davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Some Control Needed

Recent hearings on the Foley bill
to license television servicemen showed
clearly the need for some method of
protecting the public against fraud COM
mitted by dishonest repairmen There
was no disagreement by witnesses as to
the desirability of cleaning up the repair
industry here-although they disagreed
as to the best means of eliminating the
racketeers. However, Chairman Mat
theWs of the House District subcommit-
tee studying the licensing proposal says
he thinks its proponents made a pretty
good case for the bill" We believe so,
too.
Not surprisingly, the industry itself
Is divided as to the need for District
regulation of the servicing operations.
One organized group wants the industry
to police its own ranks. Another says
that policing cannot be effective when
there are so many independent repair
men and that discredit is being thrown
on the reputable firms by unethical
"technicianS" who prey on the gullibility
of set owners.
1t is surprising, however, that the
Commissioners have gone on record
against the licensing bill. Apparently
the main reason for their opposition
Is oudgetary-more inspection person.
mel would be needed at a time when
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Appeal for Help

The fact that Governor Almond
has appealed for public support of his
budget and tax programs underscoreS
the formidable nature of the opposition
which has developed in the General
Assembly. For certainly the Governor
would not have done this except as kind
of laSt-ditch maneuver in a struggle
which, as he has said, will determine
whether Virginia is to go forward or
backward.
1t is true, of course, that the 8 per
cent sales tax proposal is not popular
throughout the State. No new tax Is
ever popular. But the hard core of op-
position lies in the Senate Finance Com
mittee where the anti-Almond forces
seem - be in control.
Without specifying individuals, Gov
ernor Almond says that at is, perfectly
apparent that much of the opposition
stems and derives from my stand to
save public education in Virginia." We
have no doubt that this is true, even
though some of the opposition undoubt-
edly rests on other grounds. For what
ever reasons, however, the fact is that
tie Governors opponents on the key
Senate committee may have the strength
to kill the tax proposal, and probably
will do so if they can.
This is what makes the public hear
ing, set for Friday, of so much i'm
portance. If the tax proposal is killed,
the progressive aspects of the Cover
ernor's budget will go down with it.
Schools, public health and other vital
programs will suffer, for they cannot
and will not be provided unless the
revenue needed to finance them is forth
coming. This is the essential fact to be
borne in mind by those who believe
that Virginia must go forward. And
those who believe this should be on
hand to support the Governor at Fri
days hearing.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
An Appeal to Congress to Do Riqht by D. G.

Representative Rhodes Of
Arizona charged before the
House District Appropriations
Subcommittee that unfair
advantage was being taken
of the Federal Government by
a rigging of the so-called
formula for annual Federal
payment.
He apparently objects to
increasing real estate taxes,
not from the standpoint of
private property owners but
because, under the formula"
used last year, a real estate
tax increase would up the
Federal contribution.
With most curious logic,
the Congressman pointed out
that private property owners
have a right of appeal if their
assessments are too high, but
the Federal Government
"doen't have any means of
appeal"
What a keen sense of JUS
tice. This writer always
thought that the Federal
Government, if it were so dis
posed, could cut off the Dis
trict to a token payment of
l cent; that the Federal Gov
ernment controls every penny
OF the District budget. Who
is this someone" who is try
ing to blk the Federal Gov
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Seeing Over the Horizon

The development by a Naval Re-
search Laboratory scientist here of an
electronic "eye" that can see bevond
the horizon should strengthen substan-
tlaly americas defenses against sudden
attack by missile-armed submarines or
aircraft. The achievement climaxes a
brilliant career in radar research which
began In the early thirties when DIR.
Robert M. Page first bounced an cleo
tronlc beam OF an airplane in fight
ana picked up the reflected signal
almost instantly on what later became
known as a radar screen. DR.. Page.
working independently, is credited with
developing radar simultaneously with
the British.
Radar helped us to win World War
II, but the device had serious limitations
as 10 range. Because the ultra-high
frequency radar waves go in q straight
line, radar has been useful only In
detecting planes and ships and other
objects within "line of sight" It could
not bend over the horizon and pick up
objects that were out of sight for the
human eye. This limitation has re-
stricted the effectiveness of our distant
early warning" dew system Of radar
stations.
However, 1t long has been known
that radar beam directed upward
would be reflected back to earth by the
ionoSphere, an electrified layer of the up
per atmosphere. This phenomenon occa-
slonally has given rise to long-range
television receptions, known to the trade
as sporadic skip" How to harness
this principle so as to produce reliable
and regular long-distance reception had
been a puzzle until DR.. Page went to
work on it. Now he has perfected a
radar set that has been hailed by the
Navy as producing this reliability and
regularity.
The new device, called Project
Madre, is said to be capable OF detecting
a ship more than 1000 miles away and
giving its precise location and direction
of movement. Only a relatively few
Madre stations would be required to
cover the entire Eastern Seaboard and.
the Arctic regions. A test station already
Is being built near Chesapeake Beach,
according to an article in the New York
Times. There seems to be no doubt
that DR.. Page again has made a major
contribution to the security of the
United States.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Experience of Value

First reports Of the pro-
visions Of the proposed He
bert bill on the employment
Of retired officers contain
one disturbing section. 1t
says, in effect. that these
men shall be prohibited from
using the special knowledge
they have acquired during
their years Of service.
Much of the knowledge
they so acquired can be got
ten only from long personal
contact with defense prob
lens, equipment and proce-
dures. Therefore these men
are particularly suited to ad-
wise and assist in eliminating
useless efforts, pointing out
proper ways of attacking
problems and suggesting new
approaches. Top industrial
lists working on defense prof.
ects know this.
The country must not be
denied the benefit of this in
valuable source of talent and
experience. This provision
must be removed from the
bill and the Nation allowed
to profit from the knowledge,
Judgment and background
that the United States has
invested in these competent
men through their years of
service.
p. ID. Gallery.
Evening star., 1960-02-01

eminent into overpaying on its
annual contribution? We
agree with the Congressman
that there should be a right
of appeal.
If the Federal Government
completely ignores the inher-
ent obligation to its own en-
ployes, resident in the Dis
trict, to supplement health
and welfare services and
other community improve
ments, do the employees have
the right of appeal? If the
Federal Government is un-
aware that present teachers
salaries are not high enough
in the District to attract
enough competent teachers
so that Supt. Hansen might
get rid of some incompetents,
to whom can District tax
paying residents appeal?
1t is difficult to appeal to
men who have fixed opinions
before they hear the testi-
mony; to men who evaluate
money with religious fervor
but are blind or insensitive
to human and community
needs; to men who feel no
concern or obligation for the
extra and added expense
or share national pride in
wanting the Nations Capital
to be something more than
Just another average Amert-
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Wage Law Loxity

Senator Humphreys sug-
gestion Of raising the mini
mum Federal hourly wage
law to $1.25 may well be a
fine one. But on the other
hand what would be the point
in this when the present
hourly wage minimum of 81
is not being enforced nation
wide?
Seems as though it would
benefit still further the ones
who need this benefit the
most If the proper procedures
were taken to protect this
unfortunate group Of our
countrymen.
I agree wholeheartedly
with Senator Humphrey that
this creates poverty. and
those employers who now are
not abiding by the Federal
hourly wage limits can adjust
their operations (if neces-
sary) much easier than their
employees can lower their liv-
ing standards TO meet their
increasing needs.
Bobby r. Boggs.
CulneDer Va
Evening star., 1960-02-01

can city. Is it possible to
appeal to men who hold
staunch opinions that they
are giving too much with an
IF you want it you pay for
it" attitude?
Only men open to reason.
willing to assume inherent as
well as apparent obligations,
can assume the various roles
of tax collector. tax assessor,
comptroller of the exchequer
and muniflcent partner in
sharing expenses and come
UP with a fair-share formula.
If meeting our needs is a mat
ter of what we can afford,
our partner in expenses (the
Federal Government) can
afford to be a little more
liberal if Congress has our
welfare at heart.
In ITS, the penchant for
ruling and taxing, without
giving, had a name. There
was no right of appeal then
either.
We thank Representative
Rhodes for so aptly fitting
the coin: In a democracy,
there is always the right of
appeal-the certain rights of
citizenship. Everywhere, that
is, but in Washington, D. C.
Milton A. Mandel.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Early to Bed

A writer. j. L., in the let
ters to The Star criticized
people in authority" for
having $50 little sense" that
they consider further stag
gering hours" of work, which
in some cases will result in
starting work earlier in the
morning in order to relieve
traffic congestion during the
rush hours.
My dear J. L.: II you feel
20 very much slowed down,
when we switch to daylight
time" because you don't get
enough sleep. why don't you
have enough sense to try to
go to bed earlier, so you can
enjoy the beautiful sunrise
hours at work and the beau
tiful sunset hours at recre-
alton? That way you will get
q better view of the sunny
side of life also. You will feel
better, and you don't have
to stagger to work.
Evening star., 1960-02-01

Nikita Khrushchev has
been placed in a very difficult
position.
He desires, needs and has
promised the Russian people
a higher standard of living
one that would favorably
compare with, or even surpass,
that Of the United States.
It's a foregone conclusion
that to even mildly approach
this end, the Soviets would
have to cut down consider
ably on their production of
nuclear weapons, A = bombs
and war material in general.
Assuming we could reach
an agreement with the Rus
slams on disarmament, which
I believe is quite remote at
this writing, we certainly
would have to have definite
assurances and proof that
Communist China would also
recognize the understanding.
Since Mr.. Khrushchev's
visit to the United States, and
his favorable comments on
President Eisenhower and the
American people, his position
with the Chinese has been
considerably weakened. This
is unfortunate for the Soviet
boss, for to reach an agree
ment with the Allied Nations,
without China's participa-
ton, would further strain
ChileSe-Soviet relations.
On the other hand, if no
progress is made and the
armament race continues,
there are going to be a lot of
discontented Russians. Some
body's got to lose.
Herbert Sommers,
Evening star., 1960-02-01
All for Nought?

A newspaper recently an
nounced that the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee
would hold a one-day hear
ing on the proposal to repeal
this country's reservation on
the Jurisdiction of the In
ternational Court of Justice.
in matters that the United
States considers to be "es-
sentially" within it's own "do-
mestic Jurisdiction" known
as the Connally Amendment.
The Constitution being the
supreme law of the land, such
repeal could have no effect
on the reserved power Of the
States Constitution, Amend
ment X.
OldSter.
Evening star., 1960-02-01

visible admirers. Both kinds
are necessary.
In life, boasters are essen
tial. If for no other reason
than to make us slightly
ashamed of the human race.
There is, too. a way Of
boasting without saying any
thing, and this is almost as
bad.
We knew a fellow once who
could thank a salesgirl in O
way to make her raging mad.
but all he said was Thank
you" He was q genius, in
his way.
Caruso was supposed to be
able to read q bill of fare
in a manner to bring tears
to all hearers. He was Q
genius.
Most of us are not geniuses,
for which we are supposed to
be thankful, since it puts
us into the ranks of those
who live by the rules Of
everyday common sense.
Well, maybe.
Personally, we have al
ways thought it would be fine
to be a genius for a time,
just to see If it is a state
to be desired, really.
In the old days, the genius
usually began his career by
living in an attic and eating
sparrows, which he had to
catch with a device of rubber
bands and old pencils.
Today the genius comes to
the front with a bound, ac-
companied bv two press agents
and a photographer.
He knows his way around,
and is never at a loss to find
Just where to go, as mos, If
US are.
The genius is neither mod
est nor patient most of the
time. and when ne is, he is
likely to be a fool.
Some Of the worlds great
artists have been boorish,
quarrelsome fellows, stuck on
themselves, and hard to get
along with.
They had no manners,
courtesy or anything else and
never spoke we'll of anyone
or found anything in anyone
else worth commenting on.
Such people, in everyday
life, are called mean and un-
scrupulous, but when they
are geniuses, their bad quail
ties are overlooked.
Blowing ones horn, as it is
called, is a basic trait Of the
genius and would-be genius.
The trouble is he blows 1t so
loudly and SO often that peo-
pie get tired Of listening to
him.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Big Stick Needed

President Eisenhower, in
his recent news conference
announcement Of United
States policy toward Cuba,
has not followed the advice of
his Republican predecessor.
Theodore Roosevelt, who said
to "speak softly and carry a
big stick" Ike admonished
Castro for "unwarranted at
tacks" on the United States
while ruling out any economic
reprisals. While this criticism
gives the revolutionary Cuban
government new fuel for
blasting the United States, 1t
will most likely serve no use
full purpose in making Castro
behave.
Advocates Of the Eisenhower
decision argue that a down.
ward revision of Cuba's sugar
quota would play right into
Castro's hands. Let's take this
argument apart. Premier Cas-
tro, using the United States
as a scapegoat for Cuba's
shortcomings, has accused
this country Of aggressive and
conspratory activities. There
is no evidence that Castro
will discontinue these verbal
attacks whatever the United
States may do or not do to
reconcile differences. II Cuba's
economy, and thus the great
majority Of Cubans were Sc
riously damaged by American
economic reprisal, the Cuban
dictator would be held TO ac-s
count, despite any propa-
ganda efforts he might make
to shun responsibility for in
stigating this action. There is
no good reason for putting
money into this mans hand
while he beats us over the
head with his other hand. The
Castro regime has practically
alienated itself from the
United States and other ma
tions by its disregard for
American property in Cuba,
confiscated to set up Commu-
nistic agrarian reform prof.
ectS. There are rumors Of
widespread dissatisfaction in
Cuba ready to burst into open
revolt. To inflict pressure on
the tottering Castro regime
by revising our sugar quota
might provide the impetus for
such a counter-revolution IA
vorable to friendly United
States-Cuban relations. Now
it seems that we prefer to
shout firm warnings to Ha-
vana, opening ourselves to
renewed outbursts from that
quarter, while reaping none
of the benefits which could
be gained from punitive eco
nomic measures.
The United States inter-
vened in Cuba in 1906, 1912
and 1917 to restore order or
prevent revolutions threat
ening foreign interests, and
has occasionally landed Ma
rines. Now we are shamefully
Sinking away from our
avowed aim Of preserving
democracy, and even from
protecting our own rights, to
let this demagogue run his
destructive course. In this
case. no physical Intervention
In Cuban affairs is necessary;
only a simple refusal to feed
a government hostile to the
United States and the cause
Evening star., 1960-02-01
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL
All the man does Is brag
about himself!

All the man does is brag
about himself!
We have often wondered If
this really helps him any.
We see him across the big
room talking to somebody,
and he is rubbing his alb
domen.
We know. from long ex-
perience, that he is dilating
his ego by boasting about
how well he is doing in the
reducing way.
Anything he does Is sub
ject for Dragging. Of course.
If he were falling down in
a fit or something, just as he
fell he would say something
about how very cleverly he
falls.
Well, that is one way to go
through the world.
A better way, an observer
may think, is to be modest.
Modesty is another old
fashioned virtue you hear
little of these days. Along
with patience (once a nice
girls name) it is in eclipse.
Modesty and patience, one
may believe, are good quail
tiles we stand more in need
of than ever, but we see less
of them around, and some
how do not seem able to
catch them even when we
see them.
*&#
The ego-centric man is
perhaps no different from his
female counterpart, only he
seems worse, or more so, how
ever you want to put it.
The bosstful male is just a
bit more braggy He is all
hoped up because he has
read a "how-to" book on the
underlying problems of get
ting other people to accept
you at your own evaluation.
A big problem in life, this,
one of which most people
seem to know nothing, or next
to nothing.
1t is a good plan, no doubt,
to be able to impress your
personality on others, es-
pecially the boss, but your
own personality ought to be
some satisfaction to yourself,
too.
1t is here as with gardens.
1t is possible to have a
garden without a single guest
ever being in it, but most
gardeners like to show off a
bit. At one extreme they in
stitute garden shows, often
Of a very elaborate nature.
At the other. they grub away
by themselves without any
Evening star., 1960-02-01

The first microscope" by
which it is possible actually
to watch atoms in motion
has been developed under q
United States Air Force Of
fee of Scientific Research
and Development contract.
The most powerful optical
instrument. upon which
much improvement is ex-
tremely improbable. is more
than 1000 times too crude
for any such accomplish
ment. The relatively new
electron microscopes are at
least 10 times better, but
still fall far short.
The new so-called field
emission microscope" has a
resolving power in terms Of
atomic dimensions-that is
angstrom units used in de-
scribing wave lengths Of
light. There are approxi-
mately IS billion angstrom
units in an inch. ut makes
possible" says an Air Force
description, both visual and
Photographic studies Of
atomic arrangement and
motions of atoms on sur
faces" Some pictures Of
tungsten atoms are de-
scribed as remarkable ex-
amples Of the possibilities.
The new instrument fills a
long-felt need, it is stressed,
in essential Air Force re-
search on the nature and
strength Of various solids
and what happens to them
under remarkable stresses Of
heat, cold and atmospheric
density. 1t is naturally i'm
possible to look inside q
chunk Of iron, for example.
It must be cracked open.
Speculation Unnecessary
Chemists, however. gen.
orally have believed for a
long time that a fair picture
could be obtained by atomic
conditions on the surface Of
such a chunk. Tools to exam
inc such surfaces long have
been sought with indifferent
success. Various X-ray de-
fraction and gas absorption
techniques have yielded con-
siderable information, but for
the most part this has been
speculative. If certain things
happened such and such con-
ditions must obtain, the
chemists have reasoned.
With the new microscope"
little further speculation will
be necessary. The scientists
can see what happens with
their own eyes.
The investigations concern
the nature of imperfections
in solids of all sorts. Solids
of special interest in the Air
Force researches are metals,
ceramic materials and semi
conductors. The kind of i'm
perfections being investi-
gated include such things as
ultramicroscopic "holes" in
atomic structure, presence of
foreign atoms which may
have gotten into the mole
cules. and dislocations Of
atoms.
At the same time with the
microscope development, ac-
cording to an Air Force
description, new techniques
have been developed to de-
termine effects of such i'm
perfections. Ultrapure metals,
rare in nature, have been
shown to have some remark
able properties. Iron, for ex-
ample, becomes much more
ductile at low temperatures.
1t also will be possible to add
Evening star., 1960-02-01

Of freedom. I shudder to think
what the old Rough Rider"
is thinking, looking down on
this disgraceful situation.
Calvin G.. ZOn.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names mag be used q
letters carry Urtters' correct
names and addresses. An
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star., 1960-02-01
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Microscope Shows Atoms in Action

small amounts Of impuri.
ties whose effects have been
determined.
Mystery lady Of the skies
is Venus.
The everlastingly cloud
covered planet, both morning
and evening star, Is Earth's
nearest comparable neighbor
in space, next to the moon,
only about rs million miles
away in the direction of the
sun, 1t often is the brightest
object in the night sky.
Viewed through a small tele-
scope, it appears like another
moon.
Venus, in some respects, Is
Earth's twin sister, and hence
was an object Of special in
terest in International Geo.
physical Year programs. 1t is
about four-flfths as big and
heavy, and probably made Of
much the same basic ma
terials. Astronomers in the
past have speculated that it
is the most probable other
abode Of life In the solar sys-
tenn.
The actual surface never
can be seen under the dense,
silver shining veil which
completely envelops the
planet. 1t has been impos-
sible to tell whether it re-
wolves on its axis, like Earth
or Mars, because there are no
visible landmarks which can
serve as markers of rotation.
A theory, supported by some
astronomers, was that its sur
face Is all water-an everlast.
ingly boiling, islandless ocean.
The new science of radio
a stronomy, however, IL
wrecking speculations.
Venus solid surface must
be something like a bed Of
red-hot Goals. Such is the
deduction of astronomers Of
the National Radio Astron-
omy Observatory from the
radio waves which are re-
ceived from the veiled planet.
These afford a glimpse for
the first time of what lies
below the very thick cloud
layer.
Great Heat Explained
It now Is well established,
reports DR.. Frank D. Drake
Of the observatory stafi, that
for at least the past three
years the temperature has
been around 585 F. The great
heat can be explained in
either of two ways.
First there may be a very
intense internal source Of
heat. This is believed quite
improbable. Second is the
greenhouse effect" which
keeps greenhouses on earth
warm in winter and the earth
itself warm at night. This il
very strong on Venus.
Some years ago astrono-
mers of the Carnegie Institu.
tion Of Washington had es-
tablished the presence in the
Venusian atmosphere Of the
gas carbon dioxide, the
minute amount of which
available on earth is one of
the cornerstones of all ter
restrial life. Later investiga-
tions showed that this con-
stitutes a major part Of the
atmosphere. The molecules
of this gas can be expected
to absorb a great deal of the
heat radiation from the sur
face and reradiate it back
again. This would be, indeed,
a supergreenhouse effect on
q planetary scale,
Evening star., 1960-02-01
Mr.. Ks Ouundury

Culpeper, Va.