davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-01-03
Second Battle of Atlanta

On September /, 1854, General Sher-
man telegraphed President Lincoln:
Atlanta Is ours and fairly won." Look
ing back as his march to the sea" was
getting under way, the victorious Union
commander noted in his diary: Behind
us lay Atlanta smouldering and in ruins,
the black smoke rising high In air and
hanging like a pail over the ruined
city"
Atlanta was indeed in ruins, perhaps
the most devastated city of the Civil
War. A new Atlanta Sprang from the
ashes, however, and stands today as one
Of the South's most thriving cities But
where will it stand year from now2
Federal Judge Frank A. Hooper has
given approval, subject to certain
amendments, to a school desegregation
plan brought forward in response to
court order by the city's board Of edu-
cation. In doing so, however, Judge
Hooper noted that certain Georgia
statutes specify that the mixing Of the
races in any Atlanta school would mean
the cutting of of all State financial aid
that the system apparently could not
operate without this aid. He also said
1t was the feeling Of the court that the
people Of Georgia, through their chosen
representatives in the Legislature, should
be allowed to decide whether they want
to close their schools or accept gradual
deSegregation. In other words, Judge
HnnnAF toH
position that he would not strike down
the plan because 1t was conditioned on
repeal Of the fund-cutoff laws by the
Legislature, but, instead, would give the
legislators chance to act on this before
the new school term begins.
This is the point at which the second
battle Of Atlanta can be expected to
start. We doubt very much that senti-
ment in Atlanta itself would favor
abandonment of public schools. But
sentiment in rural Georgia may be an
other matter, and rural Georgia controls
the Legislature. Furthermore, some, Of
ficials are urging that public schools be
abandoned rather than desegregated.
Georgia, they say, should tell the Federal
Government that there will be no holds
barred, that she will give up her public
schools"
In any realistic appraisal, 1t must
be recognized that this is quite likely
to happen If desegregation is pressed
In Atlanta, as 1t almost certainly will be.
And closed schools can only mean that
Atlanta for the second time will be
brought down. Smoke may not again
hang like pail over the ruined city,"
but the ultimate damage, If public
schools are abandoned, will be much,
much greater than the contesting
factions seem to realize.
Evening star., 1960-01-03

our freedom and our funda-
mental beliefs. The foreigners
who are taking gold out of
our country are showing US
that "the Jig is up"-we are
losing the game. And we
shall lose unless we awakenI
Let US return to the Amer
lean creed; to the encourage
ment Of creativity and pro-
duction in every sector; to
abandon the coercion and the
dependence on government:
to respect for every individ-
ual and to integrity Of con-
tract. This is the only path
to . restoration Of our free
dom and our solvency.
Geraldine NJ. BeFryhill
Evening star., 1960-01-03
EorLy Maryland

I have been following with
keen interest, the letters Of
Edwin w. Bethel and STAN
ley Lichtenstein, regarding
early Maryland religious toll
Grafton, and ! feel constrained
to join this friendly discus
sion and present q few facts
as found in Raphael Sem
mes book Crime and Pun
ishment in Early Maryland"
d938.
Many Marylanders like to
think Of the colony during
the proprietary period as Q
place where all faiths were
tolerated. While the Toll
Grafton Act Of 1649 was q step
in this direction, complete
liberation under provisions
Of this statute was not q
fact. For instance, Jacob
Lumbrozo, a Jew, was charged
with blasphemy against "Our
Blessed Saviour, Jesus
Christ" at a meeting of the
provincial court held at st.
Marys during the winter Of
1858. The accused was a
native Of Lisbon. Portugal
and became naturaliZed in
1868. Without going into de-
tails Of the trial, suffice 1t
to say that the court ordered
the accused to remain in
prison until the next meeting
Of the court. However, the
case never came up for an
other hearing for the simple
reason that when Richard
Cromwell was proclaimed
Lord Protector of England,
Josias Fendall, then Cover
nor Of Maryland, in honor of
the event. pardoned every
one in the province who
stood indicted, convicted or
condemned to die" for some
criminal offense. This par
don, issued in the name Of
the Lord Proprietor Of Mary
land, saved Lumbrozo from
further trial and possible
conviction for blasphemy.
So Lumbrozo's trial was
not dropped for reasons
which have never been clearly
explained" as Mr.. Lichten-
stein asserts in his letter
Disputed Statement" I must
agree with Mr.. Bethel that
the 325th anniversary cele-
bration Of the founding Of
Maryland, although appar-
entity irksome to Mr.. Lichten-
stein, was not "illfounded."
"tiresome," or "boastful" in
the sense that he seems to
imagine. The purpose Of q
celebration Of this nature is
to instill interest, especially
in the younger generation,
in past events and history Of
the State.
In enacting religious toll
Grafton legislation, although
1t lacked perfection, Mary
land was among the worlds
leaders, and we consider 1t
an honor Of which our State
cannot be deprived.
James w. d. Kibler.
Evening star., 1960-01-03
Is Years AGO

One Of the most dramatic
trials Of the century got
under way IS years ago. In
q story from Remington,
N. J., on January 3. 1885, The
Star reported: "The State Of
New Jersey charged a quick
ly completed Jury today that
Bruno Richard Hauptmann
killed the baby Charles Au-
guStuS Lindbergh simultane-
ouSly with the kidnapping Of
the child two years and 10
months ago. The State fur
ther charged the stolid Bronx
carpenter with ripping the
sleeping suit from the dead
baby in order to perpetrats
a ghastly ransom hoax upon
the parents. The speech Of
, the prosecutor was In the
presence Of Charles A. Lind
bergh and Ann Morrow Lind
bergh. :"
An end to living on relief
was proposed IS years ago.
The Star. on January 1,
1895, reported: President
Roosevelt proposed to Con-
gress today to take the un-
employed of the dole and
put them back to work. The
Federal Government must
end and shall quit this busi-
ness Of relief the President
said in addressing the Senate
and House in Joint session.
I am not willing that the
vitality Of our people be fur
ther sapped by the giving Of
cash, Of market baskets, Of
a few hours Of weekly work
cutting grass, raking leaves
or picking up papers in the
public parks he emphasized.
In place Of the dole, the
President laid down a new
American policy. This policy
has two faces. The first and
permanent face deals en-
tirely with social security.
The second looks immediately
to Q huge public works pro-
gram. -"
Evening star., 1960-01-03
Blue and Gray Lines

I should like to correct an
error that recently has ap-
peared twice In The Star.
Sunday December 2o), the
AP news dispatch on the
death Of Walter Williams, the
last Confederate survivor. re-
ferred to "the four million
men who wore the Blue and
Gray" and on December %
an editorial cited the same
figure. In both cases, enlist
mentS were confused with
men. There were more than
100000 enlistments in the
Union Army, Navy, and
Marine Corps, and Livermore
('Numbers and Losses in the
Civil War'') estimated lex
aggeratedly. I believe) Ia
million to IA million Con-
federate enlistments. These
figures obviously add TO ap-
proximately four million, but
they take no account Of re-
enlistments on both sides.
An apparently forgotten re-
port by the War Department.
made In 1905 for congress
sional hearings on Union pen
sions, put the number Of in
dividual UHion soldiers, sail
ors. and Marines at "a mil
lion. and independent esti-
mates are close to this flgure.
There is. Of course. more dis
agreement on the number Of
Confederate soldiers and sail
ors, but the consensus-inso-
far as Q consensus exiSts-is
that there were not more
than q million, and probably
fewer. Thus. the total number
Of men on both sides was
little. II any, more than three
million, and certainly not as
many as four million.
This is not to detract from
Mr.. Williams achievement in
being the last survivor. The
aforementioned War Depart
ment report, through under
standable failure to foresee
the medical advances Of the
twentieth century. predicted
that the last Union veteran
would be dead before 1945; he
died. I believe, In 1856.
Donald z. v. Henderson.
Evening star., 1960-01-03
Road to Peace?

The surest and quickest
way to bring peace in the
world is to have the United
Nations, after China Is ad-
mitted, pass a resolution,
unanimous II possible, out
lawing war. The admission Of
China, the largest nation of
the world, would give the
resolution the status Of the
"law Of nations" Congress
has been granted powers,
among many, Ito define and
punish piracies and felonies
committed on the high seas,
and offenses against the law
Of nations"
Charles J. Fox.
LaJoila, Calf.
Evening star., 1960-01-03

vain. The pressure Of the
community became 90 relent-
less that her now unhappy
husband became torn be-
tween two loyalties. At length
he showed anguished signs Of
siding with his kin.
AS the hostility became
more and more unbearable
the hour came when Oparre
realized she must 60. She
says wistfully, 81 came only
with o hope" Preparing to
board q waiting ship she re-
jects the Christ and turns
again to her native gods Of
earth and blood. She takes
poison and resolves that her
children shall die with her.
Waiting the end. she kneels
to utter q prayer, her last
a prayer to the gods she had
known in her pagan upbring-
ing: God of the lesser chill
dren Of the earth, you are
mine now as when I was Q
child. He came too soon, this
Christ-men are not ready
yeti"
That Is the end Of the
story. Bitter prejudice had
done its worst. And so, it
Is Oparre, the Malay prin-
cess, who suggests the ques-
ton as the world enters the
l960th year after the won-
drous birth, Did He come
too soon?" We know the
answer. A thousand times,
No! Away from Him, for in
dividuals and nations, is lit
orally stagnation. desolation,
and damnation. That is why
the church has O right to
shout from the housetops
that this tormented world,
poised on the edge Of the
atomic precipice, Is not
through with Jesus Christ,
1t Is through without Him.
The Word Made Flesh Is the
most stupendous news in the
world today. 1t is startingly
dramatic and utterly revolu-
ionary in its consequences.
When the last cruiser Is
scrapped as old iron, the last
nation held together by phys
ical force falls apart like
q pack Of cards, and the last
dictator releases his iron hold
on regimented people, the
words Of Jesus will stand un-
refuted and irrevocable. The
future Is with Him.
The fault is not that He
came too soon, but In those
who give Him but lip service.
His moral precepts remain
unshaken and unshakable,
and they are not revoked by
puny mans denial Of them.
That Christ, who did not
come too soon; strides across
all the man-made barriers
the separating hatreds, the
isolating prejudices of this
planet. as He IL glimpsed
In the lines:
He comes to break the
barriers dotDn,
Raised up BY barren creeds;
Around the globe, from SoTe
to zone,
Like sunlight He proceeds.
He comes to oiDe the iDorld'S
starred heart
The perfect loUe II needs
This Christ who did not
come too soon.
Evening star., 1960-01-03
so Years AGO

Washington was trying Q
fast get-out-from- under af-
ter O snowstorm of so years
ago. On January 8. 1910, The
Star reported: "The white
wings and everyone else con-
nected with the street clean
ing department went to
work ct 4 o'clock this morn
ing with the intention Of
giving the city o thorough
cleaning before night. supt.
Woods ambition Ia to sweep
the entire city clean in q
single day. He says it has
never been accomplished In
that period before. It may
not be accomplished today.
but the various gangs are
working ut 1t tooth and
nail. :"
Two new District Commits
sioners were nominated 80
years ago. The Star on jan
uary 8, 1910, reported: ITO
be Commissioners Of the
District Of Columbia, Presi-
dent Taft today nominated
Cuno H. Rudolph and Gen.
John A. Johnston, both Of
the District Of Columbia. The
opinion prevails that the
nominations will be con-
firmed with reasonable speed.
The new Commissioners will
be able to take the oaths Of
office. 1t is expected, within
10 or IS days, or not later
than February /. The name
Of Cuno H. Rudolph is placed
first In nomination. This will
carry with 1t, 1t is assumed,
the presidency Of the Board
Of Commissioners. Mr.. Ru-
dolph, when told that his
nomination as Commissioner
had been sent to the Senate
said: 7 am greatly
pleased by the confidence the
President has placed In me
In making the appointment.
II the Senate confirms
I shall at all times endeavor
to do the best for the great
est number Of citizens. :"
A new aircraft altitude
record appeared to be set 30
years ago. In Q story from
Mourmelon. France. on jan
Evening star., 1960-01-03
FROM THE STAR FILES.

uary Z, 1910. The Star said:
During q 4S-minute spec
tacular flight here today.
Hubert Latham, the French
aviator, attained an altitude
unoficially estim ated at
1000 meters (about $3.50
Evening star., 1960-01-03
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
Too Soon?
BY DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate

AS OuI CdleQuArb pcsln the
record Of the 1ee0s, Ameri-
cans cannot help but remem-
Der the national catastrophe
Of q century ago. The Re-
public was on the brink Of
the decisive War Between
the States. The furrowed
face Of Abe Lincoln was
turning toward his Gethsem-
ane In the White House. The
Nation chose him as its
leader 1850 years after the
birth Of the Great Galilean
whose coming lifted on high
the watershed Of history.
The great newspaper in
which this is printed ban
nered With the headlines Of
an explosive day, Is dated
from the birth Of that One
Of whom Ralph Waldo Emer-
son declared, "The name Of
Jesus issnot so much written
as plowed into the history Of
the world"
In spite Of the blatant de-
malls Of goddess tyrants in
Moscow and Peiping, who
scorn Christ and aSsail His
ways, as the sands Of an
other year were running out
q mightier host than ever
were chanting the ecstatic
song, Joy to the world. the
Lord Is come, let earth re-
ceive her King" As the
brand-new calendars for 1860
are given places Of conven-
lent visibility they are shout
ing at US wherever they are
placed, He came to this
planet 1860 years ago"
However. that very state
ment raises Q provocative
question, did He come too
soon?"
That question is written
across Maxwell Anderson's
play, "The Wingless Victory"
That IL o story which might
well Join Henry Van Dykes
THE other Wise Man" and
Charles Dickens Christmas
Carol" as Q fitting trio to be
read annually, a. Christmas
tides and New Years come
and 60. The tragedy Of THE
winglesS Victory" revolves
around O Malay princess who,
even In her native land. had
accepted the gentle Christ,
and yet, who found TO her
dismay and undoing that
some who lived in the So
called Christian West, In
their attitudes and actions,
had never caught up with
the Master whose spirit they
professed.
The scene Is laid in Salem,
Mass, not long after our
American independence was
proclaimed. The two central
characters are Nathaniel Nc
Question and his wife Oparre.
He is q sea captain. who had
amassed Q fortune in Eastern
trade. She Il o Malay prin-
cess, who, in an hour Of peril.
had rescued him from death.
Gratitude had led on to love.
In spite Of the difference In
background and race they
were married. After long abb
sence, the captain decides to
return with his wife and two
children to his native New
England.
On their arrival. all the
prejudices Of the old Ameri-
can town famed up. They
would have nothing to do
with the brown Malay woman
who was Nathaniel's wife and
the mother Of his children.
At first, Oparre met the aloof
intolerance Of this strait
laced New England environ
ment with patient dignity.
saying to those who drew up
the hem Of their garments
for fear Of defilement: Still
carrying in my heart the Sc
cret Christ by whom you live,
! answer, I am your friend. !"
But her pleadings were in
Evening star., 1960-01-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may BE- used q
letters carry tOritery correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton.
Evening star., 1960-01-03

crowd was neither 20 great
nor 90 miscellaneous a. here
tofore. :"
Evening star., 1960-01-03
100 Years AGO

Washington began o new
decade in the midst of growth
100 years ago. The Star. on
January 8, 1850, reported:
THE opening Of the year
1860 finds the Federal me-
tropolis steadily progressing
in all the substantial ele-
ments Of true municipal
prosperity. The increase Of
the number Of its permanent
residents in the course Of the
past year has been entirely
satisfactory to those most in
terested In having It fast be-
come a vast city-to the
holders Of unimproved real
estate within its limits
judging from the increase Of
the city circulation and ad-
'vertising Of The Star, at this
moment some sixteen per
centum greater, :"
Evening star., 1960-01-03

A lucky circumstance pre-
vented q theft Of city prop
erty 100 years ago. On jan
uary 4, 1850, The Star re-
ported: "On Friday night
last, some person or persons
entered the office Of the City
Register, and with some kind
Of instrument forced open
the drawers where the key Of
the vault was kept, but for
tunately the Collector had
taken the key with him. :"
Cockfighting was a part Of
the Washington scene q CEN
tury ago. The Star, on jan
uary 5, 1860. reported: Early
this week the annual Christ
mas main was as usual
fought at Esling's well-known
pit, a short distance outside
Of the southern boundary Of
this city. On this occasion
the chief stake or wager was
$300-the parties being Cul-
peper, Va, against Maryland.
Seventeen birds were shown
on a side, and twelve pairs
were matched. Culpeper win
ming seven out Of the twelve
fights, was declared the VIC
tor. The Virginia fowls were
all raised in Culpeper, while
their antagonists were
brought from Baltimore,
Prince Georges. Montgomery
and this city. The weather
being intensely cold. the
Evening star., 1960-01-03

A new aircraft altitude
record appeared to be set 80
years ago. In Q story from
Mourmelon. France. on jan
Evening star., 1960-06-24

that has been used in the past.
Mark A. Cole, Leipsic, Ohio.
Answer-You are to be COM
mended for your cleverness in
putting together these two word
elements to make name for
future space travelers-but I'm
quite sure you were not the first
to do so. Funk 81 Wagnalls
STANDARD DICTIONARY, In
ternational Edition, of which I
am advisory editor, entered "as-
tronautics" ("the science and
art Of space travel") and "as-
tronaut" in their edition pub
lished in 1858. This would indi-.
cate that the staff editors must
have been collecting citations"
examples of the use of this
word in print-at least as early
as 1854.
I believe the word appeared
with some frequency in science
fiction stories and articles dur
ing the 1940's and 1950's-and
1 should not be at all surprised
if that pioneer master of the
science fiction form, Jules
Verne, didn't use the French
equivalent of "astronaut" back
in the 10Th century. You'll re-
call that in his A TRIP TO
THE MOON Q865) he told a
story that had several remark
able parallels to the story Of
Russia's first Sputnik, even to
the inclusion of a small dog
in the first space ship. Also,
of course, the ship carried
humans-the first "astronauts.
Question-I'm puzzled by the
phrase warming the cookies of
your heart" Are these the same
cookies" you hear Molly Ma
Evening star., 1960-06-24

until I created the word for the
title by putting together
"astro-" and maui" to spell
out space sailors" I circulated
the book to 10 or more publish
ers within a year. Shortly after
this period I began to see the
word "astronauts" used by a
great many writer's, and now
have been wondering if I might
have originated this word or If
it was just a revival of a word
Evening star., 1960-06-24
WORDS, WIT
AND WISDOM
BEETLE BAILEY
GIL THORP
BY WILLIAM MORRIS

Question: wrote a juvenile
book about three years ago and
titled it KIDNAPPED BY THE
ASTRONAUTS. I had never
heard of the word "astronaut"
Evening star., 1960-06-24
I Ways to Cut Your
Medical Costs

The price of medical care is at
an all-time high, and rising.
For timely tips on how to han
die doctors fees what an
annual check-up should cost
-. what income tax deduc-
tiohs should be taken and
four other ways to make i'm
portant savings. July Readers
Digest just zoe this month
only Irregular price 35s).
Evening star., 1960-06-24
BY George Tusko

lone selling in the old ballad?-
L. B., Waterbury, Conn.
Answer - Sorry, no. The
Cookies" Of the heart are its
ventricles-"cochleae cords" in
Evening star., 1960-06-24
BY Jack BerriII
By Al Smith

Latin. Molly Malone's cookies"
are shellf1sh. rather like our
scallops. Their name comes also
from the Latin-"conchylium,"
conch shell.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1960-11-25
FUNERAL OF MRS. DOUGLASS
HELD SATURDAY IN MANTEO

Funeral services for Mrs. Almira
Hooper Douglass who died on the
morning Of Nov. 18th at the resi-
dence of her daughter, Mrs. Annie
d. johnson in Manteo, were con-
Quoted Saturday afternoon at 2
o'clock in the chapel of the Twi-
ford Funeral Home by Rev. A. w.
Price, pastor of the Assembly of
God Church.
The casket was covered with a
pail of yellow chrysthemums, vel
low and lavender gladioli and fern.
"Safe In The Arms Of Jesus"
"The Old Rugged Cross" "Sweet
BY and By" Goodnight and Good
morning" and at the grave, "Be-
yond The Sunset" were sung by
members of the Salvo Assembly OF
God Church choir. Mrs. Raymond
Wescott accompanied at the or
gan.
Pallbearers were Warren O'Neal
Sheldon O'Neal, Keith Fearing
Earl Green, Luther Midget and
Edwin Midget.
Burial followed in the Manteo
Cemetery.
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1960-11-25
sLADEsvILLE PERSONALS

Mr.. and Mrs. Hugh Bell of
Williamson visited Miss Texas
Sears and Mrs. Ethel Gibbs.
Mrs. Margaret Mckinney and
Miss Lou Anon Mckinney of Bethel
spent the week end here.
Sammie and Miss Louise Cuth-
rell visited in Roanoke Rapids.
Mrs. Jeff Creole returned to
Henderson Thursday with her
daughter, Mrs. P. G. Murphy.
Eugene Creole was Friday Wis
itor in Swan Quarter.
Burwell Gibbs visited Mrs. Ethel
Gibbs this week.
Mrs. R. G. Richards has return
ed after visiting in Greenville.
Charlie Caravan went to Bel
haven Sunday for his mother, Mrs.
Alice Caravan who attended serv-
ice at Beulah Primitive Church
and was his dinner guest.
Otis Moore of Rocky Mount
spent Sunday with his brother,
Johnnie Moore and niece, Mrs.
Archie Caravan.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Spencer of
Norfolk visited the S. G. and Ray
Spencer families Saturday.
Mrs. Sammie and Miss Louise
The coastland times with which is combined the pilot and herald of Belhaven and Swan Quarter. [volume] (Manteo, N.C.) 1959-1973, 1960-11-25
AUXILIARY MEETING HELD
AT ENGELHARD NOV. Is

The American Legion Auxiliary
unit No. 211 met Tuesday Nov. Is
in the Engelhard Community Build
ing with IL attending. Mrs.
Yeronne Gibbs presided. Plans for
the annual Christmas supper were
made, invitations are extended to
the American Legion members,
the families of the ALA. member
and special guests. The supper will
be served in the lunch room of the
local school on Nov. 30th.
Gifts were taken in to be sent
to the Veterans Hospital for
Christmas gifts for use of the Vet
Grams. Those gifts are donated by
the members each year. So :
/, The supper will be in place of the
regular meeting for December. Re-
freshments were served.