davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
National War College
Scene OF Reception

Commandant of the Ma
tional War College and Mrs.
Thomas L. Harold were
hosts at the annual Com
mandant's reception yester-
day at Fort Lesley J. Nc
Nair.
The party is held annually
to greet new members of the
student body and their wives.
Receiving with 1t. Gen.
and Mrs. Harold were Maj.
Gen. and Mrs. Jared v.
Crabb, Deputy Commandant
of the National War College
and Mrs. Selden Chaplin, Col.
and Mrs. James w. Twad-
dell, jr., and Navy Capt. and
Mrs. Alton E. Parker.
Included among the dis
tinguished guests introduced
to members of the new class
were Gen. George H. Decker,
Army Deputy Chief of Staff,
and Mrs. Decker, and Oepu-
ty Ondersecretary of State
and Mrs. 10y Henderson.
Former Commandments and
their wives at the party were
Admiral and Mrs. Harry w.
Hill and 1t. Gen. and Mrs.
Harold R. Bull
SO
Another service event last
night was the Marine Corps
parade and reception at 9
p. m. at Marine Barracks
which honored Sgt. Maj. Will
bur Bestwick, who is being
ordered to a new post.
Sgt. Mai. Bestwick and the
Marine Corps Commandant,
Gen. Randolph Mccall Pate
reviewed the parade to-
gether.
Following parade cere-
monies, a private reception
was held in the band hall
to honor Sgt. Maj. Bestwick
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29

and his successor, Sgt. Maj.
Francis Rauber.
\ 4 y
Parties to come in Septeri-
Der are keyed to the country
of Brazil.
The Brazilian embassy here
is organizing a series of cul-
tural events to commemorate
the 18th anniversary of the
independence of Brazil start
ing on September 7.
On the opening day Am.
baSsador Moriera SALES will
give a reception for Brazilian
residents.
The following day there
will be the opening of the
exhibition of modern BRAZIL
ian paintings and engravings
at the Arts Club.
1t Will include over so as.
sembled from paintings loan:
ed from museums throughout
the country as well as from
private collectors. -
The 9th will also mark the
official release of the book
Doorway to Brasilia", by
Eugene Feldman and Aloisio
de Magazines. That evening
American writer John Dos
Passes will lecture on THE
Coming Of Age of Brazil.
A color film on several
cities in Brazil will be shown
on the 9th and the next day
there will be a piano concert
by Brazilian artist Julio
Braga, who also played in
Carnegie Hall.
Ending Brazil Week on the
18th will be a panel on
Economic Development: a
vital necessity for Brazil" to
be held at the Hall of Ma
tions at Georgetown Univer-
sity. =
Sponsoring the week are
Ambassador Moreira SALES
and Minister Haddock-Lobo,
representative ad interim to
the GAS council. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
BY Peter Loino y

looked like a nice game, he
might try it. To her astonish-
ment, he belted the ball a
hundred and sixty yards.
John, I might have
known it, she remarked. You
do things better and more
easily than anyone else"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
UNCLE CHARLIE
WORDS, WIT
AND WISDOM
KERRY DRAKE
Buzz SAWYER
JULIET JONES
Pogo
BY WILLIAM MORRIS

Today's word game is de-
signed to test your ability to
recognize words similar to
one another in meaning.
Below, you will find two
groups Of ten words each,
The first group is numbered
l. 2. 3, etc. The second group
is lettered A, B. C. etc.
For each word in the first
group you will find a word of
almost the same meaning
"a synonym in the second
group. Thus the word numb
cred l may mean practically
the same as the word lettered
F. Write this down as IF
When you have all the ans
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
FAMOUS FABLES
BY E. E. EDGAR

Secret: After retiring from
business at the turn of the
century, the eld& John D.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
Water Quality Topic

Keith S. Krause of the divi-
sion of water supply and pol
luton control of the Public
Health Service, will discuss
Water Quality and Resource
Planning" at a 1915 pm.
luncheon meeting of the Wash
ington Sanitation Conference
Tuesday at the Napoli Restau-
rant. 91s Sheridan street NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
Nursery School
Has Openings

A few openings still re-
main at the Beth Ell Syna-
gogue nursery school. This
professionally stated school
meets on weekday mornings
in the spacious classroomS Of
the Synagogue on Old
Georgetown Road in Beth
esda.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
Mrs. P0dmore
Returns Here

Mrs. George Padnore. wife
of the Liberian Ambassador,
returned Saturday from a
two-month visit in Liberia.
During her stay, Mrs. Pad
more lived at the home Of
her parents. Mr.. and Mrs.
Richard Wiles in Monrovia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
CONVENTIONS
TODAY

Alpha Delta Gamma fra
ternity continues its Shore
ham Hotel convention.
Ending a three-day meet
ing, the National Scholas-
tic Press Association holds
final sessions in the May
flower Hotel.
This information supplied by
the Washington Convention and
Visitors Bureau.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-29
WORD GAME
Find 80 or more words in
SACCHARILLA

meaning "a kind of muslin. I"
Average is SO; time limit, 35
minutes.
Rules of the game. Words must
be of four or more letters. =. Words
which acquire four letters by the addi-
not used 8. Only one form Of a word
is used 4. Proper names are not used
Answer to NITROFORM
norm, inform. into. iron, torn. trim.
trio. rift. riot, room root rotor. roof
omit, onto. firm, form. fort, foot. font
from, frit, front. mint, minor. moor
moon, moot, moron, monitor. motion.
motor, morn, mont.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
1859 Turning Point in European Recovery

ance on the European scene.
Such firms as American Cyan
amid, E. I. Dupont, Caltex,
Merck, Sharp & Dohme and
Chrysler have recently greatly
expanded their European OPP
erationS. Familiar names top
scores of new factories from
Hamburg to Naples. Johnson's
Wax and Tide are as much
household words in WasSenaar
as they are in Washington.
From the viewpoint Of the
United States, the Common
Market represents an achieve
ment of long years of patient
effort and real sacrifice.
From the viewpoint OF the
free world, the promise OF q
prosperous, politically stable
area of increasing economic
Importance is a major element
in the strength of the free
world.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
Outer Seven, Inner Six Share Goals

The expectation in Washing
ton now Is that the Inner Six
and Outer Seven will eventually
work out some cooperative ar
rangement whose effect will be
to make it increasingly difficult
for American exports to pene-
trate Western Europe.
Mr.. Dillon went to Europe
hopeful of finding some means
of heading off this anticipated
result. He found sympathy but
little encouragement. with the
two European blocs at odds over
what could or should be dong
to help the United States ous
of its dilemma.
The new wave Of protection1
ist sentiment in this country
complicateS the political prob
lem of negotiating tariff-reduc-
ton agreements with members
of the Outer Seven or the
Inner Six. The alternative
method of building business in
Europe through construction of
overseas plants by American
firms works we'll for the big
corporations but tends to shut
out the small businessman.
American exports were at an
annual rate of $15.5 billion in
the first quarter of this year,
compared with $16.3 billion in
1858 and the high of $19.5
billion in 1857. Imports reached
an annual rate of $15.5 billion
by the second quarter of this
year. The current expectation
is that the United States will
have an export surplus of less
than 81 billion this year in
merchandise trade.
The warning is clear: To
maintain a balance of trade in
the face of European compe-
tition American businessmen
must exert every effort to hold
down costs and meet the prices
Of overseas firms.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

Even more important, the
response of the American
businessman has been the very
practical one Of jumping in
with both feet as an original
investor in the economic fu-
ture Of the Six-nation group.
According to the latest avail
able figures, American invest
ment in the area increased
$50 per cent between 1850 and
1857 and it is certain that this
rate has increased in the last
few months.
Other Reasons
Apart from hedging the
competition and sharing the
benefits Of the Common Market
scheme, there are other reasons
for the rising food Of Ameri-
can investment in Western
Europe. Increased economic
Evening star., 1959-12-20

and political stability and gov
ernmental measure to attract
foreign investment are part OF
the story. But perhaps the
most telling factors are the
relatively high profits from for
eign industrial enterprises and
the low-cost, highly skilled
labor available in many areas
Many American companies
which have never shown ar
interest in foreign operations
in the past are now thoroughly
awakened to the fact that ir
q slow year at home, foreign
sales can make the difference
between profit and loss.
Today, along with such old
timers as Ford, General Motors
Singer, IBM, Internationa,
Harvester, Remington Rand
and Standard Oil, a whole raSf
Of top American companie:
have made a large scale appear
Evening star., 1959-12-20
BY CROSBY S. MOVES

European Correspondent Of The Star
PARIS.-Something like a
new gold-rush is under way in
Western Europe.
The modern '49ers have little
enough in common with the
lprospectors Of an earlier age,
Their names crowd the first
class passenger lists Of the in
coming luxury liners. Their
prairie wagons we're made in
Detroit. The claims they stake
are in the shape of sleek new
factories dotting the Old World
countryside.
And yet the force behind the
new influx Of American busi-
neSsmen is the same old faith
in the golden opportunity. And
on the broadening horizons Of
Western Europe, their coming
marks a decisive turning-point
in the economic life of a
continent.
1t is hard to say exactly
when the turning point was
reached. Buried beneath dry
layers Of statistics, economic
milestones have a way of pass
ing unnoticed by the unframed
eye. But though no startling
changes mark the dawn of the
new era, it seems likely that
1859 will go down as the year
that Europe's postwar economic
Reconstruction finally reached
the payoff point.
Quietly, the shift has taken
place which will ultimately
change the economic relation
ship between Europe and the
United States and have a pro-
found effect on the politics OF
the Western World.
The emergence of Europe as
a land of business opportunity
is one early sign of this new
status. After a period of total
liability when millions of Amer
Iican dollars were spent yearly
to rebuild Europe's war-shat-
tered economy it marks the
beginning of a return to nor.
NAL commercial exchanges
But apart from being "in busi.
ness" for itself once again
Europe today is also taking the
first steps toward economic
unification which have enor.
nous implications fof the
future.
1t is above all this movement
toward unification which il
responsible for the suddenl!
increased interest of American
businessmen in Europe. Tht
coming into force last Januar,
of the six-nation European
Economic Community seems tt
have fired the imagination o
American investors as few
events in modern economi'
history.
Single Market Goal
The long range prospect O
a single, unified market Of 16
million people includes tn
promise of an economic expan
Evening star., 1959-12-20

Jens Otto Krag. Danish Minister Of Foreign
Affairs, explains Denmarks proposed role in
the "Outer Seven" European Free Trade Asso-
citation, and how the Danish economy has grad
ually changed from one typically agricultural
to a more balanced emphasis on industrial
production.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

sion Of major proportions. The
rush Of business to France,
Germany, Italy and the Bene-
lux countries is an effort to get
in on the ground floor of the
Common Market, not only to
share its benefits, but also to
soften the effects Of the COM
petition which will confront the
American economy in the long
run.
The seeds of this movement
were planted back in the early
days of the reconstruction era
From the outset, Marshall Plan
aid to Europe was founded on
the idea of a unified common
program. The whole structure
Of the plan depended on coop
Grafton between the nations OF
Western Europe with the aim
Iof creating a prosperous ipde-
pendent economy capable OF
paying its own way and provid-
ing a rising standard of living
for its people.
The mechanismS set up to
serve the American aid program
have survived as the first in
Stitutions Of a unified European
economy. The Organization fol
European Economic Co-opera-
ton (OEEC) created originally
to distribute aid funds still car
ries on with American partic-
ipation a continuing battle fol
freer trade in the European
area, the liberation of ex-
changes and the progressive
lowering of tariff barriers.
Until recently modified under
the Common Market agree
ment, the European Payment.
Union served as a kind of clear.
ing house and banker for Eu.
ropean trade, backed by a start.
ing kitty of $225 million from
the United States. Finally, a.
an outgrowth of the American.
sponsored productivity program
under the Marshall Plan, the
European Productivity Agency
has carried on within the OEEC
to improve manufacturing
techniques within the area.
Bold Effort
From these modest begin.
nings in cooperation havt
sprung the three major institu'
tions of European economic
unity. Each in it's own way, tn,
European Coal and Steel Com
munity, Euratom and the Com
mon Market represent a bolC
effort to break the narrow ma
tional restrictions on the Eu
ropean economy and pool tn
common resources of one o
the most potentially productive
areas in the world.
In the eyes of the people
most concerned, they go ever
further than that. Such prac
tical visionaries as France
Jean Monnet and Rober
Schuman see in these infan
institutions the true beginning
. Iof q United States Of Europ
Evening star., 1959-12-20

Gunnar Lange, Swedish Minister Of Com
merce, gives an account of trade relations be-
tween Sweden and the United States, and
points to the growing Importance of manu-
featured products among his country's exports.
He also gives his views on how economic in
tegration of Western Europe may help its
development.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

ton of internal import duties
on industrial commodities be-
tween July l, 1860, and January
/, 1870, according to a fixed
timetable. The members OF the
Free Trade Association will re-
duce duties by 20 per cent next
July l. The second reduction
of import duties within the
Common Market takes effect
the same day.
There will be further 10 per
cent reductions at intervals OF
18 months and eventually at II
months until tariffs are abol-
ished entirely by the end OF
1869.
Quantitative restrictions on
imports from other Outer
Seven members will be gradual
ly abolished during the transi-
tlonal period. To be entitled to
the preferential tariff a prod
uct must originate within the
member countries or, in gen.
eral, have at least so per cent
of it's value added in the area,
Optimism High
What does all this mean to
the United States and tc
American businessmen? There
is official optimism that United
States exports to Europe, in a
slump since 1857, will weather
the competition of both the
Common Market and the Outer
Seven and rise to new highs
But there is also much private
ly expressed concern that the
new era of peaceful CO.
existence in Europe's economy
will progressively close off the
Western European market to
Americans.
UnderSecretary of State C
Douglas Dillon returned from
his recent economic mission tt
Europe less than optimistic
about stemming the trenc
toward trade discrimination
against the United States.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

Jasques soustelle, First Deputy Minister Of
France and a right-hand man to Premiere
de Gaulle, writes a fascinating story Of the
development of oil and gas reserves in the
Sahara Desert, and how this is destined to
have major impact on the economy Of all Of
Europe.
Correia de Oliveira, Portugars Minister for
Foreign Trade, tells Of his nations role in the
European Free Trade Association, and what
he expects it to mean to Portugal He also
touches on Portuguese trade with the United
States, and how the Free Trade Association is
expected to affect that.
Alberto Ullastres, the Spanish Minister Of
Commerce, tells of Spain's program for liberal
izing it's foreign trade policies, and Of the new
law providing for withdrawal Of investments
by foreign investors which, he says, makes
investment in Spanish industry more attractive.
Ludwig Erhard, German Minister Of Econ
omy, has written an lncisive account of Ger
manys economy in relation with other coun-
tries of Western Europe. He also discusses
the development of group cooperation in fields
aside from the Common Market, and Ger
manys future role.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
This Section .

... is published in the interest of international
economic relations as part of the December 90 1885,
editions of The Washington STAR Washington,
D. c., United States of America
Included are articles by The Stars European
correspondent, Crosby s. NoyeS, and by Staff
Writers Robert Clark and William MacDougan
OF especial interest are articles written for
The Star at its request by responsible officials of
number of the nations with which this section is
concerned among them:
Evening star., 1959-12-20
Future International Sections Planned
BY LUIS GONZALEZ BARROS, Ph.D.
Exclusive Special Editions Representative
Of WaShinRton

Washington
With this special supplement The Star offers
general appraisal of the Western European eco
nomic scene with wide range of articles discussing
the problems and prospects of individual countries.
1t is hoped that such a survey as 1889 nearS
an end will serve as a guide to the investment
opportunity and trade potential of Europe's reSurg
ing economy while helping to build the under
standing essential to the mutual solution of free
world economic problems.
This special section inaugurateS series of an
nual economic reviews of Western Europe and other
areas of the world planned by The Star.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

John Davis Lodge, United States Ambassa-
dor to Spain, discusses that Nations economic
situation, and its new stabilization program
designed to strengthen Spain's position in in
ternational trade and industrial development.
Evening star., 1959-12-20

through the gradual growth Of
federal power independent Of
the individual national inter-
ests involved. For the time
being, however, the interest Of
the man in the street Is more
in the economic advantages
than long range political posi-
bilities. And while within their
own fields, the three institu-
tions do enjoy a considerable
measure Of independence, in
cluding their own court of JUS
tice and consultative assembly,
there are distinct limits to their
authority.
In all Of these efforts, the
response of the United States
has been one of unqualified ap-
proval and support. The coal
and steel community, launched
in 1851, started on the job of
consolidating these basic in
dustries within the six-nation
group with the aid Of a 500
million American loan. In
forming Euratom to develop
sources of European atomic
power, the same six nations
first negotiated an agreement
with the United States under
which by 1868, a million kilo-
watt hours of electricity will be
produced at six power stations
equipped with American re-
actors.
New Problem
The founding of the Common
Market this year presented
rather a different sort Of prob
lem, both to the United States
and to the II other members
of the OEEC which were not
included in the plan. Under
the terms of the treaty, the
six nations are pledged to q
progressive lowering of tariff
barriers, the removal Of import
restrictions and, ultimately, the
creation of a common currency
In IL years time, this process
will result in a completely free
exchange of goods and curren-
cies within the area.
The problem is what the ef-
feet will be on the countries
outside the Common Market
area. Both from the standpoint
of increased competition ano
the possibility Of defensive tar
if barriers raised by the Com
mon Market against outsiders
there have been considerable
grounds for concern among
other trading pationS.
Britain, whose common
wealth commitments tradition
ally prevent active participa'
ton in European internationa
schemes has felt itself particu'
larly threatened and is still
pushing hard for a less forma
agreement including a largel
membership.
Although the United State
shares the possible dangers tt
it's own economy inherent il
the Common Market, its re
sponse on the government
level has been one Of benevo
lent neutrality throughout tn
dispute.
Evening star., 1959-12-20
BY ROBERT E. CLARK
star stan Writer

Will the Outer Seven" even
tually join forces with the "In-
ner Six? Is Western Europe
destined to become one big,
happy, free-trading family-or
divide into two feuding trade
blocs?
With the signing Of formal
agreements in Stockholm last
month, the European Free
Trade Association - the So
called Outer Seven-became at
least a transitory reality. Brit
ain, Norway, Sweden, Denmark,
Switzerland, Portugal and Aus
tria linked arms in answer to
the Organization for European
Economic Cooperation - the
six-member Common Market
The Outer Seven share the
same lofty aims as the Inner
Six. They seek mutually bene-
fetal economic expansion, f.
nancial stability and full en-
ployment that will bring a ris-
ing standard of living to Their
members.
They also harbor individual
hopes-as in trade-conscious
Switzerland-that their newly
formed union will influence the
Common Market countries to
think in terms Of an eventual
wedding Of the two groups, or
at least closer association to-
ward the mutual goal of trade
and tariff benefits.
Common Purpose
Vindiction is not the motive
of the Outer Seven. Their COM
mon purpose, while varying in
degree of intensity among mem
ber nations. is the reduction Of
trade barriers throughout Eu-
rope.
The Stockholm agreement
lprovides for the gradual aboli-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-29
Army Is Giving
More PRESTIGE
To Non-Coms

The Army has asked all Its
commanders TO improve the
prestige Of non-commissioned
officers especially sergeants.
A memorandum from Army
Secretary Brucker recon-
mended that MOO privileges
be increased over and above
those OF other enlisted person
mel to make the MOO rank
more coveted" by:
l. Setting up separate bar
rack-type quarters for NCOs
wherever facilities permit. with
bachelor ofiicer quarters for
top Ncos and private or SEMI
private rooms in barracks for
junior Ncos.
2. Encouraging the creation
Of MOO clubs and social activi-
ties that viii set the MOO apart
from other enlisted ranks.
8. Establishing separate or
partitioned mess facilities to
eliminate the mess waiting line
for NcOs.
Mr.. Brucker also proposed
that the MOO be given greater
authority and freedom of ac-
ton by reducing the require
ment for commissioned officer
supervision or mandatory ON
Ger presence at all troop for
nations.