davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-11

groundwork must be done on any
scheme of such magnitude. Possibly
also, before final decisions are made, it
will be necessary for Congress to deter
mine whether powers of urban renewal
can be used to make the site available.
But this should not deter sponsors of
the project from moving ahead i'm
mediately with expert studies which
should have been made long ago to
determine its feasibility
Evening star., 1961-12-11

government is far to the left
and Katanga's president
Noise TShombe is a pro-
Western Christian. So why
do we back up the Commu-
nists and betray a man and
his country who are our
friends? In 1888 we betrayed
the Russian people by recog-.
nizing a band of gangsters;
we betrayed Gen. Mihailovic
in 1943; and since then we
have betrayed Chang Kai-
shek and the peoples of Po-
land, Czechoslovakia, Hun
gary, East Germany. Latvia.
Estonia, Bulgaria, Romania.
Cuba, Tibet and Laos. We
now ponder Wet Nam and
British Guiana. They say
Tshombe's troops are mer-
cenaries. The U. N. troops
are mercenaries in every
sense of the term, hired by
the U. N. and paid for largely
by the American taxpayer.
Russia has paid absolutely
nothing and yet she is the
beneficiary of this fighting
and bloodshed. When will
the bureaucrats in our State
Department wake up? When
will they start working for
the free world and our real
friends across the way?
F. E. Callaghan.
Long Beach, Calf.
q =
The Star for December Z.
1861, headhned ~. S. Congo
Airlift Halted, Plane is Hit"
Could it be that Noise
Tshombe, having heard that
Communist Tito has received
over $2.5 billion in aid from
the United States since shoot
ing down one of our planes
over Yugoslavia, is hoping
for the same consideration II
he does likewise? Poor man.
he'll have to quit telling the.
world how anti-Communist
he is and play it smart like
our Marxist friends, Tito and
Cheddi Jagan, before our
Government would consider
it, in the national interest"
to help him!
Ephraim M. Hampton.
y + 4 y
When tribesmen loyal to
Communist Gizenga terror
lied Belgian women and
children, raped nuns and tor
tured priests and mission
aries, U. N. troops stood pat,
respectful of Gizenga's SOW
ereignty, not wishing to in
terfere in the internal af-
fairs of the Congo.
But when an anti-Commu-
mist appeared among the Af-
rican leaders, when Tshombe
showed by word and deed
that he preferred to base the
future of his land on CO.
operation with the West
rather than with the assist
ance" of communism, U. N.
hordes were rushed against
him.
The whole disgraceful epi-
sode is at the expense of the
American taxpayer!
Or are we back to the gay
thirtieS? Would it not be the
moment to reconstruct the
Lincoln Brigade and launch
it in an anti-anti-C Communist
crusade against Tshombe and
his "mercenarieS?"
Daniel WOlk0nSky.
Evening star., 1961-12-11

to enjoy a greater freedom
Of decision than he did even.
a few weeks ago and more
flexibility in dealing with his
allies. :
Opposite British View '
Quite clearly. for instance,
the Americans here do not
share the now-or-never Brit
ish view about negotiations
on Berlin. They are far less
concerned about the neces-
sity of settling the status Of
the city before signing Of a
separate peace treaty be-
tween Russia and East Ger
many. Even II such q treaty
is signed, they feel its ratifi-
cation and entering into force
will take considerable time.
And even after, this treaty
would not necessarily COM
promise negotiations or di-
minish chances Of reaching a
satisfactory agreement on
Berlin. .
The more relaxed American
mood also probably reflects a
new reading of the situation
inside Russia itself. In recent
weeks, Mr.. Khrushchev has.
been relatively benign in his
comments on Berlin. There
are faint first signs Of a new
warm spell in the cold war
and some highly placed prog
nosicators are predicting a
move toward a new Kennedy
Khrushchev summit along the
lines of the meeting in Vienna
last spring.
In addition, Of course,
Premier KhruShchev has some
serious problems at home.
AS Western experts see it,
Russian reaction to his final
destruction of Stain has not
yet run its course and pre-
sents Mr.. Khrushchev with
what is potentially the most
dangerous threat to his own
leadership that he has faced
so far. Above all, these ex-
perts believe Mr.. Khrushchev
has now finally been con-
vinced that the Allies mean
business in Berlin and will
fight, if necessary, to protect
their rights there.
All these factors seem to
play a part in the new Amer
lean attitude toward the ques-
ton of negotiating on Berlin.
They account for the fact,
perhaps, that the delegates
have arrived in Paris in a
considerably less determined
mood than had been expected
earlier. It still seems probable
that most administration
leaders favor negotiations at
some point and would prob
ably insist on them if the
crisis became worse. For the
time being, however, there is
no special hurry. And even.
perhaps, a certain sympathy
for the French viewpoint that
the longer major confronta-
ton can be postponed the
better.
Evening star., 1961-12-11

suit OF the mtercalatlon,
translation from German,
and apparently the compress
sion of two manuscripts
found in the apartment Of
Friedheim's widow after her
death in 1859. One of these
is a set of memoirs, the other
a serious study of Liszt. The
editor, Theodore L. Bullock,
leaves the distinction be-,
tween these two sources to
his readers deductive skill.
which many Of these readers
will properly resent. =,
But, this aside, what do
we learn from the book? Un-r
fortunately. less than the
chapter headings suggest and ,
far less than the text some
times claims. Fer example.
Friedheim promises to dis.
close nothing less than the
key to one of the seemingly
most complex and contradic-
tory characters, a key which
will embrace all his artistic
achievements as an inter-
prefer and as a composer.
ABOLD CLAIM indeed, and
perhaps one that nobody
could meet. But when it turns
out that the key to List lies
in the dictum "he had be-
come a Christian-mystic," I
think we are entitled to feel
annoyance as well as diSap-
pointment.
On List the Composer"
Mr.. Friedheim is not much
better. He rambles. He is nei-
ther technical nor aesthetic,
neither scholarly nor popular,
and he almost never defines
his terms. THE difficulty
with LISTS music is it's
style" All, Mr.. Friedheim,
we know that. .
And when Friedheim be-
comes expansive, he does not
by the same token become
informative:
"All through life Liszt
sensed the spiritual, could see
and hear things and sounds
beyond ordinary ken. He had
the intuition, the mystic pow
er to penetrate beyond the
empyrean." Friedheim does
not explain how one can go
beyond the highest heaven.
He continues: ITO me, mys-,
ticism and genius have al
ways appeared, indissolubly
united. Spiritual ecstasy or
rapture glows in the soul of
the genius and stimulates
him to extraordinary express.
sion. So LiSzt functioned as
a medium in the most i'm
material Of all arts which,
in its highest revelations, cam
rightly be regarded as the
language of mysticism. The
keys and wires of a piano
were the media to voice his
myStical-spiritua1 ecstasy"
This mayor may not
tell us something about Liszt.
It certainly tells us something
about the ideas of the ma
ture of the genius and artist
held by an intellectual a
generation or two younger
than Liszt. But that, after
all. is not the ostensible sub
ject of the book.
Evening star., 1961-12-11
A BOOK FOR TODAY.
Mystical Virtuoso's Meteoric Career
By DONALD MINTZ

MyStIC0 VHIuOSO
LIFE AND LISzT, THE RE-
COLLECTIONS OF A CON-
CERT PIANIST. By Ar
thur Friedheim, edited by
Theodore L. Bullock. (Tap-
linger Publishing Co.; 1856
pages; Sc. Illustrated.)
There is really no such
thing as posterity's evalua-
ton of an artist, for times
change and with them the
regulations of the great men
of the past. But one would
think that when an artist
has been dead for Is years
it would be possible to find
some general - though Of
course not lasting - con-
sensus about his Importance
and Influence.
This is not the case with
Franz Liszt. the composer
and pianist, the sesquicen-
tennial of whose birth falls in
1861. Liszt has his admirers
and his detractorS, and we ar
a long way from finding some
reasonably acceptable COM
mon ground.
He was born in Hungary
in 1911. His meteoric con-
cert career began at the age
of IL. From then until 1848
he was an international hero
of the keyboard, a pianist
whose dazzling performances
took Europe by storm, a pi-
anist without rival.
The year 1848 was a fate
full one in European history.
and in the life of Liszt. He
became court music director
at Weimar and turned to
composition for its own sake
rather than as a means OF
exploiting the keyboard, and
to conducting and propa-
gandizing on behalf Of the
most advanced music of the
day.
THEN IN 1861 Liszt with
drew almost entirely from
performance. He wandered
about from Rome to Weimar
to Budapest and back around
the circuit, taught a good
deal, thought much, and COM
posed music some of which
sounds bold even to modern
ears.
There was a curious COM
bination of sensuality and
religious feeling in Liszt, just
as his music is at times al
most simultaneously empty
bombast and the deepest feel
ing. Perhaps we are on the
eve of a Liszt revival. But
in any event, we need to
brush away the StereotypeS
and try to see Liszt as he
was.
Now we have Arthur Fried
helms book, and a rather
curious performance it is too.
Friedheim, who died in 1882,
was a pianist and composer.
He studied with List from
1880 to 1886, the year of
LISTS death. In his day
Friedheim was a celebrated
virtuoso, but since he went
into semiretirement at the
time of World War I, few of
today's concert goers will re-
member him.
Life and Liszt" is the re-
Evening star., 1961-12-11

&A4eAASs
To Judge from first i'm
pressions of the assembled
delegates, every effort will be
made during this NATO
meeting to avoid a public
showdown between the West
ern Allies over the question
of negotiating on Berlin.
The meeting was not orig
inally expected to go this
way.
Most Of the buildup had
been devoted to the problem
Of how to overcome President
de Gaulle's obstinate refusal
to consider a new approach
to the Russians. The British
and the Americans, it seemed.
were banking heavily on the
influence of Chancellor Ade-
nauer to sway the French
President during their meet
ing Saturday. Many expected
Secretary of State Rusk to
arrive with something that
approached an ultimatum:
Either agree to negotiate or
we will talk to the Russians
without you.
Strangely enough, however,
now that the meeting has
started, this sort of talk has
almost entirely evaporated. 1t
is clear that Mr.. Adenauer
devoted very little time and
effort to the problem of Ber-
lin. And since these annual
NATO meetings are prima-
rily an exercise in Western
solidarity there is a very
deliberate attempt to soft
pedal the issue on which the
Allies are still sharply di-
vided.
Urgency Diminishes
More than this, however,
some observers here have
formed an impression of a
new American flexibility on
the whole question Of Berlin.
When it comes to negotiations
with Russia the feeling Of
urgency seems to have dis
appeared. So far as most
delegates are concerned,
there is now no particular
reason to rush into a con-
ference with Premier Khru-
shchev. There is almost no
talk at all of pushing ahead
without the consent Of
France.
Th1S cnange Is not, so lar
as any one can tell, capit-
ulation to Gen. de Gaulle's
point of view. While many
delegates privately admit the
logic and perhaps even the
wisdom Of the French stand
there is little disposition to
admit that Gen. de Gaulle or
anyone else holds the right OF
veto over the alliance as a
whole.
What seems to have
changed fundamentally, SO
far as the Americans are con-
cerned, is their reading of the
Berlin picture itself and the
danger that is involved fol-
the West. On the domestic
front there also seems to have
been a significant drop in the
Evening star., 1961-12-11
LETTERS TO THE STAR

rageous, and this contract
should be Cancelled immedi-
ately.
w. o. Schrader.
Evening star., 1961-12-11
WATCHING THE WORLD
By CROSBY S. NOYs5
NATO Set to Avoid Showdown
Foreign Correspondent Of The Stor

pressure Of public opinion in
favor Of new talks. AS a result
President Kennedy now seems
to enjoy a greater freedom.
Of decision than he did even
a few weeks ago and more
flexibility in dealing with his
allies.
Evening star., 1961-08-06

such a ship outside the juris-
diction of a State"
The Phoenicians were among
the earliest practitioners Of the
shady art Of piracy. They
Scourged the Mediterranean
long before the birth of Christ.
There are numerous references
to sea robbers also in Homer'S
Odyssey.
julius Caesar as a young man
was said to have been ransomed
from pirates.
In American history, Presi-
dent Thomas jefferson early
in the 10Th century dispatched
a naval force to quell the cor
sairS Of Tripoli. The infant
United States thus became the
first Christian nation ever to
win immunity from the pirates
Of the Barbary Coast.
AS early as the 18th century,
buccaneers invaded this hemi-
sphere to prey upon the Span
ish Main off the South Ameri-
can coast. Native American
pirates later prowled the West
Indies, and today q number of
Evening star., 1961-08-06

to the idea. They advocated,
instead, that the old laws of
the sea be made applicable
to the modern age-that hi
jacking Of an airliner> be made
an act Of piracy, punishable
by life Imprisonment.
In Washington, the Senate
Immediately called hearings to
try to do just that. And on
lockers in their august cham
berS might be excused If they
imagined they saw in the back
ground the wraiths Of bygone
buccaneers.
Evening star., 1961-08-06

Roger, dread flag of the buc-
cancer fleet. The modern pirate
brandishes q gun rather than
q cutlaSs.
, The new piracy has taken
the form Of hyjacking, at sea
and in the air. Since the first
Of the year, one cruise ship and
three commercial airliners have
been seized at bunpoint for po-
htical or other reasons, their
passengers and crews terrorized
as were Seafarers Of long ago.
Old definitions referred to
piracy as seizure on the high
seas. In 1858, the Geneva Con-
vention took note Of the
modern air age, but specified
that the seizure must be for
private ends. Article Is Of the
Geneva compact defines piracy
thus:
ANY illegal acts Of violence,
detention or any act Of depre-
dation committed for private
ends by the crew or the passen-
gers Of a. private ship and di-
rected on the high seas against
another ship or aircraft or
persons or property on board
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Free SWIMMING
Lessons Offered

Free swimming instruction
is being offered to children
between the ages Of Z and IA
from 9 to 10 am. Mondays
through Fridays at the Dis
trict's outdoor pools.
Pools are at Fifth and Van
Buren, streets NV; Seven
teenth and RoSedale streets
Evening star., 1961-08-06

J., American cities have in their
historic background fact OF
legend of pirate conquest.
However, more than a cen
tury ago piracy began to wane
as the worlds navieS grew
stronger and the steam engine
and telegraph shifted the ad-
vantage to the hunted rather
than the hunter. The last YES
tiges Of organized piracy are
said to exist still in Communist
China, where coastal shipping
is prey to marauderS to this
day.
Thus it was like a page from
out the past last January %
when the Portuguese cruise
ship Santa Maria, 13 days out
Of Lisbon, was seized off Cura-
Gao by Capt. Henrique Galvao
and some 80 cohorts. He de-
scribed his act as a gesture OF
revolution against Portuguese
Premier Antonio Salazar, rath-
er than as a pirate conquest.
For IL days, the Santa Maria
cruised the South Atlantic in
apparently aimless fashion, It's
900 passengers and 366 crew
men captiveS.
Eventually, Capt. Galvao put
into Recife, Brazil, where he
surrendered the liner and freed
the captives. The Santa Maria
was promptly returned to her
Portuguese owners. But Capt
Galvao did not return and has
yet to be prosecuted.
Meanwhile, q new form OF
piracy-to use the term loosely
was taking shape high above
the seat. In the ferment. OF
Prime Minister Castro's revo-
lutionary Cuba, refugees sought
any means Of escape. Last year
some Of them made a getaway
in hijacked airliner that was
flown to this country.
Then last May / an Ameri-
can Of Puerto Rican birth, An
tulio Ramirez Ortiz, "a, reversed
the pattern. He took command
of a twin-engined National Air
lines plane with three crewmen
and six passengers and forced
the pilot to fly to Havana. The
aircraft was seized on a flight
from Miami to Key West.
WELDING a revolver and knife
Ortiz babbled a tale Of having
been hired to assasSinate Pre-
miere Castro but Of having de-
cided, instead, to inform the
bearded dictator of the plot and
join forces with him.
Oddly enough, Ortiz booked
passage on the airliner at Miam!
as "Mr. Cofresi, ell Pirata"-
Spanish for the pirate Confresi
a famous sea marauder Of the
old Spanish Main.
Once in Havana, Ortiz dis
appeared and has not beer
heard from since. The plane
was allowed to return to Miami
with passengers and crew.
A second hijacking occurred
July "a when an Eastern Air
lines Electra was seized on q
Miami Tampa flight by VII
fredo Roman Oquendo, SO q
former Cuban secret policeman
and a Castro supporter.
Evening star., 1961-08-06
Ancient Piracy Scourge Takes to Air;
Calls for New Countermeosures

He forced the pilot to fly to
Havana, where the $3.5 million
jet prop Airliner still is held by
the Castro government. Thirty
two passengers and the five
crew members were allowed to
return to the United States.
Legislation Studied
This second hijacking led the
Federal Aviation Agency in
Washington to consider tight
ening the laws against aerial
hijacking. The best the Federal
Government could devise in the
cases of Ortiz and Oquendo
was indictments for assault
with a deadly weapon, kidnap-
ing and theft of an Aircraft.
Any substantial punishment
seemed unlikely under these
charges even if the United
States could get its hands on
the pair.
Before the FAA could take
any concrete steps, however, a
new hijacking occurred, this
time aboard q IS million Con-
tinental Air Lines TOT Jet air
liner. It was bound from Los
Angeles to Houston Thursday
with 73 persons aboard.
A convicted robber, Leon
Bearden, SO, and his SOP, Cody,
16, of Coolidge, Ariz., took over
the pilots cabin at gunpoint
20 minutes before q scheduled
landing at El Paso, Tex.
When the plane landed, the
father-son team detained six
crewmen and four passengers
as hostages in q demand that
the airNner be flown to Cuba.
The FBI later said the father
recently had been in Mexico
City, where he contacted the
Cuban Embassy and expressed
a desire to go to Havana.
The plane was encircled on
the ground by armed officials,
who shot out its tires when IL
attempted a takeoff. It took
nine hours before the Beardens
were overpowered, after Presi-
dent Kennedy had issued Or
derS that the hijackerS not be
allowed to have their way.
Castro Suspected
The latest hijacking, coming
SO swiftly on the heels Of the
other two, stirred a furore in
Congress. Most Of the rancor
was directed against Premier
Castro, whom some Congress
men assumed, was behind the
hijackingS.
The FAA, however, was in
clined to look at the Ell Paso
hijacking as a personal in
cident, unrelated to the Cuban
Premier.
At any rate, the FAA auth
orized commercial airline crews
to carry guns as defense against
future hiackerS. President
Kennedy approved the action,
Pilots, however, reacted with
out enthusiasm to the proposal
It was pointed out that firing
a gun in a preSSurized airliner
in flight might prove more of
a hazard than the actions of
the hijackers.
The airlines also were cool
Evening star., 1961-08-06

NE; Second and T streets
NE; Thirty-fou and Volta
place NV; Georgia avenue
and Euclid street NV; Hams
Evening star., 1961-08-06

Point off Fourteenth street
NV; Sixteenth and AnacoStia
River Sc, and. Twenty-fifth
and N streets NV.
Evening star., 1961-08-06

NEW YORK, Aug. LAP).-Piracy is Of the worlds
Oldest curses dating into the shade of history when first
veed upon the sea- Now is enjoying strange revival
bthe modern corsar the srways well the
ocean paths
THE symbols vanished longer waves the Jolly
Evening star., 1961-07-16

1870 q IT COULD BE YOU.
Audience participation. Color.
g MR.. DISTRICT ATTORNEY.
Crime. David Brian stars.
a NUMBER, PLEASE.
Audience participation. Bud coIIyer, me-,
q SEARCH FOR TOMORROW.
Serial.
l2:45 q GUIDING LIGHT.
Serial.
1855 q NEWS DAY REPORT.
Ray Scherer reporting.
100 q DR.. HUDS0NS JOURNAL.
Drama. John Howard stars
@ THE BIG MOVIE.
l Hour, IS Min. "Aggie AppIeby," 1888.
woman fights for love on the lower
East Side of New York. William Gargan,
Charles Farrell.
q PEOPLES CHOICE.
Comedy. Jackie Cooper
q THEATER OF STARS.
Drama. while We're Young" A widow
believes that her daughter is too young
The Adak sun., 1961-01-30

NOTICE TO ALL FRA NEMBERS------------- 77@~--There will be Turkey Dinner at the FRA Home, Sa aturday 4 February,
 at 1900 till? Nominal cost of $l. % per person, 50 cents per children. At 2OOo BINGO wi II commence, Jackpot is SlO6 and after BINGO Dancing to the
 music of the Peter Wolff Quartet.-
Evening star., 1961-10-31
Jewish Council
Elects R. K. Lyon,
D. c. Lawyer

Richard K. Lyon, former
chairman Of the District Com
missioners' Youth Council, has
been elected president Of the
Jewish Community Council of
Greater Washington. He sue
ceeds the late Joel D. Wolf
sohn.
Mr.. Lyon, a native of WASH
ington, was graduated from
Dartmouth and Georgetown
University Law School. A men,
Der Of the newly formed law
firm Of Cantor and Lyon, he
has served as program chair
man and first vice president of
the District Bar Association,
He has been general counsel of
the Washington Better Busi-
ness Bureau since 1854.
The Jewish Community
Council is a voluntary associa-
ton of lit Jewish organiza-
tions in the area. Other new
officers are Harry N. Rosen-
field, first vice president.
Louis C. Grossherg, second vice
president, and Samuel Lebo.
witz. third vice president.
Evening star., 1961-10-31
Eventual Cabinet Place
Seen for Urban Affairs

A new cabinet post for urban
affairs "is so clearly a matter
of administrative good sense
that I feel sure its approval by
Congress is only a matter OF
time" according to Robert C
Weaver, Housing and Home Fl
nance Agency administrator.
He told the annual confer
ence of the National Associa-
tion of Housing and Redevelop-
ment Officials at the Sheraton
Park yesterday that "the pro-
posal for the new cabinet de-
partment progressed further
this year than it ever has be-
fore"
Notes Rehabilitation Focus
Although the cabinet posi-
ton urged by President Ken
nedy and strongly supported By
urban planners and housing
officials has not yet been au'
thorized, this is not "a terrible
tragedy" Mr.. Weaver said.
In his talk, Mr.. Weaver notec
that more attention is beins
given to rehabilitation of ex.
isting housing.
II the needs of housing are
to be met-by the end of the
present decade a rate of con-
struction of 2 million homes 9
year for new family units will
Evening star., 1961-10-31

be needed - planners cannot
"reckleSsly demolish housing
that can be rehabilitated," Mr..
Weaver said.
Architecture Stressed
Today. the conference was
told that more attention must
be paid in the future to good
design in urban renewal and
public housing.
Announcing a new concept
and approach" Marie c. Nc
Guire, new public housing COM
missioner. said her goal would
be to attract the country's
finest architects to the public
housing field"
Mrs. MCGUIRE defended the
much-criticized half million
units of public housing built
around the country so far. but
conceded that some have not
always reflected the best de-
sign and planning"
Elected new president of the
organization for a two-year
term today was Albert j. Har-
mon, executive director Of the
Kansas City (Mo0 Housing
and Land Clearance for Rede-
velopment Authority. He sue
ceeded Karl L. Falk Of Fresno.
Calf.
Evening star., 1961-10-31
NEWS OF MUSIC
Berlin Philharmonic
Rich Again in Strings

mately brought down the house
The Berlin Philharmonic re-
turns to Washington for a Sec
ond concert on November l9
This one will be under the di-
rection of Karl Boehm and Il
will be interesting indeed to
compare it to last nights fine
display.