davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-06-27
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

of aviation as modelled on
bird flight. but actually it
owes more to the flying fishes
and the vulture.
The mighty condor of the
Andes is one of these birds,
and it is said that it can let
itself down into a 2,000-foot
canyon without moving a
muscle, and go back up again
without the visible move
ment of a wing.
This is a marvel of flight.
however you look at it.
E. I. w. tells a story of a
small bird:
For several years a wren
built her nest high under the
caves Of our kitchen. She
would perch on mothers
clothesline and sing her little
song, and mother got so she
would hang her clothes some
where else, rather than dis
turb her.
"One day we heard her
making such a racket, my
father and I ran to see what
was the trouble.
"She was on the clothes
line, chattering and hopping
up and down, all the time
watching her nest so high
above.
And good reason. A large
snake was on the roof, and
trying his best to get under
the caves. But since there
was nothing for him to cling
to, he had not yet succeeded,
and she was calling for help,
seemingly knowing that
father would be nearby.
Father ran back into the
house to get his gun. The
snake was gradually work.
ing his way down the roof,
and as he would put his head
over the caves, he made a
perfect target.
THE wren stopped plead
ing, putting all her con-
fidence in father and the
gun. She never moved or
made a sound.
He took aim-fired-and
the snake rolled off the roof,
with a badly damaged head.
Immediately the wren few
up to her babies with a diff
ferent kind of chatter-one
of joy-and, we thought, Of
pride in her hero. Father
took the snake by the tail,
dragged him away, and fln-
ished him off by cutting his
head off.
THE roof needed some re-
pairing. but neither the wren
nor father minded that"
Evening star., 1960-06-27
Horns for Safety

Pay attention! This may
save your life. Automobile
horn blowing for many years
has fallen into disrepute, yet,
I'm firmly convinced that the
proper use of the horn on the
highway by all drivers would
save many lives each year.
On a four-lane divided
highway, or any highway,
you should always sound the
horn before passing another
car. 1t is Just common sense
to signal the car ahead before
placing 2 cars going a mile
a minute within 2 or 3 feet
of each other. You have no
right to assume that the driver
ahead knows you're coming
and will stay where he is.
When a car approaches the
main highway from a side
road, a light touch of the
horn button may prevent it
from turning out right in
front of you.
AS you approach a stopped
car over on the shoulder,
again, a light touch on the
button may keep children
from popping out or may
keep the driver from starting
out in front of you.
1t is my firm belief that
signs on our highways say
ing Sound Your Horn
When Passing" would contrib
ute greatly towards reducing
the slaughter on the roads.
Try it on your next trip.
w, L, ID,
Evening star., 1960-06-27
TO Protect the Public i.

In upholding the constitutionality of
the Districts poSt-Durham-c crimi-
nal insanity law, the United States
Court of Appeals has adhered to the
sound doctrine that the right of the
public to be protected against berserk
persons is of prime Importance. The rul-
ing strengthens the law which Congress
passed to prevent discretionary release
by the courts of criminals acquitted by
reason of insanity. The law made it
mandatory to commit such persons to
ST. Elizabeths until such time as they
may be pronounced safe for release on
the community.
The case at issue involved a man
charged with armed robbery who had
been found not guilty in District Court
on the ground of insanity. Under the
new law he was committed to the hos
pital for observation and treatment. His
petition for writ of habeas corpus to
gain his freedom was denied by the Dis
trict Court, whereupon he appealed on
constitutional and other grounds. He
claimed that his continued confinement
in the hospital violated due process, in
that he had been acquitted by jury OF
the crime charged and there had been
no judicial proceeding to warrant his
commitment to st. Elizabeths.
However, Judge Burger, for the
three-judge appellate panel, pointed out
that latter the Durham case Congress
promptly amended the statute to make
commitment mandatory in all such
cases." that mo penal or punitive con-
siderations" are involved in the proce-
dure, and that the plan has two pur-
poses: "Q) to protect the public and the
subject; (2) to afford place and pro-
cedure to rehabilitate and restore the
subject as to whom standards of our
society and the rules of law do not per-
nit punishment or accountability" He
added that even if a person so COM
mitted shows improvement in his con-
dition-although his mental state rem
ders him still potentially dangerous
reasonable medical doubts or reason
able judicial doubts are to be resolved
in favor of the public and in favor of
the subjects safety" AS for due proc
Evening star., 1960-06-27

hammered, studious and re-
spectful. Parents must CO.
operate with the schools and
attend PTA eetings.
Parents must give their chill
dren religious training and
see to it that their children
affiliate with the church.
This is imperative if children
are to develop religious and
moral precepts. Parents
should motivate and help
their children to get a good
education and become re-
sponsible citizens, adults and
parents in their own right.
Parents must help their chill
dren to face the future.
Wendall A. Paris,
Chairman Youth Fitness
Committee, Commissioners
Youth Council.
Evening star., 1960-06-27
Glen Echo Policy

What good reason can IA
Outraged Mothers" give that
Glen Echo should not be
segregated? 1t isn't owned by
the Government, thank
goodness, and if America is
still to be America, why
shouldn't the owners of that
OF any other place, have the
right to say who shall and
shall not enter?
= n
Evening star., 1960-06-27
Course Chorted

I wish to thank you for in
forming the anxious employees
of the Air Force Charting
Center about their pending
move to the Naval Weapons
Plant (June %. 1860. page y .
We can now make plans as
to transportation, etc. with
out waiting for the last min
ute to be informed Off
cially."
I feel that, even though
some may not like the loca-
ton, morale in this case will
improve through knowing the
Where" if not the why"
At Last,
Evening star., 1960-06-27

A reader wants to know If
the vulture, turkey buzzard
to you. finds its food by sight
or smell.
Our belief is that it is
mostly by sight, though it
can smell. too, properly
enough.
1t is said that a vulture
can see a moving mouse at
a distance of 2 miles, so this
would seem to settle it.
Wayfarers along Connect
icut avenue in the old days
will remember the buzzards
that sat atop a fashionable
apartment house.
They are gone now, re-
moved by the marvels of
electricity. but at that time
they sat there by hours.
Most pasSersby did not
know why they were there.
They thought they were
roosting. but it was not
roosting.
The big ugly girds were
keeping their keen eyes fixed
on a spot near the buffalo
pens down in the Zoo.
1t wasn't the pens or the
big beasts they were inter-
ested in, however.
1t was meat.
In the conduct of a large
daily feeding operation, such
as is carried on at our Ma
tional Geological Park, many
big bones, with slivers of
meat on them, were collected
every day.
These were piled at a place
near the pens, the object be-
ing to burn or bury them at
a certain time.
Once they were placed
there, the buzzards came into
action.
During the interval be-
tween placement and burial,
the bones were the feast of
the buzzards.
1t was sight, not smell,
with them.
Roasting was done by the
birds up the river.
Few species are more in
teresting than this one, de-
spite the disfavor most peo-
pie visit on it.
Actually, what is a bird
for, to be itself, or to afford
watchers amusement? The
question answers itself.
AS a species, the homely
vulture is a marvel of a bird.
His flying is past belief,
especially when it comes to
floating and taking advan-
tage Of air currents.
Offhand one tends 10 think
Evening star., 1960-06-27
Brain cells don't sleep.

ol all OCAlo OOAl Y b1CCps
They are even more
awake" when the brain, as
a whole, is deep in slumber.
This is the apparently
paradoxical finding of DR..
Edward v. Evarts of the Ma
tional Institute of Mental
Health. based on almost
ultra microscopic investiga-
tions of the occipital lobes,
the areas at the rear of the
cerebral cortex, or top of the
brain. involved in vision. DR..
Evarts inserted into cat
brains invisibly minute cleo
trodes, metallic points about
a .012 of an inch in diane
ter, into the immediate vi
cinity of vision cells about
a .002 of an inch diameter.
Neither electrode nor cell
could be seen except under
a powerful microscope.
The cells which respond
to visual stimulation are rel
atively isolated-that is by a
few billionths Of an inch be-
tween them composed of
connective tissue cells which
hold the brain together.
Now when a brain cell is
stimulated in some way, Dr..
Evarts explains, it creates
around itself an electrical
field the strength and extent
of which depends on the
strength of the cells electri-
cal discharge set off by the
stimulation. The purpose of
the invisibly minute elec-
trodes was to detect and
record this field.
He worked with cats,
which happened to be con-
venient animals and the
structure of whose brains
doesn't differ fundamentally
from that of human brains.
Once the tin electrodes were
implanted they could be left
in place permanently. The
animals soon became un-
conscious of them.
Two Impulses Recorded
Two kinds Of electrical ac-
tivity were recorded. One
was spontaneous activity or
brain noise" 1t goes on all
the time, sleeping or waking.
So far as known, it serves
no particular purpose in the
mental life of cat or man.
1t is, however, strong evi-
dence that a cell is not en-
tirely dormant.
First, when the cat was in
deep sleep. the cell near
which the electrode had been
placed was stimulated with
electricity-just as when it
would be stimulated by seeing
something when the animal
was awake. Then, with the
cat wide awake, it was Stimu-
lated by flashing lights in
the eye. The response, Dr.
Evarts reports, actually is
considerably greater during
sleep when the cat sees moth
ing.
DR.. Evarts has just re-
ported his findings to the
National Academy of Sci
ences. They probably woulc
apply, he says, to any other
sensory area of the brain
He offers at least tentative
explanations. Seeing - OF
hearing, feeling or any Other
sensory responses an ex.
tremely complex process
1t seems simple enough wher
one looks out the window
and secs" a tree shaken by
the wind or a child at play
The visual cortex primarily
is stimulated by the sight
But Immediately many othel
areas of the brain come int
Evening star., 1960-06-27
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Cells of Brain Constantly Alert
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

action - those controlling
memories, sense of position
and perhaps a hundred
others.
These act to modify in
various directions the reac-
tions of the visual cortex
cells. The result is a sight
of something one identifies
as a tree or child-not just
a meaningless blob of form
and color. 1t has taken
millenniums or brain evolu-
ton to "see" a child at play.
But when the cat is asleep
with its eyes closed none
of these modifying influences
from other parts of the brain
come into play. The cell
discharges at its full strength.
Brain intercommunications
are asleep. The cells are just
as much awake as ever. But
each cell is completely on its
own. Perhaps this is the
essential difference between
sleep and waking. Sleep is a
time of brain anarchy-per-
haps the anarchy of dreams.
1t is quite possible, DR..
Evarts says, to make use of
even more minute electrodes
to explore timer sections of
brain tissue in living animals
in all sorts of states of con-
sciousneSs.
- &*
Fever is a brain phenome-
non.
This is reported to the Ma
tional Academy of Sciences
by DR.. w. Barry Wood and
his associates of Johns Hop
kins University Medical
School.
Fever is characteristic of
all sorts of infections. 1t
generally is regarded as, per
Sc, a mechanism for protec-
ton of the body against in
vasion of malignant organ
isms. 1t can be induced ex-
perimentally in animals by
injection into the blood
stream of various bacterial
poisons, flu virus and other
agents.
Now what actually hap
pens, the Johns Hopkins ex-
periments with rabbits show.
is that the noxious agents
themselves are cleared out
of the blood stream quite
quickly but in the clearing
process there is produced
another substance, a "pyro-
gen." which is picked up by
the white blood cells and
carried to the brain.
Has Great Potential
There, the experimenters
reported, it acts powerfully
on heat-regulating Centers
which, in turn, control the
body'S temperature. Pre-
sumably it acts as a clean
up mechanism to kill off any
noxious invaders which may
remain in the blood stream.
Efforts now are underway,
they reported, to determine
the chemical makeup and
structure of this pyrogen
which eventually might have
a considerable role, espe-
cially in experimental medi-
cine. Up to now these efforts
have been unsuccessful but
they have shown that the
fever producing capacity,
per Sc, depends on certain
protein combinations which
enter into the substance.
There is some evidence.
the doctors reported, that
various invading agents may
stimulate the production of
different kinds of fever
inducing materials, although
to date all seem identical.
Evening star., 1960-06-27

ess, the judges said, the patient always
can resort to habeas corpus to test the
legality of his confinement.
The decision makes sense, both
from the standpoint Of the public inter-
est and from that of the person whose
sanity and accountability for certain
crimes are in question.
Evening star., 1960-06-27
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to con-
denSdtion.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
Capital Outlay
Rate Expected
To Stay High

NEW YORK. June % (AP)
= Iron Age magazine today
predicted a continuing high
rate of capital spending through
the second half of 1860.
Its prediction was based on
spending trends in the metal
working industry derived from
a survey conducted for the
magazine by the National In
duStrial conference board.
A breakdown of major in
dustry groups within metal
working showed these industries
had stepped up their spending
plans over the first quarter of
1859:
Fabricated metals, 19 per
cent; nonelectrical machinery,
3 per cent; electrical machinery,
Al per cent; transportation
equipment, II per cent; and
instruments. 6 per cent.
However, the primary metals
industry reduced it's plans by
81 per cent. Within this cate
CORY, there was a SO per cent
cutback foreSeen in the steel
industry.
AS for steel production, the
publication said July had been
written of by the steel industry
but "an uptrend of steel buying
by the auto industry for 1861
models is expected to lead an
uptrend in production in Au-
gust"
Evening star., 1960-06-22

Yale&Towl5o s 3olh SOFA 3o1s+ n
Yna Sh&T ls lo7 lo43A 1oeIa+lLl
ZenithR 6Os Al l17M l13s4 Il6 +2N
Hourly Sales on the Exchange
HOO am. 72o 900 Noon $50 ooC
100 pm. ] slo 600 200 pm. 800 ooC
Rates Of dividends are annual pay
ments based on the last quarterly o.
semi annual declaration. Unless other
wise noted. special or extra dividends
are not included.
Meaning Of symbols in New York ant
American Stock Exchanges.
unit OF trading 10 shares or sales IL
full. a-Also extra or extras. b-An
nual rate plus stock dividend. d-De
clared or paid in 1859 plus stock dividend
e-Declared or paid so far this year
IfPayable. in stock during 1853, esti
mated cash value on ex.dil idend or eX
distribution date. s-Paid last year
h-Declared or paid after stock dividend
or split up. k-Declared or paid thi:
year, an accumulative issue with divi
dends in arrears. p-Paid this year
dividend omitted, deferred or no actor
taken at last dividend meeting. r-De
clared or paid in 1860 plus stock divi
dend. Payable in stock during 1860
estimated cash value, on eX-dividenC
or ex-distribgtion date. YELigldatinII
x,diswES WIS., distribution. xr-Ex .5S,, rights
rants. Wd--When distributed. Wi-Wher
issued. nd-Next day delivery. CIR
bankruptcy or receivership or being re-
organized under the Bankruptcy Act, OF
securities assumed by such companies.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
TotuI Debts
Increase at
Slower Rate
By the Associated Press

The total debts of individual
Americans increased by ST bill
lion in the first three months
of 1960-the smallest quarterly
rise in two years.
The Securities and Exchange
Commission reported this as
it made its quarterly report on
individual financial savings.
The report showed that
Americans saved $4,3 billion
in financial form during the
first quarter, compared with
$4.6 billion a year earlier.
The billion dollar increase
in debts compared with an inc
crease of 81 billion in the first
three months OF 1869.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
N. Y. PRODUCE

NEW YORK, June - CAP) CUSDA).
Butter offerings adequate. Demand
cartons Cfresh). Creamery, 93 score
CAD 59-50A cents, 81 score (A) 5S34-
50. 90 score (R) 5794-5S
Cheese offerings ample. Demand
slightly improved. Prices unchanged.
Wholesale egg offerings ample to
liberal. Demand slow to fair today.
New York spot quotations follow:
Midwestern: Mixed colors: Extras as
30 lbs) 81 l7-33; extras medium 26la-
- "a standards large 291a-31: checks
26l7-SS Whites: Extras (4S-50 lbsl
81 l7-33i2. extras medium 27-2S.
Browns: Extras t4S-5O lbs) 34la-35ia
Evening star., 1960-06-22
Stocks Remain Mixed, !,
Autos Tilt Downward

NEW YORK, June % (AP)
"A mixed pattern ruled in the
stock market today as activity
slackened for the second
straight session.
Motors tilted lower while
most chemicals, with Du Pont
an outstand ding g exception,
scored moderate gains.
Scattered gains and losses,
mostly small, were recorded in
rails, oils. airlines and drugs.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
N. Y. COTTON

NEW YORK. June 90 CAP) Cot
in quiet dealings
Traders continued to even positions
in nearby July prior to flrst-notice
day on FRIDAY
lected with traders awaiting further
crop DEVELOPMENTS.
The weather in the cotton belt was
generally dry and warm.
changed to Is cents q bale higher
than the previous close July 30 So
october 81 06 and December 31-i3
Evening star., 1960-06-22
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO, June 90 (AP).-!The
grain futures market posted its third
general setback of the week today
as moderate liquidation ruled all pits
in the early afternoon.
July corn and soybeans and July
and December rye traded at their
lowest levels of the season at times.
Most losses were in small fractions
although corn, under heaviest pres
sure, was down about cent in
spots.
At noon wheat was 70 cent a
bushel higher to u lower, July 81 .S2ss
corn A-h lower, July S1.l6A; oats
to lower, July Si.1754; soybeans
h-z lower, July S2.09.
Chicago Cash Markets
No wheat or soybean sales. Corn
No 9 yellow l.19-l9h; No. yellow
1l7; No yellow 113ia oats No 3
extra heavy white 1914. Barley:
Mailing choice l,.15-1.25 nominal; feed
eel. O2 nominal.
Evening star., 1960-06-22

Recent tr- ding favorites came
in for some profit-t taking. Bowl
ing issues provided some mar
ket interest.
A few big blocks crossed the
tape, mostly at lower levels.
American Stock Exchange
prices were generally higher
with the market active.
Corporate bonds we're lower
Government bonds were firm.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE QUOTATIONS

Furnished BY the Associated Press
Stocks Sales A..
Dividends testO High Low 2:20 chg
Evening star., 1960-06-22
NEW YORK BOND MARKET
INCLUDES MOST ACTIVE ISSUES
Consum Pwr 27ss rs

Consum Pwr 27ss rs
Copperw Steel CIV 5s79
Daystrom cv 494s n
Della L & Wn 4-6 2042
Douglas Airc CIV 4s n
Erie r R CIV 4I2s 20l5
Firestone 3s 81
Florida E Coast IS "a
Garden Den 4l4s rs
Gen Electric 312s rs
Gen Mot Accep SIS 30
Gen Mot Accep 37ss 81
Gen Mot Accep IS SO
Gen Mot Accep 2s4s 81
Gen Tel Co cv 4l2s a.
Gen Tel Co cv 4s II
Gface d 20 CIV 3I2S T5
Ct W Finance CIV SIS "a
Huds & Mani ref SIS 81
Inter 7 & 7 CIV 4Jss 80
Macy cv SIS n
Merr Chap cv 4Las rs
Mo Pacific 4S4s 2O3O
Mo Pacific 4l4s 80
Mo Pacific 414s zoos
Nation Tea CIV 3l2s 80
N Engl T&T Aus 81
N Y Central SIS 20l3
N Y Central 4t7s 2013
Evening star., 1960-06-22
METAL PRICES
NEW YORK,

NEW YORK June - (AP).-spot
nonferrous metal prices today: Copper
33 cents a pound, Connecticut Valley.
Zinc 13 cents a pound, East st. Louis.
Tin Sl.01i2 a pound, New York. For
eign silver 919s cents per troy ounce,
New York. Pittsburgh scrap steel No.
heavy was quoted by Iron Age at
81 .O0-32 90.
Evening star., 1960-06-22
ODD-LOT TRADING

NEW YORK June 90 AP).-The
New York Stock Exchange reported to-
day these odd-lot transactions by prin-
of 411,174 shares: sales OF 437 ,02@
shares including l,092 shares sold
short.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-02-18

banded to include all commodi,
ties and to establish national
agreements on a commodity-by'
commodity basis.
As a second alternative, par
ticularly applicable to major com
modities in surplus, machinery
is set up for commodity commit
tees to formulate a national pro-
gram with the Secretary of Agri,
culture consistent with basic
guidelines set forth in the legis-
lation. Such programs would be
subject to a referendum of pro,
ducers and if costs exceeded $50
million per commodity would be
subject to a veto of the agricul'
ture committees in Congress.
The principal ingredient in the
program is the balancing of sup,
ply with demand, reducing to a
minimum the need for subsidies.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-02-18
TRl-couNTY cowBELLEs

The Tri-County CowBelles held
a no-host luncheon February al
Todd's Cafe in Browning with "a
members attending.
Table favors were furnished by
Alan Anderson of Farmers Trad,
ing Company. Mrs. Don Peterson
won the door prize, and Mrs. Dave
Higgins won the prize for the
most original Valentine.
Mrs. Hugo Aronson was made
honorary member making a total
of 81 local members.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-02-18

Enthusiasm is spreading
throughout the House of Repre-
sentatives for the Family Farm
Act of 1860, legislation which was
developed and drafted by a group
of midwest and western farm
congressman under my chairman
ship, who have been meeting in
my office since last September.
In its initial introduction, Is con-
gressmen joined me in sponsor
ing this legislation. Congressman
Bob Poage of Texas, Vice-Chair-
man of the House Committee on
Agriculture, and Congressman
Carl Albert of Oklahoma, Chair
man of the Wheat Subcommittee,
worked with US and agreed to be
the lead-Off men in the intrOduc-
ton of this measure Many other
responsible members now plan
TO co-sponsOr the bill.
Brand New Concept
Our new farm bill represents a
new concept in farm legislation
in which, for the first time, We
are making il possible for the
producers of all farm commOdi.
ties to develop self-help programs
which will stabilize incomes at a
reasonable level for the produc-
er and at the same time guaran-
tee TO the consumer a reasonable
price for the commodities he must
purchase. Programs such as those
for wool and sugar beets which
are now effectively functioning
would continue until such time
as they encountered difficulties,
and then they, too, could par
ticipate in the new program.
The Family Farm Act of 1860 is
enabling legislation providing
ground rules for individual COM
modities 10 work out their prob
lens on a national basis. Every
farmer and Main Street business
man will face a brighter future If
this measure is enacted into law.