davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1959-11-23
LETTERS TO THE STAR
Student Loans and LOYALTY Oath

The president Of Harvard
missed a golden opportunity
to offer decisive leadership to
academic America.
According to The Star, he
announced at the same time
as the president Of Yale that
those two prestigious institu-
tions would no longer partic-
ipate in the student loan
provisions Of the National
Defense Education Act. 1t is
their conclusion that swear
ing allegiance to the United
States as a condition for
obtaining a loan is discrim-
inatory and humiliating.
More than a million dollars
will thus be withdrawn from
availability.
I was born and reared in
the home town Of Nathan
Pusey, Harvard's chief officer.
In Council Bluffs, Iowa, the
Pusey family is highly re-
spected. President Pusey's
mother was in our local
education system.
That is the same system
which taught all students
answering devotion to the
American ideal, the spirit Of
'76. I don't mean that be-
cause we were taught to
honor the flag and to revere
our heritage we became
chauvinists.
Perhaps that is what this
letter appears to be. the
effort Of a blind super
patriot. 1t is not so intended.
1t is written more in sadness
than in reproach.
I am sure that President
Pusey sees his point of view
quite clearly. I do not impugn
his motives, but I do think
his reasons are shallow. He
says students should not be
singled out as second class"
citizens and made to sign
affidavitS not required of
others obtaining Government
money.
Assuming the point has
validity, why didn't he en-
gage the enormous standing
Of his university to announce
that Harvard students would
be proud to take a loyalty
oath on any and all occasions
required by the Government?
However, he would like to
point out that the same
affirmation Of loyalty should
be required Of others who
draw Treasury checks under
similar circumstances.
This is a truly remarkable
and wonderful country. The
fact that an honored edu-
Gator can publicly condemn
such a fundamental precept
is dramatic proof of that. To
condemn him in turn for his
beliefs would be to subvert
the very essence of our free
Evening star., 1959-11-23

it is "the purpose of this act
to provide substantial assist
ance in various forms to in
dividuals, and to States and
their subdivisions, in order to
insure trained manpower of
sufficient quality and guam
tity to meet the national de-
fenSe needs Of the United
States"
It's thanks to such aca-
demic idiocy as this that
"egghead" and educator"
have become synonymous to
the public. The people, in
their practical wisdom, see
through this sort of sophis-
try, and thank Heaven for
the real intellectuals whose
minds are not so broad
they're fiat.
Eleanor M. Smith.
-
AS an alumnuS of Yale
University, I wish to express
my great shock and strong
diSapproval of the action of
Yale'S President A. Whitney
Griswold in terminating that
university'S participation in
the National Defense Educa-
ton Act.
I cannot agree in the
slightest with his conception
, of the loyalty oath as in
volved in the act. If there
were more widespread sup
port for loyalty oaths, and if
these oaths were backed by
more stringent punitive
measures for use against
those who swear falsely, then
no subversive or treasonous
person would dare use them
as a cloak for his intentions,
as is inferred by DR.. Girls
void.
Surely the Government can
and should demand that a
person swear allegiance to
the United States if the Gov
ernent is going to assist in
the education of that per-
son. Surely. too, we do not
want to spend the taxpayers
money in providing an edu-
cation for SubverSive or trea-
sonous persons in a great in
Stitution such as Yale. No
American should find it re-
pugnant to swear under oath
that he is a loyal citizen.
On the Yale campus there
is a statue honoring Nathan
Hale, one American who was
not afraid to declare his faith
and his loyalty in his coun-
try. DR.. Griswold's action
previously ignores Yale'S his
toric symbol of loyalty.
C. Beatty Collins
editors note: The contro-
versy is not related to the
regular oath of allegiance,
but to the requirement that
an additional anti-Commu-
mist affidavit be signed.)
Evening star., 1959-11-23

doms. AS critical as I feel,
nevertheless I am not COM
PEELED to demand an immedi-
ate investigation of Harvard
and Yale, or their presidents.
But I am not inhibiting my
fervent hope that somewhere
there will appear a leading
intellectual who will ETo-
claim in clear and unmistak-
able language a doctrine of
old-faShioned AmericaniSm.
This is where I think Mr..
Pusey had his glorious
chance to describe anew our
precious legacieS.
The oath requirement will
obviously not defeat any COM
munistically inclined stu
dents in their attempts to
obtain a loan. No supporter
Of the affidavit believes that,
I'm sure.
But is there harm in pro-
viding a polite reminder to
all applicants that this Gov
ernment, which apparently is
taken so much for granted, is
owed some small measure Of
loyalty?
We wonder how much voice
the students themselves had
in these decisions to spurn
the loan funds. 1t would be
my guess that any unbrain-
washed student wouldn't have
given the affidavit require
ment a second thought, and
would have been happy to ex-
ecute it, If some overprotec-
tive superior had not deemed
it a "humiliating and dis
graceful" obligation.
Jack Watson.
= 4 =
The Academic Freedom"
boys are at 1t again. Circulus
in probando! They object to
the oath of allegiance in the
National Defense Education
Act of 1858.
This act in no way prohib-
its the respective schools from
accepting any student in
their institutions; it does not
deny him an education, nor
does it in any way censor
what shall be taught. It sim
ply says that we will not lend
up to $1,000 to individuals of
dubious loyalty.
Do these denizens Of the
ivory tower actually expect
you and me, the taxpayers, to
underwrite the college educa-
ton of a student who refuses
to affirm that 'he does not
believe in, and is not a mem
Der of and does not support
any organization that believes
in or teaches, the overthrow
of the United States Govern
ment by force or violence or
by any illegal or unconstitu-
tional methods?
The absurdity of this op-
position becomes obvious
when we read in the law that
Evening star., 1959-11-23

fore figure people won't have
too much time to practice
in, and so need information
in a HURRY
So we have "do-it-your-
self" books to help those who
somehow feel that everything
costs too much, even If you
do it yourself.
Jones has experimental
with the ear plugs, but
doesn't like the feel in the
ear.
The human ear is one Of
the strangest Of all natures
creations. Probably no more
so than any other ear, but
certainly we know more
about our own.
Several years ago Jones
saw a remarkably ugly little
man on the bus.
One glance revealed that
this man had the most mon
StrouS ears in the world.
They were at least twice as
long, from top to bottom, as
the average human ear, and
were very wide across.
Just as Cyrano de Bergerac
had a great nose, so this man
had huge ears, not exactly
elephantine, but surely twice
as big, at the least, as they
ought to have been.
1t was not long after see
ing this man that Jones ran
across an article in a medical
magazine in which such ears
were discussed. They are, ap-
parently, a form Of misman-
agement by nature, which
does not always do things
right by any means.
Jones believes that the cat
ear is a much handsomer
piece Of facial adornment
than the human ear, and
stands in a better position to
set off the head. Human ears
either are flattened against
the head, or stick out side
ways in a most disconcerting
manner.
Most people go through life
hardly realizing they have
any at all.
The ears are Just there,
and they hear with them
without having to think
about the matter.
They are very fortunate.
1t is only when their ears
work only too well, by telling
them of some exterior noise
maker that they worry about
ears.
Ears are very responsive,
and will even wake you in
case Of alarm. This Is why
ear stopples must be used
with discretion, and why it
is best that they never cut
out all noise.
Evening star., 1959-11-23

human brain-almost COM
pletely cut of from sight and
sounds being investigated
by Harvard psychologists un-
der grants from the once Of
Naval Research.
1t may be, the Navy scien-
fists believe, a matter Of far
reaching significance for fu-
ture space travel when man
will be projected outside the
world"
Special attention is being
given, according to a Navy
report, to tests in which sto-
ries are made up by the SUBJ
jectS in an iron lung" set-up
to flt various suggestions.
DIT Victims Tested
Another study has to do
with the effects of sensory
isolation on chronic alco-
holics who have experienced
delirium tremens. The aim
is to determine whether the
isolation procedure will give
rise to hallucinations SINH
lar to those Of DTS. Nine
subjects have been studied.
They lie in a bed in a rela-
lively sound-free cubicle,
with black goggles over their
eyes and plugs in their ears.
To minimize touch sensations
they wear foam-rubber suits
over silk pajamas.
A third study deals with
effects Of Sensory depriva-
ton on mental processes,
with special regard to crea-
tive thinking. The subjects
"a group of undergraduates
who are paid for their serv-
ices-recline in very comfort
able chairs, their eyes COW
cred with halves of trans
lucent ping-pong balls and
their arms enclosed in long
cardboard cuffs. All they
hear is a background hum
ming noise. When so shield
ed from the world around
them they are scored on the
organization, vividness and
complexity of the phantaSieS
they report.
In a fourth study a group
Of congenitally deaf students
is being compared to nom
deaf students who have sub
mitted to sensory deprivation.
Evening star., 1959-11-23

NV, going downtown, there
are three bus stops half a
block apart, so that one has
to run like crazy from one to
the other to get the next bus.
A little togetherness would do
wonders here.
There is just one way to
solve this problem - be a
farmer! Or Mr.. Chalk should
be required to ride his own
buses to get around!
Isabel c. Moore.
Evening star., 1959-11-23

situation, but he has one thing on his
side. The relatives never have worked
anyway. Our advice to the master of
the palace is to let the folks go on strike.
1t may take less than an 80-day cooling
of period, without grocery money, to
settle this one.
Evening star., 1959-11-23

the office; however, they and
the courts refuse steadfastly
to provide an impartial re-
view.
William A. Albaugh.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08
Eisenhowers Stop
On Return to DC.
To Visit Moores

I President and MRS. Eisen-
hover returned from their
Gettysburg tPa.) farm last
night after an hours visit on
the way ct the Virginia coun-
try home Of the First Lady's
sister.
Instead Of taking the as
mile direct route from 0ettys-
burg to the White House. the
Eisenhowers mctored through
busy Sunday trafl'c by way OF
Harpers Ferry and Charles
Town. w. Va, and through
Leesburg, Va.
The country place Of Mrs,
Eisenhower's sister and BROTH
er-ir-law. Mr.. ana Mrs. q,
Gordon Moore. is about Is
miles northwest Of Leesbure.
The trip. plus the visit to
the Moores. took 4Js hours.
The President had attended
the morning service At . Get
tysburg church and joined in
q prayer that the Big Four
ministers conference at ce-
|neya win lead to an easing Of
East-west tensions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08
Fuchs Due to Leave
British Prison Shortly

munist convictions and wants
to work again for British sci-
ence. But it is certain the Brit
ish would never again trust him
with even the smallest secrets.
In Leipzig. Prof. Fuchs de-
ciined to comment on his sons
plans.
"You have to ask the au-
thorities about that" he told q
reporter and hung up the
phone.
The father was honored last
month with the East German
Golden Order Of the Father
land on the occasion Of his s5th
birthday.
An East German Foreign
Ministry spokesman said he did
not know anything about the
possibility Of Fuchs going to
East Germany after his release
from prison.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

LONDON, June 9 (AP) I'm
Just q few more weeks the
gates Of prison win probably
SWING open for the man they
cali the deadliest spy in history.
Klaus Fuchs win walk out TO
freedom after serving nine
years for betraying Western
atomic secrets to Soviet Russia
secrets that probably enabled
the Russians to produce an
atomic bomb i've years sooner
than they could have otherwise.
Home Secretary Richard A.
Butler probably viii tell the
House Of Commons this week
what happens next to the AZ
yearlold German-born scien-
tist. esH 80 ~ anGsiI3
AS Q docile. model convict,
Fuchs Is believed to have
earned the maximum remission
Of one-third Of the 14-year
sentence passed on him at
London's Old Bailey in March.
1850.
This would make him due
for release early next month.
Lost Citizenship
He could be deported. Al
though Fuchs acquired British
citizenship IN 1912. he lost it
after being sentenced.
But demands have been raised
in press and Parliament that
Fuchs should be prevented from
going to live in the Communist
East for fear that he may pass
over more secrets or use his
scientific skill and learning to
the Reds advantage.
For seven years Fuchs worked
with British nuclear scientists.
Part Of the time he was on
the British team that worked
with American nuclear scien-
fists during World War II. He
had access to top secret nuclear
centers in, Britain and the
United States.
American and British scien-
fists generally agree that the
knowledge he acquired during
that time would probably be Of
little use to the Russians after
all these years.
Father Lives in East Germany
But fears have been expressed
that his brilliant brain could
still be put to service in Com
munist laboratories. It has also
been argued that Fuchs pres
ence behind the Iron Curtain
could prove q powerful propa-
eanda fillip for the Soviet bloc.
Reports seeping out Of Wake
field Jail in Northern England
say Fuchs has expressed a de-
sire to 90 and live in East Ger
many with his 85-year-old
father, Prof. Emil Fuchs Of
Leipzig University.
II he really wants to go,
there is some doubt that Brit
ish authorities could prevent
him.
Other reports, however, say
Fuchs has now shed his Com
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

erai strike against the govern
ment would be released. It also
was believed most stores which
closed q week ago In protest to
the eomoza regime would soon
reopen,
Handbills circulated through
the city urged q student strike
tomorrow as q protest against
the GAS investigation.
50 far. three rebels have re-
portedly been killed and seven
captured.
Meanwhile, United States
Ambassador Thomas Whclan
said he had not told q Column
bia Broadcasting System cor
respondent that three ships
bearing rebels were heading
from Cuba for Nicaragua.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

nate his brother and had not
committed ian act Of agrees
sion against the palace"
The President was not en-
dangered. The men were cap
tured q few miles away.
The Army commander also
claimed the rebels who invaded
Nicaragua q week ago from
Costa Rica by plane were
divided into two small groups
and were abandoning their
arms. food and uniforms In an
attempt to slip unnoticed into
various cities.
Reports indicated only la
Nicaraguans have joined the
80 or so who invaded the coun-
try. he said. This contrasted
with claims Of Nicaraguan ex-
lies IN Costa Rica that the reb-
els were getting many recruits
from among the population.
Nicaragua's Ambassador ia
Costa Rica, Juan Bautista
Lacayo. returned home and re-
ported that the leaders Of the
invaders. Enrique Lacayo FAR
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

developed areas called on the
Congress to sponsor q world
development corporation. Its
aim would be to encourage pri-
vate capital. to reinforce aids
and credits, given BY govern
|ments.
It also called for the Western
powers TO dovetail their econ-
omies in q united drive 70 pros
perity.
"Tc compete successfully
against communism" 1t said,
ut Is not necessary TO emulate
the pattern Of Soviet totali-
tartan controls.
"But the national policies Of
the Western nations should
conform with each other at
least TO assure that they do
not operate at cross purposes"
Another subcommittee re-
ported on ways Of settling dis
putes among the NATO powers.
It urged that meetings Of heads
Of NATO governments should
take place annually. A study
group. it said, should consider
creating q NATO court Of JUS
tice to settle such questions as
the Observation-Disclosures ''fish war"
over fishing rights on the coast
Of Iceland.
A subcommittee on military
questions urged that q single
air command be set up for the
whole Of Western Europe. Air
defense, 1t said. now cannot be
effective except in q large area.
It called on the Congress to
recommend stronger naval de-
lenses against the developing
Soviet submarine feet.
ITO consider q possible short
age Of foodstuffs and other es-'
sential commodities whic h.
would result from severed
communications or any other
cause, we recommend that
stocks Of certain essential COM
modities be set up and dis
persed," the subcommittee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

fan and Cen. Carlos Pasos,
have DISAGREED over rebel OPP
irrational plans.
President Somoza, mean
while. accepted the offier Of
Latin American ambassadors
to Nicaragua to work out q
peace formula. The ambassa-
doris win operate independently
Of q committee from the Or
ganization Of American States.
which Is to make q fact finding
study of the Nicaraeuan situ-
alton. The GAS committee Il
not empowered 70 intervene in
o peacemaking role.
There were reports some
businessmen placed under ar
rest for helping launch gen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08

cal aggression Of totalitarian
communism" and the true value
Of liberty.
These proposals we're among
Recommendation set before
the Congress. an unofiicial
NATo parliament. They came
from subcommittee which have
been debating for three days
on the course NATO should
take In the next 10 years.
$50 In Session
The Congress has brought
$50 Of the NATo nations more
distinguished persons into q
six-day thinking session. It
closes wednesday with q dec
laration Of recommendation to
member governments.
The subcommittee on Soviet
and Western propaganda tech-
niques reported q grave risk
that deficiencies In Western
propaganda may lead to defeat
Of the West In the cold war.
1.-THE USSR has set up the
most gigantic machinery ever
known for the purpose Of en-
shaving public opinion 1t said.
1T Is to this machinery. as
much as to their machinery
might, that the Soviets owe
their principal achievements.
including their territorial sue
cesses."
The subcommittee proposed
that q NATO counterpropa-
ganda division expose the
tricks Of Soviet political war;
fare, devise means Of fore
stalling them. and keep the OBJ
jectives Of the free world be-
fore the captive nations.
Development Plan
The projected free world as
ISOLATION. it suggested. could
operate radio stations. help
workers Of all countries steer
clear Of communism. and set
up education centers to train
advocates Of freedom"
A subcommittee on under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08
Actress Swallows
Overdose Of Pills

HOLLYWOOD. June 9 (AP).
Officers had to break down
the locked door at Actress Lynn
Baggett's home after she took
an overdose Of sleeping tablets
last night. police report.
The 36-year-old ex-wife Of
Producer Sol Spiegel had dialed
a telephone operator and called
for help. Police found her in
bed at her home in Beverly
Hills.
She was taken to a hospital
where attendants said her con-
dition was serious.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08
Nicaragua Shots Laid
To DRINKS Celebrating

MANAGUA Nicaragua. June tAP) -Nicaraguas defense
chief claims the eman who fired shots the presidential
palace Saturday night were iust bunch Of DRINKS ceIe
Gen. Anasasio eomoza younger brother Of President Luis
said the four I'VE shooters had tried to nssass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-08
Propaganda War Urged
ByAtIontic Congress

LONDON June tAP) s--western leaders at the Atlantic
Congress today urged NATO to set up division Of counter
propaganda to fight back against Soviet political warfare
They urged too that the West sponsor new
organization be called the Free World Association Open
70 all nations would be 70 make cleared the ideolog-
Evening star., 1959-11-19

made for action, styled for comfort and
patterned for bold, good looks our
boys fine wash N wear sport shirts and
rugged double-knee corduroy slacks! Just
wonderful for gift giving!
Evening star., 1959-11-19

Men Want Footwear That Reflects Their Taste Assures
Their Comfort and Is Easy the POcketbook We Fill
ALI Requirements With Famous Gold Bond Quality Shoes
:. Try 'em on Be Sure You Have New Pair for the
Holidays!
Evening star., 1959-11-19

large figure: Fraternity
Prep cotton broadcloths
in assorted patterns and
Ivy.league collars in
sizes 6-l8. Sears low
price. 2 for So
the double-knee cord
uroy slacks in assorted
solid colors, self.belt,
4-l2. $40
ttro smaller figures:
boys Fraternity Prep
cotton flannel shirts in
assorted washfast plaids,
convertible collars and
reinforced chest pocket.
Sizes 6-l6. l.33
lotcer figure: boys cot.
ton flannel vestee shirts
are the hit of the sea.
son ;. contrasting col.
or trim, 8 metallic but
tons, washfast assorted
colors. 6-l8. Ch e ck
Sears low price. 1.09
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-12-22

and tool cabinets
He claims most of the shops have
used as a model the shop setup at
Amelia High School. Farmers have
divided their shops into work areas
some have a special room adjoin-
ing. for grease and fabrication
equipment. Most shops are well To-
Gated with gas pump conveniently
nearby.
Wednesday nights during the
school year. county farmers desir-
ing training may come to the vo-
cational agriculture shop at the
school Specialists are on hand TO
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-12-22
Amelia Farmers Find
Model Shop At School

AMELIA. Dec. 81 The county
has made great strides in inprov-
ing farm shops in the last few
years. U. K. Franken. vocational
agricultural teacher at Amelia High
School. said recently They are Of
extra fine quality"
Most every neighborhood has
several spacious shops with an
electric welder as part Of its equip
ment. Many have clever built-in
features. such as a scalding box
for hog killing which is often used
BY neighbors. a retractable ladder
for upstairs storage. storage bins.
racks for hand tools. work benches.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-12-22

ter part Of the week.
Mrs. Lillian West and her % STU
dents sang carols in the bank and
around the village. Thursday. They
are all six year-old beginners and
their classes are conducted in the
bank basement. Observers say they
are making wonderful progress.
Hugh B. Flippen, OF Ashland. visit
ed here Thursday.