davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
The Problem
|Of Disarmament

TUT centuries the peOple
dreamed Of getting rid Of the
destructive means Of warfare
The demand for disarmament
has been advanced and upheld
BY the best minds. by the
greatest public leaders and
statesmen. and by parties hav.
ing the closest ties with tn.
working people. But, instead
Of disarmament, the world, fol
many decades. has been shaken
by the ornaments fever.
Who can honestly say thai
the arms race has helped to
solve q single, even the sim
plest international problem. or
the contrary. the arms race
only complexities and further
embroils the solution Of issue.
In dispute.
Never before in the history
Of mankind has the arms race
been conducted at such q pace
and with such dangers involved
as today. the age Of. the atom
electronics and the conquest oil
cosmic space.
Only recently rapid FIRE auto
matte weapons. tanks, long.
range artillery and aerial
bombs were regarded as the
most terrible, the most power
full means of humiliation
But can they stand any COM
parsion with the weapons avail.
able today? We have reached
q stage where 1t Is difficult to
find a weapon more powerful
than the hydrogen weapon
which has practically no limit
as to its potential. II all the
means Of destruction that man.
kind has possessed In the past
were put together, they coulC
constitute. in power, only ar
insignificant part Of what the
two or three great powers pos.
sessing nuclear weapons have
at their disposal today.
It is hard to imagine the
consequences for mankind Of 9
war with the use Of this mon.
strous means Of destruction anc
humiliation. II 1t were alloweC
to start, the number Of victimi
would run not into millions, but
into tens and even hundreds o.
millions Of h m q n lives. /
would be q war in which ther,
would be no, difference between
the front and the rear, between
the combatants and the chill
dren. Many large cities ant
industrial centers would be re-
duced to ruins and the creates
monuments Of culture, createt
over centuries by the efforts o
human genius, would be los
! irrevocably. Nor would this wa
spare the future generations. It
poisonous trail in the form o
radioactive contamination
would long MAIN people ant
claim many lives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
Official Visits
May Be Milestone

The exchange of visits be-
tween the heads Of govern
ment Of the USSR and the
United States can be a mile
stone in the sequence Of events
ensuring an improvement in
Sovet-American relations. We
have had, and will continue, an
exchange Of opinions with the
President Of the United States
on problems Of Soviet-Ameri-
can relations and on pressing
international problems, we be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
Lodge Omitted
From Labor Fete

SAN FRANCISCO. Sept. 10
(AP).-United Nations Ambas-
sador Henry Cabot Lodge will
not attend private dinner here
tomorrow night for Soviet
Premier Khrushchev because
labor leaders don't want any
hint Of United States Govern
ment influence in the affair.
Host James B. Carey. presi-
dent of the international Union
of Electrical Workers. says this
is the only reason he turned
down the State Departments
request that Mr.. Lodge. who is
Mr.. Khrushchev's official Amer
lean escort during his United
States tour, be invited. y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
Fovors u. N. Seat
For Red China

1t is inconceivable that any
one could earnestly think that
a stable and reliable solution
Of major world problems can
be achieved without the par
ticipation Of the great Peoples
China which is approaching its
10th anniversary. Permit me
to voice the following thoughts
on the subject in all franSness.
Everyone knows that when a
person dies. he is actually bur-
led. No matter how dearly be-
loved the deceased is, no mat
ter how sad the parting with
him. life compels everyone to
face up to the realities.
A coffin or q tomb or a mau-
soleum is saved for the dead
man and he is taken out Of the
premises Of the living. This was
so in ancient times and this
continues to be done in our
days. Why then must China
be represented in the United
Nations by the corpse of re-
dictionary China, that is, by
Chang Kai-shek? We consider
that it is high time that the
United Nations, too. act the
way all nations, all peoples
deal with corpses; that is, car
ried out so that a real repre-
sentative, a genuine representa-
tive Of the Chinese people may
take its rightful seat in the
United Nations.
1t may. however, be asked:
The abolition of the cold
war" the strengthening Of
peace, and the peaceful cock
istence OF states are. of course,
supremely noble and attractive
goals. but are they attainable,
are they realistic? Can we even
now, in present-day conditions,
place the relations between
states on a new basis?
From this platform, / reso-
lutely declare that the Soviet
government considers the
achievement Of these goals not
only urgent. but also quite real
istic. The Soviet Union is con-
WINGED that the necessary con-
ditions are now on hand for a
radical change for the better
In international relations, for
the complete abolition of the
cold war" in the interests Of
the whole Of humanity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19


The time has come for the
efforts Of the United Nations in
STRENGTHENING peace to be sup
plemented by the efforts Of the
heads Of governments Of all
states, by the efforts Of broad
masses Of the people who sup
port peace and security for the
nations. Everything indicates
that the time has come to usher
In a period Of international
negotiations, conferences and
meetings Of statesmen in order
that one after the other Of the
pressing international problems
should find their solution.
In order that the principles
OF peaceful coexistence should
become completely established
In relations between the states,
it is necessary in our opinion
to put an end to the cold war.
The peoples cannot permit the
unnatural state Of the cold war
to continue any longer. just as
they could not permit the cpl
denies Of the plague or Of
cholera to rage unchecked.
What does ending the cold
war mean and what must be
done to accomplish this?
First Of all. it is necessary to
put an end to appeals or cause
for war. There is no hiding the
fact that belligerent speeches
continue to be made by certain
nearsighted men. Is 1t not time
to put an end to the brandish-
ing Of arms and threats ad-
dressed at our states? The cold
war is doubly dangerous be-
cause it is going on in condi-
tions which are increasing sus-
picions and distrust among
states.
!" Nor must it be forgotten that
the cold war began and is con-
tinuing at a time when the
aftermath of the Second World
War has not yet been elimin-
ated. When the peace treaty
with Germany has not as yet
been concluded. when an oc-
cupation regime is still MAIN
tanned in the heart of Germany
IN Berlin on territory of the
Western sector.
Eliminating this source Of
tension in the center of Europe
and the potentially most dan
gerous areas Of the world where
major armed forces Of oppos-
ing military alignments are
close to each other would fur
nish the key for improving the
international climate.
We appeal to the govern
nnents Of the United States.
Britain. and France to make
every effort to reach agreement
on real steps toward the
achievement Of this goal. Who
can deny the great Importance
Of developing contacts between
peoples in ending the cold war
and improving the international
climate? We are in favor Of ex-
tending the practice of mutual
visits by statesmen as well as
by representatives of political,
business and social groups
visits developing international
economic, cultural, scientific
and technical cooperation. I.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
The Problem
or Controls

Lie experience Oh olSdTmh-
ment talks shows that the
question Of control has been
raised as one Of the main OBJ
stacles to agreement. We were
and are for strict international
control over the implementa-
ton Of the disarmament agree
ment. when 1t is reached. But
We have always been against
the system OF control being
separated from m easures
toward disarmament. against
the organs Of control becoming.
in effect. organs for the collec-
ton Of intelligence information
in conditions where there would
In effect be no disarmament.
We are for genuine disarma-
ment under control. but we are
against control without dis
armament. 1t would be easy for
the opponents of disarmament
to make any measure condi-
tional upon such demands of
control as the other states
would be unable to satisfy in
the conditions Of a universal
arms race. Indeed, those same
countries which, for some rea-
son or other, advance such far
reaching demands of control
would not be inclined to accept
these demands themselves. If II
came to their implementation.
There exists yet other dim
Guilty. So long as disarmament
Is conceived only as partial
disarmament and 1t is assumed
that some ornaments will re-
main after the conclusion OF
disarmament agreement. states
would still retain the material
possibility to launch an attack
Apprehensions would always
exist that with the aid OF the
remaining types Of ornaments
and armed forces the possibility
to launch an attack would con-
tinue in being. The understand
ing that such a possibility re-
mains was In no small measure
an obstacle in the disarmament
negotiations.
Many states feared that dis
armament measures would af-
feet precisely those types OF
ornaments in which they had
the greatest advantage and
which they believe to be par
ticularly necessary for them
selves. Naturally. under these
circumstances in the atmos-
phere of the cold wars and
mutual suspicion, no state,
speaking seriously and not for
propaganda. could reveal its
military secrets. the organisa-
ton of its defense and war
production without damage to
the interests of Its national
security. =.
The Soviet government hav-
ing comprehensively considered
the obtaining situation, has
come to the firm conviction
that the way out Of the dead
lock should be sought along
the road of general and COM
plete disarmament. With such
an approach the possibility Of
creating any military advanta-
ges for these or those states
is completely ruled out. It is
general and complete disarma-
Iment that will remove all the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19

an acute and fully mature
question as that of the, discon-
tinuance Of nuclear sweapons
tests for all time. There now
exist all prerequisites for such
a solution. We hope that the
appropriate agreement on the
discontinuance Of tests will be
concluded and put into effect
without delay.
The danger Of a rocket-nu-
clear war looming over the
peoples requires courageous and
far-reaching solutions to in
sure peace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19

Over 4 Years

What does the Soviet gov
eminent propose?
The essence Of our proposals
Is that over q period Of -four
years all states should effect
complete disarmament and
should no longer have any
means Of waging war.
This m cans that armies
navies and air force will cease
to exist. general stats and wal
ministries will be abolished
military educational establish.
ments will be closed. Dozens Of
millions Of men will return Il
peaceful creative labor.
Military bases in foreign ter.
ritories will be abolished.
All atomic and hydrogen
bombs at the disposal Of states
will be destroyed and their fur.
Their p oduction terminated
The energy Of fashionable ma.
terials will be used exclusively
for peaceful economic and sci
entific purposes.
Military rockets of all ranges
will be liquidated and rocket
facilities will remain only as
q means of transportation and
Harvesting outer space to the
benefit of all mankind.
At the disposal of states
there should remain only
strictly limited contingents OF
police tmilitia) agreed for each
country. armed with small arms
and intended exclusively to
maintain internal order and
protect the personal security
Of citizens.
So as no one could violate
their obligations. we propose
the setting up Of an interna-
tional control body comprising
all states. There should be ini-
tiated a system Of control over
all disarmament measures
which should be created and
should function in conformity
with the stages by which dis
armament should be effected.
If disarmament is compre-
hensive and complete, then
upon It's attainment control
will also be general and COM
plete. States will have nothing
to conceal from one another;
none of them will dispose of a
weapon that could be used
against the other. and there
fore the controllers will be able
to manifest their zeal to the
hilt.
Such a solution Of disarma-
ment questions will ensure the
complete security of all states,
1t will generate favorable con-
ditions for the peaceful CO.
existence Of states. All inter-
national problems will then be
resolved, not bv force Of arms
but by peaceful means.
We are realists in politics
and understand that some time
Is REQUIRED to work out such a
broad disarmament program.
While such q program is elab-
grated. while the questions are
nesotiated. one should not sit
with folded hands and wait.
The Soviet government be-
lieves that the elaboration OF
q program Of general and COM
plete disarmament should not
hold w the solution Of such
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19

lieve that Mr.. Eisenhower
wishes TO contribute to remov-
ing the tension In the relations
between States.
At one Of the news confer
ences the President Of the
United States expressed q
readiness to conduct realistic
negotiations with the Soviet
Union concerning Q reasonable
and reciprocally guaranteed
plan Of general disarmament or
disarmament in the field Of
special types OF weapons. to
make q real beginning in solving
the problems Of q divided Ger
many, and to help reduce ten
sion in the world by other
means. Permit me to express
the hope that our exchange
Of views with President Eiseh-
hover will be fruitful.
We belong to those who hope
that the exchange Of visits be-
tween the leading statesmen
Of the United States and the
USSR and the forthcoming
meetings and conversations
will help to pave q direct road
to the complete ending of the
cold war" provided, Of course.
there is q mutual desire to
achieve this goal. That is how
we regard our visit to the
United States and the coming
visit Of President Eisenhower
to the Soviet Union. -.
We live at a time when man
kind is marching ahead with
giant strides, and We are wit.
Messing not only the swift de-
velopment Of industry. science
and engineering. but also rapid
changes in the political APP
pearance Of large areas Of the
world. Once-backward people
are freeing themselves OF CO.
lonial dependence, and new in
dependent states are arising In
place Of former colonies and
semi-colQpies. Permit me warm
ly to greet, from the bottom Of
my heart. the representatives
Of those states present in this
hall.
It should be admitted at the
same time that not all the peo-
Piles who have the right to be
represented in the United Ma
tons have their representatives
here as yet. The Soviet Union,
like all freedom flowing nations.
warmly wishes success to the
peoples who are still in colonial
bondage but who are fighting
resolutely for their national
liberation from colonial OPP
preston.
The last strongholds Of the
moribund colonial system are
crumbling away. and this is
one of the most significant fac
tors Of our time. Take q look
at the map Of Asia and Africa
and you shall see hundreds Of
millions Of people freeing them
selves Of centuries-old oppres.
sion by foreigners. Of foreign
exploitation.
The future generations will
give a high estimate to the ex-
plot of those who are leading
the struggle for the independ.
ence Of India and Indonesia.
the United Arab Republic and
Irao. Ghana, Guinea and other
states, Just as the people Of
the United States today revere
the memory If George Wash
ington and Thomes jefferson
who led the American people
in the struggle for their inde-
penQence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19

Of atomic and hydrogen weap-
ons In the hope that the other
powers would follow this noble
example. 1t is only to be re-
GREETED that these hopes were
not justified. The Soviet Gov
eminent has now decided not
to resume nuclear tests in the
Soviet Union II the Western
powers do not resume theirs.
Only II they resume the tests
OF nuclear weapons will the
Soviet Union consider itself
free of this commitment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19

barriers that were raised during
consideration Of questions of
partial disarmament and will
clear the way for the establish
mert of comprehensive and
complete control.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
Dangerous Situation
Confronts World

A dangerous situation has de-
veloped in the world today.
Various military alliances are
!, in existence and the, arms race
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-19
Soviet Premier Urges
More Leaders MEETINGS
~ the Associated Press

Following Is partial tert OF Soviet Premier Khru-
shcheps address before the United Nations yesterday
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05
Rifoi Resigns
AS Jordan Chief

AMMAN, Jordan. May 5
(AP) Premier Samir Rifai, a
Palestinian Arab strong man,
resigned today on grounds of
i'll health.
A palace source said King
Hussein accepted the resigna-
ton and entrusted Royal Court
Minister Hazza Majali, a for
mer premier. with the task of
forming a new government.
Mr. Rifai has held the pre-
miership four times in the last
IL years. His latest govern
ment was formed May Is, 1858.
He was in charge during the
summer crisis in the Middle
East when British troops were
dispatched to Jordan and Unit
ed States forces to Lebanon.
The British-trained executive
has also served as foreign min
lister, defense minister and
deputy premier of this desert
kingdom.
In his letter of resignation
Mr.. Rifai said he had asked
the King several times before
to relieve him of his duties for
health reasons. but that his
requests were rejected.
Il now feel that my health
imposes it upon me to rest, +"
he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05
Queen Welcomes
Shah to London

LONDON, May S (AP).-
The Shah of Iran received a
glittering welcome today from
Queen Elizabeth II and top
ministers in her government.
The handsome, 39-year-old
Shah is here for a three-day
state visit and then a private
holiday of two weeks Public
attention will be focused on
his continuing search for a new
wife and his position as one
of the Vests few allies III the
Middle East.
Crowds massed 10 deep in
the bright spring sunshine to
watch the young Queen. dressed
in pale blue, greet the Shah
at London's Victoria Station
Dressed in a dark -olue uniform
splashed with gold braid, the
Shah Saluted and bowed over
the Queens hand.
A troop of honor from the
list Battalion of Grenaoier
Guards stood stiff1y at atten-
ton throughout the ceremony.
The two rulers then left for
Buckingham Palace in a pro-
cession of ornamented old car
riages.
The British governments
welcome was calculated to show
that Britain admires the
Iranian's refusal to bow to
Soviet pressure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05

A fire which caused an esti-
matted 100000 damage to st.
Demands Catholic Church in
Riverdale, Md, today, forcing
evacuation of 800 pupils from
the adjoining school, may have
been set deliberately, fire Off
Gals reported.
Prince Georges County Fire
Marshal Lawrence R. Woltz
said three teen-age boys were
seen running from the church
Just before the blaze was dis
covered at 1890 am. He said
the boys have been identified,
and are not pupils at st. Ber-
nard's.
The flames, which appar-
emily broke out suddenly,
burned fiercely in the rear of
the church, causing heavy dam
age to the partially paneled
walls, the vestibule and choir
loft.
The pupils. following fire drill
procedure rehearsed just last
Wednesday, filed calmly from
the building into the church
parking lot. The school, con-
nected to the church by q
breezeway. was not damaged.
Firemen manning Is pieces
of equipment from eight COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05
Church Blaze Routs
800 Pupils; Arson Seen

panies had the blaze under
control in IS minutes, and the
pupils returned to their classes.
School safety patrol boys helped
hold back the crowd of spec
tators.
The pastor, Msgr. Thomas B.
Dade, parish priests and fire.
men managed to save nearly
all the sacred objects from the
altar, which was blackened by
smoke. The front of the church
was damaged by water and
smoke. and the adjoining rec
tory also received smoke dam
age.
Firemen had to smash the
windows and chop through the
slate roof of the church to get
at the flames.
Msgr. Dade said the last
mass this morning was held at
8:15 o'clock. At 10 o'clock. he
said. the sexton made his in-
spection rounds and all was in
order. The blaze was discov-
cred 30 minutes later.
The nine-year-old church
building on Riverdale road has
a seating capacity of 300 and
serves 1000 parishioners. Msgr
'Dade said mass viii be said in
the school auditorium until
repairs are completed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05

tearing his shirt and ripping
two buttons from his blouse.
and knocking his nightstick
away He seized the policeman
and repeatedly knocked his
head against the wall. Pvt.
Roge said in his report.
Pvt. Roge drew his revolver
and fired twice, missing each
time. With each shot. Fridie
became more violent. he said
The next three shots struck
Fridie in the groin. chest and
abdomen. He was declared
dead at $40 am.
Two Sutures Over Eye
Pvt. Roge needed two suturss
over the left eye, a patch or
a head wound and his neck was
red and swollen.
Pvt. Roge, the father of three
lives at l402 Gladstone drive
Rockville. He and his partner
Pvt. William Stessert. were
checking on a window smash
ing of a store at 1906 Four
tenth street NV, when they
heard of the woman being
thrown from the window.
An inquest into the shooting
was set for today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-05
Berserk Man Is Slain
By District Policeman

A longtime police character
who threw a woman out Of a
second-story window after he
got religion" was shot to
death by a Washington police
man early today.
Moses Fridie, 26,. of 1928 @
street NV, died from the eff
fects Of three of five shots fired
by Pvt. Henry r. Roge, 80, Of
the second precinct, after the
two had fought in q darkened
staircase.
1t was the second fatal shoot
ing in the precinct in little
more than 48 hours. Saturday
midnight Police Pvt. Harold K.
Shelton was shot to death by
Alexander Truesdale. "a, in an
alley near Seventh and L
streets. Truesdale, who had just
wounded two women, is held
without bail on a homicide
charge.
Goes Berserk Suddenly
Police said Fridie suddenly
went berserk in the middle OF
the night, and crawled out OF
his bed on the third floor.
He was shaking all over"
his common-law wife, Mary Lee
Mitchell, 35, told police. He
got religion"
On the second floor. Mrs. Ida
Taylor, SO. opened her door
and yelled upstairs: "You keep
quiet up there"
Fridie rushed downstairs,
broke open her door and threw
her through the closed window.
Mrs. Taylor was admitted to
washington Hospital Center in
serious condition with a frac-
tured leg and internal injuries.
Returning to his apartment,
Fridie forced Mrs. Mitchell to
Ikneel by the window.
This is the end of the world
for you = start praying" he
said. The woman managed to
break away and was hurrying
downstairs when she met Pvt.
Roge going up.
Pvt. Roge encountered Fridie
on a landing. Fridie, whose long
criminal record includes ii as
saults, two on policemen, told
Pvt. Roge: Nobody is going
to take me-"
He sprang at the policeman,