davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Eye on Audience

The ebullient Premier very
plainly had an eye on the Soviet
audience when he delivered his
speech before the Supreme Soviet.
He was appealing to Soviet pride
and patriotism, he was reassuring
those among the "old Stalinists"
who repeatedly are resisting the
Khrushchev campaign for a de-
tente between East and West, and
he was serving notice on the West
that the price of Soviet co-opera-
tion in braking the downhill
momentum Of the cold war would
not be a bagatelle.
But the highest levels of the
administration, from the President
on down, were very restrained in
their reaction to the latest Soviet
display of diplomatic fireworks
and deadly rocketry. Some off,
cials privately pointed out that,
If the "bluster" sentences in the
Premier's address were put back
into context. the speech as a
whole was moderate If not mild,
in the international sense.
AS to the shooting down of an
American plane, there seemed to
be a strong inclination to stress
that the plane involved was not
military aircraft, but an "un-
armed weather research aircraft,
piloted by a civilian, of the Ma
tional Aeronautic and Space
Agency" which had apparently
strayed from Turkish airspace
when the pilot reported trouble
with his oxygen system. Instead
OF the usual bristling statement
that has followed similar cold war
clashes in the past, the State
Department very correctly and
very politely asked the Soviet gov
ernment ito provide it with full
facts of the Soviet investigation
OF this incident and to inform it
OF the fate of the pilot"
An answer wasn't long in COM
ing. Yesterday, savoring to the
full his role of prophet, seer and
revelator, Mr.. Khrushchev dra-
matically told the Supreme Soviet
and the world-that the pilot
OF the Shutdown plane, Francis
G. Pound, parachuted from his
aircraft and was "alive and kick
ing" And, said the gloating
Soviet chief, Mr.. Pound had con-
fessed that he was an agent of
the Central Intelligence Agency,
that his mission was to photo
graph certain Soviet military in
stallations and industrial areas,
and that he was flying from
Evening star., 1960-05-08

"handS of" attitude marked the
United States position as students
and opposition leaders pressed
their demands that the govern
ment of Premier Adnan Menderes
relax its "repressive measures"
Martial law was continued in
Izmir, Ankara and LStanbul. With
the governments express permis-
sion, the leader of the opposition
Peoples Republican Party, Ismet
Inonu. a former President and a
close ally of Turkeys hero Kemal
Ataturk in the building of the
Turkish republic after World War
I, demanded a return to "democ-
racy and free elections" He dis
avowed any desire for a military
coup, however, and opposed any
United States intervention in
Turkish affairs.
Repeatedly more than 5000 stu
dents have been "interned" by
police since the demonstrations
began over a week ago.
On Thursday, Mr.. Menderes
himself attempted to placate stu
dent demonstrators in Ankara.
When his pleas went unheeded
and his voice drowned out by
jeers, hoots and catcalls, the Pre-
mier cried dramatically Then
kill mel" Almost in tears, he re-
treated to his car with Shirttail
pulled out and hair rumpled.
"Resign!" roared the students un-
feelingly.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Ohio

The voting was on delegate
states in Ohio and there wasn't
much chance that either Mr..
Nixon or Mr.. Kennedy could lose.
Gov. Michael Disable led the slate
pledged to Mr.. Kennedy and was
ahead for all the at-large dele
gate posts and for all but 8 Of the
others in the 64-man delegation.
The only challenge in the Cleve-
land area was to Mr.. DiSalle's
leadership and it came from a
county Democratic chairman
named Ray T. Miller. His slate
also was pledged to Senator Ken
nedy, however. The intra-party
fight was solely over the future
of the party in Ohio.
Mr. Nixon was assured of all the
Ohio votes at the convention. His
friends bemoaned the entry of
former Senator George Bender
outside the State organization
slate pledged to Mr.. Nixon. He
made little showing.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
NATO Talks:
Accord

Somewhat embarrassed by
the IstanbuI student demon
strations, the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization Council
held a three-day session there
early last week.
"Detente, like peace, is indi-
visible" observed the North At
lantic Council Wednesday as the
regular spring meeting came to a
close in Istanbul. The final COM
munique announced complete
agreement among the NATO allies
on the basic policies to be pursued
by the West at the May l6 sum-
NIT conference.
The council reaffirmed tradi-
tional NATO doctrines: Cd At
tacks against a single NATO
member are attacks on all the
allies, and relaxation of tension
between the Communist bloc and
NATO members must apply
equally to all nations in the At
lantic pact; 90 Identification of
Germany must be accomplished
on the basis of elf-determina-
ton: and 80 General disarma-
ment can be achieved by stages
under effective control"
Secretary of State .Herter, COM
ing to Istanbul from the recent
meeting of the Central Treaty
Organization (CENTO) at Te-
heran, Iran. has now just about
completed his personal contacts
with leaders of the non-Commu-
mist nations allied with the United
States. He will thus go to the
summit, if it is held, with full
knowledge of the views of all.
NATO Secretary General Paul
Henri Spaak urged that the West
grasp the disarmament problem
by the horns. I'VE must not let
people believe that the West does
not want complete disarmament"
he told the Istanbul session,
warning that Soviet propaganda
was successfully claiming full
credit for seeking a genuine end
to the arms race. Such a claim
is absolutely false" the Belgian
statesman declared.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
THE NATIONAL SCENE
SoIoce for All
In the Primaries

boost possible sign for the West
Virginia race. But he didn't.
The figures:
Kennedy-350,000.
Nixon-400, 900.
But that was not all the bad
news. Two really minor candi-
dates on the Democratic slate
Lars DAILY, perennial America First
candidate from Chicago, and a
retired pipef1tter named John H.
Latham-together drew $4,000
votes, about 10 per cent of the
total. Observers in Indiana we're
quick to interpret that sizeable
protest" vote as anti-Cathoic
and sign of support for other
candidates not on the ballot,
Senator Symington. Senator john
son and Mr.. Stevenson.
1t was noted. also. that the
Democratic total was more than
the Republican. and this led Sena-
tor johnson to issue a statement
that the party would sweep the
country this fall" A more wide
spread belief was that a large part
Of it could be attributed to the
fact that Mr.. Nixon did not cam
paign in Indiana while Senator
Kennedy did.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Congress-:
Time to Act

President Eisenhower sent to
Congress a message outlining
once again the legislation he
thinks should be enacted at this
session.
With less than two months to
go in this session. the s6th Con-
gress seemed in no hurry at all.
last week. Since it started in jan
uary it had:
o Received more than $500 bills.
o Approved a Scant 100.
. Filled 5000 pages of the Con-
gressional Record.
Q Been able to cite only one
achievement of undisputed ma
tional importance-passage of the
civil rights bill.
And now politics entered in
earnest.
President Eisenhower sent to
his Democratic Congress a long
message gently referring to the
tendency of too great a preoccu-
patton with the events of an elec-
ton year" and less gently admon-
ishing that none Of us can afford
to electioneer at the expense" of
matters vital to all the people.
The program he advocated in
the message was largely the same
one that he had sought earlier. It
called for three big items:
Foreign aid-Enactment of the
Continued on Page C-3
Evening star., 1960-05-08

talk Of relaxed tensions" and
of co-eXiStence has weakened
seriously the discipline of the
Communist bloc and encouraged
"TitoiSm."
Such reports might find some
support in the major reshuff1le of
the Central Committee of the
Soviet Communist Party and of
the PreSidium of the Committee,
as well as in the government
Council Of Ministers, which was
announced Thursday. Frol r,
Kozlov, First Deputy Premier
who visited the United States
last year, was named to the Sec
retariat Of the all-powerful Gen.
trail Committee. In his place as
First Deputy Premier went Alex
sci N. Kosygin, who has been
chairman of the State Planning
Committee.
Mr.. Kosygin was also named
to the PreSidium, as were two
others, Nikolia Podgorny and
Dmitri S. Polyanski. Two mem
bers were ouSted, leaving the
Presidium'S total membership at
is. the largest it has ever been.
Ekaterina A. Furtseva, the sole
woman member of the Party Sec
retariat, was released from that
body and named to be Minister
of Culture.
All these reassignments were
surprising to Westerners except
the departure of Comrades Kir-
ichenko and Belyayev from the
Presidium.
Yesterday the Supreme Soviet
also announced the resignation of
President Klementi Y. Voroshilov.
veteran Bolshevik and one of the
last remaining holdovers from the
Stain era. Because Marshal
VoroShilov is 79 and known to be
in poor health, the resignation
came as no surprise. Leonid 1.
Brezhnev, 81, a protege of Mr..
Khrushchev since the latter's
Ukraine days, was named to sue
ceed to the largely ceremonial
presidency.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Middle East:
NoPickets

u. Union pickets were with
drawn Friday from the United
Arab Republics steamer Cleo
patra in New York harbOr. The
pickets had been preventing un-
loading Of the vessels cargo for
four weeks in retaliation for
UAR discrimination against Is
raeli shipping and the ban on
Israeli use Of the Suez Canal.
The State Department breathed
a big sigh Of relief when the last
placarded picket walked off the
Cleopatra'S pier at pm. Friday.
For a month, American policy
makers had tried to reconcile
American labor's undoubted right
to picket with foreign nations un-
doubted right to protest and to
retaliate.
The hapleSS Cleopatra was the
target of the Seafarers' Interna-
tional Union, which was fully pre-
pared to force a showdown on the
issue of Arab. specifically United
Arab Republic, discrimination
against Israeli shipping, American
ships with Jewish crew members,
and any-flag ships bearing car
goes for the Jewish state.
In angry retaliation, Cairo
ordered boycott on all American
shipping. Vessels awaiting pilots
for the difficult passage through
the Suez Canal found their waits
unaccountably long. At Arab
ports. water and supplies were un-
available. Ashore, crewmen were
jailed by Arab police for minor
or allegedly imaginary offenses.
Arab dock workers refused to work
American ships, or if they did,
were unusually dilatory while per-
ishable cargoes spoiled. And the
tanker captains, and their owners,
were having Nightmares over
another bottleneck in Suez.
The State Department, after
days of quiet but urgent negotia-
tionS, succeeded in striking bar
gain. With top AFL-CIO leaders,
they secured an end to the Cleo
patra picketing in return for
guarantees that the State Depart
ment would take new steps" to
Evening star., 1960-05-08
West Virginia

The appropriateness of West
Virginia as a test-bowl for this
particular primary couldn't have
been greater. Predominately Prot
estant. it would give the answer
to whether voters are shy of a
Roman Catholic President; it's
border North-South location would
remove the imperfections of sec
tionalism: many distressed areas
contrasted with the normal coun-
try-wide prosperity would say
how much political blame or
credit is placed on economic con-
ditions now; strong labor vote
should give an indication of how
liberal" the Democrats nominee
should be.
The selection of Senator's Ken
nedy and Humphrey to make the
race may not have been the per-
feet casting. They may be too
much alike in their political out
looks. Indeed their widely-ad
tiSed TV debate" of Wednesday
night turned out to be, instead,
the old operatic plot of the two
sworn enemies who turned out
really to be brothers.
But the campaign has caught
the eye of the public as no other
in this election year because what
really is at stake is the political
future of Senator Kennedy.
Both candidates were touring
the State all week. Their separa-
ton on issues was still largely
geographical: Senator Humphrey
would cut income taxes, Senator
Kennedy says he couldn't and still
be a consistent advocate of some
Government spending he favors;
Senator Humphrey was for a Fair
Trade Law but Senator Kennedy
feared it might cost consumers
millions. But things they agreed
upon were so numerous they
sounded like a good Democratic
platform.
Many observers felt that in the
end it would be the personalities
of the candidates that would
decide the race. Senator Kennedy
said he'd be lucky to get 40 per
cent of the votes and Senator
Humphrey said the West Vir-
ginia vote isn't the alpha and
omega.
Perhaps it was a last-minute
burst Of modeSty; maybe it was
just getting ready for anything
Tuesday.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Flight Admitted

At six o'clock last night the
State Department, in statement
previously cleared with President
Eisenhower, admitted the sub
stance of the Khrushchev charges.
While denying that the flight de
scribed by Mr.. Khrushchev" was
authorized by "any authority in
Washington" the statem men t
nevertheless conceded the ac-
curacy of much of the Soviet
charge
But Soviet secrecy land the
danger of surprise attack" were
blamed for the fact that "un-
armed civilian U-2 aircraft have
made flights along the frontiers
of the free world for the past
four years." the State Department
said.
If there was a consensus among
American policymakers, it ap-
peared to be that Mr.. Khrushchev
was adroitly paving the way to
place the blame for any failure
Of the summit conference at the
door of the West. After citing the
plane incident, the recent cold
war" speeches of Secretary Of
State Herter and Undersecretary
Dillon, the suggested substitution
of Vice President Nixon for Mr..
Eisenhower after seven days of
summit talks C''like' setting the
goat to guard the cabbages") the
Premier wound up by warning "if
the summit negotiations are not
a success, the people know who
are to blame" Mr.. Khrushchev
was careful to absolve President
Eisenhower personally from re-
Sponsibility for what he called
an organized obstruction of trends
toward peaceful settlement of cold
war problems.
II do not doubt the Presidents
sincere desire for peace. But,
though the President is the
highest authority in the United
States, there are evidently circles
which restrict him." the Soviet
leader said. He had previously
identified the "circles" as i'm
perialists and militarists who
have the Pentagon as their bull
wark (who) want the cold war
and the arms race to con-
tinue.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
District of Columbia

In the District the Democratic
contest between Senator Humph-
rey and Senator Morse Of Oregon
for convention delegates, was
something like a fast game of
catch on the sidelines before the
big game. Both the players were
members Of the team, all right, but
neither was expected to start in
the pitchers box.
So, Senator Humphreys easy
victory was most of all a morale
boost for his West Virginia race,
The figures were about 1000 to
5000. The voting brought a COM
plete turnover of the local Demo-
cratic political party organization.
The Republicans, on the other
hand, had a small revolt on their
hands but the well-entrenched
organization had no trouble put
ting it down.
Much was made over the small
turnout of voters. There were
about $4,000 in all. A similar pri-
mary four years ago attracted
5000.
Evening star., 1960-05-08

The battle of the primaries
in the Presidential nominating
races went on last week with
balloting in Indiana, Ohio and
the District of Columbia. The
campaigning continued In West
Virginia between Senators Ken
nedy and Humphrey.
The politically astute have long
contended that Presidential pre-
ferential primaries don't mean
anything. They may turn out to
be right. Yet it could not be de-
MED last week that they were
giving lot of people something
to talk about and keeping a lot
OF candidates busy and in trouble.
Vice President Nixon, consider
ed the certain Republican winner,
could sit quietly on the sidelines
and be grateful for the expected
signs Of strength-and there were
some. In addition, an Associated
a ANoo oAA NCy OAHU IlC d1I CdQy HAS
424 votes, nearly two-thirdS of
the 666 necessary for nomination.
The Democratic contenders, on
the contrary, were pushing and
pulling harder than ever, an
nounced and unannounced. Sen
ator Kennedy stayed far OUT in
front despite the increasing roar
OF reasons why he couldn't be
nominated. The same Associated
Press report gave him a sure to-
tai of 210l2 convention votes as
OF now. Total needed: 761. But
to show how unreliable are polls
even in this short two months
before the convention, it gave
Adlai E. Stevenson a total
strength of 31a. Somewhere be-
tween were Senators johnson,
Symington and Humphrey in
that order.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Indiunu

Neither Vice President Nixon
nor Senator Kennedy had more
than minor opposition on the
presidential preference banots in
Indiana. At stake were "a con-
vention votes for Kennedy and 80
votes for Nixon. Republicans have
won every presidential election in
Indiana since 1886. In the 1856
primary President Eisenhower
topped the Democratic voting for
Senator Kefauver to 2. If Sena-
tor Kennedy could have got a
greater total of votes than MI.
Nixon it would have been the best
Evening star., 1960-05-08
For Turkey:
Turmoil

Despite rigorous measures by
the government, Turkish stu
dents continued to demonstrate
last week in protest to the Mem
deres regimes suppression of
political activity and of press
criticism.
In South Korea, when students
began a series of demonstrations
that resulted in the departure of
Syngman Rhee from his l5-year
tenure as President of the war
torn republic, the United States
was quite openly favorable to the
change.
But in Turkey last week, a total
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Biting Remarks

He had withheld these details,
Mr.. Khrushchev told the Deputies,
Just to find out what "fabrica-
tions" the United States would
offer to explain the planes pres
ence 1880 miles inside the Soviet
Union. Employing to the fullest
his well-known talent for biting
sarcasm. the Premier talked scorn-
fully of taking air samples"
gaining altitude with French
francs" and of the pilot being
dragged against his will into
Soviet territory."
"It would be right to put the
pilot on trial" Gas a spy, the Pre-
mier observed. adding that Mr..
Pound. a former Air Force officer,
had quit his $700-a-month Air
Force commission to accept a
$2,500-a-month CIA post as a
secret agent supposedly employed
by Lockheed Aircraft Corp.
Evening star., 1960-05-08

bury Friday. Millions watched
the rites on television screens.
and for a while the tensions of
international affairs were re-
lieved by the double delights of
romance and royalty, complete
as in a fairy tale with glass
coaches and trumpet fanfares.
The royal yacht Britannia,
sleek and cleaning, sailed off
with the honeymoon couple for
a Six-week cruise, signaling the
last shore station at Lands End
Destination unknown - high
seas" If the same could be
said for the summit conference
and the cold war, at least the
Britannia's course is known to
her skipper and the seas we're
placid.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Time Out for Romance

While western statesmen
sought diligently to interpret
the significance of Soviet Pre-
mier Khrushchev's dramatics in
Moscow and the worlds nerves
frightened. Britain's royal pag-
eantry provided a happy di-
version. Princess Margaret's
marriage to Anthony Armstrong
Jones almost pushed the Krem-
lin of the front pages of the
worlds newspapers last week.
Amid traditional pomp and
splendor, cheered by thousands
along the route from Clarence
House to Westminster Abbey,
the lovely sister of Queen Eliza
beth took the marriage vows
with her commoner groom be-
fore the Archbishop of Canter-
Evening star., 1960-05-08

Pakistan to a Norway airfleld at
an altitude Of $1,000 feet.
Mr.. Khrushchev displayed what
he said were photographs taken
from the wrecked plane. He said
the pilot possessed large. amounts
of Russian, French and other cur
rency, a silencer-e equipped pistol,
and dagger. These and other
articles from the plane would be
displayed at a press conference
later, the Premier said.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Inside the Party

There was another possible
factor seen in the surprising
forcefulness of the KhruShchev
speech. For some time there have
been unofficial, perhaps largely
conjectural. reports from Moscow
that there still exist in the Soviet
hierarchy powerful remnants of
"Stalinism" who oppose the
Khrushchev program for
detente with the West. The re-
ports have it that even some of
those officials in top party posi-
tions who are loyal to the Khru-
shchev leadership fear that his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-25

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light, very fast; $35 or best
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Illustrated mags. for SO; rs
back issues Of Teen for IS.
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-25
Greetings

BONNIE v. = Merry Christmas
Sweetheart! Many, many moreI
Love Va Forever, DONNA.
MERRY CHRISTMAS to Billie
Sue, the best-looking and incest
girl in the world. Love, DICKY.
MERRY CHRISTMAS, Tom.
Jim, Donnie and Ronnie. Love,
from p. D.
MERRY CHRISTMAS to the
best nom and dad in the world.
Love va, CAROLYN, BOBBIE
and PENNY. ...t
neutrality-suspicious. on your
18th birthday. Sorry I'm late.
Love and Best Wishes Always,
JUDE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-12-25
Miscellaneous
For Sole

WHEELS, change-over from Il
to 14-inch. Ford, Chevy, Mere.
IS each. Some tires also. LU
$3.50.
FORD, "a Tudor Mainline 8
overdrive, r. & h., good body;
needs seat covers and minor
adjustments: SITS If moved to-
day; will take guitar amplifleT
Is part payment. LU. $3.50,
3027 Nash place Sc.
AUTO RADIOS. $3.50 Mere,
$3.50 Ford, '53-'54 Plymouth;
new 6-volt Motorola Universal;
2-foot, chrome, lake pipes;
Mercury and Edsel skirts. LU.
$3.50.
HUBCAPS FOR SALE; set Of Z
brand-new Corvette caps; best
oner. JU. 7-5849.
FLUTE, with case; like new:
reasonable. Call BARBARA,
Pc. 3-2460.
GUNS, $3.50 Marlin carbine,
model No. 336; .3O-0s SPRING
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CIR. 4-82T7.
THREE TWO-BARREL CARBU.
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TORQUE TUBE CHEVY
FLOORSHIFT TRANS, SIS:
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