davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25
Butler Blasts
IndonesiuRuid

Senator Butler, Republican OF
Maryland, today asked Secre-
tary of State Dulles to lodge a
formal protest with the Indo-
nesian government for its use
of American-made planes to
bomb anti Communists in Gen.
trail Sumatra and North Celebes
over the week end.
II have no knowles of how
the pro-Communist government
of Indonesia came into posses.
sion of these fighting planes"
said Senator Butler. ct must
be assumed, however, that they
were given TO Indonesia or sold
as surplus. Under neither cir
cumStance was it contemplated
that they be used against the
anti CommuniSt and pro-Amer-
lean people of that country"
The Maryland Senator said
this reckless bombing shows the
necessity for extreme caution in
supplying weapons 20 small
states with large Communist
clements.
as in the case Of Inoonesia,
the time may come when these
weapons may be turned against
u.s." the Senator continued. 1T
is appropriate that this govern
ment make it Enthusiastically
clear to the government of In
doneSia that we cannot condone
the. use of American made
fighting planes against those
who are seeking only to drive
the Communists from control
Of their country.
Senator Butler said he hopes
the administration has not ear
marked any funds in the pend
ing foreign aid bills for the In
donesian government as now
Constituted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25

legal counsel at that time. he
was asked by Attorney General
Brownell to prepare the Presi-
dents proclamation calling fol
an end of the disorder last
SeptembeF and to prepare Legal
memorands on the President )
Tight 10 Use the military uudel
the circumstances.
Members Of the Civil Rights
Commission yesterday indicat-
ed they did not believe they
could take action in cases where
persons are deprived of equal
protection of the laws" by mobs
or individuals acting in q pri-
yate capacity.
Hy sno large. nev s9Issa
vita Sensior EaStIano, Demo-
ctAt o. miss i-5joQi, 6o6 ElVln,
Democrat OF North Carolina,
that a State must deny equal
protection before the commits
sion could function in this field.
Cites 14th Amendment
Basis of the discussion, at
a confirmation hearing for the
commission before the Judi
ciary Committee, was Fed
eral-State relationship. Sena-
tor Erwin cited the Fourteenth
Amendment as specifying that
States" must not deny equal
protection of the laws and he
followed by questioning each
member as to his views on the
subject.
DR.. John A. Hannah, presi-
dent of Michigan State Uni
versity and chairman Of the
commission, said he inter-
preted the commissions power
to study information concern
ing legal developments consti-
tuting denial Of equal protec-
ton as being largely a re-
search responsibility"
1T wouldn't give you author
ity to investigate Little Rock?"
Chairman Eastland asked.
THAT is my feeling" Dr..
Hannah nodded.
Another commission mem
Der. John s. Battle, former
Governor of Virginia, stating
he had strong Southern
views" declared he did not
believe the commission would
have jurisdiction in cases of
individuals denying other pei
sons equal protection OF the
laws.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25

ICIA estimates. more than 81 6
billion has been pumped into
China in military credits and
military hardware.
In addition, CHA estimates
the Soviet Union has given Red
China rs much as $500 million
outright.
Soviet non-military aid TO
o ther Communist-dominated
countries has totaled S3.T bill
ION in loans and grants. sc
lcording to Mr.. Dulles.
OF this Poland got more than
$500 million, East Germany
$3.50 million. Communist China
$3.50 million.
North Korea has received
more non-military aid from the
Soviet bloc. on . per capita
basis, than the United States
has provided in economic as
sistance to South Korea, the
CHA director. reported.
Since the armistice. ne said,
North Korea has received $586
million in aid. not including
military materiel. from the
Soviet bloc. This works out
at $73 per North Korean which,
on a per capita basis. exceeds
United States economic as
siStance to South Korea" Mr..
Dulles said.
Sees Scale Continuing
The CHA director said his
agency believes the /Soviets
can and win continue their
programs in free world coun-
tries at a scale at least as
great ss we now witness"
He pointed out that more
than 95 per cent of the 50 bill
lion in Sino-Soviet block eco
nomic and military aid to other
countries has been concen-
trated on six strategic coun-
tries: Afghanistan. Egypt,
Syria. India, Indonesia and
Yugoslavia.
The Soviet programs in
these countries over the last
two and a half years have been
more than double those of the
free world" Mr.. Dulles OBJ
served.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25
PROBE
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
vened this morning, it had
before it no better suggestion
for an agenda than a facetious
solution" offered by Senator
Erwin, Democrat of North Car
DINA. According to Chairman
Mcclellan, Senator Erwin Sug-
gested at yesterdays closed
door session that names of wit
neSses be drawn out of a hat
and testimony be taken in that
order.
No vote was taken on Sena-
tor Ervin's suggestion, nor will
one be taken, but it is virtu-
ally the only plan that has not
been put formally before the
group in six hours of secret
sessions since Friday morning.
With the only apparent una
uilnity Oh the committees part,
a willingness to disagree, the
Washington representative of
another union, added a dis
cordant note in a letter to Sem
ator Mcclellan. Russ Nixon,
who runs the local Office of the
United Electrical, Radio, and
Machine Workers Of America.
CUE), charged IN his let's thai
AG1ociste COMMITTEE Counsel
loan j. AIcGovern hsd ssAed
MIN TO act as a stool pigeon 70.
the committee.
Committee Attacked
The UE, which was expelled
from the CLIO in 1919 on
charges Of Red domination
will have no part Of" what
Mr.. Nixon called mccarthy
type witch-hunt committees
Qike) your anti-lahor unicn in
vestigating committee" the
union representative said.
Mr.. Nixon, who took both the
First and Fifth Amendments
before the House Un-American
Activities Committee in testi-
mony, June 9, 1853, pulled out
all stops in denouncing Mr..
McGovern, his tactics, the COM
mittees, and all its works.
He charged that Mr.. Nc
Govern ON February l3. had
summoned him To room $50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25

in the Senate ONCE Building
where yesterdays secret meet
ing was held god had tried
10 elicit from him information
regarding tns JAW which
coulc be Used in the commit
tees current investigation"
Senator Mcclellan, asked
about the letter at the conclu-
sion of yesterdays meeting. said
he had not seen it. Shown a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25
Teachers Raises
Urged by Group

The Board of Managers OF
the District Congress of Par
ents and Teachers today in
dorsed an increase in teachers
salaries.
The board passed the follow
ing resolution:
.. The Board of Mana
gers Endorses an increase In
teachers salaries and the adop-
ton of a pay scale under which
the public schools in the Ma
tons Capital will assume a
position of leadership"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25

assistant attorney general in
charge of the Civil Rights Divi-
sion.
Asked by Senator Johnston,
Democrat of South Carolina,
what he thought would have
happened in Little RocA il
troops had not been sent. MI
White answered:
"We'd have the spectacle Of a
breakdown Of law in this coun-
try"
Hints Outside Influence
Senator Johnston asked il
the disorder did not occur be-
cause "the people did not want
in5esra Jior."
y Norder = Il was ire Coo
re O. J. SINE trou ei7e-
Nos1e." M. '..nlLs re-ponaeo.
To oti-er questions lie said
he had no knowledge OF who
advised the President to use
the troops.
He said that as head of the
Justice Departments Office of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-25
Civil Rights Appointee
Gives Little Rock Views
BY HOWARD l.. DUTKIN
star stan Writer

W. Wilson White. head of the Justice Departments Civil
Rights Division today implied he thought the mob action at
Little Rock inspired by outside the mob itself
Mr.. White undergoing questioning at confirmation
before members of the Judiciary Committee
connection with his appointment President Eisenhower
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29

The sixth American fighting ship to
carry the name Enterprise has gone to
her last berth. The big E." fiercest of
our World War II aircraft carriers, has
made final quiet voyage from the New
York Naval Shipyard to New Jersey
demolition center where she will be cut
up for scrap steel. For the stripped down
hulk itself it is at least an undramatic
ending, but the combat record of this
fighter with many colorful nicknameS
will never lose it's luStre The "Old Lady,
fought in just about every major engage
ment in the Pacific, won twenty battle
stars and presidential unit citation.
Her score of verified "killS" included II
enemy ships and Gil enemy planes
plus hundreds more damaged Tokyo
officially listed her as sunk on seven oc-
casionS, but she was still roaring around
the Pacific when VI day came.
And just as the Big E was far cry
from the first U.S.S. Enterprises 1776
Sloop-So has she been outdated by her
successor nameSake. For another Enter
prise, the worlds first atomic powered
aircraft carrier, is growing from the keel
up at Newport News today. The new E
will be the worlds biggest warship, too,
but it must be hoped by all men that
she will never be called upon for the
deeds of valor and destruction that
will be forever recorded in the name of
Enterprise VI.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
One Good Year

When the Federation of Malaga
became an independent nation within
the British Commonwealth one year
ago 1t was in an atmosphere of political
and economic uncertainty. Almost all
the gravest woes of Asia were Joined in
the peninsula. A mixed population, less
than half of it native Malayan, was sub
ject to mixed loyalitieS. Included were
large minority of Chinese-themSelve
divided between Nationalist and Com
muniSt sympathieS - and numerous
smaller blocS. Communism itself had
been particularly virulent and marked
by nearly decade of bloody aggression.
There was leadership, however, in
the Malayan nationalist movement that
recognized that communism was no
acceptable substitute for colonialism. 1t
devised unique, form of government,
with an elected monarch" and bicam-
eral legislature, established its popular
support by vote, and negotiated its in
dependence-but with strong ties re-
tanned to Britain.
All of Malaya'S troubles have not
vanished in the year since, but its rela-
tive stability politically and economi-
cally today is in favorable contrast to
conditions in many of its Southeast
Asian neighbors. 1t has been a year of
encouraging progress for the young
democracy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
The Only Cure

The limited training program which
Capitol Police Chief Pearce plans for his
criticized force is a step in the right di-
rection. A much more drastic step is
necessary, however, to assure the Capitol
of the kind of police protection which
1t ought to have.
There are serious obstacles to an
adequate training program for Chief
Pearce'S men. One of the main diff
cultieS is that the members are picked
under a patronage system which gives
more weight to political considerations
than to competence for police work.
Few of the appointeeS selected by men,
berS of the two houses have had pre-
viouS police experience. And few seem
to have any intention of making police
work a career. The members come and
go, some of them staying only two or
three months. Training courses would
be wasted on such tranSientS
Nevertheless, as a result of the re-
cent fatal shooting of a l6-year-old boy
by Capitol policeman who, although on
the force 2l2 years, had not received
any actual training in police work, Chief
Pearce has decided to organize a one
week training course Obviously only a
general outline of the responsibilities of
a policeman can be given in such short
time. Yet some good may come from
the program.
The only cure, however, for what
ailS the Capitol Police force is COM
plete reorganization of the sort which
Chief Pearce expected Congress to make
when he accepted the offer of the post
of chief several years ago. Chief Pearce,
one-time inspector of the Metropolitan
Police Department, had been promised
that the force would be put on merit
basis, completely divorced from politics.
Congress has failed to carry out its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
Good Local Leadership

We commend Arlington County
Board Chairman Ralph R. Raul for his
frank, yet restrained, statement of in
tent by the County Board and School
Board to exhaust every legal means to
bring about the reopening of the county
schools should they be cloSed-or fail to
open-under Virginia's law. His state
ment exemplif1es sound leadership, just
as the preparations to deal with possible
disorder-while expecting none-reflect
credit on Arlington'S county govern
ment Mr.. Raul was also right, we think,
when he expressed this opinion: II can
not believe now that the public schools
in communities such as ours can for
long be kept closed against the wishes
of the majority of citizens in the
communities"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

to the hazard of all walkers
thereon.
Nothing ought to be in the
way of doors, windows and
steps, Templeton Jones says.
Walkways, in other words,
should be kept free.
Our friend believes that
the American people, as a
group, have gone about for
comfort, and in doing so
have run the risk of losing
their perspective.
1t is this, he feels, that.
makes the Europeans call us
soft" rather than any pos
sible lack Of musculature.
We are tough enough,
when it comes to muscles,
but are rapidly losing our
balance when it comes to
thermodynamics.
\ Il y
Out in the bright sun,
when it shines. Temp Jones
manages to forget air condi-
tioning, except the natural
sort delivered by wind.
Wind conditioning falls
down, of course, when there
Is no breeze.
The trouble with depend
ing upon this force in sum-
mer, according to Jones, is
that at the very time you
need 1t most, there is none.
In winter, when you wish
it would not blow at all, a
big wind whooshes along the
street and blows your hat of,
This is a part of the we'll
known perversity of nature
touched upon by all writer's
who have ever attempted the
subject.
The one thing you can be
sure about the weather is
that it is never the way you
wish it would be. Perhaps
the Weather Bureau knows
this better than most, unless
1t be Temp Jones in his gar.
den chair.
All he asks is 80 minutes
of sunshine at a time, and he
seldom gets it. Maybe that
is the reason there are
beaches.
In his suburban retreat,
he usually finds that a cloud
obscures the sun about 10
minutes after he is seated.
From then on, it is a sort
of game between sun and
clouds, to see who wins.
Temp Jones knows who
loses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
American Chestnut Is Growing Again
By THOMAS R. HENRY

ming TO take on essentially
their present forms. The
skulls were obtained by DR..
c. L. Gain, Smithsonian
curator Of vertebrate paleon-
tology. from a fossil bed in
Nebraska. which also yielded
fossilized bones Of ancient
horses.
These deposits are dated
geologically from the Oligo-
Gene period. The clearly
distinct dog family appears
in the next geological period,
the Miocene, about rs million
years ago, At that time there
were several genera of dog
like animals-some gigantic
carnivores as big as modern
grizzly bears. whose remains
sometimes have been mis-
taken for those of primitive
bears. All are long since ex-
tinct, but from one of the
smaller forms emerged the
major groups of extant ca
nines-the domestic dogs,
coyotes, wolves, the dholes or
wild dogs of southeast Asia,
foxes, fennecs, etc.
Evolution Well Defined
These various modern types
differ quite markedly, but all
are included in the dog
family. The evolution of this
family is fairly well defined
and the common ancestor in
the Oligocene, it generally is
agreed, was an animal some
what like Daphoenus, but
much smaller.
The general appearance Of
Daphoenus, DR.. Gain says,
was that of q dog but it re.
tanned some cat-like features.
1t had a moderately long
skull, a short face and a
short muzzle which narrowed
abruptly in front of the eyes.
All the brain areas, as recon-
structed from the skulls, were
relatively smaller than those
of extant dogs. This was true
especially of the frontal
lobes, presumably the seat
of animal intelligence. The
smallneSS of these frontal
lobes probably accounts for
the narrowing of the skull.
The first real dog, paleon-
tologists now generally agree,
was Pseudocynodictis, which
also appeared in the Oligo-
Gene period and appears
to have diverged entirely
from the cat line. From the
first, DR.. Gain says, the
animals of the dog line ap-
pear to have been voracious
flesh eaters. Very early, how
ever, they became compan-
ions and partners of men and
remains of dogs, probably
kept as pets, appear with
some of the earliest human
remains.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
He Said Too Much

A reporter asked Mr.. Eisenhower at
his news conference this week whether
he really had said privately that he
thought "integration should proceed
much more slowly" With respect to
this, Mr.. Eisenhower answered:
1t might have been that said some
thing about slower" but do believe
that we should-because do say as
did yesterday or last week, we have got
to have reason and sense and education.
and lot of other developments that go
hand in hand as this process--if this
process is going to have any real accept
ance in the United States.
There is no doubt that this is the
language the President used. There is
considerable doubt, however, as to ex-
actly what he meant. For our part, we
do not believe he intended to say in any
specific sense that the current pace of
Indignation should be slowed down.
After all, he had just read his own
Department of Justices brief urging
the Supreme Court to order that inte-
grafton proceed Immediately in Little
Rock. Still, most of the newspapers in
terpreted the statement to mean that
the President was calling for showdown
in the speed of indignation. Counsel for
the Little Rock School Board apparently
put this Interpretation on it, and the
result, on the whole, was massive
contribution to confusion.
The point is, we think, that the
President should not express or appear
to express personal opinions on the
merits Of the Supreme Court decision
or the speed with which it is being car
ried into effect. His responsibility is
to obtain compliance with final court
orders under the decision. And he will
only make this job more difficult if
people think he is expressing personal
opinions pro or con. The best evidence
of this is the reaction of some of those
who are strong advocates of the school
ruling A few days ago they we're urging
the President to say whether he approves
the ruling, evidently believing that he
did. Now that they think he has called
for showdown, they are telling him
that he should have kept quiet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29
Should the Court Bow?

The Supreme Court, wisely, we be-
lieve, has refused to hand down a snap
Judgment on the crucially important
school desegregation case which has
come up from Little Rock.
Acting on the understanding that
Little Rocks Central High School will
not open until September Is, the court
gave the attorneys for the school board
until September 8 to file petition for a
review of the case on its merits and an
nounced that it will hear arguments on
the petition on September IL. Presum-
ably decision will be handed down be-
fore the 18th.
This is the orderly procedure, and
the country will have more respect for
the courts eventual ruling because it
has not acted in unSeemly haste From
Little Rock, there has come suggestion
that Governor Faubus may attempt to
take petty advantage of this situation.
He may not sign the bill which fixes
September is as the opening date for
the school. This would put the school
board in difficult position, since it then
would be legally possible to open the
school on segregated basis prior to the
18th. If this situation comes about, we
hope the school board, despite pressure,
will stick to the opening date upon
which the court based its decision to
defer its ruling. In this matter there is
no place for little tricks or little trick
sterS.
At stake here is desegregation
question of high importance What is
this question? In the view of some it
is whether the Supreme Court should
bow to the threat of violence by uphold
ing Judge Lemley's grant of 21a-year
delay in Little Rock.
For our part, we do not believe this
is the real question. The proper func-
ton of the Supreme Court is to decide
any given case on the merits of that
case. In Little Rock, the central ques-
ton, keeping in mind the welfare of
both white and colored children, is
whether delay, sought in good faith,
will or will not operate on balance to
effectuate the order for Indignation at
Central High. If it will, if there is a
reasonable prospect that the time would
be used to good advantage, common
sense, we believe, argues for delay. If
there is no such prospect, there is no
justification for delay.
If this is a correct statement of the
issue, it should be decided without re-
gard to extraneouS considerations OF
course the court should not bow to
threat of mob violence. But neither
should the court permit a fear of ap-
peGring to bow to mob violence influence
its ruling or divert it from the main
issue. In sense, each of these pros
poets brings pressure to bear But the
Supreme Court of the United States, in
deciding case, should ignore such
preSSures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-29

Temp Jones sat out in the
yard that afternoon and
watched-and felt-the cold
front appear and disappear.
The sun shone, with clouds
covering it now and then, and
the winds blew, now and then.
All in all, it was a bit cooler
than it had been, and Jones
rejoiced in his sunbath.
His rejoicing was prema-
ture,
After the clouds rolled
away, and the sun shone
brightly, the breeze stopped.
and it was just as hot as ever,
almost.
Maybe the thermometer
registered two degrees lower,
but that was all.
y 4 80
The next morning, the tenn
perature was 70 degrees, in
stead of the "a degrees it
had been the morning before.
What was the big gain in
that?
1t takes more than two de-
grees to make our old friend
feel cooler.
Yet he has a certain hesita-
ton about air conditioning.
While the rest of America
goes in for window coolers
and the like, Jones holds
back.
He wonders what is going to
happen to a country whose
members can't stand a little
heat?
If you try to reason with
Mr.. Jones, it does no good.
He still says he doesn't like
air conditioning.
He says George Washing
ton had nothing in his win
dow, not even a screen.
The flies, at dinner, were
famed away with a big
peacock fan.
Our friend Jones says he be-
lieves it is more the necessity
of putting the cooler in the
window than anything else
that keeps him away from
air conditioning.
Blocking of windows and
doorways is something he is
very much against.
In many homes, chairs
and even tables are in front
of windows, and in others
there is always something at
the foot of the stairs.
In some extreme instances,
books and magazines are
found piled on the stairsteps,