davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1958-07-11

Sometimes an apparently
local political race has, just
below the surface, an impor-
tance far above its meaning
at home-a significance hard
ly less than that of a national
election.
Such a rare contest has
developed in Tennessee.
Superf1cially. the issue simply
Is whether Senator Albert
Gore shall be granted a
D ocratic nomination
equivalent to reelection or
whether he shall be replaced
by Prentice Cooper.
The outcome of the primary
August Z will involve neither
= partisan gain nor loss as be-
tween the Democratic and
Republican Parties; the seat
in any event will remain
Democratic for party pur-
poses. But being put to the
~ test is a whole new political
movement. This is nothing
less than the long effort of
the younger South to turn
away from the destructive
memories of the War Be-
tween the States - still to
honor Southern gallantry,
yes, but to forget the wound
ing bitterness of a defeat
sealed nearly a hundred years
ago.
The result will tell whether
q moderately liberal and for
ward-looking Southern polit-
ical view can survive in the
tragic backwash of the racial
crisis in Little Rock and else
where. And If this view can
not live in Tennessee, which
is upper Southern rather
than deep Southern, it can
hardly live anywhere in the
South.
All this is the estimate of
the ablest national politicians
herein both parties and
from all sections. The eyes of
political Washington are
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
EDITORIAL
OPERATION PAN AMERICAN

Any effort made to achieve a quick readjuStment OF
relations among the peoples of the Western Hemisphere is
worthy of immediate and enthusiastic support on the part
of those who bear the responsibility of being citizens of the
Americas.
We must emphasize this concept as a reminder that
Governments should not be the only ones to think about the
future of a Hemisphere where none of the peoples can
escape the tragic shadows of war, or of the constant struggle
for economic eXcelment in a world divided into categOrically
defined theological camps, but citizens in general must par
ticipate in these activities. Is
The letter of President JuScelinO KubitSchek to PreSi-
dent Eisenhower, the visit of Secretary of State Dulles to
Brazil, are gestures which, to produce practical results, must
be known thoroughly by all and each of the peoples of
America in order to take the weapon away from the enemy
who has already begun to hint of alliance among the great
of the Hemisphere. For that reason, added Importance is
given to the valuable interview given us by the Brazilian
Ambassador in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, DIR. Bolivar FreitaS,
since he is insofar as we know one of the first voices
raised to explain to the peoples of America the motives that
inspire the Brazilian President In connection with his Inter-
American movements.
The United States, on its part, must undoubtedly expand
Its information program SO that the peoples of America will
thoroughly understand what is being done and what is
going to be done for the benefit of a true Inter:American
policy: one which frames the peoples in the development of
their everyday lives. We definitely believe that the pro-
cedure of converting the Ambassadors i'm Washington to &C.
caSiOnally inform them of what can be learned from the
lea is not enough to reach the heart of the masses.
..re OPERATION PAN AMERICAN is a hope which must
be explained by their originatOrs in the desire that it be
understood and, therefore, supported by the PEOPLES of
America.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10

In a weekly bulletin on foreign
trade of the Department, the fol-
lowing reports on economic trends
are:
Mexico; commercial activities
dropped in June, but apparently,
industry was not affected. Foreign
exchange was weak. 1t is hoped
that the situation will improve,
nevertheless, mainly due to the
favorable agricultural perspec-
tiveS."
Canada: Mixed economic condi-
tons prevail at the middle of the
year. The general impression is
that the recession has reached its
limit, but there is no assurance
as to when economic expansion
will be renewed. A gradual in
crease in activities is expected
during the third and fourth quar-
tiers.
Brazil: The changes in the Ca
binet in June, and numerous trade
and investment conferences held
before the middle of the year,
show promise of an improvement
in the economic situation. Coffee
exports during the first semester
of the year were 100000 less
sacks than in the same period of
1857, or a 1910 reduction. Oil
production shows a slight increase.
There was also more activity in
the corn and bean areas Of the
Northwest.
PERU: The economic situation
during the second quarter of 1858
weakened by a drop in the value
of the Sol, an increasing unfav-
orable trade balance, increase in
prices, drop in profits in businesses
and Labor demands for higher
salaries. Copper and lead exports
during the first semester increased
in volume but dropped in profits.
Export crops of sugar and cotton
were good, but low world prices
reduced the profits to less than
the same period of 1857. Peru is
worried about the U. S. trade poll
cies which affect copper, lead,
zinc, and tuna, but she is encourag-
ed by the U. S. decision not to
increase lead and zinc duties.
Costa RIGA: The Inauguration of
the Echandi government in May
and the political economic contro-
versy about the private ownership
and management or government
control of a proposed cement fac
tory were the main events in the
second semester. Although last
years alarm about the drop in
coffee prices has died down, there
is still much worry about future
world prices of coffee.
Ecuador: The tendency of a
drop in almost all phases of eco
nomic activity was apparent in the
April to June period. Exports were
adversely affected by International
market conditions, including those
of the U. S.
Paraguay: Starting on the 3rd of
July, the Central Bank of Para
quay increased from 1919 to
23% the advance deposit required
for the importation of certain
essential merchandise. Paraguay
also imposed, for the first tim, e
an advance payment of 1917. on all
imports of fuel derived from oil
and set a minimum 100 day period
in which the banks should retain
the advance deposits.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
Red China Paper
Says 'Impeia|ist'
Dulles Failed in
Visit 10 Brazil

TOKYO, Aug. 9. (UPI).- Com
munist China's Ia Kung .Pao de-
clared today that Secretary of State
John Foster Dulles visit to Latin
America has failed to quell "the
Surging anti-U.S. sentiment of the
Latin American people,.
!. The semi-official newspaper said
editorially that in his Aug. 6 state
ment in Rio de Janeiro, Dulles,
"the watchdog of monopoly CAPT
talism," sought Ito justify q. S.
armed aggression in the Middle
East and to deck the U. S. impe-
rialists out as guardians of smaller
nations.
The newspaper, controlled by the
Chinese Communist Party, said
"the U. S. im%perialists are those
who time and again mobilize gun
boats and warplanes to carry out
ruthless Intervention in the inter
nal affairs of the various Latin
American. countries and to ex-
plot them economically.
1t added that in Brazil, cover $50
U. S. companies and two big US.
trusts exercise strict control over
Brazilian economy.
The Ia Kung Pao said Dulles
warnings of international commu-
nists plots" are aimed at blocking
Latin American trade with the So
cialist camp. Such trade, the news
paper said, would be biased on
equality and mutual profit.
But it added that the U. S. elm
perialists... employ every military,
political and economic means to
penetrate the countries in the Mid
die East and Latin America, di-
rectly and indirectly, to extort
superprofits for the capitalist mo-
nopolies'.
The newspaper said that in Latin
America, where the flames of ma
tional independence r burning,
Dulles could find no handle for
his sinister maneuvers'.
The Ia Kung Pao said the cry,
ego home Dulles, is the answer
ito the whole U. S. aggressive
policy. 1t is also the voice OF, the
Latin American people. The domi-
nation of Latin America by the
U. S. is tottering and heading for
collapse.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
Paper Advocates
Widening Canal

NEW YORK (UPI)-A editorial
published in the evening journal
American, stresses widening the
Panama Canal, since it is made
quate in times of emergency with
relation to defense.
The editorial says that this is
evident as the j. S. aircraft a +
rier Ranger had to go around
Cape Horn.
1t adds that the proposal by
Nicaragua to construct a canal
joining the Atlantic and Pacific
would be the answer to all urgent
problems related to the situation
because lit would substantially
shorten the distance between the
principal ports of our two coasts.
1t would materially reduce the
Inter Coastal Military and Maritime
transportation costs. But, above all,
it would furnish an alternate route
in ease the Panama Canal was put
out of operation due to war or
natural causes"
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10

..,sgg eem08gF@@e,
What Is The U. S. Military
Mission Doing in Cuba!

This is not a matter of discuss.
ing a delicate subject for the
mere purpose of filling a column.
1t is a case of exposing questions
that are the object of intense
debate in a sister nation which
does not consider as healthy in
tentions which are otherwise
inspired by motivations entirely
alien to the tortuous civil war
that is bleeding Cuba white.
There is an extraordinary re-
sponsibility on the part of the
United States in overlooking the
feelings of thousands of homes
in mourning and which, between
tears, see a doubt over the corpse
of their father, husband, or sol
fallen in the battlefield, one par.
ticipant of which receives train
ing by the Military Mission Of
the United States.
Certainly the reason for the
-bilateral agreement between the
U. S. and Cuba is known, as il
the fact that its initiation foresaw
only the unification of methods
of the Armed Forces of the
Western Hemisphere. Neverthe-
less, after twenty months of
fighting between the Govern
ment and the People of Cuba,
there is no room for this type of
excuses.
The U. S. Military Mission pro-
vOkeS a reaction contrary to the
objective which inspired its crea.
ton. Upon the start of an armed
conflict which annihilates a ma
ton, the mission of the United
States should be one of Red
Cross and not of training one of
the sides.
1t is contrary to reality to de.
fend a theoretical point against
a practical one. The Govern.
ment of Cuba is not at war with
a foreign power enemy of the
United States, it is fighting with
its own people and therefore it
is superfluous that it have avail.
able, even if only in appearance,
Armed Forces trained by the Mi
litary Mission of the Great De-
mocracy of the United States.
Any doubts concerning this
point of capital Importance must
be resolved practically and with.
out deceit. The U. S. Military
Mission must be removed until
the armed conflict between the
Government and the People Of
Cuba comes to an end.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
A new GOOD NEIcHBoR POLICY?

To old Washington hands, much
of the activity now going on at
State Department and along En-
bassy Row among the Latin Amer
lean diplomats stationed here is
reminiscent of the early days of
the Good Neighbor policy. ,
In the past couple of weeks
groups of Latin American experts
in raw materials and commodities
such as coffee, zinc, copper have
been flocking to Washington to
meet with State Department Of
ficials. The reason? The conviction
dramatically borne in on the De-
partment and u friends to the
south that something is wrong
with inter-American relations and
that something urgent must be
done about 1t.
That something is wrong, all
agree when they recall Vice Presi-
dent Richard Nixon's recent deplo-
rable experiences in Lima and Ca
racas. But what is wrong is equal
ly clear to the diplomats now hud-
ding in Washington.
1t can be summed up like this:
While the U. S. was trying to
help its friends in Europe and
Asia to stamp out the brush fires
started by international Commu:
nism in the two old continents,
the Reds we're -sneaking in by our
black door" into Latin America.
Evidence of this was provided by
the Lima and Caracas incidents
which, even if they weren't started
by Moscow's minions, at least were
exploited by them. At the same
time word has been reaching Wa
shington of the comparative sue
cess of the Soviet economic Of
fensive in Latin America. Colon
bia has consented to sell some OF
its surplus coffee to Moscow, and
the latter has offered to trade in
dustrial equipment to Brazil for
some of its own surplus coffee. The
Brazilians are not buying this deal
= at least not for now, but they
are studying it.
At any rate, representatives of
several of the coffee producing
nations OF this hemisphere have
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
SECRET PERON FILES
BURNED IN

MENDOZA, Argentina (UPI)-
Thousands of documents from the
Secret Police files of the Peronist
regime were burned in Indepen-
dence Plaza while a huge crowd
sang the National Anthem.
The Provisional Governor, DR..
Arturo Ueltschi, announced that
4,500 political, 5000 communists,
and 1000 union records were burn
ed, along with thousands Of civ
ilian records.
Also some 10000 special record
cards went up in smoke, $4,000
of which were communist. Besides,
80 files of political organizations
and six thousand special reports
sent from Buenos Aires to the
political or secret police were
DESTROYED.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10

been budding with the State De-
partment. A loan has been granted
to Colombia and another O may
be granted to Brazil to stabilize
their currencies. While these loans
are a stop-gap measure, the State
Department, together with the cof-
fee nations meeting in Washing
ton, has set up a study group on
the world coffee situation. Talk is
heard of an international agree
ment to establish quotas for this
commodity on which the lives of
millions of Brazilian, COlombians
and other Latin Americans depend.
1t all adds up to this: Washing
ton is doing something about mend
ing its fences with its closest oldest
friends and allies. Perhaps we'll
see a new good neighbor policy
emerge from all this.
In any case, neither Washington
nor our latino partners are willing
to let the Soviets gain a foothold
in our hemisphere by default. Bra
I'll certainly isn't. 1t has sent its
top coffee expert, DR.. Paulo Guzzo,
president of the Brazilian Coffee
Institute and its representative on
the Board of Directors of the
newly-formed international Coffee
Organization, to take part in the
Washington coffee talks. DR.. Guz-
EOS presence is the best evidence
possible of the importance that
Brazil attaches to the talks.
And Brazil is taking other stops
in the political sphere. Its Presi-
dent, Juscelino Kubitschek himself
has urged President Eisenhower by
letter to take positive steps toward
strengthening nter-American ties
The timing and significance of Pre-
sident K~ubitschek's letter has not
been lost on Ike. He has sent his
top inter-American advisor, Assis,
tant Secretary of State for Inter
American Affairs, Roy R. Rubot-
tom, TO Rio with his reply.
Thus, there is activity and good
will on both sides.
1t justifies the hope that the
western hemisphere may yet be
saved for the free world.
But if these efforts on the OF
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
cUbon BataIIion
Surrender Near

SANTIAGO, Cuba. CUPID. - In.
formed sources said today that a
600-man government 'lost battaI-
ion" cut off by the rebels more
than a week ago may be near
surrender.
Private sources said a mechan-
lied battalion which has been
trying to rescue the troops cut
off south Of Estrada Palma lost
80 men in its initial clash with the
rebels. 1t was said to be regroup-
ing for a new attack.
The rebel radio, for the sixth
consecutive day, warned the en-.
trapped men today that they must
surrender or die. The insurgent
broadcast said at least "a of the
encircled men have been killed,
ITO wounded and $40 captured.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
HEMISPHERE EVENTS
miss Universe"
Visits New York

NEW YORK, August 8 CUPID -
Miss Luz Marina Zuloaga, the Co.
lombian beauty who captured the
1858 Miss Universe" prize for
Latin America, arrived last night
in New York from California.
Miss Universe" who will remain
for several days in New York,
arrived accompanied by her
mother, Mrs. Margarita de Zuloaga,
and her agent, Mario Barriga.
Several ceremonies are being
prepared in New York for the
young lady from Manizales, who
was recently selected in Long
Beach, California, as the most
beautiful girl in the world.
The details of the program are
not known, but it is known that
the Colombian delegation to the
United Nations, headed by Ambas-
sador Alfonso Araujo, will give
her a reception in the head
quarters of this world organiza-
ton.
Miss Universe" was met at the
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
Agreement Expected Soon About
Construction Of Rio Grande Dam

LAREDO, Texas. (UPI). - A
compromise agreement between
lower Rio Grande Valley and up
river water interests which will
clear the way for construction of
projected Diablo Dam, was expect
ed here to receive final approval
at 8. meeting of valley interests to
be held Aug. IL.
Frank Y. Hill, chairman of the
Diablo Dam Committee at Laredo,
explained that his committee, toge-
Their with representatives of Eagle
Pass and del Rio, had held confer
ences over a period of several
months with Lower Valley repre-
sentatives.
This next international dam is
to be built a short distance above
del Rio, Tex, and Ciudad Acuna,
Coahuila.
"We are very much gratified at
the progress made in the Diablo
Dam program, as evidenced by the
fact that U. S. boundary comis.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10

sioner Col. L. H. Hewitt has now
requested the State Board of water
engineers to proceed with hearings
on Hewitt,s preliminary report on
the feasibility of the project, Hill
said.
Col. Hewitt's feasibility report
will be submitted to the U. S. Con-
gress later.
"The request for State Water
Board hearing was based on the as
sumption that differences between
the Lower Valley and the water
interests above Falcon Dam have
been resolved, Hill continued.
at is sincerely hoped that a
united front may be presented in
support of the commissioners pre-
liminary report.
The conferences between valley
and upriver users dealt with legal
and engineering problems concern
ing control and distribution of wa
ter to be impounded in the Diablo
reservoir.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
RAILROAD WORKERS END
STRIKE IN MEXICO

MEXICO CITY (~UPI)-Mexico's
nationalized railway system swung
back toward normal today following
settlement of a wildcat strike which
had paralyzed rail service for five
days.
Demetrio Vallejo, leader of a
dissident union faction, called off
the unauthorized strike after the
leadership of the railway union
agreed to hold elections for a new
executive committee within two
weeks.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
Brazil Gets Substantial
as Dulles Discusses
Problems With Latin Enyovs
DYNAMIC EFFORT
LATIN AMERICAN

WASHINGTON, August 9. CUPID
- The Export-Import Bank and
IL U. S. private banks announced
a $158, 900 900 loan to Brazil to
compensate for the drop of the
coffee profits of that country.
The U. S. banks participating in
the loan, according to the Export.
Import Bank, are the following:
Bank of America N. T. and S. A;
Bankers Trust Company; The
Chase Manhattan Bank; Chemical
Corn Exchange Bank; The First
National Bank of New York; Qua
ranty Trust Company of New York;
The Hanover Bank; Manufacturers
Trust Company; The New York
Trust Company; the Philadelphia
National Bank; and the H. Henry
Schroeder Banking Corporation.
The reduction of coffee exports
has provoked one of the most seri-
Gus economic crisis since World
War II in Brazil and other Latin
American countries, altering their
payment balances.
The U. S., upon recognizing the
magnitude of the problem, has de-
cided to grant a series of loans
for sterilization, through the Ex-
port-Import Bank, although the
main purpose of this organization
is to extend credits for major in
naturalization.
The Secretary of State, John Fos-
ter Dulles, announced last April
the decision to grant loans to the
Latin American republics which
have been so seriously affected by
the drop in prices of their most
important products.
Such an announcement reflected
the growing uneasyness of the ad-
ministration regarding the rela.
tons with Latin America even
before Vice-President Richard M.
Nixon made his trip to Latin Amer.
lea, a trip which provoked hostile
demonstrations.
The participation of the New
York banks in these loans re-
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
New Air Service
Chile to Miumi

SANTIAGO tUPI)-The Chilean
National Airline announced that
on the goth of this month it will
inaugurate its regular services to
Miami and the increase in its
flights to Buenos Aires, Lima, and
M~ontevideo.
The routes will be served by
new Douglas DC-6-R's.
The planes will leave Santiago
on Wednesdays and Saturdays and
arrive in Miami on Thursday and
Sundays, in order to return the
same days to the Chilean capital,
where they will continue on to
Buenos Aires and Montevideo.
The flights to Lima and Mon
tevideo will be increased to four a
week, and six to Buenos Aires.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
GUEST EDITORIAL
FRIENDLY BRAZIL is ON OUR SIDE

BRAZIL was a solid sounding board for Secretary of
State Dulles remarks on eur role in a world of ferment - in
ferment particularly to the south of us. He said In Rio de
JaneirO at the end of a threeday visit:
can assure you that the United States is determined
to play its full part in the great international tasks that lie
ahead of us. That is the national, bipartisan resolve of our
people.
The ferment in Latin America is economic as well as
political. The yeast is poverty, a grinding poverty that
1923 annually.
Brazil is deserving of a front and center position on the
stage where the United States would play its full part"
This good friend stood beside us in two great wars. 1t Is our
partner in the Rio Treaty and the military assistance pact
of 1852. 1t was the first to win our trust in a program of
nuclear development. ..-
The United States has few better friends anywhere ON
the face of an angry globe. rs. ~.
~# Reprinted from "The Miami Herald")
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10

An hour before the documents
were signed for the Brazilian loan,
Dulles met with the diplomatic
ENJOYS of 20 Latin American coun.
tries to inform them about his con.
versations with President Juscelino
Kubitschek, conversations which
he called positive and creative.
In these talks, Dulles agreed that
the Community of the Americas
needs "a dynamic force in order
to overcome the problems of un-
derdevelopment".
According to the diplomats who
attended the meeting, Dulles in
Dictated that the Brazilian govern
ment will consult with other Re-
publicS before officially proposing
the organization which will prepa-
re the ground for a meeting of the
top level officials to discuss Inter
American problems.
He also suggested that Brazil
plans to speak with officials of the
Organization of American States,
(OAS), in order to coordinate the
next forward step.
President Kubitschek also pro.
posed to elaborate on long-term
economic plans. This task would
be carried out by a committee made
up of the heads of all the Latin
American diplomatic missions in
Washington, d to the
White House as well as to GAS.
If the outcome of such converse.
tons justify it, Kubitschek favors
that such outcomes by approved in
a Chiefs of State meeting.
1t was also reported that Dulles
indicated that the possibility exists
that a Conference of Presidents
may be held, if it can be very care
fully prepared beforehand.
Diario las Américas., 1958-08-10
S. Recession
Brings Trouble
TO Hemisphere

WASHINGTON CUPID = The
quarterly reports sent to the US.
Commerce Department by the diff
ferent Latin American countries
and Canada indicate that the eco
nomic recession is causing serious
troubles, but that hope for better
ment is expressed for the end
of the year.
The problems of payment ba-
%lances, initiation, and worry over
the coffee situation are the main
concern in many countries.