davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
President Is Believed to be Reserving
Some Commitments on Summit PorIey

ports say further, is more de-
termined than ever to force
the allies at the summit
meeting Tin his opinion the
foreign ministers meeting will
be only q gathering Of clerks,
to subscribe to q two-Ger-
manys idea. This matter with
all its implications for the
future Of the free world has
been discussed at length be-
tween President de Gaulle
and Chancellor Adenauer.
The latter is said to have in
dicated that II the allies made
wide concessions to the Soviet
Union-as Khrushchev thinks
they will 'in order to avoid
war over Berlin"-West Ger
many may in the next 10
years seek salvation and unity
by leaving the Western camp
and joining Russia politically
and economically.
The Germans have never
been afraid Of the Russians
the same is true even today.
They cannot be contaminated
by bolshevism. This is shown
by the fact that few in
East Germany outside the
puppet government are real
Communists. We have very
definite indications that in
the event Of an unlikely
showdown, the Russians will
not trust the 100000 East
German soldiers.
On the other hand, there
still is a school of thought in
Western Germany which is
convinced that a solid rap
prochement between Ger
many and Russia will result
in the former eventually
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Filling Moscowin on Camp David

Of ornaments or limitations
Of the size Of armed forces
or the policing Of areas In
Central Europe by troops
other than those Of the local
government concerned would
yield to easy solution II there
were mutual trust. Conversely,
no plan. no matter how bril-
liantly balanced on. paper TO
give the impression Of fair
ness, viii be Of any avail so
LONG as distrust persists.
The plain truth is that
fear exists on both sides. The
Soviets think allied bases
and armed forces near their
territory threaten them and
that a surprise attack can
come at any time from the
West. Similarly. the West is
convinced that the behavior
Of the Soviet armies In the
countries they have con-
quered. including East Ger
many, is that of a ruthless
aggressor with no considers
ton for the rights Of their
own peoples or other peo-
Piles.
Under such circumstances.
the cold war cannot be ended
by terms of virtual surren-
der which the Soviets contin-
ually insist on. For. despite
the talk Of fiexibility among
Western chiefs--a good word
to use in placating political
opposition domestically--the
true word Is firmness.
There Is no intention on
the part Of the West to sur
render to the Soviets. and
there is no trust placed in
the Soviets. For, while they
claim they didn't present an
ultimatum to get Western
troops out Of Berlin in May.
the impression still prevails
here that they thought they
could negotiate with the
West under duress. That plan
has failed. and there is not
the slightest indication that
the West will accept any
plan that recognizes the So
Wet Union as the conquering
ruler Of West Berlin or Of
any other part Of Europe
outside its own borders.
copyright, 1857
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Russio Seen Unhappy at Being in Dark
On Eisenhower-MocmilIon ToIks

willing to accept. Obviously.
the Prime Minister Of Britain
and the President Of the
United States exchanged
views and discussed hypo-
thetically all sorts OF plans
and ideas. The Moscow gov
eminent may have the erro-
neous impression that the
foreign ministers conference
at Geneva on May II Is to be
merely Q perfunctory meeting
to arrange the agenda for the
summit conference In July or
August. but the United States
doesn't see It that way. I'm
less there Is some real prog
ress made at Geneva In
May. 1t is Just conceivable
that there win be no summit
conference.
This means that something
substantial has to be agreed
on at the first meeting. This
is important because. even If
a stenographer from the Rus
sian foreign ONCE had been
present to take down every
thing said ct the Camp David
conferences. there still would
remain the big unanswered
question of the age: win
Soviet Russia keep any writ
ten agreement she makes,
and can her government be
trusted?
There wouldn't be any need
Of a summit conference or
any other kind of meeting at
high level II there were
mutual trust between Moscow
and Washington comparable
to the mutual trust that pre-
walls between London and
Washington.
1t seems q hard point TO
get over to the Russians, but,
if they ever made q substan-
tial concession and showed
evidence Of keeping faith. it
would do more to forward the
cause Of peace in Europe and
elsewhere than all the public
ity Of q summit conference
could ever accomplish.
The question of reduction
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25

a world thrilled with hope for
a summit-made peace land
maybe altogether too thrilled,
If it comes to that. for US
alone to turn back and say
no when the time comes.
Nobody Is going to read the
fine print of our reservations,
no matter what we may say
and hope from time to time.
Thus. whether we should or
should not have got into this
position Is now water over the
dam. Realists will now prefer
to look not at where we might
have been but where we
actually are. These. then.
are the essential facts:
/. The policy Of "rigidity"
toward. the Soviet Union so
long attributed to the ailing
Secretary of State John Fos-
ter Dulles is gone forever.
For Just as in actually we
simply must go to the sum-
init, we also must be pre-
pared to negotiate when we
get there. And to negotiate
means at least to contem-
plate giving UP something Of
known value in exchange for
something Of possible value
from the Russian side.
2. The whole heart Of inter-
national negotiation has now
passed to this coming sum-
NIT meeting-and to others
that well may follow. The old
power center of the United
Nations, the Security Coun-
Gil, has now become almost
as obsolete as the League Of
Nations. The Security Coun-
Gil, the high committee Of
the big nations within the
U. N. was formed to handle
precisely the kind Of explosive
issues we are now passing
upward to the summit.
Only the most uncritical Of
U. N. lovers will deeply mourn
the unannounced demise Of
the Security Council. which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Hone for Peace Over Berlin

States. This Is a rejection Of
the often proposed convoy Of
tanks to break q possible
blockade Of Berlin. But If Ell
senhower had not said so. 1t
would have been completely
obvious to any qualified mill
tary observers. which the
Russians are, that while the
United States might be pre-
pared to fight limited action
against q nonnuclear power,
1t can only fight q nuclear
war against q power similarly
armed.
Thus, vis.a-vis the Soviet
Union, II there is to be war,
1t will be an about war. And
1t is believed that after all the
blood. sweat and tears with
which the Soviet Union has
arrived at hailing distance of
the United States economi-
cally, its leaders will not be
willing to sacrifice all its
gains in q fruitless war over
the future Of Berlin.
Right or wrong, this is the
take-off point for the United
States position.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Strategy Of Democratic presidential candidates If no.
body admits he's running lucky fellow will be able
to claim he won in walk.
Engineers develop a that drives itself It's called
The Eisenhower" in honor Of the man who perfected
similar system for running the Government.
It's rmored that Congress has segregated payros One
is marked: For Relatives Only"
New Hampshire Democrats back Kennedy for President
To paraphrase Gen. Sherman: nominated, he'll accept
II elected, they'll have to throw him out
Modern mans great dilemma these days is whether to
conquer outer space-or inner vacuum.
Defense Boss McElroy will quit this fall. Interservice
eudng got him. He couldn't take the of the Army
Navy game.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
DORIS FLEESON

President Eisenhower and
Prime Minister Macmillan
have ended their talks on a
common approach to Soviet
threats to Berlin. Both sides
hailed the results as success
full, but 1t is interesting to
note that there was an almost
immediate disagreement on
both sides as to what was
agreed to.
If France, West Germany
and our other NATO allies
now agree to the broad prin-
ciples arrived at in the dis
cussionS at Camp David and
the White House, there will
be an early reply to the notes
from the Kremlin. In essence,
the note will say that the
West is ready. to keep
talking.
In the interest of contin-
uing talks on the ground
that so long as we talk we
won't be fighting, the Pres
ident has withdrawn from
his position that there should
be no summit meeting unless
it's success had already been
prepared. 1t Is now proposed
that the foreign ministers Of
the interested parties will
meet on May IL. But 1t will
be the purpose of this meet
ing only to settle the ground
rules for a subsequent sum-
mer meeting at the summit.
The foreign ministers will not
decide matters of substance.
If the Soviet Union accepts
these proposals it will post
pone any showdown on its
ultimatum which originally
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25

tempting it may be, no West
Berliner will sneak in and de-
prive his East Berlin brother Of
his one and only chance to see
Ia nom Communist newsreel.
The America House has many
wonderful facilities for West
Berliners, too. There are work
shops. movies. exhibits. youth
programs. q bookmobile, an ex-
Icellent record library, 10 Eng
lish language classes. lectures
and panels. a 2l,O00-volume
library and one for youngsters
with 5000 books.
These facilities were used by
IS million people last year.
But nothing has the emotion.
al impact. the human drama
of the newspaper reading room
reserved for East Berliners
where the lame and elderly. men
and women. walk three miles
one way and three miles back
to read a free paper behind the
log cabin Of Abraham Lincoln.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25

British Prime Minister
Macmillan found President
Eisenhower far more balky
than he expected concerning
the range Of political and
military advancement"
proposals he suggested.
II was O foregone conclu-
sion--even before the Briton
arrived In Washington-that
Mr.. Eisenhower would attend
q summit meeting this sum-
mer. But our Chief Executive
insisted on reserving judg-
ment on freezing the forces
In Germany until Soviet
Premier Khrushchev gave at
least an indication Of under
standing the Western mean
ing Of the word "negotia-
ton" It has become obvious
in the four years since the
last summit meeting that in
the Kremlin vocabulary me
gotiating" means surrender
to Soviet demands.
What made President Eli
senhower and his American
team reluctant to 60 along
with all the optimistic and
wishful thinking Of Mr.. Mac
milan and Foreign Minister
Selwyn Lloyd was the reliable
reports received in Washing
ton OF the conversation be-
tween Khrushchev and Ger
many's opposition leader.
Eric Ollenhauer. and other
West German Socialists.
The Soviet Premier re-
portedly put his cards on the
table in discussions with the
West German Socialists on
his plans for the prospective
summit meeting. The ac-
counts received in Washing
ton are that he said bluntly
he intends to get the heads
of the Western powers to put
in one way or another
their stamp Of approval on
the East German Democratic
Republic. He apparently does
not expect direct recognition.
because of the attitude Of
Paris and Washington, but
he is fully convinced that the
West will accept control Of
the communications between
East and West by the puppet
government.
Mr.. Khrushchev, the re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
CONSTANTINE BROWN
The Eisenhower-MucmiIIun Talks

dominating the latter.
Chancellor Adenauer and
the majority Of his Chris
tian Socialists do not belong
to that school. Hence, fear
full that the United States
might succumb to the British
entreaties for appeasement.
he did everything In his
power to bring about q
thorough reconciliation be-
tween Germany and France.
The two countries with q
highly intelligent population
Of more than 100 million peo-
pie complement each other
and have the capability to
attract to that axis the other
free continental European
nations.
Gen. de Gaulle let 1t be
known shortly before the ar
rival Of the British team in
Washington that he was will
ing to discuss all questions
which are keeping Western
Europe on tenterhooks. This
should include also the ques-
ton Of Algeria, which the
French government regards
as the work of international
communism.
All these factors were well
communicated to Washing
ton. They were weighed by
analysts in the various re-
sponsible branches of the
government and a digest was
presented to President Eisen-
hover. The result was that
while the Chief Executive
committed himself to q sum-
NIT meeting provided the
foreign ministers conference
is not treated by the Rus
slams as a gathering Of
clerks) he was very reserved
concerning the other COM
mitments Mr.. Macmillan ex-
pected to obtain from us.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
DAVID LAWRENCE

Everybody Is happy, exter-
nally ct least. over the Mac
milan Eisenhower talks ~
, that Is. everybody but Mos
cow. For, unfortunately for
them, the Soviets haven't
been told Just what the Brit
= ish and American govern
ments viii agree to or what
formula they would accept
that could solve the Berlin
question or anything else.
Strange as 1t may seem to
, the Russians. the American
! and British officials do not
feel that 10 is incumbent
: upon them to furnish Moscow
with a transcript of what was
said at Camp David.
) So what has come out in
the open can be regarded
as just window-dressing for
everybody on the Western
side, though. with respect to
the Soviets. 1t becomes mere
~ a demonstration Of willing
ness to meet and negotiate.
The Official Soviet news
agency known as Tass naively
laments that the Russians
have not been let in on the
secret conferences. A United
Press International dispatch
from Moscow says the Soyiets
have told their press that,
while President Eisenhower
under "the pressure Of world
public opinion" did agret
tentatively to summit" talks,
he cold-shouldered Mr.. Mac
fnillan's plan for balancing"
military,forces in Europe. The
dispatch quotes Tass further
as saying:
"Official statements by
United States and British
representatives show that the
present talks have not led to
the adoption Of any definite
decisions In almost all the re-
naming questions"
But no negotiator worth his
salt would. in advance Of a
negotiation, shout from the
housetops through the press
of the world just what he is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Optimism Over Outcome of Crisis
Detected Before MocmiIIon's Visit

was set to explode on May
81, but which the Kremlin
leaders have been tending to
make more and more in
definite People who had been
planning to take to the hills
on May 26 may now stay
home.
Even before Prime Min
lister Macmillan arrived for
his talks with the President.
there had been a curious note
of optimism at the White
House about the outcome Of
the Berlin crisis. While mem
bers Of Congress and some
major military figures have
cried out for greater pre-
paredness, it has been notable
that almost no defensive
steps have been taken which
would have indicated acute
presidential concern over q
genuine crisis.
The President naturally has
sources Of information far
more extensive than those Of
any of his countrymen. Pos
sibly he has learned that the
Soviet Union has taken no
more steps toward open con-
fiict than the United States
has. Yet although the first
fierce words from Moscow
have been tempered, it is
obvious that the Eisenhower
calm in the face of the So
Wet Unions march to the
brink has been q spectacular
gamble.
The President has made 1t
clear by now that q limited
war over Berlin Is an i'm
possibility for the United
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Summit Seen Replacing U. N. Council,
And Macmillan Holding Vests Baton

The Western worlds diplo-
macy has entered Q new era.
full alike Of promise and of
danger. And in that diplo-
macy the British have re-
assumed the Western leader
ship which they lost to the
United States after the Sec
ond World War.
Prime Minister Harold
Macmillan has returned to
London. after q fateful tour
Of great capitals, carrying In
his briefcase the baton that
now leads the Western con-
cert.
To deny that !. it is the
British who now hold the In
itiative might make US as
Americans feel better--f we
wish to look at it all as a
competitive enterprise be-
tween Washington and Lon
don. But to deny it would
be to reject the plainest Of
obvious realities.
For the Eisenhower-Mac-
/, milan decision to meet the
Russians in the summer at a
; summit conference Is now
fixed and final in fact. 1t is
true that President Essen
hover has reserved the right
to refuse to 60 along with
such a conference after all,
II an intervening foreign
ministers meeting produces
, no justification in our eyes
for the big show.
But this is a technicality.
The British are bound and
determined to have the big
show, regardless of what
happens at the foreign min
listers talk In between. Mr..
Macmillan feels quite con-
fident that no foreign min
lister or anybody else but
Nikita Khrushchev can bind
the Russians to anything at
all anyhow. Thus he is alb
solutely resolved to meet the
boss man himself.
And 1t Is too late now, in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
WILLIAM S. WHITE
New Era for Western Diplomacy

has been paralyzed for years
by Soviet vetoes. But there
Is great peril to another in
Stitution which ought to be
allowed to stand in strength,
and indeed in ever-increasing
strength.
This is the North Allan
tic Treaty Organization, the
military alliance Of the free
West.
The 10th anniversary of
NATO. this great association
Of honorable powers. Is going
to be celebrated here on April
4. Its comparatively little
members. Belgium for one
and Italy for another, have
been faithful allies. For 10
years Italian governments in
particular have sturdily stood
with NATO. often under
savage pressure from a large
and bowling Italian Commu-
mist minority.
The italian foreign minis
ter, Giuseppe Pella - and
other representatives Of the
smaller powers in NATO-is
coming here in wistful hope
that the needs Of these small
but loyal allies are not al
together forgotten when the
big fellows foregather on the
summit. Those who want
NATO to go on will wish
these little fellows well.
Summit or no summit, we
cannot do without them,
and this it would be wise not
to forget in all the general
fanfare.
For the true shield Of the
West cannot be found on any
summit. The shield Of the
West is found in NATO's
military headquarters Just
outside Paris. Supreme Head
quarters Allied Powers in
Europe. Negotiate and nego-
tate. yes. But history has
not been kind to those who
have preached that there is
any final substitute for col
lective. repeat collective,
power In dealing with any
dictator, anywhere.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
East BerIiners Flock
To Read Free News

tors pass by a stack Of day-old
newspapers supplied free OF
charge by the West Berlin pub
fishers from newsstand returns
Of the day before. There are
lat least 1900 papers every
morning. but they disappear as
fast as hot rolls. Sometimes a
second shipment comes In later
in the afternoon to satisfy the
demand.
Regulations Deiied
1t is strictly forbidden by the
Communist regime to bring q
West Berlin newspaper into
East Berlin. But this does not
keep anyone who can lay his
hands on q paper from taking
a copy along for those who can
not come.
On the other side Of the cor
ridor. too. Is a big crowd.
Behind two large doors is q
beautiful movie theater where
every hour on the hour the lat
est newsreel opens q show oil
documentaries. Here, West Ber-
liners are admitted but only II
there are seats left; East Ber-
liners have priority.
ThrOng Disciplined
The moment the door closes
and the newsreel starts, a small
group forms a line outside for
the next performance which will
begin in an hour. BY the time
the doors open again the crowd
has grown. so large 1t fills the
lobby to the main entrance OF
the building.
1t is a very orderly, discip-
lined crowd and no matter how
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25

BERLIN. Mar. rs (NANA).--
The typical German hausfrau.
medium height. q little on the
dumpy side. her gray hair tied
In a severe bun, shuffled
around the full-sized reproduc-
ton of the Lincoln Cabin
which stands in the lobby Of
the America House here In
West Berlin.
Every once in q while the
elderly matron would touch the
rough logs with her reddish.
wrinkled hands. just as thou
sands Of East Berliners do
every month.
No one asked her why she
had come. because 1t is an
unwritten rule that you do not
talk to East Berlin visitors to
| the American House, this su-
per-modern structure Of glass
and aluminium.
After a few minutes she
walked out and disappeared
in the crowd, silent. solemn.
firm the way she had
marched in.
She did not come Just to
touch the log cabin. She came
to read q non-Communist
newspaper in the reading room
behind the cabin reserved ex-
clusively for people who live
in the communist sector Of
Berlin.
Chairs Immediately Taken
From the time the door
opens in the morning until 1t
closes at night, none Of the 80
chairs in the room Is vacant for
more than a minute. AS soon as
one person gets UP another one
makes a beeline for it from the
corridor. sits down. grabs a
newspaper and simply drinks
in" the uncensored news. line
by line. column by column. page
by page.
They come, regardless Of the
weather, slowly and thoughtful.
many limping or supported by
a cane.
A few months ago there was
q public transportation strike
in the city. and even though
the nearest point Of the Com
munist sector Is more than
three miles away, they came
Just the same. Even then few
seats remained vacant.
Before going home the visi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-25
Concluding Lecture
On Courtship Friduy

The concluding lecture in
the George Washington Uni
versity B'nai Birth Hillel
Foundation series on courtship
and marriage will be given at
1880 pm. Friday at the foun-
dalton. 2129 + street NV.
Rabbi Aaron B. Seidman,
director of the foundation. will
discuss "The Responsibility Of
Marriage and Family Life: A
Jewish View"
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-05-26

ship, discipline, character and the competi-
tive team spirit, the Little League baseball
is being called finest participation program
on earth for youngsters =
It's no wonder that the professionals are
losing their touch. Any youngster we know
had much rather smack the ball himself
than see some pro in action on the tele-
vision. We think it is a healthy turn Of
events to give the boys chance to work off
their steam in actual game conditions, rath-
er than growing bleary eyed in front of a
tn set.
We've heard it said also that anytime the
Yankees are in the cellar, something drastic
has happened. Its a sad day when knuck-
leball tosser blanks the Yanks. like Hoyt
Wilhelm did Friday against the once mighty
Yankee batsmen Brother that's nothing but
child'S play. If you want to see some real
ball playing. Just keep your eyes on the
Little Boys Baseball League. W.B.W