davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Amazing Document

I thought David Broder's
feature article December
25) was very good considering
what he had to work with
the amazing document of
the Joint Economic Commit
tee entitled Subsidy and
Subsidylike Programs" This
is an amazing document be-
cause it tries to subtract
apples from pears and end
up with apples.
Consider this as an ex-
ample. Table II (page 22)
Of the report sets forth the
total subsidy for "home-
owners and tenants" of $64
million. This was used in
Mr.. Broder's column. The
committee report takes the
outright direct subsidies-to-
tenants of public housing Of
$40 million and subtracts
them from items such as the
excess Of receipts over ex-
penditures Of agencies such
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30

The nature Of democratic unionism
is such that the rank and file seldom
succeed in deposing the union bosses.
There apparently will be no exception to
this rule when Dave Mcdonald stands
for reelection in February as president
of the United Steelworkers.
For union president, Mr.. Mcdonald
had relatively close call in 1857 when
80 locals Joined in nominating deter
mined Mcdonald critic, Donald c. Rar-
lex, and gave him more than 223,000
votes among the $4,000 finally cast.
Encouraged, even in defeat, Mr.. Rarick
has been more active and persistent in
his feud with the Mcdonald administra-
ton during the past four years, and
made it clear that he was coming out
for a second round. Seemingly, however,
Mr. Rarick miScalculated somewhere,
for the big unions international tellers"
have announced that not even the re-
quired 40 locals have filed support for
his nomination.
For the record, Mr.. Rarick has an
interesting explanation, namely, that
some locals favoring him suddenly
found they were unable to get the
necessary nomination certificates and
that others were adjourned before they
could take the required action. IF this
is a democracy" Mr.. Rarick says, II
want my rights" Ofhand, our sympathy
for Mr.. Rarick is greater than our belief
that there is any real democracy in big
unionism, or that he will be able to get
his hands on any so-called rights.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
The True Christmas

Your editorial on 1.-THE
True Christmas" Is gospel
truth. I feel that, If Christ
were not so wise and forgiv-
ing, He would be Mortified at
the annual other Of deSecra-
ton that we Americans spin
ourselves around in as we
make ready for His birthday.
Merchants have so played
upon our vanity for self
display, and madness for
gaudy goods that Christmas
for too many Of US Is now an
agony Of expensive prepare
ton, an orgy Of good times,
and an excess Of giving to
those whose need Is barely
fancied.
Can we put Christ back
into Christmas? Perhaps we
lack the courage; perhaps we
lack the Christ. but let US try!
]. w. Haywood, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
'Grotesque' Americans

Having toured the entire
United States and most of
the world, I have reached the
conclusion that the denizens
Of our country are among the
most grotesque in appearance
of those in existence. Perhaps
the squashed noses, the acne
faces, and the protruding alb
domenS are a necessary con-
sequence Of a hardy group
of "frontiersmen" who have
conquered the wilderness, but
such a condition is aestheti-
cally appalling. There is lit
tie wonder that a national
physical fitness program was
launched by President Eisen-
hover for the American
people.
Since, however. I do not
know of any national
measures which could be
undertaken to correct this
situation (other than the
impracticable mass plastic
surgery, I have decided to
permanently make my resi-
dence abroad.
John Cranken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30

@. May full-size pictures
of foreign postage stamps be
printed in the United States?
IN. T.
A. Black and white illus
trations Of foreign postage
stamps are permitted under
the law provided the repro
auctions are used for phila-
telic purposes only. and these
illustrations may be Of any
size. Illustrations of United
States postage stamps must
be of a size less than three
fourths or more than one
and one-half times that Of
the genuine stamps.
@. What is meant by call
ing something a Converse
ton piece"?-E. N.
A. The term is used for any
unusual or distinctive article
(picture, clothing, furniture.
etc. which is likely to attract
attention and provide q SUBJ
ject for conversation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30

Roadside Notes: When .
cold wave dips all the way
down the Keys to engulf even
Key West and bring a chill to
the lonely Dry Tortugas, the
effect on the visitor is one to
excite compassion. The citrus
men, worrying about the
fruit freezing on the trees or
in the sheds, and the vegeta-
BILE growers wringing their
hands over a few million dol
lars worth of onions, toma-
toes, carrots, lettuce, ct cetera,
are UNDERSTANDABLE sleeplesS.
But, the various and fasci-
mating variety Of purveyors to
tourists are the most indig-
nant Of all. There is nothing
more lonely than a tourist re-
sort with its beaches deserted
and its sun chairs and lounges
empty in the thinly blowing
sand. The palms wave mock
ingly in the frigid wind. The
Hobbies with their displays Of
sunglasseS, antisunburn 10
tionS, and the various items
Of gossamer costume for
beach wear, seem to be en-
barrasSed.
Every time the cold comes,
which Is not often, the citrus,
vegetable and tourist farmers
all share one common sub
ject Of conversation. They
begin to discuss whether or
not this best Of all possible
worlds may not be fitting q
bit more or less on its axis.
and If the winters are not
growing increasingly cold?
Old men and women begin to
say 1t was never like this in
their childhood.
History Says Otherwise
History refutes them, but
modern weather observation
techniques are improved, and
there Is enough new knowl-
edge to lend substance to q
theory about cycles Of weather
which some observers think
ebb and now hot and cold,
in spans Of half-a-century or
thereabouts.
The recent billiards which
brought near zero situations
to much Of the Nation, and
caused even Key West to
shiver apologetically in front
Of its visitors, was an illustra-
ton Of the eccentricities Of
what we. lump under the
heading Of weather"
There was, for example. q
day when Just one degree
separated temperatures In
Alaska and Gainesville, Fla
Anchorage, Alaska. managed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30

he came out Of these he
startled easily.
eat 80 hours his awareness
was markedly impaired and
he declared things appeared
as If he were looking through
q fog. He could not read be-
cause he could not sustain
enough interest and he said
that even talking was a chore.
When playing checkers he
became irritable If he was
reminded that it was his turn.
Eat approximately 10
hours he was more hostile
and negativistic to the prod
ding Of the attendants but
he claimed that he did this
purposely Just to provide
some comic relief The phys
biological chemical examina-
tons showed that everything
remained within normal
limits except the available
amounts Of adenylic acid, one
Of the by-products Of the
carbohydrate breakdown"
One Objective
A major purpose Of the
experiment was to investi-
gate the possible chemical
basis for the refractory men
tai disease, schizophrenia,
also sometimes attributed to
a failure in the body's nor
NAL energy-producing sys-
tenn.
1.-THE exhaustion Of the
energy transfer systems
through sleep deprivation"
says the report, ''has inter-
esting implications for the
pathophysiology Of schizo-
phrenia. Present evidence
suggests that chronic schiZo-
phrenic patients cannot mo-
billie adaptational energy
because of impairment in
these mechanisms.
This defect might be on
a genetic basis. In others it
might be the end result Of
sustained, overwhelming
anxiety or overwhelming
stress at a critical develop
mental period.
Whether this phenome-
non produced by sleepless-
ness experimentally), is COM
mon to many diseases or
only to schizophrenia now
is under study in our
laboratories"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Out of the Valley in 1861

While business forecasts Tor 1851
are mixed and guarded, there is
relatively uniform feeling that by the
second half of the year at least there
will be a significant and solid upturn.
Perhaps because they were caught with
their over-optimiSm showing year ago,
none Of the current forecaSters are
using extravagant terms In their fore
casts of the 1861 recovery rate. At the
same time, in occasional references to
longer-term prospects, they are not
retreating from the opinion that the
decade of the 1960s will be SubStan-
TALLY one Of economic growth and pros
perity-subject always to the condition
that the world itself will remain
reasonably well-behaved.
From all the sources, perhaps the
one best expressing the average Of care
full optimism is that of the National
Industrial Conference Board which
estimates that the year will begin in
'low gear" but will shift into steadily
higher gear" as 1t passes the halfway
mark. 1t summarizes by estimating 1861
as one Of the middle years" in which
the national economy will continue to
build a bridge between the highly
stimulated period Of 194O-55 and dec
ade Of prosperity yet to come.
Actually, the board has served
worthwhile purpose in reminding all
those who watch the year-to-year
charts that the 1940-55 period was one
of so-called StimulationS outside the
ordinary. World War II, the years of
pent-up demand that followed immedi-
ately, the Korean conflict, and another
period in which q return to peace and
a new administration in Washington,
provided an celebrating tonic to the
econoIny-all playing important parts in
this stimulation. Similarly, the more
recent few years have been affected by
new ctorS-among them the spectac-
ular industrial recovery Of Western
Europe and Japan, to which we con-
, tributed greatly, and by technical in
novations in production which have
been costly to research and develop
and are only on the threshold Of pay
ing their greatest returns.
As for the Spotty picture Of the past
year, there are some statistics so widely
contrasting as to seem almost con-
Trajectory. In steel, for example, the So
called operating rate production in
relation to capacity has been declining
to what is expected to be a 2O-year low
in the final week Of the year. Yet total
production from the greatly enlarged
capacity and through improved pro-
duction methods will be close to 100
million net tons, sixth highest in history.
Furthermore, steel returned to It's
traditional position of being net ex-
porter. In the overall export-import
comparison, incidentally, the Depart
ment Of Commerce figures that our
trade surplus currently is running at
an impressive $5-billion annual rate.
Business cycles do not coincide
neatly with calendar years, Of course.
But 1851 seems destined to see down.
hill glide start It's upward turn. AS of
now, this is a cheering New Years
prospect.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Constitution Cited

In the Political Mill" by
Gould Lincoln, appearing in
The Star on December az,
the following is stated:
There is nothing In the
Constitution relating to the
nominations for President
and Vice President-except,
it says the two shall not be
elected from o single State"
There is nothing in the
Constitution relating to the
stated exception. See Article
II, Section / and Amend
ments to the Constitution,
Article XII.
Frank p. Dunn.
Gould Lincoln. in his coll
umn of December %, asserts
that the Constitution forbids
the election Of the President
and the Vice President from
the same State. This Is an
entirely erroneous belief,
widely held by many persons,
even Of the stature Of Mr..
Lincoln.
The Constitutional provi-
sion is 1.-THE electors shall
meet in. their respective
States and vote by ballot for
President and Vice President,
one Of whom at least, shall
not be an inhabitant of the
State with themselves"
This provision would not
forbid, for example, the cleo
ton in 1864 Of John F. Ken
nedy Of Massachusetts, to the
Presidency and election Of
his brother, Robert Kennedy
Of the same State to the Vice
Presidency. And the only
State in the Union whose
electors would be barred by
this provision Of the Consti-
tuition from voting for both
Of them would be those Of
Massachusetts.
Sounds silly, doesn't it? But
1t was not silly in the cir
cumstances obtaining at the
time it was written into the
Constitution (1804) by men.
believe 1t or not. of great in
tellectual stature.
Those wishing to know the
reason this limiting clause
was inserted in the Twelfth
Amendment should read the
Congressional proceedings in
cident to the adoption Of the
resolution submitting the
amendment to the States.
The writer has long been
an admirer Of Mr.. Lincoln's
interesting and penetrating
articles.
Arthur Orr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry tOrtteTS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condensG-
ton. Those not used iUil be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied By self . addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Holiday Rumors'

In your editorial, Holiday
Rumors," you say 1t is wholly
unbelievable" that President
Eisenhower might have sug-
gested that Douglas Dillon
should get q written COM
mitment" on fiscal policy
from Mr.. Kennedy before
consenting to serve as his
Secretary Of the Treasury.
I quite agree, and yet wasn't
it Just as unbelievable what
the President took from his
own Secretary Of the Treas
ury in January 1857? The
unbelievable happened, when
Secretary George M. Hum
phrey denounced the budget
that President Eisenhower
had already submitted to
Congress. The Secretary Of
the Treasury said that unless
his Chiefs budget was cut
we would have q depression
that will curl your hair" It
ended by the Presidents sub
mission to the views Of his
subordinate. Perhaps, then, it
is less far-fetched than you
think for Mr.. Eisenhower to
think that the Secretary Of
the Treasury can call the
shots and force his Chief to
submit.
Your editorial also claims
there's nothing TO the news"
about the impending resigna-
ton Of William McChesney
Martin as chairman OF the
Federal Reserve Board. But
your own staff writer Lee M.
Cohn wrote in your Novem-
Der 81 issue about Mr..
Martins "skepticism" about
the President-esect's use Of
the word coordination" and
readiness Ito fight back" If
domination" Is the true
meaning. This unprovoked
challenge on the part Of Mr..
Martin Is also unbelievable,
and yet 1t happened.
Your Mr.. Cohn was wrong
in saying Mr.. Martin had
won his showdown battles
with Congress" at least as far
as one occasion is concerned.
Testifying before the Senate
Finance Committee on Au-
gust 16, 1857, Mr.. Martin was
giving Senator Russell B.
Long q hard time by refusing
to give direct answers to
simple questions. Mr.. Martin
certainly did not win in that
Showdown battle" when he
tried to palm OF the battling
view that while there v'ere
hardly any specific shortages
Of goods supposed to be
pursued by too much money,
there still was a general
shortage. Mr.. Martin insisted
that aggregate demand" was
excessive even though he
could point to only excep-
tional cases where there was
no oversupply Of goods or
capacity, reminding one Of
the weeping shopkeeper who
says he Is losing money on
every item sold but expects to
make q profit If he sells
enough.
Mr.. Martins frantic en-
phasis on the dangers Of
Imitation" came at q poor
time when the recession Of
1957-58 had already begun.
He warned that catastrophe
was around the corner If
spending was not curtailed,
just when declining spending
was bringing economic recess
sion.
His Judgment was poor,
and this was openly dis
played before the world. It
is no wonder If he is ponder
ing now whether or not to
resign.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
How Lack of Sleep Affects People

The chemistry" Of sleep
apparently is q significant
factor in human behavior.
Relations between brain
cell chemical reactions and
progressive mental changes
brought about by 10 days
without slumber have just
been reported to the Ameri-
can Psychiatric Association
by DR.. Elliot D. Luby and his
associates Of Wayne Univer-
Sity and the Lafayette Clinic
Of Detroit.
They were investigated In
o volunteer student subject
kept continuously awake. A
temporary condition eventu-
ally resulted quite similar to
the refractory mental disease,
schizophrenia. In the past
many Investigators have
sought in vain for definite
physiological effects Of sleep
lesSneSS.
The overall effect reported
by DR.. Luby was that brain
cells were less and less able
to mobilize energy in re-
Spouse to the stresses of
daily living. This resulted
from q profound disturbance
in the metabolism Of carbo-
hydrates in food. These car,
bohydrates - starch and
sugar-like materials-are the
fuels Of life, mental and
physical. In normal metab-
olism they are broken down,
or burned. into carbon di-
oxide and water, in which
forms they are secreted.
Human Guinea Pig
In the course of this break
down, a substance known as
adenosine triphosphate is
formed. This provides the
energy required for body
cells, including brain neu-
rons. AS the period of sleep
lessness progressed. this
physiological chemical pro-
cess became less and less af-
fective, according to the re-
port.
The subject, q volunteer
medical student, remained in
the hospital throughout the
study. He was observed con-
tinuously by two attendants
on three shifts who made
certain that he stayed awake.
At. ran dom times he was
tested, mentally and physi-
cally by the hospital staff. At
no time was he given any
drugs, beyond vitamin sup
plements to his food.
AS the experiment pro-
crossed, according to DR..
Luby's report, progressive
symptoms were observed:
Nausea, vomiting and con-
stipation were prominent.
The early morning hours were
the most difficult in which to
stay awake and the subject
began to develop a feeling Of
'cobwebs in his head There
was increasing difficulty OF
concentrating on newspaper
material and he was aware Of
something lacking in his gen.
eral state Of alertnesS. He
complained that his extremi-
ties were getting very heavy,
"At 70 hours of wakeful-
ness the gastrointeStinal re-
action apparently was at its
peak. He said he was SO sick
he couldn't even think. He
also had illusions, mistaking
inanimate objects for people,
There were no Authorizations,
He had several blackout per-
iods during which he fel
asleep while talking When
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Kennedy's Cabinet

The appointment by Presi-
dent-elect Kennedy Of two
Republicans to his cabinet
raises some questions as to
how this jibes with his views
of our system Of political
parties.
In his speech on January
IA. 1860, before the National
Press Club, Senator Kennedy
said: Is. If Ia President
blurs the issues and differ
ences between the parties
If he neglects the party
machinery and avoids his
party's leaderShip-then he
has not only weakened the
political party as an instru-
ment Of the democratic
process-he has dealt q blow
to the democratic process
ITSELF"
What Senator Kennedy
said then was sound doc
trine, and 1t Is sound doctrine
today. In his work on 1.-THE
Modern State" MacIver said.
Party is the only means by
which the ultimate political
sovereign. which Iisl at
most q fiuctuating majority.
can definitely control gov
eminent"
Considering the appoint
ments Of Mr.. Dillon and Mr..
Mcnamara, 1t may be asked
how Senator Kennedy recon-
Giles his words Of last Janu-
airy with his actions Of today.
Mr.. Dillon obviously does
not intend to debase his
party affiliation. He was
careful to secure President
Eisenhower's and Vice Presi-
dent Nixon'S consent to his
acceptance Of Senator Ken
nedy's offer. Furthermore,
when asked how he will feel
working with a cabinet full
Of Democrats, he replied
frankly. though uncautiously.
II wouldn't be the only one.
Mr.. Mcnamara is with me
in that same position"
The appointment Of two
Republicans, one Of whom at
least is an important party
contributor, is an event which
puzzles the will" Should we
expect these good Republic
cans to carry out the policies
and programs Of the Demo-
cratic platform, and do 1t
with enthusiasm, devotion
and skill. or should we have q
repetition of the experience
Of Martin P. Durkin, Presi-
dent Eisenhower's first Sec
rotary Of Labor?
Cabinet members are not
mere technicians. The i'm
portant decisions they make
are Of q political character.
rejecting the will Of the
party in power, and the tech
nical work is done by some
one else. Otherwise, the party
platform and policies would
be meaningless.
1t has been said that Mr..
Dillon and Mr.. Mcnamara
are the best available men.
This is a perple3ng state
ment. Presumably, it does not
mean that the Democrats are
without men qualified to run
the Government, for, if this
were the case, the Democratic
Party would be in q sad state
indeed. What it would ap-
pear to mean is that, since
a prior decision had been
made to include Republicans
in the cabinet, Mr.. Dillon
and Mr.. Mcnamara were
everything considered, the
best available men.
Members Of opposing par
ties have, of course, been in
cluded in cabinets before
and this has given the prac-
tice a certain sanction
though regrettably so. What
has made it so odd in this
instance is that Mr.. Ken.
needy, who knows his politica'
theory, should nevertheless
have succumbed to an un'
sound practice.
Leon ], SteCk, =,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30

as the Federal Home Loan
Bank Board and the Federal
Housing Administration
which by no stretch Of the
imagination could be con-
sidered subsidized operations.
John C. williams,
Director, National Asso-
citation Of Real Estate
Boards.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-30
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer, By
mail. to any question Of fact by
writing The Star Information Blu
4. b. c. Please inciose return post
age or self-addressed. stamped
envelope.
Milford chronicle., 1960-10-28
The Ant
And The
Cricket

Like the cricket that sings in
the spring, the government of Del
aware has for the past 8 years
been living it up with little
thought of the future" said Rich
ard M. Clendaniel of Lincoln, Re-
publican candidate for Comptrol-
Ter.
"And like the singing cricket,
the state has come to point where
1t must face the rigors of winter.
Its becoming ever more diff
cult for Delaware to raise money.
Bond buyers and taxpayers are
getting fed up with q state which
spends money like drunken sail
or. It's time to sober up" contin-
ued Mr.. Clendaniel.
Sober government operation
means business-type set up and
civil service, among other things.
The way to get the job done is to
elect John Rollins -as Governor,
and back him up with Republican
officials right down the line.
Remember, when you vote Re-
publican, the money that's going to
be saved will be your own!"
Milford chronicle., 1960-10-28
DACSBORO
Mrs. Marguerite Gray
Phone Rodney $40

Flowers in Bethel Church Sun
day morning were given through
the generosity of Mrs. Everett
Toomey,
The Fall Youth Conference will
meet October %, 20, 80, at Prin-
cess Anne, Md.
Sunday evening, October 80, at
7:30 p. M, special service will
be held in Christ Church on Spir-
itual Life Retreat Three churches
will be participating. Every one is
welcome
Mrs. Mccoy JONES will be the
guest speaker at the Sunday eve-
ming service October 80 in the
Salem Methodist Church, Selby-
vile.
Mrs James Burton and children
Dona, Judy and Debby of Oxford
Pa, spent from Wednesday until
Sunday with her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Willard West.
| Mr. and Mrs. Peter Violi of Bal
timore spent the beginning of the
week with the West family.
Mrs. Pauela Helm of Manahaw.
kin, N. j., and Mrs. Jean Sutol
of Wilmington spent few days
the past week with Mr.. and Mrs
Frank Glover.
The Dagsboro Halloween par
ade and street dance will be hel6
Monday night, October 81. TIL,
parade will start at 700 p. m.
with the dance following the par