davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-19
SpotioI Iceberq Patrol

Ever since the sinking of the IT,
tanic in 1912 there has been maintained
1n~ the North Atlantic an international
Ice patrol, on the lookout for icebergs
which might menace shipping. The ex-
panses of ocean which must be covered
are SO broad, however, that the surveil-
lance is necessarily limited. Nevertheless,
ships OF the Coast Guard and other
patrol units have done a good Job of
keeping vessels on guard against the
hazards Of floating ice. They will be
able to do better job If plans for an
Ice patrol station in space materialize.
The idea OF having such sky watch
arose with the discovery that Tiros I,
the weather-eye satellite, recorded pho
Geographically large masses of ice float
ing out to sea from the Gulf of st.
Lawrence. It is reasoned that satellite
photography could cover the whole area
OF the Labrador Current, which usually
carries icebergs into the main shipping
lanes between this country and Europe.
With areas Of danger thus pinpointed,
surface ships of the ice patrol would
be able quickly to locate the ice and
warn ships in the vicinity.
Improved Photographic equipment
and transmitting facilities would en-
able an ice lookout station in the sky
to function more effectively than Tiros 1.
Such satellite soon may go into orbit,
If launching plans Of the National Aero
nauticS and Space Agency are success
full, Tiros II will be loaded with "sophis-
ticated" camera and electronic equip
ment, the better to keep ground OBJ
servers informed Of the sky-high view
Of earth Notwithstanding ice foes.
Thus, another peaceful use Of the
weather-eye satellites may be approach
ing reality.
Evening star., 1960-10-19

which lac Liougut 10 an office which had
usually been regarded as more of an
honor than Job calling for real work.
He has become well known not only for
the clarity Of his legal opinions in COM
plex cases but for his frequent appear
ances at the Capitol in behalf Of legis-
lation to improve the judicial machinery
here and in the country at large. He
has been especially vigorous in his ad-
vocacy Of more judges for the Districts
deplorably congested one-man Juvenile
Court. And he helped to obtain the re-
cent legislation providing new system
Of legal aid for INDECENT defendants
His voice has been raised in the Judicial
Conference and numerous other forums
IN behalf Of court reforms designed to
speed justice and otherwise increase
public respect for the courts.
Fortunately. Judge Prettyman will
remain on the appellate court after CIV
ing up the chief judgeship. He viii be
succeeded by Judge Wilbur K. Miller,
senior Judge, whose long experience on
the bench well qualities him to assume
the top administrative post.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Damn Yankees!

In the strange world of baseball and
Its attendant fan emotions, the New
YORK Yankees always have been big
winners in reverse. Their list of
championships is longer than any other
and, at least outside of New York, their
following" of unfriendly fans undoubt-
edly far exceeded that roofing against
any other team. They may or may not
win as many championships without
the managerial magic Of Professor"
Casey Stengel, but they have now as
sured themselves of some additional
loyal enmity. For Casey, who was always
worth uncounted words of copy and a
high decibel volume of affectionate boo
Ing, has been let out Too old, they say
up New York way.
Well, let the front office guys have 1t
their way, Casey. The record books will
not be devoting many lines to Dan
Topping and Del Webb as co-owners. It
may take them less than twelve years
to prove that they are not smart enough
to win ten pennants and seven world
championships by themselves. They said
you have $160,00O due from the clubs
prof1t-Sharing and retirement fund on
October 81. We suggest you just laugh
all the way to the bank.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Racial Pride

It is reported that at q
State convention Of the Ma
tional Association for the Ad-
vancement Of Colored People
at Richmond, Negro dele
gates were told that racial
pride "is a false and unpar-
donable notion"
Perhaps for others pride
has a different meaning, and
certainly. like love, it can be
used for evil purposes. But
it seems to me that racial
pride is, on the whole, a good
not evil - thing. In my
mind ! associate pride Of race
withs pride of ancestry. pride
of inheritance, of nationality,
pride of religious faith, pride
Of community, and pride of
family. These things in my
opinion are all good things.
For me, pride is self-respect.
1t is a justifiable feeling Of
elation because of upright
ness and of achievement.
I have a feeling that If
more Negroes took greater
pride in t h m S elves and
greater pride in their race,
there would be much less rea-
son for them to seek their
rights" through unilateral
legislation and court actions.
Harvey H. Hewitt.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
LETTERS TO THE STAR

the opinion Of the official
granting 1t, the document in
question contains nothing
contrary to Catholic doc
trine in faith and morals.
In other words, 1t appears
to the granter of the i'm
primatur that the publica-
ton concerned is something
that a Catholic might believe.
The imprimatur by Cardinal
Hayes does not even imply
that Cardinal Hayes or any
one else agreed with what
Father Blakely wrote. In fact
books published with an inn
primatur in the archdiocese
of New York carry the ex-
planation that mo implica-
ton is contained that
those who have granted the
nihil obstat and imprima- =
tur agree with the contents,
opinions. or statements ex-
pressed"
Father Blakely's statement
has apparently never ex-
pressed the opinion of any
one but Father Blakely. All
such statements can be ac-
cepted or rejected by indi-
vidual Catholics.
James A. Miller.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Calling a Spade a Spade

In the SharpeSt terms yet expressed.
Secretary Of Treasury Anderson has de-
flned In Fort Worth speech this week
what is probably the most far-reaching
difference between Democratic and Re-
publican parties in this election year
1t is, In brief, the contrast between the
Democratic commitment to constantly
widening Government management Of
virtually every aspect Of national life
versus the Republican preference for
greater reliance on private initiative
and individual responsibility. In even
blunter words, 1t is the difference be-
tween steady march toward socialism
or preservation Of capitalism.
To Mr.. Anderson, the choice TODAY
lies between an impairment Of individual
freedom or protection Of it. In what
he described as reaf1rmation of "per-
sonal faith" in the economic system
under which this country has grown to
be the strongest and wealthiest in
world history, he made clear his opinion
that the proposed Democratic way
would be purchased at sacrifice of
liberty.
Without mentioning the Democratic
candidates by name, the Secretary d.
rected his attack at the costly promises
OF their platform, and its advocates who
hold the naive belief that Government
omcials can make better judgments
Cnan Tree people :. that the central
government can assume q larger role
IN peoples lives without taking awav
freedom Of choice that we can do ali
that we are doing now and much more
without increasing the tax burden
that higher rate Of economic growth
(through Government Spending) would
automatically generate larger govern
ment revenues" If the bill for such a
program is not to be paid through higher
taxes, ne added, 1t win be paid through
higher Government borrowing with it's
inevitable accompaniment of imitation
ana economic controls On this path.
what appears to be a bonanza for the
people, obtainable without hard work
and without payment of taxes, actually
turns out to be galloping increase in
the cost OF living, destruction of hard
earned savings and, ultimately, eco
nomic chaos and hardship"
Reminding his fellow Texans that
the Lone Star State had made the right
choice" in 1852 and 1866 in supporting
Mr.. Eisenhower, Mr.. Anderson asked
their best efforts again to assure elec-
tlon OF the Nixon-Lodge ticket. II is
probable that the Secretary's first open
venture into partisan politics this wear
Will prompt a Democratic counter
attack. With "a electoral votes, Texas
Is an important prize and a recent Asso-
ciated Press survey listed it as unde-
cided. Mr.. Anderson's plunge into the
campaign, and his strong expression of
weu-informed views, may prove an i'm
portant factor in the November 8 vot-
ing-perhaps even beyond the bound
aries Of Texas itself.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Biqotry In Reverse

On the whole, President EiSenhow-
ers nonpolitical speaking tour across
the country has been just that-non-
political. A notable and we think fully
JUSTIFIED exception, however, was his de-
nunciation Of q smear pamphlet circu-
lated in Detroit and elsewhere by the
United Automobile Workers.
The UAW and its president, Walter
Reuther, are ardent supporters of Sena-
tor Kennedy, which they have every
right to be. But the unions newspaper,
Solidarity, really went overheard in its
September 26 issue. This contained a
pamphlet or leaf1et urging the Senator's
election and featured cartoon depict
ing the Statue of Liberty on one side
and a torch-carrying, hooded Klansman
on the other. The caption, in large let
ters, was Which do you chooseP Liberty
or bigotry?"
Michigan Republican leader says
the publication obviously was aimed at
Mr.. Nixon. The executive committee Of
the Michigan Fair Election Practices
Committee says the leaflet "unmistak-
ably" implied that the issue of this cam
paign is between freedom and the Ku
Klux Klan. Over 100000 copies of the
leafiet were distributed to UAW mem
berS, and additional copies were circu-
lated through the AFL-CIO Committee
on Political Education in Washington.
Mr.. Reuther has expressed regrets.
He says 1t was not the intention of the
union ito imply that people who disagree
with US politically are therefore bigots,"
and that while the cartoon may have
inadvertently overstated the issue, it
was mistake in judgment and not in
intent"
Considering the use made of the
pamphlet, not only by the UAW in De-
troit, but also by the Political Action
Committee, we think the mistake-i in
judgment explanation is open to ques-
ton. II the people responsible for this
smear effort did not understand its i'm
plications, they are exceedingly naive,
to say the least.
Certainly, If a comparable group
supporting Mr.. Nixon had been respon-
sible for such scurrilous piece of cam
paign material, the Democratic cries of
outrage would be heard from coast to
coast. Senator Kennedy says that while
he has not seen the pamphlet, neither
would he accept the support Of any
group taking such line It is hardly to
be expected that the Senator will re-
pudiate the UAW. But he might make
it his business to take look at the Sep
tember 26 issue Of Solidarity, and then
be little more specific in his comment
on this gutter type Of campaigning.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
friend BroyhM

I have been circularized to
attend a Embarrassing lunch
con for Representative Broy-
hill Of Virginia, who is alleged
to have proven himself. on
the record, by his votes as a
staunch friend of the District
(of Columbia) for many
years" I take strong excep-
ton to his being promoted as
a "Staunch friend" Of the
District. He has, in fact, been
one Of its greatest adversaries.
AS legislative counsel for
the Washington Home Rule
Committee during the last
session of Congress, I often
observed Representative Broy-
hill display his so-called
friendship for the District by
leading the fight against
home rule for the Nations
Capital. Broyhill served as
the spokesman-and legman
for the small group in the
House who effectively pre-
vented the Presidents home
rule bill from being given a
hearing on the floor of the
House. If such friends" as
Broyhill deny to us the priv
ileges of self-government and
the right to vote, the District
needs no enemies.
On the issue of education
of the Districts children,
Broyhill Joined in the House
District Committees venom
GUS attack on the result of
the school systems compli-
ance with the Supreme Court
decision abolishing segrega-
ton, and consistently voted
against all Federal aid to
education bills, including
those of the Eisenhower Ad-
ministration. On the issue
of conserving the Districts
waterfront. Broyhill voted to
sustain a veto Of an act in
creasing pollution abatement
funds which would have ap-
proximately doubled funds
available in the Potomac
basin.
This is Broyhill's record
of demonstrated friendship"
for the District.
Walter POzen.
Evening star., 1960-10-19

less than a 200-millionth, Of
an inch.
The Instrumentation by
which these results are &C
complished naturally is ex-
tremely complicated and the
system of "ultrasoft X-ray
microscopy" is as yet only in
the infancy of its develop
mertt. 1t is making possible,
however, mans farthest looks
into the insideS Of the infin-
itesimally little.
= i = 4
Crystals of the rare alu-
minum-like metal indium are
extraordinarily acute detec-
tors of the invisible mira red
heat" light which emanates
from all objects in, nature
above the absolute zero Of
cold.
Even an iceberg would be
family luminous in the dark
if the human eye were sensi-
tive to this light. There is an
invisible reddish glow to all
nature. It's wave lengths differ
with the nature of the mate
rialS from which it comes or
is reflected, and hence it re-
veals, to some extent, their
nature and chemical makeup.
Zinc Blend Extract
The extremely sensitive
indium crystals have been
produced in a research prof.
ect of the Air Force Office Of
Scientific Research. They
might even detect the heat
glow Of an iceberg or an OBJ
ject in supposedly heatless
space.
Indium is not found in a
native state anywhere in the
world. It can be extracted,
however. from a variety of
zinc blends. The content
generally is very low, some
times less than a tenth of
per cent. Samples from one
site in Western Utah indicate
that it may be the largest
indium-bearing ore deposits
in the world.
1t must be separated from
the zinc, however, by elec-
trolosis together with various
chemical techniques. Hitherto
the extremely rare metal has
been of essentially no use in
industry or other useful ap-
plicationS. It is considered
one of the basic elements of
creation.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
WATCHING THE WORLD
NeutroIisnn's Rise in Britain
By CROSBY S. MOVES

open split In the party seems
only q matter Of time.
In any event. 1t Is quite
clear that the Labor Party
cannot long survive Q dtua-
ton In which the party in
Parliament defies the man
date Of the Labor group as q
whole. One Of the most basic
doctrines of the movement
has always been the claim
that it is the one truly demo-
cratic party in which the In
dividual dues-paying mem-
Der determines party policy
by his vote in the conference.
Struggle May Be Ahead
What will happen If q split
comes over the disarmament
issue is anybody's guess. At
this point the most likely
alternatives seem to be the
augmentation Of the party
between extremists and mod
crates or else a final show
down struggle in which one
side or the other Is decisively
defeated. In either case, the
outlook for Mr.. Gaitskell and
his moderate supporters Is
not too bright.
Today most people - in
cluding the British Conserv-
atives are not overly
alarmed by the situation.
The general feeling is that If
the Labor Party wants to
commit suicide, no one can
stop 1t. And, while one
party rule for a while might
be regrettable, there is no
danger whatever that the
pacifist neutralist policies
, adopted at the conference will
ever become the policy of a
British government.
This may be true enough.
Certainly, the overall British
electorate today is strongly
opposed to the ideas of the
Scarborough delegates. Even
among those who voted for
Labor in the last election, it
is estimated that not more
than one in four would favor
a neutralist policy. The La
Dor party" says a Conserv-
ative member Of Parliament,
has fallen prey to the un-
democratic absurdities Of its
constitution. to its lunatic
fringe" Mr.. Gaitskell him
self is inclined to agree. "The
British electorate" he said at
Scarborough. will never re-
turn the Labor Party to
power as long as it pro-
poses to leave our country de-
fenSeleSS' and alone"
On the other hand, it is a
fact that MANY of those who
are preaching neutralism for
Britain today are neither
Communists nor crackpots.
Some of them, in fact, are
high-grade politicians with
no desire at all to commit
political suicide. These men
have watched with interest
the steady growth of popular
support for such organizations
as the Coventry Peace Coun-
Gil and the Campaign for
Nuclear Disarmament. Whist
they wonder, might be tie
result in a few years time
if neutralism were to be-
come the official doctrine of
Britain'S second largest poll
tical party?
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Third Of O Series

barely visible under the most
powerful optical microscopes,
with diameterS of only q few
millionths Of an inch.
This accomplish hment,
reached quite incidentally in
the course Of other Air
Force:sponSored research,
promises to have far-reach-
ing implications in such
fields as medicine and ply
siology. It resulted from
study Of the absorption of
soft X-rays by the outer
electron shells of light
METALS research directed
primarily to get a better un-
derstanding Of the structures
of single atoms and mole
culeS. Such studies, it is ex-
pected, eventually will throw
new light on the consump-
ton Of fuels, extreme fight
conditions and reactions
taking place on the sun and
other stars.
All these developments
may be far in the future,
but the incidental Super-su-
per delicate scales are here
now, for whatever uses may
be made Of them. These uses
may be quite outside immedi-
ate Air Force interests.
Another Use
Not only do the methods
developed, as described in a
report from DR.. Burton L.
Henke of Pomona College,
Claremont, Calf, make pos
sible the extremely delicate
weighing" but they also
make possible photography of
the insides of such minute
objects as erythrocytes, or red
blood cells. These really, DR..
Henke's pictures show, have
quite complex internal struc-
lures, essentially unknown in
the past. They would be in
visible with any conventional
optical microscope. The pre-
else shapes of the inf1nitesi-
mally minute objects also are
revealed. The compleXity of
blood cells seems to increase
as one goes up the animal
scale. The photomicrograph
of a frog erythrocyte, for ex-
ample, shows a central, eye
shaped mass surrounded by a
featureless circle of proto-
plasm. The human erythro-
cyte, in contrast, shows about
80 similar masses within the
circle.
About the longest wave
length X-rays are used In the
work-from 10 to 80 angstrom
units. One angstrom unit Is
Evening star., 1960-10-19

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry iDTiters' correct
names and addresses. Al let
ters are subject to condensG-
tion. Those not used iOill be
returned only Uten accom-
panied By self : addressed.
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Modern Missionaries

Your recognition Of the
work Of the chaplains In the
District Of Columbia Depart
ment of Corrections In the
September II article Chap
lains Help Steer Inmates to
Freedom" is most commen-
able. This article on the
work Of the Protestant chap
lains in the department and
also the article by Mr.. Birch
field in The Star Maeazine
Of Sunday. July 8, concern
ing the Roman Catholic
chaplains were very well
done.
While The Star generally
gives a good deal Of coverage
to religious activities, It is
still rather Unique to have
an article about The work of
the chaplains in the institu-
tons Of health, welfare, end
correction in our area. Actu.
ally. there are resident chan
lains serving the D. C. De-
partment Of Corrections, d. C.
General Hospital. the d. c.
Department of Public We'll
fare. Saint Elizabeths Hos.
pital, the National Institutes
OF Health Clinical Center,
and the National Training
School for Boys. Chaplains
in the medical centers of the
Army, Navy. and Veterans
Administration are an ac-
complished fact.
I am sure that many people
do not realize how many
individuals from our society
pass through these institu-
tionS in the course of q year.
Out Of the entire population
Of the United States approxi-
mately 80 million will be in
an institution sometime with
in the year. In the National
Capital area approximately
one person in five will be in
an institution sometime dur
ing the year. The one hing
which the vast majority OF
these people have in common
Is Q crisis situation affecting
their lives. These people
constitute one Of the great
est mission fields in our mod
ern civilization In the truest
sense Of understanding the
nature Of a loving and nlerci-
full God.
The work Of the modern
institution chaplain is q
unique and exactine one. It's
setting Of professional COM
petence has q right to ex-
Feet special training and
exceptional capacity for
working with troubled people.
I think it would be Of in.
terest to the entire curnmurl-
ity to read more Of the work
Of these modern missionaries
working nsthe midst Of the
chaos and breakdown of
human lives in our society.
Harold M. YOder,
Director, Department Of
Institutional Ministry,
Council Of Churches
National Capital Area.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
WeIch and Mccarthy

Your october B editorial
eulogizing the late Joseph N.
WEIGH at the expense Of the
late Senator Joseph r. Nc
Carthy was q sordid bit Of
Journalism. 1t seems that the
entire Washington area is
permeated with poisonous i'm
pressions Of Senator McCar-
thy, readily exploiting the
term ''McC Carthyism," q word
coined by the Communist
Party.
AS for Mr.. Welch's remarks
on the cruelty Of the Sena-
tor, I. too, heard the entire
episode and felt that Welch
got exactly what he was ask
ing for. After goading Roy
Cohn for quite some time to
turn in the names Of any
Communists Cohn knew Of
before sundown," WEIGH
could not take 1t when 1t was
pointed out to him by Nc
Carthy, that q person in
Welch's employ had been for
q number Of years q member
"of an organization named
as the legal bulwark of
the Communist Party" Nc
Carthy did not imply 1t, as
your editorial stated-he said
it. And WEIGH admitted it.
That was a cruel revelation,
WEIGH contended. but, Of
course, his own attempts to
discredit McCarthy's stan
were perfectly proper.
Your editorial stated that
WEIGH bespoke the Nations
conscience. You ought to
know - you've undoubtedly
discussed this matter with
every American. But some-
how you missed me.
william o. Collins.
Evening star., 1960-10-19
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

@. What is meant by the
phrase Ito talk around a
five-cornered stump"?-D. A.
A. In the 1800s, when can
didates for Office engaged in
stump speeches and stump
campaigns, Ito talk around a
f1ve-cornered stump" was a
simile for loquacious talk Of
q more or less exaggerated
character.