davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Name on Debate List
Poses Senate Mystery

ator Douglas name was written
on the list by Senator MCGEE,
Democrat of Wyoming. who
preceded him in the chair.
But Senator MCGEE said he
hadn't written in Senator
Douglas name ahead of Sen
ator Russell's, adding any ex-
pert in handwriting could verify
this. Senator Young said he
hadn't done it either.
Confession Good"
G. o. P. Leader Dirksen ex-
pounded on the thesis that
confession is good for the soul
Il would not like to see this
become a matter for the FBI, "
he said, urging whoever in
serted Senator Douglas name
on the list to say so openly.
Majority Leader johnson
said he had inquired among the
Senate clerks and other at
taches and they had told him
they did not know who was
guilty.
Senator Douglas. who hac
not been present during these
efforts to unravel the mystery
suddenly arrived in the cham
ber.
II feel guiltless," Senator
Douglas said, and added that
any handwriting expert coulc
tell that someone else had writ.
ten in his name because it was
in a legible script.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

innocent person; if they must
decide prematurely to release
a person. they may be releas-
ing a guilty one, the court said.
In his dissent, Judge Fahy
protested that the case was a
classic illustration" of a vio-
lation of the Federal Rules of
Criminal Procedure, which pro-
vide that the arresting officer
shall take the arrested person
without unnecessary delay be-
fore a magistrate.
Court Visit Cited
The officers left headquarters
twice during the questioning to
go to court on other business,
the judge noted. They could
just as well have taken the
defendants along to be ar
raigned as required by the Fed
eral rules, the judge said.
No additional information
except the confessions was OBJ
tained during the five hours
between the arrest and ar
raignment, the judge said.
The judge also pointed out
that the attorney appointed to
advise the defendants at the
arraignment quickly vanished
from the scene" and did not
appear to be aware Of his cli-
ents' previous illegal confess
sions.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
RADE

Continued From First Page
competition in export financ-
ing arrangements" the Presi-
dent said, "the Export-Import
Bank will inaugurate a new
program of guarantees of non
commercial risks for short
term export credits. The bank
also will expand and improve
its existing credit facilities for
medium term export transac-
tions."
Mr.. Eisenhower emphasized
that Government promotion
Hcan be effective only to the
extent that it stimulates and
encourages private business
efforts to expand sales abroad -
He said the Secretary OF
Commerce and other Govern
ment officials are enlisting the
efforts Of business leaders to
organize an export drive BY
business.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
RIGHTS
South ProIones
Debate in House

to use either the plan for Fed
eral court appointment of vot-
ing referees or the Civil Rights
Commission recommendation
for presidentially appointed
Federal officers to enroll quail
fed citizens if their voting
rights we're denied on the basis
of race.
And Mr.. Celler said he will
introduce later a section to ban
the poll tax in Federal elec-
tions.
Such a move certainly would
bring an attempt by Southern
ers to have the amendment de-
clared out of order. Apparently
they had a good chance of
sustaining an objection that
poll taxes are too remote a sub
iect to be included with the
main purposes of the bill.
Emphasizing again that he
regards protection of voting
rights as the heart of the civil
rights bill, Senate Democratic
Leader Johnson said today
there are many Senators who
would like to include other
provisions. But he expressed
doubt that there are very many
who would Insist on nothing
at all unless they can get every
thing they want"
President Eisenhower said at
his news conference yesterday
he still favors the seven point
civil rights bill introduced in
the Senate by Republican
Leader Dirksen. He declared,
however, he primarily wants a
moderate and reasonable meas
ure and will take the best he
can get from Congress.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
By the Associated Press

The Senate has a whodunit
on it's hands. There is talk
about calling in the FBI and
consulting handwriting experts.
Pleas also were made by the
leaders of both parties for con-
fession of guilt, but no one
stepped forward. Instead,
there were denials all around.
1t all related to a piece of
paper kept on the presiding
officers desk listing, in order,
the Senators who had re-
quested they be recognized to
speak.
Russell's Complaint
Senator Russell, Democrat of
Georgia, said that Tuesday
someone wrote in the name of
Senator Douglas, Democrat of
Illinois, ahead Of his, after he
had gotten on the list first.
"An act unworthy of any
employe or any member of the
Senate" said Senator Russell,
who was miffed when Senator
Douglas was recognized ahead
of him.
Il came into the Senate at a
time when members tried to
treat each other as gentlemen,
and still try TO follow that
habit" the Georgian said.
Senator Young, Democrat OF
Ohio, who had been presiding
said he had assumed that Sen
Evening star., 1960-03-17
RIGHTS
Continued From First Page

COntinued FROM FIST rage
q Federal enrolment officer
plan for the voting referee plan.
The successful provisional
voting amendment presented by
Representative OHara, Demo-
crat of Michigan, did not affect
the substance of the proposed
voting referee amendment to the
civil rights measure. 1t pro-
vides that when a person claim
ing deprivation of voting rights
files an application 20 days or
more before an election, a Fed
eral court must enter an order
emitting him to vote provision
ally if the application was still
unsettled on election day. Such
ballots then would be i'm
pounded pending court determi-
nation of the application.
If such an application were
fled in less than 20 days be-
fore an election, the court could
exercise discretion as to wheth-
er an applicant should be per-
mitted to vote Professionally.
Not all of the expected at
tempts to further amend
the bill are to be made
by Southerners. Representa-
tive Roosevelt, Democrat of
California, who earlier this
week sought adoption of the
Federal enrolment officer plan,
said he might submit an
amendment today incorporating
a proposal by Senators Javits.
Republican of New York, and
Clark, Democrat of Pennsyl-
vania.
This would give the Attorney
General discretionary authority
Evening star., 1960-03-17
IMMIGRATION
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
race and ethnic group making
up the United States popula-
ton.
The President urged aban-
doning this concept, and sub
stituting as the base for COM
putting immigration quotas the
number of immigrants actually
accepted from each area be-
tween 1924 and 1859.
Quota Base Explained
In other words" he told
Congress. the increase in the
quota for Italy, for example,
would not be based upon a
percentage Of a so-called Ital-
ian ethnic group within our
country, but upon a percentage
Of actual immigration from
Italy between 1924 and 1859. ."
Mr.. Eisenhower also proposed
that immigration quotas not
fully used by some countries
should be redistributed among
countries in which the number
OF applicants for immigration
exceeded the quota limit. He
said this distribution should be
IN proportion to the quotas of
the over-subscribed countries.
In addition to liberalizing
the regular immigration quotas,
the President urged that Con-
gress authorize the parole into
this country Of refugees from
oppression-people forced to
fee from their homes because
of persecution or fear of perse-
cution based upon race, reli-
gion or political opinions.
/ Alternatives Possible
| The President said that if
Congress should enact liberal
izations of our immigration law
that are constructive" he would
be glad to approve them even
If they differed from his spe-
ciflc recommendations.
The President said immigra- :
ton to this country should be
ENCOURAGED Ito the extent pos
sible without dislocating the
lives Of those already living
here"
He asserted that America S
position IN the world is dramat-
ically demonstrated by the
simple truth that here, more
than any other place, hundreds
iof thousands of people each
year seek to enter and establish
their homes and raise their
children"
He added that he believes
liberalization of the immigra-
tion law could be accomplished
best by leaving immigration
policy subject to flexible stand
ards. But he said he realizes
that such a departure from
the past is unlikely now" even
though he believes the time is
ripe for serious consideration
OF such a move.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Ethics Probers
Get Ford Views
On Hospitality
BY ROBERT z. CLARK
Star STAFF Writer

Frederick w. Ford, new chair
man of the Federal Communi-
cations Commission, assured
congressional investigators yes
terday that he would be able
to recognize any improper hos
pitality offered by a broad
caster.
But neither Mr.. Ford nor
members of the House Com
merce Committee could come
up with a definition for the
unusual hospitality that
would be prohibited under a
proposed law covering the FEC
and other regulatory agencies.
The law would be designed
to cover cases such as that of
former FEC ChairmanvJohn c.
Dcerfer, vino resigned last week
after disclosures that he had
spent six nights aboard the
yacht of a friend who owned
chain of radio-TV stations.
IF someone would tender
certain hospitality to me I
would have a subjective reac-
ton that this is improper or
that it is proper" Mr.. Ford
told the committee. He said
further guidelines from Con-
gress might be helpful, how
ever.
Unusual hospitality" could
mean something altogether diff
ferent to a man of wealth and
to a poor man, he suggested.
His questioners were lacking
in suggestions, except for Rep
reSentative Avery, Republican
Of Kansas. who said it might be
a good idea to bar officials of
regulatory agencies from ac-
cepting any hospitality, usual
or unusual.
You're either going to have
hospitality or you're not going
to have any hospitality" he
declared.
Mr.. Ford pointed out that
this would still leave the ques-
ton of defining hospitality"
He would hate to see such a
rule, he said. if it meant
an FEC commissioner couldn't
even let someone in the broad
casting industry light a ciga-
rette" for him.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

a series of navigation and
fishery rules but failed to reach
agreement on the limit of ter
ritorial waters and exclusive
offshore fishing rights.
The disagreement was mainly
between the traditional sea-
faring nations. which sought
to maintain the old 3-mlle
limit, and the Soviet bloc. Ice
land and many of the African
Asian and Latin American
countries which sought to eX-
tend the limit to IL miles or
beyond.
Soviet Bloc Objects
Most of the brief opening
session was taken up by Soviet
bloc protests against the fail
ure to invite Red China, East
Germany, North Korea and
North Wet Nam.
The 3-mile limit has been gen.
orally accepted since the time
of sailing vessels and naval
guns that could not shoot that
far. But more and more
smaller and younger countries
have pushed their sea borders
beyond that limit, both for
security reasons and to keep
foreign trawlers from offshore
fishing grounds.
The insistence TO many coun-
tries forced the leading mari
time nations to drop the prin-
ciple of the Smile limit in
favor of a United States
British compromise proposal
s miles for territorial waters
and II miles for exclusive
fishing rights.
Revised Proposal Expected
This failed to receive a two
thirds majority from the con-
ference two years ago. 1t is
expected to be resubmitted in
'evised form.
The Soviet Union favors
Evening star., 1960-03-17
HIGHWAYS
Continued From First Page

u OAh II Al 81 az
Planning Commission unsuc-
cessfully sought approval of a
corridor through Bethesda,
along the present Wisconsin
avenue.
The National Capital Plan
ming Commission had proposed
that the Route 240 freeway be
brought into the District at
Western avenue. down Wis
consin avenue to the Tilden
street area, then routed east
over Rock Greek Park to a
connection with the Inner Loop
expressway.
Favored by Maryland
The Wisconsin avenue corri-
dor also is favored by Maryland
highway officials. They con-
sistently have resisted pro-
posals for other routes.
District highway officials had
been studying the possibility of
bringing Route 240 traffic east
from Pooks Hill on the circum-
ferential to a connection at the
District line and Silver Spring
This route would then proceed
south on the proposed North
Central freeway east of Rock
Creek Park to a connection with
the Inner Loop in the Eighth
and T streets area of North
west Washington.
Mr.. Aitken said he and Mr..
Tallamy also discussed a Dis
trict connection to the third
route to Baltimore. Mr.. Aitken
said this route, which will run
through Northeast Washing
ton, would be on the interstate
system. He said it would re-
place sections of Kenilworth
and New York avenues. which
would be shifted to the primary
road system.
The net effect of this change
is that the third route to Bal
timore connection would qualify
for Federal aid amounting ia
80 per cent of the cost oi
acquiring land and building the
freeWay. Cities receive so pei
cent Federal aid on construc-
ton of primary roads.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

letting each country set it's
own territorial limits within a
3 to l2-mile range. The United
States feels that would amount
to a l2-mile limit.
Since the last maritime con-
ference. Iran and Panama have
pushed their sea borders out
toward the 12-mile nit. Brit
ain has granted Denmark ex-
elusive fishing rights in a g.
mile belt around the Farce
Islands.
Iceland triggered fish war"
with Britain by extending its
territorial waters from 3 to II
miles in 1858. Britain, whose
boats pioneered fishing in Ice
landic waters, refused to rec
ognize the limit and sent naval
vessels to protect trawlers fish,
ing up to the old limit Of 3
miles from the Icelandic coast.
The British trawlers and their
Navy protectors have with
drawn for the duration Of the
conference.
Claim Up to 200 Miles
Chile. FL Salvador and Peru
claim sovereign rights up to
distances of 200 miles. At
least IA countries claim l2-mile
limits and IA others with mar
rover territorial belts, among
them Canada, claims exclusive
fishing rights up to 20 miles
out.
The four conventions adopted
at the last conference codifed
the framework Of a future uni
versal maritime law. They are
/. The right of innocent pas
sage of foreign ships through
territorial waters and straits
used for international naviga-
ton.
2. Rules Of the high sea. in
Guiding action against piracy
and slave trade. These rules
also provide for a genuine
link" between a ship and the
nation whose flag she flies.
3. Measures for fishery con-
servation on the high seas.
4. Exclusive right of a coastal
nation to explore and exploit
resources on the offshore ocean
bed up to any distance from its
coast where the continental
shelf is no deeper than 200
meters 1855 feet).
Evening star., 1960-03-17
MALLORY
MALLORY
Court Ruling Seen
Aiding Police Work

two masked men beat her over
the head and took her purse
containing S345 as she was
leaving the grocery she and her
husband operated at $500 Wade
road Sc.
Police picked up the men
around 1890 pm. They were
taken to police headquarters
and questioned intermittently
by detectives. There were de-
lays in the questioning because
the officers had other duties to
perform.
The defendants confessed at
1886 pm. and were arraigned
at $50 pm. The Municipal
Court judge appointed an at
torney to advise them of their
right to remain silent and
warned them that any state
ments made by them could be
used against them.
Questioning Permitted
After preliminary hearing.
the judge permitted police to
question them further. The
defendants then reaffirmed
their earlier confessions. Judge
Burger noted that they further
incriminated themselves by
voluntarily re-enacting the
crime.
District Court Judge Edward
M. Curran ruled out the pre-
arraignment confession but
admitted into evidence the later
admissions.
The jury disregarded the de-
PENDANTS claims that they had
been beaten and terrorized
during the questionings. Judge
Curran sentenced each to serve
from 2 to 7 years.
Most of the delay before
arraignment was inescapale,
the appellate court held. The
defendants had protested that
police violated the Mallory de-
cision with unnecessary de-
lay"
When such a plea is made
Judge Burger said. I'VE must
examine in detail all the cir
cumstances surrounding it,
taking into consideration the
manner in which interrogation
was conducted. the length OF
time involved and particularly
the purposes which the police
had in conducting their in
quiry, if the purposes can be
diScerned. We must not forget
that Interrogation is not an
evil per sc but an absolute ne
cessity and that it often leads
to releases. not charges"
Investigation Necessary
1t is important that police
investigate thoroughly the
slight information they may
have before deciding whether
a man should be arraigned or
released, the court said. Evil
dence necessary to permit ar
rest is significantly less than
the amount necessary to charge
a person with a crime, the
court declared.
Therefore. it would be "ab-
surd" that all questioning be
deferred until after arraign-
ment, the court said. If police
are forced to charge a person
on incomplete information
they may irreparably injure an
Evening star., 1960-03-17
Invites RoyuI Couple

NIAGARA FALLS. Ontario,
Mar. II tAP) Mayor Frank
lin j. Miller has invited Prin-
cess Margaret and her fiance,
Antony Armstrong Jones. to
spend their honeymoon here.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
PONS
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
26th Of July movement-which
is not the property of the
Castro brothers and which they
have betrayed in a most real
manner-was not given birth
in order to implant commu-
nism in Cuba"
Message to Cuban People
The reference was to Prime
Minister Castro and his brother.
Raul. head of the Cuban de-
ferse establishment.
Comdr. Pons' speech was. in
effect. a message to the people
Of Cuba. In resigning, he said
he accused his government Of
foollng the Cuban public.
The people of Cuba should
know once and for all that
Fidelismo is a mask behind
which hides international COM
munism," he said. People who
would not dare work openly for
communism today are doing it
under the guise of aiding FL
delismo, fooling the countries
of America.
In order to carry out this
enormous betrayal of the West
ern world of which he forms
a part. Fidel Castro has elimi-
mated from the political and
administrative duties the real
and genuine values of the 26th
of July movement.
Says Basic Laws Shifted
THE laws which were funda-
mentally basic within the demo-
cratic organization and which
were created for its cause have
been modified for the benefit
Of international communism. "
The naval officer, who has
been on duty here for about
a year, charged the Castro
regime has destroyed founda-
tionS OF the Cuban Republic
by running private capital, ex-
propriating tillable land. con-
f1scating industry and inciting
conflict among various classes
of society.
He accused Prime Minister
Castro OF destroying reputa-
tionS and values. renouncing
history, communicating juvenile
conscience. creating labor and
farm militiaS and suppressing
the free press.
He predicted it will not be
long before the Cuban people
recognize ''the tremendous
error" of believing in the prom
ises Of Mr.. Castro.
Evening star., 1960-03-17

question of complete and gen.
real disarmament is the most
important one facing the world
today"
Questions Asked
The Polish and Czechoslo-
vakia delegations showed some
interest in mechanics of the
Western plan. asking seven
questions about operating pro-
cedures. These we're:
/. What does the proposed
international disarmament Or
ganization do, particularly in
the early stages of disarma-
ment?
2. For the storage Of arms
in the early stages. who would
hold the keys?
3. What is the purpose oi
seeking information about ma
tional military budgets?
4. What do the Western pow
ers have in mind concerning
the liquidation of foreign
bases?
S. What is the Western posi-
ton on the need to cut down
general stats and military
training programs?
6. What is the Western time
table concerning the banning
of nuclear weapons?
7. What provision is made
for the destruction Of nucleal
stockpiles, and who would be
responsible for converting such
stocks to peaceful uses?
Replies to Be Made
Mr.. Eaton did not attempt
to answer these questions. but
described them as useful. Brit
ish sources said the Western
delegations will reply in due
course.
British Minister Of State
David Ormsby-Gore told yester-
days session that a general
agreement is urgently neces-
sary to make sure nuclear-
armed space vehicles are never
put into orbit by anyone"
He raised the spector of a
satellite loaded with bombs
that could be directed at any
target on earth by electronic
signals. placing all mankind
under constant threat of OBJ
liberation.
Such a weapon has yet to
be developed but he warned it
could come within 10 years.
Evening star., 1960-03-17
86-Notion Conference
Opens on Coast Limits

GENEVA, Mar. II (AP).-An 86-nation United Nations
conference to seek how far
sovereignty extends opened here today.
Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thaiand unanimously
elected chairman of the monthong conference presided
over previous law conference which