davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Jimmy Hoffo Rides Aqoin

Whatever his basic objective may
be, President James R. Hoffa of the
-EeamsterS Union is operating from
position Of strength at the unions
Miami Beach convention.
Mr.. Hoffa's strength rests on the
following: Q) While the AFL-CIO,
which expelled his outfit four years ago,
,,l1aS been losing membership in the
meantime, the teamsterS have picked up
an estimated 100000 to bring their rolls
to approximately IT. million members;
f2) he has survived not only rough
going-over at the hands of the Senate
Rackets Committee but several legal
battles designed to remove him from
office, and (3) he has no serious oppo-
sition to reelection this week as preSi-
dent OF his union. Closely related to
the latter factor, and comparably
favored, are his plans for increasing
per capita dues in order to hire more
professional organizers, to step up mem
bership drives in new fields, to raise the
pnionS strike benefits, to increase union
penSionS-and perhaps to raise Mr..
Hoffa'S own salary.
& AS far as his long range planning
is concerned, Mr.. Hoffa appears to be
Strategically poised either to fight the
AFL-CIO (perhapS forming a new fed
grafton under teamSter domination), or
to rejoin the older group (pretty much
on his own termS). With reference to
the first alternative, Mr.. Hoffa was
reported as telling press conference
that he has had conversations with
three other established unions about
possible affiliation with the teamSterS.
Although he did not identify these
groups, there was speculation that he
might move into the construction, laun-
dry and bakery fields At the same time,
while emphasizing that the teamsterS
"are not knocking on the door" Of the
AFL-CIO, Mr.. Hoffa added that his
union would not turn down an offer to
return" provided their organizing free
dom were not restricted.
Mr.. Hoffa is not best known, of
course, for his modesty, and it is only
reasonable to assume that there is a
certain amount of bluSter in his talk.
In challenging the big federation, If
that Is really what he is doing, he is
not fitting with straw man or with
opposition labor leaders who are timid
or unskilled. It is true, however, that
factional troubles never have been far
below the surface of the AFL-CIO and
that some of them have become in
creaSingly obvious in recent months.
Currently, Mr. Hoffa has the advantage
OF riding high-of a command position
that is undivided versus one that oper-
ates by committee. How these two
forces work out their power struggle is
first Of all of immediate concern to
organized labor. But it is also of great
concern to the Nation.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
THE PASSING SCENE
Modern Berlin Is q Historic Soco
By RALPH McGILL

down. 1t did break in March
of 1948 when Marshal So p
kolovsky, acting on orders
from Moscow, where there
was vast irritation because
the three Allied powers were
going ahead with rehabilita-
ton plans for their zones,
walked out of the four-power
council meeting.
There was a deadlock of
inaction until June 20. On
that day the brilliant cur
rency reform plan went into
effect for West Germany.
Gen. Lucius D. Clay's COM
petent administration as
military governor has been
largely obscured by subse-
Quent eventSO In an effort
to defeat this program, the
Russians halted all road, rail
and barge movement into the
city, cutting off coal, food
and other supplies.
The Great Airlift
Gen. Clay replied with the
now legendary airlift. 1t be-
gan on June 26, 1948. 1t was
believed the Soviets shortly
would lift the barriers. They
did not. The airlift continued
for 462 days. 1t was, in every
respect, a tremendous accom-
plishment. Two-and-a-half
million people had been kept
alive by the delivery of
2,343,301 tons of food and
supplies with the completion
of a massive total Of 277,264
aircraft flights.
ThisScaught the imagina-
ton of the world. 1t pro-
duced, too, a grudging affec-
ton for the Berliners. They
existed on a slim diet of
canned meats, powdered eggs
and dried vegetables. The
supply of coal was meager.
Electric current was on a
total of four hours in each
"a. But they lasted it out.
From that time on there
have been two Berlins-West
and East.
The reconstruction of West
Berlin did not really get
going in full measure until
about 1850. Today it is again
a prosperous, glittering city.
Refugees pour into it from
the East and after screening
are flown out into West
Germany. 1t provides a vivid
contrast with the drabness of
East Berlin. 1t is this which
offendS. But it also is Berlin
which prevents an expansion
of total Communist control
and the clear establishment
of two GermanyS.
The Vests problem is
whether to hold to what
seems like a fading possibil-
ity-that there can again be
one Germany without a war
to make it So-or to find a
way to hold its area of Berlin
while accepting an East
Germany.
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Unlicensed Guns

The Second Amendment
stipulates: "A well-regulated
militia being necessary to
the security Of q free State,
the right Of the people to
keep and bear arms shall
not be infringed." That re-
fers to a well-regulated mi
litia. 1t is not blanket au-
thority for everybody to
maintain a private arsenal.
Registering guns does not
nullify anybody's right to
bear arms. Congress has
passed laws restricting the
possession Of sawed-off shot
guns, for instance. Congress
has prohibited shipment Of
guns and am unition
through the mail. Many
States require the registra-
ton Of guns and permits to
carry them. These laws have
not been declared unconsti-
tutional nor have they nulli-
fled the right to possess
guns.
Regarding automobile reg
istration, if raising money to
build roads was the primary
consideration it could be
done by levying taxes with
out the registration feature.
Taxes are paid on all kinds
of personal property. It is
not necessary to register your
refrigerator or to get q L.
cense to operate your wash
ing machine. The fee paid
for q drivers license does
not cover much more than
expenses Of administering
the program. I believe the
analogy I made Is still valid.
NnlINs--
Evening star., 1961-07-05
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used If
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSG-
tton. Those not used tUill be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-07-05

There is in all history no
ctty-Story comparable with
that of Berlin. It covers an
area as large as the vast
complex of Los Angeles.
About 10 per cent of its
buildings were destroyed by
World War II's bombs and
shells.
When Allied Western
troops entered it, it was a
smoking, sinking pile of rub
BILE and hutS. The stencil was
provided by dead bodies I'M
der the ruins and by the
wreckage of sewers and all
sanitation systems.
The Russians had been
there for 10 weeks. They had
done a thorough job of re-
moving what the demolition
of war had missed. They took
away machines from the fac
tories, equipment from the
power stations, the undam-
aged trolieys and under
ground trains, and most of
the buses.
So efficient was this So
Wet liberation" of the phys
ical remains that an esti-
mated 90 per cent of all tools
and machines were taken
from the larger plants. This
included, for example, So
automatic, underground tele-
phone exchanges, with a ca
pacity of 250,000 lines, and
most of the generators.
A further tribute to their
thoroughness was the fact
that they made a careful
search for, found and took
the blueprints, tt C h n ic a l
drawings, formulas and all
other such information from
the files of the companies so
ravaged. az
They kept what was needed
in their zone. The Americans,
British and French had the
job of supplying such equip
ment for their own areas.
The Break Up Period
In this period the four
powers were admitting they
had co-operated to win the
war. The assumption was
there eventually would be a
peace treaty which would
produce one Germany-not
two. Hence, it did not then
seem important that Berlin
was wholly surrounded by
Soviet occupied territory
later to ecome East
Germany.
The Russians began to
have doubts in late 1945.
Municipal elections were
held. Social Democrats won
more than half the seats and
the majority was heavily
anti Communist. Soon there
after the Soviets began to
withdraw their zone of Ber-
lin from control of the
elected magistrates.
By 1947 the allied control
system had all but broken
Evening star., 1961-07-05

director, DR.. Theodore Reed, be given
the $50,OO0 he is seeking to prepare a
master plan for rehabilitating the park.
Evening star., 1961-07-05

Higher animals, including
man, have two brains. They
are almost, if not quite, in
dependent of each other.
Experiments demonstrat-
ing this have been reported
by DR.. R. W. Sperry of Cali
fornia Institute of Tech
nology through the American
Association for the Advance
ment Of Science.
Right and left halves Of
the brain duplicate each
other in all essential func-
tions and in all essential
areas such as those of vision,
hearing, touch and taste. In
the intact brain the two
halves are joined by various
nerve fiber systems. When
these are severed, however,
almost no difference can be
found in the ordinary behav-
ior of an animal.
One half the brain seems
actually unaware Of what the
other half is doing, or may
do. This can be demonstrated
in the field of vision, for ex-
ample, by putting q patch
over one eye and training an
animal to do various tasks
requiring visual stimuli. Then
the visual area in the cere-
bral cortex on the side Of
the unobstructed eye is surg
ically removed. The animal
no longer can make the re-
sponses, or do the job, for
which it has been trained.
There apparently has been
no transfer from one side of
the brain to the other.
Transfer Of Emotions
Regardless of severing of
the nerve connections be-
tween two sides Of the brain,
however, there appears to be
some transfer Of emotions,
DR.. Sperry says.
Incidental obser vations
made in the course of train
ing and testing" says the re-
port, Suggest that milder as
poets Of emotional attitude
and temperament, like stub
bornneSs and sulkiness, can
be confined to one side. 1t
might be possible to make
one Of the separated hemi-
spheres neurotic and leave the
other normal. Some animals
act normally fearful or fero-
cious when using the eye con-
nected with the intact hemi-
sphere. but promptly become
more tame, placid and gen.
orally less touchy when the
lesion hemisphere is made
dominant by switching the
visual occluder to the other
eye."
-
There are bat fishermen.
These flying mammals live
almost exclusively on fish
which they locate by means
OF an inbuilt, air-borne sonar
system.
This has been reported by
DR.. j. j. G. McCue of Massa-
chusettS Tech through the
Office Of Naval Research
which has sponsored his in
veStigations. Because of evi-
dence that the in-built bat
sonar systems are extremely
Evening star., 1961-07-05
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKINS SERVICE

ny AHE HAShINS SERVICE
"a, "A reader can get an answer. By
writing The Star Information Bn-
reau, 63b street NV. Washfneton
Z, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed, stamped
Evening star., 1961-07-05
= \ = =

President Kennedy has oc-
cupied the White House for
nearly five months, and he
has given us five months
full of reasons why he should
not have been elected. From
Cuba to the Federal-Aid-to
everybody program.
One last word, those in
this city who are able should
read the Tenth (10th) Article
of our Constitution. This
Article has long been neg
lected, and might prove in
teresting reading.
e. r
Evening star., 1961-07-05
DisiHusioned

nave been a Democrat
all my life. I supported and
would have voted for JFK
had I not been a non-United
States citizen by reason of
residence in Washington.
The Presidents philoso-
phies, as expressed in his
campaign speeches, in the
Great Debates" and in his
Inauguration speech, plus
his general demeanor and ap-
parent courage and aggres-
Siveness when the chips were
not down, inspired great hope
in the breasts of many that
at last we had elected a
courageous leader!
I regret to state that I and
all those with whom I have
discussed the subject feel that
our champion, now that he
is in the ring, has gone
chicken. This is evidenced
by the Cuban fiasco and its
aftermath, the tractors-for-
prisoners deal, and the state
ment by Dean RuSk that the
United States is willing to
negotiate on Berlin. Numerous
other incidents that add up to
lack of courage, confusion, or
both, could be cited.
1t appears that Mr.. Ken
nedy is trying to play it safe
from all angles with the view
to reelection. Let him and
his advisers not forget that
if the present course is fol-
lowed too long the office of
President might not exist
when the next election time
comes around. Instead, it is
highly probable that Nikita
KhruShchev will be looking
for candidates for Commits
Sar.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26

the COMMUNISTS to take over China. We sacrificed
cur country for our selfishness. | have been more
than thirty years a soldier, and | say that the way
to secure peace and freedom for the world is Moral
Re-Armament."
These fifty Chinese have put their burning
convictions into a play called The Dragon, which
shows the tragedy of a nation lost through the
selfishness of men and gives the hope of an answer.
One of the leading industrialists of Europe,
after seeing The Dragon, said, Nobody who sees
this play can be the same again. What | like most
about Moral Re-Armament is that it challenges the
rich, as it does everybody, to change their whole
motive Of life"
The former Comintern delegate, Hans Bjerk-
holt, co-founder of the Norwegian Communist
Party, spoke last week to $4,000 people at a mass
demonstration with the Chinese play, The Dragon,
in the football stadium at Lucerne. "We are at the
most serious point in the history Of mankind" he
said, when the leaders of the West start to waver
before Khrushchev. Our task is to move the masses
and give them courage to stand firm. MIRA is the
superior theology that has the power to unite East
and West. 1t is the next step forward for Com
munist and ~non-Communist alike"
Gabriel Marcel, the French philosopher and
playwright, said at Lucerne, Moral Re-Armament
is an immense effort to create a new living fabric
of humanity right across the world. In France to-
Gay more and more men are responding to this
road"
Katerlasad, Swiss Catholic newspaper, wrote
of The Dragon, "Thus far the Chinese have been
the main agents of world Communism on many
fronts in Africa and South America. Now for the
first time in the history of the theological struggle
representatives of Free China have appeared on
the scene, blazing a trail with their message. We
were literally shaken as the play unfolded before
our eyes-a play that ends with brilliant finale
IS men realize that the power of the theology of
Moral Re-Armament can usher in a new and bet
ter age. We made our way home with a great hope
in our hearts"
The Moral Re-Armament force and the Chin
csc are being greeted by crowds of thousands night
after night who say that in their message they see
rope for peace in the world and the unity of
Europe. Civic leaders of Berlin are among those
who have invited this force to their city. They be-
lieve that the root problem is not a wall that divides
a city or a continent but the steely sel6shness that
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26
THE TIDE OF
CAN BE TURNED


This tidal wave is flooding across the conti-
nents. Marshal Tavora, national hero Of Brazil,
few last week to Rome. There he told leaders Of
the Church and State, with Moral Re-Armament
the tide of Communism in my country and Latin
America can be turned"
His colleague General Bethlem, former Brazil
ian Ambassador in Bolivia and Pakistan, on that
same day was meeting in Los Angeles with Mr..
Kishi, Prime Minister of Japan until last year.
Both General Bethlem and Mr.. Kishi had been at
Caux two weeks before. The General said, I'm
Brazil and Peru 900, 900 Of my countrymen have
seen the japanese play The Tiger. In the last FIVE
months millions more have seen it on television. It's
message has already saved Brazil from civil war"
He was referring to a play by the revolution
airy students of the Zengakuren of Japan. These
students led the riots in Tokyo last year which
caused President Eisenhower's visit to Japan to
be Cancelled. The students changed. They wrote a
play describing how Communism had captured
them through their own moral compromise and
how Moral Re-Armament had taught them to go
not right, not left, but straight. Then they went
to America and apologized to Eisenhower. He
urged them to 90 to Latin America.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26
MORAL OR
FINAL ~ANNIHILATION

u NJ, Prime Minister of Burma, brought a
delegation of his countrymen to Caux last month.
On leaving he said, moral Re-Armament must go
ON for ever if we want to prevent mankind from
plunging into final humiliation. If we want to stop
Communism taking hold of the world, we must deal
with corruption, bribery, drink, and womanizing.
If we want to change corrupt people we must be
honest ourselves. That is what impresses me very
much at Caux. With this theology you are bound to
succeed"
Rajmohan Gandhi, grandson of the Mahat-
ma, said at Caux, "The issue for the world is not
Communism or war, but whether statesmen will
undertake the Moral Re-Armament of the Com
munist and n~on-Communist worlds. We must go
to Washington and Moscow with an theology that
changes men. That is the next step for the Com
munist and n~on-Communist alike. Unless we
change human nature we can never fulfil the as
pirations of the millions in our countries"
An Asian center for Moral Re-Armament will
open next spring near Tokyo to match the centers
of CauX and Mackinac. An Assembly for the Amer
icas is being held in Rio de Janeiro next month.
Over Christmas and New Year there will be a Pan
African Assembly for Moral Re-Armament at the
heart of Africa.
Mr.. Khrushchev wants to see a different kind
OF world. Every honest person knows he is right
in the cors lotion that change is needed, however
much we disagree with his way of doing it. The
!, leaders of the free world have in Moral Re-Arma-
ment an theology superior to Communism to offer
him. Even the most difficult will respond to the
firm, united but humble voice of democratic
nations morally rearmed. Why should there be
catastrophe again when with God renaissance is
inevitable?
1t is not a matter of left or right: it Is a matter
OF right or wrong.
Communism gave its philosophy to the world
last Christmas over the Moscow Radio when it
said: Our rocket has by-passed the moon. 1t is
nearing the sun and we have not discovered God.
we have turned lights out in heaven that no man
will be able to put on again. We are breaking the
yoke of the Gospel, the opium of the masses. Let
us go forth and Christ shall be relegated to myth
ology."
Frank Buchanan, in his last words, gave q
challenge to the modern world on the sixth of
August in Freudenstadt when he said, IT want the
world to be governed by men governed by God
Why not let God run the whole world?'
It is the hour for heroic decision and embold
ened leadership.
Choose ye this day whom ye will serve-
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26

apologized to General Eisenhower for last years
riots and invited him to come as soon as possible
to Japan. l had two detectives in making my pres
ent journey around the world. The first was to
attend the Moral Re-Armament Assembly at Caux.
This Assembly made an impression on me that is
both deep and unforgettable. Secondly, | wanted
to meet again the world statesmen | had known
as Prime Minister. The only answer to the crisis in
Berlin and the challenge of Communism today is
the theology of Moral Re-Armament. Nations to-
day must form a solid front, a unity OF purpose
and of spirit so evident to the world
that they will not indulge in miscalculatlon nor
misunderstood our aim and goal. MIRA is producing
this unity which transcends all national boundaries
and all minor divisions"
In September Mr.. Saburo Chiba, for three
years Chairman of the National Security Commit
tee of the japanese Diet, flew straight from Caux
to confer with President Prado of Peru. he said
that his own experience as head OF Security had
led him to two conclusions on how to answer Com
munism: a. To impact the masses with a more
effective theology and GU To unite the countries of
the free world in a common strategy.
He told the President that no exclusively ma
tional plan is adequate today. While the IL Com
munist bloc countries are united in one. global
strategy, 80 nations have not yet reached a COM
mon mind and goal "in order to create a united
force in the free world" He continued, I'VE must
create a united force of parliamentarians from
every nation. This is already being done IN many
of the free countries" 4s
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26

separates man from man and all men from the gov
eminent of God.
Many African countries have invited the
forces of Moral Re-Armament to come immedi-
ately to their continent. President Kasavubu sent
his wife and son as leaders of the Congolese dele
cation to Caux last month. Speaking on behalf of
the delegation, Adolphe Kasavubu, the son of the
President, said, "The Congo is at the center Of
Africa. If the Congo goes Communist, all Africa
will follow. 1t is not enough to give dollars to un-
derdeveloped countries. We must win the hearts
of the people. What we need is an theology. That
theology is Moral Re-Armament." He told more
than a thousand delegates from every part of the
world that in the last twelve months 483 radio
broadcasts about Moral Re-Armament have gone
out in five Congolese languages to all parts of his
country on the National Radio.
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1961-10-26

MIR. KHRUSHCHEV is 81. He plans to SEQ
Ul the Red Flag flying over every country in
the world during his lifetime. He thinks he can do
1t. Every decision and action he takes over Berlin,
Laos, the Congo or at the United Nations il meas
ured against this one aim.
He has an theology.
Nations outside the Communist bloc lack any
common theology or world aim. They are divided
amongst themselves. They think that if they stand
up to Mr. Khrushchev they may be forced into
atomic war.
Appeasement is no answer to dictatorship.
The idealism of the United Nations without an
theology often becomes the tool for Moscow's aim.
Making big speeches to satisfy public opinion at
home and backing them by weakFaction when we
meet the Communists at the conference table
DESTROYS the faith of the millions in the power OF
the democratic way of life. SQuatting in the streets,
however sincere, is no answer to the threatof the
H-bomb.4
The answer is to stand up and fight in every
nation, everywhere, for an theology that changes
Communist and nom Communist alike and lnltes
every race, class and color in the supreme task CT
the century the remaking OF the world.
Men with an theology superior to Communism
can not only stand up to Mr.. Khrushchev but enlist
him in a greater revolution.
General Carpenter of France who was in
command of the land forces of NATO for Central
Europe and who had the training of the Brazilian
Army and commanded the French forces in lndo-
World Assembly at Caux this year when he said,
1--WE need a tidal wave of Moral Re-Armament to
sweep across the world. Then men in Government
will be forced to make the right decisions that
spring not only from the intellect, but from our
hearts and faith"