Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-27

MT, UuttituuHI VOtWeT SOVeFHof W
New York and ex-Ambossodor TO
Greet Britain and Russio, recently
visited Pokiston strong mon Gen.
Mohommod Ayub Khon 10 get Pok-
iston's side OF It's erueiol disputes
with lndio. M. HorTimon will leove
shortly for Russia and Europe, where
he will continue his eyewitness
reports.
question. This involves six
rivers, three Of which flow into
West Pakistan from India. The
Indian program for irrigation,
by diverting water from pres
emily irrigated lands. would
strange Pakistan." Until this
issue is settled, Pakistan will
continue to distrust India and
rely on military strength.
Always in the background is
the deadlocked dispute over the
status of KaShmir. And then,
there are minor border disputes
still causing loss Of life by mill
tary action on both sides. But
Gen. Ayub indicated that agree
ment on the river waters would
end the most immediate threat,
and other negotiations. might
follow.
I'VE would gladly be reason
able If the Indians were." he
told me, and suggested that the
two countries might reduce
their military expenditures and
ultimately think in terms Of
common defense" instead Of
defense against each other.
Coming from Pakistan's
strong man, this attitude Is q
new and hopeful sign in a de-
pressing situation. Unlike his
predecessors who often played
on popular emotions to con-
Solidate their power, Gen. Ayub
appears to be a man with the
strength and self-assurance to
be moderate. This year. for
example. he became the first
Pakistani leader to attend the
annual celebration Of India's
national holiday at the Indian
High Commission in Karachi.
This gesture was favorably
noted in New Delhi; it made 1t
easier for Nehru to quiet the
uproar in India this month
when the new bilateral defense
pact between Pakistan and the
United States was signed.
Need Each Others Trade
The importance of better
relations between these two
countries, linked together by
so much history, cannot be
overestimated. They need to
trade with each other. (For
example. Pakistan should be
obtaining more Indian coal
instead of going as far afield
as Poland and China: and
India needs Pakistan jute to
keep its mills going)
AS partners in the struggle
for independence against Britt
ish rule, they should now be |
partners in building up their
countries and in preserving
their freedom against the new
colonialism of their Communist
neighbors across the Hima-
/ layas.
Unhappily, United States pol
icies have aggravated rather
than eased the situation, and
contributed to an arms race
detrimental to both countries.
In emphasizing the military,
the Eisenhower administration
has failed to appreciate the ur-
gency of economic progress as
dem cracy'S best defense
against Communist subverSion
n this area.
Right now, both sides think
we should get tough with the
other. The Indians want us to
stop arms shipments to Pakis-
tan. And, as one PakiStani told
me, American economic assis-
lance to India should not only
have strings attached, but a
rope: not another penny until
India settles its differences with
your ally, Pakistan."
Need to Ease Tensions
1t seems to me that all our
efforts should be directed to
reducing tensions between In