Evening star., 1960-10-13
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
The alliance should conduct
q psychological warfare cam
paign against the Soviet Union.
NATO should coordinate
disarmament efforts-propose
disarmament moves to the
United States and be informed
Of American ideas.
MIR. Bowie was given his as
signment by Secretary of State
Herter last December. The
report indicates that he, Prof.
Klaus Knorr Of the Princeton
Center for International Stud
les and Prof. Lincoln Gordon
Of Harvard Business School, did
most of the work. The princi-
pal Pentagon contact, the re-
port says, was Brig. Gen.
Hamilton Twitchell of the office
Of the Army Chief of Staff.
The report was filed late in
August and then circulated in
the Pentagon and State De-
partment for comment.
Reaction was broadly favor
able, those who have read the
report say, though there has
been some military and civilian
criticism. Gen. NorStad is re-
ported to have described the
Bowie report to Mr.. Eisenhower
and secured his general bless
ing to its goals and basic
proposals.
It has not yet been adopted
as formal administration policy,
however.
Twin to Irwin Report
The Bowie report was de-
signed to be a twin to the
Irwin report" now being
worked on in the Pentagon.
A group under Assistant Secre-
tary Of Defense John N. Irwin
Is developing purely military
recommendations for the fu-
ture of NATO. So far, Pentagon
sources say. its findings do not
conflict with those of the Bowie
group.
The double package is in
tended by the White House to
be the basis for this coun-
try's long-range policy toward
NATO.
The aim Of the Bowie report
is to revitalize NATO-find a
way to meet the acknowledged
growing Soviet threat to Eu-
rope and put an end to the
growing European doubts about
NATO. u
1t would do these things by
making the alliance so close
and broad it would become al
most a federation. On the
military side. it would let the
Europeans-as a group-make
the decision when to use mas
sive retaliation and would keep
the A-bombs away from Eu-
rope, itself, by resting NATO
defense on non-nuclear weap-
ons.
Attitude Of Services
The American Army is in
general sympathy with the
Bowie report for several rea-
sons:
It squares with a trend in
Army thinking away from nu-
clear tactical weapons; it rec
ornmends that the American
tactical forces" (the Army
and the Air Forces Tactical
Air Comman6 be modernized;
itsagrees with the Army thesis
that big nuclear weapons will
never be used but that con-
ventional. limited wars prob
ably will be fought.
The American Navy likes the
report, on the whole, because:
It would have the effect of
speeding up the Polaris pro-
gram; it accepts current Navy
ideas about the proper employ
ment Of big-war nuclear weap-
ons, and it would make sacri-
fees. the Navy thinks necessary
to enliven NATO.
The American Air Force
seems to be on the fence. The
report has no specific recon-
mendations which would
change the composition of the
Air Force. The main Air Force
worry seems to be that the
other services would get a lot
OF extra money under the plan
and that some Air Force ideas
on big-war strategy would not
become q part of NATO policy.
In the State Department
there is some opposition-on
the ground that the proposals
would give too much to the
Europeans and that the degree
Of political and military inte-
grafton would be unacceptable
to France and Britain in par
ticular. Also, there is doubt in
some State Department circles
that Gen. Norstad or his sue
cesSor should have all the
power that goes with a private
Polaris fleet.
POlaris Plan Argued
This Polaris proposal in the
report is becoming the most
controversial. In brief, NATO
would be offered the use of a
IL to IA boat Polaris fleet as