davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Growth at C.. u.

The continuing expansion Of the
Catholic University of America will be
strikingly pointed up here tomorrow in
an unusual ceremony involving the four
Cardinals of the United States. For
these Princes of the Church-Speliman
Of New York, Mcintyre of Los Angeles,
Gushing OF Boston and Meyer Of Chicago
will set precedent of sorts by gather
ing together on the university,s campus
to bless the four new buildings that have
Sust been erected there.
All impressive, the buildings include
an auditorium addition to Caldwell Hall,
greatly enlarged library, mems dor.
n1itory and social center. The Car
dinals' blessing OF them will mark the
completion Of significant phase Of the
university's developmental program.
Further construction, however, is already
under way, and more is being planned to
support the unique role that this in
stitution plays as center of Catholic
learning and culture-a center that
must look, in its own words, to the well
fare not only of the enrolled students
but also Of all the faithful of the United
States. Accordingly, one Of its chief
ainfSis to be of help to schools, colleges
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Fill the Vacancies First

> The District Commissioners were ad-
herring 20 orderly procedure In laying
aside Chief Murray's proposal for an
increase in the Police Departments
authorized strength from 2,7l4 to 5000
men. Such an authorization would only,
create more vacancies at time when
police officials are having trouble in fill-
ing about ITS vacancies already existing.
Until the stepped-up recruiting program
produces sufficient qualified applicants
TO bring the force to full strength, it will
be difficult TO convince Congress that
more policemen should be authorized.
This does not mean that the Com
raisSioners disagree with Chief Murray
as TO the advisability OF larger police
force TO combat the increase in crime in
Washington. Experience has shown
that when more patrolmen are on the
streets, the yokings. hurglaries and other
crimes drop appseciably.
But the departments immediate
problem now Is TO and enough men tn
terested in police work to fill the Jobs
which have been open for a long time.
A special recruiting effort has been
launched in areas OF regional unemp!oy-
ment in the East, with limited success
The Commissioners are right in holding
that 1t would not be realistic to ask
Congress'to to raise the authorized police
strength until there is some assurance
that men can be found who are willing
and qualified to take the Jobs.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Progress Report

With reference to your ar
ticle on October II, which
quite truthtully pointed out
the fine progress of Colonial
Beach since the removal OF
the slot machines. ] would
like to add q few facts about
progress in our church.
Last summer, the first
without the slot machines,
It was necessary for us to
have two Sunday morning
worship services in order to
take care Of the overflow
crowd. This was the. first
time In the history Of the
church that such has become
necessary.
The offering each Sunday
has steadily grown since the
beginning Of 1859 (the first
year without the slots). The
Offering has grown to such
an extent that 1t is now
nearly twice the average Of
1858. The average offering
per Sunday for october, 1858,
was $369.86 compared with
an average offering per Sun.
day for october, 1864 OF
$665.49, and this is depend
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Against Hunting

Thank you very much FOR
publishing the Down on the
Farm" column of November 2.
entitled " 'Spoilsport' Adopts
Ban On AL Hunting" by Ed
Harris.
Mr.. Harris has great cour-
age to take the stand that he
has, for ] am sure 1t will not
endear him to many: how.
ever, there are those Of US
who feel as he does. and 1t is
good to know that someone
has the strength of his con-
victions, and the strength OF
character to do something
about 1t.
Much credit to Mr.. Harris!
I hope that he will "stick to
his guns" - in defense Of
those creatures unable to
WELD them.
q M. C. Bailey.
Evening star., 1960-11-15

and seminaries scattered throughout
the country, and to "keep In touch with
other universities and scientific insti-
tutes in all matters pertaining To the
increase Of knowledge and to the per-
fecting Of educational methods, but
particularly In Whatever pertains to the
maintenance Of social order by moral
influence" *A %
Ever since 1t began operating here
II years ago, Catholic University has
pursued this aim with fidelity and yiger.
It's constant growth bears witness to Its
good work In that respect, and 1t is work
that has rightly won worldwide recog-
milton and acclaim.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Ideas That Clicked

The 1860 Nobel Prizes for chemistry
and physics have been awarded to two
American scientists who nursed vague
ideas into revolutionary developments In
the atomic field. One idea grew into
what has become known as the "atomic
time clock" by which the age Of fossils
and other ancient objects may be
measured. The other evolved into the
so-called bubble chamber" for the
photographing Of speeding atomic
particles. Both developments marked
important advances in mans study OF
nuclear energy-advances meriting the
recognition given them by the Royal
Swedish Science Academy. which made
the awards.
BY coincidence, both Of this years
prize winners, Doctors Willard F. Libby
and Donald A. Chaser. are members OF
the faculty OF the University Of Cali
3ornia. Their researches were conducted
independently, however, and their dis
coveries bear no relation to each other.
DR.. Libby. one Of the developers Of the
atomic bomb and former member OF
the Atomic Energy Commission, devised
his "time clock" after pondering the
capacity OF radio.carbon to change into
ordinary carbon at a known rate.
Radioactive carbon "a has q "half.life"
OF $500 years. which means that It will
. lose halt OF its radioactivity in that
period BY measuring. the amount OF
radioactivity. in the carbon of fossilized
bone or an Egyptian mummy's hair,
therefore. he was able to determine the
bone or an Egyptian mummys hair.
The process has proved Of great value
In dating many ancient relics, including
the Dead Sea biblical scrolls found some
years ago in cave. (They were found
to be about 1917 years old.)
DR.. Glaser's "bubble chamber idea
was inspired by bubbles in glass Of
beer. The thought occurred to him
that the trail left In a liquid by a
high-speed atomic particle might be
marked by bubbles. He experimental
with several liquids and finally found
that superheated liquid hydrogen
worked perfectly. This new method
of photographing high-velocity particles
has opened new avenue Of atomic
research. And as man learns more
about the characteristics and behavior
Of the atom, the closer he will come
to methods of better harnessing 1t for
the betterment, rather than the des-
truction, Of mankind.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Obsolete Curtain?

Our country now has scored another
important success In space. It has done
so by placing Discoverer XVII In polar
orbit and by recovering the 300-pound
instrumented capsule with spectacular
aerial catch.
As carried out by the Air Force,
the achievement represents q further
advance toward the so-caIled spy-in-
the-sky reconnaissance system. Known
as Project SamoS, the system is to be
made up Of constantly orbiting satellites
whose main purpose will be to keep
every area Of the globe under around
the-clock surveillance. They viii do this
with incredibly powerful cameras and
magical television equipment capable Of
transmitting clear, sharp pictures Of
places now hidden behind an impene-
trable wall OF secrecy. .,-.4...
Fantastic though 1t may seem, this
sky-spy enterprise already has reached
stage Of development where some Of
our best experts feel confident that only
two or three more years will be needed
to perfect 1t and put 1t into tull-scale
operation. And they feel the same way
about Project Midas--a prospective syss
tenn Of satellites with equipment sensi.
tive enough to detect the launching OF
rockets anywhere and thus provide an
instantaneous warning against missile
attack. Apparently none OF our space
scientists seriously doubts that these
wonders are likely to become common.
place In the relatively near future.
Thus the latest OF our DISCOVERIES
may be regarded as another precursor
Of much more marvellous things to come.
These things promise 20 make our U-2
"spy plane" look patheticaliy obsolete,
and they promise also to hammer hard
at the Iron Curtain and discredit the
Kremlin's policy OF almost pathological
secretiveness. So Il Is not surprising
that the Russians, speaking through
one OF their numerous theological Jour-
mails, have Just assailed our Discoverer
project and warned that they have
weapons TO shoot down any American
satellites engaged In espionage. .
We may safely assume, Of course,
that the Kremlin Is working Just as
hard as we are to equip itself with re-
connaissance satellites. Its threats, In
any case. will not deter US from moving
forward in this field. For our actual and
potential Discoyerer-Samos-Mida We
hicles-which incidentally can be made
to alter their orbits by a command from
the ground and thus evade attack-will
be legitimate secHrity-serving intelli-
gence instruments as long as the Soviet
Union hides itself and its intentions
behind the Iron Curtain.
Actually, to sum up, the implications
OF the latest Discoverer feat plainly in
dicate that that curtain. no less than
the U-2, will itself become largely obso-
lete in due course. And 50 one may hope,
perhaps not too forlornly, that common
sense will yet impel the men Of the
Kremlin to accept a world Of open skies.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
VISTAS IN SCIENCE.
PuzzIinq Trend in Infant Deaths
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

The LONGTIME decline in
the death rate OF American
babies seems 70 be slowing
down toward q standstili.
This Is in the face Of con-
tinuing medical advances in
the conquest Of child diseases.
There seem 70 be several rea-
sons, but they do not explain
the overall picture with any
assurance.
The slowing down Is report
ed by Or. 1awe M. Moyigana.
chief Of the mortality analy.
sis section Of the United
States Public Health Service.
From l943 70 1949. he reports.
the infant death rate for all
races in this country was de-
clining at . rate OF 4.3 per
cent q year. Had this con.
tinued, baby deaths would
have been almost nil in half
q century.
Rate og Decline Slows
"But." says Or. Morigama.
beginning about 1850 the
rate OF decline slowed down
TO i.2 per cent . year. The in.
FAINT mortality rate Tor each
month OF 1858 except JanU.
ary and November was higher
than for the corresponding
month In 1857. Taking into
consideration the provisional
data for l958.59, Il would
appear that the national in
FAINT mortality rate has ale
most completely leyeled OF.
starting in 1885,"
One factor. the report says.
seems to be that babies ap-
parently are not responding
60 well as before to treat
mentS for respiratory dis
eases, such as pneumonia and
influenza. There also appears
70 be o decrease In the de-
cline for deaths due directly
or indirectly to defects at
birth.
Proha bly, no substantial
progress now being made Ia
reducing the rate Of decline
can be expected until there is
Q breakthrough In dealing
with congenitai malforma.
tions. and the diseases OF
early infancy such as birth
injuries. post-natal asphyxia
and premature delivery. Fac.
tors Of the infant death from
various respiratory diseases
in the early days Of life may
turn out to be significant.
1.-THE hard core of the prob.
lem," he says, has been rel-
atively untouched"
y X
There are two roads - q
high road and q low road
between the two eyes.
When the brain is split in
two one cannot see the same
things with both eyes. Each
eye sees just what is in front
Of it. There is no co-ordina-
ton Of the two scenes into a
common picture.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
ing on our own local people
and not summer visitors.

ing on our own local people
and not summer visitors.
Every organization Of our
church Is growing far beyond
the picture Of three years
ago, and the spirit OF our
people is the best that has
ever existed. There is also o
very noticeable absence OF
tension among our people
which certainly makes for Q
far better spirit Of comynu-
nifty living.
NoY all Of this may be due
to various reasons. but Ger.
tainly one Of the main ones
Is the absence Of the slots,
thereby causing q different
class Of people (the family
group) to visit Colonial Beach
during the summer season.
Another reason is that our
townspeople' are becoming
more interested In the higher
elements Of life. and have
learned that not only does q
community survive without
such elements as slot ma
chimes offer, but can have
even greater progress such as
Colonial Beach is experience
ing today.
(Rev.) Earl s. Cox,
Pastor. First Baptist
Church. Colonial Beach. Va.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Buryinq the Hutchet

ANY temptation to read TOO much
into the Florida meeting between victor
and vanquished in last Tuesdays clash
at the polling places should be firmly
resisted. For the chances are that
nothing said by Senator Kennedy or
MIR. Nixon is going to alter the course Of
the political stars or materially change
the climate Of American politics.
Still, we think that this meeting,
initiated by Senator Kennedy, was q
good thing. In the heat Of the recent
campaign, neither man really went over
board in terms Of extreme partisanShip.
And ii the Florida meeting means that
the partisan hatchets, such as they were,
have been buried, that is q promising
omen for the future.
Mr.. Nixon will carry the Republican
banner during the next four years. He
win continue to oppose where he thinks
opposition is called for. He is not going
10 enlist in the Kennedy administration.
And Senator Kennedy, Of course, knows
this. Certainly he expected nothing else
when he arranged for his visit with the
Vice President.
It Is also true, however, that the
next four years will be allied with dan.
ger for this Country-especially as we
ate called upon TO meet the challenges
which the Communist world car, and
doubtless will put before us. In this
area there Is no important difference
between the Vice President and the
President.elect. The same thing Is true
OF those Americans who split almost
down the middle In voting for them. It
follows. therefore, that anything which
tends TO bring together these two polit-
teal leaders ana their supporters, any
thing which helps us present a united
ftont TO the external threat. serves the
interests Of all Of us. And this, we think,
Is the real significance of the meeting
between Mr. Kennedy and Mr.. Nixon.
Evening star., 1960-11-15

This is the caSe-at least
with cats and monkeys
when the split is made
through the so-called corpus
callosum. the chief link be.
tween the two sides OF the
cerebral hemisphere, or stop
Of the brain." where all
higher mental activities are
Tnediated. Even with this
division. however. the bright
ness, but not the form, OF an
object seen with one eye is
conveyed 70 the opposite
side OF the brain. Thus .
second, more primitive visual
pathway is indicated.
Experiments demonstrate
ing this have just been re-
ported through the Ameri-
can Association FOR the Ad-
vancement Of Science by Drs.
Thomas II. Meikle and Jeri
A. Sechzer Of the University
Of Pennsylvania Institute
Of Neurology.
Experiments Explained
Cats with the corpus call
iosun split and one eye
covered with q blind were
trained 10 respond to various
visual signals indicating pres
ence Of food. according 70 the
familiar condition response
technique OF psychologists.
Then the situation was re-
versed--the blind changed to
the other eye.
It was as IL there had
been no learning at all. The
animals had TO be trained
all over again. One eye had
been unable to recognize
what the other eye had seen.
This held true in every
case so long as the bright-
ness OF the stimulus was kept
constant, and discrimination
depended on the pattern
alone.
When brightness was Sas
ried, however, the stimulus 20
the formerly blindfolded eye
was effective Immediately the
blind was removed. No 9urs
ther learning process was nec-
essary. Apparently the brights
ness stimuli had travelled
across the brain by some
other pathway than the
main road"
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Kennedy Moves for NotionoI Unity

The visit Of President
elect John =. Kennedy to his
defeated rival. Vice President
Richard N. Nixon, Is not only
awise move but also O cour-,
tesy the American people gen.
orally will approve. Beyond
that. II is evidently an effort
on the part Of the next Pres
ident TO unite the country.
rather than divide II In hate
at o time when national
unity is vital for defense and
for o continuing effort for
world peace.
The President<elect,
whether because he, has
adopted his own advice or
that of those close to him,
has shown Q eremarkable acu.
men In his campaign for the
Presidency and % far In the
post : election period. He
started with supposed handi-
caps Of religious faith and
youth. He oyercame them
both to win, Arst, the nomi.
nation he sought. and second.
the election. -.
In one particular instance.
Senator Kennedy did the
completely unexpected. He
tapped Senator Lyndon john
son Of Texas to be his run
ning-mate.i How wise this Sc
lection was has now been
demonsxated. He made the
choice 4Of Senator Johnson
despite the bitter opposition
Of leaders of organized labor
LEADERS who had fought
hard for q Kennedy aaomina-
ton for President. It has been
Cynically suggested that he
offered che vicespresidentiai
nomination 20 the Texan,
fully expecting him 70 refuse.
The wisdom Of the selection.
however, has been amply
justified. For Senator johnson
did . masterful job toward
holding the line for Senator
Kennedy in an area where
ant. ti.Kennedy strength was
manifest. Furthermore, Mr..
Kennedy will have In his Vice
President q strong and re-
sourceSuI ally when 10 comes
TO getting Kennedy legislative
proposals adopted.
Bipartisanship Needed
Whatever the differences
between Republicans and
Democrats Of the Kennedy
stripe over domestic issues,
there is no doubt Of the need
Of bipartisan effort where
foreign affairs are concerned.
Foreign policy has been rec
ogni2ed by both sides, by Re-
publicans and Democrats
alike. rs the major problem
which confronts the Nation.
The contest between the free
world and the Communist
world may be slightly in abey-
ance because Of the elections
In this country-recognized
as the great power Of the free
world-hut it still continues.
Mr.. Khrushchev. ct al, prob
ably are already making plans
for o series Of pressures
against the United States but
they wish to learn. II they
can. the attitude OF the new
Kennedy administration.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Kennedy's Mandate

1t was somewhat surpris-
ing to read in The Star that,
because Of Senator Kennedy's
narrow. margin Of, victory in
popular votes, he has no
mandate for his program.
One might equally say that
because Abraham Lincoln
got only 40 per cent of the
popular vote in the election
OF 1850 that he had no man.
date to save the Union.
Walter III. Maloney, JP.
Evening star., 1960-11-15

What defnite plans Mr.
Kennedy may have to use the
skills and abilities Of 1epub-
licans In the matter of ma.
tional defense are still TO be
disclosed. It has been urged
In some quarters that he
should make use Of the un-
doubted talents and the
knowledge Of foreign affairs
possessed by Mr.. Nixon. How
ever, since Mr.. Nixon is ex-
pected to assume the leader
ship Of the Republican Party.
he might be reluctant 10 &C.
cept 0 post in the new Demo-
cratic administration II IL
were offered him. But obvi.
ously this Is no time for
Americans TO hate other
Americans. Mr.. Kennedy
seems to be moving in o die
rection to bind up some Of
the wounds growing out Of
the last campaign.
Some Are Amazed
NctunnaturaIly, Democrats
who idolized the late Presis
dent Franklin D. Roosevelt
are somewhat amazed. Il not
aghast, at the attitude which
Mr.. Kennedy has assumed to.
ward his recent opponent for
the Presidency. Mr.. Roosevelt
would have nothing 70 do
with former President Her
bert Hoover, whom he had
defeated in 1882. ..And this de.
spite the fact that the eoun-
try was faced with q domes-
tic crisis Of tremendous dam
lger. One OF the results OF Mr..
Roosevelt's attitude was to
arouse terrific division among
the American people. and .
"hate Roosevelt" cult Of large
proportions. Some Of the
Democrats already are worrys
ing lest Mr.. Kennedy be
backing away from some OF
the promises Of the Demo-
cratic n ational platform,
which he supported during
the campaign. Mr.. Kennedy.
however. has given no indica-
ton he will pass up his drive
toward ''new frontiers"
\ There Is one precedent set
by the late President Roose-
welt, however. which Mr.. Ken
nedy may well follow. When
the war clouds had, gathered
abroad and there was need
for this country to prepare
itself for a war emergency.
Mr.. Roosevelt put two out-
standing Republicans in key
defense positions in his Cable
net. He appointed Henry L.
Stimson Secretary Of War
and Frank Knox Secretary Of
the Navy-and both men ac-
cepted. Mr.. Stimson had been
Secretary Of State and earlier
Secretary Of War in Repuh-
lican administrations. Mr..
Knox was Republican candi-
date for Vice President in
1895. And during the Second
World War, Mr.. Roosevelt {
made use OF many Republi--
cans. Mr.. Kennedy will have
an equally dangerous situa-
ton on his hands when he
enters the White House.
Evening star., 1960-11-15
Transit Analyst


loaded bus zoom by without
stopping? Or slam its door
IN your face Just as you were
about 20 get on? Have you
ever had to wait 80 or 40
minutes for o bus? Have you
ever wondered why?
Why not? Buses do not
require expensive 0xed 1acili.
ties. Their main costs are
operating costs, which depend
on bus-miles. not on pas.
senger.,miles. e is profitable.
therefore. 20 jam people as
tightly as possible. TO reduce
service, % drive customers
away by raising fares, as
long as the remaining buses
stay crowded. For total reve-
nues rise, while costs fall.
Streetcars and subways re-
quire expensive fixed facili-
ties. There is an incentive
TO make intensive use Of these
facilities. spreading the cost
over as many passengers as
possible. Streetcars must be
made attractive, because 1t is
profitable to lure more GUS
TONERS. With streetcars 1t ,is
not profitable to reduce SER
vice and drive customers
away: with buses tt is. yive
le pro1t .motivel But why
-buses9 ,s4.l4.ss-assassss~ ~
When fares are based on
rates Of return on invested
capital. D. c. Transit has
some incentive to maintain its
assets. When the base be.
comes total revenue. not as
sets. 1t becomes profitable to
dispose Of every asset not
nailed down: q. C. Transit
has an added incentive to
shift to buses and to drive
customers away by reducing
quality Of service ana raising
fares.
There is a solution: in fact.
two. First. II rates were based
not on total revenue. nor on
invested capital. but simply
on the number Of passengers
(transSer privileges un-
claangedJ we would see q
genuine attempt TO improve
service, keep fares and costs
down. and attract customers.
Second, competition. With
streetcar lines 1t is costly to
duplicate fixed facilities. With
buses. there Is no such objec-
tion. Competing companies
could operate buses on par
allel routes. or even on 1den-
tical routes with stops on
alternate blocks. With COM
petition, we would see the
new air-conditioned buses
finally where they belong
serving regular commuters.
Commuters have been shift
ing by the thousands from
public transit TO private auto
mobiles. aggravating trafic.
parking. and smog problems.
creating requirements for
additional street capacity.
strangling downtown. Shop.
pers have quit coming DOWN
town in droves, patronizing
surburba n stores instead.
Public transit policy must
share the blame for increasing
community transport costs.
Tor subsidizing suburb b a n
shopping centeys by penaliz.
ing the central business dis.
trict, and for the tax costs
we must incur to counteract
resulting downtown blight.
Buses are Srightfully expen-
sive.
Chas. r. Stewart. ir.