davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03

was that by the end OF 1857
the North Korean and the
Chinese forces statione d
north Of the 3eth Parallel
had been provided with the
most modern military equip
ment: the Communists had
established about 81 airfields.
including some underground
bases. when they had none
before the armistice, and the
Red air forces were provided
with late-type jet fighter and
bomber planes.
The NATO and ROK forces,
on the other hand, we're MAIN
tanned In an as-you-were sta
tus. No reinforcements were
sent except requirements for
the two American divisions
and one Turkish brigade. and
especially no weapons other
then those available at the
signature Of the cease FIRE.
either for the NATO or the
Korean forces. We observed
those terms scrupulously un-
til the situation became so un-
balanced that in the summer
Of 1857 we denounced the
sections Of the armiStice
which provided that our and
the Korean forces could not
get modern war increments.
This might have oeen a
costly experience for the free
world in Asia had it not been
for our base at Okinawa 1t
provided sufficient deterrent
to prevent the Communists
from taking advantage of the
terms of the armistice cigned
by the United States and its
NATO associates in the naive
belief that the Communists
would live up to their pledges.
The Red high command in
China knew that In the event
it renewed its aggression
against the ROK, the Ameri-
can flattops of the 7th
Fleet and the powerful air
force at Okinawa would rem
der another overt act an ex-
pensive and painful PROPOSE
ton.
Because of these recollec-
tons Of the very recent cast
the French, the Germans, the
Italians and ourselves-to say
nothing of the lesser Western
powers-have remained re-
luctant to accept the British
plan despite the fact that ION
paper" it had some merit.
The question is being asked
in diplomatic quarters wheth-
er the control teams would
not be as unbalanced as those
in Korea. The Swiss and the
SwedeS and possibly the Irish
would be available to under
take control over the Red
area. But there is no reason
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
Secretary Generals Pre-Summit Role
Held Vital to Alliances Preservation

U. NJ, speaks for an organ
zation that is immense on
the outside but next to pow
erleSS on the inside. Mr..
Spaak, as secretary-general
OF NATO. speaks for an or
ganiZation that is unique in
international politics.
This organization, too, can
negotiate and mediate. But
it can fight, too. if it must,
from a vast arc Of real bases
confronting the Soviet Union
across half the face of the
earth.
Mr.. Spaak, that is to say
and this is the core of the
matter-understands both
persuasion and power and is
fully at home with either.
He is a kind of human bridge
now, and more and more will
be one. between the bigger
partners of NATO. This he
could never be, notwithstand-
ing his official position or a
dozen official positions, but
for the kind of man he is.
1t is not the title that is
significant here; it is the
human personality.
Mr.. Spaak stands now at
the point of what is in sober
truth a genuine division in
spirit within the Western
alliance as to how best joint
ly to deal with the Russians
at the summit. 1t would be
false and destructive to in
fate this into some bitter and
rupturing row. But it would
be equally false. and perhaps
destructive too, to pretend
that no kind of disagreement
exists at all.
Certainly, the United States,
West Germany and France
are troubled by the fear that
the British may be ready to
offer the Russians too much
too soon. Certainly some
of the smaller partners
Belgium among them. for
that matter are similarly
troubled. And certainly the
British, on their side, are
worried that we may offer
unduly difficult precondi-
tons to negotiating at the
summit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
Speeches by Ministers Called Symbol
OF Moral Force Against Aggression

ade ago. He pointed to the
accomplishments Of that pc
riod-the economic as well
as military progress Of the
West. He said:
III we are TO meet the old
challenge under new condi-
tons, we must continue to
remind ourselves that mill
tary strength. and the cour-
age to employ that strength
II required, were necessary
to permit a decade Of politi-
cal and economic advance
ment, and is the indispen-
sable condition for further
progress"
But it is significant to
observe that some Of the
strongest warnings against
apathy or appeasement came
from the two top men in the
NATO Council itself. Thus
the President Of the council.
Joseph F. Luns. the able
Foreign Minister Of the
Netherlands, appealed to the
other Western representa-
tives to avoid any feeling Of
defeatism. He said this has
never been able to preserve
peace. He added:
I'VE should not assume
that our peoples are wholly
immune against a state of
mind to be described as
WEAKNESS, if we wish to be
kind, or as defeatiSm, If we
prepare to put it strongly.
There have always been
people questioning the value
and vitality of our civiliza-
ton. They are prophets of
woe. Some are honest
men with noble hearts un-
able to face the idea of con-
flict, and sincere in their
paciflsm. Some, on the other
hand, are cryptic Communists
or fellow travellers. But most
of them are just frightened
men, whose will and stamina
are not strong enough to en-
dure the continuous tensions
of the cold war;"
Another statesman of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
DORIS FLEEsoN
AIcorn's Resignation Raises Question
Of National Offices Essentially

The departure of Chair
man Meade Alcorn from the
craftsmanship of the Repub-
lican National Committee
has once again brought up
the question of the essen
TALLY of the national party
committees between cleo
tons.
This has been a sore point
for years among the Demo-
Gratis and has embarrassed
them in Embarrassing efforts.
National Chairman Paul
Butler believes in maintain
ing a full panoply of func-
tionaries in the off years.
Treasurer Matthew H, Nc
Closkey thinks the commit
tee ought to get down to the
bare bones between elections.
He has come near Indicating
responsibility for keeping the
machine going in between
times.
This particular problem
has not been brought into
such sharp focus among the
Republicans, but it is true
that if the Democrats at
tempt to keep a full head of
steam at all times, the Re-
publicanS do. too. Both party
organizations are excessively
initiative of each other. Wit
ness the G. o. P. efforts to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
DORIS FLEEsoN
Party Committees in Off Years

theoretically, the original
debt has been paid, but its
amount gets transferred from
year to year.
Democratic fund = raising
prospects were materially
raised by last November's
sweep. At the same time the
Republicans money raising
activities have been hampered
by the dispute as to the goals
of the party. which has left
some right-wing fat cats dis
enchanted.
Politics on every level is
today much more expensive
than a generation ago. But
1t well may be that it is not
an increase in responsibility
or chronological revolutions
in communications which
have led to the increase in
the size and costs of the ma
tional committees. Always
at work are the forces Of
bureaucracy where accretion
is the law of nature. The
rule here is the bigger the
better.
Expe rience demonstrates
that this is not necessarily
the case. The Democratic
committee was never more
effective than in the days of
Herbert Hoover when it con-
sisted very largely of John j.
Raskob, an unpaid chairman,
and its propaganda, Char
ley Michaelson, and his vivid
typewriter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Kentuckys Senator Morton may be the new Republican
chairman When party seeks the blue grass it figures it's
about to be turned out to pasture anyway.
Ike addresses the NATo alliance This the great real
tor Of military outhts-more subdivisions than divisions
One Democrat boasts he's cinch to be nominated for
President He's the only who'll promise he hire
relative as his running mate.
Chairman Acorn maintains his record as progressive
Republican He quit the national Jump ahead Of
the rest Of his party
Ike procams Youth Fitness Week The ttest kids these
days the sleepy heads The don't have run for
the school bus.
1t. Gen. Burns kicks colonel of plane to make room
for enlisted Soldiers hail Burns their kind Of GI-
General Ideal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03

duplicate for itself the soul
searching which the Demo-
cratic Advisory Council at
tempts to do.
Both Democratic and Re-
publican National Commit
tees are expensive operations.
1t will come as a surprise to
Democrats who are used to
being outspent in elections
by the Republicans to learn
that their committees OPP
erations currently are more
costly than those Of the Re-
publicanS. The Democratic
National Committee tab is
now just short of 81 million
a year. The Republicans
check in at about three
quarters Of that.
A difference, albeit small,
lies in the fact that the Dem
ocratic National Chairman
gets paid and the G. o. p.
chairman does not. The adj
visory council is also included
in the Democratic budget.
The heavy cost of running
the national committee has
kept the Democrats solidly
in debt since the last presi-
dental election. Money raised
from dinners and otherwise
has been required to meet
current payrolls and expenses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
Bases Ruling Appealed
By Kishi Government

decision would result in an
urgent campaign to amend the
constitution, which some circles
in Japan have been urging for
some time.
Directly at stake is the 1851
United States Japan security
treaty, giving the United States
the right to maintain bases
and troops in Japan. and agree
ments to implement the treaty
The Tokyo district court said
these pacts violated Article
Of Japan's constitution, which
forbids war as an instrument
of national policy. The consti-
tuition. was largely written by
United States occupation Of
f1cials, and Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur while occupation com.
mander ruled that the enc
war" clause did not prevent
Japan from having military
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03

In world diplomacy, not
even the greatest of power
is yet a substitute for people,
for individual man. And in
diplomacy it is impossible to.
overestimate the value of a
ong-established reputation
for special integrity, for abil-
ity. for common sense.
This is why a statesman
from one of the smallest Of
the Western nations is filling
an ever-increasing role in the
Vests search for a unified
approach in the coming sum-
init conference with the So
Wet Union. 1t is all very well
to keep ones eyes on the
mammoths-on Washington,
on London. on Moscow. But
it would be a.mistake to spare
no glance to Paul-Henri
Spaak of Belgium.
Mr.. Spaak comes from a
country that has few troops;
but even fewer soft and fool
ish illusions. Stain cynlcally
asked during the Second
World War of the Pope: How
many divisions has he got?"
Belgium. like the Pope in this
regard. is short on divisions.
But Belgium has Mr.. Spaak.
Or. rather. Belgium has pro-
vided Mr.. Spaak to be the
leader of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization as its
secretary-general. And this
Mr.. Spaak is no mean force
on the side Of the West.
For he speaks now not for
Belgium: but for what is,
after all, the sole collective
military and political force Of
the West-the NATO alliance.
He is not now simply that
middle-aged, calm, rocklike
Belgian who used to lead his
own country with the skill Of
the true professional He is
now the embodied voice Of
the free West; the sage of the
allies.
Those who please to do so
are welcome to compare Mr..
Spaak to Dag Hammarskjold
of the United Nations. But
there is in fact a big diff
ference. all the difference in
the world. Mr.. Hammarskjold,
as secretary-general of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
Past Red Tre0chey Leaves Ministers
Wary Of Inspections Plan in Europe

The British plan to recon-
Gle the goat international
communism with the cab
bage (the remaining free
world) by the creation Of q
demilitarized zone and q sys-
tenn Of inspections in Cen
tral Europe TO separate the
Western and Red forces
seems to have found no TAX
ers among the foreign min
listers Of the other interested
powers. According to diplo-
matte sources, 1t viii not be
included in the proposed
package" to be presented
by the Western nations to
the Soviets.
Those who have listened
attentively, to the presenta-
ton of the British Foreign
Minister agreed that under
normal conditions and in
dealing with q nation or a
group Of nations which have
some vague notion Of the
meaning of national honor
and respect for the given
word. the British plan has
definite merit. But in deal
ing with international COM
munism "a term applied to
the Soviet Union as well as
the Peiping regime), painful
experience has proved that
while we are expected to do
our share, the other side is
not.
We trusted the Communist
word when we signed the
Korean cease-fire in 1858.
There, as in the British plan
for European disengagement,
a d emilitarized zone was pro-
vided, as well as inspection of
both sides by neutral teams.
The teams chosen by the
NATO nations which had
fought the Com m unist
onslaught we're truly neutral:
Swiss and Swedes. The teams
chosen by the men in Pei
ping and their subordinates
in Pyongyang were satellites:
Poles and Czechoslovaks.
The Communist "neutrals"
had free access to the area
south Of the 3Sth Parallel;
they could visit all our mill
tary installations and see
that no other equipment or
reinforcementS were brought
in. The Swiss and Swedish
representatives were not
allowed to go wherever they
wanted. They were kept prac-
tically prisoners in a number
Of localities in North Korea.
The sequel to this situation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Worth of the Communists Word

TO believe that they would
not be treated in the same
way the representatives on
the first neutral nations had
been treated north Of the
3Sth Parallel.
Despite the reports that
Prime Minister Macmillan
had indicated to Premier
Khrushchev during his visit
to Moscow that this British
disengagement plan had
chances Of being accepted by,
the other partners, it appears
that London agrees now that
the allies would be taking
more than a reasonable cal
culated risk"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03

IN unity there Is strength
and q dramatic example Of II
was noted in the tenth ami
versary meeting here this
week Of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organizations coun-
ell.
The speeches were signifi-
cant Of q common purpose.
They were symbolic Of q
cause that offers the counsel
Of moral force but at the
same time. in the background,
displays q firm intention to
use military force to resist
aggression.
President Eisenhower's adj
dress gave warning that the
Western world must always
avoid substituting illusions for
reality" in dealing with East
West disputes. He pleaded
for the sacrifice needed to
maintain and improve our
collective strength over a long
period Of time" But he also
pledged that I'VE shall always
keep open the door Of honest
discussion-even to those
whose creed is world DONNA
ton"
Mr.. Eisenhower said the
West would never cease to
encourage" the abandon
ment of the Communist pur-
pose Of world domination"
He did not say how this could
be accomplished, but he was
doubtless expressing the hope
of the many believers in moral
force that somehow in due
time the truth will penetrate
behind the Iron Curtain and
the peoples there will them
selves either change their rul-
ers or cause them to abandon
their aggressive purposes.
1t was interesting to note
throughout all the speeches
a recognition Of the gravity
of the whole situation. Chris
tan Herter, the Acting Sec
rotary of State Of the United
States. said the threat of
aggression is mo less dam
gerous" than it was when
NATO was organized a dec
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
DAVID LAWRENCE
NATO's 10th Anniversary Unity

West. Paul : Henri spaak.
council chairman and sec
retary-general of NATO. was
also unequivocal in his state
ments. He said:
Ten years ago. the North
Atlantic Treaty gave practi-
cal expression to the union
Of IL countries and to their
common determination TO re-
sist any act Of aggression.
To-day. this union and this
determination appear TO US
so natural and so necessary,
that we can no longer con-
ceive for our peoples a free
and peaceful existence with
out them. Yet we did not
seek this union when the
war ended. II was imposed
on us by the dangerous. un-
acceptable policy followed by
the Soviet Union"
Mr.. Spaak pointed proudly
TO NATO's achievement in
bringing within its frame
work West Germany and
France in a system Of Joint
defense. He declared that,
due to, the political con-
seriousness developed by
NATO in Western Europe.
the major accomplishment
of reconciling France and
Germany has proved posi-
ble."
But there was no specific
mention Of the overwhelming
support Of both parties in
the United States Senate
which, by a vote of 50 to Is,
brought about on July 81,
1919, the ratification of the
North Atlantic Treaty. This
pact is unlike any ever signed
before by this country, for it
commits the United States to
defend Neutrality-suspicious. a
declaration Of war by Con-
gresS = any one Of the IS
countries now in NATO
which come under attack.
This alone is a momentous
development in an atomic
age of common danger as a
one-man dictatorship, like
that which started World
War II, again threatens
world peace.
(copyrisht, 1850
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
VACCINE TO BEAT
so TO 709o OF
COLDS PREDICTED

A vaccine that can pre-
vent from so to 70 per cent
Of all common colds may be
available within the next
two years, according to a
Notre Dame University pro-
fesSor of virology.
DR.. Thomas G. Ward,
of South Bend, Ind, told
Of the vaccine possibility in
an interview reported to-
day in the American Medi-
cal Associations monthly
publication. Today's Health.
Nonetheless. DR.. Ward
said. the vaccine won't wipe
out colds. People are not
going to take the vaccine.
Just as they are not taking
polio vaccine" he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03

forces for defense purposes
only.
Prime Minister Nobusuke
Kishi's ruling Liberal-Demo-
cratic Party supports this view
and the presence Of United
States forces in Japan as a
defense measure. The Social
lists. the chief opposition party,
oppose rearmament and United
States bases in Japan and are
expected to make the lower
court ruling a major political
issue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-03
''llliracIe'' fabrics!

''MairacIe' fabrics!
ENGLISH TROPICAL WORSTEDS
The miracle" fabrics may and so-but there's still
nothing like English Tropical Worsteds They're porous
and COOL only wool be clear as the morning sun.
shine naturally 1.-the and wrinkle-resistant tip the
scale light ounces Ito the yard We have these British
marels in the becoming coors patterns checks
stripes ombres in black dark gray dark brown medium gray.
Try today
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-09-04

ed before, they are not contests,
but worship services in hymns. The
next will be held with the Hatcher
Baptist Church in Cumberland. the
fifth Sunday in November.
Cindy Cave, Of Farmville. spent
last week with her grandparents
Mr.. and Mrs. C. w. Cave.
Friends of B. L. Apperson, Sr.
are sorry to hear he has been sick
and hope he may soon be improved
in health.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charlie Thompson
and Revonda, of Baltimore, Md.
were recent guests of Mr.. and Mrs
John Davis
Mrs. G ertru d G Richardson. o.
Scottsville, visited Mr.. and Mrs
Ivan Snoddy. last week.
Schools Open
Buckingham County Schools open
ed Monday The teachers and pu
pills are back in the old routine
Mrs. Louise Johnson. who has
been spending some time with hel
sister. Mrs. Edith Clarke. at Cole
Hill, is visiting her children il
Richmond.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Hurt. Of Forl
Union, spent last Thursday alter
noon with the c. " Caves The,
! fished in the farm pond and wer'
j supper guests there.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-09-04
Forest Fertilization Begun At
Agricultural Experiment Station

A fertilizer spreader at work in
the forest might be an unusual
sight today but few years hence.
forest fertilization might become an
accepted practice
AgronOmists and foreSters at VPI
Agricultural Experiment Station are
currently beginning series of tests
aimed at determining whether or
not it will pay to fertilize forests. as
it does to fertlllze other crops
W. W. Moschler. assistant agrono-
mist at VPI. explains that the de
mand for forest products is on the
Increase. while the supply is de
creasing. Generally. the better soil
types grow timber in shorter
period of time than do poorer soils
The scientists are wondering if
trees will grow faster on the poorer
soils after Inning and fertilization
Several c m m e r la ! fertll-
izer companies. commercial forest
companies, and private landowners
also are interested in the question
and have furnished some of the
land. materials. and financial help
needed to make the studies in forest
fertilization
The first test is in Orange county
on an extremely poor soil Three
acres Of land have been cleared Of
scrub hardwood and planted in lob
Jolly pine. There are blocks Of
trees with no treatment. other than
planting. blocks of trees which are
lfned, blocks that are fortified
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-09-04

in Richmond
Mr.. and M. S. William Myers and
Norman, of Newport News, have
been guests Of Mr. and Mrs. j. ~
Putney
C. w. Cave received word last
week that his mother, Mrs. D. H.
Parlett. was critically i'll at her
home in Luray. The latest news IS
that she is improving after suffer
ing q nonparalytic stroke.
Misses Flo Snyder and Carolyn
Hudgins were Thursday nj 9 h t
guests OF then aunt. Mrs. Carl
Davies. Of Arvonla
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Anderson
and Ashley were recent visitors of
her parents. MI and Mrs John
Moss, at Gladstone They a S 0
visited iii Lynchburs
Visit Friends
Dr.. and Mrs j. f. Johnson. Of
Lynchburg. called Sunday afternoon
III the homes Of Mn and Mrs M
e, Daane and MI and Mrs. M. K.
Davis
Recent callers OF the Misses Mary
and Louise Anderson included Mrs.
G. W. Rhodes and Mrs Emma
Sweety. Mrs. P A Huxter n d
Mary Ellen. and Carlton Boat
wright, all of Richmond Mr. and
Mrs. E F Hart. Of Chatham.
Mrs, W. P Patterson and Winston,
Of Bremo. Mrs. Granville Ander-
son. Mrs. W T Childress. Mrs
June Nixon and Mrs Harry Mann
/ Mr.. and Mrs. John Moss, of Glad
stone, are spending some time with
Mr. and Mrs Ernest Anderson
Willard G. Fisher and Willard
Jr., of Mineral were luncheon guests
of MI and Mrs. c. w. Cave last
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-09-04

and blocks which are both lined
and fertilized The researchers want
to determine both short-term and
lOng-term results growth responses
during the first few years. and after
Is OF 20 years. Even now. only six
months after planting. there is
marked response to the lime and
fertilizer Of small growth like weeds
and huckleberries. Whether this will
be true OF the pine seedlings re
mains to be seen
Another test will be conducted in
an established pine stand perhaps
one that Is 10 to Is years old and
has good stand of desirable
trees. but which il too small for
cutting The scientists seek to de
ternnine if and how much growth
can be speeded up. if the quality Of
the timber Or pulp wood can be i'm
proved. and how much il will cost.
The fertilization Of hardWoods
VIII probably be a third expert
ment HardWoods take more min
erals from soil than does pine.
Moschler explains. and are more
exacting than pine when it comes
to soil fertility