davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Misnomed Wall

Must we let a high-sounding
proposal, the Freedom Wall"
go up only to come down on
us like a hunk of granite just
because no one wants to say
anything bad about free
DOM? I agree with the bird
watcher who wrote that it
will probably be fine for the
starlings to roost on (al-
though even estimating costs
at so much per starting we
cannot afford it with our
present everlasting indebted
neSS).
However, if we must spend
the same pocket burning
money we don't have on a
monument, let's clean up the
Potomac River so the George
Washington Memorial Park
way will smell good. We are
all very grateful to George
Washington as far as I can
determine and I am sure he
would think it a practical
tribute to everybody. Maybe
some of his descendants will
be swimming in our could-be
pleasant Potomac yet. On a
hot day that could be pretty
nice. Tourists from all over
could share our pleasure in
it too.
Let's make our contribu-
tions to the Freedom Wall"
-three-cent postcards to the
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Another Study?

II all the studies of the U. S. Route
240 controversy were laid end to end,
they would reach a substantial distance
along any route between Bethesda and
downtown Washington. 1t is with no
relish, therefore, that we look forward
to yet another one this time a Joint
three-way effort by highway experts of
the District, Maryland and the Federal
Bureau of Public Roads.
The strange truth about this oldest
OF all WashingtonS highway disputes,
however, is that far too many questions
still have not been answered about
whether Federal money would be better
earmarked for an expreSSway in the
Wisconsin avenue traffic corridor, or one
through the north-central section of the
city. This was made all too clear by the
congressional hearing held on the sub
ject the other day by Senator Case of
South Dakota. The champions of each
route vigorously defended their choice,
and with equal fervor criticized the
physical and economic feasibility of the
other. Some witnesses took refuge in
the assertion, which undoubtedly is true,
that freeWayS in both locations ulti-
mately will be needed, and that no harm
will be done if their selection is built
first This does not seem to us to be
an adequate solution, however, for the
cost estimates of both run in excess of
$10O million, and the probability is that
the first one to be built will be standing
alone for long time.
AS Senator Case emphasized, the
fencing" and "bandying about" of
Route 240 locations for so many years
has created intolerable uncertainty for
property owners along the various
routes. His criticism of the inability of
government agencies of the area to get
together also was fully justified. But the
fact is that they have not been able to,
and the new three-way Study-ordered
by Representative Fallon of Maryland, a
veteran of many highway battles in the
HouSe-at least has the merit of taking
a step in this direction.
District and Maryland officials are
against the Wisconsin avenue location,
and In favor of the north-centraI route.
Although it now repeatedly is backing
off, the Bureau. of Public Roads has
strongly favored the Wisconsin ave-
nue. route in the past. The idea of the
new study, as we understand it, is that
these three Jurisdictions will finance
jointly compilation" of all the argu-
ments, and an analysis of their validity,
possibly by an impartial" consultant.
On the face Of it, this gives an
advantage to the District and Maryland
officials, for it means that the Bureau
of Public Roads will be taking a stronger
look at something other than the Wis
conSin avenue location. If the facts are
gathered impartially, however, there is
nothing wrong in this. We do hope that
if conSultant is hired, he limits him
self to facts and leaves the conclusions
to the community. For the frequency
with which the findings of highway con-
SultantS coincide with the views of the
people who hire them is amazing, and
the poor consultant in this instance
might not know which way to turn.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE
reader get by mail
By THE HASH

@. How does a business
company get a trademark
registered?-R.D.
A. A trademark must be in
actual use by the company
in interstate or foreign COM
merce at the time the appli-
cation for registration is
made. The company employs
a lawyer to search the US.
Patent Office records in
Washington to see whether
the mark it is using has
been previously used or reg
iStered. If not, formal appli-
cation for its registration is
made. The Patent Office then
checks it's files of trademarks.
and publishes the proposed
registration of the trademark
in the Official Gazette II it
appears to be unregistered.
Within 80 days afttr publica-
ton, registration Of the mark
may be challenged. II un-
challenged within 80 days, the
new trademark Is registered
Evening star., 1960-06-20

low wage advantage of
Japan is largely discounted.
The Japanese Government
has fully subscribed to the
proposition that international
trade should not be based on
social dumping. 1t agrees
that importing countries
have a right to expect that
goods offered to them have
been produced under work.
ing conditions not inferier to
the national standard in the
exporting country. To this
end. Japan has one of the
most comprehensive codes Of
labor standards and social
welfare legislation in the
world. In cases where wages
in a particular industry in an
exporting country are sub
standard in that country,
rem dies can be found
through action in ILO or
GAIT.
Recognizing that a sudden
large influx of certain i'm
ports can have a damaging
effect, Japan has voluntarily
limited exports to the United
States of textiles and textile
products to quantities which
are a small percentage of
United States domestic pro-
duction.
An American producer who
is truly hurt or threatened
by low cost imports can in
woke the protection Of the
escape clause in our Tariff
Act, under which the United
States can modify or revoke
tariff concessions if increased
imports result in or even
threaten serious injury. In
these cases all factors, not
just foreign wages, are taken
into account. Serious injury
is a traditional reason to
protect United States pro-
ducers, but the simple exist
ence of low wages in the ex-
porting country is not prima
facie evidence of injury.
Nelson A. Stitt.
Director, United States
Japan Trade Council.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Challenge to u. S. Reciprocal Trade Policy

The recent threat of the
Amalgamated Clothing
Workers to boycott Japanese
textiles and finished gar
mentS imported into the
United States poses a seri-
Gus challenge to our Gov
ernment's reciprocal trade
policy. BY attributing its
decision to unfair competi-
tion from low wage countries
which use "sweated labor"
the union has raised an issue
which requires Qualification.
AS Secretary of Labor
James P. Mitchell said re-
Gently in a speech before
the Rotary International
Convention in Miami Beach,
"A straight hourly wage COM
parison is a deceptively
simple and always erroneous
measure of our competitive
position" The Secretary
went on to point out that
fringe benefits added only
20%o to the United States
basic hourly wage bill as
against 45%o in France, 75Po
in Italy, and somewhere in
between for most other coun-
tries. He cited a recent study
which showed that while
United States wage rates in
steel production were more
than three times hourly wage
rates in Western European
countries, when all produc-
ton costs were figured in,
American steel was produced
at a total cost competitive
with the total cost of any
Western European country.
A country's wages must
necessarily match the pur-
chasing power of its curren-
cy and the general produc-
tivity of its economy. Much
more important than direct
wage costs in determining
prices is the unit cost Of
production. The unit cost of
production, as every busi-
nessman knows, results from
variables Tin addition to
wages such as capital in
vestment per worker, man
agerial skills, cost of raw
Evening star., 1960-06-20

as the property of the COM
pany which applied for it.
@. Did John Cleves SYM
mes publish anything on his
theory that the earth was
open at the poles and hollow
and inhabited inside? S. E.
A. In 1918 Symmes pub
lished the first Of a long
series Of pamphlets advo-
eating the theory Of concen-
trio spheres applicable to the
structure of the planetary
bodies. In 1922 and 1923 he
even petitioned Congress to
fit out a polar expedition to
prove his theory. His princi-
pal publication 1926 was
Theory Of Concentric
Spheres. Symmes, born in
Sussex County. N. j., in 17S0,
died at Hamilton, Ohio, in
1929. An abstract Of his the
ories and arguments appeared
in the Atlantic Monthly for
April 1873.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

with the contamination of
our air and water.
Fortunately, nature is large.
she contains multitudeS, as
the poet said.
She can filter both the
blood Of men and the very
lifeblood Of the air.
The question Is, can she do
1t If we keep pouring atomic
waste into her?
From the standpoint Of
overall nature. there is no
way we can get these waste
products out of nature.
Even If, in future ages, we
were able to carry them to
the stars. the plain fact would
still stare US in the face, that
the stars and planets are a
part Of nature, too. as we
know it.
The safety guard may be
that we do not, after all, know
nature yet.
Nature may have a store
house of her own for such
products.
The best solution, it would
seem at this time, would be for
humanity to give up playing
with such potent weapons.
Fortunately, this is a solu-
ton now being considered.
Humanity has to talk itself
into this, first. before it can
do anything about it.
A small home compost
pile. no matter how much
cherished, once contaminated,
must be disposed Of.
This is the best solution.
Let the man who collects the
leaves take it all away, and
you start over again.
1t will take time, but 1t
is better than using such
acrid material. Even the acid
loving plants, now so uni
verSally used in home gar
dens, will not stand this type
Of contamination.
The best rule is to keep
on throwing away all leaves
and composted material as
long as they have the kero-
Sene smell.
Since this is an unforget-
table smell, the home gardner
can make no mistake here.
Only when his compost
pile is clean can he start
over again to make new COM
post.
And the next time, watch
the painter!
Evening star., 1960-06-20
LETTERS TO THE STAR

papers that we would rather
have something practical. And
if we have Congressman we
should write them that the
idea has already taken such
a beating in the papers and
converSationally that it will
be a laughing wall" or, as
some bright soul suggested in
The Star, a "wailing wall"
for the taxpayer. l am not
only getting annoyed with the
extravaganza but am bored
with the subject, but not
enough to just ignore it. A
taxpayer gets some things for
his money-but the Free
dom Wall" isn't one Of them.
E. G..
In all the views expressed
about the so-called Freedom
Wall, one basic point has
been overlooked. A wall does
not stand for freedom. In
stead, a wall denotes lack OF
freedom, Imprisonment. A
wall prevents a person from
going where he wishes, when
he wishes. A wall is symbolic
of restraint, not freedom.
For this reason alone, con-
Struction of a Freedom"
wall would be a farce. Let
us not spend money for
something utterly useless and
ugly. I am sure the poor lads
who lie in Arlington would
say, If they could, they want
no wall-juSt the blue sky
and green grass above them,
as they always have been.
I feel I can speak for them.
Two of my own boys lie there
today.
Amy L. White.
Gold Star Mother
Evening star., 1960-06-20
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
How Humans Behave When Isolated

changes detrimental to
mental health have SO far
been observed. The method
yields a rich variety of data
useful for interpreting per-
sonality structure and func-
tioning."
= -
Various structures in the
middle brain have consider
able and different effects on
behavior below the level of
consciousness.
This has been reported by
DR.. Lorne D. Proctor of the
Henry Ford Hospital, De-
troit.
The mid BRAIN" with
numerous subdivisions Of
nerve cell areas. now serves
in mammals, including man,
primarily as a pathway be-
tween the ancient. primitive
instinct areas" at the base
of the brain and the cerebral
cortex, or roof of the brain.
where all higher centers are
located. In reptiles and birds,
however, it remains the top
brain"
Monkeys Tested
DR.. Proctor and her as
sociates implanted electrodes
in different parts Of this
brain area Of monkeys and
observed the physical effects
of electrical stimulation. Pre-
sumably these were not CON
sciouS" to the animal.
Quite distinct effects came
from stimulation of the So
called hypothalamus, or floor
of this old brain. There was
restlessneSS, searching move
ments, rapid opening and
closing of the lips, gutteral
calls, and lack Of ability to
perform well-learned tasks.
Precisely these same symp-
toms had been observed in
control monkeys in whom a
state Of anxiety had been
produced by other means.
There was also dilation of the
pupils of the eyes, spasmodic
variation in their observable
size, and some inability to CO.
ordinate eye movements.
Electrical stimulation Of
other areas caused such
symptoms as lethargy, smack
ing Of tongue and lips, and
inability to swallow food
placed in the mouth. There
was, however. no loss in
ability to perform learned
tasks.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Never-Ending Chase

Some individuals quickly
criticize the police policy of
pursuing speeding vehicles. I
fail to agree with their rea-
sons. Obviously it was tragic
that innocent persons had to
suffer in the recent stolen car
chase, but bystanders are
constantly suffering every
where. Are we to shackle the
citizens only protective
agency? Are we to make it
possible for lawleSs elements
to thrive. All too often po-
licemen are caught in tight
situations where, though they
could, they did not shoot.
I suggest that Washington
ianS be thankful they have
such a fine force.
Evening star., 1960-06-20

Notable differences in the
contents of consciousness
and in mental process are
brought about by complete
isolation of humans.
Experiments with student
volunteers demonSt r a ting
this have just been reported
by DR.. Jay T. Shurley. pro-
fessor of psychiatry at the
University of Oklahoma.
Alone in a room, shut of
from sights and sounds, and
sitting naked in a tub of luke
warm water, each of IL nor
NAL young men underwent a
series of two to five expert
ments.
This procedure" DR..
Shurley reported, was de-
signed to create a climate of
maximum freedom for psy-
chic activity. The conditions
provided hi gh personal
physical comfort although
they imposed extreme limi-
tations on sensory impulse
and limitation of movement.
Reactions Noted
From the data yielded it
is obvious that rather pro-
found, but transient altera-
tions in conscious content
and physiological and mental
life processes regularly occur.
Elements contributed by
physiological functioning Of
brain and body, current or
ganization of the subjects
personality, the character
structure, memory and fu-
ture anticipations could be
distinguished. Some spoke
voluntarily during the expe-
rience and all did so after
wards.
sleep may occur briefly,
time is regularly under
estimated. wide fluctuations
in the sense of available
energy are perceived, many
bodily sounds and processes
are perceived for the first
time, or with unusual clarity.
There are bursts and
flashes Of impressions sep
arated by blank periods,
Thinking patterns shifted
There were various completes
which would be called illu-
sional, delusional, or hallu-
cinatory under other circum-
stances were observed.
"Typically the subjects &C
cepted their experiences
rather we'll and regularly re-
quested repeat runs. Nc
Evening star., 1960-06-20

materials, supplies and pow
er, quality of labor. volume
of production, etc.
1t does not follow that
high wages mean high unit
costs of production. If this
were true, the United States
would not be competitive in
any product, rather than be-
ing, as we are. the worlds
leading exporter. In fact, our
leading export industries pay
higher wages than our i'm
port competing industries.
Higher productivity in these
industries more than offset
high wages.
Certainly it is true that some
United States industries do not
enjoy a productivity advan-
tage over foreign industries
great enough to compensate
for lower foreign wages, but
to restrict imports on this
basis is to sacrifice all gains
from international trade,
which depends on the prin-
'ciple of comparative adyan-
tage.
j Japanese productivity
ranges from 40 to u United
States productivity, depend
ing on the industry. One of
the basic reasons for this is
scarcity of capital. Smaller
japanese enterprises, having
the least capital to invest,
are the least efficient and
have the lowest productivity.
Another factor which
raises the total wage bill for
the Japanese manufacturer
is the necessity, because of
long sanctioned social Gus
toms, Of carrying unneeded
employees on his payroll as
a form Of unemployment in
surance. Their presence adds
to total labor costs and re-
duces productivity. High
transportation costs of need
ed imported raw materials
and high interest rates be-
cause of shortage of capital
also add to Japanese produc-
tion costs. If all these factors
are combined, the original
Evening star., 1960-06-20
Lesson of the Mobs

MOST members Of Tokyo'S Com
muniSt-led mobS now have skunk back
temporarily into the hooks and crannieS
OF the great city. Significantly enough,
although they have succeeded with their
dirty work in forcing the cancellation of
PRESIDENT EiSenhoWer'S projected visit,
they have fallen short of their prime
objective: They have failed to pre-
vent ratification of the new Japanese
American treaty of mutual security and
cooperation.
Prime Minister NobuSuke Kishi de-
serves most of the credit for this. True,
he and his Liberal-Democratic govern
ment have been sharply criticized for
not taking reSolute and effective action
against the riotous demonstrations of
recent weeks. But it must be said, in
fairness to him, that he has had to labor
under the handicap of a number of
unrealiStically soft police laws in post
war Japan laws adopted, ironically
enough, In keeping with some rather
excessively idealiStic and virtually man
datory recommendations of American
occupation authorities.
Yet, despite this handicap, Mr.
KiShi has refused to be coWed by the
climactic weekend turnout of the mobs
Instead, at more than little peril to
himself, he has firmly and courageouSly
held fast to a course that keeps his
country allied with ours in a mutually
beneficial pact we'll designed to serve
the cause Of peace, freedom and eco
nomic progress in Asia and the world
at large. Nevertheless, although he has
scored triumph of sorts in that re-
Spect, his popularity appears to have
suffered marked decline, and the ex-
pectation Is that he will soon resign
(perhapS Immediately after our Senate's
impending ratification of the treaty.
to pave the way for new parliamentary
elections and a new government for
Japan.
According to speculation in Japa-
nese radio, television and newspaper
circles (Which incidentally have shown
a diSturbingly strong tendency to be
rather non-objective and pro-leftist in
their reporting and comment), there Is
little or no doubt that Mr. Kishi'S rela-
OANCAJ NOA1oC1 NdC1NC A1DCI
Party is overwhelmingly more popular
than the small minority of extremists
represented by the mobS. Indeed, in the
last elections it garnered go per cent
OF the popular vote, and If it can do
approximately as well again in the pro-
Spective new contest, it will have every
reason to adhere to the essentials of
the pro-WeStern, non-neutralist, anti
Communist policies carried out under
Mr.. KiShi.
In any case, this is what must be
hoped for by all who value national
independence and individual freedom.
What must be hoped for, too, is that the
JapaneSe-now that they have seen how
dangerous Communicated mobs can be
will strengthen their laws to cope
with them accordingly. AS for our own
country, the lesson taught by the rioting
In Tokyo serves as yet another warming,
clear and ominouS, of the nature and
intent of the MoScow-Peiping Axis.
Evening star., 1960-06-20
ALEXANDRIA, Va.

Dear Sir:
What can I do about my
ruined compost?
"a painter I hired cleaned
his brushes in a cleanser with
keroSen base, and here
comes the terrible payoff:
He threw the contents of
said can right on my COM
post heap!
Should I throw 1t all away.
or take a chance on using it?
MY heart was almost bro
ken over this, since the COM
post, from leaves, was the best
I had ever managed to get.
"I have never found COM
posting vegetable matter an
easy task. Ordinarily it takes
at least two years to get
nice friable soil this way,
the rich black sort all gar
deners love.
IT am tempted to use this
material, despite the smell.
but so far I have not yielded
to temptation. What do you
think?
Sincerely, H. j."
-
The best advice is to get rid
Of it.
No chance should be taken
with such a spoiled batch.
The rains and the winds
and the SHOWS will not take
away the danger of such NAL
treated material.
Dig it all out, despite the
heartbreak, and get rid Of it.
so that it will contaminate
nothing, either in your own
yard or elsewhere.
This spoiled humus is right
On the borderline of con-
tamination.
This is, of course, con-
taminated world in which we
live.
Rivers suffer from one type
Of contamination, the air
from another.
In the future. there will be
many other kinds of con-
tamination, based solidly on
what is done with the refuse
from atomic plants.
Nobody seems to know how
to dispose of this material
safely. Perhaps there is no
way.
Hence the world must suf-
fer.
Contamination of a garden
compost heap is a small
thing, after all, in comparison
Evening star., 1960-06-20

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to con-
denSdtion.
Evening star., 1960-03-13

THE SUNDAY STAR
Washington, D. C., March IS, 1860
Evening star., 1960-03-13
Washington, D. c.

Northeast
STANDARD Tire & Bottey Company
Tenth and H Streets, ME.
Ii. 3-9O82
Northwest
Observation-Disclosures
722 Seventh Street, NV.
MA. $3.50
Dowds Inc.
44l8 Connecticut Avenue, NV.
EN-. 2-73OO
Electrical Center
Ala Tenth Street, NV.
MA. $3.50
FuIford SoIes, Inc.
ollo Georgia Avenue, NV.
TU. $4,000
General EIeetronics, Inc.
45l3 Wisconsin Avenue, NV.
EN-. 2-83OO
Georgetown Electric Co.
3l35 M Street, NV.
FE. 3-5757
Goodyear Service Stores
Sob Georgia Avenue, NV.
RA. 3-l5l4
Goodyear Service Stores
l4l5 22nd Street, NV.
DE. 2-57OO
Evening star., 1960-03-13

US. Merchandise Mart, Inc.
22O5 Wisconsin Avenue, NV.
FE. 7-570O
27le Wilson Blvd.
Arlington, Va.
IA. 4-360O
Southeast
BrontIey's Firestone Store
Branch Avenue and
Silver Hill Rood, Sc.
KE. $500
Burgess Electric & Hardware
Compony
6olO Allentown Road Sc.
CHI. 8.8622
District Home & Auto Supply
1920 Good Hope Road, Sc.
LU. 4-75OO
GIossmonor Firestone
1920 Indian Head Highway
LO. 7-2lO5
Southeast Radio & TV Compony
63l7 Marlboro Pike
RE. $500
Southwest
R. Mors The Contract Company
South Capitol and D Streets, S.W.
IL. 4-690O
Evening star., 1960-03-13

Silver spring, Maryland
MA. $500, Appliance Dept.
also:
Prince Georges PIozo
HyottsviIe, Maryland
AP. 7-34OO, Appliance Dept.
oIso:
PARKineton Shopping Center
GIebe Rood and Wilson Boulevard
Arlington, Virginia
MA. $500, Appliance Dept.
S. Konn Sons Company
Eighth and D Streets, NV.
DI. 7-72OO
oIso:
34Ol North Foirfox Drive
Arlington, Virginia
DI. 7-72O0
Keeeon's Appliances
4584 Macarthur Boulevard, NV.
FE. $1,000
SIotteY's Rodio 6 TV Compony
43O9 Wisconsin Avenue, NV.
KE. 7-l5O0
also:
3O2l NoyIor Rood Sc.
LU. 2-l6l7
also:
o4O9 Arlington Boulevard
Falls Church, Virginia
JE. 4-89OO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-20

20D-leeds Air Cruiser Ensemble in Scotch
Tartan rayon plaids - Perth, Glencoe or
Stuart. Rigid Frame Bass. l-piece plywood
frame, 3-ply bent veneer. Men's-holds
suits - a." - 1926: Ladies' - holds 10
dresses-54"-2I.es:l isht-zip coses: 500
lighter for 3312qo more packing space.
Weekender 2l"-lI.9s: Jr. Pullman a.
l3.e5: Pullman 26"-I5.9S.. Cosmopolitan
Swog Bog 1885,. l8"-1o.9S'
PLUS 1919 Fed. Exc. Tax.