davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Navajo times., 1960-11-01
Ceremonial Panel
Names Chairman

President Charles Vidal named
his working committee heads at
the monthly meeting of Ceremon-
ial directors and the organization
took the first step in long SER
les that will culminate in the
annual event next August 10, II,
IL and 13.
An innovation this year was the
selection of a three-man commit
tee to head up the key committee
of program and parade. Vice
President Eddie Junker will serve
as its chairman, assisted by John
Brentari Jr., and John Kennedy.
Other committee chairmanships
went to Treasurer John Guest. ex-
hibit hall; Gene Baird, buildings
and grounds; Bill Hagberg, tick
cts and grandstand; DR.. Harold
Milan, advertising, publicity and
passes.
Kenneth Smith, concessions and
housing; Robert Allan, budget, fl
nance and lectures; Steve PappaS,
membership and community .rela-
tons; Howard Wilson, law en-
fOrcement.
Mr.. and Mrs. TObe Turpen Jr.,
will be official host and hostess.
Committee members will staff
their committees with interested
workers from among Ceremonial
membership and meet soon after
the end of this year to prepare
working budget requests for final
approval by the board.
Board members approved two
motions to eliminate the present
Ceremonial activity in the fields
of law enforcement and housing
and refer the responsibilities for
those aspects of the Ceremonial to
other local groups.
Secretary Manager Ike Merry
told the group that a simplified
financial report of the 1860 Cere
mOnial was now being prepared
Navajo times., 1960-11-01

Mr.. Hoska Cronemeyer, Char
man OF the Navajo Tribal Council
n.eiecation Committee, and Mr..
Abel Tauchin, member, left O"t0.
ber IS, 1860 to visit with the Ma
vajo people who have relocated
to Denver, Colorado; Cleveiand, O..
Chicago, Illinois and Dallas, Tex.
Mr.. Cronemeyer and MIR. Tau
chin both state that the people
they visited with were glad that
they had the opportunity to take
advantage of the Adult Vocational
Training program and the regular
Relocation programs. All the re-
locates felt that through this pro-
gram they were given a chance
to a better way of living as well
as learning new skills and trades.
Mr.. Cronemeyer and Mr.. Tau
Navajo times., 1960-11-01
HOSKA CRONEMEYER
Navajo Tribe Relocation
Services Committee

chin visited with some of the peO-
pie in their homes. Both were
very well pleased with the adjust
ment these people had made in
their new environment, especially
some of the women who, when
they had left the reservation spoke
or understood very little of the
English language.
Many of these people had pur-
chased some of the modern ap-
pliances, televisiOn sets and rO-
dos.
Mr.. Cronemeyer and Mr.. Tau
chin felt that the members of the
Bureau Of indian Affair, staff in
the Field Relocatiin Offices they
visited were doing an excellent jOb
in counselling and helping the Ma
vajo people to adjust to the new
way of life.
Navajo times., 1960-11-01
Public Health Report
To Tribal Leaders

of the Medical Officer in Charge
of the Division of Indian Health
program on the Navajo Reserva-
ton. am giving the report for
him today because he had to go
to Denver to make arrangements
for the rehabilitation care of our
Navajo patients. Many of you
may rememberS DR.. McCammon
from his previous tour of duty as
Medical Officer in Charge of the
Fort Defiance Hospital from 1949
to 1851. We are indeed fortunate
to have DR.. McCammon as our
chief because he has a very good
understanding of the health pro-
blems the Navajo people face.
Those of you who have met with
him about some of these prob.
lens have seen how we'll he has
put to use this sympathetic under
standing. The Washington Office
has recognized DR.. McCammon's
ability by giving the Window Rock
Office more authority than it pre-
viouSly had. This should lead to
greater efficiency in our Organi-
zatiOn and result in better care
for our Navajo patients.
At our last meeting / mentioned
that the Division of Indian Health
policy is to work with the Navajo
Tribe rather than our doing pro-
grams for you without involving
you in any way. Perhaps one of
the greatest areas of cooperation
between us is in the area of water
development. Since July, 24O shall
low wells and springs have been
designed by our staff and approx
ed for construction by the Tribal
Division of Resources. Of these
projects, 14O have been completed
and 2 have been stopped because
the anticipated water yields or
quality were unsatisfactory. It is
hoped that 65 additional projects
can be completed before bad
weather sets in. Some progress is
being made On projects planned
under Public Law 86-121, Santa
ton Facilities for Indian Com
munities.
The Public Health Service has
submitted to your office the pro-
ject plan proposed for south Tuba
City. The memorandum of agree
ment has been drafted and is be-
ing reviewed by the Tribal Legal
Department. This memorandum
includes a request that the Tribe
take steps to lay out the COM
munity by streets and lots so the
Public Health Service can pro-
ceed with location of water mains
and the distribution system. We
cannot proceed until this has been
done.
Progress on the Fort Defiance
water and sewage project has
been delayed because of a lack
Of agreement on a mutually satis-
factory charge for water and sew
age disposal. A meeting will be
held later this week. 1t is hoped
that this can he settled at that
time. It is very important that
agreement on this be obtained in
the near future or it will be nec-
essry to shift the funds for this
project to another reServtiOn.
Low pressure water system pro-
ject agreements for St. Michael's
White House. and Chinle have
been drafted and are beng re-
viewed by the Tribal Legal De-
partment. Engineering date are
being compiled for the Lukachu-
kai project. We anticipate that the
write-up on this project will be
ready by January, 1861 and funds
will be requested to begin con-
structi0n in the fourth quarter of
this fiscal year.
The agreement as proposed by
the Public Health Service to inn
Z Il
Navajo times., 1960-11-01

will receive the complete assemb-
led unit, including the three alu-
minum barrels. The $40 paid for
the unit by each family is paid
back to the Tribe.
Through cooperative efforts of
the Tribe and Public Health Serv-
ice, education material in the
form of flip charts and handbooks
are being developed and printed
which will explain the home wat
er storage system through use Of
water barrels. This educational
material will also explain in de-
tail the assembly procedures of
these units. g
The Shallow Well and Spring
Program plans for the Aneth area
have been drafted by the Public
Health Service. Funds to cover
projects in this area have been
authorized by the Utah Indian AT
fairs Commission. The proposed
program and agreements are in
the hands of the Tribal Legal De-
partment and the Utah Indian Af-
fairs Commission for their review
and approval.
In looking to the future we have
been advised by the Bureau of
Indian Affairs Plant Design and
Construction Branch that the new
Gallup Hospital will be ready for
final inspection sometime in Feb
ruary Or March 1851. / might ex-
plain here that this Branch of
Bureau of Indian Affairs handles
all building construction programs
for the Public Health Service. Af-
ter the hospital has been turned
over to the Public Health Service
there will be a time lapse of
several weeks during which beds
will be set up, new equipment
will be checked over, and sup
plies stockpiled. After that, it will
take four to eight months before
the hospital is operating at capac-
ity. depending on how well we
are able to recruit an adequate
staff of workers. Most of the
service chiefs are already on duty
at Fort Defiance and will be trans
ferred to the Gallup Hospital when
it opens.
I think many of you have been
wondering what will happen to
Fort Defiance Hospital when the
Gallup Hospital opens. l would
like to share with you some of
our ideas On how these two hos
pitals will relate to each other.
First, the Gallup Hospital will be
the main medical center for the
Navajo Reservation. That means
that complicated cases that are
now being sent to Fort Defiance
Hospital will be sent to the Gallup
Hospital in the future. This means
that there will be some decrease
in the total number of patients
that will be cared for at Fort
Defiance. This decrease in load
will in turn mean that fewer en-
ployces are needed to care for
fewer patients. The employees so
affected will be offered similar
positions in the Gallup Hospital.
think this will have advantages
for then NavajOs will be taken
care of by some Of their old
friends who were employees at
Fort Defiance. This should help
them feel happier in the new hos
pital. BY transferring DR.. O'Kane
to the Gallup Hospital as Medical
Officer in Charge, the same STAN
dard of good medical care should
be maintained.
For many years We have wor-
ried about the danger of fire in
the old wooden sanatorium build /.
ing. For that reason, it is plan
ned that as beds become available |
-
Arizona tribune., 1960-04-15

Cancer will strike in approx
mately two of three American
families. The American Cancer
Society says that the best protec-
tion against possible death from
cancer is an annual health check
up.
Arizona tribune., 1960-04-15

DONKEY TO be given away on
May |, with saddle and bride.
No purchase neeess sary. Come
in and regis
So. Phoenix Furniture Co.
4l0l S. Central
Arizona tribune., 1960-04-15
ESTATE SETTLEMENTS

We pick up several each month.
5 Rms. furniture, like new, incl.
stove, refrig, washer, TV, 2 bdrm.
liv. rm. dinette, vacuum clner,
silver and dishes. All 1869. Pay
S. Wk. Save 70 Percent at
DAMAGED FRT. WAREHOUSE
6O7 N. 18th Ave.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
MoneiIIo-Nutt

Col. James D. Mutt. USA,
and Mrs. Mutt announce the
marriage Of their daughter
Angela to Mr. James Louis
Mongillo, son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
James A. Mongillo of An
sonia, Conn. The wedding
took place yesterday at st.
Paul's Church, Wellesley,
Mass. The couple will live
in San Francisco.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
CorsWeII-Boone

Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Rob-
inson Boone Of Arlington an
nounce the marriage of their
daughter Ann Elizabeth to
Mr.. William Carswell, jr., son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Carswell of
Jacksonville, Fla. The we'd
ding took place June 9 at the
New York avenue Presby-
terian Church.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
Prestero-Hester

Mr.. and Mrs. Hugh Hester
of TuScumbia, Ala. announce
the marriage of their daugh-
ter Ann Teresa to 1t. Rich
ard A. Prestera, USMC. son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Dominick
Prestera of Arlington. The
wedding took place yesterday
at st. AIMS Catholic Church.
The couple will live in Ar
lington.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
Winebrenner-Berry

Mr.. and Mrs. Robert War;
rem Berry announce the mar
riage of their daughter Bar
bara to Mr.. Tommy Lee
Winebrenner, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Heber Winebrenner of
Union Mills. Ind. The we'd
ding took place yesterday at
the Chevy Chase Presby-
terian Church.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
StoIIinqs-Morrison

Mr.. and Mrs. Claude A.
Morrison announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Ruth
Ann to Mr.. William H. Stall
lings III, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Stallings. jr. The wedding
took place June 4 at the
Ryland Methodist Church.
The couple will live here.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
Schmidt Crawford

Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Paul
Crawford Of Melrose, Fla,
announce the marriage Of
their daughter Carol Patricia
to Mr.. James Otto Schmidt,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Aloysius
Francis Schmidt. The we'd
ding took place yesterday at
the Church of the Assump-
ton. Jacksonville, Fla.
Evening star., 1960-06-12

Mrs. Robert Gomezplata Of
Roslyn, N. Y, and Colombia.
South America. The wedding
took place yesterday at st.
Marks Catholic Church,
University Hills. The couple
will live in Hyattsville.
Evening star., 1960-06-12

announce the marriage of
their daughter Jane Kendall
to Mr.. William Mann Irvine
'Slade, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Clarke Winship Slade of
Sandy Spring, Md. The we'd
ding took place yesterday at
Oakdale Emory Methodist
Church, Olney. The couple
will live in Silver Spring.
Evening star., 1960-06-12

nounce the marriage Of their
daughter Carolyn Ethel to
Mr.. John Earl Talley, son Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas C..
Talley Of Henagar. Ala. The
wedding took place July 4 at
the Woodside Methodist
Church. The couple will live
in Hyattsville.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
RobiI- I-Bourgeois !

Rear Admiral Aubrey j,
Bourgeois, USN, and Mrs,
Bourgeois announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Suz-
anne Marguerite to Mr.. Louis
Rabil, son of Mr.. and Mrs,
Ameal Rabil of Weldon, N. C,
The wedding took place yes
terday in the Memorial
Chapel of Walter Reed Army
Medical Center. The couple
will live in Arlington.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
SiIvo-Argiriou

Mr.. and Mrs. Costas j.
Argiriou announce the mar
riage of their daughter Maria
Elizabeth to DR.. Carlos AL
berto Silva, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Jovito Silva of Colombia,
Evening star., 1960-06-12
StockpoIe-EveIeth

Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence
Nelson Eveleth of Falls
Church announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Laurie
Jean to Mr.. John Duke Stack
pole. son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Pierpont Stackpole of Milton,
Mass. The wedding took
place yesterday at st. James
Church. Falls Church. The
couple will live in Concord,
Mass.
Evening star., 1960-06-12

South America. The wedding
took place June 5 at the Greek
Orthodox Cathedral of st.
Sophia. The couple will live
here.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
GonezpIoto-WoIf

DR.. and Mrs. Alfred Wolf
of Adelphi, Md, announce
the marriage of their daugh-
ter Eva Maria to DR.. Albert
Gomezplata, son of Mr.. and
Evening star., 1960-06-12
Meinicke-D

Mr.. and Mrs. Philip van
Uytendaele diZerega Of Ar
lington announce the mar
riage Of their daughter Alice
Almiede to Ensign Thomas
Alfred Meinicke, USN, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Merton Lee
Meinicke of Portland, Greg.
The wedding took place yes
terday at the United States
Naval Academy Chapel. The
couple will live in San Fran
cisco.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
WEDDINGS

and Mrs. M. Carr Leffler. The
wedding took place June 4 at
the Metropolitan Baptist
Church. The couple will hive
here.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
LeffIer-FoW

Announcement is made Of
the marriage Of Miss Louise
Fowler. daughter Of the late
Mrs. Alice Fowler, to Mr..
Philip K. Leff1er, son Of Mr..
Evening star., 1960-06-12
Penniston-KendoII

Mr.. and Mrs. Otis Angus
tus Kendall Of Wellesley,
Mass, and Saco, Me, an
nounee the marriage of their
daughter Joyce Carolyn to
Mr.. John Thomas Permission,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Alonzo
S. Permission of Arlington.
The wedding took place yes
terday at the Wellesley Con-
gregational Church. The
couple will live in Cambridge,
Mass.
Evening star., 1960-06-12
SIode-WiIIioms

Mr.. and Mrs. Barnsley
Williams of Clarksville, Md,
Evening star., 1960-06-12
ToIIey-Cox

Mr.. and Mrs. Rodney v.
Cox of Silver Spring an
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

with a church nearby, and this
was a very good meeting, and
these churches and the good
people of Tutwiler made it
pleasant for all of the mess
engers, they had plenty homes
and food for everyone, and
they did their best to make
every one feel at home. The
finances was very good as well
Everybody left with the deter
mination to do, or make the
next session greater success
Rev. L. S. Sorrell, Pres. Par
ent body, Rev. r. l.. Washing
ton, secretary.
Rev. A. w. Moore, Cor. Sec;
DR.. j. N. Rucker, Treasurer.
DOMAINS Auxiliary:
Mrs. B. c. Whitfield, Pres,
Miss Woodsie M. Hill, Secty :,
Mrs. Johnnie Thomas, Cor.
Secty.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

The Seniors invite you to
their pre-ChristmaS dance on
Wednesday night, December
Il, 1860 at 800 p. m. This will
probably be the last affair
sponsored by the seniors for
the entire school before their
departure. Music will be furn-
ished by the Downbeats. Tic
kets may be purchased from
any of the seniors or the spon-
sOr, Mrs. Jordan. Student tic
ketS are 75c and adult SIPS.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03
TutwiIer News

The Progressive Baptist
State Convention, held Extra
Session Nov. 25, 26, 1860 with
messengers from owe, the
State, the Theme: Phil. Alb.
The President Rev. L. S. Sor-
rell, opened the meeting, and
some of the speakers were
Rev. J. w. Williams, Rev. P.
l.. Morgan, Rex. X. L. Will
liams, Rev. j. A. Randle, and
many others all of the mess
ages was very helpful to all
that heard them. Parent body
held their meeting with The
Gallean Baptist Church, while
the women, session was held
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03
On Saturday. November 26

On Saturday, November rs,
Mrs. Georgia Taylor was
pleased to have her brother.
Mr.. I. c. Duckworth of De-
troit, Michigan, as a visitor in
her home. This was his first
visit to the state in ten years.
He returned to his Michigan
home November %, and was
accompanied by his mother,
Mrs. l.. j. Duckworth, who
will visit for a while with her
baby son, Mr.. James Duck
worth. Mrs. Taylor asks the
prayers of her many friends
for her mother.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03
Pearson News
Mrs. Georgia Taylor, Agent

Sunday, November 27, the
Mt. Elem Sunday School OPP
ened at the usual hour with
Supt. Will Shoto in charge and
all classes being well taught
by the teachers. The lesson
was reviewed by Rev. E. ID.
Terrell with timely remarks
being made by Rev. Bailey
and the pastor, Rev. r. l.. L.
Smith.
Sunday being pastoral day,
the services opened with de-
votion led by Bro. A. b. Ter
rell, Bro. M. c. Mangum and
Rev. Bailey. A soul-stirring
message was brought by Pas
tor Smith. Welcomed visitors
to this service were Bro. Joe
Byrd and Bro. G.. w. Jackson,
both of Florence, also Mrs.
r. L. T. Smith and son from
Jackson. There was other Wis
itors whose names are not a
valuable at this writing.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Our basketball teams have
opened their seasons play for
the year. The boys are unde-
feated, the girls having one
defeat. The Hawks and Haw-
kettles really upset Scott highs
homecoming at Madison on
Tuesday night of last week.
The girls game was a thrill
Ter with the score tied at the
end of the game. The playoff
saw the Hawkettes edge Scott
High with a one point lead.
The players carried their
teammate Eunice Hudson out
of the gym for making this
tie breaking score. The Hawks
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Mrs. Ida M. Hines and Miss
Clarie M. Hines spent Thanks
giving Day in the home of Mr.
and Mrs. Sidney Melvin of
Brandon and were served a
tasty Turkey dinner with all
the trimmings. Mrs. Melvin
is the sister of Miss Celia M.
Hines and both ladies are ME
ces OF Mrs. Georgia Taylor.
The Melvins have one small
daughter, Diam Melvin.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Guests in the home of Mrs.
Georgia Taylor on Sunday in
cluded her daughter, Mrs. Ora
b. Pempton, Mr.. and Mrs.
1. j. Singleton and Mrs. Jo-
sephine Wilson, all of Jack
son.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

The Student Council has
seen to it that we have a time
clock in our gym. They are
still working on this project
as well as getting ready for
our Homecoming on Deem
Der Is, 1860. Let's hope that
Coach Jordan's Hawks will
not let Madison mar our
Homecoming as they did
the rs. They are after you fell
lows!
There will be more news
from our school soon.
Mrs. NJ. Imogene Jordan,
School Reporter.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Ion. Mrs. Taylor asks that
you send all news to her at
Route g. Box 80, Jackson, or
call FL 2-7452.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Sick and Shut-Ins: Mrs. Jul
liza Shoto, Miss Hattie B. Man
gum, Mrs. Minnie Lee Wat
kins, Mrs. Wisely Taylor. Mrs.
Maggie Brandon is up and a
bout her duties again. Prayer
is asked for these and other
shut-ins.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

The Junior choir rehearsal
will be held December 3 at 2:
p. m. at the Mt. Elem Church.
Mrs. Taylor asks all members
to be present. Mrs. Leonia
Terrell, chairman.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Rev. and Mrs. r. l.. T.
Smith were dinner guests in
the home of Mrs. Pearlie Lo-
vie on Sunday, November 81.
They report en- enjoyable day.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

in their new suits, really put
on fine performance thru
out the game. Our teams will
play Rogers High school of
Canton in our gym on Friday
night, Dec. 2, 1850, at 7:3O p.
m. Come out to all of our
games and support the team
of your choice.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03
FIoru News
Mrs. Bell Mae Anderson
Agent

Agent
Well, here it is again-news
from East Flora High school
of course. And what news it
is
| told you that I'd be letting
you know about our School
Dedication program. Sunday,
December 4, 1860, at 800 p.
m. is the date and time. Our
program will be as follows:
Prelude
Song: The Star Spangled
Banner.
Invocation: Rev. P. F. Par
ker.
Song: High school chorus.
The Occasion: Miss Geor-
gia Garrett.
Introduction of Madison Co
unity Board of Education: Mr..
Robert Cox. County Superin-
tendent of Education.
Introduction of Flora Board,
Mr.. B. t. Akers, Supt. of
Flora High School.
Greetings: State. Depart
ment of Education.
Music: High school chours.
Appropriations: The Parents,
Mrs. Margaret Thompson;
The Alumni, Dorothy Green;
The Students, Marie Thomp-
son.
Music: High school chorus.
Introduction of Speaker:
Mr.. A. E. Martin, Principal
of East Flora High school.
Dedicatory address: Rev.
Allen L. Johnson, Pastor, St.
Stevens Methodist Church of
Yazoo City.
Music: High school chorus.
Introduction of Guests: Mr..
f. w. Jackson, Elementary
Principal.
Alma Mater; Benediction.
Tour of Building: Guides in
Charge.
Refreshments in Cafeteria.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Our school cafeteria OPEN
ed about a month ago and the
students are really taking to
the hot lunches served there.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

Our School Drive ended last
month with great success. We
were able to purchase the
piano and stage curtains that
we had as a project. We wish
to thank all of those who help
ed us in this drive.
The Mississippi enterprise. (Jackson, Miss.) 1938-current, 1960-12-03

New Readers: Mr.. A. Dill
Evening star., 1960-07-16
Air Reservists
Fly to 7 raining

More than $50 Washington
area Marine air reservists were
to leave here today for two
weeks training at the Marine
Air Station at Cherry Point,
N. c.
They will be among 1000
reservists from across the Ma
tion taking part in Operation
VIGIL" putting to practice skills
learned as weekend warriors
through the year.
Pilots will train in close air
support of ground troops, in
strument flying and other skllls
a combat pilot must develop.
Ground crews will be working
overtime, keeping in mind that
it takes 10 hours of mainte-
nance to keep an aircraft aloft
Evening star., 1960-07-16

Standard Division In East
Hartford, Manchester, Windsor
Locks and Broad Brook.
Meantime, the UAW was
having its troubles at the
Sikorsky Aircraft plants in
Bridgeport and Stratford,
which comprise still another
division of United Aircraft.
Negotiations between the
union and company were sus-
pended indefinitely while the
National Labor Relations
Board considered a petition
from 1,700 nonstrikers to oust
the UAW as bargaining agent
at Sikorsky.
In West Palm Beach, Fla, a
strike at United's Pratt g.
Whitney aircraft research and
development center was settled
after a walkout of three weeks
by the lam.