davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Network Offer
Vetoed by Union

CHICAGO. Nov. 10 (AP). -
All three regions of the Ma
tional Board of American Fed
GRAFTON of Television and Radio
Artists have voted down the
most recent contract offer of
the country's major television
and radio networks.
The Eastern region board
members rejected the offer
Wednesday, Western region did
SO Thursday and the Central
region, yesterday.
Raymond A. Jones, the
AFTRA central region chief,
said the three groups have
voted to strike.
Il don't know when or where
the strike will begin" he said,
but I do know Thine last net
work proposal has been voted
down."
The AFTRA and the Screen
Actors Guild are holding joint
negotiations with four net
work arrangements for a new
contract. A central point OF
contention is a union demand
that actors appearing in COM
mercials be paid on a formula
which considers the number OF
listeners or viewers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Slides to Show
Historic Scenes

John c. Leuhardt will
show slides of highlightS of
history at a meeting of the
Community and Allied Arts
League from 3 to 5 pm. to-
morrow at the Alva Belmont
Hotel. IA Constitution avenue
N. E. The slides will be narrated
by Mrs. -Mapheus Smith.
Jon ODonnell, instructor
of English at George Wash
ington University. will discuss
the relationship of history to
miracle plays and chancel
drama.
Members of the Capitol Hill
Players will be present at the
program which will include DR..
Leite owen Kildare. She will
discuss her historic collection of
fans, including fan by Benve-
nuto Cellini.
The Community and Allied
Arts League is an inter-faith
good will project featuring
cooperation in constructive
activities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Americas Financial Awakening

service people in Europe and
Japan to come home. The
measure is estimated to save
us some 81 billion, but it Is
only a drop in the bucket.
Although nobody talks
openly as yet about a re-
duction Of the armed forces
in Europe--which would save
us more gold-this contin-
gency is being mentioned in
some fiscal quarters. The
presence Of five American
divisions in Germany is no
longer essential. Before the
outbreak of the Korean war
we had only two divisions.
The Red aggression in Korea
caused concern that the Rus
slams might also contemplate
an attack on Western
Europe. To forestall any
surprise we dispatched three
additional divisions to Ger
many.
The situation in Germany
is now changed. The Ger
mans will have u full. di-
visions by early next year.
Increased firepower makes
heavy contingents less neces-
sary. While automatically
and psychologically a reduce
ton of American forces to
what they were before 1850
might be unsatisfactory from
the military point of view,
the strength of NATO would
not be affected.
The gold crisis which has
been known to technicians
for more than a year is seri-
Gus. But politicians have
swept it under the rug lest
it create some discomfort
among the American people
who had been fed the pap
"you never had it so good"
The next administration is
not likely to interfere with
the pattern of foreign as
sistance. If anything. it is
likely to increase it by adj
ditional funds to Latin Amer
lea and underdeveloped areas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19

away earlier than expected,
shouted abuse at the immigra-
ton officials.
The deportation of the two
men had prompted widespread
protests. Newspapers here Joined
in. and Senator Morse. Demo-
crat of Oregon, made a plea
to President Eisenhower. 1t
went unheeded. Senator Morse
called the deportations unhu-
name.
The Government began its
proceedings against Mr.. Mackie
in 1852, contending he had been
a member of the Communist
Party from 1887 to 1910. Mr..
Mackie, like Mr.. MacKay. said
he had been a member of the
Workers alliance, an organiza-
ton he said was trying to get
unemployment relief in the
1930s. After hearinfs, the I'm
migration Service held that
Mr.. Mackie and Mr.. MacKay
had been members of the Com
munist Party. Years Of court
appeals followed.
Mr.. MacKay was accused of
being a Communist Party men,
Der from 1886 to 194l. He is a
carpenter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Census Director
Cites Striking
Growth of u. S.

Robert w. Burgess, Director
of the Census. last night called
Americas population Jump
from 3,929,O00 persons in 1890
to 17s,SO0,Ooo in 1860 zone of
the most striking instances of
national growth in the worlds
history"
Speaking before the Phi Beta
Kappa Association of the Dis
trict of Columbia. DR.. Burgess
said the population gain of
more than % million inhabi-
tants in the past decade is
substantially larger than the
gain in any previous decade
DR.. Burgess attributed vary
ing growth rates to the devel-
oping exploitation of mineral
resources. expanding agricul-
ture and some attraction OF
tourists or retired individuals.
Housing gains in the past
decade were termed noteworthy
by DR.. Burgess.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19

represents a return to the "
which purported to achieve re-
uniflcation of Laos.
On November 80 of that year
Prince Souvanna formed a CO.
alition cabinet with the Pathet
Lao after long negotiations, CIV
ing cabinet posts to his pro-
Communist half brother Prince
Souvanna Wong and his deputy
The agreements provided for
the disbanding of Pathet Lao
armed units which controlled
the two northern provinces of
Phong Sally and Sam Neua ex-
cept two battalions which were
to be integrated into the Royal
Laotian army.
Disputes led to the rebellion
of one of these battalions in
the spring of 1859 and to the
Laotian crisis later in the sum-
mer.
Earlier, the government OF
pro-Western Phoui Sananikone
had ousted the two Pathet Lac
members from the cabinet.
The situation differed then lr
that the royal government die
not have to fight on two fronts
Now, neutraliSt Souvanna j:
faced with rebellion from the
right wing under former De.
Tense Minister Gen. Phoum
Nosavan which controls an un.
determined but important fol.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
RALPH McGHL

Throughout the campaign,
John Kennedy insisted that,
If elected, he definitely in
tends to name to every ma
jor ambassadorial position
men who speak the language
of the country. This would
apply to such nations as
Germany. Italy, France, Rus
STA and the larger Latin
American capitals.
Furthermore, he said, he
will recruit specialists from
private life who have served,
or are prepared to serve. in
underdeveloped lands. Amer
lea must send missionaries to
live and work with the peo-
ple-without benefit of PIX
shopping or life in q small
American colony. They. must
live and demonstrate the
meaning of our country.
Thirdly. he will seek to per-
suade the Congress to make
appropriations for foreign
aid, economic especially.
across a period of years, three
or four. The present system
Of annual allotments has. he
believes, been one Of the
basic weaknesses in our as
sistance programs.
The first two proposals will
mean a substantial reorgani-
cation in the State Depart
ment. 1t will be greeted with
enthusiasm by the younger
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
State Department Reorganization Seer
II ENJOYS Must Speak the Language

career men and many OF the
older ones. It Is no secret
at all that too many men of
talent and ability have quit
Federal service in the last
six years and that too often
their requirements were men
whose only qualification was
a campaign contribution or
availability. One Of the most
melancholy of these was the
appointment of an ambassa-
dor to Ceylon who was not
sure where the country was
located and did not even
know the name Of its premier.
Without question, some of
these appointments seriously
deprecated our prestige and
position. The Congress almost
certainly will go along with
the new President in this
reorganization. It, too, has
long entertained the idea
that "State" needed over
hauling. Domestically. too.
there must be change.
Republican candidate for
the Vice Presidency. Henry
Cabot Lodge disturbed Mr..
Nixon by pledging to name
a Negro to the Cabinet If
the G. o. P. were elected.
He had to retract, saying he
could not make any such
pledge. The national COM
mittee was annoyed.
This was but one example
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
osAWaitinq
NewCabinet

VIENTIANE. Nov. 10 (AP).
This uneasy Laotian capital
anxiously awaited today the
return of neutralist Premier
Prince Souvanna Phouma from
conferences in Sam Neua> with
his half-brother Prince Sou
wanna Wong, leader of the pro-
Red Pathet Lao.
The result of the confer
ences may show how far left
the Premier is willing to go to
combat the mounting threat of
right-wing rebel Gen. Phoumi
Nosavan's forces in the south.
Prince Souvanna Phouma
flew to Sam Neua yesterday
after announcing his readiness
to form a coalition cabinet
with the Reds. He also has
agreed to Pathet Lao demands
that Laos accept economic aid
from Red China and Commu-
mist North Wet Nam.
The pattern Of last weeks
events appears to be solidify-
ing Laos many-cornered civil
war into a two-way struggle
between Gen. Phoumi's un-
compromisingly anti-Commu-
mist regime in the south and
a coalition of Souvanna' s
forces and the Pathet Lao in
the center and north.
The fall of the royal capital
of Luang Prabang and defec-
ton of Souvanna Phouma's
m m a n d e r-in-chief, Gen.
Duane Rathikone, last week,
strengthened Phoumi Nosa-
vans hand and left the Pre-
mier with little or no room for
compromise.
His decision to accept Pathet
Lao demands for a coalition
government and appeal to Red
China and North Wet Nam for
aid were regarded here as di-
rect offshoots of these devel-
opments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Government Discovers Gold Crisis,
But Aid Is Expected to Continue
CONSTANTINE BROWN

imports. with the resulting
outflow Of dollars.
Foreign manufacturers as
a rule do not accept payment
in raw materials but insist
on American currency which
represents calls on our gold
reserves. This aspect of trade
is only partially responsible
for the outflow Of gold. One
major contributing factor is
the average of 81 billion
yearly foreign aid program
which the succeeding admin
istrations insisted was essen
tial for our own defense.
Another is the export of tens
of billions of private capital
abroad where it found better
earning power because OF
lower taxes and cheaper la
Dor than at home.
The amount of foreign aid
appropriated by Congress for
the fiscal year 1861 is equal
to the amount of gold which
has flown out of the country
during 1860.
In order to help out the
industries Of our allies Con-
greSs passed a law known
some years back as "offshore
procurement" 1t provided
that the needs Of our armed
forces and those of our allies
be supplied by factories and
labor in Europe and Japan.
There was some sense for
this measure several years
back when industries in
friendly countries had to be
encouraged. But now. when
the trend is for a slowing
down Of our production and
when we are facing a gold
crisis. there is no reason why
this should continue.
President Eisenhower, in
order to halt partially the
outflow of gold. ordered a
number Of dependents Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Britain Ends Droft,
Effective Since 1889

LONDON, Nov. 10 (AP).-
Britain ended the draft yester-
day and freed civilians from
military obligations for the first
time in 81 years. Compulsory
military service had existed
without a break since 1889.
John Hare, Minister of Labor
and National Service, an
nounced the windup in the
House of Commons.
British defense planning now
calls for a highly trained pro-
fessional army of around 1861
900.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19

After 20 years of spending
on a scale unprecedented in
the history of the world. this
Nation has awakened with
the headache that comes on
the morning after the night
before.
Our Government discov-,
cred all of q sudden what had
been known in financial quar-
tiers in Europe for some time.
that there is little. If any.
gold of our own left at Fort
Knox.
This was inevitable, for no
nation, however rich and
prosperous, can go on SPEND
ing money indefinitely with
out finding itself eventually
in trouble. No nation in the
world has inexhaustible re-
sources; no nation has ever
tried to. play the role Of At
las and carry the worlds bur-
dens on it's shoulders.
The colossal expenditures Of
the war years were necessary;
victory on which our survival
depended cannot be meas
ured in gold. We carried our
allies because their resources
were exhausted. The Mar
shall Plan, was equally essen
tial to our own survival. 1t
paid dividends. Today all
Western Europe and Japan
have not only recovered but
exceeded the prosperity Of
their prewar years.
Unfortunately. our admin
istrations did not know when
to call a halt to our inter-
national welfarism. The new
factories abroad are now
producing goods of a quality
equal to ours but way below
our cost of production. The
result has been that imports
are competing seriously with
home products. Hence, a
greatly increased volume Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Tennessee U. Agrees
To Admit Negroes

KNOXVILLE. Tenn, Nov. 10
CAP The University of Ten
nessee Board of Trustees agreed
yesterday to admit Negroes to
the University on the under
graduate level. The first will be
admitted in January at the be-
ginning of the winter quarter.
The university's graduate
school and law college have
been desegregated since 1852.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19

A $4,000 study made by a
team of management experts
for Fairfax County was char
acterized as utterly worth
less" by Supervisor Robert c.
Gotten last night.
Mr.. Gotten. an opponent OF
the study from the beginning,
said he also doubted the value
of any further studies Of the
county by efficiency experts.
Mr.. Gotten. along with
County Executive Carlton Mas
sey and two management ex-
perts, spoke before the County
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
New Policy for Ambassadors

of a curious feature Of the
G. o. P. campaign. Mr.. Lodge,
who started as an asset,
quickly proved to be of no
assistance. if not. in fact,
a liability.
However, if Mr.. Lodge had
made his approach from q
more logical background. he
might have helped. The next
President, and those who
follow, will most certainly be
wise to call on as much Negro
talent as is available to assist
this country domestically and
internationally. In a sense.
some of our chickens have
come home to rooSt. The fact
that we have not provided
education and opportunity for
Negroes has deprived us. OF
what would have been a great
weapon in the new nations
of Africa - trained Negro
specialists.
Ralph Bunche comes al
ways to mind. But the fact
that he does, merely serves
to illustrate the lamentable
lack of others like him. The
need goes deep. We rather
desperately need American
Negro teachers, home econo:
mists, nurses, and technicians
of all kinds to represent us
abroad. That they can also
be of assistance nationally is
equally true.
The suggestion that Puerto
Rico's able Luis Munoz Ma
rim be used in Latin-Ameri-
can discussions was made
four or more years ago. He5is
but another example of the
talent which this country,
rich in ethnic variety, can
call upon. "
Mr.. Kennedy is known to
be disturbed about the mum.
Der of outstanding military
men who resigned in conflict
with the administrations pol
icies. NATO has been ably
administered by Gen. Nor
stad, but he soon is to re-
tire, probably within weeks.
The Presiden t-elect is
known to believe that NATO
has economic and political
potentials which, under new
leadership and vision, might
be useful. .--s
Meanwhile, the Nation
surely has noted that South
east Asia is in ferment; that
Latin America shows new
revolutionary outbreaks, that
the Asian and African ma
lions have won an impor-
tant U. N. victory, and that
the Administration policy is
again revealed to have been
inadequate. Where the blame
lies is not important. The
fact of its inadequacy is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
'46 Beauty Weds

BEVERLY HILLS, Calf,
Nov. 10 (AP) .-Marilyn Buferd,
IS, former actress and Miss
America of 1916, was married
last night to Milton j. Stevens,
46, board chairman of Repub-
lie Transcon Industries, Inc.
The marriage was the third for
both.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19


Relatives sobbed by the run
way as immigration Service
officials put Mr.. Mackie, a
house painter. aboard an air.
liner.
This is going to be an in
teresting trip, but I hope the
American people will bring me
home pretty soon," said Mr..
Mackie who was accused by the
government of being a Com
munist in the l930s. He de-
MED it.
Wears Borrowed Coat
Mr.. Mackie wore a borrowed
overcoat as he tried to comfort
relatives and then wake d
across the runway to the air.
liner on a chill, cloudy morn
ing. He said he had only $85
in his pocket and had no idea
of what he will do when he gets
to Finland. He speaks only a
few words of Finnish and said
he knows no one there.
At San Francisco. before Mr.
Mackie started the Pan Ameri-
can polar flight to Europe, he
was given the coat of a man
whose abortive deportation
drew worldwide attention.
Mr.. Mackie was met at the
San Francisco Airport by Mrs.
William Heikkila, whose hus-
band was arrested on a San
Francisco street in 1858, rushed
by plane to Finland - then
brought back when it was dis
closed court action still was
pending.
Mr.. Heikkila died before his
case could be concluded.
Mrs. Heikkila told Mr.. Mackie
his deportation was incredibly
cruel; I'm just sick about it."
Protest Deportation
Fifty persons were at the
airport in Portland to tell Mr.
Mackie good-by and protest the
deportation. Among them was
Mr.. MacKay.
Mr.. MacKay was scheduled tt
leave at 7:30 pm. but that
flight was delayed as he was
put on an earlier plane. AS 6
result. his two sons did not gel
to say good-by to him.
Mr.. MacKay was held by i'm
migration officials in an airp,rI
Office. Just before the plane
was to depart. his wife wa
PACED. She wept as she sale
good-by to him. His 80-year'
old mother also wept. Sh'
patted him on the back as Il,
walked toward the plane.
About 80 relatives gathered a
the airport gate, realizing tina
Mr.. MacKay was being sen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Senator Chavez Set
To Leave Hospital
BY the Associated Press

Senator Chavez, Democrat Of
New Mexico, is expected to
leave Bethesda Naval Hospital
tomorrow. He entered the hos
pital earlier this week for a
physical checkup.
Senator Chavez. plans to 60
to his home here and return to
his office Monday, an aide said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
Two Lose Long Battle,
Are Deported by U. S.

PORTLAND Greg, Nov. 10 (AP).-Two Portlanders who
have spent most of their lives in this country lost their long
fight against deportation yesterday and flown out of the
country
william A. Macke ST. sent to Finland yesterday morn
ing.
Hamish Scott MacKay. S. put plane for Canada
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-19
7Stotus Seen Restored
To Reds by Laos Poet

TOKYO, Nov. 10 (AP)-Laotian Premier Souvanna
Phouma to coalition with the
Pahe Lao turns back the clock three years.
Inclusion of Communist members in the royal government
represents return to the Ventane agreements
Evening star., 1960-08-21

1t is startling, almost shocking, this new
telescoping of time, and l wondered: What
about the Oregon Trail? Why study history?
There is, perhaps, some satisfaction in
knowing that the old trail is still in use, even
10000 feet up. But is there really anything for
us to learn from the eras of the wagon masters
or the river pilots or the long centuries when
man rode horse or donkey, if he was lucky
or walked?
Civilized man has always thought SO. ITO
be ignorant of what happened before you were
born is to be ever child" said Cicero Civili
cation is man grown up, and history is his col
lective memory. We need really 60 no further
than mans own unquenchable curiosity about
himself and his past to answer the question,
Why study history? We could not do otherwise;
we are curious; we want to know about the past
simply because we want to know.
Mans nature does not seem to change
Evening star., 1960-08-21

not to be measured, however, simply in terms
of trade. Language has been called the dress
of thought" but it is really much more than
that. 1t is the principal means of thought. Be-
cause it is, bad use oflanguage -incorrectness,
vagueness, awkwardness- makes thinking it.
self bad An English novelist has remarked
that words are what we do to each other"
So long as words are really actions, actions
within our mind and actions of one mind on
another no one can be Indifferent to the way
he uses his native tongue, for his use of it is
a use of thought, and thought has its conse-
quences in action.
If the study of language were not SO i'm
portant, literature alone would make English
worth while Through the best writing of the
present and past we enter the historical COM
munity of mankind become part of tradi-
ton to which there is no other means of ac
cess. We discover at the same time the close
ness of our own lives to the lives of others,
living and dead. And in entering the universal
community, curiously enough, we find part
CONTINUED
Evening star., 1960-08-21
HISTORY?
By WAYNE C.. GROVER
Archivist Of the United States

much-the aspirations and ideals of my jet
pilot probably are much closer to those of the
emigrant wagon master than 600 miles per
hour is to 10 or Is miles per day How did we
acquire these aspirations, how did our civ
ilized society evolve, and indeed, what do we
think of it? Can we find wiser ways of carrying
it on and mprovingit?
The study of history lets us view ourselves
and our problems in terms of the long reach
of time. 1t presents to us the opportunity to
gain in wisdom, to make decisions and to act,
not blindly, but in the light of the successes
and failures of our predecessors.
Our Presidents and statesmen have gen.
orally realized this truth; and, for that reason,
the best of them have been students of history.
achieve the free, peaceful, and prosperous
world we seek only if, in addition to material
strength, I'VE . have the faith that comes
from a study of our own history, from the in
spiration of leaders like Washington and Lin
coln and what our pioneering forefathers
did" Former President Truman writes in his
Memoirs that the leader of any country, in
order to assume his responsibilities as lead
er, must know the history of not only his own
country but of all other great countries =. and
he must make an effort to apply this knowledge
to the decisions that have to be made for the
welfare ofthe people"
Why study history? Shakespeare answered
the question many years ago. What is past is
prologue"
Evening star., 1960-08-21

nearly 600 miles an
hour, we flew part of
the time along the old
Oregon Trail. Broad
mountain ranges came
into sight, skidded by
below, and vanished
behind us in less time
than it might take to
get the wagons of an
emigrant train moving.
Evening star., 1960-08-21

have proceeded to understand stars and atoms,
We have acquired sensible unified explana-
ton of how matter is built up, how it behaves,
how it is distributed in the vastness of space.
Many people believe that physics is COM
plicated 1t is not But it is surprising. 1t con-
tains ideas and concepts more unexpected
than anything you will find in science fiction.
And the strangest fact is that all the incredible
statements of which modern physics is COM