davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
DAWSON TARGET FOR TURNING
DOWN P0sTMAsTERsHIP Offer

Kennedy's ann uncement of
Dawson's refusal to accept the job
was interpreted here as meaning
that he had recognized an obliga-
ticn 70 the Negro voter by making
the offer to Dawson and that his
next choice for the post would not
be Negro.
1t was on the grounds that Daw-
son muffed an opportunity to ele-
vate the status Of the Negro in
the federal government by declin-
ing the nomination that he was
being criticized in many quarters
this week.
Continued on Page Severn
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Miami To Host
cmE Bishops

Miami, Fla. = The College Of
Bishops Of CINE Church will meet
here Jan. 10 and IL.
The entertaining pastor will be
the Rev. Wesley Geary, pastor OF
historic Trinity CINE church.
Rev. Robert C. D. Tieuel, Jr.,
editor Of the Christian Call, said
that although unofficial, he be-
lieved the bishops would take up
such issues as preacher recruit
ment, foreign mission work, study
Of the budget, follow-up program
Of CINE members moving to large
CONTINUED on Page Severn
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

Washington, D. c., Dec. 3D.
Rep. William L. Dawson was the
object of Widespread criticism this
week for turning down the chance
20 become the first Negro U. $.
Postmaster General, and a mem.
Der of the Presidents cabinet.
President elect John Kennedy
announced late last week that he
had offered the postmastership to
Dawson and that the veteran Illi-
nois congressman had declined.
Dawson told Kennedy he felt he
could be Of more service to the
country, his party, the state by re-
tanning his seat in Congress.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
PROS AND CONS BATTLE OVER
SINCERITY OF KENNEDY Offer

New York, Dec. n - Specula-
ton over President Elect John F.
Kennedy's offer of the postmast-
er-generalship to Democratic Rep
resentative William A. Dawson
and the Negro Illinois Congress
mans rejection Of the Cabinet
post has been voiced by prominent
Americans of both races and po-
litical parties.
In a telephone poll conducted by
Vital Information Press, New
York syndicate which services the
Negro press nationally opinion
was sharply divided as to the mo-
tives both of Senator Kennedy in
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

offering and Rep. Dawson in re-
jecting the historic opportunity
for a Negro to hold cabinet sta
tus.
Meanwhile, in Washington,
knowledgeable sources raised the
issue Of whether Dawson's failure
to accept the post was attributable
to fear that Senate confirmation
would be withheld due to opposi-
ton by Southern Senators or the
fact that a former Dawson con-
gressional secretary was twice in
dicted in 1852 and convicted and
sentenced in 1854 on a federal
Continued on Page Eighty
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
SAY KING SPARkED STOUT
STRIKE OF NEGRO PRISONERS

Atlanta, Ga, Dec. 23.-Dr. Mar
tin Luther King regarded as head
of the southwide sit-in movement
has been accused Of formentirs
or, inspiring . sit-out among 900
Negro prisoners.
The Negroes went without five
meals before voluntarily returning
to their plates for the evening meal
on the second day Of the strike.
The incident took place Nov. !
and 2 and involved "about 80 par
cent? of the total Negro prison
population Of about 1000 at Reids-
vile State prison.
!, The hunger strike-which For
roster termed 60 sit-out ~ far %
Continued on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Nations Schools
Opening Doors
More Wider For
African Students
Program Started For
Nigeria Expanded To
Include East And
Central Africa

Boston, Mass. Dec. % - An
undergraduate scholarship pro-
gram for Nigerian students in
itiated this year by % United
States universities and colleges is
being expanded to East and Cen
trail Africa.
Prominent teachers, professors,
and others acquainted with uni
versity education are being invit-
ed to serve on local selection
boards for these scholarships in
Uganda, Kenya, Tanganyika, N.Y.
ashland, and Southern Rhodesia.
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Negro Dr.. Gets
Chicago Health
Board Post

Chicago, H., Dec. 27.-A Negro
doctor was one Of the three spe-
cialists named consultants to DR.
Erie Oldberg, the newly appointed
President Of the Chicago Board Of
Health. He Is DR.. Robert C. Step
to, 40, Chairman Of the depart
menet Of obstetrics and gynecology
ct the Provident Hospital here.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
End Negro Chief
In kCFiire Dent.

Kansas City, Mo.-A second Ne
gro last week was promoted to bat
talon chief of the fire department
in Kansas City. He is Cecil Ralph
Daniel brother of Raymond T. DAN
lei who was named to the same
position two weeks ago.
He has been with the fire depart
ment for 9h years, starting as a
motor driver in 1916. He was later
transferred to station No. IL in
1947.
In 1863 he was given a years
leave of absence to 60 to Liberia to
organize fire departments for the
government of that country. He
CONTINUED on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
BELLAF0NTE, DAVIS, COLE ON BIG
DEMOCRAT FUND RAISING SHOW

Hollywood, Calf. Entertain
ers Nat King Cole, Sammy Davis
Jr. and Harry Belafonte will join
Frank Sinatra, Peter Lawford and
several other big name stars in
headlining mammoth pre-inaug-
ural show to aid the Democratic
cause in the national armory here
Jan. 10, it was announced.
According to Lawford, brother
in-law of President-elect John F.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
First Negro
Judge Is I oIedo's
Youngest

Toledo, Ohio. Dec. 81 - Rob-
ert v. Franklin, Jr. at "a, is not
only the first Negro to- become a
Municipal Judge here but he is
also the youngest.
Franklin was appointed by Gov
ernor Disable to fill the unexpired
term Of the deceased Judge Hon.
er Ramey.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
FbI In Little
Rock School
Bombing Case

Little Rock, Ark. Dec. "a The
County Grand Jury has opened
an investigation Of an attempt to
dynamite q dormatory at Philand-
er Smith College here last July.
FBI Agents arrested Emmett
E. Miller, Robert Lloyd Parks, and
Hugh. Lynn Adams In connection
with the bombing attempt.
The three men were accused Of
transporting dynamite from Ten
-nessee to Arkansas, across the
state line from Memphis to West
CONTINUED on Page Six)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
AFRICANS PLAN PLEA FOR
ENDING ALGERIA FIGHTING

to the Algerian war in 1861 and
that, after frank negotiations, il
honestly applies the principle OF
self-determination," said a COM
munique issued after their meet
ing.
On the former Belgian Como
the communique said:
Continued on Page Severn
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
ETHIOPIA CONTINUES SEARCH
FOR REBEL GUARD OFFICERS

Adds Ababa, Dec. 23-Emperor
Halle Selassie's troops have round
ed up many rebel officers of the
Imperial Guard and thrown them
into Jail to await trial.
But a government spokesman
said that 80 per cent of more than
1000 rebels who surrendered have
been set Free Halle Selassie prom
ised an amnesty for those who vol
untary gave up their arms.
Rebels from the GOODMAN guard
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
jackson College Observes Fifth
Annual Amos Hankins Day

The fifth annual observance Of
Amos Hawkins Day was held at
Jackson State College recently,
The observance has been held each
year since 1866 when the late DR..
Ebert Tatum, W. o. Gill, who at
that time was Dean of Students,
and Haskell Bingham, the Presi-
dent of the Student Council for
that year, made a campus-wide at
tempt to regard this man who
has been an inspiration to so many
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Eisenhower Aide
Blocked In Race In
Quest OF Job
Special Assistant Is
Unable To Find Top
Level Industry Job

WASHINGTON, Dec. 22.-The
first Negro to hold the position
of Administrative Assistant to
the President said today that "a
Jungle of racial barriers" had
made it impossible for him to get
an executive position in private
industry.
E. Frederick Morrow, who has
been a member of President Ell
senhower's staff for the last five
Continued on Page Six
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
NEGRO SHOPPER BEATEN
BY ATLANTA BOYC0TTERS

lar acts but that this was the first
definite complaint.
This complainant" Little add
ed, "has expressed a willingness
to identify and prosecute his at
tackers."
Little quoted the man as saying
the attack was made on him two
weeks ago and his wife reported it
to a uniformed patrolman on Dec.
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

of the royal household led the
short-lived revolt Dec. IA while the
Emperor was on a state visit to
Brazil and proclaimed the Crown
Prince, Asia Wassan, as King. The
Prince, Halle Selassie's eldest son,
has been exonerated of having any
part in the plot.
While the roundup Of rebels in
the hills overlooking Adds Ababa
went on, the Emperor in a nation
CONTINUED on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

Atlanta, Ga. Dec. % - A Ne
gro who asked that his name be
withheld temporarily, has COM
planned to police that three other
Negroes - all neatly dressed
youths - knocked him down and
kicked him after he traded in a
downtown area picketed by Ne.
gro students.
Police Capt. r. E. Little Jr.,
said he had heard rumors of SINH
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
kentuekyLabor
Union Elects
Negro Prexy

Louisville, KY. A veteran
salesman here has become what
is believed to be the first Negro
president of an integrated labor
union in the state of Kentucky.
Harvey Edelen, has been elected
president of Local 443 of the Re-
CONTINUED on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

students and faculty members
alike.
"Mr. Amos" as he is affection
ateiy known by thousands Of grad
yates and former students as well
as the current student body, began
losing his slightly AZ years ago
when he was in the fifth grade.
Then in 1889 the inevitable hap
pened; he lost his sight completely.
A year later he was granted per-
Continued on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Ethiopia Revolt
Hard On j. n.
Women Delegates

Adds Ababa, Ethiopia, Dec. %
Women delegates from forty-five
countries to conference here have
been doggedly trying to maintain
calm and poise through the last
weeks rebellion and disorders.
But lodging the cross-fire of bat
tie and the bullets Of edgy Ethio-
plan guards has not been easy.
Tonight, the United Nations con-
ference on participation of women
Continued on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

Brazzaville, Congo Republic. -
The French-speaking states of
Black Africa-Guinea excepted
which have been holding a little
summit conference here, said Mon
day they will ask France to end
the Algerian war next year.
eve are resolved to ask in
sistently that France put an end
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

Kennedy, who is producing the
show along with Sinatra, revenue
from the special revue will clean
up 81 million Democratic cam
paign deficit. Explaining this,
Lawford said:
"The Democrats spent So mil
lion on the campaign and are 81
million in debt.
"This show will bail them
Continued on Page Six)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31
Negro Women
Clerks Working In
Kansas City Store.

Kansas City, Mo. Dec. % -
The introduction Of Negroes be-
hind the sales counters in one Of
this city's largest department
stores has been accomplished
CONTINUED on Page Six)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-12-31

Patronize Our Advertis-
ers - Their Advertising
in this paper shows that
they appreciate your
trade.
Evening star., 1960-06-17
DORIS FLEEsoN
A KnuckIe-Rop for Dirksen

Stevenson has repudiated, a
version Of a comment on the
Summit f1asco by Senator
Kennedy which the Senator
explained was taken out of
context and did not mention
the word apologize"
There is nothing new about
the Dirksen technique and it
worked well in 1852. The de-
cision about whether it is
adequate to what Lincoln
called "the stormy present"
rests with the press and the
voters.
There is not much anyone
here can now do about the
menace and humiliation of
the japanese developments.
The Senate had been asked
by the State department to
ratify the disputed American
japanese treaty which has
caused the Kishi government
so much grief; the request
was repeated by Secretary of
State Herter to Chairman
Fulbright after Premier Kishi
in effect cancelled the Eisen-
hover visit.
Some Senators have reser-
vations about the wisdom of
that decision and fewer still
have much confidence in the
departments political judg-
ment at this point. But the
early reaction was that the
Senate ought to bow to the
Secretary once more.
Evening star., 1960-06-17
No Time for Demoqoquery

dents prestige is unworthy.
So is any G. o. P. suggestion
that everything is all right
and beyond criticism. There
must be an adult Democratic
opposition looking to the fu-
ture and not to the past; a
politics of construction and
not destruction. There must
be an adult Republican de-
fense not seeking alibis for
all the past but to assist in
securing the future.
The situation is so delicate
that powerful men in both
parties are now considering
a private appeal to all presi-
dental candidates to accept
an unwritten code of con-
duct along these lines.
No party will really gain
If it gains at the expense
Of national safety. No win
ming candidate will really
win unless he so behaves as
to be able to govern after he
wins. For it is easily posi-
BILE to gain the Presidency
this year by such means as
to guarantee an opposition so
implacable as to make GER
tain the destruction of the
new Administration before
1t begins.
Evening star., 1960-06-17
Senate Minority Leader Taken to Task
For Comments on Tokyo Cancellation

ence in the party's campaign
strategy. He has been de-
batting the Summit fiasco in
terms similar to his present
language, so he seems to
think we'll of the idea.
Americans were just begin
ming to get the full impact
OF its latest diplomatic defeat
when the Senate met in early
session to debate appopria-
tions for defense. Majority
Leader johnson made a quiet
opening statement about the
seriousness of the situation
but calling the Presidents
decision not to go to Japan
a wise one.
Dlrksen responded that he
was glad the President had
undertaken the journey and
oescrloed Japanese asSur-
ances that it would go we'll.
With the dexterity for which
he is Justly famous, he slid
into the argument that it
showed what the Communists
would do and said sorrow
fully that there were still
some who thought the Presi-
dent should apologize to Mr..
Khrushchev and make con-
ceSsions to him.
His comments are based on
a supposed interview with a
French reporter which Mr..
Evening star., 1960-06-17
RALPH McGILL
The Issue in Japan: u. S. Bases

neutralism in Asia. The
Chinese wish India to be-
come more neutral, out of
fear. and certainly both Pc
king and Moscow wish to see
Japan driven from her treaty
relationship with the United
States.
1t is a further irony that
Japan's desperate need to
trade has made her unpopu-
lar with certain segments of
our own economy and with
their representatives in the
Congress. 1t does not require
any great vision to compre-
hend what our position would
be in the East if Japan were
to declare herself neutral
and deny us bases or use of
japanese waters. That our
own resistance to Japanese
competition may assist the
Soviets to bring off a VIC
tory in Japanese neutralism
is a very serious segment of
the complex problem.
So it is that today the
Communists ride the anti
Eisenhower sentiment in
Japan. Tomorrow they will
ride whatever else is going
their way. If they can pull
down the Kishi government
they may bring about a re-
pudiation of the treaty.
That's what they really want.
Evening star., 1960-06-17
Care Is Urged on All Candidates
As responsibility Rooms World
WILLIAM S. WHITE

A glittering opportunity for
demagogueS is opening out
for the fall presidential cam
paign. but those who seize it
may find it turn to fools gold
in their hands.
The institution of the
American presidency has been
abused as never before in
history by left-wing mobs
which forbade the elected
head Of this country to visit
the elected head of govern
ment in Tokyo.
Howling and brutal ire
SponSibility - the ultim a tie
logical extension of extrem-
isn1 in politicS-roams much
of the world. 1t is formed of
packs of pseudo-legal lynch
erS in Castro Cuba. It
marches as openly applauded
allies of imperialist commun-
ism in Japan.
There is growing belief
among high American Off
cials that even the Soviet
Kremlin is frightened by the
excesses of this new Com
munist Imperialism as it is
being directed from Red
China. There is a question
whether Nikita Khrushchev,
himself, will be able to re-
strain the new furies rising
in the Orient.
1t is now obvious that much
of his reason for breaking up
the Summit conference lay in
preSsureS from the Chinese
Communists he dared not re-
sist. CParenthetically, what
price now all the shrilly posi-
tive assertions that it was
the little American "spy
plane" which caused Mr..
Khrushchev so to act? How
petty can you get in assign .
ing causes for historic up
heavals?)
There is more and more
authoritative doubt here as
to which now is the dog and
Evening star., 1960-06-17
Fighting Reds Fire With Fire

summit conferences, and that
maligned John Foster Dulles,
who originally opposed the
idea. 1t was the left wing
which insisted that Nikita
Khrushchev's peaceful CO.
existence" should be well
coined. 1t is the left wing
that is constantly pushing
for recognition of Red China,
which would be a death
blow to American military
strength in the Far East.
The Democratic speakers
are having a field day in
speeches about the events
abroad. Shipping from the
Democrats on the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee
continues. One would think
President Eisenhower had
torpedoed his own journey to
Japan. that the Communists
had nothing to do with it
judging by the criticism about
a lack of planning by the
United States. No Democratic
administration could do any
different planning where
Communist evil is being per-
petrated.
Only two courses of action
are available now to either
a Republican or a Demo-
cratic administration. One is
to WELD a big stick and take
a chance on getting into an
other world war. Neither po-
litical party would take such
a risk.
The alternative policy is to
fight fire with flre"-that is,
to spend more money for big
ger and better propaganda,
more money on the foreign
aid program to help allied
nations to remain stable in
their economy, and more
money for national defense
so as to ward off surprise
attack. Then, if the so-called
liberals will stop pressing for
deals with Khrushchev and
his kind, stop urging recogni-
ton Of Red China, and stop
feeding propaganda to the
Russians about Americas al
legged weaknesses, there's a
chance-not for the Republi-
can or Democratic parties as
such. but for the American
people-to win the "cold
war"
(copyright, 196W
Evening star., 1960-06-17
Full Cold War Drive With Propaganda,
Aid and National Defense Uroed

often emerge as a negative
influence on friendly rela-
tions long after a war has
ended.
The United States has new
er officially regretted its
dropping of the atomic
bomb. because of the feel
ing that the surprise at
tack on Pearl Harbor was a
dastardly business. Never
theless, the building of
friendship with Japan by the
United States has been one
OF the challenging problems
OF the postwar era. In fact,
it is more important today
than ever before that the
West should have strong
military allies in the Far
East. Moscow on its part al
ready has possession of Red
China, which has been of
considerable help to the
Communist cause In infil-
trating Korea, haraSsing the
Chinese NationaliSts on For
moSa and trying to under
mine the governments of the
Philippines and of other
free countries m Southeast
Asia.
What shall America do
about it? The Communists
have moved in, not only in
the Far East but in Latin
America, especially Cuba,
next door to the United
States. Likewise, the Com
muniSts have wrought their
mischief in the Middle East
and everywhere in Africa, in
Guiding South Africa, where
race rioting has been stimu-
lated after a long period of
stability in race relations.
Even in the United States.
ID e monstr a tions" in the
South and lunch-counter
"Slt-inS" have been attributed
to the Communists by promi-
nent persons, including for
mer President Harry Truman.
Today's dilemma is largely
due to the appeasement
tactics Of the left wing in
the United States as well as
in Britain and France. It
was the left wing that forced
President Eisenhower into
Evening star., 1960-06-17

Are Americans willing to
debate the foreign policy
situation in the coming cam
paign or can they be per-
suaded instead to argue
about whether we should
apologize to Nikita Khru-
shchev and make concessions
to him?
In one Of his silkiest per-
formances, Republican
Leader Dirksen Immediately
sought to cast Senate dis
cussion of the new diplo-
matte defeat in terms of
what he processes to believe
were appeasement state
ments by two principal
Democratic contenders, SEN
ator Kennedy and Adlai
Stevenson.
Democrats replied briskly
as they were bound to do.
The important aspect re-
mains the fact that Senator
DirkSen apparently had de-
cided that the way 10 blunt
the impact Of the news from
Japan was to stage it as a
morality play with the Presi-
dent as hero and Democrats
as appeasers.
He is not just one of 100
Senators. He is the voice of
the White House in the Sen
ate, leader of its minority
there and a powerful influ-
Evening star., 1960-06-17
DAVID LAWRENCE

Poor Japan! Twenty years
ago her militarists dragged
the nation into war, and they
lost an empire. Today the
left wing, inspired by Mos
COW, has turned Japan toward
communism and a loss of the
freedoms that democracy has
given the Japanese people
since World War II.
Japan's tragedy-her prob
able deterioration now on the
economic side as she faces
more and more trade bar
riers in the WeSt-far over
shadows the impact of the
events of the last few days
on American affairs.
For it is of relatively little
consequence, except to anti
administration politicians
here, whether Americas So
called prestige in the Far East
is temporarily injured be-
cause the Japanese govern
ment itself was compelled by
the mobS to cancel President
EisenhoWer's visit to Japan.
After all, Americas prestige
doesn't depend on japanese
mobs. There can be no loss
of prestige for the United
States just because commun-
ism buys a mob. 1t is far more
serious that the friendly rela-
tions between the United
States and Japan have been
damaged by the Japanese
themselves.
1t is no mystery why the
Communists have made
progress with their infiltra-
ton Of Japan. They had
something to work on - a
basic antagonism to the
United States growing out of
the dropping of two atomic
bombs in the last war. This,
together with the years 'of
humiliation afterward be-
cause Of American military
occupation, was bound SOON
er or later to make itself felt
in popular opinion.
History tells us that
France for many decades
after the war of 1870 never
forgave Germany for the
loss of Alsace-Lorraine, and
that deep-seated resentments