davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-11-14
Mr.. Nixon Sits Tiqht

It is hardly surprising that the Vice
President is displaying very little in
terest in tentative moves for a recount
IN II States Of last Tuesdays votes.
OF course, any fraud or error in the
counting Of ballots should be exposed
and corrected. It is extremely unlikely,
however, that recount would change
the overall result, despite the tiny mar
gin OF Senator Kennedy's victory. Re
counts could be expected to reveal errors
on both sides of the ledger, and thus
would tend to cancel themselves out.
In the absence Of fraud on large scale,
which seems improbable, the Kennedy
edge OF some 275.O00 votes probably will
stand up.
Furthermore, Mr.. Nixon certainly
would not look forward with enthusiasm
to a recount which might reverse the
result by hair-line margins in the pop
ular. and electoral votes. Even If he had
squeaked through in the original count,
ne would have had great difhculty In
dealing with hostile Democratic Con-
gress. And this difhculty could only
be compounded should he take office
through the process of a recount. So it
is not surprising that the Vice Presi-
dents top aide should say that we're
standing on the vote as it came in." This
makes senSe-and Mr.. Nixon is an emf
nently sensible man.
Evening star., 1960-11-14
WeN-Briefed Voters

The excessive number of referen-
dunn items on the Maryland ballot last
week slowed down proceedings at the
polls, and unquestionably irritated most
voters. The length of the ballot, how
ever, in no sense was a deterrent to
voting (votes were cast by some SO per
cent Of the registered population in
both Montgomery and Prince Georges
Counties), and the response to the ref
erendum questions showed that the
electorate had performed its homework
to remarkably satisfactory degree.
This was particularly exhibited by
the substantial support for the Mary
land-Virginia compact for the Joint
regulation of fishing and conservation
activities in the Potomac River. The
heavy Endorsement by the people of
Maryland, despite the opposition of
State Republican leaders, is all that
should be needed to spur Congress to
Evening star., 1960-11-14
West Indies Withdrawal

AAter uVe Gays OF negotiation In
London, the United States has agreed
TO release Internationally the major
part OF its leased-base areas in the
British West Indies. Thus one of the
nrst Anglo-American arrangements of
the Second World War is scheduled to be
dissolved without any Of the fanfare
that greeted Its creation in ls4l.
1t was in that year, before Pearl
Harbor, that President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill worked out
their historic "deaP under which Brit
ain, in exchange for 50 Of our Navy,s
over-age destroyers, gave our country
99-year military rights to territory in
the West Indies and other British is
lands in that general region of the
world. Unquestionably, wholly apart
from dramatizing Anglo-American soli-
darity against the threat of Hitlers
Third Reich, this agreement was a
factor OF prime Importance in the Battle
OF the Atlantic the once desperate
struggle to keep freedoms lifeline from
being severed by incessant Nazi subma-
rine attacks
But now we are In another time,
some 20 years later. In the interval, the
West Indies have become a federation
slated to receive full independence from
Britain at relatively early date. Mean
while, too, our bases on the islands have
lost much Of their former Importance
as a result Of changed military tech
niques and technology. Even so, they
have not entirely outlived their useful
ness, and so 1t is good to know that the
federation's government, as it prepares
for complete self-rule, is "both willing
and anxious to cooperate in whatever
would strengthen mutual security and
contribute to the continuing defense of
the Western Hemisphere as part of the
defense Of the democratic world"
These words are from the COM
munique issued jointly in London by the
American, British and West Indies ne
gotiators. Together with his mentors in
Moscow and Peiping, Fidel Castro of
Cuoa would do well to take the language
at face value-as something meaning
that our prospective base withdrawal
will in no sense weaken the hemispheres
resolve to preserve its freedom against
all who menace it.
Evening star., 1960-11-14
Kosovubu and the u. N.

The United Nations General Assem-
bly, should move without further delay
to recognize and seat the Congolese dele
cation headed by President Kasavubu.
After all, by vote Of 8 to (the Soviet
Union alone dissenting), the Assem-
bly's Credentials Committee has recon-
mended that such action be taken forth
with, and there can be no doubt about
the need for it as an essential part of
the effort to establish peace and order
in the strife-torn, politically chaotic
young republic.
There has been delay on this mat
ter only because the Kremlin-with the
altogether misguided and disturbing
support Of Ghana, Guinea, India and a
number OF other African and Asian
members that ought to know better-is
trying its best to put deposed Premier
Patrice Lumumba back into power. The
reason for this, of course, is that Moscow
Is thoroughly pleased ana enchanted
with his pro- Communist activities and
the way in which he has resisted the
U.N. and promoted chaos in the Congo.
In that respect, indeed, he has acted al.
@~AoSv 90 ~ A4S WCAC . 4u14"uSOSSO 0OVlSk
agent or puppet.
The fact is, in any case, that Mr..
Lumumba has been kicked out Of ONCE
by Mr.. KaSavubu in keeping with the
latter'S presidential powers under the
Congolese fundamental law" or conSti-
tuition. As indicated by Secretary Gen.
eral Dag Hammarskjold, the legality Of
this custer is interchangeable, and the
same holds true for Mr.. Kasavubu's
standing as the Congo Republics Chief
Executive. That Is one Of the reasons
why the Credentials Committee, in call
ing for the seating Of the Kasavubu dele
cation, has not heSitated to reject the
legitimacy of the rival Lumumba group
seeking to represent the tumultuous re-
public.
In these circumstances, It seems to
us that the Assembly should vote re-
soundingly. and right away, to accept
MIR. Kasavubu and his group as the only
legitimate Congolese representatives.
Needless to say, the Russians can be ex-
pected to howl to the contrary but the
fact remains that the UN. cannot shilly-
shally much longer on this matter with
out diScrediting itself with indecision Of
sort that can serve only to make things
worse than they are already.
Evening star., 1960-11-14

@. Is bottle gas" another
name for LIP gas?-C. j.
A. Yes. LIP (liquefied pc
troleum) gas consists of
butane or propane hydro
carbons, or mixtures of the
two, packed into steel cylin-
ders or tanks under pressure
and thus converted into "bot-
tie gas" or tank gas" The
gas is sold under more than
q hundred commercial names
and is extensively used in
homes, on farms, as engine
fuel. and for many industrial
purposes.
@. When refugees are ad-
mitted to the United States.
are they counted as immi-
grants under the quota?
Il. Y.
A. The 1852 immigration
law provides that refugees
and displaced persons ad-
mitted to the United States
under special laws must be
counted against their nation
al quotas, not only for the
current year but for future
years. The national quotas
OF some countries have been
"mortgaged" for years ahead
by refugees.
Evening star., 1960-11-14
Tests and Survival

Thomas E. Murray, distinguished
former member Of the Atomic Energy
Commission, continues to argue with
great cogency for an immediate re-
sumption Of certain types Of nuclear
tests. As set forth In his prediction
"open letter" to the presidential candi-
dates, his latest views on the subject
are compelling, and they certainly
merit the most careful consideration of
President-elect Kennedy.
This is so for a rather simple but
deeply disturbing reason. AS Mr.. Murray
has put it. our country, by unilaterally
suspending all atomic hydrogen tests
for the past two years, has debarred It.
self from making far-reaching nom
military and military progress Of a sort
that is inherent in "the obvious fact
that nuclear technology is open to in
cessant and rapid change" Meanwhile,
what have the Russians been doing?
They profess to have been similarly self
abnegating, and we have no proof to the
contrary. But actually, in Mr.. Murray's
opinion, there is every reason to suspect
that they have been cheating on us. He
has summed up his own miSgivingS and
fears in the following somber words:
Hitherto nuclear technology has pro-
gressed principally along one line, toward
massive megaton weapons, whose destructive
capacity Is completely indiscriminating -.
However. this is not the only kind Of weapon
that nuclear technology can produce. There
are other practical lines Of development. The
nation that pursues them will possess an en-
tirely new symbol Of military strength
radically new type Of nuclear weapon, q
"third-generation" weapon. as radically diff
ferent from the H-bomb as the H-bomb was
from the Hiroshima-type A-bomb.
The new weapon will not be larger and
more efficient H-bomb, nor a smaller and
more eficient A-bomb. It will be a weapon Of
different category primarily anti-person-
mel in destination and effect. >. 1t lends
itself to a new type of nuclear strategy. -.
Conceptual designs for this new type of wea-
pom have existed in American laboratories.
They would have already been tested had it
not been for our test moratorium. The
moratorium has effectively blocked American
advance to a new position Of military and
political strength.
I take it for granted that the Soviet
Union is actively developing nuclear tech
nology along this revolutionary line. must
assume that they have done some preliminary
tests OF the new fantastic" weapon. Such
tests could easily have been carried on with
out detection.
We have quoted Mr.. Murray at this
considerable length because we believe
that the point he makes is a grave and
valid one calling for an early resump-
ton Of nuclear tests that do not con-
taminate the atmosphere. Certainly, to
quote him again: ITO this complex
problem the new President, under
divine guidance, will have to address
himself with all knowledge and wis
DOM" He will have to do so because it
is a question that bears directly on our
national survival.
Evening star., 1960-11-14

GartR once nao many
moons.
They were relatively small
objects, in comparison to the
present big moon. They fell
on the surface Of this moon
or collided with it in their
orbits which Is about the
same thing-creating some
Of the great craters which
now cover the face Of the
satellite.
This Ii the conclusion Of
DR.. p. F. Sabaneyev, Of the
astronomical section Of the
Soviet Academy Of Sciences.
He experimental by dropping
various sized and shaped
objects from various dis.
tances on q plastic surface
believed similar to that of the
aboriginal moon.
A translation Of his report
has been issued through the
u. s. Department of Com.
merce.
CrateFs Offer Clues
AS q result Of these ex-
periments, DR.. Sabaneyev
concluded. according to the
report. that lunar craters
were formed by the impact
Of dense, homogeneous, def
nitely circular masses of loose
material. The size of the
craters indicates falls of
large masses rather than
high impact velocities.
Their circular shape sug.
gests vertical falls but occa.
sional oval shapes of era
ters. irregularities Of their
inner structure and their
ordinations are proofs that
cases Of oblique falls do exist.
All this suggests that the
falls were mainly the result
Of the moons gravitation. In
case Of vertical fall the veloc-
ity was not higher than "a
kilometers a second and
probably not higher than
2.75 kilometers.
Simultaneous falls Of two
adjacent masses near each
other occurred only once in
several thousand cases, but
consecutive adjacent falls
were frequent. This shows
that the masses that fell
were common in space before
they were attracted by the
moon. Clustering of craters
may be taken as evidence of
the attraction by the moon
of masses moving in the same
direction. These precondi-
tions suggest the existence
in the past Of q significant
number of earth satellites
other than the moon which
fell on the lunar surface,
causing the cirques and
craters."
It is quite likely, he says,
that similar craters will be
found on satellites of other
planets and probably on the
planet Mercury.
= &h
A high mountain range
more than 1900 miles long,
comparable to some of the
largest on earth, has been
identified on the invisible
face Of the moon.
Just beyond it lies a broad
continent. or slightly ele-
waited level area, also COM
parable in size to earth con-
tinents.
These features are reported
in the Journal of the Soviet
Academy of Sciences follow
ing analysis of scores Of
photographs taken by auto
matically operating cameras
during about 40 minutes from
Evening star., 1960-11-14
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Russian Explains Croters on Moon
By THOMAS R. HENRY

the recent moon circlinR
satellite. The report has been
translated through the De-
partment Of Commerce.
The first Russian report
on the other side of the
moon from the televised
photos was issued a few days
after the mAon-circling feat
but necessarily was very pre-
liminary. It was difficult to
interpret some Of the fea.
lures shown on photos taken
without focusing from q dis.
tance Of about $4,000 miles
above the surface. Now, says
the report, there has been
time for more detailed anal
ysis and checking of indi-
Gated distances.
True Shapes Known
The photos included some
features just over the edge
Of the invisible area. already
known to astronomers.
Some Of these features a.
seen by us from the earth,
says the report, "are dis.
torted, especially in the mar.
ginal areas. We now know
their true shapes. We also
now know that the reverse
side Of the moon is predom.
inantly mountainous and
that there are few seas of
the type seen on the side
facing the earth"
The great mountain sys-
tenn has been named the
Sovietsky range. The name
Sea of Moscow" has been
given to the largest Of the
so-called seas on the invisible
side. which has Q diameter
Of about 200 miles. The term
sea-. applied to the lunar
landscape. does not refer to
q body Of water. The moon
is waterlesS.
The photographs, says the
report, show numerous small
details which will require
much further study to in
terpret.
Evening star., 1960-11-14
WATCHING THE WORLD
By CROSBY S. MOVES
Fossn Correspondent Of The Stsr
Riot Fears Make Paris Jittery
Forsisn Correspondent Of The Stor

PARIs-The other night q
young girl strolling down the
Champs Elysees suddenly
clutched the arm Of her es-
cort.
Look over there" she
gasped. THAT crowd-it must
mean trouble. Let's get out Of
here"
Next evening another couple
were enjoying q quiet eve
ming drink In the bar of the
California Hotel. A couple Of
blocks away the Champs Ely
sees was jammed with police
vans. Black-helmeted secu-
rity troops with clubs and
bayonet-tipped rifles blocked
the side streets leading to the
boulevard. Squads Of police
roamed the sidewalks, pick.
ing up scores Of youngsters
and hustling them on to
headquarters for identity
checks"
A man in the bar paused
to listen to o low. ominous
roar which seemed to be COM
ing from distance.
Tanks" he announced
firmly. They're on their way
UP from the Place de La Con-
corde."
Wrong This Time
AZ it turned out both the
girl and the man were wrong.
The crowd on the boulevard
was showing its way not to-
ward Gen. De Gaulle's Elysee
Palace but toward Brigitte
Bardot's latest movie. The
"tanks" turned out to be
nothing more sinister than
the air conditioning fan Of
the hotel bar. Both the girl
and the man felt Q little fool.
ish. But their reactions were
not untypical OF the general
state Of filters in France to-
day.
These jitters are getting to
be Q familiar phenomenon.
They were felt first shortly
before the Algerian uprising
in May, 1858, that toppled the
Fourth Republic and returned
Gen. De Gaulle to power.
They were felt again last
January as Q premonition o!
the bloody settlers revolt
against the generals policy Of
self-determination for the
African territory.
There Is no mystery In the
fact that they are being felt
again today. Given Gen. De
Gaulle's announced determi.
nation to force through 0
quick solution in Algeria and
the riots which this an.
Evening star., 1960-11-14

nouneement has already
touched OF In Algiers and
Oran, it is clear enough that
the fat viii soon be In the
fire once again. And this time
maybe for keeps.
Braced for Trouble
This time there are some
Enthusiastically in the
attitude Of the police-which
show that the authorities
mean business and are
braced for serious trouble. In
comparison the rebellion Of
1858 was q pleasant. at times
almost gay, affair. The po-
lice were on hand, to- be
sure, but they were obviously
sympathetic with the crowds
demonstrating for q French
Algeria. One recalls long pa
rades of tootling cars quite
unhindered by the grinning
gendarmes in their huge blue
vans.
Today. whatever their pri-
vate sympathies may be the
story Is quite different. As
many Parisians-and not q
few newsmen-have found
out to their discomfort, the
police today are under
sternest orders to discourage
public demonstrations of any
political stripe. And they are
carrying out these orders
with an energy that some
times seems entirely excess
Bive.
Show 0f 6tFehgth
OF all the demonstrations
that have taken place here in
the past few days, by far the
most impressive has been the
show Of strength staged by
Paris police. In contrast, the
organized meetings of ex.
tremist groups on both right
and left have been rather
pathetic. The general public.
although increasingly un.
easy, remains largely un-
moved by the political storms
blowing through the land.
At the same time, these
shows Of strength are oddly
unreassuring and account In
fact for most Of filters being
felt here today. Taken to.
gether with Gen. De Gaulle's
portentious statements and
news from Algeria, they seem
TO indicate that real trouble
may be on the way. II 1t
comes it will be resisted with
the utmost severity. And at
this point things in Paris
would be anything but gay.
Evening star., 1960-11-14
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKINS SERVICE

A. reader can get an answer, BY
mail, to any question Of fact BY
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau, 636 F street NV. Washington
age or self-addressed, stamped
Evening star., 1960-06-23
Anne Arundel
Slots Probe
Bid Rejected

ANNAPOLIS, Md. June 2;
(AP). - The Justice Depart
ment has notified Anne Arun.
del County that it does not in
tend to investigate slot ma
chine and commercial bingo in
terests in the county.
Frank w. Wilde, president
Of the county Board of Com
misisoners. requested a probe
Of "out of State interests" ir
gambling here in a recent let.
ter to Attorney General Viii.
liam P. Rogers.
In replying, Assistant Attor.
ney General Malcom R. Viii.
key said that the Justice De.
partment has twice under.
taken major surveys of slot
machines operated in you
county and found no evidence
which could logically lead tt
Federal conviction
Mr.. Wilkey said that the
Maryland code empowered the
county to regulate and contro
its own slot and bingo indus.
tries through licensing and in.
Spection.
Evening star., 1960-06-23
BroyhiII Picks
Lawyer to Head
Election Drive

Alex Akerman, jr., an attor-
ney in the District and for
mer Federal Trade Commission
official, will manage the re-
election campaign of Repre-
sentative Broyhill, Republican
of Virginia.
Mr.. Broyhill, who announced
the appointment of Mr.. Aker-
man today, is seeking his fifth
term as congressman from Vir-
ginia's 10th district.
Mr.. Akerman, former exec
utive director of the FTC, has
been active in civic and po-
litical affairs since he moved
to Fairfax County in 1850. He
lives at 204 Bunker Hill road
Holm Hall.
A native of Florida, he once
served in the Florida legiSla-
ture and was a municipal Judge
in Orlando. He served with the
Justice Department and the
FTC from 1853 to 1858 when
he re-entered private law prac-
tice.
Evening star., 1960-06-23
Soldier, TO-
Held Now as
Too

A soldier already held in the
armed robbery of two Fairfax
(Va0 gas stations has been
charged with kidnapping.
Army Specialist &C Bobbie
Ray Napier, 20, of the 1000
block of Columbia pike, Arling-
con, was charged under Virginia
State law. kidnapping is a
capital offense in Virginia as is
armed robbery.
Napier was charged with
kidnapping Perry B. Holsinger,
54, an electrician, of 106 South
Virginia street. Fairfax, shortly
after the two gas station hold
ups on June IA.
Police said Napier had been
left behind at one of the gas
stations when two companions
ueu III a car aIUer Jhey spotted
a police car approaching.
Napier hid in Mr.. Holsinger's
truck, and forced him to drive
to Arlington, where Napier
later was captured, according to
police.
Preliminary hearings on the
two armed robberieS and the
kidnapping charge are scheduled
for tomorrow in Fairfax County
Court. Marshall DeWayne Seba,
20, of the 1000 block of North
Oakland street, Arlington, and
Army Specialist sc Loren P.
Conley. %, of the 1000 block of
Columbia pike, Arlington, also
are charged with two counts of
armed robbery.
Evening star., 1960-06-23
Baker Would Run
For Senator Only
As Independent

ROANOKE, Va, June %
(AP).-Stuart D. Baker of
Arlington said yesterday that
if he opposes Senator Robert
son, Democrat Of Virginia, in
November it will be as an
independent candidate, not a
Republican.
The 49-year-old businessman
said his decision was based
on a careful study of a State
wide survey"
John Russell, Washington
public relations man whose
firm made the survey said
Mr.. Baker reached his de-
cision after meeting with his
advisors and studying results.
Mr.. Baker has been con-
sidering the COP nomination
at the party's State conven-
ton in Roanoke Saturday. But,
Mr.. Russell said today, Mr..
Baker will not even attend the
convention.
Mr.. Baker has been getting
the political cold shoulder from
some top Republicans who
don't think this is the time to
tackle the 73-year-old Senator
Robertson.
If the COP doesn't nominate
someone to run against the
veteran Democrat, Republicans
strategists hope to strengthen
their chances of carry Virginia
in Vice President Nixon's bid
for the presidency.
Evening star., 1960-06-23
D. E. Ball Disqualified
For State Water Board

RICHMOND. June % (AP)
Donald E. Ball, Falls Church
businessman, won't be able tc
succeed House Speaker E
Blackburn Moore on the State
Water Control Board because
of a State law provision that
had slipped by unnoticed.
Gov. Almond instead named
William H. Singleton of Alex
andria, a mechanical contractor
to the post.
Yesterday, Gov. Almond said
| it had been discovered that two
of Mr.. Balls firms hold GER
tificateS from the water board
"a condition which precluded
Mr.. Balls service.
Sand and gravel companies
of which Mr.. Ball is an official
are subject to the boards anti
pollution regulations.
The Governor said it was Mr.
Ball who brought up the ques-
ton Of the certificates end the
Evening star., 1960-06-23

appropriate section of the State
code.
IF the situation reflects on
anyone" Gov. Almond said,
lit reflects on me-"
Gov. Almond said the water
board staff had checked to see
if Mr.. Singleton was clear to
take the post.
Speaker Moore opposed Gov.
Almonds fiscal plans in the
recent General Assembly. He
was chief patron of the bill
which set up the board in 1916
and had served as its chairman
since its creation.
Mr.. Singleton's term is for
four years ending June 30. 1864.
He also will succeed Mr.. Moore
on the Ohio River Valley Water
Sanitation Commission for a
similar term.
Mr.. Singleton operates the
William H. Singleton Co., Inc.
at Shirley highway and Edsall
road in Fairfax County.