davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-06-25
French Speed Sahara Rocket Tests

by a NASA rocket. She is seri-
ously considering several alternate
programs with solely European
flavor which she and Britain have
spearheaded in the last few
months. One plan would satellicize
European communications pay
load by the end Of 1864 by using
a multi-stage rocket produced in
Europe.
NueIeor Separation
Breakthroughs, although on a
smaller scale than the United
States or the USSR have re-
kindled their pride and conf.
dence. Pride compels them to con-
slider reaping the full measure Of
scientific recognition by continu-
ing their efforts independently.
Confidence backs their assertions
that in many cases it is cheaper to
go alone.
Repeatedly, their Pierreplatte
nuclear iSotope separation plant
cost only $500 million and the
first French A-bomb only $400
million. Others claim Thor-type
missile would be seven times
cheaper to produce in France.
Yet the door Is not closed on
Joint space projects with the
United States. Paris sources ad-
NIT the desirability Of placing in
strumentation packages in NASA
satellites for evaluation. This sp-
pears almost a paradox or q con-
tradiction, yet the change has hot
been Of heart or friendship, SIM
ply one Of a new French pride.
Some French scientists want to
avail themselves Of the oppor-
tunity to join NASA in some space
projects involving French-made
satellites, others assert an inde-
pendent effort would give France
more prestige even II the effort
is delayed a few years.
In the meantime, France is
committed to rocket development
and space research and each
French success, despite low budg-
cts, has caused many small ma
tions to re-evaluate their own
capabilities to join in the rocket
and space game.
Evening star., 1961-06-25

evaluated on the French range as
soon as they roll off the assembly
line in Europe.
The whole North African range
has three important natural ad-
vantages. Arid, flat and mostly
uninhabited land assures security.
Secondly, the very dry air facili-
tateS accurate optical tracking Of
missiles in flight and lastly, re-
covery Of spent vehicles or in
strumented payloads can be re-
covered simply and reliably on the
empty desert plateau.
Similar recovery assets have
been recognized by Western allies
who operate the three worlds
only other long, overland range
Woomera in Australia. The French
range, however, is the only large
one easily accessible to most NATO
countries.
ONERA, the French counter
part to the United States National
Aeronautics and Space Admins
tration, uses the Sahara facilities
as well as those of the French
Navy on Levant Island, q few
miles off the Riviera Coast in the
Mediterranean. Visiting NATO
warships conduct practice tests
against French drone targets
launched over the sea from Levant.
Security Problem
While French officials realize
a few nomads trek the ageless
routes of the Sahara, the only
security problem Of note took
place on Levant and not at
Colomb- Bechar. When plans to
use Levant as a test site were an
nounced an angry group of dele
gates from Levant'S nudist colony
protested and threatened some
type Of counterattack. Bewilder-
ed, but not outdone, French Scien-
lists won handily by using extra
"Scratchy" barbed wire.
No such embarrassment Is an
ticipated when research rocket
programs are initiated on Kergue-
Ion Island. It is located in the
south Indian Ocean and about
equally distant from Antarctica,
South Africa and Australia.
Evening star., 1961-06-25
Other Bills

With Congress heading down
what is likely to be a stretched
out. homestretch, this is its legis-
lative record on major items:
Aid to depressed areas: Passed
by. both houses and signed by
President.
Minimum wage increase: Passed
by both houses and signed by
President.
Omnibus housing: Passed by
both houses, now goes to joint
conference.
Temporary unemployment pay:
Passed by both houses and signed
by President.
General aid to education: Passed
by Senate; approved by House
committee, but not cleared for
debate. Future in doubt.
Aid to private -parOchial schools:
Approved by Senate Labor SUBJ
committee and three House Labor
Evening star., 1961-06-25
BY BERNARD PORTER
Contributing Writer

Spectacular launchings from
Cape Canaveral in the United
States and from Baykonur in the
Soviet Union have obscured
strides other nations are making
in rocketry. At least 20 nations
are working on scientific or mill
tary rockets and a few hope to
have their satellites orbited by
NASA during the next few years.
Achievements with rockets by
smaller countries are often over
looked but each national charac-
ter reflects progress in its mill
tary and political image. This also
is true in France where develop
ments at her two busiest missile
ranges have lifted confidence in
French scientific ability to de-
velop complex modern systems.
More than 5000 Frenchmen are
employed at one Of the worlds
most-active ranges which stretches
across the Sahara Desert. Here,
at Colomb- -Bechar, rockets have
been tested in growing numbers
each week since the first was
launched in December, 1949. More
than $3.50 rockets have been fired
in the last two years and PreSi-
dent de Gaulle's famous Program
Law requires a new 2,000-mile
firing corridor southeastward into
the midlandS Of the Republic of
Chad, member of the French
Community and formerly part of
French Equatorial Africa.
Nucleor Striking Force
Under the Program Law. two
and q half billion dollars is pro-
vided to develop a nuclear strike
force including long range mis-
siles. Planning this new corridor
and an extension of one south
ward for about $50 miles to Tin
douf near the Mauritanian border
Is required to accommodate the
new rocket vehicles.
Moreover, NATO is setting up
facilities at one Of the many
individual ranges comprising
Colomb- -Bechar. NATO- produced
Hawk missiles will be tested and
Evening star., 1961-06-25
Continued From Page D-1

=. Continued From Page D-1
the House last week. Result, vic
tory by 235 to 178.
With this measure now headed
for conference with q similar,
slightly more expensive, bill
passed by the Senate, President
Kennedy soon is expected to sign
into law the third item of his
big. five legislative program.
The lure for Southern Demo-
Gratis on the housing measure was
a combination.
First, there was a money grant.
The administration had asked for
$50 million for community facility
loans which go primarily to small
towns. Administration managers
in the House upped the amount
to $500 million by amendment.
In addition, the farm housing
loan program was doubled to $400
million and its provisions were
extended to cover certain areas
designated rural, non-farm."
Evening star., 1961-06-25
The Soviet Threot

A year ago, as independence
dawned, the Congo seemed likely
to become a major channel for
Soviet influence in central Africa.
The imperial ambitions of Ghana,
Guinea, and the United Arab Re-
public were, in some ways, almost
as serious a threat.
The West. represented by Bel
gium, was despised - not merely
in the Congo itself, but increas-
ingly in other parts of Black
Africa.
The Congolese army had gone
almost totally out of control. Po-
litical chaos, virtually unrestrained
rapine and murder, famine, epi-
demic. and collapse of the whole
economic life of the country were
either realities or seemed newt
able.
Above all, civil war on the
Spanish model, with similar out
side intervention, homeland as
Evening star., 1961-06-25
: BY NARANJAN S. UPPAL
Continuing Writer


NEW DELHI Criticism of the
United States administration con-
tinues unabated in official and
non-official circles in Pakistan in
spite of the statement Of Ambas-
sador William Rountree reaffirm-
nag that there has been no modifi-
cation in the United States atti-
tude toward Pakistan.
This is the first 'hate u. s. A."
campaign which PakiStan has seen
since it came into existence IA
years ago. 1t has been the United
States trusted ally in the anti
Communist defense ring.
After Mr.. Kennedy's election as
President, PakiStan had become
skeptical about continued United
States interest in its development
and military value. Assurances
given by Mr.. Kennedy himself
we're not taken at their face value.
Then came Vice President john
sonS reported request to Indian
Prime Minister Nehru, during the
formers recent tour Of Southeast
Asia, that the latter extend his
leadership to Asia.
This ignited the present contro-
versy. Adding to the flames has
been the "Scanty ALLEGATION" of
$500 million by the World Bank
sponsored conSortium for Pakis-
tan's Second Plan. 1t had asked
for $3.50 million. 1t was taken as
indicative of the Kennedy ad-
ministration's bias toward India"
sPakistaniS had already been crit
lcai' Of the present United States
Governments apparent unwilling
ness to take sides in the Kashmir
dispute.
The Friendly Ties
Mr.. Rountree's statement
sought to meet all these points.
He declared that Mr.. Johnson's
remark reflected his earnest hope
that the free world leaders in
this area, collectively and indi-
vidually, would bring their in
fluence to bear on matters Of
common interest" There was,
and is, no question Of the United
States wishing to suggest that
the leadership Of one nation
should be imposed upon Others"
he added.
The Ambassador said the United
States continued to regard PAX
istan as "one of its oldest friends"
He hoped that the Kashmir issue
can be resolved equitably through
negotiations between Pakistan
and India, the countries directly
involved"
The fact that Mr.. Rountree had
deemed it necessary to issue the
statement is much more impor-
tant than its contents.
This statement has, however,
been interpreted as a sign Of
weakness and indecision. It has
only strengthened the hope in
Rawalpindi that it might 1ot be
too late to compel the Kennedy
Evening star., 1961-06-25

The only issue to cloud the fu-
ture of Colomb- -Bechar was gen.
Grated recently by Algerian rebels
negotiating with the French at
Evian-leS-BainS. They demanded,
just before recent suspension of
the peace talks, that the two Sa-
haran Departments-Saoura and
OaSeS-be incorporated into Al
geria.
Colomb-Bechar is located in
Saouri Department so miles south
of the Algerian border along the
Morocco side. The bigger rockets,
such as the MATRA and NORD
military models and the Veronique
research rocket are launched 10
miles further south at HANNA
guir.
Vost Mineral Resources
The rebel bid apparently is
aimed at acquiring the vast
mineral resources where over a
billion dollars has been invested
in natural gas, oil, manganese and
other minerals since 1852. The
bid was cody received by the
French and angry howlS were
heard from other African nations
with ideas Of their own on the
Sahara's future.
1t is obvious that the strategic
Importance Of the Saharan de-
partments is not limited to mineral
resources but encompasses tangible
military and scientific values as
well. F-...
One widely used missile by many
NATO countries including the
United States is q NORD anti
tank weapon which was tested
and proved here. It is so accurate,
say some, that its only limitation
is the ability of human vision to
distinguish targets 2 miles away.
Other weapons, important in
building a credible limited war
capability to neutralize Commu-
mist armed aspirations, are tested
weekly in the Sahara and impor-
tant space research projects will
soon unfold.
France is now debating whether
to join the American offer Of joint
space projects which could include
the orbiting Of q French satellite
Evening star., 1961-06-25

administration to return to the
policy Of the late John Foster
Dulles.
Most Pakistan newspapers have
not accepted Mr.. Rountree's as
surance that there has been no
change in United States policy
toward PakiStan. His reference
to military and economic aid has
only melted the retort that the
United States gives greater aid
to "the main enemy" Qndia) and
that what it gives to Pakistan is
hardly sufficient for the latter's
needs.
India has a population Of 438
million against Pakistan's "a mil
lion and the fact that India's
plan Is four times that Of PAX
istan are facts widely ignored.
Even during its Second Plan,
Pakistan would get nearly double
the assistance of $1,168 million it
received during the 10 years end
ing in June, 1860. The Western
nations have already made a COM
mitment Of $3.50 million for the
first two years, and the United;
States commodity agreement, now
being completed, would be worth
$3.50 million. And Pakistan can ex-
pect the same level Of assistance
during the other three years Of
the plan.
Ayub Khon's Reaction
Pakistan newspapers. which
under the present military rule
can only comment with govern
ment's inspiration, feel that the
United States present policies
would advance rather than retard
the cause Of Communism. These
policies have set in motion "a
wind Of psychological change" in
Asia which would so condition the
minds Of the people in this region
as to make them "apathetic to
dangers Of communism"
Evening star., 1961-06-25

denying vigorously, Of course. that
it was doing any such thing. The
u. N. in effect provided the essen
tials of government. kept order,
and maintained it for themselves,
and were fanatically unwilling to
let the Belgians or any other
"colonialiSts" do 1t.
Evening star., 1961-06-25
The Bright Prospect

Now, at long last, with the con-
vening Of Parliament, it is begin
ming to look as If the Congolese
may be able to govern themselves.
Even the army has submitted to
temporary local disarming-a re-
markable demonstration of disci-
pline, by contrast with a year ago.
What has happened? The es-
sential ingredients Of the change
were these:
0 The murder of Lumumba. At
first, this grim act contributed
only to deeper turmoil; now, five
months later, it has emerged as
an important ingredient in the
solution. With Lumumba alive,
there might never have been sta
bility.
Q India's decisive intervention.
The dispatch of some 5000 tough
Gurkha troops to Katanga In
Evening star., 1961-06-25

tractors would cost about $2s mil
Evening star., 1961-02-09
BY. VIOLET FAULKNER
Food Editor Of The star

@ @~@N~s ~ SAS SN~e
There's no need to
panic when you're asked
to head the food COM
mittee for a church sup
per, the PTA gathering
or a charity bazaar.
The first thing to do,
Of course. is decide on the
menu. Once that's settled,
sit down with paper and
pencil and go to work. The
success \of any affair &.
large orN small is in the
planning. So. If you're COM
mittee chairman, do your
paper work caH6ully and
you'll avoid many q pitfall
later.
Check the recipes you're
going to use and make out
q detailed grocery list. Don't
trust your memory in
the rush Of things you're 50
apt to forget the most i'm
portant item.
Write out q work sched-
ule for your committee help
ers. Check on the supply Of
linen. silver and dishes . {.
are they clean, do you have
enough? If it's your first
time to work in an unfamil-
lar kitchen, be sure to check
the oven Of the range and the
broiler, If that will be Ased.
Some community kitchens
are better equipped than
others. so double-check on
such things as serving spoons,
wire whiSks for stirring gra-
vies. mixing bowls and knives
for carving. Make sure all
parts OF the coffee urn are
on hand. large dripping pans
for baking meats, etc.. and
above all an adequate can
opener.
The menu for a community
party pictured here starts
off with V-8 juice. 1t can be
served hot or cold. as you
desire. Featured as the main
dish are beef roulades with
mushroom sauce. The rou-
ladies', made with flank
steak. can be prepared at
home and toted to the sup
per, or made on the scene.
In the interest Of time and
effort, instant mashed po-
tatoes fill the bill for this
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Chicken q Ia King

12S cups (12 ounceS) chicken
fat
314 cups "a ounces) flour
gallon chicken stock
quart milk
! pound (524 cups) fresh
mushrooms, sliced
2 tablespoons chopped onion
Ia cup e ounces) fat
2s cup (5s ounces) egg yolkS
Salt to taste
334 quarts 6 poundG
chicken meat, cooked and
cubed
2 cups chopped green peppers
2 cups chopped pimientos
Melt chicken fat, add flour
and blend. Heat stock to
boiling and add flour mix
ture, stirring vigorously with
a wire whip, Add scalded
milk and cook Z to 10 min
utes. Saute mushrooms and
onion in the 8 ounces Of fat
and add to white sauce. Beat
egg yolks. mix with a little
Of the white sauce and add to
remainder Of sauce, stirring
vigorously. Add salt to taste.
Fold in the chicken. green
peppers and pimientos. Serve
on toast, in bread cases,
Evening star., 1961-02-09

South. Supplies are light and
prices q bit stiff at the pres
ent. Hot house rhubarb. an
other harbinger Of spring. is
trickling in from Michigan
and for weeks we've been see-
ing the tiny red cherry to-
matoes around in the mar
kets.
It's New
Not a new product but new
to the Washington area Is
Wilson's hand-trimmed lean
bacon. Hand-trimmed means
the fatty ends have been cut
off the slices. Thus, the COM
pany points out, this bacon
is higher in protein per pound
; because protein is, Of course,
contained in the lean meat
and the proportion Of lean to
fat is larger.
The consumer service de-
partment Of Wilson suggests
baking the bacon. Just place
slices on a rack in q shallow
pan with the fat edge Of
each slice overlapping the
lean edge Of the next slice.
Bake IS minutes or so in a
350-degree oven. No turning
or draining Is needed. The
bacon will be crisp but not
brittle.
Just off the press is the
fourth in the series Of recipe
leaflets compiled by the Ma
tional Gamers Association.
The latest one is titled "15
Star Desserts" Included are
recipes for some old favorities
because Of consumer demand
plus exciting new ones you'll
want to try. A real show
stopper is the fruit cocktail
Romanoff. The leaflet is
yours for the asking. Ad-
dress your requests to the
Consumer Service Division,
National Gamers Association,
1888 Twentieth street, NV.
Washington 6, D. c.
". F.
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Chill Con curne

cup q ounces) shortening
3 cups (1A pounds) finely
chopped onions
IS cloves garlic e ounces),
31a quarts q pounds)
ground beef
6 tablespoons Q1a ounceS)
chilli powder
tablespoon salt
teaspoon red pepper
! teaspoon pepper
3 cans e pounds 8 ounce
size) condensed tomato
soup
6 quarts q No. 10 cans) red
kidney beans
Melt shortening in o heavy
pan; add onion. garlic and
beef; brown lightly. Add sea-
SoningS, soup and beans.
Cook slowly about 80 minutes.
stirring occasionally. Makes
so 8-ounce servings.
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Feeding a Crowd Takes
Thoughtful Planning

part Of the meal. Remember
that each consumer pack
age serves eight. Every
kitchen has facilities for
heating water, so these can
be done at the last minute
and served piping hot from
q comfortable -sized bowl.
Carrots are always Q safe
vegetable, especially when
garnished with butter and
chopped parsley. Allow q
pound of carrots for four to
five servings.
Cabbage slaw answers the
salad need allow approx
imately a pound Of raw cab
bage for each four servings.
Multiply for the number
you'll be serving.
Our dessert for this sup
per is the easiest ever i.
individual frozen dessert pies.
Take your choice Of four
kinds Of fruit apple,
peach, blueberry or cherry
mince, pumpkin or Gus
tard.
We have included q buying
chart listing the main meats
and vegetables as well as
two types Of coffee the
instant and the ground. All
Of the amounts given will
make so servings. In addition
are a couple Of quantity
recipes planned to make a.
so servings.
Evening star., 1961-02-09

MEAT
Ground beef (for patties)
Round steak
Rib roast (bone-in)
Ham, uncooked (bone-in)
Ham, cooked (bone-in)
Ham, canned (boned)
Fresh ham (bone-in)
Pork loin (bone-in)
Chicken, for frying
Turkey, ready to cook
VEGETABLES
Frozen
10-14-ounce packages
40-ounce packages
Canned
Fresh
Green beans
Cabbage (for slaw)
Peas
Potatoes (baked)
Potatoes (mashed)
Tomatoes (sliced)
COFFEE
Instant
Ground
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Beef RouIudes

6 flank steaks az pounds
each)
6 cups bread Stuffing
" cup shortening
3 cups water
2 cans (101a ounces each)
condensed cream Of
mushroom soup
Spread each flank steak
with ! cup stuffing. Roll as
for jelly roll; tie securely.
Brown each roll in shorten
ing; arrange close together
in baking pan (101ax151a
inches). Add water to drip
pings: pour over meat. Cover
pan with foil; bake In moder-
ate oven $3.50 degrees) IA
hours or until tender. Turn
occasionally and baste during
cooking. For sauce, remove
excess fat from drippings.
Blend soup into drippings.
Evening star., 1961-02-09

the phoephOAss In milk (needed for teeth
and bone growth) twice the iron found in
beefsteak -. twice the Vitamin A of codliver
o1... and high content Of Lecithir, Vitamin
D, and natural iodine.
"Summev-eaugiIt" bVisllnes
mean prime quality sardInes
King Oscar Sardines are only those choice
brislings caught in their prime, in the season
when they are at their peak of perfection
small Of size, delicate of texture and favor.
Smoked over oak for unique, pIquant flavor
The elusive, tantalizing favor your family
and guests will love in King Oscar Sardines,
10 due to their light smoking over logs of
carefully selected oak.
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Stuffinq

4 tablespoons shortening
- cup finely chopped celery
4 tablespoons finely chopped
onion
2 quarts (1a-inch) soft bread
cubes
2 teaspoons salt
"a teaspoon pepper
u teaspoon sage or marjoram
! or 2 eggs, beaten
u, cup bouillon or milk
Melt shortening in skillet;
add celery and onion and
saute until tender. Combine
with soft bread cubes, salt,
pepper, and sage. Add beaten
egg and bouillon and mix
well.
Evening star., 1961-02-09


This week. however, 7-inch
standing rib roasts, rolled
rib roastS ana a good
lineup Of steaks outnumber
the less expensive cuts such
aS rump roasts. The steaks
being featured include sir
loin, bonelesS round, T-bone,
porterhouse and rib.
II you're looking for a cut
to make an excellent pot
roast you'll find specials on
bone1ess round, sirloin tip
and boneleSS rump.
Leg Of lamb and loin lamb
chops are also high on the
weeks list Of good buys. And
the same holds for all cuts
Of pork from loin roasts to
shoulder chops.
The top value in poultry
this week goes to fryerS.
Shoppers will find good buys
In both whole and cut-up
fryers as well as the separate
breasts, legs, wings, necks
and backs.
This is the week to re-
stock the home freezer with
frozen fruits, vegetables and
juices. You'll find some top
notch bargains in all three
categories.
In fish departments, fresh
scallops, sea bass and bass
filletS, butterfish, Norfolk
spots, halibut, m e dunn
shrimp, founder fillets and
deviled crabs are the best
buys.
Heavy shipments Of cab
bage put this leafy vegetable
at the head of the best buy
list among vegetables. Other
values for the week include
slicing tomatoes, iceberg let
tuce, celery, broccoli and
cauliflower. In fruits, Florida
grapefruit, Temple and navel
oranges, red Rome and Wine
sap apples, and dates top the
list.
Adding a breath of spring
to the wintery scene are the
Strawberries that are begin
ming to come in from the
Evening star., 1961-02-09

patty shells or on Chinese
noodles. Makes 4S servings,
6 ounces each.
Note: For the amount Of
chicken to buy for the above
amount: ! Stewing hen,
weighing 5 to 6 pounds, will
yield approximately ! pound
2 ounces Of cooked chicken
meat, 21a quarts stock, and
6 ounces Of fat.
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Cabbage SIow

cup vinegar
! quart mayonnaise or sour
cream
! cup sugar
Salt and pepper to taste
4 pounds cabbage, shredded
Combine vinegar, mayon-
naise or sour cream. and
seasonings. Add to cabbage
just before serving. Makes
"a servings.
Evening star., 1961-02-09

Add additional water, II
needed. Slice each meat roll
into eight slices q per per-
SOM. making Q total Of "a
servings.
Evening star., 1961-02-09
ALHE MARKET
4 YBAsKET
Beef q HeudIiner

Beef roasts, hearty fare for this freezing winter
weather we're having top the headline parade in
local supermarkets and food chains this week.
Supplies of beef are running somewhat ahead
Of last year but most Of the increase is in the stew
hamburger and pot roast category
Evening star., 1961-02-09
Buying Chart

Amount
16 to II lbs.
IL to 20 lbs.
20 to % lbs.
% lbs.
"a lbs.
10 to IL lbs.
% lbs.
20 to IS lbs.
80 to IS lbs.
IS to 38 lbs.
Is packages
3-4 packages
IL No. 2 or
2 to 8 No. 10 cans
IL lbs.
8 lbs.
Is to 80 lbs
20 lbs.
is lbs.
10 lbs.
2 (2-ounce jars)
2 cans Il to 2 cups
per serving)