davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

datory requirement that a state
divide itself into districts at all
and we do have at least one state
in which the representative are
elected at large. There is no re-
quirement that the districts be
contiguous or that there be any
semblance of equality in popula-
ton, or that the representative
elected reside in the district.
This week, a subcommittee OF
the Judiciary Committee com
menced hearings on bills to re-
quire dividing states into dis
trictS, to require that the districts
be compact and contiguous, and
to require that the various dis
trlcts Of a state approximate each
other in population. In the event
a state should not follow the fed.
eral proposal with regard to re,
districting, citizen of the state
might appeal to the federal dis
trict court. Without this latter
provision any such question
would have to be determined by
the House itself and past history
indicates that the House woulc
be inclined to sustain the actor
| Of the state.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
Let's Keep Our Town Clean

When motorists are passing thru our
village it is reasonable to assume their inn
pressions of the village are firmly establish
ed -. be they good or bad.
The village Of Caldwell has always main
tanned a certain amount Of pride with respect
to having clean, well-kept village and
point its residents have felt is the result Of
an effort being made to maintain that enVl-
able impression.
However, there are always times and
conditions that give thought that things could
be different if a constant watch was not be-
ing made to maintain our civic pride.
1t is indeed most provoking to see Strang-
ers, regardless of their intent, to take certain
liberties that eventually tend to break down
custom or a practice that might deter from
keeping our village looking its best.
We wish to point out that only last week
a person from a neighboring county took the
liberty of placing posters on utility stand
ards on the main thOroughfare Of our village.
Their positions take a commanding SPOT for
attracting motorists to the celebration being
planned in that community, but at the same
time the posters certainly detract from max
ing Caldwell look appealing to a stranger
passing thru.
In the first place, we are advised that the
person posting the displays was not author
lied by MaVOr Chester HoWiler, consequently
the persons conduct could easily be cOnSid-
cred as being in violation of a village ordi-
nance for using public or personal property
without permission.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

Who put the fireworks in the Fourth of
July?
Much of the credit goes to John Adams,
according to The World Book of Encycloped
ia. The Founding Father declared that indie
pendence Day "ought to be solemnized with
pomp and parade, with shows, games, sports,
guns bells, bonfires, and Examinations, from
one end Of this continent to the other from
this time forward for evermore."
So, from that time forward, the birthday
of the u. S. has been marked by brilliant ex
plosons of color and noise and the deaths
and accidents that invariably accompany
them.
Americans, however, got the idea for
fireworks from Europeans, who got the idea
from the Arabs, who merely copied the Chin
eSe.
In 1882 AID, when a Chinese city was be-
sieged by MongOls, the defenders cooked up
a batch Of saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal and
frightened their attackers with arrows of
flying fire.
Arabs were quick to copy these weapons
which probably were rockets. The Crusaders
brought them back to Europe, where the
Italians discovered that they made fancy eX-
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

It will also require the work of our will
age maintenance crew to eventually elmi-
nate the torn, hanging cardboards from the
standards which already has resulted in some
instances from the recent rains and winds,
There is no doubt but what more sane
approach could have been taken by the or
ganizatiOn doing the promoting of the cele-
bration than by cluttering up a community.
First it makes the town look bad and
secondly, it presents a work hazard for the
utility men when making needed repairs to
the lines It is true that companies discour-
age the use of utility poles for tacking posters
Often a worker is injured when his climber
spikes strike tack or nail causing him to
lose his balance and fall.
Because Of these two important factors
we can see the immediate need of stopping all
such types of posting, REGARDLESS whether it is
within the corporation limits of a village or
out in the county area.
This responsibility lies within the legiS-
latVe authority invested in our village coun-
Gil. We urge them to take action to curb the
work of irresponsible persons who fail to CO.
operate with village officials in irving tc
maintain neat looking town or who lack
the courtesy of even asking for permission tt
erect such signs.
Rest assured, if person from our com
munitv was to visit that nearby sourtherr
city, his presence would have been detected
immediately, and his conduct would have
been considered most disreSpectful.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
July Fourth. 1859

hibitions as well as formidable weapons
By the time fireworks spread to England
and France, figures and structures of wood
and plaster had been added.
In 1920, when Henry VIII met Francis I
on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in northern
France, the historic moment was celebrated
by the appearance Of huge dragon that
thundered across the sky breathing fire.
By the l600's fireworks had developed
into such an art that two schools of thought
had arisen to argue over methods of display.
The Southern school, centered in Italy,
concentrated on building elaborate structures
such as castles and temples, from which the
fireworks were exploded. The technique of
setting off the fireworks was shrouded in
mystery.
The Northern school, influenced by the
Protestant movement in Germany thought
the Italian procedure smacked of popery. The
Northerners exhibited their fireworks before
the show, for all to admire, and then made
them the important part of the display
While the two schools fumed over their
firecrackers, fireworks crossed the Atlantic
and became an American institution.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
Hidden Taxes

Bewildering to the average wage-earner
in Noble county, whose income has risen con-
siderably in recent years, is what happens to
all that extra money How can it disappear
SO fast
One thing is known at the end of the
month there is precious little left.
The answer dear Brutus, is two-fold. For
one thing, you are living better than you did
way back there and are paying more for what
you buy.
The other is that you are being nicked
for more taxes - Federal state and local -
than you realize.
You thought that about fifth Of your in
come was being taken for taxes. That was
what was asked Of typical Noble county
family, whose income last year averaged
$4880 gross, before taxes.
Actually, because of 'hidden taxes"
much more is siphoned off. In your case,
these extras boost the payments for your fam
lily to approximately $3.50 year, according
to a study made by the Tax Foundation, a
non-profit organization devoted to more eff
ficent government.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

The hidden taxes are applied all along
the line on nearly everything you eat or use.
They are concealed in the prices you pay.
Take, for example, the S711 in taxes (S345
visible and 1866 hidden) on a $4,000 car. The
invisible part includes Federal excise taxes
on the radio and heater, a weight tax on the
rubber tires the dealers property, income
and other taxes the license and title fees and
a host of others
The Tax Foundation estimates that there
are Isl separate taxes represented in an ordi-
nary loaf Of bread They range from the
transportation taxes paid by mid-western
flour mill and the license plates on its sales
mems cars to the grocers telephone tax, All
are passed on to the consumer.
Counting hidden taxes, Noble county res
idents paid tax collectors an estimated 81 $685.
900 in the past year. according to latest fig
ures. 1t came from gross earnings of SIG, l04
000
The average family, it develops, turns
back about third of its income for taxes
rather than the one-fifth it thinks it does
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
yOA0G0AA9 eCea sDoA
-.with JAMES e. NCEBRETsEN
psss;dsna. Spisisvsl Mohiiixaiiea
TO KEEP LIFE WORTH
LIVING

That noted statesman from Le-
banon, Charles Malik, put a
much-needed emphasis to Amer
ica in a speech the other day. In
urging a mighty spiritual re-
vival" to counteract the Com
munist "warfare-by -subversion,'
he said
Free representative govern
ment, the primacy Of the human
person. the moral law, the con-
tinuity Of history, freedom,
truth, and God--it is these things
that are at stake today.
"They are all rejected and
opposed from without, and some
of them are doubted or COM
promised from within. Is life
worth living without them? And
yet if people do not wake up,
life will not be worth living!'
1t was said even better in the
shadow of Lebanon 1000 years
ago: 'What shall it profit man
to gain the whole world if he
lose his soul?"
For, the surprising material
abundance Of America may be
her body, but the heritage of
freedom, the dignity of the
individual, morality, truth, and
faith in God are the American
soul. Without these, Our ma
terial bounty would not only be
not 'profitable" but eventually
impossible.
Means without meaning, pow
er without principle, status with
out self-respect, gadgetry with
out God-that's what the Com
munistS want for US. They know
that to conquer the flesh they
must first conquer the spirit.
| Yet we deem dangerously
eager to kill off our spiritual
values without Communist help!
We had better listen TO Mallk:
IF people do not wake up, life
will not be worth liVing!'
Photo observation-disclosures
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

Red Johnson, owner of the
local hardware store, likes TO
keep business simple--''pay as
you CO." says Red.
Recently, to emphasize the
point, Red had a sign painted
for the store window. In big
red letters, it read: "Pleasc-
absolutely no checks accepted
pay in cash only"
When the sign painter had
finished the sign, he delivered
it to Red and named his price
ten dollars. every reasonable y
said Red. And the next thing
you know he was handing the
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
M GIaAhington
with Rep. John Henderson

In these days of an increas-
ingly more powerful federal
government in which the rights
and authority of the state are
becoming more reduced, dis
cussion has turned to the matter
of uniformity in the apportion-
ment practices of the states for
the election of members of the
House of Representatives.
A bitter controversy ragged in
the days Immediately preceding
the adoption of the Constitution
by the several states. At that
moment the sovereign rights of
the states were complete and
many opposed the formation of
federal government in which
| some of that power would be
surrendered to a federal or CEN
tral government. The new Con-
| Stitution which the states were
| being asked to ratify provided
that the representatives to the
new Congress were to take an
oath of allegiance to the federal
government and were to be paid
by the federal government.
There were objections to such
provisions, many feeling that ii
they were federal officials they
would not remain entirely loyal
to their states inasmuch as they
had pledged their allegiance and
were receiving their salaries
from another government. In
many other respects state lden-
titv was maintained by con-
stitutional guarantee, such as the
guarantees that each state should
have at least one representative,
and that the times, places and
manners of holding elections fo1
senators and representatives
should be prescribed by the
legislature of each state. In prac-
tice, the method by which the
states should be divided into
Congressional Districts has beer
left pretty much to the state
legislatures themselves.
Ohio Will Gain
The Ohio Legislature has de-
termined its own course IN thu:
respect. For great number o
years, Ohio had % Districts ane
at various times had one or tWt
additional members Of Congress
who were elected from the STATE
at large. The Ohio Legislator
enlarged its districts to % Il
1852. New problems will arlS
shortly after the 1860 censu
when it will undoubtedly deVelol
that Ohio and other grOWlni
states will have increased thel
population figures to the poin
where they will be entitled t
additional representation IN tn
Congress. Some other states WI
find that they will have lost on
or more members of the HOuSt
The addition of Alaska an
Hawaii to the Union add to tn
difficulties because since each
them are guaranteed under tn
Constitution at least one seat
Congress the remainder Of tn
nation which was once repre-
sented by 435 will be reduced
a representation of 433.
The present size of the HouE
was established in 1911 Whe
representation was increase
from a pre-established level (
1856. Although the 1860 censl
will indicate a nation which h;
experienced a phenomenal grow
tn, there is little enthusiasm II
increasing the size OF the Hou
of Representatives beyond
: present figure.
Uniformity
However, legislation with +
gard to apportionment has be'
2 introduced to attack some 9th
problems, which will undout
edly raise opposition from stat
IN objecting to Washington esta
As fishing methods or guidelineS
ne be used in redistricting. At t
present time there is no ma
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

BarneSVille - Monroe county
residents who depend greatly
upon the facilities of the Barnes
vile hospital, have their first
representative on the governing
board Of the Barnesville institu-
ton. Robert j. Kegerreis, sue
cessful Woodsfield businessman,
has been named to the hospital
board of trustees, this week.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
y / Fl; I! :, g.; -
KNOO'S ] kooN t1OLIER SssssssS>>=-====--
- ". S. "A.
The eHoymow

you Ohio you recall
the delightful hours spent out in the haymo nestled in the
hay listening to the the old tin roof
Threatening clouds curtain the sky hiding and fore
casting Breakfast lighted lamp much later than
sunny days.
day upon farm hidden by drizz
out to the haymow, the rendezvous of all farm life.
The old white disturbed futter at the
wild Rufus John, Mary Ella and Marx
mad rush Chamber hand hand the ladder find their
special close the roof the symphony
playing melodies the old barn roof.
BY and by boys grow leave the ply their
other fields; build
life to hold their place strong pillars in the Nations life
Back of the who rule the day. will find the pow the
team the soil, fireplace. food and air.
great strength grows
in that climb, hand the ladder
the hay mother dreams; the shrine of every farm
have adventure then
missed something worth while.
Sam Stle
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
THE MEXICAN VA Y

sure and perseverance to achi-
eve his aims.
His first attempt at public
office in 1887, is an example
of his perseverance,. He and
four other UAW brass ran for
the office of city councilmen in
Detroit, Reuther finished
fifteenth in field of seven
teen.
Reuther then decided to take
the role of kingmaker, rather
than that of a politician. c..
Mennen Williams, a Crosse
Pointe socialite, eager to carve
himself a name in the politics
of Michigan, was his first prize
prodigy.
By an accidental set of poll
tical circumstances, Williams
became governor of Michigan
and Reuther and Gus Schoole,
his political aide-de-camp,
moved into the capitol.
At the same time, Reuther
gained control of the Demo-
crat party machinery in metro
politan Wayne county to as
sure virtual control Of the
party's state convention.
Since Reuther gained control
of the party machinery and
elected Williams in l94S, he
has used Michigan as an ex-
perimental state in. winning
elections.
Michigan Republicans will
concede that the efforts of the
| Democrat-Labor coalition have
been uneXcelled in the nation
because the combine has two
real ingredients for successful
political campaign money
and manpoWer.
Where the old-time political
machine used political patron
age jobs to keep the legmen
working, the union uses paid
organizers and shop stewards
Should they fall down on the
job, there is a new organizer on
steward on the payroll.
Money is no object in putting
a candidate across. The Demo
crat-Labor politicians spend it
| More important in their bic
for control is the year-rounc
campaigning they do in form
ulating the opinion of theil
own people, and general pub
lie as well. The public issue:
are always the same.
Michigan is the example
today of what happens when
special interest has an iron grill
on both the economy and poll
tical machinery of state. TIL,
question is whether other state
will learn a lesson from it, o
become trapped in the sam
kind of a mess.
--------------
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
MICHIGAN'S SAD PLIGHT
BY George Peck

In May this year seven mil
lion people living in Michigan
went through the PAGES in cele-
brating michigan Week" j." The
observance is a Seven-day an
nual affair conceived several
years ago by the Michigan
Economic Development Com
mission to attract tourists and
promote the state industrially.
But this year Michiganders
had little to celebrate, despite
the great advantages the state
has to offer, because the gov
ernment of the state of Mlchi-
gan is broke.
Few people within and still
fewer outside of its borders
would listen to the many at
fractions Michigan has to offer.
Why? Michigan today is known
from coast to coast as "Wel-
fare State" It deserves no such
label because the state has so
many fine attributes; so much
to offer in terms of resources,
skilled manpoWer, tranSporta-
ton, raw materials and civic
consciousness.
Admittedly, the state is in a
financial mess. The state gov
ernment is living from hand to
mouth.
But the financial mess and
the need for more taxes is only
a symptom of the disease that
struck Michigan. Michigan S
trouble is political, not econ
omic. The situation has been
in the making for % years. The
story behind the Michigan
story had its birth in violence
in 1886 in the industrial city
of Flint. 1t LAUGHED a move
ment that has made both the
political and economic climates
of the state one and the same
1t gave birth to one of the
nations most powerful poIltl,
cal machines.
When Walter Reuther, red
headed boss of the UAW-ClO
gained great economic power
in Michigan, he didn't stol
there. He also took over con-
troll of the Democrat party.
This all added up to Specia
interest atmosphere at the bar
gaining table, in the governor
office, the state House, tn,
state Supreme Court and th'
myriad of state governmental
| bureaus.
TO keep the Democrat-Labo
political machine we'll olIec
fantastic promises were mad
to the people. Like the old
fashioned political machine:
the Williams Reuther combin
| delivered with funds from tn
state treasury.
| Today Michigan is broke
Somebody has to pay the Pie
Piper.
Homer Martin, leader of tn
UAW in 1886, oft-times sal
that he had an agreement wit
the then Democratic govern(
) that the state would not inte
fere in the General Moto
! strike at Flint, and later in II
. Ford strike at Dearborn.
: This governor was the la
/ Frank Murphy, who school'
S the present Gov. Williams
practical politics, first as
2 assistant state attorney, al
then later as an attache to Il
U. S. Supreme Court.
Reuther was in the 1886 pi
,, ture, fresh from Russia. He w
later to take over the UAN
. CIO, oust Martin and set up
- political-labor movement tn
would seize the government
Michigan.
Reuther in 1886 knew whe
! he was going, as he does
1859. He is for Reuther fir
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

Wellington -- Parents, advisors
and members of various All
Horsemanship clubs have been
working weekends to erect the
new All horse barn at the
LOrain county fairgrounds. Even
with the part-time efforts it is
expected the new 180 by go foot
building will be completed by
July |.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

recently installed at the Quaker
City plant of Broughton's Farm
Dairy, Inc. 1t is Of the self-un-
loading type. The new chnn
can handle 1000 to 1900 pounds
per load.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
STOP ITCHING!
IN IS MINUTES,

After using ITCH-ME-NOT, get your
48c back IF THE ITCH NEEDS
SCRATCHING. You feel the medica
ton take hold. Itch and burning disap-
pear! Use instant-drying ITCH-ME-
NOT day or night for eczema, ring
worm. insect bites, foot itch, other sur
face raSheS. TODAY at Ralston ReXall
Store
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
From where sit ... BY Joe Marsh
Don't "Check"
Will, Red!

fellow a check for ten dollars!
From where I sit, some rules
we make boil down to don't
do as do, do as l say" II re-
minds me Of a friend who
drank nothing but iced tea and
criticized the fact that / pre-
ferred glass of beer. That's
not only annoying, it's intoi-
Grant. Good neighborS should
make tolerance the rule with
more do" and less SAY"
9be M~s4x
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
OHIO
HAPPENINGS

Jefferson - A broken neck has
resulted in complete paralysis
from the neck down for Stephen
r. Hedges, 20, of Geneva, who
was thrown out Of his pickup
truck after losing control. He
also suffered facial decorations.
Eaton - A quick thinking
trucker wrecked his semi rig on
route 1877 Monday, when he was
IN danger of hitting q child. John
p. Lindsey, driver Of the truck,
told the officer that he was south
bound on route 1877 when he saw
a child run from the Neal resi-
dence toward the road. The
trucker said he swerved his truck
to keep from hitting the child
then looked back to see if he
had missed the youngster. That
was when the semi dropped off
the road and Lindsey lost con-
| troll.
Steubenville - Officials of the
College of SteubenVille have re-
leased an architects drawing OF
the library to be built on the
new campus on College Heights
The library is the gift of Mr.. and
Mrs. Michael StaWaggi, of Weir
ton. StaWaggi is widely known in
industrial circles.
Woodsfield - One of.the larg
est largemouth bass caught il
Monroe county this year wa!
taken by Herb Ring, Jr., las
Thursday evening. Weighing five
pounds and two ounces. the
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

beauty was taken on hulu pop
per in a farm pond. The fish
measured q inches in length.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

Quaker City - A new stain
less steel butter churn is one
of the major items of equipment
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02
- OHIO HAPPENINGS

a parade at 100 p. N. and various
types of entertainment in the
afternoon.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-07-02

Spencerville, Ohio, town
with no steel plant within As
miles, is the steel center Of the
United States.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-27
Burley And Sun-Cured Growers OK
Market Quota For Next Three Crops

unexpectedly rejected continuation
Of quotas on that crop, voting 1852
for and l,7l7 against. The favorable
majority Of GA per cent was short
of the tWo-thirds required for appli-
cation Of the marketing quota sys-
tenn In Prince Edward only four
votes were cast-au in favor Of con-
ilnulng quotas. There were q Mary
land-tyre producers In the county
eligible to vote. The total county
acreage for this type ct tobacco
under the allotment program wa
only els acres.
Producers Of tlre-cured tobacco
earlier approved marketing quotas
Approval Of marketing quotas for
flue-cured tobacco the states major
leaf type. was also made earlier
BY approval Of the quota system
for hurley and sun-cured, growers
assured themselves Of price sup
ports at 80 per cent Of parity, acre
age a o { m e n s and marketing
quotas with penalties on excess to-
bacco marketed for the 1859 crop,
the crop next year and the 1861
crop.