davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

to the states to be ratified in state
conventions Nine states must ratify
before it would become law.
The states ratified in the follow
ing order. Delaware. December D,
1887. PENNSYLVANIA, December u.
1887; New Jersey, December lS,
1887; Georgia. January 2, 1888
Connecticut, January 9. 1888
Massachusetts, February Z, 1888
Maryland April 81, 1888; South
Carolina, May %, 1883, New Hamp-
shire, June. 1893; Virginia. June ..
1888 1919; New York, July 26,
1893 i30-27' Rhode Island and
North Carolina did not ratify until
after It went into operation June
81, 1888. the Constitution became the
law of the land Ratification in
some states, such as Massachusetts.
Virginia and New York Was holly
contested and makes a very inter
esting study
Detailed information concerning
the actual discussions and debates
during the Constitutional Conven-
ton were not available until James
Madison's full and systematic notes
were made public after His death
in 1886. They were sold by his
widow TO the Yern IN Ii for
$50 900.
We, The People
AS you remember the Preamble
begins We, the peop e Of the
United States" Note well this open
ing expression. We. the people
not the states. nor people a. in-
habitants of the states. bit people
Of the United States. Daniel Web-
ster said. 1T is the peoples Con
Stltutioa, the peoples government.
made fol- the people. made by tla
people; and answe. able to u.2
people,.
Nov let v look carefully at the
six reasons given for me Constr
tutioa we, the people Of tlte
OiIiEu DldlIN 4 44l VI lti ~ 43I TIKI
a more perfect Union. ? establish
Justice, 3 insure domestic tran-
quillity. "a provide for the common
defense, Is promote the general
welfare. s and secure the bless
ings Of liberty to ourselves and OUT
posteritv. do ordain and establish
This Constitutiol fol- the Un.ied
States Of America
Article /, Section | Of tha Coastl-
tuition reads as follows
All legislalir powers hcr b
granted shall he vested in 4 Con-
gress Of tho United States. which
Shall consist Of 4 Senate and Hone
Of Representative,
Article II Section I reads in part
as follows
THE executive power saAls be
vested III a President Of thu Un-i 1
States Of America
Article III. Section | read- W toI-
lows:
Thc judicial power os the vusred
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

As many as 600 amendments have
been proposed since the Constitution
was adopted with only % becoming
law.
What the Constitution Means to You
The National Defense Committee
Of the OAR makes the C0nsti-
tuition very personal il this listing
entitled Nv ha t the Constitution
Means to You"
1t establishes for you a stable and
responsible government
1t makes you a citizen Of the
United States if native born.
II gives you citizenship, if foreign
born, on complying with liberal
naturalization laws
1t allows you a voice in the gov
eminent through officials whom yoa
help to elect.
1t guarantees you life. liberty and
the pursuit OF happiness.
1t defends your rights even
against the government itself
1t makes you equal with all men
before the law
It confirms your religious freedom
and liberty of conscience,
1t accords you free lawful speech
1t guarantees You together with
all people the right of peaceable as
sembly.
1t permits you to petition the GOV
eminent to right your wrongs.
1t guards your property rights
1t prohibits the government from
taking your property without due
process Of law
It lets you hold any office IA the
nation for which YOU are Qualified
4 1t enables You to become a citi-
zen Of any state.
! It prevents you from being held 70
answer to a complaint unless VOL
have been lawfully accused
It insures your right of trial BY
jury Of your fellow men.
1t grants YOU the right Of hahaas
4 corpus. that is The right of Know Why
YOU are held q prisoner.
4 II assures you 4 speedy tfial
! 1t permits yor having counsel
i for defense
It prevents Your being tiled again
i if once acquitted
\ It permits YOU To have 4 trial Ill
the state and district II which you
may be charged With M offanse
against the law.
It lends you the power Of govern
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

were chosen by the states, IS Of
these attended some of the sessions.
with 30 as the average attendance
Much could be said of the dele
Gates individually and collectively
One half of them were college
graduates. 80 We're former mem
bers OF Congress 8 We're slgners
of the Declaration of Independence.
II We're veterans of the Revolution
airy War. had been governors of
states. had aided in framing state
constitutions. and 81 were lawyers
Forty two was the average age.
Albert j. Beveridge. an eminent
United States Senator from indiana
says Of the members Of the Con
stltutional Convention:
The American system was de-
vised by the ablest group of men
who ever appeared at the same
time in the same country through
out the history of the world"
The Convention met in Indepen-
dence Hall in Philadelphia May Is.
1887 fol its organizational meeting
George Washington was elected
president of the Convention and
William Jackson. secretary
Three important standing rules
We're made. each state was to
have one vote. seven states would
constitute a quorum. and the ses-
sions would be held III secret.
Outside the full meetings. the
Convention functioned through three
committees. namely committee of
the whole: committee Of detail. and
committee of style.
On May %. John Randolph sub
.nltted the Virginia plan, known as
the large state plan. The same day
South Carolina submitted a plan
which was unofficial and not taken
TOO seriously
Alexander Hamilton of New York
submitted a plan for a strong cen
tral government with states as PROV
Gces.
June ID. Patterson of New Jersey
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08
Worshans Oreretta
To Be Given Friday

The Man With the Crooked
Nose, two-act operetta, will be
presented tonight Friday at Wor-
Sham School at pm
Mrs Charles Vail, school N usic
supervisor. VIII direct the costumed
performance by children from all
the elementary grades A small adj
mission charge will be made.
ment 70 compel witnesses to appear
On your behalf
II relieves YOU from compulsion
70 testify against yourself
1t forbids excessive bail.
Ii forbds excessive fines or cruel
punishment.
Il protects you from slavery in
any form
II keeps any state from deprit-ing
YOU Of your constitutional rights
1t sanctions your bearing arms
for the protection Of your life and
home.
It secures your home from search
except by lawful warrant.
II guarantees YOU that the legal
obligation Of contracts shall not BE-
impaired
Il permits You 10 participate in
amending the Constitution from
time 70 time.
Dangers Now Threatening
From many source : we are
warned af the dangers row threat
ening our Constitution Clarence
Manion in his very fine book. The
Key NJ Peace sounds this warn
Ing loud and clear He urges "a re-
educating of the people in the essen
TALLY Of maintaining and strength
ening limitations upon government
III the interest of preserving neces-
aai'y human freedom.
The il \ d now, says NJ
Mapian " Is not for new concerts
fresh approaches and 'improvisa-
tons III the cause Of peace and
unity. The need now is for reds
covery aad renewed understanding
Of the true and tried principles OF
AmeNca. Ill the strange and stfik
ing record of our country dhis
precious Gem Of human understand-
ine les buried. Let rs die here and
nov sol the suoSle secret Of l116-
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

Limitations on powers Of govern
ment is a fundamental principle OF
American Constitutionalism This is
che marked difference between
American government and English
government. The people are the
source Of all government auth
GRITTY says Mr. Everett p Wilson
It is noted that the word "sover
eighty is not found in the Consti-
tuition or Declaration of Indepen
dence1
Beck in his The Constitution of
the United States says: This
conception Of individuallsm enforced
in courts of law against executives
and legislatures was wholly new and
is the distinguishing feature Of
American Constitutionalism
Natural Rights of Man
The idea that man has rights
behind and beyond the written law
is peculiar to us The doctrine that
there are certain cardinal or natural
llS,ltlN " lildil " lIlSll liz SoN1l LILLY III
ought to violate and which ours can
not is peculiar to us Of the United
States, says Thomas M Cooley, an
eminent authority on the Constitu-
ton. Gerstenberg in American
Constitutional Law says. THE due
process clauses are the most impor-
tant and most comprehensive pro
visions in the Constitution
The most noticeable defect in the
Constitution was the omission Of a
Bill of Rights Hence within two
years after its acceptance. ten
amendments, known as the Bill of
Rights. drawn up by George Mason
Of Virginia, were adopted and be
came law Besides the ten freedoms
listed. Munroe in his Government
Of the United States lists Is safe
guards Of the rights Of citizeps in
cluded in these ten amendments
The 18th amendment. adopted in
1898. restricts judicial power
The 18th amendment. ador ted in
1904 deals with method Of election
Of the president by the electors,
The 18th amendment, adopted in
1865. abolished slavery
The l4th amendment, adopted in
1863. deals with rights Of citizens
The 18th amendment adopted in
1870 has to do with voting rights
The 18th amendment, adopted in
1919 concerns income tax authori
eaton
The 18th amendment, adopted in
1918. provides that Senator'S shall
be elected by the people
The 18th amendment. adopted in
1919 brought about prohibition
The 18th amendment adopted in
1929 deals with woman suffrage.
The 10th amendement, adopted in
lq33 changed the date for term Of
office Of President and Vice Presi-
dent
The 21st amendment. adopted in
1898, repealed the prohibition law
The 22nd amendment, adopted in
1881 limits the presidential term Of
office 10 two terms
he 22nd amendment is the only
! one adopted By state conventions.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

States shall be vested i'll one SUI
preme Court and in such inferior
courts as the Congress may from
time TO time orfiain and establish.
Each Of these three divisions Of
the government Is Of equal rank
with the other two However the
judicial department stands apart
from each Of the others because Of
its function Of rendering decisions
on cases set before it,
4 Associate Supreme Court Justice
Story in his Familiar Exposition
Of the Constitution of the United
States says, The first thing that
strikes us. upon the slightest survey
Of the National Constitution, is that
its structure contains a fundanen-
tal separation Of the three great
departments Of government. the
legislative, the executive ard jul
dicial The existence Of these three
departments has always been found
indispensable to due energy and
stability in government. Their sepa
ration has a way been found
equally Indispensable for the pres
ervation Of public liberty and pri-
Vate rights
States Rights
Article IN preserves states rights
James Madison, in The Fedora
l;..+ ga HI. ..rT7h, ,,,Y,A,.s ,{,l1ra+4I
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-08

Editors Note: The following talk
on the constitution has been deIiv-
cred on several occasions BY Mrs.
". W. NeCliniic. |. was given 10
the t,dith Randolph Chapter OF The
OAR Oh September 49, 1855 and two
days lattf Was read over radio sta
iion WHO. On February II, 1853,
II Was delivered by Mrs. NcClintic
~ the American Legion Auxiliary.
h.s Interesting sketch of the Con
s.iiuiien IS given BY one who IS inl-
nenesiiiN qualified TO speak for this
community. Her activities are many
ard she was chosen the Woman oi
The Year for 1856" search put on
by The Business ard Professional
Nonafs Cluh OF Farnle;lle.)
All Of our lives W. have felt sa-
cure i'll the protection given US BY
our government which carried out
The mandates Of our Constitution.
There has come to us recently
something Of a feeling Of insecurity
because OF some actions of our Sill
prene Court So it seems a good
time r. take a look at our Consti-
intlen in order 70 refresh our memo
fles a7 to the circumstances under
which it was written. The men who
WlotH 10 its contents and meaning
for us.
Yo8 Will remember that following
the Re .ol{itic4ary War, in which We
canned qua Independence from Eng
land Tie country was governed
.undee 10 Articles Of Confedera-
ton
Under these Articles conditions in
the country became steadily worse
Twice the Second Continental Con
eress isSreei call to al the states
IL send delegates to convention to
BE- held in Philadelphia the second
Mondav IN May. 1881. % revise the
articles Of Confederation
All me states accepted this invi-
tation and sent delegates. except
Rhode Island which sent a letter of
cooperation Seventy-four delegates
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
UNITED STATES TREASURY POSITION

corresponding date q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO. Aug. - CAP General
weakness marked grain futures deal
mas again today on the Board Of
Trade, with rye and soybears under
further but more mooerate pressure
Most SetbackS were in small fractions
Of a cent during the first several min
uteS of trading as dealers appeared to
broad adjustment Yesterday to the Gov
srnments important August crop report
Overnight Business was understood
to be light all around One commits
sion flrm commented that the baking
industry had become fairly well booked
up on flour orders for the next 90 to
l20 days Export sales were absent.
near previous closes Wheat was un-
changed 20 = cent bushel lower. Sep
TENDER, ! S93g. corn UNCHANGED to So
higher. September, ligl4; oats "a to
2 lower, September. new-type contract,
Ga; rye UNCHANGED to u lower, Sep
TENDER. ! 81 a; soybeans "a lower TO
Is higher; September. ?,117g.
fairly well established both by grow
ing conditions and Government re-
ports, weather developments this late
IN the season will become less and
less influential as price-making
The market. therefore, is likely TO
react again in greater degree to such
both domestic and export, producer
selling and volume placed in the Gov
eminent loan.
With another new record high corn
crop virtually assured, it appears GER
tain that stocks of all feed grams also
will be at least equal to the 1865
record tonnage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
Railroad Asks
u. ). 10 Back
S6Mi||ionLoan

The Lehigh Valley Railroad
Co. yesterday asked the Gov =
eminent to underwrite a Sc
million l5-year loan which 1t
has privately negotiated with
the Marine Midland Trust Co.
of New York and associated
companies.
The application was filed with
the Interstate Commerce Com
mission under 1858 law author
izing the ICC to provide Gov
eminent repayment guarantees
on railroad industry borrowing
up to a half billion dollars.
The Leghigh Valley said the
SIS million is needed to refinance
some $2.2 million of balances
due on short-term equipment
trust obligations. 1t also would
provide additional working
capital IN reimbursement OF
Treasury funds expended on
plant improvement since jan
uary |, 1857.
The company proposes to
pledge as security for the loan
So million of its operating
equipment and $40 million of
Lehigh Valley General Consoli-
dated Mortgage 5 per cent
mixed interest bonds now held
in the company's treasury.
The arrangement with Ma
rine Midland provides for Az
per cent interest on the first
81 million. 5 per cent interest
on the second 81 million, and
SIS per cent interest on the
third So million-each 50 mil
hon to be repayable in five
years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
Stocks Hold
Uneven Trend;
Trading Slow

NEW YORK, Aug. 10 (AP).-
Electronics shares were slightly
higher as the stock market
moved unevenly in slow trading
early this afternoon.
Gains and losses OF fractions
to about a point were general
for key stocks, The speculative
issues showed no wider range
but couple Of specially situ-
ated stocks moved more
broadly.
Some motors and coppers
were ahead slightly. Enough
of the pivatal rails advanced
to give the carriers a slight edge
to the upside. Utilities edged
off.
Chemicals, aircrafts, steels
and rubbers were irregular.
Corporate bonds were slightly
higher. Government bonds
were off a bit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
PEOPLE
BUSINESS

Francis Jenkins, manager
Capitol Office, Metropolitan
Life Insurance Co, announced
Benjamin Frauwirth is the
leading representative in the
Southeastern territory for the
first seven months of this yeay
exceeding 81 million in paid
for business.
Roger P. SOnnabend, vice
president and general manager
Of the Hotel Corporation of
America, announced promotion
Of George J. Neumann to ma
tlonal advertising and sales
promotion co-ordinator.
Formation of Packaging Cor
pOratiOn of America was an
nounced with the merger of
American Box Board Co.. Grand
Rapids, Mich; Central Fibre
Products Co.. Quincy, Ill, and
the Ohio Boxboard Co. of Ritz
man, Ohio.
Kal, Enrich and Merrick,
Inc, has been appointed to
handle the advertising program
of Wrightglass Corp, 673l Co.
lumbia Park road, Landover,
Md, manufacturer of cast acry-
lie sheets under its own ex-
elusive patented process. Will
liam B. Mullett, vice president
of the advertising firm, is the
agency's account executive for
this assignment.
Howard d. BrOOmhall has
been appointed account eXecu-
tive for A. P. R. COnSultantS
1902 Wisconsin avenue, Beth
eSda, Md. He has been vice
president and general man.
ager for Fleet Photo Service.
Theodore W. HinkIey, presi-
dent of Color, Inc, area distrib-
utors for Colorizer Paints, Bon
deX and Fabrique, announced
appointment of Lewis and PO-
linger, Inc. advertising agency
1923 Connecticut avenue NV.
to handle advertising and pub
lie relations.
Robert G. LeTOurneau, pres
ident, R. G. LeTourneau, Inc
of Longview, Tex, has been
chosen to receive the tenth an
nual National Defense Trans
portation Associations Award
as the person whose achieve
ment contributed most to the
effectiveness of the transporta-
ton industry in support of ma
tional security" This will be
awarded at a dinner at Seattle,
Wash, October ID.
Brimberg Associates of Wash
ington, D. c., has been named
sales representative for the
District, Maryland and Viz
glnia for Ling Electronics, Inc.
Of Culver City, Calf, and VIM
chester, Mass.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
Trailer Train Orders
500 Additional Cars

PHILADELPHIA. Aug. l3
(AP).-Trailer Train Co. yes
terday announced it had or
dered 500 more cars valued at
more than SIS million to take
care of its rapidly growing
piggybacx business.
James P. Newell, board chair
man. said 800 of the new cars
will be built by Pullman-Stand
ard at Butler, Pa. and 200 by
ACF Industries, Inc, at Ber-
wick, Pa.
The trailer-on- 1at-car leas-
ing organization also an
nounced the Louisville & Nash
vile Railroad has joined it as
its 14th railroad member.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
N. Y. PRODUCE
NEW YORK, Aug ~ CAPl aus

NEW YORK, Aug. 10 tAPl USDA).
Butter Offerings light demand i'm
proved; receipts, 100000. Wholesale
prices on bulk cartons fresh: Cream
cry, % score tAAl, 61A-61I7 cents;
81 score "a, 6094-61; 90 score OBJ,
60i4 -6Oi2.
Cheese - Steady; receipts, none
prices unchanged.
Eggs-Wholesale offerings moderate;
receipts, l6,600. New York spot QUO
tations follow: Midwestern, mixed COL
ors. extras $3.50 lbs 1885: extras
medium, 24-25; standards large, 25-
25la: checks. eliza; whites. extras
$3.50 lbsJ, 1895; extras medium. 20
%; browns, extras (4S-50 lbsD, 31-3S
Nearby: Whites, top quality 1850
lbs.). 39-42: mediums, @5-21; smalls.
16Ia-17ia; peewees, HIS; browns, top
quality t4S-50 lbsD, 35-4 mediums.
36E-27i2; smalls, 21-22; peewees
l4-l5.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
CHICAGO
LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO, Aug. I3 tAP) tUSDA) -
Hogs, 7,50O fairly active, steady TO -
higher on butchers. closed active at
the full advance; Sows steady to -
hieher: good shipping demands all
local packers in trade early: complete
early clearance; mixed grade ~ and
mixed Is. IS and 3S, 10000 lbs.
l4.:5-14 .. maily li.50-lf.15 on
mixed "a 23O-276 lbs; several hun
l4.65-l5.0 90, little below 1885; a few
lots Is 200-220 lbs, sorted for erade,
14.a0-15.00; estimated 300 head at
1900; few lots mixed "a and rs
100000 lbs, li.0O-l4 -; a few lots
mixed % and IS 3lO.B5O lbs, 1225-
1870; mixed grade Is ISOLDE lbs,
13.75-14 80; mixed grade - 215-35O-
ID. sows, II 00-13.25; several lots @7j-
800 lbs, l3.25-13.5O; mixed 2-3 $50
4 t0o sS lows ll; 80 90 mixed %
Cattle, 500: calves. 100; slaughter
steers and heifers scarce, steady; cows
active strong to 80 higher; bulls steady
to strong; vealers steady: stockers and
fesdsr scarce, slow; a few loads and
lots good and choice 95O-l 200 ID.
steers, 25.50-2S.00; a few head high
choice 900 lbs. UP to 1850; a load
a25-lb standard, % 90; few high
good and choice heifers, 25.50-26 80:
part load mixed standard and good
heifers, down to 10 80; few standard
cows, 10 .50-21 90: utility and CONNER
cial, 17.50-19 so: Gamers and cutters,
l5.00-1S.5O. few heavy cutters, up
to 10 90; utility and commercial bulls,
vealers. 1900: standard and good,
% O0-32.00; culls, down to 1900.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
TREASURY BONDS

NEW YORK, Aug. 10 (AP),-Yester
days closing OveTthe-cOuntef United
States Government Treasury bonds,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
N. Y. COTTON

NEW YORK. Aug. 10 tAP) Prices
were irregular in late morning
dealings.
Trade covering overturned in cary
decline. Some Of the late buying was
attributed to technical consideration
The selling. however, was mainly in
spired BY the favorable progress of
the crop
Private reports stated that cotton
continued to make good mt adway in
most sections of the South IN a
few areas Of the Eastern belt, how
ever, too much rain interfered with
poisoning operations and insect in
festation increased
Noon prices were cents bale
lower TO 20 cents highe~ than he
previous close October 70 90, De-
cember 30 O6 and March 3G.43.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
New Cigarette

P. Lorillard Co. has intro
duced in the Washington area
a new cigarette called Spring,
which it described as "a king
sized aforementioned filter"
production. The company said
it features a radically new,
Lorillard developed cigarette
paper, electronically treated to
create uniform ventilating over
the surface, allowing heat to
escape and taking in fresh air"
John j. Baldwin, field manager
for the Lorillard firm here,
made the announcement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13
ODD-LOT TRADING

NEW YORK, Aug. 13 (AP) The
New York Stock Exchange reported
today these odd-lot transactions by
principal dealers for August Il: Pur.
251,109 shares, including 2,S41 shares
sold short.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-13

Yng Sh&T5 el34 1874 ia
Zenith Rad ! 81 1854 1854 1oslh+l IA
Hourly Sales on the EXCHANGE
II 90 am 40 600 Noon $40 600
loo pm l ITO 600 200 pm 900 600
unit Of trading 10 shares OF sales IN
full Rates Of dividends in the foregoing
table are annual disbursements based on
the. last quarterly OF semi-annual decla.
alton Unless otherwise noted special
or extra dividends are not included
a Also extra OF extras Annual rate
plus stock dividend d Declared OF paid
in 1859 plus stock dividend Paid last
year Payable IN stock during 1859
estimated cash value Oh ex-dividend or
redistribution date Declared OF paid
so tai this yeaI h Declared or paid
after stock dividend OF splitup kDe
clared or paid this yeaI an accunuia.
tive issue with dividends in arrears.
PAID this veal dividend omitted, de.
terred or no action taken at last dividend
meetisg Declared OF paid in 1858 plus
stock dividend Payable in stock during
1885 estimated cash value on eX-dividend
or redistribution date y Liquidating
dividend cid Called Elk dividend
KIDS Ex distribution II Elk rights. XIV
Without warrants. WV With war; ants
wd When distributed wi When issued
nd Next day delivery a In bankruptcy
or receivership or being reOrganized
under the Bankruptcy Act. or securities
assumed by such companies.