davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-06-16

sharply limited by its fuel ca
pacity.
From the start of the Atomic
Age it was apparent that nu-
clear power was the answer
to a submariner's prayer. A re-
actor requires no oxygen and
carries in its cores critical
mass enough fuel to give the
vessel unlimited range.
That was the argument for
the nuclear submarine, as
smooth and sleek as the theory
/ of the atomic reactor. But it
took nearly eight years of high
priority operations to iron out
the difficulties and get the
first atomic submarine, Nau-
titus, in commission.
Along in the early SOS, the
idea of generating power from
atomic fission for consumption
! See ATOMIC, Page ALT
Evening star., 1960-06-16

Khrushchev's violent personal
attacks on Mr.. Eisenhower
forced1the Western allies closer
together and strengthened their
resolve to resist Soviet threat
and buster. But the cancella-
ton of Mr.. Eisenhower's trip to
Tokyo threatens to undermine
a vital anchor point of the
system of anti Communist
alliances in the Far East.
Mr.. Kishi's government, being
compelled to confess its in
ability to maintain order, ap-
pears now to have no choice
except TO resign, which is what
the riotous left-wing students
have been demanding.
Mr.. Kishi himself, it was
noted here, said he would not
quit or dissolve the Parliament
until a pending new United
States-Japanese security pact
is ratified this week end. The
ratification process will be COM
pleted automatically so long
as Parliament remains in ses-
sion.
Pact Main Target
The security pact rather
than Mr. Eisenhower's visi
has been the prime target o
leftwing and Communist op
position. BY holding Farlia
ment in session Mr.. Kishi ma
the power to win the form O
a victory on the issue of it
See DEFEAT, Page A
Evening star., 1960-06-16
BY ANDREW w. BINGHAM
Star staff Writer

District School Supt. Carl F.
Hansen today proposed a
minimum" $63.1 million
school budget for the 1872
year.
The overall total is $2.5
million less than he requested
for 1901, although the esti-
mate for operating expenses is
$1.9 million higher.
Tbe superintendent stressed
the modest nature of his pro-
posal, which he presented to
the Finance Committee of the
Board of Education. He called
| it minimum" adding that "at
the same time it does provide
for expansion of needed serv-
ices"
Requests for a supervisor of
library services and establish
ment of a lay reader program
are the only entirely new items
in the operating budget of $5S
million.
DR.. Hansen has also included
previous years requests for ele-
mentary school counselors, jun
ior high librarians, an exten-
sion of the summer school pro.
gram, and additional secreta'
Evening star., 1960-06-16

Unsuitable appetite for oxygen
Their motors are electric. but
directly or indirectly this elec-
tricity has to come from diesel
engines. This is a form Of
internal combustion engine
which requires large amounts
of air.
This limitation means that a
pre-atomic submarine must
operate either at or near the
surface when running under
diesel power, and is severely
restricted in range when deeply
submerged and operating on
storage batteries.
Oxygen is the big considera-
ton, but not the only one. Fuel
is another. A diesel engine gob-
bles great quantities of oil, and
fuel storage space, like every
other kind in a submarine, Is
at a premium. The conven-
tional submarines range Il
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Kishi Defies
Demands
He Resign
By GENE KRAMER
Associated Press STAFF Writer

TOKYO. June 16.-PreSident
Eisenhower's goodwill visit to
Japan was Cancelled today un-
der the threat of Communist
violence. The United States
Japanese defense treaty still
was in danger.
The pact becomes law auto
matically Sunday unless Prime
Minister Nobusuke Kishi can be
forced to dissolve Parliament
before then. The Communist
led mobs have two more days
in which to try to bring about
the downfall of the Kishi gov
ernment and void the treaty.
In announcing the Eisen-
hover trip is off, Mr.. Kishi told
reporters:
Even if there is the slightest
bit of doubt about the Presl.
dents safety in Japan, it makes
it inappropriate for him to visit
at this time"
Mr.. Eisenhower, in Manila,
regretfully agreed. Like Mr..
Kishi, he blamed Tokyo's left.
wing turmoil on a small group
Of Communist agitators. He had
been due here Sunday.
Other Visits Stand
White House Press Secretary
James C. Hagerty announced
Mr.. Eisenhower would 60 ahead
with his visits to Formosa and
Korea, although the date for
the latter might be changed.
Even as Mr.. Kishi urged ia
pan to fight Communist mob
! violence, thousands of left
wing demonstrators marched
outside his official residence,
screaming for the United
! States-aligned cabinet to re-
sign.
Zengakuren, the fanatical
Marxist student organization
: which staged the most violent
of Tokyo's five weeks of demon
strations, issued a statement
claiming credit for cancellation
of Mr.. Eisenhower's visit.
zengakuren leaders threat
ened unlimited strikes and
daily demonstrations until XII
shi and United States-Japan
security are thrown out"
But Mr.. Kishi said he will
! not bow to worldwide Com
: munist demands for a breakup
: of Japan's military alliance
= with the United States and
] resignation of his cabinet.
d Won't Discuss Quitting
He said he will not even
discuss dissolving Parlimaent or
= quitting until the final ex-
IS change of ratifications of the
# new pact providing for Amer
It ican bases here for at least
i another decade.
d The Japanese government
d could easily drive the mobs
i from the streets if it could get
: some backing from press and
d public to restore order. But
Is police have been reluctant tc
use their full powers because
e See TOKYO, Page At
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Senate Action
Pledged Soon
On D. {. Vote
Issue Is Third
On Johnson's
Priority List
BY GRACE BASSETT
Star stan Writer

Majority Leader johnson to-
day promised the Senate hel
would call up within a few
days a proposed constitutional
amendment to give District
residents a vote in presidential
elections.
The suffrage proposed will be
priority business after the Sem
ate disposes of the defense
budget and Federal pay legisla-
ton, Senator johnson said on
the floor.
Debate is underway today on
defense appropriations. The
House yesterday passed a rs
per cent salary increase for
Federal and District classified
employees and the Senate is due
to act swiftly on the measure.
Vote Possible Tomorrow
This means the vote on the
constitutional a m n d m n t
could come up tomorrow. The
House passed the measure
Tuesday. The House-passed
version would limit the num-
ber of District electors in the
Electoral College to three.
The Senate. on February 2.
cleared a broader suffrage
amendment without the limita-
ton and with provisions for a
District delegation in the House
Of Representatives.
So, the question before the
Senate is whether to accept
the House version or reject it
and fight for the Senate posi-
ton in a conference.
Confer on Strategy
Sponsors of the Senate reSo-
tuition - Republican Senators
Heating Of New York, Case of
South Dakota and Beall of
Maryland-are conferring to-
day with Senate Constitu-
tional Amendments Subcom-
mittee Chairman Kefauver,
Democrat of Tennessee, to fix
their strategy.
Senate approval of the House
Language would send the amend
ment proposal to the Legisla-
lures of the so States.
If three-quarters of the State
legislatures clear the measure
within seven years, it will be-
come the Twenty-third Amend
ment to the Constitution and
part of the basic law of the
land.
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Switching Minimized
5000 Okinuwuns
CIush With Police

NAHA, Okinawa, June 16
(AP). Three thousand Ryuk-
yuan demonstrators clashed
with club-swinging police out
side the residence of Chief
Executive Seisaku Ota last
night in a protest against q
proposed tax increase.
No one was injured.
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Senate Hears johnson
Call Riots 'BIockmoil'

seek to build between men," he
said. "It becomes more and
more apparent that commu-
nism can succeed only by dig
ging deep CULTS of misunder-
between peoples, and
this we must not allow them
to do"
Setback Conceded
Senator Johnson's denuncia-
ton of Communist tactics
amounted to a distillation of
Congress- reaction on that
point, and there was general
agreement that the United
States and the free world had
suffered an embarrassing dip
lomatic setback. But the mat
ter soon got into politics, and
on other aspects there was
more divergence.
Senator johnson told the
Senate there have been some
serious reservations about this
trip from the beginning" And
Chairman Fulbright of the
Foreign Relations Committee
said perhaps we should have
exercised a little more fore
sight" in view of worldwide
Communist tactics.
Senator DirkSen, Republican
of Illinois, the Senate G. o. p
leader, called the story of the
Japan trip "a flaming example
to free people everywhere
of what Communist ruthless
ness and brutality can really
do to subvert a people"
Their next step will be
aimed to compel the expulsion
of American troops from ia
pan," he predicted in a Senate
speech.
Senator Dirksen said il
should stand as a lesson tt
some who thought it was ar
appropriate idea for President
Eisenhower to apologize" tt
Khrushchev for the U-2 sp!
plane incident.
He said it also should be
lessoon for some" who haC
been quoted in a Paris news
paper interview.
IF this is lost on them,
give up" he added.
Jab at Kennedy
Senator Dirksen did no
name names but his remarl
about the apology clearly Wa
aimed at Senator Kennedy
Democrat of Massachusetts,,
front-runner for the Demo
cratic presidential nominatior
who has said he thinks Mr.. FL
senhower might have expreSse,
regret over the spy plan
downed in Russia, but has de
MED he ever suggested an apol
ogy.
A Paris journalists interview
See REACTION, Page A
Evening star., 1960-06-16
FROSTY DRINKS
FOR SUMMERTIME

AN ENTIcING ARRAY Of thirst
quenehers for these hot, suItry days
is certain to make q hit for your
eorden parties. Violet Faulkner,
The Stor's food editor. lists recipes
for cooling summer drinks on Pose
D-l.
THE K STREET TUNNEL con-
struction work under Woshinoton
circle begins next month. For q
report on thot project and Others
throughout the Washington oreo
see Poee B-6.
Evening star., 1960-06-16

international event has gone
against the wishes of Mr.. Eisen-
hover and along lines charted
by the international Commu-
mist leadership. At Paris May
16 Soviet Premier Khrushchev
killed the Big Four summit con-
ference in its first meeting,
leaving Mr.. Eisenhower and his
British and French allies to
survey the wreckage of their
hopes for some improvement in
East-West relations.
Today's debacle in Tokyo is
potentially more damaging to
the United States and its allies,
and in the long run poses a
greater threat to the balance
of United States-Soviet rela-
tions and therefore to world
peace, than did the breakdown
in Paris.
Immediate Problem
The immediate problem be-
fore Mr.. Eisenhower and Japa-
nese Prime Minister Kishi, ir
fact, is how to handle the
situation to minimize the in
jury to United States-Japanesc
relations and to the free worlC
political position and defens'
structure throughout the Fal
East.
The great difference between
the May 16 breakdown at Pari
and the June 16 disaster il
Tokyo is this:
The explosion of the summi
conference coupled with Mr.
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Briton Scales Peak

KATMANDU. Nepal, June 16
(AP).-The Nepal government
reports a Briton, P. j. Wallace,
has conquered the 24,300-foot
Ganesh Himal Peak with help
only from two Sherpa guides.
The peak, one of the Hima-
laya's most hazardous, was
topped in 1856 by a Swiss team
headed by Raymond Lambert.
Evening star., 1960-06-16
Speed |sLike|y
On Pay Rise
Ample Votes Seen
To Upset Veto
BY JOSEPH YOUNG
Star Staf Writer

Senate leaders today pre-
dicted speedy passage of the
Federal pay raise bill which
was overwhelmingly approved
yesterday by the House.
Employe spokesmen now are
optimistic that a presidential
veto of the bill can be over
riden.
Predictions are that the bill
calling for a rs per cent raise
for classified workers and an
average 8.2 per cent boost for
postal employees will pass the
Senate shortly - possibly to-
morrow.
The House yesterday ap-
proved the bill by far more
than the two-thirds majority
required to override President
Eisenhower's expected veto.
Action in the House capped
a hectic day on the pay raise
legislation. Earlier in the day
the bill was cleared by both
the House and Senate Civil
Service Committees.
Two Crucial Votes
Actually, there were two
vital and significant votes il
the House on the pay bill.
The first came on the Re-
publican leadership's move tt
recommit the bill to COMMITTEES
with instructions to come bacl
with a 5 per cent pay rais'
bill. House Minority Leade.
Halleck summoned all the Re
publican strength he coult
muster in support of the re
committal move. Yet it los
by the lopsided vote of 32'
to "a.
Then, on the final vote t,
approve the rs per cent classi
fled and 8.2 per cent postal EN-
ploye pay raise bill, the vote wa
377 to 40 in favor.
Switching MinimiZed
These votes do not neces
Sarily mean that some Republi
cans among the many VIII
voted for the rs per cent bi
on both test votes won't bac
President Eisenhower on votin
to sustain the expected veto.
But pay raise sponsors fee
See SPOTLIGHT, Page A
III
Evening star., 1960-06-16
HumiIioting US. Defeat
Seen in Visit Collapse
Red Victory Called Serious Threat
To VituI Far East Defense Anchor
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
Associated Press Staff Writer

The United States suffered humliating and costly
defeat today in the collapse of President Eisenhowers
scheduled visit to Tokyo
The Sovet-Chinese Communist bloc victory of
proportions.
1t the second time in exactly month that great
Evening star., 1960-06-16
The. Atomic Years
Electrical Generation Reaches
Threshold With 1860 Plants
CHAPTER V
BY WILLIAM HINES
Star Science Writer

Like the atom bomb project ITSELF the job Of building
nucear power reacto would not have been undertaken
there had not been good sound military reason for it,
the unsatisfactory performance OF even
the most advanced submarines in World War II.
chief trouble with conventional submarines is their
Evening star., 1960-06-16

Va 4AAAAPAAs
Along with gratitude for Mr..
Eisenhower's affectionate vel
EorIy Senote Approval Of Jopon Treaty
Seen. Poge AS
Text Of communique. Pooe AS
come here, his aides displayed
relief at cancellation of his trip
to Japan.
In a final communique with
President Carlos P. Garcia, Mr..
Eisenhower pledged that any
attack on this former American
colony would be instantly re-
PEELED p"
This was what Philippine
leaders have been wanting as
a major gain from Mr.. Eisen-
hower's 21a-day visit. These
islands lie only an hours jet
flight from Communist China
and are firmly allied with the
West. Filipino officials wanted
United States defense pledges
outlined in black and white to
put Peiping on notice.
"Thls makes our cups brim
over" said one Filipino official.
Goes to FOrmOsa Next
The President continued to
be the object of popular acclaim
and affection in the Philip
pines. He appeared uncon-
cerned about cancellation of
his Japanese visit.
The trip had been planned to
start Sunday. Press Secretary
James c. Hagerty said Mr.. Eli
senhower's schedule will be re-
vised aboard the cruiser st.
Paul as the presidential party
heads for Formosa. He is due
in the Nationalist Chinese is
land stronghold Saturday.
Filipinos turned out in a light
rain to cheer Mr.. Eisenhower
again as he left Manila aboard
a United States Navy launch
that took him to the heavy
cruiser st. Paul, flagship of the
United States 7th Fleet, for the
trip to Formosa.
In Seoul, the government in.
vited the President to advance
his visit to South Korea by
coming here Sunday in view oi
the cancellation of the Jap.
anese visit. He had been sched.
uled to go to Korea after visit
ling Japan.
Friendship Not Shaken
Mr.. Hagerty read off a pre-
pared statement announcing
cancellation of the Japan trip
Mr.. Eisenhower Joined Primt
Minister Nobusuke Kishi of ia
pan in blaming a small, or
ganized minority lied by pro
, fessional Communist agitators
for the long series of riots tina
made it impossible for tn
japanese government to guar
antee the Presidents safety.
Mr.. Eisenhower vowed tina
See EISENHOWER, Page A
Evening star., 1960-06-16
TILE lAIeAFuEn. Full Report
tH6 WEAt TEN. on Poee Az

District and vicinity-Fair and not as cool
tonight, high around 6S. Hot and humid
tomorrow with scattered thunderstorms.
High and low Of last "a hours: High, 86 at
$3.50 pm. yesterday; low. 50 at $50 am.
today.
Evening star., 1960-06-16
U.S.. Treaty in. Danger;
Manila Assured HeIp
Armed
Pledged by
President
BY JOHN SCALI
Associated Press staf Writer

MANILA, June 16.-Presi-
dent Eisenhower wound up his
visit here tonight by pledging
the United States to defend
the Philippines instantly
against any armed attack. The
promise scored a diplomatic
success to match his personal
triumph.
Along with gratitude for Mr..
Eisenhower's affectionate vel
EorIy Senote Approval Of Jopon Treaty
Seen. Pose AZ
Evening star., 1960-02-14

TIo tdUtofIonoT!
1895 6 ST. NV, Washington. C.-N
Evening closes in School Of Accounting, Business
leoding TO degrees OF BoeheoT and Moster OF
and Muster Of Commercial Science and Bachelor
port1tion and C.P.A. review courses. These co
student the required knowledge for odvanesment
Applications being received for the spring
or write for free Cutaoque
Evening star., 1960-02-14
THE SUNDAY STAR D-7
Vohin9ton, u. I.
FebrUory ID, 1860

have been named on the deans
honor roll at Mars Hill College,
Mars Hill, NC.
Thomas, an electrical engi-
neering major, is the son Of
Mr.. and Mrs. Shelton A. Smith,
3l79 Westover drive Sc, and
Carolyn, a business science
major. is the daughter f-Mr.
and Mrs. Carl E. Schneider,
5l8 Nicholson street NV
Kenneth Marius, an electrical
engineering senior at Howard
University, has been cited by
the International Telephone
and Telegraph Corp. for a
cumulative scholastic average
of 3.76.
He was given earlier this
month plaque emblematic of
IIle Sl,UUU competitive Sch0lar-
ship he received from the COR
poration at the beginning of the
school year.
David Dahlgren. son of Mr..
and Mrs. Hiding L. Dahlgren,
1886 Leslie avenue Sc, and a
freshman chemistry major at
the Gustavus Adolphus College,
st. Peter. Mimi, is the from
bone player in the 60-piece
college band now touring seven
northern States.
Evening star., 1960-02-14
COLLEGE NEWS

James M. White of Amman.
dale is one of the 19 freshmen
at Duke University, Durham
N. c., elected to Phi Eta Sigma
national freshman scholastic
honorary fraternity.
James is the son Of Mr.. and
Mrs. M. w. White, 1888 Co.
lumbia pike, Annandale.
Edward c. Johnson, jr., OF
3239 North Albemarle street
Arlington, and a fifth and final
year student in the School OF
Architecture at the University
of Virginia, has been selected
as the most outstanding stu
dent at the university from the
Metropolitan Washington Area
by the University of Virginia
Club of Washington.
%% -
William L. Masilek Of Wash
ington and an electronics stu
dent at the Southern Techni-
cal Institute, Chamblee, Ga,
has earned honor-roll listing
for the last quarter with a
scholastic average of 400, the
highest possible for a student
to achieve. William is the son
of Mrs. Ruth Leighton, 1924
Sixteenth street NV.
Joan LevertOn Of Washing
ton has been chosen a mem
ber of the 1860 May Court at
the Randolph h-Macon Woman's
College, Lynchburg, Va.
Joan is the sophomore class
representative to the Student
Government Association and q
member of Kappa Delta soror-
ity.
May Queen for the year is
Jane Collins. daughter of Flor
ida Governor and Mrs. Leroy
Collins.
Joan is the daughter of Capt.
and Mrs. Joseph w. Leverton
They are now in the Far East.
Two Washington area STU
dents have been selected for
the Privilege List because of
Evening star., 1960-02-14
Teachers Ethical Code Comes Under Scrutiny

ton Of the school and the COM
munity.
4. The members of the teach
ing profession have inescapable
obligations with respect to en-
ployment. These obliRations are
nearly always shared employer
employe responsibilities based
upon mutual respect and good
faith.
5. The teaching profession is
distinguished from many other
occupations by the uniqueness
and quality of the profess
sional relationships among all
teachers.
Student Standards Proposed
These are high-sounding
principles. How are they carried
out in practice?
Teachers are urged to deal
justly and impartially with stu
dents regardless of their physi-
cal, mental, emotional, social,
racial or religious character
iStics.
They are told to respect the
basic responsibility of parents
for their children. On a per-
Sonal level, they are asked to
adhere to any reasonable pat
tern OF behavior accepted by
the community for professional
persons. And finally. they are
requested to:
Make the teaching profess
sion so attractive in ideals and
practices that sincere and able
young people will want to enter
it,"
That teachers do not always
live up to these high ideals is
understandable. However, the
NEA and other major educa-
tional organizations are con-
vinced that the code of ethics
is essential for the continued
growth of the teaching profess
sion. Last summer the Student
National Educational Associa-
ton formulated its own code of
ethics, calling for the highest
possible standards for those
planning to enter upon teach
ing as a career.
This code is now under con-
sideration and will be presented
to the 1860 student NEA leader
ship conference in June when
teachers and future teachers
of America" meet at San Diego,
Calf.
In MEAS professional ethics
quiz the emphasis is placed
upon the role Of the teacher in
maintaining high moral, social
and personal standards, as we'll
as high professional classroom
principles.
Enforcement Lax
However, in the last two
decades. only one teacher has
been dismissed for violating
the code. Teachers whose con-
duct reflects unfavorably on
the public schools have been
tolerated.
Somehow a Club" attitude,
comparable to that found in
the Senate, has grown up
around teachers groups. The
NEA Ethics Committee looks
forward to the time when ma
tional. State and local associa-
tions will take disciplinary ac-
ton against teachers whose
conduct reflects adversely upon
the profession.
The vast majority Of teach
Evening star., 1960-02-14
By DR.. BENJAMIN FINE

II q boy is to be chosen to
carry the American flag in a
school activity, should the
teacher select:
/. One who is well dressed
and who would wear appro-
pirate clothing for the public
appearance?
2. Any boy who is likely to
do a good job Of carrying the
flag?
8. One whose parents are
recognized as active citizens in
good civic standing?
4. One who looks the part
Of a typical American boy?
Or take this situation, which
frequently occurs in the aver
age public school:
Fred, one Of 29 fourth-grade
pupils, gets emotionally upset
and sometimes nauseated when
he has to read aloud before
the class. His teacher should:
/. Require Fred to take his
turn at oral reading along with
the others.
2. Refrain from holding ora
reading with the class unti'
Fred makes a better adjust
ment.
3. Allow Fred to read orally
in a setting which will not
disturb him so violently.
4. Hold Fred to the same
standards expected Of the other
pupils.
S. Keep Fred after school,
until he decides to participate
equally with the other children
The above two examples are
taken from a "professiona,
ethics quiz" for teachers pre-.
pared by the National Educa-
ton Association.
1t is not enough, educators
now agree, to give a potentia,
teacher a good academic pro-
gram and an advanced degree
attesting to his training anc
erudition. Something is lack
ing If the teacher does not
understand the code of ethics
Of the teaching profession.
In the first example men,