davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
CoNyICTs HIMSELF

SPARTANBURG. sc. (APl-A
speedy conviction was returned in
Criminal Court here recently in a
drunken driven case.
The jury gave its guilty verdict
after witnesses testified that the
driver staggered from his car and
up to a dead COW, killed when
struck by his vehicle. and remark
ed in slurred tones:
This man seems to be hurt
pretty bad. We better get him to
hospital"
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to thank our friends,
neighbors, and relatives. Also the
doctors and nurses at the Milford
Memorial Hospital for their many
acts of kindness during the illness
and death of Rufus E. Wright.
Belle Wright and family. 12-9-1t
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
KEY MAN

GAFFNEY, S. c. (AP)-Cher-
okee county officials had some bad
moments when Roy Spencer, a
prison trusty assigned to the
courthouse. decided to walk away
to freedom.
Spencer had the courthouse
keys with him.
But someone found a spare set
of keys-and officers also found
Spencer.
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09

A camera called an eyaporo-
graph can photograph a black cat
sitting on a coal pile in a moonless
night. The evaporograph gathers
heat radiation which objects send
out in varying degrees and wave
lengths and focuses these ra-
diations on a thin oil film.
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
IN MEMORIA

In loving memory of my dear hus-
band, Fred Hayes, who passed away
December 6, 1855.
Five years have passed since that
sad night
When the one we loved was called
away
God took him home, 1t was his will
Within our hearts he liveth still.
Gone but not forgotten.
Dearly loved and sadly missed by
wife and children. 12-9-1t
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
-OUO--
n o II | C f /!

NOTICE-Due to Fox Hounds
killing "a valuable little pet dog of
ours November 10. 1859, we forbid
all fox hunters from trespassing
on our property or allowing their
fox hounds on our farm day or
night. Charles F. Witt and Alma R.
Witt. 11-23-3t
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
WE WELD AND MEND
IN MEMoRIAM

In loving memory of Joseph Scott,
who passed away December 6, 1919.
and Gilbert Scott, December 6, 1913.
The tide of life rolls on and on, but
these will last forever, the memories
of those happy days when we were all
together. The Family 12-9-1t
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
N o Il / C e !!

/ will be responsible for no bills
unless contracted by myself. Eu-
gene ID. Smith, Lincoln. 12-2-3tp
Milford chronicle., 1960-12-09
n o II / G. T. |!

] will not be responsible for any
bills unless contracted by myself
Ralph WilkersOn. Greenwood.
12-2-3tp
Evening star., 1960-11-06
In Moscow:
Red Summit

Communist leaders from all
over the world are gathering In
Moscow today for the celebra-
tiOn OF the anniversary Of the
B0lshevik revolution and 10
resume policy talks begun last
spring In Bucharest.
The long and intense discus
sions on Communist policy, begun
at the Romanian Party's Con-
gress. will be resumed this week
In Moscow. And the biggest issue
Will continue to be the doctrinal
split between the Russian and the
Chinese theoreticians over the
mechanics OF peaceful" coexist-
ence."
Despite frequent denials, the
existence Of the split is taken for
granted by Western diplomats al
most without exception. But hcE
deep and how wide a gulf divided
the two camps has been a matter
Of conjecture.
Liu Shao-chi, China's foremost
Communist theoretician after
Mao Tse-tung and nominal head
of-state, arrived in Moscow Sat-
urday for the festivities and the
debates. He was accompanied by
a large staff OF Politburo experts,
Evening star., 1960-11-06

Dental campaign of 1910 struck
sparks to the effort and in 184l
Dorr convened a peoples con-
vention" in Providence. It deter
mined that every male white citi-
zen should have the vote after a
residence of one year in the State.
A more legal convention meeting
at the order Of the State Assembly
that fall proposed a compromise
with a $134 property clause.
DORIS group stirred enough votes
to defeat it and on the heels Of
this victory. he declared his con-
situation in force and himself the
Governor.
The Suffroeette Movement
Attempting to oust the legal
Government, he staged a march
on the arsenal but his men de-
serted and his cannon didn't fire.
He was first allowed to escape
the State. later captured and SEN
fenced to life Imprisonment, and
finally pardoned by State Legis-
lature which had been obliged to
accept his principles.
The first suffragette in America
was Margaret Brent of Maryland,
who demanded a vote in her
States upper house in 164S. AS
soon as the Declaration of Inde-
pendence was adopted, Abigail
Adams. wife Of John Adams, wrote
to her husband that women should
be given equality with men in
the new republic. New Jersey and
New York took early steps to
allow women of property to vote.
The long national battle, spear
headed by militant champions like
Mrs. Lucy Stone. Belva Lockwood
(the Terrible Siren). Susan B.
Anthony and Gen. Roselie Jones,
eliminated in the 1920 adoption
Of the Nineteenth Amendment to
the Constitution.
In 1880 John Pierpont described
the ballot as:
"A weapon that comes down as
still
As snownakes fall upon the
sod,
But executes a freeman's will
AS lightning does the will of
God"
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Older Candidate Wins
More Than Half of Races

when Franklin Pierce, youthful
At, outlasted Winfield Scott who
was Sc, an age difference of 10
years.
OF the 86 major candidates who
have run for the presidency slight
ly over half were in their SOS and
a quarter in their COS.
The average age of the winners
is 56.3 years, the losers, 53.4.
Both Vice President Richard
Nixon and Senator Kennedy are
we'll under those figures. Kennedy,
at 43, would be the youngest man
ever to win a presidential election
if he triumphs.
All other candidates Kennedy's
age or younger have been defeated
including Fremont, Dewitt Clin-
ton, also 43; Thomas e. Dewey,
AZ when he lost to Franklin Roose-
welt in 1914; William Jennings
Bryan. 36 when defeated by Nc
Kinley in 1896, and George Nc
Clellan. 38 when Lincoln beat him
in 1864.
Nixon's age bracket has a little
more luck. Of the II presidential
candidates between 46 and 40 six
won and five lost.
This is the first election in his
tory in which both presidential
candidates were in their 40s.
A-AN~
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Continued From Page C-I

hoWled their displeaSure at the
Presidents apparent acceptance
of separation from France. The
left-wing political leaders pro-
tested his continued insistence on
a ccase-fire as a precedent to ne
gotiationS and warned dolffi'rv
that a de Gaulle dictatorship was
in the making.
But all the protests from Right,
Left and Center failed to make any
impression on the man who has
been called "the Constable of
France" In his address to the
nation, Gen. de Gaulle laid it
on the line" with fiat statements
such as these:
. French policy toward Algeria
mo longer leads to an Algeria
governed from France but to an
Algerian Algeria;
. France will not oppose the
solution, whatever it may be" that
an Algerian referendum chooses;
Q Continued French resistance to
nationalism in Algeria would
bring intervention by "the most
terribly imperialist powers known"
Soviet Russia and Communist
China;
0 Eztrem!sm on the right means
digaster-"if France loses her head
she would siiGe into chaos
Evening star., 1960-11-06
THE FOREIGN SCENE

leaders outside Parliament have
voted decisively for unilateral nu-
clear disarmament and demanded
that the United States bases be
abandoned.
Last week the opposition had a
new base to battle, and the best
efforts of Prime Minister Mac
milan to reassure his people have
failed to quell the outcry. At Holy
Loch, an inlet on the Firth of
Clyde on Scotland's west coast, an
American base for Polaris-armed
nuclear submarines is to be es-
tablished. The first submarine is
due to begin operations from the
base next March.
When the Prime Minister an
nounced the agreement on the
sub bases to restive House of
Commons. he told the members
that Britain would have the right
Of consultation before the nuclear
missiles could be used. Promptly,
the. State Department and the
Pentagon denied any such ar
rangement. Britain would, of
course. retain sovereignty over the
base itself, American officials said,
but the submarines and their
deadly cargoes would be controlled
exclusively by the United States.
Evening star., 1960-11-06

Labor's spokesman on foreign af-
fairs. demanded a British veto
right over the sailing plans and
operations of the Polaris subs.
The British, said Labor, had been
treated "as a sort Of lap-dog" by
Washington. with the Prime Min
lister himself being corrected by
a kind Of junior public relations
officer or Office boy from the
American State Department"
Along the industrial Clydeside,
long a Labor stronghold, opposi-
tion to the sub base was called
massive" yesterday. And Lord
Beaverbrook's Evening Stand
ard" normally pro-government,
demanded that "the PolariS
agreement be utterly rejected by
the House of Commons and the
British people,"
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Lumumbo S Return
Foreseen at u. N.

supporters who are clamoring for
Parliament's recall.
The other American ace In the
hole would be refusal to finance
the Congo's recovery if Lumumba
is restored. Without American
money, the Congo would face
disaster; it would either explode
in total chaos or fall into utter
dependence on Moscow.
But the tactic Of the ultimatum,
and especially the financial ulti-
matum, would be a two-edged
weapon. 1t would antagonize the
very people whose friendship the
United States wants to win.
Moreover. it is quite possible
that such an ultimatum would
fail-that the Africans would 60
ahead, set up Lumumba, and dare
the United States to follow
through with its threat, driving
them into Moscow's arms.
This belief-that last-ditch op-
position to Lumumba will ulti-
mately prove self-defeating and
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Afro
Asians here to hope the United
States will stop trying to dam up
the river and start trying to chan
mel it. that is, try to set up safe
guards against the worst potential
effects Of Lumumba return.
Revising Constitution
One such safeguard would be
revision of the Congo's constitu-
tion to give the president more
power. That Office is now largely
ornamental. Given sufficient au-
thority, President Kasavubu could
be an important check on Lu-
mumba.
Another safeguard would be an
advance agreement ruling out the
return of Lumumba's more ex-
treme advisers, notably Deputy
Premier Antoine Gizenga. To
prevent a double cross, the presi-
dent might have to be given
power to approve the cabinet.
Still another safeguard would
be a negotiated agreement, in ad-
vance, with secessionists such as
Tshombe and Kalongi. Other
wise there would be a return to
civil war.
There is no assurance that Lu-
mumba would agree to such terms
as a condition for his restoration.
But if he resisted. the United
States would be on much stronger
ground in bringing financial and
other presSures.
This. it is felt here. is the kind
of fight the United States could
safely go all out to win.
Evening star., 1960-11-06

Right in recent weeks. In Algeria,
the bloodshed has increased as
rebel forces grow more bold and
obtain more arms. In Moscow,
open threats Of direct aid to the
Algerian rebels have been made.
In Peking. the same offers of sup
port. In the entire Arab world,
threats of direct action against
France, such as a diplomatic and
economic boycott or even stronger
measures. grow more frequent as
the rebellion drags on.
French intellectual leaders, edu-
Gators, writer's and artists recently
have been publicly protesting the
stalemate in Algeria and demand
ing negotiations without the pre-
condition set forth by Gen. de
Gaulle. On the right. there is in
creasing insistence on stepping up
the military operations deemed
necessary to subdue the rebels.
Evening star., 1960-11-06

as 1929 but a secret ballot law
ultimately enacted by a liberal
legislature was repealed by the
Wings in 1883 on grounds that it
"insulted the manliness and in
dependence Of the laboring men,"
1t was not until 1888 that the
city of Louisville instituted :he
Australian ballot, a system Of
voting which had originated in
South Australia. Kangaroo voting.
as it was called. insured the pri-
vacy of the voter. protected him
from outside influence at the
polling place, facilitated the
counting Of the ballots, and re-
duced the possibility of dishonesty
in their count. All the States
ultimately adopted the Australian
ballot (South Carolina was tho
last in 1950) and the development
Of the voting machine, which came
into use in New York in 1892, was
simply an extension of its
principles.
Voting was a minority function
in early America. Until just be-
fore the Revolution, seven of the
Is Colonies required voters to be
property owners. Many New Eng
land States specified church men,
bership and good morals as re-
oirements. In some places the
nature Of employment was q cri-
terion and improper conduct could
cost the vote in others. Tax
paying was seldom the only quail
fication.
Property Requirement
The most dramatic assault on
the property requirement for vot-
ing occurred in Rhode Island in
1841 in an episode known as the
Dorr Rebellion. Against a back
ground of industrial discomfort in
the little State. Thomas Dorr, a
man of substance, organized a
party to campaign for a consti-
tuition that would extend the vote
to taxpayers and eliminate the
property requirement. His follow
ers, mostly mechanics and work.
ingmen. dressed in rough clothes
and held rowdy meetings to un-
derline the plebian character of
their movement.
The hard cider. log cabin presi-
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Fierce Protest

The misunderstanding, or mis-
Interpretation. triggcred the OPP
position. Not only Her Majcstys
opposition IN the House but most
of the British press Joined in a
flercs protest nj this new provo
cation" that would certainly bring
Soviet wrath now and Soviet nu-
clear missiles later In case Of
hostilities.
On Friday. in another attempt
to reassure the country. Defense
Minister Harold Watkinson de-
clared that Britain would have
absolute" control of the Polaris
subs while they were in British
territorial waters. He said the
United States had given firm as
suranccs" that under no condi-
tions would a missile be fired from
British waters.
The Labor Party, however, in
sisted that the Macmillan cabinet
had treated the whole matter with
arrogant levity." Denis Healey,
Evening star., 1960-11-06
BY JOHN VAN BUREN
and CONRAD CHRISTIANO
OF the Rochester, N. Y.
namnrrat and Thr0nirla

ROCHESTER, N. Y. - Youth
must be served. But not always
elected President.
A look at the record shows there
have been 43 Presidential elec-
tions in the United States. Well
over half, 26. have been won by
the older candidate.
When young, the Nation seemed
to favor the wisdom Of age. The
fist five Presidents were older than
their opponents. Since then 81
older Presidents have won while
the younger man has won is
times.
In 1924 and 1928 the candidates
were the same age. That's not so
coincidental since the opponents
both times were Andrew jackson
and John Quincy Adams who
split in their two encounters. Both
were 81 in their first campaign.
The greatest spread in age was
in the campaign of 1856 when
James Buchanan, a ripe IS, de-
feated John C. Fremont, a whip
persnapper of 43.
Only four years earlier however,
youth had its greatest victory
Evening star., 1960-11-06
History Of Voting...

The American voter will ex-
ercise on Tuesday a privilege to
which the attributes of democracy,
dignity, and privacy came very
slowly.
Primitive warriors banged
spears on their shields to express
their opinions in tribal councils.
Later monarchies in places like
Sparta gauged public sentiment by
summoning crowds to yell their
approval or disapproval. The
Athenians used a show of hands
to poll law courts and general
assemblies voted in selecting Of
flcials by tossing pieces of shell
or pebbles into an urn.
The word ballot" comes from
the Italian word "ballota" for the
little balls used there in secret
voting but the first real ballots
were probably slips of wood coated
with wax adopted for voting in
Greece between 1879 and lot BIC.
Every American colony had a
limited form of popular suffrage
from the start but the prevailing
procedure required the voter to
stand in gathering of his towns
men when his name was called
and declare his vote. Sometimes
Indian beans or corn were COL
lected in a hat as had been the
custom in Athens.
The Secret Bollot
The Massachusetts, colony ac-
cepted the English tradition of
the written ballot in 1884 and the
practice had spread to Connecticut
and Pennsylvania before ITO. But
in these early days there was 10
secrecy in the voting and the
ballots were provided by the
candidates CASUALLY in f1amboyant
colors to make their identity un-
miStakable) or in some cases by
the voters themselves. The
colonists had also imported from
England a custom of providing
liquor at the polling places anG
in 1777 James Madison was de-
feated for reelection to the Vir-
ginia legislature because he re-
fused to pay the voters with free
whisky.
The battle for a secret ballot
began in Massachusetts, as early
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Sticks to Guns

But Gen. dc GaJ!,s stack ~ his
guns on one important aspect ~
the Algerian policy ne has pursued
thus far. He once again stressed
that a cease-flre would have 70
precede any further negotiations
with the rebels. and he reiterated
his position that the provisional
government cannot claim to rep
resent all Algeria.
The external organization" as
Gen. de Gaulle called the Tunis
regime, has been and will be in
vited to participate without re-
striction" in negotiations and "the
future consultation of the elector-
ate" But he rejected summarily
the provisional governments de-
mand that political conditions be
worked out prior to a ceasc-fire.
President dc Gaullc's govern
mnnt has been under Increasing
pressure and attack from LIFT and
Evening star., 1960-11-06
Challenge

Under the provisions of the de
Gaulle-drafted constitution of the
Fifth Republic, a successful chal-
enge to the Premier, and in effect
the President, in the National AS
sembly would bring dissolution OF
the Parliament and call for
new elections.
This, Gen. dc Gaulle warned
Friday. IL exactly what will hap
pch II "obstructionists" battle his
self~det6tninsd policy for Algeria.
He viii send the lawmakers home
and govern The nation from The
ElyShs Palace, once again the tail,
aht'f. and alone Spirit Of
France"
Evening star., 1960-11-06

some of whom have held pre-
paratory talks with Soviet party
officials in recent weeks.
The Bucharest sessions disclosed
that Communist China was sup
ported by Albania. North Wet
Nam and the West German Com
munist Party contingent in op-
posing the Khrushchev insistence
that war with the capitalist world
was not to be considered inevi-
table. Peking's representatives re-
portedly insisted that Communist
policy throughout the world must
be based on the likelihood. if not
the inevitability, of war.
The Chinese are anxious to gain
more control over efforts to build
communism in Asia, Latin Amer
Evening star., 1960-11-06
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
contributIns writer


UNITED NATIONS, N. Y. =
Barring a diplomatic miracle.
Patrice Lumumba is headed for a
successful comeback in the Congo.
This is dismaying news in
Western capitals. 1t could easily
mean comeback for Communist
influence in Central Africa.
But some responsible Asian and
African diplomats here say it need
not mean Communist come
back. They claim that If the
West would stop trying to block
Lumumba's inevitable" return,
and concentrate instead on pro-
tecting the Congo from its worst
effects, the Communists could be
barred. IF you can't dam a
river. channel it." they say.
Whether this is in fact good
logic or whether on the contrary
the West should go on fighting
an all-out battle to. bar Lumum-
ba is the critical question. To
fight to the last drop of diplo-
matte blood. and lose, might be
Ito lose all of Africa; but to come
to terms with Lumumba, think
ing he could be separated from
Communist influence and con-
tanned, might be ridiculous self
deception.
There is, according to best es-
Inmates, only a bare outside
chance of blocking Lumumba.
even if the West fights right down
to the wire.
This is not primarily because
of Soviet pressures in the U. NJ,
though it now seems that Mos
cows diplomacy has done much
to neutralize Secretary General
Hammarskjold and to intimidate
the more impressionable Africans.
Hos Strong Support
Lumumba is on the way back
primarily because virtually all of
Africa-leftwing, rightwing and
centrist - regards the goateed
young demagogue as the legal
Prime Minister, and SHES away
from a power play which would
permanently deprive him Of the
post.
Moreover, Africans say, Lumum-
ba has the support of such a
significant faction in the Congo
that without him, there can never
be stability. Also many Africans
fear. in their own countries, the
kind Of European-backed sepa-
ratism which they see in Noise
Tshombe and Albert Kalongi.
Acting on these premises, a Is
nation Afro-Asian good offices
team is about to set out for Leo
poldville with the principal objec-
tive Of restoring Lumumba as
Prime Minister.
The United States has fought
behind the scenes to persuade the
Africans they would be knitting the
Congo in the back if they put the
unstable, easily swayed Lumumba
back in the saddle. Hammar-
skiold. Mongi Slim of Tunisia and
delegates of Cameroun, Nigeria
and the former French Congo
have largely agreed, casting about
for some alternative course that
would appeal to the African
majority.
To no avail. The Africans would
not even wait with the initial steps
until after the American election,
though they knew a major foreign
policy setback for the United
States might affect its outcome.
Washington has two aces in the
hole. One of them is an attempt
to persuade the Leopoldville Par
lament. Some reports say this
has been tried, that some legisla-
tors previously intimidated by
Lumumba have been released
from that form of pressure.
But If this has been tried, it
has not succeeded in winning over
a safe majority. 1t if had, Col.
Joseph Mobutu would have called
Parliament back to confirm Justin
Bomboko as Premier. On the
contrary, it is Lumumba and his
Evening star., 1960-11-06

ica and Africa. Many observers
point to the recent step-up in
Peking's pronouncements on world
affairs, such as the Algerian rebel
lion, as strong evidence that Mao
Tse-tung and Chou En-lai are de-
termined to play a major. not a
junior partner, role in world COM
munism.
A furry Of rumors in Vienna
Friday that "Kremlin coup" had
ousted Mr.. Khrushchev was set at
rest yesterday when the Premier
personally met Mr.. Liu at the air.
port in Moscow. Diplomats had
placed no credence in the rumors,
and there was no evidence of un-
usual activity in Moscow, cor
respondents reported.