davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-03-22
HERTER
Continued From First Page

over the risk involved in the
gamble, Secretary Herter said
it will be serious only 'if we
over-exaggerate what may
come from it." He said he
would rather be pleasantly
surprised" than to expect toe
much and be disappointed.
Mr.. Herter said he would not
agree with Senator Gore that
the United States was pushed
into the summit meeting.
Must Maintain Position
Appearing as the first wit
ness at Senate hearings on the
$4.l billion mutual security
program for next year, Mr.. Her
ter said he feels very strongly
that the United States must
maintain its posture of strength
and cooperation with its allies
in this critical period of nego-
tiation.
rs 1t fair to say that any
substantial reduction in this
mutual security program
might weaken our negotiating
position?" asked Chairman Full
bright. Democrat of Arkansas.
Very definitely So" the
Secretary replied.
Mr.. Herter also told the COM
mittee he does not believe
Soviet Premier Khrushchev's
talk Of peaceful co-existence in
dicates any basic departure by
him from communisms ulti-
mate goal Of conquering the
free world. but indicates that
those now in control think the
emphasis today is on economic
rather than military competi-
ton.
Senator Lausche. Democrat
of Ohio, asked Mr.. Herter If
his feeling could be summed up
in the statement that he is
looking for some progress for
peace in the negotiations
planned for this year, but that
the ultimate goal OF commu-
niSm has not changed and that
the United States must con-
tinue its aid program.
The Secretary agreed that
was a correct summary.
Mr.. Herter explained that
there is greater emphasis on
military aid in this budget
than last year, not in order
to increase military spending
Immediately. but rather to re-
plenish the depleted pipeline
for future years. He said the
pipeline has a balance of only
SIS billion at this time.
At the outset of the hearing
Senator Fulbright said that
foreign aid is not popular in
this country despite the nom
partisan support it has re-
ceived from Democratic and
Republican administrations and
despite the knowledge that the
Soviet Union extends similar
aid to its friends and to some
neutrals.
He expressed the hope that
Mr.. Herter could make the
American people more con-
scious of the continuing need
for the program.
Under questioning by SEN
ator Wiley, Republican of Wis
consin, the Secretary said our
allies have recovered to a point
where they can do more in
helping the underdeveloped
areas, But Mr.. Herter suggest
ed that such help should be re-
garded As an expansion of the
aid program and not a means
to relieve the United States of
a part of what it has been doing.
Evening star., 1960-03-22
Quick Remedy

TULSA, Okla. (AP)-After
trying several suggested rem
edies to help her dachshund
from gagging at mealtime,
Mary Lou Garrison took the
dog to a veterinarian. He
solved the problem at once by
loosening the collar,
Evening star., 1960-03-22

Pan Am offers you the only true Jet service between
the West Coast, Hawaii and Japan. Aboard Pan Am
Jet Clippers Hawaii is only 81 hours from San Fran
cisco; and Tokyo only 1OA hours beyond.
Fly by Jet all the way: Travel by American Airlines
7O7 Jet Flagship to the West Coast connect there with
daily Pan Am Jet Clipper to continue on across the
Pacific With these two great Jet services you arrive in
Hawaii the same day you leave Washington, and
more than 10 hours turboprop aircraft clear to
the Orient.
On every Pan Am Jet Clipper flight across the Pacific
you have choice of deluxe President Special or tourist
class Rainbow service. .rr.s.M.rs Reg. s. Pa
Call your Travel Agent or Republic $4,000
Ticket Office: 1900 K Street, NV
Evening star., 1960-03-22
No White Killed

There were no reports of
any whites killed. Some AZ
ricans were said to have used
guns in Langa, where several
police we're injured.
The violence shocked the
country and brought roper
cussions in Parliament. domi-
mated by the Nationalist Party
which sponsors the apartheid
(strict segregation) policy.
Prime Minister Hendryk Ver-
woerd in a statement on the
riots said the police had not
been ordered to open fire. He
charged the main purpose of
the Pan-Africanist Congress
was to go against the whites
and declared they were pre-
pared to commit extreme
deeds"
South Africa'S 3 million
whites and many of her 10
million blacks kept their doors
bolted last night. Many whites
slept with guns under their
pillows.
Even the Pan Africanist
sponsors of the anti-pass cam
paign were stunned by the yio-
lence. Their leaders had called
for a non-violent campaign
Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe
president of the Congress, and
several of his lieutenants were
arrested for questioning.
Evening star., 1960-03-22

NOhtiHucu FROM r lFSg rage
action, scattering the demon
strators.
Pass System Opposed
Negroes were calling for the
abolition Of the pass system.
The campaign was sponsored
by the militant Pan-Africanist
Congress. which had warned
followers against provoking
violence. But the demonstra-
tions got out of control.
During the night in some
districts the Negroes defied po-
lice by painting slogans on
walls: Freedom" Down With
Passes" and Minimum Wage
and Equal Pay for Equal
Work"
The new Langa clash appar-
emily occurred after powerful
forces Of mixed white and Afri-
can police combed the settle
ment looking for ringleaders.
The police were armed with
submachinegunS. rifles. re-
volvers and clubs. Two ar
mored cars backed them up.
Burned buildings at Langa
included the library, recreation
hall, reception center. ONCE
building and Negro settlement
workshops.
Evening star., 1960-03-22
AFRICA

Continued From First Page
action, scattering the demon
Strators.
Evening star., 1960-03-22
Position Changed

Debate on the Johansen
amendment touched of the
bitterest personal exchange
since the House started work
on its civil rights bill March 10.
Evening star., 1960-11-04

incidentally, for decades in politico-
economic debate. He has spoken, too,
OF higher revenues flowing from greater
growth Of the national economy. But
what appears to be the favored Demo-
cratic formula for attaining greater
growth is for the Government to pump
more money into the economy-a pro-
cess by which Government no doubt
could pump it out faster than it would
return.
But suppose there are these special
circumstances" not including war,
which might be cited in justification
OF reliance upon deficit spending. MIR.
Kennedy himself said the other day
that a budget surplus serves as "a brake
on infiationary forces" Conversely, of
course, a budget deficit removes the
brake-in fact, 1t accelerates the infia-
ton. And imitation is nothing more
nor less than higher prices for every
thing-food, medicine, clothes, housing,
transport and so on. The dollar is
worth lesS-to everybody. And If and
when its value falls, the people who
may not have been listening very
attentively to Mr.. Anderson's question,
perhaps because they have been be-
guiled by generous platform promises,
could be hurt first and worst.
Evening star., 1960-11-04
Mr.. KouI Answers Critic

You published a letter by
Leone Buchholz concerning
my attendance on the Board
of Zoning Appeals. I have
been fully occupied on big is
sues of this campaign but
since Broyhill supporters
have chosen to bring up this
part-time job of more than S
years ago, I am taking this
opportunity to clear up the
matter.
The Arlington Board of
zoning Appeals is a part
time citizens group like the
Planning Commission, Gov
ernment Procedures Commit
tee, Fiscal Affairs Committee
and Tax Equalization Board.
1t meetson the third Tuesday
afternoon each month. I
served on this board from
March 9, 1852 to March 8,
1855 at which time I was set
ting up a nationwide business
and was away from home
more than half the time. My
attendance was $50. I at
tended each and every meet
ing when I was in town and
I served with the understand
ing that I would attend
meetings only when my busi-
ness permitted me to be in
town.
The Buchholz attack was
intended to cover up Broy-
hills absenteeism In the 1859
Evening star., 1960-11-04
Doggone!

Our sympathy for Lakeland, Florida,
school authorities is not matched by
respect for their judgment. Faced with
problem that has not by any means
been theirs alone-of four-legged pets
following their small friends to school
the authorities dispatched cute sort
OF note to parents, suggesting that all
dogs "be withdrawn" from enrolment.
To their credit, they explained that they
like dogs well enough, but consider them
"non-educable by human standards"
Well, we suppose it is true that the
tail-waggers tend to be little bit casual
in their interest in mathematics or in
parsing sentences. Still, some of our
best friends are dogs-including edu-
Gated ones. And in these parlous days
we are not about to take sides against
mans best friend" It is fine thing
to have somebody stand up and be
counted-even on four legs.
Evening star., 1960-11-04

Congress. Broyhill has been
paid $22,500 per year as a
full time Congressman as
compared With $120 per year
for part-time members of the
Board of zoning Appeals. The
Congressional Quarterly AL
manac for 1859, page LOT,
shows that Broyhills attend
ance on roll call votes was
only 77% which was the
worst record of any Congress-
man in Virginia or Maryland.
He was on a vacation cruise
in the Mediterranean while
other Congressman were
working overtime on urgent
legislation.
AS an elected member of
the Arlington County Board
I have an attendance record
OF over $50. The Arlington
County Board regularly meets
every other Saturday. I have
not missed one of these reg
ularly scheduled Saturday
meetings since November 10,
1856. The people of Arlington
have recognized my record of
attendance and accomplish
ment in re-electing me while
Leone Buchholz was defeated
at the last election.
Ralph Kaul.
Member,
Arlington County Board
and Democratic candi-
date for Congress.
Evening star., 1960-11-04
Eisenhower Mooic

When Dwight Eisenhower rode up
Broadway this week, the warmth of his
reception, according to one news report,
rivaled that accorded him when he
returned from the wars in 1945. But
this enthusiasm for a 70-year-old
President who is almost at the end of
his last term cannot be accounted for
merely on the basis Of victory in war.
Nor is 1t just matter of broad smile
and a personality spark. The secret
OF the Eisenhower magic goes deeper
than these things.
That the magic is there, that it is
real, is amply attested by the eagerness
OF MIR. Nixon to have the President at
his side and by the emphasis which
Senator Kennedy puts on the point
that he is running against the Vice
President, not against Mr.. Eisenhower
In short, now that the chips are down,
there is not the slightest doubt that
the two men who have most at stake are
fully aware that the President is blessed
with that elusive quality which influ-
enceS voters and wins elections-at least
for himself.
There is considerable doubt, how
ever, that this awareness has filtered
down to the Old Guard rank-and- of
the G. o. P. In Congress, throughout
the Eisenhower second term, they
baked at much Of his program. And
If they finally went along, it was done
grudgingly and reluctantly. Now, faced
with the possibility of Kennedy
victory, they are grumbling-and NUT
tering that, If Mr.. Nixon loses, the Re-
publicans in 1864 should put before the
voters ticket headed by full-blown
conservatives man cast in the Barry
Goldwater mold.
There is one thing to be said for
this view-it has never been tested, at
least not in modern times To advocate
it, however, is to ignore the plain lessons
of the Eisenhower victories in 1852 and
1856, and the significance of the whole
hearted response of the people as he
campaigns now for the Nixon-Lodge
ticket. The essential lesson, we think,
is that Mr.. Eisenhower, while baSically
conservative, has nevertheless been able
to identify himself with the hopes and
aspirations of a majority of our people.
OF course, personal charm plays part.
But the real secret is that Mr.. Eisen-
hover is not and never has been Of the
Old Guard. He belongs to that new
school of Republicanism of which Mr..
Nixon is a member school which,
while stopping short of the liberal
Democratic philosophy of government,
is nevertheless progressive in its out
look. Mr.. Nixon may lose next week
and the Old Guard. in consequence, may
try to turn back the clock four years
hence. It can ignore, if it wishes, the
meaning of the enthusiasm for Mr..
Eisenhower. But If it wants to do this,
and if it has its way, it will be courting
real disaster by the time another
election rolls around.
Evening star., 1960-11-04
Unanswered Question

Secretary of Treasury Anderson
continues to ask an election-time
question of real concern to all Ameri-
cans. It is, in brief, how a Democratic
administration would pay the bill to
carry out the generous party platform
promises of something better for virtu-
ally everybody. Would it be paid through
more and higher taxes? Or would it
be paid through greater Government
borrowing adding thereby to the
national debt, renewing inflationary
pressure and leading perhaps to new
Federal controls on wages, prices, profits
no longer be free economy?
There is nothing complicated about
Mr. Anderson's question. It is not
booby-trap, either economically or
politically. The fact that it may have
a relationship to gold speculation
abroad, to international balances OF
payments, or to Americas current role
of banker" for the free world does
not mean it is of moment only to
Wall Street or to technicians in inter-
national finance. This is question
related directly to individual pocket
books, thin ones as well as fat ones.
BaSically, it is a question second in
Importance to no other in the campaign.
Mr.. Kennedy has expressed his
dedication to balanced budget, except
in special circumstances. Assuming no
such circumstances, presumably this
means that steps would be taken to
bring Government revenues to the level
of expenditures. But he has not said
there would be higher taxes, although
he has talked about closing "loopholes"
something that has been talked about,
Evening star., 1960-11-04
NATO's NucIeor Arms Dilemma
Foreign Correspondent Of The s.

ably leave Europe virtually
defenseless.
The starting point then is
the formal commitment Of
weapons to NATO by the
United States and also quite
possibly Great Britain. The
commitment would be for the
duration Of the treaty, which
Is renewable in 10-year per.
iods. During this time, the
weapons could not be with
drawn and the defense Of
Western Europe could be
planned with more assurance
than it can be today.
Conflicting Nightmares
There are other arguments
in favor Of an independent
deterrent for the alliance.
Europe's leaders are plagued
these days with a number of
conflicting Nightmares caused
by American n control Of
atomic weapons based on
their territory. At one mo-
ment they have qualms that
some disastrous bit of Amer
ican craftsmanship may bring
down nuclear destruction on
their heads. Next they are
panicked by the thought that
If they were attacked, the
United States might aban-
don them to their fate. Fin
ally there is hope that if the
alliance as a whole disposed
of its deterrent there might
be less likelihood Of individ-
ual members developing their
own weapons. Britain, for
example, is seriously thinking
of turning over its hydrogen
bombs to NATO If France
and Germany renounce the
idea Of developing their own
atomic weapons.
The problem, which has by
no means been solved, how
ever. is how NATO as q
whole can accept jurisdiction
over a stock Of nuclear weap-
ons and who in fact will con-
troll them in case Of war.
Attractive as it may be<as
an idea, the proposal for an
independent NATO deter
rent raises as many questions
as it answers.
Although it is clear enough
that the weapons would be
under military control Of
NATO's supreme commander
in case Of war, it is very far
from clear who would be re-
sponsible for the political
decisions governing their use.
1t is almost inconceivable
that individual member gov
ernments, acting through
the NATO council, could do
the job. Weapons whose use
depended on getting the
agreement Of IS member
countries in a time Of crisis
would be hardly better than
no weapons at all. And the
idea Of setting up a three
or four nation NATO "se-
curity council" to control
the bombs is unlikely to
appeal very much to smaller
members Of the alliance.
Until this all-important
problem Of control is worked
out. all talk about an inde-
pendent NATO deterrent
must remain on an airy theo-
retical plane. And although
the problem Is sure to be
raised in the course Of the
NATO meeting here next
month, it will remain for the
next administration to make
the hard decisions that are
called for
Evening star., 1960-11-04

that he has the experience
which this office greatly
needs, that he has advised
the President in important
matters. This is acceptable
now, but before President
Eisenhower half heartedly
agreed, it was rather doubt
full. The President had said
that he would need a week
to recall a time when he had
received any advice from the
Vice-President.
Senator Kennedy gives the
impression of a man of ac-
ton. He is confident Of his
ability to serve the American
people. He has had a great
deal of experience in the
Senate and has introduced
many needed bills for con-
sideration. He has young
ideas; good ideas. Most i'm
portant, however. he will not
be afraid to work towards
the ideals he stands for.
The voters decision will de-
eide the fate of the entire
world. Every vote counts.
Frances Anita SeSSa.
&& AH
Civic Affairs Associates,
Inc, a non-partisan organi-
zation in Washington, D. c.,
tabulated the voting record
Of all members of the 86th
Congress on key legislative
bills involving such basic
principles of freedom as linn
tied Government, free mar
kets and equality under law.
The results for Senator Ken
nedy are both amazing and
frightening. On all of the
II roll call votes analyzed
and involving these basic
freedoms, Senator Kennedy
indicated his strong opposi-
ton to every principle!
Senator Harry F. Byrd, the
highly respected Democrat
from Virginia, opposed Sen
ator Kennedy on each of
these bills and principles and
summarized the dangers in
herent in the Kennedy like
philosophy: IF we undermine
our fundamental principles
and impair our fiscal solven-
cy in the next 25 to 80 years
as we have in the past quar-
ter of a century, I cannot
believe our democracy will
survive. Our strength is be-
ing sapped by the paternal-
ism of Federal bureaucracy
grown too big and. the force
of labor leaders grown too
arrogant. These are under
mining our system, changing
our attitudes and hobbling
our will for freedom"
DR.. David r. DilIey,
Economist.
Scotch Plains, N. j.
4 4 i 4
There is one very important
matter in this 1860 campaign
which, it seems to me, has
not been stressed as much as
it deserves to be. This is the
crucial Importance Of pro-
viding united leadership by
electing the Kennedy-John-
son ticket to work CO.
operatively and effectively
with what is certain to be
an overwhelmingly Demo-
cratic Congress.
Helen w. johnson.
Evening star., 1960-11-04

private economy. They trem-
BILE with fear and condemn
those who call the shots.
whether they are with us or
against us, as they see them.
Stephen Rock.
II = 4 4
On october 81, Senator
Kennedy delivered a political
address in Philadelphia. He
spoke with poise, eclat, and
personal charm.
There was a great deal of
poetic license in his speech.
He gave word pictures of
national and worldwide
frontiers. These new frontiers
not only extend horizontally
over the whole earth, but
apparently are also pointed
towards the skies.
His speech was melodious
and musical, attuned possibly
to the theme song of "The
Land of the Sky Blue Waters"
He may have engendered
throughout this country and
the world a champagne appe-
tite and great expectations,
hardly based. however, upon
a full American tax pocket
book. He promised a better
life not only to the people Of
our so States, Puerto Rico,
the Virgin Islands and the
District of Columbia, but to
other nations of the world,
possibly including some of
the Iron Curtain countries
and billions of people all told.
He seemed to be very happy
over his promises of a better
country and a much improved
world, provided he is elected
to the presidency
Just how he would achieve
the proposed millennium he
did not explain.
I am sure that he was not
handing out any John D.
Rockefeller dimes or Joseph
Kennedy dollars.
He was, however, with
great abandon giving out
IOUs committing his admin
istration and presumably the
American people, if elected,
to a program of tremendous
expense.
On a prior television ap-
pearance, Senator Kennedy
was asked specifically how he
would take care Of the huge
expense involved in these
pretentious national and
worldwide plans for human
betterment.
Senator Kennedy could
present only lean, unreal
istic and completely unsatis-
factory methods and means
for financing his ambitious
projects.
L. v. Lamps0n.
Evening star., 1960-11-04
LETTERS TO THE STAR
Cheer and Jeer Candidates in Last Lap

special target Of all the Com
munist and anti-anti-C Com
munist Smear-by-i -innuendo
that these considerable forces
could deliver. This could not
help but have an adverse
effect especially on people
who are not well informed.
The fact that he has main
tanned his integrity in the
face Of these attacks speaks
volumes for his character.
Maurice II. Shuey.
AH y
The editorial in the London
Daily Telegraph on American
prestige" as quoted by David
Lawrence, certainly hit the
nail on the head.
Both Nixon and Kennedy
should have their heads
examined for broaching the
subject, but I was most sur
prised, and disappointed, that
Bill Fulbright got into the
controversy. I thought he had
more sense.
I must say that neither
candidate sends" me. I
don't object to Kennedy be-
cause Of his religion-after
all, he can be rejected after
four years-but I certainly
do not want Eleanor Roose-
velt. Adlai Stevenson, and
their New York and Holly
wood so-called militant liberal
followers running our foreign
policy under him.
This is time for strong
talk, and the inarticulate
Republicans cannot afford to
help the loudly wastrel Dem
ocrats to sweep their infla-
tionary dirt under the rug.
The Democrats have GER
tain stereotyped and compul-
sive reactions to our economy
that would probably not
work out too badly after the
bust had taken place, but
we are not now in a bust,
and what we have to do is to
avoid one that may be in the
making.
It is in the making largely
because confidence in the
dollar is deteriorating after
more than a quarter century
Of continuous imitation. 1t is
possible to restore a sound
dollar and confidence in il
even if it is the very last
thing that the free spending
free taxing Democrats care
about. Even they may have
to care in a little while.
Meantime, fear is what we
have to fear most if we are
not to blunder into a really
serious collapse. Senator
Kennedy is doing his adoles-
cent best to spread doubt
and fear both at home ano
abroad. Doesn't he know that
foreign central banks today
stand nervously on guard
over the integrity of the dol
lar, and if we scare them
enough the dollar will lose
all of it's gold backing over
night?
L. G. Munzert.
y u 4
Vice President Nixon i.
trying to convince the voter.