davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-05-08
SPOTLIGHT
on EDUCATION
Teacher Shortage Approaches Crisis Proportions

The teacher shortage in
Americas public elementary
and secondary schools has
reached crisis proportions.
This is the month when
school superintendents hire
their staff for September's new
academic year. There won't be
enough qualified teachers to go
around.
A report outlining this coun-
try's national goals for better
schools. just issued by the
United States ONCE Of Educa-
ton, indicates that serious
problems lie ahead. The num-
Der Of subStandard or emer-
gency teachers is increasing. At
present, 98,858 teachers are
serving with emergency Ii
cenSes, unable to meet even the
minimum requirements of their
States. This is an increase Of
about $4,000 since 1855.
Moreover. 81 per cent of the
beginning teacherS-one out of
four-lacked a college degree or
State certification. Although q
four-year college education may
not guarantee that the teacher
will be competent, at least it
is an indication Of some kind
Of academic achievement. A
number of persons teaching on
the high school level lack a
college degree.
Enrolment on Rise
Enrolment on both the ele-
mentary and the secondary
levels is increasing at a rapid
pace. Ten years ago IS million
pupils were in public elemen-
tary and high Schools-17.6
million in elementary and IA
million in the upper grades. BY
1959-s0 the total jumped to SO
million. And, by 196S-69, esti-
mates indicate, the total will
go to A million.
OF this number, 20 million
are expected to be in the pub
lie elementary schools, and 16
million in high school. The
growth on the high school level
is unprecedented. In 20 years
1t will more than double.
More pupils in the classroom
mean, of course, more teachers
in front of the blackboard. At
present there are Ia million
public school teachers and
other educational personnel in
this country. Before this de-
Evening star., 1960-05-08

salaries, the best brains are
boycotting the education pro-
feSSion. Various studies in re-
cent years have shown that in
the main, the teachers colleges
draw the students with the
lowest intelligence. When ma
tional samples Of education
students are compared with
samples Of students in other
areas, they consistently fall be-
low the liberal arts, science and
engineering groups.
Only One Able
The Derthick report urges
a better selection and prepara-
ton of teachers. This would
mean drastic revision in many
Of the teachers colleges and
schools Of education. Teacher
training institutions are asked
not to admit less able students
or permit partially qualified
teachers Of questionable COM
petence to enter the profession.
The national goals for bet
ter schools will not be achieved
unless more money is spent for
education. This is made abun-
dainty clear in the 98-page
study. DR.. Derthick proposes
q 10-year salary schedule that
should attract many potentially
competent students who now
go into other professions. The
present average of $4,000 would
be increased rapidly for the
next five years, reaching about
$500, and then would taper
off. but by 1869 would 60
to $4,000.
The higher salaries, it is
hoped, would induce more per-
sons who show promise to enter
the teaching profession. There
is little Of the rigorous selec-
ton essential to building a
strong teaching corps.
This means that selection
procedures must be sharpened
to- bring increasing numbers of
our highest caliber youth into
teaching careers. The annual
supply Of professionally quail
fed and competent teachers
is not sufficient to meet pres
ent demands, let alone the de-
mands Of the coming decade
with its sharp enrolment in
crease.
With good planning it might
be possible to reduce the num-
ber Of subStandard emergency
teachers, rather than contin-
ually increase then. use in the
classroom. Too many teach
ers enter the profession who
are not qualified, either on the
basis Of training, experience or
temperament.
(By NANA)
Evening star., 1960-05-08
PTAE EVENTS
CALENDAR

Meeting announcements
must be in the hands of the
PTA Calendar editor by
Thursday of each tUeeE to in
sure publication in the COL
unn on Sunday. Notice must
include street address of
meetings, as tDeH as meeting
time and fun name and locG-
ton Of orgGnisation.J
The 47th annual convention
of the D. c. Congress of PTAs
will be held tomorrow through
Wednesday at the Depart
mental Auditorium, between
Twelfth and Fourteenth streets,
Constitution avenue NV.
Tomorrow's session will be
held at 8 pm. The concluding
banquet will be Wednesday
evening at the Sheraton Park
Hotel.
Other PTA events for the
area, all beginning at 8 pm.
unless otherwise stated, are:
TUESDAY
District
KinsSman Elementary, Fourteenth
and E streets NE; 1880 pm: eiec-
tiOn of 0f6ners RAv Eorraet ctlfh
osstor Of the Douglas Memorial Meth
odist Church, viii speak on commu-
Buchanan Elementary. Thirteenth
ana 2 streets Sc; regular business
Kenilworth Elementary, Forty-fourth
street, between Nash and Ord streets
NE; school orchestra will present q
progrsm and new ofncers will be in
Langley Junior High, First and T
streets NE; election Of oficers.
qarnet-Patterson Junior High. Tenth
and You streets NV. pupils will pre-
Maryiand
and Elm streets, CHEVY Chew; cSas.: cSSsss:'09aso 9!so
pm. Open House.
THURSDAY
District
- BLOW ElemenJhLys nineteenth and
Benning road NE: reeular busIneSs
meeting.
s. J. Bowen Elementary, Third and
K streets s.W.: 7:45 pm: regular
business meeting, and presentation OF
report on the convention OF the d. C.
Congress OF PTAs.
Simmons Elementary, First and
Pierce streets NV: guest speaker will
be Harry Lewis Of the District Reading
Clinic.
Moten Elementary. Evans and Nor
riS roads Sc; science exhibit and
program bv school orchestra,
Brent-Blair Elementary: Third and
D streets: installation Of oficeFs.
Hayes-Ludlow Elementary, Fifth and
X streets NE: installation of officers
and report on convention.
Woodson Junior High. Minnesota
avenue and Foote street NE: 1880
PM election Of ofhcers.
Evening star., 1960-05-08

sibly a television studio facility
and a music room?
Gould not food service be
supplied to several more pleas
ant. intimate dining areas that
could also serve for teaching
areas rather than building a
barn Of a gorge-and-go cafe
terra that smacks Of the pro-
duction line?"
The report, literally illus
trated with sketches of flexible
floor plans and futuristic fur
nishings and equipment, makes
these other provocative points:
AcouStics-"Rooms with sur
faces walls and ceilings) set
at even slightly irregular planes
will generally have better acous-
tical qualities than standard
box shapes"
Room Brightness Control
Lighting High lighting
adds excitement to demonstra-
ton or exhibit areas; low
lighting produces more intimate
psychological effects in coun-
selling areas DINNERS in
the wiring systems ctuld
provide room brightness con-
troll; or the job could be done
more economically by wiring
alternating lamps on multiple
circuits controlled by a simple
switch"
Flooring Two experiments
with carpeted classrooms-one
in Texas. the other in New
York-indicate lower installa-
tion and maintenance costs
with vinyl or asphalt tile.
Other factors such as lower
damage and maintenance cost
on furniture in the carpeted
unit, reduction of teacher fa-
tigue from standing on carpet,
lower noise levels, improved
pupil attitude are all reported
in favor Of the carpeted unit. 4"
Teachers Work Center
The teachers center-"It will
be more than just a desk and
a chair. It will be a work CEN
ter for the teacher, with refer
ence material, files and sup
plies close at hand. 1t will serve
as a suitable area for COUNSEL
ing. and possibly for small
group activity. 1t will be
a control center for electronic
equipment in the learning area
lighting, partitioning devices,
intercom and public address
system, etc. 1t will be so de-
signed as to be both efficient
and attractive-a place where
the teacher will want to work
and the student will want to
visit"
Flexibility-"Spaces in the
school will be designed for
activity in more varied group
Sizes-for the individual small
groups (4-5). seminar groups
(10-l5). more traditional groups
(25-35) and large groups $50
and up). The growing de-
sire for fiexibility in space has
created a demand for movable
partitioning devices.
Educational Facilities Lab
oratories was established by
the Ford Foundation in 1858.
It's purpose is to help American
schools and colleges with their
physical problems.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
The Author, o Pulitzer prize winning
reporter, is education editor Of
North American Newspaper Alliance.
By DR.. BENJAMIN FINE

cade ends. the number is ex-
.pected to jump to 1.9 million,
a growth of 500, 900 in 10 years.
Where are these teachers
coming from? In addition to
the additional teachers needed
to meet enrolment increases,
many other teachers will be
needed to work with handi-
capped children, to serve as
guidance counselorS, and to
help reduce class size.
At the current salaries paid
teachers, and the present rate
of training, the inducements
will not be enough to meet the
growing needs. The country
may expect that the number of
substandard teachers will
grow; 1t is almost certain to
pass the 100000 mark this fall.
A so per cent increase in
average teachers salaries Is
proposed by DR.. Lawrence G.
Derthick, United States Com
missioner of Education. In his
report on national goals" DIR.
Derthick recommends that by
1963-64 the average teacher
salary go to $7,439. 1t is a little
under $4,000 now. This would
mean an increase in salaries
from the present $50 billion
to $l2 billion for the l963-64
school year.
Higher Salaries Needed
DR.. Derthick recognizes that
this increase will meet with op-
position. Whenever schools ask
for drastic revenue increases,
opposition develops. However,
the education commissioner
emphasizes that it is dangerous
to compromise with a business
aS-usual economic and political
outlook. Higher salaries would
attract better qualified teach
ers.
The report urges a major
breakthrough in the upgrading |
Of American education. The !
teacher is the key to the quail |
ity of education received by
our pupils.
ut is now more important
than ever" declares DIR. Derth-
lex, that we have in each
classroom in America a pro-
fessionally qualified and COM
petent teacher. Today we are
far from that goal"
A comparison of salaries in
education with those in other
fields shows that teachers are
at the bottom of the totem
pole. II you take the index of
classroom teachers salaries as
100, the indices of other pro-
feSsional earnings areas are as
follows: biologists, 100; chem
lists. ITO; economists, 100; en-
gineerS, 230; biologists. 100;
physicists. 100; psychologists,
ITO: scientists, 100. Only the
social agency case workers,
with an index of los, come
close to the teachers salaries.
The others are far ahead.
The average salary of teach
ers compare unfavorably with
those in other occupations re-
quiring comparable training
and experience. Because of low
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Mothers Honored

Madison-Taylor Elementary
School will honor mothers with
a sixth-grade other-daughter
luncheon at noon tomorrow at
the Taylor building, Seventh
and G streets NE. Mrs. Rosa
O'Brien will be piano soloist.
Evening star., 1960-05-08

seem q real possibility.
And the teachers desk, as it
is known today, will simply go
out Of existence-to be re-
placed by q complex control
center.
These are some Of the pre-
dictions in a new report from
the Educational Facilities Lab
oratories, Inc, entitled Design
for ETV." CThe ETV, as any
professional educator knows,
stands for educational tele-
vision.)
The report makes fascinating
some would say horrifying-
reading.
Booming EnrOlIments
The underlying premise is
that rapidly increasing enroll
mentS will force the introduc-
ton Of new techniques to
stretch out as much as possible
both the educational dollar and
the limited supply of qualified
teachers.
The asSumption-as indicated
by the documents title-is that
the most important new tech
nique centers on television.
Ignoring the very funda-
mental questions about ETV
raised by school officials here
in the District and elsewhere,
the report states:
"The one question posed
most frequently by educators
using television across the
country is How can we get
rid of the glare on the face
of the television set?'"
Is Auditorium Doomed?
Despite such apparent naiv-
etc about educational policies,
the reports discussion of phys
ical facilities - covering con-
siderably more ground than
the installation and mainte-
nance of glare-free TV sets
clearly indicates the type of
school which will be built in
the future.
Functional design and econ
omy are guiding principles
throughout the report, which
was prepared in conjunction
with the industrial design firm
of Dave Chapman, Inc. Here
is a pertinent excerpt:
Before insisting on an au-
ditorium in the school as a
matter Of community pride.
planners should first ask
whether the space is really
needed for purposes that could
not be satisfied better and
more economically in other
ways.
Couldn't all-school meet
ings, for example, be televised
to each room in the. school?
Couldn't some community and
school meetings be held in the
gymnasium or field house?
Couldn't the graduation be
held outdoors, in rented COM
munity building or in the field
house?
"Gorge-and Go" Cafeteria
Should the library stand
half-used most of the time :.
or can this natural resource
area include space for individ-
ual study? Wouldn't a little
theater facility also be useful for
lectures. demonstrations, pos
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Brunch Opened

Temple School has opened a
branch at 3501 Perry street, op-
posite the bus terminal, in
Mount Rainier, Md. The branch
Will offer day and evening
classes in shorthand, typing
and other business courses.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Radical Designs Seen
For Schools of Future
By ANDREW w. BINGHAM
Star Stan Writer

The popular concept of cassroom-and indeed, Of an
entire school-may soon have to be radically revised
Eectronic gadgetry and ingenious flexible floor plans will
very likely typify the school buildings tomorrow
The classroom won't have four fixed permanent walls
not have windows, although carpets
Evening star., 1960-05-08
WEEKLY NEWS QUIZ

This quiz is based on recent news appearing in
The Star. Try testing yourself current events of
the Washington area, the Nation and the world by
filling in the blanks with the letter designating the
answer that you think is correct. Then turn to
Page F-9 for a list of the correct answers
Evening star., 1960-05-08
Wushinoton Area News

The number of high school students from the
Nation who visit Washington each year estimated a)
Over million; (b) about u million: (c) 1h million.
q Settled recently after only few hours Metro
poan Area strike by a) Beer truck drivers b) grave dig
gers; (c) dairy workers
g. Controversy aroused District public hearing
recently proposal to- a) Extend the school year to
months; b) create antoitering regulations for teenages
(c) raise the minimum age for driving permits.
4. School Sup Carl F. Hansen called for: More
school time to be spent physical education b) heightened
school hours (c) emphasis in the schools English
composition.
5. Embarrassing campaign to anticipated 1870
student enrolment of $4,000 will be started this summer by:
@ Georgetown University b George Washington University
(c) American University
Evening star., 1960-05-08
TEMPLE SCHOOL
The Gardner School oi Business
Silver Spring, Md.

Privats sseresori1l, lssol sserssariel. executive
sseSsforicl elosses start June 23 and July S.
in Silver Spring. Langley Park, Bethssde and
August I"
Evening star., 1960-05-08
National News

l. Teevision disc jockey Dick Clark testified about
payoa" before the House Subcommittee a) Legislative
Oversight (b) UnAnerican Activities; Interstate and
Foreign Commerce
The Is national convention delegates to be elected
to the Democratic primary in West Virginia. Must
bloc for the winning candidate ) divide their
proportion to the primary vote for each candidate;
vote at the convention for any candidate.
g. John Thomas sophomore at Boston University
broke the world record the Hammer throw high
jump; Co 2-mle
T. In special to Congress President Esen-
hover warned against a) Surrender to the eectionyear
temptation to overspend b) impusve action" regarding
Cuban Premier Castro c) rocking the boat before the
summit conference.
S. Personnel changes announced recently
regulatory commission soon to be examined by House SUBJ
committee The commission is the a) Federal Communications
Commission; (b) Federal Trade Commission; Federal
Power Commission
Evening star., 1960-05-08
FOREIGN News

l. Many nations of the world marked May Day with
holiday celebrations The equivalent of May Day in the United
States and Canada E Ia Labor Day; M Independence Day.
(c) Thanksgiving Day.
2. The official of the world Court" at The
Hague the: a Permanent Court of Arbitration b Perma
Court of International Justice: c International Court of
Justice
g. A visitor to Washington King Mahendra of
Nepal whose capital city E a) Kabul; (b Katmandu c)
Lhasa.
T. Students staged daily riots Secretary of State
Heer visited IStanbul to participate in the foreign ministers
conference of: (a) CENTO; (b) NATO; (c) SEATO
S. After forcing the resignation of President Syngman
Rhee student demonstrators in South Korea continued to
agtate for (a) Union with North Korea (b the withdrawal
of American troops from Korea c) elections for
tional assembly.
Evening star., 1960-05-08
SECRETARlAL

Choose yeUV career. courses IN
seersiesiel and technical. New
"Iypins fer teens classes begin
Rockville on June %, July 5 end
Evening star., 1960-05-08
"GOrKe-and- Go" Cafeteria

Should the library stand
half-used most of the time :. .
or can this natural resource
area include space for individ-
ual study? Wouldn't a little
theater facility also be useful for
lectures, demonstrations, pos
Evening star., 1960-06-05
Camping
Anyone?

TNOR various reasons, ranging from an honest
III desire to commune with nature to pure
economics Tor how else can you afford to take
four kids on a trip? well over Is million peo-
pie went camping last year in our national and
state parks. The Interior Department, which
authorized this staggering statistic. also
figures there are goOdly number of others
who camped out in locations too inaccessible
for their survey to cover And Department
experts are confident that even greater num-
bers will be roughing it this summer. So if
your vacation inclinations run in this direc-
ton, herewith are few tips for the novice
camping family
Women seem less enthusiastic than men
at the prospect of heading for the tall timber
with pack on back If you plan to make
camper out of your wife, best see that your
expedition is completely equipped Most
women take dim view of anything that flies,
crawls or buzzes so buy or rent tent with
mosquito netting.
A wood fire is romantic and fun to cook
over every now and then, but for three meals
a day, the wife probably would prefer quick
er, steadier source of heat Stoves that run on
gasoline or propane gas are big help.
When darkness falls while the cook is
halfway through dinner, she'll want something
more than nashlight to continue with. Gas
mantle lamps are very bright, come in several
sizes. Propane and battery-operated lanterns
provide other choices. It's also good idea to
carry full firstaid kit as well as to know
how to use everything in it.
The amount of gear you haul into camp
ground is limited only by the capacity of your
automobile don't overlook the car-top car
rier) but remember that you'll have to set all
this equipment up and take it down again. so
somewhere you must draw the line between
simplicity and comfort Practically all the
equipment you need can be rented for trial
run before you make big investment.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-10-28
Former Prioress
SIR. Regina, O.P.
Dies at SO

Former Springs ress
Sister Regina (Murphy), o.
p, 80, died Thursday, Oct.
10 at the convent of st. Mary
of the Springs. Requiem High
Mass was offered Monday,
Oct. II in the chapel.
Sister Regina retired in
1886.
Previous to that she was
The superior at st. Thomas,
GAINESVILLE, 1904-19O9; super
ior at Holy Name, Steuben-
vile, 1927; Member of the
Council at st. Mary of the
Springs, 1920; Prioress,
1923-26; Sub-Prioress, 1882
80; st. Francis, Newark, 1888
SO.
Sister Regina, a native of
Newark, entered the order
Feb. Is, 1881 and pronounc-
ed her final vows Nov. 4,
1882.
She is survived by three
cousins, George Murphy, Co
lumbus; Mrs. John c. Ford,
also of Columbus; and Clar-
ealce Murphy, Lancaster.
Burial was in the commun-
ity cemetery.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-10-28
Pope's Second Year

Continued from page y
his election on October %,
1858.
a GOOD YARDsTIcK by
which to measure what the
Pope considers the more inn
portant problems facing the
Church is his choice of cardl-
mails.
Pope John has created two
groups of cardinals within the
past IL months. The first list,
Issued in November, 1859 con.
tanned eight names. Only one
of the new cardinals His
Eminence Albert C Cardinal
Meyer, Archbishop of Chi
cage, was meant to reside out
side of Rome.
POPE John RELEASED
his second list, of seven
names, in March, 1860. For
he gave the Church its first
cardinals ever to come from
Japan, the Philippines and
Africa.
It is not only in his choice
of cardinals that Pope John
has revealed his preoccupa-
ton with these projects.
Most outstanding has been
his reassignment of major
administrative offices. Prior
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-10-28
Priests Father
Dies In Akron

Maurice c. Johnson IS, ia
ther of Father William john
son, assistant pastor st. Mary
Parish, Portsmouth, died on
Wednesday Nov. 49, in Ak
ron.
Requiem Solemn Mass was
offered Saturday at st. Rose
of Lima Church, New Lexing-
ton.
Formerly of New Lexing-
ton, Mr.. Johnson was a mem
Der of st. Bernard Parish, Ak
ron.
In addition to FIR. Johnson,
he is survived by daughter,
Mrs. Clarence j. Daugherty;
two grandsons, all of Paynes-
vile; two sisters, Misses Mar
garet of New Lexington, and
Lucy Johnson of Hamilton.
Burial was in New Lexlng-
ton Cemetery.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1960-10-28

ligion is a profound part Of
the great civilization to which
the PDP aspires, why is it
that the PDP wants to limit
religious instruction to five
per cent of our Sabotage
children, that is to those at
tending parochial schools?
Why does the PDP promote
by means of public institu-
tons certain immoral prac-
tees and at the same time
ignore every protest from &C.
clesiastical authorities against
such practices?
The PDP program says:
w are worried that a
part of our public opinion
wants to impose dogmas and
personal conduct on another
part of public opinion by
means of laws which prohibit
and punish"
We regard this part of the
PDP program as a big lie. For
at no time have we wanted
to impose dogmas, or person
al or moral conduct, on any
one by political means. But
we do maintain that public
power cannot be used to pro-
mote immoral ideas and prac-
tees. This is what the PDP
has done and we protest
against it.
The PDP program says:
THE DEMOCRATIC phi
losophy of our party implies
that only those acts which
the general consensus of
of Puerto Ricans considers
immoral, such as murder,
theft, perjury, ETC., can be
prohibited with punishment.
But it is not licit under the
rule of liberty to prohibit
with punishment those acts
which a respectable part of
public opinion does not re.
gard as immoral"
1t is evident from the
above quotation that the
Popular party's philosophy is
anti-C Christian and anti-Catho-
lie, and that it is based on
the modern heresy that the
popular will, not divine law,
decides what is moral and
immoral. This philosophy des-