davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-15
Closed Schools
PafroIIed in
Little Rock
Spectators Gather
At Central High;
U.S.. Action Awaited

LITTLE ROCK. Ark, Sept.
IS CAPD.-A handful of specta-
tors gathered near Central High
School in Little Rock today
shortly before the hour when
the school normally would have
opened and police radio cars
began circling the grounds.
Automobiles carrying both
whites and Negroes cruised
slowly in front of the school.
There were no disturbances.
The school, scene of rioting
that brought paratroops to
Little Rock last year. remained
closed to students on orders of
Gov. Orval Faubus.
A group Of white girls, in
gymnasium uniforms, went into
the school. They told reporters
they were not going to attend
classes. They are drum major
cites, they said, practicing for
appearances at the high school
football games.
Special Armed Guards
In addition to the police
prowl cars, special armed
guards, employed by the school
board, were on duty at the
school. United States mar
shals, also in cars, appeared
from time to time but stayed
in cars.
State troopers, also armed.
came on duty at Gov. Faubus'
official residence at 9:i5 (EDT) !.
A reporter who passed through
the gate and approached the
mansion was ordered to leave.
The areas around the city's
other three senior high schools
were quiet.
Rain spattered the streets at
intervals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-15
TILE NIEATuED. Full Report
' VI~''IN' on Page Az

Sunny and warmer today. Fair tonight,
low around IS. Partly cloudy tomorrow,
highest about IS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

the beginning Of the next
school term after a final appeal
was exhausted in the Norfolk
and New Port News cases which
involved validity Of the States
pupil placement law. The Su-
preme Court refused to review
the Norfolk and Newport News
cases in October. and there has
been no activity in the Char
lottesville case since then.
When the desegregation de-
cree becomes effective, it will
forbid the Charlottesville
School Board from denyine
stu dents admission to any
school because of race. So far
Negro students have not asked
transfer to particular white
schools in Charlottesville but
are expected to do so as soon
as 1t is settled when the desc
gregation decree is to take
effect.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
French Miners
Strike for Duy

PARIS. April IL CP.-Nearly
100000 French miners went out
on a 24-hour strike today to
back demands for more than
So million in productivity
bonuses. Directors OF the ma
tionalized mines have rejected
the demands.
The walkout was the latest
Of a series Of strikes In trans
port. utilities and other fields
to support wage claims. The
government has opposed the
claims on the ground they
might touch of a chain reac-
ton Of raises. aggrayating in
flation.
Miners in the nations coal
and potassium mines and slate
quarries have warned that II
their demands are not met.
they will call an unlimited
walkout April 81. The miners
average about IS a day.
No incidents were reported
as miners answered the strike
call by Socialist. Communist
and Catholic Unions. A few Of
the pits contended operating
at two-thirds capacity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Court Conference Set
In Deseqreqotion Cose

HARRISONBURG, Va. April
IL (SpeciaD. - Federal Judge
John Paul has scheduled a
conference here May IL with
attorneys involved in the
Charlottesville desc gregation
case.
Judge Paul in 1856 ordered
Charlottesville to begin de-
segregation. but suspended en-
forcement Of his decree pend
ing outcome Of appeals bear
ing on the case.
Counsel for the National As
ISOLATION for the Advancement
Of Colored People are expected
to push for a prompt Begin
ming OF indignation in the
Charlottesville school system.
The clerks Office at Har-
risonburg said the conference
was arranged to go over what
has occurred since Judge
Paul's last decree was issued.
and consider what step is next.
It is to be an informal con-
ference" rather than a de
termintive hearing" the clerks
Office said.
When Judge Paul suspended
his desegregation order against
Charlottesville. he specified
that it would be effective at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Decision Due
On Tunisiu

PARIS, April IL R.-Pre-
mier Felix Gaillard met with
his cabinet today to decide
whether France will take its
Tunisian dispute to the United
Nations or accept a good offices
solution which might touch of
a right wing revolt.
The United States British
mediation team OF Unite d
States Undersecretary OF State
Robert Murphy and Harold
Beeley. British diplo m a t..
waited for Mr.. Gaillard to de-
eide.
Both have been in touch with
their home governments and
Tunis where President Habib
Bourguiba is described as I'M
patient. The dispute since
France bombed a Tunisian VII
lage February 8 on the charge
1t harbored Algerian rebels has
menaced Bourguiba's prestige
at home.
The good Offices team has
found more or less acceptable
solutions to most OF the dis
puted points. But Mr.. Gaillard
faces a right wing revolt in hts
cabinet II he doesn't insist on
strict controls over the Tu-
nisian-Algerian border as part
Of any settlement with Tu-
nisia. France accused Tunisia
Of helping the rebels across the
border.
A right wing wave Of resig-
nations would quickly tumble
Mr.. Gaillard's coalition gov
eminent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Patient Is Killed
Near Rosewood

OW1NGS MILLS, Md. April
IL (R.-Baltimore County po-
lice said last night q young
patient found on the grounds
Of the Rosewood State Train
ing School apparently had been
strangled.
The nude body Of Raymond
Schurg. 81, Of Midland. was
found in a wooded area about
a half-mile from the main
buildings. He had been miss
ing for nearly "a hours.
Police Capt. William j.
Simms said the victim probably
was killed Thursday night
The only evidence Of violence
we're marks around his neck.
Schurg had been admitted TO
the school for retarded chill
dren from Midland in Allegany
County In 1858. DR.. George c.
Medairy. school superintend-
ent. said he was unable to
speak and described him as lin
offensive and feeble minded. "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Drama Criticism
Award Created
By Nuthun Will

NEW YORK. April IL (P.-
The will of George Jean
Nathan. late dean of Broadway
drama critics. provides for an
annual award for the best
drama criticism written by an
American.
The will was filed for pro-
bate yesterday. Funeral serv-
ices for Mr.. Nathan. who died
last Tuesday at rs. were held
yesterday at st. Patrick's Ca
thedral.
Mr.. Nathan directed that
the net income of half his. es-
tate be set aside for the criti-
cism award. He bequeathed the
income from the other half of
his estate to his widow, Actress
Julie Hayden.
The will establishes a trust
fund for the widow. The estate
was formally valued at more
than $4,000 and unofficially in
excess of $500. 1000.
Mr.. Nathan left $4,000 tc
the Church of the Holy Child
in Philadelphia. His friendship
with the Right Rev. Msgr
Charles B. Mckinley. pastor Of
the church. repeatedly was q
factor in Mr.. Nathan's CONVEX.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Red Governor
Fired in China

HONG KONG, April IL UP.
Sun TSo Pin. a leader in the
Chinese Communist party for
80 years. has been fired as gov
ernor of Chinghai Province in
the Peiping governments con-
tinuing drive against rightists
in high places.
A March issue of the Ching
hal Daily, received here today,
said Sun was accused of sabo-
tagging party unity, aiding and
harboring anti Communists
and opposing the governments
campaign against counter
revolutionaries.
The anti-rightist drive is an
outgrowth of last years state
ment by Mao TZe-tung encour-
aging criticism of the govern
ment. AS the critics spoke out.
they were eliminated from their
posts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

been enormously built up by
the United States, absorbed
the manpower Of Eastern Eu-
rope. and the Chinese revo-
luton added nearly a fifth
Of the worlds population to
the Russian-led numbers,
concentrated, furthermore, in
a contiguous bloc.
Western firepower superb
GRITTY more than compensated
for this, or so it seemed, for
the United States alone pos
sessed the atomic bomb.
Then. in September. l949.
President Truman announced
rather casually that an A
bomb had been exploded in
Russia, and indicated that
nothing fundamental had
been changed-one of the
advertisements of all times.
Since then there have been
repeated demonstrations that
the Communist bloc is not
only vastly superior in num-
bers and conventional"
weapons. but possibly SUI
perior in firepower. They
have the H-bomb; the Sput-
mix indicates that they are
nearer than we to possessing
the intercontinental guided
missile.
Russian leaders from l945
onward displayed no queasi-
ness a bout thermometer
weapons. They concentrated
their espionage system upon
discovering every American.
Canadian and British secret,
and in Turing atomic scien-
lists from the West to Russia.
They were not deferred from
testing by fall-out dangers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

selves as the future leaders OF
the party" He referred to the
faction led by David Scull Of
silver Spring and George
Warner of Bethesda.
Earlier at the luncheon, WAL
ter w. Dawson. chairman of the
G o. P. County Committee and
a leader Of the regular forces,
uttered only a mild rebuke to
the assertion. saying he ex-
pected only a small primary. "
However. he added that
some Of the things being SAID
are not truly representative of
the policies Of the central
committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Military Power Held Main Factor
Still Determining World Policy

Underneath the barrage Of
words that promotes today's
diplomacy. the facts of life
really determine policies.
The effectiveness Of inter-
national political policies,
whatever they may be, still
depends on military power.
All countries accept this.
No matter to what extent
they seek other, nonmilitary,
measures for protecting their
position, these measures are
supported by the power to
defend them by military
means.
Even India. imbued as it is
by the spirit of Gandhi, main
tains a strong army. Small
states. militarily weak. seek
through alliances the military
support of strong states with
whose interests they identify
their own. Neutrals recognize
that they must be able mill
tarily to defend their neu-
trality.
Military power depends
upon numerous factors. nota-
bly, morale" But in physical
terms it consists Of numbers
tmanpowep and firepower.
the latter residing in scien-
tif1c : chronological weapons
development. The balance Of
power" depends upon the bal
ance between such military
factors.
In peace such a balance
encourages prudence. In war
the lack of 1t is decisive.
In the two world wars the
balance on both counts was
on the side Of the Allies. once
the camps" we're CONSOLE
dated. Superior both in num-
bers and firepower, the Allies
had won the war before
President Truman ordered
the first A-bomb dropped on
Japan.
But World War II and its
immediate aftermath did not
end in a balance of military
power between the victors.
Russia. whose firepower had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
POTOMAC FEVER
Harry Honon
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Togetherness Eisenhower Truman version: No sooner
did Harry arrive in Washington by overnight train than Ike
grabbed his golf clubs and fed SOUTH
Senator Kennedy jams his fingers convertible
top This is reasslrins in presidential candidate this
age OF panic danger of Kennedy finding the
button.
The chief issue in the Cuban revolt is liberty eternal
which every head in Cuba will he privileged to enjoy after
severing relations with its neck
Budget Director STAINS America be wrecked BY
financial responsibility Maybe after ITS years Of
it. the joints still standing.
When her sutton boasted he an expert on velvet
ropes the girl couldn't decide whether he all his spare
time in museums-or night clubs.
Ideal method to end the recession: Launch big public
works program consisting exclusively Of juvenile refoma
tories.
Harry Truman the way out Of the recession is to
work not buy Ike Will these statesmen please
explain how a guy out Of a job can do either oneP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
WILLIAM S. WHITE
NEW COLUMNIST
FOR THE STAR

Williom 5. White, Pulitzer
Prize winning Washington COR
respondent. will join The Stor's
Columnists on Monday.
Before resisnins recently TO
write for the United Feoture
Syndicate. Mr.. White wos o
prominent member Of the Wosh-
inston sureou Of the New York
Times Tor more thon II years.
His column. to oppeor Mondays.
Wednesdays and Fridoys. will in
clude the reporting and interpse-
lotion Of significant political de-
veIopments.
Mr.. Whites Pulitzer Prize vos
won in 1855 for his distinguished
biography Of the lote Senotor
Robert A. Tofi.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
7 Sentenced
InDynamiting

IDAHO FALLS. Idaho. April
IL R.-Two youths who adj
mitted setting of a dynamite
explosion to kill a young moth
er and collect $4,000 in insur-
ance were sentenced up to
IA years each yesterday.
Charles M. Feely. 10. and
Monte D. Moore. 81. pleaded
guilty to charges Of assault
with intent to commit murder
and waived rights to a 48-hour
waiting period before sentence
ing.
District Judge Henry s. Mar
tin reprimanded both Idaho
Falls youths severely and
passed sentence.
The young mother. Miss
Roene Gasser. "a. was injured
by the explosion but Is recov-
ering. Her 15-month-old son
was with her but was not hurt.
She was driving Moore's car
on an errand. Moore was the
beneficiary to the $4,000 life
insurance policy taken out by
Moore for Miss Gasser. Miss
Gasser and Moore had fire.
quently gone out together.
Besides the dynamite placed
in the car there had been sew
eral other explosions In the
Eastern Idaho city during the
latter part Of March. The
prosecution said the youths set
them Of so as TO suggest the
planned fatal one was an &C
cident. thus invoking the
policy's double indemnity clause
and giving a $4,000 payoff.
A brother OF Moore, Dennis,
20. was also charged with as
sault with intent to commit
murder in connection with the
explosion. He has waived pre-
liminary hearing and awaits
court action. No date has been
set,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

port to the Communists II the
abuses continue.
He told the Alexandria min
listers that those years OF
slavery under the thumb OF
England. France. Spain and
other nations are largely re-
sponsible for the Supreme
Courts desegregation ruling Of
1884" The educator said the
jurists realized that the West
has too little time to correct
those abuses and save the
world from Communist domi.
nation"
He said the South's central
weakness Is that the white
population has so little conn.,
dence In It's own power to lead
and to spread democracy that
all 1t has left to do Is run
This is moral powerlessness
which shows all too clearly
that the South already has
abandoned mankind"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Mallory Decision

Edward Bennett Williams
deserves the thanks of Dis
trict residents for his MASTER
ly explanation in The Sunday
Star Of why the Mallory"
decision was just. In defining
the function of the United
States Commissioner in the
District Of Columbia. he has
shown clearly 1t is the re-
sponsibility of this dignitary
to determine If probable
cause Is present to believe the
accused has committed a
crime-not merely the opin-
ion of the police. He also ex-
plains when the accused is
booked" he acquires an ar
rest record. publicly. II he is
an adult. The "dragnet" is a
cruel weapon irrevocably
branding the innocent. 1t
often comes to naught. as in
the case involving Clarence
Watkins with murder. when
a couple Of hundred people
were arrested on suspicion Of
murder. Watkins was not
one them-his arrest was
through flngerprints in an
other case - rape. The
thought that fear of detec-
ton afterwards will deter the
type of inferior intellect pos
sessed by the individuals
breaking and entering and
committing the eous
crimes on the streets is ridic-
ulous. To contend they will
be impressed by stiff punish
ment melted out to another
for a similar crime committed
a year or so past is as absurd.
The only protection for the
public is policemen on the
streets in uniform. showing
these potential criminals,
with subnormal minds. the
improbability Of their being
able to carry out tn cir
criminal designs and not be
caught on the spot.
I cannot understand Ed
ward Bennett Williams rea-
soning in defending the deci-
sion in the Mallory case.
The 19-year-old boy Of
limited intelligence that he
defends was smart enough to
mask his face before COM
hitting his crime; that shows
he knew what he was doing.
Why should a boy or man
Of limited intelligence with
criminal intent be allowed to
go free and prey on others
just because of a technical
clause?
The violation Of a persons
body is the most heinous Of
crimes. and he defends the
decision to let it 60 unpun-
iShedl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Diplomacy and Facts of Life

They left the publication OF
these to the scientists and
publicists of the West. One
would think from their press
and propaganda that only
American mbs produced
radioactivity. and only to the
West do they attribute "ag-
gressive" designs.
This column is not accus-
ing the Soviets of planning to
launch a military attack. We
say only that the Russian
accusation is patiently false,
and their leaders know it.
The only stance the West can
take now is of defense. Even
were the West dominated by
a vigorous martial spirit,
even were it under a dictator
needless Of public opinion.
its position would have to be
defensive. 1t is vastly outnum-
bered by the other camp
a military term that Mr..
Khrushchev perpetually uses
and it is not superior in
f1repower.
1t is possible, I think prob
able, that the Soviet camp is
also defensive. Nevertheless.
1t can more safely take mill
tary risks than we. And were
there to be no firepower
shield for what is left of the
free world there would be
no shield at all. and very
little risk indeed for any
Russian leader who might
decide to force military de-
cision.
l owe to John Gunther's
Inside Russia Today" the
intelligence that THE Soviet
Union has more glider troops
and parachutists than all the
armies of the rest Of the
world combined"
What are they practicing
Tor? The Olympic Games?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

yesterday that "nob0dy's SO
unsophisticated as to believe
that the URO is more than
five or 10 people.
The 32-year-old candidate
for the House Of Delegates in
the G. o. P. primary Knocked
URO claims of grass roots sup
port. which. he said. could be
justified only under a fanci-
full version of history" =
He charged that. in the URO
formation of its primary slate,
nobody was interviewed and
some who submitted their
qualifications were never con-
sidered."
The URO. he added. "is DOM
mated by those who see them
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Pounds Debt Poid2

The recent appeal of the
poet Robert Frost for the re-
lease of Ezra Pound has re-
ceived too little attention in
many Of our metropolitan
newspapers. In fact. in these
days when 1t is both popular
and proper to raise the BAN
ner for those embattled in
injustice. 1t seems astonish-
ing that Pound should be
such an object Of ignorance.
For here is a man who by
natural right Of a sublime
talent should have straddled
our American literature for
generations. That he is by
choice a traitor in the full
meaning of the word has APP
parently escaped those moan
ers for the minority who have
SO corrupted and undermined
our system of law.
Yet here is also another
man, past 70, who has spent
some Is years In st. Eliza
beths. For although he can
not elude the name traitor.
he can neither escape the
diagnosis of mental incom-
petent. Surely 1t must be
noted that while rapists and
killers are freed by the tech
meal luxury of the law. this
true giant and unforgettable
master of our tongue is i'm
prisoned and Gagged up as a
relic Of a war which is by now
ancient. Once justice has
been served. humanity has an
obligation to at least be sat-
isfied.
Franz r naWAdeit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12

won't be by yourself" DR.. john
son told them. Others have
died that way too"
The prominent educator and
former minister urged the
preachers stand up and be
counted" while addressing the
Alexandria Ministerial Associa-
ton at the George Mason Hotel
in downtown Alexandria. The
association has both white and
Negro members. Members OF
both races were present. and
both applauded his talk.
DR.. johnson said that South
ern ministers have "the great.
est opportunity preachers have
had as long as the world ha,
stood-to play q Significant
role In Kidding the United
States and subsequently the
world of racial discrimination
and hate"
But you're being told what
to do by prominent members Of
your congregations. the sam,
men and women who boast o.
their membership in State Leg.
islatures. including the Virgins
General Assembly, white cit
liens councils and the Ku Klu,
Klan," he said.
DR.. johnson told the preach.
ers to tell such parishioneri
that true democracy and Chris.
tianity are not dead in thu
South.
TELL them to get out anC
make room for men and WON.
en- who have the intellectual
and moral strength to fight fol
what is right" he said.
DR.. johnson said the South Il
running away from the rae,
problem instead OF trying h
right the wrongs 1t is doing
which day by day feed tn,
propaganda mills Of the Sovief
Union"
The educator told the gather
ing that the world Is under
going a fantastic revolution
the rise Of the black. brown ant
yellow races from 500 years o.
slavery and abuse"
And the Western World" h,
continued, will lose their sup
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-12
Neutral Indio

RASAAN oSAAOOA otCAAAs
Arlington Parent.
Neutral India
In a letter to The Star.
April 2. Dorothy Thompson
declares that India is a
neutral nation. Apparently.
neutral" in Miss Thomp-
sons lexicon. includes any
nation which advocates adj
mission of Communist China
to the United Nations, stop
ping the bomb tests and a
summit meeting on Soviet
terms, or any other proposal
emanating from Moscow. In
his latest demonstration Of
neutrality" Prime Minister
Nehru gave his official blessing
to ceremonies on April 8 in
the four largest Indian cities
to celebrate the Goth birthday
of the Negro singer,
Paul Robson. and proclaim
ed: Celebration of his BIRTH
day is something more than
a tribute to q great in
dividual. It is also a tribute
to that cause for which he
has stood and suffered" The
only United States policy Of
which Nehru approves is
foreign aid and Miss Thornp-
son probably will point to the
fact that this administration
has adopted her definition Of
neutral" and continues to
favor Nehru with millions of
our hard-earned tax dollars.
When our United Nations
Ambassador. Henry Cabot
Lodge. visited India in Febru-
uary he was effusively well
coined by the bitterly anti
American and pro-Soviet
Krishna Menon with an ex-
change Of noSegays and back
slapping. Together they made
public appearances at leftist
rendezvous where Mr.. Lodge
was fawned upon by the COM
rades. The pro- Communist
sheet. Blitz. editorially re-
joiced at Mr.. Lodges fiat
tering attitude toward
KriShna Menon" which.
Blitz concluded. proved that
Menon was just the man to
lead Washington to the sum-
nit.
Yes, this is the same Mr..
Lodge who. a few short years
ago. refused to shake hands
with Comrade Vishinsky. APP
peasement now seems to be
the order Of the day.
Old ReactiOnary,