davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
Many Happy Returns!'

Harry Truman, rs today, wears his
years we'll and proudly. They have not
wearied him, nor have they In any dis
cernible measure dulled the zest he has
brought to a colorful career in public
life. II they have mellowed him, 1t is
a mellowness becoming TO one who may
safely and serenely quote his Bible: l
have fought good fight. have
kept the faith.
In a sense, Mr. Truman's is "the
American story"-as Americans have
believed It for generations. OF modest
family heritage and preparatory back
ground, he found his true meter in
politics and stayed with 1t from the
precincts of Kansas City TO the White
House. In his nearly eight years as
President of the United States, Mr.. Tru-
man carried responsibilities that were
awesome in their bearing upon the safety
and welfare of his country and indeed
upon world history. Some were debated
in the arena of partisan politics, and
may still be judged by such standards.
Others we're far above purely political
considerations, and these particularly
are most likely to assure the Missourian
respected place among those who have
held this Nations highest Office.
On this diamond jubilee" occasion,
however, it is Mr.. Truman himself who
has pleaded with friends that they let
the eulogieS go until later occasion
and simply join him in enjoying his
birthday. AS friend, that is good
enough for us. 1t was pleasant, as
usual, to have a former neighbor" in
town for few days earlier this week
to know that he was taking his Gus
tomary morning walks, accompanied by
reporters and interrupted by friendly
greetings, to hear his opinions before
congressional committees and his more
than ever aniable exchanges with legis-
latorS who have been both "for" and
against" him on party basis. 1t will
be fully in character tonight that his
birthday party in New York also will be
Embarrassing affair for his beloved
Democratic Party, and that the good
time assured there is being shared by
closed television circuit with so many
others in birthday mood around the
country.
We would like to add our own
many happy returns of the day!"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
Mr.. Herter's Test

Secretary Of State Herter got away
to a good start in his report TO the
Nation last evening.
This was a speech in which public
attention was focused more on the man
himself than on what he had to say.
For Mr.. Herter did not and was not ex-
pected to say anything that has not
been said before. He has inherited the
policies shaped by Mr. Eisenhower and
Mr.. Dulles. Barring some significant
and unexpected change In the interna-
tional climate, Mr.. Herter must work
within the framework of those policies.
The real question concerns his forth
coming performances at the conference
table.
In this area, Mr.. Dulles was tough,
shrewd and persistent negotiation He
bought no fancily wrapped packages
without careful scrutiny of their con-
tents. For his long years of dealing with
the Russians had taught him caution.
Mr.. Herter, on the other hand, starts
almost from scratch. He has had little
firSt-hand experience in treating with
the kind of men who are sent to the
bargaining table by the Kremlin, and his
competence to cope with them remains
to be established
In this connection, his televiSion APP
pearance was kind of personal test
a test which we thought he passed
rather well. For while Mr. Herter is
.soft-spoken man, it seems unlikely that
he is going to be bamboozled or pushed
around. At the same time, he gives
evidence of practical fiexibility which,
we believe, will be needed if anything
constructive is to emerge from the ne
gotiationS. The new Secretary of State
made it clear that we are not going to
deviate from our "baSic" principles. He
also made it clear, however, that he is
willing to negotiate with respect to the
application" of these principles, pro-
vided that concessions by us are
matched by concessions from the Rus
slams.
In these expressions, he has rather
neatly summed up what must be our
guiding policy. These are merely fair
words, however, which could be uttered
by any man. The harSher test of per-
Torrance, of the adaptation of general
principles to the give and-take of hard
boiled bargaining, lies ahead. We wish
Mr.. Herter every success as he goes forth
to meet this test.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
A Bravo in Advance

Washington, as well as the Nation at
large, may feel confident and relaxed
about the performance of 100 "ambasSa-
doris" who will take off from the Capital
later this month for approximately 80
days service in Latin America This
Semi-diplomatic delegation will be the
National Symphony Orchestra, booked
for so concerts in 19 countries to the
south as part of our Governments spe-
cial program of cultural presentations.
Founded in 1881, the National SYM
phony has progressed steadily to secure
ranking as one of the top-flight musical
organizations of til country In its tour
through Central and South America,
Director Howard Mitchell has planned
series of programs rejecting his orches-
tra'S versatility and its appeal to audi
enceS old and young. Included, for
example, will be a set of youth con-
certs" which have proved so popular as
a regular Springtime feature here. The
orchestra will begin this venture in
good neighborlineSS" in Panama City
on May 81 and will complete its schedule
with appearances in four cities of Mexico
in early August. In between, it will travel
as far south as Santiago, Chile, and
ASuncion, Paraguay, in an itinerary COW
ering more than 900 miles of air travel.
Mr.. Mitchell and the members of his
group are deserving of a bravo" in
advance for this service in the cause of
hemisphere good relations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
DR.. TeNer's Story

There are two things which strike
us as being especially significant about
the testimony of DR.. Edward Teller in
support of Lewis L. Strauss,
No one, we suppose, will question
DR.. Teller'S eminence in the scientific
fraternity or doubt that he had album
dant opportunity to observe Admiral
Strauss when the latter was connected
with the Atomic Energy Commission.
Certainly, he spoke as qualified wit
ness when he told the Senate Commerce
Committee of Admiral Strauss respect
for science, of his friendship for Scien-
fists and of his successful efforts to
provide more money for pure scientific
research while chairman of the Acc.
The significance of this is it contradictS
the testimony given the committee by
two other scientists who, without being
specific, pictured Admiral Strauss as
being destructive influence in relation
to science and scientists.
The second significant aspect of DR..
TellerS testimony lies in the fact that
no member of the committee tried to
ulSCIeulG H. OHc WOuIO have cApSCGcu
the anti-StrausS committee members to
tear into the Teller testimony. The fact
that they did not do this suggests to
us that they knew he was giving them
the correct story. If this is so, the
contention that Admiral Strauss should
be denied confirmation as Secretary of
Commerce because he is hostile to sci
ence not only falls to the ground it
becomes childish and ridiculous.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
Steel Union Demands

The steel workers have
been getting a raise each
year, practically. since the
late Franklin D. Roosevelt
took command of the Nation
and was succeeded by Harry
Truman. Even the Republic
can administration has been
going along with them as
much as possible. Unfortu-
nately, the labor unions want
more money on all occasions.
regardless of business condi-
lions or cost of production,
and they also want industry
to give them a big share If
their profits Economy is out
so far as the unions are con-
cerned; they want theirs. re-
CARELESS. How do they ex-
pect to get a raise all the
time without contributing to
imitation? Or do they care?
To continue the demands of
labor each year or every time
a new contract is due to be
executed means that we will
have imitation for the next
so years or more.
1t is up to the leaders Of
America to curtall or stop in
flation, and as long as labor
unions demand raises it will
never be stopped. No sue
cessful business will operate
under the Truman plan Of
years ago when he told steel
to give raises and not raise
prices.
Daniel B. Felker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
Segregation Debate

Ralph McGill, your new
columnist and editor of the
Atlanta Constitution, recently
said, in reference to tn e
South, THE debate is join
ed" What debate? Is there
a single mass-circulation
magazine with a policy favor
ing the South? Does any
radio or TV network employ
a news commentator who is
foursquare for segregation?
Does any bookstore feature
any book more sympathetic
to the South than "A South
ern Moderate Speaks?
On rare occasions one finds
an article by a distinguished
spokesman for the South,
such as Thomas Waring or
Virginius Dabney. But such
articles are hygienically wrap
ped in quotation marks and
profusely disclaimed by the
editors. It is also odd that
the unworthy arguments for
segregation, such as racial
superiority. are so frequent
ly reported.
Although there are millions
of Americans who oppose
Federally enforced integra :
ton, there seems to be no
real debate on this vital issue.
Public opinion is in danger
of being sandbagged If our
priceless rights Of free speech
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
Academic Freedom

Senator Kennedy has done
a great deal for academic
freedom in the United States
in a bill to repeal certain
provisions of the National De-
Tense Education Act.
Originally the act provided
that no funds appropriated
under it could be used for
scholarship loans to students
who refused to take an oath
of allegiance to the United
States, or who refused to sign
a Communist affidavit.
The purpose was to prevent
the United States Govern
ment from aiding, through
loans, persons who would take
the knowledge thus acquired
and use it against us. This
was not the result.
Many colleges condemned
this portion of the act on the
ground that it interfered
unduly with academic free
dom. Many of them have
publicly refused to accept
funds available Under the act
until the loyalty oath and
allegiance provisions are re-
moved. Senator Kennedy's
bill would remove these
obnoxious provisions.
Let us examine the results
of these provisions in the
act:
/. Foreign and exchange
students, often invaluable in
the teaching of languages and
other-country cultures, were
automatically excluded from
loans. This is because, if
citizens of another country,
they could not swear ale
glance to the United States.
2. Colleges have refused to
participate in the loan pro-
gram, thereby voiding what
Congress sought to accom-
plish.
8. No unknown Communist
has been smoked out of a
college or university because
he refused to sign the loyalty
oath. In fact, some may have
had funds given them be-
cause they lied about their
Communist connections, in
violation of the act--Some-
thing any Communist will
readily do.
4. Many students, all loyal
Americans, have refused to
sign the statements on prin-
ciple, and have been deprived
of needed assistance.
None of these results is
what the makers of the act
planned, Rather, they are all
adverse results, and are not
desired. In medicine, these
would be the side-effects that
killed the patient while the
medicine did its work.
To avoid killing the patient
"a most important one,
American education stand
ards-these provisions of the
act should be repealed. Sena-
tor Kennedy's bill would do
this.
Congress, if it is to act in
diligently, must know what
the people think. We must
tell them if we are happy
with the legislation. This is
one of our rights-"to petit
ton the Congress for a
redress of grievances"
Bruce Ellison.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRAcEWELL

and anything that can make
fun out of shaving is good
and very much worthwhile.
y II 4
Our fortunes lie on a
razor's edge
This means, in plain
everyday Roman, that despite
all our pretensions, we are
distinctly at the mercy of
events.
A car may run over the
curb and knock you down.
A panel of Indiana lime.
stone may fall off the pref,
test Government building
and bury you full 10 fathoms
deep.
There was a woman walk
ing along 7th street many
years ago. and just as she got
in front of a 5 and dime store.
the sidewalk blew up.
There was a poor little
child who went out to see
the animals and never came
. back.
Elijah, the prophet, should
have used a razor.
You remember the story
about Elijah, how he came
down out of the mountains
with his bald head and his
long flowing beard.
The combination was too
much for the children.
They laughed and shouted,
GO up. old bald patel"
And Elijah, being a very
human prophet. was sore
wroth, and called 20 bears
from the mountains. And the
20 bears did rend and eat the
mocking children. They sure
knew how to handle juvenile
delinquency in those days.
Our fortunes lie on q
razors edge
Electricity is wonderful,
and when you are in a hurry.
nothing will quite take the
place of the whirligigs.
For everyday, plain sailing
in shaving. commend me to q
razor and soap and water"
says Temp Jones. past mas
ter, who uses cool water and
seldom gets a nick or q
scratch.
There is something sani-
tary here that appeals to the
soul of Templeton Jones,
esq.
Even if one doth repose on
a razor's edge in everyday
life, it is still a good thing to
pose one against the skin
every day. and to be faithful
in its application. Only in
the letdown of camping or
war can We forget.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08

Our fortunes lie on a
razor's edge"
That statement, by ancient
Dionysius, had been glaring
at Templeton Jones from a
small piece Of white paper
for years.
Somehow, it impressed him.
There are those who want
to make government and So
cial security and life itself
100 per cent safe and sane.
Well, you can't do it.
Old Dionysius was right.
Our fortunes, of whatever
kind, lie on a razor's edge,
indeed.
Somerset Vaughan used
the idea for one of his most
famous novels, too.
u
The raZor's edge, in every
day life, is likely to be a very
dull affair, and there comes
the rub.
Only it isn't a rub, but a
skinning process.
The uncertainty of a nick
or cut is what makes shaw
ing, for the human male, an
interesting process; both a
sharp and dull razor or blade
will cut.
In recent years, women
have had some experience
with razors. Shaving under
arms and legs they never use
lather of any kind.
1t is the lather, ladies, that
makes shaving, old or new
fashioned. fun. if it can be
called fun.
Electric shavers. as novel
and interesting and capable
as they are, will be hard put
to interest American males
in the same way exactly.
1t is good to use both.
changing off now and then,
for the skins sake.
The human skin Is a Won
drous thing, to take what it
does over the years and come
up smiling. let us say.
Maybe it doesn't really
smile, it just takes it. That's
better.
The razor's edge moves on,
and all your lather and wit
cannot wipe out a single
stroke stroke of it.
Plop!
You can feel that cut
beneath all the lather.
Even lather out of a cant
This is the fastest moving
pharmaceutical article in
the business, and still thou
sands of male Americans
have not discovered it as yet,
They will. because it is fun
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Life-Sustoining Food for Spocemen

tope OF carbon. That created
In the atmosphere IA ineor-
porated In the carbon dl-
oxide from which II n sep
arated by green plants In the
process OF photosynthesis.
Men and all animals eat the
plants. or other animals
which have eaten the plants.
Thus they incorporate the
element In their own bodies
and thus they themselves
become radioactive" Some
OF this "hot carbon" even
tually gets into all the cells
Of the body, including those
Of the reproductive organs
where they influence hered-
ity.
Here. II Is pointed out. II
the great difference between
this and other radioactive
elements created In bomb
tests. They strike once. II a
reproductive cell Is hit. he
reditary changes, almost al
ways for the worse, are pro-
duced. The total Of such hits
is considerable, so that q bad
deterioration OF the human
race has been predicted in
the long run.
But Carbon IA. incor-
porated directly into the
body itself, has a half life
Of $500 years. That is, half
Of any given amount will be
transmitted into non-radio-
active nitrogen in this time.
That taken up by the re-
productive organs will be
continuously active through
out this period at least, gen.
Grafton after generation.
Thus the likelihood Of bad
mutations becomes almost
endless.
The radioactive carbon,
Or. Pauling points out, also
strikes in another way-an
effect brought about by none
Of the other radioactive ele-
ments. Eventually it becomes
nitrogen, which changes the
normal constitution Of the
germ plasm of which it be-
come a part. More bad mu-
tations can be expected.
Always Been In Air
There has been radioactive
carbon in the atmosphere
since the beginning Of life
on earth.
An rgume nt Of Acc
spokesman has been that the
increase is quite small-that
Carbon IA is a relatively
minor element in fall-out.
The longtime and double
effect may not have been
given enough consideration.
DR.. Pauling calculates
"One year of testing cat the
present rate) is expected to
cause in the world (eStimat-
ing a future number of births
per year at five times the
present number, a total of
about $4,000 children with
gross physical or mental de-
fects, 10000 still births and
childhood deaths, and 425,-
900 embryonic and neo-natal
deaths. These numbers are
about II times the number
usually estimated as the
probable effects of the fall
out fisSion products from one
year of testing. In addition to
somatic effects (direct body
as distinguished from hered-
ity), the effects of bomb-test
Carbon IA are expected to be
about equal to those Of fission
products with respect to leu
kemia and bone cancer and
greater than those of fission
products with respect to dis
eases of tissues other than
bone tissues and bone mar
row."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry DriteT's correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08

There Is a crop that yields
a thousand-fold return every
"a hours.
II probably will be the
crop man VIII raise IN gar
dens on Mars or the moon
when he gets there IN
atomic submarines. In the
flying farms" on space
ships.
II is reported 10 the Ameri-
can Association for the Ad-
vaneement Of Science by DR..
Constantine Sorokin. plant
biologist OF the University OF
Maryland.
This crop is that Of So
called high temperature"
algae. single-celled plants
which will live and multiply
at temperatures up 10 IS
+. Most experim e ntal
work with such organisms
In the past has been with
species which cannot grow
at temperatures much above
IS F. and which prefer
something below the middle
fifties. An expensive cooling
device usually would be neces-
sary for their extensive cult
vation.
Like all green plants these
high temperature alRae have
the ability TO use the energy
of sunlight to split carbon
dioxide of the atmosphere
into carbon and oxygen and
to use the carbon in their
own growth. In this ability
they probably exceed any
thing else in nature.
THE low temperature al
gaze" Or. Sorokin said,
double their dry weight in
about eight hours and thus
increase eight-fold in "a
hours. But under optimal
conditions the high tempera-
ture algae require only two
and-a-half hours TO double
their dry weight. As a result
they increase 1,000-fold in "a
hours.
Source of Oxygen
"In the process of utiliza-
ton of carbon dioxide they
evolve oxygen. This capacity
to purify air is the basis for
using algae as photosynthetic
gas exchangers. In closed
spaces such as submarines,
spaceships and dwellings
which man will build on
other planets. algae can
maintain a proper balance
between oxygen and carbon
dioxide for indefinite periods.
(That is, men will eat the
algae, breathe out carbon
dioXide, and the algae will
split the expired breath into
oxygen and carbon again.
Under optimal conditions
one unit of cells of high
temperature algae produced
100 volumes of oxygen. With
further Improvements in the
technique of cultivation their
productivity undoubtedly will
be increased"
x 4 \
One radioactive element
created in the atmosphere by
fusion bomb tests seems more
of a threat to humanity than
all the rest of the much
dreaded "fall-out."
This is the calculation of
DR.. Linus Pauling of the Cali
fornia Institute of Technol-
ogy, one of the foremost OF
all American chemists, in
contradiction to Atomic
Energy Commission claims
that it is relatively harmless.
The substance is Carbon
IA, the one radioactive form
of the element which is a
major constituent of all liv-
ing things. Chemically it acts
precisely as any other iso-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08

and freedom OF the press
are not fully used.
william C. Banning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-05-08
More Kicks at Morse

Some Of the campaign re-
marks of Senator Morse APP
peared to be just as bellicose
as those of Mrs. Clare Luce.
I don't know how fair, or
unfair, has been the cover
age on the career of the Sem
ator by the Luce publications.
However, I am fully aware of
the excellent work of Ambas-
sadress Luce in Italy. Mrs.
Luce was, l understand, bril-
liantly aware of the evils
of atheistic communism and
was a strong influence against
the advance of that pagan
ism in Italy. So we could
expect that the lady would
be again a powerful influence
against communism in Brazil.
Her record, otherwise. as our
representative a broad was
good. Therefore, as a result
Of the senatorial TRADE, we
have lost a strong freedom
fighter in the diplomatic
arena. We have lost a quail
fed ambassador.
What has the United States
gained by this personal VEN
delta? Apparently nothing. 1t
has lost, If the facts above
are true. To go one step
further. what has the Sen
ator gained? AS far as I can
determine, he has gained
nothing either. I doubt If he
has gained even a measure
of personal satisfaction. Let
us pray that this volcano will
not erupt again to harm fu-
ture generations of our chill
dren.
M. A. McKavitt.
4
The Stars recent editorial
concerning the furry over the
appointment of an ambassa-
dor to Brazil was excellent
and to the point.
Why do some of our legis-
lative representatives, elected
by I'VE the people," assume
such lofty, self-righteous.
high and mighty opinions of
themselves once they take
office? It is incredible how
they continually tear down,
debase and otherwise destroy
those who have to come be-
fore them. BY what God
given right do they presume
to possess that which enables
them to continually brow
beat others who, in turn.
must remain silent, and dare
not strike back? Is this Nazi
Germany or Communist Rus
STA, or is this still a free
America? It's about time
some of these extroverts
learn the simple facts of life.
Robert /. Kuykendall,
Spur, Tex.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1959-09-27
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