davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Sodder Day Comma

In moving for Taft-Hartley in
junction in the steel strike, the Presi-
dent commented that this "is a sad dav
Tor the Nation" He is right in that.
But even sadder days may lie ahead.
The Government went into Federal
court after the collective bargaining
procedure had broken down. Opinions
may vary as to where the responsibility
rests for this failure. Probably both
sides must share the blame.
There are certain facts, however,
which point the finger at David Nc
Donald, the union president. The steel
companies made an economic offer to
the union, and the fact-f1nderS told the
President they felt the two sides were
only about one cent apart on the wage
issue. If so, there should have been
no irreconcilable difference in that area.
The thing that really brought the nego-
tlatlons down was induStry'S demand
for changes in the work rules. On this,
the industry finally offered to submit
the question to binding arbitration. Mr..
Mcdonald fatty refused, and that is
where the matter stands.
With the steel shortage reaching
critical proportions, Mr.. Eisenhower in
structed the Attorney General to apply
for the injunction. We think he had
no other choice, and if it is granted the
SteelworkerS will be ordered back to
work for 80 days.
What is Mr.. McDonald'S attitude?
IT the injunction is issued, he said, the
men will go back to their jobs for the
prescribed period. He refused to say
that they would go back to 'work." He
announced that the "juSt cause" of the
steelworkerS will not be obScured "by a
piece of paper known as an injunction"
And, finally, when the injunction runs
out, he said that the union members
will enforce their right to set their own
price for their labor"
In substance, Mr.. Mcdonald is say
Ing that he will obey the "Scrap of
paper" which, of course, he has to do,
but that the strike will be resumed after
the 8O-day period unless he gets what
he wants in the meantime. This is both
an arrogant and an irresponsible at
titude. For there is more at stake here
than the demands of the Steelworkers.
The national welfare is also involved,
and in the end the national welfare
certainly will be Safeguarded. This may
require new legislation imposing COM
pulsory arbitration, and that would
bring sadder days than those the coun-
try faces now. Mr.. Mcdonald, as a
responsible union leader, should be CIV
ing some serious thought to this pros
pect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
No More Pumperinq

1t took long time, during which
there have been innumerable killings,
beatings and rapes, but New York City
finally has decided to crack down firmly
on its teen-age gangSterS. The program
just announced by Mayor Wagner is
aimed especially at the gun-toting,
knife-wielding juveniles who have been
responsible for the big city'S shocking
reign of terror in recent weeks. The
Mayor and other city officials-some of
whom in the past have been inclined
to pamper the youthful hoodlums in the
hope of reforming them-are now agreed
that stern measures are needed to make
Manhattan safe for decent citizens.
After long consultation with various
municipal agencies and officials, Mayor
Wagner has proposed legislation and
ordinances designed to disarm and con-
troll the gangs Of young hoodlumS in
Testing some neighborhoodS. First of
ALL he would lower from 16 to IS the age
at which a juvenile may be tried as
criminal for certain serious offenSeS.
Present State law prevents anyone under
Is from being tried for any crime except
one punishable by death or life impriS-
onment. Yet the FRI's national crime
report for 1858 showed almost as many
15-year-olds involved in a variety Of
serious crimes as 16-year-oldS.
Another important proposal would
prohibit the carrying of knives by teen
ayers, except for certain purposes. New
York already has outlawed switch-blade
and so-called gravity knives, the blades
of which may be sprung open suddenly
by pressing a button or Ticking the
wrist. The new law would cover even
penknives and other conventional types
unless used for Boy Scout or other legit-
innate purposes. The plan also would
license all gun dealers, put tighter re-
Strictions on gatherings of teen-agers
and make all members of an unlawful
gathering culpable if any person in the
group is found to be armed.
1t is sad commentary on commu-
nifty life in this supposedly enlightened
age that such drastic regulations have
to be considered. But, as FBI Director
Hoover declared in recent message
to police of the Nation, the problem of
youthful crime today truly has become
"a monster of frightening proportions"
Soft-hearted and soft-headed measures
are of no avail against such monster.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Mystery in Moscow

1t is not surprising that American
and Russian versions of the Langelle
case are quite different. They are, how
ever, so wholly different that our State
Department should take further action,
If any, only on the basis of the facts
as it presumably is in position to de-
termine them.
In brief, the American version as
attributed to Russell Langelle, security
officer at our Embassy in Moscow, is
substantially this: On alighting from a
bus near his Moscow Office, he was seized
by five men who drove him to nearby
building where he was questioned and
accused of espionage, his family threat
ened and money offered to enlist him
as spy for the Soviet Union. When he
was freed and returned to the American
Embassy, our Charge d'Affaires imme-
diately protested to Soviet authorities
whose answer was that Mr.. Langelle was
an American spy and that he must leave
Russia forthwith. He is now en- route
home, accompanied by his family.
The Russian version, as reported by
the Associated Press, is that two men
were seen exchanging a suspicious
looking" package. When the two men
were detained (by patriotic bus pasSen-
gerS) and searched (by proper authors
ties), one "a Russian citizen) had
package containing 10000 rubles (about
$4,000, materials for producing invisible
ink, and a letter of instruction for
espionage. The other, identifying HIM
self through official documents as Mr..
Langelle, had in his possession secret
data written in invisible ink.
Both versions are bizarre, to say the
least. If Mr.. Langelle has been reported
correctly, the crudity of the Russian
offense justifieS the strongest protest.
If, on the other hand, the Russian YER
sion is correct, our Government is not
in strong position to make an issue
of the incident. We hope it will be
possible to find out precisely where the
truth lies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Big Hat in the Rinq

A "ten-gallon hat" was pitched into
the Democratic presidential ring last
week end in Texas when Speaker Ray
burn announced the opening of his
campaign to make Senate Majority
Leader Lyndon Johnson the party's top
nominee in 1860. If the timing so far
in advance of next summers convention,
or the strategy of placing Mr. johnson
in the favorite-Son category, seems sur
prising, it is worth noting that the
action reflects the astute judgment of
pair of the Nations most skillful prac-
titionerS in the art of politics.
1t has been generally assumed, of
course, that Mr.. Johnson would emerge
in due time as a candidate. Despite
past inSiStence that he would not seek
the nomination, he has clearly left the
door open for a draft, or to take adj
vantage of deadlock among the 'front.'
runners. Up to now, at least, there is
no evidence that any one of those more
widely mentioned Senators Kennedy of
Massachusetts, Humphrey of Minnesota
or Symington of Missouri-iS in a po-
sition to steam roller the convention.
Actually, favorite-Son holding OPP
erations in several key States threaten
to prevent any individual from taking
a commanding lead before the conven-
ton meets in Los Angeles on July II.
Only Oregon, where the primary law
is so broad that even the reluctant
dragons" may be forced on the May 20
ballot, offers promise of a real pre-
convention test among virtually all of
the prospective nominees
AS Texas favorite son, Mr.. Johnson
would start with one of the conventions
'arger delegations-61 under present
plans for pportionment-with reason
able certainty that some of the nearby
Southwest States would be in his camp
from the beginning. While the Texans
geographic base likewise may be a han
dicap in the regional rivalries, and he
obviously is not the choice of the So
called liberal bloc, the Rayburn-J ohnSon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Those Ten-GuIon Hats Sure Take Up Lot Of Spucev
LETTERS TO THE STAR

On September S, 1919,
Senator William E. Borah
declared in the Senate: "Mr.
President we are not at war
with Russia; Congress has
not declared war against the
Russian government or the
Russian people. The people
of the United States do not
desire to be at war with Rus
STA Yet =. we are car
rying on war with the Rus
sian people. We have an
army in Russia; we are furn-
iShing munitions and sup
plies to other forces in that
country, and we are just as
thoroughly engaged in con-
flict as though constitutional
authority had been invoked,
a declaration of war had been
made, and the nation had
been called to arms for that
purpose There is neither
legal nor moral justification
for sacrificing these lives"
Albert E. Kahn.
Glon Ellen Co1if
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
John Browns Memory

Your october 16 editorial
on John Brown, entitled
What Manner of Man?",
says Beginning tomorrow
there will be a re-enactment
of this mad and tragic ad-
venture which it would be
better to forget"
All over the world, in AZ
RIGA and in Asia, in Indo-
nesia and in China, the les
son Of John Brown is, and
always will be, remembered.
For what reason would it
be better for us in America
to forget him?
The modern disciples of
racial discrimination would
certainly like to forget John
Brown. Those who deny the
right of the Negro to vote
would dearly love to forget
him. The landowners who
live high on the rentals from
Negro ghettos all over Amer
lea would be delighted to be
able to forget him. But John
Brown lives on. Not even a
Star editorial can abolish his
memory. John Brown knew
he was to be hung, but he
did not falter or finch from
his fate.
1t i'll becomes any man to
finch or cover from the
facts of oppression that still
exist in the United States.
We badly need the memory
of John Brown. Now, more
than ever. we need men to
carry on the fight.
1t is too bad that our John
Browns are all hung. Just as
it was too bad that the Ne
groes of his day did not i'm
plement his vision. Very few
of them in America have it
today.
william L. Ross.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20

Senators Johnson and
Young are making economic
asses of the Democratic Party
by suggesting more wasted
money on space rockets.
Who cares if the Russians
waste money on rocket flights
when they ought to be rails
ing the standard of living?
The attitude of some Sena-
tors and Congressman to out
do the Russians is a juvenile
hangover of two school kids
quarreling over who has the
smarteSt papa, or arguing
over whose papa has the
biggest automobile.
Congress can better serve
the country by reducing taxes
than by creating more bu-
reaucracies. Who gives a
boot whether there's green
cheese or volcanic ash on the
moon?
Let the Reds do the vast
ing-we'll soon learn all we
need to know at their eX-
pense. We far exceeded the
Reds on atomic and hydrogen
development, but now they
know all we know.
The billions spent for ir-
rigation dams, flood control,
war tanks etc. pay off, they
endure: a rocket fired is
gone forever, and benefits
nobody but the bureaucrats,
and material suppliers. We
taxpayers must pay TO fire
another shot at some planet.
Russia has more vodka and
caviar than the U. S., the
us. has more chewing gum
than Russia; Russia has bet
ter ballet dancers than the
U. S.; the U. S. has more
beauty salons than Russia
let's start a quarrel over
these fool things as we'll as
over who can. shoot a rccKeG
the furthest.
o. G. Plestarnt.
Corpus Christi, Texas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Objects to McGW

Do you have to have a So
Wet softener like Ralph Nc
Gill writing in your eStimable
paper? Aren't there enough
Soviet sympathizers heard
from intermittently in the
newspapers without making
one a regular columnist in
an otherwise pro-American
sheet?
Richard l.. Feldman
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20

President Eisenhower'S abb
horrence of war and his pro.
found desire to achieve peace
full settlements vis-a-vis Rus
STA are obviously sincere and,
in view of the number of poll
ticians in both parties who
continue to shake 9 big stick,
his attitude is something we
should all be deeply grateful
for. However, his political
judgments of the factors
making for war are sadly open
to question. A recent speech
in which he reminiSced about
the peaceful state of the
world in his youth points this
up rather sharply.
The Presidents boyhood fell
between 1890 and 1910, an era
often looked back on as one
of unutterable peace and
calm. Nationally, this was the
time of some of the most in
tense labor struggles of our
history, marked by great
strikes brutally suppressed.
Our cities were cesspoolS.
tuberculosis, overcrowding,
high infant and maternal
mortality, low wages and long
hours made life a misery for
great numbers of people.
Across the world, tens of mil
lions of Asians and Africans
were in virtual bondage. as
were most South Americans.
The western powers ENJOYED
a spurious prosperity for the
few by exploiting the wealth
of the rest of the world. The
United States engaged in a
war with Spain which can still
make us blush, and acted as
something less than good
neighbor in Latin America.
German, French and British
maneuverings in Africa laid
the foundations of World War
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
THE POLITICAL MILL
Rockefeller Takes to the Road
By GOULD LINCOLN

dent organization outside his
own State of New York. Mr..
Nixon, on the other hand, APP
parently has the support Of
the regular party organization
in a great majority Of the
States. 1t seems an insur-
mountable stask to overcome
such a lead.
Two Favorable Precedents
Several factors and at least
two precedents doubtless give
the New York Governor hope.
The Rockefeller name is, in
deed, widely known in this
country. In recent years the
name has become synonymous
with philanthropy, as well as
with the oil industry and huge
wealth. The Rockefellers
have roots in many parts Of
the country. The benefits
constitute a great labyrinth,
along with their many bust
ness interests. With the
wealth at their command-in-
GLIDING the wealth allied with
them-there will be no lack
of means needed for the
creation of a Rockefeller po-
litical organization. How far
this organization is already
on the way, how soon it could
be. set in motion is known
only to the Rockefellers
themselves. 1t is we'll UNDER
Stood-and known-however,
that the Governor and his
friends have for several
months been sounding out
key men in important places.
The precedents to which
the Governor may look for
hope both occurred in the
Republican Party. The first,
in 1910, when Wendell L.
Willkie, a clever lawyer and
president of the Common
wealth and Southern with
roots in Indiana and entirely
unknown to politics, came
from out of the blue and
won the presidential nomi-
nation in the national con-
vention in Philadelphia, leav-
ing Senator Taft and Gov.
Dewey and other contenderS
at the post. The second pre-
cedent occurred in 1852.
Gen. Dwight D. EiSenhoW-
er, successful commander in
chief of the Allied forces in
Europe during the Second
World War, permitted his
name to be entered in the
New Hampshire presidential
primary-the first of the
lot-and his supporters to
start the organization Of
political clubs all over the
country. The response was
amazing. In the end, he won
the presidential nomination.
Notwithstanding the support
given to Senator Robert A.
Taft of Ohio by most of the
regular party organization.
Gen. Eisenhower, however,
was not lacking political lead
ers-Gov. Dewey of New York
and Senator Henry Cabot
Lodge of Massachusetts,,
among others. Nor will Gov.
Rockefeller be without i'm
portant political aid when
the showdown comes, it is
believed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
What Kind of Peace Is America Striving

expense of millions who will
not be asked what they want.
Peace and freedom are in
separable. Holding the Ma
lions back from each others
Threats may be a matter for
diplomacy, but a hieving
peace will be a matter of poll
tics. We must not be afraid OF
theological conflict. In this
Age of Notification. conflict
is regarded as psychiatrically
unsound, but if we let the
Russians kid us into thinking
that talk of political freedom
will hurt their feelings, or if
we SILVER in our boots at the
thought of Frances diSpleas-
ure, we will be talking not of
peace but of a deal.
This is not to say that
there has to be political
settlement of all outstand-
ing issues before the Nations
can begin seriously to work
for disarmament and peace.
The arms race not only gen.
crates an increasing danger
of war, but it prohibits the
kinds of political and eco
nomic developments which
peace will require. The point
is that we must have a clear
political picture of the kind
of world we want to achieve,
and that we must hold this
vision firmly in mind as we
negotiate particular items.
And it is relevant to ask in
this context if the President
and his advisers have much
understanding of the factors
making for war. If we end
up with the kind of world we
had in the decades of Mr..
Eisenhower's childhood, we
will not have advanced very
far.
Warren w. Morse.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20

influence in party maneuvering has been
proved large and effective through the
years of their partnership on Capitol
Hill. Mr.. Rayburn has been quoted as
saying, I'D like to work in the cloak
rooms and in the hotel rooms and
among the delegates for whatever
might want" Now that Mr. Rayburn
has made it clear that what he wants
is to see Mr.. Johnson nominated, the
latter's prospects should not be lightly
downgraded.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20

I. Then as now, the Russian
government was an offense
to all good men. For every
person to whom that was the
Golden Age of peace and
plenty, there we're thousands
to whom it was an Age of
Horror. Let the President tell
aging coal miners that those
were the good old days.
Why is this relevant to the
Presidents ability to make the
correct political judgments
today? In those days, peace
was thought to be a matter of
accommodation between gov
ernments. Peace was a matter
of agreeing not to fight over
which government was to
own what subject people, and
the fact of coIonialism SEEM
ed no contradiction to peaceS.
When the Russian govern
ment was not fighting japan
it was regarded as at peace
regardless Of how it treated
its own people.
If this is the kind of peace
that Mr.. Eisenhower wants, it
will be no peace. To put it
simply, there will be no peace
if the Hungarians and Poles
are afraid to open their
mouths. There will be no
peace so long as Franco sits
astride the Spanish people, or
Chang Kai-shek suppresses
the people of Taiwan. We are
not at peace when the Chi
nese government destroys the
people of Tibet. nor when
American military and para
military agencies stir up trou-
BILE in Laos and Cambodia.
1t will not be peace if the
French government manages
to crush the Algerian rebels.
We will only have a morato-
rum on war, bought at the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
TVCritic

Deception on the quiz shows
has been bad. Dreadful! In
f1nitely worse. however, are
the still operating crime
films, Westerns, etc., which
enthrall our young ones from
the moment they are able
to sit in front of a TV set.
Juvenile crime? Is it any
wonder? Won't someone in
authority please get this type
of entertainment(?) out of
sight forever!
E. p. Lincoln
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Dark Ages had loopholes, or
portfolios, or whatever they
were called.
The invention of glass, in
Egypt 1000 years ago, was a
triumph of mankind.
Just when the window, as
such, came into being, is
more difficult to pinpoint.
Certainly the thing we call
a window today is not very
old, as such things run.
Our modern windows
played in hard luck, we think,
when the invention of air
conditioning and powerful
interior lighting made it
possible to do without win
dows at all.
u X y
The very existence of the
most modern buildings has
now had its bareback.
Some of the latest con-
Struction is going in for
windows in a big way!
We know one church
building that is practically
an uninterrupted series of
windows. And we recall see
ing the photo of a tall build
ing which is all windows.
So things go in cycles. and
anyway you look at it a WIN
dow is a mighty fine thing,
and if you question this,
wait until you move into a
windowless or semiwindow-
less building yourself.
Then you, too, will join
the parade to the window.
You will be lucky if it
looks out on a nice park, with
trees, and old-fashioned
green benches, and blue sky,
and white clouds, except on
gloomy days, when the clouds
may be dark and lowering.
All nature is caught and
reflected in such a window.
No wonder it lures people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-20
Birth of Red Russia

Mrs. Cora March, widow Of
Gen. Peyton C. March, U. S.
Army Chief of Staff of World
War I, challenged Premier
Khrushchev's assertion that
during the 1892 war of in
tervention in Russia Ameri-
can soldiers fought alongside
other foreign troops and
White Guard forces against
the Reds in an effort Ito
strangle the revolution" Ac-
cording to Mrs. March, This
is completely false. The fact
is that the Chief of Staff of
the United States Army vio-
lently opposed this expedi-
ton =. commanded by Gen.
William S. Graves. The
American troops at no time
fought against the Reds,
Whites or other factions /.
The American forces num-
bered 1000. :"
1t seems that Premier
Khrushchev is more familiar
than Mrs. March with this
phase of United States-Soviet
relations. While it is true that
Gen. Graves himself strongly
oppose intervention and
sought to be strictly neutral,
the approximately 1000
members of his expeditionary
force in Siberia were not the
only American soldiers in
Russia. There were also over
5000 United States troops in
MurmanSk and Archangel.
Toge Their with British,
French, Italian and White
Russian troops, the Ameri-
cans fought under Maj. Gen.
Frederick C. Poole, the Brit
ish commander in chief of
the Allied Forces in North
Russia, against the Soviet
forces in that area.
1--WE used gas shells on the
BolSheviki," Ralph Albert
son, a YMCA official who
was in North Russia in 1919,
wrote in his book, Fighting
Without a War" We fixed
all the BOBBY traps we could
think of when we evacuated
villages. Once we shot more
than 80 prisoners . I have
heard an officer repeatedly
tell his men to take no priS-
oners. to kill them even if
they came in unarmed. {.
Night after night the firing
squad took out its patches
of victims" A detailed &C
count of this campaign is
given in "Archangel: The
American War with Russia"
by Capt. John Cudahy of the
American Expeditionary
Force 'later us. Ambassador
to Belgium. Capt. Cudahy
related how when the Amer
lean 339th Infantry refused
to obey orders in protest
against this vicious unde-
clared war, their commander
assembled the troops and
read them the Articles of
War specifying death as the
penaltV for nutiny.