davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1961-11-26
The Question

This matter of possible self
incrimination is one which the
Supreme Court did not answer in
its June ruling against the Reds.
1t may now have to face this
question squarely:
May an individual be required
to register as a member of an
organization designated an arm
of the Soviet government when
by doing so he may supply the
Justice Department with evidence
on which he could be convicted
under the Smith Act?
The Smith Act makes it a crime
to be an active member of the
Communist Party, knowing its
purpose to be the violent over
throw of the United States Gov
ernment.
The Justice Department, after
the Monday deadline passed,
warned the Reds it would pros
ecute. But it was in no great
hurry. 1t indicated it would wait
at least until November 80, to see
whether the officers sign up. 1t
may even hold off action until
the third and final deadline-the
one for rank-and-file members.
For each day the party fails to
register it is subject to a fine of
up to $4,000. For each day the
officers and members fail, they
are subject to the same fine and
jail term of five years. Esti-
mates of the number of Commu-
mist Party members today runs
anywhere from 1000 to 10000.
Evening star., 1961-11-26

capital Of Germany, united under
a system of free elections.
Pending unification, the Bonn
government economically and
militarily has aligned itself with
the West. The Western powers,
recognizing the strength of
united Germany, have hoped that
Bonn's NATO bonds would be re-
tanned when and if Germany is
united.
The United States, Great Brit
ain, and France have fully sup
ported West Germany's unifica-
ton plans. The mass westward
exodus of East Germans in recent
years has led officials to the con-
clusion that if given the oppor-
tunity, Germans would vote for a
pro-Western policy.
The Soviet Union has also rec
ognized this fact, and has stead
fastly refused to allow unification
under any sort of elf-determina-
ton scheme. Instead, Mr.. Khru-
shchev has argued that Germany
is divided, and separate peace
treaties should be signed to ac-
knowledge this.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
NucIeur Test

On October 81, 1858, the United
States, Great Britain and the
Soviet Union met at Geneva to
discuss a treaty banning nuclear
weapons tests.
The Russians exploded nuclear
devices on November and 8, and
as far as is known, those were the
last nnclear explosions until the
Soviet Union resumed testing last
September.
Unlike the more complex issues
involved in disarmament, pros
poets for a nuclear test ban
treaty have always been good. 1t
is relatively easy to police such
treaty, and means for detec-
ton have been developed to
high degree.
In fact, many observers in the
United States felt that during the
Eisenhower administration the
Soviet Union sincerely wanted a
treaty, but the United States was
dragging its feet.
When President Kennedy took
Evening star., 1961-11-26
New Proposals

Arthur Dean was sent to
Geneva last March with a new
set of proposals aimed at meeting
Soviet objections. Suddenly, how
ever, the Soviet Union demanded
that the impartial administrator
needed to supervise the treaty be
replaced by a tripartite admin
istrative board-a so-called "tro-
ika."
This "troika" was unacceptable
to the West, and successfully
blocked adoption of a treaty. Mr..
Khrushchev then proposed that
the whole test ban talks be
merged into stalemated discus
sions on general disarmament.
President Kennedy objected, stat
ing that the two issues should
be considered separately.
Increased tension over Berlin
last summer prompted many Con-,
greSSmen to demand that the
United States resume nuclear
testing.
Mr.. Kennedy refused to break
the three-year moratorium, how
ever, arguing that the loss in
world prestige would not be worth
the scientific knowledge gained.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
As Free City

West Berlin, he has said, should
become a free city, the occupation
rights of the allies should be
ended.
The present Berlin crisis stems
from Mr.. Khrushchev's threat to
turn West Berlin's access routes
over to the East Germans if the
West refuses to recognize East
Germany's sovereignty.
If the West recognizes East Ger
many, however, Mr.. Khrushchev
has promised to guarantee the ac-
cess routes in advance of any
peace treaty.
American and British policy
makers have decided that rather
than be faced with a military
showdown over the access routes,
talks should be held with the Rus
slams to see if negotiations are
possible without sacrificing the
Vests vital interests in Berlin.
Inc Frencn nave argued, now
ever, that negotiations play into
the Russians hands. President de
Gaulle is known to believe that
Mr.. Khrushchev does not want
war, and that a hard stand by the
West would deter the Russians
from any aggressive move. Nego-
tiations, he believes, would en-
courage them to believe the West
is soft" and might provoke a war.
The West Germans - directly
concerned by the criSis-have gen.
orally backed the French, fearing
that the United States and Great
Britain might recognize East Ger
many in an effort to avoid war.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Communists:
Dotted Line

The Communist Party, USA,
failed to meet the Monday mid
night deadIine for registering
under the Internal Security Act.
The Justice Department prom
ised to prosecute.
It took more than 10 years Of
litigation through Federal agen-
cies and courts for the Govern
ment to bring the Communist
Party to book under the Internal
Security Act.
Last June, the Supreme Court
upheld the law, which requires,
under stiff penalties of fines and
Jail terms, the organization, its
leaders and its members to regis
ter with the Justice Department.
On Monday at midnight a dead
line passed. The party refused to
register. The next deadline, on
Thursday. is for the party's Off
GERS. Then, on or before December
20, individual members must sign
up. Few observers believe the Reds
will do so.
A new, and perhaps long-drawn-
out fight, is thus in prospect in
the courts. And Government VIC
tory is far from assured.
The defense offered by attor-
neys for the Communists is that
their clients would be subject to
Standardization in violation of
their rights under the Fifth
Amendment if they registered.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
On Unificotion

If East Germany is recognized
as a sovereign state, it would mean
that any future unification of
Germany would have to be ac-
complished on Soviet terms alone.
And these terms would most Ger
tainly include a looseping of
Bonn'S ties to the West.
Mr.. Kennedy invited Chancellor
Adenauer to Washington last week
to discuss unified Western policy
toward Berlin and Germany and
to dispel Bonn's fears about ne
gotiations.
The final communique stated
that there was substantial una
nimity of view both on the sub
stance Of the problems and how to
deal with them"
Mr.. Kennedy assured the Ger
man leader that the United States
would not recognize East Ger
many'S sovereignty, and promised
that the United States would in
sist on the rights of the occupa-
tion powers in Berlin at any con-
ference table.
Mr.. Adenauer promised that he
would increase Bonn's contribution
to NATO, and agreed to take part
in negotiations with the Russians
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Security:
Sh0ke-Up

The House Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee announced
on Monday the forced" res
ignatiOn of the personnel di-
rector Of the National Security
Agency. The next day the Pen
tagOn said the NSA security
director had resigned upon its
request.
The National Security Agency
is located, rather securely, at Fort
Meade, Md. 1t is one of the most
secret agencies in Government.
Like the Central Intelligence
Agency, its size, budget and scope
of operations are not public in
formation, although it is generally
assumed to be in the electronic-
intelligence gathering business.
Continued on Page d.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Kennedy Warming

President Kennedy has noticed
this swinging pendulum of pub
lie opinion, and he tried 10 days
ago to make it clear that there
is no final solution to interna-
tional problems, that people will
have to grow accustomed to the
fears and hopes generated by the
cold war.
Diplomacy and defense are not
substitutes for one another" he
said. Either alone would fail.
A willingness to resist force, un-
accompanied by a willingness to
talk, could provoke belligerence,
while a willingness to talk un-
accompanied by a willingness to
resist force, could invite disaster"
Developments last week illus
trated the fluctuations between
defense" and diplomacy" 1t
did seem clear, however. that
neither East nor West wants an
all-out war.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Ks Hints

During the summer, Mr.. Khru-
shchev dropped several hints that
the Soviet Union was about to
resume testing. The actual an
nouncement was made public on
August 80, and the Russians be-
gan their series of tests on Sep
tember /.
The nearly so atmospheric
exploSions-including a 50-mega-
ton Superbomb-cost the Soviet
Union much of the good will it
had carefully cultivated around
the world. but it also demon
Strated Soviet determination to
act regardless of world opinion
Just as it had done in Hungary.
The military significance of the
tests are not known, but pre-
Sumably it brought the Soviet
Union closer to the United States
in nuclear capability.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Hearings off

And there were two or more
subcommittees poised for hear
ings in the next few weeks, some
important, but none world-shak-
ing or headline-making. In fact,
the only inquiry which would
have kept the nearly dormant
Capitol Hill fully awake was post
poned last week until some time
in January. This was the Senate
Armed Services Subcommittee in
vestigation of the alleged "muz-
zling" of military men.
The problem of the high-rank-
ing military officer who feels COM
PEELED to voice his opinion on
politically controversial subjects
virtually all who do are to the
right" rather than left" of CEN
ter-is tied to the growing debate
over the increasing outspokenness
and activity of the radical right"
and the countercharges against
"left wingers" who allegedly set
our foreign policy.
Last week, former President
Eisenhower entered the debate
with a voice loud and clear.
Answering questions over a Ma
tion-wide television hookup, the
five-star General asserted that
I'VE need patriotism" but not
uper-patriots." He advised mill
tary men to shun partisan poll
tics, declaring:
"I believe the Army officer, the
Navy officer, the Air Force officer
should not be talking about po-
Atical matters, particularly do
mestically, and never in the in
ternational field, unless he is asked
to do so because of some particular
position he might hold"
Evening star., 1961-11-26
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Fight Over Rightists
Unites Some Foctions

The debate over political ex-
tremists continued at a furious
pace last week as former Presi-
dent Eisenhower blasted what
he called "super-patriOts" and
Senator GOIdwater and others
hit at 'left wingers" in the
White House.
The accustomed lull which an
nually settles over political Wash
ington from Thanksgiving through
the ChristmaS-New Years holi-
days arrived on schedule last week.
The quiet on Capitol Hill stood
out in sharp contrast to the
frenzied Friday-after as the OPEN
ing day of the Nationwide hunt
for gifts brought jam-packed de-
partment store and shops, traf-
fic snarls and parking problems
everywhere. Most Congressman,
Of course, we're home in their dis
trictS mending political fences or
travelling (some would say jun
keting'O abroad on missions of
widely diSparate Importance.
There was, admittedly, a great
deal of speculation and some
jockeying among the House Dem
ocratic politicians over the nam
ing of their leaders for the COM
ing session.
A bit of opposition was develop
ing for Representative McCor-
mack Of Massachusetts,, the over
whelming favorite to be named
Speaker, succeeding the late Sam
Rayburn. A real battle for Mr..
McCormack's present post of Maj
ority Leader was indicated with
the announced candidates. of Rep
resentatives Albert of Oklahoma
and Boiling of Missouri.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Promise in Renewed Talks

The Soviet Union last week
accepted a United States-Brit-
ish offer to resume discussions
on a nuclear test ban treaty.
The new talks will begin i'm
Geneva this Tuesday.
The Soviet announcement CO.
ineided with the visit to Wash
ingtOn by West German Chan
cellOr KOnrad Adenauer. Mr..
Adenauer agreed with President
Kennedy that negotiations
should be held on Berlin If the
Russians show reasonable
ness"
Throughout the present Berlin
crisis, two words have dominated
the cold war scene-"defenSe" and
diplomacy"
BY their very nature, the de-
fensive steps military build-upS,
nuclear tests, and dire warnings
have increased the worlds fear
of all-out war.
q Ia b4AC OAAAbC0 ObdJCDs b4llo CO-
called hard policy" has developed
interest in fall-out shelters, in
creased the following of right
wing extremists, and caused a
general uneasiness with the nom
aligned policies of such countries
as India.
But when East and West have
seemed hopelessly divided, the
diplomats have been able to find
a quiet room somewhere to dis
cuss their differences. This has,
so far, eased tensions and
boosted hopes for peace.
1t sometimes borders on the
hopeleSsly hopeful, but the Ma
tion's psychology seems to change
with the nearness of its leaders
to the negotiating table. Thus,
in mid-September when most peo-
pie felt war could break out at
any moment, the talks between
Dean Rusk and Andrei Gromyko
seemed to reduce the war psy-
Ghosts overnight.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Joins Kennedy

Gen. EiSenhower's statement
placed him pretty much along
side President Kennedy on the
matter. On November 18, in Los
Angeles, Mr.. Kennedy, who had
earlier attacked both right" and
"left" extremists, concentrated his
fire on the far-rightists.
Citing what he called the dis
cordant voices of extremism," he
chided those who, unwilling to
face up to the dangers from with
out, are convinced that the real
danger comes from within" Then
he added:
But you and I and most Amer
leans know that it comes
from without, not within"
Another speech by Mr.. Ken
nedy, made in Salem, Mass, in
1949, when he was a junior Con-
gresham, was cited last week by
Representative Bruce, an Indiana
Republican, as an example of what
the President now calls right-wing
eXtremiSm.
Evening star., 1961-11-26

Because of the fallout danger
to health, the United States has
refused to be "blackmailed" into
testing in the atmosphere. Mr..
Kennedy, however, has made it
clear that the United States will
test when it feels it is necessary.
And under no circumstances will
it participate in another uncon-
trolled moratorium.
Mr.. Kennedy and Prime Min
lister Macmillan still believe a
nuclear test ban treaty is pos
sible, and despite the Soviet ex-
ploSions, they offered to resume
negotiations in Geneva
Evening star., 1961-11-26

the extremists on the left than
those on the right" He named
Arthur Schlesinger, jr., a special
assistant to Mr.. Kennedy, as an
extreme leftist.
Thus, the battle over the "ex-
tremists" goes on, with no let-up
in sight.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Salem Speech

In his Salem speech which, at
this point, he might like to for
get, Mr.. Kennedy said that the
failure of our policy represented
by the disaster involved in the
defeat of Nationalist China by
the Communists rested squarely
with the White House and State
Department. He added:
"At the Yalta conference in
1945, a sick Roosevelt, with the
advice of Gen. Marshall and other
Chiefs of Staff, gave the Kurile
Islands as well as the control of
various strategic Chinese ports,
such as Port Arthur and Dairen,
to the Soviet Union"
Then, after asserting that the
White House insistence on a post
war coalition government be set
up in China was a Gripping
blow" to the Nationalists, Mr..
Kennedy said:
This is the tragic story Of
China whose freedom we once
fought to preserve. What our
young men had saved our dip
lomatS and our President have
frittered away"
Evening star., 1961-11-26
The Moneuvers

Defensive" moves included:
0 Agreement by Mr.. Kennedy and
Chancellor Adenauer to strengthen
NATO's military forces in Europe.
. Continued Soviet threats to
Finnish independence.
Diplomatic" moves included:
Q Soviet willingness to negotiate
with the West on a nuclear test
ban treaty.
Q Agreement by Mr.. Kennedy and
Mr.. Adenauer that negotiations
should be held if the Russians
show "reasonableness" over Berlin.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
Berlin

The postwar policy of West Ger
many has been based on two ma
jor assumptions: The division of
Germany is only temporary, and
Berlin will some day become the
Evening star., 1961-11-26

office, the nuclear powers already
had agreed on a preamble, IT
articles, and two annexes of a
draft treaty. One of Mr.. Ken
nedy's first acts as President was
to order an extensive review of
United States policy regarding
such treaty.
Evening star., 1961-11-26
GoIdwoter View

Senator Goldwater of Arizona,
a leading, if unavowed, candidate
for the Republican presidential
nomination in 1864, also partici-
pated in last weeks debate. He
said he saw no danger in the
rightist John Birch Society, al
though its founder, Robert Welch,
was an extremist.
But the Senator, who was uues-
toned on a TV program, added:
Il am far more concerned with
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
FoVors InfernofionoI
Markets Rdfher
Than Assistance

United Nations (ANP) - M.
Issoufou Saidou Djermakoye of
Niger has emphatically suggested
to fellow delegates to the UN Cen
eral Assembly that there be Great
ed international markets for trop-
ical products.
"If Africans depend too much on
international assistance" he said,
1T is partly because of the diff
culties they experience in finding
sufficient stable markets for their
products.
Africa is not poor. 1t is a reser-
voir of raw materials for the en-
tire world. But it has only a lin
tied number of primary products
which thus have a basic role In the
commercial balance Of African
States"
He proposed that 20 African ma
tions establish and African-Mal-
agasy common market that will
serve as a middleman between the
states and international organiza-
tions that may be called upon to
finance important national or in
ternational projects"
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
Minneapolis FEPc
Director Denies Any
GroYSon Sfofemenf

A story in local Negro weekly
newspaper last week in which 1t
was reported that the Minneapolis
FEP commission had exonerated
Grayson's Dress Shop, 729 Nicollet
AV., Of racial discrimination In the
discharge of three Negro en-
ployes was denied by FEPC exec
utive director Louis Erwin this
week.
Mr.. Erwin said contrary to the
newspaper account which appeared
in the Twin City Observer no
statement had been made or auth
orized by himself or the commits
sion on the Grayson store.
Harry Phillips, store manager
was charged with making a state
ment to the effect that he intended
to replace a Negro employee with a
white person, for purely racial rea-
sons.
The Minneapolis NAACP inves-
tigation revealed that Phillips
came from New Orleans, La, to
take over the management of the
Minneapolis store several months
ago.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
Mrs. Effie Posey
Dies; Funeral Is
TodoY At 2 Pm,

Services for Mrs. Effie PoSey
formerly of 1888 Fourth Av. s.,
who died in Topeka, Kansas, Tues
day, December 26, will be held Fri
day, December 20, 2 pm, at Meals
Mortuary chapel in Minneapolis.
Mrs. Posey was owner of several
parcels of real estate in Minneapo-
lis for years.
For over so years a resident of
Minneapolis, Mrs. Posey has been
making her home for the past four
months with a niece and nephew,
Mr.. and Mrs. Frederick Redmond
of Topeka, Kansas.
Her remains will lay in state
on Friday morning, Dec. 20.
Rev Lowell Johnson Of st. Peter
AME church will officiate at the
service. Burial will be at Crystal
Lake Cemetery.
Survivors are: One brother, Mr..
Joseph Bolden Of Minneapolis and
nephew, Frederick Redmond of
Topeka, Kansas.
Neal Funeral Home Is in charge
of arrangements.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
EIeeto Chapter OES
In Annual Election

This month was election time
for Electa chapter No. 3, Order of
Eastern Star, Prince Hall affilia-
ton.
Mrs. Terry Qualls was elected
worthy matron; Edward L. Boyd,
worthy patron; Mrs. Joanne Bar
nett, associate matron; Arthur B.
Wright associate patron; Mrs. Ida
Mae Young, conductress; Mrs.
Bernice Thompson, secretary and
Mrs. Cornelia Burns, treasurer.
Appointed to office were Mrs.
Vassie Perkins, Adah; Mrs. Lu-
cille Shivers, Ruth; Mrs. Harriet
Jones, Esther; Mrs. Edith Moulden,
Martha; Mrs. Matte Owens, FL
ecta; Mrs. Teresa Banks, warder;
Thomas Jones, sentinel; Mrs. Irene
Braxton, marshall and Mrs. Ida
Mae Burell, chaplain.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
Chester Oden Asks
Court Motion On
Law Firm Fee

A st. Paul business man went
to court Friday in an effort to
prove the fee of a Minneapolis law
firm for legal services was excess
sive.
Chester Oden, proprietor of Road
Buddy's Barbecue, 799 University
Av, is asking the courts through
his present attorney Paul Ray for
a motion to demand the circum-
stances for a $12,5O0 attorneys
fee which the firm of Hall, Merlin,
Juster and Bennett have charged
him.
Recently the firm took a lien
on the building owned by Oden
which houses his restaurant to
secure its fees. This action made
Nov. 27, resulted in Oden's action
questioning the fees which will be
heard in court today, Friday, De-
cember 20.
The law firm says the fees for
services over a period from 1855
to 1861, and claim the total fee
was reduced, because Of one of the
attorneys personal friendship for
Mr.. Oden.
Judge Arthur Stewart of Ram
sey county district court will hear
the Oden motion. Former Judge
L. Howard Bennett, a personal
friend Of Oden is a member OF the
Mill City law firm involved.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
Winter Carnival To
Be TeIecdSf Over
ABC-N Jan. 7-Feb IT

st. Paul Winter Carnival activ-
tiles will be telecast throughout
the us. on an ABC-TV network
show called wide World of
Sports, which will begin a reg
ular Sunday afternoon series in
January, it was announced Satur-
day by Hubert w. White, Jr., gen.
eral chairman of the festival.
Technicians from wide World
of Sports" will spend eight days in
st. Paul making video-tapes of
Carnival events. The Winter Car
nival program will be presented
for 80 minutes Sunday, Feb. IL.
The show, which goes on the air
for the first time Jan. 7, will be
shown locally over KMSP-TV
(channel 81, Twin Cities ABC out
let.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29
FUNERAL OF MRS DENNIS
SMITH DECEMBER 81

Services for Mrs. Dennis Bertha
Clay Smith of 700 Bryant Av. NJ,
will be Saturday, December 80,
10 am. at the Meals Mortuary
chapel.
Mrs. Smith died Tuesday, De-
cember 26, at FairWew Hospital,
after a long illness.
Born in Hannibal, Missouri, Mrs.
Smith had been a resident Of Min
neapolis over so years.
Survivors are her husband, Den
mis- Smith and her mother, Mrs.
Lucille Irwin.
Minneapolis spokesman., 1961-12-29

left end Foster Andersen, 235, left
tackle; Frank Macari, 222, left
guard, Tom Patton, 215, right
guard, Phil Dram, 221, right tackle,
and Chuck Hicks, 191 at right end.
The line overall weight average is
213h pounds and fast.
We don't have to go over the
abilities Of the Gophers. What they
did during the regular season is
still fresh in our minds.
Against this fine UCLA team
we expect them to play the type
football which brought them all the
way from an unrated preseason
eleven to a top 10 rating and the
Rose Bowl bid.
These young men, some Of them
playing their last collegiate game
and many Of them members Of the
1860 squad which lost to Washing
ton are in California for one main
purpose to play the best brand Of
football they are capable Of. That
1860 performance is very fresh In
their minds-no repeat perform
ance is wanted nor expected.
Led by Capt. John Mulvena, All
American Sandy Stephens and
Bobby Bell, Jim Wheeler, Carl
Eller, Tom Hall, Dick Enga, Robin
Tellor, Bob Deegan, Dave Mullhol-
land, Bill Munsey and Judge Dick
son and the rest have no surprise
for the UCLAns-only hardnose
football-Minnesct.. and Big Ten
brand 1t should be enough!