davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
TURNTABLE TALK
Disc List Losing
Some Choice Items

A"A0A Ao 1AOA CHM huocOI ohy~
Rachmaninoff disc, collec-
tons respectively of French
and Spanish songs by Nan
Merriman and an exhilarat-
ing Dvorak-Grieg assortment
by Dorothy Warenskjold, one
of the pleasantest surprises
of several years ago. The re-
corded vocal repertory is not
so extended that such retrac-
tons can be applauded, what
ever the future possibilities,
at best none too bright.
Less than reassuring, also.
is the indicated demise of a
delightful Bach disc of sym
phonies" by three sons of
John Sebastian, rendered by
a French orchestra led by
Louis de Froment; of discs
bearing two Scintillating SYM
phonieS Of Boccherini, in one
case, and the 92d and neg
lected 86th of Haydn in the
other, both managed in able
fashion by the enterprising
group of Italians known as
the Scarlatti Orchestra; of
the late Ginette Neveau's per-
formances of Chausson's
. Poeme. Ravel's Tzigane, De-
bussy's G minor sonata and
the Sibelius concerto; of
George Tzipine's Paris disc of
Dolly, Pelleas ct MeliSande
and Mosques ct Bergamasques
by the under-appreciated
Faure, and of another superior
French disc of Debussy's
Children's Corner and Boite
a Joujoux as notable for its
charming jacket illustrations
as for the adept Cluytens-led
performances.
The fact that all the above.
and others adding up almost
to 200. stem from EMI-Capi-
tol-Angel. the largest Of large
record makers. adds nothing
to ones supportable or even
conjectural hopes for the flu
ture.
RELOCATION
The hands of Dorle and
Dario Soria, which guided
the then autonomous Angel
with distinction through the
era which produced the items
mentioned above, are subtly
visible in a new quarter.
RCA Victor, the present
Soria aff1liation, has intro
duced a sequence of discs in
a new formal, booklike, cell
lophane-sealed. decorative
and in certain instances more
tn an casually imposing.
Among them are a charming
stephen Foster Song Book"
collection by the Shaw Choir
ale. a Wolff-led rendering of
Adams Giselle ballet, a Rub
instein disc featuring the
Chopin F minor concerto,
and new editions Of Figaro.
La Fora del Destino and The
Barber of Seville. the operas
in pseudo pirate-chest bind
ing with miniature brass
colored lstches.
Aural considerations aside
(the non-operatic contents
are fully adequate. the OPP
cratic must await later hear
ing), the new series obviously
reflects some sort of fore
thought. Inasmuch as emil
Angel has just discarded the
established ia-Angel for
mat as we'll as a solid chunk
of the Soria catalogue. the
Soria shift of allegiance
seems more than a coinci-
dence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12
Comment on Brahms

Frank Milburn, jr., who
comments on the list in an
article in Musical America,
points out that while Brahms
is the third most popular
composer, he is first in three
individual categories. The
middle concerto was played
80 times, more than any
other single piece of any
variety. the D major SYM
phony with % performances
req all symphonies, and the
p nat piano concerto with
20 led all piano concertos.
IL is noteworthy that of
the American composers
composers of American ma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12


that many more individual
pieces Of his were played
than those of anv other COM
poser except Mozart. The
latter oddity is undoubtedly
accounted for by the two
facts that orcheStras are
wont to play short excerpts
Of Bach's major pieces, sew
eral at a time, and that the
Bach Aria Group made a
large tour playing and sing
ing with symphony orches-
traS last year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-12

rente," $105.000, and Van
Gogh's Hospital Park at
st. Remi," $74,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Basic Steel
Price Trend

Prices Of basic steel products
are at peak levels. During the
first half of 1859, they averaged
l78 per cent above 1910. Fol-
lowing a period Of virtual
stability during the war, steel
prices have mounted each year.
including years of economic
recession.
Steel prices have risen higher
and faster than wholesale prices
In general, and much more than
retail prices. Comparing the
first half Of 1859 with the 1910
average, the prices of all COM
|modities at wholesale advanced
by 1874 per cent. In the same
period, the consumer price in.
dex rose LOT per cent, in con-
trast with the 17S per cent rise
for steel. I.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Cost Per Unit
OF Output.

Employment costs per unit of
steel output have increased be-
cause money wages plus supple
ments per man-hour have risen
more than output per man.
hour. Employment costs in
|clude basic wages. incentive
premiums, holiday. vacation and
sick pay. constitutions by en-
|ployers for social security and
private insurance, private
health, welfare and pension
funds, and supplementary un-
employment benefit funds.
Employment costs for wage
employees per unit Of output in
creased about 1875 per cent
from 1910 to 1857. After a
sharp rise in the recession year
1858, they fell again in the,
early months Of 1859, so that
the average for the fiscal year
lending June, 1852 was some
what above the 1857 level.
Employment costs per unit
flor all employees have increased
more than the wage employees
alone because Of the increase
in the relative importance of
administrative. professional and
clerical personnel. Total en-
Iployment costs per unit Of out
put, for all employees, rose by
142 per cent from 1910 to 1887.
mounted sharply in 1858. and
declined in the early months of
1859 to an average for the fiscal
year ending June. 1859, some
what above the 1857 level. +.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Pottern of Recent
Wage Settlements

Wage settlements in the first
half of 1859 have not generally
involved leaders" in heavy
industry. Settlements in some
heavy industries remain to be
negotiated. Others are covered
by long-term @agreem en- t S
reached in earlier years but
providing increases due in 1859.
In all, about 2.5 million
workers are due to receive in
creases in 1859 that were
negotiated earlier; most OF
these increases amount to 6
t68 cents an hour. Automobile
workers, for example, received
an increase estimated by the
bureau of Labor Statistics to
average 6.3 cents an hour at
the beginning of August. Most
aircraft workers received 8 per
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Purple Powder
Trups ProwIer

Purple powder in a pickle jal
proved the undoing Ola l6.
year-old boy who stole $SS from
the, apartment Of Hezekiah
Dove, IS, Of 1927 Third street
S.W.. police reported.
After $50 was discovered miss.
ling from jar, Detective Herman
d. Evans applied the "thiei
powder"
On q second trip, the youth
discovered the purple stuff on
This hands and clothes. but
washing didn't help a bit.
His mother brought him ia
the Fourth precinct, where he
gave himself UP. He was
charged with househreaking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
The Level
Of Steel Wages

Wage levels can pc compared
IN terms of earnings or rates.
The wage rate Is the basic pay
rnent per hour. day or week
that is guaranteed in the
employment contract. It relates
70 q particular job or occupa-
ton. Earnings include, in addi-
ton to the basic rate, incentive
payments. premiums for over
time work or work on late
shifts, bonuses. etc. Average
earnings for an entire industry
are Influenced by the proper
ton Of workers at various skill
levels. These proportions vary
widely among industries. Basic
steel employs a relatively large
Proportion Of workers in skilled
occupations.
Measured in terms of average
hourly earnings, steel wages are
higher than those in most other
Industries. The May, 1859, aver
age Of 1910 in the steel industry
compared with 1928 in manu-
featuring as a whole, sass in
automobiles.
Wage Rates Compared
Wage rates, job for job,
compare more nearly with those
il other higa-wage industries.
such as automobile production
and petroleum refining. For
example. the hourly rate for
common labor in the steel
industry is $2.13. Rates for un-
skilled labor paid by a number
q major employers for whom
Information is available range
from 50 to $2.47. Similar COM
PARSONS for maintenance ma
chinists and toolmakers are
Presented in the table on the
opposite page. Such comparisons
must be interpreted with eau
ton because of possible diff
ferences in job content and
working conditions, even for
the same job title.
Many steel workers (about
60 per cent Of the totaD receive
Incentive pay, which is less
commonly found in most other
high-wage industries. Incentives
may add 10 per cent, is per
cent, 20 per cent or more 70
basic rates. They are commonly
associated with greater worker
effort and increased production.
In basic steel, first quarter
1858 and 1859 data indicate
that incentive earnings add on
the average from 6 to 8 cents
to the hourly rate in labor
Grade 2 In which common labor
is classified; % to "a cents in
labor Grade is which includes
maintenance machinists; and
81 to A cents in labor Grade
IS which includes tool makers
However. information is not
available to indicate whether
the rates for these specific
occupations are increased by
incentive earnings in the same
degree as the labor grade as a
whole.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20

NJ p
equity las used in Federal
Trade Commission and Securi-
ties and Exchange Commission
reports) Is relatively small, in.
volving the treatment of certain
types Of special reserve funds
During the postwar period
steel industry profits taftei
taxes per dollar Of sales have
been higher than the COM
parable ratio for all manu-.
featuring.
The difference has widened
during recent years. starting In
1855. The ratio for the steel
industry declined from the peak
levels Of 1850 and 1855, but the
increase in profits in the early
months Of 1859 ESTIMATED from
published earnings ieports)
brought the six-mopth ratio
back near the earlier levels.
High Capital Requirement
In comparing steel industry
profits as q per cent Of sales
with the same ratio for all
manufacturing. account should
be taken Of the relatively high
capital requirements In steel
production Profits in relation
to sales must generally be
higher In industries with high
capital requirements in order
to yield q given return on in
vestment. Available published
data indicate that capital in
vestment per dollar Of revenue
is about one-quarter higher in
steel than in manufacturing
as q whole.
. Net profits as a rate of return
on stockholders equity in the
steel industry have been lower
than those in all manufactur-
ing during most Of the postwar
years. Supplementary data, not
shown in the chart opposite,
suggest that the steel profit
ratio was also lower than that
for all manufacturing in 1910.
The steel profits ratio exceeded
the ratio for all manufacturing
in 1855, 1856 and 1857. then
fell to a low point in 1858. The
increase in profits in the first
half Of 1859 brought the ratio
back to or above earlier peak
levels. The rate of return in
steel in the first half Of 1858
was above that for all manu-
featuring.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20

Between 1910 and 1865 the
increase Of basic steel products
exceeded that shown BY any
other major group in the whole.
sale price index. with the ex-
Iception Of lumber and wood
products.
Since l947-49, the steel price
has been substantially greater
than for any Of these groups.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Source. eoreou q lsbor sfotisties

cent increases 5averaging an
estimated rs cents) in the
spring. Many Of these long
term agreements also include
|cost-of-liv escalator clauses.
All major wage settlements
during the FIRST half Of 1853,
except q very few accounting
for 4 per cent Of the workers. /,
increased wages: half Of the
workers received increases Of
9 cents or more. About z out
|of 10 settlements also liber-
allied one or more fringe bene-
fits.
In percentage terms, many
recent settlements have pro-
vided for wage rate increases Of
3 per cent or more. Increases
of 4 or IS per cent have not
been unusual.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
The Trend
Of Steel Wages

0ross hourly earnings in steel
rose $l.43, or by IS per cent,
from January. 1850 to May
fD59.
Basic wage rates in steel
excluding the effects Of pre-
MUM pay for overtime. ETC.,
and also changes in incentive
earnings and In skill levels. but
Including .cost-of- living allow
ances) increased: ~
$l.08 an hour or. So peri
cent. for al wage workers.
combined as o group 'H a.
$50. or 70 per cent. for
kteel common labor.
$l.25, or "a per cent. for
tool makers. 80 :
$1.56, or 60 per cent, for
rollers (grade 32).
In this same period. real
hourly earnings de, gross
earnings corrected for changes
u purchasing powerI rose by
50 per cent.
Real net spendable earnings
for q worker with 8 dependents
Gross earnings corrected for
changes in purchasing power
and in withholding and social
security rose by A per cent.
From January. 1850 TO- the
summer Of 1869, steel wages as
d whole rose by greater per-
centages and by greater .ahso-
Lutte amounts than wages in
most Of the economy, no matter
what measure Of wage trend is
ueed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20

1880. Before the war they
represented about 81 per cent
Of total revenues: during most
years Of the postwar period
they ranged from 80 to IS per
cent. Only IN the recession year
of 1858. with the sharp drop In
utilization Of capacity, did the
ratio increase substantially. to
$50. With recovery In output
and capacity utilization. the
percentage declined In early
1859 to alevel substantially be-
low the 1910 average or the
average for the postwar period.
Materials costs accounted
for "A per cent Of total reye-
nues in 1910. but the percent
age mas been higher In most
postwar years with q range Of
about a to a per cent.
Depreciation. depletion and
amortization represented So
per cent Of total revenues in
1910. During the postwar years.
except for 1854 and 1858, they
were lower.
Profits before taxes, as q per
cent Of total revenues, have
been substantially higher. ON
the average. during the post
war years than in 1910.
Federal taxes, however. have
taken q considerably larger
share Of steel revenues in re-
cent years than In 1880. AS q
result, profits after taxes, as a
percentage Of total revenues,
have shown considerable stabil-
ity in the postwar period. but
have been generally lower than
the 3 per cent for 1910. The
percentage for the recession
year 1858 was 6.3 per cent;
first half 1859 figures, based on
published company reports. in.
dictate a return to peak post
war levels. Sr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Strike lmperiIs
Nucleur Carrier

NEWPORT NEWS, Va. Aug.
l26 tAP).-An official of the
Newport News Shipbuilding &
Dry Dock Co. says the Nation
wide steel strike may delay the
completion date of the worlds
first nuclear-powered aircraft
carrier.
H. K. PEBBLES, purchasing
agent for the shipyard., en-
Fphasized yesterday there has
been no stoppage of work on
the USS Enterprise.
But he said even with top
priority. certain types Of steel
needed for some phases of the
ships construction could not
be found.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Supportin Steel Strike
Is Voted by AFL-CIO

FOREST PARK, Pa, Aug.
20 (AP) The AFL-CIO today
resolved to dedicate its 1853
Labor Day celebration Septem-
Der Z to sympathy and support
for the 100000 steel strikers.
A resolution adopted by the
AFL-CIO Executive Council
said the steel labor stoppage
mas been forced upon the
steelworkers and the American
people and its outcome will
affect the lives Of every Ameri-
can who works for wages or
salary"
Declaring the steel strike is
part Of a big business con-
spiracy against all workers,
federation leaders said in the
resolution:
"We hereby declare our de-
termination to make the steel
strike the struggle Of the whole
American labor movement and
to mobilize our full resources,
our collective will and the
human solidarity Of American
workers to win this historic
struggle for human justice"
Asks Eisenhower Action
The resolution called on
President Eisenhower to sum-
mon steel company chiefs and
strike leaders to a White
House conference Ito work out
a fair, honorable, decent and
-inflationary settlement in
the best interest Of all the
American people"
President Eisenhower has
rejected similar proposals on
the ground he should avoid in
tervening in the steel bargain
ing.
Besides resolving to dedicate
Labor Day as support the
steelworkers day." the ALL
CLIO council also invited leaders
Of all AFLsCIo unions to q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Steel. Profits,
Other Industries

In the three years 1855, 1856
and 1857, combined. the 20
largest steel companies had a
rate of return on net worth OF
1913 per cent, compared to 14.7
per cent for the Is largest in
dustrial firms in the Nation.
In the first half Of 1859, the
steel companies increased their
rate Of return, both in rela-
ton to their 1955-1957 average
and in relation to- the rate Of
return for the group of the
largest industrial firms. The
average for the steel COM
panies was 1871 per cent in the
first half Of 1859 compared to
14.1 per cent for the composite
Of the largest industrial COM
panieS.' @&
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Profits, Related
To Sales, Stocks

Net profits in relation to sales
and to stockholders equity two
ratios are commonly used in
comparing profits from indus
try to industry: Profits in rela-
ton to sales. and profits as a
return on net worth or stock
holders equity.
The difference between net
worth Frequently used by pri-
vate business| and stockholders
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Union Strikes
Phelps Dodge

DOUGLAS, Ariz.. Aug. q
cAPl.-Another major copper
producer was struck today d.
picket lines went up at Phelp.
Dodge Corp, properties in Ari.
iona. Texas and California.
The new walkout by the In.
ternational Union Of Mine, Mill
and Smelter Workers, indepen.
dent. halted operations al
Douglas, Bisbee and Morenci
all in Arizona: FL Paso. Tex.
and Los Angeles.
Mine-Mill represents about
$3.50 Phelps Dodge workers
2,496 Of them in Arizona
Another $500 employees prob.
ably win be idled by the shut.
down. TEbt
The chain of copper strike.
started, August 10 when Mine.
Mill and the United Steelwork.
ers walked OF their Jobs q,
Kennecott Corp. plants. Ken.
necott employs about 800 per.
sons in its western operation!
in Utah, Nevada, Arizona anC
New Mexico.
Another 1900 Mine-Mill
members struck August II al
the San Manuel Copper Corp.
San Manuel, Ariz., and the
Magma Copper Corp, Superior
Ariz. 1&
Yesterday, Anaconda Co. was
hit by a walkout of $500 min
ers and smeltermen at plants
in i've Montana and Utah
cities. This strike also was
called by Mine-Mill. and tied ur
operations at Butte, Anaconda
Great Falls and East Helena In
Montana and Tooele, Utah.
The Mine-Mill action today
also set the wheels in motion
for q strike against Is Ameri.
can Smelling & Refining Co
plants. The union gave the
company 48 hours strike notice
after negotiations were broken
on last night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20

meeting in San Francisco Sep.
TENDER 10 to rally support
behind the steel strikers.
The rally will be held in
connection with the AFL-CIO
convention opening in San
San Francisco September II.
Meat Unions May Strike
The half million steel strikers
may soon be Joined by a walk
out of nearly 100000 workers in
the giant meat processing in
dustry.
Union officers said the in
dustry's two major unions, the
Amalgamated Meat Cutters and
the Packinghouse Workers,
have met much the same man
agement wage freeze and other
proposals for stockyard work.
ers as were experienced in the
steel dispute.
Il
Express Concern
AFL-CIO leaders, meeting in
summer session here, expressed
concern that the steel strike is
q symptom of what they con-
slider a growing management
refusal to give workers a share
in expanding industry profits. i
The international Union of
Electrical Workers, voting q
500, 900 donation to the steel
strikers, said big business gem
orally has decided to wreck
the hard-won gains Of workers"
and reverse the system Of
sharing profits with labor.
The two neat industry un-
ions, after nearly a month q
bargaining, have met an almost
solid front Of packer proposals
to freeze present wage rates,
averaging about $3.50 an hour. &
Like the steel strikers, the
meat processing workers seek
wage increases of about Is
cents per hour. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Steel Output
Per Mon-Hour

The number of employees and
of man-hours required to pro-
duce a ton of steel has been
decreasing. Stated another way,
the amount Of steel produced
per man-hour has risen. The
gain in output per man-hour
stems from a variety Of causes:
More and better equipment, i'm
proved management, improved
worker performance. etc. The
upward trend of output per
man-hour tends to hold, down
employment costs. Employment
costs. Of course, are not the
only costs Of operation: Mate
rails and capital are other
major costs.
Output per wage employe
man-hour in steel. based. on
AIS1 reports, increased by
about "A per cent from 1910
to the latest 12-month period.
4 = y \
The level attained in the
latter part Of this period (first
half 1882 is, Of course. higher
than the average for the fiscal
year, because Of the higher
rate Of capacity utilization dur
ing the first half of 1859.
Output per all-employe man.
hour increased by So per cent
from 1910 to the fiscal year
1859, or somewhat less thar
output per wage employe man.
hour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
sTEEL
Continued Prom First PAD,

Continued From First Page
Enuence TO bear on the partieI
TO make . settlemsrtg
Senator Javits. who has
urged release Of the fAct-find'
Ing report. said the statistic
Eshow that the pornpanies car
afford TO grant some wag'
increase without raising stee
prices. and that the union car
trim its demands.
Senator Aiken. Republican D
Vermont. agreed that the re-
port shows there is room fol
q compromise without cost Il
the public" through q price In
crease. He added that II thinl
the public will be very insisten
lon o settlement Of the strik'
without q price increase"
Senator Aiken. who has col
laborated with Senator Jayit
on statements about the strike
said the report at first glanc,
appears to give more ammuni,
Ition to the union side, but fur
Their study shows there arr
two sides to the story" Z
Opposes Price Rise ~.
: Mr.. Eisenhower has warned
against any wage settlement
that would force steel prices
up. The steel companies hav,
insisted on o wage freeze n
the lrst year Of q new contract
with perhaps q small wage in.
crease in the second year--ii
the union agrees to Offset thu
costs by changing work rules
Any increase in net employ.
ment costs would be imitation.
airy, the companies contend.
The union maintains the
companies can afford to grant
substantial wage increases with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Annual Earnings

Annual earnings Of wage en-
ployes =. in the basic steel
industry averaged about $3.50
in 1857. With reduced produc-
ton levels and employment,
this average fell to about $4,-
$40 in 1858. Roughly the same
proportion earned $4,000 on
more in both years; 80 per
cent in 1857 and 20 per cent
IN 1858. However. while fewer
than 8 per cent earned less
than $500 in 1857, % per cent
earned less than this amount
Ia 1858.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
Employment
vs.. OtherCosts

Total employment costs Of
steel companies as a percent
age Of total revenues (includ-
ing revenues. from non-steel
operations) have been lower in
most postwar years than in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-20
" S. Issues Statistics ia stee! Strike Controversy

This Is a partial tert en-
phastsing some OF the high
lights OF Secretary Of Labor
Mttchell's report on the steel
dispute: