davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Steel Profits

The net earnings Of the United
States Steel Corporation for the first six
months of this year are not "aStronom-
ical," as charged BY David ]. Mcdonald,
president of the United Steel Workers,
whose 100000 members have been on
strike for two weeks. But they are very
substantial indeed-almoSt $255 million
and roughly double the net profits for
the frSt six months of last year.
At least two factors enter into this.
One is the 1858 recession which cut into
profits And the other is heavy stockpile
buying this year by steel users in an
ticipation of the strike. But when full
weight is given to these considerations,
the fact remains that this profit record
is going to hurt the steel industry in its
battle with the union for a favorable
position in the court of public opinion.
The industry, through its Spokes-
men, says it is trying to combat the in
flationary preSSureS which grow out of
ever-increaSing wages and prices. This
is most desirable objective. On the
basis of its profit position in the first
six months of this year, however, it
would seem that the industry could have
granted modest wage increase without
increasing prices, assuming that the
union would have settled for a modest
increase, or, as an alternative, could
have made some reduction in prices.
The current industry position has
been set forth by Roger M. Blough, chair
man of United States Steel. He says
that his corporation will not increase
the general level of steel prices in the
foreSeeable future unless it is forced into
an involuntary settlement of the steel
strike. This appears to be another way
of saying that his industry is prepared
to take long strike, with all of its losses,
unless the Government steps in and
forces a settlement which results in
higher wage costs without offSetting
economies In that situation, we gather,
Mr.. Blough is serving notice that the
higher costs will be compensated for
through price boosts.
Just what will come of all this de-
ponds upon the relative staying power
of the industry and the union. It can
hardly be doubted, however, that the
unions position, for the moment at
least, has. been bolStered by U. S. Steel'S
profit report-$255 million, or 1912 cents
on each dollar of sales.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Home Rule Battle

1t is interesting that Mr..
Nixon's visit to Siberia was
simultaneous with the trip
made by many Washingto-
mans to the Capitol of our
United States. These residents
of the District were petition
ing for representation. AS the
only voteless residents in the
free world, they were trying
to make their situation known
to Congress.
At the first House District
Committees home rule hear
ings in a decade, Representa-
tive Davis claimed that the
citizens present were public
ity seeking groups" AS I
walked past the many tired
and forlorn people waiting in
the hallway outside the hear
ing room, I did not notice any
publicity seeking groups" I
saw only weary Washingo-
mans trying to show an in
terest in this city's affairs.
Is it so odd that these citi-
zens Of a democracy want a
vote when many Of their sons,
brothers, and husbands have
given their lives to preserve
this democracy?
Vivian L. Turner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Proqress-Not Delay

At hearing the other day on Wash
ington's 914-acre Northwest urban re-
newal program, there was an absence Of
public sympathy and support for the
entire urban renewal process which
should be matter of sharp concern to
redevelopment and other city officials.
1t is to be expected in any of the
slum- clearance programs that opposition
will develop around specific proposals.
Such controversy is beneficial, and leads
to constant Improvements in the finally
adopted plans The disturbing aspect Of
the Northwest hearing, however, was
that opposition was not confined to de-
tails of the project but reflected dis
trust of the whole idea. Typical Of this
attitude was proposal, made by attor-
ney William Hannah, representing
Washington Board of Trade committee,
that the Northwest project should be
postponed until redevelopment in the
Southwest section of the city is "7O per
cent completed"
We think this was unWiSe and I'M
justified. The two projects have nothing
in common. The Northwest program will
displace far fewer people and is far less
drastic than the Southwest undertaking.
1t is made up of number of small
projects, which should proceed indie
pendently as fast as possible. The mere
fact that this delay in the Northwest
could be proposed by responsible COM
munity group, however, is Symptomatfc
of a serious absence of confidence in
urban renewal, which officials should
make every effort to rectify.
The origin of this attitude clearly is
in the intolerable SlowneSS of the South
west program, where block after block
Of former slumS, now vacant, are grow
ing up in weeds. Mr.. Hannah is not the
first to complain of the ghost town"
streets, where long promised reconstruc-
ton never seems to take place.
1t is easy to complain, of course, and
most citizens realize that tremendous
difficulties have plagued the Southwest
efforts. But there comes a, time when
further delays are indefensible, and that
point has been reached in the Southwest.
Progress there must be stepped up, not
only to restore the Southwest, but to
provide tangible proof Of the benefits
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Russian Says Venus Is Never Dark,
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

earth's seventh continent.
Bottoms Of the seas will be
farmed intensively. There
will be great glass cities one
Mars.
These are a few predic-
Gtions Of Russian scientists.
The moon predictions are
attributed to an astronomer
named Yuri Khlebtsevich.
Flights to the moon and
return" che says. will be
commonplace by the end Of
the goth century. By the 2lst
century the moon will be-
come, so to speak, the
seventh continent 0of our
planet and exploitation Of
its natural resources will be
in progress. The next gen2
Grafton Of scientists must
study the geology and me-
teorology Of the moon and
Mars and the physics Of
Venus seas. Attempts to
reach Jupiter, Saturn, Ora
nus and Pluto with radio
controlled rockets will be
made at the beginning Of the
2lst century.
Lunar Station Near
1.-THE time is not far of
when a manned lunar scien-
tif1c station will be built.
First, in all probability there
will be a mobile laboratory
controlled by radio from the
earth. Travelling over the .
surface of the moon, this
station will continuously
transmit television pictures
of the adjacent territory and
conduct research on the soil,
temperature and atmosphere.
A similar laboratory could
also be sent to Mars"
DR.. V. A. Kotelnikov, di-
rector of the Soviet Academy
of Sciences, foresees the de-
velopment of radio engineer
ing to the point where it
will be possible to transmit
sufficient energy through a
beam of high frequency
oscillations to operate air.
plane motors. A similar
beam, he says, might be used
as a means of DETECTING
meteorites from the paths
of space craft.
Lev Tenkevich, president
of the academy's section on
oceanography says the the
21st century will see the
growth of sea-bottom farm
ing. The ocean is richer in
nutritive substances than the
earth, he says. The biologi-
cal efficiency of marine plants
is about 100 percent, COM
pared to S or 6 percent for
some plants on land,
N. Varvarov, astronautics
chief of the academy, pre-
diets that glass cities with
artificial atmospheres, con-
tanning all the substances
needed by living organisms,
will rise on the nearer
planets. The first glass city,
he says probably will appear
on the moon by the year
1000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31

We have had lore reports,
we believe, of catbirds stand
ing on peoples hands than
Knockers doing the same.
After all, it takes two for
this. and there probably is
in some persons a sort Of
strange electric influence cas-
lily felt by birds.
Many species will come
right to the hand of such
people: whereas others, who
love the birds no less, will
never have a bird, even a
friendly mocker, come closer
than 2 feet.
There are, of course, mock
erS and Knockers.
Some of them do sing all
night, really.
Ihey just love to sing.
Sometimes even on dark
nights a few birds will sort
of Groom to themselves.
The Knockers then sing soft
~, in the usual way, but
muted. as if they had cotton
in their bills.
Finest of this subdued bird
music, however, is that of the
common sparrowS. These are
seldom given the praise they
deserve. Their persistence in
life, a major point, is often
held against them. But &C
tually they are nice little
birds, clean when they have
the opportunity to be, as en-
the suburbs, and pleasant
singers.
Their singing is rather cho-
raj in nature. The old mocker
is a Soloist. but the sparrows
like to sing together, except
in those night sessions, when
now one, now another, will
softly murmur with half
closed bill, as if half afraid to
utter the praise of life that
wells from their hearts. In
this hour, bird and listener
become one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
SPANS New Look

I should like to congratu-
late you on your editorial,
New Chapter for Spain" 1t
is objective because indirectly
it recognizes the fact that for
many long years Spain re-
ceived no economic aid for
industrial and agricultural
development, while OF tn err
countries were in receipt Of
United States assistance. The
editorial is also constructive
because it is not based on
stirring up ancient memories,
but on the friendly co-opera-
ton and understanding be-
tween Spain and the United
States.
The auSterity plan for
economic sterilization of my
government may cause some
SOCIAL unrest during the first
few years. but, as your
editorial said, will also pave
the way for a great improve
ment in the material we'll
being Of all the Spanish
people.
Many Of our economic
difficulties have been growth
troubles, in themselves an
encouraging sign.
Industrial expansion has
been impressive in recent
years. There was an average
increase in output of 10 per
cent per annum between
1850 and 1858. The big in
creaseS have taken place in
power generation (both hydro
and thermaD, metallurgy, and
in the chemical and engi-
neering industries. The aver
age annual income is $346,
compared with $3.50 per per-
son before the war.
The economic aid received
from the United States since
the military agreements were
signed with Spain in 1858
has stimulated a building
boom in Madrid and helped
revitalize SPANS industrial
plan. For this my country is
sincerely grateful to the
American people.
Jose Maria de Areilza,
Ambassador of Spain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Paying for Indigents'

In a constructive editorial,
Paying for Indigents," The
Star agrees that the commu-
nifty, and not our deficit
spending nonprofit hospitals,
should pay the difference OF
Sll.50 between actual costs
of hospitalizing indigents ana
the conf1scatory discount the
city of Alexandria demands.
The Star argues: Why make
nonprofit enterprise, phlan-
throphy and bankrupt tax
payers underwrite the social
welfare default of the state?
Surely the bankrupt taxpayer
has no duty to reverse the
general welfare dictum which
REQUIRES the state to meet
and honor it's lawful commit
ments. And this is especially
true when the state operates
identical facilities, destruc-
lively competing with nom
profit enterprise for the same
health security dollar and
the same inadequate man
power pool Of doctors, nurses
and technicians. The state
in this instance is driving
nonprofit private enterprise
and private philanthropy to
the wall by conflscatory de-
mands. And, in so doing will
only increase demands on its
own facilities, now in tragic
and disgraceful default.
Surely the time has come
for the overwhelmed taxpayer
to ask: Why should it be the
responsibility of the state to
deliver babies and to treat
short-term medical and sur
gical health security needs?
Is it not time to say to the
rapidly expanding bureauc-
racy of the state that it
must limit it's Jurisdiction to
services the community has
no duty to provide? This is
the control of communicable
disease and the cuStodial care
of the mentally ill and help
less aged indigents. The
things the indiviSible purse of
the community itself provides
for itself should not become
the costly duplication OF the
state already in tragic de-
fault of its mandatory well
fare commitments.
Thomas E. Mattingly, MD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Teachers Poy

We have read with interest
the letter by Citizen" ap-
plauding the remarks of DR..
Elkins. The author employs
the common avenue of criti-
cism of teachers by quoting
a problem but carefully
avoiding the obvious solu-
tion-improved salaries.
How else can a school dis
trict improve education with
out improving the physical
plant, equipment facilities,
administration and instruc-
ton? All of this can be pur-
chased. Attractive salaries
will assure that competent
personnel not only enter but
remain in the teaching pro-
fession. No citizen should lg-
more the fact that more stu
dents receive more education
per dollar value today than
ever before in the history of
our Nation. What better cri-
terra exists to show the pub
lie the quality of modern ed
ucation? For lone who is
working in cooperation with
teachers and their efforts"
the author writes as though
he is uniformed on the sub
ject.
Education is like the
weather. Everyone talks
about it but nobody does any,
thing about it. How does an
employer obtain and retain
good personnel without i'm
proving salaries and bene-
fits? We feel that we are for
tunate to be members of a
profession that continues to
be devoted to a principle de-
spite meager monetary re-
turns.
George w. PurviS,
John r. Pancella.
Pennsylvania . Science
Teachers.
Dunbar, Pa. o %
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Link for 240

I have followed with pro-
found amazanent the long
and tortuous attempts to
bring Route $40, together
with the many interlocking
roads, into the downtown
area. Even a casual under
standing of the tremendous
and rapidly growing popula-
ton served by this network
of roads would indicate the
urgent need to arrive at a
prompt solution.
Only one best route exists.
That would be the one fol-
lowing Rock Creek Park and
Potomac Parkway. The only
objection by the various
planners appears to be the
loss of park area. wy
To bring a modern high
Z, way through this area would
not, require more than 1875
acres or about 6 per cent of
the total park area. The
modern road could easily and
economically be depressed
and screened so that it
would not, in any way, dam
age either adjoining residen-
tial areas or the park. Plans
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31

On Venus there Isl lurni-
nous darkness.
The starless, moonless
night sky Of the nearest
neighbor planet is so times
brighter than that OF the
earth. . O
The earth's night sky has
a similar kind OF light due
to delayed fuminescence Of
oxygen isotopes, but it is so
diffuse it cannot be dis
cerned by the naked eye, al.
though actually its total is
greater than the light of all
the stars. 1t can be detected,
however. with astronomical
instruments and its spec
trum, ogiving clues to its orr
gin recorded. o
Sickle Moons Dark Side
These are the contentious
Of Dr.. N. A. Kozyrev, direc-
= tor Of the Crimean Astro-
physical Observatory, &C
cording to a translation Of
an abstract Of his report just
issued by the Commerce De-
partmef1t. He claims to have
obtained photographs of the
spectrum Of Venus dark
side"
The Russian astronomer
explains: when we observe
the moon in the form of a
sickle, it is also possible to
see all its darkened side.
This phenomenon, in astron-
omy, is called 'ashen light
The darkened side of the
moon is Illuminated by the
earth rejecting the light of
the sun.
Venus passes through the
same phases in changing its
form as the moon. When
this planet is observed in the
form of a sickle, astronomers
note the appearance of the
darkened side-that is, the
ashen light.
But there is no satellite
near this planet. So the
nature of Venus light must
be different. 1t should be
pointed out that this light
sometimes is unnoticeable
while sometimes it can be
seen very well.
IT have succeeded in es-
tablishing that the ashen
light can be explained by the
luminescence of the outer
layer of Venus atmosphere
similar to the way the night
sky Of the earth is illumi-
mated. Photographs of the
spectrum of Venus darkened
side show that the illumina-
ton is so times brighter than
the earth's at night. No signs
Of oxygen, however, were
detected by analyses of the
photographs. 1t is known that
the principle illumination of
the earth is due to the pres
ence of oxygen. On Venus
the illumination of nitrogen
molecules, such as we have in
the aurora. was detected. A
number of bands of unknown
origin also were discovered"
\ y
The moon will be the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Wage Comparison

Mr.. Blamberg, a research
scientist, said his starting
salary would be about $4,000
per, annum. This is for a94O-
hour week. The steel worker
, he referred to gets $1,000
for a 48zhour week. q. This
amounts to about $154 a week
40 hour for the scientist
and about $3.50 a week. (48
hour for0the steel worker.
Further, this is starting pay
for the scientist whereas the
steel worker started years ago
and is at his maximum salary.
Raymond Howard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31

@. How old are baby song
birds when they leave the
nest pernRnently?-E: K. IL
A. The age depends on the
species, and on the location
of the nest. WrenS and blue
birds, which nest in 0holes,
may be is to Is days old
when they finally fly away
from home. Birds which have
open nests may leave when
they are08 to 10 days old.
even before they can fly. Their
legs and toes are we'll devel-
oped and they usually take
cover in low shrubs, and then
learn to fly.
a. When did the salute OF
81 guns become interna-
tional cuStom?-G. B.
A. The practice began in
Great Britain and was grad
ually adopted by all nations.
The United States officially
recognized it in 1875.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TRACEWELL

Has anyone lost a pet
mockingbird?
So inquiries B. r. H. of 41st
street, who writes:
THE young man who was
disturbed by the song of the
mockingbird is, no doubt, in
his early 30s, comes home
toward morning, and loves
the yowling of modern jazz.
HE also is exaggerating
and false timing. The mocker
doesn't sing all night. In
fact. I have never heard it
around here later than 10
o'clock, and he doesn't sing
much any more except in the
daytime.
THE mating time is over.
He is a remarkable come
dian and full of fun in his
limitations. Can you hear
me, can you hear me?' If
the young man would Listen
to the Mockingbird,' he might
learn something.
X X 4
What has always an
gered me about Knockers is
their self1shness in keeping
other birds from feeding
stations where there is no
food it eats.
This summer, however, a
mocker has been hanging
around here of a totally diff
ferent nature.
HE or she never keeps
other birds away from the
feeding boards.
I'm fact, they fly at him,
particularly robins and car
dinals.
HE isn't afraid, but flies
to a short distance away till
they get their food and then
comes in close to me for two
raiSins.
After eating two, no
more, he leaves until the
next feeding time, when he
asks for and gets two more
raisinS.
Besides singing, he can
count, and is no pig.
He always stands on the
boards close to me and lis
tens attentively when I talk
to him as though accustomed
to it.
MY guess is he was
brought up by humans.
Has any one lost a pet
mocker?"
y *.&
il. The chances are that this
is just a bird that is playing
BOTH sides of2 the street.
Someone across the way
has been kind to it, so that
it expects other people to
be kind to it.
These birds are particu-
larly susceptible to human
Establishments, and will re-
spond, even if right out of
the forests.
1t is not to be wondered
atD that mockingbifd$ used
to suburban life find it easy
to accept people.
They have tried it, and
7flnd it werkS.
The catbird is another
friendly fellow. In fact. some
bird lovers feel that this
species is even more friendly
than the mockingbird.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31

are already under consider
alton for the suitable tunnel
to bypass the Zoo.
Observer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31

Of urban renewal in order to stimulate
Improvements in the Northwest and
elsewhere.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-31
Answers to Questions
By THE HASKINS SERVICE

A reader can get an answer. by
mail, to any question of fact ny
writing The Star Information Bu-s
reaU 635' F street Now Washington
age or self-addressed stamped
envelope
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-02
Hannah Curves
| Farther From
Atlantic Coast

Hurricane Hannah. losing a
little steam but still dangerous
to any ship in its path. curved
northeast Of Bermuda today,
we'll away from the Atlantic
Coast.
At 6 am. (EDT) reconnais-
sance planes located the hurri-
cane about $50 miles east
northeast Of Bermuda and 420
miles east-southeast Of Cape
Hatteras. N. C.
The. center of the storm still
packed 1875 miles per hour
winds, and winds of hurricane
force extended outward 20
miles on the northeastern side
and IS miles to the southwest.
The Weather Bureau said
Hannah had decreased slightly
in size and intensity and a
further very gradual decrease
would continue through the
day. The storm was expected
to curve more to the northeast
In about IL hours.
However the Weather Bu-
reau advised New England
shipping interests to keep
posted on later advisories.
The Air Force yesterday tried
q new wrinkle In keeping track
of hurricanes. A Bermuda
based plane dropped a radio
beacon balloon into Hannah's
eye. or quiet center.
The beacon functioned for
about six hours, indicating the
balloon remained in the calm
center during that time. The
balloon was set to destroy itself
after a time to remove any
possible hazard to aircraft.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-02
Kennedy BeIittIes
Comp David Talks
AS UnreuIistic

ROCHESTER. N. Y, Oct. 2
(AP).-Senator Kennedy, DEM
ocrat of Massachusetts,, says
the Eisenhower Khrushchev
Camp David talks produced
nothing tangible, enforceable
or essential to the achievement
of our foreign policy objec-
tives."
Addressing 1000 persons at
a Democratic rally here last
night. he said Americans can
not let themselves be lulled
into thinking that Mr.. Khru-
shchev's visit settled any East
West differences
He said no agreement on nu-
clear testing or OIL Berlin was
reached and warned that "as-
surances of future talks are
not assurances of success" in
dealing with the Russians.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-02
Job Gains in 10 Cities
Cut Critical List to IS

months. It said job gains
slowed during recent weeks,
however, because Of the steel
strike.
The survey showed that
areas now classed as having
less than 6 per cent unem-
ployment account for IS per
cent of the employment in the
14o major labor markets.
Detroit and Charleston, w.
Va, were upgraded from a
9-12 per cent unemployment
group to the 60 per cent cate
CORY. r.
Among 10 smaller areas with
substantial labor surplus re-
moved from the over 6 per
cent unemployment rating was
Cambridge, Md.