davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
POr oREsTE PLATH

Los indios de America rem
dian quito al aqua, a la que con-
sideraban como elemento fecun'
dante de la TERRA, y la represen-
taban por una cruz grie5a, es
decir, de cuatro lineas iguales,
cuyo emblema Sc observa en- mu-
chos monumentos de los tlempos
anteriores a la Conquista.
Los indios araucanos contaban
con I'm senior de las aguas, ell
"Gencovunco", mito que ellos
consideration como Ell productor
de las aguas minerales y de Sus
beneficios; otro de los mitos era
ell "Tren.Tren', Gina de los &C.
rros inaccesibles a las aguas del
diluyio universal. "Tren-Tren"
encarnaba la tradicion del di-
luvio. ESta trsdicion dice que
una serpiente de nombre "Tren-
Tren" avis6 a los mapuches que
otra serpiente, "Caicaivilu'', ira
maba la determination del ge-
nero hdmano, levantando ell mar.
Entonces, parte' de los antepa-
sados assemble a la cumbre del
cerro, y "Tren-Tren" hizo subir-
10 a MEDIA que sc elevaban las
aguas. De esta manera Sc saliva
ron los refugiados, mientras los
demas fueron convertidos en- Pc
ceS.
Los mapucheS, ignorando las
corrientes aereas personanlflca-
ron este fenomeno atmosferico
en- ell mito del "Meulen": un es-
piritu algo travieSo, pero por 10
general benefico a los hombres,
y que producia columns de
polvo, hoias y aqua.
Los indios acostumbraban a
invocar al dios "Meulen", senior
de los torbellinos, antes de en-
trar al rio, y lie hacian regalos
de diversos objetos, los cuales
eran arrojados sobre la super
ficie del aqua, siendo motive de
algeria y suerte 81 sobrenadaba
ell regalo, y presagio de desgra-
cias 81 Sc iba al fondo.
En- ell concepto mapuche, los
pozos y fuentes tenian sus cui-
dadores y conservadores, en- for
ma de sapor (Aremeo); las olas
y ell bramar del mar eran eau.
sados por Ell "dueno del mar,
Ell "n~ull-null"o "Chungungo'' les
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Ell Aqua EN- La NITOLOGIA ARAUCANA

pecie de nutria marina}; en- los
lagos reinaba como un Neptu.
no araucano ell "Shompalhue Gal.
ma creSpa), que de vez en- GUAM
do Sc rohaba una nina mapu.
che para hacerlo su mujer, in.
demnizando a los parientes de
ella con una buena partida de
pecaS, que empuiaba a la orilla.
Pertenecen, ademas, a la mi.
tologia araucana, y tambien en-
relaclon con ell aqua, ell "Niri-
vilu', reptil con cabeza de zorro
que vive en- ell aqua y envuelve
a las personals en- su enorme CO.
la para mantenerlas retenidas
en- ell fondo del rio; ell 'Trel.
que" o "Trelquehuecuvii", LA.
mado "Manta' o 'Cuervo' por los
%ehilenos, tiene forma de cuero
de vaca u oveja, bordeado de
unas afiladas, envuelve Y ahoga
a los que cruzan ell aqua o Sc
banan: ell "Camahueto", mons
truo de que Sc sirven las bru.
jas en- SUI trayecto hacia ell bu-
que fantasma llamado "Caleu-
che.
Ell "Caliuche" es un buque que
tiene la propiedad, cuando las
CIRCUMSTANCES 10 exigen, de con-
vertirse en- I'm tronco, en- una
roca o en- otro objeto cualquie-
ra, y sus tripulantes, en- lobos
marines o en- ayes acuaticas; ell
"Caballo Marino", representa-
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
DOMINGO, 9 DE MARIO DE 1858

cion de las olas encrespadas del
mar. Su canine es la superficie
del mar y CORE como en- alas
del viento; la Serena" (Sirena),
que habita no solo en- ell mar 81.
no tambien en- las lagunas y aun
en- los pozos, donde Sc Ia ha Wis.
to peinar su dorado y abundosa
cabellera; la "Pincoya" es una
eSpecie de nereida o hada de
mar, que en- compahia del "Pin.
coy, SUI esposo, atrae abundan.
cia de peces y mariscos hacia ell
sitio o paraje del mar donde am.
Dos habitan. Ell sslir de la "Pin-
coya" a la orilla o treparse So
bre una roca es indicio de abun-
dancia de pesacado o marisco
en- aquel Sitio; ell "Cuchivilu'',
anibal semejante a un cerdo,
que vive en- cuevas ocultas, de
donde sale a banarse en- las CO.
rrientes. Cuando esta debajo del
aqua, gruhe como los cerdoS,
"cur, cur, cur, anunciando la
eorta vida del que pasa en- esos
momentos a su lado; y ell "Hual-
lepen' o "Hualipen', fuerte owe
ia anfibia muy bravo, fuerte y
hurana. Cubre sorpresivamente
a las ovejas y a las vacas, y en-
gendra en- elias hijoS de la mis-
ma especie de las madres, pero
que Sc senalan por tener TORCH
das las patas, y a veces tambien
ell hocico.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
Program Listings

oecidentIy kills O man in the ring
and tokes O transforming tour
of South America to try to forget.
JOCK Polonce. Robert Mitchum
7-News. Weather. Sports.
McCoftrey. Allen. Pickett.
9-News. Weather. Sports.
Richords. Douglas. Daniels.
l1:15
4-Weother. Sports.
Strinoer Simpson
o-The Lote Show. Movie.
Ia Hours. "Red River" 1913.
John Wayne, Joonne Dru.
l1:2O
4-Som and Friends. Arnold.
7-Promenode. Jerry Strong.
Hour. Live local donce show.
Ginger POLES sings.
1870
4-Toniqhf. Jack Poor.
IA Hours. Guests: GeneiviVe
koy BolIord.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
FRIDAY

1870
1.-The Lords Prayer.
1880
5-ThOusht for the Day.
9-Lote. Late Show. Movie.
Ia Hours. Convicted Woman"
Glenn Ford. Rochelle Hudson.
loo
4-InspiFotion.
600
9-Meditotion. Weather.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
Feb. 7
e-Mr. Adams and Eve.

Howard Adoms senses more than
foncied danger when he crosses
hioh-flyino tropeze artist who
oppeors to have fallen In love
with Eve. Ida Lupino. Howard
Duff, Nick Dennis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

$50
4-The Thin Man. Comedy.
An Psychologist woeers he con
steel his own priceless fiourine
from under the nose of Nick
within | z hours. Peter Lowford,
Werner KIemperer..
5-Whirlybirds. Adventure.
Homicide Hoven." Kenneth To-
hey. Croio Hill.
7-PotEice MunseI Show.
Guests: Cesar Romero. Corol
Honey.
9-SchIitz Playhouse.
Heroes Never Grow Up" A
fleeing moment of glory fingers
on and O mon is unwilling TO live
in the present. Done Clark, Bor-
boro Turner, Alex NicoI.
1000
4-Sports CovoIeode.
POOL Rosi vs.. Joey Lopes. 10
rounds. Liohtweiohts. Madison
Square Gorden.
5-Woterfront. Drama.
"Fomily Problems" Preston
Foster.
7-WoIter WineheIl File.
Walter WincheIl. host and story
teller.
9-The Lineup. Police.
THE Somuel Bradford Cose."
-complicote O robbeY-murder
cose. Worner Anderson, Tom
TuIIy.
1880
5-lf ! Hod A Million
t2eruns Of the MilIionoirel
7-Seo Hunt. Adventure.
The underwater investigator dis
covers two men trapped in q
flooded mine shoft. Lloyd Bridges
Stors
9-PeTson TO Person.
Ed Murrow visits Gina lollobrioi-
do and her husband, Dr.. Mike
Skofic; Deem Mortin and his
fomiy.
10:45
4-Comment.
A proorom interpreting the main
issue in the news. Originating in
Washington.
100
4-News and Local News.
Horkness Word.
5-Eleven O'Clock Movie.
Ia Hours. Second Chonce."
1858. An American prizefiehter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
President Tells
Forces to Vote


President Eisenhower yester-
day urged members of the
armed forces and their families
to exercise their voting rights
in the forthcoming elections.
The President issued this
special message calling atten-
ton to Armed Forces Voters
Week September 1929: ,
1.-THE right TO vote in free
elections is one Of the most
treasured privileges Of citizens
ship. -oo
During Armed Forces Vot-.
ers' Week I hope the men and
women in the military services
will exercise their traditional
rights by obtaining full infor-
nation on how they may vote
in the coming elections.
II further hope that the
families and friends Of our men
an women in uniform will help
them reach sound Judgment by
sending them full details on
candidates and issues. M
Free government, and the
blessings which it collfcrs. can
only be guaranteed If we the
citizens take an active part in
the choice of our public of
! ficials." g
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
AirpIune, Short
Of Fuel, Lands
Safely on Coast

SAN FRANCISCO. Aug. 80
(AP) .-Sixty-three homebound
vacationers we're landed safely
at international Airport last
night, hardly aware their pilot
had worried for hours whether
his fuel would last against
strong headwinds.
There were SO aboard, six Of
them crew members.
Pilot Jack Pedesky Of a nom
scheduled Great Lakes Airlines
|DC-4 said he had only 80 GAL
Ions of gasoline left Of the
5000 with which he began the
2, 3O0-mile flight from Homo
lulu. Planes carry several
hundred gallons more than
normally required to protect
against such an emergency.
Pilot Pedesky said bad
weather slowed the flight and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
$3.50 Million Loan
To India to Be
Recommended
BY the Associated Press

Five of midas creditor ma
lions and the World Bank have
set up a many-Sided loan pro-
gram to help carry out midas
development program - but
there is a big "if."
The program will go forward
if the governments of the United
States, Germany, Britain, ia
pan and Canada, and the gov
errors of the World Bank &C
cept the recommendations of
their delegates who completed
a hush-hush three-day session
here Wednesday.
Today World Bank officials
and diplomats of the five
countries still refused to dis
close the figures agreed upon.
But informed sources con-
flrmed that loans for the $3.50
million India needs in the next
six months will be provided if
the recommendations of the
conference are carried out.
The delegates proposed that
the World Bank put up 500
million, Great Britain $108
million, United States SIS mil
lion, Germany $40 million.
Canada SIT million, and ia
pan $40 million.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30

other is represented by the
views of what he called sex
IRENE pacifiStS like Phillip
IToynbee and Comdr. Sir.
Stephen King-Hall who advo-
cate that Great Britain take
the lead in disarming herself
in the hope that Western Eu-
rope and the United States
would follow"
Reciting the nursery rhyme
about Little Pussy. Her Coat
Is So Warm" DR.. Gordon
twitted pacifists who, he said.
are unable to distinguish pussy
cats from tigers.
The pacif1st psychology, DR..
Gordon added, creates a CHI
mate for surrender which
might defer nuclear war" But,
he pointed out, IF we can judge
from Communist behavior in
countries that have come I'M
der their control, surrender
would mean death or incarcera-
ton for many Of us in this
room"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Area Store SuIes
Up so in Week

Department store sales in
the Washington area were 2
per cent above a year ago
in the week ended August %
and also were per cent ahead
Of the preceding week. the Fed
eral Reserve Bank of Rich
mond reported yesterday.
Area sales in four weeks
ended August % were up per
cent from the like 1857 period
and those for the year to date
were equal to last year.
The downtown portion Of
the area total was even with
a year ago in the week ended
August % and IL per cent
higher than in the preceding
week. Four weeks sales were
? per cent above a year ago,
but those for the year to date
remained 3 per cent lower.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Finn Twins Get Right
To Sue u. S. on Plane

The Firms charged the Air
Force illegally took the plane
for which they had paid a
Bakersfield school district $2l,-
900. The Governments seizure
was based on the premise that
the plane had been sold to the
district for educational
only.
Taken by Creditor
Acting as their own attorneys,
the Firms won reposession of
the plane three years ago. but
Charles said it slipped away
again when it was awarded to
a creditor who had spent $685.
900 repairing it.
Senator LANCER appeared in
the twins behalf at their trial
in Alexandria Federal Court
and said they had been VIC
Tins of a frameup in their
surplus aircraft deal.
Charles said yesterday the
twins hoped to reclaim the now
vintage airplane, spend the
money they reap from the Gov
eminent on repairing it and
begin the airline they had
originally planned. T.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30

moderate or social drinking"
she said.
At the opening Of the WCTU
convention at the Willard
Hotel, another temperance
leader charged that alcohol has
become a factor in half of
the Nations crime. auto acct
dents and divorces.
Sees Safety Threat
Mrs. Fred ]. Tooze, WCTU
corresponding secretary, said:
The drink problem has be-
come more than a personal
moral or religious issue. Drink
and drunkenness currently are
Ia threat to our national and
personal existence and safety.
Arrests for drunkenness and
drunken driving are currently
shown by the Uniform Crime
Report to total nearly LIS mil
lion annually. This is about
half of the arrests made for
all causes in the 1,S46 report
ing cities"
Mrs. Tooze commended di-
vorce court judges in major
cities estimate that rs per cent
of divorces are caused by ex-
cessive drinking.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30

The flying Finn twins of Hol-
lywood. Calf, whose hunger
strikes and bouts with the law
have punctuated a six-year
fight over an airplane, have won
the right to sue the Federal
Government.
Charles Finn, "A, said the
brothers would sue for a stable
amount for illegal arrest, viola
ton of constitutional rights
and illegal seizure of a plane. "
The act enabling them to sue
was signed Wednesday by Presi-
dent Eisenhower. 1t was spon-
sored by Senator LANCER, Re-
publican of North Dakota, who
once interceded on behalf of
the twins while they were stag
ing a hunger strike.
Transport Seized
The act gave the United
States Court of Claims juris-
diction judgment on the claim
Iof Charles c. and George c.
Finn arising out of the seizure
on September Is. 1852, by en-
ployes of the United States of a
CASA transport airplane."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30


and other severe disturbances.
The study. she said. was
made by the National Institute
Of Mental Health, an agency Of
the Department of Health, Ed
ucation and Welfare.
It was conducted among al
coholics committed to mental
wards throughout the country
from 1858 to 1855.
Sees Dispute Settled
"These statistics settle on the
basis of competent medical au-
thority the long-standing con-
troversy over whether alcoholic
beverage can damage the brain,
by showing that it does and
that the damage is permanent, ="
Mrs. Biddle asserted.
"They show that the coun-
try's mental institutions are
being increasingly overcrowded
by persons manned or disabled
by drink"
Mrs. Biddle also commended
the data compiled by the insti-
tute demonstrate the fallacy of
the concept of moderation in
drink"
Each of the 139,600 persons
committed obviously started out
with no idea of other than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Blue Soothes Nerves,
Psychologist Reports

large in the thoughts Of the
subjects when they were ex-
posed to red, whereas their
thoughts in the presence of
blue were of platonic affection
and gentleness.
Although no work was done
in the experiment with dis
turbed persons, DR.. Gerard said
this would be the next step in
his research. a
The tests run on the "a nor
NAL subjects produced O. total
of 10000 feet on electroen-
cephalographic (brain wave)
tape from which 10000 bits Of
information we're derived. This
mass of data was boiled down
to the conclusion that blue
soothes and red inflames.
Some Benefits Seen
DR.. Gerard said earlier work
done on epilepsy, together with
the results of his experiments,
hold out new hope for sufferers
for temporal epilepsy, a form
of the disease particularly diff
f1cult to control medically. The
use of minus red" eyeglasses
blue greenish lenses designed
to eliminate red light-may cut
down on seizures, he said.
In less extreme cases, the
use of blue light also may help,
DR.. Gerard added. He said a
dim blue light in an otherwise
darkened bedroom might prove
helpful in putting insomniacs
to sleep. Light Of a moderate
intensity possibly would aid
sufferers from high blood pres
sure and anxious people might
benefit from exposure to strong
err blue light.
Looking at the world through
rose - but not red - colored
glasses might work beneficially
in a reverse fashion. popping up
depressed patients. DR.. Gerard
added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Study Cited to Confirm
Broin Domoae byDrink

temperance leader declared today analysis of $4,000
alcoholics revealed almost 10 per cent of them have suffered
permanent brain damage
Mrs c. w. Biddle vice president Of the Womans Christian
Temperance Union said additional q per acted
syndroen which includes halucinatons
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Khrushchev Meets
Robson in Crimeu

LONDON. Aug. 80 (AP).-
Paul Robson, American Negro
singer, met Soviet Premier
Nikita Khrushchev yesterday
in the Crimea.
Radio Moscow said last night
the meeting occurred at the
sanatorium Nizhnyaya brenda
when both turned up for a
visit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
BY WILLIAM HINES
Star Stan Writer

A week at the shore under
the blue sky beside the blue
sea may be just what the doctor
ordered for frayed nerves, q
California psychologist has tolc
his professional colleagues here
What is more, the color blue
may have countless other uses
such as keeping epileptic at
tacks under control. DR.. Robert
M. Gerard believes.
The University of California
Clos Angeles) experimental
psychologist told Of color tests
involving blue and red light in
an address before the American
Psychological Association at the
Statler. He said his researches
proved on a scientific basis what
doctors. interior decorators and
just plain folks have suspected
all along-that some colors pla-
cate and others inflame.
Raises Blood Pressure
! Using "a normal" subjects.
DR.. Gerard found that expos
ing a person to red light causes
his blood pressure to rise. his
breathing to speed up, his eyes
to blink more frequently, his
sweat glands to secrete more
profusely, and his brain waves
to become more active. Expos
ure to blue light, by contrast
causes the subjects processes to
slow down.
Blue light seems to be kind
of tranquilizer." DR.. Gerard ex-
planned.
The subjects who had "anXi-
cites" were more disturbed BY
red and more relieved by blue
than were their non-anxiouS
fellows, the scientist added. Al,
were affected by the colorS tC
some degree, however.
Sexuality and violence loomec
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Russians Coming

MOSCOW, Aug. 80 (AP).-
The United States Embassy has
issued Visas to a second group
of Soviet tourists to visit the
United States. Among the II
are scientists, civil servants,
factory directors. engineers.
newsmen and artists. They IRE
due in New York tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30

caused him to descend from
9 900 to 5000 feet seeking bet
ter conditions. He didn't find
them.
He radioed an alert to the
Coast Guard and Air Force but
didn't tell his passengers. How
ever, some noted that a Coast
Guard plane and an Air Force
plane Joined them as escorts
200 miles of California and
were tense until the landing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-30
Khrushchev Termed
Personality to Watch

A Washington area psychia-
trist warned today that those
who take the goodwill of indi-
vidual Russians into account
In considering East-West re-
lations are committing a pos
sibly fatal error.
DR.. Gene Gordon of STOP
Warwick place. Chevy Chase,
told the American Psychology
cal Association that Soviet
Premier Nikita Khrushchev and
not "the Russian people" is
"the only significant person.
atty" in the Soviet Union to-
day.
1T emains to be seen
whether there is any more eS-
sential goodness in him than
in his predecessor Josef Stall
in" DR.. Gordon added.
His remarks came during a
panel discussion on psychology
in international affairs at the
Statler.
Cites Gandhi's Error
DR.. Gordon, senior pSychia-
trist at Children's Hospital, said
pacifists seem to be people who
have a hard time seeing that
other people are as evil as they
can be-" He mentioned the
Indian Mahatma, Mohandas K.
Gandhi, as one whose pacifism
was extreme.
"Gandhi failed to appreciate
the difference between the eff
cacy of non-violence with the
additionally moral British and
the totalitarian madman. Hit
Ter" DR.. Gordon said. 1T is in
conceivable that a British COL
onlal administration could act
las Hitler's subordinates acted
toward the jews. Yet Gandhi
advised to the Czechs and to
the Jews of Germany the same
course of action that he had
found moderately successful in
South Africa and India
Discusses Pacifists
In present-day affairs. Dr..
Gordon said, disarmament
apostles fall into two groups.
One is characterized by what
he termed the moderate views
, Of Lord Russell and the Ameri-
kran Friends, or Quakers. The
Kodiak mirror., 1958-12-13
KODIAK MIRROR
New Toys Keep up with Times, Reeoll Past

Toys for Christmas, 1858, are abreast of the times, but the past is not forgotten.
 Youngsters will anticipate the headlines by maneuvering fully manned rocket ships" says Mel Freud, president of Toy Guidance Council. "Playrooms will repro duce Cape Canaverals satellite launching equipment in authentic miniature.
 Both girls and boys will be re- rruited to the role of research scientists by record number of kits keyed to teach astronomy, agricultural chemistry, mineral ogy, entomology and other basic sciences.
 In contrast are an equally var fed number of new toys inspired by the pioneer West, executed with authentic detail.
 Career toys, keyed to discover ing and developing juvenile apti- tutdes, play an important role in Santa's new pack New girder- panel sets, for example, will in struct the young engineer-archi- tect in the art of building super highways. Even the kindergartner will try his hand at suburban de- velopment with blocks that repro duce shopping centers and civic centers in every detail"
 Santa's pack holds a new kit to intrigue the pre-school set with clock repairing, a miniature yer sion of an industrial tool belt equipped with tools, battery operated play drill with inter changeable parts including furn- iture buffer, a printing set that prints in two colors with plastic type.
 For the junior doctor-nurse team there is hospital unit on wheels. Photographic experts are recruited from the toddler ranks with a new toy camera which stimulates flash bulb operation by trigger which clicks against a bell. A tiny blackboard doubles as film
 High-style housewares are in evidence. Kitchen appliances are in matching pastels, junior table service includes carafe sets with wrought iron holders and Western
Kodiak mirror., 1958-12-13
ChiIi Feed Dec. 20 By Sea Explorers

A chilli feed is planned for Sat urday, Dec. 20 in the Kodiak Mo- tors showroom. The feed is spon- sored by the local Sea Explorer Ship 726, SEES. Bidarka
 The event is being held to raise funds to outfit the troops new ship, a 36-foot landing craft, do- mated by the U. s. Navy, follow ing a recent survey of the vessel. The ship needs only paint and some rebuilding. The boys in the troop plan to build longer cabin on the craft to facilitate more ex- plorers. Work will be done under supervision of the troops skipper, Vernon Draper.
 The city council designated berth in the small boat harbor for the ship, and it is planned to take advantage of the berth in April
 The chili feed will be held from 11:3o am. to pm next Saturday. The menu consists of one big bowl of chilli, salad, crac- kers, coffee, tea or milk. All the explorers are selling tickets. The accepted donation is $1.OO.
 For further information contact Skipper Vernon Draper at 2801, or Dennis Gillian at 5131.