davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-11-09
THE POLITICAL MILL
A First in Voting History

Senator Kennedy Of Mas
sachusetts, elected President
yesterday over Vice President
Nixon Of California, by the
closest popular vote since
1916, made political history.
He viii be the first Roman
Catholic President the coun-
try has had. He is the young
est man ever to be elected
Presidential 43. Theodore
Roosevelt became President
at AZ. He entered the White
House, however, not as the
result Of an election but be-
cause Of the assassination of
President william Mckinley.
Just as the late President
FranklinD D. Roosevelt smashed
the two-term tradition for
Presidents, Senator Kennedy
has smashed the long held
belief that a Catholic could
not be elected President. 1t is
to be devoutly hoped that the
so-called religious issue will
now be swept under the rug.
It Is and always should have
been unworthy in the United
States to either defeat or
elect a man because Of his
religious beliefs or because Of
his church. Doubtless the
argument will continue, how
ever. over how far this reli-
gious issue played its part in
yesterdays election. MIR. Ken
nedy won in a big way in
States where the Catholic
vote was large. he was de-
feated in some States where
the Protestant vote is large.
= = 4
1t appears. however, that
the so-called liberal, progress
sive and radical elements in
the country played q great
part in the Kennedy election.
It appears. also, that certain
groups in the country-organ-
lied labor and the Negro vote,
for example-went heavily for
Mr.. Kennedy.
It appears also that the
country is in for another
round Of expansion Of big
Government. Senator Ken
nedy and his Democratic
supporters-outSide of the
South-have promised, as set
Evening star., 1960-11-09

halt to many projects. Such
q stand, II it becomes neces.
sary. will take real courage
because Of the pressure
groups to which he is in part
indebted for his election.
It has been evident for
some time that the country
has been veering away from
conservatism; that while it
has prospered under Eisen.
hover administration, there
have been many pressures to
force the Government into
new fields. The tremendously
increased Democratic regis
tration in such States as New
York, Pennsylvania and Cali
fornia; the large Demo-
cratic majorities elected to
Congress in the immediate
past, are evidence enough.
All of this aided Senator.
Kennedy in winning this
election.
His own personal appeal,
his repeated statements that
he would lead the country to
new heights, were also effec-
tive. He conducted a hard
hitting campaign. He over
came two expected hardicaps,
his membership in the Cath
olic Church and his youthful
appearance. Indeed. instead
OF handicaps. they turned out
to be the reverse.
So =
Vice President Nixon,
despite his undoubted ability,
his experience in Govern
ment. was faced with an up
hill battle. almost from the
start Of the campaign. Mr..
Kennedy and his supporters
apparently were able to make
large numbers of the voters
believe that this country has
been standing still. or even
going down hill, during the
eight years Of the Eisenhower
administration. Nothing that
Mr.. Nixon could say was able
to erase this idea.
The Vice President was
faced with too great odds.
His own campaigning held
many in line for the G. o. P.
and he was aided greatly by
the staunch support given
him by President Eisenhower,
Evening star., 1960-11-09
WATCHING THE WORLD
Europe's Interest in u. S. Election
BY CROSBY S. NOYE.

tactics there was nothing
much to get ones teeth into.
There were moments in the
heat Of their television de-
bates when it seemed as
though q real dispute would
develop over the defense Of
the Chinese offshore islands
and what to do about Fidel
Castro. But even before the
partisans Of one side, or the
other could work up a good
head Of steam the candidates
backwatered prudently and
the argument fizzled.
The Prestige Issue
BY and large. Europeans
have been vastly amused by
all the fuss about American
prestige. The idea that the
election might turn on the
opinions expressed by q few
thousand persons interviewed
In these parts by the United
States Information Agency
was flattering If not particu-
larry comforting. When it
came to comparisons between
America and Russia, Europ-
cans realized that 1t is one
thing to be admired and an
other thing to be feared. To
most of them, Americas
pathetic yearning for popu-
larity in the world has
seemed merely a symptom of
adolescent Self-consciousness
to be overcome in time.
Even the last-minute sug-
gestion Of Mr.. Nixon that he
might send three former
American Presidents to carry
the torch Of freedom behind
the Iron Curtain has been
greeted with family incredu-
lous smiles. It is being gen.
orally assumed that neither
the Communists nor the ex-
Presidents. with the exception
Of Mr.. Eisenhower, would
take the idea too seriously.
Apart from showing up the
Vice President as a devotee
Of summitry on a scale that
staggers even British enthu-
siasts. it did not noticeably
swing the European vote to
the Republican side.
In fact. despite all claims,
there has not been an Ameri-
can election for decades In
which our allies-or for that
matter our enemies as we'll
have felt themselves less d.
rectly involved in the out
come. American foreign pol
icy, 1t seems, Is not due for
any agonizing revisions in the
foreseeable future. In this
respect, at least, the new
wave in the White House
seems likely to be pretty
much like the old. Or as
Chatelain might put 1t: "Plus
ca change plus ca recon-
mence."
Evening star., 1960-11-09
Bridge BottIenecks

So now, somewhat belated-
ly, the discovery is made that
the six lanes of the Theodore
Roosevelt Bridge will not be
sufflcient-that there should
be eight.
When the next bridge is
built upstream - at Three
Sisters, Arizona avenue, or
wherever - six lanes will be
insufficient there. too. But If
that bridge is made eight
lanes wide, how will the
traffic from it disperse?
The point is this. Every
bridge, whether already built,
being planned, or under con-
struction, is of sufficient
capacity to accommodate all
off-peak traffic in its corri-
dor. It is rush-hour traffic
that causes the difficulty.
That is what the furore of
the highway men is all about.
These traffic jams are jams
Of cars, not of people. The
people in the jams could be
transported over a double
track rail rapid transit line
with speed and comfort. But
the opportunity to avail
themselves of that privilege
is non-existent. And the
highway men never consider
the possibility of making
provision for construction of
such a line over their bridges.
That, apparently. would be a
violation Of their code.
But if, by some method,
the highway men could be
induced to permit a rail
rapid transit line to share
the Tn dore Roosevelt
Bridge, it would be found
that the four remaining high
way lanes would care for the
rush hour traffic better than
eight lanes otherwise would,
simply because that traffic
would be greatly reduced.
Too. such a line if continued
to Chantilly, would cut travel
time between the airport and
the city in half. In town the
line could 60 into the pro-
posed subway and be an in
tegral part Of it.
Here's hoping! But the
hope is dim!
e. v. Hailman.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
G. 0. p. Carries Virqinio

The only really surprising aspect of
Republican Representative Joel T. Broy-
hills reelection to Congress in Vir-
ginia'S nearby 10th district was the size
OF his victory over his Democratic op-
ponent, Ralph Kaul. Mr.. Broyhill ran
far ahead of his national ticket in
Northern Notwithstanding of per-
Sonal triumph. While the 10th district
was contributing 2,000-vote majority
for Vice President Nixon, who won the
State by more than 10000 votes, Mr.
Broyhill was given fifth term by
margin of more than II, 900 ballots,
sweeping all governmental jurisdictions.
Although Mr.. Kaul emphasized ma
tional issues in his vigorously waged
campaign, while charging Mr.. Broyhill
with neglecting many important local
problems, the result indicates that the
choice was made more on the basis of
Mr.. Broyhill's success as legislator
in dealing with such problems than on
partisan considerations.
The electorate gave much-needed
support to public improvements, includ-
ing better school facilities, by indorsing
bond issues in Falls Church, Prince Will
liam County and Arlington. These
projects, several of them of great ur-
gency, now can move forward. The only
unexpected upset came in the Arlington
County Board contest between incum-
bent Democrat DR.. Lucas Blevins and
Thomas Richards, candidate of the lib
eral ABC faction, otherwise known as
Richards won by margin of less than
500 votes Independent Ernest D. Wilt
won the other board seat without con-
test, receiving the largest number of
ballots ever cast for board member
1892.
Mr.. Nixon's victory in the State at
large had been generally predicted, de-
spite efforts of Governor Almond and
other dissident members of the Byrd
organization to swing Virginia for Sem
ator Kennedy. Playing an important
part in the Republican triumph, how
ever, was the sphinx-like silence of
Senator Byrd himself, long time head of
the conservative Democratic organiza-
ton. While Senator Byrd had refused
to indorSe either presidential candidate,
he did speak out against the Democratic
platform-especially the civil rights and
anti-right-to-work provisions.
The campaign in Virginia is apt to
have lasting repercussions Had Mr.
Nixon won the presidency, Senator
Byrd's control of the State Demo-
cratic party might have been materially
strengthened. A national Democratic
administration, however, will not forget
Senator Byrd's inaction nor will it be
unappreciative of the staunch support
it received from Governor Almond, for
mer Governors Battle and Darden and a
number of others who broke with the
Byrd group. And with Virginia due to
elect new Governor next year, the
prospects are that the Democrats will
be widely split between the Byrd and
Almond factions, with the latter bene-
fitting from the outcome Of the 1860
national election.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
The American Woy
Now that the election ia owe

Now that the election is over
And the votes have all
been cast,
And the winners have all
been chosen
We can relax at last.
For the voice Of freedom has
spoken
And this is the American
way,
That we can choose our
leaders
On each election day.
So let's all be good winners
Also good losers too:
And stand with our faith to-
gether
In the land of the red,
white and blue.
Jack VirnStein.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
BY GOULD LINCOLN

forth In the Democratic plat
form adopted in Los Angeles
last July. Q long list Of leg
islative programs which will
require greater spending by
the Federal Government. A
long list Of so-called social
programs includes enactment
Of legislation for a new mini
mum wage Of $1.25 an hour,
the expenditure Of large sums
Of money for education, {"
including Federal contribu-
tions which could be used for
increasing teacher salaries as
well as the building Of addi-
tional classrooms, the ex-
penditure Of many more mil
lions Of dollars for public
power development and for
public housing. the relief of
distressed areas" and for
medical aid to the aged.
Mr.. Kennedy, however, has
promised to fight for a sound
dollar, to fight against in
1lation, for a new program
to aid the farmers, and he
has promised not to increase
taxes at this time, unless
there should be a major ma
tional crisis. His idea Is that
a greater expansion Of in
dustry will follow the adop-
ton Of these new programs
and that the volume and
value OF national production
will soar, making possible
greater expenditures by the
Government because of in
creased Federal revenue
without increased taxes.
The President-elect has
shown his courage. first in
the winning Of the Democra-
tic presidential nomination.
He went out and fought for
it. when a half dozen other
potential candidates hung
back. He also fought hard in
the campaign now closed. If
he finds that the grandiose
plans advocated by some of
his supporters-or rather,
most Of them-threaten the
economy of the country,
threaten the value of the
dollar and threaten disas-
trouS imitation, he may show
the same courage and call a
Evening star., 1960-11-09
VSTAS IN SCIENCE
Brain Glands Aid Body Function
By THOMAS R. HENRY

be started by various emo
tional experiences, adding Q
further complication to the
little understood brain-body
relationship.
A synthetic penicillin which
appears considerably superior
to the natural product, Q
mould secretion. now is be-
ing tested by scientists Of the
National Institute Of Infec-
tious Diseases of the Public
Health Service.
It is. according to the re-
port Of Drs. David Rifkind
and Vernon Knight uf the
institute staff, almost COM
pletely resistant to destruc-
tion by body chemicals and
resistance to its effects
against germs does not de-
velop.
They report administering
the drug. recently developed
in England. to ten patients
with a variety of severe
streptococcal and staphyl-
ococcal infections. Typical
was the case of a young
housewife who had been
treated for a bad blood stream
infection with ordinary
penicillin and a variety Of
other effect whatever. Treat
ment for 81 days with the
new drug brought about an
uneventful and sustained
recovery.
Boys Care Cited
Another patient. a 9-year-
old boy, had suffered re-
current staphylcoccal blood
infections for most of his
life. There had been ten epi-
sodes of pneumonia, four
blood infections and innu-
merable abcesses. The new
drug resulted in complete dis
appearance of fever and heal
ing of al abcesses.
Present difficulties in treat
ment of severe staphylcoccal
infections, the doctors report,
are due largely to developed
resistance by the germs to
the older penicillin, making
even huge doses ineffective.
In contrast the new drug
thus far has proven against
all strains of staphylcocci
tested and against large
of these germs.
The older penicillins and
similar anti-biotics, the In
stitute reports, apparently
result eventually in building
up anti-bodies against them
in the blood stream. Nothing
Of the kind has been found
in response to the new drug.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
Down to the Wire

At o'clock this morning there was
every indication that John F. Kennedy
will be the next President of the United
States. Mr.. Nixon had not formally con-
.ceded the election, but there was no
trend In sight which threatened to alter
the prospect of Kennedy victory. That
"tide" which the Vice President, in the
closing week of the campaign, said was
running his way proved to be real, not
visionary. It was impressively evident,
for example, in Ohio. But it was not
deep enough or strong enough to sweep
the Republican candidate into the White
House.
What is the nature of the apparent
Kennedy triumph? Before anyone can
be sure, the voting patterns will have to
be carefully studied. At the moment,
however, it seems clearly "big city"
victory. The efficient Democratic or
ganizations in such places as Philadel-
phia, Chicago, Baltimore and New York
came through in convincing fashion. So
did the "bloc" voting groups. The reli-
giouS issue, which kept the pollsters
guessing, does not appear to have played
as large part as expected. Nevertheless,
on balance, it looks as though Senator
Kennedy was the beneficiary of this
tissue" winning heavy Catholic major
tiles in key areas, including many nor
mally Republican communities.
It is going to be very difficult, how
ever, for even the most optimistic
Democratic liberal" to discover a man
date IN the returns. AS Of this morning
1t appeared that Senator Kennedy's
popular vote majority will be razor thin.
And in too many States for Democratic
comfort the voters recorded their pref
erence for the conservatism, or rather
the relative conservatism, of Mr.. Nixon
and the Republican program. Our guess
is that the next administration, in deal
ing with Congress in which the Repub-
licans registered gains despite the ma
tional trend, will think it both desirable
and necessary to exercise Self-reStraint,
and to tone down campaign promises in
accordance with the facts of political
life as revealed in the big popular vote
for Mr.. Nixon.
These next four years, however, will
f1nd all Of us concerned only secondarily
with domestic questions. What will mat
ter most will be the position of the
United States in world that is filled
with danger, world in which the Com
munist challenge will press down upon
us even harder and more perilously than
in the past. Happily, the hard-fought
campaign now ended produced no sig
nif1cant cracks in the structure of
American unity. Where divergences ap-
peared, they were largely reconciled by
both candidates before election day.
And so it can be said with confidence
that the people of the United States
will stand strongly behind the next
President in those matters which bear
upon the very survival of our country.
Here, it is not question of what is
desirable. National unity in the face
Of the enemy, a resolute and common
front, is an imperative necessity, not
only for our generation but for those
which will follow.
Evening star., 1960-11-09

There are endocrine glands
distributed through the brain.
They supply hormones. body
chemicals with extremely
potent effects in minute
amounts like thyroxine, or
precursors Of hormones to the
pituitary gland near the base
Of the brain which has been
called the "body's dictator"
These glands" are single
brain cells, or very minute
groups Of cells, which Sc
crete droplets of fluid Of some
sort which fall on the pitui-
tary. They are found in all
vertebrates, including man.
They have been studied in
tensively for the first time by
scientists Of the National In
stitute Of Neurological Dis
eases Of the Public Health
Service. They have worked
especially with brain cells of
goldfish. which offered GER
tain advantages.
The work has just heen re-
ported by DR.. Sanford L.
Palay of the institute staff at
an in ernational conference
at Deli. Holland.
Mostly in Brain Region
The institute studies show,
DR.. Palay said, that these
cells, found mostly in the
brain region just in front Of
that which is concerned with
seeing. Of the brains eyes,"
produce two types of droplets
which probably are chemi-
cally different and have diff
ferent functions. Tiny clusters
of such cells were found.
Monographs of individual
cells showed a central zone
composed of several parts.
Mum erous small, dense,
spherical droplets enclosed in
membranes were identified as
the neurosecretary granules.
These droplets were less than
a millionth Of an inch in di-
ameter, with a few somewhat
larger.
Further observations, DR..
Palay told the International
conference, show that the two
kinds of droplets rise from
different parts of the Drain
cell. However. only the small
droplet form has been found
in the nerve fiber leading to
the pituitary. The larger ones
may be concerned with ether
functions of intercellular me-
tabolism.
Whether the secretion
from these cells is contin-
uous is not known. It may
Evening star., 1960-11-09
PARIS.

6Afb1O.
A measure Of interest, un-
certainty and caution with
which our friends abroad
have followed the election
campaign is to be found in
two books being published
by the prestigious House Of
Plon, which also handles the
memoirs of President de
Gaulle..
Both books were written
by Nicolas Chatelain, WASH
ington correspondent for
Figaro.
One Is entitled President
Kennedy-A New Wave in
the White House?" The 9TH
er Is called President Nixon
"A New Wave in the White
House?" Today one is on its
way to the bookstalls. The
other is headed for the. ash
can.
Even for less conservative
students Of American politics
than Plon, the campaign has
had its puzzling side. The
best efforts Of dozens Of Spe-
cial correspondents have not
quite succeeded in explaining
away the mysteries Of these
recurring American tribal
rites. Or making it clear to
the average European what
stake, If any, he has In the
outcome.
Part Of the confusion no
doubt arises from the idea
constantly repeated through
out the campaign that Amer
lean foreign policy was an
issue Of decisive Importance
IN this election.
American foreign policy,
after all. is q subject which
Europeans pretend, with jus
tiflcation, to know something
about. And they have
searched in vain and with
growing Illustration for some
inkling Of the great choice
that was being presented to
the American voter.
No Real Choice
The impression has been
that, apart from q few abor-
tive attempts to create q
foreign policy issue, no real
choice was presented. The
candidates managed to argue
heatedly enough over the
results Of certain programs
and policies Of previous ad-
ministrations. They could
trade verbal blows over the
relative strength Of Russia
and the United States or
the level Of American pres
tige abroad. But when it
came to what the candidates
themselves proposed to do
about these things the argu-
ment boiled down to the
question Of which man was
better qualified to reach the
same goal.
Even on the question Of
Evening star., 1960-11-09
Local Affair

How nice the District is
going to have a new inspec-
ton station. I see that the
District Director of Motor
Vehicles (who is a resident
of Maryland) is going to as
sist Miss Washington" (who
is a resident of Maryland) to
cut the ribbon opening the
new station which was made
necessary because the one in
Southwest has to be torn
down to make way for the
Southwest Freeway which was
needed to speed Virginia mo-
torists into the District.
G. M. b.
Evening star., 1960-11-09

his confidence that this viii b O Nation
united behind the next President in
meeting the challenges of our time. This
is the American way, the man from
Whittier said, and 1t will be so tomor-
row. 1t is fortunate, and 1t is true. And
it is good that Mr.. Nixon chose to say
it, even before the hour for authoritative
claims Of victory or concessions of
defeat.
Evening star., 1960-11-09

Q.-What were the assets
Of the three biggest indus
trial corporations and insur-
ance companies at the out
break of World War II, and
what are their assets now?-
B. H.
AIN December. 1912, the
industrial corporations with
greatest assets were Stand
ard Oil Of New Jersey. Cen
eral Motors and United
States Steel Corp. The in
surance companies with
greatest assets were Metro.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
LETTERS TO THE STAR

people think. They dare not
consider that men and ma
tions are responsible to their
consciences and to God, that
each person is in some way
unlike any other human
being. The weight of public
opinion is important, but not
to the exclusion of all other
moral considerations. The
deeds and thoughts of men
Of high principle may not get
a great score on the tabu-
lators. but they are more
likely to be indicators of
greatness, and pollsters leave
this out in their quest for the
common denominator.
Elizabeth Blystone.
Evening star., 1960-11-09

politan Life, Prudential and
New York Life. Assets Of
these companies in Deem
ber. 1912, and December,
1859, were reported as fol-
lows: Standard of New Jer-
sey, 1922 and $3.50 billion;
General Motors, $1.74 and
$3.50 billion; United States
Steel, $2.12 and SAT- billion;
Metropolitan, $500 and
$17.14 billion; Prudential,
$4.92 and 1856 billion! New
York Life, $3.14 and $6.92
billion.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
'Doggone'
Elizabeth BlystOne.

We read your editorial,
"Doggone," of November 4.
The Tail Waggers' Club ap-
plauds your friendly tribute
to "well-educated dogs.
though you admit Tail wag-
gers tend to be a little casual
in their interest in mathema-
tics or parsing sentences"
We would like you to know
that the Tail-Waggers' Club
of Washington not only con-
ducts a non-profit animal
clinic, but also spring and
fall dog obedience training
classes. We think a disci-
plined dog makes a good and
acceptable citizen.
A Director of the Tall
Waggers' Club.
Evening star., 1960-11-09
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKINS SERVIl

reader get an answer By mail to question ei fact
stamped envelope
Kodiak mirror. [volume] (Kodiak, Alaska) 1940-1976, 1960-10-29

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