davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-22
AIerts d-Fiqhters

1 neartlly agree With Will
liam o. Collins letter in
which he criticized Senator
johnson for censuring in a
press conference the late
Senator McCarthy's fight
against communism.
When 1 hear of such men
as Johnson in high and
mighty tones denouncing
communism and promising to
defend this country against
it, and then hear of their
censuring one who has val
iantly defended his country
against this menace, l am
reminded Of those who work
to beautify an old structure,
but object to checking 1t for
termiteS, which destroy its
very foundation.
America Is being destroyed
by citizens who will not lis
ten, who will not read, and
who will not think.
How stupid can we be?
When church members will
sit and listen (aS did one con-
gregation in Denver, Colo.)
to a visiting minister who
avowed himself a Communist
and not walk out on him,
then I think it is time to take
serious stock of ourselves as
a nation.
Just how much thought
have We given documented
reports, such as those of the
House Committee on Un-
American Activities, and
those of J. Edgar Hoover on
Communist activities in these
United States? Such activi-
ties are even in our churches
the most vital group.
The clergymen, reported by
well documented facts to
have been affiliated with
Communist fronts, did not
all become affiliated by &C
cident or by ignorance, and
they are in the National
Council and World Council of
Churches in high places.
When your writer Carlyle
Adams denies these facts, he
Is responsible for giving gross
misinformation.
Senator Joseph McCarthy's
"McCarthyism, the Fight for
America" opens our eyes to
the Communist threat to
Americas freedom. Eternal
vigilance is the price Of lib
erty." 1t may not be too late!
Blanche Berry
Evening star., 1960-08-22

people can hope for, is to
swipe the hub caps or the
windshield wipers from the
exhibited automobiles and to
sell them for a few centavos
on a thief's market.
What should be started first
and Immediately is a pro-
gram of teaching the basic
and elementary social con-
cepts. The people should be
taught to read and write, to
be hygienic, to dispense with
the three-hour siestaS during
the working day, to have
more sense of responsibility
toward their obligations and
promises "a small but an
noying eXample-being late
for appointments by hours
and sometimes days., and to
abandon the manana psy-
chology.
All this would require time
and patience, but when it
is accomplished, then we can
start talking about pouring
the rest of the millions, or
billions, of dollars into the
more spectacular and less
time consuming projects of
public works, building super
highways, airports and other
structures.
Such a program. in addi-
ton to the projects Of pri-
vate enterprise financed by
bank loans, may produce re-
suits that would convert this
entire hemisphere into a
formidable anti Communist
bastion.
James s. Sweet
Evening star., 1960-08-22
Forward in SPACE

The American-So race in space
continues to gather momentum in a
way that makes predictions about the
ultimate outcome seem altogether idle
and hazardous.
Within recent days our country has
scored several important advances. These
have included the successful launching
Of the huge Echo I communications
satellite and the recovery Zone by
spectacular "air Snatch'') of the cap
sules of DISCOVERIES XIII and XIV
the first recovery ever made of in
strumentS that had been placed in orbit
around the earth.
AS far as the historical record goes,
this is FIRST" that still stands, and
all Americans can take proper pride
in it. Over the weekend, however, it
has lost much of its luster in the light
of the Soviet Unions newest reported
achievement another truly great first"
involving the safe return to earth of
an orbiting "cosmic space ship" carry
ing two dogs and other living things,
including rats, mice, flies, seeds and
fungi.
What makes the latest Russian feat
seem particularly impressive is the fact
that the recovered vehicle has been
described ss craft weighing close to
five tons-quite big enough to carry a
human passenger or two. BY way of
contrast, the Discoverer satellites
which have yet to send living thing
on successful round-trip orbital flight
weigh only about 800 pounds. This
speaks for itself as a measure of the
current superiority of the thrust power
of Soviet rockets: They can put up pay
loads far heavier, than those that can
be put up by the family of missiles
now available to us.
In view of all this, the Russians
would seem to be oddS-on favorites to
be the first to place a man in outer
space and bring him back safe and
sound. Certainly, as they have just
demonstrated with their "menagerie"
satellite, they have what it takes to
loft highly Instrumental craft Of
great weight into orbit. And they prob
ably have learned a lot about the prob
lens of maintaining life up there and
preserving that life-whether a dogs
or a mans-for a healthy return to
mother earth.
Nevertheless, regardless of what the
gambling odds are said to be, our Mer-
curry Project continues very much in be-
ing, and we have the thrust power to
carry it out. One of the seven "Astro-
nautS" engaged in it will be rocketed
into space on nonorbital flight later
this year, and the big orbital shot is
scheduled to take place some time in
1861. There is still a chance, in short,
that we will succeed in doing the job
before the Russians.
In any event, the race as whole
is likely to be neck and neck for long
time to come. And maybe, If one may
be optimistic for a moment, it will end
in draw, with all parties cooperating
in space for the peaceful progress of
mankind.
Evening star., 1960-08-22
VIS7AS IN SCIENCE
Sea Gravity Measured on Surface
By THOMAS r. HENRY

The first successful surface
measurements of gravity in
the open sea were made as
part in the International
GeophySical Year program by
physicists of the Lamont
Geological Observatory Of
Columbia University.
This was made possible by
a new instrument, a sea grav-
imeter, developed by DR.. An
ton Graf, Of the University of
Munich. Gravity measures
for ocean areas in the past
had to be measured in sub
marines submerged to quiet
depths. Difficulties in obtain
ing and fitting submarines
for this purpose greatly re-
stricted the accumulation of
gravity data for the 80 per
cent of the earth's surface
covered by water. The new
instrument makes it possible
to take gravity measure
ments easily and quickly in
moderately calm seas any
place on earth.
Fills Major Gaps
Until the introduction of
the sea gravimeter there had
been less than 5000 meas
urements of gravity on the
ocean bottoms all over the
world. The new instrument
made it possible to fill in the
major gaps in the world net
work, necessary for deter
mining the precise shape of
the planet, which were chief
ly in the Arctic, Antarctic
and ocean areas and to relate
existing networks, mostly ma
tlonal in character, to each
other so as to produce a first
order world network.
The Lamont Observatory,
one of the major organiza-
tions in the American Geo.
physical Year program, al
ways had been a leader in
this work. In ten years, using
pendulumS in submerged sub
marines, its scientists had
more than half of all
the measurements on record.
Gravity determinations at
sea actually only were started
in 1927 by the Dutch geo.
physicist Vening Meinesz,
Evening star., 1960-08-22
THE PASSING SCENE
Pearl Horbor' in q Moscow Court
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE

ing his country's assailants
in slandering that country,
in violation of his RESPONSE
bllity as an American citizen.
But he was more than a
private citizen who had got
into difficulty abroad. He was
a soldier, if not in uniform,
Of the United States-specifi-
cally Of its most urgent arm
in the cold war. the Central
Intelligence Agency.
Knew the Risks
When he accepted his job
and at $4,000 a year it
was an infinitely better job
than his background could
ever otherwise have found
for him-he took his chances.
Here was no little boy who
had lost his way in the So
Wet labyripths. Here was a
man on a high mission who
knew in advance Of its risks
and of its privileges.
Was he entitled then upon
capture-a capture which it
was bluntly his duty to avoid
at every cost, including the
final cost of death itself-to
save himself in the way he
did? Is a ships officer on a
raft flung from a sinking
liner entitled to kick of
the passengers if the raft,
too. begins to sink? His duty
is far more than theirs, for
he is a part of the ships re-
sponsible command.
Now I know it is seemingly
a cruel thing to say that an
other man should die, if
dying is the only way to pro-
tect his country. But mil
lions of men, far less IA
vored than Powers, have
died when they had to die
to maintain their duty. Many
of us have seen hundreds of
our friends so die, not gladly
but Stoically, in the infan-
try outfits of the United
States Army. An intelligence
officer has no more immuni-
ty from death, when death is
required of him, than any
exhausted platoon leader in
Normandy, on Two Jinla or
wherever.
With no wish to persecute
one man, it is still sadly
necessary to say it: In that
Moscow courtroom we have
suffered a small, an intimate,
a personal Pearl Harbor-
but not. unhappily, an in
significant one.
Evening star., 1960-08-22

Is 1t a missile lag" or a
space lag" that should most
trouble us as we confront
the massive and brooding
hostility of the Soviet Union
across the world?
Or is 1t, instead, really a
lag in our national character,
a decline in our old stand
ards of personal CUTS and
personal responsibility? What
value all our progress in the
weapons we produce if we
are to produce fewer and
fewer strong. grown-up men?
What price the old words like
duty" and "honor?" Has a
sophomore pseudo-sophisti-
cation snickered these words
out of OUR national Ian
guage?
These melancholy ques-
tions arise in this CORE
spondent's mind in the after
light of the Moscow trial of
Francis Powers, the pilot of
the American "spy plane"
1t is not a comfortable thing
for a man who works in safe
ty to pass judgment on an
other man caught up far
from home in an alien, So
called court" for a criminal
mission" on which his supe-
riors had sent him.
The easy, the sentimental.
way would be to sympathize
with Powers-to say that
after all he had his life to
save and so why should he
not have co-operated with
his Russian accuserS?
But this would be a view as
stickily dishonest as it would
be superficially compassion
ate.
Aided Accusers of U. S.
For Powers was co-operat-
ing not so much with Pow
ers' own accusers as with the
accuserS of his government
and his country. He was not,
in the language of the Amer
lean criminal courts. simply
coping a plea" for him.
self. He was coping a plea
for the United States of
America. First, he had saved
his own life by permitting his
aircraft and its secrets to
fall into enemy hands. at the
expense Of his own country's
vital interests and in viola
ton Of his duty.
Next, in the trial itself, he
again saved his life by join
Evening star., 1960-08-22

who had developed a pendu-
lum apparatus for use on the
spongy soil of his native land.
He found that the same pen
dulum could be used in sub
marines. He had made more
than 1900 measurements up
to the beginning of the Sec
old World War.
Besides being easier to use,
the new sea surface gravi-
meter has additional advan-
tages over the submarine
pendulums. The Columbia
geophysicists, for example,
were able to complete in nine
hours surveys of limited
ocean bottom areas which
had required two weeks with
the older method. The data
were reduced in about six
hours. Two weeks hitherto
had been required. In the
nrst tests surface measure
ments were started 200 miles
southeast of New York, at a
point where measurements
had been started by a Navy
submarine ten years before.
These measurements were
continued along path which
closely duplicated that of the
sub from the deep sea basin
across the continental slope
and onto the continental
shelf. ending off Fire Island,
New York. Here the amazing
time saving was demon
strated.
Special Platform Needed
A gyroscope-s tabilized
pldIloTm on Shlpboard Is
about the only essential, for
the instrument must be kept
constantly steady and level.
Corrections in the crude
readings also must be made
for several factors, one be-
ing the speed of the earth's
rotation.
Eventually, it is believed,
the instrument will be in
stalled on all oceanograpllic
research ships, with a con-
slant accumulation of gravity
data to improve the picture
OF the earth's shape. This will
be especially applicable to ir-
regularities of the mantle
under the thin crust of the
ocean bottoms.
Evening star., 1960-08-22
Critical of ANA

Inc pOIlIlCaI Lobbyists OF
our American Medical Asso-
citation have spent millions
fighting So-called socialized
medicine. They never have
failed to lose friends and dis
gust our long suffering pa
tients. When Congress pre-
sumed to include disability
insurance in workers con-
tributory social security COW
erage. ANA reactionaries
branded it creeping socialism.
Now. with full-page ads our
ANA brass sternly warns
Congress not to include
health security for the aged
in the Nations program to
provide for the general well
fare. Allegedly speaking for
10000 organized doctor
workers. our ANA contends
the Forand principle insults
the solvent old folks and robs
their doctors of professional
freedom. AS one who has been
an ANA member for 35
years, may I presume to ask:
When and where was the bal
loting which made our ANA
the exclusive bargaining
agent in respect to the
Forand principle?
The Forand principle pro-
poses a rule of law in pro-
viding for the eventual
health security of all of us
when we no longer can work.
While we are able to work,
We would contribute to a
self-help, health security in
surance reserve. Under the
Forand principle there would
be a single national standard
Of costs, assessments and
health security benefits. Con-
gresham Forand's principle
includes a consideration
which will make the physi-
cian-patient relationship a
legal contract. Without that
legal consideration, who will
be accountable to the patient
for incompetence, malprac-
tice and criminal neglect?
Are the hospitals, nursing
homes or nurses to be held
responsible? Since when has
anyone but a qualified Ii
censed doctor been able to
exercise the authority and
responsibility contemplated
in the legislative proposals of
the opposition?
Our ANA and the political
opposition prefer a dole to
the Forand principle of work.
er contribution and self
help. If the health security of
Evening star., 1960-08-22

apparent that strongarm
methods have failed as an
efficient crime control system.
There must be more intelli-
gent and systematic plans in
troduced. The resources are
available in our own commu-
nifty, why don't we use them?
Harry E. Crawford.
Evening star., 1960-08-22
CurtoiIinq Crime


crime rate has continued to
climb alarmingly is not sur
prising in view of the mild
discipline meted out by the
city's courts. This molly
coddling Of criminals is re-
sponsible for the lack of
respect for law and order
shown by the typical D. C.
offender.
I predict that the five teen
ayers recently arrested in
Virginia and handed stiff
sentences will return to their
homes after serving their
sentences with a healthy
fear of the law" alarmingly
lacking in this beautiful city.
Virginia judges do not let the
plea Of insanity turn every
other murderer and rapist
back on the streets after a
few months hospital OBJ
servation.
Any sensible parent knows
that when dealing with Inn
maturity a quick slap on the
wrist accompanied by a firm
mol" gets better results than
a lot of talk beyond the sub
ject's mental level. I would
like to see justice meted out
in my native city in a manner
that everyone can understand
and respect. so that I might
once more walk without fear
on its streets.
Adopted Virginian
-
The Metropolitan Area is
becoming alarmed at the
= ever increasing crime rate
when the reasons for this in
crease becomes more appar-
ent every day.
The solution does not lie
n hiring more muscles in
our police departments; we
need more brains.
1t Is even more unfortunate
that law enforcement agen-
cies seem to have become as
sacred as Nom" They have
immunity from criticism al
most incompatible in this
country. Editorialists, for
some unknown reason, have
avoided making any comment
concerning the integrity Of
police activities.
The answer to curtailment
OF the increasing crime rate
is known to some men in our
own community. There are
crime control experts at the
Universities Of Maryland and
George Washington who have
devoted their lives to the
study Of crime prevention and
control. These men, who are
known Nationwide, are not
heard in their own commu-
mites. One Of these capable
men was publicly criticized for
conducting a new and sensible
correctional institution in
New England, although his
ability and integrity are Vn-
questionable. True it will take
time for results to be evident
if the ideas of these men are
utilized, but the public must
be made to realize that there
has to be a starting point
somewhere, and soon. 1t is
Evening star., 1960-08-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDrtterS' correct
names and addresses. al
letters are subject to con-
denSdtton.
Evening star., 1960-08-22

bile engine the actual power
OF the car when 1t is being
uSed?-T. U.
A. No. Horsepower ratings
are calculated for a stripped
engine, and are maximum
ratings. The horsepower is
greatly reduced when the en-
gine is installed in a car and
goes into actual operation.
The effective (usable) horse
power of an engine may be
far less than its maximum
rating.
Q. When did the Supreme
Court rule on real estate
covenants barring the sale or
rental of property to
Negroes?-L.E.
A. On May 8, 194s, the
Supreme Court ruled that
covenants barring Negroes or
other racial groups from
owning or living on prop
erty were legally not enforce
able. The legality of the
covenants, however. was not
affected by the ruling. The
decision, handed down by
Chief Justice Fred M. Vim
son, covered cases in St.
Louis, Detroit and the Dis
trict Of Columbia.
Evening star., 1960-08-22
Questions and Answers
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

writing % can s an snsTr by mail question fact
~ Fease lnclose return postage
Evening star., 1960-05-28
Real Estate Licenses

B. M. Condit, with Marvin
Brown Associates.
Willet M. Davis, with P.
H. Harris.
Joseph G. Erberts, with
Shore Club Estates, Inc.
Ralph E. Gooch, with
Northwest Properties.
Harold G. Hemming. with
Murray Levine Enterprises.
Inc.
Grace A. Webster Hooper,
with Southeast Realty Co.
Helen Estes Houston, with
Korzendorfer Realty, Inc.
Carol j. Mercogliano, with
Rutherford & Shulley, Inc.
Meyer Morse. with Dort-
man & Co.
Hans w. NeStler, with
James C. Conley & Co., Inc.
Evening star., 1960-05-28

4e average as 100) has risen
from 234 in February to 252
in March and on to 266 in
April.
Heaviest loser between last
April and this year was resi-
Dental work. April'S residen-
tial building contracts to-
tailed Sis billion, down 19 per
cent from the same month
last year. The number of
dwelling units covered by
this April's contracts was
110,603. a drop of % per cent
from last April's.
NonreSidential building
contracts during April were
approximately 81 billion,
down IL per cent from April,
1859, and heavy engineering
contracts were $832.5 million,
up 9 per cent. The rise in
heavy engineering was prin-
cipally due to three large
pipeline contracts the firm
said.
Evening star., 1960-05-28
Repairing
Bathroom
Tile

While tiled walls have been
giving way to tiled wallboard,
there are thousands Of bath
= rooms and kitchens in which
the real tile is still in use,
and more often than not is in
need Of repairing.
When the joints between
the tiles have fallen out they
should be replaced as soon as
possible.
A pointing -trowel is the
proper tool to use on this
work. The new material can
be bought by the package,
usually under the name of
patching plaster, although
some caulking compounds are
also satisfactory.
The first step is to scratch
out any loose joint material
and dust out the crevice.
Next step is to wet the crevice
thoroughly if you are using
patching plaster, but not if
you are using compound. The
new mix should be poked in
to make a full joint and
struck of neatly with the
trowel.
After this has set hard, any
excess should be wiped off
at once with a wet cloth.
Some workmen prefer plas-
ter-of-Paris for this work,
but it sets up so hard and
so rapidly that it is not rec
commended for the average
person.
When a tile has come of
completely it can usually be
replaced with ease by coating
the back of it with any of the
? good cernents now available,
and pressing it back in place.
The repointing of the joints
can follow as instructed
above.
Real tile-work is expensive
to replace. 1t would now cost
you quite a lot for a small
bathroom, so it should be
treated and maintained ac-
cordingly.
released by the Bell syndicats)
Evening star., 1960-05-28
April Contracts
Show Rising Trend

Contracts awarded during
April for future construction
in the United States covered
some $3.4 billion worth of
work, the F. w. Dodge Corp,
construction news and mar
keting specialists, reported
this week.
While the figure was IL per
cent below the total of April
a year ago, the firm noted
that it was still the second
highest April on record.
April, 1859, the firm also
pointed out, was with allow
ance for seasonal adjust
ments. the highest month in
history 80 that a decline
from this peak is hardly
alarming"
The firm also found en-
couragement in the pattern
of February, March and April
of this year. Its seasonally
adjusted index (using a 1947-
Evening star., 1960-05-28

Recent license issuances
announced by the District
Real Estate Commission in
clude:
Reel Estote Brokers
David F. Farley.
William D. Lucas, trading
as william D. Lucas Co.
Irwin SchwarZ.
Edward B. Wise, vice presi-
dent, Arlington Realty Co.,
Inc.
Reel EStofe SoIesmen
Laurence w. Allen, with
James E. Scott.
James H. Britt, with Ralph
D. Kaiser & Co.
Philip N. Chantiles, with
''Penny's" Realty Co.
Philip Florian Cherp, with
Hildebrand Co.
Evening star., 1960-05-28

pushing someone into the
water for fun" can cause a
serious accident.
Maintaining safety is the
first of the pool-owner's re-
SponSibilities-but it isn't the
only one.
The pool bottom and sides
must be secured at regular
intervals, to dispose of sub
stances which accumulate.
Pool vacuums and skimmers
help do this job.
An important Job is to
keep the water free of bac-
terra.
In any pool, millions OF
fort is slightly alkaline (read-
ing of 7.6).
invisible bacteria and algae
can be found in the water.
To combat bacteria and algae,
manufacturers of swimming
pool water treatment prod
ucts have developed sani-
Tiers and water treatment
materials.
Testing the water for chlo-
rine content has been made
simple by testing kits. When
the pool is busiest, chlorine
is consumed most rapidly.
More frequent water tests are
needed to make sure the
chlorine residual is up to
protection level.
But there's more to be con-
sidered than chlorine. Today'S
pool owners are aware of an
other important term-the
PHI factor. But it. too. can be
determined easily with home
pool test kits.
The PHI factor is a meas
ure of the acidity or alkalin-
ity of the, water. rated on a
scale ranging from to IA.
A reading below 7 (neutraD
means the water is acid.
Reading above 7 means the
water is on the alkaline side.
The ideal for swimming COM
Evening star., 1960-05-28
Taking Care Of a Pool

Here are a few precautions
that every pool-owner has to
think about.
Young children should be
supervised at all times. A
pool should never be left &C
cesSible to children without
adult supervision.
Make sure to wait at least
two hours after eating before
plunging in-swimming on a
full stomach can cause
cramps.
Remove all glasses and
bottles from pool area
broken glass is a menace to
bare feet.
Horseplay, such as duck
Ing or showing must be curbed
Evening star., 1960-05-28

Acidity Of pool water re-
suits in eye burn, disagree
able odors. cloudy water due
to the small impurities in
solution, and corrosive dam
age of the pool surfaces and
fittings.