davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice., 1959-10-30
Benson Changes
hParfy Line''

For about six years. one of the
wonders of the world has been the
U. ). Secretary of Ag griculture,
Ezra Taft Benson, going all over
the country tearing down the farm
program. He rarely has missed an
occasion to tell how awful the pro-
gram is-costly, wastefuI. con-
trolled, obsolete and immoral.
Fresh back from his Russian trim.
however, Benson switched his tune
like the communist party changes
lines. His first major speech, Oc-
tober Is at the Mechanical Corn
Picking Contest, includes these
sentences: S.a2suaro
Il can think of no field of eco
nomic activity in which the United
States is SO clearly, so unmistak-
ably, the world leader" III
II am all the more convinced of
the superiority of our agricultural
system of privately-owned farms.
the profit motive, competitive mar
kets, and freedom for the farmer
to decide what he wants to grow
and market"
QUESTION: When will the partv
line change again?
The people's voice., 1959-10-30
Education Is Big Business

Expenditure for education at the
public elementary and secondary
levels in the United States has risen
from about $215 million in 1900 to
more than $14 billion in 1859, re-
ports MEAS Research Division. IF
the cost of higher education and of
the nations various private educa-
tional institutions is included, the
total expenditure scars to we'll over
$40 billion.
Education is now an enterprise
in which more than one-fourth of
the population is directly involved,
and by which the remaining three
fourths is crucially affected
NEA JOURNAL.
The people's voice., 1959-10-30
Painted SideIines, A Big Help

Some time editorially commented what fine
piece of highway the Interstate section
and Ulm is At the tme expressed the opinion that
because at that time without marking
situted potential death trap for the nighttime driver
This weekend had occasion of high
again Now, not only is the centerne welmarked but
there solid white side lines dividing the from
the outside parking lanes. Driving late at night white
paint side lines proved most helpful in facing oncoming
Welmarked cenerlines plus painted edgeof paving side
lines can be valuable assist in reducing the soaring
of traffic accidents occurring during the night is to
be hoped that general of marking all highways
the the CascadeUm stretch will become i'm
portant policy OF the Highway Department in the
future.
The people's voice., 1959-10-30

he called for other testimony from
housewives and others in the crowd
who had not come prepared with the
ten copies for the record. So
Pastore is on a jaunt through the
West to see if his bill will help solve
the problems of the Rocky Mountain
area which is not getting the most
from TV.
In Montana one in ten Of the TV
sets are on the cable. Control of the
cable has been in the legislature,
FEC hearings and the courts. Pastore
hopes his proposed law will iron out
all of these "south of Butte" inter-
ferences. The cable is a new thing
in political problems. 1t does not
generate signals but receives for a
charge those emanating from Spo-
kane. One provision of the new law
would require the cable to carry local
signals. This infuriates the cablemen
because the local signallers have been
some stuff on the TV which
they construe puts them in a poor
light.
The crowd which apparently was
mostly on the cable cheered and
clapped after cable men spoke.
Helena was recently cut off from the
Spokane signals by a court order
from San Francisco. The Senator had
to tell Mike Thomas, Helena attorney
spectator, that this was his show when
Thomas interjected his remarks into
Pastore's cross examination of Law
yer A. w. Scribner who was pro-
tessionally for the cable.
I liked the guy with side burns
hat came forward with the story
which told of his spending 23 cents
% make an antenna. This was fol-
owed by D. N. Latus, electronics
saying that the trouble
'etween the Livingston Police and the
FV could be solved if one or the
'ther would spend SIS for some.
.adget on their equipment.
Pastore repeatedly spoke his gospel
which he said would solve many of
ur problems, "Sit down and talk
over".-F.S.
The people's voice., 1959-10-30

The really Give" TV hearing by
Senator John o. Pastore, the Demo-
crat from little Rhode Island, was an
awfully good show playing to an
overflow crowd at the federal court
room in Helena Tuesday.
Everyone had good time and the
mustachioed Senator displayed the
charm of reasoned good sense and
his captivating humor. He wasn't
taken in by the professional" testi-
fiers but he certainly took me in when
The people's voice., 1959-10-30
Coop Serves Members
AS Discount Agency

MINNEAPOLIS = (CNS) = Peo-
pie who join Metropolitan Consumers
Cooperative here can get furniture
ana automobiles cheaper by buying
Inrough the coop. Coop officials
nave signed discount agreements with
various private dealers in the Twin
Cltles and are seeking others. they
reported at the co-op's annual meet
ing.
The people's voice., 1959-10-30


When that nutino
money hto German munon works. meditation
here we
allow inspection
an armed Germany that Russia
m gong TO lie down and watch the world
is gong TO be the whil
orVe RUSSIA further from inspection than ever?
The people's voice., 1959-10-30
Editorial
Much Good Can Come From Williams
Hearing
Editorial
Hearing

Incomplete coverage daily press
plain distorted reporting and headlines in the Helena INDE-
PENDENT undoubtedly given Montanans
view of the testimony which has been presented at the Mon
Legislative Council hearing into the dismissal of Horace
B Williams by the State Highway Commission.
is not my intent to dwell at length that testimony
Gretchen has heen in attendance every hour of the hearing
which, this written in it's fourth day Her report in
this issue will fill you in on the details will give you COM
prehensve and certainly enghtening report on the
ceedngs than has daily under
Associated Press credit line Ut should be pointed out that
limited Press was in constant attendance and did file compre
the hearngstories which, with exception
of Lewstown DAILY NEWS made the waste basket instead
of Page of the daily press)
This hearing other than developing strong indication
that Horace Williams denoted and then discharged be-
of his appearance under subpoena before legislative
committee last winter rather than because of his health and
false and erroneous releases have long term
benefits far state governmental operation concerned
AS it, the legislators comprising the council, other
members of the Legislature present. and citizens generally
who have been in attendance have gained insight into
the operation of this major department of state government
Testimony elected top Highway officials indi
Gates that this time the department has not been so
organized to satisfactorily cope with the greatly expanded
highway program brought about by Congressional Act 1856
Responsibility in instances is hard to place There
costly Implications there are gaps Staff organization appears
cumbersome.
Neither top Highway officials their subordnaes, can
be held completely accountable for the even to Sunday
under examination. They had "crash program
loaded them by the Congress- Crash always
suit in spralng costs Where the department administration
at fault lies in the of three time without develop
ing reasonably efficient staff organization
Thirdly the prosmscous firing of longtime dedicated
ployes hearsay evidence nnuendo and personality differ
has been dealt blow-whether in the Highway
Department other departments of state government
Fourth this weeks hearing has probably proved "eye
opener to Chairman Harry l.. Burns and other
members and for POLITICAL if other there ke
hood fwoodshed aimed at making the depart
ment get far mileage out of each and highway dol
lar whether spent administration engineering ghofway
or whatever, will be held
The hearing by Legislative Council Chairman Bob Durkee
and - fellow council members at all times conducted in
dgfed and for the sole of searching out
the facts Montana governmental affairs will be the long
gamer from this inquiry into the affairs of that depart
ment which, in Capital City circles is commonly referred to
as tThe CITADEL .-HLB ~
its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Combat Atlas
Launching Set

CAPE CANAvERAL. Fla,
Sept. 7 (AP).-The first launch
ing Of a combat-ready Atlas
missile is set for Wednesday at
Vandenberg Air Force Base,
Calf. informed sources here
report.
II the shot is successful, the
United States will have its
first operational ballistic mis-
sile capable Of carrying a nu-
clear warhead at interconti-
mental distance. The Atlas has
a range of $500 miles.
Russia boasts it already has
an operational ICBM. Defense
Secretary McElroy recently
said, however. that he doubts
the Soviets have 10 missiles
they could fire at this country
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07

of Harvard University, would
be to condition" the pigeons
to recognize the moon wher
they saw it. From there on
the birds and a simple ar
rangement of servomechanisms
would steer the space craft
unerringly to its destination
he said.
DR.. Skinner explained that
the basic theory behind such a
cheap, bird-brained guidance
system was tested and found
feasible 16 years ago, during
World War II. under a Navy
study contract looking to the
development of a pilotless glide
bomber tentatively named "Pel-
lean" While the Pelican was
never built, a pigeon-guidance
system was constructed. DR.
Skinner said.
He told about the "crackpot
idea ID. born on the wrong side
of the tracks," in a paper en-
titled pigeons in a Pelican"
delivered at the American Psy-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Bird Brain Guidance
Offered, for Missiles

Geological Association meeting
here. Later, in an interview
the Harvard psychology profess
sor said it would be relatively
easy to build low-cost. high
reliability pigeon system that
could be installed in the nose
of a moon rocket.
Actually, DR.. Skinner said
a single one-pound pigeon cost
ing a little less than a dollar
would probably be enough, but
three pigeons worth about $l.50
each would provide enoug h
redundancy in the system SO
that it would be certain to
work.
Essentially. a pigeon-guid-
ance system would consist of a
space chamber with an ade-
quate supply of oxygen. an opti-
cal system and the bird OF
birds. BY special training. the
pigeons would learn to recog-
nize the moon, or even a parti-
cular crater on the moon, and
to peck at the image presented
on screen.
The spaceship control system
would be designed to keep the
image before the pigeon CEN
tered on the screen. For its
part. the bird would peck at
the desired image no matter
where on the screen it ap-
peared. If the image was, for
instance, low and to the left,
the pecking off-center would
cause simple servomechanisms
to apply necessary course-cor-
recting power.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07

fact-finding mission, the spon-
sors could get an emergency
session of the General Assem-
ply within "a hours by a vote
of any seven of the II coun-
tries on the Council.
Reds Have Own Plan
But the Russians did not in
dictate whether they intended
such veto.
Some diplomats said they
had word the Russians had
drafted a resolution of their
own favoring revival Of
the dormant Canadian Indian
Polish international control
commission for Laos, a prod
uct of the 1854 Geneva-Con-
florence agreements for peace
and independence in French
Indo-China. Laos opposes this
plan. Sn does the United
States and Britain.
The Council was to hear a
report from Secretary General
Dag Hammarskjold on a letter
See U. n, Page Al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
SINGER Fabian to Work
On Diploma in Absentio

PHILADELPHIA. Sept. 7
(AP).-It's back to school this
week and one Of the most con-
spicuous pupils will be rock n
roll singer Fabian.
Fabian will be working for a
diploma from South Philadel-
phia High School. But he'll be
doing it in absentia.
The l6-year-old singer is un-
able to attend regular classes
because of various personal ap-
pearances, recording sessions
and movies which are expected
to net him $250,000 this year.
But he has a desire to finish
high school and possibly go on
to college, as did Pat Boone.
Fabian. who is now in Holly
wood filming Hound Dog
Man." is expected back in his
hometown this week to clear
tutoring arrangements with the
Board of Education. School Of
flcials must approve the tutors
qualifications. the projected
hours of tutoring and the in
Struction program. He would be
a junior this year.
Fabian will pay the tutor at
the rate of $40 an hour.
Joseph J. Rossi, principal Of
South Philadelphia High, ex-
planned that since Fabian is 16
and regularly employed he
could ask to be dropped from
the schools rolls.
But he doesn't want that"
Mr.. Rossi said. Both Fabian
and his parents are very anx-
ious that he obtain a diploma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Road Deaths
Over Nation
Rise to 328
By the Associated Press

Ideal weather and the last
extended holiday week end Of
the summer combined to pro.
duce a mounting death toll or
the Nations highways over the
Labor Day week end.
The National Safety Council
sounded this warning:
There is only one way to
hold down the toll and that is
by drivers doing their part
The toll continues to mount
alarmingly. Unless there Is a
definite improvement in the
drivers behavior, the toll could
approach the all-time high"
The count was moving at a
rate Of more than five dead
from traffic accidents an hour.
The latest compilation placed
the number killed in traffic at
1923. There were IS boating
deaths, IS non-boating drown
ings. and SO deaths from mis-
cellaneous causes.
The Safety Council estimated
that this years holiday-from
IS pm. Friday to midnight to-
night. local time-would take
a traffic toll of $50. During
last years three day holiday,
420 persons were killed on the
highways.
The record death toll for the
Labor Day holiday is 46l and
658 from accidents of all
causes, both set in 1851.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Japan TO Rule
0nU.S. Bases
High Court Hears
Attack on LeouIity

TOKYO, Sept. Z (AP).-
Some Of Japan's top defense
attorneys charged today that
the presence of American
troops and bases in this coun-
try was unconstitutional be-
cause Japan had forever re-
nounced war.
The charge was made before
the l5-member Supreme Court
in the first Of six scheduled
hearings on whose outcome
hinges Americas defense setup
In Asia.
Specifically, the court is
hearing a government appeal
on a lower court ruling last
March 80 that startled United
States officials.
A Tokyo district court ac-
quilted seven students who
broke into a United States Air
Force base west of Tokyo in
1857 during a demonstration
against its expansion. The court
ruled the very presence Of
United States military forces
violated Japan's mo war" con-
stitution.
The defense, headed by
Shinkichi Unno. asked the
judges to uphold the lower
court ruling.
The defense said the presence
of United States troops and
bases as we'll as the existence
of Japan's own defense force
rus contrary to the letter and
spirit of the United States
sponsored postwar constitution
Its Article 9 states:
g. the Japanese people
forever renounce war as a
sovereign right of the nation
and the threat or use of force
as a means of settling inter.
national disputes"
In order to accomplish this,
Article 9 continues, land, sea
and air forces, as we'll as other
war potential will never be
maintained. The right of belli-
gerency of the state will not
be recognized"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
1000 Attend
Labor Mass
Father Geurty Sees
Need for Unity

American labor's most chal-
longing task is the promotion
of healthy cooperation be-
tween workers and manage
ment. a Labor Day speaker
pointed out today.
The Rev. Patrick W. Gearty
professor Of economics at
Catholic University, preached
at the seventh annual Labor
Day mass at the Shrine Of the
Sacred Heart-the most solemn
event of the holiday.
For most workers. it was the
final day of a thfee-day week
END. ideal for trips and basking
on beaches. There was a smat-
tering of parades and oratory,
but mostly 1t was a day for
outdoor relaxation.
The Weather Bureau offered
no encouragement about the
protracted heat wave. The five
day forecast called for tenn
peratures 5 to 7 degrees above
the normal high and low of
30 and 81 degrees.
More than 1000 persons, in
GLIDING Government, labor and
management officials, attended
the mass celebrated by the
Most Rev. Patrick A. O'Boyle,
Archbishop Of Washington.
Stressing the need for a
stable economy with a mini
mum of imitation and unem-
ployment, Father Gearty urged
a lessening of class conflict
and promotion Of research and
experimentation in methods of
cooperation.
The speaker brought up the
question, concerning public pol
See HOLIDAY, Page Az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Rhino Hits BuIIdozer,
But Loses Encounter

SALISBURY. Southern Rho
desia, Sept. 7 (AP).-A two
ton rhino matched it's weight
against a Bottom bulldozer at
Kariba. The rhino lost.
James Weldon, pilot for a
civil engineering firm. said the
rhino charged headon and
lifted the bulldozer in the air.
The impact sent the beast
Keeling, however, and it died
almost instantly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07

from South Philadelphia High
And he has expressed an in
terest in going to college"
Until he was discovered about
two years ago, Fabian had
proved himself a good student
~He was doing very we'll,
Mr.. Rossi said, before he
started missing school because
of television and other appear
ances."
Fabian's real name is Fabian
Forte and he is the son Of a city
policeman. He never studied
music in high school.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Indonesio Draft Set

JAKARTA, Sept. 7.-Indo-
neSia has introduced compulsory
military training in an effort
to bring younger men into its
army. THE soldier in service
today" said an Army spokeS-
man, sis becoming too old and
replacement with younger men
is urgent to maintain the best
fighting standards"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Long Runway Opened
FRANKFURT Sent. 7 ZAP

FRANKFURT, Sept. 7 (AP)
"A new 12,795-foot runway
the longest in Western Europe
has been opened at Frank
furt's Rhine-Main Airport. The
runway will make possible nom
stop jet flights from Frankfurt
to New York and other points.
Frankfurt is West Germany'S
biggest air center.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
Morse Blocks
Resolution
Prdising Labor
Johnson's Request
To Limit Speeches
NettIes Oregoniun
BY ROBERT X. WALSH
Star stan Writer

Senate action on a Labor
Day resolution praising Amer
lean working men and women
was blocked today when Sena-
tor Morse, Democrat of Oregon,
objected to Senate Democratic
Leader Johnson's request for a
time limit on speeches.
The Oregon Senator who had
served notice he might speak
for several hours today on the
history and significance of La
Dor Day thus found himself
temporarily stymied, although
not speeches..
In the first Labor Day ses-
sion Of Congress in II years
the Senate hoped to complete
work on the farm surplus dis
posal food for peace" bill.
Chance on Interest Bill
Senator johnson said there
also might be a chance that the
Senate could pass the House.
approved bill authorizing the
President to remove the inter-
est rate ceiling on Government
savings bonds. Any attempts
to amend the bill might result
in no legislation, he warned.
He added that he would ask the
Senate to remain in session un.
til midnight, if necessary, as it
did Saturday night.
Whether this could be done
still depended to a large ex-
tent on Senator Morse. His
parliamentary tactics and pro-
longed oratory tied up the
Senate for many hours Satur-
day. When the Senate con-
vened at 8 am. today he OBJ
viouSly was armed with ample
ammunition for a long speech.
Senator johnson managed to
introduce the Labor Day reso-
luton but only after a series of
objections and parliamentary
inquiries by Senator Morse.
Technically the resolution was
still on the Vice Presidents
desk and had not been called UP
early this afternoon.
Needs Unanimous Consent
Under Senate rules this reso-
luton would require unanimous
consent for action in a single
day. Senator johnson did not
indicate whether he would
call it up for Senate debate
later today. probably in the face
of another objection by Sena-
tor Morse. unless the resolution
could be debated without time
limit.
The resolution states that
the Senate does hereby ex-
press its deep realization and
See CONGRESS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
10 Killed as Storm
Hits Adriutic Port

ANCONA. Italy, Sept. 7 (AP).
The count Of dead rose to 10
today from a violent storm that
struck this Adriatic port.
The cloudburst, which hit
Saturday night. was the last
kick of a storm that moved up
the Italian boot after striking
the Island of Capri. off Naples.
Flash floods knocked down
houses in Ancona and over
turned cars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
New TaIksSet
On Disarnliinq
l0-Notion PorIey
Due in Geneva
BY the Associated Press

The Big Four have agreed to
resume disarmament talks in a
donation conference in Geneva
early next year, they announced
today.
Participants will be the
United States, Great Britain,
France. Italy and Canada for
the West, the USSR, Bulgaria,
Poland, Czechoslovakia and
Romania on the Communist
side, the announcement said.
A simultaneous communique
in Paris. London. Washington
and Moscow said the group
will work in close liaison with
the United Nations, which, the
communique noted, is still re-
sponsible for general meas
ures on disarmament"
THE creation of the COM
mittee." the communique said.
docs not diminish. in any
way, nor does it encroach on
the responsibilities of the
United Nations in this field"
Basis for Pact Sought
The creation of the 10
nation group, the communique
added, takes into conSidera-
ton the special responsibilities
of the big powers to define a
basis for an agreement" on
disarmament.
The communique recalled
that before they left Geneva
last August 5 the foreign min
listers of the United States, the
USSR, Great Britain and
France discussed means to
achieve more efficient progress
on disarmament.
IAN agreement has now been
reached by the governments of
France, the United Kingdom,
the USSR and the United
States on the establishment of
a committee for the examina-
ton of the disarmament ques-
tions," the communique said.
The communique said its COM
mittee will begin work in &C.
neva early IN 1860"
1t added that the United Ma
lions Assembly, the Security
Council and the disarmament
committee of the United Ma
tons would be kept properly
informed of progress and said
the Big Four had asked U. N.
Secretary General Dag Ham,
marskjold to convoke the U. N.
Disarmament Committee IF
possible this month so that it's
members be fully informed to
the nature and the aims of the
committee"
Called Useful Instrument
The communique said that
the Big Four powers see the
new committee as "a useful in
strument to explore, through
mutual consultations. the ways
which can lead to agreements
and recommendations on the
limitation and reduction of all
types of ornaments and armed
forces under an efficient inter-
national control"
The communique stressed
that ultimate decisions on the
problems of disarmament-"a
See ARMS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-07
TINY GAMBIA
IN QUANDARY

THE TWO RIVER BANKS and
few peanut fields thot form the
British Africon possession Of
Gombio just cont be expected to
turn into on independent notion
ond still get along, Smith Hemp
stone. contributing writer for The
Stor, points out on Pooe CO.
ARABIC PASTRIES will be served
OF O speeioI luncheon for Syrion
clergy Saturday. Stor food editor
Violet FouIkner. who presents two
recipes on Poee c-5, soys.