davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

effective leadership in building
such a moral and economic foun-
dalton. 1t can do this by helping
eliminate the hideous poverty and
social injustice that makes two
thirds of the people in the world
willing to risk war in the mistaken
belief that war may solve their
problems.
II would support greater ex-
penditures on foreign aid but the
task is far too great to solve by
mere gifts of money. We must
help other nations to develop their
own human resources by means
of education and technical aid.
We can also help them-and at
the same time raise our own living
standards-by reducing our tariff
barriers so they can sell in our
market and thus earn dollars with
which to buy American goods"
WILLIAM F. FADLER, Jr.-
Washington attorney who has
been active in Young Democrats
and in both Kefauver-for-Presi-
dent campaigns:
THE recession imitation predic-
ament is the most crucial emer-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

man who can win the general
election in November. can win
the general election. It is extreme
ly doubtful that any one OF my
opponents could. Maryland, not
only by registration but through
temperament and tradition, is a
Democratic State. Through lasA
situde and indifference, and
through miscast nominees for
office. control of Maryland has
slipped into the hands Of the
Republicans.
IF did not believe that I am
the best qualified of the Demo-
cratic candidates and that can
easily defeat the Republican OPP
position. would never have filed.
! am too loyal and too firm a
Maryland Democrat to do any
thing that might threaten the
strength and unity of the party.
My victory next November viii
achieve the unity we need: it
cannot achieved through ma
chinations in a Smoke-filled room
In Annapolis"
CLARENCE ID. LONG - Johns
Hopkins University Economics
professor who resigned from the
Eisenhower Council of Economic
Advisers to run:
The most important issue is
world peace. No disarmament or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
by CHARLES HOFFMAN
star stan Writer

Maryland Democrats going 10
the polls Tuesday viii vote on
seven candidates for the nominal
ton as the United States Senator.
Because this race has been un-
usually controversial. The Star
submitted q single question 70
each Of the candidates:
What Is the major issue OF this
senatorial campaign and where
do you stand on so"
The answers follow:
JAMES BRUCE-wealthy busi-
nessman and former Ambassador
TO Argentina who has served in
public life under the Roosevelt
and Truman administrations
"As Democrats we generally
agree on our philosophy Of gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

deep in delirium tremens; a young
man who had tried to cut his
throat with a piece of window
glass from the breakable glass Of
this mental ward; 40 men on a
ward for "a; a heavy-set woman
fighting halluoinations who had
to be carried up two steep flights
Of stairs because the elevators
didn't run.
The reporter found that al
though the medical schools had
sent their teachers and students
into all other parts Of the hos
pital, the psychiatric division was
summed. The schools said they
didn't want their students to see
bad practices.
The Star, in a series Of articles,
labeled this snake-pit "a disgrace
to Washington" Less than two
months later, the same phrase
was used by DR.. Samuel B. Wortis.
head of the psychiatric division
of New York's Bellevue Hospital,
who had been asked by the United
States Public Health Service to
make a full investigation Of the
psychiatric division.
DR.. Wortis came up with more
than a score Of recommendation
but wound up by emphasizing:
What is needed is not another
survey but direct action to correct
this unhealthy and deplorable
situation"
The atmosphere rang with
promises. degenerating into buck
passing.
In 1852, another survey was
made-this time by @. Rowland
Shaw as president of the District
Mental Health Association. All
that had changed was the patient
load. That was increasing by the
hundreds.
A year later, 1t looked as though
things were really beginning to
move. For the first time, new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Continued From Page AIS

said. but is carrying no passenger.
The event stirred the joviah Mr..
Khrushchev to gay praise Of So
Wet science and technology, and
ridicule of the American oranges"
now in orbit. He did not want ito
belittle the United States" said
the proud Premier, but they will
need very many satellites the size
of oranges to catch up with the
Soviet Union"
The advent Of Sputnik III brings
the satellite population in outer
space to four. The first two Soviet
satellites have disintegrated; three
United States satellites are still in
orbit. Despite the relatively huge
size of the newest Russian device,
the Moscow announcement said
no atomic or unusual launching
thrust was used to get the cone
shaped missile 1,168 miles into
space.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
MoryIond's Primary Candidates
Give Views on The Big issue

win continue 10 further weaken
our security. forcing US 10 face the
Rravest peril In our history. With
the experience OF the past and
the realization OF our Nations
position OF free world leadership
we cannot, as Americans and
Democrats. await the cure itself
results now being forecast by the
present administration.
"The Democratic leadership in
Congress must begin immediate
enactment Of emergency legisla-
ton 10 promote: The increase OF
production and employment; new
industries for an ever-growing
American that is on the horizon Of
a great new age; price cuts for.
all commodities: a green light
for small business: abolition Of
the tight money policy. and the
imposition Of high ethical stand
ards upon the operations Of
Government. Labor and Manage
ment."
GEORGE p. MAHONEY
wealthy Baltimore paving con-
tractor who has lost two guberna-
torial primaries and two senato-
rial elections:
I'm my opinion. the recession.
Unless the Nations economy is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Politics.:
A Scramble

The New YORK senatorial racf&
was shaping up as a grand
scramble in both parties last week.
after Senator Irving Ives, tiie-s
incumbent Republican, announcedE
he would not seek reelection.
Many Republicans In the Stat:
had hoped to offer as the SeIS-s
ator's successor Nelson A. Rookie.
Teller, running on ticket headed.
by Leonard w. Hall, former
G. o. P. national chairman. Bue
those hopes were dashed on Thurs
day when Mr.. Rockefeller and Mr.:
Hall. both of whom are undeclared
candidates for the gubernatoriah
nomination, said they were noe
interested in the Senate race
State Democrats. meanwhile:
were still trying TO settle on q
senatorial candidate that would
be acceptable both, to them and
the strong Liberal Party in NeH
York City, whose support cinched
the governorship for Averen Hafs
riman in 1854. Former Air Force
Secretary Thomas K. Finletter,
an Adlai Stevenson aide in 1856.
appeared to be the likeliest, but
also being mentioned were New
York Mayor Wagner, District At
torney Frank Hogan and former
Postmaster General Jim Farley.
In another New York develop
ment Tammany district leaders
in Harlem ousted Representative
Adam Clayton Powell from the
Democratic Party. giving as their
reason his support OF President
Eisenhower in 1856. Tammany
denied that Mr.. Powell's recent
indictment on income tax evasion
charges had anything to do with
their action. 1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Nosser Visit

President Nasser of the United
Arab Republic wound up his two
week visit to the Soviet Union on
Thursday. The Egyptian leader
departed amid showers of praise
from Soviet officials and a warm
guarantee of "selfless and fra
ternal" assistance from Moscow.
In a Joint statement released
on the eve Of his departure, Col.
Nasser and Mr.. Khrushchev re-
vealed % that the JAR would
support all major planks of So
Wet foreign policy. and (2) that
Moscow you'd. in return, Ac-
lively back AL peoples in Asia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

must have rules by heart and
common sense
II am advocating that the peo-
pie control and work together for
their mutual welfare. Look out for
the women and they will take care
of the family. i am sponsoring a
20-hour work week. two-month
vacation, and retire at SIS, the best
home and car, plan one-year IN
advance for the following year.
Il will serve without pay as
public service to start this pro-
gram in good faith. I am against
politicians, subsidies and segrega-
ton. am for Is years of educa-
ton, Is years of public service and
retire at SIS. the best of everything
for everybody.
"818,006 registered voters failed
to vote in the last primary. Why?
The press failed to enlighten the
people about all of the candidates.
Vote in spite of the press. vote
for independent candidates and
let's see what happens.
THOMAS D'ALESANDRO, Jr,-
Baltimore Mayor for the last IL
years who has served % years in
elective Office including five terms
in Congress:
I'm my opinion, the most
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Trade Bill

Even though Chairman Mills Of
the Ways and Means Committee
had promised liberal bill on
reciprocal trade extension, the bill
that won the approval of his COM
mittee probably was considerably
more along the lines Of what its.
sponsors had wanted than they
expected.
Its most notable feature was the
inclusion Of a five-year extension,
which the President had asked.
And almost all of the tariff cutting
authority he wants was left in the
measure.
There were number Of con-
cessions, however. to high-tariff
advocates. One Of the most i'm
portant of these was a provision
allowing Congress, by a two-thirds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

tor to supervise the volunteers
who could help alleviate that
shortage. not enough recreational
therapists to serve more than a.
fourth Of the patients daily.
Hope for Future
But the new building Is de-
signed for hope rather than de-
spair for the staff as well as for
the patients they treat.
Because 1t will house the des-
perate ones. there are projections
such as maximum security screens
that bend without breaking. tenn
pered glass that crumbles into
powder instead Of cutting, and
rounded of partitions that offer
no opportunity for a patient to
hang himself.
Because 1t viii house those
most in need Of the tranquility
they have sought in vain, there is
sound-prooflng Of ceilings, soft
colors of varying hues on the
walls. comfortable chairs in sun,
ny day rooms. music piped
through the corridors.
And because there are mem
tally i'll Of all ages and varying
problems, there are enough Diff
ferent units to keep them sepa-
rated. For the first time, children
will be housed in their own unit.
Psychiatrists watching them at
play through one-way windows
can learn the basic problems that
have brought them to q mental
hospital.
There are other "flrsts"-the
most significant being the fact
that for the first time the psy-
chiatric division will have its own
long recommended out patient
clinics for both adults and chill
dren. s..
For the 5000 District men.
women and children who are adj
mitted annually to the psychiatric
building, the days Of the snake
pit" are over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

employed, and that total reaches
q grim Z million when we count
those who are employed only part
time.
Therefore. ! favor an imme-
date. large-scale program Of pub
lie works and. II necessary, tax
reductions to end this recession
and bring the country back to
the prosperity which the Repub-
lican administration inherited
from the Democrats six years ago.
I'VE must have a strong econ
omy and that means a return to
fun employment with adequate
rates Of pay for ALL"
ALDEN A. POTTER retired
scientist and farmer who lives in
Montgomery County and cam
paigns as the only conservative in
the race:
THE issue, in other States as
well as in Maryland. turns on con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
END or THE SNAKE PIT
New Era Opens for Mentally III
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG
atnr nta0 Writer

The door closes this week on n
long-standing disgrace 10 WASH
ington" and opens 10 new hope
for the city's mentally III.
On Tuesday. patients In the old
psychIatric wards Of District Gen.
eral Hospital will move into their
new home-only next door in
terms Of distance. miles ahead In
terms OF treatment.
Even as the patients move. those
most concerned with the stagger-
ing cost OF mental illness here
point TO the yet unmet needs
aware that II takes a long time
TO get things done In the District.
Like the new psychiatric build
ing. some Of these unmet needs
have been urgently recommended
for a dozen years or more. Among
them:
o A co-ordinated mental health
program under a separate Health
Department bureau to make
maximum use Of all public and
private facilities and to plug the
gaps In treatment Of the mentally
Ill. Such a program was presented
TO the Commissioners last Febru-
airy after years Of agitation for 1t.
At present. II is still under study"
in the District Department Of
General Administration.
o More humane commitment
laws for those who face many
months or years in a mental hos
pital.
. A residential treatment CEN
ter for children too mentally i'll
to remain at home. Some so such
children are now scattered among
the adults at st. Elizabeths Hos
pital.
. A solution to the problem Of
the chronic alcoholics and hope
less dope addicts who belong
neither in the community nor In
Jail.
. More emphasis on prevent
ing mental breakdown through
detecting the early signs in the
schools and providing clinics that
offer treatment as well as dag
noSis.
For those most concerned with
achieving these goals, the new
psychiatric building emerges as
something of symbol. 1t was
a long time coming, too.
A Mere Clearing House
AS far back as 1889, the United
States Public Health Service called
the then psychopathic depart
ment Of the hospital merely a
clearing house" lacking both staff
and SUFFICIENT facilities to sepa-
rate juvenile from senile, alcoholic
from psychotic.
In 1914, a committee headed
by DR.. Winfred Overholser Of st.
Elizabeths Hospital found so
much wrong that 1t took 48 rec
concentrations to cover the de-
flciencieS.
Two congressional inveStiga-
tons poured criticism on the
handling Of patients. And condi-
tons were getting worse. Less
than four months after DR.. Over
holser's group had recommended
increasing the staff Of psychiat-
rists from five to eight, that staff
had dwindled to two.
A Star reporter, sent to investi-
gate l947 reports that patients
were being manacled. saw unat-
tended patients writhing as best
they could in leather cuffs. The
reporter saw a lot mora
mentally i'll boy living on a ward
with sex perverts and alcoholics
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Continued From Page A-25

d6C Eh-s-b
TO ram a doctrine down the
Threats of those who wish to re-
ceive their aid.
In a democracy, there must be
q record of the reasons for ar
irving at a decision to aid other
countries. The Russians. because
>of the kind of government that
Russia has, need no such record.
They can pretend, with naught
but opinion and precedent to dis
pute them, that every ruble they
give is out of the goodness and
generosity of the Soviet heart.
The United States, as a de-
mocracy must do. records the argu-
mentS that lead to its decisions.
And the record contains the en-
phasized and re-emphasized as
sertion that aid policies are pro-
posed to serve the selfish interest
of the United States.
NOW, do q 4 uCA W ENlOah oAAA 90
q citizen of the United States
familiar, believe. with the spirit
of the American people, ] would
like to question this. / do not
believe that selfishneSs is a not
able ingredient of American char
acter. believe that the American
people are generous, that they
take real interest in their neigh
bors. that they are endowed with
a spirit of sensible idealism. 1
believe this has been shown in
many ways. many times.
But for some peculiar reason
there seems to be a certain feeling
of shame about this. shame Of not
being practical" shame in using
money in ways that may not be
considered basicallK motivated by
selfishnesS. II is Almost peculiar
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Integrotion:
Showdown

Virginia's massive resistance"
against school desegregation.
which so many times has APP
peared on the verge of a final
showdown only to return to the
Federal courts on appeal, appar-
emily will at last get the test
next September.
Last week Federal District Judge
John Paul told lawyers that Char
lottesville public schools must be
desegregated when they open in
the fall. Negro attorneys at the
same time asked for a similar
order for Norfolk and Newport
News, and Federal Judge Walter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
AN UNHEEDED WARNING

trait of most generous people.
and it makes for misunderstood
ing throughout the world of the
aims and policies of the United
States.
I would earnestly recommend
to the Congress. to the schools,
to the universities Of the United
States, that each do something
in it's own sphere to make the
American people feel more natural
in their goodness. Let us cease to
pretend that the American peo-
pie are extraordinarily hard
headed in order to hide the al
together creditable fact that they
are decently kindhearted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

stopping OF uu-
clear tests will
succeed unless
1t rests on a
stable world
order.
"A m e r ca,
as the strong
est Nation in
the orl d
both economi-
cally and NOR
ally, must take
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Aid and Trade:
Step Ahead

Two Of the big three items in
President Eisenhower's 1858 pro-
gram-foreign aid and extension
of the Reciprocal Trade Act-last
week negotiated with surprising
ease a couple of difficult hurdles
in their tprtuous journey to the
Presidents desk.
The authorization bill for the
fiscal 1859 mutual security pro-
gram, never a popular measure
with Congress, particularly in an
election year. passed the House
with ease. And the reciprocal
trade act, whose course has been
even rougher this year. emerged
from the House Ways and Means
Committee in much better shape
than had been expected.
Mr.. Eisenhower could take hope
while recognizing that more tests
lie ahead for both these measures.
which he has championed as vital
to his foreign policy.
The foreign aid bill not only
passed the House by a 259-134
vote. but it came through without
Gripping amendments or heavy
recession-year reductions. Re-
jected were attempts to reduce the
$2,958, 100000 bill more than the
1899 million already trimmed from
the Presidents request by the
Foreign Affairs Committee.
1t had been feared that the anti
American outbreaks in Lebanon
and Venezuela might make a sub
stantial number of Congressman
take a jaundiced view toward
sending aid funds to foreign ma
tons. There were. to be sure,
complaints about the ingratitude
OF foreigners. But the final bill
bore no noticeable scars from the
Nixon stoning or the burning OF
American libraries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

eminent but the
important issue
in the May 20
primary. inso-
far as Mary
land Democrats
are concerned.
is that the
nominee to the
United States
Senate be the
best Of the can
didateS and a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

servatism VS..
liberalism. cap
italism VS.. COM
munism. prop
erty. rights VS..
human rights
common sense
VS.. altruism,
Christianity VS..
hypocrisy.
Had I not
inject ted this
Issue. there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

Strong, We can
not support a
world : wide eff
fort for our own
defense and the
peace Of the
world, nor pro-
grams for
greater progress
foT, our citizens
at home.
w e m ust
steer a course
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

3 c n q { o r Ia ]
campaign is the
recession and
unemployment.
ION the one
hand we have
constant in
creases In the
cost Of living
and on the
other. We now
have 8 million
Americans I'M
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

gency nov lac
ing our United
States Govern
ment.
The greatest
threat to our
State and Ma
ton is coming
from within by
the way of ris-
ing prices in a
period of eco
nomic decline.
ANA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Senate

S 1888. Area Redevelopment
Act, providing $379.5 million in
Federal loans and grants for re-
development of localities suffering
chronic unemployment. Passed
46-36.
FOR: Beall. Republican of MARYLAND.
AGAINST: Byrd, Democrat of Virginla;
Ter, Republican of Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

judges, Tor JUS
tice must be
done The
press is respon-
Sible for this
continued con-
dition. They
term it news.
but we the peo-
pie are affected
by this out
NODDED selfish
interest. We
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
House

HR 1218l. Mutual Security Act
of 1858. Passage of $2,958, $780,
900 authorization bill. Passed
259-l34.
FOR: Broyhill, Republican Of virginis;
Landlord. Democrat OF Maryland: HYDE,
Republican OF Maryland.
AGAINST Smith, Democrat OF virginia.
ANSWERED PREsExT: Harrison Demo-
tBy Congressional QUARTERLY
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
NEARBY VOTES

The votes of the nearby Mary
land and Virginia legislators on
major roll calls in Congress last
week,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
The Economy:
Still in Trouble

The Nations ailing economy last
week showed further faint signs Of I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

and Africa fighting for liberia
ton"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

important single Issue Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

If left unchecked. this situation
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-18
Por: CHARLOTTE MOULTON

WASHINGTON, JUNO II CUPID
La Corte Supreme dictamin6
aver, por cinco votos contra cua-
tro de sus nueve miembros, que a
un ciudadano no Sc lie puede dene-
gar pasaporte, simplemente por-
que Sc lie ha acusado de ser MEM
bro del Partido Comunista.
Segun este dictamen de la corte,
ell Congreso de la nacion no ha ia
do autoridad al DEPARTMENT. de
Estado, para rehusar I'm pasaporte
por tales circumstances.
La corte sostuvo, que eel dere-
cho a viajar es parte de la 'liber-
tad de que no puede privarse al
individuo, sin ell debido proceso
legal de la enmienda quinta".
Ell Juez Douglas recalco, que Ell
no estaba dictaminando a base del
Derecho Constitutional del Con-
greso, para restringir a los norte-
americanos ell viajar al extranjero,
sino solamente con respecto a la
Interpretation de la ley segun es-
ia fue aprobada por Ell Congreso
Nacional.
No hay duda de que este fallo
de la corte ha de suscitar nuevas
protestas de los parlamentarios
que va han puesto en- tela de juicio
Diario las Américas., 1958-06-18
hurio con Irme Macy y Na|eter Ell
Espiritu de Ia Reyuelta Hlngara


bre de 1856, han sido eiecutados,
segun Sc anunci6 hoy oficialmente
en- esta capital,
FL anuncio que da a conocer
otras dos ejecuciones y varias con-
denas d prision, tue hecho por ell
Ministerio de Justicia y publicado
hoy en- la prensa Official hungara.
Ell communicate dice que Macy,
Maleter y los periodistas Miklos Gil
mes y JOSEF Kopacsy fueron con-
denados a muerte y que han sido
ejecutados.
Agrega que Sander Kopacksy,
coronel y vice comandante de la
guardia nacional durante la revo-
lueion, fue condenado a prisi6n
perpetu,. FL veterano comunista Y
p%artidario de Macy, Ferenc Do.
nath, reeibi6 una sentencia de IL
amos de carcel. Zoltan Tidy, pri-
mer presidente hungaro de la post
guerra = miembro del gabinete de
Macy, durante ell alzamiento, fue
condenado a seis amos; ell ex Vice
mlnistro de Cultura, Ferenc Jano-
81, a ocho amos; Ell director del Pc
rlodico, Miklos V~asarhelyi, cinco
amos. :.
Anade ell communicate que GAIA
Losonczy "otro partidario de Macy,
murio en- la carcel y por 10 tanto
han cesado los procedimientos en-
SUI contra"