davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
Can We Explode A Myth =?

Last week the SUN embarked upon experiment new in
local ounam damatzed factUa story of the first Negro
this continent The purpose of this series, and possibly
Others remind readers of the black mans rich hertage
strengthen pde and provide houghprovokng enter
tainment.
Standard histories for typical Of strange cultural
gag have carefully selected daknned heroes for children to
read abou-Booke Washington, Frederick Douglass, etc., all
kind subtle gentlemen In later school they perhaps catch
gmpses of Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner slave rebels whose
righteous than those of Jesse James Wyatt
carp, heroized gUnmen.
How many Americans realize that Negroes among The
first little band coming from Mexico to settle the mission
known Los Angees How know that Jean Point du Sabe
the Of distinguished Frenchman and Negro slave the
first ctize of Chicago?
Black men, hafback have contributed tremendously
the progress Of mankind contrary the regonists who view
them the accUsed of Ham destined forever newer Of
wood and carrier of waer Black black pharoahs black
Roman the world has and pofd BY Alexander
PUshkn father Of Russian literature Alexander Dumas French
novelist and Pancho Villa the Mexican banddo boaed Of
Negro Blood Fact s they black than the NAACP
late, great Walter Whe
Is possible that the dramazed lives of Of these
sonaities will explode ridiculous myth? Que sabe?
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
Hon and Farewell Graduates

the graduates both high school and college,
offer heartfelt congratulations May the shine
upon you may the evening star always guide coming and
going
future will be both stony and soft Persian rug Ye have
fea for there nothing steady vson hardy heart strong
back To the lucky graduates, should
that edUcato like experience and the eqUnoxa tde
So deaf the hepsters warning that aint
use Close your eyes the goopeade Press onward 10
greater goals, the goal Of service to the less torUnate
you will forgive te expression, say the future is
yours.
To be sure, all cast down your buckets where you
are the midst Of this growing economy city, You
into horizons golden and broad where
overapped you choose the honored yet gamoroU
profession Of eachng embark envabe To
those of you who would fortunately unfortunately go Souh
the three BIS - Bibe ballot boycott we'll the three Rs
To those Of you who wouud step into ntegated fields you
model American citizens and goodwill ambassadors for
those The rule holds any field wherein you
will deal with folks in numbers
One word of cauton be satisfied just being equal
performances You head and shoulders above
the competitor especially his skin is whte The Jackie
Robnsons, the Mary Bethunes the Percy Juian the Ralph
BUnche the Charles Drews, living proof Of this peculiar
American Standard And because Of that they stand mouders
of history through their accomplishments This strange sdeUe
you begrudge for will forever prove the
of the
those Of you whose bent lays toward things manual he
doors Of technical opportunity slowly swing Right here in
the Valley Of the Sum- where bUcke he
pay checks for those Jobs instances szeabe
than those collected by Whecoar professionals Bedes he
necessary work-a-day hours will afford time get the swing
of activities It will afford you don the shining
Ties of leadership which hang embarrangY idle in meeting
halls Take down these coaks and them well and proudly
Once more, and with grand eelng the SUN says to the
graduates, Hail and fafeweIIr
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26

He ordered Estevanico, he wrote, "To~
take a handful of natives and go
ahead on the trail. Keep me informed
by runners what you encounter. If
the country you come upon is of mod
crate Importance, send a messenger
with a wooden cross of hands
width. If it is of great Importance, the
cross must be twice as large. And if
you come upon Cibola, send cross
as tall as a man.
Starting willingly on his own with
a handful" of men, the Moor soon
saw his encourage swell to 300 idoliz-
ing atives. Marcos appropriately
found himself free on Passion Sun
day to begin, untrammeled, his chores
of conversion. Within four days, a
messenger from Estevanico rushed
back to the Friar, excitedly bearing
news of the greatest country in the
-Cibola!" Unimpressed for the
nonce, Marcos chose to tarry in his
pagan vineyards. Eventually, when
more messengers arrived, urging him
to hurry, he decided on taking the
trail his guide blazed. Estevanico, ro-
bust, aggressive, meanwhile raced
ahead.
Il entered into the second desert on
the 9th of May $500, and travelled
the first day by broad and beaten
way, and we came to dinner at
water hole, where the Indians had
made provisions for me. At night we
came upon another water hole where
I found a house which they had fully
made up for me, and another house
where EStevanico lodged when he
passed that way. In this way l trav-
eled twelve days journey being always
provided with victuals ," the Friar
reported.
To be continued next week.
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
Say Student Sit-ins
Inevitable Trend

Some pertinent and pungent views
on the lunch counter Sit-in movements
in the South were given by Miss Doro
thy Hampton, United Church of
Christ ConSultant on Racial Relations
in North Carolina and Virginia. She
says, in part:
1--WE have way of saying that these
things (school desegration, etc. take
time to work themselves out, but this
generation of students and others real
ize that time does nothing but march
Continued on Page y
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
Estevdnico And Fridr
In Violent Disagreement
BY RICHARD E. HARRIS

ems, described by the Friar as fair
skinned and comely."
Riches?
Under ordinary circumstances, any
one uncovering Wealth-gold, silver,
jewels-was entitled to one-fifth of it.
He remained yet slave, bondSerV-
ant who had guided, protected three
high-bred SpaniardS over broad con-
tinent. His white compadreS were reap
ing their glory at this very moment.
Power?
This man now carrying the prestige
of a king, a general of an idolizing
army, was the same that earlier chose
to steer clear of two Negro rebellions
against Spanish masters of Mexico. His
destination, their goal, however, was
Cibolia, natural fortress in land un-
chartered by whites.
Friar Marcos De Mia earlier served
as a missionary with the conqueror
Pizzaro in Peru. He arrived at the
time when the rebelliouS mountain
Indians of the Northern Mexico dis
couraged the SpaniardS from the
search for the fabled Seven Cities of
Gold. Whatever his true motive, Mar
cos fitted perfectly into the plans of
Viceroy Mendoza's desire for an ad-
vance party to charter the savage
territory.
The trail to Estevanico, the guide,
proved happily familiar. Three years
previously the slave and his compan-
ions experienced their most fruitful
times following the torturous eight
year trek. Once more the natives re-
newed acquaintance with the man
with the ''chili-pepper lips, showered
him with precious gifts, for now he
carried healing powers in his gourd.
The ailing, brought before him, felt
cured when he would rattle the gourd,
solemnly intone few Spanish words.
Good medicine" the natives called it
patronizingly.
Doubtlessly, this self-styled Shaman
proved embarrassing, if not enviouS,
company for man of God"
Through the eyes of the white mis-
Sionary these rites were no less Sacri-
legious than those of the mountain
chiefs who poured human blood over
the head of his converted subjects,
cleansing the errant Indians of all
veStiges of Christianity.
Six weeks after the trip started,
Marcos came upon an opportunity to
expedite two matters with one stroke.
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
PEOPLES VOICE
Dear Editor:

DCdl LOIlOl
Many thanks for the wonderful
spread you gave to the Mother-Daugh
ter tea of the u. S. 0. l am sure this
did a great deal of good for the fur
therance of support for this worthy
activity.
We want to give the boys of all
races and creeds a wonderful oppor-
tunity at the u. S. O. for relaxation
and enjoyment and good environment
while they are away from home, and
we need the cooperation of all mem
bers in the community to this end.
The help that your newspaper is
giving along these lines will contribute
much, | know, to a very needed pub
lie service.
Very truly yours,
Mrs. Ernest Sauer
5555 N. Canine Del Contento
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26
Continued from last week.

So high ran the remOrSeful anger
among the Indians for the death Of
EStevanico that the survivors of the
debacle threatened the life of the
Friar. And only by bribing them with
all my earthly possession save the
sacrament vessels was the life of
Marcos spared.
Conversely, the ZuniS regarded Este
vanico with superstitious fear and
hatred. His CORY body was spirited
from the burning mesa floor, quart
cred by the priests and its portions
dispatched among the Sub-chiefs. Alb
solute proof, this signifed, that Este
vanico was a mere earth man, Vulner-
able and disposable. He was not a
witch. Decades afterwards, the two
green eating plates which he had car
ried on his swift dash to the Seven
Cities of Gold" were displayed in
the Zunis villages as strange curioS.
No, the dark-haired intruder was not
a witch-merely a spy for the white
faced men who were to follow shortly
in his path.
Then, Estevanico's words were part
ly truthful.
Francisco Valesquez De Coronado
and his marauding conquistadores did
come. Friar Marcos-Hagota, "old man
from Heaven guided them. But be-
fore the Cibolians submitted to in
structions in divine matters, the lanceS,
the harbequiSterS, the muSketS, the
spirited chargers dealt brutal on
slaught.
Coronado's men asked later who
had really killed Estevanico. The sub
dued tribesman, according to popular
history, said he was greedy. He COM
mitted the objectionable sin of covet-
ing their most precious belongings.
The Indians, as do many primitive
people, seem to possess a peculiar ami
NAL instinct of fathoming the thoughts
of other mortals, When they looked
upon the face of the mysterious, dark
invader, what was it that motivated
the greed they Observed
Women?
Already he had at his disposal
enough Indian maidenS to make a
Sahara sheik blush. AS he strobe
vaingloriously along the trail, red men
literally threw their young women at
him. Yet, on the other hand, he had
never laid eyes on the Cibolian maid
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26

The greater part of Arizona's In
dians live on 10 reservations, covering
3O,500 square miles, an area exceed
ing the combined area of MaSsachu-
sets, Connecticut, New Hampshire
and New Jersey.
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26

Language is the only instrument of
science, and words are but signs of
IDEAS Samuel Johnson.
Arizona sun., 1960-05-26

All I know is what I read in the
papers.-Will Rogers
Evening star., 1960-06-20
TODAY'S WEATHER REPORT

District and vicinity = Fair
tonight, low around 66. Vari-
able cloudiness and mild to-
morrow.
Maryland-Fair tonight, low
in the sos, except near 48 in
Garrett County and in the low
COS near the Bay and ocean.
Sunny with low humidity to-
morrow. high 1884.
Virginia - Fair tonight, low
56-62 in the west and 60-68 in
the east. Partly cloudy and
warm tomorrow, with chance
Of scattered thundershowers in
the extreme south.
Five-Day Forecast
For Washington and Vicinity
June 21-25
Temperatures will average 2
or 3 degrees above the Wash
ington normals, "a and 66. A
little warmer Wednesday and
little change thereafter. Scat
tered showers and thunder
storms Wednesday and Thurs
day and again about Saturday
may total one-half inch.
Resort Forecast
Long Island and New Jersey
Beaches - Sunny tomorrow
high 78.
Maryland, Delaware and Vir-
ginia Beaches-MoStly sunny
high 80 tomorrow.
Evening star., 1960-06-20

The Sun and Moon
Rises Sets
Sun today 5:42am. S:37 pm.
Sun tomorrow 5:42am S:37 pm
Moon today 1888 am. 5:29 pm
Automobile lights must be turned on
one-half hour after sunset.
Evening star., 1960-06-20

be added to and better CO.
ordinated."
One recommendation con-
tained at least an implied crit
icism of the handling of the
U-2 spy plane incident. 1t pro-
posed:
"Co-ordination and timing of
the dissemination of vital in
formation from all depart
mentS and agencies in the ma
tional security field. This
mission should be carried out
within the existing framework
Of the White House staff"
The report suggested estab-
lishment of a Priorities Re-
view Board to be appointed by
the President "as an adjunct to
the National Security Council
to insure full utilization of
national resources" The board
would be composed Of non-
governmental experts in all
major fields to advise the Presi-
dent on long-range military
and economic policy. The re-
port said such a board, as sug-
geSted by Prof. William Y.
Elliott of Harvard University,
would not conflict with agencies
such as the National Security
Council, Budget Bureau. or
State and Defense Depart
ments.
Other principal recommended
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Tornado Wrecks
Barn in Florida

RUSKIN, Fla, June 20 (AP)
"A tornado dipped down on a
farm near this South Hillsbor-
ough, County community yes
terday, damaging roofs on two
tenant houses and wrecking a
barn.
Power lines were blown down
and some trees uprooted, but no
serious injuries were reported.
A trailer occupied by Nat
DuSe was overturned, but Mr..
Duse broke through a wall and
came out with scratches.
The tornado struck the farm
owned by w. J. Simmons and
L. T. McCaul about 21a miles
southwest of Ruskin. Observers
said it cut a path about the
length Of two city blocks. Some
wires we2e bio vn down.
Evening star., 1960-06-20

tions called for creation Of
Democratic and Republican
Policy Committees in House
and Senate to serve as a Joint
Legislative Committee to meet
with the President in time Of
crisis. and appointment of
task forces" within the present
Democratic and Republican
Congressional Policy Commit
tees Ito review overall problems
Of politico-military policy"
The report declared that a
national strategy based on a
survival only" policy would be
a prelude to national suicide"
1t commended the administra-
ton for "renouncing the re-
dictionary policy of meeting the
aggressor on his own terms and
issues" 1t insisted that an ade-
quate and continuing military
program must be based on a
sound dynamic economy. 1t
urged tax reform, reductions in
national spending and decen-
tralization of Government.
"The real challenge to the
United States" the report en-
phasized, "is to re-evaluate the
methods by which q republic
can meet its challenges with
out renouncing the spirit of
liberty. KhruShchev knows
that the majority of Americans
support the present admins
tration's policy of firmness.
Any presidential candidate who
questions the credibility of the
deterrent power in such a way
as to discredit the national will
to act automatically places in
jeopardy that credibility if he
is elected President"
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Republicans Produce
Blueprint for Defense

suspect a good deal of it will
appear in the Republican plat
form" A task force member,
Representative Laird of Wis
conSin, is on the platform
drafting committee.
The study report concludes
that the United States is and
can continue to be superior
militarily to Soviet Russia. 1t
declares that if the United
States maitains its economic
position and present basic poll
icies of the administration the
Russians will not catch up
with us economically either"
1t defends present levels of
spending and this Nations
military defense posture. And it
adds that no one else has yet
formulated or even proposed
workable alternatives to the
strategy" that has deferred
war and appreciable Commu-
mist expansion since 1854.
Gov. Rockefeller has urged
greater defense spending as
we'll as broader efforts to ex-
pand national economic growth
and public welfare. Mr.. Ford
remarked to reporters that Il
don't know of any information
Gov. Rockefeller has received
since 1858 that would justify
saying that the military budget
should be increased by as much
as SO billion"
Mr.. Ford, Representative
Byrnes Of Wisconsin, the House
Republican Policy Committee
chairman and other task force
members emphasized that the
report "basically indorseS" Eli
senhower administration poll
cieS. They said it will be a
direct challenge to the Demo-
Gratis to come up with some
thing better"
They nevertheless said the
reports specific recommended
tions in several instances
pointed out that in the fu-
ture some Of the policies could
Evening star., 1960-06-20
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
Star Staf Writer

Republican task force spokes-
men today fill out for the
House a blueprint" Of eco
nomic and defense policies that
may go into the G. o. P. plat
form to answer administration
critics.
Results of a four month study
and the details of % volumi-
nous papers by experts in vari-
GUS fields suggest changes in
some areas where the Eisen-
hover administration has been
criticized.
But the findings to be ex-
planned to the House today in
speeches by a House Republi-
can policy committee task
force of Is members essentially
support the administration. The
task force chairman, Repre-
sentative Ford of Michigan,
mentioned as a possible vice
presidential nominee, said the
overall report was approved by
Vice President Nixon.
While denying that the study
report was designed to answer
anybody" task force members
concede that several of its
pronouncements differ substan-
TALLY not only with charges
by Democrats but also with
statements of New York Gov.
Nelson A. Rockefeller.
Before summaries were re-
leased yesterday for publica-
ton Mr.. Ford disclosed that the
overall report was shown to
Charles H. Percy designated
chairman Of the Resolutions
Committee of the Republican
National Convention to be held
in Chicago next month. Mr..
Ford told reporters that Il
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Nixon Names Bean
As Campaign Aide
By the Associated Press

Vice President Nixon has
appointed Richard L. Bean,
California public relations ex-
ecutive, as campaign press as
siStant.
The announcement was made
yesterday by Herbert G.. Klein,
Mr.. Nixon's press secretary,
who said Mr.. Bean will oper-
ate from Nixon = for President
campaign headquarters here.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Martin Honored

HENNIKER, N. H.. June 20
(AP).-RepresentaCive Joseph
w. Martin of Massachusetts.
Republican leader in the House
in Washington for 20 years,
today received an honorary
doctor of laws degree in COM
ceremonies at New
College.
Evening star., 1960-06-20

passage ICIlCCUSU IIllS.
Government and postal work
ers constitute a bloc of 2.5 mil
lion votes. Counting their fam
lilies, this bloc of votes increases
to 4 or 5 million.
This is a sizable number of
votes, and many a Republican
member of Congress is fearful
that a pay raise veto not over
turned by Congress could de-
feat him in November.
Even more important is the
fact that President Eisenhower,
in effect, is a lame duck" Pres
ident because he is leaving
office in January.
AS a result, in its effort to
have Congress sustain the veto,
the administration cannot hold
out promises of patronage or
projects to Republican Con-
greSsmen, nor can it threaten
to withhold these favors.
At this stage Of the game, as
far as Congress is concerned,
it's every man for himself. Re-
publican members cannot be
cajoled or threatened by the
administration as in past pay
raise vetoes, because the ad-
ministration no longer has the
power to carry through.
It's no secret that in the past,
when the administration sue
cesSfully rounded up enough
votes to sustain vetoes, some
Republican congressman were
offered patronage appointments
for their constituents and con-
Struction projects in their
States and districts, such as
new post offices, Federal build
ingS, roads and dams. These
promises were held out in re-
turn for their pledge to vote
to sustain a presidential veto.
Now, with many Republicans
expected to vote to override Mr..
EisenhoWer's certain veto of
the rs per cent classified and
8.4 per cent postal employe pay
raise bill, observers feel the
veto will be overridden by a
margin of at least 8 votes in
the Senate and so in the House
over the required two-thirds
margin.
DOWNGRADING PROTEC-
TION-The House Civil Serv-
ice Committee has appointed a
subcommittee headed by Rep
reSentative Porter, Democrat of
Oregon, to handle a bill giving
postal workers the same pro-
lection as classified employees
against salary cuts when their
jobs are downgraded through
no fault Of their own.
\ \
TRANSITION - Representa-
tive Broyhill, Republican OF
Virginia, has asked Chairman
Murry of the House Civil Serv-
ice Committee to set up a SUBJ
committee to study and make
recommendations for easing
any impact on Government
employees resulting from the
change of administrations in
January. Mr.. Broyhill is a
member of the committee.
Mr.. Broyhill said any per-
sonnel adjustments should "be
made with the least possible
disruption and hardShips to
the career employees whose re-
sponsibilities are carried out
within the framework of policy
established by whatever ad-
Evening star., 1960-06-20

ministration is in Office" The
Virginian also stressed that the
Civil Service Commission has
the major responsibility for
making this transition as Or
derly and non-disruptive as
possible"
%&&
CAPITAL ROUNDUP-Rob-
ert Schultheis of Army has
been elected president of the
Society for Personnel Admin
istration. Others elected were
James Walden, international
Cooperation Administration,
executive vice president; Edwin
Deckard. United States Infor-
nation Agency, vice president
for membership; John Gar
nett, Interior, vice president
for chapters; L. David Kork,
Civil Service Commission, Sec
retary. and David Sica, Vet
erans' Administration, treas
urer Robert Beatty has
been elected president of the
General Accounting Office EN-
plOyes Association. Others
elected were Leonard Kukoski
and James Callan, vice presi-
dents; Daisy Rees, secretary;
Clara McGrath, assistant Sec
retary; Peter Kramer, treas
urer; Abraham Robinson, as
sistant treasurer; Theodore
Ruggiero, membership secre-
tary, and John Ranney, coun-
sci. Carl Berger, GAO employe
relations officer and editor of
the Watchdog, the associations
magazine, was honored for
outstanding service to the as
Sociation.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
Overriding Vote Seen
If Pay Rise Is Vetoed
BY JOSEPH YOUNG
Star Stan Writer

Here are the chief reasons why Democratic Con-
grsS and Federal empoye leaders confident that the
expected presidential raise will be overridden
FIRST this is an election year. with members and
one-thrd Of the SenateS members for election
overwhelming vote in House the bills final
Evening star., 1960-06-20
SeH'Uice Is
Important!

. | believe thot good service
is os importont os O good
product. Thot's why, when
you buy O Cronson RombIer
you not only buy Americas
No. Success Cor, you oIso
get O big bonus in Cronson
Rombler's unexceIIed service.
Please prove this to yourself
by visiting Cronson Rambler
OF 1892 Bethesda Avenue,
Bethesda, Maryland.
Al CrdnSon, President
Evening star., 1960-10-07

She employs both the familiar
teeth and the well-known vocal
infections but without belabor-
ing them. Her portrait is an
other that comes largely from
within and her Mrs. F. D. r. is
truly winning, with warmth of
personality. lively mind, quick
humor and her own courage in
a time of need.
- =
Another contributor to the
warmth and appeal Of Sunrise
at Campbello" is Hume Cronyn.
playing Roosevelt's advisor, goad
and politically astute aide. Mr..
Cronyn is another one here who
couldn't be improved on.
Ann Shoemaker adds a know
ing and deft portrayal in the
difficult role Of Sara Roosevelt,
the mother who wasn't about
to cut the apron strings merely
because her son was q grown
man. Contributing on q smaller
scale but effectively are Alan
Bunce cal Smith, Jean Hagan
missy Leland. Zena Bethune
Gamma RooSevelt) and Tim Con-
sidine (James Roosevelt).
If you were in Washington
during the exciting Roosevelt
years you can't get along with
out Sunrise at Campobello. I"
If you were not-and even If
you are a Republican-you still
will find Mr.. Schary's intimate
documentary drama an enrich
ing experience. You don't find
these in a movie theater every
day of the week.