davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-09-30

tional Middle East long after he
is gone.
The Egyptian leader may be
banking on the chance that the
Syrians will return and seek
some kind of union-as they
did in 1858 when the UAR was
formed-with more local au-
tonomy than Mr.. NaSSer had
granted before the revolution
Nowhere In his speech did Mr.
Kuzbari specifically say that
Syria is withdrawing from the
UAR or proclaiming itself inde-
pendent. although his actions
amounted to that.
He spoke of strengthening
the Arab League with other
member states" ard before 60
ing on the air he called in
members of the foreign con-
sular corps in Damascus to
tell them that Syria wants to
establish diplomatic relations
with all friendly countries
Syria relinquished it's inde-
pendent diplomatic status-and
its seat in the United Nations
to the UAR when the merger
took place.
| United States officials in
Washington adopted a go-slow
attitude until they see how the
new regime performs. They
also want to retain friendly re-
lationS with Mr.. Nasser.
Serraj's Role Mystery
The Beirut newspaper A
Hayat, meanwhile, reported
that 1t. Col. Abdel Hamid Ser.
raj. onetime Syrian Strongmar
and UAR vice president who
resigned just before the revolu-
ton, has been arrested ir
Damascus.
The report was attributed tC
highly reliable sources ir
Damascus, where the paper has
good contacts.
AL Hayat said Mr.. Serial,
resignation from the Nassel
cabinet gave the leaders o1
the revolution the opportunity
to carry out the movement,
although they opposed Mr.
Serraj.
The role Of the former Syriar
intelligence chief has been one
of the mysteries in the revolu.
tion. Many believed he had q
hand in it, for Mr.. Serraj flew
back to Damascus only two
days before the revolution
Started.
-. But Al Hayat said the rea'
military leaders were six officers
dismissed by Mr.. Nasser on the
first day of the revolt-Brig
Abdul Ghani Dahman, Brig
Mowafak Assafa, Col. Abdu,
Karin Mahlawwi, Col. Heidal
Kuzbar, Col. Hassib Hindi anc
Col. Hisham Abed Rabbo.
Al Hayat said the officer.
had been planning a revolt fol
some time but had hesitateo
about carrying it out because
of Mr.. Serraj's tight security
controls in Syria.
Evening star., 1961-09-30

currency and restore the coun-
try's financial position.
Mr.. Kuzbari said the govern
ment will restore individual
freedom and freedom of the
press, abolish emergency laws,
strengthen the Syrian army,
increase the rights Of labor
unions, work to improve the
conditions of peasants and
boost prosperity through trade
and economic measures.
Landowners Unhappy
Landowners also are unhappy
at Mr.. Nasser's land reforms,
and Syria's traditionally free
wheeling merchants have been
chatting under his strict eco
nomic controls, with policy
dictated mainly from Cairo.
With such support, it re-
mains to be seen what kind
Of democracy Mr.. Kuzbari has
in mind and whether he can
maintain it against Syria's
additionally strong socialist
and leftist elements. Mr.. Kuz-
bari first rose to political power
early in the 1950s as a protege
of a military dictator, Col. Adib
Shishekly. and served in a
parliament representing the
nations wealthy interests.
While conceding the defeat
on the military field, Mr.. Nasser
may not give up so quickly in
the political realm. He told a
rally in Cairo yesterday: I'VE
lost some battles, but the final
result was always the principles
for which we fought"
May Expect Return
Mr.. NasSer had yielded for
the time being with a decision
to pull back Egyptian army,
navy and air forces dispatched
to Syria and avoid a fight that
could leave scars in the emo
Evening star., 1961-09-30
TAMMANY

Continued From First Page
and democratic in principle
and action.
For more than three decades
after its inception, Tammany
represented the middle-class
opposition to the power of the
aristocratic party. Toward the
end of this period it lost it's ma
tional character and became
intimately identified with New
York politics.
AS early as 1906 revelations OF
widespread corruption of Tam
many chiefs resulted in re-
moval of the. comptroller, su-
perintendent of the aims house
the inspector of bread and 9TH
erS.
At first, naturalized Irish
immigrants we're prohibited
from holding membership in
the organization but the Tam
many bosses later were forced
to relent and accept them.
Martin Van Buren,, Grand
Sachem of Tammany, was
elected President of the United
States in 1886 and the clubs
prestige began to rise.
Probably the most famous OF
Tammany leaders was William
M. (Boss) Tweed - credited
with initiating complete Tam
many boss control in 1868.
Corruption hit a peak in the
city under Tweed's Tammany
leadership and records set the
city loss at upwards of 5000
million. Tweed died in Jail.
1t was in that era of the
1860s and '70s that Tammany
became known throughout the
world as a synonym for cor
ruption.
Shortly after that Tammany
began a move to clean up its
leadership. But the efforts
met with short-lived successes,
fell to utter defeat and rose
UP again meekly.
During the administration of
Mayor Fiorello La Guardia,
from 1884 to 1945, Tammany
power and prestige was low
Many Democratic groups openly
broke with the Hall and re-
pudiated its leadership.
Then followed a succession
of Tammany leaders. each
pledging to clean up the Hall.
But the public wasn't buying
However, in 1945, Tammany
Hall turned out a heavy vote
for William O,Dwyer in his
successful bid for election as
Mayor. Mr.. ODwyer fought
for control of Tammany but
lost.
In 1949 Mr.. DeSapio won
control of the organization
and led it until his custer this
month.
To the end, Mr.. DeSapio
denied he had exerted the old
time boss" influence over
Tammany and repeatedly ac-
cused Mayor Wagner of lying
about his leadership.
Evening star., 1961-09-30
CALIFORNIA
Continued From First Page

COnLlnueu FROM fIrSL rage
phone call last September 7 by
a wealthy Republican friend of
Mr.. Nixon's.
After Mr.. Knight issued his
statement Thursday, Mr.. Nixon
was unavailable for comment
but Robert Finch, Mr.. Nixon's
1860 campaign m ana ger,
termed Mr.. Knights report
totally preposterous."
Democratic Gov. Edmund G.
Brown, expected to seek re-
election, suggested Mr.. Nixon
withdraw if Mr.. Knights
charges are true. He termed the
alleged offer of a judicial post
"the most shocking political
scandal in the history of the
State"
State Democratic Co-Chair-
man Roger Kent requested a
State bar investigation.
Then Mr.. Nixon counter-at-
tackled yesterday. In a state
ment telephoned to reporters by
aides in his law office, Mr.. Nix
on said:
"Mr. Knights charge that an
unnamed individual represent
ing me offered him a job to stay
out of the race for Governor is
false and libelous on its face.
II demand that Mr.. Knight
and every newspaper and tele-
vision and radio station which
carried this charge publish a
retraction.
Il have never made any prom
ises of any kind to Knight or
any other individuals to keep
them out of the race for Gov
ernor.
And no promises or deals of
any kind will be made in the
future to get anybody out OF
this or any other race"
Hits at Democrats
Mr.. Nixon also fired at Dem
ocrats, criticizing what he
termed "the shameless way
Brown and his associates have
been using appointments to
judgeships and other State
offices in their crude attempt
to impose Tammany boss rule
on the people of California"
Two other r epublica IN S
jumped in. Mayor George
Christopher of San Francisco,
a Nixon man and possible can
didate for Lieutenant Governor
said at a, news conference, Mr.
Knight had a "fanatical obSes-
sion against the Republican
Party" He said Mr.. Knight
seems to want to help the
Democrats.
/ Assemblyman Joseph Shell
of Los Angeles, another guber-
material aspirant, asserted some
G. o. P. officials had "sug-
gested" he drop out of the
primary. He said he's in the
race to stay.
Evening star., 1961-09-30
c. R. Ross Is Sworn
. To u. S. Power Unit
BY the Associated Press

BY IHt hssOCIdItu PTtsS
Charles R. Ross, former
chairman of the Vermont Pub
lie Service Commission, was
sworn in yesterday as a men,
ber of the Federal Power Com
mission.
Mr.. Ross is the fourth ap-
pointee of President Kennedy
to take a seat on the five-mem-
Der commission since early sum-
mer. He is a Republican and
succeeds the late Frederick
Stuck, who died July Is.
Evening star., 1961-09-30

developing battle with former
Gov. Goodwin j. Knight in the
Republican race for Governor
But there was open concern
over how the intra-party
squabble would affect Repub-
lican chances in the State.
Mr.. Nixon himself was due
here today to address delegates
from Is Western States. 1t
will be his first public appear
ance since the 1860 G. o. P.
presidential candidate an
nounced he will seek the Cali
fornia governorship.
50-Seat Gain Seen
Representative Wilson, Re-
publican of California, chair
man of the Republican Con-
gressional Campaign Commit
tee, talked of a 50-seat gain
for the G. o. P. in 1862 con-
gressional elections, including
a pickup of eight districts in
California and six to eight in
Southern States. This would
overturn Democratic control OF
the House.
Mr.. Wilson said Mr.. Nixon
would be Of great help IN his
home States campaign-pro-
vided he wins his own primary
contest.
The present congressional
lineup in California favors the
Democrats 1914. Eight addi-
tional congressman will be
elected next year in the State
as a result of population gains.
Mr.. Wilson said he expects
former President Eisenhower to
campaign in California next
year-but not until after the
June primary showdown.
Nationally, Mr.. Wilson said,
he sensed a Republican sweep
equal to 1946.
THE election of a Repub-
lican Congress will be the first
opportunity for the people to
express a vote of 'no-confi-
dence' in the Kennedy admin
istration," he said in o speech
last night.
In another development, Sen
ator Goldwater, Republican OF
Arizona, a leader of the Repub-
lican right wing, acted to halt
a stop Kuchel" movement
against Senator Kuchel, Repub-
lican of California, who is
aligned with party progress
SiveS.
Senator Goldwater told Cali
fornias delegates before leav-
ing yesterday that he would
campaign for Senator Kuchel's
reelection next year. Repre-
sentative Rousselot, Republican
of California, an avowed men,
Der of the John Birch Society,
has indicated he might oppose
Senator Kuchel. Mr.. Rousselot
represents Mr.. Nixon's old
district in Eastern Los Angeles
County.
Former Representative Pat
rick j. Killings, who succeeded
Mr.. Nixon in Congress in 1850,
Joined other Californians here
in defending Mr.. Nixon against
attacks by Mr.. Knight.
Mr.. Killings, Southern Cali
fornia campaign chairman for
Mr.. Nixon in the last presiden-
tial campaign. told a reporter
he sat in on the meetings pre-
Evening star., 1961-09-30
Panel Discussion

The Prince Georges County
Council for Social Studies will
meet at 7:45 pm. Thursday at
the Ray Elementary School,
Ray road and New Hampshire
avenue, Takoma Park. A panel
discussion will be held on pop
ulation control.
Evening star., 1961-09-30
POLICY

OOnGlnue0 from F1FSt rage
aides of the two Western min
listers think Soviet Premier
Khrushchev now understands
that he runs a grave risk of
plunging the world into war
if he overplays his hand.
2. Mr.. RuSk has tried to dis
cover whether Mr.. Khrushchev
is willing to agree to a broad
basis for formal negotiations on
Berlin, including questions such
as Germany's future and Euro
pean security. If he is, an
East-West foreign ministers
conference in November or De-
cember seems certain. But
Mr.. Gromyko up to now has
shed very little light on Soviet
plans and intentions in this
respect.
%. By raising questions about
RusSia's Berlin policy, Mr.. RuSk
and Lord Home have sought to
explore the possibilities for sue
cess of a foreign ministers con-
ference. In essence, they want
to know whether Mr.. Khru-
Shchev is willing to compromise
or whether he intends to dictate
the terms of a settlement.
Repeats Stated Policy
Mr.. Gromyko's usual practice
in the talks, Western inform
ants say. has been to base his
replies to almost all questions
on publicly stated Soviet policy.
Thus he has reaffirmed his gov
ernment's plan to sign a peace
treaty with Communist East
Germany by the end Of the
year. He also has insisted that
the treaty will give East Ger
many control over the territory
of West Berlin and the supply
lines, surface and air, which
run between the city and West
Germany.
On the claim of sovereignty
for East Germany, Mr.. Gro
myko is said to have argued
that troops stationed in Berlin
after the treaty is signed should
be there by agreement with
the East German government.
This Soviet argument runs di-
rectly contrary 70 the Western
position that the troops are
in Berlin by right of World
War II conquest and their con-
tinued presence is not subject
to negotiation.
Mr.. Khrushchev's ultimate
objective is complete with
drawal Of the Western forces.
But he has talked publicly
about the allies remaining in
Berlin under some new ar
rangement by which Soviet
forces also would be introduced
into the Western sector Of the
city. Mr.. Khrushchev has also
said he would agree to let
United Nations forces garri-
son in West Berlin.
Proposals Unacceptable
United States officials said
none Of these proposals is ac-
ceptable. The Soviets have al
ready taken over East Berlin
completely although the whole
city is supposed to be treated
as a unit.
United States officials said
Mr.. KhruShchev's proposal to
introduce Soviet troops into
the Western sector is a prime
example of his negotiating tech
nique which they sum up as
what's mine is mine, what's
yours is negotiable"
The Western powers are
understood to have indicated
to Russia that the access is
sue may be negotiable so long
as the basic rights of access
are not impaired. That simply
means that the West, as part
of any overall settlement,
probably would be willing to
recognize East German au-
thority in the operation of
the supply lines. but It would
not recognize any East Ger
man rights to interfere with
the flow of traffic.
Evening star., 1961-09-30
SYRIA
Military Group Dissolved,
Egyptians Ordered Out

the normal functions of defend
ing the country"
He promised "a true and
democratic life for Syria" and
said he would lead the country
within four months to a con-
stitutional stage" He did not
elaborate.
Mr.. Kuzbari pledged that his
all-civilian government, COM
posed mostly of technicians
and specialists, will prove it
self true to the aims and sup
port of the people" This ap-
parently was a reference to
elections.
Mr.. Kuzbari also touched on
what appeared to be the prime
impetus behind the revolution
increasing Egyptian domina-
ton of Syria. He complained
that Egypt had made Syria a
junior partner, in the UAR
and "Liquidated loyal (Syrian)
nationalist elements, especially
in the army"
Transitory Period
The Premier said the mill
tary had designated his gov
ernment to run the nation dur
ing a "transitory period"
In the merger with Egypt
he said, Syria tried to "lay
down the foundations of true
Arab unity. Syria made a sac
rifice and sought no material
gain"
Without ever mentioning Mr..
Nasser by name, he said the
leaders Of the union went astray
and refused to listen to the
appeals of Syria to rectify the
situation and establish equality
between the two countries
this led to this Arab revolu-
tionary movement"
Dictatorial rule led to a de-
terioratiorT of the economic
situation, he said, but the
new government will try to
strengthen Syria's sagging
Evening star., 1961-09-30
EorIy Feuding CooIs
Optimism. in 6. O. P.

SUN VALLEY Idaho, Sept. 80 (AP)-Californias early
outbreak of Republican feuding tempered G. o. P optimism
today prospects for major political gains in the West
next year.
Party leaders from California Republican Western
Conference lined up behind Richard NJ Nixon in his fast
Evening star., 1961-09-30
"ExpIOiters" Feared

EXPLORERS FearcU
Radio stations in Damascus
and Aleppo broadcast pleas to
Syrians to stop staging demon
strations in support of the
revolt. They warned that
continued excitement might
allow exploiters to infiltrate
their ranks"
The warning was broadcast
repeatedly through this morn
ing. The messages indicated
Syria's new leaders feared
demonstrations might get out
of hand-or be turned against
the. new government by agents
from Cairo.
The Lebanese-Syrian border
was still closed, but life ap-
peared moving back toward
normal in the country.
Telephone communications.
shut off when the revolt
started, were reopened, and a
flood of calls choked the lines.
Damascus radio also broad
cast. a word of friendship for
Egypt in its morning program.
Syria extends it's hand to
sister Egypt to strengthen the
aim of the Arab nation on the
basis of freedom and equality.
We are ready any time to ac-
conplish this" said an an
nouncer.
This was not an official state
ment, but was made by a COM
mentator between musical pro-
grams. ,. T
Mission Finished
Mr.. Kuzbari, with a reputa-
tion as a brilliant lawyer and a
political history of support from
Syria's right wing of merchants
and landowners, announced
that the revolutionary COM
mand has finished it's mission
at this point and returned to
Evening star., 1961-09-30
SYRIA

Continued From First Page
regret at the revolution and
hope the dispute could be set
tied peacefully.
Evening star., 1961-09-30

Highest, 95 on September 8.
Lowest, 4, on February 2.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-29
LET TE R S

30. why are you vomiting?
Pull yourself together and get
to work.")
He wants us to get to work
quickly-for after the first nu-
clear war there are more fol-
lowing-half a dozen at least by
1875. No time for vomiting.
What strange beings does he
think will survive what pos
sible inducement, what hope for
the future can inspire the sur
vivors to get ready for even the
second holocaust in the series?
Or will we be mere automatons
obeying some dictator whose
stomach is extra-strong?
But let's not waste any time
worrying about the second nu-
clear war-we must hurry and
get ready for the first.
Yours truly,
Irving F. Laucks
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-29
AT THE THEATRES

years ago - an orphan boy who
was noisy, $50 they cut out its
tongue), and lascivious, ESQ they
amputated his hands and penis)
and who finally had the temer-
ity to die on them. Mommy and
Daddy demand satisfaction"
Fortunately, along comes
the American Dream, the or
phan boys twin brother. This
young man is beautiful and
emotionless and has only his
body to sell. At the suggestion
of wise old Grandma, Mommy
and Daddy adopt him.
If one does not take Albee in
complete seriousness - and one
had better not - this is an ex-
tremely funny play. The humor
springs from the bald display of
American mores as if they were
reality. Fortunately, we are
hyprocritical enough not to
take too seriously our moral
cliches, our political mouthings,
and our puritanical impreca-
tons. Albee, skillfully exposes
some of the cliches so that we
can laugh-uneasily-at them.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-29
The Petal Rpe.

THE PETAL PAPER: Printed on
Thursday of every other week by THE
SOUTHERN FARMER. INC, Mont
gomery. Ala
Published by East Publications Co.,
Box 349, Hattiesburg. Miss.
Entered as second class matter at
the Post Office at Petal, Mississippi.
under Act of March s, 1879.
RE-ENTERED AT MONTGOMERY,
ALA.
Second class postage paid at Mont
RETURN FORMS 357e TO: THE
PETAL PAPER. BOX 349. HATT1ES-
BURG, MISS.
p d. East Editor & Publisher
SUBSCRIPTIONS
Six Months ------------------$$s.o0
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-29
Birchers
Continued from Page u

terrupted his reading to accuse
them of heckling. 81 know these
tricks" he said. On another oc-
casion, when an usher was
looking for a doctor to deliver
an emergency message, Mr..
WEIGH became quite perturbed
until he knew what the man
was about, and said, "This is a
typical sneaky com m u n t
trick"
Is the John Birch Society a
good channel of expression for
people of conservative political
views? / am not concerned with
Mr.. WEIGH because of his ad-
vocacy of the conservative
viewpoint, but rather with the
context of its espousal. have
read Senator Barry Goldwater's
very eloquent statement, Con-
science of a Conservative. You
need not agree with all of these
ideas, you may not agree with
any of them, but when you read
them, you have the feeling that
Mr.. Goldwater is still in dia-
logue with you, that his differ
ences with you as well as his
agreements are within the pat
tern of American thought, that
his ideas about unions respon-
sibility, or about states rights,
or about the United Nations,
are ideas based on SCUM d
thought, ideas about which men
ought to debate and argue.
But not with Mr.. WEIGH. For
him the discussion is over.
There is no arguing with him.
His are no longer ideas; they
are fanatic fears. His is no
drive for an IDEAL but a poorly
concealed bid for personal pow
er.
There are in this nation of
ours great numbers of legiti-
mate channels for the express
sion of anti-communist ideas
and action, legitimate channels
for the expression of conserva-
tive political views. There are
dozens of decent organizations
led by level-headed and loyal
Americans to join and become
part of which will be OPP
posing communism and teaching
true Americanism long after
Mr.. WEIGH and his John Birch
Society will have passed into
oblivion.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1961-06-29
THE AMERICAN DREAM
& THE DEATH OF BESSIE

SMITH.
Two short plays by Edward
Albee
The Death of Bessie Smith is
q narrowing one-actor based on
callous episode that actually oc-
CURED in Memphis. An all
white hospital let the great
blues singer, Bessie Smith,
bleed to death after an auto
mobile accident. "Cool your
heels, Niger" dangerously re-
marked the reception nurse to
Bessie's boyfriend who rushed
in seeking emergency aid.
Albee has an extraordinary
ear for the cadences of truth
and his dialogue cuts and il
Eliminates even as it makes us
laugh. He weaves into the short
dramatization near perfect
vignette of a vicious nurse. This
hysterical Southern Belle COW
ers her vacuity by tormenting a
clever Negro orderly, and tan
talizing a young intern, excited
by her sexual provocations.
With simple, clean dialogue Al
been makes us feel the inhu-
manity, the indecency that may
permeate a culture based on
false inequality.
The American Dream is
sardonic tragedy on another
level. Here Albee describes
Mommy and Daddy and Grand
ma who they keep threatening
to put away. They have invited
society lady to visit. The lady,
it transpires, sold them an "un-
satisfactory" child, twenty