davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
DAVID LAWRENCE

There seems to be Joy In
some quarters that the budg-
ct is going to be unbalanced.
Judging by some Of the CON-
ments from Democrats on
Capitol Hill. this proves that
President Eisenhower was all
wrong and that. jince the
budget is going to be unbal-
anced by more than a billion
dollars, it might as well be
unbalanced by three or four
or five billions.
When Congress comes back
from its recess, the drive to
spend more, and hence make
the deficit bigger, will take
on momentum. 1t seems to
be taken for granted that
only the prestige Of the Pres
ident-not the pocketbook of
the American peoples go
ing to be hurt by the failure
to reduce the deficits.
It's hard for the average
man to realize just what is
involved in budget balancing
and in the increases in Treas
ury deficits. At the National
Press Club luncheon the
other day for Raymond j.
Saulnier, chairman of the
Presidents Council of Eco
nomic Advisers, this question
was asked with reference to
the drop in the purchasing
power Of the dollar from 100
cents in 1889 to 48 cents
today:
IF I have only a Ascent
DUCK IN my pocket, haven't
I got 48 cents more than !
had in the depression?"
DR.. Saulnier replied that
nobody now is much con-
cerned with 1889 except his
torically. and then added
pointedly:
I'D like to protect your
48 cents, you see, from now
on"
This is a simple statement
Of a dilemma that confronts
the American people. Do they
want to see the dollar de-
cline still further in purchas-
ing power so that the 48
cents they have today would
before long be cut down to
"a cents?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
New York Puts
Auto Insurance
Boost in Effect

NEW YORK, Mar. 81 (AP).
An average increase of 1874
per cent in most auto liability
insurance rates in New York
State went in effect today.
The ncreaSe-averaging 1871
in New York City and 1871
elsewhere in the State-waS
approved yesterday by the
State Insurance Department.
The new rates are for COM
panies which write about 80
per cent of the private pas
senger auto liability in the
State. They represent the
greatest single increase in auto
coverage rates in the postwar
years. A rise of more than $50
million a year in premiums is
estimated.
The new rates do not affect
insurance now in force. They
generally apply as policies are
renewed or new policies are
written.
The National Bureau OF Cas-
ualty Underwriters and the
Mutual Insurance Rating Bu-
reau, which represent most
auto insurance firms in The
State, proposed the 1874 per
cent increase. A proposal by
the associations for an average
40 per cent increase was re-
jected six weeks ago.
The Allstate Insurance Co.,
an independent which handles
is per cent of the auto insur-
ance volume in the State. mas
indicated it soon will seek
higher rates. It did not partici-
pate in the request for the new
rate increases allowed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31

employment is not a major
factor, business in some areas
has not recovered its normal
resiliency. So the prospects
of a long steel strike in mid
summer remain diScouraging.
A strike in such a major
industry will have not only
it's direct effects. but far
reaching indirect conSe-
quences. This will be par
ticularly true if the end
result is a wage-price pack
age which could set off a
sharp round of imitation. The
success or failure of public
officials in dealing with such
a strike may we'll make or
break many regulations.
Last year President Eisen-
hover did not respond to
pleas from Senator Kefauver
to take measures to hold
down a threatened steel price
increase. The subsequent in
crease was felt almost i'm
mediately in an increase in
the price of automobiles and
as quickly in the prices OF
other products containing
steel. This year the President
has changed his position and
has decried in advance any
price boosting solution.
Secretary of Labor Mitchell
will carry the burden for the
administration in d e aling
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31

Just ten years ago the West
took a step forced upon it
by the persistent aggressive
tactics Of the Soviet Union.
Meeting in Washington after
months Of patient ard care
full negotiation. the foreign
ministers Of IL nations signed
the treaty establishing the
North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization.
The Soviet Union. inme-
diately after the end Of
World War II, had dropped
its wartime collaboration
with the Western allies. Toss
ing aside all the brave new
world" promises made during
the war. when the blood and
treasure of the United States,
Britain and other allied
nations was being freely
poured out in defense of Rus
STA as well as of themselves,
the Kremlin embarked on a
campaign of subjugation of
all Of Europe.
Even before Japan had
been knocked out of the war,
the Soviet government began
to ignore the commitments
made at Teherap, Yalta and
PotSdam that the liberated
nations Of Europe would be
left free to determine their
own forms of government.
Romania was the first to be
cynically dragged into the
satellite prison compound,
the royal government being
toppled by a handful Of ma
tive Romanlan Communists,
aided. of course, by the guns,
planes and tanks of the &C.
cupying Soviet army. From
then on, it was a case of one
nation after another Bull
garia, Hungary, Poland, Al
bania, CzechoSlovakia. In
Germany, a puppet East
German government was set
up Under Communist lead
ership. In Austria, like Ger
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
CONSTANTINE BROWN
NATO, Free World Bar to Reds

slams. But NATO was firm
evidence Of the Vests intent.
1t put Josef Stain on notice
that whatever the odds, the
free world was at last deter
mined to stand fast against
further subjugation by Com
munist aggression.
Over the past decade,
NATO has been both a SYM
Dol and a reality. 1t has
brought the Western nations
together in many ways. in
joint military and naval CONF
mands. in shared exercises
and maneuvers, in the diplo-
matte theater OF the cold
war. Around NATO's stand
ards have gathered nations
historically distrustful Of
each other. as for example
France and West Germany.
And NATO has been the'cen-
trail contact between the
once isolationist United
States and our allies in Eu-
rope. Through the NATO
Council, permanently sitting
in Paris, the Western allies
have co-ordinated their Dip
lomatic exchanges with the
Soviet Union end with the
satellite nations.
On the debit side, however,
NATO has not yet become
the big strong deterrent fore
seen by its organizers. The
United States still provides a
disproportionate part of the
Sinews. the ornaments, the
men and the money. Some
NATO members have at times
been lukewarm in their sup
port Of NATO in all it's
aspects. The unity of NATO
was severely shaken at least
once when Britain and France
invaded Egypt without any
previous discussion with their
ostensible partners.
But, although far from per-
feet, NATO does represent
the kind of determined pur-
pose. the firm front. that
alone saves the free world
from piecemeal destruction
by communism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
Alliance, Ten Years Old This Week,
Called Symbol of Determined Purpose

many divided into occupation
zones, the Soviet bosses be-
came more and more unco-
operative and intre nsipert
Western Europe was under
Standably concerned. Would
the Red juggerraut, having
suppressed all freedom in
Eastern and Central Europe,
now move against Italy,
France. West Germany. the
Benelux countries? Plainly. a
Soviet armed attack any
where in Free Erlrope would
sweep all before it. The Amer
lean decision to take over the
defense of Greece from the
British. and direct American
aid for the government of
Greece against determined
Communist attack, provided
a pattern for the immediate
answer to Europe's needs.
Why not a general Western
alliance?
Thus was NATO created,
amid outraged protests from
the Soviet Union. On March
81, 1949. Moscow formally
protested in identical notes
to seven NATO powers that
the Atlantic pact was a viola
ton of the United Nations
Charter, that it was an ag-
gressive combination aimed
at the Soviet Union, that it
was a revival of Nazi mill
tarism. The protests were
hollow, as by that time the
reality of Soviet expanSioniSt
aims had been demonstrated
openly for all to see.
The NATO treaties were
signed on April 4, and the
alliance itself was effective
in August after ratification
by the parliaments of all the
member states. 1t set up
forces for the defense of Eu-
rope, and these forces were,
and still are, pitifully made
quate to defend free soil If
a determined military attack
were to be made by the Rus
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
Ears on Atoms Seen
Solving Magnet Puzzle

were scattered" in passing
through, they deduced the
shape of the atoms. Unlike
X-rays which have long been
used to study the private lives
Of atoms, neutrons are scattered
only by a particular breed OF
electrons called magnetic cleo
irons.
Mickey Mouse Ears
Translating their findings
for reporters, they said:
ut was found that the iron
atoms have a shape which may
be described as 'baseballs'-or
spheres-but the nickel and
cobalt atoms are like baSeballS
with blisters, six or eight to
an atom, which are equidistant
from one another on the sur
face of the sphere. And these
bliSters may be imagined as the
ears of a Mickey Mouse balloon,
but much smaller"
And they added:
1T is hoped-and it is con-
ceivable-that this new infor-
nation will help lead to a the
DRY which will predict and eX-
plain magnetism"
The scientists said electrons
responsible for magnetism are
among natures real odd-balls.
Whereas non-magnetic cleo
irons whirl around in pairs
within the structure of an atom
like partners on a dance
floor"-the magnetic ones in
sist on doing a kind of solo act,
Grinned DR.. Weiss:
They're a bit like wallflowers,
except that they're dancing"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Russia agrees to foreign ministers conference. And
think this Russias last agreement wa hear the
motion to adjourn.
Democratic Senator Young makes public his stock hold
ings This makes him about popular with the Senate
Maverick is with the Ed Sullivan show.
The White House cancels its annual egg roll The way
things in the Far East, they quit ordering
chow mein.
Senator Proxmre blasts Boss Lyndon Johnson again.
Proxmre's plea to fellow Democrats Mistake for your
leader"
Question Box. Q-Wheres the easiest place to enforce
a tipping rule? AIT a head walters convention.
Friends say Jack Kennedy won't accept the vice presi-
dental nomination he can't be the head figure, he won't
be the hgurehead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
Presbytery Women

Meetings of Women of the
Potomac Presbytery will be held
at 6 pm. tomorrow at the Gen.
trail Presbyterian Church. Fiji
tenth and Irving streets NV,
for District 4 and at 6:15 pm.
April Z at the Westminster
Presbyterian Church. 2701 Cam
eron Mills road, Alexandria, for
District 5. A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
No News Conference
By the Associated Press

bF NIIt hoSVNIdItU EIVoo
President Eisenhower does
not plan a news conference this
week. The White House says
that because of a busy schedule.
including a meeting with the
NATO ministers and a foreign
policy speech Saturday. the
President would forego his
Wednesday meeting with news
men,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31
BY FRANK CAREY


CAMBRIDGE, Mass, Mar. 81.
Discovery that some atoms
have protruding ears like those
on a mouse may help solve one
of natures great riddleS-the
meaning of magnetism-a team
of scientists reported yesterday.
And this in turn, they said,
might open the possibility OF
producing tailor-made magnets
for a host of uses, including
the improvement of magnetic
instruments in rockets. Satel-
lites, guided missiles and cleo
tronic-brain computing ma
chimes.
It's even conceivable, they
said. that man might someday
learn to enhance or dilute the
magnetism of a given magnetic
material.
Physicists A. J. Freeman and
Richard Weiss of the Army's
Ordnance Materials Research
Office, WATERFOWL, Mass, told
of the discovery of the Mouse
ear atoms at a meeting of the
American Physical Society at
Massachusetts, Institute OF
Technology.
Only One at Findings
The mouse-ear discovery was
only one of the findings of a
study aimed at determining the
structural shape" of atoms in
the three most-widely occurring
magnetic materials - iron,
nickel and cobalt.
More specifically. the Scien-
fists wanted to find the shape
Of the clouds" of electronS
which orbit around the nucleus
Of an atom. These clouds are
responsible in certain materials
for the phenomenon called
magnetism which has puzzled
scientists since it's discovery by
the ancient Greeks.
They employed neutrons-a
, special kind of atomic ray-to
lombard the materials. And
FROM the ways the eeutrOns
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-31

Can you blame her for feeling snug? With
a new kitchen phone at her elbow, suddenly
housekeeping's lot more pleasant. She
saves steps and time. She gets more done.
And she can sandwich in a chat with
neighbor now and then. So can you.
Evening star., 1959-11-12

Superb f:l.8 lens permit nearly
limitless picture opportunities
in and out doors. So easy to
use too just check the clip.
on exposure meter, set it, aim
and shoot! Has delayed action
timer, too. Save $l0.07.
Sears Arlington. Alabama,
BlddensbEre and Wisconsin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-08

Arnel9 trioeetote and cotton checks
eeetate cotton and silk suitins
tweeds royon eeetote flannel
reyon and wool eheIIis prints . reyon
eheIIis prints royon suitinss
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-08
reg. 89c I'd.
solution dyed acetate taffeta

4Bc ,s.
spot. peFspirotion. fede-Fesistont
. more thon 5 eoIoFs including
. moise . pink peacock . eoroI
kelly royoI 4S"
Evening star., 1959-11-01
LUGGAGE-ALl 4 STORES

The Hseht c.. stores open essy. open Iets eadsy:
Wsshinssen. $50 10 .; Silver Sprins. PARkastea cad
Psines osesssis Piazs. 10 - $50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16

sky, at an altitude Of between
10000 and $4,000 feet. y
Later, Nicholas T. Nonnen-
machey, president Of Christian.
form, said his anti Communist
information organization, or
dered the cross "as a symbol Of
our faith"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16

knowledge Of history. but I'm
sure that this was so.
Our countries have different
social systems. We believe our
system to be better-and you
believe yours to be better. But
surely we should not bring quar-
rels out onto the arena Of open
struggle. Let history Judge
which Of us is right.
If we agree to accept this
principle, then we can build our
relations on the basis Of peace
and friendship. You are a very
rich and strong country. I read
very many speeches made by
many of the Senators and Rep
resentatives present here today,
and so although / have made
their acquaintance here for the
first time today, in actual fact,
they are my old acquaintance
by their speeches.
What we should now do is to
strive together to improve our
relations.
We need nothing from the
United States, and you require
nothing that we have. 1t is
true that you are richer than
we are at present, but then
tomorrow we will be as rich as
you are, and the day after to-
morrow we will be even richer.
But Is there anything bad In
this? After all. we are going
to do this by our own forces
by our own strength.
IT must say that the meeting
I had today heartened me.
When some Of our journalists
approached me after the meet
/ ing and asked me my impress
sions, I said that there was an
agreed commupique that was
to be published and they should
abide by what was said in that
communique. But l could not
help mentioning that I would
inform my goIernment that a
good beginning had been made.
and one could only hope that
the final outcome would be
even better.
And so I would like to raise
my glass. and propose a
toast to the President. to his
wife, to all Of you esteemed
ladies and gentlemen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
Mr.. Khrushchev
(An unofhcial translation


Mr.. President, Mrs. Eisen-
hover, ladies and gentlemen.
I wish to thank you, Mr.. Presi-
dent. for the good wishes that
you voiced, and to state on
my part that we have come
here on the invitation Of the
President with our intentions
based on the need to come to
an agreement on the improve
ment Of our relations. because
our countries are much too
strong and we cannot quarrel
with each other.
II we were weak countries,
then it would be another mat
ter, because when the weak
quarrel. they are just scratch
ing each others faces and 1t
takes just a couple of days
for a cosmetician and every
thing comes out right again.
But II we quarrel, then not
only our countries can suffer
colossal damage. but the other
countries of the world will also
be involved in a world sham
bles.
But ] am sure that we can
live in peace and progress to-
gether for peace.
You mentioned the fact that
$50 years have passed since
diplomatic relations were es-
tsblished between the United
States and Russia. I also want
to say a few words on that ex-
ample. I want to say that when
your Ambassador was present.
ing his credentials to the EN-
peror. Alexander I. don't
think the Emperor trusted your
Ambassador too much. because
after all the United States was
a republic and Alexander was a
Car. but all the same there
did exist mutual understand
ing between the two countries,
and contacts between them
strengthened.
And our countries not only
never fought with each other,
but I don't think there we're
ever even any major quarrels
between them. I don't pretend
that I have too profound a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
3 Top InteIIigence Men
In Khrushchev Party

Mr.. zhakarov. who is listed
simply as "a special assistant"
to Mr.. Khrushchev. Mr..
zhakarov is q major general In
Russia's state security service
and is head OF the KGB de-
partment charged with protect
ing Soviet party and govern
ment leaders. s,ss "
Zhakarovis d So year-old
native of Novgorod, a former
deputy minister Of internal af-
fairs with the MVD in Latvia
In 1915. He has risen swiftly
in the secret police and intelli-
gence ranks but has concern
trated more on strong arm i'm
telligence tasks than UNDER
cover work. ~
Speaks Four Languages -s9,
In 1855 he travelled TO Ge-.
neva, England, Finland and
Southeast Asia, ostensfbly to,
arrange security measures for.
the protection Of Mr.. Khru-
shchev when he visited these
areas. When Vice President
Nixon visited Russia in July.
Mr.. zhakarov helped make Sc
curity arrangements for Mr..
Nixon's travels.
Mr.. Grubyakov, an intelli-
eence operative who speaks
French, English and Turkish,
served as an intelligence officer
In Turkey before World War II
while posing as First Secretary
in charge Of the Soviet En-
bassy press section.
A Georgian by birth. Mr..
Grubyakov gives the impress
sion of a thoughtful. pleasant
man with a good sense of
humor. He sometimes has
shown up in the role OF as.
sistant to Foreign Minister
Andrea A. Gromyko. He will
swap Jokes and funny stories
in three languages with for
eigners. but carefully avoids
political discussions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
Mr.. Eisenhower

Mr.. Chairman, the ladies
and gentlemen gathered at
this board are here TO greet you
as the head of the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics, and
to greet Mrs. Khrushchev, your
family and the members of
your party.
We trust that you will find
your trip, your tour, of America
both instructive and interesting
and enjoyable.
It was $50 years ago that dip
lomatic relations between your
country and ours were opened.
On November S, 1909. John
Quincy Adams. later Secretary
Of State and later President of
the United States, presented his
credentials to Alexander I. And
since that date there has been
q history Of many incidents Vt
collaboration between your
country and mine. and certainly
q long history of friendship.
In two world wars we have
been allies.
And now today, it seems to
me that our two countries have
q very special obligation to the
entire world. Because of our
strength. because of our i'm
portance in the world. it is vital
that we understand each other
better. You and I have agreed
on this point.
I think that skillful debate is
not now enough. We must de-
pend upon fact and truth. And
we must make it our common
purpose, as / see it, that we
develop for each other the
maximum of fact and truth, so
that we may better lead-be-
tween us-this world into a
better opportunity for peace
and prosperity.
And it is in that hope, sir,
in that effort. in the hope that
that effort will be successful,
that l ask this company to join
me in a toast to you. Mr.. Chair
man. chairman of the Council
Of Ministers. to Madame Khru-
shchev, and to the people of
the Soviet Union.
Ladies and gentlemen,
Chairman Khrushchev."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16

put there by a New York anti
Communist organization.
Two mysterious sky-writers
made the cross. visible for
miles, shortly before Mr.. Khru-
shchev's 2 pm. arrival at Blair
House. The cross hung In the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
Nationalist Chinese
In U. N. Plan Boycott

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y,
Sept. 10 (APD.-Nat ion alist
China viii boycott the United
Nations General Assembly FRI
day when Soviet Premier Nikita
s. Khrushchev addresses the
S2-nation body.
Chinese sources said the en-
tire delegation will stay away.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
BIost Wrecks Station

WARSAW. Sept. Is (AP).-
An explosion during a test run
Of a new turbine Monday night
wrecked a big power station at
Byton. an industrial town in
southwest Poland. newspapers
reported today. A special COM
mission was appointed to in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
Anti-Reds Write
Cross in Sky

That gigantic cross which
appeared in the sky over WASH
ington yesterday Just as Pre-
mier Khrushchev arrived was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16

Three Of Russia's top intel
ligence agents are travelling
with Premier Khrushchev's Of.
flcial 70-man party. keeping q
trained and watchful eye on
everything around them.
Informants who disclosed
this today said that perhaps
the most important Is vladi-
mir Pavlovich Burdin. q gun
toting. 6-foot-2 Muscovite who
has the role Of a security agent
assigned to protect Mr.. Khru-
shchev.
The other two are Nikolai
Stepanovich zhakarov, listed
as a special assistant" TO Mr..
Khrushchev, and Vastly Fedor-
ovich Grubyakov. 48-year-old
official in the Foreign Affairs
Ministry who once served with
the Soviet mission to the United
Nations.
Important Post Seen
The 37-year-old Mr.. Burdin
seems to be the most interesting
to the Western diplomatic ON
cials who keep a vigilant check
of Russia's far-nung ,intelli-
gence network.
Far from being simply q po-
liceman, Mr.. Burdin is reported
to be one Of the most important
officials, perhaps the chief, OF
the big American section of
Russia's foreign intelligence d.
rectorate in Moscow.
He is a handsome, rugged
man who dresses in fiawless
Western fashion. He has the
self-assurance Of q movie star
on tour in the hinterlands. He
can always be found directly
behind Mr.. Khrushchev, care
fully checking everything
around him.
ZhakarOv Heads KGB
He speaks fluent English, as
well as French. and In q pinch
can serve as interpreter for his
boss with no difhculty. But his
main task with Mr.. Khrushchev,
as it was when he accompanied
Deputy Premiers Anastas Mi
koyan and Frol Kozlov during
their American tours, is to col
lect intelligence data about the
United States.
I Mr.. Burdin is actually out
ranked in the oficial party by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-16
Greetings Exchanged
AtStote Dinner
BY The Associated Press

FolloiDinU is the ert OF the toast by President Esen
HOMER and the reply BY Premier NtG s. Khrushchep at
Che state dinner last ntoht for the Soviet leader