davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22
Consumer
Called Key 10
Economies
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
star star writer

Nations that want to ex.
pand their economies must
concentrate on whetting the
consumers appetite rather
than on increasing production
That's the word passed on
to foreign businessmen b.
American experts at the con-
vention here this week Of the
international Chamber Of Com.
merce.
Businessmen from the capi-
talist world who came here Il
get advice from the successful
Americans were told that
American businessmen get
their advice from the consum.
ers. And at the same time. the
consumer has his view nodded
by the merchants.
This highly profitable mu.
tual back-scratching operation
has produced the worlds high
est standard Of living as well
as fat business profits.
The foreign delegates came
to ind out how 1t is done,
Marketing Is the Secret
Paul Mazur. senior partner
Of the Lehman Bros, invest
ment banking firm. New York
told them yesterday that the
secret is In marketing. It is
easy to produce more. The trick
is to find out what the con-
sumner wants and also to in
crease his wants.
Essential emphasis in the
economy Of the United States
has, in fact" he said, shifted
from the creation Of products
in amounts to satisfy the basic
needs to the absorption Of the
output Of our production
capacities"
To keep the growing labor
force working for high wages
he said. there must be a
marked increase in consump-
ton either by our external OF
internal markets, or BOTH"
Must Supply the Need
Charles g. Mortimer. presi-
dent of General Foods Corp.
said a new frontier" lies ir
finding out what the under
consuming part of the worlc
wants and in supplying it.
One Of the leading European
merchandisers, Emile Bern.
helm of Brussels, said thu
emphasis In Europe still is OF
what the seller wants to mar
ket, not on what the consumer
wants to buy. He urged a ''gen.
uine selling spirit" for Euro
pean businessmen.
Market research can reduct
THE risks Of the seller" Robert
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

Iof Italy, he has been with the
American firm in Milan for 81
years. II love it," he said. 81
don't know what else ] would
do If I were not in business"
Itzhak Edelsburg, IS, head OF
the import-export firm of L
Edelsburg g. Sons, Ltd, in Tel
Aviv. He is making his first
visit to the United States. lie
has been touring the country
staying with friends, for seven
weeks. His reason for liking
business, he said, is because il
presents a way ito bring closer
understanding between people
Of the world"
Martin Domke, Sc, interna-
tional vice president of the
American Arbitration Associa-
ton in New York and chairman
of the Committee on Inter.
national Arbitration. 1nterna-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

is also president Of the Canadi-
an Council Of the ICC.
YOshinari SAUNA, IS, a pri-
vate business consultant in
Tokyo who is on the Board of
Directors of Shin-Etsu Chemi-
cal Industry and the Tokyo
International Trade Center. A
frequent visitor to this country
he is a graduate Of the Uni
versity of Wisconsin.
Enrique Hernandez PonS. So,
executive vice president Of Her.
DEE. S. A.. manufacturer and
distributor Of General Foods
and Lever Bros. products in
Mexico. Accompanied by his
wife, Mr.. Hernandez Pons will
head for Europe next week. at
will be the first vacation in my
life" he said.
Giuli0 VuccinO, IS, head oil
IBM's Italian division. A native
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

ADVERTISEMENT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

State Department spokesman
for the last 10 years.
At present she records the
daily press conferences of
State Department Press OH
Ger Lincoln White.
Assistant Secretary Of State
for Public Affairs Andrew Berd-
ing made the presentation in
a ceremony at the State De-
partment yesterday afternoon,
Mrs. Dorothy Murphy, a Sec
rotary in the international ex-
change of persons program,
also received a 5000 perform
ance award from the same in
centive committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22
Reds Arrested,
Jordan Reports

AMMAN. Jordan. April ~
tAP)-A government ofhcial
announced the arrest yesterday
Of a number Of Communists and
the discovery OF several Com
rnunist cells throughout Jordan.
No figures were given. In
formation leading 10 the arrests
came from documents seized in
the home Of two Jordanian
Communist leaders who were
arrested Monday. the officials
said. They were Abdullah
Sulieman Bayya and Ali Mo-
hammad Mahmoud Abdul
Fattah.
The documents identified
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

j. Eggert, marketing research
manager. Ford Motor Co., said.
Such research Is not an exact
science. he told the foreign
delegates. but II has q some
what higher batting average for
accuracy than weather fore
casting"
Learn Customer Preference.
Ford. he said. finds out what
kind Of car the public wants by
asking the consumer about his
preference two or three years
IN advance Of the new model
date.
In some areas he is likely to
nb q little" he said. 80 we
have to be careful how we ask
our questions. II we ask GUS
toners point blank. DO YOU
want more horsepower most
will say No. and then many
win 80 out and buy the hottest
number on the road.
sBut by careful phrasine Of
questions. and by careful selec-
ton Of the customer sample. 1t
is possible to learn enough
about trends In customer pref
erence to minimize costly prod
uct mistakes"
After the consumer tells what
he wants, manufacturing starts.
Then. Mr.. Eggert said. the mar
keting operation consists Of
convincing the consumer that
what Ford is offering is what
easily be doubled" he said,
land continue to contribute to
profit while expanding sales"
Sees Advertising ExpandabIe
Marion Harper. IT,. president
Of McCann-E Erickson advertis-
ing agency, urged Europeans to
pay more attention to consum-
ers. 1.-THE level Of advertising
in q number Of countries could
be doubled" he said. "and con-
tinue to contribute to profit
while expanding sales"
The conference, which brings
almost 1000 of the Free Worlds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22
Stute Department
Aide Honored

Mrs. Margaret j. Catucci,
shorthand recorder of State
Department spokesrnen's words
for the last nine years. is 5000
richer today after winning q
special incentive award for
sustained work performance. "
She has been taking down
the words Of top American dip
lomats at international con-
ferences and the utterances of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22

leading businessmen to the
Sheraton-Park and Shoreham
Hotels for 3 week. win continue
tomorrow with discussions of
air transport, distribution. In
dustrial property and economic
development from the Western
and Asian points Of view.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-22
Chamber Officials Diversity Events
Il o Capitalize on Executive Tostes n
BY ANDREW W. BINGHAM


The harried leaders Of this
weeks international Chamber
Of Commerce convention here
are finding that the meeting Is
big business In more ways than
one.
s.sThis isn't Just another con-
vention Of 1000 IBM sales
men," bemoaned one oficial.
"All Of the delegates are VIPs."
While the convention Is more
informal than an international
meeting Of diplomats. some Of
the same rules Of protocol APP
ply--such as who gets the best
hotel rooms or suites, as the
case may be.
The social schedule Is also
carefully planned TO take into
account the diversified tastes Of
the executives. Last night, for
instance, they could either at
tend the baseball game at Grit
nth Stadium or 60 to embassy
receptions.
Special Showing
TOMORROW night they are
being offered q special showing
Of the film Seven Brides for
Seven Brothers" Friday night
the National Gallery Of Art Is
opening it's doors to give them
. special preview of a new ex-
hibit Of late nineteenth century
French painters.
Such activities, however, are
only sidelights to the weeks
major activities. AS one ex-
ecptive pointed out. This is a
sefious meeting. You won't
hear any popping Of cham
payne corks-at least, not
many"
One Of the delegates chief
concerns in the current dispute
among European countries
over the common market.
They hope, through their for
NAL and informal sessions, to
work out some solution for the
problem which so far has per-
picked Government officials.
idea From Meeting
The meeting can be produc-
tive in other ways, too. The
last time the ICC came to
Washington was in 1891. The
late Thomas j. Watson. sr.,
head Of International Business
Machines Corp, attended the
sessions. After sitting through
the time consuming consecu-
tive translation procedure, he
decided to develop simultane-
Gus Interpretation equipment,
which has since become stand
ard at all important interna-
tional gatherings.
It has been used at every
ICC meeting since then. This
year the two official languages
are French and English--al-
though a few of the delegates
apd many Of their wives are
not proficient in either of these.
They are the ones helped by the
staff members who, among
them, speak about 20 Ian
guages.
What is the average delegate
like? These six men, picked at
random, seem to typify the
group: a8as i
Paul Bienvsha, si.s head oi
Catelli Food Products, Ltd, in
Montreal. "It is not a very big
company by your standards,
he said. I'VE produce every
thing from soup lowell, not
quite nuts" The company
does a business Of SIS million
each year. Mr.. Bienyenu is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
DORIS FLEESON

Her health apparently re-
stored. Clare Boothe Luce is
returning to public life as
the Eisenhower choice for
Ambassador to Brazil.
That great country does
not now pose a diplomatic
problem to the United States,
but the whole area is a
troublesome one. Conceivably
1t could give Mrs. Luce a
chance to add another sprig
to the diplomatic laurels she
won as Ambassador to Italy.
Washington has long sus-
pected that Mrs. Luce had her
eye fixed on the 1860 Repub-
lican national ticket. Now.
even before those suspicious
have had a chance to re-
form, comes word that ad-
mirers Of the lady and Of Vice
President Nixon are filing a
request in Rhode Island for
legal incorporation of a
Nixon-Luce 1860 club.
The idea is sound for sew
eral reasons.
The California young man
will certainly go east for his
Vice President II and when
nominated. Mrs. Luce's Con-
necticut is by no objective
test a pivotal State. but
she has a powerful New York
base in the Time-Life-For-
tune publishing empire Of
her husband.
No obvious big-name rivals
to her in that area come
readily to mind. Gov. Nelson
Rockefeller is . potential
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
DORIS FLEESON
Glare Luce Has Hopes for 1860

were bright and not black as
they now seem. the chances
Of a woman to make the ma
tional ticket would be dim.
indeed. The COP. is not
very imaginative in these
matters ever.
But its plight as of now is
desperate. 1t can muster only
little more than a third Of
the Congress; it Is down to
IA Governors. few of whom
run the States with the big
electoral votes. It Is confused
and faction-ridden in many
States.
1t has never been proved
that women would rally to
a woman candidate, but it
has not been proven either
that they wouldn't. Such
CANDLES are justified for the
party which starts from way
behind.
In any and all polls for the
most admired woman of the
United States, Mrs. Franklin
Roosevelt leaves everyone at
the post. Mrs. Luce is not
everybody's cup of teas
indeed Mrs. Roosevelt Is not
but she is always in the
running and usually we'll
ahead of most others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
The Court and Individual Riqhts

an opportunity for presenta-
ton Of such facts to the
judge and might well have
affected the length Of
sentence"
The Chief Justice quoted
aptly from a pertinent opin-
ion by Justice Frankfurter
In another case. Had Mr..
Frankfurter held the same
view today. he would have
supplied the fifth vote toward
making the Warren opinion
the majority. But the rec
ord now Is made, and judges
throughout the country are
bound by the precedent
created. The Chief Justice
quite properly laments this
as he writes Of what has
been the custom in the past:
I'm the light Of the SEN
fences given In this type OF
case, ! doubt II any Judge in
the Federal system would
sumfnarily send O witness to
the penentiary for is months
for merely refusing to testify
in a grand jury investigation
OF whether q trucker Is
operating without an Intef-
state Commerce Commission
certificate. 1t Is quite obvious
that much Of the sentence
was for some reason collat-
eral to that investigation. It
is not SUFFICIENT for the pur-
pose Of increasing punish
ment to act on the suspicion
that the refusal Of q witness
to testify may rebound to the
interest Of a racketeer, and
on that basis deny him the
projections that Congress has
seen At to accord all wit
nesses before grand juries. II
such factors are to play a
part in the sentence the wit
ness Is entitled to q hearing
on notice"
The Chief Justice has put
his flneer on the procedural
weaknesses In criminal con-
tempt cases. The opportu-
nifty is too often denied a
citizen to present evidence
and argument through his
attorney on the concrete is
sues that may otherwise in
fluence q Judge arbitrarily
to impose drastic punish
ment for a minor offense.
Instead Of a jury of IL men.
a single Judge can summarily
punish. and apparently a
Supreme Court majority will
back him up.
tCoyprisht. 1850
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13

Gliding to conclude q cease
fire In Korea which produced
the impression in the Far
East that we had been de-
feated by the Reds and left
the entire question Of Korean
Unity wide open.
The reported close friend
ship between Gen. Eisen-
hover and his so-called war
time buddy, Marshal Zhukov,
was so much publicized In
this country and abroad that
1t gave the impression that
the correspondence between
the two men might bring
about a very close relation
ship between their two
countries. The fact that the
friendship" was rather per-
functory was overlooked until
the top Soviet soldier in
World War II was denoted
and disgraced by Khrush-
chev.
But all these manifesto
tions, including the reported
willingness Of Mr.. Eisenhower
to 60 anywhere and meet the
devil himself, provided it
served the cause Of humanity
and world peace, created the
atmosphere abroad that the
American President was so
peace-loving that he was
ready to accept the so-called
coexistence proffered by in
ternational Communists in
order to prevent another
conf1agration.
In the recent past any
American who had the OPP
portunity to talk to foreign
leaders who would let their
hair down found them down.
cast and pessimistic about
the ultimate outcome Of
the. free worlds struggle
against international COM
munism. This was accentu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
Fifteen-Month Prison Term for Man
Afraid to Testify Is Criticized


shall be by jury" But usage.
based on the English COM
mon law. has caused the
Constitution to be ignored.
Justice Black. In q historic
opinion a few years ago.
made an impressive argu-
ment for Jury trials In Grim
inal contempt cases. Senator
Talmadge Of Georgia has
introduced legislation at the
present session Of Congress
to require fury trials in all
cases Of contempt arising
from the disobedience Of
any injunction or restrain
ing order.
What was involved. how
ever, In the case Of Emanuel
Brown was not q restraining
order or Injunction but the
courts oral command that he
testify before q grand Jury.
He had already refused to do
so. and was brought into
court so that he could again
be requested to testify and
then punished.
The minority opinion de-
plores this as a violation Of
the Federal rules Of criminal
procedure and expresses a
belief that the punishment
was rather severe for the
kind Of offense charged. It
gives q list of other cases with
far less drastic penalties. The
Chief Justice also says:
1.-THE prosecutor indicated
to the court that the inquiry
(of the grand jury though
directed toward minor viola
tons Of the Interstate Com
merce Act. was really part
of an effort to discover facts
concerning notorious gangs
tiers suspected Of completely
in the Victor Reisel acid
throwing incident and general
racketeering in the southern
district of New York. In view
of the total absence Of any
intimation that petitioner
Emanuel Brown had vio-
lated the Interstate Com
merce Act, or was himself
guilty of criminal conduct.
the actual basis for his
refusal to testify may well
have been fear of CANISTER re-
prisals, Q not unreasonable
fear in such circumstances.
Regardless Of the legal sig
nifcance Of such q defense. q
hearing would have provided
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
DAVID LAWRENCE

In these days. when there
is so much talk about up
holding the Constitution. 1t
seems strange that the civil
rights" of an individual can
be wiped out overnight--and
he can be sent TO Jail for is
months--not because he vio-
lated any law or was himself
guilty Of criminal conduct
but because he was afraid to
testify In q case lest he suffer
gangster reprisals.
Yet. by q vote Of 5 to 4,
the Supreme Court Of the
United States now orders to
jail q man who Is innocent Of
any crime against his fellow
man. One Of the five votes
is by q justice who has not
yet been confirmed by the
Senate. Technically. Justice
Stewart is eligible to continue
serving till the end Of the
present session of the Senate,
though. unless confirmed. he
must then leave the bench.
II, however, he had not sat
on this case, the 4-to-4 deci-
sion would have had the ef-
feet Of upholding the lower
courts conviction Just the
same, but an unsound deci-
sion would not have become
the law of the land" Where
there Is a tie vote in the Su-
preme Court. no legal prece-
dent binding in other cases
of similar nature is created.
Some justices have for this
reason declined to sit until
confirmed.
The four who voted In
dissent were Chief Justice
Warren and Justices Black,
Douglas and Brennan. Their
written opinion is a MASTER
piece of logic and sound law.
They have often been criti-
cized in these dispatches in
other cases, but the view
point they expressed this
week on the right Of an
innocent man to be spared
unusual punishment because
of his refusal to testify be-
fore a grand jury is an excel
lent exposition of judicial
morality. 1t is a Pronunciation
of the arbitrary way that
criminal contempt cases can
be handled by tryannical
judges.
The Constitution says that
"the trial Of all crimes, ex-
cept in cases Of impeachment,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Near East Murkiness Aids Russia

'versiye apparatus Of inter-
national communism itself.
The other stick is Col.
Nasser. Though he now seems
to be threatening q break
with Moscow. there is great
doubt here that he could go
through with It, even II he
chose.
His regime Is infiltrated
by Soviet "technicians":: his
power rests on Soviet-bloc
arms. But even II he could
and would part with the
Russians. his CAPACITY for
making continued difficulty
for the West would hardly
decline. For what NasSer rep
resents, at, bottom. is a de-
termination to drive the last
Of Western influence from
the Middle East, This Is pre-
cisely the Kremlin's own
purpose. The job could be
done Just about as we'll by
a new" NaSSer shouting
curses at Moscow every If
teen minutes. so long as he
was simultaneously destroy
ing Western positions in the
Middle East in the name Of
"nationalism."
There is, as the old saying
goes. more than one way to
skin a cat. And the skinning
of our cat In the Middle East
was begun long ago. 1t was
begun when we took up the
great postwar clamor against
"colonialism" and assisted in
driving all Western power.
notably that Of the British.
from the Middle East.
For this. We got self
determination" in the Middle
East. And for this we got
"nationalism" in place Of bad
old colonialism; we got Mas
ser's kind of "nationalism."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
Reds Viewed as Not Winding Shipping
BY Nosser, If He Snipes at West, Too

An Israeli diplomat here
put the case with great plain
ness. There are no Middle
Eastern experts" he said.
There are only observers
with differing degrees Of ig-
norance.
"As for me-" this Israeli
friend went on with a smile.
II come from a land where
prophets (meaning the an
cient Hebrew prophets Of the
Bible) have been much hon.
ored over the centuries. But,
personally, I feel no desire
to attempt to become a
modern prophet about the
Middle East"
No one in the Washington
diplomatic community most
directly concerned pretends
to understand each and all
of the implications of the
renewed churning Of events
from the top Of the Nile to
the Persian Gulf.
Premier Abdel Karin Kas-
sem Of Iraq, where less ran
a year ago a kingly regime
was destroyed by a murder
Gus pro-Communist uprising,
has now himself put down a
rebellion. This one was a
revolt by Iraqi officers in
sympathy with, If not neces-
sarily directed by, the United
Arab Republic Egypt and
SYRIA Of Canal Abdel
Nasser.
Now, Col. NasSer, who
dreams Of an Arab empire,
is crying out against the
Communists in Iraq who
more closely surround Kas-
sem. But Nasser, himself,
has gained his own power
largely through Kremlin sup
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
Eisenhower Remarks Seen Reossuring
Free World and Impressinq Soviets

There was no immediate
reaction forthcoming from
the Kremlin bosses to the
strong words spoken Wednes-
day by President Eisenhower
at his news conference. But
there seems to be no doubt
In the minds Of responsible
State Department and Pen
tagon officials that Mr.. Ell
senhower's statements made
a prompt and real impress
sion on the Red diplomatic
and military policy makers.
The impression was greater
because the Communist and
free worlds have not been
accustomed to hearing such
dramatic and dire statements
from the American President.
Until very recently. Mr.. Ell
senhower has leaned back
ward to give the impression.
particularly abroad. that his
love Of peace and brother
hood among peoples went so
far as to be ready to adopt
appeasing policies to avert
any kind Of clash.
Equally. there was a real
feeling among our allies and
neutrals that, come what
may from the side OF ag-
gressive international COM
munism. this country would
not tolerate the use of nu-
clear weapons to repel any
aggression unless the Reds
started using their nuclear
weapons in a destructive
manner first. And this first
was to be applied to the
United States and its allies.
This was the Informed
speculation" this reporter
found on his last round-the-
world trip.
This peace loving philos-
ophy has characterized our
Chief Executive since he took
office. 1t resulted in his de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-13
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Hawaii becomes State It's famous for pineappes hula
skirts the fact that it's the only State in the Union with
out Democrat who thinks he's the next President
Republicans are happy about Hawaii Now thanks to the
time they can't possibly lose State in the Union
election night.
Brtans Macmillan says the Allies must stand firm but
not infexibe Kind of a resolute wobble, it were.
They've started a big construction job down in Bolivia
trying to repair the ravages of Time.
One thing about the Republican Party. It's about the
only exclusive club you join these days without getting
waiting list
Ike and Britans Macmillan will confer at Camp David
Caoctns II they get Ike to the summit at Least
they can haul him into the foothills.