davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Cuban Resistance

In regard to the position
you have taken concerning
the threat to Guantanamo,
in which you stated that the
United States should make
certain to Mr.. Castro that
we will use whatever force
is necessary to maintain our
rightful position in Guam
tanamo." let me compli-
ment you.
Recently I have read OF an
anti-Castro revolt taking
birth in the Escambray
Mountains of Central Cuba.
This is good, and perhaps
will influence the reaction
of the Cuban people toward
the Castro government.
1t would be surprising if
any internal anti-Castro
force succeeded in q revolt.
With Castro's power at such
heights, and with the direct
help he is receiving from the
Soviet Union. a successful
revolution would seem I'M
achievable. However, if Cas-
tro attempts any form of
physical aggression against
Guantanamo, 1 hope our
next President will not just
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Arms and the Past

I am writing to ask If you
will have your paper acquaint
the American public with
the danger of the Russian
plan disarmament first, in
Spection later.
1 believe that a series of
articles on what happened
to our country in the early
'20s, when we Joined with
other leading nations in a
naval disarmament plan,
would enable this generation
to better judge the present
Russian plan.
I may be in error, but if 1
remember correctly, naval
disarmament put us in the
category of being the third
naval power, as the United
States was the only nation
that actually did destroy
her warshipS.
The fact that Japan at
that time was totally unpre-
pared for war saved us from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Ike Says No

The Presidents rejection of the re-
quest from five neutral leaders that he
meet with Nikita Khrushchev is based on
the belief that meeting now would con-
tribute nothing toward a solution of out
standing differences. There is ample
basis for this belief, including Mr.. Khru-
shchev'S latest display of crude AFRO
gance on Saturday before the General
Assembly.
This is an estimate, however, which
may not give sufficient weight to the
factor of world opinion, especially opin-
ion in the So-called uncommitted coun-
tries. There was strong indication that
the neutraliSt resolution would have
been overwhelmingly adopted by the
General Assembly. 1t is possible Mr..
EiSenhower's statement of refusal will
head of an Assembly vote. But there is
no assurance that 1t will remove the
sentiment in favor of an Eisenhower
Khrushchev meeting, even though 1t
should prove to be an exercise in futility.
And there is also the question whether
this rejection has given to Mr.. Khru-
shchev propaganda weapon which he
will be able to use effectively against the
United States and to his own advantage.
Still, the decision has been made.
Mr. Eisenhower has acted after consul
tation with his most knowledgeable ad-
viSerS, and he has of course been mott
waited by what he considers to be the
best interests of the United States and
the world at large. There is a suggestion
in the Presidents statement that the
door has not been cloSed-that there
may still be negotiations If and when the
Soviet Union evidences a genuine desire
to discuss concrete measures to reduce
tensions" But there is small prospect
that anything will come of this in the
foreseeable future. 1t is more realistic
to suppose that Mr.. Khrushchev will
step up his furious effort to picture the
United States as the barrier to and the
enemy Of peace. Our best hope is that
he will so f1agrantly everyday his hand
that no one will be deceived.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

AT 8 o'clock Tuesday night
the last public hearing on
the Preliminary Residential
Land Use Plan for Montgom-
cry County will be held in
the auditorium Of the Mary
land-National Capital Park
and Planning Commission in
Silver Spring. This may be
the last opportunity the cit
liens Of the Upper County
will have to support a pro-
gram for future development
Of their area which pre-
serves its scenic beauty and
natural resources. At the
moment a preliminary plan
Incorporating such objec-
tives stands to be defeated
almost by default-by land
developers who equate I'M
inhibited and unguided land
utilization with the best in
tereSts of the county.
What the plan proposes
is the concentration of high
density development around
particular areas where logic
and circumstance indicate
the suitability Of satellite
communities; it reserves the
stream valleys, wooded areas
and open spaces for low
density residential use.
Opposition to the plan has
been most vigorously ex-
pressed by E. Brooke Lee,
large landowner and sub
divider. At the first hearing
Lee attacked this amazing"
plan as destructive to the
investment or development
value of large areas"
ana as new, arbltrary, and
unreasonable attempts at
land use regulation well be-
yond the limits of such con-
troll previously attempted by
local governmental agen-
cies."
Interested citizens can in
fluence the outcome in two
ways: Cd Speak at the pub
lie hearing. and t2) send
their views to the M-NCPPC.
1857 Georgia avenue, Silver
Spring, for inclusion in the
record Of the hearings. Writ
ten material may be &C
cepted any time prior to
November 4, 1860.
Harold A. Knapp.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Matter of Fact

Your story september IL,
dealing with a decision Of
the Arlington County Board
to rehear on october 8 a pro-
posal to include the South
side freeway in the county's
Major Transportation Plan,
contained a misstatement.
1t was stated that the pro-
posed Southside freeway
would consume about one
third" Of the Army Navy
Country Club. This is in
accurate.
Instead of consuming a
third of the Army Navy
Country Club it would affect
only 16 acres or 3 per cent
Of the clubs area.
The small amount of the
country club area which
would be used for the South
side freeway is in addition to
smaller tracts of land be-
tween the club and S. Mon
roe st. The county now con-
trolls most of the route for
the proposed freeway.
The limited-access South
side freeway is needed in
South Arlington as Columbia
pike and Shirley highway
will be unable to handle the
traffic.
AS your news account Of
September II correctly stat
ed, County Board Member
Lucas H. Blevins, who moved
reconsideration of the South
side freeway's inclusion in
the Major Transportation
Plan. favorS taking steps now
to preserve the rights of way.
Also, as County Board Chair
man Herbert Brown pointed
out, the Southside freeway,
the route recommended by
the County Highway Depart
ment represents the best
available professional advice"
for solution of mounting
traffic congestion.
The Arlington Apartment
Owners Association is on rec
ord for inclusion of the
SouthSide freeway in the
Major Transportation Plan.
The association believes that
its future construction is
essential and, if constructed,
will provide greatest benefits
to the greatest number of
Arlington's residents.
Frank Appel,
Public Relations Chairman,
Arlington Apartment Own
ers Association.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
MoIotov in Vienna

Now that he has been moved from
Outer Mongolia to serve in Vienna as
the Kremlin's permanent representative
IN the international Atomic Energy
Agency, former Premier and Foreign
Minister Molotov has lost no time in
getting back to his old speciality
namely, obstructionist augmentation.
Certainly no modern diplomat has
done better than he has in this field. It
Is field that embraces nothing less
than the fine art of begging down nego-
tiations, and he has shown that he still
is a past master at it. He has done so
by giving voice to labored propaganda
In which great numbers of false prem
Uses, illogical conclusions and unabashed
distortions are presented as if they were
the quintesSence of irrefutable truth.
And they have been addressed to the
Fourth General Conference of the To-
nation IAEA primarily in an effort to
persuade the gullible that the United
States is trying to speed up the atoms
for-peace program for purely selfish,
imperialistic reasons.
In this connection, Mr.. Molotov has
been especially critical of our Govern
ment's plan for inspectional safeguards
against the possibility that fashionable
materials distributed through the IAEA
might be diverted Surreptitiously into
military channels. The plan is wholly
In keeping with a provision of the
agency's charter, which has been ratified
by all the member states, including
Russia. More than that, 1t has just been
adopted by strong majority of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

the opposition Soundly over
the head with the most I'M
improbable politeness.
Khrushchev banged the ia
BILE simply because Macmil-
Ian was tearing his case apart
with flawleSs manner and
taste and skill. Unlike. the
President of the United
States, who is aloof from
such ceaseless contentious,
any Prime Minister of Brit
ain must face his opposition
day by day in a very tough
place, the House of Commons.
Now, some may consider
debating a mere exercise for
pantywaists, but they could
not be more wrong. This is
one exercise in which you
have got to have long know
how, and usually a kind OF
inherited talent. To send an
unskilled man into a parlia-
mentary forum, no matter
how much inherent power he
may control, is like sending a
250-pound farm boy against a
160-pound professional boxer
who has been long in the
trade.
The unskilled man will lose
first his argument and then
his head. When his head is
lost. when he begins to shout
and scream, he does more
than merely annoy his hear
ers in such a forum of pro-
fessionalism. He also loses
basic credit; what he has
said so poorly will begin to
outweigh even his capacity to
act. This is one instance in
which, in one way, words be-
gin to overshadow possible
deeds.
This correspondent has
seen it again and again in
the Senate, where the essen
tial realities are similar to
those in the U. N. The late
Senator Joseph Mccarthy,
for an illustration, had more
national followers than any
two Of his judges-and thus
more inherent personal pow
er-when the Senate moved
in 1854 to condemn him.
But he was condemned all
the Same-and not so much
because of what he had done
as because he was not really
at home in the forum where
he worked and thus fatally
underestimate it. Thus a
prediction: Khrushchev will
leave the U. N. headquarters
with fewer real supporters
than when he came.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
EXtrdYdqdnZd'?

The Star on September
Is published a letter from
Mr.. Eugene E. OckraSsa
sharply questioning certain
detectives established by the
recent national convention
of the National Federation
of Federal Employees.
Contrary to Mr.. Ockrassa's
assertions, those detectives
are very much in the pub
lie interest, no less than in
the interest Of Federal en-
ployes. For example, the
administrations policy Of
contracting out a large VOL
ume of work previously done
at Government installations
cannot be justified on any
sound ground. Substantial
evidence has indicated that
this policy in many cases
has resulted in increased
rather than lowered costs.
quite apart from such sig
nif1cant questions as con-
venience, safety, and Sc
curity.
All qualified authorities
are agreed that the Govern
ment's policies on pay have
been laggard and inadequate,
and that in the long run
they have proved costly
rather than really economi-
cal. The Government finds
increasing difficulty in re-
cruiting and retaining many
categories of employees whose
services are vital to the Ma
ton at this critical period.
The resulting excessive turn
over is costly and wasteful.
The detectives set by the
convention of the Fedora
ton all are designed in the
light of contemporary con-
ditions to make the Federal
career service a more effec-
tive fundamentally, better
able to meet the needs of
the Nation in this critical
era of its history. Attack
ing such detectives as a "bu-
reaucratic extravaganza"
may have a superficial ap-
peal to some, but it sheds
no light upon the urgent
need to build a stronger ca
reer service, designed to at
tract and hold the most COM
petent and best qualified
men and women.
Vaux Owen,
President, National Fedora
ton Of Federal Employees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Man With Plan

I have a novel proposal for
overcoming the Communists
in the cold war.
What better way to bring
the uncommitted nations of
the world into true partner
ship with us in the defense
Of freedom than to offer
these nations statehood in
the United States?
I daresay such a proposal
would not meet with the ap-
proval of some elements Of
our society, such as the nom
competitive industries which
rely for their prosperity on
existing trade barriers be-
tween ourselves and these
nations, or from social bigotS
who judge a mans quality
by the color of his skin. But
the general citizenry of
America should be objective
enough to see that such dis
locations as might occur in
our economy might very we'll
be more than compensated
by the tremendous advantage
such a move would give us in
our struggle with the grow
ing encroachment of COM
munism and, anyway, isn't
the multibillion dollar for
eign aid program already
Siphoning off a large portion
OF our earnings?
The appeal to the uncom-
mitted nations of the oppor-
tunity Of. statehood in the
United States should be sub
Stantial. 1t would offer them
full participation in the
american system OF material
aftluence and political free
dom. and the protection of
American military forces to
insure its preservation.
Can anyone deny that an
enlarged United States, as
proposed, under our present
form of unified democratic
leadership in which all mem
Der States we're represented.
could easily command the
leadership of the world and
the eventual complete de-
struction of tyranny?
w. Schubert.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
THE PASSING SCENE
Khrushchey Is in the Wronq Arena
BY WILLIAM S. WHITE

Nikita KhruShchev may
yet have his way and so
break up the United Ma
tions. But it is in this very
forum, paradoxically, that
he will lose more prestige
for himself and for his
country the longer he hangs
about there on his mission
of destruction.
For in the deepest sense
this is the wrong place for
Khrushchev. It is in the
deepest sense a place where
he fights outside his weight
and his experience. And
this is no Pollyanna view; it
rests upon a fact Of public
life.
For the United Nations is
a semi-parliamentary or
ganization-a debating So
ciety," indeed, as it is
sometimes called with con-
temptuous intent. And what
ever else a debating society
may be, it is no field for a
man Cor a SYSTEM expert
enced in the use of force but
wholly inexperienced in po-
litical manner, or the SCI
ence of persuasion. 1t is a
very bad arena for an anna
teur; he can only go one
way. and that is down.
Just as many times it has
been true in another "debat-
ing society,"" the United
States Senate, it will be true
in the United Nations: Who
ever goes there not under
standing and also under
estimating the ancient par
liamentary arts will wind up
gaining no adherents and
losing some he had at the
start.
That this process has al
ready set in against Khru-
shchev is apparent. Look al
the shocked distaSte even OF
non-Western and neutralist
delegates at the old dicta-
tors intolerable manners in
heckling the unshakable
Harold Macmillan.
Macmillan a Pro
It was no accident that il
was the British Prime Minis
ter who took on the real jot
of replying to Khrushchev II
behalf of all the West. Mac
milan is a true pro in thu
most demanding Of the pub
lie arts, that Of making {
case in such a way as to bea'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Earth and Moon Were Twins
By THOMAS R. HENRY

After the heating and melt
ing, freezing and cooling took
place. Cooling and shrinking
of surface lavas, resting on
the still hot interior, led to
formation of cracks in low
land areas. The reduced
preSSures below the cracks
may have led to renewed
melting and rising of new
lavas which may partly have
filled the cracks.
These processes, while hy-
pothetical, account for some
of the moons most notable
surface features, DR.. Kuiper
reported.
Today the visible face Of
the moon is better known
than great deserts and jungles
of the earth.
Lunar Atlas Planned
A comprehensive photo
graphic atlas of the earth's
satellite will be one Signifi-
cant international Geophysi-
cal Year product. It will show
features on the disk, 100000
miles away. as small as a
quarter of a square mile in
area.
The atlas has been prepared
from the best photographs
taken over the past 80 years
at American and a few Euro
pean observatories, and will
include more than 200 sheets
showing A lunar areas, each
photographed under four diff
ferent Examinations.
Actually, DR.. Kuiper told
the symposium, a lot more is
known about the moons face
than can be shown in photo
graphs. The eye can discern
much smaller features, less
than a tenth of a square mile
in area, than are caught in a
picture. The photographs,
however, can be studied at
leisure and things noticed
which the eye probably would
miss.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All let
tiers are subject to condenSd-
ton. Those not used tDiH be
returned only tDhen accom-
panied BY self = addressed.
stamped envelopes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

stand by and observe, fight
ing back with only words of
protest. Perhaps in the near
future, the big enemy of
Castro will again step in and
free the Cuban people, this
time of communism.
James r. Swab.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
When Genuine?

In your lead editorial of
September % complimenting
the Presidents U. N. speech
you stated that he made it
clear that, American policy
favors an early resumption
of genuine negotiations with
the Russians"
Use of the word resumption
obviously means that there
have been genuine negotia-
tons in the past. Talking
yes; haggling, yes; but when
did Russia even enter into
genuine negotiations?
B. III. Tabb, jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

IAEAs members, though India, the
United Arab Republic, Iraq, Indonesia
and Cuba have voted with the Com
munist opposition.
OF course, in assailing this plan as
Western Spying" device, Mr.. Molotov,
far from working for agreement, has
sought merely to make cold-war issue
of the matter. Depressingly enough, the
Kremlin apparently is intent on con-
verting even the peaceful atom into a
weapon Of tension breeding propaganda
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

Earth and moon were once,
astronomically speaking, in
touching distance of each
other-that is, from $500 to
5000 miles apart.
Now the moon gradually is
receding from the earth, due
to tidal friction in the ter
restrial oceans, according to
a statement by DR.. Gerhard
P. Kuiper of the YerkeS and
Mcdonald obServatories at
an International GeophySical
Year symposium on space
exploration held by the
American Geophysical IN
ion.
The two major units Of
this planetary system appar-
emily were born twins - of
the same mother at the same
time-Dr. Kuiper reported on
the basis of most recent as
Economical evidence. Accord
ing to his report:
Process of AcCretiOn
THE solid body Of the
moon now observed was
formed by a process Of &C
erection in a proto planet
or nebulouS mass moving
around the sun, before the
sun had completed its con-
traction to its present size
and resulting great brilliance.
The temperature Of this
cloud initially was much be-
low the freezing point of
water. There is some evil
dence that the proto-planets
separated from the rest OF
the solar nebula at q tenn
perature of some 40 degrees
above absolute zero.
Earth and moon formed
in this proto-planet as a
binary planet with a common
envelop which later was dis
sipated when the sun at
tanned. its full brightness
The collection process, or &C
cretion, presumably took
place some SIS billion years
ago. Radioactive decay at
that epoch was some ten
times more intense than at
present and the accreted
mass heated up as a result,
causing partial melting about
as billion years ago.
This timing is based on
the dating of meteorites and
the earth itself. Since the
asteroids are smaller and the
earth larger than the moon,
the approximate agreement
between the ages derived for
these bodies can be inter-
preted to mean that this age
applies also to the moon it.
self. The conclusion that
the asteroids were partly
molten and solidified about
as billion years ago is based
on much geochemical and
astronomical evidence"
The great radioactive
heating, DR.. Kuiper stressed
at this symposium, led to
three types of changes which
can be verified by observa-
ton. Large quantities of
steam and other gases must
have escaped from the in
terror and altered the surface
materials from the original
loose, accreted rubble to a
brittle, metamorphic rock.
This change of surface tex
ture apparently is responsible
for several features now OBJ
served on the lunar surface.
AS the gases we're eScap-
ing, sub-surface explosions
probably took place, produc-
ing the funnel-shaped craters
now seen. Actual melting
must have taken place in the
interior, leading to the APP
pearance of lavas on the
lunar surface. These surface
lavas have appeared in many
forms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. by
mail. to any question Of fact by
writing The Star Information Blu
reau, 635 F street NV, Washington
4. D. C. Please inclose return post
age or self-addressed, stamped
envelope.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

another holocaust in the
late '20s.
l wish we could learn from
past experiences!
A Veteran Of 3 Wars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-10-03

@. What is the rate Of vi
bration of ultrasonic (silent
sound waves?-T. D.
A. Sound waves vibrating
more than $4,000 times a sec
ond are usually considered in
the ultrasonic range, since
they exceed the speed at
which the human ear can de-
tect them. Ultrasonic devices
used for scientific and indus
trial purposes may utilize ex-
tremely high cycles-per-sec-
ond ranges. In chemical in
dustries cleaning operations.
for example, sound waves in
the 800, 900 to 100000 range
are used. Machining Of hard
materials (including glass;
may be done with tool tips
or drills driven by silent
sound, vibrating $4,000 times
a second.
@. For easy reading, which
is more important-the size
of type or the length Of the
line?-B. j.
A. Reliability depends
upon type face and size Of
type as we'll as on the number
of characters in a line. Both
too narrow and too wide
columns make printed matter
hard to read. From 10-point
to l2-point type is easiest to
read. For l0-point type, a line
width of from about 80 to SIS
characters (13 to % pleas 10
recommended.
Evening star., 1960-08-06
Brother Spends
Half Hour With
Imprisoned Bishop

HONG KONG, Aug. 6 (AP).
William c. Walsh of Cumber-
Ian, Md, saw his imprisoned
brother, Bishop James E. Walsh,
in Shanghai yesterday and re-
ported to his wife here in Hong
Kong by telephone that the
Bishop is fine" and very cheer
full"
Mrs. Walsh quoted her hus-
band as saying he spent 80
minutes with the 69-year-old
bishop who is serving a 20
year prison sentence on COM
munist charges of espionage.
She said her husband, a TO-
year-old Maryland attorney,
had asked for further visits with
his brother and hoped to see
him a few more times before
he returns to Hong Kong
August IA.
She confirmed Bishop Walsh
was being held in Shanghai.
Her husband did not say
whether the meeting was held
in his prison, however.
She said the Bishop reported
he is receiving his Red Cross
parcels regularly.