davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-07-06

the 1920S, the discipline was q
nice, clean, simple one.
1t is vastly more complex now
partly owing to DR.. Goud-
smit's own activities. He is
co-discoverer of "electron SPIN
and co-propounder Of the
"Goudsmit- Uhlenbeck assump-
ton" which explains some
sticky points Of atomic physics
in terms no layman can under
stand.
In DR.. Goudsmit's days at
Leyden, the cast of atomic
characters numbered two (the
proton and the electron), or
three if the basic particle" of
light, the photon, was counted.
Today the cast has expanded
tremendously. perhaps to as
many as 80 fundamental"
particles.
Everyone is certain that 80
is not the correct number.
Some physicists think there
may be zone or two" particles
yet undiscovered that belong in
the list. DR.. Goudsmit and
many colleagues think 33 is too
many-that some may actually
be excited states" of others.
The Highest Tower
Work in pure nuclear physics
is ivory-towering at its finest.
The pure physicists attitude
toward such mundane things
as power generation and use
of isotopes is summed up by
DR.. Goudsmit:
IF it involves the inter-
action Of more than two par
ticles, it's engineering-and it
doesn't interest me-"
This is an exaggeration, of
course. The basic tools of the
pure high-energy physicist are
among the worlds best exam
piles of precision engineering.
The acme of these examples is
the huge new Alternating
Gradient Synchrotron less than
a mile away from DR.. Goud-
smit's Office at Brookhaven
National Laboratory on Long
Island.
: The AGS is the latest in a
line Of atom-smashers which
began with Ernest Lawrence's
first "cyclotron" 80 years ago.
This device, only five inches in
Evening star., 1960-07-06

helped perfect the atomic
bomb. was and is Danish.
But Americans should mo-
harbor feelings Of inferiority
either. Lawrence started one
branch of the science with hi:
cyclotron. Mcmillan, Vein
berg. Hilberry, Bra dbury
Smyth, key figures in the great
Government-supported physics
Laboratories, are native Ameri-
cans. So is young DIR. Murray
Gell-Mann, who observed and
christened the "strangeness" of
certain fundamental particles.
At 80. DR.. Gell-Mann is the
youngest member of the Ma
tional Academy of Sciences.
Search for Truth
The ivory tower is big and
well equipped. DR.. Glenn T.
Seaborg, the Nobel Prize chem
ist who created" many arti-
f1cial, radioactive heavy ele-
mentS, did so by bombarding
substances in "HILAC," the
University of CALIFORNIA; Heavy
Ion Linear Accelerator.
These huge gadgets are not
built for gadgetry's sake. The
men who use them are think
ers. not tinkers. They would
prefer pondering a problem to
fiddling with it. But physics
in its present complexity has
come a long way since New
tons time. No longer can a
man sit under an apple tree
and wait for inJpiration to hit
him on the head.
The men in the ivory tower
are not searching for anything
mysterious or complicated.
They are searching for the
simplest, most basic thing in
all creation: Truth. More
than ever now, in physics as in
metaphysics, the important
question is the one asked in
perplexity and evaporation
nearly 1000 years ago:
What is truth?
Thursday: A look ahead.
Evening star., 1960-07-06

used. because of revolutionary
design changes.
A Zero Gradient Synchro.
tron" at Argonne National
Laboratory in Chicago will be
ready in a couple of years. Its
12-Bev energy will fill a gar
between the 6-Bev "Bevatron"
at Barkeley (biggest currently
operating in America) and the
25-Bev AGS at Bfookhaven. In
addition, zGS will give particle
intensities a hundred to a thou
sand times as great as either
Germ or AGS, and so will be
able to do experiments the more
powerful machines cannot do.
The sight of such a machine
as AGS, and the knowledge of
its tremendous cost, inevitably
evoke the question: What do
you expect to find, or discover,
or prove? Inevitably the phys
icist answers: If we knew, we
wouldn't have to build it.
TwO-Mile Machine
Probably the most impress
sive project on the horizon is
a linear accelerator for STAN
ford University. This will be
different from the synchro-
irons in two respects: Cd 1t
will be straight instead of cir
cular: ca it will be two miles
long.
A two-mile accelerator will
challenge the precision and in
genuity Of the most competent
engineers in the world. 1t will
cost 500 million or more-and
again, if they knew what it
would discover they wouldn't
have to build it.
The United States probably
stands in the forefront of the
world in pure and applied
physics today. But this should
not make Americans puff UP
with chauvinistic pride. Many,
if not most, of the great
American" names of atomic
physics in the last Is years
were of European origin: Elm
stein, a Swiss; Fermi and
Segre, Italians; Bethe, Ger
man; GoudSmit, Dutch; Won
Neumann and Teller, Hungar-
ians. Oppenheimer is an Amer
ican who was educated In the
great tradition in pre-Hitler
Germany. Neils Bohr, who
Evening star., 1960-07-06
AT toCheck
Site Delays
For Atlas
By the Associated Press

Reported delays in construc.
tion of launching sites for Alta.
missiles will be checked by the
Air Force.
Defense Secretary Gates has
told the Air Force he wants a
detailed progress statement
this week. a Pentagon spokes-
man said last night.
The check apparently relates
to at least two major projects,
the intercontinental ballistic
missile sites at Offutt Air Force
Base, Omaha, and Francis E.
Warren Air Force Base, Chey-
.enne, Wyo. The inquiry will
cover the status of work at
various missile bases, shedules
OF materials used, quality of
Evening star., 1960-07-06

diameter. is now preserved
in a glass case in the foyer of
the laboratory named for Law
renee. high in the hills above
Berkeley. The tiny gadget, lit
orally made Of glass, baling
wire and sealing wax, is a mod
est ancestor of the big new
ones.
AGS, which will start op-
Grafton this year, is a half mile
in circumference; the first cy-
clotron's girth was 16 inches.
AGS cost $31 million; Law
rence's gadget cost pocket
change. And AGS will speed
atomic particles almost to the
velocity of light with an en-
ergy of Is or 80 billion cleo
tron volts, compared with 80,-
900 electron volts in the first
machine.
"High-energy" physics, the
ivory tower end of nuclear sci
ence, begins at a billion elec-
tron volts. All over the world,
huge machines have been built
to smash atoms and reveal
what is inside them, or what
Is created as atoms diSinte-
crate.
Geneva Has Biggest
The largest operating accel-
orator is in Switzerland. 1t is
known as Germ" for the
French-language initials of
European Nuclear Research
Center, where it is situated.
Virtually a twin of Brookhav-
ems AGS, it develops about Is
billion electron volts (Bev).
Brookhaven expects to top
this slightly, but not signif1-
cantly.
Next biggest operating syn
chrotron is a 9-Bev machine
at Dubna in the Soviet Union.
The Dubna accelerator gave its
designers considerable trouble
and never did reach hoped-for
performance levels. Some
American physicists believe the
trouble arose when the Rus
slams tried to scale up" from
existing machines to a bigger
one and ran into inherent de-
sign difficulties. Germ and
AGS are actually smaller than
Dubna in amount of material
Evening star., 1960-07-06
Church Fire Traced
To Circuit Overload

The cause of a $4,000 church
parish hall fire in Oxon Hill,
Md, was traced yesterday to
an overloaded circuit in the
first floor rear kitchen.
The fire Saturday night on
the grounds of st. Barnabas
Episcopal Church was touched
Evening star., 1960-07-06

construction work and other
factors.
The Air Force vice chief OF
staff. Gen. Curtis E. LeMay,
said last month that slippages
in the projects at Cheyenne
might delay the operational
readiness date there as much as
six months.
Representative Cunningham,
Republican of Nebraska.
blamed the reported Offutt de-
lay on the system Of letting
Evening star., 1960-07-06

contracts. He said the IBID
brokerage" system for contracts
should be replaced by a method
using a solid bid backed by a
bond.
Evening star., 1960-07-06

OF in a cable running to the
refrigerator and electric clock,
according to Prince Georges
Fire Inspector Harry Webster.
He said the three-alarm blaze
destroyed the two-story frame
building in the 5000 block of
st. Barnabas road.
Evening star., 1960-07-06
The Atomic Years
Ivory Tower Of NucIeor Age
Features Gigantic Machines
CHAPTER xxi
By WILLIAM HINES
Star scienca yur,ter

! funked everything eSe," DR.. Samuel A. Goudsrnit
explained so decided to study something siple Physics
The managing editor of the learned Physical Review"
was indulging his sense of the udicrous But it is fact
that when young Sam Goudsmt his first physics
book at the University of Leyden his native Holland in
Evening star., 1960-07-06
dacron and wool
perfectly blended Of $50 Doeron poIyester,
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exceptionally low priced at only

Plenty OF summer still oheod lots Of time in which enjoy
the cool comfort Of Docon PoHee and wool Commonde suits!
You'll enjoy the extra low price, too possible only because Of
early reductions from stock and timely special purchase from one
OF our regular resources In the group you'll find excellent
selection Of coOs and patterns oil new handsome and i'm
mensey fIotte1ng!
Evening star., 1960-09-11
How Much Help Is Good?

One of the most inspiring letters the above question
which proposed last spring. from Mrs Robert L. Smith
of Hyattsvile: sst
Last June daughter graduated. And not just
barely but vaedctoran of her class of 500 And she did
it all by herself but with lots Of love and encouragement
mo- don't think parents are doing too much for their
children; it's just that there is for children to do
My husband and have only high school education and
have not amassed fortune, but have been doubly
enriched by being able to help daughter We always
taught her that learning is wonderful experience and the
learn the more eager you are to learn more
Unto her we nstilled the realization that each days
lesson thoroughly mastered smpes the next days work.
Now she is successfully completing her first OF college
quite alone But equipped with faith in God, pair Of
devoted parents. and working formula for
These her only tools with which to her future
Time alone will tell how effective they but have
every confidence that they the best gifts parent
bestow."
Wednesday,: The becomes member Of the fcmb in
"of Love ond Laughter in the Society-Home section.
Evening star., 1960-09-11
OfLOVE and
LAUGHTER
About the Little Blue Bird
Who Found q Loving Home
By MARJORIE HOLMES
Your pets and ours.

peIS
Judy and Mary Marshall found it in the back yard
one evening and raced n eyes huge with concern "Oh,
Daddy Mummy bird-a beautiful little blue bird Is
trying to drink Of the water from where Daddy
tered the graSs"
why it's parakeet" the parents exclaimed when
they went to investigate Somebody's little lost paraeet
Poor thing why it must be dying of thirst and hungry too
It's so weak it can hardly hold UP its head"
And they carried it gently inside.
Chilled half-starved and obviously ILL., it seemed that
Miss Blue they to call her. would scarcely last the
night their mother Roberta Marshall is registered
nurse She decided that boiled milk and Pepo- -Bismol
administered with eyedropper might pull the limp little
voyager through And within few days Miss Blue so
perky and full of vigor they had to borrow cage.
Meanwhile ads for lost psrakeets answered and
another One little boy and his mother came from
miles the desperate chance that the founding
theirs. ut looks like Timmy," the youngster said
forlornly "but it's not. it really isn't tell" And
though the children offered their boarder replacement
he declined. Only Timmy, his true Timmy would do.
Thus it was that Miss Blue Joined the Haywood
Marshall family and for four lent them her lively
charms. Already fngertrained by someone, she came
when called rode galy about harbows twttered
and each evening winged her upstairs to kiss each little
girl goodnight But recently parakeets WILL she caught
chest cold and her energies waned Little by little,
despite the of all concerned her strength ebbed
and morning they found her, small blue heap in
her
She is buried under bush, and her grave bears
tiny of twgs. Sleep well, little Miss Blue. You
brought happiness only to two children but to all their
else who may have lost little blue bird
and wondered about your fate.
Goodbye, little Miss Bue-or whatever first your
Evening star., 1960-10-28
Group Is Formed
To Urge Defect
OF Amendments

A Chevy Chase area group
known as the Citizens Com.
mittee for Fair Taxation has
urged rejection by Maryland
voters on November 8 of two
questions dealing with land
assessments.
The committee charged that
passage Of questions Is and IA,
both proposed amendments to
the State Constitution, would
subsidize land SPECTATORS.
vUnder the guise Of preserv.
ing open spaces and Of help
ing farmers" the committee
declared yesterday, these
amendments to the Maryland
Constitution would do neither
but would subSidize land specu-
lators by reducing their taxes
at the expense Of the tax
burdened homeowners."
"It merely postpones devel-
opment by suhSidizing land
owners at public expense while
they wait for prices to rise to
the point where they will sell
out to subdividers at handsome
profits" the committee added.
The committee described it.
self as o non-partisan organ
ization, formed to further pro-
grams for equitable real estate
taxes. It said most Maryland
farmers are outside Of suburban
Evening star., 1960-10-28

eight weeks. The suspensions
range from 6 to IL weeks, with
out pay.
The action was announced In
Q statement by Clyde II. Har-
rison. manager Of employe re-
lations for the company's %
plants here.
GE acknowledged that the
action could mean renewal
locally Of the 23-day Nation
wide strike, which ended Satur-
day.
"Of course, there is no doubt
such Q strike would be illegal" /"
Mr.. Harrison said,
The company pointed out
that a State Supreme Court
injunction issued here October
13 to limit pickets still was in
effect.
One Of those discharged is q
nonstriker who allegedly threat
ened q picket with q gun, GE
said. GE. said 1t based the
disciplinary action on such acts
as infiicting bodily injury
property damage to cars oi
employes. placement of nails ir
driveways, blocking Of en-.
frances. threats and slander.
The company said it wal
acting only after can intensive
investigation and careful review
Iof documented evidence"
Evening star., 1960-10-28
Car Rips Into Crowd,
Kills Five in Chicago

CHICAGO. Oct. % (AP).-A
car driven by q woman who
said she blacked out jumped
q sidewalk and ripped through
q crowd Of pedestrians last
night, killing five and hurting
their twisted bodies across q
busy downtown intersection.
Three other persons, includ-
ing the driver, were injured.
Dead and injured were thrown
Is feet as the car scooped up
pedestrians and careened across
the intersection at Randolph
and Franklin streets, at the
west edge Of The Loop.
Hundreds Of homeward- bound
persons, most of them on their
way to nearby train stations In
the evening rush hour, watched
in horror. All five victims lived
in west and north suburban
communities.
One Of the fatally injured
pedestrians was sprayed with
boiling tar when the careenins
car struck a two-wheeled heat
ing cart being hauled by q
roofing firm truck.
The car, carrying some VIC
Tins on its hood, then struck
another car and both veered
side by side out Of control.
One body was found jammed
Evening star., 1960-10-28

beneath the second car which
finally smashed to . halt
against q row Of cars in q park
ing lot.
The woman's car ended its
path Of carnage by smashing
into q curb. Witnesses said
most Of the victims were wait
ing to cross the street and had
their backs to the cars. west
bound on Randolph street.
However, scores Of pedes-
trianS lodged the hurting
autos.
Many motorists and pedes-
trians ran to the injured, COW
ering them with their coats
and administering first aid.
The driver Of the car that
police said triggered the trag-
edy was Miss Bette Gillespie,
IS, q home economist for a util-
ity company. Miss Gillespie,
daughter Of former Chicago
Alderman Joseph Gillespie. told
police she started to halt be-
hind q bus when she "hlacked
out, and woke up in the hos
Ipital."
Romie Gilkey. a, driver Of
the second car. said he was
crossing the intersection when
Isomethins hit me. It was going
Evening star., 1960-10-28

50 fast 1t looked like an air
plane"
Police said both drivers suf-
fered from shock. The third
injured. Richard Brady, 20,
Of suburban Arlington Heights,
was hospitali2ed with head in
turies and broken bones.
Dead were Carl Matre, 81,
OF Des PLANES; Leslie M. Miles,
So, Of West Chicago; Carl A.
Bergsren Of Glenn Ellyn; CARLY
Award, -, Of La Grange, and
Harold Murphy. 20. Of Glen
Ellyn.
Police said no charges were
fled pending an investigation
by the States attorneys once.
Evening star., 1960-10-28
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People who take greet pride doing better nstooon Tho
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Evening star., 1960-10-28
Boys Masquerade
To Snatch Purse

Rushing the Halloween sea-
son, three boys masqueraded as
girls, complete to pony tail hair
styling, robbed Q 50-year.old
woman Of $40 last night.
Police are holding two teen.
ayers and are seeking o third.
Mrs. Pearl Burnham Of 236
Massachusetts, avenue NE, told
police one Of the three grabbed
her purse as she got out Of her
automobile in the 800 block Of
D street Me-, about $3.50 pm.
The two boys arrested q short
time later are being held in the
receiving home for Juvenile
Court action.
Evening star., 1960-10-28

areas and won't be affected by
the amendments.
Chairman Of the new sroup
is Darius v. Phillips Of Chevy
Chase.
Vice chairmen are Frederick
Gutheim, Marvin HonenberR.
Hal Lackey, Phillip Marcus,
Neal Potter, William Romack,
Mrs. Alys Spealman. Darwin
Stolzenbach, Bruce West and
Reginal Zalles.
Evening star., 1960-10-28
IS Fired, 18 Suspended
In GE Strike Sequel

SYRACUSE, N. Y. Oct. 2s
(AP).-The General Electric
Co. today fired Is employees and
suspended 10 others for what it
called fragrant misconduct"
during the recent national
strike Of the International
Union Of Electrical Workers
against GE. sasx
The possibility Of a new strike
Evening star., 1960-10-28

in Syracuse was raised.
Those discharged included
John Stanley, business agent Of
IUE Local 800, which claims to
represent 4,500 production
workers Of the approximately
l4,500 persons employed by GE
in Syracuse.
Loren Vinal, president Of
Local $40, was suspended for
Evening star., 1960-10-28
Short School Year

NEW YORK. - Children in
America have the worlds short
est school term, 1S0 days. Eu-
ropean children average 240
days, attending classes six days
q week, 10 months q year.
Evening star., 1960-10-28
Legion Post 4 Meets

American Legion Victory Post
No. 4 viii meet at 1880 o'clock
tonight at Odd Fellows Hall,
4l9 Seventh street NV.
Evening star., 1960-11-04

sometimes heard. especially
from British educated people,
it is not sanctioned by the OK
ford English Dictionary, nor by
most American dictionaries. In
England as well as the United
States, the best pronunciation
is -uh-gan-duh.
Incidentally. this word which
now is used almost exclusively
in a derogatory sense as a
label for information dissemi-
mated by a rival, started out
as an entirely proper coinage
Of the Roman Catholic Church.
1t comes from the Latin phrase
"congregatio de propaganda
fide"-the Congregation for
the Propagation of the Faith
and originally referred to the
work Of foreign missions. Grad
Evening star., 1960-11-04

ually the word propaganda"
alone came to mean any sort
Of organization devoted to the
spreading Of particular doc
trines. Then it became the
doctrines or preachings them
selves-and now, in the middle
Of the Goth century. "propa-
ganda" almost invariably
means doctrines that you don't
agree with. What our side
says is truth" what the
enemy says is propaganda"
A far, far cry indeed from
religious propaganda is the new
play on Broadway, "The Hos
tage," by Ireland's most tenn
pestuous young playwright,
Brendan Behan. He is the
"Berstal Boy" whose appear
ance on a T'V show with Jackie
Gleason and Ed Murrow last
Evening star., 1960-11-04
BY Mort WoIker
By Leonard Starr

fall will not soon be forgot
ten by anyone who saw it.
Your columnist had the pleas
ure Of hearing a stony cold
sober Behan convulse an
audience Of hard-shelled news
papermen for a half hour re-
Gently. Much of his humor Is
Evening star., 1960-11-04
WORDS, WIT
AND WISDOM
THORN MCBRIDE
BEETLE BAILEY
AND JEFF
BY WILLIAM MORRIS

Question: In listening to a
recent U. N. debate, I noticed
that one of the speakers-ap-
parently the product OF British
education, though not him
self an Englishman-repeatedly
pronounced the words "propa-
ganda" and "propagandize"
with a long-O. Is this the cor
rect pronunciation?-T. L.,
Hackensack. N. j.
Answer: While the pronun-
citation PROH-puh-gan-duh is
Evening star., 1960-11-04
By jack BerriII

unreproduceable, because it
depend so much on brogue
and delivery. But his defini-
ton of a city is pure unadul-
terated Behan. "A city to me-"
said he. "is a place where
you're least likely to get a
bite from a wild sheep"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-12-15

WHAT with the tremendous
growth in the county, the var.
ious mergers between banks
and the cold efficiency that is
said to be essential to good
banking, it is most unusual to
find bank that operates like
the ones you remember long
ago in Silver Spring, Bethesda
and "back home" in other
states.
1T HAS BEEN NO SECRET
that The Montgomery County
National Bank in Rockville
enjoys the reputation of being
the friendliest bank in the
county, but we didn't realize
no whuman this place was
until a friend came in and told
us of an incident.
THIS PERSON had been to
one of the larger banks in the
county. He had dealt with this
bank since it first opened by
a local personality who believ-
ed in banking with a heart. He
had paid many dollars in
interest on various loans. He
wanted to increase a loan - a
few hundred dollars for the
Christmas season. He was
turned down with not very
good reasons.
HE THEN WENT to this
other smaller bank and in two
minutes flat was given the
money simply because the
banker had trust in the Dor.
rover. He knew the money
would be paid back without
difficulty.
FAITH IN HUMAN
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-12-15

John Milgates, BOG Gruenther
ave. for the weekend.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ralph Shu-
maker, 402 Beal ave. entertain
ed in honor of the Joseph Jodls
last Saturday evening. 1t was
a surprise party for Ileana's
birthday = which she had been
celebrating all day.
The Kiwanis Club is having a
Christmas Party for all enrolled
patients at the Easter Seal
Treatment Center, on Sunday
at the civic auditorium.
On the program will be a
dance adaptation of DR.. Seuss'
IF 1 Ran the Zoo" performed
by the students of the Batya
Heller School of Dance. Carla
Beck, 16-year-old daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel Beck of
Silver Spring will lead the
group in the dance. Santa Claus
will be there with gifts and
candy for the children. Ross
Roberts is president of the
Kiwanis Club.