davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-03-02
S. WHITE
Violence or Proof of Russell Chorqe
Seen Only Likelihood of BIockino a Bill

What is real is far different
from what is apparent in
the Senate's long struggle
over civil rights.
The appearance is that
practically all the Southern
ers have been massed like
desperate men on a bitter
barricade against any addi-
tional protection whatever to
Negro voting in the South.
The reality is that not a
dozen-indeed not more than
eight or ten-are actually so
massed, in their hearts.
The appearance is that a
furious and violent filibuster
the maneuver for time
killing to prevent any vote at
all-is in sight. The reality
is that no such all-out thing
is under present conditions
even possible. 1t takes at least
20 Senators to put on an un-
breakable f1libuster. No such
force exists, at present.
The appearance is that the
bipartisan civil rights forces
are now strong enough to
sweep far past the matter of
voting rights. 1t would seem
that the Senate has both the
power and the determination
to go much beyond voting
rights and SO also to provide
powers to force school inte-
grafton through Federal or
ders.
Again. the reality is quite
otherwise. The Senate will
not go that far-again, not
unoer all present clrcun-
stances.
Given no grave worsening
of national atmosphere, the
upshot of it all will be a civil
rights bill really guarantee
ing the voting right, but 60
ing little or no further. And
given no grave worsening in
national atmosphere that bill
at length is going to pass
by perhaps Seven-to-one.
The size of the ultimate ma
jority is of the highest i'm
portance; the bigger it is the
better it will be for all really
concerned for Negro suffrage.
Two things, however, could
Evening star., 1960-03-02
DAVID LAWRENCE

Resentment, hypocrisy,
deep seated antagonismS,
political self1shnesS-all these
are part of the background Of
what is being called q civil
rights debate in the United
States Senate.
Little is apparent of the
feeling that disputes can bet
ter be resolved if a concilia-
tory spirit prevails. Instead,
friction and bitterness are
being engendered daily-in-
deed, it is actually promoted
as a means of getting pub
licity.
The "sit down" demonStra-
tions in the South, for in
stance, are regrettable evi-
dences Of the mistaken theory
that progress in a controversy
can be made by stirring up
more and more hostility be-
tween the groups involved.
Even many of those citizens
who not so long ago were
crying out for law and order
seem strangely silent when
Negro and white demonstra-
tors enter private business
establishments and refuse to
leave seats pre-empted by
them in the restaurants un-
til ousted forcibly.
Reports from the South
are that many people who
enter the stores and see the
demonstrators are beginning
to send unfriendly glances
toward all Negroes they see.
This is the way bad feeling
is spread and violence pro-
voked. One wonders whether
the inStigators of the sit
down stunts have taken into
account the damage to race
relations which has already
been done by the demonstra-
tions in the restaurants and
lunch rooms.
The debate in the Senate
is supposedly over voting
rights. This is not the basic
issue. For the South does
recognize the right of a
qualified citizen to vote. The
controversy is over the
method that shall be used
to determine whether a voter
is qualified. The theory is
advanced by Northern pro-
ponents of so-called civil
rights legislation that the
Federal Government shall
police the registration of
voters - hitherto predomi-
nantly a State function. In
Evening star., 1960-03-02
RALPH McGILL
The Kennedy and BowIes Team

a $50,000 job for the priyi-
lege of saying this. The Ken
nedy campaign, which gets
it for free, likely would have
paid that much for it.
Mr.. Nixon's position on the
missile gap is not known 1t
is probable he is perturbed.
1t is not his nature to be un-
concerned about such issues
when they are so clear-cut
and when someone, obviously,
is wrong.
There seems to be no
great fear about the present
state Of defense 1t is good.
But in these days of scien-
tif1c progress. decisions made
today must suffice for protec-
tion for some four to seven
years hence.
Mr.. Nixon wants to pro-
ject himself as an extension
OF the popular and prosper
GUS Eisenhower administra-
ton. He knows the Presi-
dent cannot pass along any
personal popularity. But al
ready, the Vice Presidents
major asset is the fact he
has had magnificent train
ing and experience and has
revealed great ability in all
assignments given him.
1t would be a most un-
happy development for Mr..
Nixon if the image of the
Eisenhower administration
were to become seriously suS-
pect in this field.
If it should so become, then
the Democrats will be at
tacking the Achilles heel with
all the arrows al their COM
mand. And none will be in
so formidable a position to
fire with accuracy as the
team of Kennedy and BGkles.
Evening star., 1960-03-02
Old Trolley Line
Park Indorsed

A plan to turn the old Cabin
John trolley line right of way
into a park was backed last
night by the Palisades Citizens
Association.
In voting their support Of
the National Capital Planning
Commissions proposal, three
limitations on the proposed
park:
That owners of adjoining
Evening star., 1960-03-02
DORIS FLEEsON
Nixon Adopts the Star System

pattern of his preconvention
campaign.
His numerous Office doors
are open to Republicans of all
kinds. and no attention is
spared them and their prob
lens by a large staff of polit-
ical experts. But the Vice
Presidents public appear
ances are heavy on the nom
partisan side. He relishes also
the ceremonials for which the
luster of the White House,
personif1ed by his several
aides, can be borrowed.
This advant t a ge is. Of
course, availa BILE to him
largely by courtesy OF Gov.
Rockefeller in withdrawing
from the contest for the
nomination. 1t makes it
largely unnecessary for the
Vice President to court Re-
publicans of any shade of
opinion; they have no place
else to go.
Some idea of the extent TO
which they are willing to sac
rifice themselves or their in
clinations to the Nixon i'm
perativeS In the presidential
campaign ahead may be seen
when they start calling the
civil rights roll in the Senate.
The votes are there to do
what the Senate really wants
to do in enacting a civil
rights bill, but some of them
must be votes of Republi-
cans who in past years have
stuck with the Southern con-
servatives. The question is
whether the Vice President
can unstick enough of them
to do the job.
Evening star., 1960-03-02

1t is by now widely recog-
nized that Vice President
Nixon is seeking to adapt
the widely celebrated star
system Of Republican poll
tics in his native California
to the national scene.
He is not exactly shirking
his party duties; in fact, he
is working very hard at them
in private, but the operative
phrase is "in private" His
favored forums are those
which give him a whack at
the general public, prefer
ably in large quantities, and
especially when it is en-
gagged in the more whole
some aspects Of American
life.
While the unfortunate
Democratic aspirantS for the
presidency are slugging and
slogging it out in the Wis
consin SHOWS and slush, the
Vice President has been
agreeably opening the Olym-
pic games. While they ponder
what mayhem they can in
flict on each other that will
heal by convention time, the
Vice President exudes
brotherly love at functions
designed to stimulate the
philanthropic emotions.
This seems to annoy Poet
Carl Sandbug who has just
described Mr.. Nixon as "a
grand fellow traveller" who
has nearly equalled a rec
ord Of the late John Foster
Evening star., 1960-03-02
Demonstrators in South Are Reminded
Actions Aid in Spread of Resentment

the North as well as the
South, literacy tests are re-
quired, and in some States
property must be owned as a
qualification for voting.
The Fifteenth Amendment
to the Constitution says that
the right of citizens to vote
shall not be abridged be-
cause of race or color. This
amendment was declared
ratified in 1870. but the
legislatures of States like
California, Delaware and
New Jersey rejected it. Even
New York State, after first
voting to ratify, then voted
to rescind its ratification.
There is a moral question,
too. as to whether the
amendment was really rati-
fed by the will of the peo-
ple's elected representatives
in three-fourths Of the State
legislatures. For in the South
the legislatures were domi-
mated by military forces sent
there by the Federal Gov
ernment after the war was
over. Ratification of amend
ments to the Constitution
was compelled, in some in
stances, at the point of the
bayonet.
The South hasn't forgotten
all this. Many of the wounds
of those days were healed in
part by the 1896 decision of
the Supreme Court of the
United States. 1t approved
the many State supreme
court decisions of the pre-
vious Is years, including
those in New York and Ohio,
which upheld the principle
of separate but equal" facil-
tiles for education. Now that
the 1854 decision of the
Supreme Court of the United
States has completely upset
the 1896 ruling, the South
feels it has been miStreated
all along the line, beginning
with the forced acceptance
of the amendments to the
Constitution by illegal legis-
latures in the years following
the War Between the States.
The Southern Senators
know they are outnumbered.
But they wouldn't be true to
the sentiments Of their con-
stituents If they didn't use
every proper occasion to
debate the issues. Extremists
on both sides are beclouding
the issues. The controversy
Evening star., 1960-03-02

property who have easements
to the right of way be per-
mitted to regain their land;
that property owners west of
Arizona avenue be permitted to
acquire abutting rights. and
that the portion of Sherrier
place NV. straddles the right
Of way be Strengthened.
The association opposed
turning the right of way into
an expresSway.
The meeting was held at the
Palisades Field House, Sherrier
place and Edmonds street NV,
Evening star., 1960-03-02

ocratic nomination as is un-
opposed Vice President Nix
on Of the Republican. AS it
is, he is increasingly the
favorite. The Bowles an
nouncement further accel-
crates his gains.
If the Republican Party
has an Achilles heel, it is
that of the missile gap and
the national security. Despite
the fact Mr.. Eisenhower has
protested, with perhaps un-
necessary heat, that there Is
no danger, the Achilles heel
remains a target.
The recent resignation of
Thomas G. Lanphier, vice
president of the Convair di-
vision of General Dynamics,
and a World War II combat
pilot OF top ability, made the
heel a bit more naked.
Convair builds the Atlas
the one United States success
in the ICBM field. But Mr..
Lanphier resigned, saying he
could not comfortably remain
employed in a defense indus
try when he believes the Presi-
dent is taking a dangerous,
dangerous gamble with ma
tional security"
"Mr. Eisenhower speaks Of
PolariS, the Minuteman and
Titan missiles as almost in
being" said Mr.. Lanphier.
THE enemy knows better.
The father image is no de-
fense against Khrushchev.
Modern weaponry has moved
beyond Mr.. Eisenhower's
comprehension His own
words prove it,"
Mr.. L amp HE sacrificed
Evening star., 1960-03-02
RALPH McGHL
Congressmon's Aid to Young Senator
Called Stimulating and Comfortinu

The new firm of Kennedy
and Bowles is an attractive
one.
Intelligence has been null
tiplied, as has been expert
ence. The thought of Ches-
ter BowleS in the Office OF
Secretary of State is a warm
ing and reassuring one. The
prospect Of him in the cab
met and in conference with
a young President is both
stimulating and comforting.
Without question, the Sc
lection of Representative
Chester Bowles, former Am
bassador to India and one
time Governor of Connecti-
cut, as campaign adviser
and speaker on foreign af-
fairs is an effective break
through for Senator Ken
nedy. 1t Immediately will
win for him a substantial
segment of the independent
vote. 1t will have the tend
ency to attract more Of it.
The attack on Senator
Kennedy's religion now Is
directed, not at the fact he
is a Roman Catholic, but at
the church's statement that
1t has discipline over its
communicates and suggests
to them how to vote on ma
jor issues. If this could
somehow be clarified by the
Vatican, with it's under
standing of the respected
place the church has in the
American system. which is
unlike that of Europe, SEN
ator Kennedy would be al
mYt as assured of tAe DEM
Evening star., 1960-03-02
VIL-EIENvI
Reality in the Civil Rights Fight

at this point the hard-core
Southern opposition which
now is so small could be-
expanded and infinitely har-
dened overnight.
Rarely has a greater OBJ
legation lain upon all men to
act responsibly. Politics is
politics. to be sure. All the
same, the best of the politi-
clans themselves will recog-
nize in this situation an i'm
perative duty to their coun-
try as a whole. And the fair
discharge of that duty will
in the end, be the best poll
tics of all.
Evening star., 1960-03-02
Vice President Gets Big Events for Talks
While Foes GroppIe in Wisconsin Snow

Dulles" However, Mr.. Sand
burg is able to moderate his
enthusiasm for the aspiring
Democrats as well, with the
exception of Adlai Steven
son, and besides has a show
of his own on the road.
He has aptly expressed the
illustration of Democrats as
they moroSely advertise their
party split in the current
fllibuster on civil rights, a
spectacle which does little to
enhance their dignity. They
want to have at Mr.. Nixon,
but the timing is not propi-
tious. and they know it.
In his famous Senate cam
paign against Representative
Helen Gahagan Douglas, the
Nixon billboards were mod
els of gentle brevity. They
simply stated that He will
protect the American home"
The rude word, Republican,
was not mentioned. This was
standard California practice
for Republicans who were
outnumbered in the registra-
ton and with many, though
not all, Democrats.
1t has been largely elimi-
mated within the State by
changes in the election law,
and especially the abolition
of cross-flling. But in COM
bination with some sharp
footwork in the precincts it
worked for Mr.. Nixon then.
and it is substantially the
Evening star., 1960-03-02

greatly change this outlook,
one way or the other:
l. Any dramatic proof of
the charge of Senator
Richard B. Russell of Georgia
that Northern politicians are
deliberately inciting Negro
sit-down demonstrations IN
segregated business places
in the South. This could
change everything on one
side. 1t could force the mod
crate Southern Senators
who now actually we'll out
number those refusing to give
any ground at all on civil
rightS-to join their more
extreme colleagues. If this
should happen, all bets would
be off. 1t would mean a
filibuster to end all f1libusters.
2. Any widespread vio-
lence resulting from such
demonstrations, if it seemed
to produce law-enforcement
unfair ess toward the
Negroes, could alter every.
thing on the other side. This
could create a situation in
which the Northern moder-
ateS would be pushed away
from their present position.
They would be forced by
emotional pressure to join
the Northern immoderates.
And, again all bets would be
of. AS of now the Northern
immoderates, like the South
ern immoderateS, are only a
relative handful.
The long and short of it is
simply this: Those in the
North who really wish to
make progress. but rational
progress, on race relations
are under heavy obligation
not to help inflame the
South's troubles at this point.
Those in the South who
really wish to help solve this
problem in an orderly and
reasonable way are under
heavy obligation to avoid
extremism on their own side.
If they say mo" to every re-
form in voting, the Senate in
anger and emotionalism may
then go very far indeed. And
if the Northerners press the
South harshly and pitilessly
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26

March and April include: bush
and pole snap and lima beans,
corn, cucumbers, okra, tomato,
pepper, squash, eggplant, sum
mer spinach, watermelon,
sweet potatoes and cantaloup-
es, Some newer varieties you
Will see and hear more about
include; kokomo and Big Boy
Hybrid tomatoes. Extender
bush snap beans, Edisto canta-
loups, Thaxter bush lima
beans, Florida Beauty egg
plant, Greenback cabbage,
Keystone Res. Giant Sweet
pepper, Champion radish,
Blackstone Watermelons, Tex.
as 167 Broccoli, Touchon Car.
rot and Dixie Market spinach.
Tomato plants cannot be order
ed outside Mississippi. Grow
them or buy Mississippi grown
plants. SEWN is highly rec
commended to control bean
beetles, follow directions on
the package. Prevention is bet
ter than cure for plant dis
eases. Follow a good dust and
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26
Rankin County
Al Club News
By Ada b. Adams
Negro Home Dem. Agent
Chrystelle Jones, Reporter

Chrystelle Jones, Reporter
Taylor Hills Home Demon
stration Club met Thursday,
March 10, in the home of Mrs.
Chrystelle Jones at 7:30 r. Nj.
The President Mrs. Elizabeth
Magee was in charge. The
business was selecting dele
gateeS for the South District
Home Demonstration Women'S
Council to be held in the Col
lege Park Auditorium April
z, 1860. The Educational To
pic CONSERVATION Services
Available to Farm Families, "
was discussed by Mrs. Ger
trude A. Richardson. The De
monstration, Fashions in Cot
ton," was given by Mrs. Ada
B. Adams, Home Demonstra-
ton Agent. A delicious plate
lunch was served by the hos
tess, with a tasty Meat Loaf
prepared by the Nutrition
Committee Chairman, Mrs.
Cola Benson.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26
spray program regularly.

spray program regularly.
Other reminders for March
are: Transplant plants to cold.
frame. Apply fertilizer in now
rows, locate bean and tomato
stakes, side-dress early planted
vegetables, use starter solution
around plants, use hotcaps
over early plants, Work some
life" into the soil; use double.
row planting-efficiency.
Some April reminders are.
Make second paintings of most
vegetables, Watch for bugs.
thin plants. Don't forget a
supply of vegetables for can
ming and freezing. Prune and
stake. Plant a herb bed. "When
one row has finished. plant
another - It's good business"
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26

come in from the outside. They
are there when you move IN
and they will be back. These
are some new approved poi
sons TO try for resistant
reaches; $50 Dianinon, 2go Ra
lathion, 29o Ronnel (Korlanl,
go Chlordane, Sc Disdrin,
read cautions on containers.
State University Bug Reports
say the steps to control roach
es and water bugs are. l. Re
move all foods, dishes, pots,
pans and other stuff from your
kitchen cabinets, 2. Clean
shelves in cabinets, bedroom
closets, and bathrooms. 5
Wash all these places with
soap and water. Brush or
spray poison inside cabinets
Be sure to get poison into
cracks, corners, creyiees, the
bottoms, sides of drawers and
top and bottom of base boards
Sprin~ Gardening Hints
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26

The Annual All Club Rally
will be held in the Carter High
School at Brandon, Mississippi,
on Friday, April /, 1860. All
of the schools in the county
are to have their All Club
represented.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26
Reaches and Water Bugs

Reaches and Water Bugs
Yes. you can control them,
but they have a "built-in' re-
sistance to some poisons. This
may be why you find them
hard to control. Thorough
treatment is very important
A dab of poison here and a
squirt there is not enoughi
How do we get reaches and
water bugs? They come in
grocery bags and boxes. They
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-03-26

Spring Gardening Hints
Warm season crops TO be
planted after frost in late
Evening star., 1960-04-03

l HAVE THE PLEASURE OF COMMUNICATING
TO YOU THE ENCLOSED ORDER OF THE PRES
IDENT, DIRECTING THE FLAG OF THE UNITED
STATES TO BE RAISED AND PLANTED UPON THE
RUINS OF FORT SUMTER BY YOUR HANDS, ON
THE l4TH DAY OF APRIL NEXT, THE FOURTH
ANNIVERSARY OF THE EVACUATION OF THAT
POST BY THE UNITED STATES FORCES UNDER
YOUR COMMAND.
Shortly after noon on April Ia, the
Evening star., 1960-04-03

'order of the President" was carried out. Near
E pm. of that day Mr.. Lincoln read telegraphed
report of the ceremonies from Anderson now
major general.
The door opened. Mrs. Lincoln entered.
''It's late," she said "You should be getting
ready soon. We're going to the theater tonight"
The President smiled. ''Mary, | have been reading
General Anderson's report on raising the flag over
Fort Sumter. We have finally set that right"
And he might have added, 'Now we can rest"
Four hours later, at Ford's Theatre, John Wilkes
Booth stole into the Presidents box and put period
to that sentence with bullet. The End
Evening star., 1960-04-03

washing it with tears. Sherman ripped
through Georgia and South Carolina, cap
turing Charleston in mid-February of 1865.
Fort Sumter was again in Union hands.
The war was drawing to close.
By that time, Anderson, i'll and retired
from the army, was living in New York
City. If it was at all possible, Mr.. Lincoln
wanted Anderson to raise the same flag over
Sumter that had been lowered in '6l.
The project was set in motion and early
Evening star., 1960-04-03

More reason to rest. You will need your
strength"
''You 60 to bed, Mary There can be no rest for
me until the flag flies again Sumter"
Three weeks later, Major Robert Anderson, who
had commanded the garrison at Fort Sumter,
arrived in Washington carrying the tattered flag
which had flown over the fort. To Lincoln the
return of that flag became an obsession.
Bull Run, Antietam Gettysburg, the Wilderness,
Vicksburg, Chattanooga = the months, the years,
the battles rolled on drenching the land in blood
Evening star., 1960-04-03
Get this 3 G
VACATION

family Cnadas Atlantic Provinces Get
Beautiful books Hundreds of photographs
places exciting things do Easyoread Valuable
plan the family of emen
Canads Scotia New Brunswick Prince Edward
sIand and Newfoundland
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-10-20
Rockville Closes Fiscal
Year With Surplus Funds

rectly into the city by Rock
ville's residential and business
citizens. Approximately $780,
600 came from income and
other taxes returned to the city
by the State of Maryland. The
remainder was made up from
various Rockville sources in
Guiding service charges, license
and permit fees, income derived
from city agencies and other
miscellaneous revenues.
Rockville's outstanding gen.
eral Indebtedness amounts to
almost $2,500,000. In addition,
there is a self-liquidating debt
of slightly more than $3,400,000.
The city's assessable base for
all real and personal property
is over $66,000,0O0.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-10-20

Rockville ended its 1859
60 fiscal year with a surplus
of $4,000 and with more
than $4,000 in the equiva-
lent of an earned surplus
for its city-owned water facility,
according to the annual audit
rleased this week by Mayor
Alexander ]. Greene.
The city administration spent
1895, 460 for government opera
tons, public safety, recreation
programs and facilities, motor
vehicle maintenance and repair,
insurance and pension plans for
city employees, public works,
and debt service from July l,
1859, to June 80, 1860. The
Mayor and Council also author