davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-12-14
WILLIAM 5. While
The johnson Leadership Legend

erner, will have q mission
to do likewise among his own
kind. Senator Mansfield,
himself, will play the rest Of
the f1eld-including such nom
regular Republicans as can
be recruited from time to
time. 80
Vice President-elect john
son, now to become umpire
of the Senate as its presid-
ing officer. will be much Of
the time above the battle.
Senator Mansfield, however.
intends to ask his old chief,
the Texan, to sit in as q
non-voting observer (and
adviser when Asked on
meetings of both the Demo-
cratic policy and steering
committees.
There is probably no prece-
dent for this-but then there
is surely no precedent what
ever for Lyndon Baines
johnson. .
He made of the Senate ma
jority leadership q position
of power it had never been.
not even in the hands OF
such predecessors as the late
Senator Robert A. Taft Of
Ohio. He will very likely do
: the same Of the Vice PresiA
dency. For this, all civics
books to the contrary, is q
government not Of positions
but Of men.
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Record of McNomoro, Leost Known
Appointee to Defense Post, Louded

responsibilities seriously and
reacts quickly to notions
that brilliance in private
business necessarily and
automatically equips one to
run the government. A quick
check found few members of
Congress who handle the
huge defense budget aware
Of Mr.. Mcnamara or his
talents.
Senator Kennedy ap-
parently decided that more
risk attached to men with q
possible vested interest In
their mistakes than to in
experience. He has already
said he would let his new
Secretary make the study
and hard choices Of the re-
organization plans pressed on
him.
Mr.. McNamara's present
eminence In Detroit speaks
loudly and well for him. It
is also said by Kennedy aides
that he has the stamina and
intellectual resources for the
department, which Is both
the great budget-eater Of the
Federal government and the
one In which the covering
new world Is constantly con-
fronted with strange new
weapons of destruction.
Mr.. Mcnamara was a spe-
cial consultant to the War
Department In l942 when he
was only 26 and a lieutenant
Evening star., 1960-12-14
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Sign on the desk of Washington Republican bureau
chief "Out to lunch. Back about 49,"
Fourteen Dixie electors will vote for Harry Byrd for
President They the only IA persons in the
country who listened to word of the KennedyNxon
debates
Dean Rusk Secretary Of State, says the United
States responsibility to make history and to take
large part shaping of events" And that doesn't work.
may have to up with foreign policy something
Ike says he's been up in the Washington Monu-
Not much to anyway, except fellow practcng
No. iron shots the backyard of big house Penn
sylvania avenue
Kennedys victory percentage finally calculated
IBM machine: so point ooooo,o-oh, the heck with it,
Fidel Castro RACES the dropping Of anti-Castro
steal his plumber
Evening star., 1960-12-14
DORIS FLEESON

President . elect Kennedy.
confrohted with the COM
,plexities Of the Pentagon
about which he, himself.
knows very little, has pumped
fer a genuinely fresh start.
His choice for Secretary Of
Defense, Robert S. McNa-
mara, A, who has been presi-
dent of the Ford Motor Co.
for little more than q month.
is the least known here Of
any man ever mentioned for
a high post in the next ad-
i, ministration.
= Mr.. McNamara does have
q Democratic political spon-
sor-Senator Philip Hart of
Michigan, for whom he
worked enthusiastically in
1858. He also supported Sem
: ator Kennedy, though q
registered Republican.
Senator Hart is not now
q member Of the Senate
Armed Services Committee
. which will consider the
,McNamara nomination,
though a vacancy now exists
there that he might well con-
slider applying for. Senate
Armed Services has hung up
, rather q record for scrutiniz-
ing Pentagon appointments
. carefully. especially with re-
spect to conflict Of interest
laws.
: Also. despite the perfection
of his manners, Chairman
Russell Of Georgia takes his
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Texans Personal Operation Near End,
Replaced by a Triunyirute in Senate

He is incomparably less
driven by hurry-up and by
the perfectionist ideals
which would cause Senator
johnson to burn in anguish
at the smallest failure any
where in the long line of
communications within the
Democratic majority Of the
Senate.
Senator Johnson always
was a star player; he could
not help being. Big, COM
manding, always dramatic
whether or not he always
meant to be, he was doing
the passing, the running with
the ball, the blocking and
also the line backing. Sem
ator Mansfield, tall, thin,
but far less intense, will be
only part-not all-of the
new Senate backf1eld.
He did not seek, and truly
did not want, the captaincy.
He will therefore cheerfully
pass much of the total task
Of leadership TO his chief
assistant, Senator Hubert H.
Humphrey of Minnesota,
and to the third man in the
new triumvirate, Senator
George Smathers of Florida.
1t used to be johnson. and
johnson, and johnson. Now
it will be Mansfield, and
Humphrey, and Smathers.
Senator Johnson as leader
felt obliged to commit his
personal prestige to every
single problem. Where he
would labor many hours per-
sonally to persuade every
Democratic faction into a
unified position, Senator
Mansfield intends to share
the work.
Senator Humphrey, an in
fluential liberal. will be
asked to take major respon-
sibility for keeping his fel-
low liberals in line. Senator
Smathers, a moderate South
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Kennedy Takes a Fresh Start

colonel in the Air Force from
1943 to 1916. All weapons
then in use are now virtually
obsolete. and whole new sys-
TENS Of defense and offense
have been in use and dis
carded in favor Of newer and
stranger ones.
This very fact has had i'm
mense impact on important
and we'll established seq
ments Of industry with pow
erful political sponsors. It
will furnish Mr.. Mcnamara
with one Of his most vexing
problems, though 1t is diff
cult to see where he has any
easy ones.
He will. for example, be
faced Immediately with Pres
ident Eisenhower's determi-
nation to balance the last
budget Mr.. Eisenhower will
send to Congress. Cuts are
being made now at the Pen
tagon to achieve that end.
and contracts already made
are being cancelled. The serv-
ices and the politicians alike
are joining in the anguished
outcries of the affected busi-
nesses. as Mr.. Mcnamara will
now find out.
Senator Kennedy can help
him little with such lethal
details Of his profile e m S,
though he can expect un-
stinted political backing. For
tunately, also: the country is
defense-minded and some Of
the ablest members Of Con-
gress handle defense appro-
priations. .
Evening star., 1960-12-14
RALPH McGILL

= i. It was about this time
j. 800 years ago when Caesar
, Augustus ruled in Rome. and
; Herod. son Of Antipater. was
King Of Judea, that Joseph
., and Mary, Of the Tribe Of
:, Judah. started out for Beth
lehem.
The journey must have
taken roughly two weeks.
: There is no record Of their
route. Nor Of how many per-
= sons went with them. The
decree had been that all the
= men of Judea must 60 to the
place of their birth and reg
lister themselves and mem
: bers Of their family. And, for
each person. they had to Of
q. fer a coin. 1t was a very sim
pie system. When all the
. coins we're counted the gov
eminent would know the pop
, ulation Of Judea. Unless, of
course, some of the census
!, takers stole some Of the coins,
as they. without doubt, did.
Both Mary and Joseph were
Of the Tribe of Judah and Of
the House of David.
There was bound to have
been a lot Of worry and talk.
Mary was soon to have her
Child. And there was a lot
of work to be done. Bread
had to be baked and meat
dried, and a few cooking pots
selected. They Travelled al
most surely with one or more
donkeys, and tied to the back
of one would be the rough
blankets Of goats hair and
the sack Of food and pots.
And Mary would ride one,
too, getting down for short
walks along the way. It Is
not too comfortable to sit for
hours on a donkey's back.
The Bible does not provide
'us with the route. But legend
does. They did not cross the
plain Of Jezreel. which is
between the hills of Samaria
and those in which lies the
deep-seated Sea of Galilee.
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Joseph and Mary Were in the Midst
Of Trip to Bethlehem About This Time

The shortest route would have
been through one Of the
passes in the Samaritan
heights. Instead. they crossed
to the eastern banks of the
Jordan. which flows out of
the heart-shaped sea, and
proceeded down that stream
to Jericho.
From that town, they made
their way up toward Bethle-
hem, the little mountain
town of. Judea. (The Hebrew
ma m e m cans House Of
Bread.") It was King David's
birthplace. There was good
reason for the longer route.
The Jordan valley is the
warmest In winter, and the
way less difficult.
It would have taken them
, at least two weeks, probably
a bit more, since they could
make but a few miles each
day. Legend has 1t, based on
inevitable facts, that they
slept some nights in the open.
one night in q cave, one night
In the house Of a peasant.
There also Is a bit Of folklore
which tells us that one night
they slept under a walnut
tree (Mediterranean) and
that to this day II one looks
at q walnut tree in summer
one may see the leaves en-
twined in the shape Of Mary.
AS they neared Bethlehem
the traffic, on the established
road to the city, which was
even then an old one, must
have been heavy and dusty.
The place of the Nativity is
one Of the few automatically
established "holy places" It
was a typical caravanserai
C"Sarai" means inn) where
travellers and their animals
could put up. To this day
at such caravanserai travellers
must sleep in q stall or in
the open on straw, or their
own blankets.
The tribe of David was q
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Legal Abortions Top
Births in Hungary :

MUNICH. Germany Hun
gary had more legal abortioRs
than births last year, Radio
Free Europe reports. It says
the Ministry Of Health journal
reported 1881 known abor-
tionS and 151,183 births. >,
Since World War II, and par
ticularly since the 1856 revolu-
ton, abortions have been in
creasing and births declining
in Hungary.
Evening star., 1960-12-14
S. WHITE

The end Of a legend Of
unexampled personal leader
ship of the United States
Senate is at hand in the
coming elevation of a trium-
virate of chieftains to replace
the one-man operation Of
Lyndon B. johnson of Texas.
In the old days Lyndon"
personally, did what was to
be done, what had to be
done, to direct the affairs of
the Senate. Now, in the COM
ing new Congress, Mike and
Hubert and George" together
will do it.
1t will be a great change,
and most of all in the human
sense. Senator johnson, who
leaves the Senate to become
Vice President, as Of January
20, ran the Senate out Of his
own hat and through his
own intuitions. Sometimes
tough and demanding on the
outside, he was on the inside
a curfously sensitive political
artist, playing by ear.
And, like all artists, he
worked best in working alone.
Outwardly sociable, he was,
at the end, a solitary man in
any crowd. He would faith
fully consult his party asso-
ciates, yes. But at the last
decisive moment of every
legislative crisis he convened
the ultimate and critical
caucus within hims S elf,
though he never admitted as
much.
Senator Mike Mansfield of
Montana, the new Senate
Democratic leader. does not
wish to exert and will not
exert this kind of personal
leadership. Senator Johnson'S
old and loyal deputy, Senator
Mansfield nevertheless is
more than a johnson man.
He is also Mike Mansfleld's
man. He is infinitely more
relaxed than his former CHIEF
Evening star., 1960-12-14
DAVID LAWRENCE

This seems to be a period
of hesitation.
The United States Govern
ment is hesitating because
one administration is going
out and another Is coming in.
The other governments OF
the, world are hesitating, too
they wonder what Wash
ington will do.
= President-elect K enne dy
has been hesitating also-he
has sought to keep peace in
his political family and yet
get some advisers who will be
team players.
: Business is heSitating as 1t
wonders what the future will
bring by way of govern
mental regulation on legisla-
ton, and what the impact on
the purchasing power OF the
dollar will be if a new ad-
ministration in washington
,embarks on fiscal policies in
. volving h e avy expenditures
and restrictions on the ex-
. port of gold.
Unemployment appears to
be increasing. Calling the
present decline In business a
recession or a readjustment
does not help matters. What
is important is whether some
thing definite showing an up
ward movement Of business
will appear soon on the hori-
zon to start recovery.
There is plenty Of discus
sion as to what caused the
stagnation in various buSi-
nesses. There is. Of course.
an interrelationship between
different parts Of the econ
omy. The steel strike hurt
the economy and threw it out
Of gear. But there are in the
background other serious
factors that have long been
developing. Foreign trade, for
instance. is a big Der cent of
American business nowadays.
and to upset it causes q hest
u, tation all along the line.
The erstwhile critics are
already beginning to alibi.
They say gold exports have
been q problem for some time
and that the administration
should have done something
about it before" The truth is
Evening star., 1960-12-14
Painful and Costly Hesitotions Noted
As World Awaits Kennedy Toke-Over

the American Government
has been pressured by the
same critics into more and
more spending abroad and an
outflow of gold on the theory
that this would gain friends
and preserve peace by giving
up bases or by assuring US OF
allies who have potential
bases to put at our service.
The idea has been that this
was one way to halt the
march of the Communists
and to win the cold war. But
Moscow is today getting a
ghoulish comfort out of the
economic troubles Of the
United States and the far
reaching effect 1t may have
on world policy.
Already the school Of
thought which believes in fl
nancial gimmicks Is urging q
tax cut or more money for
depressed areas. The idea
that q balanced budget is an
obsession is voiced by many
a professor who sits comfort
ably in academic seclusion
without knowing what 1t is to
make ends meet in q private
business. The country already
has had one painful expert
ence with crackpot econom-
les, as the New Deal poured
billions of dollars into, leaf
raking and kept unemploy-
ment at an eight-million fig-
ure for seven years in success
sion, while it ignored the
causes Of the layoffs in
heavy-goods industries. Only
the orders resulting from the
war in Europe gave Amerl-
can industry in 1910 and l941
q chance to get started again
and to create jobs for the
idle.
President-elect Kennedy
perhaps has read Of the eco
nomic tragedy of the l930s
and the failure Of the Roose-
welt administrations theories.
But the news dispatches seem
to indicate. nevertheless, that
he is going to lean heavily on
college professors who are
strong on theory and weak on
knowledge of what makes
business tick. Also, Democrats
Of prominence in the Senate
Evening star., 1960-12-14

800" manual automatic model takes
36-sIide tray IS MN Of superslides
in all types Of mounts.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20

SUNNY SIDE, Dec. l5-There
is much excitement and pride
among the young hunters here.
7Hhbv Woodson killed his first
turkey, and presented the tail
athers to his great aunt, Miss
satie Garrett. as a trophy dust
er. Lee Garrett brought in four
quail while Hugh French is
thrilled over killing his first
deer. The older hunters are also
doing much shooting but fire.
quently cannot show such re-
markable results as these boys.
Week end guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. v. French and family
We're Mr. and Mrs. ward
Marshall and Miss Jean Stone
OF Watervew. and Harry Elliott.
OF Essex County.
Among those who attended the
M Y,F. meeting at Betty KEEL
ler's home Sunday were Becky
French, Chris johnson, Bobby
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20
Sun-Cured Leaf
Sales, Richmond
Top 1859 Prices

Only a few grades failed to
show mere asses III average
prices during apening week Of
sales on the Virginia sun cured
tobacco market at Richmond
compared with the first week in
1859. These increases. combined
with improved quality offerings.
pushed the general average sub
Stantially above the one for the
first week last year.
Deliveries to market were
hampered by dry weather and
poundage sold was less than
half that on the first four days
last season. The amount of to-
bacco placed under Government
loan was negligible.
1894 Average
The Federal State Market
News Service report gross
sales m ounte ID to 274 .392
pounds for an average of $50 "a
per hundred. This average top
ped the one for the correspond
ing period last year by 81 80.
Turnover then totaled 57O.478
pounds averaging $35 .55.
Increases Of 50 to S. per hun
dred pounds occurred for low
and fair quality thin leaf, Tugs.
and nondescript. Better thin
leaf and all heavy leaf were
unchanged to 81 higher than quo
tations of a year ago. Much lar
ger percentages of fair and
good qualities were sold than
during the first week in 1859
The tobacco this year was
heavier and had a better color.
Closes Dec. Is
The market will close for the
holidays after sales this Friday,
Dec 16, and will resume sales
on January 10. 1861.
In addition to sales at Rich
mond. 43.308 pounds of this type
have been sold on the Virginia
fire-cured markets which open
ed on November %. These sales
have averaged S348l a hun
dred. Sun cured sales on the
Richmond market and the fire
cured markets combined have
totaled BIT 700 pounds averaging
500 "a.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20

WASHINGTON, D. c. ~ The
White House has just issued an
invitation to all the people of the
nation to take a direct and &C
tive part in the Civil War Cen
tennial that will open formally
on January and continue for
five years.
BY Proclamation. President
Eisenhower requested all units
and agencies Of the government
federal. state and local-''to
encourage. foster and partici-
pate in Centennial observances.
The Presidents message urges
schools and colleges. libraries
and museums, churches and re-
ligious groups, civic. service
and p riotic organizations.
learned professional societies
arts, sciences and industries.
and all international media to
plan and carry out their own
appropriate Centennial obser-
vances during the years 196l-65.
Principles ExtOIled
The Presidents Proclamation
termed the Civil War "Ameri-
kca 5 m 5 tragic experience
But like all truly great TRACE
dies. the President added. it
carries with it an enduring les
son and a profound inspiration.
1t was a demonstration of hero
ism and sacrifice by men and
women Of both sides. who valued
principle above life itself and
whose devotion to duty is
proud part of our national IN
heritance. :
He recalled that both the
North and South "sent into their
armies men who became sold
iers as good as any who ever
fought under any flay.'' Mill
tary history. he said, records
nothing finer than the courage
and spirit displayed as such
battles as Chickamauga. Ante
tam, Kenewav Mountain and
Gettysburg. That America could
produce men so valiant ana so
enduring is a matter for deep
and abiding pride.
American Spirit
This same spirit on the part
OF the people back home, he
pointed out. supported those
soldiers through four years of
great trial.
THAT Nation which con-
tanned hardly more than 80 mil
Ian people. North and South to-
gether, could sustain 800 900
deaths without faltering." he
concluded, is lasting testi-
mOnial to something unconquer-
able in the American spirit. And
that transcending sense of
unity and larger common pur-
pose could, in the end. cause the
men and women who had suf-
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20

apprentice that Williamson train
ed in 40 years. Young Lair has
ro illusions about the years of
hard work that lie ahead.
Most of my friends think
am crazy, and / know a lot of
people have tried bfacksmithing
and given up because the work
was too hard, but. like hard
work, and l love horses. I can
mix them both on this job Pat
rick said.
His ia nd ard bred trotter.
'Leprechaun,' has been shown
extensively iE the Virginia and
North Carolina horse show Cir
cult. The family also owns at the
present time a pleasure horse
ard two Shetland ponies.
The youths first extensive con-
tact with horses was in England
where his father was stationed.
While there, he learned to ride
at a very young age ard con-
tinued his interest in horses when
the family returned to the United
States.
Patrick isn't the traditional
broad. bullying muscle type
blacksmith. He is a slender
5'9'. In spite of his size he has
vet to find the horse he cannot
handle.
Another tt a di ii O n that has
changed is that the old time
blacksmith shop no longer exists.
In this modern horse age. the
horse is no longer brought to the
shop, the blacksmith travels to
the horse.
Everything that Patrick needs
for hOrSeShoeing is carried in a
trailer. The equipment includes
forge. anvil, shoes to fit all sizes
of horses and ponies, files. nails,
rasps and all of the other para
phernalia needed in the trade.
Most of the shoes he uses come
from a manufacturer in Missouri
and by a little heating and ham
mering can be made to fit. How
ever, if a customer desires a set
Of shoes made special he makes
them in his home work shop out
of high grade iron bars.
In addition to blacksmithing
and farming, Lair is member
Ct the Eighth Rifle Company,
United States Marine Corps Re
serve. Of Lynchburg.
His ambition in life is to CON
tinue blacksmithing and raise
horses ard ponies on his own
farm some day.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20
Young Hunters Put The
Older Ones To Shame

Woodson and Billy Jamerson.
T. L. jenkins is very i'll at
his home here. He has been
in declining health for several
years.
Mrs. Herbert Goodman ac-
companied Mrs. Howard Cor
don, Of Richmond. to Williams
burg Friday to visit two friends,
Mrs. Minnie Kirbey and Miss
Matte Goodman, who are hos
pitaliZed there. Miss Goodman
seemed quite well and would ap-
preciate earing from her
friends.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20
White House Proclamation
Five-Year Civil War Centennial
Formal Opening Set January s

fered so greatly to close ranks
once the contest ended and to
go on toge her to build a
gre ter, freer and happier
America must be a source of
inspiration as long as our coun-
try may last
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20
Takes Shop To The Horses
Takes Shop To The Horses
On 7he-ROad Blacksmith Shop
Operated By A Pan1plin Man

Anne High School IN 1858. Pat
rick started his apprenticeship
under 73-year-old r. L. William
son. SIS years a blacksmith in
7orfolk. He also worked with
Roland DIVA Il, formerly of
Lynchburg. Patrick was the first
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20

PAMPLIN. Dec. 10 - Patrick
Lair. son Of Commander H. P.
Lair. USN retired. has opened
blacksmith shop on his fathers
farm. "Lo-Lair, three miles
north of Pamplin.
Upon graduation from Princess
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20
THANKFUL

First Spinster ~ Is it true that
YOU are going to be married,
Miss Antique?
Second Ditto No; but l am
thankful for the rumor.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1960-12-20

Have you seen the grocer's
bill. dear?" asked the bank
teller.
Il sent it back to him, darling,
marked insufficient funds -