davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-10-18
YES

MRS. GEORGE M. LEAD
Err, York County. Pa:
Eyes, I think they are. Per-
haps one way the career
woman excells is because she
has q more organized rou-
tine. However. I think when
it comes to making a human
appeal the mothers and
housewives may do q better
Job"
Evening star., 1959-10-18
YES and NO

MRS. r. o. PEARSON,
Abilene, Tex: II don't think
the job status makes any diff
ference. 1t depends on their
interest in what we're doing.
Career women who know the
program of our foundation
do raise a great deal Of
money for us. The housewife
is just as busy as the career
woman but she has a little
more freedom with her time
schedule than the career
woman. I think that's the
only difference.
NO
Evening star., 1959-10-18
BOTH SIDES
OF THE FENCE
Do you think career women moke better
fund ruisers than housewives?

tn. m: r.oPs % ssu RssRs s s HS ST National Foundation
Evening star., 1959-12-24
WORDS, WIT
AND WISDOM
By WILLIAM MORRIS

Question: In a newspaper
article about-of all things
the buttonhole industry, 1 came
upon the following description
of business tycoon: Hes
known by everyone in the trade
and deeply respected, although
his adamance in sticking to
decimal places . doesn't make
him deeply loved" Where did
this word "adamance" come
from? l never saw it before
and neither did the editor OF
my favorite dictionary, appar-
ently.-L. c. Whipple, N. Y. c..
/ Answer: And neither did /.
Apparently the writer of this
piece feels that such words
as "firmness," "steadfastneSs, |"
"reSolutenesS" or even obsti-
macy" aren't adequate to express
his idea of this buSineSSman's
stubbornneSs. So he inventS a
new word "adamance" from the
adjective "adamant.
But, as evidenced by the four
synonyms which came quickly
to mind, he needn't have both
cred. There are plenty of ways
to express the idea without
creating a new word. Adam
ance" may most charitably be
regarded as a "nonce" word
a word used one time only, then
Evening star., 1959-12-24
I GUESS WE
SHOUL ONT HAVE
STARTED ALL THAT
GOSSIP ABOUT HER.
forgotten. On that point, your
NII..l l.
BY Al Smith

forgotten. On that point, your
Word Man is adamant.
BY the way, "adamant" "a
word that has been part of our
language since Chaucer'S time
has quite an interesting back
ground. 1t was originally coined
by the ancients from the Greek
word "a" not, and "damao," I
tame, to describe a mineral of
incompatible hardness. For
many centuries it was regarded
as synonymous with diamond"
the hardest of gems. The
two words, indeed, come from
precisely the same Greek root.
(Released by the Bell syndicstel
Evening star., 1959-02-15
For Any Man

the attention she Graves Sometimes she'll go no further
than bask in words and gances But sometimes she shift
her affection to the who aers her ego and another
marriage is heading for crackup.
3 She is generally shallow human being Ii is true
that this beauty only skin deep Very little has interested
her in the growing years but the surface life of dates
and fun She loved the gaiety of dances and parties,
loved being in demand She spent much Of her time in
the social whrl and few hours left pursue other
interests.
On date. may be delighted by girl who sits
and looks gorgeous. After few years Of marriage, he'll
prefer girl who talk interestingly for home
properly and put together good meal.
Of course, this doesn't that wife should neglect
her appearance Whether she's beauty not she should
find the time dress carefully keep her hair groomed
and pay attention the other details which add any
woman'S attractveness Good grooming is the secret
which many plain girls have found and it be
asset for more attractive women long after their youth
full beauty has faded.
4. She will demand her own way. The kind of beauty
dSSecng the who is bad marriage risk, has
been little dictator much Of her life and wedding ring
isn't likely change her. For years. she has been admired
and singled for special praise at home and in school,
To put bunty, she's apt be mseraby spoiled. If she
can't have her way She probably fly into antrum
just she did as child.
But even worse things have come so easily her all
her life that she's had the need to develop inner
strength. Thus she is prone TO collapse in a crisis And
every marriage has storms Of varying degrees of severity
s. As long she is eHsTOsssd in herself she will never
be able give love- Writes Dr. Phillip Polatin of the New
York Psychoanaytic Institute: f only Of the pair
Tin marrage) is giving person. that one is bound
eventually to become unhappy and dissatisfied. for there
is nothing frustrating than always to be giving
without some fair return"
these are the chief reasons men ought to think
carefully before marrying extraordinary beauties. They
might pick winner but there's excellent chance Of
getting loser While thus engaged in thought men
also ought to ask them - Continued on next page
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
World Police Force
Vests New Move

ested subject Of vital in
terest =. :" said Secretary Of State
Herter.
Now. the gimmick of a world
police force is being added to the
Western response. The West not
only is prepared to be as utopian
as Mr.. Khrushchev, 1t will go him
one better.
Moreover, the world police force
idea may rnaneuver the Kremlin
into the position of resisting
utopia. II so. Mr. Khrushchev's
whole demarche will backfire.
The Russians always previously
have opposed a police force bitter
ly, unless it were to be strictly SUBJ
ject to the veto-and even then,
they have not shown any real in
terest. The best they are likely to
manage this time is an upper
suasive Eyes, but" They may even
say mo-"
Thus there is hope that the
propaganda battle over disarma-
ment may yet go in the Vests di-
rection.
Meanwhile, in other ways, Mr..
Khrushchev has been using his
American visit with considerable
skill to pose as Mr.. Peace. On
occasion he has Unanswered less
experienced Americans into play
ing the part of Mr.. Cold War.
Mayor Norris Poulson of Los
Angeles gave Mr.. Khrushchev an
opportunity to pose as the perse-
cuted peacemaker, and the Soviet
dictator-in calculated display
OF just the right amount of temper
exploited the opportunity to the
hilt. The DiSneyland incident, was
similar in that, to the world
audience, the United States was
made to appear petulant and
inhoSpitable.
Americans have only recently
learned the subtler tricks of prop
aganda warfare. Many still
think of it simply in terms Of
giving the quick lie to Soviet
accusations.
The truth appears to be that
Washington and its allies were
too afraid of a cheap detenteJ too
concerned to keep superficial
peace and friendship under con-
troll. AS result, U. N. people say.
the necessary job of balloon.
pricking was done a bit too we'll.
The mistake is being remedied.
AS Of now. or at least until Mr..
KhruShchev has his next big turn
at bat, no one is likely to out
utopia the Western alliance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

must press on for new "quan-
tum jump" In horror weaponry.
such as the hydrogen bomb. In
view of his later devotion to dis
armament, this earlier Judgment
has a certain significance.
At the time of the secret H-bomb
controversy inside the Govern
ment, Mr.. Farley was 33 and
bringing family of his own into
the uncertainties Of a terror
balanced world.
Seventeen-year-o ld Paul Farley.
now a Groveton CVa) High School
student devoted to the jazz piano,
was then beginning grade school;
12-year-old Katherine, now in
Holm Hills (Va) Elementary
School, had just learned to walk.
Two-year-old Kenneth, whom
Daddy now takes for strolls
around the block in the low-slung,
pine-shaded housing development
of Holm Hills where they live,
had not yet arrived.
Mr.. Farley's work at Acc in
those years was not confined to
the military atom, by any means.
He helped develop the atoms-for-
peace concept which President
Eisenhower offered to the world
in his dramatic United Nations
speech in December, 1858.
Author of U. S. Formula
Early the next year Secretary
of State Dulles called Mr.. Farley
out of Aces heavily guarded,
white-marble halls on Constitution
avenue to the public exposure of
the State Department. For the
next three years he devised the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
BY LAWRENCE SULLIVAN
Co-ordinator of Information

United States House of Representatives
Today there are in the entire
world roughly 21,000,000 people
in the combined armed forces of
all nations. The United States,
NATO and SEATO powers have
combined forces-army, navy and
air power-totaling $4,000.
Russia, China and their Red
satellites have 100000 under
arms in their combined standing
forces.
The so-called neutral. independ-
ent, or third-force nations, have
100000 in their combined armed
forces.
Total armed forces in the
United States mot including Ma
tional Guard or reserve units) now
number 2.525,000 for all services
combined. Twenty Latin Ameri-
can nations linked in continental
defense pacts have combined
forces Of 100000. NATO powers
other than the United States
have 3,350,000 under arms, and
the SEATO powers in Southeast
Asia have combined forces num-
bering 100000. All of these free
world forces, numbering roughly
100000, have been assisted in
varying degree over the last ten
years with United States equip
ment and materiel, under our
military assistance programs.
Russia has 1850 900 in her own
armed forces, and Red China has
3,553,000. The other Red satel-
lites have combined forces to the
total of 100000. This brings
the Communist armed forces to
a world total of 100000.
The third group. or independ-
ent, non-aligned nations, have
armed forces numbering roughly
2,00O,O00-led by YugoSlavia, with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
u. N. Arms Record

The United Nations General
Assembly, which has before it a
proposal from the Soviet Union
for complete abolition of arrna-
ments, both conventional and nu-
clear. within four years, has re-
corded since 1916 many proposals
on disarmament, but no progress.
This is the simpliffed record:
1921. N. establishes Disarrna-
ment Commission: United
States. Britain, France,
Canada. Soviet Union.
l954-Anglo-U S. proposal for dis
armament by stages under
strict controls. Rejected by
Soviet Union.
l955-Soviet Union submits modi-
fed arms plan freezing arms
at then current levels, with
stage reductions each year
thereafter.
1861. N. Disarmament Subcom-
mission meets in London.
Talks end in May: Soviet
rejects controls.
l957-U. N. Disarmament Subcom-
mittee meets again in Lon.
don. Soviet proposals much
modified. Initial optimism;
U. S. Delegte Stassen curbed
by Secretary Dulles; talks
recess September.
1851. N. enlargeS Disarmament
Commission; Sovie Union
boycottS.
l958-Talks on nuclear test ban
begin October 81 in Geneva.
Soviet Union ends boycott
of Disarmament Commits
sion.
1959-Ten nation mittee,
under U. N. auspices, estab-
lished to tackle disarma-
ment anew in 1860.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
A SPACE-AGE DIPLOMAT
BY EARL H. VOSS
Star stan Writer

When President Eisenhower
and Secretary of State Herter
were preparing last week for their
Camp David talks with Soviet
Premier Khruschev they drew
heavily on the thoughtful position
papers of 43-year- old Philip j.
Farley, the State Departments
little-known master of fine print
In Space-Age diplomacy.
His official title is Special As
sistant to the Secretary of State
for Disarmament and Atomic
Energy. Recently Secretary
Herter added outer-space policy
to the list of Mr.. Farley's RESPONSE
bilities.
A bookish, bespectacled Cali
fornian of long, angular frame.
he turned his back on a career
as a professor of English litera-
ture at the end of World War II
to wrestle with mankind's most
difficult problem in the mid-20th
century: How to keep science
from destroying us all.
He had developed an interest
in this forbidding subject as a
young Army Air Force intelligence
officer assigned to the Strategic
Bombing Survey of Germany and
Japan after the war in 1945.
The survey analysed the i'm
pact of massive bombings on the
making potential Of the two
World War II enemies.
Looking to the Future
Sitting the litter and twisted
steel of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
young Farley realized that what
two atomic bombs had done there
would revolutionize Americas
military strategy, its foreign pol
icy, it's very way of life. But how
the world would change. and
down what avenues the United
States policymakers should try
to direct that change had not
been thought out.
The need was for a prophet to
forecast not only world scientific
developments but their influence
on the strategies of nations. The
danger was that the policies de-
vised would be heavily influenced
either by statesmen who knew
too little about science or by SCI
entists who knew too little about
strategy and diplomacy.
There would be a requirement,
Mr.. Farley foresaw, for men Of
mature judgment to fuse the best
ideas of the modern scientist and
the statesman into a new national
strategy.
The field was just opening up in
1916, when he left the Army Air
Force He decided not to go back to
Corpus Christi. Tex. where he had
been Director of the English De-
partment in Junior college; in
stead he Joined the brand-new
Atomic Energy Commissions
program analysis branch.
There he stayed and matured
through Aces first seven forma-
tive, and often traumatic. years.
After the Soviet Union exploded
its first atomic bomb in 1949, Mr..
Farley was among those who
agreed that the United States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

formulas by which the United
States shared its nuclear knowl-
edge and fuels with its friends
and allies around the world.
When Gov. Harold E. Stas-
sens term as Secretary for Peace
expired. it was a relatively short
step for Mr.. Farley to take under
his wing the disarmament nego-
tiations. then passing into the
"first-small-step" stage.
Mr.. Dulles had by then come to
respect the quality Of analysis be-
ing produced by the small staff of
eager young men who gathered
around Mr.. Farley.
Mr.. Dulles was genuinely sur
prised and even excited when the
Soviet Union decided to involve
itself in a detailed, scientific dis
cussion Of an inspection system to
verify a ban on nuclear-weapons
tests. After the experts of East
and West came to agreement, he
was positively eager" to build
on it, Mr.. Farley recalled.
He makes a special point Of
this because the more prevalent
impression has been that Mr..
Dulles merely toyed with dis
armament, including the test ban.
and never took it very seriously.
Helped Dulles Draw Letters
Mr.. Farley's qualifications for
disputing this popular image Of
the late Secretary are impressive.
The two saw a great deal of each
other, inside the State Department
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

forward" in the factories and
mines. would permit China to over
take the industrial might of Brit
ain in the next 10 years.
An Earlier Porollel
He credited China's modern-day
advance to the wisdom and doc
trines of Karl Marx. the father Of
communism, and the Russian the
orist, Lenin.
But the ironic truth is that
great Chinese emperor, Shin
Huang-ti, had anticipated the
methods and philosophy of Chi
nese communism to an extraor-
binary degree 2.l80 years before.
Some observers feel Mao, deep
student of Chinese history, has
used him, not Marx, as a model.
Builder of the Great Wall, uni
fer Of China, dictator and organ
izer Of slave armies, the Marxism
of Shih's day was called "legalism.
IL advocated cOntrolleQ prices,
naturalization of capital and state
monopoly of trade.
Shin drove thousands Of intel
lectuals into the work gangs. abol-
ished ancestor worship, overthrow
Confucianism. reformed the Ian
guage and set himself up as
father" of his people-events
which have their blurred echoes
in the China of today.
Shin boosted his dynasty would
reign a thousand years. 1t COL
lapsed in Is.
Today, a world grown anxious
by the belligerency of the new
rulers ask how long will their
reign endure?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

easy prey Of foreign nations
anxious to exploit her human and
natural resources.
The Communists then set about
reshaping China into their version
of modern state.
They began by using the hang
man, the jailer and the labor gang
to stamp out the last opposition.
Uncounted numbers went to the
grave in the purges of those first
years.
Then, they confiscated the ex-
ecuted landlords property and
parceled it out to the peasants.
Having won their loyalty and
support by this gesture, they
launched and completed the first
five year plan - which brought
China back to its pre-war indus
trial level-and embarked in 1858
on the second.
But China could not advance
into communism on the backs OF
500 million land-owning peasants.
The hand that gave ruthleSsly took
away and the grumbling peasants
found themselves agricultural
wage earners in thousands OF
peasant co-operatives.
Still dissatisfied with production.
Mao took the next revolutionary
step in August. 1858. He turned
the farmer into a faceless servant
of the state, making each a tiny
human cog in $4,000 vast peasant
communes run with the dull, clock
work efficiency Of army battalions.
Two months ago, Premier Chou
boosted that these severe meas
ureS, combined with a great leap
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
A PACEAGE DIPLOMAT
Our Foremost Authority on Disarmament

cided one gets mo greater wisdom
from a group of scientists than
from any other group"
When he looks for technical
advice he seeks the scientist with
the common sense approach, I'M
shackled by special cause-plead-
ing.
There are three kinds of Scien-
fists to advise the foreign policy
makers, he confides: Those who
are generally wise in political
and scientific subjects alike;
those who are wise in their own
specialties only; and those who
have to be watched for lack Of
objectivity even in their own
fields.
How does Mr.. Farley see pros
poets for an agreement on sus-
pending nuclear weapons tests?
They are just possible enough"
he says, 80 that one has to keep
plodding along 1t is clear there
has not been much progress in
the last few months Gin the
Geneva negotiations with Britain
and the Soviet Union). On the
other hand there has been rela-
lively continuous movement by
the Russians overall. That makes
it certainly worth continuing to
probe"
The Final Decisions
These views Mr.. Farley adj
vances with quiet confidence, but
always with the caution that he
is far from the final voice. Presi-
dent Eisenhower. secretary
Dulles, Secretary Herter. Under
secretary c. Douglas Dillon-not
to mention Aces Chairmen
Strauss and John McCone-have
all taken a personal and almost
daily interest in disarmament,
he says.
All these administration leaders
have learned it profits them to
listen to the Farley viewpoint,
however. President Eisenhower
consulted him at Camp David
during his talks last spring with
British Prime Minister Macmil-
Ian. The President also brought
him along on the triumphant
tour of Western Europe.
Mr.. Farley tries to avoid the
ceremonial side of his job where
ever he can. When French Presi-
dent Charles deGaulle invited
him to the white-tie Paris dinner
for Mr.. Eisenhower, Mr.. Farley
put off buying a set of tails until
the day before he left-much to
the discontinue of his family
and staff.
In Washington. the socializing
of diplomats rarely ensnares him.
He keeps a heavy gardening
schedule, planting shrubs, build
ing terraces, bricking patios-
and keeping his hand in on the
classical piano. Son Paul has
tried, with little success, his father
reports, to turn him into a jazz
musician. Instead the senior
Farley listens to old Dixieland
records and the newer jazz forms
his son accumulates on the family
hi-fi. The elder Farleys' prefer
ence. however, is still for the clas-
steal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

Towards the end of the
dynasty" the Communist history
Of the Shin period continues, "the
inhuman exploitation and oppres-
sion Of the peasants drove them
to revolt and the dynasty was
overthrown."
Will Peasants Toke h?
Stripped of almost all human
freedom, forced to work from
dawn to sunset, subsisting on a
single meal of sweet potatoes a
day. will China's peasants unfurl
the banners of revolt as they did
in Shin Huang-ti's day?
Mao counts on his expert
knowledge Of the peasant to warn
him Of any approaching explosion.
But the Communist Central
Committee in August disclosed
that his lines of information, ex-
tending from the top Of the bu-
reaucratic pyramid to the rice
fields, had suffered dangerous rup-
lures in 1858. The men entrusted
with supplying him the statistics
on how agricultural and Industrial
production was progressing had
been guilty of serious inaccuracies.
He had to order drastic cuts in
the nations targets for 1882
million tons of coal instead Of the
10 million originally planned. 275
million tons Of grain instead of
the record-breaking SIS million
triumphantly predicted in April.
The Communist confession that
the 1858 figures were exaggerated
threw doubt in advance on future
Peiping claims.
Behind the Communist chest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

up? Does this mean the end of
communism in China?" I asked
Mao when I met him at the tiny
Yenan airstrip.
Mao. a doll-like figure in padded
blue cotton patched at the elbows,
looked over the hazy Shensi hills.
"Mr. Roderick," he said with the
faintest trace of a smile. II invite
you to visit us in Peiping two
years from now"
The story of how Macs armies
whirled suddenly and launched
the counteroffensive against
Chang Kai-shek which brought
them to power is history now.
In less than two years, this son
Of Human peasant and his cro-
mics had exchanged their caves for
sumptuous quarters under the
blue and yellow tile roofs Of the
forbidden city" in Peiping, an
Gent home of emperors.
Today at IS, still undisputed
master Of the Chinese revolution,
Mao prepares to celebrate the
10th anniversary of his Peoples
Republic of China"
Chino Held Peace Threot
The Western world condemns
the nation Mao created as an out
cast threatening international
peace and security. The Com
munist bloc pictures it as a knight
in shining red armor. But hero or
villain. Peiping has forced its foes
to acknowledge its might, to deal
with it at the conference tables
of Panmunjom and Geneva.
On October /, 1949, the Chinese
Communists crowned % years of
bitter revolutionary struggle and
intrigue by formally becoming
rulers Of fourth of the worlds
people.
Historians may we'll describe
the years which followed as 1.-THE
Mao decade" They were years in
which this moon-faced poet and
man of action almost alone re-
made the face of old China.
Ten years ago, the world
scarcely knew how to pronounce
Macs name. Few had heard of
the men in his immediate inner
circle -Liu Shao-chi, his arid
faced heir apparent; Chu Teh,
grandfatherly creator of the Red
army or Premier Chou En-lai.
longtime foreign minister and
urbane executor of Red China's
foreign policy.
In the first decade of power,
this handful of strong-willed men
united China. for a century the