davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-12-08


suddenly decide to throw their
economic weight strongly be-
hind agricultural improvement.
II they pulled all the stops
as the Russians apparently
have done in their rocket pro-
gram-Soviet agriculture could
make tremendous strides in
relatively short time.
At present. it appears very
unlikely that such drastic steps
win or can be taken. The scien-
tiflc progress being made by
the SovietS is probably taking
its toll in other areas. Agricul-
tllre appears to be one of them.
Manpower is still the big tool
in increasing production in the
Soviet Union as opposed to the
United States, where the sub
stitution of machinepower for
manpower is the basic ap-
proach to increased efficiency.
Much Work by Hand
These are some of the gen.
eral conclusions derived from
my recent tour of key Soviet
farm areas. I found that out
put per laborer is the measur-
ing stick on Russian farms.
Comparing a Soviet farm work.
er's output with the output of
an American farmer must be a
frustrating experience indeed
for Soviet agricultural leaders.
There just isn't any compari-
son.
There are a number of rea-
sons for this poor showing by
Soviet farm workers.
Much of the work on a Rus
sian farm is done by hand
whether it's digging potatoes or
feeding cattle. Consequently, it
takes a great many people to
do the work. Much of the farm
labor is done by women. From
the physical standpoint alone,
this lowers the production per
farm worker.
Whether a Soviet worker
produces just a little more each
day is relatively unimportant
to him financially. He will be
paid about the same. However,
it is doubtful that there is
much Sinking of work on a
Soviet farm. The heavy hand Of
the state leaves little room for
goldbricking.
Ukraine Season Short
The location of some OF the
best land in the Soviet Union
is a production handicap in it
sell. The Ukraine. lying to. the
north and west of the Black
Sea, is often referred to as the
breadbasket Of the Soviet Un-
ion. The land is good, no doubt
about that. But the heart of
the Ukraine is in the same lati-
tude as Winnipeg, Canada.
This eliminates the posi-
bility Of growing a number Of
crops. 1t is too cold, and the
growing season is too short.
There are other areas in the
Soviet Union where the climate
is more favorable to such crops
as corn and legumes, but Just
how much of this land is till
able is another matter.
1t is doubtful that the av-
erage Soviet farm is making
good use Of fertilizer and other
yield-increasing products. Un-
der the Soviet agricultural sys-
tenn, it is much simpler to ex-
pand acreage than to increase
yields already under cultiVa-
ton.
Thousands of acres of new"
land have come under the plow
in the past few years. However,
a great deal Of this land lies in
an agriculturally hazardous
subhumid and semi-arid zone
east of the Volga and the Urals.
More Acreage Added
Our own foreign agricultural
service reports that about 90
million acres were added to the
Soviet crop area in the 1954-56
period. Even with low yields
because of the weather, that
many additional crop acres
contributed greatly to the over
all Soviet farm production fig
ures.
The fact remains. however,
Evening star., 1959-12-08

A Rockefeller Brothers Fund
panel suggests that the Sec
.retary of State concentrate
on policy at the highest level"
and restore to diplomats on the
spot "the responsible function
they have been in danger Of
losing"
The recommendation was
taken as a veiled criticism of
the globe-trotting diplomacy of
the late Secretary John Foster
Dulles and his successor, Chris
tian A. Herter.
The public's lack of compre-
hension of foreign affairs has
made the Secretary Of States
Job "an almost impossible
Office" the panel said.
THE public has tended to be
mistrustful of the Secretary of
State, whatever his political
party or whatever the actual
policies he has pursued.
1--WE believe it is of the utmost
importance that the task of the
Secretary Of State be defined so
as to permit concentration upon
policy at the highest level.
"As a result there would be
restored to diplomatic repre-
sentatives on the spot the re-
sponsible function they have
been in danger Of losing. The
Secretary of State. meanwhile,
would be in a position to iden-
tify and explain to the public
those large issues where popu-
lar Judgment and support is
vital"
Members Of Panel
The bipartisan panel in
cluded Dean Rusk. president of
the Rockefeller Foundation and
a former Assistant Secretary of
State in a Democratic admin
istration: Adolf A. Berle, jr..
also a former Assistant Secre-
tary Of State and Ambassador
to Brazil; Max F. Millikan of
the Massachusetts, Institute of
Technology; Philip E. Mosely
of the Council on Foreign Rela-
tons; John D. Rockefeller, 3D..
president of The Asia Society:
David Sarnoff, Radio Corpora
Evening star., 1959-12-08
THE CHALLENGE
Soviet Farm Methods Found to Lag
By DICK HANSON

Editor, Successful Farming Magazihs
Written for The Associated Press
Can the Soviet Union catch
up with us aericulturally? This
question could be answered
either "yes" or no." depending
on the Soviets themselves.
The answer is mo" in the
next 10. is or 20 years, il they
continue their present rate of
Improvement. The answe r
could be 'yes," II they should
Evening star., 1959-12-08

Ia a short time. 50 Soviet Premier
Nikiso Khrushehev soys, Russia's
forms will be outprodueins the
United Stotes. In this first orti-
Gle Of q series On q recent tour Of
Soviet Russia, on Amekcon farm
expert ssoluotes the eheIIense.
Evening star., 1959-12-08

Tomorrow: Rural Life.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Cuban Police Report
Crushing of 2 Plots

HAVANA, Dec. "a (AP).-
Thousands of Cubans flocked
into churches today to pray for
peace and relief from tensions
mixed with the traditional fes-
tivity of Christmas and New
Years Day on this island.
" Amid the festivities, Cuban
police announced they had
crushed two plots against the
government.
They said one was a plan to
assassinate Miguel A. Quevedo,
publisher of the magazine Bo-
hemia and a strong supporter
of Prime Minister Fidel Castro.
Three men. including a for
mef BatiSta policeman. were
arrested in this case after, au-
thoritieS said. police monitoring
a telephone call to Miami heard
them receiving instructions
from former Senator Rolando
MaSferrer. officials said the
assassination attempt wa S
planned as the first of a num-
Der against leading figures in
the Castro regime.
In another case, Havana po-
lice arrested eight men and two
women on charges of plotting
armed opposition against Mr..
Castro. Reports said arms and
uniforms from Batista forces
were seized.
Pro-government newspapers
said their promises of the best
tourist trade in more than a
year were being fulfilled as "cut
rate" offers filled planes of all
Evening star., 1959-12-24
9th Set of Twins
Born to Women

ROCHESTER, N. Y, Dec. "a
(AP).-A 38-year-old mother
who suspected twins all along
has given birth to her sixth set
The odds against such an
occurrence, described as q
m a t h e m stical improbability
are 433, 3,626, POI ,OO9 to /.
But Mrs. Ernest Kittelberger
defied the odds and gave birth
to Gerald and Daryl at the
hospital h Monday. Gerald
weighed 6 pounds, three ounces;
Daryl, 6 pounds. II ounces.
The twins underwent blood
transfusions Tuesday to arrest
a jaundice infection.
The first set of twins born to
Mrs. Kittelberger in 1912 died
shortly after birth, as did two
other sets.
Fred and Pamela will observe
their 10th birthdays tomorrow
Gary and Barry are 4.
There was no history of twins
on his side of the family, her
husband said. He's a factory
worker.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Ex-GIs toGet
Dividends

The Veterans Administration
yesterday announced 1860 divi-
dends totaling S253.5 million for
participating CT life insurance
policyholders.
More than S million veterans
will share in the dividends,
which are slightly less than
those declared for 1859, the VA
said.
The dividends will be paid
to policyholders of National
Service Life Insurance CWorld
War ID and United States
Government Life Insurance
(World War y.
Sumner G. Whittier, admin
istrator of veterans affairs, said
the dividends will be paid as
soon as possible after the 1860
anniversary of the date each
policy was issued.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
U.S.. Army to Fete
$4,000 in Europe

HEIDELBERG, Germany,
Dec. "a (AP). The United
States Army in Europe is en-
tertaining some $4,000 Ger
mans, Italians and French at
Christmas parties tomorrow.
Operation Good Cheer" goes
into effect for the needy, rang
ing from baby age to old folks.
Thousands of dollars of vol
untary contributions from
Army personnel are financing
the project, in which every
Army installation on German,
Italian and French soil is
taking part.
The celebrations range from
shipboard kiddies' partie S
aboard two United States mill
tary transport vessels at Bre-
merhaven, Germany, to festivi-
ties for $500 crippled and aged
in Verona, Italy.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Brucker States
4-Week Asia Tour
BY the Associated Press

Secretary of the Army
Brucker will leave Sunday fol-
an inspection trip to the Far
East and Southeast Asia.
The Army said today he
will fly from Detroit after
spending the Christmas holi-
days there. His visit will in.
clude Hawaii. Wake Island
Guam, the Philippines, Indo-
nesia, Burma, Thailand, Wet
Nam, Hong Kong, Formosa
Okinawa, South Korea, Japan
the Aleutians and Alaska.
He is scheduled to return
about January %. Mr.. Bruckel
will confer with United States
and foreign military and ci.
villain officials.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Christmas Day
Programs Listed
ByD.C. Stations

Special religious television
programs listed by local sta
tions Christmas day are as
follows:
1850 am, WMAL-TV-
Thoughts of God" Mrs. Mary
Pitts, hostess.
$3.50 am, WTTG-TV-"A
Pilgrimage to Bethlehem" with
Gallaudet College and Kendall
School students.
10 am, WRC-TV - THE
Festival Of Seven Lessons and
Carols" Washington Cathedral
Choir of Men and Boys and the
Right Rev. Angus Dun, Bishop
of Washington, and the Very
Rev. Francis B. Sayre, jr., Ca
thedral dean.
1880 am, WTTG-TV-Ho-
ward University Choir.
Special religious radio pro-
grams for tomorrow include the
following:
1905 p.m., WGMS - Ma
tional Symphony student S
Christmas concert for handi-
capped children.
2:O5 p.m., WGMS-Handel's
"The Messiah; also at 7 pm
sos p.m., WGMS - Bee
thoven's Choral" from Sym
phony Number 8 in D Minor.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
MeIpur Engineer
Takes Own Life

A 44-year-old electrical en-
gineer at Melpar shot himself
to death early today, Fairfax
County police reported.
Dead on arrival at Arlington
Hospital was Thomas w. Allen
IL Park Lane road, Fairfax
Police said he was found lying
in his workshop about $50 a m
Police Pvt. C. B. Abel saic
Mr.. Allen had been shot with 9
20 caliber pistol.
Mr.. Allen, father Of an Is.
year-old Fairfax High Schoo
student, had been employed by
Melpar for five years, police
said.
He left q note to his wife
indicating he was deSpondent
because he felt he was not able
to do his job properly. Police
said that just yesterday he hac
asked to be relieved of some ot
the responsibilities of his job
Police said the death wa.
ruled a suicide.
Evening star., 1959-12-24

airlines operating between Cuba
and Florida.
The Diario Nacional said the
revolutionary government had
smashed anti-Castro propa-
ganda" and cooperation be-
tween Cuba and the airlines re-
suited in full reservations of all
air flights into Cuba from to-
day to January 6.
Presidential palace sources
said traditional amnesty for
prisoners in Cuban jails was
unlikely to be decreed this
year.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Aircroft freeze Left
Wet Nam Outin Cold

to jets. Both sides have ignored
various clauses of the agree
ment already-the Communist
on militarizing the north and
the Wet Namese. with Ameri-
can advice, on holding a ma
tion-wide plebiscite.
Neither Signed Pact
Neither Wet Nam nor the
United States signed the agree
ment. 1t was basically a
French Communist truce. But
American officials insist it is to
the Vests advantage to con-
tinue the agreement since it
provides for naturalization OBJ
servers here. The observers can
do nothing about violations,
but American officials say they
help keep the free world in
formed.
The local air force now has
81 F8Fs, "a CAT transports
nine helicopters and 54 small
liaiSon planes. 1t has the
strength in total Of about one
American mixed wing, World
War II style.
1t does well what it is
equipped to do, American Of
flcers here say. But, since it
is a new air force Git was ac-
tivated in 1855 using old French
aircraft), it will need continued
American technical advice and
training for several more years
Until jets come, local air de-
fense is almost zero. And of
course it is Americas policy to
rely on local defense forces to
deter or fight small local ag-
gressions.
In time of trouble in Wet
Nam, American air units would
have to become involved imme-
diately, with the consequent
greater risk of a small en-
gagement becoming a big war
Air support would have tc
come from the thin-stretched
carrier force of the Seventh
Fleet or from distant land
based Air Force planes.
Since Wet Nam has no Jets
it has no jet fields, so American
defense planes could not fly
from local fields. This also
weakens the defense of Laos
Thailand and other free-world
allies in Southeast Asia.
The Communists suffer from
no such weakness. They knew
what they were doing when
they signed the armistice in
Geneva.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
British Comet Safe
In Belly Lundinq

ROME. Dec. "a (AP).-A
British jet Comet skidded for
200 yards on its belly after land
ing at Rome airport last night.
The 38 passengers and eight
crew members we're shaken up
but no one was hurt. The
BOAC airliner. flying from Lon
don to johannesburg, touched
down normally for its Rome
stop and rolled 800 yards down
the runway before its landing
gear gave way. Only the wing
flaps were damaged slightly.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Smith Drops Bid
To Succeed SiIer
By the Associated Prsss

Walter Ray Smith, secretary
to Representative Siler, Repub-
lican of Kentucky. has with
drawn as a candidate to sue
ceed Mr.. Siler. He said he also
has resigned as Mr.. Siler's
secretary.
Mr.. Smith announced his
candidacy to succeed Mr.. Siler
after the latter said several
months ago that he would not
seek reelection to a fourth
term.
Mr.. Siler, however, has ap-
parently reconsidered his deci-
sion, Mr.. Smith said yesterday,
and will make the race again
next year.
Evening star., 1959-12-24

the Army Air Force during the
war, he's been here ever since,
A few months after he
started work here he began
classes at National University
Law School.
"I went six nights a week
two hours a night" he said
II was working a 71a-hour day
then and in those days we
worked half a day on Sat-
urdays.
During my third year at
law school I took a bar review
course. That was one hour a
night extra with four hours or
Sunday"
I In 1912 he passed his bar
exams and was admitted to the
District bar. The next year he
returned to night school ano
earned his masters degree in
law.
my wife had been very pa.
tient with my studies" III
said. with a smile, but wher
I told her after completing the
masters that it would only
take two more years to get ar
accounting degree, she said
Your education is finished.
And I guess it was"
When he was married il
October, 1910, Mr.. Ruddock wa.
earning $3.50 a year as ar
assistant clerk. And that wa!
really big money" he said.
Move to Mclean
He and his wife Margaret
have two daughters. Ann, nov
married. and Carole, 10. TheS
recently moved to Mclean, Va.
from Arlington.
Mr.. Ruddock has been CHIEF
Of the retirement division
since 1858. The new Bureau o.
Retirement and Insurance wa.
created this September.
He thinks the bureaus big.
gest problem is finding the
employment records of those
who worked for the Govern
ment before there was a retire.
ment plan.
Of his Office on the first floor
OF the Pension Building are
rows and rows of filing cabinets
containing the records of l3
million persons who have been
separated from Government
service on retirement.
Even though other agencies
are required to keep their en-
ployes informed Of the retire.
ment system, Mr.. Ruddock says
the bureau receives about 1000
letters a day from Government
workers seeking information.
1--WE answer all of them"
He has a staff of $50 working
under him and believes the
bureaus operation is more ef-
ficient if it is slightly under
stated.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Vessel Freed

JACKSONVILLE, Fla, Dec
"a (AP).-The motor vessel
June, operated by the Buccan-
eer, Line Inc. of Jacksonville
was pulled from a reef off the
Cuban coast yesterday, a COM
pany spokesman reported. He
said apparently no one was in
jured and the vessel can return
here under her own power.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
'2l' Producer
Gets New Job

NEW YORK, Dec. "a CAP)-
Jack Barry, co-producer of the
defunct "Twenty-One" tele-
vision quiz show, has new Job.
His appointment as executive
vice president of the Fragrance
Process Co., specialists in aro-
matte advertising, was an
nounced yesterday by Alfred
Neuwald, the company's presi-
dent.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
TODAY'S WEATHER REPORT

District and vicinity-Cloudy
tonight with a chance of brief
light snow: low near %. Mostly
cloudy and continued cold to-
morrow.
Wrginia-Cloudy tonight
with some scattered light snow
or sleet; low in the lower 30s
near the coast and in the 2Os
in the interior. Considerably
cloudy and cold tomorrow with
a chance of little morning
rain on the coast.
Maryland - Mostly cloudy
tonight; low, 1928 in the east
and south and 1920 in the
north and west. Mostly cloudy
tomorrow; high, 1898.
Lower Potomac and Chesa-
peake Bay-Northeast winds of
1920 miles per hour tonight
and tomorrow. Considerably
cloudy tonight and tomorrow
Visibility 5-10 miles.
Road Conditions-AAA
West: D. G. to Pa. turnpike-clear
wet. i. 5. 40 West Hto to ohioWcIeaT cpsaT
to Md.-Pa. line. Slippery spots to the
west. o. S. 80 west to Ohio-Clear in
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Irish Envoy to Seek
Top Assembly Post

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
Dec. "a (AP) The Irish dele
cation has announced that its
head. Frederick Henry Boland,
lis a candidate for president of
the United Nations General
Assembly's 18th session next
year. The election will be held
when the session begins in
September.
Jiri Nosek, Deputy Foreign
Minister of Czechoslovakia,
announced his candidacy last
spring.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Quokes Jolt Sicily
Second Straight Day

CATANIA, Sicily, Dec. "a
(AP) Earthquakes shook the
Mediterranean island of Sicily
today for the second successive
day but they were of less in
tensity. There was no report
of new damage. A series of
tr e mt orS yesterday shattered
windows and sent thousands of
persons running into the streets
in fright. A man was gravely
injured when he panicked and
jumped from a second-fioor
window.
Evening star., 1959-12-24

Second Of Two Articles
with the Communist rebels, thu
military forces on both side!
were frozen" pending a fina
peace settlement-the same sorr
of agreement the United Ma.
tions side. accepted to end thu
Korean fighting.
The Geneva agreement ha!
held the Wet NameSe air force
to the same kind of planes il
had in 1954-old propeller.
driven World War II craft.
But the Communist govern.
ment in the northern half o.
this divided country has side.
stepped the agreement, accord.
ing to Vietnamese and Amer.
ican officials here, by keepinr
modern jet aircraft on field!
just across the northern border
IN Red China.
Group Well Run
Although small and handi.
capped, the air force here il
well run by a group of younG
Wet Nam officers, many O
them trained in the United
States. United States Air Fore,
officers advise them on admin,
istration and tactics.
But they must fly old FsT
Navy fighter planes. These arr
no longer produced, and spare
parts are running out. They
will be exhausted in anothel
year, and Wet Nam will hav,
to find another plane.
The United States Air Fore,
has no propeller fighters in it,
active inventory so the Vie
Namese presumably will hav,
to scrounge something useabl,
in the Navy. The Navy planei
are designed for carriers, anC
maintenance is difficult. Ant
1t is hard for this Air Force
sponsored organization to rur
its procurement lines through
the Navy.
The alternative would be Il
scrap another section of tn,
Geneva agreement and conver
Evening star., 1959-12-24
U. N. Chief Greeted
In Liberia by Tubmun

MONROVIA. Liberia, Dec. "a
(AP).-President William v. S
Tubman and other Liberian
officials welcomed United Ma
tions Secretary-General Dag
Hammarskjold on his arrival
in Monrovia yesterday.
Mr.. Hammarskjold then flew
to the Nimba mountains to in
spect Liberals 5000 million
iron ore project, operated by
the iberian-American-S Swedish
Minerals Co.
Evening star., 1959-12-24

Government employees.
The bureau is responsible for
administering the Govern
ment's retirement, group life
insurance and health benefits
program.
He says administering the
various retirement acts is the
bureaus biggest job. And the
figures he cites explain his
remark.
There are about 81 million
Government employees now
covered under the retirement
acts. There are $4,000 former
employees and 100000 survivors
of employees who are drawing
retirement checks.
S9.5 Billion
THE retirement fund balance
now is about SOS billion" Mr..
Ruddock said. About $3.50
million a year is collected from
employees and the sam e
amount from the employer.
We have about 1000 persons
retiring each month. =
1T is the largest staff en-
ploye retirement pan in the
world"
OF the bureaus largest job
administering the group life
insurance program passed in
l954-he points out that the
program has paid out some
$500 million through last June.
The Governments life In
surance program also is the
largest In the world.
Andy Ruddock was born the
day the World War I Armistice
was signed in West Lebanon,
Pa, a coal mining region so
miles east Of Pittsburgh. u
guess ! was part Of the celehaa-
ton that day." he says.
Hard work has always been
a keystone Of his career.
Coal Miner
When he graduated from
high school in 1887 he worked
for two summers as a coal
miner.
His family attended the
Presbyterian Church and from
their minister heard Of Black
burn College in Carlinville, III.
To be admitted, the student
had to rank among the top
fifth Of his high school class.
1T was a small college
about $50 Students" Mr.. Rud.
dock recalled, and all the stu
dents worked is hours q week.
During my freshman year
I worked in the college bakery.
We made tie bread and dough-
nuts. Sometimes on Sundays
I'd be the chief cook in the
cafeteria.
THE main thing that I re-
member about being chief cook
was to see that everything was
seasoned right"
In his second year he worked
as a chemistry laboratory as
sistant.
II was taking a pre-law
course, but I took almost all
my electives in chemistry. I
don't know how you explain
that"
In October of 1888 he took
a Civil Service competitive ex-
animation and the next spring
was offered a job in Govern
ment.
Took 1880 Job
He took it and came to
Washington as an assistant
messenger at $1,000 a year.
Except for overseas service with
Evening star., 1959-12-24
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
: Ex-Messenger Heads
Retirement Business
By HAYNES JOHNSON
Star STAN Writer

Twenty years Andrew Ruddock entered Government
service Today from his Office in the old red
brick Pension Building he administers billion dollar
AS director of the Bureau of Retirement and
his job is of than passing million
Evening star., 1959-12-24
Young on Vacation

Joseph Young is on vacation.
His column will be resumed on
his return.
Evening star., 1959-12-24
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Star stan Writer

SAIGON, Wet Nam. - The
tiny. obsolete Wet Namese air
force is a reminder of the pit
falls inherent in agreements
with the Communist world.
Under the 1854 armistice
agreement signed in Geneva
Second nf Two ATficleS