Evening star., 1959-12-20
The NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRY,
AXIS OF THE PRESENT INDUSTRIALIZATION
PROGRAM In SPAIN
n. |. !
Instrument Of Industrial Po|icv

Inside ond outside of Spoin
there hos been much criticism
TO the decision OF the Sponish
Stote to intervene actively in
the free play Of economic forces.
Nevertheless, the focts thot
brought suchN decision, intIu-
enced by very specific notionoI
characteristics thot have placed
Spoin up TO now os one of the
underdeveloped notions, ore
oIso universal problems thot
hove been solved, when the cir
cumstonces hove permitted it,
by the some means Of stote
intervention, Of different kinds
of degrees, from the very mod
erote 10 the extremely rodicol.
Without going into the New
DeoI" Of Roosevelt, or the Eng
Iish labor notionoIizotions-
which hove kept their essentiol
| character under the Conserve
tive Government, recIoimed by
the Trode Unions, and in the
border the Soviet Regime and
the countries behind the Iron
Curtoin-of on economy COM
pIeteIy Stote controlled-we
have the cleor exomple Of the
Sponish- -Americon mott ons,
where stote-contolIed enter
prises Tor ouosi-stote con-
trolledl CORY on in mony coses
the reduction Of economic pol
icies; OF the young notion Of
IsroeI, or the exompIes Of Fronce
with its Monnet Plan, and Of
ltoly with the Vononi Plan ond
the l.R.I.
In oil those instances the
Stote hos been compelled to
break from its possiVity and in
terVene in one way or onother
os counsellor or principal octor
In the national economy.
A report of the United No
tions on the subject Of the
economical development Of the
world since l945 recognizes
thot the progress thot con be
observed in the mojority Of the
countries hos been possible by
Stote diversions mode TO coun-
terbolonce the secretly OF pri-
vote copitoI.
In Europe, the coefficient Of
investments fIuctuotes around
2Ooo Of the gross national
product. In the countries behind
the Iron Curtoin the percentage
is much loreer. In Spoin, on the
other hand, the index is opprox-
imotely 1870 and the portci-
potion of the Stote is around
go. This amount is reduced
os to industrial investments 10
O Theoretical 80, os it hos not
been obIe TO 90 higher than O
! % medium in the lost IS
yeors.
The intervention Of the Spon-
ish Stote is NOT, therefore,
olornino and is kept in O mod
erote equilibrium between the
possibilities of reoI investments
very scorce considering the
gross national product-ond the
desire Of the economic policy
10 CORY them 10 O noximum,
so thot on insreose in the gross
national product con be OBJ
TONED, and TO contribute 10 its
best redistribution. This is,
effectively, the sense in which
NIL N.N.D encourages in
Vestments.
The National Institute of In
dustry is then on instrument OF
the Spanish Stote for the pIon-
ming and development of its
economic policy. It is not,
therefore. on oroon Of inter-
Vention and stote control, but
center of orientotion whose pur-
pose is TO promote O series of
industries which are built from
the first instance with priVote
collaboration, or with the clear
intention Of turning them over
TO priVote concerns.
II is in this respect thot il
differs Fundamentally with in
stitutions Of O similar nature in
other countries, where the stote
uses them to corry on its policies
OF naturalization. Neverthe-
less, port Of the essential con-
cept thot the Stote cannot cope
with oil economic problems,
especially when the growth OF
the country hos not evolved ot
the some rote thot those of the