davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
Schools US.
Starting Early
0nLanguages

NEW YORK. Sept. 26
(NANA).-Most Of the Nations
major public school systems
have introduced the teaching
of foreign languages in their
elementary grades. Usually
this is optional. although oc-
casionally 1t is required Of the
talented or gifted children.
A study Of typical school
programs. conducted by the
North American Newspaper
Alliance, shows that the langu-
ages are introduced as early
as the first grade. although
most Of the schools wait until
the second or third grades.
Following are some typical
language programs launched
by the school systems of Sc
lected areas:
Washington, D. c.: French
and Spanish classes have
started thissfall for 1900 third
graders on an optional basis.
Eventually the languages will
be offered through the sixth
grade.
Nearby Counties Plans
Fairfax County: twenty-five
schools will offer instruction In
French. German and Spanish
to students in grades three
through seven. The program,
in its third year. last year in
cluded 1900 children in 10
schools. A fee is charged stu
dents who elect to participate
In the program.
Prince Georges County: PTA-
sponsored classes In French,
Spanish. Italian, German and
Russian are offered on an
optional basis, after school
hours. to students in gradd
three through six.
Montgomery County: Glasses
in French are offered to 1928
third and fourth graders at
Parkwood and Larchmont Ele-
mentary Schools. The pro-
gram began last March. PTA-
sponsored classes in French.
German, Spanish and Russian
are given students in grades
three through six after school
hours.
Boston: French Is offered in
fifth and sixth grades and is
compulsory for gifted" classes.
The Boston school system re-
pots that, fortunately. enough
teachers have been found to
instruct the students.
Around the Nation
San Francisco: Spanish Is
offered to students In the
fourth. fifth and sixth grades
on an optional basis. There is
no serious teacher shortage.
Norfolk: Spanish Is offered in
the fourth. fifth and sixth
grades via television and radio.
The course is optional in the
fourth grade but compulsory in
the fifth and sixth grades.
Radio-Tv instruction Is used in
conjunction with experienced
teachers.
Louisville: French and Span
ish are offered on an optional
basis. The city school system
finds 1t would be difficult to
get enough teachers to launch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
SPOTLIGHT ON EDUCATION
Youngsters Find Language
Is Spice in School Diet

so important today. This may
well be q breakthrough In q
vital academic field.
But DR.. Derthick and his
associates stress that many
dangers lie ahead. II O school
introduces French, for example,
on the second grade level, then
drops 1t when the children
reach the third grade. there has
been a lot Of wasted motion.
Long-range planning is essen
tial.
Sound instruction in a mod
ern foreign language in the
elementary grades, as elsewhere.
must presuppose that objec-
tives are clearly defined in terms
of the overall aims and pur-
poses for educating children
Lages 6 to H." the Commissioner
comments.
The big bottleneck In the ele-
mentary language program Is
the shortage Of teachers. Can
we get enough elementary
teachers who have the skills,
the techniques and the abilities
Ito make German, French or
Spanish exciting and challeng-
ling to 6-year-olds? Not at this
time. But they can be trained
and developed.
When Mrs. Evelyn Solomon,
second-grade teacher at the
Wilson elementary school Of
Rockville Centre. N. Y, taught
Iher "a youngsters German last
lyear, many parents raised their
Eyebrows.
German? At that age2 I'M
lpossiblel
But they changed their tune
when they heard their children
say "Guten Morgen," Gluten
Nacht." or Isle singst sehr
schonI" BY the end Of the
second grade. the 7-year-olds
had picked up 200 basic Ger
man words.
Program Succeeds
The parents wanted this pro-
gram to continue. The super
intendent, Herbert johnson,
agreed. Mrs. Solomon con-
tinued with her same class:
when school opened several
weeks ago. she was promoted"
to the third grade with her
pupils.A They will now have
another year Of German.
II expect them to have 500
words by the end Of the year."
Mrs. Solomon. an inspiring
master teacher, said.
And the youngsters? I'VE
love German" they chorused.
tits so much fun"
"It's just like a game" one
bright-eyed girl, 8-year-old
Janet. said. THE words sound
like music"
Everywhere children enjoy
the thrill Of learning q new
language quite unlike the
means and groans with which
high school students often ap-
proach this subject. A first
grade boy in q Miami (Fla.)
school gave this reason for his
enthusiasm:
Sound Reasoning
II want to learn Spanish so
that when I bump into Span
ish people I can talk to them"
And another young gentle
man. in the second grade of
another Miami school, had his
own good reason. Said he: ''I
have a girl friend who lives
next door. She Is Spanish. I
want to learn Spanish so I can
talk to her." A sensible young
mani
Whatever the reasons, the
teaching Of foreign languages
in elementary school should be
encouraged. Our country will
be strengthened II more Of our
citizens understand the culture
and the languages Of other ma
tons. We cannot remain a
world power and provincial at
the same time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
BY BENJAMIN FINE
North American Newspaper AllianC

NEW YORK. Sept 26-Dont be surprised II your seven
yearod child throws foreignsoundng words at you
when he comes for lunch Chances he getting
satering of French Spanish Italian part Of
his school diet. Oddly enough he likes It, too.
teaching foreign languages the Nations eemen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
Teacher Recruitment
Drive to Be Expanded
BY ANDREW w. BINGHAM
star staff Writer

Last years first concerted effort to recruit District teachers
from far of points has probably not been outstanding
cess Thomas Holmes. assistant superintendent for per-
sonnet said yesterday
Although the final tabuation has not yet been made
three for what expects relatively
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

900 pupils are studying foreign
languages in the elementary
grades. Some 500 school sys-
TENS. in every part Of the
United States, have introduced
classes in various languages.
The most popular are Spanish.
French and German. in that
order. twenty-five hundred
different schools. within the
500 cities, have formal. or in
formal, language classes. They
start from the first grade.
sometimes even in kindergarten.
New Films Used
Radio and television also are
used to make language teaching
more exciting and more dra-
Imatic. The Encyclopedias Bri-
ttannica Films has prepared a
complete Spanish language
course for primary grades, called
1.-THE Gloria and David Series"
It contains SIG authenticity
spoken Spanish sentences on
records, as well as IA color-f1
strips. 1t has been tested in
Texas at oil grade levels, from
kindergarten through eighth
grade. and found to be valuable.
Many superintendent believe
that children who take foreign
languages in the elementary
grades will do much better when
they reach high school.
Ten years ago you could count
on the fingers of one hand the
number Of school systems that
permitted the teaching Of for
eign languages. It was a fad.
Critics shook their heads and
said it couldn't be done.
How can you expect q first
grade child to learn French, !"
they asked, when high school
students have so much trouble
with it?" =
Teacher Shortage
The skeptics who then in
sisted that foreign language
wouldn't ."'go" in the elementary
grades now are crying: 1T won't
stop. Too many elementary chill
dren are taking languages.
Where will we get the teachers?
What will we do when the chill
dren reach high school? Can we
afford the expense Of this pro-
Vram?"
Nevertheless those respon-
sible for the expansion Of the
programs are delighted. They
see problems ahead. but they
also recognize the Importance
of foreign languages to a coun-
try that has become q world
power.
Too many Of our high school
and college students graduate
with little or no knowledge of
any language but English-and
sometimes they are not too
good at that, either. For the
past dozen years worried edu-
Gators issued pleas for REFORM
ing the teaching Of foreign
languages. Little was done.
Then came Sputnik. Edu-
Gators redoubled their efforts
to strengthen the curriculum,
particularly in math, the SCI
,ences, and foreign languages.
The National Defense Act Of
1858 allocated a substantial
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

come because they have heard
the District has q good school
system. Mr.. Holmes said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

The euthor. O Pulitzer Prize report
or, is education editor Of the
North American Newspaper Al
licnee and deem Of the Groduote
School Of Education, Yeshivo
University.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

tary schools has mushroomed
In the last two or three years.
A Nationwide survey by the
North American Newspaper Al
lance shows that q record $780,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27

Lee Manahan, Director Of
, 1959-11-07
LEGISLATIVE RECORD Continued

Continued from yesterday
Section 7Oo. Duty-connected death annuity
(a) Upon death 81 ! member before retirement as
the proximate result Of bodily injuries sustained Or q haz-
ard undergone while in the performance and within the
scope Of his duties, if such injuries or hazards were not
the consequence Of the wilful misconduct of the member, :
the surviving widow Of the member shall be entitled TO J
an annuity equal to 40 per cent of the annual compensa- /,
ton of the member at the date Of death Of the member, to .
continue during her widowhOod. This annuity shall beoin-
creased by 10 per cent of the members compensation on ]
account Of each unmarried minor child under age 18, sub I
jeet to- a maximum payment to q widow and children Of
so per cent Of compensation. liz there be no widow or if the !.
widow dies or remarTieS before any child Of such deceased !.
member shall have attained the age Of I8 years, then :
each child under said age shall receive an annuity Of Az !.
per cent of the members compensation, to- continue until /
each child attains age 18, subject to a limitation OF 50 per 3
cent Of compensation To all minor children. II there be no
widow or children under age Is then payment of annuity :
shall be made to the dependent father and dependent
mother Of the member, at the rate Of 25 per cent Of CONF q
pensatiOn to each, for life, provided that if none OF the 6
aforementioned beneiciaries is living at the death Of the 3
member, no duty-connected death annuity shall be paid /
under the provisions hereof. t
% Adopted children shall be eligible for benefits y
hereunder provided the proceedings for adoption shall :
have been initiated at least one year prior to the date Of
death Of the member.
Section no. Non-duui4YY disability annuity !
() Any member under age IS having at least Is !
years Of credited service who becomes totally and per !
manently disabled for service, either mentally or physi- s
Cal1y, IEOm any CAUSE OGIlE1 Gldu dCGAQCI1nA 0400O4AGy3 %
herein defined, shall be entitled to a.non-duty disability
annuity.
ID Such annuity shall begin TO accrue upon termi-
nation Of payments to the employee by the government i
Of amounts representing full compensation part compen- s
sation or any other form Of compensation; provided, that /
if written application. for such annuity is not filed with 6
the Board within sixty days Of the date Of termination Of
such compensation payments, the annuity shall begin to
accrue as Of the day sixty days prior otheireceiptofysuc
application. TX ~. d .4ENnkMI
() A member shall be considered totally and per
manenetly disabled only after the board has received %
ing physicians, selected by the board, that the member
is totally and likely to be. permanently disabled for fur
ther performance Of the duties Of any assigned position in s
from the employer that the member has been separated I
from the service Of the employer because Of q total and {
permanent disability of such natureaast TO reasonably pre- $
, 1959-11-07

n AVID
commencement Of payments under this benefit shall be
deferred until the expiration Of payments to the employee
by the government Of any amounts representing full sal
airy, part salary Or any other form Of compensation.
Section I'll. Administration Of disability annuities
al At least once each year during the first five
years following the allowance of q disability annuity to
any member, and at least once in every t~hree-year period
thereafter, tntIa members attainment of age 80, the
board shall require any disability beneficiary to undergo
"a medical examination to be made at the place Of reSld-
ences of said beneficiary. or any other place mutually
agreed upon, BY physician or physicians engaged by the
board. If an examination indicates that7the beneficiary is
no longer physically or mentally incapacitated for service
In the position heldaby the member atsthed date OF disabll-
ity, payments blythe system shall be discontinued. The
mamie of such member shall then be placed on the appro-
pirate list Of candidates. maintained for appointment 70 q
positions IN the division for which he is found to beaqdali-
fed 1t compensation at least equal to the rate he received
at the time he last became a beneficiary.
(l Should any member receiving a duty disability
annuity or non-duty disability annuity resume q galnful
occupation, and his earnings therefrom together with his
disability annuity exceed the rate Of compensation Of the
member at the date of retirement, the board shall reduce
the amount of disability annuity to an amount which,
when added to the compensation being earned by the
member, shall not exceed the rate of compensation OF the
member at the date he last became a disability beneficiary.
1c) Should any disability beneficiary refuse tossub-
nit to- III medical examination as herein provided, pay
ments BY the system shall be az continued until his with
drawaI of such refusal, and should his refusal continue Tor
one year, all rights Of the member in any disability annuity
shall be revoked by the board.
Section 7l2. Doath Benefit provisions
(al Death while ia service: Upon death of a mem
her while IN service. f no duty-cOnneCted death annuity
, 1959-11-07
The surviving spouse

The surviving sSpOuSe,s
Ill there is no surviving spouse, to the
child OF children 2of the member, and
descendants Of deceased children by re-
presentation, in equal amounts;
If D Il of the above survive, to the
parents Of the member.
, 1959-11-07
Section 10. Deash Benefit provl.a0n.

cal Death while IN service: Upon death of a mem
Der while in service, if no duty-connected death annuity
is payable, a payment Of the accumulated contributions
shall be payable to a beneficiary designated by the mem
Of the member iii the following order Of precedent.
, 1959-11-07

Cd Observation-Disclosures: Upon death Of the last
survivor Of the member, his widow, and children, unless
an optional beneftsha beenseected as provided in section
7O7. Of this title the excess if any, Of the accumulated
contributions Of the member, over the total amount Of
service retirement annuity, and disability annuity pay
ment made BY the system, shall be paid to the designated
beneficiary ofIthe member, orshfs estate.
Section 71S. Refunds d combinations
(a) Upon withdrawal from service, any member who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

from outside exploitation,
meaning In effect a bar against
any further colonialism in the
Far East. Each of these West
ern nations surrendered the
Chinese soil they were occu-
plying at the time Of the WASH
ington agreement. The United
States later voluntarily set the
Philippine Islands free and
Britain gave independence to
India. Pakistan and Burma.
Mr.. Khrushchev demands
that the NATO alliance end
completely its protective occu-
patton Of Western Europe,
while giving not the slightest
suggestion that Russia will re-
linquish domination Of Com
munist satellites such as East
Germany, Poland, Czechoslo-
vakia and Hungary.
Quite definitely the Khru-
shchev plan. II 1t is to succeed,
must first be brought down To
manageable cases, and, second
be vested with a definable mu-
tuality, as between contestants
which 1t so far lacks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

naval limitation. substantially
as proposed by Mr.. Hughes.
persisted with remarkable sue
cess. The limitation meant that
the British and American fleets
would be on q par, while
Japan's would be three-fifths
their size.
The 1921 conference failed to
apply similar limitation to
lesser naval ornaments. due
mainly to the intransigence of
France. The United States in
the later 1920s accentuated
that failure by insisting on
building cruisers Of the abso-
lutte maximum permitted under
the Washington treaty-l0. 900
tons with eight-inch guns. That
suggested the pocket battle
ships" to the Germans, reviv-
ing slowly from World War I.
Their pocket battleships" were
limited to 10000 tons. but en-
braced a lot Of new wrinkles In
accelerated gun power.
Using this German innova-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

In contrast. 1t was the naming
Of ships to be scrapped. suscep-
tible to comparison by anybody
that made the Hughes plan SC
impregnable.
Mr.. Hughes, besides propos-
ing that the United States take
the main burden in arms re-
duction, proposed maintenance
Of the status quo regarding the
occupation and fertilization Of
all islands in the Pacific west
Of Hawaii. That specification
was enormously important to
japan In that 1t mean that the
United States would in no way
increase its defensive or Of
fensive ornaments on Guam
Wake or the Philippine Islands
Nor would Britain on any OF
its easterly outposts such az
Hong Kong and Singapore.
Banned China Exploitation
Finally. the United States
and Britain Joined Japan in q
Guaranty Of freedom Of China
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

ton as one Of its excuses. the
Japanese in 1884 announced
their intention to terminate the
whole naval reduction at the
end Of one year--the period fol
revocation prescribed In the
original treaty.
Germany, Japan Blamed
Thus this first experiment in
mutual curtailment Of armed
forces failed lamentably. and
the two nations chiefly respon-
sible for destroying it-Ger-
many and Japan-went on To
become the principal aggressors
in World War II.
With three respects, the
Khrushchev offering is very
different from that Of Mr.
Hughes.
Mr.. Khrushchev nowhere
identifies specific armed forces
Of the nations concerned--that
is. comparative numbers Of
armed men or various types Of
weapons and their fire power
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23
BY JAY G. HAYDEN

North American NEWSPAPER Alllnnce
For q disarmament blockbust-
er comparable to Nikita Khru-
shchev's United Nations pro-
posal-that all Of the worlds
armed forces be strapped with
in four years-it is necessary
to turn back to Charles Evans
Hughes speech opening the
Washington disarmament con-
ference in 1921.
Mr.. Hughes, Secretary OF
State under President Harding
and later Chief Justice Of the
United States. proposed that
the United States, Great Brit
ain and Japan reciprocally
sink or dismantle So Of their
largest and finest fighting
ships. which he specifically
listed.
Of this sacrifice the United
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23
London Banker !
Feted by Friends

Ernest Eyers. manager Of the
Commonwealth Bank Of Aus
tralia in London. was the guest
Of honor at a cocktail party at
the University Club last night.
Mr.. Eyers, a former oficial
of the international Monetary
Fund here. is on his way back
to Australia with his family.
Among the other guests were
William McChesney Martin Of
the Federal Reserve Bank: Corr
coran Thorn Of Riggs National
Bank; M. r. Booker. Minister
of the Australian Embassy:
Bede Callaghan Of the World
Bank. and Paul Wooton. Of the
New Orleans Times-Pi cayune,
Host at the party was Col.
A. X. Tigrett. retired. q friend
of the Eyers'.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23
u. S. Disarmament
Plan Set Precedentin'21

States assumed the biggest
share-S0 vessels. all built or
under construction, with q total
tonnage Of 845, TAO. Britain was
asked to scrap II operating
battleships and two incomplete
battle cruisers, totaling 4ll.375
tons. Japan was to give UP 10
existing battleships and seven
under construction. totaling
448, 1923 tons.
Led TO 5-5-3 Ratio
The remarkable fact regard
ing this Hughes initiative was
that 1t went on to produce the
only important accomplishment
in the field Of internationally
directed disarmament in all
history. From 1921 to about
1882. when Japan went COM
pletely militaristic. the 5-5-3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

Mfr list Ssss Inch prnassr Sunbeam Electric Drill with
for drill, sender poshsr. buffer.
Drills foster because OF high kvns eoolsr-onssr
life, greater comfort. idss OF Cit sc
speed Of 220o rpm. ----------------------------
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

Right and left channel volume controls 50 ihoi
you moy bolanes and control the volume Of two
sterso speakers OF once. Complete with oil
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-23

Mfr. list 1925 Admiral Porto.
bic Hi-Fi Phonosroph, ploys
oil speeds automatic shvt-off,
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
George E. Frech Dies,
Armament Designer

George e. Frech. a patent
craftsman who at the turn of
the century did the drafting
on the Coca-Cola trademark,
died Monday in the Kensing-
ton Gardens Sanitarium. He
was o..
A native Of WATERFOWL. N. Y .
Mr.. Frech came to Washington
as a child and was educated In
District public schools.
In 1902, Just a few years after
drafting the Coca Cola trade
mark. he went TO work for the
Government. first for the chief
of engineers In the Army De-
partment and later for the
Bureau Of Soils in the Agricul-
ture Department and the Pat
ent ONCE.
During both World Wars, he
helped design ornaments for
the War Departments chief OF
ordnance. Having retired in
1888 at the age Of 10. he was
recalled to service at the out
break of World War II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-02
c.P. conrod, 70,
Leesburg Native

LEESBURG, Va. Sept. 2
(Special) .--Cuthbert P. Con-
rad. 70. member Of a prominent
Leesburg family. died yester-
day at Loudoun County Hos
pital, where he had been q
patient for several months with
q heart ailment.
A native Of Leesburg, he was
the son Of the late Francis
Edward Conrad and Mary j.
Harrison Conrad. He man.
aged several farms belonging
to the family and served as a
judge Of elections here.
During World War / Mr..
Conrad served overseas. He
was a former adjhtant of Lou
doun Post lit. Veterans Of
Foreign Wars. member of the
American Legion and Of St.
James Episcopal Church.
He was educated at private
schools in Loudoun County and
at Episcopal High School in
Alexandria. His only survivor
Is a sister, Miss Mary Conrad.
Leesburg. with whom he lived.
Funeral services will be held
at II am. Friday at st. James
Church. Burial will be in Lees
burg Union Cemetery.