davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-20

financial problems said yestert
changes in the aid budget Mr.
Eisenhower presents TO Con.
gress next January.
One said 1t is unlikely also
that any major aid cut win b
proposed in the next severa'
years. II other countries d.
more In this field. he said. thii
will merely serve to lessen the
pressure for even bigger United
States programs.
This line Of thinking could
change II the deficit In THU
country's balance Of interna-
tional payments should persist
or increase.
Balance Bothers Officials
Oficials are frankly con-
cerned because the United
States sent abroad last years
So billion more than 1t re-
ceived from overseas. This fig-
ure takes into account exports
and imports Of goods. services
and capital.
On goods and services. the
United States ran q surplus,
Large exports Of capital &C
counted for the deficit.
A payments deficit almost
inevitably leads to a loss OF
gold. When foreign countries
build UP favorable balances
here, they have q choice Of
leaving them in dollars or con-
verting them to gold.
With $19.5 billion in gold,
the United States has more
than ample stock. This is q
billion dollars less than on
January /, however. and a
continued drain could mean
eventual trouble.
Sees Relationship Change
Secretary Of the Treasury
Anderson believes the pay
ments deficit is symptomatic
Of q fundamental change In
the financial relationship be-
tween the United States and
other industrial countries. Mr.
Eisenhower repeatedly agrees
and is backing moves to:
/. Convince Western Europe
and Japan that they now are
economically strong enough to
lend q helping hand 10 the
underdeveloped nations.
2. Seek removal Of foreign
restrictions on purchases from
the United States. These curbs
were imposed when other coun-
tries had q shortage Of dollars
In Mr.. Anderson's view, those
days are gone.
8. Promote United States ex-
ports through every available
avenue. At least four depart
ments-Treasury, Commerce,
State and Agriculture-are CO.
ordinating their moves in this
overall effort to bring the
payments situation back into
balance.
Mr.. Anderson will press the
first two points in private
meetings next week with visit
ing finance ministers. When
the ministers get together here
September 20 for the annual
meeting Of the World Bank
and International Monetary
Fund. he'll spell out his views
In q public speech.
To Offer New Plan
At the bank meeting. Mr..
Anderson will propose q sub
sidiary international Develop
ment Association that would
make loans to underdeveloped
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-20
Foreign AidCuts Seem
Dim Despite Gold Loss
BY FRANK CORNER
Associated Press stan Writer

President Eisenhower plans significant years
foreign aid other prospecting nations heed his
plea TO do more for the underdeveloped areas.
Several high ocials who deal directly with international
financial problems said yesterday there will be substantial
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-20
FIN Stations

MRc.FM-e,.s Me.-s:3o an. 10 I en-.
WroP-FM ss.3 Me.-3tAsuF spsFstlsn
WAsH-FM-s1i Me- s.m 70 t1.is IN.
Meatsy-Sundsy.
W0l-FM-sa1 Me.--S;3e an. 10 mItnight
NfAh-FM-ioo.3 Me.-74-hssi operation
WWpc-FM-tei.I Me- an. 70 ! an.
. WeMs-FM-1o3.s Me.-S en-. to mltaight
Saturday an. 70 I IN; Sunday Q an
10 mienlsht
WARl-FM-ies.i Me.-Msaasy through SGT
ur1sy I;3e IN. 10 midnight.
weTs-FM-siS Me.-s 10 10 p.m Susaal
through Thursday.
WusI.FM-ies.3 Me- an. 10 mianlght.
usvA-FM 1855 Me.-Sundsy 10 a. 10
~, Msntsy-satBrtsy. Q an to . IN
WPec-FM-ss.s Me- Dn 10 nIGaIght
WMAL-FM-toI.3 Me- a. 10 les s.m.
WSno-fM-ss1 Me.-s,ls an. 70 $40 On
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-20
To Offer New Plan

At the bank meeting. Mr..
Anderson will propose q sub
sidiary international Develop
ment Association that would
make loans to underdeveloped
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-07

Hoys will speok OF the. Southern
Bdptist Theological Seminary.
5-orol Roberts. Religion.
7-chorIie chon. Crime.
J. CoroI Noish stors.
9-0swold Rabbit. Kids.
Hour. rs Min. Cartoons.
100
4-Mike Mokes His Mark.
5-This Is the Life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-07

For late program changes
ses --latest ~ Information"
- TIE SHndav Amusement
Section and on the daily
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-06-07


SUNDAY
7:3o
e.RuPal America. Color.
The Tslephons and the Former"
500
9-look Up and Live.
"The Protest" Port w, on con-
temporary American culture.
$3.50
9-chapel OF The Air.
choploin TT. Coll Ernest 2.
Pine. Sermon Topic: "He Spoke
and There Wos Greet Colm."
St. Motthew, Chapter 8, verses
l9 to IT.
S:45
4-Amerieens at Work.
800
4-BFiefina Session.
DISCUSSION. Deon Edword w.
Barrett. host.
9-Sundey Morning News.
sos
9-comeFe Three. Educotionol.
ACTORS Choice" Port I. Dor
othy Stickney dromotizes poems
and letters by Edno St. Vincent
MilIoy.
$50
4-chvissien Science. Religion.
9-Mess for Shut Ins.
CeIebroted ct o Washington oltor.
e:4S
4-lndussry on Parade.
1000
4-kelisious Hour.
5-Feith for Today. Religion.
7-Junele Jim. Adventure.
Johnny WeismuIler stars.
9-Lomp Unto Ny Feet.
1880
4-eFonfievs Of Foish.
Former Representative Brooks
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Economy:
Initiation

In the steaming debate over ;
balanced budget, imitation has be-
come an ugly byword. In the con-
fusing controversy over economic
theory, it stands as clearly I'M
derstood symbol in the public
mind.
Somewhat paradoxically, the
cost of living has been surprising
ly stable in the last eight or 10
monthS-there has been no infla-
ton. But the issue of imitation is
entwined, as a future threat, in
the debate over basic economics
that has already burgeoned into
one of the liveliest political issues
in Washington.
Last week two separate investi-
cations began tuning up for full
scale inquiries into imitation and
all of its economic ramif1cations.
Vice President Nixon said the
cabinet committee he is directing
will look into "the whole field of
economic activity. private as we'll
as government"
The Joint Economic Committee
of Congress opened hearings into
what it described as broad study
of the American economy at mid
century,"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Young Latin American Girl Finds Students
In U. S. Eager to Learn About Everything

have been enough to show me
that the American people are as
cordial as can be.
Classmates Helpful
AS to my classmates in the
university, I discovered they are
always willing to help me. Though
it took us some time to get &C
quainted, now the whole group
is like a big family. ! have found
some of my best friends among
them.
One of the differences I have
found between Chilean and North
American university life is in the
relations between the professor
and the students.
In Chile, the professor comes
into the classroom, says what he
has come to say, and leaves. If
the student has doubts, he usually
waits till the class is over, and
then goes to the professor with
his questions. Not much discus
sion goes on in the classroom
between students and professors,
though during recent years stu
dents direct participation in the
class has increased.
The relations between students
and professors are much more
friendly in the United States than
in the Latin American countries.
Professors here are easier to APP
proach. They show more interest
in the students problems and offer
them more guidance and advice.
But there is one thing have
noticed in this student-profeSsor
relation that I would like to point
out. When professors allow their
students too much familiarity they
are apt to lose the students
respect.
The Competition Here
In graduate schools like the
one I'm attending at Columbia
University, students have to work;
if you don't apply yourself to
your studies you are better of
somewhere else. There is an
enormous amount of competition
in the United States, and if you
can't keep up with the rest of the
class. you soon find yourself in
trouble.
Foreign students who have come
to study in the United States have
often complained that they didn't
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Segregation:
New Precedent

A Federal appeals court gave the
South something new to ponder
in the search for an answer to the
school deSegregation dilemma.
In a brief ruling last Thursday,
the Fourth Circuit Court of APP
peals served notice that Negro stu
dents seeking to enter white
schools cannot be subjected to any
special scrutiny that is not also
applied to white students who
change schools.
The warning came as the appel
late court sent back to Federal
Judge Albert v. Bryan and the
Arlington School Board the cases
Of rs Negro students who were
refused admission to white county
schools this year.
Altogether, 80 Negro students
had applied to enter white Airing
ton schools last fall. The school
board turned down all 30, using its
own assignment plan which con-
siStS Of such factors as overcrowd-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
THE FOREIGN SCENE.

Nicholas Christofiilis, California
scientist, that such belts could
be created artificially. The Sep
TENDER shots confirmed the Chris
tofiilis theories, DR.. York said.
Mr.. Quarles conceded that the
tests may have contributed some
information relating to the de.
lection Of nuclear explosions. Al
though the September experiment
was concluded well before the
suspension of nuclear testing an
nounced by the United States for
October, 1t had apparently gone
undetected by the Soviet Union or
other observers. This fact obvi-
ously will affect the discussions
going on in Geneva on a world
wide ban on testing.
One immediate result was the
calling of a recess in the Geneva
talks until April 10. Administra-
ton officials intimated last week
that the results Of Project Argus.
known in the highest defense and
Acc levels since the tests were
completed, has strengthened the
opposition in the United States to
conclusion of a ban on testing.
Efforts will be made at the coming
East-West negotiations. it was
predicted, to extend any ban to
space explosions. In any case.
the Defense Department is anxious
for further testing on nuclear
weapons in space to add to the
information gained by Argus.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Congress-:
Two Bills

President Eisenhower first
veto of the current congressional
session will come, it has been
widely assumed. on either the
housing or the airport bills.
Both measures dramatic the
"SpenderS versus savers" issue.
Both, in the form passed by the
Senate, would upset Mr.. Eisen-
hower'S plans for a balanced
budget in fiscal 1860.
There seems little chance for
any compromise on the Housing
bill which would avert a presi-
Dental Veto The argument over
how much Federal money should
be spent on airport construction
contains enough give" on both
sides, however, that Congress may
yet produce a bill acceptable to
Mr.. Eisenhower.
The House of Representative
boosted the prospects of COM
promise last week by approving an
airport aid bill that Topped $l68
million from the figure previously
voted by the Senate.
The House-approved measure
would provide 1927 million over
four-year period, compared to
the 5000 million asked by the
President.
Backers of the House bill are
hopeful that they can persuade
the Senate to accept it in place of
the more expensive Senate meas
ure. If they succeed in this STRAIT
egg, some Republicans feel there
is good chance that Mr.. Eisen-
hover will sign the bill despite his
objections to some of its features.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22

Every American student I have
met is either anxious to learn
another language or is already
studying one. French, Spanish,
Russian and German are the ia
vorites.
"You will find that everybody
lives in a hurry in the United
States. No one cares what hap
pens to his neighbor; everyone
minds his own business there, and
this indifference is even greater
in New York" All this. I was
told.
It Is true that life seems to be
faster in New York than in other
places, but the indifference you
find here is not greater or smaller
than the indifference you will
find in any cosmopolitan city.
When I was on my way to New
York, I stopped in Philadelphia.
AS an ordinary tourist, wanted
to visit the historical places there,
so I got myself a little map and
started to wander around the
city. Several times I had to stop
in some corner, take out my map
and figure out where I was.
Twice, as I was doing this, people
came to me and asked. Can I
do anything for you? Do you
need any help?"
Small details, like this one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Continued From Page AIS

Continued FROM rage A-Eo
mated at more than 81 million
since 1852.
It was the first time the Rackets
Committee had uncovered such a
commission" arrangement by
union officials. and it provoked
some severe comment by its MEM
bers.
Describing Mr.. O'Brien as ere
verse Robin Hood" Senator
Church. Democrat Of Idaho, de-
clared:
"He's robbing the poor to make
himself rich. These people are not
labor union leaders-they're CAPT.
talists and exploiters like the rob-
Der barons Of old"
To this Chairman Mcclellan Of
Arkansas added:
This certainly justifies an alb
solute rebellion of the teamster
rank-and- file against this corrupt.
robbing, cheating, sordid leader
ship this union has today"
This week the committee will
resume its hearings in the jukebox
and other coin machine opera
tions. The inquiry will focus on
New Orleans, Los Angeles and
Miami.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22

get to know what American family
life is really like.
That is quite understandable.
They spent half of their time in
the classrooms and the other half
studying in their rooms or going to
museums. theaters. or other places
commonly visited by tourists. That
is not the best way to get to know
the Americans.
But when arrived in New York,
I found that the university had
an orientation program for foreign
students which included. among
other things, visits to the homes
of American families.
have already visited several
American families. We have dis
cussed our customs. ideals, politics,
way of living. and many other in
teresting subjects.
There are so many things
have learned of American hos
pitality. Maybe all could be said
in one sentence: The North Amer
leans have made me feel at home
in the United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Middle East,
New SnorIs

Iraq and the United Arab Re-
public continued last week to ex-
change barrages of bitter words.
UAR President Nasser stepped up
his attacks on Communist influ-
ences in Iraq, which he said were
aimed at destroying the movement
for Arab unity and sought to
create a Moscow-dominated Mid
die East empire.
In Moscow Thursday, Mr.. Khru-
shchev took note Of the NaSser
Nominations. "A rather hot
headed young man." observed the
Soviet Premier, who took upon
himself more than his stature
permitted. He shouldn't do
it; he might strain himself"
Denying Soviet interference in
Arab affairs, Mr.. Khrushchev adj
viSed Col. Nasser to show more
tolerance and wisdom. Then the
Arab interest would be strength
ened," he said.
Cairo Radio and Radio DamaS-
Gus replied furiously. The Khru-
shchev remarks, said the NaSSer-
dominated Middle East News
Agency, has unmasked Moscow's
plans toward the Arabs"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
THE NATIONAL SCENE

ing at schools, school district
boundaries, scholastic achieve
ment, adaptability and psyche
logical adjustment. Judge Bryan
upheld the school board on 26
of the reflections, but ordered four
of the applicants into Stratford
Junior High-which they entered
last February 2.
In returning the 26 other appli-
cations for further study, the ap-
pellate court also noted that when
they were considered the State
still had in force its massive re-
siStance laws and suggested that
therefore neither the school board
nor the District Court could act
with 1.-The same freedom and indie
pendence as they now can act
-" The massive resistance laws
since have died, and Indignation
has become a reality.
At first glance, the appellate
ruling no doubt caused some con-
Germ among those who have looked
to assignment plans as a workable
brake on indignation. The court,
however, did not throw out the
idea of an assignment plan.
All it did was to observe that
evidence in the Arlington case
indicated Negro and white stu
dents were not evaluated alike
under that county's assignment
procedure. True, both races were
given the same achievement tests
in the normal course of their edu-
cation. But in the case OF the
Negro students who were moving
from one grade to another, appar-
emily the court felt their achieve
ment was evaluated somewhat diff
ferently from the white students
who were moving up a grade.
The new ruling does not guar
antee that all 26 Negro applicants
will get into the white schools they
seek to enter once their applica-
tions are reviewed. But it does
set a precedent that assign
ment plans cannot be rugged for
Negro use only, lest the courts
ultimately decide to throw them
out altogether.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
HOUSE

H. R. 1011. Extension of the
Federal Airport Construction Act
authorizing 1927 million in Fed
eral matching grants for airport
projects during the next four
years. Passed. 272-134 Cd, 242-25;
r., 30-l09), March 10, 1859.
FOR: Foley and Landlord, Democrats of
Maryland
AGAINST: Harrison and Smith, Democrats
of Virginia
NOT VOTING: Broyhill. Republican Of
Virginia.
(By Congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22

by increasing student bodies, meet
considerable domestic resistance
to detaching their staff for over
seas duty. It is estimated that 300
from the University Of California
faculty alone are now abroad.
Not long ago an IndoneSian
government request to the Univer-
sity of California for six govern
ment administration specialists to
work with their cabinet secreta-
riat had to be refused. Yet parti-
cipating American universities
have found that such foreign ex-
perience has broadened the knowl-
edge of their faculty and thus
improved their teaching and re-
search performance at home.
From a practical viewpoint, Cor
nell University learned certain
agricultural techniques working in
Southeast Asia that have been
useful in upstate New York.
Educators believe it important
to mesh the technical training and
academic programs. For example,
more Indian philosophers. poets
and intellectual leaders should
come to the United States not
only to widen our horizons but
also to make Indians feel that we
are not trying to dominate their
culture but that we recognize that
education exchange can be mutu-
ally beneficial.
AS the State Department pre-
pares to exert its leadership role.
it faces the task Of devising an
international education policy
that will develop fully our national
potential-both public and pri-
vate-in line with our foreign
policy without impairing our long
range cultural programs that have
won worldwide recognition.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22

tiles involve training foreigners in
the United States and third coun-
tries, as we'll as supplying United
States technical advisers and
funds to foreign education systems
and institutions.
The program whereby American
universities, under contract with
ICA, loan their outstanding ex-
perts to guide the economies and
governments of underdeveloped
countries is perhaps one Of the
most useful, as well as least ex-
pensive, of any now in operation.
These specialists conduct educa-
ton research and training pro-
grams in economics. engineering.
medicine, agriculture. public and
business administration.
Acting on the conviction that
many Far Eastern countries must
develop a competent civil service
in order to survive, University Of
Indiana professors in Thailand
have been trying to revise con-
cepts of civil service and public
administration. Also, in the Phil
ippines. the University of Michi-
gan and the University Of the
Philippines have established an
Institute Of Public Administration
to instruct officials and render ad-
visory services to the government.
Troinins in Toiwon
In Taiwan Purdue University
has trained hundreds of Chinese
engineers to assist its industrial
development. This project meant
furnishing engineering professors
to advise Cheng Chung Univer-
sity in undermining its courses,
laboratories, textbooks and library
facilities.
In India, where basic knowledge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22

such as do people wear feathers
in Chile? Are there many Indians
in Chile? Where is Chile? Do you
have automobiles in Chile?
So, I had elaborated a series
of witty answers to those ques-
tons, but they still remain I'M
asked.
Instead, I have found students
in New York who have discussed
Poet Gabriela Mistral with me,
people who have asked me how
our new President is fighting in
flation in Chile, others who have
wanted to know what university
life is like in my country.
In general, I have found in the
American student a growing in
terest in the problems Of the
Latin American countries, an
eagerness to learn more about
their customs. economy and po-
litical situation.
One student I asked about this
told me: American students
have realized they have lost too
much time. They have isolated
themselves from the rest Of the
world and now they're trying to
catch up"
The Language Question
1t is the same with languages,
she explained. North Americans
didn't care much about learning
other languages. They expected
foreigners to meet them on their
own ground. And when Ameri-
cans went abroad, they always
found someone who could speak
English.
But things have changed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
information Limited

Reporters efforts to elicit more
information proved fruitless. Mr..
Quarles was fanked at the press
conference by DR.. Frank H. Shell
ton and Roy w. johnson, Penta-
gon specialists in defense re-
search: Herbert York, director of
defense research and engineering,
and DR.. william ]. Thaler Of the
office Of naval research. But Mr..
Quarles would not allow the scien-
lists to answer questions without
his specific permission in each
instance.
We've been here more than an
hour" said one irate reporter to
Mr.. Quarles, land we still don't
know what your basic purposes
were In the experiment. :"
In such an absence OF facts,
speculation was inevitable. There
were opinions expressed that the
radiation belt created by the test
explosions would render the Ma
TONS entire radar and commune
cations system useless. Others
suggested that the entire concept
Of the antimissile missile, as rep
resented by the Nike-Zeus project
now under way, had been made
obsolete, a development denied by
Mr.. Quarles. He would say only
that the experiment had con-
tributed general knowledge to the
subject. and that it had provided
data affecting the development of
a ballistic missile warning system.
How, he would not say. and he
left no room for doubt that he
regretted the leak" that had
forced him to talk about Project
Argus at all. II think our national
security was served" by secrecy in
such matters, he told the newsmen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
Umbrella of EIectrons

Another possible effect of the
radiation belt was the creation
of an umbrella" Of electrons and
neutrons which might in theory
prevent penetration by nuclear-
warhead missiles. Apparently.
Project Argus demonstrated the
unfeasibility Of this theory. DR..
York gave some details Of the
radiation belt experiment. which
he said was based on a theory by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-03-22
SENATE

S 1904. A bill to increase the
United States subscriptions to the
International Monetary Fund and
the World Bank by $1,375, 900, 900
and $3.175, 100000, respectively.
Passed. 1910 3D., 48-5; r., $3.50,
March 10, 1859.
FOR: Byrd and Robertson. Democrats of
Virginia: Butler and Beall, Republicans
of Maryland