davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-22
NUTRITION MEETINGS

Some interest in starting nutri-
ton classes has been indicated. If
anyone is interested in attending
such a class, please call me, Janet
Redgren, at the Richland County
Extension Office. If there is Suf-
ficient interest, the classes can be
started in the near future.
The Sidney herald., 1961-02-22
LESS INAUGURAL EXPENSE

Representative Gross R., Iowa.
suggested that there should be
less hoopla and expense for Pres
idential inaugurations.
Gross, in a report to his district,
said the gala staged in an effort
to raise money for the Democrats
was scarcely designed to add to
the seriousness and freedom that
ought TO attend the inaugural of a
President"
1t is doubted that the costs of
the inaugural will ever be known
because so many Government
agencies were called on to provide
services.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Talking and TESTING

Inere is little reason TO expect that
the Kremlin will respond affirmatively
to the Anglo-American notes calling
for a prompt resumption of negotiations
for treaty establishing an adequately
policed ban on nuclear tests The notes
are in keeping with resolution adopted
by an overwhelming majority of the
United Nations General Assembly, but
it is a resolution that has been vigor-
ouSly opposed by the Soviet bloc, with
one OF the Russian delegates fatty
declaring that his country will never"
take part in such negotiations.
This is another way Of saying that
Premier Nikita Khrushchevs govern
ment, which has just carried out an
extraordinarily numerous and ominous
series OF atmospheric tests in the very
nigh megaton range, has no present
desire to bring nuclear experimentation
under effective international control.
In the circumstances, the notes ad-
dressed to Moscow by London and
washington may be regarded as a kind
OF academic exercise in propaganda
calculated to emphasize to the world at
large that the West is prepared to do
the right thing but that Red Russia,
IN defiance of the U. NJ majority, is not.
IL is conceivable, of course, though
hlghly improbable, that the Kremlin.
Wnlcn is always zigging and tagging in
way that tends to befuddle the Western
mind, may agree to return to Geneva
Tor renewal of the test-ban talks-talRs
tnat came to sudden end in September
When the Soviet Union wrecked the
testing moratorium (unpoliced and
therefore risky for uS) that had been in
erect ever since October, 1858. However.
IN the unlikely event that the Russians
Will reply favorably to the British and
american notes, our country will not
again make the foolish and potentially
mortal mistake of suspending all ex-
Fermentation as the talks go on under
conditions making it easy for the Soviets
to cheat.
Thus, as the State Department has
made clear, the United States. even If
the kremlin agrees to a resumption of
talks, will pursue its own program of
carefully circumScribed testing" In
otner words, our country will carry out
Whatever experimentation it NAV deem
necesSary-under the ground, in the
atmosphere or in outer space-to protect
ltS vital security interests. Certainly it
should do so without stint or further
delay, even as it strives to work out a
genuinely trustworthy test-ban agree
ment.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Ambassador BiddIe

Anthony ]. Drexel Biddle, jr., will
be well and long remembered not only
in Washington, but in many capitals
abroad. His death at GA, though not
unexpected, still comes as something of
a shock. For until recent weeks, as our
Ambassador to Spain, he was his usual
self. That is to say, he was a man of
great charm and energy, admired far
and wide-not least of all among the
numerous newspapermen who received
good guidance from him during the
Second World War for both his
graciousnesS and his knowledgeableness
President Kennedy has paid fitting
tribute in declaring that Mr. Biddle's
passing constitutes "a tragic loss to the
Nation which he served with answering
loyalty and distinction throughout his
life. AS soldier and diplomat in two
wars and in other times of crisis he won
the affection and admiration of the
international community of free men.
:. . The country will remember with
pride his service to it." That pretty we'll
sums him up. He was fine American,
and we are all the poorer now that he
is gone.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
One-Woy Cooperation

Latest evidence of our willingness
10 snare with the world-including that
part oeh1nd the Iron Curtain-our sci
entl1lc developments contributing to the
welfare OF mankind was our decision to
invite Soviet scientists to attend this
weeks conference here on weather sat-
ellltes This is field Of rocketry in
which we have made far greater prog
reSS than the Russians. Although the
Russians did not send any delegates it
is not surprising that they have asked
Tor full report on the proceedings.
The United States-sponsored confer
ence, known as the International
Meteorological Satellite Workshop. is
being attended by meteorologistS from
more than score of nations. They
are being told about the findings of
three American TiroS satellites, which
the Russians have called spies in the
sky but which in reality have provided
valuable information on cloud forma-
tionS and incipient storm activities in
widely scattered parts of the earth.
The pictures and other data have been
especially helpful in spotting and track
ing hurricanes in recent weeks.
Four more Tiros vehicles are ex-
pected to be launched in the near fu-
ture, followed by the more sophisticated
NimbuS satellites, now under develop
ment. In contrast, the Russians have
not yet sent aloft their first weather
observatory, although last spring they
announced plans for orbiting one this
year. Meanwhile, we have been making
available to the Soviet Union and all
other nations the remarkably detailed
photographs Of storm centers and clouds
sent to earth by our Tiros space stations.
1t would be naive, of course, to sup
pose that the Russians requested a re-
port on the conference solely because
OF their interest in meteorology. They
undoubtedly are not overlooking the
fact that the conference will give them
some authentic, firsthand details of an
orbiting device that can photograph not
only clouds but some of the land be-
meath. For it is no secret that a weather
spy in the sky" has military possibil-
tiles, too.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Crockdown on Waste

President Kennedy has moved to
close a well-known gap in the Govern
ment's economy program-the needless
overlapping and duplication of certain
Federal activities in the field. While good
progress has been and is being made in
eliminating waste in the Federal estab-
liShment in Washington, little has been
done toward this end in the multifarious
field offices scattered throughout the
Nation. The Presidents determination
to crack the whip over tagging admins
I traitors outside of the Capital is there
fore most welcome to advocates of
governmental economy. +...
Two Hoover commissions and the
Controller General have stressed espe-
cially the urgency of co-ordinating or
actually consolidating purchase and
supply operations at all levels Much has
been accomplished in this area in the
departments and agencies here-the
latest orders of. this nature having been
issued by the Department Of Defense.
It has been estimated that savings in
common buying and distribution of some
standardized materials and equipment.
However, under the decentralization
policies of some departments and
lagencieS, field activities have been
Iallowed to proceed almost Independently.
1T Is with view to extending the CO.
ordination and consolidation program
into the field offices that the President
has issued his strong economy memo
randum, amounting virtually to an edict.
Mincing no words, Mr.. Kennedy
said: IT want coordination of Govern
ment activities outside of Washington
strengthened" Among the field opera
tions which, he pointed out, tend to
converge" and which offer promise of
savings through merged functions are
management and budgetary procedures,
personnel policies, recruitment efforts,
office space uses, procurement activities,
public information duties and similar
matters" He suggested that many of
these functions can be pooled, with
substantial economies for all concerned.
To direct and supervise the field
consolidation, the President directed
Civil Service Chairman John w. Macy,
jr, to establish board of Federal
executives in each of the civil service
regions. 1t will be the responsibility of
these boards to see to it that the presi-
Dental economy program is carried out
zealously. While the President did not
give an estimate of the savings which
might result from greater efficiency in
the field, the possibilities are great, in
view of the fact that go per cent of all
Federal employees are in branch offices
in the cities and towns from coast to
coast.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Neglected Study

The Federal City Council
plan, H. r. 6312, for urban
renewal is strongly supported
by the Board of Commission
ers. and certain powerful in
terests. The contribution
which wise use of the taxing
powers. such as tax exemp-
ton, tax abatement. and site
valuation could make to the
city'S urban renewal of Slum
areas is totally ignored.
Other United States cities,
and many cities and nations
abroad, use the taxing pow
ers to discourage slum lords
and to encourage better use
of land. Why not D. c.?
Members Of Congress are
interested in this subject.
Bills were recently introduced
in the House to provide tax
relief for rehabilitation of
residential property, and
other property as well. The
Finance Office of the D. C.
Department of General Ad-
ministration published dec.
1860, a seven-page study
of the subject of tax abate-
ment and tax exemption and
pointed out that "other cities
faced with problems of urban
renewal of slum areas have
in some instances worked out
variations of the tax abate-
ment and tax exemption
schemes" This study has
never been made generally
available.
When the delegate from
the Lanier Place Improve
ment Association brought the
subject up at a recent meet
ing of the Adams Morgan
Community Council the re-
action was one of shocked
surprise. 1t was clear that
the officers of the Adams
Morgan Community Council
had never heard of the study.
During the two years in
which I was a delegate on
the Adams-Morgan Planning
Committee from the Wyom-
ing Avenue Citizens Associa-
ton the subject of the taxing
power to speed rehabilitation
in the Adams Morgan Prof.
ect was never mentioned by
officials of the Redevelop-
ment Land Agency, the Ma
tional Capital Planning Com
mission, or the District of
Columbia Government who
spoke to us.
This whole subject is one
which is of the greatest i'm
portance In the rehabilita-
ton Of residential and busi-
ness property.
william Webster.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Dreadful Disease

With regard to the tragic
plane crash which took the
lives of n young "draftees,"
I would like to know why
there were no military planes
available to transport them?
are Government planes avail
able exclusively to congress-
men, their families and
staffs, for "junkets" around
the world and to and from
their home States? Is this
why we must take the "low
bidder" such as I'm perial
Airways, the owners of only
three old planes, to transport
inductees? The person or
persons who awarded this
contract to Imperial, I think,
should be removed from their
job, but Of course, he or they
are probably under political
pressure" a dreadful disease,
which the entire country ap-
pears to be sick with today.
Elizabeth b. Leahy.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
We Have Smog, Too

Some recent air samples revealing
serious smog contamination in the
Washington Metropolitan Area are
believed to have resulted from special
atmospheric conditions not likely to
occur very often here. However, over
all samplings since establishment of the
smog-checking system some weeks ago
tend to justify the studies sponsored by
the Health and Welfare Committee of
the Washington Metropolitan Regional
Conference.
Although early findings of seven
air-sampling stations set up in the area
with the aid of public health agencies
we're not alarming, tests made during
the latter part of September and the
early part of october showed rise in
contamination to levels which, If they
persisted, could be dangerous. For ex-
ample, smog reading of 81 was
recorded for the District on October 10,
whereas the California pure-air stand
ard is only 16. The reading the next
day at Arlington Hospital was 19 and
at Fairfax City was 20. Unusually high
readings were also obtained during the
same period at various points in the
Maryland suburbs.
In explanation of these high air
pollution findings, officials point out
that there prevailed over the Washing
ton area an atmospheric inversion"
which resulted in Stagnation of air,
serving to trap smoke and other fumes
that otherwise would have left the area.
Because of such varying atmospheric
conditions, the council intends to con-
tinue the sampling over period of
months before attempting to reach any
conclusions on which to base anti-smog
recommendations for the area. Mean
while, several of the local Jurisdictions
voluntarily have ordered anti-fume
devices of the bypass type installed on
governmental vehicles. And the time
: may come when such devices will be
Evening star., 1961-11-15
The Big Truth

ACCORDING 10 the Russian
leaders, they resumed atmo-
spheric nuclear tests as a
defense measure made neces-
Sary by our own nuclear pow
er development. On the other
hand, they charge that our
desire for inspection or polio
ing of any agreement to de-
sist from nuclear testing is
due to our present relative
weakness.
The Big Lie technique can
readily ignore the contradic-
tion: We constitute a danger
and a threat, but at the
same time we are weak and
know it!
When we were not testing,
the USSR found it necessary
to go into action. Should we
now resume tests, they will
continue with this now as
their reason. In short, when
we don't test. they do; should
We resume, they will continue
and the fault will be ours.
If all of this sounds fan
tastic, they are Mr.. Khru-
shchev's proposals and argu-
ments. Yet how many peo-
pie in this country and
abroad recognize the patent
meaningless and inSincerity?
When will we begin to ex-
plain the truth effectively (by
repetition), and as effectively
and repeatedly ridicule false
hood? Let us pattern after
the Big Lie the technique Of
the Big Truth.
Gentlemen of the USIA,
the VOA, the State Depart
ment and its representatives
at the U. N. and elsewhere:
Who are the "warmongers,"
the "imperialists"? Who the
peace lovers? Let us have
the Big Truth.
The Big Truth needs to be
pointed out and repeated over
and over again on various is
sues. Others create false
images by repetition of false
hoods. Let us spread a knowl-
edge of what is true by re-
petition of the truth.
LLOYD Buchanan.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Readers WhirI on Inner Loop

among the last to grasp the
implications of the automo-
bile, urban growth, and sub
urbanization. Instead Of
planning for the city of the
future, they seem determined
to stave off progress by en-
balming the old-fashioned
downtown. They are victims
Of cultural lag, at our ex-
pense. Downtown as it ex-
listed before World War II is
archaic and doomed. Let's cut
out the dollar transfusions
on highway arteries and de-
vote our energies to a ra-
tional system of urban circu-
lation: Mass transit on rails.
Charles T. Stewart, Jr.
Approval of the Inner Loop
by the National Capital Plan
ming Commission changes
nothing. Having got their
teeth into the carcass, the
vehicular trafficmakers are
not to be whipped off by a
sermon. In this case the
sermon never rose above the
dizzy pitch Of a polite whis-
per. But the mouselike
squeak from the NCPC actu-
ally triggered an "all or
nothing" frenzy among the
highway promoters of great
significance to the people of
the District.
1t is now perfectly clear
that the Inner Loop is only
one part Of a carefully inte-
grated highway sch heme e
whose entire justication rests
upon sociological decisions
made by highway planners
long before Congress passed
the 1860 National Capital
Transportation Act. These
decisions were not made as a
result of any earnest debate
in an open democratic forum.
The decisions were made be-
fore the engineering studies
began. In no sense does the
quarrel concern engineering
facts" The quarrel con-
Germs the act of faith made
by highway planners in a
tin god of their own choos-
ing.
For years the trafficmak-
ers have hitched their inso-
lent but profitable chariots
to suburban sprawl because
suburban sprawl was the sur
est way of making the auto
a necessity for all. Public
apathy and the cowardice of
m unicipal officials have
served the despoilers well. It
is always easy to spot the
charlatans. They smile
constantly while promising
that the people can have
their cake and eat it too.
For years the vehicular
trafficmakers have consist
emily pushed a well-integrat-
ed program conceived with
imagination and executed
with skill. Its first phase
involved the methodical
wrecking of streetcar sys-
TENS in our cities. Now the
war for profit pivots on ur-
ban freeway construction.
Mark A. Lillis.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
WATCHING THE World
u. N. Force No Solution in Como
BY CROSBY S. MOVES
Foreign Correspondent Of The stsr

ment but also by the interna-
tional force of the u. N.
The reality is that the de-
mand for military action
and the support Of this de-
mand by some officials Of the
q. Mas very little to do
with the conditions within
Katanga. 1t has to do rather,
with the unholy Inuddle that
exists In the rest Of the
Congo. which is once again
threatening to get completely
out of hand, and the feeling
of some q. N. officials that
unless the problem Of Ka-
tanga is quickly settled their
mission of bringing order out
of anarchy is doomed to
failure.
Communist Factor
In fact, there Is some logic
to this argument. One of the
few real accomplishments Of
the U. N. in the Congo so
far has been the integration
of the Congo's eastern prov
ince under the control Of
Communist trained Antoine
Gizenga into the central gov
ernment Of Premier Cyrille
Adoula. In theory, at least,
this removed another major
danger threatening the coun-
try, since Mr.. Gizenga, with
full Communist backing,
claimed to be the rightful
head Of the government as
the political heir of Patrice
Lumumba.
His cooperation, however,
was both precarious and
highly conditional. And one
of the first conditions clearly
laid down at the time was
the quick liquidation" of
Katanga Province and its re-
integration under the central
government.
This, in the view Of the
U. N. leadership, was justi-
fication enough for the first
unsuccessful attempt to take
over Katanga by force. The
danger, as these officials saw
it, was that Mr.. Gizenga, If
he did not get his way, would
return to his rebellious prov
ince and with Communist
supplied weapons launch his
own attack on Katanga. The
danger has taken on a new
urgency today in view Of Mr..
Gizenga's return to his capi-
tai at Stanleyville and his
silence about his future plans.
The logical answer, how
ever, hardly seems to be an
other resort to military ac-
ton by the U. N. A more
reasonable course, supported
by moderate politicians with
in the central government
itself, is to remove the threat
Of force and make a new and
serious attempt at negotia-
ton.
President Tshombe, him
self. has said repeatedly that
he believes the problem could
be rapidly settled in this way.
And a number of experts
with knowledge of African
affairs are inclined to agree
with him.
Evening star., 1961-11-15
Spies at the u. NJ.

Recently, Ralph McGill
wrote a series of articles on
the United Nations. In one
of the articles, he elaborated
at great length about the
monetary benefits our coun-
try derives from the presence
on American soil of the
United Nations.
However, those who are in
a position to speak author
itatively on the subject, tell
us that IS per cent of the
delegates from Communist
countries to the United Ma
tions are espionage agents.
Can mere money compen-
safe us for the destructive
effects of these agents of the
Kremlin, whose goal is to de.
prive us Of our freedom?
NJ. w. A,
Evening star., 1961-11-15

1t is difficult for me to un-
derstand how America can
consider supporting Presi-
dent Nkrumah's shaky posi-
tion in Ghana by the ex-
penditure of hundreds of mil
lions Of dollars on that dam
project. This man is prov
ing himself to be an avowed
enemy of freedom and a sup
porter of Soviet communism.
There are many deserving
nations who are willing to
stand up with us and be
counted in their opposition
to Communism. Let us spend
our money where it will help
us not where it will hurt the
cause of freedom.
r Cnananr
Evening star., 1961-11-15

The inner loop may not
be a bad thing. Whether its
alleged benefits are worth
the costs is another matter
The arguments made in its
justification are bad enough
to discredit the whole idea.
First, take the bottleneck
argument. The view that
bottlenecks are made to be
broken is unduly aggressive,
even Freudian. Bottlenecks
guide and control. The as
sumption that congestion can
only be caused by insufficient
highway capacity is nonsense.
1t clearly results from too
many cars. Experience, if not
reason, tells us that traffic
bottlenecks are not broken by
Turing more cars into the
streets. An Inner Loop will
become predictably a gigantic
bottleneck of its own. What
then?
Second, consider the de-
ceptive statistics that half
the cars on downtown streets
are just passing through. It
may be valid for off
peak hours, when there is no
problem anyway. But very
little of the downtown peak
hour traffic consists of trav-
elers from New York to Mi
ami, or even Anacostia to
Georgetown. These few could
be diverted via an inner loop,
but assertions that they
would are hypothetical and
unwarranted.
Third, our experts show
great dexterity and imagina-
ton in estimating highway
benefits, but are real dunder-
heads in estimating costs.
Not construction, land acqui-
sition, and tax loss costs;
these are peanuts compared
to total measurable costs.
Almost everything costs more
in the sprawling suburbs, and
part of this added cost is
attributable to our zeal in
constructing access roads and
expressways. Vast sums have
been spent on building
schools, water mains, utili-
ties unnecessary but for sub
urban sprawl.
Fourth, what's sacred lex
cept the semantics) in a bal
anced" system which happens
to be the .midpoint between
good and bad extremes? The
Washington traffic system is
very unbalanced, and getting
more so. The Inner Loop
will accentuate the imbal-
ance. in the wrong direction.
Fifth, what is the role of
the expert? Laski said the
last word on this: THE ex-
pert should always be on tap,
never on top" What kind of
expert should we hear? We
do not ask the advice of a
cannibal on dietary habits.
Then why should we listen
to highway planners on
traffic problems, or traffic
engineers on urban prob
lems2 They are only special
interest groups with a meg
aphone. Our problem is not
building highways, but living
in cities.
Highway planners seem
Evening star., 1961-11-15
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
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ters are subject to condensa-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
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panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.