davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1958-02-27

FOR THE SPRING CONCERT
select your shoes from Carts
Shoes while our stock is
complete. 3s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Insurance Tax
Study Planned
BY the Associated Press

Chairman Mills of the House
Ways and Means Committee
will start hearings November II
looking toward permanent re-
vision of the tax laws as they
apply to insurance companies.
Insurance companies are now
subject to special stopgap tax
legislation under which part of
their earnings are exempt.
Mr.. Mills said yesterday the
hearings are designed to bring
out data about the feasibility
and most desirable formula for
taxing life insurance firms on
the basis of their total income.
The inquiry also i aimed at
developing information about
possible improvements in or all
ternatives to tax formulas
based on the income the COM
panies get from their Invest
|ments, he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
WILLIAM S. WHITE
A Dilemma for Democrats

year to give more ground on
civil rights; they can only
hope not to have to give up
so much as to repeat the in
tra-Democratie civil war Of
1860.
They will be compelled
and indeed they will not at
all mind this--to take UP d
much more critical attitude
generally toward President
Eisenhower.
But it well may be that
apart from civil rights the
great running issue will be
foreign policy and peace or
war. On this issue the Demo-
cratic leaders cannot, in
temperament or in conviction,
adopt a merely PARTISAN line
against the President, 1860
or no 1850. And this they
will not do.
A rare and bitter dilemma
may await them, and they
know 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17

Many people are writing in
TO learn more about the du-
bious origin of the Fourteenth
Acknowledgment basis
for the desegregation deci-
sions - to which reference
recently was made in these
dispatches. The shortest and
best statement of the case
this writer has seen came
from the pen Of the late
Cordell Hull, Secretary Of
State for nearly IL years in
the cabinet Of President
Franklin d. Roosevelt. Mr..
Hull was a district Judge in
Tennessee before he was
elected to Congress. He was
known as the father OF the
income tax amendment to the
Federal Constitution. In out
lining the history of constitu-
tional amendments, Mr.. Hull
said in a speech in the House
of Representatives on July IL,
1909:
Early in 1865 the Thir-
tenth Amendment, abolish
ing slavery. was proposed to
the States by Congress. but
not until after a heated
struggle extending over many
months. 1t became a part Of
the Constitution in December
of that year.
Mr.. Speaker, very soon
thereafter amendments were
proposed in Congress looking
to the adoption of what was
afterwards known as the
'Feurt e e nth Amendment
with the result that, accord
ing to the version of some.
the Fourteenth Amendment
was duly ratified and became
a part of the Constitution in
July. 1868.
Some singular circum-
stances attended the alleged
adoption of this amendment.
While the sole function of
Congress with respect to
amendments is to propose to
the States such amendments
as two-thirds of both houses
see At, to be ratified or re-
jected. either by State legis-
latures or conventions, yet
Congress in this instance did
not permit all the States to
so act upon this proposed
amendment What is known
as the Reconstruction Acts
were in operation in 10
States though President
Johnson had held them UNI
constitutional, while q hur-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Democrats split what To do about Quemoy Some
think it's too small to fight for and think wouldn't
cost enough to rehabilitate after the war.
The closed high schools of Little Rock may teach BY
televson Segregated channels?
The Vanguard rocket fails again. The only way to get
that thing to anywhere to put Secretary Dulles in it.
Harry Truman to srnite the Republicans hip and
thigh in the fall campaign Harrys the Hula Hooper of
politics
Baseball forecast for 1859: The New York Yankees
will win the pennan again by the time the schools close in
September.
The things going. the most celebrated man in
Congress next year will be the who isn't Democrat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
BROWN
U.S.. Faces Trouble in u. N.

satellite aides can bring IL
about, the Assembly may we'll
pass some resolutions calcws
lated to put the American
actions in Formosa in a most
unfavorable light.
Adding TO the danger for
the American position is the
very chilly attitude of most
Of our allies toward our sup
port of Chang Kai-shek and
the Nationalist Republic OF
China. This danger could
strengthen the hand of the
Communist bloc sufficiently
that, with the expected neu-
tralist support, the United
States would find itself very
much on the defensive.
All in all, 1t is becoming in
creasingly apparent that the
United Nations is far from
an efficient tool for effective
American foreign policy.
There are still advantages to
membership. many of our
policymakers contend. but
these advantages are less
with every Assembly session.
The United States might soon
have to take a long, hard look
at just where U. N. member
ship is leading the free
world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Bachelor Skipper
Hos Big Problem:
Married Women

LONDON, Sept. II (AP).-
The bachelor captain Of the
Queen Elizabeth complained
yesterday his greatest trouble
in his long career at sea was
that only married women
chased him.
Capt. Charles williams, So,
brought the worlds largest liner
into port for the last time and
regretfully recalled that his
most embarrassing experience
was the time he had to stay on
the bridge of the liner Media
for az hours to avoid the at
tention Of an American woman
passenger"
She was married, he said,
and he wasn't able to leave the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
MINE BROWN
Dangerous Session Seen for West
As Red China Drives for Entry

colonialism. II is this charge
that the Communist bloc is
using in the matter Of the
Middle East.
There was a time when the
West, able to depend on a
solid bloc of Latin American
and Scandinavian support,
could defeat with compare
tive ease any Communist
maneuver. But those days
have passed. Disaffection in
some of our Latin American
neighbor countries, plus a
rising fear among Scandina-
Wan nations and elsewhere
throughout the world of a
nuclear war, has weakened
the old-time solid front.
Even as of today, the Com
munist bloc, plus the large
Afro Asian bloc - the So
called Bandung powers-can
control the doings of the
General Assembly if they
vote together. The strength
of the neutralists, led that
time by the Arab states, was
amply demonstrated in the
special emergency session of
the Assembly called at the
time of the Middle East crisis.
1t was an Arab resolution that
brought the Hammarskjold
mission to the Middle East
a resolution that is now rec
ognized for what it really was,
a clever Egyptian move to
gain time for the United
Arab Republics Nasser-in-
spired ends.
Pressure, cautiously APP
piled, by the General As
emily could have a substan-
tial influence on the course of
the negotiations now going on
in Warsaw between Red
China's Wang Ping-nan and
the American Ambassador
to Poland, Jacob Beam. If
the willy Gromyko and his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Fourteenth Amendments Origin

be and acting as the leglsla-
lures, respectively
I'm other words, they we're
ratified by de facto legisla-
lures. Another unusual recital
in the proclamation grew out
of the fact that Ohio and
New Jersey, after having rati-
fed the amendment and be-
fore the requisite three
fourths OF the States had
done likewise, withdrew their
ratification, his proclamation
alphabetically reciting that
II Ohio and New Jersey had
no right to withdraw their
ratification. the amendment
was duly ratified by the req
uisite number of States.
Secretary Seward was evil
IDENTIFY strongly impressed
with the view that a State
legislature had the right to
withdraw a ratification pre-
viously made at any time be-
fore an amendments due
ratification by three-fourths
OF the States; otherwise, as
to this qualification he would
have unhesitatingly issued
the usual proclamation. Then
1t was that John Sherman OF
Ohio introduced in the Sem
ate a concurrent resolution
declaring the ratification Suf-
ficient, which passed both
houses of Congress, and the
Secretary of State thefeupon
issued a second proclamation
declaring the amendment
duly ratified.
1.-THE steps attending the
ratification of what is known
as the war amendments
were so arbitrary, irregular,
and unusual as not to be
considered reliable precedents
In follow in amending the
Constitution.
ut must be conceded that
the moment three-fourths Of
the States duly ratify an
amendment it becomes a part
of the Constitution, the proc
lamation of the Secretary OF
State being a mere ministerial
act. Hence, it follows that
Congress has no power in
the premises after 1t has
once proposed an amendment
to the States as the Copsti-
tuition provides, not even OF
recalling the amendment;
therefore the passage of any
resolution by Congress de-
claring that a given amend
ment has or has not been duly
ratified by the States, such
as was done with respect to
the Fourteenth Amendment
is ultra wires and void"
Reproduction RiEhts Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17

Inc General Assembly OF
the United Nations is back
in session. and the pros
poets are that this meeting
will be a stormy one, with
grave dangers for the United
States and the rest of the
free world.
Ambassador Henry Cabot
Lodge and the others in the
United States delegation
have been very busy button
holing certain delegates
showing signs of wavering in
their loyalty to the West.
There is certain to be a big
Communist drive. supported
by the so-called neutralist
nations. to get Communist
China into the u. N. by any
means. Mr.. Lodge and Sec
rotary of State Dulles are
confident the United States
can defeat this maneuver.
But the margin of victory
will be much narrower that
1t has been in previous years.
The Communist bloc al
ready has served notice that
1t will use the General AS
sembly as a sounding board
for Red propaganda labelling
American foreign policy as
aggression" Lebanon, where
American troops are only
waiting for an opportunity
to withdraw. and of course
the inflamed situation in the
Formosa Strait will be cited
as examples of American
warmongering. Demands will
be made that the U.N. con-
denim American actions and
force q withdrawal.
The situation in the Gen
eral Assembly has been grow
ing worse every year for the
United States, which pays the
greatest share Of the ex-
penses of this huge interna-
tional experiment. There are
now 50 member nations in
the U.N.. and almost all of
the later joiners have been
African or Asian nations
pursuing a neutralist course.
In practice, as we have
seen through recent years,
these neutralist nations are,
in effect, allies of commu-
nism whenever there is a sub
stantive showdown vote. This
is particularly true when the
matter under discussion and
debate happens to concern
a charge. phony or real, of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
CordeH HuIFs Description of Steps
Toward Enactment Is Quoted

ried act OF Congress inter-
cepted and prevented a con-
sideration by the Supreme
Court of the constitutional
validity Of these acts. Under
these acts, existing State gov
ernments we're abolished and
new governments, created by
a convention of delegates
made up largely of Negroes.
we're substituted.
Under this regime, II a
State government was about
to reject the proposed
amendment it was promptly
deposed and one Of those new
governments at once in
stalled, whose action would
insure immediate ratifica-
ton.
This course seemed to
have been at direct variance
with the constitutional pro-
vision which directs that
only legislatures or 'conven-
tons in the States are given
authority to ratify or reject
amendments proposed by
Congress. Congress can only
direct as to whether a State
shall act on an amendment
by its legislature or a con-
vention, and with this the
power of Congress termi-
mates.
"Lincoln's great Secretary
of State, William H. Seward.
was an exceedingly able
lawyer; he had remained in
this Official position under
President Johnson's admin
istration. The act Of Congress
Of 1918 made it the official
duty Of the Secretary of State
to certify whether an amend
ment has become a part of
the Constitution by being duly
ratified by the States. Secre-
tary Seward issued two proc
lamations with reference to
the ratification Of this
amendment, instead of the
usual one, When he issued the
flrst proclamation, his legal
knowledge and sense Of
justice did not permit him to
recite therein that this
amendment had been duly
ratified by three-fourths Of
the States, but. instead. this
proclamation declared that
the amendment had been
ratified by the legislatures of
certain States-naming them
and that in six States it
had been ratified by newly
constituted and established
bodies avowing themselves to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Fortune Smiles Now, but Likelihood
Of q Party Split on Integrotion Is Seen

and go as to whether these
leaders Speaker of the House
Sam Rayburn and Senator
Lyndon B. JohnSon-could
fend OF a fatal party breach.
They did so, indeed. only
by taking great personal risks
and by a virtuoso perform
ance in persuasion.
There is the gravest doubt
that such a compromise will
be possible in the new Con-
greSs opening in January.
And this is so, even apart
from the basic fact that this
new Congress will be more
impatient for quick integrao
ton than was the old.
For the Old Guard South
ern position against any kind
of integration and the ad-
vanced Northern liberal po-
sition against any kind Of
delay have both hardened in
the meantime.
So, the Democrats are in
one of the oldest positions
in history. Fortune smiles
broadly and brightly upon
them-for 1858. But there
could well be q frightening
look on fortunes face for
the presidential year 1860
and perhaps far beyond that.
The new Congress could so
rub up and inflame the civil
rights issue as to make the
Democratic national conven-
ton of 1860 hardly less de-
structive than that of 1860.
OF this the Republicans are
entirely aware. Already, they
are maneuvering to drive
every possible civil rights
wedge into their Democratic
opposition-and the more so
because the tide has been so
running against them as to
make it highly uncertain
that the prospective Repub-
lican presidential nominee,
Vice President Richard M.
Nixon, could win in 1860 I'm
less there was a Democratic
breakup.
What are the Democratic
leaders to do about all this?
This is the question that en-
crosses them, at this very
moment, far more even than
the already consolidated
Democratic gain in Maine
and the prospect of many
other gains in November.
Here are some of the tenta-
tive answers worked out by
powerful Democrats:
They will be compelled next
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17

The Democratic Party's
ablest minds are occupied
only on the surface now with
the current congressional
campaign-which the Demo-
Gratis believe at this point they
have as good as won, any,
way.
These minds are mainly
turned instead toward a less
obvious but an incompara-
bly, more important matter:
The racial crisis raises the
greatest long-term danger to
the party since the Civil War.
Only partial, but nevertheless
chilling, parallels with the
destruction a century ago of
both the old Democratic and
Wing Parties are now being
seen.
The basic cause of diSsolu-
ton then was the inability Of
the moderates in either party
to prevent the extremists
from violently exploiting the
issue of slavery.
The Wings broke apart in
1855. The Northern Wings
went over largely to the Re-
publican Party. which for the
first time became q truly
national power thereby. The
Southern Wings went over
principally to the Democratic
Party. But that party in turn
was cut right down the mid
die on the same issue in 1860.
One of the results was the
presidency of Abraham Lin
coin.
Thus, the present Demo-
cratic problem is very similar
to a hundred years ago-this
time to accommodate the
school indignation issue as
between Northern liberals
and Southern resisters. A
further complicating factor,
moreover, is clearly present
now. This is the probability
that November will bring
heavy Democratic victories in
both Senate and House from
the North and West. Such
victories would enlarge the
inf1uence-and the demands
of the about migration
lists.
The all-Texan Democrat
ic congressional leadership
caused the last Congress to
break materially, If not quite
mortally, with the Old South
and to pass the first major
civil rights bill in eight dec
AIDES. 1t was even then touch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Divorce Law Change
Published in Britain

LONDON, Sept. II (AP).-
Amended divorce laws were
published in Britain yesterday.
They give judges the right to
refuse final DEGREES unless the
welfare of children of broken
marriages can be guaranteed.
Final divorce DEGREES at
present are granted in Britain
three months after the pre-
Iliminary divroce. Under the
new law, the divorce judge is
empowered to withhold the
final decree until he is salts
fed that arrangements for the
care, upbringing and education
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Air Forces to Merge
THE HAGUE. SENT N (AI

THE HAGUE. Sept. II (AP).
The Netherlands and Belgium
have agreed in principle on a
gradual merger of their air
forces, a Dutch spokesman an
nounced. Negotiations on the
possibility of joint purchase Of
Jets and establishment Of Joint
training schools began last
year,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Princess Margaret
Visits DistiIIery

ROTHES, Scotland. Sept. II
(AP). - Princess Margaret,
whose favorite drink is cham
payne on night out, dropped
in Unexpectedly yesterday at a
famous Scottish whisky distill-
cry.
The visit was at her request
but it was private and informal.
No details were given-es-
pecially on whether she tasted
any samples. But 1t was re-
ported officially she was inter-
ested by all she saw.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17

bridge until she had gone
gone ashore.
Forty-five years ago Capt.
Williams-titled the Commo-
.dore-went to sea. He has
faced subs, storms, seasickness
and sirens.
AS he left the S3,000-ton
Queen Elizabeth at Southarnp-
ton, he said he would retire
to his home in Liverpool.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17
Sound Decision

TAIPEI, Sept. II (AP)-
More than 800 girls attending
night classes in a Taipei NUM-
cipal school have been author
lied to shift to day classes.
Reason: All have night blind
ness.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-17

Of the children are satisfactory
-"or the best that can be
devised.
The law come into force
January /.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-05

The young woman, dressed
in black. said her husband got
along well with others very well
until March, when his whole
mode of living changed"
~At one time he was a happy
person, but his whole attitude
changed toward life and people.
He spoke Of people who once
were his friends as being against
him andf not liking him." Mrs.
Durham said.
In testimony yesterday, DR..
Thomas Griffin, head of Dis
trict Courts Legal Psychiatric
Services, told the jury of Dur
hams discharge from the Navy
in l945 because OF a personality
disorder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-05

torney that her client was men,
tally Ill on July 10 when he is
charged with taking part In the
yoke robbery of $437 from Ed
gar Lowenberg in the mems
room of the Virginia Grill,
Ninth street and New York ave-
nue. NV.
Charged with Durham In the
robbery is Jessie Broughman,
40, of the 300 block OF Mary
land avenue NE.
Mrs. Durham said she met
her husband early in 1856 when
they both worked at the Ma
tional Federation Of Federal
Employees here. She said that
she had been married before
and has a daughter by the first
marriage. but that on July 4
she gave birth to Durham's
son.
She said that since then she
has lived with her parents and
her husband lived with his
mother before his arrest on the
robbery charge because I'VE
were financially unable to get
our own place"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-05

committed to st. Elizabeths
Hospital because at the time
we lived outside the District"
Having recently moved from
Prince Georges County to Mont
gomery County, she said she
was unable to get public health
authorities to handle Durham's
case when she sought to have
him committed.
Her testimony was presented
to the jury in an effort to prove
the contention Of Durham's at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-05

bcot, IOOk tilC Sbdilu al ucltilSe
Of her 29-year-old husband as
his trial ON robbery charges
went into its third day.
Answering questions of Mrs.
Jean Dwyer. Durham's attor-
ney, and Assistant United
States Attorney Arthur j. Nc
Laughlin, Mrs. Durham said she
tried desperately" to have her
husband civilly committed TO a
mental institution this past
spring. She said she had been
unsuccessful in having Durham
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-05
Husband Has Changed,
Mrs. Durham 7 estifies
BY PHIL THOMAS
Star stan Writer

Attractive soft-spoken Mrs Monte Durham described her
controversial husband to District Court jury today as
derful husband whose attitude toward life changed" last
March
Mrs. Franny Durham, who two years ago married the
man whose name has been given TO the Districts legal insanity
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-11
STARTS SATURDAY

Voues thot have the whole ticking neishboy the
omiy budget onsIe sovnss" WE'LL good gets
os it, All this telling you about
visits The Heeh Co. and how prevewed 62nd
verso Sole voues We've told about how you'll fos
furniture, appliances everything you need your
Spring and Summer living About how cosy park any
the eeht Co. Stores about their credit pons your
And yes there's final thing we'd like add
the Heht Co. stores first thing for first
crock those huge selections and values that have the whole
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-25
CHECK OUR RIGHT PRICES ON
THESE ELECTRICAL
APPLIANCES

POSTMASTER List 1895 Automatic l-B24 Touster, I479
G-E List 1895 stsum-spruy and Dry Iron l4.59
Wurins List 44ss BIendOr. 1-spsed, chrome 1883
Sunbeam List 1925 Electric FEpun. loh" ------I3.99
Hoover List 1925 StuinIsss Stsom Iron --I4.88
Knapp, Monarch List 24s5 Rsdi-Buksr Oven --I7.99
Regime List $66 Twin Brush Woxer-PoIishsr 38.99
G-E List 1895 ROtisseie- Oven Combined 64.99
Shstlcnd List ssss Twin Brush Floor Poisher 29.99
Sunbeam List 1925 Lady Hair Dryer ----IS.99
TOustmostsr List 1895 3-SIes TOuster -------22.99
Westinghouse List 81 Portable Mixer, IS ----I5.99
osterirer List 1895 Blendor z-speed -----27.94
7h Floor, Washington: Ith Floor Silver Spring and
PARKiR0toR
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-25

Mr.. Rogers has appeared at
London's Palladium and on
American televidon shows.
The major is accused Of hit
ting Mr.. Rogers on the head
and kicking him. causing the
fracture Of a rib. He is also
charged with conduct unbecom-
ing an ofiicer.
Mr.. Rogers maintains Mai,
Bailey attacked him because he
and his troupe we're late for
their midnight appearance.
Since the incident Mai. Bal
ley has been under restriction.
Mr.. Rogers was admitted to
the United States Air Force
Hospital at Wiesbaden. treated
for a fractured rib and released
after three days.
II convicted Mai. Bailey faces
a maximum penalty Of i've
years Imprisonment and a dis
honorable discharge.