davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-21

is high a United States Navy officer and
French explorer discovered that fish exist IN
dark, heavy world where the ocean presses
down with a weight of 10000 pounds to the
square inch.
Man himself is constantly changing the
face of the world he lives in. At present, Aus
tralians are reversing the course OF mlgnty
stream, the Snowy River, to vltallze arlo
wastes. The Dutch have wrested thousands OF
acres of farming land from the North Sea-
Brazilians have constructed new, ultra
modern capital, Brasilia, in the midst OF an
inland prairie. 80
Such projects would not be possible with
out a sure sense of geography. Geographic
knowledge affects every human enterprise
immigration, farming, fishing, mining, selling
water conservation, city planning, politics.
recreation.
Whether you reign as monarch practlce
medicine, rear children, build bridges, or
20 to school, you share an interest in geography
the world and its creatures. For geography
bv definition, is 1.-The science of the earth ana
its life: especially the description OF the land,
sea air and the distribution OF plant ana
animal life, including man and his industries.
Behind the term geography is explora-
tion Behind that is adventure And Just over
the hill is romance. :.
Since man first appeared on the eartn' IL
has been in his nature to want to know "nat
lies at the top of the highest mountain. Geogra-
phvis the tool tn at helps him scale the summitS'
Evening star., 1960-08-21

jects not directly related to the goal But TINS is
to overlook the fact that the scientist is not
ALWAYS in his laboratory or the farmer behind
his plough Once away from his work ms
knowledge of chemistry or horticulture De-
comes of little use What he needs most-what
everyone needs-is an ability to live with him.
self and with other people. And for this tne
study of Literature can be an invaluable ald'
There are many things to be gained IRON
the reading of good books. They carry US across
space and time, show us strange people and
unfamiliar situations in a way that gives them
a pecuIiar reality. History and geography can
teach facts about other countries, other cen
turies but only work Of fiction can set us IN
the middle of the scene make us feel part OF
all that banpened Politics. economies philo-
sophy sociology these are te" OF 'he sun
Evening star., 1960-08-21

Space Administra-
tion's historic weather
satellite, Tiros l, show
the earth, its con-
tinents and seas, its
clouds and storms, as
never before except in
mans imagination. One
picture shows all OF
Italv and a broad eX-
Evening star., 1960-08-21

Ry PATRICIA McCERR
Novelist

;ects of which fiction can bring US knowledge
in what might be called sugar-coated pill
Reading too, is way of building our vocao-
ulary. stimulating our imagination, giving us
greater ease in speaking and writing
Most important though, is the one quality
all great writer's seem to have in common-a
capacity to read and interpret the human MIND
and heart. Human nature changes lttle
through the years, so it's possible to gain from
a play of Shakespeare's, for instance new
insight into the problems of the girl at the next
desk or the man next door. Our own actions
our motives our relations with other people
these can be a puzzle to us till, suddenly
novel or a short story brings sense OF recognl-
ton and we say, That's me. That's the way
acted That's why did what did
In our work, in our social life, IN our
homes. we have frequent need to influence,to
convince. to please others. Certainly, II makes
sense to seek, by every available means
better understanding of them and OF ourselves.
The wisdom to be found in books can holo
kew to our personal happiness and success.
But beyond this everyday practically, there's
more. much more. There's pleasure in good
reading, and excitement, adventure ana
beauty. The greatest books deal with the great
est truths of yesterday, today and eternity.
To miss them is to miss an important part OF
living
SUNDAY THE STAR MAGAZINE, WASHINGTON
Evening star., 1960-08-21

BIOGRAPHY has entered the space age
VTFor the first time in history geograpners
can see our planet exactly as 1t appears from
a man-made object circllng 4oO miles In 'he
sky ..:
Photographs sent to earth from teleVision
cameras in the National AeronautlcS anu
Evening star., 1960-08-21

clergyman, DOCTOR. en-
gineer-the list is long
er than the alphabet.
And because many OF
these careers call for
special and intensive
training, there's a temp
tation to narrow the
field of study, to say
there's no time for sub
Evening star., 1960-08-21

W7HAT are you going to be wnen you you r1niSm hn;na
w school? That's question that can bring
a wide variety of answers. Artist, bookkeeper'
Evening star., 1960-08-21
Why Study. f,s% sS"i'SS:: SSs: 80
GEOGRAPHY?
Nv MELVILLE BELL GROSVEN'

President and Editor,
The National Geographic Society and Magazine
Kodiak mirror., 1960-08-13
Drum & BugIe Team In Concert At High School Auditorium Thursday

The Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, Drum and Bugle Team, on return visit to Kodiak next week, will give a concert at the high school audi torium, Thursday evening, August 18. The concert, beginning at 8 p.m., will last approximately 30 minutes. Admittance is free.
 The group is unique, being a drill team with music. It is not a Drum Corps" but rather a Drum and Bugle Team.
 Since its origin eight years ago, the team has travelled over 500,000 miles in its mission of good will and understanding between the United States and her allies. The young Marines have been called the Musical Ambassadors of Good Will" and have gathered laurels throughout the Far East and Pa cific areas.
 The unit has entertained such dignitaries as the Emperor, Crown Prince and Princess of Japan, Gen. eralissimo Chiang Kai Shek of China, King Hussein of Jordan. former President Rhee of Korea. the late President Magsaysay of the Republic of the Philippines, and American Ambassador to
Kodiak mirror., 1960-08-13

Guests the meeting included Rev Lewis White John Donnel Major Mates, Woodhouse, LaFollette
Kodiak mirror., 1960-08-13

Japan, Douglas McArthur, II.
 Based in Hawaii, the team has entertained in Thailand, Japan, Okinawa, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, the Republic of the Philip pines, Guam, Midway, Wake and along the western coast of the United States.
 Director of the Marine unit is AGySgt. Wifred BelleroSe, former Noncommissioned officer in charge of the Field Music School, San Diego, Calf.
 The concert at the high school is sponsored by the Kodiak Area Chamber of Commerce through the courtesy of the Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, Drum and Bugle Team. Ivor Schott, school superin- tendent, is making the arrange mentS for the use of the audi torium.
 A parade by the group is sched- uled for 4:30 pm. Saturday, Aug ust 20, in downtown Kodiak. The parade will form at Kraft's Super market, travel up Alaska Way, ending on Main Street in front of Sears. A marching exhibition will be given on the street in front of the store.
Kodiak mirror., 1960-08-13
Politics. Given As Main Problem In Africa Today

Problems in Africa were aired before the Rotary Club at its luncheon meeting Tuesday at the 49 Room by Robert LaFollette.
 The speaker, who had recently returned from trip there in which he had lived with several of the tribes, voiced the opinion that the big problem in Africa is politics, rather than economic. He said misconception of what is taking place there is easy to form in read ing reports and news items of the events. He said he had many of them when he entered Africa while on his trip. Illustrating this point, he said he was picked up by the authorities in South Sudan, where the Arabs rule the Africans, and given 48 hours in which to leave the country, on suspicion of being a spy. This was due to his habit of fraternizing with the na- tiveS.
 The Arabs are afraid of any con- tacts the Africans may have with the whites, mainly European.
 In Kenya, he said, it was quite different. Also in Tanganyika where there were four kinds of people-black, white, Indian and Moslem Tn this part of Africa, one tribe hates another. It is not a simple case of black against white, but tribe fighting tribe.
 The second major problem, La Toilette said, is lack of education. "The African is susceptible to propaganda because of his lack of education. The leaders tell them America does this; Europeans do that; and Russia something else"
 The third problem, he said, is one of economies.
 How can we best help these people and understand their prob lem?" the speaker asked. He thought the best way would be by making personal contacts, far wider exchange between Africans and Americans, the better to ac- quaint them of our democratic principles. He described them as oppressed people who will turn to those who can help them.
 In the absence of the president, Art Brooks, and vice president, Archie Zehe, Dr. Bruce Keers pre- sided. He announced general as- sembly for Wednesday evening and a change in the noon luncheon time from Tuesday to Thursday when the District Governor, Her bert Lohr, will address the club.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Prominent Builder Charges Land Use
Plan Is Unsound and Financially Bad

trends and do not allow true
satellite community facilities"
He added that the plan is not
financially feasible because its
predominant low density pro-
posals are not balanced by the
higher residential density and
industrial and commercial de-
velopment needed to form a
sound broad tax base.
''If this type of planning for
planning areas were multiplied
many times" he predicted, "the
weight of many deficit areas
may cause the overall plan to
collapse or services to suffer
drastically."
He contended that the pro
posed low density development
appears intended for a bed
room community" and ignores
pressures created by new sewers
and highways.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Candidates Concerned By
Rising Cost Of Education

expenditures and policies, as
serting there is a rising tide
of protest against the very high
cost of public education"
Terming the cost "stagger-
ing" James predicted that the
county's school tax bills will
continue to mount unless some
intelligent choice in the area of
public education is made"
James hit at what he termed
a lack of fundamentals" in the
modern schools, and called for
greater emphasis on the "three
RS" He said ut seems patent
ly clear to me that no person
may be accounted educated who
cannot, for example, read with
facility; who cannot adequately
express himself in good English
and who is not competent and
accurate in basic mathematical
computations"
Assails Extra Duties
He also asserted that teachers
have become burdened with
non-instructional duties to the
extent that systematic instruc-
ton and positive achievement
have suffered"
Crazy, a chemical engineer,
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

practiced by the amusement
park.
The court dismissed the argu-
ment and sternly lectured the
youthful demonstrators for
Haunting the traditional sancti.
ty of private property rights.
He described their attempts
to force migration at the park
as "the nearest thing to taking
the law into your own hands
that / can think Of"
He warned the defendants
that, If any sit.in demonstra-
tons produce any public dis
turbance or violence, the often
ders would go TO jail as quick
as lightning"
He said Maryland law always
has recognized the right OF a
private property owner to deny
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

cited his experience in business
and asserted he is seeking cleo
ton because he feels the Board
of Education needs the services
of a member schooled in man.
agement.
The business affairs of the
school system, Crary asserted,
need straight line supervision
such as is employed by indus
try" in the face of rising educa-
tional costs.
Mrs. Kicker, too, expressed
concern about school costs, but
said she has greater concern
about what can be accomplished
for education through the ex-
penditure of money. She said
she favors a program of maxi
mum usefulness for each child"
along with wise spending" of
school funds.
Economies Seen Possible
Green, like Crary. cited his
own business experience and
said he is interested in election
to the board because of his de-
sire ito give you more for your
tax dollar" He said he feels
there are some areas in the edu-
CONTINUED on Page 81
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

supporting all its police protec-
ton by increasing the city's
law enforcement activities.
THE county taxes us for
police protection" Ecker said,
land we expect to get it. I'm
not convinced that the county
won't let down here as we ex-
pand."
The radar program, expected
to get underway in the next
month, was designed for patrol
ing residential streets known to
have speeding problems. 1t will
be conducted on a spot-check
basis, Mayor Alexander J..
Greene said.
We'll get the reputation of a
town with stiff enforcement of
speed limits, and that will be
good" Greene declared. "Just
get a few speeders in the prob
lem areas and you'll soon get a
slow down in those areas"
The council approved the pur.
chase of the $500 radar unit
and a yearly $4500 for an addi-
tional policeman to conduct the
spot checks.
In other action the council
started proceedings for annexa-
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

Can we stop these areas
from developing in the light Of
the long-range economic forces
at work." Freeman asked.
"The answer to this question
can be found in a statement by
Councilman David L. Cahoon in
a recent (newspaper) article,
You must discard the idea that
coming can serve as the only
dam to the formidable pres
sures of land economy. Zon-
ing's legal structure may break
under the strain"
In failing to make adequate
allowance for apartment con.
struction, the plan in effect Is
aimed against progress and
growth" Freeman declared.
During the last 10 years, he
recalled, the rate Of apartment
construction in both Montgom-
Continued on Page 81
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Is OK'd
To Cope With
Catastrophes

A natural disaster" plan to
coordinate governmental and
private resources in the county
to minimize loss of life and suf-
fering during emergencies has
the County Councils approval.
The plan, presented at the
county heads meeting Tuesday
by DR.. William Peoples, county
health officer, covers situations
when normal emergency medi-
cal facilities are likely to be
strained beyond their capacity.
This would include train wrecks,
large fires, and similar catas-
trophies.
1t would not apply in the
event of enemy attack, which is
covered by civil defense policies
and procedures.
The plan would go into opera
ton as soon as the police radio
dispatcher in Rockville would
receive a report of a natural
disaster"
After obtaining the county
managers approval, the dis
patcher would alert the deputy
director of civil defense, the
county Medical Society switch
board, all county fire boards and
other county authorities.
Police would have overall
charge at the scene and the
county health officer would be
responsible for medical opera
tons.
In the meantime, all county
hospitals would alert their staffs
to receive casualties. The Red
Cross would be called in, If nee
essary, to perform relief oper-
atoms.
Medical supplies and equip.
ment would be provided by res
cue squads, fire departments
and attending physicians.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

The Park and Planning Com
missions preliminary residen-
tial land use plan Is infexible,
impractical and economically
unsound, according to one of
Montgomery County's largest
builders.
The verbal blast came this
week from Carl M. Freeman,
whose firm, Carl NJ. Freeman
Associates, has built thousands
of homes and apartments in the
county during the last decade.
A public hearing on the plan
viii be held before the commits
sion at 8 pm. September 81 in
the agency's offices, 8737 Geor-
gia ave-, Silver Spring.
In a five-page statement,
Freeman charged that the land
use proposals will not elimin.
ate urban sprawl, do not fit in
with population ard building
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Tawes ProcIaims
Emergency Week

Gov. ]. Willard Tawes has pro.
claimed October S-15 as Elmer
gencies Don't Wait Week"
Purpose of the observance Is
to take note of the importance
of first aid practices in the home
and to replenish supplies.
Last year, according to Ma
tional Safety Council figures,
some $4,000 persons were killed
in home accidents.
This type of accident, the
council said, is three times as
frequent as those occurring on
the highway and more than
twice the number reported in in.
dustry.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

arbitrarily the use of his land to
any person.
Until the law Is changed,
therefore, his court will contin-
ue to regard a mans property
as his castle, whether its use
be quasi-public or private" the
judge said.
Those who would desire to
have the law changed. he said,
should bring their case "ln an
orderly fashion in a civil court"
The judge said it was very I'm
fortunate" that the test cases
were brought in criminal court.
He cited the progress of inte-
grafton in Montgomery County
schools as an example of "or.
derby" change.
But when the issue is extend
ed to the rights of private prop
CONTINUED on Page 81
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Sit-Imers Are Convicted Of Trespass;
Judge Decries Foolhardy Expeditions

Judge James H. Pugh, label.
ling the recent Glen Echo Park
sit-ins as "foolhardy expedi-
TONS" convicted 10 demonstra-
tors of criminal trespass in
Montgomery County Circuit
Court this week.
Judge Pugh imposed fines of
$50 each on five of the demon.
strators and 500 each on the
other five.
Trials of 10 other demonstra-
tors on charges ranging from
trespass to assault and battery
were continuing at mid-week.
Attorneys for the defendants
had sought their acquittal on
grounds it is unconstitutional
for the state to use its police
power to enforce a private seq.
legation policy, such as that
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

Candidates for election to the
Board of Education displayed
unanimous concern for rising
costs of education in their first
joint public appearance Monday
night but expressed varying
views on how the problems of
the school system can best be
met.
Six of the seven candidates
involved In contests for two of
the three board seats to be
filled in November turned out
in the auditorium of the Per-
petual Building Association in
Bethesda at the invitation of the
Bethesda Chevy Chase Cham
Der of Commerce, and were
heard by an audience of about
100 persons. A seventh candi-
date, James l. Humphrey, was
out of the country and unable
to attend.
The speakers included Charles
F. James, Stanley r. Green,
Mrs. Lucy S. Kicker and Ralph
w. Crazy, all contending for the
school board seat held by Mrs.
Helen Scharf, and Mrs. Anne p.
Orleans and Mrs. Lucille Maui
rer, candidates for the post held
by Mrs. Rose Kramer. Neither
Mrs. Scharf nor Mrs. Kramer is
seeking reelection.
Beck UnOppOsed
DR.. Clifford K. Beck, a third
board member whose term ex-
pires this year, is unopposed for
reelection.
James, repeatedly backed by
the conservative Council for
Better Education, hit harder
than any other speaker at school
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15

Relations.
At the same time, the council
directed County Manager Ma
son A. Butcher to prepare a
plan under which children "can
enjoy a swimming program
without regard to color, race or
creed"
The action climaxes efforts
by individuals and organizations
to pursuade the council to drop
the Glen Echo swimming facili-
ties from its recreation program
after anti-segregation demon
strations began at the park
about two months ago.
In statement accompanying
the resolution, Mrs. Ann Brown,
chairman Of the commission,
said the group has launched a
survey of other establishments
in the county to determine what
problems Of discrimination ex-
list.
She pledged that "every ef.
fort will be made to end all
discriminatory practices that
might bring embarrassment
and create unfair situations for
some residents and visitors to
our county"
Expressing confidence that
this can be achieved without
'harassment or undue pres
sure" Mrs. Brown made It clear
that the commission intends to
convince by an approach based
on friendly, gentle persuasion"
AS a start on the program,
Mrs. Brown revealed that the
commission has asked Butcher
to survey the Wheaton area.
Similar studies will be made
later in other sections Of the
county.
Emphasizing. that great
deal of the commissions work
must be done without publicity
because of the emotional aspect
Of the problem, she added:
I'VE ask your patience IL our
progress occasionally appears
slow but we feel the results
will confirm the wisdom Of our
judgment"
Another resolution adopted
by the commission and present
ed to the council called on the
Liquor Board to abolish a re-
quirement for separating races
In the use Of toilet facilities.
Councilman Joe M. Kyle ex-
pressed appreciation for the
work done so far by the COM
mission.
"As far as I am concerned"
he said, your progress is not
SLOW"
Similar sentiments were
voiced by Councilmen william
Hickey and David Cahoon.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Underground
ClassrOOlns
Given Nod

The Board of Education
did an about-face Tuesday,
approving plans for construc-
ton of four underground
classrooms at Rockinghorse
Elementary School rejected
Monday night by a 4-3 vote.
A change in position by board
member William r. Thomas,
III, paved the way for the re-
versal, under which the subter-
ranean classrooms will be con-
structed as a prototype" fall
out shelter. Some $4,000 re-
quired above the normal cost
of the rooms to provide fallout
protection will be provided by
the Office of Civil Defense.
According to plans outlined
at a recent Board of Education
meeting by Civil Defense au-
thorities, the Rockinghorse shell
ter would be one of four to be
built in the United States for
experimental purposes. While
designed for a normal classroom
capacity of 35 pupils each, they
would be capable of housing
some 500 persons under emer-
gency use.
The project was voted down
at Monday nights meeting after
board members expressed con-
Germ over the possible psycholo-
gical effects of teaching children
in a bomb shelter. However,
Thomas, who voted with the
majority on the first occasion,
requested that the matter be re-
considered at Tuesdays session.
Thomas said he had given ad-
ditional study to the project and
had become more and more
convinced that the school sys-
tenn should share responsibility
for the project. He noted that
residents of the Rockinghorse
school area and the Randolph
Hills Civic Association had Civ
en- strong support to the pilot
project.
When the matter came to a
vote, Thomas was joined by DR..
Harold F. Breimyer, Mrs. Rose
Kramer and Paul c. Howard,
who had favored the project at
Monday nights meeting. Op-
posing votes were cast by Mrs.
Helen Scharf and DIR. Clifford
Beck.
DR.. Beck, a nuclear physicist,
said he believed an experimental
shelter was desirable, but said
he thought it should occupy a
multipurpose room or cafeteria
rather than classrooms.
The shelter will be part of an
eight-room addition planned for
the Rockinghorse school.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1960-09-15
Friends Meeting
Set for Sunday

The Sandy Spring Monthly
Meeting of Friends, United, will
hold its quarterly meeting Sun
day at the meeting house, with
both morning and afternoon ses.
sions scheduled.
The ministry and counsel
group will convene at 9:45 am.
to discuss Relative Merits and
Relationships Between Media
ton and Service as Practiced
by Friends" A meeting for
worship will be held at IL am,
after which luncheon will be
served.