davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-12

In an article in The Star
of September 80, Walter
Hendrix. owner Of a restau-
rant on Route 301. was
quoted as saying that CO.
lonial Beach, Va, is now a
ghost town, bankrupt and
starving to death, since the
slot machines left the Vir-
ginia shores.
Colonial Beach is not a
ghost town. because of the in
creased number Of new fam
lilies constantly moving to
Colonial Beach to partici-
pate in the fine life offered
by this community.
Growth in Colonial Beach
is evidenced by the building
of a new addition to the
school, at a cost Of 100000;
a new fire department, at a
cost of so to so thousand
dollars; and a new church
that will cost approximately
$250,O00.
In the last 80 days the
building of 3 new homes has
begun and applications for
additional building permits
have been received. The Bank
of Westmoreland has more
money on deposit than they
have had for many years.
Merchants are reporting
profits equal to or in excess
of those of previous years
when slot machines we're on
the Virginia shores. Two new
businesses, have been estab-
lished since Labor Day; the
outlook is good.
I challenge Mr.. Hendrix to
name one business in the
town of Colonial Beach that
has gone into bankruptcy,
point to one person that is
starving to death, or to des-
ignate where one ghost can
be found.
Bernard F. benson,
Mayor. Town of Colonial
Beach.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
1-Mon Truth Squod'

Attempting to refute in
accuracies uttered during
political campaigns comes
under the head of thankless
and unrewarding business
but I would like to make one
more try in that direction. In
a recent letter to The Star,
81. D." wrote: I'VE agree
with Vice President Nixon
that the Federal Government
should stay out of the picture
where paying the salaries of
teachers is concerned"
I am pretty certain that
Mr.. Nixon and IL. D." both
know that the Federal Gov
ernment has been contribut-
ing directly to secondary
school teachers salaries ever
since enactment of the Smith
Hughes Act in 1917. BY the
original act the salaries IF
teachers in vocational agri-
culture, home economics and
trades and shops were aug
mented by contributions from
the Federal and State treas
uries. In some instances the
Federal contribution was half
of the teachers salary and
the local school district
actually paid nothing. The
act has been amended and
extended in recent years and
now affects schools in every
State, all of our territories
and the District Of Columbia.
I was informed by the
United States Office of Edu-
cation that in 1859, over
100000 students were en-
rolled in the classes Of the
Smith h-Hughes program. Most
were high school students. In
spite of such evidence, I am
pretty sure that many people,
possibly including Mr.. Nixon
and 81. D." will continue to
insist that we should not
start Federal aid for teachers
salaries, a practice which
is not far from half a century
old. I don't know how IL. D."
could have missed it but al
most one-fourth of those who
have graduated from our
public high schools since 1917
must have taken one or more
Smith, Hughes, Federally sup
ported courses.
Charles L. Stout.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Muted Doos

A recent newspaper story
about the poor. pathetic
dogs $50 of them whose
vocal cords were clipped, to
prevent barking, by their
owner. because they were US
ing their voices in the man
ner their Creator intended
was so shocking that this
writer was reduced to a state
of numbness. The school
teacher in the community
who complained had a valid
complaint but surely the
parties involved, including
their owner. the teacher and
the judge should have been
capable of a more humane
solution, after "a years liti-
CATION.
Are there no humane So
cieties In Virginia which may
have helped? Are there no
laws on the book to prevent
such cruelty, and to punish
the guilty? How could the
owner do such a thing to
such wonderful loyal crea-
lures, and e sPecially her
own? Is her business of dog
breeding just a matter of
dollars and cents with no
feeling for those helpless
creatures who were COM
pletely at her mercy? How
will she be able to stand the
pathetic pleading in their
eyes land anyone with a be-
loved pet will understand
just what that pleading is
like) when they want to tell
her that, as protector of her
and her property, there is
someone around with no le-
gitimate business, or that
they hurt in some way; or
even that they love her (dogs
also bark approvaD in spite
Of the butchery on their vocal
cords?
A member Of the
Washington Humane
Society.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
WATCHING THE WORLD
Allies Weigh u. S. Confidence
BY CROSBY S. NOYE
Foreign Correspondent Of The stor

future American performance
than by their confidence in
what the next few years may
bring.
For his part, French Presi-
dent de Gaulle bases his PLAN
ming on the assumption that
sooner or later American
power will be withdrawn from
Europe. His proposals for re-
organizing NATO and setting
up the machinery for a Eu-
ropean confederation repre-
sent, in his view, no more
than a logical preparation for
this eventual American re-
treat. To the degree that it
cannot continue to rely on
American military power, Eu-
rope must build its own de-
terrent strength. To the de-
gree that it is dissatisfied
with the direction and results
Of American diplomacy, Eu-
rope must develop a clear and
coherent policy Of its own.
Adenauer Worried
In Germany and most of
the other countries of the al
lance, the apprehenSions are
the same. even though the
answers may be quite differ
ent. Chancellor Adenauer
does not disagree with Gen.
de Gaulle when it comes to
the chances Of American
withdrawal from Europe. If
anything, he is more worried
about this possibility than
his French colleague. His
objections to Gen. de Gaulle's
proposals are very largely
nased on his fear that they
would, in fact, precipitate a
departure of American fore
es. And it will take all the
persuasive powers that the
French can muster to per-
suade him that his fears are
unfounded.
Quite apart from consider
atoms of prestige then, the
. question of confidence in
United States, its leadership
and its capabilities lies at
the heart of the current ma
laise in this part of world.
1t may be going too far to
say that this confidence to-
day is at an all-time low.
But it is significant that those
leaders who place the great
est reliance on the United
States are the ones most
concerned about the present
trend.
Quite certainly, the decline
In confidence will continue
until there is a clear new
definition of American pur-
pose and a convincing dem
onStration of American reso-
luton. Perhaps these can
not be provided in the con-
fusion and uncertainty of an
election campaign. But If
the Atlantic Community is
to survive. it is one of the
most urgent tasks facing the
new President.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
QUEMOY AND MATSU
Audience Reacts to Great Debate

ments. Senator Kennedy
had cited the views of sew
eral people. including Secre-
tary of State Herter, that
the islands were strategically
indefenSible. Mr.. Nixon's an
swer was to bring up the case
OF Korea, as if there were
any similarity between this
and the subject under dis
cussion. To quote from the
October 8 Baltimore Sun,
Here as elsewhere Mr..
Nixon's appeals to emotion,
though DETER than his emo
tional efforts on the stump,
led him far afield, as did,
too, his determination not to
see the country's affairs in an
unpleasant light"
The main point, according
to Mr.. Nixon, is that the two
islands are in the AREA Of
freedom" whatever that
means. But this is not the
main point according to the
1855 Formosa Resolution
authorized by Congress,
whose deliberations Mr..
Nixon ISLANDERS with the
phrase woody thinking" BY
this resolution, Congress au-
thorized the President ito
employ the armed forces of
the U. S. as he deems neces-
sary for the specific purpose
= OF securing and protecting
Formosa and the Pescadores
against armed attack, this
authority to include the Sc
curing and protecting of such
related positions and terri
tories of that area now In
friendly hands and the tax
ing of such other measures
as he judges 30 be required
or appropriate in assuring the
defense of Formosa and the
PeScadores." While he was
Undersecretary Of State, Mr..
Herter told the National
Guard Association that Que
moy and Matsu are mot stra-
logically defensible in the
defense of Formosa. Secre-
tary Dulles said it was fool
ish" for Chang Kai-shek to
put so many troops there
and. If I recall correctly,
the President agreed with
him. Senator Green, chair
man of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee at the
time, although you took issue
with him, emphasized that
the Formosa Resolution called
for the defense of the two
little pieces of real estate"
as they are called now. only
if the President deemed this
essential for the defense of
Formosa.
Stephen Rock.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
u. N. Rules FIouted

Some years ago The Star
reprinted remarks of mine
interpreting then Secretary
Of State Acheson's comment
concerning the barbarian
Chinese Communists" as q
step toward re-acceptance of
the historic policy of this
Nation with respect to non-
civilized nations. The latter,
relying on brute force or
deceit to accomplish their
aims. and being, in general,
untrustworthy, were not ac-
cepted-"recognized"-in the
family of nations. 1t was
emphasized that by no ac-
ceptable definition. quoting
numerous ones, could the
present Russian or Peoples"
Chinese governments be con-
sidered civilized" The last
public speech of Secretary
Dulles before his death was
in the same tenor. He OBJ
served that Communist gov
ernments refuse to abide by
the rule of law" IA basis Of
western civilization and that
the United Nations cannot
survive" indefinitely such a
double standard"
The advent Of Castro. Lu-
mumba. and other Soviet
sycophants, merely increases
the disrespect for the rules Of
the U. N. Club. The new ma
tions might make some effort
to live up to the rules and
standards of that club If to
do so were truly a condition
of membership. Instead. some
are ganging up with the
Russian czar to bring in still
another who intends to make
sport of the club standards
the dictatorship in China.
How many more Communist
victories are necessary before
those nations who believe
that the rule of law can
supplant force will realize
that the U. N. either must
again become an exclusive
group of civilized nations
with this objective, or it must
be turned over to those who
are de-civilizing mankind?
The next historic leader in
this country will be one who
recognizes this, and acts ac-
cordingly.
VI n-nku~, Sv..i1L
Evening star., 1960-10-12

Mr.. Nixon during the sec
ond of the Great Debates, "
said in effect: Quemoy and
Matsu are insignificant pieces
of real estate. The few peo-
pie on them do not matter
much. However, they must be
defended for the sake of prin-
ciple. the principle of free
dom.
Do people exist for the sake
of a principle or principles
for the sake of people?
Senator Kennedy, of course,
in the event of an attack on
the Chinese Nationalist Gov
ernment, stated that he would
abandon Quemoy and Matsu
altogether. Military strategy,
he feels, would demand For
moSa as the line of demarca-
ton. This, for three reasons:
% The two islands are. stra-
logically speaking, insignifi-
cant and indefensible. (2)
These two small islands would
be sacrificed before they
could precipitate a global
conflict; in other words, we
can carry the principle Of
freedom" to unreasonable
lengths. 90 Our aim, clear to
the entire world, would be
specifically to defend the Ma
tionalist Government on For
, moSa.
The above represents, to
my knowledge, the positions
of the two candidates. And
withal, I credit Mr.. Kennedy
with more compassion for the
inhabitants of Quemoy and
Matsu than Mr.. Nixon ex-
presses, in his concern for
the principle of freedom"
Robert F. Clark
u u
I have a question for Sena-
tor Kennedy. In the second
debate" he said that Quemoy
and Matsu were believed to
be militarily indefensible and
he indicated that we should
therefore withdraw our sup
port from those islands. 1t
might also be said that West
Berlin is indefensible from a
military standpoint, sur
rounded as it is by hostile
forces. Would Senator Ken
nedy advocate that the Un-
tied States withdraw. then.
from West Berlin and leave
1t to the Communists I ask
this in all sincerity and
would hope that at sometime
during this campaign he will
make his position clear on
what he believes should be
United States policy concern
ing defense of any part Of
the free world.
Curious
Your October 8 editorial,
"Nixon's Round" says Mr..
Nixon was especially effec-
tive" in the exchange con-
corning the defense of Que
moy and Matsu. and that
Senator Kennedy did not
quite get through" with
some of his answers and
comments. Something did
not get through" to you or
you would have noticed that
the point where you thought
Mr.. Nixon effective" was
where he exhibited some
very woody thinking" to use
his term applied to others
with whom he disagreed
without meeting their argu-
Evening star., 1960-10-12
PARIS.

EAfb1O.
AS seen from Europe, at
least. some of the turnings of
the American political CAM
paign are not easy to follow.
When Senator Kennedy
and Vice President Nixon ar
que about the state Of Ameri-
can prestige in the world it is
hard to be sure exactly what
they are talking about-or,
indeed, if they are talking
about the same thing. For
Senator Kennedy, 1t seems to
be largely a matter Of how we
are doing in the competitive
power struggle with Russia,
for Mr.. Nixon 1t is more a
question of the emotional
image which we present to
others. Both men seem to feel
that the goings-on in the
United Nations provide an
accurate index of where we
stand.
Prestige, however, is a
vague asset, hard to define
and harder still to measure.
1t can hardly be boiled down
to a couple of votes in the
U. N. where American influ-
ence is, at best, only one of
many factors which deter
mine the outcome. Even DR..
Gallup would have a hard
time deciding on the basis of
sample opinions whether
American prestige was either
as Mr.. Nixon contends-at
an all-time high or-as Sena-
tor Kennedy would have it
at an all-time low.
Not ReaSsuring
So far as the rest of the
world is concerned the argu-
ment is pretty much beside
the point. 1t is not so much a
matter of what others may
think of us in comparison to
what they think of the Rus
slams or the Chinese. What
concerns our friends a good
deal more is what we think
ourselves about our capabili-
ties and our purpose in the
world. And confidence in
American leadership depends
entirely on our ability to
translate these aims into
practical and effective action.
On this score the evidence
available to anyone travelling
in Europe is hardly reassur-
ing. In the developing crisis
that is affecting the whole
Atlantic Community today,
the question of reliance on
the United States for leader
ship, inspiration and even
military security is all i'm
portant.
Today the comfortable as
sumptions that have provided
the basis for the community
since World War. II are being
challenged as never before.
1t is a simple fact that most
European leaders today are
being guided more by their
anxieties and doubts about
Evening star., 1960-10-12

Shakespeare said it better
than I can:
But Man. proud man,
Dressed in a little brief
authority
Most ignorant of what he's
most assured,
His CLASSY essence, like an
angry ape
Plays such fantastic tricks
before high heaven
AS make angels weep! ! I
CMeasure for Measure" Act
II, scene %
Why not state editorially
that we will hold the next
summit when there is a new
premier in the Kremlin?
c. A. McHugh.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Inroods of Traffic

The death of Little Falls
Park, the pretty little wooded
area of Massachusetts, ave-
nue., Just above Westmore-
land circle, seems an espe-
cially ironic victory of the
automobile over the people.
In an area where the children
have so few places except the
street in which to play. the
authorities have again CON-
pounded the mistake by cut
ting Little Falls Parkway di-
rectly dead center through
the only nearby park. Rec
reational facilities behind
Westbrook School took on an
extra hazard with the build
ing Of this road so near its
Fairgrounds.
But the saddeSt note in the
whole snatch was the ruth
less blowing under of the new
little seedlings and small
trees planted by the Camp
fire Girls after the disastrous
fire which swept down the
line of trees near the creek
a year or so ago. How can
we teach our children to con-
slider the needs of a genera
ton to come when it takes
us only six months to wipe
out their efforts in conserva-
ton? We certainly gave them
an early lesson in the fu-
tility Of trying to preserve
our beautiful dwindling
countryside from the inroads
of traffic.
Evening star., 1960-10-12

long will benefit from his tireless and
devoted services. 1t is no exaggeration
to say that the National Zoo owes its
high reputation today largely to DR..
Mann's long labor of love in its behalf.
Evening star., 1960-10-12

@. Why Is the skin con-
sidered an organ of the body?
-W.N.
A. Because the work of
the skin is essential to the
body. Liquid waste (perspira-
tom is given off through
the skin. and it is also a
means by which the body
can help to regulate it own
temperature.
Evening star., 1960-10-12

work. babysitting, or COM
panionship to the i'll or eld-
erly. This plan could ably
work out to the benefit Of
both families and in my
opinion is a very practical
one. Frances Bell,
Evening star., 1960-10-12
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All let
ters are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used DiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied by SELF addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKTNS SERVICE

DS TIE HAoNINS SEKVICE
a reader can get an answer, by
mail, TO any question of fact BY
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 635 street NV, Washington
4, D. c. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed stamped
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Shakespeare on K.

Elizabeth C. Mooney
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Birds vs.. Electra

Palisades Residen
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Untidy Area

Charles L. Stout.
Evening star., 1960-10-12
Live Ghost Town

]. ". Brabner- SmitE
Evening star., 1960-12-11
illustrated BY John McDermott

will always remember with awe and reverence
- the fantastic voyage we made ten years ago
Christmas, on the other side of the world
believe God sailed with us those three days.
believe this because by all the laws of logic the loss
of life could have been enormous. Yet not a soul
perished. Time after time, dangers that threatened
to explode into disaster miraculously averted
Perhaps you too will find deepened inspiration
in the events of three remarkable days in the bleak
winter of 1885,.
1t was shortly before Christmas and, under a
slate-gay sky, the Chinese Communists big guns
were bombarding the port city of Hungnam on the
northeast coast of Korea
My ship, the SIS. Meredith Victory, was riding at
anchor few miles offshore. She was a merchant
vessel under charter to the Military Sea Transpor-
tation Service to supply meager forces in the
area. From the bridge, | trained my binoculars on
the shore and saw pitiable scene.
Evening star., 1960-12-11

y The great Hungnan, rescue Of
December, 1850, passed uirtu-
ally unnoticed in the midst of
The Chinese Communist offensive
that dark pinter of the Korean
War. Since then, The feat of
Captain La Rue and his mer-
chant mariners has become part
ty knO,Cn = but the full story of
their incredible royage has neuer
before been told. Today, ,re are
proud TO present the man ,rho
pas formerly called Captain
Leonard p. La Rue, US. Mer-
chant Marine. We belieue you
,ciu agree that no more fitting
story than his could be told at
this Christmas season.
Evening star., 1960-12-11

South Korean refugees thronged the docks. With
them was everything they could wheel, carry or
drag. Beside them, like frightened chicks, were
their children.
As far as my glasses could sweep, the dock area
was dark with masses of humanity, all caught i'm
giant wise. Behind them were the Communist Chi
nese who would kill or enslave them; before them
was the vast open sea.
Sleep impossible that night under the con-
slant shelling and all next day I resumed my watch
from the bridge. The docks we're becoming even
blacker with people. Then message was relayed
to us by blinker signal light. 1t came from the
naval vessel commanding our forces in the area
and ordered me to proceed toward the dock. Close
to shore, Army officers boarded US and one asked:
Can you help evacuate the civilians?'
"Of course replied. 'How many could you
take?" he inquired. ri don't know" I answered
Maybe couple of thousand. if we're lucky
Now night had fallen. Shells from our own war.
ships in back of US screamed over our heads We
could tell that the enemy had found the range of
the port. Despite the obvious risk, all our lights
were switched on while prepared to load.
In double danger
We were sitting ducks, perfectly outlined in the
glare, yet enemy shell struck even close One of
our own heavy guns could easily have lobbed shell
into the crush of people by mistake. Yet none did
The incredibly difficult job of loading the fright
ened refugees began. All dock space was taken, so
we had to make fast to Liberty Ship moored there
Hastily, crewmen built ramp to the Liberty,
then began herding the refugees across its deck,
over the rail on the opposite side and onto the
Meredith Victoy.
Both ships rocked crafty from the conclusion of
our own shells. Yet the refugees were going aboard
safely. saw terror their faces as they kept their
young ones close. Meekly they needed our cries of
bali, bai!" Korean for hurry. hurry" One of
the few words We knew in the language.
Where did we put them? We crammed them into
every bit of available space. In some parts of the
ship, there three tiers of cargo holds Into these
we jammed humanity We put patches into the bot
tommost holds by herding them onto makeshift
wooden platforms and lowering them by means of
winches. Then partially sealed the holds, leav-
ing only some air spaces. Atop the lowest holds in
the 'tweendecks cargo areas, we stacked more and
more people.
There were families with eight and ten children,
and took them all. There was a man with
violin, woman with a sewing machine, young girl
with triplets. There IL wounded some sretcher
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1960-11-03
MAXWELL GEISMAK
A BOOK
REVIEW

THE LAST OF THE PRO-
VINCIALS: The A m c IN
Novel, 1915-1s25. Maxwell
Geismar. Hill and Wang, New
York, Paperback edition, 1859.
4o4 PIP. $2.45.
Whew! M axwell Geismar
takes his reader on quite an in
tellectual pilgrimage.
To attempt to relate the
depth and scope of this pene-
trating study Of the 192O's as
revealed in the works of major
American novelists of this
period would be to fail to do
justice to a highly capable cri-
tic. One can, I think, safely
point out that this volume, a
paprback reprint, is one in a
series of four books presenting
a study of leading American
novelists from the Civil War to
World War II. The specific
thesis of this volume is that the
novelists of the post World War
l period portray the conquest of
the town and rural culture by
an urban industrialized society:
the change in America from a
provincial society with its divi-
sions of east" and "West" to a
world power. Stressing the rela-
ton of these noveliSts to the
culture in which they lived and
wrote, Geismar points out that
their works coincide chrome
logically with the disappearance
of the western frontier in
America. He Celebrates this
point by tracing in these novel;
lists a common quality: a sort
of spiritual pilgrimage from
West to East.
The writer begins his study
with H. L. Mencken, perhaps
the most satirical critic of his
times, and ends it with F. Scott
Fitzgerald, the most typical
novelist of the period and por-
trayer of the Jazz Age. Between
these poles he includes those
whom he considers to be repre-
sentative Of the Middle Genera
ton proper: Sinclair Lewis,
Villa Gather, Sherwood Ander-
Continued - Page p