davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
RATES
Continued From First Page

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an old bond with a face value
of $1,000, but currently selling
on the market for 5000, could
trade it for a new $1,000 bond.
Even though the new bond
would bear no more than 4A
per cent interest on its face,
it would pay the owner more
than 4H per cent on the 5000
he invested to buy the old
bond.
Treasury Secretary Ander-
son has said he would use
increased f1eXibility on interest
rates mainly for advance re-
funding, rather than for rails
ing new cash. Some authorities
maintain the Treasury already
has authority for advance re-
funding.
The committee bill also would
allow the Treasury to exceed
the 4A4 per cent ceiling on new
issues to a limited extent, upon
a finding by the President that
the action was necessary in the
national interest.
Limit on New Plan
The ceiling would be waived
for new issues up to 2 per cent
of the national debt each year
allowing new issues above
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

| JuScelino Kubitschek - once
a barefoot boy in the Brazilian
interiors; charming, informal
and easy to talk to. He likes
a good joke. good friends. a
good party and a good poker
game. He is married to the
daughter of a former army
colonel and they have two teen
age daughters, one of them
adopted.
Born September IL, 1902
more than 500 miles northwest
of this capital in Diamantina,
MinaS Gerais State, Juscelino
KubitSchek great grandson OF
Czech immigrantS) never was
/ Stacker.
While studying surgery at
Minas GeraiS University, he
worked nights as a telegrapher
After several years as a doctor
he plunged into politics and
piled up record after record
for economic development. He
was a federal deputy, mayor OF
Belo Horizonte and governor
of MinaS Gerais before STEP
ping into the presidency on
January 81, 1856. On that day,
he laid down a big order for
a sleepy, coffee-growing Bra
zil:
: Fifty years Of progress in
FIVE"
His programs have gotten
Brazil into economic difficult
ties and debt, however. He
claims he is pushing Brazil
ahead fast, damn the cost. His
critics charge he is running the
nation. His supporters call him
a savior.
JuScelino KubitSchek ignores
all the charges against him,
He gallops along the edge of
an economic ditch, confident
his cart won't plunge in.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

FULL NAME-JusceIino Kubits-
chek de oliveria.
CLAIM TO FAME-Psesident Of
BroziI ond host to President
Eisenhower todoy. ~
HoME-Presidenti6l Police. Rio
de Joneiro.
acknowledgements Y, 1902.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Semi
noN; graduated in 1877 with
honors in medicine and surgery
from the medical college Of
the University Of Minos Geruis.
JoBS-lnternship in Poris. Vienna
ond Berlin hospitoIs; head Of
surgical division Of the MedieoI
Corps Of the Minos Gerois Mill
tory Forces, 1882; government
secretary, 1888; elected to Fed
erol Chamber Of Deputies from
Minos, 1884; resumed priVote
proctiee, 1887; Mayor Of BeIo
Horizonte, 1870 1915; re-
elected Chomber Of Deputies,
1916; elected governor Of Minos
Gerois, 1850; took office os
President Of Bro1il Junuory 81.
1856.
FAMILI-Moried in 1881 TO
SGfch Lemos, two daughters,
Mario Esteio and Mnreio.
HoBBlES-Enjoys singing and
doneing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
AID
Continued From First Pag,

Continued From First Page
egg to counter the threats Of
communism.
/ He urged the committee to
approve the 81 billion military
assistance item in the coolest
calculation of self-interest" as
well as on the basis of altruism
moral obligation and respon-
slble United States Leadership
in the non-Communist world.
Sees Decided Advantage
THE military assistance pro-
gram provides us the only
feasible method that has YET
been devised of attaining the
detectives so essential to oul
modern military planning" Mr.
Gates told the committee. III
this country should itself at.
tempt to provide throughout
the world the strength cur
rently represented by the
countries to which we give mill
tary assistance, the burden or
our resources, both of men and
OF money, would in my judg-
ment be intolerable."
Gen. Nathan F. Twining
chairman of the Joint Chiefs
OF Staff, was to have testified
/ at today'S hearing. He is still
hoSpitalized as the result of an
operation, but his prepared
statement was read by the Army
Chief of Staff, Gen. Lyman
Lemnitzer.
/ Gen. TWining said the United
States cannot abandon now OF
in the future the principles and
policies which have established
collective security as the key
stone of our international
agreements with our allies"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

freedom and self-determination
of peoples.
To this end the Presidents
reaffirm their solidarity with
the principles approved by all
nations of America within the
scope of operation Pan America
and states and those other en-
titles which already are formu-
Ilating measures to help achieve
these ends. This will pave the
way to realization of inter-
American ideals, economic as
we'll as political.
Acknowledging that joint eff
forts of the American nations
have already achieved much
but firm in the conviction that
action still more fruitful should
be taken, the two Presidents
are confident that the hemi-
spheric crusade for economic
development will lead toward
greater prosperity and harmony
for all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
HEADLINE PERSONALITY
Kubitschek Leads Brazil
With Toughness, Kindness

RIO DE JANEIRO. Feb. %
(AP).-A black limousine tipped
down a narrow, dusty road in
Brazil's interior. A motorcycle
escort motioned it to slow
down.
Ahead, blocking passage, was
a peasant clipping along in a
donkey cart. The motorcycle
policemen shouted for him to
get out of the way. But the
fustered peasant had no place
To- go but ahead, or to drive his
eait into a long roadside ditch.
In the limousine, a slim man
with slicked-down hair ordered
the car to a halt. He got out
and walked to the peasants
cart.
Keep going along" he said.
well pass you when we find
q place. Take your time"
The man was the President Of
Brazil, Juscelino KubitSchek,
called "simpatico" by millions
of Brazilians whether they like
his government or not a nice
guy.
Has Tough Side, Too
But middle-road Juscelino
Kubitschek-flrst of the Latin
American chiefs of state to
greet President Eisenhower
has a tough side.
He once asked an engineer If
he could speed up a dam prof.
ect. The engineer said no.
Snapped President Kubitschek:
Then, you better quit and
we'll get someone who can do
It,"
That's the way with JuSce-
limo Kubitschek, leader of the
biggest of the struggling Latin
American nations: Always kind
to the little guy; tough, if he
has to be. with the big guy, in
Guiding the United States.
AS he enters the last year of
his f1ve-year term, President
Kubitschek claims he has eco
nomically troubled Brazil well
on the road to prosperity and
world leadership after 200 years
in the doldrums.
At the same time, he has
become a recognized leader on
this continent.
Poverty Cited
After the spit and stone
rioting against Vice President
Nixon elsewhere in Latin Amer
lea in 1858, Mr.. Kubitschek
fired off letter to President
Eisenhower. A deep-seated
cause of the rioting, he said,
was poverty and misery. Mr..
Kubzitschek then proposed his
now famous Operation Pan
America, a plan that invites the
United States to take a hand
in making Latin America rich.
That was the "simpatlco"
side of Mr.. Kubitschek, giving
some friendly advice to a big
brother who found himself in
trouble down here. I
A tough side Of Mr.. Kubits-
chek came out last midyear
when the United States re-
fused him more loans. lie &C
cused United States policy
makers of shortsighteoness and |
warned OF the consequences
when, he is confident, this ma
ton becomes rich and power
full.
Brazil" he said, sis no
longer the guest that is kept
in the kitchen"
But that Ratchet is buried
FOR the time being, at least.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
EISENHOWER
u. S. and Brazil Join.
To Aid Hemisphere

a chance to talk privately to-
night at dinner in the new
marble and glass Presidential
Palace. Mr.. Kubitschek is ex-
pected to urge American finan-
cial backing for his pet opera
ton Pan-America," a sweeping
program of economic develop
ment for Latin America. The
Brazilian President has beer
disappointed by United States
refusal to give blanket endorse
ment to his far-reaching pro.
poSal. The United States has
expressed wholehearted con-
currence with the plans basic
goal, but insists that the plan
must be worked out in more
detail and then must be care
fully studied.
Wants Trade and Loans
Mr.. Kubitschek is also re-
ported anxious for more active
United States help in Brazil's
development, both by trade and
loans.
| Specific points the Brazilian
president may raise with Mr..
Eisenhower include credits for
his country's nationalized oil
industry, end the possibility OF
some joint move to deal with
Cuban Prime Minister Fldel
Castro's regime.
Mr.. Kubitschek is reported to
have offered BraZii'S good Ot-
fees in an effort to settle the
dispute over Cuban seizure of
United States properties.
President Essen hover
brother, Milton, one of his
closest advisers on Latin
America. flew to Puerto Rico
before dawn to join the party.
Host to Republicans
/ Mr.. Eisenhower left Wash
ington early yesterday and flew
to Puerto Rico. He talked for
80 minutes at the San Juan
Airport with Gov Luis Munoz
Marin, then few on to Ramey
Air Force Base, 80 miles from
San Juan, where he spent the
night.
During the afternoon Mr..
Eisenhower got in 10 holes of
golf at the base course. Later
he was host at a small recep-
ton at the base officers club at
tended by leaders of his own
Republican Party in Puerto
Rico.
Gov. Munoz Marin leads the
Popular Party, which roughly
corresponds to the Democratic
Party in the United States. He
did not attend the reception.
During the reception Mr.. Eli
senhower invited Luis A. Ferre,
who is expected to oppose Gov
Munoz Marin in the November
gubernatorial election, to come
to Washington to talk about
political matters and particu-
larly the Republican Party.
The Republicans in Puerto
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

During Mr.. Eisenhower'S stay
Mr. Kubitschek will be doing
a lot of salestalking for his
81 million people, starting in
BraSilia-the new capital, come
April 81, which Mr.. Kubitschek
says symbolizeS all Brazil'S
hopes. Brasilia is Mr.. Kubits-
chek's one big project to open
up the interior.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
rugMakers
Deny Greed,
Defend Prices
BY the Associated Press

Organized drug manufac-
turers denied vigorously today
their industry is profiteering
against the sick, or dealing in
monopolistic practices.
DR.. Austin Smith of Wash
ington, president of the Phar-
maceutical Manufacturers AS
ISOLATION, commended instead
that drugs and medicines are
1.-The real bargain" for the buy
ing public today. His testi-
mony was prepared for renewed
hearings by the Senate Anti
trust and Monopoly Subcom-
mittee.
At earlier hearings, the sub
committee has heard testimony
that some big manufacturers
have received markups as big
as several thousand per cent
on medicines sold to patients
for up to so cents a dose.
misleading" Feared
Without specifically mention
ing details of that testimony,
DR.. Smith commended that
singing out the price of one
out of many products of a firm
could mislead the public.
Vigorously defending medi-
cine prices as reasonable, he
said:
Americans would be paying
a billion dollars a year more
for drugs if the price Of medi-
cine in the past few years had
gone up only as much as the
total cost of living"
! He said drug prices rose 3
per cent in the last 10 years
while the average wholesale
price Of all industrial products
went up % per cent.
"Tampering" Scored
He told the subcommittee
that the industry is doing a
good job under the free inter-
prise system and cautioned:
ANY tampering, any gov
ernmental restraints upon the
healthy incentives which this
Gree enterprise) system pro-
vides for new discovery and
product development will in
evitably slow the flow of life
giving drugs which has bene-
flied every American and
people all over the world"
DR.. Smith said he spoke for
1873 manufacturers of prescllp-
ton drugs and medicines who
are members of his association
Far from any monopoly, he
said, the United States leads
the world in the discovery and
development of new medical
preparations because of intense
competition among the 1900
firms which manufacture pre-
Scription drugs in the United
States.
No single company among
them, he said, has as much as
10 per cent Of the industry's
total sales. He urged the sub
committee to find that his is
one of the most competitive
industries it has ever examined.
DR.. Smith gave a step by
step account of what he said
goes into the cost of developing
and marketing a new medicine
Or selling an established one.
He said research and devel-
opment costs are major items
and so is the use of specialists
known as detail men" These
men are sent around the coun-
try to represent each firm and
inform doctors about good and
bad features Of new medicines.
DR.. Smith said two-thirds of
all doctors rely on detail men
for most Of their information
about new products.
He objected to a suggestion
voiced in earlier hearings
that doctors. prescribe more
medicines by generic names in
stead of by brand names. He
said there can be important
differences between prepara-
tons of the same generic de-
scription produced by different
makers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
lmpuIsive Tuxpuyers

TULSA, Okla. AP).-Tulsa
County Treasurer w. E. McIn-
tosh says he received one $40
check when the tax payment
due was only 40 cents and an
other Sl2 check when IL cents
was due. He returned both
checks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

Rico advocate statehood for the
island, now a United States
commonwealth. Gov. Munoz
Marin says Puerto Rico is not
ready.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
BrosiIio Declaration
Stresses Rights of Man

BRASILIA. Brazil, Feb. 20 (AP).-The tert of Dec
ldraton OF BraSa issued today by President Eisenhower
and President JuScelno Kubitschek:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23
Dine in Rio Tomorrow

Dlne In MO tomorrow
Mr.. Kubitschek will return to
Rio de Janeiro tonight, to await
Mr.. Eisenhower's arrival there
by plane tomorrow. The United
States president will visit Sac
Paulo, Brazil's industrial me-
tropolis, on Thursday and on
Friday will fly to Buenos Aires.
Mr.. KubitSchek has been
openly pleased that Mr.. Eisen-
hover chose Brazil as the first
stop on his tour, which also
includes Argentina, Chile and
Uruguay.
I'VE interpret the visit Of
President Eisenhower as a geS-
ture of great friendship for
Brazil" he told reporters. I'VE
will receive him not only as a
grand friend, but also as COM
mander who led us all to
democratic security Tin World
War III ="
The two Presidents will have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-02-23

States in its development, but
said "our two countries remain
unalterably bound together"
Machinery Lined Up
Along the plaza from which
this giant Latin American ma
ton will be governed starting
April 81. bulldozers, graders,
derricks, trucks and jeeps were
lined up for Mr.. Eisenhower
to review along with workers.
This is the wet season in
Brasilia, and decoration of the
city was held up until Just a
few hours before Mr.. Essen
hower'S arrival because of the
threat of more rain.
Mr.. Eisenhower's schedule in
Brasilia included a civic re-
ception in the center of the
city, the unwilling of a monu-
ment commemorating his visit,
dedication of the foundation
stone for the new United
States Embassy, and a dinner
he will give tonight for Mr..
KubitSchek,
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09
A Mouthful

SENATOR Harry F. Byrd spoke a
= mouthful to the American Bar AS
ISOLATION presented him with it's Dis
section presented him with it's Dis
tinguished Service Award
Senator Byrd said three things are
sapping the strength Of the nation: a
Supreme Court grown too mighty,
labor leaders grown too arrogant and
federal bureaucracy grown too big"
judicial usurpation of power reached
a peak" under Chief Justice Earl War
rem \. THE Warren Court is under
mining our system Of Government
The more the government is centralized
the more susceptible it is to the ar
rogant influence Of labor leaders"
Senator Byrd, as usual, pulled no
punches and spoke mouthful in his
inimical straight toward manner.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09

U. N. policy must be revamped, it's
forces strengthened and a real effort
made to stabilize the chaotic conditions
now existing there.
The problem is critical now and will
become much worse before it gets any
better. No one wishes to rush into an
other Korean incident, but just how
this is to be avoided without turning
the Congo over to Communism is be-
coming a greater problem as time
passes.
Fear rules the world Smaller ma
tons are fearful that Russia and the
United States will be forced into an
atomic war. Because Of this fear these
nations are maintaining position of
neutrality. Should war come to the
Congo every effort will be made to force
the United States into similar position
1t found itself in Korea So far as we
are concerned the whole Of the Congo
IS not worth the life Of one American
boy, but from world position the
United States can not isolate itself
Unless the United Nations is strength
ened through full support Of at least
the nations of the free world, each will
ing to bear its share Of the expense and
Of the military needs, this organization
may find its usefulness at an end. Rus
STA is definitely taking advantage of
the lmpotency of the U. ~ policies
and police forces in the Congo and
elsewhere to encompass more and more
areas into the Communist control.
The United States can not afford to
be lulled into false security through
the United Nations. There is trouble
ahead.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09
Save Water

COIL and water are critical necessities
= in any area. Work began on the first
OF nine structures in the Buffalo Water
shed this week with the view of saving
water and saving soil. Details of plan
ming the structures, or dams, to control
the flow of water in the watershed of
Buffalo river have been underway for
the past several years. Located at
points along the upper reaches Of the
river these structures will retain the
excess water in flood times and allow
it to be released gradually for full use
over longer period Of time. In add-
ton to flood control they will continue
as source of supply in times of
drought.
The project encompasses TATTOO acres
OF land, roughly triangle bounded by
Route 46O on the north, Route Is on the
east and Prince Edward Charlotte
county-llne road on the south In addi-
ton to water control, the rivers
channel will be cleared Of hummocks,
Strengthened in places and generally
cleaned out. Some acreage now unusable
in the low grounds will be reclaimed
for cultivation.
An important by-product of this pro-
Ject is soil conservation work being done
by the farmers participating in the con-
troll program. A majority of the abut-
ting land is under soil conservation
parctlces, which include strip cropping.
terracing, and planting of cover crops
to control the rapid flow Of water thus
saving the valuable topsoil.
The entire project protects Farm
vllle's water supply Buffalo river is a
constant flowing stream and even in
cases of extreme drought it has supplied
the needs of Farmvile Additional con-
servation of the water flow will assure
continued supply in sufficiency for the
foreseeable future.
Farmville Town Council has before
it proposal to build an additional re-
servolr on the property of J. H. Wick,
just west of Farmville. This reservoir
would be approximately so acres and
would store a minimum Of SO million
gallons of water, fifty day supply for
Farmvllle. This water would be taken
from the flow of Buffalo river throuph
filter at the source thus assuring
controlled supply of clear water.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09
False Security

ULLED into a state of false security
the free nations depend upon United
Nations forces to bring some semblance
OF order out of the chaos in the Congo.
While U. n trouble shooters fit for
place to place attempting to persuade
this chief and that chef to be patient,
Y. n. Forces, expenses of which are
largely borne by the United States, are
in command of key points These forces
are simply performing holding oper-
atoms. In the meantime, tribes are
fighting tribes, and area leaders are
vylng for power. Congolese armed
forces are periodically in condition
of mutiny. These conditions can not
continue for an indefinite period. Some
thing has to give
In the meantime Communist, prin-
clpally CZechs, arrive with food sup
plies, etc, on unilateral basis from
Russia. With supplies go communist
agents who stay to boss the Congolese
army operations. Recent news of 200
Russians reaching the Congo indicates
the operation now under way by the
Communists. Pastmasters at infiltration
and subversion it is logical to presume
that more agents will follow and arms
struggled for use by the Lumumba re-
CINE, which is friendly to, if not part
of. the Communist conspiracy to take
over the Congo as a communist satel-
lite. Force will dominate the Congo
sooner or later, and presently there is
sufficient evidence that this force is
being supplied by the Communists,
while the U. n attempts to perform
police action and stabilize the Congo
uprising by persuasion.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09
Law Discouraging

IT cost comparatively little to run for
: office in the days when conventions
nominated candidate Now it costs
vast sums, Senator Kennedy will prob
ably spent million dollars in his ef-
fort to secure the Democratic nomin-
alton for President. TO put through
a thorough primary campaign for Gov
ernor or U. S. Senator in Iowa may cost
as much as $4,000 or 100000. A pri-
mary campaign for U. S. Representa-
tive can cost a good many thousand
dollars. Few men have that much nancy
to spend in that way 1t we want good
officials we must find some other wav
TO select them than under the primary
system, as it is now being conducted.
Council Bluffs (Iowa) Nonpareu
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-09-09
Double Che tx

Now it b econ e S debatable
which is the worst off, Ike or
his side kick Dick Nixon. F o r
his knee it would do him good
to get rubbed down with Ken
nedy's SPAWN Cure and lie in
bed until after Nov. 8 he
might get elected. People really
vote for ailin' Republicans.
It's now rumored around that
lot Of people are going to stay
home on election and because of
Nixon that's a bad mode.
Get out and vote the Demo
cratic ticket this is 1860.
We are swallowing a lot of
things what's worse that what
they make like they stand agst
at in this campaign Some came
by it the natural way, following
Senator. Byrd and voting COP
. . whole hog and all.
Bishop Cannon about ruint
Virginia. First he sent Virginia
Prohibitionist and then he car
ried them Republican this
is an old gag. It's politics at its
lowest ebb. I foloWered them
once and | know they amt
a earring me this time. I know
Kennedy is better Democrat than
Senator Byrd is and that's
what counts when it comes to
Jefferson. Jacks SON, Wilson
Democrats.
Already Dick Nixon is re-
vamping his campaign
started off on the wrong foot and
the knee busted. That's politi
cal procedure for you.
c gress adjourned :.
nothln done they are just
glad they went. 1t wound up to