davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-10-02
THE NATIONAL SCENE
The Campaign In It's Last Third

The Democratic and Repub-
lican presidential nominees
opened q busy week with their
much heralded television debate
and then resumed their State
by-State.by-jet tours in search
Of support for November 8.
There had been nine weeks Of
campaigning since the presidential
conventions and there would be
four more to come.
To inaugurate this critical last
third Of the campaign Senator
Kennedy and Vice President Nixon
opened on Monday night with the
first Of four planned Joint ap-
pearances on television. One Of
the biggest audiences In history
saw and heard them. Even so,
the number fell considerably be-
low the World Series baseball
game between the Los Angeles
Dodgers and the Chicago White
Sox last year. That one drew 80
million. The first Of the White
House "serieS" was seen by an
estimated rs million.
The principal stepping up Of the
campaign last week came from the
Republican side. President Eisen-
hover, long a backer Of his Vice
President, gave him an unequiv-
ocal Endorsement in q speech on
Thursday night. Later this month
the President will take an eight
day, 6,500-mile trip through the
Middle West and the West. It is
billed as non-political but any
advantage naturally would 60 to
Mr.. Nixon.
The Republican committees
Truth Squad" will take to the
road tomorrow ito correct Demo-
cratic distortions, misrepresenta-
tionS and cloudy logic"
Evening star., 1960-10-02

speeches. and it was indeed q
noteworthy one.
Replying spiritedly to the
charges made by Mr.. Khrushchev
that he had used his Office on
behalf of "the colonialistS and
imperialistS" in the Congo. Mr..
Hammarskjold demanded that the
independence. impartiality. and
objectivity" of his Office be upheld.
It was the office, not himself,
that was at stake, Mr.. Hammar-
skiold told the Assembly, and with
the Office went the prestige of
the U. N. itself. The defense was
a fighting one and uncompromiS-
ing in its detailed recital of the
U. N. efforts in the strife-torn
Congo. Very carefully, the Sec
retary- General documented each
move, citing the orders of the
Security Council that had served
as his directions.
The Assembly, with the Com
munist bloc abstaining, applauded
Evening star., 1960-10-02

points in the Macmillan remarks.
and twice shouted Interruptions
from his seat on the floor. He
took issue with the Briton's re-
marks on inspection and control
C"You accept our disarmament
proposals and we will accept yours
on control!'D and once again when
Mr.. Macmillan mentioned the fall
ure of the May summit meeting
c"Do not send U-2 planes; do
not Commit aggression!).
But that evening he met for
two hours with Mr.. Macmillan in
the Soviet headquarters for per-
sonal talks. Although there was
no evidence of any positive re-
suits from the conversations,
neither was there particular rea-
son for additional pessimism. One
diplomat said that it seemed that
Mr.. Macmillan had indeed rebuilt
a bridge, albeit a shaky one. be-
tween East and West which might
yet be strengthened.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
In the Congo:
M0neuVerS

President KaSavubu agreed
last week to entrust the Congo
government to a Commission
Of educated technicians as an
interim regime. "a
The seething turmoil In tha
steaming Congo Republic was a
bit calmer last week. Col. Joseph
Mobuto, the firm young chief Of
staff of the Congo army who
ousted the Russian and Czech
embassy staffs and the Soviet
technicians sent to support. Pre-
mier Patrice Lumumba's faction
in the civil strife, persuaded
President Kasavubu to approve a
specialist" commission Of ex-
perts to run the government.
Thus the Congo had two gov-
ernments instead of three. But
Mr.. Kasayubu re-emphasized his
determination to keep Mr.. Luis
mumba out of power. The Presi-
dent repeated his indorsment Of
Joseph Ileo as Mr.. Lumumba's re-
placement as Premier.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Tourists Warned

The advice to Americans living
in Cuba to send their dependents
back to the States, and the dis
couraging of tourist travel in
Castro's domain we're part of an
increasingly stiff attitude toward
the island republic which seems
every day to move closer to the
Soviet camp.
Following a new attack by Mr..
Castro on the continued use Of
Guantanamo Bay as a United
States Navy Base, Washington
made it plain that there is no in
tention of relinquishing the base,
which exists under terms of q
formal treaty.
After arriving in Havana, Pre-
mier Castro blasted the Guanta.
namo base as evidence Of the
aggression against Cuba Of the
United States, "the most war
mongering and most stupid Of
imperialisms."
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Plant Closed

The huge $110 million Nicaro
nickel plant in Cuba, built by the
United States during World War
II, was closed yesterday after
confiscatory takes were levied
against it. The Castro regime
moved quickly to intervene" the
plant, thus seizing one of the last
remaining American enterprises in
the island.
Colombia's Foreign Minister
Ayala told the General Assembly
Friday that 20 Latin American
nations stood solidly against
Soviet intervention in this hemis-
phere. A Cuban request to Moscow
for military aid would be opposed.
DR.. Ayala warned. and he scoffed
at Cuban fears that the United
States plans military aggression
against the Castro regime.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
The WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
The U Ms NeutraIs as Bridge Builders

The United Nations General
Assembly, after days Of increas-
ingIy bitter East-West cOntro-
versy, received on Friday an
appeal from five neutralist ma
tlOns for a direct Eisenhower
Khrushchev meeting.
The international forum that
has been described as mans last
best hope for peace" was a center
Of controversy last week that
seemed to emphasize how far man.
kind must yet go to achieve the
goals for which the United Ma
tions was established.
In the entire history of the
modern world, since the concept
of nationality as we know it was
first established, there have never
been so many heads-of-state and
their prime ministers assembled
in a single place. But the serious
ness of the International situation
that has brought them together has
so far been little-if any-lifted
by their presence.
Last week the ranks of the ma
tional leaders were heightened by
the arrival Of President Sukarno
of Indonesia and King Hussein Of
Jordan: they we're at least tenn
porarily diminished by the de-
parture, in a bearded blaze Of
blunt If banal rhetoric. Of Cuba's
Prime Minister Fidel Castro.
Up to Friday. the man who
seemed most likely to bring some
semblance of order and optimism
to the Assembly was British Prime
Minister Macmillan, who arrived
only last Sunday. Mr.. Macmillan,
unruffled and urbane as usual de-
spite provocations unprecedented
in the Assembly annals, did in
deed contribute substantially to
the hopes of those who continue
to expect something positive from
this highest of high-level U. N.
sessions.
But as the week. ended, the
most talked-about action was the
resolution drafted Thursday eve
ming by five "uncommitted" ma
tionS of the world. The resolution,
worked out at little summit
meeting" held at the headquarters
of the Yugoslavian delegation.
called on President Eisenhower
and Soviet Premier Khrushchev
to meet Immediately as "a first
urgent step" to reduce world ten
SionS.
Evening star., 1960-10-02

fairs and they showed balance
and dignity. What was missing
was any warm, human quality.
Mr.. Nixon's supporters thought
the cameras made him look a
little thin and weary but that he
did fine. Mr.. Kennedy's admirers
thought he did extremely well
too.
There seemed to be an obSession
on everybody's part to say who
won. Editorial writers and radio
and television editorialists gave
the honors mostly to Senator
Kennedy. This was on the grounds
that he was more aggressive, his
delivery was better and that he
was a little more at ease. Mr..
Nixon was criticized by some for
having a Slightly patronizing
air. and for allowing himself to
be placed too much on the de-
fensive at the start.
Pre-occupation with what the
men looked like. their manner Of
speech and their personal suit
ability personally to assume our
highest Office detracted from the
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Peace Efforts

Efforts made by Col. Mobuto to
effect a reconciliation and COM
promise between Mr.. Lumumba.
and Mr.. Kasavubu, at first hope
full, were apparently failing as the
week ended. A series Of moves by
the Lumumba forces, including
the beating of two members of the
new commission and a violent in
vasion of the cabinet room where
a meeting was in progress, indi-
Gated that Mr.. Lumumba had
begun a new drive to recapture
power.
The ouSted Premier is keeping
to his well-guarded residence
under the protection of Ghana
troops Of the U. N. force. Col.
Mobuto last week asked the with
Continued on Page C-3
Evening star., 1960-10-02
THE SETTING

The first of the four Great
Debates" originated in a Chicago
television studio which was grim
and totally uninspired in setting.
The two candidates sat bolt up
right in chairs so small and
streamlined as to be invisible. The
background was as stark as a pad
ded cell. The panel Of questioners
was only a row of human heads,
Evening star., 1960-10-02

Assembly address q week ago
Friday.
Seated in the great hall and
formally welcomed to the world
Council Of Nations were Senegal;
Mali: Congo Republic; Somalia;
Cyprus; Upper Volta; Republic of
Congo Cformer French Congo:
Chad; Dahomey; Gabon; Ivory
Coast; Malagasy Republic: Togo;
Nigeria; Central African Republic
and CAMERON. All until recently
have been British, French and
Belgian colonial dependencies all
but Cyprus are located in Africa.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
The Debote:
Who Won?

q. in giving an account
Of Demosthenes and Cicero, my
comparison Of their natural dis
positions and their characters
will be formed upon their ac-
tions and their lives as states
men and I shall not criticize
their orations one against the
other, to show which of the two
was the more charming or the
Evening star., 1960-10-02

July before he would consent to
talk face-to-face with Mr..
Khrushchev. There has been men
ton, also, Of "other concessions"
necessary to Q resumption Of the
person-to-perSon contact estab-
lished a year ago at Camp David
and abruptly interrupted last May
at Paris.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
The Neutral Bloc

The new members Of the United
Nations will almost certainly add
to the strength of the "uncomit-
ted" or neutralist bloc, which al
ready holds a formidable influence
on many substantive questions in
the Assembly. 1t is the Importance
of this group of nations none of
their leaders wish to be consid-
cred as members of a "bloc") that
Mr.. Khrushchev was obviously
concerned with when he loosed
his blast at colonialiSm in his
Evening star., 1960-10-02

With the admission Of an inn
posing list of new member nations
last week, the membership roster
of the U. N. now stands at 98.
This is a gain Of 16 over last
years list, and signals a major
change in the balance of voting
power in the International Or
panization.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
The Prospects

If the procedural hurdles are
cleared-a possibility not seen as
difficult unless the United States
or the Soviet Union raises some
effective Objectionable resolution
is expected to appeal to a ma
jority of the Assembly without
question. But submission Of the
neutral nations plan through
routine channels would require a
clearance by the powerful Steering
Committee, where any political
considerations by any member ma
ton could conceivably block the
resolution or amend it in such a
way as to render it meaningless.
Premier Khrushchev, since he
has been in New York, has been
somewhat coy on the subject Of a
personal meeting with Mr.. Eisen-
hover. But he has never publicly
rejected the idea. On the contrary,
he has succeeded in re-emphasiz-
ing his contention, first made last
May when the Paris summit con-
ference collapsed, that Mr.. Eisen-
hover owes him and the Soviet
people an apology for sending the
U-2 spy. plane deep into Russian
territory on May /.
On Thursday night, as he paced
in the drizzle outside the Park
Avenue headquarters of the So
Wet delegation to the U. NJ, Mr..
Khrushchev once again answered
a question as to whether he would
be willing to meet with Mr.. Eisen-
hover. "I am in New York, not
in Moscow" he quipped to the
questioning reporter.
Yesterday Mr.. Eisenhower had
so far nothing to say on the neu-
tralist nations resolution. In
Denver to attend the funeral OF
Mrs. Eisenhower's mother on Fri
day, the President was unavail-
able for comment. But his Press
Secretary, James Hagerty, told
reporters that so far as he knew
mo change" was imminent in the
Presidents policy toward a meet
ing with the Russian leader.
Mr.. Eisenhower has publicly
taken the stand that the Soviet
Union would have to release the
captured crewmen Of the Ameri-
can RB-47 reconnaissance bomber
shot down by Soviet fighters last
Evening star., 1960-10-02

more powerful speaker. For
there, as Ion says:
We are but like fish upon dry
land "-PlutGrch's LiueS.
The hesitancy Of the first Of
the worlds great biographers to
pass Judgment upon the relative
merits of two of history's greatest
orators did not apply to many
of the millions Of Americans who
saw the two of today's most IA
nous orators in action Monday
night.
Evening star., 1960-10-02
Strong Defense

Secretary General Dag Ham
marskjold. a man with a very
serious view Of his responsibilities,
believes the U. N. chief executive
should be seen and not heard,
at least publicly. But last week
he made one of his rare public
Evening star., 1960-10-02

the address with enthusiasm. Mr..
Khrushchev and Mr.. Gromyko
demonstrated their disapproval by
pounding their desks. But there
was no doubt Of the majority SEN
timent, and Mr.. Hammarskjold
left no doubt that he would re-
resign rather than imperil the
Office he holds. 80. ..
Evening star., 1960-10-02
A New Bridge

Prime Minister Macmillan on
Thursday addressed the Assembly
in what his aides and almost
everyone else called q "non-pro-
vocative" plea for harmony and
for resumption Of East-West ef-
forts toward disarmament. But
his words, however much they.
were meant to be conciliatory,
evoked a series Of violent responses
from Mr.. Khrushchev.
The Soviet Premier pounded his
desk in disapproval at several
Evening star., 1960-10-02
THE ISSUES

forgotten and only the issues left.
the debate could be summarized
like this:
THE ADMINISTRATION
KENNEDY-Says the Admin
stration has been standing still: SO
per cent of steel mill capacity un-
used, lowest rate of economic
growth of any major Industrial
ized nation, Soviets are turning
out twice as many scientists and
engineers as we are, teachers are
inadequately paid and some schools
are operating in part-time shifts.
He would make more use of pres
ent powers of the Government to
advance the country's strength.
iNIXON-Says we haven't been
Continued on Page CA
Evening star., 1960-10-02

Secretary Of Stote Herter and Ambassador
WodswoTth. Drawn at the q. N. by Oscar Bergs
Evening star., 1960-10-30
. FREE DECORATOR COUNSEL.

Our trained decorators will be happy to discuss
any decorating problem with you whether you
buy suite or just q chair. Take advantage of
their know how" call for an appointment No
obligation, of course
Evening star., 1960-01-10

"Keepnga is
::
Prudent eisan
Prudent children the
ereduct tsanor nanyH
dbyTh ouandyo
-
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20
Helpful Tips on
Spring Flowers

Spring is on its way when
spring Towering bulbs appear in
bleak, barren looking flower
beds. These bulbs bring an
abundance of color to gardens
when few other plants are in
bloom.
MIR. Robert Stevens, extension
horticultural, University of Del
aware, recommends that you
select now the bulbs you will
plant this fall for spring bloom.
Some of the many types of
bulbs available are daffodils,
tulips, hyacinths, bulb iris and
crocuses. They all come in a
variety of colors.
To select bulbs of high quail
ity, Mr.. Stevens suggests these
helpful tips:
Know the colors and sizes of
the bulbs and the places they
grow best. Choose colors and
sizes that will harmonic with
the rest of your garden.
Domestic bulbs are equally as
good as imported bulbs, but
make sure the bulbs are heal
thy. Diseased bulbs will APP
pear moldy, discolored or soft
and rotted.
Buy your bulbs from a reput-
able dealer whom you know
sells high quality merchandise.
You usually get just what you
pay for. Low priced bulbs are
most always low in quality. In
expensive, packaged mixtures
may contain high quality bulbs
but there may also be an over
abundance of a color you don't
want. Buy specific colors or
varieties to make sure you get
the colors and varieties you de-
sire.
Spring Towering bulbs must
have time to develop roots be-
fore cold weather sets in. Del
awareans should plant bulbs
some time during September OF
October. Although early plant
ing is better, daffodiIs may be
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20
Women Granted
Right to Vote
Forty Years Ago

Forty years ago the U. S. was
groaning under the same thumb
ering oratory and rolling band
wagons that comprise a presi-
dental election campaign, with
one hair-r a SIM difference
women were about to cast their
vote for the first time on a
nationwide scale.
Harassed men of politics had
let down their guard and re-
gardless of whether women
might become desexed or turn
politics into a morality play, as
opponents of feminism charged,
they were going to have their
say.
It wasn't the first time wom-
en- had voted, however, reports
World Book Encyclopedia.
Congress had left the decision
to the states and New Jersey at
first permitted its women to
vote. But the men had second
thoughts and the state took
back the privilege in 1907.
AS women joined the labor
force in the new factories, and
began to help men fight for
temperance and the abolition of
slavery, they gained a forum
to air their pet peeve.
A meeting at Seneca Falls, N.
Y, which has been called the
first woman suffrage convention
in the U. S., stirred public dis
cussion in 1848.
Two years later reformers,
male and female, from the en-
tire country assembled at Wor-
cester, Mass, as the Woman's
Rights Convention.
The crusade was in full swing
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20
Clubs Organize,
Name Officers

Many clubs of the John Bas-
sett Moore High School held
their organizational meetings
last week during the newly in
stituted club period. The fol-
lowing students were elected to
various positions in the clubs
indicated:
The Future Farmers of America-Pres-
ldent. Gordon Reed; Vice president. Thorn
as Schmidt: Secretary. Karl Severson !;
Thomas McDougal Sentinel. William
Yorker: Advisor. Mr.. Price.
Future Nurses Club-President, Carol
Simmons: Vice President. Joyce Thomp-
sen: Secretary. Mildred Kreck; Treasur-
er. Doris Camper; Sunshine Girl, Bever-
y Start; Historian. Cheryl Wisniewsli I;
Advisor. Mrs. Sparr.
Future Teachers of America-President
Barbara Dunning; Vice President. Mar
lene Konschak; Secretary, Barbara Fort
ner: Treasurer. Jeanne Gilmore; Core
spending Secretary. Patricia Rebar; His
torian. Cathy Graden; Advisor, Mr.. Larg-
ent.
Leaders Corp-President. Brandon Jones
tary. Karen Kraus Advisors, Miss Reed
and Mr.. Horney.
STANDARDIZATION, James Fischer; Advis-
or. Miss Moffitt.
Library Club-President, Nicholas Ros-
clio: Vice President. Robert Pritchard
Secretary. Clara Anne Jones; Treasurer.
Carol Gordon.
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20

when the adoption of the Fiji
teenth Amendment divided the
forces of reform.
The radicals, led by Susan B.
Anthony and Elizabeth Cady
Stanton, opposed the amendment
because it gave the vote to Ne
gro men but not to women.
They organized the National
Woman Suffrage Association.
A more moderate group found
ed the American Woman Suffr-
age Association and concentrate
ed on persuading the states
rather than the federal govern
ment to grant voting rights to
women.
In 1872 the determined Miss
Anthony was arrested for vot-
ing and her trial focused wide
attention on the feminist fight.
Several states granted woman
suffrage in the 1905 and 9TH
ers began to take the idea more
seriously. AT the same time,
the suffragists reunited in the
National American Woman Suf-
frage Association and prepared
for the big push.
Their chance came wit h
World War / and the expanding
role of women.
Militant womanhood descend
ed on Washington, D. c. They
paraded through the capital,
picketed the White House and
carried on hunger strikes in Jail.
In 1917 a woman suffrage
amendment to the Constitution
was submitted to the House OF
Representatives. The pressure
was stepped up and in 1915
wv drow Wilson personally
went before a joint session OF
Congress to urge passage.
Congress took action and the
last of the necessary three.
fourths of the states approved
the Nineteenth Amendment in
August, 1920, just in time fol-
the presidential election.
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20

planted as late as January if
the ground is not frozen.
The depth at which bulbs are
planted is very important. Plant
crocus, glory-of-the-snow and
grape-hyacinth bulbs two inch
es below the surface of the
ground. Iris can be set three
inches deep; hyacinths, four in
ches; tulips, six to seven in
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20
parents on the Run Topic Of Meeting
To Discuss Modern Family Problems

Don't let your child rule you
like a tryant of old" say Mar
guerite and Willard Beecher,
family counselors from New
York City, who will speak at
Dover High School Auditorium
on Friday night, November 4th,
at 8 p. m. Admission is free,
and parents and teachers, in
deed families, are cordially in
vited to attend. The Beechers
will discuss solutions for fam
lily and classroom problems that
plague Americans in this mod
ern age.
The Beechers, who are witty
and amusing speakers, as well
as being fortnight and practi-
cal in their approach to i'm
provement of troublesome fam
lily and school situations, will
use as their topic the title of
their best-selling book, Parents
On the Rum" Some of the in
triguing chapter headings are:
Parents Have Rights, Too"
'Booby Traps for Parents"
what Price Salvation" who's
Retarded2" "There Are Little
Terrorist in Our Midst" along
with others equally provoca-
tive). MIR. and Mrs. Beecher,
psychologists and counselors on
human relations, conduct the
Beecher Counselling Service. AS
students of Alfred Adler, they
utilize the amazingly practical
and useful concepts and prac-
tees regarding family relation
ships and child-rearing so we'll
phrased in layman's language by
this great psychiatrist.
The. book, Parents On the
Run, and books by DR.. Rudolf
Dreikrus, also based on Adler
ian theory and practice, Psyche.
logy in the Classroom, and
Challenge of Parenthood, are
available from the Delaware
State Library at Dover. They
may also be purchased at the
Smyrna times., 1960-10-20

meeting on the night of No
vember 4th.
The State Board of Educa-
ton, Division of Child Develop
ment and Guidance, Subcommit-
tee on Mental Health in the
Public Schools of the Advisory
Council on Mental Health has
organized the meeting, which is
also sponsored by the local and
state PTA organizations, the
Delaware State Education AS
ISOLATION, and the Mental Health
Association.
Reserved seat tickets, also
free, good unit 7::45 p. M, may
be obtained from the Division
of Child Development and Guild
Iance, Committee members, and
the larger schools throughout
Kent and Sussex Counties.