davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-03-11

he was disturbed" at the
continuing EN- p asiS on
public housing. While NAHB
members favor appointment
Of a cabinet officer for hous-
ing, they still fear the man
who takes over the job may
stress urban renewal at the
expense Of residential build
ing. /
Not all members of the in
dustry viewed Mr.. Kennedy's
housing message with alarm.
George De Franceaux, presi-
dent Of Frederick w. Berens
Co., was one.
A real estate man, mort
gage broker and first vice
president of the Washington
Real Estate Board, Mr.. De
Franceaux has a total of nine
offices in Washington and its
surrounding communities.
Lower Interest Rotes
"Of course some lenders
will resist. the s0-year mort
gage plan." he said, But
they will soon have to fall
into line and interest rates
will also come down. The re-
suit will be better for the
home buyer and lender alike.
Il have no fear of lending
money on $4,000 to $13,500
houses. There is a great de-
mand for such housing. We
financed over 1000 such
homes in Prince Georges
County and about 1900 near
Evening star., 1961-03-11

or about $500 to $4,000 per
lot.
If this obstacle could be
overcome, Mr.. Jones pre-
dicted, builders could success
fully erect decent houses in
the price bracket Mr.. Ken
nedy feels could meet the
untitled demands Of moder-
ate income familie5."
Evening star., 1961-03-11
1927 3Oth STREET

Most pOeou outstanding ho Colonial with den and sunroom
f floor lOrse bedrooms bos floor bedroom and both
plus domtoT third floor Lovely londscoped double lot Ideal o
entertaining. In Sos Ewes, OIL. 4-5295
Iet to - -. ~ N0'' w. u'1
Evening star., 1961-03-11

as installation Of sewer, wa
ter and gas lines and streets.
Present regulations in the
suburbs surrounding Wash
ington make the builder
provide such facilities, thus
boosting the average lot
cost from 80 to 40 per cent
Of the home purchase price
Evening star., 1961-03-11
Continued From Pose 81

Continued From PoSe B-l
caution because of the
sweeping nature of President
Kennedy's recommendations"
The Washington Real
Estate Board traditionally
follows the policy set by the
parent body.
Mr.. Powell added "for
these reasons because they
would affect the industry rec
ognized in the Presidents
message as one of the nations
most basic, details of specific
legislative proposals should
be given the most careful
study and deliberation by the
Congress"
At the same time, Mr..
Powell was highly critical of
Mr.. KennedySs plan to dump
most of the nations urban
renewal problems into the lap
of FHA.
Evening star., 1961-03-11
FOREST HILLS, Id. C.
1880 LINNEAN AVE. NV

st showing CenO or-eondoned split with large
nS room dining room. den and kitchen. bedrooms baths
nneo oormto recreation maids both ecruee
On beautiful lot Ewes, EN- 2-36l2 ''
To Reach: AIbemar ri,bt
and LEFT to sign. - ' 80 ''S'' ~ A""'ea" AUG
Evening star., 1961-03-11
Could Upset FHA

1T may be asked" he de-
clared, whether adequate
consideration has been given
to the debasement of this
mortgage insurance system
Evening star., 1961-03-11
1883 AUDUBON TERRACE NV.

trst Presentation Of this otey brick Colonial overlooking Roc
Seek Fork Features include: living with epIuee dnino room
Kitchen den powder st floor bedrooms buth up; recros
ito" room with bor lovely sorden sOrose 2s5O Eyes, M 622i
TO Reach: Out Conn roht
on zSth TO Audubon Terrace left -" ''
Evening star., 1961-12-07

For Everything You Need Shop.
Sears, the Washington areas Most
Complete Department Store!
Free Pdrking!p,. .,rc~"a ,.,"-'I,,.'
Arizona tribune., 1961-08-25
DISCRIMINATORY ADS PLACED IN VALLEY NEWSPAPERS
Open Letter to
South Plaza Merchants
JAYS COFFEE SHOP
SIMMONS APPAREL SHOP
SOUTH PLAZA BARBER SHOP

Last week advertising omitted in the full
South Plaza which appeared in the Arizona Sum- Your
appear the advertisement
either. There little doubt that do Negroes
your business establishments.
This the first discriminatory advertising of this kind that has
With Of the editors of the
Arizona Sum- you have openly nsuted the citizens of all
Not slapped
Negro have shaefy outraged the souside
you business Negroes spend bona de
United States issued Those cash registers
ringing other do tabae the color of the
who paid the clerk
Banks
Publisher r-Editor
Arizona tribune., 1961-08-25

Members of the Greenfield family held partial reunion Phoenix
last week. Although the visit of of the family caused by
the illness of Mrs. Levoyd oorehed spirits dampened
when the clan posed for this photograph
Seated from left Mesdames Curtis Greenfield William
field and Opal Greenfield Pillow. Standing the front Mary
Greenfield.
Back Greenfield, Greenfield
W. R. Greenfield Sr, Dr. w. R. Greenfield r. and Mr. Levoyd
Moorehead.
Rev. w. R. Greenfield S father of Dr. W. r. Greenfield and
Dr. c. O. Greenfield recently retired principal of the Clark
Training High School e still active the ministry
presently holding pastorate Bethel AA Church. Columbia
w. R. Greenfield is physician Dohan. Alabama. His wife
teaches school at Nashville, Tenn.
Mrs. Pillow is high school teacher Columbia Tenn.
Mrs. Curtis Greenfield teaches B. T. Washington School
the CITY, Dr. Curtis O. Greenfield the principal Percy Julian
Elementary School in Phoenix.
Mrs Moorehead another daughter of Rev. Greenfield
photographed She Greenfield home Windsor
Grating from recent surgery.
Evening star., 1961-12-16
Carved in Memory

KINGFISHER, Okla. (AP) -
R. E. Weimer, now 80 years
old, today makes miniature COW
cred wagons out of mahogany
and redwood. In 1889 Mr.. Wei
mer was with his parents, trav-
cling down the Chisholm trail.
Evening star., 1961-12-16
WORD GAME
Find 48 or more words in
/ R AT ELY

meaning "angrily." Average
mark is AZ words; time limit is
As minutes.
Rules of the game: l. Words must be
OF four or more letters. =. Words which
acquire four letters by the addition Of
,S.s S:s such as bats" cats" are not
used. 4. Proper names are not uSed.
Answers to AGONIZER
ager, agrin. anger, argon, gain, gaze,
gean, gear. gone, gore, Craze, grain,
Groin, groan, grin, caring, ogre, organ
!ze, organ, orang, orange, near, negro,
ignore iron, zero, Zing, zone, earn,
ergo ergon' rage, range, rain, raZe.
ranl regain, rein, reign, region, ring,
roam.
Evening star., 1961-12-16

West would probably have
defeated the contract by lead
ing a spade, although South
might still land on his feet
by returning the jack of dia-
mondS at the second trick.
AS it happened. West trusted
the opening bid and led a
heart. This produced the queen,
king and ace of hearts at the
first trick.
South cashed the king Of
clubs and finessed with
dummy's jack Of clubs, losing
to the queen. Now it was up
to East to make a return.
Heart Best
East could have defeated the
contract by returning a heart.
This would knock out dummy's
jack. Declarer could run the
clubs. but this would give him
only seven tricks. West would
get in with the ace of dia-
mondS to cash the rest Of the
hearts. thus defeating the con-
tract.
But East was a good commits
tee member Instead of return
ing his partners suit, he tried
a switch to spades.
This didn't dismay South.
He could take the top spades
before leading a heart to dunn
my. This gave him nine tricks
before West had a chance to
take the hearts.
Mind you, I wouldn't want
to give the impression that you
should always return your
partners suit. But you should
have a good reason for switch
ing. In this case, there was no
reason for East to lead spades
II his partner hadn't thought
enough of the suit to lead it
originally. ?
Daily Question
Partner opens with one
heart and the next player
passes. You hold:
AQ32 0K7 uK7654 %o85
What do you say?
Answer: Bid one no-trump.
The hand is not quite stronk
enough for a response of two
diamonds.
~ 4
For Sheinwold's 36- pace
booklet, "A Pocket Guide to
Bridge" send SOC to BRIDGE
Book, The Washington Star,
Bor 1918. Grand Central Sta
tion, NeO York II, N. Y.
(Copyright. 1861. Gen. Features Corp)
Evening star., 1961-02-22
Remembering Gallant BeIgions

We had far better food than
this, even in our K rations.
But we forced down the little
cakes. You'll eat the damn
things" said a colonel, q
break in his voice, land that's
an order"
From captured German
officers themselves we learned
that night in Mons some
thing of what these Belgians
had done during the far
longer night of their Nazi
captivity. We were to learn
much more as the campaign
for Belgium went on: The
unbreakable spirit Of the Bel
giques. Their quiet, hopeless
gallantry-and that Of the
Belgian White Army parti-
sans who fought with US.
Their bleak, untalking, ahSo-
lutte. total, final faithfulneSs
to their allies.
Among all the heroes Of
the last war, in simple truth,
the indomitable Belgians
need take no second place.
For my own part, therefore,
I think they have long since
worked their passage with us
and more. I think they have
even earned the right
among their old friends, any,
how--even to be wrong.
Evening star., 1961-02-22
General Belief in Plans Effectiveness
Viewed as Main Key to Its Fate
DORIS FLEESON

The fate Of President Ken
nedy's aid to education bill
will be determined by the
extent to which he can con-
vince the public that it Is
what he called it-Stimulat-
ing, moderate and, above all,
essential.
He has made q skillful eff
fort to avoid the old patterns
which have enabled oppo-
nents of all Federal aid to di-
vide and conquer. Some Of
the Kennedy proposals are
unconventional and raise new
questions, but at least he has
opened escape matches for
members of Congress who
agree with his basic thesis
that education in this coun-
try can and must be i'm
proved.
Congressional veterans give
the bill a better chance than
any of the recent past largely
because of its new look. They
are not prepared yet to be
optimistic. Only hearings will
develop the story Of the pres
ent strength Of the racial and
religious battalions which
fought past acrid battles with
each other and persuaded
Congress that political safety
lay in dropping the whole
matter.
Evening star., 1961-02-22

Death and retirement have
pared down the congressional
bloc opposed on principle to
any Federal aid whatever.
Nobody can say yet just how
contemporary in thought and
feeling their successors are.
The change In the political
complexion Of Congress has
not been overwhelming and
in the House particularly,
where the education bill will
meet its harshest tests, the
party division is not hard
and fast.
Educators have properly
begun the debate about
whether it will do what it is
supposed to do, which is both
to increase the volume of
education and raise it to
new standards of excellence.
This argument should be
fairly orderly and dispas-
sionate since the established
forms Of education are un-
touched. One way or an
other. institutions in being
will get the money.
The areas of conflict re-
main, the most emotional be-
ing the church-State and
segregation issues. Here the
Kennedy footwork Is fast If
not fancy.
He proposes Federal grants
Evening star., 1961-02-22
Lesser Roles for the so States?

"The Federal Government
is going to have to take these
steps. It is going to have to
be in the best interests Of all
of us that these steps are
taken by the Federal Govern
ment."
The above really shocked
some of the members of the
audience who talked about
it among themselves after
ward. One businessman said
it negated the assurances
President Kennedy had given
at the same meeting when
he spoke of strengthened
programs for health. educa-
ton, and science and re-
search" and declared that
many Of these programs are
within the province of State
and local governments" He
had added that full recovery
will increase the tax rev.
enues that they so sorely
need" He had spoken only
of the Federal Government
paying "its fair share Of de-
velopment Of these human
resources" and not taking
over the full responsibility
in place of the States and
cities.
Even more reassuring were
the words Of Vice President
Lyndon johnson. who said
that this administration
does not and will not seek
great new powers by pro-
claiming great new terrors"
and that the purpose of the
new leadership is mot to ag-
grandize Government in or
der to make the State su-
preme."
But when the years have
passed and there is a retro
spective glance at what be-
gan to happen in America in
1861 under the Kennedy pro-
grams, the historian may
have to concede that Under
secretary NeStingen was more
nearly right than any other
speaker about the gradual
erosion of the constitutional
powers of the States by the
use of the United States
Treasury's taxing authority
and by the exercise by Con-
gresS of its assumed right to
pass laws spending the tax
payers money as it pleaseS.
Copyright. 196D
Evening star., 1961-02-22
The Education Bill and the Public

only for public elementary
and secondary schools, which
puts him in opposition to.
among others, Francis Car
dinal Spellman Of New York.
On the other hand. the
President supports scholar
ship grants to needy young
people who can spend them
to attend the colleges Of
their choice. including
church-supported ones.
The President does not
raise the question of whether
segregated schools should get
Federal aid. But 1t Is said
for him that If Congress de-
cides they should not, the
administration will inforce
its edict.
On the budget front, Mr..
Kennedy is clear-cut. He
makes no proposals for
matching grants by the
States. Experience in this
area has convinced him 1t
would be fruitlesS.
Last November the voters
chose their first Catholic
President who was relatively
young and inexperienced.
Many thought they would
never do 1t, including o
sizeable band of Democrats.
This sense Of change is really
what the Kennedy admin
istration counts on today to
achieve its ends, including
Federal aid to education.
Evening star., 1961-02-22
Observer of War, and Events Since, Feels
People Have Earned Passage With West

Belgian" For, from years
now long past, he remembers;
in an intimately personal
way, some things which 9TH
erS perhaps have forgotten.
He remembers 1914, when
this small country of Belgium
was slowly and bitterly being
liberated" by the United
States Sd Armored Division.
This was the forward, the
break through division In the
thrust across eastern France
after Paris and then across
Belgium and into Germany.
Mons was the first Belgian
city we entered, with the
moSt-forward tanks Of this
most-forward division.
This is a mining area, and
the countryside was not un-
like that around Pittsburgh
Wheeling, w. Va. France had
welcomed us Americans with
wine and flowers. Mons, in
the gloomy half-light of a
glowering day, was something
else altogether.
Here, as our tanks and
armored cars trundled along
through the main street,
stood the people of Mons in
long, quiet lines. Many Of
them had faces black with
the CRIME Of the pits; on
many Of these faces tears
cut dark paths down the
cheeks Of men as well as
women. There was no shout
ing, no hurrah.
They were hungry people,
desperately hungry and long
driven like cattle. (But un-
like cattle, they had never
for an instant been brokenO
But they crowded forward to
hand us, still in almost un-
broken silence, all that they
had - little doughy cakes
whose name I never knew.
Evening star., 1961-02-22
Common Cause With UNIV Chief
Favored by Some to Get Factories

because miserably-paid men
worked in them. are closed.
They have gone the way Of
the mule, the one-horSe wag-
on and the farmer following
a pillow. None is able to
compete.
There is in the mining
towns, where distress and
want have been daily COM
panions for the past several
years. a vague feeling that
the UNIV should somehow
have done better with the
problem. But there remains
basic, the fierce affection for
the union which lifted them
out of misery in the 1930s.
Associated with the UNIV
was, and is, District so. It
was set up by John L. Lewis
to organize, If it could. any
and all other businesses or
manufacturing plants in the
mining areas.
Those now wrestling with
the un-American fact Of
hungry, jobless men, women
and children, say there are
pajama, pants, shirt and
dress factories which would
come If they were not fearful
they would soon be shut
down by demands for wage
scales paid in the mines.
This, to the outsider, seems
most unlikely. But local Of
ficials and citizens groups
who are face to face with the
desperate need Of these peo-
pie, insist it is a major OBJ
stacle. You can't pay $40 q
day to make pajamas," they
say. 80 the plants won't
come"
What many Of these would
like to see, and this includes
some Of the miners, is John
l.. Lewis joining in common
cause with the two unions
which dominate the garment
making industry, and which
have excellent regulations
for integrity and vision. They
Evening star., 1961-02-22
WILLIAM S. WHITE

Sometimes a columnist who
utters the smallest yes-but
in all the current evangelical
clamor against any and all
forms of "colonialism"-
where the clear alternative
may be Communist chaos
finds himself put down as
pro-something which he
should not be.
This is the age not only
of instant coffee. but also
of instant classification by
label. There is a proper tag
for everybody, and everybody
properly falls under his prop
er tag.
One must be "for the Afri-
cans" whether these be hon.
est patriots or merely MUIR
derous gunmen on hire to
Kremlin agents. One must
be against "the colonial pow
ers," even in those not-rare
cases where "the colonial
powers" have made decent
and costly efforts to aid an
orderly transition of Africa
into the new independence.
II, for example, one doubts
the total rightnesS and wis
dom of all that has been
going on in the Congo against
its erstwhile Belgian rulers,
one finds, pretty quickly, that
he is "pro-Belgian" and
anti independence"
Very well, then. This very
nice and clear-cut way Of
labelling at least has the ad-
vantage Of ignoring all the
awkward shadings in an i'm
mense problem. II a fellow
has simply got to be one or
the other-absolutely against
the Belgians or absolutely in
favor Of all African "inde-
pendence" movements, even
the Communist oneS-then
this correspondent makes his
choice.
In this sense he is pro
Evening star., 1961-02-22
Garment Unions and John L. Lewis

think about the UNIV setting
aside q fund, and going to
the garment unions and say
ing, You go to some Of your
more enlightened producers
with whom you have con-
tracts and set up small union
plants. Our fund will help
with the planning. Educate
the people to understand
there are other unions than
the UNIV" This, say local
committees, would be a piece
Of craftsmanship which the
times demand.
Whether this is the answer
or not. the need remains. 1t
is astonishing that the G. O.P.
congressional leadership, as
revealed by Senate leaders
Halleck, Dirksen and Bridges,
should be quibbling over Sc
nantes and playing politics
with the issue. To suggest
that President Kennedy Is
frightening the economy Is a
piece Of chidishness. For
the week ending February 4,
43 States reported substan-
tial increases in the number
Of workers drawing jobless
benefits. Illinois, California,
Ohio, Michigan and Ken
tucky showed the largest un-
employment gains. In Ken
tucky's famous Bloody Har-
Ian" and Bloody Breathitt"
counties, for example, half
the population is in acute
need Of food, clothing and the
satisfaction of a job. This
was true months before the
people voted,
Evening star., 1961-02-22
RALPH McGHL

Distressed Areas Notes:
"You can't pay coal-digging
wages in pajama and shirt
factories and until we get
that settled 1t doesn't look as
If we will have any," said a
discouraged county official
from one of East Kentucky'S
ong-depressed counties. II
don't think we will ever solve
this problem until the UNIV
and the garment unions pro-
duce a cooperative act Of
craftsmanship"
A few queries revealed the
problem.
In the late 20s and 30s,
coal miners were, with al
most no exceptions, little
better than poems. They lived
in a company town, bought
at a company store at
marked-up prices, had a
company doctor. company
preacher and company law.
With the coming Of the New
Deal, the pendulum began to
swing the other way. John
L. Lewis earned the affection
and loyalty Of men, women
and children rescued from
wretchedness and degrada-
ton Of spirit which could be
matched only in the cotton
sharecroppers' cabins of the
depression years.
1t was dangerous to dig
coal. The working conditions
were harsh and unhealthy.
Because this was true, the
UNIV steadily drove up the
wage scale until it averaged
better than $40 per day. 1t Is
moot now to argue that coal
priced itself out of the mar
ket. 1t was neither possible
nor desirable to make men
dig coal for a pittance SO
their product could compete
with oil and natural gas. The
machines came and their
output can. and does, COM
pete, but fewer and fewer
men are needed. The mines
which were profitable only
Evening star., 1961-02-22
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

housewife voted Democratic last fall she's not
did right All this trouble in the Congo and Laos
and yesterday her electric washer broke down.
Republicans caught up in thrilling party race:
Nelson Rockefeller trying to rush them through the goth
century before Barry Goldwater repeals it,
of the astronau picked for the possible
first rocket ride This time don't hear those who
are left off the air demanding equal time
Treasury Secretary Dillon, Republican fights for the
Kennedy program Democrats say he's living proof
should not be judged by the company he kept.
Eternity: telephone connection and two teen-agers
No wonder the Kennedy is insstent the Govern
ment do something drastic about education Last fall most
college students unenlightened they favored Mr.
Nixon
Evening star., 1961-02-22
DAVID LAWRENCE

Some day the historians
may say that the Kennedy
administration marked a new
epoch In the American sys-
TEN of government-the be-
ginning Of the end of the SO
States in their traditional
and constitutional role.
For, without change of a
word in the Federal Consti-
tuition but by use of the
power Of appropriation Of
public funds, the States are
headed for q role h hardly
more important in the future
than that Of cities and coun-
ties.
Big government-central-
lied government - has been
given a new impetus.
This very week the Presi-
dent Of the United States has
propose d to Congress that
$5.6 billion be spent for edu-
cation - school construction
and teachers SalarieS-and
he has asked also that social
security taxes be raised to
finance various social pro-
grams.
What does it all mean?
Will the States hereafter be
merely vehicles for political-
party organizations to help
win a presidential election.
and will the States of smaller
population be continually
subsidized by the taxpayers
of other States? Perhaps the
clearest explanation, If not
propheSy, Of what is coming
was given the other day by
the new Under Secretary OF
Health, Education and We'll
fare, Ivan A. NeStingen. He
was formerly mayor Of Madi-
son, Wis. He was talking to
a session here Of the National
Industrial Conference Board,
and there were in the audi
ence the heads Of many of
the large businesses of the
country. He made this signif-
icant observation, which was
not fully reported in the
press:
"The question is, as has
fairly frequently been raised
to me: Why is it that on
questions Of education. on