davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Strauss:
Droninq On

The mood of the Senate ranged
from boredom to bitterness as
the debate that would decide
whether Lewis Strauss remains in
the Eisenhower Cabinet fiared and
sputtered. and droned on through
out the week.
The attack on Mr.. Strauss was
an attempt at legislative lynch
ing" declared Senator Scott, Re-
publican of Pennsylvania. He
warned the Democrats to beware
Of the execution that creates a
martyr"
Senator Cannon, Democrat of
Nevada. charged that the ad-
ministration was applying "the
most severe and coarse pressures"
on Senators to beat down the
opposition to the Commerce Sec
retary. The pressures, he asserted,
came from businessmen and
other private individuals recruited
by the executive branch to help
swing the Senate vote in Mr..
Strauss favor.
While the oratory, punctuated
by occasional bursts of personal
bitterness. dragged on, pro-Strauss
and anti-StrauSs forces worked
behind the scenes to win over
potentially crucial votes of un-
committed Senators.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Hoffo::
Setback

The three-man board OF moni-
tors that oversees Jimmy Hoffa's
direction Of the standardized
TeamSters Union was conceived by
Chief District Judge F. Dickinson
Let's. The membership was crc-
ated by the court in January,
1858, in a novel compromise that
permitted Mr.. Hoffa to take over
the Teamsters presidency. Union
members who had sought to bar
Mr.. Hoffa from office agreed to
the arrangement which placed
him under supervision of the
court-appointed monitors.
When. the monitors came up
with recommendations for clean
ing up the Transfers, the fur
began to fly. Their authority was
only advisory" Mr.. Hoffa con-
tended. The monitors went to
court, were upheld by Judge Let's
and. last week, by the Court OF
Appeals.
Mr.. Hoffa and the Transfers,
Evening star., 1959-06-14
BY BERNARD GAvZER
Associated Press stan Writer

Pilot John Alcock and Nav
igator Arthur Witten Brown had
confidence in their plane-Brit-
aims warhorse bomber Of World
War l. and their ability to con-
quer the Atlantic at last in a
single hop, from Newfoundland
to Ireland.
The time was 40 years ago to-
day. Charles Augustus Lindbergh
was then boy of II.
Toke Off-ot Lost
On the afternoon Of June IA.
1919, Alcock and Brown took off
from a meadow near st. Johns.
Newfoundland. The Viking was
42.7 feet long. with a wingspan of
68 feet. Powered by two $50 horse
power engines. the biplane had a
range of 2.440 miles and a cruis-
ing speed of 80 miles per hour.
1t had a handful of instruments.
Alcock and Brown sat side by side
in the open cockpit with Alcock
revving up the engines as 40 men
held fast to the wings. At a
signal. the men let go and dropped
fiat as the wings passed over them.
They were aloft at las pm.
Alcock. 26. epitomized the Gar
ing young man in the flying ma
chine. A test pilot before the war,
he few bombers and fighters in
combat and downed seven enemy
planes. Crashing into the sea, he
was taken prisoner. At the wars
end. he was on the Vickers-Arm-
strong Aircraft Co. payroll.
Brown. 80. was born in Glas-
gov. His father was an American
but the younger Brown became a
British subject so he could enlist
while in the Royal Air service
as an observer.
Brown plotted their course, kept
the log and operated the wireless.
But after sending two messages.
the propeller was sheered of the
dynamo supplying power and
Brown was unable to send any
messages for the remainder Of
their flight.
Alcock was busy enough. Not
once after taking of was he able
to remove both hands from the
stick.
Crossing the coastline, they ran
Evening star., 1959-06-14
New Suez
Crisis
Continued From Page C-1

Continued From Page C-1
would not give Israel any tangible
political or economic benefit. It
would not open the canal.
An appeal to the World Court
Is what Mr.. Hammarskjold has
been urging upon Israel. The court
is relatively free Of political pres
sllres; the case could be fought
out there on its legal merits.
But Israel does not want to go
to the World Court. There is no
assurance that on legal grounds
she could win.
The Constantinople Convention
Of 1888. on which Israel bases
its case. is a confused and self
contradictory document which
says one thing in one article and
the opposite in the next. How the
court would interpret it is by no
means clear.
In 1851. there was a political de-
cision in the UN Security Council
that Egypt could not reasonably
assert that it is actively bellig-
erent," and therefore could not
invoke those parts of the 1888
Convention which speak OF "the
defense of Egypt" The court
might or might not take the same
line. especially since the war was
In a sense renewed in 1856. At
any rate, the act Of appealing to
to the court would place the 1851
judgment in jeopardy. and Israel
Is reluctant to do this.
If both the Security Council and
the World Court are to be ruled
out, and Israel is unwilling TO
swallow it's rebuff and do NOTHING,
there remains to Prime Minister
Ben-Gurion only the alternative
of making trouble-so much
trouble that the UAR will want to
open up the canal in order to buy
relief from Israeli harrassment.
Such tactics might be counter
productive. AS in the past. they
might merely provoke further re-
prisals from the UAR. starting a
vicious circle of outrage and
counteroutrage.
Nevertheless. it is just such a
possibility that frightens UN peo-
pie. They see a danger that the
whole Israeli Egyptian modus
vivendi will break down and lead
to a new Suez explosion. Having
lived through one Suez crisis, and
having seen it come close to touch
ing of world war, no one here
wants another.
Evening star., 1959-06-14

against the liberal" bloc. So has
Justice Whitaker, who filled the
last previous vacancy on the
bench in 1857.
Thus President Eisenhower has
succeeded by judicious screening
of his last two appointees in
maintaining the delicate balance
on the court that was threatened
by his earlier selections. The f1ve
Eisenhower appointees now cover
Evening star., 1959-06-14
OTHER FIRSTS

Eighteen years after the
Alcock- Brown fight. Charles
Lindbergh few into aviation
history with the first solo trans
Atlantic fight. May 20-21, 1927.
He few a single engine Ryan
monoplane from Roosevelt Field,
L. l., to Paris In 33 hours, 80
minutes.
Early this month. veteran
pilot Max Conrad few a single
engine Piper Comanche to a new
world distance record-Morocco
to Los Angeles. 1858 miles in
So hours, SO minutes.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
House

HR 1909. Passage Of the bill.
appropriating $l,177,l7 900 in
fiscal 1860 public works funds for
the Army and Interior Depart
mentS and the Tennessee Valley
Authority and providing for 81
new construction projects. Passed
380-20 ID 257-1; R 123-l9, June
8, 1859.
FOR: Broyhill, Republican Of virginia;
Harrison and Smith, Democrats Of Viz
ginia; Foley and Lankford, Democrats Of
Maryland.
S 1901. Passage Of a bill de-
signed % stabilize tobacco support
prices. Passed 250-149 ID 1889;
r 32-1e eO, June 10, 1859.
FOR; Hapison and Smith. Democrats Of
Virginia: Foley and Lankford, Democrats
of Maryland.
ABSENT: Broyhill. Republican OF Virginia.
(By Confessional Quarterly
Evening star., 1959-06-14

because no proposals that they be-
lieve effective would receive presi-
Dental approval and be enacted
into law this session. Nor do they
believe that a combination OF both
Republicans and Democrats on the
Rules Committee against large
scale Federal aid for various
reasons would be able to force the
Murray-Metcalf bill to the floor
this summer in order to have II
killed.
Republicans see a political pur-
pose In the strategy of deferring
floor action until the 1860 election
year. Democrats admit that their
party leaders are more likely to
make a major effort to pass
substantial education bill then in
order to develop an important is
sue for the campaign.
Report Due Tomorrow
In the Senate, the Murray SUBJ
committee which has completed
hearings on the Murray-Met-
calf bill-the only major legisla-
ton now being pushed-may re-
port it out with modification to
the full Labor and Public Welfare
Committee tomorrow.
The subcommittee probably will
recommend legislation somewhat
similar to that approved by the
House committee but including q
need formula in determining dis
tribution of Federal funds to help
the poorer States.
However. there is considerable
doubt that the full Senate COM
mittee will bring to the floor any
such legislation even though the
prospects of passing it are con-
siderably better than in the
House.
Senate strategists feel that a
floor debate would only stir up
the religious, segregation, as well
as budgetary issues to no pur-
pose because even If the bill
passed the Senate no legislation
could be enacted without House
action which is judged most un-
likely. Therefore, Senate leaders
may well take the position that
there is no point in bringing the
subject before the Senate until
the House. traditionally the
greater hurdle for education leg
islation. has passed a bill.
AS a result, administration and
Democratic conflict of views as
to whether and in what manner
major Federal support should be
provided for education, plus other
divisive issues within both parties,
appears to have again postponed
for another year any important
Federal participation in attack
ing two Of our major deficiencies
in misunderstanding of class
rooms and inadequately paid
teachers.
Evening star., 1959-06-14

enter a private home without a
warrant, involving the Fourth
Amendment, and the 6-to-3 deci-
sion that a man may be prose-
cuted by Federal and State courts
for the same offense. despite the
double jeopardy provisions Of the
Fifth Amendment.
In all these cases hinging on in
depreciation Of constitutional safe
guards of individual rights Justice
Stewart. who Joined the court at
the start of the present session,
has voted with the majority and
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Sabotage Protection

Had the Supreme Court re-
treated from its highly contro-
versial position in the Nelson
case? There was no evidence that
it had. In a widely overlooked
sentence in its Nelson ruling, the
court had emphasized that its
decision did not limit the right
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Education Bills
Outlook Is Dim
By GEORGE w. OAKEs
Contributing Writer

Although there may be support In Congress
ructve education legislation than there has
the current situation the indicates adjourn
without taking action major bill
The administration and the Democrats cannot
program The Democratic leadership considers
plan to undrwte IN part local community school
construction to be Intellectual However the Democrats leading fight
for Federal aid cannot muster enough congressional
through their proposals.
The MrrayMetcaf bill which these decided
Evening star., 1959-06-14

the full range of the constitutional
controversy. from Earl Warren, on
the left. to Potter Stewart, who it
appears will take his position
somewhat to the right Of Justice
Whitaker.
One statistical fact still dis
turbs court critics - the appoint
ment. or conversion. of one more
liberal" would create a new
power bloc that could bring a
drastic change in the present di-
rection Of the court.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Challenge to Reds
In KeroIo This Week
BY NARANJAN S. UPPAL
Contributing Writer

NEW DELHI-The Communist Ministry Kerala, a state on
midas southwestern tip facing its biggest challenge this
Since assumed office early last after getting working majority
l27-member State Assembly
have leading to the crisis.
Kerala the only state in India where the Communists
oy Ghosh general secretary of the Communist India
has described as citadel from where the Communists would
"spread political other
walls and distributed
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Atlantic Flights Mark 10th Year
With A|cock-Brown Anniversary

$500 feet and rode into a snow
storm. The plane was coated
with ice. and snow drove into the
cockpit.
Brown saw that the fuel intake
gauges were iced over and that
the air intakes were being choked
with snow. Something had to be
done in q hurry.
Taking of his mittens, the
navigator laboriously raised him.
self from his seat and forced
his way out Of the cockpit, inched
along the ice-coated wing to the
port engine and Clipped the ice
of the fuel intake gauges.
Wind and prop wash tore at
him but he clung on. aided by
Alcock's superlative flying. Then
Brown performed the same first
aid on the starboard engine
where he faced the added peril
Of the flaming exhaust inches
above his head.
Five times more he repeated
the feat before Alcock managed
to climb above the storm. Then
the ailerons-controlling the roll
Of the plane-were jammed with
ice. Snow which Brown could not
reach was still clogging the air
intakes. The starboard engine
began to miss fire.
Cutting of the engines, Alcock
began a series Of glides to warmer
air below. At 5000 feet, the ice
began to thaw and the snow in
the cockpit turned to slush. Still
lower. they emerged from the
cloud bank at 500 feet with the
Atlantic level beneath them.
Lond Is Sighted
Less than an hour after their
last ordeal. they spotted land and
touched down at Clifden, Ireland,
in a peat bog. They had flown
1890 miles in l6 hours and 81
minutes.
In London they were wildly
feted. Winston Churchill, then
Secretary Of State for War,
handed them a s50.000 prize for
accomplishing the first nonstop
flight of the Atlantic.
Alcock did not long survive his
fame. Six months later he was
killed in a plane crash. Brown
died in 1948, at 81.
Evening star., 1959-06-14

Of State to protect itself at any
time against sabotage or at
tempted violence of all kinds"
The immediate consequence Of
the Barenblatt and Uphaus de-
ciSionS was to diminish the pros
pect that Congress will enact
legislation at this session to 're-
verse" the Supreme Court on the
Nelson case and ether contro-
versial security rulings. While
there remains strong support for
such bills. particularly in the
House, the two rulings unques-
tionably eased congressional con-
Germ over the direction the high
court has taken in the Enti-sub-
versive field.
Last weeks decisions also eased
fears that the court had fallen
under the domination Of liberals"
on the security issue and its vital
constitutional ramificationS. Chief
Justice Warren and Justices Black
and Douglas make Up the hard
core of the liberals. They are
joined on almost all cases involv-
ing individual rights by Justice
Brennan.
To make majority they must
win over at least one other mem
ber of the court. The moSt-fre-
quent Swing man" is Justice Har-
Ian, who joined the liberals the
previous week to make a 5-to-4
majority in the Vitarelli case. But
Justice HarlanS firmly stated
conclusions in the Barenblatt case
would seem to put him past the
point of no return on the broader
issue Of congressional investiga-
tions.
Indeed it is hard to see how
any Of the four justices who sided
with him could reconcile their
views with those of the minority
in cases involving the same basic
issues or the same fundamental
r
Evening star., 1959-06-14

the court ruled, must obey re-
forms recommended by the three
monitors.
Armed with their new authority,
the monitors are now expected to
pursue their charges that Mr..
Hoffa has mishandled union
funds. engaged in conflicts of in
terest and otherwise abused his
office The charges, If proven.
could force the custer of Jimmy
Hoffa as president the Teamsters.
Evening star., 1959-06-14
Liberals Lose

The liberals have lost two other
important constitutional cases in
the current session. the 5-to-4 de-
cision that health inspectors may
Evening star., 1959-06-14

the Communists determination
to hoist the red flag over Delhi"
Now this citadel" is being bat
tered on all sides. And If the pres
ent pressure continues unabated,
1t might crumble soon.
All opposition parties in Kerala
have forged a common cause to
oust the Communist Ministry. In
this crusade" they have the &C
tive support of non-political and
social organizations, such as the
powerful Nair Service Society and
the Church, and Of non-Commu-
mist trade unions and students.
Nearly half of Kerala's l3 million
population is Christian.
Kerala's Congress party leaders,
after four-day consultations with
Prime Minister Nehru and other
party officials in New Delhi, have
decided to launch IAN immediate
non-violent and constitutional
agitation" to overthrow the Min
istry. A four-man Action Council
has been set up and a Deliver
ance Day" observed with mass
meetings and hartalS (closure Of
business to show that the Com
munists have forfeited the conf
dence of the people. 1t has also
published a "charge-sheet" against
the Ministry.
The Communists Bid
This charge-sheet makes a
pointed reference to the Commu-
mist bid to subvert democratic in
stitutions for party ends, to the
deteriorating law and order situa-
ton, party interference in day-to-
day administration, manipulation
of electoral rolls. infiltration in
services, particularly the police,
formation of co-operatives for the
party's benefit, and deepening Of
communal differences in the State
by setting the economically-back-
ward but politically-important Ez-
havas against other communities.
The Praja Socialist Party has
charted a more direct action"
program. 1t also wants an "ex-
tension of the area of operations.
It's plan is to throw $4,000 volun-
teers into the fray. Already. 10000
have been recruited.
The Muslin League and the Re-
volutionary Socialist Party have
also lent their support with men
and money.
Adding to this turmoil is the
proposed school agitation" to be
launched tomorrow by the Private
School Managers Association
against the new Education Act
which seeks to regulate the 1000
non-g governmental schools in the
State.
The agitation leader. 82-year-old
Mannath Padmanabhan. has an
nounced he would lead a mass
demonstration" in the State capi-
tai, Trivandrum, and LAY siege"
to the State Secretariat If the
Ministry does not resign respect
ing the peoples wishes" Anti-gov-
eminent demonstrations, in which
tens Of thousands of students and
their guardians take part, are a
daily feature in Kerala towns.
The school managers associa-
ton feels there are many "ob-
noxious features" in the act which
"strike at the root Of their in
stitutions." The ArchbiShops of
Trivandrum and Changanacherry,
who WELD considerable influence.
have declared that the primary
object Of the act is to paralyze us
and force us to employ Com
munist teachers" They added:
"We must have schools for the
Evening star., 1959-06-14
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of the nearby Maryland
legislators on major roll calls in
Congress last week:
Evening star., 1959-06-14

purpose we consider sound. We
have right to decide about the
education Of our children"
The association announced It
would not reopen its schools, after
the summer recess. on June / and
would picket other schools which
remain open in spite of persuasion.
To avoid an immediate clash,
Kerala Chief Minister Namboo-
diripad postponed the opening Of
schools till June is. He has also
deferred the implementation of
the most controversial clauses of
the education act. The other
clauses came into force on June /.
These government concessions
have not cooled down the associa-
tion's fury. Mr.. Padmanabhan
told a mass rally there would be
no compromise with the Commu-
mist government on any issue" He
declared: Our struggle is not
against the education act alone
but against Communist misrule.
II the government postpones
opening Of schools beyond June
Is. we will start agitation on other
fronts. We have more volun-
teers than the state jails can
hold"
The Kerala government has an
nounced the police would not
stand idly by but would take firm
and timely action to protect
schools that were kept open" Mr..
Namboodiripad has declared that
ANY disorder would be uuelled
firmly" The government now
plans to recruit Home Guards,
possibly from among Communists,
to augment the police force. New
Delhi has already rejected Mr..
Namboodiripad's request for Army
units to be placed at his disposal.
But behind this bold facade, the
Communists seem to be in lit
tiers. The party's Central Execu-
tive has expressed grave con-
Germ" over the situation that is
developing in Kerala." The party's
eight top leaders, who constitute
the party secretariat, last week
rushed to Kerala to prop up the
tottering ministry. They have or
ganized an "Anti-agitation Week"
in Kerala and a "Kerala Week"
throughout India TO enlist sup
port for the Ministry.
Kerala Communist Party Sec
retary Govindan Nair bemoans
that upper strata reactionaries"
are plotting a violent overthrow
OF the ministry"
A Planned Struggle
Writing in the Communist
party official organ, New Age. Ajoy
GhoSh says the school agitation
is a planned struggle" to oust
the democratic government OF
Kerala."
The Communists are in a di-
lemma. All along they have been
clamoring against the use of the
police and the Preventive Deten-
ton Act to crush popular move
ments." If they use force and be-
gin arrests on a large scale now,
they would stand exposed for hav-
ing belied their own professions.
If they do not resort to these
methods. they might be over
whelmed by the mass agitation
and made to quit.
Mr.. Namboodiripad has appealed
to the Kerala people to wait till
the next general elections If you
are dissatisfied with my govern
ment." Kerala Socialist Party
Leader Thanu Pillai has chal-
lenged him to resign and seek
the verdict of the people afresh'
right now.
Whether Mr.. Namboodiripad ac-
ceptS this challenge Is a big ques-
ton mark. But his ministry will
have many restless nights in the
weeks to come. The Communists
are now really reaping a whirl-
wind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-21

and went on to say: If
no one asks me, I know;
II I wish to explain it to
one that asks, I know
not"
What bothers Angus
tine is that he does not
see how time can be said
to exist at all. All past
time no longer exists; 1t
has been, but Is no long
or And all future time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-21
A Greet Thinker Looks at Life

DR.. Adler Is recognized as one Of the
great original thinkers Of the Goth century.
After receiving his PhD. from Columbia
University tn 1928. he Joined Robert n.
Hutchtns at the University Of Chicago.
,Dhere they introduced courses based on
reading and discussing the Great Books.
In 1916 this activity pGs extended to
adults through the Great Books FoEHdG-
ton DR.. Adler notO is director OF the
Institute for Philosophical Research IN
San Francisco.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-21
BY MORTIMER ]. ADLER
COnaributins Writer

this duration block that the relation Of
succession Of one end to the other Is
perceived"
Even If the peculiar nature Of the
present Is ignored, plenty Of problems
concerning time remain. It Is always
associated with motion. Plato calls It
the moving image Of eternity" while
Aristotle writes that ''time Is not motion,
but the measure of motion" Newton, on
the other hand, introduces q concept Of
absolute time" which he regards as the
perfect measure of motion precisely be-
cause its nature Is independent Of all
physical change.
Time and Motion
Such absolute time flows infinitely. II.
however, time is associated with motion
as its measure, then the endlessneSs Of
time depends on whether or not motion
Is everlasting II there always was
motion and always will be motion. then
time, too, always was and always will be.
II, however, the world-and therefore
motion-was created and so had q be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-21

TT SEEMS appropriate to remember
Il what st. Augustine said when he
opened his inquiry into this dif1cult
subject. what, then. Is timer" he asked.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-21
Great Ideas From the Great Books
Time Is Difficult to Define

q
said
What do the Great about
LEONARD CWIK