davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-05-28

POWER AND RESPONSE
BnITY: The Life and
Times of Theodore ROOse-
welt. BY William Henry
Harbaugh. Farrar, Straus
& Cudahy; $7.50J
Teddy Roosevelt haunts the
American scene today, wheth-
er as a young man in the
White House or the Colonel
who led us into Cuba. Num-
berlesS parallelS-sometimes
direct, sometimes sadly IRON
ic-link the turn of the CEN
tury and the present. With
the expiration Of the conven-
tional so years grace, histori-
ans have begun to dredge and
mine. In three years we have
had Marg aret Leech's In
the Days of Mckinley" and
special studies of RooSevelt's
Formative Years." Of his
Seven Worlds" and of the
whole Roosevelt Era" Ste
phen Lorant gave us a picto-
rial history Of the man and
his times. The tide Of nos
talgia that formerly washed
over the '20s rises and falls
today over the period Walter
Lord has dubbed The Good
Years"
Now comes William Henry
Harbaugh, who teaches his
tory at the University Of Con-
necticut, with a biography
for the general reader-for
the man or woman with q
broad interest in American
history, and for the college
student. Relying chiefly on
familiar sources, he has un-
dertaken a Synthesis Of recent
scholarship, including his
own doctoral work on Roose-
velt's efforts to have Wilson
intervene in the World War.
Biography" is a misnomer
in this case. The book begins
as one and ends as one. but
in between it is political his
tory. Roosevelt the man van
Evening star., 1961-05-28
CIVIL WAR
Desperate
Fighting
Described
By JOHN w. STEPP
Star Staff Writer

The mark of any first-rate
fighting unit in the Civil
War was, unfortunately, a
high casualty rate. Two VOL
unteer outfits which suffered
such savage losses that they
became "all used up" before
wars end were the Iron Bri-
gade of the old Northwest
and the Bucktails of North
Central Pennsylvania's noun
tain country. The battlefield
proweSS of each is admirably
recorded anew in two recent
histories: THE IRON BRI-
GADE, by Alan T. Nolan
macmillan; $685. and
BUCKTAILED WILDCATS,
by Edwin A. Glover CYosel-
off; $3.50.
The men of both were rug
ged as only the old frontier
breed could be. Theirs was
a courage that comes from
reliance under trying condi-
tionS. Strength of heart and
mind matched physical sin
eWs. And they knew shooting
irons as trusted friends. AS
identifiable units before war
fare finally shattered iden-
tlty, the northWesterners and
the Pennsylvanians shared
many of the important bat
ties in the East: Second Bull
Run, South Mountain (where
the Iron Brigade got its
name), Antietam, Fredericks-
burg, Gettysburg. Gettys-
burg's first day, in fact, was
the Iron Brigade's last. So
we'll did the End, 9Th and 7th
Wisconsin and their Brigade
brethren the 18th Indiana
and oath Michigan delay the
Confederates that the men
with the high-crowned black
hats would be too few ever
to march again as a brigade.
The PennSylvanians, their
deer buck tails tucked jaun-
tily in their caps, would keep
going a year longer. They
would survive as a unit past
the carnage of Spotsylvania
before heading home, deci-
mated, at the end of their
three-year enlistments.
+
Among reprinted first-hand
accounts are WHIPT EN-
EVERYTIME, Diary of Bart
lett Xancey Malone (Mc-
Cowat-Mercer Press; $3.95)
and CONFEDERATE CHAP
LAIN, by the Rev. James B.
Sheeran, edited by Joseph T.
Durkin, S. j., Georgetown
University Bruce Publishing
Co.; $3.50. These disparate
Confederate journals offer
deep glimpses into the heart
and soul of soldering in the
Civil War. Father Sheeran,
soldering for God as we'll
as the l4th Louisiana, was
sharp eyed, articulate and
full of strong feelings which
he never hesitated to express
to Stonewall Jackson, Phil
Sheridan or anyone else who
crossed his path. Sergt.
Malone, 9Th North Carolina
and a simple farm boy be-
fore "jining up" seemed con-
cerned chiefly with the
weather - as any foot
slogging infantryman should
be. Where Father Sheeran
had no trouble committing
thoughts to paper, "Sargant"
(hiS spelling) Malone expert
enced a ceaseleSs struggle
with the written word. One
of the sargant's classic en-
tries: And then we had to
stop and waite a while but
we whipt them like we aul-
ways do"
Evening star., 1961-05-28
Teachings of the French
Philosophers Still Valid
LES PHHOSOPHF

LES PHILOSOPHERS: The
Philosophers Of the En-
lightenment and Modern
Democracy. Edited, with.
an introduction, by Nor
man L. Torrey. (Capricorn
Books; So
CANDIDE, ZADIG and Sc
lected Stories. Voltaire.
Translated by Donald M.
Frame. In two editions.
Qndiana University Press,
Sc; Signet paperback, so
centS.)
One can say that to name a
philosophic era the 'Enlight-
eminent" may be presump-
tuous-perhaps a God's-eye
view will show that one pro-
fusion of rubble has been
swept away to make room
for another. But to human
perception the tenets of the
group Of French philoso-
pliers, chief of which are Vol
talre, Diderot, D'Holbach,
D'Alembert, and Montes-
quieu distinguished only by
nationality from Jefferson
and Franklin, Locke and
even Sterne) are still amaz-
ingly valid; even when they
are the most cynically disre-
garded they are always paid
lip-service. Freedom from
cant and arbitrary authority
is the keynote Of the phi
losophy, which is expounded
by men who have widely off
fering opinions concerning
details. One of the strengths
Of the Enlightenment is the
unity achieved by variety.
Freed from the oppressive
dogmas Of the church and
from the arbitrary injustice
of non-representative govern
ment, the enlightened man
can live by the rule Of rea-
son. The danger is never
overlooked that frail reason
may not assure happiness, the
great goal of mankind, but it
is always the best bet.
In reading the excellent
collection of writings of the
French PHILOSOPHERS compiled
by Norman L. Torrey, one
recognizes the comm on
characteristic of laughter.
Other philosophers - Soc
rates, Rabelais, Nietzsche-
have known the laughing
man is often the wise man
and the good man, but they
were members of no group.
The savagery Of Swift's dis
gust preclu d ed laughter;
"Gulliver's Travels" Is full of
wit but no fun; we may feel
that "Candide" is a. better
book because we do not see
its author in a rage but
smiling at, sympathetic with,
and just a trifle impressed
by, the various absurdities
of Dr.. Pangloss, Martin,
Cunegonde, the old woman,
and Candide himself.
If "Candide," the most
famous Of Voltaire's stories,
is also the best, it holds the
distinction in an insecure
grasp Many of the other
pieces in Donald Frames flu
emily and automatically trans
lated volume are almost as
good. "Zadig," "Micromegas,"
and especially one I had not
previously known, Count
Chesterfield's Ears" owe the
power of their persuasion not
only to the ceaseless current
Of delectable wit and tingling
satire, but also to the color
Evening star., 1961-05-28
First 100 Days
In Pictures
And Story Text
LET US BEGIN. The Fir

LET US BEGIN. The First
100 Days Of the Kennedy
Administration. (Simon &
Schuster: bareback, $4.95;
paperback. $1.95)
There has been a remark
able fascination on the part
Of political observers and
writer's with the first 100
days Of the new adminiStra-
ton.
Many Of those who have
expressed themselves, via the
written or spoken word, ac-
knowledge that there is no
magic in this time period
nor any real basis for COM
pairing 1t with the similar pc
riod in the first administra-
ton Of Franklin D. Roose-
welt.
But the enthusiasm of the
Kennedy New Frontiersmen,
who are off and running at
a great gallop, has been con-
tagious. And it has provoked
high public interest In the
administration.
The latest evaluation Of
the Kennedy performance.
plans and problems during
the first 100 days, Let Us
Begin" takes a new and dra-
matically effective approach.
1t combines the work of
skilled writer's and photog-
raphers, all Of whom appear
to have enjoyed the job.
Martin Agronsky, Eric F.
Goldman, Sidney Hyman,
Ira Wolfert and Barbara
Ward provide the words;
Cornell Capa, Henri Cartier
Bresson and seven others,
the uniformly excellent pic
tures.-L. EDGAR PRINA.
Evening star., 1961-05-28
READING AND WRITING
NewNoveIs of English
Jewry EnIightening
BY MARY McGRORY
Star Staff Writer

We have had two excellent novels Of English Jewry in
the last two months Frederic Raphaeps THE LIMITS
LOVE- the Lppncott Prize book has been followed THE
CROSSING POINT Knopf; $450), Gerda Charles warm
VITAL engrong story of rabbi and his search for love
at least wife.
Miss Charles who is herself English and jewish grasps
her material with both hands She is novelist
with emotion with thought with character and
Evening star., 1961-05-28
Historymukers
Whose Influence
We Feel Today
THE AGE OF REASON, by
Sir Harold Nicolson.
Doubleday; $3.50

THE AGE OF REASON, by
Sir Harold Nicolson.
doubleday; $3.50
This book is, by the au-
thor's own definition, mot
a political, still less a mill
tary, history; 1t is a gallery
Of portraits and a study of
conflicting characters and
successive states Of mind"
Beginning with Louis XIV'S
designation Of his grandson
as King Of Spain, Sir Harold
NicolSon examines in hu-
man depth the 18th century
which he sees climaxed by
the publication of the French
Encyclopedia, an age in
which men turned from the
ology to what they called
natural philosophy" an age
which saw the balance of
power begin to shift from
Spain, France, and Austria
to Russia, Prussia, and
eventually the United States"
The major figures limned
by Sir Harold's twenty-one
chapters, ranging from Saint
Simon to Jean Jacques Rous-
seau, admirably demonstrate
his contention that the "Age
Of Reason" was utterly un-
reasonable" not least in its
admiration of "a feckless
courteSan such as Madame de
Pompadour, a murdereSs and
adultereSs such as Catherine
II. and a bloodstained agrees
sor such as Frederick the
Great" Such figures, along
with Voltaire, Swift, Frank
lin, CaglioStro, Samuel John
son. and Thomas Paine, i'm
presSively serve to dramatic
Sir Harold'S sense of the age
they helped shape. and it is
a good measure of his study
that such drama is matched
by full exposition of the his
torical context in which these
figures acted out their parts.
Beyond a solid photography
and a useful index, Sir Harold
has provided important per-
spective on his major subjects
as they variouSly appear in
minor roles in chapters be-
yond their own. This occa-
Sionally leads to minor incon-
siStencies, as when the wife
Of Peter the Great is forced
to keep her decapitated lov-
er's head ION her dressing
table" in one chapter, and
lin the window of her bed
room" on some further page,
but save for the proofreader'S
error of numbering the popu-
lation of France in 1700 at
100000" the substance of
the book is as fully accurate
as the drawing of its human
figures. Given the scope of
THE Age of Reason" scholars
Of many disciplines may
well take exception to Sir
Harold's treatment of men
or events which they con-
slder their special province,
but the book admirably full
fills its intent as it both
introduces Doubleday's new
"MainStream of the Modern
World" Series and introduces
present day readers to an age
about which they can ill
afford to be ignorant. THE
Age Of Reason" as Sir Har-
old proves on every page,
is painfully comparable to
our own.
PHILIP BOOTH.
Evening star., 1961-05-28
BOOKS IN REVIEW
Sponish hCiviIWor
InoSuspense 7 ale
BY DAY THORPE
Star Staff Writer
THE MEASURE

THE MEASURE OF VICTORY, by George Conchon. Trans
lated from the French by Elisabeth Abbott (The Orion
Press; $3.50
To reader this side of the Atlantic it that
they order things very well indeed in France in the matter
novels Apparently is arranged that novels and prizes
supplied equal number for every novel has
prize of The Measure of Victory by Georges
Conchon the Prx des Lbares) and there few prizes
begging the present the book
Evening star., 1961-03-01

It will be tonight from the Ohio Valley into Western
IN the CaOna and in the Central and Southern Palms,
Northern Rockies In the northwest quarter of the country there will
De rain in coastal with inland Showers
the Southeast except for Florida parts
mississippi Valley Snow showers expected the nges
OntarO-AP WirephOtO Map
Evening star., 1961-03-01

District and vicinity-Con-
siderable cloudiness tonight.
low in the upper 3Os. Variable
;cloudiness and warmer tomor-
row.
Virginia-Mostly cloudy to-
night, lowest in the middle S0s
except near 40 IN the southeast.
Variable cloudinesS and warmer
tomorrow with highs from SIS
to so in the southeast and so
to IS in the west and north.
Maryland-Mostly cloudy to-
night, low in the upper 30s in
the south and north. Variable
'cloudiness and warmer tomor-
row, high in the middle sos
except in the mountains, where
the high will be in the 40s.
Lower Potomac and Chesa-
.peake Bay-Variable winds and
cloudy tonight. Westerly winds
from 10 to IS knots tomorrow,
some cloudiness and some sun
shine. Fog tonight, improving
visibility becoming 6 miles or
more tomorrow.
Road RepOrt-AAA
West-Washington, D. C. to Penn
sylvania turnpike, Pennsylvania turn
Evening star., 1961-03-01
BY the Associated Press

The Civil Service Commission
disclosed today it has suspended
work on examinations for fill
ing postmaster positions in the
first. second and third classes.
1t acted at the request of Post
master General Day.
The commission said it also
had agreed to a request by Mr..
Day for an immediate review of
the current standards for filling
such positions. This review
must be completed and the de-
cisions made by April 30.
The commission made public
a memorandum it has sent all
members Of Congress concern
ing its action. Attached were
copies Of Mr.. Days request ans
the commissions reply.
Mr.. Day wrote that I'VE are
most anxious to insure that we
recruit for these positions only
persons with the experience and
training necessary to manage
and operate modern postal es-
tablishments."
Our preliminary considera-
tions Of this problem lead us to
the conclusion that the present
qualifications standards may
not be producing the kind of
personnel necessary to meet
this objective" he added.
In reply. the commissions
executive director, Warren B.
Irons, said it had been some
years since the postmaster
standards had been considered.
1T is possible" Mr.. Irons
Evening star., 1961-03-01

signed as director Of the fedora
tion's Civn Rights Committee
which Mr.. Randolph criticized
as ineffective. Mr.. Randolph
demanded that q Negro take
over that post.
Mr.. Randolph, only Negro
member Of the 29-man AFL-
C1O Council. proposed a series
OF sweeping steps to his COL
leagues. One called for expelling
any AFL-CIO union that failed
to abolish in six months all dis
ordinations or segregation.
New Policy Statement
The Randolph proposals were
put aside for study until the
next council meeting in, June.
Instead, a new policy statement
was adopted calling on all AFL-
C1O unions to step up racial
equality efforts and to establish
civil rights units in each union.
I'VE must continue our cam
paign to eliminate those Segre-
gated locals that still exist"
the council statement said.
"Prejudices and century long
practices cannot be wiped out
overnight by decree. But the
work Of extending the frontier
Of equality must go on"
Evening star., 1961-03-01
Hospital Center
Bourd Elects

A. Murray Preston, vice pres
ident Of the American Security
and Trust Co., has been elected
president Of the board of trus-
tees Of the Washington Hospi-
tai Center.
Mr.. Preston, a native Wash
ingtonian, succeeds Walter N.
Tobriner. new District Com
missioner.
Mr.. Preston has served as a
member Of the board at the
hospital since 1t was incorpo-
rated in 1949 and Is also a
member Of the board Of Visiting
Nurses Association and the Boy
Scout Council.
Others elected to posts at
this weeks annual meeting in
clude Milton A. Barlow and DR..
Benjamin Rones, members of
the corporation: Herbert C..
Blunck and Webb c. Hayes III,
trustees, and DR.. RoneS, truS-
tee at large.
Evening star., 1961-03-01
Postmaster Job ! ests
PutOffot Days Request

continued, that some revision
is desirable, particularly In the
light of the increased use of
mechanical processes and in
dustrial management tech
niques in the postal SYSTEM"
A House subcommittee on
postal appropriations disclosed.
meanwhile. it has asked the
Post Office Department to
withhold payments on its con-
tract for mechanizing the post
office at Providence, R. I.
The Providence Post office
had been planned as a fully
automatic installation which
would serve a large area and
be a laboratory for testing
automatic matchmaking ma
chinery.
Subcommittee Chairman
Gary, Democrat of Virginia,
said in a statement that costs
to the Government appear to
be grossly excessive and the
facility has failed miserably
to meet expectations"
Evening star., 1961-03-01
Union Leaders
Clash on Bias

MIAMI BEACH, Fla, Mar.
(AP.-A feud over racial bia,
in labor unions has flared ur
again in the AFL-CIO high
command.
The argument pitted George
Meany, federation president
against A. Philip Randolph,
Negro president of the Brother
hood Of Sleeping Car Porters.
The Meany-Randolph clash
marked the concluding session
yesterday Of the AFL-CIO Ex-
ecutive Councils winter meet
Ing. The two men have argued
before on the same subject at
union gatherings, but this one
appeared to be more insistent.
Mr.. Meany maintained that
the AFL-CIO is making steady
II slow progress toward elm
mating union discrimination
against Negroes. Mr.. Ran
dolph retorted that restive
AFL-CIO Negro members feel
little is being accomplished and
insist on drastic remedies.
Rights Director Resigns
Mr.. Randolph, in effect, ac-
cused Mr.. Meany himself of
being too lackadaisical in ef-
forts to end Negro job bias.
He remarked that Mr.. Meany
acted with more zeal in dealing
with union corruption and
in arranging the AFL-CIO
The was one immediate ef-
feet. Charles Zimmerman re-
Evening star., 1961-03-01

checking OF their files. On
Monday. detectives found a
matching set Of prints on a
New York City cabaret card.
Thompson in 1858 had worked
as a ntghtclub doorman, and
the city requires that employees
Of such establishments carry a
card with their photograph
and fingerprints.
Thompson also had been
fingerprinted after being ar
rested on public intoxication
charges while working at sum-
mer resorts in the Catskill
Mountains.
Arrested at Farm
Thompson was arrested
yesterday near Toms River,
N. j., where he had sought en-
ployment on a chicken farm.
Thompson admitted to Off
GERS that he had lured little
Edith from a Lower Manhat-
tan street Wednesday, took her
to his shabby room and
sexually assaulted and killed
her.
Afterward Thompson spent
three days in a boozy haze in
a Bowery flophouse.
"Ill probably get life or the
electric chair" detectives quoted
the toothless, British born
derelict as saying after his cap
ture yesterday.
1T was the worst crime I
have ever known-and I COM
mitted it," he said.
Threatened by Crowd
Thompson was taken last
night to the Beech street Police
Station, about q mile from the
Chelsea district, scene Of the
crime.
He was taken there by police
to avoid trouble" after a surg
ing, chanting crowd of about
500 appeared at the West goth
Street Station, near the murder
scene.
I'VE want the murderer
Kill him like an animal. Hang
him." the crowd chanted.
The girls widowed mother,
Mrs. Edith Kiecorius, is a
Puerto Rican. and the Chelsea
area is populated largely by
Puerto Ricans.
The mother, near hysteria at
times at her home, said
Thompson should "be destroyed
like a mad animal. That way
other children will be saved.
They should make him suffer
like the girl"
Mass to Be Offered
A mass Of the angels will be
offered at e:30 am. tomorrow
for the slain girl. She will be
buried in a white doeskin-lined
casket.
Thompson had gone to the
chicken farm about 10 miles
from New York in search Of a
job. He used the name John
Andrews" But the employer.
Max Pesko, recognized him
through pictures and his
British accent and called
police.
Thompson at first denied his
identity. New Jersey police said,
but he later admitted the slay-
ing when his fingerprints were
checked.
Evening star., 1961-03-01
Ward Book Review

The Rev. Samuel Van Culin,
general secretary Of Laymen
International, will review give
Ideas That Changed the World"
by Barbara Ward tomorrow at
the noon luncheon book review
series in st. Johns Episcopal
Church, Lafayette Square. Mr..
Van Culin is a former assistant
rector Of the church.
Evening star., 1961-03-01
Oil Thieves CAUGHT

ROME, Mar. l (AP).-Three
thieves were caught, sneaking
out of the Church of Santa
Maria de Popolo yesterday with
six bronze altar candelabra,
attributed to the Renaissance
Artist Giovanni Lorenzo Ber-
mini. They are valued at about
$4,000.
Evening star., 1961-03-01

courtroom jammed with about
$50 spectators.
The appearance before Mag
istrate Louis S. Wallach took
only three minutes.
The 59-year-old prisoner had
no lawyer and said nothing at
any time, even when asked q
question by the magistrate.
Gazes at Floor
At times he gazed at the
floor and then at a court at
tendant. On occasion it ap-
peared he didn't understand
parts Of an affidavit, read in
the court, outlining the homi-
eide charge against him.
Then he was led away to a
cell.
Magistrate Wallach an
nounced that he would assign
a defense attorney and ad-
journed a hearing in the case
until Friday.
Thompson had heard jeers
and abuse from people on the
streets as he was taken from a
station house to police head
quarters for fingerprinting and
photographing, and then to the
courtroom.
One woman near police head
quarters cried out:
There's that dirty dog"
The sparkling g-eyed little VIC
tim Of one Of New York's most
savage sex slayings in years
vanished while playing on a
street last Wednesday.
Body Found Sunday
A massive police search was
organized, and her battered
body was found on Sunday in
a room which had been rented
by Thompson in Lower Man
haitian.
The room was Uttered with
beer cans.
On these police found finger
prints and began a laborious