davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-11-17
AP Hears McKeIwoy
Blast Mob Reportinq'

KANSAS CITY, Nov. IT
(AP) P).-Newsmen must avoid
becoming a leaderleSs mob in
reporting major events, says
Benjamin McKelway, president
of the Associated Press.
Hundreds of reporters and
photographers trying to cover
a face-to-face meeting between
heads of states create chaos
which defeats not only the pur-
pose of the undertaking but
the efforts Of the newsmen to
report what happens" he said.
Mr.. McKelway, editor of The
Washington Star, told the an
nual MisSouri-Kansas Associ-
ated Press meeting yesterday
that one solution is a pool ar
rangement under which a few
chosen reporters relay facts to
other reporters.
Such a solution, however,
Mr.. McKelway said, is opposed
generally by American news
men and particularly those in
Washington who value their
practically unrestrained free
dom to go where they please,
their opportunities to demon
strate individual initiative,
their resentful suspicion of
anything savoring of regimen
tation."
Il do not believe such desir-
able qualities, however, would
be compromised" Mr.. Nickel
way added. "by frank recogni-
ton of certain obvious facts
one of them being that the dig
nifty OF the press itself is in
volved when its representatives,
instead of reporting a spectacle,
Evening star., 1959-11-17

Korea are "clear and un-
equivocal and they must re-
main intact" 1t suggests
that the ROK army be re-
duced in manageable pro-
portion to the Korean econ
omy since manpower in the
: free nations bloc is being
rapidly replaced by recent
weapons developments.
The report does not men,
ton that the Seoul govern
ment is anxious to reduce its
armed forces if 1t can be
provided with newly devel-
oped weapons. The flow is
so slow that even the two
American divisions stationed
in Korea are Stlll using the
1916 type tanks which are no
match for the latest Soviet
tanks which have been sup
piled to the Communist
forces across the 38th Par
allel.
But the weakness of Ko-
rea, according to the Con-
lin Associates study, lies in
the fact that Korea, the
symbol of free world cooper
alton against Communist ag-
greSSion, has not acquired the
type of respect that would
lend it greater strength, be-
cause arbitrary decisions by
officials and police-state sup
preston appear to be keep
ing pace with the mounting
political unrest" All who
know Korea would agree that
the country which was lib
Grated from the japanese
only IA years ago does not
have the same type of de-
mocracy and freedom as, for
instance, Switzerland.
Moreover, the report on
political conditions" does not
seem to take into account
the fact that the Communist
Evening star., 1959-11-17
Private Study Called Too Like the One
On Chang Before Fall of China

The Senate Foreign Rela-
tons Committee recently re-
leased a study of conditions
in the South Korean Repub-
lie. 1t was not the work of
members of that committee
or of a special group of Sen
atorS entrusted to examine
the situation on the spot but
was farmed out, like so many
reports for the Government
these days, to an outside
organization known as Con-
lin Associates of San Fran
cisco.
Those who have read the
Korean report cannot but
recall the many official re-
ports on China between l945
and 1850 in which the Chi
nese government was accused
as utterly inefficient, tyran-
mic, venal and corrupt while
the Chinese Communists
were depicted for the Ameri-
can people as mere "agrarian
reformers."
The consequences of that
estimate Of the Red Chinese
which led this country to
believe it had backed the
wrong side and poured bill
lions down the drain or into
the pockets of a few relatives
and friends of President
Chang Kai-Shek resulted in
the fall of China into Com
munist hands and eventually
in the Korean War. That
war cost this country upward
of SIS billion and some 200,-
600 casualties. A state of war
still continues.
The new Korean report
contains the soothing SEN
tence (as we heard in the
days before the fall of China)
that the United States obli-
cations for the defense of
Evening star., 1959-11-17
Soviet transportation
System Seen GROWING

customed to apply to our own
system functioning in a free
enterprise economy" said Prof.
Williams. Such a way of
appraisal may lead us into
serious underestimation of the
Soviet system"
Direction of Effort Different
Prof. G. Warren Nutter of
the University of Virginia told
the subcommittee the indus
trial achievements of the Soviet
Union cannot be compared
with those of the free world
because Russia has concen-
trated on military and heavy
industry at the expense of con-
sumner goods and human con-
siderationS.
"The human cost has been
staggering in other respects,
with periods of deliberate star
vation and large-scale use of
forced labor" said Prof. Nutter.
Leisure has shown little ten
dency to grow. There are signs
that the bleak life of the COM
mon Soviet man is being slowly
improved, but as this happens
we also may expect a change in.
the tempo and character of
industrial development"
Prof. James H. Blackman of
the University of North Caro-
lima agreed that if the con-
sumer is given more considera-
tion in Russia he may become
vocal in demanding still more
of the goods he would like to
have.
The subcommittee was given
an encouraging picture yester-
day of the relative position of
the United States and Russia
from the standpoint of popu-
latlon and manpower by John
Kantner of the Census Bureau.
He said a low Russian birth
rate during World War II has
Evening star., 1959-11-17
CONSTANTINE BROWN
The Report on South Korea

aggression which took place
nine years ago is only sus-
pended and might resume
any day. All the same, there
have been free elections in
South Korea since its birth
IL years ago, and there is a
Parliament with members of
two major parties and a
sprinkling of splinter parties.
The report does not appear
to take cognizance of the
fact that the demarcation
line established in 1853 is
fluid and that hundreds of
spies and Subversive agents
provided with genuine or
counterfeit dollars are cross
ing it every day. This calls
for strong-arm methods as
were used by the belligerents
in World War II. 1t is true
that newspapers publishing
indictments to overthrow the
government by force or sub
VerSive articles are being
suspended and the authors
sentenced by the courts
not executive authorities-to
jail terms. Purists may re-
gard this as offensive. But
other allies of ours, such as
the Pakistanis, Turks and
more recently the French,
are using even more drastic
methods in dealing with
newspapers and other pub
locations.
The study points out that
the charge is common that
American aid has created
too many Korean Million
aires and sustained too many
corrupt practices" If the
authors of the report had in
mind Korean millionaires in
hwans (the Korean cur
rency worth at the official
rate 500 hwans to SD they
may be right. There are
in Korea a number of busi-
neSsmen and traders worth
millions of hwans. But there
is no rich man in the gov
ernment and not a single
dollar millionaire in the
whole country.
The study, while finding
the Korean administration
corrupt and venal, does not
refer to the remarkable eco
nomic progress made by that
country which was COM
pletely ravaged by a war
which lasted from 1850 to
1893. Neither does it mention
the fact that in a country
where the highest govern
ment official is paid the
equivalent of $10O a month
there is actually less corrup-
ton and venality than in
many Western countries.
The study concludes with
the ominous sentence that
Eve have been too weak in
Korea" just as we were told
that we were too weak in
regard to Chang Kai-shek
when he was on the Chinese
mainland.
Evening star., 1959-11-17
Dissent Held Sample of Judges Feeling
That They Are Writers of legislation

tional, said the Douglas opin-
ion, just because it required
the administrator to fix
maximum rents which were
generally fair and equitable
instead of applying the fair
and equitable test to each in
dividual landlord. Incidental
ly. the landlord got no hear
ing before the administrator
issued his rent-control order,
and he was limited solely to
judicial review after the order
fixing his rent became effec-
tive. Justice Douglas called
this "due process, and he
wrote:
"a member of the class
which is regulated may suffer
economic losses not shared by
others. His property may lose
utility and depreciate in value
as a consequence of regula-
ton. But that has never been
a barrier to the exercise of
police power. ...
"a nation which can de-
mand the lives of its men
and women in the waging Of
that war is under no con-
Stitutional necessity Of pro-
viding a system of price con-
troll on the domestic front
which will assure each land
lord a fair return on his
property"
Justice Douglas is today
disturbed that a whole class
of workers might be injured
by a blanket injunction or
order when only an injunc-
ton against a part of their
number might be necessary.
Yet, when dealing with
landlords" he was not con-
cerned by the fact that indi-
vidual property owners might
suffer by a broad rent-control
order.
There are those who say
that, because the cold war
isn't a shooting war, it isn't
an emergency. Yet. judging
by the amount of money
being spent by the Govern
Evening star., 1959-11-17
Schools and SIum Families Seen Ignored
While Farm Families Get $1,000


basis, as do the cities. Yet
the cities are denounced as
jungles while the mythical
image of the farm is that of
a pure and serene center of
peace, learning and religious
strength. Most of the per-
sons on relief in cities came
from the worn out" farms
of this country and Puerto
Rico. Few are trained to
take, and hold, industrial
jobs.
Statisticians, using known
births and birth rates, know
that by 1875, which is but
16 years away, the rev resi-
dents added to the urban
areas of our country will
equal the present popula-
tionS of New York, Newark,
Chicago, Los Angeles, Phila-
delphia, Detroit, Boston. San
Francisco, Oakland, Pitts
burgh, st. Louis, Cleveland,
Washington, Baltimore, Min
neapoliS, St. Paul, Buffalo
plus is million persons more.
The population of cities
literally is exploding.
Yet, the congressman and
Senators keep talking about
the farm problem-Which is
a minor one In dollars and
productive output compared
with the complex services of
cities. The politicians are
worried about the votes of the
discontented-not the basic
welfare of the country. This
is understandable, if regret
table.
Without exception, these
are usually the same ones
who rise on the floor of the
House and Senate and talk
about how the Nation doesn't
seem to have the same old
soundness it once had. It
doesn't. They are talking
Evening star., 1959-11-17

narrowed the gap between the
two countries and predicted
Russia will face a manpower
shortage in trying to carry out
its current seven-year develop
ment plan.
Although Russia's present 209
million population exceeds the
United States by 18 per cent,
the margin before World War
II was 46 per cent.
"The number of children of
elementary and econd larry
school age. the group which will
provide the coming generation
of scientists and technicians, is
nearly the same in the two
countries at the present time"
said Mr.. Kantner.
Evening star., 1959-11-17
RALPH McGILL

Secretary of Agriculture
Benson, who is the nonshat-
terable clay pigeon of par
tiSan politics, has a new farm
policy.
Like all the others, it isn't
really workable. But it might
clunk along with a mite less
engine noise.
We live in a time when a
single jet fighter plane equals
the dollar value of a half
million bushels of wheat. We
have enough wheat to last
two years before the new
crop is harvested. We can't
sell the wheat and we are
having to go into debt to pay
for the planes.
We are government which
is willing politically to sub
sidize a million farmers who
have acreages too small ever
to make a living and too little
capital to expand. Yet, we
won't come through with
Federal aid to schools which
would teach the children of
depressed rural areas to
make a living. Meanwhile,
we borrow money to pay for
atomic submarines neces-
sary for defense. Each one
of them has a price tag
which would pay for schools
for 100000 children.
There are now a million
more slum dwellers than total
farm dwellers-yet, Federal
per capita expenditure on
farm families is $4,000 per
year, against $84 per slum
family. Yet, we are always
reading doleful editorials and
are hearing congressional
speeches about racketS in city
relief payments.
The depressed farm areas
produce as much juvenile de-
llnquency, on a percentage
Evening star., 1959-11-17

create the spectacle themselves
by becoming members of a
leaderleSs mob"
Urging that the press itself
work out a solution to the prob
lem, Mr.. McKelway warned:
"As in all things involving
the free press, the abuse of tnat
freedom is the greatest danger
to it's survival"
Evening star., 1959-11-17
DAVID LAWRENCE

Lawyers in many parts of
the country are expressing
surprise at the reasoning
used by Justice Douglas of
the Supreme Court of the
United States in his dissent
ing opinion in the steel case.
They point to it as another
example of the tendency of
present-day justices to con-
slider themselves as writers
of legislation, rather than of
judicial rulings, and as ex-
ponentS of what the law of
the land" ought to be, rather
than what it is in the light
of precedentS and previous
decisions.
For Justice Douglas, in his
recent opinion, contradicted
the reasoning he himself
used when he spoke, not in
dissent, but for the majority
of the court in a case decided
is years ago.
The other day Justice
Douglas didn't agree with
the eight justices that an 30
day court injunction was
eSSary, ordering all
strikers in the entire steel
industry back to work. The
dissenting justice said,
There is nothing in this
record to sustain the con-
clusion that it is necessary
to send 100000 men back to
work to give the Defense
Department all it needs for
the Nations safety"
Justice Douglas seemed to
think that a blanket injunc-
ton might be proved unnec-
esSary and only a portion of
the strikers need return to
work. But in the 1914 case,
known as BowleS v. Willing
ham, Justice Douglas, writing
in behalf of a majority of the
Supreme Court, took a diff
ferent view of blanket in
functions or court orders.
The case involved the rent
control provisions of the
emergency Price Control Act.
This law was not unconstitu-
Evening star., 1959-11-17

it was apparent the CCC had
issued secret regulation to
impose secrecy upon admittedly
non-SenSitive documents and
that the secret CCC regulation
is based solely on a statute
which forbids secrecy"
Mr.. Moss referred to what
is known as the "Housekeep-
ing Act" for Government agen-
cieS in keeping their records
and documents. This act was
amended in 1858 to say it does
not authorize Withholding in
formation from the public.
Evening star., 1959-11-17
By ]. A. OLEARY
Star Staf Writer

The Russian transportation
system, which continues to be
dominated by use of its rail-
roads, will not hamper. growth
in the Soviet Union during the
current Communist seven year
plan for development, a Con-
gressional committee was told
today.
The joint House-Senate
Economic subcommittee which
is comparing the Soviet and
American economies, heard two
university professors who
studied the Russian transporta-
ton system-Ernest w. Will
liams, jr., of Columbia Univer-
sity and Holland Hunter of
Haverford College, Pennsylva-
MIA.
Reports by both men pic
tured a vast difference in the
way the two countries have
developed their transportation
systems.
Low Priority for Roads
Both men emphasized that
the Communist regime prob
ably will continue to rely main
ly on the railroads for trans
portation.
While the United States has
developed a far-fung system
of highways and built the
trucks and passenger cars to
use them, Prof. Holland point
eed out that Russians have
given a low priority to road
building and the manufacture
of passenger cars.
Prof. Williams pointed out
that truck transportation has
been encountered in the Soviet
Union only for short haulS.
ut is well to avoid Judging
Soviet transportation progress
by the standards we ale &C
Evening star., 1959-11-17
Directs Jewish Choir

Mrs. Toby Singer of Chevy
Chase has been appointed the
new director of the Montgom-
cry County Jewish Community
Choir. The choir meets at $50
pm. Wednesdays at 29O1 East
West highway, Chevy Chase.
Evening star., 1959-12-30

mander of the 9Th Infantry al
Jefferson Barracks. Mo-. the
general was ordered to Wash
ington in 1926 as executive as
siStant to the Assistant Secre.
tary of War in charge of re.
serve affairs.
After commanding the Sd In.
fantry at Fort Smelling, MINI.
and an assignment to ROTC
duty at the University of Hi.
noiS, Gen. Stone assumed com.
mand of the Sd Brigade, 5tf
Corps Area, in Fort Lewis
Wash, where he served unit
he retired in 1910.
Since his retirement Gen
Stone and his wife Anita hac
been living in Tacoma, Wash.
Besides his wife the genera,
leaves two daughters, Mrs
Mark A. Devine, of 1000 Mas.
sachusetts avenue NV, anC
Mrs. John E. Theimer, Schoflelc
Barracks, Hawaii. He alsC
leaves four grandchildren anc
five great-grandchildren.
Funeral services and buria
will be in Fort Lewis, Wash.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Harry E. Nou, 70,
Headed Plumbing
Concern Here

Harry Edgar Nau, 70, an
area resident for 48 years, died
yesterday at his home, lois
Woodside parkway, Silver
Spring, after a long illness.
Mr.. Nau has been president
of the plumbing, heating and
air-conditioning firm bearing
his name at 35l7 Thirteenth
street NV. since 1882.
A native of Littlestown, Pa.
he moved to the Washington
area in 1911.
He was a former past preSi-
dent of the Washington Plumb
ing Contractors Association anc
was a member of the American
Society of Sanitary Engineers
the Mechanical Contractors AS
sociation and a Mason.
He leaves his wife. OF the
home address; his mother, Mrs
George H. Nau of Germantown,
Md, and a brother. J. Elmer
BesSemer, Ala.
Funeral services will be held
at l pm. tomorrow in the War
ner E. Pumphrey Funeral
Home, 8434 Georgia avenue
Silver Spring. Burial will be
in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suit
land, Md.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
EricC. SieIinq,
Brickluyer

Eric Conrad Selling, so, OF
129O0 Evanston road, Wheaton
City, Md, a District resident
for 80 years, died Monday at
Walter Reed Hospital. A brick
layer, he was employed by the
Norair Corp. and was working
at the hospital on a project for
them.
A native of Berlin, he was a
naturalized citizen and a mem
Der of the Elks.
He leaves his wife, Frances
Jeanette of the home address;
three sons, John Eric of the
home address, Eric George of
13419 Justice road, Wheaton
City, Md, and Roland John of
lO4 Northwood avenue, Silver
Spring; and three brothers,
Robert of Pittsburgh, Heinrich
of Germany and Juan of Ar
gentina, and seven grandchil-
dren.
Funeral services will be at
1880 am. tomorrow in the
Walter w. Deal Funeral Home.
1912 Georgia avenue NV.
Burial will be in ParklaWn
Cemetery.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
AirIines Buck
CAB Subpoena
For Documents
BY the Associated Press

The Air Transport Associa-
ton has decided to contest a
Civil Aeronautics Board order
that it produce certain con-
fidential documents.
The ATA decision came yes
terday shortly after public dis
closure that the CAB had issued
a Subpoena-itS second in the
year-long controversy-to COM
pei the airline group to hand
over the documents by jan
uary IL.
ATA is an industry organiza-
ton of the scheduled airlines.
The CAB is attempting to re-
view ATA practices. The JUS
tice Department has announced
that it is making a study sim
liar to and concurrent with
that of the CAB in connection
with a possible antitrust in
veStigation.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Mrs. c. Smith,
Church Worker

HARRISONBURG, Va, Dec
80 (AP) Mrs. Kathryn Keezell
Smith, a leader in women'S
activities of the Presbyterian
Synod of Virginia. died in a
hospital here Monday Of q
heart attack. She was SO.
Mrs. Smith, wife of Claude
v. Smith, secretary-treasurer OF
the Rockingham Cooperative
Farm Bureau, was a daughter
of the late State Senator George
B. Keezell. She was trustee OF
the Massanetta Springs Bible
Conference and the Presby-
terian Sunnyside Home, and q
past president Of the Lexing-
ton Synodical.
She leaves her husband, three
sons and a daughter.
A funeral service was to be
held at the First Presbyterian
Church here at 2:30 pm. to-
day. with burial in her native
Keezletown.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Mrs. Annie KIutz.
Owner of Store

MARTINSBURG, w. Va.
Dec. 30-Mrs. Annie Blankfelc
Katz. 80, who had been associ-
ated in ownership and manage
ment Of the Katz Department
Store here since 1896, died al
Kings Daughters Hospital
Monday. She had been a pa
tient three weeks.
She was a native Of Poland
and came to this country wher
a child with her mother. She
resided in Philadelphia before
moving here.
Mrs. Katz had been active ir
the stores operation with hel
late husband and since his
death, with their sons. She had
been active in affairs of Beth
Jacob Hebrew Synagogue anc
Auxiliary here for many years.
One son, Allen B. Katz, head
of the store business, survives
Two other sons, Nathan and
Herman, are deceased.
Evening star., 1959-12-30

plot. He said Strunk and
Schooner recently appeared in
Communist East Germany.
Chancellor Konrad Ade-
nauer's government has threat
ened to ban the German Reich
Party. composed chiefly of for
mer Nazis, if it is proved to be
responsible for the synagogue
incident.
A third party member,
Ernest Custodis, district leader
of the German Reich Party,
was taken into custody last
Sunday.
Mr.. Weinberg, who ordered
dissolution of the Cologne
branch after the synagogue
episode, said Custodis knew two
months ago that Strunk and
Schooner had made trips to
East Germany and had failed
10 inform the national leader
ship.
investigators expressed
doubt that Strunk and
Schoenen were Communist
agents. They said both had
criminal records. They indicat-
ed the two were exhibitionistS
seeking to call attention to
themselves in dramatic fashion.
Evening star., 1959-12-30
Encyclopedia
Defines Red
Threat toU.S.
By ROBERT X. WALSH
star stan Writer

A communism encyclopedia"
being compiled by the House
Committee on Un-American
Activities started today with a
warning that Soviet hostility
to the United States is much
more dangerous than any dis
pute over Berlin or a race into
space.
Communism concentrates its
hostility on the United States
as the most powerful among
nations not yet under its
sway" the first volume de-
clared. This country thus
finds itself under attack by an
enemy whose motive for hos
tility is not any practical
grievance or limited aspiration,
but rather the will to destroy
the order of life in this country
and make room for Communist
rule"
The 135-page booklet is de-
scribed by the committee as the
first in a series that will pro-
vide "a full, undiStorted and
revealing picture of commu-
nism's true nature" The first
volume deals with Communist
theology. the Communist view
of history and present society,
the doctrine of revolution,
Communist Party strategy and
organization and the philoso-
ply of communism.
Philosophy was the begin
ming and down to this day the
real basis of Communist ide-
ology." the booklet emphasizes,
In It's present form. however,
it has gone far beyond the scope
OF Marks ideas and has
expanded into a comprehensive
system which pretends to have
answers for all questions and
guiding principles for all fields
Of human action"
Committee Chairman Walter.
Democrat Of Pennsylvania, said
the main goal of the "monu-
mental work" being prepared
by the committees research
staff and outside experts is to
provide thorough knowledge of
all aspects of communism. He
held that Ignorance Of COM
munism is our greatest weak
ness in today's total struggle
with the Communist conspi-
racy."