davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13
Gromyko Challenges
Eisenhower Program

Continued From First PAGE
demanded In a Soviet resolu-
ton offered yesterday. II such
a move can be made 10 appear
10 have been taken as the re-
suit OF pressure brought IN the
General Assembly by the Soviet
Union. Mr.. oromyko viii UNI
doubtedly consider his mission
here . complete success.
The Soviet Foreign Minister
derided "skeptics and optimists'
who did not believe In the grav-
ity OF the present situation,
comparing Il 10 the indifference
OF Western European states on
the eve Of World War II.
The Western Intervention,
he suggested. was undertaken
at a time when the USSR was
actively trying 10 arrange q
summit conference and had
Just taken the historic deci-
sion" 10 halt nuclear tests. He
implied that the move was
an attempt 70 divert world
attention from these Soviet
Initiatives.
Some Positive Action
On the positive side. Mr..
Gromyko confined himself TO
repeating long-Standing Soviet
proposals for sterilization OF
the Middle East. These include
non-intervention by the great
powers in Middle Eastern af-
fairs. respect for the sover-
eighty and Independence Of the
nations. settlement of all dis
putes by peaceful means. and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13
EISENHOWER
Continued From First PAGE

Continued From First PAGE
rostrum during Sir Leslie's brief
introduction.
The delegates and visitors
who had been sternlv warned
against any demonstration
heard his speech out in perfect
silence. The President spoke
slowly with harsh emphasis
particularly in passages ir
which he took the Soviet Unior
to task for it's part in the recent
Near Eastern crisis.
When the speech was over
the entire Assembly, with the
exception of the Russians ano
a few other delegations, APP
plauded warmly. Mr.. EiSen-
hover sat down again to re-
ceive the thanks of Sir Leslie
for his appearance. The AS
sembly was then adjourned for
10 minutes while the President
was escorted from the hail
Mr.. Eisenhower drove imme-
diately to La Guardia Airport
to board his personal plane,
Columbine III, for the return
flight to Washington.
Previous Expressions
The President in his speech
made no reference directly tC
indirect aggression" He made
clear, however, that the United
States considers the aggressive
Middle Eastern propaganda as
a major element in the inSta-
bility Of Jordan and Lebanon
He reminded the Assembly that
on three previous occasions the
u. N. had expressed itself
against "formenting civil strife
and subverting the will OF the
people in any state"
Il believe this Assembly
should reaffirm its enunciated
policy and should consider
means for monitoring radio
broadcasts directed across
national frontiers in the
troubled Near East area and
for examining complaints from
these nations which consider
their national security leopard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13

ton and the possible functions
of a regional Arab development
institution, whose task would
be to accelerate progress in
such fields as industry, agri-
culture, water supply, health
and education.
Third-Other nations and
private organizations which
might be prepared to support
this institution should also be
consulted at an appropriate
time.
Should the Arab states agree
on the usefulness of such a
soundly organized regional in
stitution, and should they be
prepared to support it with
their own resources, the Uniled
States would also be prepared
to support it.
The institution would be set
up to provide loans to- the Arab
states as wen as thestechnical
assistance required in the forr
mutation Of development prof.
ects.
The institution should be
governed by the Arab states
themselves.
This proposal for a regional
Arab development institution
can, I believe. be realized on a
basis which would attract in
ternational capital. both public
and private.
Two Approaches Asked
I also believe that the best
and quickest way to achieve
the most desirable result would
be for the Secretary General to
make two parallel approaches.
First to consult with the Arab
states of the Near East to de-
termine an area of agreement.
Then to invite the Interna-
tional Bank for Reconstruction
and Development, which has
vast experience in this field,
to make available its facilities
for the planning of the organi-
rational and operating tech
niques needed to establish the
institution on progressive
course.
hope it is clear that l am
not suggesting a position OF
leadership for my own country
Continued on Page AS, Col. /
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13
Nv

There is another matter
which this Assembly should
face in seeking to promote
stability in the Near East. That
is the question Of infiammatory
propaganda. The United Ma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13
Development Unit Asked

To help the Arab countries
fulfill these aspirations, here
is what l propose:
First-That consultations be
Immediately undertaken by the
secretary general with the
Arab nations of the Near East
to ascertain whether an agree
ment can be reached to eStab-
lish an Arab development in
stitution on a regional basis.
Second-That these consul
tations consider the compost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-13
Doesn't Mention Nasser

At no time did the President
mention President Canal Alb
del Nasser Of the United Arab
Republic. but neither did he
specifically accuse the JAR of
fomenting the Mideast crisis
by interference in Lebanon az
fairs-a charge the United
States made at the time it sent
troops into Lebanon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
Day of the Americas

Today marks the 10th anniversary
of the founding of the Organization of
American States. With the exception
OF Canada, which is sort of informal
member, this family Of nations I'll Of
them) embraces every country in the
Western Hemisphere More important
than that, however, 1t embraces an idea
that sets up a splendid goal for the
entire world, on both sides of the Iron
Curtain.
The idea can be expressed simply
enough What it means, in practice, is
good neighborliness in the form Of eco
nomic, political and cultural co-opera-
ton among all the countries of our
hemisphere. 1t means also, again in
practice as well as in words, a common
effort in behalf of mutual defense and
the peaceful settlement of inter-Ameri-
can disputes. These are not dreamy
detectives. They are not ideals far re-
moved from reality. AS has been dem
onstrated many times in the paSt-most
recently in the way the GAS has relaxed
potentially dangerous tensions between
certain of our sister republics in Central
America-the nations of the so-called
New World have really learned to live
together, and work together, to degree
not equaled by most of the Old World.
To say this, of course, is not to sug-
gest that our inter-American' system is
f1awleSs. Actually, in terms of its inter
nal stresses and strains, 1t still falls far
short of perfection. But even so, taken
all in all, the peoples living within it
upward of 355 million human beings
with widely diverse backgrounds-have
blazed kind of trail for Europe, Asia
and Africa in the difficult business of
promoting international harmony on a
regional basis. In that sense, as Presi-
dent Eisenhower once declared, there
can be no doubt that our hemisphere
cooperation represents IAN historic and
meaningful unity. 1t has been-for our
whole continent-an honest and pro-
ductive unity. 1t can be-for other
areas Of the world-a prophetic and in
spring unity. For it is triumphant tes-
timony, before all the world, that peace
and trust and fellowship can rule the
conduct Of all nations, large and small,
who will respect the life and dignity Of
each other"
So on this Pan-American Day.
day which our hemisphere has formally
celebrated on every April IA since 1881,
we and all the other nations of the New
World have reason to take pride in the
great regional community we have or
gained and are still working to per-
feet And by the same token, as inter-
ested onlookers, nations elsewhere have
reason to study this community as the
possible forerunner of a worldwide
family Of peoples joined together as
good neighbors cooperating for de-
cent and enduring peace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
Concentrate the Attack

Washington and many other cities
have found that 1t pays to concentrate
In a special police squad the RESPONSE
bility for suppressing outbreaks Of gang
type warfare among youths. The recent
flareup Of violence among teen-age
gangs in Prince Georges County sug-
gests the advisability Of a similar attack
on the problem there.
Latest evidences Of youthful mob
laWleSsnesS have been seen in Fairfax
County in Virginia as we'll as in Prince
Georges County. However, Fairfax po-
lice, who have juvenile delinquency
bureau, have discounted reports that any
organized gangs were involved in the
threatened intersectional battle Wednes-
day night at Annandale. The teen-age
gang situation In that county seems to
be under control. Certainly the police
acted promptly and effectively in pre-
venting what might have been blood
letting fracas.
In Prince Georges County, however
police are handicapped by lack OF spe-
cial juvenile division and by failure OF
the County Commissioners to support
Police Chief Panagoulis' efforts to estab-
lish one. Nevertheless, the need for such
specialized offensive against juvenile
crime has been recognized by other
off1cial agencies, including the Juvenile
Court and the October grand Jury. Ju-
venile Court Judge Emmett Mamma, in
referring to the police roundup OF 10
juveniles after a vicious furry of gang
violence this week, said that gang trou-
bleS in the Suitland- District Heights
Oxon Hill area have been building up for
some time. He Endorsed the recommen-
dalton Of the october grand Jury for
creation Of police juvenile division to
deal exclusively with the problem. Yet
the president Of the. County Commits
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
One Against Nine

Although it is hardly per-
ceivable at the present. an
open conflict is brewing
between Congress and the
supreme Court. Among
Southern men especially. is
a deep resentment against
the courts segregation rul-
ing. and among all Congress
men is an apprehension that
judicial review is the all
powerful factor of the Fed
eral Government. Ever since
1901. tension has existed
between the branches, and
may become open warfare
soon Many gripes against the
court are. however. justified.
Waiting until a case comes
up to decide a current prob
lem is a ridiculous waste OF
time. when all those nine
men have to do is give a
simple Eyes" or NO" And
refusing to hear a case be-
cause it is political" not
legal. is a coverup to excuse
ignorance. The entire Nation
is held back by the indecision
OF nine unelected men. and
this is definitely not very
democratic.
Thomas Patton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
'NucIeor Dynamite

With one of the biggest nonatomic
explosions ever set off in the world, the
Canadians now have erased Ripple Rock
from the Seymour NarrowS off British
Columbia. They have thus put an end
to navigation menace that has cost
many lives and long been worry to
Seamen. They have done it with 1875
tons of dynamte-enough to displace
and Shatter an immense amount of
solid granite.
Despite its efficiency, however, this
big blasting operation was considerably
less powerful than the underground
nuclear defamation set off last Septem-
Der at our Nevada test site. Equivalent
to l,700 tons of TINT, the detonation-
which sent no radioactivity into the
open air-completely crushed 100000
tons of rock. At the same time it dem
onStrated the possibility of using atomic
explosions to do a number of very i'm
portant jobs for peaceful purposes.
AS explained by DR.. Libby of the
Atomic Energy Commission, these Jobs
all carried out underground in a way
that would eliminate the danger of
radioactive fallout-could involve such
significant things as the creation of big
Subterranean reservoirs of water, the
opening up of new mineral supplies and
the exploitation of vast oil fields now
trapped in rock formations These are
but few of the promising possibilities
foreSeen for "nuclear dynamite"
In fact, according to some experts,
1t seems almost inevitable that man, as
he learns more and more about atomic
explosives, will eventually employ them
on large scale, in preference to con-
ventional dynamite, for big earth
moving operations of great nonmilitary
value. This is a factor that suggests
land the Russians probably agree with
the Suggestion) that a total interna-
tional ban on all types Of nuclear det-
onationS could have the effect of block
ing peaceful progress.
Accordingly, regardless of whatever
international agreement may be reached
to control or outlaw the testing and
production of atomic-hydrogen weapons,
''nuclear dynamite is likely to come
into widespread use throughout the
world in the years ahead AS Secretary
Dulles has indicated, this is one of the
reasons why the problem of establishing
effective supervision and inspection is
extremely complex. Clearly, If there is
ever to be trustworthy solution guar
anteeing that A or H explosions are for
civil rather than military purposes, there
will have to be elaborate policing ar
engagements Of sort that the Kremlin
has yet to accept even in principle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
LETTERS TO THE STAR

are thousands Of people in
the Washington area whose
weekly gross income is from
$40 to $45. Every week they
pay about 81 Federal tax.
After social security and
disqualification deductions,
their take-home pay is about
1913 or $34 a week. Many of
these people, out of this
princely amount, help a close
relative. but not enough to
class the recipient a de-
pendent.
How can one live a decent
life on this much money? A
substantial tax reduction
should be granted people in
the low-income brackets.
This might help alleviate
to some extent the recession.
enabling low-salaried workers
to buy food and even clothes
and shoes once in a while.
One Of Them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14

Sioners has said he can see no need for
such a division at present. Last Tues
days gang battle, in which one boy was
shot, did not constitute an emergency
he told reporters.
The idea behind the concentration
of division or squad of police on the
juvenile crime problem, however, is to
act preventively before an emergency
can develop. To wait for a real emer-
gency situation to arise before adopt
ing preventive measures is to risk letting
things get out of hand. The time to
crack down on juvenile hoodlumism is
when it is in its incipient stages.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
Willy Reds

Regarding the current con-
troversy over Communists.
reformed Communists. and
what have you. may / cite the
following direct quotation
from Georgi Dmitrov, as Sec
rotary General Of the Com
munist International:
"As Soviet power grows,
there will be a greater aver
sion to Communist parties
everywhere. So we must
practice the techniqueS Of
withdrawal. Never appear in
the foreground: Let our
friends do the work. We must
always remember that one
sympathizer is generally
worth more than a dozen
militant Communists. A uni
versity professor. who with
out being a party member
lends himself to the interests
of the Soviet Union. is worth
more than a hundred men
with party cards. A writer Of
reputation. or a retired gen.
eral. are worth more than
500 poor devils who don't
know any better than to get
themselves beaten up by the
police. Every man has his
value. his merit. The writer
who. without being a party
member. defends the Soviet
Union, the union leader who
is outside our ranks but
defends Soviet international
policy. is worth more than
a thousand party members.
Those who are not party
members or marked as Com
munists enjoy greater free
dom of action. This dis
simulated activity which
awakes no resistance is much
more effective than a frontal
attack by the Communists.
Our friends must confuse the
adversary for us, carry out
our main directives. mobilize
in favor Of our campaigns
people who do not think as
we do, and whom we could
never reach. In this tactic
we must use everyone who
comes near us. and the
number grows every day"
There are some who accuse
us OF seeing a Communist
under every bed" Have you
looked under yours lately?
Eleanor NJ. Smith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
Kniqht With q BADGE
/ wish to relate an inciden

I wish to relate an incident
which ! believe is a compli-
ment and a tribute to a mem
Der Of our Metropolitan Police
Department, and. moreso.
proves the age Of chivalry is
not necessarily a thing Of the
past.
This past week my wife was
driving her aunt to the doc
tors for a check-up. AS she
came to a traffic light at
Kansas avenue and Thir-
teenth street she felt a
humping in the wheels Of
her car. AS she alighted she
noticed that one rear tire was
fiat. At that moment a well
dressed gentleman approached
her and asked II she had a
spare in the trunk and a jack
and other tools. She did. He
changed the tire and put her
car into operation. Offering
him a tip for his kindness,
the gentleman remarked that
this was the compliments of
the Metropolitan Police De-
partment. He displayed his
badge. No. 1901, and was on
his way.
Needless to say, this was a
kindness we'll appreciated. and
l believe might be worthy Of
your fine newspapers desire
to publish same for the bene-
At Of your many readers. Our
hats are of to the Wash
ington police and to this fine,
gentlemanly ofhcer.
Albert RathneF.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14

Director j. Edgar Hoover's
stern remarks on juvenile de-
linquency, but most Ameri-
cans would feel a lot safer II
our courts-especially the Su-
preme Court-were as real
istic and sensible as Mr.. Hoo
yer. instead of being modern
progressive" types. admin
istering an impotent and in
credible brand Of justice.
In the past few years We
have witnessed the outrageous
freeing Of legally convicted
Communist seditionists, rap
lists and other criminals whose
guilt had been established by
fair jury trials in State and
local courts. AS Of right now.
the gravest peril to America
is not Russia, on the outside,
but rather an internal COL
lapse caused by weakness and
failure to punish treason.
crime and corruption on the
inside.
Members OF the clergy.
using the genteel approach.
have not achieved any great
success in reducing either
juvenile or adult crime. But
Mr.. Hoover has achieved note
worthy success in days and
years past when he received
cooperation from the courts.
And If he and the various
local police departments could
get that same kind Of CO.
operation from the courts in
this day and age. millions of
Americans would be able to
breathe easier. especially at
night.
Robert A. Mullen,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
V|STAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Maya Land Has Two Good FRIDAYS

CHICHICAS TENANGO,
Guatemala (by MALL There
are two Good Fridays in Maya
land.
The first Good Friday starts
at dawn in this cobblestoned
city almost two miles high,
80 per cent of whose popula-
ton are short, stout, broad
shouldered Queche Indians,
perhaps the nearest of all
extant people to the suppos-
eddy long-extinct builders of
the New Worlds greatest alb
original civilization. 1t is a
time of solemnity and weep
ing. The sepulchered image
of the Saviour is carried on
the shoulders of Queche dig
nitaries to the city sepulcher.
This is presumably a unique
institution. 1t is a small
church, directly across the
main square from the parish
church. There the coffin is
laid on the altar, to remain
until the next Holy Week.
Only two or three times a
year. explains the parish pas
tor. the Rev. Jose Maria
Suarez. is any mass said or
any ceremony held in the
church. 1t remains open,
however. all the time for the
Indian parishioners to pay
homage to the coffined image.
Time Of Celebration
At about 3 pm. starts the
second Good Friday. which
may last through the next
day. 1t is a time of some
what hilarious celebration.
Eff1gies Of Judas IScariot,
hanging from trees, are torn
down and burned in the pub
lie square. This, FIR. Suarez
explains, is time for rejoic-
ing. Frankly it turns into a
rather general drunk. 1t
would be considered rather
bad form to speed the rene
gade disciple on his way to
He'll without at least one swig
Of white lightning" This is
an extremely potent native
rum, about IS per cent alco-
hol, which apparently has no
Queche or Spanish name.
White lightning" is an addi-
ton to the Queche language,
believed not dissimilar to that
OF the ancestral Maya, from
prohibition days in the United
States.
My wife and I had been
put up for the night at a
crude. dirty and bad Indian
pension. When we came out
to the street in the late Good
Friday afternoon a wild fist
fight was in progress on the
street. The combatants were
a woman with a baby
strapped on her back and a
man. presumably her hus-
band. who had imbibed a
little too much.
They exchanged blows
with vigor. The mans &C.
curacy. however, was quite
impaired. In about a min
ute the woman landed a hard
left to his jaw. He fell on
the cobblestones, writhed,
and lay sobbing. The woman,
with q gesture Of contempt,
went her own way. At no
time was there any outcry
from the baby. 1t is doubt
full II it even woke up during
the smuggling match. When
we came back q half hour
later the man still lay where
he had fallen. and he still
was sobbing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-14
Improving Suez

In normal times, net tonnage trav-
cling north and south through the Suez
Canal between the Mediterranean and
Red Seas far exceeds the volume of
traffic recorded on any other interna-
tional waterway. In keeping with this
Importance, continuing modernization
and enlargement of capacity of the
canal are collateral requirements affect
ing the interests Of many nations. It
Is welcome news, therefore, that the
World Bank has agreed to continue COL
liberation with the Egyptian Canal Au-
thority on studies of future traffic needs
and ways to meet them. Lieutenant
General Raymond A. Wheeler who di-
rected clearance of the canal after the
Suez invasion and who is an engineering
conSultant for the bank, already has
started preliminary surveys.
Meanwhile, the Canal Authority
itself is proceeding with plans for an
other near-term project to deepen and
widen portions of the l03-mile passage.
Bids for this work are to be opened on
May IS. Before the canal was blocked
during the invasion in late 1855, the
normal draft allowance was 35 feet.
On the reopening in March, 1857, the
allowance was 80 feet and dredging
work since then has brought it close
to the earlier depth. Objective of the
next stage is to increase the allowance
to 81 feet-permitting transit of ships
carrying heavier pay load. 1t is esti-
mated that 43-foot draft eventually
will be needed for passage of some
of the super-tankers already coming
into operation.
Financing arrangements for the
various steps in the canal improvement
have not been disclosed, and probably
have not even been completed. Eugene
r. Black, World Bank president, said
that Egypt has not requested a bank
loan, but the Cairo government is re-
ported to have approached private
MISUNDERSTANDING some American
firms. Canal revenues and assets are
considered sufficient to attract this type
Of financing.
Significantly, both Mr.. Black and
General Wheeler have commended the
Canal Authority's operation OF the wa
terway since its naturalization. At in
vitation Of the Cairo government, the
bank is helping to negotiate terms Of
compensation to the previous private
ownership. Mahmoud Younis, the Egyp-
tian engineer who is head of the Au-
thority, has described the canal as "a
public utility =. navigational con-
ception based on facts and figures:
lengths, Depths widths, drafts-and no
politics" If this conception is to pre-
vail, world interests can be served by
cooperative improvement of the great
waterway.