davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-03-08
Riohts and Wronqs of Civil Riqhts
Stasia de Bibanco.

on the part of the members
Of Congress of their author
ity under the Constitution.
I am a New England Re-
publican and an admirer of
President Eisenhower. But
am unalterably opposed to
any such provision. And so
are many other Republicans.
e. Mclean Johnson.
k&
Ralph McGill is a Federal
ist of the first water. I won-
der. however, how he dis
poses Of past American his
tory in its birth pangs, in its
drives, in its inclinations. He
seems to think that the peo-
pie Of the several sovereign
States are so many toy SOL
diers awaiting a bugle blast
from the eagles nest of Fed
eral authority before they
can think or act or feel for
themselves. Law there must
be, but law is something that
free Americans make and
sometimes amend; it is not
divinely handed down as the
final chart and'compass. Men
speak out against prevailing
law when it pinches, and if
1t pinches and irritates a ma
jority of the people sorely, it
can and has been modified
or changed.
The South has dealt not
flaWlessly but reasonably with
the terrific problem of hav-
ing thousands Of retarded
Negroes on its social door,
step. The problem before
the Senate is that the Solu-
tions have not been good
enough, and social specialists
living outside the area and
thus immune from the prob
lem, insist that civil rights be
given a shot in the arm to
speed it up. The basic idea
is to get more Negroes voting
and thus, by the ballot, to
give them greater punch in
local affairs.
The South wants to make
its own decisions in race
problems on its own door,
step, but this is now prohib-
tied. The South plainly
doesn't like this steamroller
tactic that crushes the very
spirit that must have surged
in the minds and hearts of
the first Americans.
VIM. E. Cox.
Evening star., 1960-03-08
Turoet for Today

Although he is an old hand at the
political game, Lyndon Johnson is not
insensitive to the slings and arrows Of
outrageous criticism. He bleeds as freely
as the next man.
This Is especially so when, as is
now the case, the Majority Leader comes
under the massed fire of his friends"
in the South. The Southern critics, and
in particular the editorial critics, are
having field day. In their eyes, Lyndon
johnson has become a traitor" the
"Texas Yankee" political slickster."
and Southern Benedict Arnold" In
vidious epithetS such as these do not
fall pleasingly on the ears Of any man,
and this is doubly true in the case Of one
who believes he is doing what is right
and necessary. Unfortunately for Sem
ator Johnson, however, he probably has
not heard the last Of this. AS the civil
rights maneuvering moves on to show
down, he can expect more sniping from
the Southern sharpshooters. And II the
end result should be compromise or
moderate measure, put through with his
support, the Majority Leader certainly
will come away nursing wounds from
potshotS taken at him by those liberals
who shudder at the very mention Of
compromise.
Still, all of this falls well within
the limits Of the expected. AS Majority
Leader, Lyndon johnson must assume
the responsibility for steering middle
course and he must also accept the con-
sequences In dealing with an emotion
ally charged issue such as civil rights, it
is not possible to please everyone. Sen
ator Johnson'S job is to seek middle
ground, an area in which, political reali-
ties being what they are, the Senate can
be induced to move forward. In the proc
ess, he may lose friends and supporters,
at least temporarily, but that Is price
which has to be paid.
There is left, Of course, the question
of what effect all this will have on the
Majority Leaders presidential ambitions,
II, indeed, he is a candidate or even a
hopeful The New York Times reports
that spot check" survey Of Southern
sentiment gives no indication that the
johnson prospects have been seriously
affected. And this may be correct, for
when the chips are down the sensible
leaders in the South, II they break away
from Lyndon Johnson, will have to face
the question Of to whom they will turn.
In this respect, their prospects, to say
the least, are not promising.
From the Johnsonian point Of view,
however, all Of this is more or less irrele-
want. Clearly, If it is at all possible, he
must push through reasonable civil
rights bill, letting the chips-and the
erstwhile friends-fall where they will.
Evening star., 1960-03-08
Tip to Rambler

The Rambler's resume of
Washington history was very
interesting in the March 2
issue Of The Star. However,
I should like to remind
George Kennedy Of some
thing that he must know:
An excellent and continuous
account of our local history
is carried in the volumes of
the Columbia Historical So
ciety. The Chronicler's story
in these books is not only
entertaining reading, but an
accurate, current event saga
Of the Districts history taken
from the news as it is pub
lished from day to day in
the press.
Dorothy WinchcOle.
Evening star., 1960-03-08
Bethesda, Md.

Bethesda, Md.
Dear Sir:
II write this at the low
point of the morning, when
it is still gray outside, with
just the houses and trees and
shrubs beginning to show
from the night.
This is a time I have al
ways liked, and I thought I
would share it with you and
your readers. We hear so
much about the daytime &C
tivities, and the night life,
so-called.
Maybe it is a good thing
to think, now and then, about
the beginning Of the day, and
the end. I like dawn at any
time Of year, but the dusk
mostly in the summer.
II was interested not so
long ago in reading that
Thomas Jefferson, that great
man Of old, found winter
hard to bear in his old age.
do we not all?
Despite our thermostats.
and our thermal underwear,
we, too, find winter hard to
take. Maybe the Russians are
right, who do not pamper
themselves with heat.
Americans like heat, and
plenty Of it. They step from
overheated homes into warm
cars, and get out in front of
the office. take a heated ele-
vator, and step down a super
heated hall into a hot Office.
IF any one dares to raise a
window an inch, even a
hundred feet away, somebody
is sure to dart up and over,
ramming the window down.
mo wonder the managers
Of modern buildings have in
sisted on windowless build
ings from now on.
II like the early morning
hours, when all is quiet The
roaring planes are all in their
beds. as yet, and the cars
carefully stabbed in their
garages. The children are
still abed, and nothing stirs
outside except a few birds in
the cold.
Then one may think, with
ease. Thinking is not al
ways easy, even to the think
er, and I think some thought
ought to be given to the con-
ditions of thinking. When l
think back over all the BRAIN
work done under bad condi-
tions, of noise and confusion,
I marvel at how good most Of
1t Is.
Evening star., 1960-03-08

The basic issue in the civil
rights controversy has not
received the attention that 1t
deserves. 1t is, simply: Shall
the members Of a large sec
ton Of this Nation be given
the right Of self-determina-
ton in governing themselves
and coping with problems
which are peculiar to them,
or, shall 1t be considered ma
tional policy for outsiders.
who know little If anything
Of these problems, to take 1t
upon themselves to be the
Judge Of what is best or right
for others?
The determination Of right
Is mainly a matter Of con-
science and Is conditioned
largely by circumstances. Cir
cumstances vary and what is
considered right in one situa-
ton is not necessarily so in
another. The passage of a
civil rights bill would have
very little effect on the lives
Of most people in the North,
whereas in the South it
might mean that parents
would be sending their chill
dren to schools with a ratio
Of 10 Negroes to / white
child. A recent poll Of parents
in the North showed that the
objection to mixed classes
went up as this ratio went up.
Is it then right" to force
a situation on others that
would not be acceptable to
ourselves?
A possible consequence of a
civil rights bill that removed
all restrictions on voting
could be the election Of Ne
groes to the ONCE Of COVER
nor, the State legislature,
sheriff, tax assessors, and
other offices in States Of the
South. In fact, the functions
Of a State such as Mississippi
could be controlled entirely
by Negroes. Since most Of
the property in the State Is
owned by whites, acquired
through their own industry
and effort, would 1t be right"
to have the functions Of gov
ernment dominated by a bloc
which could, by legislation,
control the normal course of
events? One Of the leaders
Of the civil rights advocates
Evening star., 1960-03-08

has said that he would not
object to anyone holding
public office who was quail
fed for that office. OF course,
he is fully aware that there
Is no possibility that the ex-
ecutive and legislative func-
tions Of his State will be
taken over by a minority
group.
Civil rights advocates have
pointed out the denial Of
voting rights and certain
other injustices in some sec
tions Of the South. Can they
honestly say that there are
no injustices or inequities in
their own communities which
require remedial measures?
Is there any section Of the
country that has achieved a
perfect society where no in
justices exist?
The Negro has been a bur-
den and responsibility of the
South throughout most Of
her existence. She has used
her limited resources in an
effort to sustain both races
in a livable society. In this
respect, she has received no
substantial material support
from her wealthy neighbor to
the North, but, instead, has
received a constant flow Of
censure. vituperation. and
interference in her efforts to
overcome her problems.
The only decent and honor
able course for the advocates
Of civil rights to take Is to
retire to their own communi-
ties and work on the prob
lens that exist there.
Justus.
4 II
The civil rights bill spon-
spored by Senator Dirksen,
although termed the Ad-
ministration measure, would
seem to go far beyond the
request Of President Eisen-
hover for protection of the
voting rights of Negroes.
There should be no serious
objection to such protection.
But to demand that there be
written into the Federal
statutes a statement that the
opinions OF nine men are the
law OF the land is an entirely
different matter. That would
be equivalent to legislating
a lie. And 1t would represent
the most supine abdication
Evening star., 1960-03-08
THE POLITICAL MILL
Dictator Castro Looks for Trouble
BY GOULD LINCOLN

publics. The body Of the re-
solution provides that "(a)
II one or more Of the high
contracting parties to the
1nter-American Treaty Of
Reciprocal Assistance should
be threatened in any manner
with domination, control or
colonization through the in
tervention Of the world Com.
munist movement, any other
such party would be justified
in the exercise of individual
or collective defense under
Article 81 Of the Charter Of
the United Nations, in TAX
ing appropriate steps to fore
stall such Intervention and
any domination, control or
colonization of any nation Of
the Western Hemisphere by
the World Communist Move
ment." This, in effect, is a
declaration that the United
States can and will move in
such an event. The resolution
further states that after an
attempt to communize an
American Republic has been
thwarted, the Inter-Amer-
ican Organ of Consultation
shall take over and set up a
provisional administration
until the nation in question
is able to establish its own
government.
U. S. Action Expected
The Bush resolution has
been referred to the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee.
No hearings on it have yet
been scheduled. They may be
further delayed while Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Secre-
tary of State Herter wrestled
with the Cuban problem now
accentuated by Castro's an
tagoniStic attitude. But SOON
er or later some such pro-
nouncement by Congress,
effectively declaring that this
country is not going to sit
still under Communist threat
in this hemisphere, may be
expected.
Castro, in his dealings with
Mikoyan, Russian Deputy
Premier, has agreed to sell
Russia sugar at the market
price, and to receive Russian
goods and Russian credits.
Mikoyan promised to furnish
arms and munitions and
laid" should Cuba be attack
ed. How good the Castro
Mikoyan sugar deal is for
the Cuban people is a real
question. The United States
pays Cuba well above the
market price, on a sugar
quota which supplies about
one-third of the sugar con-
sumed in this country an
nually. There have been
threats in Congress that this
arrangement, so favorable to
Cuba, may be draStically
changed if Castro persists in
his attacks on the United
States and Americans and
their interests in Cuba.
President Eisenhower's
recent goodwill tour in Latin
America should have made
Clear this couptry's desire to
be Of assistance economlcaIly
and defensively to ali the
American republics. The peo-
Piles of the countries the
President visited welcomed
him cordially-except for q
conspicuously few students,
apparently Communist infil-
trated. If Castro and his Rus
sian friends hoped for a
colder show to Eisenhower in
South America, they must
have been gravely disap-
pointed.
Evening star., 1960-03-08

Fidel Castro, Cuba's latest
dictator, seems determined to
make an enemy of the United
States and a friend Of Com
munist Russia. To the great
majority of the American Re-
publics this should be appar-
ent-and a warning. The love
Of freedom among the peo-
Piles of the Americas has de-
veloped over the years-hard-
won freedom, which those
who have won it will fight to
retain.
Nothing could be more
pleasing to, or is more desired
by, the Russians, head and
forefront of the world Com
munist movement, than a
formidable foothold in the
Western Hemisphere. Castro
has again and again played
Russia's game in his attacks
upon the United States and
its citizens, taking the Rus
sian line in charging this
country with imperialistic
designs. Yet no one should
know better than a Cuban
the United States has no such
designs. 1t fought a war with
Spain in 1898 to free Cuba.
1t has done much for the
Cuban people during the 62
years since then. Few here or
anywhere mourn the ousting
of Batista, a cruel and dicta-
torial president, by Castro
and his followers. 5ut Cas-
tro's blood bath after he took
over the government of Cuba
was not a good beginning.
And Castro, who prociaims
himself a friend of the peo-
pie, has done nothing about
holding a free election-and
apparently will do nothing
until he is confident that by
holding a gun to their heads
he can control the votes of
the electorate absolutely. The
Cuban dictator's latest
charges against the Govern
ment of the United States
that it participated in the
blowing up of the La Coubre,
carrying munitions from Bel
gium. in Havana Harbor-is
ridiculous and even more
slanderous.
President Eisenhower has
taken a stand against reta-
liation by the United States
against Castro's actions and
charges-a stand for nonin-
tervention. How long such a
stand will be either justified
or continued remains to be
seen. Members of Congress
have been strongly aroused.
Some of them have been de-
manding that something be
done.
Reaffirms Monroe Doctrine
The President, in his Rio de
Janeiro address, took occa-
sion to reaffirm the Monroe
Doctrine. promising aid to
any American republic whose
people found themselves
about to lose their freedom
through the actions of any
foreign power. He obviously
had in mind the Communist
drive. Senator Prescott Bush,
Connecticut Republican, a
month before the President
spoke in Rio, introduced a
concurrent resolution IRE
quiring action by both House
and Senate) designed par
ticularly to deal with the
Communist menace in the
Americas. The preamble Of
the Bush resolution calls at
tention to the Communist at
tempts to gain control in one
or more of the American re-
Evening star., 1960-03-08
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry UriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to con-
denSdtion.
Evening star., 1960-03-08
Who Loves q Garden

John r. Riggles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-20
Continued from poge Is

structiOn. There are few new houses,
since most were built before 1880.
The Methodist Church is a delight
full example Of brick English Methodist
Church design. Although the present
building was erected in 1921, a log meet
ing house had stood on the site since
about 1902. The church was founded by
James L. Higgins, who had been or
dained by Francis Asbury, the first
Methodist bishop in this country.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04
Mems Ten Pins
Bowling Result
MONDAY NIGHT LEAGUE

MONDAY NIGHT LEAGUE
RESULTS ~ Crewe Laundry |,
Prince Edward Mills 2; Billy Nc
Kay's 2. Cox Amusement |.
SUMMARY = Individual high
score. H. Rhea, Of Billy McKay's,
with 227 pins. Individual high
three game set, R. Roberts, of
Crewe Laundry, with Sill pins for
an average Of 40. High team set,
Prince Edward Mills with 2,291,
for an average Of 152 pins.
STANDINGS - Crewe Laundry
III; Prince Edward Mills 1873;
Billy McKay's 1914; and Cox
Amusement 6-18.
TUESDAY NIGHT LEAGUE
RESULTS - Martin the Jewel
er ?. The Hub /; Leggett's 2.
jenkins Atlantic l.
SUMMARY - Individual high
game, J. Dunkum. of jenkins At
lantic. with 2O6 pins. Individual
high three game set. B. Watson,
of Martin the Jeweler. with $50
pins for an average Of 1888. High
team set, Leggett's with 1,414
pins for a team average Of 100.
STANDINGS-Martin the Jew
eler 1T: Leggett's 1912: jenkins
Atlantic 1914; and The Hub 9-l5.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04

Carter Catches Two I'D Passes TO
Give Academy 40 Win Over Rams

A couple of "circus" catches
BY co-captain Baxter Carter pro-
vided the touchdowns necessary
for Prince Edward Academy to
bring home their sixth victory of
the season Friday night.
Carriers first catch came in the
second quarter as neither team
could get sustained drive under
way. The first quarter was de-
fensive quarter as the stout lines
on each team held consistently
tor downs and a modified punting
duel developed.
In spite of the wet field, the
Wolverines b ga n sharpening
their passing attack in the second
quarter. Bobby Gilmer hit Bax-
ter Carter for a q yard pass
play and Carter turned around
ard hit Gilmer on a pass play
that vas good for IL more yards.
However. that play was nullified
by holding penalty. which set
the stage for Carter's spectacular
score.
With first down and long yard
age. Gilmer was thrown for six
ward loss. Gilmer tried pass to
Lamar Williams that went incom-
olete. Skeeter Fore then took his
turn On the tossing end and threw
a nice strike to Baxter Carter
who gathered the ball in like
professional and scampered down
field for the touchdown, on a
play that covered so yards.
Larry Green made good on the
extra point kick to put the
Academy out front 70 as the half
ended.
The Academy began to move
again in the fourth quarter.
Earlier attempts to get a sus-
tanned drive underway met with
fumbles and the strong Black
stone line.
After holding Blackstone for
downs Bobby Schmidt returned a
Ram punt to the Academy Is
ward line. Gilmer moved the ball
across the midfield stripe to the
Blackstone 40. Schmidt then con-
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04
Statesmen Bow
To Park View

Ed Harding, R-H halfback,
opened the Park View Ran
dolph-Henry football game, Fri
day night. October %, with a
booming kick.
IN IL plays the Dragons had
crossed the line for a touchdown
The attempted extra point was
no good.
The second quarter R-H mere
trated deep into the Park View
territory but the Dragon line held
tight on the . yard line. Park
View quickly scored again but
missed the extra point. Thus at
halftime the score was Park View
II. Randolph-Henry 0.
The third quarter was a tough
struggle with neither team scor-
ing.
Park View climaxed their scor-
ing with two touchdoWns in the
flral quarter. Randolph Henry
still had failed to cross the op-
ponents' goal.
Jones was outstanding on Of
Tense and James Anderson, jim
my Brane, and R. D. Cage were
outstanding on defense for Park
View.
Ed Harding was top yard gain
er with total of rs yards on 10
carries with an average of SO
yards per carry for Randolph
Henry.
Carter and Herbert Hamlet
were outstanding on defense for
the Statesmen.
Park View gained a total 234
yards rushing, compared to Ran
dolph-Henry's 1913 yards.
Randolph Henry will meet
Prince Edward Academy Friday
night on their home field.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04
Tigers Ahead At Half, But W&L
Receivers, Scoring Twice To Win

scored. The W&L team picked
up it's first down of the game
and marched on So yards to the
H-SC six only to be repealed by
a determined Tiger defense.
Very early in the third period
the Tigers saw five stars the
Generals move "a yards to pick
up I'd that closed the gap.
From their own Is, Quarterback
Steve Suttle initiated the drive
with a 22yard pass to Martin
Gunmey. credited with 40 yards
Of the lengthy effort, scored on
an 1l-yard sweep around right
end. Gummey's try for the extra
point with the same trick was
foiled The score stood at 7-6 in
favor of the Tigers.
The hungry-for-an-upset Tigers
roared back after the W&L score.
They took the kickoff on their
own 26. Travelled to the Generals
"a. A fourth-down pass was brok-
en- up with five minutes to 60 in
the period.
With less than ten minutes to
go in the final period W&L start
ed its game winning drive after
Everette had punted into the end
zone. A Suite to Martin pass for
26 yards to the W&L as started
the ball in the scoring direction.
Martin picked up 20 on the
ground in four carries. and his
29-yard pass to Hobbs put the
game on ice. Gummey ran to the
left for the two points.
The Tigers never came back
with a scoring threat. but the de-
ferse had to buckle down to seri-
Gus business to hold the Generals.
W&L star linbacker. Terry
Fohs, intercepted a pass by Shell
ton on his own Is. and cut loose
to the Tiger eight. Hampden-Syd-
ney's defense frightened up, and
the Generals had to give up on
downs after Gummey failed to
gain the six inches needed for
paydirt.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04

Cumberland on Nelson Is yard
line. A personal foul and an off
side penalty put the ball down or
about the three.
Then fullback Harry Rowan
was on his way to the one. Quar-
terback Martin got to the one
foot line on a sneak and then on
the third down dived over. John
nv Murphy was successful for
the conversion on an end run.
Cumberland's offense totaled
1870 yards and Nelson County's 50.
This was the third straight
home victory for Cumberland
making their overall standing 4
wins. 2 losses.
This week the Dukes will try
to keep their winning streak 60
ing when they meet Goochland at
Cumberland for Homecoming.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-11-04
Cumberland Wins Third Home
Game With 20 Victory Over Nelson

The Cumberland Dukes defeat
ed a strong Nelson High on the
Cumberland field Friday night by
a score of 7 to 0.
The game was largely a defen-
sive struggle on the part of both
teams, but Cumberland controlled
the ball most of the game, max
ing three threats deep into Nelson
territory. Nelson County managed
to get the ball across midfield
only once. to have to kick from
the 40 yard line.
Cumberland's scoring came in
the third period as they capita
lied on bad snap from center.
Nelson County was attempting to
kick. but the snap from center
went sailing over the kicker's
head. He was tackled for a long
loss, making it first and ten for