davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-12-06
Economic Power BIocs in u. S.

million-ton annual record of
1855, when more steel than
ever before or since was
shipped to the nlimber-one-
steel-using auto industry.
when the construction and
container industries-next in
order of Importance - were
taking about as much steel as
now, and when each Of the
other major users were taking
more. Obviously, then, these
pre- and post strike output
rates were abnormal. They
could not be sustained. Such
abnormalities in an impor-
tant industry tend to bring
widespread imbalance in the
economy. ty ;a
Goal. mining, for example.
Is directly affected. and 80
is transportation. Less dis
cernible but important are
the effects in metal-working
industries, in construction,
and throughout the economy.
Construction expenditures fell
6.2 per cent between June
and November. 1859. and in
October, 1860. at SIS, billion.
were still 5 per cent below
the pre-strike rate of $57.9
billion.
"A look at estimated costs
of the steel strike gives fur
ther evidence of steel's i'm
portance in the economy.
by the end of the steel
strike; more than q million
workers had lost their jobs
because of the strike. COM
pared with 100000 in steel
alone.
"The steel strike cost cor
porations generally about So
billion in earnings before
taxes. Out Of this sum, the
steel. companies cost was
about 50 billion. In addition,
workers lost SITS billion in
wages they will never regain.
OF this sum. the steel en-
ployes lost 81 billion"
viii anything be done
about all this? win the pres
ent system of economic
anarchy be continued? Gov
ernment control isn't the an
swer. But a new sense Of
responsibility among private
economic groups is clearly
necessary. This can be awak-
ened>only If there is full
publicity. A postmortem on
the steel strike by the Gov
ernment would be a helpful
first step.
Copyright, 1861
Evening star., 1960-12-06

alternately the morning and
evening press.
For himself, Mr.. Salinger
proved fully capable Of ham
ding q rapid fire Of questions
and eager to answer them.
This surprised none Of the
reporters who started on the
Kennedy campaign trail with
him IA months ago. The
durable quality Of his wit,
courtesy. brevity and sim
plicity is well established.
Still in the future. of
course, are the hazards any
new administration must
face. When the troubles pile
UP. Mr.. Salinger will be in
the eye Of the hurricane.
The best description OF
what he will then be up
against was given by a re-
Elective statesman who had
Just watched the massed press
dealing with a well-meaning
but ineffective press agent for
a popular candidate for
President. Individually, you
reporters are charming" pro-
nounced this observer. but
collectively you are q pain
in the neck"
President Eisenhower has
enjoyed a virtual immunity
from press and public criti-
cism for many reasons, in
Guiding his health and leg
endary status as a popular
Evening star., 1960-12-06
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Predentelect Kennedy is urged to abolish 20 top jobs
at the Penagon Jack having much trouble filling his
cabinet he adopt the idea-and take the out
The Supreme Court forbds discrimination in bus stop
restaurants It's legal doctrine Everyone has equal
right to risk ptomane poisoning
The United States adopts new kind Of passport The
will be bue-matching the mood of all the Republican
officials who soon will have plenty of time to travel.
Louisiana legislators want to deny Kennedy their States
electoral votes They don't mind his beating Nixon but
failure to repeal that man Lincoln Is inexcusable.
Baby Jack Kennedy. jr, isn't as lucky you might
think BY the time he's ready for college, his dad will have
been out Of work for at least 10 years.
College glossary. Deans list-When the dean tacks
slightly to port after q large evening.
Evening star., 1960-12-06
New Style Kennedy Press Farley.

hero. President-elect Ken
nedy will not be thus PAM
pered. For example. by rea-
son Of age alone he will be
considered by many to be on
trial.
Thus Mr.. Salinger'S lot will
be harder than that Of White
House Press Secretary Hag-
erty, q master Of conmunica-
tions and q major policy
spokesman of the Eisenhower
administration. Mr.. Hagerty,
Of course. had to adapt him
self to the role it seemed de-
Sirable that he should play.
Mr.. Salinger begins with a
President known personally
to most reporters-he once
was one-and one eager to
pick their brains Of any little
nuggets which might be help
full to him. At the same time
Senator Kennedy was out
giving and candid in his COM
ments on his own problems.
This mutual helpfulness Is
the real basis Of the rapport
between the new President
and the press which the New
York Daily News loudly COM
plains about. Any real meet
ing Of minds. helpful to both
parties. includes Q relaxed
atmosphere.
Mr.. Salinger contributed to
1t by never coming between
candidate and press. He acted
always as a conduit for news,
never preferred as news his
account Of what Senator
Kennedy supposedly was
thinking.
Evening star., 1960-12-06

by . competent administra-
ton Is rather minor COM
pared to the international
picture. The billions of the
Marshall Plan have produced
results beyond all expecta-
ton. But in the Far East,
important segments Of the.
Middle East and in Latin
America we have definitely
lost ground to the benefit of
international communism.
The, outgoing Republican
administration came in like
a lion and is leaving like q
lamb. Despite the worldwide.
popularity Of President Ell
senhower. it is. during the
eight years of this admins
tration that the present con-
dition emerged. Since the
death Of Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles our world
position has deteriorated.
During the last two years,
the State Department has be-
come paralyzed and there
was apparently no move on
the part Of the Chief Execu-
tive to put 9 burr under the
saddles Of the lethargic top
policy makers in the State
Department. It is in these
last years that things began
to go badly for us in Latin
America. The support given
Ffdel Castro by our foreign
policy makers resulted in in
ternational communism es-
tabliShing q beachhead in
the Western n e m isph ere.
This irreparable blunder has
affected not only the whole
hemisphere but has caused
the leaders in other parts of
the globe to wonder about
our competence to lead the
free world.
Similarly. the reluctant
Evening star., 1960-12-06
Kennedy's Complex Problems

agreement by President Ell
senhower to attend, against
hfs better judgment. the 1855
summit meeting in Geneva
played into the hands Of in
ternational communism. Even
worse, there was a definite
Revision on the part of our
allies in continental Europe
when Mr.. Eisenhower invited
Nikita KhruShchey to visit
America as the Nations hon.
ored guest. The idea that
such an invitation would lead
to easing Of international
tensions was as ridiculous as
the summit meeting in Paris.
in May this year. Both served
only to enhance the Red
prestige at our expense. We
also rushed to embrace two
African dictators. Ghana's
Nkrumah and Guinea's Toure
who the State Department
well knew were Soviet pup
pets long before they ascend
ed their African thrones.
Similarly, we forced the
aged president Of South Ko-
rea. Syngman Rhee, out of
Office when the students re-
belled. Secretary Of State
Herter issued at the psyche
logical moment an official
statement giving Rhee an
unprecedented spanking and
. embracing the cause of sew
eral thousand students. To-
day it is not the democratic
government Of Prime Minis
ter Chang which is conduct
ing the affairs Of Korea but
a body of restless and dis
satisfied teen-agers who are
forcing laws on a weakened
National Assembly.
These and many other
similar factors will plague
the new administration when
it takes over. 1t will take a
superman to bring conditions
to near normal at home and
abroad.
Evening star., 1960-12-06
DAVID LAWRENCE

Not a speech was made
about it in the campaign by
either presidential candidate.
Nor was it discussed in the
great debate" on television.
Yet it was and is the para
mount issue of the current
era.
The question is: Shall the
economic power of private
blocs continue to unbalance
the whole business situation
and cause widespread unem-
pluyment as well as the loss
Of billions OF dollars to the
American people?
For that's what happened
as a consequence of the
threat of a steel strike and
subsequently as a result Of
the work stoppage itself that
lasted more than three
months in 1859. A downturn
in the business situation
during 1861 has already been
forecast. This is a direct eff
feet Of the steel strike of
1859. Unemployment because
of the disruption of the
economy is growing.
Long before the strike
actually began, buyers Of
steel feverishly bought all
the metal they could get here
and abroad. Steel mills OPP
Grated at record capacity.
After the long strike, the
mills caught up somewhat
with the demand, but opera
tions thereafter steadily were
curtailed as business sought
to readjust itself to the body
blow it had received.
Foreign producers of steel
made some long-term con-
tracts with American buyers,
thus cutting off future busi-
ness for American mills after
the strike ended. Some
manufacturers of articles
which had been made of steel
turned to substitute metals
and have kept on using them.
Some construction all over
the United States was de-
layed, and the indirect ef-
fects were felt throughout
the entire economy.
Oddly enough. there hasn't
been o comprehensive post
mortem on the steel strike.
The politicians shy away
from it.
This correspondent asked
q disintereSted economist to
Evening star., 1960-12-06
RALPH McGILL

The text for this essay
might be the story of the
Texas Democrat who won so
much money betting on Sena-
tor Kennedy that he turned
Republican.
There must be O certain
morbid fascination for pro-
gressive r epu b lie q ms in
watching the Goldwater-
Dirksen faction at work pre-
pairing a so-called "bare-
bones" balanced budget for
the next fiscal year. which
begins in July. It is a shabby
piece Of political business to
begin with. It frankly is ad-
mitted to be aimed at embar-
RAISING and restricting" the
Kennedy administration.
It is so plainly political
that it will, if pursued, BOOM
erang against the Republican
Party. It will once again de-
pict the party as interested
not in the troubles Of the un-
employed, the aged, and Of
education, but as one dedi-
Gated to, first of all, business
and special interests. The
story from Texas is a Jest.
But the fact it was invented
and told with so much glee is
not without meaning to those
Of the COP. who are willing
to think. Gov. Rockefeller
will understand it. Senator
Dirksen won't.
The President is reported
deeply piqued by his party's
defeat. Even 50, it Is difiicult
to understand giving, an ear
to those who would express
their resentment in a "bare-
bones: budget which ignores
the next administrations ap-
proach to 6 million persons
out Of jobs and at least 2
Evening star., 1960-12-06
Boomerang Against Republican Party
Forecast If PIon Is Pursued

million on a short basis,
the gold crisis, shortage Of
schoolroomS, and the needs
Of the aged.
The business of both the
Republicans and the Demo-
Gratis is the people Of this
country and their security.
II there is human hurt, it is
the responsibility Of the Gov
ernment to be concerned.
The truth Is, as the failure
Of the Eisenhower financial
mission to our European al
lies revealed. that this ad-
ministration has demon
strated no great genius in
the matter of national A.
nance or budgets.
If we go back to 1862 when
there was a great deal Of
talk about balancing the ma
tional budget, reducing the
number of Federal employees.
cutting the debt, and lower
ing taxes, and look at the
present figures. we can all
learn a lesson.
In the eight Eisenhower
years we have:
l. Raised the Federal pay
roll to an all-time high.
2. Incurred the highest
peacetime budget in the
Nations history.
3. Created a budget deficit
for the period Of more than
$18 billion.
4. Raised the national debt
limit five times.
5. Watched our gold re-
serves drop to the critical
low Of less than $1S billion.
Now 1t would be unreason-
able to blame" the Presi-
dent for all this. A great
many persons, however, in
sist, with reason, that the ad-
ministration has lacked bold
Evening star., 1960-12-06
Negro Judge Heads
Son Francisco Court

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. q
(AP). - The new presiding
judge Of San Francisco's Mu-
nicipal Court Is John Wesley
Bussey. first Negro elevated tc
the bench in this city.
Judge Bussey. q Se-year-old
California and Harvard eradu-
ate. was elected unanimously
yesterday by the other muni-
cipal judges. He joined them
in 1858 by appointment Of the
Governor.
Evening star., 1960-12-06
UnboIoneing of Nations Business
Called Paramount Issue Of Era

describe the effects Of the
steel strike on the national
economy in 1869 and 1860.
Here is his memorandum:
"SpurtS in inventory build
ing by American business and
especially by users Of steel.
both ahead of and following
the well-advertised steel
strike which started in mid
1859, were the most pro-
nounced for any peacetime
periods of record. Oscilla-
tions in inventory building
are disturbing to the econ
omy.
Inventory building among
nonfarrn industries rose to a
$ll billion annual rate in the
June quarter of 1859, fell to
a figure of minus sos billion
in the following quarter, and
then in the first quarter Of
1860. after steel mills re-
opened, Zoomed back up to
q $ll billion rate. BY the third
quarter of 1860. the rate Of
accumulation had slipped
back to only sos billion.
Such oscillations in in
ventory demand as these can
induce relapses in the econ
omy despite a rising trend
Of final demand. In fact,
except for them, the gross
national product would not
have slipped in the third
quarter of either last year
or this. The flow of goods
to final users continued to
rise in both periods. Thus,
the economic setback In the
third quarter 1860. as meas
ured by the gross national
product, appears to be pri-
marily an aftermath of the
steel strike.
What happened in steel
prior to. during and following
the strike sheds considerable
light on the disrupting effects
Of the strike. Steel ingot out
put rose to q second-quarter
1859 annual rate Of 1885 mil
lion tons. then fell to an 1S-
million-ton rate during the
strike. rebounded to a 139-
million ton rate in the first
full quarter after the end Of
the strike, and then receded
to q last-half 1860 rate Of
around 78 million tons.
Output just before and for
a time after the end Of the
strike was far above the ll7-
Evening star., 1960-05-07
Approved Doctors
Required to Test
Private Pilots

The Federal Aviation Agency
next month will start requiring
all applicants for a student or
private pilot medical certificate
to be examined solely by des-
ignated aviation medical exam
inerS.
The FAA regulations already
require the same thing of ap-
plicants for airline transport
pilots and commercial pilots.
The agency announced the
rule will become effective June
IS. Its purpose is to enable
the agency to assure proper
direction and maintain effec-
tive supervision of its aviation
medical examiners" the an
nouncement said.
The statement added that
a recent FAA survey showed
that of the airmen examined
by non-designated examiners.
"a per cent of those who did
not meet the standards were
nevertheless given certificates
by the examining physicians. Z"
The FAA has 1000 desig-
mated medical examiners
throughout the Nation. 1t said
more than a fourth of the 240,-
Evening star., 1960-05-07

ficials but he was overruled by
the court martial.
Miss Jacoby. who steadfastly
claimed she had thought she
had money in the banks on
which her checks were written,
was found guilty, Her sentence
included a bad conduct dis
charge and four months of hard
labor.
In several prior decisions,
the court had interpreted the
guiding military code as allow
ing written interrogatories to
be entered without the presence
Of the accused or counsel.
Yesterday, however, the court
said it could not respect for
mer rulings in cases where it
would perpetuate a former
mistake.
1t ordered that Miss Jacoby
should be given a new court
martial.
Evening star., 1960-05-07
Sit-Ins Seen
Generutino
IIWiII Era

The new handwriting on the
dime store wall" the Southern
Negro lunch counter sit-ins-
may bring in its wake an "an
era of bad feeling unmatched
in recent memory"
This was the opinion ex-
pressed here yesterday by
Harold c. Fleming of Atlanta,
Ga, executive director of the
Southern Regional Council, a
bi-racial organization seeking
to promote better race rela-
tionS.
Mr.. Fleming, speaking at the
Willard Hotel meeting of the
Middle South Region Confer
ence of the National Associa-
ton Of Intergroup Relations
Offcials, did add an optimistic
note:
g. The dismal portents in
the south today are probably
better balanced by hopeful ones
than ever before" he sold.
However, he cautioned that
a new and ugly period of
racial crisis can be avoided
only by a wave of desegrega-
ton in good faith as dramatic
in its own way as the wave of
student (sit-inO protests in the
South"
Mr.. Fleming said the sit-ins
and other non-violent direct
actions "are saying, in unmis-
taxable terms, that a large and
growing number of Negro
SouthernerS are fed up with
segregation"
They are tired of temporiz-
ing with the lack of progress
In the Deep South and the
glacier-like pace of change in
the upper and middle South. +"
He suggested that intergroup
relations officials will never
(have) a better time to show
what we can do in a sellers
market" to help make the
transition as orderly as possible
Evening star., 1960-05-07
WAF Upheld
In Right 10
Face Witness

The United States Court of
Military Appeals yesterday over
rule itself and labeled as un-
constitutional the practice of
not allowing certain defendants
to confront witnesses against
them.
In a 2-to-1 decision. the court
held that the Sixth Amendment
applies tolmilitary defendants
as well as civilians.
The opinion, written by
Judge Homer Ferguson, arose
out Of a case involving a "a
year-old WAF, Loretta M.
Jacoby of Chicago, who was
charged with writing four bad
checks totaling S35.
At her court-martial last
year at the Oklahoma City
(Okla) Air Force Station, the
Government allowed three bank
officials to enter three written
statements.
Miss Jacoby's attorney pro-
tested that she should be al
lowed to confront the bank Of
Evening star., 1960-05-07
5000 Men Called
For Druft in July

The Army yesterday issued a
draft call for 5000 men in July,
500 more than the previously
announced quota for June.
The new call brought to
2,532,930 the total number
drafted or earmraked for in
duction since the resumption of
selective service in September,
1850.
Evening star., 1960-05-07
Church Building Boom
On, Methodists Told

The right of Methodist min
listers to take a stand on con-
troversial issues without being
subject to various pressures"
was one of the major pro-
nouncementS directly relating
to the church approved by the
delegates. The statement COM
mended these churchmen for
their courage and insight" and
expressed the hope that they
and others will help to main
tain MethodiSm's historic en-
phasiS on freedom of the press. {"
Another action was the pass
age of a resolution calling for
the formation of a commission
to revise the Methodist hymnal
and report to the 1864 con-
ference,
Evening star., 1960-05-07

900 student and private (Class
81 pilots currently select doctors
from this group.
A public hearing was held
on the regulation change
recently and spokesmen for the
Aircraft Owners and Pilots AS
sociation and others opposed
the move.
The FAA said the change
re-establishes a former prac-
tice.
Evening star., 1960-05-07
Costu Rico Gets V

SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, May
Y (AP).-CoSta Rica's first
television station began opera
tions yesterday. The station is
owned jointly by ABC of the
United States and Costa
Ricans.
Evening star., 1960-05-07

A. N. E. ZION. NV.
Evening star., 1960-05-07
Would Aid Refugees

4. Refugees - They asked
Christians everywhere to help
refugees find permanent resi-
dence and to help in all possi-
BILE ways with their adjustment
to the new environment"
Smyrna times., 1960-11-03
Kent County ASC Board Announces
Selection of Local Election Boards
NEWS OF INTEREST TO FARMERS AN
OF KENT COUNTY

The chairman of each COM
'munity committee elected will
be the community delegates to
the county convention that will
elect the county committee for
the coming year. The Commun-
ity and County ASC committees
elected by the farmers in each
community administer the Fed
eral Governments price support,
wool incentive, soil bank, acre
age allotment, marketing quota
and cost-sharing conservation
programs at the local level.
Committeeman are elected for
one year terms beginning Janu-
airy l, 1861. Members of the
ASC community election board
are:
LIST Community, northeast side
Smyrna times., 1960-11-03
|Mastitis Rate
Runs Greater In
Purchased Cows

The more dairy cows you buy,
the more chances you have for
buying mastitis, County Agent
George Vapaa says. There is al
ways a greater disease risk with
purchased animals than with
those you raise yourself.
Why are purchased animals
more likely to have mastitis?
Every purchased animal un-
dergoes a drastic environmental
change" he says. Like all other
animals, dairy cows react diff
lferently to stress. In dairy cows,
stress is usually greatest in
heavy springers, fresh cows are
COWS in heavy production, and
most requirements are in one or
| the other of these stages when
purchased. Due to this heavy
stress, the animals resistance to
mastitis and other diseases is
lowered"
Most of your new cows will
be trucked. This not only causes
excitement, it increases the
chances of mechanical injury to
the udder. Even after the cows
get home, they will be subjected
to abuse by other members OF
the herd.
Here are a few tips to help
prevent the purchase of mastitis
or other diseases. The cost OF
these practices, when compared
to the cost of a replacement
COW, is very small.
/. Have every animal checked
|by your veterinarian before you
make the purchase.
2. Beware of the seller who is
unwilling 70 have his animals
Examined.
|
| 8. Look for outward signs OF
trouble such as abnormal milk,
an unbalanced or swollen udder,
or the broken-away pendulous
Iudder.
| A. Be extra careful when you
load, haul and unload any dairy
animal.
! S. Isolate the animal for a
week or longer before adding
lher to the herd.
Also keep in mind that the
older a cow gets the more likely
she is to develop mastitis, MIR.
Vapaa added.
Smyrna times., 1960-11-03

Appointment of community
election boards to conduct the
annual election of farmers who
will direct the local farm pro-
gram next year was announced
today by Lister v. Hall, Jr.,
Kent County Agricultural Stab
ilization and Conservation office
manager at Dover.
This is the first step in the
election procedure through
which farmers select a chair
man, vice chairman, regular
member and two alternates in
each community. The commun-
ity elections will be held be-
tween November 2lst and De-
|cember LIST by mail.
The selection of the commun-
|ity election boards announced
today was made by the Kent
ASC election board composed of
George X. Vapaa, Kent County
Extension Agent; Roland E. Gar
rison, president, Kent County
Farm Bureau; Fred Richards, Su-
pervisor, Farmers Home Admin
istration; Francis Thomas, Mast
er, Kent County Pomona Grange
and Fred t. Mott, Conservation
list, Kent County Soil Conserva-
ton Service.