davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-12-10
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Sino-SoYiet Clash Called Dream

chancelleries have delicately
suggested to President Eisen-
hover to be most careful in
his conversation with Prime
Minister Nehru and not to
urge the Indian leader to a
sitter stand against the
threatening Chinese Commu-
nists. Mr.. Khrushchev, it is
said, is not yet in a position
to enjoy an armed conflict
between India and China in
which the latter would easily
come out first. Neither is the
international q TIM osphere
such ss to permit the Soviet
boss to allow the Western
powers to come to India's
rescue without the USSR be-
ing forced to do the same in
regard to China.
These diplomatic theories
are being strongly discounted
by military men who are con-
vinced that it will take many
years-several generations in
all likelihood-before there
is a genuine clash and ri-
valry for power between the
two Communist relationships.
For the time being they are
unanimous in their purpose
for world domination in areas
agreed between Khrushchev
and Mao during their last
meeting in Peiping.
The Khrushchev Mao
agreement, according to the
best available intelligence re-
ports, provides that both
Com munist relationships
make an early effort in keep
ing with the trends of the
international situation to get
to the Indian Ocean. China
has been given q free hand,
according to repeatedly re-
liable information, in India
and Burma, while the Soviet
Union will endeavor to get to
the Persian Gulf and Arab.
ian Sea over the bodies of
PakiStan and Iran.
While the political men like
to lull themselves into the
illusion that a conflict be-
tween the two Communist
powers is inevitable in the
near future, the military
leaders see it in the dim, dis
tant future and not likely to
occur in this century.
Evening star., 1959-12-10

There Is strong disagree
ment in responsible military
quarters here and abroad with
the concept which seems to
have permeated the thinking
of political leaders in Amer
lea and Western Europe that
there is a definite schism be-
tween the Soviet Union and
Communist China.
This thinking has gotten
deep roots in the highest ech-
eloDs Of the State Depart
ment and is said to be shared
by many members of the Ma
tional Security Council as
well as leaders in London,
Paris and Berlin. 1t has lent
strength to the advocates in
this country of resumption of
at least cultural and eco
nomic relations with the
Peiping government who
want to ignore the fact that
technically we are still at war
with the Chinese Communists
in Korea; that they have
made no gesture whatsoever
to hberate prisoners Of war
still kept in Communist
stockades; and finally, that
Communist China has not
bothered to make the slight
est move toward purging it
self of the stigma Of aggres-
sor with which it was brand
ed by the United Nations in
1851. And efforts to bring
unity of Korea through free
elections north of the 38th
Parallel are still bluntly
rejected.
In this country the move
for candid recognition of
the realities of the position of
Communist China" has been
brought further to the fore
by a recently published re-
port issued by the Rockefeller
Fund. This report is consid-
cred important because it ap-
pears these days that we are
prone to formulate our for
eign policies on the basis Of
studies either from founda-
tions or from private organi-
cations paid for by various
Government departments or
by the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee.
The essence Of our present
Evening star., 1959-12-10
Khrushchev Says
Drought Reduced
SO Wheat Crop

MOSCOW, Dec. 10 (AP).-
Premier Khrushchev admitted
yesterday that things went a
bit awry" with the Soviet agri-
cultural plan this year because
of drought. Stopping at Lvov,
the former Polish city in the
Ukraine, on his way home from
Hungary, he told a meeting at
the Lvov bus works:
1--WE think our agriculture is
now developing well. Things
went a bit awry this year be-
cause Of the drought, and we
procured some 900 million pools
less Of grain than we did last
year. Still We shall have
enough grain"
In terms of wheat, 600 mil
lion poods would amount to
more than 800 million bushels.
Evening star., 1959-12-10
DAVID LAWRENCE
Public Interest VS.. Strikes

This and other proposals
now being advanced are
symptomatic of the deep feel
ing aroused by the damage in
the steel strike. No matter
how the controversy itself is
settled, there will be a de-
mand for legislation. For the
belated agreement reached
between the parties cannot
possibly restore the losses of
the union members in wages,
of the companies in profits,
and Of the United, States
Treasury in tax receipts
These losses are too big to be
ignored and do not by any
means include all the injury
done to the American produc-
tive machine at a time of stiff
competition with the Soviet
Union.
The question of who was
to blame will be argued end
lessly. Certainly there has
been little disagreement on
wages. The real clash is on
working rules. The union
leaders have arbitrarily re-
fused to discuss changes.
They have mistakenly re-
sorted to epithets and cliches
about alleged plots to bust
the unions"
But the need for changing
the working rules is a con-
dition and not just a theory,
and the employers have
agreed, to submit the issue
to arbitration with the un-
derstanding that the report
need not be made until the
middle of next year. The
companies want the subject
tackled seriously. The union
leaders are adamant in re-
fusing to do so, and that's
where they have misjudged
public opinion.
The speech of Adlai Ste
venson, Democrat and friend
of labor, is a sign of the
changing times. Union n-labor
leaders cannot any longer re-
'ly on the politicians in Gov
ernment to take care of their
battles with employers. For
this time the public, which is
bigger in vote-power than all
the unions and corporations,
is demanding an end to the
irresponsible use of economic
power by private groups.
tcopyrisht, 1881
Evening star., 1959-12-10
RALPH McGILL

When Dwight Eisenhower
and Jawaharlal Nehru met
face to face in New Delhi.
the old lines, favorite Of
schoolboy declaimers, came
back:
"Oh East is East, and West
is West, and never the
twain shall meet,
Till Earth and Sky stand
presently at Gods great
Judgment Seat;
But, there Is neither East nor
West, Border. nor Breed.
nor Birth,
When two strong men stand
face to face, though
they come from the ends
of the earth"
And so it is in India. Two
strong. men stand face to
face.
1t would be difficult to
imagine two men with more
dissimilar backgrounds. In
age they are related. Nehru
was born November IA, 1889.
The President on October IA,
1890. Nehru has just turned
10, his guest SO.
Prime Minister Nehru was
born into wealth and luxury.
He dwelt in a great house in
Allahabad. Dwight Eisen-
hover was born in Texas
into the rawest and plainest
Of frontier homes. AS a baby
he was taken to the Kansas
trading post town of Abilene.
His parents were kindly,
severe Mennonites with a
tradition in their culture of
having fed oppression.
There were rawnesS, bar
renness and few comforts in
Abilene. There were heavy,
arduous farm chores to be
done. The schooling was
Evening star., 1959-12-10
DORIS FLEEsON

NEW YORK. - Former
President Truman is refus-
ing to identify the "hot-
house liberals" he complained
of here. An educated guess
is that they are Democrats
who would risk another
Adlai Stevenson nomination
in preference to accepting
just any candidate the old
pros think can win next fall.
For Truman does not be-
lieve Stevenson could put
across a third-term bid. He
does not think Senator Ken
nedy can win either, but he
is less emotional on that
score and besides he does not
now see how Kennedy can be
nominated.
The Truman attitude does
not stem, as is occasionally
suggested, from any passion
ate fealty toward his fellow
MisSourian, Senator Syming-
ton. His view is that Syming-
ton is a very possible and
even desirable compromise,
but it is a political judgment,
not a matter of personal
loyalty.
That excellent politician
who took Truman's measure
at Chicago in 1856, Mrs.
Roosevelt, grasped at once
what he was doing and took
the offensive instantly, plain
ly and publicly at the dinner
at which both spoke. Mrs.
Roosevelt wants to win also,
but she does not believe the
old pros can run the conven-
ton and would not be for it
anyway.
Her political counsel in es-
Evening star., 1959-12-10
Welcome of Strong Men Recalls
Verse-'Never the Twain Shall Meet

meager. The Eisenhower
boys left Abilene as soon as
opportunity came.
The name Jawaharlal
means precious jewell" The
arrival of a son in India is
an even more momentous
event than in Western ma
tions. The young boy tad
a lonely life. Portraits Of the
time show him in a variety
of costumes. Artists painted
him in silken pantaloons of
Asian style, in a coat of rich
material. and in Jeweled
slippers. One shows MN an
a sailors uniform. Still an
other pictures him, incon-
gruously, in Scottish kits
His father admired tie
British and wanted his son
brought up in Western ways.
English tutors taught him
at home until he was 16. One
Of these, Ferdinand Brooks,
a theosophist, made a great
impression on the boy who
was II years old when Brooks
began to teach him. From
him he learned to like books,
and meditation. The tutor
was a student of Hindu
philosophy. He made an in
tellectual, an introvert, and a
serious scholar of his pupil.
The brooding melancholy of
Nehru dates from, him.
When Is young Nehru
went to Harrow, one of
England's great schools. This
was Winston Churchill'S
school and not many years
ago the two attended COM
mencement exercises there
together.
Until Gandhi came to
make tangible all Nehru's
feelings for his country,
there had not been too much
Evening star., 1959-12-10

Just as James r. Hoffa
was unwittingly responsible
for the antiracketeering leg
islation passed by Congress
at its last session, so David
Macdonald, also unwittingly.
may be responsible for the
enactment of the most severe
legislation in history to pre-
vent America from being
damaged again by another
big strike.
When a potential candi-
date for the presidency on
the Democratic ticket-Adlai
Stevenson-feels obligated to
make a public plea for re-
strictive labor legislation, it
is a sign that public opinion
is aroused and that both po-
litical parties must pay at
tention to such sentiment.
Normally the Democratic
candidates would be expected
to puSsyfoot on the issue or
suppress their feelings on any
labor question lest the union
leaders be offended. But it is
apparent now that the rank
and file of the union mem
berS and their wives, as we'll
as the general public. are
truly alarmed about the
bungling way in which the
steel negotiations have been
handled.
Adlai Stevenson's speech
on Tuesday is the most sig
nificant utterance this year
on labor issues by any polit-
ical figure. He said:
The steel strike has dra-
matized the fact that we are
at the enQ OF an era. Every
body is agreed that this can
not happen again: that the
public interest is the para
mount interest, and that ire
sponsibile private power is an
intolerable danger to our be-
leaguered society.
And if there are more
stoppages, Congress may be
expected to reflect the public
temper in legislation, which
would not only stop strikes
but might stop or seriously
cripple collective bargaining.
too"
Mr.. Stevenson reminded his
Evening star., 1959-12-10
AdIoi Stevenson Points to Possibility
Of Rigid, Protective legislation

listeners that he had made
similar suggestions in 1852 for
the amendment Of existing
labor laws. including a pro-
vision for arbitration, but he
now adds this proposal;
The President should have
authority to convene a spe-
cial public board-a board of
public responsibility-well in
advance of the strike date in
any key industry. perhaps as
listed by Congress. The board
would meet with the parties
to the dispute. 1t would ex-
press the public interest to
the parties, keep the Presi-
dent advised and perform
whatever mediation functions
appeared advisable.
ats effectiveness would be
immeasurably enhanced by
the parties knowledge that
the boards final responsible
ity-if its efforts at media
ton fail-would recommend
to the President what further
action should be taken.
IF the parties were unable
or unwilling to resolve their
dispute, to exercise response
bility consonant with their
power-then I would see no
reasonable objection to re-
quiring that the dispute be
taken out of their hands en-
tirely; that the President be
authorized in that case to
require in one form or an
other that production be con-
tinued while the dispute was
resolved by process of reason
rather than by subjecting the
economy to grievous injury"
Mr.. Stevenson declared
that, with the development
of industry-wide bargaining,
decisions affecting the entire
economy are made by a small
group of men sitting at a
single table. and the public
has no alternative to ac-
cepting those decisions. He
added:
II think it (the public) is
entitled to be represented at
that table in the restricted
sense I have suggested"
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
CITATION
AWARDED
SEGAL

First 1t. Richard A. Segal, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Michael Segal OF
2812 w. Meadowbrook, has been
awarded certificate of achieve
ment for his substantial contribu-
ton toward the success of the mil
itary justice, military affairs, pro-
curement, and legal assistance
programs of the Berlin, Germany
Judge advocate command.
The citation hailed Segal, assist
ant staff judge advocate, for 1.-THE
thoroughness, attention to detail
and exceptional legal reasoning in
his opinions, which it said VIII
long be cited as precedent.
The citation also noted "he was
primarily responsible for develop
ing a preventive discipline course
of instruction for all units OF this
command Because of his
forceful and clear presentation ne
was selected to brief newly assign
ed officers on matters in the judge
advocate realm"
A graduate of North Phoeni2
High School, Phoenix College, anc
the University of Illinois, Lieuten
ant Segal received the highes
score in the 1856 Arizona state bal
examination. :.
He is expected to return to civil
ian life and enter the practice O.
law in Phoenix late this month.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18

represent II percent of the popula-
ton. Lebanon is the most demo-
cratic among the Arab countries,
with the highest average standard
of living. However, there is a sert-'
Gus problem of unemployment
there. and consequently STEADY
stream of emigration, particularly
to Latin America.
What makes the refugee question
particularly explosive is the pre-
carious internal balance of Leban-
on: half of its population is Chris
tian. half of it Moslem. However,
the refugees are mostly Moslem
and have a high birth rate; the
emigrants are mostly Christian.
Consequently, the continued pres
ence. of the refugees tends to upset
this delicate internal balance.
Lebanon wants the refugees out
as fast as possible. Therefore the
Lebanese government has become
increasingly impatient with the
constant refusal of the Arab
League (under Egyptian domina-
tion) to accept any constructive so
luton of the refugee problem.
WHEN THE Arab League ex-
perts fatty rejected (even before
studying it) UN Secretary General
Hammarskjold's latest proposals
for the settlement of the refugees
in Arab countries with abundant
land, Lebanon openly announced
that she would have to go her own
way in trying to solve the prob
lem, Shortly afterward, Lebanon'S
| minister of labor and most outSpo-
ken critic of the Arab League,
Camille Jummeil, proposed that q
separate Arab refugee state be es-
tablished in the PaleStinian part OF
Jordan.
Colonel Nasser, for quite differ
ent reasons, has also been support
ing the idea of Palestinian Arab
state - assuming, of course, that
such an entity would be Egyptian
dominated. King HusSein of Jordan
reacted to these proposals: ne
made a tour of Palestine to stress
that it was an inherent part of his
kingdom, and-what is more inn
portant-his Premier Majjah an
nounced that Jordan is the Palest-
inian state, the state of the refu-
gees, and any refugee is free to
settle in Jordan and obtain citizen
ship.
These developments are still far
from representing actual progress
toward a solution of the refugee
problem. However, they do signify
that the Arab governments have
realized that the situation cannot
be perpetuated much longer and
that its continuation now hurts the
Arab countries more than 1t hurts
Israel.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
OUR IT, NJ NEWSLETTER
Blockade Heads For U.N.

to practice a blockade in the Suez,
America will consider the action a
matter of concern to the society
of nations"
Finally, on April "a, 1857, Egypt
files a formal declaration with the
secretary general, and this declar-
alton is formally registered, at
Egypt's request, as commitment
filed with the United Nations. The
opening paragraph of this declara-
ton reads:
"It remains the unaltered policy
and firm purpose of the Govern
ment of Egypt to respect the
terms and the spirit of the Con-
stantinople Convention of 1883
and the rights and obligations
arising therefrom. The Govern
ment of Egypt will continue to
respect, observe and implement
them"
THIS IS ONLY part of the dos
sier. But these are the basic docu-
fnents guiding IsraePs case. BY
Haunting these repeated treaties,
conventions and even its own dec
laration, Egypt stands condemned
before the world. Whether Mrs.
Meir will elicit any formal action
from this years assembly, in the
face of this record, remains to be
seen.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18

In Fort Worth, Tex, the Star
Telegram found it difficult to un-
derstand whose interests were
served by the anti-Aramco ruling
of Justice Epstein. Certainly not
that of other New York residents,
besides Jews, who might have
found employment with Aramco."
Judge Epstein had ruled that Ar
amco must cease religious bias In
employment or get out OF New
York State.
THE STAR-TELEGRAM ques-
toned whether the decision really
helped the Jews when it may
have contributed to fresh irrita-
tions in the troubled Middle East. !"
Minneapolis editors studied the
Morse Amendment which express
ed Senate disapproval OF ant-Sem-
itism against Americans by nations
receiving US. aid funds. The Saudi
Arabian record of bias was availa-
BILE. But the Minneapolis Star de-
cided to attack the Morse Amend
ment. The Star asked about the
propriety of using foreign aid leg
islation to reform the world.
The Star said countries assisted
by the United States establish
their own laws and are as jealous
as Americans are of their own SOW
ereignty."s 1t was the Stars hope
that the United States could per
suade" Saudi Arabia and other Of
tending countries to drop their dis
criminatory practices. but we
shouldn't try to bludgeon them in
to accepting our principles
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18

her. the Arabs acted in psyche
pathological pattern well known to
every doctor: closing their eyes to
reality, they hoped that the trouble
would disappear. The most tragic
aspect of this attitude was the per-
petuation of the refugee problem.
The argument between the Arabs
who claimed that the refugees
were brutally expelled from their
homeland, and the Israel claim
that the refugees fled upon orders
from their leaders despite pleas to
stay made by Israel, is largely a
political argument.
The Arab leaders refusal to
agree to anything that would help
the resettlement of the refugees is
also potical but at the same time
involves the continuation of misery
and suffering for hundreds of thou
sands of human beings.
THE ARAB GOVERNMENTS
kept the refugees as a weapon
against Israel. They demand tnat
the refugees be permitted to return
to their former homes, although
knowing that Israel will not let
them in. But by turning an essen
tially humanitarian problem into a
political game, the Arab govern
ments actually forged a double
edged sword: the teeming restless
masses taught to hate Israel be-
came the easy target of any ag1ta-
tors. particularly the agitatorS OF
Colonel NasSer.
The three main concentrations OF
refugees are in Jordan, where
there are more than half million
of them; in Egypt-ruled GAIA
strip. where there are more tnan
200. 900: and in Lebanon, which mas
about 11O, 900. (Syria has also about
95. 900: but being a potentially rich
country of several million, the
small percentage of refugees does
not constitute a crucial problemO
In each of the three concentra-
tions, the refugees represent a oil
ferent problem. In the GAIA strip
thew constitute two-thirdS OF the
population. The central part OF Pal
estine (Which should have belong
ed to the Palestine Arab state in
what was envisaged as an Israel
Arab Palestinian customs mion is
now incorporated into the Hashem-
ite Kingdom of Jordan. The retu.
gees are full-fledged citizens OF
Jordan: about half of the members
of parliament and several mem
bers of the Jordanian Cabinet are
refugees. Still, the majority OF the
refugees live in camps maintained
by the UNRWA.
IN THE LEBANON, refugees
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
BY MILTON FRIEDMAN
Copyright 1859. JTA, Inc.)

WASHINGTON - A cross-Section
of the American daily press shows
a general sympathy toward jewish
problems. But there are excep-
tionS.
The Richmond, Va, News-Lead-
er is known by Virginia Jewry as
the newspaper that attacked the
League and blam-
ed Jews in connection with the
Negro integration issue. More re-
Gently. the News-Leader jumped to
the defense of the Arabian-Ameri-
can Oil Company.
When Justice Epstein of the New
York Supreme Court issued rul-
ing requiring Aramco to cease
anti-Jewish practices in New York,
the News-Leader contended editor
ially that Aramco was doing moth
ing wrong.
THE NEWS-LEADER said Gar
amco does not want people who
cannot serve in Saudi Arabia.
What is wrong with that? There is
not 'anti-SemitiSm' in this policy
or hatred of the Jews or anything
else but a common sense acknowl-
edgment of political realities in the
Middle East"
The newspaper went so far as to
suggest that New York's FEPC
law protecting minorities was vi
olation of the u. S. Constitution
through alleged infringement of the
Fourteenth Amendment.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18

discrimination, overt or covert.
This covers both political and
technical aspects The opera
ton of the canal should be insu-
lated from the politics of any
country"
A FEW MONTHS later, Israel is
being pressed in the General AS
sembly to withdraw its last troops
from the Sinai Desert. Israel re
fuses to bulge until and unless it is
given certain guarantees. Finally,
on March 1, 1857, Israel announces
here that it is withdrawing its
Sinai troops-but only after it has
cleared certain assumptions" with
the United States Department OF
State and with President EiSenhow-
er himself. One of those ''assump-
tons" is given validity in state
ment by Mr.. Eisenhower to the eff
feet that, if Egypt should try again
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
Ships Delivered
To CeyIon Navy

TEL AVN (JTA)-The Mivtach,
one of the two frigates sold by Is
rael to Ceylon, is now officially in
the hands of the CeyloneSe Navy.
In ceremony in the Bay of Alden,
the Israel flag was lowered, and
the Ceylonese standard was raised
aboard the Mivtach, as the trans
fer of the fighting ship was COM
pleted.
The Mivtach and its sister ship,
the Miznak, were sold to the Cey-
lonese Navy, but remained in the
Gulf of Akaba harbor at Eliat
while the Ceylonese hesitated about
sending a crew to Eilat to take
over the ships, because the United
Arab Republic frowned on the deal.
Now that the ship has been trans
ferred, some of the Israeli sailors
are staying aboard the Mivtach to
help train the Ceylonese crew han
die the vessel.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
Appeal Date Set

LONDON (JTA) - The Supreme
Court of Poland has set Nov. 5 for
hearing the appeal of Erich Koch,
4 Nazi commissioner for East Prus-
sia and parts of Poland during
World War II who is under death
sentence for the mass-murder OF
hundreds of thousands of persons,
mostly Jews.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1959-09-18
Israel Arms Sold

WASHINGTON (JTA) - United
States Army observers of German
army manuevers have reported to
washington that Israel has sold
more arms to West Germany ana
that the Bundeswehr is now using
Israel-made machine guns.