davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Much Yet to Be Done

President Kennedys recent ad-
dresses on the urgent need for "new
look" in our international trade poll
cies presented a broad and forceful
argument for the administrations con-
viction that it must be armed with
greater riff-bargaining authority in
order to meet the economic challenges
OF the very near future. To the au-
d1enceS choSen-the National ASSocia-
tion OF Manufacturers and the AFL-
C1O-Mr. Kennedy was able, in effect,
to divide his fire, concentrating in one
instance on the rewards which busi-
ness and industry may realize from
expanded world commerce and in the
other instance on the promise of
greater, not less, employment if our
export trade can be kept high.
At the same time, the President
made clear his awareness that there
are strong voices of dissent and of
doubt in each of these camps. These
are, for the most part, the industries
or the labor unions that would be
most vulnerable to increased competi-
tion from foreign goods in our domes-
tic market, from the imports which
must be allowed entry if we are to
have meaningful chance to step up
our own sales abroad. 1t is unlikely
that basic appeal on behalf of the
overall national welfare" is enough
to allay the apprehensions of those
who view tariff reduction as a poten-
tial death sentence. To them, Mr. Ken
nedy thus far has addressed words of
reinsurance but not yet the specifics
of how they are to be protected from
serious damage as a result of new
tariff negotiations.
He has, however, promised to spell
out program of safeguards when the
Congress returns next month. In his
address to the labor convention, for
example, he noted that not only some
businesses and some workers but even
whole communities may be unable to
withstand increased import competition,
and he promised program for "ad-
justment assistance" to see that they
are not made victims for the national
welfare"
1t is already obvious that the trade
policy issue will be major one, per-
hapS the major one, of the next con-
gressional session. AS it happens, the
administration has allies as we'll as
opponents in both industry and labor.
A recent Business Week Magazine sur
= vey, for example, showed that more
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Red China Still Out

The General Assembly of the United
Nations once again has wisely refused
10 seat Communist China as a member.
Indeed, 1t has done so, somewhat un-
expectedly, with an even more emphatic
vote than the one it cast last year on
the same perennial issue.
Thus, this latest vote-48 to SO
with 20 abstentions) against the
Soviet-sponsored resolution calling for
Pe1plng'S admission and the expulsion
OF the FormoSa- based Chinese National
lst government of Chang Kai-shek-
makes clear that majority of the u N.
still stands firm against opening the
door to the Mao Tze-tung regime. And
what Is especially significant is the fact
that the Assembly, in a prior count of
heads. has decided that the issue in
volved here is an important" and
substantive" one that \can be settled
IN favor Of Red China only If two-thirds
OF the membership so decide.
Accordingly, although l. is conceiv-
able that a simple majority may favor
Peipings admission next year or the
year after, the Assembly's decision that
0AAS AuCoVAoIl AC4ulIcS d LWO-CulTQS vote
constitutes a ruling that would seem
to insure the exclusion of the Chinese
Communists for rather long time to
come. This is as it should be, of course.
After all, Mao and his regime have
shown repeatedly that they are any,
thing but "peaceloving' is
supposed to be key requirement for
membership in the U. N-and they are
otherwise ineligible because Of such
crimes as their aggression in Korea,
their murder of Tibet and their persist
ent threat to use force against Formosa.
So the U. N. General Assembly has
done very good days work in re-
affirming its opposition to letting this
bellicose tyranny become member of
the club. Let's hope that the same deci-
sion will be made year after year, and
far into the future, unless and until
the Chinese Red Dragon, to mix a
metaphor, decides to change its stripes.
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Political Judqes

The political analysts are
seeking a reason for the tre-
mendouS upSurge of conserv-
atism which is being mani
tested throughout the coun-
try.
Well, one reason for 1t is
that millions of people. ire
spective of party lines, are
fed up with seeing the law
enforcement agencies of the
country debauched to the
point where such agencies ap-
pear to be much more con-
cerned with the welfare of the
criminal element than they
are with the reasonable pro-
lection of the well-behaved
portion of the population.
This is all too frequently
caused by the tendency of
men elected to high office to
pay off political debts by the
appointment of judges and
prosecuting attorneys who, in
turn owe political debts to.
down-the-line party leaders.
This leads to the too-free
granting to criminals of par
dons and combinations of
sentences.
1t is refreshing to note that
Senator Byrd of Virginia will
oppose the appointment to a
Federal judgeShip of a COVER
-.or whose granting of a par
don provoked a judge in Vir-
ginia to say that he would
not try any more criminal
cases until that governors
term expired.
Frank G. Campbell.
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Irony in Bronze

Our Interior Secretary, who
takes such a great interest in
the monuments of our city,
should be distressed by the
sight of the statues disgrace
ing the vicinity of the White
House. AS we now righteous
ly condemn the white mer-
cenaries in Katanga it is in
conceivable to glorify their
18th century counterparts in
the persons of Rochambeau,
Lafayette. Kosciuszko and
Won Steuben. They must be
deported!
Andre Stenbock -FermOr.
=
David Lawrence raises the
interesting question of
whether the American Revo-
luton would have succeeded
if there had been a U. N.
I'd like to add another: Were
La Fayette, Kosciusko, and
Won Steuben foreign mer-
cenarieS"?
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Sold on MonoroiI

In the many proposed solu-
tions to the local transporta-
tion problem there is a puz-
zling lack of interest in a mo-
norail rapid transit system
for the Washington Metro
politan area.
The monorail is vastly Su-
perior in all respects to any
other transportation system.
1t is senseleSS to pour vast
sums into subways, freeways,
bridges. ETC., when there is
such a simple. dependable
and low-cost solution. Mono
rails are fast, clean. efficient,
quiet, and are perhaps the
safest and least accident
prone form of transportation
in existence. They L. n~t de-
face the landscape, pO.. :
the atmosphere. tie up valN 20
able property and may be
constructed and maintained
easily and at a small fraction
of the cost of any other sys-
tenn. They are not vulnerable
to traffic Jams, floods, snow
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Interprets Benson

Former Secretary of Agri-
culture Benson, in his De-
cember IL speech to a PROF
ect Alert" group in Los An
geles, stated the Kennedy ad-
ministration is soft on COM
munism. He referred to the
Jenner committee report of
1853 concerning communism
in the United States Govern
ment. But he simply pointed
out the failure Of the Eisen-
hover administration to take
action after the release of
the Jenner report. In an at
tempt to show a weakness
of the present administra-
ton, he only showed a weak
ness that existed during the
Eisenhower years.
James e. ROwen.
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Answers GoIdwoter

Senator Goldwater put his
foot in his mouth when he
called Army reservists "a
bitching bunch of free
leaders" 1t may cost him
votes, if and when he be-
comes a presidential candi-
date.
Army reServiStS are far
from being freeloaders. Prob
ably. SO per cent of them
join the reserve for purely
patriotic motives. They give
far more than they receive
in the way of drill pay, as
every reservist we'll knows.
Many Army reservists who
received no inactive duty
drill pay were called up dur
ing the Korean War. They
complained then, too, at be-
ing recalled to active duty,
while so many other young
men had not served at all.
General Goldwater should
know from experience that
soldiers have always griped.
When they stop gripping, it
is time to look for trouble.
There are, of course, two
sides to the matter. When
the Government needs train
ed soldiers in an emergency,
there is no time to train
draftees. Where else, than to
the reserve, can the Govern
ment look for trained men,
many of whom have been
battle tested? Is it not the
duty of the reservist to an
swer the call when the Ma
ton Is in danger?
But to the reservist who
has served in one war, and
is ready and willing to serve
in another, it may seem a
little unfair to be called away
from family, home and job
when there is no shooting
war, and. again, while so
many other young men have
not served at all.
Let them grippe! 1t Is a
safety valve. They are letting
off steam. But don't insult
them, or sell them short.
They are the boys who will be
fighting and dying when the
shooting does start. They will
measure up to their ancestors
of previous wars.
Senator Goldwater Is a
man whom I admire greatly.
Therefore. his intemperate
remarks panied me. Let us
hope that he was misquoted,
or that he will apologize to
the Army reservists.
Lloyd E. Kelly.
Evening star., 1961-12-17

than Is per cent Of sampling of
business executives favored the Ken
nedy freer-trade position and that less
than rs per cent are in outright oppo-
sition. but that SO per cent still are
undecided The AFL-CIO vote indors-
ing Mr.. Kennedy's position reflected
the division in labor ranks. Winning
enough industry and labor support to
become decisive on Capitol Hill may
well depend upon the nature and prob
able effectiveness of the administra-
tion's proposed program of safeguards.
Evening star., 1961-12-17

now being loaded with Arm
strong guns, some 10000 En-
field rifles, ammunition and
other stores. It is not i'm
possible that this vessel will
be escorted by one or two
ships of war. The rifles are
intended for the Canadian
military and strong REIN
forcements of field artillery
will be dispatched forth
with. -" The London Times
was quoted as saying: THE
position of the Federal States
of America is almost identi-
cal in every commercial point
of view with that which was
occupied towards us by Rus
sia before the Crimean War.
Russia had a hostile tariff
while we looked to her for
a large portion of our gen.
eral supply of breadstuffs,
but there is this popularity
in our present case, that the
commencement would be by
breaking up the blockade of
the Southern ports, at once
set free our industry from
the anxiety of a cotton
famine, and sending prosper
ity to Lancashire British
textile center) through the
winter. At the same time
shall we open our trade to. -.
the Confederate States who
desire nothing better than to
be our customers? :" On
December 18, 1861, The Star
reported the arrival Of an
other transatlantic vessel at
Baltimore, bringing word that
"warlike conditions continue
in England. Considerable
numbers of troops are under
orders for Canada. Sea-
men on leave were ordered to
rejoin their ships. :" Lin
coins worry over the Trent
affair was not shared alto
gether by the public. The
skipper of the San Jacinto-
Capt. Charles Wilkes - was
treated as a hero by many.
The Star reported on Dec.
16. 1861, that Capt. Wilkes
was "serenaded" at his home
at the corner of Eleventh and
H streets NV.
Evening star., 1961-12-17

goes before it - listen -
Let all the peoples acknowl-
edge Him, let them come
and learn His ways. walk
in His paths, keep HIS laws
and follow His light" And
then follows the glad
prophecy Of implements of
war being turned into instru-
ments for agriculture. There.
as always, peace" is the
fruit and harvest of right
eouSness!
Christmas is heralded as
the Festival of Peace" 1t
ought to be announced as
the Festival of Righteous
ness" That would shame not
only the atrocities of Russia
and China, but also the bla-
tant materialism of America.
At the birthday of the One
from Whose coming the CEN
turies are reckoned, it is a
time to say that to the mind
of Jesus the quest of right
eouSneSs was central and vi
tai. Righteousness was one of
the key words of His minis
try. He called His followers
to seek first not peace"
but righteousness!
He promised fulfillment to
those who hunger and thirst,
not for peace" but for right
eousness. He declared tn a t
the Kingdom of Heaven be-
longs to those who are per-
secuted, not for their pacifist
convictions. but for right
eousness. That means that
Christmas is not a time to
simply say let us pray for
peace" but let us pray for
righteousness.
Before the angels sang
Peace on Earth" there was
another note which is often
the lost chord as moderns set
Christmas to music and that
was GLORY to God in the
Highest" That must always
be the sequence - peace"
which follows righteousness!
DR.. Henry van Dyke wrote
lines which are the most ap-
propriate I know for this
fear-haunted Christmas of
1861, With soul that was
tired, and with pride wound
ed deep, as he had grown
bitter in the weary strife, he
declares that to Heaven he
cried for peace" And here is
his verse so fit for this
Christmas:
God grant me peace or I
must die,
The dumb stars olittered no
reply.
Broken at last / boUed my
head
Forgetting all myself and
said
Whatever comes, His UiH be
done!
And in that moment peace
WdS tDon!
Gods will is righteousness!
And when that is done
peace" is won! But right
eousness, alas, is often the
lost chord in the anthem of
Peace"
Evening star., 1961-12-17
100 Years AGO

The United States, or what
was left of it, seemed peril
ously close to a shooting war
with Great Britain a century
ago. The Trent affair."" in
volving the Federal Govern
ment'S removal of two Con-
federate ENJOYS from the
British mail steamer Trent
a month before, was at the
critical stage. Official Wash
ington was respondent over
reports that the British Am
bassador here was ready to
demand that the South's am
baSSadors to England and
France be released from
prison, and that the British
were prepared to beef up
their garrison in Canada. The
London press urged that a
fleet Of British warships be
sent up the Potomac to in
timidate the Federal Govern
ment. The Star of Deem
ber Is, 1861, carried a COL
umn of dispatches on the
mounting furor over the
Trent incident. One of these
said the steamer Europa had
arrived at Halifax the day
before, bearing a Queens
messenger with dispatches
for Lord Lyons, her majes-
tvs representative in the
Capital. This news spaper
quoted the London Observer
as saying: THE CBritish)
government will demand from
President Lincoln and his
cabinet the restoration Of the
persons of the Southern en-
voys to the British govern
ment. The public will be
satisfied to know that the
demands (of the Queens
meSsenger) are for an apol-
ogy and to insist on a resti-
tuition to the protection of
the British flag of those who
were violently and illegally
torn from that sacred
asylum. There is no reason
why they should not be re-
stored to the quarterback
Of a British admiral at New
York, or Washington itself,
in the face of ten or twelve
British men-of-war, whose
presence in the Potoma C
would render the clustering
cabinet at Washington as
helpless as the Trent was
before the guns and cutlasses
of the San Jacinto Cthe
United States steamer that
intercepted the Trent).
Arrangements for increasing
the force in Canada are not
complete. In the meantime a
large ship, the Melbourne, is
Evening star., 1961-12-17
Coptives Eye NATO

The Paris meeting of the
NATO foreign ministers
seems a most appropriate oc-
casion to warn against a re-
cent tendency to enviSage a
Berlin settlement at the price
of a security arrangement be-
tween the Western powers
and the Soviet Union with or
without the satellite regimes)
which directly or by implica-
ton would sanction the sub
jugation Of the captive ma
tions of East-Central Europe.
A political agreement between
NATO and the so called
Warsaw Pact would be a case
in point.
The Warsaw Pact is not a
voluntary association freely
entered into by independent
states. 1t is but a legal dis
guise for the Moscow con-
trolled Soviet imperial Sys-
tenn. Equating this pact with
NATO and exchanging
pledges of security with the
oppresSors of 100 million Eu-
ropeans whose right of self
determination the Western
powers are committed to up
hold will have most serious
consequences for the cause
of freedom. The hopes of the
captive peoples would be
dashed and their spirit of re-
SiStance shattered. The re-
straining effect of the hos
tility of our peoples to COM
munism and Soviet Russia
would be lost to the Western
powers at a time when no
factor of deterrence is expen-
dable. This would sharpen
the dilemma in which the
West is caught whenever
Moscow decides to create a
crisis: running the risk Of an
all-out war or making fur
ther concessions to the So
viets that would gradually
undermine confidence in the
effectiveness of NATO. Any
agreement on Berlin secured
at such a price would be a
short-lived respite.
The peoples of EaSt-Cen-
tral Europe know that the
Soviet rulers have reason to
fear a major war more than
anyone else. They also know
that forces of disintegration
are at work within the So
Wet empire which can only
be overcome to the extent
Moscow maintains its win
ming streak and thus
strengthens the myth of the
inevitable victory of commu-
nism the world over. They,
therefore, expect the West
to deny purposefully to the
Soviet further successes. In
their view, by standing firm
ly on its present positions, by
refusing to yield to the pre-
posterous Soviet demands on
Berlin and countering them
with the demand for an over
all European settlement based
on the right of self-determi-
nation. the West would set in
motion within the Soviet en-
pire developments in the di-
rection of both freedom and
peace.
For the sake of both those
who want to preserve their
freedom and those who want
to recover it, we hope that
the expectations of 100 mil
lion people will be realized.
Ferenc Macy,
Chairman,
.Brutus COste,
Secretary General,
Assembly of Captive
European Nations.
Evening star., 1961-12-17
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry Driters' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSa-
ton. Those not used will be
returned only when accom-
panied By self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1961-12-17
FROM THE STAR FILES.
so Years AGO

The National Capital re-
ceived high praise for it's
tree planting program so
years ago. The American Civ
ic Association held it's annual
convention here, with one of
the speakers being William
Solotaroff. superintendent of
the Municipal Shade Tree
Commission of East Orange,
N. j. The Star of December
Is. 1911, quoted him: Wash
ington offers the best exam
pie in the country of the BEN
efitS accruing from continu-
GUS care in the planting and
cultivation of trees in cities
and towns where there is lit
tie or no adequate official
supervision of the planting of
trees on public highways. In
cities and towns where the
task of tree-planting is left
to property owners, it is often
found that the trees on the
same street bear evidence of
a diversity of tastes of the
planters. There may be half
a dozen or more species on
the same street, desirable
mixed with the undesirable,
of all shapes and sizes, set
either too closely or too far
apart. In some cases the trees
are not trimmed at all and
the limbs touch the heads of
pedestrians. The Capital has
more trees over 95,000-a
greater variety of them and
all in a better state of health
than any other capital in the
world -"
Evening star., 1961-12-17
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
The Lost Chord
BY DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate

The one beatific chord in
the symphony Of the Incar-
nation is "Peace!" This
Christmas month the choirs
chant it, the congregations
sing 1t. the bells chime it:
"Peace!" In the blessed spell
OF the holy season Advent
hymns and carols seem to
breathe the deepest longing
Of men and women under all
skies as the theme of
peace" is set to music.
But as the Christmastide
draws near when love is
brightest and hate is faintest
we must never forget at our
peril that peace" never
stands alone. 1t did not in the
little Eastern town when hope
was born. The peace" an
nounced by the Herald An
gels was offered - to men
Of good will" Any other So
called peace" is spurious
and perverted. Peace" which
stands alone may be ten
times worse than strife - for
it may mean but the surren-
der of the highest to the low
est.
Isolated virtues often de-
generate into vices. Every vir-
tue must merge with other
graces to find its own place
in the mosaic of a balanced
life. For instance, zeal blaZ-
ing like an acetylene torch,
divorced from knowledge and
integrity, may be as dyna-
mite in the hands of a ma
MAC. Thrift, when not joined
to benevolence, may sour into
a miserlineSs whose ruling
passion of mere getting turns
the heart into a frozen re-
frigerator with golden doors.
Liberty is the vital breath
of abundant life but freedom
alone may slide down a fatal
slope to license because it is
not Joined to discipline and
authority.
Now the peace" of God is
always joined to righteous
ness. In this tempestuous day
when nearly everybody is
talking about peace" no
matter what tyrants may
threaten and cruel op-
pressors plot, nevertheless
around an anguished earth
the cry is lifted, 1--WE want
Peace, Peace, Peace!"
Well has a contemporary
prophet Of the Eternal de-
clared: Most of us hate war,
chiefly because it hurts us.
Instinctively we pray for
peace II we hated war be-
cause it hurts God we would
pray not for peace but for
Righteousness. The whole
tragedy of our modern world
is that it has missed the way
Of peace because it has re-
jected the way of righteous
ness" That is really the
theme of this Spire!
At Christmas it is sacri-
lege to write across our hu-
man sentiments peace at
any price" There was once a
deplorable price paid at
Munich for a peace" with
OUT righteousness. Inc Chris
tian slogan is Righteous
ness at any price"-even the
terrible price of Calvary. One
who is called the Prince of
Peace, born in Bethlehem,
declared solemnly that it is
possible to cry Peace,
Peace!' when there is no
peace"
How often in these dread
days the glowing words of
the prophet Isaiah are quoted
- They shall beat their
spears into plowshares, ma
tions shall learn war no
more" But that promise is
meaningless without what
Evening star., 1961-12-17

An economy move failed in
Congress so years ago, as
the House voted down a mo-
tion to cut the travel allow
ance of congressman from
20 cents to 10 cents a mile.
Democrats generally favored
the idea, but the Republicans
swung enough votes to de-
feat the plan, which was Of
fered by Representative
Mitchell Palmer of Pennsyl-
vania. representative
Humphreys, of Washington
State, was quoted by The
Star of December II, 1911, as
telling Mr.. Palmer, indig-
nantly: 1T is quite apparent
that you live near Washing
ton. A great many people are
willing to be patriotic at the
expense of somebody else. A
member who comes to the
Capital and leaves his fam
lily home is unfit to be a
member of Congress. This
stuff you are talking is just
buncombe, and your constitu-
ents will know 1t -"
Evening star., 1961-12-17

fall. fire. or anything else,
except perhaps an earthquake
or volcano.
Peter M, Kulick.