davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-06-29
CONGRESS

sQOnLlnueQ from FlrSL rage
Rayburn would have wanted tc
go to Los Angeles early next
week, leaving the House with a
substitute speaker, This would
have meant that neither Sen
ator; Johnson nor Speaker Ray
burn could have been on the
scene to push the johnson cause
until the convention was ready
to convene. .
There was also some risk in
trying to put through a sound
program on such vital issues
as medical care, minimum
wage and aid to education in
Q hectic adjournment rush
next week.
Many Bills on Hand
Senator johnson reminded
his colleagues that one or both
houses still have pending 10
appropriation bills and an
equal number of major new
programs, including:
Housing, Federal aid to
schools. minimum wage
changes, medical care for the
aged, a sugar quota bill. a
Federal highway measure, a
farm tax bill, river and har-
Dor authorization and a small
business loan program.
The Texan said Congress ex-
poets to get President EiSen-
hower's veto of the Government
pay increase bill in time to try
to override it before recessing
this week.
The Senator also announced
continuing resolution would
be necessary to meet the day
to-day expenses of Government
agencies for which approprla-
ton bills will not be finished.
Recess Opposed
Senator johnson said that,
surveying this workload, the
leaders had to decide whether
to abandon parts of the pro-
gram or face up to the fact
that this is an election year.
let the members go TO the
conventions and come back to
consider pending legislation lin
an orderly fashion"
For an hour before the ma
jority leader made his an
nouncement, a group of Sem
ators who doubt the wisdom
of coming back were making
laSt-minute appeals to the
leaders to keep going until July
8 in an effort to complete the
program.
Senator Proxmire, Democrat
Of Wisconsin. said he was
puzzled as to why I'VE don't
make a college try at getting
through by July g." He pre-
dicted more could be done in
the next seven days than will
be done in the whole month of
August in the political atnos-
phere that will then exist.
Senators Gruening of Alaska
and Sparkman of Alabama on
the Democratic side and keat-
ing and Jayits of New York
on the Republican side joined
in the ProXmire view.
Drive Held Lacking
Senator Sparkman said the
Senate has not been driving
for adjournment in the last
few days.
5cN5L LDI hedLlnR suggested II
would BE- Dstt"r ~ return after
election daY In November as
the lesser of two evils.
But Senator MaRee, Demo-
crat Of Wyoming, said he has
reservations about how much
could be accomplished in the
remaining eight days before
the start Of the Democratic
convention
Senator Humphrey of Min
nesota, who has dropped out OF
the race for the Democratic
nomination, said that as far as
he is concerned Congress could
Evening star., 1960-06-29
CONGRESS
Some in Senate
Fiqht Recess Now

keep going until July 10, ever
if some members missed tn
opening session of the Demo
cratic convention on July II
He drew a laugh by adding
1T is too bad the Republican
aren't meeting first becaus
that convention will be cut an,
dried"
DirkSen Jibes Rivals
Senate Republican Leade
Dirksen inquired if the Demo
Gratis we're afraid of having t,
meet first, thereby giving tn
Republicans a look at thei
ticket and platform in advance
Senator Proxmire replied
that Democrats are never afrait
of Republicans. especially Dem
ocratS as courageous as Sena
tor Humphrey.
There was speculation tina
the postponement of decision
on major legislative item
would strengthen the politica
bargaining position of Sena
tor Johnson during the preSi
Dental convention.
| But two supporters Of Sena
tor Kennedy said today the!
were sure the decision to recess
Congress was not politically
motivated.
Senator Pastore Of Rhode Is
land said, I'm perfectly salts.
fled this is the sensible thins
to do. 1t will relax some of tht
tension around here and per.
NIT US to consider these mat
ters in a less frenzied at
moSphere."
Johnson Advantage Seen
Senator Proxmire said he wa
sure all Senator Johnss0ii
wanted to do "is get as good 6
program as possible enacted
Nevertheless, the fact thai We
are recesSing will mean tha'
the majority leader, who has &
commanding position on legis.
lation, will have a greater po'
sition of strength during the
convention"
The Senate Finance Com.
mittee began two days of pub.
lie hearings this morning or
medical care for the elderly
probably the most importan'
political issue still confront,
ing this session.
Finance Committee member
felt they could get the medica
care bill to the Senate floor b!
Saturday or Monday.
But it is almost a certainty
that the Senate eventually will
adopt a complete substitute
making the medical care pro,
gram part of the social Sc,
curity system, with a specia
payroll tax. This would NEAR
delay in getting an agreemen
with the House, which followed
the administration line of Fed
eral aid to State health plans
outside of social security.
Evening star., 1960-06-29

another in need of assistance.
In giving generous assist
ance to foreign countries" he
said, "the United States. in my
Thai eyes are applying the old
concept of family obligations
upon the largest scale. The ma
tions of the world are being
taught that they are put mem-
bers of one big family. that
they have obligations to Cne
another, and that they are
closely interdependent.
1T may take a long time to
learn this lesson. But, when It
has been truly learned, the
prospects of world peace will
be bright"
The King spoke to a crowded
House chamber that included
cabinet members and the dip
lomatic corps and two Capacity
galleries where Queen Sirikit
sat with Mrs. Richard Nixon.
Talks With President
Before going to the Capitol.
the King conferred with Presi-
dent Eisenhower at the White
House for nearly IS minutes.
He told reporters that I'VE
talked about our good rela-
tlonS and how to better them"
The King wore a conserva-
tive dark business suit in con-
trast to the white uniform IN
which he was dressed when he
arrived yesterday at National
Airport. He delivered his
speech in English and drew
applause frequently.
He reminded Congress that
he was born in Boston where
his father was then a student
at Harvard University. He con-
graduated fortunate people"
in Congress who were educated
there.
Recalls Long Friendship
Recalling that relations be-
tween Thailand and the United
States always have been
marked by cordial friendship
and understanding, the King
said:
In view of the present world
tension and the feeling of un-
certainty everywhere. it is my
sincere feeling that the time Is
ripe for an even closer Coop
GRAFTON. 1t will demonstrate
to the world that we are one in
purpose and conviction and il
can lead to one uhing-mutual
benefit"
His speech dwelt especially
on problems of security and
economic development of free
nations throughout the world.
AS I look at history" he
said, Il see mighty military en-
pires rise through conquest and
subsection of alien peoples. I
see them decline and fall when
the subject peoples threw off
their yoke. 1t is only in this
present century that we find
a great military power refrain
from war except for the defense
OF right and peace. l refer to
the United States of America.
This signal example is a long
step forward toward the Sc
curity OF mankind. When a
country feels reasonably con-
f1dent of its own security. it
then can devote mere attention
20 economic development"
Evening star., 1960-06-29

Other Stories on RoyoI Visit.
Pages C-l and CO
Evening star., 1960-05-11
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Putting Spy Case in Perspective

out? Why don't We quit re-
acting in automatic breast
beating? And if the United
States Government had not
undertaken the intelligence
activities it has undertaken
and will go on undertaking
would we not now be de-
nouncing that same govern
ment for being asleep against
the possibility of another
Pearl Harbor?
Significantly, the official
opposition to the Eisenhow-
er administration, the lead
ers of the Democratic Party,
are acting responsibly and
speaking softly. Those now
raising the shrillest clamor
about this dreadful. dreadful
administration are those who
only weeks ago were inton-
ing hymns to the wonder
ful, wonderful cold war poll
icy of that same administra-
ton.
The responsible Allied
statesmen have a plain duty
and powerful men here who
are their good friends are
going privately to remind
them Of it. They ought to
speak out for a Nation which
has, after all. poured out
billions in their defense. An
alliance has a leader who is
supported when things are
rough-or an alliance has
no leader at all.
Evening star., 1960-05-11
DORIS FLEEsoN
Burned Fingers for u. S. Officials

dering over what may hap
pen if Mr.. Khrushchev de-
cides to turn his mordant
humor loose on Mr.. Bohlen
at critical moments. With
very much less ammunition,
the Russian spokesman re-
duced U. N. Ambassador
Lodge to the role of straight
man during their travels
here.
The part assigned to the
National Aeronautics and
Space Agency shouldn't hap
pen to Fala or Checkers. This
luckless outfit was singled
out by White House Press
Secretary Hagerty to give the
original explanation of the
incident.
Acting in good faith on
what information it was able
to get, NASA said the plane
was one Of its U-2s which was
missing after taking of on
a weather reconnaissance.
This is the report which Mr..
Herter later repudiated. Now
NASA is wondering how,
after apparently having been
tagged as doing some spying
on the side, it can do its job
of persuading all nations to
join in peaceful space prof.
ects.
Pilot Powers employer, the
Central Intelligence Agency,
is a little luckier. 1t is being
allowed to explain behind a
blanket curtain the enthrall-
ing narratives for which Mr..
Khrushchev is enjoying such
a large public.
Evening star., 1960-05-11
DAVID LAWRENCE
Need for Realism on Defenses

I'VE cannot permit another
Korea. We cannot take the
risk Of carnage and national
devastation which would fol-
low a similar attack from
across the Russian borders.
And since the Russians re-
fuse to cooperate in our
efforts to establish perma-
nent peace-or even to agree
to ethical standards of war
fare-we have no choice but
to protect our Nation and
our people through the age
old methods of defense so
long in use by the Commu-
nists themselves"
Both sides are engaged in
spying. Mr.. Khrushchev
talks in righteous tones as
If the Communists do Moth
ing on this score. An i'm
portant revelation, however,
has just been made. 1t is
disclosed that the CZecho-
slovak Embassy in Washing
ton is the center of a spy
ring. The military attache
of the Embassy detected re-
Gently and gave the whole
story to the House Commit
tee on Un-Americsn Activi-
ties. His testimony has Just
been released by the COM
mittee.
The Soviet Union un-
doubtedly uses all of its
satellite embassies for espio-
mage work. If spying is to be
abolished, it will be necessary
to abolish the satellite lega-
tions. The House committee
in a recent report says:
The facts brought out in
this report make it crystal
clear that Communist en-
bassies, consulates, U. N.
delegations. trade and other
missions have been, and are
presently, used as legal covers
for International Communist
spy rings. There is no reason
to believe that their use for
this purpose will ever be dis
continued by the arch con-
spirators in the Kremlin."
But somehow, when the
Communists do the spying
and congressional committees
expose it, this hasn't been
front-page news. Moscow
wins propaganda victories
primarily because the truth
about Soviet espionage and
infiltration in the cold war"
rarely gets attention and is
brushed aside by too many
people here and in Britain as
just so much "McCarthyism."
(copyright, l960)
Evening star., 1960-05-11

Some OF the comments be-
ing made currently on the
United States plane that
went down in Russia are
stranger than the incident
itself.
Thus. it is being lamented
that the incident happened
"just before the summit con-
ference" as if this were some
thing "inopportune." Actu-
ally. it would have been most
unfortunate if the episode
had occurred after the sum-
nit conference. For then a
long time would have elapsed
before the matter could have
been disposed of by the gov
ernments concerned at a sub
sequent summit show.
1t is also being asserted
that the President should
have known in detail every
minute of the day what mis-
sions were planned for every
pilot in the far-flung opera
tions Of the United States
overseas, so that this particu-
lar fight could have been
cancelled. This is precisely
what the Communists desire
to halt all defense opera
tions by the Allies, including
information-gathering. while
they themselves pursue their
customary infiltration and
spying projects.
1t is obvious that many of
the critics either are naive
or just don't understand the
Importance of intelligence
work in a period like the
present. To say that the
President should have known
about the Powers flight or
similar projects so as to be
able to turn them on or off
at will is to attribute to the
presidency superhuman re-
sponsibilities. The concept Of
such flights has. of course.
been discussed at the top
level and a policy adopted.
General authority to carry
them on was delegated. The
United States Government,
under this or any other ad-
ministration. is not likely to
be lulled into the dangerous
attitude that, while diplo-
mats talk, all weapons must
be grounded and America
must take the chance of be-
ing subjected to surprise at
tack with missiles that carry
nuclear weapons.
Evening star., 1960-05-11
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

The atomic sub, Triton the globe without sur
facng-which is more than you say for of
secret agents
Lockheed Russia faxed pictures of our spy plane
Sure Just because Mr. caught telling truth once
doesn't mean he's going to let it become national habit
Harry Truman Ike snubbed him on Inauguration
day Of So But Harry got He left the deficit the
Russans-and George Allen.
Motto the desk Of Allen Dulles boss Intel
lgence Confession good for soul-bu lousy on the
appropriations"
Some Republicans boom Gov Rockefeller convention
keynoter Rockys possible text for Nxons nomination.
is going to hurt than it does you"
Khrushchev blasts the United States cocktail party
as he hosts his favorite drink: Spy the rocks
Evening star., 1960-05-11
List of Public Servants Harmed
BY Spy Case Gets Longer

fateful summit meeting ap-
proaches. The Soviet Union
is using its advantage skill
fully and seems to be get
ting results.
Upon the Secretary of
State, Mr.. Herter, devolves
the unhappy duty of answer
ing the allied ambassadors
who are knocking at his door.
So much of what he must
explain is purely defensive,
he gets little chance to ex-
pand his justified offensive
against the Soviet Union on
the relatively simple matter
of espionage.
Then there is the Secre-
tary's special assista mt,
Charles Chip Bohlen, who
will accompany him to the
summit next week and there
after accompany the Presi-
dent to Russia as official in
terpreter. 1t fell to him in
the first shock of the news
to explain it all away at a
background briefing of re-
porters.
AS usual it was a polished
performance, including some
earnest speculation about Mr..
KhruShchev's motives. 1t had
only one flaw-the explana-
tions given to Mr.. Bohlen to
deliver weren't true and had
later to be retracted.
Reporters who covered the
Khrushchev visit are shud-
Evening star., 1960-05-11
DORIS FLEESON

Senate Democratic Leader
johnson, Senate Republican
Leader Dirksen and Vice
President Nixon have now
publicly agreed to quell the
possibly dangerous heresy
that politicians are liable for
the consequences Of their own
acts. Having sufficiently
admired each other for their
self-abnegation, they shook
hands and wound up the
proceedings with plaudits for
j. Edgar Hoover.
In spite Of this demonstra-
ton of the club spirit in the
Senate, the unfolding of the
Soviet spy plane story con-
tinues to show an impressive
list Of American public serv-
ants who have been harmed
In the exercise of their i'm
portant duties.
With rare asperity, the
press is asking President Eli
senhower to clear up the
question Of where responsible
ity lies for authorizing the
Powers fight deep into Soviet
territory with a reconnais-
sance plane. Little attempt is
being made to minimize the
national humiliation over the
way the story is developing.
Even If they were success
9 full at home, the Eisenhower
explanations are not being
well received abroad as the
Evening star., 1960-05-11
RALPH McGILL
Were We Soon Enough in Korea?

THE Central Government
cannot defeat the Chinese
Communists by the use of
force" he said, "but can only
win the loyal, enthusiastic
and realistic support of the
people by improving the polit-
ical and economic situation
Immediately. The effective
ness and timeliness of these
Improvements will determine,
in my opinion, whether or
not the Central Government
will stand or fall before the
Communist onslaught"
1t is recorded that one Of
the ministers wept. The others
were angry.
Newspapers Of the time
were critical. They openly
charged nepotism, corruption.
and deplored the inability of
the people to have any voice.
In China. at the time, as in
Korea in our time, specula-
ton, profiteering, black mar
ket operations, manipulations
of currency. and privilege
were the rule.
So, we come back to the
grand old man, Syngman
Rhee.
And a question poses itself.
Suppose. at the time Gen.
Wedemeyer spoke, it had
been possible to depose Gen.
Chang and create a govern
ment which would have
matched the generals sug-
gestions? Could China have
been saved? Or was it then
too late?
And what about Korea?
Was Mr.. Rhee's government
so long in power the forces
of opposition, encouraged by
communism. are now too
formidable to halt?
One thing we know. 1t was
a pity. but we had to act.
The question is-was it soon
enough?
Evening star., 1960-05-11
RALPH McGILL
Question Whether Rhee's UnderIings
Became Too Strong to Halt Is Posed

Later on in this we will
call as a witness Gen. Albert
D. Wedemeyer.
One thinks first Of Syng-
man Rhee and the lines from
ShakeSpeare's Richard II:
Let us sit upon the ground
And tell sad stories of the
death of Kings:
How some have been deposed,
some slain in war,
Some haunted by the ghosts
they have deposed :"
The story of Syngman Rhee
is a sad story of the political
death of one who persevered
in the face of adversely. 1t
is the saga of a man who
lived for years on the
strength of a dream, with
courage and will-but was
depoSed.
And out of the fall of Syng-
man Rhee comes an echo
from the last agony of the old
China when Chiang's rule
was dying.
II Mr.. Rhee's dismissal did
not come too late for South
Korea to attain stability, we
may nave an answer to the
oltter controversy over Gen.
Chlang. His partisans insist
he was sold out. But the
truth is his situation was
more hopeless than Mr..
Rhee'S and for the same basic
reason. There was about him
a clique engaged in corrupt
practices. We will never know
the real faults of Mr.. Rhee,
though his virtues are IA
miliar. He, like Gen. Chang.
was hidden by those to whom
he delegated power.
Was he cruel strong-arm
man whose police were
brutal' Perhaps. Anti again.
Evening star., 1960-05-11
Naive Critics of u. S. Are Reminded
OF SoYiet's Huge Spy Operations

Fortunately, criticism from
Congress is more restrained
and sensible. The adminis-
tration has again and again
briefed members of both
parties in secret about intel
ligence activities. These are
delicate operations, but the
advantages outweigh the dis
advantages; risks must be
taken because the stakes are
high-the defense of the
United States.
Senator Lyndon johnson,
the Democratic m a jority
leader. during the course of
a splendid speech to the
Senate, said yesterday.
Espionage and intelli-
gence-gathering are not
cold war They are merely
by-products of the cold war
something that follows
logically when nations can
not trust each other. E..
''Nikita Khrushchev can
not use this incident in such
a way as to divide the Amer
ican people and to weaken
our national strength. The
American people are united
in a determination to pre-
serve our freedoms and we
are not going to be shaken
from that course"
Chairman Clarence Cam
non, Democrat, of the House
Appropriations Committee,
in a similar note of states
manship, said to the House
of Representatives that the
Central Intelligence Agency
has been admonished by Con-
greSS each year that it must
meet situations that might
result in surprise attack by
adopting effective measures.
He declared:
The American forces must
be appraised of any future
preparation for attack in
time to meet it. The plan
they have been following is
their answer to that demand.
And I want to take advan-
tage of the opportunity to
compliment and thank Direc-
tor Allen w. Dulles and his
remarkable corps for the ad-
mirable way in which they
have met the situation
through these later years.
They are entitled to the high
est commendation by the de-
partment and the Congress
and the American people.
Evening star., 1960-05-11
Exoggerotors Urged to Quit Buying
Khrushchev's MeIodromotic Rubbish

tive. Yes, it was a bad busi-
ness. But has a Communist
dictatorship that has looted
and murdered across half of
Europe now become a spot
less victim of a dreadful
scourge to peace. the United
States of America? Is the
unarmed aircraft the equiva-
lent of the bloody Russian
suppression of Hungary? Is
it possible that the home of
the most massive and malig-
nant espionage system in all
history. the Soviet Union, can
put our small efforts into
such vast discredit?
True. one unarmed aircraft
went across Soviet airspace
without the personal COM
mand of the President of the
United States. (The Presi-
dent did not personally pack
the pilots lunch kit, eitherD
But does this really suggest
that some reckless band Of
militarists has taken over the
foreign policy of the United
States?
Is there any rational con-
tent whatever in the argu-
ment that because this could
happen it follows that some
intelligence agent or colonel
could himself set of nu-
clear war? Do the people
who make such frantic sug-
gestions know anything of
the immense precautions that
would make any such thing
literally and physically i'm
possible? If a gun shop sells
a % rife without proper
safeguards, does this prove
that anybody can walk in off
the street and buy a loaded
atomic cannon?
Why don't we-and our
friends abroad-quit buying
the melodramatic rubbish
the Russians are putting
Evening star., 1960-05-11

The people who ought to
be on the side Of the United
States are doing more than
its enemies to destroy its in
f1uence as the irreplaceable
leader of the free world.
OF course, the Eisenhower
administration itself is partly
to blame: but only partly.
Hysterical exaggerations Of
its sins, both here and
abroad, are far more to
blame.
The incident of the Amer
lean spy plane" over Russia
is being inflated to manifest
absurdity.
One might think this Gov
eminent had committed the
most sordid crime of the CEN
tury. The truth, Of course, is
that a government RESPONSE
BILE for the safety of its own
people land of millions of
other peoples) has a plain
duty to run reconnaissance
over a vast, hulking and
secret power like the Soviet
Union.
The truth, of course, also
is that our first explanation
for this particular plane was
clumsy nonsense. But another
truth is that our Government
has now surely made enough
public confessions to satisfy
the most petulant here and
among the Allies. What more
do these people want our
Government to do? Must it
wallow in the very streets in
self-abasement? Must it pub
licly promise Nikita Khru-
shchev that the United States
will go to the summit as a
humble penitent so as not to
annoy Mr.. Khrushchev or
those who want a settlement
at almost any price?
There is great need to see
this episode in some perspec-