davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
.&@S<&
THE FILIBUSTER

One of the most interesting announce
ments from Senator Richard Russell, the
leader of the South in the u. S. Senate, came
about two or three months before the first
session of the Eighty-Sixth Congress ended.
1t was the decision of RUSSELL and the
Southerners, to fight new, broad civil rights
bill with every weapon at their command,
even the filibuster.
The filibuster is nothing new. When Jul
ius Caesar was Praetor (according to Seuton-
ius) he staged one of the first recorded fill
busters. He was alone in the Roman Senate,
and was opposing measure to condemn and
execute the Catiline conspirators.
1t is the opinion of the u. S. Senate Lii
brary that the Romans carried the principle
OF free speech and the filibuster with them
through Western Europe and into England,
where filibusters became problem for var
iOus legislatures.
In France, too, the filibuster developed by
those who were determined not to be stepped
on by the majority. The word ''cloture" is a
French word, in fact and was introduced into
French parliamentary procedure in 1914, after
debates had reached wearying and obstruct-
i've lengths.
Filibustering in this country began in the
Continental Congress-
From time to time the rights of members
of the Senate to filibuster have been curbed.
After the 1909 filibuster, jefferson suggest
ed limits.
But the philosophy that there is a time
when the will of the majority may become
tyranny has been strong in the American
mind. Charles Evans Hughes, great Repub-
lcan Chief Justice, said:
I'VE protect the fundamental rights of
minorities, in order to save democratic gov
ernment from destroying itself by the ex-
ceSses of its own power The firmest ground
or confidence in the future is that more than
ever we have its organization and controls,
its vital breath is individual liberty"
Interestingly, President Wilson-who had
championed the rules of the Senate the
man who brought the tightest curbs on
speech in the Senate. After Senators Lane
and Norris, and others, filibustered his bill to
arm neutral ships, Wilson attacked the rules
of the Senate and had workable cloture
rule enacted, in 1917.
1t has been strengthened several times
since, although it is seldom employed by the
Senate, and its latest strengthening came in
January of this year, and Majority Leader
Lyndon Johnson's compromise resulted in a
rule which allows two-thirds of Senator's
present and voting to invoke time limit on
debate.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
sTIPULATIoNs ARE VIOLATED

Many a legislative act has become so war
ped in usage over the years that its original
intent has been pretty well lost to view. The
Act of Congress authorizing parcel post SER
vice, passed in 1913, is very much in point.
This act specified, for instance, that the
service was to supplement, not supplant, prl-
vate parcel carriers. Finally, it specified that
parcel post service was to be self-support-
ing-that, in other words, the charges would
honestly and completely meet the cost OF pro-
viding the service.
All of those eminently sound and reason
able stipulations have been violated during
most of parcel posts existence.
It has supplanted private parcel services
in many instances. 1t is directly competitive
with remaining private parcel services of a
national, regional, and local character. And
it has run up enormous operating deficits,
because the rates charged have not been suf-
ficient to meet the costs. So every taxpayer
has been paying part of the bill for patrons
of parcel post
An Interstate Commerce Commission ex-
aminer recently said that parcel post rates
should be increased by an average of II per
cent The sooner that is done, the better it
will be for the taxpayer of this country.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
I'm THE AIR FORCE"
BY EIoine townsend Diekerson

a Thanksgiving card that we read
at breakfast. And friends all day
called to wish us happy day. 1t
was peculiar and yet it was nice,
too. Our Leslie thoroughly enjoy
ed that turkey and ate like she had
never had such a fare before.
Which she hadn't
Hayes was only in Milford a
little over day, but it was nice
just to be home for that brief time.
While he was home he was quite
sick with the bug that | battled
with last Sunday. This was up
setting since he had such a short
time home and only could eat
limited number of his mothers
good meals and then to be sick for
about three of them didn't seem
quite cricket.
The crew leaves the 22nd of this
month for the Strategic Air Com
mand's competition in Orlando,
Florida. There will only land
say this with tongue in cheek be
1873 air crews participating in this
event. Poor ole Hayes has just
about worn himself out preparing
for this big one. He feels every
minute he should be working on
targets, studying photographs and
radar blips as he did yesterday
and today Saturday and Sunday.
They will bomb" Charlotte, N c.,
Birmingham, Ala. and Macon, Ca,
on an average of 23 times a night
during the four days. Our boys
will only get one chance. one mis-
sion; as will the other participat-
ing crews. They will drop three
bombs-one for each target. So
you see how rough it will be. You
''go for broke" on one bomb per.
and that's really tough. If our
good crew wins you will hear me
in Delaware. Hope you do!
Until next week.
Always,
Elaine Townsend Dickerson
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
&S@&S
THE LIMIT ON CREDIT

Even the casual shopper is aware that
credit is easier now than at any time in re-
cent memory. In many cases department
stores have heightened terms to three or
even six months without interest. Some of
the country's largest banks are soliciting GUS
toners for open lines of credit on so-called
charge plan" arrangements. The general
theme is: Buy now, pay later.
Easy credit is one of the mainstays of
our remarkable system for distributing con-
sumner goods. But installment credit, or time
payment plans, must be supported by huge
resources in savings. When these accumula-
tions of capital are stretched too thin, con-
sumner credit may induce dangerous inflat-
ion.
There have been rumblings in recent
months that this point may have been
reached, and suggestions that consumer cred
it controls similar to the old Regulation w be
reinstituted. Congress would have to consent
to such restrictions, and it will look to the
Federal Reserve Board for advice on this
ticklish subject. Heretofore, the Reserve
Board has given no outward indication that
limitations on consumer credit are necessary
But in hearings before the joint economic
committee, some could read signs that this
may be in the offing. -,e -s,
restrictions on consumer credit have
never been popular with the manufacture,
the merchant or the consumer That is under
Standable. But care must be taken lest ire
sistable pressure be placed against the price
structure. 1t is this pressure the Reserve
Board is keeping an eye on. If the pressure
becomes too great, something will have to be
done to ease it.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23

that she cannot export to us, Ger
many will export machinery to
other nations, = especially China
have been to China and can visu-
alize what could happen to us if
these 400,000,000 workers should be
sold tractors to farm with and ma
chimes with which to make tex
tiles, steel, and other materials
needed for exporting goods to COM
pete with US. This is probably also
true as to Russia, which l visit this
week.
The above means that American
labor leaders have great respon-
sibility. They could easily bring
about much unemployment in the
United States from which their
membership, as well as their en-
ployers and all consumers, might
greatly suffer. U. S. labor is now
pricing itself" out of it's market,
and our labor leaders could bring
about national depression of very
serious consequences.
WHAT / LEARN ABOUT
GERMANY
Germany may not yet have given
up its ambition to be the leading
power of Europe The Germans be-
lieve that France and England
have reached their peaks due to
their desire for ease and so-called
security. Italy is constantly being
undermined by Communist influ-
ences. The three Scandinavian
countries I have heretofore COM
mented upon. 1 now forecast that
Germany will be one of the worlds
greatest powers, on a par with the
United States and Russia.
This could easily occur if Ger
many and China should work to-
gether, Germany supplying the
"know-how" and machines while
China supplied the raw materials
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
BABSON APPEALS TO AMERICAN LABOR UNIONS

and cheap but efficient labor The
two combined could crush either
Russia or the U. S. in an economic
war of unparalleled intensity that
could bring our prosperity to a
sudden end, with stock market
and real estate crash. If this hap
pens, the blame will be laid on the
doorsteps of certain selfish labor
leaders.
WHAT ABOUT EAST BERLIN?
Anyone studying the map of Eu-
rope will see that Mr.. X. has some
sense in desiring to solve the pres
ent crazy situation caused by divid-
ing the great city of Berlin between
the Russians and the Allies. With
Berlin in the center of East Ger
many, which was given to Russia,
a person cannot now enter or leave
Berlin except by permission of
Russia or by airplane. AS 1 had
not time to get a visa for East
Germany, l was obliged to go from
Copenhagen westward to Hamburg
Zone of West Germany's largest
cities) and fly from there into Ber-
lin.
What the solution will be no one
knows, but the people of Berlin
believe it will be settled in some
satisfactory manner without any
ultimatums or resort to war. World
War III may come sometime, but
not so long as Mr. X is premier.
He knows that if World War III
were started now, not only would
the U. S., Great Britain, Germany,
and all the allies be against him,
but also China, which he fears
most of all.
To summarize this column, let
me say that I worry more at this
point about our United States labor
leaders than l do about Mr.. K
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
Looking at & y
WASHINGTON E@9Rsfl

pearance before the Senate Appro
priations Committee.
Glennan said that such cut
would have "crippling'' and "dis.
astrous" consequences in the space
race between the United States and
the Soviet Union. And despite the
fact that the House cut was modi-
fed, space administration officials
say that the reduction in funds
did and will slow down our space
program.
No doubt when the Democrats
begin to criticize President Eisen-
hover and the Republican Admin
istration, on our lag in the space
race, the reply will be that the
Democratic Congress reduced the
funds requested in 1959-and this
will be true-although it does not
explain everything.
MORE ON QUIZ SHOW FARCE
We remember when the quiz
shows on teIevision were the rage,
and when practically every house
wife was glued to the televisiOn
set on a certain night, marveling
at the wonderful answers the con-
testants were splitting out.
Now comes further damaging
testimony from two New York quiz
show contestants, who have sworn
before Congressional investigators
that they had to rig a nationally
televised program.
H. So hn
concerning these once-popular pro-
grams, and it will probably not be
the last. The point is that the peo-
pie have been taken" by manipu-
lators who invaded the great tele-
vision industry.
1t is a blow to all television for
programs which were accepted as
honest, and which were so popular,
such as the quiz programs, to be
revealed as having been rigged. 1t
raises a strong question concern
ing supervision of television, its
programming and its reporting of
the news.
The influence of the networks in
this country is tremendous. Were
one or more of them to be some
how successfully infiltrated with
un-American elements, or highly
partisan elements, the country
could be done irreparable harm.
These revelations about the quiz
shows stress to network officials
that the responsibility for honest
presentations by the networks is
a grave responsibility. inevitably
mixed with the question of the eff
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
ACHESON'S LATEST

Former Secretary of State Dear
Acheson has been speaking out or
U. S. foreign policy. AS one NIGH
expect, his comments have beer
critical.
The latest advice from Senator
Acheson, and he is admittedly ar
able lawyer, and was, generally
speaking, a better Secretary OF
State than some of his emotional
critics claimed, is that we maintain
our rights in Berlin and refuse tC
negotiate with anyone about them
Acheson naturally stirred storm
of protest with this suggestion. He
says the United States should not
abandon its position in Berlin even
to the slightest degree, and that
this country should not even dis
cuss such a possibility with the
Russians.
Unfortunately, Acheson made
his remarks in Germany. The Ger
mans are already nervous over the
Berlin situation, and fearful lest
the United States make some con-
cession which compromises Wes-
tern rights in Berlin. Therefore,
Acheson's remarks spurred a wave
of uneasiness through Germany,
and created problems for the State
Department in Washington.
On that count, we think Acheson
may be guilty of poor conduct. On
the other hand, there is much to
his contention that we should not
discuss our rights" in Berlin, and
should not be willing to compro-
mise our position in that city to
any degree whatsoever.
ECONOMY AND SPACE
In the light, of recent Soviet sue
cess-in the race to conquer outer
space and photograph the moon
a cut made by Congress in the re-
cently-concluded session becomes
extremely interesting.
While some people do not remem-
Der, or never knew, the House APP
propriations Committee reduced
the money for the National Aero
nautics and Space Administration
by millions of dollars. The budget
request had been $3.50, 100000.
When the issue reached the Sen
ate, the Senate modified the House
cut reducing the cut from S60,00O,-
600 to $30.0O0,0O0
1t is interesting to look back
upon the words of DR.. T. Keith
Glennan, head of the space admin
istration. when he was protesting
the House cut last July in an ap-
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23

Mrs. Charles Rapp and Mrs.
Frank O'Neal, JE. have helped to
assemble the following committee
to carry out the program. They
are: Transportation Mrs. Charles
Peck, Jr. and Mrs. Harold Nc
Donald; Refreshments: Mrs. Fran
els Winkler and Mrs. Harry Adj
kins; Drivers: Mrs. Guy Wine
brenner and Mrs. Arnold Gilstad;
Cartoons: Mrs. Francis Winkler
and Robert Winkler; Registrations:
Miss Oda Baker, Mrs. Frank o.
Neal, Jr., Mrs. James Carroll and
Mrs. Robert Shuttle; Tags: Mrs.
Marvin Richardson, Mrs. Fulton
Downing and Mrs. Elwood Cru
well; Publicity: Mrs. Charles Rapp
and Mrs. William Minner; Cash
iers: Mrs. Millard Cooper and Mrs.
Earl Sylvester; Cleanup: Mrs.
Melvin Wyatt, Mrs. Elbert Hack
EFT and Mrs. Lyle Mckenzie;
Grouping: Mrs. Norman Hopkins.
Following the collecting the
children will return to the club
house to be. treated with refresh
ments and cartoon movies. Harold
r. Welch, Jr. will serve as master
of ceremonies.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
PRESIDENT EISENHOWER
AND. THE STEEL STRIKE

President Dwight D. Eisenhower
after his vacation in the West
found himself almost forced to in.
woke the Taft-Hartley law to pre-
vent serious dislocation in the ma
tional economy and possibly a re-
sulting recession.
The steel strike had idled 100000
persons in the basic industry and
another several hundred thousand
indirectly-in other industries-by
the time President Eisenhower S
time limit expired. The time he
had suggested to both management
and labor as the date they should
reach an agreement, lest he be
forced to act.
Most editors have felt that the
majority of Americans favor the
use of the Taft-Hartley labor law,
in this case. While management
made an offer to the unions, which
would have increased the workers
ions wanted, and it also called for
certain efficiencies to be effected in
the unions, which the leaders of the
unions are fighting.
One thing to be kept in mind is
that the invocation of the Taft
Hartley law, by the President, does
not insure a settlement of the
strike. 1t only calls for an inquiry
into conditions and a recommend
ed settlement, but neither union
or management is required to abide
by the settlement recommended.
Therefore, after eighty days (as-
Stunning that the courts do not
postpone the back-to-work move
ment) the United Steelworkers'
Union could call another strike. Ap-
parently, this will be done if more
concessions are not made to the
union leaders.
1t is too early to make final
comment on the situation, although
it should be apparent to everyone
that sacrifices in the interest of the
national economy, national secur-
ity, and the free-enterprise system,
are in order. If no reasonable set
tlement can be agreed upon by the
two factions, the President may
eventually be forced to consider
even more drastic action than the
invocation of the Taft-Hartley law
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23

BERLIN, Germany, October 23-
Although I am writing this in Ber-
lin, one should not judge Germany
by Berlin since it is an independ-
ent and separate community of it's
own. Not only is it divided be-
tween different nations, but it is
entirely surrounded by Russian
controlled territory. 1t is a free
economic island floating in sea"
of CommuniSm-nothing like it
anywhere else in the world Now
for an answer to the question fire.
quently asked me: Is the United
States facing serious unemploy-
ment? :
EVERY COUNTRY HAS LABOR
.t UNIONS IT,.
Even Germany has its labor .un-
ions, but practically no strikes.
The union leaders and employers
unite to make better goods to sell
at lower prices. Hence, they are
more Industrious and more pro-
ductive, due to longer hours and
lower cost of living. There is
very little installment buying in
Germany.
American labor will try to keep
German products out of our coun-
try by getting Congress to raise
our tariffs. This would not only
increase the cost of living in the
United States, but might cause
Germany to gang up" with Rus
sia, Japan, and China in an eco
nomic war. Germany may have an
other Hitler" who could be an
economic Hitler, just as power
full and ruthless as Adolf was in a
military way.
BETTER WATCH CHINA
Germany is now making ma
chinery and other products to ex-
port to us in the United States. If,
however, we raise our tariffs so
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
Harrington To
Participate In
UNICEF Program

Harrington will be one of 1900
communities that will again partici-
pate in the UNICEF Halloween
Trick or Treat for all the worlds
children. On Friday evening, Octo-
Der Both, children will gather at
the Harrington New Century Club
building at $50 to begin their
happy task of ringing doorbells.
Funds collected will be sent to
children in 95 needy countries to
be converted into health-giving
milk, vitamins, medicines and vac
cines.
The program is sponsored by AS
bury and Trinity Methodist Church
es with all churches in the COM
munity asked to participate in the
worthwhile cause. UNICEF, the
United Nations Children's Fund is
the largest international organiza-
tion concerned exclusively with
children. The people of Harring-
ton are asked to contribute gener-
ously.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
1906 McAlister
Topeka, Kansas
October 10. 1859

OClODCI La 40OO
Dear Friends:
America is greatly stepped in
tradition and this | accept and
want, but it was difficult for me
yesterday as | prepared our
Thanksgiving dinner. Yesterday
was our Thanksgiving Day and this
was fine with our neighbors and
friends, but l had trouble. with the
grocery stores about it.
You see Hayes will be away this
year for YOUR Thanksgiving and
Christmas. Our family loves "spe-
cial'' days and we enjoy them to the
hilt. We also love the festive meals
that are part of these holidays and
so not to have Hayes miss them
completely we decided to have one
dinner yesterday and another in
November after the SAC competi-
tion and before his departure date
for overseas.
The A. and P. store in town CO.
operated beautifully with a special
on turkeys You know mine must
be a 13-fb one since that is the
recipe l have-it must not deviate
pound one way or the other. /
shopped early and found one my
size. Cranberry sauce, potatoes,
stuff1ng, vegetable-al were
easy to assemble, but it was the
r h ksgiving atmosphere /
couldn't locate. / wanted to fix a
bowl of nuts in the shell, we US
ually have ice cream in turkey and
pumpkin molds and we were just
one month ahead of tradition. Oh!
well, the turkey was good and
the table with my Spode and silver
looked resplendent. The girl next
door (whose husband is away and
will soon return to the States)
brought over a lovely bouquet of
gold marigolds, moved her, should
ers up and down and said. Happy
Thanksgiving. Lynne made us all
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23

fectiveness and strength of oul
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
PRICE YARSTICK

tt doesn't make sense to think of cOmmod-
ity prices solely in dollars and-cents terms.
The most accurate yardstick is to relate
prices to income and purchasing power-in
other words, to find out how much of the
family budget is needed to buy some article
or other today, as compared with past per-
iods.
When that yardstick is applied, surprises
may result. Take, for instance, something
that practically every family in the country
consumes every day-meat. There have been
all manner of complaints about meat prices.
And it's true that these prices, dollars-and-
cents-wise, are higher than they used to be,
as are the prices of just about everything
else. Yet the homemaker now spends small
er share of her family's total disposable in
come on the table than she did when her bill
was higher!
That fact emerges from table compiled
from Department of Agriculture figures by
the American Meat Institute This table lists
per capita meat consumption between 1921
and 1858 along with meats retail value as
percentage of total disposable income per per-
son. In 1858, per capita consumption was
1921 pounds and the retail meat bill repre-
sented per cent of that income. In 1948, by
contrast, this "same" person paid 6.1 per
cent of his total disposable income for meat,
but received only 1855 pounds.
The point is that meat, and many other
goods and services too are much better buys
than we realize.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23
DEPRECIATION ON THE FARM

: Economists have long said that the tax
laws prevent business and industry from lay
ing aside adequate sums to cover depreciation
of plant and equipment. Thus, the laws stand
in the way of chronological progress that
would result in more and better jobs, and in
more efficient and economical production of
goods and services for all the people.
Agriculture, farm experts now point out,
is in comparable position.
For instance, the Internal Revenue Ser
vice rule is that good and average farm build
ings should be deprecated for tax purposes
at per cent per year and cheap buildings at
21R per cent. Thus it takes two or more gen.
erations to write off farm structures which
are not monuments but are, instead, tools of
farm production In today's rapidly changing
agriculture these tools usually become obSo-
lete before they are completely worn out, and
it is no longer realistic to say that a farm
building has a useful life of 40 or so years.
1t is estimated that the value of farm
structures, other than dwellings,, on farms
with gross incomes of $4,000 or more is SIC
billion. At 212 per cent rate, annual depre-
alton comes to $400 million. In this day and
age, that is far too low figure, and it tends
to place the farmer in stait jacket, in which
he loses the flexibility needed for an efficient
operation.
If the reasonable rate of 10 per cent were
allowed, farmers would be able to set aside
S1.6 billion for reinvestment in the farm busi-
ness. The result would be increased efficien-
cy, and lower cost food and fiber for the Am
erican people. And in the long run, the gov
ernment would gain added tax revenues, be-
cause of improvement in farm income.
Here is a proposed tax reform from which
all would gain-the farmer, the government,
and the consumers of the nation.
Milford chronicle., 1959-10-23

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