davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1958-07-03
DAYIo LAWRENCE
Revolution IN Christmas Giving

Court decision. to deduct ex-
penses incurred in rent and
maintenance Of their prem
ises.
The fact that a citizen goes
10 Washington TO curry favor
with an ofiicial. whether
elected or not. and incufs
expenses for entertainment.
or gives him expensive gifts,
does not necessarily nullify 4
tax deduction. A dispute over
a tax deduction. the amount
Of which has been fully dis
closed by the taxpayer in Ms
return. does not involve any
criminal penalty. II the
claimed deduction Is disal-
lowed, this merely means 40
additional tax is imposed.
AS for the recipient Of enr
tertainment or Of other forms
Of generosity, there would be
more doubt If lavish gifts
came from a stranger than
from q close friend. II now Is
considered "imprudent" FER
public ofiicIals. whether tr
not elected, to accept gifts
from anyone with whom they
might some day be transact
ing Government business.
Even those who hope to Ne
candidates for public offke
presumably muslin order
to be on the safe side-start
rejecting gifts.
Is it "imprudent" also for
a man in business to accept
gifts or hospitality from any
one whose orders for business
purchases the giver is Sole
iting? In the business void.
for the most part, this has
not been considered imprdp-
er. Maybe 1t will be so in the
future. The whole custom of
gift-giving at Christmas will
be affected. Also the giving
of theater tickets to hit
shows or of choice seats at
the World Series to imppr-
tant customers or potential
customers will hereafter bring
new quandaries and perhaps
Illustrations to generou :
minded people in the world
Of business. Certainly public
officials on the receiving end
in the sacred precincts of
Federal, State or city gov
ernments now must really
"look a gift horse in the
mouth"
Reproduction Rishts Reservel)
Evening star., 1958-07-03
DORIS FLEEsoN
Party Sees Control of State Likely
After Study Shows Extent of Gains

Because of the big names
and soaring ambitions in
volved at the top Of the
ticket, the extent of the Dem
ocratic sweep in California
has not been widely noted
outside the State.
Virtually complete returns
show, however. that Demo-
Gratis never before seeking
Statewide elective office
led substantially in the
voting over very well known
and popular Republican in
cumbents. AS a result, Demo-
Gratis feel that if they do not
relax their efforts they will
comfortably control both
houses Of the State Legisla-
ture for the first time in the
goth century.
During their depression
peak-193S to 1940-they
controlled only the Assem-
bly, and their attrition was
clearly in sight.
Examples abound Of the
party appeal which gave At
torney General Pat Brown
his well-advertised 100000
vote lead in the total voting
for Governor over Senator
William F. Knowland.
Bert Belts, a certified pub
lie accountant of San Diego,
entered the race for treasurer
against the wealthy and we'll
known A. Ronald Button, Re-
publican incumbent and ma
tional committeeman, as a
sporting proposition. Mr..
Evening star., 1958-07-03

The strong appeal Of Presi-
dent Eisenhower 10 Congress
for restoration Of the $50
million reduction in foreign
aid went unheeded in the
House. The Chief Executives
waning prestige with mem-
bers Of Congress makes his
appeals less important than
they we're in the past. The
Senate Appropriations Com
mittee is expected. however,
to restore at least $500 mil
lion, mot because the White
House wants US to"--as one
Of the prominent members
said-but because Of the un-
questionable harm this cut
would cause to the nations
which are dedicated oppo-
nents Of International COM
munism and are prepared
to defend their freedom arms
in hand. It is pointed out
that the bulk Of the reduce
tions voted by the House Ap-
propiations Committee af-
fects military assistance and
arms support to countries
such as Korea, Nationalist
China. Wet Nam, Pakistan
and Turkey.
The testimony presented so
far by the State Department
and especially by The Penta-
gon shows that these coun-
tries possess battle trained
forces ready for immediate
action representing some 2.5
million men. Adequate
trained reserves in a more
or less similar number are
available within 80 days of
mobilization. Most of these
countries-and the majority
of these with shaky econo-
mies-are spending more
than so per cent of their
budgets on the upkeep of
their forces. They cannot
possibly supply them with
modern weapons out Of
their own extremely slim re-
sources. Hence. it is argued.
a drastic curtailing of Amer
ica's assistance to them in
weapons and other incre-
ments needed by ground
forces would result in pull
verization of armies which
are actually an important
shield for the protection of
our struggle against inter-
national communism. The
consequence of such an ac-
ton as decided by the
Evening star., 1958-07-03

Belts ended UP with a plus
Of about $4,000 votes, even
though Mr.. Button had $780,
900 Democrats on his side.
Henry Lopez thought so
poorly Of his vote appeal he
did not cross-f1le for secre-
tary of state but came UP
with $4,000 more in the totals
just on the Democratic ticket
than the Republican incum-
bent, Frank Jordan, achieved
with a bonus Of 435,00O
Democratic votes gained by
cross-filing.
Glen Anderson, a tyro run
ming for Lieutenant Governor
against a particularly amiahle
character long in office,
Harold j. Butch" Powers,
outpolled him by 100000
votes.
These figures describe the
uphill battle Senator Know
land has before him between
now and November and the
peril to Vice President Rich
ard M. Nixon in 1860. Mr..
Nixon has already made
plans for intensive campaign
ing on his home ground this
fall. but he will be handi-
capped by not being on the
ballot himself.
The new Democratic faces
are almost entirely from the
grass roots party organiza-
ton, the Council of Demo-
cratic Clubs, made UP of
Jealous and unpaid volun-
teers. In the hope that these
Evening star., 1958-07-03
Thomas Named
TWA President

Los ANGELES. July 8 (R.-
Charles s. Thomas, former Sec
retary of the Navy. has been
named president of Trans
World Airlines.
Howard Hughes, who has q
controlling interest in the line,
announced yesterday that Mr..
Thomas had been elected presi-
dent of TWA at a board Of di-
rectors' meeting.
Mr.. Thomas, who lives now in
Los Angeles, succeeds Warren
Lee PierSon, who became act
ing president of the line when
Carter Burgess resigned last
December after policy disputes
with Mr.. Hughes.
Mr.. Thomas, a naval aviator
in World War I, was special
assistant to Navy Secretary
James Forrestal in World War
II and was Navy Secretary for
three years, starting in 1854.
Evening star., 1958-07-03
Boptists Are Told
Of Christiunity's Lao

TORONTO, July 8 (R.-Non-
Christian movements are max
ing more converts than the
Christian church, says DR..
Theodore F. Adams, Richmond,
Va.
He spoke last night at the
closing session Of the Fifth
World Baptist Youth Confer
ence.
Christianity comes face-to-
face in many lands with a new
nationsliSm that often is linked
with religion and sometimes
makes it difficult for US to carry
on missionary activity" he said.
Evening star., 1958-07-03

tions did improve the picture
somewhat.
The center gained a bit
despite the fact it has run the
government and been every
body's target since the war.
The far right lost considerably
and is now thought to be on
its way out.
The pro- Communist left dis
appointed Italy's friends by
holding its own. Despite Hun
gary, despite the carefully
enumerated crimes of Stain,
deSpite Soviet wrecking Of dis
armament attempts and de-
spite western aid to Italy, one
third of the Italians still sup
ported the parties of Moscow.
This means Italy Is in for
another long period Of gov
weakness. Moderate
Italians hope the problems that
face them will be small.
Evening star., 1958-07-03
Decision on Charges of Gun-Running
Into Notion Rests on u. N. Official

Russians will not move a
finger and that Canal Abdel
Nasser will not take up arms,
unless Syria and Egypt are
attacked by American and
British forces coming to the
aid Of the Lebanese govern
ment.
1t is an open secret, or let
us say is generally believed.
in the Middle East, that
in case of Intervention the
American air base might be
so used. If it were, the Suez
crisis would be reopened, and
the Russians would in all
probability take the stand
they did at that time. which
was to threaten to come to
the aid OF Egypt and Syria,
were the attack not instantly
halted.
There is some circumstan-
tial evidence that the Rus
slams may be apprehending
general war over the Leban-
eSe situation. This is the ag-
greSSive stand they are TAX
ing toward the "deviationists"
in the East European satel-
lite states. The Suez crisis
preceded the Hungarian re-
volt and its ruthless suppress
sion after much heSitancy
and a more moderate ap-
proach. The recent execution
OF Imre Macy (after being
promised political immunity
indicates, we should think, de-
termination to get rid of any
possible center Of renewed
trouble. should hoStilities be-
gin in the Middle East.
There are also incon-
elusive reports of Soviet troop
movements in and around Po-
land. which may indicate an
advance warning to Mr..
Gomulka.
For whenever there is ap-
Evening star., 1958-07-03
Hoover Lands at Fair;
Recalls Wor-Aid Visits

BRUSSELS, July 3 R.-
Former President Hoover ar
rived at Melsbroeck Airport
today to act as President Eisen-
hower's special representative
during three days of American
national observance at the
worlds fair.
The 83-year-old statesman
walked from the presidential
plane Columbine without as
sistance to greet Prince Albert,
representing his brother King
Baudouin; Foreign Minister
Pierre Wigny and Economic
Minister Raymond Scheyven.
Recalling his previous visits
as head of war relief missions.
Mr.. Hoover said his coming
this time ''is a happy one for
me, for most of my many other
visits we're made in time of
great tribulation for the Bel
gian people in two terrible
militarist invasions.
"Great Exposition"
"This day is still happier be-
cause this great exposition it
self proves that the spirit of
great enterprise lives vividly in
the Belgian people" he added.
Visitors to the fair are learn
ing how to square dance around
the American pavilion. The
first of the dances was staged
by the European American
Square Dance Association yes
terday for the first of three
American National Days.
Maj. Dwight r. Whitaker of
Lincoln, Nebr., was in charge
Of the project. He said spec
Evening star., 1958-07-03

tators were shy at first but
after a while they even stopped
in to Join the fun before they
were asked to. People asked
us to hold a square dance clinic
similar to q basketball clinic we
had earlier"
Leads Square Dancing
Cal Golden, a square dance
caller, now a sergeant in the
United States Air Force at
March Field, Calf, was flown
in and led the square dances,
dressed in bright yellow and
green costume.
The United States Air Force
Drum and Bugle Corps of
Washington, D. c.. led by War;
rant Officer Lewis Kriebel, and
the Air Force Command Band
from Wiesbaden, Germany,
were followed by 80 dancers
demonstrating square dances,
the appearance of some United
States rodeo performers, and
a demonstration of basketball.
While tens of thousands
watched these. the Philadelphia
Orchestra. Eugene Ormandy
conducting. gave the first of
four concerts in the world fair
grand auditorium. Violinist
Isaac Stern was soloist.
The American Ballet Theater
gave the first Of a series of per-
formances at the grand audi
torium. and the cast of the
musical comedy Wonderful
Town" held a dress rehearsal
in the American heater.
Evening star., 1958-07-03

There Is obviously a dis
crepancy between the pre-
liminary report of the U. N.
Secretary General. Mr.. Ham
marskjol6. and his team of
observers in Lebanon. and the
charges against the United
Arab Republic made by
the Lebanese government,
headed by President Camille
Glamour. Mr.. Hammarskjold
believes a relatively small
team Of observers can deal
with the current situation;
the government believes it
requires armed assistance.
either by a U. N. force or by
the American and British
armies.
The government claims
gun-running from Syria and
Egypt. The United Arab Re-
public headed by President
NasSer denies it. The Leb-
anese opposition contends
that the government is re-
ceiving arms from Turkey,
Jordan and Iraq, whose gov
ernments are in the Western
camp. although in the case Of
the two Arab states this align
ment has little popular sup
port.
So what Mr.. Hammarskjold
and his observers plainly must
do Is To ascertain the truth
or falsehood of these charges
and countercharges, and this
1t should be able to accom-
plish. For the question in
this civil strife is to what
extent it has been initiated
from without, and if so by
wnom, to what extent it has
been provoked from within
and is a homegrown affair.
and on what basis If any the
rebel leaders are prepared to
compromise and make peace.
One thing is. I think. safely
perdictable. namely. that the
Evening star., 1958-07-03

Maybe it's going to be a
tough Christmas throughout
the land. For the old saying
Don't look q gift horse in
the mouth" has. in effect,
now been repealed by a con-
gressional committee. Here
after every recipient Of q gift
presumably must figure out
what the motive of the sender
really Is and, II in doubt.
proceed at once to refuse the
gift, even though this offends
the donor.
Also, the Internal Revenue
Service-which hitherto has
not usually inquired into
what the motive Of the giver
Is when he deducts as ex-
pense. for tax purposes,
something he spends for an
actual or potential customer
in business-will now be on
the spot unless 1t establishes
the true motive. The task win
be to determine. moreover,
whether . particular piece of
hospitality did or did not
have . relationship to the
conduct Of the business of the
donor. It may require q star
Of psychiatrists to establish
what was In the giver's mind
and also whether the recip-
lent knew 1t at the time.
All this may be the after
math Of the Goldflne-Adams
hullabaloo. Possibly the
Democrats, who are respon-
sible for raising the issue,
win have to face the indig-
nation Of retail stores gener-
ally If the gift business takes
q big dip in sales next Christ
mas.
Certainly, many q citizen,
especially in the business
world, has been asking him
self recently whether all the
gifts chat come from others
from whom he buys products
are properly motivated, and
whether, II deducted as busi-
ness expenses by the giver,
this makes the recipient an
unwilling party to a CON
spiracy" to get a tax deduc-
ton.
Many a subordinate officer
Evening star., 1958-07-03
The Democrats California Sweep

groups have somewhere slip
ped on the Communist ice,
Republicans are making a
search of the records of such
bodies as the House I'm
American and Senate In
ternal Security Committees
to see If some Of the new can
didates cannot be subjected
to the kind Of attack MFR.
Nixon leveled at former Rep
resentatives Jerry VOORHEES,
and Helen Gahagan Douglas.
What win be interesting
nationally win be Mr.. Nixon's
attitude when such an OPP
portunity Is offered. He has
lately said here of his own
such campaigns that Il was
very young then"
The Vice Presidents most
intimate California associate,
Representative Pat Killings,
won a narrow victory for the
Republican nomination to
succeed to~Mr. Browns pres
ent office. attorney general.
Mr.. Nixon will be under
heavy pressure to help Mr..
Killings; among Californi-
ans. what Mr.. Killings does
or fails to do will be read as
a measure Of Mr.. Nixon's
present vote appeal.
In Washington, the Cali
fornia Democratic tide is ex-
pected to show both in the
election Of Representative
Clair Engle to the Senate
seat vacated by Senator
Knowland and in a SubStan-
TALLY larger House delegation.
Some prophets think Demo-
Gratis will take better than
half of the House seats this
fall.
Evening star., 1958-07-03
1000 to Participate
In Prayer Vigil

More than 1000 men in
Washington area Catholic
parishes will take part in de-
votions of the Nocturnal Ador-
alton Society from 10 o'clock
tonight until 6 am. tomorrow
at the Shrine of the Sacred
Heart, Sixteenth street and
Park road NV.
Each participant will spend
a designated hour at the
shrine. Prayers Of thanks
giving for freedom and pros
perity in the United States will
be offered during the devotions.
Evening star., 1958-07-03
D0mper on Business Gifts Seen
As Result of Adams -Goldfine Case

in a company win ask him
self whether the entertain
ment he received did or did
not prejudice his own award
Of contracts. He will wonder
whether, If the Internal Reve-
nue. Service records show II,
this means the recipient. in
effect. was bribed or at least
improperly influenced.
As for Government ofhcials
in both the executive and
legislative branches, they
will be confronted by a
dilemma, too. Thus, II a busi-
nessman comes to Washing
ton by train or by air or by
auto to see his Congressman
or Senator in order to try TO
get something done that af-
fects his business, Is this ex-
pense a legitimate deduction
for tax purposes2 Does it
mean that the public ofncial
who benefited is COM
promised2 The law prohibits
any tax deduction for lobby
ing" directed at Congress.
1t says nothing about lobby
ing" directed at the execu-
tive branch. There can, Of
course. be no penalty Inn
posed for exercising the con-
stitutional right Of petition.
The courts have never really
defined the scope Of lobby
ing"
On the broad question Of
tax deductions. the statute
says that "all the ordinary
and necessary expenses in
CURED during the taxable
year in carrying on any trade
or business" may be deducted.
What then is ordinary" and
what is necessary? Ger
tainly, If ones business is
subject to governmental
regulation, 1t becomes "ordi-
nary and necessary" to keep
in touch with officials who
can supply needed informa-
ton affecting ones business.
The motive Of the giver of
a gift might even be to seek
an improper objective. This
would not take away the
right to a tax deduction. For
even gambling establishments
have been permitted, as a
result of a recent Supreme
Evening star., 1958-07-03
Effort to Split Falls

1AVAb W 0EAhs aAAo
During the past year some
party officials have tried tc
break away from the Commu-
nists and ally their group with
the Social Democrats. But the
Nenni Socialists and Commu-
nists are so entangled on the
local level (they join to form
the government in many COM
munities), they could not be
separated.
So for all practical purposes
the Communists and Nenni So
cialists form a solid negativist
bloc.
This block controls 225 seats
1t represents more than one
third of Italy's voters.
Many of these voters are con-
scious and deliberate Commu-
nists, but most are merely
"againsters." They don't like
the moderate government or
the ground they have done toe
little for Italy's many poor
people. They don't vote for the
Social Democrats because that
party is too weak.
Instead they support the
Nenni Socialists on the assump-
ton their alliance with the
Communists makes the m
strong. Or they vote Commu-
mist as a complete but destruc-
tive protest.
Constructive Opposition
On the right, Mr.. Fanfani
will have one responsible, con-
structive opposition party-the
Liberals. They have II votes
and a conservative, free enter
prise policy. They land the
Republicans to the left if they
do not enter the government
will supply the national con-
science. It is unlikely that they
would ever join the pro-Com.
munist left in an attempt tc
bring the government down.
Farther on to the right arr
various splinter groups - the
Popular Monarchists with II
seats, the National Monarchists
with IL and the neo-Fascists
with "a. There is also a three
man South Tyrolean Party
which one tends to forget ex-
cept when government votes
are needed-then this moderate
group usually sides with a
center government.
Could Be Worse
This all looks like a rather
sorry political lineup. but il
could be worse. The May elec-
Evening star., 1958-07-03

4
this coalition as it has others
through almost all the postwar
years. 1t win supply the Pre-
mier, Amintore Fanfani, its
pint-sized, vigorous party Sec
retary. A moderate socialist
party, the Social Democrats.
will supply the necessary votes
in Parliament and will share
in policy making.
Italy'S big worry. however,
is that the Christian Democrats
and Social Democrats are not
quite strong enough. They can
not by themselves insure the
coalition government a major
ity in Parliament.
Without a lot Of good luck
and fair political weather the
coalition will fall, and Italy will
be confronted with the ap-
parently impossible job of find
ing a better one.
Italy's problem is a result of
the elections held last May.
After several years of a weak
government, voters had a
chance to strengthen the
center-necessarily the back
bone of any workable Italian
government these days-and
put the country solidly on its
feet.
The center vote was increased
somewhat, but not enough. Too
many votes we're thrown away
on Communist or pro-Commu-
mist parties.
ManeuverS Fail
After the votes were counted,
party leaders maneuvered for
several weeks in an attempt to
work out some sort Of govern
ment commanding a strong
majority. But it didn't work
President Giovanni Gronchi
had to concede June IS that the
coalition of Christian Democrats
and Social Democrats under Mr.
Fanfani was the best of a mea
ger lot Of possibilities.
Mr.. Fanfani's own party
holds 273 seats in the lower
chamber (the Senate does moi
count here). He needs 299 fol
a majority, The Social Demo-
Gratis provide % seats, an inde-
pendent. Adriano Olivetti, gives
him another. This adds up tc
296-three seats shy.
But Mr.. Fanfani will proceed
on the assumption-and the
hope-that all the other men,
bers will never gang up to vote
against him.
If Italian politics remain
rather calm, his hopes probably
viii be realized. And one other
small party. the Republicans,
may join his government for
mally later this fall, giving him
six more seats and an absolute
majority.
Even if they don't join, it is
unlikely under forseeable cir
cumstances that the far leftists
and far rightists could combine
against him.
Communist Opposition
The biggest opposition party
- and Italy's curse - is the
Communist Party. It lost two
seats in the election, but still
controls 141 votes. Like Frances
Communist deputies, these par
liamentarians are isolated from
the country's governmental
functions on the national level,
but they hang like a dead
weight around the neck Of any
government trying to frame a
constructive program.
/ TIE Communists were num-
Evening star., 1958-07-03
By RICHARp FRYKLuNn

European Correspondent of The Star
ROME, July 2.-Italy is put
ting together a new government
based on political parties of
the left and center-and a lot
Of hope.
The Christian Democratic
Party, Italy's largest. viii lead
Evening star., 1958-07-03

This IS the first Of two ortieIes on
ltoIy's tonsied politics.
Evening star., 1958-07-03
POLITICAL PROBLEM IN ROME
Italy Moneuvering
For Firm Coalition

erous enough in France to help
wreck the Republic and bring
in Gen. de Gaulle. They have
The same instinct for destruction
here.
And here they are helped by
a left socialist party, the Nenni
Socialists. This group is a slave
to the Communist Party line in
Italian politics, even though its
leaders occasionally criticize
Moscow policy.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-12-05
Class A Selections
Four Diocesan Gridders
Picked For AU-St1r HOnOrs

Four Diocesan football stars
were named this week to the
1853 Class A All,Star grid team,
selected by the Associated Press
which was making such a Sc
lection for the first time.
Leading nominee was Ros-
sry's Ned Rsmho who was
honored Is the No. lineman.
Rsmbo, . b-foot. ls9-povnder.
was . standoUt Iinemsn for
RessFy's unbeaisn, united and
unseored-upon team. He was
placed st . guard position on
the Ail-Stsr team. although he
also played tackle on Ressry's
mighty defensive unit.
Pat canini, Rosary's offensive
fullback who led all others in
scoring in the Columbus area,
was given q defensive berth or
the first team. Canini, whs
scored II t~ouchdowns. IL con
versions and q field goal for 90
points, played a tackle for Ros
ary's team which won the Frank
lin County League title.