davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Free to Resume =

President Eisenhower has done well
in making clear to the Russians that
the United States will feel free to
resume" nuclear testing after its self
imposed, voluntary suspension of such
experimentation expires at midnight TO-
morrow. This does not mean, of course,
that the resumption will occur forth
with, but it serves plain notice that new
American shots may be staged at any
time in the weeks ahead unless the
Kremlin offers some solid evidence,
meanwhile, of being willing to accept
a ban agreement that will offer adequate
safeguards against the danger of clan
deStine violations or evaSionS.
Up to now, such evidence has not
been forthcoming. On the contrary,
after fourteen months of negotiations
with the British and ourselves in Geneva,
the RusSianS-in the Presidents words
still refuse Ito give serious scientific
consideration to the effectiveness of
seismic techniqueS for the detection Of
underground nuclear explosions" In
stead, their politically guided" experts
have clouded the situation with "intem-
perate and technically unSupportable"
arguments that amount to little more
than Intellectually dishonest propaganda
arguments which our own scientists
will completely refute" with special
Recommendation to be made public in the
next day or so.
In these circumstances, Mr.. EiSen-
hover has taken an altogether reason
able position. AS he has put it, I'VE will
resume negotiations in a continuing
spirit of seeking to reach a safeguarded
agreement" and although we will con-
slider ourselves free to return to nuclear
tests as 1860 begins, we will not return
to them without announcing our inten-
tion in advance" Presumably, more
over, the final decision in that respect
whether to set off new detonations or
not-will depend on the attitude of the
Russians when the Anglo American
Soviet talks on the problem get under
way again in Geneva on January IL.
II 1t is an affirmative attitude, a mu-
tually acceptable agreement should be
possible
AS SACdU uiAICuICy 'nVOlVeQ IN all
this stems from the fact that noncon-
taminating underground nuclear det-
onationS, which can be made indis-
tinguishable from natural earthquakes,
cannot be detected nearly so easily as
the familiar atmospheric shots that
cause health-endangering fallout. Ac-
cord1ngly, as President Eisenhower pro-
posed in his April 13 letter to Premier
khruShchev, there is great deal to be
said for the idea that any test-ban
agreement at this stage should be an
interim one limited to above surface ex-
ploSions until ways and means are found
OF establishing genuinely effective pro-
lection against the possibility of sneak
testing in the bowels of the earth.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Redskins POLICY

Somehow I can't elicit too
much indignation over Mar
shall'S failure to hire colored
players. Attendance figures
would seem to indicate that
his Dixie fans are satisfied,
and, needless to say, his views
on this issue have not influ-
enced other owners in the
NFL.
However, I am puzzled by
MarShall's contentment with
half-meaSures. A less be-
guiling owner, imbued with
such dedication to his follow
ing, would take a cue from
many universities in his be-
loved Dixie and refuse to field
a team in the interracial
NFL. But since I am not a
Redskins fan, I suppose this
little detail needn't concern
me.
Besides, I find something
rather appealing in having a
seedy team, with a passe
hiring policy, representing
the seediest section of this
country.
E. N. T.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
The odd Guard OutcY

1t very probably is true that the Re-
publican "Old Guard" is Nixon minded,
even though the Vice President is any,
thing but an Old Guard Republican
himself. Thus there is a limited basis
for the hue and cry which is being
raised by some of the Democratic hope
fulS to the effect that Governor Rookie
feller'S withdrawal was a triumph for
the Old Guard.
Mr.. Rockefeller lent some encour-
agement to this thesis when he said in
his withdrawal statement that it had
become clear to him that the great ma
jority of those who will control the Re-
publican convention stand opposed to
any contest for the nomination" This
suggests a convention boSsed by men
who prefer Mr.. Nixon, and it is a legiti-
mate political gimmick for the Demo-
Gratis to embelliSh and embroider the
theme. After all, they have to attack
somewhere and this is a convenient
starting point
In any honest appraisal, however,
the basis for this kind of attack is quite
limited indeed. And it is limited for the
very good reason that Mr.. Nixon is pre-
ferred, not only by the Old Guard, but
ny very large majority of all Republi-
cans. 1t is this fact rather than the at
titude of the men who will control" the
convention which doomed the Rookie
feller aspirations.
The New York Governor knew from
the beginning that the men who will
control the convention, which presum-
ably includes the "Old Guard" would be
Overwhelmingly in favor of the Vice
President. He also knew, or he certainly
should have known, that his only hope
lay in proving that he was the preferred
choice OF the voters-the rank-and-f1le
Republicans and the independents. All
OF the available evidence points in the
opposite direction, however, and this.
we believe, was the principal reason for
the Rockefeller decision not to challenge
Mr.. Nixon in the Republican primaries.
The Rockefeller organization re-
portedly took its own private polls, and
we do not know what they showed Ac-
cordlng to a Gallup poll released some
Two weeks ago, however, Mr.. Nixon was
the choice of Sc per cent of G. o. P.
voters, while only 10 per cent wanted
Mr. Rockefeller. Among independent
voters, the comparable percentages were
49 and %.
This is the side of the coin that
Will not be mentioned by the Democrats
quite UNDERSTANDABLE, they will bear
down on the Old Guard theme, with it's
smearing connotation. On the basis of
the available evidence, however, the
"lthdraWal OF Mr.. Rockefeller, if one
WlSheS to be fair about it, was victory,
not only for the Old Guard, but for an
file. N--A
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Pay TV

Whatever happened to the
proposed tests of pay TV?
Aside from all the scandals
regarding quiz shows, payola,
etc., I think some of the
commercials could be investi-
gated also.
I would be willing to pay a
nominal fee (25 to so cents
to see some f1rst-rate shows
via pay TV just to eliminate
having to listen or see some
of the obnoxious commercials
that really disrupt a good
show or play.
If pay TV can be added
through other TV channels
I don't see why it doesn't
rate a try.
1t might bring many people
back to watching TV.
Esuad H. Tennek.
Evening star., 1959-12-30

In reading the review OF
Heinrich Schultz "The
Christmas Story" musical it
is apparent that Mr.. Thorpe
forgot that st. Thomas Epis-
copal Church is not a music
hall but a parish Of the
Protestant Episcopal Church.
The service which preceded
the production is an ancient
established ritual and must
be conducted according to
the canons of the church.
If Mr.. Thorpe could not
bear to wait until this was
concluded, he should have
acquainted himself with the
notices in the paper and
timed his appearance so that
he would have missed that
portion of the service which
seemed to have been so bor-
ing and odious to him.
1t is astounding that any
individual could attend a
Christmas service and be so
critical of the church's pro-
priety in conducting its own
service, with prayer and wor-
ship, because of his impa-
tience to get on with the
business of being entertained.
Mr.. Thorpe was not asked to
come, nor was he requested
to pay an admission fee at
the door. If he stole so cents
from the collection plate, as
he admitted in his article
Of December 81, this then
should be a question for the
authorities, who are con-
tinually troubled with the
church's problem of mysteri-
Gus disappearances from the
poor box. from collections,
and of other property be-
longing to the church.
The criticism of Mr.. Dom
ovan Wold's German dis
plays Mr.. Thorpe's paucity
in the language department.
This is but another piece of
evidence of his deplorable
lack of judgment in review
ing any type of public per-
formance. He is an individ-
ual who has delighted in
caStigating church offerings
and other semi-amateur
presentations. These people
cannot or will not strike
back. 1t is time the man is
brought to heel.
He makes his living prey
ing on the efforts of volun-
teer musicians whose greatest
sin is to provide musical in
Spiration to other people.
But, when he attacks a
church'S service as, quote,
hymn singing, Scripture
reading, creed recitation, and
other nonessentials," Mr..
Thorpe has gone too far.
Charles r. Thompson.
Evening star., 1959-12-30

sion of capacity-are expected to pick up
speed in the second half of the year.
There are, of course, potential pit
falls in economic prophecy-as in polit-
ical. Housing and agriculture are two
aspects of the economy that currently
are running against the upward trend.
The steel situation still is major un-
certainty, despite the assumption men,
toned above, and there are other labor
management problems lin the railroad
industry, for example) that might upset
the economy. As beginning of new
decade, however, the first year offers
more of promise than of apprehension.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Rating Teachers

There is much current
talk about tying teachers
periodic pay incrementS to
merit ratings. Further, as a
part of the Board of Educa-
tion's new proposal for SAL
ary increases, it has been
strongly suggested that a re-
view board be set up to de-
termlne whether the teachers
degree of efficiency warrants
his being given a raise.
1t seems to me that exist
ing machinery is not only
adequate but also much
better. All it needs is an op-
portunity for proper func-
tioning. If supervising direc-
tors, their assistants and
administrators did not have
to spend so largely of their
time and energies on clerical
and bookkeeping activities,
and on other mechanical as
poets of school. they could
devote more effort to class
observation. More clerks, reg
istrarS and counselors would
give constructive relief in
these areas.
The only way to ascertain
the quality of the teachers
teaching is through regular
and frequent visitation.
Without this operation as
the main factor, I do not
see how a fair Judgment can
be reached.
]. w. Haywood, Jr.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

there are other persons who,
literally, have never heard
of this activity.
Birds, to them, are of two
kinds, those outdoors, and
those indoors in cages.
The outside birds, to them,
remain mysterious additions
to life, to be accepted with a
nod of recognition and a
swift "Good-by."
If they see them on a feed
ing board, they simply do not
understand what it is all
about. They may even, when
it is explained to them, re-
sent the fact that you waste
your time and money in this
way.
Those who have been in
itiated into, or have initi-
>ated themselves into, this
gentle modern sport, come
to think of birds as creatures
needing help in the cold.
x +
There are times, of course,
when all persons of sensibil-
ity come to see that our wild
creatures need assistance.
These times are usually
when deep SHOWS, and espe-
cially ice, coat the bushes and
berries, and make food find
ing difficult.
Then even the least SEN
Sitive are lured into putting
out a slice of bread.
The bird feeding station
may be nothing more elabo-
rate than a cleared place in
the snow.
One of our greatest bird
disappointmentS, however,
came with this type of
feeding station"
1t was during that men,
orable early April snow of
several years ago.
A single robin had arrived
in our yard. and there he
was in the 6-inch snow with
very little to eat except what
we threw him.
Most of this sank beneath
the snow, so we cleared a
nice place for his table and
put bread, raisins and some
suet in it.
Do you know, that silly
bird would not come into the
clearing!
He futtered around the
edges. cooked an eye down
into the cleared spot, which
was about 4 feet in diameter,
and then flew away.
After that, we just let him
find his own food, which he
must have done, because
he was still around, bright
and chesty, when the snow
melted.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Looking Into 1860

economic prophets are displaying
comfortable confidence in their YEAR
eno speciality of forecaSting the course
OF business affairs for the next twelve
months. Almost without exception thew
are predicting year of record activity
with history-making breakthrough of
the half-trillion dollar mark $500 bill
nom IN gross national product. Signif-
cant IN that respect, incidentally, is the
opinion expressed by the National In
ouStrlal Conference Board that this new
peak Will be reached primarily through
an increase in real product rather than
through further price imitation.
AT the same time, with comparable
uniformity, the forecasters include the
same major assumption in their esti-
mates, namely, that there will not be a
renewal, or at least more than very
prle1Iy, OF the steel shutdown when the
1a1t-Hartley injunction expires on jan
uary 26. Actually, while the long steel
SIrlKe reduced production and earnings
ngureS for 1859 the consequent backed
up demand figures largely in current
calculations of greater business activity
IN the year ahead. An analysis by Bust
ness week magazine, for example, notes
that steel users will be rebuilding inven-
tories at a frantic pace through the
t1rst half of the new year and estimates
record f1rst-quarter output of 2,24O 900
AUTOMOBILES. Authoritative forecasters
on consumer spending figure that rising
employment, higher wage rates and more
overtime pay in period of great demand
for production will combine to increase
personal income sharply. And if these
factors begin to taper off somewhat by
mid-year, capital expenditures more
for plant modernization than for expan-
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Caught in Squeeze

Congress will have many
problems to solve, affecting
the lives Of all of us. Not
least is the rising cost of
living. Federal employees are
among the many caught in
this squeeze. Heretofore,
Congress has not seen fit to
pass legislation giving these
employees an "escalator
clause" in their salary levels;
yet there has always been
a clamor that wages have not
kept pace with the rising
prices. A wage increase
granted two years ago is just
not sufficient today-so the
wage Garner is forced to ask
for wages commensurate with
what he had in 1858. But as
the loss was gradual over a
two-year period, he must ask
for more to make up the
difference.
When he does ask for it.
there is a great hue and cry
to the effect that he is caus-
ing imitation. The point is
made that the wage increase
will increase costs, that the
costs must be added to the
price of the product, and so
on. There is no mention
made of the fact that many
other factors can and do
play a part in causing infla-
ton. Thus, each step of a
wage increase becomes a
"shock" which must be alb
sorbed as soon as possible.
Escalator clauses cushion
these shocks if the rise is
gradual and not too steep;
and there is reason to believe
that slowly added increments
would tend to stabilize prices
much more than wage hikes
of 10 per cent, or 10 cents
more per hour. 1t might even
mean the difference between
a worker paying for some of
the things he buys, as he
goes, instead of paying
premiums on his debts. There
should be no place in the
American scheme of living
for the loan shark. Given a
chance to get out of at least
a part of their debt, many
American families would
take advantage Of it.
So why can't we tie more
wage scales to cost of living
indexes, and try to bring
better living to more people?
That question is put to
Congress.
William P. Thomas, Jr.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
"DAHLoNEGA ROAD.

Dear Sir:
Since coming here, your
column is a must with me.
Really, you have helped me
in knowing the birds, plant
life, and just everything, and
anything you write about is
always so enjoyable. You are
a blessing.
THE other day I had a
little elderly lady over. and
as it was her first time in
our home, we took her
through the house, and so she
came to our bedroom.
"She looked out the window
and saw a little woodpecker
on our feeder, chopping away
at some suet I had put in
a mesh bag.
She looked at me, and
said, What is the bird doing
outside, won't it fly away?'
She was most sincere, and
OF course after we had ex-
planned to her that it was
a wild bird and that we had
many coming to the feeder,
she felt relieved.
To-day the mockingbird
has come to take over the
feeding station. All I did
was to put a piece of apple
on a nail and we have the
best floor show I'd never
trade, or get tired Of.
Most sincerely, ST..
"P.S.-My husband and I
wish you the seasons greet
ings, and may you continue
to write your columns for
many many years"
y y y
This anecdote of the little
old lady who had no expert
ence with bird feeding sta
tions reminds us of a similar
visit paid to our own house
some years ago.
The visitor was a city
woman, living in an apart
ment, who also had never
heard of feeding the wildings.
She looked out of the din
ing room window, and saw a
squirrel perched in the bird
feeder amid the rhododen-
dronS.
"Oh, a rabbit" she cried.
This was another of those
semidifficult situations in life
in which it is almost i'm
possible to tell the truth with
out hurting another. Per-
haps those are most fortu-
nate. in everyday life, who
just don't mind.
They go right ahead and
speak out. and soon the whole
thing is forgotten.
It is hard for the bird
feeding family to realize that
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Mideost Background

I realize that the world
sympathizes with the Jews
after the extreme mass per-
Secution by the Nazis during
World War II, Just as the
people Of the world and many
Germans also pitied them by
thought and by action during
the time Of their persecution.
Certainly the Jews should
have a homeland, but not at
the expense Of / million Arabs
whose ancestors had lived for
1900 years in Palestine, a ter
ritory whose population was
80 per cent Arab before the
establishment of the Israeli
state. These Arabs lost their
lands and their homes and
became pennilesS refugees, to
make way for Jewish refugees
who had themselves been
forced by Nazi persecution to
flee their homelands. The
Arab refugees are victims Of
unavoidable conflict, and it is
unfair that they should be
made to pay the price Of
something for which they are
not responsible. Justice is all
that they ask. and Israel
would gain respect and pres
tige if it permitted these peo-
pie to return to their homes
in the land which Israel an
nexed. The United Nations
has requested rs times that
Israel repatriate and COM
pensate the paleStinean refu-
gees, but Israel has ignored
the resolution 78 times while
West Germany has been pay
ing $40 million each year as
compensation to Jewish refu-
gees.
Mr.. Meyers claims that the
Arabs sold much Of their land
and left because the Sheikhs
departed. Actually, in Haifa
blaring loud speakers manned
by Jews circulated through
out the city, building up such
fear in the Arab residents
that they broke and fled from
the area. In many other cities
Arabs were expelled when Is
raelis invaded their land, de-
molished their homes, and
annexed their territory. An
indisputable incident is the
massacre at Dair Yasin in
which 280 Palestinean Arabs
(mostly women and children)
were slaughtered by the Jews.
Such acts of organized
threats and violence even be-
fore the rab-Israeli war
made the mass exodus Of the
Arabs from their homes an
imperative, sagacious, and
necessary procedure. AS Count
Bernadotte of Sweden pro-
claimed to the United Nations
the day before he was assas-
sinated in Jerusalem by Zion
ist terroristS: THE Jewish
state was not born in peace
as was hoped for but
rather in violence and
bloodshed."
Mr.. Meyers does not seem
to understand the historical
background of the British
part in the Arab Israeli con-
flict. The British are not to
be blamed for evacuating
Palestine; much of the re-
sponsibility must be placed on
United States officials who
encouraged the British to
evacuate. Furthermore, the
fact that the Arabs are SYM
pathetic to the Germans is
only a natural thing and is
not related to the Jewish
issue; one must simply recall
that the Arabs fought on the
side of the Allies during
World War but that they
were deceived by Western
secret treaties at the Paris
Peace Conference and conse-
quently placed under British
Evening star., 1959-12-30

where the rockets take him.
Living is more complex than
flying.
There is a police chief
in the middle Of the brain.
It acts. in a complex
fashion, to restore order
among the millions of cells
that make up the body's vital
organs when they are thrown
out of line by external
stresSes-cold. heat, fear,
pain and the like.
1t is described also as a
bridge between the nerve and
chemical regulators of the
body - brain and glands.
Another designation is
"homeostat" something that
acts automatically to restore
the shocked body to normal
as a thermostat maintains a
fixed temperature in a room.
This function of the So
called hypothalamus, a small
area Of nervous tissue in the
mid-brain, is considered one
of the most significant find
ings to date of the Office
of Research and Development
of the United States Air
Force. The composite picture
results from the work of
several scientific contractors.
The body regulating
mechanism is a four-link
chain-top of the brain or
organ Of consciousness, the
hypothalamus, the pea-sized
pituitary gland near the base
of the brain and the adrenal
glands.
The body reacts automati-
cally to the stress and func-
tions of various organs may
be thrown badly out of kilter.
The top of the brain recog-
nizes the danger but by itself
can do nothing about it. 1t
sends a message to the
hypothalamus which, in the
light of present researches
seems to combine some of the
functions of nerve tissue and
misunderstanding tissue.
The hypothalamus imme-
diately secretes a substance
very similar to a hormone,
or product of any of the
glands of internal secretion
which initiates and controls
bodily reactions without itself
entering into them. This
hypothalamic substance has
its immediate effect on the
pituitary which has many
functions of bodily control.
The pituitary at once Sc
cretes a hormone which i'm
mediately throws the adren-
ais into action. Another hor-
none, corticosterone, is Sc
creted into the blood stream
which carries it to all parts
of the body and brings the
disturbed cells back to nor
NAL.
Basic Finding
The basic finding. as de-
scribed by Air Force scien-
fists, is that of the hormone-
like secretion from the hy-
pothalamus, apparently a
unique phenomenon for nerv-
Gus tissue. Several of the
contractors have succeeded
in isolating this substance
and have made some progress
in analyZing it. 1t appears
to be a so-called polypeptide.
physiologically close to the
structure of proteins, build
ing stones of glands and
muscles, but considerably
simpler. 1t is made up of
from six to eight amino acids,
nitrogen containing chem
icalS, whereas a protein con-