. at
am. today.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
Fourth Is Observed
Many Years Ago By
Crellin Residents

Perhaps a critic would say the
flags in this weeks old photo.
graph should be facing the other
way, but the important thing is
that the patriotic spirit was pres
ent in Crellin in 1912 or 1918 when
the picture was taken.
Just before the Fourth OF July
nearly fifty years ago, these five
men, all residents of Crellin, de-
cided the town needed a flagpOle.
Being of a do it yourself nature,
they took to the woods, cut an APP
propriate tree, removed the bark
and finished it, and erected it in
front of the company store. That's
the store in the background, OPP
Grated by the Kendall Supply com.
pany.
Shown in the picture, left to
right, are John Forman, George
Edwards, E. w. Adams, Ernest
Ashby and J. c. Kendall. Formar
Edwards and Adams we're en-
ployCs of the store; Ashby was
a carpenter and supervised the
Job, and Kendall was assistant
postmaster.
The picture belong to Mrs Err
est Glotfelty, of Hutton.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
C.B.Y.F. Meets Recently

The Ten Fold area CBYF met
recently at the Cherry Grove
Church of the Brethren Rev Earl
Harper, pastor, spoke on various
ways Satan has of deceiving youth
today
Officers elected included Dolores
Mcdonald, president; Dwayne
Bloom, vice-president; Rachel
Harper, secretary; Alice Bowman,
treasurer; Robert Hetz, fellowship;
Rita Daniels, citizenship; Sherman
Hetz, witness: Leslie Bloom, faith;
Allen Sines, outreach; Rev. Louis
Bloom, counsellor Mr. and Mrs.
Clyde Bowman, lay counselors
A picnic, to be held at Constitu-
ton park July II starting at l
o'clock, was planned A campfire
and vesper service following the
evening meal will conclude the
affair.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
N E w S
FROM THE
Ruth Enlow Library
BY EDITH BROCK
BY EDITH BROCK

Books in memory of Stuart
Hamill, ST., Harry V. Snyder, and
William G. Mattingly have been
presented to the library recently.
Mrs. Guy Thayer, Sr., Mr. and
Mrs. S. Townshend Naylor, Joseph
limbaugh, George Sanders,
Lowell Loomis, Mr. and Mrs. E.
Ray Jones, Rolyan's, Judge and
Mrs. Neil c, Fraley. Frederic and
Michael Field Mr.. and Mrs Lewis
r. Jones, Roy c. Turney, Truman
C. Bittinger, Mrs Vernie r.
Smouse, Mrs. Beryldine Stan
ton, DR.. and Mrs. H. r. Gibson, A
D. Naylor and Co, the Oakland
Mt. Lake Park Lions Club, George
Stein. Mrs. Bess Norton Lohr and
the V. L. Bassie family have given
books and other materials to the
library.
A model of a church made by the
primary class of the White Church
Bible School has been placed on
exhibit in the young peoples room
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

spindle. The spindle was fixed
horizontally in part Of the spin
ming wheel frame A cord or belt
ran from the large wheel around
groove cut in the Whorl of the
spindle This invention is prob
ably first mentioned in a manu-
script now in the British Museum
| dating from the 14th century, tell
ing of the use of such a wheel in
India And such wheels are still to
be found in use in India today.
The common spinning fibers were
flax wool and silk. Legend has it
that silk was produced and spun
in China as long ago as twenty
seven centuries before the birth
of Christ. The ingenious Chinese
might have used a wheel even be-
fore we find evidence of its use in
India.
These primitive spinning wheels
were turned by the right hand of
the spinster, often using a short
stick, or later in America, a clothes
pin l have found in Garrett Coun-
ty that a number of people are ac-
quainted with spinning. Meshach
Browning wrote in his memoirs:
But they all made their own
clothes. They the early settlers
raised flax and wool, which the
women spun and wove into linen
and linsey for the men, and flan-
mel for their own wear"
There we're two wheels in use
by 1885 for in that year an English
man fixed crank to the wheel
and connected the crank by a shaft
to treadle. At last the lady could
sit down to spin. The small"
wheel was the common flax wheel
and operated by the treadle. Such
an expert researcher as Edwin
TuniS illustrates and explains in
his book that the difference in the
wheels was in their spindles. The
wool wheel used a spindle that
was practically duplicate Of the
spindle used by spinsters in the
ancient beginning of the craft. The
flax wheel had a more complicated
spindle with a fly attached The
fly is two prongs of wood project
ing toward the tapered end of the
spindle from the Whorl and these
are fitted with hooks for catching
the linen thread. The thread is
then wound upon a bobbin revolv-
ing around the main shaft of the
spindle. The rate of turning of the
fly and the bobbin is different.
These bobbins could be removed
when spun full of linen thread. The
tension maintained on linen thread
was much greater than that con-
cerned in the spinning of wool
yarn.
The silkWorm and the spider
produce thread by chemical means
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

ments show that the basic tools
of the spinning craft were the
spindle and the distaff.
In Palestine the principal fibers
used for making cloth were wool
and flax incidentally, flax was
Well-known to the Egyptians. In
the Bible we find that fourteen
hundred years before the birth Of
Christ there is recorded in Exodus
that products of spinning were
worthy of offerings in the taber-
nacle: And all the women that
we're wise hearted did spin with
their hands, and brought that
which they had spun E. :" Solomon
also names the tools of the craft:
She layeth her hands to the spin
die, and her hands held the dis
taft" Which was seven hundred
years after the Book of Exodus
mentions the spun offerings for
the tabernacle.
The spindle used by spinners for
so long was stick about eight or
nine inches long and tapered at
one end. The spindle might be
compared to top operated up
side down. The stick passed
through a clay or wooden flyWheel
perhaps six inches in diameter,
called a whorl, and as the spinster
gave this wheel a turn it spun and
twisted the fibers into thread. The
draft, or unspun material, was
caught around the tapered top of
, the spindle by simple hitch and
the right hand of the spinster held
the spindle suspended by this ma
terial.
The distaff was another wooden
stick and about thirty inches long.
The unspun material of wool or
flax was caught loosely around
this staff which was held beneath
the left arm of the spinster The
left hand of the worker controlled
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
IA Teachers Attend
Workshop Sessions

Fourteen teachers from Garrett
County attended the Arithmetic
Institute held at State Teachers
College, Frostburg from June Ia
through June %.
Purpose of the workshop was to
give teachers some basic content in
arithmetic needed to teach newer
materials.
Mildred Sewers, State Super
visor of Elementary School, DR..
Marvin Volpel, instructor in Mathe-
MATES and r. d. 3eckey, Mathe-
MATES instructor, TowsOn State
Teachers College presented the
new trends
Attending we're Esther ana
Claudine Opel, Esther Yoder,
Zeola Robson, Mason Calls, Gill
bert Savage, John Capel, Phyllis
Williams, Valla Martin, Rosamond
Pavonc, Ella Mace, Dorothy Spaid,
Virginia Hayhurst and Regina
Stark.
The workshop consisted of lee
lures, work sessions, sharing
periods and question and answer
periods.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
Lake Property Owners
To Meet July 8

The Directors of the Property
Owners Association of Deep Greek
Lake are planning a membership
meeting of the Association on July
8 at 1000 a. m. DIST. at the Deep
Creek Lodge at McHenry. At this
time dues will be received and
the $4,000 reward signs be given
upon presentation of membership
cards.
After short business meeting
there will be a speaker and short
film. The speaker, Captain F. NJ.
McCabe, Officer in charge, U. S.
Coast Guard, Marine Inspection.
will talk on Safe Boating Prac
tees.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29
Spindle and DiStaf
BY w. w. Price

Spinning symbolizes the mother
hood of the human race. Women,
in the beginnings of civilization,
learned to twist fibers into con-
tinuous thread. Then they learned
to weave this thread into cloth
Psychologists, searching for clues
to the everyday life of mankind,
found bits of linen and remnants
of fishing nets in the kitchen mid
dens, or trashpiles, of the lake
jewellers of Switzerland. The sci
entists concluded that these bits
of spinning evidence were 10000
years old. Such antiquity is be-
yond our comprehension. Other
records of the human race in
Egypt carved on stone monu-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

the draft coming from the distaff
TO the spindle, but the left hand
controlled this material beneath
the level of the right hand hold
ing both spindle and draft. The
craft of the spinster was concen-
trated in the left hand controlling
the material to be spun and the re-
sulting thread was thus made of
uniform thickness. A picture of
this operation is worth far more
than many words. Such a picture
can be found in that expert text,
Colonial Living" by Edwin Tunis.
Improvement in the craft, or
art. of spinning came very slowly.
This was the invention of the spin
ming wheel mounted to turn the
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1961-06-29

Major breakthrough in curirg