davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
Spare the Horses

Want to get back safely
from your Labor Day week
end automobile trip? Con-
slider this three-part formula:
First: The long Labor Day
week end is a particularly
poor time to try to stretch"
a holiday. That's when many
drivers are rarin' to get to
their favorite holiday spot or
just don't give themselves
enough time to get back to
the Job. These are the drivers
who take chances on the
road. It's better to take a
shorter trip and return alive.
Second: No one can drive
at his best under the pres
sure of fatigue or emotional
distress. Eye-strain. inatten-
ton. poor judgment, and
slowed refiexes often result.
So 1t isn't safe to charge into
Labor Day traffic without
rest, q clear head and q re-
Taxed state Of mind.
Third: Driver behavior Is
the result of driver attitude.
Why press your luck by ag-
gressive driving to beat the
other driver? It's safer to
drive in keeping with actual
road conditions, as well as
the law, and to drive to avoid
neutrality-suspicious. situa-
tons.
Let's accept the time
proven psychology Of defen-
sive driving. always alert to
the unusual risks Of Labor
Day traffic, created by heed
less horsemen" roaring to the
graveyard in their powerful
chargers.
Anthony L. Ellison.
Traffic Safety Officer, Dis
trict Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
MCLEAN, Va.

Dear Sir:
IAN entirely different speci-
men Of wildlife than any I
have asked permission to in
troduce to your column has
made its appearance.
Three deer have been seen
in the lower part of a neigh
boring estate where the
meadow meets the woods.
1T is believed they follow
a small run, tributary to the
Potomac.
1T is unusual to see these
beautiful animals in a COM
munity which is so rapidly
developing; those of us who
have retained a part of the
virgin woods feel that we are
blessed by such visits.
Wandering so far from
their native habitat in West
Virginia and the mountains
OF Virginia and Pennsylvania,
these deer may be hurt by
the heavy traffic of Arlington
County.
Sincerely yours. o. E. c."
= = =
Drought during the late
spring drove many wild crea-
lures, especially rabbits, into
the rapidly developing sub
urban areas.
Even recent rains have done
little to change this picture.
The creatures have an ele-
m e tai understanding of
something wrong, in times of
drought.
Food and drink mean life
to them. and they must seek
food and water as best they
can.
A changing picture has been.
going on now for years, espe-
cially in regard to the song
birds, some of which are far
out of their habitat.
The evening grosbeaks were
the first birds in recent years
to come this far East from the
West.
We may expect more such
migrations, as time and tide
and bombs and building OPP
erations and drought and
many other factors make such
changes necessary.
4 \ \ 4
Poisoning Of terrains by
sprays is one.
Indiscriminate spraying
with high-powered insecti-
cides and pesticides may re-
suit in changes, some Of them
unknown. 80
We cannot be sure Of the
effects of sprays and fall
outs Of one sort or another
on the sensitive nature Of
birds. bees and other bene-
fetal insects.
Changes in crop patterns,
especially In the middle and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02

II additional Juvenile Court
judges are appointed, as now
appears q must" and II the
police force is increased by
500 men, these will merely be
stop-gap measures to curb
District crime conditions.
We could put q policeman
on every corner and appoint
a dozen additional judges and
no Improvement will be eff
fected until we stop putting
the reformation of criminals
ahead of the peace, safety
and health of the whole mass
Of law-abiding people.
/ include health because
testimony is piling up that
fear is at the bottom Of many
physical ailments Of the
thousands filling hospital
beds and psychiatrists' Offices.
When q woman cannot walk
In safety upon our streets
after dark 1t is clear street
crimes are having a devastat-
ing effect upon the health Of
the whole feminine popula-
ton.
Will we continue to coddle
the criminal by listening
longer to the moral suasion-
lists" who insist upon putting
reformation of the criminal
ahead Of everything else. or
are we, at long last, ready to
take a common-Sense view OF
the matter and reserve the
pardoning, parole and COM
mutation of sentences until
there is some evidence Of
repentance upon the part of
the wrongdoer? When young
gangsters are old enough and
big enough to beat up a
policeman and take his gun
away from him, they are suf-
ficiently adult to be held to
adult responsibility.
We find ourselves in our
present mess because a group
Of sincere and well-meaning
theorists have over the past
quarter Of a century per-
suaded legislators to enact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02

with q dignified silence these
cutting barbs: nevertheless,
they must have ranked. ugly
Americans"-yes. we have
them. And billions of dollars
spent in foreign aid will not
negate the effect Of these
rude remarks by our country
men.
Katherine G. Sfrnua
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
That's Peculiar?

AS an EngllShman who be-
came an American, I was
much concerned to read in
The Star Of August 20 an
account Of the peculiar treat
ment which President Eisen-
hover received while visiting
Queen Elizabeth II in Scot
land.
OF course, ! have only the
bare report to go on, and I
am able to hazard only a re-
mote guess as to why the
Queen would have acted in
the manner she did in unex-
pectedly greeting Mr.. Eisen-
hover in person. It could
have been that Her Majesty
did not have the guest room
at Balmoral Castle ready, or
maybe the servants had mis-
laid the clean linen. 1t is
even possible that there no
longer exists q guest room at
the castle, but ! do know
there are some coy sofas in
the big living room on which
- in an emergency - the
President could have spent
the night, or even one of the
very comfortable armchairs
would have served to provide
him with a relaxing nap. But
no!
I realize the Presidents
golf does bring about a GER
tain interest in grass, but it
shocked me to read that "Mr.
Eisenhower said his farewell
on the lawn Of Balmoral
Castle. where he spent the
night as guest Of the Queen
and Prince Philip"
I have considered writing
Her Majesty and gently
scolding her a little. But per-
haps / should not do this.
After all, it could be that this
particular Star reporter ex-
perienced a little difiiculty in
writing the Queens English.
1t sure has me all balled up.
Edward H. Bird.
EDITORS Note: To an
Englishman, the reference
was doubtless confusing. To
an American, the meaning
was obvious. The President
was merely sounding out SEN
timent at the grass roots-an
old political custom.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02

NEW YORk.-Almost two
thirds Of the earth's surface
is covered by the world
ocean.
Its abysses. some seven
miles deep, remain less known
today than the visible face
Of the moon.
1t was the cradle Of life,
that curious and conceited
terrestrial phenomenon, back
in the dawn Of earthly time.
1t still Is the most abundant
abode Of living things, many
OF them grotesquely fantas-
tic plants and animals man
probably never has seen. It's
floor, which some maintain
may be part Of the primaeval
surface of a hot. barren
world, is a place Of .!nky
blackness full of intermit-
tently flashing lights, Of tow
ering mountain ranges, vast
prairies. miles-deep chasms,
writing, tangled jungles.
Its paths are not thy
paths" wrote Byron a CEN
fury ago. This remained al
most literally true up to the
start of that great co-opera-
tive effort, the International
Geophysical Year when the
worlds great nations COM
bined resources to fathom
the mysteries of sea, earth
and sky. Up to then man had
little more than scratched
the crust-it really has O.
crust-of the great deep. The
United States, Britain, Rus
STA, France. Denmark, Bel
GUM and some others main
tanned exploring ships with
the most advanced scientific
equipment.
Much Is Learned
A vast amount of detail
about the world ocean at all
depths was secured. Most Of
1t remains undigested and
uncoordinated. Yesterday
more than 1000 delegates
from all over the world
opened meetings at the
United Nations building here
at which during the next two
weeks several hundred reports
Of findings will be presented
and discussed.
Primary attention today
was on the floor Of the world
ocean with its five major
divisions. The bottoms of the
great seas have been pretty
well explored during the past
two years with echoing depth
finders and other devices
which have given at least a
superficial idea of the nature
OF the submarine terrain.
More than half the sea area
is taken up by one great
ocean, the Pacific. The nature
OF its floor was described in
several reports.
One Of the most notable
was that Of DR.. G. B. Udin-
tzev of the Soviet Academy of
Science who told Of discovery
OF an almost continuous sue
cession Of great sea bottom
trenches extending from
Alaska to New Zealand.
In these trenches, described
as Tong, extended. narrow
depressions with steep slopes
on the bottom Of the. ocean,"
are some Of the deepest waters
in the world. The Russian ex-
ploring ship Vitiaz spent more
than two years exploring
those in the western Pacific.
The studies, DR.. Udintzev
said. were extremely difficult
due to the great depths and
narrow widths of the depres-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02

5. Reserve prob a II on or
communication of sentences
in the case Of second Of
tenders for those showing
convincing evidence Of re-
pentance and an abandon
ment of q tough" attitude
toward law enforcem en- t
agencies.
8. Impose very severe SEN
fences on those engaging in
gang attacks upon policemen,
including If necessary the
use of corporal punishment
by the lash.
Then let us say to the
criminal population in gen.
eral: Society will see that
you have opportunity for
education. recreation, and
announcement and help in
fitting yourself for useful
work, and then q job. If,
after that, you make it clear
by your criminal activities
that you intend to get a liv-
ing by your wits. without
work and at the expense of
your fellow man, then we
will retire you from circu-
lation."
Frank G. Campbell.
I disagree with your edi-
torial. THE Marines Are Not
Needed" What good will a
dozen more judges do If they
continue to be as lenient as
they have been? They, more
often than not, place crimi-
mails on probation or release
them entirely, and these
hoodlums are well aware of
that. When judges begin to
dish out severe sentences.
such as making a few sit in
the electric chair, then I feel
pretty certain our crime will
all but stop entirely. But so
long as they are $50 nice" to
them, we still will not be able
to walk the streets.
Reader.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Nan Learns More About Ocean
By THOMAS r. HENR

sions and were possible only
with development Of new
types Of echo saunders.
Presence Of narrow, deep
trenches. hitherto unrecord-
ed, was established all along
the Melanesian Island chain.
the Russian oceanographer
reported. They are from 49,
600 to $4,000 feet deep, from
5000 to 1000 feet deeper
than the ocean floor depres-
sions adjoining them.
This chain Of trenches, DR..
Udintzev said, extends along
the western part Of New
Guinea. the Admiralty Is
lands. and north of the Fiji
Islands. 1t closes the gap. he
said, in a chain Of trenches
extending from the coast of
Alaska to New Zealand.
Features Of great similar
ity in all the trenches Of the
western margins Of the Pa
cific have been established"
he said. "They all are char
acterized by steep slopes,
breaks in these slopes in q
series Of steps and lodges,
and in the deepest parts mar
row stretches Of level. nearly
fiat bottom"
Greatest depths Of more
than five miles were deter.
mined by the Vitiaz echo
saunders.
The long line Of deep. mar,
row sea bottom valleys, IL
was indicated, may repre-.
sent some ancient break In
the crust Of the earth.
Other Reports
Another report was that Of
DR.. Big Chingchang of the
Geological Survey of the
Free China Republic Of For
mosa. He carried out seismic
surveys around the great
Philippine basin, diamond
shaped with each side nearly
1000 miles long.
A notable finding was that
Of great chasms, or cracks"
in the sea floor, presumably
due to slow drifting Of parts
Of this floor. The nature and
direction Of these cracks, the
Chinese geologist said, seem
to indicate clearly that the
floor of the western Pacific
now is drifting slowly north
ward while the great land
mass Of Asia is moving south.
ward a few inches q year.
Dean s. Carder, Of the
United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey reported eff
forts to determine something
of the sub-structure of the
equatorial Pacific by measur-
ing the speed of shock waves
through the floor set OF by
nuclear bomb test explosions
at Eniwetok and Bikini. Such
waves move at different
rates depending on the kind
OF rock through which they
travel above the so-called
Mohorovicic discontinuity, at
the bottom of the earth's
crust. Speeds of arrival were
measured at three stations in
the Carolines. Marianas and
New Britain, covering distan-
ces Of about 1000 miles.
They indicated q thickness
of from Is to Is miles Of
crust oyer the discontinuity.
The variations in travel time,
DR.. Carder reported. indi-
Gated essential continental
conditions on the sea floor
near Guam and Rabaut.
There long have been theor.
les of a sunken Pacific con-
tinent. .
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used "
letters carry iDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
Dishonoring Lincoln?

I wonder, II by inviting
the king Of all slave-masters,
Nikita /. to our country we
don't mock the liberator of
slaves. Abraham Lincoln.
whom we honor by declaring
this year as Memorial Year
Of Lincoln? Irene Greene.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02

@. When was the hotel
called Cataract House built
at Niagara Falls?-R.N.
A. Cataract House was
built in 1925. The hotel was
ruined by fire, without loss
of life, on october IA, 1945,
and it was later razed. Saved
from the blaze were hotel
registers containing the
names of Abraham Lincoln,
Grover Cleveland. Franklin
D. Roosevelt, King Edward
VII and King George v.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
Answers to Questions
BY THE HASKINS SERVI(

A reader can get an answer. BY
writing The Star Information Ru-
reau. 636 r street NV, Washington
4. d. c Please enclose return postage
or self-addressed stamped envelope.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19
Senate Vote
On Strauss

Here is the 1916 vote by
which the Senate rejected con-
firmation of Lewis L. Strauss
as Secretary of Commerce:
ron rnnrFon Ar1aH a,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19

slot-machine during his cross
country dash.
IF Mr.. Strauss is not con-
firmed. Ill be mad" he said.
BY this time there were
many conflicting predictions
about the arrival time Of the
third Of the absentees, Senator
Young. Republican Of North
Dakota. who had the bitterest
Journey Of all. Senator Young
had gone TO Devils Lake in his
home State for the celebration
Of Milton Young Day." q desig-
nation that could hardly be UNI
appreciated BY a man coming
up for reelection. But instead
Of folksy festivity. Senator
Young got the bad news from
Senator Dirksen.
Senator Dirksen informed
the press that Senator Young
was at that moment aloft In q
jet-tanker, with only one little
window. and that he was due
In Washington at 3:25 am.
He pooh-poohed the notion
that Senator Young would be
paired or that he might miss
the vote. Imagine how he
would feel, said Senator Dirk
sen persuasively. II he came
roaring UP to the Capitol and
found 1t locked. And what
would people say? Why, that
he was foolish not to have
stayed in the first place.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19
Strauss Sees
Final Verdict
In History

- j 81
Lewis L. Strauss. whose nom
ination for the post Of secre-
tary Of Commerce was turned
down by the Senate early to-
day, made this formal state
ments:
BY appointment Of the Pres
ident. ! have been serving as
Secretary Of Commerce since
November 10, 1858.
"A majority of the Senate
has now decided against con-
firmation Of that appointment.
Il am most grateful to Presi-
dent Eisenhower for his un-
swerving confidence.
II am grateful to those Sem
ators Of both parties who voted
in favor Of my confirmation.
II deeply appreciate the mes
sages from the many hundreds
Of friends and strangers from
all over the country who have
encouraged me by their support.
To them / would say this:
1T has been a privilege to
have served our country for
so many years.
II have done the best ! knew
how to do-to protect and de-
fend the national security even
when that was not the recog-
nized, nor easy. nor popular
course of action, at the time.
Il leave with confidence that
history will be just"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19
SENATE RE- LECTION OF STRAUSS
is TERMED LOSS BY PRESIDENT

Here is the comment President Eisenhower made for
press radio and teevison this morning the 6enates
rejection Of Lewis L. Strauss Secretary Of Commerce.
Last night the Senate refused TO confirm the
nation as Secretary OF Commerce Of Lewis Strauss
man who In war and In peace has served his Nation
loyalty. honorably and effectively under four different
Presidents
II am losing truly valuable associate in the business
Of Government More than thisi the Nation Is TO be
denied the right to have public servants in responsible
positions men of his proven character ability and in
tegrity then indeed 1t is the American people who are
the losers through this sad episode" y.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19

the city. When the majority
leader made known his determ-
nation to get a vote. the Re.
publicans were forced to stage
an old-faShioned fllibuster to
give their three absentees time
to fly back to Washington.
For nearly 10 hours, ending
at midnight. Republican SEN
ators held the floor, talking in
a conversational tone TO a half
empty chamber. The principal
speakers were Senators Keat-
ing and Javits OF New York and
Goidwater Of Arizona.
Late in the evening Senator
Goldwater obligingly permitted
Senator Morse, Democrat Of
Oregon, to take the floor for
more than 30 minutes in an
other attack on Mr.. Strauss.
When the Oregonian had
finished. Senator Goldwater
drew a laugh from the crowded
galleries by remarking that this
was the first non-partisan fill
buster he had seen staged in
the Senate.
During the two weeks Of
floor debate, Democrats insisted
that Mr.. Strauss had tried to
deceive the Commerce Com
mittee. and had abused the use
Of secrecy and executive privi-
lege in withholding information
from congressional committees.
Supporters Of Mr.. Strauss adj
mitted that he was a man Of
positive views and firm con-
victions. but denied that he had
deceived the committee.
Dirksen Closes Debate
Senate Republican Leader
Dirksen OF Illinois. in closing
the debate just before the roll
call, said:
II can think of only one COM
parable situation In history
analogous to the problem that
confronts the Senate tonight.
1t goes back to the reign of
Henry VIII and to his Lord
Chancellor, Cardinal Wolsey.
Cardinal Wolsey was charged
with treason and was on, the
way to the Tower Of London
to be tried. and to his success
sor, Thomas Cromwell, Shake
speare makes him say in sub
stance:
"'If I had served my God as
I had my king, He would not
have deserted me and given me
over In my gray hairs"
Senator Dirksen said Mr..
Strauss has served his country
under four Presidents "honor-
ably and we'll"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19
SENATE
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
matter Of law but Of person
atty.
The FIRST Of the wanderers
was welcomed back about 1890
He was Senator Morton, Of
Kentucky, who had scarcely put
his foot on the ground in Den.
yer. where he was scheduled tc
put new heart into Q Youne
Republicans convention, when
he got word from Senator Dirk
sen that he was more urgently
needed at home.
As Republican national chair
man. Senator Morton must look
on the bright side Of things fol
his party. and he said last night
that he felt that the return Of
the absentees had taken the
pressure of" and that the vote
would be put over until today
The second would-be rescuer
came gathering up to the door
an hour later. He was Sena-
tor Bennett, Republican OF
Utah. who was overtaken by
telephone by Senator Dirksen in
Salt Lake City. Senator Dirk
sen urged him TO get In touch
with either the National Guard
or the Hill Air. Force Base.
The Air Force came through
with a Jet training plane. which
whooShed the Senator into
Washington at l0:45. He was
greeted by cars from both the
Senate Republicans and the
White House. His entrance
into the Senate chamber went
unremarked.
Senator Bennett said he was
tired and hungry. He had en-
joyed the Jet ride but had
eaten only q sandwich from a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19

The bitterness OF the Senate's
battle over Lewis L. Strauss
overfiowed into post-vote COM
ment today.
One Of the strongest state
ments came from Senator Hugh
Scott Of Pennsylvania, q for
mer Republican national chair
man. He said:
"A band Of bitter men have
wrought political execution OF
an honored public servant
Lewis L. Strauss, one Of those
who made possible the defense
OF the United States by the
IH-bomb.
This Is an ugly and bitter
retaliation for great and patri-
I3tic service. Those who par
ticipated in this unfortunate
action will have to live with
their own deeds and account
for them to the public at the
polls. I surmise that some OF
them will have rough going"
Senator Javits, Republican
Iof New York. called the vote
"most regrettable."
"The Senate action will,
believe. be widely considered as
running counter to the tradi-
tional respect for the Presi-
dents right to choose his cabi-
met and therefore OF the
integrity OF the presidential
function as q separate branch
Of the Government" he de-
clared.
Senator Harrison A. williams
Democrat Of New Jersey, said
he voted against Mr. Strauss
because the nominee deliber-
ately misled Congress and the
public on numerous occasions.
THE fundamental reason for
my negative vote is the clear
evidence land to my mind un-
refuted evidence that Admiral
Strauss is almost totally in
sensitive to very basic princi-
pie OF our constitutional form
lOf government % he eofa
Mr.. Strauss has demonstrated
that when he is caught in an
embarrassing position he pre-
fers to mislead the Congress
rather than to admit error or
an embarrassing situation. /"
Senator Williams said.
Senator Hart. Democrat of
Michigan, said he voted against
confirmation Of Mr.. Strauss not
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-19
Strauss Vote Bitterness
Overflows in Comment

because Of any policy disagree
ment but because ''he did not
give straightforward replies to
questions asked him" in hear
ings on his nomination.
There must be confidence
that the chief Of the executive
agency will respond forth
rightly and fully to questions
asked Of him." Senator Hart
said.