davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
THE NEW FoRcEs-W

mating standard killers-for ex-
ample. enteritis, typhoid, dysen-
terry, diphtheria, malaria. AS a
result. today many European. ORR
entail and Latin American couIi-
tries are bursting at the seams
and others are beginning to feel
the population strain.
The social pressures which ex-
cessive populations build up can
scarcely be enumerated, but they
can be summarized under these
major headings: Physical, politi-
co-economic, psychological.
Physically, mans needs can be
limited to food. clothing and shell
ter. Most of us have assumed
these essentials would always be
available. subject only to the
degree of mans ingenuity In
developing them.
However. scientists are now
beginning to see limits which
eventually must sharply reduce
standards Of living unless the
worlds population stabilizes itself.
Their forecasts are predicated on
the reasonable assumption that
people will not accept substitutes
for necessities; i.e.. they will not
accept. say. vitamin pills for food,
or controlled body temperature
climate for clothes, or some sort
Of futuristic antigravitational hui
man storage in lieu OF homes.
Assuming this to be the case,
then in a few more decades the
food clothing shelter squeeze on
an absolute scale could be on.
That is why teams Of Interna-
tional Geophysical Year scien-
fists are investigating the food
potential of the oceans, new con-
cepts Of wearing apparel. and utili-
zation Of presently uninhabitable
land.
The Political PFessures
Before the purely physical prob
lens become acute, however, the
politico-economic troubles may
develop, especially between the
backward crowded countries and
advanced uncrowded ones. There
are experts who say we are al
ready witnessing this sort of diff
Guilty in the unrest in countries
which have thrown of the colo
NAL yoke in the past is or 20
years.
To. relieve these tensions some
sociologists believe a flow of tech
biological and capital aid from the
"haves" to the have nots" is
essential. To others, even this de-
vice-unleSs accompanied by
strong educational programs-is
dangerous. They theorize, with
nod toward Japan, that a rela-
lively advanced industrialization
in a highly populated nation
where labor is cheap makes for
considerable political and military
power. And
mo great and powerful people"
adds Warren Thompson, leading
American educator and popula-
ton authority has ever remained
at home when it felt the need of
new lands and resources and when
it believes itself strong enough
to make successful conquest
The final problem area is the
psychological makeup Of humans.
People need room. They are
not like ants or bees. They are
not able to develop to the extent
of their capabilities in swarmS.
Whatever his sins against civiliza-
ton, Adolph Hitler expressed
universal human yearning in his
exhortations toward "lebensraum."
Some psychologists assert that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09

board and urged strongly that it
be retained. Public sentiment on
the question was split down the
middle.
The Compromise
Mr.. Beans compromise meas
ure provides that the general edu-
cation program will be retained in
all three junior high grades
(seventh, eighth and ninth, but
that it will be optional in the
ninth grade, with those students
choosing between core instruction
or separate English and social
studies, classes. He said this will
give school officials an opportunity
to determine what the public
really wants.
His compromise also provides
that separate report card grades
on English and social studies will
be given even in the combined
general education classes. The
present system, under which only
one mark is >given. had been at
tackled by the conservatives.
Another move by the conserva-
tive faction was to Gust Rhees
Burket of Washington as archi-
tect for the proposed Yorktown
High School, labeled an economy
measure. Mr.. Peck maintained
that no one architect should get
all contracts for designing sec
ondary schools. =
The school boards contract
with Mr.. Burket was terminated
two weeks ago by the conservative
majority so that other architects
might be interviewed. At that
time, the school superintendent
and the administrative staff urged
that he be retained. The liberal
board members concurred.
On another compromise motion
by Mr.. Bean. Mr.. Burket's con-
tract was renewed with the stipu-
lation that he work closely with
the boards newly appointed Con-
struction Advisory Council. Mr..
Peck and Mrs. Lane. however,
abStained from voting with Mr..
Bean and the two liberal board
members.
After Wednesday nights ses-
sion Mr.. Rutter and other school
board administrators expressed
satisfaction and relief. Mr.. Rut-
ter said: This is the sort Of
thing I've been pleading for"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
Compromise Works
Across the River
BY DAN POOLE
star star Writer

A major rift over Institutional
policies has been developing since
the first Of the year between the
Arlington School Boards new
conservative majority and the
school administrative staff.
But last week 1t was stayed
and possibly averted - primarily
through the efforts Of the newest
board member. L. Lee Bean, q
conservative who controls the
balance between his faction and
liberal board members.
When he came on the board this
year, Mr.. Bean reversed q 81
liberal control. At the time, how
ever. he said he planned to study
carefully the county's school sys-
tenn and then to vote for what
he felt was best--regardlesS of
factional lines. He pictured him
self as a peacemaker. And many
school officials now believe he may
be just that.
Long standing controversies be-
tween the two board factions over
the general education (core) pro-
gram in the junior high schools
and over the architect who has
designed all of Arlington's Sec
ondary schools for the past 10
years eliminated Wednesday night
with compromises effected single
handedly by Mr.. Bean.
Furry of Charges
The liberals, who had controlled
the school board for 10 years, have
charged the conservatives with
being "school-wreckers." And the
conservatives have maintained
that the liberals are "blindly fol-
lowing" the school administrators.
They have called for a return to
basic education" as opposed to
what they term modernism"
Repeatedly during heated
school board debates, School
Supt. T. Edward Rutter has
pleaded for the present instruc-
tional methods. He has cited ma
tional recognition won by Airing
ton schools in recent years and
the records attained in colleges
by Arlington students.
When conservative board mem
bers Robert Peck and Mrs. Helen
Lane recently indicated they
wanted to abolish the general
education program in which Eng
lish and social studies are COM
bined into one double-period
class, Mr.. Rutter said: You have
placed me in an untenable posi-
ton"
Liberal board members Bar
nard Joy and Chairman James
G. Stockard steadfastly backed
Mr.. Rutter, They said core in
struction provides teachers with a
better opportunity to offer per-
sonal guidance to the students
through getting to know them
better.
But the conservatives argued
that English. social studies and
guidance cannot effectively be
fused into a single class. They
maintained that each aspect of
the instruction suffers as a result
and should be separated.
At an overflow public hearing
two weeks ago, the administrative
staff and many principals and
teachers outlined the general edu-
cation program to the school
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
BY PHIL YEAGER and
JOHN STARK
special writers for The star

Special writers for The star
The New Force likely to prove
most dificult to control is prolific
man himself.
It may seem incongruous to
refer to population as a new force.
Yet 1t is just that in the sense
that the limits of the earth's ca
pacity to support US are just be-
ginning to be understood.
DR.. Kingsley Davis. professor Of
sociology at the University of
California, has summed UP the
population story in one succinct
comment:
Explosive human multiplied
ton. unanticipated and unexam-
pied in history, clearly cannot con-
tinue indefinitely. It would give
us nearly 6 billion by the end
of this century and nearly IS bill
lion by the year 1850. How this
growth is eventually stopped, and
when, will play tremendous role
in human destiny"
According to the United Nations.
the world population In 1856 was
81 billion. When related to DR..
Davis predictions. the figure needs
little elaboration. 1t Is only nee
essary to recall that it took civil
lied man around 5000 years to
reach q population which Is ex-
pected to triple or qladruple in
the next 100 years.
Anthropologists and others have
been trying to warn US for years
Of the dangerous aspects Of hu-
man growth. In America we have
been inclined to brush, them on,
probably for two basic reasons:
Until after World War II the United
States was very thinly populated
for an advanced industrial coun-
try, and the physical ability Of the
country to provide for its popu-
lace has never been in question.
Also we were relatively isolated
and our fortunes were not closely
bound, politically or economically,
with the rest of the world.
There is still a lot of room In
the United States compared to
most other nations. We have 81
persons per square mile compared
to 853 in Holland, 624 in Japan.
544 in England, Alb in Italy and
301 in India.
But we are beginning to feel
the pressure, too. Also, we have
become a part Of closely tied
world community; what happens
in other lands affects US here.
Something New
Historians say that never, prior
to 1900, had there been sus-
tanned period when the worlds
death rate steadily declined.
While there were fairly long
eras when the birth rate exceeded
the death rate by a comfortable
margin, the latter was subject to
violent fluctuation. Besides the
high rate of infant deaths, the
adult population was subject to
waves of death dealing disease.
In the three years 1347-1350. for
example, about 40 per cent Of
Europe,s population was wipeo
out by the plague. Moscow was
almost depopulated in It'll. Even
as late. as 1918 people died in
droves of mathematician lost 20
million in one year.
But preventive medicine and
public health activities have sue
ceeded in radically cutting epi-
demic deaths. and research has cut
them still further by virtually elm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
Unemployment Grows

When the February unemploy-
ment figures are released this
week even more cries for action
can be expected. Government
sources said the new figures would
show 81 million persons jobless.
an increase over January of 600,-
600 and the highest unemploy-
ment level in 16 years. A Febru-
airy increase had been expected.
but most officials were surprised
by the size of the climb. Last
months count was about 2 million
higher than in February 1857.
The Federal Reserve Board an
nounced another reduction in the
discount rate at three Federal Re-
serve banks in q move to make
borrowing less costly. But actu-
ally, demand for loans has dropped
sharply, and the boards action
is unlikely to have any noticeable
effect on the slump.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09

ditional and religious prejudices
against birth control. This in
cludes International clinics which
are reported to be appearing in
such places as Puerto Rico and
Mexico, the more relaxed attitude
of the japanese government
toward abortion and sterilization,
the Roman Catholic Endorsement
Of the rhythm" system of birth
control as set out in the Encyclical
on Christian, Marriage by Pope
Plus XII. and so on. ~
Discouraged by Low
In America the law has tended
to discourage birth control. At
the same time, the law has been
bitterly assailed.
An illustration Is the World
War case Of q New York woman
who, apparently deciding that the
feminist movement should extend
to nonpolitical areas. began dis
tributing a pamphlet entitled
what Every Girl Should Know"
The pamphlet undertook to in
struct women on the use Of con-
traceptive devices.
Since the dissemination Of this
kind of literature by nonmedical
sources was against the law in
New York, the woman was ar
rested. At her trial she argued
vehemently that the State statute
prohibiting generally the adver-
tisement, sales and used of contra
ceptives was unconstitutional
Every woman" she asseyted. "has
an absolute right to engage in
sexual relations with a feeling of
security that there will be no
resulting conception.
This effort to create a more
favorable environment for birth
control failed legally. The New
York courts upheld the statute
as proper exercise of State pow
er to safeguard the public health
and morals.
But the case is worth citing,
not in any spirit of Righteousness,
but to demonstrate the extreme
subjective attitudes which people
hold toward any sort of govern
mental interference with the re-
productive processes. Similar laws
in other States, as well as Federal
laws dealing with the matter, have
been attacked on a wide variety
of grounds fact which suggests
the high degree of controversy
which can be expected as Ameri-
cans begin to think seriously about
ways and means of holding down
the population.
The Legal Status
1t is very difficult to decide just
how the majority of Americans
feel about birth control. Usually
a majority view can be estab-
lished by reference to the public
policy as expressed in a nations
laws. This does not necessarily
hold true for birth control.
The only laws which might pro-
vide a clue appear to be the stat
uteS dealing with contraceptives.
However, they are far from uni
form in the way they developed,
the intent behind them, and in
their Interpretation by the courts.
The first such law was a Federal
statute enacted in 1873, during
a FESTIVE poSt-Civil War period of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE

group. But Chairman Harris,
pointing out that the Senators
could not be required to testify,
thought an invitation might set
a bad precedent. And House
Speaker Sam Rayburn also OPP
posed, commenting that if "a
Senate committee asked me to go
over there. I would tell them to
go dig potatoeS-deep."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09
Continued From Page Az.

Continued From Page AIS
he was concerned" over the spate
of "pump-priming schemes"-an
obvious reference to the Democra-
tic proposals. The President then.
however. went on to list seven
pump-priming schemes which
have already been put into effect
or which he will suggest soon. All
of them have been urged by Con-
greSsional Democrats. He also re-
peated some of his optimistic
forecasts from his February IL
"chins up" statement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09

controls they moy require.
overcrowding leads to one Of two
things. If conditions are unbear-
able, it leads to revolution or war.
If they are, bearable and accepted
it leads to a sort Of national pes
simism and loss of drive.
Helps Economy Now
While the population boom in
America is already creating dim
culties in education, transporta-
ton and housing. it has been an
asset in one respect. This is its
buoyant effect on the economy.
expressed by an economist re-
Gently this way:
Although IN the less fortunate.
underdeveloped nations of the
world a soaring population spells
poverty. in our highly developed
industrial society soaring popu-
lation spells boom. And our
population will cross the 200 mil
lion mark in 10 years. The
market for home furnishings. APP
planes. all services, will balloon.
Marriage means business. A new
family means a new home, car,
etc: Babies mean BOOM"
For a few other thinly popu-
lated countries with immediate
industrial potential, notably the
Soviet Union and Canada. the
same economic force for good
may be inherent in q rising
population. But here. too, the
beneficial effect seems certain to
be temporary.
In seeking way out of the
population dilemma, the sociol-
ogists have trained their sights
ON few maneuverS they believe
will help.
These include: Opening the
empty spaces of the globe to the
overflow of "have-not" nations.
promoting freer trade in efforts
to lessen economic pressure and
resentment against Caucasian
peoples, improving agriculture and
industrial progress by the trans
mission of know-how and en-
couragement to self-help. stimu-
lating mass education.
Yet these techniques are con-
sidered little more than ways to
ease the problem without solving
it.
The Reel Alternatives
There are only three final alter
natives in the eyes Of social scien-
fists:
Q A greatly increased death rate
due to war, famine or pestilence.
. Migration from earth to other
worlds, planets or satellites.
. Birth control.
The first alternative, OF course,
is unthinkable. The second does
not merit serious consideration
now. Which leaves birth control.
In most discussions of popula-
ton trends there is a tendency to
avoid birth control since it is
highly controversial subject. Yet
we are beginning to hear with
greater frequency of views con-
sonant with Mr.. Thompson's when
he concludes:
I'm the end, birth control is the
only solution for the problems of
population pressure in the world"
There is evidence that densely
populated countries may be over
coming some of the natural, ira
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-09

This Is the last Of seven articles on the
New Forces foeins mon-their noture,
their potential for good or evil, the
controls they moy require.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02

party with husbands invited.
Chapter J, PEO--S pm, at
home of Mrs. P. w. Mertz,
628 Edmonston drive, Rock
vile. Md. Meeting.
Woman's National Demo-
cratic CIub-l2:30 pm. 1925
New Hampshire avenue NV.
Meeting; speaker. Mr.. Max
Freedman. THE British Ira
dition in Foreign Policy"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02

doctor says they have every
thing I need for q balanced
diet, and I'm never sick"
do you still watch your
diet?" I esked, admiring
Anne's streamlined figure.
II weigh every morning"
Anne explained. land If I've
gained I eliminate bread and
butter. from my meals. I've
learned if there is something
to be done. it's best to do it.
When I was pregnant l used
to eat my vegetables without
butter, and I've gotten so /
like them that way. 1t can
be easy If your head is boss
not your stomach.
II have help at home but
I always do the cooking, even
when I'm working. 1 organ
ize ahead and plan something
that won't take too long-like
broiled liver, steamed cab
bage and raw carrot salad.
Il feel time is of the eS-
sence, and I'm a meticulous
planner. / can't stand waste
or disorder. I always plan
what to wear the night be-
fore. because it saves time in
dressing. And I take a hot
shower every night before I
go to bed - regardless of
where ] am or how late it is.
] use a carnation-scented
body lotion afterwards, and
1 love getting into bed feel
ing clean and sweet-smelling.
Carnation is Bobs favorite
scent. I use a carnation base
perfume, too" she conflded.
Anne is enthusiastic over
the new series in which she
appears with her husband,
Bob Sterling. II was offered
many scripts, some of which :
! liked. but I turned them
down so Bob and I could work
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02
Sorority Group
To Hold Dinner

Two 60-year members and
. George Washington Uni
verSity student will be hon.
ored by the Kappa Kappa
Gamma Alumnae Associa-
ton Of Washington at q din
ner March 8.
The dinner viii be held at
the home Of Mrs. David E.
Stauffer. 8 Leland Court,
Chevy Chase. Md.
Receiving special honors for
30 years Of membership and
service will be Mrs. Fred A.
GaSkey and Mrs. Morris H.
Shepard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02
BY LYDIA LANE

HOLLYWoOD.-Anne jeff.
reys has an old-fashioned
quality to her beauty and in
her attitude toward life. In
ultra-modern Hollywood this
is very refreshing. Her hair
is long enough to sit on, and
her neat couture with a
chignon all her own has be-
come a distinguishing feature.
I'm not one for change"
Anne confided. Il like my
hair this way. 1t doesn't
need a permanent. I can
take care of it myself, and it
Is easy to keep in place. /
can't abide disorder even In
a couture. I never wanted
to change the color but Bob
kept suggesting that / tighten
it. (Anne is married to Actor
Robert Sterling).
I'VE did q show for NBC
where / had to wear q white,
powdered wig. Bob thought
this was so becoming to me
he said he wished I'd 60
platinum. AS q surprise to
him I went to q beauty par
lor In New York to have 1t
done. It took seven hours
to make me q platinum blond.
MY scalp was so sore from
the bleaching ! couldn't
brush my hair for days. Bob
was so delighted with the
way I looked that / tried to
Like it. too. but every time I
saw myself in the mirror I
felt I was looking at a
stranger. So a month later we
compromised, and I made it
darker than platinum but
lighter than nv own hair
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02
GLAMOUR is THEIR BUSINESS
Waste Not, Want Not
Advises Anne Jeffreys

"As. a child was tow
headed. But as I grew UP it
kept getting darker and
darker They say it's due to
the chemicals in the water"
do you take care Of your
own harp" / asked.
Her Long Hair
II can't find many opera
tors who know how to handle
hair as long as mine," Anne
explained. II shampoo It
under the shower. and I'm
careful to wash it down to
avoid snarls, and to comb 1t
out while it's still wet.
II bleach 1t myself, too. I
learned this, from necessity
when I was travelling, since I
didn't want to chance q new
operator each time. It's more
economical, too" Anne
admits that she frugal by
training.
las q child we lived with
my grandfather In North
Carolina in o 27-room house.
He was q big man in the COM
munity and successful one,
but he abhorred waste. I
remember we used to have
big meals but we were never
allowed q second helping Of
anything unless we had
finished everything on our
plates. He was very stern
about this. We were not
permitted to leave the table
until our plates were clean.
This made such an inn
preston on me that when I
go to q restaurant now and
have q steak much larger
than I can finish. I have no
shame about asking the
waiter to put it in a bag for
me to take home to my Sia-
mese cats"
Anne plans to teach her
daughter the value of waste
not, want not"
I'VE planned our baby so
she would be born during our
summer vacation" Anne con-
tinued. Il was working I'M
til I was six months pregnant,
but no one knew it because
I had gained only four
pounds. This took lots of
discipline and careful diet
ing. I limited myself to 1000
Galleries a day. Sometimes
when I had a craving for
apple pie, which is $50 cal
orleS, That lett me with very
little for the rest of my meals.
But the baby weighed eight
pounds and six ounces and
was the biggest in the hos
pital.
A Daily Check
"All during my pregnancy
I never drank one drop of
milk. I'm allergic to it, so
I took a concentrated vitamin
that is a natural food sup
plement. For seven years I
have been taking these pills
every morning and night. My
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02
ON THE
AGENDA

TODAY
Phi Mu Northern Virginia
Alumni--3 pm. at home of
Mrs. Carol Larsen. 2433 Fort
Scott drive, Arlington. Tea.
TOMORROW
Delta Zeta Alumnae Vir-
ginia Might Groups pm. at
home Of Mrs. Chester w.
Wilson. 24l3 Taylor avenue,
Alexandria. Meeting; pro-
gram. Mrs. ]. C. C. Potts.
Metal Jewelry - How to
Make Your own"
Robert e. Lee Chapter Of
UDC "a pm. Confederate
Memorial Hall. 1922 Vermont
avenue meeting.
University WOmen's Club,
Inc.-3 pm, French CONVEX
sation: 4 pm. club tea: 5
pm. program sponsored by
Public Affairs Committee: 6
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02

together. Our new show Is
Love That jill on ABC-Tv.
We enjoy working together
so much. 1t makes our hours
the same, and there is no
problem in combining mar
riage with a career"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-02

pm, club dinner: tbs pm,
evening book review group.
Woman's Club Of Lyon
Village = 1890 pm. Lyon
Village Community House.
Executive committee meet
ing.
Police Wives Club - $50
pm, Lotus Club. Night out