davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29
Catholics Indebted to Williams, Penn for Freedom

the birth of the first son of
George Calvert. originator of
the colony of Maryland. Dur
ing the last years of the
long rein of Elizabeth the
Queen forced conformity
among the Welsh to her
Established Church.
AFTER WILLIAMS gradu-
ated from Cambridge, he be-
came an Anglican divine. But
his prompt disagreement with
the state religion made his
exodus to America a salutary
move for him. Landing in
Boston in 1881, soon he was
in disfayor akin to that OF
the mother country.
Roger Williams Puritanism
was not identical with that of
the leaders in New England.
Unlike them, having come to
America for his own re-
ligious freedom he advocated
lifting any restrictions on the
consciences of others.
Again departing hastily
rather than conforming, Will
liams founded Providence in
Rhode Island. There he fol-
lowed Calvert in time at
least in his grant of religious
freedom to all Christians.
Probably no Catholics were
in his colony during his life
time, but the lack of mention
of "Papists" may not be
ascribed to inadvertence on
the part of Williams.
IN FACT, more credit is
due TO him for his charity in
that his private letters dis
closed his personal hostility
to the Catholic Church. Not
withstanding his hatred of a
religion he did not know as
it is in truth, Williams inn
posed no prohibition TO Catho-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

sions into New York by one or
another of the priests.
GERMAN AND IRISH i'm
migrants added to the Catho-
lie population. Then too, the
continued liberation beyond
or outside the law emboiden-
ed the faithful. This continu-
ed after their original pro-
tector, William Penn, had
died in England in 1918.
With st. Joseph as its pat
rons, a church finally was
opened in Philadelphia in
1874. AS may be seen today,
1t was built Aon a side street
(Willingss Alley. Thus at
tracing little attention, 1t
was not a source of constant
irritation to hostile eyes.
With the erection of st.
Joseph's it could be said that
the Church - even though
still outside the law - had
emerged from the catacombs
of private homes to the light
of semi-public worship at
least. In 1774 the future
President John Adams re-
ported visiting a "Romish
chapel" which was st.
Joseph's.
A GENERATION of peace
between France and England
in the Old World and the
New was reflected in tran
qulllity for Catholicism in
Pennsylvania. The cry of mo
Popery" was raised afresh
when hostilities were resum-
ed between these major
European powers and their
allies.
While active persecution
was missing, the loyalty of
Catholic colonists was quest
Toned anew. "Papists' were
forbidden to settle in western
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

more significant of the two
measures.
PREVIOUSLY, the Post Of
flee could impound mail on
its own authority-but only
for a period of 20 days, a time
postal officials have said is
insufficient to compile
action against an obscenity
dealer.
UNDER THE NEW law the
department may no longer
impound mail on its own
authority. But il may seek an
impounding order from a
Federal district court. If the
judge is persuaded that there
are reasonable grounds to be-
lleve the mail addressee is
dealing in obscenlty, ne may
issue an impounding order for
as long a time as he deems
necessary.
Mail is impounded to cut
off a suspected smut dealer
from his sources of revenue,
Postal officials asserted that
under the old 20-day limit
dealers were making a profit
from their operations before
any effective legal action
could be taken against them.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

the qualification of every of
ficeholder. With this. bar to
any participation by the faith
full in the government of the
colony, legal freedom for
Catholics vanished in Pennsyl-
vania until 1776.
Anti-C Catholicism was pre-
sent in Pennsylvania during
the 18th century. Still. the
constitutional ban on Catho-
lies was not fashioned into
a club of religious perse-
cution. A surreptitious man
ner of operation, however,
had the expected consequence
of very sketchy records by
Catholics themselves.
HENCE 1T Is FROM a let
ter of protest by a Protestant
minister named John Talbot
that it is known a Mass was
publicly offered in Phila-
delphia around 1908. While
William Penn wrote to the
governor from England, ap-
parently no oppressive action
was taken.
AS opposition intensified in
the once Catholic foundation
of Maryland, the border be-
tween these two colonies and
the present Delaware was
the scene of much Catholic
activity. Any increase in eff.
forts at suppression could
thereby be met by a quick
SHIFT in the place where
Mass was offered, where one
OF the prescribed priests
lived, or the site of one of
the sporadic attempts at
giving Catholic education.
In I'LL there were nine
priests near this friendly
Pennsylvania line" From
this point were attended the
faithful in these three
colonies, plus frequent excur-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

In America the response
had been legal prescription
of Catholics save in Maryland.
There the charity of the
founders to those outside the
Faith ultimately cost Catho-
lies their American sanctuary.
IN THE COLONIAL desert
of anti.C catholicism Pennsyl-
vania came to be the single
oasis where the green stalk
of the Faith could be cult
waited in relative freedom.
Before reviewing the origin
and endurance of this liber-
ty a salute is due to a pio-
neer American apostle of cree
dial equality. BY no means is
his name unknown; he was
Roger Williams. Because his
fairness had virtually no eff
feet on colonial Catholics it
would be easy to neglect his
contribution.
Williams was born in Wales
a half dozen years prior to
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29
lie Faith or ceremonies.

lie Faith or ceremonies.
While today Rhode Island
has the highest percentage of
Catholics of any state, vir-
tually none found haven in
the colony. After 1928 Catho-
lies were completely dis
franchised by the Assembly
of Rhode Island and that dis
elimination continued after
the American. Revolution.
PENNSYLVANIA was the
sole English colony in America
to be named after its actual
founder. Distinguished for
many attributes, William
Penn resembled Roger Will
liams in suppressing his per-
sonal hostility in his public
utterances relative to Catho-
licism. Then, too, he was like
George Calvert.
In the first legislation for
his colony in 1852 Penn in
corporated both civil and re-
ligious equality for all as
Calvert had in Maryland. son
Religion" was the title of the
initial chapter of this Great
Law. Therein it was stated
all persons living in this
Province $50. shall not in
any case be molested or pre-
JUDGED for his. or her, con-
scientious persuasion or prac-
tice'.
a FEW CATHOLICS who
came in the first years found
these words verified by an
actual welcome Despite his
fellowship with the Quakers,
Penn enjoyed royal favor in
the court of the Stuarts,
Charles ii and James II.
The collapse of the reign
of James IL. England's last
Catholic king. threatened to
involve William Penn in the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29
AIMED AT OBSCENITY:
President Signs
Two New Laws

WASHINGTON, NC President Eisenhower has
signed into law two measures designed to give the Post
Office Department greater power to combat mall order
obscenity.
A third bill, which would establish a presidential
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

HAVE A GOOD CRY
Tears are useful for other
purposes than getting a wom-
an her own way, according TO
one scientist. He points out
that tears keep the mucous
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

Pennsylvania where they
would be proximate to the
enemy under the Lilies of
France.
The Treaty of Paris of 1868
removed the proximate mill
tary danger from either
France or Spain. That les
sened if it did not eliminate
the tension under which Penn
-sylvania Catholics lived.
DURING THE FRENCH and
Indian War a census of the
Catholics in the colony of
William Penn reekoned their
number as 1874. How minute
was this little band in COM
parlson with Pennsylvania
total population of approx
mately a half-million.
That the most rabid anti
Catholic would be concern
ed with SO scanty a minority
is difficult to understand to-
day. Yet the fuIminations of
the Puritans in New England
against 1.-THE Papists" was at
its height in 1857 when a
French traveller reported find
ing Eight or ten Catholics"
in Boston,
CLEARLY OUTSIDE the
law, Catholics in Pennsyl-
vania nonetheleSs enjoyed
the greatest freedom of all
the faithful along the Atlantic
seaboard. Though few indeed
they were in number, from
them came the leaders of the
Church once the new nation
was formed.
Hence it is not to Lord
Baltimore alone, but to Roger
Williams and even more to
William Penn that Catholics
are indebted for having sur
vived colonial anti : Catho-
licism.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

commission on the obscenlty
problem, has passed the Sen
ate and is pending before the
House reconvenes on Aug. Is.
The new laws signed by
President Eisenhower July
la have the following pur-
poses:
one authorizes the Post
Office 10 seek q court order
impovndins mail sent 70 per-
sons believed 10 be disfribut'
Ing obscene matter, pending
q department. hearing on the
case.
the other gives statutory
status 10 the position OF
Post Office judicial officer,
who ordinarily hands down
the final departmental de-
eision in obscenity cases.
Both bills were originally
introduced in the House by
Rep. Kathryn +. Granular
of Pennsylvania. They have
been endorsed by Post Office
spokesman and by many or
CARNATIONS and individuals
concerned with the obscenlty
problem.
The new law governing the
lmponuding of mail sent TO
suspected smut distributors
Is regarded as potentially the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29
BY FIR. PETER J. RAHILL

In England penal laws
against Catholics were by
no means abolished after
the death of Elizabeth |
in 1903. Many pulpits in
both mother country and colo
MES Joined the Anglican di-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29
this
is
an
underphoned
---&~ss ~s @-s
home

Problem: caught outdoors when
you're wanted on the phone?
Solution: an extension in the
garage or on the patio, Then, if
you get a call, just stroll over and
say, Hello" No need to worry
about muddy or wet feet.
A handy extension for outdoor
activities costs as little ASSES a
month, plus tax.
Call Ohio Bell and order extern
sions for underphoned areas in
your home. Or, ask the man on
the telephone truck. Ask about
the Princess Phone," too.
OHIO BELL
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

membrane of the eye from
drying out bacteria just love
dried-out mucous %membrane)
and that tears contain lyso-
lyme, an engine that's pois-
on to germs.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-07-29

vine ] 0 h n
Tillotson in
INJECT e S
against ''the
restless and
a de-
signs of that
sure and in
v G I e a t e
e m Y of
$. h e
c h Of
Rome.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

parations for the peaceful-uses
when the site project is COM
pleted.
In the IA months of the
unilatreal American morator-
ium from November, 1858 to
the end of 1859, officials en-
phasized, only nuclear weapons
tests were included in the ban,
not nuclear experiments fol
peaceful purposes.
Although the United States
would permit United Nations
observers, including any men,
Der of the UN. officials said il
was not expected that actual
inspection of the nuclear device
would be permitted.
Negotiations for a test bar
have been centering on rela-
lively minor problems like the
dispatch of aircraft to gather
air samples after suspected
above-ground nuclear tests.
Secretary Of State Herter re.
ported last week that the ne
gotiations are stuck" on the
problem Of on-site inspection
lof suspicious underground
shocks. American scientists es.
innate there will be thousand,
of such suspicious events each
year because Of the imprecisG
state Of the seismic science, but
the Soviet Union wants to per.
NIT no more than "a few" on
site inspections each year.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Denver U. Alumni

Chancellor Chester M. Alter
Of the University Of Denver
will address a dinner meeting
of Washington Baltimore area
alumni Of Denver at 7 pm
Tuesday. The dinner will be
held in the faculty dining room
at American University.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Navy Shifts
Several Top
Commanders
By the Associated Press


Rear Admiral Charles l.
Nelson, superintendent of the
Naval Academy at Annapolis
will become commander of the
lst Fleet on July /, the White
House announced yesterday.
President Eisenhower also
nominated Admiral Nelson and
two other rear admirals,
Ulysses S. G. Sharp, jr., and
George F. Beardsley. for pro-
motions.
Admiral Sharp, now COM
mander Of the Pacific Fleets
cruiser-destroyer force, will
take over May / from Vice
Admiral Ruthven E. Libby as
commander of the 1st Fleet.
He will serve in that capacity
until July l and then will re-
place Vice Admiral Bernard L.
Austin as deputy chief Of naval
operations for plans and op-
erations.
At that time Admiral Austin
will replace Vice Admiral
Stuart H. Ingersoll as president
Of the Naval War College, and
Admiral Nelson will take over
command of the lst Fleet.
Admiral Beardsley, now the
Navy's deputy controller, will
replace Vice Admiral Edward
w. Clexton on July as chief
of Navy materiel.
President Eisenhower asked
the Senate to retire Admirals
Ingersoll. Libby and Clexton
in the permanent rank Of vice
admiral. He also nominated
Rear Admiral Frank T. Wat
kins, now commandant of the
18th Naval District, for retire.
ment next July ! in the rank
Of vice admiral.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

the New Mexico underground
site has not begun. Since it
will take about a year, a new
President will be in the White
House by the time the time for
decision arrives.
Unless there is an unexpected
blow-up with the Soviet Union,
the United States is not eX-
pected to resume testing nu-
clear weapons.
Conducting nuclear eXplo-
sions even for peaceful pur-
poses runs certain risks. Most
of the uncommitted world op-
poses all future tests and the
United Nations is on record
opposing them.
Pressure on Reds
The immediate effect of the
Acc announcement was ex-
pected to be subtle pressure
on the Soviet Union in the
Geneva negotiation on a nu.
clear-test ban.
The Kremlin is expected to
condemn the Acc announce
ment as a poorly-camouflaged
resumption of nuclear weapons
tests.
At the same time, however
the Soviet Union is put or
notice there is a limit to the
amount of negotiation without
agreement on a test ban that
the, United States will tolerate
Defense officials here fear
that by prolonging the nego-
tiations indefinitely the Soviet
Union will achieve its primary
goal, which is a comprehen-
Sive ban without inspection
Talks are now begged down or
the inspection problem.
officials emphasized that
only site construction has beer
approved by President Eisen-
hover so far. The President
whoever he is, will have tc
make another decision on pre-
Evening star., 1960-03-17
CEIR Aide to Talk

DR.. Herbert r. j. GroSch,
director Of corporate programs
and planning for C.E.I.R.. Inc,
will address the Washington
Chapter of the Association for
Computing Machinery on New
Trends in Computing" at 8
O'Clock tonight at the Broad
moor Hotel.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

school and college students.
Lectures, seminars and prac-
ticum sessions will examine
various phases Of counseling
The workshop is headed by DR.
Edward c. Stefic. director OF
the University's Counseling
Center.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
President SAYS
Census Data
Kept Secret
BY GARNETT ID. HORNER
Star Stan Writer

Americans have assurance
straight from the top that mo
person can be harmed in any
way" by answering all questions
asked by the census taker next
month.
There need be no fear that
disclosure will be made regard
ing any individual person on his
affairs" President Eisenhower
emphasized in a proclamation
late yesterday.
He declared that it is every
ones duty to answer all ques-
tions in the census schedules
"and that any person refusing
to do so is subject to penalty
as provided by law"
Statistical Purposes
Taking great pains to reas-
sure anyone fearing that his
answers might be used against
him in some way, the President
added:
The sole purpose of the CEN
sus Is to secure general statis-
tical information regarding the
population, its characteristics.
and its homes. Replies are re-
quired from individuals only to
enable the compilation Of such
general statistics.
individual information COL
lected in the taking of the 18th
oecennial census will not be
used for purposes Of taxation,
investigation, or regulation, or
IN connection with military or
jury service, the enforcement
OF school attendance, the regu-
lation Of immigration, or the
enforcement of any national,
State. or local law or ordinance.
For the due protection of
the rights and interests of the
persons furnishing information,
every employe Of the Census
Bureau is prohibited, under
heavy penalty, from disclosing
any information which NAV
come to his knowledge by rea-
son Of his employment"
Data to Guide Nation
Mr.. Eisenhower pointed out
that great changes" have oc-
Cured in this country since the
last census was taken 10 years
ago. These changes. he
added, "have made it more es-
sential than ever before that
we have a current inventory of
the Nations people, homes and
other resources to guide us in
the future"
The demonstrating will begin
April /.
In other proclamations issued
late yesterday, the President
called for observance of Citi-
zenshp Day on September IT,
and OF Constitution Week be-
ginning that day; designated
the week beginning July "a as
National Farm Safety Week
and established the Key Largo
Coral Reef Preserve for marine
animals of Florida.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

counseling will be held June
10 through 81. The workshop
will deal with the psychological
aspects of counseling high
Evening star., 1960-03-17
At est Decision Seen
Up to Next President

The Atomic Energy Commissions prep
aratons for underground nucear test in New Mexico
next increased the likelihood today that the touchy
decision ending the 15-month test moratorium will
left to the next administration.
Ocias construction of Mexico underground
Evening star., 1960-03-17
CounseIine Sessions

The third in Catholic Univer-
sity's series Of workshops on
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Luscious, sweet-tasting Florida grapefruit!

Spoon into the uicest grapefruit you did taste
fresh grapefruit, fresh from FIoridal
Every juicy, sweet-tasting mouthful is filed with
otaty, because Florida grapefruit is Natures gold
mine of Vitanin C.
We all need fresh supply of natural Vitamin every
day, for its one vitamin our bodies can't store It's
also important to get Vitamin C as Nature intended
in combination with all the extra vtamins minerals
and other health builders you'll find in fresh Florida
grapefruit That's why its called -.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-01-07
School 0ruforicul
Contest Scheduled
For January Is

An oratOrical contest will be
held in the high school auditor
ium Wednesday evening. January
Is, beginning at 100.
Contestants will give speeches
on any phase Of the U. S cOnsti,
tuition.
The contest is being conducted
as cooperative undertaking be
tween the local schools and the
American Legion, in line with the
American Legion'S national pro-
gram in sponsoring such contests
under its AmeriCanism project.
The winner will be eligible to
compete with other finalists in
District that comprises 10 towns
Of this area.
\ winner can COnceiVably enter
zone, divisional, and national con
tests and eventually win a sChol-
arship, depending his training
and talents.
The public is urged to attend
this contest, the first held in
Browning in many years.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-01-07
Hospital News

Discharged: Joseph Fisher, Rob
ert Kennerly, Evelyn Ground.
Gale Running Wolf, Barbara
Mulch, Daryl Bull Shoe, John
Calf Tail, Sr., Gary Lee Middle
Rider, Hattie Pepion, Richardo
Costello, Rosalind Bull Plume,
Kenneth Juneau, Thomas Thomp-
son, Gilbert Morgan
Currently Hospitalized: Darlene
Old Man Chief, Mae Calf Boss
Ribs. Gladys Heavy Runner, Jane
Anderson. Catherine Croft, Jose
Prime Paul, Helen Martinez, Mary
Matt, Kelly Howard. Mary Har-
rison, Elizabeth Brown, Patricia
Comfy, Cleo Bull Shoe, Calvin
d. Marceau, Marvin Running Rab-
bit, GenevieVe Still Smoking,
John Bear Medicine, Richard Lu-
Zero, Peter Vielle, Sr., Juanita
Weasel Head and Martin James
Still Smoking.
Births: Mr.. and Mrs. William
Gillian, Jr., Browning, a daugh-
ter; Mr.. and Mrs. Donald Woolf,
Browning, a daughter
Deaths: Susan Horn
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-01-07
American Legion
Taking Orders For
New 50-Stur Flags

The Bldrkfeet Indian ReServa-
ton Post 1877 of the American
Legion has launched the sale of
new so star American flags, &C
cording to post commander Frank
Greco.
In a drive to get as many of
the business places and homes in
the area TO display the new en-
blem on appropriate days of the
year, the post will take orders
for the flags, plus a pole if de-
sired.
All orders will be filled through
the office of the Department of
Montana at Helena.
A g. X s. flag, alone, will cost
about $3.50, to indicate an idea
of the cost
Several sizes are available at
differing prices, and commander
Greco suggests that those wish
ing to purchase one should order
from either Kenny Vale, post
adjutant, or Ed ALBERT, finance
officer.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-01-07
Browning Braves To
Meet Cheyenne
Saturday Evening

The Cheyenne All Stars from
BuSby, Montana and the Brown
ing Braves, Independents. will
tangle in a basketball game at
the old gym Saturday night start
ing at 8 pm.
The All-StarS boast of several
outstanding c heyen ne Indian
players, and they are expected
to test the mettle of the Braves,
this COmunItys entrant in the
coming all-Indian tournament the
first week in March at Browning.
To further training of the
Braves, Coach Tom SellarS is pit
ting them tonight Thursday in
a league game with the Cut Bank
Independents, at the old gym
beginning at 8 pm. This game,
too, will probably go down to the
wire because of the unusual tai
ent Of several players on both
teams.
Working out for coveted posi-
tiOnS in Brave ranks are Sylvester
ArrOWtOp, Murray HarWOOd, Pugs
Guardipee, Bob Howard, Billy
LOring, Glen Eagle Feathers, Bud
CObell, Gary Colbert, Gene Co
bell, Gene Ground, Allan La,
Plante, George Armstrong, and
lin Croft.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-01-07
Safety Circus To
Be Presented AT
Elementary School

Shouts Of The Circus is in
Town" will be heard January 10
at 10 am at the elementary
school in Browning when Officer
Ernest E. Presley presents his
traffic safety circus designed to
teach small-fry the rules OF traf-
fic safety.
With his 10 trained dogs which
perform tricks demonstrating the
proper safety habits, Officer
Presley and the safety circus are
touring the elementary schools
in the United States under the
national sponsorship of the Amer
lean Trucking Associations. The
local sponsors for the show will
be the Montana Highway Patrol
and the Montana Motor Trans
port Association.
Performing on ladders, plat
forms, barrels and other props,
the talented dogs provide a vivid
series of lessons in safety. Star
of the show is LaSsie, a collie well
verSed in traffic safety habits.
One of the members of the
troupe is Elmer, the clown. Off
Ger Presley reports that the an
tics of Elmer have made him one
of the most popular dogs in the
show.