Evening star., 1960-09-22

appropriate and timely finan-
ctal assistance from these two
multilateral financial sources as
the emerging countries qualify
for their aid.
Much Aid Needed
OF course, many forms OF aid
will be needed: Both public
and private on a bilateral and
multilateral basis. For this as
siStance to be most effective it
must. be related to the basic
problems and changing needs
of the African countries them
selves. 3
Fifth: AS the final element
Of this program, I propose an
all-out United Nations effort to
help African countries launch
such educational activities as
they may wish to undertake.
1t is not enough that loud
speakers in the public square
exhort people to freedom. It is
also essential that the people
should be furnished with the
mental tools to preserve and
develop their freedom.
The United States is ready to
contribute to an expanded pro-
gram of educational assistance
to Africa by the family of
United Nations organizations,
carried out as the secretary
general may deem appropriate,
and according to the requests
of the African nations them
selves.
Proposes Special Setup
One of the first purposes
OF this assistance, after con-
sultation with and approval by
the governments involve d
might be to establish, staff and
maintain-until these govern
ments or private agencies could
take over-institutes for health
education, for vocational train
ing, for public administration
and statistics, and perhaps
other purposes.
Each institute would be ap-
propriately located and speci-
flcally dedicated to training
the young men and women of
that vast region, who are now
called upon to assume the in
credibly complex and impor-
tant responsibilities inherent in
an explosive emergence into
nationhood.
If the African states should
wish to send large numbers of
their citizens for training
abroad under this program, my
country would be glad to set
up a special commission to CO.
operate with the United Ma
tions in arranging to accom-
modate many more of these
students in our institutions of
learning.
Stresses Five Points
These then are the five in
gradients of the program
propose for Africa;
Non-interference in the Afri-
can countries internal affairs:
Help in assuring their secu-
rity with wasteful and danger
GUS competition in armaments;
Emergency aid to the Congo;
international assistance in
shaping long-term African de-
velopment programs;
United Nations aid for educa-
ton.
Such a program could 60 far
to assure the African countries
the clear chance at the free
dom, domestic tranquility and
progress they deserve.
The changes which are oc-
curing in Africa are also evil
dent elsewhere. Indeed, Africa
is but one part of the new
world of change and progress
which is emerging in all the
developing areas.
Must Widen Program
We must carry forward and
intensity our programs of as
sistance for the economic and
social development in freedom
of other areas; particularly in
Latin America, Asia, and the
Middle East.
Beyond this, we must never
forget that there are hundreds
of millions of people, particu-
larly in the less developed parts
of the world, suffering from
hunger and malnutrition, even
though a number of countries,
my own included. are producing
food in surplus. This paradox
should not continue.
The United States is already
carrying out substantial pro-
grams to make its surpluses
available to countries of great
est need. My country is also
ready to join with other mem
bers of the United Nations in
devising a workable scheme to
provide food to member states
through the United Nations
system. relying on the advice
and assistance of the Food and
Agriculture Organization.
I hope this assembly will
seriously consider a specific
program for carrying forward
the promising food for peace
program.
Seeks Qualified Staff
In the developing areas, we
must seek to promote peaceful
change, as we'll as to assist eco
nomic and social progress. To
do this-to assist peaceful
change-the international COM
munity must be able to mani
fest its presence in emergencies
through United Nations OBJ
servers or forces.
-I@,,1A l.