davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-10-26
RALPH McGILL

II have sought to create
a set Of anxious thoughts in
the minds Of conscientious
citizens" said DR.. James A.
Conant, in connection with
the publication Of his book
"Slums and Suburbs: A Com
mentary on Schools in Met
ropolitan Areas"
We may hope the one-time
president of Harvard has
been successful.
He says, with irrevocable
truth, that the slum schools.
especially in our larger cities,
are piling up social dynamite.
1t is explosive and inflam-
mable. 1t will become the
more so. We have, indeed,
for some years been witness
ing some of the flames and
hearing detonations from
this accumulation. A better
description of it might be
to say it is radioactive-a
problem like unto that Of the
accumulated wastes left over
from atomic operations and
experiments. We have not
yet determined how to use
it or get rid of it.
The White Citizens Coun-
cils and the Southern Con-
gressmen who enjoy the ir-
relevancy of finding flaws in
other regions to distract at
tention from their own have.
for some time, been saying
that it is desegregation which
has caused the slum areas
of large cities in the East
and West to be harassed with
crime, especially that of vari-
Gus types of robbery and as
sault. They blame this on
the liberals and the United
States Supreme Court school
desegregation.
Those who dislike the
United Nations actually in
Sist that New York's troubles
involving racial conflicts and
lawleSsness are caused by the
presence of the U. N. and its
foreign Staffs. But DR.. Con-
ant, as have others before
him, has the proper dag
nosis. 1t applies. of course
more Immediately to the 1C
largest cities. But it also is
equally a similar problem ir
birmingham and New Or
Leans, or any other city which
Evening star., 1961-10-26
October Increase Believed Costing u. S.
STAB Million in Prospective Tax Receipts

are regularly added in in
dustry and there is no cor
responding benefit" obtain
ed. Productivity" is the
word often used to describe
such a benefit" But pro
ductivity" doesn't come pri-
marily out of harder work
or longer hours. 1t comes
out Of new machinery and
more "automation," and this
takes money to purchase. 1t
is precisely the additions to
this reservoir of funds in
American industrial COM
panies that are being steadily
prevented.
Some economists have
worked out estimates of what
would happen to Government
tax receipts and to funds
available to private COM
panies for expansion if the
wage rates and benefits Sc
cured this very month in the
steel and auto industries
were extended throughout the
industrial system. For, in the
past, the unions in the steel
and auto industries have
furnished a pattern for other
unions to follow.
If, in all corporate indus
try. the same scale Of wage
increases is applied as the
average of those emerging
from the october pay raise
in steel and the 1861 wage
contracts in autos. it is eSti-
mated that $2.9 billion would
be added annually to cor
porate wages and salaries.
Indeed, approximately $4.5
billion would be the total
increase in corporate en-
ployment-costs If fringe
benefits" are included.
Here is a $4.5-billion item
which must come out Of
profits. Hence, Federal taxes
would drop $l.8 billion. This
takes into account an offset
Of about a half-billion dol
lars in income tax receipts
from individuals, so the net
loss to the Treasury would
be at least Sl.8 billion.
Evening star., 1961-10-26
Observers Soy u. S.-BHtoin Goofed
By MAKING the First Approach

Gaulle's contention to let the
Russians make the first move
is not due to face" (although
that, too. plays a big role
with the Kremlin) but to his
realization that regardless of
how close in theology the four
Allies are, they cannot for
mulate a plausible basis for
negotiations. If Moscow had
made the first move and pro-
duced concrete proposals.
then the Allies would have
discussed them among them
selves and come up with
counter-proposals after Mr..
Khrushchev had showed his
hand.
This, the French contend,
and the Germans heartily
agreed, was the only way to
get conversations between
the West and Moscow on the
right track. One of those at
the dinner discussion re-
minded that it was the Krem-
lin that had demanded ne
gotiation on Berlin in the
first place a long time ago.
Now the Kremlin boss, US
ing the blackjack strategy,
has been able to maneuver
the West into asking for such
negotiations.
He knows that the CONT
nentals, including such tiny
nations as Holland and Bel
gium, are adamant about
yielding on basic matters,
while London and particu-
larly Washington, are ready
to discuss almost any mat
ter because of the illusion
that "it does not necessarily
mean that we shall accept
the Russian proposals"
1t is for this reason, say
the continental diplomats
and policy makers, that Mr..
Khrushchev has so skillfully
Evening star., 1961-10-26

PAR1S.-There is no COM
manding general who does
not welcome a ratio Of four
to one in war, but in diplo-
matte negotiations such a ra-
ito can easily be a disaster.
This was the consensus Of
several French and German
diplomats as we sat around a
table after one of those ca
loric French dinners. The
conversation was necessarily
about the coming diplomatic
events in the next few
months-the most momen-
tous for Christian Western
civilization.
The topic concerned Spe-
officially the conversations in
New York and Washington
between representatives Of
the United States and Brit
ain involving indirectly also
France and Germany on one
side and Soviet Foreign Min
lister Gromyko on the other.
The main thought of these
experienced diplomats was
that while Mr.. Gromyko
knew exactly what Soviet
Russia wanted. the others.
except for a sort Of unevenly
shared frantic desire for
peace, did not. The four
Allied representatives could
not agree on just what should
be negotiated with their one
adversary.
This shows" said one Of
the Frenchmen, "how far
sighted Gen. de Gaulle has
been from the beginning of
the Berlin crisis. He has in
sisted that the Russians
should come to us and ask
for negotiations. placing their
proposals on the table. But
you Anglo-Saxons have made
the strategically bad mistake
of making the first approach
to Moscow"
The reasoning in Gen. De
Evening star., 1961-10-26
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Eisenhower attacks the Kennedy administration for a
tornado" of confusion Ike beginning to
sound like the uptown Harry Truman.
Russia claims 1t has deadly anti-mssie missile. What
this country needs is good fivecent antimsSe missile
missile.
father his college is ideal for the Peace Corps
The seldom writes letter and when he does he
anything.
Living costs hit high. Even you can't make ends
meet it's nice to know you're failing at much claser level
Q-I know what forefather is. but what is fore
mother? A mother who plays golf all day.
We plan to explode an A-bomb underground in New
salt AS the atomic scientist said he kissed
his wife goodbye in the morning We'll dear back to the
salt mines"
Evening star., 1961-10-26
With 1919 Age Group Expanding Fast,
DR.. Conunt Proposes u. S. Jobs Plan

has a population growing
around industry.
DR.. Conant notes that in
the Negro sections Of some
of the large cities. "Over half
of the boys between 16 and
81 years Of age are out Of
work" This certainly is true.
But it loses no truth by ex-
panding it. There are, in
cities of 100000 and more
population, a growing num-
ber in that age group, white
and colored. who are out Of
work. There is another grim
fact. They will remain out
of work. In addition. we must
face the fact their number
will grow.
DR.. Conant proposes the
immediate creation of 300,-
900 jobs in federally financed
urban public works. This is
a sound idea, on the con-
servative side. 1t will. Of
course, be greeted derisively
by those who have made a
cult out Of opposing what they
call government spending.
They will prefer to let the in
flammable material pile up
until it becomes a problem
impossible to solve by reme-
dial means which presently
promise to be effective. This
is a very serious business,
and it will not be solved un-
less it becomes a major OBJ
jective of thoughtful respon-
sible persons. 1t is a reality,
not a theory.
In addition to the urban
public works proposal, which
would take these uneducated,
unframed young people off
Evening star., 1961-10-26
DAVID LAWRENCE

Somebody has taken away
this month at least $143 mil
lion of prospective tax receipts
from Uncle Sam-maybe
more-and the public doesn't
know anything about it.
All the American people
know is that there has been
some kind of wage increase
in the steel industry which
took effect on October l.
They haven't been told that
this means additional wage
costs of somewhere between
$120 and $3.50 million on an
annual basis-and some es-
Inmates run as high as 5000
million.
Likewise, in the auto in
dustry about SIPS million now
have been added to costs by
the new wage contracts.
Taken together. this is an
increase in expenses in these
two industries of about S275
million. Hence, the Federal
Government, which mig ht
have gotten So per cent in
the form Of taxes on profits
from the corporations-or
about $143 million-now
loses that sum.
Where does it go? Most Of
1t goes to individuals who pay
a relatively low income tax,
and they spend it in large
part for consumer goods and
pay higher prices for many
of their necessities.
Another $132 million that
could have been utilized by
the companies to build plant
and acknowledgements that
would have really stimula-
ted employment-is not 60
ing to be available to the
private companies that earn
ed it. This trend is what is
worrying businessmen these
days.
But, sooner or later, the
American people will have
to begin worrying. too. be-
cause Uncle Sans tax re-
ceipts are going to be stead
lily diminished if such costs
Evening star., 1961-10-26
College to Honor
Lutheran Luymun

John Nordberg, a prominent
local Lutheran layman. will be
honored tomorrow as an out
standing alumnus Of Augsburg
College at the school in Mime
apolis.
Mr.. Nordberg. a trustee Of
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20
NEW YORK'S I
wv SCHOOL BOARD

recently rocked New York
city entirely appointed
different prestige integrity
in designed to keep it of that caliber.
One of the Negro-a Judge
Jews Three Catholics EpscopaIan
thinker suggests possible again give weight
race and religion but political complexion and residence lineup
the board mixed reaurng
Most Of ALL however the high standing qualifications of
better day New York city school administration Milwaukee
JOURNAL.
MIGRATION HURTS SOUTH
Segregatonists the south
of southern Negroes the north but they the
Raleigh CNC) Observer that
Negro
The simple that people people and the loss them
North Carolina lost political power the nation and customers at
migrating Negroes paper points voting
Negroes
of Worse from North Cardinals standpoint they represent
consumption
trek north by both whites and Negroes is "a vote against faith the
possibilities and opportunities of North Carolina Milwaukee
JOURNAL
MEMPHIS SCHOOL DEsEGREGATTON
Memphis city which said Never has begun
peaceful desegregaon What
significant Memphis did without awaiting final decree from the
We in a twinge
qualification did indeed teach
be excusng the
tragedy desegegaon troubles that ee
Memphis
cheering Little Rock But yesterday the
Memphis Commercial Appeal said editorialy
peace Let Memphis continue
problems little Rocky
GAZETTE.
Memphis in Atlanta and elsewhere community
showing determination to do what they must
wrenchng tearing effects of violence community %
welfare Memphis wants trouble
shouldn't have Nashville TENN
ESSEAN.
REGARDLESS RACE COLOR OR COLLEGE
Republican up Jersey put his for sale to
college graduates from any school except Harvard
college has got to stop Perhaps
Kennedy and Atty Gen Robert Kennedy Har
BOTH will set post the federal government to
to it.
suitable Harvard can be found to fill
the job-AtIanta CONSTITUTION.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

party, in what was called a Gland
estine and dangerous scheme to
kill President Nkrumah and over
throw the government. There had
been no charges made to indicate
that foreign interests might be in
volved or that the government
held suspicious to this effect.
Among those arrested are Joe APP
piah, DR.. J. B. Danquah and Vic
tor Owusu, all prominent lawyers
and leaders of the United Party.
MEANWHILE, in the Republic
of Chad, the president of the Ma
tional Assembly, Ahmed Kotoko,
was arrested and expelled from
the country. He was accused of
plotting to kill President Francois
Tombalbaye and overthrow the
government. Kotoko, after being
placed under house arrest, was
transferred to Faya Largeau, in
the extreme north of the country,
and then expelled to neighboring
CAMERON Republic, where he was
born. Abo Nassour, interior min
lister, said "Kotoko and his &C
completes were determined to stop
at nothing to satisfy their GRIM
inal ambition and take over from
the legitimate government"
OF COURSE, the Republic Of
Congo (Leopoldville) remains as
the classic example of what harm
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

Russian camp while studying in
London, later receiving indoctrin-
alton in Moscow. The alleged
scheme was labeled by Nigeria's
leaders as somewhat mrealistic.
In fact, Julius Mono Udochi, Nj
gerian ambassador to the US,
said the account had been repudi-
ated by the Prime Minister, Sir
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Udochi
said the so-called master plan, as
related by Anthony G. Okotcha,
81, was possibly the work Of a
young man who merely wanted
some publicity"
IN RECENT weeks, there have
been reports of attempts to over
throw the governments Of Liberia,
Ghana and Chad. Only in the case
of Liberia was the charge linked
to alleged Soviet interests. The
Liberian government announced
the arrest of 10 of its countrymen
and three foreigners and said it
had a conclusive case" against
man named Booker T. Bracewell,
who is still being, sought. The
same man was sentenced to death
in 1855 on a charge of trying to
assassinate President William v.
S. Tubman. Bracewell was par
doned by Tubman in 1857.
THE GHANA government has
arrested so persons, including top
leaders of the Opposition United
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

of his brother had he not been in
the states when his father, the
former king, died in 1928. Prince
Nyabongo is also a cousin of the
Kabaka.
AS he guided me on my rounds
in the city, women would fall to
their knees and bow and men, with
feet together and hands clasped in
front of them, would bow low upon
encountering him.
Once when the Prince and I
were relaxing in my room at the
Imperial hotel, there came a rap
on the door. I bid the caller to
enter. A young well dressed young
woman, whom 1 later learned is a
nurse, came in, saw Nyabongo,
rushed over and dropped to her
knees. She was from Toro, the
province where Nyabongo's broth
CT AulCS dIIu BIC lldu LlCdIu IIIdI IlC
was in the hotel and came to pay
her respects.
The social revolution that is
underway here poses a conflict for
not only Nyabongo but others like
him who have been educated
abroad and intellectually, at least,
believe in the democratic processes
and the equality of all men.
However, as a member of the
royal family, he is bound by tradi-
ton to accept these tributes of re-
spect. To do otherwise would be an
insult to his brother, the king, to
whom even he must bow.
When Nyabongo and I met
Prince Lincoln Ndoula, the brother
of the Kabaka, neither bowed to
the other. They just shook hands.
But whatever the problems of
Uganda, they are not as grave as
those which face the Africans of
Kenya and with intelligent leader
ship, there is every reason to be-
ieve there can be an amicable SOL
ution and eventual independence.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

told me that he is expecting to re-
turn to America in December at
the invitation of Archbishop Sheen.
A third disturbing element is
the question of the kings.
Some politicians with whom I
discussed the state of affairs In
Uganda declared that the success
Of Kiwanuka and his party at the
polls lit holds 70 percent of the
sects in the counciD was not a
true indication of the sentiment Of
the people because the Kabaka had
ordered his people not to vote.
They claimed that the people
obeyed out of fear, but that is not
wholly true. The Kabuka and the
other four kings are part of the
tradition of these people and they
respect them not so much out of
fear, but because of an ingrained
belief that their rulers are divinely
chosen.
Ironically, neither the Kabaka
nor the other kings assembled to
their thrones through seniority,
but as the result of elections.
From among the male heirs Of
a king, the royal clan votes on a
successor. But once chosen, how
ever, he has absolute authority.
One of my most fortunate en-
counters on my arrival here was
with Prince Akiki Nyabongo of
Toro who was in the United States
from 1924 until his return to his
native land five years ago.
Many will recall him as a men,
Der of the faculty at Alabama
State college and Langston univ
ersity. He has a wife and two chill
dren in New York whom he plans
to bring here when he goes to the
States in December.
Prince Nyabongo is the brother
of 1t. George David Kamurasi
Rulidi III, Rulirabasaija, the
Omulama Of Toro, and himself
might have been the king instead
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

and bad? His bad white man could
walk right out of Uncle Toms
Cabin" AS if to compound the
irony, he has created Gitlow judi
son, a fat, smiling old Negro who
carries out the ritual of being an
Uncle Tom with a sly and hilarious
obsequiousness.
Tender Duet
There is a wonderful scene in
which OF Cap'n, outraged because
his son, Charley, is too friendly
to the Supreme Court, decides to
prove that his "darkies' love the
way they are treated. He causes
Gitlow to stand and raise his right
hand, and he firse a series of rhe-
torical questions as the beaming
Negro agrees with every one of
the Cap'n's convictions about race
relations. Then the two join in
tender duet of "OP Black joe"
as OF Cap'n mods blissfully and
Gitlow snirks like a child caught
with his fist in the cookie jar.
1t is the Negro characters whom
Davis has brought to life with
freshness and vitality, as if for the
first time they were being pre-
sented from the inside. He has
turned this trick with another feat
of writing legerdemain. For he has
started, even in their case, with
stereotypes - the Bible-spouting
spell-binder, the nanny, the slow
witted, drawing drudge and the
Uncle Tom. But these figures in
creasingly take on the warmth of
individuality, until you hate to
leave their company.
In Purle Victorious Davis has
written himself as fat a part as
any actor could wish. He struts
and chants his incantations to the
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

coming of freedom. And in his final
scene, when he stands at his own
pulpit in Big Bethel, he sums up
the meat of the Negroes desire to
live and let live with a glowing
and touching humanity.
Ruby Dee, who is Davis's wife,
has also been treated generously.
AS Lutiebelle, the seemingly back
ward girl, she has enough charm
and humor to make one envy Pur-
lie Victorious that she is his eager
disciple. Godfrey M. Cambridge
brings a genial shrewdness to the
scraping, bowling Gitlow. Sorren
Booke as OF Cap'n roars and rants
with delightful fury. Helen Martin
does the nanny bit with know
ing comic touch.
Ben Edwards sets depict-and
comment on - this corner of the
south. Howard Da Silva has staged
the play with the fluidity and Wig
or of an expansive folk tale.
And rambunctious folk tale it
is. The Negro laughs at himself.
''Whatsa matter with running?"
demands Gitlow. Running eman-
cipated more Negroes than Abe
Lincoln" The Negro also shouts
his insistence on his rights. I'VE
want our cut of the Constitution"
Cries Purlie, mot in a teaspoon but
with a shovel"
"Purie Victorious" will do as
much to bring that about as a
grim grafton, and it won't let you
wipe that grin off your face.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20

outside interests bring into an
African nation already faced with
the problems Of new nationhood.
Speaking as one whose interests
in Africa are continent-wide, it is
my hope that African leaders will
be careful not to let foreign in
terests and propaganda artists
create internal strife within their
respective countries. Also, it is
hoped that African nations will be
on guard to counter attempts to
divide them and stir up ill will.
African unity is paramount to
African success in the world of the
future.
WHILE MOST of the world is
wondering about Jomo Kenyatta's
role in Kenya politics, the recent
ly released nationalist leader is
making headlines on the domestic
scene. Kenyatta's third wife,
Ngina, is expecting a baby within
the next few weeks. Kenyatta and
his wife recently visited the Aga
Khan hospital in Nairobi, where
Kenyatta said he was very i'm
pressed with the facilities. His
wife will be taken to the hospital
for the delivery.
A TOP-LEVEL get-together of
African and European trade union
leaders in Southern Rhodesia is
likely to take place soon to thrash
out differences of opinion and prob
lens. Leading officials of both the
Southern Rhodesian African Trade
Union Congress and the Federal
Trade Union Congress have now
confirmed that they are willing to
attend a meeting that is being
arranged through the headquart-
ers of the International Confeder-
alton of Free Trade Unions in Eur
ope. In what has been called a
demonstration of good faith, the
Federal TUG has proposed that a
West Indian official Of the ICF-
TIL, T. Kelly, should be chairman
of the meeting.
THE ROMAN Catholic Church
in Eastern Nigeria will take
strong measures against its men,
bers found running night clubs,
according to the Rev. DR.. Charles
Heerey, archbishop of Onitsha and
head of the Catholic church in
Eastern Nigeria. The archbishop
described happenings in the night
clubs as "scandaIous" and said his
church is considering how to deal
with any Catholic found running a
night club. In another matter, he
said the church had completed
plans to establish a specialist hos
pitaI in Eastern Nigeria and was
only waiting approval from the
regional ministry Of health.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1961-10-20
Mboyu Reps Lack OF African
Unity; Says Foreign
Nations Cannot Be BIumed

Adds Ababa, Ethiopia amp
Tom Mboya, Kenya African leader,
said here last week that foreign
nations are not to blame for lack
of unity among Africans.
Mboya, secretary-general of the
Kenya African National Union
party, said: THE problem of Afri-
can unity rests in the hands of the
African peoples alone"
II do not believe it realistic to
blame somebody outside. We should
look hard at ourselves"