davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-08-05
AirpIone Hijockers

AS far as we are aware, there is
no evidence to support the popular
notion that, Fidel Castro is responsible
for the hijacking of three American
planes in recent months. He is handy
whipping boy-especially in view OF his
failure to return the Eastern Airlines
plane which was seized and flown to
Havana last month. But our problem
will not be solved by dispatching the
Marines to beard the Cuban lion in
hts den.
What we need to do is get tough
not in Cuba but in the United States.
Greater precautions should be taken.
Why not lock the doors leading from
passenger cabins to cockpitS? This, If
accompanied by installation of one-way
glass so that the pilot could see into the
passenger compartment but could not
be seen, would make things a little
more difficult for the hijackerS. There
is also merit in the offer of $4,000
reward for information leading to the
arrest and conviction of hijackerS The
real need, however, is for legislation
that is tough enough to clip the wings
and cool the ardor of would-be airborne
pirates.
In this connection, we note with
much interest j. Edgar Hoover's report
that Leon Bearden, the Ell Paso hijacker,
has a criminal record stretching back
over 20 of his 3S years. This record
includes arrests and convictions for
grand theft, forgery and first degree
robbery. He is now at liberty on parole
from fiye-year to life sentence for
robbery. If he had been in Jail, where
he belonged, one hijacking wouldn't
: have occurred.
! All of this is relevant to the demand
: for legislation which would extend the
J law of piracy on the high seas to air
planes, and make a hijacker subject
to life Imprisonment If he uses deadly
! or dangerous weapon in committing
bis crime. Such law is needed and
We hope one is passed. 1t will not
! accomplish much, however, If attended
by namby- -pamby enforcement. The
best way to discourage these crackpot
: hijackerS is to let them know that, when
caught, they are going to be sent to the
.-penitentiary and kept there for long,
long time.
Evening star., 1961-08-05

Q. In the Korean War,
who was the first American
pilot to become d Jet ace?
p. F.
A. Capt. James barbara,
United States Air Force, be-
came the first jet ace In his
tory on May 20, 1851, when
he shot down his fifth and
sixth MIG-15s in an air bat
tie between so MICS and 20
United States Sabrejets near
the Manchurian border.
@. What is the penalty for
shooting q bald eagle?-N. j.
A. Under the provisions Of
a law enacted June 8, 1910, a
person who willfully kills
a bald eagle can be fined up
to $500 or given q prison term
Of UP to six months, or both.
at the discretion of the Judge.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Radiant Energy of Plants Studied
By THOMAS R. HENRY

Basic TO all higher animal
life on this planet is Ma
lures greenness-the still
somewhat dimly understood
phenomenon Of photosyn-
thesis.
1t is the process through
which plants, by means of
the complex green pigment
chlorophyll In their leaves,
capture some Of the radiant
energy Of sunshine and use
1t to combine carbon
breathed from the atmos-
phere and water absorbed
through the roots to create
hydrocarbons.
These, in turn, are the
fuel Of living for animals,
They are primarily Starches
and sugars in great variety.
Some animals eat the plants.
Others eat other animals
that have eaten plantS-as
men eat cattle. It amounts
to the same either way. A
man or an elephant is as
dependent on plant-made
hydrocarbons as a furnace
on coal or oil. These, after
all, are the hydrocarbons
made by the plants OF other
millenniums.
Reports Experiments
Experiments Just reported
by the Atomic Energy Com
mission now are throwing
light on the inner mechan-
iSIns by which solar energy
is trapped In the photosyn-
thetic process, turned into
electric energy, and used to
carry out the vital chemical
reaction. The work has been
done largely at the Commits
sion's Lawrence Radiation
Laboratory at the University
Of California.
There the experimenterS
have constructed model
molecules like chlorophyll-
they have not SyntheSized
chlorophyll itself-and have
been able to produce in
them to q degree the same
sort Of, conversion Of sun
light to electricity. The
chlorophyll pigments, it has
been shown, are extremely
tiny particles imbedded in
minute colorless granules
called plastids. PlastidS con-
tanning chlorophyll pigment
are known as chloroplasts.
Solar rays, striking these
chloroplasts. strip electrons
from the chlorophyll pig
ments, resulting in unat-
tached electronS and up
setting the electrical balance
Of the pigments. This results
in the production Of tiny
electrical currents. The col
orleSS matter in the chloro-
plasts is a conductor Of
electricity.
Radioactive atoms have
been used widely to study
Evening star., 1961-08-05
RockweKs Nozis

In the British Museum
there hangs a copy of the
Great Charter, often called
by its Latin name-Magna
Carta.
This Great Charter, the
cornerstone of English liber-
ties, was negotiated in q con-
ference at Runnymede in the
year 1915, where King John
had met with a group of en-
battled barons, who then and
there secured, not only for
themselves, but for every
order and class of free men in
England, that sacred palla-
dunn of rights and liberties.
This Great Charter affects
our own precious heritage,
for it is also the basis Of
our American liberties.
Chapter 80 the great Lib
erty Statute, reads: mo
freeman shall be, taken, or
imprisoned, or be deprived Of
his freehold, or his liberties,
or his free customs; or be
outlawed or exiled, or other
wise destroyed, but by law
full judgment Of his peers,
or by the law Of the land"
This statute is also the basis.
of our own Federal and State
Constitutions. In simple
language it means that the
government cannot take a
mans home, deny him free
dom Of movement, or deny
him his freedom Of speech.
nor his choice Of society and
amusement, except upon con-
viction by his peers in a jury
trial, and that under the law.
Whereas I have never met
Lincoln Rockwell, and. fur
thermore, I do not care to
meet him, or hear him; I
would defend his right to be
eccentric until deprived Of
his right to eccentricity by
the law Of the land.
Stan Stanton
-
Our Attorney-General has
been quoted as saying there
is nothing he can do officially
with Rockwell and his So
called American Nazi Party
SO long as they do not advo-
cate the overthrow Of our
Government by force Of arms
and operate ''in the OPEN.
1t isn't so long ago that We
went to war over Nazi shen-
anigans, and the time to pre-
vent another war is right
now. The time-worn cliche
of "An ounce of prevention
is better than a pound Of
cure" is applicable to this
Nazi menace in our midst.
The Arlington Nazis wear
uniforms, have drills, carry
firearms on their persons
and have an arsenal of
weapons at their head
quarters-all freely admitted.
Obviously their intentions
are not honorable or peaceful,
Their equipment does not
tie in with Sunday-School
picnics or scout jamboreeS or
cook -outs. So let us not waste
more time tolerating them.
Lillian Sinclair Large
Evening star., 1961-08-05

chemical reactions in the
cells OF green plants. Work
ers at the Lawrence Labor
atory have shown consider
able differences between the
reactions of engines unitia-
tors Of chemical processes
which do not themselves en-
ter into them in intact
plant cells and the same re-
actions in synthesized mix
lures in test tubes.
Plant Cells Tested
The California workers
also have broken up the cells
OF photosynthesizing green
plants with high-frequency
vibrations and have tested
the various fragments for
photoSynthetic activity. The
work has helped to explain
the relation between struc-
ture and function in the
photosynthetic apparatus.
The chemical compounds
used in their model systems
have structures and func-
tionS very similar to those
believed to accomplish the
energy conversions in green
plants themselves. Some of
the effects observed under
irradiation have been very
similar to those observed in
plants.
Some day the magic
chlorophyll itself might be
made in chemical factories.
This, however, it is stressed,
is not looking towards mech
anical grass or mechanical
forests but only to under
standing better the basic
processes. There is no pro-
posal for testtube made
Aprils.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
Does Our Economy Need Crutch of Gold?

free world depends on so
much), is it not incongtuous.
to say the least, to be chained
to gold as the medium of
payment for our trade bal
anceS?
We speak Of shedding out
moded ideas and concepts;
of facing up to the needs Of
our times with clear and open
minds; we crate Of marching
forward together to new
frontiers of achievements and
prosperity-yet we panic at
declining stocks Of q metal
which bears no true relation
ship to our economic welfare,
whose chief value, in fact, is
its suitability as an article
OF decoration.
Yes, gold Is precious-for
casting Olympic medals, for
making wedding bands. Phi
Beta Kappa keys, and for nu-
merous other objects of art
and industry. But not as a
guarantee for the monetary
unit of the worlds greatest
industrial nation! How pre-
poSterous can we get? After
20 centuries of scientific and
economic progress, is it not
evident that the time is over
due for disposing Of this an
cient superstition? The free
world needs an economically
as well as militarily strong
America. even as America
needs a healthy, vigorous
free world. Why then should
we not mutually liberate each
other from q monetary back
ing that should long since
have been discarded as ar
chaic?
The American people have
Evening star., 1961-08-05

lived and proSpered without
a gold-backed dollar, do
mestically. since 1888. The
world, with equal confidence,
should accept at face value
an American dollar backed
by the integrity. the produc-
tive power and the real
wealth of the Government
and people of the United
States.
The time has come to de-
clare gold a free eommod-
ity, to. be purchased and sold
as freely as silver. copper.
rubber. tin, lead, zinc, plati-
mum, or any other staple now
traded without restriction in
the worlds markets. BY way
of comparison, silver. which
brought IS cents an ounce in
1888 is 80 cents an ounce to-
day. and prices Of other COM
modities have had q similar
appreciation in value. II
there be profits from the sale
of gold in q free market (for
gold at $35 an ounce, is an
anachronism; literally q 1888
price in a 1860 world, let
the profits 60 to the United
States Treasury, and toward
the alienation of the hard
pressed American taxpayer.
AS for the payments Of our
international trade balances.
let these be made in Amer
ican dollars backed by the
credit, the productivity and
the property Of the American
nation. There is no more Sc
cure, no more acceptable col
lateral on the face Of the
earth.
Morris Gettleman.
Miami Beach, Fla.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
TV Proqromminq

William s. Whites COL
umn, i'Delinquents! Who's to
Blame?" July 81, says that
parents should not seek to
Danish violent. sordid, and
otherwise undesirable TV
fare but should rather pro-
tect their children from such
programs through their own
disciplinary measures.
He further contends that
in accordance with freedom
Of speech and rights of pri-
vate management Of private
property, there can never be
any lawful and effective
means of preventing televi-
sion from showing what the
public wants or is too lazy or
too stupid to reject by turn
ing off the dial. Accordingly
televiSion presumably should
be allowed to show burlesQue
and strip-teaSe, as one sup
poses that enough of the
public would want this sort
of entertainment as wit
messed by the sale of porno-
graphic material. And then
we could place the blame on
parents and admonish them
to turn off their sets.
While / agree it is deSir-
able for parents to exercise
sufficient control over their
children. it is becoming in
creasingly difficult to do so
in the face of our changing
society. The home is no long
er the strong environmentsl
factor 1t once was.
Although TV spokesmen
say they are out to give what
the public allegedly wants. it
must be remembered that in
a democracy the real pur-
pose is to strive for equality
by raising everyone to a
higher level, not by leveling
them off to a lower one and
then pleading. That's what
the public wants"
Mrs. Neera Barve.
Evening star., 1961-08-05

We Americans dote on
crises. II one is not readily
at hand, we invent one. A
fair example is our current
so-called crisis over the de-
cline Of our gold reserve.
Why should we be alarmed
at the reduction of our gold
hoard? Because Victorian
minded economists, welded
to the past, fear this will
lessen confidence in the
American dollar? Is it not
the productivity of a nation
which determines the true
value of Its currency?
Witness the Congo man
his vast stores of natural re-
sources, and look at his cur
rency. Or, If you please, the
Russian with his enormous
natural riches, which include
ample stocks Of gold. For the
third time since World War,
II he struggles to- establish
and stabilize the value Of his
currency; yet to this day a
thousand rubles representing
three months labor for the
average Russian, still can
not buy a suit Of clothes out
side the Iron Curtain. BY way
of contrast, look at West
Germany. Here is q people
that started from scratch
after World War II without
anything but their talent for
production, now enjoying a
healthy currency and envi-
able prosperity.
In a world that hungers for
the productivity of our fields
and factories; a world eager
to do business with our $780,
100000 consumers. with the
greatest purchasing power in
the world land which the
Evening star., 1961-08-05

tee. will be potent. And prob
ably the advice of Secretary
Ribicoff also will be sought.
Mr.. Bailey. picked by Presi-
dent Kennedy to take over
Craftsmanship of the Demo-
cratic National Committee,
has long been a power in
Democratic politics in this
State. He will do his best to
keep the Democrats in power
here, as well as in the Ma
ton. He already is using the
power Of Federal patronage
Government jobs to boil
Ster Democratic strength.
Several Republicans Ready
The Republicans have a
number Of potential candi-
dates for Governor. Fore
most among them is John
Alison, who sought the nomi-
nation two years ago but
was outmaneuvered by some
OF the old pros and conserva-
tiVeS in the party. Former
Governor and United States
Ambassador John Lodge is
considered available" If the
COP. wishes to turn to him
again. His real ambition is
said to be a Senate seat. He
once served in the House Of
Representatives, and would
have liked to run for the
Senate, but his brother, for
mer Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge of Massachusetts,, was
serving in the Senate at the
time, and is believed to have
frowned on his brothers as
pirationS. Anyway, John
Lodge ran for governor and
defeated the then Demo-
cratic governor, Chester
Bowles. Mr.. Lodge, in turn,
was displaced by Mr.. Ribi-
coff.
Another potential Republi-
can candidate for Governor
is Edwin H. May jr., Repub-
'lican State Chairman. If Mr..
May gets into the race, it is
likely to become a real
contest.
Republican leaders in Con-
necticut are hopeful they will
be able to re-elect Senator
Bush and also recapture the
State House with their can
didate for Governor. Much
will depend not only on the
choice of candidates but also
on the political situation
and economic tuation-in
the State ana Nation. Presi-
dent Kennedy, it is said by
some observers, has lost some
ground in this State. But
they hastily add that if he
were running for election to-
day he could still carry the
State, though by a reduced
margin. He swept the State
last year by upwards Of 200,-
600 votes over Richard Nix
on. Some of the independ-
ents who voted for Mr..
Kennedy last November are
voicing regret, They do not
like the way he has han
died foreign affairS-particu-
ly the disastrous Cuban in
Vasion-and they look with
apprehension on the prob
ability there will be a con-
siderable increase in Federal
taxes, growing out of the
Kennedy programs, next
year.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
Too Much Homework

Since everyone is so con-
cerned with the physical fit
ness of our school children,
I suggest more serious work
during school hours and less
homework, thereby leaving
after-school time as it should
be-for play. Kids now seem
to be playing at school and
studying at night. My fourth
grader had 2 hours homework
every night. I shudder to
think how it will be in high
school. I also think cars for
students should be banned.
Father.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
Cor-DeoIer Affair

On my return 10 WaShlng-
ton after a weeks absence I
read the accumulated issues
of The Star at my door, to
catch up on the news of local
interest. AS I read the past
weeks issues Of all three
Washington papers. I was
introduced to the Rosenberg
Cardona affair and the Rey-
nolds Reilly Mcmillan Incl
dent. On the front page of
your issue Of July 81 a two
column headline blared -
Insurance Agent Tells of
Mcmillan Car Deal" and on
page 6 still another headline
Shouted-"Cardona Gets Lie
Test Today" I could not find
in the stories under these
headlines, or in the previous
stories of which they were in
major part repetitive. a single
statement Of fact to justify
the reflections on the official
conduct of the two public
officials which these accusa-
tive headlines made by word
and by implication.
I know Congressman Nc
MILAN and have not always
agreed with him on local
issues either. And I suppose
that he does not claim in
fallibility. as few officials or
individuals do. I do not know
Mr.. Cardona, but in common
with all citizens assume his
innocence OF wrong conduct
until proven otherwise. as is
the posture of all men. And
I realize that a public man
especially must avoid even
the appearance Of evil. But
not even Caesars wife could
avoid the suspicion which
your headlines raise here on
flimSy If not incredible state
ments.
Alan JOhnStOne.
Several articles have ap-
peared in your paper recently
concerning personal activities
Of Congressman John L. Nc
MILAN, chairman of the
House District Committee.
These articles have raised the
inference Of conflict Of inter-
est on the part Of the Con-
gresham in purchasing a
1851 Cadillac.
Mr.. Mcmillan explained
this situation in a manner
that should be to the salts
faction Of all by saying that
since he was on the District
Committee, he preferred to
have a friend buy the car for
him in order to avoid contact,
and thus suspicion, with auto
dealers in the city who must
look to the District govern
ment for issuance of their
licenses to operate.
In the absence Of any con-
crete indication Of improper
conduct, 1 feel that the var
ious articles on this subject
have taken the wrong slant.
Instead. Of condemning Mr..
Mcmillan, they should be
praiSing him for going out of
Evening star., 1961-08-05
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry trrtterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condeRSd-
tion. Those not used sDin be
returned only fUheH accom-
panied by self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-08-05
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

A. reader can get an answer, By
mail, to any question Of fact BY
writing The Star information Bu-
Teeu, 636 = street NV. Washington
4, ID. G. Pleese tnelose return post
Evening star., 1961-08-05
THE POLITICAL MILL
Rbicoff Is Eyed for Senate Race
BY GOULD LINCOLN

CIR ZEN VIC H, Conn.,
Politicians in Connecticut are
wondering whether Secretary
Of Health, Education and
Welfare, Abraham Ribicoff
would consider resigning his
post in the Kennedy cabinet
and running for Senator
next year against Republican
Senator Prescott Bush. If he
should do so, the Democrats
would have as their candi-
date the strongest te-getter
they could find. But the pre-
ponderance Of opinion is that
Mr.. Ribicoff will stick to his
cabinet job.
Several reasons are given
for this. First, the new secre-
tary likes his work. He likes
Washington, where he was a
Congressman before he was
elected Governor. And, third,
his ambition is to become a
member Of the Supreme
Court. He might very well re-
ceiye such an appointment,
for he was one Of President
Kennedy'S earliest boosters,
going back to days before
1856.
There has long been
speculation that Associate
Justice Frankfurter will re-
tire, although the suggestion
has never come from the
Justice. But should this hap
pen during the Kennedy ad-
ministration, Mr.. Ribicoff
might be q natural to succeed
him.
So it is argued that he will
not give up a sure thing in
Washington - his cabinet
seat-to gamble for election
to the Senate, particularly
when his real desire is to
serve on the Supreme Court.
For Notwithstanding Mr..
Ribicoff's undoubted strength
with the voters, Senator
Bush will not easily be dis
placed. He has twice been
elected to the Senate, when
the Democrats were sure they
could defeat him. Further,
Senator Bush is highly re-
garded in the Senate and in
Connecticut.
Others Considered
The Democrats are asking
around for another candi-
date to run against Senator
Bush. Prominently mention
ed is Mayor Richard Lee OF
New Haven. Another posi-
bllity Is Representative Frank
KowalSki, Congressman-at-
large and known throughout
the State. The present Demo-
cratic Governor, John N.
Dempsey, has not measured
up to some Democratic hopes
He also has the burden
against him of higher taxes
His renomination-he must
run next year-SeemS prob
able, although there is al
ways the chance the party
may swing to another, per-
haps Congressman Emilio @,
Daddario.
When it comes to max
ing decisions on candidates
both, for the Senate and for
Governor, the voice of John
M. Bailey, chairman of the
Democratic National Commit
Evening star., 1961-08-05

his way to act with the great
est propriety.
Frances Meister.
Evening star., 1961-08-05

- Member of the ASsccioted Press
The Associated Press is entitled exclusively the fer
capitalization Of oil the oeu printed in this newspaper
as we'll A. ?. dispatches.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1961-03-16
Newcomers
Hear Jewel
Experts

The regular monthly meet
ing of the Chardon Welcome
Wagon Club was Wednesday,
March 9th at the Village Hall.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Beattie
presented the program of
Oddities in Precious Gems" "
After the program a brief
meeting was held and refresh
mentS were served. Serving
on the refreShment committee
were Mrs. Joseph Weber,
Mrs. Robert DeMuth and Mrs.
Wayne Richter. ~ y
The rummage sale is Sched-
uled to be held Saturday,
March 18th at the Village
Hall from $50 a m. to 500
pm. Anyone having any rum
mage please contact Mrs.
Larry Collins at AV 6-5103 Or
Mrs. James Alvord at AV g.
1856.
The Mile of PenieS" will
be April 1st on Chardon'S
Main st. benefitting the OPP
portunity School for retarded
children. The first SO persons
placing $1.00 or more on the
tape will receive one of our
hand decorated, sugar Easter
eggs.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1961-03-16
Chaydon PTA
to See Play
BY Lake Erie

The monthly meeting of
the Ch a r d o n Elementary
PTA will be held at 800 pm.
on March 81, at Park street
auditorium. Various financial
matters will be discussed
during the 80 minute buSi-
ness meeting.
Highlight of the evenings
program will be the preSenta-
ton of a play, Point of Be-
ginning by the Lake Erie
College Community Theatre.
This thought-provoking story
about a typical family in to-
days society, shows how the
lowering of moral principles
affects the life of a child. A
discussion of this timely pro-
blem will follow the play.
Refreshments will be SER
we'd during the social period.