davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-12

proved itself corrupt and inetfec-
tual.
North Wet Nam
Wet Nam-Population Is mil
lion. area $4,000 50. miles. Faces
Communist north Wet Nam Cor
Wet MIMI In q position like that
Of the Republic Of Korea. The
Communists have tried TO make
q showplace Of North Wet Nam
with huge expenditures TO bolster
the economy, have held back on
forcing the establishment Of a
commune system similar to that
in mainland China.
Along with Cambodia and Laos,
Wet Nam came into existence
with the Geneva agreement of
1854. which forbade any of these
new nations from joining SEATO.
But the SEATO nations, in a
special protocol, have unilaterally
pledged themselves to defend the
Geneva-created nations. which
are thus protectorates Of the free
world.
Wet Nam has 10000 men UNI
der arms, 90 per cent in the army.
which is trained and equipped by
the United States military adj
visory group in the country. The
rest of the economy also is beefed
up by United States aid. Presi-
dent Ngo Dinh Diem, elected in
1855, is in full practical control
Of the country.
CambOdia- Population 5 mil
lion. area $1,000 square miles.
Ofiicially neutralist, recognizes
Communist China, is ruled by
Prince Norodom Sihanouk, who is
nervous at United States aid to
neighboring Laos and Wet Nam.
Cambodia in turn frightens its
neighbors with its leaning toward
Communist China, and the
United States is no less concerned.
But the SEATO nations will not
permit an attack on Cambodia-
fortunately, the little kingdom is
separated from Red China by
Laos, a mont Communist land.
Laos - Population 3 million,
area $1,000 square miles. A land
locked kingdom that borders Red
China, is much inflltrated by
Communist political officers in
remote villages and rural regions.
who have set up their own police
and even judicial systems. Neigh
boring North Wet Nam, under
Communist Chieftain Ho Chi
Mini, is the origin Of these dis
turbances. Laos tiny army of
$4,000 is hardly enough even to
maintain internal order.
Staunchly pro- Western Premier
Phoui Sananicone, a man of con-
spicuous courage in the face of
Communist pressures, is embar-
raised by revelations of corrup-
ton in the use of American aid
supplies, but his defiance of next
door Red China has won unquali-
fed admiration from everywhere
in free East Asia.
Corruption in Indonesio
IndOnesia-population 81 mil
lion, area $4,000 square miles.
The largest of the 'uncommitted'
nations of East Asia. She occu-
pies one of the worlds richest
territories, but has failed to ex-
plot fully her treasures of rubber,
metals, and oil. Her government
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-12

military forces in excess OF Co.,
900 men: the older men, especially
officers. have much previous COM
bat experience. the younger men
little or none. except for Quemoy
veterans and some air force flyers.
The American military detach-
ment on Taiwan Is about $500.
all In training and advisory ca
pacity. They have good words on
the effectiveness of the Nationalist
troops. who now possess the latest
non-nuclear weapons. including
F-l00 Starfighter Jets. Nike
Hercules ground-to-air missiles,
and MAJ and MAJ tanks.
A major fighting force in East
Asia is the United States 7th Fleet.
on cruising missions In the waters
between Taiwan and the China
mainland. The front-line fist Of
the American Pacific feet, which
numbers hundreds Of ships and
100000 men to back them UP, the
18th Fleet Is considered q major
deterrent to further Chinese
Communist advances in coastal
East Asia.
Genuinely Pro-Americo
The Philippines population %
million, area $4,000 square miles.
An archipelago Of more than 1000
islands. Its polyglot population is
perhaps the most genuinely pro-
American in the Orient, thanks to
more than so years Of United
States ownership and benevolent
tutelage Of the islands. This not
withstanding, postwar national
ism. political demagoguery, and
an appalling government corrup-
ton and waste of United States
aid funds have produced a tricky
combination of irritants to good
relations.
United States bases at Clark
Field (Air Force) and Subic Bay
Navy hold 10000 men, are under
fire from extremists, but face no
real danger of forced evacuation;
some changes in the status-of-
forces agreement are foreseen,
however, to give the Philippines
more jurisdiction over the activi-
ties of United States troops OUT
side the bases. The small Philip
pine army Of $4,000 has by itself
wiped out all but the last MOLE
cules Of the Communist-inspired
Hulk rebellion in central Luzon.
This army is well trained in the
United States tradition, proved
itself reliable and loyal at Bataan
and Corregidor. and as guerrrillas
during the Japanese occupation
of the islands.
The Filipinos, mostly Christian
and English-speaking, are staunch
friends Of the West.
Thailand - Population 81 mil
lion, area 200, 900 So. miles. Allied
to the West by the Southeast
Asia Treaty Organization (other
members: Pakistan, the Philip
pines. Great Britain, France, Aus
tralia, New Zealand, and the
United States, of which Thailand'S
capital, Bangkok, is the seat. Many
observers are fearful of what will
happen to Thailand's free world
alliance should ailing strong man
Sarit Thanarat step down from
power. Premier Thanarat is a
military man, has sweeping pow
ers, last year abolished the Thai
national assembly, which had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-12
The Taft Memorial Tower
Continued From Page CT

Continued From Page CT
ment groups with which he had
been associated all his life.
He was, in a word, a symbol
and vital part of the Senate's
deliberative tradition. He had i'm
mense respect, in principle at
least, for free discussion and free
debate. Like the Senate in gen.
eral, however, he tended to be-
lieve that all really proper wis
dom lay in Senators and the SEN
ate. presidents, to him, but for
an exception who had been named
William Howard Taft, were a
rather dubious lot at best and if
they happened to be Democratic
Presidents, one could only hope
that the harm they did to the
country could be held to the mini
mum.)
Thus, he carried farther than
did his institution collectively one
Of its gravest shortcomings: He
was inclined to evaluate all in
formation on ideas not solely for
their inherent content but in
large part for the suitability of
their source. A man he believed
responsible and passably intelli-
gent could tell him anything and
have at least a fair hearing. But
a man outside the pale-say a
New Deal Democrat or some
highly unsenatorial Senator
never said anything good so far
as Taft was concerned.
To him the ultimate epithet
was the word nonsense" and the
ultimate crime was the commits
sion of same. To talk nonsense
was, to Taft, an intolerable af-
front. 1t was worse than often
sive; it was waste Of time to a
man who drove himself merciless-
ly and considered that all suitable
persons should of course do ike
wise. When somebody was talk
ing nonsense" in the Senate. even
somebody on his own Republican
side when Taft was the Republic
can leader, that unfortunate man
would quickly be made aware Of
his CHASTITY error.
A Bipartisan Contempt
Taft had no hesitation in turn
ing publicly upon the offender, and
glaring him down on the spot.
His contempt for what he believed
to be foolishness- foolishness by
men in high places. that is-was
absolutely bipartisan. It was, by
the way. the only touch Of bipar-
tisanship in one who always be-
heved, and usually said in the
plainest possible way, that the
whole concept of bipartisanship
was pretentious cant.
But there was another and in
finitely more mellow side. Taft,
who was in his absent-minded
way an aristocrat of the old
school, had great tolerance and
some sympathy for all who were,
in his view. members Of the outer
breeds without the law. Toward
these, toward all who in his mind
we're the irresponsihles. he had an
odd. detached but real kindness.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-12
Corruption in Indonesio

IndOnesia-population 81 mil
lion, area $4,000 square miles.
The largest of the 'uncommitted'
nations of East Asia. She occu-
pies one of the worlds richest
territories, but has failed to ex-
plot fully her treasures of rubber,
metals, and oil. Her government
Evening star., 1959-10-28
Sd SET OF TWINS
BORN TO MOTHER;
DAD IN HOSPITAL

LITCHFIELD, ILL.,, (AP).
For the third time in
four years, Mr.. and Mrs.
William Ingersoll are the
parents of twins, their Sec
ond set of twins in IA
months.
Mrs. Ingersoll, 30. gave
birth yesterday to a boy
and a girl at st. Francis
Hospital. She also gave
birth to a boy and a girl on
August 26, 1858, three years
after the couple had girl
twins. The yalso have three
other children.
Mr.. Ingersoll, 30-year-old
supply clerk for a roller
skate manufacturing firm,
also was confined to the
hospital. recovering from
an illness.
Evening star., 1959-10-28
MoTHERWELLl fi
Veteran Prosecutors
Push Conviction

had lived a wandering, troubled
life marked by the death oi
his second wife and their baby
daughter, Heather.
The death Of his wife, whose
body was found in a bathtuk
of their Clydesdale place NV
home in November, 1858, wa:
ruled accidental. Last Febru-
ary 6, the Frederick grand jury
refused to indict him in the
death Of Heather. whose body
was found buried in a Frederick
animal cemetery.
Motherwell's talent for i'm
personation has gotten him
into trouble twice. He served
six months in a Minnesota
Federal Prison in l945 for
illegally wearing a discharge
button, and was placed on pro-
baton nine years later in Ten
nesSee for impersonating a
Navy officer.
A major mystery in the latest
case against Motherwell IS the
Of some $50,000 in
cash and securities which Mrs.
Putney is believed to have been
carrying when she left Wash
lngton in June, 1858, with
Motherwell on what was to be
her last trip.
Evening star., 1959-10-28
Contlnued From Flrst Pake


feeling OF the community"
said Mr.. Reyes associate. Sam
uel Klein.
THE burden of proving pref
udice will be on the defense.
Mr.. Smith said. II think our
county is as good as any for
the trial. The people here only
know what they read in the
papers"
Mr.. Reyes said he plans to
show the court clippings from
local newspapers to prove that
the stories were pretty well
slanted" against Motherwell.
Motherwell took the bad
news very we'll" Mr.. Reyes
said. He was disappointed, but
confident he would be ac-
quilted.
"The last thing he told me
was that he does not want his
wife to come out here for the
trial." Mr.. Reyes said.
Mrs. Motherwell and their
22-month-old daughter, Denise;
live in the 1700 block Of Lyman
place NE.
Until his arrest in Atlanta,
Ga. on August rs, Motherwell
Evening star., 1959-10-28
CUBA
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
were reported to have sunk to
a new low with Prime Minister
Castro's curt rejection Of a
State Department protest yes
terday.
At the same time, the Castro
government was taking new
steps which could have serious
adverse effects on American in
vestments in Cuba.
President Eisenhower indorsed
the strong protest delivered by
United States Ambassador
Philip w. Bonsal to President
Osvaldo Dorticos and Foreign
Minister Raul Roa yesterday.
Mr.. Bonsal expressed the deep
concern Of this Government
over apparently deliberate
efforts to promote distrust and
hostility.
The increasing strain in rela-
tionS with Cuba was expected
to bring comment from Mr.,
Eisenhower at a news confer
ence today.
In its stern statement, the
Evening star., 1959-10-28

Board of the National Security
Council.
Possible Successors
Livingston Merchant, for
mer Assistant Secretary for
European Affairs, became Dep
uty Undersecretary and is now
considered one of the prospects
to succeed Mr.. Murphy.
Another possibility would be
10y w. Henderson. now Under
secretary for Administration,
who also holds the rank of ca
reer ambassador.
Who will now take the post
of Ambassador to West Ger
many when David K. E. Bruce's
expected resignation becomes
effective is still a matter for
speculation.
H. Freeman Matthews, pres
emily Ambassador to Austria,
has been mentioned but some
officials indicated his appoint
ment to the Bonn job is un-
likely because he intends to
Evening star., 1959-10-28

ton against Cuban President
Fulgencio Batista. Maj. DiaZ
LAM succeeded in evading the
surveillance of the United
States authorities to fly sup
plies to the (Castro) 26th of
July revolutionary movement" "
During the leaflet bombing"
Of Havana last week, two Gu
bans were killed and many were
injured. Despite Prime Minis
ter Castro's implications, the
Havana police have admitted
the plane did not drop bombs.
The major said firing was done
by Mr.. Castro's armed forces
on the ground
Ambassador Bonsal assured
President Dorticos and Mr..
Roa that the United States has
observed and will continue to
observe a policy of Inter
vention in the internal affairs
of Cuba. He said this Govern
ment enforces, to the best of its
ability, all laws prohibiting ac-
tivities against foreign govern
ments by persons residing in
the United States - including
Cubans who have sought re-
fuge here
He said law enforcement
agencies have diligently investi-
gated all available information
involving possible violations of
applicable statues and have
taken into court all cases where
evidence was sufficient to prose-
cute.
Mr.. Bonsal noted that the
United States is still waiting to
receive specific information of
alleged export Of arms from the
United States. as charged in
Cuba.
The Ambassador pointed out
that investigation is being g
pressed in the Diaz LAM Incl
dent Of last Wednesday. saying
the case has been referred TO
the Justice Department to de-
Evening star., 1959-10-28
MURPHY
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
and skill as a negotiator to help
settle many a diplomatic crisis.
Secretary of State Herter has
relied on him just as heavily.
Settled Disputes
Mr.. Murphy has played key
roles in helping settle the fight
ing in Lebanon, the Trieste dis
'pute and many backstage dip
lomatic quarrels.
He also has been one of the
most influential men IN the
State Department in deciding
on policy with Russia. When
Soviet diplomats visited the de-
partment to discuss detailed
problems, Mr.. Murphy was
usually the man they called on.
He was born in Milwaukee,
attended Marquette University
there and George Washington
University here before joining
the Foreign Service on Sep
tember 7, 1920.
Working his way up through
the ranks, Mr.. Murphy was
closely associated with Presi-
dent Eisenhower during World
War II. He served on Gen.
Eisenhower's staff as political
adviser in North Africa in 1912.
Later he helped negotiate
the armistice with Italy and
became political adviser for
West Germany with the rank
of Ambassador at the end of
the war.
Worked on Peace Treaty
He worked with Secretary
Dulles in writing the Japanese
peace treaty and later became
Ambassador to Tokyo.
He was the United States
political adviser to the United
Nations command during the
Korean armistice negotiations
from April to July, 1853, and
in December of that year be-
came Deputy Undersecretary of
State for Political Affairs.
When Mr.. Dulles died last
spring, Mr.. Murphy was ele-
waited to the post of Under
secretary and named the State
Department representative on
the Operations Coordination
Evening star., 1959-10-28

standing Of Africa'S drive for
independence.
Begging" Denied
He said his country which
will be a year old this month,
wants economic and technical
assistance but only if it is
offered on a pasis of mutual
respect.
I'VE are not begging for as
sistance," he declared. We pre-
fer liberty to charity"
Both the United States and
Russia are eager to extend
assistance to the former French
colony, but Mr.. Toure indi-
Gated yesterday his country
does not intend to ally itself
with either the East or West.
"Often it is said that in
Africa there exist two blocs,
a Western bloc and a Com
munist bloc" he said. "All
Africans laugh at such ideas.
"As far as we are concerned,
there are two blocs--a bloc of
developed countries and a bloc
of underdeveloped countries. "
Emancipation Urged
President Toure spoke with
bitterness of the colonialism
that still remains in Africa and
said the chief purpose of his
mission here was to obtain the
support Of the United States
toward rapid emancipation of
the African continent"
He reminded the United
States and Russia not to for
get Africa and its problems in
their competition for world
prestige.
"At a time when the United
States and the Soviet Union
are thinking of the possibilities
Of development for man on
other continents, Africa would
ask what you think Of its
destiny" he said.
Africa is in this world"
Evening star., 1959-10-28

The United States and Guinea
signed today a general agree
ment providing for wide-range
cooperation in all fields of
culture. President Sekou Toure
of Guinea was present at the
brief State Department GER
emony at which notes were
exchanged.
The eight-point agreements
general aim is to encourage
cultural cooperation such as
the exchange of prominent
citizens" including professors,
specialists and teachers.
Entertains EisenhOwers
1t provides for the establish
ment of libraries and other
cultural institutions and prom
ises favorable treatment of visa
applications of citizens of both
countries.
State Department officials
said another communique will
follow shortly, probably SPELL
ing out United States economic
assistance to Guinea.
Mr.. Toure entertained Pres
ident and Mrs. Eisenhower at
luncheon at the Mayflower
Hotel before beginning a tour
of the country.
He was also scheduled to
visit the Lincoln Memorial and
lay a wreath at the Tomb of
the Unknowns in Arlington
Cemetery before taking of at
F3.15 pm. for Raleigh. N. C.
President Toure also will
visit Chicago, Los Angeles,
Wheeling, w. Va, and New York
during his flying tour of this
country. He is scheduled to
leave the United States No
vember 9 for Canada.
The 81 year. old Guinea
leader made an eloquent plea
at the National Press Club
yesterday for Western under
Evening star., 1959-10-28

/ termine whether a prose
cutable violation" OF United
States law is involved or wheth-
er there is basis FOR arrest.
Continual Watch Promised
THE Government Of Cuba
may be assured" said Mr..
Bonsal, that the Government
of the United States will con-
tinue diligently to investigate
and take all appropriate action
within the law in all such
cases and would welcome spe-
cific information from the
Government Of Cuba to assist
in law enforcement"
At the same time. the United
States rejected with indigna-
ton" all inferences" that this
Government, its officials or
people supported or counte!
nanced illegal activities against
the Cuban government.
Further, Mr.. Bonsal said, It
was the profuond hope of the
United States when the Castro
government came to power that
1t would signalize a restoration
Of peace and tranquility in the
Caribbean area and that
STEADY progress could be
made by all the peoples of that
area in the realization OF their
aspirations for the establish
ment of democratic institutions
and for expanding economies
and higher living standards"
Hope Not Realized"
This hope, however, has not
been realized" the Ambassador
said.
The United States also cate
gorically rejected Mr.. Castro's
charge that the press and wire
services here are engaged in a
deliberate campaign to misrep-
resent or discredit the Cuban
government.
Ambassador Bonsal reiterated
that the United States has not
and will not take position on
the Cuban program of economic
and social reform or comment
upon it except as such a pro-
gram affects the rights of
American citizens and corpor-
ations as established under in.
ternational law. '>
The United States said it still
follows the traditional policy Of
opposing international COM
munism. 1t said it would be a
"travesty to suggest that the
United States opposes demo-
cratic ideals and measures de.
signed for social and economic
progress merely because the
Communists make use of these
slogans to veil their true anti
democratic intentions.
Fulbright Comments
Chairman Fulbright of the
Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee said yesterday that
Premier Castro is utterly in
adequate as far as his govern
ment is concerned"
Senator Fulbright, in a speech
in Arkansas, said Mr.. Castro
"can lead a revolution but he
doesn't know what to do after
he gets in power"
He called charges that Cuba
was being bombed by Florida
based planes "whipping-boy
tactics"
Castro is floundering
around" he said, "using us as
a kind of whipping boy. All
dictators need somebody to
blame. Hitler used the Jews;
China used us. Now Castro is
using us"
Evening star., 1959-10-28

UNITED States urged the Cuban
government to review its posi-
tion promptly SO that the
friendship between the two
countries might be restored
before further damage is done
to Cuban United States rela-
tions."
President Dorticos quickly re-
Iplied that the United States
protest was made without foun-
dation.
The protest was lodged after
Prime Minister Castro, in his
most recent TRADE on Monday,
declared the United States
countenanced the bombing" of
Havana with anti-Castro leaf
lets by planes flown from
the United States.
THE United States Govern
ment," said Ambassador Bon
sal. cannot but view with shock
and amazement efforts to i'm
ply that it countenanced the
bombing Of Havana, efforts
which can serve no purpose
other than to arouse unfriendly
feelings between the two coun-
tries"
Pilots Statement Cited
Mr.. Bonsal pointed out that
United States authorities had
obtained a statement from Mr..
Castro's former air force chief,
Maj. Pedro Diaz LAM, to the
effect that he had piloted an
unarmed plane over Havana
last Wednesday, when the capi-
tai was showered with leaflets.
Subsequently the admission
was denied by Maj. Diaz LAM,
who fled to Florida earlier this
year after charging the Castro
government is inflltrated by
Communists.
Ambassador Bonsal pointedly
noted that in 1858, when Mr.
Castro was leading the revoiu-
Evening star., 1959-10-28
Toure Sees Signing
OF u. S. Cultural Pact

The United States standing of Afica drive for
Evening star., 1959-10-28

Once the Supreme Court re-
ceives the unions petition for
certiorari. it will decide wheth-
er to hear the appeal. If it
refuses a hearing, the injunc-
ton will take effect immedi-
ately. If the court agrees to
hear the appeal, it pobably will
extend the stay of the injunc-
ton until it sits arguments