davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

plosion occurred for lack of a safe
ty valve.
If the British would have care
fully read Kenyatta's Facing Mt.
Kenya" (193s and reprinted in
1853 at the height of the Mau Mau
disturbances) and described by lit
erary and political experts as still
the best book on the Kikuyus' -,
the terrible Mau Mau blood bath
probably wouldn't have happened
and the progressive decline into
racial conflict would have stopped.
Amazing as it may seem, the
traditional system of government
as utilized by the Kenya natives
before the British arrived was
based on true democratic prin-
ciples'' And author George Deli
pinpoints this vital fact with clar-
flying exactness.
In their watertight community,
with its clubs, its golf, it's hunting,
and it's built-in sense of national
superiority, few Europeans had
any conception of the psychology
cal chaos which lay around them
like the passengers on the doomed
Titanic, they did not see where
they were going! They studiously
disregarded the true democratic
principles" of the Kikuyuans for
their own profit and comfort.
Kenyatta was too intelligent
man not to sense the dangerous
degree of confusion into which
Kenya had drifted. But to do
something about it was a horse of
a different color.
He did not devote all his
speeches to problems of land, the
color bar and the vote franchise.
He frequently warned his listeners
that unless they learn how to
work intelligently' they would
not get the things they wanted.
And author Negley Farson admit
ted, He speaks more plain words
to his own people than a white
man can-for they listen.
But the policy of governmental
gradualism built up a reaction first
of disappointment, then anger,
then hatred. 1t could lead only to
trouble-and did.
Even the words of Fenner
Brockman, high government Of
ficial as he retired from active
service in Kenya, had a deep and
significant meaning. The follow
ing quote won a storm of applause:
when a baby Is born, 1t Is not
the pigment of the skin which
makes it precious; 1t Is the life,
the spirit, within that little form,
be It white, brown, black or yell
low, which makes 1t sacred"
Sentimental? Perhaps to people |
born into a free society; but in
Kenya it touched the very core of
African politics as witness the
headlines in today and tomorrow's
On Aug. 4, 1850, Mau Mau was
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

interesting Friday
acting press Togo
16 month old West African republic
Mrs Josie Johnson hard working member of the ntena
ona Center for Foreign Visitors Students thoughtful enough
to bring Mr. Jminiga to see us for brief chat
Mr. iminigass country relatively tiny comparison to the
ether newly Independent Africa nations The land of Togo Mr.
iniga pointed out is $4,000 miles The nation but
400 miles long and at its widest point 90 miles its
thickest bulge
country a population a million The
national language is French and most of the inhabitants embrace the
Christian faith.
Togo a rusteeship
Its needs the official said the education
you a modern continent Africa your
will find that tiny Togo bounded the east and
north by English speaking Ghana and the republic Of
Dahomey which became a sovereign state in 1850
city the capital city which is said to
be attractive city with both French and German since
the controlled the country before World War
Mr. Jmnga said the lacks good roads The us recently
substantial budozs tractors with
people rapidly building repairing those
careesy the French during their 40 years rule"
country presently "ar' to end malaria and
other African based diseases with the aid of WHO the UN
organization
The principal economic base is agriculture Togo good
coffee and cotton
mining experts supposed to have found traces of iron
n
Jiminga a good press representative
parliament getting along
the highly intelligent handsome
slightly built black who spoke in addition French
ceptable English.
He voiced complaint greet
namely: Department
by visiting Africans that they Negro America first
hand
American Negroes blood
the they farng this
great country" Mr. Jiminiga told u.s.
Togo has been the US and Porto Rico since
onehaf months Although he the
industry publication he had
the and composition of number
of Negro which
until he reached San Francisco July 49, that he had
opportunity American Negro
favoab meeting
professional a San Francisco dinner
Jminga people his country hungry for in
We showed him old
Colored America He read it avidly picking
variety positions held Negroes in American life
that the last published in 1850
the the American Ne
Negroes engaged wider number of
useful in the past 10
suggested that he the latest Negro Year
purchased issued in 1852 This book
information which Negro and white too who wants
the blacks America ought to have
libraries miniga plans buy each of the volumes to
Togo may still
through Tuskegee Institute.
Jminiga country
with Brazilian background Many Bazs
Africa the South
natural ties with the tiny African
like African leaders spent time in prison before his
country freedom
with Mr. Jminiga has been with too foreign
especially those Africa brief too short to
about respective countries the
people, aspirations Cecil
Nevm
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

human beings with their own
rights"
Given seven years of hard labor
and Punishment to the back coun-
try, he is still at Lodwar, a far-off
outpost where he is supposedly
under restriction" but not hard
labor Pressure for his release has
been mounting steadily according
to present dispatches from Kenya.
This is a thrilling and most en-
crossing rundown of one mans
desperate attempt to win respect
for himself and his people in this
mad, atomic world. Properly eval-
uated it also has much to tell about
current problems not only of Ken
va, Africa, but of modern civiliza-
ton itself.
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

declared an illegal society. AL
though no one knew for certain
who was behind it, if anyone. The
bullets, the pangs deadly plan
tation knives) and the 13,547 corp
ses were to achieve nothing final,
but merely postpone the day when
both black and white would have
to find, for their own peace of
mind, a rational answer to the
two-headed myth of their own
creation.
So Kenyatta was arrested and
at the long trial he said on his
own behalf and the others accused
what he had said so often in the
past years of his life: that all he
and the others wanted was that
Africans should be treated as
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

cost him the election. They are
too political, he does not marshal
all his facts, his presentation ap-
pears disorderly and he seems al
together unrelaxed.
Nixon begins, as he did in the
debates, in tone of sweet reason
ableness. Then, without warning or
adequate preparation of the reader,
he suddenly begins a slashing,
fierce attack.
He makes the mistake that even
professional writer's occasionally
make. He assumes that with ad-
jectives and epithets he can de-
stroy his opponent. This is regret
table, not because it is Nixon at
lacking his old rival but because
there is a reasonable, plausible case
to be made for the get-tough posi-
ton which he advocates.
Perhaps there is a clue to what
is wrong with the Nixon approach
in this paragraph from his third
piece.
II am preparing articles on each
of the subjects I have discussed" 4"
Nixon discloses. by the time
they are ready for publication
hope that the decisions will have
been made which will make un-
necessary the publication of the
constructive criticism I now feel
should be made in the national in
terest."
Just what does that paragraph
mean? 1t could be construed to
mean that Nixon is Withholding
his constructive criticism" mere
ly to see If JFK is smart enough
to anticipate him. Or it could
mean that Nixon is building sus-
pense and trying to whet public
interest in what he will come up
with next.
1t also sounds as if he is saying,
Get in line Kennedy or I am
coming after you"
In his essay Nixon writes later,
This is no time for those of us in
the loyal opposition to say We
told you so.'"
Exactly. Unfortunately the tone
of the third article conveys the
opposite impression. Probably be-
cause it is so vague and general
lied Nixon seems to be saying in
every paragraph, Il told you So"
The election is over.
That does not mean the public
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
Who's Inferior?

psychologist Henry E. Garrett bid
a finding The weight
proposition
haps also in character) are innate and genetc."
This is sensational at least two scores:
Up point psychology yet
mental ability
Ever urn o. century
recognizable
anthropoogss
differences
around the world environmental
a scientific finding upon
divided
This We been hearing this theory expomded
political and the smoingcar bull
session repeabty Psychologist halls from
Columbia University doubt that he will much support
for his theories from his colleagues.
Take of ability"
well defined and the psychologists
it. Nor psychologist anthropologit
the hereditary the envronmen factors
mental ability Indeed the evidence
environment a conditioner of mental ability.
years ago United exposed
intelligence testing the did actually
higher training discipline
children than that factory Since
startling intelligence including
the that it sometimes possible activity
even in children given hopelessy defective.
Garrett respectabty argue
there genec nferios mental ability
the colored races This its
feror with respect certain underlined qualities
At this point about the only feel able
the subject of intelligence that Psychologist Garrett ought
able better
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04

has lost interest in current af-
fairs. Some might welcome a re-
sumption of the Nixon
debates. But I should think every
one, Republicans and Democrats,
would want it on a higher level
than last year.
AS Nixon himself writes "the
stakes are too high" for campaign
type politics.
Two other references in the Nix
on article further illustrate how
difficult it is to change profess
sions. The former Vice President
starts off with what newspaper
men call the smash lead".
THE shakedown cruise of the
Kennedy Administration is over.
The national interest demands that
he drop overheard the pilots who
have almost run the Ship of State
aground in the past six months
and take over the wheel himself"
Fine idea, but what is he talking
about? Who are the anonymous
pilots" On which proposals
have they gone wrong? Is there
evidence to indicate that the Presi-
dent has not charted the very
course he wishes to follow? Or is
Nixon attacking some shadowy
figures around JF'K because it is
questionable to make a direct at
tack on the President himself?
One Nixon comment is alto
gether battling. He refers to a
Hamlet like psychosis" that
seems to afflict the Administra-
ton. Does he mean neurosis?
Richard M. Nixon is a far more
intelligent man than his critics
have ever made him out He is
of course, a man who has been
deeply hurt. But he did grow in
office and he has a deeper under
standing of public affairs than
some of his campaign utterances
indicated.
In the rest of his series it would
be better if he were to get down
to cases and put forth his own
program. Then, if the Russians
have not gone berserk, we can en-
joy a great national debate
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
DIR Y-POINTS
BY FRED GRAM

They used
live to look like department dummies
After Is years the Commes finally with
to stop the flow Of refugees
getting just impatient
to put with little temporary inconvenience
The COP line is that programs
because need and can't
of the do they making
The rabbits and squirrels having converted
neghbors garden vegetable neighbor has
covered mineral that gives promise restoring
of the vegetables lead
Reaction Of Dixie officials US be al
defiant hardboed belie
erent adamant answering peuant in
dgnan In they holding principle govern
ment by of the governors.
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
The Money Is There!

We have heard the story the fund losing ont
IN the race between income and ougo but the the
Minneapolis social security office So Income to the
und during the year ending Dec 49, 1860
million and at the Of that
Don't about failure security at age az the
money is there.-Bele PIaine Herald
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
Editorial Shorts

The southern
BILE protecting rights foong
themselves We Negroes know what states rights
Those cyncs who complain that
leaves nothing for the imagination just haven't magma
ton!
The public housing has kicked
the outside observer impression
small income people in Sanity City who
that everybody St. Paul already
Twenty this week preparing
first editorial for this
the deadlne We still write editorials
been type by Monday night Not progress
Since Kennedys call to the bluff Kremln
have noticed spirit abroad in the Nobody
here but
crngng The people seemed determined to allow
to fghten them from what consider
sponsblity.
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
BY EDWARD p. SCHWARTZ

Fancy Belt" and that's what
Kenyatta means in the Kikuyl
language - gained initial bool
knowledge as a mission boy il
Kenya, Africa, and later in Eng
land, Denmark and Russia in di.
verse areas including anthopologS
and economics.
Regarded by many Europeans as
a modern incarnation of the devil
this grandson of Kikuyu medi,
cine man-to Kenya Africans
he stands for the one hope of this
technically backward country tc
claim a respected place among
the nations of the world.
Jomo Kenyatta foresaw the up
heaval that British upper class
misrule, inept missionaries and the
tide of time would take If detri-
balized natives were not carefully
and humanely handled.
Although he supposedly carried
on a filtration with communism
The was once a roommate of Paul
Robson in London), there is real
ly no valid proof that the great
Kenya political leader ever devel-
oped any deep conviction for, or
understanding of, the complex
theories of MarSdsm.
AS early as 1880 Kenyatta in a
letter to the Times of London said:
Kikuyu Central Association OBJ
jective was to help Kikuyuans to
improve themselves, not to APE
the foreigners.
The letter ended with "the re-
preston of native views on sub
jects of vital interest to my people
by means of legislative measures,
can only be described as a short
sighted Tightening up Of the safety
valve of free speech which must
inevitably result in a dangerous
explosion - the one thing that all
sane men wish to avoid"
Twenty-Five years later the ex-
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
WATCH
on the
POTOMAC
BY ROBERT @. SpTVAcK

Washington.-THE NIXON ARTICLES - Former Vice
President Richard NJ Nixon in the process of making the
perious transition from politician pundt 1t is big step
but in his initial he be making the same
errors as writer that he made last fall as a debater
His first three articles show evidence of the shortcomings
that lost him the debates with John Kennedy and poby
St. Paul recorder., 1961-08-04
Jomo KenYatfo's
Impact On KenYo
ThriIIinq, Enqrossinq

JOMO KENYATTA by George
Deli published by Doubleday, $S.9j
Editors note: This being a
controversial subject and know
ing full well the impact Ken
yatta has had on black and
white alike all over the world,
we turned this review task over
to Edward P. Schwartz, prom
inent Minneapolis civic worker,
veteran local printer, ex-news-
paper man, who has an inter
national reputation for his con-
slant stream of "gag" cards but
even more Importantly as pres
ident Of the Henry Miller Liter
ary Society.
Evening star., 1961-04-27

America and Russia will use
the bombs"
In his evening wind-up of
the three-day Institute of Con-
temporary Arts and Sciences
Congress. Sir Charles then up
dated his two cultures" lecture
which first stirred discussion
two years ago.
Sir Charles opened with a
definition Of the speech he gave
at Cambridge when the roof
fell on my head"
What l said was, trained as
a scientist and a novelist by
vocation, saw two sides; the
intellectual people were
roughly split in two. On one
extreme were physicists, math-
ematicians, etc. On the other
hand the literary intellectuals
were most typical Of a non-sci-
ence culture"
Sir Charles said he found
"deploringly little ccmmunica-
ton between the two. Mix
ing in the two I find the degree
Of ignorance quite remarkable, !"
about each others field.
Sir Charles remarked that he
also said two years ago that in
the broad sense literary and
esthetic intellecturals are on
the side Of reaction, had no ties
or hope for the future and that,
conversely, those in science
tended to have a sense Of the
future.
Evening star., 1961-04-27
Seen Advancing Freedom
BY MYRA MACPHERSON
Star staff Writer

C. p. Snow, who among his
many talents has the additional
one of making headlines. talked
yesterday about two Of his con-
troversial theories.
The more recent and start
ling headlines followed his
December speech to the Ameri-
can Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science in which
the British novelist scientist
said either we must disarm or
face a certainty of an A-bomb
discharge within a decade.
Saying yesterday he thought
this speech has done some
good Sir Charles (as he is known
outside the literary world) fur
ther emphasized, I'VE really are
in a terribly dangerously situa-
ton. No doubt about it,"
He added there was no GER
tainty in trusting society to be
rational. 1T is rather a Sleep
walking effect; perfectly SEN
sible men are making perfectly
sensible decisions - and the
total effect is sheer madness"
He calls for, as a starter,
limited'possession of bombs and
then gradual disarmament. He
added somewhat hopefully "all
one can say Is that those who
are aware take the stable posi-
ton that, granted sanity,
chances seem to be small that
Evening star., 1961-04-27
Transit Acquires
80 Used Buses,
Not Air-CooIed

The D. c. Transit System has
purchased 38 used buses to re-
place some of its oldest We
hicleS now in service. 1t is the
first large-scale purchase of
used vehicles by the transit firm
in the memory of Public Service
Commission officials.
The purchase was confirmed
today by James H. Flanagan,
vice president and treasurer of
the system, who said the 38
buses are not air-condition. The
exact capacities and ages of
the newly acquired buses were
not disclosed.
The purchase came as D. c,
Transit and some members of
the P. U. C.. were in disagree
ment over proposals by the COM
pany to buy used buses to re-
place 154 street cars scheduled
to be removed from service.
At an April IL hearing, Com
missioner Harold A. Kertz of
the p. U. C. said he had been
under the impression that D.
C. Transit was committed to
buy new air-conditioned buses
to replace the trolleys.
Mr.. Flanagan said it was
possible that some of the 38
buses might be used in the troll
ley-replacement program, but
said this was not the primary
reason for the purchase.
Evening star., 1961-04-27
Deaf Children Learn Heorinq Secrets

NV, where he's receiving pre-
school training in learning how
to hear"
HE didn't learn the word
for light in school," his mother
said proudly. But like most of
his deaf schoolmates J. c. is
acutely observant, according to
his teachers.
The catch is to start training
just as early as possible, Mrs,
Jacobs said. So did staff mem
bers of WIS, which will mark
Better Hearing Week beginning
Monday.
Hard at the job of getting
through to hearing people was
j. C.'s friend George w. CTurk)
Marthens, 2, of Chevy Chase.
What does the drum say
Bang, bang, bang" sang a pho
nograph, as Turk listened with
rapt attention through head
phones.
Evening star., 1961-04-27

for an educational system
which would merge the knowl-
edge of these two cultures. He
added there was a better chance
of this happening in the United
States than in Britain where
education is cryStalized; we
are far too deeply entangled in
English class structure"
One of his basic reasons for
the necessity of knowing about
both fields was "the things
which divide men are on the
whole tending to win over
things which bring us together"
This is symbolized in this
gap and "if man cannot come
together on even the small
things, I don't believe there
is much chance for us"
Another Charles on the final
program was American archi-
tect Charles Eames. The cas-
ual, bow-tied, 54-year-old with
the brush cut said he felt the
creative processes of the archi-
tect were not unlike those which
go on in science. He said the
architect begins with a struc-
ture-it doesn't matter if it
is right or wrong-but it Is a
beginning on which to test
other structures, much the
same as a scientist studies hy-
potheses.
He added that both the arch
itect and scientist are in some
ways professional amateurs. In
Evening star., 1961-04-27
Beaten Woman Gains;
Clue EIudes Detectives

Detectives working on the
case have gone over Miss Lock
woods ransacked Boston House
apartment carefully.
/ They are almost certain now
that the criminal, either before
or after the attack, searched
the place for money. Several
purses were emptied, but po-
lice believe only a few dollars
is missing at the most.
A diamond ring and wrist
watch, previously believed miss
ing, we're later accounted for
Right Side ParaIyzed
Miss Lockwood now is able
| to move her head and left arm
a little. Her right side was
paralyzed by the brain damage
DR.. Brown said the permanency
of the brain damage is "unpre-
dictable," and that a brain
specialist will examine the pa
tient, probably this week, to
determine whether blood clots
or other complications will re-
quire an operation.
In addition to a jaw fracture
and other injuries, Miss Lock-
wood had a pressure sore" on
the right side of her face. DR.
Brown said this was caused by
lying motionless on the right
side for the two days she was
helpless on her apartment floor
Evening star., 1961-04-27
BY DAVID BREASTED
Star Staff Writer

Two-year-old ]. c. Jacobs
sensed something new in his
special world. The problem
was to find it.
He toddled over to his
mothers washing machine and
put his hand on it. No, it
wasn't that.
Finally he looked out the
door of his Falls Church home,
For the first time in his life
he had noticed airplane noise,
1t was a milestone last week
for the youngster, son of Air
Forse TiSergt. and Mrs. Alex
ander T. Jacobs.
j. C. has been deaf since
birth.
Yesterday, the wide-eyed tot
pointed silently up at a light
at the Washington Hearing
Society, 1884 Calvert street
Evening star., 1961-04-27

This helps deaf children how
to hear" or sense, aural vibra-
tions and what they mean, Mrs.
Marthens explained. "They
actually do hear. or they
wouldn't keep the headphones
on" she said.
Il didn't want to believe it
at first" Mrs. George Ramsey
of Alexandria said of the time
when she and her husband
found that their tow-headed
son Jeffrey. also 2, had been
deafened by meningitis.
But Jeffrey has devoted help
from his sisters, Theresa, 10
and Vicki, 10. They help him
match things with words like
fish, ball and car" said Mrs.
Ramsey. Association of lip
movements with objects and
colors is a key part Of the WIS
program.
Evening star., 1961-04-27

depend on such an arbitrary
circumstance is manifestly in
tolerable and contrary to the
basic principle of freedom" ;"
Judge Holtzoff said.
Notes Disagreement
He noted that psychiatrists
disagree among themselves as
to whether OBeirne's condition
-sociopathic personalities a
mental disease or not.
The judge said that he feels
that the policy change by the
hospital relating to sociopaths
is a retroactive application"
that is unreasonable and un-
just.
The judge made it clear,
however, that defendents
found guilty by reason of in
sanity, on grounds they were
sociopaths since the policy
change in November, 1857,
have mo just cause for COM
plant" on this score in any
effort to gain their freedom
from the hospital.
The judge suggested that
defense attorneys frequently
do their clients a disservice
when they request a mental
examination for defend
ants in borderline cases in
which the offense is of a type
that would carry at most a
short term of Imprisonment"