Evening star., 1960-07-14

respect for him. not just in
New York but in other "or-
ganization" States. was heigh-
tened by the demonstrated ef-
fectiyeness Of his own machine.
Many Volunteers
There were a lot of volun-
teers in the Kennedy cam
paign, but very little amateur
ism.
Local people by the hundreds
tiocked to help him in Oregon.
in New Hampshire and in all
the other States. Friends of
the Kennedy family-lawyers,
businessmen, publicity men
always seemed ready to drop
their own chores and fly in to
help the Senator carry a coun-
ty in West Virginia or Wiscon-
sin.
But their efforts were di-
rected and disciplined by a
hard-core Of highly efficient
professionals - the Senator's
brother Bob. State Chairman
John Bailey Of Connecticut,
Lawrence O'Brien of Massachu-
sets, Hyman Raskin Of Illinois.
and others.
Many Of these men are
youthful. but their techniques
are those the "old pros" such
as Illinois Col. Jacob Arvey
and PennSylvania's Representa-
tive Green, can appreciate and
admire.
johnson Forces Beaten
Their effectiveness was
shown again in the six weeks
between the primaries and the
convention, when they whipped
the forces of Senator johnson
at caucuseS and conventions in
Arizona, Colorado. Montana and
other Western States. In many
OF these States, the battles
took on the aspect of a "war
between the generations" with
the Kennedy campaign enlist
ing the enthusiasm of the young
leaders, while Senator John
sons cause was defended, as
best possible, by men past their
peak Of political power.
The momentum achieved in
all these victories carried into
the five days Of maneuvering
in this convention city. Though
his rivals said delegates were
resentful of the pressure tao
tics" and "bandwagon psychol-
ogy" Of the Kennedy statesmen,
the uncommitted voters in the
convention seemed to have little
difficulty in adjusting them
selves to the situation.
Illinois climbed aboard on
Sunday, Pennsylvania on Mon
day. By the time the balloting
began last night, the outcome
was clearly in sight.
Losers Bitter
In the inevitable bitterness
OF defeat, some people are
charging here that Senator
Kennedy bought" this nomi-
nation. That he and his family
spent heavily to achieve it
there can be no doubt. Most
professionals here would reckon
the cost in the millions, rather
than the hundreds of thous-
ands. The exact total will never
be known, but the fact is that
at every point. in every State,
Kennedy workers had the
wherewithal to do what they
thought necessary on his be-
half.
Men who managed Senator
Humphreys campaign in West
Virginia still claim that with
another 100000, they coufa
have beaten Senator Kennedy.
Such claims are a familiar part
of politics, and they have the
virtue of being impossible to
prove wrong.
Most observers weighing the
influence of money on the Ken
nedy nomination would fall
back on the general rule that
you can't run a campaign with
out money, but money-even
big money-won't get a weak
candidate home.
Efficient Effort
At the other extreme today,
some Democrats are saying the
Kennedy nomination is the
product of the most efficient
political effort their party has
ever seen. In the face of victory,
it is hard to fault this judg-
ment, but for the sake of ac-
curacy it must be recorded that
some mistakes were made.
In retrospect, Kennedy op-
orators agree that they were
unwise to feel that the South
ern votes he received for the
vice presidential nomination in
1856 meant he could win sub
stantial Southern support in
his nomination bid this year.
That error was realized, but
not before Senator Kennedy
had compromised his position
on civil rights with a pair of
1857 votes that many are pre-
dieting will cause him diff
Guilty with Negro voters this
fall. The strong line the Dem
ocratic platform takes on civil
rights is, in substantial part,
an effort to offset those votes.
California Error
A second mistake - and one
that caused the Kennedy op-
orators worry on TueSday-was
his decision not to run in the
California primary. Though
there ic Iittla doubt ha GOULD