davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-05

week. Homer Arnett, Repub-
lican of Kalamazoo, chairman
of the Committee on Revision
and Amendment of the Consti-
tuition, said chances were very
good" that a favorable recon-
mendation will win a vote be-
fore the end of the week. No
opposition is in sight. The Sen
ate has approved.
6. NEBRASKA-It will win
approval "handily" in the
States one-house Legislature,
the principal sponsor Senator
Marvin Stromer of Lincoln,
said. The bill is off and run
ming" he added.
Last week, the amendment
survived its first and major
floor test. 800, on the floor.
No further debate will ensue.
The measure is to be scrutinized
for technical changes and will
be sent back for final passage
within the next 10 days. The
length Of the wait is deter
mined by the work load, cur
rently heavy. confronting bill
reviewers.
=. NEW HAMPSHIRE - The
Senate cleared 1t January 26
Despite the delay. House Speak
er Stewart Lamprey predicted
chances Of passage "are good"
He took some responsibility for
the time lag because he said he
had asked Judiciary Chairman
Ralph w. Totman to assign bills
for hearing in priority order
based on what's most import
ant to the State"
Probably in q month or 80
there will be a hearing" Mr..
Lamprey said. He said the Ju-
dietary Committee has a heavy
backlog.
There have been reports that
some Republicans in the
G. o. P.-dominated Legislature
object. Writing in the Man
chester Union Leader, D. Frank
O'Neil, veteran Statehouse cor
respondent, said: There ap-
pears to be some partisan op-
position to the amendment be-
cause it would Just make an
other Democratic city out of
Washington"
8. OHIO-A House floor vote
is scheduled Tuesday. After
District Republican Chairman
Carl Shipley testified, a House
committee unanimously recon-
mended passage. The sponsor
Is House Majority Leader Rob-
ert Taft, jr., son of the late "Mr.
Republican" No opponents have
appeared, and House adoption
appears certain.
Senate Majority Leader C.
Stanley Mechem, Republican,
has not studied the resolution,
but predicts prompt action in
the Senate. Bipartisan support
is evident. Senate Minority
Leader Frank w. King, Demo-
crat, has offered a Senate reso-
luton. Representative Ted w
Gray's State Government Com
mittee, which has held the
King resolution since January
"a, will consider the Taft pro-
posal.
g.. OKLAHOMA-The Senate
! has cleared the proposal. In the
Evening star., 1961-03-05

Along these lines, the Asso-
ciated Press reported from CO.
logne, Germany, that West
Germany will establish a Corps
to aid underdeveloped nations.
Foreign Minister Heinrich Won
Brentano said the government
has canvaSSed about 1000
young German technicianS, en-
gineerS, doctors and teachers
on volunteering for work in
underdeveloped nations.
He said the governments
query generally had met with
favorable response.
Evening star., 1961-03-05
Strike Closes Popers

BUENoS AIRES, Argentina
Mar. 4 (AP).-City newspapers
will not publish tomorrow be-
cause Of a distributors strike.
The distributors are protesting
a tax they must pay in Santa
Fe Province on newspapers pub
lished outside the Province.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-11-12


aft o tell him this
ustd
fm
enerwthshim
WHATS forc Iar0
Evening star., 1961-01-15

johnson and Hawaii had in mind
and they said so.
".The issue is just how significant
we are going to make this pro-
posed Center" Senator Oren E.
Long Of Hawaii told an appropria-
tions subcommittee. "The State
Department seems to be think
ing in terms Of 200 students.
Others Of us have been thinking
In much greater terms, with great
er confidence in it. We have talked
in terms of 1000 students and a
cost, during the next three years,
Of $31 million" He called the State
plan clearly inadequate"
Senator Long and others ham,
mered away at their theme and
in result the 1860 Mutual Security
Act established q Center for Gull
tural and Technical Interchange
between East and West" in Hawaii,
based on q planned expenditure
Of $26 million for University Of
Hawaii expansion. 1t will accom-
modate 1000 new new students
upping the State plan ten-fold.
The subsequent appropriation act
for the State Department ear
marked $40 million initial funds
to start the wheels turning, and
the Hawaiian Legislature put up
another million.
Today the University Of Hawaii
campus is ferment Of organiza-
tion and construction. A center
capable Of carrying out the origi-
nal bold new concept" is emerg-
ing. 1t will be a center ideally
adapted to meet the needs of Ken
nedy peace corps" training. The
program is a major challenge for
the university, but Hawaii is con-
fident the challenge can be met.
From a small land-grant agri-
cultural college with q faculty Of
13 in 1907. the university has al
ready grown to o complex Of seven
Evening star., 1961-01-15
Lumumbo Scare

Troops Of the Congolese army
stationed at Thysville. where ex-
Premier Patrice Lumumba Is i'm
prisoned, staged brief mutiny on
Friday and for a few hours at
least the rumor that he had been
freed by the mutineers swept Leo
poldville. There was a mad rush
TO the ferries crossing the Congo
River to Brazzaville. Europeans
and Congolese alike who have
been anti-Lumumba were in a
state Of near panic.
The U. N. command reported
yesterday that the ex-Premier had
indeed been free briefly. But a
swift trip to Thysville by Col.
Mobutu and President Kasavubu
had brought an end to the pay
day riot Of the soldiers and Mr..
Lumumba was locked up again.
Leopoldville people breathed
easier.
But observers in the Congo re-
port that the round-table con-
ference of Congelese factions
scheduled for January Is stands
little chance for success unless
Mr.. Lumumba takes part in its
sessions.
Evening star., 1961-01-15
AT the u. NJ:
More Congo

The United Nations Security
Council yesterday brushed aside
q Soviet-Afro- Asian resolution
charging that Belgium was
using the trust territory Of
Ruanda- Urundi as a base for
interference In the Congo.
After World War I, the old
League of Nations inundated the
former German colony Of Ruanda-
Urundi to Belgium. Under the
United Nations. the territory con-
tinues to be administered by Bel
gium as a trust territory.
On January / a force of Congo
lese army troops crossed Ruanda-
Urundi to strike at pro-Lumumba
rebels in Kivu Province. The
Lumumha partisans protested.
and the Soviet Union, with those
African and Asian nations at the
U. N. which hold that the deposed
Premier. now in an army prison, is
the legitimate head of the Congo
government, complained to the
Security Council.
Secretary-General Dag Hammar-
skiold sent a strong protest to
Belgium. warning that any use of
the trust territory by the con-
tending Congolese factions would
be in violation of the trust agree
ment. The Belgian government
replied that the Congolese had
simply entered the territory with
out permission. and had been Or
dered out.
Soviet Ambassador to the U. N.
.Valerian A. Zorin demanded
special session of the Security
Council to condemn Belgium for
aggression" against the Congo.
He also assailed Mr.. Hammar-
skiold for allegedly conspiring
with the .Belgians and the West
to assist the forces of Col. Joseph
Mobutu, military strongman. and
President Joseph Kasavubu, in
the Congo strife.
Evening star., 1961-01-15
The Foreign Scene

the General Assembly consider"
whether Belgium had violated the
trust agreement.
In the Council debate. United
States Delegate James w. Barco
charged that the deteriorating
situation in the Congo was being
caused by "rebel elements &C
lively aided and encouraged from
outside"
AS for the Soviet resolution, Mr..
Barco said that "in typical Soviet
fashion, an elephant gun has been
trained against a mosquito"
Yesterday the Council refused
to approve even the Afro-Asian
resolution. It's only hackers were
the sponsors and the Soviet Union.
Mr.. Hammarskjold was in his
seat at the Council Friday after
a flight back from the Congo and
South Africa. He had visited Pres
ident Kasavubu and conferred
with U. N. officials in personal
effort to strengthen the peace
making mission of the U. N.
forces in the Congo.
Evening star., 1961-01-15
Continued From Page C-1

sponse: Lack Of funds; 'let's wait
and see" If Polaris works aboard
the nuclear submarines and the
all-out opposition by the Air
Force whose leaders have been
reluctant to share the strategic
striking mission.
Early this month, under per-
sistent Navy pressure, the Defense
Department gave Admiral Arleigh
A. Burke, Chief of Naval Opera
tions, permission, as a matter of
policy, to put the solid-fuel mis-
sile on surface ships.
No specific program has been
worked out, but the nuclear-
powered cruiser Long Beach,
which is still building, probably
will be the first surface ship TO
carry the weapon. Admiral Burke
has told Congress that PolariS
could be put aboard 18 heavy and
six light cruisers and, if needed,
aboard Victory merchant ships.
Defense Secretary Gates decision,
based on a recommendation by
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, is a sig
nificant one. 1t means that a
military service is not to be re-
Stricted arbitrarily in the deploy-
ment Of a tested weapon. The
growth Of sea power is not to be
stunted.
1t means, too, that the inevi-
table shift. started with the Pola-
ris submarines, of a major part
of our deterrent, retaliatory forces
from Fortress America to sea will
be speeded up. We will get more
mobile weapons systems at an
earlier date.
Pentagon opponents of surface
ship Polarises are bent on over
turning the Gates-JCS decision
when the Kennedy administra-
ton takes over. But perhaps the
Air Force, which lately has
evolved a Save-the -cities strategy
for nuclear war, will concede that
one way to draw enemy fire away
from our population centers is to
locate our big weapons in remote
areas. The lao million square
Evening star., 1961-01-15

Under a Democratic or Republi-
can regime it is the very same
problem. That win be Mr.. Roosa's
concern. Doubtless he will not
discard the "advance refunding",
device instituted by his predeces-
sor. under, which, before maturity
date, bondholders are offered new
bonds in exchange.
Mr.. Dillon's Assistant Secretary
for tax matters has not yet been
named. Since President elect
Kennedy has revealed that the
Council Of Economic Advisers is
to assume larger responsibilities"
which certainly will bear on Fed
eral Reserve and Treasury poll
cies, the tax views of the coun-
ellis next chairman, Prof. Walter
w. Heller of the University of
Minnesota. are Of interest. At
Palm Beach in December Heller,
asked about flexible tax rates for
economic stabilization, called such
fiexibility good basic economics"
which should be explored, since,
as he explained, the gold outflow
limits us in the use Of monetary
tools.
The big questions facing the
new Treasury team are the heri-
tage Of past Government policies
extending across decades Of war
and peace. New policies to be in
stituted by the next administra-
ton in turn viii shape the prob
lens to be passed along to its
successor.
BY its very size, the Govern
ment's business affects the econ
omy. In tackling It's fiscal tasks
the Treasury. therefore, must con-
slider not only what is best for its
own needs, but how its decisions
and actions affect the private
economy and how they conform
to the Governments overall pro-
grams and purposes.
Always, too, the Treasury
Democratic or Republican-must
reckon with the Congress, to which
1t must go for relief from statu-
tory debt limitations and tax leg
islation and whose bills 1t must
pay.
Evening star., 1961-01-15
OUR ORIENTAL FRONTIER
Eost-West Center Nearing Completion in Hawaii
OUR ORIENTAL FRONTIER
BY r. X. HOLMES
Contrihuting Writer

The capital away from home of
President-elect Kennedy's New
Frontier may be Honolulu, seat
of the University Of Hawaii and
site of the $26 million East-West
Cultural Center which will owe
its existence to the new Vice
President. s6
The Kennedy peace Corps"
plan to weld 500 or more young
Americans each year into cadre
of volunteer youth workers in
foreign lands to concentrate their
efforts in the emerging nations of
Asia and Africa. A majority of
these lucky young people probably
will land in Hawaii as a staging
area. There they will take Ian
guage training, study Oriental
cultures. gain the experience of
living among people Of Eastern
descent - in a Pacific environ
ment.
The international East-West
Center In Hawaii. due primarily
to the dogged persistence Of the
Vice PreSident-elect. is already
near reality.
The center Is to provide an
international college and an in
ternational training facility-of-
fering academic resources rang
ing from an institute Of advanced
studies down through primary
language-training - for both
Americans and Asians.
Much Work Is Done
Much spadework for the center
Is already completed. Citizens
committees, Hawaii State COM
mittees, University Of Hawaii
committees, and joint commit
tees from the State Department,
the Department of Health, Educa-
ton and Welfare, and the United
States Information Agency pro-
duced a plan more than a year
ago which, as now expanded. can
easily meet the needs Of the Ken
nedy program. Enabling legisla-
ton is in being and funds are
available.
Senator Johnson's East-West
Center scheme was unveiled in
April, 1859. In a speech before
the American Society Of Newspa-
per Editors. It called for an in
ternational university - a meet
ing place for East and West"
built around the University Of
Hawaii.
Legislation for the establish
ment Of a center was introduced
by the majority leader a few weeks
later, and parallel legislation was
introduced in the House. There
after a provision was inserted in
the 1859 Mutual Security Act call
ing on the State Department to
come up with a plan.
State submitted its blueprint on
December 81, 1861 proposal spe-
officially stated as biased on past
experience and current programs"
The proposal would have put a
little over So into new facilities
at the University Of Hawaii; it
looked toward handling something
like 200 students yearly.
Proponents Of the center idea
on the Hill were disappointed with
this plan. They saw 1t falling far
short Of the bold new concept"
Evening star., 1961-01-15
Integrotion::
Georgia Bows

Integration, riding down q
path cleared by the Federal
judiciary, came to Georgia for
the first time last week despite
bitter opposition.
For ITS years. the State Of
Georgia had never had white and
Negro students in attendance at
the same public school.
Then, on Tuesday. two carefully
selected Negroes. good-looking and
well-dressed. entered the Univer-
sity of Georgia after a Federal
Court enjoined Gov. S. Ernest
Vandiver, jr., from cutting off
funds and forcing the school to
close.
There was some jeering and un-
pleasant chanting, but no violence.
On Wednesday night. however.
after Georgia lost a disputed
basketball game to Georgia Tech.
the explosion came. A mob Of
students and outsiders, including
several members of the Ku Klux
klan, rloted outside the dormitory
where one of the Negro students
was rooming.
The two Negroes were suspended
for their own safety. On Friday.
as expected, the Federal Judge,
William A. Bootle, ordered them
reinstated by tomorrow morning.
Gov. Vandiver, while warning that
a "tinder-boX" situation exists,
promised to provide any forces
necessary to prevent new violence.
Most white Georgians doubtless
do not approve school integration.
Nor do most whites in the Deep
South. But to ignore the hand
writing on the wall-dt is done
in big letters in Little Rock, in
Virginia and Tennessee)-can only
result in proliferation Of self
inflicted wounds,
Evening star., 1961-01-15

". consists Of an attitude OF
heart above negativism and legal
ism. 1t Is the unconditional desire
to promote the true good Of other
people in a friendly spirit. out OF q
sense of kinship. 1t seeks to do
good to a person, with no strings
attached :. does not exploit. -"
II the Aloha Spirit can be abb
sorbed by the youthful Peace
Corps recruits during their stay in
Hawaii, they will have been armed
with very real working tool, as
important as a knowledge Of Ian
guages, for their efforts overseas.
The spirit Of Aloha stems from
the ethnic origins Of Hawaii and
its history. The warmth Of the
native Hawaiians, the gentle wis
dom of the large Chinese popula-
ton, the grace and fineneSs Of
the Japanese, the positive factors
Of a dozen Eastern PHILOSOPHERS
all have contributed.
The present population Of Ha-
waii itself offers an ideal environ
ment for young people seeking to
absorb Eastern ways. It is less
than one-third Caucasian. Some
80 per cent stem from Japanese
stock, II per cent are native Ha-
waiian, IL per cent trace their
families back to the Philippines.
Almost every country touched by
the Pacific is represented. The
marks Of Eastern culture ere
everywhere: temples and shrines
Of Oriental religions and philoso-
phies intermix with those Of the
West.
And Hawaii is young. Not only
as a State or culture; its people
are young and youthful in fact
and in spirit. The median age in
Hawaii is "a, as compared with 80
for the United States as whole.
The resulting dominance Of youth
is a real thing and will make
President Kennedy's Youth Corps
feel very much at home.
Evening star., 1961-01-15

tutions in Algeria, fearing that
they will bring not independence
but partition. But they are re-
ported ready to accept some sort
of transition" as a necessary step
to independence.
The major worry Of the ma
.tionalists since the referendum is
that Gen. de Gaulle might go
ahead with his program unilater-
ally, ignoring the FIN. Most
diplomats familiar with the North
African problem predict. however.
that the French President is too
practical a politician to attempt to
bypass the FIN after its strength
was so clearly demonstrated in
the referendum abstentions.
In Algiers. Oran, and Constan-
tine, Europeans were liquidating
their assets in a mood of gloom
and insecurity.
Evening star., 1961-01-15

where the Algerian provisional
government has its capital-in-
exile. there were predictions that
direct negotiations between the
Algerian National Liberation
Front (FLN would be reopened.
Efforts to get negotiations going
last year failed when Gen. de
Gaulle insisted that only a cease
fire could be discussed with the
nationalists. with political ques-
tions barred.
With approval of self-determi-
nation in last week ends vote both
in metropolitan France and in
Algeria, Gen. de Gaulle now ap-
pears to have a mandate" for
political as we'll as cease-fire talks.
Leaders of the provisional
government have been wary of
Gen. de Gaulle's plan for new,
Moslem- dominated political insti-
Evening star., 1961-01-15
For Algeria:
Secret Talks?

Reports persisted all week
that secret overtures for a re-
newal of direct negotiations had
been made by France TO the
Algerian nationalist leaders in
TuniS.
The vote heavy approval given
President Charles de Gaulle's pro-
gram for IAN Algerian Algeria" a
week ago in a three-day referen-
dunn has sparked a new wave of
optimism that solution to the
Algerian rebellion might be
achieved at last.
Both in France and in Tunisia,
Evening star., 1961-01-15
New African BIocs
For Long-T Term Aims

successfully mediate between
France and the Moslem UNDER
ground In Algeria.
Common Policy Needed
More important than even
these aims. however. was the goal
OF working out a common policy
on all future major issues facing
them. Although they were not
successful in regard to the Congo
and Algeria, the conference is
seen as having taken a long step
toward the formation Of a loosely
knit bloc Of more than dozen
states with similar purposes.
In East Africa the native leaders
of the vast territories of Kenya.
Northern Rhodesia. Nyasaland,
Tankanyika and Uganda have met
and discussed the possibility Of
a federation embracing each Of
these countries.
Leading this move is one Of
the most remarkable of native
African leaders. julius Nyerere.
chief minister Of the government
of Tanganyika. Such a fedora
tion would contain more than /
million square miles and have a
population Of more than 26 mil
lion.
A fourth bloc, and one which
many observers expect will come
into being not long after Algeria
wins its expected freedom from
France, would group the three
Arabic-speaking states Of Algeria.
Morocco and Tunisia.
II the Moslems succeed in in
cooperating into such fedora
ton all the territory to which
they lay claim, the state would
be nearly IL million square miles
in extent and contain a popula-
ton of some "a million.
A further example of the al
most irresistible urge Of the Afri-
cans to achieve broad political
and economic unity is the recent
decision of Ghana, Guinea and
Mali to create a common legisla-
tive assembly. to integrate their
trade, and where possible, to
speak with one voice in interna-
tional affairs.
This step is particularly sig
nificant in that Ghana is a for
mer British colony, whereas
Guinea and Mali are former
French territories. Thus the lat
ter two have a different politi-
Cal and cultural background
from the former. Yet the urge
towards cooperation is Suffi-
GENTLY strong to override even
this important factor.
In most cases these groupings
are still tentative and furnbling.
There will be many readjust-
ments in the years ahead, as wit
ness the recent dissolution of the
Mali-Senegal Federation and the
fragmentation of the Congo.
Yet there is not a single major
African leader or party whose
program does not call for regional
unification. Like the issues of
freedom, self-determination and
equality, the goal Of unification
has deep appeal for the peoples
Of Africa.
In this. they may turn out to
have been world leaders.
Evening star., 1961-01-15

march continues, and a new
march begins in Africa.
Militarily insecure, economically
shaky. politically immature, these
countries-jealous Of their free
dom-instinctively turn away from
former colonial powers when they
look about for friends and as
sistance. Often the choice wavers
between the United States and the
Communist powers. AS President
Snyder Of the University of Hawaii
told a Coast Guard class last sum-
mer "the scales appear to be fairly
evenly balanced. They might be
tipped one way or another by the
merest evidence of sincerity of
interest, integrity of purpose,
non-aggressive intent, philosophi-
cal affinity or economic advan-
tage." Both the center plan and
the peace corps plan seek to tip
that scale.
At this point it is worth taking
a look at the factors-other than
the sheer accident Of geography
which make Americas 50th State
an ideal meeting ground for East
and West-and an ideal staging
base" for volunteers selected to
serve in the Peace Corps"
The Romontic Viewpoint
First and foremost the writer
who calls Hawaii home-inSists at
the risk of being considered a
hopeless romantic that a major
intangible asset is the aloha
Spirit" of the Hawaiian Islands.
Impossible to define with any ac-
curacy, the aloha Spirit" is as
real a tool for training youth in
the business of creating under
standing as are the 10000 books
in the University of Hawaii Lii
brary. It's as real thing as the
buildings now in construction.
Abraham Akaka. Hawaiian clergy
man, tries to define this spirit by
writing that it: