davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1958-05-02

The week VIII btgin N.Cu .ai
opening convocatlon IN the Coz
lege Church tonight Monday
The speaker will conduct the pro
gram during the Tuesday morning
chapel and the series will be ended
With a Communion Service that
night IN which ne will b. lsalstt VI
by Df Ben II Lacy College Chap
lain and paatof ol College Chutc!i
Dr. Lake received his EA dc
gree from Davidson College and
attended Union Theologic Semi
nary from which he received a
BID. degree. He held earlier pas
torates in Warrenton. South Hill
S. c.. and Bristol.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1958-05-02
DR.. Lake Leading
Hill REV Activities

Dr Julian Lake, pastor of the
First Presbyterian Church OF
winston Salem. NJ O. Is leading
tiir Religious lInpha viz Week pro
grams Oh the iiatnbdeh 3y dney
College canipli'i. Apil 70 AID 70.
A native " Georgia, Dr. LAKE
Will conduct the three services Of
the special emphasis series, an
nounced Herbert L. Seay. of Vic
toria. president Of the Student
Christian Association at Hnmp-
dem Sydney
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1958-05-02

M and Alis john / Smlh And
dutis htels we've tlit snrtt NJ Ills
parent Nj and AIRS J Biayon
Smith and her parents NJ aad
Mrs X T Anderson Of Nathalie.
last week end
Village Garden club Ann meet
ing was II The nome N Ah-s
Charles Hardy Mrs William JET
ferson of Richmond cave talk
on the fundamentals Of flower an
ranging Mrs John Fl Dickens.
Nns W Cary Mcconnaaghey Mis-
Donald Flnpen and Mrs Geopae
O Hardy III Won blue ribbons,
Mrs HARDY Grae ana Mrs
Thomas Eppes reds. and MRS WI
ham A Mortimea lWo teas All
Ndid coffee table aIranecmems
Mrs Harold Locher. Of IeXlne.
ton was the week end Guest Of
Miss Mary jefferson when She
came home from Ivnchbure. where
she teaches
Nh and Mrs T VAUGHAN Llson
and DAUGHTER Mary Rebecca. Of
Lane. S c.. were recent guests Of
his mother Mrs Lewis 4 Lyon
They visited her mother. Mrs. II
OTIS Marshall. who is 4 patient at
JohnstonWiliis hospital Richmond
n MAJ NM
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1958-05-02

Richmond The elder pickersons
celebrated theil forty second we'd
dln9 anniversary Saturday
Thomas jefferson Jr Of Rich
nond Mrs Thomas Jefferson. has
mother and Miss Florence Pei
lrtlcl Of Brandon WI. visited
friends ana relatives in Amelia
Saturday Miss Pellet.er and Mrs.
Jeiie' sen have inst returned from
q trip through Florida, Georgia and
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1958-05-02
Trenholm,

MIS- Bagby Jones was cxpecte.
~ ltaYe hast Wednesday for 4 STAY
OF several weeks with Mi anc
Mrs sam Wall. of Aiken. s. c
They are the parents Of an 8 ponnl
boy born April ~
Visitors ID Mrs Alma Wilbur
recently were MI and Mrs. Clai
borne Wilburn and family. and Mr.
and Mrs Curtis Wilbuln. and son
Of Richmond
4 Mrs Media Runlon Of Richmond
! spent last Sunday here with Mr.
and MIS- Paul stratton
( MI and Mrs Cecil DeNoon
visited her molher, Mrs II NJ
Kidd II Elk Hill last Sunday
Steser Spends Week End
Carlton Steger. of Hampton
spent last week end with MI anc
Mrs ] I DeNoon Other visitors
were AIr and Mrs Snead De Noon,
4 rowhatan Nj and Mrs Ray.
mond DeNoon and daughter. OF
Richmond
M Ard MIS- y II Mcclure and
family spent last Saturday with
Nh ard MIS- Oliver Morrison. Of
PoWhalan
Debbie Wilson is quite SICK al
her home
Visitors d Nh Ana Mts 3 w
Whburn last Sunday were Mr. and
Mrs Charlie Duke and family. Mr.
ana MES Claiborne Wilbuln. and
family aad Mrs Media Runion.
all y Richmond Mrs Mildred Hat
cher ana family Julian swami.
Mamie Mae Cole and Patricia
Stokes.
Swami Returns From Iowa
john Swami has returned after
spending some time with relatives
and friends in Des MONIES. Iowa
on bis way horne hc visited his
6rolhe5 Meredith ann. and
tamlly u ROANOKE and his slste
Ms RatHs Nm ard MI HHl III
ASHORE n c.
AIr and MIS- Moses Nnnnally
ud dagshier ana MRS Falia Dan
diIdga y Richmond spent last
sunday WHh Mr. ana Mrs \ G.
Palmore
J ] Boatwrigbt Of Arvonla.
visited MI ana Mis- r. w Boat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
The Fourth Republic
In Fact and Theory

session of both houses. President
Rene Coty was chosen December
II, 1858, by vote of ATT out of
CAT. His principal duty is to name
Premier candidates for AsSemb y
confirmation. He also presides
over the Council of Ministers.
The French constitution can be
changed in three ways:
/. BY two-thirdS vote of the
National Assembly and a simple
majority in the Council of the
Republic.
2. By three fifths majorities n
both houses.
3. BY simple mGjolities in 10th
houses and majority vote of a ma
tionel referendum.
When political commentators
speak of the end of the Fourth
Republic, they usually refer to the
possibility that a strong man will
come to power and refuse to work
with the badly divided National
Assembly.
Gen. de Gaulle, for instance, re-
portedly will take the premiership
only if the National Assembly
votes itself out of power for a
period of time, variously reported
at six months. IL months and
longer. Whether this would for
mally be recognized as the death
of the Fourth Republic" would de-
pend on future events.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Some Political Portents of 1860

they are determined to remove this
obligation from their consciences
by junking the rule. as their CO.
horts in Georgia already have
done.
In the May primary. SO State
committeeman who won absolute
majorities we're elected. with the
Dixiecrats winning 80 seats and
the loyalists 80. The other nine
seats. for which the May 6 leaders
won only pluralities, will be de-
cided Tuesday. The loyalistS, who
have the support of both Alabama
Senators. will need seven of the
nine in order to keep the loyalty
pledge in the rulebook.
If the rule is repealed, the
temptation in several other South
ern States-Virginia, South Caro-
lima, Mississippi and Arkansas-to
follow suit will be strong. 1t would
also certainly set in operation
plans for another third party in
1860. The Southerners have no
hope that the Democrats will
nominate one of their own in
1860, and as for Mr.. Nixon. he is
known more in the South as a
member Of the National Associa-
ton for the Advancement of
Colored People than as Vice
President.
To stave of this eventuality,
many leaders Of the party ma
tionally see one out: Massachu-
sets Senator John Kennedy
Continued on Page A-23
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
AIobumu

The Alabama primary Tuesday
"a runof affair-will be signif-
icant nationally only because the
voters will determine the complex
ion Of the States Democratic Ex-
ecutive Committee.
Whether that 72-member body
is composed of a majority of Dem
ocrats loyal to the national party
(some Alabamians still speak Of
the Truman Party") or of the
heirs to the 1948 Alabama led con-
vention bolt may help determine
whether the South once again will
go its own way with a Southern
oriented third party in 1860.
Since Mr.. Handy Ellis and his
fellows took many Southern del
egates on that ill-starred 1913 ad-
venture, presidential electors have
been required to take an oath that
they would support the party
ticket. whether they liked it or not.
The die-hard Dixiecrats never
have cotSoned to the idea. and now
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
The Real Challenge

The challenge facing France
was fraught with the gravest con-
sequences. Was parliamentary
democracy to acknowledge itself
as a failure? Was the tragedy of
Germany's Weimar Republic to
repeat itself, and a new military
dictatorship to threaten the peace
of Europe? What was to happen
to the North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization. and its role as de-
fender of Western Europe against
possible Communist aggression?
Would Gen. de Gaulle undo the
carefully and tediouSly wrought
foundation structure of European
unity as represented by the Com
mon Market and the International
Atomic Energy Agency? Was the
future of France to be bound up in
nationalist isolation, creating in
evitably an area of "neutralism
between East and West?
The French people, bored and
weary of political chaos. seemed
apathetic to the developing polit-
ical crisis. But the basic elements
of civil war were nonetheless
present:
A determined right wing, long
smoldering in wrath at what
seemed to be progressive deteri-
Grafton of Frances world position;
an angry Army and Navy and Air
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01

Force. feeling betrayed by the
political leadership through long
and bitter years of defeat in Indo-
China. impotence in Morocco and
Tunisia, and humiliation at the
moment of victory at Suez; and
a leftist majority tempted to CO.
operate with the Communists in
a new popular front.
The situation was, as Mr.. Coty
emotionally presented it to the
Assembly, fraught with the "des-
tiny of the people" The chief Of
state, who normally would not
address directly the assembled
Deputies, said he would resign
his post if legal and peaceful
means were not found for the re-
turn of Gen. de Gaulle to power.
with the country and the Re-
public in peril" he declared, Il
turn toward the most illustrious of
Frenchmen, toward the one who
during the darkest hours of our
history, was our leader in the re-
conquest of our liberty and who.
while having created national
unanimity around himself, refused
dictatorship in order to re-estab-
lish the Republic"
Friday the reluctant Socialists
gave in. Mr.. Mollet and his chief
aide. Maurice Deixenne. after a
conference with President Coty,
journeyed to Colombey-les-deux-
Eglises for Commute talk. An
hour after they left, the general,
with his wife and a carful of lug
gage, themselves departed for
Paris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
The Man Meets the Hour

Personalities in French political
history nave figured more dra-
matically, If not more often, in
French destiny than in that of
almost any other modern nation.
After the revolution came young
Napoleon Bonaparte, about whose
aggressive and colorful person.
atty a whirlpool Of war and poll
tics revolved for 20 years. There
was his nephew, Louis Napoleon,
who became President of the Sec
ond Republic in 1848 and Emperor
of the Second Empire in 1852.
There was George Ernest Jean
Boulanger, the original man on
horseback" who almost seized the
reins of power in 1889, only to
flee at the last moment before
the wrath of the aroused Third
Republic.
Last week another personality,
in the view OF many new man
on horseback" dominated French
politics and haunted the minds
of statesmen all over the world.
Gen. Charles Andre Marie de
Gaulle. hero of the French re-
sistance during World War II and
first ruler of liberated France,
was the man of the hour.
Fulfilling in large part the gen.
erals almost mystical sense of his
own destiny. today Gen. de Gaulle
will formally take over, on his own
terms, the power Of the French
state.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
Trouble in Tunisio

The effects of the French politi-
cal travail continued last week
to produce a serious nervous ten
sion in Tunisia and Morocco, AL
geria's North African neighbors.
Tunisia strengthened the mill
tary blockading of French garri-
sons in the country (there under
the terms of the independence
agreement) and of the huge naval
base at Bizerte.
TunisIan demonstrators de-
manded arms and called sporadic
strikes to emphasize their nation
alist protest at continued French
"incursions" along the barbed-
wire border between Tunisia and
Algeria.
But President Habib Bourguiba
chung to his policy of restraint
and moderation. Official Tunisian
quarters even expressed guarded
optimism that the coming to
power of Gen. de Gaulle would
ease the dangerous Algerian sit
uation and possibly pave the way
for a North African Federation
of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco,
linked in independence to France.
Charges made to the United
Nations by Tunisia that French
military forces were guilty Of ag-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
California

In California, the results of next
Tuesdays Democratic and Repub-
lican primaries will give both
parties some 1860 campaign guide
lines, and more than likely will
reveal some trends that both
parties will study long and hard.
(See story by David Koonce on
Page A-2G.
The California candidates. Of
Senate Minority Leader Knowland
and of Republican Gov. Knight
will enter Old Guard Republican,
ism and Modern Republicanism in
a popularity contest in a State
that is one of the three top
electoral prizes.
Senator Knowland. running for
Governor. is betting that the right
wing of his party is more alive
than its reduced size in Congress
would indicate. Gov. Knight, seek
ing the Knowland Senate seat, is
a liberal Republican whose plat
form bears little philosophical re-
semblance to that Of the Senator.
The outcome will have a special
meaning to their fellow Califor-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
Summit Talks:
New Moves

Preliminary negotiations toward
a possible summit conference re-
sumed in Moscow last week when
the British Ambassador met again
with FOREIGN Minis er 'nd"'i
Gromyko The ENJOYS of the
United States and France talked
with their 7-'it'sn "0lle -o.
though neither met with Mr..
Gromyko.
A stepped-up Soviet peace Of
fensive was seen in moves last
week TO % withdraw all Soviet
troops from satellite Romania;
% reduce Russian garrisons in
Hungary; 80 cut back Soviet ard
satellite armed forces by 10000
men; and a. seek non-aggres-
sion pact with the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization.
The new Communist peace drive
was outlined by Mr.. Khrushchev
last week end in speech to the
Warsaw Pact delegates meeting
at Moscow. Details were spelled
out in the communique issued at
the conclusion Of the Moscow ses-
sions Tuesday.
The Soviet military cutbacks
were minimized by the United
States Defense partm mt
Wednesday. The reductions we
insignificant" the Pentagon said.
But State Department Officials
took a more serious view of the
latest Soviet relaxation Of ten
sion" drive. To reject it as propa-
ganda, or to brush it of as mean
ingless. might place he West in
a poor light in world opinion. Dip
lomats cautioned privately.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01

The crisis in France has been
fundamentally a dispute about
how the nation will be admins
tered end who will do it.
One of the principal questions
posed by Gen. de Gaulle is wheth-
er the National Assembly, weak
ened by the multiparty system,
will continue to be the sole locus
of state power in France.
If some Of the Assembly's pow
err is taken away, the republican
form of government featuring an
interplay OF legislative and execu-
tive authority will be continued.
The 1l-year-old Fourth Republic
could survive at least in name.
If all the National Assembly's
power is taken away, however,
the executive could become all
powerful. as on many previous
occasions in France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
Invited to Take Over

President Coty promptly asked
Gen. de Gaulle to attempt to form
a government. The aloof and aus
tere general then came to Paris
from his rural retreat at Colom-
bey-les-deuX-EgliSes for private
talks with party leaders. The talks
got nowhere, and the general re-
turned home, confident that in
exorable time would guarantee his
triumph.
What Mr.. Coty had hoped for
was an acceptance by the ma
jority Of the National Assembly
of a De Gaulle government, thus
making the generals assumption
of power legal and constitutional.
But the powerful Socialist party,
led by the veteran former Premier
Guy Mollet, baked at the De
Gaulle conditions.
These were:
Cd A definite period (presum-
ably one year, in which Gen. de
Gaulle would hold full powers
while the Parliament was in re-
cess.
~ A mandate to himself to
prepare constitutional reforms,
strengthening the executive pow
er, to be submitted to the people
in a referendum.
t3) A free hand in Algeria.
Despite a national ban on dem
onstrationS under the emergency
powers granted to Premier Pflim-
lin by the Assembly over a week
ago. there were demonstrations,
both pro and anti De Gaulle. in
Paris. On Wednesday, three for
mer Premiers-Paul Ramadier.
Eduard Daladier, and Pierre
Mendes- France-headed a gigan-
tic demonstration numbering al
most 100000 people, which filled
the broad Boulevard Voltaire
from curb to curb for four hours.
But the trend to Gen. de Gaulle
continued, with more and more
of the centrist and leftiSt depu-
ties choosing the general in pref
erence to almost certain rightist-
inspired civil war. AlgierS, head
quarters Of the chief de Gaulle
supporters, warned that the pa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
The Inevitable Outcome

The events of the week moved
swiftly toward climax that al
most everyone believed. week
ago, was inevitable. The falter-
ing Fourth Republic, beset by an
inbred and unacceptable weakness
born of Gallo insistence on a.
parliamentary system susceptible
to every mild political breeze, was
mired in Illustration. The long
and bloody war in Algeria, in
volving the political, economic
and social passions of Frenchmen
everywhere, had brought down
cabinet after cabinet in grim
succession. In Algeria, there was
stalemate; in France proper, only
confusion.
Premier Pierre Pf1imlin, only
days in Office, was confronted by
an overt defiance in Algeria which
quickly spread to Corsica, to other
French overseas areas, and to
metropolitan France itself. The
Algerian junta, composed OF
French colonists Of extreme right
list persuasion supported by the
French Army, demanded that
Gen. de Gaulle be recalled to Paris
and given extraordinary powers
to untangle the confused political
situation. The threat was plain,
and spelled out:
If the general were not quickly
installed, on his own terms. at
the seat of government, then the
Algerian junta would proceed to
take direct action in France it.
self.
To President Coty, the alterna-
tive was De Gaulle or civil war.
In a moving address to the rest
less National Assembly, he pre-
sented the dilemma without mine
ing words. Nov we are on the
verge of civil war" he told the
attentive deputies. After having
fought so much against the enemy
in the past forty years. are
Frenchmen tomorrow going to
fight Frenchmen?"
Premier Pflimlin, Spurning the
support of the Communists in the
Assembly, had resigned Wednes-
day despite a 408-to-165 vote Of
the Assembly in support of his
move to effect constitutional re-
form in an effort to bolster the
shaky executive power of the
state. His resignation-not i'm
mediately accepted by Mr.. Coty-
opened the way for Gen. de
Gaulle, either by parliamentary
acceptance, a military coup d'etat.
or civil war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
Yugoslovio::
Breakdown

Moscow, which began the week
with cordial message of birthday
congratulations to Yugoslavia's
Marshal Tito, nevertheless stepped
up its attacks on the Yugoslav
"deviationiStS." In the birthday
message, Premier Nikita Khru-
shchev called for a renewal of
close ties of friendship between
the Soviet Union and Belgrade.
On Wednesday, however, Yugo-
slavia was notified that a $685.
million Soviet credit" for eco
nomic development had been
postponed for five years.
Belgrade reacted with vigor to
this latest Soviet pressure. The
economic aid, first sought in the
United States without success, is
vital to the development of the
Yugoslav aluminium industry. The
Russian "postponement" is the
second for this particular credit,
and leaves large Yugoslav invest
ments already made in jeopardy.
Yugoslavia officially charged
"abrogation" of the aid agreement
Friday. Unless the credits were
forthcoming, the Foreign Ministry
said, Belgrade would demand
compensation for the expenses al
ready incurred.
American officials were quick to
point out that the Soviet acton
bellies Moscow assurances to the
world that economic aid involved
no political strings" Lincoln
White, State Department Press
Officer. issued formal statement
critlclzlng the Moscow move.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
Lebanon:
ACompromise?

Lebanon's pro-Western govern
ment was still in power last week
but opposition to President Ca
mile Chamoun's bid for a second
term was growing.
The Patriarch of the Maronite
Christian Church, to which all
most half of Lebanons lis million
people belong, publicly called for
Mr.. Chamoun's withdrawal from
the government. Previously, the
support of the Christians was Mr..
Chamoun'S mainStay.
The prelate's action came as q
part of a compromise proposal de-
signed to end the violence which
has torn the country since Moslem
nationalist friendly to the United
Arab Republic began an armed
but loosely organized rebellion 20
days ago. Last week a precariouS
truce existed, unofficially. between
government forces and rebel
bands, but sporadic shooting con-
tinued in Beirut and other cities.
Foreign Minister Charles Malik
called for an international COM
mission to patrol the border with
Syria, now a province in the
United Arab Republic. A steady
stream of arms and ammunition.
as well as Syrian infiltrators, con-
tinueS to supply the Lebanese
rebels, DR.. Malik charged.
Lebanon issued a long summary
of complaints against the UAR
interference" in Lebanese affairs
Thursday. The note, sent to all
diplomatic missions in Beirut,
charged continuous aid" to OPP
position groups and direct support
of the rebels by Syrian and Egyp-
tan military intelligence units.
The Lebanese charges will come
before the Arab League, now meet
ing in Benghazi, Libya, for con-
sideration this week unless JAR
President Nasser is able to head
of discussion. as Beirut claims he
is seeking to do. Lebanon is press
ing for action in the Arab League
before carrying the charges to the
United Nations Security Council.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
How the Assembly Works

The 596-member National AS
sembly in Frances bicameral
legislature holds nearly all state
power under the constitution OF
the Fourth French Republic. 1t
is elected by universal suffrage.
1t can turn Premiers out by
simple majority vote. either on a
motion of no confidence or a
motion of cenSure. The Premier,
Of course, can also resign.
1t is also possible for the Pre-
mier to dissolve the Assembly. He
can do this only if there has
been two adverse votes Of con-
fidence by the Nationai Assembly
within is months.
The other house of the French
Legislature, the S20-member Coun-
Gil of the Republic comes into
the picture mainly in electing the
President of the republic and IN
changing the constitution.
The President of the republic.
whose duties are principally cere-
monial, must be elected by a joint
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01

Republic were as varied as the
predicterS. LeftiSts still spoke
gloomily of dictatorship, but mod
crates and rightists professed
faith in the generals dedication to
republican institutions.
But internationally there was
rising concern over the possible
course the general would pursue
in foreign affairs. Some diplo-
mats saw a new neutralism, with
a grave weakening of the Western
alliance inevitable. Others pre-
dicted that a De Gaulle regime
would emulate Egypt's President
Dictator Canal Abdel Nasser and
play off the West against the East
for whatever French advantage
was possible.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
UItimdtum to Leaders

Gen. de Gaulle announced mat
ter-of-factly that he would go
before the National Assembly to-
day to take Office. He gave politi-
cal leaders a virtual ultimatum:
They must deliver more than 400
votes in his favor when the AS
sembly votes today; thus the gen.
eral would amply legalize his
coming to power.
Predictions on the future of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-01
History of the Republics

The First French Republic was
installed after the French Revolu
ton. and lasted from 1898 to 1904.
when Napoleon established the
First Empire. The Second Repub-
lie lasted only four years. from
lS4S to 1852, and was presided over
by Louis Napoleon, nephew of
Napoleon Bonaparte
The Third Republic survived the
longest, from September 4, 1871. to
July 10, 1910, when the National
Continued on Page AIS