davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
They Solved a Mystery

The Nobel Prize for medicine was
awarded jointly to a Briton and an
Australian not only because they have
solved medical mystery but because,
in doing so, they may have opened the
way for long-sought surgical break
through-the successful grating OF
human organs from one person to an
other At present few such CRAFTS will
"take," due to the tendency of the body
to reject tissues that are not exactly
similar in inherent characteristics. The
more light that can be thrown on this
rejection property of the body, the
greater the chances of deviSing means
of tissue transplantation that will have
permanency.
This years prize winners, Sir Frank
MacFarlane Burnet, of Melbourne, Aus
tralia, and DR.. Peter Brian Medawar, of
London, elaborated in discovering that
what is known in medical circles as
chronological tolerance" can be in
duced. In other words, they found a
way, under certain conditions, of i'm
parting to animal tissues quality that
permits them to be permanently &C
CCPbCu Wy OlSSuCo III d II dAUAIS
operation. If this principle could be
applied more generally, the time might
come when tranSplanting OF human
tissues would no longer be problem.
At present, tissue and organ CRAFTS
can be made to succeed for few weeks,
but eventually the CRAFTS tend to slough
of, due to the failure of the body to
tolerate tissues from another human
system. The researchers found that this
intolerance is the result of inherently
different patterns" of the tissues-much
as 1ngerprints of different persons vary.
With this knowledge, they tested
theory that the ability of the body to
tolerate only its own tissues was de-
yeloped in its embryonic stages. Expert
11entS with implanted tissues on animal
ernbryos proved this theory correct.
Thus foreign" tissues were imbued with
qualities which made them acceptable
to other tissues in graft.
The researchers have warned, how
ever, that their initial successes with
animals do not justify optimism that
similar successes with human tissues are
just around the corner. Their work is
nonetheleSs significant, since it has
cleared away much of the mystery sur
rounding chronological tolerance" If
the final breakthrough to successful
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

to the impending clash be-
tween abolitionism and dis
unioniSm. Il wish to God"
he said. I'VE had an Old
Hickory now alive in order
that he might hang Northern
and Southern traitors on
the same gallows." Instead.
the Nation had affable old
James Buchanan in the
White House. He hated trou-
BILE in any form and SEEM
ingly turned his back on it.
Others in official Washington
faced up to the matter. Geor-
gia Congressman Alexander
Stephens vigorously opposed
secession, but predicted it
was inevitable. Georgia SEN
ator Robert Toombs wrote he
would go home to raise
troops and would recross the
Potomac with sword in hand.
Historians believe many Re-
publican leaders knew the
secession danger was real,
but preferred to minimize it.
To emphasize it might in
fluence voters to swing to a
candidate more acceptable to
the South than Lincoln.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

Chairman Finley of the Fine Arts
Commission, in opposing the construc-
ton Of a parking garage beneath Far
ragut Square, says the time has come
ito take definite stand against en-
croachments on city parklands."
This, it seems to us, is a perfect
example of the kind of over-generalized
statements which are keeping the Far
ragut Square controversy spinning in
circles. Mr.. Finley is concerned, and
rightly so, with the seemingly endless
conversion of parks and other open
spaces in the District to non-park uses
In the case of Farragut Square, how
ever, this is not entirely the issue, for
the advocates of the garage contend
that the city park can be replaced on
top of the subterranean parking IA
cilities.
The real issue, therefore, is whether
this claim is valid Construction Of the
garage admittedly would demolish the
existing park, including the destruction
Of its old and stately trees. But what
would replace them? Would the re-
created area truly recapture the park
like values Of the present square? Would
it be fully accessible and attractive to
pedestrians?
These are the pertinent questions
which the park critics of the project
should be directing to the Motor Vehi-
Gle Parking Agency, and which the
agency is obligated to answer. This could
be done, without unreasonable effort or
expense, by the preparation of a model,
as a part of the current studies the
agency is conducting, to show whether
the project in fact would retain the
characteristics which exist today, or
whether Farragut Square simply would
become a garage with a grassy roof.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
rs Years Ago

Winston Churchill was
alert to the menace Of a
fast-mobilizing Germany Is
years ago. The Star of Oc-
tober "a, 1885 reported from
London: winston Churchill,
former chancellor of the
exchequer, told the House
of Commons today that the
WHOLE of Germany is an
armed camp He said 81 bill
lion is being spent in the
present year in direct and
indirect military prepare
tions in Germany. The in
dustrieS of Germany are be-
ing modified for war to an
extent that ours were not
modified even a year after
the Great War was begun !.
Germany'S whole population
is being trained from child
hood up for war. A mighty
army is coming into being.
Many submarines already are
exercising in the Baltic. Big
guns, machines, tanks and
poison gas are fast multiply
ing >"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
To Those Who Shoot

Now that the hunting sea-
son Is upon us. hunters of
all ages are out in the woods
banging away at every thing
that moves-some times each
other.
Just last week a l3-year-
old boy. who had been issued
a license, accidentally shot
and killed his l0-year-old
companion.
Moreover, hundreds Of ami
mails are wounded by un-
skilled or inexperienced
hunters and escape to die a
cruel and lingering death.
In the name of good
craftsmanship, the Washing
ton Humane Society urges
all hunters to aim carefully.
pursue and dispatch all
wounded game.
Dorothy E. Watson,
President. Washington
Humane Society.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
FROM THE STAR FILES.

British mail steamer Trent
picked UP Wellman, his crew
and cat from the wreck of
the balloon 375 miles off the
North Carolina coast, =.
This brings to a climax one
of the most remarkable
flights by an airship ever
undertaken :"
The boxing world was
shocked so years ago by the
news that Middleweight
Champion Stanley Ketchell
had been shot on a friends
ranch at Springfield, Mo.
The Star of October is, 1910,
said "Ketchell was shot
through the lung by a o.
caliber rifle while eating
breakfast. The man who did
the shooting was Walter
Hurtz, a farm hand, with
whom Ketchell exchanged
words last night. Blood
hounds have been sent for
to track him - The next
day this paper reported
Ketchell had died during the
night. A $4,000 reward was
offered for the capture of his
slayer. The trouble between
Ketchell and Hurtz is said
to have started when the
pugilist upbraided the ranch
hand for beating a horse.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
100 Years Ago

The South was arming
openly a century ago, but the
North didn't take it seriously.
It was painfully clear to all i'll
Dixie but the most dim-witted
ones that Abraham Lincoln
and BLACK Republicanism"
would prevail at the polls.
Then what? Radicals in the
slave States swore an invad-
ing army of abolitionistS
would come, freeing slaves,
burning homes, spreading
havoc. The Star of October
Is, 1860 quoted the Charles
ton Mercury: Minute Men
are organizing in all the
principal districts of South
Carolina. Their object is to
form an armed body Of men
:. ready for any emergency
that may arise in the present
perilous position of the
Southern States. In KerShaw,
Abbeville and Richland Dis
trictS the organization is al
ready complete and powerful.
embracing the flower of youth
and led by the most influen-
tial citizens -" On october
26. 1860, in The Star: Nor
folk-Gov. Wise addressed a
large crowd at the Breckin-
ridge barbecue in Princess
Anne County yesterday i.
advocating unity of the South
in view of the approaching
crisis. He offered a resolu-
ton advocating formation of
Minute Men in that and adj
joining counties. It was
unanimously adopted amid
great enthusiasm :" Again
from the Mercury on October
90, 1850: IF MIR. Lincoln we're
to come out and declare that
he held sacred every right of
the South. with. respect to
+ slavery, no one should be-
lieve him, The Minute Men
are pledged to form the
nucleus of a resisting army in
the event of Lincoln's election
=. :" Lincoln apparently dis
counted such telegraphed
items, choosing to believe
mild personal reports he re-
ceived on the temper of the
South. He wrote a friend
that he had been assured
'in no probable event will
there be any very formidable
effort to break up the Union
Widely travelled Stephen
Douglas seemed more alert
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

AS long time residents Of
the District of Columbia, we
wish to express our apprecia-
ton to the Metropolitan Police
for their splendid cooperation
with our church community.
We are especially grateful for
the mounted police escort
which accompanied His EN-.
inence, Archbishop Iakovos Of
the Eastern Orthodox Church,
our spiritual leader. '7 3.
Frances NickOlou, .a
Larry Semakis,
Margaret Kilmer,
Mr.. and Mrs. Peter Nickles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
Doc Mann

I would like to express my
appreciation to The Star for
a most wonderful story and
editorial concerning our
former director Of the Ma
tional Geological Park, DIR.
william M. Mann. DOC
Mann" was without peer in
the science Of zoology. espe-
cially in the realm of ento-
mology. He discovered and
named at least 1874 species
Of ants as a result Of his
trips to the Solomon and
Fiji Islands. One can hardly
imagine the total number Of
scientific observations he
made in his lifetime, as he
Travelled most of the globe.
He was without a doubt the
the worlds leading zoo di-
rector. He knew how to pre-
sent any given animal to its
best advantage to the public.
Greater yet. he had an i'm
mense capacity for meeting
the needs of his charges, not
only as a species. but as in
dividuals. I have only
touched lightly upon his pro-
fessional talents.
DR.. Mann's ability to 'un-
derStand" was not limited to
his animal friends alone as
anyone who ever met him will
tell you. I was fortunate to
have been a member of his
group Of many close friends
and, therefore, know well
what his special brand of
kinship meant to us.
A letter by Claire and
Tony Conway made special
reference to q memorials
new administrative building
for the Zoo to replace the
present one. which is now to
say the least, inadequate. 1t
is my hope that this worthy
project will be met with
unanimous public support, re-
sulting in the erection of a
lasting memorial to the ever
lasting memory we have for
our beloved, DOC Mann"
Neal w. Welsh.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
Lotvio's Background

I read In The Star of Oct
ober 7, under the heading,
United Nations" that be-
fore the Second World War,
there was a parliament in
Latvia and everybody could
freely express his thoughts.
This is not true and is not
according to historical fact,
because in Latvia in May,
1894. Ulmanis Estate Presi-
dent) with the help Of the
home guard, q fascist organi-
cation, overthrow the just
elected peoples government.
arrested ministers and liqui-
dated the parliament.
From 1884 to 1910, Latvia
had q fascist dictatorship, and
its motto was ITO Be Silent
is Golden" Why do you mis-
lead with incorrect informa-
ton? Please be interested
first in the history Of the
people and the country about
which you want to write and
then only give information
in your newspaper.
Mrs. w. Bayley
editors Note: The Library
Of Congress kindly translated
this letter from Latvian to
EngliSh.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
so Years Ago

The Lindbergh of 50 years
ago was Walter Wellman,
aeronaut and explorer, who
captured the public's fancy
with plans to cross the At
lantic in a huge balloon
called the "Airship America. "
The Star Of October IS, 1910,
reported that after weeks of
delay Wellman had taken of
from Atlantic City on his
3.000-mile flight and was
breeding along at 26 miles
an hour. On October 10,
1910. The Star said: THE
attempt Of the Wellman air
ship to cross the Atlantic
came to q thrilling and dis
astrous close today when the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

lowing are Senator Kennedy's
words as uttered during the
debate much before Meet
the Press"C and published In
your own newspaper:
II suggest that if Formosa
Is attacked, or the PeSca-
dores, or If there is any mil
itary action in any area
which indicates an attack on
FormoSa and the Pescadores,
then, of course. the United
States is at war to defend its
treaty"
Now, II this statement Is
not a defense of the Eisen-
hover position, then ! don't
know what Is. Wouldn't it be
more correct and to the
country's and also the public
interest to chide Mr.. Nixon
for first making irresponsible
statements for political gains,
then retreating teven your
paper admits that and then
accusing Senator Kennedy Of
surrender, rashness. imma-
turity, inability to think,
etc.?
Jack Blake
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

verdicts of the centuries,
that the gossip wrapped up in
the they say" of today is
like the grass that withereth.
They say-let them say" is
a phrase freighted with Scorn
for malicious whiSperings
over the back fences Of ir-
responsible gossip. They
say" is the most vicious,
anonymous slanderer which
preys upon the sons and
daughters of men. FIRE.
quently these two words hide
fangs as deadly as those of
the viper, as life-deStroying
as poisoned African arrows.
Once uttered, it is given
credence and passed on its
blighting way by other lips
not too reluctant to ascribe
as the source Of their infor-
nation none other than they
say"
There is another and a very
vital thing to remember
about these two destructive
monoSyllableS-they form a
Mammoth Cave of echoes,
which often have had sin
lister consequences. The
they" and the "Say" at first
may be the murmur of but
one pair of lips. But what
is said is amplifled and null
tiplied until, sweeping on in
momentum, it is shouted
everywhere.
They say" is the symbol of
a mock trial where the &C
cused has no recourse to rep
resentative or jury. Thus
these words may prove the
epitaph of another's fair
name. The deadly formula
is quite simple: Have you
heard about So and So-they
say"
The ecclesiastical rack
eteers saw to it that the air
was filed with the damning
they say" about Jesus.
They say he has a devil
they say he blasphemes
against our church and our
religion-they say he stirs up
the people-they say he con-
sorts with the riff-raff, pub
licans and sinners.
A famous student of the
life of Jesus comments that
what they say about the Mas
ter contains the most pre-
cious bits of SANDER that ever
slipped from Shiny lips.
Why? Because the very &C.
cusationS show the kind of a
person that the Master really
was. He refused to allow any
fences Of false pride to sep
arate' him from those to
whom His great heart went
out in brotherly understand
ing. Those two beams of
crossed wood at the place of
Calvary tell the story Of what
poisoned arrows did to Jesus.
All the nails that spite ham
mered into his quivering flesh
as hate hung Mans Best Man
to that shameful cross were
stored in the false witness
Of they say" When out of
the woods my Master went to
be slain, the arrows of out
rageous fortune which pierced
Him were poisoned with the
false charges of "they say"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
Matter of PoIemics
Jack Blake

In the Books" section Of
The Sunday Star. Mary Nc
Grory shows concern for a
world "Swamped in po-
lemics." She opines that Mr..
Nixon has committed a
couple of grammatical errors,
but later nobly credits him
with having dispensed with
these dubious grammatical
practices" However. the ex-
amples she gives are not err
roneous dramatically, her
criticism rather being di-
rected toward their rhetor-
ical qualities, perhaps, on the
surface, seeming a bit redun-
dant or not exactly apt.
Miss McGrory should be
discriminating enough to
know that Mr.. Nixon was not
taking the curious position
that love of country is an
unpopular sentiment" If he
said something Of the kind.
he was doing SO ironically;
was not expressing that sem.
timent as his own idea: and
was not even admitting that
such unpopular sentiment"
was held by any very large
segment Of the public. al
though, perhaps, by some Of
the affected. ultra-modern
contingent. But, to get along
with her grammatical" crit
icism, she indicates that Mr..
Nixon referred to love Of
country" and then said:
They call it patriotism" She
would dub this ungrammat-
ical, because they can
hardly call it anything else,
since that is what it is" If
Mr.. Nixon said: They call
love of country patriotism, "
there is nothing wrong with
the grammar of such sem
tence. In some connections,
you might say it was labor
ing the obvious; and could
have been spoken in more
distinguished platform Ian
guage." But, in general. for
a plain-speaking man to
make that statement should
not invoke criticism. 1t may
have been quite fitting to the
context in which it was used.
It just could be that such
strained knocking of Mr..
Nixon might have its origin
partly in a bobby-sox hang
over from that romantic pc
Rod when full allegiance is
given only to a possessor Of
the matinee-idol type of mas
culine charm and ,pulchri-
tude.
Errett Smith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
Poisoned Arrows
By DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United states senate

In contemporary scenes
from darkest Africa in these
days Of wild commotion
there are gliTnpsed in the
public press naked natives
armed with poisoned arrows.
Often. in the same paper, in
enlightened America, are
printed words which are ar
rows Just as poisonous. This
is especially true during an
American presidential cleo
ton year. These arrows are
often tipped with the poison
Of falsehood or half truth.
Just as OPEN confession is
good for the soul Of democ-
racy. the Republic would
lapse into dictatorship with
out untrammeled debate. But
it is poisoned arrows shot
from the bow Of they say"
which often fell the inno-
cent.
What careers have been
ruined, what cherished plans
S hattered d. what crosses
reared. what graves dug by
cruel and lacerating words!
1t is a desperately urgent
admonition of the Book of
the Ages. so often a light
to our path, Keep your
tongue from evil and your
lips from speaking guile"
What a SOLDERING. assertion
that Is Of the great Teacher
OF Galilee, whose words are
spirit and life: Il say unto
you that for every idle
word men speak they shall
give an account in the day
OF Judgment. for by thy
words shalt thou be justified
and by thy words shalt thou
be condemned"
A full-Scale picture of a
certain character in a mod
ern story is drawn with this
deft touch, She nihhled at
ner salmon and at other
peoples regulations" In a
modern novel this is the best
that could be said about a
goSsiper whose portrait is
there drawn: HE could
Whisper away a character by
innocent Interrogation. He
could destroy a high reputa-
ton by a shrug of the Shout.
oers. He could assassinate a
soul by silence when silence
became the strongest instru-
ment."
Well has it been said tho
biggest liar in the world is
tney say" How often that
lie comes knocking at orr
door as a faceleSs, hooded
form. How many thousands
nave been slain by that
poisoned arrow they say"I
Wnen one. perhaps Innocent
~ assumes the role of a
bearer to others of what
they say no credentials
need be presented, no identi-
ncation of the they" needs
70 be attempted. The un-
named they" whose asser-
lions may have packed in
them powder to devastate the
reputation of the one in
volved, remain safely anonv-
NOUS. They say" and 10.
the guided missile is on it's
way to the unsuspecting
target. The arrogant tyrants.
masters Of false witness who
hide behind the facade of
they say" have residences
other than the turreted
towers Of the Kremlin. They
have secret headquarters on
the Madison avenues and the
Main streets of our own fair
land.
Over the gateway of the
university college in Aber-
deem are these words: "They
say. What do they say? Let
them say" These are ada
mant sentiments to be gazed
at day by day by college
students. That inscription
carved over an academic
archway constantly suggests
to youth, facing the verified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
Quemoy and Motsu

OF all the commentary I
have read on the compli-
Gated issue Of the islands Of
Quemoy and Matsu, / doubt
If any has touched upon the
heart of the issue with the
succinct precision Of The
Stars editorial Of October
IA. It is unfortunate that
debate within a democracy
is so often as dangerous as it
is necessary, that the weak
ness Of a democracy some
times is exploited by those
who believe in democracy the
most but to the advantage of
those who do not believe in it.
On the other hand, the
fears and tension engendered
in the debates going on
within and between nations
the world over may be the
harbinger of better things to
come. Unilateralism in the
form of dictatorial power ex-
pressed both by individuals
and totalitarian nations may
very well have reached a peak
of efficiency without our real
ly realizing it. Editorial
commentary the world over
on Mr.. Khrushchev's recent
performance at the U. N. is
most heartening in revealing
that the spirit of democratic
ideals is very much alive in
the world. Obviously team
work and spirit is the best
answer to Mr.. Khrushchev.
Perhaps the best demonstra-
ton Of teamwork and spirit
we in this country could give
to Mr.. Khrushchev would be
the decision we make in No
vember, that is. by keeping
Mr., Nixon and Mr.. Lodge at
one end of Pennsylvania ave-
nue., Mr.. Kennedy and Mr..
johnson at the other end, in
order that both may watch
one another and all continue
to watch Mr.. Khrushchev.
Walter B. Smalley. :
It is not befitting a publi-
cation Of The Stars stature
and circulation to publish
an editorial such as the one
titled New Look at Quemoy."
To state that Senator Ken
nedy' has retreated from his
original position and to label
his statement as fuzzy is
entirely too biased and to-
tally unfair to the Senator
from Massachusetts,. The fol-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

Pen names may be used If
letters carry iUriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tOtH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23

r. .uillall organs should
come, much of the credit viii be shared
by these Nobel Prise-winning pioneers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-23
Grateful to Police

Errett Smith.