davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Acheson on Negotiation

In MS address to the NATO legiS-
latorS here on Wednesday Dean Acheson
invited his audience to look back on this
closing decade of the 1950S through the
eyes OF some imaginary future historian.
Those who heard him were doubtless
impressed by the striking similarity be-
tween the views attributed to the imagi-
nary future historian by Mr.. AcheSon
and those held by Mr.. AcheSon himself.
For both of them seem to agree that
after years of effort largely initiated by
Mr. AcheSon as Secretary of State) to
bring about stability and power capa-
bic OF containing Russia, we are in
danger OF throwing it all away by ac-
ceptance Of belief that negotiation is
OF itself virtue; that so long as we
continue to negotiate with Russia, we
are heading toward hopeful future.
According to Mr.. AcheSon, we are in
danger of forgetting that the important
thing is what you confer about, not
whether we should confer. And in con-
ferring about Berlin on the terms that
Mr.. KhruShchev insists on, we have
made Berlin both the symbol and the
prelude to the collapse that Mr.. Khru-
Shchev hopes to bring about"
What we should be ready to confer
about, in Mr.. Acheson's view, is the
gradual disarmament designed to bring
the great dangers of the nuclear age
under control before that fatal time is
reached when nuclear weapons become
common and generally available, and
anybody can make them In other words.
the thing to work for now is an agree
ment under which the two great powers
would shorten their reach" by putting
nuclear weapons under international
control and limitation and then 90 for
ward from there-keeping our powder
dry, meanwhile, and our troops in Ger
many-toward the stability in the world
that is an attainable alternative to Rus
sian dominance.
Mr.. AcheSon is a very able and ar
ticulate spokesman for a point of view
that scents appeasement and "Slimy
Servience of consent" in willingness to
talk about the Berlin issue as it has been
drawn by Mr.. KhruShchev. AS he sees
the issue in that framework it becomes
a question of heads Mr.. KhruShchev wins
and tails we lose. AS one Secretary of
State who proved that he could take
criticism for being an appeaSer, he is
almost joyouSly demonstrating his abil-
ity to dish it out. The role he assumes
in this area is more becoming than some
OF his forayS into ward politics on do
meStic issues.
Evening star., 1959-11-20

worthy imprint upon American political
life as a distinguished leader Of the
Left. On six occasions, he was the
presidential nominee of the Socialist
Party-heading a minority ticket that
polled its highest vote of only 882, 900
in the deep depression year of 1892.
But if Mr.. Thomas party, or even his
candidacy, failed to draw substantial
support from the American electorate,
there was never among his peers lack
Of respect for his integrity and ability.
Mr.. Thomas has been no part of a
Shrill-voiced demagogue. A small-town
Ohio boy, graduate of Princeton and
an ordained Presbyterian minister, he
has raised his voice in American politics
for the best that truly democratic
society can offer As an eloquent and
constructive critic of our times, he has
fought faSciSm on the right and COM
muniSm on the left. Mr.. Thomas
relinquiShed his titular leadership of
the Socialist Party nearly ten years ago,
but he has continued since then to write
and to speak as an individual with an
informed conscience on topical issues
of this troubled period. 1t has been an
added chapter of benefit to his country's
political history
Evening star., 1959-11-20
A Rugged Game

Football is a rugged game, calling
for ruggedneSS on the part of those who
play it. 1t is customary, therefore, to
put candidates for the varsity team
through a period of rough-and-t tumble
training, designed to condition players
for the tests of strength and endurance
to which they will be subjected on the
playing field. With this background in
mind, it is not surprising that faculty
investigating committee at the Univer-
Sity of Maryland has found that the
heat-stroke death of Charles Lohr last
September was "a most unusual and
unfortunate accident"
In generating the coaching staff of
negligence or other improper acts, the
committee reported that the training
practice which led to young Lohr'S fatal
collapse was mo more strenuous than
that associated with many other Wig
orouS collegiate sports" There is no
known way, the group said, to detect a
persons possible susceptibility to heat
stroke. The Lohr tragedy has shown,
however, that coaches cannot safely as
sumo that players protests over a spe-
cial training assignment are insincere
or that his complaints are exaggerated.
The case indicates the adviSabiIity of
giving such protests and complaints
more consideration than apparently
mas been the rule in collegiate football
circles.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
]. F. s
Thank You Note

Because your newspaper
has been so valuable in the
past in bringing the policies
and actions of the Board of
Supervisors to the people of
Fairfax County, I would very
much appreciate it if you
would allow me to use your
Letters to the Editor"
column to express my ap-
probation to our citizens for
their confidence in me and to
assure them that I will con-
tinue to work for all of them.
I am thankful to the citi-
zenS of Lee District for their
tremendous vote of conf
dence in re-electing me to be
their representative on the
Fairfax County governing
body for the next four years.
william H. Moss,
Supervisor, Lee District.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Crunberries Comma Up

There was only one sure way, in view
OF all the furore, to bring both cram
berries and consumer confidence to the
Thanksgiving table next week. That
way, OF course, was to label berries which
have been proved safe before they are
placed on the grocery shelf, and it is
well that government and industry have
launched united drive toward that end.
Since a substantial amount of the
testing will be done by cranberry in
tereStS themselves, real burden has
been placed on the industry to insure
there is no false labelling. Assuming this
care, no threat to public health remains,
for we imagine there will be little accept
ance of unlabeled goods.
AS yet, no one can guarantee that
the tremendous Thanksgiving demand
will be fully satisfied. But the Food and
Drug Administration already has given
!. a clean bill of health to some million
pounds of berries. "CraSh" programs
5 have been set up to increase laboratory
{ tests, and the first COX" labels are
expected by the week end. So the pros
pect is good, and few housewives, jealous
shoppers that they are, should have to
face the ignominy of serving turkey
without its traditional supplement.
Now that the famine appears to be
nearing an end, there should be little
disagreement about the facts of the case.
The cranberry industry, unfortunately,
suffered devastating blow. But it was
one which, no matter how uninten-
nf nc
tary Flemming, confronted with the
evidence of contaminated food entering
the flow of interstate commerce, had but
one course of action. He faced it coura-
geously, bearing the brunt of the public
warning on his own shoulders, with a
lforthrightness that held public confu-
sion to a minimum.
The precise danger from effects of
the insecticide, aminotriazole, remains
matter of dispute. Medical authorities
, differed vigorously. Man, after all, is not
a laboratory rat, and the suggestion, in
fact, is slightly insulting. The truth,
however, as Mr.. Flemming noted, is that
no one can state for certain just how
much of substance which causes cancer
in rats may also endanger human life.
AS to the future, two things are
suggested by the cranberry experience.
One is that commodities might be more
precisely labeled as to their point of
origin-a practice which would have
greatly Simplif1ed the clearance project
now under way. The other is that much
greater care should be taken by the
growers of all kinds of fruits and vege-
tables which use insecticides such as
aminotriazole, to insure there is no repe-
tition of the cranberry f1aSco.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Oath of Indignity

To subject any segment of the popu-
lation to needless diStruSt or humiliation
is indefenSible. That, however, is the
precise effect of the demeaning and
SuperfluouS loyalty OATH required by
law for participation in the Federal COL
lege student loan program, and it is the
reason why Yale and Harvard Univer-
sites have made their protest with
draWal from the otherwise enlightened
project.
No one, of course, desires to further
the aims of a Communist intent on over
throwing the Government, and this
safeguard was in the minds of those
Senators who voted, with only Scant
consideration, to add a second oath
requirement to the National Defense
Education Act in 1858. Like most legis-
lat1on conceived in haste, however, this
amendment was deficient. It ignored
the fact that student oath of allegiance
to the Constitution already was required.
1t imposed no obligation on-the man who
can afford to pay his way through school,
but heaped on those who need help most
the indignity of declaring and defend
ing their personal beliefs. Beyond this,
the cumbersome language of the required
affidavit serves no real purpose AS
Secretary Flemming of the Health, Ed
ucation and Welfare Department has
noted, real Subversives would have mo
ScrupleS about signing such an affida-
w.t."
Educators, despite their united op-
position to the affidavit of disbelief"
are attacking the legislation with mixed
emotions, for the loan program is one
of the most beneficial enacted by Con-
greSs in recent years. Students, under
its terms, can borrow up to 81 900 a year.
according to need, and repay the
amounts after graduation. The pro-
grams instantaneous popularity has
surprised Federal officials, and an
appropriation of $6O.5 million already
has been disburSed to more than 1900
schools for distribution.
The fact that only a handful of
schools have withdrawn from participa-
ton, however, in no way modifes the
principles stated by those which have
protested. An effort to repeal the re-
quirement unfortunately failed in the
last session. It should be revived vigor-
ously when Congress returns next year.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Veterans Day

AS one of this city's lead
ing newspapers, I think you
deserve the public's admoni-
tion for using on Veterans
Day, as a front-page picture,
the horses racing at Laurel,
while on page II were the
picture and story of the Serv-
ices at Arlington National
Cemetery.
You have given us a vivid
illustration of the laxity of
a Nations moral obligations,
and a disintegration of it's
sense of values. Undoubtedly
your choice of a picture and
story for the front page
enhanced the sale of the
paper, but surely you have
offended the conscience of
those who remember, with
honor, the significance of the
day.
A I, T!udui0
Evening star., 1959-11-20
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

then slowly retraced his
steps. finally disappearing in
the mist across the street.
Not a one of the cats
moved: each one seemed to
be interested in the strange
creature from the forests.
Il would like to know if
all cats act this way in the
presence of an opossum.
Sincerely. MATILDA S."
House cats treat opoSsums
with great respect.
We have never seen one at
tack the animal, nor display
any fear Of it, either.
1t seems that the strange
forest quality, noted by our
correspondent, is enough to
keep the cats from attacking.
They are curious, but do
not jump.
Sudden attack, on the other
hand, is the dogs way of
handling an opoSsum.
The cat, on the other paw,
seems to be imbued with re-
Spect, and to show this not
only by lack of attack but
also by the way he will fol-
low an intruder around.
X 4 +
Many cats pretend they do
not see the animal until it
decides to walk away.
Then they will follow after
at a distance of 3 or 4 feet.
If the opoSSum stops, the
cat stops, and so on, around
the yard.
The reception the cat gives
an opoSsum is something
along the same line it ac-
cords the old box turtle.
A cat will sit close by, and
watch the disappearing head
act, but seldom sticks out a
paw. If it does, the hard feel
of the shell repelS it.
1t is to the credit of the
naked-tailed opoSSum that
it never makes any passes at
cats, but is merely curious.
Unquestionably the Virginia
opoSsum, as it is sometimes
called. is one of the best
forest denizens, and deserves
a great deal more respect
than it usually gets from
men and their dogs.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Narrowing the Cop

Inc question OF the danger
Of our industrial production
growth being surpassed by the
Soviets as raised in your edi-
torial. Narrowing the Gap"
Of November 16, requires, it
seems, some explanations.
First of all, industrial
growth in a country is guided
in its market expansion pos
SibilitieS by the amount of
industrial goods required by
its population. In this respect
the market of the United
States at present has little
chance of rapid expansion,
since the demands of the
majority Of its population are
satisfied or the market is
nearly saturated with indus
trial goods at the present rate
Of production. A different
picture is in the Soviet Union.
There almost every customer
is short of the majority of
industrial goods and until all
his needs are satisfied this
market is in a position to
absorb a sharp upturn in
industrial output.
Furthermore, in our free
society with its free economy
the law governing our indus
trial expansion is the law of
supply and demand and the
ultimate force in such an
expansion is, therefore, the
consumer with his ability and
desire to purchase goods. The
industry cannot further ex-
pand if its consumers are not
willing or are not able to buy
more, because otherwise the
inventories of industrial
goods will rapidly rise, which
will lead to a dangerous over
production and eventually
may bring a depression.
In the Soviet Union the
situation is completely diff
ferent. 1t is not a free but a
controlled economy where the
governing law of industrial
expansion is not the law of
supply and demand but the
dictates of the all-powerful
government which sets arbi-
trarily the rate of industrial
growth. The consumer. his
needs. his purchasing abilities
and his willingness to buy are
not the automatic governors
Of the industrial expansion of
the country. Not always for
economic reasons, but be-
cause of political or military
considerations, the produc-
ton quotas are set by the
planning government agen-
cies regardless of the natural
economic growth of the
country.
V. Walery.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Fumes VS.. Berries

If only the Department of
Health, Education, and We'll
fare were as quick on the
trigger in the local bus fumes
situation as in the cranber-
ries case. it would be a won-
derful help. to Washington
citizens. The Manor Park
Citizens Association endeav-
ored unsuccessfully to obtain
a comment from the Depart
ment of HEW, and also from
the DC. Department of Pub
lie Health, thsc might help
restrain the determined rush
OF Mr.. Chalk and the D. C.
Commissioners to jam our
city with super de luxe dou-
ble-king size buses. HEW
says it is authorized to assist
upon request of the State
and local governments con-
cerned." The DC. Depart
ment of Health "does not
have any recommendation"
The health of our citizens
must wait.
One can enviSion the fu-
ture autoist entering the city.
Windows and vents will be
closed, sealing within the
car a charge of fresh coun-
try air, ready for "submerg-
ence" in the city atmos-
phere. Air revitalizing equip
ment, such as used on nu-
clear submarines, will con-
tinuously revitalize and re-
circulate the air in the car.
Pedestrians? There won't be
any. They would have to
wear skin-diving equipment,
and anyway the sidewalks
will be too narrow and clut-
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Civil War Aqoin

I have noted in a recent
letter to the editor concern
ing the Civil War that the
author states that it is a
mistake to refight that con-
f1ict, even in pageantry. Then
this advocate of peace goes
on and blithely places the
blame for the blood spilled
during that tragic era on
the abolitioniSts.
I'd like to set the record
straight for this miSinformed
writer. Nowhere have I ever
read that the abolitionists
fired on Fort Sumter in 1861.
On the contrary, the flag of
this Nation was abused and
threatened and fired upon by
a despotic bunch of radicals
who would not wait for legal
and constitutional means of
settling the slavery question
and whose sole interest was
in protecting property en-
hanced by the toll of others.
And this was done despite
the fact that had they chosen
to do so war could have been
averted inasmuch as the
congressional majority was
in the hands of men of their
own political thinking and
belief.
Further, this radical bunch
paid no attention to the
urgings of President Lincoln
to act as men of good will
and to avoid bloodshed by
peaceful negotiations of the
problem. In fact they seized
F d eral installations, tore
down the flag, raised armies,
and some seeded from the
Union even before the in
auguration of President Lin
coin. Far be it for me to
ref1ght the Civil War, but it
seems me that most of the
ref1ghting is being done by
those whose thinking is the
same as the hotheads who
sought to destroy the Union
and this great Nation on the
shores of Charleston harbor
in April, 1861.
Albert A. Rapport.
Evening star., 1959-11-20
On Tending the Store

Surely all thinking Amer
leans give wholehearted sup
port to the President in his
deeply sincere efforts in the
remainder of his term to
bring about an easing of the
cold war, to foster world
peace and to prevent a nu-
clear war that could cost
200 million lives. And surely
the sum Of all our domestic
problems does not begin to
compare in Importance with
this great aim to which the
President is devoting most
of his attention.
One could wish, however,
that under these circum-
stances, and particularly in
an election year, the Con-
stitution and our system of
Government made some pro-
vision for an Acting Presi-
dent or Assistant President
for Domestic Affairs, to give
active and continuing ma
tional leadership to solving,
in the next IA months, the
problems of the steel strike,
a probable railway strike,
the missile-space lag, civil
rights, imitation, education,
farm surpluses, highways,
and juvenile delinquency, to
name a few.
/ do not mean to be flip,
but it appears that in the
next IA months, while the
President is occupied in his
great endeavor for world
peace, most other Govern
ment leaders are going to be
concentrating on their ef-
forts to be elected as Presi-
dent or Vice President.
Who will tend the store?
One could almost wish for
the return of a chastened
Sherman Adams.
J. Sam Mewhinney, Jr.
Evening star., 1959-11-20

@. Did President Wilson
proclaim a day of prayer dur
ing the First World WARP
d..
A. During the First World
War, President Wilson pro-
claimed three public days of
prayer. The first proclama-
ton, dated September 8, 1914,
proclaimed October 4 as
Peace Sunday" a day of
prayer for the peace of the
Nation; the second proclama-
ton set October %, 1918, as
a day of prayer in connec-
ton with the entrance of the
United States into the World
War, for the triumph of the
United States and Allies in
a righteous cause; the third
set May 80, 1918, as a day
Of prayer for counsel and
Evening star., 1959-11-20

wisdom for victory and peace
and for a general confession
Of sin and declaration of re-
lance upon Almighty God.
@. Who said that the way
to make money is to buy
cheap and sell dear?-F.C.
A. This is frequently quoted
as Baron Rothschild's reply
when he was asked how to
make money in the stock
market. However, BUY
cheape, sell deare" appeared
as long ago as 1895 in Thomas
Lodges "a Fig for Momus."
In the following century, John
Bunyan's character Mr.. Bad
man" made it his business
rule "to buy in the cheapest
market and sell in the dear.
est"
Evening star., 1959-11-20
ARLINGTON, Va.


Dear Sir:
Il saw something the other
FAY I want to tell you about.
1T was very early in the
morning, Just light, though
the silly Fast Time clock said
it should be very light.
Thank heaven, daylight
saving comes but once a year!
Il was standing there on
the back porch, in the semi
light, when a small creature
came ambling down the
driveway.
Il was astonished to see it
was an opossum. A very
young one.
1T came on steadily, its
mall head turned every now
nd then.
"Since this was the first
juch creature We had ever
seen in our neighborhood, !
was very much pleased. and
slightly proud of myself for
recognizing it.
Some people, I know.
shrink from possumS and
other small animals they are
not familiar with. and some
even call the police, I under
stand.
What interested me was
the reception the opoSsum
was going to receive from our
four household cats.
II had just let the cats
out for their morning run,
and they had not yet seen
the visitor.
Would they chase it?
The opoSSum now rounded
the corner of the house, and
deliberately walked over to
where the four cats had taken
up their stance.
+ + = 4
1.-THE 'poSsum came right up
TO old Blackie, the sire, and
gently sniff1ed his nose.
"Blackie, to my amazement,
did not do a thing-he just
stood there and shifted back!
"The visitor then moved
over slowly to the second cat.
and held his nose up for
recognition.
"It was almost as if he was
asking, Are you my mommy?'
He visited all four, and
Evening star., 1959-11-20

There is a taste-sorting
station at the base of the
brain.
1t is a tiny area of nerve
cells-a millimeter long and
wide and a half millimeter
thick-on the rear side of the
medulla oblongata, the SWELL
ing at the top of the spinal
cord which is considered the
beginning of the brain stem.
1t is buried about a milli-
meter below the surface of
the so-called "tractus soli-
tarius" in the medulla.
This has been reported to
the Office of Naval Research
by DR.. Carl Pfaffmann of
Brown University. Within
this almost pinhead mass of
cells some apparently re-
spond only to salt taste, some
to sugar. and some to sour to
degrees proportional to the
strength of the taste on the
tongue. Others seem to be
slightly responsive to all
tastes.
To Brain and Back
In this area the different
tastes apparently are sorted
out and then transmitted by
a complex nerve pathway to
the sensation area in the Ger
ebral corteX, or roof of the
brain, whence they are
transmitted back to the
tongue, where the individual
recognizes them as tastes.
All this, of course, takes only
a microfraction of a second
but one doesn't taste any
thing until the nerve-and-
brain circuit is completed.
The area was found by
ira cling nerves from the
tongue area and following
their course with electrodes
placed at likely locations. The
first electrical response came
from the medulla area.
From the same area there
was some slight response
from touch and heat applied
to the tongue. 1t has been
impossible to determine. how
ever, whether this applies to
the whole area and how far
these sensations overlap those
of taste.
TastelesS water also causes
a very slight and very tenn
porary response which
SCENE to be somewhat diff
erent from that produced by
touch alone.
The responses, DR.. Pfaf-
mann reports, seem to be the
same regardless of to which
part Of the tongue the taste
stimulus is applied. This was
somewhat surprising because
the actual sensation of taste
varies with different areas of
the tongue. The bitter taste
OF quinine, for example, is
experienced only on the back
of the tongue.
The experiments were car
ried out with rats in which
1t was possible to lay bare
the medulla. In humans, it is
believed, there would be
Evening star., 1959-11-20
Mr.. Thomas at IS

Norman Thomas, in his own words
"a great conservative in art and music"
marks his 18th birthday today. And it
is not at all paradoxicaI that tribute
to this fine American should come from
the Left, from the Right and from the
Center of our political spectrum.
For, whatever his tastes in art or
music, Mr.. Thomas has placed a note
Evening star., 1959-11-20
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry UrtterS correct
names and addresses All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton.