davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Clear Sky Rodor Echoes BoffIinq
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

water vapor content tempo
rarily exist.
THE phenomena produc-
ing angels can, at present,
be detected only with radar.
AS a result they have not yet
received much attention from
meteorologists and have not
been Incorporated into rou-
tine weather analysis"
Many angels" still defy
logical explanation, the re-
port points out. Some are
quite similar to static noise"
on the radio. These, how
ever, probably are not echoes
but radiations from radio
stars, the sun, lightning and
auroras.
Radar Stations Proposed
"As radars have become
more powerful and installed
in different parts of the
United States and the
world" DR.. Lydia says, IAN
unanticipated variety of
radiation of coSmic, atmos-
pheric, oceanic and terres-
trial origin has been found
either to produce or be asso-
ciated with these echoes.
About the only thing certain
is that the list is not COM
plete. 1t is quite possible that
echoes will be found asso-
ciated with high-altitude jet
streams, coSmic radiation,
and terrestrial or atmos-
pheric radioactivity."
Already, he reports, there
are proposals to place power
full radar stations on high
mountain peaks over the
United Subsequently, in
places where they may serve
several airf1elds.
Looking farther to the
future and farther from
home" he says, 1.-THE time
may come when automatic
radar stations will be in
stalled in uninhabited but
meteorologically significant
regions of the world, such as
the polar caps. These sta
tons. serviced only a few
times a year, would transmit
observations of conditions in
the areas. They would have
a tremendous advantage
over conventional automatic
weather stations because
they could observe storms
not actually at the station
and probe conditions in the
free air miles above the sur
face. Whether or not man
ever can alter the course of
weather, he can, with radar,
prevent it dealing him so
many surprises. Someday
earth circling weather radar
satellites may scan the vast,
empty oceans day and night
for signs of early disturb
ances that will affect con-
tinental weather days or
weeks later"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
Holiday at Gettysburg

We hope President Eisenhower gets
as much rest and relaxation as possible
during his current vacation" at Gettys-
burg. For before the month ends he
will embark on an extraordinarily stren-
uouS and prolonged program of inter-
national travel and talk, and nothing
could be more Salutary for him, mean
while, than the tonic effects of bit of
loaf1ng and some reasonably low-score
rounds Of golf.
The heavy work will begin when he
flies to Bonn on August rs to spend a
day with Chancellor Adenauer. After
that, he will be of to London to confer
with Prime Minister Macmillan, and
then he will go to Paris for converSa-
lions with President De Gaulle. These
are necessary trips constituting an es-
Sential prelude to Mr.. EiSenhower'S get
together with Soviet Premier Khru-
Shchev. They are designed, among
other things, to reaSSure the free Ger
mans and to head off any inter-allied
misunderstanding that might weaken
the Vests solidarity and basic concert
~ 'AN"o VA DSAAAAA c41h 1C4dOC0 1OOuCOs
There will be nothing easy, of course,
about these ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS talks.
They will be friendly and all that, but
still they will involve lot of CONVEX
sational labor, not to mention many
long hours of the kind of travel that
can be wearing. And after he has
completed this phase of his personal
diplomacy" the President will face the
immediate prospect-by mid-September
of playing host to Mr.. KhruShchev
and engaging In number of exhaustive
and possibly fateful informal" confer
enceS with him. In technical sense,
there will be no negotiations" between
the two, but what they say to each other
will certainly add up to much more than
mere chitchat in terms of the worlds
hopes and fears.
Finally, assuming that events do
not intervene to create some ugly new
Soviet-American tension, Mr.. Eisen-
hover, after Mr.. Khrushchev has visited
among us, will fly to the Soviet Union.
There he will spend a number of DAYS
making public appearances in this place
and that, and he will continue his
private talks with the Premier-talks
aimed at effecting genuine thaw in
the cold war in an effort to lay the
groundwork for a decent, trustworthy
and enduring world peace. To put it
mildly, this kind of labor amounts to
something less than a Sinecure on Easy
street; 1t is the sort of thing that can
hardly fail to be more than slightly
exhauSting.
So we trust that the Presidents
present Gettysburg holiday - which
still entails more than a little inescap-
able official work - will be relaxing
enough to refresh him in flesh, mind
and spirit. Beyond that, along with
countless others around the world, we
can only hope and pray that the hard
task he has set for himself will in the
end be crowned with success.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
Questions and Answers
By THE HASKIN SERVICE
A by mail to


@. Please give some infor-
nation about the Great
Lakes "ghost Ship" the Crit
fon.-C. r.
A. The Griffon was the
first vessel launched on the
Great Lakes by white men.
a sailing vessel built for trad
ing purposes by the French
explorer LaSalle. She was
lost on her first voyage. On
August Z, 1879, the Griffon
left Squaw Island within
the present city Of Buffalo,
N. " and set sail on Lake
Erie with Green Bay, Wis
consin, as her destination.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
Local Suffrage Plan

AS long as your paper has
taken the trouble to circulate
some pretty ridiculous alter
natives in the battle to give
District citizens full voting
rights, I think someone
should include the correct
method Of handling this
problem.
Actually I didn't find the
correct solution until I noticed
the way Congress handled
the District problem in the
first place. If anyone will take
the trouble to look at the
early record they will find
that when the District was
first transferred to the ex-
elusive control of Congress
on December 10, 1871, all the
details were delegated to the
State of Maryland. Up until
1900 the District citizens
voted in local and national
elections with great regularity
and were recognized every
where as citizens Of the State
Of Maryland.
My point is, that If the
citizens of the District were
Maryland citizens in 1900,
then they are still Maryland
citizens and fully protected
by the Constitution against
anything less than a repub-
lican form of government.
If Congress will simply
acknowledge that it was right
in the first place, recognize
us as Maryland citizens, give
us Immediately two seats in
the House and redelegate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12

Laden with furs, she was
lost on the return trip. One
tradition is that she was
wrecked in the treacherous
half-mile strait, Porte des
Mortes deaths Door,
which separates Wisconsin's
Door Peninsula and WASH
ington Island at it's tip. Over
the years Great Lakes sail
ors have insisted that the
Griffon never went down,
but that the ship Cor its
ghosO has been sighted from
time to time, scudding over
the water as if in the teeth
of a gale.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12

atomic war, they would lose
nothing by q general dis
armament Of these weapons.
and they could use the money
thus saved for other purposes
AS could we.
william P. Thomas, Jr.
Richard Nixon and his wife
made an excellent contribu-
ton to the cause Of world
peace in their goodwill trip to
Russia. Nixon's personal be-
havior, together with the
humanitarian approach to
the rank and file Of the
Russian people, have earned
for him the applause and
admiration Of people Of good
will everywhere, not only in
the USSR and the United
States Of America but all
over the face of the globe.
There has been at times
considerable misunderstood
ing of our position, not alone
in foreign governmental
circles but among the little
people of those foreign lands.
Nixon's recent trip to Russia
has dispelled much of this
misunderstanding and spear
headed an affirmative move
ment for world peace.
Eliot J. Gleszer.
- = 4
It would be Of interest to
the people of the United
States to have q statement
from the President concern
ing the proposed visit of Mr..
and Mrs. Nikita Khrushchev
to America. From what I
have read so far, it seems
they want to come on a holi-
day, to visit the U.N. and
other spots Of interest. We
do have many wonderful
points Of culture. including
q handshake for a guest,
whether friend or enemy. We
should be open-minded, as
well as vigilant.
Dorothy Denis0n.
&& 4 4
We have been requested by
the President of the United
States when KhruShchev
comes to visit the United
States to make use of our
best manners.
Could it be, Khrushchev
had instructed the Russians
to use their best manners
when Vice President Nixon
made a tour of their country?
William E. Newgent.
\ 4 y \
If the Democrats refuse
to applaud Mr.. Nixon, for a
job we'll done, on his return
from Russia, shall they do
more for Khrushchev? When
any national statesman does
a good job, he should be
given proper acclaim. Peace,
and all efforts in this be-
half, should be a nonpcliti-
cal effort, a bipartisan is
sue. It affects us all in
America, regardless Of polit-
ical leaningS. I, as q Demo-
crat, am aSham e. they
should have fallen so short
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12

There are a lot OF wing
loose angels"
These are radar echoes
from a clear sky whose
sources have been deter
mined in only a few instances
thus picturesquely called
by radar weather observers.
The unknown angels" may
be a notable factor in future
weather research, says DR..
Myron @ H. Lydia, director
OF aerophysics investigations
at Stanford Research Insti-
tute at Menlo Park, Calf.
1t is known that radar
waves are echoed by storms,
raindrops, snowflakes, ice
crystals and hailstones. Most
of the echoes are extremely
weak. The strength of those
from a storm area Tan be
used to calculate the size and
extent of a storm. Compar-
ison of observations made at
suitable intervals reveal such
factors as storm velocity, in
classification and dissipation,
direction and growth. Some
times their distribution tells
precisely the kind of storm.
Hurricanes and typhoons. for
example, are easily identi-
fable. Sometimes tornadoes
can be detected about the
minute they form. before they
are observable by any other
means.
Try to Identify Echoes
Numerous efforts, he says,
are being made to identify
the echoes from a clear sky,
and some of the sources at
least are strongly suspected.
Birds" says DR.. Lydia,
definitely produce ra a r
echoes. This has attracted
the attention of meteorolo-
gists for at least two reasons.
First, actions of some species
of birds detachable by radar
are strongly influenced by
weather conditions. For ex-
ample, gulls range far to sea
during periods of fair
weather but come inland
when storms are near. In
sect catcherS like swallows
and bats must vary their
altitude depending on
whether insects are being
carried aloft by turbulent
surface winds. Extensive
flocks of birds give echoes
that behave much like rain
echoes.
"Of more immediate i'm
portance as angel sources
are temperature and mois-
ture gradients. Echoes from
these usually are found asSo-
ciated with air mass and sea
breeze fronts, first-gust lines
Of thunderstorms, and points
in the atmosphere where VOL
umes of air of strongly con-
traSting temperature and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
Moth Book Critic
Samuel Lightman.

The arithmetic book used
by the 8th-grade pupils in
the Northwood Junior High
School, Montgomery County,
Maryland, contains an in
teresting problem and picto-
graph on page 143 dealing
with how long it would take
a person in each of six coun-
tries to earn enough to buy
a package of cigarettes.
The authors use of a pack
age of cigarettes for an 9Th
grade illustration arouseS my
curiosity about other neceS-
sites. How long would it
take a person, for instance, to
earn enough for a bottle of
gin? How long for a package
of marihuanas?
This is brainwaShing, in
territorial or otherwise.
DR.. Harold F. Dorm in
Public Health Reports,
monthly publication of the
Public Health Service, states
that the death rate for
regular cigarette smokers
from all causes was So per
cent greater than for nom
smokers. And for those who
smoked two packs a day, the
death rate was nearly twice
that of abstainers.
If the arithmetic book
authors were consistent they
would include a "B" part to
the problem and ask the
students to figure out how
long it would take each per-
son in the six countries to
earn enough for q simple
funeral.
Paul McIlvaine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
LETTERS TO THE STAR
Armchair Views Of Travellers Khrushchev and Nixon

W.
1t is with distressed con-
Germ that I note our high
est Defense Department off,
cial Is willing, even eager.
to show Khrushchev certain
American bomber bases and
missile test centers, some of
which are actually off-limits
to United States citizens.
with the underlying idea that
Mr.. K. should be informed of
Americas power. Does any
intelligent person really think
the results could have the
slightest influence whatever,
except possibly to cause
Khrushchev to recast his
timetable? II we appear to be
stronger than he thought we
were. he may postpone his
schedule for a few years; or,
If we appear weaker, he may
find he can advance his plans.
But it will not change one
whit or iota the basic aim of
world communism, as repeat
eddy proclaimed by Khru-
shchev himself-to bury"
capitalism. especially its in
ternational leader, the United
States.
Alan r. McCracken.
It has been said that the
present Russian policy toward
the anti-Communist world is
the soft" approach. In pur-
suing this theme. Khrushchev
has already scored in repuls-
ing the idea that he visit
military installations, to see
how powerful a nation we
are. He says that he comes
for peaceful reasons, not to
rattle the saber-So that
takes a little wind out Of the
sails of those who wished to
show him things not per-
mitted the ordinary citizen,
who pays for military prof.
ects out of his hard-earned
cash. But the Russians have
said that they can win the
cold war by economic rather
than military weapons. So
why should they accent the
military, except for political
''hot air.?
If I were Khrushchev, ]
would make one big move
which would be entirely in
keeping with the soft touch
method, and one which could
go far in disarming the an
tagonism created by the Com
munist regime. 1t would be
simply to say: I Cor WEI have
decided that we will propose
to further implement the
abolition Of atomic weapons
by urging that an inter-
national commission be ap-
pointed to inspect, oversee
and recommend the changes
to gradually reduce these
weapons in all countries. The
effect Of this declaration, in
view of the previous Russian
stand, would be to create
confusion in the minds of al
NATO countries as to the
Russian intentions to solve
world problems. If the Rus.
SLAMS do not want to fight ar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12

Maryland to manage local
affairs in the District, retain
ing ultimate authority in
Congress, we can lay aside our
plans for setting up a 51st
State, and give the Southern
ers a little peace.
william A. Albaugh.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
Why Go Halfway?

speaker sam RayDurn, throwing his
support behind the Elliott labor bill,
sometimes known as the COMMITTEE
bill" has taken what strikes us as being
a rather curious position.
He began by saying that "the dis
closures of racketeering, shakedownS,
bribe-giving and bribe- taking, greed
and corruption in labor-management
relations make it imperative that this
Congress pass strong, effective bill to
put an end to these criminal activities"
To this, in our judgment the great
majority of Americans will append a
hearty amen"
But why should Congress concern
itself only with "these criminal activi-
tieS"2 Why do a halfway job instead
of good job?
Mr.. Rayburn said he supports the
Elliott bill because he thinks it will
correct the worst" abuses in labor
management relations, and, in another
context, he predicted that this Congress
will wipe out the fragrant" abuses in
labor-management relations. But why
deal only with the worst abuses or the
fragrant abuses? Why not deal with all
abuses?
There is better and more effec-
tive bill pending in the House - the
Landrum- Griffin bill, which is supported
by the President. Mr.. Rayburn is
against it. And while he did not say
this specifically, he implied that he is
against it because he thinks it would
tnfiict "undeserved punishment on the
millions of honest, law-abiding men and
women who belong to unions"
Significantly, Speaker Rayburn cited
nothing which supports this view of the
Landrum- Griffin bill, and we do not
think anything can be cited which will
support it. The Landrum- Griffin bill,
bipartisan measure incidentally, diff
ferS from the Elliott bill in these four
principal respects:
1T is more effective in curbing
secondary boycottS, particularly the
shot cargo" weapon used by the Team
SterS Union.
Pit more effectively restraints or
ganizational and recognition picketing;
that is, picketing which seeks to force
employers to recognize unions even
though their employees are not union
members.
st would provide some criminal
penalties to enforce the "bill of rights"
neutrality-suspicious. for the protection
of union members contained in the
Senate bill.
At provides better remedy for
the mo mans land" problem-that area
of relatively small labor controversies
which the Federal Government will not
handle and which the States are for
hidden to handle.
In our judgment there is nothing
whatever in these provisions of the
Landrum- Griffin bill which would in
flict punishment on any law-abiding
union member. There is at least some
thing in them which would help to pro-
tect union members, nonunion workers,
honest employers and, in the end, the
general public. They ought to be part
of any strong, effective" labor reform
bill, and we hope that this Congress will
insist upon their adoption.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
gAS4WGToN STAR
-

Of giving credit, where
credit is due"-fair play that
Americans pride themselves
upon.
President Eisenhower stat
ed on TV the other night, he
had no need to curry favor
any more, he was no candi-
date for any Office. therefore
he could speak his mind
freely. But when he spoke
out for all America, includ-
ing those who have been
given safe asylum from Rus
sian domination and terror,
by inviting Khrushchev to
come over to my house."
admonishing us all to be civil
and cordial to him, he sort
Of took too much for granted.
I wonder, shall they paint
the White House red" for
this occasion? Anything to
please Mr.. K, but VIII o
Spurns to look at our
strength weapons" slyly
stating he already knows
about them" and I'll bet he
does. too. We have no secrets
from the Russians. He also
knows too well, how he's got
the Americans scared, too,
Of what weapons they have.
AnOmar StOnk.
= 4 \
Political commentators ex-
ploring for new and undis-
closed political motives for
Khrushchev'S desire to visit
the United States have come
up with nothing for the sim
pie reason there is nothing
to come up with. After all,
Khrushchev was fully briefed
by Mikoyan and Kozlov, his
trained observers. And if
either Of them left out any,
thing in their report to their
superior, Nixon in his recent
visit to Russia ably took care
to fill in the rest and leave
all doubts at rest.
Let us remember that
Khrushchev tried to initiate
the Nazis in an attempt to
win an attitude of Western
appeaSement, and failed. He
tried buster, threats and a
Berlin crisis but only sue
ceeded in uniting the free
world against him. He had q
chance at Geneva to offer a
constructive shred of hope
for peace, and failed. So, is
it not possible that his con-
templated visit to these
shores might have a person
al basis?
His visit could prove Of far
greater moment than any
summit conference would
especially when he meets
President Eisenhower. Lay
men all over the world I'M
derStand a direct contact Of
two men much better thar
a diplomatic exchange Of
platitudeS. Nixon proved il
effectively once and for all
And so the world waits with
bated breath for Khru-
shchev's visit and its out
come.
Samuel Lightman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
SIXTEENTH STREET.

Dear Sir:
II have been reading the
dictionary all my life. I do
not just read here and there,
as you say, but take it page
after page. and get a great
deal Of help out of it.
"The variety of subjects
covered in the large ones is
amazing. Practically every
thing we use in life, and al
most all we think, is in
cluded.
Whether it is medicine or
government or art or poll
tics, the big dictionaries have
a word for it!
This is because our words
are our life, in a very real
sense. We are what we
think, and what we think, at
least how we think, depends
a great deal on the diction-
airy.
Should such a book as
this. then, be read only in
Snatches?
81 do not think so. I find
I can settle down to a most
interesting and informative
hour with my unabridged,
coming up to breathe, every
now and then, since it is
not easy, as a novel is.
my advice to any young
person is to work at a die
tionary, whether large or
small. The middle-sized ones,
usually called collegiate are
very good. They contain an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-08-12
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL
BUNKER HILL ROAD NE.

BUNKER HILL ROAD NE.
Dear Sir:
I'm re dictionary reading,
may I put in my 2 cents
worth?
Some years ago, when I
asked Santa for an un-
abridged, my family threw up
their arms in despair, but my
request was granted. never
thelesS, and the big book has
been my Bible, so to speak,
ever since.
zone of my hobbies is
puzzles, and I am constantly
referring to Noah, my affec-
tionate name for the big
volume.
Currently, I am searching
for Six-letter synonyms for
a lamb, and just recently I
found over 500 names of
colorS.
IF H. F. E. Of Alexandria
had some objective, reading
the dictionary would be fun
for him or her, as it is for me.
Sincerely, D. M. c."