davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-30
Imprecise language

He would hardly. on purpose
and with aforethought, sail forth
against such easily veri11able facts.
But while the Nixon tactics in this
instance were questionable, Mr..
Kennedy can help matters If he
will guard against careless. impre-
else language In the future.
Toward the end Of the week,
the Vice President pushed hard his
contention that experience and
imagination in foreign relations is
the paramount consideration in
the campaign. He promised to
try to visit all the Eastern Euro
pean countries, if elected, in order
to "carry the message of freedom
into the Communist world" And
he offered to send his running
mate, Mr.. Lodge, to Geneva to
get the disarmament talks rolling
again.
These suggestions caused one
wag to comment that nixon now
is even promising to take Lodge
and leave the country If he's
elected"
The candidates did not confine
themselves, by any means, to for
eign affairs last week. The state
Of the national economy came in
for heavy attention.
The Vice President lashed out
at his opponents "extravagant
promises" and irresponsible pro-
nouncementS on fiscal and none
tary matters" He accused Mr..
Kennedy Of waging "the most
negative campaign" in history
"a despicable, win-at-any-price
effort to convince America it is
about to suffer a recession" The
Senator, he said, is IAN all-time
expert at seeing only the hole in
the doughnut."
Mr.. Kennedy, with an all-time
high (September) Consumer Price
Index to support him, hammered
away at the bread-and-butter
issue.
THE harsh facts are that for
millions Of Americans income has
not kept up with rising coStS-this
is the job-price' squeeze. he told
a gigantic rally in New York'S
garment district.
''Mr. Nixon says we never had
1t so good" he shouted. II say
we're going to do better"
This is the Kennedy domestic
Evening star., 1960-10-30
Hord-Hitting Talk

my friends. anyone who seeks
to grasp the reins Of world leader
ship should not spend all his time
wringing his hands," Mr.. EiSen-
hover observed acidly.
The President, using hard-hit-
ting language applauded vigorously
by a G. o. P. gathering in Phila-
delphia, challenged Mr.. Kennedy
to say how he was going to pay
for these lavish programs" he has
been advocating. BY raising taxes?
BY cutting established programs?
If so, Mr.. Eisenhower said, let him
say so.
'But If they would pay for those
programs by deficit spending, rails
ing the debt of our children and
grandchildren. and thereby debase
our currency, let them so confess"
he demanded.
It appeared that perhaps Mr..
Eisenhower was finally getting into
q fighting mood. Whether it
comes in time to be of substantial
aid to Mr.. Nixon, Of course, re-
mains to be seen. Mr.. Eisenhower
will join the Nixon-Lodge team
for a rally in New York City on
Wednesday and is scheduled to
make one more major campaign
address.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
The Nays Role

Polaris is important, too, as an
indicator Of the increased role the
Navy will have in strategic war
fare. While the Navy has a rela-
lively minor part to play today
its carrier aircraft representing
from to 10 per cent Of the
strategic striking power Of the
United States-Polaris will change
this.
PolariS, which may be added to
NATO'S European forces in the
next two years, even has had an
impact in the current political
campaign. The Democrats had
hoped to make defense q key issue.
But the development Of Polaris,
plus the decision by the admin
istration to spend almost all the
extra money voted by the Demo-
cratic-controlled Congress. has
blunted it.
Senator Kennedy has. however,
frequently talked about Soviet su-
periority in certain military fields
and has suggested that America
is heading for second place. De-
fense Secretary Gates, for the first
time in a major speech, last week
answered such criticism. He said:
"The cries Of American weak
ness are surely not heard so loudly
in a nation such as the Soviet
Union which has been faced with
the realization that for four years
unarmed American reconnaissance
planes (the U-2D have riddled
their air defenses and made a
proper mockery of their refusal
to open their skies as willingly as
we would open ours to them. The
Soviet leadership damns us not for
weakness but for strength.
1.-THE cries Of weakness, pitif(llly
for the entire free world, are heard
most loudly in our own S<AA."
Evening star., 1960-10-30
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
Last Minute Imponderab|es

The 1860 presidential cam.
paign last week headed for the
climactic windup as the issues
Of national prestige, Cuba, the
state Of the economy and "reli-
gi0n" swamped the voters mind.
With only nine rough and rous-
ing days Of campaigning left. the
consensus was that it is still q
horse race between Nixon and
Kennedy.
The paid optimists in each
camp, Of course, were confidently
predicting victory for their candi-
date. But while Mr.. Kennedy
appeared cocky and Mr.. Nixon
looked concerned as they headed
for the home stretch. the poll
takers and political experts were
exercising extreme caution In their
observations. For the most part
they preferred the security Of the
trunk for the peril Of the limb.
There was Q major reason for
their timidity. Pollsters, both pro-
fesSional and amateur, were still
finding an unusually high per-
centage Of undecided-or uncom-
municative-potential voters.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
Belgian Influx

Mr.. Hammarskjold, in commu-
nicationS addressed to Brussels
and to Elisabethville, Katangan
capital, "peremptorily" demanded,
Belgian sources said, that the Bel
gian influx be halted. The texts
Of two letters were not disclosed,
but Brussels officials said both
had been summarily rejected.
The return Of the technicians and
officials, the Belgians said, was for
the benefit Of the Congolese them
selves.
At the U. N. in New York, an
Afro-Asian Advisory Committee,
seeking some solution to the chal-
lenge Of the Congo, agreed on q
conciliation group to operate under
the cooperative direction Of the
Is nations that have contributed
forces to the u. N. peace-seeking
moves in the Congo.
And also at the U. NJ, the
Communist bloc, led by the Soviet
Union, reiterated that no contri-
buttons would be made or assess
ments honored for the U. N. effort
in the Congo. In contrast to the
Soviet stand, Yugoslavia last week
made it a point to praise the U. N.
and to pledge continued support
for its activities.
Since an estimated $170 million
is expected to be required for the
Continued ON Page Ca
Evening star., 1960-10-30
De GouHe Power

Gen. de Gaulle, as President Of
the Republic. has power no Presi-
dent Of any Republic has had
since the 1889 Revolution. If the
cabinet should lost a vote Of conf
dence in the National Assembly,
President de Gaulle can dissolve
the Assembly and call for new
elections. No longer need France
be leaderless because Of the divi-
sions Of the volatile Legislature.
Last Monday the generals gov
ernment. led by Premier Michel
Debre, won q major challenge.
But the victory was Pyrrhic one;
the margin. 34S-203, was omi-
nouSly slim. even with ahStentionS
being counted for the de Gaulle
government. The issue was q
favorite project Of the Presidents:
the creation Of an independent
French nuclear striking force,
outside the structure Of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization and
the general Western alliance.
But the question Of the nuclear
striking force was only an excsiSe
for dissension. The real issue was
Algeria-the very same issue that
brought the general out Of retire.
ment to succeed Premier Pierre
Pfimlin as head Of the republic
and the situation had apparently
been little altered since that
historic day.
France has committed the bulk
Of her armed forces, almost her
entire defense budget. and most Of
the passions Of her people to the
Algerian revolt for over six years.
Rightists, both in France and in
the huge and wealthy North Afri-
can province" insist. that Algeria
is as much a part Of France as
Paris or Brittany. But liberals
and leftists, geared to the "eman-
cipation from colonialism" trend
Of the times. insist that the bloody
war Of repression in Algeria must
DC drought 10 q speedy CONCLUSION
by direct negotiation.
Gen. de Gaulle has succeeded in
appeaSing neither side. His an
nounced policy Of elf-determina-
ton for Algeria has been negated
by his refusal to negotiate with
the rebel leaders except on terms
Of ceaSef1re. At the same time,
the very suggestion that Algerians
might decide their own political
destinies, by referendum If not by
violence, has alienated the very
right-wing "colonist" elements
that brought Gen. de Gaulle out
OF the Seclusion Of Colombey les
Deux-Eglises to the Elysee Palace
in Paris.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
In Kotongo

In Katanga. SecesSionist prov
ince, President Moishe Tshombe
continued to insist that independ-
ence was a reality and there would
be no negotiations with the Leo
poldville government, even if it
achieved q stability, for reunifi-
cation.
And Mr.. Lumumba, the idol Of a
great many Of his countrymen and
in command Of a majority of the
Mobutu-dissolved Parliam n t,
awaited the crisis with apparent
confidence. U. N. moves appeared
to make his prospects more favor
able last week.
Brussels sources, and an out
ragged Mr.. Tshombe, last week
revealed that Secretary General
Hammarskjold has told the Bel
gians. in blunt terms, to keep
hands OF the tangled Congo. To
say that Belgian Foreign Once
personnel were indignant would
be an understatement.
But the embattled Secretary
General was making q point. In
the last two weeks. every incoming
plane at Leopoldville has been
disembarking Belgians. For the
most part. they have been techni-
clans. administrators, professionals
and other trained whites who fed
the Congo when independence
brought chaos to the equatorial
colony where natives had never
been trained to fill essential posts.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
Rights:
Politics., Too

DR.. Martin Luther King, jr.,
cOlOred integratiOnist leader,
last week was Jailed and then
released ON bond for q Georgia
traffic violation.
Georgia has never failed to vote
Democratic in presidential elec.
ton. II may not fail this year
either, but events Of the last week
have probably made q close Nixon
Kennedy race in that State even
closer.
It came about this way: DR..
Martin Luther King. jr., joined q
sit-in demonstration about two
weeks ago in Dekalb County. He
was arrested on the grounds that
his action had violated a sus-
pended sentence in a traffic case.
The judge clapped him into State
prison for a four-month term. lg-
noring pleas from other Negro
leaders and several distinguished
Northerners that the minister be
freed on bail pending an appeal.
On Wednesday Senator Kennedy
telephoned Mrs. King, the min
ister's wife, to express his SYM
pathy over the jailing of her
husband. Robert Kennedy, the
Democratic candidates brother,
earlier had called the Judge to In
Quire about the bail situation.
On Thursday the Judge ordered
the release Of DR.. King on $4,000
bond. He said his action was
mandatory under State law.
What are the political overtonAS
Of the King case? Gov. Ernest
Vandiver Of Georgia said the calls
by the Kennedy brothers could
affect the presidential campaign
in the State, but that he still
believed Georgia would 60 Demo-
cratic. He labeled the Senator's
call to Mrs. King unfortunate.
But If Mr.. Kennedy is likely to
lose some votes in Georgia, he is
just as likely to pick up some IN
States with larger voices In the
electoral college.
Evening star., 1960-10-30

Eisenhower, Mr.. Nixon and Henry
Cabot Lodge. the G. o. p. vice
presidential candidate. were hav-
ing none Of the suggestion that
confidence in America has been
slipping. Each struck back hard
at the Kennedy thesis.
The President, who recently
completed q "non-political" coast
forecast tour, in which he took
thinly yelled Swipes at the Demo-
cratic ticket, was very political
over Nationwide television Friday
night.
Praising Mr.. Nixon as the ''best
qualified" man for the presidency,
Mr.. Eisenhower struck back
sharply in reply to Kennedy loss
Of prestige charges. Without
mentioning the Democratic can
didate by name, the President ac-
cused him Of having "cruelly dis
torted the image Of America" held
abroad.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
Defense:
PoIoris

The Navy announced on
Thursday that its flrSt POIaris
balIistic missile submarine would
be cOmbat-ready ct sea on No
vember Is.
Two weeks from next Tuesday q
nuclear powered submarine nearly
as big as q cruiser will be on sta
ton somewhere deep in the Allan
tic with q virtually invulnerable
arsenal Of ballistic missiles ready
for firing at any aggressor.
In announcing the November
IS orders for the Polaris submarine
George Washington. Admiral Ar
leigh A. Burke, Chief Of Naval Op.
erations. called the event lone Of
the most significant in the history
Of warfare"
The admiral was not engaging
in Navy Day hyperbole. This
fantastic weapons system, featur-
ing the firing of q 1,380-mile,
hydrogen-tipped missile from the
secrecy and security Of a sub
merged submarine, will add i'm
mensely to Americas deterrent
retaliatory capability.
Polaris will give the free world
a big edge over the Soviet Union
in q vital area. With the first
submarine at sea the United States
will have-just like that-more
than doubled its ICBM arsenal.
The George Washington, like
other Polaris submarines to come.
carries 16 missiles. The Air Force
has perhaps nine Atlas ICBMS on
pads ready for firing in anger.
base construction delays having
held up the deployment Of this
huge liquid -fueled rocket which
became operational In September.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
THE NATIONAL SCENE
De GuuIIe ChoIIenqe
In Earnest This Time

Gen. Charles de GaulIe
returned TO head the French
nation In 1858 on the issue Of
Algeria. Today he faces possible
defeat on the same issue. beset
by foes Of Left and Right.
For more than six long years.
the French Republic has been
fighting, with two-thirds Of its
armed forces, q determined rebel
lion in Algeria. And the history
of the rebellion has been q sad
and sordid one, with the rebels on
their part perpetrating atrocious
acts Of terrorism. and the French.
on the record, guilty Of the most
savage acts Of reprisal and per-
Sonal torture.
In the spring Of 1858, we'll
organized riots in Algiers. sparked
by the European colony and openly
supported by the French Army
and the Governor Generals estab-
lishment, succeeded in bringing
about the swift downfall of the
Fourth Republic. The uprisings
began in April: by June / Gen.
Charles Andre Marie de Gaulle.
liberator Of France in World War
II, was in charge of affairs.
He proved to be. indeed. the
man Of the hour" Yet, con-
founding the pessimists, he showed
no signs Of becoming another
man on horseback" who would.
like Napolean Bonaparte or Gen.
Boulanger. lead France along the
disastrous paths Of q military
dictatorship.
Instead. he proposed a new
constitution for France which
was overwhelmingly approved
throughout the French dominionS
almost all over the world. The
Fifth Republic. founded on that
constitution, was carefully de-
signed to preserve the essence Of
democracy while, at the same time,
to end forever that splinterizing.
that factionalism which almost
guaranteed that no French cabi-
net could remain long in office,
Evening star., 1960-10-30
For independence

The Premier, considered a mod
crate and a pro-Western, was
fortnight in his statements. Just
returned from an official visit to
Moscow and Peking, he said that
the aspirations of Algerian inde-
pendence could plainly never be
realized through reliance on the
West. And he added that the
Evening star., 1960-10-30
On Religion

SAAA A4AA0tAAOAAA80AO Aco0S SOAA-
cerned religion-specifl ciflcally. the
Roman Catholic faith Of Senator
John r. Kennedy, the Democratic
candidate. A Catholic has never
been elected President Of the
United States and only rarely has
one been nominated for the Office.
Thirty-two years ago, another
Catholic. q Democrat, was over
whelmed. Alfred E. Smith lost
several States Of the previously
Solid Democratic) South. But
with the other big issues. pros
perity and prohibition. aiding his
opponent, it is highly doubtful
whether he would have won in
any case.
With 40 million Catholics in a
total United States population Of
$50 million, how important Is the
religious issue? No one can say
for sure, but the indications are
that, aside from straight party
loyalty. more votes viii turn on
Catholicism. pro- and anti, than
any other single consideration.
While there is agreement that
the issue is going to prove to be q
big one. there Is no meeting Of the
minds as to which candidate is
likely to benefit most where it
counts the most-in electoral
votes.
Certainly In the South and
the Midwest, where anti-Catholi-
cism is most heavily concentrated,
Mr.. Nixon will bene1lt. But in
the industrial Northeast, where
many Catholics and other minor
ity groups live. Mr.. Kennedy is
likely to profit. If he took the
three Middle Atlantic States-New
York, New Jersey and Pennsylva-
mia. for example, he would have
more than a third (93) Of the 269
electoral votes needed for victory.
The religious issue, which has
openly rocked the campaign from
time to time. may receive another
big play today-R efor m t. on
Sunday.
Some Protestant fundamentals
preachers were planning to make
their sermons anti-Kennedy, anti
Catholic Church rallying cries,
according to Bruce L. Felknor,
executive director Of the Fair
Campaign Practices Committee.
There were many other ProteS-
tant clergymen, however, who
denounced the idea Of using
Reformation Sunday for divisive
attacks on fellow Christians.
Mr.. Nixon last week jumped
into the fray. He accused the
Democratic leaders Of attempting
to exploit the religious issue to
solidify what they regard as "a
Catholic vote" His press aide called
on the Democrats to halt the
telecaSts Of Mr.. Kennedy's speech
before the Greater Houston (Tex.)
Ministerial Association last month
Ia speech in which the Senator
renewed his pledge to support the
concept Of the separation of
church and state.
The doubts among ProtestantS
on the church-state issue were
perhaps magnified with the con-
troversy in Puerto Rico. There
three Catholic bishops stirred q
storm when they forbade, in a
pastoral letter, the faithful to
vote for Gov. Munoz Marin in
the island election. The Cover
nor had supported birth control
Legislation and other measures
contrary to church policy.
Mr.. Kennedy called the bishops
action improper" and asserted
that no clergyman, no matter
what his faith, should attempt to
tell his congregation how to vote.
Evening star., 1960-10-30

Kremlin and Mao Tse-tung had
attached no strings to their offers
Of support for Algeria's struggle
for independence.
President de Gaulle will address
the French nation on Friday,
November. 4, and is to make his
grand gamble for popular support
at that time. He has beat down
his opposition before, and few
indeed were willing to write him
of as q winner even this time.
But it was fact visible to all that
he was facing a major crisis in his
career. and that a solution to the
Algerian problem would have to be
found soon.
Evening star., 1960-10-30
AFfth Debate?

Last week. an argument over a
possible fifth television debate be-
tween the contenders was carried
on by their representatives. Both
appeared to favor another con-
frontation, but both were sticking
by certain demands and conditions
not agreeable to the other. Nego-
tiations, however, broke down
yesterday.
One Of the conditions set by Mr..
Nixon was that the debate concen-
trate on the question Of American
Evening star., 1960-10-30
In the Congo
Belgium Back?

United Nations Secretary
General Dag HammarskjOld, It
was disclosed on Thursday,
again demanded that Belgium
withdraw all its military, para
military and civilian" personnel
from the chaotic Congo.
There was no blood spilled in
Lewis Carroll's "Alice in Wonder
land" even though the Queen was
fond Of commanding "Off with his
head!" But the Congo, surely a
wonderland of confusion since
independence was formally pro-
claimed last July /. has been far
from bloodlesS.
Last week there was little cause
for optimism in the immediate
future of the wealthy African land,
so torn with dissension. tribal
warfare, and cold-war politics
since Brussels so abruptly turned
it loose last summer.
Col. Joseph Mobutu, former
journalist turned military officer
whose strong-man tactics have
kept Premier Patrice Lumumba in
guarded exclusion in Leopoldville,
was holding on precariously to his
position but his control was weak
ening. His troops. without lead
ership or discipline. were being
curbed with difficulty in a berserk
riot of pillage. rapine, and general
violence.
President Joseph Kasavubu,
maintaining his liaison with Col.
Mohutu, continued pressing for
United Nations consent to the
arrest Of Premier Lumumba. whom
he had formally ouSted weeks ago.
But a precarious Mobutu-U. N.
truce was achieved.
Evening star., 1960-10-30

message in a capsule and the
voters In many sections Of the
country appear to be swallowing
1t without the slightest grimace.
Smyrna times., 1960-11-24

effort during Thanksgiving holi-
day to bring within the fold all
eligible veterans who are not
presently affiliated with the v
f. w.
AS a means of stimulating
this membership effort, the De.
partment of Delaware, at Com.
mander Clarke's request, is of
fering U. S. Savings Bonds as
awards to those of Delaware's
thirty-one posts that turn in the
most members during a special
Thanksgiving drive. Dues re-
initials must be post-marked
prior to midnight on November
80 for credit towards these
awards according to Command
er Clarke.
Smyrna times., 1960-11-24
Agent Explains
Silage Feeding

How heavily can silage be fed
to dairy cows? Many dairymen
are asking this question these
days, says County Agent George
Vapaa, especially farmers whose
hay supply is low in both quail
Iity and quantity.
Research has shown that sat
isfactory results can usually be
obtained when either hay or sill
age is fed as the sole roughage
for dairy cows. Thus, the
amount of silage fed depends
largely on the situation on the
individual farm. If hay is in
limited supply or low in quality,
practice heavy silage feeding,
he suggests.
The extent to which silage
may replace hay is partly de-
pendent upon the ability of the
individual animal to handle large
amounts of silage, MIR. Vapaa
said. Dairy calves, raised on a
limited milk feeding program
and fed lots of hay and grain
at an extremely early age, de-
velop the ability to handle large
amounts of roughage. This is
particularly true when high
quality roughage constitutes the
major portion of their ration
from six to ten months on.
Since the capacity of the cows
may limit silage consumption,
it is important that the silage
be of good quality to enable the
animals to meet their dry mat
ter needs. While some cows
are being fed successfully on
all-silage ration, it is suggested
that at least six to eight pounds
of hay be fed daily for optimum
results.
Good-sized cows will often
consume 80 to 80 pounds of
silage per day when it is full
fed. For maximum consumption,
feed roughage in smaller-than-
usual amounts, but more fire.
quently through the day.