davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
In Panama.:
No Revolt

When Fidel Castro led his
bearded enthusiasts across Cuba
last December and swept Dictator
Fulgencio BatiSta from power,
he told Cubans and the world
that other dictators were going
to be toppled too. After the first
burst of enthusiasm, however,
Mr.. Castro modified his stand.
Belatedly aware of the necessi-
ties of international responsible
ties. he assured his neighbors
that Cuba would not interfere in
their internal affairs.
But some of his more eager
followers appear to have taken
their liberation" mission seri-
ously. A large group of them,
uniformed and armed, landed in
Panama during the last two
weeks to lead a revolt" that
failed to materialize. The Gu
bans, linked by the Panamanian
government of President Ernesto
de la Guardia with certain dis
gruntled Panamanian politicians,
expected a general strike and a
labor revolt. They were disap-
pointed in that, and quickly cor
nered by National Guard troops.
The Organization of American
States moved swiftly to head of
a threat to the hemisphere's
peace. A special investigating
committee headed by Fernando
Lobo Of Brazil reached the rebels.
obtained guarantees Of no execu-
tons from President de la Guar
dia, and arranged a surrender.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03

minican Party was organized in
1881 and through it Trujillo care
fully handles legislation in a
thoroughly legalistic fashion.
Dominican exiles in Cuba, Ven
ezuela and New York speak hope
fully of topping the bemedaled
Benefactor of the Fatherland-
one of the titles voted by the Do
minican congressA-but this may
take a lot of doing.
To threats of invasion by the
exiles-supposedly with the help
of volunteers from Cuba and
Venezuela-Trujillo replied in typ
ical fashion.
He strengthened his armed
forces. implied that he might
counterattack if necessary. and
organized an anti Communist
foreign legion" The legion, made
up largely of Dominicans, was
given the anti Communist tag
because Trujillo likes to make peo-
pie think that all his foes are
Reds or fellow travellers. The Com
nuniSt Party has been outlawed
in the Dominican Republic since
1886.
He is reputed to have an eff
cient army numbering around
$4,000 and a good little air force
by Caribbean standards. The goal
of the foreign legion" is given
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
BY WILLIAM r. FRYE
Contributing Writer

UNITED NATIONS, N. YIN
the long view of history, Red
China's suppression of Tibet may
well prove to have been at least as
important as any of the other
major events Of the spring Of 1859
the politico-military crisis in
Central Europe, the Soviet Unions
intensified drive into the Middle
East, and the initiation of major
East West cold-war negotiation.
if that is what develops at Geneva.
This is saying a great deal.
because events now getting under
way in Europe and the Middle
East could re-draw the whole
political map as we have known
it in our part of the world. and
fundamentally alter the East
West balance of military power.
But. If as a result of the tragedy
in Tibet, relationships between
the two great emerging giants of
Asia-India and China-are
turned upside down, and an open
rivalry develops, historians so
years hence may well assign it
very high priority indeed.
A careful reading of the speech
Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru made in his Parliament last
week is an Illuminating experience.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Delinquency:
Shocker

A Senate committee came up
with a new statistical shocker
last week to illustrate the con-
tinuing seriousness of the prob
lem of juvenile delinquency.
One out of five boys in the 10
to-17-year bracket, the Senate
study showed, has appeared in
court on some offense that quail
f1es him as a juvenile delinquent.
This adds up nationally to IL
million youths in what has been
called the delinquency genera
ton"
The report by a special sub
committee on juvenile delin-
quency showed that the number
of delinquents continued to in
crease through 1857, for the ninth
straight year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
A REPORT FROM THE u. NJ
Nehru's DisiI|usionment Road

The speech was delivered shortly
after Nehru had gone to Mus
Soorie for a face-to-face talk
with the quiet. appealing 24-year-
old Dalai Lama, who had just fed
from Red Chinese guns. Nehru
presumably received a vivid eye
witness account of the affair.
That it shook the Indian leader
is evident in the tone and SUBJ
stance of what he told Parlia-
ment. There was, to be sure, lip
service to "our desire to maintain
friendly relations with China"
but this was not-aS it had always
been in the paSt-the principal
theme of the speech. 1t was, in
fact, almost incidental.
The impact Of the speech was
(a) an indignant rebuttal of Red
Chinese allegations against India;
(b) an expression of anguish over
the tragedy" in Tibet, and Co an
accusation that Peiping had vio-
lated its pledged word.
Must Not Be Enemies
To measure the significance of
this outburst, it need only be re-
called that the whole basis of
midas foreign policy since she
won independence from the Brit
ish in 1947 has been Nehru's con-
viction that India and China must
not repeat in Asia the centuries
of Franco-German hostility in
Europe.
AL almost any cost he has
sought to maintain friendship with
the giant across the Himalayas.
He has trod many long miles in
Self-abnegation and restraint,
blurring in the procesS-at least,
so it often seemed to Westerners-
the clear distinction between right
and wrong which Mahatma Gan
dhi had left to India as its great
moral inheritance.
Has Nehru now come to the end
of the road? Not, perhaps, if
Peiping relents and reverses its
course in Tibet. But at this writ
ing there is no visible sign of such
a reversal. 1t may be. too. that the
Tibetans themselves would now
refuse a compromise under which
they got back merely their former
autonomy.
Washington and Taipen have
been careful latter initial FUN
bling not to seem to give sub
stance to the Communist charge
that the Tibetan ,evolt was pro-
voked, organized. or supported, in
the free world. AS a result Tibet
has stood out in all its STARK
nakedneSS as an instance of Com
munist imperialism and betrayal.
This is why it has caused such a
profound mental unheaval in New
Delhi and elsewhere in Asia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Charges VitrioHc

But Friday the Peiping charges
were renewed with fresh vitriol.
India was leading "a foreign inter-
ventioniSt plot to undermine
China's unif1cation," the slogans
began. Mr.. Nehru himself was
disappearing the Tibetan sit
uation" by attributing to a nom
existent nationaliSm "h einous
crimes by a handful of Tibetans
in collaboration with foreign
forces"
The Chinese Communist Party
made some changes in its top
leadership last week. Most i'm
portant was the replacement of
Mao TSe-tung, undisputed leader
of the party, as President of the
Republic by Liu Shao-chi, noted
as Communist theoretician and a
party veteran. But Mr.. Mao re-
tainS his Craftsmanship of the
party's Central Committee, the
real position of power in a Com
munist state.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03

In the past India often has
failed to understand why the
West wanted self-enforcing guar
antees from the Communists be-
fore agreements were made
which, if broken, could affect
military security.
Nucleor Test Ban
Hence her demand for an UNI
enforced, or ill-enforccd ban on
nuclear-weapons tests; hence In
dia's support for elimination of
all nuclear weapons by enforce
able decree; hence much of
midas whole diplomatic line in
the UN on cold-war issues. Why
not trust the Communists? Indian
diplomats have asked.
Now Nehru himself has had
bitter personal experience with
misplaced trust. when Premier
Chou En-lai came here two or
three years ago." the Prime Mn
lister told the Indian Parliament,
HE was good enough to discuss
Tibet with me at considerable
length. He told me 4. they con-
sidered Tibet an autonomous re-
gion which would enjoy autonomy.
He told me further that it was
absurd for anyone to imagine that
China was going to force COM
munism on Tibet"
Whether there will be any i'm
mediate discernible change in In
dian policy on East West issues is
problematical. No doubt Nehru
will want to wait and go on striv-
ing for reconciliation with Pei
ping SO long as there is any hope
of hating further bloodshed
thereby. The West will simply
have to sit quietly by and let him
make this effort. He cannot be
hurried.
But if the effort fails, the West
could eventually hope 70 see a
very different v. K. Krishna
Menon or a different Indian
repreSentative-in the UN Gen.
eral Assembly; relief from Indian
pressure for a detente between
Red China and the United States
on Instantaneous terms - in
deed, virtually on terms of un-
conditional American surrender;
and a more truly neutral-to be
frank, more trustworthy-inter-
mediary for tasks of East-West
Cancellation and adjustment.
The first test is due to come
May s when a UN committee on
outer space convenes here. Rus
STA is boycotting the committee;
will India attend?
The West would be wise not to
crow too soon, or to say to Nehru,
I'VE told you So" This long hard
road of establishment he must
walk alone.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
PotrolIing the Waters

Under GAS auspices, United
States and other nations warships
patrolled the waters off Panama to
head off any new landing parties
from Cuba. With all 20 member
nations Notwithstanding Cuba
the GAS Council voted about
efforts to prevent the rebellion in
Panama, to approve Panama's re-
quest for small arms, and to ask
member states to prevent activities
on their own territories aimed at
the overthrow of other states.
Fidel Castro himself, in Buenos
Aires to attend 21-nation Latin
American economic conference,
condemned the Panamanian re-
bellion as "indefensible."
In another Latin American de-
velopment, Argentina last week
banned all activity by the Com
muniSt Party and closed party Of
fees. Two Communist newspapers
had already been suppressed.
President Arturo Frondisi's gov
eminent blames Communist lead
ership for indictments and street
riots. Five Communist diplomats
also have been told to leave,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
SENATE

Nomination of Mrs. Clare Booth
Luce to be Ambassador to Brazil
succeeding Ellis o. Briggs. Con-
firmed 79-1l Cd 46-11; r $500,
April 20. 1859.
FOR: Robertson, Democrat Of Virginia:
Beel and Butler. Republicans Of Mary
land.
S 144. A bill to give the Admin
istrator of the Rural Electrified
ton Administration final author
ity to approve or disapprove REA
loans. Johnson. Democrat of Tex
as, motion to pass the bill over the
Presidents veto 1.-TWO thirds ma
jority requiredD. Passed 64-29
ID SOL, r 6-28), April %. 1859.
FOR. Robertson, Democrat of Virginia.
AGAINST: Beall md Butler, Republicans
OF Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
THE FOREIGN SCENE

becoming and devoid of sub
stance" Peiping, he declared, was
"resorting to the language of the
cold war" Totally absurd, he said,
we're the Chinese explanations for
the Tibetan uprising 8 - that
"upper-strata reactionaries" were
behind the revolt.
Peiping reacted to the Nehru
remarks curiouSly. InSted of loos-
ing the usual blasts or treating the
Indian speech with silence, the
text of the Prime Minister'S ad-
dress was printed in semi-oficial
newspapers without comment. All
Communist organizations, student
groups, communes, collectiveS and
others were urged to study the
statement carefully.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
THE NATIONAL SCENE

labor legislation at the current ses-
sion Of Congress.
President Eisenhower last week
threw his prestige behind the eff
forts of House Republicans and
some Democrats to put more teeth
in the bill approved by the Senate
week ago.
He declared the Kennedy Erwin
bill has very definite weaknesses"
He singled out the watered-down
version of the bill of rights" that
provided the key TO the compro-
mise hammered out in Senate de-
bate. He liked the bill of rights
as it was originally proposed by
Senator Mcclellan, Democrat OF
Arkansas, Mr.. Eisenhower said,
but he criticized the compromise
version as an inadequate sub
Stitute.
The President also stood by his
stand that the labor reform bill
should contain the major revisions
to the Taft-Hartley law sought by
the administration re-
strictions on secondary boycotts
and "blackmail" picketing.
All in all, he declared, he was
very much disappointed" by the
Senate bill.
1t will probably be mid-June
before the labor bill reaches the
floor of the House. Several more
weeks of hearings are planned
before the Labor Committee
headed by Representative Barden,
Democrat of North Carolina, who
is among advocates of a tougher
bill.
Prospects are, however, that
the committee will produce a bill
similar to the Senate version. The
battle will come on the floor of
the House when an expected
coalition of Republicans and
Southern Democrats attempts to
add toughening amendments to
the committee bill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Middle East:
Red Gains?

Repeated warnings that Iraq is
on the verge of falling into the
Communist lap were given strong
confirmation Tuesday by Allen w.
Dulles, director of the Central In
tellig ence Agency. He told the
Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee that tn. Iraqi situation was
1.-THE most dangerous in the world
today"
The government Of Premier
Abdul Karin Kassem, in power
since the bloody overthrow last
summer of King Feisal and
Premier Nuri es-Said, has re-
portedly been coming more and
more under the influence of the
powerful Iraqi Communist Party.
An abortive revolt attempt in
March by Army elements friendly
to United Arab Republic Presi-
dent NaSser widened the breach
between the UAR and Iraq and at
the same time brought Communist
influences closer to the Kassem
regime than ever.
Mr.. Dulles. although pessimistic
on the situation. stressed that
Iraq had not yet reached the
point Of no return" He said the
Premier himself is not a Com
munist and that influences for
democracy and pan-Arab senti-
ment worked against any sue
cessful Communist takeover.
Iraq's neighbors, Iran, Syria
and Turkey. are making no secret
of their concern over the Com
munist gains in Baghdad. Making
the situation more difficult for
the West is the continuing cool
ness between Western nations and
President Nasser. Although the
UAR leader has been attacking
communism bitterly of late. his
relations with Moscow are still
good enough to place him in an
equivocal position in Western eyes.
The absence of cordially between
the JAR and the West handicaps
any Western efforts to avert a
Communist coup in Iraq.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
INSIDE CHURCHILL'S MIND

And what mind full of Woshnes
Churchill brings with him when he
fontOhe cuvuIy subun
descendant Marlborough family the glance
the eost hats galore
l940 for
and the clock symbols indeed this full
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
The Procedure

The REA has been a part of
the Agriculture Department for
20 years. The power to review REA
loan applications was given to the
Secretary of Agriculture in 1858
under a reorganization plan rec
commended by the Hoover Com
mission.
Senator Humphreys chief argu-
ment for taking the review au-
thority away from the Secretary
was that no Government agency
in the business of making loans
should be under the thumb of
political appointee. The REA Ad-
ministrator is appointed for a 10
year term to keep the Office free
of political entanglementS.
Secretary Benson said it made
no sense for him to retain admin
istrative control over the REA
while relinouishing control over its
loan operations.
In his veto message, Mr.. Eisen-
hover held that the bill would
have marked "a major retreat
from sound administrative policy
and practice"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Attacking His Critics

as $4,000, but it may turn out to
be much smaller.
Attacking His Critics
Dominican newspapers and ra-
dio stations direct a steady flow
Of epithets at those who have been
most critical of the generalissimo
Prime Minister Fidel Castro of
Cuba, President Romulo Betan-
court of Venezuela. ex-PreSident
Jose Figures Of Costa RIGA and
Gov. Luis Munoz Marin of Puerto
Rico.
His brother, Hector, 81, was
given the presidency by election
in 1852, and reelected in 1857
for another five-year term. Hector
is reported to have much ability,
but lacking the benefactor's per-
sonality and dramatic touch. Hec-
tor formerly commanded the ma
tional police and also has the title
of generalissimo by act of Con-
greSS.
The dictator's Oldest son, 30
year-old Gen. Rafael Leonidas
Tujillo. ir., who figured as play
boy in Hollywood last year, is
chairman of the joint chiefs of
staff. The young man, nicknamed
Ramfls, was colonel when a
young boy.
Gen. Jose Garcia Trujillo,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Labor:
The Bill Now

The original Kennedy-Ives labor
bill passed by the Senate last year
8s-to-1 was killed in the House
W a margin of nine NEGATIVE
votes. This year the Senate vote
on the Kennedy-Er bill was 90
to l, but the confused situation
In the House could still destroy
prospects for producing effective
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
HOUSE

S 144. Passage of the bill over
the Presidents veto. Failed to pass
280-I46 ID 274-4: r 6-142). April
80, 1859.
FOR: Harrison and Smith. Democrats Of
Virginia; Foley and Landlord, Democrats
of Maryland.
AGAINST; Broyhill. Republican Of Virginia.
(By Confessional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Continued From Page B-1

Continued From Page B-1
cate Of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT" in the
cold war between East and West,
was taking firm stand against
Chinese charges Of Indian inter
ference in Tibetan affairs.
In the wake of a continuous
barrage of accusations in Peiping
that Indian "reactionaries" were
aiding and abetting the Tibetan
revolt against the Communists,
the Prime Minister, in a grave
mood, told the Indian Parliament
that the charges were both I'M
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
by PAUL SANDERS
Associated Press stan writer

cIUDAD TRUJnLo, Dominican
Republic.-Rafael Leonidas Tru-
tillo. aging generalissimo Of thls
little tropical land. still seems
very much the boss after nearly
20 years In. power.
Some Dominicans. and foes
around the Caribbean, would like
70 see him so and democracy es-
tablished In the Dominican Re-
public. The country never has had
o democratic system In its tur-
bulent history, the bloodiest In
Latin America before Trujillo
took over.
No handpicked successor is in
evidence.
Now SO. the usually soft-spoken
bat iron-fisted Trujillo rules by
dealing out a combination Of well
fare. theatres. ruthless suppress
sion Of political opposition, eco
homie development, employment
and efiicient administration.
In some ways he acts like a
perpetual political candidate. II
there's a flood or serious fire, Tru-
lilo is on the Job dispensing re-
lief. He's out in full dress at
major celebrations.
Suppresses Criticism
His controlled press and radio
lets Dominicaps have only the
news he thinks they should have.
Much Of this material glorifies the
eeneralissimo and his little coun-
try. Foreign publications carrying
anything remotely anti-Trujillo
are suppressed.
The sunbathed republic has a
population of nearly 3 million
--almost three times what it
was 80 years ago-and covers 49,
333 square miles, about twice the
size Of Vermont. The population
density is more, than lis per
square mile.
Trujillo's propaganda machine,
playing up to national pride,
eeaselessly reminds the country
Of his record in making a once
bankrupt and revolt-ridden coun-
try financially sound and pros
perous-prosperous by Caribbean
standards. The 1858 income per
capita was $242. It's more than
$1,000 in the United States.
Trujillo's program, including his
washing machine, has been
effective-but not entirely so.
. Dissidents-their numbers and
unity difficult to ascertain-believe
he has outlived his usefulness and
should get out:
Whether an internal revolt will
develop is a question.
To a visitor Trujillo appears to
have man-sized grip on the coun-
try, particularly among the work.
ing and peasant classes. 1t is
among these people, two-thirds
OF them coIOred or mulatto, that
the welfare programs and propa-
ganda is most effective.
What opposition there is seems
concentrated among the well-edu-
Gated younger people who have
been abroad and know what politi-
cal freedom means. But domini-
cans are hesitant to talk about
politics, and Trujillo has a we'll
organized intelligence system keep
ing tab on things at home and
abroad.
Single Porty System
A single party system puts the
generalissimo's project through
the legislature-and not infre-
quently passes resolutions glorify-
Ing him or his family. The Do
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Budget Is the Crisis

The showdown was a test of
strength for the battle still to
come over the big money bills
that can make or break the Presi-
dents balanced budget. The adj
ministration victory on the rela-
lively insignificant REA measure
gave notice to the Democrats that
they stand little chance of over
riding any Presidential veto on
more controversial bills, such as
the housing and airport aid meas
ures.
= Only six House Republicans
broke party lines to vote with the
Democrats on the REA vote. -Four
Democrats and 142 Republicans
backed the President.
The bill that caused all the fuss
was designed primarily to embar-
raSs Mr.. Benson. though its lead
ing supporter, Senator Humphrey,
Democrat of Minnesota. attempted
to built a case for its merits.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03

Some 81 Of the rebels-almost all
of them-meekly gave up Friday
without having fired a shot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of the nearby Maryland
and Virginia Legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-03
Continued From Page B-1

was 280-to-146, four votes short
of the required two-thirds major
itv