davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-18
Regret Voiced
By Powers
Called Factor
U-2 Flyers Manner
In Court Also
Held Favorable

w AAN5' AZ NEA4 , -
Francis Gary Powers Rus b
sian defense attorney expressed
hope today the Soviet military
court trying the American U-2
pilot will be lenient with him.
The attorney, Mikhail /.
Griniov, made the comment as
the trial ended its second day
with testimony of Soviet ex-
perts who attacked Powers
contention that he was only a
pilot acting under orders and
not a true spy.
Mr.. Griniov told Powers
family he based his hope for
leniency on the pilots behavior
during his trial, together with
his expressed regret and re-
pentance over the May l fight
that landed him in Russian
hands, 1900 miles inside the
Soviet Union.
Mr.. Griniov is court
appointed attorney, and the
informal view he expressed
could reflect official Soviet
thinking. The Moscow radio
was telling its listeners today
that Powers shows signs of
true repentance, and this
makes a clear distinction be-
tween him and those who sent
him"
Reiterates He Is Sorry
The U-2 pilot completed his
own testimony in 80 minutes
on the stand today. He re-
iterated that he was sorry he
made the May Day U-2 flight.
He told his Soviet judges he
did not think at the time that
the flight might torpedo the
Paris summit conference or
provoke a military conflict.
1t is the Soviet view that the
Powers, flight torpedoed the
summit. while the United
States contends that Premier
Nikita S. Khrushchev's reac-
tion to the flight, including in
sistence that President Eisen-
hover apologize. was respon-
sible for breaking up the May
16 meeting in Paris. +
The second days session
ended at $40 pm.
| The trial resumes tomorrow
with prospects that it will be
completed before nightfall.
In questioning today 1t. Gen.
Victor Borisoglebsky, chairman
of the three-judge military
court, brought from Powers
the comment that he thought
he had done the United States
a disService by the U-2 fight. /.
Challenges Experts
! Powers listened, largely with
his arms folded and little
change of expression, to testi-
mony of Soviet investigators
on technical aspects of his
planes equipment and purpose.
They charged the fight was
planned. premediated and ag-
gressive.
! The flyer challenged two of
the experts.
He disputed the testimony
OF 1t. Col. Yuri Tyuflin that
he flew a plane without Ameri-
can national identification
marks.
! Powers insisted his plane
once had markings and that
they might have been covered
over by paint.
3 r always saw it with iden-
tification marks" he said.
The Russian expert was
obliged to agree that marks
might have been painted out.
See POWER, Page AS
Evening star., 1960-08-18
Echo Brings Hazards

KINGSPORT, Tenn. Aug.
18 (AP).-Police investigating
report of a prowler at a resi-
dence here found only a next
door neighbor, scanning the
sky. Il was just watching for
the echo u satellite" the sur
prised man explained.
Evening star., 1960-08-18
Fu|brightWeighsP Probe
OF Nixon Aides Action
Questions Use Of State Dept Funds
After G. O.P Attack on Kennedy
By the Associated Press

Senator Fulbrght Democrat of Arkansas said today he
considering investigation possible influence by
Republican campaign aide "n the distribution
partment funds
Senator Fubright chairman of the Foreign Relations
Committee said he will talk associates about the de-
Evening star., 1960-08-18

Today and every Thursday
be sure to shop The Stars
complete food section for
all your week end and week
long food needs.
You'll find this convenient
section your best guide to
the widest variety of food
bargains in town. For saw
ings galore
SHOP THE STAR
BEFORE you BUY
Evening star., 1960-08-18
TESTIMONY HIGHLIGHTS

MOSCOW, Aug. 1S (APJ-Highlights from direct testi-
ony OF Francis Gary PouerS in the second day of his eSpo
mage trial
Evening star., 1960-08-18
TILE WEAFuED, Full Report
I'LL VLAIHEN. on Pase Az

District and vicinity-Partly cloudy to-
night with the low in the upper Co.'S Con-
siderable cloudineSs, little change in tenn
perature tomorrow. High and low of last
"a hours: High, 81. at 2:45 pm. yesterday;
low, 66, at $50 am. today.
Evening star., 1960-08-18
Guide for Readers

Have The Stor Delivered to
Your Home Daily and Sunday
DioI Lincoln $4,000
Evening star., 1960-06-03
william S WHITE
For More Practical Foreign Trips

tions which was to wind
through a reSplendent sum-
NIT meeting and to end in
a presidential visit to Mos
COW itself.
Inquiry among the people
here who ought to know
shows them divided as to
whether the Communists are
preparing big or only small
trouble in the Orient. One
responsible view is that a
genuine outbreak may be
expected, probably not in
the small off-shore islands
around Formosa but more
likely in what used to be
French Indo-China until
Communist inf1ltrators cut it
to bits.
Another view, and one no
less responsible, is that the
Asian Communists intend
not actual war action but
only a series of alarms and
haraSSments to throw the
West further of balance
while it tries to recover from
the shock of the lost summit.
Whichever view is right. it
is entirely relevant to the
Presidents new Journey
abroad.
Evening star., 1960-06-03
No Kowtowing President for u. S.

presSure-moStly from DEM
ocratic Party stargazers -
that attendance at the sum-
NIT was somehow equivalent
to an assurance of world
peace and that an Ameri-
can President couldn't re-
fuse to go to such meetings.
Meanwhile, Nikita Khru-
shchev demonstrates effec-
lively the fallacies of the
summit conference idea by
his distortions and misrep-
reservations about what hap
pened recently at Paris. He
now says he would have been
willing to meet with Presi-
dent Eisenhower in a per-
sonal conference but got no
encouragement. The truth is
he issued an ultimatum and
demanded the humiliation of
the President as the price of
a consultation at Paris. The
Soviet dictator, moreover,
does not explain why he re-
fused to do business with the
Prime Minister of Great Brit
ain and the President of
France, who did meet with
him.
The best way to avoid war
is to stand firm against
summit meetings or any
other form of appeasement.
If the British and French
leaders want to meet with the
Soviet Premier and work out
an agreement on any Euro
pean problem, the United
States can promise to ex-
anime such an agreement
after it is formulated. To
bow and scrape before Nikita
Khrushchev, however, is as
certain to lead to war as the
concessions made in 1888 at
Munich led to war with
Hitler.
That's the real issue which
the American people will wish
to examine, especially if any
candidate makes part of his
platform a promised express
sion of regret" to Mr.. Khru-
shchev or any other form of
apology, or if any candidate
promises to appoint as Sec
retary Of State any man
willing to appease the Com
munist regime in Moscow.
lcopyrisht, 196O)
Evening star., 1960-06-03

Hard, practical presidential
travel for thoroughly
planned, concrete and quite
limited objectives, yes. But
no more vaguely hopeful jet
liner trips for underlined
good will" objectives so
shimmeringly lofty as to be
neither clear nor attainable.
Thus has the foreign policy
of the United States been
turned rightabout in the
wake Of the summit confer
ence that never was.
President Eisenhower's
forthcoming 23,000-mile mis-
sion to the Orient signals
more than a shift in the To-
Gus of Washington'S concern
from West to East. 1t will be
for other reasons a vastly diff
ferent mission from the one
he took late last year. Then
he paid calls to countries in
all sorts of categories-pro-
Western, baSically anti-West-
ern, neutralist.
This time the President is
going to see Allied peoples
only-and this time he goes
in a far different mood than
the mood in which he went
before. This time he has
specific aims which are open
to specific and measurable
accomplishment. Here are the
main points in the new itin-
erary, where in each case
there is no doubt whatever
as to just what the President
hopes to achieve:
Japan-1. To strengthen a
pro-Western regime which is
under heavy attack from
angry home minorities for
having negotiated the new
security treaty with the
United States. 2. To show
in the clearest way that the
United States will not let
down a Japan which is now
being threatened with Soviet
Evening star., 1960-06-03
Senator'S Gains During the Week
Called Lesson for Stevenson

legislature which rural con-
servatives have been able to
dominate by reason of
thorough-going gerrymanders
over a long period Of years.
His bad luck as a national
figure is that his major ally,
President Walter Reuther of
the United Automobile Work.
ers, is so controversial. Mr..
Reuther is an important ally,
but not boss, and the Will
liams strength outside De-
troit has been amazing. But
the Reuther tie has been his
undoing as a presidential
possibility.
His party still knows that
Gov. Williams acceptance of
Senator Kennedy is in ear
nest of his belief that in the
pivotal industrial States
where elections are won and
lost, Senator Kennedy can
win. Gov. Williams in such
vital areas will be an effec-
tive Kennedy aide.
Similarly, the Michigan
labor groups allied to the
Governor and the textile
workers union which has just
Endorsed the Senator, can
speak for him. Even better,
they can-with their wide ex-
perience in convention and
election politics-fan out over
the country and work on the
pockets of labor strength
which exist in every State
Democratic delegation worth
mentioning, including some
parts of the South. Senator
Evening star., 1960-06-03
SoIidIy-Bosed Visits by the President
Favored Over 'Summitry' Doshes

rockets if it permits Japan
based American aircraft to
violate Soviet air space"
Republic of Korea-1. To
demonstrate American inter-
est in an orderly transfer
of command from the old
regime of Syngman Rhee to
the new. Q. To make it
wholly plain to the Commu-
nists in North Korea that
they would be unwise to at
tempt another invasion of
South Korea.
The Philippines-To try to
ease several real and easily
visible sources of friction be-
tween that republic and the
United States.
FormoSa (Taiwan)-l. To
give this island home of the
Nationalist Chinese govern
ment a direct pledge of con-
tinued American support. 2.
To show the flag" in the
strongest possible manner
through the Presidents per-
sonal presence-against new
menaces being offered by
Communist China.
This new journey has hopes
incomparably smaller than
had the last presidential
journey afar. Then it was
somehow supposed that great
things for general peace-of
a nature not ever quite
brought down to earth
could somehow be obtained.
Now it is wholly clear that
no such grand and sweeping
solutions are in sight. No
selt-deluSion now lies upon
the scene.
And it may even turn out
that this modest approach
will produce moderate gains
to offset, in a tiny but real
way, the immoderate losses
that followed upon our own
immoderate hopes for that
last series of great vista
Evening star., 1960-06-03

declaration and that errors
had been made in the audit.
The States case collapsed.
The jury was out for more
than four hours.
No one has said what went
on in the jury room, but the
presumption is a majority
had to persuade two or three
members angrily determined
to vote guilty, that such a
verdict was not justified. The
jury system is greatly assisted
by the Montgomery action.
There is evidence that the
old Confe derate e capital,
which lost a long and bitter
campaign to DR.. King about
desegregating its public buses,
has attained a new plateau
in its cold war.
A new image of the "Dr.
Kings" and of the NAACP is
painfully and tediously COM
ing into focus. They are not
communistic and are not
un-American. The individuals
and the organization are OPP
Grating from a base of law
and Of court decisions. They
eventually will attain the OBJ
jectives espoused because of
this fact. They are enor-
mously disturbing to the
status quo.
The extremists who have
pictured them as Communist
dominated have done their
own cause great harm by
creating for the man and the
organization an image of
lawlessneSs and subverSion.
1t is true that the DR.. Kings
and the NAACP are to most
Southerners symbols of all
that is wicked and wrong.
But, painfully, as Montgom-
cry has demonstrated, the
new image comes into focus.
Men like DR.. King will not
In our time be viewed with
Evening star., 1960-06-03
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Jack Kennedy gains Michigan delegates Local leaders
aren't sure he can the world his shoulders but
they're pretty sure he carry Detroit
Lyndon Johnsons bid for President picks up speed He
got cable from Khrushchev assuring him that the Krem-
I'm doesn't regard Nixon worthless Yankee
than Johnson ~
House Leader Halleck is named Republican convention
chairman TV viewers will whose Repubcanism
is 10 feet acounting the lightning rod he'll have up for
Vice President. ~ "
Embassies of the world are rritated with the Eisen-
mower teams handling of the U2 spy case They fear
truth may become the fashion throw thousands of
diplomats out Of work.
one fellow says he's ready to live DANGEROUSLY He's
just report that says men who retire die quickly
Evening star., 1960-06-03
DORIS FLEEsoN
Kennedy Strength Keeps Growing

Kennedy's own people could
not be nearly so effective
with these delegates. who at
the very least furnish him
with a wide selection Of eyes
and ears for Los Angeles
clinches.
Mr.. Kennedy comes out of
California still insure Of
how he may fare in its vola-
tile politics. But to one per-
son he said candidly: II feel
I am not getting through to
many of the delegates. They
are polite and they listen;
they don't argue with me.
But they're not with it."
This is. of course, a re-
Election of the emotional
commitment so many Cali
fornia Democrats still feel
for Adlai Stevenson. Senator
Stuart Symington had the
same experience. Both candi-
dates quickly realized that
pressure was not the answer;
both in Los Angeles and San
Francisco, theirs was the
soft sell.
Senator Lyndon johnson
did not attend the San Fran
cisco dinner but kept his
leadership pitch intact by
Immediately leaving Los
Angeles to return to his Sen
ate duties. He got headlines
with his disclosure of Pre-
mier Khrushchev'S Scornful
reply to the national unity"
cable sent him by the top
group of Democratic leaders.
and his speech was well re-
ceived. His net, however, is
little more than the rela-
lively small group of party
conservatives he had before
he entered the State.
Evening star., 1960-06-03
DAVID LAWRENCE

No candidate is going to
be elected President of the
United States this year who
is willing to kowtow to
Nikita Khrushchev by par
ticipating with him in a So
called summit conference.
No candidate is going to
be elected who is willing to
gloss over the insults flung
at the President Of the
United States by the Soviet
dictator at Paris last month.
These predictions can be
made today because there is
every evidence that the
American people do not be-
lieve in appeasement, and do
believe in the integrity Of
their own Government.
Instead of the pettifogging
and carping criticism which
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee has allowed to
become dominant in it's So
called inquiry, the American
people would like to see some
sign Of American Sturdiness
and American forthrightness
expressed by the same COM
mittee. and an exposure to
the world of the utter hypoc-
risy of the Soviet govern
ment in its distorted concepts
Of International relations.
For the real issue today is
not what measures, clandes-
tine or otherwise, America
took to protect itself against
a regime that has threatened
the people of this country
with a surprise attack, but
why the United States should
ever again participate in a
summit conference.
To recognize and accept
dictatorship and give it the
prestige of decency, as a
summit conference inevitably
does, is to Illustrate the regu-
lar channels of diplomacy and
to compromise the historic
idealism of a free people.
The argument that the
United States must deal
with Mr.. KhruShchev because
he is the only man who
Evening star., 1960-06-03
DORIS FLEEsON
MACKINAC ISLAND, Mich.

hASN44NAN 4OlaINGI MlCIls
Developments this week
end buttress Senator John F.
Kennedy's drive for the presi-
dency among liberals and
labor, both powerful factors
in Democratic decisions.
They constitute inroads on
potential Adlai Stevenson
strength and signal strongly
to him that merely to be
available without organizers
to keep in touch with the
actual convention delegates
may be a losing game. Mr..
Stevenson is in New York
now, comforting with his
closest advisers. and no doubt
this problem will be foremost
in their conversations.
That Senator Kennedy was
about to nail down Michi-
gan's 81 votes in the national
convention had been forecast
even before his courteous call
on Gov. Mennen Williams in
this relatively inaccessible va
cation resort. The votes are
a heartily welcome addition
to his first-ballot showing at
Los Angeles. In the long run,
what they suggest is the more
significant.
Gov. Williams is unim-
peachably liberal and one Of
the most successful prac-
ticing politicians in the
country. Almost single
handedly he has put Michi-
gan government in Demo-
cratic hands. except for a
Evening star., 1960-06-03
RALPH McGILL
A New SeH-Image for the South

out bitterness. Nor will the
NAACP.
But it is important for
the thoughtful South to
understand why it is a jury
in a city which entertains
violent hate of the man found
him not guilty. He wasn't.
There is another fact which
needs to be brought from
Montgomery. The bar of
that city openly admired,
with much headshaking, the
legal representation given
DR.. King-especially by a
Negro attorney Robert Ming,
from Chicago. Negro or not,
he is a master of law" said q
reluctantly admiring member
of the Montgomery bar.
We are now at a point in the
South where we cannot any
longer seek to live in the past,
however much we revere that
past. The present is here.
The future begins tomorrow.
And the DR.. Kings and the
NAACP are a part of this
present and that future. They
are, however distasteful they
are to many, proceeding on a
soundly legal and moral base,
carefully following the law as
revealed by court decisions.
Our educational position is
approaching that of despera-
ton wholly apart from the
racial problem.
If we and our leadership
blind ourselves with false
images, we can do nothing
but harm to our present and
our future. To recognize the
truth is an urgent, if un-
pleasant, necessity.
Evening star., 1960-06-03
Sturdiness and Exposure of Hypocrisy
Of KremEn Called Desire of Voters

speaks for the Soviet Union
is the same argument that
caused British Prime Minis
ter Chamberlain and French
Premier Daladier to go to
Munich in 1888 to deal with
Hitler. 1t was, however, a
form Of appeasement that
led to World War II because
Hitler miSconstrued willing
ness to go to the summit as
the weakness of a suppliant
begging for peace at any
price.
Former Secretary of State
Dean AcheSon has consist
emily opposed summit meet
ings. He asks. in effect, what
purpose ambassadors and
ministers serve if not to carry
on the vital business of their
governments. Again and
again he has urged that the
actual agreements be reached
through the normal diplo-
matte channels and that, If
heads Of state are called in,
this should be primarily to
ratify what has already been
agreed upon by secretaries of
state or ambassadors. Vice
President Nixon sees the
handwriting on the wall and
the doom of summit confer
ences. He said to a meeting
of the Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization on Tuesday in
Washington:
While we do not rule out
any meeting which might
contribute to the cause of
peace, certainly the world
will now have greater conf
dence in the traditional
methods of diplomacy and
in discussions in the United
Nations than in the summitry
on which Mr.. Khrushchev
has in the past insisted"
President Eisenhower, but
tresSed by the advice of the
late Secretary Dulles, stood
out a long time against sum-
NIT conferences. He insisted
that there must first be some
evidence of probable agree
ment on pending questions.
But he succumbed to the
Evening star., 1960-06-03
Confederate Services
Slated at ARLINGTON

Maj. Gen. Charles K. Galley,
commanding general of the
Military District of Washing
ton, will speak at Confederate
memorial services in Arlington
Cemetery at 2:30 pm. Sunday.
Taking part in the ceremony
will be representatives of the
United Daughters of the Con-
federacy, Sons of Confederate
Veterans, Ninth Virginia Cav
airy, Thirteenth Confederate
Infantry, the firing squad Of
the First Regiment of the Vir-
ginia Volunteers, Southern Re-
lief Society and Children of the
Confederacy. The United States
Army Band will play.
Evening star., 1960-06-03
RALPH McGILL
Southerners Urged to Stop Living in Past
And Look to the Present and Future

A number Of news items
entwine like ivy on old walls
to suggest that the Deep
South desperately needs to
busy itself with revising the
image it holds of itself.
In the Congress, Southern
ers almost fanatically oppose
a Federal aid to education
bill. They do this at the same
time new and remorseless
statistics of the National
Education Association show
that the Deep South States
have a higher percentage of
military reflections for mental
and educational lacks.
Local governments in the
South, for all their insistence
on being left alone, in general
do less for their school sys-
TENS than those of other
regions. The average class
room teacher in the South is
paid far less than those of
other States. The shortage
of classrooms and of COM
petent teachers also is
greater. Yet, in the Congress,
Southerners fight even that
Federal aid which would do
nothing but pay for new
buildings.
In Montgomery, Ala, DR..
Martin Luther King, whose
name is anathema to the
conservative South, especially
to the extremist groups, was
declared not guilty by an
all-white jury in a case
brought by the State charg-
ing evasion of taxes.
The charge fell apart when
the States tax agent, a white
man, refused to let prejudice
sway the facts. He told the
truth. He admitted he had
informed DR.. King he had
found no fraud In his tax
Evening star., 1960-06-03
President Plans Trip

President Eisenhower plans
to attend the banquet in con-
nection with the 43d national
automobile show in Detroit
next October IT, the White
House announced yesterday.
The Sidney herald., 1960-01-20
SOME PEOPLE ARE LIKE THAT

1t is not very often that anyone writes to the paper COM
planning about our town, but once in awhile some cowardly
citizen viii print a letter and send it to the paper, without
signing their name, land expect an answer(. If they had a
legitimate grippe, and the nerve to write mot print a letter
and sign their name it may be used in "The Letters To The
Editor" column.
1t gives me a big pain in the back to stoop so low to
answer these letters-someone wrote some very unkind re-
marks about our city and it's merchants that will not be print
ed because no s~landerous, or libel, letters will be printed.
These, let's be polite and call them "cranks," have a per-
sonal grippe, because, apparently the good merchants of this
city have not paid them wages way beyond their mental cap
ability. So that makes everyone in town a low-down some
thingor-other.
A small threeIine article appeared in the paper that read
eff you are not proud of Sidney, it is time somebody told you
where to COVE that made a reader very angry. Of course
it is apparent that the shoe must have been about the right
size to fit this said reader.
It is too bad that no one has helped this person to find a
proper place to go. If whoever it was that wrote this letter
would be so kind as to come into the office of the paper it
would be a pleasure to give them directions.
Sidney may not be the largest city in this part of the
country but til is the best. "If you Don't Like Sidney, Someone
Should Tell You Where To Co."