davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
RATIFY THE 18th

The incoming Colorado Assembly might we'll take
ton which although entirely emblematic would GER
tainy be expressve To ratify the 14th Amendment to
the Constitution of the United States
The 14th is the equal rights" amendment
It's critics argue that it first adopted in 1868
only through the action of capetbag legislatures after
earlier had rejected it. and that therefore morally
at least it has no place in the Constitution
Nothing could better demonstrate the firmneSs of
the American people in defense of their Constitution
whole and in support of great American principle
than for all states whose people wish to ratfy to
reratify the 14th.
Actually, one state that formerly rejected it has
already ratified it. In the Maryland Senate last year
Negro state senator and offered resolution of
ratification to show the of this great state
in the principles therein enunciaed And the resolution
passed both houses by overwhelming majorlties.
This leaves Kentucky as the only state which orig
nay rejected the 14th, and is still in that position.
Delaware ratified in 1901
California state when the 14th offered for
ratification but did not then ratify The California Leg
sature too has now formally approved the amendment
Those states which joined the Union after the 14th
became part of the Constitution of had orig
na opportunity to rafy They include Alaska Arizona,
Colorado, Hawaii Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, North
I'D South Dakota Oklahoma Utah, Washington and
wyoming
OF course there notes. at least in the eyes of all
states to actual observance of the 18th Sometimes
those who criticize Southern states for beams in their
eyes ought to take look in the mirror
But the difference is that when a violation of the
14th abuse of its spirit occurs most states their
officials, and their courts take appropriate action
This we'll Illustrated in Colorado when SUI
preme Court cracked down on the easy custom of one
Colorado county that excluded all citizens with Spanish
sounding names from the jury rolls.
Now it would be fine, decent and worthwhile
thing for assembly formally to ratfy the 14th
though without actual legal force and effect but as in
the of Maryland to how the concurrence of this
great state with the principles ved-Roscoe Flem
ing in the Denver Post.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Independence In The Cameroons

Until today the youngest Independent republic in
the world was Guinea, the former French colony At
rcaS West Coast which opted out of the French Com
munaute in September of 1853.
Today new state is born some 500 miles to
the east OF Guinea but STILL huge is Africa in the
general part of that exploding continent The
state is only In that today it casts off the tuteage
of France and takes all the trappngs of complete in
dependence 1t is the Cameroons United Nations Trust
Territory until the dawn of this New Year
A former German colony, most of which became
French mandate after the first World War he smaller
part went to the British and is still in rusteeship) the
Cameroons stretches from the dank and ropc of
the Gulf of Guinea 700 miles up to the desert re-
gions around Lake Chad. In larger than Cali
fornia the Cameroons contains only 80 million people
(one-fifth as many in California;, of whom mere
$4,000 Europeans. Fortunately for relations,
these few whites only the tniest fraction of the
land.
If anybody can hold the Cameroons together as a
en- Premier Ahamadou Ahido is the man; but his task
is far from In the first place. there fierce
g1ouS and tribal divisions between the undeveoped Mos
lem North and the somewhat better developed South
division incidentally that is paralleled all along At
rcas West Coast Secondly there is exied group of
IeftWing dssidents with headquarters in Guinea and
IN Egypt, that has been conducting terror campaign
within the country the ground that Ahido is merely
sooge of the French and that todays independence is
merely farce Thirdly there is serious tribal and social
the eastern border that separates the French from Brit
lsh trust territory Fourthly the Cameroons
nomicaly dependent France and will without doubt
continue to be so.
Premier Ahidjo will of course continue to have the
advice and guidance of the French It has been denied
munaute though that could be logical development if
the Communicate evolves in the way presently indicated
permitting state to remain in Association with France
and still be technically Independent.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

tribute to Abraham Lincoln with
a wreath laying ceremony at the
foot of the Emancipation Group"
statue showing Lincoln freeing the
Negro from the shackeis of slav-
cry. 1t is the Districts only mon
ument erected with funds contrib
uted solely by Negroes. Follow
ing a brief speech by David Saw
yer, director of the d. C. Council
of Human Relations, flowers were
placed on the impressive monu-
ment by Dorothy I. Height, ma
tional president of NCNW.
The activities were part Of the
Councils Century of Freedom prof.
ect. It's objective is to erect q
memorial honoring its founder,
Mary Mcleod Bethune. The Beth
une statue will be unveiled Janu-
airy 1, 1868, marking 100 years Of
Negro freedom. 1t will be the
Nations Capital first Negro me-
mortal on public lands.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
NcNw Holds Emancipation Program;
Leaders Cite Progress OF Race

WASHINGTON, D. C.-Negroes
made advances in four important
fields of endeavor during 1859 &C.
cording to reports given by local
leaders on New Years Day. They
spoke to the theme Strides Toward
Freedom at the second annual
Emancipation Com m emoration
program sponsored by the National
Council of Negro Women.
Reporting the races progress
during 1859 were Flake Pinket,
realtor and insurance executive;
Mrs. Patricia Harris, member Ma
tional Board, YWCA; Rev. E.
Franklin Jackson, president, Wash
ington branch, NAACP, and At
torney harrington d. Parker, D..
c. Council of Human Relations.
The leaders spoke on the economic,
political, religious and community
progress made during the past
year.
In Lincoln Park after the Com
memoration program, citizens paid
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

81 million Americans have not yet bothered to take the
first shot The appalling facts that million of these
children under four and that many million among
low income groups concentrated in areas designed
soft spots"
To determine new soft spot" areas early in 1860,
the New Mothers March will conduct vaccination
survey along with New March of Dimes collections on
the night of January g. The also will seek data
birth defects and arthritis program goals of the
New March of Dimes
While vaccination of the unprotected half of the
nations population perhaps the biggest unfinished job
of poio polio patient and polio research still
prise the major items in the budget of The National
Foundation
Polio victims chapter rolls will need patient
for years to The cost of this care in 1859
$165OOOOO The cost of medical for polio patients
and children with arthritis and birth defects is esat
ed at $35,3OO,OOO
Research to determine the effectiveness and the
longevity of the Sak vaccine well research
to if the vaccine be improved More than ST.
100000 in March of Dimes funds has been spent in
search to develop live vaccine Half OF this amount has
supported the work of Dr. Albert Sabin of the Unver-
sity of Cincinnati =
The New March of Dimes carries on the unfinished
job of polio which begun by Franklin D. Roosevelt
just 20 years ago.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

The area within the city is ap-
proximately Is square miles, the
population 0958 est is 1872. 600
and is comprised of approximate
ly $4,000 families.
Although it is in close proximi-
ty to the business and industrial
centers. the residential section
of Youngstown occupies the sur
rounding hills and rolling area,
making possible numerous at
tractive residential districts The
streets are well kept and are
beautifully shaded, and connect
with a system of improved high
ways traversing this section in
all directions.
Youngstown is the county seat
of Mahoning County and has a
Home Rule Charter form of gov
eminent. One of the city's finest
possessions is Mill Creek Park. a
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Time Running Out For Touga|oo
National Teachers Examination

sentative test questions may be
obtained from Dean A. A. Branch,
Tougaloo Southern Christian Col
lege, Tougaloo, Mississippi or di-
rectly from the National Teacher
Examinations, Educational Test
ing Service, 20 Nassau Street,
Princeton, New Jersey.
At the one-day testing session
a candidate may take the Common
Examinations, which include tests
in Professional Information, Gen.
eral Culture, English Expression,
and Nonverbal Reasoning. In ad-
dition, each candidate may take
one or two Optional Examinations
which are designed to demonstrate
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Witches And
Sorcerers Get
241 Killed In
Belgian Congo
Authorities Say
Outbreak Worst
In 40 Years

Mweka, Belgian Congo, Dec. 81
Here in the savannah country on
the southern edge of the dark
equatorial forest PAL suspected wit
ches and sorcerers have been put to
death by poison since Dec. /.
Belgian authorities said today
that this weird outbreak of tsch-
para, or trial by poison, was the
most serious since the traditional
Bantu method of exterminating
witches and outlawed forty years
ago.
They noted that all the victims
were old, useless and unloved men,
i.bers of the Bakuba tribe. Such
people are vulnerable targets in
any witch hunt, they observed.
Ten misheke, or professional
mixers of poison, have been ar
rested. Some misheke were turned
over to the police by the King of
Bakuba, 70-year-old Lukengu, who
was received by King Baudouin to-
day in Luluabourg. But the inves-
litigation is hampered by the fact
that no one, including $50 accused
witches and sorcerers who survived
the trial, see anything wrong about
tschipapa.
The Belgians explained that
tschipapa generally starts after a
family, clan or tribe has had run
of bad luck. Perhaps crops failed
or a wife proved sterile. Or maybe
a child sickened and died. The
family becomes convinced witch
has put curse on them.
Sometimes a family leader will
make a direct accusation against
an alleged witch. Often be consults
a diviner.
The diviner confronts the patient
with an interminable handshake.
While pumping hands the diviner
questions the patient about family
and friends. A convulsive jerk of
the patients hand duplicates as a
likely witch the person whose name
has lust been mentioned by the di-
viner.
Having identified the source of
the curse the patient next obtains
an exercising agent. He gees to
pharmacist (misheke), who not
only produces poison from the
bark of the ihumi tree but person
ally administers four small cups of
toxic brew to each suspected witch.
He charges 500 francs 500 a
visit plus 200 francs for the four
potions. This is more money than
most Bakuba see in a year, but
they regard it as francs well spent.
The most bizarre feature OF
tschipapa is the fact that accused
witches and sorcerers willingly
submit to the ordeal. They are
eager to prove their innocence.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Anti Defamation ;,
Continued from Page One)


The report warned that problems
in the fields of education, voting,
housing and employment were $50
pressing that they required Con-
gressional remedies as early as
possible in 1860"
Factors Singled Out
The leagues study cited the fol-
lowing as the principal factors for
the disappointing" record of Con-
gress:
Failure of the Administration
to show the same interest and lead
ership in civil-rights measures as
it had in fighting for passage OF
the labor rackets BILL"
Revival of the conservative Re-
publican and Southern Democratic
party colition, (which exchanged
votes needed for civil rights mea-
sures for those required to pass
the labor bill and for economics
IN appropriations"
Lack of grass-roots pressure for
civil-rights legislation.
The influence of 1.-TWO key COM
mittees and their chairmen, both
staunch opponents Of civil-rights
legislation - Senator James East
land of Mississippi, head Of the
Judiciary Committee, and Howard
Smith of Virginia, head Of the
House Rules Committee"
The fact that the Senate in jan
uary, 1859, did not adopt an effec-
tive closure rule to curb "talka-
thons that continue to hang threat
eningly over civil-rights legisla-
ton"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

Less than two weeks remain for
prospective teachers who plan to
take the National Teacher Exami-
nations at Tougaloo Sou. Chris
tan College on February Is, to
submit their completed applications
for these tests to Educational Test
ing Service, 20 Nassau Street,
Princeton, New Jersey, Dean A.
A. Branch announced today. APP
plications for the examinations
must be forwarded so as to reach
the Princeton Office not later than
January Is. Applications for the
examinations and Bulletin of In
formation describing registration
procedures and containing repre-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

two boys, Alimany and Phillip, and
girl, Jeneba.
Members of the United Church
Women and others located an ap-
artment for the family here and
furnished it with household essen
tials donated by interested people.
Members of the Akron Evangelical
United Brethren chourch who sent
a missionary to Nigeria several
years ago rented a truck to haul
the furniture.
Young Phillip Bangura is named
for the missionary, the Rev. Phillip
Gehm. In fact it is due to the Rev.
Mr.. Gehm that the Banguras are
here.
The missionary urged the Afri-
can pastor to come to this country
to study, and with Rev. Mr.. Ban
gura first attended Dayton, Ohio,
Theological Seminary before COM
ing to the University of Akron.
Changes in temperature, seem
cry, and language are all being
taken in stride by the new
corners. The Banguras have agreed
to quit talking to their children
in their tribal tongue called "Tem-
ne"
Every word they say now is in
English. ,Sf FFa'a
Sometimes we get mixed up in
the kitchen with the words for
stove and chair and table," ex-
plains the happy father.
"Our oldest is already enrolled
in an Akron kindergarten. He was
scared when he saw his first snow!
But Jeneba, our little girl, wasn't
She went right out and played in
it."
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

other. Negro leaders, he said
should use them 'in the struggle
against tyranny from without and
ignorance from within"
The Mayor addressed 800 men,
bers of the Omega Phi Psi Fra
ternity at its 46th meeting at the
New Yorker Hotel.
Your college training, / am
sure, has taught you that educa-
ton, since the first days Of our
American independence" the May
or said, "has been a true defender
Of the American way Of life. Edu-
cation, 50 dependent upon democ-
racy for its growth and freedom,
became in turn our hope for the
growth and freedom of democracy
ITSELF"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

beautiful natural park in the
country, covering 2,120 acres of
land. Youngstown University,
opened in 1908, has an enrolment
of over $500.
While the Youngstown district
is primarily recognized as great
steel center, there is a wide di-
versity of manufacture in the
area. Mechanical and moulded
rubber goods, electric lamps,
aluminium chairs, steel office fur
niture, rolling mill equipment.
automotive parts, aluminium ex-
trusions. paint, plastics and cleo
tronic equipment are some of the
products which add to the man.
ufacturing importance of Youngs-
town.
Youngstown is also situated in
the eastern coal province. which
contains nine-tenths of the high
grade coal of the country.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

hCV JO1N n. fEhhlINO
1--WE ARE LIVING TOO FAST
TO LOVE ONE ANOTHER"
We have got too many houses that
we call the Church
Yet Christ is asking for the old
heart
He said give me your old heart,
and new one l will give
So stop giving Christ brains, He
wants the old heart.
These young people are all big
time
But we had to learn to work when
we came up
So the same life have got to come
back on the scene
If we want our young children re-
deemed.
You can't find any group today
What wants to do hard work, they
all want to do the brain job
So it looks like the world is trying
to have one price
So brain is the highest in this
long or short life.
Work while it is still day
We are trying to put our light
above the Lord
Yet the Lord gives all day light
today
With the stroke of the power of
the world.
We are all going too fast in life
today
Making men and women out of
boys and girls
We must slow down and obey Gods
Will, its right
We need more love today in all our
lives.
If we want life that will stand
the test
If we build our life by it, it must
be the best
So if we live a christian life and
love one another also
We won't have any trouble when
we come to Heaven Door.
Christ said nothing but the right
eous shall stand
So we might as we'll build our lives
on Jesus plans if we want to
get to Heaven
Because he said none but the
righteous
In Heaven shall get in.
What an easy way to stand the
test
Stop lying to Christ, He knows
all the rest
So if we get in Gods Heaven you
Our lives must surely be the best.
So my people we must stop right
here
Because God the Heavenly Father
we must face
The people are disobeying Gods
Holy Word
And in Gods House, they do not
care,
This present people know too much
and do not believe
You are leaving father and mother
out of your life
And Making this world hell to
live in
And everywhere you go you carry
sin.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Americas Unfinished Job: Polio

1t took series of brutal epidemics striking in 1859
with fury unseen for several years reawaken the
American public to it's unfinished Job
POLIO.
By mid October So 900 doses of the Sak vaccine
had been shipped for domestic Counties in previous
had thrown away vaccine for lack of use found
themselves with shortages last July and August
Despite the fact that paralytic polio is on the up
swing, striking down in 1859 than 5000 victims
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

Akron, o. Jan. l - eve have
everything we need now. Well get
along fine. We thank you ALL"
The Rev. Thomas Bangura of
Sierra Leone, British West
Africa, a sophomore student at
the University of Akron, sat in
the midest of lis family newly
arrived from their home town of
Magburaka to be reunited with him
after more than year of separa-
ton.
The happy father, formerly a
minister in West Africa, was Civ
ing thanks to Akron church groups
that with commando" efficiency
rallied to the cause of bringing
the family here to join their
father.
The Rev. Mr.. Bangura's studies
at the university will take an
other two years and he also is
hoping to continue on and get a
Masters Degree IN education be-
fore his return home.
eve felt the children should
not grow up without a fathers
care so we decided to scrape up
the money to get them all here"
explained one of the Akron
ministers
Churchwomen from all over the
area rallied to the cause after the
Rev. Bangura said he could help
finance their trip to this country
himself. He has been jockeying
broom at the university study halls
in his off hours to earn the money.
The children and their mother,
Mrs. Regina Rangura travelled
from Africa to New York on a
tramp steamer. The children include
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
Negroes Exhorted BY n. Y. Mayor

New York, Jan. I - Mayor
Wagner urged members Of a pre-
dominantly Negro fraternity yes
terday to strive constantly for
"better education, housing and a
decent living"
He said it was the American
heritage that democracy and edu-
cation were dependent upon each
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
New Class For Expectant Mothers
At Mt. beuIah Christian Center

Edwards, Miss. Jan. 5 - "a
new class in Prenatal and Post
natal Care for Expectant Mothers
will begin at Mt. Beulah Christian
Center, Edwards, Miss, on jan
uary IL and will continue until
March l. This class is open to all
expectant mothers who have not
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09
African Couple .

Continued from Page One)
noting rehabilitation. The fund
is q non-profit organization sup
ported by American industry,
foundations and individuals to as
sist in the international develop
ment Of rehabilitation services.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1960-01-09

yet enrolled in the course. The
class will meet every Tuesday from
ell am. during each week of the
session.
A layette will be presented to
each mother who attends the eight
week course regularly"
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-11-03

Rev. Bell of Browning came out
Thursday afternoon to conduct
bible class. The children look
forward to his visit.
Three of our upper grade chill,
dren from the base are leaving
next week. They are Tony and
Jimmy Waldron and Peggy Shaw.
er. Peggy is going to Alaska and
the twins to California.
The Stencil children, Kenny
Barbara and Susan are back in
school. They were near Minot
visiting relatives.
All the children are looking
forward to the long week end.
A little going away party was
given the twins and Peggy by
their classmates and teacher, Mrs.
Downey. The boys got T-shirts
which the children autographed
and Peggy an autograph book
Doris Mclaughlin, fourth grad
er, also went home in the after
noon with severe side ache. We
hope it isn't appendicitis.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-11-03

Mr.. S. E. Anderson of Billings,
Montana, state manager of the
American Republic Insurance Co.
is visiting in Browning this week.
While here, Mr.. Anderson is
completing arrangements for rep
resentatives of the American Re-
public Insurance Company to per-
sonally interview all residents of
Glacier county to fully explain
the various plans of hospital, sur
gical and nursing insurance that
are available to those who can
qualify.
Mr.. Anderson said that several
different plans of protection are
available to suit the varied needs
of families or individuals. For
further information see full page
announcement.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-11-03

by AIeen Spareur

Mrs. Moore, State Rural Super
visor and Mrs. Taft, County Supt
Of Schools were out visiting our
school Tuesday forenoon.
We had a parent-teachers meet
ing at the school Tuesday eve
ming. Philip Ward. Superintend
ent of Schools, Mr.. McKeown
elementary principal. Mrs. Rem
shaw. primary principal and Mr.
Fisher were out from Brown
ing for our meeting. There was
a good turnout by the parents.
Mrs. Vera Armstrong of the
WOOdsman Accidental Insurance
Co. for schools was out Wednes
day afternoon.
4 Halloween party was plan.
ned for Monday afternoon at the
school There will be trick or
treats for the kids at the base
Halloween night
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-11-03

trict offices listed on the trap
per map for eastern Montana.
There is no limit to the number
of beaver that may be taken in
eastern Montana.
Other furbearing animal sea-
sons run from Nov. 10 through
December 81 on mink; through
April 80 on muskrat and otter
and through February % on mar
ten and the Canada Lynx.
Of interest to trappers is an in
formation bulletin entitled From
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1960-11-03

yer trappers to submit their APP
plications to the Helena office.
Beaver season will run through
April 80, 1861. Thirty-five areas
are open in western Montana,
five of which are mo limit" areas.
Some early seasons opened Oct.
Is.
General beaver permits for
eastern Montana are available
after November l and may be OBJ
tanned only by applying to state
fish and game wardens and dis