davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
The Flow of Gold

this week hands over to the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund approximately
$344 million in gold, our gold reserves
will drop below $40 billion for the first
time in twenty years. The decline has
been irregular for the past decade, from
the high point of $24.5 billion in 1949,
but has been continuous and more rapid
for the past 10 months The largest drop
was recorded in 1858 at $23 billion and
there are estimates that 1t may be as
high as 50 billion in 1859.
For the record, the transfer to
the INF honorS a ommitment-ap-
proved by Congress and the Presi-
dent-to increase our subscription to
that agency. The bulk of the gold out
flow, however, has been of different
kind-namely, its delivery on demand
to foreign nations having dollar bal
anceS sufficient to cover their purchases
of the metal. There have been numer-
Gus explanations for this movement of
gold, but it is significant that the poten-
TALLY most disturbing one-that 1t
marks confidence-lacking" flight from
the dollar"-has pretty much fallen of
It's own lack of weight. There has, In
fact, been an increase in net dollar ball
anceS (not converted into gold) over the
past year-and by approximately half
billion in the first quarter of 1859 alone.
The more valid explanation seems
to be that our sales abroad, down sub
stantially for more than year past,
have been running behind the total dol
lar value of our import purchases, plus
foreign investment of American private
capital and the various types of foreign
aid" military and non-military).
Foreign nations that have thus acquired
a surplus of dollarS-and particularly
those like Great Britain, most of the
countries of Western Europe and Japan,
whose economies have grown much
stronger in recent years-are taking the
opportunity now to bolster their own cur
rency reserves in gold. 1t might properly
be pointed out that this strengthening
of the economies of friendly nations has
been one of our own hopes in the post
war period.
Against this background there re-
mains the question Of whether alarm Is
justified about our changing gold posi-
ton. The consensus is that 1t is not,
but neither should 1t be observed with
indifference. BY law, the Government
Is required to hold an amount OF gold
equal to Is per cent of all Federal Re-
serve currency and deposits belonging
to member banks. The balance on hand
this week will amount to about 40 per
cent, representing an excess margin
of about So billion. There are, further
more, both private and governmental
ways to check the gold drain If neces-
sary. One of the best and surest ways is
for American business and industry to
protect and improve its competitive
position in world markets. way that
requires cost controls, good salesman
ship and quality of production. Curtail-
ment of foreign-aid spending abroad,
particularly in areas of greatest eco
nomic recovery, is one of several alter
natives available to Government. The
course of events through the remainder
of 1859 should tell whether the first way
is coming to pass, or whether there may
be need to invoke some of the others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

Whatever additionally may
be said about the jury's deci-
sion in the Tallahassee rape
case, 1t has conjured into
being a new facet of
connotation - rape without
brutality.
But Speaking of rape with
out brutality is like speaking
Of poison without agony, or
torture without pain. To say
the least. Florida's goddess
of justice was peeping
through her fingers when the
jury announced its verdict.
J. w. Haywood, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Cost of Resistance

The official expenditure by
the State Of Virginia through
its legislative assemblies, its
several committees and its
lawyers to exert massive
resistance to the desegrega-
ton mandate of the Supreme
Court amounts to $2,043,-
76l.72. This figure does not
include what counties and
school boards have paid law
yers. Possibly the amount is
nearer So million.
There will be those who
defend the expenditures of
taxpayers money. And, re-
member, this includes the
tax money from Negro citi-
ZenS. many of whom have
contributed many thousands
OF dollars TO implement the
decisions of the court.
OF course. the effort has
meant a windfall to law firms
and lawyers used by the
State to oppose the Supreme
Court edict. All that this has
accomplished has been to
delay indignation and to
widen the breach in human
relations. How much good
this money would have done
to improve welfare institu-
tions, educational facilities
and other needful State
enterprises for human bet
terment. The chief benefl-
Charles have been the politi-
cian-lawyers. The people
have suffered.
Z. b. Henderson,
Chairman, Public Relations
Committee, Virginia State
NAACP.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Older persons. In particular
find it difficult to NOW the
lawn.
So why not a lawnless
place?
The ground around a house
need not be such a nuisance
as 1t is, its inceessant cut
ting and raking, now done to
the tune of an utterly I'M
necessary roar.
It is all a nuisance, but
there seems to be no way out
Of it.
Hold
There is the lawnless yard.
Something yet can be saved
from the ruin.
This idea of the nice green
sward comes to us from Eng
land, where there was never
any dearth Of labor.
We have been oversold on
lawns.
Really, there is nothing SC
fascinating about them.
Lawns are full Of chiggers,
ants. worms.
They look dead in the win
ter, and sometimes turn yell
low or brown in summer.
Only the sellers of lawn sup
plies can dispute these facts,
The rest of us see all too
easily what a monster the
modern lawn has grown to be,
1t makes simply terrible de-
mands upon the weary house
holder. already hard put to
insert his new motorcar into
a garage two sizes too small,
4 4 II
The modern lawn is a mon
ster such as few have seen,
which demands that 1t be
kept green. Or else.
We are implored by the
front lawn, side lawns and all
the little lawns to make them
green and keep them green.
This is not all the lawn de-
mands, either.
Above all, it wants to be
cut.
This is the desideratum
above all for a lawn.
A good lawn positively droolS
when it comes to a good cut
1t wants to be cut, and If II
isn't. then all crabgrass is to
play.
The homeowner will have
nothing but chickweed If he
doesn't cut the lawn.
He will have plantain. at
the best. and some sort OF
little plant with small blue
flowers, at the worst.
If he doesn't attend to this
cutting business at least every
seven days, and often every
five days, he will face a brown
lawn, when he finally gets
around to It.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Freedom to Play

It must be very nice for the
children in the AdamS-Mor-
gan area to get publicity on
the fact that they need more
play area. What about a little
publicity for the children who
have no play area at all, liv-
ing next to Arlington Gem
etery directly across from
the Lincoln Memorial?
The children Of Washing
ton are lucky that the press
helps them. but the children
living adjacent to the pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Giant Venezuela Spiders Eat Birds
BY THOMAS r. HENRY


must have been small objects
In a rocky matrix."
From these facts, DR.. Urey
told the Academy. 1t can be
concluded that the materials
Of the meteorites were formed
in an object about as large
as the moon. that this object
probably was broken up by
collisions and that the mate
rails Of the stone meteorites,
after being shattered into
very small pieces. were COM
pacted into the materials
which now arrive on earth.
THE primary objects" DR..
Urey continued. were of lu-
mar size or greater, since dia-
monds appear in both iron
and stones. They hardly
could have been much larger
than the moon since disrup-
ton by collision would be
improbable for much larger
bodies.
There must have been two
of them Of about the same
size since collisions of a
smaller body with a larger
one would result in capture Of
the smaller by the larger and
no fragments would be pro-
duced.
so 1t becomes obvious that
we have described our own
moon and thus at some stage
at least three objects of this
kind existed. 1t is interest,"
ing that there are six other
satellites with masses Of from
a half to double that of our
moon and that no other sat-
elite of our system has a
mas greater than three per
cent of the lunar mass"
From all this. DR.. Urey said,
a good deal may be deduced
about the actual state of the
moon itself which will be
found by the first astronauts
to land there. THE NOON"
he said. must have a compo-
sition of primordial matter.
Its low density indicates a
lower concentration of iron
than in the earth or even the
meteorites. In the outer parts
there should be metallic
masses distributed raisin-
bread style. 1t may have a
small iron core"
Chemical studies of stony
meteorites, he pointed out,
show that they have been ex-
posed to cosmic rays for tens
Of millions Of years.
Not from Same Place
Iron meteorites, however,
can be shown to have been
exposed to cosmic rays be-
tween two or three billion
years.
Thus. he says, "the two
groups do not come from the
same place and two sets of
secondary objects are required
to account for them. It is
suggested that the irons came
from the belt between Mars
and Jupiter and required a
billion years to reach the
earth and that the others
came from the moon and re-
quire a much shorter time for
their arrival. If this is true
something can be said of the
moons surface.
THE maria, Ozark. flat
areas once thought to be
seas) may be solidified lava
but covered with material like
that of some of the meteor
ties.
THE age of this material
will be about 100000, 900
years.
The mountains Of the
moon are probably partly
meteoric material"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

posed Freedom Wall" are
shut up and they have no
place to play because of pres
sures from the White House,
the monument commission.
the flag-waving ideals Of
democracy" monument boys,
and by the members of Con-
greSs who would be en-
barrassed back home in Col
orado" by their marble and
granite selling constituents.
M. r. Michler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Quid Pro Quo?

Every time a government
deploys military forces in the
vicinity Of unfriendly nations
1t is liable to lead to war.
The recent MIG fighter
attack on a United States
Navy airplane near North
Korea. while wrong on the
part Of others, was a nor
NAL outcome of Americas
far flung disposition of arm
aments.
Similarly, foreign arma-
mentS, If deployed near
American coasts, would pro-
woke war incidents.
DerwO0d M. Dudley
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
The Strauss Vote

Our august Senate has
spoken and Lewis Strauss
has been rejected. Thus he
joins the group of men dedi-
Gated to public service who
have been blacklisted as unfit
to serve the people. who de-
serve the diSdain and the
holier than thou political
shipping Of forty-nine sena-
tors. because he has COM
mitted the objectionable sin.
the unfortunate crime of
anti-communism.
For after all is said and
done. the real reason for his
rejection (even If the Sem
ators are not consciously
aware of it, was his oppose
ton to security leaks. espec-
tally as regards the Open
helmer case. and his ques.
tioning of the almost uni
versally accepted dictum that
all scientists, by virtue of the
fact that they are scientists,
are non-political and should
have complete freedom from
any restraints. The release
of DR.. Fuchs in England goes
almost unnoticed in our
illustrious press; this event,
his history and background.
should make our front page
headlines and articles-not
the petty political pickering
of our Democratic Senators
tplus two others who have
the effrontery to call them
selves Republicans individu-
ais who place party above
the security Of their nation.
and winning an election
above giving, at the very
least. great satisfaction to
the Kremlin leaders who
must have smiled cynically
as they read of Strauss de-
feat.
Why should Russia make
one concession at Geneva,
San Francisco or anywhere
else when they see that their
Ratchet men in the United
States can successfully hood
wink the greatest delibera-
tive body" in our land. a
body which has several as
piring White House candi-
dates in 1860? It makes one
shudder.
John p. ROdIer
AS q potential presidential
nominee Of his party. it was
wise. astute and farsighted
Of Senate Majority Leader
johnson to cast his vote
against Lewis L. Strauss. The
eyes of Texas may not have
been upon him during this
momentous debate but 1t is
certain that the eyes of the
voters Of the vast iva area
were centered squarely upon
the Texas Senator. It is we'll
for him and his political fu-
ture that he came through
with the right vote.
A. l.. H.
50
The defeat of Lewis Strauss
Is one of the most encourage
ing events Of our days. 1t
shows that despite enormous
pressure from the Executive,
the ment industry.
greedy textile, oil and power
interests. the nuclear prota-
gonists who equate national
defense with international
suicide and many a venal
journalist, the great Ameri-
can republic will not COM
promise with a truly danger
GUS man.
Virginia Tory
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

@. What State university
is the oldest?-S. w.
A. The University of North
Carolina, which was char
tered by the States General
Assembly in 1889. is the old
est. The cornerstone of the
first building on the campus
at Chapel Hill was laid in
1893. and the school opened
officially in January, l795.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

Shooting stars are the
dust" Of demolished moons.
At least twice. two OBJ
jects In the solar system
about the size Of the earth's
moon have smashed togeth-
err, both we're broken into
small fragments, and these
have been raining down
ever since as iron and stone
meteorites.
Literally 1t trains dia-
monds." These have been
found In some Of the iron
meteorites and give clues
as to how they were formed.
The great crashes took
place about as billion years
ago. a time of intense ac-
tivity of some sort in this
part of space.
This was propounded be-
fore the National Academy
of Sciences at its annual
meetings by DR.. Harold C.
Urey Of the University of
California. Admittedly, he
emphasized. this is all theory
which cannot be proved con-
clusively until somebody ac-
tually lands on the moon
and brings back samples of
its rocks.
Diamonds in MeteOrites
The theory is quiet prob
able. however. because of
recent advances in chemis-
try which have made pos
sible intensive studies of
meteoric chemical compost
ton.
Both iron and stone me-
teorites," he said. sometimes
contain diamonds and dia-
monds can be made only at
pressures of tens of thou
sands of atmospheres, such
as exist in the center of the
moon. Thus these materials
In some cases have been
deep in the interior of lunar
sized objects.
1.-THE most hume rous
group of meteorites have
a conglomerate structure
that Is they are made of very
small fragments of silicate
materials and bits of iron
nickel. The silicate materials
are Of the type produced
when melted rocky materials
crystalline rather slowly and
the iron-nickel particles have
atoms arranged in distinct
ways which could only have
been formed at temperatures
Of from 800 to 500 centigrade
during millions of years.
1.-THE location of these
metal particles in the stone
meteorites show that they
must have been formed in
some other location, such as
the interior Of q mass Of
iron meteorite. This mass
was broken into very fine bits
and particles of iron mixed
with bits of silicate mate
rails to form the materials
Of stone meteorites.
The iron meteorites show
that they were formed as
rather small bodies Of metal.
They have surface features
indicating that they are not
fragments of larger metal
bodies. The stone irons con-
sisting of mixtures of metal
and silicate minerals repre-
sent surface regions between
silicate and metal masses.
Such surface regions would
be a small fraction OF the
total IL the metal masses
were very large, such as the
core of a planet. But such
stony irons are numerous and
hence iron nickel masses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry Drtter's correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Provocotion?

In firm spirit, the Bonn Parlia-
ment now has chosen free Berlin a5 the
site for the formal election, on July i,
of West Germany's next President 1t
has done so in the teeth of threats from
Moscow and its traitorous East German
puppet regime that such a choice would
be regarded as "a provocation" justify
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Starting the Week

When the old week has gone
and Monday comes. remem-
Der that you are not dressed
to sell until you put on a
SMILE"
lack Spratt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Answers to Questions

By THE HASKENS SERVICE
mail. 10 any ouestion If fat ~
writing The Star Information Bu-
reau 635 street NV WASHINGTON
4 D C Please enclose return post.
age or self-addressed. stamped
Smyrna times., 1959-01-22
w. A. Smith Dies
At Downs Chapel

Willard Augusta Smith, II, of
Downs Chapel, died at his late
residence on Sunday. The son
of John and Josephine Doran
Smith, he is survived by his
wife, Mrs. Ivy Berry Smith of
Downs Chapel. Requiem mass
was held yesterday at St. JOS
eph's Catholic Church, Clayton,
with Father Vale in charge. In
terment was in Cathedral Gem
etery, Wilmington, A rosary
was said at FAIRIES Funeral Chap
ell on Tuesday evening. MIR.
Smith is also survived by two
daughters, Mrs. Charles Sween-
ey, Holly Oak, Del, and Miss
Theresa Smith, Wilmington, and
two sons, Thomas Smith of Will
mington, and Richard Smith of
Marshallton. Three grandchild-
rem and sister, Miss Josephine
R. Smith of Wilmington, also
remain.
Smyrna times., 1959-01-22
Personals

MIR. and Mrs. Clarence John
son, ST., of Taylor's Bridge, en-
tertained at dinner on Sunday
in honor of Mr.. Earl c. Francis,
a student at Holy Cross College
in Massachusetts, who has been
spending the holidays in Smyr-
ma. Those attending were Mr.
and Mrs. Earl V. Francis, Mr.
and Mrs. Wilson David, Mr.. and
Mrs. William Francis and son.
Bill, all of Taylor's Bridge; MIR
and Mrs. William Reynolds.
Mrs. Ola Hickey, and Mrs. Le-
land Sinex, of Middletown; and
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Francis
and son, Mike, and Mr.. and Mrs
Elmer Ross of Smyrna.
Mr.. Walter A. Handsberry,
Commerce Street, is patient at
Kent General Hospital where he
was admitted last Sunday.
Mrs. Oswald E. Denney had
as her guest over the weekend
her son, Mr.. Robert H. Denney,
of Manchester, Ca, who had
been in New York on a business
trip.
Smyrna times., 1959-01-22
Parry Rites Set Today

Mrs. Salina B. Parry, "a, wild
ow of William ]. Parry, Sr., died
Monday in Kent General Hos
pital at Dover. She was the
daughter of the late Joseph and
Elizabeth Griffith Beatty Mrs.
Parry taught school for Is years
in Philadelphia and Schuylkill
County, Pa. She was a member
of Asbury Methodist Church
here. Funeral services will be
held this morning, JAM %, at
ll:30 in the Matthews Funeral
Home. The Rev. w. H. Revelle,
Jr., pastor of Asbury Methodist
Church, will officiate, and inter-
ment will be in Arlington Gem
etery, Philadelphia. The deceas-
ed is survived by son, Morgan
l. Parry, Smyrna; five grand
children, and sister, Mrs.
Blanche Schoffstal, Pottsville, Pa.
Smyrna times., 1959-01-22
This Weeks
Social and
Personal
Events
Helene Lasch
Is Offianced

Mr.. and Mrs. Harry c. Lasch,
of Hartly, announce the engage
ment of their daughter, Helene,
to Mr.. George R. Klair, son of
Mr.. and Mrs. George w. Klair
of Havre de Grace, Md.
Miss Lasch was graduated
from Smyrna High School in
1854 and the University of Del
aware in June, 1858. She is
now employed by the Univer-
sity of Delaware as an assistant
in research.
Mr.. Klair served four years
with the U. S. Navy, received
his B. S. degree in electrical en-
gineering from the University
of Delaware, and is now con-
tinuing graduate studies at the
university.
Smyrna times., 1959-01-22
School Enrolment
tContinued from Page One)

creasing enrollments. Although
$50 teachers will be graduated
from the University of Della
ware this year, the report indi-
Gates that "if past experience is
any indication, fewer than half
this number will accept teach
ing positions in Delaware" Of
the l43 teachers prepared last
year, over 40 took positions in
other states, and another 40
took positions other than teach
ing. The birth rate in Delaware
has constantly increased, with
4,600 births in 1910; 1900 in
1850; and over $4,000 in 1858.
The study goes on to state in
summary that, "enrollments are
expected to increase at a faster
rate at the secondary school
level than at the elementary
school level" Also, "the de-
mand for teachers will continue
to exceed supply. Many of these
teachers will necessarily have to
be recruited from other states. "
According to the report, the
state may expect further con-
struction requests, as, there
will be continued need for
classrooms at all levels of edu-
cation, with construction at the
secondary school level becom-
ing more pressing" Smyrna was
fortunate during the past year
in that the overall school in
crease was only about 5 per
cent. This was slightly less than
expected. School officials feel
that the opening of many homes
on the Dover Air Base, as well
as the establishment of the Air
Base School in the Caesar Rod
ney School District, accounted
for this. In spite of this, the
number of air base connected
pupils in the district continued
to increase with about 60 in
l956-57, 100 in 1888, and
over l25 at present. All of these
pupils live in the Smyrna Dis
trict or one of the four dis
tricts-Clayton, Kenton, Hartly,
and Leipsic-that send pupils
to the high school here. Smyrna
added only three teachers dur
ing the past year as the result
of enrolment increases. Some
districts had a considerably
greater problem with l9 new
teachers added in Caesar Rod
ney (many at the Air Base
SCHOOL,, 26 in the Newark
School system, and 81 in the AL
fred /. Dupont School District.