davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-03
Sincerely yours. "
George Petrakos

Slow down Immediately when the
first rain or sleet falls, urges the
National Safety Council During the
first few minutes Of a downpour
road surfaces are unusually slick
while the rain washes oil and dirt
away. Even when washed clean.
wet surfaces are more hazardous
than dry roads
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-03

Ninety per cent Of the people who say
they talk too much are accurate
Lauren BecaH, Well-known film person
atty:
Chatter is a very expressive word when
applied to some conversations.
You can always borrow all the money
YOU want when you don't want any
The enthusiasm of salesman is directly
proportionate to his percentage
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-03
Blue Monday

). Supreme OulI amentlng the =. ,. 1olf-
stitution by judicial fiat and striking
telling blow at the sovereignty Of the AZ
states
Blue Monday is February ?. 1859, when
Virginia has surrendered her sovereignty
to the IT, S Supreme Court, through the
leadership of an administration elected TO
protect this sovereignty, and the acquies
cence of a General Assembly, which finds
few fighting for those rights contained in
the Constitution so precious to the people.
black or white, godlike OF goddess. 1t is a
blue Monday for everyone who holds to the
principles Of constitutional government.
The people Of Virginia have spoken with
determination for almost five wears. III
support Of the rights of All men. The de-
Tense has been ON i high plane w. that Of
constitutional government THE present adj
minstratlon MAS elected On he lSsue Of
constitutional defense through maintenance
Of separate schools Il battle-ground chosen
bv those who would change the form Of our
government.
We may close our eyes TO the prlnc1ple
involved, but it will not go away It did not
go away in 1865 when the Confederate
States were overcome by physical force
after four years Of the boodiest fighting
known to history The issue was not settled
Ill.,, a,.;a4 III .ocon.trn..+;a, folln,yad
e. ~ 1l:so,...of,l ,,a,.;o,l.; Il, M annals
Of American history.
.It
vent recurrence Of history
ms Nspape1' mas ~ a2pl2Aie9 - iii'f.'
nave taheh d POSITION aii'i 'lieihi'ai'ie" Il
~ o'tphout- = = eie Oily loSa.loii ~ N0''iN
.t,. ,.;4ls.t
..;s,..sla
p4.. 11a,.9,
~ ~ aiieo, = ~ ''eai r. i,'i H. s.
tempe ~ piaee oi'ft'e ~ di' Y g ''iS "og'
s'ep o. any nlafi. iiiSe M NV pi'ei n
soi'le iaetS'
Prince Edward ountE was CHOSEN m the
NAA0P Tor reasons Weli-khoWn g them AZ
which to bring the key case N this attack
upon the Constitutions The people Of Prince
Edward stood alene III 1922 IN me face 81
an mplementing decision taking away the
schools Of the county The people and their
boards took an affirmative stand. and set
about immediately TO back up their stand
with action Slx hours following the nipple
mentlng decision tae boafd 81 supervisors
.'''Ae" = ',oo'7 ~ '"N iS''ei y ni's i'ee
i,is ~ Ni'i.e Peof''N - q ~. =
~ '''eI 90 80 - E5'''ilNSs. ~
q
'i 80 t''eii N'i'N'' Sii TIT ''N
'eN' '''e' : o'''i' = -" '''e'i
P'e'seo - ~ eAi'
rom mat 'lme uhlH now lhe people q
Prince EaMafo nave hol deVialeo from TINS
saha. .ouft aclloh allef couft acloh has
~ sli'heh .iieii idi'h ~ leiAlseiSes- ~
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-03


localities improvised education for their
children, and for four months have success
fully continued schools for all OF the pupils
in some sections and the ma jority i'll others
The people Of Norfolk in 4 referendum two
months ago voted 3 to 2 to close public
schools in preference to racially mixed
schools. The City Council Of Norfolk, two
weeks ago declared an emergency and with
held funds as of February from schools
being attacked in that city.
1t may be said that the laws referred to
above have been declared unconstitutional
We submit they had not been tested at the.
time they could have been used effectively
and therefore were constitutional.
The people Of Virginia elected the pres
ent administration with complete conf
dence Of their ability and intentions Of in
tefposing these laws in defense Of the SOY
ereignty Of Virginia. In our opinion they
have not been 50 used.
To be sure the federal courts have used
their power to bring Virginia TO its knees,
and it has been said that the Governor ''got
into !; wise Ii this had been true the peo-
pie should have been so informed BY the
administration. On the contrary every pub
lie utterance exuded optimism and conf
dence This news paper defended the admin
istration even in the face Of published re
Pof's r. forthefh magazines ana neWspa-
perS.
o"DN. piue -ioi'"As' WIS people 81 Y II
'''i'' s'''''u stunned e ~ ny comes tna'
s ViSn' has oeei 80 illSea upon
XIII "i'ai ~ -e'leiai power.
lhe General Assembly + stunned. On
'iuaN aver only TWO Gays 81 cohsldera-
tioii' tWo pills were passed through pres
Suie from ihe administration hese bll!s
y Pfae1ical ef1ect undermine the public
Sehool system OF lf2lnia- ! heN are eNpedl-
~ BECAUSE tfeE gave me only nope theo-
ietieallA AGAINST loieed lhlegfatlon III Ar
ilfistof aila NofloiA
Repeal Of the compulsory attendance
laN, relieNeS a parent Of court action If he
refuses to send his child 70 school The Gen
eral Assembly took this action with tongue
IN cheek. a. i matter of expedencv The
hight has begun in Southwest Virginia. and
other parts Of Virginia against this action
i has been the keystone Of Nirgini;t's public
education.
Tuition grants are available to parents
Who refuse to send their children to public
school. provided that the local school
board. the superintendent OF public educa-
ton etc. will approve Iuition Grants With
out schools are Of little value. Parents in
Norfolk and Arlington have been given no
choice today. except no education or jnte-
grated education.
We believe that the educational system
will be reconstructed possibly on a much
better basis than at present. That is the
only bright part Of this entire dark nictn,a
Evolving will be integrated public schools.
with many private schools of various de-
signs and curricula. The natural conse
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1959-02-03

The State Of Virginia followed much the
pattern developed in Prince Edward. AS
attorney general the present Governor. and
a corps of legal talent Ealiantly. but unsuc
cessfully fought for this position from the
beginning in 1851 to 1858. Mr. Almond was
overwhelmingly elected to Nirginia's high
est office in 1857. His campaign was CON
Quoted on basis Of total resistance to the
edicts of the Court in defense Of Nirgnia's
sovereignty.
The General Assembly Of Virginia in
1856 fortified the states position with a
series of laws, popularity known massive
resistance These laws formed a defense in
depth Virginia and Nirginians took posi-
ton Of strength In the application Of these
laws. the present surrender was effected.
Schools were closed progressively in War
rem County. Norfolk, Charlottesville. This
action carried out the Virginia law.
The pupil placement act, has not been
brought into play except in Richmond.
Richmond stands today in its defense upon
this law. It was not used by the present at
torney general, nor the governor to defend
virginia's position.
With schools closed, the tution-grant
program, was deliberately tied up in Vir-
ginia Courts in a friendly suit Of Harrison
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09

ical or military nature. Those attending
were directors for tourism-ot Liechten-
stein (locale for the summit In minia-
ture), Andorra, Monaco and San Marine.
Admitted, as first order of business,
were two additional members-Luxem-
bourg and the Vatican State-with an
invitation extended to the island state
of Sark.
The little countries do indeed pos
sess a variety of tourist attractions
ranging from the Rhineland to Rome,
from the Alps to the Apprentices, from
the Pyrenees to the Mediterranean
Riviera. None has asked admission to
the "atomic club" or been invited to
join either an economic community or
military alliance.
In fact, nobody asks our opinion
about anything" a spokesman explained
cheerily in calling the meeting together,
$50 we are going ahead with our own
plans for advancing the cause of peace
by working for more tourism."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Khrushchev Cleared

The report on Laos from the United
Nations fact-flnding team brings that
murky picture into somewhat clearer
focus, and cautions all of us once again
against jumping to half-baked con-
illusions.
The fact-f1nding team found no
clear evidence to support complaints
from the Laotian government of fla
grant aggression" by North Vietnamese
armed forces. Forty of Al persons inter-
viewed told the fact finders that Laotian
rebels had received help from North
Vietnam in the form of equipment, arms,
ammunition, supplies and political
cadres. Some hand grenadeS, the report
said, appeared to be of Chinese origin.
This is the f1imsy basis which led to
the State Department indictment of the
Communist bloc" in connection with
the fighting in Laos-an indictment
which implied that the Krenflin was
involved 1t is also the flimsy basis on
which some of our more easily excited
politicians called for cancellation of the
invitation to. Mr.. KhruShchev to visit
the United States. But now that the
evidence, to the extent that the fact
finders could ascertain it, has been
made public, there is nothing which even
remotely involves the Soviet Premier
personally, nor is there any substantial
reason to believe that he can be held
responsible, by virtue of his office, for
the Laotian troubles. How silly we would
look now if the invitation had been
cancelled
What is under way in Laos is civil
war, in which the regular government
forces substantially outnumber the
rebels. The latter are getting some help
from North Wet Nam, but it does not
appear to be enough to enable them to
maintain more than guerrilla operations.
In these circumstances we see no justi-
f1cation for armed Intervention by the
United Nations or the United States. II
new evidence should change the picture,
1t may then become necessary to act.
Meanwhile, we could do worse than to
mind our own business. And we might
also bear in mind that it is not neceS-
sarily the business of the United States
to fight the battles of every government
which, for whatever reason, seems less
than eager to fight its own.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Space Race

There have been a number
Of public statements recently
by President Eisenhower, De-
Tense Secretary McElroy, DR..
Herbert York and other high
Government officials justify
ing the reduction in funds for
the Saturn 1.5-million- pound
booster rocket program and
it's transfer to NASA on the
basis that it is of use only in
our civilian space research
program. 1t is explained that
our military programs do not
require rocket engines of this
large size and that the lower
thrust ICBM engine programs
are being funded with "all
the money they can absorb
efficiently"
At the same time it is
we'll known throughout the
missile-space industry, and
published in the technical
journals, that any program
for a manned space vehicle
with capabilities beyond the
low orbits to be achieved in
the Mercury program will
require much larger booster
engines.
This amounts to a clear
and public admission that the
United States Air Force has
not recognized the military
value of manned space We
hicles to the point Of estab-
fishing a military require
ment document which would
lead to funding Of a large
booster engine.
It seems incredible that our
military people continue to
make mistakes of this mag
nitude in the planning of new
weapons systems. The same
type of rt-sightedness al
lowed us to neglect bal
listic hardware development
in the late '40S and up
through 1853 to 1854, while
the Russians were building
improved V-2s and starting
development of their larger
vehicles. Then we had to
initiate several parallel
crash programs" to get back
to the somewhat doubtful
equivalent status with the
Russians in ICBM develop
ment that now prevails.
The USSR already has a
decided advantage in the de-
velopment of the next step In
aero-space weapons systems,
which they apparently be-
lieve will consist of a manned
space vehicle. This is, of
course, the possession of a
well-tested 100000 to 300, 900
pound thrust booster engine,
compared to our largest en-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Buying on Credit

For those who have been putting
out steadily increasing amount OF
their paychecks over the last several
years for installment buying, there is
at least one consolation: You're in good
company. So has most Of the rest of
the Nation. Over the last decade, IN
fact, the volume of credit purchases
has increased at a rate twice as fast
as income, and Americans personal
debt today amounts to more than half
their total "disposable" annual income
(income after taxes)
We are indebted for these statistics
to an analysis by the Wall Street
Journal The fact that credit buying
has gained in popularity is hardly
surprise. But the comparison with in
come demonstrates its true dimensions.
Since 1850, disposable income has
zoomed from $207 billion to $685. billion,
but personal debt over the same period
has risen from 500 billion to $172 billion
of which $124.7 billion is owed in home
mortgages and $479 billion is in such
consumer credit" items as automobile,
washing machine and personal loans.
Despite the increase, few economists
feel the degree of personal debt has
reached the danger limit. A major
factor in their reasoning is that so
much of the debt is in home purchases
an essential expense which may we'll
reflect positive values as compared with
renting. In addition, personal incomes
have increased to the point that more
money is available for optional spend
ing beyond that required for the basic
necessities of life. The cost of all this
credit, nevertheless, is tremendous, eSti-
mated by the Journal analysis to be as
high as Sill billion in annual interest
So billion greater than the interest on
the Federal debt
Perhaps the most interesting facet
of the whole picture, however, is that
personal debt has been increasing in
smaller leaps ever since 1882 So far
this year, the climb in debt and income
has been about the same Whether this
indicates leveling off remains for the
future to reveal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09

polar regions in a balloon.
Expeditions sent in search Of
Andree and his two compan-
ions soon after they took of
by balloon from Danes Is
land, Spitzbergen, in 1897
were unsuccessful. In 1890
a group of men from a sealer
landing on White Island,
some 200 miles south Of Spitz-
bergen. discovered the re-
mains Of the expedition.
@. Does a child have any
of its mothers actual blood?
IN. T.
A. No. In his book, "The
New You and Heredity,"
Amram Scheinfeld discusses
the erroneous old idea that a
child receives parental blood.
and states: "All that, Of
course, has been shattered
by our knowledge that blood
is merely a product of each
individuals body, and that
not even a mother and her
child have a single drop OF
blood in common"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09

to mercileSSly destroy squir-
rels for nibbling on a jonquil
or birds for sitting in trees.
These fine people are protect
ing their property.
The great thinkers of his
tory have preached reverence
for life. The greatest now
living, DR.. Albert Schweitzer,
believes that life is sacred,
and one should not take it
without necessity.
Of what use is it to kill and
destroy life? 1t takes much
courage to be good and kind
and merciful to those that
are smaller, but it takes only
a coward to kill an animal so
much smaller than himself.
Joyce Anita.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09

tremes brings out many ugly
traits.
Nagging, for instance.
1t is only when this trait Is
carried over into everything
a persons says and does that
it becomes ugly, in itself, and
it's results are both unbecom-
ing and helpless.
Then the nagger nags, and
the heart diseases multiply,
and people try to find solace
in psychiatry, which seems
to have very little solace in
it, after all.
-
The serene heart knows no
necessity for nagging.
The owner of such a heart
ought to be able to go
through life without finding
it necessary to needle others
all the time.
Needing others, as the
phrase puts it. is 8 sign OF
something wrong in the hu-
man spirit.
What is it?
The answer is plain:
Such unnecessary jibing Is
a sign of the mob spirit.
The mass mind, the crowd
mind. is the great eternal
enemy of the individual.
You do not have to watch
a mob in action to under
stand this.
Any elevator, in a building
where all know each other
(more or Less, will show you
more than you need to know
about the mob in action.
4 y 4
Watch now, 1t is an In
Structive lesson.
Jimmie gets on. Jimmie Is
touching 40, and so is a bit
fat around the stomach.
John. who has never gained
an ounce in his own 40 years,
says, with a smirk:.
Getting fat. Ell, Jim?"
The point is that everybody
in the elevator laughs, with
John laughing the most, Of
course, and Jimmie not at all.
Nobody, but nobody, thinks
the remark either funny or
clever, but everybody laughs.
And there you have the
mob spirit in action.
The male nagger is the
peacetime leader Of the mob.
We ought to watch out for
him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09

attempted to spread a plague
epidemic into Central China
by parachuting infected rats
fleaS and the like.
Even before World War
II, Germans continued re-
search started earlier. This
work was particularly active
in l930-3l when the depart
ment for war poisons in the
Ministry Of the Air Force
was directed to assume also
research on the prospects for
using bacteria. In l943 on
orders from Gen. Keitel q
separate committee was
formed to study problems Of
protection against biological
agents. In the same year the
institute in Posen conducted
research on dissemination by
planes Of microbic emulsions
and harmful insects.
U. S. Started Late
THE United States asserts,
on its part, that It's research
started only after informa-
ton had been received about
preparations of Germany and
Japan. Since then very large
sums have been appropriated
for these projects. 1t is be-
lieved that the USSR gives
much attention to problems
connected with use Of biologi-
cal agents, for which reason
they allegedly built an ex-
perimental station somewhere
on the coast of the Caspian
Sea Immediately after the
end Of World War II.
1T can be concluded that
If these agents have been
used it has been so far on q
modest scale and most prob
ably for experimentation. 1t
is difficult to say why both
belligerentS did not use them
in World War II. 1t is most
probable that the Germans
because Of their geographic
position and dense popula-
ton were afraid Of reprisals.
The Allies believed that they
could win the war with clas-
steal weapons.
Enormous quantities Of
agents are essential for sue
cessful launching of biologi-
cal attacks. However, Scien-
tific accomplishments of to-
day make it possible to pro-
duce these agents in sufficient
quantities and preserve them
until the moment of their
use. Even if it were known
which contagious germs the
enemy intends to use and II
effective vaccine exists 1t
would be very difficult to Or
ganize vaccinations for cities
with millions of Inhabitants"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Dance Discord

1t Is exceedingly distressing
to read in both the American
and foreign press reports of
the treatment accorded the
Bayanihan dance company
by unionized musicians. This
dance group, which opened in
New York on october Is, is
composed of college students
who organized two years ago
to conduct research on Fill
Pine culture, to collect and
preserve the art forms of the
Philippines in music and art,
and to show aspects of Phil
ippine culture abroad. The
dancers are accompanied by
musicians of their troupe
playing such instruments as
drums, sticks, gongs, and
noSe-f1uteS.
During their New York APP
pearance, Musicians Local
802 ruled that this nonprofit
company, who hoped only to
meet expenses on their tour
of the United States, must
hire Is American musicians
at an approximate cost of
$4,000 per week to comply
with union regulations. None
of these American musicians
were to play a note for re-
ceiving this salary, which is
rather handsome pay for do
ing nothing.
1 am indignant that union
lied labor in the United
States exercises its power to
embarrasS and deprive tall
ented foreigners who wish
primarily to further under
standing of their culture and
who have been received en-
Enthusiastically by the Amer
lean public. I protest this
outrage of decency and ira
ditional hospitality, and I
strongly urge that the Must
clans Union be forced to
withdraw their action and
make restitution to the Bay
anihan dance company.
Phyllis A. DanielsOn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Hope for the Pact

The agreement reached by Cover
nors Almond of Virginia and TaWeS
of Maryland strengthens hope that
the stalled Virginia Maryland Potomac
River fishing pact eventually will replace
a controversial 1875 compact Under the
agreement reached at an amiable meet
ing here, Virginia will suspend further
legal action against Maryland, pending
a November, 1860, referendum in Mary
land on the proposed treaty. Mean
while, Governor TaweS has promised
to urge the voters in his State to sup
port the pact-which already has been
approved by the Legislatures of both
States.
All of this will be reported to former
Justice Stanley Reed of the Supreme
Court on November 1.-THE date set
for progress" report on negotiations
between the two States Justice Reed is
striving to effect an out-of-court settle
ment of Virginia's suit in the Supreme
Court contesting Maryland'S reputation
of the 1875 compact This old document
gave Maryland sole control of fishing
rights on the Potomac source Of
friction and recurrent warfare" be-
tween Maryland officers and Virginia
oystermen.
The new compact would create a
bi-State commission which would regu-
late all fishing on the river. But for
petition submitted to Governor TaWes
by voters in Southern Maryland coun-
ties along the river, the compact would
be in effect today. The petition, how
ever, forced suspension of the plan until
the States voters have had a chance to
express their views on it in next years
election. Governor Tawes and other
hackers of the new compact will have
to arouse general public support for the
agreement if it is to be assured of final
adoption, however
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-11-09
Freedom to Give

The United Givers Fund
campaign in Government
agencies in this area gives
cause for concern about the
future of our heretofore
greatly priced freedom of the
individual. 1t seems that the
collection of this money is
considered to justify what
ever means are necessary to
get it.
One administrator of a
service in the Department of
Agriculture even wrote a let
ter appointing all division
directors assistant chairmen
and directed them to make
all branch and section heads
similarly responsible. The
automatic result would be
that each employees super
visor would be a UGF key
man."
Many Government en-
ployes who do not wish to
give the Stereotyped amount
allocated to them feel that
because of the pressure they
really have little choice. They
feel hopelessly trapped. One
is bewildered by the SEEM
ingly great humanitarians
who seem not to have this
quality when dealing with the
people who work for them.
If the only reason for Civ
ing is a true desire on the
part of the individual to do
so, then what is this pro-
cedure in question? When
asked about the methods
used to collect for UGF, one
administrative officer said:
IF we didn't do it that way
a lot Of people wouldn't give"
OF course he was right, but it
would be much more nearly
what the individuals really
want to do. 1t would be free
dom of the individual.
ArIen ID. Keeling.