davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1960-04-28
&c Teachers Impress
Visiting Educators

picture of his house on a
large area map in the class
room, at the spot where it
actually is; then the teacher
showed them places in the
Hilltop and other regions of
the East Cleveland Cleveland
Heights area. to prepare
them for their trip. They
also were given blank maps
to carry with them.
Travelling by bus, the boys
and girls first went to the bank
in Nela Park, where they were
shown the various windows
desks, and machines. They were
each given a shiny new penny
as a souvenir of their visit
there. Then they were driven
down the hill to the main part
of East Cleveland, and saw
many of the prominent build
ings on Euclid ave., as well as
Kirk Junior High School on
Terrace rd.
As each public building or
school was reached, they check
ed them off on their individual
maps. In this way they secured
a much better idea of what their
city was like, and understood
a great deal more about what
a map says, and what they can
learn from it.
PROSPECT
"The Birth of Florida Key"
was the subject of a nature
film recently seen by the upper
four grades in Prospect School.
They learned that the seeds of
the mangrove tree are the only
kind that will sprout in salt
water; but that once these trees
catch hold in some shallow
stretch Of sea, the other max
ings Of an island are not long
in coming. Sand falls at the
roots of the mangrove trees,
and builds up land; then birds
and seeds, and before
many years have passed, there
IS a whole island that Man can
and on and inhabit.
The motion picture told the
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1960-04-28

way they could decide what
kind of lesson and what group
of children they wanted to visit.
The duplicated notes also con-
tanned some general informa-
tion about East Cleveland's
schools, and data on Mayfair
in particular.
SUPERIOR showed the visi-
tors a scientific experiment
that their Science Activities
Group had set up, under the
direction of sixth grade teacher
Stanton Downs. After making
a study Of electricity and mag
netism, the children in the
group had constructed a tele-
graph system consisting of a
sender and receiver in each of
two second-floor rooms, and
connected them with a wire
strung outdoors between win
dows. They started learning
the Morse code, and tapped out
actual telegraph messages from
one of the classrooms to the
other. The visiting A.C.E.I. ed
ucators were quite impressed
with the knowledge of tele-
graphy shown by the youngs-
ters.
CHAMBERS
Perhaps children aren't get
ting smarter younger, but
sometimes it seems so. Two
years ago we printed a story
about a third grade class learn
ing to tell time; last year we
ran across a second grade en-
gagged in this interesting and
necessary job; and last week
we found first grade class at
Chambers School, whose teach
er is Mrs. w. James Dunn, al
ready constructing clock faces
and learning the hours of the
day.
These boys and girls have |
made a whole set of pie
plate clock faces, on which
all of the twelve hour num-
bers are correctly placed, to.
gether with long hand and
a short hand.
The children have arranged
these clock faces in a series
of hour-panels, with each
panel of faces set at the same
time, as follows: "Time to
get up 700; Time for lunch
1900; Time to 60 home
$3.50; Time for dinner, 800;
Time for bed, 7:30."
1t might be observed that the
of a circle into twelve
equal segments is in itself
quite a drafting chore for chill
dren so young. Besides this,
and the placing of the hands
correctly, many children decor
ated the circumferences of their
clocks with colored borders, also
geometrically divided. Now if
the boys and girls all just stick
to these times, they will be bet
ter off for it.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1960-04-28
CALEDONIA

A tour of their neighborhood
taken recently by Miss Judy
Funk's third grade pupils al
Caledonia School was the cul-
mination of a period of map
study, intended to make them
familiar with the region in
which they live.
Each child has drawn a
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1960-04-28
SIX SKIES

Last Wednesday, East Cleveland's grade schools
played host to eighty educators from all over the
country members of professional organization called
the Association for Childhood Education International
This association called ACEI for short, has many
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1960-04-28

story Of . family from thu
North that did just that; frs,
they camped on a small "key'
or island, and after a few
years they had built their home
on it. Think of all of that
beach.
ROZELLE
Here we have gone on fol
some years now, and very little
have we said about some of the
most indispensable people ir
our public schools: the custodi-
ans. They just keep everything
clean and running, that's all
But every now and then, one
Of them makes the kind of news
that we like to write about,
when something they have done
gives a nice boost to the educa-
tlonal process. One such is jim
Blech, the assistant custodian
at Rozelle School.
Mr.. Blech makes model
ships, and very good ones.
For some time he has had a
model of a famous clipper
ship of the old days, the "Sea
Witch" in a room in the base
ment. 1t took a hundred
hours to make, and cost al
most as many dollars; and it
is a faithful reproduction of
a swift clipper which played
a significant part in the
sailing history of the early
1S00's.
Evening star., 1960-05-31
Stevenson S Pre-Sumn1it Interview

ued to ask. What can I do?'
and he continued: If I print
what Stevenson said to me, I
could stir great concern in
France; it would be bad. per-
haps.'
IF I am a fair judge Of
SIN e n. after 40 years
service myself. Boulay is a
dedicated reporter who very
likely heard what Adlai had
to say with complete under
standing"
The April 81 issue of the
Mansfield News quoted Mr..
Boulay as saying he had i'm
portant information which he
was forced to sit on" be-
cause of his. off-the-record
pledge with Mr.. Stevenson.
When Mr.. Boulay got to
Paris. he evidently made up
his mind that, just as Amer
ican Senators and Repre-
sentatives often leak" to the
press information from con-
fidential off-the-record seS-
sions and justify this as being
''in the public interest,"" he
would do the same.
So the Paris-Presse pub
lished the interview in detail,
and Nikita Khrushchev read
it before the Paris conference
began. In fact, he para
phrased one of the quotations
in a speech he delivered a
few days later.
The Kremlin has for many
months been given to under
stand by leading Democrats
in this country, through their
published utteranceS, that if
a Democratic administration
comes into power. things will
be better for the Moscow re-
gime. What the Kremlin
doesn't understand, however,
is that all this is largely Just
partisan politics and that, if
the Democrats do win the
presidency. their foreign pol
icy probably will not differ
much from that of the pre-
ceding administration. It
does illustrate perhaps the
lack of coordination among
the Democratic leaders Just
now and their faulty sense
Of timing as they continue
to harp on their own Gov
ernment's alleged mistakes In
the U-2 incident.
copyright. 1e6O
Evening star., 1960-05-31
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Lyndon johnson indicates Nixon and Kennedy are too
to handle Khrushchev 1t remains to be however
whether they're too young to handle johnson.
Some Republicans would like to close ranks behind
ticket of Nelson Rockefeller and Barry Godwater-and
march of proudly in opposite directions.
Politicians attack Jack Kennedy's campaign spending
They he's guilty of the worst political s-spendng his
money instead of somebody elses.
New definition of the CLA-Classfed Innocents
Abroad.
U2 progress report According to the Democrats, the
Eisenhower team Just hasn't got the goods 1t can't
make up a story out of the whole CLOTH
Internal Revenue ghtens expense account spend
ing One executive dducts the of his psychiarst
the theory nobody in his right mind would
company he
Evening star., 1960-05-31
PouIing Calls
Teller Enemy
OF Peace

CLEVELAND. May 81 (AP)
Men like DR.. Edward Teller,
often called the father of the
hydrogen bomb" are the real
enemies of civilization, DR.. Lii
mus Pauling said last night.
DR.. Pauling. Nobel Prize
winner in 1854 for chemistry,
spoke at a peace conference in
Severence Hall. The meeting,
attended by about $500 per-
sons, was sponsored by the
Cleveland Committee for a Sane
Nuclear Policy.
DR.. Teller. the speaker said,
represents "a small but highly
influential group of militarists"
that is working to preserve war.
Similar small groups are in
the Soviet Union. and they are
equally as dangerous to man
kind, DR.. Pauling maintained.
He named Gerhardt D.
Bleicken, vice president of the
Evening star., 1960-05-31

John Hancock Mutual Life
Insurance Co. and a member of
the National Academy of
Sciences Civil Defense Advi-
sorry Committee, as another
American example of this
powerful group.
DR.. Teller, reached at his
home in Berkeley, Calf, COM
'Dr. Pauling has said
it frequently before and 1 have
answered him frequently"
Linus Pauling and both
are for peace, but apparently
he will not recognize it." DR..
Teller said. Disarmament has
been tried before and has led
to disaster. Similarly, it could
have catastrophe consequences
If it were tried again."
Evening star., 1960-05-31
Vice President Seeks Big Vote in Primary
Without Personally Entering Campaign

capped also by the growing
excitement in voter-heavy
Los Angeles over it's first ma
tional convention, which has
mobilized the host Demo-
Gratis beyond what is usual
at this time.
For the first time really
this primary will see Mr..
Nixon on his own here.
Magic names-Farl Warren
and Dwight Eisenhower
were at the top of the ballot
in his other races for the
House. the Senate and the
vice presidency. Both men
drew strongly from the op-
position and built personal
rather than party majorities
which trickled down to their
fellow = Republican candi-
dates.
A good showing here by
the Vice President will be of
passing interest to the public,
but it will be extremely well
come news to the Republican
politicians who have staked
everything on his star quail
ity.
The same politicians have
persuaded him to depart in
one instance from the pre-
convention strategy of dis
engagement he has plotted
in his own interest. He will
go into North Dakota to help
Gov. John Davis who is run
ming against Representative
Quentin Burdick for the
Senate seat of the late wild
Bill" LANCER.
That special election June
Evening star., 1960-05-31

Despite the unquestioned
loyalty of the Turkish gov
ernment of tough Adnan
Menderes to the cause of
the free world. the military
coup will result in a
strengthened Turkey.
Mr.. Menderes, like most
men who have tasted power
too long, considered himself
indispensable. He felt that
the legitimate challenges of
the opposition Liberal Party
were dictated solely by the
desire to get on the gravy
train.
While he STRENGTHENED
Turkey considerably, mill
tarily he spent, like a
drunken sailor, money from
the taxpayers pockets. bill
lions in American aid and
large amounts borrowed
from Germany, France and
Britain. Neither he nor his
principal aides were corrupt
or venal.
Mr.. MendereS, however. had
delusionS of grandeur. He
wanted to make Turkey, a
basically agricultural coun-
try, into a self-Sufficient in
dustrial state. He failed to
realize that such a monu-
mental transformation could
not be done in a mans life
time.
Mr.. Menderes rode rough
shod over everything and
everybody in the way. This
brought Turkey close 20
financial catastrophe despite
the outside assistance. When
the situation appeared to be
deteriorating beyond repair.
Mr.. MendereS. instead of
slowing down, assumed a
virtual dictatorship and dis
regarded the dangers of the
impending upheaval. At this
juncture the army stepped in
and caused the downfall of
the Democratic Party headed
nominally by the aged and
tired President Celal Bayar.
The Turkish Army is, in
the wide Interpretation of
the word, nonpolitical. But
whenever the country is in
real danger because of OBJ
Evening star., 1960-05-31
DAVID LAWRENCE

To what extent has Nikita
Khrushchev been encouraged
by prominent Democrats in
this country to believe that
it is no longer worth while
to negotiate with Preside. 1t
Eisenhower because a DEM
ocratic administration is COM
ing into power next January,
when presumably thing S
would be easier for the So
vietS?
This question may become
as important as the one the
Democrats have raised in
blaming the President for the
collapse of the summit con-
ference. IN fact Adlai Ste
venson was quoted in an In
terview published in Paris
on the eve of the conference
as promising that m a jor
changes in foreign policy
would come after the No
vember elections in this coun-
try.
Mr.. Stevenson at first de-
MED that he gave the inter-
view to the Paris newspaper
man, Robert Boulay. but the
next day he admitted it and
said the French visitor at his
home wasn't very good with
his English and doubtless
miSinterpreted what was said.
The Senate recently had a
spirited debate over what was
supposed to have been said
by Mr.. Stevenson in the
same interview.
This correspondent pub
lished the Stevenson denials,
but now is in receipt of a
letter from Howard N. Fow-
Ter. managing editor of the
M ansfield CMaSS.) News,
which throws new light on
the controversy. He writes:
Robert Boulay was in the
United States on a tour ar
ranged by Mr.. William Had
ley, jr.. of the Governmental
Affairs Institute, Washington.
AS a former Mans6eldian.
Hadley is an acquaintance of
mine. He asked if would
host Boulay for a few days
to enable the visitor to get a
little of the flavor of small
town American grass roots.
I accepted.
Evening star., 1960-05-31
Non-PoliticoI Army's Action Called
Timely, After Menderes Tactics
CONSTANTINE BROWN

viouS mislule it asserts itself.
Thus the despotic regime Of
the sultans was terminated at
the turn of the century by a
military junta headed by Col.
Enver Bey, a young army
officer. assisted by a group of
young political minded men
known then as the Young
Turks"
After World War I it was
another military man, Kemal
Ataturk, who headed the sue
cessful revolution which led
to the creation of modern
Turkey and resulted not only
in the overthrow of the sui
tanate but also the military
defeat of Greece which had
been strongly supported by
Britain. Soon thereafter the
army became nonpolitical
again.
When Kemal Pasha be-
came the first President of
Turkey he divested himself
of all military rank. His pic
lures and statues are all over
the country. But he is always
represented in tailcoat and
white tie, never in military
uniform. This was done at
his express orders. He, a pro-
feSsional soldier, wanted to
be divorced from the army
to which he had belonged
since his early youth.
The greatest psychological
blunder made by Mr.. Men
deres was to order the army
to prevent the head of the
opposition, Ismet Inonu, from
speaking to the people. He
forgot that Ismet. now a po-
litical leader, had been Ke-
mails chief of staff during the
war OF liberation. He became
Evening star., 1960-05-31
Views on Post-EIection Shift in U.S..
Seen Linked to Khrushchev BIowup

BE assured, Boulay does
speak fluent English, al
though this was his first
visit to the United States.
He lived in my home four
days. was introduced to many
of my friends, and was found
to be a most interesting and
articulate fellow at a small
dinner which I hoSted.
Almost instantly upon
his arrival at Boston's Logan
Airfleld, Boulay expressed
grave concern over an inter-
view he had with Adlai Ste
venson. He repeated to me
many times this concern.
First, he was concerned
because. in effect, Steven
son had said to Boulay, This
is of the record and in the
same interview commented,
I'm not telling you anything
I haven't said a thousand
times before
The inclosed copy of our
News has a brief reference
to Boulay's concern. Boulay
told several of us here that
he asked Stevenson if he
could foresee change in
American foreign policy. Bou-
lay reported that Stevenson
said without hesitation,
Drastic change
"Boulay said he pressed
Stevenson for amplification.
Stevenson said he would
gradually withdraw American
troops from Germany.
Stevenson told Boulay. or
plainly inferred, that he is
not averse to compromise
with Russia and concessions
in the nuclear field. In the
short time Boulay was in
Mansfield, during which he
dined one evening with me,
a ranking lawyer, a New Eng
land business executive, a
greenhouse operator, a radio
station president and others.
he left the impression of
being a very serious-minded
chap, we'll educated, very
well read. unusually conver-
SAINT with world affairs, and
very much disturbed by what
Stevenson said. AS he left my
home for the ride to Boston
for his departure, he contin-
Evening star., 1960-05-31
Early and Heavy Viewing Diet Spurs
Study of Good and Bad implications

regarded as corrupters of
youth.
But none of these media
had the potency of television.
While there are variations, Is
per cent of eighth grade
children, for example, view
television four hours or more
on a school day and 10 per
cent view it a half-hour or
less Children in isolated
towns in mountain or prairie
States spend longer hours be-
fore the screens than those
in larger cities.
Moreover. children's use of
television begins very early.
BY the age of three one third
of them are seeing television.
DR.. Schramm relates that in
the course of the study he
was in more than one home
where the baby's bassinet was
pushed right up in front of
the set and "the young fell
lows eyes were darting back
and forth to follow the horses
across the screen" BY the age
of five, 80 per cent are view
ing, and by the age of six,
80 per cent.
The study is not yet COM
pleted, but some deductions
are already accepted. In the
first grade the children who
watch TV daily and who
profit most in vocabulary are
the bright, or fast, learners,
and the slow. The former
show a vocabulary increase
Of about 80 per cent, the
latter Is. The average pupil,
always rather passive, shows
little reaction.
But by the twelfth grade,
the fast learners who have
not been TV viewers catch
up. By that grade children
tend to watch it less.
Evening star., 1960-05-31
ION0T ANIME BKOWN
For a Strengthened Turkey

later his right-hand man and
successor in the presidency.
There are many members
of the armed forces. includ-
ing the present head of the
junta which overthrew Mr..
Menderes, who had served un-
der Ismet Pasna. The fact
that he, too, divested himself
of the uniform and high mil
itary rank when he succeed
ed Kemal as head of state is
of no consequence. But he
remained in the minds of the
tough Turkish soldiers the
same Ismet Pasha who had
led the hungry and poorly
equipped soldiers of the re-
public to a decisive victory
against the Greek forces at
the Battle of Sakaria. When
MendereS ordered the army
to forcefully stop the old SOL
dier from speaking to his peo-
pie, the cup was filled to the
brim. 1t. Gen. Genial Gursel
took the initiative which re-
suited in the bloodless coup
that put an end to the Men,
deres regime and may return
one-party government to
Turkey.
The action of the non-
political Turkish Army is not
an isolated incident in the
world Of today. We saw this
happen in Pakistan where
Gen. Ayub put an end to the
democratic" regime which
had practically ruined the
country in IL years of rule.
And we saw the same modern
phenomenon happen In
France where the army over
threw the Fourth Republic
and placed Gen. Charles de
Gaulle at the head of the
country. Both countries were
saved in the nick of time from
a political, economic and
moral moraSs.
Evening star., 1960-05-31
DORIS FLEESON
Nixon Avoids His Native State

% will offer a test of farm
sentiment on the eve of the
conventions. Its awkward
ness for Mr.. Nixon lies in the
fact that while North Da-
kota is one of the few States
in which Eisenhower Benson
farm policy may be the
make-or-break issue, he is
not yet in a position to de-
tach himself from it.
Mr.. Nixon knows well how
unpopular the Secretary Of
Agriculture is in the Midwest;
Republicans there have load
ed on him the apprehensionS
that the President has refused
to heed. He has disentangled
himself as much as he feels
is wise now from Mr.. Benson;
he had hoped to skirt the
problem until his nomination
is an accomplished fact.
What persuaded him was
his party's dire need, not just
in North Dakota but in nine
other Senate races in or near
the Northern Great Plains.
1t is a Republican misfortune
that so many of the seats it
needs to retain for any show
ing in the next Congress
should be located in the area
most affected by the biggest
single domestic failure of the
Eisenhower administration.
The fate of the Republican
Senators of the area is tied
to Mr.. Nixon's own. Unless
the farmers can be persuaded
that they are not to blame,
the Nixon candidacy will be
badly handicapped in the
States which once helped to
balance the solid South in
the electoral college.
Evening star., 1960-05-31
DORIS FLEESON

LOS ANGELES. - Vice
President Nixon is ostenta-
tiously avoiding his native
State prior to its presidential
primary next week. If his
own vote is unsatisfactory,
he will point out that he
did not campaign. II it
surpaSses or comes close to
that of the Democratic IA
vorite son, Gov. Brown, the
same fact will be useful in
suggesting that had Mr..
Nixon only campaigned he
would have smothered the
opposition.
Actually, he is directing a
last-minute saturation cam
paign to get out a big Nixon
vote next Tuesday, and party
leaders are warmly CO.
operating in it. 1t includes
advertising and urgent tele-
phone solicitation, a combi-
nation which got results in
other States, notably Indi-
ana.
Two factors operate in his
favor. One is the anti-Brown
drive of Pension Promoter
George McLain. The other is
that Gov. Brown is not a
serious candidate for Presi-
dent and is currently suffer-
ing from a diminution. in
popularity due in part to the
ChesSman case.
The Vice President still
has to contend with the
Democratic advantage of
about three to two in regis
tration. He may be handi-
Evening star., 1960-05-31
ALPH McGILL

Educational researchers like
DR.. Wilbur Schramm, who
is director of the Institute
for Communication Research
at Stanford, argues that since
a typical child already de-
votes one-sixth of his waking
hours to television outside
school. it is important to
know some of the implica-
tions of this fact.
The question is not what
television is doing to the
child, but what the child is
doing with 1t.
Only about 10 per cent of
American children are be-
ing taught by educational tel
evision. But DR.. Schramm
points out that at least IS
per cent of our children of
school age have had the eX-
perience of recreational tele-
vision and 80 per cent have
this experience quite regu-
larly.
A child is always learning
and certainly any experience
which occupies so much of his
time must, DR.. Schramm
says, play some part in shap-
ing the child who comes to
school. Too much of the writ
ing about this effect of tele-
vision has fallen into a his
toric error of merely viewing
with alarm. Whenever a new
medium comes along older
people blame it for the de-
fects they see in the young.
The movies, radio and tele-
vision have each In turn
been blamed for juvenile de-
linquency. And as adults
know, before the movies the
dime novels were popularity