davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-02-08
DAVID LAWRENCE

The Democrats in the Sem
ate are unwittingly doing a
great deal to scare American
business. They have set the
stage for a spending orgy by
Government which can grad
ually cut down the purchaS-
ing power of the dollar.
The vote in the Senate
last week to provide nearly
50 billion in the next two
years for school aid" could
start the Federal Govern
ment on an unprecedented
course of subsidizing teach
ers' salaries. What has hith-
erto been a local obligation
now could become a Federal
liability every year. 1t starts
with a few hundred millions
for teachers salaries, but,
once a formula of this kind
is imbedded in Federal
budgets, it means increaS-
ing sums every year there
after.
Certainly school teachers
should be better paid, and,
if the States don't recognize
this, they will lose teachers
and fail to gain new ones.
But once the Federal Gov
ernment starts an laid"
program, the States will
gradually transfer it to the
majority responsibility. This
could even lead to Federal
control of the curriculum
and teaching methods-as is
the case in many a totalitar-
ian government.
The States are not bank
rupt. If they fail to appro-
pirate enough, it is the local
citizenry who should be
making q fight for better
schooling. The moment the
Federal Government steps
into anything, it becomes a
custom that is never re-
pealed.
What can all this mean
to business? If dollars are to
be cut down in value, unions
will insist upon higher
wages. Then prices start 60
ing up faster and faster.
Also, interest rates have to
be boosted to attract invest
ors. 1t means a dislocation
Of the American economy.
Now, many of the AZ Dem
ocrats and 9 Republicans
who voted for the $1.8-bil-
Evening star., 1960-02-08
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

AFL-CIo leaders meet in Miami Beach These are tough
times Tor unions and labor leader has to have lot of
Candidates johnson, Humphrey and Kennedy talk to
Western Democrats After listening party leader
an SOS.-"Stevenson Symington"
House probers urge that rigging TV show be made
crime. From the sponsor Of fixed panel show will
be giving it the old hard cell.
What this country needs is more statesmanship-
less Spacemanship.
Republican Senator Keating the Nation is suffering
erosion" of values Things bad Republicans even
Shudder to look at the election returns.
Q-Whats the easiest diet for a woman? A-.The Japa-
Diet. She talk herself into 1t.
Evening star., 1960-02-08
Insults and Mikoyon Visit Show Time
When u. S. RAN Hemisphere Is Over
WILLIAM S. WHITE

Uncle Sam as we used to
know him, the very tall old
man in the striped breeches
who was a symbol Of unques-
toned leadership in this
hemisphere, does not exist
any more.
For many years past, the
United States was many
things to the Latin Ameri-
cans. 1t was liked at one
time and it was hated at an
other time. But always its
power was unquestioned. And
this. too, at least, was Ger
tain: The Yankee COLOSSUS
Of the North" ran things in
this part Of the world. And
that was that.
Fidel Castro, the new die
tator Of Cuba, is now DEM
onstrating how far away we
have got from those old and
simple days. The welcome he
is giving to a Soviet visitor,
Deputy Premier Anastas I.
Mikoyan. is one Of the most
extraordinary episodes in the
history Of this hemisphere.
1t is amazing. indeed, that it
has stirred so little challeng-
ing interest in the United
States.
For as Mikoyan strides
over the island Of Cuba he
symbolizes. for good or for
Ill, the end Of a long era.
It was an era in which the
Pan American world was, at
bottom, strictly the world Of
the United States. Perhaps
Evening star., 1960-02-08
Democrat Burdick Expects Support
OF Pro-Longer League in Senote Race

vinceS him that farmers
continue to regard him as
the natural inheritor Of the
Langer-Usher Burdick man.
tie.
Republicans here admit
that a Macedonian cry has
reached them from their
North Dakota organization,
and some Of the party's bet
ter operators will visit the
State this week to see what
can be done. Burdick antici-
pateS that he will be running
against Gov. John E. Davis.
but a final decision has not
been made.
The first question asked by
North Dakota Republicans
was whether any hope exist
ed that Agriculture Secre-
tary Secretary Benson would
bow out before their cam
paign. They were told no. The
President, it was explained,
will not ask Benson to re-
sign and Benson has repeat
ed privately his public en-
brace Of Vice President Nix
on as one of the architects
of administration farm pol
icy.
The North DakotanS sighed
but said any other help pos
sible would be welcome. They
will get money for the cam
paign and such advice and
party orators as they care
to accept.
Burdick is also counting
Evening star., 1960-02-08

we were wrong sometimes in
our dealings with our neigh
bors to the south. Perhaps
there was some justice to the
complaints of Yankee i'm
perialiSm" and Of dollar di-
plomacy."
But even If all this was
true there was also this: We
led two continents much as
the British in an earlier time
had led most Of the rest of
the world. And on the whole
and in the end we did more
good, surely, than harm to
the other powers on this side
Of the earth. Always we
stood responsible for them,
in the bad times as in the
good. They owe US some
thing, if only in memory.
For it was Yankee Ameri-
can money and it was
Yankee American effort and
knowledge that drove away
the pestilences and opened
economic opportunity to
what would otherwise have
remained for the most part
a vast. submerged area of
living in something very
close to squalor.
That Mikoyan can now
come and impudently fish
for trouble for us in what
used to be the American
lake Of the Caribbean is a
strange and disturbing thing
to those who remember the
past. It is a sharply nos
talgic illustration of the
lttle-considered fact that
for us, as for the British
nearly a generation ago, an
hour Of twilight change has
now come.
We are, rightly or wrong
ly, no longer the Colossus
Of the North" A few years
ago when the British retired
at last from India the pa
pers printed a picture of the
last British troopship ever to
leave Bombay. Our last
troopship-the last vestige
and symbol, that is, Of our
Evening star., 1960-02-08
By ROBERT X. WALSH
Star stan Writer

The House Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee sees some
truth and much danger in q
Communist Party belief that
United States foreign policy is
being softened by increased So
Wet power and the impact Of
Premier Khrushchev's visit last
year.
The Communist Party today
Is convinced it stands on the
threshold Of a new era, an era
OF growth, of increased mem
bership and influence in the
United States" the committee
declared in its annual report.
'It is convinced that Soviet
Power Is already affecting the
foreign policy of the United
States in the direction Of soft
ening. 1t believes that as this
power grows it can also affect
the attitude of the United
States Government toward the
party itself, that there may be
a leSsening of opposition, ex-
posure and prosecution Of Com
munists, based on fear of Of
Tending Moscow"
The committee called for
sober concern and increased
watchfulness on the part of all
Americans" because of what
Chairman Walter, Democrat of
Pennsylvania, described as
ourth-dimenSional. warfare"
being waged by Communists.
"Warfare" Defined
In a foreword to the 135-page
report Mr.. Walter defined this
warfare as "a combination of
internal subversion and political
and propaganda warfare which
the Communist conspiracy en-
ploys for undermining and
destroying free societies"
The committee defended its
own existence and investiga-
tions as being essential to
maintain continuing surveil-
lance over the agitational and
propaganda activities, within
Evening star., 1960-02-08
DORIS FLEESON

A preview of farm belt
sentiment will be forthcom-
ing on the eve Of the ma
tional conventions when the
great wheat State of North
Dakota names a successor to
the late Senator wild Bill"
LANCER at a special election
June %.
For the first time in many
years Democrats have a
candidate with a reasonable
expectation Of support from
the old Nonpartisan League,
which was the backbone of
Langer's strength. He is Rep.
Quentin L. Burdick, son Of
another picturesque Spokes-
man for the family farmer,
the late Representative
Usher Burdick.
Usher Burdick, however,
like LANCER, funneled farm
er and liberal support into
the Republican Party of
North Dakota through the
device of Nonpartisan
League Endorsement. Both
men were famously inde-
pendent of their chosen
party during their long
Washington careers but new
er abandoned the label.
When Quentin Burdick
ran for his fathers old seat
in 1858, as a Democrat, he
got Nonpartisan League
backing. His grass-roots
testing for the Senate con-
Evening star., 1960-02-08

cisions the committee believes
have weakened that 1910 anti
subversion law as well as the
Federal loyalty program.
Security Bill Passed
One of the committee rec
concentrations gained ground
last week shortly before the re-
port came out. The House
passed without debate and
sent to the Senate q bill au-
thorizing the Secretary of De-
fense to establish a security
program in defense plants and
to specify procedures for Civ,
ing secret information to de-
fense contractors and their
employees. A similar program|
was invalidated by the SUI
preme Court on the ground
that it had not been directly
authorized by Congress.
Urging congressional en-
actment of this measure and
a companion bill authorizing
the Federal Government to|
guard strategic defense facili-|
ties against "indiYiduals be-
lieved to be disposed to COM
NIT acts Of espionage, sabo-
tage or other subversion." the
committee report declared:
THE lack Of congressional
or presidential authority to es-
tablish an. effective industrial
security program constitutes a
serious gap in the law pertain
ing to, national defense"
Evening star., 1960-02-08
Ski Landing by Plane at South Pole
Recalls Exploits of Fridiof Nonsen

His enthusiasm produced
backing. A ship, the Fran
(Forward), was built. Nansen
believed that within two to
three years the ship would
drift across the Pole, locked
in the slow-moving ice. The
Fran sailed in June of 1893.
She drifted until March.
Then. apparently, progress
ended. Nansen and a lieu
tenant set out with sleds and
the pitifully few supplies
shown at the museum. They
reached 86 degrees north.
This was 1874 miles farther
north than man ever had
penetrated. There they had
to turn back. They managed
to make Franz Josef Land
and remained there for the
winter.
Nansen made other Arctic
explorations, all of them at
great peril and with meager
scientific resources. He was
properly a hero at home and
abroad. receiving honors
from all the world. He be-
came a national leader and
did much of the work which
enabled Norway and Sweden
to separate amicably.
Norway was neutral in the
first world war. Nansen de-
voted the years to working
with the thousands Of refu-
gees who fled Russia. He
continued this work after
the war. The plight of the
stateless peoples was so des-
perate that Nansen per-
suaded the world powers to
allow them to have identi-
flying passports. They were
called, UNDERSTANDABLE, Nam
sen Passports.
His labors in behalf Of the
homeless and the helpless
won him the love and graft
Evening star., 1960-02-08
DORIS FLEEsON
sos From North Dakota G. 0. P,

on support from the strongly
anti-BenSon Farmers Union,
which has so, 900 members in
North Dakota. The Farm
Bureau and the Grange in
which Benson has friends,
are much less powerful in
the State.
Republicans generally
would be much less nervous
about a successor to a famous
maverick like LANCER If an
accident Of fate had not put
so many of their Senators UP
this year in the vicinity of
North Dakota. OF their eleven
incumbents FIVE are from the
Middle West: Allott of Colo
RADIO. curtis of Nebraska,
Martin Of Iowa, Mundt of
South Dakota and Schoeppel
Of Kansas.
Martin, who served l6 years
in the House before coming
to the Senate in 1855, has
already announced he would
not seek reelection. Mundt
knows he will confront a
vigorous young liberal Demo-
crat from the House, Repre-
sentative George McGovern.
The three others have no ex-
act information about their
opposition but know it will be
heavy.
Vice President Nixon is pre-
pared to be helpful to the
party's candidates wherever
possible. He is handicapped
in the Midwest by the slide
in farm income, for which
Benson, right or wrong, gets
the blame.
Evening star., 1960-02-08
RALPH McGILL

Reading about the C-13o,
Lockheed's huge jet-prop
aircraft making a ski land
ing and take-off at the
South Pole reminded me of
o North Pole story.
Once upon a time, in 1888,
when the ugly shadow on the
world was Adolph Hitler's, 1
went from Oslo to a ski re-
sort in the mountains north
of that city. Nearby was a
small museum containing
items from the early Arctic
explorations of Fridjof Nam
sen, including those taken
on his first dash for the Pole
in 1895.
They were, Of course,
primitive in the extreme.
They were so few, and so
inadequate, as to be almost
pitiful to see. The sleds
looked frail. There was a
small kit Of medicines.
Among them was a tiny bot
tie containing toothache
drops.
One had a great sense Of
mans dignity and daring.
standing there awed by what
Nansen had when he dared
the frozen mysteries Of the
Arctic.
AS q young college pro-
fessor. Nansen had done
what then was regarded
as impossible. He crossed
Greenland's icecap, from
east to west, at 81 degrees
north. He had a great dream
about reaching the North
Pole. Along with others he
noted that driftwood from
Siberia frequently was found
on the shores of Greenland.
Then, too, some pieces of a
ship, wrecked in the Bering
Strait, had found their way
on mysterious currents to
Greenland.
Evening star., 1960-02-08
Cuba UnderIines End of an Era

erstwhile headship in this
hemisphere-has now left
Havana.
The reasons for all this, Of
course, are many and COM
plicated. The world itself has
changed. The days Of any
kind Of "colonialism," how
ever bland and in many ways
actually beneficial to the
colonialized, have gone for
ever. The United States has
Joined most Of the rest of the
world in a search for accom-
modations and easement in
the cold war.
So we allow Castro to run
loose and free and menac-
ingly irresponsible in a coun-
try we have always kept alive
economically and still do. We
allow the alien-and quite
possibly sinister - lodger
Mikoyan to take rooms in the
house of a man who clearly
is no friend Of ours.
1t used to be said that the
United States would neryoit
no foreign encroachments In
this hemisphere. This can be
said no longer. For Castro
and his house guest, Mikoyan,
are thumbing their noses at
us across a few miles Of water
from our southern coastnne,
When you set out to end a
cold war you pay many prices.
And the price we are paying
in Cuba-where determinedly
we refuse to retaliate to the
most extraordinary insults Of
this whole new era-is q high
price indeed.
Evening star., 1960-02-08
RALPH McGILL
Memories of an Arctic Pioneer

tude Of thousands and the
Nobel Prize in 1922. He used
the money to buy land for
the homeless.
He was, Of course, a man
dedicated to the idea of the
League Of Nations. He was
Norway's representative to
that organization, which,
had it not been sabotaged by
American political greed,
might have prevented the
course of events in Europe
and the great war which
grew out of them.
Nansen's personal life was
not a happy one. But he
never allowed it to sour his
outlook on life nor prevent
him from giving his tremen-
dous talents and good will
to the cause of peace and
those rendered destitute and
stateless by war. He died in
1930-knowing even then
that the second great war
was on the way.
Now we have the C-l3O,
called the Hercules, which
can set its huge bulk down
on skis at the South Pole. A
fleet of them has been op-
Grating in what, with our
compulsion for phrase-mak-
ing, we have called Opera
tion Deep Freeze"
The C-130 is a cargo plane
which carries more freight
than a boxcar. 1t can land
on short strips and take of
from them with equal facil-
ity. No longer will it be nee
essary to supply depots at
the South Pole by parachute
drops. The HERCULES which
landed at the South Pole
unloaded 12,500 pounds of
cargo in 80 minutes. They
regularly land and depart
from Byrd Station at Nc
Murdo Sound in Antarctica.
These aircraft revolutionize
polar exploration.
I salute them. But I re-
Evening star., 1960-02-08
Walter Unit Warns U.S..
On Red View of Policy

this Nation. Of the interna-
tional Communist conspiracy" 4"
The report reviewed IL major
hearings last year on such
matters as Communist train
ing methods, United States
passport security, Communist
organizations and tactics in
California and Puerto Rico,
and Soviet espionage opera
tionS.
1t urged legislative author
ity for the Secretary of State
to deny passports Ito danger
GUS participants in the inter-
national Communist conspir-
acy." 1t expressed regret that
Congress has not yet adopted
committee recommendations to
strengthen the Smith Act or
remedy" Supreme Court de-
Evening star., 1960-02-08
SodoIity to Meet

The Very Rev. Msgr. Mar
tin w. Christopher, director Of
the Society for the Propaga-
ton of the Faith, and the
Rev. John E. Corrigan, direc-
tor Of women's vocations. both
of the Archdiocese Of Wash
mgton, will address a meeting
of the st. Hugh's Catholic
Church Sodality at $50 pm.
Wednesday at the church, 135
Crescent road, Greenbelt, Md.
Evening star., 1960-02-08

member how I felt in the
tiny museum north Of Oslo,
looking at Nansen's equip
ment. I wish they had
named the aircraft NAN
sens"
, 1960-11-16


(C1n..nued from yesterday
MIR MADURO: Mr.. Chairman, | would like to make
a few remarks about another important organization in
our %ommunit which has been doing a terrific JOB over
the past ~thirtyIive years, and, it is questionable whether
or not, they too, are properly remUnerated or compensat-
ed. And, | am making reference to our old Community
Band.
AS you know, this band is in existence since 1924 and
has been rendering loyal and faithful service to this com
munity. This Band participates in almost every pubic
function or activity making a definite contribution 70 our
community. In fact, it has gotten to the point where there
is no other band in our community. Il anything should
happen to the members Of this organization, it means that
we would have to import a band from Puerto Rico or
some other place and pay a fabulous sum OF money Tor
such participation in any OF our programs.
Now. / will give you an idea of the kind of %compensa-
ton which these men are getting today. Before our Treas
ury was SO good, they were getting around S5Oo q quar-
ter. Today, the Band is receiving about $l5O a quarter
which means, when you break this amount down, eacn
member Of the band receives about $2O5 per month. Now,
the membership of this band consist OF elderly men close
to 60 years of age-men with great responsibility, serious
OBLIGATIONS, and they take a lot OF their time out TO prac-
tice and to appear at these functions and they 40 THIS,
why? Because Of their civic pride and their civic spirit.
feel that the least our government can do is to try
not only to encourage these men to perpetuate this spirit,
but / think it will be an added incentive to the younger
people in our community. / think that the chlldren VINO
are getting out Of High School, and the other youngsters
IN our community Will Nc dull ~ ~ 1nS D0i' N1
feel that at least there will be some compensation.
AT the present time the band has its own obligations.
The Band has to pay rent. incidentally, the owner OF the
property is now asking for an increase OF rent, Il mas 70
buv music: to take care Of a number Of other little thing
which the Band needs. I think that this Legislature should
Give some serious thought to this organization and give
some consideration toward increasing the present stipend
which we've got now.
If T. had the time, I could list a number OF contr1bu-
lions which this band has made in this community. For
over thirty-fve years it really has been plugging and
working hard and it has made SO many contributions that
it would take all afternoon to list them. But again, ! wish
to re-efnphasize the Importance OF this organization IN our
community and the Importance of maintaining it as a part
Of our community and not losing it. There is q need for
Younger people to get into the organizations, and appeal
to the Legislature to give it some careful consideration
during this session.
Thank you, Mr.. Chairman. A
- 1nnrrz. NJ. GLninnnnn 81
, 1960-11-16

Now, it is all well and good to say that they playIfor
all functions and so on. But / have observed this, too. That
the band, as it stands now, needs a lot OF dlsclpllnlng. You
have in that band, Mr.. Chairman, certain people who'll
a national program is being sponsored-refuse to play be
cause the program is being l3onsored by a certain organl-
cation for which they have no use. That's not the spirit OF
the thing, Mr.. Chairman. Ibelieve that when the band
started it was simply for love of country, the ambition OF
the members. But. now it has boiled down to money.
We agree that everything costs money. They have to
pay rent. They have to buy music and all that kind OF
thing. But, let's give a little thought to the other side. Do
your duty and that would encourage, at least, the mem
bers of this Legislature to do something forthe band also.
MR.. MADURO Mr.. Chairman.
H VICE PRESIDENT: Senator Maduro.
Mr.. MADUR do not wish to engage in an argu-
ment with Senator Gomez, but I dc. not believe that he IS
correct when he said the band isn't doing its duty. / think
that everybody in this community knows what the band
is doing.
Now, it is true that they may not be as regular as
giving concerts every month or every week or Whateverit
is. I am sure that they are certainly making their contri-
button. Sometime, they might give more than one concert
a month, they might give two, they might give three. They
might not be regular. / agree that there might be a little
more discipline. But, I certainly don't feel that that
should be a reason for curtailing or maintaining the pre-
sent small stipend that you're giving.
After all it is a thing that they are doing on their own.
think it is just a matter of giving some assistance. We
sat down here and without any question we voted $4,000
Carnival I.dont see why we should hesitate to help the
hand ###N0@
, 1960-11-16

MIR. OME While the stipend for the Bandsnen
IS undoubtedly small, / think / have been giving some
thought to that matter. But, I also know that the band
isn't living up to it's obligation. We are supported to have
4 couple concerts here every month. Do we get them? No!
We don't get them at all.
, 1960-11-16
THE VICE PRESIDENT: Senator Reese.

Mr.. REESE: Mr.. Chairman, first | should like to
make an excuse for my being absent on Tuesday. Because
of the Civilian Defense Raid practice, and being a volun-
teer fireman / participated in that practice raid.
Mr.. Chairman, with respect to the discussion on the
stipend for the band, let me say that many Of the members
have made complaints to many of us. It is true that the
Band is not out as customary, once a month to give a con-
cert. But it was agreed upon, 4 good many years back
can remember, because the demand for this one and only
band in st. Thomas was SO great they had to play many
times for certain organizations to make these extra ac-
tivities as part of the Public Concerts. If there was a ship
in, or, there was any kind of reception at Government
House and the band was requested to play these, also
would be considered as public concerts. Because it was
found that the band was playing three and four times a
month; and many of the members had to leave their Jobs
to get to the program at four o'clock or sometimes two
o'clock in the afternoon-thereby losing an hour or two
wages in order to do that. And, if the band was requested
by the Government to play at Government House, to play
at a hotel or to play at programs at school, it was under
stood that it very well couldn't come out every month
every Sunday night. I think that it is coming tosa point
where some of the men are being overworked without
compensation.
TO be continued