davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-04-25
Wening-Webb

Mrs. Gesine Wening Of
Munich, Germany announces
the engagement of her
daughter Karin to Mr.. Will
mot Hyde Webb, son Of Mr..
and Mrs. William H. Webb
of Bethesda. Miss Wening
is also the daughter of the
late DR.. Fritz Wening. A
June wedding is planned.
Evening star., 1961-04-25

SompIing roost beef
sandwiches on q re-
cent boat picnic ore
Mr.. HeImut MickIer
and Miss Claude Mo-
chin. The eight Amer
icon Field Service for
eign students ore IiV-
ing in the Virginia and
Maryland areas. They
ore chosen to visit here
with the cooperation
of educators in their
own countries for quoI-
tiles Of character, Ieod-
ership. personality and
odoptobiIity.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
Cohen-Koizen

Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel J
Cohen of Silver Spring an
nounce the engagement OF
their daughter Rita Rycelle
to Mr.. Samuel K aizenr
brother of Mr.. and Mrs
Albert Kaizen of Silver
Spring. An August wedding
is planned.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
BendeI-

Mr.. and Mrs. John E. Ben
del of Fort Wayne. Ind, an
nounce the engagement Of
their daughter Mary Ellen
to Mr.. Lewis c. Hudson, jr.,
son Of Brig. Gen. Lewis C.
Hudson, USMC, and Mrs.
Hudson. A June wedding is
planned.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
ENGAGEMENTS

announce the engagement of
their daughter Mary 10 to
Mr.. George Edward Ramsey
III, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Ramsey, jr., Of Brookville,
Md. A September wedding
is planned.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
Cdssidy-Evuns

Mr.. and Mrs. Lewis J. Cas-
sidy Of Alexandria announce
the engagement of their
daughter Catherine Anne to
Mr.. Daniel James Evans, son
Of Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel T.
Evans Of Chittenango, N. Y.
A July wedding is planned.
Snith-Burke
Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph A.
Smith of Chillum. Md. an
nounce the engagement of
their daughter Ina Frances
to Mr.. Allen /. Barke, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel S. Barke
of Baltimore. A fall wedding
is planned.
Peterson-Rdnsey
DR.. and Mrs. Leonard
Peterson Of Kenwood, Md.
Evening star., 1961-04-25

daughter Rose Eileen to Mr..
Charles C. Milton, son Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles J. Mil
ton of Spring Lake, N. j. A
July wedding is planned.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
Wildy-QuiIIin

Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar A.
Wildly of Arlington announce
the engagement of their
daughter Judy Harrison to
Mr.. Michael Lynch Quillin,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. J. Dirk
sen Quillin of Ocean Cily,
Md. A June wedding is
Y1lopped ss-a.
Evening star., 1961-04-25
Eish-Milton

Mrs. Rose T. Fish of
Chevy Chase, Md, announces
the engagement of her
Evening star., 1961-02-14
keorns Bills Would Curb
History-CuIture Rozinqs

Representative Kearns, Re-
publican Of Pennsylvania, has
asked Congress to protect valu-
able old Washington buildings
on Capitol HILL in all redevel-
opment areas and on Lafayette
Square, from the bulldozers.
By yesterday, he had intro
duced three bills pitting cul-
tural values Of standing prop
erty against potential value Of
new Government. business and
residential centers..
One would allow houses
which are not suhstandard In
redevelopment projects tc
stand. Another would freeze
spending for property acquisi-
tons for building demolition
in the vicinity Of the Capitol
until Q 1862 deadline for q
study Of comprehensive Capitol
Hill planning.
Still q third bill, sponsored
earlier by Mr.. Kearns, could
have the effect Of saving the
Belasco Theater. off Lafayette
Square acrossP Pennsylvania ave-
nue. from the White House
This measure would establish q
Commission on Cultural Re-
sources Of the Nations Capital,
but also would bar expenditure
Of any moneys to raze the Be-
Evening star., 1961-02-14
Clincher Y vote Weighed
On University BroncI,

|of the UNIVERSITY" !" ms. Bun
said.
She said proponents of the
proposed tranSser sshave given
Us no assurance that the supply
|of teachers win not be decreased
because Of this proposed
action"
She said that parents
throughout the State are en-
ragged over the move"
Meanwhile, 1t was reported
that the conversion Of Frost
burg to q university branch
would cost some $SOO, 900. Anew
dormitory. laboratory equip
ment and additional land is
estimated at $705,5OO and adj
ditional operating costs for
books and staff at $1O8,S4O.
Gov. Tawes said he indorsed
the conversion because Of the
need for q liberal arts institu-
ton in Western Maryland and
because 1t has overwhelming
support from the community
leaders in the area.
The Maryland State Teach
ers Association Joined DR..
Pullen in condemning the move.
The MSTA accused the Gov
ernor Of doing "an about face
by indorsing the proposal after
having requested the Legislative
Council to study the Warfield
plan.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
judges Ruling
zoningHi

The Montgomery County
Civic Federation went on record
last night as opposing the COM
ments Of o Circuit Court Judge
In q recent coming case.
The group referred to q
January case in which Judge
James H. Pugh noted that q
large shopping center. q police
substation and Q miniature
golf range had come into an
area since the adoption Of q
master plan.
The judge held that this was
To- change in the neighborhood.
He upheld the county councils
rezoning Of "a acres near the
intersection Of Georgia avenue
and Glenmont-C Colesville road,
from single family residential
to garden apartment.
The federation objected to
the "unwarranted inferences
by prospective rezoning appli-
cants" that police or fire sta
tions change the character Of
q neighborhood. The group
passed q resolution asking the
county council and the Mary
land-National Capital Park and
Planning Commission to ac-
cept "as their present and
continuing policy" the principle
that substations do not Justify
'rezoning Of adjacent" tracts.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
MARYLAND BRIEFS
Rockville
!. Motorists
Obey Law

Recent radar checks in Rock
Vile indicate motorists there
generally obey the law, City
Manager Walter A. Scheiber
reported last night.
The slaring exception. he
told the city council. were
motorists using narrow Atlantic
avenue In the Twinhrook sec
tion. Here. Mr.. Scheiber said.
radar tests during . 15-day
period showed 81 per cent Of
the vehicles violated . posted
,l5-mile-an-hour speed limit.
In other areas where the
newly installed radar system
was used, the city manager
said, results showed most
drivers were law-abiding In
matters Of speed. In the period,
he said, only three speeding
tickets were issued and 1S3
warnings handed out.
A revised plan Of o projected
new Rockville city hall was
presented to the council by the
city manager. The council set
February ~ as the day to make
O decision on the matter.
Evening star., 1961-02-14

lasco for Q new executive office
building until the commission
reported to the President.
At the same time, MIR. Kearns
is seeking White House bless
ing for o broader cultural pro-
gram. He has asked Mrs.
Kennedy to serve as honorary
chairman Of O National Com
|mittee for Art. His idea Is for
cultural leaders Of the United
States to form the committee to
develop q program to protect
cultural interests and awaken
Americans to their own cultural
potential.
Senator Javits. Republican
Of New York, in q similar
move. yesterday gave the Sen
ate legislation to establish q
United States Arts Foundation
to promote the study advance
ment Of the performing arts.
Other local bills introduced
in the Senate yesterday were
to regulate fraternal benefit
groups, unity District welfare
laws. require insurance COM
|panies to report unclaimed
premium payments and to
amend District divorce laws.
AL these bills are repeaters
from the last session Of Con-
gress.
Evening star., 1961-02-14

The motel's well and It's partly
filled swimming pool In front
on the south wing also supplied
water.
Assistant Chief Harry r. Rit-
ter, jr., Of the Accokeek Fire
Co. fell through q roof and
injured his ankle. william
H. Higgs Of the La Plata unit
injured a foot. Both were
treated at Physicians Memorial
Hospital In La Plata.
Mr.. McDonagh said 26 Of the
rooms-19 Of which had been
occupied-were burned out.
The other wing. with 26 units,
and the motel's office and res
taurant were not damaged. Mr..
Akers said the ruined units cost
S. 900 each.
The manager said the guests
were reused so quickly they
were all able to save their lug
gage and clothing.
The guests who were forced
TO flee were put UP for the
night at several other nearby
motels.
Mr.. Akers said the Thunder
bird is owned by William l.
Lang. president Of the Thun-
! lderbird Association, Inc.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
Needy Persons in SouthernMoryIond
Due to Receive Surplus Food Soon

the cost to each Jurisdiction at
about $4,100 a year.
The supervisors agreed that
certification Of needy families
under the emergency program
could be handled through the
county welfare departments.
The supervisor Of the entire
operation would handle the
screening after the program
got going.
MIR. Brugger said that the
food would be available to per-
sons on relief rolls and to those
individuals whose salary Il less
than 800 o month.
This second provision moves
on Q sliding scale, so that q
man with four children would
have to earn more than $210
a month to be turned away.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
GoIIoudet to Seek
100000 in Drive

Gallaudet College. Florida
avenue and Seventh street NE,
the worlds only college for
the deaf, today announced q
drive for 100000 to mark
c0mmemoration Of its Tooth
birthday.
The college VIII be 100 years
| old In 1864.
Dr.. David PeikoY, o 1923
graduate Of Gallaudet and
former president Of the alumni
association. has been named
chairman Of the fund COM
mission which iS organizing
the drive. DR.. Peikoff said the
money will not be used for
normal operating expenses, bui
for special programs such a.
graduate scholarships, estab-
blishment Of an InternationaI
House. theater productions, re.
search In fields Of special in.
terest 10 the deaf or similar
cultur0l and intellectual
! activities.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
3-Hour Fire in Motel Near La Plato
Drives 80 Guests Out Into Cold

Flames broke out In the
Thunderbird Motel near La
Plata, Md, early today and
burned out Of control for
nearly three hours, driving
about 90 guests into the cold.
About half Of the Sc units
were ruined. Two firemen
were slightly injured. AL Of
the guests escaped safely.
Joseph N. McDonagh. the
Charles County fire marshal,
estimated the damage at $70,-
900, but O motel official placed
the loss at $3.50. 900.
The blaze started In o boiler
room and spread via q common
attic through one 30-unit wing,
Mr.. McDonagh said. Firemen
from II companies In three
counties battled the flames
from 1880 am. to 4 am. before
bringing them under control
Evening star., 1961-02-14

mattresses ran from door to
door In the burning south wing,
arousing the guests. Andre
warned the occupants Of the
north wing.
The guests In the north wing,
although In no immediate dam
ger. turned out to help move
beds. television sets. and other
furniture from the threatened
rooms into the 1S-inch snow
outside.
The first alarm brought ouj
all Charles County fire com.
panies. plus Q unit from the
Naval Monitoring Station neal
La Plata.
A short time later five Prince
Georges County companies and
another from Mechanicsville IL
st. Marys County responded.
Large tank trucks shuttled
between La Plata and the scene
Of the fire. hauling In water
to augment the inadequate
supply.
Evening star., 1961-02-14

Trooper John r. Carroll Of
the Maryland State police said
o guest. Clyde Mikeal, discov-
cred the blaze and. along with
Manager Louis Akers. awak-
ened guests In time for them to
escape.
Mr.. Mikeal, manager Of the
La Platian Club, returned about
1:30 am. to his room In the
Thunderbird, located on Route
301. four miles south Of La
Plata.
AS he entered his room, he
smelled smoke. and walked up
to another unit where two Of
his mattresses live and aroused
them. Their room was filling
with smoke.
Mr.. Mikeal then ran to the
office and rang Q bell to alert
Mr.. Akers. his wife, and their
l4-year-old daughter Andre.
He told them the motel was
on fire. and they notified fire.
men while Mr.. Mikeal and the
Evening star., 1961-02-14

nearly 1000 oystermen in the
area haven't been able to sail
for the last five weeks owing
to the ice-locked harbors.
An agreement was expected
to be signed between the State
and the three counties, officially
launching the surplus food op-
Grafton.
The three-man survey team
came to Leonardtown after
Senator Dorsey had notified
Representative Lankford. DEM
ocrat Of Maryland. about the
areas emergency need. Mr..
Lankford requested help from
the Agriculture Department
and the meeting was organized
late last week.
Mr.. Brugger said that five
staple commodities would be
made available. They are flour,
cornmeal, lard, dried milk and
rice. Butter and dried eggs are
to become available In March.
A Joint meeting Of members
Of st. Mary's and Charles
Counties Board Of Supervisors
was held later In the day to
thrash out problems Of dis
tributing the food.
The commissioners agreed
that o central warehouse for
the three counties should be
established. probably in
Hughesville in Charles County.
A building large enough to
store the food was reported
available there.
1t was suggested that the sup
plies might be shipped by rail
on q Government railroad line
that runs to the Patuxent Naval
Air Test Center.
The tri-county area would
appoint one supervisor for the
program, with local admins
traitors working under him.
lState Senator Dorsey estimated
Evening star., 1961-02-14
sys stsr stsff writer

II - & b Z
ANlgAPOLIs. Feh. l4-Sup-
porters Of . bin 70 establish q
University Of Maryland branch
| IN Western Maryland are con-
sidering . new wrinkle to sub
due opposition from public
school officials.
Legislators who plan to In
troduce the bill to convert
Frostburg state Teachers Col
lege into q university branch
Esaid they are considering tack
ling an emergency clause onto
the legislation.
This would require . three
fifths vote Of the Legislature,
but ik would mean the bin
would 60 into effect ilnmedi-
ately and p0ssibly take some Of
the steam put Of an expected
move TO place the matter be-
fore the voters in . referen-
dunn.
State supt. Thomas q. Pull
len. jr., said last week that the
attempt 70 take the Frostbure
Teachers College away from
the Board Of Education and
turn It over to the University
Of Maryland Is Q move toward
political control Of all higher
education In Maryland"
Mrs. Fred L. Bull, legislative
chairman for. the Maryland
Congress Of Parents and Teach
ers. today issued Q strong criti-
cisxn Of the move to turn the
Frcstburg College into . uni
versity branch.
I'VE fell to understand Why
the Governor suddenly has re-
versed his position and Is now
supporting this arbitrary at
tempt TO absorb Frostburg
Teachers College Is . branch
Evening star., 1961-02-14
Cemetery Is Topic

ANNAPOLIS, Feb. IL (AP).-
Expansion Of the military
cemetery at the Antietam Ma
tional Battlefield near Sharps-
burg was suggested last night
BY the Washington County
delegates.
In o resolution they declared
the cemetery Is filled and
should be expanded as q per-
petual tribute to those who
have served. are now serving OF
hereafter shall serve to estab.
lish our Republic and protect
1t against arbitrary power, op-
preston and tyranny"
Evening star., 1961-02-14

Della. Democrat Of Baltimore
The DepartmenE Of Correc-
ton and the Board Of Correc-
ton would no longer have 9
voice il the operation bf the
institution ct Jessups which
handles defective delinquents
Criminals who are mentally
defective are sent to Patuxent
fer indeterminate sentences,
/ Senator Della's bill would
set up o new board to. direct
operation Of Patuxent. The
board Of five members would be
appointed by the Governor.
Split Responsibility Cited
Judge Thosnsen's COMMITTEES
conducted the latest Of several
surveys made Of the often
criticized Institution. The COM
mittee said that the division
Of responsibility between the
Board Of Corrections ana the
director Of Patuxent has re-
suited In controversies because
o. fundamentally different
points Of view"
Gov. Tawes has not taken q
position on the proposal to give
the institution autonomy. The
Senate President said he intro
duced the measure as an iI1-
dividual rather than as an ad-
ministration spokesman.
Members Of the House Bank
ing and Insurance Committee
we're scheduled to meet today
o.try to iron out o cumpfo-
mise on q controversial bill
which would curb activities Of
an insurance company run by
Evening star., 1961-02-14
~ WILLIAM REDDIG
Star staff Writer

LEONARDTOWN. Md. Feb
1.-THE needy families Of
three Southern Maryland
counties-hit hard by the mas
tiest winter in years - soon
should be able to count on food
on the table from the country's
surplus larder.
/; The wheels Of local, State
and Federal Govern m e n
! meshed quickly yesterday to
Get UP emergency surplus food
distribution for the estimated
5000 needy persons in st.
Marys, Charles and Calvert
Counties.
. The hungry watermen, car
penters, laborers and their
families who have been out Of
work for the last five weeks
because Of the cold and snow
were given definite hope Of
getting supplies in two weeks.
Within sig to eight weeks, a
permanent free-food setup is
expected to be established in
the. tri-county area, where
100000 prsons live.
, Assurance that the surplus
food would be made available
came In q meeting here In the
office. Of State Senator Walter
B. Dorsey. About 20 area po-
litical leaders, welfare and
charity organization officials
attended.
Their story was heard by
two officers Of the Department
Of Agriculture, Neill w. Free
man and James C. Kellam, and
the chief Of the Maryland sur
plus food program, William J
Brugger.
At the end of the discussion
the. three men were convinced
that Southern Maryland is II
need Of assistance now. Tht
Evening star., 1961-02-14

Baltimore County Democrats
leaders
The bill. sponsored by Dele
gate Joseph D. Tydings. Demo-
Icrat Of Hartford. would affect
Security Financial Insurance
Corp. Delegate A. Gordon
Boone, Democratic floor leader
of the House. and two other
Delegates from Baltimore
County are stockholders In the
company.
Compromise Studied
The cornproEnise reportedly
would give Security Financial
| Is months to comply with pro-
visions Of the bill. The bin
would prohibit the firm from
insuring deposits III any one
savings and loan association In
excess of 10 per cent Of ses
|curity Financial assets.
Mr. Tydings said last night
that he may not agree to .
compromise. He said that he
may ask that the bin 60 to the
floor for . vote in It's present
form. The. hill has received an
|unfav0rahle report from the
Banking and Insurance Com-
|mittee. Meanwhile, Mr.. Boone
said last night that Security
Financial was formed with
$3.50. 900 raised BY o Chicago
attorney, Henry Mc0urren.
A majority Of stock in Sc
|curity Financial is held by two
Canadian companies. Stock
holders Of the Canadian firm
have not been disclosed.
On another measure in the
savings and loan field, It was
announced last night that q
public hearing win be held
February 81 on legislation to
provide regulation Of savings
and loan associations opera
tionS.
Senator William 8. James,
Democrat Of Hartford, intro
duced q bin which would au-
thorize q SIS million State
loan to supplement Federal
grants for construction Of pri-
vately operated nursing homes.
Delegate Frank H. Harris,
Democrat. Of Cecil. introduced
Q bill which would require that
election campaign literature
carry the name Of the party
responsible for 1t.
Evening star., 1961-02-14
Dello Seeks Autonomy
For Potuxent Institute
BY PAUL HOPE
star staff Writer

ANNAPOLIS. Feb l4-Legislation to give independent
status 70 Patuxnt Institute introduced last night in the
General Assembly.
The bi Incorporating recommendations made recently
BY study commission headed by Federal Judge Rozel c.
Thomson introduced by Senate President George W.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
BUSINESS PROP. WANTED
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

STORAGE shed for contractor with
yard. Mount Rainier area. Cheap
| est rent possible. AP. 1855.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
LOTS, ACREAGE WANTED
FLORIDA PROPERTY

BOCA RATION SQUARE, hish, dry
area-New 2-bath homes, . and 8
bedrooms: local representative has
pictures. floor plans. UN. z-930O;
ewes, Sun, LA. 9-95S7.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
REAL ESTATE LOANS

CASH FAST! NO DELAYS - 2nd
trust loans. Consolidate bills:
money for any purpose. D. c., Md,
Va, day or ewes. uN. 4-9GSS.
CONSOLIDATE YOUR DEBTS BY
End trust. AMERICAN MORT
GAGE a. INVESTORS CO., 319
Southern Bldg, Ma. S-33S1: i'm
mediate service. 10 to 4:30 pm.
MONEY end TRUsT-We will buy
End trust notes, D. C. nearby Md.
or Va: reas. rates. NATIONAL
MORTGAGE q INVEST. CORP :.
1872 N. Y. ave. NV. MA. S-5S33.
N. VA.-D. C.-2nd trusts wanted !;
top price; cash in hour. Call
HOOVER. RO. S-1165 days or eve.
PLENTY FUNDS AVAILABLE, list
and 2nd trusts. INTERSTATE
MORTGAGE Co, INC. ia. 7-5s00.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
COMMERCIAL GROUND
tcoNTINUeD)

CONFIDENTIALLY, IN MARY.
site Of 10000 50. It. at only ST
per It. Open I'll 8 ewes. RIPLEY
Co, JU. 5-6111.
MCLEAN AREA-18,000 50. It. up
to $4,000. So; it.. already zoned
$4,000 50: #: up to 5 acres plus.
MRS. VIM. H LAUGHLIN, Real
tors, Mclean, Va. Ell. 6-4161;
ewes. call Mr.. EarmRn, Ell. 6-3441.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
ICENTER
MARKET
|CITY

9th AND K STS. NV.
Good traffic locations available foI
diversified businesses. Branch
post office within market will
bring additional traffic. II you
want to 60 into business for your
self and II you have the know
how, contact Mr.. FRANK PALEY
ManaqPr nj T.60aQ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
/ and 2 Acre Homesites

LOT for sale; colesville.
Nd. area, Overton lane in Dru-
meldra Hills. JU. $500.
$50 ACRES, 2 houses, farm bldgs.,
swimming pool; 20 min. from D. c.
ONLY Sbll. iO0
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
OUT Of TOWN REAL ESTATE

MOUNT AIRY, MD.-6 rm. mod
ranch. 3 bedroom, oil heat; cellar,
attic, knotty pine porch. 100000.
Ideal location for children. Sl5,-
800. Mount Airy 577.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21

BEAUTY SALON, newly decorated;
fully equipped, 4 operators. Good
location: Small down payment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-01-21
GARAGES
MOTORCYCLES.

GERMAN.BUILT $50 &C; 4 gears;
$50 mi. on all mech; parts; 2
seats. Excel. mech. cond.: Sacritic.
$3.50. KE. 6-7281 after pm:
sPEEDOMETERS. sales, service.
new, rebuilt. BUELLS SERVICE
S11 10th st. NV, ME. S-5776.
The Adak sun., 1961-01-30
GHOST OF THE WILlIWAWS

 gossip 
  kn"" in articles  
 It
  like the pool After  
 Ashmore, (agin) taken 
 standing ovation is wrk ike th dickens to keep the island entertained and pretty job it This accomplished
  Kurth (Jo3) "AFRITS", 
 joy the about stwitted with splendid 1ncu Kennedy (o kin to fortunately running
  with m omo m Daddio! control shun) wit" his home made zn then at last  he will bloody if eventually working outfit 
 Talk about revolutionz the 3)
Evening star., 1961-02-05

virtual treasure house of materials, tech
niques and inventions. As we learn to apply this
new information to our consumer economy will
eventually revolutioni7e our way Of life.
Many Of these Space Age technical breakthrOughs
have already found their way into our everyday
lives. BeIOsc are sir samples from ,rhich most
american homes sriH soon benefit.
There are many more such chronological break
throughs developed in laboratories for govern
ment missile and space programs, that can be used
for the benefit Of consumers. We must see to it
that they are put to use soon as possible.
To do this we must find ways of enlisting industry
Evening star., 1961-02-05

no those who fear are uselessly spending
l. billions Of dollars on military rockets and
space research, would like to state two very
important facts:
y We are already reaping far more benefits than
we realize from governments missile and space
programs.
y We are not getting these benefits nearly as fast
as we could.
The money spend on missile and space research
is creating new industries and new jobs. 1t is
injecting new vitality into our economy.
Meanwhile the many technical problems We are
solving during thrust into space are creating