davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-16

I'm deStacado financiero norte-
americana que dicho sea de paso
nos parece mas ilusionista que
Houdini, ACADIA de hacer unas de.
claraciones morrocotudas. Ell Sc.
nor Cyrus S. Eaton, quien de
acuerdo con la Information co.
memo de Pastor protestante y
por earambola Sc convirtio en-
hacendista y ahora ha vuelto
a sus> predicas evangelicas, es de
opinion que debemos llegar a
I'm acuerdo con la Russia Sovie-
tlca demostrando nuestros pro-
positos de querubines blancos
con alas, halo y TODD 10 demas.
Ell Pastor de marras cree, ade-
mas, que la falta esta de nues-
ira parte. o sea, que los EEL
han sido los agresores en- esta
guerra fra que cada dia Sc po-
ne mas caliente. Y pide que de-
saparezcan las fuerzas de la
NATO con bases militares y to-
da clase de defensa, para de-
mostrar ash nuestra buena
fe e intenciones angelicales. Des-
pues, una buena conversation
entire Nikita Y Ike puede hacer
desaparecer de la terra como
por encanto las amenazas de
guerra que angustian a la hui
manidad.
jComo Sc lie ocurre a este Sc
sudo financista norteamerica-
no que podamos negociar con
I'm pals como Russia? iNegociaria
este pazguato evangelista con
una cuadrilla de "gangsters'?
Por 10 visto, ell amigo Eaton no
ha leido la historic de esa ma
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-16
R

Este termino de la jerga ~perodiShca no ha sido acceptable DOR La
Academia, a pesar de que ella ha impartido SUI bendn6n a reportero
y reporterismo, al par que ha catalogado reporte como sinonimo de
noucia. Otlclamente, repOrtaje continua sendo anglicismo q in.
ulnSecamente' dcaon innecesara, porque la idea que con ella Sc
pretenoe expresar hene perfecta representation en- la palabra er.
trevista. " 9"
Lo propio cabe decir de repOrtazgO, anotado por Santamarfa
en- su DicciOnarO de Amercanismos.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-16
e. ANGLIcISMO EN- ESPANOL
c~oNTEMPORANEO

Con q DRop6GkO de eontrbuh 81 mantenimiento Dc b pursxa d uusn
70 hH0MA dAanaMent pubhcaFemos an ea pAgina I'm artSeulo A, NmAM
Hesanss , nOvedoso Dfcdonaro De AngMiSmOs del omtuanAa mMwwaaMm~
w4 y nnSaONo panamsAo doctor Reardo J Affairs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
THE NATIONAL SCENE 0
Resistance: Less Massive?

With every day last week mas
sive resistance in Virginia moved
closer to it's long delayed last
ditch and the States school sys-
tenn moved closer to turmoil, The
meaning of these two facts was
not subtle: The day when Viz
ginia's schools will be deSegregated
is not quite as far beyond the
horizon as it has seemed.
And if the Great Wall was about
to show some cracks in Virginia,
it did not still appear quite so
impregnable in its more southern
sections.
Even the white-manned field
marshal of the massive resisters,
Gov. Lindsay Almond. on one
occasion seemed very cautiously
to be looking behind him to see
if there was not, after all, bridge
or two that he had not burned,
and if there was way to prepare
VirginianS for the inevitable.
This glance over the shoulder
did not mean, of course. that mas
sive resistance actually had be-
come less massive; it meant, SIM
ply, that for the first time the
grand strategists might be slightly
more inclined to concede publicly
that there was possibility ultimate
victory might not be theirs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Importance of Islands

The offshore islands-little ar
chipelagos from 4 to 10 miles
of the coaSt-command the ap-
proaches to the important MAIN
land port of Annoy.
In 1855, when signs of impend-
ing Communist attack were being
carefully analysed in Washington.
the administration asked Congress
to give Mr.. Eisenhower specific
advance authority to defend For
mosa and the Pescadores against
Communist attack. The President
got that authority by Joint reso-
luton of both houses. Mr.. Dulles
promptly hailed the resolution as
proof positive that the United
States would swiftly implement
the treaty signed with Chang Kali
shek in 1854, committing the
United States to intervene in
force if either Formosa or the
Pescadores were attacked.
But nothing was said in the
1854 treaty about the offshore is
lands themselves. The State De-
partment has consistently refused
to say definitely what the United
States would do if the offshore
islands alone were attacked. In a
policy deliberately vague, and
described as keep 'em guessing"
Washington would say only that
a decision to defend the offshore
Continued on Page A-32
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Almonds Viewpoint

Gov. Almond said on Tuesday
that State laws interpoSed between
school boards under court integra-
ton orders could not relieve MEM
bers of the boards of their respon-
sibilities to the Federal courts.
The Governor said he recognized
the "coercive powers" of the
courts, although he didn't recog-
nize their authority. In other
words, as he put it. "You might
have the power to jump on me and
give me a thrashing, though /
wouldn't recognize your authority
to do it."
To some observers, the Governor
seemed to be saying to Virginians:
Prepare yourselves"
The Star explained the Gov
errors dilemma this way:
%. Gov. Almond knows, as
a practical matter, that he can
not close the high schools OF
Arlington and the high schools
of Norfolk for any appreciate
length of time. He will have to
turn them back to the local
authorities, who will open the
schools on an integrated basis.
All that will be left then is the
unsatisfactory, punitive remedy
of cutting off State funds. In
short, the Governor can penalize
the people of Arlington, Norfolk
and Charlottesville for doing
what the power of the Federal
courts requires them to do, but
he cannot prevent indignation"
Two days after his statement
implying more flexibility, the Gov
ernor stiffened again. He told the
school boards now under integra-
ton orders to refuse to make any
pupil assignments-unless such re-
fusal would place board members
in contempt of court. He reminded
them that, under State law, only
the State Pupil Placement Board
has authority to assign pupils to
schools. But he added: Whether
the assignment made by the Pupil
Placement Board would be re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Some Indignation Seen

1t appeared likely that, after
the weeks developments, there
certainly would be some
integrated public schools in Vir-
GINA this year. 1t also seemed
certain that these schools would
be closed by the State.
But would they stay closed?
Perhaps novelist william
Faulkner had the answer to that
one when he declared last year
that the public schools provided
mothers with free babysitting
services and that Virginia moth
erS-integrationists and Segre-
gationists alike-need not be ex-
pected to sit still while this was
taken from them.
Elsewhere as the new school
year opened. there was little
trouble in schools that previously
were integrated under court
order.
In North Carolina, four Negroes
enrolled in schools that once were
for white only in Winston-Salem.
Five Negroes entered integrated
schools in Greensboro and two in
Charlotte. All three cities are in
their second year of token inte-
grafton.
In Great Mills. Md, a Negro
girl was enrolled at the previously
all-white high school under pro-
test by the st. Marys County
School Board. which is appealing
a Federal court indignation order.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
School Openings Delayed

The Governor also urged that
school openings in the affected To-
calities be delayed until after the
Supreme Court decides the Little
Rock case. Arguments before the
high court on the fate of Little
Rock indignation will resume on
Thursday, with a decision expect
ed before Little Rock schools are
to open on September Is.
Charlottesville had already de-
layed its opening date until Sep
TENDER Is, and Norfolk postponed
school opening until September %.
While Gov. Almond appeared
to be reconsidering his Tuesday
remarks, his chief legal officer,
Attorney General Albertis Harri-
son, seemed to be echoing those
remarks. During argument of the
Arlington case in court, he asked
for more time, understanding and
tolerance for the State and sug-
gested that maybe year from
now" some of the Negroes appli-
cations might be accepted.
This was in Federal Court at
Alexandria, where Judge Albert v.
Bryan ended on Thursday three
days of testimony on the Airing
ton indignation cases and said he
would not have a ruling until after
the Little Rock decision in the Su-
preme Court. Arlington officials
then announced plans to open the
county's schools tomorrow-on a
segregated basis pending Judge
Bryan's final ruling.
Judge Bryan suggested that he
was waiting to act for guidance
from the high court, which he
thought might use the Little Rock
appeal to clarity its meaning of
the words "all deliberate speed"
in its earlier desegregation deci-
sion. At issue before the Supreme
Court is whether a Federal Dis
trict's Courts order delaying Lit
tie Rock indignation until 1861 is
correct.
The situation is more immedi-
ate in Arlington, where 80 Negro
children have applied for trans
fers to seven all-white schools. All
80 we're rejected by the State
Placement Board. Then, suspect
ing that Judge Bryan might de-
clare the amended placement law
illegal. the school board also con-
sidered the applications and re-
jected them. not because of race,
but on the ground that the appli-
cants had failed in academic and
psychological requirements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Indignation in Tennessee

Indignation also proceeded
peaceably in Clinton, Tenn, scene
of disorders in 1856, in Nashville,
and in several Kentucky commu-
mites.
Only in Van Buren,, Ark, was
there enough tension to threaten
trouble. There a group of white
students, protesting the enroll
ment of IS Negroes at the high
school, called a strike" threat
ened to use force against the
Negroes. and called upon Gov.
Orval Faubus for help. IL other
Arkansas towns = Fort Smith,
Hoxie, Charleston, Fayetteville
and Bentonville integrated
classes met without incident.
Meanwhile, President Eisen-
hover took a day off from his
golfing vacation in Newport, R. l.,
to return here and discuss the in
tegration problem and the war
threat in the Far East.
He met Attorney General Rogers
yesterday morning to talk over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Placement Law Validity

Judge Bryan will first consider
whether the placement law is le-
gal and whether it can legally be
applied to the Arlington trans
fers. if he decides in favor of the
law. the fate of the Negroes APP
plicatiens will be left up TO the
Placement Board, and there will.
of course, be no indignation this
year in Arlington.
But it is generally expected that
he will take consideration of the
applications away from the Place
ment Board and then proceed to
review the basis used by the school
board for rejecting the applica-
tons. At this point in his deliber-
alton Of the case. he must decide
whether the school boards decision
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Politics.:
LiberoIsW ooed

In New York, the Liberal Party,
concentrated in New York City
and drawing its strength from
voters to whom the New Deal is
still something very real, often
has served both as a counter
balance and a conscience to the
Democratic Party.
Without its 100000 to 100000
votes (which are largely Demo-
cratic splinter votes, only the
Democrat of great strength and
wide popular appeal can be
elected. The election of Gov.
Averell Hartman in 1854 was a
notable example; with 81 million
votes cast, he squeaked through
with only a 11.000-vote majority
thanks to the Liberal Party.
So the Democrats had good
reason to spend most of last week
on their knees before Liberal
Party leaders pleading for the
support of District Attorney Frank
Hogan, whom the Democratic
convention had chosen the pre-
vious week as the man to try
to fill the seat of Republican
Senator Irving Ives, who is re-
firing.
The Liberals had been incensed
over the selection of Mr.. Hogan.
1t wasn't that they didn't like his
r.. L Il
his senatorial hopes, Mr.. Hogan
often has sounded like a candi-
date made to order for the Lib
erals. What they did not like
was Mr.. Hogan's sponsor, Car
mine De Sapio, and the way the
Tammany boss had forced the
Hogan nomination over the OBJ
jections of New York Mayor Rob-
ert Wagner and Gov. Hartman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Could Abandon Claims

In this latter connection. a
phrase of the Dulles statement is
of particular significance. 1t APP
peared as point No. 8 in the state
ment, as follows: "The United
States has not, however. aban-
doned hope that Peiping will stop
short of defying the will of man
kind for peace. This Mould not
require it to abandon its claims,
M-tounded as zoe deem them to
be-" Emphasis supplied
The official statement wound up
with a reference to the proposal
made between 1855 and 1858, at
the Geneva talks between repre-
Sentatives of Communist China
and the United States, that some
agreement be concluded renounc-
ing the use of force in the Fornosa
question without prejudice to
the pursuit of policies by peaceful
means the United States in
tends to follow that course. so
far as it is concerned. unless and
until the Chinese Communists, by
their acts, leave US no choice but
to react in defense of the princi-
Piles to which all peace-loving
governments are dedicated"
There has been a series of blunt
warnings from Moscow that the
Soviet Union and the entire Com
munist bloc are ready to back
China ito crush United States i'm
perialist aggression"
So far, the Soviet warnings
have been confined to the pages of
PraVda and other Soviet news
papers, and to broadcasts over
Radio Moscow. But most OBJ
servers expect the press and ra-
dio campaign to be the curtain
raiser to a new series Of letters
from the Kremlin to Washington
and other Western capitals. Some
American officials predict a new
Communist drive for summit
conference, and view the current
threat to Formosa as part OF the
strategy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
World Put on Notice

But in the words of the high
official" explaining the statement,
the world was put on notice that
the United States has in fact de-
cided to repel any Chinese Com
munist attack on the offShore
islands. In addition, the informal
briefing disclosed that the United
States has no intentions Of wait
ing, if attack comes, until the
situation was in extremis but we
would judge in the light of all the
circumstances whether or not the
situation was out of hand as far
as the Chinese Nationalist alone
are concerned"
What this curious double play
appeared to mean, in point of di-
plomacy, was that the Chinese
Communists were being put on
notice that the United States in
tends to- intervene if there is an
attack from the mainland on the
offshore islands, and the 10000 TO
oOsuOu blOOPo VI 0C4CI d11oo4AtlO
Chang Kai-shek are unable them
selves to repel the assault. But. in
the formal statement, the leaders
Of the Peiping government are also
told that. since lit is not yet GER
tain that their (the Peiping gov
ernment's) purpose is in fact to
make an about effort to conquer
by force Taiwan and the offshore
islands," there is still an oppor-
tunity to back out gracefully.
Thus the techniques of diplo-
macy ID made it plain that the
United States had definitely de-
cided to intervene with armed
forces if the Chinese Communists
attempted to seize the offshore
islands, and % that at the same
time the United States was willing,
indeed anxious, to induce Peiping
to seek other, peaceful means of
securing its aims in the Formosa
Strait.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07

presented to the people and which
are not worth a single American
life"
The Formosa issue, at the bot
tom of the present crisis. goes
back to 1949, when the remnants
of Chang Kai-sheks Nationalist
armies, routed by the Communists
on the mainland. fled to the is
land bastion and re-eStablished
the Nationalist government.
At that time. and for several
years thereafter, Formosa was not
looked upon by American official
policy as of vital Importance to
United States defenses. Former
President Truman. at the begin
ming of the Korean War, "leashed"
Chiang's forces and sent the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07

Diplomacy has a language Of
its own. Whether communication
be in English or French or Rus
sian. there are significant mean
ings to be read in them by the
initiated. Thus what appears to
be an ultimatum may in fact be
a sternly worded offer of a way
out of the particular crisis: on
the other hand a seemingly cas-
ual aide memoire" can convey.
between its lines. a proposal Of
major Importance.
Last Thursday, Secretary Of
State Dulles issued q statement
to the press. He had just discussed
the situation in the Far East with
President Eisenhower at the lat
ter's vacation White House at
Newport. r, /. He called the
threatening crisis over the islands
of Quemoy, the Matsus, and a
number of smaller offshore Chi
nese islets "the serious situation
which has resulted from agrees
sive Chinese Communist military
actions in the Taiwan Formosa)
Strait area"
But the formal statement.
stern and fortnight as it APP
peared to be, was itself less i'm
portant than the accompanying,
informal. comment on the situa-
ton made by "a high administra-
ton Official at Newport. News
men were enjoined against naming
this official.
In Secretary Dulles formal
statement. Mr. Eisenhower was
said to have not yet felt called
upon to find that 1.-THE employ
ment of the armed forces of the
United States is required or APP
propriate In insuring the defense
of Formosa."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07

the school situation. It was Mr..
Rogers Justice Department that
appeared before the Supreme
Court few days ago to ask that
indignation not be delayed in Little
Rock. The departments plea sug-
gested to some a contradiction
within the administration, since
it came shortly after the President
had told a news conference that
he would prefer to see indignation
move more slowly.
For the South as a whole, and
its Is million school pupils. there
was little change in the desegrega~,
ton picture from last year. The
Southern Education Reporting
Service found only II more school
districts than last year had started
or completed desegregation-and
these were all in Border States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07

have been three congressional
scrambles and a fight for Names
first four-year gubernatorial term
Last year Maine voters changed
their constitution to allow Mo-
vember State elections, beginning
in 1860. and four-year guberna-
torial terms.
Former Gov. Horace A. Hildreth,
81, radio-TV chain owner and Ell
senhower-appointed former Am
bassador to Pakistan. is opposed
in the Governors race by ex-
chiropractor Clinton A. Clauson,
Ga, acknowledgement Maine
Collector of Internal Revenue for
10 years.
Mr.. Clauson has promised to
continue Gov. Muskie's program
for progress Mr.. Hildreth has
stressed his experience and rec
ord. The Ex-Governor is leading
in all informal polls.
In the LIST congressional dis
trict, incumbent Representative
Robert Hale, seeking his ninth
term, may successfully gain it by
defeating Democrat James C.
Oliver, who called for a congres-
sional ballot inspection after los
ing to Mr.. Hale by 20 votes two
years ago.
In the I'd district, firSt-term
Representative Frank NJ Coffin,
80, Lewiston Democrat, undoubt-
eddy will defeat G. o. P. maverick
Neil S. Bishop, Sc, Stock Springs
farmer who bolted his party to
support Gov. Muskie in 1854.
Professor Is the Surprise
The one sleeper" in the con-
gressional picture is University
of Maine government professor
Gerald j. Grady, SO. who is OPP
posing Republican Representative
Clifford G. McIntire, A. Perham
Mr.. McIntire, a former Aroostook
County potato farmer, repeatedly
did not take Mr.. Grady too seri-
ously at the start Of the campaign
Mr.. Grady. a handsome new
conner to politics. has worked seven
days a week. with advice from an
equally politically inexperienced
group of housewives and univer-
sity associates. His T'V appear
ances are said to have appealed
to many women voters.
Moreover. Mr.. Grady's home is
in the districts largest county
Penobscot-and it is here that he
has been concentrating on getting
out the vote. He also has stumped
the other four counties several
times. Mr.. McIntire. however. is
the favorite.
Two years ago when Gov.
Muskie gained a second term,
304, 200 voters turned out to give
him 10000 to his opponents
$4,000 total. This year, veteran
observers are saying the total
may run as high as $4,000 Many
of these same veterans contend
that the voters viii split then
ballotS-Democratic for Muskie
and Second District Representa-
tive Coffin; G. o. P. for Mr.
Hildreth and the balance of the
tickets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07

highest vote ever given a candi-
date for Governor in the Pine Tree
State. He pulled enough Demo-
Gratis into what had been a lop-
sided Legislature to give them
breaking vote on all two-thirds
measures, jumping the member
ship from % to 81 in the House.
The @. o. p. elected 100 members
then.
Muskie Contest Main One
The statewide campaign began
almost six weeks ago. 1t has been
centered on the Muskie-Payne
contest, almost entirely, Both
have shaken thousands of hands,
in industrial plants, along small
town main streets and at public
chicken barbeques.
The lanky, 44-year-old Muskie
has been considered an odds-on
favorite from the start. But three
factors appear to have narrowed
his lead these past two weeks.
First-Senator Payne, So, DEM
onstrated that his experienced
hand at stumping and meeting
people still is quite effective. This
heartened dubious party organi-
zation workers.
Second-a change in the G. o. P.
State organization brought new
faces who have worked. with con-
siderable help from the G.. o. P.
National Committee, toward per-
fecting unified party Vote-get-
ting machine.
Third-Gov. Muskie came out
second best on a Statewide tele-
vised debate over the Eisenhower
Administrators foreign policy.
Gov. Muskie. apparently trying
not to ALLEVIATE any pro-MuSkie
Republicans. adopted high-level,
almost-Adlai Stevenson approach
to foreign policy. Senator Payne,
on the. other hand. defended the
Eisenhower program. and made
much of the fact that the PreSi-
dent has kept US out of war"
while the Democrats were in
power when World War II and the
Korean conflict came up.
The GoIdfine Case
Despite these three factors. SEN
ator Payne still is not considered
the easy winner, primarily because
of his close friendship with Bos-
ton Industrialists Bernard Gold
fine. He himself admitted publicly
that Mr.. sGoldfine loaned him
$500, interest-free, to make a
down. payment on his washington
home. He has not repaid the loan,
nor has he said when he plans to
reimburse Mr.. Goldfine. This. ac-
cording to all indications, "both-
ers" the normally shrewd Maine
Yankee.
There have been no recognizable
issues between the two top candi-
dates. Senator Payne challenged
Gov. Muskie to disagree with his
Senate votes. Gov. Muskie chose
IS votes and said he would have
voted the other way.
Other Issues in Voting
Overshadowed by the popularity
contest of the Senate candidates
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-07
Fiqht in Senate

In the Senate, the late Senator
Robert A. Taft, aided by Sena-
tor Styles Bridges. Republican of
New Hampshire, and Senator VIII
liam F. Knowland, Republican Of
California, took up the cry, Sem
ate debate, now thoroughly parti-
san as the 1852 presidential cleo
ton approached. dwelt on For
mosa to such an extent that Sem
ator Knowland was once referred