davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1958-07-11
When and If

In lLS JnlfQ note on the SUBJECT IN.
two weeks, the Kremlin has once again
called upon the United States to commit
itself to a ban on nuclear testing even
before the current technical meeting at
Geneva completes its study of ways and
means Of policing such an agreement.
Our Government can reply in only one
way-namely, by reaf1irming that it will
make no advance promises on suspending
or limiting atomic-hydrogen expert
mental detonations as long as the prob
lem Of setting up effective supervisory
machinery remains in the discussion
stage.
This problem is now being explored
very thoroughly at Geneva by scientists
from both sides of the Iron Curtain
American, British, French and Canadian
from the West, and Russian, Polish,
Romanian and Czech from the East. Up
to now these men, several of them
highly distinguished, have been carrying
out their task in an encouragingly
friendly and objective manner, with no
hint of politicking or propagandizing.
All of them, moreover, have expressed
considerable confidence that they will be
able to devise and agree upon interna-
tional monitoring arrangements (includ-
ing mobile observation posts) capable Of
providing adequate safeguards against
the dangerous possibility that testing
ban might lend itself to clandestine
violations and evaSionS.
Presumably, if this turns out to be
the case, if the scientists Communist
and mont Communist alike) achieve a
meeting of minds on the feasibility and
effectiveness of worldwide detecting
methods, our Government will be ready
to get down to the brass tacks of
negotiating definitive political agree
ment on the matter 1t will be ready to
do so, that is, when and if the Kremlin
makes clear that it is prepared to CO.
operate honestly in enforcing whatever
policing system the experts may recon-
mend. Meanwhile, however, with the
question still up in the air at Geneva,
our country must continue to reject the
idea of making a sweeping prior COM
mitment. The Soviet Foreign Min
istry speaks nonsense when 1t argues.
otherwise.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Good SoiIinq!

1t is an impressive program of ex-
panSion and modernization that the
Americanaag steamship companies are
embarked on today. When two new
luxury liners go into the North-South
American service this fall, they will be
the first of nearly 800 new vessels
planned for construction in the next ten
to fifteen years. Total investment is
estimated at close to So billion, with the
primary. work being spread among
American shipyardS on East, West and
Gulf Coasts and secondary contracts
going to supplierS in all 48 States.
The value of a strong merchant
marine-either in peace or in war-haS
been well proved in American history.
The companion requirement, demon
Strated most urgently in the early period
of World War II, is the maintenance of
healthy shipbuilding industry of our
own. 1t is costly project at time
when construction may be bought in
foreign yards at fraction of domestic
charges. 1t could be infinitely more
costly in terms of national security,
however, to let our shipyard facilities
and skills rot away at the waters edge.
1t is public policy, as reflected in the
Merchant Marine Act, to see that this
does not happen. 1t is sound policy and
the American lines that are Joined in
this building effort of today are con-
tributing to the national strength and
welfare.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
'NAAcP Victory

Iwish to commend The Star
for its editorial, NAACP VIC
tory" The Star rightfully
assumes that the laws and
actions Of public officials de-
signed to harass or destroy
the NAACP are reaching a
legal dead end. If any group
has been guilty of barratry,
the stirring up of ground
less litigation, it has been the
legislatures themselves. Over
a quarter of a million dol
lars of our peoples money in
Virginia has been spent in
extra sessions of the Assembly
and to favored law firms to
harass the NAACP or to de-
feat the Supreme Court
edicts. How much better
would it have been to have
used this money for the sick
and the poor in our tagging
institutions for public well
fare?
z. b. Henderson,
Va. State NAACP
Evening star., 1958-07-11
His Own Weothermor

The front page of the
Metropolitan Edition of The
Star of July 8 carried a news
item to the effect that "Ob-
servers at National Airport
recorded .93 of an inch of
rain"-preSumably as of July
7.
We here in Glen Echo were
favored with two exception
ally fine rains, one during the
afternoon and this followed
by a much heavier one about
$50. Being the posseSSor of a
brand-new Rain Gauge" a
Fathers Day gift, I was quite
interested to note the read
ing of 1873 inches of rain:
quite a little more than that
registered officially.
This is a lot of fun and
something quite new to me
and helps to break the
monotony Of retired life, with
the 18th year fast approach
ing. l recommend it even for
the younger blades.
I'm
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Points North

Go Alaska, young man. go
Alaska! Thousands Of o our
young people from high
school and college will be
looking for jobs and wanting
to start their life work, when
the summer is over. My ap-
peal is to Washington, to
help them to go and start
life in Alaska. This State is
going to be a vast new empire
of wealth, and expansion, and
strength to US. Pioneers of
today will be the rich men
of tomorrow. But time is pre-
cious. Russia is doing mar
velouS things in Siberia. Let
us beat her to it in Alaska.
We have defenses. We need
to start businesses now. and
build up her riches. Wash
ington can help greatly and
set the ball rolling by fur
nishing the means to young
men and their families to 60
to Alaska now. We want a
vast army of workers to go
there now. We have the men;
Washington has the money.
What about it, Congress?
Money invested in sending
pioneers to Alaska will pay
greater dividends than the
sums spent in so-called back
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Abortion Racket

Our public approach to the
problem of abortions is tinged
with the fallacy that all of
them are normally wrong and
socially undesirable This is
contended by persons who
claim to speak with the voice
of God. But it is denied by
many social and medical
scientists who insist that
abortionS are som e tim e S
therapeutically and socially
d desirable and, therefore,
morally right.
By forbidding licensed sur
geons to perform abortions,
we do not prevent their per-
formance. We only require
that they be done by un-
skilled or vicious persons.
Thus we create the abortion
racket" now being exposed
so skillfully by your Miriam
Gutenberg.
James E. Curry.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Cultural Exchange

American audiences give
standing ovations to the Rus
sian ballet and standing trib-
ute to the Soviet anthem,
while American airmen are
imprisoned in East Germany
and Russia; 450 American
soldiers rot deserted in Red
Chinese dungeons and the
heroic Hungarian leaders are
martyred in freedoms cause.
This is cultural exchanges
Craven appeasement h as
forced Uncle Sam to his
knees in the dust, his red,
white and blue suit torn and
defiled while Americans ap-
plaud the dancing represent
ativeS of those who are de-
stroying them!
Elizabeth Lippitt.
San Francisco.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Afraid of Freedom

With delegates from all the other
Soviet satellites attending, the Com
muniStS of East Germany now are hold
ing a week-long congress whose main
purpose seems to be to frighten party
members everywhere into SlaviSh obedi-
ence to the Kremlin. At the same time,
of course, the meeting is not neglecting
to vilify the United States and sing the
praises of the USSR with quite as much
mendacity and fulsomeness as in Stains
day.
AS for frightening those wayward
comrades who have dared to think some
independent thoughts in relation to
Moscow, Walter Ulbricht, StaliniSt boss
of the East German Reds, has shrilled
out number of fierce warnings in
four-hour keynote address to the
brethren taking part in this bleak ideo-
logical gathering. For example, speak
ing in the presence of Soviet Premier
Nikita Khrushchev, he has told all devia-
tionistS-including particularly Presi-
dent Tito of YugoSlavia-that they had
better mend their ways or face the
danger of suffering the fate recently
meted out to Imre Macy of Hungary.
And in spirit that would surely have
pleased Stain himself, he has declared
that Communists throughout the world
must create an atmosphere of intol-
erance against all reviSioniSm" an
atmosphere, presumably, in which there
would be no hesitation about terrorizing
or liquidating anybody foolish enough,
or brave enough, to take issue with
dogmaS proclaimed by the Kremlin.
Mr.. KhruShchev has listened to all
this with an approving beam on his face
"a strange performance when one
thinks back to the time, in February two
years ago, that he unSparingly con-
demned Stain as a monstrous man for
having espoused and practiced just such
a policy as the one now advocated by
Ulbricht, the puppet tyrant of East
Germany. Clearly, coupled with other
recent developments originating in Mos
COW, Stalinism seems definitely to be in
Evening star., 1958-07-11
For One Fund

My husband and I have
spoken with many of our
friends and decided that
starting now we will help
make this falls United Givers
Fund drive successful. We
all feel that the only way
to do this is to refuse every
other charity or health
solicitation that comes to
our door or by mail, except
our personal religious ones.
We want our money-95
per cent of ito go directly
to the needy as it does in the
United Givers Fund. Let's
stop making separate fund
drives pay. When the next
solicitor comes to our door
let's say-"We gave to the
United Givers Fund"-then
let's really give to the United
GiverS Fund.
Edith Hayman.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
AnAppeol

Let us all remember the
needs of animals for food and
water during hot weather.
Please, everyone with a yard
or place where animals freA
quent or may chance to go,
please put out food at night,
and keep cool water in pans
or bowls in a shady place at
all times. This is not much
to ask. but it may afford
much comfort to cats, dogs,
squirrels, birds or other ami
mails that have no way of
providing g necessities for
themselves. Also whenever an
animal or bird is found in
jured or sick in the street.
one should go to its aid and
take it to a veterinary or call
the nearest animal welfare
society.
PhrOcene Hamilton.
Evening star., 1958-07-11

The abandonment of the
House bill to establish the
C&O Canal National Historic
Park shows what the 9th dis
trict can expect so long as we
continue to elect Republican
Representatives from Western
Maryland. According to the
press, the bill has been pigeon
h oiled by Representative
Oracle Pfost, Democrat of
Idaho. A Democratic Con-
gresham could get a fellow
member of the majority party
to go along and bring the
matter to a vote. But our Re
publican incumbent is power
less.
The same thing happens at
Annapolis when we send Re-
publicans to the House of
Delegates or to the State
Senate-they are always in
the minority and can ask only
for such favors as the major
ity party will give them.
I certainly hope that the
Western Maryland counties
send a Democrat to Congress
this year and solid Democrat
ic delegations and Senators
from each county. The Re-
publican administrations, ma
tional and State, have gone
into disrepute. The President
can't even find anyone in the
G. o. P. to replace a thor
oughly discredited Sherman
Adams. 1t is high time that
we of the 9Th district turned
to the party Of responsibility
the party under which
Maryland and America pros
per. Let US stop opposing the
rest of the State and Nation
and vote Democratic.
Edward ID. Storm.
Evening star., 1958-07-11

weight collapsible hose which
is expected to be the primary
means Of distributing fuel to
widely dispersed and maneu-
verable units. such as will be
utilized under present con-
cepts Of future warfare.
Started 10 years ago, this
development has just been
completed by the Fort Bel
voir Engineers. II is expected
to have almost as great civil
ian as military value. Light
weight hose Of the same gem
eral type recently has been
used for rapid construction Of
lines to TRANSPORT water in
large quantities from its
source to the scene Of a forest
fire. There also is the hkeli-
hood that this type Of hose
will be stockpiled for quick
restoration of city water fa-
cilities which have been de-
stroyed by enemy action or
natural disaster.
COllapsible Tank
Among other equipment
for rapid handling of liquid
fuels Just developed here is a
l0.000-gallon collapsible stor-
age tank which. when empty,
can be rolled up like a rug
and placed in a lightweight
canvas bag. 1t can be set up
and placed in operation in q
matter of minutes and is to
be used in conjunction with
the lightweight hose line
system.
This military development.
the Fort Belvoir Engineers
say, is Spearheading further
development by rubber COM
panies to produce numerous
types of collapsible con-
tainers for many applications.
Modern war is fought al
most as much with gasoline
as with guns. Campaigns may
be won or lost according to
distribution and availability
of motor fuels.
Engineers of the petroleum
equipment branch here also
have developed an apparatus
which removes all water
which may have gotten into
a gasoline supply and filters
out all suspended solid ma
terial, including particles
with diameters as minute as
a thousandth of a millimeter.
This development was started
about ten years ago and still
Is continuing.
Military turbine type avia-
ton engines, it is explained,
require scrupulouSly clean
and dry fuel. Their fine toler-
ance parts malfunction in the
presence of small particles,
water or ice particles which
crystalize out of the fuel at
high attitudes when water
is present.
The development at its
present stage is being
adopted by commercial air.
lines. AS these continue their
conversion to turbine engine
planes, the degree of fuel
cleanliness required will be-
come more and more critical.
1t is expected here that the
fueling systems at all COM
mercial airports eventually
will use the military type Of
purifiers. This, the Engineers
say, almost certainly will re-
suit in fewer plane crashes
with resultant loss of life.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Puerto Rico's Status

on page A-5 OF your July
6 Sunday Star, you printed a
brief story in which Puerto
Rico is called a Territory.
Please note that since 1852
Puerto Rico has become a
Commonwealth through the
operation of a law enacted
by Congress "in the nature
of a compact" and approved
Overwhelmingly by the people
of Puerto Rico in a referen-
dunn.
Territories, whether incor-
porated or not Incorporated,
are ruled by the Federal
Government through COVER
nors and other executive Of
ficers who are appointed by
Washington, the territorial
peoples electing only the
legislatures. Furthermore,
they are so governed not by
laws enacted in the nature of
a compact and subject to the
approval of their peoples, but
by laws enacted by Congress
unilaterally, which also serve
as constitutions" not ap-
proved by them In this re-
gard the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico. which is a new
creation in the American
system, is not the same as a
State but is equal in political
dignity to a State. Let this
be said to the great credit of
the United States Congress
and of the Puerto Rican
people It is for this reason
that the vast majority of
Puerto Rieans have rejected
independence and are not
seeking federated statehood,
They believe in self-deter-
mination. On the basis of
this belief they are happy
that Alaska, which sought
statehood, has obtained it,
and will be equally happy
when Hawaii also obtains
statehood by the operation of
the same principle of self
determination.
Your story was related to
the fact that ex-President
Hoover said in Brussels, in
expressing the United States
belief in the principle of self
determination, that the
United States is urging" in
dependence on Puerto Rico.
The word was badly chosen.
The United States is, of
course, not urging independ-
ence on P%erto Rico. 1t has
collaborated with the Puerto
Rican people in establishing
in Puerto Rico the new form
of political freedom requested
and approved by the major
ity of its voters. Common
wealth status is, of course,
capable of further develop
ment, but only within its own
nature and not toward
either independence or fed
Grated statehood. The United
States Congress and the
Puerto Rican people, who
have had the political talent
to develop a new form ap-
plicable to the special eco
nomic and cultural conditions
of Puerto Rico. will certainly
show themselves possessed of
the ability to improve upon
their own creation. They are
very proud of having con-
tributed to the American
system a new form of polit-
ical equality-albeit prob
ably not applicable to Alaska
or Hawaii.
Luis MunOz Marin,
Governor, Commonwealth o
Puerto Rico
Evening star., 1958-07-11

ward countries, that we can
not depend on to stand by us
in time of trouble. Russia will
find it hard to beat us eco
nomically If we send a vast
army of young people. and
our unemployed, to pioneer
in the new State now. But we
must hurry.
Giralda Forbes.
Boston, Mass.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TRACEWELL

vulture can see a moving
mouse 2 miles away.
A man who feeds the pi-
geons at 18th and Pennsyl-
vania avenue told me that
the birds at 9Th and the
Avenue saw him and few in
to get their share.
1t is always a question, Of
course, of just what the birds
see.
Do they see him, and rec
ognize him?
Do they recognize the bag
of food?
Do they know it is time for
him?
Do they, on the other wing,
just see other birds fly down,
and know with bird wisdom
that where some fly down,
there may be food?
4 X 4
WASHINGTON BLDG.
Dear Sir:
did you ever allow robins
to take over your front porch
for nesting? If not-don't!
Outside of the inconven-
ience of having family and
guests use the kitchen or cell
lar entrance for a month,
there's quite a mess to clean
up after Joe and Nelly fly
the coop. You can have 'eml
I'll take dogs.
Yours, j. E. ON"
y
Another thing against the
robin as a porch resident
The babies are always fall
ing out of the nest.
They are the "fallingest"
of all baby birds. Perhaps as
many jays fall out of nests.
but they are chaperoned bet
ter afterward by their par.
ents.
The robin parents seem ut
terly unable to do anything
about the fallen robin babies.
and usually leave them to
themselves, not carrying food
to them as the father Jay
does to his fallen offspring.
A robin nest close tn the
house is interesting to watch,
but one should not expect
more than half of the nest
to be raised to maturity. and
this is a sadness, in itself.
One thing about a close
nest, however. is that the
watcher can put the fallen
back into the nest. whereas
this is often impossible If the
nest is in a tree.
Evening star., 1958-07-11

fashion again in the dark world behind
the Iron Curtain. Why2 Apparently
Soviet despotism has found that even a
little bit Of self-rule, even a little bit Of
individual and national independence
within its empire, would In time sweep 1t
away. Hence the hard new line, which
is the line Of men afraid OF freedom.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
YISTAS LN SCIENCE
Amy Develops New Type ,X-Ray'
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

FORT BELvoIR, Va. "A
new kind Of ''x-ray" is being
developed by Army Engineers
here.
It is an apparatus which,
among other things. can be
used TO take pictures through
the skin. 1t is based on the
thermograph. q device which
produces pictures of objects
from the infrared radiation
(black light) which emanates
from them.
This light. essentially the
same as heat, can be con-
verted into visible light which
will affect a Photographic
plate. Its intensity varies
with the intensity Of its
source. It has some slight
penetration under or through
skin. With the thermograph.
extremely small infrare1 var
iations can be detected.
One predictable application.
the Engineers say, would be
differentiation of breast cam
GERS under the skin. 1t has
been known for some time
that rapidly proliferating ma
lignant tissue is slighter
warmer-that is, it is putting
forth more infrared - than
the normal tissue around it.
The differences, however, are
at the extreme limits of de-
reliability. The thermograph,
it is hoped, win make detec-
ton. and hence early dag
nosis of malignant conditions,
much easier than at present.
Opposite to X-Ray
While it can be pictured as
acting somewhat like an
X-ray, it actually. of course,
is precisely the opposite. The
former depends on extremely
short wavelengths of the ra-
diation spectrum, the latter
on quite long ones. The x-ray
provides its own radiation.
The thermograph is depend
ent on the self-radiation of
the object it is picturing.
Development of the first of
a series of three thermo-
graphs began at Fort Belvoir
seven years ago and accept
ance tests of the final model
now are being conducted.
Meanwhile, however, some Of
the principles have been ap-
piled in industry where deter
mination of very small and
often hidden heat differences
is essential. Medical use is
still theoretical.
Both industrial and medical
uses are, of course, by
products of the Army re-
search. They have no i'm
mediate military application.
The primary military interest
is the ability to take pictures
at night without exposure
and the distance and clarity
with which such pictures can
be obtained.
This has been tested in
crucial experiments between
Colorado mountain peaks as
much as 10 miles apart.
+
The CT gasoline can of the
last war may well be a thing
of the past.
Battle areas, it is likely,
will be served by a hose line
system made possible by de-
velopment here of a light
Evening star., 1958-07-11

w. H. r. over in Falls
Church had a wren he
thought was baby sitting for
a blue jay.
Whenever the jay went
away for a time, Jenny Wren
would fly in and hover over
the nest.
Jenny was probably there
looking for eggs to peck. She
is mean little thing, at
heart. and dearly loves this
kind of work.
Usually she confines it to
her own species. Nothing
strikes her as more fun than
to tumble a rivals eggs out
of the nest.
Yet this strange little bird
is a universal favorite, on
account Of her pert ways.
saucy tail and chattering
song.
Wrens some times seem to
have deserted their nests.
Anything that t frightens
them will cause them to fly
out and away.
Apparently this is an effort
to throw the enemy off the
track. Her reasoning, if any,
probably is that If the enemy
sees her go away, he will go
away, too.
So it never does for an
observer to think the young
are completely deserted, or
that Jenny has left the eggs
for good.
One householder took out
the eggs, thinking the wren
was gone. When she finally
came back, the thief was
much upset. and put the eggs
back.
1t is a belief of many that
birds will not return to a
nest touched by human
hands.
There probably is not much
truth in this. After all, the
instincts of the birds are
deep rooted, coming down to
them over millions of years.
and they are not to be dis
Suaded from any Of their an
cesral tasks by a mere smell.
Other babies have been
substituted in a nest without
the mother bird knowing the
difference. The same has been
done with eggs.
The idea that thry invari-
ably refuse to come back was
cooked up for us by impa-
tient watchers. That is, they
did not wait long enough.
They were, in essence, hasty
lockers.
Birds eyes are marvels.
We do not have to look to
the stars all the time.
Worlds above our heads
are marvellous enough. but
the bird eye is a complete
miracle in itself.
1t is said that a turkey
Evening star., 1958-07-11
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DriterS'. correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sation.
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Questions and Answers
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. Are the rubber base
paints suitable for use on
masonry?--B. s.
A. Yes. they can be used on
stone, brick, concrete and
cinder block. and on asbestos
shingles.
Evening star., 1958-07-11

Birds eyes are marvels.
We do not have to look to
the stars all the time.
Worlds above our heads
are marvellous enough. but
the bird eye is a complete
miracle in itself.
It is said that a turkey
Evening star., 1958-07-11
Must Be q Democrat

j. j.. r.