davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-02-29
A Lost Cause

Georgia's Senator Russell, who is
leading the Southern forces in the fight
against civil rights legislation, says that
the drive to pass bill this year amounts
to "a political field day" in presidential
election year.
There is some basis for this accuSa-
ton, although it is not by any means
the whole story Of the effort in behalf
of civil rights. The real and the essential
fact Is that the abridgment of civil
rights, and especially the denial Of vot-
ing rights, is both morally wrong and
repugnant to the Federal Constitution.
This is the aspect Of the matter which
the Southern delegation will not face,
and which, as result, leaves them and
their cause" in an indefenSible position.
The Senate today began around
the-clock sessions in an effort to wear
down Southern resistance and bring the
issue to vote. We have no doubt that
this debate" will produce many self
serving, vote-seeking speeches from
Senators whose interest in civil rights
is more politically practical than real.
There is equally little doubt, however,
that, in the end, a meaningful civil
rights bill will be enacted. The Southern
Senators could best serve their "cauSe"
and safeguard their legitimate interests
by abandoning tactics designed merely
to obstruct that which cannot be long
DELAYED
Evening star., 1960-02-29

year, his ministrations we're
in vain.
The wise pigeons did not
come out.
Where were they?
Temp Jones stood in the
bitter wind at the corner,
trying to find out where his
boarderS were.
He looked and looked, and
decided they had all flown
away.
He was, however, mistaken.
1t Is easy to be mistaken in
the modern world. At one
time most people thought
they knew a great deal, and
now it is hard to get over it.
but the truth is that few per-
sons any more know what Is
what about anything.
1t Is q sad state of affairs.
-
Temp Jones kept looking
around for his pigeons.
Finally, he saw where they
were:
They we're huddled in the
cornices Of the Raleigh Ho-
tel, getting protection from
the wind, very severe at this
corner, and a bit Of heat
from the building.
1t does not take much heat
to keep a bird warm in win
ter. Just a little, one or two
degrees, helps a lot with
them.
Their best heat, Of course,
comes from within, and this
is provided by foods, notably
the bread and cracked corn
laid out for them by count
less persons, and by the free
pickingS along the streets.
Pigeons, better than most
living things, could tell you
how careless human people
are with foods, especially
those they MUNICH, as they
say, while going along the
street.
Our pigeons do the city a
good turn when they clean
up this carelessly strewn food,
bits of apples. popcorn, Ger
tain kinds Of candies, bread,
rolls, etc.
They are scavengers Of a
fine type, helping to keep
down the dirt in a great city,
and thereby doing their share
for a clean community. From
time to time, attacks are
made on them, but they al
ways fail, and the pigeon
population goes on growing,
as it should, for these are
good citizens. and help us in
a never-ending fight.
Evening star., 1960-02-29

for Young America" series drew addi-
tional thousands, many of them young
Sters visiting Washington during school
vacation periods in the spring. It
conducts workshop" for aspiring con-
ductors, soloists and composers. And it
offers to adult music lovers long season
Of great pleasure.
In this busy schedule, the National
Symphony last year earned 68 per cent
Of its operating expenses-second in
the country in that achievement. 1t is
opening its annual Sustaining Fund
Campaign tomorrow to supplement this
earned income. It's appeal will not go
unheeded by those music lovers who
appreciate what they, in turn, are
getting.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
No LethoI Intent

The Star carried an article
Friday stating that I at
tempted to kill" my own
bill requiring written dis
closure Of finance charges in
all credit transactions. This
is the exact opposite Of the
truth. My effort was to save
it.
It is not without signi-
ficance that the very people
who spoke out in great praise
of keeping the bill on the
floor were those who, two
weeks previously, had been
pleading for the passage of
the very bad small loan bills,
raising interest rates. Their
conversion to the side Of the
angels was pretty abrupt.
Also significant is the de-
parture from an accepted
rule Of procedure that when
the sponsor of a bill requests
it be referred back to COM
mittee. 1t Is never questioned.
Why this departure in this
instance?
My reason for asking for
the referral was a very sim
pie one: businesses affected
asked that they have the op-
portunity to be heard on the
bill. In this, as in all legisla-
ton, I feel they have this
right. At this late date in
the session, it could best be
accomplished by holding
hearings during the interim
between sessions. I had ar
ranged on Friday with the
Speaker Of the House that
both sponsors Of this bill
would serve on such commit
tee.
The concern" Of affected
businesses did not impel this
action: my concern with fair
play did-and I so stated on
the floor.
This was not the implica-
ton in your article and I
deeply deplore the tenor Of
the article.
Margaret Schweinhaut,
Montgomery County. Mary
land House Of Delegates.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Cleaner Movie Ads

The House Subcommittee
on Postal Operations has paid
a great compliment to the
American public by its recent
efforts to improve the content
Of movie advertising.
1t is my understanding that
newspapers in various parts
Of the country are making
similar efforts. For example,
in Tulsa, Oklahoma. the edi-
tor Of the Tribune has
stated: Cleaning up the
movie pages is a matter of
protection for the newspapers
also. AS a family newspaper
we have a standard which we
feel upholdS decency. We are
now starting to enforce that
standard on our movie
pages. newspapers IN Dallas,
Texas, and in Cumberland.
Maryland, have also adopted
a new set of regulations gov
erning movie advertising.
Because of its strategic
position. the Washington
press could give special i'm
petus to a national drive to
work out a responsible code
for movie advertising. Be-
sides safeguarding the coun-
try's moral welfare, the news
papers and movie industry
would undoubtedly benefit
from the good will and graft
tude generated by such q
drive.
Beatrice O'DonneI
Evening star., 1960-02-29

and is carried to the streams
by the processes of erosion.
In the spring. with high
water, it is often carried
further and concentrated.
@. What is Commercial
paper"?-P. H.
A. Commercial paper is a
general name for checks,
drafts, notes, bills Of lading,
bills of exchange. warehouse
receipts. treasury warrants,
orders for delivery of goods.
certificates Of stocks and
bonds, etc. The name is
sometimes applied to con-
tracts and agreements.
@. What trees are peculiar
to North America?-M. R.
A. The following are some
of the most important trees
that are found in their native
state only in North Amer
ica; hickory. ball cypress.
sequoia both species), locust
Call species), yellow poplar,
Arizona cypress, white pine,
western yellow pine, and
Douglas fir.
Evening star., 1960-02-29

@. Is the Mclean House
where Lee surrendered to
Grant at Appomattox still
standing?-D. N.
A. The original Mclean
House was torn down in 1893
with the intent of re-erecting
it in Washington as a war
museum. The plan never
materialized, and the wood
and brick from the house
gradually diSintegrated on
the site. The Mclean House
was reconstructed by the
National Park Service in
1949 as the first step in a
program to restore the tiny
village Of Appomattox Court
House to its appearance in
1865.
@. Is gold still to be found
in the Salmon River of
Idaho, washed down from
the hills?-F. C.
A. The Idaho Bureau Of
Mines and Geology tells US
that placer gold is contin-
ually being liberated from
the rocks where 1t originated
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Suggests Inquiry

The recent study conducted
by your newspaper on the
practices Of used car dealers
was very commendable. How
ever, 1t actually trod on the
toes Of a relatively small
group Of operators and,
possessing as it did a label
against SIM" was naturally
Endorsed by reputable auto
dealers.
Your newspaper could spon-
sor a more expansive study
by turning loose a modern
day Lincoln Stefens on the
local housing, construction,
and building practices. Per-
haps, in the long run, some
improvements might result
from a look into the opera
tions of title companies, con-
struction and land develop
ment, builders (Who can also
operate on a shoe string) and
their swarm of subcontrac-
tors, none Of whom is ever
responsible for anything.
Everett H. Woodward.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Russians Cite Wonders of Vitomin p
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

weather when, according to
the reports, the capillary
walls are weaker and more
susceptible to injury.
The reports stress that Ii
might be used as q preven-
tive measure against colds
and influenza.
An area Of a square mile
or more now can be cleared
completely Of all winged in
sects-mosquitos. flies and
the like. in less than 10 min
utes.
This has been achieved ex-
perimentally with an appa-
ratus just developed by the
Army Engineer Corps which
throws a poison fog over the
countryside. The fog is Of
fine particles Of DDT or
some other potent insecti-
eide which is released in ia
vorable winds. The "fogger."
driven by q gasoline engine,
Is accompanied by a large
tank Of the bug killer.
Little Wind Needed
In tests conducted by the
Engineer Corps laboratories
fog was detected more than
a mile from the point Of re-
lease when the generator was
held in a stationary position
and operated at full output.
In open terrain best re-
suits were obtained with
winds of Q to 4 miles an hour.
With winds Of more than 8
miles an hour the fog was
dispersed too rapidly over
TOO large an area.
With winds less than a
mile an hour the fog moved
slowly over shorter distances
but gave good control in the
territory covered.
Once an area has been
cleared, according to the en-
gineers. it is several days be-
fore the bugs move back in
sufficient numbers to be
troublesome. The treatment
can be repeated as often as
necessary.
The device was developed
primarily for the sanitation
Of Army camps. especially in
the tropics, where there is no
time for permanent insect
control measures. 1t Is
equally applicable, the engi-
neers say, to resort areas
anywhere in the country.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Postage Rates

I protest any further in
increase in f1rst-class mail
charges as just another bur-
den on the poor. The higher
the rates. the less mail many
will be able to send; therefore,
where will the profit be2
I am thoroughly in accord
with an increase in third-class
mail charges, however. This
is for advertising matter
which is now q burden to
every mail carrier and an ir-
ritant to most recipients. One
of the most irritating factors
in the flood of unsolicited ad-
vertising material received is
the incredible amount of du-
plication.
Ardis HawIey Snow.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Everett H. Woodward

they may push all Of us into
some kind of dictatorship.
In the midst of such tre-
mendous events, how can any
nation survive without giving
its new generation the best
educational foundation that
Is humanity possible?
No American has any right
to tamper with the education
of children. Apparently the
politicians are doing it, egged
on by individuals who don't
want to pay their share Of
the expenses of democracy.
BY fighting hard to keep
teachers salaries low, they
are tampering dangerously
with education. They are
driving away good teachers
and making it necessary for
schools to employ the best
that come along, even though
they're incompetent.
Kenneth NJ. ScollOn.
y y y
So the avaricious teachers
Of Maryland are "raiding the
public treasury" Tsk! Tsk!
Teachers are sufficiently
we'll paid" some argue. Well,
you can save some money
here, all right. Just get
second-rate people to do a
second-rate job for second
rate salaries. Result? Sec
ond-rate education. But let's
not be naive enough to
imagine that qualified people
with degrees and experience
are going to work for a wage
scale too much below that
prevailing in the community.
Maryland teachers, as a
rule. are somewhat below the
community average in salary
and there are those of us
who do not think that this
is necessarily good. Training
future generations of Amer
leans, especially in this day
and age. is a job for broadly
educated, professional people,
not a lot Of jack-leg mechan-
les. Like any other group,
teaching has it's dead wood.
And the lower the salary
scale the more dead wood in
the organization. You pay for
excellence in any field.
Allan Harrison,
Walter johnson High School.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Our Need in Space

DR.. william H. Pickering, director
Of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the
California Institute of Technology, is
another distinguished expert dissatisfied
with our country's program in space. AS
he recently told the House Committee
on Science and AStronautics, he feels
that the program is being impeded by
confusion, indecision and growing mill
tary domination, and he has therefore
called for sweeping reorganization to
set in motion truly unified" national
effort.
However, like several other Scien-
lists who share his views, DR.. Pickering
seems to be bit vague in detailing pre-
ciSely how such reorganization should
be carried out. The only thing he has
made clear is that he would have Con-
greSS see to 1t that the civilian-run Ma
tional Aeronautics and Space Admins
tration be given complete control over
the entire program, including projects
Of the Army, Navy and Air Force. In
short, although he would still assign an
important role to the military, he ap-
parently would keep that role under
NASA's thumb and thus put a stop to
what he regards as the Pentagon's in
creaSing domination.
Laymen must be excused II they
are bit baff1ed by all this, especially
by DR.. Pickering'S reference to military
domination. For our country'S basic
space law, as enacted in 1858, already
gives NASA overriding authority except
in activities peculiar to, or primarily
associated with, the development Of
weapons systems, military operations, or
the defense of the United States" More
over, Congress now has before it presi-
Dental message asking that NASA's
powers be broadened even further. FL
nally, this great new civilian agency is
soon to absorb DR.. Wernher Won Braun's
5,OOO-man team" of the Army's Ballistic
Missile Agency at Huntsville, Alabama,
and 1t is also to assume complete con-
troll over the development of every type
OF high-thruSt or super booster rocket
system.
So it is somewhat difficult to under
stand critics like DR.. Pickering when
they talk about the military's growing
domination OF our national space pro-
gram. The record argues against them,
and NASA itself appears to be quite
satisfied that its powers are not being
threatened by the Pentagon. OF course,
there still are numerous flaws in our
effort to catch up with and Surpass the
Russians. But these flaws stem prima-
rily from the fact that we started late
in the race, and there is good reason to
doubt that they can be eliminated by
spectacular reorganizing moves. Ac-
tually, what is chiefly needed now is
an earnest, patient, persistent and ur-
gent drive to do what must to done
regardless of organizational charts-to
make sure that we do not wind up in
second place permanently.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES {. TRACEWELL

A resident Of independence
avenue Sc. wants to know
IF the keen-eyed pigeons
have been feeding around
Tenth and D streets NV. are
the former friends of Temp
Jones. They make short
work Of the roll ! save from
lunch"
These keen-eyed pigeons
undoubtedly are those fed
for several years by Jones,
pigeon feeder extraordinary.
He wondered the other day
II they missed him, so went
back to the old haunts and
stood around.
The pigeons paid no atten-
tion to him whatever.
You see, he had no food
in his hands, or bag that
contained food.
Washington's pigeon pop
ulation, numbering about
25.472 birds. has become very
. Shrewd in such assessments.
These canny birds recog-
nize food at a glance, as all
birds do, but they have done
better - they know what
paper bags are for-food for
them, Of course.
Somebody the other day
wanted to know how far a
bird can see.
1t depends, OF course, on
the species.
An average bird, let us say,
can see anything for at least
two city blocks, and some as
far as half a mile, and some
a mile.
1t is said that an ugly
old turkey buzzard can spot
a mouse at two miles.
This means a moving
mouse. 1t probably would not
be able to detect a still one,
though it might, at that,
being a shrewd bird.
This keen eyesight ac-
counts for the fact that star
lings know exactly when
slices Of bread are put out in
Temp Jones home yard.
4
AS Temp stood on the old
steps. looking around, hop
ing to see someone familiar,
he wondered if the pigeons
had the slightest idea that
for several years he had
brought them a fine break
fast every morning, rain or
shine, or snow.
In the deep snow Of one
Evening star., 1960-02-29
On Bridging Teachers Pay Scale Gap

A great deal has been said
about the high salaries paid
teachers in Montgomery
County. Some legislators have
even gone so far as to sug-
gest an upper limit on SAL
aries, until other counties
catch up. Would these same
legislators suggest that a
cost Of living index be set up
and a ceiling be set for this
until the other counties
catch up?
Would the legislators then
set the tax rates in the local
communities in helping"
the counties catch up?
Perhaps some legislators
feel that each county is
exactly the same and should
have the same curriculum,
the same school hours, the
same kind Of buildings, the
same length Of school year,
and the same concepts of
education. This is not only
a narrow concept Of educa-
ton, but it deprives the peo-
pie Of the local school
district Of the right to deter
mine the quality Of educa-
ton they desire for their
children.
One of our State legislators
implies that the fiscal re-
Sponsibilities for education
should be left up to the
legislators who were "ex-
perts" in the field. Does this
mean that you have to be a
legislator in order to under
stand the State budget?
In 1948, Maryland was
financing AZ per cent OF the
cost Of public education. Last
year it assumed only 36 per
cent of the cost. In ability to
pay, the State ranks 10th
among the States in per
capita income, yet we rank
37th in per capita State
expenditures for education.
When most of the wealth
Of the Nation was concen-
trated in real estate, it was
reasonable to assume that
this was a good source Of
income (from taxeS for
educational purposes. More
recent studies show that real
estate represents approxi-
mately rs per cent of the
Evening star., 1960-02-29

wealth Of the Nation. Is it
reasonable to ask that one
fourth Of the wealth Of the
Nation assume two-thirds Of
the responsibility for educa-
ton?
Why should not the State,
with wider tax base powers,
and therefore greater ability
to equalize the tax respon-
sibility, assume q greater por-
ton Of the cost Of education?
In effect. this could reduce
real estate taxes while actu-
ally contributing more for
education.
One also wonders how 80
many people, seeking to bet
ter the education Of their
children, could be so wrong
in the eyes of the man they
elected. 1t almost seems like
the old saying, Everyone is
out Of step but my SON."
r. D. Davis.
Rockville, Md.
y =
Since we Montgom cry
County teachers are not ask
ing for a pay raise, we can
discuss the pay question with
little chance Of being sus-
pected Of having ulterior mo-
tives. Here, then, Is one
teachers opinion.
Like all other educational
problems, the salary question
has to be considered in terms
of these two facts:
/. In the struggle between
the United States and Russia,
the basic weapon forced upon
both nations is education.
2. Attenuation has arrived
and is spreading rapidly.
Sweeping away entire voca-
tions and substituting new
ones, it renders useless years
Of training for specific occu-
pations. 1t also frees the
human being from drudgery
and greatly expands his
opportunity to think. For
mentally and phi ysically
healthy people who have
learned how to think, the
coming era can be a glorious
one. The others, bewildered
and cropping for security,
won't be able to cope with the
speeding changes. II there
are enough of the latter,
Evening star., 1960-02-29

HubSla mas gone Vltamtn
P" whole hog.
A Russian medical scientist
now in this country reveals
the story in a personal letter
about "the tremendous, al
most incredible amount of
research that has been con-
Quoted by Soviet scientists on
this subject in the last seven
or eight years"
This newest and least
known Of the vitamins, or
"pantothenic acid" rela-
lively rarely prescribed
abroad, apparently is coming
to be regarded by the So
Wet doctors as a veritable
elixir Of youth and life. One
large factory is engaged in
producing this vitamin alone.
Vitamin P is used both in
Russia and in this country
for various disorders of the
capillary system. Supposed
minute amounts are found
in most living tissue. The
richest source Is the royal
jelly Of bees.
Widely Researched
There has Just been con-
cluded, according to the COM
munication, a gigantic re-
search project, of which
nothing was known in this
country, into the activity
and chemistry of vitamin P"
1t was carried out under the
direction Of the Soviet Acad-
emy of Sciences in 81 medical
research organizations in
Moscow, Leningrad and Kiev.
Some Of the major results
have Just been reported by
35 leading Russian bio-chem-
lists, bio-physicists, organic
chemists and physicians.
One report reveals that
minute amounts of the vita
min increase the tolerance
Of animals in breathing
highly rareied air. Others
report that it has a very
beneficial effect in muscular
dystrophy and that, in tests
with experimental rabbits, it
slightly decreases blood pres
sure and blood cholesterol.
1t is prescribed for fra
gility Of the capillaries and
in certain types Of bleeding,
1t is recommended. and ap-
parently widely used, in steel
plants where heat is high.
Use Is advocated in cold
Evening star., 1960-02-29
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to con-
densdtion.
Evening star., 1960-02-29
Questions and Answers
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

, reader can get snsEer BY mail
enVeIope
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1960-09-29
Ten Births Occur

Ten births occurred at the Gar
rett County Memorial hospital in
Oakland during the past week,
three boys and seven girls.
On the 23rd a son TO Mr and
Mrs. Melvin Stcmplc, Hutton.
On the oath a son to Mr. and
Mrs. Donald Hanlin Gormania. W.
Va; a daughter to Mr.. and Mrs.
JOY Dale Sweitzer, route ?, Oak
land.
On the 26th son to Mr.. and
Mrs. Donald Warwick, Shallmar; d
daughter to Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert
Blake Paugh, Deer Park; a daugh-
ter to Mr.. and Mrs Kenneth Wayne
Metheny, Mt. Lake Park.
On the 28th a daughter to Mr..
and Mrs. David Teets, Horse Shoe
Run, w. Va; a daughter to Mr.
and Mrs. Junior Sweitzer, Swan
ton; a daughter to Mr.. and Mrs
Norman Thomas Reams, Oakland,
a daughter to Mr.. and Mrs. Clar-
encc Stem, Oakland
During the week the hospital
admitted SIS patients and dis
charged Sc. Census this morning
was SO.