davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Old Zoo Problem

The animals at the National Zoo
are in the middle of the long -drawn-out
battle between the District of Columbia
and the Smithsonian Institution over
the financing of the Rock Creek Park
menagerie. The fiscal feuding continued
at the late session of Congress as in
the past-and there seems to be little
prospect Of an early settlement. Mean
while the zoo, a national attraction, is
falling far Behind in an improvement
program which should have been started
long ago.
AS matter of fact, the basis for
the feud was laid more than go years
ago, when Congress made the mistake
of assigning to the District the RESPONSE
bility for financing the zoo, then as now
branch Of the Smithsonian Institu-
ton. 1t was and is the only part of that
national establishment included in the
District budget (Sixty years ago the
Federal payment to the District was on
$3.50 basis. Today the Federal-D District
ratio is about 10-90.) The original ac-
ton by Congress was vigorously pro-
tested by Senator ingalls, of Kansas as
oil A4uOIAd dI1O1I VI PC4ACCI tyIdIllly. 11S
pointed out that "the people Of the
District of Columbia have absolutely
nothing whatever to do with that park
or its maintenance or its management"
The Kansan was right then and
what he said holds true today with even
more verify. For a count of zoo visitors
has shown that only one in five are
from Washington. This evidence Of the
national character of the zoo was cited
by the District in urging a change in
appropriation policy, with the Smith
Sonian Institution bearing a substantial
share of the cost of operating and
improving the zoo. But the Smithson-
ian regents, one Of whom is Chairman
Cannon of the House Appropriations
Committee, have objected successfully.
So the ZOO, UNDERSTANDABLE, has felt
the heavy hand of the District budget
cutters. The only permanent solution
of this problem is to put the main re-
sponsihility for financing the zoo where
it belongs-on the Smithsonian Insti-
tuition.
Evening star., 1960-10-02

We are now in a time
when the records of Con-
gresham Joel T. Broyhill Of
the Tenth Virginia District
and other candidates for
public office are being re-
viewed. Deserved attention
is being concentrated toward
major projects such as air
ports, bridges. roads, schools
and the like. These are
spectacular and worthy en-
terprises and stand high in
public awarenesS and inter-
est. Congressman Broyhill's
splen did contribution in
these areas is we'll known
and frequently cited in the
press.
I would like to point to an
other stateSmanlike demon
stration on the part of Con-
gresSsman Broyhill which is
less publicized and thus
probably less known to the
public. I refer to his whole
hearted support and action
in connection with the haz-
ard Of accidental capture
and suffocation of children
in idle refrigerators and
freezers. This record should
be Of interest and gratifica-
tion to parents and others
having direct concern with
the health and safety of
children.
I suggest. especially to the
mothers and fathers of
young children, that except
for Congressman Broyhill's
humanitarian devotion to
this problem the inadequacy
Of present safeguards might
have remained unexposed to
re-evaluation. Such re-eval-
uation is expected when
hearings on his bill are
conducted by the House Sub
committee on Interstate and
Foreign Commerce.
Gaylord b. Kidwell,
Colonel, USA (ret.).
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Foul and Smelly

In your paper Of Septem-
Der %. I noticed this head
line: Nickel Seen Causing
Cigarette Lung Cancer.
Even if nickel is removed
from cigarette or cigar
smoke, there will be plenty Of
other poisonS in the smoke
for people to breath. Ciga-
rettes and cigars are foul and
smell to high heaven.
Raney COppadge.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Transit Fares

I. for one. am fed up with
the antics Of the D. c. Transit
System. Is the United States
Government so short Of funds
that the bills of the transit
system must be met by the
low-income citizens Of the
area?
We, Of the low and static
incomes would drive our own
cars If we had cars but we
are dependent upon street
cars and buses which are
fast becoming luxury items.
Since I moved into the area
the screws have been tight
ened considerably and we are
again faced with a further
fare raise.
A recent report by j. Will
liam Faulk. chief accountant,
stated that the March raise
is giving the company "a
reasonable return" in fact
one $234,000 over the COM
parable period a year ago.
Who paid it? Not the gentle
men who gave us the 25-cent
fare. And If it isn't transit
fares 1t is a higher sales tax;
anything to load the low In
comes with grief while Gov
ernment employees enjoy a
ridiculous 71a% raise in pay.
Isn't it enough that apples
are 20 cents a pound, in the
apple Season-in an apple
country?
I spent the spring months
In Toronto, Ontario, a city of
approximately the same size
as Washington. with a sub
urban population of a million
and tighter downtown traffic
congestion than we suffer.
A few years ago Toronto put
in a north-south subway
that SiphonS untold thou
sands off the street at 5 pm.
An east-west line is under
construction. The fare both
on the surface and in the
subway, is Is cents. Until
recently tokens were four for
SO cents, and a Is cent ticket
or token will carry a passen-
ger the length and breadth
of a great city and into the
suburbs by virtue Of trans
fers. Toronto is not a Federal
city; they pay their own bills.
Grifiith Harrington.
Evening star., 1960-10-02

sculptured likeness, a gift
from England, stands on a
pedestal in our National
Capitol, is saying to all those
who boast Of their freedom:
Men are qualified for civic
liberty in exact proportion to
their disposition to put chains
upon their own appetite. 1t
Is ordained in the eternal
constitution of things that
men Of intemperate habits
cannot be free. Their pas
sions forge their fetters."
These tragic first months
Of the fateful SOS have wit
messed the untamed impulses
Of unshackled millions cry
ing out for unbridled free
dom, clamoring with clinched
fists for their rights. This
is one Of the symptoms Of
what is being called "the
world revolution" The hu-
man seething unrest Of to-
day has in it both glory and
tragedy. The tragedy lies in
the fact that the stirring
multitudes demanding the
fruits Of emancipation with
out its roots seem strangely
obliviouS to the cost and.
maintenance Of the freedom
they demand. Our own free
land is teeming with slaves
they have enslaved themselves
with what they are doing
with the gift of freedom.
Said a United States Senator,
seeing what SO many Of his
countrymen are doing to and
with their dearly bought
liberty: Unless discipline
and obedience can be brought
back to America we are on
our way to the junk heap"
There is no human rela-
tionship in this giddy, gilded
age, so rich in things and
poor in soul, in which there is
not evidence of the sordid
symptoms of freedom going
to the devil of license for
lack Of the brakes and reins
Of authority.
This is an hour of destiny
for those outside the Iron
and Bamboo Curtains to listen
intently as our democracy
looks its undisciplined de-
votees straight in the eyes,
and asks: What do you pur-
pose to do with your free
dom? Why do you want it?
Perhaps you're not fit to be
trusted with it." A So-called
freedom standing alone, iso-
lated from the only things
that give it stamina-justice,
loyalty. honor and brother
hood-may be but an instru-
ment to degrade personality
or even with which to COM
NIT spiritual suicide.
George Matheson has cap
tured the slavery Of liberty"
IN his pertinent lines:
Make me a captive, Lord,
And then / shall be free;
Force me to render up my
SWord,
And / shall conQueror be.
MY heart is lDedk and poor
Until it master find;
1t has no spring OF action
sure
1t UdrieS Dith the Uind.
1t cannot freely mope
Till Thou hast wrought its
chain;
EnSlGve it Dith Thy match
less loDe,
And dedthleSS it shall reign.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
100 Years AGO

A strong emotional appeal
was made to the voting pub
lie a century ago by a live
wire young Republican
marching outfit known as the
Wide Awakes. Nobody slept
when these fellows turned
out. There were thousands
of them. They wore glazed
capes of bright colors (to
ward of the drippings Of
their oil-burning torches)
and snappy military caps.
They swung along in we'll
drilled formations, accom-
panied by crashing brass
bands and to the roar of
cadenced cheering. If their
noisy enthusiasm for Abra-
ham Lincoln was contagious,
they must have sent quite a
few infected ones to the polls.
The Star of September 25,
1860 said: Last evening, the
Wide Awake Association Of
this city met in large num-
bers at the Republican Wig
wan on the corner of Indiana
avenue and Second street, for
the purpose of a dress drill.
After transacting some busi-
ness and receiving a large
number of applications for
admission into their ranks,
the members, in uniform.
went through their various
military evolutions with a
remarkable degree of skill
and dexterity. The associa-
ton will decide this week
whether to participate in the
grand Wide-Awake demon
stration to take place shortly
in New York City. :" The
big show in Manhattan was
staged the night of October
3, and The Star quoted the
New York Times impression
of the event: Down Broad
way swept the cleaning tide,
all the illuminations in store
fronts, windows and signs
paling and waning under the
supreme brilliancy of the on
ward waves Of light. From
many thousand windows and
from the balconies of all the
chief hotels, spectators Of all
ages and both sexes looked
down as in a dream on the
crimson billows beneath them.
Shrill and quick were the
words Of command, silently
obeyed. Endless appeared the
ever-unfolding links of the
Evening star., 1960-10-02

growing chain. the discip-
lined Wide-Awakes kept ad-
mirable time to the band mu-
sic played at the head of
each detachment-Such airs
as Hail Columbia Yankee
Doodle and popular melodies
from Norma appearing
those most in vogue with the
directors in charge of this
part of the entertainment.
The procession had IL or IL
thousand torches of many
colors, each blazing like a
star. At regular intervals
along the line of march,
rocket batteries and Roman
candles sent up glittering
streams of fire, these lights
casting sudden and strange
tints of red. green. yellow,
blue and white effulgence
over the faces set and packed
in each window, like pictures
Evening star., 1960-10-02
y - oAAAS
so Years AGO

A kingdom expired and a
new republic was born so
years ago as revolution swept
Portugal. The Star of Octo-
ber 6, 1910 said: king
Manuel Of Portugal is today
in exile from his capital,
which for the moment Is in
the undisputed control of
revolutionists. Public order
has been restored in Lisbon.
The royal family is
reported bound in the royal
yacht for the protective
shores of England :"
Dynamiting of a California
newspaper, resulting in the
death Of 20 persons, made
Nation wide headlines so
years ago. The Star Of Octo-
ber /, 1910 reported. THE
building and plant of the
Los Angeles Times, Of which
Gen. Harrison Gray Otis is
Evening star., 1960-10-02
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tortters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condensa-
tion. Those not used tOiIl be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
The Slavery of Liberty
By DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate


That principle runs through
all life. Every person gain
ing proficiency in any one
of the great arts has paid
for that excellence by scorn-
ing delights and living la
borious days.
When freedom is taken to
mean doing what comes nat
urally" the inevitable re-
suit is Illustration and medi-
ocrity. When the green light
go" is. interpreted as don't
fence me in with safety
rules and eternal vigilance
and caution" the driver is
headed for dire trouble for
himself and others. With
keen insight into human be-
havior Huxley declared, "A
mans difficulties begin when
he is able to do as he
pleases."
st. Paul was warning as
to what freedom run riot
can do to spoil life's music
by choices which in the end
destroy freedom. To the ear
ly Christians boastfully rev.
elling in their freedom, he
wrote: "For you were called
to freedom. Only do not use
freedom as an opportunity
of the flesh, but through
love be servants Of one an
other" The big "if" with
regard to the maintenance Of
any freedom is in the will
ingness to be servants Of one
another. Selfishness always
writes epitaphs for freedom.
After the American Consti-
tuition was adopted and the
Ship of State was launched
on the uncertain interna-
tional sea, a rather puzzled
woman of keen, inquiring
mind, came to Benjamin
Franklin and asked him as
one of the architects and
launchers: What have you
now given to the inhabitants
of the former colonies In
place Of the British fetters?"
Franklin, who during the de-
liberation in Continental Hall
had suggested the daily
prayer, which was ordered,
and had thus emphasized the
responsibilities. rather than
the rights, Of the freedom
they were seeking to estab-
lish, replied: I'VE have given
you a free Republic if you
can keep it."
All, that is the rub-that
tremendous "it" you can keep
it! But, can anybody perma-
nently keep 1t when it is
once attained? 1t was that
solemn IF" Abraham Lincoln
was glimpsing when at Get
tySburg he raised the question
whether such a Government.
conceived in freedom, can
long endure.
The fundamental fact about
freedom has been succinctly
put by Bishop Gerald Ken
nedy of the Methodist
Church: ITO be free means
finding the laws of our being
and obeying them. Freedom
is not the removal of author
ity, but the discovery of a
real authority. 1t is not the
absence of discipline. but is
finding the discipline which
will make us able to enter
into our inheritance and ac-
complish our destiny" Here
are stated inexorable princi-
Piles which apply to individ-
uals and to social systems.
Toynbee, in his survey Of
the centuries, lists more than
a dozen wrecked civilizations
which have had their day
and ceased to be because they
allowed liberty to degenerate
into luxury and license. That
suggests that freedom is the
most risky thing in the world,
for always liberty must be
limited to be possessed. The
best recipe for making a
complete man is to give him
a master whose yoke is gladly
accepted.
Edmund Burke, whose
Evening star., 1960-10-02

still are missing from the G. o. P.
housing program. But the real battle
in this area is less likely to come on
details than on the general concept of
the role of the Federal Government
and Mr.. Nixon dispelled unequivocally
any doubt as to how he feels on that.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Competent Teachers

y
rials, one Is surprised by some
Of the statements made in
the discussion Of Competent
Teachers" which appeared in
your newspaper September
26. In particular. the aSser-
ton that "too few incompe-
tent teachers have received
unsatisfactory ratings in the
past" Is very questionable.
You seem to think that
there must be something
wrong with a school system
where a great many teachers
are not dismissed for incom-
petence. That type Of reason
ing is not necessarily sound.
The simplest explanation is
the best one in this case.
Very few Washington public
school teachers receive un-
satisfactory ratings because
practically all of them have
done satisfactory work.
Teachers and officers in
the District public schools
are selected by a rigid ex-
animation; and, in addition
to that, they must show evi-
dence of thorough training
in their subject matter and
in professional courses in
education, to secure perma-
nent appointment in our sys-
tenn. This means that very
few unfit people secure pro-
bationary or permanent sta
tus in the Washington pub
lie schools. In very simple
language, then, not many are
rated as incompetent. be-
cause almost all of them are
competent.
The employees Of the school
system in this city are a
highly trained group of pro-
feSsional people like doctors,
lawyers or engineers. No one
thinks there is anything
wrong with the legal profess
sion because very few of its
members are disbarred. It
does not occur to people to
regard the medical profess
sion as lax because its prac-
titioners are not often found
guilty Of malpractice. In both
cases, the process of selection
is rigid; and unfit persons
cannot enter in great pro-
portion. The same is true Of
the teaching profession in
the District of Columbia. Very
few incompetent people Sc
cure permanent status there
and, consequently, it is sell
dom necessary to dismiss
anyone.
1t will, moreover, be detri-
mental to the Washington
schools to start any hasty
procedure for getting rid Of
teachers. That would merely
give a nationwide impression
that the employees Of our sys-
tenn. have no security or ten
ure. That would frighten
competent teachers away
from the Capital and attract
no one. The people of this
city should try to think of
ways to bring additional
competent teachers to our
schools. rather than think up
methods driving out imagi-
nary incompetents.
Don B. GoOdlOe.
Editors Note: The COM
ments Of Mr.. Goodloe, who is
a teacher at Dunbar High
School and is the legislative
representative of Teachers
Union No. 6, American Fed
Grafton of Teachers. misrep-
resents completely the point
of the editorial. The point
is not that the District school
system is riddled with in
competents. The point is that
there is no excuse for keeping
any incompetents, no matter
how few there may be, on the
payroll, and that the present
machinery for identifying
and eliminating incompetent
teachers is woefully inadequ-
ate. This is a problem on
which school officials have
expressed themselves many
times. and we support their
efforts Tn correct IL
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Is Years AGO

n IOkJSlucu wal WdS UUuCIl6u
off Is years ago as Musso-
lini'S mechanical Italian
forces stormed Halle SelaS-
sizes primitive Ethiopian de-
fenses. The Star of October 3,
1885, said: Official Ethiopian
reports of an Italian bombing
raid into Ethiopia today sig
nalized the long-feared
beginning of war in East
Africa. A British source char
acterized the alleged bombing
as the declaration Of war
the only declaration there
will be- The Adds Ababa cor
respondent Of the Exchange
Telegraph Agency reported
that 1.700 persons had been
killed or wounded. The
wild Danakhil tribes were
said to have engaged the ad-
vancing Italians in Tigre
Province. -"
The Detroit Tigers ran up
their first world champions
pennant Is years ago, thump-
ing the Chicago Cubs 4 games
to 2. The Star Of October 8,
1885, reported after the final
game: Detroit woke up today
with a terrific hangover, emo
tionally and otherwise. &.
Manager Mickey Cochrane
and the ancient eaglebeak,
Goose Goslin. were copart-
ners in slaughtering Chicago's
young scrappy Cubs. The be-
loved, bow-legged Goose,
nearing the end of his trail,
but still a great money play
er, slapped a line single with
two out in the ninth to score
Cochrane with the series win
ming run, :"
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Query for Mr.. KuuI

It would be interesting to
know If Mr.. Ralph Kaul is
attempting to hitch his
"braggin'" to a star, the
star" In this case being the
Democratic Party. Could it
be that the ABC brains"
have sensed that q Democra-
tic victory might be forth
coming and have advised
thusly: Look, Ralph, get on
the Democratic wagon
your chances look a little
better that way?
AS all Tenth District DEM
ocrats know, Mr.. Kaul has
been active in and promi-
nently allied with the ABC
splinter faction in Arlington
Couty and his ABC col
leagues have done him proud
for many years. Now what's
up? Is he diSowning his own
party? I have not heard him
say in any Of his campaign
speeches that he is a mem
Der Of the ABC party. nor
has he "owned up" to such
afflliation in his brochure
wherein he sets forth many
of his achievements and al
legiances (?). We all know
that he resigned from the
Democratic Executive Com
mittee last year so that he
could make the race for the
Arlington County Board as
an ABC Notwithstanding
against Democrat Al Grove.
He even went so far in his
speeches as to criticize good
Democrats for supporting AL
Grove.
Now actually, what is Mr..
Kaul-Democrat. ABCer, o
Just plain opportunist?
Freda L. WOmeldOrph,
President, Arlington County
Women's Democratic Club.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
FROM THE STAR FILES.

editor, was destroyed by an
explosion and fire shortly
after l o'clock today. The
management places the blame
on labor unions, with which
the paper has long been en-
gagged in bitter warfare :"
The Times had been cam
paigning for an open shop.
In a sensational trial that
wasn't concluded until a year
later, James B. Mcnamara,
who had been defended by
Clarence Darrow, finally
pleaded guilty. Labor leader
Samuel Gompers had called
the trial a "frame.llp."
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Good Question

To me America is the most
beautiful word in our Ian
guage. Why should some
people want to corrupt the
name of our beloved country
by pronouncing it "Ameri-
kerr?
X. d. VaSS.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Proisinq Mr.. BroyhM

Grimth Harrington.
Evening star., 1960-10-04
Local Decorators DisDIQv
Creations in Novel Exhibit

family room" and "tea for
two" in a classical setting.
To describe some Of the
many settings:
Serge Sacknoff has created
a section Of a Sculpture
Gallery" in the home.
Mr.. Sacknoff's object was
to create an area Of the home
devoted to display Of a private
collectors sculpture. 1t pre-
sentS a section of such an
area. which can be elaborated
upon for a larger area, an
entrance hall or q special
room devoted to this subject
display.
Clifford Powell's setting is
color conscious, displaying
uses Of Naples Yellow with
the soothing color tone,
Satin.
There's also . garden pavi-
lion, a European sitting room,
and a duplicate setting Of the
family dining room in the
new United States Embassy
in Baghdad, among the many
others.
Evening star., 1960-10-04

ton. artistic sketches, ETC."
Members of Washington's
American Institute of Deco
rators' Chapter. however,
have been more specific in
their expression. They have
given an impression in color,
design and era Of concrete
form. There still is room left
for the viewers imagination
in applying the decorating
tips to ones own home.
Exquisite miniature room
settings in the most lavish Of
colors, textures and innova-
tions Of home decorating in
clude studio rooms, bedroom,
sculpture gallery, a bedroom
corner in Japanese or Moor
ish influence.
There is an entrance hall
suggestion, a hospital visitors
waiting room, an executive
Office suitable for the home,
way to decorate all in white,
a country home entrance, a
lady's boudoir, a corner with
"the glitter look" . local
Evening star., 1960-10-04
Launches BookDrive

sale for which 10000 books
had been donated.
All types Of books are ac-
ceptable, from paperbacks
and children's stories to ref
erence works, texts and fic-
tion.
Mrs. Kurt Borchardt
chairman of the 1861 book
sale was to discuss plans for
the event during the open
house, at which coffee is
being served. Mrs. Robert
Shorb, collecting chairman,
also was to be on hand with
her committee. Station wag-
ons are being used to pick up
donations from alumnae un-
able to attend.
Books will be stored in Mrs.
Lees basement until time for
the sale.
Evening star., 1960-10-04

The Vassar Club Of WASH
ington launches it's campaign
to collect contributions for
its annual book sale with an
open house for alumnae to-
day at the home of Mrs.
Caenove Lee.
All former Vassar students
in the area were asked to
bring "at. least one used
book" to the open house,
which was scheduled from 10.
am. to noon and from l to
4 pm.
The club is seeking a total
of $4,000 books for the sale
which will be held next April
for the benefit of its scholar
ship fund.
Last year. more than $1,000
was ,netted from the 8-day
Evening star., 1960-10-04

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