davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-01-08
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

new kind. is based on expert
ment.
We must experiment, to
find out what is what, as DR..
Jones says.
These experiments are what
are known classically as
empirical.
You try a thing; if it seems
to work, you call it good, and
recommend it to all your
friends.
Hhis is rather Stunned in
the best circles, as a way Of
scientific faith, but Jones
says that if his cold symp-
toms, for instance. are les
sened, he thinks he ought to
stick to the remedy used.
+
Therefore, and further
more, Jones says. the ingre-
dent in the amulet is impor-
tant. but not all-important
The amulet is the thing.
If you think it helps, it
helps.
Here one rests trium-
phantly. Big books have
been written on the theme.
The amulet reposes Snugly
in the pocket. The shirt
pocket is best. This means
that the bottle must be small,
as short as possible and un-
breakable.
Temp Jones had one en-
barrasSing experience with a
glass amulet.
He stopped over in an ele-
vator to pick up a pencil
and out popped his precious
little bottle.
One capsule rolled to the
right, one to the left, but
Jones ignored them both.
The modern magic had
ended for the day.
Evening star., 1960-01-08
u. S. PIonnino

Constantine Brown. in dis
cussing the "lead-time" lag
in our weapons program, ad-
vocates as a matter of prime
concern a "fool-proof degree
OF coordination" so that the
services %. would not be
competing with each other
on the same projects. ="
Multi-pronged approaches
to the solution of difficult
research and development
problems, yes. competing
approaches, are not only
frequently justified but are
ofttimes essential in order to
compress lead time. Stagna-
ton and lack Of progress
may well be the price Of a
"fool-proof degree Of CO.
ordination" to avoid compe-
tition. We can spend so
much time. effort and man.
power on coordination that
little energy is left for the
creative tasks. Let us err on
the side Of creating too many
ideas rather than strait
Jacketing our thinking for
the sake of administrative
excellence and a mistaken
belief that it is economical
to adhere to what is now
an outmoded and backward
theory-namely: we must
not duplicate effort. Why
not duplicate, If it acceler-
ates the availability of re-
quired items and when it
can be done within a total
dollar and manpower expend-
iture that is not excessive?
In its total cost to the tax
payer and to the Nation, in
dollars, manpower and en-
ergy, it might we'll be advan-
tageous, in many instances
talthOugh, of course, not alb
to award a number of re-
search and development con-
tracts to a variety of organi-
cations to pursue a number
Of possible approaches, with
the understanding that the
truly outstanding contributor
would be handsomely re-
warded, but those who we're
unproductive would be COM
pensated at a minimum land
a d dmitted dly unattractive)
rate.
CHARLES ~ Cardnar
Evening star., 1960-01-08
Olive Branch Mess1oe

The Presidents message on the state
Of the Union was delivered to a Demo-
cratic Congress that will be itching to
get out Of Washington six months from
now. 1t came from a Republican Presi-
dent who is embarking on his last year
In Office. Consequently, and not sur
priSingly, it neither rings alarm bells
nor sounds trumpet call for new poll
tical adventures. On the contrary it is,
In essence, a message which cautions
against boat-rocking tactics and extends
an olive branch to the political oppo-
sition.
Some people, of course, will be un-
happy. But the line which Mr.. EiSen-
hover has taken, it seems to us,
comportS with political realism. For this
Congress, with the national conventions
coming up in July, will not have time
or inclination to tackle major political
issues that are controversial in nature.
Something may be done on such things
as the farm problem, civil rights and aid
to education, But even So any legiSla-
ton in these areas is apt to be in the
nature of a holding operation. Any
serious attempt to tackle these and SIM
liar problems will await the appearance
on the scene year hence of a new
Congress and a new administration.
Those to whom this will be diSappoint-
Ing will simply have to make the best
Of it. If the President is correct in say
ing that 1860 promises to be the most
prosperous year in our history, and If
the S4.2 billion budget surplus which he
enviSions actually materializeS, popular
discomfort with the prospective congress
sional performance will be neither deep
nor widespread.
Rather than in domestic matters,
the real significance of 1860 will lie in
the international scales. If they should
tilt toward some genuine and Substan-
tial improvement in East-West relations,
and the possibility appears to be at
hand, such an accomplishment will
dwarf all other considerations. And
rightly so.
This, we suppose, is why the PreSi-
dent expressed his deep concern" in
the next twelve months with our Joint
compassionate duty to our own
and to other nations" This is why he
spoke of his gratefulneSs that in both
personal and official relationships" a
Republican administration and Demo-
cratic Congress have weathered the
storms of the past five years" And this
also is why he pledged to dedicate him.
self in the coming year to "a close and
constructive association with the Con-
gress."
For our part, we have no doubt that
the Congress will reciprocate. There
will, of course, be partisan speeches on
both sides of the aisle in response to an
urge to make what will appear to be a
record With national election coming
up, this is inevitable. But we do not
believe that partisanship will be car
ried to an extreme which would preju-
dice our position in the world. There
are two reasons for this. One is that, in
the final analysis it would be bad poll
tics. The other is that the responsible
men who, fortunately, are in control,
know that it simply cannot be permitted
to happen There is too much at stake;
too much which touches intimately upon
our national destiny.
Evening star., 1960-01-08
Life in Iron Horse

IN 1909 the Federal Gov
ernment alone spent 81 bill
lion for the benefit of
transportation other than
railroads. At the same time
the latter accomplished, en-
tirely unaided, many projects
including the following:
/. Southern Pacific COM
pleted solid fill across Salt
Lake.
2. Santa Fe began extern
sive line relocations in Ari-
zona.
3. A new railroad was built
from Corinth to Counce in
the deep South.
4. A number of new elec-
tronic freight classification
yards were built throughout
the Nation.
This is a remarkable record
for a private industry work.
ing under the double handi-
cap of featherbedding and
the most fantastic accumula-
ton Of discriminatory regu-
lation and taxation ever de-
vised.
BY the peculiar automo-
tive standards of modernity,
railroads are generally pro-
nounced obsolete. Box cars
have failed to sprout tail fms.
Everyone wonders why the
iron horse does not lie down
to die.
The railroad industry de-
veloped like the proverbial
strong man who was instruct
ed to lift a young calf in or
der to gain strength to lift
the full-groWn bull. The rail-
road burden, however, grew
far beyond bull-sized matur-
ity into a huge mountain Of
political overhead.
This mountain effectively
denies to the shipper and
traveller the inherent econ
omy Of rail transport. In fuel
saving it outperforms high
way transport 3l2 to l and in
effective use of manpower 6
to /. In the event of an
other international emer-
gency, Government coddling
of auxiliary transport at the
expense of our railroads could
spell national disaster.
X. Fritz Schumacher.
Evening star., 1960-01-08

In the ancient Egyptian
days, amulets we're worn to
ward of evils, notably dis
eases.
Today there is a tribe of
men, some of them very in
telligent, who still wear ANU
lets, only these are a scien-
tific kind.
They are small vials of cold
tablets.
These tablets contain four
or five ingredients, including
an antihistamine, found to
be helpful in assuaglng the
symptoms of colds.
There is a hidden lngre-
dent, too.
This is faith.
-
Faith is what an amulet is
for. Faith is mighty, it will
move mountains, as has been
said, and it is the true tran
quilizer.
The person who carries
such a modern toy in his
pocket finds that the sooth-
ing effect is continuous
He doesn't even have to
hold a tablet, or pill, or cap
sule, between two fingers. In
the old days of herbal medi-
cineS, one woman found that
merely by holding a tablet
she felt better!
The modern amulet carrier
does better. He doesn't even
take the thing out of his poe
ket. 1t works in secret ways
to keep him free from colds.
Let those laugh who will.
People are always laughing
at something. and often at
things they know little about.
The soothing powers of
honest belief in something or
other may be known to them
in some ways, but not in this
particular way.
All they have to do to
broaden their mental horizon
is to find themselves a small
container of some sort and
then stock it with the proper
medicine.
Honeycomb and apple cider
vinegar are rather messy to
carry around. These in COM
bination make up the latest
fad. and Temp Jones says he
will have none of it.
He prefers an amulet.
y y
Jones has Shelfful of these,
some in glass, others plastic.
To the unsympathetic they
would seem to be nothing but
druggists pill bottles.
Some have contained vari-
Gus medicines. The best
pharmacists put the label
inside. curled up around the
container.
When the prescription is
used up, the label comes out,
and there is the amulet
The soul of the amulet, of
course, is medicine.
This gives the thing its
power.
Here we have a basis Of
modern scientific faith in
action.
All faith. especially the
Evening star., 1960-01-08
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
Penguin, Mysterious Woys Studied
By THOMAS R. HENRI

a distance of about 8 feet.
There is really no other
way to describe the way a
penguin comes out of the
water-it dives into the air.
The bird landed on its feet
and looked at the curious fig
ures of humans who crowded
around. Then it shufied to-
ward the commander and SOL
EMMY bowed. 1t repeated the
procedure for most of the
men on the deck. The for
mality concluded, the bird
shuff1ed to a sheltered spot
on the deck and remained
there, voiceless and notion
less, for two days. Then,
apparently having got where
it wanted to go, it dived into
the water again.
The Adele mates, breeds
and matches its eggs in mid
summer. BY about mid-Jan-
uary the chicks start to
emerge from the eggs. Court
ship and mating is a quite
complex procedure. First to
arrive at the rookery, some
time in late October, are the
females, specifically indis-
tinguishable from the males.
Then come the suitors who
begin to court the hens Of
their choice.
1t is a strictly utilitarian
courtship and consists of
gathering and fetching stones
to build a nest on the ice.
This is tiring labor. The av-
erage male requires from one
to five minutes to gather a
single pebble, depending on
the distance he must travel
and the difficulty he expert
ences pushing his way
through the closely packed
females, each standing guard
over the pile she has ac-
cumulated.
Have Own Code
Once the homes are con-
structed the breeding season
starts. In connection with
the courtship and nest build
ing activities, crime and
punishment make their first
appearance in penguindom's
utopian anarchy. Some birds
resort to stealing stones
piled up close at hand by
some more ambitious citizen
of the rookery. Apparently
prohibition of stone stealing
is the penguin'S first COM
mandment. Once a trans
gressor is caught punishment
is swift and certain. He is
set upon by the entire COM
munity. males and females,
and probably would be beaten
to death, except that almost
no amount of beating can
kill a penguin. There is no
evidence that the offender
is permanently ostracized
from the rookery after he has
paid his debt to society.
Almost countless are the
fascinating ways of life of the
birds which DR.. Penny will
study-creatures who inde-
pendently have built up a
unique and efficient society
in the most desolate part Of
the world.
Evening star., 1960-01-08

fuel missile which can be buried in the
ground and fired on moments notice.
If we had several hundred of these, and
If they could hit within two miles of a
target 5000 miles away, there would be
little reason to fear a surprise attack.
But the perfected Minuteman is several
years away.
Evening star., 1960-01-08
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtton.
Evening star., 1960-01-08
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. by
mail. to any question Of fact BY
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau 635 F street NV Washington
4 D c Please inclose return postage
or self-addressed stamped envelope
Evening star., 1960-01-08

Strange ways of life of the
Adele penguin, most familiar
of higher orders Of life on
the shores of the Antarctic
Continent will be studied as
a major project Of the United
States South Polar program
this year.
1t may throw light on pos
BILE ways of life of inhabi-
tants of other planets, if
there are any. Since the
Adele, well-known to all who
have visited the frozen
coasts, is peculiarly we'll
adapted to its vigorous en-
vironment and apparently is
a product of ancient and
stabilized evolution it is con-
sidered an ideal subject for
such studies.
The Adelies were discov-
cred in 1910 by the French
explorer Dumont DUrville,
who named them after his
wife.
OF special interest to
United States scientists is the
navigational orientation of
the birds. It has been known
for some time that they re-
turn each year to the same
breeding and nesting sites.
DR.. Richard L. Penny of the
University of Wisconsin will
try to find out whether the
birds orient themselves by
random searching for famil-
lar landmarks, whether they
utilize an instructive sun
compass. or biological clock"
to maintain a special direc-
ton, or whether there are
other methods by which they
find their way.
Flippers Marked
To carry out controlled ex-
periments on the penguins
DR.. Penny uses markings
such as paint or bands on
flippers to permit identifica-
ton of individuals and pairs
OF parents in a large penguin
rookery near which his sta
ton will be situated. Thus
he will be able to study par
entail recognition of offspring,
feeding habits, and the time
each adult spends on the
nest. Other studies will util-
ize chicks which have been
removed from the nest, to
see which chicks a returning
parent will feed.
The Adele, sometimes
alone and sometimes in
groups Of four or five, is en-
countered soon after a ship
enters the Ross Sea ice pack.
There apparently is no deli
cate balance on which its
survival depends. 1t is lively,
mischievous. playful and
most striking characteristic
of all-very curious.
A few years ago the first
United States submarine to
enter the ice foe had a curl
Gus experience when its deck
was just above the level Of
the ices Suddenly there was
a dull thud. An Adele had
"dived" upward over the side,
Evening star., 1960-01-08
Arob-IsroeI Dispute

Mildred Mugridge.
Evening star., 1960-01-08
A Man Who

T. CrandalI Afford, NJ. d.
Evening star., 1960-11-01

for closer relations with the
Vatican. Queen Elizabeth II.
who is temporal head Of the
Church Of England, Is planning
to call on the Pope next May
during q state visit to Italy.
Queen Mother Elizabeth and
Princess Margaret have already
visited him, and Princess Mar
garet was received by Pope
Plus XII.
"A Holy Summit"
Leaders Of the British Pres
byterian. Congregationalist and
Baptist Churches welcomed DR.
Fishers plan to meet Pope
John. Initial British press COM
ment also was favorable. with
the Daily Sketch headlining "a
holy summit" and the Daily
Herald calling the meeting .
Vatican summit"
The Daily Express said the
meeting would SHOW the worlc
that ancient hatreds are for.
gotten. and that leaders Of tive
of the largest Christian bodie,
can discuss problems frankly
and without bitterness"
The Daily Telegraph com
mented that the visit mark
IAN awareness in both com
Evening star., 1960-11-01
Air Force Gets
Sl55 Million
TO Push BIO
By the Associated Press

The Eisenhower adrninistra.
ton has released $155 million
for development Of the BIO
supersonic strategic bomber.
The Defense Department re-
leased the funds to the Air
Force yesterday, leaving un-
used only $40 million Of the
money Congress had voted for
the program over administra-
ton objections.
The move was interpreted to
mean that the Defense Depart
ment has virtually accepted the
decision Of Congress to push
production Of the big bomber,
The $155 million may pay for
IL BIO prototypes.
The BIO, when ready. would
be able to launch ballistic mis-
Evening star., 1960-11-01
FOUND

DOG, Scotty, male. brindle. about !
ter. Call VIII 6-693o.
GLASSES, black trimmed, lost By boz
on a motorcycle in Alex. area, Sun
ia. 5-9065.
KITTEN. gray striped, wearing tar
collar. with bellies; affectionate and
housebroken; on Beauvoir School
Playground, Woodley and 34th SITS
Call EN-. 3-3649. after 8. Owner OF
to good home.
KEYS, vic Of 18th and H SITS. NV
DE. 2-6735.
WIRE-HAlRED TERRIER type dog
followed boy home from morn. papel
route Halloween; vic. Glebe and Lee
N. Arl. IA. 2-4136.
Evening star., 1960-11-01
Man Gets 20 Doys
For Stealing Beons

A 53-year-old man accused
Of stealing . lhalfrbushel OF
string beans early Sunday was
sentenced To- 20 days in Jail
yesterday by Municipal Court
Judge De Witt 8. Hyde.
The sentence was imposed on
ozie Davis Of the 500 block oi
@ street NV, who was charged
with stealing the beans from Z
stand at the Union Termina
Farmers Market Co. at Fifth
and Neal streets NE. Davis
who elected to serve 20 days il
lieu of paying Q SIS fine, tolc
the Judge he took the bean
because he was hungry.
Evening star., 1960-11-01
New Proposal
Averts Strike
AtGreyhound

A strike threatened against
the Greyhound bus lines was
averted today through an
agreement by union officials to
present to the membership a
new company offer.
About 5000 employees In the
Washington area and elsewhere
in the Atlantic division will
vote on the proposal Novem-
ber %. In the meantime, the
company has a guarantee there
will be no work stoppage.
The company is offering q
two-year contract with a Scent
hour wage increase each year
In addition. there are improve.
ments in the health and well
fare benefit, mileage rates allf
vacations, and a continuation
of an escalator clause thai
added 4 cents an hour tt
present contracts.
This tentative agreement
was reached at Cleveland be-
tween the bus lines and Loca
1898, Amalgamated Street
Electric Railway and Moto
Coach Employees.
In Chicago Bargaining con
tinued for about 1000 othe
Greyhound employees attaches
to the Southeast, South
Central, Southwest and Grea
Plains divisions. A union ON
cial said there will be no strik
while talks continue. Grey
hound offered these workers al
agreement similar othe Cleve
land proposal.
Evening star., 1960-11-01
Col. Allen Numed
District Engineer

Col. J. q. Allen assumed COM
mand today Of the United
States Army Engineer District.
washington. with headquarters
at First and Douglas streets
NV. He succeeded Col. George
B. Sumner who has retired.
Col. Aliens office is respon-
sible for providing adequate
water supply for the District
and certain nearby areas, and
for constructing local Army
and Air Force installations.
The new commander, 46, was
born In Calumet, Mich, and
was graduated from Michigan
College Of Mining and Tech.
nology In 1885 with a degree In
civil engineering.
Until his assumption OF
command today, he was Dep
uty District Engineer here. /
Evening star., 1960-11-01
Archbishop Of Canterbury
To Visit Pope John in Rome

LONDON, Nov. ! (AP)-An
Archbishop Of Canterbury win
meet q Roman Catholic Pope
next month for the first time
since Henry VII broke with
the papacy In the 18th century
and set up the Church Of Eng
land.
Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher.
spiritual leader Of the Church
Of England, announced today
that he viii pay q "courtesy
visit to Pope John XIII ct
the Vatican during q December
la stopover on his way home
from q Middle Eastern tour.
While in the Middle East,
DR.. Fisher will meet with
prelates Of the Eastern Ortho-
dox Church In Jerusalem and
Istanbul.
Vatican sources hailed the
visit as q step toward unity
but warned against expecting
any immediate or dramatic
DEVELOPMENTS. "It Is an ex-
ample Of reciprocal good will
and q new stone on the road
to getting closer together" one
source said.
Catholics Attend Council
The Archbishop's decision
apparently stemmed from this
years conference Of the Prot
estant World Council Of
Churches In Scotland. which
two Catholic monsignori at
tended as observers. Word was
passed then that Pope John
XIII would be glad to re-
ceive Or. Fisher.
Both DR.. Fisher and Pope
John have shown keen interest
in closer church unity.
The British prelate wrote
recently in his diocesan maga-
zine that Rome's attitude to-
ward closer relations between
the various Christian churches
sis changing rapidly" and Eve
must enter into the unity OF
spirit with =. even Roman
Catholics"
The Pope has called an ecu
meEical council probably for
1962-as q step toward bring
ing the various Christian
faiths closer together.
Great Divisive Barriers
OF all the Protestant churches
whose creation ended the unity
of faith In Europe. the Church
Of England has remained closest
to Roman Catholicism in ritual
and belief. They are still divided
by such great barriers as the
Anglican refusal to recognize
the Pope as spiritual head Of
the Church and the Catholic
dogma that the Pope is in
fallible in matters Of faith and
morals.
Britain's royal family is in
the forefront Of the movement
Evening star., 1960-11-01

siles as well as other nuclear
bombs and weapons.
When the administration
submitted its budget for the
year last January. it asked only
SIS million for the BIO pro-
gram. This represented q deci-
sion by the administration to
pull back on Air Force plans
to speed production Of the high
altitude. long-range bomber. :
But the total now allocated
for the program comes, to $265
million. This includes the
funds released yesterday and
an earlier addition by the De-
tense Department.
Evening star., 1960-11-01

munions, sharpened no doubt
by the increased power Of the
anti Christian Communist phi
losophy. that disunity among
Christians is too great a scandal
to be ignored and too serious a
weakness to be left unremedied. :"
Evening star., 1960-03-20
Flag Stamp Best Design
Color Snapshot Wins
Display at Kodak

A color snapshot entered
in last years Star Snapshot
Contest by Chester A. Thom-
as. 915 Potomac avenue,
Alexandria. Va. and which
won $50 as a national prize
along with other awards,
has been chosen for en-
largement by Eastman Ko-
dak for display in the firms
new reception center at the
main Offices at Rochester.
1t will be greatly enlarged.
1t will be one Of 10 color
pictures on the theme that
"the pictures we take are the
historians of our daily lives"
Evening star., 1960-03-20
CAMERA ANGLES
Clean Darkroom Now
Before Summer Rush

Start by removing every
thing from shelves. closets
and drawers. Empty the
room completely. AS con-
tainers and boxes are re-
moved. dust them of and
wash away any dried chemi-
Gals that may have splashed
them.
With the darkroom cleared,
use a vacuum cleaner first
and get rid Of all loose dust.
. dirt, hypo crystals, ETC., ac-
cumulated on the floor and
work surfaces. This elimi-
mates most of the potential
trouble. Now give the floor
a good going-over with a mop
and hot, soapy water. This
will take care of solutions
that have dripped and dried
on the floor.
Now use a scrub brush, fol-
lowed by dry cloths. on all
work surfaces, drawers, cabi-
nets, sink, etc., the full treat
ment until all signs of dirt
and chemicals are gone.
Once all this is done and
the quarters have dried thor
oughly you can start bringing
back your supplies. Films
and papers should be packed
away in drawers or cabinets,