davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Operation Bockoche'

One thing may fairly be said about
the opening inStallment of Vice Presi-
dent Nixon'S farm program. It deals
with first things first, namely, the need
of getting the mountain of Surpluses
"off the farmers back and off the Ma
tion's back as we'll"
Whether the Republican preSiden-
tial nominees proposals would accom-
plish this widely acknowledged need is
another matter His formula, as pre-
Sented only in broad terms before an
Iowa farm audience, appears to contain
something old and something new but
nothing of dramatically Sure-fire ma
ture. He would, first of all, intensity the
current food-for-peace program-mean-
ing more energetic efforts through the
United Nations, for example, to get our
unneeded foodStuffS to hungry people
the world over. He would, furthermore.
continue deliberately to hold some of
the SurpluSeS in strategic food re-
Serve"-to be stored in shapes and
places that would assure its availability
in time Of grave national emergency.
He would use parts of it for payments
In kind" to encourage curtailed produc-
tion-in other words, giving a farmer
surplus wheat, which he may sell, in
payment for reducing his new wheat
crop. And, finally, he would initiate re-
search into the possibility of converting
excess grains into such protein foods
as meat, milk and eggs.
All Of this Mr.. Nixon bundled up in
what he called Operation Consume, with
the further promise that during his ap-
pearance at the National Flowing Con-
test in Brandon, South Dakota, later
this week he will deal with the collat-
eral phase of the problem-that of pre-
venting the building up of new unman-
ageable SurpluSes to replace those which
may be eliminated. This he has already
titled Operation Safeguard, and pre-
Sumably 1t will deal among other things
with the controversial price support
question. Mr.. Nixon's presidential rival,
Senator Kennedy, also is expected to
unveil new details of his farm program
at the Brandon festival.
With nearly seven weeks Of cam
patgning yet to go and the Farm States
considered prime prize, there will be
other bids for favor. If either candidate
finally puts together a formula that will
really ease this double backache-on the
farmers and the Nation alike-he will
deserve nonpartiSan applause. But this
will require more imagination, as we'll
as more courage, than has been uncov-
cred in farm politics" up to now.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
AppIduds Judge

AS a resident of Montgom-
cry County. Md, and living
in the vicinity of Glen Echo,
I was most gratif1ed to see
that Montgomery County
Judge James H. Pugh had
the courage to give the maxi
mum sentence to some of the
rabble rousers who had been
picketing Glen Echo.
Judge Pugh deserves a
world Of credit, for he now
becomes a marked man by
the NAACP and all fellow
travellers because he had the
courage to rule for a white
mans rights.
ThOs. s. Riddle
Evening star., 1960-09-19

In a letter calling for an
end to nuclear tests, Warren
w. Morse. signs himself
President, Washington Com
mittee for a Sane Nuclear
Policy"
I would like to know who
is on this committee, who
sponsors it. where does it
get its money, and what Its
purposes are.
Mr.. Morse mentions lay
ing aside sentimentalism and
fuzzy minded nationaliStic
slogans" That is exactly
the kind Of thinking old Mr..
K. has planted in the minds
of idealistic persons who are
taken in by this monster with
temporarily sheathed claws.
Once a nation loses its
national individualism and
pride, it is comparatively easy
prey for a predatory animal
stalking the free world wait
ing for the kill.
Let's keep our heads high
and our powder dry so that
We will not be lulled into a
false sense of security by the
likes of Mr.. Morse. He speaks
of striving together as BROTH
ers for the common good, but
when I think of the captive
countries. Korea, Tibet, the
Congo and the recent sum-
nit f1asco perpetrated by
Khrushchev, I want to make
sure when we take this road
we don't find ourselves on a
one-way street.
John p. BraddOck.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Commendotion
I would like to expr

I would like to express my
appreciation of the story,
Two Courses in One for
Third Graders" reported by
Harriet Grifiths in The Sun
day Star Magazine, Septem-
ber 4, 1860.
The content and the edu-
cational approach were tech
nical in nature and our de-
partment was most gratified
by Miss Griffiths' grasp of
our detectives.
The photographs by Mr..
Baker caught the intense in
terest of the children in their
study.
Everyone concerned with
the project appreciated this
article.
Sylvia X. Shugrue,
Science Consultant,
D. c. Public Schools.
Evening star., 1960-09-19

Ine canoloateS earnestly
talk to the farmers, to the
labor conventions, to the vet
Grams assembled, to business
mems associations and all
the rest. They try to appeal
to every conceivable male
group on plain, measurable
and usually pocketbook in
terest: 1T will be better for
you If the Democratic ticket
Cor the Republican ticket
gets in. you know"
But the whole heart Of the
problem Of this campaign, to
a degree it has never been
before, is to lay successful
siege to the heart of the one
undoubted majority in this
country, the female sex.
The true king of this cam
paign is the image-maker,
that outer personality in each
of the candidates for Presi-
dent and Vice President un-
der which lies a tough, able
politician. And the image
makers-all of them, Demo-
cratic presidential candidate
Kennedy, G. o. P. presiden-
tial candidate Nixon, Demo-
cratic vice presidential can
didate johnson and G. o. P.
vice presidential candidate
Lodge - are concentrating
their ultimate appeals on
she who will be queen for a
day in the November elec-
ton, the American woman
voter.
If one single group can be
said to hold the power of
absolute decision, it is this
group. There are now 81
250,000 more eligible women
voters than men voters.
There Is every prospect, too,
that for the first time in his
tory the women will actually
cast more votes than the
men,
The days of the little Wom-
an staying home over the
kitchen range while the old
man sailed out to the polling
booth are gone forever. (The
kitchen range too has long
departed-and sometimes the
food on the table is as truly
fabricated as is the cottage
in which it is set out in the
form Of something called
"TV dinners" placed in front
of that omnipresent electron-
ic machine of which the lit
tie woman is undisputed mis-
treSS).
Issues Are "SimpIe"
Dealing with the palpable
issues like civil rights and
farm subsidies and tax poll
cies is hard enough. But all
this is as simple as rolling a
log compared to coping with
Evening star., 1960-09-19
East Mall Needed?

1t came as a great and
pleasant surprise to read in
The Star for September 9
that the Planning Commits
sion, which used to regard
the East Mall as inevitable, "
is now wondering whether
there really is a need for it.
Apparently the commission
has suddenly discovered the
difnculty in rapid transporta-
tion to such a strip-zone.
1t should be pointed out
that a subway line would re-
quire at least four or five
stations between the Ana
costa and the Capitol to
serve such a strip and every
station constructed between
downtown. and the suburb
where he lives. or the fringe
parking lot where he puts
his car. will make the subur-
banite itchier to drive all the
way downtown. Presumably
the subway system is planned
to avoid just this situation.
that is. it is supposed to be
rapid.
The best plan has a mini
mum of stations with work
centers, apartments or park
ing areas clustered around
the station within a walking
radius. The only problem
with such an arrangement,
as far as professional plan
ners go, is that it looks. on
q a map. like organic natural
growth. and does not look
planned.
Peter Glickert.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Theory on Powers

A number Of people are dis
mayed that Francis Gary
Powers did not respond to his
Soviet inquisitors in a more
patriotic manner. Compare
sons between the statements
Of Powers and those Of Ma
than Hale are reiterated again
and again.
Surely these people realize
that the Russians are notori-
Gus for having their propa-
ganda spectacles go according
to plan without even the least
trace of deviation. One can
still recall the Russian moon
rocket Just prior to Khrush-
chev's arrival in the United
States.
Thus I feel it can be safely
assumed that in the period
extending from the time
Powers was captured and the
time when he was placed on
trial the U-2 pilot very prob
ably underwent extensive psy-
chiatric examination and in
terrogation by his Soviet cap
tors. If they had found any
trace Of resistance in Powers
behavior (no matter how we'll
concealed) they would have
with the aid of drugs and
other measures-burned it
out Of his mind Immediately.
Going one step further it is
possible to envision a situa-
ton in which Powers was
given one of two alternatives:
completely coupled with the
chance Of leniency or mind
less submission. And Powers,
considering the latter and
what it implied, chose the
former.
Edward L. GerSOn.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Rats!

Over the last few years, the Rede-
velopment Land Agency has been &C
cused Of faults too numerous to mention.
The latest comes from Wilbur Sherwood,
the commodore of the Capital Yacht
Club, who blames the agency for
spreading out" the rat population when
the SlumS and warehouses of the old
Southwest were demolished. At any
rate, he says, hordes of the beasties have
successfully relocated themselves along
the waterfront, and are overrunning his
club.
This Is more a Health Department
than an RIA responsibility, however,
and health officials deny culpability
Special determination crews, they claim,
waged war on the rodents before, dur
ing and after the buildings were razed,
and killed literally thousands of them.
The trouble, one health official notes, is
that rats are smart" and it is no great
surprise that the hardy survivors may
have migrated to new food sources near
the waterfront
Thus, he assures us, the Pied Pipers
of the Health Department will descend
on the waterfront any day now to ferret
out the unwelcome interlopers, and do
them in. Better late than never, of
course. But If the situation is as serious
as Commodore Sherwood claims, it is
hard to understand why the Health De-
partment has not done something about
it before this.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Donna Good Girl?

Hurricane Donna did
America a favor by ridding
the Florida Keys Of the
hodge-podge of shacks and
other junk that never should
have been permitted to be-
come established in the first
place. The National Park
Service now has its second
chance to acquire and con-
serve the area, which is
unique in America and per-
haps In the whole world.
Acquisition Of the keys by
Evening star., 1960-09-19
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Life on Other Planets improbable
By THOMAS R. HENRY

Life on other planets Of
the solar system may be quite
possible-but not now prob
able.
This is the consensus of
the National Academy Of
Sciences Space Science
Board after consideration of
all presently available evi-
dence.
When a man thinks of
life" he thinks of plants
and animals and considers
the limits within which
earthly organisms can exist.
These limits are very wide.
Creatures crawl. plants bios
som in the eternal darkness
of earth's great depths, rest
with the weight of thousands
Of tons on their backs at the
bottoms of the seas, float in
nearly airleSS reaches Of the
sky, are found in everlasting
ice at temperatures perpetu-
ally below zero and in boiling
hot springs. But wherever
found, they still are plants
and animals. Man can feel
some sense Of fellowship with
the most fantastic of them.
No Contact Possible
Here is a trap to be
avoided, the National Acad-
emy report stresses, in any
consideration n Of other
worldly life. 1t is hard to
escape from the terrestrial
point of view. Mans mind is
of the earth-earthly-fash-
ioned in accordance with
physical and chemical ter
restrial laws. They constitute
a windowless tower around
it.
But organisms on Jupiter
or Saturn-even more so on
planets of other stars-may
be neither plants nor ami
mails but represent forms Of
life at present unimaginable
to humans. They might be.
in their ways, quite superior.
But no way of getting in
touch with them now is
imaginable. They may neither
hear, see, talk or feel but
possess quite other senses.
OF absorbing interest is
the kind of organisms, if any,
which might be found on one
of the big four outer planets.
These bodies are enormously
bigger and heavier than
Earth or Mars. \They prob
ably are solid spheres with
extremely thick atmoSpheres
of light gases. These atmos-
phereS are exposed, like the
rest Of the solar system, to
ultraviolet radiation from
the sun and coSmic radiation
from outer space which have
been demonstrated to create
the amino acid building
blocks or organisms when
passing through a mixture of
gases such as presumably
formed the primeval atmos-
phere of Earth.
Conditions are so different,
however, that chemical eff
fects are incalculable. First,
the outer planets are so far
from the sun that they are
extremely cold-far colder
than would be endurable for
any earthly or Martian or
ganisms. Such enduring cold
hardly can be produced on a
major scale in laboratories.
Second is the effect of the
immense pull Of planetary
Evening star., 1960-09-19

the National Park Service is
a job Of the toughest order.
The services most effective
tool is public opinion.
All people who agree that
the lovely Florida Keys area
should be permanently pre-
served in its natural state so
that future generations may
enjoy it should vocally sup
port the National Park Serv-
ice.
Samuel Shapiro.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry i0riters' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSd-
tion. Those not used tDiu be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1960-09-19

HraVlIy on 'CHe raQlatnnS
themselves.
Under such conditions they
might or might not. produce
amino acids. They might pro-
duce quite different kinds of
amino acids which could be
built up into quite un-terreS-
trial kinds of organisms. No
body is likely to find out
what happens in this genera
ton, or probably the next.
Quite different is the case
with the inner family of solar
satellites. A few years ago
folks who talked about life
on Mars" generally were claS-
sified as eccentrics without
any regard to fundamentals.
Because of the extreme cold
and the very tenuous atmos-
phere, it was held, the essen
tial life processes would be
impossible on the neighbor
planet.
Now it is about two-thirds
accepted that there are liv-
ing things of some sort on the
Marian surface. In fact
many lowly terrestrial organ
iSms, chiefly of the vegeta-
BILE branch. might we'll en-
dure the conditions there
and, assuming them subject
to the same laws of heredity
and survival of the f1ttest,
they may well have radiated
into unpredictable higher
forms.
The nature of the surface
OF Venus below the intense
cloud cover remains entirely
a matter of speculation, al
though it is the earth's near
est planetary neighbor. The
one thing certain is that the
temperature is very high,
comparative. The surface
might be like a bed of red
hot Goals. 1t might be a boil
ing ocean. Almost certainly
no terrestrial organisms could
endure in such heat.
This, however, does not en-
tirely preclude life, or even
its probability. Even should
the surface be unbearably
hot, says the National Acad-
emy report. this need not
preclude a more temperate
zone at another layer.
Regarding Life on Moon
Lately there have been SER
ious speculations about life
Of some sort on the moon
SpeculationS which a few
years ago might have secured
admittance to a psychiatric
hospital. Says the report:
THE exposure of the
moons surface to solar radia-
ton and the absence of a
significant atmosphere have
discounted to possibility Of a
lunar biology. However the
composition of the moons
deeper layers, from even a
few meters beneath the sur
face, is very much an open
question.
Apart from the remote
possibility of indigenous life,
the moon is a gravitational
trap for meteoroidal material.
We may eventually be able
to screen a large quantity of
this virginia. material. Mer-
curry tnearest planet to the
sun and extremely hot) may
be analogous to the moon
except that its dark side may
furnish an even more reliable,
although much remoter. ref
uge for this astro-plankton.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
THE PASSING SCENE
Candidates Besiege Women's Heart
By WILLIAM S. WHITE

that vast labyrinth Of lady
like lunches, instincts, intui-
tions,. likes and dislikes in
which the woman voter lives.
In a word the woman gen.
orally. repea generally, is
reached politically not so
much by a candidate stand
ing on this or that platform
as on the whole sum of his
personality-hiS "image"-as
it reaches her. Thus, above
and beyond all statements of
principle and purpose, every
candidate offers an image of
himself which he hopes will
do the job for him. And these
images, hough consciously
projected. must not be phony
and aren't.
Senator Kennedy comes
through like this: A lean,
somewhat casual young man,
but not a callow one, who
shows himself as a politician
of great modernity. He calls
for action, action, action. He
turns his back mostly on the
past. His theme. which he
himself has lately put in a
single (and curiously old
fashioned) phrase, is that
the Republicans are stick
in-the-mud" - and Nixon,
tn0
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Teachers VS.. Tuwes

ION6IIlOT dWeS SeeIIlS Q6-
termined that his admins
tration will be remembered
for his conversion of the
State teachers colleges to
branches of the University Of
Maryland whether the tax
payers like it or not.
How many of those experts
in wishful thinking who claim
that the university's absorp-
ton of teachers colleges is
"educationally sound" have
any knowledge of the uniVer-
sity'S readiness, or lack of
readiness. to assume larger
responsibilities? The real ex-
perts, who should be con-
suited before we taxpayers
are assessed tens Of millions
of dollars for the conversion,
are those faculty who have
left Maryland University in
the past few years and the
States teachers who have
studied there.
DR.. Elkins has said that
1--WE are not taking full ad-
vantage of our mental re-
sources" And we never will
as long as the university
faculty are actively dedicated
to publishing and only pas
sively interested in teaching,
the job for which they are
paid from taxes. We tax
payers do not want this
faulty sense of values foisted
onto our State teachers COL
legeS.
Ruth SmOck.
English teacher, Montgomery
County.
- -
Maryland's Governor Tawes
has charged DR.. Thomas G.
Pullen, the State superintend-
ent, with being unimagina-
tive and failing in leadership
in his guidance of the train
ing of teachers.
For your benefit, Mr.. Gov
ernor, the system of educa-
ton in Maryland is second to
none in the Nation.
Our teacher college grad
yates receive unqualified ad-
mittance to every major
university in the Nation when
they seek to do advanced
study. The quality of class
room teaching in Maryland
is second to none in the
Nation. The curriculum mate
rials developed under the
leadership of DR.. Pullen and
his staff. with the various
county units. is modern, up
to-date - and borrowed for
study by many other States
in the Nation. Many Mary
land teachers hold respon-
sible, honored positions on
national committees studying
educational trends. Hundreds
of our teachers have gained
national recognition through
foundation groups. Thousands
of our children each year
gain scholarships (competi-
tive), worth hundreds of
thousands of dollars.
Are these things the by
product of unimaginative
leadership?
It would be better if the
imaginative and visionary
and practical requests made
by DR.. Pullen to the legis-
lature had been studied by
people of vision and imagina-
tion-and faith. Whereas part
of a budget request for build
ingS. which we're and are still
Sorely needed to enable the
teachers colleges to increase
stu dent capacity, was
granted, such things as a
So million physics building
was given to the Johns Hop
kins University, a private in
stitution in Baltimore. There
were several Of these grants,
while the budget for the
State colleges was cut.
Thomas j. johnson.
President, Maryland State
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Quieter Politician

Vice President Nixon: A
youngish - but not really
young - and compact and
buttoned-up sort of man; a
rather quieter politician than
his rival, and sometimes one
so sober in approach as al
most to be somber. His un-
stated slogan is Action, yes;
but haste makes waste" His
theme is expressed in two
words: Maturity, expert
ence." He does not attack
Kennedy. Instead he smiles
rather sadly and understand
ingly over his rival. after
ALL" the Vice Presidents
manner says, I'VE were all
young once"
Henry Cabot Lodge, the
Republican vice presidential
candidate: A mellow, sophis-
ticated but also kindly man
of-the-world; a Strikingly
modish grandfather; a fell
low not exactly looking for
a job but perfectly ready to
serve if the good people want
him.
Senator Lyndon B. john
son, the Democratic vice pres
idential candidate: More than
a bit of the tall, darkly hand
some but rather woman-shy
marshal of the Old West; a
leathery, laconically chival-
rous mana kind Of drawl-
ing Gary Cooper to Lodges
clipped-voiced Rex Harrison.
Evening star., 1960-09-19
Not Easily Disormed

Samuel Shapiro
Evening star., 1960-07-30
Miller
Opens
New Area

The first two homes have
been completed in Potomac
Falls, the fourth major COM
munity to be developed here
by the w. c. & A. N. Miller
Development, Co.. the firm
announced this week.
This latest undertaking by
the developers of Wesley
Heights. Spring Valley and
Sumner, is located Just of
Falls road between Potomac,
Md. and the Great Falls.
In the new community,
which occupies a 863-acre
tract, the firms plans a total
OF some $50 homes, each of
which will have two to five
acres of ground.
Ammg the unusual fea-
lures of the development will
be a system of rights-of-way
along rear lot lines which
will be suitable for use on
horseback, bicycle or foot.
At present the firm has an
additional five homes under
construction at Potoma C
Falls. Edward r. Spano is the
architect.
Evening star., 1960-07-30
Builders Weekly Report

is Routh Robbins Real Estate
Corp. and the manufacturer
is Scholz Home, Inc, of To-
ledo. Ohio.
Under the arrangement,
the group cooperates on ad-
vertising. interchange of sub
contractors and so forth. The
Robbins firm acts as exclu-
sive sales agent for the pro-
gram.
The Home Builders Asso-
citation of M metropolitan
w a hington sponsored a
showing on television this
morning of the film "Today's
Home"
Narrated by John Cameron
SwayZe, the film pin points
the advantages and benefits
OF home ownership. It was
shown on WTTG-5 from
9:15 to $50 o'clock.
Evening star., 1960-07-30

Mr.. Murphy, an attorney,
will specialize in legislative
analysis and the development
of public affairs programs for
industrial corporations.
Mr.. Murphy. a graduate of
both Harvard College and
the Boston University Law
School, was industrial rela-
tionS advisor for the general
counSel's Office of Army Ord
nance before joining NAHB.
He is editor of the Federal
Bar Journal. official publica-
tion of the Federal Bar AsSo-
citation and is a member of
the national council of the
Federal Bar.
y \
Five w a ashington area
homebuilders have pooled ef-
forts with a real estate broker
and a home manufacturer in
an unusual system for mer-
chandising homes to lot own
ers.
The builders are Arthur
Lowe. jr., and Charles E.
Kirsch and Son in Montgom-
cry County, Supreme Build
ers, Inc, in Prince Georges
County and j. E. Perdue and
John R. Minchew, Inc, in
nearby Virginia. The broker