davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
9 D. C. Students
Get FeIIowships

Nine District students are
among 1880 from all over the
United States who have won
one-year Woodrow Wilson Ma
tional Foundation fellowships
to prepare for college teaching
professions.
The awards, for $l,l0O plus
tuition. will 60 to:
Jack D. Brooks Of l705
Pennsylvania avenue NV. to
study public administration at
Western Reserve University;
Martha r. Dorf. 1903 Georgia
avenue NV. chemistry, Ameri-
can University; and Richard A.
Firda. 1900 Hall place NV,
comparative literature, George
Washington University.
Also, Frederick Hoffman, 5o2b
Third street NV. mathematics,
Georgetown University: Michael
q. Hammer. 1915 Kalmia road
NV. history. George WASH
ington, and Barbara Z. Pinney,
1895 Legation street NV,
political science. Bryn Mawr
College.
Also Herbert J. Plummer,
6243 Forty-second street NV,
drama, Catholic University;
Michael c. Senturia, SCOT
Thirty.third street NV, music,
Harvard University, and Sylvia
J. washington. 1915 Thirteenth
place NE, modern French
literature, Trinity College.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
Brucker Letter
Hit by Ce||er
~ the Associated Press

|
The House Antitrust Sub
committee has been told Secre-
tary Of the Army WILDER M
Brucker strongly urged the
Justice Department not t.
bring to trial an antitrust suit
against the American Tele-
phone g. Telegraph Co.
The committee Is studying
settlement Of antitrust cases
by consent DEGREES, or by agree
ment rather than trial. It put
in its record O letter Mr.
Brucker wrote December 6,
1854, in his capacity at the time
of general counsel Of the De-
Partment Of Defense.
Chairman Celler, Democrat
of New York. said he did not
think Mr.. Brucker should have
written the letter as he did
He sort Of acted as counsel for
AT6T. he was an advocate for
AT&T."
But Representative Heating
Of New York, senior Republic
can member Of the committee.
said he though Mr.. Brucker had
done an admirable job Of point
ing out the basis Of the De-
Tense Departments interest in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
Feeling That Gloom Is Uniustified
Found in Some Wisconsin Observers
DORIS FLEEsON

MISUNDERSTANDING OBJ
servers feel that Republican
gloom and doom in this
traditionally Republican
State are unjustifled. Yet
Republican officeholders
seem to 60 out Of their way
to advertise their apprehen-
sions and differences with
the Eisenhower administra-
ton.
All the Wisconsin Repub-
licans in the House-thsre
are now six--knew there
wasn't a chance that Presi-
dent Eisenhower would sign
the bill freezing farm price
supports. But they rushed
into print with o letter to
him urging liim to do so and
implying tartly that he was
being fooled by Agriculture
Secretary Benson, Sherman
Adams. his principal aide.
and Gabriel Eauge, his eco
nomic adviser.
Gov. Vernon Thomson con-
fides to reporters his desire
to see Mr.. Benson, Secretary
of State Dulles and most Of
the Eisenhower stan depart
from the scene. He has re-
fused to call a special cleo
ton in a normally safe Re-
publican district to I'LL the
seat Of the late Representa-
tive Lawrence smith for fear
of a Democratic triumph
that would further deplete
Republican morale.
All this makes the Demo-
Gratis very happy. but they
are much less optimistic than
the Republicans are peSsi-
miStic. Democrats say they
may pick up one or two
House seats: Republicans
groan that unless Mr.. Benson
is fred. they may lose all
but one or two.
Republicans still have the
issue that has served them
particularly well in this farm
State with its heavy German
descended population. It rs
peace. which here often takes
the form Of isolationism. In
other respects, the times do
not well serve them.
Many Of their important
party leaders are unrecon-
structed members Of the Re:
publican right, scarcely rec
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
POTOMAC FEVER.
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike's veto Of the farm bill didn't please many Re-
publicans Ike may be able to stand principle" said
one q. o. p. Senator, but darn II run on it."
First Republican: "If the Conservatives can sweep
Canada, why can't we?" Second Republican: I'VE can.
This fall firmly expect US to sweep everything from
Hudson Bay to Labrador"
Britans BIC bans all Jokes about summit talks nucear
tests and British statesmen This reminds you Of the cast
away desert island who swears on ice cream
Russias decision to halt H-bomb tests didn't sway a
single neutral. Every Of the uncommitted nations
remains soldly neutral against John Foster Dulles
Man is blustery little fellow who stamps ants and
shoots rockets at the Did you see him
to wreste Honor fire an H-bomb at the sun?
Politicians Of the best-seller list Life Plus 90
Yearsdary of freshman Democratic Senator sentenced
to serve under Leader Lyndon johnson.
Adlai Stevenson says far he is concerned, the
ONCE has quit seeking the The is the ONCE
found the it weren't for Gettysburg Augusta
Townsville and Denver 1t might have kept him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
The Warning Against Tax Cuts

higher prices. The labor
monopoly in the auto In
dustry. for example. Is about
to increase the costs Of auto
mobiles.
Which would the Nation
prefer-economic anarchy as
at present, with Its dangerous
declines and the accumulat-
ing Of huge deficits in the
Treasury as pump printing"
measures are voted by Con-
gress. or some form Of eco
nomic restraint such rs wage
and price control? If the
Congress voted for a one
year wage and price control
law, 1t could halt the trend
toward imitation at least long
enough to permit the nation
al economy to gain strength.
But If nothing is to be done
to restrain organized greed
and particularly the politi-
cally minded union leaders
who feel they cannot hold
their Offices unless they win
increases in wages-then the
present recession viii indeed
deepen into a real depression
and the end result could be
wage and price control any
how.
So the alternatives which
Elder Statesman Baruch now
presents are Enthusiastically
clear in their warning Of the
disaster that lies ahead un-
less the right measures Of
restraint are applied now.
Few men in Congress, for
political reasons. would dare
to come out in favor Of the
advice Just given them, but
an informed public opinion
some day win have to de.
mand what nobody really
likes - namely. wage and
price controls.
Unless Congress, which Is
eager to tight administered
prices" by industry. Is rs
ready to do battle against
industry-wide bargaining by
national unions which set the
wage costs and indirectly the
prices Of the major products
in America today. the ma
tional economy will hardly
wind up the current recession
before it runs into an infia-
tionary crisis and crash that
may be much worse than
anything yet experienced.
(Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02

the case without suggesting
that anything improper b
done.
Il hope that as long as he II
in ONCE he will write that kind
Of letter when he feels national
security is involved" Mr.. Keat-
ing said.
The name of Thomas =.
Dewey, former Governor Of New
York, also was brought briefly
into the hearing, but AT&T
witnesses and committee
counsel agreed Mr.. Dewey had
nothing TO do with the settle
ment Of the case.
He was mentioned when
retired AT&T General Counsel
T. Brooke Price said Mr.. Dewey
had become senior member Of .
law firm representing AT&T.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
DORIS FLEESON
Republicans Apprehensions

administration as a failure
or unpopular they believe
Mr.. Nixon win suffer in the
1860 election because Of 1t.
The voters are discomfort.
ed. it Is thought even by ad-
ministration defenders, Of
whom there are plenty, chief
ly in the professional classes.
Memories Of how much the
party suffered from the fact
that the last depression bears
the label Of q Republican
President seem to be back Of
q general feeling that Mr..
Eisenhower ought to act
more promptly and vigor.
ously.
A once-successful Republic
can strategy that pitted
farmers against labor IL now
not working. The two groups
seem to be developing . COM
munity Of interest and both
are represented In the UNI
usually big audiences being
attracted to Democratic din.
ners.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02

onciled-even by two Eisen-
hover victories-to the loss of
the late Senator Robert A.
Taft. A Milwaukee Journal
poll of organization Republic
cans, including most top
leaders. ofiiceholders and
candidates, showed Senator
william r. Knowland as their
favorite for the presidential
nomination In 1860.
Significantly, they also
thought Vice President Rich
ard M. Nixon probably would
be the candidate. This feel
ing that they are beaten be-
fore they start does not in
duce feelings Of exhilaration
or zest for the struggle.
The recession, coming on
top Of the farm decline, has
sharpened complaints Of
EiSenhower-Nixon inactivity.
Many Republicans see the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
i. Chamber
AsksAid Slash
~ the Associated Press

The United States Chamber
Of Commerce expressed sup
port today Of President Eisen-
hower's embattled foreign aid
program. but recommended 1t
be cut by 2Ss.750.ooo.
A spokesman for the big
business federation said Soviet
bloc economic penetration in
underdeveloped areas gives q
fresh urgency" TO the program
this year.
James Tanham, former vice
president Of the Texas Co. and
chairman Of the chambers sub.
committee for foreign aid. out
lined the ORGANIZATIONS views
In testimony prepared for the
Senate Foreign Relations Com
'mittee.
Hearings Near End
The committee called In
nearly two dozen other wit.
nesses as Chairman Green Of
Rhode Island sought to con-
clude hearings on the Presi-
dents $3.o42.10 900 program
Of military, economic and tech
meal assistance abroad.
Mr.. Tanham proposed that
the $259. 760.0 900 cut the cham.
Der proposes be made by reduce
ing requests for direct military
assistance and defense support
BY s per cent---or 113l, 75O, 900
land reducing special assist.
ance funds by Sl2e million.
Properly encouraged, Mr..
Tanham said, private enter.
prise here and abroad could
give the foreign aid program q
strong shot In the arm and
save Federal money.
Assurance Clause Urged
He recommended that Con-
gress insist in its agreements
with foreign countries that
they include firm and clear
cut assurance Of fair treatment
for existing and future devel-
opments."
He also recommended that
the development loan fund. for
which Mr.. Eisenhower is asking
$685. million for the fiscal year
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
DAVID LAWRENCE

Bernard M. Baruch, elder
statesman. has no ak to
grind. He is retired from any
business activity and devotes
himself to philanthropic and
public-service interests. What
he says, therefore. out Of an
abundance of experience with
the ups and downs Of the
national economy. can be
listened to with confidence
by all groupS-labor, man
agement. and political parties.
And "B.M.," as he is ia
tniliarly known here, tells the
Senate Finance Committee at
its hearings that the danger
of imitation is greater than
the dangers of the present
recession. He deplores the
pressure Of every economic
group for advantages for it.
self and argues against tax
cuts, even limiting that some
tax increase might be neces-
sary.
Each group" he says,
wants to shift the burden of
dislocation to someone else.
Each wants special consid-
Grafton. arguing that its
wages or prices or profits
must be kept up to avoid a
depression.
Nothing is more danger
Gus than this notion that
economic salvation lies
through government inter-
cession. Government did not
keep US from getting into
our present condition. How
can we rely upon it to get
us out Of it?
"A tax cut will increase the
deficit, add to the debt, and
further weaken the Govern
ment's credit, To reduce rev.
enues before our defenses are
secure and our debt man
ageable is uneconomic and
immoral"
But Mr.. Baruch's main IRE
Is directed against the wage
price spiral. He says:
Nothing would be more
effective in turning the tide
than to halt the reverend
ing spiral Of wages and
prices. The best Stimulant to
our economy would come
from price reductions. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
'Sputnik' Vopor Trail
Laid to LeMoy Plane

WELLINGTON. New Zee.
land. April 2 tR.-A mysteri.
Gus vapor trail across the sky
this morning aroused specula-
ton among New Zealanders
that 1t came from Russia's
Sputnik II, scheduled. TO drop
into the earths atmosphere
any day and burn UP.
The government air depart.
ment suggested that it came
from an American Jet tanker
taking Gen. Curtis LeMay
home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
WlLLLAM KN0WLAND- Substituting for Stokes
Presidential Inability Problem

Of commissions Of varying
makeup-cabinet oficers. Su-
preme Court justices, etc.
These plans aim for the
establishment Of an impartial
group, divorced from loyal
ties and ambitions. which
would insure Q proper de-
cision in o proper case.
Another area where seri-
Gus problems confront the
Congress in its search for q
solution involves the choice
Of the machinery 10 put into
operation q plan once settled
upon. A statute. signed by
the President. has the adj
vantage Of speed Of enact
ment. In these trying times.
the hiatus created In the
case Of inability" could be
fatal to our country.
On the other hand, q
strong argument Is made for
a constitutional amendment,
the theory being that q law
passed by Congress, in the
event 1t is challenged. Is
subject TO legal interpreta-
ton. Exponents Of the
amendment concept point
out that the Supreme Court
has additionally avoided con-
troversies involving "polit-
ical" questions.
Since there Is serious dis
agreement as to what is re-
quired, 2 two-pronged Solu-
ton hzs been suggested. This
message calls for the passage
Of q statute immediately
followed by the submission
TO the States Of an identical
constitutional amendment,
for the cumbersome process
Of ratification. Supporters OF
this approach argue that the
uncertainty Of the statute
only method would thus be
alleviated.
Pending action by the Con-
greSs, the President has made
public the procedures that
have been worked out be-
tween himself and Vice Pres.
ident Richard M. Nixon in
the event Of presidential dis
ability or disabilities.
Whatever the means cho-
sen, the question of presiden-
tial inability must be settled
and the sooner the better
for the entire country.
(Copyriaht. 1888 BY
United Feature Syndicate. Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
Bernard Boruch Sees Price and Wage
Restraints as Urgent Need Now

consumer. who has no lobby
or bargaining agent. is be-
latedly rebelling against hav.
ing every wage and cost In
crease passed on to him. II
industry and labor continue
to push up wage. price and
profit levels. they win price
themselves out Of the market.
Consumer resistance viii
grow, further depressing
economic activity and add
ing to unemployment. For
eign goods will enter our
markets in increasing guam
titles with unsettling effects
on our domestic economy.
our tariff policies and our
allies and friends"
There Is in the Baruch
statement . hint about the
alternative - namely, wage
and price controls he
declares:
mo one is more concerned
to see labor preserve its gains
than ] am. But we must halt
the wild. unmerry chase Of
prices. wages and profits. We
prefer not to compel this by
legislative nat or executive
order. We rely upon indi-
vidual action. self-discipline
and enlightened selfishness
Of labor and industrial lead
ers. If they cannot recognize
that self-interest requires
concern for the national in
terest. then they and the
Nation as a whole win be
made to suffer. II they viii
not adjust voluntarily and In
time to the law Of supply
and demand. the adjustment
eventually forced on them
will be much more painful.
1T would be an inspiring
and salutary thing If the
leaders Of our great labor
unions and businesses would
jointly pledge to the Presi-
dent that for one year there
will be no increase in wages
or prices and that proflt
margins would at least be
frozen"
More and more there is
talk in Washington about
the failure to restrain the
labor monopolies which are
virtually fixing higher and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02

starting July I. be required to
encourage both United States
and foreign private enterprise
rather than "government-to-
government" dealings in help
ing the economic development
Of other nations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
Senator Says Our Fost-Moving Times
Demond Solution, Delayed III Years

~~@~
Editors Note: This is
another tn the "StGtesmen's
Series" of columns being iDrit-
ten By distinguished person.
ages in the Government. ma
tionGl affairs, business and IN
the military for Thomas L.
Stokes, iCho Is seriously H.
~~-~~--~~--
the aforementioned cases,
that Of President Wilson.
was the disabling illness an
extended one.
There Is another more
compelling reason, however.
In those instances through
out our history when Q Pres
ident has died In ONCE, the
Vice President who succeeded
him became the Chief Execu-
tive. He did not merely act
in that capacity. Thus, the
argument has developed.
with some logic, that a Vice
President slipersedes q Pres
ident whenever he exercises
presidential powers.
The first such case occurred
in 1881 when President Gar
field was shot. He fingered
between life and death for
80 days. performing only one
ofhcial act during that time.
No action was taken to ex-
tend to Vice President Arthur
any Of the presidential pow
ers for fear that such ac-
ton would result in an custer
Of Garfield from once.
Again. during the lengthy
illness Of President Wilson,
from September. 1919, to the
end Of his term in 1921, no
steps were taken to alleviate
the situation. Wilson's fear
Of loss Of ONCE was partly re-
sponsible. This fear was cou-
pied with the lack Of any
machinery to compel q tenn
porary surrender of powers
by an unwilling, though dis
abled. Chief Executive.
Americas status as the
worlds leading nation no
longer permits the repetition
OF such an impasse. Her po-
sition requires that she be
ever ready and able to in
stantly react to any challenge
or threat levied against her
by any potential aggressor.
Therefore, 1t is imperative
that a solution to the "in-
ability" problem be found to
insure that the powers Of the
President are always vested
in capable hands.
Mr.. Eisenhower has re-
peatedly, since his illness.
called upon the Congress to
settle the matter. It is my
hope that the present Con-
gress will no longer bypass
its clear responsibility.
Admittedly the problems
presented are difiicult ones.
Who. for instance, will deter
mine when a presidential dis
ability exists? Some would
leave that power with the
President Can obviously i'm
perfect solution in the event
OF mental incapacityl.
Others would extend TO the
Vice President the power to
determine q disability, grant,
ing TO the President the right
to reassert his claim to ONCE
upon recovery. II, under this
plan. a difference Of opinion
as to the Presidents capacity
arose, the matter would have
to be settled by the Congress,
as In cases Of impeachment.
Alternate suggestions would
vest the authority for the de-
termination Of capacity in
. legislative group, with the
Vice President . nonvoting
member. Acting In accord
with expert advice, q decision
on ability Gould speedily be
arrived at.
Variations on this plan
call for the establishment
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
BY WILLIAM F. KNOWLAND

United states Senator from californi
and Minority Leader Of the Senate
On September "a. 1855, the
Nation and the world were
shocked by the news that
President Eisenhower had
suffered q heart attack.
While peoples everywhere
prayed for his speedy recov-
cry. a debate which has ragged
spcradically since the foun-
dation Of our Republic was
once again vigorously re-
newed. I refer to the issue Of
presidential inability.
Twice since that Septem-
Der day the President has
been stricken by serious ILL
ness. Each occasion signaled
an increasing demand for
action to insure that there
will be a continuity of presi-
dental leadership in the
event Of the inability" Of a
Chief Executive to exercise
the duties Of his ONCE. Pres
tdent Eisenhower, himself,
has taken the lead in calling
for congressional action on
this vital issue.
The reasons for this con-
Germ are obvious. We live
today in an age Of speed.
At no time in the history Of
man have momentous events
followed one another with
such rapidity.
America has thus far lived
UP to the challenges thrust
upon her, because we have
fortunately always had a
f1rm hand guiding our ship
Of state. But man Is q fraiI
being. At any moment Of his
existence he may be stricken
physically or mentally 50 as
to incapacitate him COM
pletely.
When such a man happens
to be the President of the
United States, grave conse-
quences may flow from the
event. Indeed, freedom
throughout the world may be
placed in jeopardy.
Paragraph 6 Of Section /
of Article II Of our Constitu-
ton tells us that when a
President becomes disabled,
his powers and duties shall
devolve on the Vice Presi-
dent" Unfortunately, how
ever, the Constitution is 81
lent on the question Of who
is to determine when a Presi-
dent is unable to perform his
duties: nor does 1t inform US
how q disabled Chief Execu-
tive may reassert his powers,
once surrendered.
That the question Of "in-
ability" has been with us
since our founding days Is
evidenced by the question put
by Mr.. Dickinson Of Della
ware at the Constitutional
Convention when he asked
the assembly. what is the
extent Of the term disability
and who is to be the Judge OF
it?" 1t is this question which
we, the Congress Of the
United States, must, III years
later. finally resolve.
Five Presidents before Mr..
Eisenh wer have been
stricken. OF these. four died
after illnesses Of short dura-
ton and their Vice Presidents
assumed the Office. The nth,
Woodrow Wilson, though
finishing out his term, was
permanently disabled. Mr.,
Eisenhower IL the only Pres
ident TO have recovered from
q severe illness suffered in
ONCE.
with these presidents in
mind, Il IL dificult TO assess
the reasons for Congress
continued failure to clarity
the inability" question. The
answer seems partly due To
the fact that In only one Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-02
Where food pSsporsd
10 order is q fine.
honorsd irodiiion
HOGATE'S
CUSTOM
COOKERY

After you ore comfort
ably seated in our din.
ing rooms overlooking
the CURING sweep Of
the Potomac. your
luncheon. dinner or q Ia
eoEte dishes ore Gus.
iom-eooksd especially
for you. The noviieoI
atmosphere Of the
Seven Secs IS q hogoie
irudiiion--ns is custom
cookery in the best
ships manner. Gro.
ciovs and prompt serv.
ice. Moderate prices.
kEss! |! =! T.:
" in Town
on ,hs woIsfi,osi
et 9TH q Moine. S.W.
N Arlington o.
AooI Wilson Blvd.
AMPLE tRlt PARKING