davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04

enough to suit the French
colonists.
Gen. de Gaulle is almost
certain to run into trouble if
the eolonists get the idea he
intends to go easy with the
Algerian nationalist rebels.
The report has spread that
Gen. de Gaulle has in mind
an autonomous Algeria. fed
Grated with France, in which
Moslems would have an equal
status with the colonists. The
colonials, who would be out
numbered almost 8 to !. have
furiously resisted any such idea.
Gen. de Gaulle set himself a
crowded three-day schedule in
Algeria, including visits tomor-
row to Constantine and Tou-
CART, in East Algeria. and on
Friday to Oran.
From Oran, the Premier was
scheduled to fly back to Paris,
but from Corsica came an in
vitation from the military
civilian junta which seized
control of that French Med
iterranean island after the
French uprising in Algeria. A
priest just back in Paris from
Corsica said the junta there
also was unhappy about Gen.
de Gaulle'S cabinet. There was
no indication, however, that
the general would go to Corsica.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04

Deputy from Corsica who has
been suspended by his COL
leagues for leading the insur-
rection on his island.
Accompanying Gen. de Gaulle
on his historic flight were Gen.
Paul Ely, the Chief of Staff of
the armed forces; Admiral
Henri Michel Mony, commander
of the French Navy; Max Le-
jeune, cabinet minister for the
Sahara; Andre Malraux, the
famous author who is his in
formation and propaganda ex-
pert, and a raft of other
officials.
The official journal today
published a list of supplement
tary government appointments
but there still was no indica-
ton who would be named min
lister for Algeria, key post in
the present situation. There
was speculation in AlgierS the
Premier might announce the
appointment there.
The French extremists in
Algeria express public salts
faction at Gen. de Gaulle'S in
stallation. But privately they
are bitter about the inclusion
in his cabinet of moderate
politicians whose policy in
former cabinets toward the
Algerian war was not tough
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04

tendencies, Gen. de Gaulle may
have to impose a socialist-type
wage-and- ce-controls sys-
tenn in France to enforce his
austerity program. How he
does it will affect his relations
with the non-Communist left.
And if the left goes along
with Gen. de Gaulle during his
first six months. how can he
bow out without causing the
same old cleavage between left
and right that has bedeviled
France in the past?
These are questions that Dip
lomats in Washington are ask
ing themselves as Premier de
Gaulle sets about his top pri-
ority task--finding a peaceful
solution to the French-Algerian
question.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
President
Sends Best
ToDe GuuIIe

PARIS. June 4 (P.-Presi.
dent Eisenhower yesterday
wished Premier de Gaulle good
luck.
A White House message
handed over by the United
States Embassy said:
Dear Mr.. Prime Minister,
Il wish to offer you my
personal congratulations anc
good wishes on assuming direc-
ton of the French nation.
"You can be sure that I re-
tain warm memories of the
important and friendly asso-
citation which we maintained
in the critical days of the
Second World War.
"You know of my deep and
lasting affection for France
You can be assured of my
sympathy and my under
standing for the great tasks
you are on the point OF
undertaking.
PLEASE accept, Mr.. Prime
Minister, my best wishes for
the success of your mission.
Sincerely, Dwight D. Eisen-
hover"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
De GAULLE
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
that they shifted to Long live
De Gaulle."
After the ceremony. one
group of young army officers
not paratroopers - started
chanting Long live Soustelle. y
Jacques SouStelle was the polit-
ical leader of the instruction,
the man who wants Algeria
integrated completely into
France-which is not Gen. de
Gaulle's policy. These cheers
were silenced suddenly, how
ever, when a major made a
violent motion with his hand
and shouted quiet"
This is only the first stop in
Algeria of the general. And he
has not yet had a chance to
tell the leaders of the uprising
in their own headquarters just
where they stand now. But the
law is about to be laid down.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
ALGIERS

Continued From First Page
forever French, and the French
colonists in control.
Gen. Salan headed the Off
cial welcoming committee on
the airport apron and shook
hands with Gen. de Gaulle
first. But right behind came
Jacques Soustelle, the National
Assembly Deputy and longtime
Gaullist who fed Paris to take
a leading role in the rebellion
in Algiers. Mr.. Soustelle joined
the Premier and Gen. Salan in
reviewing the honor guard of
paratroopers, sailors and in
fantrymen.
Also in the receiving line for
a handshake was Brig. Gen.
Jacques Massu, the tough para
troop commander who first
seized control IN Algiers after
the mob of colonists took over
the government headquarters
on May Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04

repercussions abroad. Premier
de Gaulle will be forced to
establish an economic auster-
ity program to get Frances
finances back in shape. This
probably will mean import re-
strictions and a blow to the
European common market.
One of Premier de Gaulle's
most difficult tasks, as seen
from Washington. will be
to keep Frances non-Commu-
mist left with him. The big
question is: Can he? If he is
eStranged from the non-Com-
munist left, it may be driven
into a popular front with the
Communists.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
Cement Ingredients

BUFFALO. - About 654
pounds of various raw ma
terials are needed to produce
one 376-pound barrel of Port
land cement.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
BY EARL II. VOSS
Star stan Writer

American officials see trouble
ahead for some Of the United
States key disarmament, NATO
and anti Communist policies
with the advent Of Gen. Charles
de- Gaulle to the French pre-
miership.
With France on the verge of
testing her own nuclear weap-
ons, Premier de Gaulle is not
likely to approve any Western
agreement to suspend nuclear
tests.
He is not likely to be content
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04

pean Economic Community.
The United States does not
expect to get out Of the middle
in North Africa simply be-
cause Gen. de Gaulle has come
to power. There is hope that
his theory of loose federation
Of France. Morocco. Tunisia
and Algeria can produce a
settlement satisfactory to the
Moslems.
But the Premier himself is
likely to share the French fear
that the United States wants
to push France out of North
Africa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
De GouIIe Poses Threat
To Policy, U. S. Fears

with exclusive American GUS
tody of the nuclear warheads
based in France for NATO
defense.
He is not likely to withhold
recognition of Red China or to
block a lifting Of controls on
strategic trade with the Soviet
bloc If he can make a deal with
the Russians. The Kremlin
might well be willing to give
him carte blanche in North
Africa, perhaps a promise that
no Soviet-bloc equipment would
reach the FIN National Liber-
alton Federation fighting for
Algerian independence Of
France.
Exchange Of Notes
A great exchange of notes
among top German, British and
American officials begins in
Washington today with the ar
rival of West German Presi-
dent Theodor Heuss and For
eign Minister Heinrich Won
Brentano. Next week British
Prime Minister Harold Mac
milan comes to town. All
three are sure to exchange
views with President Eisen-
hover and Secretary of State
Dulles.
Offlcials here are hopeful
that NATO can survive the
transfer Of French power to
Gen. de Gaulle for two reasons.
First. Frances basic interests
lie with the NATO community:
second, domestic problems like
Algeria, constitutional reform
and economic Solvency are
likely to occupy most of Pre-
mier de Gaulle's time.
But the proud French soldier
still harbors suspicious that
the United States is trying to
make a satellite out of France.
He is bound to make some
changes in Frances participa-
ton in NATO.
Shift in Emphasis
The 15-nation NATO council
which has recently become a
Notwithstanding co-ordi-
mating board for the Western
alliance is likely to become
more of a pro forma operation
for Gen. de Gaulle.
Emphasis is expected to
shift from multilateral, NATO-
wide approaches to problems
to bilateral negotiations.
According to information
here, however, Gen de Gaulle
has mellowed considerably on
French-German relations. He
is said to be impressed with
the progress toward a general
French German reapproach
ment and to feel it essential
to keep this trend moving.
With Britain, Gen. de Gaulle
is expected to try to establish
closer relations on a bilateral
basis, as contrasted to the
NATO basis.
Criticizes EuratOm
To strengthen the independ-
ent personality of France, how
ever, the new French Premier
probably will not be so easy
to work with on European
indignation. He has openly
criticized Euratom and prob
ably will have some searching
inquiries about the common
market and the general Euro
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
Moslem Fears

And when the United States
provides reassurances, Moroc-
co and Tunisia are likely to
suffer new attacks of the filters,
fearing America is abandon
ing" them.
Some Of the French do
nestle problems will also have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
C0rsican Greeted

The Premier also shook hands
with all ~ members of the in
surgent Public Safety Commit
tee for Algeria, and with Pascal
Alright, the National Assembly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-04
Socialist Methods

Basically a conservative
whom some accuse of Fascist
Evening star., 1958-09-28
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
A Diplomatic Paradox

Probably the most challenging
predicament any diplomat can en-
counter is having to appear firm
and flexible at one and the same
time.
Exactly that situation was before
Secretary Of State Dulles last week
as he strove to balance his "fight
II the attack is pressed" policy
toward Communist China's she'll
backed assertion Of sovereignty
over the offshore islands of Quemoy
and the Matsus with his and the
Presidents invitation to the Pei
ping regime to negotiate a peace
able solution to a most perilous
situation.
Essentially, there was no change
during the week in the situation
on the Formosa Strait. Communist
guns carefully placed on the MAIN
land continued to plaster Quemoy.
4 miles off the coast, with high
explosive shells. The Nationalists
with their American-supplied LISTS
persisted in their attempts to land
vital supplies on the island to sus-
tain the beleaguereed garrison.
The United States 7th Fleet
swept to and fro in international
waters, partolling the strait and
growing increasingly restive under
the restraints coming from Wash
ington and the prodding coming
from Chang Kai-shek's eager
government on Formosa.
Evening star., 1958-09-28

to the polls yesterday to vote
on whether they would permit
Negroes to attend all schools
in Little Rock, or whether the
Negroes must remain in segre-
gated schools.
And, if the sentiment was for
segregated schools, as it seemed
almost certain. Gov. Faubus was
planning to go ahead with his
private school plan. Representa-
tives of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People said, meanwhile. that the
Governor could expect to see
Negroes present for enrolment at
any segregated private school
opened by him.
Gov Faubus and the Segrega-
tionistS were heartened on Thurs
day by the refusal of a Federal
District Court judge in Arkansas
to interfere with the private
school plan.
Evening star., 1958-09-28
BY Benz PRICE
Associated Press Staf Writer

For nearly a year the United
States has lived with the knowl-
edge that it is only 80 minutes by
missile from Moscow to New York.
One year ago, on October 4,
Russia launched its 184-pound
Sputnik ! and ushered in the age
of space and the intercontinental
hallistic missile dCBM).
The initial reaction in the
United states comfortable, pros
porous and topyinced Of its tech
biological superiority-was stunned
disbelief.
This was followed swiftly by
alarm. concern. hysteria. panic.
If the vocal reaction of politicians,
scientists and military men is any
indication, the United States was
beset by q feeling Of chagrin and
even q touch of inferiority.
These emotions now seem to
have disappeared. Gone, too, is
the sense of anguish over the OBJ
vious possession Of an ICBM
which prompted Senator Lyndon
johnson, Democrat of Texas, to
cry, eve have entered a period Of
international blackmail. :. :"
There was talk Immediately
after Sputnik ! about complacency
in high places, about the lack Of
a sense of urgency.
The Army declared that If 1t
hadn't been for Pentagon politics
and penny pinching, it could have
put up a satellite way back in
1855.
Well, q year has now passed
Evening star., 1958-09-28

program designed to encourage
production of scientists, engineers,
mathematicians and linguists.
But If Sputnik had any real ef-
feet on public schools, it has been
slight. 1t is true that about so per
cent of the Nations $4,000 high
schools have taken, or are taking,
steps to toughen their curricula.
In most cases. however, these
changes were under way or under
study prior to Sputnik.
In raising the blackmail ques-
ton, Senator johnson clearly
feared the impact of Russian own
ership of a working ICBM on
United States foreign policy.
If the blackmail element had
any effect whatsoever on United
States foreign policy in the sense
of treading warily-and softly
in the cold war, it is not evident.
Twice since Sputnik the United
States has entered potential situa-
tions unhesitatingly-in Lebanon
and the Formosa Strait.
Despite some evidence to the
contrary and an unwillingness to
release any part of two secret re-
ports on United States defense
posture, the administration still
claims this Nation is superior
militarily to the USSR.
Meanwhile, the Russians have
put two more huge satellites into
orbit, one weighing 2.9l9 pounds.
The United States has boosted
four into space. the largest Of
which weighs 38 pounds.
United States scientists estimate
Evening star., 1958-09-28
THE NATIONAL SCENE
More Last-Ditch Fights

Norfolk was seeking a delay In
desegregation of one year, a plea
previously turned down by Fed
eral Judge Walter Hoffman. The
city also was challenging Judge
Hoffman's ban on using student
isolation and racial tension as a
criteria for denying Negroes en-
trance to the white schools.
The appeal was the first time
a court above the level of district
court had been asked to pass on
specific criteria used to decide
school tranfer applications from
Negroes. The Fourth Circuit Court
later will rule on similar criteria
used in Arlington and Charlotes-
vile.
In the Arlington case, Federal
District Judge Albert v. Bryan
approved four of 80 Negro appl-
cations which the school board
had rejected on the basis of sew
eral criteria it had set up.
In Charlottesville, Federal Dis
trict Judge John Paul ordered IL
of 33 Negro applicants admitted
to two white schools in the city.
which subsequently closed in face
of the order.
Evening star., 1958-09-28

The constitutions Of both
Arkansas and Virginia command
the State to maintain an eff
cient system of free schools" but
in the two States almost 1900
school children are barred from
13 schools that must remain
closed rather than desegregate.
Gov. Orval Fauhus has promised
the students in Little Rock whose
legal truancy he has enforced
that they will receive an educa-
ton this year, even If they must
receive it under some privately
operated" arrangement.
In Virginia, Gov. J. Lindsay
Almond. jr.. whom no one has
ever accused of being an un-
knowledgeable lawyer, has re-
jected the idea of State-supported
private" schools, and only yes
terday another last-ditch fight
against desegregation in Norfolk
and Warren County was lost in
the full Fourth Circuit Court OF
Appeals in Baltimore.
The Federal courts have also,
in effect, rejected the theory that
public schools might be operated
privately.
In the past, in deciding con-
troversies involving segregated
golf courses and swimming pools
that were owned by cities. the
courts have held that the test OF
whether any institution actually
is public is its support by tax
money. In the Girard College case,
the courts went even further, rul-
ing that if the privately-endowed
school was subject to any admin
istratlon on the part of the State
of Pennsylvania, it could not OPP
crate as a segregated institution.
But despite the Constitutions OF
both Arkansas and the United
States, and despite the multiple
rulings of every level of Federal
court, Little Rock citizens went
Evening star., 1958-09-28

test successfully a 5,000-mile
range ICBM over the full distance
although it has test fired two
ICBMs about 5000 miles. Russia
announced an operational ICBM
on August 81. 1857.
The United States armed
forces have $4,000 operational
aircraft of all types. The Rus
sian air force contains 10000. In
the Pentagon it is believed that
the Russians have more combat
planes. China's air strength is
unknown.
Ground Forces Improved
Soviet Russia has completely
re-equipped its ground forces
since World War II. China's army
is equipped chiefly with World
War II Russian weapons.
The United States Army and
Marine Corps is equipped with
weapons designed prior to World
War II, some dating hack before
World War I. The Army an
nounced early in September it
was placing orders for 10000 Of
its MIA rifles, 2-year-old de-
sign which can operate either as
a semiautomatic weapon or as a
machinegun.
Maj. Gen J. H. Hinrichs, Army
chief of ordnance, said in an
interview that to re-equip only
is United States divisions with
the latest weapons now developed
would take about three years even
on a crash basis.
This is the United States one
year after Sputnik.
Evening star., 1958-09-28
Air Power in Leash

Taipei claimed impressive VIC
tories in air clashes between Ma
! tionalist Sabrejets and Communist
MIG-l7S over the waters adja-
cent to Quemoy. But American air
power, restive and ready on the
big island of Formosa, remained
significantly out of the fray, and
the official news from Washington
insisted that Chiang's powerful
but greatly outnumbered Air Force
was being "leashed" against the
Taipei desire to bomb the Com
munist gun emplacements OPP
poSite Quemoy.
Mr.. Dulles reiterated the United
States position on Thursday in an
address to the Far Eastern Council
of Commerce and Industry in New
York. In the text and context OF
his remarks, some observers saw a
softening of his previously ada
mant position. But others believed
that the Secretary had not budged
an inch from the position he had
taken. very unoficially. at New
port two weeks ago.
The Secretary persisted in COM
pairing Quemoy to the key posi-
tions of the West threatened by
Communist expansion in previous
showdowns. Specifically. he COM
pared Quemoy. in its relationship
to Formosa, to Berlin in its rela-
tionship to Western Europe in
1948-9. Considering moral factors.
said Mr.. Dulles, the defense of the
offshore islands may not be
divisible" from the defense Of
Formosa itself.
1t was the may not" element in
the Dulles remarks that brought
the divergence of Interpretation
among the foreign affairs report
ers present at the speech. Along
with other cautious phrases in the
long address, the absence Of
abSolutism in the Dulles remarks
seemed to emphasize his condi-
tional willingness to substitute
negotiation for force. He said that
although the United States is not
prepared to retreat in the face Of
armed forces, our position is other
wise flexible we are prepared.
in accord with our United Nations
Charter obligation, to settle the
dispute by peaceful means in such
a manner that international peace
and security and justice are not
endangered"
The evidences that Mr.. Dulles
was trying hard to find a way out
of the FormoSa tangle without
either surrender or humiliation
were stronger as the week ended.
At the U. N. Friday, he conferred
at length with British Foreign Sec
retary Selwyn Lloyd and French
Foreign Minister Couve de Muir
vile. Mr.. Lloyd had previously
talked with Soviet Foreign Min
lister Andre Gromyko, and re-
Continued on Page Asa
Evening star., 1958-09-28
Court Declines to Act

Judge John E. Miller, who in
August, 1856, heard the initial suit
involving segregation at Little
Rocks Central High School, held
that his court had no jurisdiction
to decide the matter of leasing the
schools to a private corporation.
The NAACP had petitioned
Judge Miller to declare the plan
illegal, and its plea was Joined by
the Justice Department as friend
of the court" An NAACP attor-
ney said he would ask the Eighth
Circuit Court of Appeals in st.
Louis to overrule Judge Miller.
The Little Rock referendum on
segregation held yesterday could
amount, ultimately, only to a
straw vote" But few of the citi-
zens accepted this and neverthe-
less went to the polls amid an
atmosphere of racial tension that
ran higher than at any time since
Evening star., 1958-09-28

the Russians had to use a rocket
engine with a million pounds Of
thrust to put their ton and half
satellite in place. The United
States tested its first 100000
pound thrust engine August rs.
Whot We Said
There was one other major re-
action to Sputnik I. The Nation
went of on a talking spree. Diplo-
mats, scientists, educators, indus
trialists and military men talked
and talked and talked. Congress
provided the forum. Boiled down,
what they had to say amounted
to this:
/. Russia through system of
incentives and free education is
producing 10000 more scientists
and engineers a year than this
country.
2. Our missile program has been
severely hampered by lack Of
funds and by inter-service rival
rieS.
8. There has been no real lead
ership in either the Pentagon or
the White House.
Congress listened. It then.
passed the Pentagon reorganiza-
ton and aid to education bills.
Before it adjourned, Congress
set aside $4,337 100000 for mis-
sile procurement above and beyond
the $1,260,000,000 in emergency
funds appropriated last February.
In the previous fiscal year $2.3l3,-
100000 was allotted for missile
production.
Evening star., 1958-09-28
Appeal in Virginia

In Virginia, meanwhile, the
three-member Fourth Circuit
Court convened yesterday morn
ing in special session and denied
appeals from rulings ordering six
schools in Norfolk and the lone
high school in Warren County
to admit Negro applicants. (See
story by David Koonce on Page
A-3O.
The unanimous opinion refus-
ing any further delay in desegre-
CATION in both Norfolk and War
ren County may, of course, be ap-
pealed to the Supreme Court, but
yesterday there appeared to be
little likelihood that a stay would
be granted pending any such
appeal.
The Norfolk School Board met
yesterday after the decision and
assigned the II Negroes who
had previously won at the Dis
trict Court level to six junior and
senior high schools. This would
automatically close the schools
and leave some 10000 Norfolk
schoolchildren without any i'm
mediate education plans.
Norfolk, holding to the slim
hope that a delay would be
granted, had postponed until to-
morrow opening of the schools
involved in the controversy.
Warren County's lone high
school at Front Royal was closed
two weeks ago when ordered to
admit % Negro applicants i'm
mediately. Negro high school stu
dents in the county, who have no
school, had been committing to
schools in other counties 40 and
SO miles from Front Royal.