davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01
Retardation, English Seen
AS Major Study Targets

ment Of Indians in certain public
elementary schools in New Next
CO. A parallel purpose was to es-
tablish the relationship between
the Indians cultural beliefs and
his acquisition Of basic science
concepts.
Are Indian children in the pub
lie elementary schools of New
Mexico retarded in their acquis-
ition of basic science concepts?
Is this retardation directly re-
lated to cultural beliefs and read
ing ability?
The Indian child brings with him
a background of experience be-
liefs and values different from
those of the average Anglo child.
He is likely to accept LITERAL
I.Y his religion and mythology.
For the teacher of elementary
science, such factors are of vi
tai Importance. A major reason
for studying science is to help
boys and girls come to know
some science concentrations that
they can use in solving problems
in their environment. Accomplish
ing this turns out to be somewhat
less than easy when many OF our
scientific facts are in direct con-
flict with ones cultural beliefs.
If good teaching is to occur. the
teacher must be aware of the
differences that exist, try to un-
derstand them, and then work
from there.
The third part of this report
will discuss other kinds of re-
search needed to improve the edu-
cation of Indian children.
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01
Monument

into sharp focus that if the Indian
entire Navajo nation and brought
thing had to be done to insure its
protection.
Trained rangers were sent to
patrol the area. They assisted WIS.,
itors. They also projected the ex-
hibit feature spots. The Navajos
were happy to share the valley
with others but they didn't want
it to be taken away, bit by bit.
The park, dedicated in May, con-
tain $4,000 fenced acres which
encompass the monuments and
cliff dwellings. Four mmles Of &C.
cess road, costing 100000. lead to
an observatory which cost $780,
600. About third of the valley is
in Utah, the remainder in Arizona.
The observatory is about in the
center of the valley and was built
of native rock by Navajo work
men The lounge is glassed-in, and
the observatory has living quar-
tiers for the four rangers. Their
les a large arts and crafts room
and an outdoor observation plat
form.
Fourteen miles of trails in the
valley have been widened and
improved. Visitors are warned to
stay OF. tn eroad. Sand is treach-
erous for those who get off.
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01

pre-first grades. This was design
ed as a planned sequence of learn
ing experiences that would supple
ment, enrich, and expand the pre-.
sent program. The program be-
came one of an enriched kinder
garten experience with definite
teaching of English language in
addition.
The purpose was to build as
big an understanding vocabulary
in the young child before reading
as possible. A maximum word list
OF 2,O58 words instead of a mini
mum one provided challenge for
both the bright child and for the
one who already knew some En-
glish. Much emphasis has been
given to the fact that the num-
Der of words taught is not nearly
as significant as developing under
standing of meanings Of the
words. Also, it has been empha-
sized that for the same word there
may be built many different con-
cepts. Fer example, the Seventh
bottle has a CAP just the same
as a boy wears a CAP. The child
needs both meanings.
Three-dimension objects, flat
pictures, filmstrips, use of the
tape recorder, fingerplays, nursery
rhymes, and poems all enrich
language teaching.
A second study was concerned
with teaching arithmetic in third
grade classes. The purposes were
to develop understanding of the
number system and to know arith
metic processes work as they do
In third study, some 300 fifth
graders were given the Gates
Reading Survey test in September
Their median achievement score
was about 80, or two years be
low their grade placement. Spec
ial effort was directed with the
teachers toward kinds of exer
cises to improve English vocabul
ary and to give much reading ex
perience on easy levels so tn
children would be successful il
their work.
The purpose of final stud.
was to measure science achieve
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01
RESEARCH STUDIES IN
SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT

One objective of the study was
to see how well our methods of
teaching were achieving the
schools goals - and to look for
new methods that would do a bet
ter job of meeting the problems
of educational retardation and i'm
proving English.
After the review OF cultural
differences was completed, an at
tempt was made to find out whet-
her teachers were aware of these
differences. Ulibarri asked 100
classroom teachers in public
schools to rate Indian, Spanish
American and Anglo children on
twenty different questions about
how well, in the teachers opin-
ions, the modern school was ad-
apted to their respective cultural
needs. The types of items eval-
uated included:
Cd Meeting psychological needs
of children.
~ Emphasis on competition. :
as a value.
go Time orientation.
"a Scientific explanation of ma
tural phenomena.
50 Attitudes toward economic
efficiency.
(6) Experiences of children
rooted in their specific background
OF experience.
Cd Attitudes toward education
and the school curriculum.
90 Range of abilities within the
class.
(N Differences in intelligence
in ethnic groups.
OF course, in such study, no
individual teachers were identi-
fled but Ulibarri found that, gen.
orally speaking. teachers were not
sensitive to the extent of differ
ences in children with widely diff
ferent sOciocultural backgrounds
That study shows that there are
several areas to be investigated
with respect to teacher-pupil ano
pupil-pupil relationships.
In August, 1853. three specific
areas in method of teaching were
selected. Selection of these prob
lens was based upon fairly ex
tensive testing program during
the winter Of 1958-l959. A seriou:
problem of educational retarda
ton was shown in all test find
ings.
Partly TO focus our emphasi:
ON prevention rather than cOrrec
dos. tie first stady vas to "pAsh
& .as.ess EssefE1iala Il "a
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01

Unit Aids

The all Indian Cowboys ASSOC
iation was organized in the Spring
OF 1858 with the objective of inn
proving on the conduct of rodeo's
on the Navajo Reservation and to
give recognition to top Indian
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01

Tony A. Becenti Ribbon Tying
Monte Becenti Saddle Bronc riding
Bucky Salway Bareback Riding
Wilfred Hubbard Steer-Bull Riding
Willie JOdy Steer Wrestling
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01

Part II of Three Parts - DR..
M. V. Zintz, Professor, Elemen-
tary Education University of New
Mexico.
Navajo times. [volume] (Window Rock, Ariz.) 1960-1984, 1960-09-01

Cowboys, under the leadership
OF its President, (Mr. Roy Spen-
Ger, a we'll known Rodeo Announ-
Ger.
The Organization requires its
members to pay membership
fee of $500 annually. Many In
dian Cowboys and rodeo sponsors
in various Indian communities
find the Association very helpful.
Approximately 20 rOdeos are
conducted On the Navajo Reser-
walton alone for one season. The
rodeos Usually start the first
part Of May and continue until
the Shiprock Northern Navajo
Fair is over, which usually takes
place the latter part of Septem-
Der.
In the future the association
hopes to sponsor an Indian Cham
pionship Rodeo at Window Rock,
Arizona or wherever feasible.
The Officers and Directors of
various events are: Keith Boyd,
calf roping; Ben Lynch, team rop.
ing; George Little, bronc riding;
Paul Arviso, bull riding; Edison
Becenti, bull logging.
President, Roy Spencer; vice
president, Leo Denetsone; secre-
tary and treasurer, Francis Bates.
The All Round Cowboy stand
ing which is based on earning Of
various rodeos on the ReServa-
ton are as follows:
DAwYNTwN ~Swr
Evening star., 1960-09-25

sufficiently so that the need
for a certain amount of in
ternational involvement is
recognized as necessity, but
to Mr.. Campaigne, summit
talks, United Nations de-
bates, are often a waste of
time. What is important, he
feels, the United States
should wage a winning cold
war. For this. Mr.. Campaigne
says, we need a powerful
armed forces, and a mill
tant diplomacy.
THE first step is squarely
to face the fact that we are
already in a war with the
Communists. This is a
fact which they were always
aware of, even when we were
not; and all their actions
are based on it. For us not to
understand it has been sheer
folly. We should put the
Soviet Union on the defen-
sive with clear notice that
we intend to win the cold
war, and that at the same
time we have the military
power to prevent a hot war"
Mr.. Campaigne states that
American estimates of So
Wet economic and military
strength are usually exag-
Evening star., 1960-09-25
U. 5. Misconceptions
Of Soviet Strenqth

AMERICAN MIGHT AND
SOVIET MYTH. BY Jane
son Campaigne. (Henry
Regnery Co.; $3.95D
What bothers Jameson G.
Campaigne, the editor of the
Indianapolis Star, is not the
actual strength of the Soviet
Union, but what he believes
are American misconceptions
Of this strength. This mis-
conception he says sis the
greatest asset the Commu-
nistS have at present." be-
cause it has led the United
States into a foreign aid pro-
gram that the author be-
lieves has failed, and into
support for the United Ma
tionS that he says is power
less against Communist ad-
vance"
Mr.. Campaigne is a very
lucid writer. and he is good
representative of American
conservative opinion. He does
not put much faith in Ameri-
cas- reliance on other coun-
tries support. and to a GER
tain extent, Mr.. Campaigne
is a 1960-version of the
America firsters of the
1930s. Times have changed
Evening star., 1960-09-25
ART ENCYCLOPEDIA
BEING PUBLISHED
IN UNITED STATES

Volume II of the famous
Encyclopedia of World
Art" (McGraW Hill has
arrived in the United States
and will be published next
Wednesday. The volume
will appear simultaneously
in London and Toronto.
The work, which the Sat-
urday Review has called
"a monument to mans
visual imagination" COM
priSeS Is volumes to be
issued at intervals of three
or four a year. These will
contain 1000 pages of il
Illustrative plates, of which
l.400 pages are to be in
color. The text, prepared
by several hundred experts,
represented by some As
nations, will run to more
than 9 million words.
Volume III of this mas
sive work, which is jointly
sponsored by McGraw-Hill
and the Institute for Cul-
tural Collaboration of
Rome, is now being printed
with publication scheduled
for December,
Evening star., 1960-09-25

ries an implied warning. In
West Samoa, the author
hiked to the forlorn and ill
kept tomb of Robert Louis
Stevenson. The islands high
commissioner lives in the
Stevenson home on a gor-
geous site overlooking the
Pacific. But the only remain
link to RLS is a very old and
tattooed native who recalls
that Stevenson smoked ex-
cellent cigars.
Tahiti is still incredibly
beautiful. and inevitably a
visitor thinks of trying to
emulate Paul Gauguin who
fled Paris for this island par
adise. But there are draw
backs. Papeete is a grubby
town, sadly needing a clean
up. The island girls. Gau-
gums paintings to the con-
trary, are fully clothed and
not especially pretty. Nor do
they waste time pining for a
departed lover. Another one
always comes along.
JOSEPH O'KEEFE.
Evening star., 1960-09-25
This Biography Reveals
A | empestuous Sumner

ate language were not his
forte; there was in him all
the Puritanical intolerance
Of his New England heritage,
untempered by the gentle
philosophy of his contempo-
raries such as Emerson,
Charming, or Longfellow. Yet
he was a careful politician
with an eye to the hustings,
and he took pains as a young
man to cultivate the good
will of great men like Su-
preme Court Justice Joseph
Story, whose patronage un-
doubtedly made Sumner the
man he became in national
affairs.
The significance of the at
tack on Sumner on the Sen
ate floor by South Carolina S
r. eprese enta tive Preston
Brooks in 1856 is placed in
the important perspective it
deserves-"the first blow of
the Civil War" The war
years. and the Sumner-de-
signed Reconstruction Of Sc
verify which followed, are
painstakingly portrayed in
infinite detail. Yet the man
Charles Sumner remains al
ways the very human, some
times endearing personality
throughout. against the vivid
background of crisis, war,
and rebirth of a sundereG
Nation.
FRED THEROUX.
Evening star., 1960-09-25
Only Gen. de GouIIe
Could Make 1t Work

languiSh from inability to
capture his interest"
Where De Gaulle succeeds,
the Fifth Republic succeeds.
But most of the book tells
where he has not yet sue
ceeded-or has failed. He has
half = killed parliamentary
democracy by making it be-
side the point in France. He
has virtually insured that his
successor will be a dictator
of the right or the left. He
has maneuvered about the
Algerian problem but has not
overcome the active veto
power of the army.
Mr.. Williams and Mr.. Har-
rison, two British scholars,
are not themselves pessi-
mistic, but this reader could
only conclude that De Gaulle
has postponed disaster for
France, not averted it.
RICHARD FRYKLUND.
Evening star., 1960-09-25
CHARLES SUMNER AND
THE COMING OF THE

CHARLES SUMNER AND
THE COMING OF THE
CIVIL WAR. BY David
Donald. (Alfred A. Knopf,
$6.750
A MissisSippian with a
Yankee grandfather First
Vermont Cavalry ought to
be reasonably we'll qualified
to produce a definitive biog-
raphy of the tempestuous
C h aries Sumner, firebrand
Senator from Massachusetts
in the tense years before Sc
cesSion and Civil War.
Mr.. Donald's scholarly and
very readable work does not
disappoint. Plainly an admir-
er of the contradictory, ia
natical egotist he portrays,
the author nevertheless has
successfully avoided letting
his sympathies color his
analysis. Senator Sumne er
emerges from the dusty files
of tons of original material
as a curious, often unpredict-
able. but always dedicated
crusader whose single-mind-
ed zeal for the causes he
espoused combined the blind
prejudiceS of the bigot with
the humaneness of the Senti-
mentaliSt.
Courage Sumner clearly po-
Sessed in large quantities,
and daring to back it up.
But moderation and temper
Evening star., 1960-09-25
Claude Monet, the Artist
And His Luminous PAINTINGS

own work that he suffered
inconceivable poverty. He saw
his family actually in need
of food. 1t was not a ques-
ton Of starving romantically
in a garret. 1t was a matter
of an artist who refused to
be DETECTED from his mission
by any consideration what
soever. In the end he tri-
umphed and he lived to enjoy
it unlike many artists whom
Fate vindicates but only after
they are dead.
1t may be that there is no
way to communicate in words
whatSgoes on in the mind of
so articulate yet so inscrut-
able a genius. In any event,
Mr.. Weekes hasn't got very
deep into Monet'S character.
He hasn't even made the most
of all his opportunities. For
instance: He mentions the
fact that at one time Monet
has to "jettison" more than
200 paintings. Sitting them
with a knife. He adds that in
a few years they were equiva-
lent to pure gold. I'd like to
hear how they were re-
claimed.
But what is more lament
able still is the complete
absence Of illustrations. How
can you justify a book about
a painter without a picture
in it?
EDWIN TRIBBLE.
Evening star., 1960-09-25

SS.0U) is something 10 make
us Yankees preen ourselves,
for a change, beaten down as
we are, not only by visiting
but resident critics of our
conformity, frivolity and gen.
eral desire to get ahead.
Mr.. Green has tasted
American life as a visiting
teacher in Ann Arbor, Mich,
and found it so good that he
has become an expatriate,
thus reversing the. traffic in
the opposite direction so So
norouSly begun by Henry
James and T. S. Eliot.
Because of his youth and
his background working
class, alas), Mr.. Green may
be written off in what was
once home. Americans, while
soothed by his generous praise
chow lovely to hear of "the
physical splendor and opu-
lence Of the country both in
purely natural and human
forms'D. may find his self
conscious attitudes and rath-
er intricate musings on his
own achievements a little
hard, to take.
Favorable Comparisons
But this is quibbling. One
can forgive Mr.. Green for
contemplating his own prose
and remarking of it that it
is "amusingly wobbly and
spirited" in light of his
wholly favorable comparisons
between life in the tight
little isle and life in Ameri-
ca.
If his generalities are
sometimes a trifle porten-
tous, his specific examples
are provocative and pene-
trating. He likes Marian
Brando better than John
Gielgud. He likes our "gush-
ing vitality" better than the
"governessy refinement" Of
the old country. And he likes
j. D. Salinger better than
practically anybody, and
writes a superb apprecia-
ton Of that modern classic,
THE Catcher in the Rye"
He even prefers our quiz
shows. Actually, Mr.. Green
is somewhat more reward
ing in assessing what he
dislikeS about Eegland than
he is in detailing our charms.
Hear him about the estab-
lishment: I'm its emphasis
on elegance and understate-
ment. lightnesS of touch, it
makes everything less vivid.
less valuable for us. :" Or:
"All England seems to speak
with one too recognizable
voice, and it is essentially a
dead voice"
Mr.. Green proposes to re-
place these gentlemen" the
source of whose energy is "a
cold joy in the defeat of hu-
manity in themselves and in
others" with the decent
man." whom he calls the "es-
sential EngliShman."
In the way of foreign policy
MIR. Green is a bold young
mamie suggests his native
land accept partial retire
ment and dependence" and
benefit from a new and un-
grudging relationship with
the United States.
His literary criticism is not
Evening star., 1960-09-25
THE INVINCIBLE MONET.

THE INVINCIBLE MONET.
By C. P. Weekes. (Apple-
ton = Century Croft, Inc;
$4.50D
Claude Monet's latest BIZ
ographer refers to him as the
author Of "the most striking
revolution in painting for
centuries" This is certainly a
questionable statement. The
French impressionist was an
ticipated by , Velasquez who
painted by tones in the
18th century and both Con-
stable and Turner painted
the fleeting moment rather
than the static.
But what is hard for us to
understand is how Monet's
luminous canvases could have
aroused such hostility in their
day. Critics wrote about them
in exactly the same manner
critics are writing about
jackson Pollack or Grace
Hartigan or Mark Rothko
today. Now, of course, Mo-
nets paintings are among the
most highly priced of all.
The man himself wasn't
very interesting. He had
little charm of looks or
manner no eloquence of
speech" He was rather, a
dedicated and persuasive
man Che kept his friend Re-
noir from abandoning paint
lng). He was so sure of his
Evening star., 1960-09-25
Government Spending Due
To Take q Forward Leap

Regardless of which politi-
cal party wins the elections,
Government spending will
increase substantially, says
David Demarest Lloyd in
SPEND. AND SURVIVE
(Bobbs- Merrill; $3.95). BY
1870, this White House ad-
ministrative assistant in the
Truman administration, pre-
diets expenditures of local,
State and national govern
ments will have increased so
per cent-from the present
$145 billion a year to $225.6
billion.
For those who may find
his prognostigation alarming,
Mr.. Lloyd offers the reassur-
ing claim that the accelerated
spending can be done with
out increased income tax
rateS-if our total national
output is expanded by 4 to S
per cent a year during the
next decade; i.e., from $500
billion to $3.50 billion.
What will the increased
spending accomplish? Mr..
Lloyd suggests that, by 1870,
the Federal Government
should be putting $67.5 bill
lion a year into defense,
atomic energy and foreign
aid, instead of the present
$48 billion. 1t also should be
contributing to the States
budgets to the tune of So
billion for education, $13.75
billion for hospitals, housing.
urban renewal, sanitation and
antipollution. These expendi-
lures, with others for social
insurance, relief and public
assistance, veterans pro-
grams. transportation, natu-
raj resources. farm programs,
ETC., are, Mr.. Lloyd insists,
the price Of survival.
1T is absurd" he says, ito
say that a country like ours,
with a rising population, a
rising rate of productivity,
ample resources and stable
institutions cannot provide
Evening star., 1960-09-25
Historic Fighting Man
Hero of New Novel

copying from the Shepherds
brilliant empire of 500 BIC.
Oddly, Cyrus declined to
trust his fortunes to naval
vessels, precluding a logical
spread of his empire over
other lands fronting the Med
iterranean, but he kept up a
lively interest in the sea lands
and his generosity restored
the Temple at Jerusalem
after the captivity.
When a successor of Cyrus
did subdue the Nile and probe
Greece, rule of the Persian
homelands slipped from his
grasp and he found himself
supplanted. The Phoenicans
subject to Persia actually sab
otaged an effort to master
Carthage because of their
blood ties. H. A. LYON.
Evening star., 1960-09-25
LeisureIy Journey
Find Adventure
A QUOTA OF SEAWEED.

BY Hamilton BaSSo. tDou-
bleday & Co., Inc; $685.
More people are travelling
further and faster today than
ever before, and the jungle
is giving way to the jet air.
strip and the luxury hotel.
But Hamilton BaSSo travels,
sometimes by slow and dirty
freighter. to remote places
where he collects stories and
impressions that are apt to
escape a less discerning OBJ
server.
In Brazil, for instance, he
heard a faint echo of the
Civil War in the voice of a
native Brazilian who spoke
with a Georgia accent. The
speaker was a grandson Of
Confederates who left their
homes after Appomattox to
establish colonies in South
America.
Well Known Novelist
Mr.. Basso is most familiar
as a novelist. Much of "A
Quota of Seaweed" has ap-
peared in magazines, but the
material has been expanded
for book publication.
Some steep climbing
through the mountains of
Jamaica brought the author
to the settlement-or SOW
ereign State-of the Accom-
pongs, who are guaranteed
independence by treaty
with the British. The Ac-
compongs don't mingle with
other Jamaicans. practice
witchcraft, pay no taxes and
operate their own schools.
And they insist their children
are the best educated on the
island.
Remembers Stevenson
For the bored intellectual
who wants to chuck it all and
go primitive; this book car
Evening star., 1960-09-25
GundhiCites
The Causes
OfWurfure
GANDHI ON WORLD AF

w OASA6A& IA
FAIRS. BY Paul E. Pow
erS. Public Affairs Press;
$3.25.)
1t is interesting to reflect,
in going over Gandhi's views
on various subjects. that as
causes of war or threats to
peace" the leader of India's
surge toward independence,
named imperialism, COM
munism and fascism."
Gandhi's celebrated civil
disobedience movement was
called "satyagrapha." The
vital activity of satyagrapha
was a search for justice to
which the ethic of nonvio-
lence was united. THE first
condition Of nonviolence,"
Ganohl SAID, is justice all
around in every department
of life"
The author of this study,
who spent much time in In
dia when it was emerging
from colonialism to inde-
pendence. teaches political
science at st. Michaels Col
lege. &C. B. ].