davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-08-23
Women Lawyers
Hit Death Penalty

MANILA. Aug. % (AP).-
Women lawyers from rs coun-
tries meeting here to human
ize the law" have come out
against capital punishment and
life Imprisonment.
They also oppose euthanasia,
or mercy killing. The penal law
committee of the International
Federation of Women Lawyers
decided that everything pos
sible should be done to prolong
each human life.
The committee voted to sub
stitute for the life term auto
matte review of each prisoners
case after seven years. Beatrice
S. BurStein of the New York
Evening star., 1960-08-23

ron, the esteemed drama critic
who died last week. had a series
of novel interviews. Marie Will
son cut short their interview,
saying she had to rush of to
see the Dodgers play. Barron
asked why the Dodgers?" Miss
Wilson paused. thought, then
said: please don't confuse me" )"
Rock Hudson, lunching at the
Four Seasons was asked by
a passer-by: Has Success
Spoiled Rock Hudson?" The
screen star nodded: Yes. I'm
spoiled - in every possible
way. I've even grown taller and
have more hair" Hudson,
whose original name was Roy
Fitzgerald, was asked if his
name-change had helped his
career. It don't think it mat
tered a bit" he shrugged. Rock
Hudson After 13 years I'm
now just getting used to it,"
Evening star., 1960-08-23

will star in Ince's production
Of The Egg" by Felicien Mar
ceau. It will be directed by
Andre BarSaq, who staged the
Paris hit. .. Steve Allen may
expand into film production.
Shirley MacLaine is in New
York for the opening Of her
husbands new Japanese show at
the Latin Quarter. She's also
celebrating the completion of
her new comedy with Dean
Martin, "All in a Nights Work. "
The synopsis of the film, in the
files at Paramount, reads: THE
story of a publisher who dies
in a motel with a smile on his
face. Shirley is suspected of
having put the smile on his
face"
LIFE STORY: Edward Ben
nett Williams, the famed
criminal lawyer, is writing his
autobiography for Atheneum
Press. This is the new pub
fishing firm whose first book,
Jan deHartOg's The Inspector, A."
is an October Book k-of-the-
Month Clubs alternate Rex
Harrison'S folk-singing son,
Noel, will make his New York
debut with Shelley Berman at
the Blue Angel September 8.
Ethel Merman's reopening in
Gypsy" had all the excite
ment OF an opening night
Even the conductor in the pit
applauded her performance
Evening star., 1960-08-23

julie Styne, composer Of the
musical, said of the star: "Mer-
man is the greatest boon a
show-writer ever could have
She stays with a show for two
years. and never gives less thar
her all at each performance.
= =
OUT ART!! When the Mod
ern Jazz Quartet gave a concert
at the Museum Of Modern Art
recently the museum agreed
to display the combo's latest
albums. To make space. they
had to take down $400,00C
worth of MOdigliani and R0u-
ault paintings .. Onna White
choreographer of Trina La
Douce," will stage the dances
for the film version of Music
Man" Marlene Dietrich
returned from her tour, re-
sumed Immediately in Dallas
Some of the minor perform
ances in the Carroll Baker
movie being filmed in New York
Something Wild" are hoping
that the lightning will strike
and make them stars. The
director Jack Garfein. set the
precedent with End as a Man,
the off-Broadway show he
staged some years ago. He hired
a theater usher, a New York
Times ad salesman and a short
order cook for roles in the show
All three became stars: Albert
SaImi, Ben Gazzara and Tony
FranciOsa.
%*
MARIE ECHO: Danny Kaye,
who recently won his pilots
license, flies his twin-engine
plane from Las Vegas to golf1ng
dates in Palm Springs and to
see his barber in Beverly Hills
John PerOna now expects
to open his new Ell Morocco on
New Years Eve Mark Bar
Evening star., 1960-08-23
THE LYONS DEN
Hoorseness Then and Now
By LEONARD LYONS

NEW YORK: When SEN
ator Jack Kennedy lost his
voice campaigning. it reminded
Russell Grouse of an incident
involving two nominees who
suffered hoarseness. Grouse, as
co-author of Life With Faith
er." accompanied the cast to
the command performance in
Washington and then to the
dinner with President ROose-
welt at the White House. FDR
said he'd heard a member of
the cast coughing, then men,
toned a sure-cure concocted
for him by DIR. Ross Mcintyre.
I'm fact, I fetl so sorry for
Wendell when he lost his voice
during his campaign" said
FDR for Willkie. Il wanted to
ask Mac to send him a bottle
of the stuff. But" he smiled,
II didn't"
i
SLEEKLESS: Ralph Bunche
has been averaging two hours
sleep each night, during the
heat and crisis in the Congo
Alfred Hitchcock'S per-
centage deal from Psyche"
will net the director
a record fee-over $5,000,000
The vene ra BILE Judge
Learned Hand. now SO years
old, is suffering from a slipped
disc. Surgery is impossible,
because of his advanced years.
+
HANDSHAKE: Tony Randall
and Alexander Ince shook
hands on their deal. at the
Colony the other day. Randall
Evening star., 1960-08-23

State Commission of Correction
told the group, There is no
punishment more cruel or in
human than life imprison-
ment."
DIR. Rosalind G. Bates of Los
Angeles, the federation'S presi-
dent emeritus, opposed abolish
ing the death penalty, but the
vote went 1873 against her.
Evening star., 1960-08-23
Students to Attend

Sixty-four students from IA
Washington area schools will
attend a Catholic Students Mis-
sion Crusade convention be-
ginning Thursday at Notre
Dame University, South Bend
Indiana.
Evening star., 1960-08-23
TEMPLE SCHOOL.

:SDA, 7235 Wise. Ave OIL. 2-l3oo
7 CORNERS, 6306 WiIliston Dr..
79i5. Temple speoioIizes in in
~ ABC Shorihond in 8 weeks,
BM keYpUneh. Isl switehboord.-
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27
Social Security,

Q; Just what will social secur- hy do for my family, if should die?
 A: If you are insured under so- cial security at the time of your death, your widow, if 62 or over, may receive monthly benefits. If you are survived by minor chill dTen or disabled child, they may receive monthly benefits. Tn this case, your widow, lregardless of her age, may also receive monthly benefits. There will also be a iump-Sum payment made to your widow or to bhe person who paid your burial expenses If you con- tributed 50@o or more to the SUD- port of parent, the parent may receive monthly benefits.
 Q have a cleaning woman who comes in just one day a week. pay her $12.00 and also provide her lunch. Should I be reporting her wages for social security?
 Al Yes. If she comes to you every week, hes cash wages over .three-month period will amount to more than $50. Any household wPrkeh who is paid $50 or more in cash wages by any one employ kar during calendar quadter of the year is covered by social se- cirity. The employer is required bJ law to file a return, reporting the amount of wages paid to the employee, and to pay the social security taxes due on those wages. TAe value of the lunch is not re- pdrted as wages.
 Qi I do housework in private homes. Could you please explain to, me when my employers shoud repcGt my earnings for social se- cudity Some of them do and Ot hers don't-so I'd like to know
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27
Science Training Offered Students

skss.fH. ff. arg -. SH'h< s.s-
 Secondary scho9l stdents throughout Alaska may apply for the Summer Science Irraindng Pro. gram at the University of Alaska according to pr. Ernest N. Patty, state University president. a''' -
 Financial aid for the students and for the program will be from a recent National Science Founda. ton grant of $11, ,040. The program, from Aug. 26, will include labora- tory, class and project work in the multiple sciences.
 Students selected must be of nor maj high school age, be in the present ninth, tenth and eleventh grades, including junior high schools ninth grades, show more than average ability; have and SUD- port an interest among mathema- tics and the several branches of sciences; and have recommends tions from their principals and teachers.
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

what theaaSiles. are. .7s -. -.s., .. "A: If you are paidat least $50 % in cash wages by-an- employer dur
 ing a calendar quarter. then your wages must be. reported for social
 security.:c.A 'fquarteaH' is a three
 month period beginning with the
 months of .sJanuary, April, July
 and October. !. Your employer does
 not have choice in this mattelr-
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

$500 child SHs drnes monthly O. benefits benefits
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

A If you are insured under social security (women age 62, men age 65), when you retire, you
 will receive monthly benefits for the rest of your life. A wife age 62 may also receive monthly bene-
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27
ARTKR RETlS?

{ have been wonderfully blessed m being able to return to active life after suffering from head to loot with muscular soreness and pain. Most all joints seemed affected. According to medical diagnosis, l had Rheumatoid ArthriiS, Rheumatism and Bur Seis. For free information write:
 MRS. LEILA S. WEIR l2S05 Arbor Hills Drive PAT t F. O. Box 2695 Jackson, Mississippi
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27
LOOK AT THE l


The '60 Chevrolet models most people buy, equipped the way most people want them, are actually priced lower than last years models. This two tone Bel Air V8 sedan, for example,
 with Turboglide, push-button radio and de luxe heater-lists for a whole S76.05 Jess! Prices are lower for all
 comparable VS models throughout the line. Also for all comparable G. cylinder models with Powerglide. Yet Chevy's loaded with more of the things that put pleasure into owning a car. (Just look at the listD It's the greatest year yet to get into Chevy! Softer, more silent ride with coil springs at all four wheels and new butyl rubber-cushioned body mounts.
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

'S WCtIC pOpWtUI cQUCIHC6fCC Economy Turbo-Fire vs. Or how to get up to 109o more miles per gallon of regular and still have lots of "git." Thriftiest 6 Tn any fuII-sIxe car. It's the '60 version of the engine that got 2238 miles per gallon in the 1859 Mobilgas Economy Run.
 Widest choice of power teams. 24 engine-transmission teams in all, with output up to 335 h.p.
 A trunk that's made for long trips with up to 22.5 % more actual luggage space. Sill's lower for easier loading. Fisher Body craftsmanship. Look at the finish, the wzvvvz.uuuuuum-r-.ww fabrics, the detail sa - work. You'll see ,s.,,.. Im.'"on11 ,zM M the difference. E1zEa2zzzszEzz1zsAa
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

Big brakes for quicker, surer stops. Rivetless bonded Things mean they last longer, too.
 More room to relax In. Chevy sedans offer roomier seating than any car in their class. Lower, narrower trans mission tunnel means more foot room. Only full wraparound windshield among the leading low-priced cars. Electric windshield wipers keep sweep ing even when you speed up to pass. Vent windows crank open and closed So much simpler than fighting those tricky little catches.
 keyiess locking of all doors. Quick and easy. The same key opens door, glovebox. trunk and starts the car.
Kodiak mirror., 1960-02-27

the finish, the fabrics, the detail work. You'll see the difference.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1960-08-18
WHO CAN DO IT?
WHO CAN DO IT?
Hilltop Restaurant One Of
ChardonS Newest Businesses

He worked at motor repair
in the army and naturally
gravitated to a job driving
truck in civilian life. Hauling
on construction projects he
became interested and went
into construction work.
The restaurant is open
from six in the morning until
ten o'clock at night every day
except Saturday and Sunday
when they close at eight O,
clock.
The soup, Chill and pie are
homemade. There is always
a special meal at 85 to 95
cents. The most expensive
complete dinner is less than
So.
Mr.. Browns family moved
out to the Chardon area
where he met Faye Samp
son, who has lived all her
life in Chardon. They were
married on May IS, 1858
They have two children Ma
rcie, who was six in Janu-
ary and Charles, who W "a S
four last March.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1960-08-18

One of the newest business
SeS in Chardon is the Hilltop
Restaurant located on Water
street near the Geauga Thea
tire.
While the Hilltop has been
in business several years, the
new owners, Mr.. and Mrs.
William Bill" Brown, have
only operated it since t h e
first of February this year.
Since taking over they have
remodelled the dining room
and expanded the seating ca
pacity to 66 almost making
it into a completely new bu-
SineSS.
"Bill", the blonde, curly
headed proprietor, was born
in Cleveland in 1880 and at
tended Cleveland schools un-
til he joined the army when
he was 16. He was C | ! d
back into service for the Ko-
rean conflict and spent six
unhappy months as an MP:
in Korea. His total service in
the army comes to five years.
five months and five days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Watched Growth

One of the members who has
seen Bethesda First Baptist
Church grow is Mrs. George II
Price. She was one Of those
who put a shovel into the earth
when the groundbreaking fol
the small church took place ir
1910. When the education
building was added in 1850
she also took part in its ground.
breaking. and when the pres.
ent sanctuary was started
participated in a similar role
at its groundbreaking.
Mrs. Price with a smile re.
calls that she wore the same
big black hat, with red rose;
on it. to all three ground
breakings.
On one occasion the hat al
most, but not quite. disrupted
a service. She was directing
the choir and waving a long
stick for the members to fol-
low. At a particularly i'm
portant part she vigorously
waved the stick. 1t hit the
hat, which flew off. Mrs. Price
calmly caught the hat and put
it on a nearby chair. The choil
sang steadily without missing
a beat.
But the pastor could see the
partially hidden choir and
leader from the pulpit, and
during the rest Of the service
he had a difficult time re-
pressing the impulse to burst
into a hearty guffaw.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
NEWS. OF MUSIC
Vienna Group Gives
Exceptional Recital

soon, horn and clarinet-are
as good as you would expect
them to be, and Mr.. Gulda,
whose fame has preceded him
five or six years, is an excep-
tionally good pianist. His style
is easy and polished, simple
and direct, and extraordinar-
lily communicative.
Mozart considered his wind
quintet with piano the best
piece he had written up to
that time Q784). and the young
Beethoven was highly impressed
by it too. His quintet, writ
ten II years later. is clearly an
imitation Of the earlier work
- same key. Instrumentation
and virtually the same tempt
and moods in each Of the three
movements. Also each work
starts with a slow introduction.
The Mozart quintet is, of
course, a more mature work.
The exquisite sensitivity of the
first two movements and the
delicious wit of the rondo could
not be matched by the younger
composer. Beethoven had a
different kind of music to make,
and while he used the form of
the Mozart quintet as a frame
work, he did not try to duplicate
the Mozart passion, but rather
created one Of the best of his
early tempeStuous pieces, like
his F major cello sonata in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Bell Donated

There is an old bell on tor
OF the chapel today, gift Of 9
man who was head of the
Southern Railway Co.
The bell came from a loco.
motive via a decaying church
in southern Virginia.
After the chapel had beer
built by Guy Marlowe anc
Hugh Myers, members of the
congregation, they learned thi.
bell could be obtained for the
new structure.
The only hitch was that
someone had to take the bel
down from the Virginia church
and transport it to Bethesda
Undaunted. they drove dowr
into the Virginia countryside
climbed into the tower anc
brought the bell down to theil
car. Then they drove to Bethes.
da and put it up. There is M
clapper in the bell today and il
does not ring. but its presence
adds materially to the attrac.
tiveneSS of the church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

within. The present structure
is an extension of the small
church built 20 years ago, but
the blending of stone outside is
so well done even those familiar
with the building could not
say where the old church ends
and the addition begins.
The original church, erected
in 1910. was a two-story build
ing with a chapel seating about
200 persons, a fellowship hall
and six classrooms. The chapel
today is about half its original
size and Is used for adult Sun
day school classes. small we'd
dings. evening services and spe-
cial meetings.
Education Unit Built
In 1850 the Nelson Education
Building was erected. 1t was
named after the Rev. Edward
r. Nelson. father of DR.. ]. Ray
mond Nelson. pastor from 1888
to 1949. To put up this struc-
ture the chapel was halved in
size.
The present beautiful sanc-
tuary was built in 1858. The
stone came from the same
quarry on River road as that
used for the original church,
and the same foreman was in
charge of the job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

rage. so they went there to
look at the organ. In contrast
to other instruments, an Or
gan is bought without being
assembled and without being
heard. The committee found
the parts strewn all over the
garage floor. But they saw that
each part was in perfect con-
dition and made the purchase.
When the present sanctuary
was completed, it was decided
that instead of buying an ex-
penSive new organ the sweet
sounding old one would be used
with additional stops. The de-
cision was a good one for the
organ is a delight to hear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

BETHANY (Groveton, Va.)
Beacon Hill Rd. and Oak DR. Rev.
John Graudin. $50 and IL am.
ST. PAUL (Falls church,
Leesburg Pike and 1dylwood Rd:
Rev. Gerald Kuhn. $50 and
1l:00 am.
ST. JOHN (Franconia, Va.)
Rev, Paul Meyer, ii:oo am.
OXON HILL
Robert ROBE ot seRo! HI e. 81 go s sSd
HOO a m.
Concordia Countries, Va.)
yonderla nSs 1890 90 4 am Rev sunday pdss
School. 9:15 am.
TRINITY mt. Rainier)
Soth M s !. |. BUNKER Eise H, Hill I'd; Rev.
REDEEMER (HyattSville)
3799 East.West Highway. Rev.
VIM. H. Kohn. $50 and II am.
HOLY CROSS (Greenbelt)
90 Ridge Rd. Rev. Edward H.
Birnerr, $40 and II am. Sunday
Ascension (LandOver HilIS)
ago Ardmore Rd. Rev. Henry
s chhroesder, 9 and II am. Sunday
TRINITY (BOwie)
$40 am. Sunday School. i0:so
Chapel of The Deaf ID. c.
Rev. ch Il. " a aaen l9th i e NM
SUNDAY, 1880 PM, WRC, $50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Institute Monday
At St. EIiubeths

The Washington Ministerial
Union will attend a pastoral
institute by staff members of
st. Elizabeths Hospital Monday
at the hospital. A worship
service will be held at 10:l5
am. in the chapel with the
regular meeting starting at
1850 am.
DR.. Winfred Overholser, su-
perintendent Of the hospital,
will welcome the ministers.
Speakers will include DR..
Dale c. Cameron, assistant
superintendent; Miss Blanche
A. PARCEL, chief social worker,
and Mrs. Ellen Hollweck, direc-
tor Of Volunteer Service Branch.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

rector of the Goodwill Indus
tries.
The Kirlnear Glass Of Calvary
Baptist Church will be guests
of the Vaughn Class for Men at
10 am. tomorrow with Clyde J.
Crouch teaching the lesson
Miss Margaret K. Patterson will
teach the Burial Glass.
Raymond Oberholtzer of the
First United Church Of Christ
will preside at the Central Un-
ion Mission at Sis am. for the
Sunday school service tomor-
row. William r. Elliott will lead
the devotions. Mrs. Elliott will
read the scripture. The lesson
will be taught by Ben P. Rob-
ertson.
The Rustin Couples Class of
Mount Vernon Place Methodist
Church will be taught by Percy
j. Trevethon. Russell Saville
will teach the Fellow Workers
Class and Mrs. Lucy Aston will
teach the All States Bible and
Fellowship Glass. All classes will
meet at 10 am.
Willis Bishop, an instructor
at Washington Bible Institute,
will teach the Harrison Bible
Glass Of st. Luke'S Methodist
Church at GAS am. tomorrow.
The International Sun d a y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Named to Bourd

William S. Gouled. 1929 Alta
Vista terrace, Bethesda, Md,
was elected to the executive
board of the National Fedora
ton of Temple Brotherhoods
at a recent meeting in Houston.
Tex. Mr.. Gouled. president Of
the Metropolitan Washington
Conference of Temple Brother
hoods. is a member Of Temple
Sinai.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

BETHLEHEM I'd. c.
10th and T ets. Sc. Rev Herbert
Bernthal. $50 and IL am.
CHRIST ID. c.
18th and Gallatin SITS. NV Rev.
VIM. F. Bruening, $50 and IL
am
FIRST TRINITY I'd. c.
4th and E SITS. NV. Rev. H. B.
Roepe, $50 and 1l:00 am.
Sunday School, $50.
MOUNT OLIVET I'd. c.
1905 Vermont Ave NV. Rev.
VIM. Schiebel. 1l:00 am.
PILGRIM
$500 Mass. Ave. NV. Extended
DR.. Martin C. Pooh, $50 and IL
am. Sunday School. $3.50 am.
CALVARY (Silver Spring.
g545 Georgia Ave Rev. Frederick
w. Kemper. $50 and IL am.
ST. ANDREW (Wheaton)
l2247 Georgia Ave. Rev. Charles
Mueller. $3.50 an0 11:00 Am.
CHURCH OF THE CROSS
6e4 Great Falls Rd.,. Rockville.
Rev. Ralph Kruser, 1900 am.
EMMANUEL (Alexandria)
1901 Russell Rd. Rev. wilmer D.
Mensing. $50 and 1900 m.
OUR SAVIOUR (Arlington)
9th and s. Taylor Rev. George
Wehmeyer. $3.50 and HOO am.
THE LUTHERAN HOUR"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Talk on Catholicism

The Right Rev. Msgr. John
Tracy Ellis. professor of church
history, Catholic University,
will speak on American Ca
tholicism: implications of It's
Maturity" at $3.50 p m. Wednes-
day in the Gavan Social Center
of Sacred Heart Parish, Six
teenth street and Park road
NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Organ Infested

Organs are an important ad-
junct to a church, and the
organ in Bethesda First Bap.
fist Church has an especial
significance to the congrega-
tons members.
The major part Of the pres.
ent organ comes from the one
installed in the chapel in 1910
At that time a committee was
organized to buy an organ
Its members were told one
could be had at a nearby ga.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
U. S. Music Is Topic

DR.. Seth Bingham, a member
of the department Of music at
Columbia University who also
teaches at Union Theological
Seminary, New York, will speak
on Contemporary American
Church Music" at 7::30 pm.
tomorrow in St. Johns Episco-
pal Church. Lafayette Square
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

Four excellent wind players
from the Vienna Philharmonic
and the famous pianist, Fried
rich Gulda. came to the Library
of Congress last night with
some Of the best chamber
music heard this season.
The four first desk men of
the Philharmonic-oboe, bas-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

mood and brilliance Of piano
writing.
Brahms two clarinet sonatas
are among his best chamber
music works. MI. Gulda and
Alfred Prinz played the F minor
work perfectly - Clearly and
briskly and heroically unwilling
to sentimentalize the slow
movement. This beautiful an
dante is often play with such
painful rubato and overempha-
sis that it is easy to forget that
it is one of Brahms most lyrical
movements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
Baptist Boys PIons

The Royal Ambassador. a
Baptist missionary organization
for boys, will outline its 1861
program during a meeting at 8
pm, Monday, in the Baptist
Building, 1923 Sixteenth street
NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26
BY DAY THORPE
Star Music Critic

The Vienna Philharmonic Wind
Ensemble: Karl Mayrhofer, oboe
Gottfried Freiberg. horn; Alfred
Prinz, clarinet; Karl Ohlberger, baS-
soon: Friedrich Gulda, piano. At
Library Of Congress. Program:
Quintet in fiat. K 452, Mozart:
Sonata In minor, Opus 100. No. i,
Brahms: Quintet in Z nat, Opus 10,
Beethoven.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1960-11-26

School lesson for the following
Sunday will be taught on THE
Hour Of Power" presented by
the Central Union Mission each
Sunday at 10 am. over WMAL.