davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Adak sun., 1958-03-10
ADAK SUN
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES

= !55;=l
 If you itemize deductions on page two of Form lO4O, you can deduct losses of your personal property resulting from a fire, storm, flood, automobile accident, hurricane, or other similar event. You can also deduct losses of money or other :personal property due to theft in the -- "year of discovery, but you may not deduct :losses due to losing or mislaying artic- lies.
 deductible casualty loss can result from complete or partial destruction of property but generally speaking, must result from an identifiable event of a sudden, unexpected, unusual nature. . Damage to your own car resulting from "a collision or accident be deducted :only if not due to your Willful negli- "gence or Willful act.
 You cannot deduct amounts you pay for damage to the owner of another car with (which you may have collided.
 On personal, nonbusiness property, the amount of loss to be abducted is the difference between the value of the :property just before the casulty and the value just after.
 The deductible loss can be no more than the cost of the property and must Joe reduced by any insurance other compensation received. You may not de- .uct the cost of repairing, replacing ~cleaning up after thecesualty.
 However, if the repairs do no more than restore the property to it's condi- tion immediately before the casualty, and do not add to it's value, utility, or useful like, such repair costs may be used as a measure of the decrease in value.
 You should attach a statement to your return giving the details any deduc- ;tion taken for casualty or theft loss.
 Some of the loss items for which you :cannot claim deduction ara:
 Personal injury to yourself
The Adak sun., 1958-03-10

] w SUN Monday 10, March 1958
 Damage due to rust or gradual erosion.
 Animals or plants damaged or destro- yed by disease.
 Property lost in storage or in tran sit. (AFFS).
 Four out of every ten American sold- iers are overseas in some 75 nations and other locations of the free Wor1d. -- A SERIOUS BUSINESS
 Anyone who pooh-poohs the importan5e of safety procedures might consider what happened recently after a jet fighter- ran into trouble 70, 900. feet up on a routine flight.
 The plane suddenly became hard to con- trol. The ailerons didn 1t respond pro- perly.
 The pilot brought the plane down. safely, and an on-the-spot inspection- was held. The plane had just been thro- ugh IRAN (inspect and repair as nec- essary) line, but under the floorboard were several screws, washers, light bulbs and pencil. One washer appeared to have been stuck in the aileron controls.
 TWenty-three other planes were immed- lately grounded and inspected. In nine of the planes, inspectors found items ranging from washers to a box-end wrench In one plane, the seat ejection initiator Wasn It connected.
 Just little things, it might be said. but man killed by a little thing isn 1t any less dead.- (AFfS)
The Adak sun., 1958-03-10

Rhymes. of the Times Receipt for suicide: To one Slick roaa. Add one fast ridee
The Adak sun., 1958-03-10


 ..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12

and II no objections are raised
within three months after noti-
fication. These exceptions include:
. Export carteis not affecting the
domestic market.
. Agreements on uniform appli-
cations Of standards. terms Of
trade. deliveries and payments. in
Guiding discounts. but not prices.
. Rebate cartels.
. Resale price maintenance on
brand name goods (as under the
Fair Trade Laws Of the United
States).
A special Federal Cartel Au-
thority administers the law. 1t may
inspect company records and inn
pose fines UP to 100000 German
marks (about $23.800l. 1t also has
the power to approve cartels not
exempted above. usually for pc
RODS not In excess OF three years,
II certain conditions are fulfilled.
1t may. for instance. per-
init import cartels. II the buyers
face suppliers who are cartelized:
anticrisis cartels. designed TO over
come structural crises. and agree
ments on naturalization Of pro-
duction (automationl.
An Escape cIouse.' Too
In addition. q general flexible
escape clause" is built into the
law (which was not in Mr..
Erhardt's original draft author
izine the Economics Minister to
approve In individual cases q
cartel II restrictions on COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
WHITES WERE REBUFFED
Story of Virginio's Seating Law
Has an Ironic Reverse Twist

would have to take his chances as
to seat mates. the college said.
There was q furry Of irritation
and alarm over the small hole In
Virginia's segregation dixie, and
Delegate q. Alvin Massenbure. Of
Hampton. took steps. He intro
duced the seating bill at the 1926
Assembly session. He was acting,
according to the newspapers Of
the day, ct the urging Of the
Hampton Anglo Saxon Club.
Hearings on the bill drew dis
tinguished citizens on both sides
and the Virginia press was d.
vided on the issue. Strong support
for the legislation came from the
Richmond imes-Dispatch, which
had this to say in an editorial:
%. The personal feelings or
the personal convenience Of white
citizens who may attend public
entertainments in Ogden Hall. at
the Hampton Institute. are not
factor. :. However. the refusal
TO provide separate seats. in keep
ing with Virginia customs. is in
terpreted by Hampton citizens as
a part Of a. deliberate program
which has in view the wiping out
Of the color line"
Equally firm in opposition was
the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot. which.
using reasoning employed on ac-
casion by segregationists. pointed
out that those who objected TO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12

S. years since the Reclamation
Act became law In 1909. The Rus
SLAMS brought 1915 million acres
under irrigation In those five
years. compared TO the TT million
acres reclaimed in this country
since 1909.
o The Soviet Union has started
a major Swear project In Central
Asia to irrigate TAI 900 acres along
Hungry Steppe" and increase ma
tional cotton acreage by II per
cent. This is only an incident"
in Soviet irrigation. affecting only
one crop. But the entire United
States Bureau Of Reclamation
program for irrigation of many
crops in II Western States Is
scheduled to expand by only $780,
TOO acres by June 50.
Mr.. Straus' report does not 60
into what the United States should
do Inherently. But his statistics
indicate that staying ahead may
eventually become impossible. even
II il is desirable.
The hydropower potential Of
the Soviet Union is estimated at
about $500 billion kilowatt hours
per year. 7.6 times the United
States potential
II should be pointed out also
that irrigation acreage Is not the
sole Indicator Of agricultural prog
ress. II It were, the Soviet Un-
ions 20 million acres compared
TO the United States ~ million
would have more significance.
And midas IS million acres I'M
der irrigation would dwarf both.
Chino Pushes ForwoFd
China, too. Is moving smartly
into the river development field.
In hydropower, however. the
Straus report notes that "the
United States Is 50 far ahead that
nobody emissions any future day
when China might overtake the
United States in total power pro-
duction. Even the most visionary
Chinese Spokesman don't even
speculate as TO such q distant
event"
Where Red China Is impressive
Is in the remarkable speed which
she has attained in constructing
her river installations. Mr..
Straus provides this comparison
between the largest United States
canal. the All American Canal In
Southern California and the North
Kiansu works. Both are intended
primarily for irrigation.
The California canal Is 30 miles
long. compared to the xiangsu's
log miles. The California canals
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12

the seating arrangement had the
option Of staying home.
However. the General Assem-
bly, thought otherwise. and House
Bill 80 became law.
The law requires racially sep-
arate seating ct any public hall.
theater, opera house, motion-pic-
tufe show or any place Of public
entertainment or public Assem-.
blage."
The Arlington Cose
The current Arlington test case
comes under the public assem-
blage" category. A Negro woman,
Mrs. Marjorie Y. Taylor. was ar
rested last year for violation OF
the law at q political debate in
Arlington's Swanson Junior High
School.
Defense Attorney David Carliner
plans to attack the statute un-
der the Fourteenth Amendments
due process and equal protection
clauses, and under the Virginia
constitutions guarantee that all
men by nature are equally free.
The Taylor case Is the second
attempt to nullify the law. Last
year the Virginia Supreme Court
Of Appeals threw out the test case
brought by an Arlington white
woman arrested In 1855. be-
cause the warrant failed to speci-
fy her race.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12

petition are considered to be
overwhelmingly in the national
interest.
Mergers are not prohibited
under the new law. But mergers
resulting in combinations holding
20 per cent or more Of the market
must be reported TO the author
tiles. and the la provides for
intervention in case Of abuse Of
economic power.
Both the partiSans Of Mr.. Err
hards prohibition principle and
the supporters of the abuse prin-
ciple have voiced their discon-
tent with the law. The Social
Democrats have promised to make
every effort in the next Bundestag
to have an amendment passed
which will protect consumers even
more.
Mr.. Erhard who described the
law as very little butter on q bis
slice Of bread" has also called 1t,
despite its shortcomings. the most
progressive cartel Law in the
world.
The effectiveness of the law
will depend to q great extent on
how the cartel authorities will
act and how the courts will In
terpret the law. But whatever
happens. 1t is significant that pro-
hibition Of cartels is from now on
anchored in law, and that the
demand for free economic COM
petition has been made an ethical
political demand as part and par
eel Of democratic thinking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE.

When Congress assembled last
week the temper Of Its members
was one Of impatience-impatience
with what many Of them felt was
q dangerously indecisive White
House attitude at a time when.
as Senate Majority Leader johnson
recently described 1t. "our country
Is really In trouble"
Unlike earlier years. when Mr..
Eisenhower's popularity strained
out the harshest congressional
criticism, the mood seemed TO be
almost petulantly aggressive.
The state-of- the Union message,
which drew many bipartisan
plaudits, salved somewhat this
impotence to get on, in Congress
own way, with the business Of
saving America. But more than
a well-written document Of presi-
dental intent would be required
TO divert Congress from an inde-
pendent course set by some basic
political facts.
First. there was the state Of
Mr.. Eisenhower's health. which.
it is widely believed. will so curtail
his activities as to force him to
relinquish some authority.
Then there was the fact that the
Twenty-second Amendment had
made Mr.. Eisenhower. despite his
own opinion to the contrary, .
''lame-duck" President for the re-
mainder Of his term. What there
was left of the Eisenhower coat
tails after 1856 will gradually dis
appear during the next three
years.
Further. many members In
Congress Of both parties feel GER
tain that Mr.. Eisenhower's prestige
has declined sharply since the
first Sputnik was launched on
October 4.
Add to this the fact that Mr..
Eisenhower has not been one to
militantly guard the domain Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12

the executive against congressional
entertainments. and the total 10
certain to be viewed by many
members Of Congress as an open
Invitation TO move into the vac
uum which politics. as well Is
nature, abhors. On the Capitol
Hill side of the picture. Congress
has seldom been in better posi-
ton TO move aggresSively.
The Democratic majority has
able leadership in Senator john
son and House Speaker Sam
Rayburn. Senator johnson. who
probably has no peer in political
savvy. is convinced that now the
best politics is no politics. Nor is
the Speaker inclined to petty
partisanships.
The result, then, can hardly be
a state Of warfare between the
Democratic Congress and the Re-
publican administration. It more
closely win resemble q change in
the command within q reasonably
unified army.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
BY MARGARITA DOBERT
Special Writer for The star

This month q new .law becomes
effective in West Germany which
establishes for the first time in
that country's-and In fact in
Europe's = history the principle
that competition is good and car
tells are bad.
Passed by the West German
Parliament last July. the Law
against Restrictions on COMPETE
ton" stipulates that agreements
between enterprises are not valid
II they affect production or mar
ket condition by restricting COM
petition.
The basic concepts underlying
this new German law are similar
to those Of Americas antitrust
laws and were strongly influenced
by them. but they have grown in
a very different soil.
In the United States. monopolies
we're fought right from the be-
ginning Of industrial expansion in
the 10th century. The Sherman
Antitrust Act Of 1890 clearly in
troduced the principle that trade
should not be restricted.
In Europe. however, monopolies
and cartels-that is. agreements
between independent companies
we're left alone or even en-
couraged. Especially in times Of
economic depression. the idea be-
came generally accepted that
through price fixing and market
sharing. companies should volun-
tarily limit their freedom in re-
turn for security. A famous
decision by the German Reichs-
gericht established in 1879 that
cartels are compatible with the
principle of economic freedom.
Noxis Used Them
BY 1911 there we're about 900
cartels In Germany. In the middle
20s their number had grown to
1000. which In the sos became
ready-made instruments for gov
eminent control under the Nazis.
As soon as the war was over,
the Allies undertook TO break
down oermanys traditional cartel
system and TO decentralIze Ger
man economy. Allied legislation,
based on the potsdam agreement,
began splitting up 0ermany's big
banks and leading coal. steel,
chemical and motion picture COM
panies.
The Vereinigte Stahlwerke. for
instance. once Europe's biggest
steel trust. was split into 10 inde-
pendent enterprises. I. q. Farben.
world.famous chemical trust, into
three large and several smaller
enterprises,
But nothing In the Allied legis-
lation prevented the split-up COM
panies from 6combining, which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
ny EARL II. vOSs
star star writer

Those who have been warning
that the Soviet challenge to
America Is much broader than
generally realized are pointing
now to an almost unnoticed AREA
Of 'stupendous" progress BY Soviet
Russia and Red China: Water re-
sources development.
The situation requires ''im-
mediate attention" Senator James
Z. Murray has warned his Com
mittee on Interior and Insular AZ
fairs. II the United States Is not
to be 'eclipsed" in river Develop
ment 'as It has. in other fields"
Soviet Party Leader Nikita
Khrushchev has forecast that
The Soviet Union can in the next
IS years not only catch UP with
the United States In the produce
ton Of basic items but also OUT
strip it." Hydroelectric power. ir-
rigation, and inland water trans
port are all basic areas In which
the Soviet Union must expand be-
fore it can make good for Khru.
shchev.
The new Senate report finds
the effort Is well under way.
The threat TO the United States
apparently is mostly psychological
In the short range and military
and economic in the longer range.
Spectacular Communist per-
Torrance tends to buttress Red
propaganda claims that the Com
munist system produces the
quickest results. That makes COM
munism more attractive for ex-
port. Later the electricity and ir-
rigated farm land may expand
the Soviet economy enough so
that both her trade and military
potential win be increased
markedly,
The United States now has four
times the electric generating
capacity Of the Soviet Union, but
the Russians are catching Up with
q much higher rate Of expansion,
particularly in hydropower devel-
opment
What is believed to be the first
attempt at comparison Of Soviet.
Red Chinese and American pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
BY SAM EASTMAN
star star WFitsF

There's Q note Of irony In the
history Of Virginia's segregated
seating law. TO be tested tomorrow
In Arlington Circuit Court. The
1925 law. 1t seems, was spanked
not by the efforts Of Negro citi-
Gems 10 sit where they pleased In
public places. but by white segre-
gationists who had been rebufied
at q Negro college.
Until the Virginia General As
sembly passed the Law. whites and
Negroes were segregated at public
gatherings only by tradition. The
change TO q written law came
about this way:
In the fall Of 1925, the privately
endowed Hampton Normal and
Agricultural Institute for Negroes
booked the North Carolina col.
lege's glee club for an evenings
entertainment.
A group Of white citizens de-
cided TO attend and asked the
college. founded after the Civil
War by white philanthropists and
operated by q racially mixed ed
ministration. to provide segre-
gated seats.
Request Refused
The answer was no. Anyone
who wanted to hear the out-of-
State glee club at Ogden Hall
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
Reds Push Ahead
With Development
OF Water Resources

grams Of water resources develop
ment has been made BY Michael
w. Straus, q government admin
istrator Of river development and
resource mobilization under the
Democrats. He Is now Q consuitant
for the Senate Interior Committee
and his report. based on data
from the State and Commerce
Department. the Federal Power
Commission and the Central In
telligence Agency. was turned In
last month.
Some Comparisons
Here are some Of his summary
findings:
. United States electric power
generating capacity Is far and
away the highest In the world.
lS7 megawatts. Russia has
climbed TO second place with -
megawatts; Britain Is third with
~ megawatts.
. But the Soviet Union has in
creased its power-generating ca.
pacity BY lSS per cent compared
TO the United States 81 per cent
expansion in the period l94e TO
1856.
. The Kfemlin Is developing a
vast power transmission system
that win stretch all across Euro.
pean and Asian sectors Of the So
Wet Union. II win operate at
100000 volts. Relatively, there
Is no installation Of this high volt
aee or span in the United States"
. Russia has four hydroelectric
stations either completed or under
construction each of which will
exceed the capacity OF Grand
Coulee. on the Columbia River in
washington State. Grand Cuulee
with It's 2 million kilowatt ca
pacity has long been the largest
hydro plant In the world. Two
Soviet Installations at Hratsk and
krasnoyarSk In Siberia are each
designed for q 81 million kilowatt
capacity. 90 per cent more output
than Grand Coulee.
. The Soviet Union brought more
land under irrigation In one Ave
year period. from 1851 TO 1856,
than the United States has In the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
WEAK, BUT A PRECEDENT
Germany Takes First Step Against CorteIs

is exactly what many Of them did.
Several splinter companies of the
one-time Vereinigte Stahlwerke.
for instance, merged again.
And much Of the Allied decar-
telization happened only on paper.
Names were reShuffled, but pro-
cartel feelings were far from dead.
On May 5. 1855. when the occupa-
ton regime ended. there were said
to be 100 known. and many more
black" or grey" cartels.
E.hord Led the Fight
Ludwig Erhard. West Germany's
Economies Minister and Vice
Chancellor. firmly believes that
unhampered competition holds the
key to prosperity. He has led a
long. bitter fight against cartels.
In 1852 he drafted a law which
prohibited cartels with three ex-
ceptions. The big industrialists
who wanted at best a law TO pre-
vent abuses at once lined up
against him.
The law which. after years Of
bitter hagglne. comes into force
this month. is considerably weaker
than Mr.. Erhard's tough original
draft. It's still a prohibition law.
but it's riddled with exceptions
A few sectors Of the economy
do not come under the laws gen.
eral prohibition Of cartel agree
ments. namely agriculture. bank
ing. insurance and ocean shipping.
Certain types OF cartel agree
ments are permitted II they are
listed with the cartel authorities
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-12
Generals
And Missiles

The military front was active
last week. too. The Presidents
cab on the armed forces in his
address to Congress to end inter-
service disputes and establish a
decisive central military direction
under civilian control was the first
clear indication that Mr.. Eisen-
hover was ranged on the side Of
those critics who have long
charged that the service rivalrieS
were damaging the Nations de-
lenses. particularly the missile
and rocket programs.
Previously. administration
spokesman have minimized the
interservice rivalries. several even
contending that such disputes
increased military efficiency by
sharpening healthy competition.
The Army's Chief Of Research
and Development. 1t. Gen. James
NJ. Gavin, turned q spotlight on
the Pentagon's troubles last week
by requesting retirement.
Gen. Gavin had testified earlier
before the Senate Preparedness
Subcommittee which Is investi-
eating the lag in American mis-
siles programs, and had urged
abolition of the present Joint
Chiefs of Stafi. A new General
Staff, divorced from command
functions and insulated from
service rivalries. was his recon-
mendation. Shortly thereafter,
Senators learned. Gen. Gavin was
told that he would not receive .
planned promotion to four-star
rank.
Army Secretary Brucker moved
quickly to dispel the assumption
that Gen. Gavin was being pun
iShed for his belaboring the poll
cies he said had crippled the
Army's missile development prof.
ects and inhibited research.
Mr.. Brucker publicly offered
Gen. Gavin his four stars. but the
general nevertheless stuck to his
decision to quit. when the point
comes where I cannot obey this
superiorsl or cannot be honest
with myself and with Congress.
I cannot continue in service" Gen.
Gavin declared.
The same day Gen. Gavin an
nounced his decision to quit. the
Pentaeon disc osed that 1t would
ask $22 billion in next years
budget for research and develop
ment-a half billion more than
those provided in the current fls-
cal year.
The investigating Senators heard
another general last Wednesday,
Air Force Gen. Thomas d. White.
Chief of Stan, complained that
the administration had Slashed an
Air Force request for additional
money TO speed ballistic missile
development. and that his pleas
for reconsideration had failed.
Funds in prospect would not be
enough. he said. to speed missile
programs adequately.
On Thursday. when Air Force
Maj. Gen. Bernard Schriever at
tackled President Eisenhowers
plan. announced in the State-of-
the Union address. to concentrate
all anti-missile and satellite TECH
nology IN the Defense Department
in a new Advance Research Prof.
eets Agency. newsmen on Capitol
Hill began talking Of 1.-The revolt
of the generals" Gen Schriever
charged the new agency would
merely duplicate existing Air Force
facilities.
The White House had already
acted to spur the fioundering mis-
siles programs with new money
If not new leadership. On Tues
day, the President asked STAT
billion for missiles and air defense
starting Immediately. OF that
amount. Sl.26 would be new money
in the form Of supplemental APP
preparations to be added to the
current tiscal year.