davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16

Any wishful thinking to the effect
that Communist China may be begged
down in insurmountable problems should
be jolted by the frst-hand reporting Of
Lord Boyd orr, British agricultural ex-
pert. Returning from his second visit
In three years behind the Bamboo Cur
tain, Boyd Orr has told Western news
men: "a That food production In Red
China has been raised by so to 100 per
cent in that period; (2) that industrial
development and production show enor-
nous advance; CD that mass inocula-
ton and vaccination programs have vir-
tually eliminated the danger Of epidemic
disease.
Lord Boyd Orr has good credentials
as an authoritative and objective re-
porter in these fields. A Scotsman, he Is
former head of the Food and Agricul-
ture Organization Of the United Nations,
director Of several British banks and
industrial corporations. director Of Eng
lands largest farming enterprise, q
writer and editor Of technical publica-
tions For years he has been particu-
larry interested In the basic problem Of
world food supply In relation to the rapid
growth Of population. He was Nobel
Peace Prize winner in 194o. It is un-
likely that he has been brainwashed or
seriously misled by what he has seen in
China.
He has, for example, an explanation
Of how the food production there has
been stepped up as much Is claimed by
Peiping, It is that the shallow, earth
scraping technique employed for gener-
atoms has been abandoned in favor Of
deep blowing and that chemical insecti-
cides and fertilizers are applied heavily.
Along with this nodernization IN prac-
tices, he reports, the Chinese have util-
lied their vast nlanpower in handwork
to a point where "you have to look to
ind a weed in the fields." Wheat, soy
beans and cotton are three crops show
ing most noticeable increase. In the
combination of its farm and factory de-
velopment, Lord Boyd Orr predicts that
both will more than keep pace with the
population growth In the big Communist
country.
There are Of course. political inn
plications in this story Of nonpolitical
progress. China's population is the larg-
est In the world, approximately one
fourth of all those living on the globe.
It has embraced communism, or has
been captured by 1t, and its potential
power may not be safely underestimated.
If 1t has indeed mastered to such degree
its fundamental problems of feeding tt
self, Of developing industrial production
in massive measure and of materially
lessening the age-old menace Of cpl
demic disease, 1t Is far on its way to
realizing its power potential.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES Z. TRACEWELL

desk is willing to stick a
knife in their back at o mo-
ment's notice.
For the rough and ready
person, this knowledge never
comes too late, but for the
sensitive soul it may stay
away too long. Then, the
holocaust.
The poet indicates that
both freedom and life are
not just gifts to us, but each
must be deserved.
The question is:
Are we deserving Of
freedom?
Whether we deserve life,
only God can answer, but
most Of us can give some
answer, small as 1t may be.
about freedom.
Do we deserve freedom, If
day by day we initiate COM
munism by compulsive fea-
lures in our own lives?
Do we look people In the
eye and demand they give
us money for their projects?
Do we proclaim them free,
but then compel them to do
what we want?
There is more than one
way Of deserving freedom,
but whatever road we take, it
will be by working at it, and
making it come true In &C
ton, not just In talk.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16

Richard A. Long deserves
an answer to his argument
that Virginia has no place
for splinter parties.
We have not been . two
party Nation throughout our
history. For at least brief
periods. late in the 18th
century and again around
1920, we were practically q
one-party country. In almost
every election since 1910
there have been three or more
parties on the ballot In many
States. Lincoln was first
elected In an election where
four men drew substantial
votes. and Woodrow Wilson
won In q three-party race In
1912.
The Republican Party was
q splinter" party In the
1850s. The Wing Party had
been such q group o few years
earlier. At different times
during our history the Prohi-
bition Party has played o
significant part. Though they
never came near to winning
q national election, the Pop
ulist Party of the late 10th
century put forth programs
which have with few excep-
tions become the law Of the
land. Their policies resulted
in railroad rate regulation,
antitrust laws. direct election
Of Senator'S, Federal income
tax, rural co-operatives such
as REA, public ownership
such as iva. wage and hour
laws. old-age assistance and
retirement under social secu-
rity.
Almost. all students Of
municipal government have
for many years advocated
disassociation Of local and
national issues. I believe that
events Of the last IS years
have tended to reduce the
force Of their arguments, but
some probably would decry
Federal intervention in prob
lens Of education, roadbuild-
ing or municipal planning on
q broad basis.
There has been too great
an absence Of contest in
Arlington politics. If In the
past there had been more
strife about coming. street
layouts, sidewalk building. fire
and police protection and
public transport. Arlington
might be almost as good a
place as Mr.. Long seems to
think it would be If only
third parties could be abol-
ished.
Charles L. Stout.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
The Greater Crime

ss Senator Mcclellan has instructed
the stan of his committee to prepare
special antitrust legislation" aimed at
criminal racketeering in unions which
control vital segments Of this Nations
transportation system.
There is not the slightest doubt
respecting the need for legislation such
as this. Testimony received by the
Mcclellan committee clearly shows that
assorted racketeers, many with criminal
records. are firmly entrenched in trans
portation unions, especially the Team
sters, and that they are busily plying
their criminal trade behind false front
Of unionism. Nor Is any new evidence
needed to establish the truth Of Sena-
tor McClellan's statement that 1t would
be calamitous to permit any further
strengthening Of the crooks and the
left-wingers who control these unions.
There is q greater crime, however,
than the collective shakedowns and
extortions practiced by the union Grim
inal element. And this greater crime
consists of the fact that there is almost
no;chance that Congress will adopt any
such legislation as that being urged by
the Arkansas Senator
This is not because Congress does
not know the facts or because the leg
islStors are under any illusions concern
ing the ability Of honest union leaders
tossclean out the thief-infested unions.
This cannot be done and will not be
done. On the contrary. the crooked
unions are likely to become relatively
stronger. But the leaders of legitimate
unions do not want to see the antitrust
laws invoked against even the racketeers
In the union family, and tirnid Con-
gress can be expected to bow to their
wishes.
This, In our opinion, is the greater
crime-a crime against the country on
the part of people from whom some
thing better should be expected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
Justice Is Blind

Justice is blind. according
to your May 8 editorial, be-
cause the Fourth Circuit
Court of Appeals has re-
versed Judge Hutcheson's
concession to the tacticians
OF dilatory lnaneuvering in
Prince Edward County. IN
wise, you say, for the Fourth
Circuit Court to order COM
pliance with desegregation
"in q county which has in
sisted that it will not inte-
crate its schools"
The Star Is now advocating
that compliance with the SUI
preme Court ruling should be
ordered only in those commu-
mites willing to accept it-be-
cause Of the deplorable alter
natives awaiting the collision
Of wills Of those seeking what
the law Is and those seek
ing to retain what the law
was.
The protracted refusal Of
the school board to initiate
any steps toward desegrega-
ton was specifically cited as
the reason for the Fourth Cir
cult Court accelerating the
order to comply. Aggravation
Of the county's already diff
ficult problem Is the direct
result Of the county attitude,
and for this result you con-
tend that justice Is blind.
The defiant pronouncements
and prolonged inactivity in
preparing for the solution Of
school desegregation adjust
ments are reflections Of an
attitude that currently holds
sway--given enough time, the
alteration Of integrated
schooling viii pass.
The Federal judiciary has
indicated many times that
time is an essential ingredi-
ent in effecting desegrega-
ton without the chaotic re-
percussions you foresee this
fall. Yet the communities
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16

nave permeated the anti
Strauss testimony before the
Senate committee. The truth
Is hard to come by, espe-
cially when half-truths and
generalities are the order Of
the day in such hearings.
A great advocate, q great
friend Of labor and the poor.
Clarence Darrow. once said:
None Of us knows what the
truth is. Truth is q chamel-
con. Just as you think you
have sprinkled salt on its
tail. 1t changes. We can never
fully grasp 1t or settle II for
ell time"
Certainly in this welter OF
words used against Admiral
Strauss it is difiicult to grasp
the truth. and certainly,
from the evidence. the adj
vantage Is with him.
Opposition Needs 50 Votes
II the full Senate member
ship is counted. the Demo-
Gratis must have so votes to
defeat Admiral Strauss con-
firmation in that chamber.
There are "a Republicans and
all Of them are expected TO
vote for the admiral. In
other words, the Democrats
must cast q total Of so votes
against. If he is to be con-
firmed. the admiral must
have ct least is Democratic
votes, which would create a
tie. A tie would be broken in
favor Of the appointee by the
Vice President. Three Demo-
cratic Senators have publicly
announced they viii vote for
him - Senators Pastore Of
Rhode Island. Thurmond Of
South Carolina and Chavez
Of New Mexico. 1t seems In
credible that Is more Demo-
Gratis win withhold their sup
port.
There are four Democratic
Senator's who are recognized
as strong potential candi-
dates for the Democratic
presidential nomination next
year - Senators johnson Of
Texas, majority leader: Ken
phrey Of Minnesota and
Symington Of Missouri. How
they vote on this nomination
will hold considerable politi-
cal interest. for this vote will
not be lightly forgotten, par
ticularly II it is negative.
Also, these Senator'S, If they
look forward to being Presi-
dent. may wonder how IL
would be If they were to send
nominations for cabin ct
posts to the Senate. and how
they would feel If the Senate
should turn them down.
Among the political issues
involved in the Strauss case
is that of public power. The
admiral has been considered
by the public power enthu-
siasts as an "anti" because
OF opposition to the use Of
Government funds to con-
struct atomic energy power
plants for domestic uses, and
because of his espousal Of the
Dixon-Yates contract. He will
be opposed by these Senators.
But not all Democrats are
public power enthusiasts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
Britain in Space

It comes as no surprise that Britain
has decided to get into the business of
exploring space. Other countries, such
as France, are likely to do the same in
due course. At the moment the field is
pretty much pre-empted by the Soviet
Union and the United States, but the
monopoly's days are clearly numbered.
This is as it should be. As matter
of fact, our Government is actively seek
Ing to promote international ,collabora-
ton In spatial ventures, and its offer
to cooperate accounts in part for the
Macmillan governments decision to send
q team of experts here to discuss plans
for Britain's first earth satellite, which
may weigh perhaps as much as 1000
pounds. aS
AS explained by Professor H. s. W.
Massey, chairman of the United King
dom's National Committee on Space Re-
search, the projected satellite, together
with others of similar type, will be
designed solely to gather scientific in
formation expanding mans knowledge
about such things as radiation and the
outer fringes of the atmosphere. Al
though the vehicle and It's instrumental
ton will be British-made, an American
missile probably viii be used to put it
into orbit. Later on, however, addi-
ticnal launchings will be carried out by
Britain's own rockets.
In thus undertaking to move into
space, the British are not seeking to rival
either us or the Russians. Undoubtedly
they have in mind factors of national
prestige, but their primary objective, as
highly advanced people, is to make
contributions of their own to spatial
science and technology. In DR.. Massey's
words, There is so much to study, so
much to see and do. There is plenty
Of work for several countries"
That is why our officials have been
quick to welcome the Macmillan govern
ment's affirmative response to our coun-
try's readiness to cooperate in such
work. The British certainly have much
to contribute in that respect, and our
collaboration with them is bound to be
mutually beneficial.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
Korea and Japan

The letter Of Press Coun-
selor Shimanouchi Of the
Japanese Embassy in refer
ence to Constantine Browns
column on the deportation
Of Korean residents in Japan
says that the deportation de-
cision is based on humans
tarianism.
It is no secret that Japan
has regarded them as un-
welcome aliens and sought
to get rid Of them by all pos
sible means. They have been
Disseminated against social
ly and economically, and
their consequent poverty has
made them easy prey for
Communist propaganda.
which has been supplied in
abundance.
The Com m unists have
been working to conjure up
by threats. bribery and false
promises the so-called list Of
persons who desire" to go
to North Korea. In such q
case, 1t cannot be argued
that the "desire" Of the Ko-
rean residents has any valid
basis whatsoever.
Japan knows as well as we
do that after the last "free-
dom" exercised they will be
put into Communist slavery
where there Is no freedom
at all. II humanitarianism
Is to mean such q thing, it
sounds shallow, empty and
even worse.
The government Of the Re-
public Of Korea. as the only
lawful government in Korea.
has the responsibility to pro-
tect the interests Of It's ma
tionals in Japan. It has
sought an agreement with
Japan on the status Of Ko-
rean residents which would
guarantee them q weli-de-
fined and respectable status
in the Japanese community.
It has also asked Japan to
compensate for their forced
labors during the war.
Engaged In q life-and-
death struggle with Commu-
mist Imperialism, Korea needs
every possible friend. Al
though our past relationship
has been nothing but unfor-
tunate. Korea wants Japan
to be q friend and good
neighbor.
On April 6, Foreign Minis
ter Che urged Japan TO stop
negotiating with the COM
munists and to return to the
Korea-Japan conferences Ia
bic in order to solve all the
issues between the two coun-
tries, including this particu-
lar question.
We are still awaiting ia
pans favorable reply to this
appeal from Korea.
Suk H. Yum,
First Secretary, Korean
Embassy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
FoIIs Church Schools

Obviously the majority plan
Of the Falls Church School
Board hopes to alleviate the
overcrowding at George Ma
son by creating the same
situation in the elementary
schools. It also seems that
the school board majority
position is contrary to pro-
fessional advice and educa-
tional dictum, which indicates
that the quality of education
cannot be sustained in large
groups. The basis Of the re-
port is concerned with eco
nomy and declining popula-
ton within the city. The pop
ulation forecast Of the
Northern Virginia Regional
Planning Commission" pre-
dicted our school population
for 1959-60 with some degree
Of accuracy several years ago,
certainly anticipating our
needs. On what are we basing
the figures Of declining popu-
lation in Falls Church and
at the same time construct
ing multi-dwellings in at least
two locations within the city?
The true source Of the
education dilemma In Falls
Church is the desire to set up
the city for annexation Of
neighboring areas. It is high
time that annexation ceases
to be the tail that wags the
dog-and we start to meet
the needs Of our present
community. We do not need
any more promised land to
be zoned commercial. Per-
haps the $4,000 item in the
city budget labeled for study
Of annexation could be more
wisely spent for maintenance
of our public school buildings
and might even pay for a
remedial teacher in the ele-
mentary grades.
Mrs. Jonathan u. Stoddart.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
@. What does the nautical
term Ito kedge" mean? Y.C.

@. What does the nautical
term ito kedge" mean? Y.C.
A. A kedge is a light an
Choir. ITO kedge" means to
move a vessel from one place
to another with the help Of
q kedge. The kedge with its
rope is carried out from the
vessel in a dinghy and let
go. The rope or cable is then
wound in on the vessels
windlass, and the vessel
moves toward the kedge. A
becalmed sailboat or a, boat
stuck on a bar or q vessel
maneuvering in q harbor may
be warped ahead in this way.
@. When did the Karelo-
Finnish Republic cease to be
q member Of the Union Of
Soviet Socialist Republics
(USSR) ?-D. D.
A. on July Is. 1855. the
Supreme Soviet voted to in
corporate the Karelo-Fin-
nish Republic Cat that time
one Of the 16 members Of the
USSR) as an, autonomous
republic within the Russian
republic. This reduced the
membership Of the USSR
to fifteen. An autonomous
republic in the USSR is
one inhabited chiefly by nom
Russian people and permit
ted self-government In local
affairs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16
A great quotation. Fl

a great QuoCaClon, from 3
great writer, Goethe:
This is Wisdom's last de-
cree: Freedom and life are
deserved only by conquering
them anew every day."
This is something we often
forget, maybe always forget.
Every generation has to
learn wisdom anew.
Freedom is not something
handed down to us by brave
grandfathers only.
It is something we have to
fight to retain, day by day.
We are beginning to under
stand this in the senseless
cold war.
But life, too. must be de-
served every day by keeping
it glowing every day. This
is more than physical, 1t is
a combination Of great quail
tiles.
The smallest child can be
taught, in a small way, to
guard its life In traffic.
Tiny tots, as the phrase
used to have it, can be told
to stay on one side Of the
street, and not to dart across.
This they learn so well that
now and then one of them
lectures an elder seen walk
ing in the middle Of the
street in even the quietest
suburban neighborhood.
\ 4 \ Il
Freedom must be guarded
from Its enemies.
Life must be protected
both from itself and its null
titude Of enemies, some of
them inherent In its own
nature.
If we stop to think about
it, Goethe put the thing
rather strangely by speak
ing, not Of overcoming, but
Of conquering.
Both life and freedom, in
his view, are things to be
conquered, and this day by
day, not once several CEN
turtles ago.
The trouble with life, as
a thing and quality, is that 1t
is so hard for lis to think Of
it as ending. We stand alert,
feeling well, and wondering
what we can do next, when
all the time some invisible
bug" Is waiting Tor US right
around the corner, and we
will run right into it unless
we take the trouble to side
step in time.
4 = \ 4
The theme, then, Is az.
erosion.
Another flne mind, that Of
Sigmund Freud. thought that
children today are not taught
enough the place Of agrees
sion in everyday life.
They know about organ
lied aggression, in the form
of wars. but they seldom
hear of the day-by-day ag-
gression Of other people
against them.
Life is smoothed down for
them, so they enter business
or other work only to md
that the fellow at the next
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16

Nl9HtHiuFSA
Montgomery County zon-
ing requests which, If APP
proved, would encoura &c
construction Of a proposed
satellite city" near Redland,
should arouse serious con-
Germ of taxpayers and re-
sponsible public officials.
Proponents suggest that
sewer facilities already au-
thorized will encourage a
disorderly development Of
this area by present home
and farm owners and that
the public will be better
served by the syndicate plan.
There Is more than one
way Of dipping into the pub
lie trough.
A satellite" expert pur-
chases a modest farm at
bargain price. He calls in
his planners and publicity
experts, and, almost over
night, the radio and news
papers are telling about the
logical advantages Of a
dream city" Schools,
churches and parks are gen.
erously provided for in this
model community. That is,
If someone comes up with
the necessary funds to &C
quire the site and complete
the necessary buildings, etc.
Apartment houses, light
industrial and commercial
coming would be suggested
for appropriate areas in the
larger master plan" for our
dream city. We might see
a master plan covering thou
sands of acres. but public
records would indicate that
our satellite" expert owns
only a very small percentage
of the land embraced by his
master PLAN" Further re-
search would reveal that
many home and farm owners
in the larger area Of the
master plan" have no in
tention Of selling their prop
erty. How. then, can we ac-
cept this dream city" as any
thing more than a pipe
dream? viii the ultimate
cost to the taxpayers fade
away as easily as the fantasy
Of q dream at the first full
light of day?
Rain water and melting
winter SHOWS will seek q low
er level: water cannot find
storage in the soil when that
soil has been covered with
rooftops, driveways, side
walks and streets, and this
tremendous volume Of run
on water cannot go down the
normal channel Of Rock
Greek, which already is over
flowing after normal rain
storms.
I predict the taxpayers of
Montgomery County and the
District will pay millions Of
dollars for ood-control prof.
ects and flood damage as q
result of this brand Of mod
el planning"
william ii. Romack, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-16

complex new business Of urban renewal.
AS q champion Of the housing causes Of
low-income groups, VIVA has exerted q
constant force to balance the commu-
nity's interests. In observing Its 25th
anniversary this week, the organize
ton deserves congratulations. and best
wishes for continued success in the
future.