davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
Worker Class Found Disappearing
As Employed People Grow in Status


cepts fitted it. (But when
ever we salute great and
courageous men, do not omit
Schumacher
I'm this second industrial
revolution" said Mr.. Putz-
rath, "the owner has about
disappeared. Today, we have
the hired, professional man
ayers and the stockholders.
The British and Russians
have shown us that nation
alization creates a ponderous
bureaucracy which is not eff
ficient. The Russians have
had to decentralize because
of this. They must do even
more. We need new images
and directions. :"
The German Socialists
were overwhelmed by DR..
Adenauer.
In 1852 and 1856 American
labor learned it, too, needed
new images and new direc-
lions. 1t had lost political
power at the ballot box. The
recent AFL-CIO convention
at San Francisco revealed
apathy, bitterness and irrita-
ton on the part of leader
ship.
Now we have the anatomy
of the political murder of the
British Labor Party. 1t had
striven earnestly for new
images and new directions.
1t did not talk of national
ization, but of parliamentary
controls of key industries
steel included. 1t employed
television and campaigned
with a polished appeal to
reaSon-not prejudice-offer-
ing more pensions and lower
taxes. The people we're not
enchanted.
Trade unioniSm in all the
free world - America in
cluded-has not quite learn
ed that it has won the vic
tory for which the pioneers
starved, suffered and died.
Many of the men and women
who remember the old sweat
shop days, and the company
thugs who terrorized coal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
President Luuds
Newspaper Boys

President Eisenhower says
the Nations 100000 newspaper
boys and girls strengthen two
of our most cherished tradi-
tons: The freedom of the
American press, and the oppor-
tunities of American citizen
ship"
In a statement issued yes
terday in connection with Ma
tional Newspaper Week, the
President told the newspaper
carriers:
With your help, our news
papers are swiftly distributed
to the homes and working
places of our people. With your
earnings and experience, you
are better able to prepare your
selves for careers of your
choice.
Il am delighted to wish you
well"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17

More dangerous than the
Russian missiles and Luniks
is the thinking of a sub
stantial number of American
policymakers that after dis
carding the histrionics in
Soviet Premier Khrushchev's
public behavior you will find
him a man whose main inter-
est is in building up the Rus
sian empire more or less in
the same manner as Peter
the Great.
Mr.. Khrushchev, so the
thinking of certain inf1uen-
tial personages goes. is fun
damentally a man of peace.
Because of his position in
the Communist world he
must appear loudly agrees
sive. But given a real chance,
such as a successful summit
meeting in which the West
is willing to meet him more
than halfway, he may be-
come a constructive leader
willing to cooperate to ward
off wars in the future.
The danger in this think
ing, particularly if it spreads
throughout the Nation, is
twofold: We eventually may
be induced to let down our
guard both in military ~eadi-
ness and by political appease-
ment; and we may be inf1u-
enced in 1860 to select a
President who might have
gained the reputation that
he can get along with Khru-
Shchev." In other words,
domestically we may elect a
politician because he has
been proclaimed by Mr.. Khru-
shchev as the one with
whom he can reach a lasting
understanding.
The latter development is
less likely to occur, although
we have seen public opinion
react in such a way as to
catapult politicians into the
presidential hopeful category
when before they received
the Khrushchev accolade
they had aSpred mostly to
the vice presidency.
The danger of being lulled
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
2GI-CIod Bundits Get
AT PuyroII in Bermuda

HAMILTON, Bermuda, Oct.
II (AP).-Two armed men in
CT uniforms yesterday held up
a payroll messenger carrying
$4,000 to Kindley Air Force
Base.
The men stopped the mes
senger on his way from a local
bank to the United States base
and took the payroll at gun
point.
1t was understood that the
FBI was invited in to aid in the
search for the bandits.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Thinking of Some U. S. PoIicymokers
Held More Dangerous Than Missiles

militarily and politically into
a Red trap is serious. 1t hap
pened to nations more ex-
perienced than ours in the
past. For instance, after
World War and particu-
larly after the advent of Hit
Ter in Germany, Britain dis
mantled her defenses under
the administrations of Bald
win, Macdonald and Cham
berlain. When Hitler struck,
the heroiSm of her people
made up for the gullibility
and wishful thinking of her
leaders.
Had it not been for the
logged persistence of the
rank and file, Britain might
have gone under despite the
inspired leadership of Win
ston Churchill whose earlier
warnings of danger during
the good days of peace, trade
and disarmament confer
ences under the wing of the
League of Nations were be-
ing ignored by the parties in
office.
And even today when a
modern" conservative gov
eminent is in Office, Britain'S
military power has been re-
duced to a point where her
defense forces are practically
negligible. Britain is an i'm
portant member of the
NATO, AS such she can count
on the immediate assistance
of the other members, includ-
ing the United States, in the
event of aggression against
her. Yet last spring when
Prime Minister Macmillan
visited Washington after his
Today talk with Mr.. Khru-
Shchev in Moscow he told a
group of Senators that we
must attend a summit meet
ing with the Russian dictator
because he did not wish to go
to his sovereign and tell her
that millions of women and
children may have to be
evacuated from England"
Mr.. Khrushchev had told
him that the British Isles
would be his first target.
Except in a few isolated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17

Al Soviet newsmen," were issued
press credentials by the State
Department.
He noted that supplying
planes, railroad cars, buses, au-
tomobiles. hotel reservations,
baggage handling, photograph
ers' stands and press room was
immensely complicated" when
the Soviet planners for Mr..
Khrushchev did not make firm
itineraries until the last possible
moment.
The problem of mass news
coverage of important events,
Mr.. Berding said, is lone the
Government by itself cannot
solve it can only be solved,
if at all. by agreement among
the media representatives"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
BY DAY THORPE
Star Music Critic

National Symphony Orchestra,
Howard Mitchell, conductor. Assist
ing artists: Howard University Choir,
Warner Lawson, director. At Con-
stitution Hall, $50 pm. Program:
Estancia BALLET GinaSterea; Appala-
chan Spring, Copland Chores No.
10, Villa-Lobos: Symphony in A.
Opus 90, Beethoven.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
u. S. Aids Wet Nam

The United States agreed
yesterday to provide Wet Nam
with $35O,000 toward the cost
of a nuclear research reactor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-10-17
Varied Events to Mark
United Nations Week

District Commissioner Robert E. Mclaughlin declared to-
morrow through next Saturday be United Nations Week
proclamation presented yesterday Philip Talbot chairman
of the District Citizens Committee U. N Day and Week.
Special events throughout the District will honor the u
Eleanor Roosevelt has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29

themselves. other businesses, however,
have done splendid Job, both in aiding
their employees to give through payroll
deduction plans and In making sub
stantial Arm gifts.
This year a reorganized super"
business unit will devote special atten-
ton to the business community. known
as the Metropolitan Unit, 1t will COM
bine the activities of the former Bust
ness Unit, the former Residential Unit
and the former Metropolitan Unit.
Door-to-door residential campaigning
will be curtailed In favor of concerted
drive to reach all business Arms and
their employees. OF course, the usual
solicitation of Federal workers will be
continued by the Government Unit,
which already has begun its campaign.
The business and governmental units
thus will have the responsibility of
reaching a majority Of the givers.
Theirs will not be an easy task, for the
goal is $7133, 00O-$463, 900 more than
was raised In 1858. If predrive enthu-
siasm of the volunteer workers is any
criterion, however, the goal should be
attained.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
Voice of Approval

From the outset Of the admins
tration's determined campaign to curb
inflationary pressures, both President
Eisenhower and Secretary Of Treas
ury Anderson have emphasized that for
eign confidence in the dollar and in
American fiscal policies is one Of the es-
Sential and basic considerations. There
are, in simplest terms, both moral and
practical reasons why this confidence
must prevail-for our own welfare as
well as that Of the free world at large.
If our position of leadership in the
free community is to be maintained, one
Of the requirements is demonstration
of fiscal integrity on the part Of our
Government. Indifference to budget
deficits, to top-heavy expansion Of credit
or to other imprudent fiscal policies
would be viewed abroad as default of
our responsibility to keep our own
house in order.
On the practical side, such default
on our part could lead to really dan
gerous consequences. For months past
we have been running an unfavorable
balance of payments-spending more
abroad than we have received. AS for
eign governments and financial institu-
lions built up increasing dollar balances,
they have made steady demands for
conversion of these dollars into gold.
Up to now, authorities believe this call
upon our gold supply has been mott
waited largely by the desire Of foreign
governments to build up the gold re-
serves for their own currencies-that it
has not reflected a serious lack Of conf
dence in the dollar itself. If this lack Of
confidence should materialize, however,
the run on gold could endanger our own
reserves and force some form of restric-
ton on gold exports.
Against this background, 1t is en-
couraging that Per Jacobson, manag-
ing director of the International None
tary Fund, has expressed the opinion
that confidence in the dollar abroad
currently is increasing, not falling.
And, significantly, Mr.. Jacobson at
tributes this trend to approval of our
Governments policies Of restricting
credit and seeking to balance the Fed
eral budget.
AS the chief executive of an inter-
national organization, Mr.. Jacobson
has been both courageous and frank
in voicing his judgment on our fiscal
policies. His qualifications are good
ones, and his views should be welcomed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
JuywuIkers

In The Star Of Sept. Is I
read an article. Training at
Home Urged to Curb Child
Car Deaths"
I noted especially the first
two suggestions: /. Set good
pedestrian examples for chill
dren. 2. Teach children to
cross streets only at inter-
sections after waiting for sig
nal lights and looking both
ways for turning traffic.
What good will such home
training do so long as every
day, in every section of town,
children see adults cross
against lights? Children do
as you do, not as you say.
A policeman once told me
he didn't think there was
any traffic light that lasted
over a minute. Whose BUSH
ness is so important that he
Tor she. can't wait a minute
for a light to change? Even
II no child is visible on the
sidewalk at the time, one
may be watching from a dis
lance. Even though the street
is clear Of traffic, crossing
against the light is breaking
an ordinance. and every little
law broken makes a larger
one 4eem less of a crime.
The traffic lights are not
symbols Of oppression and
tyranny. but are regulations
for the safety Of drivers and
pedestrians,
Faith Bradford.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
Last Try in Steel

In calling steel industry and union
leaders to the White House tomorrow
Tor separate conferences, the President
has served notice that he intends ito
use every conceivable personal and off,
cial influence available to me to break
the impaSSe."
The indication Is that Mr.. EiSen-
hover will have to rely more on personal
than official influence. The latter pre-
sumably refers to invocation of the
Taft-Hartley Act, with its 80-day "cool-
Ing of" injunction. But this statute has
always been very much in the back
ground, and its prospective use has not
seemed to spur either party to serious
give-and-take negotiations.
So the President, we suppose, really
is banking on strong personal appeal
addressed directly to the responsible
union and industry heads. This may be
effective if there is a genuine desire on
each side to reach settlement. But
there has been little evidence of such
desire, and it is difficult to see how a
dispute which has begged down in futile
negotiations for II days can be resolved
In the few days which remain before 1t
win become imperative to fall back on
the Taft-Hartley law
x, Nevertheless, the President obvi-
lously felt that the effort had to be made.
For our part, we have doubted and con-
tinue to doubt the wisdom of direct
presidential intervention. Whether with
wisdom or otherwise, however, Mr.. Ell
Senhower has taken the plunge, and
we hope it will serve to pry the negotia-
tons of dead center and bring the
warning parties together.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
'Okoy'

During his visit among us, the
indefatigable Premier Khrushchev APP
parently took a liking to the expression
"okay"-a rather vague but sturdy col
loquialism denoting approval of persons,
things or events Of every kind and de-
scription. So it is interesting, and pos
sibly even significant, that this was one
Of the first words he called out to his
cheering countrymen as he emerged
from his plane to receive a heros well
come on his return to Moscow.
In this instance, of course, "okay"
could cover wide variety Of meanings,
but we like to think that the Soviet
leader, in giving voice to it, was referring
primarily to his travels in the United
States and to his talks with the Presi-
dent. Actually, Mr.. Khrushchev him.
self has suggested as much in his home
coming remarks. He has done so by
speaking in glowing terms Of Mr.. Eisen-
hover and by giving the people Of the
USSR a generally warm and compli-
mentary picture Of our country, includ-
ing its hospitality toward him and its
desire for friendly relations and decent
and enduring peace.
More than that, taking words at
face value, 1t seems to us that Mr.. Khru-
shchev, in what he has said on his re-
turn to Moscow, has displayed a good
and hopeful mood. 1t is a mood indi-
eating that he is relatively optimistic,
as a result of his historic American
excursion, regarding the possibility Of
working out sound, honorable, mutually
acceptable agreements with the United
States and the West as whole on such
crucial matters as free Berlin's status
and Germany'S reunification. Beyond
that, 1t is certainly noteworthy that the
President, judging from his news con-
ference yesterday, appears to be SINH
larly inclined toward optimism-a fact
suggesting that he and the Soviet leader
may have accomplished more in their
talks than meets the eye in their joint
communique.
At any rate, in this supremely
dangerous age of nuclear weapons,
supersonic bombers and intercontinen-
tai missiles, 1t is reasSuring that both
Mr.. Eisenhower and Mr.. Khrushchev
are in an "okay" frame of mind as
regards efforts to ease international
tension and head of situations that
could explode into all-out war. If the
Soviet leader is really as sincere as he
sounds, the world as whole has reason
to say "okay," too-with heartfelt cheers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
'One Gift q Year

The slogan for this years United
Givers Fund campaign, which opens
officially tomorrow, is, appropriately,
Keep Your Conscience Clear With One
Gift Year." This is good advice for
everyone in the Washington Metropoli-
tan Area. 1t is particularly directed,
however, at the business community,
many members of which failed last year
to bear their fair share of the UGF
charity burden. Yet it was largely in
response to demands of area business
firms that united giving made its bow
here several years ago. If the zone
Gift a Year" campaign is to be a per-
manent success here, it behooves the
business community to lend its about
support to the principle.
A study of the 1858 returns has
disclosed that $4,000 out of $1,000 bust
neSSes in Greater Washington took little
or no part in last years drive. That is,
there was no record Of their employees
having given through the firm, nor Of
any corporate contributions by the firms
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
Allies and Friends

Two distinguished leaders Of politi-
cal life in Italy, Prime Minister Antonio
Segni and Foreign Minister Giuseppe
Pella, will be welcome guests for three
day official visit in Washington this
week. Arriving here tomorrow, they
have meetings scheduled during their
stay with President Eisenhower, Secre-
tary of State Herter and other cabinet
officials. On Thursday, they are to re-
ceive honorary degrees from George
town University.
In many respects, the public careers
OF Mr.. Segni and Mr.. Pella have followed
parallel courses. Both have been active
members of the dominant Christian
Democratic Party since World War II
and have held variety of posts in
Italian governments since that time.
Mr.. Pella himself was Prime Minister
in 1884 and Mr.. Segni served once
before in this Office from 1855 to 1856.
They have held their present posts since
February Of this year.
Most notably, these two long time
associates have identified themselves
throughout with postwar Italy's firm
adherence to the Western community.
A charter member of the North Allan
tic Treaty Organization, Italy also is
member of the European Coal and Steel
Community and of the European Com
mon Market Group. AS Defense Min
lister in the cabinet of Prime Minister
Fanfani, Mr.. Segni played decisive role
last year in negotiating the agreement
for location of NATO missile bases on
Italian sofia decision which the Italian
Communist Party has protested loudly
but unSuccesSfully. In effect, their
meetings here this week will be a con-
tinuation VI those which they held with
President iSenhower and Mr.. Herter in
Paris earlier this month-in the friendly
context of the Western partnership.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
TIL Iniunctions

In YOUR editorial OF Sep
TENDER 81, you stated that
the theory" of the 80-day
emergency injunction pro-
vided for in the Taft-Hart-
ley Act is that during this
80-day period a labor dispute
will be settled" You fur
ther stated that "this gen.
orally has proved to be the
case" Had you taken the
trouble to examine the rec
ord. you would have found
that this generally has
proved" not to be the case.
The facts. which are read
lily available in a publica-
ton Of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics entitled Work
Stoppages-'National Emer-
gency' Disputes Under the
Labor Management Relations
(Taft-H a rtley) Act" are
these:
Since the Act was passed in
l947 there have been IL la
Dor disputes in which strikes
have been enjoined under the
National Emergency" provi-
sions. In one of these the
injunction was ineffective be-
cause the workers refused to
return to work. In six others.
the injunction merely post
poned ultimate settlement Of
the disputes involved since
settlements we're reached only
after the 80-day period Of in
junction had expired. In two
Of the remaining four cases,
it is plain that the injunc-
tons did not contribute sig
niflcantly to the final settle
ments. One was the dispute
in 1851 between the Mine,
Mill and Smelter Workers
Union and the non-ferrous
metals mining industry. In
that case the leader Of the
industry, Kennecott. reached
an agreement with the union
before the injunction was
even issued, setting a pattern
which was ultimately fol-
lowed by the rest of the in
dustry. The other was the
complicated dispute which
arose in 1948 concerning the
administration of the welfare
and retirement fund between
the United Mine Workers of
America and the bituminous
coal mine operators. This
dispute involved essentially a
legal problem and it was
ultimately resolved through
litigation unrelated to the
Injunction proceeding.
Thus. out of the IL cases in
which Taft-Hartley injunc-
tons have been issued, in
nine of the cases the injunc-
tons did not aid in the set
Element Of the disputes in
volved. Whether the injunc-
tons did any good in the re-
naming two cases is proble-
NAUTICAL, to say the least.
Kenneth A. Meiklejohn,
Former Assistant Solicitor of
u. s. Department of Labor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
Conflicting Quotes

The letter of Mrs. Cora
March, widow Of Gen. Pey-
ton c. March, United States
Army Chief of Staff in
World War I, was read with
interest. Mr.. Khrushchev has
made several irritating re-
marks which are contrary to
what we believe to be the
truth. 1t is. therefore. pleas
ing when someone speaks out
and refutes his statements.
But. was not Mrs. March in
error on one point when she
said. The American troops
at no time fought against
Reds. Whites or other fac
tons?
However good our motives
or justified our actions in
sending a small expedition
airy force into Russia, it APP
pears that skirmisheS were
fought with Red troops. The
following is an excerpt from
Gen. MARGINS book. entitled
THE Nation at War;" and
refers to our forces in Rus
STA:
THE losses suffered by the
expedition were:
Killed in battle 109
Died Of wounds received in
action IS
Died of disease. drowning. etc.
100
Total deaths 244
Wounded, not MORALLY 305"
Also, there is a very inter-
esting article in the Deem
Der. 1858. issue of American
Heritage by E. M. Halliday,
entitled wv here Ignorant
Armies Clashed BY Night"
which describes the fighting
between American and Red
troops. And it does not say
anything about American
troops being pushed into the
sea.
Lloyd E. Kelly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-29
Moral Decay

Ralph McGill's articles,
1.-TWO Edged Sword" and
Time Won't Wait For
Schools" deserve a vote of
thanks from those who share
similar views. Perhaps If
more individuals with access
to the public mind through
the spoken and written word
as represented by newspapers.
magazines, radio, and tele-
vision would keep hammering
away at the moral decay and
materialistic excess which is
poisoning our national vital
ity enough sentiment would
be aroused to force a reSur-
gence of public conscience.
Maybe the future will re-
veal a United States where
every child will have an equal
opportunity for an educa-
ton and an American rocket
will be first somewhere be-
cause of an engineer who
didn't waste his time design
ing a push-button control for
a TV set.
william I. Graves.