davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13
Soviet Politics
Study Called
School Need

American college and uni
versity students should be given
more intensive courses on So
Wet politics, the American Po-
litical Science Association was
told yesterday.
At concluding panel discus
sions Of the groups 55th annual
meeting at the Mayfiower Ho-
tel. Dr., Thomas T. Hammond
and other participants decried
the lack Of such instruction.
DR.. Hammond Of the Univer-
sity Of Virginia said that he
had just conducted q private
survey Of the situation and
found only SO courses on So
Wet relations currently being
taught.
"Of these. almost all are one
semester or less In length" he
said. Many are only parts Of
courses. being combined with
such subjects ;. as the foreign
policies Of the great powers.
Two Universities
CAS- far as ! know only two
universities wisconsin and
virginia) offer lecture courses
longer than one semester on
Soviet foreign relations"
DR.. Hammond. however. said
there has been some improve
ment in such education since
1880. In that period. he said.
the World Peace Foundation
found only one lonely course
dealing with Soviet relations or
the Soviet government"
That course was taught at
Northwestern University, he
said. and was about as near
zero as 1t is possible to get
namely one semester hour"
The association spent its
final sessions discussing the
problem Of keeping abreast Of
Russia and its politics. espe-
cially in view Of the forthcom-
ing visit Of Premier Khru-
shchev. The Premier's visit to
President Eisenhower was fire.
ouently mentioned.
Impartial Study
The organization, which Is
composed Of professors and
Government officials. encour-
ages the impartial study Of the
art and science Of government.
Among its past presidents are
such distinguished men as
Woodrow Wilson, James Bryce.
John Bassett, Moore and
Charles A. Beard.
DR.. H. Gordon Shilling Of
the University Of Toronto told
the association that "the Com
munist states Of the world now
offer a laboratory Of study Of
immense and hitherto neg
lected value for the student Of
comparative politics"
Another speaker. DR.. John A.
Armstrong Of the University of
Wisconsin called the study of
Soviet politics IAN exciting
one" but one which had been
grossly neglected by American
educational institutions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13

educational program to meet
the Soviet challenge.
Much progress has been made
in Southern education In recent
years. A report. 70 be issued
Tuesday. Southern Schools:
Progress and Problems" pre-
pared by the Southern Educa-
ton Reporting Service. outlines
the vast improvement in the
education program in this Sec
ton Of the Nation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13

The Accokeek (Md) volun-
teer Fire Department will hold
q horse show at 2 pm. next
Sunday ct Oakwind farm, on
Livingston road near Indian
Head highway. The show will
have Western and English
style riding events.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13
SPOTLIGHT ON EDUCATION:
Indignation Pace
In South Is Slow
By DIR. BENJAMIN FINE

ny NV DEkNJhNAAGN TAME
North American Newspaper Alliance
NEW YORK. Sept. lathe
color barrier is slowly crum-
bling in the South. More Negro
pupils now attend schools with
white children than ever before.
AS schools and colleges open
this month. nearly 100000 Me-
gro boys and girls are in "inte-
grated situations" in the South
ern public schools. An estimated
1850 Negro students have en-
rolled in the previous all-white
public colleges and universities.
Integration is gaining ground
IN the Deep South. and with
less violence than at any time
since the famous Supreme
Court decision OF May II. 1854.
outlawed separate but equal"
schools. A study made by the
Southern Educational Report
ing Service indicates that 734
school districts. out Of a pos
sible 1881 biracial districts. are
now on an integrated basis.
Full Mixing Far on
However, the South Is not
letting down the barriers will
ingly. Except in the District Of
Columbia and the border
States, such as Delaware,
Maryland. Missouri and West
Virginia. full-scale Indignation
Is still a long way OF. Virginia,
North Carolina, Tennessee,
Texas. Arkansas, Oklahoma,
and now Florida have accepted
integration on q token basis
only.
Five States-South Carolina,
Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi
and Louisiana-are still fight
ing to keep even token mixing
Of classes out Of their schools.
We have entered q new era
IN the bitter indignation con-
fiict. that Of legislation and
litigation. 1t is likely that for
the next 10 years the Federal
courts will be called upon to
settle scores Of legal issues in
volving segregated classes.
Within the past several years.
200 court cases have been filed
in the State and Federal courts.
Litigation may continue for
years, II not for decades.
1T the same time, the South
err States. particularly those
designated as Deep South"
have used every possible legal
means to keep the color bar
rier from crumbling in their
own States. At least 225 new
laws have been added to the
statute books since 1854. The |
most drastic Of them would
Close the public schools If in
tegfated classes become legally
necessary.
1ntegrationists Cite Costs
, The South has tried the al |
Tentative to token indignation
private schooling. But inte-
grstionists say it hasn't worked
out.
1t Is much too costly to OPP
crate private schools. And the
quality is inferior. That has
proved the case in those COM
munities, such as Little Rock
and Front Royal. Va. where |
the public schools were re-
placed with private ones.
A recent study by the South
ern Regional Council Of At
lanta, Ca, found that. II the
public schools were closed, edu-
cation would suffer irreparable |
damage. It is simply too costly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13
Police Lodge Honors
Howard, Ex-Heud

James A. Howard. former
president Of the United States
Special Police Association.
Lodge 1888. was awarded a
bronze plaque Friday evening
for his services to the lodge.
Floyd Sweet, national vice
president Of the American
Federation Of Government
Employees. made the award at
the General Services Admin
istration Building. Eighteenth
and r streets NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-13
N Lectures Replace
z Glasses at Md. U.

Closed-circuit teleyision will
replace the lecture hall for the
first time this year at the Uni
versity Of Maryland.
About 1900 students In
Zoology 1 and Industrial Edu-
cation 81, will be peering at
2l-inch Tv sets for credit while
their professors talk to a
camera.
All but so Of the students
will be in the Introductory
zoology course. And the man
giving It is convinced they will
be better OF for the television
experience.
For the past four years I've
been lecturing In q large audi
torium.p says DR.. George w.
Wharton. head Of the Zoology
Department. 1T was impossible
to have any discussion. and
there was no correlation be-
tween the two lectures and two
laboratory sections each week"
But this year. the students
win be divided into sections Of
48 for the lectures, which will
be shortened from so to 40
minutes. The last 10 minutes
will be devoted to DISCUSSION
led by an instructor who would
also be in charge Of their
laboratories.
Two Methods Tried
The decision to proceed with
television came after exper-
mental use in the course last
year. Two different arrange
ments were tried: Placing sets
in the large auditorium, and
placing them in classrooms.
THE students much pre-
ferfed the live lectures to
watching me in the audi
forum" DR.. Wharton says.
But in the classroom, they
preferred the television SETS"
The students in the class
room actually told him he gave
more information over TvI
than he did In person. I'll
know this wasn't true" he
says. II was Just getting more
across to them with television. |
DR.. Wharton seems con-
WINGED that what Tv experts
have told him Is true: The
small screen is a more personal |
means Of communication than |
the large lecture hall.
THE only thing that will be |
missing" says the professor, lis |
the reaction to what I am say
ing. I never use notes when I |
lecture. II I go too fast or too |
slow. ! can tell from the stu |
dents. But I won't be able to |
do this now. and 1t will be a
real problem"
He says he will not change
his lecture techniques with tel
evision and will not begin using |
visual demonstrations.
Fundamentally. I'm opposed
to visual aids for teaching" he
explains. The professor should |
have his chalk and blackboard |
and the student his pencil and |
paper. Then we are on event
terms, and what ! am saying
becomes more meaningful."
Cost Il ses,000
He will use an occasional dia-
gram or picture--but primarily |
TO get the camera on his face.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-23
August "a

1880
Alt Could Be You.
7-Pontomime Quiz.
Mike StokeY host
9-Seorch for Tomorrow. Ser1.
l2:45
9-Guidins Light. Seriol.
loo
Ats q Greet Life. Comedy.
5-The Big Movie.
Va Hours. dangerous Mission +"
1858. Victor Mature. milton Q.
Ford, host)
7-Music Binso. Quiz.
Johnny Gilbert, m. {,
9-Theoter of Stnrs. Dromo.
"Poris Edition" Jack Corson stors.
1870
Ain Our Town. Color.
Moc McGorrX m. c.
IL Married Joon. Comedy.
Joon Dovis, Jim Bockus stor
9-As the World Turns. Scroll.
200
4-Queen for q Doy. Giveowoy.
Jack Smith subs.
7-Doy in Court. Triol.
9-For Better or Worse.
Dr.. JONES A. Peterson, host.
2:5o
4-Blondie. Comedy.
Arthur Loke, Pomelo 6ritton stor
tRepeot.l
5-TV Readers Digest. Drama.
7-GoIe Storm Show. Comedy.
9-House Party. Variety.
300
4-Young Dr.. Malone. Oromo.
Wilton Prince stors.
5-DougIos Foirbonks Presents.
7-Beot the Clock. Come.
Bud Collyer, m c.
9-The Big Payoff. Quiz.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-23
Program Listines

Hopper. Comedy.
Leo 6. CorroIl stors.
81 Love Lucy. Comedy.
1880
AUGMENTATION. Come.
Hugh Downs. host.
5-Cortoon Ploytime. Kids.
7-PeopIe's Choice. Comedy.
Jackie Cooper stors.
9-ToP Dollar. Quiz.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
Five Births Occur

Five births occurred at the Gar
rett County Memorial hospital in
Oakland during the week four
girls and one boy.
on the 5th a daughter to Mr.
and Mrs. Harold Emerson Fike,
Oakland
On the 9th daughter TO Mr..
and Mrs. Charles Lawrence Me-
Ginnis. Brookside, w. Va.
On The 9th a son to DR. and Mrs.
Joseph Alvarez, Oakland; daugh-
ter to Mr.. and Mrs. Oliver Simon,
Oakland.
On the 9Th daughter to Mr.. and
Mrs. Rodney Howard Mckenzie,
Friendsville.
During the week the hospital adj
mittcd 81 patients and discharged
a. Census this morning was so.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

Subscribe for The Republican
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

Mrs. Clarence Spear spent the
weekend in FricndSville visiting
friends
DelberI Swartzcntruber visited
his family over the weekend. lie
is employed in Canton, O.
Bruce Swift of Washington
spent the weekend here with his
grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce
Lohr.
Mrs. Jesse j. Ashby left Oak
land on Tuesday for Sebring, Fla
where she will spend the winter
months
Mrs. Myrtle Gortner, OF Red
House. was a patient in Memorial
hospital in Cumberland, for sew
cral days.
Members of st Marks Lutheran
Church council will meet next
Monday evening at o'clock in the
Parish house.
Members of the United Luther
an Church men will meet in the
assembly room next Wednesday
evening at s o'clock. Edward P.
Kahl will lead the topic on How
Can | Get Closer to God?"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
Maryland Keeps
Ancient Pledge
BY Neil Swanson, Education
Editor, Baltimore News-Post
Issue Of Sept. II, 1859

Perhaps the brightest pages in
more than three centuries of Mary
land history are those that tell
the story of its long tradition of
religious tolerance and freedom.
1t is commonly assumed that
this tradition goes back to the Act
Concerning Religion passed by
the General Assembly. in 1649 and
known as the federation Act.
The truth is that it goes back
much farther-all the way back to
the founding of the colony.
At time when freedom of reli-
gion was scandalous idea, indeed,
almost unheard of, the founders
of Maryland-by their conduct of
public affairs-gave their tacit
pledge of federation to the OPP
pressed and prosecuted.
They turned the newborn colony
INTO q sanctuary.
a shining Footnote to History
The passage of the federation
Act was only confirmation of a
policy unique, then, in the world.
Now, in the far western end of
Maryland, the people of Garrett
County have written a new, shin
ing footnote to those bright pages
of our remarkable beginnings.
They have kept the ancient prom
Use
They have applied the principle
of liberation to a touchy problem
one that has caused serious
trouble elsewhere. and could east
ly have caused the same kind OF
trouble in Maryland.
The problem is the collision be.
tween law and the convictions OF
those sects known as the Amish
and the Mennonites. In varying de-
grees. the members of these faiths
| believe that certain aspects of the
law, as they apply to children, arc
wrong and an offense to con
science.
See Worldiaess In Big Schools
There are two major points Of
collision.
A belief that children ought not
be required to stay in school, after
completing eight grades, until
they are 16.
An objection to sending children
to the big consolidated schools, on
the ground that this involves UNI
necessary and unreasonable eX-
posure to worldiness.
} Like many people OF strong faith
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

and conscience who have gone be-
fore them, they have been willing
to suffer for their belief In some
states. they have suffered.
In Pennsylvania, parents who
challenged school law for their
consciences' sake have gone to
Jail.
In Ohio. children have been
taken from their parents and put
into public institutions.
PROGRESS ColIides With
Conscience
The same thing could have hap
pened in the hills of western
Maryland.
Garrett County has old settle
ments of Mennonites and Amish
They are good, substantial citizens
Garrett also has finally COM
pleted an amazing transformation
of its public school system.
This fail, for the first time, no
child in Garrett County goes to
"a one-room schoolhouse with two
'frills"-two identical small houses.
tastefully arranged in the back
yard. Once upon a time there
were 129 such schools.
But consolidation raised the is
sue of religious conviction. The
tact, tolerance and wisdom with
which it was met and solved might
offer an example to other states
Take, for example, the Yoder
school, two miles out of Grants
vile. 1t served a community of
Amish and MennOnites. But it had
become too small. Consolidation
was the answer-in the laws eyes,
but not in those of the Yoder par
ents.
The Law Upheld, The Parents
Satisfied
The county school authorities
made it quite plain that the law
is the law. There could be no
exemption from it. But there could
be, they decided, understanding in
its application.
They offered to provide build
ing materials for an addition to
the school,, if the parents would do
the work
The parents did it. Day after
day, men and women worked to-
gether in the old frontier tradition
Then when the addition was com
pleted, the second difficulty arose
The Yoder school had only eight
grades; children finished them be
fore they were Is But here, too,
| there was a solution.
The county added 9th grade
The parents agreed to keep their
children in school through the
added grade-then they were 10
The law was satisfied So were
consciences of parents. The anci
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

ADV. 1t
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
Manipulating
Human Behavior
Q Mentality

Q. Several months ago ne,Us
stories told of a neiU method of
advertising called ''inuisibie
selling" Can the mind actually
be influenced without a person
being aWdre of it,?
A. Subliminal projection c'invis-
ible sell'O is technic long ia
miliar to psychologists. 1t con-
SistS in brief showings of material
such as a soap box on a T-V
screen or movie screen. The
images can be perceived by the
individual without his being con-
sciously aware of it. The device
used to flash the brief exposure is
the tachistoscope, a gadget which
is one of the Oldest pieces of
hardware in the psychological
laboratory. The promoters of this
type of advertising claim that it
will sell" Psychologists are more
concerned with whether the meth
cd - assuming that it works as
an advertising gimmick - should
be used at all. One scientist has
said that playing with the control
Of human behavior is more risky
and terrifying than touching off
atomic bombs.
o. Is there an easy icdy for
parents to tell phen a 4-yem.
old has a superior mind?
A. Most parents land nearly all
grandparents consider the 4-year-
old member of the family quite
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

ment in Tokyo to dcnouncc United
States.
Air force announced that four
squadrons would be inactivatcd
for economic reasons
Storms and floods in south Italy
left 5000 without homes.
The Navy released a photo taken
of ocean floor in Pacific at 1860
foot depth.
President Eisenhower planned to
make thirty speeches during his
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
Oakland Personals

King Tower, of Baltimore. spent
the weekend with his parents
Mr. and Mrs Roger Tower, at
Deep Creek village.
George Lee, of Baltimore, re.
turned TO his home Tuesday morn
ing after spending several days
here With his parents.
Miss Martha DeBerry, Frostburg
State Teachers college, spent the
weekend with her parents, Mr.
and Mrs Walter DeBerry
Mrs. Harry Coddington plans to
enter Garrett County Memorial
hospital on Monday, December H.
where she will undergo surgery
Miss Carolyn Close, of North
Arlington, Va. and Alec Close. of
Washington. spent the weekend
with their parents. Mr.. and Mrs.
Bruce Close.
Robert NJ. Maroney, trial magis-
strate. entered Garrett County
Memorial hospital on Tuesday
afternoon for observation and pos
sible treatment.
Miss Ruth Lee and Ben Dewitt
were among those of the Red
House community who were pa
tients in Garrett County Memorial
hospital last week.
The general meeting of the VS.
CS of the Methodist church will
meet Wednesday evening, Deem
Der l6, at the church. The program
will be presented by the Junior
choir The topic will be Christ
mas Around the World
Mrs. Cora Refs, formerly of Deer
Park, remains a patient in Garrett
County Memorial hospital where
she has been for the past two
weeks. Her son, Frederick w. Refs,
of Baltimore, visited her on Sun
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. David w. Walter,
Jr.. and family. of Bethel Park
Pa. visited the formers father
David w. Walter, ST., and other
members of the family at their
home on Sixth street on Thanks
giving day.
Mrs. w. r. Offutt is now oc-
cupying an apartment in the
Algonquin hotel in Cumberland.
She has temporarily closed her
home on Second street which was
occupied by the Offutt family for
a number Of years.
Members Of the Mizpah Sunday
School class of St. Paul's Methodist
church will hold their annual
Christmas party on Friday eve
ming, December II, at o'clock
at the home of Mrs. Harold Harmed
Mrs. Willard Elliott will be assist
ing hostess.
Mrs. Daniel L. Riley, of Rosedale
still remains a patient in the Gar
rett County Memorial hospital
after undergoing surgery last Fri
day evening, December a. She is
expecting to return to her home
some time Friday. Mrs. Effie JEFF
ferries, Kingwood, W Va, is spend
ing few days at the home of her
son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and
Mrs Riley.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10

A son was born to DR.. and Mrs.
Joseph Alvarez in Garrett County
Memorial hospital on Tuesday.
Jerry Paugh, Deer Park, is sur
gical patient in a Uniontown hos
pital. He will be a patient for about
two weeks.
A son was born to Mr. and Mrs
Ernest 4. Trcssler, Mt Lake Park
in Memorial hospital, Cumberland
on Wednesday.
r. r. Kimmell, of Mt. Lake Park
and son, Glenn A. Kimmell, OF
Clarksburg, w. Va, are spending
this week in New York City.
William J. Ritchey, proprietor
of Oakland Tire Service. is able to
be at work again for few hours
a day, following a heart attack
which he suffered about three
weeks ago.
Carol Phillips. of Washington, d.
c., was visiting her parents, Mr.
and Mrs. Clifford A. Phillips. on
Nit. Lake road. over the weekend.
She was accompanied by Neil
Sauve. also of Washington
Robert Leighton remains pa
tient in a MorgantoWn hospital
following an automobile wreck last
week in which he suffered frac-
tured right arm He is a son of Mr..
and Mrs. Clarence Leighton. 7th
street.
The Chickasaw All club is hav-
ing program at Bruce High
school, Westernport, on Monday
evening, December Ia, at O'Clock,
to give the public a glimpse of All
work in an educational and recre-
ational program.
Purl Woodrum and William A.
Clark, of Huntington, w. Va, Wis
tied overnight at the home of the
latters parents, Rev. and Mrs.
Okey Clark, Rosedale, recently
while deer hunting in Canaan Val
ley, Preston county, W. Va.
Dinner guests of Mr.. and Mrs.
Paul Dewitt, Fourth street, on
Thanksgiving were Mr. and Mrs.
John o. Dewitt and family, of
Frederick: Mr.. and Mrs. Frank l..
Dewitt. Randallstown; Mr.. and
Mrs. Paul f. Dewitt and sons, Oak
street: and William Dewitt
Mr.. and Mrs. Donald Dewitt, of
Gaithersburg. spent the weekend
with the formers parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Richard Dewitt Mr. Dewitt
is employed at the Duvall milk
plant in Gaithersburg Mr.. and
Mrs. Dewitt also spent Sunday in
Davis, w. Va visiting friends.
Garrett Temple No II, Pythian
Sisters, is having a turkey supper
on Monday evening, December IA,
beginning at o'clock. Each men,
Der is to bring a covered dish.
At the meeting to follow there
will be election of officers. After
the meeting there will be jingle
gifts exchanged with a limit of 81.
Word was received in this area
of the death of Mrs. Elmer Taylor,
of MasontoWn, w. Va, which Oc-
Cured on November 10. Besides
her husband and seven sons, she
is also survived by a daughter
Mrs. Thornton Deffinbaugh, a
former resident of Oakland, now
residing at 1910 n. Taylor St,
Arlington, Va.
----O--- ---------
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
CARD OF THANKS

We desire to express our sincere
thanks and appreciation to all our
friends and neighbors for their
kindness and helpfu.ncss during
the illness and following the death
of our husband and father, the late
Roy Dumire.
We also want to thank all who
gave flowers and contributed the
use of their automobiles for the
funeral service.
Wife and Family
ADV If
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
PAGE FIVE

trip TO foreign lands.
The weight of evidence impli-
Gates smoking as main cause of
rising ltng cancer governments
chief health officer reported
The Navy estimated that Russia
and Red China had l20 or more
submarines in Pacific area.
A woman in Baltimore was shot
through the hear, and still lived,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1959-12-10
CARD OF THANKS

We desire to express our sin
cerc thanks and appreciation to
all our friends and neighbors for
their kindness and helpfulnesS
during the illness and following
the death of our wife and daugh-
ter, the late Evelyn Shaffer Green
We also want to thank all who
gave flowers and contributed the
use of their automobiles for the
funeral service.
Warren f. Green, Husband
Mr.. and Mrs. Leon c. Shaffer
parents
ADV. Ait