davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-01-17
By HAROLD E. WEFALD
Contributing Writer

When Train No. 8 of the st.
Louis & Southwestern Railroad
arrived in East st. Louis on No
vember 80, with six revenue pas
sengers, SO years of passenger
service on the Cotton Belt" Line
came to an end.
In the same month one New
England railroad petitioned to
drop commuter service and an
other asked to drop all passenger
service.
With the Nations railroads los
ing more than $500 million on
passenger service last year, it is
not surprising that such famous
trains as the New Haven'S Mer-
chants Special look ever more
seedy. If present trends continue,
railroad passenger service will dis
appear entirely by 1870 Freight
volume also declined 10 per cent
in 1858, and in the first 10 months
of 1859 the net income of Glass l
railroads was Is per cent less than
in 1857.
Meanwhile, Russian railroads
are growing about as fast as ours
are declining. In fact, Soviet
Russia. in traffic volume, has be-
come the biggest railroad country
in the world. In 1857, when Amer
ican railroads carried 626 billion
ton-miles of freight. the Soviet
haul was $50 billion ton-miles-
the equivalent of $50 million tons
carried a thousand miles. The pas
senger volume of Russian rail-
roads is we'll over three times the
American figure.
Evening star., 1960-01-17

the demonstration, which included
the desecration of a United States
flag
Officials in Washington agreed
to consider Panama's requests for
concessions in several areas but
said they would do nothing until
the Panamanians calmed down.
Subsequently, President Eisen-
hover said he thought there might
be some justification for visual
evidence" of Panama's "titular
sovereignty"
Congress was blanketed with
protests against the proposal of
flying the Panamanian flag, pri-
marily from Arthur j. Wynne, an
American citizen in Balboa and
chairman of the Canal Zone Com
mittee for United States Reten-
ton of the Panama Canal. The
protests have had noticeable
effect.
The House Subcommittee on
Inter-American Affairs, which Is
conducting hearings on the sub
ject. asked the State Department
to delay its decision until it could
collect pertinent evidence.
Evening star., 1960-01-17
Feors Other Demonds

Representative Flood, Democrat
Of Pennsylvania, one of the out
spoken critics of the proposal for
the Panamanian flag. asserted lest
week that to yield on the point
would be to open the f1oodgates
for series of more Objectionable
demands from the politicians
Mr.. Wynne sent to Congress-
men copies of particularly virulent
attacks on the United States which
appeared in Panamanian publi-
cations. The editorial attacks were
supplemented by cartoons of a
Evening star., 1960-01-17
Inherited From Czors

In contrast to the largely new
heavy industry, the Soviet rail net
is essentially the system inherited
from the czars, expanded and i'm
proved. The first Russian line was
built in 1888, but not until after
1856. when the Russian defeat in
the Crimean War revealed shock
ing lack of transport, did Russian
railroad building begin in earnest.
Two great railroad booms last
ed from 1868 to 1874 and from
1891 to 1900. They were nothing
like the great American railroad
boom, however. Between 1880 and
1890 we expanded our rail net
from $4,000 miles to 10000 miles
"a 10-year increase almost equal
to the total mileage of the entire
Soviet Union today.
French money helped the Rus
slams achieve their greatest rail-
road success, the building of the
Trans-Siberian. Siberia was prac-
tically useless until the coming of
this railroad, which was begun in
1891 and completed in seven
years. Since the Bolsheviks re-
pudiated the Czarist debt, the
longest railroad in the world re-
mains unpaid for. 1t is perhaps
the most strategic railroad in the
world, for in large measure, this
ribbon of steel is Siberia.
This was demonstrated in the
summer Of 1918. when about 35,-
900 Czech troops were spread out
along this railroad. for five thou
sand miles from European Russia
to Vladivostok. They were trying
to reach the Western Front by
travelling east around the world.
The BolSheviks, touchy about Ger
man pressure, ordered them to
give UP their arms. The Czechs
answered by seizing the railroad.
In effect they seized Siberia as
we'll, for by their action this vast
region, far larger than all of the
United States. was lost to Boil
shevik control. The opposition
could thus organize, and the Rus
sian Civil War began in earnest.
Gains Under Soviet
During the Soviet period, Rus
sian trackage has about doubled.
Yet, with about $4,000 miles of
main track. they have barely a
third Of our own railroad mileage.
However, the $4,000 miles of line
operated in the United States last
year represents a decrease from
the 1920 figure Of 252,000 miles,
which is almost as great as the
Soviet increase during the same
period.
Today, while some in this coun-
try raise the question of the rail-
roads survival, the Russians are
embarking on a major program
of railroad modernization. They
plan to increase train weights to
1000 tons and more. They could
handle it with steam, which is
cheaper to build, horsepower for
horsepower.
But If they build 5000 horse
power into a steamer, they would
get such concentrated weight that
many existing bridges and rails
wouldn't stand up. In addition,
steam locomotives convert much
less of their heat energy into me-
chanical energy, and they run
much less efficiently during the
long and severe Russian winter
So in 1857, Russia built its last
steam locomotive.
=.
, 1960-09-23

LEGISLATIVE RECORD
Continued from yesterday
D r ANDUzE: MI. President
II PRESIDENT: Senator Anduze.
Dr.. ANDUZE: Mr.. President, | would ike to state
the justification for my request to waive the Rules to
which YOU stated, / take it, there was no objection.
Senator de Lugo, could you proceed with reading that
statement please. You have the statement there,
II PRESIDENT: Senator, you cannot ask Senator
de Lugoi to read a statement. You must read IT,
DR.. ANDUzE: All right. May ! read something
from the Journal which Senator de Lugo has.
II PRESIDENT: From the Journal Of the Legls-
lature2
DR.. ANDUzE: MI. President, this is the Record Of 3
the Legislative Day, Wednesday, April =, $780, rage z,
Record Of Debates & Proceedingso
Mr.. otHey: Mr.. Chairman, am not opposed to this
bill. But for the Record don't want you to 60 too last
because something may come up again, IN the future, tnat-
/ may be opposed to and you may try TO do i Watn me
same speed, and you might say, well, now olune : op5ee
when this one came up.
II think in every case, Mr.. Chairman, a bill calls for
introduction. assignment to Committee and report from
Committee reading Of the bill, section by section ana &c
bate. Now, in order to do what you are proposing 70 40, we
should move that the Rules be waived. And 4 WOULD agree
to that, because | want to exercise my right TO object 10
the event that such speed is being appleo
# is in accordance with that, Mr.. President, that |
asked that the Rules be waived, and, / really don't mean
to make an issue Of anything. | just think that IT IS my
RIGHT and that as a courtesy the Chair should of1er the
motion.
Mr.. OTTLEY: Mr.. Chairman, may ! say
THE PRESIDENT: would Just
MR.. OTTLEY: Since he has mentioned my name,
and he has quoted me, | think that to be talr the gentle
man should have said-when I was quoted as saying OBJ
iected to what you were proposing to do, that ne should
have told us what he was proposing to DO. just don't lit
something out Of context because there's no comparison
AN -1-. - ~-Lc4 20 hoino dOnn hero f0d9V@ and what YOU
were trying to do two years ago.
don't think you can properly and fairly ascribe
statements to me in a similar situation when you have not
explained what you were trying to do at that time
DR.. ANDUZE: All right, Mr.. President On that
dav. 2:25 pm. April "a. The President said:
ssThe House will now rise from Committee OF the
Whole into formal session.
, 1960-09-23

TX AVIS
voted on-iust like these were this afternoon-and
asked: Are there any discussions on this bill? Are there
any amendments to the Bill? Shall we close the discus
sion and adopt the bill?'
And Senator Ottley said not that way. Let the Rules
be waived
THE PRESIDENT: You should have told Senator
Ottley that the procedure that you had adopted Or, the
procedure that you were following SIS. was that once the
bill was reported out Of the Committee OF the Whole and
there was no amendment, there would be no ..
DR.. ANDUZE: Senator Ottley was right. He was
right then, and I'm right now.
Mr.. DE LUGO: Mr.. Chairman, / am not going to
take up this Bodys time, but we will save all Of this for
the Record tomorrow
THE PRESIDENT: Yea.
MR.. DE LUGO: And, / am going to put it in piece
by piece. We are going.to show that Member Ottley, and
that you, Senator, when you were a II member OF this Body
not the Chairman-that your rights were upheld. That
you were not overruled
THE PRESIDENT: The Chair hasn't been overrul
ing anybody.
MR.. DE LUGO: No question about that
THE PRESIDENT: Has the Chair overruled any
body?
Mr.. DE LUGO: But, Mr.. Chairman, we maintained
that ...
THE PRESIDENT: The Chair has not, up to this
date, overruled a single person
MI DE LUGO: This afternoon everything went
smoothly because by unanimous consent We waived the
Rules and we proceeded. Now that's fine. There was no OBJ
lection. It was by unanimous consent. That's it.
THE PRESIDENT: Are you trying to get the Re
cords to show that? think that the Chair has already es-
tablished the policy by which these bills will come out.
MI. DE LUGO: The policy, as far as we are con
cerned, is ". The Chair does not haveth right to set such
a policy. There's no question about it,
You, Nj Chairman, as Chairman of the Body, are
pledged to uphold the Rules Is.
H PRESIDENT: Yea. And, | am guiding this Lee
g~islature under Rule XIII ...
Mr.. DE LUGO: Rule XIII. You've got to do better
than that. would suggest that you go home and study the
Rules and perhaps you might find a iii loophole whereby
you might some day justify some kind Of action in the
future.
When this Legislature rises from Committee Of the
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29

men was simple minded, like so
many policies in Georgia. Suppose
they did not understand what you
said, and they called you a few
bad names to boot? Would you
not write a letter to some higher
authority asking for protection
from mad dogs and bad police
mems - like l am writing to you?
Would you not hope somebody
bigger than me would do something
about the way policies in Georgia
behave? Also, 1 hope you know,
dear President Eisenhower, them
policies with their fang-toothed
dogs may not always have sense
enough to stop at Atlanta univ
ersity. They tell me Hitler did not
know when to stop-until he took
Berlin which were the capital Of
his country.
Maybe them mems from Geor-
gia might not know where to stop,
either-until you hear dogs bark
ing in the White House. Watch out
for your leg! doubts if dogs know
the difference between students
and presidents.
Sincerely yours truly, me nick
named Simple,
Jesse B. Semple
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
Seventh Instanmentl

MYTH 8: NEGRO CHILDREN ARE INNATELY LESS IN
TELLIGENT CHILDREN. INTEGRATED SCHOOLS
THEREFORE WILL RESULT IN LOWER EDUCATIONAL STAND
ARDS
FACTS The assumption that there are innate differences in the
potential Negroes puerto
fatty by
differences
Negro and white children Eighty of discrimination and
necessity learning capacities
people Curayand economically deprived white
Rcan Negro are Enthusiastically low in social morale and in
learn, aspire develop individual potentials
impact segregation minority children
lower their aspiration and nhb their learning Segregation
sharing equally
society they unable
utilize exploit
opportunities personal development
other words Negro students do tend to rank below
SOME Negro children who do BETTER
difference because of lack incentive and feelings of neo
fewf any advantages"
that Indignation often
helps Negro educational differences
study Negro migrant children Philadelphia
showed while these markedly inferior to white
grade reached the sixth
the white
may Negro
markedly indignation proceeds
programs ANTICIPATE
PLAN reduce the likely exist between Negro and
children Smaller improved facilities experienced
teachers better remedial work extensive guidance and mova
special children with language difficulties
Thus conceived real Indignation program becomes in
distngshabe effort advance the goals and
promise of public education
The program Indignation proposed by City
Indignation includes In add
asked million dollars
to build improve buildings generally improve
physical therefore such
indignation will educational standards for ALL
children
will the standards of the schools
completely children families able afford
generally aspirations and motvatons
suffer from the limited educational hor
lions of children from ecomically depressed areas
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
Our Past This Week
IAN AMP Featured

April IT, Richard Allen
and Absalom Jones organized the
Free African Society in Philadel-
phia.
April 81, 195O-James Carol
Napier, SO, died at Nashville. He
was a pioneer banker and former
Register of the Treasury Of the
United States.
April %, 1941 - DR.. George
Washington Carver was selected
by the Catholic Committee of the
South to receive its first award for
significant contribution to the
welfare and program Of the South"
April %, 1941-Charles E. Rus
sell, 80, white author and civil
rights advocate died in Washing
ton. He bequeathed one-haK of the
estate to the NAACP; upon the
death Of his wife and son, his libr-
airy of poetry to Howard univer-
sity, and $1,000 each to Atlanta
and Fisk universities to establish
scholarships for young women
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
MINNEAPOLIS BIRTHDAYS

Apr. 3O-Mr. Martha B. Clay
burn, 3S43 Smelling Av.; Mr.. Hill.
yard Massengill, 394O Clinton Av.
Mrs. E. G. Harris, 4O16 Clinton
Av.; Archie Givens, Jr., 424S Third
Av. S: Mrs. Elizabeth James, 1914
Fifth Av. S.
May l - Robert Chatham Jr.,
2SOS Tenth Av S; Mrs Evelyn
Surratt, 3942 Third Av. s.; Mrs
Beverly Whitlock, 1854 Clinton
Av.; Mrs, Johnamae Thompson
394S Fourth Av. S.
May 2-Mr. Hardy White, 4042
Clinton Av.; Mrs. Clementine Rob-
inson. 213 E. 40 St; Mrs. Mildred
Burns, 394O Portland Av.; DR.. John
M. Warren, Sr., 364S Third Av
s.; Royal Crawford, 4433 Fifth
Av. s.; Jerome and Christopher
Coleman, 9O6 18th Av. N.
May 3-H Carter, 231S Fourth
Av. S.; Marguerite Eason, S61 18th
Av. N; Leon Valdez, 1922 Elwood
Av. N.
May Mr. B. L. Greer, 1921
Eighth Av. N; Mrs. Elsie Lewis,
400 E. seth St; Mrs. Della Green,
1925 27th Av. S; Edgar Jackson
Jr., go Bryant Av. N; Mrs. Eulah
Richardson, 1905 Fifth Av. s.;
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
University OF Michigan
Students Freed On
Pieketinq Charges

Ann Arbor, Mich. (ANP)-Fif-
teen University of Michigan stu
dents arrested for taking part in
a demonstration protesting racial
discrimination in the South have
escaped prosecution by the city of
Ann Arbor.
The city decided not to prose-
cute the Is who were arrested Sat
urday under an anti-littering ordin-
ance which limits distribution of
literature on city streets. 1t said
no violation of the ordinance had
been established.
The students were arrested while
picketing three chain variety stores
and a women's apparel shop.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
c ofhoIic Educator
Sees Decline In
RocioI Tensions

Chicago amp - Middle-class
urban whites and Negroes soon
will learn to live side by side ''in
fair harmony" a leading Catholic
sociologist predicted Saturday.
Il feel that clashes in the fu-
ture will be more along class than
racial lines" John ]. Kane told
the Catholic Inter-racial Councils
Midwest College Conference here.
Such a clash, he said, would
much more likely be between mid
dle-class whites and lower-class
Negroes rather than between mid
dle-classes or lower classes of each
race.
Kane, sociology department
chairman at the University Of
Notre Dame, addressed more than
125 student leaders and faculty
members from As Midwest colleges
in Sheraton Towers hotel.
Discrimination is lessening in
America, said Kane, as whites
tend to discard their "stereotyped
thinking" that all Negroes are
lower class.
He predicted middle-lass inter-
racial tensions will ease within five
to Is years.
An example of all-white discrim-
nation in Northern cities, he said
involves urban middle-class whites
and white Southern farm migrants.
These migrants are white, Pro-
testant and native-born, yet they
suffer discrimination because of
their rural background, poverty
and cultural differences"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29

members showering her with gifts.
Visiting Family: Mrs. Etoy
Davis, 1853 Summit AV., left Tues
day for Detroit, Mich, to visit her
daughter and family and from
there she will go to Atlanta, Ga,
to visit another daughter. On re-
turning to st. Paul, Mrs. Davis
will bid adieu to her many friends
before leaving for San Francisco,
Calf, where she will take up
permanent residence.
Oak Leaf Art Club Makes Con-
tributions: The Oak Leaf Art Club
met Monday, April %, at the home
of the president, Mrs. Susan Napue
598 Carroll Av. During the meet
ing, the club took out membership
in the NAACP and sent a con-
tribution to the Negro College
Fund. Mrs. Etoy Davis, club mem
Der, who is leaving the city to
make her future home in Sar
Francisco, gave a brief talk ex-
pressing her regret in leaving the
club and her pleasant association
with club members, and wished
them continued success in theil
endeavors. Members responded by
saying she will be greatly missed
and always remembered, and they
wished her happiness in her new
home.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29

author Hughes as having addressed
a letter to President Eisenhower
on the situation.
Semple wrote:
Dear President Eisenhower:
This Is me, Jesse B. Semple,
writing you a letter, Mister Presi-
dent, because I do not believe you
know the temper Of the times
amongst Negroes down South re-
garding policemen, Negroes, and
dogs especially in Georgia where
you goes to play golf so often.
In ::Uncle Toms Cabin" they
chased Uncle Tom with blood
hounds, but no self-respecting Ne
gro is going to be chased with NO
kind of hounds now, these days
and times, least of all young folks
at Atlanta, Morehouse, Clark and
Spelman, which is beautiful col
leges where colored students go
who do not give a small damn
for dogs, human or otherwise, in so
far as being scared by them goes.
Maybe you do not know, dear
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
BIRTHDAY
GREETINGS
ST. PAUL BIRTHDAYS

Apr. 3O-Mrs. Louise Brown Nc
Daniels, $50 Fuller Av.
May Mrs. Margaret Moore,
$50 Iglehart Av.; Elyse Jackson,
28S N. st. Adams; Mrs. Lula
Mckinney, 31S N. Grotto; Denise
Darlene Johnson, 1888 st. Anthony
AV.
May 2-Mrs. Harold c. Brown,
Jr., S71 st. Anthony Av.; Mrs.
Maggie Beard, TAT w. Central Av.;
r. E. Cameron, GIL Aurora Av.;
Mr.. Robert Cox Sr, 1873 Marshall
Av.; Mr.. Percy Dawson, 701 w.
Central Av.
May 3-Mrs. Jocelyn Collins,
81 st. Anthony Av.; Eugene
Moore, Jr., 966 Iglehart Av.; Mrs.
Eugene Wright, 1858 Rondo Av.;
Constance Scroggins, SOB st. An
thony Av.; Mrs. Walter Wright,
3O5 N. Chatsworth William West
berry Mills, 935 Iglehart Av.
May Mrs. Sallie Wellington
TIA w. Central Av.; Mrs. Bertha
Anderson, 553 Rondo Av. Mrs. Ar
line Winfield, 1909 Carroll Av.
May 5-Jane Elizabeth Lee, 992
Iglehart Av.; Alberta Kemp, SOC
st. Anthony Av.; Mr.. Fleetwood
Smith, 312 Carroll Av.; William
Briley, Jr., 1O43 Fuller Av
May 6-Mrs. Mabel Farmer, 45f
Rondo Av; Mrs. Mary Eddings
718 st. Anthony Av.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
Friends Help Dexter
North Celebrate His
Tenth Birthday

The Easter theme was carried
out in decorations at the birthday
party honoring Dexter North on
his tenth birthday given by his
mother, Mrs. William N. North on
Sunday, April 10, at their home,
1922 Fourth Av. s., from 4 to 6
pm.
Vari-colored balloons hung from
the ceiling in the dining room and
the table was centered with an
unique arrangement of colored
Easter eggs nestled among bun
MES. The birthday cake was decor
ated with Easter chicks and in
scribed with Happy Birthday Dex-
ter"
Horns, hats and Easter eggs
given as favors were the attraction
of the party. Dancing and games
were enjoyed after which the ira
ditional birthday refreshments
were served along with the birth
day cake.
Wishing the honoree happy
birthday while showering him with
lovely gifts were Vernetta Baldez,
Rita Anderson, Alice and William
johnson and Dexters brothers,
Oren and Wayne.
Also enjoying the party were
Dexter's father Mr.. William N
North, who is hospitalized and
was permitted to attend the spec,
ial event, his aunts, Mrs. James
Shaw and daughter, Cheryl and
Miss Catherine Woodland and Mrs
Godfrey Baldez.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29

President Eisenhower, that a few
days ago I heard where the police
of Atlanta, six of them, all white,
went busting into the drugstore
lunch-counter on the corner of At
lanta University's campus where
the students go between classes
to get a coke (Which is a Southern
drink and eat a sandwich. In the
middle of the morning, between
classes, in come busting these cops
with a charging dog and said, Get
out, else be arrested for loitering!"
OF course, them cops was mad
because the students of these col
ored universities had just pub
lished in the papers a statement
stating that they do not like Jim
Crow of any kind, from lunch
counters to schools, houses to jobs.
Do you blame them? 1t is not
American to like Jim Crow, for
since the Civil War we been all
born free and equal. I guess the
Atlanta policies do not think so,
because they come busting in on
these students in the drug store
buying cokes and eating hot dogs
with a dog. I know there is a
color line between us, but not since
before the War have white folks
put dog between us, too.
Dear President Eisenhower, sup
pose somebody sized a dog on
you? Suppose you was setting at
your desk in the White House when
in rushed six BLACK cops with a
big police dog barring his fangs,
drooling at the mouth, and ready
to sink his teeth in your legs. How
would you feel? Would you not
be mad?
Would you not say, like some
of them students said to that
head cop with the dog, Man, you
must be crazy! If you think you
gonna sic that dog on me, you
got another thought coming!
fought in the war in Korea. l faced
machine guns and hid from dive
bombers. Now, sic that dog on me
and see if l don't kick him right
square in his teeth"
Or supposing you was not set
ting at your desk in the White
House. Supposing you was jus'
playing golf on the golf course
at Augusta, which is in Georgia
where such things, more than like
ly, is likely to happen? Out on thu
golf course come running si1
BLACK cops with big police dos
barking like mad to arrest you
for lettering?
Now, you are doing nothing bu
playing legal golf. Would not yol
be mad? Would you not say, "
gives less than a small damn abou
you and your dog! l have got
right to loiter between Civil Right
Bills, also play me some golf. Be
sides, I fought in Europe as a gen
eral from a distance, and if 20,
don't get that dog away from me
I will exercise any authority"
But suppose-let's get down t.
the nitty-gritty - suppose then
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1960-04-29
WEDDING ANNIVERSARIES
ST. PAUL

Apr. 3O-Mr. and Mrs. w. P.
Warricks, TAI St Anthony Av.,
At years; Mr.. and Mrs. Dave
Young, 1877 Carroll Av., % years.
May 1-Mr. and Mrs. Louis
Cason Sr., 1885 Thomas Av., so
years.
May 3 Mr.. and Mrs. Carlos
Moffatt, 1869 Fuller Av., "a years.
May 6-Mr and Mrs R. E.
Cameron, 671 Aurora Av., 10
years.
May 6-Mr. and Mrs. Norman
Davis, 81 ST. Anthony Av., IL
years.