davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-16

aged to weather a bitter battle,
not always behind the scenes,
over demands that the COM
mittee of eight Democrats and
four Republicans be liberal
lied" to overcome a frequent
coalition of conservative DEM
ocrats and Republicans.
The Speaker resisted pro-
posals to purge" Representa-
tive Colmer, Democrat of Mis-
sissippi, although he differed
with Mr.. Colmer on many
issues. He eventually suggested
expansion of the committee by
adding two liberal Democrats
and one Republican. This plan
won in the House by only five
votes and left wounds that
caused trouble later in the
session.
Mr.. Rayburn seldom showed
it, but he repeatedly was hurt
by criticism of his part in the
plan and for any responsibility
he might have had for letting
the situation reach the crisis
it did.
Had Sensitive Trait
In other respects Mr.. Ray
burn sometimes revealed a
sensitive trait that belied a
reputation for occasional
gruffness and relentlessness in
getting results he wanted.
Extension of the East front
of the Capitol, construction of
a huge third House Office
Building, and the clearing of
two square blocks of land east
of the Old House Office Build
ing brought attacks to which
he seemed particularly sensi-
tive in the last few years.
Yet he seldom mentioned it
publicly except for abrupt re-
plies to news conference
queries. He likewise disliked to
be questioned about the ban
he imposed on news telecastS
and picture taking, not only
in the House chamber but at
committee hearings. He strictly
enforced that ban and declared
it never would be lifted as long
as he was Speaker.
He was perhaps most senSi-
tive to what he considered to
be unjust, unthinking or de-
structive criticism of Congress
as an institution. In a public
speech in 1912, for example. he
declared that there was a
studied effort" by some critics
to destroy confidence of the
American people in tn cir
Congress.
1T has been my purpose here
and it will be as long as I am
here" he told the House when
the seth Congress adjourned
last year, and I trust l have
lived up to ito uphold the
dignity and prerogatives of
this House against all winds,
wheresoever they come"
Leader Outside Congress
His achievement as a
Speaker did not overshadow
his position as a Democratic
Party leader outside Congress.
He was permanent chairman
at the 1913, 1852 and 1856
Democratic National Conven-
tons.
At the 1860 convention he
saw it from the floor instead
of the rostrum." He was in
charge of Senator Lyndon B.
Johnson's campaign for the
presidential nomination, just
as he managed a similar cam
paign for Mr.. Garner in 1882.
He did not seem pleased that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-16

! answer was" Mr.. Martin dis
closed. He told them: Speak
against Martin? He'll, if I lived
up that way I'd vote for him!"
Kept Minority Suite
Associates of the two men
said it was friendly consid-
Grafton as we'll as personal
convenience that caused Mr..
Rayburn to relinquish the ira
ditional Speakers private Of
flee suite to Mr.. Martin.
The two had shuttled back
and forth a couple of times
when the G. o. P. controlled
the House in 1918 and 1854
When the time came for Mr.,
Ray burn to return to the
Speakers suite in January
1855, he spread the word that
he would stay put in the smaller
office ordinarily assigned to
the minority leader.
/ Mr.. Rayburn indicated he
was disappointed when Mr.
Martin was defeated for the
House Republican leadership by
Representative Halleck of Indi-
ana. But, according to Mr.. Hal
leck, he never let his personal
feelings interfere with his Off
cial relationship with the new
Republican leadership.
Mr.. Rayburn was known, too
for his courtesy and consider
alton for the rank and file OF
employees at the Capitol. Ele-
vator operators, Capitol police
men. doorkeepers or officials
Of the House all held him III
awe. But they testified thai
he seldom threw his weight
around"
Could Be VitriOlic
Mr.. Rayburn's diSpleaSurt
could be monumental and Wit.
riolic, however, when it came Il
official wrong-doing or disre,
spect of the House. Even IL
melting out reprimands anC
punishment. however, he wa
unwilling to pillory an offend
ing person.
His public silence in severa
such instances provoked criti
cism that he seemed to be try,
ing to cover up incidents tina
might hurt the Democratic
Party or close friends. Associ
: ates maintained that he reall!
was trying to avoid needles
! public humiliation of the per
: sons involved.
He badly was neve
! angrier than the day a we'll
dressed but apparently emo
tionally disturbed W o m a ]
S walked boldly into the Hous
} chamber and up to the Speak
er's rostrum to ask permission
TO speak for one minute
S Speaker Rayburn quietly hat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-16

Colleagues of Speaker Sam
Rayburn will miss not only his
strong leadership, but also his
generous actions and the gen.
tie spirit he tried hard to hide
A manner that was some
times aloof or abrupt went far
to conceal the Speakers many
personal kindneSSeS and his
unwillingnesS to hurt or hu-
initiate.
Associates recall that Mr..
Rayburn, although not a man OF
great wealth, quietly financed
the education of several youths
and helped get others started in
life, asking in return only that
they follow honest and useful
careers.
One of the few times Mr..
Rayburn permitted publicity
about his private contributions
or charities was when he do
mated $1,000 early this year to
a fund for Sergt. Alvin York,
the World War I hero, who was
in i'll health and desperate
straits. Mr.. Rayburn explained
that he hoped his gift would
give impetus to a fund for sat-
isfactory adjustment of an in
come tax difficulty which could
not be handled as a legislative
matter.
Aided Even Republicans
Many a House member, in
Guiding alumni" who went tc
the Senate, testify to the prac-
teal advice they got from
Speaker Rayburn. Such consul
tations, they say, were by nc
means confined to Democrats
One of his warmest persona
friends was a Republican, Rep.
resentative Joseph w. Martin
jr., of Massachusetts,, former
Speaker and House Minority
Leader. They were political OPP.
ponents for 40 years but main.
tanned a mutual respect and CO.
operation that pulled thu
House through many a diff
Guilty.
Naturally we had to MAKE
compromises" Mr.. Martin re-
calls. but never once die
we have anything in writing
on our understandings. You
wouldn't think of such a thinl
with Mr.. Sam. His word wa
his bond"
The two congressional veter
ans also had a gentlemen
agreement that neither woult
campaign in the others dis
trict. Mr.. Martin frequentl,
spoke in behalf of Republican
candidates in Texas, but neve
in the Bonham area.
Massachusetts, Democrat
once asked Mr.. Rayburn t.
campaign in that State agains
Mr.. Martin.
Il found out what Mr.. Sam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-16

youngest. His father rode with
Gen. Robert E. Lee to the sur
render at Appomatox and never
quite forgave the Northerners.
In his long legislative career
Speaker Rayburn never forgot
he was a Southerner, but even
the most eager young liberals
in the House generally con-
Cured with the Northern OBJ
server who once called him "a
Southerner with the curse
taken Off"
Favored Moderation
On controversial civil rights
legislative measures in Con-
gresS Speaker Rayburn sought
moderation but not obstruc-
ton or undue delay. He voted
against a bill to ban the poll
tax and he showed little en-
thusiasm for proposals for a
Fair Employment Practices law
of the type advocated by the
Roosevelt and Truman admins
tration. He opposed a Senate
bill to have the Federal cleo
ton laws cover State pri-
maries.
In some other areas, notably
In labor legislation, he urged
a middle-of-the road approach.
While voting against the Taft
Hartley Act, he did not favor
all Democratic proposals to re-
peal or revise it.
He advised against adoption
of the Forand bill for medical
care to the aged two years ago
but said some legislation of that
kind financed through the So
cial Security System was nee
essary.
On Federal aid to education
he limited his advocacy to
funds for public school con-
struction. But he informed
the Kennedy administration
and the public that he would
not try to prevent passage if
Congress wanted to provide as
sistance to private schools or
for public school teachers sal
aries.
From his earliest years Sam
Rayburn's goal was a career
in Congress. His boyhood idol
was Joseph Weldon Bailey, a
mighty Texas orator and poll
tician of that day. Mr.. Ray
burn recalled that as a lad of
10 he once rode horseback IL
miles to hear Mr.. Bailey speak
After an admittedly Sketchy
country schooling, he worked
his way through the East
Texas Normal School and then
taught school to earn money
for further formal education
In his mid-twenties he sue
ceSsfully ran for the State
legislature. At the age of 20
he was elected Speaker in 1911
in his third term. Then he ran
for Congress and was elected.
Senator Hayden, Democrat of
Arizona, is the only currently
serving member of Congress
who then was there.
Mr.. Rayburn conceded in
later years that he was lucky
to arrive in Washington when
the Democrats took over the
White House for the first time
in Is years and Representative
John Nance Garner of Texas
was a powerful Democratic
leader.
"Brash With President Wilson
The new Representative Ray
burn attracted early attention
with his expert knowledge OF
parliamentary law and eager
ness to work, and an aggres-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-16

siveness which in one instance
apparently irked President Will
son. He called Ct the White
House to inquire why Mr.. Will
son thought it unwise to press
for action on a bill to regulate
issuance of railroad stocks.
When told why, Mr.. Ray
burn grimly picked up his
straw hat and stiffly walked
out after saying; I'm sorry I
can't go along with you Mr..
President" In later years he
wondered how he dared be so
"brash" in talking to a Presi-
dent.
More often than not in later
years Presidents went along
with Mr.. Rayburn when they
wanted a particular must" bill
or a whole program of legisla-
ton to go through Congress.
The Speaker could not always
call the shots or predict exact
results, but he frequently had
a strong hand in enactment,
revision or rejection of admin
stration proposals.
National prominence came to
Mr.. Rayburn when Mr.. Garner
became Speaker in 1881 and
when the New Deal took over
in 1888 with President Roose-
welt and Vice President Garner.
BY that time Mr.. Rayburn
was chairman of the House
Interstate and Foreign Com
MERGE Committee. He sponsored
several of the most momentous
bills of that era, notably those
creating the Securities and Ex-
change Commission, the Fed
eral Communications Commits
sion, the Rayburn Wheeler
Holding Company Act with it's
death sentence" clause, and
the Rural Identification Act.
Elected Speaker in 1910
Mr.. Rayburn had been in
the House 81 years and was
Democratic Leader when he
first was elected Speaker after
the death of Speaker William
Bankhead in 1910. On January
80, 1851, he broke the record
set by Henry Clay who a CEN
fury ago served as House pre-
siding officer for eight years,
1862 days.
Duties of the Speaker include
many things besides holding
the gavel, untangling rarlia-
mentary knots or attending
state functions. Over the years
Mr.. Rayburn quietly and eff
GENTLY built up great power
and influence that earned re-
Spect and attention, even from
members who disagreed with
his views or thought he should
have h ndled matters
differently.
Urged ReasOnableness
His motto was BE reason
able-be fair" And he offered
this advice to congressional
newcomers who hoped to stay
as long as he did:
Keep in mind that you have
two constituencies; the people
who sent you here and the
colleagues with whom you must
serve. You must &pleaSe the
people in your district if you
want to stay here; and if you
want to be in a position which
enables you to help and please
the people of your district you
must also please your col
leagues in the House"
Mr.. Rayburn's most severe
test of his own advice came
early this year on the Rules
Committee problem. He man
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
nodeo Leader
Is Sl-po,,ntl
hmherjack

An 81 pound ambcrja, K
caught aboard Capt. Frank
Ju,IS Hurricane is the larecS:
entry fer November in the ST.
500 Grand Strand Fishing Ru-
Geo sponsored by the Create.
Myrtl" Beach Chamber oc
Commerce.
=. ". Riddle of Greenvillc.
5. O.. made the prize winning
'trh. This is the largest amb-
crack entered in the 1851
Rudru.
\ l2-ouncc 1914 inch radiat-
ID shauny created quite an
lite. st around Alexis Bait s.
Tickle Slup in MurrclIs inlet.
The unusual fish was caught
off Shn"r bv II. c. Strickland
Of Nmrr.ls Inlet, using clark
spoon on 70 hrad line.
Dave Brrucgdr of Columbia
won second place this month
With his 4O-pound 4i2-ounCo
ambcrjack rcclcd-in from
Capt. Pa' Brliamy'S Ron Tom
\ yellow tin tuna wins SO
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
Ut. ROBERT GORE

army ST. Rubcr, Coz.
MH'S" Wife, Della. lives uH
""ol" !, supply. X C.. rcc.n. =
- .''''"''" WIN other per
'.'.' ION .' -"!o i.iantT.
%. 49, So h''N ct II.
''-''f 'L TN. pir'rnlii''
'''', - "' .. "a h"hl"k Island.
ing '.'' exercise. "h."l
.'H ...'H u!II'S from the Army,
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
raining Group at Fort Eustis

Training Group at Fort Eustis.
"A
Fine, AMI other member
H.! hiS un,l aIy r.c.i>mr Ia
wi ual instruction in their
military sp,ci.ltiyS and IA.
PARTICIPATING IN unit .om..t
training. This aCtiVatiun train
ne is designed 10 enable the
t"itn to p,riorn at peak Il
hcl'nc. m wu. ,uvvr cnls,,-
'"'y Gul.s may Dv assigned.
.'hCv 's e boat dispatch
clerk m D., unit.
he Is l.p5 graduate O
-orIS IS. c. IIl-h school ana
" 1919 -ra.U.tc OF Wake FOR
est College, Wins,on-Sal,m.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
.ospi:Gi Heads
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| 81 Business Services and Re
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'n '3n School q. Education:
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
BY ANNE MARSHALL

"'1h mi Which c.!
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wv '''' WI" = VII
According L" D."in =. r.N.-
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Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13

The South's pulp and pepper
industry IN 1860 provided en-
pl"ym"nt FOR more then S1,-
900 PEI. NnS VINO ~"cci.cd .
payroll totaling SiGS million
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13

The pulp and paper mills in
Hesitate Southern area re-
- n Investment OF SOL
.i-on. f,,ri-d has the larg-
It Investment for any on,
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13

state, with mills value / s..
million.
To maintain their continuing
programs to improve comu.n..
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1961-12-13
FAC z"

'".Gc rest
/ -9 "a ru0>r IA lis 81.
South spent a total Of S3i mil
lion during 1860.
Evening star., 1961-03-17
Cunudiuns Fear
Loss of Identity,
Envoy Says Here

Canadians periodically Won
der whether they are losing
their national identity to the
United States, Canadian Am
bassador A. D. P. Heeney told
the Harvard Club Of Washing
ton last night.
Some Canadians are always
worried about this, the Ambas-
sador told the Harvard men,
assembled in the Mayflower
Hotel for their annual dinner.
Some are concerned about los
ing control Of their industries,
some their political independ-
ence and-quoting from a
statement made in 1872-some
think we're on the verge Of
intellectual annexation"
The Ambassador said there
has been a long history of close
relationship between Harvard
and Canada. AS an example he
cited John Kenneth Galbraith,
Harvard economics professor
and President Kennedy'S selec-
ton for Ambassador to India.
Mr.. Galbraith, who also
spoke last night, is a native of
Canada and a naturaliZed
American citizen.
Comparing Cambridge and
Washington, Mr.. Galbraith
said the former is the city of
the larger view" and the Capt.
tai the city Of the "exact in
formation" This brings about
a natural division of labor, he
explained.
Evening star., 1961-03-17
New Jets to Get
Turbofun Drive
By the Associatsd Press

Representative Da ddario,
Democrat Of Connecticut, said
today Pratt & Whitney turbo-
fan engines will power the new
high speed cargo and troop car
rying plane to be developed for
the armed forces by Lockheed
Aircraft Corp.
Mr.. Daddario said the Air
Force advised him these en-
gineS would be used. The turbo-
fan is a jet engine with a pow
cred fan in the air intake Sys-
tenn to boost combustion.
The engine has been used to
power late model B-52 bomb
erS.
Pratt g. Whitney plants,
where the engines will be made
for the cargo craft, are at East
Hartford, North Haven and
Covington, Conn.
President Kennedy an
nounced March 13 award of a
81 billion contract to Lockheed
to develop and produce the
plane. About 100 Of the trans
ports are to be constructed
with delivery Of the first ex-
! pected in 1865.
Evening star., 1961-03-17
Brooks Rops Pentugon
Handling Of Space Rule

chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff.
Deputy Secretary of Defense.
Roswell Gilpatric defended the
decision to increase Air Force
responsibilities for space de-
velopment.
Dangers of Duplication
Mr.. Gilpatric said that dan
gers of duplication of effort and
misuse of resources had
prompted the decision.
He told the committee the
Air Force is issuing a directive
today setting up special liaison
with the Army and Navy to
handle its new responsibilities
for space development.
Mr.. Brooks said a directive
as broad as that issued by Mr..
Mcnamara inevitably has ram
ificationS not confined to the
Department of Defense, but
Evening star., 1961-03-17
U. S. Stops
lntercepting
Propaganda

President Kennedy today
ordered discrimination iInme-
diately Of a program followed
by the Government since 1948
on intercepting Communist
propaganda from abroad.
The action was taken, the
White House said, after the
President had consulted with
Secretary of State Rusk, Post
master General Day, Secretary
of the Treasury Dillon and
Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy.
"a review by the four de-
partments has disclosed that
the program serves no useful
intelligence function at the
present time" the White House
said.
In addition, the White House
said the program also has been
of concern to Secretary Rusk
in connection with his efforts
Ito improve cultural ex-
changes with Communist coun-
tries"
The White House announce
ment revealed that discontinu-
ance Of the program was rec
commended by a committee of
the planning board of the Ma
tional Security Council in a
report of June 90, 1860. The
planning board concurred in
the committees recommenda-
ton, but it was not carried for
ward, the White House said.
While the program began in
1948, it has been carried on
since 1851 by spot checks or
censorship of all mail except
firSt-clasS mail.
Evening star., 1961-03-17

involves policies which should
be considered by the Space
Council"
Vice President Johnson pre-
sides over the Space Council,
of which the Secretary Of De-
fense and the civilian space ad-
ministrator are members.
Mr.. Brooks said he was not
challenging the wisdom Of Mr..
McNamara's decision, but he
said the committee must get a
full understanding Of a decision
whose consequences may be so
far-reaching."
Difficulty on witnesses
Mr.. Brooks said there had
been a certain coincidence Of
difficulty" in getting Mr.. Nc
Namara, the Pentagon director
of research and engineering and
the Secretary of the Air Force
to the hearings "even though
each has offered an excuse"
Mr.. Brooks said he was call
ing a session for tomorrow. The
committee is understood to be
seeking the testimony Of Gen.
Thomas White, Air Force chief
of staff.
The chairman warned that
his committee reserves the
right to subpoena witnesses if
this becomes necessary.
Mr.. Gilpatric testified the
proposal to give the Air Force
overriding authority was pre-
sented to the Army and the
Navy and to the chairman of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Army
Gen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer. Mr..
Gilpatric said a time limit of
one week was set to get their
reactions.
He said the proposal drew
two major criticiSms-that it
would forecloSe the fullest use
of the scientific brainpower of
the Army and the Navy and
that it would encroach upon
the operational responsibilities
of those services.
Mr.. Gilpatric testified he and
Mr.. Mcnamara rejected these
criticisms on the ground that
they were similar to reactions
that had been used in the past
to delay high-level decisions.
Evening star., 1961-03-17

Chairman Brooks of the
House Space Committee today
criticized the Pentagon for ap-
parently by-passing the Ma
tioral Space Council in giving
the Air Force a virtual monop-
oily in military space affairs.
Mr.. Brooks also chided the
Defense Department for foot
dragging" in making officials
available to explain how the
order will affect the Army and
the Navy.
Mr.. Brooks voiced his criti-
cisras at the opening of a hear
ing called to get to the bottom
of the. directive issued by Sec
retary of Defense Mcnamara
March s. The Secretary's deci-
sion overruled objections from
two Of the three military serv-
ices and apparently failed to
receive full approval from the
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1961-03-14
Southern
(oIawTops
Trojans

An old baseball phrase
good field, no hit-might be
easily applied to Gathers
burg's first round perform
ance in losing to Southern of
Garrett County, 51-46, in the
last minute of play in the
State Class a bracket at the
University of Maryland last
Friday.
The Trojans played a bang-up
defensive game, but couldn't
buy an outside basket to break
through Southern's tight zone.
defense and lost control of the
boards in the final minute after
Mike Juden's jumper pulled
Gaithersburg to within a point
of a tie at 45-44.
At that point, husky 6.foot-4
Ron Colaw-who by press box
consensus was the best player
of the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
a missed Southern foul shot,
then grabbed a defensive re-
bound and threw down court 10
team mate Dick Stuck who laid
it in to give the Highlanders a
49-44 lead with a half-minute
left.
Jon Wolfe, who had already
scored IS points for Gathers
burg was fouled in a one-and-
one situation, but missed the
first shot. Southern added two
more foul shots as the Troians
b5ttled for the ball. Juden's sec
ond basket narrowed the gap to
51-46 for the final margin.
1t was not really a five point
ball game. Gaithersburg had the
lead on three occasions and the
game was tied five times.
Southern took a So lead at
the start. The Trojans tied it on
Tommy Fishers foul shot with
4:35 left in the first quarter
and went ahead 9-5 on Wolfe's
rebound and Jimmy Wards
long jumper. Colaw struck for
three quick baskets and South
ern led, 11-9, at the quarter.
Southern moved out to a six
point lead, the largest of the
game, in the second period. But
Wolfe and Fisher combined for
nine points and Fishers layup
put Gaithersburg in front 24123.