davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-28
New Weapon Against Polio

The approval by the United States
Public Health Service for use in this
country of a live-virus polio vaccine
adds a promising new weapon to the
fight against the disease that once
crippled or killed so many Americans.
The new vaccine, as developed by DR..
Albert B. Sabin, Of Cincinnati, Ohio,
will take its place alongside the tried
and proved Salk dead-virus vaccine in
the doctors arsenal.
Although the Public Health Service
has been criticized in some quarters for
moving slowly in its study Of the live
virus technique, we think that caution
in approving the new treatment was
thoroughly justified While it is true
that Russia and several other nations
have been using the vaccine-reportedly
with much suCcess-it is better to lean
OH the side of safety in any experiment
with new methods of treating diseases.
This was especially true in the case of
polio, since the available Salk treatment
had been found to be both safe and
effective.
The chief advantage of the live
virus vaccine is that it may be taken by
mouth, in pleasant-tasting form at
tractive to children, rather than by
hypodermic injection. Fear of the hypo-
dermic needle admittedly has been
factor in the failure of many persons
to get the shots which they need to
immunize them against polio. But the
live-viruS method required adequate
testing to insure that there would be
no danger to those taking the vaccine.
DR.. Leroy E. Burney, Surgeon General
of the Public Health Service, correctly
states that he owes no apologies to
anyone for being careful to insure the
safety Of the product beforN releasing
it for general public use.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Labor Speoks-but Softly

In places where the labor vote
should be significant factor in Novem-
ber, the AFL-CIO Endorsement of Sena-
tor Kennedy ought to be helpful to the
Democratic presidential ticket. Many Of
these places are in States with large
blocs of electoral votes, and consequently
mining the outcome of the November
contest.
At the same time, there are some
reservations about the net value Of the
labor notwithstanding in the first in
stance from the lukewarm quality of the
Endorsement itself. 1t was not, for ex-
ample, unanimous. A. Philip Randolph,
president of the Sleeping Car Porters,
declined to subscribe and Joseph Cur
ran, president of the Maritime Union,
revealed that he had done so with some
reluctance. In addition, several union
officials who are members of the fed
eration'S general board were pointedly
absent from the Endorsement meeting
and repeatedly are in disagreement.
There was admitted GOODNESS about the
fair" record of Senator Johnson, Mr..
Kennedy'S running mate, and even the
criticism of Republican nominee Nixon
noted that he would undoubtedly be
a forceful President who would grasp
issues rather than avoid them" Finally,
it is recognized that labor Endorsement
is something of a two-edged sword
almost sure to cut against the Demo-
cratic ticket in States where big labor is
unpopular and close association with it
is suspect. Nevertheless, while labor
leadership does not control the votes of
its membership, it has proved its ca
pacity for effective work at the precinct
level and in getting out the vote on elec-
ton day. But If the Kennedy Johnson
Endorsement is to be meaningful, labor's
political action will have to be more
ardent than it's lukewarm words.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
100 Years Ago

Practical politician that he
was, Stephen A. Douglas had
seen too many discouraging
signs by this time a century
ago to believe he was headed
for the White House. He still
campaigned vigorously as a
Democratic candidate for the
presidency, but he now con-
centrated more on saving the
Union. He loved his country
and was concerned over
mounting talk of secession.
He started touring Virginia,
ready to speak to all who
would listen. disregarding the
fact that many Southerners
despised him as a disguised
abolitionist." The Star Of
August "a, 1860, quoted the
Richmond Whig as urging
Virginians to watch their
manners when Douglas came:
Extend to the distinguished
statesman the courtesy and
hospitality due to all we'll
behaved strangers. especially
to one so devoted to the
Union of the States. If
Judge Douglas is to be in
suited and outraged, and
lasting reproach thus be
thrown upon the character Of
the South, let the RESPONSE
bility and shame rest upon
the Yancey Breckinridgers,
and not upon any Of the
members of that party, whose
proud boast it is to 'recog-
nize each other by the in
stincts of gentlemen!" From
The Star Of August 26. 1860:
Norfolk - Judge Douglas
last night addressed about
5000 persons in front of City
Hall. His speech was an able
one, principally devoted to
the popular sovereignty Of
the Territories. The au-
dience was very attentive and
orderly. but no enthusiasm
marked the meeting. :"
Star. August 27. 1860: "Pe-
tersburg-Mr. Douglas met
with an enthusiastic recep-
tion here. some three or four
thousand persons being as
Sembled. A salute Of 100 guns
was fired. He spoke for
two hours, concluding amid
tremendous cheering. :"
Senator Douglas displayed
courage invading the South
and speaking frankly and
forcefully on the dangers and
evils Of splitting the Union.
Some radicals cursed him:
ruffianS threatened him and
there were reported attempts
to wreck his train. At Nor
folk, he said he wanted no
votes except from men who
desired the Union preserved
by faithful execution OF the
Constitution. Asked by a
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Pretty and Talented

The letter from Betty
Hallman does a complete in
justice to an innocent party.
Ruth Rea. who was selected
by the judges as Miss Wash
ington. DC, 1960-6l.
Washington can indeed be
proud Of the representative
it is sending to Atlantic City
for the Miss America con-
test. I was not a judge, but
I attended the judgings Of
all contestants from the
beginning to the end and it
was obvious that in Miss Rea
the District has a potential
Miss America.
Miss Rea is not the candi-
date. who, according to Mrs.
Hallman got up and said
Tin her talent routine) that
she had no talent"
Miss Rea has an outstand-
ing talent as a singer. ac-
cording to many observers Of
this years contest. and she
should do well professionally
in the future. whether she
wins the Miss America con-
test or not.
Malcolm M. Semple.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Mokinq Life Too Easy

We wish that parents as well as their
. offspring would pay some attention to
the good advice which SiXth-grade
teacher has offered them in a speech at
the annual convention of the American
Federation of Teachers in Dayton, Ohio.
Miss Sophie Jaffe, who teaches in an
elementary school at New Britain, Con-
necticut, believes that today's children
are too pampered for their own good
and for the good of the community. We
agree with her that when boy or girl
can get what he or she wants merely by
asking or perhaps pleading with their
parents, the incentive for work and for
sacrificing vanisheS.
It is natural for parents to want
their children to have the best of every
thing-up to point. But Miss Jaffe
thinks that many parents have "gone
overheard in making things easy and
pleasant for their children. They have
done this in the mistaken belief that
by making the young ones happy they
are averting Illustrations and disap-
pointments that might hamper them in
later years. For example, the teacher
pointed out, many children have tele-
vision sets in their bedrooms, carry port
able radios to school and brag about
their ability to have nearly anything
their hearts desire.
However, as Miss Jaffe stressed at
the convention, there are more impor-
tant things in life than TV and radio
and movies and automobiles. Children
must learn as children" she said, that
one, cannot have everything one wants;
that money and material abundance are
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Break With TruTHo

1t has been reported thaC tnere is
"deep worry" in Washington following
our severance of diplomatic relations
with the Dominican Republic, and there
certainly is abundant reason for concern.
This is no time to belabor the State
Department. It's action was taken pur-
suant to the recommendation by the
Organization of American States calling
for a break in diplomatic relations and
the application of limited economic
sanctions in an effort to bring down the
Rightist Trujillo dictatorship. Our Gov
ernment would have preferred to take
a different course, but it has to be re-
n1embered that we cannot expect to
operate within the OAS framework and
also pursue an independent policy.
Nevertheless, there is grave doubt
that the interests of the United States
will be served by the step we have taken.
And when all is said and done, it is the
interests Of our own country which
should basically concern us.
The wisdom or unWiSdom Of the
action taken will turn primarily on two
tests. One has to do with the eventual
OAS action with respect to Fidel Cas-
tro's Red-tinged Cuban regime. The
outlook is considerably less than prom
ising. There is no prospect of any CO.
ercive action even remotely comparable
to that taken against Trujillo. 1t is
virtually certain that there will be no
specific condemnation Of Castro-even
Of the slap-on-t -the-wrist variety. In all
probability we will have to settle for
weak kneed resolution protesting
against Communist or extra a-hemispheric
intrusion, and even this may not name
Russia or Communist China.
If this is the end result, the United
States will find itself in anything but
been party to lowering the boom on
the dictatorship in the Dominican Re
public, which, whatever its sins, has
given no direct offenSe to us. But the
left-wing dictatorship in Havana, which
is furiously trying to undermine the
United States, which has openly af-
fronted the OAS and which poses an
incomparably greater threat to Latin
American security, may very we'll emerge
unScathed, or even stronger.
The other test, assuming that the
OAS is able to pull down the Trujillo
regime, which is at least doubtful, is
concerned with that which may follow.
After 80 years of one-man rule, there
is no organized political opposition in
the Dominican Republic. Thus, if Tru-
tillo falls, who will take over? May we
expect utter chaos, or will the Commu-
nistS move in? These grave risks are
inherent in any attempt to intervene in
the domestic affairs of any country with
view to ousting one ruler without hav-
ing successor in sight or in mind. Yet
these are the risks that we and the OAS
are inviting in this Dominican Republic
venture, and this is why there is, and
should be, deep worry in Washington.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
FROM THE STAR F|LES..

up for a long time or by
coming down much too fast.
On August 81, 1910, this pa
per said: Clifford B. Har-
mon, Greenwich, Conn.
businessman and amateur
aviator, today made the first
fight. across Long Island
Sound in a heavier-than-air
machine. He flew the %
miles from Garden City to
Greenwich in 80 minutes.
His wife watched the flight
through a telescope. When he
landed in a field, high grass
caught in the works. break
ing the chassis and wires, but
not damaging the engine or
hurting the pilot :"
Evening star., 1960-08-28

ers of His day were as ven-
omouS and deadly as vipers.
Even the Christ Of God could
be scornful, but never did He
sit habitually in, the hateful
place-the seat Of the scorn-
full.
For those who from this
baneful park bench hurl
words Of discount and dis
couragement as the race Of
men pass by. words which
wound and sometimes kill,
David has this vivid char
acterization-:their throat is
an open sepuEher. They have
sharpened their tongues like
a serpent. adder's poison is
under their lips" No wonder
it was David who painted the
sign, beware of those who sit
in the seat of the scornful."
Those who from that park
bench pour little but their
sour and critical appraisals,
have divested themselves OF
the noble creative virtues OF
magnanimity, appreciation,
and love.
Now those who choose
this park bench are charac-
terized by, always being sure
OF things they are against.
They do not seem to be con-
scious that affirmation is al
ways 10 times stronger than
denunciation. In these pre-
election months, from the
platform and on the speak
ing air there are voices galore
telling the Nation what they
are against. In this bewil-
dered and baffled day never
were there so many against
so much.
Now. one does not have to
choose the seat Of the scorn-
full as his constant broad
casting station to be violently
against all for which atheis-
tic communism stands. But
this is a time to be reminded
that it is not enough to see
Red every time anywhere
in the world this evil system
shows its blighting hand.
The thing that will prevail at
last over regimented tyranny,
with its ball and chain, is a
vibrant, positive democracy
in which we believe more
strongly and love more deeply
than we hate totalitarianiSm.
America will help ring the
death toll Of goddess regi-
1mentation and help insure
that even KhruS h C h ev's S
grandchildren will live WI;er
frAe3om. not mainly by t:e-
nunciation Of the things she
is set to deplore. but by lift
ing aloft for all the world
the blazing torch Of the
things she Is for.
No future generation will
want to put a marker on any
public bench where. in this
critical day, are seated those
whose only contribution to
the troubled scene is to
scornfully proclaim a list of
the things they are against.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Stout ChoIIenqer
The West German S

The West German Social Democratic
Party probably has chosen its ablest
and most popular figure to lead its 1861
election fight against the Christian
Democrats and their uninterrupted
control of government since 1949. BY
unanimous vote of the party'S executive
committee, 46-year-old Mayor Willy
Brandt of West Berlin will head Social
iSt ticket and be in line for the Office
of Chancellor if the Christian Demo-
cratic hold on the government is broken.
For the Western alliance, the posi-
bility that Mr.. Brandt might succeed the
now 84-year-old Konrad Adenauer in
Bonn should arouse no misgivingS. A
refugee from Nazi Germany, Mr.. Brandt
returned to his homeland after World
War II and for the past decade has
moved steadily ahead in national politi-
cal prestige and in influence within his
own party. He has been bold foe of
communism and a determined friend
of the Western community His first
pronouncement on his selection to head
the Socialist campaign next year (the
elections will be in September, 1861
was a pledge to keep the Federal Re-
public firmly in its place as leading
partner in the Western alliance
On the domestic front, and perhaps
as keynote to his campaign plans, Mr.
Brandt also issued a conciliatory call
for national unity and a promise to
preserve the same basic course as that
followed by the rival party. 1--WE will
not do everything different" he said,
I'VE will only do it better"
The strength of the Christian Demo-
cratic Party, to say nothing of the per-
sonal popularity of DR.. Adenauer should
he again be its campaign leader next
year, makes it obvious that the Socialist
fight is an uphill one. 1t is certain, how
ever, to have greater vigor and nation
wide appeal under Mr.. Brandt's COM
mand than ever before.
Evening star., 1960-08-28

heckler whether the South
would be justified in seeding
If Lincoln were elected. he
gave an emphatic negative
answer. Asked again whether
he thought the North would
be justified in using force to
prevent secession, he said:
1T is the duty of the Presi-
dent to enforce the laws
OF the United States and !
am duty-bound to do all in
my power to aid the Govern
ment in maintaining the Su-
premacy Of the laws against
all resistance to them, come
from what quarter it will. -"
At Raleigh, N. c.. he said:
II would hang every man
higher than Hannah who
would attempt to resist by
force the execution Of any
provision Of the Constitution
which our fathers made and
hen,IeathAd tn lis
Evening star., 1960-08-28
On Leoshinq Cats

On September 8 the city
council of Greenbelt, Md, will
consider a proposal which is
thoughtless, foolish, and even
cruel-that of a leash law for
cats.
If this proposal is passed,
it will make it next to impos-
sible for anyone in Greenbelt
to own a cat. What's more.
the idea will most assuredly
spread. just as the dog ordi-
nance has.
This leash law is as shaky
and senseless as a foam-rub-
ber table. The idea seems to
be to keep all cats under con-
troll while not inside the own
ers' property.
Dogs are easy enough to
keep under control. if me-
dium-size or under. They can
be allowed to roam freely in
the yard. while a fence re-
strains them. Can the city
council explain how q fence
can be built which will re-
strain a cat? And have any Of
them ever tried to put a leash
on a cat?
Frederick p. Shultz.
y
When Adlai Stevenson was
Governor of Illinois, someone
tried to put a bill through the
Illinois Legislature to restrain
cats from running at large.
The following was part OF
the Governors veto:
II cannot agree that a cat
visiting a neighbor's yard Is
a public nuisance. 1t is the
nature Of cats to do a certain
amount of unescorted roam
ing. 1t is my opinion we have
enough to do without trying
to control feline delinquency
Mrs. Geo. A. B. Prescott.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
so Years Ago

Washington Catcher
Charles (Gabby) Street dar-
ingly caught a baseball
dropped from a window Of
the Washington Monument
in 1909. and practically every
big league backstop who
came here after that debated
whether to attempt the stunt.
On August "a. 1910, The Star
reported: Billy Sullivan, Q
catcher for the Chicago
White Sox, today duplicated
Streets feat by catching a
ball thrown from a window
Of the Monument - then
caught two more balls thrown
from the same eminence. q
record likely to stand for
many moons Big Ed
Walsh, winner Of yesterdays
pitching battle with Walter
johnson, tossed the pellets
down, putting considerable
speed behind the throws to
counteract effects of q
breeze. =. Walsh threw "a
balls befoBe Sullivan caught
one. He ] threw Is more.
Of which Sullivan snagged
Hardly a day passed so
years ago without the air.
plane making The Stars
front page, either by staying
Evening star., 1960-08-28
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
A Park Bench
BY DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United States Senate

One OF the loVeliest stories
involving a park bench is en-
titled. "The Man Who Played
God" From a high apartment
window fronting the park, a
philanthropiSt AFFLICTED with
total deafness. and who be-
cause of his handicap had
mastered lip-reading, "lis-
tened" with the aid of a tele-
scope to pathetic stories Of
those who poured out their
woes to some companion on
a park bench far below. Thus,
ascertaining their yearning
needs. he was able anony-
mously to play God in max
ing dreams come true.
This August in the Nations
Capital q park bench has
been lifted to public view and
marked with a bronze plaque
for here, in q secluded nook
near the White House, has
often sat one of Americas
wisest men, an outstanding
business leader, an adviser to
seven Presidents. and a
statesman now 80, whose
horizons have stretched be-
yond partisan politics.
The weathered old wooden
bench thus marked has been,
across the years. the favorite
meditation place of Mr.. Ber-
nard M. Baruch. The tablet
cites this elder statesman for
his inspiring devotion to
country and distinguished
service to boyhood."
This sagacious philosopher
has spent quiet hours in La
fayette Park, so near the seat
OF Government, and yet far
from the maddening crowds,
as in national crisis with
their tangled problems affect
ing a perplexed world, alone
and sharing his views with
others he has engaged in
thinking sessions" whose
harvests have brought forth
suggested solutions. helpful
to those in the seats of the
mighty.
The prophet Ezekiel's ex-
perience. as for seven days
he sat listening to the thorny
problems of his countrymen
listening but not speaking
until all the evidence was in
is summed up in one sentence
Then I sat where they sat
and was astonished." Just
by Sitting" he was qualified
later to speak words Of wis
dom to those who needed to
hear his voice.
Now the park bench occu-
pied by one man, with ben
evolent schemes buzzing in
his brain, was never the seat
of the scornful. There is one
park bench about which q
warning has been posted for
5000 years. In one of the
supreme pieces Of literature,
The First Psalm, with its ap-
pealing references to trees
there is a notice which all
who are tempted to find q
place on a certain bench
always overcrowded - 1.-THE
seat Of the scornful" should
stop and ponder. 1t plainly
advises keep away" fol
blessed is the man who sit.
teth not in the seat of the
scornful."
OF course it does not follow
that expressions of Scorn arr
always to be put among th'
deadly sins. The Christ, whom
too often we think of simpl,
as the gentle Jesus, on occa
sion could be singing in Hi
barbs against duplicity an,
sham. He declared that SOM
sanctimonious religious lead
Evening star., 1960-08-28

medical care for the aged
through increased social Sc
curity rates, should be pleased
to give health or a comforta-
BILE death to members Of a
less fortunate generation.
r n
Evening star., 1960-08-28

not the acme of American democracy"
This Nation, in fact, was founded on
hard work and personal sacrifice. 1t will
take hard work and sacrifices by all to
keep our country strong. We will be
doing the young people of our genera
tion a grave disService if we fail to pre-
pare them to carry the burdens which
inevitably lie ahead.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry UriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
terS are subject to condenSG-
tion. Those not used tDil be
returned only lDhen accom-
panied By self = addressed,
stamped envelopes.
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Weiqh Candidates

The independent voter and
those who put country before
party cannot be happy with
either party platform, but
certainly the Republican plat
form is the lesser evil.
In the natural order Of
events, wider range of expert
ence and seniority. the Vice
President would seem the
best and logical choice for the
Presidency. However, char
acter. personality and other
factors enter into the deci-
sion of the voter. And it is
to be remembered that the
President is the President of
all the people of these United
States.
Mrs. Roosevelt said she
felt that "he (Kennedy) has
the desire to be a good pub
lie servant. and he has the
ability to learn" But do we
have the time to wait while
he's learning?
The other side of the ques-
ton is does the Office of the
Vice Presidency provide spe-
cial training for the next step
up? I think it does, and has
in the present case, but if it
does not and has not, we
should see that from now on
that it does. It should always
follow that a Vice President
will be the best candidate.
but we should always have a
man in that position who is
fully capable Of assuming the
office of President in case
of necessity. Ardis L. Snow
Movie Critic
Espresso Bongo" accord
ing to a recent letter by
Joseph S. Cochran, is "ob-
scene" This is not the
truth. The film is a clever
satire with a good SCREEN
play. Those references to
boldly undressed," semi
nude babeS," etc., were prob
ably pulled out of context
from some reviews. Appar-
emily drama critics Jay Car
mody and Richard Coe didn't t
think the film was so morally
degrading.
Cheap horror pictures are
turning films into the lowest
of the arts. william d. Ora!
Evening star., 1960-08-28
Stand Taken

The Board Of the Wash
ington Ethical Society. at
its August meeting. went on
record in favor of the de-
segregation of Glen Echo
Amusement Park. We be-
lieve that all forms Of racial
discrimination sh Mould be
eliminated from American
community life.
Edward L. Ericsson.
Leader Washington Ethical
Society
Evening star., 1960-08-28

Gen. Hugh johnson, Works
Progress Administrator for
New York City, was fighting
mad Is years ago because
many people preferred to sit
at home and collect relief
checks, rather than work on
his projects. The Star Of Au-
gust 25. 1895 stated: With
10000 W.P.A. jobs open and
no takers, Gen. johnson has
threatened to prosecute able
bodied heads of families on
the home relief rolls who re-
fuse to so to work whhAl
called on. :"