The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1959-12-03

explosion, what fallout is, and,
why it is dangerous.)
This week we will begin with
what determines the size of the
fallout area. The extent and
location of a fallout area are
determined by altitude, type of
bomb, size of fallout particles,
atmospheric conditions, weather,
and the nature of the ground
surface.
Because of these many factors
involved, it is impossible to ac-
curately estimate the hazard of
the fallout in advance. The area
of probable fallout and the speed
with which fallout will arrive
can be estimated The forecasts
will be released by the Weather
Bureau and Civil Defense auth
critics.
Raindrops and snow flakes
passing through contaminated air
collect fallout, thus the fallout
comes directly to the ground
where if the weather is dry the
particles would spread over a
larger area.
Although hills, valleys, and
slopes have very little effect on
the distribution of fallout, large
mountains and ridges will col
lect it on the side facing the sur
face wind. These areas should be
checked in the local areas.
Fallout's greatest danger and
hazard is during the first hours
proceeding the explosion. This
is when the radiation is very,
very intense. This danger de-
creases as the time moves on
because these materials decay
and as this process takes place
the intensity lessons.
Although rate of radiation of
a given particle is about two per-
cent less after a 24-hour period
than that of the same particle
one hour after the explosion, it
is still dangerous and should be
treated as such.
You can protect your family
and yourself from radiation by
limiting the time of exposure to
it. This can be done by staying
IN an adequate shelter. This
shelter can be provided by sew
eral feet of earth or concrete
shielding the individuals from
the radiation. The walls of an
ordinary frame house give some
protection.
In the event of an enemy at
tack, Civil Defense officials and
other authorized personnel will
issue instructions by all avail
able means of communication so
that you will know if fallouts
is coming and exactly what is
happening. The CONELRAD ra-
dio stations, at $40 and 1910 on
your dial, will keep you in
formed. The Pathological moni-
tors will measure the amount of
failout in the area and shuttle
the information to the area Of
ficials who in return will inform
the residents when the area is
safe and when you may leave
the protected area. However, the
basic responsibility is the in
| dividuals'.
REMEMBER! Fallout is odor-
less and may be invisible. It can
be measured only with proper
instruments.
Many people wonder if they
should have Geiger counter or
some other device to detect fall
out. They would not find the
counter useful because the in
struments commonly available
are designed for such use as
uranium prospecting and are not
satisfactory for measuring dang
erOus levels of fallout.
Unless person has a definite
knowledge of the proper instru-
mentS and is qualified to inter
pret the readings, any device
would be of no value to a person
Livestock
Fallout is as equally dangerous
to cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, and
other livestock as we'll as hu.
mans. If the fallout settles in
the coat of the animal it car
cause skin burns or if the animal
drinks water or eats pasture
grass or commercial feed, the
radiation may cause serious in.
ternal injuries. Total body ex,
posere may result from externa.
radiation or surface contamina.
ton that has penetrated deep into