davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26

munitieS, offers subsidies and
scholarships.
The University Of Puerto Rico,
ranking as a top institution Of
higher education in Latin
America, has an enrolment Of
$4,000 students, triple that of 1910.
1t runs a theater on wheels,
travelling to every part of the
island.
The government owns and OPP
crates educational television and
radio stations.
A Committee on Human Re-
sources composed of top govern
ment officials with direct access
to the Governor is studying the
effects of industrialization upon
Puerto Rican family patterns.
AS Gov. Munoz surveys the
cultural explosion on his island,
he compares it to the aims set
forth in the United States Decla-
ration of Independence:
In Puerto Rico we are trying
in our modest setting to bring to
harmonious success Operation
Bootstrap. the right to life; OPP
Grafton Commonwealth, the right
to liberty. and Operation Serenity,
the pursuit of happiness with some
hope of really catching up with
her."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
Puerto Rico Offers Contentment as Goal
Of Its Newest Project: Operation Serenity

Ricans, known as amigos del
Museo de Bellas Aries" Friends
of the Fine Arts Museum), are
raising funds for a nucleus of
classical and modern paintings
and planning to sponsor art
movies and lectures.
In Old San Juan, at Gale del
Cristo 255, balcony fringed colo
NAL house has been transformed
into a rare book museum, con-
tanning, among others, books car
ried by Columbus on his voyages
to America.
Early this year Broadway'S first
Latin American beachhead was
secured when eight plays starring
top New York talent were pre-
scented at the 135-year-old Tapia
Theater in San Juan.
A newly formed Puerto Rican
symphony orchestra won critical
acclaim at its opening concert
last November in Mayaguez, ma
jor east coast city.
Attracts Musical Stors
Jutting into the blue Caribbean
beside the Streamlined Caribe
Hilton Hotel, Fort San Geronimo.
built in It'll, is being restored for
eventual use as an armor museum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
Two Anniversaries This Week
Find SoIozor With Twin Troubles

believe in equality (among mem
but in hierarchy"
Salazar was born April 20, 1889,
in Sta. Conba Dao on the banks
of the Dao River, a region pro-
ducing one Of Portugal's finest
table wines. His father was a
tenant farmer who also operated
a tiny inn. Antonio's sister was a
primary school teacher.
Most of his biographers have
referred to a disappointment in
love in his youth to explain why
he has never married and lives
almost monastic life in his Lis
bon residence. But this lost love
has not been found out.
He was too frail for farm work
and through a relative was ad-
mitted to the Viseu seminary to
study for the priesthood. A bril-
liant. handwriting student, he
took his first orders and began
teaching at the via sacra second
airy school in Viseu while waiting
to be ordained.
Before this took place, he
decided he wanted to continue
teaching but as a layman. The
church sent him to the Univer-
sity of Coimbra to complete his
studies.
He succeeded so well he be-
came full professor of political
and financial economy in 1917 at
the age Of %. He still holds the
profeSSorship, although he has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26

The Office Is a spacious suite on
the fourth floor of the rebuilt
Grand Hotel in famed Kaerntner
ring.
Their FomiIy Life
The Coles have three grown
children. all in the United States.
One Of them, 1t. William S. Cole,
jr., a Naval Academy graduate, is
an officer on the atomic subma-
rine Nautilus.
MY recreation and exercise"
Mr.. Cole says, lis mostly walking.
Late last winter I also took up
ice skating on the downtown rink,
although I probably should have
realized I'm a bit old for this.
But then I also have needlepoint
to work at home. I have been
doing needlepoint for years as a
good way to relax from the strain
Of heavy work"
Mr.. Cole has done lot of trav-
cling as agency boss and Mrs. Cole
has often accompanied him. He's
been to Czechoslovakia, Poland,
Soviet Union, South America,
Washington and Egypt. He re-
Gently undertook visits to Bull
garia, Greece, Hungary, Romania,
Turkey and Israel and also plans
to visit Japan later this year.
The IAEA was formally estab-
liShed here October 1, 1857. It
originated from a speech by Pres
ident Eisenhower December 8,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
Success Is Slow in Atomic Work

lin, and intends to continue this
policy.
So what is the IAEA here for?
Mr.. Cole admits that "the first
year OF our effort showed no great
accomplishment" Mostly, it was
taken up with gathering a staf
and with acquainting various
countries with its existence.
AT first" he says, uranium
was thought to be scarce and so
1t was figured to pool it. Now we
find it so plentiful a pool is not
necessary. But we still think in
ternational supervision of atomic
energy development is necessary.
feel sure an international agency
is needed to see that reactors are
properly set up and that their
operation does not damage pub
lie health. I think that in the
future public opinion will demand
international supervision and in
spection as the public becomes
aware Of the health hazard in
reactor operation and insists on
it,"
Mr.. Cole says it will be up to
international public opinion to
force international controls that
the Soviets have so far failed to
agree to in Geneva conferences.
Attacks on Propaganda
Soviet representatives at the an
nual IAEA general conferences
have frequently attacked what
they call the Western rulership"
OF the agency, and some of these
attacks have been written of as
propaganda. But when the Soviets
charge that the IAEA has deliv-
cred few results for the millions
it has cost they find reasonable
audience, and even Cole does not
dispute that.
1t has also been reported that
some people in Washington feel
the Eisenhower administration has
been letting down this agency
which, after all, was President
EiSenhower's brain child. One COM
plant was that the United States
continued to make bilateral agree
mentS on atomic aid instead Of
using the IAEA as an interna-
tional bank for atomic fuels.
Mr.. Coles says here that he
feels the Eisenhower administra-
tration and Congress have sup
ported his agency without stint.
However, he few back to WASH
ington early in March to relate
IAEA problems in a speech to the
ninth annual conference of the
American Association for the Unit
ed Nations.
He complained that neglect of
the nuclear powers to cooperate
fully had hampered the Develop
ment of the atoms-for-peace pro-
gram.
The sum of the situation today
is that the IAEA is an agency
whose chief sponsors have taken
away its functions and so it now
is looking for some other useful
function to perform.
AS long as the United States
Congress continues to put up the
bulk of funds, the agency's big
staff can go right on looking for
ways to make itself useful, in q
pleasant city in a pleasant way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
By VERA r. CHASER
Contributing Writer

How much do nations leaders
owe their people? Bread? Freedom?
Or contentment?
All three, the government be-
lieveS in Puerto Rico. The tiny
island commonwealth is plunging
into promoting the spiritual and
cultural well-being of its citizens,
after successes in raising living
standards and winning self-gov-
eminent.
The unique effort, called "Oper-
alton Serenity" will draw world
wide attention between May / and
%, when internationally famous
musicians gather in San Juan for
the Third Annual Casals Festival.
This year 82-year-old cellist
Pablo Casals, director of the fes-
tival, has dedicated it to "Sereni-
dad" as the program is called by
Spanish-speaking islanders.
Based on the proposition that
man does not live by bread alone,
Operation Serenity" absorbs
roughly one-third of the govern
ment's annual budget, entering
almost every area of education,
history and the arts.
Artistic Renaissance
1t is leading a Puerto Rican
artistic renaissance, rediScovering
folklore and ancient music, re-
storing churches. houses and forth
ficationS dating back to the days
Of Ponce de Leon.
A politician and intellectual,
Puerto Rico's Gov. Luis Munoz
Marin regards Serenity" as his
governments ultimate and most
challenging obligation to the
islands people. Other leaders may
pay lip service to such aims, but
Gov. Munoz activates his theories
with three projects:
Operation Bootstrap" is the
drive for new industry that has
lifted Puerto Rico from poverty
and despair to bustling prosperity.
Between 1910 and 1856 the average
annual family income rose from
$500 to $2,4O0. BY 1875, Gov.
Munoz predicts, Puerto Rico's
standard Of living will equal that
of the United States.
Under Operation Common
wealth." more than two million
islanders won the right of self
government in 1852. They now
live as American citizens, with a
constitution of their own adoption,
in free association with the United
States.
The Human Spirit
Ambitious as these two pro-
grams are, they are merely STEP
ping stones, in the mind of the
governor, to Operation Serenity"
which he views as fulf1llment of
the creative and spiritual poten-
tial of the individual. 1t aims. he
says, Ito give some kind Of effec-
tive command to the human
spirit over the economic process"
AS he speaks, his people are
enthusiastically embracing the
program.
A group Of prominent Puerto
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26

Artists from Italy's La Scala
and New York's Metropolitan
Opera travel to Puerto Rico for
performances.
The Ballet de San Juan, sched-
uled for six performances dur
ing the CasalS Festival, will fea-
ture works by three Puerto Rican
composers and four Puerto Rican
photographers.
Restoration of San Herman,
tiny and picturesque municipality
dating back to 1872, is nearing
completion.
A system of musical scholarships
brings twelve young students of
the Americas to the Casals Festival
each year.
The governments ambitious edu-
cational program, also billed under
Serenity" employs a high per-
centage of the islands writers
and painters on community educa-
ton in the rural areas.
Cultural Workshops
The Institute of Culture runs
workshops in wood carving, metal
work, ceramics. painting and
sculpture. supervises rehabilita-
ton of Puerto Rican landmarks,
publishes literary works, holds art
shows and recitals in small COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
BY RICHARD KASIsCHKE
Associated Press star writer


VIENNA.-"I dearly love WASH
ington as the most beautiful city
in the world. but I wouldn't want
TO return to the strain Of politics
there-all those pressures, all that
shipping by constituents"
So says w. Sterling (Stub)
Cole. the former Republican Con-
gresham from upstate New York
who is director general Of the
International Atomic Energy
Agency uAEA) headquartered
here.
Small wonder that the 55-year-
old Cole likes it here. He is widely
envied as holding one Of the best
jobs in Austria, with q tax-free
salary Of $4,000 q year, a hand
some expense account and paid
travel opportunities that take him
all over the world.
(The Austrian chancellor's SAL
airy is $3.50 a year and the
Austrian president gets about
$8,7000
The bulk Of funds to pay Mr..
Coles salary and expenses and
those of the agency's $50 perma-
nent employees comes from the
United States, which shoulders
80 per cent Of the agency's admin
istrative budget. United States
contributions run to $575, 900 o
year. Soviet contributions, by
comparison, are puny.
What the Agency Is
The agency has been attacked
by numerous critics as an "inter-
national boondoggle." And its
supporters often wonder whether
it knows what it is supposed to
accomplish and whether it is
worth keeping.
Mr.. Cole is not sure the East
West atoms-for-peace agency can
accomplish what he feels its aims
should be. However, he says he'll
keep trying. And he doubtless will
as long as the United States keeps
up its contributions. But should
the United States stop its sup
port, that would be the end of the
LAEA and lot Of soft jobs.
Stub Cole, whose standard blue
bow tie and silver hair make him
a photogenic and favorite subject
for the IAEA photographers, was,
at the age Of 80, the youngest Re-
publican member of the 74th
Congress when he first was elected
as lawyer from Bath, N. Y, in
November, 1884. He became in
tereSted in atomic energy early,
and was chairman of the Joint
Committee on Atomic Energy dur
ing the 83rd Congress in 1953-54
when the United States atomic
law was revised to make possible
peaceful development of the new
source of energy.
He resigned from Congress De-
cember /, 1857 to head the IAEA.
OF his role as director, Mr.. Cole
says:
why, never worked so hard
in my life. I go back home night
after night carrying a stack of
reading"
MIR. Cole and his wife reside in
a downtown apartment within
easy walking distance of his office.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
BY GERALD WARING
Contributing Wyiter

OTTAWA. - In a morning
after awakening, Canadians who
voted for the party promising
both tax cuts and more social
security are now learning that
they have to- pay the political
pipers.
Canadians responded over
whelmingly to pie in the sky
promises by the Conservative
Party in elections in 1857 and
1858. They believed Conservative
Leader John Diefenbaker when he
said: 1.-THE Liberals tell you it
is not possible to lower taxes and
raise pensions at the same time.
Give us a chance-we'll show
you'll"
The people wanted the free"
hospital insurance promised by
the Conservatives. They elected
Mr.. Diefenbaker Prime Minister
and got it, but at cost to the
federal treasury of 500 million
a year.
They wanted higher old-age
pensions at age 70. and higher
blindness and disability allow
ances. They got them from the
new Tory government-$55 a
month in place of the $46 a month
provided by the previous Liberal
administration. Last year the old
age pension fund ran $184 mil
lion in the red.
Stiff Tex Increases
Now the bills have come due,
and the government is forcing
payment with series Of fairly
stiff tax increases.
Two years after the binge Of
spend more tax-less promises, FL
nance Minister Donald Fleming
informed the nation that these
programs (of social security cost
money and must be paid for" So
he called on Parliament, where
his party has a large and obedient
majority. to increase personal in
come and corporation income
taxes, excise taxes and the fed
eral sales tax.
The tax on taxable personal
income over $1,000 goes up two
percentage points on July /. In
addition, there is a one percentage
point increase in the social Sc
curity tax on income. with a
maximum levy on each taxpayer
Of $50 a year.
The tax on corporation profits
over $4,000 went up from IS per
cent to a per cent, effective Jaru-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26

been on leave Of absence since
1928.
Calm, unrufled. soft-spoken,
professional in manner, Salazar
can be exceedingly charming or
frigidly cold If angered. He has
never been known to explode in
rage, at least not in public. A cold
sarcasm, the mockery of the in
tellectual, is the closest he comes
to it.
Cites Old Regimes
He explains his opposition to
democratic parliamentarianism by
arguing that from the fall Of the
monarchy october 5. 1910, to the
May %, 1926, military uprising.
there were So cabinets, nine chiefs
of state and seven parliamentS.
In his 81 years at the state helm
he has given the nation peace,
order and one of the soundest
currencies in Western Europe. The
national budget has been balanced
every year he has been in power.
AS the world market for Portu-
gals traditional exports - cork,
port wine and f1sh-began to fail
10 years ago, Salazar started a
program of industrialization.
Still, Portugal has the lowest
standard of living and the highest
rate Of illiteracy of Western Eu-
rope. And democratic liberty has
been sacrificed to order.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26

1858, at United Nations headquar-
tiers in New York pleading that
the world nuclear powers, espe-
cially the United States and
Soviet Union, join in Harvesting
the atom for peace instead of
destruction.
The original idea was that the
IAEA-established under United
Nations auspices with 80 nations
subscribing to its statutes and
some 70 countries joining-should
become an atomic energy clearing
house. The big powers should
contribute their knowledge, their
experts, their resources to the
agency for worldwide benefit, es-
pecially to underdeveloped coun-
tries.
The Soviet Expectation
1t was probably naive for any,
body ever to expect the Soviet
Union would make much use of
an international clearing house to
dispense atomic energy aid when
it could make more political CAPT.
tai by doing this bilaterally to the
countries it favored.
Nor has the United States hesi-
tated to make bilateral and multi
lateral agreements with friendly
nations it desired to help in the
peaceful atomic field. The United
States has some AZ agreements
with 40 countries and West Ber-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
Cigors. Whisky Up

The cost of a pack of 10 cigars
goes up by two cents, and the
price of a fifth of whisky or other
spirits up about 20 cents.
In addition to tax increases, the
Canadian budget for the 1880
fiscal year provides for higher
tariffs against wooden and worsted
fabrics from Italy and France,
and against a number Of fruits
and vegetables imported from the
United States. The effect of this
added protection for domestic
producers will be higher prices or
lower standard of living, de-
pending on the choice Of the
Canadian consumer.
The increased revenue from the
tax hikes will pay the piper on the
social security deficit, but the gov
eminent will still be left with an
overall deficit this year estimated
at about $500 million, third less
than last years deficit.
Finance Minister Fleming ex-
planned that he didn't want to rob
recovery from the recession of its
gathering momentum, and that
the government would produce "a
balanced budget at the appropri-
ate time"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-26
Conodo's Politicians
Must Pay the Piper

airy of this year. In addition,
there is a one percentage point
boost in the social security tax on
corporate income, making this tax
3 per cent. This means an
effective tax on company profits
over $4,000 Of so per cent. and
on profits under $4,000 Of 81
per cent.
The Sales Tex Total
The old age security sales tax,
which is on top of a general 8
per cent sales tax, went up from
two to three percentage points,
making the total sales tax IL per
cent. 1t is estimated that, as a
result of the pyramiding of this
tax through the calculating of
profit percentages at various COM
modify turnover levels on the
basis of cost plus tax, the tax
actually adds 20 per cent to the
retail cost Of goods and services
in Canada.
Also increased are the excise
taxes on cigarettes. cigars and
spirits. This means that when
existing tax-paid stocks run out,
Canadians will be paying three
cents more for a pack of 20 ciga-
rettes, making cigarettes So cents
a pack in Ontario, 40 cents in
Quebec. even higher in outlying
provinces.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
AuToMoBILEs ron SALE

RAMBLER 81 convertible; new
sog snc c sc" Z and I "a ;,o socd eond';
RAMBLER 'B4 4-dr. Cross Country
WAGON; red finish. radio and
heater real economy. .$1SA, HILL
1880 viers Mn I'd, wheaton.
Nd. 10, $4,000.
RENAULT '57 Dauphine: heater.
Call OIL, 4-6359.
sIMcA $50 Super de luxe 4-dr.; co.
ofieial car. new-car title and war
ranty; substantial SAVINGS.
BOWMAN
The Simca Specialist
T2l5 Baltic, Ave. College Park, Nd.
UN. $4,000
STUDEBAKER '57 Commander VS.
2-dr,. overdrive, radio. heater, p
tone finish; real economy for
only S1,245. HILL a sANbEIss,
Metropolitan Washington's Oldest
I'd, wheaton, Nd. 10. 5-4066,
sTUDEBAKER IS de luxe Cham
pion 4-dr.: park green; heater.
other extras. Demo. with new. car
title and warranty, Now only
BOWMAN
Studebaker-Packard- Mercedes
1880 Ga. Ave, NV, ia. 10000
iSTUDEBAKER '5S Scotsman 2-dr. (;
loch blue, heater, other extras,
demo. with new-car title and
warranty. Full price. $l,5g5
BOWMAN
Studebaker- Packard Mercedes
1880 Ga. Ave. NV. ia. $4,000
sTUDE. 1885, Larks, all models
Immed del. EMERSON q ORME,
18th and NJ SITS. NV, D1. 7-Sl0d
IsTUDEBAKER '58 Champion 4-dr
sedan: 2-tone finish with match
ing interior. heater and real
economy; SS95,
BROWN
PONTIAC
1545 Wilson Blvd, Arl., IA, 2-5557
STUDEBAKER 80 Champion;
splendid cond.; Sl75, SI5 dn.,
SIS mo. ROPER MOTOR, La
! 6-270O.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
ROYAL MOTORS mo

FI1IU I'd. ave. IA H-INIIU-2yU4
MIG 81 "A Roadster'i; blue with
white top. wire wheels, one owner.
written guarantee: SI.7g5. TRI-
COUNTY, RAMBLER, INC. Route
No. !. across from Laurel shop
pino center, open evenings. TO
a-707l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
AUTOMOBILES FoR SALE AUTOMOBILES FoR SALE

PONTIAC 'b5 star Chief 4-dr.; air.
ccnd HYDRA p.s., p.b., r. and b.,
9-tone, Wv. tires like new eond
low a. I0ss down, bank finane-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
p0NTTAc '56

'55 4-door station wagon;
power steering and brakes, hydra.
r. and h.: $1,095. EAST-WEST
MOTORS, 100 E.-W. hwy, ST..
Spg., Md, JU. 5-1333.
PONTIAC '58 Star Chief convertible;
r. and h., hydramatic, power steer
ing. power brakes, cream nnlsn
with black top, brand-new Wv.
tires, 5000 original miles; q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08

BOWMAN
T-RIRn

1855 Thunderbird: r. and h.. Fordo-
matte, black body, new Wv.
tires. white hardtop with Con-
ttnental kit. A real classic. Don't
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
AuromoBILEs ron SALE

sTUDEBAKER so Lark de luxe; ..
door economy "6". coral: fully
equip. +, and b.. ace. kit, Wv.
tires: other extras. Display car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08

PLYMOUTH 1854 coral and black
hardtop; r. and h.. $3.50. Call
ia S-3453 after 5 pm.
PLYMOUTH 81 Belvedere VS.
hardtop 2-door; excel. cond.;
81 40h
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
BROWN

TRIUMPHS 50 sedan and station
wagon demonstrators. Save 5000.
Also new roadster. JACK PRY,
14th and Que, and 1918 Conn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
TOI SON

KRAMER TOLSON
4665 3. Capitol st. Sc. 10. $4,000
PONTIAC 'b3 station wagon: $500:
sEco6 PPsohTAecS P sfoc siV VS. n svs
PONTIAC 'b4 starchief 4-door Sc
dan: hydramatic. radio, heater
Wv. tires. ivory and dark kreen,
real real nice. only S09b,
ARLEX USED CARS
Shirlington Business Center
XII. D-662l
PONTIAC 81 star Chief sta. wag;
full power, air cond., r, and n,
low mileage, orig. owner, excel
cond. 5000. re. 3-2500.
PONTIAC 80 4-dr. so $50. Used
1000 mi. Full power equipped.
New car warranty. FLOOD Pom
TIAC. 1921 Connecticut.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
CRANSON RAMBLER

Direct Factory New-car Dealer
1919 Georgia Ave. TU. 2-7011
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-08
PONTIAC ,58

PONTIAC '55 4-dr.: $3.50. ] owner
since new. FLOOD PONTIAC, 5lOO
Wis. ave. : -
"a Star Chief IS" conv.:
r. and h, hydramatic. new top,
Al 900 actual miles: like-new nm
ish, excellent cond. SS75. CO. D.
7773. ...-.-.-------.---
PONTIAC 1854. 2-drs hydra, r
and h., 2-tone green, good cond-
ton: $685.. GA. 1894.
PONTIAC '54 4-door; radio. heater,
automatic transmission, p wei
ROYAL III CHRYSLER
sIMCA-cHRYSLER IMPERIAL
BRENTWOOD. MD. WA. 1000