davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

Five years ago. on May II
1854, the Supreme Court In
the case Of Brown v. Board Of
Education. SAT Us. 4ss. startled
the Nation and shocked the
South by striking down the
provisions OF State Constitu-
lions and laws requiring racial
separation OF children In pub
lie schools. Never before had
the court rendered a decision
so drasticaily invading the
right Of the States to manage
their internal affairs. The re-
action in Virginia was prompt
positive and adverse.
The General Assembly Of
virginia in keeping with the
Overwhelming sentiment OF the
people Of this State made every
effort to preserve our system
Of separate schools.
One by one. these laws have
been struck down. some by the
Federal courts and some by the
Supreme Court Of Appeals Of
Virginia. None Of these laws
can be made effective against
overwhelming Federal force.
AS the result of the Brown
decision, and subsequent court
DEGREES. racial migration has
already taken place in some
school divisions in Virginia.
Every resource known to the
law was exhausted in the de-
tense of every case before the
courts. All In authority in Viz
ginia have exhausted every
legal means of preventing any
migration in our schools. Our
officials are entitled to COM
mendation for their t1nswerv-
ing devotion to the cause COM
..aifAAA - thoVn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Two Approaches

Within the existing constitu-
tional framework two APP
proaches are available. The
State. itself. could limit its ap.
preparation for public schools
TO the bare minimum specified
by Section 1856 of the Constitu-
ton. that is to say, approx
mately SO million. If this were
done and the balance of funds
otherwise available for school
purposes were appropriated for
distribution to the localities on
"a population basis or other
equitable formula either for
educational purposes generally
or for general governmental
purposes, a locality could go out
of the public school business,
except to the extent of its pro-
|portionate share of the SO mil
lion. merely by not making any
local appropriation for public
schools. It could use its funds
and the funds received from the
State for the purpose of pro-
viding scholarships for its chill
tdren to attend nonsectarian pri-
vate schools.
Such an approach would in
policy and theory be as drastic
as repeating Article TX. It
would amount to an abandon
ment Of our state system" of
public free schools. The State
would reduce its support for
public schools by ninety per
cent and the Statewide system
would consist only of those pri.
mary and grammar grades that
could be maintained with SO
million
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

designed to prevent indignation.
(The report here cites several
court decisions knocking down
attempts to preserve public
school segregation.)
The hope that the Supreme
Court would modify or reverse
the Brown decision was shat
tered on September 20. 1865 In
the Little Rock case, Aaron v.
Cooper, 35e U. s. /.
(The report quotes from the
ruling, including that portion
which held that state support
OF segregated schools through
any arrangement. management.
funds or property cannot be
squared with the amendments
command that no state shall
deny to any person within its
jurisdiction the equal protec-
ton Of the law. The right Of q
student not 10 be segregated on
racial grounds in schools SO
maintained is indeed so ftnda-
mental and pervasive that it is
embraced in the concept Of due
process of law.")
Obviously this sweeping deci-
sion was written with the laws
Of Virginia and other Southern
States in mind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
EnroHments
and Transfers

AS part of the total program,
the Commission recommends
the bill, found in the appendix
to this report, which would re-
quire the State Board Of Edu-
cation to adopt rules and regu-
lations for use of local school
boards in making the initial
placement of pupils in the
public schools.
The bill also creates a State
Placement Board of Appeals to
review the placement of pupils,
to participate in the State re-
State courts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
The Problem

Following the Brown de-
eision, all Of virginia's neigh
boring States and some other
states in the South began inte-
grating their public schools.
while schools in this State re-
NAMED segregated until Febru-
airy Of this year by reason OF
the determined stand on the
part Of representatives Of the
state and Of the various local.
ties. Notwithstanding the SUI
preme efforts that were made,
Virginia was unsuccessful in
sustaining the laws that were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Repeal Plan

Serious consideration was
given to the possibility Of an
outright repeal of Section 129
Of the Constitution to meet the
decision of our Supreme Court
Of Appeals in Harrison v. Day,
and thus remove the mandate
to maintain a system of public
schools throughout the State. +"
However, without the repeal
of other sections of Articles TX
Of the Constitution and of that
portion Of Section 173 requir-
ing 81 Of the State Capitation
tax to be applied exclusively
in aid of public schools, the
State would still nave to MAIN
tain a school system through
out the State 10 the extent
of approximately n'ne million
dollars. AS pointed out, this
constitutional appropriation is
required by Section 1876.
This approach would &C
complish no more than can now
be accomplished by simple
budgetary and appropriation
measures.
The commission also con-
sidered the advisa Sility Of
amending the Constitution by
inserting a new section to per-
NIT a locality to withdraw
from the State Public School
System. For legal reasons, this
approach was abandoned.
There are only three choices
open to Virginia: % no public
education; (2) a Estate Sys-
tenn" and Cd local auto
nomy."
All things considered, the
Commission recommends that
we retain our "State System"
for the present with the power
in each locality, where the sit
uation demands, to limit that
system to that locality's share
Of the SO million. This recon-
requires no consti-
tutional amendment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Compulsory
Attendance

The Commission recon-
for consideration of
Your Excellency the bill in.
cluded in the appendix which
provides for local option" in
dealing with the compulsory
attendance of pupils upon the
public schools.
The first % sections of the
proposed bill are substantially
the same as former Sections
22-25l through 22-274 of the
Code. all Of which were re-
pealed by the current session
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Iireinia Commission Submits New Plan for Schools

This is done In the enrolment
bill found in the appendix.
The Commission also recomi
mends for consideration a bill.
found in appendix to this re4
port. which permits a locality to
close its public school when-
ever Federal military forces are
deployed in connection with
the operation thereof. !.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

intact except in localities which
refuse to support schools. For
that reason and because it re-
quires no amendment to the
Appropriation Act, the latter
approach is recommended. The
Commission is making certain
recommendation for legisla-
ton that would give localities
greater freedom Of action in
handling their budgetary and
tax levying procedures to ac-
complish the desired result.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Repeal of Laws

Since q new enrolment bill
Is recommended. Sections e.
232a through 22-232.l7, which
created a State Pupil Place
ment Board. should be repealed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

Note: Enrolment period ends
April 8, 1883. To be eligible, you
must be 65 or over by April is, 1859,
the date the policy will be effective.
Application may be sent either
to Mutual of Omaha, Omaha,
Nebraska, or to your local repre-.
sentative. Cost is only So .5Oa month.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

ommend the adoption OF any
pupil preference plan at this
time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02
Bya star stan Writer

RICHMOND. April MAS
sive resistance to public school
indignation is still the theme
song of a minority group of
Virginia legislators serving on
the Governors Commission on
Education.
The question is" said nine
Of the 40 commission members.
"are the people of Virginia
ready to make the necessary
amendments to the Constitution
and continue q program Of
massive resistance?
$50 far Is we are concerned,
we are ready"
VIII Of Majority
But bowling to the win Of
the majority on the commits
sion for limiting tntegration
the minority report added:
a.. We will not further pursue
the matter for the present"
Among the minority group
signers was Delegate James NJ.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

Foiopsng Is partial tert Of the Virginia Commission
on education hich recommends approach to school
deae0re0afion in the State:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-02

many believe. Unless it is the
desire Of the people Of Virginia
to abandon completely the
Statewide public school system.
there is no need for an amend
ment to the Constitution.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
OFFICERS ELECTED BY
.TYRRELL All GROUP

COLUMBIA.-The All Electric
workshop now has a status of an
organization with the election of
officers here recently. Madge Nor
ris is president; J. Warren Swain,
v-president; Peggy Barnes, secre-
tary-treasurer and Flora Ann Hol-
lis. reported. Miss Hilda Apple,
VEPCO representative, put on a
program "Using electricity on the
farm and in the home throughout
the year."
Attending were Lynda Faye Da-
Wis, lane Ainsley, Faye West,
Peggy Barnes, Madge Morris, Lor-
eta Brickhouse, Pat Spencer,
Flora Ann Hollis, Dale Davis, Kat
lie Basnight, ]. Warren Swain,
Freddie Mitchell, Elmo Hassell,
Dallas Simmons, Ricky Swain,
Freddie Crawford, Junior Reynolds,
Miss Apple, Mrs. Floyd Hollis,
Mrs. Elsie B. Edwards and Muir
ray L. Goodwin.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
CANCER SOCIETY FILM TO
BE SHOWN IN TYRRELL co,

COLUMBIA. - An educational
film "The Human Cell and the Cy-
totechnologist" released by the
North Carolina Division of the
American Cancer Society through
the cooperation of Supt. M. L.
Basnight will be at the schools
Columbia High School and Tyrrell
High School-all next week, an
nounces Mrs. Bert Tyson, Dist.
Field Consultant.
This film, relates Mrs. Tyson, is
the newest teaching film, which
shows the healthy human body cell
in comparison with the malignant
cell. She informs that this film can
be understood by all students
above sixth grade level, and ex-
presses hope that adults will avail
themselves of seeing it to become
more informed. Those desiring to
see this film, can find out place,
day and hour of showing by call
ing Superintendent Basnight, she
furthered.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
SALADS DEMONSTRATION
AT NEWLANDS HOME CLUB

COLUMBIA. "A demonstration
of Salads" showing their value
to the individual in appetite ap-
peal, vitamins, nourishment and
their use as a dessert was given
by Mrs. Ann E. Davenport, Tyr
rell County home agent, at. the
New Lands Home Demonstration
Club meeting, at the home of
Mrs. Odell Ainsley.
The president, Mrs. J. w. Coop
err, explained about the new state
Home Demonstration magazine,
"Green N Growing" and the club
voted to subscribe. Plans for re-
ceiving unpaid dues of 1858 were
outlined.
Attending were Mrs. ]. w.
Cooper, Mrs. Rufus Ainsley, Mrs.
Howard Ainsley, Mrs. Charlie
Walker, Mrs. Terry Ainsley, visi-
tor Mrs. Anne E. Davenport, and
Mrs. Odell Ainsley, hostess.
The next meeting is scheduled
for March 5 at the home of Mrs.
Charlie Walker,
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
TYRRELL ALTERS
WILL OBSERVE
NATIONAL Al WK.

COLUMBIA - For the observ-
ance of National All Club Week,
Feb. BISMARCK z, plans were made
by the Tyrrell County All Council
Friday.
The All Flag will be flown daily
in front of the courthouse by
Freddie Mitchell and Terry Ever
EFT. Grace cards to be made and
placed on tables in all eating es-
Establishments in the county by Lin
da Fay Davis, Sandra Owens, Pat
Spencer, Teenie Roughton and
Carol Armstrong; a radio program
under direction of Don Chaplin
and Bibb Swain; the displaying of
posters by Wanda Woodley; exhib-
its to be selected and arranged for
displav by Peggy Barnes, ]. War
rem Swain, Dale Davis and Mike
Cohoon; publicity by Pat Snencer,
Sue Smell, Don Chaplin and Peggy
Barnes.
A school sign at Columbia High
School, erected by the All Clubs
at a cost of $28.45, was reported
by Monty Harrell.
Program and recreation for flu
ture meetings submitted by Don
Chaplin accepted We're: March
Job opportunities in Home Eco
Monies and Agriculture; April
Talent Show: May-Recreatio ton;
June - Health Pageant; July -
Camp and Club Week; August
Countrywide picnic.
New project selected, submitted
by J. Warren Swain of the prof.
etcs committee was to erect new
Welcome signs on the three main
highways at the county line.
To fill the unexpired term of v
president, J. E. Reynolds, who has
gone in service, Monty Harrell was
elected.
A committee, of Don Chaplin,
j. Warren Swain, Wanda Woodley,
Peggy Barnes and Pat Spencer,
was appointed to make nominations
for district officers.
Since both Junior and Senior
boys and girls may he interested in
the job opportunities to be pre-
sented at the March meeting the
council invited those classes to at
tend.
Chairmen to make plans for the
talent contest are Monty Harrcll
and Madge Morris.
1t was decided to continue to sell
Tyrrell County auto plates; to
make a small charge for the talent
show and to sponsor two recrea-
tional meetings for Alters in
March.
M. L. Goodwin. Assistant Farm
Agent. announced that camp will
: be held at Manteo on July 1918,
A program of slides of the BIZ
loxi, Mississippi, trip to the Ma
tional Junior Vegetable Growers
Association meeting was presented
by Peggy Barnes and Monty Har-
rell, TyrrelPs delegates.
Don Chaplin led recreation and
the pledge to the U. S. Flag and
All Flag, Pat Spencer was in
charge of devotions. Pianist was
Peggy Barnes, Wanda Woodley
presided.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
GUM NECK PERSONALS

Mr.. and Mrs. G. w. Everton
and Mrs. Basil Cohoon spent Sat-
urday in Elizabeth City.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rye Richard of
Portsmouth spent the week end
here visiting relatives.
Miss Sue Smell spent the week
end in Raleigh.
Shelbourn Williams of Norfolk
is visiting his parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. w. Williams.
Mrs. C. o. Everton of Norfolk
was here Friday.
Jack Combs is visiting his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. c. c. Combs.
G. L. Owens and l. w. Swindell
were home for the week end.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. E. Armstrong
and family spent the week end in
Norfolk.
Mrs. R. w. Patrick is a patient
in Columbia Hospital.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
News of Columbia & Tyrrell Co.
For Subscriptions Mrs Blanche w. Cohoon, Call
Phone Bill, Columbia N. C. She win news of
Columbia and Tyrrel County
RABIES VACCINATIONS
IN TYRRELL COUNTY

COLUMBIA.-G. Howard Taft,
Tyrrell County Rabies Inspector,
releases schedule for vaccination
of dogs and puppies at the fol-
lowing places: Monday, March 16,
at Jerry Post Office from 8-12
am; Monday, March 16-Ches-
sons Store from 1-3 pm; Tues
day, March 17-Frying Pan from
house to house; Tuesday, March
17-Parisher's Store 1912 am;
Wednesday, March 18-Gum Neck,
H. w. Cohoon's Store, 8-12 am;
C. j. Liverman's Store 1-3 pm;
Worth C. SHELLS Store So pm;
Kilkenny, March 10, Chestley
Hudson's Store 8-12 am; Friday,
March 20, Sound Side, C. w.
SHELLS Store 8-12 am; Monday,
March 23-Alligator, Sandy Point
Service Station 8-12 am; J. A.
Basnight's Store 1-3 pm; Tues
day, March "a, Scuppernong-
Larry Jones Service Station 8 am.
to PM; Wednesday, March Is
Cross Landing-L. V. Smith
Store 8-11 am; Wednesday,
March 25, South Fork at Big
Barn 1-3 PM; Thursday, March
26, Columbia Court House 8 am.
to 6 pm.
If vaccination occurs on regular
date the fee will be 81, but after
regular date the fee will increase
to 50, and any dog not wearing
tag and not vaccinated will be ex-
terminated or owner prosecuted
according to law, warns Taft.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20

ample. to take turns claiming the
exemption each year.
The one who claims the exemp-
ton must have contributed more
than 10 per cent of the support,
and he must have been a mem.
Der Of the group who collectively
provided the necessary more
than one-half support" Each
member of the group must have
been entitled to claim the de-
pendent except for the support
requirement.
Multiple Support agreements
In order for one person to have
the exemption all other mem.
bers of the group who contrib
uted over 10 per cent must sign
declarations that they will not
claim the dependent. The In.
ternal Revenue Service provides
Form 2120 Multiple Support
Agreement) for this purpose.
Taxpayers who are supporting
dependents, but are not able to
lille a joint return, may qualify
as the head of household" and
be entitled to use a special sched-
ule Of tax rates that give you
half the benefits of income-split-
ting.
If you qualify as a Surviving
spouse you should not file a tax
return as head of household"
The tax of a surviving spouse
is computed on the same basis as
a joint return and gives the fun
benefit of income-splitting. A
surviving spouse" is one:
l. Whose husband or wife died
in the preceding two years (1956
and 1851.
2. Who maintains a home for
a legally qualified dependent (the
dependent in this case must be
a son. step-son, daughter or STEP
daughter).
The official instructions that
come with your tax forms give
further information on how to
claim your dependency exemp.
lions. Help Is also available from
the Internal Revenue Service.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
HONORED ON BIRTHDAY

COLUMBIA-Miss Gwen Bruner
was honored at a birthday party
Wednesday evening, Feb. II, by
her mother, Mrs. Ruth Bruner and
grandmother, Mrs. w. H. Harlrell.
The birthday cake, white, dec
grated in red to carry out the Val
entine motif, and ice cream were
served to the guests: Pat Brick
house, Loretta Brickhouse, Ange-
la Hopkins, Judy Rhodes, Shirley
Cooper, Peggy Barnes, Peggy
Davenport and Mark Kirk.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
TYRRELL BOARD TO
PREPARE CAMPAIGN
FOR SALT HEARING

COLUMBIA. The Tyrrell
County Commissioners in response
to recommendation at a recent
preliminary hearing here on dam
age as a result of the Inland
Waterway met in special call SEES
sion Tuesday.
III. H. Harris, county agent, and
Clyde S. Sawyer, soil conserva
zionist, were appointed as county
co-ordinators, and a committee to
work with them in determining
damage done to farming and fish
ing in the respective community
of each were: Alligator-farming
Harvey w. Davis, and fishing
w. A. Hollis; Columbia-H. G..
Spencer, farming and Jennis v.
Spencer, fishing; Frying Pan -
lloyd C. Ainsley, farming, and
Dennis V. Spencer, fishing; Gum
Neck, L. L. Combs, farming and
C. j. Liverman, fishing; Kilkenny,
Wallace Hudson, farming and
Chesley Hudson, fishing; Scupper-
nong, J. Eli Woodley, farming and
j. Franklin Furlough, ST., fishing;
Sound Side = Grady Hopkins,
farming and Jimmie Rhodes, fish
ing; South Fork-Alfred Sawyer,
farming and Ralph Sexton for fish
ing.
Appointed to determine the for
estry damage were representa-
tives of the West Virginia Pulp
Co., Butler Land and Timber Com
pany, Tyrrell County Lumber
Company, V. H. Rowe and George
N. Martin, all representing large
timber holdings here.
A special appropriation resolu-
ton prepared by County Attorney
Sam S. Woodley, to make avail
able $4,000 for the purpose of get
ting together data, survey and
briefs for presentation to the U.
S. Corps of Engineers, seeking
damage relief, was ordered and
passed by the commissioners.
A letter to Soil Conservation
District Supervisors asking fol
approval of the help of Clyde S
Sawyer in this connection was or
dered written.
Chairman Harry P. Swain was
directed by the board to personally
contact persons eligible to work up
briefs to be Chief Co-Ordinato1
for the purpose of securing desir-
ed information.
Chairman Swain reported that
the Chairmen of Boards of County
Commissioners of Dare and Hyde
counties had been contacted. Let,
ters advising of the action taker
by Tyrrells Board were ordered
sent to Dare and Hyde Commits.
sioners.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
COLUMBIA PERSONALS

Miss Dora Dean Owens of Nor
folk visited her father, Roy Owens,
last week end.
Mrs. Ruth Bruner of Norfolk
spent the week end with her moth
er, Mrs. w. H. Harrell.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. E. Norris of
Raleigh visited Mr.. and Mrs. Lee
r. Barnes last week end
Mr.. and Mrs. Dan Alexander of
Newport News, Va. visited Mr.. and
Mrs. j. A. Alexander last week end.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Poage of
Hampton, Va, visited Mrs. J. E,
Alexander last week end.
Chowan College students home
for the week end included NJ. j.
Cooper, Billie Everton, Misses
Jane Harris and Edna Ray Rhodes.
East Carolina College students
home for the week end included
Carlyle Harrell, w. J. White. Jr.,
Robbie Primer, Pat McDuffy,
Misses Jack Harris, Rena Mae
Spencer and Gail Cohoon.
Mrs. John w. Nelson and Miss
Kay Nelson spent Saturday in Ra-
leigh.
Sam S. Woodley, Jr. of UNC was
home for the week end.
The Honor Roll list of East
Carolina College, for students
whose work was considered worthy
of special mention and commenda-
ton recently released by the col
lege included four Columbia
youths: Lillian Gail Cohoon, James
William Laughinghouse, Judith
Anne McDuffie and Rena Mae
Spencer.
"Your Heart Fund Saves
Hearts and Lives" is one of the
slogans of the 1859 Heart Fund
Drive which is now being con-
Quoted here throughout February
by the Tyrrell County Heart AS
ISOLATION, says Mrs. Effie A. Brick
house, chairman. February 20 is
Heart Sunday, and she urges sup
erintendents Of Sunday Schools to
take up a collection.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Jones of
Ayden spent Sunday here visiting
friends.
Miss Peggy Griffin Of Winter
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1959-02-20
MlDDLETOWN PERSONALS

Mrs. Jim Rue visited Mr.. and
Mrs. Huron Gibbs and Mrs. Kate
Burrus Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Mitchell Caravan
of Norfolk, Va, were the week end
guests of Mrs. Clafton Balance.
Mr.. Balance is a patient at Beau
fort County Hospital.
Mrs. Hattie White and Billy
have moved in the Ida Miller
house which they recently pur-
ehaSeu;@ s.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hyler Cox and
Wayne were the Thursday night
guests ofsMr. and Mrs. Hugh Nc
Kinney.