davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
Georqetown's Virtues

The recent letter from
George Frederick Miller
headed Antique George
town" prompts me to say that
during the last 80 years.
while other sections of
Washington were deterio-
rating. Georgetown has ac-
complished a miracle Of ur-
ban renewal without one
cent of assistance from the
Government. That is because
the citizens Of Georgetown
are constantly working to
preserve the historic char
acter, aesthetic qualities,
and real estate values Of the
area. Georgetown is not
only a pleasant place in
which to live and work. but
it is the No. / address in the
Nations Capital.
william E. Shepherd,
President, Georgetown Citi-
zens Association.
That letter from George
Frederick Miller regarding
antique Georgetown" an
noys. me.
/ am not a resident Of that
personalized area, but to me
it has a definite charm. The
past was not all wrong, you
know.
If Mr.. Miller wants to see,
live in, drive in. or in any
way experience modern
dwellings and their environ
ment, he may do so in any
direction from the city of
Washington at any time, day
or night. He can do so also
from any direction or at any
time from any city In the
United States.
He may. Of course, find
some lovely spots, but for
the most part he will find
little boxes huddled together,
with carportS, and T'V.
and radios, coupled with
other modern sound gadgets.
Privacy, as once known, is
entirely a thing of the past.
and that is all right for those
who like it.
But for those who like
Georgetown, for mercy sakes
leave it alone, as is.
Mary Hyde.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
Owners Rights

The controversy over the
old house in Georgetown the
citizens association has been
trying to keep from being
torn down illustrates the diff
ference between the rights
of an owner and the interest
Of the public.
You have to be pretty
public spirited to give up
something that you bought
and paid for, and want for
your own use. The owners
of the Georgetown house
don't want to give UP their
property.
They insist it would cost
much more than its use would
Justify to restore it. The
citizens association insists 1t
should be restored. regardless
of whether the owner gets his
money back or not.
Leaving economy aside,
how far should the public be
able to control the use OF
private property? This is the
basic question involved here,
and it is also at the root of
our coming problems. And
how far should the dictation
Of planning and zoning COM
missions be permitted to
extend?
Today a noisy handful of
citizens can gang up in a
coming hearing, and actually
prevent any reasonable use
of land.
Sometimes they make no
bones about it. They would
rather have the land unused.
With its trees. birds. etc.,
it makes q nice park, and
the owner is merely trying to
get rich quick" So let it
remain undeveloped If he
isn't satisfied.
The trouble with this is
that 1t violates one Of our
constitutional rights. Neither
individual citizens. the zonins
board. nor any other agency
Of the public should take
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
Snap Decisions

Various decisions BY the
President and the Secretary
Of State raise the question as
to whether they are making
full use Of the knowledge Of
our experts.
When Dulles decided two
years ago not to help Nasser
to finance the Aswan Dam,
he evidently did not foresee
the serious consequences. Yet
experts on. the Near East, II
they had been consulted,
could surely have warned him
Of the danger that Nasser
would turn TO the Soviet
Union for help and might
take the opportunity to seize
the Suez Canal. And the re-
cent decision to land our
Marines in Lebanon seems
also to have been made with
out consulting the experts;
for the adverse reaction by
Chancellor Adenauer, Pre-
mier de Gaulle and other
diplomats of friendly nations
seems to have come as a
surprise.
Since each decision is, in
effect, a choice between the
natural consequences of the
alternative policies considered
for dealing with q problem
situation, common sense sug-
gests that in the case Of q
decision Of great importance
to the Nation, every effort
should be made to secure the
most reliable predictions Of
the probable consequences
and that full use should be
made, as far as time permits,
of the special knowledge OF
Government experts on the
countries and subjects in
volved.
When a crisis calls for a
quick decision, a small group
of selected experts should be
brought together to discuss
the problem, the policies
available, and the probable
consequences of each policy
worth serious consideration.
until general agreement on
the main conclusions had
been reached. Then a brief
summary of these conclusions
as to policies and expected
consequences and Of the evil
dence on which each con-
clusion is based, but without
any recommendations as to
the decision to be made,
should be prepared. Such q
summary would be most use
full not only as a basis for a
sound decision but for secur-
ing popular understanding
and support and for convinc-
ing those who had doubted
the wisdom of the decision.
Gordon 8. FuIcher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
Mideost ANALYSIS

Permit me to examine
further a point made in Will
liam Ryan's interesting anal
ysis of Middle East events
published on August 4. Mr..
Ryan asserts that February,
1855, was the point at which
Col. NaSser determined to
turn to the Soviet bloc for
arms. In streSsing this date,
Mr.. Ryan notes that during
that month Israel, "nagged
by hit-and-run commando
raids" mounted an attack on
the GAIA Strip. This Israeli
action, incidentally, followed
nightly fedayeen raids which
had been harassing Israeli
settlers for five years prior to
the GAIA raid.
Mr.. NasSer has often con-
tended that this raid was the
reason for his turning to the
Soviets for armament. How
ever, need we accept his con-
tentions? May l suggest that
a more important and de-
cisive development in the
Middle East led Nasser to
ally himself with the Soviets?
In February, 1855, the
Baghdad pact was established.
The conclusion Of this agree
ment with Nasser's ancient
rival, Iraq, as its cornerstone
was a severe blow at Nasser's
pride. The Arabs have a say
ing, THE friend of my enemy
is my enemy and the enemy
Of my enemy is my friend"
Since Iraq Joined the Bagh-
dad pact, it became, in Mas
ser's eyes, IAN enemy" Of the
Soviet Union. 1t was there
fore obvious that Nasser
would ally himself with his
enemy's enemy-the Soviet
Union-and consequently be-
come anti-West and pro-
Soviet. These developments
we're. in fact, in no way con-
nected with the Israeli raid
into GAIA.
Lois c. SOkOl.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
What Awaits First Visitors to Moon
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

The bulk Of cosmie mat
ter still Is dispersed among
the stars and galaxies a.
atoms and molecules and
larger particles which are
condenSates OF these and
which constitute the coSmic
dust"
Out Of this cosmlc dust,
they stress. life probably
arose and stu may be arising.
The only place where a fAir
sample is likely to be OBJ
tanned Is the moon.
49,
The FIRST man on the moon
may never know what hit
him.
The very act OF landing,
however gently, may be like
setting of q million tons Of
dynamite under his feet.
Moon dust" may consist
largely OF particles rich In
carbon. nitrogen and oxygen
less than 100000 900 Of a'cen-
timeter in diameter.
A thick coating OF this kind
Of dust would account for the
very low reflection Of sunlight
both from the surface Of the
moon and from the planet
Mercury. Less than 7 per
cent Of this light Is reflected.
leading to theories that the
surface Of the satellite Is
blacker than the blacklist
rocks on earth.
The very fine dust would
be an equally good light alb
sorber. says DR.. John r. Plat,
University Of Chicago physi-
cist. in q report to the Ma
tional Association for the Adj
vancement Of Science here. II
also would be extremely re-
active chemically, he points
out. and explode at the slight
est disturbance.
Like Kicking Dynamite
The first man who plants
a rubber boot on q lunar sur
face" he says. may be In for
an unpleasant surprise" In
other words, it might be like
kicking a ton Of dynamite.
The dust presumably is the
dust Of interstellar space
swept up by the moon in its
ogbtt in four or five billion
years. Astronomers long have
poStulated that space is filled
with dust Of some sort which
Is responsible for reddening
the light Of distant stars. But
the dimensions of the dust
particles have been postu-
lated to be 200 times greater
than those conceived by DR..
Platt. Their total bulk has
been estimated at as much
as a million-fold greater.
But, he stresses, the kind
Of dust particles he postu-
lates would be highly light
absorbing and account both
for the reddening. Of stars
and the supposed color of
the lunar surface. Most sig
nificant, he stresses, are the
possible explosive effects of
landing a missile of any kind
on the moons surface. Before
anything Of the sort is at
tempted, he urges, various
possible laboratory expert
ments on the reflectivity of
common rocks and on minute
carbon-oxygen-nitrogen par
ticles should be made. These
might make it possible to get
a clearer idea Of the moons
surface.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08

The dust Of the lifeless
moon may hold the secret Of
LIES origin In the universe.
This dust has been pillng
up on the surface Of earth's
lifeleSs satellite probably for
three or four billion years
since the body Of the moon
was torn out Of this planet.
presumably by a close-paSs-
ing star, at some time near
the beginning Of the solar
system.
The dust, in many places
doubtless yards thick. has
gathered out OF interplane-
tary space through which
both moon and earth pass.
But there Is one great differ
ence between the two. The
moon Is sterile. once the dust
is deposited. presumably It
remains unaltered and essen
TALLY undisturbed. II life was
created In space, perhaps by
action Of ultraviolet light on
interplanetary material. then
the various steps Of the
process probably would be
preserved In the space debris
swept into the moon.
Problem for Space Crews
It is up TO crews Of the
FIRST space vehicles TO find
out, but they must proceed
with the utmost caution.
This hypothesis has Just
been presented to the Ameri-
can Association for Advance
ment Of Science here by DR..
Joshua Lederberg Of the Uni
versity Of Wisconsin and DR..
Dean B. Cowie Of the Carne-
gle Institution Of Washing
ton. The matter is Of enough
consequence, they say. that.
at the suggestion Of the Ma
tional Academy Of Sciences.
the International Council of
Scientific Unions has set UP a
special committee to review
the problems Of contamina-
ton of extraterrestrial OBJ
jects like the moon in these
days when trips into space
are seriously being consid
cred.
Earth. the report points
out, would not have been a
favorable place for the origin
Of life by natural chemical
process. although some of the
basic building blocks Of liv-
ing things, the amino acids,
have been produced out of
nonliving matter in labora-
tories during the past few
years. Says the report:
"A comparison Of relative
abundances of the elements
in the earth's crust and the
coSmic abundances reveals
that the crust is not q fair
sample Of total matter. In
fact, carbon, nitrogen and
oxygen make up about three
fourthS Of the total matter of
the universe, apart from n.y.
drogen and helium. The for
nation of the earth, there
fore. involved a fractionation
which left it relatively i'm
poverished with respect to
the lighter elements which
make up organic compounds
and the richness of organic
completely on our own planet
was formed out of the mere
dregs Of cosmic distillatiop.
However, We have only the
most rudimentary informa-
ton on the molecular chem
istry Of the universe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
SkepticoI of NAACP

Although the Nationa !
Association for the Advance
ment Of Colored People is a
much publicized and very
aggressive organization. with
a number Of rich and infuen-
tial members, / have never
heard or read Of a single
worthwhile accomplishment
Of this group. / would like to
know in exactly what, way 1t
is advancing the colored
people Of the Nation.
What. specifically. has the
organization done 10 improve
the Negroes health and stand
ard of living? What has it
done to ease the adjustment
of Southern Negro migrants
to urban centers in the
North? How many destitute
Negroes has it helped to feed
and clothe? How many has it
found employment for?
How many wholesome ac-
tivities has it sponsored for
Negro children? How many
Libraries. recreation centers,
arts and crafts programs,
athletic clubs, ETC., has 1t
established for Negro youth
in city slums? How many
child-care and household
management courses has it
made available to the poorer
class Negro mothers?
What effort is 1t making to
1educe the Negro crime rates
In Washington, New York
and other cities?
If the NAACP is truly
advancing the colored people,
it should stop hiding its light
under a bushel. 1t ought to
make known its contributions,
If any, to the betterment of
the Negro in America.
Elgar Smith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-08
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
Opposes Tar Increase
Storm Splits Ship.
70 of Crew Suved

GENOA. Italy. Jan. Is IR-
The Norwegian tanker Seirstad
split in two in . raging Mediter-
ranean storm today and at
least % crewmen of the 80
aboard were rescued. The
French admiralty said the 10
other crewmen, reported miss
ing earlier. were still aboard
the severed bow.
The bow Of the 9.974-ton ship
was reported earlier to have
sunk. But the French admiralty
in Algiers said both parts Of
the ship were still afioat. All
ships in the vicinity were
ordered to rescue the 10
stranded men.
The Dutch freighter Bintang
meSSaged she had rescued the
rs seamen about 100 miles east
Of Majorca. largest island in the
Balearic group on the east
coast Of Spain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
Scientists Seeking Huge EIectron
To Tome Power of the H-Bomb

Of the sun. This can be
achieved on earth only by ex-
plosion OF an atomic bomb.
which Is used TO spark" the
hydrogen bomb. The result Is
q big blast In a fraction Of a
second.
To control the enormous
energy. II Is recognized that
the hydrogen. or deuterium.
must be kept In some kind of
container while the fusion
process goes on. No material
on earth will stand up for an
instant under the enormous
temperatures required. The
most refractory Of all materials.
tungsten. melts at only 900
degrees r. Various ideas have
been proposed, such as So
called magnetic bottles" In
which the hot gas would be
held IN q restricted area by
magnetic forces without touch
Ing any material whatsoever.
Recently there have been re-
ports from Britain that the
problem Of controlling hydro
gen fusion has been partly
solved. A Joint British-Ameri-
can statement on the subject
is promised for January "a.
There have also been reports
of similar work at Princeton
University which premises TO
produce, by 1860 or 1861, q
hydrogen device far more pow
Continued on Page as. Col. Q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
PAY RAISE PLANS
ARE ANALYZED

WHITE HOUSE proposoIs Tor
seloy increases among Federal end
postol workers and militor person.
mel ore onolySed in stories end
charts on Pese AZ.
THE SENATORS ore on the rise,
soys Col Griffith, but Burton
Howkins doesn't osree. The StoTs
baseball writer tokes Col 10 tosk in
The ssssboll Beet on PoSs c-l.
chtNAIsEs look best when they're
worn ~ juniors. That's the con
senns Of the experts. writes Elem,
The s,oFs toshisn editor. hsf re-
port On wbot's new Of the week
lons fashion shows oppsos On Poss
IA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15

ommendation was based on q
four-month study BY Gen
Quesada.
Gen. Quesada's report also
proposed:
/. That the commercial air.
lines use TO the limit Of prac-
ticability." Baltimore's Friend
ship airport for jet operations
until the washington facility
Is completed.
2. The transfer Of flight OPP
erations from Boiling Air Force
Base and the Anacostia Naval
Air Station TO Andrews An
Force Base.
The Presidents letter Of
transmittal to Congress did
not comment on those two rec
concentrations.
The Chantilly site is COM
posed Of about 5000 acres
north Of U. S. Highway SO and
stands astride the Fairfax
Loudoun County lines. north
and west Of the town Of Chan
lilly.
The selection anticipates &C.
feasibility to Washington via
the outer belt expressway sys-
TEN and Federal highway pro-
gram already given top priority
by the Virginia Highway De-
partment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
Supreme Court
Admits Cholk

o. Roy Chalk. president Of
the d. c. Transit Co.. Inc,
today was admitted to practice
before the Supreme Court.
He was sponsored by WASH
ington Attorney Edward Coli
day. Mr.. Chalk took the oath
before the assembled justices
along with q group Of other
attorneys.
Mr.. Chalk is a member Of
the bar Of the New York State
Supreme Court. He said he did
not intend to practice before
the high court here. but he felt
he wanted the honor Of being
admitted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
BY THOMAS n. HENRY
Science Editor Of The star


Recent experiments In both
the United States and Russia
may point the way to a work.
able method Of extracting con-
trolled energy from the atom
fusion process.
American scientists are try
ing 10 follow a new Soviet lead.
involving discovery Of q mys-
terious huge electron which
could determine the future Of
civilization by tanning the
power Of the H-bomb.
Working under sponsorship
Of the once Of Naval Research.
these scientists are trying 10
ind this elementary particle Of
matter. which has all the pro-
perties Of the electron but
weighs 500 times as much. Pure
energy transmitted into mass,
II probably exists 81 an entity
somewhat less than q millionth
Of q second.
A Momentous event
The existence Of this particle
has been claimed. apparently
In complete good faith. by q
Russian scientist. II the dis
covery can be nailed down. II
might well be one Of the most
momentous events in human
history. This has not happened
yet, and TO avoid exaggeration
II is only fair TO say that Naval
n Research contractors, after
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15

he suggested. to reduce the time
that Foreign Ministers would
have to spend preparing for q
heads-of- government session.
Somewhere along the line.
Mr.. Eisenhower commented.
items for the agenda Of the top
level meeting would have to be
negotiated. or there would be
no profit in the get-together.
He recalled that Soviet Com
munist party Chief Nikita
Khrushchev agreed last May
10 in q public statement that
the substance Of any summit
meeting must necessarily be
properly prepared beforehand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15

site. bounded by Pennsylvania
avenue. jackson place, H and
Seventeenth streets NV.
But the National Grange re-
fused to bulge from its head
quarters at ia jackson place
NV. It contested GSA con-
domination in Federal Court.
And Congress. apparently in
response to Grange influence.
barred spending Of any money
on this favored building Of the
President.
Still Negotiating
GSA still Is negotiating with
the Grange.
National Grange Master
Herschel Newsom said yester-
day the Presidents bid for
money would bring this situa-
ton to q head" The request
win tend to expedite the mat
ter" GSA spokesmen agreed.
The Presidents action also
was In line with Congressional
Appropriation Committees SEN
timent last session for direct
rather than lease funding Of
Federal buildings.
Only one Of the % approved
projects was finished by 1858.
according to the Presidents
budget makers.
GSA ofiicials said 50 build
ings. including two IN Washing
ton. were slated for completion
by 1889. The lease-purchase
win forge ahead" with
Continued on Page As. Col. 7
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
EIsENHOWER's HEALTH
President Feels Well ,
Hopes to Garry On

there had been no damage-and
he laughed hereto whatever
intellectual faculties he had.
Any time he believed. or any
group Of doctors believed. that
he was not up to doing his job,
he went on. he would have no
recourse but to resign.
The President has always
displayed a good deal Of de-
tachment about his health. But
he never. in the opinion Of
some Of the 270 reporters pres
ent at his first press confer
ence since last October 30. dis
played more detachment about
his job.
No Worse Than Expected
Invited by q reporter to dis
course about the august ONCE"
he will have held I'VE years
come Monday. the President
responded discursively that It
was really no tougher than he
had expected when he took It.
As for the impression he con-
veyed. II was far different from
the one he was Vat pains to
create less than q week ago
when he appeared before the
Congress to give his state-of-
the-Union message. Then, the
image projected was Of a deter.
mined learer. Today. the Presi-
dent talked more like an UNI
pire.
For instance. last Thursday,
he spoke in ringing terms OF
his intention toaend feudine at
the Pentagon. ". :, to end In
See HEALTH. Page ALI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
NATIONAL AIRPORT
SETS PASSENGER
OPERATION MARKS

For the first time in It's
history. National Airport
passed the 4-million pas
senger mark last year and
set q new high IN plane
movements.
The passenger total for
1857 was 4.463 .227. an In
crease Of t2.s per cent over
1866.
Total operations-take-
oifs and landings-rose TO
276.717 last year. an In
crease Of IA per cent over
the 1856 total Of 257.762.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
Experts to Aid
In Revumping
Of Pentugon

Secretary Of Defense McElroy
said today he Is naming three
top-ranking military men and
. number Of civilians to help
him draft plans for reorganiz-
ing the Defense Department.
Mr.. McElroy told newsmen
My principal military con-
sultants win be Cen. Nathan
Twining, chairman Of Che Joint
Chiefs Of Stan. and Gen.
Twining's two predecessors in
that ONCE. Admiral Arthur w.
Radford and Gen. Omar Brad
ley. Mr.. McElroy said they have
agreed to serve.
There viii be other consult
ants representing civilian points
Of view. Mr.. McElroy said. but
he added he is not ready to
AAallAC bttCtAi.
He said. There will be no
committee" 10 work out the re-
organization plan but. Il will
have highly competent con-
sultants to help me as !. con-
slider what recommendations /
will make to the President to
improve the organization of the
Defense Department they
will act as individual consult
ants"
Mr.. McElroy spoke with
newsmen as he left a closed
door meeting Of the House
Armed Services Committee,
which Is conducting a broad
investigation Of the military
establishment and has on its
list Of subjects interservice riv-
alries and proposals to unity
the armed services more
tightly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-15
PRESIDENT SLIPS
ON 'FINALIZED'
BULGANiN REPLY

President Eisenhower's
reply this week to Soviet
Premier Bulganin's letter
of December 10 went
through so many drafts
that the President himself
got mixed up today on
what was finally put in it.
Mr.. Eisenhower asked q
reporter II he had read
the letter. then cited o
passage that was cut from
the final draft.
It apparently had re-
quested Premier Bulganin
TO give the Eisenhower let
ter the same publicity as
Mr.. Bulganin's.
Press Secretary James c.
Hagerty smilingly cor
rected the President. So
Mr.. Eisenhower then went
on record hoping that his
letter would get exactly
the same publicity in So
Wet areas that Mr.. Bull
ganin's got in this country.