davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-07

last year. To help boost housing
production the bill provided liber-
alization of the Federal Housing
Administrations home mortgage
credit terms. A similar measure
was reported June 20 by the House
Banking and Currency Committee
but the Rules Committee refused
to clear it for floor action.
These bills were said to consti-
tute the minimum program of the
Democrats who are in control of
Congress; but there will be some
talk. at least, about several other
things:
CIVIL RIGHTS-Senator Keat-
ing and Representative Miller.
both New York Republicans, said
they will introduce bill embody-
ing the provisions in the Demo-
Gratis civil rights platform so that
the Democrats in the House and
Senate could make good on their
promises. These promises included
an end of segregation in virtually
all phases of American life, crea-
ton of a Fair Employment Prac-
tices Commission and Endorsement
of sit-in demonstrations in the
South. Nobody thought for min
ute that the MesSrs. Heating and
Miller would accomplish anything
except embarrassment of their
Democratic opponents.
DEFENSE-A bill authorizing
Pentagon budget of about $40
billion for fiscal 1861 became law
last June. 1t was $500 million more
than the administration asked for.
Some Democrats were proposing
to seek a sizable increase on the
grounds that world conditions had
taken a turn for the worse. Presi-
dent Eisenhower has expressed
satisfaction with our defense
status. Some Republicans, notably
Gov. Rockefeller and his followers,
have wanted more. There've been
rumors the President would accept
more. And then Senate Minority
Leader Dirksen limited last week
that the President might even
propose modest increase of his
own.
FARM-The Senate passed on
June 8 a wheat bill maintaining
supports at rs per cent Of parity
but the House rejected, on June
%, both the Senate version and a
high support bill of its own. Sem
ator' Kennedy has expressed the
opinion that action on farm bill
would be desirable at the August
session and Mr.. Nixon advanced
a massive" program of his own
for the future but neither they nor
any other observer or participant
thought Congress would do much
on this subject before it quits.
In 1948 a Democratic President,
Harry S. Truman. had a Repub-
lican Congress. 1t adjourned on
June 20 without enacting bills Mr..
Truman thought necessary for the
country's welfare. He summoned
it back into a special session" on
July 26, Mr.. Truman had by then
been renominated for President.
New York Gov. Thomas E. Dewey
was the Republican nominee.
The Republicans talked about
adjourning Immediately but Gov.
Dewey persuaded them not to.
Southern Senators quickly tied up
the Senate with a filibuster against
an anti-lynch bill backed by the
Republican leadership. The up
Evening star., 1960-08-07

African states. Belgium, he
charged. was guilty of provoking
the Congo disorders and was
carrying out policy of agrees
sionS against the infant state
with the connivance and ap-
proval in one form or another"
of Belgium's Atlantic Pact allies.
But despite the setbacks of the
week, Mr. Hammarskjold and DR..
Bunche, saying nothing, were con-
tinuing doggedly their efforts to
set Congo on its own feet. Bel
gian troops, rushed to strategic
spots three weeks ago when
Congo violence threatened to get
completely out of hand, were with
drawn as U. N. units made up of
African troops. for the most part,
from Ghana. Guinea, Tunisia and
Morocco) replaced them. But
Belgian paratroopers remained in
katanga, and at two army bases
within Congo.
Congo's Premier Lumumba, en-
route home after visiting the
United States and other Western
countries in an appeal for finan-
cial, technical and administrative
aid for his faltering country,
warned in Tunis Friday that all
Belgian troops had better be gone
from Congo when he returns to
Leopoldville tomorrow. If they are
not, threatened Mr.. 'Lumurhba,
there will be decisive action"
He did not specify the nature of
the action.
AS the week ended, it was clear
that the Katanga problem was a
more involved challenge than had
appeared to be the case when Mr..
Tshombe first announced the Sc
cession" of the province. Enor-
mously wealthy in vital minerals,
such as copper, cobalt, manganese
and gold, Katanga is a necessity if
Congo is to have an economic base
sufficient for survival. But Belgian
and British interests, plus the ma
tive Katangan's reluctance to be
ruled by "the bushmen" downriver
at Leopoldville, lend strength to
the separatist movement led by
Premier Tshombe. Belgian author
tiles in Brussels were plainly SYM
pathetic to the secession stand.
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Congress-:
What's Ahead

The session which convenes to-
morrow is made necessary by the
unwillingness of the House and
Senate to act on several pieces of
major legislation left unfinished
in July rush to recess for the
national conventions. They are:
MINIMUM WAGE-The House
has already passed a bill to in
crease the minimum wage from
the present 81 an hour to $115.
The Senate's Democratic leaders
would like to boost it to SIPS. The
administration is strongly opposed
to this. as are some Southern con-
servative Democratic Senator's.
MEDICAL CARE FOR THE
AGED--A bill providing increased
Social Security benefits and a
moderate, State-option, health
benefits program for the aged was
passed by the House on June %.
The Senate Finance Committee
held hearings later on the measure
but took no further action. The
principal disagreement between
Democrats and Republicans is on
the financing methods, with the
Democrats favoring a tie-in with
Social Security and the Repub-
licans wanting an entirely sepa-
rate set-up.
EDUCATION AID-The Senate
passed on February a bill pro-
viding $1.8 billion over two years
for school construction and teach
ers' salaries. The House passed on
May 26 a bill authorizing $1.3
billion over four years for con-
struction only. The bill is now
languishing in the House Rules
Committee which refused to send
it to conference.
HOUSING-The Senate on June
16 passed a $1.2 billion omnibus
housing bill. It would provide the
additional money for various Fed
eral housing programs in an effort
to revitalize housing production
which has dropped sharply in the
Evening star., 1960-08-07
THE NATIONAL SCENE
With Congress as Next Forum

Both Republican and Demo-
cratic presidential nominees
spent last week in campaign
activities-direct or indirect
and the country prepared for
a resumption Of Congress to-
morrow.
, 1t was politicS-pure politics,
purged of any pretense to the
contrary.
In the leading roles on the long,
hot summer days were two men
thousands of miles apart:
Democratic Presidential Nomi-
nee Kennedy receiving hat-in-
hand visitors on the lawn of his
summer home at Hyannis Port.
Mass, overlooking the Atlantic
Ocean.
Republican Nominee Nixon in
the middle of the Pacific pounding
the palm Lined pavements of
Hawaii in pursuit of the support
Of the 50th State.
And in all the thousand miles
between, lawmakers were packing
to come back to steamy Washing
ton for a three-week additional
session of the Congress. The Sen
ate will resume its sessions tomor-
row and the House a week from
tomorrow.
For the first time in our history,
the opposing candidates for the
presidency will be facing each
other in the Senate. And not only
that. These other campaign figures
can give political piquancy to the
debate:
Senator Johnson of Texas,
Democratic vice presidential NOM
inee.
Senator Jackson of Washington,
Democratic National Committee
chairman Senator Smathers of
Florida. chairman Of the Demo-
cratic Senatorial Campaign Com
mittee.
Senator Morton Of Kentucky,
Republican national chairman.
Senator Goldwater Of Arizona.
chairman of the Republican Sem
atorial Campaign Committee.
Everybody admitted it was going
to be a good show even If they
didn't expect it to accomplish
much. Vice President Nixon pre-
dicted Congress wasn't likely to
act "intelligently" or "responsibly"
on legislation after the conven-
tions. Senator Kennedy and Sem
ator johnson warned that "the
peoples business" comes first.
That meant they thought it might
not.
President Eisenhower, seeking
to give a constructive cast to the
session. announced he would send
up special message urging action
on Program in the public in
terest."
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Refused Entry

The Katangan Minister of the
Interior, Godefroid Munongo, sur
rounded by Katangan police and
soldiers, went aboard the U. N.
plane and informed the detach-
ment they were not to disembark.
DR.. Bunche protested that the
men were merely technicianS, and
demanded that they be permitted
to stay. He was refused without
ceremony, and he and the detach-
ment returned to Leopoldville.
After talking with Mr.. Ham
marskjold on his return. the
scheduled U. N. troop movement
into Katanga was postponed in
definitely. In an announcement
made only two hours after DR..
Bunche's arrival, the Secretary
General said Mai. Gen. Carl Won
Horn, U. N. commander in Congo.
had been ordered to cancel the
Katanga operation. Instead, Mr..
Hammarskjold said, a special
meeting of the Security Council
would be held today at 8 pm.
Katangan pledges to use force
against U. N. troops, Mr.. Ham
marskjold explained, made Secur-
ity Council action necessary, since
U. N. units could not act against
forcible resistance under the prin-
ciples laid down by the Council.
The Secretary General himself
left Leopoldville Friday night to
return to New York for today's
Council session.
Yesterday the situation re-
mained one of Stalemate, at least
for the time being. Mr.. Tshombe
had heavy trucks parked along
the runways of Elisabethville's
airport, ready to block the land
ing strips if the U. N. transports
attempted to land.
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Trouble Encountered

The secretary general Of the
U. NJ. Dag Hammarskjold, is in
Leopoldville directing the effort
of the U. N. emergency force to
restore order, peace, and produc-
ton to Congo. He was making
progress steadily until Thursday,
when his chief troubleshooter, the
American DR.. Ralph Bunche,
failed to shake the determination
of Katanga's Premier, Noise
TShombe, to bar U. N. troops from
his wealthy province.
DR.. Bunche's meeting with
Premier Tshombe was correct If
not cordial. The U. N. official was
ignored on his arrival at Elisa
bethville's airport. but was in
formed that Mr.. Tshombe would
receive him If he cared to call.
He did, and the two men held
a long conversation. Then DR..
Bunche departed. with a mo
comment" to waiting newspaper
men. But Mr.. Tshombe had plenty
of comment. Inviting the reporters
inside his official residence, the
Katangan leader said he had re-
emphasized to DR.. Bunche that
U. N. troops would not be per-
mitted to enter Katanga.
Friday morning DR.. Bunche re-
turned to Leopoldville to report
to Mr.. Hammarskjold. According
to Premier Tshombe, he was going
to tell his superior that Katanga
demanded that the question of
separation from Congo be placed
before the Security Council, and
that in the meantime no U. N.
troops were to enter the disputed
province.
Katanga'S determination was
underlined as DR.. Bunche pre-
pared to depart. The plane sent
to pick him up at Elisabethville-
a white transport with U. N. in
signia-brought from Leopoldville
an advance contingent of the U. N.
emergency force. The 20-man de-
tachment was to have made ad-
vance arrangements for the arrival
Of the U. N. force yesterday. But
they never left the aircraft.
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Charges by Moscow

In Moscow the Soviet govern
ment growled anew with charges
that the U. N. force, Mr.. Ham
marskjold, DR.. Bunche and all
involved in attempting to bring
peace and order to Congo were
agents of American imperial
ISM"
The U. N. intervention in Con-
go, Soviet Premier Khrushchev
declared, was a threat to the
liberties and independence of all
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Sunday

KENNEDY-Entertained Adlai
E. Stevenson who promised to
campaign for him from coast to
coast.
NIXON-Attended services at
the Metropolitan Memorial Meth
odist Church and spent quiet day
with his family. Normally. a
Quaker. Mr.. Nixon has been at
tending the Methodist church
which is near his home in Wesley
Heights.
Evening star., 1960-08-07
4 Blunt Reply

The Soviet Premiers lengthy
reply was received in London on
Thursday. and its message re-
vealed on Friday. 1t was as blunt
and to-the-point as anything Mr..
Khrushchev has said since the
summit debacle Of last May.
In taking his position with the
United States in the matter of
the RB-47. said Mr.. KhruShchev,
Britain was taking an openly
hostile stand toward the Soviet
Union. 1t is not Russian policy,
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Disarmament:
Dim Prospect

A new Soviet boycott of the
U. n. Disarmament Commission
seemed probable last week after
the United States rejected a
Soviet proposal for a U. n.
summit" disarmament confer
ence.
. All the present 80 members Of
the United Nations are also mem
berS of the U. N. Disarmament
Commission. But during the re-
cent brief thaw in the cold war,
the Western bloc tacitly accepted
repeated Soviet contentious, once
backed by a boycott. that 81
members made the commission too
unwieldy to be effective.
3 But the thaW appears to be over,
and much of the old ice refrozen.
When the Soviet delegation stalked
out of the special donation dis
armament conference in Geneva
last June 81, the issue of effective
arms control and reduction was
back in the U. N. lap.
And the same old arguments
reappeared. The United States
has proposed formally a meeting
Of the disarmament commission.
The Soviet delegation has pro-
posed a General Assembly debate
participated in by heads of state,
a disarmament summit" The
American proposal was rejected by
the Russians, who added the
charge that it was made to in
crease the prospects for election
of another Republican administra-
ton in November.
Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge,
said Platon D. Morozov, would
be making speeches at the COM
mission meetings that would help
the vote drive of the Nixon
Lodge ticket. But Mr.. Lodge has
already said that as soon as he
becomes actively engaged in par
tisan politics Il will not be at
the U. N, any more"
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Council Showdown

Three Congo ministers-Foreign
Minister Justin Bomboko. Deputy
Premier Rene Mwambe, and
Thomas Kama, minister delegate
to the United Nations, left Leo
poldville yesterday to attend the
Security Council session tonight.
Touring Premier Lumumba may
also be on hand for the showdown.
The emergency session is ex-
pected to produce a sharp East
West debate, with the Soviet
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Summit Gain

Disarmament, a nuclear test
ban, the future of Germany and
the other basic problems of our
times" Mr.. Khrushchev said,
ought to be discussed at summit
meeting, and he was ready for
such a meeting. But he went on
to say that "such meeting can
hardly be expected" before the
United States elections in No
vember.
In cold, cracking phrases, the
letter repeated standard Soviet
charges against the West. and
particularly the United States, on
most cold war issues all over the
globe. Besides the question of the
United States spy flights, Mr..
Khlushchev discussed the Congo
Belgian aggression with NATO
connivance) Cuba (Soviet support
will go to the Cuban people be
cause justice is on their sideD:
colonialiSm britain had held in
subjection and mercilessly ex-
plotted many millions of people
-. for hundreds of years ~;
and Germany (the West fears a
strong and united Germany.
Evening star., 1960-08-07
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
New Africa Cha||enqe

The United Nations, beset
with an unprecedented chal-
lenge In the newly independent
Congo, found its problems null
tiplied last week. The mineral
rich Congo province Of Katanga,
which "seceded" from Congo
when rioting and mutipy
marked the first days Of In
dependence, refused to allow
troops Of the United Nations to
enter the province.
Have you ever visited Quaga-
dougou? Or heard of it?
Quagadougou is the capital Of
the worlds newest independent
nation-Upper Volta. In the be-
wildering confusion Of colonial
ism's final hours, three former
French colonies last week became
independent nations. loosely con-
federated with France in the
French Community, a grouping
similar to the British Common
wealth.
But Quagadougou, national cap
ital for three and q half million
Africans. was in the news last week
only because of its new status.
Another former colonial capital,
once notable for its orderliness
and quiet prosperity, still dom
mated the headlines Of the worlds
press and plagued the tranquility
Of the worlds statesmen.
Leopoldville, the capital of
Congo. remained the center of
African emergence, the focal point
Of almost total chaos, and the
latest excuse for missile-rattling
in the Soviet Union. And another
Congo city, Elisabethville, made
even more news than Leopoldville
by insisting on its own claims to
be the capital Of an independent
nation Katanpa.
Evening star., 1960-08-07

he contended, that is endangering
peace, but the continued "aggres-
sive" acts of the United States
which keep the world in the
shadow of the H-bomb.
The RB-47, Mr.. Khrushchev
charged, was operating from a
British base and the fight "was
agreed to by the British govern
ment." Recounting the incident of
the U-2 fight of May and the
capture of its pilot, the Soviet
Premier also recalled a U-2 fight
of April 9 which was successful,
although observed by Soviet spot
terS. All these flights, the Khru-
Shchev letter said, were under
taken by American warmongers
ito stretch our nerves even more,
to humiliate us, and to take
humiliation as far as insult"
Evening star., 1960-08-07
Hit as frivolous

To the Soviet proposal for a
U. N. disarmament summit" the
American response was quick.
cold and final. Frivolous &.
ironic specious cynical
..." were a few of the words en-
ployed to sum UP the State De-
partment's reaction 1t was pointed
out, however, by a department
spokesman that Mr.. Khrushchev,
as head of state, was always eli
gible to take part in a meeting
of the 82-member U. N. Disarm-
ament Commission.
The Soviet plan also received a
cool reception in Paris, London,
Continued on Page CA
Evening star., 1960-08-07

Union demanding that all Belgian
troops be removed from Congo
at once. "Stalling" was charged
to the U. N. command by Radio
Moscow yesterday, and the threat
of sending Soviet troops to Congo
was renewed.
Evening star., 1960-08-07

shot was that Congress adjourned
August Z after two weeks, having
completed action on only 3 of IL
legislative issues on which Presi-
dent Truman had called it back.
Mr.. Truman promptly turned
the record of the session to ac-
count in his campaign. Indeed. his
whistle-stopping was aimed pri-
marily at the "do-nothing 80th
Congress"
Evening star., 1960-06-29
Prelude to CIimactic Battle

through his control of con-
vention housing and so on
against the Johnsonites,
the supporters of Senator
Stuart Symington and all
others not in the Kennedy
camp.
And Mr.. Kennedy himself
has got himself into one jam
by indicating recently to New
York liberals that he expect
ed no Southern support while
private letters were going
out to Southern delegates
asking just such support.
In summary, the Kennedy
bandwagon stands near the
crest of the hill before the
downgrade run to victory.
The last mile up any hill,
however. is the hardest and
longest mile. And it is still
not certain that the vehicle
can surmount this final
terrain.
Evening star., 1960-06-29
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

The House votes to outlaw rigged TV shows Funny
world You're liable to be jailed for deceivng people on
TVand fired for levelng with them at the State Department
New Jerseys Gov. Meyner wants the Democratic con-
venon to deliberate" while before settling of
the candidates dangerous course If it deliberates too
long, it may reject all of them.
Senator Wiley, freng at foreign reverses says Repub-
can didn't create the world In fact the shape the worlds
in, Republicans inclined to blame the event on the
building trade unions
1t isn't the high cost of living that worries man. but
the cost of getting from place to place to do the living
Jack Kennedy writes letter to 5000 Democratic dele
gates Reported sample Dear Bill (Frank) (Joe), 1t is
completely untrue that have refused you
Vice President"
The United States has mother and-daughter satellites
soaring in orbit The old stayed home. Somebody
has to foot the bill for these round the-word cruises
Evening star., 1960-06-29
Brown Hands Through the Wire

tion on the subject of United
States assistance to Japan. 1t
is difficult for a Filipino to
understand recalling the
presence of the Japanese and
all the suffering and sorrow
thereby produced. The need
for bases and of economic
suff1ciency for Japan to save
her from turning, of neces-
Sity, to the Communists for
trade, was not clear to the
Filipinos who were them
selves in want of so many
things.
This little reminder, from
the tiny opposition in Manila,
makes us see again that
world trade likely will be
the hottest feature of the
cold war. We must partici-
pate. And we aren't doing
much planning. The Govern
ment soon will reduce some
tariffs, but there will be
howls from the Congress
echoing hometown business
forces. The adjustment will
be the more painful if we
wait until it is forced. And
that is what we seem intent
on doing.
Evening star., 1960-06-29
Man Sentenced
In Traffic Case

William J. Brown, Sc, who
was arrested on two traffic
charges by Deputy Police Chief
William J. Liverman, head of
the Metropolitan police traffic
division, was sentenced yester-
day to pay a $3.50 fine or spend
go days in jail.
Mr.. Brown, of the 1000 block
of Aspen avenue, Takoma Park,
Md, pleaded guilty last month
to drunken driving and driving
on a revoked permit before Mu-
nicipal Court Judge Catherine
B. Kelly.
He was arrested by Deputy
Chief Liverman in May at Thir-
teenth and V streets NV. after
a chase that began at Seven
teenth street and New Hamp-
shire avenue NV.
Evening star., 1960-06-29
WILLIAM S. WHITE

The Kennedy-JohnSon race
for the Democratic presiden-
tial nomination has reached
a point of momentary stale
mate rather like the pause
which in warfare precedeS
great and climactic battles.
Both campaigns. meanwhile,
are showing utterly opposite
operating mistakes.
Senator John F. Kennedy's
hackers have plainly put on
too much tough pressure on
too many too soon. Some of
these hackers, notably Demo-
cratic National Chairman
Paul Butler, have been al
most brutally unwise. So
much is this the case, indeed,
that some Democratic poll
ticians - including some
Kennedy well-wishers Il are
now saying that if he is de-
feated after all he will owe
it to his over-zealous friends.
Senator Lyndon B. john
sons hackers, equally plain
ly, have not put on enough
pressure, even mildly, soon
enough.
The Kennedy campaign is
showing some small but clear
signs Of panic. The Kennedy
bandwagon, though by no
means halted dead, has hit
some roadblocks. The John
son campaign is correspond
ingly moving faster, but still
not fast enough. 1t is in
acute need CT gingering up
but johnson continues to
refuse to permit all-out ac-
ton until Congress has ad-
journed.
He takes the view that as
Democratic leader of the
Senate he cannot give the
word to fire all johnson bat
teries without aging
Democratic legislative action
in the Senate and thus the
general Democratic record.
Senator Kennedy remains the
heavy favorite for the nomi-
nation. All the same, he has
suffered several major set
backs in the last two weeks.
And these errors of commits
sion have undoubtedly been