davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Eisenhower
On Prejudice

With John Kennedy continuing
to lead the list of Democratic
presidential possibilities for 1860
the same question is debated
wherever the prospects of the
Senator from Massachusetts are
discussed: Can a Catholic be
elected President of the United
States?
In blunt and unequivocal terms
President Eisenhower stated his
sentiments last week on the old
and ugly issue of religious preju-
dice in politics:
Il do not agree at all with the
theory that prejudice, religious
prejudice, should rule our choice
OF candidates and officials in this
Nation.
If I saw any man that I
thought was really a qualified re-
sponsible individual running for
Office, my vote would never be
changed on the basis of his reli-
gion."
On the specific question of a
Catholics chances of election, Mr..
Eisenhower declined to express
an opinion. He does not know
whether the thinking of the
country" has changed since the
defeat of AL Smith in 1928, he
told his news conference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
House

.HR 4957. Mallory NcNabb rule
bill to amend the Federal Rules of
Criminal Procedure to bar Fed
eral court judges from disqualify-
ing confessions Of suspects solely
because of delay in bringing the
suspect for arraignment. Passage
of the bill. Passed 262-138. July
7, 1859.
FOR: Albitt, Downing, Gary, Hardy, -Har-
rison, Jennings, Smith, and Tuck, Dem
ocrats Of Virginia Broyhill and Pofi,
Republicans Of Virginia; Brewster, Fall
Ion, Foley johnson and Landlord. Dem
ocrsts Of Maryland; Kee, Democrat Of
West Virginia, and Moore, Republican
Of West Virginia.
AGAINST: Friedel and GarmatZ. Demo-
Gratis Of Maryland; Slack and Staggers,
Democrats Of West Virginia.
NOT VOTING: Bailey and Hechler, Demo-
Gratis Of West virginia.
(By Congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

House sponsors are j. Carlton
Loser, Democrat of Tennessee, and
Alvin O'KonSki, Republican of
Wisconsin. A seperate bill to put
an end to the use Of public LAND
horses for horsemeat was intro
duced by Representative Merwin
Coad, Democrat of Iowa.
Public interest has grown stead
lily, particularly since a popular
magazine carried a piece last year
called 1.-The Mustangs Last
Stand" Mail to Congress is piling
up just as it did year ago on
the humane slaughter bill. Judici-
airy Committee member John E.
Henderson, Republican of Ohio,
wrote his constituents that the
letters confirm my belief that
most Americans are unself1sh and
have warm spot in their hearts
for animal welfare"
Being against bills involving the
heart puts the Interior Depart
ment in hard-to-explain spot.
Its officials will try to convince
Subcommittee Chairman Thomas
j. Lane, Democrat of Massachu-
sets and colleagues that mechan-
lied roundup can be more hu-
name. Interior. therefore. asks
that the Government be given sole
authority for the r0lIndIIpS pIIt
it asks also for the right to en-
ploy hunters using planes and
trucks.
Acting Interior Secretary Elmer
F. Bennett in a recent letter to
Judiciary Chairman Emmanuel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Segregation:
Morality?

At the time of the Supreme
Courts 1854 decision ruling school
SegFega tion unconstitutional,
President Eisenhower was asked
whether he had any advice to
offer the South on how it should
react to the edict of the court.
His reply. made at a news con-
ference:
Not in the slightest. thought
that Governor Byrnes (of South
Carolina) made a very fine state
ment when he said, Let's be calm
and let's be reasonable and let's
look this thing in the face
1.-THE Supreme Court has spoken
and I am sworn to uphold their
the constitutional processes in
this country. and I am trying-1
will obey"
There were those who felt Mr..
Eisenhower should have spoken
out more strongly for obedience
to the Supreme Court decision.
Others praised his position that it
would be improper for the Presi-
dent to comment further on a
decision of the high court.
In the five intervening years
Mr.. Eisenhower has consistently
avoided any public indication of
his own sentiments on the ques-
ton of desegregating the Nations
schools, beyond periodic calls for
moderation on both sides.
At his news conference last
Wednesday, a reporter tried a new
approach-"Apart from the legal
ism of the situation, Mr.. Presi-
dent, have you any opinion as to
whether racial segregation is
morally wrong?"
Mr.. Eisenhower asked if the re-
porter was talking about segrega-
ton that interfered with a "citi-
zen's equality of opportunity in
both the economic and political
fields The reporter said he was.
II think to that extent that it
is morally wrong, yes" said the
President.
It was the first time Mr.. Eisen-
hover had expressed himself
precisely on the moral issue of
segregation. His remarks were
lauded by the NAACP and by
Senator Javits, Republican of New
York, a leading G. o. P. advocate
of civil rights legislation.
1t seemed unlikely, however,
that the President meant any
more by his news conference reply
than he has said in numerous pub
lie speeches. He has referred
often to the constitutional guaran-
tees of freedom of opportunity for
all citizens. Despite his reluc-
lance to speak in specifics on the
segregation issue, there has been
no question of where he stood on
this precise issue.
DR.. Ralph J. Bunche was once
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
MUSTANGS AT BAY TMSseM CO
Congress Eyes Wild Horses Last Stand

Celler, Democrat OF New York,
buttressed his case with argu-
ments that Government control of
roundups could drive bootleg"
horse hunters of the range.
Grozing Depletion
Also he maintained that I'M
controlled herds would compete
for food against the other wildlife
on the Governments public lands.
A line in Mr.. BENEFITS letter
about being against cruelty, pol
soning and indiscriminate slaugh-
ter" prompted an Interior press re-
lease that led hasty readers into
thinking the department had APP
proved the Barring bill. The re-
lease caption: Interior Favors
Protection of Wild Horses on
Western Lands"
Representative Barring replied
Immediately that the Interior
amendment would render his bill
useless"
Mrs. Roger Stevens of the So
ciety for Animal Protective Legis-
lation and Fred Myers of the
Humane Society Of the United
States maintain that the old
pros" in the buSiness-the horse
meat hunters-might be retained
by B. L. M. for the job.
A compromise between the two
stands may be in order. If estab-
lishment of sanctuaries-now that
the wild-horse population is at
an all-time downright be one
answer.
But If that should be impracti-
cal from the standpoint of fencing,
could quasi-Sanctuaries be estab-
lished? Instead of fencing the
horses in, could they be more
easily handled if food, water and
salt-lick stations were provided
them?
If their numbers multiplied too
rapidly, they could be caught
probably without resort to air.
craft and trucks-at the food sta
tions by more gentle means.
Among those means is the tran
quillizer gun which is growing in
popularity among animal ham
dlers.
The setting of standards and
methods could be done by a Pub
lie Advisory Committee in CO.
operation with the B. L. M. 1t
could include representatives Of
interested groups-not forgetting
Wild Horse Annie"
Such an advisory board worked
quite successfully after the pas
sage of the Humane Slaughter
law.
The first act, opening here
Wednesday. will set the stage,
raise number of questions and
could lead to a final happy cur
tain: Wild horses headed for their
last roundup under conditions &C
ceptable to all except the mus
tangs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

Western foreign ministers entered
the Geneva conference two months
ago.
Concessions Mode
When the sessions finally re-
cessed June 81 until July 10 in
complete stalemate, just about all
possible Western concessions had
been offered without once tempt
ing the Russians to abandon their
demand that the United States,
Britain and France give up West
Berlin.
Now, in returning to the meet
ing with Mr.. Gromyko, the West
ern ministers face a range of new
questions reaching beyond the sit
uation which Mr.. Dulles foreSaw
and requiring, sooner or later, new
Allied decisions.
The problems facing Mr.. Herter
because of the crucial Berlin
German-summit complex of is
sues is matched by others else
where in the world: Soviet prog
reSS in nuclear missiles, the rising
tide of independence in Africa,
the prolonged crisis of France in
Algeria, the French-U United States
split in NATO, the struggle with
communism in the Middle East
as focused on Egypt and Iraq, and
in the Far East and focused on
Nationalist China and Southeast
Asia.
Already there are presSures in
Congress for Mr.. Herter to devise
new policies to take the initiative
in the struggle with the Soviet
Union. Critics say the whole allied
line is too defensive. In the
Geneva conference on West Ber-
lin there is no question that Mr..
Gromyko was almost constantly
on the offensive, and the West
was committed to a purely defen-
sive purpose: Maintaining the
status quo in West Berlin.
Mr.. Herter so far has impressed
those who have observed him at
close range as man more I'M
like Mr.. Dulles than almost any,
one who could have been found to
succeed him.
No Lone Wolf
The difference between them
may be summed up in this COM
parison: Even as head of the huge
and sprawling State Department,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

are granted usually by State au-
thorities.)
The efforts of wild Horse
Annie"-aS Mrs. Johnston is
known-are beginning to pay of.
Nevada now forbids mechanical
roundups. except those called for
by the Bureau of Land Manage
ment on the public lands-which
make up nearly 88 per cent of the
State! Horse hunting in Nevada
has been a high volume, good
money affair resulting in the re-
duction Of the herds in is years
from 100000 horses to 5000.
Wyoming now requires payment
for every stray horse taken from
the range. Horsemeat hunters
find that this cuts their profits to
the bone.
The mpaign picked up
strength when Mrs. Johnston's
Congressman, Walter S. Barring,
introduced bill to outlaw motor
lied neutrality-suspicious. B. L. M.
financed or not-on public lands.
Since then seven Senators and
three House members of both par
ties have put their names to iden-
tical or similar bills.
They are Democratic Senators
Mike Mansfield and James MUIR
ray Of Montana, Howard w. Can
non Of Nevada, Paul Douglas of
Illinois, Richard L. Neuberger Of
Oregon and Republicans Prescott
Bush Of Connecticut and John S.
Cooper Of Kentucky.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
BY ANN COTTRELL FREE
Contributing Writer

A horse drama as imprisoned
as any to come out Of our Wild
West via the pages OF history or
TV studios will hit the boards on
Capitol Hill this Wednesday.
It's principal audience-a House
Judiciary subcommittee-will help
determine how the drama is 60
ing to turn out. For its outcome
hinges on whether Congress will
outlaw the use Of aircraft and
motor vehicles in rounding up wild
horses and burroS on Government
owned public lands.
Not since trigger-happy hunters.
firing the then-new breech loader
gun, brought the American bison
to near extinction 10 years ago has
there been such concern over the
treatment Of animals belonging to
the American heritage.
Unlike the buffalo, these horses
are rarely shot on the range. But
through high-volume mechanical
roundups they are brought back
alive for shipment to centers for
conversion into pet food. They
once numbered into the hundreds
of thousands. Today only about
10000 remain.
No fast draws from the hip are
expected at the hearing which
brings to center stage fight that
has ragged in the wings for years.
The gunsmoke will come from siz-
cling words instead. Every man a
hero may call-by implication, at
least-his opposite number fool or
villain. And the leading lady-a
true girl of the Golden West-will
bring dash and charm that her
male opponents may find hard to
match.
She is Velma B. Johnston of
Double Lazy Heart Ranch. Wads-
worth, New. Standing 5-foot-6 in
her high-heeled cowgirl boots, this
woman has cruSaded for years in
behalf of the horses-reportedly
lodging bullets in the doing.
Many of the wild horses are
descendants of the fiery Arabian
Andalusian horses brought here
by Spanish explorers. The strays
and runaways were called mes
tangoS, soon becoming mustang"
(There is no native" American
horse, except the little prehistoric
creatures that migrated to Asia
or died out before the early age
of man,
BY 1900, the mustangs were
about 2 million strong. Indians
and early pioneers caught them,
broke them and rode them. In
later years they were joined by
all sizes, shapes and blood lines.
Many of them look scrubby and
rundown, but they retain a fiery
independent spirit.
Wary of hunters, the herds hug
the canyons and the high rim
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Herter, Now on His Own, Faces
Stiff Problems in Little Time

Mr.. Dulles always operated as q
lone wolf. Even his closest as
sociateS were seldom sure they
knew exactly what his plans we're.
Mr.. Herter. however, is an organi.
cation man from start to finish.
He leans heavily on his staff.
This, incidentally, is why he
needs to shake up the advisory or
ganization he had been working
with in Washington and at &C.
neva. 1t is a staff that was or
ganized around Mr.. Dulles and
depended on the Dulles lead for
its most effective functioning.
On Mr.. Herter's return from &C.
neva, great interest developed in
what he would do about bringing
in new advisers. 1t is no accident
that much speculation immedi-
ately centered on Ambassador
Charles E. Bohlen, one of the Ma
tons top experts on Soviet affairs.
Mr.. Dulles first sent Mr.. Bohlen
to Moscow as ambassador six
years ago. But when his time
there ran out Dulles 'exiled" him
to Manila, in the Philippines. The
Manila post is a vital one in
United States diplomacy-but not
for a student of Russian commu-
niSm.
A chief cause of the exile was
that Mr.. Bohlen had worked
closely with the Democratic adj
mlniStrationS of Roosevelt and
Truman. But a contributing fac
tor was that Mr.. Dulles was his
own most-trusted Soviet expert
and he felt he did not need the
Observation-Disclosures Mr.. Bohlen.
Mr.. Herter looks beyond himself
for his experts, and Mr.. Bohlen
was one of the first called to his
attention.
How much Mr.. Herter will be
able to accomplish among the
many tasks he faces is very I'M
certain at the moment because,
in spite of all his expectations
and desire, he may have to spend
much of his time away from
Washington in negotiations with
the Allies and with the Russians.
Mr.. Herter has been in office 70
days. He has been absent from
Washington, mostly at the Geneva
conference, about so days. He
has logged approximately $4,000
miles of fight. He is learning the
trick of making his Office wher-
ever he hangs his hat.
Mr.. Herter's modesty and gen.
tleneSs have raised questions about
whether he could get tough with
the Russians-and if necessary
with the Allies. Based on his six
weeks at the Geneva conference
the answer is: He can get tough
with the Russians, but he has
shown no tendency to take
strong lead in the Western coali-
ton. 90
In general. Mr.. Herter and Mr..
Gromyko treated each other as
friendly opponents. That was es-
pecially true when Soviet Premier
Khrushchev sent Mr.. Gromyko to
Washington for the Dulles funeral
in late May. Mr.. Herter took the
Russians along with Mr.. Lloyd and
Mr.. Couve de Murville back to
Geneva on the same plane.
Mr.. Herter never interfered in
the running of the State Depart
ment in Washington while he was
in Switzerland. He left that up
to Undersecretaries c. Douglas
Dillon and Robert Murphy. Mr..
Dulles would never have given any
subordinate so free a hand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Sport Encouraged
THE NATIONAL SCENE

described by President Eisenhower
as the greatest statesman America
had ever produced. His success in
bringing peace to the Middle East
in 1949 won him the acclaim of
the world and a Nobel Peace Frize.
He is now an undersecretary of
the United Nations.
Last week DR.. Bunche revealed
that he and his 16-year-old son,
Ralph, jr., have been rejected for
membership in the famed West
Side Tennis Club of Forest Hills,
Long Island, on grounds that they
are Negroes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Senate

HR 1900. Mutual Security Act
of 1859, SENATE amended version
of House bilD, authorizing $685.
100000. Passage of the bill.
Passed 65-26. July 8, 1859.
FOR: Bean and Butler, Republicans Of
Maryland.
AGAINST: Byrd and Robertson, Demo-
Gratis of virginia; Byrd, Democrat Of
west Virginia.
NOT VOTING: Randolph, Democrat Of
West Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Continued From Page CT

Continued From Page CT
traditional mo contract, no work"
policy to keep its members on the
job for two weeks past the original
July l deadline, rejected the pres
idential suggestion for a further
delay.
Steelworkers' wages now aver
age $40 an hour. While the steel
companies have publicly held firm
in their demand for a one-year
wage freeze" there is an expec-
tation in the industry that a wage
settlement will provide a pay
boost of about 10 cents an hour.
The last steel strike, in 1856,
lasted five weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12


from John Foster Dulles are run.
ming out.
Few men have faced a major
y When the Big Four Foreign Ministers
reconvene their tolks tomorrow, Chris
tion Herter will be in his 18th week os
United Stotss Secretary Of Stote. A
reporter who hos watched him OF work
in Geneva and Washington provides on
onolysis Of the man, his job and his
problems.
challenge in the conduct of for
eign policy under more trying
conditions. The Allies are rest
less and pulling apart. The Rus
slams appear confident, seemingly
bent UPON new diplomatic con-
quest as seldom before.
Mr.. Herter himself has a bare
10 months at most to make his
place in history in the Eisenhower
administration, which under the
two-term limitation, is in its final
phase. Events in Africa, the Mid
die East and Asia, as well as
Europe, are moving at a pace
which would have strained the
skill Of a Dulles long in Office.
Yet Mr.. Herter, going into the
second round of the Geneva con-
ference, is still a relatively I'M
known and unteSted force in
foreign affairs.
He needs time to win the
slowly given confidence Of Presi-
dent Eisenhower, whose admira-
ton for the late Secretary Dulles
approached hero-worship. He
needs hours he cannot afford in
order to shake up the staff he
took over from Mr.. Dulles and
to review in tranquility the poll
cies he inherited. He needs to
tighten his congressional links
and establish public prestige.
In his initial weeks. as success
Sor to Mr.. Dulles, Mr.. Herter has
found his warmth and gentleness
great assets in getting along with
allied leaders. He offered q
startling contrast to Mr.. Dulles,
whose self-conf1dence sometimes
amounted to arrogance and whose
very skillS as policy-maker and
diplomat often aroused resent
ment among friends and neutralS.
During pre-Geneva talks at
Paris last April and in the four
power foreign ministers confer
ence which bsgan at Geneva. May
IL, Mr.. Herter quickly won the
cordial comradeship Of British
Foreign Secretary Selwyn Lloyd
and Foreign Minister Maurice
Couve de Murville of France. He
got on we'll with West Germany's
Heinrich Won Brentano.
But Mr.. Herter during the first
round at Geneva was living, in a
sense, on borrowed time and bor-
rowed ideas. Last November, Mr..
Dulles had broken away from the
previously sacrosanct formula of
German unification beginning
with free elections and had said
free elections might come last.
Mr.. Dulles also said the United
States and its allies might deal
with the German Communists as
agents of the Soviet Union in con-
troll Of the supply lines to Berlin
from West Germany.
These and other elements Of the
Dulles thinking went into the
basic policies with which the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of Maryland, Virginia and
West Virginia members of Con-
gress on major roll calls in Con-
greSS last week:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

rock. But after World War II
the demand for horsemeat for
pet food grew. Hunters realized
there was gold in them thar
hills" They took to using planes
in a big way to flush the fiery
mustangs out to the fiat lands.
There, trucks take over. Men
strapped to the truck sides, lasSo
them as they race away in terror.
At the end of the rope heavy truck
tires are fastened. Exhausted
from running and the new weight,
the horses slow down. If they re-
sist capture, they are thrown, hog
tied and loaded into trucks. Sew
eral days on scanty rations may
pass before they are killed.
Many humanitarians and con-
servationistS believe this kind of
roundup to be both terrifying and
unfair.
Sport Encouraged
Mechanical roundups have been
encouraged and in some cases paid
for by cattlemen who lease public
lands to Craze their livestock.
They consider the wild horses a
threat to the already skimpy food
supply. The United States Gov
eminent shares their view.
(The Bureau of Land Manage
ment of the Department of the
Interior leases public lands for
livestock use under the Taylor
Grazing Act of 1884. Hunting and
Fishing permits for public lands
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

When the Big Four Foreign Ministers
reconvens their toIks tomorrow. Chris
tion Heter will be in his 18th week os
United Stotss Secretary Of Stote. A
reporter who hos watched him OF work
in Geneva and Washington provides on
onolysis Of the man, his job and his
problems.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
Associated Press Star Writer

GENEVA.-The real test Of
Christian Herter as Secretary of
State is now beginning. On criti-
cal issues the policies he inherited
from John Foster Dulles are run
ming out.
Few men have faced a major
, 1959-11-16
Applicants for License
Must Answer
Questions 100 P. C.

Applicants for an automo-
bile drivers license are re-
CURED to answer a list Of ques
tions-one hundred per cent
correct, Or else.
The AVIS called at Police
headquarters and asked for a
list Of the questions but was
informed BY the Lieutenant
that the questions were avail
able only to applicants. Thus,
the questions asked Of pros
pective drivers remain i deep
and dark secret.
One applicant who had been
driving for over ten years
failed.
a request for q copy Of the
questions IS being forwarded
to the Commissioner of Public
Safety in st. Thomas.
, 1959-11-16
Commissioners Jack Minimum Wuge
Monsonto RidesPdtrol Hearings Begin ToduY
On WuY to Airport IN Government House

Commissioner Jack Mon All employers engaged in
santo visited St CrOix over the Interstate Commerce, subject
weekend. On his way to the TO the regulations Of the Wage
airport on Sunday afternoon and Hour Division Of the u. S.
he decided to take over the Department Of Labor, were
job of motorcycle patrol Of the notified to attend hearings con
highway between Christian Quoted BY the Industry Com
sted and the airport. mletee no 2 relative to mini.
mum wages for industries in
Asst Commissioner George the Virgin Islands, today at
Matthias and the Patrol officer 2 pm. in the Federal Court
followed behind in q car be- Room in Government House,
longing to the Department Of christiansted II will continue
Public Safety. tomorrow, November II from
, 1959-11-16
Los Cubunos Of
C~hristiunsted DefeUs
Ponthers Of Fstea

The Panthers Of Fredsrik-
sted went down to defeat
when the Los Cubanos came
from behind after trailing by
4 score Of SO, and defeated
them by l8-8in q pre-warm-up
game to meet the Champions
If Frederiksted.