davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
EDITORIAL
SEVERE TEST FOR THE CUBAN PEOPLE

Political events in Cuba, tragic in great part, have
entered lately a phase delicate in extreme, which is to be
hoped will result in a patriotic and democratic solution
for that noble Antlian people, with the complete recovery
OF their rights as soon as possible, and within a climate of
serenity and good judgment, as circumstances permit.
In the face of the existing serious crisis, which not
even the Government tries to deny any more, a crisis
which determined the dramatic call made by the Venerable
Cuban EpiScOpate, in the sense of suggesting formation
of a National Unity Government which may rescue Cuba
from chaos; in the face of that situation, we repeat, it is
indispensable that patriotism and practical wisdom that
are a duty both for the Government and for the opposition,
inspire the acts and purposes of the work for restoration
of democracy in the lOng-suffering Fatherland of MART.
After all that has happened; after so much violence
and %blOOdShed, both in the battlefieldS and the streets of
the capital, as well as almost all Cuban cities, ~rehabilita-
tiOn of the country is no easy task. However, If the sense
of patriotism prevails; If each and everyone put aside tran
STORY interests for the sake of restoring the ideals of the
Republic; if the noble spirit and thought enlightened by
the Apostle who died in Dos Rios inspire and encourage
the national movement which must be produced to save
Cuban democracy, to solve the depressing crisis of the
moment, that political rehabilitation would not be so diff
ficult.
The history of the Cuban people and their ardent desire
for living in freedom and for freedom, are evidence of
their sense of responsibility; and it is to be hoped that this
sense will not be lacking even for a moment, now that
the attitude of the people, interpreted by the Bishops of
the Nation, is determining events which justify the hope
of prompt notifications in the political life of the Republic.
1t is to be hoped that the Government, in the part
corresponding to it, conscious of its historic responsibilities,
will make easier the democratic reorganization of Cuba, so
that sacrifices of youth will stop and hate will not continue
growing, for the ~wellbeing of all the Cuban people, which
includes, after all, both those in the Government and those
In the immense sector of the opposition.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Washington Post Points Out Weak
Spots on U. S. Hemisphere Policy

has drenched in cold water most
Latin suggestions for a broad de-
velopment program, without Sug-
costing much of an alternative.
Further it is widely believed that
Argentina and Brazil were denied
credits in Washington because
both countries are determined to
develop some resources by govern
ment monopolies. Is it any wonder
that both countries resent this
seeming dictation and are tenta-
lively looking east for help denied
in Washington? Isn't it a sad com
mentary that more help was given
the anti-American Peron Dictator
ship than the pro-American Aram-
buru provisional regime in Ar
gentina?
"In the marts of commerce,
there is grave danger that the
tourniquet of protection may choke
off inter-American trade. The Unit
ed States has wisely given its bles-
sings to the creation of a Latin
American common market. Yet,
while urging free trade elsewhere,
the Government has boosted "vo-
luntary" oil import restrictions
and is considering a sharp increase
in lead and zinc tariffs-all pri-
mary Latin export commodities.
Senator Smathers has suggested
some form of direct subsidy for
domestic industries in distress, ra-
Their than the indirect subsidy of
a tariff. This may not be the best
solution, but at least there ought
to be a conscientious search for
a less mischievous remedy than
the walling off of our ports. Pal
pably, there is need for construc-
tive discussion. Much can be done,
if the problem is faced. There are,
Kipling said, 100 ways to build a
tiger trap and all of them are good.
The important point is to recognize
that. a menacing tiger is afoot".
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Scores Killed
in Worst Rail
Disaster in
Brazil History

RIO DE JANEIRO, March 8. =
(UP).-An engineer who failed to
heed a warning smashed his train
into three other stalled trains at
a suburban station north of Rio
de Janeiro last night causing one
of the worst rail- disasters in Bra
lillian history, police said today.
Rescue worker had recovered SO
bodies up to this morning and
four more persons died in hospi-
tails, bringing the death toll to 40.
Some newspapers said the death
toll might go as high as 80.
Authorities at first believed only
three trains were involved. But
today they said three electric
trains were stalled on the tracks
by a rain and hail storm near
Pacencia station and a fourth bar
relied into them.
They said a station master at
Campo Grande, the station next to
Paciencia, warned the engineer of
the fourth train to slow down be-
cause of the weather but the en-.
gineer apparently ignored it.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Wrong" Policy Of Help
to Dictators AssaiIed
by Outstanding Writer

observer to arrive to conclusions
as Communism in Latin Americs
operates in a clandestine manner.
Communism in Latin America,
he continues, it is an attitude
fl~uctuating according to the reac.
lions provoked by US. policy in
the twenty southern Republics.
"The Good Neighbor Policy
sponsored by Franklin D. Roose,
welt, he adds, maintained com.
munists inactive, although their
actions were not illegal. But the
lack of comprehension demostrat-
ted by Eisenhower's two terms, on
the other hand, characterized by
the tactless John Foster) Dulles,
has encouraged a pro Soviet at
titude. The greatest aid has been
the wrong policy of Washington
favoring the most extremist die.
tators".
AS an example to illustrate this
wrong attitude Arciniegas men
lions the cases of Argentina and
Cuba.
Argentina gave a good demon
Stration of faith and resolution in
the busting of Per6n", he affirms.
But when men responsible for the
busting faced the problem of re-
Mobilization of their country which
Peron and impoverished and ruin
ed, no country came to the rescue
as it was done with other coun-
tries. To understand how little has
been done for Argentina let us re-
call the help the United States
gave to Italy after the war. He
continues, referring to the "tra-
gedy in Cuba, the monst striking
in the history of the Americas.
"There, he adds, the students
have been the vanguard of a great
movement, for a long time, to eS-
tablish liberty and functioning of
a representative Government, so
rudely curbed by General Batista.
The whole country is supporting
them, but Batista's desire for
power is so decisive that he will
not surrender his office until he
has bathed with blood the whole
country and reduced it to ashes.
"The ghosts voice in the United
States has not hesitated saying
that Fidel Castro and the Cuban
people behind him, are COM
munists", Arciniega declares.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
HEMISPHERE EVENTS
Colombian Church
Hits Supporters
Of L~oUreono Gomez

BOGOTA. (UP). - The official
Catholic newspaper, Gel Catolicis-
mo-, makes a strong attack on
groups supporting ex-President
Laureano Gomez, whom it accused
directly of having insulted the
Archbishop of Colombia. Crisan-
to Cardinal Luque.
Gel Catolicismo" publishes an
editorial that has been widely COM
mented in political circles, since
it appeared after the newspapers
opposed to Gomez and supporters
of presidential candidate CUTLER
mo Leon Valencia, began a cam
paign recalling criticism by Go
mez of the Colombian Church.
Conservatives have been tradi-
tional supporters of the Catholic
Church and the Episcopate.
Almost simultaneously, the
Archbishop of Medellin, Mons. Tu-
Ito Botero Salazar, excommunicat-
ed extremist groups, not identified
yet, who attacked and threw stones
wounding Fray Severe Velasquez
In that city last Tuesday. The at
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
RoJAS PINILLA'S AID
ARRESTED IN BOGoTA

BOGOTA, March 8. -(UP).-
Colonel Daniel Cuervo Araoz, who
was one Of the men of trust of
ex-General Gustavo Rojas Pinilas,
was arrested for the execution of
Tito Orozco, ex-official of National
police.
Cuervo Araoz returned to Co
lombia about a week ago summon
ed by the National Government.
Formerly he had been supervisor
of Embassies in Central America.
Tito Orozco disappeared miste-
riously years ago but his widow
furnished information of a per-
sonal investigation, proving, she
says, that her husband was shot
The official investigation was
opened after Rojas Pinillas' Gust
ing, in whose government CuervC
was Governor of Caldas Depart
ment.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
NIxON'S VIEW ON
LATIN AMERICA HIT

TALLAHASSEE (UP)- A po-
litical scientist Friday accused
Vice President Richard Nixon of a
shocking shallowness' in his I'M
derstanding Of Latin American re-
lationS with this country.
DR.. Philip B. Taylor of Tulane
University said that articles writ
ten by Nixon following a 1855 tour
of Central American and Carib-
bean areas contained false and
ridiculous statements.
Addressing the annual South
eastern Conference on Latin Anne
rican Studies here, Dr.. Taylor drew
a roar of laughter from fellow de-
legates when he quoted Nixon as
saying the US. and Panama have
a tradition of friendly and peace
full cooperation (and) for over so
years have satisfactorily resolved
mutual problems"
Whereas, Taylor said, this coun-
try has very little in common
with Latin American countries his
torically, economically or political
ly and history is spotted with diff
ficult situations which have not
been solved in a friendly manner"
He said "where the us. and Pa
anama have gotten along is in
times when we controlled the do
mestic-political situation of Pana-
MAJ. He said the relationship
could be likened to that of Soviet
Russia and Czechoslovakia.
He said none Of Nixon's articles
fare indicative of any understand
ing on the vice presidents part OF
the true situation and they show a
shocking shallowness on his part
of U.S.-Panamanian relations"
He called Nixon's statements
"bland and meaningless genera
l~izations."
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
CUBAN SUGAR SALES TO RUSSIA
EXPECTED TO INCREASE IN 1858

WASHINGTON (UP) The
United States Commerce Depart
ment said that the Cuban sugar.
grinding season started in January
a month earlier than usual, with a
lower price outlook for sugar and
molasses in 1858, and prospects
for continued sales to Russia.
Seven sugar mills previously
owned by United States interests
were sold to Cuban interests dur.
ing january, reducing the num-
Der of American-operated mills
from 40 to SO. The remaining Unit
ed States.owned mills produced
about SO per cent of the 1857 Cub.
an sugar crop.
The Commerce Departments
Foreign Commerce Weekly said
that the Russian Government pur-
chased 100000 Spanish long tons
of Cuban sugar for February-April
delivery at 1856 cents per pound,
freight on board Cuba.
"Rumors were strong toward the
end of January that Russia was
negotiating the purchase of an ad-
ditional 100000 tons of Cuban SUI
gar" the weekly stated.
The Cuban Government has is
sued a decree limiting the 1858
sugar crop to 5,500,000 Spanish
long tons.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
lea as the Non-Intervention
Principle.

lea as the Non-Intervention
Principle.
When it was decided, reason
ably enough, to combat Com
munism in Guatemala, the much
handled Non-Intervention Prin-
ciple was not erected as a phan-
tom, to oppose a firm and sus-
tanned attitude of all the Gov
ernments of America that discus
sed the internal problems of
Guatemala in notes exchanged
between Chancelleries and in
public declarations. AS it is
recalled, the Meeting of the Min
listers of Foreign Affairs was
not held as a result of the quick
downfall of the proc Communist
regime of Guatemala.
The conscience of America
stood up firmly against the poll
cy of intervention followed by
the United States in the initial
decades of this century, and the
concept on which that attitude
found support is still valid, but,
Of course, only in those cases
where the circumstances are
similar to the ones that at that
time caused such popular reac-
ton and indignation.
Let not a historical fact, the
sentiment of nations, a serious
%juridical rule, as is everything
related to the Non-Intervention
Principle, be twisted around to
produce a negative instrument
that may slow down the demo.
cratic progress Of America.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Subscribe to the
Americas Daily


"The Committee believes the
completion of the Inter-American
Highway will result in an overall
development of a stronger, freer
and more enduring economy in
the Central American countries
through which the highway passes.
It will also greatly enhance the
transportation and development
value of the Pan American High
way system, built entirely by the
Republic of Mexico, extending
from the southwest boundary Of
the U. S. to the connection with
the Inter-American Highway at
the northern boundary of Guate-
mala".
CIR
The bill is expected to be cal.
led up in the House later this week
or early next week.
RUGGED PATROLMAN SOUGHT
BY MEXICAN POLICE
MEXICO CITY (UP)-- The pa
lice department looked today for q
rugged patrolman to take over the
beat. on the dark streets near the
city's drainage canal. Patrolman
Angel Villegas, who had the beat,
has applied for a transfer. He was
beaten up by three thugs who stole
his watch, money and pistol and
J then tossed him in the canal.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09

NEW YORK, March SUPP
German Arciniegas, ex-Minister of
Education of Colombia, educator
and writer, in an article published
by the European magazine "West-
ern World" says there are three
types of communists in Latin
America; two of them created by
imagination and the other one
real.
Of the two that evidently pre-,
vail in Latin America more than
in any other part of the world,
are:
1.-THE communism of which
,d~ictators speak when they wish
to reinforce their despotic govern
mentS with arms from the United
States, he affirms.
Second, the Communism" of
the American industries with a
philosophy which can be express
sed in these terms: what tie Amer
lean investor does not approve,
that is Communism.
of real communism in Latin
America A%rciniegas affirms its
strength is very limited, although
he admits it is hard for the casual
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09

"The Washington POST, lead
ing newspaper in the US. capital,
recently published an editorial on
U.S.-Latin American relations, un-
der the title OUR FESTIVE
NEIGHBORS", which says:
els the United States, through
blindness and apathy, letting its
prestige dip to a perilous low in
Latin America? The recent cleo
lions in Argentina and Guatemala
both showed a troubling common
element. Candidates most friendly
to the United States trailed badly,
while extremist critics of this
country surged in strength. A sur
vey of 20 Latin diplomatic missions
in Washington, taken by United
Press reporter Henry Raymond,
shows dismaying results. Speaking
off the record, Mr.. Raymond re-
ports, the diplomats "are frustrat-
ed and bitterly critical about what
they term the apparent lack of
interest of the men -. guiding
US. foreign policy.
elm a searching and cogent
speech, Senator Smathers of Flo
rida put his finger on the crux of
the matter: economics. Latin Anne
RIGA, rich in resources, in an area
in a hurry to raise living stand
ards, rub out illiteracy and forge
stable political institutions. Our
neighbors want loans-and a fair
chance to trade in the United
States market. The United States
has everything to gain by helping.
Nearly every dollar that goes to
Latin America comes back to the
United States in the form of pur-
chase of our goods.
"Yet, as Senator Smathers points
out, this country seems to be drift.
ing aimlessly in its response
and, by inaction, inviting Soviet
trade penetration into our very
back yard. The State Department
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09

diplomats at an informal luncheon
here.
One of the diplomats told the
UP. after the dinner that the Lat
in Americans "heard with great
pleasure" Rubottom's statement.
The luncheon was the second
such meeting of GAS ambassadors,
who have decided to periodically
hold informal meetings to ex-
change viewpoints on mutual pro-
blemS. At the end of the meeting
it was decided that DR.. Jose A
Mora, GAS Secretary General,
should be the guest of honor for
the next one.
Rubottom seemed to be salts
fled with the increasing interest
Congress is taking in Latin Ameri-
can affairs. He said, however, that
the Government expects strong op-
position for legislative approval of
foreign aid, because of the eco
nomy tendency in the country now.
He explained some measures the
Government is taking to end the
economic crisis.
He asked the Latin American
diplomats to try to understand the
reasons some us. legislators have
for requesting increases on i'm
port duties on some articles, me-
tails in particular, but insisted that
the State Department continues
maintaining a liberal attitude on
foreign economic policies.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
MEXICAN GOVT. RESTRICTS
IMPORTS OF USED CARS

MEXICO CITY. -(UP).- The
Government announced that auto
mobiles made prior to 1858 will
be barred from entering Mexico
across the United States border.
The Department of Economy
said that henceforth the Mexico
US. border will be closed to cars
of 1852 or older models.
The announcement said only Me-
xicans living in border towns will
be permitted to drive vintage
autos into Mexico, and even then
in limited numbers.
The move is part of a campaign
to stop the sale of second hand
car in Mexico, on which no i'm
port duties are paid.
A special Automobile Registry
Bureau was set up to register all
motor vehicles made after 1852.
The border closure is an attempt
to stop the illegal sale of cars
which will not be registered.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
hershey Cuban INTEREST," Sold
For More Than S24 Million

NEW YORK (UP)- Cuban At
lantic Sugar Co., currently liquidat
ing its assets, announced 1t has
sold its Hershey properties to Chi
riqui Sugar Mills Corp. for $24,
100000.
The Hershey properties consist
of six subsidiary companies. The
sale price included SIS million in
cash and sig, 500, 900 in shortterm
collateral trust notes. Liquidation
plans were approved by stockhold
r earlier this week.
Cuban Atlantic Chairman John
L. Loeb said that in the next year
company stockholders will receive
liquidating distributions from the
proceeds of the Hershey sale, the
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
WIN PENDLEToN

| CAT OUT OF BAG? = The Flo.
rida colony in Washington is bug
'zing over an item that appeared
in the society columns here last
week. 1t was anout a party given
for Mr.. and Mrs. Claude Pepper
and said in part: THE party was
given to celebrate the opening of
Mr.. Peppers campaign in Florida
for the seat o held by Senator
Spessard Holland" Speculation is
that ne didn't mean for the item
to appear that he would have
chosen to make the announcement
in Florida rather than at a Wash.
ington cocktail party. Hollands of.
flee seemed happy about the news,
They appeared to be relieved to
know what to expect - can now
turn on their full plans for q hard
hitting campaign.
MIAMI AIR BOOM - Usually
when a military installation moves
out Of an area. the economy sui
fers. But when the US. Navy gives
up the airfield at Opa Locka and
resettles in Beaufort, S. c., it is
expected to open the door for
amazing developments in the Mia
mi area Three fields, now occup
led by the military, will be turned
over to the Dade County Port Au
thority. The Development Commits
sion estimates that within 10 years
27,650 new jobs will be created
with an annual payroll reaching
$189 million. Only sad note comes
from the Navy personnel and EN-
ployeeS at 0pa Locka who don't
want to move sway from Florida.
FAME is SPREADING The
speech by Congressman Billy Mat
thews that We wrote about last
week did not go unnoticed. Con
gresham Charlie Bennett already
has submitted il to the Freedom
Foundation for consideration for
an annual award. The foundation
annually recognizes outstanding ar
ticles and speeches. Also, Congress
man Matthews was invited to re
peat his speech before the con
sregation of one of Arlington's
churches last Sunday morning.
HER MAJESTY - Ann Davis il
F1orida's Cherry Blossom Prins
cess for 1858. She was elected at d
dinner staged by the Florida State
Society here last week. Miss Davis,
2S, is a trim brunette, is a secre
tary in the office of Congressman
Billy Matthews. She was graduated
from the University of Florida in
1855 with a B.A. degree in Spa
nish. She is the daughter of Mr..
and Mrs All Davis, of Palatka
and has worked for the Congress
man for the past year. As Cherry
Blossom Princess, she will be hon
ored in all of the activities which
center around annual Cherry Bios
som Festival. On March 25th, prin
cesSes from A. states will hold
their breath while the wheel Of
fortune" will select one to be
crowned Cherry Blossom Queen
for the nation.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
U. 5. Cuban Sugar Council Asks
For Trade Agreement Extension

WASHINGTON (UP)- The
United States Cuban Sugar Coun
Gil has urged Congress to extend
the Presidents tariff regulating
powers for five years as a meal
of expanding US. - Cuban trade.
The Council also asked Congress
to strike out an amendment which
would make it possible for us.
import duties to be raised so per
cent over 1880 Tariff Act rates.
The amendment was proposed
by the Administration when it
asked for a five year extension OF
the Reciprocal Trade Agreements
Act.
In a statement filed with the
house ways and means committee,
the Council said Cuba is currently
engaged in revising its tariff laws
and will shortly be negotiating with
the United States concerning pro
posed changes applicable to U. s.
proQuctS.
1t is important that the United
States remain in a position to ne
gotiate effectively, as provided for
in the reciprocal Trade Agree
ments Act, so as to facilitate fur
ther increases in trade between
the two countries" the Council
said.
The Council is composed OF Com
panies which own or operate SD
gar properties in Cuba. The stock
holders are predominantly us. ci-
tizens, a Council spokesman said.
The spokesman said Council com.
panies account for approximately
s. per cent of the total Cuban
sugar output.
The Ways and Means Commit.
Tee has been holding a series OF
hearings on the Administration
backed bill for extending the
Trade Agreements aAct.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Eisenhower Dulles Have
Great Interest in Closer
Relations in Hemisphere

WASHINGTON, March 8 (UP)-
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
and Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles have great interest in pro-
noting closer relations with the
Western Hemisphere Republics,
Roy R. Rubottom, Assistant Sec
rotary of State for Latin Ameri-
can Affairs told Latin American
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09
Latin American Finance
and Trade News Reports

cash and securities, and the stock
of Compania Azucarera Atlantica
del Golfo its main operating sub
sidiary.
He added that initial liquidating
distribution should be made this
sprine.
Diario las Américas., 1958-03-09

tack was made when a group tried
to enter the school directed by
Fray Severe, to force the students
to participate in a strike.
The conservative newspaper lei
Archbishop's accommodation
Colombiano" blames Gomez follow
ers for the attack, but the Arch
bishops excommunication state
ment says in the student strike
Strange elements, some of marxist
orientation, had in~filtrated'.