davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

machine TRANSACTIONS coming
of-age. told of two "acid tests
made last year. These tests
conducted on August 20 and No.
vember 20. involved the insti-
tute's 704 computer.
1.-THE results of the tranSla-
ton of an examined article in
the field Of organic chemistry
an article on physics, and on
two impromptu articles on mot
allurgy and politics, as well as
Ia completely random article
where there was absolutely nc
advance preparation, not even
checking for presence of words
in the dictionary. proved con-
clusively that machine trans
lation is no longer a theory but
an accomplished fact" DR.. Lux
ianow explained.
The fourth Georgetown paper
was a technical presentation by
Michael Zarechnak on analyti-
cal methods used in program
ming a computer to translate
another language into English,
Work Started in 1856
Intensive research in ma
chine translation began at
Georgetown in September, 1856,
according to DR.. Dostert. II
Immediately attracted wide in
terest in the scientific COM
munity because of the huge
body of scientific literature that
is published worldwide each
year.
A particular shortage exists
in human talent capable Of
translating Russian, and espe-
cially scientific Russian, into
English.
A few scientific abstracting
services provide translated sum-
marieS of articles in certain
fields. The chemical abstract.
ing service of the American
Chemical Society is notable
among these. But even this
service does not provide full.
text TRANSACTIONS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

UnabaShed by all the pub
licity over congressional nepo-
tism, Representative Hoffman
Republican of Michigan, rises
in defense of relatives.
Relatives" currently is a
touchy word on Capitol Hill.
Unless it's a mother-in-law
at a brides convention. no one
-~~---~---~-~---~-
Representatives, Son Poid Five Months
After Quitting. Pose Ala
-~-~->----A~-~---
is more conspicuous these days
than a cousin on congress
sional payroll.
But peppery 84-year-old
Clare Hoffman has a good word
to say for the working frater-
nifty Of kinfolk.
mo one. for either moral or
legal reasons. is required to
discriminate because of rela-
tionship," M. Hoffman says,
adding:
IF a Congressman cannot 'e
trusted to properly and eff
GENTLY use the sums provided
for the carrying-out Of his Of :
ficial duties and do q good job.
he should be defeated"
To emphasize his point that
all relatives aren't TO be shun-
ned, Republican Hoffman gal
lsntly pointed to couple CT
Democrats as conspicuous ex-
amples."
There is Senate Democratic
Leader johnson. for example.
Mr.. Hoffman said Senator
Johnson's brother is on the
payroll and earns all he re-
ceives."
Another example. Mr.. Hoff-
man said. Ms former Speaker
Cactus JacN Garner Of Texas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Hoffman Backs Policy
Of Hiring Relatives

later Vice President, whose
wife was his assistant before
he was elected and until he
refused to longer accept Office
Probably there have always
been legislators and executives
who have employed relatives
and overpaid them" Mr.. Hoff-
man declared.
But relatives employed BY
Congressman have usually rem.
dered competent services
earned what they were paid"
Representative Dwyer, Repub-
lican of New Jersey, recently
reminded her constituents that
what a congressional Office
needs. next to a working Con-
gresham. are skillful hirec
hands.
THE more seriously a Con.
gresham takes his job, the
more important a good staff be.
comes" she said.
All a good congressional as.
sistant needs to earn his pay
she observes. is:
a.. The ability to write well
a knowledge Of law and admin.
istrative procedures, a facility
for Analysing legislation. A
background Of history. politica
science, economics and inter-
national affairs: a wide &C.
quaintanceship with top off,
cials of Government depart
ments and agencies. Reliable
judgement. and the kind Of ex-
perience that can find the way
to obtain results"
For this, a member Of Con-
gress Is allowed eight staff as
sistantS to split a total annual
salary allowance Of between
$35.000 and $4,000
Anyone for nepo =?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

said is costing the District
nearly $4O0, 900 a year.
School Supt. Carl F. Hansen
said Mr.. Broyhill's charge was
less than fair"
According to the Congress-
man. only ia of 1.645 nom
resident pupils here are actually
paying tuition.
City Losing Revenue
He said this meant the city
was losing a minimum OF
$384.7l5 in revenue this year
alone.
Such a loss at a time when
Washington is threatened with
fiscal insolvency is indefensi-
ble," he said.
A member of Mr.. Broyhill'S
staff investigated 36 cases
granted tuition exemption at
Western High School this year
Many of these. he said, gave
no apparent justification fol
tuition exemption"
In one instance. he said, q
youth was attending whose
parents were in the Far East
where there was no school for
American children above the
ninth grade.
Although granted exemption,
the youth, said Mr.. Broyhill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Youth Crime Rises
1000 in Formosu

TAIPEI, April 6 (AP) .-Juve-
nile delinquency on Formosa is
increasing at an alarming rate.
Mel Ko-wang, dean of the
Central Police Academy. told a
discussion meeting today crimi-
nal offenses by juveniles in
creased by 200 per cent between
1853 and 1858. He said the
charges included murder, rob-
berry and dope addiction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

SocleCyS l50bn naGlOnal meet
ing here. The announcement
was one Of major scientific i'm
portance, giving hope that a
vast log-jam of untranslated
scientific literature may at last
be broken
Ariadne Lukjanow, who made
the announcement, predicted
that within six to eight months
an electronic translating setup
will be able to handle "a die
tionary of over one-half mil
lion words and a translation
rate in excess Of $4,000 words an
hour.R She added that 1.-THE
improved system will also pro-
vide a translation superior to
that Of earlier tests"
Chinese and Arabic
DR.. Leon Dostert, director of
Georgetown's Institute of Lam
guages and LinguiStics, headed
the group which summarized
for chemists progress in the
machine translating field. In
addition to groundwork being
done in Russian English and
French-to-English translation,
DR.. Dostert said, work has
been started for translation of
English into Chinese and
Arabic"
The speed with which ma
chine translation can be done
was emphasized by another
Georgetown linguist, A. F. R,
Brown.
"An IBM-704 computer with
standard-size memory has been
programmed so that it will
translate French technical lit
erature into English at a rate
of about 3 words per second"
DR.. Brown said. This speed
-180 words a minutes above
normal talking speed.
Humans Still Cheaper
Economically, however, ma
chine translation is not yet
competitive with the labor Of
humans. DR.. Brown indicated
MY present speed Of three
or four words translated per
second represents a cost oil
aoout 2 cents a W. I'd for COM
Iputer time" DR.. Brown ex-
planned. This cost, however
does not include the expense
of getting the French text OF
the printed page and into the
computer.
Cost of translation by hui
nan beings in the United
States is of the order of or
2 cents a word"
DR.. Brown indicated that
further improvements could be
expected, with resultant saw
ingS in money.
In an appendix to his paper,
DR.. Brown showed how his ma
chine works by giving a STEP
by-step example of the trans
lation of the French sentence,
La couleur rouge s'est rapide-
ment altere." into the Eng
lish, The red color has been
quickly altered" In some Of
the intermediate steps the ma
chine appeared to be having
as much trouble as Q school,
boy wrestling with ''Voici Ia
plume de ma tante." But 1t got
there far more Quickly.
! DR.. Lukjanow. announcing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
28Captwed
In Patuxent
Prison Break
Six Still Sought
In Big Monhunt;
Dogs Brought Out
BY HERMAN #. SCHADEN
Star Stan Writer

Six inmates from the Patux-
ent Institute for Defective De-
linquents we're the object of a
huge Maryland manhupt today.
Twenty-eight others who joined
in the States largest prison
break yesterday evening have
been recaptured.
Some of the escapes we're
considered dangerous. Resi-
dents near the institution on
U. S. Route /, IS miles south
Of Baltimore, were warned to
lock doors and not to pick up
hitch-hikers.
The countryside was alive
shortly after the 7:l0 pm.
break with hundreds of state
police, Marines, Nationa al
Guardsmen and volunteers
searching the woods and check
ing roads for the missing men.
4he number of fugitives was
reduced to six before noon with
the Selling of four men in Bal
timore and another not far
from the prison.
Four in Stolen Car
Captured in a stolen car by
Baltimore city police were Ver-
non Alt, Aodney Blizzard. Glenn
Whettle and George Crisp. The
fifth man was found covering
in underbrush. Nationa
Guardsman identified him as
Joseph Grimm.
Warning that some of the
men, all about 20 years old,
might be dangerous, the insti-
tution's superintendent urged
caution by citizens.
But it is a blessed fact that
two who have been caught are
the most dangerous" added
Supt. Harold M. Boslow.
The breakouts originated in
two adjoining recreation rooms
where 81 men were gathered,
some playing checkers or table
tennis, or watching televiSion
The ringleaders overpowered
two guards and took their
keys. 1t was a simple matter
for the inmates to stream out
of the unwalled institution,
and dart into the fields and
woods like frightened game.
Thirteen of the men were
caught within six hours and
others were being rounded up
singly and in punches.
Planes Aid Hunt
The search was aided today
by State police airplanes. -Four
men were spotted at 7:10 am,
by the planes pilot. Capt. Mar
tin M. Puncky. who radioed
State police cars.
Within minutes. 10 cars con-
verged on the spot, two miles
from Waterloo, on State route
80. Four men, named as Joseph
Montgomery, Raphael Terry,
David Jennings and William S.
Starkey, we're found crouching
behind trees and bushes. and
gave up without a struggle.
Joining the searchers today
were so Marines from the Ma
tional Security Agency at Fort
Meade. About 80 State troopers
were aiding with road blocks
Three companies of Guards
See ESCAPE, Page B-1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Archbishop and S.
Safe in Plane Mishup

HONG KONG, April 6 tAP)
"A Pan American strato-
cruiser carrying the Archbishop
of Canterbury and SIS other
passengers made it safely back
to Hong Kong today with one
engine out.
The big American airlinel
was 80 minutes on its way to
Tokyo when one engine started
acting up. The airline said
the trouble was routine and
the plane should be able to
take of again later today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Double Trouble

GREENWICH, England,
April Q (AP).-Identical twins
Ernest and William Gregson,
~. we're found guilty of iden-
tical charges Of drunkenness
today and fined an identical
e Aillings GO cents each.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Quuke Jars Coast

BERKELEY, Calf, April G
(AP) "A moderate earthquake
Jared a section of coastal
Northern California for two
minutes last night, but nc
damage was reported. Police
at Ukiah. seat of Mendocino
County, got most of the calls
from aroused residents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
VARIETY MEATS
BOLSTER MENUS

BEEF TONGUE falls under the
needing Of "voriety meets" Others
are hearts, kidneys, and broins.
Before crossing these dishes off,
Star Food Editor Violet FouIkner
suggests you try her recipe for
tongue os o starter II appears
todoy on Page B-5.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Sane Mother, Once III,
Bored From Children

stand by the mothers attorney
Jack Politz, agreed with DR.
Overholser.
The mother visited the chill
bred six times last year before
she was committed to st. Eliz-
abeths in March, suffering from
paranoid schizophrenia. She
had been hospitalized for men,
tai illness before that. She was
ruled of sound mind again in
June, 1868, but the father
through court action, pre-
vented her from seeing the
children again pending a final
decision whether the visits
would hurt the children.
Elizabeths Staff Differs
The father testified during
last weeks trial that her visits
left the children Gin a lost, in
a dazed attitude" Their school
work suffered and the school
pSychiatrist told him mental
illness might come upon them
if the visits continued. he tes-
titled.
DR.. Overholser told the court
lengthy observation of the
woman made clear to him and
his staff that she had recovered
and could see the children
without any harmful effects.
He said that observing her
See MOTHER, Page A-6
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

S~-~~~>~r--~-~-~~->~-~-
note to the Soviet Foreign Min
istry, to expect that America
would deny itself the use Of
international air space or that
Of friendly countries bordering
Russia.
The American note answered
Soviet message Of last March
5. charging that American
planes had violated Soviet air
space in the Baltic and Sea Of
Japan areas.
The note was the latest in an
exchange with the Soviet Union
that began after Soviet fighters
fired on American planes over
the Baltic Sea and made simu-
lated attacks on American craft
over the Sea Of Japan last No
vember.
U. S. Attack Charged
Russia on March 5 charged
that American military planes
had conducted unprovoked FIR
ing attacks on a Soviet fighter
The Kremlin said it expected
the United States to forbid its
air forces to send planes to the
Soviet boundary or into Soviet
air space and thus eliminate q
source Of strained relations.
1T is recognized as an I'M
satisfactory state Of affairs, in
deed" today's American note
replied, when in place of easy
passage to and fro by land, sea
and air, as is normal elsewhere,
there is an atmosphere of
hostility arising from the iso-
lation of a segment of the
earth's surface. But certainly
it is this atmosphere and the
senSitivitiese engendered by it,
and not the flight of American
military aircraft in areas near
frontiers of the Soviet Union,
which impose certain strains in
relations mentioned in the
Soviet note"
Violations Denied
The United Stataes said Mos
COW lis fully aware" that no
violations of Soviet air space
were involved in the two No
vember incidents.
To suggest that the United
State should stop flying mis-
sions dlose to Soviet air space
sis clearly unjustiflable and
does not contribute toward cas-
ing the strained relations be-
tween the United States and
the USSR," the note concluded.
The effect of the new Ameri-
can move was to keep alive the
controversy started last week
by Soviet protests against
American flights into Berlin
above 10000 feet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Bus PLUNGE Kills 20

KARACHI, Pakistan, April 6
(AP). = Twenty persons were
killed and II seriously injured
when a bus plunged down a
400-foot ravine in mountain
Gus West Pakistan yesterday
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Broad Trust
Ruling Issued
Individual Firms
Protected by Low
BY HOWARD L. DUTKIN
star star Writer

star ntAu WFAtkk
Any combination to restrain
the trade of even a single bust
nessman is a violation of the
Sherman Anti Trust Act, the
Supreme Court held today.
The ruling made clear that
it was not necessary to show
that the public had been in
jured in order successfully to
charge anti-monopoliStic prac-
tees under the law.
The ruling reinstated a suit
by Klor's. Inc. of San Francis
co, a retail appliance store
Klor's had filed an antitrust
action against a competitor
and 10 national manufacturers
and distributors, including Ad-
miral Corp. Emerson Corp.
and Philco, asking triple DAM
ages and an injunction.
Conspiracy Charged
Klor's asserted that the de-
PENDANTS conspired to restrain
and monopolize commerce by
agreeing either not to sell to
Klor's or to sell to it only at
discriminatory prices and un-
favorable terms.
Klor'S charged that a COM
petitor, Broadway-Hale, had
used its "monopoliStic" buying
power to promote the alleged
conspiracy.
The suit was dismissed in
lower courts on the grourd
that the dispute was a purely
private quarrel" between v.
See COURT, Page At
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

in American journalism, will be
added to The Stars list of opposite
the-editorial-page columnists begin
ming tomorrow.
Mr.. McGill is fixture in Atlanta
and the South-but never stays fixed
in any one place. He goes where the
story is breaking. and writes it as he
sees it-with the vigor and the dis
regard of whose feet he may step on
that have brought him brickbats
along with the bouquets, both of
which are blithely ignored.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Computers 7 translate
Foster 7 han Man 7 oIks
Moy Breok Backlog Of Science Data,
But Machine Cost Is Still Higher
BY WILLIAM HINES
01 WILLIAM nANEi
star Science Writer

BOSTON April Translation by eleetronic computers
hailed today mo longer theory but accomplished
fact"
The advance revealed of four Georgetown Uni
verity nguists who prepared papers for session ina
chine translation" the opening of the American Chemical
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Probe of Non-R Resident
Pupil Tuition Urged
BroyhiII Says District Lost $3S4.7l5;
Hansen Coils Charge Less Thon-Foir

Representative Broyhll, Republican of Virginia, today
charged District school officials wnking their eyes,
at the law requiring tuition payments for nonresident
pupils.
He said he would ask the House District Committee to
make an official investigation the situation which he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Adopt Perrow Plan
Almond Urges State
Tells Critics
To Do Better
If They Can
BY ALEX r. PRESTON
star Stan Writer


RICHMOND, April Gov.
Almond today asked the Gen.
eral Assembly to enact all the
Perrow Commission recommen-
dations dealing with school in
tegration.
Admitting that the tide Of
battle to maintain segregated
public schools has turned
against Virginia, he told Joint
session of the legislature that
there need not be complete sur
render. These were his words:
THE program recommended
by the commission is not one
OF defeatism or surrender: 1t
may be that we have witnessed
Gettysburg, but if we unite and
work together for the best in
terests Of Virginia. there will
be no Appomattox."
Under the Perrow plan, To-
calitieS would be free to decide
whether to continue financial
support of public education, and
scholarships would be made
available throughout the State
for children who attend private
non-sectarian schools. 1t would
not ba1 indignation in public
classes, however.
Critics Challenged
Gov. Almond, like the COM
MISSIONS 31-9 report last week,
again challenged anyone to
come up with a better plan Ito
avoid indignation and preserve
our public schools"
AS the legislature reconvened
for what is expected to be about
a two-week session, Gov. Al
mond told lawmakers that some
of his critics are attempting 70
misrepresent his position. Die
hard segregationists have ex-
pressed disappointment over the
approach of Gov. Almond and
the Perrow Commission to the
school issue.
Contrary to the knowingly
false statements of some" Gov.
Almond said, Il have never
stated-nor have any of you to
my knowledge-that no Negro
child would ever enter a white
school in Virginia.
81 did pledge with some of
you that we would do every
thing within our power conSis-
tent with honor and within the
framework of law to prevent it.
That pledge has been kept"
81 Negroes Enrolled
In February, a total of 81
Negro children entered II for
merly all-white schools in Ar
lington, Alexandria, Norfolk
and Warren County as a result
of Federal court DEGREES.
The Governor at one point
apparently alluded to the re-
fusal of Representatives Tuck
and Abbitt, both Democrats, to
appear before the Perrow Com
mission with suggestions for
maintaining segregated schools.
Both Congressman had criti-
cized the makeup of the 40
member commission as being
top heavy against the segrega-
zionist viewpoint.
"The commission invited the
views Of all who had any con-
tributions to make towards a
rational solution" Gov. Almond
said. Some declined because
the commission was represent
tative of the State at large.
II would say to them that the
problem confronting us is a
Statewide problem Of concern
See VIRGINIA, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Ralph McGill to Join
The Stars Columnists

Ralph McGil, editor of the Atlanta Constitution
and one of the most provocative and well known figures
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06


Mr.. McGil is an astute observer and entertaining
chronicler Read his column on Tuesdays Thursdays
and Saturdays in
gbe Fneuiug Star
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
Guide for Readers

AmHsem's A-10-2l Feature Poge A. Is
Business and Lost, Found A-3
Finonce NIB Music All
Classified s-s-l4 Obituary Ala
Comics B-l5-H Sports A-l7-l9
Crossword B-l7 TV-Rodio B-ls-l9
Editorial A-l0 Womon's
Edit. Articles All Section BAT
Hove The Stor Delivered to
Your Home Daily and Sunday
Dial Lincoln s-5Ooo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06
U. 5. Rejects
Soviet. Protest
On Air Border
Incidents in Boltic,
Over SEQ of Jupun
Held Unjustifiuble
BY EARL H. VOSS
star star Writer

The United States today re-
jected q Russian demand that
American military planes steer
well clear of Soviet boundaries.
1t is clearly unjustifiable. "
the United States said in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-04-06

Reds Charge Breach Of Air Rules to
Wreck Talks. Pese 40
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-02-22
Money

WaShinEton's No. 1
Mercedes-Benz Dealer
. Complete SERVICE DEPT.
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TRAINED MERcEDES-BENZ
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: IMMEDIATE DELIVERY ON
MOST MODELS
. DELIVERED SIATeslDE
OR OVERSEAS
McNey Motors. Inc.
Studebaker-Packard-Mercedes
1908 Rhode Island Ave. NE.
wash, ID. G. Adams 2-OI62
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-02-22
BELL MOTORS

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CHEVROLET 'b3 convertible; red,
radio and heater, stand. shift:
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CHEVY s'56 Bel Air hardtop VS.;
turquoise and white, powergllde,
Wv tires, 7. and h.; S1,295. XII,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-02-22
~ and '55 In stock. From 81 1875
OURISMAN-MANDELL
CHEVROLET

XII NICHOIS AVt. 5.E. IU. o.IUOl
CHEVROLET $50; radio, heater;
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CHEVROLET $50 "210" de luxe o
dr.; powerglide, radio, heater, q
tone finish: S1,295.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-02-22
AuroMoRILEs EOR SALE AuTOMoBILEs FOR SALE

CHEVROLET IS impaia hardtop;
25Q.hp. engine; powergllde 7.
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CHEVROLET '53 Bel AIR cow; Ike
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CHEVROLET 'bs Rrookwood sta
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CHEVROLET '55 de luxe Tudor;
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CHEVROLET 40; excel. cond. ali
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CHEW. s55 "2i0' 2-door Wagon:
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WHEELER. INC, WHEELMOBILE
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CHEVROLET 49, wagon. 1000
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