davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19

A free trade zone has been pro-
claimed. And there is the poten-
tial that more than $40 million
in new funds and credits could be
poured into the economy.
While there are many signs of a
new era of better relations, things
were not always so promising on
this island baStion off the Red
China coast. In July, 1856. stu
dents from the University of the
Ryukyus surged through the
streets Of Naha. Okinawa's CAPT.
tai, shouting, Go home, Yankee!"
Tear down the flag" and re
version to Japan!"
In 1857 and early 1858 extreme
leftistS. riding emotions stirred by
Americas bitterly-opposed mill
tary land requisitioning program,
won three successive Naha cleo
lions.
And on May Day 1858, Red ban
nerS were flying in Naha even as
Gen. Booth took his oath of Office.
Then things began to happen.
"Boothograms" - little scrubbed
notes signed only with a scrawled
"B"-went coursing through chan
nelS to energized officials, demand
ing "how about this!" or get on
this right away!"
Naha Mayor Saiichi KaneShi,
who once had close political ties
with Kamejiro Senaga, leftist
leader, praised Gen. Booth for
the more peaceful and co-opera-
tive spirit that now exists" and
the rising prosperity of the
islands.
Even in Japan, which still re-
tains residual sovereignty over the
islands, there is the beginning of
a grudging admission that the
United States is doing a good job
on Okinawa.
While tensions have eased and
progress has been made, there re-
mains the basic economic prob
lem of a land that has been
gripped by poverty for centuries.
These statistics tell the story:
Total land-542,632 acres; ara
BILE land-153,200 acres; with
drawn for U. S. military use
$500 arabic acres (4,591 of them
still available for full crop farm
ing; OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES before
the war, $4,000 now. Result
5,400 persons per arabic acre,
highest in the world.
Reforms Effected
Such grim base has meant
near starvation in the past for the
Ryukyuans. But since Gen. Booth
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19

Ticking office al the height Of onti-
American feeling. the new United
Stetes commissioner Of okinowo de-
cided that solving Oriental problems
required understanding them. This school
vas not the school Of textbooks but
that greet and tough college Of first
hand experience. He went everywhere
end in his woke there were widening
rippIes Of improved relations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19
ny LILLIAN LEVY
contrfbutinE Writer

wARSAW-Poland is an Iron
Curtain country with a split per-
sonalty.
The orientation OF its body
polite is East while the heart and
mind Of its people lean spiritually
and culturally to the West.
This conflict has given an an
omalouS and ambivalent character
to its governmental policies to-
ward religion, economy. and civil
liberties that is unique among the
countries Of the Soviet bloc.
Although Communist theology
Is militantly anti-clerical and
athelStic, the present Communist
government Of Poland permits the
teaching Of the catechism in its
state schools, has provided the
funds with which a vast number
of churches destroyed or damaged
in World War II have been re-
stored, and has. for the most part,
ignored the independent building
Of new shrines not authorized.
This religious tolerance does not
mean that the Polish rulers are
less anti-religiouS than their Com
munist counterparts elsewhere. 1t
is. rather, a form of enlightened
Self-interest induced by recogni-
ton Of the deeply rooted domi-
nance OF the Catholic Church
among the Polish people.
Poles will submit to many re-
strictions against their personal
liberties. but government action
directed against their right to
worship freely as Catholics in
variably provokes open resent
ment and demonstration.
This fact of Polish life was i'm
pressed again upon government
leaders recently when an official
attempt to eliminate newly Gre
ated shrine near Lublin in the
small town of Krasnik Fabryczny
provoked open demonstrations in
considerable numbers among the
townSpeople.
According to reliable reports,
numerous arrests were made until
the authority of government final
L. was forcibly established.
The probability is that in time
the shrine will be rebuilt
this time with government ap-
proval.
Little Orthodoxy
The same enlightened self-in-
tereSt also extends to economic
practices that run counter to
Marxist dogma.
When it was demonstrated that
the production of individual farm
ers doubled that of farmers work.
ing on comparative-sized holdings
under collectivism, the vast ma
tority of collective farm-holdings
were returned to individual own
ership. Very few state-owned COL
lective farms remain today. Also,
individual enterprise in other
areas is not discouraged.
There is a remarkably great
amount of freedom in artistic ex-
preston D.. except in print. The
press is under firm government
control While the reporting.
however. is honest. it is limited
in scope and subject matter.
For example. the incident at
Krasnik Fabryczny received at
tention in the American press.
There was no mention of it in
any Of the Polish newspapers or
other information media.
Where internal affairs are con-
cerned. the rule seems to be. If
you cannot say anything good,
don't say it in print" But you
can say it out loud.
Restrictions against writing do
not apply to vocal freedom of
speech Poles may talk; and oh,
how they talk!
Conversation in Poland is a
favorite form of relaxation.
Everything from atomic fallout
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19
Poland, Pulled Two Ways, y
Keeps Distrust of Germans

remarking to visitors:
"See our Palace of Culture2 It's
small, but handsome, don't you
Think"
Sometimes they boldly remark
in witticiSms Of that kind even to
Soviet visitors-a treatment un-
heard of by most Russians, and
an attitude they heartily dislike.
But the Russians and Poles
are notorious for feuding on mat
tiers of every scope, and have done
so for quite some time
This. Polish dislike OF Russia
and things Russian is deeply
rooted in history.
How then explain the current
Polish Russian togetherness?
A leading Polish intellectual's
explanation is. 1T is true that the
Russian Bear is not to our liking;
but we prefer it to any alliance
that would include the Teutonic
German Boar. Twice in a gener-
alton, we have suffered from Ger
many whom our former allies are
rearming. We fear a rearmed
Germany and need the security
of a strong and friendly neigh
Dor. We have not forgotten the
monstrous efforts Of the German
people under Hitler to take from
us both lives and freedom. Now
we have our lives; and with life
there is hope for a better to-
morrow"
The concept of German redemp-
ton under Adenauer is unac-
ceptable to the Polish people.
Dealings with East Germany are
justified because 1t is under Rus
sian control and its former Nazi
leaders are not in power. The
firm control and policing of East
Germany by Russia is applauded
by the Poles.
The fact that not one single
Polish family went through World
War II without having at least
one of its members numbered
among the millions Of Nazi VIC
tins explains the intensely bitter
feeling against Germans and Ger
many.
Distrust Is Bitter
They believe the anti-Nazi char
acter ascribed to Germany under
Adenauer by the West is dan
gerous f-deluSion.
They point to the restoration Of
wealth and prestige to those Ger
mans who prof1ted under Hitler by
Adenauer's government.
How can government be &C
cepted as anti-Nazi in character"
asked one Polish doctor forced to
X-ray Polish victims of German
surgical experiments at Ravens
brueck Concentration Camp for
Women. when it rewards and
permits those who designed. or
dered and carried out on helpless
human victims. men. women and
children, the inhuman experiments
in medicine that made a mockery
out of the humanitarian princi-
piles Of this Science?"
When it comes to Germany, Po-
fish conversation inevitably turns
to the past because it still is SO
vivid and painful. But mostly, the
preference is for talk Of the pres
ent.
Polish people are acutely and
UNDERSTANDABLE sensitive to world
tensions. They argue persuasively
and earnestly for peaceful cock
istence and believe that East and
West can adjust differences II
they are not pushed into war
over Germany.
They believe talks at any level
are good and if continued long
enough must result in better I'M
derstanding and ultimately peace
between the two world powers.
Toward this result, the talking
Poles urge those world leaders
now meeting at Geneva to keep
talking"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19
BY EARL H. VOSS
Star stan Writer

One Of the lesS-known worries
Of the United Nations secretariat
is the threat that prostitution
poses for the women of the world.
The problem is no less acute
now that apparently a new trend
has developed in the sexual be-
havior of the human female.
The professional prostitute, a
recent U. N. study shows, is losing
her standing to the promiScuous
woman or "good-time girl"
Promiscuity becomes to these
females, the U. N. found, part of
their mode of living because it
enables them to obtain the lux
urles they crave or the compan-
ionship they lack"
Loss of human dignity and
threat to human rights are not
diminished in the transformation,
however.
So the Economic and Social
Council of the United Nations
continues to map its program of
action to prevent prostitution,
rehabilitate its practitioners, re-
press the traffic in persons and
exploitation of prostitution by
others and stamp out venereal
disease.
White Slave Conference
Campaigns like this have been
thriving on the international level
since 1904, when the first inter-
national agreement for the sup
preston of the white slave traffic
was written. The League of
Nations worked diligently on the
problem.
Twenty-Five nations, not includ-
ing the United States. are now
signatories or ratifiers of a United
Nations convention for the sup
preston of the traffic in persons
and of the exploitation of the
prostitution of others.
The Soviet Union. most of the
Soviet satellites, and a great num-
Der of Middle East and Oriental
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19

to anti-Semitism (still a Polish
disease) is fair game for dis
cuSsion.
Prime verbal target, however.
is Soviet Russia. Disparaglng re-
marks out loud about
our Soviet comrades are the
rule rather than the exception.
Tolerance of this is evidence of
the independent character of
Polish communism and the pres
ent group of Polish Communist
leaders who openly resent refer
ence to Poland as Soviet
satellite.
Any such reference is angrily
countered with. rs Great Britain
an American satellite?" The reply
that Great Britain is an in
dependent ally of the United
States prompts. That is precisely
the relationship Poland bears to
the USSR. We are an independ-
ent ally"
independence Strong
The considerable independence
Of this particular Soviet ally DEM
onstrates itself in many forms.
For example. Prof. Samuel
Sharp. historian on leave from
American University, was invited
to deliver two lectures here at the
academy. He lectured last month
to a group of distinguished acade-
micianS.
This would ordinarily not be
particularly noteworthy except for
the fact that Prof. Sharp has
earned for himself a place on the
list Of those Americans most dis
liked by the Soviet Union by vir-
tue of his authorship of Poland:
White Eagle Under Red Filth"
book, as the title implies, very
uncomplimentary to Russia.
At recent state function
honoring a visiting American dig
uitary, the entertainment in
cluded rendition of a song which
bemoaned the blight placed on
"our beloved Warsaw" by Soviet
Russia. 1t was applauded enthusi-
astically.
From the Polish taxi driver to
the Polish intellectual, the Palace
of Culture, gift" from the So
Wet Union, is an eyesore described
in terms that reflect neither graft
itude nor appreciation of the gen.
crosby "of our Soviet comrades"
The Poles love to tell one par
ticular anecdote about that build
ing, a garish skyscraper of a type
that was built in the United States
in the first quarter of this CEN
tury. 1t can be seen for miles
in any direction from Warsaw,
and fits the distinguished, almost
medieval look of much of the city
about as we'll as klieg light
among candelabra.
Sophisticated Poles are well
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19

based its study on a worldwide
survey in countries like Rumania,
France. Japan, China. Ceylon.
Britain, Spain. Israel. Australia.
Chile, Cambodia and the Soviet
Union.
Social reforms. the U. N. be-
lieveS, could play an important
part in wiping out prostitution.
The Soviet Union is singled out
as an example. The Kremlin re-
ports that radical" social changes
like eliminating unemployment.
raising living standards. intenSi-
flying social services, and giving
women full equality with men
these measures have eliminated
the conditions giving rise to pros
titution. namely material inSe-
curity and the lack of legal safe
guards for women"
But the United Nations report
also takes note of other countries
experiences:
In many a country with a
prosperous economy, a high stand
ard Of living and of education,
full equality of men and women,
and a well-advanced programme
of social services. the problem of
prostitution is still unsolved.
Whenever economic conditions
had improved the pattern of
prostitution had changed but the
problem remained; the number of
Streetwalkers and of persons who
drift to prostitution through eco
nomic necessity had decreased
appreciably. but the number of
call girls who take to proStitu-
ton to obtain the luxury they
crave has greatly increased. The
suggestion was thus made that
prostitution appears to require
for its existence a certain surplus
Of wealth and energy at least
among one class of the population
and to be favored by an unequal
distribution of wealth."
Is Legislation Needed
Should nations legislate against
clandeStine prostitution and pub
lie provocation" to prostitution.
lie. Streetwalking?
The U. N. Secretariat thinks
not. The arguments. pro and con,
are instructive.
"ProhibitioniStS," or advocates
OF restrictive legislation, base their
case on five points:
l. Governments have a reSpon-
sibility to regulate public morals in
the interest of the public good:
hence they should declare pros
titution a punishable offenSe.
?. If prostitution is not a punish
able offense and regulation is
ended, clandeStine. uncontrolled
prostitution will mushroom and
the state will lose its opportunity
to control it.
3. Prescribing the exploitation
OF prostitution by others would
become immensely more difficult
if prostitution itself were not a
punishable offenSe.
4. Recruitment of women and
girls ION the borderline" may be
encouraged to take up prostitution
if they know there is no law
against it.
5. The public may interpret lack
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19
OLDEST PROFESSION
U. N. Pushes Fight on World Prostitution

nations have ratified the instru-
ment.
Over the last half century the
experts on abolition of the great
social evil of prostitution have
developed set of principles.
The present United Nations
convention. for instance, binds
its adherents to abolish all laws
seeking to regulate prostitution.
Registering the women, requiring
them to carry special documents,
licensing houses of Prostitution
all these measures simply have no
effect either on controlling vene-
real diseases or improving public
order. according to the findings
of League of Nations and subse-
quent inquiries.
In 1856 an International Con-
gress on Prostitution at Frank
furt-on Main, in Germany. pro-
claimed:
Regulation of prostitution is a
fragrant contradiction of the lib
critics and respect for dignity
which form an integral part of
the rights of both men and
women"
The idea that venereal diseases
can be controlled by licensing
brothels was attacked at a Stock
holm conference in 1857. The
International Union against the
Venereal Diseases and Trepone-
matoses concluded that the cam
paign against VD is bound to fail
if measures are limited only to
prostitutes.
Social UpheovoI Cited
This is true the United Nations
Secretariat now explains. because
lin recent years there has been a
vast social upheaval in sexual be-
havior and, because of the relax
alton of morals, the social pattern
in many countries has developed
TO the stage where the prostitute
is no longer the major factor
in the spread of veneral disease"
The United Nations secretariat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19
Lows Don't AIwoys Work

Fifth, in terms Of results. mere
enactments have never eliminated
prostitution in the past. Making
prostitution criminal offense
generally leads to clandestine op-
erations which fall into the hands
Of "a ruthless underworld organi-
zatlon." The report says: LAS
long as demand for prostitution
exists on the part of men. there
Will evidently be a corresponding
supply on the part Of women,
despite the penalties inflicted on
the latter"
Sixth, prohibitioniSt policy de-
pendS on police espionage and
entrapment which is itself detri-
mental to the common good"
Seventh. prohibitionism creates
among prostitutes an antagonist
attitude which hampers rehabiu-
tation.
The United Nations secretariat
sides With the "abolitionists OF
course. in concluding that: Legal
provisions prescribing prostitution
should not therefore be considered
as prerequisite measures to he
taken in conjunction with the
abolition of the regulation of
prostitution"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-07-19

Of prohibition as an indication the
government tolerateS commercial
lied vice as "a necessary evil"
Those against prohibition. who
call themselves "abolitionists,
list couEterarguments:
First. re gulatory legislation
would require a definition of the
word prostitution If the word
prostitute were given broad mean
ing, it would lead to ''unwarranted
interference in private life which
would be contrary to Article IL
OF the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
Article - reads: No one shall
be subjected to arbitrary inter-
ference with his privacy. family.
home or correspondence. nor to
attacks upon his honor and repu-
tation. Everyone has the right to
the protection of the law against
such interference or attacks" If,
on the other hand the word pros
titute were given a narrow mean
ing, it would be difficult to estab-
liSh charges against offenders.
The abolitioniStS' second reason
for opposing legal regulation is
aimed at the discrimination
against women. Both the prosti-
tute and her client are equally
responsible. the abolitionists con-
tend. Yet, whenever the law
inflictS penalties on the client as
well as on the protitute. expert
ence shows that. in practice, the
represSive measures are enforced
on the prostitute alone"
Thirdly. between prostitution
and other sexual relations outside
wedlock there is only difference
in degree and it would be unjust
to limit the penalty only to per-
sons whose acts meet the arbitrary
crlterla set forth in penal def
milton of prostitution.
Fourth. penal law should not
take note of every immoral act.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
Youngstown bb Ready
For Nominations Meet

YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio -
Nominations of Candidates
for Delegates to the CFU's
10th Quadrennial Convention
will take place Sunday, May
"a, during the regular month
ly meeting Of "St. George"
Lodge sc.
The meeting will be held in
the Croatian Home, 1912 w.
Federal St., and start at 2
pm. sharp.
To be eligible for Candi-
date, the nominee must have
attended at least four month
ly meetings of Lodge 66 dur
ing the years 1856, 1857 and
1858.
All members are most ur-
gently requested to attend
the Nav "a meeting.
Frank TurkOvich, Pres.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
AIiquippa's Jadran Singers To Stage
2bth Anniversary Concert On May 24th
Jadran Junior Tamburitzans To Thrill
Crowd With Special Musical Selections

ALIQUIPPA, Pa. = Sun
day, May "a, is the day for
"Jadran" Glee Clubs 26th
Anniversary Celebration.
The fete will take place at
the spacious CIO Hall, Frank
lin Avenue, at 800 pm, be-
ginning with a program fea-
turing the Glee Club, Soloists,
Ladies' and Mems Choruses.
Our guests will also be
thrilled again by the Jad-
ran Junior Tamburitzans
under the very capable
Don Knezevich of the Du-
quesne University Tambur-
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
Brownsville Members
Get New Sick Chairman

w. BROWNSVILLE, Pa
This is to inform the members
Of "Sveti Vid" CFU Lodge
3O7 that the Lodge has cleo
ted a Sick Committee Chair
man and in the future all
forms, information, etc., con-
cerning sick benefits, must be
obtained from him.
Address your inquiries to
bro. Pete Ozegovic, Brier Hill,
Pa, phone Chapel 9-6303, as
your secretary will no longer
handle these affairs.
Steve Yerant, Secy.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
itzans School of Music.

itzans School of Music.
1t is seldom, indeed, that
any young group of Tammies
can boast Of as many new
friends as our juniors have
made in recent months.
Later in the evening there
will be dancing at the Gro
attain Social and IGlee Club
"Jadran's" clubrooms to the
tunes of Don Knezevich and
his Polka Tams.
Don't forget to reserve May
"a for a typical "Jadran''
celebration.
William j. Zivitz
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
Rankin { Nominees To
Be Decided On May 18th

RANKIN, Pa. - Members
of Croatian Fraternal Union
Lodge 6 are invited to attend
the next regular meeting on
Sunday, May II, at 200 pm,
in the Croatian Home.
In addition to our regular
order of business we will hold
nomination of candidates for
two Lodge 6 Delegates to the
Forthcoming CFU Convention
which will be held in Detroit,
Mich, this coming September.
Mary CubakOvic, Secy
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13

tesy of the host Lodge and
the Society's Home Office.
The boys and girls will
have their social inning
Saturday, May Is, in the
Pick Ohio Hotel. The par
ty is to start-at 5 pm. and
the refreshments, enter
tainment. etc., will be on
the house.
Only those youngsters en-
tered in tournament play are
eligible to attend this party.
Highlight of this gathering
will be the presentation of
trophies to the Junior cham
pions, with the winners to be
announced for the second
time during the Victory Ban
quet and Dance at the Eagles
Building on Sunday evening,
May 18th.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
West AIIis 731 Dance
HiqhIiqht Of Nav 23rd

WEST ALLIS, Wise. -
"Pathfinders" Croatian Fra
ternal Union Lodge 731 will
stage a Dance on Saturday,
May %, beginning at 8 pm.
Kralj's Hall, located at s.
6Oth and w. Madison StS.,
will be the scene of the
frolic, with AL Rodig's Or
chestra providing the mu-
sic.
Admission will be only fifty
cents and there will be enjoy
ment for all who attend.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1959-05-13
Convention Pleas
Must Be In Order
Lodges Must Act
On Every Request

PITTSBURGH - This is
to inform all lodges, and the
membership, that the Home
Office has prepared special
applications for d o n a t i o n,
which will be used by those
members applying for dona-
tions from the Forthcoming
Convention.
All lodges, which antici-
pate having destitute and
needy members, who will
apply for donations from
the Convention, must re-
quest these applications, so
that they have same on
hand when a member seeks
a donation.
We will not take into con.
sideration any application
which has not been approved
at the regular meeting of the
lodge.
Also, we will disregard al
applications which have not
been submitted on the form
prepared by the Home Office
In the past we have re
ceived much criticism aftel
Conventions that donations
were given to members wh'
were not deserving,
The membership of every
lodge must be very care
full when approving such
applications at the lodge
meeting.
All applications must be a
the Home Office by Septem
ber 1, 1859.
F.! For the Executive Board
Joseph Bella
Supreme Secretar