davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
DEEPER IN DEBT

The American public went deep
er in debt in 1858 than it has ever
gone before, according to an an
nouncement by the Department of
Commerce in Washington. How
ever, the situation was not viewed
as an alarming one by government
economists.
1t was said that the ever-inereas-
ing debt is a continuing trend,
partly caused by an increasing
population and rising incomes of
the average American.
The rise in the National Debt in
the last year, or in 1858 was some
$18, ZOO, 100000. Thus the private
debts of Americans reached the rec
ord total of S239, 900, 100000.
The Commerce Department said
that the different economic trends
in 1858 directly affected the char
acter and volume of debt financ-
ing. In the first part of 1858, when
the recession was still in progress,
and the business outlook seemed
rather bleak, consumer borrowing
fell OFF, but when the upturn be-
came apparent, late in the year,
consumer borrowing increased.
This reflects the mental attitude
of many borrowers, and also would
reflect the increasing job security,
or job income. We suspect, very
naturally, that the debt increase
will be greater this year than it
was in 1858.
NesU Voice Stations Needed
1t was revealed in Washington
recently that new chain of Voice
of America broadcasting stations
had been proposed, and that the
foreign reactions to. proposals to
build these stations. in some cases.
have been cool.
Nevertheless, Congress is consid-
ering the five-Sear $4,000, 900
Voice of America expansion pro-
gram as this is written. The pro-
gram would include the construc-
ton of six new high-powered trans
mitters in Europe, Western Africa,
the eastern Mediterranean and the
far Pacific. Already there are eight
such sites in use.
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
Looking at
WASHINGTON

While we could not say that each
one of the six new stations is
needed, it is obvious to most of
those who have travelled in the Mid
die East, and in some under-deVel-
oped sections, where people can
not read the newspapers, that these
new stations are needed. For ex-
ample, Russian propaganda broad
casts come in so strongly, and in
such number, and at all hours, that
they lead in the propaganda race in
the Middle East by large margin.
Undoubtedly, some expansion is
in order, although we hope Con-
gress will direct the Voice of AM
erica's director, Henry Loomis, to
develop more aggressive and COM
petitive programs, as well as ex-
pand the stations and our network.
TREASURY ASKS NEW LIMIT
From Washington comes word
that the U. S. Treasury will seek,
from Congress, new debt limit.
The present limit on the National
Debt is 1888 billions.
This is an interesting develop
ment, since in his budget message,
President Eisenhower said he would
ask for a permanent ceiling of two
hundred and eighty-five billion
dollars on the National Debt. Thus
the picture has changed, approx
mately five billion dollars.
This is bad news, judged by any
standard, and it is especially de-
pressing when one realizes that
the present temporary limit of
$2SS, 900, 100000 will automatically
revert to $4,000. 100000 on June
goth, unless other legislation is
passed.
The idea behind the automatic
reduction was-a year ago-that by
this time we would be able to OPP
crate with a maximum ceiling of
s283, 900, 100000 on the National
Debt. But instead of maintaining
the temporary increase, the Urea
sury Department is now going to
ask for a limit some $4,000, 900, 900
higher than the temporary limit
which was permitted by Congress
ional action in 1858.
With business on the upgrade,
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
2806 McAlister
Topeka, Kansas
June 29, 1859

$500 49,
Dear Friends:
Before you know it school will
De opening again. / swear! Here
is the end of June already.
Just said goodbye to Hayes. He
eft for two days in Denver and
Colorado Springs. Sounds like a
'ough deal, doesn't it? Well, he is
,oing to work on SAC Competition
business, but the locations sound
deal for summer. Would have low
ed to tagged along, but it meant
getting the three girls settled with
sitter, planning meals ahead. etc.
Ind, too, / would have been a fifth
wheel, since Hayes is taking two
boys along with him. He insisted
upon my going along, but took a
rain check. The boys are flying in
a SAC Aero Club single engine job
and I'm not too overly keen about
that mode of transportation any
way you know.
The three boys are looking for
ward to visiting the Air Force
Academy tomorrow. The general
from our base here is now at the
Academy and they would like to
seem him again, as well as three
other couples who have recently
been assigned to the Academy from
here. Colorado Springs is a lovely
city nestled in the side of the Rocky
Mountains. Pixies Peak is one OF
the local attractions. Then there
is the fabulous and expensive
Broadmoor Hotel tits pool looks
across a peaceful lake and at its
opposite shore the mountain ranges
to its $4,000 foot height.
Today will begin to assemble
Lynne's camping gear. She leaves
tomorrow for three nights and four
days at Jenny Jayhawk Scout Camp
Am afraid the thrill of her Della.
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
THE ORIGIN OF FIREWORKS


Who put the fireworks in the Fourth of
Much of the credit goes to John Adams,
according to The World Book Encyclopedia.
The Founding Father declared that Indepen-
dence Day fought to be solemnized with pomp
and parade, with shows, games, sports, guns,
bells, bonfres, and Examinations, from one
end of this continent to the other, from this
time forward for evermore."
So, from that time forward, the birthday
of the u. S. has been marked by brilliant
explosions of color and noise and the
deaths and accidents that invariably accom-
pany them.
Americans, however, got the idea for fire.
works from Europeans, who got the idea from
the Arabs, who merely copied the Chinese.
In 1882 A. D., when a Chinese city was
besieged by Mongols, the defenders cooked up
a batch of saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal and
frightened their attackers with arrows of
flying fire."
Arabs were quick to copy these weapons,
which probably were rockets The Crusaders
brought them back to Europe, where the
Italians discovered that they made fancy
exhibitions as well as formidable weapons.
By the time fireworks spread to England
and France, figures and structures of wood
and plaster had been added.
In 1920, when Henry VIII met Francis
on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in northern
France, the historic moment was celebrated
by the appearance of huge dragon that
Numbered across the sky breathing fire.
BY the 1600's, fireworks had developed
into such an art that two schools of thought
had arisen to argue over methods of display.
The Southern school, conferred in Italy;
concentrated on building elaborate struc-
lures such as castles and temples, from which
the fireworks were exploded. The technique
of setting off the fireworks was shrouded in
mystery.
The Northern school, influenced by the
Protestant movement in Germany, thought
the Italian procedure smacked of popery.
The Northerners exhibited their fireworks
before the show, for all to admire, and then
made them the important part of the display.
While the two schools fumed over their
firecrackers, fireworks crossed the Atlantic
and became an American institution.
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
ON CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

From time to time there are debates in
Washington concerning capital punishment,
and the issue is one which has confronted ev-
cry state in the Union, at one time or the
other. Presently, some states have capital
punishment, either in the form of hanging,
electrocution or gas-chamber death, while
others do not allow it.
The same situation is true among coun-
tries. Some countries allow capital punish
ment, while others do not.
In the United States, the greatest single
case for execution is the fact that too many
persons given life sentences, when the jury
debated between execution and life SEN
tence, are subsequently released.
The tragic part of this is that some of
those released continue to run amuck, COM
hitting other crimes, for which society must
pay, and which are considered unnecessary
and avoidable by those who believe in CAPT
tai punishment.
The argument against capital punish
ment is that human beings do not have the
right to take the lives of other human beings.
The argument is that those untitled for So
ciety, and who are committing serious crimes
should be confined for life-probably in men,
tai institutions or similar institutions.
When the time comes that countries and
states can solve the problem of political par
dons, then we predict that capital punish
ment's disappearance will be accelerated,
not only in the states of the United States,
but in other countries of the world.
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
SALT NEEDED IN SUMMER

The danger of heat prostration can be
lessened by the individual who looks after
his systems salt supply, according to the
u. S. Public Health Service
Prescribing liberal doses of salt, the ex-
pertS say that if salt lost in perspiration is
not replaced, and in adequate amounts, the
sweat glands of the body close up and heat
prostration results.
Some of the country's major industries,
where men work in excessive heat have cut
the number of prostrations by ninety per
cent by providing salt tablets at every drink
ing place.
So there you are If the weather is hot
just get salt block, lick it few times a
day, perspire freely, and you won't find your
self lying on your back, victim of heat
prostration. Don't say we didn't warn you !
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03

Burma, in southeast Asia, be-
came an independent republic in
1948. It joined the United Nations
the same year.
Milford chronicle. [volume] (Milford, Del.) 1878-1974, 1959-07-03
HIDDEN COSTS

The Chamber of Commerce of the United
States recently sent letter to the chairman
of the Post Office Subcommittee of the Sen
ate in which it said: "Taxpaying private car
riers will be spared from further govern
ment competition and taxpayers in general
will be relieved of part of the burden of the
postal deficit if Congress retains Public Law
1919, which limits the measurements and
weight of parcel post packages" A current
proposal would amend that law, and increase
the size and weight limitations.
This particular matter is part of larger
issue-whether the government should carry
parcels, which is purely commercial under
taking, at heavy losses to the taxpayers. AS
the Chamber puts the problem in it letter:
Parcel post is still a subsidized government
service, since part of its costs are hidden in
the budgets of other agencies and are not
charged against the Post Office Department
- That situation is a clear violation of
the intent of Congress when the service was
authorized in World War l days. 1t was then
stated that the service should be self-sus-
tanning in every particular. 1t was further
stated that it should not unduly compete with
taxpaying private carriers and should sup
plement rather than replace such carriers.
Those eminently reasonable provisions
have rarely, if ever, been faithfully followed.
The result has been, over the year, cumu-
lative parcel post deficit running into the
billions. Any new parcel post legislation
should confine itself to honestly putting the
service on Self-sustaining basis-including
indirect as well as direct costs.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31
Letters
1872 Sunview Road,
Cleveland "a, Ohio.

1917 SunV1eW Road,
Cleveland "a, Ohio.
Dear Mr. East,
On December 4th., I received
eleven copies of the Petal Paper
Reprints. I am certain that I
ordered one, I'm Elm, uno, vi
copy only. Perhaps you could
check back and find the original
order. In the meantime, I am re-
turning ten copies under sepa-
rate and unequal cover.
It is not that I don't love you
nor that I dislike your writing,
but I am too poor, destitute, in
digent, moneyless, impecuniuos,
and needy to buy all these; not
to mention thrifty, frugal, eco
nomical, saving, parsimonious,
chary, sparing, penurious, stingy,
misery, mean, shabby and grud-
ging. Il hesitate to say niggardly
or the Ohio Branch of the VICE
might get their hooks into me.
VIC live O11 q OuPCl Wl11CC otAOSI
in a dead-white suburb. And
/ mean, it's like real dead, NAM.
Rest assured, Mr.. East (and
how did you ever get to first
base in Mississippi with name
like that?) that when The Mag
nolia Jungle comes out in paper
back form, I'll buy two copies!
If it never does, I'll purchase
only in hard covers.
I have saved all the issues of
the Petal Paper this year and
have sent them to my brother,
DR.. Robert P. Stuckert, who
teaches Race Relations at the
University of Wisconsin. He uses
them as lecture material and
student assignments. Doesn't that
just rile your blood to know all
your poisonous ideas are infect
ing the impressionable 1--WE hope)
minds of all those Badger State
Yankees?
Half my relatives live in the
South, namely East Texas, which
is supposed to be something like
Louisiana, (ceptin E.T.'s eat yell
Continued on Page Two)
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31
Wutch On The
POTOMAC
by
Robt. G. Spivack

Time out for thinking There
is an air of bewilderment in this
town the likes of which I can
not recall in recent years. From
what it springs am not sure.
Could be anything.
The Eisenhower administration
is entering its final year. The
Democrats have too many can
didates running for President.
The 'tbig fix" on television has
spoiled the fun many pepole de-
rived through this medium. All
these elements add up to extra
ordinary confusion, in Capital
that is notable for its lack of di-
rection and purpose.
Whatever the causes / always
find refuge in good reading at
times like these. So at moment
right to differ as well as our
doing more writing than I have
in a long time I also find myself
reading more than ever.
X 4 X
There are several books and
articles that / have found parti-
cularly stimulating. At the top
Of the Fall book list, aside from
several topical books l have
mentioned in earlier columns,
would put Daniel Lang's new
volume From Hiroshima to the
Noon" (Simon and Shuster, 4od
pp., $3.50.
IS nd ci s - ssesiieneen for 1h1
nn1in,aed On Paee TWo)
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31

The citizens councils have monthly publication by the same
NAME Their for November 1852 listed names Of oganza
fons whom they consider to be in opposition to Them That which
follows from the citizens council and not one word mine not
even the editors note at the end of the list have only obse
walton the item and that say good note God and the
Baptist church aren't against the wees Could be they have
persecution complex? But heavens how could they feel neror
Anyway the citizens council says that
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31
No Sfur In The East, However
There IS A RAY OF HOPE

II is one OF the unfortunate
truths about man that he will
sit still in the face of injustice
and stupidity and wait for
others to do something about 1t.
Naturally. there are exceptions.
for which we can indeed be
thankful.
BY and large. newspapers in
Mississippi have been sitting
and. one may suppose. waiting.
It is one of the fortunate truths
abuot men that when the bottom
has been hit he will rise and
fight his way OUT of the muck
and mire in which he finds him
self. And it could be we are 60
ing to see such an effort in the
future by some of the news
papers in the state. Such is our
hope. anyway.
We take heart from three
editorials which appeared in
state papers recently. First. a
personal note by Carolyn DeCell
in The Deer Creek Pilot Of Roll
ing Fork. Miss. in which she
wrote:
/ personally want to congrat-
ulate Rev. Murray Cox, semi-re-
tired Gulfport Methodist minis
ter, for accepting the invitation
to serve on the Mississippi Adj
visory Committee to the Federal
Civil Rights Commission.
Frankly, I don't know Mr..
Cox, and the Civil Rights Com
mission, along with several more,
seems to me a lot "bunk." But
regardless Of the pros and cons
of said commission, I'm tired of
Bill Simmons, state administra-
tor of the Citizens Councils, die
tating "thou shalt" and "thou
shalt not" to everything that
comes along.
He shakes his head at certain
books, and without checking the
people think they must be s'bad."
He banned a film, so to speak,
by just mentioning the word
''integration." Now he implies
that no good Mississippian would
"dare" accept an Advisory Com
mission post for fear of disfavor
from Simmons.
Perhaps Mr.. Cox has learned
in his years of ministry that re-
CARELESS of ones disapproval of
the devil and evil, the best rem
edy is NOT just ignoring it as
if it didn't exist.
Regardless of reason, I'm de-
lighted that still another good
Mississippian doesn't quake" at
a frown from the mighty Bill"
The second Newspaper to offer
ray of hope was The Tyler
town Times. TYlertwon. Miss.
It's editor. whom we do not
know. wrote under the title
Citizens Councils Not Omni-
potent" that:
A healthy discussion has de-
veloped in Mississippi over
whether Mississippians should
serve on the state advisory COM
mittee to the Federal Commits
sion on Civil Rights in Washing
ton, D. c.
Joel Blass of Virgins, state
legislator who was invited to
take part in the program, said
he would ignore the Citizens
Councils admonition that it was
'straitorous" to serve on the
committee, but instead would
think for himself"
This, in my opinion, is the at
titude that all Mississippians
should take.
The value Of the Civil Rights
Commission is questionable. Po-
litics and the emotional implica-
tions of the racial issue in
America today have probably
permanently reduced the real
value Of such q commission in
cohteznporary 1fe. s. :
Yet, there are those who sim
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31
Here Is The Enemy!

Here is the official list OF organizations appearing IN House
and Senate committee records favorng Civil Rights and anti
South force legislation during 1857 and 1852 The "a groups listed
below accounted for total of 43 witnesses before documents
filed with the committees The list has been compiled from Of
cia transcripts of House and Senate committee hearings on
civil Rights proposals. number in parenfeses following the
of organization indicates the number OF appearances
made by that group during the hearings.
Here are the organizations:
AmaIgamated Meat Cutters Butchers Wo<men Of North
America, AFL-C0 (N
American Civil Liberties Union C)
American Council on Human Rights
Americans for Democratic Action ~
American Ethical Union
AFL-CIO(A
American Friends Service Committee
American Jewish CommtteeG)
American Jewish Congress (5
American Liberal Association ~
American Veterans Committee 81
Anti-Defamdtion League OF Bnai Birth 81
Atlanta Branch. NAACP
Catholic Interraca Council
Clarendon County, South Carolina Improvement Association
District Of Columbia Federation Of Civic Associations
Emergency Civil Liberties Committee
The Episcopal Church 3)
Friends Committee on National Legislation 81
HARRISBURG, Mississippi Branch, NAACP
Improved Benevolent and Protective Order OF Eks OF the
World
International Lonqshoremens and Warehousemens Union @
international Union Of Electrical Radio and Machine Workers
AFL-CIOl2)
japanese American Citizens leaeue( A
Jewish Labor Committee ~
Jewish War Veterans A
Leadership Conference on Civil Rights
Liberal Party of New York State
The Methodist Church ~
Michigan State AFL-CI0 #
Mississippi State Conference Of NAACP Branches
National Alliance Of Postal Workers
National Association for the Advancement Of colored
People N is
National Association Of Social WorkerstA u.
National Catholic Welfare Conference Sa
National Community Relations Advisory Council IS
ljsticnaf Council Churches Of Christ il tie USk e.
efSST~s ~ Continued Page - II y IS
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-12-31

oiAOOio NC 1Cpl CSCllLCO vi Tie
Commission by genuine segrega-
toinists who are capable and
able to present the viewpoint
of the white and perhaps the
colored southerner.
From all accounts, Mr.. Blass
would be that sort of man.
In the past, however, the voice
of the Mississippi Citizens Coun-
ellis has been powerful, indeed.
But here, at least, is an indica-
ton that there is still room in
our state for a difference Of
opinion. -
For there has been a growing
tendency in Mississippi to let the
voice buttressed by emotion be
the voice that is heard.
This stills differences in opin-
ion - it STILES an honset dis
cussion of contemporary pro-
blemS.
So we say hurrah for Joel
Blass and men like him! / would
not want to serve no the Civil
Rights advisory committee from
Mississippi - indeed, I would
not serve upon it. But, / trea-
sure the right to disagree, to
discuss, and to think for myself.
This, after all, is some of what
Democracy is all about.
The third Of the editorials to
offer ray Of hope was written
by our friend. Easton King. The
Chronicle Star. Pascagoula. Miss.
"Fio. Hum: Silly Session Pro-
duces Same Baseless Charges"
was the title Of Kings editorial.
and what he worte was this:
The recent hearing conducted
by the legislative investigating
committee at Jackson turned out
to be tempest in a teapot and
the committee did a disservice
to the state it represents in hold
ing it.
Present were the same old in
gradients that produced the same
old foul-smelling mess of pott-
age.
There were the usual name
droppings and yelled accusations
based on fallacies instead Of fact.
Star of the show, of course,
was ]. B. Matthews, discredited
anti-communist and professional
witness.
This is the Matthews that in
1853 magazine article said ssthe
largest single group supporting
the communist apparatus in the
US today is composed of Protes-
tant clergymen."
His statement drew condem-
nation from such conservatives
as Sens. John L. Mcclellan and
Harry Byrd. A protest signed BY
Catholic, Protestant and Jewish
churchmen drew a public state
ment from President Eisenhower
that the published attack was
"unjustified and deplorable."
He was an Investigator for the
Senate investigating committee
headed by the late Sen. Joseph
Mccarthy at the time, and the
smell was so bad that it was too
much for even Mccarthy, who
was forced to accept his resigna-
ton.
Matthews said that 1000 Pro-
testant clergymen were in the
communist apparatus in one WY
or another.
A few days later MARQUIS
Childs, syndicated news column
mist, conducted a spot check Of
the 1000. He took 1O2 names Of
religious leaders mentioned by
Matthews in his article. He
found some were not even
known to their churches, includ-
ing one that was supposed 10
[haye been an piin,sicopaI bilh6p
(Continned no Page Three
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-10-01

THREE HORSES for sale. One
spotted mare. five years old
with 6sorrel filly colt; a black
eeTdil1gse esffpht Years old with four
white socks and white tail. Priced
10 sell. Tom and Phil YontZ,
Playground road. Phone 36l-J.
IL 13 IA
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-10-01

TWO GAS heaters, one a $4,000
BTU. and the other 100000
BTU. Charles West, Sarahsville.
Phone No. l, Sarahsville.
IL Is Ia
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-10-01
rnr Observation-Disclosures

THREE PHASE electric motor.
10 h.p.. 220 volts. so cvcles. 60
amperes. In good operating con-
d;tion. Priced 10 sell The Journ-
al-Leader. Caldwell, Ohio.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-10-01
PUBLIC SALE
DAIRY DISPERSAL

A DAIRY DISPERSAL will be
held MONDAY, OCTOBER 5,
at 100 o'clock D. m. at the farm
of Forrest C. Stiers, located five
miles north of Beverly off route
339. Due to my health, l will sell
the following:
Fifteen head Guernsey and
Jersey cows and heifers, several
fresh in September, some with
calves at side and several spring
ers. Health papers furnished.
elling grade A for ten years, a
real good herd.
Two unit Linman mixer, five
can cooler, water heater, wash
watts, can hoist, cans and various
other hand tools, etc.
Not responsible for accidents.
FORREST c. STIERS-Owner
Harold Observation-Disclosures