davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
Death of Mrs. Elva NJ. Gooding

Mrs. Elva M. Gooding, 81, wife
of Thomas M. Gooding of Clayton,
died suddenly Thursday morning
in Kent General Hospital, Dover,
where she had been admitted four
hours earlier. Mrs. Gooding was
stricken at her home about a am.
on the day of her death. Born in
Middletown, she was the daughter
of the late William and Carrie
Johnson Freeman. She had lived
in Clayton for a number of years
and was a member of st. Peters
Episcopal Church in Smyrna. In
addition to her husband, she is
survived by a sister, Mrs. Mildred
Holland of Temperanceville, Va.
Funeral services were held at 1:9O
pm. on Saturday, Dec. 2S, from
her home in Clayton. The Rev.
F. Sydney Bancroft, rector of st.
Peters Church, was in charge. In
terment was in Barratt's Chapel
Cemetery, Frederick.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
ARTIST SERIES
ON DEL. CAMPUS
French Pianist To Perform
Concert in Mitchell Hail
on January 9Th
PRESENT 4TH PROGRAM

Philippe Entremont, 23-year old
French virtuoso pianist, will be
heard in concert in Mitchell Hall
on the University of Delaware
campus, Monday, January 6, at
8:15 pm. His appearance marks
the fourth Artists Series program
of the 1888 season.
The brilliant young French
mans current tour involves more
than fifty recital and orchestral
engagements during four-month
span. His journey will take him
from Florida to British Columbia,
and will include appearances with
The New York Philharmonic, The
National Symphony Orchestra in
Washington, D. c., The Mime
apolis Symphony, The Chicago
Symphony, and other major orch
estras.
Despite his youth, Entremont
is a veteran traveller. His pre-
sent transcontinental tour, which
was sold out almost before it was
announced, is his fourth. He has
concertized since his 18th year in
his native country as well as
throughout Europe and North
Africa.
Last year Entremont embarked
on his first tour of South Amer
ica, and there received the same
critical acclaim which has been
accorded him wherever he has
performed. The result was con-
tract for three return tours south
of the border.
Entremont has recently signed
an exclusive, long-term recording
contract with RCA Victor. The
first of coming series of Entire
mont-Red Seal releases is of the
Tschaikowsky Concerto, Viii C h
was recorded in London this June
/ under the direction of Pierre Mon
teux. An all-Chopin disc, record
ed for Philippe, has been released
in the United States and Canada
by Epic Records. Several Entire
mont performances, including two
! Liszt Concerti cited by the New
York Times as among the best
concerto performances by anyone
on any instrument, are available
on the Concert Hall label.
Tickets may be secured at
$2.4O each by writing to Artists
Series, University of Delaware, or
by purchasing them in person at
the University of Delaware book
store in the Memorial Library.
Special ticket prices have been
established for students.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
st. Peters Church

The Rev. F. Sydney Bancroft,
rector of st. Peters Episcopal
Church, has announced that there
will be a service of Holy Com
munion at 10 am. on New Years
Day. On the second Sunday af
ter Christmas, January 5, there
will be service of Holy Com
munion at 8 am; Holy Commun-
ion with sermon, IL a.m.-Church
School, 10 am; Nursery-Kinder-
garten, IL am. On The Feast of
Epiphany, Monday, January 6
there will be a service of Holy
Communion at 10 am. The Feast
of Lights pageant will be held
Sunday, Jan. IL.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
ASBURY HOLDS
STUDENT DAY
Entire Sunday Worship Ser
vice Conducted Under
Youth Direction
H. t. PRICE, JR. PRESIDES

A unique service was conduct
ed at Asbury Methodist Church
this past Sunday when the en-
tire morning worship was in
charge of the young people home
from schools and colleges for the
holidays. Meditations of the morn
ing were brought forth by Ronald
Nowland and G. Richard Price,
both students at the University
of Delaware. Nowland's talk was
entitled Should Your Faith Be
Questioned p, and the topic Of
Prices message was For All Our
Years" Henry T. Price, Jr., also
a University of Delaware student,
presented the call to worship and
the benediction. The scripture les
son was taught by Nowland, and
the prayer was rendered by Rich
ard Price. The Senior and Junior
Choirs assisted the Asbury young
people with choral presentations.
Robert Reed was the organist.
Ushers were Robert Burge, Rich
ard Nelson, William c. Pritchard
III, John Urian, and Richard
Reed. Gail Lurty and Sandra Rob-
inson were hostesses. The regular
evening service of the church was
held this week in the Townsend
school where the Junior Choir,
under the direction of George Cal
ey, and the Youth Choir, under
the direction of Mrs. Ruth Knotts,
were blended with other similar
groups from the area in Christ
mas Choir Festival. Many MEM
bers OF the local congregation at
tended the special service at
Townsend in support of the local
youth who participated. Regular
evening services will be resumed
next Sunday, Jan. 5, at 7:3O
o'clock. The Rev. W. H. Revelle,
Jr., is pastor.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
COUNCIL OKAYS
A $4,000 LOAN
Funds Made Available For
GlenwOod Manor Sewer
Project System
BEGIN MAIN ST. WORK

At the regular meeting of Town
Council Friday night Edward H.
Richardson of Edward H. Rich
ardson & Associates, Inc, New
ark, was present as a consulting
engineer and gave an estimate of
$4,000 plus engineering costs to
build a sewage lift station and
collector system for the New
Street-High Street area. He plans
to have the engineering complet-
ed for advertising for construc-
ton by the middle of January.
Council authorized a $4,000 loan
from Equitable Security Trust
Company to be used toward the
construction of the Glenwood Man
or sewer project. Until construc-
tion starts the $4,000 will be in
vested in government securities.
George w. Langrell, Sr. applied
for a permit to place a house
trailer on the lot at High Street
and Cummins Street. The appli-
cation was rejected by council.
Town Manager Rex D. Gilmore
reported that $4,000 of the
municipal street aid fund had
been reinvested for another ninety
days in government securities. A
communication had been received
from the State Highway Depart
ment stating that the department
has started engineering work in
volved in the resurfacing of Main
Street. Mr.. Gilmore presented to
council a report showing growth
for 1857 on town utilities, indicat-
ing about five percent increase
over previous years. The next
regular meeting of council will be
held on Friday, Jan. 10.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
Local Courts Try 8 Cases

The following cases were inves-
tigated by the Smyrna police and
fines totalling $305 imposed at
local courts: Mary E. Waddell,
Arlington, Mass, running a red
light, fined $40; Stanley G. Mel
man, Baltimore, Md, reckless
driving, fined $25; James F. Mark
er, Smyrna, reckless driving, fined
$40; George w. Cunningham, Bal
timore, Md, drunken driving, fin
ed $500; Lester c. Horsey, Smyr-
ma, reckless driving, fined $40;
Carroll S. Shahan, Townsend, Del,
running a red light, fined $40;
Charles B. DeFord, Claymont,
reckless driving, fined SIS; Frank
r. Brown, Clayton, assault and
battery, fined $40, and disorderly
conduct, fined IS.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
Death of Mrs. Sarah e. Barlow

Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth Barlow,
n, wife of Gideon Barlow, died
Saturday at her home at Fields
boro following an illness of two
years. Mr.. and Mrs. Barlow NOV
ed to the Townsend area 13 years
ago from st. Georges. In addi-
ton to her husband she is sur
vived by a son, Donald G. Bar
low, Philadelphia; and three sis
ters, Mrs. Anna Bramble, Elkton,
Md; Mrs. Elsie Langenback, AL
lentown, Pa; and Mrs. Bessie
Hamilton, Wilmington. Services
will be held Tuesday at 2 pm.
from the Daniels Funeral Home,
Townsend. The Rev. Roy B. Phil
lips will officiate.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
MIHILLS COP TOP PRIZE
Named Winners in Town Xmas
Decoration Contest

Judging was completed last
Monday for the exterior Christ
mas decorations of homes in
Smyrna and the first prize of
S25 went to the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Kenneth Mihills, in the Cot
tage Dale Acres section; second,
John Richards, SIS; third, Leroy
P. Piper, DUPONT Parkway. Will
liam B. Owens, South Street, was
given first honorable mention;
and others given honorable men
tion included Charles A. Engle,
Cottage Dale Acres; Richard
Handsberry, Parkway Manor; and
Charles Rebar, Cottage Dale
Acres tied for honorable mention;
Neil Oechsler and DR.. John J..
Lazzeri, Lake Como Gardens; and
George E. Bryson, Mt. Vernon St.
The judges also commended the
residents of Parkway Manor, and
those of Clayton Road as out
standingly well decorated areas.
The prizes were awarded by the
town of Smyrna in an effort to
stimulate original and beautiful
holiday decorations of homes. The
judges were Mrs. Margaret M,
O'Neill, Thomas Mulligan, Charles
M. Gee, DR.. c. ]. Prickett, and
William E. Jones. Town Manager
Rex D Gilmore accompanied the
group on their tour of the town.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
Given Surprise Birthday Party

A surprise birthday party was
given Mrs. Mary Yeates on Christ
mas Day in celebration of her
s3rd birthday anniversary. The
affair was held at the home of
her grandchildren, Mr.. and Mrs.
Delbert Berry in Dover. Guests in
attendance included her son, Mr..
Francis Yeates and his wife, Dem
ton, Md; her daughter, Mrs. Mary
Y. Buzine, Wilmington; Mr.. and
Mrs. Lacy Wilson, Wilmington;
her sister, Mrs. Sadie Ash, Green's
boro, Md; Mr.. and Mrs. John
Cahall, Smyrna; Mr.. William Far
les, Smyrna; and Kenny Berry.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
NEW OFFICERS FOR GRANGE
Installation to Feature Kent Po-
mona Meeting Thursday, Jan. 2


mona Meeting Thursday, Jan. 2
The installation of new officers
will be a feature of the Kent
County Pomona Grange meeting
to be held at Capitol Grange, Do
yer on Thursday, Jan. 2. The
sessions will start at l am. and
dinner will be served by the host
grange at noon. Master Francis
Raughley will preside until the
new officers are installed. The
officers will be: Harold McGrath,
Smyrna Grange, master; Albert
Barthelmeh, Kenton, overseer;
Charles Maske, Bethesda Grange,
lecturer; Mrs. James Hates, Tro-
ply Grange, steward; Fred View
ell, Bethesda Grange, assistant
steward; Edgar t. Heinold, Smyr-
ma, chaplain; Mrs. William Con-
ard, Capitol Grange, treasurer;
Wallace Caulk, Fruitland Grange,
secretary; Mrs. Bailey Thomas,
Fruitland Grange, gate keeper;
Mrs. Paul Palmer, Kenton, Ceres;
Mrs. Anna Moore, Trophy Grange,
Pomona; Mrs. George Pyott, Cap
itol Grange, Flora; Mrs. Fred
Weivel, Bethesda, lady assistant
steward. Past State Master Har-
ry c. Johnson and his staff will
officiate at the installation.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
80 Persons Attend I.O.o.F. Party

The annual Christmas program
of Morning Star Lodge No. 6,
IO.O.F. was attended by about
eighty persons. Santa Claus was
present and a program was pre-
sented which included the singing
of carols and the serving of re-
freshments. There was defnitly a
feeling of Odd Fellowship and of
good will towards men.
Smyrna times., 1958-01-02
Death of Mrs. Eva Il. Hopkins

Mrs. Eva E. Hopkins, 81, died
in Smyrna on Tuesday, Dec. "a.
She was the wife of Colonel c..
Hopkins of Middletown. Funeral
services were held from the Dan
iels Funeral Home, Middletown,
last Friday at 1 o'clock. Inter-
ment was in Odd Fellows Gene
terry at Laurel.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Johnson $ Return
From Week. end OF
Chicago Business

Mr.. and Mrs. Robert johnson
Elm Street have returned from a
long weekend in Chicago on which
they combined business and plea
sure.
Mr.. Johnson is Southwest Dis
trict Manager for the DeKalt
Agricultural Company. Between
meetings he and Mrs. Johnson got
in some sightseeing; went to the
Boat Show and saw Walter Pid-
geon in "The Happiest Million
aire."
On a previous weekend the
Johnsons and their daughter,
Pat" were at Harper Woods, near
Detroit for a visit with Mrs. john
sons brother-in-law and sister, Mr..
and Mrs. r. A. Gustafson.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
tSOcietv, Social Events And News Of The Clubs
Safety Program Outlined Here In
Meeting At COover Clubhouse

The Madison County Farm Bu-
reau Women met at Coover Me-
mortal Club House, February q,
with a luncheon meeting.
The meeting was opened by Mary
Plymell, the chairman, who turned
it over to Mrs. Charles Cecil for
the opening. She used for her topic
Who Was st. Valentine?" Mrs.
Plymel then introduced the hos
tesses Mrs. Henry Geyer, Mrs. Del
bert Grouse and Mrs. Marcus King.
Mrs. Geyer introduced the after
noon speaker, Mrs. Let's Robertson,
Chairman of State Farm Bureau
Womens Committee. She explained
Tractor Safety" on the farm and
how Farm Bureau Women car
help prevent accidents by putting z
safety sticker on farm machinery
The women voted to take on the
safety program which vii be taker
to all farms whether they are
Farm Bureau members or not.
1t was announced that Mrs. Mary
Plymell had been elected chairman
of Southwest District Farm Blu
reau Womens Committee. This i!
quite an honor to Madison County
Those attending the meeting
were Mrs. Cecil Harsh, Mrs. AL
bert Karn, Mrs. Nettie Snyder
Mrs. Lawrence Brown, Mrs. S. M
Van Gunten, Mrs. Charles Cecil
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Former Residents Of
London Entertain
Friends At Dinner

Mr.. and Mrs. Oscar Gano, for
mer residents of London, enter
tanned Tuesday with cocktail par
ty and dinner. The guests were in
vited first to come to their new
home on the ST. Paris Pike, Spring
field, where cocktails were served
before going ON to the Springfield
Country Club for dinner.
The party then adjourned to the
home again for a social evening
together. Those from London en-
joying the hospitality of the Ganos
were Mr.. and Mrs. Wilbur Hume;
Mr. and Mrs. r. N. Ardrey; Mr..
and Mrs. Robert Clancy; Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. Richard Byers; Paul NJ.
Yauger; Miss Ruth Ann Tull; and
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Andrews of
Dayton.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Worthwhile Club
Meeting Features
Patriotic Motif

The February meeting of the
Worthwhile Club was held at the
Coover Memorial Clubhouse this
week with Miss Dorothy Street,
Miss Catherine Johnson and Mrs.
Byers Adair as hostesses. The
vice president, Mrs. Cecil Gaver,
presided at the meeting.
The program, built around a
patriotic theme, featured a paper
on George Washington which was
presented by Mrs. Adair. Miss
Johnson led in patriotic game
and Miss Street led the group in
a valentine contest.
Those attending enjoyed deli
cious refreshments during the So
cial hour.
The next meeting will be at the
home of Mrs. Herman Webb on
March 6 at 200 p. m.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Madison County Homemakers Had
Ttoo Officers At District Meeting

Madison County homemakers
joined with one hundred seventy
six Clinton, Fayette, Franklin,
Pickaway, and Ross County home
makers for the annual meeting of
the District 10 Home Demonstra-
ton Council meeting, Thursday,
February 20, in cambridge, Ohio.
A coffee hour at $50 a. m. start
ed the days activities. Mrs. Carl
Roberts, district president, direct
ed the program and business ses-
sions.
Madison County was honored in
having Mrs. Robert Halterman and
Mrs. Eugene Wilson participate in
the days activities. Mrs. Halter
man, president of the Ohio Home
Demonstration Council, addressed
the group with report of the
national and state past and future
activities, Ohio having been host
ess group for the national meeting
last year. Mrs. Eugene Wilson, Sec
retary of District 10 Home Demon
stration Council, gave the reports
of district secretary and treasurer.
Guest speaker for the morning
session was Mrs. Betty Transplant,
of the v. A. Hospital whose topic
was "Be Prepared or Panic.
AE&1vy fan n1n 1try,nhaCt,
served by the ladies of Ross Coun-
ty, Mrs. Dorsey Bumgarner, Pick
away County and past district
president, installed the following as
officers for the District Home
Demonstration Council: president,
Mrs. Ben Terrell, Clinton County;
vice president, Mrs. Marian Mark,
Fayette County; secretary-treas-
urer, Mrs. Winfred Bidwell, Pick
away County.
Pickaway County delegation won
the attendance award with forty
three present; followed by Clinton,
thirty-two; Madison, thirty; Fay
cite, fifteen; and Franklin, two
AS hostess county, Ross, with
fifty-four present topped the list
but was ineligible. The annual
award is an attractive tray, in
scribed with the winning county's
name.
The guest speaker for the after
noon was DR.. Christine H Hill
man, associate professor of Home
Economics Research, O.S.U. Her
topic was Growing Pains.
Mrs. Katherine Birmingham
Southwest District Supervisor
briefly summarized the thought OF
the day as they had been present
ed and concluded the meeting anG
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
BoyseI-J Vows
Said In Indiana With
Simple Ceremonies

Miss Juanita Eileen Boysel be-
came the bride of Frank Johnson,
Saturday, February IS, in the
Methodist parsonage at Liberty,
Indiana. The Rev. James P. Haas
read the vows.
Parents of the bride are Mr.. and
Mrs. Wilbur Boysel of Mechanics
burg, Route 2. The bridegroom is
the son of Mr.. and Mrs. Russell
Johnson of West jefferson, Route
l.
Mrs. Johnson is a graduate of
Northeastern High School and is
employed by the Williams Com
pany in London. Mr.. Johnson at
tended Madison Rural School and
is employed by the Wymer Tree
Expert Company.
The newlyweds are residing on
South Oak Street.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
California Vou,s
OF Interest To
London Residents

Announcements have been re-
ceived of wedding in California
that will be of interest to London
residents.
Mr.. and Mrs. Anthonie Van Har-
reveld, 764 South Oakland Avenue,
Pasadena, have announced the
marriage of their daughter, Frieda,
to Oscar Ford, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry Ford, of 4440 La Presa,
Rosemead, California, on Febru-
ary the eleventh.
The bridegroom's mother is the
former Prudence Moon, formerly
of London, and a sister of Mrs.
James M. Winchester, East High
Street.
Both the bride and bridegroom
are graduates of Pomona College,
California, and will reside on
Maryland Avenue in Washington,
D. c. The bridegroom, an accomp-
lished linguist, is associated with
Intelligence" Of the country.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Ohio Methodists
10 Stage Rally
March 8 AT V.M.A.

COLUMBUS tSpeciaD - Four
thousand Methodists from across
Ohio will meet in Columbus on
Monday, March 3, for an evangel-
istic rally in Veterans Memorial
Auditorium. The speakers for the
occasion are to be DR.. Harry Den
man, General Secretary of the
Board of Evangelism; DR.. Elmer
G. Homrighausen, Dean of Prince
ton Theological Seminary, Prince
ton, N. j.; and Bishop Hazen G..
Werner, resident bishop of The
Ohio Area of The Methodist Chur-
ch.
This rally, which is regarded as
one of the climax events of the
Lenten eyangelistic program called
The Concern, is planned to in
struct and inspire the ministers
and laymen who will be working
in their local congregations for the
winning of new members, who will
be received in most churches on
Palm Sunday, March 30.
This will be the third year for
the Methodists to gather in the Co
lumbus auditorium, with the feel
ing each year being that the spirit
captured at the Concern Rally was
an important force in the evangel-
istic results which the denomina-
ton has had each year in the Len
ten period.
Directing the music for the Raj
ly will be DR.. James Houghton,
head of the department of music in
Boston University School of The
ology, who has national reputa-
ton for making group singing an
inspiring experience.
AS vital part of this years ral-
ly program, young people from
several local churches will make
their personal testimony regarding
their share in this concentrated eff
fort to win people to Christ and
His Church.
Bishop HaZen G. Werner, who is
general chairman of the Concern
program, in commenting on the
significance of the Rally on March
3, said: There is a force which
comes to us from a great group
meeting like this, which in excess
of that power which we can receive
in our individual places, no matter
how seriously we may be going
about our determined plan to
reach people. Everywhere in to-
days world there is an urgency,
which occupies itself with missiles
and satellites and science. We are
concerned with people who do not
know Christ and for those who do
not live the Christian way they
know"
DR.. Harold F. Kellogg, admins
trative assistant to Bishop Werner,
and area director of the evangelis-
tic program, reports that the res
ervations which are coming in
from the nineteen districts of the
state indicate that the attendance
will equal or exceed that of the
two previous years.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28

the groups were Homeward Bound,
deeply grateful to Ross County
who had made the day red letter
one.
Those from Madison County in
attendance were: Mrs. Mary Kay
Halterman, Mrs. Mary Roby, Mrs.
Janice Alspaugh, Mrs. Gertrude
Gist, Mrs. Catherine Kennedy, Mrs.
Helen Coleman, Mrs. Margaret
Worthington, Mrs. Eileen Lambert,
Mrs. Olive CornWell, Mrs. Ken
meth Shaffer, Mrs. Floyd Deck,
Mrs. H. S. McSaveney, Mrs. Earl
Hull, Mrs. Clarence r. David, Mrs
Clay Tooker, Mrs. Beulah M. Lom-
bard, Mrs. Ross J. McCarty, Jr.
Mrs. Clifford Lippencott, Mrs. Eu-
gene Wilson, Mrs. j. J. Nicholson
Mrs. Edwin Clemans, Mrs. Glen.
dale Lightle, Mrs. Ann Smith, Mrs
Hazel King, Mrs. Rollie J. Myers
Mrs. Edwin L. Vallery, Mrs. George
Balo, Sr., Mrs. Bonnie Otte, Mrs
Corbett Justice, and Mrs. Shirley
Lynn Nall.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Egyptian Student Is
Speaker At Meeting
Of Methodist W.S.C.S.

Special speaker for the regular
dessert meeting of the WS.C.S. to
be held Monday at / pm. at the
Methodist church, will be Mrs.
FawZia Abdel-bary, Ohio State Un-
iversity student from Egypt. Elec-
tion of officers of the group will be
held during the business session.
Mrs. Abdel-bary, who is q years
old, came to this country last fall
as graduate student in Education
while her husband is taking his
graduate training in Electrical En-
gineering. She will talk to the So
ciety about Egyptian customs and
religion, as well as her own back
ground and ambitions.
Mrs. Harry Dickerson, president
has announced an Executive Board
meeting preceding the regular ses-
sion at 1890 pm.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1958-02-28
Women's S Club In
County Invited
To Enter Contest

Women's club groups in the
Madison County area were urged
today to enter representatives in
the 1858 Mrs. America" contest,
which gets under way here the
week of March 10.
Max Whiteside, local agent for
the Ohio Fuel Gas Company, local
sponsor of the contest, said a SOS
savings bond will be awarded to
the club whose representative
reaches the state finals of the con-
test.
In addition, Whiteside said, a
$50 savings bond will be given the
club sponsoring the woman who
becomes Mrs. Ohio. If she be-
comes Mrs. America, the club
will receive a $100 savings bond.
Deadline for entries IN the con-
test is March 10. Application
blanks can be obtained at the gas
company office, Sc South Oak
Street. All married women over 81
years of age are eligible to enter.
Winners will be chosen at local,
division, district, state, and nation
al levels.
A Mrs. Madison County" will
be selected the week of March 10.
She will advance to the district
cook-off at Springfield.
The winner of the district con-
test will receive a new gas range
with the burner with brain"
and a chance to compete in the
finals in Columbus, April 8 and 10,
where a new Mrs. Ohio" will be
chosen.