davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-11-15

clear that they were not going to
be satisfied with half a loaf.
In the waning days of Congress
last summer, several proposals
calling for new changes in the
military command set-up were
advanced.
Senator Engle, California DEM
ocrat, urged a merger of all three
services. A House committee pro-
posed remerging the Army and Air
Force. Another plan suggested
dlvesting the Joint Chiefs of Staff
of their service commands.
Given impetus by continued
Soviet space and rocketry sue
cesses, these proposals and others
foreshadow lively new hearings on
defense organization after Cen
gresS returns in January.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
On Responsibility

The outspoken Navy man also
had a word for those who would
strip the Joint Chiefs of their re-
sponsibility for the military readi-
ness Of their services and the
execution of the plans and pro-
grams they draw up.
when a man is responsible for
the results of his plans-when he
personally has to see that they
work-(they) are more thorough
ly thought through. That Is
why the people who rig para.
chutes have to Jump with them.
Believe me, they fold all their
parachutes WELL" he declared.
On the matter of big-bomb de-
fense strategy, Gen. Maxwell D.
Taylor, former Army Chief Of
Staff, is laying it on the line in
more critical terms than Admiral
Burke has ever used-publicly. In
a series of Look magazine articles
taken from his forthcoming book,
1.-THE Uncertain Trumpet" the
General asserted: .r5s
Massive retaliation has been Q
massive failure as an all-purpose
military strategy.
"As a result of this policy, we
have lost our ability to react swift
ly and effectively to the most likely
form of military challenge-lim-
tied war;"
In his plea for better limited
war forces, Gen. Taylor's candi-
date for leadership was, quite nat.
urally, the Strategic Army Com.
mand.
Gen. Randolph McC. Pate, re-
firing Commandant of the Marine
Corps, last Tuesday volunteered
another candidate: The Marine.
Navy amphibious forces. Such
forces, he said, were cheaper. fast
er, more effective and less provoc-
ative than the Army-Air Force
fixed or continental" method Of
large overseas bases and big air.
lifts.
Thus, the never-ending battle
for budget dollars and roles and
missions goes on in the military
services.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Britain to Join

In addition, Britain has prom
ised to join with the Western
European Union, comprised of
the same six nations, in consulta-
tions on political subjects Mr..
Couve de Murville is said to have
assured Mr.. Lloyd that such CO.
operation would be possible with
out in any way weakening the
larger interests of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization, to
which all the nations concerned
belong.
The extent of Gen. de Gaulle'S
victory was evident in the agree
ment that. in the forthcoming
summit conference, the West
should insist that disarmament
be the major item on the agenda
This point had been stressed by
Mr.. Adenauer in previous COM
ments on the summit talks. and
Gen. de Gaulle had backed the
German chancellor's stand. In
addition, the British Foreign
Secretary accepted the De Gaulle
suggestions that the Western
neads-of-state meet not once but
Evening star., 1959-11-15

uled to visit Paris on March Is,
and possibly to remain in France
for the ensuing two weeks, there
remained no doubt that Gen. de
Gaulle and West Germanys Chan
cellor Adenauer had succeeded, al
most without effort. in delaying
the summit conference for many
months. Next month Mr.. Eisen-
hover departs for his sweeping
tour of II capitals; in January
the President will have a recon-
vened Congress to attend 10. Thus
a summit meeting before late
April, or even May or June, ap-
pears to be impossible.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Kennedy Scores

The Vice President graciously
referred to Mr.. Rockefeller as a
formidable national figure" but
chided him indirectly when he
said that persons who called for
resumption of nuclear weapons
tests are ignorant of the facts
necessary to reach the right
decision.
Senator John F. Kennedy of
Massachusetts,, now the leading
Democratic aspirant, last week
wound up four-day tour of Ore
gon and spent several days in Wis
consin, State believed to be
wrapped up for Senator Hubert H.
Humphrey of Minnesota.
The Bostonian was we'll re-
ceived in both States as he said
the new labor reform bill, which
he helped forge, was "still unsat-
isfactory" and called for 80 or 40
years of Democratic rule in order
to solve the problem of our re-
lations with the Soviet Union.
Senator Humphrey, who earlier
In the week had been denouncing
the Eisenhower administration
farm plans in South Dakota, fol-
lowed Mr.. Kennedy into Wisconsin.
Still another Democratic Sena-
tor. Stuart Symington of Missouri,
was on the campaign trail-not as
an avowed candidate, of course.
Mr.. Symington, who has been
known as one-issue man
national defense-offered his own
farm program while on tour in
California.
Not much was being heard di-
rectly from the fourth presiden-
tial candidate among the Demo-
cratic Senators, Lyndon johnson.
But reports from his home State
say that the formation of john
son-for-President clubs is spread
ing across Texas like a prairie
fire. Obviously, it will have to
spread lot farther that that if
Mr.. johnson is to become a seri-
GUS contender.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Accord Essential

The French British under
standing" is viewed as extremely
important, particularly as an es-
sential accord before a meeting
with Mr.. Khrushchev. Significant
ly in the light of recent economic
developments in Europe, the ac-
cord between Mr.. Lloyd and Gen.
de Gaulle did much to de-empha-
size the growing economic rivalry
between the two nations attendant
on the implementation of the
European Common Market, to
which Britain does not adhere.
The nations outside the six
nation Common Market have
been increasingly fearful that
high tariffs would increasingly
raise barriers to British trade
with the continent. BY the terms
of the understanding, France is
Evening star., 1959-11-15

Jersey, Wisconsin and the Pacific
Northwest are the chief producers.
But the deepest cranberry bog
in the Nation today is located right
here in the Capital and Health
Secretary Arthur S. Flemming is
up to his neck in it.
The Secretary set of a pre-
Thanksgiving Day furore over the
cranberry CROPS it tainted or
amt it?-last Monday when he
warned that traces of aminotria-
zole, weed-killer said to produce
thyroid cancer in rats, had been
found on some of the harvest from
Oregon and the State of Wash
ington.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Defense:
Argument

During the debate preceding
passage Of the Defense Reorgan-
ization Act of 1858, a powerful
minority sought a complete mer-
ger of the armed services and ap-
pointment of a single chief Of
staff.
They contended that the Eisen-
hover plan for streamlining the
chain of combat command. which
was adopted almost in toto, did
not go far enough.
This group, rejecting the views
Of many high-ranking Air Force
and some Army officers, made it
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Berries
and Politics

The cranberry, that delightful
olo North American fruit, was
known to the Indians long before
the white man came. They called
1t "sassamanesh" and used it for
a variety Of purposes: AS a food,
as a dye for their rugs and to
draw poison from arrow wounds.
When the Pilgrims landed they
quickly discovered the tart red
berries-f1rst called crane ber-
ries"-and, it is said, included
them on the first Thanksgiving
Day menu. They have been on it
ever since. Massachusetts,, New
Evening star., 1959-11-15
On Political Menu

Meanwhile, with the presiden-
tial nomination campaign heat
ing up, the cranberry was tenn
porarily replacing apple sauce on
the political menu.
Vice President Nixon eagerly
gulped four helpings of cranberry
sauce at a Wisconsin Rapids din
ner. Senator Kennedy got into
the act, too. He was photographed
drinking cranberry Juice, also in
Wisconsin. Mr.. Nixon remained
publicly unperturbed last night
when he found out contaminated
berries were found from the area
in which he had eaten.
The Nixon-Kennedy perform
ances really put the pressure on
Gov. Rockefeller. On a visit
to Oregon, whose berries figured
Evening star., 1959-11-15

to work within the Common
Market for a liberal tariff policy
toward -member states. In
return, Britain has pledged recog-
milton of the six-nation CO.
operation as basis for political
as well as economic unity, includ-
ing West Germany, in a balanced
Western European community.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
An Early Taste Of the 1860 Campaign

One might have thought It was
the week before the Presidential
election, the campaign oratory was
90 heavy.
The torrent Of words on domes-
tic and international issues came
from five candidates who were
orbiting the country in search of
support.
Some Of these men would insist
that the label candidate" is pre-
mature. Nevertheless, 1t is clear
that each wants to be his party's
standard-bearer in 1860. And with
the conventions just eight months
away, each is turning on the speed.
California held the center of
the stage. for the most part, last
week as one Democratic and one
Republican aspirant toured the
State. There was plenty of activ-
ity in Wisconsin, New Hampshire,
Indiana, South Dakota and Texas,
too.
The highlight, however, was
the invasion by Gov. Nelson A.
Rockefeller of Vice President Nix
on's home grounds. The New
Yorker is regarded as Mr.. Nix
on's chief land only opposition
for the G. o. P. nomination.
Before heading for the Golden
West, the Governor offered an
imaginative Six-point Federal pro-
gram he said would: Raise
the average family income rs
per cent to $11,400 a year by
1870; cut national, State and Fed
eral taxes is per cent in the same
period and increase Government
services so per cent.
His proposals brought mixed re-
actions. Labor and the liberals
liked most of it, but conservatives
gagged on the Rockefeller idea Of
more and more Government
services.
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Spanish Air Bases

But strategic considerations of
the cold war brought a major
change in the attitude of the
United States during the Truman
administra tion. Arrangements
were made then for the construc-
ton of four American air bases
in Spain, deemed essential to the
deterrent" policy pursued by for
mer Secretary of State Dean
Acheson and by his successor, the
late John Foster Dulles.
These Spanish bases, now COM
Continued on Page B-4
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Advises Check

He advised housewives not to
serve cranberries until a check
could be made of berries from all
sections of the country.
Coming fortnight before the
holiday, when 80 per cent of the
Evening star., 1959-11-15
Navy Counterottocks

The Navy, which feels that
prompt decisions by civilian Off
cials and adequate funding of
Evening star., 1959-11-15

in the furore, Gov. Rockefeller
showed he could gamble with the
best of them. He promptly told
reporters he expected to eat some
cranberries.
Milford chronicle., 1959-02-20
QUICK TRIP

OKEMAH. Okla. (Pl-Sheriff e.
L. Jeter spent weeks talking about
and preparing for a deer hunting
trip to Colorado.
1t took him two days to get to
the hunting grounds and consider
able time fixing up his camp.
Finally ready to hunt, he walked
20C yards. saw deer. and felled
1t. Another deer jumped up. and he
shot II. too. So--it took him less
tlian Is minutes to get his limit.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23

to Governor Coleman as to what,
in his opinion, would the action
have on international relations,
etc. Without a moments hesita-
ton the Governor replied that he
didn't give such a matter any
thought whatsoever.
And that was our answer! If
the leader of the state wasn't con-
cerned, why should we worry a.
bout it?
But now comes something new
from one of those foreign places.
This time the people of Indonesia
are running off at the typewriter.
Under the head Little Rock
Reverberates In Indonesia", the
following was called to our at
tention:
ALI the good will created here
by u. S. financial aid. education
al grants and democratic propa-
ganda has been wiped out by the
refusal of Gov. Orval Faubus of
Arkansas to abide by the SUI
preme Courts order to integrate
public schools. One Indonesian
commentator declares that Eau
bus is more of a traitor TO the
American cause than were the
men who sold atomic secrets TO
Russia. All Indonesia is asking:
How can colored Asia expect
Y m p a by and understanding
fro m America when colored
Americans are treated as second
class citizens?" Writes the editor
of the Times of Indonesia: THE
issue of equal rights for Negroes
makes it appear that the U. S.
is a racist state like South At
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23

to undo good relations than count
less dollars could do to bring a.
bout good relations.
Our first impulse was to send
the letter to "Our Gem, in the
hope that America would re-
place such a man with one who
understood our way of life.
However, being broadminded and
forgiving, we hesitated to do so.
Besides, "Our Gem" seems pretty
busy with getting Federal Aid
for cotton farmers.
Had that been the only letter
we'd received the whole matter
could have been dismissed. But
to our horror we received let
tiers from Sweden, Germany,
France and England. 1t ceased to
be a matter which we could ig-
more, being a good Dixiecrat.
Finally, we viewed a television
panel discussion one evening and
got the answer to our prayer, so
to speak. Just after Mr.. Eisen-
hover Ga Republican, as you
know sent those Northern troops
into Little Rock on the pretense
of maintaining law and order
there gathered on television Gov
ernor Coleman, ''Our Gem, and
J. Bell Williams (Iis Honor Judge
Brady, was absent.) to discuss the
shocking action of that Republi-
can fellow in Washington. In the
discussion the question was put
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23
THE WORLD OF NATURE
John NJ. Frazier. Conservstionjst
Mississippi Southern College

RIGA. bereft of any hope for pro-
gress. Little Rock concentrates
so much of the limelight on itself
as to black out the advances made
elsewhere. We are unimpressed
by American pontifications on de-
mocracy. We want proof that
preachments square with practice.
and that proof is not forthcoming
-. Americans in Indonesia who
feel that their protestations about
democracy and race equality are
not well received should not
blame us but people like Gov.
Faubus. He is the Niger in the
woodpile. not we."
How disgusting! Them fur
riners are trying to put the blame
on Maine. They won't accept any
responsibility.
It would most certainly seem
that our Embassy officials have
been brainwashed or something.
After all, these foreigners seem
to know from nothing about our
way Of life!
HelPs bells, they don't buy
enough cotton to cause us any
concern. We would, therefore, adj
wise anyone to follow the example
of the Governor give no
thought to such stuff -.
lI/27/57
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23
THEM FURRINERS =
j, How Much Cotton Do They Buy?

Several months ago we had a
letter from the American En-
bassy in Bangkok in which a
newspaper story was enclosed
telling of the bombings in Mont
gomery. The letter asked of U.S.:
"How can you explain this to
your readers?" In itself that was
near treason, but the Embassy
official continued to point out
that we were, as a Nation, spend
ing billions selling Democracy,
and just one such story did more
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23


There are many ways by which
nature cooperates to insure suf-
ficient food for man and beast.
AS the population of man in
creases on the earth the demand
for food and fiber increases. Man
hsa had to abandon primitive
methods of producing his food
supply and take on modern scien-
tific and more efficient means.
But this does not mean he has to
abandon the natural processes
that have been in operation for
many millinia. Al
The best method for producing
abundant supplies is often the
simple process of cooperation with
nature. We can produce abundant
crops in spite of many hazards.
While the hazards are a part Of
nature, nature can be directed or
managed to cooperate with our
plans.
Among the forces that deter
mine whether our crops yield a.
bundant or scant harvests are
weather, including drought, flood,
excessive heat or cold; favorable
conditions for plant diseases, and
insect enemies. "a
1t has been estimated that in
sects take a toll of at least one
tenth of all the food, fiber, and
other items man produces by
growing plants. Out of every 100
bushels of grain we produce, in
sects have already taken 10 BUSH
els before storage. The same is
true for cotton, which is still the
leading crop of the Southeastern
States. The same is true for stock
feed, fruits and vegetables.
AS a result of the pressure ON
our crops by their insect enemies
we have to use counter measures
to prevent explosive outbreaks
of these enemies that could do
far more damage. We, therefore,
resort to the artificial, or man
made devices of using sprays,
dust, or other chemicals to sup
press these enemies.
Nature stands by, ready to help
when we allow the opportunity.
Insects in particular can be sup
pressed by the millions of birds
that await an opportunity. There
are. at least 400 species Of birds
that may be seen at some season
of the year in the Southeast. OF
this number, at least $50 species
are relatively common. More than
so percent of these are regarded
as beneficial in one way or an
other to man.
The chief use of birds as a group
to man is economic. The chief
economic value is through THEN.
control of insects.
Other values are aesthetic and
recreational. 1T is difficult to eva1-
uate birds from the aesthetic
point of view The gorgeous coli
ored pIunages of many species
and the clear wlIistang notes add
aa il1c8lculabla value to tile land
scape Tney 5ling forth inspira-
ton and contentment at once. :
When insects are abundant. the
birds are nesting and feeding
their young All the family lives
chiefly on insects OF this time.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1959-04-23

THE PETAL PAPER: Printed on Thurs
day 81 each week BY THE ADVERTISER
PUBLISHING Co. Pasea gouia, Miss
Published by East Publications Co, Box
549. HattiesaUgg. ATiss.
Entered as second class matter at thu
Post Office at Petal, Mississippi, under
Act OF March s, 1879
RE ENTERED AT PASCAGOULA. MISS,
RETURN FORMS 3579 TO: THE PET
Al PAPER, BOX 349, HATTIESBURG,
MISS
P. D. East Editor & Publisher
SUBSCRIPTIONS
Six Months $500 u
Per Year ....,...... $500 1
Evening star., 1959-12-06

control "out Of narrow parti-
san politics." Mr.. Butler re-
piled:
"As the father of five chill
dren. I would say yes"
The chairman added that as
far as he was concerned, the
birth control controversy had
been removed as a campaign
issue.
Earlier, former President
Truman expressed the opinion
that birth control is "a false
issue-so far as the presidency
is concerned"
Mr.. Truman was asked spe-
officially whether the issue
would affect the presidential
chances of Senator Kennedy of
Massachusetts, considered a
contender for the Democratic
presidential nomination.
why should it?" Mr.. Tru-
man asked. "It's a false issue
to begin with so far as the
presidency is concerned. II
has nothing to do with it."
j The Roman Catholic hierar-
Evening star., 1959-12-06
School Principal Fired
After Publishing Novel

Greg Rogers, a soldier in ia
pan and the Philippines. is a
teacher at a school for depend
ents of Air Force families in
Japan. Rogers is discharged
because Of opposition to his
teaching methods. his marking
system and his philosophy Of
teacher-pupil relations in the
area Of discipline.
Expounds Philosophy
Mr.. Wollenburg said he hac
heard comments in Whitehall
that his book was immora
and so forth, which I don't be.
lieve it was" The book. he ex'
planned, expounded the philos'
ophy that education should bt
based on a firm, positive rela'
ton between the school anC
the pupil, which is basically
love and all the elements which
would make it up, including
Evening star., 1959-12-06

WHITEHALL. Wis, Dec. S
(AP).-A high school principal
who wrote a novel about !
teacher who is fired said today
he got the same treatment
himself.
Arlyn Wollenburg. principal
Of Whitehall High School since
last August, said he had re-
signed by request of the schoo
board. The board president, Dr.
E. o. WILDER, said Mr.. Wollen-
burg's work as principal anC
teacher of chemistry and phys
les was unsatisfactory, but
John F. Brown. superintendent
Of schools, indicated that Mr.
Wollenburg's novel was part oi
the cause Of his dismissal.
Mr.. Wollenburg, 80, is the
author of "Sumida," published
in New York under the pen
name of Wallen Burgh. The
principal character in the book
Evening star., 1959-12-06
Birth Control
Stand Backed

NEW YORK, Dec. S (AP)-
Democratic National Chairman
Paul NJ. Butler said today he
agreed with President Eisen-
hover on the birth control
issue.
The President has taken the
position that it is up to private
agencies, not the Government
to furnish whatever informa-
ton underdeveloped. overpopu-
lated countries might request
on birth control.
Mr.. Butler. a Catholic, tolc
a news conference that he be-
lieves the Democratic Party
will pursue a policy that We
are not in a position to tel
other people what to do" about
birth control.
Asked if he were taking birth
Evening star., 1959-12-06

one after the other, have failed
to end waste Of American man
power, waste Of talent, and
waste of billions of dollars
Only by sweeping away the old,
outmoded ideas can we secure
the truly effective defense es-
tablishment which, in this space
age, is needed to insure our very
survival"
Mr.. Kowalski suggested that
a wholly new concept Of de-
fense should be based on "ab-
Solute civilian control Of a uni
fed defense establishment, un-
der a civilian secretary of de-
fense. who would be in actual
command, subject only to the
President as commander in
chief"
Given proper authority, he
added, the Secretary of De-
fenSe could do a much more eff
fective job than will ever be
possible under the cumber-
some Joint Chiefs of Staff sys-
Evening star., 1959-12-06

respect for ones fellow man,
understanding, self : discipline
and all the other attitudes that
would make human relations
possible.
Under this concept Of love
the teacher would be the guide
or helper Of the student to at
tain that which the student
likes, wants and needs to know
so that he might take his part
in our total society or COM
munity."
Sells Books to Pupils
Mr.. Wollenburg said he was
trying to put this philosophy
into his teaching but didn't
get cooperation in the initial
faculty meeting"
He said he had sold about
40 Of his books to his pupils
here.
A native of Fond Du Lac
County, Wis, and a World Wal
III veteran, Mr.. Wollenburg
holds a masters degree from
the university of Wisconsin
and has studied for his doc
torate at Michigan State Uni
versity. He began teaching ir
1946.
Evening star., 1959-12-06
Chiefs Of Staff
System Hit

Absolute civilian control oi
a fully unified defense estab-
lishment was urged yesterday
by Representative Kowalski
Democrat Of Connecticut, a
retired Army colonel. AS a
starter he proposed putting al
missile programs under a single
control.
Mr.. Kowalski, a frequent
critic Of administration defense
policies and practices, wrote
new Defense Secretary Gates
urging that he advocate a "real
full unification of our military
services" and added:
Reorganization programs
Evening star., 1959-12-06

tenn which we now have, or any
other chief Of staff arrange
ment."
Mr.. Kowalski said separate,
competing services must be
eliminated and a single defense
force set up along functional
lines. This, he continued, would
put an end to duplication Of
effort and cost.
Evening star., 1959-12-06
Arlington to See
Film About Birds

"The Living Marsh anc
Shore" a film about birds, will
be exhibited at 8 pm. Wednes-
day at the Neighborhood House
r o c K Spring Congregation
Church, Arlington.
The film was made by Ralph
Lawrence, nationally knowr
bird photographer.
Evening star., 1959-12-06
THE SUNDAY STAR B-5
Woshinston, D. c. TT
December 6, 1859

chy In the United States re-
Gently issued a statement op-
posing the use Of American
foreign aid funds for artificial
birth control. Senator Kennedy
is a Catholic.