davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Cuban Hiqhhondedness

A long period of strained relations,
II not worse, appears inevitable between
the United States and Cuba For the
third time in seven months, and with
increasing sharpness, our own Gov
ernment has protested the manner of
Cuban seizure of property of United
States ownership and the lack of
guarantees Of prompt and adequate
compensation.
Thus far, the response Of the revo-
lutionary government in Havana has
been that the actions in question are
being taken primarily under the agrar-
Ian reform program (applying to Cuban
nationals and foreigners equally) and
that "all doubtful cases" will be referred
to the Cuban courts. OF our third pro-
test, submitted on Monday by AmbaSSa-
dor Philip BonSal, the Cuban Ministry Of
Foreign Relations has said that it will
be studied "in due time"
Actually, as described in our latest
note, the Cuban method of seizure offers
little encouragement to any hope of fair
adjudication. Property has been taken
not only without consent of the owners
but without evidence of court orders,
without written authorization, without
inventories and without receipt There
has, in short, apparently been no expro-
priation procedure in legal sense and,
in fact, no record. ConfiScation by such
procedure, our Government contends, is
"in denial of the basic rights of owner
ship rights provided under both
Cuban law and generally accepted inter-
national law"
Involved thus far have been United
States holdings valued between SIS mil
lion and Sc million, mostly on ranches
and farms. Total American investments
in Cuba, however, are estimated as high
as 81 billion and those which might fall
clearly within the scope of the land
reform program amount to about one
third of this total. The land reform law
provides for compensation through is
Suance of 20-year, AZ per cent bonds
terms which our Government feels do
not meet the tests of promptneSs or
adequacy.
No question is being raised, of
course, as to the right of appropriation
and naturalization. Risk of such action
is inherent in foreign inveStment-a
fact fully understood by American busi-
ness and individuals operating abroad
Equally so, however, the right to reason
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Bayou State Strows

AT a time when the smallest DO
htlcal strawS are being weighed on
national scales, LouiSiana's Democratic
primary runoff for State Offices provides
the following: In the Bayou State. at
least, religion apparently still plays a
part in politics-to the disadvantage of
Roman Catholic when running against
Protestant. On the racial question, the
stronger the commitment to segregation
and against civil rights the stronger the
candidate. Although other factors had
bearing, these two are being cited as
OF first Importance in the victory of for
mer Governor James H. Davis over New
Orleans Mayor de LessepS Morrison for
the gubernatorial nomination.
1t does not necessarily follow, of
course, that what applies in Louisiana
applies elSeWhere-even in the South.
Louisiana likes to raise it's Governors in
the country, not the city, and Mr. Davis
belongs to the rural folk Not since 1920
has citizen Of New Orleans made the
State House, but not since 1884 has a
Catholic made it at all. On segrega-
ton and civil rights, the two candidates
in this case took similar positions. But
the most determined champions of
white supremacy" threw their factional
strength to Mr.. Davis. Among them
were State Senator William NJ Rainach,
who ran strong third in the December
primary, and outgoing Governor Earl K.
Long. BY contrast, one of Mr.. Morrison's
principal hackers was Camille H. Gravel,
LouiSiana'S Democratic National Com
mitteeman, whose relatively mild posi-
tion on civil rights has embroiled him
in Southern controversy.
OF some interest, too, in the frame
work of national politics, is the fact
that Mayor Morrison and Mr.. Gravel
have been identified as supporters of
Senator Kennedy, a Catholic, for the
Democratic presidential nomination.
Mr.. Davis repeatedly favorS Senator
johnson Of Texas, and presumably will
be In position to lead LouiSianaS 26 con-
vention votes to the Texans camp. At
convention time, this may prove to be
the only important straw" in Louisi-
ana'S weekend voting.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Toys Brought Joys

The eighth annual Marine
Corps Reserve Toys for Tots"
program is now history.
An estimated 10000 new
and usable toys were collected
and distributed via the Christ
mas bureaus throughout the
Metropolitan Area. over
$4,000 repairable toys were
also collected. The majority
Of these toys were repaired
locally or turned over to the
Metropolitan Police lioys Club
and Salvation Army for re-
pair during the coming year.
The happiness expressed
by the children on Christmas
morning could not have been
a reality without your CO.
operation.
On behalf of the United
States Marine Corps Reserve
and the members of the 18th
Infantry Battalion, U. S. Ma
rine Corps Reserve. l wish to
express a hearty Thank you"
for your unSelfiSh co-opera-
ton rendered during the
Toys for Tots" campaign
which made the 1859 cam
paign one of the most sue
cessful thus far.
Lawrence E. Carr, Jr.,
Major, U. S. Marine Corps Re-
serve, Commanding Officer.
Evening star., 1960-01-13

@. Which President of the
United States was the first
to make a formal address over
the radio? w. A.
A. Warren G. Harding was
the first President to broad
cast a radio address, speak
ing from st. Louis on June,
81. 1923. Harding's voice
had been heard over the
radio as early as 1921. Wood
row Wilson, it is said. might
have had been the first Pres
ident to broadcast. 1t was
suggested that he broadcast a
speech over experimental
radio equipment. installed
aboard the transport George
Washington. on which he was
returning home after attend
ing the Peace Conference at
Versailles in February, 1919,
but objections were raised
and the plan was abandoned.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Though millions of dollars
are spent every year on the
Nations human feet. these
useful members remain the
poor relations of the body.
People in general fail to
rest the feet, or take any spe-
cial care Of them. They often
act as If they did not belong
to them.
Many even poke fun at
those who try to treat their
helpful feet in a civilized
manner.
The person who insists on
wearing soft slippers as much
as possible is looked upon as
lazy and incompetent.
He or she who goes bare
foot is regarded as plain
crazy.
1t used to be this way in
regard to going bareheaded.
Fifty years ago, when some
hardy male insisted on going
without a hat, even in sum-
mer, he was looked upon as
eccentric.
II he went hatless in win
ter. he was regarded as q
candidate for st. Elizabeths
Hospital.
Now look around you!
Today at least half of the
people you see in buses and
on the street are hatless.
Campaigns by hat makers
have done little good.
1t is one thing to tell a
man he looked better dressed
with a hat. and quite another
to make him go back to
wearing one if he feels bet
ter without it.
= =
We have al thought
the hatmen hay one about
their propaganda in a poor
way.
They talk about being well
dressed. but it isn't that at
all.
What worries your average
male is not whether he is
we'll dressed or not. but that
feeling of construction on the
forehead.
There is a whole tribe of
human males who do not like
a feeling of construction
anywhere.
So suSpenderS and tight
garters and even belts have
gone into limbo, whatever
that is.
Men today want comfort,
and will have it. They have
grown up, in this regard, at
least.
They are really mature,
when it comes to going hat
less.
If some enterpriSing hat
man would put out a hat that
was absolutely weightleSS,
and without that feeling of 9
band around the head, they
might get somewhere.
The feet are in another
boat.
Everybody REGARDS his feet
as things that ought to be
there, and that is all.
They look at them with
disfavor when they ache, or
grow cornS, or bunions or
other ugly excresences.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
NAACP's Rolls

One Of your correspond
ents wonders why the South
hasn't the right, under re-
Gently enacted anti-NAACP
laws. to force disclosure of
names of members and con-
tributors of Southern chap
ters of the NAACP, and there
by subject those persons to
threats and intimidations,
physical violence and eco
nomic reprisals.
Since May II, 1854, the
deep South" has steadfastly
determined to kill the eff
fectiveness of the NAACP.
The names of signers of petit
tionS to school boards re-
questing that public schools
be reorganized on a racially
nondiScriminatory basis have
been conspicuously published
in Southern newspapers.
Names of persons known or
suspected to have NAACP
afhliation have been circu-
lated by White Citizens
Councils and these persons
have often been fired.
To suggest that the NAACP
considers itself above the law
because 1t continues to refuse
to submit a list of its mem
bers and contributors to
these investigating" COM
mittees until it is confronted
with a final, unappealable
court order, is to ignore the
laW-abiding tradition and
character Of the NAACP. 1t
has already volunteered a
listing of its officers, en-
plOyes. financial incomes and
expenditures. 1t seems nei-
ther reasonable nor equita-
BILE to expect the NAACP to
commit suicide to appease the
South.
Sidney S. TObin,
Chairman, Program Com
mittee, Howard Univer-
Chapter, NAACP.
Evening star., 1960-01-13

AS a former student Of
the Corcoran School of Art,
and as a local artist who has
been both accepted and re-
jected from local exhibits at
the Corcoran Gallery of Art,
1 feel that it is in especially
bad taste for nonprofesSional
artists to condemn the Cor
coran Gallery for promoting
local exhibitions that are en-
tirely free of bias.
There can be no quarrel
with the juries. or juryman.
selected to view Corcoran To-
cal exhibits. If the selections
appear to be a bit erratic, we
can only assume that the
jury had a jaundiced view Of
contemporary art. Critics Of
the Corcoran exhibit policy
are largely real estate oper-
ators or refugees from the
Pentagon, and are not. in
the strict sense of the word
artists. They are, it is
admitted, talented persons
who are able, with a little
guidance. to paint by the
numbers. Their life is taken
up with the mundane task of
earning a living. and their
knowledge Of art begins and
ends with that monumental
painting. The Helping
Hand" I recall, as a child
my father taking me to the
Corcoran Gallery Of Art, and
we stood in awe before THE
Helping Hand"
1t was later I discovered
that the same gallery had a
room Of those wonderful
MonticelliS and some ele.
CANT CorotS. Still later I was
to discover the art of PicaSSo
the greatest living artist and
a master draughtsman, equal
to 1ngres and Durer. Now, il
appears we are to be regi-
mented into accepting the
calendar art Of citizens who
pursue art as a hobby and
object to any gallery that ad-
mitS art with no strings at
tached. Quality. we are told
must be sacrificed to guam
tity. that bugaboo Of democ-
racy. Thanks to Corcoran
the community enjoys a high
standard of art.
John G. Rogers,
Evening star., 1960-01-13

solar mare on May IL, last
year, several simultaneous
unnamed balloon flights
were made by the Minnesota
group. These flights revealed
a tremendous burst of pro-
tons, or hydrogen nuclei,
from the sun which resulted
in unsuspected high amounts
Of this radiation at balloon
attitudes in our atmosphere.
Subsequent balloon meas
urements during similar solar
activity confirm the exist
ence of this shower of solar
coSmic radiation associated
with events on the sun. A
maximum level of 10000
times normal has been meas
ured and the overall dis
turbed period, where the
lonization radiation exceeds
normal background, appears
to persist for from one to
eight days.
I'm terms of manned space
flight, it is estimated that
when one of these events oc-
ours the intensity which
might be received by an in
oividual in space of our solar
system is in the order of 1000
roentgens per hour. Accord
ing to presently accepted toll
eranceS, 80 minutes of this
would be fatal to about so
per cent of the personnel
exposed. Even at balloon al
titudeS in our atmosphere the
measured rate is a serious
hazard. Shielding is an OBJ
viouS solution but the amount
OF material required in extra
terrestrial flight will impose
a severe weight penalty and
may not be practical"
Has More Depth
The Van Allen radiation. It
is pointed out, occurs in belts
several miles thick. In con-
trast the new radiation pre-
sumably would fill space be-
tween the earth and the sun.
I'VE must face the facts"
Comdr. Ross continues.
Technical problems can and
will be solved as they occur.
This major new radiation dis
covery, however, is a recurring
natural solar phenomenon,
the result of mechanisms and
events on the sun which are
not completely understood.
Its occurrence cannot be fore
cast at this time, although
work in this area now is in
progress. The new radiation
problem may also be solved
in time. But at present it
makes manned space fight
quite unrealistic."
The discovery resulted,
Comdr. Ross says, from a
broad research program in
high altitude physics which
has had the continuous sup
port of the Office of Naval
Research.
But, says a footnote to his
report, the opinions do not
necessarily represent those of
the Department of the Navy"
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Governments Role
Constantine Brown writes

Constantine Brown writes:
To-day our Government
grows vaster, not for the
benefit Of the people but be-
cause of greed for soft jobs
and high retirement pay"
A statement so typical Of
the most far-fetched of at
tacks upon Federal en-
ployes and their conditions
Of employment - attacks
which make it increasingly
difficult to recruit and re-
tain qualified employees -
should not go unchallenged.
A most effective answer to
the unsupported charge made
by Mr.. Brown is contained
in an address made recently
by Roger w. Jones, chair
man of the United States
Civil Service Commission.
The intense international
rivalry which we are en-
gagged in with the Commu-
mist world - a rivalry which
runs through every branch
OF human endeavor - has no
parallel in our country's
peacetime history. We are
not permitted to measure
ourselves exclusively against
standards Of our own max
ing, in any field. Public
speakers take the rostrum
every day to tell us that such
things as our proven ability
to create new wealth -
rather than just plundering
and redistributing wealth in
the manner Of some other
civiliZationS-are not enough.
And, as a nation. we do in
fact respond with new or
strengthened cultural and
scientific programs which
must be administered by gov
ernmental aid, encourage
ment and assistance.
Certainly we canno [
promise less government for
the future. in the face of the
knowledge that the American
people will continue to want
and need more services from
their government. What those
OF us who are engaged in
public administration must
promise - and deliver - is
better government. 1t may
not be. government at less
cost than at present but it
has got to be government
which is popularly accepted
as being worth its cost. This
can be accomplished only
through more expert admin
istration of the activities as
signed to us by the peoples
representatives. We must ex-
tend the reach of every tax
dollar. We must equip our
selves without delay effec-
lively to deal with a whole
new world of administrative
problems which this new age
Of complex scientific technol-
ogy represents"
The programs to which
Chairman Jones refers, so
vital to the welfare and Sc
curity of our country and all
its citizens. must be carried
out by people-Federal en-
ployes.
Mr.. Browns smear state
ment is a far cry indeed from
the realities of the Federal
service in these critical days.
Vaux Owen,
President, National Fed
Grafton of Federal EN-
nloveS
Evening star., 1960-01-13

Still, they do very little
about it.
Enterprising men who deal
in feet ills will tell you that
thousands of people who
ought to consult them never
do, even after they begin to
hurt.
They just hobble along.
Women, too.
Older persons, in particu-
lar, should be more careful
about their feet, for cuts and
burns on them and even
insect bites heal very slowly.
One of the best things one
can do, according to the ex-
perts. is to go barefooted or
wear slippers.
This gives the shoes a rest.
Feet rest by spreading them
selves. You insist on caging
them into stiff shoes too
small, and they repay you il
kind, and this means aches
and pains.
U most cleanliness is
necessary, but this does not
always mean soap and water.
One of the most prevalent
foot maladies, or rather toe
maladies, the ubiquitous
athletes foot" as it is
widely called, may come from
a too alkaline condition.
What is needed is not
alkaline soap. but some foot
acid preparation to acidify
the skin there.
Plain water, especially al
ternating cold and hot, will
help.
AS for fiat feet, so called,
never worry about this. Even
medical men know nothing,
or next to nothing, about
fiat feet. People with fiat
feet have lived useful and
happy lives without a pain
or foot ailment.
They are sensible enough
to put two and two together,
as they say, and go bare
footed as much as they can,
and slipper-clad as much as
they wish. let the laughs fall
where they will.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
VSTAS IN SCIENCE
New Radiation Peril Seen in Space
BY THOMAS R. HENRI

A newly discovered, un
predictable radiation from
the sun may make manned
voyages into space forever
impossible.
This is the warning of
Comdr Malcolm r. Ross, Gel
ebrated stratosphere balloon
ist now associated with the
air research program of the
Ofhce of Naval Research.
A major hazard to human
flight into space, it has been
stressed in the past, consists
Of the two so-called Van
Allen belts of intensive radia-
ton between so and 100 miles
above the earth. Discovery of
these from rocket flights by
DR.. James Van Allen of the
University of Iowa has been
called the most important
single discovery of the Inter-
national Geophysical Year.
But, says Comdr. Ross, the
new radiation, which reaches
to within balloon distance"
Of the earth, make the haz-
ards of the Van Allen belts
pale by comparison"
The maximum of this radi-
alton, he says, reaches 10000
times what is normal for the
extreme upper atmosphere
through which any space
craft must pass.
1t is intermittent and ac-
companies great flares shot
out from the face of the sun.
1t persists from a day to
eight days. There is no way
to tell how long it will last,
or when 1t will be started
again by another flare.
Comdr. Ross himself sees no
way, with present knowledge,
of getting around the predi-
cament.
Credit for Find
He credits the discovery
jointly to physicists of the
University of Minnesota, the
University of Iowa and the
Geophysics Institute of the
University of Alaska. There
has been some notice of the
discovery in scientific jour-
nails by Drs. E. P. Ney, J. R.
Winckler and P. S FREEZER OF
the University of Minnesota
but essentially no popular
notice of it, in contrast to
the flare Of publicity which
accompanied the Van Allen
discoveries and there ha;
been hardly any interpreta-
ton of its significance
Following the Soviet moon
rocket, Comdr. Ross says, il
was widely inferred that
manned fight to the moon
and manned space flight IN
general is an event we
should expect to follow soon
as a logical next step. This is
not true.
This new radiation, which
tends to make the hazards
Of the Van Allen belts pale
by comparison, apparently
is associated with solar &C.
tivity. At the time of a giant
Evening star., 1960-01-13

ably prompt and adequate compensation
has become recognized in peaceful in
ternational relations. AS of now, the
Cuban attitude appears to be one of
complete disregard for this standard
or for the larger consideration of de-
cent relations with its own hemisphere
neighborS.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used "
letters carry ,DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtton.
Evening star., 1960-01-13

distinction to "aristocratic
California street"
The police we're asked to
stop this constant disturb
ance Of the peace but said
these children enjoyed
diplomatic immunity" This
is no longer fully the case, SO
mayhap they will now take
action. Even so, your corre-
spondent is. as ever,
Anti-FOFeiRn Aid.
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Police SIoyino

u is dreadful 10 think of
~" ~"n"'l amount of money
involved in the holdup OF the
H. dor Store in which a young
policeman died unnecessarily.
Ii his account of his actions
Private Winters. the sur
viving policeman, stated if
he had fired while in the
store he would have shot
straight into the area outside
the store. It is the most sem
Sible and courageous action
these brave policemen could
have taken.
Armchair strategists as
sumo that a pistol is an as
surance Of protection. In
truth it would be like trying
to down a rabbit hopping
past or running away. Police
men should be outside where
they can act freely. and the
penalty, mandatory when
anyone is discovered carry
ing a pistol other than a
policeman on the street or In
a car. should be FIVE to ten
years.
H. A. Sheehan.
A policeman has been
killed, another badly
wounded. A judge warns
that sitter sentences will be
the order of the day." for
speeding and reckless driv-
ing. When. we ask, will sitter.
much sitter, sentences be the
order Of the day" for these
terrible murders going on in
the Nations Capital?
Two more policemen have
been shot with their own gun.
and the day before a State
patrolman Of Virginia, while
making an arrest. had his
gun taken away from him
and the offender had to be
killed on the spot. In my
hometown likewise a police
man. while making an arrest,
had his gun grabbed by the
victim who also killed the
policeman with his own gun.
1t has been obvious to me.
or anyone who knows any
thing about carrying and
using pistols, that the police
have been asking for it" for
some time. How many more
police officers will have to die
before the Police Depart
ments will wake up and cor
rect their errors?
spent seventeen years in
the armed services and car
ried pistols among very dan
gerouS prisoners and never
once did any of them at
tempt to grab my gun. Why?
Because I carried 1t in a
holster with a flap that
covered the pistol handle and
prevented it being grabbed.
It's as simple as that.
Police officers have no need
for fast drawing. like we see
on television and movies
every day. All of their re-
quirements give them plenty
Of time to unfasten the cover
Of the holster and then draw
their revolvers. Then why
invite attack by wearing
them so exposed?
Observer.
Editors note: Police say
that Private Brereton's gun
was wrested from his hand,
not from his holSter.)
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. by
mail, to any question of fact by
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau 635 F street NV Washington
4 D c Please inclose return postage
or self-addressed stamped envelope
Evening star., 1960-01-13
Corcoron's Standards

Anti-FOreign Aid
Milford chronicle., 1960-03-11
Jaycees Complete
My True Security
Contest Plans

Plans are rapidly being complet-
ed for the Second Annual Awards
Banquet of the My True Security
Contest sponsored by the Delaware
Jaycees and set for Tuesday even
ing. April IL, z o'clock, in the Col
onial Room, New Castle.
State Chairman C. Robert God
frey has announced the names of
the judges as follows: Miss Caro-
lyn Foy, speech correctionist, Del
aware State Board of Health; Fran
els X Norton, former director Of
the Kingswood Community Center
in Wilmington, and Wilmington's 8
Young Man of 194S; Albert Phone,
manager of the Wilmington office
of the Sunday Bulletin, and Vincent
Theisen, president of the State
Board of Education, and Whining
ton attorney.
Honored guests at the banquet
will be the winners of the local
contests in the communities serv-
ed by these Jaycee chapters: Will
mington, North Brandywin
Greater Elsmere. New Castle. Mid
dletown, Clayton, Dover,
Milford, Rehoboth Beach, and Sea-
ford.
The winner of the first prize on
the state level will receive gold