davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-02-13
Marines Punned,
Magazine Banned
At Camp Leieune

CAMP LEJEUNE, N. c., Feb
13 (AP).-Maj Gen. Robert B
Luckey, commander of this
huge Marine base. has banned
sale on the base Of a magazine
containing an article he says is
detrimental to the morale and
traditions of the Marine Corps
Evening star., 1961-02-13

The article entitled Harry
Truman was right when he
slammed the Marines" is writ
ten in the March issue Of Cav
alter Magazine by retired Ma
rine Brig. Gen. William B.
Mexican.
Gen. Luckey issued orders
February l that the magazine
not be sold on the base. 1t is,
Of course, available to Marines
off the base.
The Public Information Of
Ifice at Camp Lejeuene said the
Evening star., 1961-02-13

general took the action on his
own initiative and as far as he
knew, no other base had taken
similar action.
A Marine spokesman said the
article disputes several Marine
legends, including a contention
that the Marine hymn is not
factual. In the article, Gen.
Mexican tries to establish that
Marines did not play vital roles
at such legendary places as
Trtpoli and at the Halls of
Montezuma" in Mexico.
Gen. Luckey said he doesn't
Evening star., 1961-02-13
GOLDBERG
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
Of Mr.. Kennedy's plans to
supply extra jobless benefits,
grants to needy children, a
higher minimum wage, and aid
to education. housing and aged
health needs.
Senate Democratic Leader
Mansfield said today he hopes
Congress will take early action
to increase the 81 an hour
minimum wage rate and ex-
tend unemployment compen-
sation benefits in view of the
conditions found by. Mr.. Gold
berg on his tour.
Both measures are expected
to originate in the House, but
Senator Mansfield said he
hoped the Senate could take
Evening star., 1961-02-13

enough Ito get the country Out
Of the recession quickly and
fully"
The ADA called for an i'm.
mediate tax cut of $100 pei
taxpayer. Its statement sale
the country cannot wait unit
April. when Mr.. Kennedy ha:
said the administration will
take another look at the eco.
nomic picture to see If more
drastic action is needed.
Evening star., 1961-02-13
Maryland Ronks 18th
In Teachers Salaries
BY the Associated Press

Maryland ranks oath among
the States in public school en-
rollment and 11th in average
teacher salary. according to a
weekend report by the Ma
tional Education Association.
Maryland's enrolment was
listed at GOT, 1853 students and
its average annual teacher SAL
ary was estimated at $3.50.
Evening star., 1961-02-13

want to contribute to anything
to hinder the morale of the en-
listed men under him and he
felt the article in the magazine
would do Just that.
Evening star., 1961-02-13
Kennedy Back
AfterFog Ba|ks
Copter Flight
By GARNETT d. HORNER
Star Staff Writer

President Kennedy returned
to the White House today after
spending his first week end at
his retreat in the snow-covered
Virginia hunt country.
The presidential party drove
the IS miles back to Washing
ton after heavy fog forced a
change in earlier plans to re-
turn by helicopter.
The fog along the sloppy
roads from Middleburg was so
thick in spots that the auto
mobile headlights had to be
kept on.
AS he President returned to
his desk, the White House an
nounced that he has invited
Prime Ministers Keith j. Hol-
yoake Of New Zealand and Rob-
ert Menzies Of Australia to visit
Washington for informal con-
ferences. Both have accepted.
Mr.. Holyoake will arrive
March 2 and, will call on the
President the next day. That
afternoon he will leave for New
York on his way to London for
the conference of Common
wealth Prime Ministers.
Menzies Due Friday
Mr.. Menzies will arrive on
February % and call on the
President on February "a.
In another action, the Presi-
dent announced his intention OF
appointing Bernard A. Cutler,
former Ambassador to Ceylon,
as United States Ambassador to
Finland.
Mr.. Cutler, a 57-year-old
Foreign Service officer, has
served in Berlin. in Colombo, as
Foreign Service inspector here
and was made Ambassador to
Ceylon in 1859. A graduate Of
Princeton University and the
Harvard Business School, he
entered the Foreign Service in
1929.
The President sent to the
Senate his nomination Of Paul
Burgess Fay, jr., Of California,
to be administrator Of the
Navy, and NaJeeb E. Halaby
to be Administrator Of the
Federal Aviation Agency. Both
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
DeSopio Defeat

When the votes we're counted
Mr.. Wagner had won a resound-
ing upset victory which even en-
quilted Tammany Boss DeSapio
in his own Greenwich Village
bailiwick, the base of his power
in Democratic circles in the city,
State and Nation.
Mr.. DeSapio was defeated for
party leader in the rather tiny
First Assembly District by-of
all things!-a Harvard educated
amateur, 43-year -old James S.
Lanigan.
The Wagner reform victory pre-
saged a major overhaul of the
Democratic organization in the
Nations largest city. with new
county chairmen due to replace
the regular" leaders, who ex-
ercised control for so long.
Representative Charles A. Buck
ley of the Bronx and Joseph T.
Sharkey of Brooklyn have suf-
fered singing defeats, along
with Mr.. DeSapio. Representative
Adam Clayton Powell lost in
fluence in his native Harlem.
That predominantly Negro area
gave its vote to the Mayor. Mr..
Powell backed the loser.
With his decisive victory. Mr..
Wagner would appear to be in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

nationals; this year the figure
probably will be higher.
Looking back at the records
of patents awarded since the
creation Of the Patent office is
to chart the chronological trans
formation Of America and the
rest of the world:
Progress Chort
In 1894, Ely Whitney received
a patent for his cotton gin, which
made possible the development of
the textile industry; Cyrus H.
Mccormick, in 1884, a patent for
his reaper, revolutionizing agri-
culture; six years later, Samuel
F. B. Morse made a giant tech
biological step in tying the peoples
of the world together with the
telegraph.
The telephone, patented in
1876 by Alexander Graham Bell.
further enhanced communica-
ton. Two years later. Thomas A.
Edison, who received 1903 pat
ents in his lifetime, was awarded
Patent No. 200.521 for a "phono-
graph or speaking machine" And
IN 1880 he patented the incan-
descent lamp. truly bringing light
to the world.
In 1906. two brothers, Orville
and Wilbur Wright, got Patent
No. 821, 1893 for certain new and
useful improvements in flying
machines" making the air age
a reality. Another momentous
patent was issued in 1855, on an
1914 application of Enrico Ferrni
and Leo Szilard for a "neutronic
reactor."
Whoever will receive Patent No.
100000. and whatever the in
vention will be, none will dispute
the words regarding the patent
system uttered by former Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower:
"Soundly based on the principle
Of protection and rewarding in
ventors, this system has for years
encouraged the imaginative to
dream and to experiment - in
garages and sheds, in great
universities and corporate labora-
tories. From such exploration on
the frontiers of knowledge has
welled a flood of innovations and
discoveries which have created
new industries and reactivated
old, giving more and more Ameri-
cans better jobs and adding
greatly to the prosperity and
well-being Of all.
North American Newspaper Alliance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

car on a freezing one, may come
up with just the idea"
Sometimes people confuse pat
ents with copyrights and trade
marks. Although all three serve
to protect an individuals rights.
they serve completely. different
purposes.
The copyright protects the
writings of an author against
copying. trademark rights will
prevent others from using the
same name on the same goods.
Specifically, patents are grant,
ed to "the inventor or discover
er of any new and useful process.
machine, manufacture, or any
new and useful improvement
thereof. :"
The preparation and handling
OF patent applications has be-
come such an intricate matter
that the Patent Office feels they
should preferably be done by an
attorney trained in this special
lied practice.
In addition to whatever the
. attorneys charge may be, an APP
plicant has to pay filing fee
of minimum of $50; and an
other $50 is payable to the Patent
Office if the patent is granted.
Not only Americans, but citi-
zens of almost every other ma
ton in the world, including
Russia, have been granted United
States patents. Last year about
5000 patents were issued to foreign
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Secrets Revealed

Mr.. Mcnamara, under question
ing, revealed hitherto secret facts
surrounding the suspension of the
general from his command. When
he was through, most observers
were convinced that Senator Thur
mond had picked an unfortunate
case to dramatic his allegations
of ''muzzling" the military.
An official Army inquiry, it was
disclosed, found that Gen. Walker
had violated the Hatch Act in
trying to influence his troops and
their families in their voting in
last years congressional elections.
Futher, the general had taken
the military equivalent of the
Fifth MISUNDERSTANDING to
answer certain questions on the
grounds Of possible self-incrimi-
nationwide under interrogation.
The Army report noted that
Gen. Walker was "a sincere, deeply
religious, patriotic soldier, dedi-
Gated to the Nation and the Army"
but it also listed him as a member
of the militantly right-wing Birch
Society and called him IAN
eccentric" on the issue of anti
communism,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
The Military:
Test Case

Defense Secretary Mcnamara
last week defended Pentagon
curbs on public speeches by
military officers in testimony
before Senate committee.
For weeks, Senator Thurmond
of South Carolina has been car
rying on a fight against Pentagon
indoctrination for servicemen
policies and what he calls a gag"
on anti-Communist speeches by
high-ranking officers.
The Senator, a member Of the
Armed Services Committee, has
demanded a full-scale investiga-
ton of Pentagon policies and
directives in the matter. Last
week, Chairman Russell decided
to call Defense Secretary Nc
Namara for questioning to de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

tions were sometimes made to
conform to a firm but non
inflammatory" policy toward the
Soviet in effect before the Ken
-Khrushchev summit meet
ing last June.
The military censors, IA of
whom we're identified by Mr.. Nc
Namara in response to a demand
by Senator Thurmond, do not
make policy but merely carry it
out. The Secretary thus insisted
that he himself be held respon-
sible. He promised, too, to con-
tinue vigorous troop indoctrina-
ton program and assured the
committee that there was no
"softness on communism" at the
Pentagon.
Will there be a full-blown inves-
tigation? The Secretary said he
hoped it would not be necessary to
tie up key Pentagon officials
during the present critical world
situation. The committee presum-
ably will make decision at a
meeting scheduled for tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Mail Raise

Under the bill, which is given
a $3.50 chance for passage, a
first-class stamp would go from
4 to 5 cents; airmail from to 8
cents and postcards from 3 to 4
cents.
The Senate, which is facing,
without any great enthusiasm,
it is suspected. a knock-down
fight over whether the so-called
antifilibuSter rules should be lib
eralized. on Friday passed the
administrators bill to create a
permanent Disarmament Agency
within the State Department.
President Kennedy is particu-
larly anxious to get the agency
approved in this session. He re-
portedly feels that, in addition to
its intrinsic merit, it would help
dramatic Americas interest in
peace and arms control at a time
when the Soviet Union is attempt
ing to frighten the West by talk
of superbombs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
THE NATIONAL SCENE

form" movement, and the man
who sought to topple him, State
Controller Arthur Levitt, the can
didate of Tammany Hall.
That the Mayor, whose admin
istration has been rocked by one
scandal after another, should be
the candidate of the "reformers"
led by former Gov. Herbert H.
Lehman and Mrs. Eleanor Roose-
welt, is one of the little ironies of
American politics.
The Wagner record. however,
proved to be more palatable to
more New Workers than the pros
pect of Tammany-created can
didate sitting at the Mayors desk
in Oracle Mansion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Nearby Votes in Congress

NOT VOTING; Randolph, Democrat Of
West Virginia.
HOUSE
HR 5000. Two-year extension of
Federal aid to schools in federally
impacted areas CPL BIS, PL 874
and of the National Defense Edu-
cation Act. Passed under suSpen-
sion of the rules (two-thirds ma
jority required) 1882 ID 221-23;
r 1870, September 6, 1861. The
President did not take a position
on the bill.
FOR: Brewster, Democrat Of Maryland;
Fallon, Democrat of Maryland; Friedel.
crat Of Maryland: Landlord, Democrat
Maryland; Abbitt, Democrat Of virginia;
Democrat Of Virginia; Hardy, Democrat
Of Virginia; Jennings, Democrat Of Vir-
gns Smith DemG %;rstr,s Of p yiEgpRis
publican Of Virginia: Bailey, Democrat
Of West Virginia: Hechler, Democrat Of
Vfsns sasi Of west VS.
einia: Staggers. Democrat Of West Viz
ginia and Moore, Republican Of West
Virginia.
huAANSA' ndIIloOH, DcHOCIdL VI VIZ
NOT VOTING: johnson, Democrat Of
Maryland, and Broyhill, Republican OF
Virginia.
HR 9o33. Foreign Assistance
Appropriation Act Of 1861. Passage
Of the bill. Passed 270-123i
ID 1898; r 90-65), September
5, 1861. A "yea" was vote sup
porting the Presidents position.
FOR: Brewster, Democrat Of Maryland;
Fallon. Democrat of Maryland; Friedel.
Democrat of Maryland; Garmatz. Demo-
crat Of Maryland; Landlord, Democrat
OF Maryland: Matthias, Republican Of
MiaTEylana; DoEning, DEMOCRAT q ., VIZ.
Hardy, Democrat of Virginia; Bailey,
Democrat Of. West virginia; Hechler,
Democrat Of West, virginia: Slack.
Democrat Of West virginia, and Stag
gers, Democrat Of West Virginia.
AGAINST: Abbitt, Democrat OF Virginia;
Jennings, Democrat Of Virginia; Smith,
Democrat Of Virginia; Tuck, Democrat
Of Virginia; Poff, Republican Of Viz
ginia. and Moore, Republican Of West
NOT VOTING: johnson, Democrat of
MARYLAND; Harrison, Democrat Of Vir-
sinia; Broyhill, Republican Of Virginia,
and Kee, Democrat Of West Virginia.
Compiled by Congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

than the hierarchy. A private
poll of Representative Delaney's
district in Queens County, New
York City Che cast the decisive
vote in the Rules Committee
that prevented the administration
bill from reaching the floor
showed that 81 per cent of the
Catholic voters in his own district
favored massive Federal aid to
education.
Kennedy Statement
Some observers believe that
President Kennedy's press confer
ence statement on March in OPP
position to Federal grants and
"acroSs-the- board" loans to private
schools succeeded only in tanning
the religious controversy.
The second major blunder of
the administration, friends of the
bill believe. was its effort. led by
Secretary Ribicoff, to try to make
a deal by offering some aid to
private and parochial schools. Not
only did this fail to satisfy the
Catholic pressure groups but,
more important than that, it an
tagonized Democratic Congress
men from the South and border
States, as well as Eastern Repub-
licanS who could not face their
constituents wrath next fall if
they were to support a bill pro-
viding Federal funds for private
and parochial schools. Democratic
supporters of the Kennedy pro-
gram find it hard to understand
how the Secretary former mem
Der of the House of Representa-
tives, could have been so politically
short righted. The less charitable
accuse him of treating the House
side Of the Capitol as if it were
the Connecticut legislature.
The Committee Situation
Those familiar with the religious
side of Connecticut politics also
point out that during his term as
Governor Of Connecticut, pressure
for State aid to education came
more from the Republican legisla-
ture rather than the Governors
mansion. Even Democratic mem
bers of the House Education Com
mittee found it odd that the
Secretary paid them so little atten-
ton since assuming office even
though they were engaged in fur
thering one of his major pieces of
legislation. Some key Democrats
on the committee even threatened
to vote against the Ribicoff COM
promise proposals.
The public school battle clearly
revealed that the Democratic-led
House, with an ailing Speaker
supported by a majority leader
who has given only token support
even to school construction, could
become a "rudderless body" on
such major administration issue
as large-scale Federal aid to pub
lie schools. In addition, Democratic
Congressman who have labored for
this program for years privately
lament the absence of such former
effective and respected leaders as
Senator Metcalf who, when he was
a member of the House a year ago,
was a thoughtful and powerful
voice in support of Federal aid to
public schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Khrushchev Buster
A Sign Of Weakness?

Closure Of the Berlin sector Dor
der is even more clearly a sign of
Soviet weakness, U. N. people say.
The real motive behind that act
was fear: fear of the outflow Of
manpower and talent, fear Of the
propaganda damage from a con-
tinuing refugee flood, fear Of the
influx of western ideas and
agents, fear of the disaffection
produced by contact with a pros
porous West Berlin.
East Germany is VIGOROUSLY the
weakest and most vulnerable spot
in the satellite empire. Closure of
the sector border was an eloquent
acknowledgment of that weakness.
U.N. diplomats who argue in
this manner do not minimize Rus
sia's achievements in outer space
or the military striking power
which those achievements imply.
No one contends that the Soviet
Union would not be a formidable
adversary in war.
What Western diplomats here
do assert is that there is no occa-
sion for dismay or panic in any
thing that has happened thus far.
In fact, they say, from a strictly
tactical point of view everything
Mr.. KhruShchev has done to date
has been defensive, rather than
offensive, in character.
Like Building q Wall
Testing is comparable to sitting
In a threatening position and
sharpening ones knives. It Is q
defensive act unless or until the
knives are used.
Closure Of the Berlin border
could be likened to building a
Chinese wall. 1t was an effort to
gain full control over a piece of
territory which might otherwise
have been lost. 1t was an illegal
act; but technically it was de-
fensive, not offensive in character.
There have been threats of
offensive acts. Interference with
Western air corridors to Berlin
would certainly be offensive. Any
effort to enforce the decree clear
ing 100-meter belt on the
Western side of the sector border
would obviously have been an Of
fensive act.
But as of this writing, such
threats and gestures have been
words, not acts. Their psyche
logical impact has been great.
But nothing Of what Mr.. Khru-
shchev has done, as distinct from
what he has said, has involved
taking the offensive. He could do
so at any moment, but as Of now,
he has not.
Thus the portrait of Mr.. Khru-
shchev, as drawn here, is that of
a man trying to bolster his own
inadequate strength, clinging
grimly to an empire seething in
unrest, and covering this essen
TALLY defensive operation by an i'm
menSe campaign of bluster. terror,
and attempted intimidation.
The challenge is no less real.
His buster could pay tangible
offensive dividends If it were not
effectively countered. The psyche
logical damage in West Berlin
already is substantial.
But there is no reason to play
into Mr.. Khrushchev'S hands by
accepting his pretense of strength
at face value. The West is being
subjected to a kind of mental
aggression. There has not been,
or at least there has not yet been,
physical aggression. Recognition
of that fact helps to prick the
balloon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

terrine whether such a detailed
inquiry was necessary.
For two days the South Caro-
linian, a major general in the
Army Reserve, attacked. The
Secretary, a cool, self-possessed
man, blunted most sallies, scoring
with the committee, if not with
Senator Thurmond.
One Of the Senator's complaints
has concerned the official Penta-
gon reprimand Of Maj. Gen. Edwin
A. Walker, former commander of
the oath Infantry Division in West
Germany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
By WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer


UNITED NATIONS, N. Yin
all the turmoil over Berlin and
nuclear testing, one highly i'm
portant fact has been widely
overlooked.
It is this: That much of what
Soviet Premier Khrushchev has
done is a confession Of weakness,
or at least Of inadequate strength.
1t is not really a display Of con-
fidence at all.
This Is, of course, precisely the
opposite Of the impression Mr..
KhruShchev- has sought to con-
vey. He has clustered and threat
ened and attempted to intimidate
the world with a giant multi
megaton bomb. He has sought to
portray himself as a great colos-
sus astride trembling globe.
But the facts are very different.
Look first, say Western diplo-
mats here, at the resumption of
Soviet bomb testing. Nothing but
the most impelling military neces-
sity could have prompted Mr..
Khrushchev to undertake course
of action so incredibly damaging
to him in a hundred other ways.
BY his decision, Mr.. Khrushchev
threw out Of the window a major
political victory which could have
been his for the asking at Bel
grade. He undercut seriously his
position in the upcon1ing U. N.
General Assembly, where decisions
of great Importance to him will
be made.
He disillusioned and antag-
onized millions. He in effect con-
fessed to a giant hoax-Russia' S
six-year campaign to outlaw nu-
clear testing.
Speculation on Motive
The only motive adequate to
explain such a step Is the impera-
tive need to develop a vital weapon
or weapons system: the neutron
bomb, an effective antimissile
warhead, or some other similar
instrument. Nothing else could
have been counted upon to bene-
fit the Soviet national interest to
even a remotely comparable de-
gree.
Intimidation Of the West would
have been too problematical an
objective. in and Of itself; intimi-
dalton of the neutralists, too.
ephemeral. Improvement of his
Berlin bargaining position would
not have been sufficient, nor
would the act necessarily have
produced the result. A summit
conference would not have been
anywhere near valuable enough.
and moreover it could have been
obtained in other, cheaper ways.
The only military motive
which would have come close to
justifying Russia's test resump-
ton would have been capitulation
to Chinese pressure. But even this.
by itself, would scarcely have
been a sufficient explanation
and to the extent that it did
apply, it too would have been a
kind of confession of weakness.
Evidence Of Inodequoey
Mr.. Khrushchev clearly had to
test. He needed the military
strength. 1t follows that he did
not already possess it. His test
explosions were and are testimony
to military inadequacy-far more
so than those of the United States.
which did not pay anywhere near
as high q political price for the
act.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10
Politics.:
N. Y.C. Upset

Mayor Wagner on Thursday
won a bitter primary battle
against the regular New York
City (Tammany) Democratic
organization led by Carmine
DeSapiO.
For the last few months, New
Workers and other interested
Americans have been mistreated
to one of the dirtiest gutter fights
in recent political history.
This was the primary campaign
waged between Mayor Robert
Wagner, the choice of the re
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-09-10

Following are the votes Of Mary
land, Virginia and West Virginia
members Of Congress on major
roll calls last week:
SENATE
S 174. Establish a National Will
derneSS Preservation System. Pas
sage of the bill. Passed 1873
Cd 54-2: R 24-6), September 6,
1861. A yea" was vote support
ing the Presidents position.
Butler, Republican Of Maryland; BYRD,
Democrat Of Virginia; Robertson
Democrat Of Virginia, and Byrd. Demo-
crat Of West Virginia.