davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-12-30

del pueblo fogueada en- este fe.
bril- ano 1858 Y por la decision
practicamente unanime de cast
todos los jefes militares de res.
petar las urnas y ST fallo sobe
rano."
Refiriendose a las nuevas au.
toridades que gobernaran SUI
pals dijo: "Creo que Sc va a rea.
liar I'm gobierno de autentica
integracion nacional."
COMISION DE AUxILIO
LA PAZ, (UPI)-Un vocero
del palacio de Gobierno com.
plet6 la information proceden.
tie de Charagua, diciendo que
despues del regreso del Presider
tie de la Republica a La Paz,
Sc dispuso ell envio de una co.
mission t~errestre a la IONA "Gu.
tierrez" llevando where's, medi.
cinas y ropas.
La citada IONA sufrio los des.
prendimientos de tierras de los
cerros proximos.
Los pobladores de Itai ha
cen notar la desaparici6n del
maestro Gerardo Torres y de
todos los miembros de SUI fami.
liza.
Ell presidente de la republics
tambien orden6 que Sc haga ,un
censo Immediate para determi'
mar ell ndmero exacto de desa
parecidos.
Los helic6pteros solicitados
por las empresas petroleras ex'
tranjeras llegaran a la IONA ci'
tada Ell martes pr6ximo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Chinese Churoes

Some notice should be taken of the
fact that the Rev. Cyril P. Wagner of
Pittsburgh, one of two priests released
by the Chinese Communists, does not
contest the validity of the charge upon
which he was held in jail for five years.
Father Wagner was accused of
"Sabotaging China's financial ordi-
nance" When he came ashore in free
territory at Hong Kong, according to
the Associated Press, he said he did not
deny the charges. and that he had been
involved in black market currency.
There is some question whether
Father Wagner, in view of his physical
condition, was able to discuss the matter
responSibly. The fact remains, however,
that he made the statement when leav-
ing the ship which brought him to
Hong Kong and repeated it later to re-
porterS.
We do not intend to suggest that
this lends credence to all charges made
by the Chinese against Americans. If
Father Wagner's account can be ac-
cepted, however, 1t does stand as a
warning signal against the common as
sumption that any charge made by the
Chinese Reds is false.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Robbinq Peter

There is some reason to doubt the
need, and more to question the equity,
OF the Districts recent decision to par
ticipate in Federal plan to increase
benefits for the joblesS.
Under an Act of Congress planned
as an antirecesSion measure, the Secre-
tary Of Labor has been authorized to
make Treasury loans to States, including
the District Of Columbia, which wish to
extend their unemployment compenSa-
ton programs. Under the extension
program, the period of eligibility for
jobleSs benefits could be increased up to
so per cent. In the District this means
possible maximum extension of Is addi-
tional weeks for qualified jobless people.
There are reported to be about 5000 I'M
employed In the District whose benefits
have expired since last July /. How many
Of these would be affected by the extern
sion would be difficult to say, because
some may have found employment.
The doubt as to the need for this
program centers on the low rate of
unemployment here, which normally
runs about per cent of employableS.
This Is we'll under the national average
Of over per cent last month.
The question Of equity arises with
the proposal to assess only employers of
four or more persons with higher taxes
to repay any loans made by the Federal
Government to the District under this
program. According to the Board of
Trade, there were 1869 employing units
in the District at the end of last year
and about half of them employed fewer
than four people. In this category they
pay only the District unemployment tax,
but their employees will be eligible to
share in the extended benefits. In other
words, while their employees may share,
the burden of supporting the extension
is on the larger employer.
Beginning in 1868 the Federal I'M
employment tax paid by employers of
four or more persons will be increased
from 0.3 to GAS per cent. If federally
advanced funds are not repaid during
that year, the rate would increase to 06
per cent the following year and OTIS per
cent the next. These increases would
be levied despite the fact that there is
a total of almost $50 million sitting in
the District unemployment trust fund
The decision for District participa-
ton was by vote of three to two by
the District Unemployment Compensa-
ton Board, Commissioners Karrick and
yelling dissenting We think the dis
senters we're right. There appears to be
no demonstrated need for the District
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Afqhon Visitor

The energetic and able Prince Mo-
manned Daoud, Prime Minister of At
ghaniStan, will be here in Washington
for only brief stay, but his very well
come visit should have good results both
for his country and ours. To many
Americans, the land he represents may
seem far away, but 1t is nonetheleSS
highly important, and it is not really
distant in world that has long since
become a rather small neighborhood.
Afghanistan, which governs itself
as a constitutional monarchy, shares
with the Soviet Union 1,500-mile from
tier. Completely land-locked, it is one
of the most rugged and most interesting
OF Asian countries, and it has been ar
IDENTIFY wooed by the Kremlin for some
years past. Indeed, in terms of dollar
values, MoScow'S aid to it-military as
well as economic-haS been about four
times that of ours. Yet, as a 100 per
cent MoSlem land in which there is no
native Communist movement, it has
managed to preserve relatively neu-
trail status despite all the heavy pres
SureS it must feel from its gigantic
neighbor
Prime Minister Mohammed Daoud is
here to discuss many things, including
a continuation Of our assistance to his
underdeveloped country arrangements
for training some key Afghan military
personnel, and also-it may be assumed
American efforts to encourage an
Improvement in relations between his
government and Pakistan'S. These are
all matters Of significance, and he can
be sure that his views on them will re-
ceive a very sympathetic hearing from
our Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Mystifyinq Evil

It is significant that President Tito's
Yugoslav government has used bitterly
unvarnished language In It's note pro-
testing to the puppet Budapest regime
against the execution Of Imre Macy and
others involved In the 1855 Hungarian
revolt. The language has no polite cir
cumlocutions In IL. In effect, It brands
the deed as an act of bad faith, fraud
and treachery Of the worst kind, and 1t
bluntly implies that the Kremlin has
been the prime mover behind the whole
dirty business
In terms OF diplomatic usage, this
sort Of verbal toughness suggests the
possibility that there may be q sever
ance of relations between Belgrade's
"heretica" Communists and the "ortho-
dox" Red stooges In Budapest. More
than that, 1t suggests that President
Tito is convinced that the Soviet
Union, Just as in Stains day, has fully
committed itself and Its satellites to a
program Of relentless political and eco
nomic pressures against him. A strong
indication Of this is the way in which
the Hungarian puppets have linked him
with the treason" of former Premier
Macy. Accordingly, it is not surprising
that the Yugoslav protest has struck an
unusually sharp and almost contemptu-
Gus note, with no offsetting touches of
make-believe politeneSs.
All this, Of course, is bound to have
a far-reaching impact on the world be-
hind tho Iron N,,rfatv, panorks t,.ason%o
for example, that Premier Gomulka's
independence-minded Red regime in Po-
land, in addition to being embittered by
the renewed attacks on Tito, has been
outraged land perhaps frightened as
welD by the Hungarian executions, and
the same feeling unquestionably exists
in one degree or another - among
party elements elsewhere throughout
the Soviet empire. Moreover, the shock
ing nature of the killings has set in
motion new OBJECTIONS among the Com
muniStS of Britain and other Western
nations. Similarly, in "neutralist" lands
like India, where Prime Minister Nehru
has described the Macy story as "moSt
distressing" the general reaction obvii
ouSly has undone much of MoScow'S
wooing propaganda
Yet, although it must certainly have
anticipated these and kindred conse-
quences, the Kremlin chose to have the
executions take place, and it has since
been loudly defending them? Why? One
speculation is that Khrushchev and
Company must have felt that the deed,
even though they knew it would adj
versely affect Soviet policy abroad, was
necessary as a grim warning to the
satellites not to step out of line. Actu-
ally, however, like so much else behind
the Iron Curtain, this particular aspect
of the Macy story-the aspect bearing
upon Moscow'S motivation-stil remains
myStifying. The only thing really clear
about it is the evil of 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25

Senator Russell, 1t seems to us, is
laying 1t on bit thick, but he never
theless is justified in insisting on an
unequivocal assurance that there will be
no reprisals against any off1cer who
testifies before the Senate Armed Serv-
ices Committee.
The President and Defense Secre-
tary McElroy have more or less dis
claimed any intention to punish officers
who may testify in opposition to Mr..
EiSenhowers views when they are called
before the committee. But this dis
claimer ought to be stated clearly and
unambiguously. For there can be no
doubt that Congress, in considering such
measure as the defense reorganization
bill, Is entitled to the benefit of the
uncoerced views of responsible military
officers. And there can be equally little
doubt that Mr.. McElroys comments Of
last Saturday, whatever his intention
may have been, have the effect of dis
suading the service chiefs from testify
ing frankly in opposition to the beliefs
which the President is known to hold.
The Defense Secretary has denied
that his remarks we're a "rebuke" to
Admiral Burke, who had opposed the
President on two points. It is fact,
however, that Mr.. McElroy called the
service chiefs together and advised them
that they should keep in mind the
strong views of their Commander
Chief" when testifying before the COM
mittee. 1t is also fact that Mr.. Nc
Elroy, while denying any personal intent
to replace Admiral Burke as Chief of
Naval Operations, said: 81 am not the
only one who is responsible for his
future"
In our judgment, this clearly adds
UP to attempted coercion, and it should
not be tolerated. But at the same time,
Senator Russell should not seize upon
this indiscretion as means of sabotag-
ing defense reorganization. We believe
1t is essential to adopt the substance of
the Presidents program, and we hope
that Mr.. McElroy will give the necessary
assurances and that Senator Russell
then will get on with the job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25

chocolate candy, one may
feel sure.
Wrapping Of candies has
become so complex that it
is about perfect, in a Nation
where the complex is es-
teemed as about perfect,
however you look at it.
Countless fingers might
handle them, but the imper-
vious wrappers are almost as
good as the skin of the orange
or the shell of the egg in
keeping out inimical factors.
Chemical analysis of the
egg within the shell shows,
however, that there are some
germs. even there.
So it may be that man has
improved on nature with his
wrapping Of the modern
candy bar.
According to Friend Jones,
there Is lust one bad feature
to some of the bars.
You can't get the darn
things open, he says.
Maybe little japanese
children cadging bars off
American soldiers, have no
trouble, but the average adult
candy bar addict is all I'm.
gers and thumbs, sometimes.
Manufacturers have at
tempted to solve this prob
lem by putting a small red
tape through the end.
Give this a pull, the d.
rections assert, and the candy
will come out nicely. but
everyone who has tried it
knows better.
=
Jones tried some old FASH
Toned licorice candy not long
ago.
How did you like it?" we
asked. did it come up to
your childish impressions?"
Jones gave a faint smile.
MY childhood impressions
Of licorice we're never too
hot" he said.
The taste, he indicated, was
good. but too lingering. Now,
there is lingering and linger-
ing, as every one knows. Some
lingering is better than others.
II you linger too long on a
corner. for instance, an officer
may come along and order
you to move on. At least a
policeman would, when there
were policeman doing foot
patrol duty.
Temp Jones says the lin
gering taste Of licorice is no
longer to his taste. And,
according to the old Roman
maxim. on matters of taste
there can be no dispute.
de gustibus non disputan-
dunn est" Jones says.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Airport Halfway

The propaganda a local
FIN station issues during
their "60-second editorials"
concerning the proposed
highway to the new airport
has no argument.
Nothing could be more
ideal than a paved highway
bordering both sides of the
Potomac River so all can
have free access to the beau
tiful scenery. Every great
American city is proud Of its
picturesque river highways.
Let's get this project under
way without further delay.
John NJ. Ryan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Viroinio Schools

A group in Arlington has
formally organized the Ar
lington Committee to Pre-
serve Public Schools, but
what we really need is a
committee to preserve the
Constitution. In the mad
scramble to save our schools,
I hope the people do not Use
sight of the fact that the
question to be settled here is
a constitutional one, and
transcends the public school
system. The question Is
whether the States have the
right under the Constitution
to govern their own internal
affairs.
Virginia believes that she
has the right to run her
schools just as she has done
in the past. The Constitution
handed down to US by our
forefathers has not been
amended with respect to
schools. nor has Congress
passed any law taking this
right away from the States.
Article 10 of the Consti-
tuition declares that the pow
ers not delegated to the
United States by the Consti-
tuition, nor prohibited by it
to the States. are reserved to
the States respectively, or to
the people.
Then, in order to be doubly
sure that there would be no
encroachment by the Federal
Government on these powers
reserved to the States. the
trainers of the Constitution
enumerated the powers which
were delegated to the United
States. And the power to run
our schools is not among
those so enumerated.
Actually this is the begin
ming Of the battle to win back
our constitutional American
liberties which have been
taken away from us by
stealth. Virginia has been
selected as the testing ground
for the Supreme Courts deci-
sion Of May II. 1854. The
closing Of the schools is a
part Of the States massive
resistance program. This
program is designed for the
purpose Of determining
whether the law Of the land
is the Constitution Of the
United States and the laws
made in pursuance thereof, or
whether the law Of the land
il what the Supreme Court
says It SIXTY l. Reynolds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE.
Nv THOMAS n HENRY
An Exciting Biological Prospect

seas may have brought about
the origin Of life more than 2
billion years ago. Analogous
processes taking place In the
laboratory at some future
date may yet enable investi-
gators TO synthesiEe repro
ducing things for the first
time"
But. says the report. there
are more immediate possible
tiles from the study Of these
particles so small that mil
lions would iit comfortably
on q pin head. Work along
these lines now Is being con-
Quoted chiefly at California
Institute Of Technology. Uni
versity Of California. Purdue.
University Of Indiana and the
Rockefeller Institute.
Possible Disease Combatant
Usually" says the report.
'viruses breed true when re-
leased by bursting bacteria
cells. But on rare occasions
a sudden hereditary change
occurs and q different strain
Of virus appears. II is as IL
the blueprint Of some mass
production item were altered
in one detail, and assembly
lines kept turning out new
products by the millions.
The devastating influenza
epidemic Of 1888 may
have been due to q mutation
which transformed rather
mild varieties into lethal
viruses.
Can the reverse process be
achieved to combat disease?
Laboratory experiments now
suggest that dangerous VIE
ruses may indeed be changed
into innocuous forms and
that new techniques @or
treating virus illnesses may
involve use of special mu-
tation-producing substances.
Further research may lead to
production of similar changes
in harmful bacteria and can
Ger cells"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES {. TRACEWELL

Temp Jones put a nickle
into the candy machine, and
pulled the lever.
Out came his favorite, a
chocolate peppermint.
AS he turned to go, out
popped another mint.
ct h anks," said Temp.
scooping 1t up.
He turned to go, when
there was another rattle and
bang
And out came a third pep
permint candy.
Jones said Thanks" again,
and put the third bar into
his capacious pocket.
You never argue with a
machine. he found out long
ago.
Especially when it has a
woman driver.
Mostly the candy vending
affairs are so regulated that
it is easier to put a camel
through a needles eye than
get two bars for the price of
one.
Astute businessmen see to
this. They have a living to
make, you know, and many
mouths to feed.
People who take three bars
for the price of one ought to
be jailed. or something, they
say.
But what do you do, Temp
Jones wants to know?
There is nobody around
but the machine.
Place the extra bars on the
machine top, and let anybody
come along and eat them?
Well, If you think that. you
don't know Templeton Jones,
that is all.
The American candy bar
comes in at least 1887 vari-
cites, most of them covered
with chocolate, and at least
half of them filled with nuts
AS for that phrase about
the camel through a needles
eye, some translators say the
word should have been
rope" and this would seem
to make more sense.
American candies come in
all shapes and colors, with
hundreds of flavors, Of which
the principle one, as sug-
gested, is chocolate.
The universal liking for the
taste Of chocolate is an amaz-
ing thing.
No breed Of human beings
evidently, dislikes it.
The chocolate candy bar
American made and wrapped
sanitarily, is universal cur
rency around the whole
world. and out into space
too, perhaps; for If angels
ate candy. they would cal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25

Biologists may be ap-
preaching actual synthesis
Of living organisms. capable
Of reproduction.
They are following the
probable lines by which life
first appeared In the seas
about two billion years ago,
This exciting prospect
comes from recent studies Of
filterable viruses. the infin-
itesimaiiy minute living par
ticles responsible for many
Of the most serious human.
animal and plant diseases,
according to q report on cur
rent needs of American sci-
ence Just issued by the Ma
tional Science Foundation.
Behavior Of the minute
particles Is being studied
under electron microscopes
which magnify them thou
sands Of times.
Tadpole-Shaped
"They are SEEN" says the
report. Ito be tadpole-shaped
bodies with oval heads and
slender tails. In attacking,
such q virus uses a tail-flrst
assault. It backs into q bac-
terium. using its tail TO pene-
trate the outer coating. and
then acts as a living hypo-
dermic needle. Material orig
inally concentrated in the
head of the virus passes
down through the tail, a hol-
low tube less than a mil
lionth Of an inch in diameter.
and into the bacterial cell,
Twenty minutes or so later
the cell bursts. yielding about
100 duplicates or near dupi-
Gates of the original virus.
'"The material which vi
ruses inject into bacteria Is a
so-called nucleic acid. It's
molecules somehow repro
duce themselves inside bac-
terra and use bacterial sub
stances to assemble new
viruses. Analogous processes
taking place in primeval
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25

ing made the victim Of a
campaign Of political per-
secution Of unexam implied
viciousness. 1t is without
parallel, even for the Demo-
Gratis, who are acknowledged
past masters of this mean
and shady art"
The most vocal critics Of
Sherman Adams, of course.
have not been Democrats,
but have been frightened Re-
publicans who are UP for
election: Knowland. Potter.
Goldwater, Watkins, Hruska.
Beall, and all the rest.
Is Alcorn trying to imply
that Adams is the innocent
victim of some Democratic
villification? If so, let him say
so frankly and be laughed out
of the newspapers.
1t Is this sort Of continued
intellectual dishonesty, more
than Sherman Adams i'm
prudences," which keeps me
from ever having any con-
fldence in the Republican
high command.
Registered Voter.
4 X 4
Representative Moss of
California is always pushing
and showing his way into
every single issue, whether
he knows anything about it
or not.
One of the lady reporters
of The Star, who does not
keep editorializing out Of her
reporting, told us how Repre-
sentative Moss voice quiv-
cred with emotion during
some of his questioning dur
ing the Sherman Adams go
round. From her slant 1t
would appear that was an
asset to Moss. ! remained
coldly unimpressed by her
angle. I contend that just
at that point somebody
should have clipped Moss on
the whiskers, then his voice
would have steadied down.
John Martin Jones.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-25
Clater UNIVERSAL. Nestor and
Famous Players.

@. What percentage of 1857
United States automobile
output was registered in 1857,
and how did the companies
rank?-A. H.
A. The trade journal Auto
motive News reported total
registration Of 5,982,342 cars
in 1857. representing 97.S2
per cent Of total production.
Among producers, American
Motors cars made UP 1886 per
cent Of the total registered.
Chrysler 1888, Ford 5000,
General Motors 44.86. Stude-
baker Packard lib, miscel-
laneous 1888. Individually, the
Ford accounted for 24.97 per
cent Of registrations and the
Chevrolet for 24.34 per cent.
@. Who discovered the first
coal tar Dyes. X.
A. William Henry Perkins.
later Sir william, produced
the first aniline dye in his
crude home laboratory in
1856. 1t was a light purple
which became known as
mauve. Queen Victoria, who
at this time was in mourning
for Prince Albert, wore a
dress Of this shade at the
1852 Exposition in the Crystal
Palace. i