davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-12-09
The President in India

At least as far as Asia is concerned,
President Eisenhower now has reached
a climactic point in his unprecedented
goodwill tour of three continents. With
PakiStanS heart-warming welcome still
fresh in his mind, and after his brief
visit to AfghaniStan, he has arrived in
India at a moment when that country
and its "neutralist" government are filled
with the deepest kind of anxiety regard
ing Red ChinaS intentions.
Prime Minister Nehru, in a speech
delivered just hours before the PreSi-
dents landing at New Delhi, has summed
up the situation by Somberly declaring
that the Indian people must meet Pei
pings threat with "austerity and hard
ship. blood, sweat and tears for every one
of us. We must mobilize the nation
in arms. We must mentally and phySi-
cally be armed for the fray" Clearly,
these are words strongly suggesting that
he expects, though he still hopes for
peace, further dangerous clashes with
the Chinese Communists, who have bra
zenly moved in on India'S frontier in the
wake Of their brutal aggression in Tibet.
Against this background, Mr.. Nehru
has made a special point of hailing the
President as "a great leader of great
nation" and "a messenger of peace" who
has won "the heart of our country"
More than that, of course, Mr.. Eisen-
hover is also the Chief Executive of the
one major government in the world that
has consistently warned all free lands
including the "neutraliStS"-to be on
guard against Peiping'S criminal aggres-
siveneSS. India, unlike Pakistan and
other members of the Southeast Asia
Treaty Organization, has chosen to ig-
more the warning until recently, but
now it finds itself involved in an agoniz-
ing reappraiSal of its past policy.
The President, who is not on
negotiating mission designed to work
out firm decisions on matters of this
kind, can do nothing def1nitive in con-
nection with Red China's threat. But
undoubtedly he and Mr. Nehru will talk
at length about it, and also about the
possibility of fostering a marked i'm
provement in political, economic and
military relations between India and
PakiStan. In that sense, Mr.. EiSen-
hower'S stay in New Delhi-the longest
on his tour-may have consequences Of
far-reaching significance for Asia and
the world at large.
Evening star., 1959-12-09

Federal Government, he said, should
therefore bear the cost, with little help
anticipated from Arlingtonians. Pre-
cisely the same point, in regard to Dis
trict residents, was made in Capitol Hill
testimony by Engineer Commissioner
yelling.
What both these officials, and a
good many other people, we suspect, fail
to recognize is that these massive flows
of commuters from the hinterlands are
going to have to find their way into
downtown Washington, regardless of
whether the proposed system is built or
not. The alternatives to rapid transit
and Strategically placed freeways, how
ever, are future floods of traffic conges-
ton so heavy they will blight the close-in
areas as effectively as plague.
We agree fully with Mr.. Kaul that
the Federal Government is going to have
to finance at least the initial phases
OF such system If it is to be built.
But there is no realism in the view
that the residents of local jurisdic-
tions might escape financial participa-
tion later, through user taxes or some
other form Of payment. The individual
entities Of the Washington region are
bound together by problem as basic
as transportation, and their mutual
interests in solution are too closely
1ntertwined for them to forget it.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
All for One

At recent meeting Of the Arlington
County Board, member Ralph Kaul sue
cumbed to the same attack of nearsight-
edneSS which has afflicted a number of
other area officials in connection with
the regions proposed mass transporta-
tion system.
Arlington, according to Mr.. Kauls
reasoning, would realize little or no ben
eft from the massive new facilities be-
cause their main function would be to
transport citizens from farther out in
the%Spuntry to the city and back. The
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Defends Redskins

John H. Dalton, Assistant
Professor of Economics, Uni
versity of Maryland, takes
George Marshall to task for
discrimination in the selec-
ton of football players. 1t is
not the purpose of this note
to defend Marshall, or accuse
him, but to express concern
over certain implications by
Mr.. Dalton.
In his letter he implies that
the operations Of a profes-
sional football team-a pri-
vate entertainment enter
prise-should be of concern
to the Congress of the United
States. To my knowledge no
one has yet declared profess
sional football to be endowed
with a public interest to the
extent of putting it into the
class of a public utility.
MARYLAND Taxpayer.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Amazed at Scientists

In The Star OF December
2, William Hines reported on
the conclusions Of a group of
experts concerning the ad-
vantages for physical science
to be derived from explora-
ton of the moon. 1t was
stated that 1.-The scientists
agreed that the moon is life
less and probably always has
been. For this reason" they
said. "the question Of con-
taminating' the moons sur
face with earthly bacteria
on space probes before man
gets there is Of secondary
Importance" This Is, indeed,
an amazing statement for a
group of eminent physical
scientists to make. The moon
is, in fact, of transcendent
Importance to those biologists
interested in the origin of
life on earth and in the uni
verse. 1t may be quite true
that the moon is 'lifeleSS,"
but there is certainly no evi-
dence available at this time
to indicate: (a) that spores
(from the earth or else
where) or other resistant liv-
ing bodies are not to be
found on the moons surface,
or CD that precursors Of
living organisms, such as
nucleic acids, polypeptides,
amino acids, etc., are not
present.
Since the moon is quite
obviously to be the first "vir-
gin territory" of our solar
system that man will explore,
1t would be an error of
great magnitude to ignore
the unique opportunity af-
forded to biologists because
OF a priori conclusions of
physical scientists concern
ing life or life precursors on
the moon. 1t may be noted
that the Russian workers
recognized this important
point when they assured BIZ
ologists that their recent
moon rocket was "Sterilized"
before it reached the moons
surface.
Raymond N. DOetSch,
Associate Professor of
Microbiology, Univer-
sity of Maryland.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
A Successful Drive

Although the 1859 United GiverS
Fund campaign has fallen somewhat
short of its $7,133 900 goal, it was very
successful effort, measured by past fund
raising accomplishments. The Sc, 600, ,797
so far reported not only is about "a per
cent of the total sought but is the largest
sum ever raised in the Washington area
in similar drive. Furthermore, contri-
buttons are continuing to come to UGF
headquarters. 1t is expected that the
final total will be close to $6,850,000.
This achievement does credit to all
who participated in this area-wide So
licitation-and especially to Campaign
Chairman Charles E. Phillips and his as
sociate leaders who gave so much time,
energy and enthusiasm to the commu-
nifty undertaking. 1t is fortunate for the
UGF that Mr.. Phillips will continue to
give the fund the benefit of his expe-
rience and leadership-aS president of
UGF to succeed Carleton D. Smith. Mr..
Smith during his two terms as president
set fast pace for Mr.. Phillips to follow.
The next task is to find a campaign
chairman to replace Mr.. Phillips The
sooner this post is filled, the sooner plan
ming can begin for next years campaign.
And it has been found that an early start
is essential to the formation of a we'll
trained effective organization. Next
year emphasis should be placed on the
business canvass, for it was in this area
that the 1859 drive Jagged. If the busi-
ness community will respond as whole
heartedly as the governmental sector
responded this year, the 1860 goal
undoubtedly could be attained without
difficulty.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Corcorun Exhibit

sSNNA 90 AS0kSNSbO0 w eAOAAAAA6
ton art critics have expressed
the opinion that a number of
good Washington artists have
not submitted work to the
14th annual area exhibition
currently on display at the
Gallery Of Art. Regrettable
though this may be there is
little that the gallery can do
to encourage artists to submit
work to a juried exhibition.
Each artist may or may not
think that the juror will like
his work, may or may not
think that he stands to gain
from having his work dis
played, may or may not have
something available to sub
NIT, or may or may not ap-
prove of juried shows as a
matter Of principle.
All that the gallery can
hope is that every work sub
mitted to a juried exhibition
will be fairly considered by a
competent juror. There can
be no question that the jury
of the 14th annual area ex-
hibition was competent and
did its work conscientiously.
Much as the entries of ar
lists Of the first rank must be
welcome in such an exhibi-
ton, it must be remembered
that these artists usually have
regular commercial outlets,
and that their regulations
are, in most cases, already
made. Lesser known artists,
on the other hand, stand to
gain local and sometimes ma
tional recognition from hav-
ing works displayed in the
area exhibition. 1t is i'm
portant that the critics judge
the exhibition in this con-
text. Indeed, it would seem to
me that the most objective
criteria for judging the ex-
hibition are: Is this years
exhibition better than last
years? How does it compare
with the other local exhi-
billions?
I have had the opportunity
of jurying local exhibitions
in several other cities, and I
have come to the conclusion
that the Washington Area
Exhibition compared most
favorably with most Of them.
Indeed, five museums in other
cities have asked us to make
available to them a circulat-
ing exhibition made up OF
pictures selected from the
Area Exhibition.
Furthermore, even though
some artists may have mis-
givings about the exhibition,
many memoers of the public
are paying it the most elo-
quent tribute: Sales to date
have totaled $3,366.91., Last
year they amounted to ST.
SOB at the end of the exhibi-
tion.
Let it be emphasized that
the Gallery organizes the
Area Exhibitions as q public
service to the Was pgton
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Dioqenes' Vision off?

"Diogenes'" letter concern
ing drip and dribble" art in
dicates that the writer has
serious symptoms of intellec-
tual and artistic qualification,
plus physical and mental
myopia. to say nothing of a
faulty wick for his lamp. Any
way you look at it, his vision
is limited.
In the first place, my title
for the art is drip and driz-
zle," not drip and dribble. I"
Anyone whose perception is
so poor as not to properly
identify a quotation obviously
is not qualified to criticize the
type of art he wishes to dis
cuss. Secondly, the writer
sounds like the type person
who became simply amazed
at his ability to identify and
possibly paint a red barn and
a haystack and never fully
recovered from this excep-
tional performance. In the
interest Of better illumina-
ton and education. I should
like to offer a personal award
of 500 if "Diogenes" can
produce a competent art
critic who will identify more
than nine non-objective items
of painting in the American
Art Leagues entire exhibition
at the Smithsonian.
Here is an excellent oppor-
tunity for "Diogenes" to OBJ
tain a new lamp or a new
wick for same. This offer is
good until December 80, 1859.
Francis C. Peters,
President, American Art
League Inn
Evening star., 1959-12-09

@. What truth is there to
the old saying that a hard
battle will bring on a storm?
Il. E.
A. Rain often follows a
battle, but the battle does
not cause the storm. Weather
experts have suggested the
following reason for the old
saying: The movements of
troops that precede a battle
must generally be carried out
in fair weather, as dry roads
are an important factor in
such movements. AS these
preliminarieS often take sew
eral days, the end Of q dry
spell Of average duration is
quite hk y to be reached by
Evening star., 1959-12-09

Two Navy icebreakers this
winter win explore the I'M
penetrable Sea.
This is the Sea Of Bellings-
hausen, broad arm of the
Antarctic just southwest of
the Palmer Peninsula. the
northern extension Of the
polar continent towards
South America.
In 140 years, since Admiral
Fabyan Won Bellingshausen
Of the Russian navy first
sailed into its icebergs and
lowering phantoms with two
wooden ships, no vessel ever
has been able to reach its
shores. At least 10 expedi-
tions have followed Bellings-
hausen's trail, but with lit
tie more success.
The sea is especially notable
for fantastic optical phe-
nomena, phantoms, the
looming" Of shore noun
tains. Particularly abundant
are the so-called parhelia
and parselene. These appear
as refractions Of the sun or
moon, respectively and take
the form Of symmetrically
arranged floating rings and
mock images Of many colors.
Sunrise and sunset appear as
high arches with the colors
of the spectrum extending
from the top Of the arch to
the horizon opposite the sun.
Other Strange Sights
Solar and lunar haloS are
produced by refraction and
reflection through and from
ice crystals, and appear as
rings, mock images, contra
images and zenith circles.
Solar corona appear as sew
eral rings, white to brown in
color.
There are many "fog
bows" due to the refraction
Of water particles. They are
related to rainbows, the COL
ors varying with the size Of
the cloud droplets. The
smaller the drops the lighter
the colors. extending to
white rainbows."
Iridescent clouds are
brighter than other forms of
light phenomena and appear
as q deep blue central tract
with banded margins Of vivid
purple, orange and green.
Earth shadows are believed
to be produced by mountain
peaks, and take the form Of
dark blue bands projected
into the sky. Auroras are
frequent.
All these may be seen in
other parts of Antarctica, but
are much more frequent in
BellingShauSen's Sea, the
worlds true never-never
realm.
Winds generally are vio-
lent. There are only about so
Evening star., 1959-12-09
We'll Done

AT our recent monthly
membership meeting, the
Federation of Business Mems
Associations, which COM
prises various business as
sociationS in Metropolitan
Washington and its suburbs,
voted unanimously that a
letter of commendation be
sent to The Star for the fine
campaign waged on the
used Car Rackets," and
also that our assistance be
offered in order that we may
unite in the creation and
support of laws to abolish
such rackets.
Please extend our con-
gratulations to your editorial
staff for a job well done" f"
Lillian G. Clark,
Secretary, Federation of
Business Mems Associa-
tions, Inc.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Sees Parallel

Re the Chinese Commu-
mist Sixty-mile invasion of
India, furthering, as it did,
the Communist genocide of
the Tibetan people: Secre-
tary of State Herter, "I do
not know which is right,
India or Communist China. ."
Re Chinese Communist
seizure of United States
Marine Guard Armstrong of
the American Consulate in
B o m b ay, India, and the
Chinese Communist counter
charge against the United
States: Nehru, IT do not
know which is right, the
United States or Communist
China"
"And if the blind guide the
blind, both shall fall into a
pit. Matthew XIV, IA.
Charles M. Cooke,
Admiral, United States
Navy (Retired).
SOnOma. Calf
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Defends McGM

Though, I am sure Ralph
McGill would never claim
such distinction, his criti-
ciSm of the meaningless
ness of the Soteriologico-
orthodox churches in modern
culture recalls the criticism
OF other men, of such critics
OF past orthodoxies as Christ
and Luther. That the sup
porters of orthodoxy should
rise in anger is to be ex-
pected, but that they should
talk of suppression (as did
reader Lloyd Buchanan in his
letter of December q while
inveighing against their crit
les is completely out of order,
especially since they reside
In a nation whose form of
government is based upon
the writings of iconoclasts,
skeptics and unitarians, men
such as Voltaire, Rousseau,
Franklin and jefferson. 1t
is strange that such angry
men" (as reader Buchanan
do not lash out at some of
the founders of our Nation
because of their confirming
men in their ignorance of
the Word" as did Ben Frank
lin when he stated in a letter
to President Styles of Yale
College: CAS- to Jesus of Naza-
reth, my opinion of whom
you particularly desire, I
think His system of morals
and His religion, as He left
them to us, the best the world
ever saw or is like to see; but
l apprehend it has received
various corrupting changes,
and I have, with most of the
present Dissenters IN Eng
land, some doubts as to His
divinity ;"
This tradition which Frank
lin represented and which
Ralph McGill represents to-
day is that of intellectual and
spiritual freedom, which is a
complete and absolute free
dom, and which in times Of
crisis or decay speaks out in
criticism against all forces
which would destroy it.
Robert X. Haycraft.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Those persons who call the
police the moment they see
what is to them a strange
animal in the yard ought to
give UP the repressed feeling,
and take a good long look.
They would soon discover
that the animal is nothing
more than an oposSum, COM
mon enough in the country,
not so common in the sub
urbs, and positively rare In
the city.
*& -
A fox in the city once dis
turbed a resident so much
that she called the police to
report a lion, as she said, in
her yard.
1t turned out to be just q
fox, a rather perturbed fox,
at that, offering no danger
whatever to anything, except
perhaps to a wandering hen
that might have been going
that way but wasn't.
The lion" in other words,
proved to be entirely harm
less, either as the king Of
beasts, which it was not, or an
ordinary fox out Of place,
which it was.
People often mista ke
opossumS, especially the
smaller ones, for rats. This is
on account of the long naked
tail, of course.
Sometimes these show up
in Chevy Chase, and now and
then in Georgetown, coming
up from the river.
We seldom see the raccoon
in these parts, in city or
suburbs, which is just as well
for this beautiful creature.
Its appeal, unfortunately,
to nine out Of 10 persons is
toward its destruction.
This desire to slay what
one is not familiar with lies
in the back of every human
being, and must be watched,
If one is determined to get
the most out of life.
Killing seems very satis-
factory to many, so perhaps
nothing can be done about
it, except to suggest to others
that they be not that way,
that in their refraining from
inf1icting unnecessary deaths
they somehow and someway
carry forward the divine
purpose. which seems to be
that things live and breathe
and have their being.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Chevy Chase.

NLlCNJ N1ldOCs
Dear Sir:
81 want to tell you about
our carpenter bee.
He appeared first in the
ceiling Of the back porch. I
didn't know what he was
until that very afternoon, I
read your article about him.
"I watched the big bee for
q time, then grabbed q roll
of tape and placed a piece
Of it over the hole.
Some time later I felt
rather ashamed of myself.
interfering with nature this
way, so climbed up again
and took the seal of.
"It didn't seem to worry
the bee one bit.
He was right in there
pitching, or boring. or saving,
whatever it is he does.
y
"I was first attracted to
him by tell-tale sawdust on
the porch floor.
Looking up, I saw the
hole, and then the bee.
"At first I wasn't sure, I
thought it might be a boring
insect of some other sort,
but after I had read your
article, I was at ease.
II let him stay there, and
I saw the creature almost
every day, for a time, and
then no more.
II am glad I let him alone,
because as far as I can see
or tell, he caused no real
damage, and was a very fine
looking bee, or bumblebee,
or humblebee, as the books
: call him.
"It is a pleasure to be able
to watch nature at work
without getting excited be-
cause Of something strange
to US.
"It is the strangeness, after
all, that makes nature inter-
esting.
Sincerely, J.J."
\ + =
Fortunately for most Of
us, everything in nature is
strange.
If we look at what we see
with wide open eyes, and a
mind not inhibited or re-
pressed, we see so much more.
A great deal has been said
in the past 20 years about not
repreSSing children; some
times this lack of repression
might be extended to adults
with benefit.
Evening star., 1959-12-09
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Navy to Explore ImpenetrobIe Sea

days a year Of calm or feeble
winds. The air Is saturated
with water vapor, which set
ties down as fog or snow.
Humidity usually is above 30
percent. Snowfall or ice de-
posits from fog have been
recorded 257 days Of the
year, and drizzling rain on IA
days. The sky is almost con-
stantly obscured by clouds or
low mists. q
Actually the region is not
very cold during the Antarc-
tic summer. Temperature Of
ten rises above freezing.
In the sea are two large
and still mysterious islands,
Peter I and Alexander I, first
placed on maps by Bellings-
hausen and seldom visited
since. The first, seen by the
Russian admiral from a dis
tance Of about IS miles, is
entirely covered with ice. No
bare rock is visible. except
where slopes are very precip-
itous. The most notable fea-
ture Is Lars christensen
Peak, about 1000 feet high.
the rounded dome of an ex.
tinct volcano.
Several glaciers terminate
at the shore in the form of
fiat ice cliffs. The seaward
edge Of some Of these appear
to be floating.
1t was not until 1927-more
than a century after Bellings-
hausen-that the island first
was visited by a Norwegian
whaler.
May Find New Islands
Considerably larger. essen
tally at the entrance to the
sea Of phantoms, is Alexander
! Island, about 235 miles long
and $50 miles wide, traversed
by three great mountain
ranges reaching elevations of
more than a mile. This is.
land is not especially difficult
to approach.
The sea contains very few
lakes of open water such as
are not uncommon in the
larger Ross and Weddell seas
and the ice pack, which seems
like part of the continent
usually is exceptionally thick.
1t has for the most part been
tmpenetrable to exploring
ships in the past but, it is be-
lieved. should afford much
less difficulty to the Navy's
powerful new ice breakers
which can slash their way
through a ten-foot pack al
most as If it were tissue
paper.
1t is expected to get the
expedition under way as soon
as possible after the start Of
the brief Antarctic summer
about Jan. l. Possibility Of
discovering any new land is
considered remote, although
some now unknown islands
may be added to the map.
Evening star., 1959-12-09

community, and that it is
quite as eager as the critics
and the artists themselves to
present an exhibition of the
highest possible merit, an ex-
hibition that will be truly
encouraging to the better
established and the lesser
known artist in equal meas
ure.
Herman Warner williams, jr.,
Director. Corcoran Gallery
of Art
Evening star., 1959-12-09
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used "
letters carry DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtfon
Evening star., 1959-12-09

@. Was the earliest known
ancestor Of Johann Sebas-
tan Bach a musician? mp.
A. The first Bach ancestor
OF whom anything much Is
known was Veit Bach. 4
"white-bread baker" who fled
from Hungary to GERMANY
because of his Lutheran
faith. Most of the Bachs Of
succeeding generations were
practickg musicians Or COM
posers
Evening star., 1959-12-09

the time the engagement is
fairly begun, and rain will
then be due in accordance
with the normal program Of
nature. -
Evening star., 1959-12-09
Questions and Answers
By THE HASKTN SERVICE

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