davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-12-20
CHEMICAL
INDUSTRIES

Two fields have gained the
attention Of the Institute be-
couse Of their greet importance
10 the national economy: the
production Of fuels and Iubri-
conts and thot Of fertilizers.
As to the first field, the pro-
duction Of fuels ond Iubriconts
hos been obtoined by the hydro
3enotion Of bituminous sIote by
the "ColVo Sotelo" Enterprise.
To this concern hos been os-
signed the "pIon for the no.
tionol production OF liquid fuels
ond Lubricants. The second
phose Of the endeovor hos been
the refining OF crude petroleum
in Spoin so os TO use the BY
products ond deriVotives. This
proerom presupposes loroe re-
serves Of foreign currency.
The products obtoined BY
these two Enterprises belonging
to the Institute hove satisfied
800 Of the demond for petro-
leum products ond by-products
ond will soon supply practically
oil OF the notionol demand.
As TO the production OF nj
Evening star., 1959-12-20
FOODSTUFFS
ENTERPRISES

In intimate relation to the
sources Of supply, ond os port
Of O future national chain, have
been established three enter
prises with huge freezing and
packing plants. They ore
found in GoIicio, Extremoduro
and in the port Of Codiz; the
first two importont cottIe oreos
and the lost dealing mainly with
fisheries. In these three pIonts
the production is processed and
distributed; in turn helping to
regulate the flow going TO the
consumers.
OF equal importance will be
the National Enterprise for the
IndustrioIizotion of Agricultural
Waste Products, one Of its oims
being the manufacture Of yeost.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
Institute NocionoI
de industrial

nonciol groups operote in So
cietes Of O similor noture: con-
trolling b, reason Of its porti-
cipotion oil more thon holt, or
less thon holf Of the copitol of
Societies.
The Institute is responsible TO
the Executive Branch of the
Stote, and the Iotter coordin-
otes its octions with those of the
other Ministerial Departments.
This is so even though the In
stitute hos on autonomous and
iuridicioI personality Of its own.
The ruling body is made up
Of the President and the admin
istrotive Council, the Iotter how
ing on Executive Commission.
The sold Council is mode up
Of representatives. from those
Ministerial Departments which
have direct relation TO the
industrial octivities OF the In
stitute: the Ministers OF Indus
try, Commerce, Agriculture,
Evening star., 1959-12-20
FOREIGN
PARTICIPATION

To complete the duties il he's
token upon itself, the Institute
on mony occasions hos requested
foreign participation and exper-
ienee.
Not very long ago on osree-
ment Of mutueI eolloborotion
woS signed between. the Ley
lond Co. Of England and the
EmpreSo NoeioneI de Auto
eamiones," manufacturers Of
the "Pesoso" vehicles. Among
the most importont foreign firms
thst ere or have eoIloboroted
with the Institute ore the Amer
icon "C0Itex Co.," with the
Eseombreros Refinery; the
Swedish S.k.F. and the "Em-
presa NeeionoI de Rodomin-
tos"; the Amerieon "Stondord"
is connected with the Spo nish
Moreoni; the "Fiot" OF ltoIy
with the SEAL" etc.
II is eIeor thet the possibiI-
tiles offorded to foreign eopitoI
ore extremely ottroetive; and
il octive participation with the
Enterprises OF the Institute wos
possible in the post, foreign por-
tieipotion will now be more fo-
Vored by the new government
rulings on the subject and its
decision TO allow foreign firms
to own more thon 500 Of
Sponish concerns in specific
eoses. The new law LEY de
Hidroeorburos" opens the road
to foreign firms TO investigate
and exploit oil deposits. At the
present time the NIL. u.N.I.l
is studying the agreements Of
participation with foreign enter
prises in zones reserved in Spain
and Sponish Sohoro for the
purpose Of oil deposits exploit
totionS.
Even though the estobIish-
ment of the Enterprises coused
greet hardships because OF the
large amounts Of foreign re-
serves used, it is good TO point
out that the investment will
lorsely pay for itself os O result
OF the great savings thot will
be obtained. ExompIes Of this
ore the products Of the Oil Re-
finery Of Eseombreros, Of the
"Fobrieoeion EsponoIo de FL
bros Textiles ArtifieioIes" (or-
tifieiol textiIes) Of the "coIvo
Sotelo" Enterprises and OF the
"Empresos NoeionoIes de Auto
eomiones y Rodomientos"
(outomotiVe) which hove yield
ed tenfoId the omount Of for
eisn reserves spent.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

Public Works, Treasury, ond the
three militory ones tArmy, Air
Force and NoVyl plus q direct
representation from the High
Joint Chiefs Of Stoff.
The Council, with its Presi-
dent, is the supreme ruling body
Of the industrial policy Of the
Institute. Its complex technical
and administrative machinery,
independent Of its Enterprises,
is only on auxiliary instrument
thot the Council uses 10 CORY
on its functions more efficiently.
The administrative ond tech
nicol chorocteristics ore COM
pIeteIy different; the first is
mode up OF those bodies OF O
functional and bureaucratic no.
ture, and the second hos O tech
nicoI odvisoY or executive mis-
sion, Although different, both
o. them work together 10 CORY
on more efficiently the plans
thot the Council approves and
puts into oction.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
AIR
TRANSPORTATION
AND OTHER
SERVICES

Side by side with industrial
production the Institute renders
importont services in the field
OF Dir transportation. This is
done through the LIBERIA"
Airwoys enterprises-so we'll
known the world over-ond
"AVIACo", both Of which keep
Spoin in touch with the world
and provide transportation be-
tween the local provinces.
Toursm also toIIs within the
activities Of the Institute
through onother OF its enter
prises. The "Comision 0estoro
de Iurismo" gives information
TO troVeIers Of the pieces Of
main historical and estheticoI
value. 1t oIso organizes tours
for the enjoyment OF tnerr stoy.
The Institute olso administers
the "HostoI de los Reyes Coto-
Iicos" in Sontioeo de Compos-
telo, one Of the europeon hotels
OF highest quoIity and good
toste.
FinoIIy, onother Of the Enter
prises in which the Institute
participates ore those in choree
Of international and local teIe-
phone, telegraph, rodio ond
cobIe communications.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

so much criticized in the begin
ming os overly ombitious-hos
tried to establish its Enterprises
on the some levels os those Of
Europe os TO size, monufoctur-
ing methods, productivity ond
international prices, so thot OF
leost $3.50 OF The Enterprises
con odopt themselves without
much effort TO O common Euro
peon economy.
Under the some heading
should be considered the inter-
est shown by the institute in
tomentine O series Of industrial
octiVities focused towards the
development Of oqricuIture-
the monufocture OF fertilizers,
agricultural machinery, troctors,
nets Of freezer and storooe
centers, foodstuffs industries.
e'S'' WHICH VIII play on i'm
portont role in the new eco
nomic order.
All that hos been sold before
is but O slight ottempt TO re-
fleet oil thot the NIL. N.N.D
means and will mean to the
Spanish economy. It remains TO
be sold thot the efforts and mi
tiotive Of the Institute hove in
fIunced the rest Of the national
industry into nodernizina and
improving the existent tech
noIoeY equipment and pIon-
nir~
we con then truly soy thot
the NotionoI Institute OF In
dustry is playing the principal
role in the industroizotion Of
Spain and is the oxls Of the
some.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

industries ond Of the national
economy. To do this it pro-
posed the establishment OF O
steel plant with production
copocity Of up TO 100000
tons Of steel.
At first, when the plan to
establish this greet plant wos
discussed by the government,
private interests refused TO join
in the endeovor. They argued
that the greet spenditure needed
wos not justified by the growth
Of industry in the country ond
its consumption OF steel. The
inltiol production Of this plant
wos estimoted OF 100000 tons.
Privote copitol olso oroued
thot the new plant would stifle
the expansion ond modernizo-
tion OF privote steel industries
in the future. Foced with the
refusoI Of privote industry to
participate in the ambitious
project, the NIL. N.N.l.D went
Ioheod with its plans TO give the
necessary strength 10 the devel-
opment Of Sponish industry. The
best answer TO the doubts
roised and objections mode to
the project may be seen only
two yeors otter the National
Siderurey Enterprise, with its
Aviles' PIont, wos launched: not
only hos the original copocity
been supposed by 1000, 900
tons but it hos olso brought os
O result on increase in privote
steel production, the laying out
of expansion pIons by privote
copitoI, ond the building Of new
steel mills.
The Institute hos recently Of
fered the National Treasury on
opportunity TO subscribe the
800 milliop pesetos in shores
Of the National Siderurey En-
terprise and the issue Of these
shores hos been we'll subscribed
TO by investors. Recently O new
issue of 1000 million pesetos
wos announced.
Another objective OF the In
stitute in its metollurey endeoV-
ors hos been 10 obtain oluminum
in large enough quantities in
Spoin. The production of olum-
mum in Spoin, thonks to the
efforts Of the National AIumi-
mum Enterprises, in which the
Institute Joined private copitol,
and other totally privote enter
prises thot have been stimulated
by this proerom, hos grown from
almost nothing to significant
proportions. In its plants OF
VolIodolid and Aviles, the No
tionol aluminium Enterprise
reached q totoI production of
!, 300 tons, equivalent to 1923
OF the totoI national production.
There ore pIons TO include pri-
Vote copitol in this endeovor so
os to reach q production of
100000 tons,
Evening star., 1959-12-20

troeenous fertiIizers-for which
Sponish soil is in dire need-the
Enterprises established by the
Institute ore oIreody supplying
Fl % Of the notionoI production.
This year hos seen the estob-
lishment Of two foctories Of the
"CoIvo SoteIo" National Enter
prise for the production of nitro
genous fertilizers in the indus
triol centers Of PuertoIono and
Puentes de Gorcio Rodriguez,
both Of which will contribute
100000 tons Of fertilizer to the
Plan Of the NIL. U.N.D, which
provides for 900, 900 tons within
a yeors.
The importonce thot has been
given to the production of ceIIu-
lose and ortificiol textile fibers
within the chemical industry
should not be forgotten. The
Institute, and the FEFASA En-
terprise, the largest producer in
the world Of celIuIose from grain
woste, have plans to establish
three additional plants for the
production Of ceIIuIose in differ
ent regions Of Spoin, according
to the possibilities offered by
the row materials.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
MINING

There ore mony Enterprises
which concern themselves with
mining, not only in the inVes-
tiootion phose but also with that
Of labor and production.
An outstanding exomple Of
the first is the Notionol Enter
prise "Adoro" which hos been
doing extremely VitoI work in
the IocoIizotion ond investioo-
ton Of ore deposits, os is oIso
true OF the "VoIdebro" Com
mission for Petroleum lnves-
tiootions. This Institutes en-
terprises have been collaborating
Evening star., 1959-12-20
THE ORGANIC
STRUCTURE OF NIL.

In the complex organism
which constitutes the Institute
il is Necessary TO distinguish
clearly between two aspects: one
is the Institute itself as O pIon-
ming, executive, technical and
administrative body; and the
other phose, the Enterprises
which ore, so to speok, the
working orms of its industrial
poIlcies-the sold Enterprises
being constituted os Anonymous
Societies, with full legal per-
sonolity, independent from the
Institute itself. The Institute
operotes inside them in the
some monner thot privote fl
Evening star., 1959-12-20
THE TEXTILE
INDUSTRY

Rounding up the octivities Of
the Institute in the Textile In
dustY will be on enterprise Of
recent erection to be established
in the Province Of MoIooo by
the middle Of 1860, which will
produce cotton and viscose tex
tiles.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

chont Marine with up-to-dote
ships and equipment. II is good
TO point out thot the Institutes
Enterprises have supplied 57oo
Of the total Tonnage built since
l948.
EquoI ottention hos been
given TO the construction Of
modern oircroft, both civilion
and militoY. Outstanding em-
ompIes ore the "Azor," O pos
seneer ond coreo pIone, ond
tht "Soeto," O turbo- prop.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
The Institute and the Role Of Spain
In the New Economic Order in Europe

The National Institute Of In
dustry is reaching, without ony
doubt, O stoee Of moturity
which places it in an excellent
position in the new economic
order in Europe and will permit
it in the future to embroce more
ambitious pIons.
This moturity hos been recoe-
nized by the Government, and
it has given permission TO the
Institute to finance its own
transactions allowing it TO freely
participate in the world market
Of copitoI. As it hos oIreody
been done with the National
Siderurey Enterprise and many
others.
BY means Of this porticipo-
tion in the world markets the
Institute will be able TO finance
its Second Twenty-Yeor PIon.
This second Plan will give spe-
cioI interest, according to recent
declarations mode by its Presi-
dent, to the steel industry, the
oil industry and the production
Of nucIeor energy.
This moturity becomes more
significant with the entrance Of
Spoin into the O.E.C.E. and the
recent development Of economic
units broader than those divided
by national boundaries. With
the possibility thot Spoin will
enter economic groups like the
Organization Of Europeon Eco
nomic Cooperation (O.E.C.E.l
or the Common Morket, only
concerns OF odequote propor-
tions will survive. II is under
this aspect thot the Institute
Evening star., 1959-12-20
IRON and GENERAL
METALLURGY

The steel production in Spoin
during the year l95l-52 wos O
mere 80 kes. per inhobitont and
in 1858, the best yeor so for,
only 81 kes. per person were
produced, on amount thot in no
woy compores TO with thot of
the rest of the countries in the
West. The main worry of the
Institute wos TO solve this prob
lem Of Vitol importance to the
development of the remoinino
Evening star., 1959-12-20
AUTOMOTIVE
INDUSTRY

No less irportont is the de-
mond thot hos orisen in Spain
for both automobiles and trucks.
This demand is O result Of O
higher standard Of living ond O
more octiVe industry in need OF
Evening star., 1959-12-20

better and more efficient trons-
portotion. For this reason the
Institute, through two Of its
Enterprises, hos tried to sotisfy
os much Of the demand os re-
sources and row moteriols allow.
Thanks TO its eforts more than
$4,000 units Of the "SEAT"
automobile ore in use in Spoin
todoy.
Moreover, another of the In
stitutes' enterprises has oIreody
delivered more thon 5000
"PEGASO" trucks and is already
setting up mass production of
different types Of troctors.
The Enterprises of the NIL.
0.N.lO account for 1875 Of
the passenger cors built in
Spoin and 26oo Of the trucks.
The "Peeoso" sports cor ond
the "Peeoso" luxury sedan ore
world famous and have received
high proise for their excellence.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
OTHER INDUSTRIES

The industries mentioned be-
fore ore not the only ones the
Institute is concerned with. II
is oIso very octiVe through the
numerous subsidiary ond me-
ehonicol industries in the pro-
Evening star., 1959-12-20

side by side with United Stotes
copitoI on O "fifty-fifN" bosis.
On the second phose Of the
subject should be mentioned the
NotionoI Enterprise "CoIvo So
teIo" which is the biggest pro-
ducer of Ignite in Spoin with
production Of 538, 724 tons,
20.39o Of the national produc-
ton lost yeor. This, in turn,
hos helped the Ieod, bouxite and
other mining endeoVors.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

welI-deVeIoped countries, and is
making special efforts to cotch
up in its industrioIizotion, which
is precisely the cose in Spoin.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
NAVAL AND
AIRCRAFT
CONSTRUCTION

Novol constructions ore
omono the activities OF oreoter
importance to supply both the
Spanish Navy and the Mer-
Evening star., 1959-12-20

duction Of opticoI end precision
instruments, agricultural mo-
chinery, rodio and electrical
products, teleVision sets, heavy
machinery, construction mo-
chinery, tools, motors, boII-
behring's ond others.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-05-21
Bob Bernstein

lens which we feel will be helped by the spe.
cialiZed methodology. You understand, hope"
here Mrs. Brown leaned forward and her
tone became confidential that we have
proved we can alter the pattern of under.
achievement through environmental condition.
Ing and curriculum enrichment within a sub.
ject Institutional group
The Joneses blinked, nodded, thanked
Mrs. Brown, and departed
Admittedly, this scene is a farcical exag.
geration. Nevertheless, it is fact that "edu.
cationalese" - the language of the insiders -
often slows down communication more than
it helps.
Consider, for example, recent report in
which researcher attempted to divide a
group OF handicapped children into those
with brain injuries and those with emotional
problems. Part of the conclusion follows:
For purposes of this particular project,
IL appears to be a more realistic and flexible
frame OF reference to avoid this particular
ciassiflcatory device and consider instead the
possibility that the etiOlOgy of this cOnfigura-
uon OF learning problems and behavior re-
Spouse pattern may not necessarily be assO-
cia'ed with central nervous injury nor pathOI.
ogy Of personality dynamics"
What the researcher meant, we think is
that the kids troubles were not necessarily
que either to brain damage or to emotional
illness.
Maybe the children merely read too many
research reports.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-05-21
4 Aides VaIiantly
Fight Red Menace
Viewpoints

The State Of Maryland and Baltimore City
spend little better than $4,000 year to
fight communists and two rubles will get
you 100 kopeikas that you can stir up nice,
lively discussion at your next party by ask
ing whether that's enough or too much.
1t seemed like grand idea just 10 years
ago. or at least the General Assembly seemed
to think so, when the State of Maryland in
the pre-McCarthy era embraced law de-
signed to fight the communist menace.
A new assistant attorney generals job
was created, at $7100 year, to cope with SUBJ
versive activity in the Free State. And to
start him off right, the City of Baltimore gave
him four ace sleuths to work fulltime at
running down communists and prosecuting
them.
BY 1854 nary a one had been prosecuted,
although the late junior senator from Wis
consin by that time was in all of his full
blown glory. The first Red hunter was one
0. Bowie Duckett who began the process of
accommodating secret files on people. Just
after he was replaced in 1858, Duckett got
himself a few headlines by reporting that
there were more than 600 persons in the State
suspected of being Communists or Red SYM
pathizers. He also said his office had investi-
gated some 25 organizations suspected of Com
munist or Communist front activity.
In December, 1852, Marvin H. Smith be-
came Red hunter No. 2 and the following May
assigned an operative to take down license
numbers at a rally staged by the highly re-
spected United World Federalists. This was
variously labeled "schoolboyish" and "high-
handed nonsense" 1t brought from the then
Gov. Theodore R. McKeldin prompt - and
deserved = apology.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-05-21
Has a New Tawes
Begun to Emerge?
An Opinion

There are several reasons why we believe
Governor ]. Willard Tawes preferred Ralph
G. Shure as the new 9th Circuit Court Judge.
But the chief one, it seems to US, is due to
the Governors new desire to show people
of Montgomery County he is not a little
politician sitting in Government House in An
napolis. Rather, he wants to prove he can
rise above his old political training and an.
point a man recommended by the powerful
County and State Bar Associations instead of
political figure who helped him SO materially
in the early stages of his campaign for the
highest Maryland post.
Governor Tawes and his close advisors
in the county thought this was the best ap-
proach, especially in light of the bad pub
licity and sore political feelings left from
the Governors apparent spite" punishment
of Blair Lee, III, at the close of the legisla.
ture. ..
1t is difficult for anyone to believe the
Governor was not solely responsible for kick
ing Delegate Lee off the Legislative Council
(the important group of Legislators that
operates between sessions) after both the
Speaker and the Majority Leader of the House
of Delegates had assured Lee he was to be
a member. Furthermore, Blair Lee was a
logical choice, since his leadership has been
unquestioned, except by a couple Of Gov
ernor Tawes' State House cronies.
1t is fairly certain that Governor Tawes
would have liked Joe Matthias for the Job
without moments hesitation had Joe been
able to win the Endorsement Of the County
Bar Association And although he received
unanimous backing Of the Democratic State
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-05-21
Wick Byron

Central Committee, this did not HELM because
II did not fit in the pattern of the new Tawes'
political formula.
1t did, however, offer an opportunity TO
the Governor to decide on Shure who was
recommended by both the County and State
Bar Associations. Then it could be said with
ring Of sincerity that the Chief of State
mas ignored the opportunity to pay a heavy
political debt and has, instead, appointed a
more-orless non-politcal indorsed candidate
OF the Bar Associations.
1t is also true that Ralph Shure had a
powerful personal friend who NAV or may
not have put in good strong word for him.
The friend showed his great power during
the last election.
The Tawes' decision will create fodder
Tor speculation for months to come Many
nave reasons to believe that a stage was set
with all OF the necessary political furniture.
IL is something that can't be proven, but 1t
is difficult TO believe that the Democratic
State Central Committee would have put IL
self way out on limb without a real good
purpose.
AS far as Joe Matthias is concerned. we
oeheVe he will be made a Judge of the Tax
appeals Court. And it is also believed that
ne VIII be a strong candidate for the Judge.
ship In the fall of 1860. Furthermore he
WIN probably get potent political backing from
leading Democrats One can't help admiring
guy who has been bounced around so much
ana TOOK 1t so gracefully as a reward for his
loyal and excellent ground work for Tawes
wnen there weren't too many around doing
the same thing.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1959-05-21
County Comment
County Comment
One Must Be Hep
To the Lingo -.

The nervous father rubbed his damp
palms together, shot quick glance at his
equally skittish wife, and addressed himself
to the prim, erect woman across the desk.
Mrs. Brown as supervisor we hoped
you could tell us what Johnnys problem is
and how we might help at home" he said
The prim woman frowned in concentra.
ton, paused, and then replied: ut is con.
ceivable that environmental manipulation
might produce a beneficial effect on Johns
behavioral responses. Much of the problem
stems from over-stimulation, which, of course,
is NEVER good in cases where there is diff.
Guilty in analyZing and synthesizing perceptuaI
experiences"
Mrs. Brown peered shyly over the silver
rims of her spectacles, as though half in
apology for stressing such basic and obvious
truth.
MIR. Jones tried again: "Well, does he get
along with the other kids in the class?"
Il have noticed that his tendency to per.
serverate sometimes arouses emotional ankle
ties among others of his peer group. And it
is possible that this behavioral deviation re.
suits from deficit in ego strength. From an
observational level, his relationships do not
appear to be as meaningful and intimate as
they might"
Mrs. Jones (who is against intimate reIa.
tonships in the first grade, anyway decide
to change the subject; "How about his
grades?"
John has some unresolved learning prob