davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1960-11-08

infirmity made him seem
more mature than that. Ac-
tually. Theodore Roosevelt is
the only President in this
century who has seemed a
synonym for youthful vigor.
With the chronological age
factor has been coupled the
passiryy Of q generation. The
key Political figures Of the
deprei sion and World War II
eras are departing at an
accelerating rate. which is
becoming ever more obvious.
For many Of them their great
contributions are in the past
and their future use could
be only ceremonial.
Whatever ones personal
loyalties. Vice President Nix
on's proposal to use Mr..
Eisenhower and former Presi-
dents Hoover and Truman is
therefore essentially phony.
Senator Kennedy has icily
rejected it as such and had
already indicated that the
most arduous kind Of home
work was in store for anyone
who works for him. Consider
ing the manner in which he
has not spared himself in his
whole campaign, his potential
aides cannot say they were
not warned.
Evening star., 1960-11-08

Now that the American
election campaign Is over, the
issue Of peace or war be-
comes paramount In the
world today. The Soviet Un-
ion has been waiting for the
outcome Of the campaign to
determine just what its next
move viii be.
The theory of the Soviets
is that basically the West is
disunited and militarily un-
prepared for the kind of lin
tied war, rather than nuclear
war. which Moscow would
risk.
There are plenty Of issues
on which q crisis can be built.
The status of West Berlin is
one Of them. It has always
been felt here that when the
next big break came between
the East and West. the So
viets would simultaneously
step up their activities, not
only in the Far East and AZ
rica. but in Cuba and Latin
America, so as to provide the
maximum amount Of en-
barrassment for the United
States and its allies.
The Soviet strategy, of
course. has been developed in
what is known as the cold
war as o means Of securing
Communist objectives with
out taking the risk Of mill
tary action. The idea is to
bluff the West into making
concessions, on the theory
that the Western alliance will
give in rather than allow
even q limited war to be
brought on.
The situation in the West
has gradually deteriorated in
the last few months. Perhaps
the biggest single encourage
ment that has been given the
Soviets is what has taken
place in Great Britain, where
the British Labor Party is
split wide open. One faction
is insistent that bases not be
granted to the United States
In Europe, and the other is
standing by America, but in
dicationS are that the So
called left wing Is making
progress by appealing to the
pacifiSt sentiments Of the
population. Having been
Evening star., 1960-11-08

Tnere was considerable In
terest recently in a curious
proposal that is described as
an important contribution to
keeping the peace. Both Vice
President Nixon and Senator
Kennedy have publicly In
dorsed the scheme, as has
Soviet Premier Nikita Khru-
shchev.
The proposal Is ingenious.
ly simple: Install q special
telephone line, open at all
times. between the White
House and the Kremlin.
With such O line. which
would be connected through
existing facilities Of all types
to insure dependable opera
ton. the President Of the
United States could, by
merely lifting the instrument
from its cradle. set bells ring
ing and lights flashing in
Moscow. The Soviet bosses
could do the same In calling
Washington.
The reasoning behind the
plan is based on the ever
present. feasibility Of "acci-
dental r. For example,
a missile fired toward the
South Atlantic target range
might 60 astray, through
some malfunction Of its COM
plicated guidance system,
and land in Communist ter
ritory. With the nuclear
world geared for instant re-
taliation, 1t is pointed out,
total war could be triggered
by just such an accidental
firing.
Missiles have certainly
been known to do this sort
Of thing, although none as
yet have landed in dangerous
territory. Mr.. Khrushchev
Is said to have told Mr..
Nixon during the latter's visit
to the Soviet Union that one
Russian rocket went astray
in a test firing and nearly
hit Alaska.
The telephone line would
make 1t possible, then. to re-
port very promptly, before it
was too late, any such wan
dering missiles on the wing
toward the wrong target.
Thus. when the White House
called to tell the Kremlin
that I'VE didn't mean to do
it." the Soviets could say
ok, old chap" and call of
the retaliation-or vice versa.
versa.
AS a promotion gimmick
and a publicity stunt, this
proposal bears the marks of
genius. AS q contribution,
however. toward world peace,
1t is strictly for the birds.
Until the reasons for firing
disappear. the danger Of war
Evening star., 1960-11-08

cratic presidential candidate
said in a campaign speech.
II think there Is q news
paper publisher somewhere in
the United States who has less
regard for the truth. but I can't
think Of his name"
Mr.. Loeb replied that Mr..
Kennedy Is lacking in the basic
dignity we expect Of a Presi-
dent Of the United States"
Kennedy is q liar" he con-
tinued, because he knows that
this newspaper has repeatedly
praised his war record and his
patriotism.
What made Kennedy lose
his temper tonight was the fact
that this newspaper has also
printed Senator Kennedy's vot-
ing record in which he con-
siStently supported bills which
would assist and favor the
Communists" Mr.. Loeb said.
Evening star., 1960-11-08
Soviet Moves Believed Held Up
For Outcome of u. S. Elections

through two terrible wars,
the British people are eager
to avoid q third. Again paci-
f1sm Is doing In Britain what
1t did before each of the two
major conflicts-it is seeking
to prevent Britain from get
ting the necessary protection,
and it is also conveying to
the enemy the impression
that Britain will not fight, or
at least will do almost any
thing to avoid a war.
In France the situation is
likewise complicated by Com
munist intrigue and partisan
mischief. It Is acknowledged
that the Communists have
been behind much of the
trouble in North Africa, and
that they have managed not
only to produce divisions in
side France but also have
succeeded In increasing the
expense Of the Paris govern
ment in Algeria.
The situation in Italy is
still one Of irreconcilable
conflict between the COM
munists and anti -Commu-
nists, but perhaps the big
gest gains have been made
by the Communists through
out Latin America.
The big question mark,
however, is what will the
United States do about It
all? Both candidates In the
presidential campaign prom
ised q more vigorous assertion
Of American policy. But the
details were not specified.
Both nominees indicated
they would like to talk fur
ther with Nikita Khrushchev.
This has been interpreted
abroad as meaning that
there will be more and more
parleys before the real crisis
will develop. The time will
come, however, when Premier
Khrushchev will decide to
test Americas resolution and
the effectiveness Of her lead
ership in the world.
The climax is not expected
to come at once, but Ger
tainly within the next year
the people Of the United
States will have to make UP
their minds whether they
wish to prepare for real sac
rifices and face sternly the
Evening star., 1960-11-08
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Woshington-Moscow Phone Setup Held
Good Theory but No Advance for Peace

will be undiminished. No
telephone line or any similar
notification" plan will in any
way lessen the threat Of war
so long as there remains
in the world a single aggressor
willing to take a risk to gain
his desired ends.
History certainly ought to
prove the point. There was
once a time when the rules"
of civilized international re-
lations required that war be
formally declared before
hostilities began. In practice,
at least 48 hours was sup
posed to elapse between the
final ultimatum and the
formal declaration of war.
But since 1905. not q sim
gle major war has begun
with respect for the old
traditions. In that year. ia
pan attacked the Russians
at Port Arthur, in Man
churia, without warning. The
advantage gained by that
sneak attack won the en-
suing war for the Japanese.
Since then, the surprise
attack has been the rule, not
the exception. No responsible
military man in the world to-
day would dream Of tele-
graphing his punch to an ad-
versary, and the political
leaders and the diplomats
have certainly gone along
with that practical view.
Certainly we can recall
1941, when Kurusu and No
mura were actually in Sec
retary Of State Hull's office,
on a peace" mission, when
the japanese swooped down
that Sunday morning on a
somnolent Pearl Harbor. The
next time it will be the same,
whatever the nations in
volved.
Sir Winston Churchill
once remarked that the
American Civil War was the
last war fought between
gentlemen" That war took
place almost q century ago.
Apparently as mankind pro-
crosses in many ways he re-
crosses in morals and con-
duct almost equally as fast.
The element of surprise in
nuclear warfare is even more
important than in conven-
Evening star., 1960-11-08
RALPH McGILL

In the last great push in
New York, the Republican
Party campaign paraded It's
top-flight leaders - President
Eisenhower, Vice President
Nixon, Gov. Nelson Rookie
feller and Henry Cabot Lodge,
nominee for the vice presi-
dency.
There were the inevitable
jeering queries: Where is
Barry Goldwater?"
The Senator was not in
vited. In New York he is a
liability. The Senator has
been used in the more iso-
lated and conservative areas
in the South, dined and ad--
mired by the ultraconserva-
tive interests.
But he was not called upon
to do battle in the large
States where there are two
parties and where issues are
alive and not confined like a
mummy in the wrappings of
anti-civil rights and anti
labor campaigns. AS a part of
this parade of the Republi-
can Party, it might be noted
that on the same day Mr..
Nixon was seeking labor
votes in the East, his repre-
sentatives in Georgia were
attempting to damage the
Democratic State committee
by charging it had received a
labor contribution. It is
usually the Democrats who
are troubled with inconsis-
tency.
In New York the Vice Presi-
dent had to turn to Gov.
Rockefeller, who had forced
a areversal of the national con-
vention platform committees,
and to President Eisenhower.
who had at the same time
been angered by Mr.. Rookie
feller's demands for a more
realistic national defense
plank.
1t was a good show of party
unity, but it also revealed
why Mr.. Nixon's course has
been a difficult one. II he
Evening star., 1960-11-08
Failure to Evolve Modern RepubIiconism
Expected to Build Up Westerner

is defeated. a substantial por-
ton of the explanation will
lie in this failure of the Re-
publican administration to
carry out its program.
What did become Of mod
ern Republicanism?"
Why was it that at the con-
vention of 1860 it was not a
modern Republican who was
the sentimental hero, but one
OF the more reactionary right,
a man who frankly states he
is far to the right of the late
Senator Taft's political phil
osophy?
MIR. Eisenhower seemed to
forget who it was he had to
fight to win the 1852 nomi-
nation. He knew at the time
OF the dramatic convention
which nominated him in a
great drama in which the
party's credentials commit
tee was overthrown and Els
enhoWer delegates seated to
replace those pledged to SEN
ator Taft.
There was an emotional
pledge to build a progressive
party. The 1856 convention
was founded on a pledge of
modern Republicanism."
Yet, in the New York ap-
pearance the one man in
the G. o. P. parade who had
demonstrated his adherence
to that pledge was Gov.
Rockefeller. And because of
this, he presently is ana
thema to much of the party
leadership which sought to
prevent Mr.. Eisenhower's
nomination in 1852.
Both the Vice President
and Mr.. Lodge likely qualify
as modern Republicans. But
failure Of the administration
to remake the party imposed
upon them restrictions which
made it impossible for them
to say as much. Also, it is
evident. with Senator Gold
water occupying SO formid-
able a position. the G. Q. p,
Evening star., 1960-11-08
ChiId-ReIief
Move Fails
In Louisiana

BATON ROUGE. La, Nov. 8
(AP).-The Louisiana Senate
has defeated a proposal that
would have brought about a
review Of needy children purged
from welfare rolls.
The move last night by Sen
ator Jack Fruge of Vile Platte
would have satisfied a Federal
demand in the Federal-State
dispute over Louisiana's aid to
dependent children laws. But
he could get no support from
the other Senators and the
resolution was lost, 1872.
Mr.. Fruge's amendment to
his resolution also would have
called for restoring all eligible
children among the 22,500 cut
from the welfare rolls because
Of a 1860 legislative act.
The resolution would have
declared the Legislature never
intended to remove the needy
children. Mr.. Fruge was al
lowed by q narrow 17-16 vote
to return the resolution to the
calendar, where measures often
die under such circumstances.
A 1860 legislative act re-
quired that needy children be
removed unless their parents
provide suitable homes, a strike
at women who have illegitimate
children while receiving welfare
aid.
An attorney generals opinion
held that the act was effective
from the date Of passage and
State welfare officials cut off
some 22,500 children, largely
Negroes.
Evening star., 1960-11-08
POTOMAC FEVER
BY FLETCHER KNEBEL

All we ask Of the President is that he stand up
to Khrushchev. keep the stay OF televson
for two months
After eight-year breathing SPELL we now have four
years Of spelling each other catch breath
Nxon's argument seemed to boil down to this: United
States prestige high that only by four
of the Republicans could give the of the world
sporting chance to catch up.
lot Of people sought the solitude Of the ballot with
nobility OF purposes To silence two birds with
Genius of 40 who half Of what he did at 90
Money isn't everything but credit almost is
Evening star., 1960-11-08
rain Stalls in Tunnel, ,
5 on Board Suffocnte

PALANCARES. Spain, Nov.
g AP).-Five passengers in
cluding two children suffocated
when a train stalled in a 2-mile
railway tunnel yesterday. Five
other passengers were in grave
condition.
The train stalled for lack of
steam but continued to make
smoke. The so passengers wait
ed inside in fear of being hit
by another train II they got
out.
Rescue parties got to the
train after two hours.
Evening star., 1960-11-08
GHnnnicks Can't Avert War

tional warfare. It is, indeed,
almost indispensable in
planning a nuclear attack.
The intended victim must be
taken by swift surprise and
overwhelmingly battered in
the very first assault if the
attacker himself is to es-
cape destruction.
Telephones in the Krem-
lin won't alter these unhap-
py facts.
Evening star., 1960-12-25
PowerfuIFi Novel
Fiction Award Winner

q night club singer, from sui
eide and later fell in love
with her. They were married
and moved to the Southwest,
where the former priest re-
vived his painting. They had
a little girl and they seemed
settled, but the hound of
heaven" still pursued Michael.
His story has q smashing
crescendo.
mo Little Thing" Is q solid
achievement. surprisingly
mature for a first novel. It
was awarded the Doubleday
Catholic Prize Fiction Award
for 1860. Miss Cooper, a ma
tive Of Montana. is a talented
writer. She will do still bet
ter when she learn the dra-
matte effect of condensation
and suggestion rather than
full-length treatment of ev.
cry development in q novel.
&C. B. J.
Evening star., 1960-12-25
COMMUNISM AND THE

y U M M u ~ , M AND I n l
CHURCHES. BY Ralph Lore
Roy. (Harcourt, Brace;
$7.50O
Ralph Lord Roy, a Method
ist scholar who has written
extensively on the social role
Of Americas churches, has
produced an extremely we'll
balanced book on the effect
Communism has had on
American churches and clergy
Of all faiths.
Written as part Of the Fund
for the Republics series on
Communism In American
Life" Mr.. Roy has taken as
his topic q subject that has
never been authoritatively
covered before. Allegations
there have been, but compe-
tent scholarship, hardly ever.
Under Attack
Probably no area Of Ameri-
can life-unleSS it be educa-
ton or trade unionism-has
come under more attack than
the churches. Bigots from
within and without the
churches have repeatedly
made the charge that Ameri-
can churches are under "the
influence" Of communism. On
the other hand, the churches
protectors have responded by
saying every such attack is
unfounded. Mr.. Roy examines
all accusations, as well as the
lives and the records Of the
men who have constantly
been in the center Of discus
sion.
His conclusion is perhaps
Evening star., 1960-12-25
TribuIutions
Of q Tour-Boss
TOURS AND DETOURS. BY

TOURS AND DETOURS. BY
Guy Abecassis with illus
tration by Nose. (Random
House: $500
The ins and outs, the ups
and downs, Of a French tour
conductor whose tourist
charges often lead him up a
tree, is what this book is
basically about. His expert
ences with tourists stuck in
the Blue Grotto in Capri dur
ing q storm, and those seeing
Paris BY Night" by the bus
load, sound q bit contrived.
One or two may give you a
laugh. Tourist types are
neatly comparmentalized by
M. AbecaSsis. There's the
luggage watcher" the hotel
room carper," "the I've been
here BEFORE" and "the lost
passport" type who wander
through Europe being led by
their guide, who often is
gnashing his teeth.-ELENI.
Evening star., 1960-12-25
No Red. Influence
On Churches in U.S..

not unexpected, but it is
worth repeating. THE notion
that Americas churches and
religious leaders are signifl-
cantly influenced by Com
munists or Communist SYM
pathizers is absurd"
No InfiItrati0n
He makes 1t clear that
Communists in America new
er really attempted or ex-
pected to infiltrate the
churches, and only a small
number Of clergy ever joined
the party. He estimates the
number as between so to 200,
and many of these joined for
reasons far different from
what Communist leaders
imagined. Mr.. Roy says.
Mr.. Roy is at his best in
discussing the Communist
front" groups which gained
members from time to time
from the clergy, but he
points out that these
fronts were most popular
from 1886 to 1899 and from
1943 to 1916. when it was
not considered out of line to
sympathize with the Soviet
Union, and when many So
cially conscious Americans
were attracted by the goals
that these organizations set
for themselves. Today, how
ever. Mr.. Roy says, Com
munist influence with in the
American churches is near
the zero mark" Attempts to
prove the contrary can not
be substantiated.
BERNARD GWERTZMAN
Evening star., 1960-12-25
Pennsylvania Dutch
Miners Folklore

That indefatigable folk
lorist. George Korson, has a
new volume of the press.
'Black Rock" his sixth book
relates ballads and stories
told by old timers among
Pennsylvania Dutch miners.
Former President OF the
Pennsylvania Folklore Soci-
ETY., he spent three years
preparing his collecti.n un-
der the auspices Of the Gug-
genheim Foundation.
Here is a sample Of the
ballads lovingly recorded by
Mr.. Korson:
"I'm a little collier lad,
Hdrdworkino all the day,
From early morn till late at
night.
No time haze I to play.
DotDn in the boUelS OF the
earth,
Where no bright sun rays
shine,
You'll find me busy at my
tDork,
A tOIlite Slave OF the mine"
Evening star., 1960-12-25

the day before. pumpkin,
apple and mince; as we ate
them we could look out the
window and see the cornfield
where the pumpkins grew,
the trees from which the
apples were picked. There
was cottage cheese, with the
dripping bags of curds still
hanging from the cold cellar
ceiling. The bread had been
baked that morning, heating
up the oven for the meat,
and as my aunt hurried by
I could smell in her apron
the freshest of all odors with
which the human nose is
honored-bread straight from
the oven"
The goose, of course, had
been raised on the farm. So
had all the vegetables, stored
in the cellar for the winter.
The nuts for cakes and can
dies had been picked and
shelled by the boys. Even the
ornaments for the Christmas
trees were home made,
Long in Preparation
Paul Engle's family was
considered poor-his father
went to work at 6 o'clock
every morning. including
Christmas Day. looking after
the horses which were his
livelihood-but they lacked
nothing to make the holiday
cheerful and memorable. The
women had worked for
weeks, even months prepar-
ing. The men and boys had
done the heavier chores.
The writer's memories are
as vivid and luscious in their
way as anything in "a Christ
mas Carol"
You'd almost expect Tiny
Tim to say from a corner Of
the festive table: God bless
us every one"
Evening star., 1960-12-25

LIle QUIET woman III LQe
home of the Duke and Duch-
ess Of Devonshire.
Miss Foster lin private life,
Mrs. Foster Mann) is win
tering in Washington to be
near her daughter, Mrs.
Philip N. Israel. The other
day she was recalling the
troubles that began on New
Years Day in 1853 when she
started to recreate the in
credible story Of Lady LIZ"
who for 81 years was the best
friend Of the Duchess of
Devonshire and the mistress
Of the Duke.
She started her work in the
New York Public Library,
soon exhausted its 18th CEN
tury lore and embarked for
England and the chilly read
) ing room of the British Mu-
scum.
Every year for five years
thereafter, Miss Foster had
to pack up and L home after
her visitors visa, good for
three months only, expired.
Finally, kind friends rallied
round and took her cause to
the Mother of Parliaments.
An afternoons debate en-
sued, and finally Miss Foster
was allowed to stay and COM
plete her laborious researches.
Misplaced Sympathy
What all the toll and trou-
BILE brought her besides a
557-page manuscript which
her publisher asked her to
cut by 10000 words, was a
new appreciation of Eliza
beth Foster, the enchantress
who lived with the Duke and
Duchess Of Devonshire for 81
years by urgent request of
both husband and wife.
Heretofore all sympathy
has been directed at Georgi-
anna, the Duchess of Devon
shire. the "whig goddess"
adored by Sheridan and all
the bloods and wits of her
time. Miss Foster found
Elizabeth Foster more to her
liking.
Says Miss Foster, "The
book became a case which I
was pleading for someone
who undoubtedly deserved
many of the stones cast at
her, but certainly not all Of
them. and whose name, for
many reasons. I was proud to
bear"
Unaccepted
Miss Foster says wryly
that she sent a copy Of her
case for Elizabeth Foster
around to one Of the lights
Of the heiress Of one of Eng
lands leading literary fam
lilies.
"It'S all very interesting, 4"
wrote the lady coolly, but
I'm certainly glad Elizabeth
Foster didn't marry into our
family"
Children Of the Mist"
Miss Fosters eighth book,
will appear on January 8.