davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-23

Tunisians were encouraged
by Secretary of State Dulles
special emphasis last Tuesday
on the Mansfield amendment
to the Middle East Doctrine.
They point out that the State
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01

Trust Co.: Paul j. Settler
American Security and Trust
Co.; Gilbert Hahn, jr., Amram,
Hahn and Sundlun; and Fred
vinson, Reasoner and Davis.
Division chairmen in Trade
Group I are Bernard I. Nord-
linger, Division A professional
groups, schools, hospital and
welfare organizations); Jack
Patterson, Washington Post
and Times Herald, Division 3
fasSociations) Norman Far
quhar, Alex Brown and Sons
Division c blanks, brokers
building and loan, and insur-
ance); and j. c. Turner, first
vice president. Greater Wash
Iington Central Labor Council
(union headquarters), Divi-
sion E.
Division Chairmen in Trade
Group II are Admiral w. Orme
Hiltabidle, Charles H. Tomp-
kins Co., and Ben Sanford
Carpenters District Council
Division F construction indus
try; Ned Bord. Randall H
Hagner g. Co., Division G (real
estate and home builders: F
Eugene Richter. Missouri Paci.
nc Railroad. Division H (trans-
portation and storage); Foster
Quincy. Sheraton Park Hotel
Division I (hotels, clubs and
smusements); and Russell
Ainehart. ESQ Standard OH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
DAVID LAWRENCE
Fronkfurter on Desegregotion

period Of delay "a national
policy could definitely be
established and that new
laws could be tested so that
the people would know. the
people who want to obey the
final word"
But Justice Frankfurter.
while admitting that ma
tional policy doesn't mean
the same thing must take
place in Little Rock. Ark. as
in Pittsf1eld. Mass" con-,
tinued:
There was a national
policy and the Federal courts
recognized 1t. !. ! do not
understand what is meant
by saying Let's wait until
we get a national policy If
that isn't q national policy"
Attorney Butler tried to
explain that the School
Board was simply faced
with realities" and could not
have anticipated the reac-
ton of the public which en-
sued after the Supreme Court
decisions. Justice Frankfurt
ter ignored the point that
passing new laws to cope with
the "desegregation" problem
is a constitutional right of a
State and that there is a
right also to test the new
laws in the Federal courts.
Courts may not bow to vio-
lence, but neither may courts
take away q constitutional
right to try out q new law
that might meet the actual
requirements of the Consti-
tuition itself.
So far as the words "na-
tional policy" are concerned,
it is most unfortunate to see
any Supreme Court justice
using them when describing
Supreme Court decisions.
Court decisions are not ma
tional policies" It has long
been Northumberland af-
firmed by Abraham Lincoln
that Supreme Court deci-
sions are not literally the
law of the land" as is a
Federal statute, but simply
the Flaw of the case" This
means that in a future case
the Supreme Court might
reverse itself. For it is the
right of any State legisla-
ture to exercise its legisla-
tive privilege by enacting
new laws which in due time
can be tested and perhaps be
upheld by the Supreme
Court.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
Candidates 'Drufted'
By Kusper Group

LOUISVILLE, KY. Sept. /
(AP).-Retired Admiral John
q. crommelin of Montgomery,
Ala, was drafted Saturday
night as the presidential can
didate of the National States
Rights Party at a closed con-
vention.
Announcement Of the nomin-
alton was made by segrega-
zionist John Kasper, who said
the 100 delegates voted to draft
Millard D. Grubbs, Louisville,
as the party candidate for Gov
ernor Of Kentucky in the 1858
election.
Neither man had been in
formed Of the action. Kasper
SAID. No other officers were
named.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Pronouncemsnt you'll hear in the big indignation
battle Chief Justice Warren: II shall to Little Rock"
End pronouncement you won't hear. Gov. Faubus Il
disapprove of Chief Justice Warrens decision but will
defend to the death his right to make It,"
Khrushchev he'll discuss banning H-bombs. If he'll
Just concentrate power DAMS could call him the
Russian Red Kiiowatt-nstead of Ready Kill-a-lot.
Mamie motored the Eisenhower vacation in Newport
r. L. while Ike few The air lines may vote Mamie Esen
hover Mrs No Show" of 1885,
Russia claims she brought two dogs back alive from
outer space. Well it's start Eventually she may manage
to bring men back alive from Siberia.
Colegate ode Oh the coolest kind of scholarship is to
win dad with dolarshp.
BY the he timed his vacation it's obvious Ike
Congress in session more than Red China in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
rode Group Choirmen
Named for UGF Drive

Businessmen in the National
Capital area serving as volun-
teers ia the United Givers Fund
will work to raise $2,56O. 900
for more than 100 local and
national health and welfare
units when the 1858 UGF cam
paign opens October /.
!. George M. Ferris, ST., of Fer
wis and Co.. investors, Business
Unit chairman for the drive,
\ day announced the appoint
= vt of four corporation and
IT,, N group chairmen, who will
org,, we solicitation among the
area S,158 business and pro-
fesSiol. firms with eight en-
ployees \more.
Appoin chairmen were
Clarence y we, jr.. senior vice
president, 'eaver Brothers,
Inc. Corporation Group; Harry
Gladstein. circulation director
Washington Post and Times
Herald, Trade Group l.; w.
Franklin Morrison, executive
vice-president and manager,
First Federal Savings and loan
Association of Washington,
Trade Group II, and Reginald
H. Pledger. president Manhat-
tan Laundry, Trade Group III,
Team Captains Named
Team captains in the Cor
poration Group are James P.
Benfer, jr., Lincoln National
Bank; Justin D. Bowersock,
Union Trust Co.: Douglas r.
! Smith, National Savings and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
Supreme Court Decision IsNotLo

sions rocked the States back
on their heels in many areas.
Of which labor relations and
Federal regulation Of utilities
and industry were the most
notable.
II the South can restrain
its hotheads--as it was tragi-
cally unable to do in 1861
and defend the Southern po-
sition by an appeal to the
Constitution, the battle Of
Little Rock land Virginia and
every other Southern State
resisting forcible integration)
may not be fought in vain.
There is ample tradition, am
pie precedent at hand to back
up the South in the argu-
ment. Even though the case
must be presented before a
high court that has already
shown plainly its disdain for
States rights. nevertheless
the real decision will be made
in the court of public opin-
ion. No Supreme Court is
impervious to the decisions
Of the highest of all courts,
the people. 4..
1t is truly unfortunate that
the great constitutional issue
involved is obscured by the
emotional nature Of the cur
rent fight-racism. With RAJ
cial feelings aroused and Bit
terneSs replacing wisdom on
both sides and among white
and black alike, the danger
grows hourly that the real
merits of the case will be hid
den in a dirty cloud of hatred,
suspicion and invective.
The race question in the
United States will work itself
out in reasonable ways. If al
lowed to do so. No one, look
ing at the advances made by
the American Negro in the
80 years since the Civil War.
can doubt this. In less than
a century the Negro has come
from slavery, human bond
age, to a position of growing
dignity. opportunity, and ad-
vancement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Ediet on Schools Called an Invasion
OF States Rights in Most Vital Area

The entire history of the
United States has reflected
a continuing struggle be-
tween the advocates Of
Federal power and those who
seek to preserve the SOW
ereignty and integrity of the
States.
Today, as the United
States Supreme Court delib-
crates its proper course in
the matter of school segre-
CATION in Little Rock. the
issue is once again to the
fore-indeed, almost ais much
as it was in 1861 when the
Southern States were hold
ing Secession Conventions.
This time, of course, there is
no question of secession,
that business having been
well settled by the outcome
of the Civil War.
But in the present con-
text of things, there is OBJ
viously a massive resist
ance" throughout the South
to Federal interference with
State institutions. Through
out the development of the
public school systems in the
various States, there has
never been any serious ques-
ton that the States had the
responsibility for their own
school laws and admins
tration. A whole string of
previous Supreme Court de-
cisions seemed to have sup
ported that principle. and
State and local control of
education has been jealousy
guarded as an American
principle.
Yet the Supreme Court, in
its 1854 decision demolishing
the legal basis for segregated
schools. very plainly inter-
fered with the State control
Of schools by requiring each
State to conform to a new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
WILLIAM S. WHITE.
U.N. Will Miss old Pro- Munro

from the beginning has been
far more nearly similar to
the national parliaments and
congresses with which the
Western nations conduct
their domestic political af-
fairs.
Because this is so, the As
sembly requires the expert
enced skills of international
politicians-of men able, as
Leslie Munro has been, to
help build a series of bridges,
however shaky, between West
and East. There is great need,
in short, for U. N. pros much
as there is need in the United
States Congress for such pros.
Sir Leslie is such a pro.
Essential, too, for the fu-
ture health of the U. N. is a
sounder public awareness of
what it is and is not. A prop
uganda of truth is indicated.
And this job can hardly be
done except by men init
mately acquainted with the
institution-men fully aware
of its weakness as well as its
strength. Such a man, again,
is Munro.
For the organization suf-
fers from two opposite public
concepts. The extreme IDEAL
lists persist in regarding 1t as
a kind of infallible source
and ultimate Judge of all in
ternational morality. They
suppose that it can work mir
acles. And when it does not
as, of course, it cannot-they
are unduly disillusioned
with it.
The professional realists,
on the other hand, are deter
mined to see nothing what
ever that is good or sensible
in it. Neither side is any
where near right-but both
sides ought to be reduced In
number by education If the
U. N. is not at length to coll
lapse under the embrace Of
far too much and far too
little love.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
Sir Leslie, Also New ZeoIonds Envoy
To u. S., Leaves Both Jobs This Month

for the game. He is a "politi-
cal" rather than a career
diplomat. The Labor Party
now in control in New Zea-
land is not his party.
Thus, exit Sir Leslie Munro.
The nature of its repre-
sentation here is, of course.
solely the business of New
Zealand itself. From the
viewpoint of the U. N, how
ever, it surely could be said
to be unfortunate that Sir
Leslie must leave just now.
For the Assembly in which
he is so leading and knowl-
edgeable a figure-and over
which he presided in the re-
cent compromise solution of
the Middle East crisis-is be-
coming for practical purposes
the head as well as the torso
of the U. N. itself.
And it is also, by the way,
becoming something of an
operating agent for United
States foreign policy; we
tend to hand to the Assem-
bly, the problems we can't
work out on our own.
The Security Council is
officially the center of U. N.
power. But because of the
frequent use there of the
Soviet veto-a glum "nyet's
often heard-the Council has
become simply a great-power
committee of built-in stale
mate.
The Assembly, where little
nations sit alongside the big
ones, is the only reasonably
effective device left for reach
ing any sort of settlement
between West and East.
The Security Council from
the beginning has been in
fact a small club of the
giants. the home not of per-
suasion but simply of COM
peting power. The Assembly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01

Every political body
develops within its member
ship men who find them
selves exactly suited to its
work and unusually at home
in its atmosphere. Two
instrumentalities of which
this is markedly true are the
United States Senate and the
United Nations. is nio
There long has been a def
mite Senate type"-the sort
of Senator instinctively COM
Portable in that forum. cas-
lily able to Judge what can
and cannot be done there,
and thus always effective
in it.
tt ere is now a United
Nations type" And one of
these, Sir Leslie Munro, is
coming toward the end of a
long tour of duty in the
institution whose towers rise
so high along the East River
in New York.
Sir Leslie is a big, bear like
man with American grand
children-and a fondness for
the United States that is
almost, but of course not
quite. the fondness he has
for New Zealand itself. He is
first and foremost New Zea-
lands Ambassador to the
United States.
But he is also head of New
Zealand's delegation to the
United Nations and has been
president of its General
Assembly.
For six years a man of two
missions and two hats, he
has committed between his
Washington Embassy and
his New York ~. N. office.
This month he is retiring
from both posts and hanging
up both hats.
This he is doing calmly,
mellowly. with undoubted
regret but with full respect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01

Co.. Division J contractors,
supplies. architects and en-
gineers.).
Division Chairmen in Trade
Group III are Harold M. Coll
son, Woodward g. Lothrou, Div
ision K furniture, hardware.
housewares, machinery and ap-
plianceS); Harmon L. Elder,
Safeway Stores, Division L
floods, drugs. and beversges) :
Richard L. Lansburgh Raleigh
Haberdasher, Division NJ Cgen-
eral merchandise, apparel and
laundries); William C. Shell
ton, L. P. Steuart, Inc, Divi-
sion N (automotive dealers,
parts and garages.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01

Those critics who have
been inclined to be captious
about President Eisenhower's
diction-particularly the oc-
casional disorder Of some Of
his sentences in talking off,
the-cuff at press conferences
had better take q look at
one Of the impromptu COM
ments made last week by the
erudite Justice Felix Frank
furter, former professor at
the Harvard Law School and
a master of English writing.
The justice was under the
same handicap as President
Eisenhower. The stenogra-
pliers were taking 1t all down
verbatim. and there was no
chance to revise what had
been once spoken, 1t all hap
pened at that extraordinary
hearing before the entire
Supreme Court Of the United
States last Thursday when
the justice asked the Little
Rock School Boards attorney
a question. Here is exactly
how it appears now in the
stenographic record:
Justice Frankfurter: Mr..
Butler, why aren't the two
decisions Of this court, the
first one which laid down as
a constitutional requirement
that this court unanimously
felt compelled to agree upon,
and the second opinion recog-
nizing that this was a change
of what had been supposed
to be the provisions of the
Constitution, and recognizing
that and the kind of life that
had been built under the
contrary conception said, as
equity has also said, you
must make appropriate &C
commodation to the specific
circumstances of the situa-
ton instead of having a
Procrustean bed where every
body's legs are cut OF or
stretched to fit the length Of
the bed. and who is better
to decide that than the local
United States judges, why
isn't that a national policy?"
Despite the odd syntax,
there are some novel thoughts
expressed by Justice Frank
furter which are perhaps
more significant than if the
above sentence had been
carefully edited afterwards.
When Justice Frankfurter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01
Justice Criticized for Calling Decisions
OF Supreme Court National Policy

refers to two decisions" he
has in mind the one rendered
by the Supreme Court in 1854
saying that equal educational
facilities in separate schools
were inherently unequal"
and the second, in 1855, in
which the court ordered de-
segregation to take effect
with all deliberate speed"
Justice Frankfurter, in re-
ferring to the second decision,
speaks understandingly of the
recognition by the court of
the problems raised during
the transition period-from
segregation to non-segrega-
ton. But it is strange to hear
him say that "this was a
change of what had been
supposed to be the provisions
of the Constitution" The lay
man will wonder how any
spppositious provisions could
have ever been inserted in
the Constitution and why
suddenly what was plainly
written there is disregarded
by the court itself. For there
is no mention of education"
or schools" in the 14th
Amendment which formed
the basis for the Supreme
Courts decision.
There is, on the other
hand. an explicit provision,
known as the 10th Amend
ment, which is still a part
of the Bill of Rights and is
also presumably a national
policy" Under this Amend
ment, all powers not ex-
pressly given to the national
Government by the Constitu-
ton itself are reserved to the
States. Education has always
been supposed to be one of
the powers reserved to the
States"
Justice Frankfurter con-
ceded that you must make
appropriate accommodation
to the specific circumstances
of the situation" and then
went on to contend that
these two decisions of the
Supreme Court have become
"a national policy"
The words national policy"
originally were not Justice
Frankfurter's but those of
Attorney Butler of the Little
Rock School Board, who said
the people of Arkansas
thought that during the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-01

decision, one which reversed
previous decisions on the
separate but equal doctrine
that had long governed race
relations in the South.
A Supreme Court decision
is not legislation. II is inter-
probation Of the Constitution
and the laws, nothing more.
Yet a decision by the high
court certainly has the eff
feet of legislation. In the
present case. the court has
not only legislated, but has
reinterpreted the Constitu-
ton on grounds anyone can
suspect as dubious--sociology
rather than law.
What the quarrel in the
South and before the high
court really is is one of
Federal VS.. State rights in a
most vital area of public
responsibility. The question
Of racial segregation is Sec
ondary indeed. II the edicts
OF the Court can upset the
constitutional b balance be-
tween Federal and State
authority in the matter of
schools, they can also do so
in almost any other area. In
PLAIN words, the Supreme
Court can reduce the States
to meaningless political sub
divisions. with all sovereign
power vested in an all
powerful and ever more
bureaucratic Federal Govern
ment.
This process, of course, has
been going on for many years
in many fields. Its greatest
advance came In the palmy
days of the New Deal when
Franklin D. Roosevelt, de-
feated in his attempt to
pack" the Court, neverthe-
less won his point by waiting
for retirements and deaths to
make vacancies he could fill.
Then a whole series of
precedent : SCATTERING deci-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

PARKWO0D-Rxesl, a-bedrm. brick
rambler; lee, llv..din. comb all
ooRped w. ~ R sSIl sr%,A R..i.ss.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

RkS. MGR, Mr.. BOOTH
"a. 10000
SHANNON 4 LucHS CO.
MA. S-2345
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

BETHESDA Handsome bricl
splIt-level. uneaualed AZ s2e,50o
q bedrms, baths, bis famll,
rm. With picture windows, 81
Kin with dinette spaee. sAMuf |
:, oJ BooL LEY, 3. q .a once 40
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

BETHESDA = Brick and redwood
rambler with 2 bedrms.. / "a baths,
on main level; IN. out-of-ground
bsmt. with extra bedrm., study.
Y bath and paneled rec nm. all
mod. kit. S24. $50. GEO W.
ROBERTSON. Realtor. OIL. 2-2123.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

BETHEsDA-Immae. 3-bedrm brk
Colonial, mr.. Lourdes and Lynbrool
schools Good kit. full bsmt., y
bath. scr porch, wide lot, drive.
way, bic trees Sia.hOO SAMUEL
Z. BODILY or. ND. NC OIL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

SILVER SPRING-Lovelv spacious
3-bedIm, la-bath brick home on
$4,000 50 1T. OF wooded beauty,
cool screened porch and relaxing
rec rm.. off-street parking and
Ose V Ic oU down sno Ds sIans Tith
FILA or OF financing WATSON
A CO. III R-2000. 10 h-A0a0
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17

CHEVY CHAsE-SI7,95O: sensa:
tionai value, charming Cape Cod
on nice lot. Features lee. liv.. I'm j;
din, rm.: kit: . bedrms; bath;
attached earage; full bsmt, with
maids rm. and bath. call ARD
MORE REALTY CO., OIL. 2-7G30.
EveS OIL. 6-45ll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-17
IS CHOICE RENTALS
ARLINGTON

2 bedrooms IN syeamors 4,
3 bsdrooms tplit-N. an a., ti3S
. bedrooma, basement--N. s0th ~ )
8 bedrooms. . baths--N. aand TdS
. bedrooms. se,--E. soth st.. 5000
90 otbers-cali u. s.s020 70 sec.
Joseph w STAY CO. lis ".
Broad g., Palla Church. Va.
coLoRED-aOs MORTON st. NV.
20 rms. klt and bath; gas b
ADULTS, ,oNLY s37 iSg' KpMuNn
1901 Eye a. nv.
coL0RKD-I5ai Z ST. s.E.-va.
cant, s-story brick. y fma. and
ban neE saa IT. ssb mo. Cal
c0L0Rgp--DowNrowN, 18th St
n.W.--bricki rms, bath, OIL
burner. h..wh.; completely re-
Dec prefer adults OF settled fam
X 81 NV M. s .oS5s. =. i0i'
cOL0RED-30 DEFREEs 81. NV
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A. M-1ONas
c0L0RED-50 NEW YORK AVE
Nj rms, and bath; $50 so
NJ y. SMITH. 1923 Vermont ave
nv. pf. 7-7e77, RE. 6-3loO.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
s Hoa s bixIR R h re. ER' s EsS b
coLo ossII SII1,n 1919 4 = 49,. 81
very lge. I'd: 1880, DIXIE RE
Atty Co, Ma. S-SSSl.
c0LORED-5 RHODE ISLAND
AVE. NE. nr. N. Capitol SIT
rms. and bath; oil heat; full bsmt
AL cond Only sos mo. Mr.
NEUMANN, Ma. S-650O.
coLoRED--4th AND N. II. NV
spotless S-fm brick: concrete
front porch; bsmt.i detach. gar
Tfu' $1,000 Ju. s-s477
coLoRBD-vAcANT
RENT AND BUY
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1 Mod Colonial brick. 3 rms. !
porehes, Ia baths, bsmt.. detach
PUT YOUR RENT DOLLARS