davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-22
THE POLITICAL MILL
G. o. P. Shoken by Minnesota Vote
By GOULD LINCOLN

The special election in
Minnesota's LIST congressional
district February Is. in which
the Republican candidate.
Albert Quie, defeated his
Democratic opponent. Eugene
Foley. by only 65I votes tun-
ofiicial COUNT has shaken Re-
publican leaders from stem
TO stern especially the
@. o. P. leaders in the big
farm States Of the Middle
West, This district has been
held by Republicans ever
since 1893 - except for the
73d Congress elected in 1892,
when the old Farmer-Labor
Party took it over.
The election was to I'LL a
vacancy caused by the death
Of the late August H. Andre
sen, Republican. who had
represented the district since
the election Of 1924. with the
exception Of the Congress
already mentioned. Indeed.
Mr.. Andersen was reelected
in that district in the cleo
ton Of l936-one Of the 80
Republican members of the
House then chosen. the low
mark Of Republican House
strength. In the election of
1854 - when there was no
presidential contest-Mr. An
dresen carried this district
with a per cent Of 500 Of the
total vote caSt-aS compared
to Mr.. Quie's per cent Of 50.4
in the special election. The
drop-off of the G. o. P. vote
is really alarming to the party
leaders, as they admit when
speaking privately. Their only
consolation is that Mr.. Quie
was able to win.
Districts In Jeopardy
There are twenty-eight
congressional districts in the
farm area-in seven States
now held by Republicans.
where Republican candidates
may be in Jeopardy next
November If the present re-
sentiment of farm voters
against the COP. admin
stration continues. Two are
in North Dakota. four in
Minnesota. one in South
Dakota, five in Iowa, four in
Nebraska. f1ve in Kansas. and
seven in Wisconsin. The Re-
publicans by no means expect
to lose all these districts.
They are relying on the per-
sonal strength of present in
cumbentS. in large measure.
to pull them through. Indeed.
this reliance on the strength
Of incumbent members of the
House is rapidly becoming the
major hope Of the Republican
strategists to prevent disas-
trous party losses in the con-
gressional elections in Novem-
Der. Two of the incumbents
in the % districts in the
farm area-LeCompte. Iowa
4th district. and Kueger.
North Dakota at-large-are
not to seek reelection.
The. personal strength Of
the late Representative An
dresen in his district in
Minnesota is emphasized
when the 1854 votes for Gov
ernor and for Senator are
considered. Mr.. Andresen's
percentage of the total vote
in his district was 600. while
the percentage Of the vote
won by the Republican candi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-22
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

some have attempted to 90
without sleep.
We know several people
who. UNDERSTANDABLE, have
tried TO go without using
soap, only to find there is
nothing TO take its place
Except an imitation soap. Of
which there are many on the
market.
There are not any foods TO
lure Just one species.
Often one may think he
has discovered such. only 70
find many other species come
to eat 1t. too.
For instance. the wood
pecker comes TO eat the suet,
not the nuts imbedded in Il.
Goldfnches in their winter
dress are marvellous little
fellows, surely.
Hawks, in their own right.
are beautiful birds. marvellous
in posture. above all.
Few living things seem To
hold themselves so proudly.
Probably this is because, in
nature. no living thing can
have any shame at evil deeds.
1t Is man alone. the maTve-
lous, who suffers from shame,
and probably he doesn't suf.
fer as much or as often as he
should. Suffering becomes
human beings: 1t was never
intended for the other liy-
ing creatures.
Birds in the garden oner
unending entertainment 70
the home-lovtng soul. PEG.
pie. for one purpose, may
be Jumped on into home
lovers and other lovers. That
10. there are some souls. Of
both sexes. who seem 70 pre-
fer 10 think and talk about
home and its envlrons. in.
GLIDING the garden. OtheB
Ike best 10 talk about out.
side matters. any place ex.
eept the home. IL IL all .
matter Of taste. evidently.
II you like your home. the
chances are . lO0-to-i that
you viii like your garden. too
And II you like gardening.
even in theory. you must like
the birds. because they are
such integral parts OF yards
or gardens. call them A. you
please.
Some people think yard"
10 best. They regard gar
den" ~ . rather hoity- toitS
word. Others like garden"
realizing II simply meanb
garth or inclosed place. That
10 why . fence or hedge Of
some sort 10 good.
These little matters -
Identifying q new bird visitor.
or trying 10 intrigue one with
a new food. take on added
Importance II one really loves
them, Some folks. you know.
get a. much kick out Of this
as going 10 4 movie. n
watching televiSion. really.
Think Of that. ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-22

est discomfort. I wonder at
myself that I am able to
stoop down and make a bed
which heretofore meant
wheeling. painting and a rae
ing heart.
This and more I can now
do and there is more to look
forward to as I am told it
takes a year to really enjoy
the full BENEFITS Of the cure.
! sing its praises highly"
MI 6. r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-22
FALLS CHURCH, va.

- az " S@t - oas OAA 49,
fence today.
Our bird book identified it
as marsh hawk.
1T is a large light gray
bird-much lrger than our
songbirds. We have many
songbird varieties all winter.
as we keep bird seed out in
the corner of the yard.
I'VE enjoy your column.
Sincerely. ]. c. X"
$50
SILVER SPRING, Md.
Dear Sir:
"I'm an ardent wildbird
fan and would like to know
the identity of a small olive
green bird with a brown back.
yellowish green breast and
black and white barred wings.
"He perches and fills his
bill without fear. favoring
sunfiower seeds. l believe 1t
is a type of goldfinch-am l
right?
I'D like to know what /
can use in the way of differ
ent foods to attract different
kinds Of birds.
MY greatest thrill had
been to be visited by the red
headed woodpecker. who likes
black walnut meats.
Il grind Suet and nuts to-
gether TO form small cakes.
These bring the nuthatch.
both white and red-bressted.
Almost all enjoy nuts Of
various kinds. which I cut up
in small pieces In the hope
they will tarry awhile.
The black-capped chicka-
dee shows his appreciation
by bursting into song on my
window sill.
One spring. after an abb
sence OF several weeks. .
whole chickadee family re-
turned as II TO show the
fledglings where they might
be sure 10 lnd hospitality. /
was fully repaid.
Yours truly, A. B."
The fun Of watching the
birds never wears out.
One may grow tired Of
books. phonograph records.
reeitalS Of sporting events.
the news Of the day. and the
awful transgressionA Of the
children. but the birds ny
into our hearts and minds
without boring.
Happy creatures are they.
so long a. they get enough 70
eat.
It IL amazing. this link OF
hunger with the master race
OF man. The animals, the
birds and the insects. even
the fishes in the sea. respond
10 the call Of something to
eat.
Man. the mastermind. a.
he fondly calls himself. can
not get along without eating
Some have tried IT, st ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iOriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
SdtiOn.
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02
A. |. Studying
Insurance Plan

A group life insurance plan
was announced this week to
the membership of Anshei Is
rael under the sponsorship of
the United American Life In
surance Co.
In recognition of the need
for additional life insurance
for persons in the congrega-
ton the group life insurance
plan was presented with de-
tails having been worked out
by Perry C. Coll, member of
the congregation. Assisted by
J. c. Fruchthendler the pro-
posed plan, now in the hands
of the membership for ac-
ceptance, calls for the issu-
ance of a life insurance policy
without medical examination,
a non-cancellation clause due
to continued illness and/or old
age plus a number of other
specific benefits.
It is asked that enrolment
cards mailed to the congrega-
ton this week be returned to
the Synagogue office, 1901 E.
9th Street, as soon as possible.
Persons seeking additional in
formation are invited to call
the United American Life In
surance Co., POI N. Stone
Ave-, Main 2-8548.
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02

Women, Chapter GLIB and Des-
ert Chapter, handled the in
stallation.
other officers installed
were Fern Mandel, vice presi-
den; Beth Omansky, secre-
tary; Jerri Lee Friedman,
treasurer, and Karen Schill,
sentinel.
At recent mother and
daughter luncheon sponsored
by BIB Women chapters poem
and essay prizes went to Jun
iorettes Lois Eisenstadt, Es-
ther Rudis and Carol Ann
Maclane.
The Juniorettes meet at the
Center every other Monday at
7:45 pm. Girls of IL to 13
years of age are invited to
join.
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02

Chapter and two separate and
independent groups operating
under the Chapter. Each
group will have its own set
of officers and project chair
men.
The group-chapter plan has
been in effect in many of the
larger Hadassah chapters,
and the local chapter hopes
to expand its membership
and activities as a result of
the new plan. The Chapter
also hopes that it will be able
to hold one large fundraising
event early in the fall and at
that time sufficient funds will
be pledged to meet all of its
quotas for the coming year.
The original afternoon
chapter will be known as the
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02
Loscco Leading
Post Bowling

Vic Milstein's 246 topped
bowler s in the Arizona Post
league this week.
And Hank Green's $50 Sc
ries also was high. In results
this week LaScco took four
from B'nai Birth to take the
league lead; Feldman's Build
ers Supply won three from
Polly's Shoes; Ben Shein
Realty took three from Gold
berg's Market; Beacon Light
ing split with Charles Auto
Service and Peoples Furni-
ture split with Encanto Park
Drug.
Standings:
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02
RiShona Pioneer


Mrs. Meyer Rutz will speak
on current events on Israel at
a general meeting of Rishona
Pioneer Women May Z at
Cong. Anshei Israel at 1880
pm.
The public is invited and
refreshments will be served.
On May 10 a Saturday So
cial will be held at the home
of Mrs. Helen Singer, 1909
E. Circle Drive, at 1 pm. Mrs.
Sol Kamin, a frequent visitor
to Israel, will speak on 10
years of progress in Israel.
Winners at the recent Pho
neer Women's Bazaar were
Mrs. Minnie Mishkind, Necchi
sewing machine; Mrs. Tom
Cheney, quilt and Mrs. Morris
Rogin, electric frying pan.
Shevu Club
Mrs. Norman L. Tillim has
been elected president of the
Sheva Club of Pioneer Wom-
en- for the new term.
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02

Karen group, and the evening
group will retain the name OF
Midbar. Officers for the Mid
bar group have been elected,
and a partial slate has been
elected for the Karen group.
The chapter officers and the
remaining vacancies in the
Karen group will be filled by
an election May 20, prior to
the installation.
Nominations for the chap
ter officers are: president,
Mrs. Murray Shift; vice presi-
dent of Embarrassing, Mrs.
Leonard Weiner; vice presi-
dent of membership, Mrs.
Jack Nevins; vice president
of program, Mrs. Joseph
Kinds; vice president of edu-
cation, Mrs. Alex Weiss; par
Humanitarian, Mrs. Louis Co.
hen; treasurer, Mrs. William
Walker; financial secretary,
Mrs. Arthur Rauh; recording
secretary, Mrs. Otis Miller;
corresponding secretary, Mrs.
Jack Starr.
In the Karen group nomina-
tions are: president, Mrs. VIII
liam Levin; vice president of
Embarrassing, Mrs. David FRA
mer; vice president of pro-
gram, Mrs. Maurice Falkow;
financial secretary, Mrs. Sam
Tobias.
Elected at the last meeting
were: vice president of mem
bership, Mrs. N a t h a n
Schneck; vice president of ed
ucation, Mrs. Arthur Scheff;
treasurer, Mrs. Sidney KaderI
Ian; recording secretary, Mrs,
Richard Nobel; corresponding
secretary, Mrs. Sam Rich;
parliamentarian, Mrs. VIII
liam Davidson; chaplain, Mrs
Philip BesSerman.
Mrs. Philip Levin has beer
reelected president of the
Midbar group. Serving with
her will be the following Off
GERS: vice president of fund
raising, Mrs. Leon Blitzerj
vice president Of membership,
Mrs. Richard Goetz; vice pres
ident of program, Mrs. Al
bert Malls; vice president OF
education, Mrs. Wilfred Alter
treasurer, Mrs. Nathan Bow
en-; financial secretary, Mrs
Hyman Dunn; recording Secl
retary, Mrs. Lee Sachs; cori
responding secretary, Mrs
Irving Berger; parliamentary
ian, Mrs. Seymour Schulman3
chaplain, Mrs. Sam Grace.
Installation of all three sets
of officers will take place az
the installation luncheon
Tuesday, May 20, at 1915
pm. at the Desert Inn. Servi
ing on the arrangements com
mittee for the luncheon are;
Mrs. Larry Baggin, Mrs. Irvi
ing S. Berger, Mrs. Abraham
S. Fried, Mrs. Harold Kauf
man, and Mrs. William Levin
Serving on the progran
committee are: Mrs. JOSEPH
Kinds, Mrs. Richard II. Goet3
and Mrs. Norman Shapiro
Reservations must be made
by May 16.
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02
'''''',!j','i!'; ,O!j'x,'Yi!';d.;'1','izaf1ona/ Activities

Also elected were Mrs. Sam
Gordon. first vice-president;
Mrs. Marks Lemel, second
vice-president; Mrs. Joseph
Finkelstein, third vice-presi-
dent; Mrs. George Epstein,
financial secretary; Mrs.
George Papcum, recording
secretary; Mrs. Samuel Lef-
kowitz, corresponding secre-
tary; Mrs. Anne Kalish, treas
urer; Mines. B enJ a m l n
Strauss and Samuel Gold
stein, delegates to Council
with Mines Herbert Feig and
Eugene Spiegel as alternates.
Mrs. Sol Gruchik was hon.
ored as Woman of the Year
by members of the club. Mrs.
Gruchik is a charter member
of the organization and has
held many offices during the
past 10 years.
BIB JUnioreffeS
Dawn Yalen was installed
as president of B'nai Birth
Juniorettes, Chapter IA. BIB
The Arizona post., 1958-05-02
Hodossoh Re-Orgonizes;
Selects New Officers

The Tucson Chapter of Hadassah has voted to reogan
operate under the groupchapter pan has been
announced by Mrs. Murray Shift, chapter president
plan which will into effect this month COM
prses coordinating body which will be called the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22

! Hour. A filmed review Of his
10 Yeors on television. Moments
of high comedy and greet enter
toinment Vim be shown. tSee
Pooe 3 ----------
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
June n
5-LiFe With EIixobeth.

5-Life With Elizobeth.
Comedy series
7-Seienee Fiction Theuter.
o-The Search.
A new industrial reVolution--the
development of omozino mo-
chimes thot help men think.
6:25
9-News. Robert Trout.
$50
4-outlook. Chef Huntley.
5-Big Picture. Oromo.
7-26 Men. Western.
A crippled roncher tries to muir
der his brother and frome his
neiohbor. Iris Coffin.
9-Air Power.
"Pocific Pottern." Viii show how
American corrier-bosed dir power
wos used in 1894. tRepeot.l
TOO
4-Nooh's Ark. Color.
THE Mascot" A Marine SER
eeont foces the loss of his loyal
dog thot once soved his lite.
Paul Burke, Moy Wynn. IRE
peot)
5-PoFis Precinct. Crime.
7-Silent Service.
The Berpolls Revenge The
story of new torpedo and its
use oooinst Joponese petrol
croft.
9-loSsie. Dromo.
Uncle Petrie is blomed for filling
Timny's heed with nonsense. Jon
Provost, George Chondler
1880
4-No Warnine! Suspense.
"Finoerprints." An ex-Sovern-
ment espionage ooent on mis-
sion leorns his sons life depends
upon its success. Paul Stewert,
Lola Albright.
5-EFrol Flynn TheoteT. Dr'mo.
7-Moveriek. Western.
! Hour. "Comstock Conspiracy"
Bret joins mining engineer in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
WEDNESDAY

7:3o pm. WRc-4. Weson Train.
The troin finally arrives CT
its distinction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
$40

7-AdventuFe az Scott lslend.
Return to Trouble" n nan
presumed to be lost returns TO
find his partner hos token over
his business and his wife. Barry
Sullivan stors. tRepeot.D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
MONDAY

$50 pm. WRc-4. TV TheetsF.
BeSbesa Sssnwysk s1sas.
1000 pm. WToP-s. Studio One.
The Man Who Asked tor Q
Funeral."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
Ten TV Tips
For the Week

Here's the show LIST recon-
mended BY TeleVue's Critic
Bernie hoFFison.
SUNDAY
500 pm. WRc-4. Meet the Press.
President coreio Of the Phil
ippines.
500 pm. WToP-9. Cd Sullivan.
Tenth birthdoy shove re-
view, via film clips. Of high
lights
800 p.m. WRc-4. Edie Adams
Show. tPremisre.I Eide
shares steuins hoaoFs with
John Roitt and Dorothy
Kristen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
THURSDAY

$50 pm. WToP-s. Playhouse so.
The Greet Gotsby," with
Robert Ryon and Jeonne
!cnein.
1000 pm. WRc-4. The Prizes Is
Right. lkew tims-I BIN Gull
len, emeee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
SATURDAY

500 pm. WRc-4. Bob Crosby
Show. Nephew esFy end the
Fontane Sisters visit.
1000 pm. WAAAL-7. Mike Wei
loee Interviews. Sylvester
tPat) Weaver, former prssi-
dent Of MIC.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-22
300

teom RoAon and Mortin.
7-Boseboll Corner.
Behind the scenes look. feotur-
Inc news. trends, speciol lectures
and demonstration OF ployino
techniques. Buddy 6lottner. host.
Sunday Listinss continusd Nszt Psss
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08

some Government fields, like
for example in Navy yards
and Army installations,
where you have to get out on
a ship. or climb up and down
on various equipment. Wom-
en- are not accepted for jobs
like this, even though they
may be very good climbers.
I personally do not quarrel
with this"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08
NO

MRS. ESTHER C. LAYTON,
member Of classification and
wage administration staff,
Treasury Department: "Cate-
gorically. no. I won't even
plead the Fifth Amendment
on that one. I think there
are some very cogent rea-
sons why women are not
advanced--but there is no
use pretending they are. In
long range planning for a
position, I think an admins
traitor has to think about
the stability of an organiza-
ton. Women are likely to get
married if they are not, in
which case they may decide
to give up their careers. If
they are already married,
they are subject to being
transferred and changed if
their husbands are. If they
have families you can't de-
pend on their constancy of
attendance. I think an adj
mlnistrator, because these
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08

Retirement Board: mo, al
though ! do believe the pic
ture is changing. Women are
rapidly beginning to be rec
ognized first as human be-
ings, then as members of the
female sex. They are begin
ming TO be evaluated equally
for their qualities, not set in
a group apart. There are
still many areas, though,
where men refuse to recog-
nize this fact. Some people
still are governed by emo
tionally laden symbols like.
It's a mans world The role
a person has to play in life.
not his sex, should deter
mine the job he should get.
If a woman has to play the
role Of breadwinner and II
she is competent. then she
should be given the job. and
she should be paid for doing
it, the same as any other
wage Garner"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08

am Just q secretary now, but
there are quite a few women
who have advanced to better
positions. I would like to get
out of the secretarial field
some day, and I feel I will
have the chance, If I take
advantage Of the proper
opening. I didn't have this
in mind when I first started
to work, as to whether I
would take a job with the
Government or private busi-
ness. I think when you start
to work you do not know
you will work as long as you
do. so you don't think much
about getting the right job"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08
YES
MRS. MARIAN PEDRAzA,

MRS. MARIAN PEDRAZA,
executive secretary, Navy De-
partment Board of Civil Serv-
ice Examiners: I'm some
areas, yes. In the personnel
field. for instance, women
have more oppol tunities to
advance than they do in pri-
vate business. For one thing,
there are many more person.
mel jobs in Government. I
participated in a survey
made at Bryn Mawr College
on personnel needs in various
areas. I frankly was amazed
at the results. An industry
the same size as a Govern
ment bureau would have
about one-tenth as many
personnel people. Business
does not have to follow so
many regulations. In Gov
eminent we have to deal
with laws passed by Congress
and a great many Civil Serv-
ice rules and regulations.
All these mean more per-
sonnet jobs, and that means
more jobs for women"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08
BY FRANCES LIDE
Star star Writer

Pretty Jean Moroney, who
arrived from London only
last September, is learning
about the United States con-
siderably faster than most
newcomers.
You couldn't find a better
way, she says, to meet a good
crosS-section of Americans
than her job as hostess on
the railways recently in
Augurated five-star luxury
bus service.
Her run is from Washing
ton to Baltimore to New
York and back four days a
week.
In her trim uniform-red
suit and cap with black ac-
cessories-blue-eyed brunet-
tie Jean draws approving eyes
as soon as the passengers
spot her.
Her English accent does
the rest.
I'VE all stand at the front
Of the bus and make an an
nouncement when we start
out" she said. in describing
the routine followed by the
hostesses.
Then everybody wants to
know where I'm from. I
think people are a lot friend
lier here than they are in
England"
Home is In Manassas, Va,
with her sister Sheila whose
husband, Sergt. Henry Phil
lips, is in the Air Force.
Jeans mother came over
with her and they are stay
ing with Sheila until they
get used to the American
way Of doing things.
These Gadgets-
These gadgetsl" exclaim-
ed Jean. We'll probably get
q place of our own when we
get used to them" Even
things like can openers are
banning at first. she admitted.
She loves her job. though,
which she got quite by acci-
dent.
In London she was with q
wholesale fashion house,
where she did some modelling
and probably would have gone
in for modelling as a career
had she remained in England
She's also trained as q
PIX operator and was apply
ing for a Job in that field
when she first went to
railways.
The personnel people there
obviously recognize a pretty
girl when they see one and
Jean was soon signed up fol
training as a hostess.
Her duties are similar tc
those of an airline hostess
though the young Britishel
frankly prefers terra f1rma
I've flown only once-wher
we came over from England
I like a bus much better" she
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-08
CARER G1el
1858
Pretty Londoner
Sees u. S. by Bus
IN NEW HOSTESS ROLE

said firmly. TITS more inter-
esting, too. You can see
more!"
Her duties include serving
coffee. juices and doughnuts
or cookies in the morning;
beverages. sandwiches and
cookies at the lunch hour,
another light snack in the
afternoon - all from a tiny
galley at the rear of the bus.
She also provides pillows
and magazines for the pas
sengers, furnishe S electric
raZors on request (there's a
small rest room on the bus)
and warns up baby bottles
when very young fry are
aboard.
On her first solo trip, some
one had neglected to connect
the waste drain in the ice
compartment in the galley
and containers Of milk and
juices were floating about
when she opened the refrig-
orator door to check on her
supplies. she recalled.
Then the bus jolted a bit
and the water splaShed out
all over my uniform!" she re-
called.
Since then it's been smooth
sailing with virtually no
emergencies.
The hostesSes-there are Is
in the East-seldom have a
chance to say much more
than hello" and "good-by"
as they meet in passing.
Jeans schedule allows her
only a half-hour or so in New
York before she starts south
again.
And when I get back to
Washington. take a bus for
Manassas" she explained.
Her Orientation
AS part Of her orientation,
the company sent her on a
sightseeing tour of Wash
ington. She also was as
signed to the information