davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
SATELLITE
Radio to Go Silent
After Full Year

Tered the radiation belts which
bear his name. His device con-
tains two Geiger counters, one
of which is shielded slightly by
lead in order to- make it rela-
lively insensitive to radiation.
6. Erosion in Space-Cosmic
dust and other particles are
known to have an effect on the
material from which satellites
are made. To study this with
particular relation to the power
generating properties of solar
cells, an unprotected cell is ex-
posed on the outside Of the
satellite. and is connected to a
volt meter which will detect
and report any lessening Of cur
rent generating power.
The outside Of the satellite
is virtually covered with solar
cells which are protected from
erosion by'a transparent cover.
The cells pick up power from
the sun and provide the energy
necessary for radio transmission
to earth on one of two channels.
The solar-powered channel
is 20 megacycles, a wave length
easily receivable by radio hams.
Chemical batteries operating
on 108 me. also will send out a
tracking signal which can be
used for transmission of cosmic
dust data.
Radio OF in Year
Because the satellite was
supposed to be established in
an orbit in which it would re-
main for many years, an auto
matte cutoff was provided to
conclude transmission on the
solar power 20-megacycle chan
mel after one year. This ar
rangement is similar to that
reported used in the Russian
Lunik III.
The automatic cutoff device
meets objections of communi-
cations experts who complain
that without such provision, the
radio spectrum soon will be dis
turbed by satellites broadcast
ing information long after
their usefulness is over. Ex-
plorer VII is the first American
satellite to contain this sort
of cut off.
In effect. Explorer VI, the
paddle-wheel satellite launched
in August, contained such a
safeguard. It's solar-powered
radio broadcasts only on COM
mand from the earth. Conse-
quently observers on the ground
can conclude the satellites USE
full transmitting life simply by
ceasing to interrogate it any
more.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
McEIroy Arrives

AUCKLAND, New Zealand,
oct. Is (AP).-Neil McElroy,
United States Defense Secre-
tary, arrived at ChriStchurch
today to inspect the American
Antarctic Expedition head
quarters. He will go to Yelling
ton tomorrow for talks with
Prime Minister Walter Nash
and heads Of the armed Serv-
ices.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13

entry speed Of $4,000 miles an
hour.
The heat shield. scientists
said. withstood a temperature
Of 5000 degrees Fahrenheit
during its re-entry.
The display brought to light
for the first time that NASA
offers q $4,000 reward for the
recovery Of a Mercury capsule.
The l-ton capsule bears
the reward notice painted on
its outside. It also says: "The
property Of the United States
Government and not aban-
doned. Contains dangerous ex-
plosives and electronic compo-
nents. Do not attempt to dis
assemble or tamper with"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13

ed States East Coast at Savan.
nah, Ga.
4. Final orbit-Across the
South Atlantic south Of Cape
Verde Islands, over Angola,
crossing Just north Of johann
nesburg. just north Of Gerald
ton on the Australian west
coast, across the Gulf Of Car
penteria and Cape York, across
Eastern New Guinea and the
Marshall Islands, and north
Of Honolulu.
Launching Fixes Course
The descent will begin over
the Pacific, and will take the
space capsule across San Diego,
San Angelo, Tex; New Orleans
and down to a landing in the
Bahamas.
THE course is fairly well
established" said Mercury
Astronaut Leroy Cooper, an
Air Force captain.
1T is determined by the
direction of the launching
There isn't much that can
happen to alter it,"
Capt. Cooper said prelimi-
nary sub orbital flights -
launchings by Redstone rockets
for relatively short distances
still were in prospect for the
Mercury Astronauts next
spring.
The first man to be launched
is to be chosen by the toss OF
a coin.
Model Capsule Recovered
An experimental model Of
the Mercury capsule was
launched by a Big Joe rocket
September 9 to an altitude OF
100 miles and recovered by a
destroyer eight hours later,
several hundred miles down
the missile range. 1t was placed
on display here.
The capsule survived a re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
More Laid Off
AfAuto Plants

DETROIT, Oct. 10 (AP).-
Dwindling steel supplies con-
tinued to sap General Motors
auto production today as $500
more workers faced layoffs at
Chevrolet manufacturing
plants.
More than $4,000 GIN en-
ployes had been sent home be-
cause of the steel shortage in
weeks prior to yesterdays an
nouncement of new layoffs.
The company said 2,400
workers will be idled after to-
days shifts and another 4.10C
after tomorrow as q result OF
the steel strike. The layoffs at
Flint (Mich.) Chevrolet plants
affect six-cylinder and va en-
CINE production and body
stampingS.
Chevrolet laid off 1900 work.
ers yesterday at plants in To-
nawanda, N. Y; Livonia, Sagi-
nav and Bay City, Mich, be-
cause of steel shortages.
Previous GIN layoffs had af-
fected mainly the Ternstedt
division plants at Trenton, N
j., Flint and Columbus, Ohio
Ternstedt makes trim and body
hardware for passenger cars.
Production was to resume to-
day at Chevrolet's Corvair plant
at nearby Willow Run. Output
at the. smaller car plant was
halted yesterday as a result Of
inventory problems resulting
from the steel strike.
Yesterdays announced lay
offs will bring GINS steel-idled
total to nearly 10000.
None Of the other auto firms
has announced any layotfs re-
sulting from lack Of steel. Ford
shut down its small car Falcon
production at Lorain, Ohio. anc
Kansas City yesterday because
Of a shortage Of stamplngs. A
Ford spokesman said, however
that the stoppage was due tt
an internal company problem
and not a result of the stee,
strike.
Ford manufacturers about
half its own steel and says the
national strike so far has moi
seriously affected car produc-
ton.
Chrysler-Third member oil
autos big three-said yester-
day it has been picking ur
speed on 1860 model production
American Motors and Stude.
baker-Packard also report ade-
quate steel supplies, at least
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13

Canaveral CFla.) launching site
The whole trip would take AZ:
hours.
Hurting along at $1,000
miles an hour most Of the way
the satellite would cross South
Africa, Australia and a narrow
southern strip Of the United
States.
One AstrOnaut Confirms
AS outlined here at the re-
search center Of the National
Aeronautics and Space Admin
istration, and as confirmed BY
one Of the seven Mercury
Astronauts, the detailed flight
plan is this:
/. A launching slightly north
Of east from Cape Canaveral.
2. An initial orbit "a first
enlightenment Of the earth-that
would cross these points:
The North Atlantic, the
Canary Islands, Spanish West
Africa and Algeria. the main
part Of Africa just north OF
Lake Chad and Lake Victoria
Kenya, Australia south OF
Perch in the west and south
Of Brisbane in the east, Fiji
Islands. Samoa. southern tip
of Baja California, Northern
Mexico, Texas south of Austin
and north of Houston, north
Of New Orleans and the United
States East Coast south OF
Charleston, S. c.
3. Second orbit - Crossing
Bermuda and swinging south
ward across Nigeria, Mozam.
bique and Madagascar, over
Perth. across Mackay on the
Australian east coast, south Of
the Solomons. directly over
Rowland and Baker Islands in
the Central Pacific. over the
northern end of Baja Califor-
MIA, just south of Tucson, Ariz.;
north of Carlsbad, N. Mex;
north of Fort Worth and Dali
las, Tex, and leaving the Unit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13

Continued From First Page
Government impose labor set
Elements.
Has too much faith been
placed on the willingness and
ability (of labor and manage
ment) to settle their own diff
ferenceS?" DR.. Taylor asked.
Mr.. Mcdonald replied that
the union has tried to bargain,
but the bargaining processes
have broken down this year.
and I charge by deliberate de-
sign of the American steel in
dustry."
milking" Desire Charged
Arthur j. Goldberg, general
counsel of the union, charged
that the companies do not want
a voluntary agreement and
have been counting the Gov
eminent to send the strikers
back to work through an
injunction.
Discussing the key issue Of
work rules, Mr., Mcdonald said
the companies want to produce
profits from dilapidated plants
by milking every last ounce Of
production and profit at the
expense of the sweat and blood
of the United Steelworkers Of
America"
Grimly, he declared:
They simply are not going
to get away with it,"
The companies want the
right to change local worE
practices to cut costs.
Union FavOrs Local Parleys
The union contends the way
to handle work rules is through
negotiation on the local level
not by a national agreement
The local system has worked
well in the past, the steelwork-
ers maintain. Mr.. Goldberg
emphasized that the work rule!
do not impede automation.
Despite the apparent widt
disagreement between the unior
and the companies on worl
rules, the board of.inQuiry sue
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
Gil yesterday failed to produce
the major switch which some
Western diplomats expected.
These delegates had believed
: that many countries would not
feel like supporting Poland for
seats in two major U. N. coun-
ellis.
Z In an attempt to head of
. any such switch, the Soviet
Union issued a statement urg-
ing Poland's supporters to
stand firm.
1.-THE election of Poland to
the Economic and Social Coun-
Gil by no means can or must
mean that Poland cannot be
(. simultaneously elected to the
Security Council" the Soviet
delegation said.
On the 18th ballot Poland
received A and Turkey "a.
Turkey Shows Strength
AS the voting continued Tur-
key picked up some strength,
but continued to trail. There
. also were signs that some dele
gates were trying to start a
swing to a compromise candi-
date.
i On the 18th ballot, which
was not restricted to the two
leading contestants, Yugoslavia
received seven votes, mainly at
the expense of Poland. On this
ballot Poland dropped to SO
while Turkey got IS.
On the 10th ballot, however,
Poland polled 43 and Turkey
81. This one was restricted to
. Poland and Turkey. Poland re-
; ceived A on the goth ballot
and Turkey got IS.
Lacks Two Thirds
7 In the voting for the Security
Council seat that Japan gives
up January l, Poland led the
: United States-backed Turks on
all the first Is ballots yester-
day, but failed to get the two
thirds majority necessary for
election.
The vote on the final ballot
Of the day was 1894. Poland's
highest total for the day was
40 votes on the seventh ballot,
six short of a win. Turkeys
! high score was 38, or 16 short,
After the 18th ballot Argen-
tina proposed that the Assem-
bly, halt the Security Council
vote and take UP the elections
for the Economic and Social
Council. Spotting the purpose
Of this, Russia attempted to
hold up the ECOSOC votes as
, well, but was defeated. 1922
. with Is nations sustaining.
The United States has con-
tended ever since Poland be-
came a candidate for the two
councils that she should moi
hold both seats at once ano
supported her for ECOSOC
Because of the strong Ameri-
can backing for the Turks. the
Poles showing in the Security
Council race constituted 8
threat to American prestige.
Backed by Soviet Bloc
In the secret balloting the
Poles had the support Of the
nine-nation Soviet bloc, Yugo.
slavia, India and number o.
other Asian or African nations
and almost half of the Latin.
American bloc.
1855 Deadlock Recalled
1t was the second time 9
United States-backed candidate
for the Council found the goine
rough. In 1855 the Philippines
backed by the Americans. anc
Yugcslavia were deallocked 70,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
Mexico Seeks Power

MEXICO CITY, Oct. 10 (AP).
With the help of foreign
loans Mexico hopes to double
it's electric power generating
capacity in the next five years.
The present capacity is four
billion kilowatts, and an invest
ment of $3.50 million will be
needed to double it. a.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13

ice you can expect Finally, and most important,
it will only take few minutes to work out q
deoI for you. Beyond any shadow Of doubt,
we will prove to you that you get the very best
deal anywhere. This, know, is q strong stote-
ment-but we are fully prepared to prove it. II
you are in the market for beautiful and sensible
compact cor, come to our showroonns tomorrow
and see all thot's new from Rambler
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
Flight Plan Revealed
For Manned Satellite

LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER Va, Oct. 10 AP).-The
fight plan for the first Mercury manned satellite made
public at this space center today,
1t calls for the Mercury capsule to three times
around the earth at altitude of 100 miles and land in
the Atlantic of the Bahama Islands not far from the Cape
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-13
Banks 100 Years Old

NEW YORK. - More than
5000 of the Nations banks are
over so years old. About ESQ
have passed the century mark
and five or six more than $50
years old.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12
GroundIess Feurs

Your columnist, Mrs. Thorn.
son, need not have used so much
Of her space apologizing or ex.
planning why she was using a
free press to disagree violently
with the Unitarians, upon whom
she is a self-appointed author.
ity." 1t Is her privilege to do
so, and 1t Is also their right to
believe what they will and to
hold meetings to discuss what
all or any of them think. II
race relations are a problem
and who will claim that they
are not?-then in a free society
Unitarians and others will talk
about it and try to devise solu,
tons. This is indeed educa.
tional, something your col.
umnist claims to believe in.
Unitarians are just as deter.
mined on discussing problems
in a peaceful and democratic
manner as the Society OF
Friends, for instance, is in in
sisting that war and violence
are bad for the human race.
What Mrs. Thompson may
not understand about Unitarians
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12

racial housing on a strictly
business" basis, and persuaded
Mr.. Milgram to their views.
One of the most significant fea.
lures on his work as related to
social justice is this very profit
motive which shocks Lila Thorn.
son. Negroes pay a profit when
they buy food, and clothing.
Why not housing? 1 can see no
stigma on the profit concept,
but to the contrary see only
value to our society.
When I turn to the question
of where Unitarians are going
and why, the questions of rising
to the challenge surge within
me. If Lila Thomson read about
Unitarianism, she will know
that cannot speak authorita-
lively for them, but only for my
self, and to be honest even that
must be tentative. But if there
is a common denomination
among Unitarians, it is the de-
sire to make their religion a way
of life. Religion translated into
everyday action, ideals applied
to everyday living, putting prin-
ciples to work, these things are
the Unitarian way. Lila Thorn
son asks what has intergrated
housing to do with religion? I
would ask what is there that
does not have to do with re-
ligion? Is the idea of equality
Of man a religious concept? Is
brotherhood moral? Is tolerance
limited to whites, or confined to
churchyards? Is social justice
merely a talking thing, or is it
a doing thing? And If it is a
doing" thing, must it be only
charity? If we have done that
which encourages some to pur-
sue interracial housing in our
community, it would seem that
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12

Morris Milgram thought not.
His interracial housing develop
ments appeared to support his
hopes. We wanted to find out
first hand. What are his ideals,
his detectives, his results? Sc
we asked him to tell us about
these things. And we invited
those whom we felt would be in.
terested, whether their interest
was "pro" or "con." Lila Thorn
son would have been welcomed.
Whether anyone agrees with
Mr.. Migrants evaluation of his
own experiments, it must be
recognized that the topic is vital
and timely.
But Lila Thomson says
profit motive" and this is sup
posed to brand the affair as evil
and irreligious. Is profit i'm
moral? Note that it was not sug-
gested that unfair, unreason-
able or excess profit wa in
volved, just profit. Do all good
works have to be non-profit,
charitable, philanthropic? One
of of the most difficult things
the United States has to do is
to find ways to share it's wealth
with the underprivileged and
underdeveloped countries of the
world without the stigma of
charity. And we have failed so
often. Surely it can be seen
that the dignity of the Negro
buying a Milgram house is en-
HANGED by his knowledge that
he is paying his way, not rely
ing on charity. Isn't this a thing
to be desired by all men for
all men of all races?
Morris Milgram first thought
in terms of a cooperative ven
ture. But the Friends Service
Com mittee in Philadelphia
recognized the value of inter-
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12

we are only setting into motion
events that may confirm what
may be heard in pulpits across
the county and the country, that
men are equal, that we should
strive to learn to love, that we
should be able to live as men
with men of all races, free to
like or dislike others as indi-
vidauls, not as stereotypes of
coolr, creed or heritage.
But Unitarians still want to
learn, to grow, to test their opin-
ions and their ideals. Unfortu-
nately the article presents moth
ing for constructive thought.
But perhaps Lila Thomson, or
her informer, have some sincere
convictions, worthy of consider
alton. We are interested. And
so / invite her to meet with us,
and share her ideas so that we
may learn from her. / offer
either our Committee on Inter-
group Relations, or our entire
membership.
But she must recognize that
she has the burden of defend
ing her article, it's sources, its
statements both about the Mil.
gram lecture and about Uni
tarianism, and the irresponsible
and deliberately provocative
words.
In return, I offer to provide
the same service to her on be-
half of the Chapter represent,
the co-sponsors of the lecture,
and though I'm far from being
the most competent spokesman,
on behalf of Unitarians.
Robert N. Rea
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12

Morris Milgram, President of
Modern Community Developers.
The reason to hear Mr.. Milgram
was to learn how he has sue
cessfully developed inter-racial
projects in other sections of the
country, not to listen to "plans
for integrated housing in this
area" Three panel members
were invited to make whatever
application they wanted to the
County.
The success of the meeting
was due to the spirit Mr.. Mil
gram was able to communicate.
Far from being an eloquent
speaker, his realism, balance,
and practical concern could be
felt by everyone except, posi-
bly,, Mrs. Thomson's infornants.
Mayor Greene, who was indeed
one of the panelists, maintained
the hard-headed objectivity for
which he is well-known.
l was invited to chair both
m e tin G S. This experience
brought home to me the crucial
Importance of everyone having
a concern for our Country's
future rising above prejudice
and emotionalism in order to
find a constructive way to meet
the most difficult problem
facing us. When other groups
try to look at his disturbing
question and sponsor meetings
about it hope that Mrs. Thorn
son, if she is still in the col
umnist business, will be a good
enough reporter at least to at
tend them before taking off on
new diatribes.
John Raker
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12

her article Is the reporting of
someone else, shaded, of course,
by her own interpretations. A
principle of our way of life in
this country is to be confronted
with ones accuSer. So ask the
writer, who attended the meet
ing and is the source of the in
formation upon which she based
her article? For it is to that
person 1 really should address
my remarks. Lila Thomson is
merely a reflector, not a report
er. However,, she is entitled to
her reflections, and her opin-
ions. But who is the accuser?
She questions the purpose of
the meeting. Why was no one
associated with initiating or
sponsoring the meeting asked
as to the purpose? Lila Thorn
son chooses not to discuss inte-
grated housing. How can the
purpose of the meeting be I'M
derstood without thinking of
integrated housing? To separate
these two things is manifestly
absurd.
AS to the purpose of the meet
ing, there is no doubt and no dis.
agreement between integration-
lists and segregationists that
minority groups are restricted
as to housing. This is, by def
milton, a matter of "social JUS
tice." We are all aware of the
many incidents caused by Ne
groes moving into all-white
areas. In these situations, the
"fors" are pitted in struggle
with the "againsts," and ten
sions mount, with variety of
results. The rights of each indi-
vidual to his own opinions, feel
ings, emotions and atitdues are
often trampled in the name of
social justice" Must this be?
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12
TB Solicitation
Starts Friday

An advance fund drive among
Rockville businessmen was to
be started this Friday, con.
tinuing through next week. by
]. Hodge Smith, business chair
man for the Rockville unit,
Montgomery County Tuber'
culosis and Heart Association.
Regular TB and Heart Christ
mas Seal letters soliciting con-
tributions from the public have
started to go out. The advance
business drive in Rockville will
be for the tuberculosis part Of
the program. A heart drive
will be started next year.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-11-12
MiIqrum Explained
Clyde ID. Hardin

A liberal, when challenged to
a debate on almost any topic,
will usually respond with much
animation. II the topic is an is
sue of social justice, his ANNA
ton will usually be more ener-
getic. But to challenge a Uni
traian liberal on topic that
combines both social issue,
and the purposes Of Unitarian
ism, is to create whirlwind.
Against worthy opponent, this
stimulation is a thing of JOY,
and the exchange is anticipated
as both constructive and salts
flying.
But a challenge from a source
that does not hold prospect of
constructive response is diff
cult to meet. The first tendency
is to apply ones time and en-.
ergy more usefully elsewhere.
Such was my initial reaction at
reading the article, "Goals of
Unitarians Topic Of Query" by
Lila Thomson, guest columnist
in your November issue. But as
President of the Montgomery
County Chapter of the Unfair
ian Fellowship for Social JUS
tice, initiators of the Milgram
lecture, who accepted the sup
port Of more than twenty-five
organizations in the Greater
Washington area as co-sponsors,
accept a responsibility to re-
spond. address my thoughts
to you as Editor, presuming you
accept a similar responsibility
toward your readers, so that
you may find what I have to say
of interest both as to the facts
of the situation discussed by
Lila Thomson, and as to the
trust you evidently place in one
who writes for your publication.
Lila Thomson did not attend
the Milgram lecture. Therefore.