davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1961-07-07
By the Associated Press

The Federal Communications
Commission has notified West
ern Electric Co., wholly owned
subsidiary Of the American
Telephone & Telegraph Co..
that it appears to be making
too much profit on its equip
ment sales to the Bell Tele-
phone System.
Such profits, as part Of costs,
are a factor in telephone rate
making.
The commission advise d
Western Electric to give imme-
diate consideration to q reduc-
ton in it's Bell System pricingS.
involving retroactive adjust
mentS in 1860 billings to Bell
companies.
The FEC said it had noted
that Western Electric earnings
on Bell sales last year amounted
to 1912 per cent and asserted
that this appears excessive. /"
In a separate but related ac-
ton the FEC announced pro-
posal to order both upward and
downward adjustments in the
rates charged by AT&T and
Western Union Telegraph Co.
for private line service.
At the same time, the COM
mission tentatively rejected a
petition by the American News
paper Publishers Association
and other press interests that
the companies be required to
re-eStablish a special reduced
rate classification for press
users Of private lines such as
was offered until 1913.
Cost Study Asked
The commission also made
public a letter to AT&T in
which it asked that company
to go forward promptly with a
cost study on it's overseas COM
municationS services to reflect
the current level of earnings"
on this international business.
The commission said it has
never had sufficient data on
which ito properly evaluate"
the earnings level.
The announcements relating
to private line charges, which
have been under FEC nvesti-
cation for three years, were in
the form of an initial decision"
by the commission, which will
be subject to comment by
interested parties before any
final action is taken. The COM
mission Sc Il the initial decision
itself will be made public next
week.
Rate Raised in 1858
Private line service. widely
used by newspapers, industries
and individual businessmen, in
wolves the supplying of a pri-
vate telephone line or private
telegraph line for the exclusive
use Of the customer. The serv-
Ice may be on continuous "a
hour basis or for given seq
ments of the day. The rates
are generally related to mile
age and the types of terminal
equipment used.
Evening star., 1961-04-18
AVID LAWRENCE
Khrushchev's InfIexibiIity

unfavorable about Mr.. Khru-
shchev must have smiled as
they read this wanton dis
regard of the amenities" by
the Russian dictator himself.
The Soviet Premier as usual
throws out hints and accu-
sations which he knows are
groundleSs, but he never fails
to put these suspicious into
conversations he has with
American writers or mem
bers of Congress. To say,
as Mr.. Khrushchev did, that
the forces behind the Ken
nedy administration" can be
summed up "in the one word
Rockefeller" is to imply
that the President is un-
der some powerful influence
eXerted by the New York
Governor. The American
people and all the European
observers who have been
here know this isn't so, but
it suits Mr.. Khrushchev to
say it, largely because he has
to find some way to insinu-
ate that Mr.. Kennedy is not
a free agent and will not be
making his own decisions.
Everyone who knows Mr..
Kennedy - including the
Russian Ambassador here
can tell Mr.. Khrushchev that
the President has an inde-
pendent mind. But if, by
all this twaddle, the Soviet
Premier hopes to doWngrade
the American President or to
regard him as a weakling
who will koWtow to the Rus
sian dictator, he has the sur
prise of his life in store for
him.
For the net effect Of such
an attitude as Mr.. Khru-
shchev displays toward cur
rent questions is to increase
distrust Of the Kremlin and
to stimulate efforts here to
strengthen the American
military position so that, If
the dictator in his bluff tao
tics goes to the brink of war,
the United States will not be
found yielding but without
flinching will accept the chal-
lenge.
CCopyrisht 196D
Evening star., 1961-04-18
California Governor Believes Nixon
Is Preparing a FuH-Speed Drive

ditfonal votes in the elec-
toral college in 1864.
The potential damage to
Kennedy congressional ma
jorities in 1862 and directly
to the President himself in
1864 is clear. Also, California
Democrats send liberals to
the House on whom Mr.. Ken
nedy can rely. With New
York destined to stay under
Republican control next year,
Democrats dare not neglect
California.
California Democrats think
they understand Mr.. Nixon
better than Washington does.
They do not believe he is ca
pable of a waiting game; they
expect him to plunge in
hardly and harshly. The
more he is snubbed by an
tagonists of his titular lead
ership Of his party the more
action they expect from him.
Kennedy political strategistS
also are being warned of a
possible upset in the Los
Angeles mayoralty contest.
This paradoxically, will make
their problems more difficult,
even though a Democrat
may win.
For the Democratic can
Evening star., 1961-04-18
Anti Cdstro Drive Iona Planned

the democracy" Of Senor
Miro Cardona and his close
associates. That committee
held prolonged hearings last
year at which Cuban patriots
all anti-Batista who par
ticipated in the overthrow
of Fulgencio Batista-testi-
fled.
They all pointed out that
the group of anti-Castroites
which the State Department
and the CIA supported NOR
ally and financially have
been strong supporters Of
the Cuban "fuehrer" and
were his tools until less than
year ago. They broke, the
witnesses who appeared be-
for the subcommittee teSti-
fled under oath, not only be-
cause they differed from the
Fidelistas ideologically, but
because Of internal jealousies
and squabbles.
Senor Miro Cardona, who
was Castro's prime minister
at the outset of the revolu-
ton, subscribed to all the
horrors and misdeeds, includ-
ing mass executions, by FL
del and Raul Castro and Che
GueVara. He was denoted to
the rank of ambassador to
Madrid, where he decided to
break with his fellow Com
munist revolutionaries. Those
familiar with the intrigues
and wire pullings of the vari-
GUS Cuban refugee groups in
this country express the view
that if a government headed
by Miro Cardona were es-
tablished in Havana, should
the present counter-revolu-
ton succeed, there will be not
much change in the totali-
tartan policies of Castro.
But, and this is important
to all of us, Miro Cardona
may adopt at least initially
a more friendly policy to-
ward the United States with
out, however, breaking the
ties with international COM
muniSm
Evening star., 1961-04-18
Growing Revolt in the Big Cities
And Adjacent Areas Is Found

There is increasing resent
ment, not always justified,
against the big farmer. He
often is not a farmer at all,
but a corporate enterprise of
large proportions.
The great mass of people
in the cities - the clerks,
office workers and those In
service Jobs whose weekly
wage goes largely for food -
are aware that the small
farmer gets little or nothing
of the 81 billion. Those farm
ers who really need help
don't get 1t - and shopping
for food becomes more ex-
penSlVe.
There is another factor,
minor in comparison with the
first, which must be in
cluded in the vague feelings
Of resentment. The con-
sumer today wants packaged
food. He buys more and more
frozen items. This adds
greatly to the processing
cost. But when the customer
reads that the farmer re-
ceives a relatively thin slice
Of the food dollar, he feels
that somehow both he and
the farmer are innocent VIC
Tins in some sort of incom-
prehensible economic squeeze.
These two points add up to
Evening star., 1961-04-18
DORIS FLEESON

Gov. Edmund G. (Pat)
Brown of California is here
this week with a satchelful of
thorny State problems in one
hand and in the other an
equally large satchel Of
knotty political questions for
President Kennedy to pom
der.
Mr.. Brown is convinced
that the sustained attack on
him by Richard Nixon which
is now well under way means
that Mr.. Nixon intends to
run against him. It is taken
for granted that the former
Vice President would be an
extremely formidable candi-
date.
Even If Mr.. Nixon SHES off
for any reason, it is not ex-
pected that he will ease his
efforts to earn Republican
standing and gratitude by
knocking the Democratic
Party and all its leaders,
starting with President Ken
nedy and emphasizing the
California contingent.
The phenomenal popula-
ton explosion in California
is continuing. The State goes
from 80 to 38 members in the
United States House of Rep
resentatives next year. which
means it will have eight ad-
Evening star., 1961-04-18
Pat Brown Arrives With Problems

didate seen as out in front is
Sam Yorty, a former Con-
gresham and Democratic
candidate for the Senate in
1854. Denied denomination in
1856, he has been a bitter
and discontented Democrat
who will be hard to handle
by the party, locally and
nationally.
Some influential Democrats
are openly supporting Los
Angeles Mayor Norris Poul-
son, the former Republican
Congressman who has served
since 1858. They include Mr..
Kennedy's Southern Califor-
mia manager, Jesse M. Unruh,
and former National Com
mitteeman Paul Ziffren.
BY and large, the Los
Angeles mayoralty has never
been considered a partisan
political race. Mr.. Poulson's S
principal difficulty this year
seems to be his health, which
has prevented him from a
vigorous campaign.
Mr.. Nixon will take the
Los Angeles limelight June l
at a huge Embarrassing din
ner. The mayoralty election
is May 81. Should the Yorty
upset materialize, it is not
hard to see who would be
hailed as the No. /, almost
one and only Republican
leader Of a State almost
wholly now in Democratic
hands.
Evening star., 1961-04-18
Dictator Called Adomont and Defiant
In Insinuutions Against u. S.

reason he gives is that such
tests were designed to per-
feet small tactical weapons.
He says the Russians haven't
wanted to produce them be-
cause they are expensive and
are not decisive.
Just why expense should
bother Mr.. Khrushchev is a
mystery, for at will he can
deprive the Soviet people of
the benefits of a higher
standard of living by con-
centrating the use of their
hard-earned funds on any,
thing from a sputnik to a
nuclear device. He doesn't
hesitate to spend the money
Of the people of the Soviet
Union on a very new and
gadgety swimming pool"
which Mr.. Lippmann men
toned as one of the sights
he saw at the Khrushchev
headquarters on the shore
of the Black Sea.
The Soviet Premier lost no
opportunity during this in
terview to get across to those
who will be reading it his
hostility to the American ef-
fort to work out a disarma-
ment agreement. AS usual, he
becomes personal and attacks
John J. McCloy, the man
chosen by President Kennedy
to head up the disarmament
planning for the Unite d
States. Mr.. K hrush c h v
claims that Mr.. McCloy is
primarily a believer in arma-
mentS. but the unpalatable
truth which faces the Soviet
Premier is that the new head
of the American disarmament
group just doesn't want to see
an agreement signed which
would give the Russians any
opportunity to cheat.
Yet Mr.. Khrushchev speaks
Of the selection Of Mr..
McCloy as "a case of asking
the goat to look after the
cabbage patch" American
generals and admirals whose
speeches are promptly CEN
sored If they say anything
Evening star., 1961-04-18

There is at least a tenuous
political relevancy between a
warning to the Nations farm
ers by Secretary of Agricul-
ture Orville Freeman, and
the findings reported in the
remarkably candid election
analysis released by the Re-
publican National Committee.
Secretary Freeman told
Midwestern farmers that the
emergency feed grain bill was
passed with heavy urban
support. The plan calls for
a 20 per cent cut in corn and
grain sorghum acreage, with
a S1.20-a-bushel support price
for participating farmers.
The Secretary warned that
If the farmers failed to sup
port the feed-grain program,
the city Congressman would
then decide nothing can be
done.
The one surprise to Repub-
licans in their election report
was that their vote in su-
burbia, the legendary reser-
vation Of the conservative
organization man." fell far
short Of what the prophets
and the polls had predicted.
In other words, since the
grip Of city machines has not
been extended to suburbs, the
residents of suburbia feel
they have a close identity of
national political interests
WIN Cner m tropolitaI an
neighbors. This would not
necessarily follow in local or
even congressional elections.
But nationally it is true - or
was last November.
One Of the issues in which
city and suburban residents
are united is a growing re-
bellion against the agricul-
tural price-support program.
This is not to say there is any
general understanding of it.
There isn't. But what is COM
monty understood is that the
taxpayers are paying out
about 81 billion annually and
the problem worsens rather
than improves.
Evening star., 1961-04-18
DAVID LAWRENCE

Nikita KhruShc hev Is
adamant, defiant and inflex-
ible. He has no present in
tention of making an agree
ment on disarmament or nu-
clear testing. He is con-
vinced the United States has
no leverage over him and,
therefore, cannot make him
change his rigid policies that
now threaten the peace OF
the world.
These impressions are de-
rived from a reading of the
positive views of the Soviet
Premier. as revealed in an
interview obtained in Russia
by Walter Lippmann and
published this week.
Mr.. KhruShchev is ap-
parently relieved that what
is called the Dulles doc
trine"-that the neutrality
of small states is allegedly
"immoral"-haS been aban-
doned by the United States.
But further on the Soviet
Premier declares rather in
consistently that he doesn't
think there is really such a
thing as neutrality" of in
dividuals. This must mean,
of course, also the persons
who head governments. He
is, indeed, reported as say
ing that he would never ac-
cept a neutral to administer
the proposed disarmament
agreement, for he wouldn't
entrust the security of the
Soviet Union to any foreign
er. Mr.. Lippmann concludes
that in Mr.. KhruShchev's
view there can be inter-
national cooperation only
if in the administration as
well as in the policy-making,
the Soviet Union has a veto"
Perhaps the most interest
ing piece of information the
Soviet premier conveyed was
in relation to nuclear wea-
pons. He insisted that Rus
sia had never done any un-
derground testing and never
will. This is incredible. The
Evening star., 1961-04-18
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Some Doubt as to the Democracy
Of the Revolt Leader Is Noted

In exchange for the Reds
illuSory promises Castro
placed at the complete dis
posal of international COM
munism the country which
he had tricked into accepting
him as the great liberator.
Not only did his emisSarieS
as well as the Chinese, Rus
slams, and CZechs disguised
as technical experts" con-
duct their vicious propa-
ganda throughout the West
ern hemisphere, but Cuba
was, according to reliable
but unconfirmed reports, in
a fair way of becoming a
naval and military base for
the Red forces. According to
these reports, emanating not
only from Cuban refugees,
the Soviet Union was prepar-
ing submarine bases and
la un hing pads in that
country.
Should the counter-revolu-
ton be successful, which at
this writing is still uncertain,
there is no doubt that its
triumph would be one of the
greatest setbacks for interna-
national communism so far
in this area of the world and
might partially at least,
counterbalance it's advances
in Laos and other parts of
Asia.
Administration officials are
keeping diScreetly silent over
the present developments in
Cuba in order to confirm the
contention that this country
had nothing to do with the
coup. Other quarters, how
ever, are already expressing
the opinion that the new
group which may take over
is cut from the same cloth as
the Fidelistas. Members of the
Senate Internal Security sub
committee, in particular, are
expressing their doubts about
Evening star., 1961-04-18
Dalton to Seek
Bur Presidency

Donald H. Dalton, a Wash
| ington attorney, has been
nominated for the presidency
Of the District Bar Association
by a petition of the groups
members.
Mr.. Dalton, now first vice
president of the association, is
associate editor of the Journal
of the Bar Association, public
relations adviser to the Amer
lean Bar Associations section
on Judicial Administration and
Evening star., 1961-04-18

a director of the Legal Aid
Society Of the District.
He said If he is elected he
will set up a special commit
tee to study the proposed re-
vision of Judicial Canon 35,
which deals with courtroom
photographs and broadcasting.
Mr.. Dalton, who is married
and has four children, lives at
1903 Sprindell place, Chevy
Chase, Md.
Two other candidates for the
presidency of the association
were nominated by a nominat-
ing committee, F. Joseph
CJiggs) Donohue and Edward
Campbell.
Evening star., 1961-04-18
RALPH McGILL
Suburbid and the Farmer

a growing revolt against the
farmer in the big city con-
gressional districts. And the
congressman hear from their
constituents. The housewife
in suburbia shares this griev-
ance with her city neighbor.
1t by no means fully explains
why the suburbs deserted Mr..
Nixon for Mr.. Kennedy. But
it helps.
The story Of the cities in
the 1860 election becomes the
more significant If one pur-
sues the analysis even briefly.
The G. o. P. report sets out
that, Of the 40 cities in the
Nation with population above
100000, Mr.. Kennedy cap
tured 26.
But most Of Mr.. Nixon's
were in the South and West.
Many Southerners voted for
him not because he was a
Republican, but because of
the Democratic party's posi-
ton on civil rights and the
belief that Mr.. Nixon would
be much less positive in that
field than Mr.. Kennedy. Mr.
NiXon's other city victories
were nearly all in the West,
which favored the old farm
plan.
The Kennedy victory came
in cities of the pivotal States
east Of the Mississippi. That
suburbia around these urban
centerS, considered citadels
Of Republican strength, also
went for Mr., Kennedy, is sig
rificant.
Evening star., 1961-04-18

Preparations for the pres
ent developments in Cuba
were carefully made for
more than a year, and at
this writing it appears that
the days of the Castro regime
may be numbered.
The cloak and dagger serv-
ices of the United States
participated b. hind tn e
scenes with advice about
guerrilla tactics and espe-
cially subsidies. While there
is good deal of doubt in the
minds of many in Washing
ton about the color" of the
group of anti-Castroites led
by Fid el Castro's former
prime minister, Jose Miro
Cardona, there Is no doubt
that a successful coup would
be a major setback for the
Soviet Union and Communist
China.
Both the Red countries
have embraced Fidel and
Raul Castro and Che Cue
vara with enthusiasm. They
organized Cuba in accord
ance with the image of in
ternational comm unism.
Through the more than two
years since the Fidelistas
have been in office, Cuba has
become the first real beach
head Of international COM
muniSm in the Western
Hemisphere.
When the United States,
under very active provoca-
tionS and insults by the Fl
delistas, decided to cut off all
trade relations with Cuba,
the Russians and Chinese
Immediately offered to abb
sorb the islands export
products. Moscow and Pei
ping promised Castro and
the Cuban people unlimited
assistance from the "un-
limited" reservoir of wealth
OF the great peoples repuh-
lies. But these promises, like
all others made by countries
under Communist regimes
proved to be Just promises
The economic assistance pro-
vided by Russia and China
was a mere drop in the buc-
ket compared to what Cuba
used to get from trade with
the United States.
Evening star., 1961-04-18
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Cuba is with space age the invasion
slogan is Cuba 81. Castro naught"
The season for world power conferences on Kennedy
met with Adenauer Macmillan while Khrushchev went
to the summit with Walter Lippmann
Kennedy attends Mddleburg hunt for only 10
minutes goes by the old political maxim The only
thing around that Democratic boy
Dick Nixon gathers Republican advice for his May
speeches Sample suggestion Challenge Kennedy series
of debates-with Rockefeller and Goldwater.
Goal Of the Cuban counter er-revoluon To liberae at
least Havana TV channel from Castro's fve-hour
speeches.
Evening star., 1961-09-28
WxN LOSE OR DRAW
Different People, Same Results
BY FRANCIS STANN

1T IS MANIFESTLY UNFAIR to both
parties to compare Ralph Houk the current
Yankee genius, and Casey Stengel, his
predecessor. But it has been done and is
being done.
In fact, one of the national sports
magazines Squash, skin diving, curling,
etc. seems to have lined itself Solidly
behind Houk, undoubtedly to the Majors
discontinue. "The 1861 Yankees are dis
tinctively and decidedly Ralph Houk's," it
prOclaims.
with his own ways of handling per-
sonnel and his own strategy he has pro-
duced a New York team as good as Casey
Stengel's BEST" the reader is assured. "He
de-emphasized the role of manager .
junked Stengels controversial platooning
system"
Pointed reference is made to the man
ner in which the Yankees disposed of the
Tigers in what was a crucial series early
this month. The Yankees showed how
we'll they could play Houks game" the
text hailed. The result was clean sweep
OF the series for new kind of Yankee
team-Ralph HoukS kind"
SOMEBODY MUST HAVE BEEN out of
the room approximately a year ago when
the Yankees, managed by Stengel, found
the Baltimore Orioles applying the pressure.
The two clubs virtually were tied on Sep
tember Is. Then the Orioles came into New
York for four-game series and Casey got
out the mop.
You could say that was how we'll the
Yankees could play "Stengels game" AS
a matter of fact, the Yankees in the past
have played "McCarthyS game" and Hug
gins game" too All of these games" had
a haunting familiarity.
Ralph Houk is a nice guy and he's
done just the sort of job the Yankee front
office expected. 1t follows that he differs
from Stengel, but who doesn't? The Major
may have pitched Whitley Ford little more
often and caught Elston Howard more
frequently (although not enough to win
the batting tftleJ, but by and large his
Yankees are the same as the ones Casey
managed.
No really new boy crashed the Yankee
lineup, backbone of which remains Mantle,
Maris, Berra, Kubek. Skowron, ct al. OF
Casey did have Bobby Shantz and Dale
Long a year ago, before they were lost in