davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-16
Atom PurIey Set

VIENNA, Austria. Oct. Is
(AP).-Scientists from % West
ern and Communist nations
meet October "a for o "hot
atoms effects" symposium in
Prague, Czechoslovakia. The
session on chemical changes
that follow a nuclear reaction
is sponsored by the Atoms-for-
Peace International Atom C
Energy Agency.
Evening star., 1960-10-16
Kennedy Says Nixon
Backed Down on Isles
Vice President
Hits Opponents
'FooIishness'

SPRINGFIELD, H.. Oct. Is
(AP).-Vice President Nixon
said today that every day SEN
ator Kennedy persists in this
frightening foolishness" over
Quemoy and Matsu ''he in
creases the risk Of war"
The error Senator Kennedy
makes Is to advocate a change
in Americas policy of f1rmness
in spite Of the fact it is a policy
which has worked time and
again these past eight years,
Mr.. Nixon said in a statement
issued as he campaigned from
Phoenix, Ariz., through Tulsa
Okla, and to Springfield.
The effect of the Democratic
candidates statements on Que
moy and Matsu. Mr.. Nixon said,
has been to present to the
enemies Of freedom in the
world a picture Of an America
divided on this great ISSUE"
Urges Changed Position
Therefore" he added, 81
call upon him again to sur.
render his own position rather
than Americas position -tc
concede his error rather thar
concede bits of freedom II
tyranny
Senator Kennedy's position
has been that the two National
ist Chinese islands just off Rec
China'S mainland are indie
fensible and not worth riSkine
an atomic war over.
In repeating his call on Sen
ator Kennedy to change his
position, Mr.. Nixon said I'll
he does so, he will be joining
the great majority Of Ameri.
cans Of whatever political faitt
who support President Eisen'
hower's wise position on thi'
all-important matter"
Senator Kennedy has citeC
military authorities and higt
administration officials as say
ing at various times that thu
: islands are impossible to de-
fend. He says they shouldn'
! See NIXON, Page A.
Evening star., 1960-10-16
2 Americans in Cuba
Sentenced to Death
Appeals Fails.
Execution
To Be Swift

HAVANA, Oct. is (AP)-A
military tribunal tonight SEN
fenced two Americans to die at
Santiago, a superior tribunal
rejected their appeals for Glenn
ency, and they were ordered to
be shot early Sunday.
The two are Robert o. Fuller
of Miami, and Allan Thompson
of Queen City, Tex, members Of
a 27-man expedition from Mi
ami, that landed last week on
the northeast coast Of Cuba.
Thus Fidel Castro's military
courts handed out the same
swift sentences they meted out
this week to a third American
member of the expedition, An
thony Zarba of Somerville,
Mass.
Mr.. Zarba and seven Cuban
members of the eXedition were
shot Thursday.
The court found all three
Americans guilty of armed re-
volt against the state.
Appeal Lost Quickly
It took the superior tribunal,
the Court of Last Resort under
Cuba's revolutional law. only
Is minutes to hear the appeals
of Mr.. Fuller and Thompson
and reject them.
The trial itself lasted only
3 hours and IS minutes.
Even as the appeal was be-
ing turned down, Prime Min
lister Castro in a TV address
charged the invaders came
with a large load Of United
States arms and asserted that
was evidence of American help.
He declared the U. S. Gov
ernment no longer even finds it
necessary to deny these ale
cations" He predicted all
counterrecolutionaries soon
would be wiped out in Cuba.
| Mr.. Thompson who also gave
a Mooringsport, Ga.) address,
and Mr.. Fuller were picked up
Friday in the hills Of Eastern
Cuba, birthplace of Castro'S
own revolution, army sources
reported.
The court found them guilty
of armed revolt against the
state. A superior tribunal was
to hear appeals on behalf of
the condemned men tonight.
Quick Execution Likely
Rejection of the appeal would
mean death by firing squad.
probably at dawn tomorrow
This was the procedure when
: Mr.. Zarba and seven Cuban
! members of the band were shot
Thursday.
Two Cubans members of the
= expedition captured with Mr..
Fuller and Mr.. Thompson were
} given 30-year terms. They are
Juan Gonzalez and Angel Riv-
) ero Sanchez.
During the trial Mr.. Fuller
admitted having come with the
= expedition asserting that land
: his father had acquired and
/ owned "honorably" in eastern
( Cuba had been taken from him.
= His father, William o. Fuller,
now lives in Miami. He formerly
: operated a large farm near San
German in eastern Oriente
province.
Mr.. Thompson refused to
testify.
Harvey SUNNI, United States
a See CUBA, Page At
Evening star., 1960-10-16

met two boys-age 13 and IA
coming out Of the woods with
the shotguns they had carried
on a squirrel-hunting expedi-
ton.
Fires Shotgun at Tree
The boys sat down on a log
to talk and the discussion
turned to what kind of q pat
tern would be made by a 12-
gauge single-barrel shotgun II
it were fired at a tree 80 feet
away.
The 13-year-old who had one
of the shotguns fired at the
tree. He and Robert and
Roberts friend went to the tree
to examine the pattern. The
fourth boy. q 14-year-old with
See SHOOTING, Page Az
Evening star., 1960-10-16

Moylond. Poge 81
both parties were cautiously
predicting victory, but both
parties are running scared.
The Republicans appear
likely at this viewing to carry
most Of the counties of West
ern Maryland, which has been
a G. o. P. stronghold through
the years. Mr.. Nixon also is
given an edge on the Eastern
Shore, a Democratic area on
the local level but one with a
conservatively minded popula-
ton which hasn't hesitated to
cross party lines in the presi-
Dental and congressional
elections.
Baltimore City and Southern
Maryland counties appear
likely to give a majority to
Democratic Senator Kennedy.
Democrats Lead Registration
This leaves the suburban
counties, and that's where the
party workers are making their
biggest pitches as the campaign
moves into its final weeks.
Maryland has a 212-to-1
Democratic majority on the
voter lists, but the State has
voted Republican in the past
three presidential elections.
Democratic State Chairman
Thomas B. Finan said he can
not see how Kennedy can lose. "
He's predicting a Kennedy
margin of at least 10000 votes.
Republican State Chairman
ID. Eldred Rinehart also is
claiming victory but he
wouldn't predict by what mar
gin.
j President Eisenhower took
the State in 1856 by q vote Of
559,73S to 372,6l3 over Adlai
Stevenson.
This year we don't have
the Eisenhower image and it's
going to be different" said
Maryland Democratic National
Committeeman Michael j. Bir-
mingham.
i But the Democrats are SC
concerned that they hustled
together a last-minute bus
caravan of State officials to
stump the State for Kennedy
Party leaders said this has
never been done before in 9
presidential election where the
State officials are not up fol
election themselves. &.
Religion an ImpOnderable
One of the big imponderable:
I in the campaign is the religion:
issue. 1t is being talked about
in every section Of the State
, but no one can assess what
specific effect it will have or
, the election.
IF it weren't for the religion,
See MARYLAND, Page Az;
Evening star., 1960-10-16
Claims Foe Now
Is Around to
His Own Views
BY CECIL HOLLAND
star GtaR Writer

JOHNSTOWN. Pa, Oct. Is
Senator Kennedy said tonight
Vice President Nixon "haS re-
treated to the administrators
view" on defending Quemoy and
Matsu and that now there is no
reason for this to be an issue
in the campaign since he always
has supported that view.
The Democratic nominee, in
words of marked sharpness, de-
clared Mr.. Nixon backed down
after saying he would never
give up the islands because q
principle was involved since
they were ''in the area OF
freedom"
Senator Kennedy expressed
his views in a statement as HI
arrived here after a 15-milt
motorcade through seven towns
in Western Pennsylvania.
All along the way the Demo
cratic nominee was enthusiastic
cally cheered by thousands
Gov. David L. Lawrence o
Pennsylvania, who accompanies
him, said the crowds and en-
thusiasm exceeded anything h
had ever seen "even those at
tracted by Roosevelt and Tru
man." He called them militant
ly enthusiastic"
White House View
Senator Kennedy issued hi
comments on Quemoy ant
Matsu after being informed o
q statement by the Whit
House saying the Republican
nominees views and those o
the administration were tn
same and reasserting the ad
; ministration's determination II
defend the two islands agains
: any Red Chinese attack di
rected at Formosa.
Senator Kennedy. who mad
quick checks with Washington
said the White House statemen
settles the question"
Mr.. Nixon, he added, appar
: emily now agrees as the Presi
dent stated in a 1858 lette
to Senator Green, Democrat o
See KENNEDY, Page A
Evening star., 1960-10-16
300 Rebels Killed
In Algeria Clashes

ALGIERS, Algeria, Oct. is
(AP).-French sources said to-
day nearly 800 Algerian rebels
were killed in encounters Fri
day, including 1877 in one Of
the largest clashes in many
months.
Foreign Legionnaires caught
two large rebel units by sur
prise in the heart of the Aures
Mountains and after a battle
Of several hours counted 1877
rebels dead and 35 prisoners.
Evening star., 1960-10-16

telephoned the reference people
to reveal that he had deter
mined the bust to be that of
Bonifacio.
This produced a search to
find out who Bonifacio was.
See BUST, Page A-22
Evening star., 1960-10-16
MocmiIIon Proposes
1861 Summit on Berlin
Implies He and Khrushchev Are in Favor
Of PurIey After U. S. Elects President

SCARBOROUGH, England, Oct is (AP).-Prime Minister
Macmillan called today for summit conference in the spring
the puttering fuse from the German and Berlin
problem.
The British leader implied that he and Premier Khrshchev
already have agreed such topev negotiations
Evening star., 1960-10-16
Both Parties
RateMdry|and
About Even
Washington Area,
Baltimore Vote
Muy Decide Ruce
BY PAUL HOPE
Il star stan Writer

The presidential race in
Maryland is being rated gen.
orally a toSSup at this point
in the campaign, with the out
come likely to be decided by the
big suburban counties around
Washington and Baltimore.
During interviews across the
State last week, leaders OF
Evening star., 1960-10-16
NaYWiIIG Give
Carrier Fleet
Doubled Punch
Bombers Tokine
Place Of Fighters;
Offense Stressed
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Star stan Writer

Star stan Writer
The Navy Is doubling the at
tack power Of its aircraft car
riers by changing the ratio Of
offensive and fighter planes
they win carry, Navy sources
said yesterday.
The carrier fleets will be
beefed up in two ways:
Bombers are being subSti-
tuted for defensive aircraft. On
two carriers all defensive planes
have been replaced by bombers
and on all their carriers the
number Of bomber planes is
being increased.
And more powerful, more
versatile planes are being added
to the feet.
The result, according to the
Navy, is that by the end Of
1861 the Navy will have in
creased It's ability to hit the
enemy with ship-carried planes
by 100 per cent.
Extra Carriers Sent
The Navy this summer an
nounced it had sent an extra
carrier to 'the Sixth Fleet ir
the Mediterranean and an
extra one to the Seventh Fleet
in the Far Pacific. What was
not said, however, was that the
added carriers would have
nothing but offensive aircraft
and that their principle assign
ment would be to hit strategic
targets deep in the Communist
world in time of all-out war.
Before this change, all air.
craft carriers had primarily a
limited war function. While
stationed to carry out this as
signment, they frequently would
be too far out of range to hit
Communist targets effectively
during nuclear war. Now the
two all-bomber aircraft carrier
will stay close to big war tag
gets at all times.
These carriers, both Of them
the large Ferestal class. were
given the biggest bombers the
Navy has, and told to get along
without defensive planes. So
instead of about 48 bombers
each of these carriers viii have
IS to 80.
Ready for Targets
With normal maintenance
problems, roughly 30 per cent
Of these planes should be ready
to head for their targets at any
time. the Navy said. With ad-
vance warning, close to 100 per
cent should be ready.
The targets Of these planes
will be determined by the in
terservice targeting COMMITTEES
at Strategic Air Command
Headquarters, in Omaha, Nebr
On other carriers, the Nav!
is changing the ratio of attacl
to defensive planes from tn,
present so to 40 to IS to Is.
In addition, more planes witt
a dual capability will be addet
so that in emergencies all tn,
planes can fly offensive mis-
Sions. And faster planes will
larger bomb loads will b
brought into the fleets.
Carrier bombers are able Il
lift loads similar to those car
ried by World War II Ian,
bombers but for shorter ranges
Air Force B-52's can Of cours
outrange and out-carry Worl,
War II bombeEs-hy q consider
able margin.
BY changing the plane ratio.
the Navy will be able to boaS
q greater striking power 70
each dollars worth Of carrier
This will not only add to tn
Nations fighting strength, bu
will give the Navy a better ar
gument for funds to replac
carriers that are wearing out.
Evening star., 1960-10-16

Also Comic Section. Sunday, The
Stor Mosozine, This Week Mos-
ozine and new TV magazine.
Index Of Subjects
Evening star., 1960-10-16

Kennedy and Lodge 10 Appear In
Moylond. Pose B-i
Evening star., 1960-10-16
~,,r nIe1ru.n Full Report
IHG V6Al HGN' on Pess AZ

District and vicinity Considerable cloud
mess and warm today, high in the 70s.
Partly cloudy and mild tonight. low in the
SOS. Partly cloudy and continued warm to-
morrow. Light variable winds from the
northeast. Visibility good.
Evening star., 1960-12-04

key figures in Huey Longs old
regime.
Judge Wright served as an as
sistant United States attorney
until the outbreak of World War
II when he resigned to serve in
the Coast Guard.
Judge Wright entered private
law practice in New Orleans after
the war and argued the United
States Supreme Court appeal of
Willie Francis. Negro who
cheated the electric chair in 1916
because Of a mechanical failure.
But the high court ruled against
Francis.
In his second and only other
United States Supreme Court
case. Judge Wright won it and
made legal history.
He argued successfully that
narcotics agents had no right to
enter the premises of an individual
without a warrant, despite the
fact that they smelled opium.
Today. 1t is one of the leading
search and seizure cases in the
Nations law books.
In 1948 he was named United
States attorney. Two years later,
then only 38. he was appointed
Federal judge.
Lawyers who appear before
Judge Wright admire and respect
him. Trials in his court move at
a good clip and he has one Of the
finest records in the Federal Court
system for the way he keeps his
dockets clear.
Evening star., 1960-12-04
KENNEDYs PRESS SECRETARY
Sa|inger Must Play Job byEar

San Francisco. majoring in history.
He worked his way through, thanks
to a night job as copy boy at the
San Francisco Chronicle. After
his graduation he became a re-
porter on the paper, specializing
In investigative stories.
His work won him several
awards. He wrote inside reports
on the city bail bond racket and
a series on conditions in California
county jailS. He obtained some
Of the information by serving time
under the alias of Emil Flick, with
the bookings arranged so police
officers and sheriffs did not know
his true identity.
BY 1850, when he was only Is,
Mr.. Salinger became night city
editor of the Chronicle. Inevita-
bly,, he found politics attracting
him. In 1862 he served as Cali
fornia press chief for Adlai E.
Stevenson, and two years later he
took leave to manage the unsuc-
cessful campaign of Richard P.
Graves for Governor.
Was Mosozine Writer
BY 1855, Mr.. Salinger had taken
a plunge into magazine work as
regional editor of Golfers Maga-
zine. He was preparing an expose
Of the operations of West Coast
Teamsters when, in December,
1856, the publication was dropped.
Fortunately. Mr.. Salinger had met
Robert F. Kennedy, the president
elects brother, while working on
the Teamster story. Bobby Ken
nedy was counsel to what became
the Senate Labor Rackets Commit
tee, and he hired Salinger as an
investigator.
Committee work brought Sal
niger into contact with Senator
John F. Kennedy, a member of the
panel.
In the spring OF 1853 the DEM
ocratic Advisory Council, the party
policy -pronouncing group, offered
Mr.. Salinger the job of press Sec
retary. He decided to check with
Bobby Kennedy and soon after
wards he received a call from SEN
ator Kennedy, asking him to hold
of because the Senator thought
he could use him in the campaign.
With the announcement of the
Senator's candidacy, Pierre was in
business, and he never spared the
horses. A flendishly hard worker,
he has managed to shed very
few pounds-not enough to sat-
isfy his wife-and, in his driving
fashion, to keep the newsmen
happy.
Mr.. Salinger promises "lively
operation" at the White House.
He studied the White House press
secretariat as an academic matter
long before 1t became likely he
would get embroiled in presiden-
Evening star., 1960-12-04

Southerner and native son many
claim he has deserted his heritage
and is nothing more than q trail
tor. Be that as it may, Judge
Wright has stood firm and there
is no hint that he will compromise
his position.
1t is perhaps ironic that Judge
Wright himself does not, accord
ing to those who know him, be-
lieve in desegregation but is
merely living up to his oath Of
office and performing his duty
honestly and fearlessly.
Further Judicial Coreer
At 40. Judge Wright must have
ambitions to climb higher on the
judicial ladder. This is not to say
this has colored his thinking one
whit. At the same time. how
ever, Federal Judge who fails to
implement to the fullest the rul-
ings Of the Supreme Court in mat
ters Of desegregation can hardly
look forward to presidential pro-
motions to a higher court.
In the past five years Judge
Wright has been responsible for
desegregating the professional
schools Of Louisiana State Uni
versity in New orleans, pub
lie buses. city parks and has
upheld inter-racial sports events
and restored the names Of hun
dreds Of Negroes to voting lists.
Judge Wright graduated from
Loyola University Law School In
New Orleans in 1888 and taught
for two years at a New Orleans
public high school. He is remem-
bered there as q most popular
teacher"
Then he began his legal career
as an assistant United States at
torney-also in New Orleans.
In 1910. at the age of 20.
Wright helped prosecute the IA
nous Louisiana scandal cases
which brought prison sentences
for Gov. Richard Leche and other
Evening star., 1960-12-04
Judge Wright Himself

The Catholic most involved In
the present dispute is, of course,
Judge Wright. 1t is probably not
a misStatement to note that the
role he has taken for himself has
been by far the toughest and the
most thankless of that shouldered
by any jurist in the trying years
since the United States Supreme
Court delivered its historic de-
cision May II. 1854, outlawing
school segregation.
Judge Wright has been scorned,
he has been villified, he has been
insulted and he has even been
threatened with impeachment.
But he has been undaunted in his
determination to uphold the law
Of the land.
Some Of his former friends no
longer invite Judge Wright to
their homes. They avoid him
when they meet in New Orleans
tra-exclusive Boston Club.
Threats have been made against
the Judge. his wife and their l3-
year-old son. Crosses have been
burned in front Of his house.
Because Judge Wright is O
Evening star., 1960-12-04

after the start of World War I, to
look over government plantations
in Indo- China and started news
paper in Saigon. Salinger's
mother eventually became editor
of that paper. She also was art
editor of the Canadian Press and
art and music editor Of the San
Francisco Examiner.
The new White House press Sec
retary. whose ancestry is French
Catholic and American Jewish, was
born Pierre Emil Salinger, in San
Francisco June IA, 1925, and spent
his early boyhood in Toronto. He
spent two years at San Francisco
State College, where he edited the
college newspaper, and then en-
listed in the Navy.
Young Sub Commander
He became commander Of q
submarine chaser of Okinawa
before he was 18 years old, max
ing him possibly the youngest
officer ever to command a ship
in the Navy. One of his exploits,
the rescue Of IA members Of
patrol boat crew stranded on a
sand pit in Buckner Bay, Oki-
nawa, in the middle Of a 1945
typhoon. earned him the Navy
Marine Corps Medal. This is the
one Senator Kennedy received for
his famed PIT boat exploits in the
Pacific.
When 1946 came along he re-
Sumed college at the University of
Evening star., 1960-12-04

tor Kerr, Democrat of Oklahoma:
Mrs. E. Lee Ozbirn. president Of
the General Federation of Wolrl-
ems Clubs, and dozens of repre-
sentatives from labor, industry and
conservation organizations. Four
panel groups will discuss various
aspects of the pollution problem
and recommend courses OF public
and private action.
Other Doneers 8.
Besides the health hazard from
the steadily increasing pollution OF
the Nations water supply, discuss
sions at the conference will point
up these other dangers: .
Demand for clean water win
outrun the supply unless eXtraor-
dinary measures are taken to
purify water after each use as 1t
flows toward the ocean. This
means stepped-up construction of
sewage-treatment plants. BY 1880.
the Public Health Service predicts
the Nation will be short 81 billion
gallons of clean water every day.
Fish and wildlife are being
poisoned by water at an alarming
rate. The Public Health Service
said pollution is killing more fish
each year than the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service stocks.
Fish and wildlife play the role of
the miners canary" according to
PHS. IF the waters of the United
States become so polluted that
these animals cannot survive, 1t
is warning to man himself"
Pollution is reducing the amount
of water safe for recreation at
the very moment demand is in
creasing. The PHS cited New York
City as an example--only 35 miles
of its 575 miles of waterfront are
still fit for swimming. -
Prof. Gordon M. Fair of Harvard
University, one of the featured
speakers at the conference, sees
the dilemma presented to man
by pollution this way: Should
we choose existence without prog
ress or progress with risk?"