davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-06-14
BY MARVIN L. ARROWSMITH
Asaociated Preka Ataff Writer


Every day q stack OF American
newspapers is delivered to Presi-
dent Eisenhower. Does he read
them?
In the White House-or wher-
ever the President may be-there
are always television and radio
sets. offering entertainment, news
Of the world. and stop-and-think
programs. Does he watch and
listen?
Hundreds Of newly published
books are sent or offered to the
White House every year for ad-
dition to an already-stocked IL
brary. Is 1t true Mr.. Eisenhower
rarely reads anything but West
erns?
Every week the motion picture
companies send to the President
a capsule description Of the latest
Hollywood fare. Does he request
showings in the White House
T'heater? II 50. what's his taste
In movies?
A reporter seeking the answers
to such questions naturally would
prefer to put them personally to
Mr.. Eisenhower. Unfortunately, 1t
isn't possible but people around
the President-those familiar with
his habits and his likes and dis
likes in these fields-are the
sources Of the information.
First. all the world knows that
Mr.. Eisenhower is strongly partial
to outdoor recreation and relaxa-
tion-speciflcally to golf. hunting
and fishing. He doesn't care much
for spectator sports. He likes to
participate.
Indoors, he swims occasionally
in the White House pool to help
keep in trim. He also spends con-
siderable time with oil paints at
his easel. And he has friends in
for bridge-a game which he plays
very well.
Newspapers, Of course, are not
in the recreation category. But
they do At into the picture Of the
indoor Eisenhower as drawn by
his aides.
Newspapers He Reods
Newspapers regularly put before
the President are three from New
York-the Times, Daily News and
Herald Tribune-the Baltimore
Sun, the Wall Street journal, the
Chicago Tribune. the Christian
Science Monitor and three WASH
ington papers-The Star. Post and
Times Herald, and the Daily News.
The morning editions he gets
at breakfast. and he usually goes
through all Of them at the table.
Nobody claims he reads them from
front page to back. He concen-
trates on international and ma
tional news. avoiding duplication.
Some Of the editorials he reads
thoroughly. some sketchily. Like
wise the columnists.
Sometimes he gets a quick look
at the afternoon papers in his
office, but more often he reads
those in the evening. That also is
when he reads sections that in
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Education and Life:
Some Stroy Thoughts

Now that school is over, here
are some words from the wise on
education:
"a good teacher has been de-
fined as one who makes himself
gressively unnecessary.
Thomas J. Caruthers of State
Teachers College. Md.
More important than what
you know is how you learned it."
-Kiplinger's Changing Times.
"A college education never
hurts anybody as long as he's
learning something in the mean
time" Quoted by Max Hess.
Allentown, Pa. retailer.
ITO frighten an entire class is
easier than to teach one boy prop
erly. for the latter is and always
must be task as serious as it is
Eli
you cannot teach a man any,
thing; you can only teach him to
find it within himself" -Galileo.
The nation that has the
schools has the future" Bis
marck.
knowledge exists to be i'm
parted" Emerson.
Let our teaching be full of
ideas. Hitherto it has been stuffed
only with facts. "-Anatole France.
"An educational system isn't
worth a great deal If it teaches
Evening star., 1959-06-14

increase and wisdom and under
standing on the way out
Education that leaves no time
for nonsense is no education at all.
In many books on American edu-
cation which are flooding the
markets presently one common
note cuts across all differences of
progresSivism, conservatism, lib
eraliSm, aristocracy. classicism.
and scientism. It's the appalling
absence of any trace whatever of
a sense of humor,
Typical is high-minded report
I have in my hands which is en-
titled The Pursuit of Excellence
Education and the Future of
America" 1t is the work of
sober group of serious thinkers
who are greatly concerned with
the greatness of our Nation. its
purpose. it courage. IT'S responsible
ity, its eminence, to quote the pre-
fatory note, and they amass i'm
preSsive statistics of the work.
hours needed and the urge of
application required if collegiate
and university education is to con-
tribute to these so praiseworthy
ends. But one asks, as he turns
each page, why is it all so deadly
earnest? What has become Of
the humaniStic touch that used
to betray a humane preoccupation
and that revealed itself in an oc-
casional trace of sense of humor?
A Note Of SoIemnity
Two weeks ago there was a TV
panel which brought together a
half dozen distinguished educators
from all over the country, male
and female. and they talked spe-
cifically about the education Of
American university women.
Someone asked what place sheer
amusement played in the lives of
their campuses. Two of the dis
tinguished educators missed the
point of the question entirely,
three had no comment to make.
and one spoke of what she called.
with grim expression on her
Evening star., 1959-06-14
A NOTE TO 1859 GRADUATES
The Important Place of Mere Nonsense

Graduating classes traditional
ly are urged toward the wider
and profounder virtues. Last week
the seniors of Georgetown Uni
versity heard a commencement
address which followed such a
pattern but which also contained
a section on the human side of
the good life in which the speaker
urged his hearers to develop and
keep a sense Of humor and to
treasure the leisure in which to
enjoy 1t. The speaker was the
Most Rev. John J. Wright. bishop
Of Pittsburgh. and this is the
section Of the speech:
beg you, as you set forth to
make your first million. to write
the great American novel, to save
the world from Communism or TO
become the Chief Justice of the
United States. ! ask you to make
early and determined plans to in
clude in your busy and useful lives
little leisure.
Before the scramble becomes too
intense and too involved. / ask
you to reflect on some OF the
SOLDERING statistics which make
provision for a little leisure. We
are constantly impressed by the
citations given out by the Junior
Chambers of Commerce, by all
manner OF organizations in our so
intrepid and enthusiastic activist
country as to the tremendous
numbers OF those who make their
fortunes and arrive at their posts
Of trust in church and State before
they are. say forty.
l ask you to check some OF the
insurance company statistics with
regard to those who have their
first coronary before they are
forty. and for the same reasons.
The PIoce Of Nonsense
Closely related to this question
Of leisure in the good and the
truly useful life is the question
Of the important place of mere
nonsense in the life of the
educated person. One wonders
whether a saving sense of humor
would not provide as much as
almost anything else, save only
the Faith, that perspective needed
to correct some OF these grim
extremes Of our sometimes overly
earnest educational and profess
sional work.
In one Of Americas large cities.
one Of the very largest, suicide
turns up currently as the eighth
most frequent cause of death. And
the statistics rejecting the num-
ber Of suicides among the WELL
educated are exceedingly SOLDERING
indeed. They would drive a sensi-
tive educator to suicide himself.
Such situation argues many
lacks and many limitations among
our American intellectuals. but it
argues to me in all probability
the tragic absence OF sense of
humor in the rest of ones educa-
tive program and personal growth.
There is a deadly earnestness
surrounding the discussion of the
current problem of the intel
lectual life of America and the
intellectual life of the Catholic
Church, deadly earnestness
which suggests that knowledge
and information may be on the
Evening star., 1959-06-14

young people how to make a living
and doesn't teach them how to
live" Charles Snitow, president,
United States World Trade Fair,
1T is only a myth that learning
belongs only to the child and not
to the adult as well. Rabbi Will
liam Berkowitz of New York. e
Il can't wait till my kids are of
to school in the morning--it's like
taking off a girdle. Joan Blon-
dell in The Rope Dancers"
THE American people are .eally
indifferent to education. They
want their children to have the
diplomas and degrees that will adj
init them to certain occupations,
but they are not serious about
education. Robert M. Hutchins.
dOll bSAASNC
be graduated from college without
reading the lives of Plutarch."-
Bishop Fulton J. Sheen.
II do not teach, I relate. -
Montaigne.
THE more you know the less
sure you are. e."-Voltaire.
Training is everything. The
peach was once a bitter almond;
cauliflower is nothing but cab
bage with a college education. -
Mark Twain.
Let early education be a sort
of amusement; you will then be-
better able to find out the natural
bent."-Plato.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
Star stan Writer

The Justice Department sees
the upcoming Apalachin trials as
it's first real opportunity to prove
in court that Mafia actually exists
as a Nationwide crime syndicate.
No Federal prosecutor would say
that now in so many words but
there are plenty of clues to the
Justice Department intention.
The clues:
Q Some secret testimony over
looked when it became public.
. Some grand jury questions
that had to be made public for
contempt citations.
Q Some wording in the recent
indictment of q defendants and
the naming of SO others as CO.
conspirators-the men who gath
cred for the so-called crime con-
vention at Apalachin, N. Y.
o Some phrases in the prosecu-
tion appeal to the court for high
bonds for Apalachin defendants.
The first court tussle comes to-
morrow.
For nearly a decade, the opera
ton of Malta has been discussed
publicly before congressional COM
mittees and crime commissions.
The Code OF the Mofio
Narcotics agents, particularly.
have outlined how this Legend
rooted society has infiltrated
legitimate business as well as
every profitable Illegal endeavor.
They have patiently explained
that Mafia's power lies in its code
of behavior-the code of omerta
or conspiracy of silence"
They have explained the organ
ization-a !oose-knit brotherhood
of men of Italian and Sicilian
origin, brought closer by inter-
marriage. respect for their senior
members, fear Of death If they
violate the code, and a burning
desire 10 TURN O. dlSnOneSL COll0r.
Reaction to this kind of testi-
mony has ranged ilom downright
incredulity to demands that some
thing be done about Malta. Some
thing has been done to individual
members. They are tried for
their individual crimes and they
go to jail. But what Of the syn
dicate itself?
That question has been COM
ing more and more to The fore
since New York State police broke
UP the meeting of well-heeled
visitors al the country estate of
Joseph Barbara, ST.. at Apalachin
l8 months ago.
Evening star., 1959-06-14

More important than what
you know is how you learned it. :"
-Kiplinger's Changing Times.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Apo|ochin Trial MoyGive Answer
To Question of Mofio's Real Role

ply" he explained to the subcom-
mittee. "and by and large they are
members OF the same syndicate
and If we can get more and more
to talk we can get closer to the
top. Up to this point. know Of
no one who has talked effectively"
Again. he was talking about the
conspiracy OF silence. Under this
program so far, three men have
been sentenced to serve additional
time for contempt because they
wouldn't talk.
The grand jury questions which
became public after the contempt
citations invariably include this
one: Have you ever heard of an
organization sometimes referred to
as the Mafia?"
There are questions about heroin
concealed in juke box. about a
basement vault where several
kilos of heroin were stashed. about
secret compartments in automo-
miles making two way trips
across the Atlantic, about heroin
distributed from a pet shop. But
always the questions return to the
men of Mafia.
The convicts who chose two
more years in jail rather than to
talk are not the only ones bound
by the code OF omerta. Eight
other men. including three Apala-
chin defendants, went to jail for
contempt starting last August
rather than talk at a State crime
inquiry where they had been
promised immunity from proSecu-
ton. Seven are still there. Six
teen. including eight defendants.
went into hiding to avoid sub
poena during the l8 months since
the Apalachin disaster. Some. in
cluding four defendants. are still
among the missing.
Why High Boil Wos Asked
The prosecution obviously had
that background in mind when it
emphasized the need for high bail
for the Apalachin defendants;
In discussing bail, the Federal
prosecutors echoed Mr.. Vessels
comments to the congressional
subcommittee more than three
months earlier. The defendants
past conduct, they said, indicate
their contempt as group for the
process Of law.
This conspiracy Ito obstruct
justice) has thus far successfully
withstood an unprecedented on
slaught by law enforcement" the
court was told. Since Apalachin,
investigations have been conduct
ed by every Federal. State and To-.
cal agency having jurisdiction"
Then the prosecutor made the
argument that Mr. Vessel pre-
sented to the subcommittee and
which the Government hopes to
prove:
The heart Of the defendants
crime. as charged herein and as
proved during the last year and
a half. is defiance Of law"
The uphill road to bring the de-
PENDANTS to trial--and to achieve
the Justice Department goal of
proving the existence Of Nation
wide crime syndicate-gets its
first test tomorrow.
The Government will ask the
court to take the unusual step of
assigning one judge to handle the
case all the way through the court
from the preliminary motions to
the final judgment.
And the defense. representing
clients from coast to coast, will
open its battle to prove that all
the men who gathered at Apa-
lachin Just happened to be
passing by.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04

Kia Muingi or assembly of the
people," the chief aim of which
needed from the international Co
operation, Administration, DR.. Kia-
no says.
Aware of the need for a large
number of well-trained Africans
to run an independent government,
DIR. Kiano has brought with him
to the United States q plan for
placing 500 or 600 Kenya young
sters in American homes where
they could attend high school and
college and is asking the help Of
the National Urban League and
others
He would even send them to Ala
bama. So strong is the Africans
desire for education that he would
not allow segregation to stymie it.
81 tell my people that they can
live above it," he says, because
as a nation, the United States Il
against segregation"
During his stay, DIR. Kiano is
also trying to persuade his own
and other American colleges to
grant more fellowships to emery
ing Africans, including women AT
present about 100 Kenyans are
studying in the United States
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04
Know Your
Social Security

John F. Pate, manager of the
Social Security office in jackson,
Miss, states that many people
think you have to be fully retired
to draw social security benefits.
You do not have to be fully re-
tired to draw social security bene-
fits. Many people lose valuable
benefits each month by not under
standing this provision of the So
cial security law.
The Social Security Law says
that a person may earn as much
as $1,000 a year and still receive
social security benefits for all IL
months of the year. You lose one
months benefits for each $50, or
fraction thereof, you earn over
$1,000 a year. Regardless OF total
yearly earnings you can receive
a check for any month in which
you do not earn over 500.
This provision of the Social Sc
curity Law is of particular impor-
lance at this time to school teach
ers who do not earn over 500
month during the summer months.
If they are of retirement age, they
can draw social security benefits
for these months.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04
See NationaIisln .
CONTINUED from Page One)


returned to address the second an
nual conference of the American
Society of African Culture, an af-
filiate of the international Society
of African Culture headquartered
in Paris. He will visit the Rev.
Martin Luther King in Montgom-
cry, Ala, and make a number of
speeches before returning home
July 10.
With the recent British agree
ment to q round-table conference
on the East African crown colony's
proposed constitution and the end
ing of a boycott of the legislature
by African-elected members, DIR.
Kiano said initiative is now in the
hands of the nationalists and it
will be impossible for the white
settlers to regain it. He expects
the constitutional conference to
take place late this year or early
next.
At the same time, the national
list leader does not minimize the
difficulties that still lie between
Kenya and complete independence
both political and economic.
One obstacle he considers to be
the continuing emergency regula-
tions imposed during the Mau Mau
massacres, which in effect, olsen
franchised most of the Kikuyu and
restricted African political organi-
zation to the local level.
eve must have an organized ma
tional movement SO that when we
achieve self-government, we will
have a well-organized party sys-
tenn" says DIR. kiano.
Behind the continuance of en-
Urgency regulations are the is to
get rid of the white settlers, even
by poisoning if necessary. Out of
$500 recent KKM arrests, "a per
cent were former Mau Mau men,
bers.
He also looks askance at the re-
cent formation of the New Kenya
group by 46 members of all races
in the legislative council who clas-
sify themselves as moderates seek
ing a multi-racial approach to
Kenya's future. This group is led
by Michael Blundell, who recently
resigned as Kenya's Minister of
Agriculture to take over the leader
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04

Central Oil Co. also was given
permanent approval for dual COM
pletion of No. 23-7 M. j. & Cora
Plemmons, SW NE Sec. 23-2N-3W.
Similar approval for dual COM
pletion was given Southern States
Oil Co. for No. 60 Coggins-Alt-
mayer, NE Sc 6-1N-2W, in Citro-
nellie Field.
In other matters before the
board, Clarkwin Oil Corp. was
given permanent approval to drill
No. IL J. H. Wall as an off-center
location in NV NV Sec 15-3N-3E,
South Carlton Field, Clarke Coun-
ty.
One other petition was acted on.
E. H. Woods was granted perma-
nent approval to drill as an off
center location the No. First Ma
tional Bank of Birmingham, Trus-
tee, NE Sc Sec. 22-11S-1OW, Win
ston County.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04

ship. Mr.. Blundell is scheduled to
visit the United States in Septem-
Der.
Although some observers feel
that Mr.. Blundell recognizes the
future inevitablility of Kenya in
which the Africans are the domi-
nant force, DIR. Kiano says bluntly
africans must be in the majority
in the legislative council and in the
council of ministers
1--WE are not in favor of seeking
special rights for special races.
Should the white settlers or In
dams want to participate in the
new government, they viii have,
for all practical purposes, to be-
come Africanized. After all, Kenya
is an African country"
Recent trouble between Africans
and white settlers in Rhodesia has
solicited the Kenya nationalists'
determination for African majority
rule.
Granting by the United Nations
of nationhood to Kenya's neighbor,
Somaliland, in 1860, will have an
"electrifying effect" on the situa-
ton in the British crown colony,
DIR. Kiano forecasts
The only trained economist am
ong Africans elected to the Kenya
legislature, DIR. Kiano feels keenly
his country's need for increased
credit-worthiness. Though his peo-
pie are chiefly engaged to grow
cash crops to compete with the
white settlers. AS yet they have
ventured little into the commercial
sphere occupied chiefly by Indians,
both Hindu and Moslem. More aid
is present activities of the Kama
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04
National -.
(Coutinued from Page One)

At that time, Walter Ludwig, a
social science teacher of Mamaro-
neck, N. Y. proposed that the NEA
sponsor q thorough study of the
problems of Indignation and report
back to this years convention.
His proposal was seconded by
Charles J. Suddeth, Negro prin-
cipal of an elementary school in
San Pablo, Calf.
Ludwig's proposal last year was
withdrawn when it appeared that
further discussion would split the
NEA down the middle.
Monday, Suddeth told the resolu-
tions committee that its resolution
takes no stand at all. 1t repre-
sents a victory for those who favor
segregated schools"
Ludwig, a member of the full
resolutions committee, submitted a
minority report calling for a strong
resolution which would say that
the NEA believes in equal educa-
tional privileges for all children
without distinctions based on race,
religion or national origin"
Robert Williams, executive sec
rotary of the Virginia Education
Assn, said "we in the South are
as deeply dedicated to equal educa-
ton (for the Negroes) as anyone
in the country. But we are in the
firming line-we need framework
within which we must work to pre-
serve education"
A number of Virginia schools
have been closed in an effort to
prevent integrated education.
Forrest Rozzzell, executive sec
rotary of the Arkansas Education
! Assn, said that the classroom
teachers of Little Rock and the
, Arkansas Education Assn, led the
: fight for the A teachers whom
: segregationist members of the Lit
; tie Rock school board had tried to
purge.
. The segregationist were removed
from the office in a special recall
election this spring. 1t was a
blow to Gov. Orval E. Faubus of
Arkansas. Rozzell said the issue
of Indignation must be kept local
| and eff YOU adopt this resolution
you will have done everything in
your power to help"
! Earlier in the day, a vastly in
creased program of federal aid to
education was called for by group
I! of leading educators. They said nc
strings should be attached.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-07-04
chana To-.

desto X. Apaloo, an Opposition
member of the National Assembly,
were engaged in a conspiracy" to
carry out "at some future date"
an unlawful act" of revolution
airy character"
Two members of the commission
linked the two politicians with
former Mai. Benjamin Awhaitey,
who was court-martialed on char
ges that he had not reported to
his army superiors his knowledge
of the alleged assassination plot.
Third Member Dissents
The third member of the COM
mission said in a dissenting opin-
ion that he found no conspirator-
ial association between the major
and the politicians
A White Paper containing the
Governments comments on the
commissions findings was pub
lished simultaneously.
In it, the Government concluded
that the Opposition party had
abandoned democratic methods and
was engaged in a systematic eff
fort ito overthrow the Govern
ment by violence"
Is "This," the White Paper said,
"the Government is determined to
tolerate no longer"
1t announced that strict legal
measures would be taken to pre-
vent a recurrence of illegal acts
by the Opposition.
Three bills containing such
measures were announced recent
ly Others will be published this
week. They will be put before the
new session of the National AS
sembly, which begins Friday. They