davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-09-21
He'll Talk Out
On Defenses,
KennedySays
Tennessee Crowd
Hears Nominee
Hit Nixon PIeu

WITH KENNEDY m TEN
NESSEE, Sept. 81 (AP).-Sena-
tor Kennedy said today it is
much better for Nikita Khru-
shchev and Fidel Castro to hear
the voice of political opposition
in America than to be greeted
by silence about the state of
Americas defenseS.
Senator Kennedy. the Demo-
cratic presidential nominee,
spoke of the Soviet Unions
premier and Cuba's revolu-
tionary leader in a campaign
address to about 1000 at the
Knoxville Municipal Airport.
This was the second time
since arriving in Tennessee
during the morning that he
had rejected the call of his Re-
publican rival, Vice President
Nixon. for a moratorium On a
talk about any weakness in
the American defense setup.
Mr.. Nixon proposed a ban
for the duration of Mr.. Khru--
shchev's stay in New York for
the United Nations General
Assembly.
Sees iva Strength
Senator Kennedy said: "Ill
never call IVA creeping social
ism. 1t is the source of
strength. not only for the Ten
neSsee Valley, but for the
country as a whole"
He said the iva was a great
example of the initiative of
the people of this country. He
said it showed how the indus
trious people of the Tennessee
Valley could change an area
into one of the most indus
trious portions of the Nation.
The Tri-Cities Airport, site
of the speech, is close to the
juncture of four States-North
Carolina, Kentucky and Vir-
ginia in addition to Tennessee,
so the stop was billed as a
four-State rally.
Audience Near 1900
In his talk, Senator Kennedy
said he supports President
Eisenhower in defense of the
country against anti-American
Khrushchey propaganda.
But he said that it would be
"far more hazardous and far
more dangerous" for him to re-
main silent if-as he feels
Americas defense need bolster
ing in the face of the Commu-
mist threat.
State police estimated his
audience at about IL 900.
The candidate told the crowd
the Democratic program gives
no comfort at all to Khru-
shchev or Castro"
Our program" he went on,
sis to build the strength of this
country and to build its domes-
tic economy"
Senator Kennedy is seeking
to WOO Tennessee back into the
Democratic fold in the presi-
dental election. The States II
electoral votes went to Presi-
dent Eisenhower over Adlai
Stevenson in 1852 and 1856.
In a speech prepared for a
Nashville rally-one of four
stops in the State-he referred
to the Tennessee Valley Au.
thority as q monument to the
Nations courage and. capacity
"and as a reminder that the
past eight years have been
stagnation and retreat in nearly
all aspects of our national life" "
Renewing a pledge to work
for development of the Nations s
resources, Senator Kennedy
said such action "is not only
important to America at home
it is vital to the cause of
peace throughout the world.
All over the globe, new and
struggling nations are working
See KENNEDY, Page A-4
Evening star., 1960-09-21
Premier Greets Friend

Before the proceedings began
half an hour late, Premier
Khrushchev hustled across the
floor, using the dais as a high
way, to greet his young friend,
Premier Castro. The two en-
Evening star., 1960-09-21
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Evening star., 1960-09-21
THE WE Full Report
on Pose Az

District and vicinity-Fair and somewhat
cooler tonight, low around so. Fair and
not much change in temperature tomor-
row. High and low temperatures of last "a
hours: High, 81, at 4:05 pm. yesterday;
low, 81, at $50 am. today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
He's a ReoHst

But Mr.. Rockefeller is some
thing of a realiSt. The chances of
upsetting Mr.. Nixon are extremely
slim.
The Republican vice presiden-
tial nomination is the only. ap-
parently unknown quantity as the
party prepares for it's convention
in Chicago a week from tomorrow.
Henry Cabot Lodge, Ambassador
to the United Nations, and Sena-
tor Morton of Kentucky. are lead
ing candidates. Both men have
had plenty of practice slugging
the opposition - Mr.. Lodge, the
Russians, and Mr.. Norton the
Democrats.
Should Mr.. Morton be selected
it would mean that all four candi-
dates on the two tickets would be
sitting in the Senate chamber
early in August when Congress
reconvenes. There had already
been warnings that the session,
coming as it is after the conven-
tons, would be a political circus.
But the Democrats have indi-
Gated a strategy that might not
be so funny to the Republicans.
This would be to use their over
whelming majorities to pass ex-
pensive welfare legislation which
they could feel reasonably sure
would draw veto from President
Eisenhower. They could then 60
to the people and charge that a
Republican administration had
blocked progress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

level within an influential Latin
American government over the
detectives of international COM
munism. This is the kind of mes
sage which could weigh heavily
with the Cubans for it comes not
from the United States the Co
lossus of the North"-but from
other Latin Americans.
Cuba may we'll be in for a Jolt,
also, at the United Nations. It's
able Foreign Minister, Raul Roa,
on Monday complained that the
United States is guilty of threats.
harasSment, intrigues, reprisals
and aggressive acts against his
country. The assertion was de-
MED by Ambassador Henry Cabot
Lodge.
If the Cubans press for U. N.
action, it is believed that inter-
national body may well refer the
complaint to the Organization of
American States. Cuba is one of
the 81 nations which signed the
GAS Charter providing, among
other things, that hemisphere dis
putes are referred to the GAS
before submission to U. N. And If
the Cuban complaint goes to the
Council of GAS, Cuba would not
be assured of automatic support
from a Communist bloc, such as
it would have in the U. N.
With tensions mounting, Presi-
dent Eisenhower announced the
broad outlines of the new Latin
American assistance program he
will present to Congress when it
reconveneS next month. The idea
is to provide several hundred mil
lion dollars in special funds to
raise living conditions throughout
the hemisphere-except in Cuba.
If Congress approves the plan,
vast project will be launched for
home-building, land distribution
and generally better standards for
a mushrooming populace.
Authoritative sources have indi-
Gated the money made available
under this program will be in the
form of loans, although some of
the money may be repaid in local
currencies. Cuba would be ex-
COntinued-tn Page Ca
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

sion to this hemisphere of a des-
potic political system contrary to
the independent status Of Ameri-
can States. and this is supported
by the inter-American system
through the Organization of
American States.
The United States also scored
Premier Khrushchev's TRADES as a
naked menace to world peace"
1t accused him of abrogating unto
himself the power to determine
which international agreements
should not be binding-even when
the Soviet Union is not a party to
those agreements.
The United States also derided
Premier Khrushchev for trying to
undermine the treaty with Cuba
covering the important naval base
at Guantanamo Bay.
Meanwhile, Washington enlisted
the support of other Latin Amer
lean governments in its trouble
some differences with the Fidel
Castro regime. There appeared
to be more than coincidence in the
fact that Peru advocated a meet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

Bobby, "a, as his campaign man.
ager and Senator Henry Jackson.
48, Chairman of the Democratic
National Committee.
In sum, the Democrats have
nominated a formidable ticket,
one calculated to regain lost
Southern electoral votes and to
pull strongly in the North and
West. If Kennedy Johnson can
take the Solid South's 1913 votes
and the minimum Of % likely in
New England. they would heed
only lib more to reach the 269
necessary to win.
With Mr.. Nixon, like Mr.. Ken
nedy, bold, experienced and tire
less campaigner, very likely to
head the Republican ticket, the
campaign will be tough, skilIfully
fought and probably close. Mr..
Khrushchev and the Sino-Soviet
planners may have big influence
on how America votes. Continued
threats Of aggression and insults
aimed at the United States prob
ably would aid Mr.. Nixon. II the
Communists turn off their venom
and turn on the charm, Mr.. Ken
nedy probably would gain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Republicans:
RockySoys No

Gov. Rockefeller reiterated
last week that he would not &C
cept the Republican nomination
for Vice President.
After Lyndon johnson was
offered and accepted the Demo-
cratic nomination for Vice Presi-
dent-a double headed surprise to
most observers-many Republic
cans resurrected hopes of their
own dream ticket" of Nixon and
Rockefeller.
They argued that if Mr.. john
son, who is farther apart from
Mr.. Kennedy in the political
philosophy spectrum than Mr..
Nixon is from Mr.. Rockefeller, was
willing to give up his powerful
post as Senate Majority Leader in
order to promote party unity, the
New York Governor could be ex-
pected to do the same for the
G. o. P.
These hopes received a quick
dash of ice water from Mr.. Rookie
Teller on Friday. He repeated for
the umpteenth time that he would
not take second place.
He may, Of course, be holding to
this position because he expects to
make a desperate last-minute bid
for the presidential nomination.
His name is very likely to go
before the convention in opposi-
ton to Mr.. Nixon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Too Many Guns

Mr.. Kennedy, cool, confident
and courageous, had too many
guns for the opposition. He adj
mittedly began running for the
nomination four years ago, after
his narrow defeat by Senator Ke-
fauver of Tennessee for the vice
presidential spot. He had superb
organization, down to the grass
roots. He had ample funds. He
had won all seven primary cleo
tons, tests Of strength avoided by
all the candidates who remained
alive at convention time.
He demonstrated articulateness
and keen grasp of both domestic
and international problems. He
Is handsome and his wife is beau
tiful. Politically. he is what might
be called a moderate liberal, a
combination which makes him
agreeable to the leaders Of Big
Labor and just right for Demo-
cratic organization chieftains.
No other candidate could claim
anywhere near this list of assets.
Senator johnson, who ran a
deceptively strong race, with 400
votes on the first and only ballot,
is recognized as a supremacy able
leader in the Senate, a man Of
maturity and experience. But he
could not, as predicted by objec-
tive analysts from the outset,
break out Of his Southern Border
State bastion,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

eight years with Mr.. Eisenhower.
He can brighten the prospects
for the return to the fold of Ten
nessee, Virginia and Florida. And
he doubtless will be a moderatihg
influence on the hot-heads in sew
eral Southern States who have
been talking about boiling the
party.
Many Southern leaders see the
advantage of having a man of Mr..
Johnson's vigor. ambition and
moderate leanings in the position
of Vice President. There he would
participate in National Security
Council meetings and other high
Government councils where his
influence could be felt. AS the
Senate's presiding officer, he
could maintain a powerful con-
gressional role. Then, too, he
would be just that lone heartbeat"
away from the presidency.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Only Real Surprise

This was the situation which
the new nominee faced late
Wednesday evening when his next
order Of business was to pick his
own candidate for the vice presi-
Dental post. The defeated Mr..
Symington was widely regarded as
the likely choice, with Senator
Henry Jackson of Washington, a
-football-playing buddy of
Mr.. Kennedy's, a definite con-
tender.
But the next day, the only real
surprise of the convention, which
at times seemed to be thorough
ly confused and poorly handled
affair, was sprung. Mr.. Kennedy.
taking charge Immediately, an
nounced that he had selected Mr..
johnson as his running mate and
that the Texan had agreed.
This was something Of a mas
ter stroke. 1t gave, the Democrats
their version Of a dream ticket"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Ammo for G. 0.

The vice presidency no longer is
the relatively obscure Office it was
when the beloved weep" Alben
Barley, told the story of the two
brothers. One, he said, went to
sea and the other became Vice
President and neither was ever
heard from again. If Mr.. John
son is elected and times and con-
ditionS change so that he can win
supporters among party leaders in
the North, he could become the
heir apparent.
Although the Kennedy-Johnson
ticket appears by all odds to be
the strongest one the Democrats
could have put together, some
things Mr.. johnson and other
Democratic leaders said about the
Bostonian have provided the Re-
publicanS with some potent cam
paign ammunition and help.
There was, for example, the
charge by former President Tru-
man that the convention was
fixed for Senator Kennedy. He
sulked at his home in Independ-
ence, Mo-, rather than go to Los
Angeles.
Then there was the repeated
emphasis on Mr.. Kennedy's age,
his youthful appearance and
alleged lack of maturity and ex-
perience. Mr. johnson was the
leader on this one.
Finally, there was the reli-
gioaS question, raised openly by
a woman who has a worldwide
reputation as a liberal and an
idealist This was Mrs. Eleanor
Roosevelt She told a news con-
ference that Mr.. Kennedy's Ca
tholiclsm would lose him valuable
votes and added the observation
that she doubted he could carry
the Negro vote.
Of course, there will be a reli-
gious issue for some voters in some
sections of the country. But for
Mrs. Roosevelt to resurrect it after
the West Virginia primary cleo
ton had Debated it. will not help
the Kennedy (Democratic) cause.
Perhaps Mr.. Kennedy had Mrs.
Roosevelt'S remarks in mind
when, in his acceptance speech, he
again asserted his belief in the
complete separation of church and
state.
The speech. which featured a
slashing attack on Mr.. Nixon and
an assertion he would offer the
American people sacrifices rather
than promises, indicated some
thing Of the theme and strategy of
his coming campaign.
His emphasis on youth and new
leadership was undersigned later
when he named his Brother,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

ing Of American foreign ministers
to consider Russian threats in the
hemisphere-and that Argentina
formally asked the Cuban govern
ment to disavow ties with COM
muniSm.
Until now the political leaders
of other Latin American countries
have been unwilling to speak out
sharply against Mr.. Castro be-
cause they know the bearded
revolutionary still is the popular
hero with the man in the street
and peasants on the farm. New
ertheleSs, they have grown in
creasingly alarmed at his pro-
Communist course.
So, when Premier Khrushchev
sounded off in a series of thun-
derous threats, they were pre-
sented with an excellent oppor-
tunity to aim their public criticism
at the Russians, and only indi-
rectly at the Cuban dictator.
In the GAS Council meeting
yesterday, Is of the Latin Ameri-
can governments and the United
States spoke out for the Peru
plan to summon their foreign
ministers for a review of the
Communist threat to the hemi-
sphere. At least two other nations
are expected to support the idea
when a vote is taken tomorrow.
And, perhaps significantly, the
Cuban statement to the council
was Unexpectedly mild.
Earlier in the week spokesman
for the Cuban regime reacted
violently to an expression of con-
Germ by Argentina.
Argentina instructed it's Ambas-
sador in Havana to inform the
Castro regime that it is seriously
preoccupied" with recent threats
of intervention in the Western
Hemisphere. 1t asked Cuba to de-
clare disapproval of any state
ments which might be construed
as interference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
PoIoris::
Historic Test

The Nays POlaris missile
was fired successfully again. on
Friday. II faces critical test
tomorrow.
Almost IS years to the day since
the United States exploded the
worlds first nuclear bomb in the
desert at Alamagordo, N. Mex, the
Navy is preparing to test for the
first time its deadly new missile
delivery system which could bring
atomic fire down on an enemy
from virtually invulnerable posi-
ton.
Tomorrow, off the coast of Flor
ida, Polaris missile, placed
aboard the new nuclear-p powered
submarine George Washington,
will be test-fired from deep in the
oceans depths.
The Navy is confident Of Sue
cess. Many Polarises have been
fired from ship Simulators on land
and from a pop-up device aboard
the surface vessel. Observation
Island.
The George Washington is due
to become operational with a full
supply of 16 missiles sometime in
october. Another submarine will
be ready for deployment before
the end of the year.
In an emergency, however, the
Navy, according to Admiral Ar
leigh A. Burke. Chief OF Naval
Operations, could put the George
Washington to sea within two
weeks with supply of modified
test missiles that could do the Job
assigned it. This should be a com
forting note to Americans and a
SOLDERING one for the world's<No. 1
rocket RATHER, Nikita Khrushchev.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

second place when he observed
that he would not decline to serve
his country wherever he thought
he could help the country and his
party. And this was his explana-
ton of why he accepted the Ken
nedy bid.
Interestingly enough Senator
Thruston Morton. Chairman of
the Republican National Commit
tee, declared on June 80 that a
deal" had been made on a Ken
nedy- johnson ticket.)
If Mr.. Kennedy had taken much
of the fire out of the incipient
Southern revolt by putting their
hero within a heart beat of the
White House Tin the event of a
Democratic triumph in Novem-
ber), he provoked disappointment
and anger among some labor and
liberal delegates.
These anti-Johnson men warned
that the party would run into diff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
THE FOREIGN SCENE
Firner line on Russians

The United States fOrcefully
reaffirmed the Monroe Doctrine
as basic policy for the Western
Hemisphere.
1t became clear last week that
President Eisenhower and the
State Department had resolved
to pursue much firmer line with
respect to Soviet Russia.
Nikita S. Khrushchev, the So
Wet Premier, has been talking not
only ostentatiously but more men,
acingly than usual. AS if to di-
vert American attention from the
Democratic National Convention
IN Los Angeles, the Communist
chieftain told a group Of school,
teachers in Moscow he would toll
crate no United States interfer-
ence in Cuba.
The Soviet boss avowed he
would launch rockets against tar
gets in the United States If this
country interviewed in the nearby
Caribbean island with which we
had excellent relations until Fidel
Castro's Red tinged revolution
took charge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

Vice President does little to draw
votes to the ticket beyond his own
home State. The Democrats
turned to another Protestant
Southerner and Senate Majority
Leader in 1923 when they nomi-
mated the only other Catholic in
American history, Gov. Alfred E.
Smith of New York, for the presi-
dency. This man was Senator
Joseph Robinson of Arkansas.
Four Southern States broke away
from the Solid South to vote for
the Republican, Herbert Hoover.
But Lyndon Johnson is a ma
tional figure and a real power in
his party, dominating, as he has
for the last six years, the legisla-
tive processes of the Senate. With
his name on the ticket, even in
second place, he very probably can
bring his home State of Texas and
her "a electoral votes back into
the Democratic column after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Ike Responds

President Eisenhower, reported
ly with nudge from Vice Presi-
dent Nixon, promptly warned Mr..
Khrushchev to keep his own hands
of Of Cuba. In effect, the Presi-
dent said the United States still
subscribed to its 137-year-old
Monroe Doctrine.
Last Tuesday, Premier Khru-
shchev asserted the Monroe Doc
trine was dead. Two days later
the State Department fired its
answer. The doctrine, 1t said in
a carefully prepared statement ap-
proved by Mr.. Eisenhower, is as
valid as it was when President
James Monroe enunciated it in
1928. In short. it said, the United
States will not permit intrusion
into this hemisphere by outside
powers. including Communist
Russia.
The purpose Of the Monroe Doc
trine, the State Department de-
clared, is 10 prevent any extern
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17

The Democratic Party last
week named . North South
ticket of Senator John F. Ken
nedy Of Massachusetts for Presi.
dent and Senator Lyndon b.
johnson Of Texas for Vice Presi-
dent.
On Wednesday morning, the day
Of the balloting for presidential
nominee, a rash Of news stories
came pouring out of the Democra-
tic convention town Of Los Angeles
to the effect that the Kennedy
bandwagon had run into bumpy
terrain and might yet be halted.
Perhaps the reports grew out Of
the information media, mans al
ways present hunger for new an
giles, fresh leads. Perhaps it was
the infectious enthusiasm of the
ubiquitous, highly emotional par
tisans of Adlai E. Stevenson, the
man who supposedly could stop
Kennedy. if anyone could.
But IL hours later, after the roll
call Of States began, it became
quickly clear that the reports were
simply a timid, if unconscious,
hedge against a miracle. To para
phrase q well-known Texas cam
paign cry, it was "JFK All the
Way"
The Democrats had not broken
any precedents or records but they
came close when they named Cd
their youngest (40 presidential
candidate since the nomination of
Williams Jennings Bryan at So in
1895; ca the second Roman Cath
Ole ever to carry the standard Of
a major party in a United States
election, and 90 the first member
Of the Senate since the Republic
cans nominated Warren G. Hard
ing in 1920.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-07-17
Six Big Ones

Senator Symington, the other
avowed candidate, generated no
real enthusiasm beyond the Dor
ders of his home State of Missouri
despite hard campaigning all over
the country. He fizzled. Adlai E.
Stevenson, who lost twice to
Dwight D. Eisenhower, was not an
avowed candidate, but he became
as active as any Of the others in
the final week. He was the SEN
timental favorite of a group Of
vocal but voteless supporters who
packed the galleries. He was
swamped.
Mr.. Kennedy garnered more
than half the required 761 votes
from just six States, although SO
contributed to his winning total.
Each Of the Big Six was East Of
the Mississippi River and North of
the Mason-Dixon line. They were
New York, 104.5; Pennsylvania,
60; Ohio, "a; Illinois, els: Mich
igan, 42.5, and Massachusetts, Al.
The Kennedy nomination
pleased every section of the coun-
try but the South, which the night
before stood by helplessly as a
party platform with a super
strong civil rights plank was
adopted by the convention in a
voice vote.
The fact that Mr.. Kennedy fully
supported the platform and is a
Roman Catholic provoked warn
ings that the South could not 60
along with the party in 1860.
Delegates from several States said
they doubted the Bostonian could
win in their areas. Gov. Price
Daniel Of Texas, one of Mr.. john
sons key hackers, indicated angrily
that he would not campaign for
Mr.. Kennedy. And South Caro-
lima tried desperately to prevent
his nomination by reclamation.