davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
DORIS FLEEsoN

BY error or design, the
Atomic Energy Commission
released an inaccurate report
on nuclear testing which, if
true. would have rendered
futile any nuclear disarma-
ment agreement with the
Soviet Union.
This became known here
when the Acc was forced to
correct the statement it had
issued. The correction came
only after independent testi-
mony contradicting 1t was
given to the Senate Foreign
Relations Subcommittee on
Disarmament and to the Joint
Committee on Atomic Energy.
The central question of any
nuclear disarmament agree
! ment is whether effective
policing can be had of a ban
on testing. If such policing
cannot be had. no disarma-
ment agreement is worth any
thing.
Thus the Acc error" is of
monumental importance to
the world. It's timing was
crucial, because disarmament
negotiations looking toward
q summit meeting are in
progress.
1t raises a further question
scarcely less momentouS.
This is the question of the
character of the information
which actually reaches Pres
tdent Eisenhower.
If it was just an error, it
was q staggering beaut. If it
was by design. the explana-
ton offered will have to be
another staggering beaut. In
any event, it curled WASH
ington's rapidly thinning
hair.
What happened was this:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13

Up to now most political
observers have felt that the
economic situation would be
the principal issue in the
coming congressional cam
paign and that. uMess con-
ditions improve substan-
TALLY. the Republican Party
would lose heavily.
But this may prove wrong.
There is q different issue
which could conceivably be-
come paramount and drive
the Democrats from control
Of both houses. It Is an issue
involving the integrity Of
labor unions, and It is re-
lated to the refusal Of the
Democratic Party in Con-
gress to permit legislation to
be enacted which will safe
guard the dues paid by the
workers Of America into the
treasures Of the unions.
Financial integrity or cor
ruption has often transcribed
other issues in politics. It
could do so again. For there
is at least $500 million paid
into unions as income every
year. and there are about
10 million workers who con-
tribute that big sum an
nually out of their pay
envelopes.
For several weeks now the
Senate committee investigat-
ing rackets has been ex-
posing the misuse of union
dues by various union officers.
Many union leaders, them
selves honest, have deplored
such misuse. But neverthe-
less, the objections to legisla-
tive action have not been
removed, and 1t Is doubtful
whether q single corrective
measure will be passed by the
present Congress, despite the
pleas Of Representative
Joseph w. Martin, Repub-
lican leader, and several Of
his colleagues demanding
such action.
The cry has been raised
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13

ready target" to locate and
bring under fire, the Army ex-
planned.
There are three 280-mm. can
non battalions in Europe and
one in Korea, according to pre-
vious official Army and United
Nations announcements.
Unoficially, it has been esti-
mated there are eight such
battalions in Europe and at
least two in the Far East.
There are six guns in each bat
talon.
The Belvoir decoy is made of
rubber-coated tubing, an air
mattress and a cover cloth. It
can be transported collapsed
in a canvas carrying bag.
The Army said only a limited
amount of anchoring is needed
to hold the long barrel steady
in a wind. The decoy, 1t added
can be set up or removed in q
relatively short time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13

The United States will have
the realization Of having put
forth a very stable effort to
bring peace and prosperity to
Korea, If the Communists
ever carry out the terms Of
the armistice and permit
elections on a free and demo-
cratic basis to reunify that
tragic land.
Through 1857, American
aid to South Korea has to-
tailed almost SIS billion
for the rehabilitation of the
battered Korean economy,
exclusive of military commit
ments. The International
Cooperation Administration
alone has poured $1,084,182,-
900 into economic assistance
to Korea: American Mill
tary Government, the United
States Army Korean Civil
Assistance Command, and
United States contributions
to the United Nations Korean
Reconstruction Agency make
up the remainder.
It is difficult for anyone
who has not seen with his
own eyes the extent of Com
munist destruction in the,
territory of the Republic Of
Korea to realize how very
necessary this United States
assistance was. If we remem-
Der that the initial onslaught
of the North Korean agrees
sion carried destruction far
south of Seoul, the capital,
and wrecked almost every
thing in its path, we could
get some idea Of the job that
had to be done. But we must
add to that the inevitable
destruction that went along
with the UsN. effort to get
back the lost ground. Rail-
roads were put out of action
by steady pin-point bomb
ings. The Korean railroads,
really quite efficient for an
otherwise undeveloped ma
ton, were in effect destroyed.
Bridges were knocked out,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
Writer Recalls Being Put on the Spot
BY Personal Queries on TV Proqrom

question because it is not
mentioned in the book, and
requires more extensive and
precise elaboration than is
possible on a program deal
ing with sundry subjects.
But when the program
opened I realized that. like
the fly, I had walked into the
spiders parlor.
This program is prepared
by research into the victims
"dossier," compiled from
what has been published. as
fact or rumor, taking out
whatever is calculated to
cause the greatest embarrass-
ment. All the questions are
variants of when did you
stop beating your wife?" And
there is no area of ones life.
public or private, that is of
bounds.
The object is to put some
well-known person on the
hot spot and see II he can
wriggle of. One is in worse
position than before a con-
gressional committee. There
is no constitutional amend
ment one can invoke.
Thus, / was told what
someone had said about the
reason for the dissolution of
my marriage to the late SIN
clair Lewis, and asked to con-
firm or deny it. At that point
I wanted to rise and leave.
Mr.. Lewis is no longer alive.
and under no conditions
would ! discuss such a deeply
personal and private matter
before an audience OF mil
lions. Mr.. Lewis was ex-
tremely reticent about his
y private affairs, a reticence
I respected during his life
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
DOROTHY THOMPSON
In Defense of Randolph Churchill

time and posthumously. and
practiced myself.
But this form of inquisition
has one coming and going.
If one walks off, the impress
sion is created that there is
something to hide" If one
loses ones temper, the au-
dience delights at indications
that the victim has been
clicked on the raw" There
is nothing to do but to main
tain all the poise, dignity
and humor one can COM
mand, and answer rude ques-
tions casually and briefly.
Despite my request to avoid
one question, it was brought
up in a peculiarly malicious
and contemplate manner. I
was asked, apropos my we'll
known views on the national
danger Of making "favorite
nations" Of whatever race or
religion, whether it was not
true that I was "anti-Jewish"
An equation too stupid to
merit a response. I said it
was stupid and quoted Mark
Twain, who said the last and
wittiest word on the Jewish
question"
Afterward a friend on the
staff Of the New Yorker con-
graduated me on my "per-
Torrance" but asked, "Why
didn't you punch that guy in
the nose?" I haven't punched
anyone since I was 10. Mr..
Churchill did, verbally.
But I recalled the dictum
Il think Justice Cardozo's
THE primary human right
and the one most cherished
by civilized men is the right
to be let alone matters
that may be personally pain
full and are certainly private
Nor should any inter-
viewer prejudice a solicited
opinion before 1t is ex-
pressed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
DAVID LAWRENCE
On Safeguarding Union Funds

strongholds revealed q res
sentiment vote at that time
because Of the administra-
tons failure promptly to lift
controls on meat after World
War II had ended. So an
issue which affects the big
city vote can be adverse to
the Democrats and cause
them to lose their majority
in Congress.
Perhaps the most dramatic
illustration Of the power Of
the labor-union vote when it
is lined up against the union
bosses was given in the Ohio
election in 1850 when the late
Sen ator Taft. Republican,
swept the State, notwith-
standing the intensive cam
paign against his reelection
waged by labor leaders who
pointed to the Taft-Hartiey
Act Of 1047 as being inimical
to labor. Ohio union mem
bers and their families con-
sidered Bob Taft q good leg
islator and not an enemy Of
legitimate labor unions. He
won by q 100000 majority
larger than ever before.
The total number of per-
sons unemployed in America
today is not enough by itself
to swing a national congress
sional election. But fear that
labor-union dues may be in
part going down the drain
through misuse by union
bosses could do so. For it is
the many millions Of en-
ployed workers who will be
primarily concerned a bout
this issue in the next cam
paign.
Unless there is legislation
to protect the integrity Of
union dues, the Democrats in
many Northern districts will
have to face criticism in the
coming campaign. They will
have to meet the charges that
many members of Congress
may themselves have become
so beholden to union bosses
through campaign contribu-
tons that they decline to
press for action on remedial
laws.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13

Sometimes a columnist
likes to take a day OF and
comment on something other
than conditions, situations.
and reactions" So I hereby
remark that I was hugely
amused by Randolph Chui CHI
ills table-turning on John
Wingate's might Beat" last
week, and that my sympa-
thies were (for once) wholly
with Mr.. Churchill, who re-
fused to discuss his family.
I unwittingly got roped into
that program some weeks
ago. A book Of mine had
appeared and my publishers
had urged me to accept re-
quests for radio or television
appearances that might help
promote 1t. So, although I
am an overworked woman. I
agreed to appear on several
programs, one being Might
Beat"
I had never seen the show.
At that hour If at home, I am
usually in bed, or enjoying a
quiet conversation with my
husband, or with friends who
may have dropped in. Admit
teddy, / am not a TV fan. I
watch only . few Of the bet
ter dramatic programs, and
follow those Of real news
value.
AS in Mr.. Churchill's case.
I was visited by a "leg mar"
10 discuss the topics to be
brought UP. thought that
I would be interviewed, and
suggested as themes two or
Three essays in The Courage
70 Be Happy" (my book
that had awakened con-
siderable interest. I specifi-
cally asked not to be inter-
viewed on the Arab-1sraeli
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Varied Programs to Help Free Nation
Wrocked by War Total SIS Billion

tunnels blocked, grades ripped
up, trackage twisted and
ruined, marshaling yards.
stations and facilities clob-
bered.
AL that the current aid
program is trying to do is
to raise the low Korean
standard Of living to an ap-
Proclamation Of its 1949-50
level. To do that, a minimum
essential has been the res
toration of the Korean
transportation system, as a
basis for the expansion Of
industrial and agricultural
production. Before the Com
munist attack, Korea had a
very adequate system Of
electrical power, q system
built by the Japanese in the
long years of occupation. The
potential for industrializa-
ton existed through the
availability of power, and
prior to 1850 the republic
was proceeding in a planned
and orderly way to lay the
foundations for a necessary
degree of industrialization.
Unfortunately, however, most
of the power sources were in
the area seized by the Com
lnunists, north of the 38th
Parallel, and there was no
disposition on the part of
the Reds to aid in the in
naturalization Of the free
Republic of Korea.
The steps taken since the
armistice to rehabilitate the
South Korean economy have
involved a bewildering vari-
ETY. Of projects. Residents of
the Los Angeles area would
be surprised, for example. to
see a familiar sight in the
streets Of Seoul--the clean,
efficient, bright-yellow street.
cars that once cruised the
streets Of Southern Califor-
mia, and which were replaced
as obsolete by the snarling.
bouncing buses that have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
Democrats Believed Risking Boomerang
Unless Curb on Corruption Is Enacted


that only a small number of
union officials have been
found to be implicated in
wrongdoing. But 1t is also
true that only q small num-
Der Of citizens each year Is
engaged in fraudulent trans
actions Of any kind. The pur-
pose of the enactment of
criminal laws is to prevent
misconduct by the few.
Millions Of housewives who
vote have been reading about
the misuse Of union dues.
They are deeply concerned
that these funds be utilized
for legitimate purposes. The
recent hearings by the Senate
committee show how loose in
many instances is the present
handling Of union funds by
the unions.
More votes throughout the
country may be cast against
these improper practices next
fall by union members and
their wives than by non
union people who are not af-
fected. For it is the money
of the union man which is
not being given the protec-
ton that President Eiseu-
how r and his aides have rec
commended shall be given to
union funds, especially those
contributed for pensions and
retirement benefits.
Where integrity is con-
cerned, there isn't much said
aloud in election campaigns.
but, thanks to the secret
ballot, union members ex-
press themselves quietly at
the polls against corrupt
practices. Most Of the union
lied employees work and live
in urban centers. which
usually send Democrats to
Congress. In 1916. when the
Democrats lost control of
both houses of Congress in
the middle of the Truman
administration, it was the
city vote which caused the
defeat Of a number Of Demo-
cratic members of the House.
The normally Democratic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
Error in Report, Thot Atomic Explosions
Could Be Hidden Called Momentous

In order to establish
whether policing of under
ground nuclear explosions
was feasible, the Acc ex-
ploded a small atomic bomb
in an abandoned mine in q
Nevada mesa. The official
Acc report Of the explosion
March 6 declared:
1.-THE earth waves were re-
corded at chronological sta
tons at Los Angeles, about
$50 miles airline from the
shot mesa. This was the
maximum distance at which
the shock was recorded" The
statement was handed re-
porters and sent to the Joint
committee. IS
But on January II last, a
responsible scientist connect
ed with the weapons test.
speaking in the presence of
high officials Of the Acc,
though not the commission
ers, had reported to the joint
committee in executive ses-
sion that SeiSmological shock
waves from the test were
picked up in Berkeley, Calf,
400 miles away: in College.
Alaska, 1920 miles away, and
in other places.
Senator Hubert Humphrey
Of the Senate Disarmament
Subcommittee has revealed
that Harold E. Staten, for
mer disarmament adviser to
the President, had reported
that the very small nuclear
shot" in Nevada was detected
by every seismic instrument
within 1000 miles.
1t was Senator Humphreys
investigation of the contra
diction which produced the
Acc retraction five days late.
Members Of the joint COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-13
Army Has
Decoy for Big
Atom Common

Army Engineers at Fort Bel
voir, Va, have developed a de-
coy 280-mm. atomic cannon to
help in the combat protection
Of the nations largest field
artillery weapon.
Called the ugly duck" the
decoy, an inflatable device, is
painted and treated to give it
the same color and infra-red
radar refectant characteristics
Of the real cannon.
In combat. the atomic can
non would be concealed and
the decoy erected nearby to
provide the enemy with q
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14
cOMENTAN
- viene de la Pag. s =

can y por 10 tanto en- nombre de
montanas de martires caidos por
defender la dignidad y libertad de
Cuba debemos urlrnos no solamen-
te para lmpedirlas, sine para ex-
terminar a TODD Ell sistema tiranico
de BatiSta, Ventura, Pillar Garcia,
Santiago Rey y tantos otros asesi-
nos y vende-patrias que deben pa
gar sus crimenes y culpas.
No hay mas salida en- Cuba que
la lnsurreccion para realizar des-
pues la revoluci6n desde ell poder.
Por la REFORMA AGRARIA,
NATURALIZATION DE EN-
PRESAS PUBLICAS, SERVICIO
MILITAR OBLlGATORIO, CA
RRERA ADMINISTRATIVE, MA
RINA MERCANTE, POR UNA GU
BA LIBRE Y DEMOCRTICA,
CONTRA TODAS LAS DICTADU-
RAS, POR LA LIBERTAD DE
AMERICA, UNiDOS VENCERE-
MOS.
Limo Elias, Tony Garces, Gior.
dano Hernandez, Javier Gomez,
Mario de la Tore, Arturo Muhoz,
Antonio Ruiz del Vizo, Maria La
horde, Hector Rodriguez.
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14
~CUESTIONES POLITICAS

AL cierre de esta edicion Sc esta-
ran reuniendo en- la casa del DR..
Ramon Grau San Martin, los Jefes
p~rovinciales y municipales de Ma
tanzaS, del Partido Autentico ms
cripto, para ratificar SUI apoyo al
DR.. Grau en- SUI aspiration presi-
dencial y exponer las necesidades
de cada uno de los municipios pa
"a incluirlos en- la plataforma de
goblerno.
Por otra parte, los Directories
politicos pro-Rivero Agiiero cons
tituidos en- los Ministerios y otros
departamentos del gobierno y for
mado por funcionarios y amplea-
dos, anunciaron que celebraran
una concentration de la Coalici6n
Progresista Nacional, en- ell sta
dunn de La Habana, ell proximo
dia 8 de Julio en- respaldo a la
candidatura de Rivera Aguero,
Presidente, CASTOR Godoy Vice,
Rafael Guas Inclan para Alcalde
de La Habans y Francisco Batista
para Gobernador.
En- ell Partido Nationalist Re-
v%olucfonario que dirige Jose Pardo
Llada continna la pugna sobre la
asistencia o no a los comicios, ha-
biendo declarado Aramis Taboada
y Mario Rivadulla, que es precise
movilizar ell partido con vista a los
comicios. Pardo Llada declare por
su parte, que para que las eleccio-
mes reSulten aceptables, deberan
concurrir todos los sectores intere-
sados en- la solucion nacional Y que
nj Ell Tribunal Superior Electoral
nj ell Poder Executive nj ell Congre-
so han dictado medidas encamina-
das a incorporar los sectores abs
tencionistas a una consulta popu-
lar de cuya celebration no esta
SECURE. Termino diciendo que iran
a las elecciones 81 las mismas son
democraticas.
Ola DEL CAMPESINO
En- ell Ministerio de Agriculture
Sc informo que ell dia 20 de Sep
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14
Amistad l~nieramericana
Argentina Expresa
Apoyo q Iniciativa
Tomuda por Brasil

WASHINGTON, JUNO 10 CUPID
La repdblica argentina, por
intermedio de SUI embajador en-
esta capital Cesar Barros Hurtaao.
expreso SUI apoyo a la i~niciativa del
Presidente de Brasil, Juscelino
Kubitschek, de propiciar que Sc
reafirme la amistad interamerica-
ma.
Barros Hurtado dijo a la United
Press International, que ell Presi-
dente Arturo Frondizi We con "pro.
funda satisfaction" la idea de XII
bitschek.
La declaration del Embajador
Sc considera en- esta capital como
un nuevo paso en- ell canine hacia
la consolidation de los vinculos
entire Argentina y Brasil. Su tex.
to Sc da a continuation:
"Quiero destacar, tai como 10
destaco ell Presidente Frondizi.
en- Itamaraty, durante SUI vista a
Rio como presidente electo, aue
hay una comunidad de anhelos en-
tire ambos gobiernos para acentuar
la necesidad de un programa de
autentico acercamiento entire todos
los pueblos de America. En- aque.
lila oportunidad, ell Presidente
Frondizi INDIGO las lineas genera.
les de los nuevos esquemas politi-
cos y econ6micos necesarios para
tai fin.
"Por esa razon, ell gobierno ar
gentino We con profunda satisfac-
clon la idea del Presidente ku-
bitschek acerca de la revision de
la politica en- favor de la mayor
compression entire los paises de es
te hemisferio, politica que con
gran acierto esta siguiendo Esta-
dos Unidos.
Con r~eferencia a la carta del
Presidente Kubitschek, al Presi.
dente Eisenhower, ncsotros no
tenemos sino que expresar nuestra
amplia solidaridad con los gestos
elogiosos ~dedicados a la caballero-
sidad del Vice Presidente Richard
M. Nixon.
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14

Mons. Alfredo Muller, bendijo la
piedra. Hicieron uso de la palabra
Ell Director de la Casa de Benefit
cencia DR., Julio C. Portela, ell Pre-
sidente de la Junta de Patronos,
DR.. Jose Ignacio de la Camara y ell
General BatiSta. BESIDE La Habana
del Este sc trasladaron al lugar
donde esta instalada ahora la Be-
neficencia de San Lazaro y Belas-
coain, colocandose en- ese lugar la
primera piedra del edificio del
Banco NacionaI que Sc levantara
ALI. Despues de la lectura del acta
y otraS ceremonies, hicieron uso
de la pslabra ell Presidente del
Banco Nacional DR.. Joaquin Marti-
nez Saenz y Ell Presidente Batista,
destacando ambos la importaoncia
del Banco Nacional y del acto que
Sc celebraba,
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14
MANDA1oRIA

terrog6 a los iurados. Sc indico que
tres de ellos habian votado que Sc
recomendara benevolencia. Para
este sc reouiere Of voto de Ia ma
yoria.
FL condenado Piccott, escucho
sin conmoverse la lectura del We
redicto. Habia aducido un estado
de locura, como eximente de su
repugnante crimen, pero Ell DR.. ia
mes L. Anderson, de Miami, Siquia-
ira nombrado por Ell tribunal, de-
claro que Ell acusado estaba cuer-
do y era completamente response
bic de sus actos.
FL teniente fiscal del estado.
John Achor, pidi6 Ia pena de muer
to para Ell acusado, porque este
hombre es una amenaza para la
sociedad; esta mas ALA de toda
rehabilitation.
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-14
cIAITEcIc
IBEROAMERIcA On
DIN EOIO
(Viene de la PrImera)

Nacional (UDN), principal oposi-
tor del actual gobierno.
Braca, de 81 amos, r~epresentaba
en- la Camara Federal a Rio ia
metro. En- 1887 fuc Ministro de
Agriculture del gobierno de Getu-
lilo Vargas, y al producirse ell gol.
pc que dio origen al "Estado No
vo" fue ell dnico ministro que re-
nuncio por no compartir la idea.
Sus funerales sc .realizaron esta
tarde, en- ell cemsnterio de San
Juan Bautista.
ACUERDAN SOBRE DEMANDA
POR DANOS
NUEvA YORK, CUPID. - Ell
doctor Mariana Arcaya y Ell ex
Consul General de Venezuela, Del
fin Enrique Paez, llegaron a un
acuerdo en- ell juicio que habia mi
ciado Ell primero, por reparaciones
de danos que estimo Sc lie causa-
ron con la exhibition en- ell Consul
lado General de su pals, de ciertos
recortes de prensa en- que Sc for.
mulaban cargos en- su contra.
Ell anuncio del acuerdo entire
ambos l~itigantes fue dado a co.
nocer en- un aviso publicado en- pc.
ri6dicos locales, en- el que Sc d.
ce que Paez pagar& Ia suma do
cinco mil d6lares, por costos lssa-
les y desembolsos incurridos por
Arcaya en- relaci6n con 81 hecho.
Los dos litigantes firmsn Ia de-
elaracion respective.