davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

Indianapolis, Ind, Dec. z The
American Legion expelled its fun
loving affiliate. the 40 and 8, Fri
day because it barred non-whirc
veterans from membership.
National Legion Commander
Martin B. McKneally kicked out
the organization after several
weeks of conference with the af-
filiate's officers over the whites
only" clause in the 40 and 8 con-
stitution.
In a letter to John Hobble, of
Liberal, Kan, 40 and 8 president,
McKneally said he took the action
because of "the illegality which
exists in the 40 and 8 member
ship requirements"
Hcbble reached by United Inter-
national in Topeka, Kan, refused
to comment on the custer until he
receives McKneally's letter.
McKneally's action was follow
up of a resolution passed at the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

Walden, Miss, has been lost.
Supreme Court Clerk Tom @.
Ellis, one of the most highly and
widely respected white men in
Mississippi, told the court Tuesday
afternoon that the pistol had van
ished after being forwared to the
State Supreme Court during ap-
peal proceedings following Colds
by's first trial.
Following the testimony of the
Supreme Court Clerk, the presid-
ing judge recessed the trial until
9 o'clock Wednesday morning.
There was another sensation
Wednesday morning when it was
announced that the lost pistol had
been found. II was alleged that
one of the judges Of the State Su-
preme Court had put the pistol
in the drawer Of his desk follow
ing the Supreme Court hearing
last fall.
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

rican state, hopes to become q re-
public within the British Common
wealth early next year.
Like the republics of India and
Pakistan when Prince Philip visit
ed them recently, they spared no
effort to make the royal visit q
huge and boisterous success.
Ebullient, self-confident DR.. Nix
rumah showed the Prince projects
which are part of his country's
progressive development plan. Oh
ana proposes to spend $3.50 ,000, 900
from its own resources on the plan,
the rest it hopes to get from for
eign aid, loans, and investment.
Prince Philip saw the founda-
tions of DR.. Nkrumah's plan to
modernize Ghana from top to bot
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

be solved if America is to continue
to play a major role in the inter
national struggle to win the minds
of the peoples of Asia and Afri-
ca" McClarrin, a former foreign
service officer, stated.
Exploitation by the Communists
OF the apparent discrepancy be-
tween democratic doctrines and A.
merica's attitude toward some mi
nority groups has always operat-
ed against our country" McClarrin
said. "By dedicating ourselves to
the elimination of the concept of
the second class citizenship and
Continued on Page Eighty
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
The Southern
Regional Council
AssaiIs Pupil
Placement Laws
Say Placement Use
Will Only Prolong
The South's Unrest

Atlanta, Dec. 5-The Southern
Regional Council asserted today
that the use Of pupil-placement
plans to block or delay school de-
segregation would postpone racial
peace in the South.
The eighty-member group of
white and Negro Southern leaders
attacked the practice in a policy
statement issued here at it's head
quarters.
when placement is not guided
by professional concern and criteria
but is designed to perpetuate racial
separation" the statement con-
Continued on Page Five)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Woman Charged
In Staying Of
Local Man

A Negro woman shot and killed
a Negro man early today during
an argument over money, accord
ing to police.
Police said Dorothy May Whit
ers. "a, Of 742 Boyd's Alley shot
and killed Robert Lee Jenkins, %,
Of 1929 Barrett in front of her
home about $3.50 am.
The shooting happened during
an argument over some money
which the woman said Jenkins
owed her, according to police.
The woman has been jailed on a
murder charge.
This was the 21st murder in
Jackson during the past IL months.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Negro Soldiers
Barred From US.
Bases In Iceland
Pentagon States It
Defers To Host Nation
While Envoy Says He
Is Unaware Of Ban

Washington, Dec. 1.-The United
States does not assign Negroes to
its Air Force or Army bases in
Iceland, Defense Department
spokesman said today.
No written agreement between
the United States and Iceland speci-
fically prohibits such assignments,
the spokesman remarked.
"The existing base agreement
does not give Iceland the right to
troops there" he added.
The statements were made in re-
Spouse to inquiries prompted by
reports in the Amsterdam News, a
Continued on Page Five)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
See British Govt
Facing Challenges
On Africa Policy
sLaborites Demand
Strong Disapproval
OF Racial Intolerance
And Discrimination

Prime Minister Harold Macmil-
ans government is facing new
challenges to its African policies.
The Labor opposition in the
House Of Commons has introduced
> motion which in effect tells Mr..
Macmillan he either shouldn't visit
he Union Of South Africa on his
Forthcoming African tour, or, If
Continued on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Rev. Martin Luther King Leaves
Montgomery 10 Live In Atlanta

Atlanta, Ga. - "The time has
PINE for q broad, bold advance Of
be Southern Campaign for Equal
|y," declared DR.. Martin Luther
ling as he announced that he Is
biting his base Of operation from
|ontgomery, Alabama to Atlanta,
|eorgia.
DIR. King is resigning rs pastor
Montgomery's historic Dexter
venue Baptist Church and moving
p family to Atlanta, where he will
come co-pastor with his father in
:e 1000 member Ezenezer Bap-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Race Problem Most important
Facing U. S. Gro Officers Say

Washington, D. c. Dec. 5 Two
officers of the staff of the COM
mission on Civil Rights told for
UNI last week that there is no
more important problem facing the
United States today than the lone
with which we are concerned"
The forum sponsored by th~
Community Betterment Committee
OF the Washington Chamber of
Commerce featured Rufus Kuyke,-
dali, head of the division Of laws,
plans and research, and Otto Nc
Clarrin, information officer of the
US. Civil Rights Commission.
"Our civil rights problems must
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
ALABAMA NEGROES LOSE APPEAL
IN URBAN development CASE

Washington, D. c., Dec. THE
supreme court today rejected
complaint by a Negro group that
Gadsden, Ala, urban redevelopment
program Is unconstitutional because
Of racial discrimination.
The court acted in a brief or
der, without opinion
On Aug. 10, 1858, the Negroes
asked a federal district court in
Birmingham to bar Gadsden au-
thorities from going ahead with the
plan. They said it would trans
form an integrated neighborhood
into separate white and Negro
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

areas.
The preliminary work is being
done under a state-federal proceed
ure wherein two-thirds Of the cost
will be borne by the federal gov
eminent and one-third by the city
of Gadsden. Later private inter-
ests will build the new houses and
sell them.
The trial court found no evidence
that the plan contemplated segre-
cation. 1t further concluded that
ultimate sales by private re-de-
velopers would in any event not be
subject to the constitutional limi-
tations imposed on a state.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
WANTS ENFORCED DESEGREGAT0N NOT ENFORCED NTEGRA
Prince Hall
Shriners Set Up
New Temple In
San Francisco
Plan New Temples In
Alaska And Honolulu

DETROIT, Mich.-A new Shrine
Temple for Prince Hall Shriners
was established in San Francisco
on Nov. %, by Imperial Potentate
Booker T. Alexander, of Detroit,
the second on the West Coast in
the past three months, which
brought the number of such
Temples in the U. S. to 1876 in SO
states. The new Temple, named
Thutmose, in honor of one of the
great Egyptian Pharoahs, came
into being exactly three months
after Nina Temple No. 68 was es-
tablished in Portland, Ore, on
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
President Of
Atlanta University
Is Opposed To
Forced Indignation
Is All For Enforced
DesegregatiOn
DIR. RUFUS E. CLEMENTS
DELIVERS ANNUAL NILES
MEMORIAL LECTURE

BOSTON, Dec. 5.-Dr. Rufus E.
Clements concluded the evening
by declaring that he opposes "en-
forced Indignation" but is all for
enforced desegregation," in a lee
ture during which he asserted
that the present status of race in
the United States, especially in
the South, is the most vulnerable
part Of the Achilles heel of Amer
lean domestic relations"
Addressing an intent Ford Hall
Forum audience, the president of
Atlanta University, in Atlanta,
Ca, at times ranged beyond his
nominal topic of educational inte-
grafton in the South.
DR.. Clement began his lecture
with quick survey of the history
of race relations in this country
from settlement days to the pres
ent. Citing several Supreme Court
cases since the end of Reconstruc-
ton in 1877-78, he termed the now
famous May II, 1854, Supreme
Court decision banning segrega-
ton in public schools virtually
inevitable no matter who sat en
the Supreme Court"
Legislatures Blamed
The Negro leader blamed the
actions of southern-state legis-
latures for the circumvention of
that historic ruling He finger
pointed two common devices for
Continued en- Page Six
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Howard u. Debators Win 20f3
Tropics AT International Tournament

Washington, D. C. - Howard
University's Kappa Sigma debat-
ing team last week. won nine of 10
debates and the individual public
speaking Lcompetition to capture
two Of three trophies awarded at
the sixth annual international De-
bate Tournament held at the Uni
Iversity of Rochester. Kappa Sigma
was one of 35 teams representing
81 colleges in northeast, mid-At-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

fist Church. This new post will give
the American Gandhi" more time
and a much better location to d.
rect the southwide campaign Of the
Southern Christian Leadership Con-
ference Of which he Is head.
DR.. King will remain associated
with the Montgomery Improvement
Association, which launched and d.
rected the world-famous bus boy
colt. He has assured it's members
that he will be in and out of Mont
gomery almost as much as ever"
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
School For Deaf Presents Pageant
For The Hanging OF The Greens

Amid the lovely symbols Of the
holiday season the Mississippi
School for the Deaf presented the
pageant when Christ Was Born"
to an appreciative audience, dur
ing the YWCA's Hanging Of the
Greens on Sunday, Dec. 6. Spon-
sors Of the pageant were: Mrs. S.
Clark, Mrs. r. Ward, Mrs. A. Shi-
nault, Mrs. A. Thomas, Mrs. M.
McBeth, Mrs. L. Jones, Miss M.
Robinson, Mrs. B. Young, Mr.. E.
Dorsey, Mr.. o. Weathersby, Mr..
L. Brown, Mr.. C. L. johnson and
Mr.. j. w. Shinault, Principal.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

lantic and midwestern states.
Coached by DR.. Osborn T. Small
wood, associate professor of Eng
lish, the Howard debators won a
trophy as best debating team, and
Horace Wheatley, a College of Lib
eral Arts junior from San Fran
cisco, was awarded trophy as best
individual public speaker. In the
latter competition, one representa-
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Advocate Editor
Pineywood School
vespers Speaker

Piney Woods, Miss, Dec. T.
Percy Greene, Editor and Pub
Usher of the jackson Advocate,
Mississippi's largest and most i'm
portant Negro weekly newspaper,
will be Vespers speaker, Sunday,
December 13, at the Finey Woods
Country Life School here.
The Vespers program will be
held at $3.50 pm. in the school
auditorium.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
President OF Liberia Gives
State Reception For MIRA Force

MONROvIA, Liberia, Dec. g.
The President of Liberia and Mrs.
rubman gave State Reception
Fwo days ago in Monrovia for the
Moral Re-Armament force moving
through West Africa, it was an
bounced here today. This MIRA
orce which left Michigan two
Feeks ago has been the guest Of
he President and the Ministry Il,
Interior during the past week. The
state Reception was attended by
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

the Cabinet, the Vice-President,
the Secretary Of State, Members
Of Congress, the Supreme Court,
military and business leaders and
their wives. -.
1--WE are gathered here this eve
ming to consider a new idea at
work in the world which is gain
ing momentum until it will revo-
lutionize the world" said the
President, introducing his guests.
CONTINUED on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

At the close Of the pageant the
audience sang the old familiar
carol "Silent Night" as they light
ed their candles from the YWCA
Candle and went about the build
ing hanging green and slipping tea.
Members Of the Program Com
mittee who were very active were:
Miss Doris Wilson, Chairman;
Mrs. Carroll Smith and Mrs. YER
mia Cobbs.
Support your YWCA, A United
Givers Agency.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12
Patterson Calls
For Local Negro
Coo perative Effort
To Help Improve
Economic Life
Former Tuskegee
Head Addresses
Business Group Here

DR.. F. D. Patterson, former
President Of Tuskegee Institute,
now Director of the Phelps-Stokes
Fund, and President of the Ma
tional Negro Business League,
Continued on Page Six)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1959-12-12

Patronize Our Advertis-
ers - Their Advertising
in this paper shows that
they appreciate your
trade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-07
Leprecons. 1.-The fey little
Shoes, Teens Wear Everywhere
Noturo Turquoise . Block Pink Red

Leprecon take eenoee activities with reo toir They &c
everywhere Beech, coke doe poo pores! Frnoed. floer
ina and comfortable they've got ho custoneel fit OF soft
glove leather with foam rubber Platforms chrome leather soes
Sizes to 9, N width; to 9. M ~ ~
width - ~ ~
LGeLPd
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

paid visit to Washington in
1860, according to the an
nouncement made by Mrs.
Katie Louchheim. vice chair
man Of the Democratic Ma
tional Committees.
New 50-star flags will be
awarded the State winners
who also will receive honors
from Democratic groups in
their own localities.
Written statements Of not
more than 500 words on the
Democratic activities of the
contestants will be the basis
for the selection Of the win
ners
Entries must be postmarked
by December / 1859. They
are to be submitted to Mrs.
Louchheim at Democratic
National Committee head
quarters here at 1901 Con-
necticut avenue NV.
Activities qualifying con-
testants for consideration
may be In precinct work, as
a candidate for public ONCE,
as a public offlceholder, in
someone else's campaign for
public office. as a fund-raiser
for the Democratic Party, or
in a Democratic club.
After the national winner
has been chosen, all entries
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Horrinqton-PinneY

Capt. Frank L. Pinney, jr.
CUSN) and Mrs. Pinney an
nounce the marriage OF their
daughter Mary Ellen to Mr.
Robert Harrington. son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert p.
Harrington Of Muncie, Ind.
The wedding took place Sat-
urday in st. Johns Episcopal
Church at Bethesda, The
couple will live III Lynchburg,
Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Officers
Wives
Club News
BY EVELYN NJ. DENT
Contrlbutins Writer


The Navy Supply Corps
Oficers Wives Club elected
officers at its last meeting.
The following members will
guide the activities Of the
Club for the 1880 season:
Mrs. Robert H. Northwood,
executive chairman: Mrs.
r. G. Fabian, corresponding
secretary, and. Mrs. I. c.
Hartzell. treasurer.
The Board Of Governors
includes Mrs. c. s. Sharrocks.
assistant executive chairman,
together with Mrs. Joseph L.
Howard, Mrs. E. A. Hamblen,
Mrs. X. M. Boyer, Mrs. John
M. Malloy. Mrs. Walter G.
Bacon, Mrs. Stamford F.
Zimet. Mrs. James T. Mat
thews, jr., Mrs. Daniel Logan,
Mrs. Louis M. Detweiler, Mrs.
@. Chester Heffner, and Mrs.
Paul Weintraub.
Mrs. James w. Boundy,
wife of the Chief of the Navy
Bureau Of Supplies and Ac-
counts, was hostess with
Miss Supajee Tembunkiart,
daughter of the Public Rela-
tons attache Of the Royal
Thai Embassy as special
guest.
A film on life in Thailand
was shown followed by a
classical dance. executed by
Miss Tembunkiart. Mrs.
Savad Pavanarit, wife Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

Mr.. and Mrs. John Hoven-
don of Greensboro. N. c.. and
Westfleld, N. j., announce the
marriage Of their daughter
Joan to Mr.. Somerville Par
ker. son of Major General
and Mrs. E. p. Parker. The
wedding took lace Saturday
at the Christ Episcopal
Church of Georgetown. The
couple will live here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

Thai Naval Attache, and
Mrs. Tembunkiart played the
accomplishments.
+ -
Mrs. Leo J. ElsaSser, wife OF
Capt. ElSaSser. Chief of the
Navy Medical Service Corps,
is honorary chairman OF the
Navy Medical Service Corps
Wives Club and was on hand
at the final luncheon of the
season for the wives club and
the election of the officers for
the coming year.
Mrs. Royce Skow heads
the board which includes
Mrs. Charles M. Hine, Mrs.
Francis M. Higgins, Jr., Mrs.
John E. Rasmussen. Mrs.
Horace Won Radesky. Mrs.
Joseph Feith. Mrs. Thomas
M. Floyd, Mrs. Edward D.
Matiek. Mrs. Armand P.
Charter. Mrs. James Nell
lraith, Mrs Arthur N. King,
Mrs. Edward L. Murphy, and
Mrs Emmett L. VanLanding-
ham, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
KennedY-DuBois

Mr.. and Mrs. Orval L. Du-
Bots of Arlington announce
the marriage of their daugh-
ter Patricia Ann to DR.. Paul
A. Kennedy. jr.. son of DR..
and Mrs. Kennedy Of Tena-
fly, N. J. The wedding took
place Saturday in st. Agnes
Catholic Church in Airing
ton. The couple will live at
Fort Lee, N. J.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Worner.Whitney

Mr.. and Mrs. Robert F.
Whitney announce the mar
riage of their daughter Alice
Isabel to 1t. J.g0 Mervin
Burdette Warner, USN. son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Mervin Cliff
ford Warner of Vermillion,
S. D. The wedding took place
Saturday in Truro Episcopal
Church. Fairfax. Va. The
couple will live at Yorktown.
Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
MoYer-Best

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Har-
vey Best OF Bethesda. an
nounce the marriage OF their
daughter Carol Ann to MIR.
Eldon Cunningham Mayer,
son of Mrs. Mayer and the
late 1t. Comdr. Mayer. The
wedding took place Satur-
day at the Christ Lutheran
Church IN Bethesda. The
couple will live in Quantico,
Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
DR.. Brdgdon Speaks
AT AAUW Meetinq

hope for the future" she
said. But II our vision is
broad enough. and our IN
sight keen enough and our
heads steady enough. We
shall be able to make Of the
world we have a world more
nearly like the one we want
and we shall have found a
place to stand. We may not
be able to move the earth.
but We can, perhaps. move
humanity to a greater aware
ness of life's promises"
A Selected Group
Reminding her audience
that their possession of COL
lege degrees made them "a
selected group" DR.. Hawkes.
declared that certainly
AAUW members should be
in the vanguard of those who
are minded to question some
Of our social and economic
issues and who are ready TO
tackle situations patiently
detrimental not only to home
and family life. but also to
national and international
relations.
Women have become to-
day an economic and a social
asset. an integral and essen
tial part of the WHOLE" she
continued. The country cam,
not long survive without their
contribution"
Tonight the convention will
focus its attention on its
campaign for a 50 million.
eight-story Educational Gen.
ter now under construction
here. Special recognition will
be given the first 10 branches
and state divisions to COM
plete building fund goals for
the center.
In addition. 282 other
branches who reached the
goal Of $40 per member will
be honored along with the
District. Utah, Nevada and
South Carolina when the roll
call Of 100 per cent branches
and states is announced.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

national contest. II was ex-
planned. Contestants may
submit their own entries or
have friends submit them.
Each contestant is asked to
inclose a brief biography
along with the entry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

viii be forwarded to the
State Of residence Of each
contestant where they will be
rejudged for the selection Of
State winners.
Any registered Democratic
woman Is eligible TO enter the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
McClintock.Wyon

Mrs. Day Wyatt announces
the marriage of her daugh-
ter Barbara Katherine to Mr..
Richard Poison McClintock,
jr.. son of Rev. and Mrs. Nc
Clintock Of Medford, Mass.
The wedding took place Sat-
urday at the Washington
Cathedral. The couple will
live In Brookline, Mass.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Peck-Wysor

Announcement is made Of
the marriage Of Mrs. Nina
Douglass Wysor to Mr.. Gus
tav Peck. The wedding took
place June 10 in the Simp-
son Memorial Chapel. The
couple will live here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Norvell.Britton

Brig. Gen. and Mrs. Frank
Hamilton Britton of Alex
andria announce the mar
riage Of their daughter
jeanne Louise to Second 1t.
Frank Carter Norvell. jr.,
son Of Col. and Mrs. Frank
C. Norvell Of Alexandria. The
wedding took place Satur-
day at the Fort Myer Chapel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22
Democrats Will Honor
Woman OF the Year

Democratic national COM
mitteewomen of the SO States
have launched a search for
the Democratic Woman Of
the Year"
The national winner will
receive a three-day expense
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-22

There are two main
routes to greatness: contin-
ued pioneering, and the as
sumption of responsibility
with the gift Of our minds
and talents as a return for
our rich heritage" DR.. Helen
Dalton Bragdon. retiring
general director Of the
American Association of Uni
versity Women, stated in
Kansas City today.
In a farewell message
prepared for delivery this
afternoon before 1000 dele
gates to the associations
biennial convention, DR.
Bragdon asserted: I'VE know
that we must grow in great
ness to keep ahead Of growth
In maSSlveneSS.
I'VE must demonstrate to
the country as a whole our
conviction that responsible
ties and intelligent service
60 with the privilege of a
college or university degree. 4"
Retirement
DR.. Bragdon retires Sep
TENDER Is after a decade Of
service as AAUW general
director at their national
headquarters here.
The week-long convention
in Kansas City was opened
last night, with an address
by AAUW president. Or.
Anna L. Rose Hawkes. Of Or
leans. VT. and greetings from
Kansas City Mayor H. Roe
Bartle.
The convention theme.
'"rhe College Woman: Indl-
vidual and Citizen" was
developed by DR.. Hawkes. IN
a keynote speech entitled.
"A Place to Stand"
DR.. Hawkes. urged the
AAUW members to face the
world we wish to serve with
out illusion and without
fear.
Those who are blindly
conservative and those who
are blindly radical see no