davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

Very often one hears that press freedom is a right of
neWspapermen, which is true, but they say it as if it were
only their right, and not the fundamental right of all of
the people.
The people have an even greater interest than. the
newspapers themselves in the effectiveness of freedom
OF the press. The people, as a reason to be of the State,
need that freedom both for OrientatiOn and to be well
informed.
When the people have no free and independent press
at their disposal, it is very difficult to make all their
aspirations known to those in the Government, and in
cases where they exist, their complaints and condemnation.
Freedom of the press is essential for the existence Of
For that reason, to defend the right of free expression
of thought in responsible newspapers is a duty of every
citizen who is conscious of his obligations.
On the other hand, the press must dignity with its
decOrOuS conduct and good judgment the concept OF de-
mOcracy, surrounding with prestige the moral values OF
freedom, making use of it within the nOrmS of respect to
which every citizen is entitled, as is society in general.
The press which accOmpliSheS its high mission OF
OrientatiOn and information is fulfilling an indispensable
task i'm social, cultural, political and economic life OF every
civilized Nation. Serene and objective press, the kind OF
press that is concerned with all matters affecting the inte-
rests of the community, the one that encourages culture
and progress in the country and contributes to the creation
of bonds of a people with the others, constitutes a good
reason for national pride. There are cities and countries
that some times are better known for the quality OF their
newspapers than for any other reason.
Because of everything that freedom OF the press re-
presents, one of the most important tasks of the Inter
American Press Association is to watch and protect that
liberty, with which this institution has consolidated its
prestige in the conscience of the people OF America. In
that sense. the Inter American Press Association cOntri-
butes, as a factor of marked importance, to what could
be called Inter AmericanizatiOn OF democracy.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Arequipa Under State of
Siege After 2 Are Killed,
Eleven Injured in Riots
1PerUvioun Government Announces End
Of Red Inspired Civil Guard Strike

LIMA, Feb. 4 (UP)-Troops and
army tanks r or guard in the
streets of Arequipa, while debris
from barbados is being cleared
after last nights street fights in
which two persons were killed and
at least eleven injured in that
Southern Peruvian city. The Army
placed tanks in all corners, and
troops on the roofs of many houses.
Last night disturbances were the
result of a Civil Guard, strike,
which ended last night after the
riots. The Government has declared
the city under state of siege.
Four labor leaders were arrested
in Arequipa. They are: Bernardo
Linares Fajardo, Secretary of the
Workers Federation; Julio Torres,
leaders of Civil Construction Wor-
kerS Union; Manuel Ampuero,
Typographical Union; and Telesfo-
70 Salas Neves, its Secretary.
None of the arrested union
leaders is connected with the
striking police, but it is known
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

to reduce market risks for the
operators and spectators and
encourage monopoly. The Cuban
Government is aware of the situa-
ton, the paper adds, because it
knows that he Sugar Act esta-
blisehd in 1884 was the country's
economic salvation. They want
nothing to happen to h a n 6 e
things.
If action is warranted it won't
be the first time that the Sherman
Antitrust Act has been applied,
the story continues in the case of
sugar. 1t recalls this Government
took action once before in the
early part of the century against
a developing monopoly in the US.
sugar refining industry.
"a Cuban citizen, of course,
would not be subject to the laws
of the US, but since the basis
policy and philosophy of the us.
is so positively against private
cartelS and monopolieS within this
country, the impression is that the
legislators would resent use of the
Sugar Act, their own creation, for
the advantage of Cuban interests.
Cuba doesn't have anti-mono-
poly laws which provide an ideal
climate for an operator to work
in and do things not possible for
a us. citizen.
However, the Journal of Com
merce says that the Secretary of
Agriculture has broad powers
under the act "and it is believed
in sugar circles that the Govern
ment will not take kindly to any
one moving in on their operation
taking away from them any of
the prerogatives and authority
granted by Congress or attempting
to use the machinery of Govern
ment in any important way to
their private and personal advan-
tage".
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
HEMISPHERE EVENTS
Latin American News in Brief

prisonment on each Of the two
counts.
Those indirected are:
Cesar Augusta Vega Peletrino,
Guillermo LYeopoldo Gonzalez, Ar
mando Sanchez Penalver, Dionisio
Aurelio Esteban, Julio Herminio
Oropesa, Alfredo Garcia Guerra,
Rolando H. de la Tore, Israel
Crespo Juviel, Juan Call Nemes,
Humberto Nunez Webster, Ricardo
Costa Quinones, Raul Jaime Diaz
Argielles, Julio Salvador Garcia,
Nelson Sanchez Caballero, Osvaldo
Martinez Ramirez, Flavio Sanchez
Gonzalez, Bernardo Paradela Yba-
rreche, Jesus Faundino Perbono,
Marco Tulio Beroff Perez, Fernan-
do Cortina Moreno, Fernando Gar
cia Bertrand, Francisco Jose Mar
tinez, Francisco Dominguez Robai.
mes, Ariel Ajo Beransing, Juan Ale
jandro MILAN, Francisco Varona
Alfonso, Ambrosio Diaz Rodriguez,
Gilberto /. Visbal, Indalecio Anto-
MO Esteban y Hector Duarte Her
nandeZ.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Echandi Heading for
Certain Victory

SAN JUAN, Costa RIGA (UP)-
Conservative Mario Echandi APP
peared headed for certain victory
today in a presidential election
which saw Costa Ricans turn their
back on the trend toward a welfare
state.
With less than 10000 ballots
remaining to be counted from
Sundays voting, Echandi held a
6,574 vote lead over the administra.
tion-backed candidate Francisco
Orlich. The official Elections Tri-
bunal announced a count of 80. $50
votes for Echandi, 90, 676 for Orlich
and 22,453 for the third candidate.
Jorge Rossi.
Echandi consistently he'd a 5000
5000 vote lead over Orlich from
the start of the counting,
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
'U.S.A. May Investigate
Sugar Monopoly in the
Caribbean Zone by Cuban

NEW YORK, Feb. 4. -(UP).-
The Journal of Commerce predicts
that when the Sugar Act comes
up for renewal in 1859 Congress
may have to determine whether
there is a monopoly in the Carib-
bean area.
"One Cuban operator, it is esti-
mated, has gained control of SO
percent of the Caribbean raw sup
ply and a very substantial part of
the Philippine crop. Raw sugar
makes the market for all sugar
raw and refined, cane and beet
and a handful of operators control
the bulk of these supplies in the
Caribbean area.
The Journal of Commerce points
out that the sugar act by balanc-
ing supply and demand has tended
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

that their unions, in particular
that of the builders, have leftist
elements.
In Arequipa, the construction and
truck drivers unions declared a
strike until the leaders are releas-
ed.
The Mayor of Arequipa, Jose
Garcia Calderon, had a meeting
with the Project and Commander
General, and obtained a promise
OF the release of the prisoners.
The Chamber of Deputies in its
meeting of last night, which lasted
until early today, approved the
measures taken by the Government
to maintain order in the police
force.
The Senate approved the decree
issued by the Executive suspending
guarantees and the Chamber of
Deputies rejected by a great ma
Jority a proposition by Deputy Saa-
vedra Doses calling for the de-
rogation of guarantees suspension.
In last night order the Govern
ment disclosed there is some COM
muniSt infiltration in the Civil
Guard (which is evident for the
nature and extension of the move
ment, as for having originated in
Cuzco and Andahuaylas, where the
propaganda is of serious proper
lions.
The official order reads that the
SO called police strike constitutes
INSTRUMENTATION provided in the
code of Military Justice (which
dispositions will be vigorously
applied.
1t adds that the only reason why
the desired improvement of the eco
nomic conditions of the Institution
has not been attained so far sis
due to the small amounts of the
country's budgets. It saws tha
Executive has senta bill to Con
gress for the creation of the "Spe.
clal Fund of Income for the Po-
lice".
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

dlers, who answered the fire. Kill.
ing four persons. According to
an official dominique, the popula-
ton gathered and began a great
disturbance, resulting in a clash
with the armed forces, which were
then withdrawn from the town.
They were attacked again in the
highway.
The newspaper Gel Siglo", own.
ed by Gomez, affirmS that the dead
were ten and announces that fit.
teen persons more died during at
tacks by armed bands to regions
In Tolima Department, besides five
more who were beheaded in Sc.
villa, Vale Department.
Gomez, who signed the pacts
with ex-President Alberto Lleras
Camargo, head of the Liberal
Party, maintains that the victims
were all conservatives and crit.
clseS the liberal press and the lea
ders of that party. Referring to
events of last week in Tolima. in
particular Ibague, city paralized
by a civic movement of protest
against violence, he said they were
OF political character and "the Lii
beral Party tried to take advantage
of them.
In another part of his state.
ments, Gomez asks that the pacts
be respected, but said that all
those killed belonged to his party
and that when claims are made,
there is a threat of breaking up
the pacts".
The pacts signed by the two par
ties call for equal representation
OF both in the Congress and in
the Government which are to be
elected this year. Gomez says that
this bipartisan representation
SHOULD not be applied to the Arm
ed Forces.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Reds Have Won
First Victory
in Hemisphere
Ex Senator Says.

BUENOS AIRES, Feb. 4. (UP).
The Soviet Union has scored her
first victory in the economic race
with the United States for Latin
America, U. S. ex-senator John
Hastings declares in a telegram
to Senator Homer E. Capehart.
"For Gods and for Americas
sake he says l beSeech you
to do something. Tomorrow may
be too late".
Hastings said that the COM
mercial agreement signed by Ar
gentina with Russia last week
prompted him to send this tele-
gram, as well as the display of
the Soviet flag in the exposition
of oil wells of the Argentina in
her fiftieth anniversary, in which
fair, as expressed by the American
ex-legislator, United States didn't
wish to participate.
"More than a million persons
have attended the exposition so
far, the cable reads, and everybody
has been profoundly impressed, as
l was, with the excellent exhibit
ton of Russia.
Hastings declared to the United
Press the Russian commercial
and economic invasion" of Latin
America is the result of the failure
of the Inter-American conference
celebrated in Buenos Aires last
August and September.
The ex-senator who attended to
the conference, said "thiS was a
deplorable failure because the de-
legation of the United States aban-
doned its own program and chang
ed it for a declaration of economic
principles.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Study on Latin American
Market Begins In Chile

SANTIAGO, Feb. 4. -(UP).-
Brasilian Jose Garrido Tore, one
of the seven experts invited by
Economic Commission for Latin
America (ECLA) with the purpose
to direct the studies to create a
common Latin American market,
declared today that besides the
internal desire of the Latin Ame-
rican countries, the external events
of the zone will bring them to
that solution.
Deliberations from the experts
begin today in the seat of ECLA,
organism by which they were sum-
moned according to a resolution
of the committee that adjourned
two years ago.
Garrido Torres, one of the youn-
gest economists of the continent
attending the meetings in a per
sonal capacity as his colleagues,
expressed some ideas in an in.
terview with United Press, af.
firming that the United States and
Latin America will be mutually
benefited with the creation of a
common market in Latin America.
GUS. investors he said may
devote their capital not only to
plans in one country, but to EN-,
brace a more ample market. The
position of United States al leader,
d.-ectly or indirectly, will be de-
cisive for the success of this idea.
Garrido Tore, who is President
of the National Council of Eco
nomy of Brazil, in his personal
capacity, pointed out that Difficult
ties to create the regional market
r important. He suggested that
at the meetings formulas, and ba-
sic principles must be brought out
and suggestions to ECLA'S Secre-
tary to facilitate the necessary
technical works to help the ex-
perts issue a final report contain
ing recommendations on general
policies, to be submitted to their
governments. They will submit
their viewpoints, and those of
other international organizations
will be taken into consideration,
as we'll as the conclusions approx
ed at the Buenos Aires Economic
Conference.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

To Me-" international Brother
hood is a non-governmental good
will organization Other essay con-
test winners came from Whana,
Denmark and Burma.o
NY. COUPLE MURDERERS
LOSE MEXICAN APPEAL
MEXICO CITY (UP)- Two con-
fessed murderers of a wealthy New
York couple, serving a 38 IL year
sentence, have lost their bid to
have their sentences reduced and
instead will have to serve the max
imum 40 years for first-degree
murder.
Luis Fenton, 33-year-old Ameri.
can-born travel agent, and his &C.
complete Daniel Ruiz Osuna, 35,
were sentenced by an Acapulco
Court to 80 IL years for the Stay.
ing last February of Mrs. Edith
Hallock, SO. Of Brooklyn, and 10.
seph Michel, 10 of New York City,
The two murderers confessed
killing the American tourists with
a baseball bat aboard a motor
launch and throwing their bodies
into Acapulco Bay. The bodies
were never recovered.
Their attorneys asked the First
Circuit Court here to reduce the
sentence of the Acapulco judge
But Government attorneys asked
the Court to impose the maximum
penalty provided by law because
there we're no axtenuating circum
stances in the crime.
The Court complied with the
government request and raised thu
sentence to 40 years.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Meeting in Texas
Of Pan American
Alliance Opens

Ell PASO, Feb. 4 (UP). = Dele
gates from eleven countries of La.
tin America are participating in
the conference of the Pan Anne
rican Alliance in this city.
Raymond Telles, Mayor of Ell
Paso, welcomed the delegates and
praised the work done by the
Alliance in favor of unity and
harmony in the Western Hemis-
phere.
"We m in a period of confusion
and uncertainty, in which the germ
OF communism wants to DESTROY
the foundations of u democratic
institutions, Telles remarked, ad-
ding that the Pan American phi.
losophy of the human rights in
the best defense against comu-
niSm.".
Rene Mascarenas, Mayor of Jua-
rez, who spoke both in English
and Spanish, declared there is
nothing to fear between the two
neighboring cities, due to the
great work done by the Alliance.
Mrs. Wicliffe R. Curtis, Director
OF the Alliance Chapter at Ell Paso
declared that mutual desire for
peace and comprehension is what
unites the American republics.
Delegates from Brazil, Colon
bia, Peru, Mexico, Costa RIGA,
Honduras, Ell Salvador, Guatema-
la, Bolivia, Nicaragua and United
States, are participating in the
conference.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Colombian Conservative Leader Sees
Very Serious" Political Situation

BOGoTA, Feb. -(UP).- Ex-
President Laureano Gomez, undis-
puted leader of strong groups
within the Conservative Party, de-
clared that the pacts signed by
the two parties shave been inef-
fective" and called livery serious
the situation the country is fac
ing now, because violence has in
creased.
In the first statements he has
made after several occurrences in
which dozens of farm workers
have been killed, Gomez attributes
the division within his party to
ineffectiveness of the bipartisan
pacts, and blamed that division
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
FIVE DROWNED
NEAR BOGOTA

BOGOTA, Feb. 4 -(UP).- AT
least five persons were drowned
by the overflow Of a river near
the town of Alban, about 40 miles
from this city, and it is feared
that the number of victims will
be much greater.
The river overflow took place
after torrential rains, which caus-
ed a landslide which blocked the
highways. The waters destroyed
many es and flooded the
church of the town, carrying away
many of the images.
It Is believed that the victims
are at least fifty, including those
injured.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

on the group opposing him, which
supports the nomination of Gui-
llermo Leon Valencia for Presi-
dent.
Gomez statements were made
after four persons were killed in
a clash with armed forces in the
town of La Marina, Vale Depart
ment. The clash took place dur
ing a public demonstration by con-
s~ervative supporters of Gomez,
when the officer commanding an
Army patrol tried to take a weapon
from a shouting civilian.
The civilian, who really was a
policeman, fired against the sol.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05

taken by the United Nations in
1948, the GAS had already is
sued in Bogota its own declaration
on those rights.
John Dreir, United States Am
bassador, declared that his dele
cations was willing to participate
in the program of the United
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
US. LEADS IN Ell SALVADOR
RADIO.TV MARKET

WASHINGTON Imports of
television rceivers into Ell Saliva
dor in the frs half of 1857 vert
valued at 426,09 colonies, of which
the United States supplied SO per
cent and the Netherlands II per
cent.
The nited States also was the
leading source of radio imports
during that period Of the total
valued at All, 055 colonies, 81. per
cent Was imported from the Unit
ed States as compared with 81 per
cent from Germany, IL per cent
from the United Kingdom, and 6
per cent from all other countries.
The potential import market
for radio and television receivers
in Ell Salvador is large but will de.
pend to a degree upon continued
improvement in purchasing pow.
er of the average consumer.
Currently, there is only one te-
Lewiston station in operation in
the country. Another one is under
construction and is expected to be.
gin operations before the end Of
! the year.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
5. {. {. Warns Against Buying
Shares Of Cuban Oil Firm

WASHINGTON, Feb. A (UP)-
The Securities and Exchange Com.
mission said today that post offices
of the United States have been
instructed to reject all mail ad.
dressed to the representatives of a
fraudulent" Cuban Oil Company.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
Latin American Finance
and Trade News Reports

The S. E. C. declared that the
Post Office Department of the
United States issued an "order
about some foreign fraud" in which
many persons and Companies of
Havana are mentioned. 1t added
that all mail addressed to them
must be stamped Fraudulent" and
returned to senders.
The Companies named are Anglo
American Investment Corporation,
Latin American Exploration Com
pany, International ANALYSTS, In
ternational Analyst Corporation,
and P. Capin and Gladstone Nc
earthly. All have mail address of
Havana.
S. E. C. declared all are Joined
in the distribution of shares of the
Latin American Exploration Com
pany. 1t further declared that it
had formerly issued a warning to
the effect that the shares were
illegally distributed and furnished
the information on which the Post
Office Department based its order.
The S. E. c. declared that a
great number of United States
residents have received letters, pro
paganda and long distance tele,
phone calls, offering the shares,
and that the efforts for sale eSta.
bliShed as series of information
about the property of the Company,
the almost" certainty of oil disco.
very and the possibility of an in.
crease in the value of the shares.
S. E. c. declared the data sis
false and lacks backing" and is
made with the only purpose to
induce possible victims to in.
vest in a fraudulent natter.
Diario las Américas., 1958-02-05
MEXICAN SECRETARY
WINS WORLD CONTEST

MONTERREY. Mexico (UP)-
Miss Rosa Maria de la Cara, Sc
cretary and student at the Next
an-North-Amerjcan Institute Of
Cultural Relations here, was mott
fled she had won a two-week trip
to the United States in an essay
contest sponsored by "Internation-
al Brotherhood"
Theme of the contest was what
International Brotherhood Means
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-10
WAYS TOPAZ AT WOODIES

Regular 3Oda Charge Account with which you given
Shopping Pote speed purchases eliminate the need
for corryine Gosh
CHA Continuous Budget Account. plan which permits
buy 10 much your ooreed monthly
poynent You determine your credit limit
Convenient Deferred Payment Plan for purchases
plan you use though you nnoy have regular
budget with On purchases of $500 more.
1920 down. IS 90 minimum boIonce in bud9eted
monthly instornents a. 8. y IS or ! months
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-10
SAVE 1900 THE DOZEN
ON WAMSUTTA
SUPERCALE SHEETS

At history mokino savings, put these suPerby
soft. light sheets on your linen shelves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-17
Missiles Engineer Kills Self
In Home in Silver Spring

I A Silver Spring engineer, who
had been working on a classi-
fed project under the missiles
program. yesterday shot and
killed himself In the basement
of his home. Montgomery
County police reported.
The dead man was John
Carvel Paine, IS, Of l70l Dem
mis- avenue.
/ The death was ruled a sui
eide by DR.. Frank J. Brosch-
art, county medical examiner
Mr.. Paine was a senior en-
gineer at the Johns Hopkins
Applied Physics Laboratory IN
Howard County. A spokesman
at the laboratory said he had
been there for IL years and
was highly regarded"
The spokesman said Mr..
Paine came 10 work yesterday
but left about noon. saying he
was not feeling well.
Police said he went home
and his wife left the house
about I pm. His body was
found about an hour later by
William Z. Rush, q son-in-law.
who had come TO the house to
borrow tools. n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-17
BY FRANCIS p. DOUGLAS
star star Writar

Thefts by employees Of Ameri.
can business. the rank and file.
eupervisors--and executives
win total 81 billion this year.
according 70 an expert whose
business Is to fight such footing.
Norman Jaspan. president Of
Investigation. Inc. quoted In
surance statistics indicating
that employees are stealing
about 81 million in cash and in
materials each working day.
He added that this figure does
not include losses such as come
from excessive overtime. delib-
crate damaging Of merchan-
disc and the like.
mo one-employers. bonding
companies. or the police-knows
how much theft remains un-
detected. covered by falsified
records" he said.
Addresses Wholesalers
Mr.. Jaspan addressed the In
stitutional Wholesale Grocers
Association at the Shoreham
Hotel. The association includes
companies which sell to hotels,
hospitals, industrial cafeterias
and schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-17
-Four Airmen
as Auto.
Strikes Pole

Four Andrews Air Force Base
airmen were injured In an
automobile accident today
when their car struck a pole
Just OF the Marlboro pike, east
Of Dover House road.
The accident temporarily
shut OF the electricity in the
Marlboro and Forestville areas
and police were forced to de-
tour traffic around high tension
wires knocked down In the ac-
cident.
The power shut on caused
some telephones In the Marl-
boro area to ring for about
an hour. At the Upper Marl-
boro police station, no calls
could be placed or received be-
cause Of the ringing.
The injured. hospitalized at
Boiling Air Force Base Hos
pital. were:
Altman go Marion c. SILVER,
10; Airman 2/c Earl D. Cold
iron. jr.. al. and Airman 2fc
Ronald @. Malshary, 20.
Hospitalized ct Andrews was
Altman 2ic Jerrold King. az.
He was identified as the driver
Of the car.