davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1961-09-28
Clubs
Chi Omega Alumnae
Meet Tuesday

Meet Tuesday
The East Side Chi Omega AS
sociation of Cleveland will meet
at the home of Mrs. Howard c..
Jacob, 2014 Brunswick rd. Tues
day, at $50 p. m.
Following buffet dinner, the
president, Mrs. Kenneth d.
Scott, 1924 Brewster rd., will
conduct a business meeting. The
evening program, Eye Witness
in Havana" will be presented by
two alumnae MEMBERSHIPS.
A. f. Gall and her daughter,
Mrs. Bruce V. Norton.
| All Chi Omega members are
Icordially invited to attend. For
dinner reservations, please con-
tact Mrs. William NJ. Kirkpat-
rick, 1000 Nelav w-MU.
1-8161. or Miss Linda Yannetta
I-9S1 Brunswick rd. UL. 1861 ;.
Woman's Club
Holds First Tea
The East Cleveland Woman's
lClub, 1747 Lake Front ave-,
announces it's first tea Of the
season will be in honor of the
president at the club house at
2 p. m. Thursday, Oct. 5th.
Also on the agenda for this
meeting is a pictorial tour of
Austria and Switzerland pre-
sented by Mrs. T. c. Barnes.
Mrs. c. ]. Eichler and Mrs.
Frank J. Andel will be in charge
of the tea and Mrs. William H.
Morris is program chairman.
Hostesses will be Mrs. J. A
Stahl and Mrs. W. S. DeOtt.
Windermere Knights
of Columbus
Installation Of officers will
take place at the bi-monthlyI
meeting of Windermere Council.
Knights Of Columbus Monday
at $3.50 p. m.
Officers being installed areI
Rev. Edward W. Dickard. pas
tor of Holy Trinity Parish,
chaplain; Leonard Markert,
grand knight; James Castellano.
deputy grand knight; Joseph
Kish, chancellor; Robert Lau-
rich, warden; Joseph Brozak,
recorder: Leonard Roether, fl
nancial secretary; Vernon Rice.
treasurer; Guido Bozza, advo-
cate; James Barlow, inside
guard; Robert Buckheit, out
side guard: Herbert Rice Peter
Manfred, and Patrick O'Malley,
trustees; and Gerald Cooper,
lecturer.
District Deputy, Herman Cas-
amata. will officiate at the in
stallation.
Windermere Isabella Guild
Windermere Isabella Guild
will hold a card party in the
Windermere Knights of Colum-
bus Hall, at 1927 Euclid ave,
Wednesday, Oct. 25th, at g
p. m.
Refreshments will be served.
Mrs. William McGonegal is
chairman of the affair.
For further information or
reservations call either Mrs.
Vernon Rice, at EV. 2-2427 or
Mrs. Frank Koch at EV. 2-0338.
Correction
Windermere Council Knights
of Columbus clam bake will be
held on Oct. 18th. Serving from
6 to 10 p. m.
Guest Day
Is Tuesday
The annual fall guest day
for the Terrace Garden Club
will be held at the home of
the club president, Mrs. G. H.
Juergens, 1880 Shaker blvd.
Pepper Pike on Tuesday at
Ills p. m.
The program on Landscape
Gardening" will be given by
Mr.. Henry Pree.
World War I
Widows Meet
Widows of World War l Inc,
Cleveland Chapter Alpha will
meet Sunday, Oct. 1st at the
Sheraton Cleveland Hotel at
2 pm.
Guest speaker will be Mr..
Theodore kavouras of the
Veterans Administration. The
regular meeting will be at
3 pm.
Mrs. Charles Rybak, presi-
dent invites all World War I
W dows to attend. Call
LA. 1928 for further infor-
nation.
Evening star., 1961-11-05

Union to boast that socialism is
progressing and capitalism is de-
caying. This naive theme has had
considerable effect in underde-
veloped areas of the world.
New nations are told that
Russia was underdeveloped once;
now it is surprising the leading
capitalist states. Since many such
countries are predisposed to So
cialism, this sort of propaganda
has strong appeal among the
leadership in these lands.
This explanation omits the fact,
Of course, that at the time of
the revolution, Russia had the
fifth largest economy in the
world, far cry from the
economic inmaturity of African
and Asian countries.
Most economists believe that
Mr.. Khrushchev does not Seri-
ously think the Soviet Union will
surpass the United States by 1880.
Instead, they think he wants only
to create the impression that
communism is the wave of the
future and that capitalism is
dying.
Many officials feel that the
proper response is not to scott
at the Soviet boasts, but to prove
beyond a doubt that the United
States economy is stronger.
A higher United States growth
rate, they say, would provide the
resources to meet any Soviet
military or propaganda challenge.
Evening star., 1961-11-05

productive sum of the goods
and services produced. The GIMP
of the United States (S503 bill
lion) is about twice that of the
Soviet Union. By and large, this
represents the vast difference in
the two countries standards of
living.
The American GIMP has grown
in recent years at an average
rate of per cent, while the
Soviet rate has risen about 6 per
cent.
If both countries continue at
these rates over the next 20 years,
the Soviet Union should close the
economic gap to about 10 per cent
of the United States.
If the United States follows the
course advocated by several
economists, however, it will grow
at a rate of As per cent year.
This will make it nearly inpos-
sible for the Soviet Union to
catch up.
Such growth rate could end
unemployment, and provide a vast
reservoir of resources for foreign
and domestic needs.
The question of growth is at
the heart of the economic COM
petition.
Evening star., 1961-11-05
By LAWRENCE SULLIVAN
North American NeRsnaper Alliance

I'VE Va AAACAANoAA NNHoRokNA HaAAAoAAeV
The vigor and exuberant vi
tality of the American economy
today is indicated by the fact
that more than so routine in
duStrial products have shown a
consistent growth-rate of 10 per
cent year or better since 1948.
A recent study by the Com
merce Department tabulates the
growth pulse of 300 industrial
products for the period 1948-60.
Helicopter passenger service be-
gan in swaddling clothes in 1858,
with $4,000 passenger miles for
the year. Five years later the
figure was 4,885,00 passenger
miles, and for 1860, it was
OATS, 900 passenger miles-a con-
sistent growth pattern of better
than 80 per cent a year. Such
rapidly developing products are
characterized in investment
circles as growth industries"
Radio transistors began feebly
in 1854 with a total production
of $4,000 units. And for 1860
the total was 127,928,000 units.
Heat pumps began at less than
1000 units in 1852, and closed
out 1860 with a total production
of 48,3OO units for the year.
Automobile air-conditioners be-
gan in 1852 with $4,000 units,
and advanced steadily to 10000
units for 1860
Power steering began in 1852
Evening star., 1961-11-05
Booming Business: U. S. Style

dustrial development since the
war-a growth pattern new to
economic literature, as measured
both in range and technical
sophiStication.
Higher Living Stondords
Other products listed as show
ing an annual growth rate Of 10
per cent or better each year
through 1860 include synthetic
fibers, monographs, carpets and
rugs of tufted design, magnetic
recorders, DDT, automatic coffee
makers, electric blankets, jet fuel,
vitamins, frozen foods, electric
Shavers, aluminium ingotS, paper
milk containers, gasoline engines.
Power lawn mowers were 397,-
900 in 1948 production and 3.S
million for 1860. Television
sets (black and white) we're 975,-
900 in 1948 production and S,708,
900 for 1860.
Air paSSenger-mileS leaped from
rs billion in 1948 to 1873 billion
for 1860.
Frozen foods were 1.3 billion
pounds for 1948 and 6.5 billion
pounds for 1860.
These, in broad outline, are the
measurements by which our
vaunted American standard Of
living is advancing from year to
year as new products and new
services are offered on an ever
widening market.
Evening star., 1961-11-05
West Europes Economic Growth Amazes the World

the survey finds, but also the in
fluence Of advertising, high-pres-
sure salesmanship and buying on
the installment plan. Long ia
miliar to Americans, these tech
niques of mass merchandising are
rapidly spreading throughout
Europe, lending substance to the
charge Of "Americanization.'
The study comments on the
extraordinary rise in vacation
travel by Europeans since World
War II. Over the "autobahn" and
the "autostrada" European tour
lists criss-cross the continent in
their Volkswagens and Renaults.
spending their holidays in lands
hitherto remote and inaccessible.
This kind of everyday interchange
between ordinary Germans and
Frenchmen, Greeks and Norwe-
gians may have contributed al
most as much to the growing
feeling of European unity as the
more intricate economic planning
Of diplomats and technicians.
A United Europe, the authors
believe, is clearly in the making.
If Britain joins the Common Mar
ket, followed by its ETA aSsoci-
ates, 1870 will see a more united
and powerful continent than any
thing foreshadowed in the dreams
of Charlemagne or Napoleon. and
the process will have been
achieved not by war and conquest,
but by the peaceful forces of eco
nomic changes and integratioh.
Evening star., 1961-11-05

with 200 units of production and
ended 1860 with 2,552,000 units
for the year.
Mony New Products
No other country in the world
has recorded such fabulous in
dustrial strides in so many di-
versified products.
Polyethylene plastic fibers came
into the picture in 1948 with
19 million pounds of production;
in 1860 our United States produc-
ton was $4,000, 900 pounds.
Titanium sponge basic to mis-
sile and rocket production-be-
gan with 10 tons in 1948 and
closed out 1860 with 5,311 tons.
Household dehumidifiers tested
the United States market in 1949
with with $4,000 units production;
the 1860 total was 100000.
Room air-conditioners were 74,-
900 for l949, and 1921 900 for
1860.
Foam-rubber mattresses were
$4,000 for 1947 and 608,000 for
1860.
Home driers were $4,000 for
1948 and 1,2S8,000 for 1860.
Antibiotics were 240, 900 pounds
in 1948 and 2,769,000 pounds in
1860.
New productsl New services!
new gadgets Of convenience and
economy. Such is the almost un-
believable story Of American in
Evening star., 1961-11-05
IS 1T CATCHING UP?
IS 1T CATCHING UP?
Soviet Economy VS.. the U. S.
By the Associated Press
By BERNARD GWERTZMAN
star staff Writer

The Soviet Union is boaSting
to the world that the United
States is finished as an economic
power.
The 22d Communist Party
Congress last week announced
that 1.-The world socialist system
is advancing steadfaStly toward
decisive victory in its economic
competition with capitalism"
Premier Khrushchev told 5000
cheering delegates that the Soviet
Union would surpaSs the United
States in total production by
1880. He also told his people that
in their lifetime Communism"
would come to Russia.
Communism" is the final stage
Of MARKHAM development when
people live according to the
slogan, from each according to
his ability, to each according to
his need"
United States economists have
studied the latest Soviet claims,
trying to separate fact from fic-
ton. These are some Of their
conclusions:
Evening star., 1961-11-05

ton" Of European life is likely
to proceed at an even faster
rate in the decade to come. The
study estimates that by 1870
Europeans will be operating three
times as many passenger auto
mobiles as in 1955-more than
SO million cars compared with less
than II million.
In 1855 an estimated 10 per
cent Of European households
owned mechanical refrigerators.
The proportion is expected to rise
to So per cent by 1910. Family
washing machines were used in
is per cent Of European house
holds in 1855. BY 1870 an estimat-
ed SO per cent of Europe's families
will own washing machines.
Along with higher incomes and
more consumer goods Europeans
are experiencing such American"
problems as the maid shortage.
This is bringing demands for
labor-Saving household appliances
of all kinds. for convenience
foods" and for all sorts Of "do-it-
yourself" products and equipment.
The repairman and handicrafts-
man Of earlier days is disappear
ing, and 'the prospect of a serv-
antlesS world ds) not far ahead"
the authors conclude.
Evening star., 1961-11-05

which averaged about "a per cent
annually in the sos.
The study - written by two
Americans, J. Frederic Dewhurst
and John o. Coppock, and an
Englishrnan, P. Lamartine Yates
assumes future increase in GIMP
at only 3 per cent a year. Even
so, gross GIMP per person in
Western Europe is expected to rise
from STAT in 1855 to 81 ,067 in 1870.
The Productivity Rise
Productivity, or average output
per man-hour worked, is likely to
increase at an annual rate of
more than 81 per cent, or 40 per
cent for the entire period 1856
1910. Despite this rapid growth,
labor productivity and per capita
income in Western Europe are
still less than half what they are
in the United States. This helps
explain why the United States
can compete with Europe in world
Evening star., 1961-11-05
INDUSTRY

Since 1928, the Soviet Union
has emphasized heavy industry at
the expense Of other sectors OF
the economy.
The results of this 33-year drive
are now apparent to the world:
The Soviet Union has risen from
fifth to second place in industrial
production. 1t has sufficient mill
tary power to destroy half the
world. It's space achievements
continue to astonish mankind.
Also, the emphasis has taken
its toll on the average citizen.
By American standards, Ivan
Ivanovich lives a hard life. One
economist has written:
Soviet housing standards per
family are about a fourth Of the
American average; food consump-
ton per head somewhat better
than half; clothing, a bit less
than half; medical services, public
parks, etc., similar to American
standards. In durable consumer
goods and travel, the Soviet
standard of living is, as it were,
aust entering the competition"
The 20-year goals outlined at
Che party congress continue this
emphasis. In them, Mr.. Khru-
shchev called for multi-fold in
crease in most products.
Steel, for instance, would rise
from 65 to $50 million tons
(American output was 80 million
tons in 1860. Electric power
would increase from 292 billion to
3 trillion XVIII. (American output
is about $40 billion k.w.h0.
Most economists believe that
most industrial goals are within
Soviet reach. This means that by
1880, Soviet industrial capacity
should equal or surpass the
United States If the growth rates
of the nations remain the same.
For many years, agriculture was
Evening star., 1961-11-05

per cent of its population, the 19
Western European countries pro-
duce nearly 20 per cent Of the
worlds food supply, close to rs
per cent Of its national income,
80 per cent Of its steel output and
account for nearly 40 per cent of
its foreign trade.
These figures, as well as all
other regional totals in the study,
include Great Britain, significant
in view Of Britain's recent historic
move to seek membership in the
European Common Market.
The impetus given Western
Europe by the Marshall Plan and
by subsequent unification moves
is reflected in the rapid growth
of its gross national product. In
the 1950s Europe's GIMP grew by
about 4.3 per cent a year, as COM
pared with not more than 1.6 per
cent from 1918 to 1888. Europe's
rate Of growth exceeded the rate
of increase in the United States,
Evening star., 1961-11-05
By WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.-One
Western diplomat, scanning the
psychological shock wave from
Russia's multi-megaton nuclear
fireworks last week, gave this
cynical appraisal:
"Khrushchev committed the
crime and the United States is
being sentenced to jail"
Like most oversimplifications,
this was to some extent mislead-
ing. 1t was at best only half true.
But there was disquieting ele-
ment of fact in it. The Soviet
test series does represent a Seri-
GUS military and diplomatic set
back for the West.
In part this is the doing of
Indian diplomats, notably of
v. K. KriShna Menon, and there
may be some minor fireworks
during Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru'S visit to the United States,
which begins today.
But in much larger part, the
testing fiasco is a diplomatic fail
ure of the Vests own making.
objectives of Diplomacy
The basic detectives Of West
ern nuclear diplomacy since the
highly successful American test
series of 1858 have been these:
Q To maintain a substantial
American lead in the variety and
sophistication Of atomic weapons.
. To inhibit Soviet nuclear tech
nology, if possible, by preventing
further Soviet testing.
Q Failing this, to maximize the
political damage which the Krem-
lin would incur when it resumed
testing.
The West has not accomplished
any of these detectives.
American teSt-ban negotiator
James j. Wadsworth, who han
died the Geneva talks for Presi-
dent Eisenhower, never was per-
mitted the flexibility which might
have produced treaty. There was
too much opposition in Wash
ington to concluding one.
From October, 1858, when the
Geneva parley began, until early
1859, Mr.. Wadsworth was ham
strung, kept on a short leash,
and given negotiating positions
which amounted to Stone-walling.
In 1859 and 1860, the American
iceberg began to thaw, but too
slowly to get a treaty-or even
genuinely to test the apparent
Soviet interest in one.
Had Mr.. Wadsworth been given
in early 1860 the position papers
which his successor, Arthur H.
Dean, was given in early 1861,
he and others believe there might
we'll have been a test-ban treaty.
Lost Interest in Treoty
This year, the United States
really gave it a college try. But
it was too late. Nikita Khru-
shchev had lost whatever interest
he had had in a treaty, and as
we now know, was preparing for
a major test series.
Mr.. Khrushchev probably be-
gan preparations for testing
Evening star., 1961-11-05

shortly after the U-2 incident Of
May, 1860. At least, he did no Sc
rious negotiating at Geneva after
that date.
Having failed to inhibit Soviet
nuclear technology by the treaty
route, the United States still
could have made Mr.. Khru-
shchev's sabotage Of a treaty in
credibly damaging to him polit-
ically.
Washington was all set to do
this at the U. N. General Assem-
bly, this fall, exposing the Krem-
Inns 1861 refusal to negotiate
and rousing the neutrals to de-
mand that he do so. At that point,
Mr.. KhruShchev began banging
in Novaya Zemlya.
The first world reaction at Bel
grade in early September was dis
appointingly mild, and President
Kennedy apparently decided it
was. no use trying to exploit neu-
tralist indignation. He gave the
order to resume American testing.
This, U. N. people believe, was
a mistake. 1t blurred the moral
picture. 1t gave professional
fence-sitterS such as KriShna
Menon a chance to call down
curses on both houses.
Hook on Humanity
When U. N. debate began last
month, and the United States ac-
cuSed Mr.. Khrushchev of great
hoax on humanity talking about
banning tests while preparing to
conduct them-the Russians, In
dams and others replied: But
you were preparing for testing,
too. You obviously were all ready
to co."
Mr.. Dean, speaking for the
United States, tried to deny it, but
only got himself in deeper.
The military value of some
four to seven difficult under
ground tests conducted now rath-
er than next January (after the
U. N. had adjourned) could not
have been great enough to justi-
fy hamstringing American diplo-
Evening star., 1961-11-05
AGRICULTURE

Farmers were the poorest paid
in Russia, and food production
was often at near famine levels.
Premier Khrushchev, however,
has improved Soviet agricultural
production in recent years. Ferti-
lizer and tractor industries have
expanded, and virgin lands have
been plowed.
Grain levels have reached new
highs, and meat has reappeared
on Soviet dinner tables.
Although Soviet food produc-
ton still lags far behind the
United States, there is no
shortage of food. Most economists
agree that by 1880, Soviet agri-
culture should be more than suf-
ficient to meet Russian needs.
At present, about so per cent
of the Soviet population works on
the farm. This number will drop
as industry expands and attracts
more people into urban areas. In
the United States, only 8 per cent
of the population works on the
farm.
Evening star., 1961-11-05
The Soviet Big Bomb Does Harm
To the West, Too, U. n. Hears

macy in this critical struggle,
Westerners here believe. Domestic
political pressure rather tn a n
military necessity prompted the
move, it is assumed.
Mr.. Khrushchev took a lot Of
punishment for his test series, in
cluding an 87-11 U. N. rebuke for
the 50-megaton horror weapon.
He infuriated and nauseated
millions.
"A Gloomy Prospect
But it could have been i'm
mensely more profitable for the
West if he had been the only
target. With a few exceptions
Nehru was one-the outspoken
public protests against Mr.. Khru-
shchev's conduct did not come
from neutralist sources. They
came from WeSterners or people
allied with the West.
And the prospect ahead is very
gloomy. Led by India, the q. N.
is in the process of calling for
an uninspected moratorium on
all future testing "a plea - di-
rected, in practice; for the next
six to eight months at least
(While Mr.. Khrushchev prepares
a new series) exclusively at the
United States, Britain and
France.
The United States, to regain its
lead in atomic technology, not
only must test but must test in
the atmosphere. 1t must, and ap-
parently will, defy the U. N. All
the indignation whipped up
against nuclear explosions, all the
fear of radioactive fallout, now
will serve to embarrass the West
and maximize the political dam
age it must sustain.
Perhaps this plight was to some
extent unavoidable, but many
here believe the Vests cards were
poorly played. This is what the
Western diplomat meant when
he remarked that Mr.. KhruShchev
committed the crime and the
United States was being SEN
fenced to jail.
Evening star., 1961-11-05
White House Footnotes

-Merriman Smith in the Nations
Business.
y y =
The Presidents popularity is
increasing here lin Washington
every day.
The main reason-which I well
understand after talking to him
privately-is sympathy for him.
Sympathy that so young a man
should bear such q prodigious
burden. Sympathy that such an
attractive and intellectually Sensi-
tive figure should be confronted
with such hideous problems. Sym
pathy with an idealist confronted
with the greatest danger that
mankind has ever known.-Cas-
sandra, London Daily Mirror COL
umnist, in the Philadelphia
Inquirer.
Evening star., 1961-11-05

society and the class markets
organized to supply necessities to
the poor and luxury goods to the
rich have not yet disappeared, the
study finds, but no observer can
fail to note the emergence of a
new attitude on the part of con-
sumers and suppliers alike. What
was formerly a class society char
acterized by differences in, income
and manner Of living has become
a much more democratic commu-
nifty with a much narrower
range Of spendable income"
Coco Colonization"
Critical European observers
sometimes refer to the Americana
zation-or disparagingly, to the
coca -colonization"-of European
life. There is some truth to this
claim, the authors find, in the
sense that the economic changes
now occurring in Europe hap
pened generation ago-in the
'20s in the United States.
But these changes, the report
stresses, cannot be adequately
explained as a mere import from
an alien continent" Instead, they
appear to be the ultimate and
inevitable results Of developments
common to both continents: In
naturalization, ur b anization,
higher productivity, rising in
comes, mass production and tech
biological progress"
The progressive "Americaniza-
Evening star., 1961-11-05

The President is troubled by
difficulty in keeping not only his
attention, but that of his admin
iStration, of Congress and the
public riveted to central issues.
He returned not long ago from
a week end on Cape Cod, alight-
ing from a helicopter on the White
House south lawn to find his mill
tary aide, Maj. Gen. Chester
Clifton, waiting with a portfolio
of new trouble overseas. And
perched on a grassy bank beside
the Presidents office was a covey
of cutieS entered in a beauty con-
test and steered to the White
House by a benevolent member of
Congress.
The President looked quite dis
pleased, gave the girls a wide
berth and scuttled into his office.