davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Lunch Counter Bias
Ends In Greensboro

NEW YORK News that lunch
counters were descgregatcd in
Greensboro, NC, on July 25, the
city where the current wave of
"sit-ins' was set off by four Ne
gro college students, brought CO.
gent comment from one OF the
original demonstrators.
One Of the youth, lS-year-oId
Joseph Mcneil. an A & 7 College
sophomore working this summer
as an NAAcP field secretary for
youth, said here today:
The move really inspires me.
We've got 13 more lunch counters
TO intcgrate when We get back to
school this fall" +"
Segregation ended quietly AZ
The counter Of two vsrieiy stores
--WooIworfh and Kress-in Gre
ensboro where store managers
agreed with the Mayors advisory
committee 70 begin service on an
iniesrsfed basis.
Eating facilities we're also de-
segregated this week in the Nor
folk.Portsmouth area of Virginia.
Young Mcneil recalled thai
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

when he and friends sat down
for coffee on February I in
Greensboro, a waitress warned
him they would get in trouble.
"She said. ITS your kind of
PEOPLE who hold your race back"
I'd say what happened in Green's
boro this week proved how wrong
she was"
Sif-ins have been led by NAAcP
youth members in many cities.
The original sif-ins were conduct.
ed by NAAcP young people in
Oklahoma City and Wichita,
Kansas. in August. 1853. The cur
rent wave. beginning in Green's
boro early this year. has spread
70 II southern states. There have
been scores Of arrests with numer-
Gus :ovrt cases pending.
However, growing number
of southern cities are bowling 20
pTessures from Negro groups such
as the NAACP, including Chapel
and Salisbury. North Carolina;
Nashville and Knoxville in Ten
ncssee; Acknowledgements, Va.
and Galveston. San Antonio, Cor
rus Christi and Austin, Texas.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

.s.n.i.l sl2l as well as William
] Benham, another Negro as
pIrant seeking the Fifteenth Dis.
trict post.
For State Senator, Incumbent
Basil W. Brown was unopposed
IN his bid for reelection in the
Second District, while Joseph
Bell, Jr. receive the COP nominal
ton in the Fifth. Other Negroes
seeking senatorial posts were de-
ieated.
In the hot State Representative
lace in the Eleventh District on
Detroit's eastside Incumbents
George Edwards and David S.
Holmes won over Nelis J. Saund-
ers in contest that saw less
then 900 votes separating the, 3
candidates.
IrcumbcntS Edgar Curric, 2nd;
Frederick Yates, 4th; James Brad
ley, 5th; and O. Roosevelt Diggs,
9th won nominations in the state
representative race.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Open Auxiliary
Voting Registration
Stations On Monday

August 8. IS, II, 29; September
q and ~ from II o'clock noon
to 8 Pm. on each Monday speci-
fled in all Police Precinct Sta
tions in the City Of Detroit, ex-
oepfing Headquarters.
Electors who have registered or
voted since January /, 1856 are
net required to rc-register.
Electors who registered prior
70 January /, 1856. but have not
voted since, should apply for re-
registration.
Electors who have registered or
voted since January /, 1856 and
have moved from one address to
another, both within the City of
rCtroit, may transfer by listing
their old and new addresses and
signature on a postal card or on
The reverse side of their Regis
tration Certificate and mailing
same TO the City Election Com
mission. 2O2 City-County Build
ing. Detroit 26, Michigan.
To qualify, a person must be a
citizen Of the United States, at
least II years of age, resident
of Michigan for at Ie 81 6 months
and bondafide resident Of the
City of Detroit for least 80 days
prior 10 the date Of the Election
Of and otherwise qualified may
register now.
Naturalized citizens are request
cd to have their Naturalization
Certificate with them at the time
Of registering.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

Civic Organizations
Fight 18th Street Ssa4rrrs

"A group of civic organization
met in the Terrell Community
center on Monday night to dis.
cuss ways and means by which
to rid the 18th st. area of poten.
tial slums.
The group say there are 81
places within a IS block area
which have license TO sell al
choIic beverages. And most of
them have come into the com.
mJnify recently.
The places protested are on
18th between w. Grand Blvd. and
Clairmount.
The civic organizations are SER
ioJsly DISTURBED. and say they
have become so interested in
making the community a better
place to live, they complained
10 The liquor commission, but
nothing has been done. A reso-
Lotion was unanimously adopted
asking that the L. c. c. be re-
strained from licensing any more
drinking establishments on 18th.
And they also ask for tighter De-
froit Police enforcement of laws
in that particular area.
Councilman William T. Patrick
was the speaker of the evening,
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Diggs, Holmes, Yates,
Edwards, Bradley Win

ILc g.. liry election IN the
Wayne County area was dominat-
cd by incumbents seeking re-
election to their offices.
The election also saw IL. Gov.
John 3. Swanson SCUM diy
trounce his two Democratic OPP
ronents, James Hare, Secretary
OF State and Detroit Councilman
Ed Connors. Swanson will be
opposed by COP nominee, Paul
D. BaewelI for the cuberinatoriaI
post in November.
hep. Alvin Bentley swept TO
a decisive victory over Donald
S. Leonard to become the Re
publican nominee for L. S. Sen
ator lie will oppose Patrick Nc
Ndmara, incumbent.
In Wayne County incumbents
Prosecutor Samuel II. Olsen,
Sheriff Andrew c. Baird, Clerk
Edgar NJ Branigin. Treasurer
Harold Z Stoll. Rcgistc~ of Deeds.
BERNARD r J. Youngblood and
County Auditor Arthur +. sum
crack set torrid PAGES in their
lid for reelection.
For the Congressional nomina-
tion only one-third of the Elect
Three" campaign was victorious,
that was Rep. Charles c. Diggs.
jr., Of the Thirteenth District,
who won al over his opponent
Iran L. Dofy. Robert B. Blackwell
is the COP nominee.
The other two-thirds. Russell
s. Brown was slaughtered by In
cumbent Thaddeus Machrowicz
in the First District while John
ID. Dingell won over Atty Cornell
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Seek To End
Hospital Bias

ANN ARBOR. Mich. - NAACP
General Counsel Robert l.. Carter
will appear on the University of
Michigan telcvision series this
fall entitled, The Blessings Of
Liberty
The fen-parf series will be host
ed by Professor George Peek of
the university's Political Science
Department with Mr.. Carter ap-
Fearing as commentator Of a dra.
natie segment entitled Equal
Protection of the Laws"
Nldco-tapes of the programs
arc in production this month
under direction of Hazcn Schu-
machcr Jr., the Univcrsity's as
sociate director of tclevision. and
are scheduled for release in
carly fall to % tclevision stations.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

The Constitutional Rights sub
committee of the US Senate,
headed by Senator Thomas c.
Hennlngs Cd OF Missouri. has
before il Bill Sll99, a Bill Ito
prevent discrimination IN any
public or semi-public place or by
any public or scmi-puDlic trans.
portation against members OF the
Armed Forces because OF race,
color or creed"
This proposed law is fully in
accord with the stcppcdup de-
mand of student "sit-in" lead
ers who recently demonstrated
at the u. S. Capitol on behalf
OF Negro Gls and veterans. Their
petition read we bcScech
Congress to enact before the
forthcoming national elections a
law granting Negro American
Serviccmen and veterans I'M
nunity from the racial segrega-
tion laws of the several South.
crn States. We believe that hu-
man rights takes precedence over
states Rights, that the American
way of life takes precedence over
the Southern way OF life. We feel
that the time is long past due
when those who have offered
life and limb in defense OF the
American ideal of the equality
ci all men enjoy that equality
within their own country and In
their lifetime.
The Students and veterans who
participated in this demonStra-
ton strongly urge every citizen.
civic group. veterans organlza-
ton and similar bodies in sym
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

civil injunction suits, but only
in school desegregation cases and
then only under certain circum-
stances. The Democratic language
is plain and unrestricted au-
thorizlng injunctive action ITO
revent the denial of any civil
rights on grounds of race. creed
or color Ironically, this pro-
vision was included in President
Eiscnhower's legislative program
which was adopted as part of
the 1856 Republican platform.
Our aim is TO accelerate com
pliance with the school decision
and TO lift the heavy burden of
litigation from harassed Negro
parents. We hope that the dead
line date set by the Democrats
and the civil injunction proposals
will result in more speed and less
deliberateness.
The time has come TO charge
every school board affected by
the Supreme Courts ruling with
responsibility for initiating com
pliancc. School authorities must
not be permitted to continue the
evasion of the law of the land
which has resulted in a disgrace
full average desegregation rate
of one per cent a year.
We approve the provision in
the Democratic plank for a per
manent civil rights commission
with broad powers and we heartily
endorse the important and signi.
ficant opposition by the Rcpubli-
cans TO the use of federal funds
for the construction of segregated
community facilities.
The interest, attention and con-
troversy surrounding the discus
sion of the civil rights plank in
both the Republican and Demo
cratic national conventions in
dicate clearly that civil rights
can longer be regarded as mar
row issue of concern TO minority
groups alone Ii must be rccog-
nized and dealt with as a national
question that challenges the in
tegrity of our democratic pro
fcSsions and our leadership of the
free world.
Neither the Republican nor the
Democratic party by itself can
make good the promises for civil
rights legislation set forth in
their platforms. Neither alone
can deliver"
Only through united action by
both parties in vigorous support
OF the pledges they have made
in common can we realize the
goal of equal Justice and equal
opportunity to which both parties
stand committed and to which
cUl nation is dedicated.
We look forward TO a bcginn-
ING on such united action in the
post-convcntion session of Con
grcSs next month.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Youth Gains Dixie
Swimming Rights

CHARLOTTE. NC, - The
NAACP.sponsorcd wade-in cam
raign has opened up previously
all.whitc public swimming pools
in this city. The city maintains
three pools, one for Negroes and
two for whites.
After a period of negotiations,
three teenage Negro girls were
admitted without incident to the
revolution Park swimming pool,
one of the two for whites, here
on July q. All three-the Misses
Frances DeWalt. 10: Linda Stin-
son. l8; and Willie Mae McCauley,
l6-are members of the local
NAACP youth council.
Mrs. u. S. Brooks, president OF
The Charlotte branch, praised
thc Charlotte Park and Recrea-
ton Commission for opening the
swimming pool to all without
racial restriction.
If this experiment at Revolu-
tion Park succeeds" Mrs. Brooks
said. charlotte will vindIcate
IFS claim TO be the Queen City
of the South This will be a de-
monstration that il can be done"
Kelly Alexander, state NAACP
prcsident. recalled that efforts
10 break through began in 1893
with a drive to open up the parks
.olf course TO Negro players.
The Park Commissions decision
10 admit Negroes to the swim
ming pool, he said, Is In line with
the earlier ruling.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
(ongoIese Visit
NAR office

NEW YORK, The Republic
OF the Congo welcomes and needs
the aid and support of American
Negroes. representatives Of the
new African nation told Arthur
D. Spingarn, NAACP president,
and members of the NAACP staff.
}. c. Weresemere, member Of
the Congo Parliament, and
Emanuel Nrvri. commissioner Of
youth for the monfh-oId nation.
visited The offices ~ the NAAcP
here on July ~. They are mem.
bers 81 The party of consoIese
leaders who accompanied Premier
Psfriee Lvmvmbs on his mission
TO the United Nations and 10
fficisIs Of the United States.
The two Congo leaders cxplain-ti
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

cd problems and needs of their
country and expressed a desire
for the development of cordial
relations with Negro Americans
whose professional and technical
knowledge and skills are urgently
needed by the Republic of the
Congo.
Joining Mr. Spingsrn in the
iwo-hovr conference with the Con-
soiese were NAAcP staff MEM
hers John A. Morsell, assistant
TO the executive secretary; Henry
Lee Moon. director Of public re-
lsfions; cIosier B. Current, di.
rector Of branches; Herbert L.
Wright, youth secretary; and
Randolph L. White. public reIs-
ms assistant.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
NIXON RISES TO ANOTHER CRISIS"

N .
Richard Nixon has delivered himself of OF the
most aseru acceptance speeches in recent national con-
venon history.
TIE REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL NOMINEE HAS
MET CRISES BEFORE, SEVERAL DETERMINING HIS SUR
VivAL AS a POLITICIAN. AND HAS MADE HUNDREDS
Or SNiLLFUL SPEECHES. But NEVER HAS HE CON-
BiNED CRISIS AND SPEECH AS ADROITLy AS He DID
IN ACCEPTING HIS PARTY'S NOMINATION HERE NJ
CHICAGO NEVER HAS He BEEN FACED WITH A SIT
See CRISIS Page 2
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
by William n. Sfrinqer

C.S Monitor 7-28. Central & Atlantic Editions
The Republican National Convention has closed ranks
mpressve around its Lodge presidential ticket and
awaiting thing orders from fhaf resovrcefv sfrafe-
gs. Richard M Nixon.
WITH MR.. NIXON NOMINATED. UNANIMOUSLY"
BY A CHEERING PACKED, MIDEvENiNG CONVENTION
SESSION, AND WITH HENRY CABOT LODGE. CHIEF
UNITED STATES DELEGATE 70 The UNITED NATIONS.
SELECTED AS RUNNING MATE IMMEDIATELY Their
AFTER BY THE vcE-PRESlDENT I'M CONSULTATION
WITH 90 PARTY LEADERS, The CAMPAIGN is BEGIN
MING TO SHAPE UP.
See EXPERIENCE. Page
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Demand. Freedom,
For Tan GI's

pathy. with this law 10 write their
Congressman NOW in support of
this measure More such demon
strations by 'sit-In' leaders and
veterans are planned when Con-
grcss reconvenes August l5thi A
March on Washington by Ne
ero veterans during this session
of Congress has been proposed.
Write the District OF Columbia
Branch, NAACP. 1417 Y ou St,
\. W. Washington 8, DC for
further details.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

The Democratic plank is
stronger and more comprehensive
and does not shrink from the
toachy topics of F.E.P.C. and the
Part III provision which was chop
ned from the 1857 civil rights
bill. Even more significant than
the differences between the Re-
publican and Democratic planks
this year are the areas of agree
ment.
For the first time both parties
have put themselves on record
unequivoeaIIy as favoring the
elimination Of segregation and
other forms Of discrimination
from all areas of community anc
rationsI life. -...-....
Both have pledged to remove
the procedural roadblocks in the
Congress that have impeded pro-
grcss towards that goal.
Both have reaffirmed support
OF the historic right Of peace
fvl protest against the indignities
lnd inivstiees Of discriminatory
treatment.
Most Importantly, both have
recognized the need for affirma-
tive legislative apd executive ae-
tion by the federal government
and have committed themselves
to such a course.
In The area of voting, both
parties have pledged vigorous en-
forcemert of existing statutes
and new legislation TO overcome
The barriers imposed by present
"Iiferaey" tests.
In the area of housing, both
parties have pledged action to
prohibit discrimination in all
housing constructed with federal
funds or subsidies. The Demo
cratic plank goes beyond this in
,nat It's term, "federalIy-asslsted.p
would appear to include as well
all the insuring and lending
functions of the federal govern
ment
In the area of employment,
both parties have pledged the
elimination of discrimination
within the federal establishment
and on all work performed under
government contract. We strongly
favor the provision in the Demo
cratic plank calling for the en-
actment of a federal F.EP.C. and
We trust that the full scale re-
view referred TO in the Republi-
can plank will lead TO Republican
support of such a measure.
In the area of education, both
arties have pledged to implc-
ment the Supreme Courts public
school desegregation ruling of
1854 and to provide technical
and financial assistance TO school
districts in order to facilitate
compliance with that decision.
The Republicans would author
ize the Attorney General to fill
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
BARS CATHOLIC BURIAL
TO GUILTY IN CAR CRASHES"

NY. Trlb III
LAFAYETTE. La. June tAP)--TKE MOST REV.
MAURICE scHExNAYDER, ROMAN CATHOLIC BlshoP
or LAFAYETTE, TODAY ISSUED AN EDIcT REFUSING
CHRISTIAN BURIAL TO ROMAN CATHOLICS DEclARtD
cRlMiNALLY NEGLIGENT IN FATAL AuToMoB'Le AZ,
CiDENTs The Bishops ruling, believed to be me 'rs' o
its kind in the nation he long Fovrn o. July "'
day week end began.
See BURIAL Page
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

City and that Twelfth was amons
the areas affected.
The Ordinance, Patrick said,
will require approval OF the City
Plan Commission and Common
Council before such businesses as
rool halls, shoe shine psrlors and
bars could locate in an area.
He said he expected the ordi-
nance to be on the books within
month.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
Attacked BY
AssaiIant

TOLEDO Special
Attacked by an assailant at
Dorr ST. and Waite Ave. Henry
King, 2l, of 1927 Oakwood Ave,
was admitted to Mercy Hospital
Saturday with severe stab
wounds.
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

Go Detroit Tigers, Washington, D. C.
PRAY FOR LIBERATION FROM THE DEVILS ANTI
CHRIST ADAMEvE MYTHOLooY-AND FOR AWAKEN
ING TO TRIUMPHANT. DIVINE soNsHIP. CHRISTIAN
SCIENCE PRACTITIONERS. PROPHETS, ARE GODS
CHOSEN LIBERAToRS
Andrew Frvehavf
7-27-60 - ll:50 Pm - Opr MN
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

and he said, that Council does
not intend to stand by and see
Twelfth made into another Hast
lngs street" F"
we are not tearing down
Hastings Street on the East Side.
enly to replace IL with a new
one on the West side."
He Pointed out that the Council
had in preparation an ordinance
TO rezone certain sections of the
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

SEE BACK PAGE FOR REVELATIONS OF ETERNAL
PERFECTION OF GODS CREATION YOUR !kut
BEING ! : AND EXPOSURE OF The M-Y-I-h.S :
DEVIL. HELL, SIN, BIRTHS. DISEASE. DtAln'
WARS, MATTER f! ADAM-EvE. MURDEROuS
CAIN, JUDAS : "CHAsTLY FARCE" = FO0llN0
SAulS OF TARSUS. 90 YEARS Plus KIP M var
WINKlE. NOM CHRIST SCIENTIST lltk0I'
LAYMEN. LEADERS. MASSES
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
COMPARES civil
RIGHTS PLATFORMS
BY Roy Wilkins
Executive Secretary, NAACP Chairman,
Leadership Conference on Civil RIGHTS

There are striking differences between the 1860 planks
CT both parties and the adopted by them in 1856 Both
are far ahead Of those chosen four years ago
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
NIXON AND LODGE : TWO STRONG VALIANT
AMERICANS ! GLORY HAliELujAHI
DEVILS REDS, SAY Y0IIp ppAvrpc,

BY ANDREW r. FRuEHAuf. c.s..+4L"
GOD ADDITIONALLY, VIA HIS DETROIT TRIBUNE:
nay MESSIAH U.s. NATION TO ALL TIE nnr,o,,e
WILL 10 TrE LEADING ~'0S'
inr DEVIL AND YOU. His DUPEs, SUCKERS.
DEPUTIES. WON'T LIKE n - BUT TIE o,,s,o
cnAsIENiNc or The LORD DIVINE LOVE
L6sKA'es FROM THE MYTHICAL, "ct4AsTLY
FARCE OF Lso-esIiedl MATERIAL EXISTENCE.
P. H1, MT UNCOMFORTABLE, IMPERATIVE c.s. TEXT.
BOOK. SCIENCE AND EAlTu u,ru xr~
TO THE S-c-R-l-PT-U-R-E-s," DICTATED ro nuo..n,,.
MY INCOMPATIBLE PROPHECIES, REveLAToe
MARI BAKER EDDY. WHOSE MAN CHILD Will
RULE us RuliNGl ALL NATIONS WITH a ROD
or IRON Revelation 2s see " l, tool.
See VALIANT AMERICANS, Page 2
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
FORECAST REPEATED

"Tr.EN hE REPEATED A FORECAST MADE EARLIER
That The FORTHCOMING CAMPAIGN WILL BE SUCH
AS The COUNTRY HAS NEVER SEEN BEFORE"
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06

The band crashed, the people oneered-and Richard
M Nixons in nomination before the great con-
veniion hail -.
See ORDERS. Page
The Detroit tribune., 1960-08-06
"COP WAITS MARCHING ORDERS
NIXON. The BOSS"
by klenard l. Sirout

by kicnard L. Sfrout
WHAT CHARMING WOMEN ON THE NEW HoRIz
= MRS. NIXON, MRS. LODGE. MRS. RockEFELLER.l
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1960-02-11
List Leaders
in Heart Fund

Mrs. Dorothy Trask, Char
don, Geauga County Chair :
man Of the 1860 Heart Fund
campaign has announced the
appointment of several new
chairmen who will supervise
the Heart Fund drive in their
communities.
They are: Mrs. James So
jka, Chardon Township; Mrs.
James Herringshaw, of 230
Ward Dr., and Mrs. Jayne
Rutz, 205 Ward Dr., Ches-
terland co chairmen; Miss
Jane Antelope, Munson
Miss Shelia Baker, Thomp =
son; and Mrs. Betty Venisek,
Troy.
Michael Fisher, 1923 South
ST., Chardon, will be chair
man Cf the Chardon Village
campaign. Heart Sunday will
be conducted by the Key
Club under the supervision
of Mr.. Fisher.
Mrs. Trask said the Heart
Fund campaign will be eli
NAKED by the annual neigh
borhood solicitation on Heart
Sunday, Feb. %.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1960-02-11
Chardon Man
Fined $3.50 in
Juvenile Case

Frank Vitonis, 1S, 3O1 Gym
thia Dr., Chardon, has been
found guilty of acting in
way tending to cause the de-
linquency of a 15-year-old
Chardon girl.
He was fined $3.50, given a
suspended jail sentence and
placed on probation for one
year by Geauga Juvenile
Judge Robert B. Ford.
The case of the girl, who is
charged with delinquency, has
been continued.
According to Chardon DO :
lice, the girl left her home
here at 3 pm. Jan. 80, and
was reported missing by her
parents at 2::30 am. the next
morning.
Police said she walked into
the Willowick Police Depart
ment at 6 am. on January
81, and told officers she had
been abducted. After ques :
tioning there, she was taken
to the Lake County Sheriff's
Department in Painesville.
Two other men involved in
the case, one Of whom took
her to Painesville early Sun
day morning, were both re-
leased after questioning by
police and the prosecutors
office.
Vitonis was with the girl a.
bout a half hour early Sat-
urday evening, according to
Chardon Police Chief J oh n
r. Boil.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1960-02-11
Mr.. and Mrs. Battles Mark so Years

CHESTER - A romance,
which started in G h
High School, eliminated in a
marriage which took place
February Is, 1910. That was
the date of the marriage of
Miss Belle Burton and Lyle
H. Battles of CheSterland.
The wedding was at t h e
home of the parents of the
bride, Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel
Burton in Cleveland. T h e
late Rev. w. L. ASkue, then
pastor of the East Hill Me-
thodiSt church, performed
the ceremony in the presence
of the immediate families.
The bride and groom soon
left for the home of t h e
groom's parents, Mr.. a n d
Mrs. Grant Battles of CheS-
ter. The happy couple came
Wy OUl ecu SdI O1l vic S1SNN
land and Eastern Traction
line to RuSsells Corners, now
S. o. M. and Mayfield. Here
horses and a sleigh were a.
waiting to take them to their
home.
For G. time they lived in an
apartment in the home of his
parents while Mr.. and Mrs
Grant Battles built a n e w
home on what is now East
Hill Drive.
Lyle and Belle started far
ming on the farm which they
still own on Brooklane DR..
Worrell Road it was called
when they set up house
keeping there. Farm activi-
ties have been altered to a
great extent as now the east
side of the farm has been al