davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-03
Annexation Sessions
Slated in Fuiffux

Public meetings have been
scheduled for tomorrow eve
ming and March 8, at Vega
noke Elementary School on
Braddock road, Fairfax Coun-
ty, to discuss the Effect and
Impact of Annexation on Pub
lie Schools and Other Public
Services.
Mayor Leroy S. Bendheim Of
Alexandria will speak at 8 pm.
tomorrow: and Mrs. Anne Will
kins, chairman of the Fairfax
Board of County Supervisors
is scheduled to speak at next
months meeting. March 8,
also set for 8 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-03

DR.. H. Conrad Hoyer Of Chi
cago. executive secretary of
the councils Division Of Amer
lean Missions, explained the
new plan called for studies of
an entire area rather than spe-
cific congregations.
THE dramatic changes
within our cities resulting
from population flow and neig-
borhood change stagger the
imagination" DR.. Hoyer said.
ITO serve in the city the
churches must know what is
happening and they must
adapt their programs to the
changes that are taking place.
Because of our rural heritage,
Lutheran churches must be
especially alert"
The Lutheran leader also re-
ported that self-study pro-
grams we're undertaken in 278
congregations, including sew
eral in Washington, last year
in Is cities of IL States.
These Self-StudieS, he OBJ
served, were not "a quick
aspirin panacea for the ills of
every congregation people
who look for immediate results
are often disappointed. Con-
gregations that learn the facts
? about themselves and about
their communities do not always
resound quickly and creatively
to those facts"
Dubious Welcomes
A Washington clergyman, a
former chaplin, told the council
today that American sailors
arriving in Hong Kong are
greeted by a welcoming COM
mittee of extortion artists in
the guise of taxi drivers, rick
shaw boys. reckoning bar-girls
and greedy-eyed merchants"
DR.. Carl F. Yeager, associate
secretary Of the Lutheran Serv-
ice Commission, declared this
welcoming committee, for the
most part, is concerned only
with one thing, How much can
we get out Of the sailor before
he has his last liberty and sails
away?'"
The speaker defended the
United States military in its
efforts to combat "the problem
by every means at its disposal"
but a asserted Christians at
home must realize that the test
ing of the character and con-
duct of American servicemen
on the stretS of communities
on the streets OF communities
mately beyond the scope of
military law. 1t lies clearly
within the moral law. The serv-
iceman's moral orientation or
lack Of it began long before he
arrived on a foreign shore"
Noting the Lutheran service
centers attracted a record $685.
900 armed forces personnel
from November 1858 to October
1859, DR.. Yaeger said they
provided "off-base Ravens Of
refuge" and served as sustain
ers Of Christian faith in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-03
Lutherons Design Plan
For Population Boom
BY CASPAR NAMES
star stan Writer

ATLANTIC CITY, N j., Feb 3-A program designed
to problems by the Nations urban population boom
announced today at the National Lutheran Council meet
ing here
The gathering told that per cent of the 20 million
population increase since 1850 metropolitan
Evening star., 1960-03-27
No Rejection Seen

Mr.. Herter seemed to indicate
Friday that such rejection was not
planned. He told reporters that
the decision Of the administration
would not be impaired to the Rus
slams until the discussions with
Mr.. Macmillan had been con-
cluded. But 1t was clear that the
United States response to the lat
est Soviet proposal would be nei-
ther an acceptance nor a rejection.
In all likelihood, it will be a
partial acceptance conditioned on
Moscow's agreement to some ef-
fective. ION site" policing arrange
ment Of the moratorium on under
ground testing. The Soviet Union
has thus far been unreceptive to
such propositions.
The British Prime Minister and
the President will fly to Camp
David by helicopter tomorrow for
their conversations. White House
Evening star., 1960-03-27
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Victory in Sight
For Rights Friends

permanent between the 33rd and
34th chief executives.
When President Eisenhower was
asked at q news conference about
Negro rights to sit and eat with
whites at restaurants, he replied:
Now. my own understanding Is
that when an establishment is q.
opened under public charter g..
that equal rights are involved,
but am not sure that this is the
case whatsoever"
Mr.. Truman, the ex-haberdash-
er. was never in doubt. He re-
peated to an official of the Nation-
al Association for the Advance
ment Of Colored People what he
had said earlier to a reporter:
IF anyone came into my store
and tried to stop business, I'd
throw him out. The Negro should
behave himself and show he's a
good citizen. Common sense and
good will can solve this thing"
Evening star., 1960-03-27

Of capitalist powers. But the COM
radeship of the war was not
enough; Josef Stain lost little
time in restoring the traditional
isolation of Soviet thought from
Western influences after Hitler
had been defeated. Earl Browder,
for many years the leader of the
American Communist Party, wrote
recently that Stalin's deliberate
policy. aimed to consolidate and
perpetuate his absolute dictator
ship, was to provoke and insure
the cold war as a substitute for
the hot war with Hitler that
strengthened his position.
Under Nikita Khrushchev's di-
rection. however. the chill aloof-
ness of the Soviet empire has
been transformed. From top to
bottom of the government ap-
paratus, guarded. still very eau
tious but refreshingly cordial
camaraderie has replaced the
steely hostility so characteristic
of Soviet officialdom all during the
years of the Stain rule. But this
is not to say that the Soviet Union
has at last Joined without reserva-
ton the rest of the boys at the
club"
Valerian A. Zorin, chief Soviet
delegate at the Geneva conference
on disarmament. made it abun-
dainty clear last week that Moscow
continues to look with a jaundiced
eye on Western proposals for CON
trolls and inspection" of arms
reductions, be they ever so mutual.
He told his colleagues on Thurs
day that his country was ready to
open its skies" to inspecting
planes from anywhere, but only
after complete disarmament had
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Separate Treaty

The threat of a separate peace
treaty between the Soviet Union
and the German Democratic Re
public was repeated several times
by the Premier. AS he has sai5
consistently since the Berlin issue
was raised, Moscow would make
such a treaty with the East Ger
man regime if the West failed to
agree to an overall settlement OF
the German problem. In effect.
this means Western acceptance OF
the fact of two German nations,
peace treaties with both, and the
establishment of free city" in
Berlin.
Details of the Premier's private
talks with Gen. de Gaulle have not
been revealed, but aides said the
two statesmen had discussed dis
armament problems and partic-
ularly a nuclear test ban. On the
latter issue, Gen. de Gaulle openly
opposes such a ban until the pres
ent stockpiles of nuclear weapons
are abolished. France. he has said,
will not comply with any test ban
agreed to by the three major
nuclear powers meeting in Geneva.
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Politics.:
Third Man

Senator SymingtOn formally
announced his candidacy for the
Democratic presidential nOmi-
nation last Friday.
The Wisconsin Democratic
primary battle got rougher last
week as Senator Humphrey
scored Senator Kennedy's farm
vote record and said he could
not beat Vice President Nixon.
The tall and handsome Senator
from Missouri stood facing the
corps Of reporters in the high
ceilinged Senate Caucus Room.
He had just announced his en-
trance into the race for the DEM
ocratic presidential nomination.
A reporter wanted to know what
he would now do in his quest that
he had not already been doing.
Il just intend to work a little
harder" the Missourian replied
with an embarrassed little smile.
The question illustrated the
lack of excitement or surprise in
the announcement of the third
avowed Democratic aspirant. Mr..
Symington has been making cam
paign speeches from one end Of
the country to the other in the
past few months. Now he is Of
f1cially in there swinging with his
colleagues. Senators Kennedy and
Humphrey. Senator johnson and
Adlai Stevenson are on the side
lines, but both are available.
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Senate Prospects

The prospects in the Senate,
meanwhile, are not bright for any
liberalizing amendments. The
majority of Senator's are said to
favor the house bill with one
change: Instead Of limiting penal
ties for obstruction Of Federal
Court orders to school desegrega-
ton cases, penalize obstruction in
any and all cases.
Senator Lausche. Ohio Demo-
crat, proposed an amendment to
do this when the Dirksen bill
was under consideration a couple
weeks ago. 1t was approved over
whelmingly. IS to 10. But when
labor union lobbyists passed the
sharp word that they opposed it,
the Senate voted to drop the
entire section out of the bill.
Organized labor is ready again
to fight any such amendment.
This puts the inconvenient matter
of principle up to those Senators
who originally backed the Lausche
proposal. Should they sidetrack
principle and vote for the House
bill. as is, on the ground that
this would be the speedier and
more certain way to get some
rights bill passed this session or
should they stick by their con-
victions on what is equal and
Just?
Throughout the South. mean
while. the racial ferment mani
tested by the so-called Negro
"sit-in" demonstrations at segre-
gated lunch counters continued.
Last week, there was much dis
cussion of the moral" as well as
the legal" issue involved. Gov.
Leroy Collins of Florida provoked
a hurricane Of a different sort
when he said lunch-counter dis
elimination against Negroes may
be legal but it is not moral.
And peppery former President
Truman. never a man to mlnce
words, pointed up with his out
spokenness, the difference III tenn
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Disarmament:
Sporring

The donation special COM
mission on disarmament spent
the week at Geneva j0ckeying
for position. The basic issue,
familiar after years of talks. was
that Of international control:
Should actual disarmament pre-
cede controls, or should controls
90 step-by step with arms cuts?
The Soviet Union Of 1860 is a
far cry from the Soviet Union Of
1880. Then, and for many years
thereafter. the Moscow govern
mennt treated the non-Commu-
mist world with open suspicion If
not open hostility. In the Krem-
Inns oligarchy, there was ample
reason to question and to chal-
lenge the motives Of the "imperi-
alist" world in its dealings with
the Communist society.
World War II and the cooper
alton of Western nations with the
Soviet Union in the fight against
Hitler's Nazi legions did a lot to
lessen the inherent Soviet distrust
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Bitter Bottle

Although the final outcome. on
o broad basis, appears certain,
much bitter battling is expected
in thC Senate before that body
approves the House bill. as 1t
stands or in amended form.
When the Senate judiciary
Committee reports the bill back
to the Senate by midnight Tues
day, as ordered. the liberals, un-
happy with the moderate tone Of
the measure. will seek to amend
1t with more sweeping provisions.
The Southerners, on the other
hand, will DC fighting a last-ditch
fight to scutt!e the whole thing
and. failing in this. to water 1t
down even further.
II any changes are made. the
Senate and House will have to ap-
point a conference committee to
hammer out a recommended COM
promise which both chambers
would have to approve in new
votes. This compromise would
first have to pass through the
House Rules Committee, a usual
roadblock to civil rights legisla-
ton. However, a discharge petit
ton signed by the required 2l9
representatives would get the bill
to the floor.
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Familiar Outline

Thus did the pattern Of the
Geneva talks take on a familiar
outline as the representatives Of
five. Communist and five nom
Communist nations completed
their first week of parleys. For
the West, the proposition is con-
trolls. step-by-step, with phased
reductions in ornaments. For the
Soviet Union and its allies, the
program is progressive disama-
ment first, with controls follow.
ing each step actually accom-
plished. Again, as in the IT.
month deliberations on a nuclear
test ban, the basic issue is one Of
a mutual want of confidence in
the sincerity and integrity of the
opposition.
There were no commitments, no
assessable proposals, made at
Geneva during the week. Both
sides were apparently deliberately
vague and concerned with gen.
eralities. The principals seemed
almost to be poker players, cau-
tiously hoping to learn what the
other side held in its hand before
raising the ante. Only Jules Moch,
the French delegate, went on
record with a fiat statement, and
that was a negative one: France,
he said, would not accept nor
abide by any agreement made by
the Soviet Union, the United
States, and Britain to ban nuclear
tests.
But despite the disagreement
between East and West over
whether arms cuts or controls
should come first, there was no
gloom at Geneva over the pros
poets of the conference. The
adroit Mr.. Zorin has been stress
ing to newsmen that areas Of
agreement already existed. and
that in his view the talks were
progressing"
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Khrushchev:
Hard Hitter

Soviet Premier Khrushchev
arrived in Paris Thursday for
a 12-day visit, private talks
with President de Gaulle, and
q tour Of the provinces.
When Nikita Khrushc chev
chooses q theme. he hammers at
it with gusto. The Soviet chiefs
favorite theme since he arrived in
the French capital has been Ger
many, and he has pounded away
at every opportunity. The German
Federal Republic, he has been say
ing, seeks to undo the results of
World War II. Militarism and a
spirit of revenge, says Mr.. Khru-
shchev, motivates the Bonn gov
ernment in its foreign policy.
Playing obviously on traditional
French distrust of German power,
Mr.. Khrushchev warned solemnly
that West Germany would sooner
or later seek to expand westward:
II tell you frankly that the
possibility of change in favor of
Germany from the East is ex-
cluded completely and forever.
Germany will seek. therefore,
finally an opening to the West.
You will recall my words. You will
say that I was right"
The Premier was duly careful
to stay within the bounds of inter-
national courtesy. He disclaimed
any intention Of disrupting the
friendship existing between France
and West Germany. or of coming
between France and any of her
allies,
Evening star., 1960-03-27
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

CINCINNATI. Il have Just
spent two days discussing dis
armament with nearly 1000 Sc
lected high school students from
Ohio. Indiana, Kentucky and West
Virginia. They had gathered here
in this city on the banks of the
Ohio River for Cincinnati's 14th
annual World Affairs Institute.
The questions these young
people asked were as penetrating,
as informed, and as forward
looking as many have had from
audiences twice and three times
their age. There was no nonsense;
they wanted answers. and they
kept boring in until they got them.
Here are some samples. together
with the answers I offered:
@. Can we ever have disarma-
ment without Red China in the
u. N?
A. We can never have disarma-
ment unless Red China is. subjected
to the limitations and restraints
that are imposed on us. But this
would not necessarily mean seat
ing her in the U. N. The negotia-
tions could be conducted outside
the U. Mas, indeed, they are
right now.
II, however, the U. N. were to
be the organization that admins
tered disarmament, Red China
would not be very likely to accept
control from a body in which she
was not represented
@. Do you think Red China
ought to be In the U. N7
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Jumps the Gun

There had been reports that
Senator Symington had planned
to wait until some time in May be-
fore announcing his candidacy.
But the advances being made by
Mr.. Kennedy and the fear that
the Massachusetts, Senator might
get a real bandwagon rolling ap-
parently persuaded Mr.. Syming-
ton that he had better jump right
in lest he arrive with too little,
too late. even to force the conven-
ton to look for q compromise
nominee.
The stop Kennedy" idea also is
a key topic Of a sizable group Of
delegates to the Midwest Demo-
cratic meeting in Detroit this
week end. Many of these individ-
uals are Symington men. One of
their strategems is said to be an
effort to discount Mr.. Kennedys
probable victory over Senator
Humphrey in the Wisconsin pri-
mary on April 5.
Inc Wisconsin DaCtle last week
saw Mr.. Humphrey engage in some
real slugging, particularly his at
tack on the Kennedy farm vote
record. The MinneSotan told his
audiences that Mr.. Kennedy has
supported the unpopular Secre-
tary Of Agriculture Benson 81 times.
He added that the voters might
as well cast their ballots for Vice
President Nixon and get the real
thing, rather than an imitation
(Mr. Kennedy.
This was strong medicine. even
for those two leading neutral"
observers, Wisconsin's Democratic
Gov. Nelson and Senator Prox-
mire. They we're sharply critical
of Mr.. Humphrey and apparently
concerned about party unity next
November.
Another Humphrey line Of at
tack was that Mr.. Kennedy is
soft on Nixon" that is, he has
not blasted the probable Repub-
lican nominee by name.
Evening star., 1960-03-27

The House last week passed
and sent TO the Senate a civil
rights bill which includes the
Administrators voting referee
plan. Senate debate on the
measure opens Wednesday.
Despite one or two hairhreadth
escapes from defeat, the consen-
sus from the beginning has been
that on the matter of Congress
passing a voting rights bill the
question is not If" out when"
Last week, the House strength
ened this judgment so that there
are few who would not agree with
It. A five-point rights bill was
passed and sent to the Senate. The
key vote, on the administration
referee plan. was 295 to 124. with
172 Democrats and 1913 Republi-
cans Tor it and 100 Democrats and
"a Republicans opposed.
Here is what the bill would do:
Authorize Federal courts to
appoint referees to consider appli-
cations of persons who seek court
orders allowing them to vote in
Federal or State elections on q
claim they were barred on racial
grounds.
. Provide criminal penalties for
threatened or actual obstruction
Of Federal court orders for school
desegregation.
Provide criminal penalties for
flight across State lines to avoid
prosecution or testimony in bomb
ings or burnings of schools.
churches, dwellings and other
structures.
. Require State and local elec-
ton officials to preserve for two
years all voting and registration
records on the election of candi-
dates to Federal Office and make
such records available to the
United States Attorney General.
= Make provision for Federal
aid for schooling Of servicemen's
children in communities where
public schools close because Of
desegregation disputes.
Evening star., 1960-03-27

appears to be similar to several
restraining efforts made by British
Prime Ministers in former years.
London sources close to the For
eign once have made it clear that
British policy is favorable to meet
ing the men of Moscow at least
half way. Mr.. Macmillan's visit,
therefore, is being described as a
last-minute try for a moderate
reply to the Soviet offer. Britain,
it is said. would accept the Tsarap-
kin proposal If the moratorium
period were limited to two years.
But in any case, the British do
not want the United States to
reject the Soviet proposal out of
hand.
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Defense:
AirIift

The largest peacetime alrlift
exercise yet conducted by the
Air Force and Army ends to-
morrow, with both services hop
ing for solutions to q major
limited war problem.
For many years, there has been
a running feud between the Army
and Air Force over the problem Of
adequate airlift-the means 10
transport troops and equipment
for brushfire war readiness.
This vital problem has been
Continued on Page F-4
Evening star., 1960-03-27
A RESUME FROM The UM
Fair Questions and Straight Answers

getting the bomb. He has a num-
Der of possible reasons for want
ing disarmament. To this extent,
he could be sincere.
But he is not likely to be will
ing to pay the necessary price
inspection. Adequate inspection
would strip away the Iron Cur
tain, and this could undermine
the very foundations Of the COM
munist system. Soviet tyranny
has always been based OH secrecy
and excluSivenesS. Therefore I
am not too hopeful, except per-
haps for a test ban.
@. Doesn't that mean that in
spection would be a terrific deal
for us? Should we take some
chance to get it?
A. Here again you have to bal
ance hypothetical gain-the ben
eft to us from a more open
world-against a tangible danger.
Maybe I am being too cautious.
1t looks as if the Government is
going to have to make just such
a choice in the matter of a test
ban. President Eisenhower has
indicated he would be willing to
take some chances, because the
costs and dangers of an uncon-
trolled arms race are so great.
These are among the questions
that were thrown at me here in
Cincinnati. Like ell newspaper
men, I make my living asking
questions. I respect the ability to
bore hard and cleanly to the
heart of a problem.
These young people definitely
have 1t,
Evening star., 1960-03-27

officials expect the talks to con-
tinue through Monday and Tues
day. Diplomats along embassy
row were busy with speculation
yesterday; one Ambassador re-
marked dryly that "Mr. Macmil-
Ian has come to unbend the Pres
ident's ear after the message he
got from West German (Chan-
cellor Adenauer."
Evening star., 1960-03-27
Cuban Affairs:
Tangled

United States Ambassador
Philip BOnsal's return to his
Havana post did nothing to
quiet the Castro anti-Ameri-
can campaign. Another Castro
Naval Attache detected from
the Cuban service, charging
communism in the Castro
regime.
Fidel Castro's frenzied attacks
against the United States were
whetted last week by another air.
plane incident. A light plane from
Florida, shot down by Cuban
fighter planes, carried two citi-
zenS of the United States who
were charged with attempting to
Continued on Page F-4
Evening star., 1960-03-27

A. I suppose there would be
both advantages and disadvan-
tages. The disadvantages would
be immediate and tangible: most
of the advantages would be
hypothetical and at best deferred.
If all the possible advantages
panned out-driving a wedge be-
tween Moscow and Peiping, facili-
tating informal negotiations with
Red China, putting the Red Chi
nese on the grill for things like
Tibet, subjecting Peiping to arms
limitations and controls - they
would outweigh the disadvantages.
But who knows whether they
would pan out? Seating Red
China in the U. N. would not
necessarily mean she would nego-
tiate on disarmament. You can
lead a dragon to water, but you
can't make it drink. The result
might be just blowing off more
steam. I would have to be con-
vipced that there was definitely
something in it for us. something
of major value, before I would
want her there.
How About Inspection?
@. Can we ever have foolproof
inspection? And If we can't,
aren't we going to have to trust
the Russians?
A. There are some steps, such
as the total elimination of nuclear
weapons, which cannot be sub
jected to foolproof inspection no
matter how much freedom an
inspectorate might have. If you
took these steps, it would mean