davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1958-10-25
First Negro 49,.

Continued from Page One)
man will succeed A. Milton Jacobs
and Milton Holds, whose three
year terms as magistrates expired
last June Is.
Mr.. Hazelwood Is SO years old.
He was born in Newark, attended
Rutgers University on a scholar
ship and later went to Cornell Law
School where he was graduated In
1945.
Mr.. Lehman also Is q native
of Newark. He was graduated
from Upsala College and Rutgers
Law School. Before his appoint
ment as Lisense Commissioner he
served as a Tax Commissioner.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1958-10-25

ANDERSON Signal Battalion. Fort Carson
can't his friends neghborshs Mis-
sissppi finally with him agangh
eight
Conflict with the 96th Field Artillery
Purple for wounds received in action
with his for another Of mill
draft classification
the confusion
visit his grand
Mt Olive, MISS before
Following his Korean service Jackson
with 59th Military Police Battalion during
Blockade Russians. He arrived Fort Car
September December 1887 has assist
Battalion. board So Pentis Miss will
probably already well taken
asre Army service
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1958-10-25

course and seminar offerings in
civil liberties. Professor Violet
win be assisted in the research pro-
jects by several research fellows.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
EDITORIAL
HISTORICAL TEST IN COSTA RIGA

According to reports from San Jose, the Government
81 ue KepuDIc OF Costa RIGA requested from the United
Nations Organization a list of persons among which it
could select a United Nations Observation Commission for
the presidential elections to be held in that Central Anne.
rican Republic Sunday.
1t is understood that the ORGANIZATION. or M of its
agencies, submitted several names of world personalities
to the consideration of the Costa Rican Government and
tnat the government, after inviting the leaders of the diff.
ferent political parties to choose among these names, Sc
lected three gentlemen OF recognized international prestige.
They are DR.. Horace Read, Dean of the Law School of
Director of an important StOhOIm newspaper, and DIR. Paul
Negro, President of the Electoral Court of Uruguay.
Although no hint has been given, at least abroad, of
how the United Nations observation Mission will operate,
nor which will be its true functions, and how they will
adjust within the juridical technique regulating the
relations of a State member of N with this world or
ganiZatOn, 1t must be accepted that it Is only a historical
test taking place in Costa Rica, which may have enormous
repercuSSiOns in the International life of the different
countries.
The results of this observation mission cannot be
known as yet, nor even Immediately after the elections
are held, because a reasonable lapse Of time will be neces.
sary to know the effectivity of this measure, and its positive
scope.
OF course, from the viewpoint of political morality,
as an effort to demonstrate good democratic intentions in
the part of the Costa Rican Government, this test has to be
considered of marked Importance. In any case, it Is a
precedent in America, which may be opening the way to
adequate improvement in the future. After all, any in.
StitutiOnal progress of that nature requires a process of
maturity, of good judgment in the application and analysis
of its consequences, so that it may some day become a
reality that nobody will dare to dispute.
Those interested in the development of modern inter.
national law, in the mOraizatiOn of international democracy,
will have in this case, for sure, an excellent opportunity
for meditation, for investigation and study, serene and
constructive. They will say, in due time, the last word.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Argentina Trade Mission Leaves
Moscow After Signing Agreement

MOSCOW, Jan. 20. -(UP).-
The Argentine trade mission that
was visiting Moscow, departed for
Prague this morning, after sign
ing contracts for the purchase of
Soviet industrial equipment valued
at three million dollars.
The head of the delegation,
Undersecretary of Industry Raul
Ondarts, and Soviet Vice Minis
ter of Foreign Trade MR.. Kusmin,
signed the document this morn
ing.
Argentine sources said the eco
nomic delegation agreed to invest
two million dollars more in the
purchase of rails for the railroads
and pipe for the oil industry, but
the documents we're not ready for
signature this morning. They ad-
ded that perhaps they will be sign
ed at Prague or Buenos Aires.
At the airport, to bid goodbye
to the delegation, were Kusmin;
2. M. Vinogradov, Director of the
Western Division of the Ministry
of Trade; A. P. Malkov, Director
of the American Division, and the
personnel of the Argentine En-
bassy, headed by Ambassador
Emilio del Carril.
1t is believed that the Argentine
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
HEMISPHERE EVENTS
Argentina Honors
German Aviotors

BONN. -(UP).- 1t. H a S
Schaefer and corporal Guenther.
Heinrich Bonnaire of the West
German Luftwaffe were honored
for outstanding performance
with high Argentine decorations,
the Argentine Embassy announced
here today.
The Argentine decorations are
presented yearly for the best
schools, thus demonstrating the
good relations between the armed
forces of both countries.
1t. Hans Schaefer of Officers
Training School, Fassberg, was de
corated with the Sword of Honour
of Argentinas National Hero &c
neral Jose de San Martin while
Corporal Guenther Heinrich Bon
naire was honored with a gold
medal.
The decorations were handed
over to the two German soldiers
by Air Attache Commodore R. A,
Castro of the Argentine Embassy
in Bonp
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Venezuelan Junto
Gets Recognition,
Takes Precautions

CARACAS, Jan. 20. -(UP).-
The Government Junta feels en-
its vigilance, against possible acti-
vities of elements friendly to the
ousted dictatorship. Today it made
security measures even more
strict.
They were evident specially at
the Miraflores Palace and other
Government buildings, as rumors
persisted that elements contrary to
the Junta may intend a coup.
But, apart from these measures.
activities in Caracas and the rest
OF the country were normal.
Here, in the capital, for the
first time since the ousting of Pc
rez Jimenez, transit was forbidden
in front of the Presidential Pala-
ce in the daytime.
Beside, additional troops were
placed at the corners neal the
palace, and all those travelling in
that direction were carefully
searched.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
BOLIVIA, MEXICO AND PERU
10 APPEAL TO U.N. ON U.S..
LEAD AND zinc TARIFFS

WASHINGTON. (UP). - Boil
via, Mexico, and Peru have resolv-
ed to request the United Nations
to keep the us. from imposing
tariff restrictions on lead and zinc
imports.
The drop in the prices of these
metals and their excessive produc-
ton has required the us. mining
industry to request the Tariff Com
mission to increase the rates on
imports up to 500. The Commits
sion is now studying the matter,
but its recommendations will have
to be approved by President Essen.
hover before any increase can be
put into effect.
The three countries in question
have already asked the United Ma
tons, through the Inter American
Economic and Social Council, for
protection, arguing that the pro.
posed increases would ruin their
economies, since they depend, for
a large part, on the exports of
lead and zinc to the U. S.
The Latin American countries
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30

delegation will spend at least eight
days in Prague.
Ondarts said that the Russians
promised to sell mechanical sho.
wells, e~xcavators, compressors, man
ganese, aluminium, cromed steel,
locomotives, and steel rails as we'll
as mining and soldering equip.
ment.
The agreement represents a Sc
ries of seperate transactions of
the industries of the Argentine
State, but aluminium will also be
offered to private buyers.
Besides the signed requests,
Ondarts left offers of purchase
which reach the equivalent of 30
to 40 million dollars. The offers
will be studied by the Russians.
The chief of the Argentine de-
legation said: "these requests are
so important that perhaps it will
not be possible to get their apro-
baton in this year. He then ad-
ded that negotiations in this res
pect will continue in Buenos All
res.
The South American delegation,
which left for Prague, received
offers from the Russians for tur-
bine drills, machinery equipment,
equipment for road construction,
railroad equipment, zinc, caustic
soda, aluminium, and asbestos.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Dr.. ]. A. Mora
Highly Praises
Argentine Govt.
BACK FROM OPENING
OF NEW OAS CENTER

WASHINGTON, Jan. 20. (UP).
DR.. Jose A. Mora, Secretary Ge-
neral of the Organization of Anne
rican States (OAS), returned last
night from Buenos Aires, where
he attended the Inauguration of
a new GAS Information Center.
He cordially praised Argentine
President, Gen. Pedro E. Aram-
buru, and the efforts, of his Co
vernment of contribute to hemi-
spheric cooperation in the politi-
cal, social and cultural fields.
"The Argentine Government
Mora said has done everything
to further promote a better know
ledge of OAS' activities. He then
added that the Buenos Aires Co.
vernment has given GAS for its
operations, a new three-story
building, which formerly was oc-
cupied by the Press Secretariat of
the Peron regime. 1t has halls
for expositions, conferences and
the exhibition of films.
Besides, the Government has
voted 100000 Argentine pesos a
year for maintenance of the build
ing.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Guantanamo Fire
Destroys Part Of
Commercial Zone

HAVANA, Jan. 29. -(UP).-
Reports from Guantanamo, Orien,
tie Province, say that a fire of
unknown origin destroyed a great
portion of the commercial section
of that town, next to the US. Ma
val Base of Caimanera, causing
damages estimated in more than
a million dollars.
According to the reports, the
buildings destroyed were two no
tells and half a dozenother build
ings. No casualties we're reported.
Here, in Havana, an Standard
Oil spokesman, owner of the Belot
refinery, said that the tank with
a capacity of more than a million
gallons of gasoline, which was
half-full when it caught fire yester-
day, is considered a total loss. No
estimate of the loss has been
made.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
New Era Of Cooperation
Among Coffee Producers
With Formation of leo.

Delegates from Belgium anG
France did not sign the agree
ment because they lacked power
to do so, but they announced that
1t was almost sure their govern.
mentS will adhere to it by diplo.
matte channels.
Louis Orts, who represented
Belgium, said he expects that the
agreement, which established an
0-million dollar fund for ~reasearch
and promotion, will be ratified by
parliament in his country, adding
that Belgium's position as produ,
Ger and consumer, will benefit
much with the agreement.
Pierre Valiant, of France, said
the agreement reflects the opinion
OF producers in all the continents,
and that France feels satisfied in
having contributed to the efforts
to increase consumption.
Carlos Pereira Bastos, of Portu-
gal, the only European country
which signed the agreement, said
ne will give complete support to
prompt ratification. The pact will
go into effect when It has been
ratified by ten of the signatory
countries.
European sources expressed be-
lief that the agreement may mean
a reduction of prices, instead of
an increase, in that continent.
The same sources said one of
the first tasks of ICO will be to
negotiate before European Co.
Vernments a reduction of the pre-.
sent high import tariffs on coffee.
The agreement created the In
formation Coffee Organization to-:
promote world consumption of
coffee; defend the coffee economy;
provide an international forum
for the discussion of coffee pro-
blemS, and contribute to the ex-
pansion of trade in favor of the
countries producing and consum-
ing this commodity.
With Latin American proposals
for export controls and price sup
ports left in allegiance because of
opposition from European and
African producing countries, the
international organization became
~basically a promotion and research
group.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30

art In Bolivia, Chile, Mexico, PERU
Czechoslovakia, Switzerland, Japan
and the United States. At the last
Venice Biennial, held in 1856 he
won the international first prize
for drawing.
Examples of Martins work are
to be found in the modern art
museums of Rio de Janeiro, Sac
Pauio and New York; in the mu-
scum of Bahia, the national mu-
scum of Buenos Aires, and in the
municipal building of Montevideo.
Writing of the artist, the critic
Marc Berkowitz calls attention to
the variety of motifs in Martins
work - scenes of the harsh life
in the backlands of his native state
the dignified figures of the can
gaceiros," the lacemakers, and the
shimmering elegance of his fam
tastic fish.
The exhibit at the Pan Ameri
can Union will be the artists first
oneman show in the United States.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Brazilian Artist to. Hold One = Man
Exhibit at the Pan American Union

WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) -
An exhibit of drawings by Aide
mir Martins, Brazilian artist, will
be held at the Pan American
Union from Jan. "a to Feb. 10.
Martins has exhibited in numer-
Gus group shows in Brazil and in
all four Biennials held at the Sac
Paulo Museum of Fine Art. At
each of the Biennials he won
awards, including a first prize for
drawing in 1855.
Born in ~Ingazeires, in the state
of Ceara in 1922. Martins began to
practice design at an early age. He
did not produce regularly however
until his period of military service
in the years 1942-45, when he
taught drawing designed aerial
maps and founded a group of art
lists in Ceara.
The artist has worked in other
aspects of the graphic arts and has
contributed prints as well as draw.
ings to group shows of Brazilian
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
TEMPERATURE
y
.. @@mG8gF@@le
The Civilians and The Military

There are civilians who talk
about the army almost with
hatred, sometimes with cruelty.
without giving any thought to
their opinions, as if the tense
ness in their relations was in
any way justified.
When the armed forces dis.
charge their mission in a deco.
rous manner they have to be
considered as an imperative for
the security of the State, and
not as a danger for the demo.
cratic institutions of the country.
OF course, in number and in ca
pacity, the armies must keep
adequate proportion with the
problems, the resources and the
dimensions of a country.
Also, there are uniformed ele-
ments who refer to civilians
with the same hatred, as if they
were an obstacle in their way
and as if they were not the
very essence of the State.
This absurd antagonism is,
speaking in general terms. the
result of attitudes that would
not stand a calm analysis nor an
theological investigation. Civil
lians and military are citizens of
the same Nation, and one and
the other, in their particular
sphere of national life, have the
obligation to dignity the insti-
buttons of the Republic, with
due respect of human rights
and the legimately constituted
authorities.
This rivalry is explainable
when any one of these two
sectors uniustifiably attacks the
other. This generally happens
in some sectors of the armed
forces, in countries where the
stability of the republican in
situations has been lost, and the
aggression against the people
is liable to take place in the
name of the force. But such
case, which certainly justifies
the fight of the civilians for
the defense of their inalienable
rights, should not lead to the
systematic existence, as a nor
NAL thing, of antagonism be-
tween civilians and military.
The army and the people
should always unite in the
ideal of the Fatherland, in the
defense of the institutions of
the Republic, in the aspirations
for democratic progress and for
the moral and material wellbe-
ing of the Nation. And in this
unity there is no place for
disagreements dividing the people
and the army, as if enmity had
to necessarily prevail between
them.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Anti Communist Forces in
Guatemala Unite in a Pact
to Name the Next President
YdlgOrus Believed 10 be Willing to
form a Democratic, Coalition Govt.

GUATEMALA, Jan. %. UP)
1t was officially announced that q
pact was signed between General
Miguel Ydfgoras Fuentes and Co.
lionel Jose Luis Cruz Salazar
which represents the union of anti
communist forces in the country
1t permits the Congress to elect
Gen. Ydigoras as the next Presi,
dent of the Republic.
According to comments in to.
days newspapers, the elections
results reveal a "75 percent of
anti-communist votes, since Ydf.
goras and Cruz Salazar obtained
together that percentage against
the Revolutionary Party.
They also point out that the
pact indicates General Ydigoras,
who obtained the majority of the
votes, will make a democratic
government" and will govern
together with centrist groups sup
porting Cruz Salazar, which were
organized by the late President
Castillo Armas.
There ri also comments saying
the pact eliminates the possibility
that groups of the center join the
opposition, in an alliance with the
Revolutionary Party and the COM
munists, "who act in the shadow
and will try to overthrow Gene
raj Ydigoras''.
"Now they say the fields
have been definitely Established.
1t is believed, moreover, that "the
anti-comunist unity is the first
step toward national unity, which
Guatemala is so anxiously seek.
ing.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Cosfro's Sister
Ordered Deported

immigration officials ruled
Tuesday to deport the 24-year-old
sister of Cuban rebel leader Fidel
Castro.
The immigration Department
said Juanita Castro entered the
country illegally earlier this month
in the trunk of a car.
But the attorney for the attrac-
tive brunette, who in recent
months has conducted a fundrais-
ing tour for the rebel cause, said
he is confident Miss Castro will
be granted asylum in Miami. He
said when the final deportation
order comes he will plead that
Miss Castro's life would be endan-
gered if she is sent back to Cuba.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
Latin American Finance
and Trade News Reports

ternational Road Federation in
New York.
In % years, the Bank has dis
bursed 1852 million for develop
ment of roads and highways in II
countries. Fourteen of the coun'
tries are in Latin America. Eight
of the loans have been repaid.
At present, the Bank is financ
ing projects in Costa Rica, Hon
duras, Nicaragua, Panama, Irar
and Liberia.
The money extended to the La
tin American countries is being
utilized to help complete fina.
sections of the an American High
way between the Mexico-G uatema
la border and the Panama Canal
Largest loans for Latin Ameri
can highway were made in Mexico
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador anc
Cuba, Mr.. Waugh said.
Altogether, Eximbank has loan
ed money to more than so coun
tries, the most to France, $1,6 bi
lion, and Brazil, $1.2 billion.
Among the more unusual pro
jects listed by Mr.. Waugh were
the $24 million Cochabamba- Santa
Cruz highway in Bolivia, and a $40
million highway construction pro
gram being carried out now in
Liberia.
On the Cochabamba Santa Cruz
highway, most of the work was
done at attitudes of eight, ten
or twelve thousand feet where
engines lost as much as 20 per
cent efficiency. To build the road,
Thompson-C Cornwall Co., the con,
tractor, had to receive materials
, over a supply line 5000 miles
long. The 312-mile road required
$500 workers.
Traffic over the highway has
increased from 1000 vehicles dur
ing the last ten months of 1858
to 5000 last year.
Making loans for highways i'm
proves a borrowing country in
other ways, Mr.. Waugh pointed
out. Often, the country has a poor
economy. Better roads result in ar
influx of tourists, lowered trans
p~ortation costs and the opening
up of previously inaccessible lands
Thus, all segments of the economy
benefit.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30

Cruz Salazar has had some diff.
ficultieS, because leaders of his
party met yesterday to discuss if
the pact should be accepted or not.
After several hours of discussion,
the MDN leaders said Cruz Sala-
zar could sign the pact, but not
the party. This mean that some
of the party leaders will not join
the anti-communist coalition; but
it is believed that the MIND depu-
ties in Congress, who constitute
a majority, will vote in sufficient
numbers to elect Ydigoras as Pre-
Sident.
Meanwhile, nine thousand mem
bers of the reserve were called
to active service, and service was
extended for six months for those
lin the army now, in view of the
political tension prevailing in the
country.
Provisional President Guillermo
Flores Avendano adopted the mea-
sures, as precaution against pos
sible disturbances in connection
with the elections of Jan. 10.
The political tension resulted
from the fact that none of the
t three candidates obtained the
VOfpS %rpuuirnd nv tho Constitution
81 percent of the total, to be elect
ed President of the Republic. 1t
corresponds now to Congress to
choose among the two who obtain
ed the greatest number of votes.
The general impression prevails
that if Congress decides to choose
Cruz Salazar, there will be a civil
war, and the population is storing
food stuffs in preparation for a
conflict.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30

RIO DE JANEIRO, Jan. 20. -
(UP).-DelegateS to the conferen-
ce which created the International
Coffee Organization ICO), are
returning to their respective coun-
tries, convinced that the accord
signed by is nations opens a new
era of cooperation among the cof-
fee producing countries which this
year will have a total surplus of
Is million bags.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
HEMISPHERE EVENTS
Latin American News in Brief

Edward Regensburg, President
of E. Regensburg & Sons, said
two blights and two hurricanes
have reduced the disable crop for
this year to Is per cent of the
quality wrapper tobacco needed
for Havana cigars.
MEXICAN SCIENTISTS TO
GO TO RUSSIAN MEETING
MEXICO CITY. -(UP).- The
National Committee of Geophysics
announced that three Mexican
scientists will attend the final
meeting Of the world committee of
the international Geophysical year
in Moscow in August.
The Mexican delegates will be
Ricardo Monges Lopez, Julian
Adem and Manuel .MaldonadO
Koerdell, President, Vicepresident,
and Secretary, respectively of the
Mexican Committee.
Monges Lopez said Mexico
would also send a delegation to
the photographic c o nm ! ! o n
meeting of the Panamerican Insti.
tute of Geography and History in
Habana, Cuba, Feb. 1922.
Diario las Américas., 1958-01-30
ROAD is
IMPORTANT TO EXIMBANK

Observation-Disclosures play
an important role in the Export
Import Banks activities, Samuel
c. Waugh, President of the Bank,
told q recent gathering of the In