davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
By ARNALDO OTERO
star stan Writer

Brazil. potentially one Of the
richest countries in the world, is
facing recession problems similar
to those troubling the United
States, with two additional back
breaking financial complications.
And it all boils down to coffee.
1t is said that every time coffee
drops one cent per pound. Brazil
loses some $40 million. The price
Of mild coffee fell almost 20 cents
a pound between January and Oc-
tober last year. Sales were being
made at less than so cents a
pound, which was below the sup
port price guaranteed by the
Brazilian government.
During the first three months
of this year, Brazilian coffee ex-
ports have been reported way
below average"
At home. meanwhile. wages.
prices and costs continue to 60
up. And abroad. Brazilian gov
eminent officials and United States
coffee buyers are wasing a quiet
battle. with the State Department
In the middle as a cautious arbiter.
State Department officials feel
that Brazil. now seeking large
loans from Washington, will
plunge into a financial abyss UNI
less 1t can reverse the steady de-
cline in coffee exports.
On Spot Report
The intensity of the problem is
underscored by conditions re-
ported in a recent Rio de Jsneiro
dispatch from Associated Press
Reporter Julius Golden. He said:
Signs of unrest are increasing.
:. The peoples temper seems on
edge. Six months ago the cafe
talk was all about soccer. Now
It's about politics and econom-
les.
There has also been violence.
Sac Paulo commuters rioted be-
cause Of poor train service. The
Sac Paulo police described the
spectacle as a purely spontaneous
explosion Of resentment.
Tn Rios fashionable Copaca-
bana section. so persons rippet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

years ago to run unSucceSsfully
for CongreSS-took up the issue
and presently are polling some
l,400 teachers, PTA members and
others connected with education,
seeking their views.
The battle is a new one to
Maryland, but it is being fought
in State after State with varying
results.
. Oregon recently ruled a teacher
elected to the Legislature must
resign.
o A group in California is seeking
to amend the State Constitution
to permit teachers to serve on
public bodies.
. Only this year, the Kentucky
Legislature unanimously defeated
a bill that would have prohibited
teachers from becoming candi-
dates for the General Assembly.
j. M. Dodson, executive secretary
Of the Kentucky Education Asso-
citation. commented: "Of course.
we went all out to defeat this
measure. It just happened that
we had 10 Representatives in the
House who are members Of the
teaching profession and they
worked like Trojans to develop
sentiment against the hill +"
Nilsson c. Raver, executive Sec
rotary Of the Maryland Teacher
Association, doesn't believe there
will be any showdown In the
Maryland Legislature in the near
future. And apparently the
teacher organization wouldn't take
the same stand as in Kentucky IL
there Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
BY CHARLES PUFFENBARGER

By CHARLES PUFFENBARGER
Star Stan Writer
The ruling that Maryland public
school teachers can't keep their
teaching jobs II elected to the
Legislature has the makings Of a
flrst-class political squabble.
It is already hot issue and it
apparently will get hotter as
teachers become more and more
active in politics under encourage
ment Of their national and State
organizations.
The case in point is that of J. F.
Carlton. a vocational agriculture
teacher at Anne Arundel County's
Southern High School at Lothian
with eight years experience. Ac-
tive in Republican circles for sew
eral years, he yielded to requests
Of county Republicans and decided
to become a candidate for the
House Of Delegates this year.
Asked for a ruling on the move,
State School Supt. Thomas G.
Pullen consulted with Attorney
General c. Ferdinand Sybert and
set out this policy:
Since the State helps pay
teacher salaries. Mr.. Carlton is a
State employe and is forbidden by
the Constitution from serving IN
the Legislature. He must resign
as teacher If elected, Dr. Pullen
said.
Poll Being Token
Members Of the Republican
ticket In Anne Arupdel--led by
State sAnate candidate William
B. Prendergast, who resigned as
o Naval Academy professor two
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Senate

S 1888. Welfare and pension
funds disclosure bill. Knowland,
Republican Of California. amend
nent to require unions to elect
oficers by secret ballot every four
years. Rejected 1888.
FOR: Butler. Republican OF Maryland.
AGAINST: Robertson, Democrat Of Viz
sinia; Beall, Republican Of Maryland.
MOT VOTING: Byrd. Democrat Of Viz
ginia.
S 1888. Knowland amendment
to limit to one year any trustee
ship Of an international union
over its local union afflliates. Re-
Jected $3.50.
FOR: Butler.
AGAINST: Robertson. Besu.
NOT VOTING: BYRD.
s 1888. Knowland amendment
to prohibit use Of a middleman
In deals involving an employer
and a union official at the ex-
pense Of union members. Rejected
$3.50.
FOR; Butler.
AGAINST: Robertson BesIl
NOT VOTING: Byrd
8 1888. Knowland amendment
to allow to be made public IN
formation filed with the Secretary
OF Labor. Rejected 1858.
FOR: Butler
AGAINsTi Beall; announced against. Rob-
ertSon.
NOT VOTING: Byrd.
S 1888. Knowland amendment
prohibiting discrimination by
unions in accepting members.
Rejected 1923.
FOR: Butler
AGAINST Beal and Robertson
NOT VOTING: Byrd
(By Congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

without which these people can
not work effectively,
without mastery Of the subject
and understanding OF the people,
there Is little an administrator can
contribute 70 Improvement OF the
mental work done In his organ
ization. Worse. he often becomes
more OF a hindrance than a help.
Not infrequently. all he does Is
interfere with the professional
stan and reduce real productivity
by constantly bothering them with
trivia. Nobody can waste as much
time as a super -efiicient admins
traitor trying TO run q group Of
"eegheads."
I fear that we have gone far
towards lowering the output OF
our brainworkers by overorganiz-
ing them. We are drowning In
paperwork. We are talking our
selves into q standstill in endless
committees-those pets Of the
administrator. We are losing the
genius we once had for improvisa-
ton. Nowadays nothing can be
done without elaborate prepara-
ton. organization and careful
rehearsal. We have been diluting
responsibility for making decisions
by piling layers Of supervisory
administrative levels, pyramid
fashion. on top Of the people who
do the real work.
All Of this has resulted in
dangerous frightening Of lead
time" BY lead time / mean. Of
course. the time which elapses
between conception Of g new idea
and the moment when the idea
has been transformed into a useful
new object rolling Of the produc-
ton lines.
$3.50
Dewey claimed that "the pri-
mary business Of the school is to
train children in cooperative and
mutually helpful living" ! submit
that this is an erroneous con-
ception of education in a dynamic.
competitive society. II may be
appropriate in static cultures
which value the status quo above
all else, since 1t does indeed de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

a trading center for northern
Alabama's extensive cotton crop,
a railroad shop center, and not
much else. Like so many other
Southern towns, after the Civil
War 1t sank into a sleepy, genteel
poverty. The cotton never re-
gained its ante-bellum prosperity.
Most Of the cotton factors shut
tered their Offices and took the
cars. TO New Orleans or Atlanta,
to Chattanooga and Nashville.
Industry Died
In time, small textile mills To-
Gated in Huntsville TO tap the
areas cotton and cheap labor.
They operated sporadically until
the depression. then shut down
permanently. Huntsville settled
back into the dust again. its only
remaining industry the growing
and packing Of watercress.
But a revolution began for
Huntsville early In World War II.
when the Army's Chemical War
fare Service chose it as the site
for a chemical arsenal. BY the
end Of the war. some $1,000 peo-
pie were employed at two sites
Huntsville Arsenal and Redstone
misunderstanding deadly gases
and gas shells destined never to
be used in that war. Huntsville's
merchants were prosperous, but
what would happen when the war
was over?
In l945 the arsenals closed
down. and $4,000 people lost their
jobs. Huntsville again resigned
itself TO days whose quiet was
broken only by the whistle Of an
occasional train (the major rail-
road shops had long since de-
parted. But Huntsville this time
was wrong. There was something
new in weaponry. and even as the
little town sank into postwar dol
drums, the Pentagon was locking
about for q likely place to put
some 100 German scientists to
work on the development Of mis-
siles and rockets.
The Army had a lot Of real
estate available in 1850. much of
it developed with utilities and
permanent buildings during World
War II. Huntsville was chosen
because ID it was convenient yet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE

mist Party heard Marshal Josip
Broz Tito condemn interference"
from "other countries In the So
cialist camp" Marshal Tito re-
iterated his determination to keep
Yugoslavia aloof from military
alienments. either East or West,
and to pursue an independent pol
Icy domestically.
All the Communist parties of
the Soviet bloc have boycotted the
YugoSlav sessions, to which they
had been invited. AS observers,
however, each Communist ma
tons ambassadors attended the
conference. But they stalked out
Of the meeting hall in protest
when Alexander Rankovic, Vice
President of Yugoslavia and a top
Communist theoretician, lashed
Moscow's interference" in scath-
ing words.
The Kremlin. said Mr.. Ranko-
vic, was sharpening the old rusty
weapons Of StaliniSm" in criti-
cism of Yugoslavia's insistence on
developing independent institu-
tions. Only the Polish ambassa-
dor remained in the hall after
the denunciation. n "a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Rickover. There Is Little Hope
For a Society of Happy Ants

Rear Admiral n. @. Riekouer.
iDhose first claim 10 fame Is the
atomic submarine. Is fast estdb-
ltshtno htmselt as an drttculdte
and outspokeH commentator on
the American scene. THO OF his
pet subjects are the stultitvtno
eject OF oper-orOdnizdtton and
the deficiencies OF our educd-
tiondl system. Here are some
provocative comments on both,
ercerpted from recent speech.
In any stable organization
there must be some people who
merely maintain the proper en-
vironment In which productive
work can proceed smoothly. They
tend the physical plant and ham
die personnel matters-their tall
ents are In housekeeping and
administration. and their func-
ton is. or ought TO be, entirely
subordinate TO that Of the pro-
ductive workers whose labors alone
justify existence Of the organi-
xation.
Whoever has had anything 10
do with organizations will have
observed the tendency of the ad-
ministrator to gain control over
the whole corporate body. Yet 1t
can be stated fatty that the sue
cess Of any organization can be
measured quite accurately by the
relative position Of the adj
ministrators and the productive
workers.
The successful organizations get
along with a minimum Of house.
keeping staff and keep them con-
fined to their proper place: those
whose real work is declining
almost always have swollen adj
ministrative staffS., Nothing worse
can happen to an organization
than uSurpation Of command by
administrators.
This is because a natural desire
to enhance their own Importance
leads most administrators Subcon-
sciously to look upon the organi-
Sation as an end in itself rather
than a mere legal and admins
trative convenience. They are
therefore natural boosters for size;
they are inclined to foster expan-
sion for its own sake-sometimes
In inverse ratio to the amount of
real work done; occasionally after
production has all but ceased.
Any capable administrator can
learn enough about the technique
Of routine production to organize
It efficiently and to provide
proper environment for the work.
er. These are matters for which
he has been trained. But few
administrators possess the capacity
to master the special fields in
which creative brainworkers are
expert, nor can they, as a rule,
understand the mental processes
Of professional people and the
atmosphere of intellectual freedom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

apart a bakery they suspected Of
grinding old dirty bread and SELL
ing it as meal. Scores of mothers
in Rio have gone on hunger
strikes because of lack of school
facilities for their children.
Above all. there is constant
grumbling-growing louder every
day-against uncontrolled infia-
ton. Prices in the first two
months Of this year alone rose by
5 per cent. and 1t is estimated
they went UP 4 per cent more in
March,"
The drop in Brazil's coffee ex-
ports seems due in part TO a
tendency Of the buyers in this
country to cut purchases and re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

relatively isolated. (2 1t was on
a major railroad. possessed an air
field. was near the Tennessee
River for barge traffic, 90 en-
joyed access to the copious electric
power OF iva. 90 was capable of
immense expansion. A fifth rea-
son perhaps was United States
Senator John Sparkman of Ala
bama. born near Huntsville and
still a resident.
When the Germans, headed by
DR.. Wernher Won Braun, one Of
the chief designers Of the German
V-2 rocket of World War Ms final
stages, came TO Huntsville there
was little to work with, save the
wall-less concrete loading struc-
lures left by the Chemical War
fare Service and a few admins
trative buildings. But things
moved fast. Military and civilian
personnel serving in what became
the Army Ballistics Missile Agency
1locked to Huntsville. Tourist
courts and the single modern
hotel we're damned. Buildings
and test sites began going up On
the arsenal's 10000 acres.
'Spoce Copitol'
Today. Huntsville is "the Space
Capital Of the U.SA.." according to
its joyful Chamber of Commerce.
Old Gen. Ormsby NJ. Mitchell of
1862 would recognize landmarks
around the railroad depot. few
buildings and streets. But if he
were to capture Huntsville today.
his telegram to his command
would have to read Enthusiastically
different than that Of April IL.
1852.
II would report an arsenal so
vast that thousands of head of
privately owned cattle Craze its
open acres under the eyes Of cow
boys who carry security clearances
in their vest pockets. 1t would re-
port q city with a population of
over $1,000. growing daily (there
were 10000 there in 1950); an
arsenal payroll alone of over $85
million a year: five new schools
with five more set for construc-
ton; almost 1000 new homes
every year and still q housing
shortage; a 81 million water sys-
tenn already inadequate; seven or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
by FRED THEROUx
star stan Writer

HUNTSVILLE, Ala.-On the ris-
ing slopes a cemetery, magnolia
shaded. heavy with stone. On the
streets around II. a few impress
sive homes, some columned and
gracious under Towering mimosa
and fronded willow. on the valley
floor. the old courthouse and It's
square lined with small shops. On
the corner. q bank, In It's basement.
wall, a door leading 10 a detention
room for slave collateral. Behind
the courthouse. q row OF brick,
three-storied buildings with iron
balconies-the Offices Of the cot
ton factors.
A few dusty streets away. the
railroad station and the Memphis
and Charleston shops, the freight
station and the locomotives and
rolling stock Of a major railroad
section point. on behind the rail
and the stacks OF cordwood for
the balloon-funneled locomotives,
the shacks Of the Negroes on mar
row, rutted streets.
Two miles out from town, along
the tracks running north 10 Chat
tanooga. a shouting. shooting de-
tachment Of blue-clad cavalry.
sweating as they chased snort
ing locomotive and seven cars.
That train got away into the
northward hills, but q second was
stopped by q well-placed shell
from a rified PARROT.
April ". 1867.
Capt. J. .. Fry.
Assistont Adiutaat General,
Army Of the Ohio
Sir:
Ny sdvonesd suerd entered
Huntsville this morning Of 6 o'clock.
The city vos token completely BY
surprise We hove captured obovt
200 prisoners, IS locomotives, o lorss
omount Of passenger. Dor. and plot
form eors, the tslssrophie oppoFotus
end offices. end two Southern moils.
We hsvs OF length succeeded in cut
ting the greet artery Of roilvsy inter
communication between the Southern
SteteG
Respectfully,
o. w. Mitchell,
Brisodier General. commanding.
That was Huntsville. Alabama.
90 years ago this month. It was
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
MARYLAND REPORT
eochers-in- Politics Issue Is Hot

But this will be an increasing
problem" Mr.. Raver said. I'VE
have an Institute on Public Affairs
which encourages teachers to take
an active role in politics. AS they
do, more and more will want TO
become candidates. The National
Education Association also is pro-
noting such activity under the
slogan: Politics Is Our Business"
Problem for Association =
Despite this, Mr.. Raver said he
can't see how the State association
can back proposals to let teachers
serve in such lawmaking positions
as State Delegates or county COM
missioners.
For one thing, they're being
paid with public monies. Such
activities also would take them
away from their teaching duties
at the expense Of the student, and
our prime concern is to provide
better teaching" he said. Some
teachers have held positions of
mayor Of small municipalities and
other local posts, he said, but
that's different"
Mr.. Prendergast said IF the
lawyer or the automobile dealer
or the slot machine repairman can
be a legislator, why not the
teacher?" He said the issue raises
a question of public policy which
should be fully aired.
If 1t is, the skirmish could be
as heated as the clashes between
the teachers and Gov. McKeldin
over pay raises. In those, by the
way, the teachers won.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
YugosIovio:
Sharp Words.

Yugoslavia'S relations with the
Soviet Union last week were al
most as chilly as they had been
In the days of Josef Stain. Meet
ing at the Slovenian capital Of
Ljubljana, the Yugoslav Commu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

duce their reserves to minimum
in the hope of bringing about
further price decreases. But a
Brazilian spokesman insists that
his government will continue its
policy OF buying the coffee rather
than throwing 1t into an unfavor-
able market.
Political Problems
To complicate things. there is
a cold war aspect TO Brazil's prob
lens that is getting serious diplo-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Germany:
Trade Deal

Soviet diplomacy, working hard
to exploit any cracks in NATO's
armor, was busy with the German
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
NEARBY VOTES

Votes Of the nearby Maryland
and Virginia legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

". N. Mtcheus
Brisodier General. commanding.
That was Huntsville. Alabama,
90 years ago this month. It was
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
OvERBROOK
mrs. Howard Millnlan
Phone Lewes Sscsx

Services at Whites for Sunday,
December 7.
Sunday School begins at 9.45
a. m, Howard West, Supt.
Morning Worship Service be-
gins at 10:45 a. m. Rev. Kenneth
Dickey, pastor.
Sunday evening Bible Service will
be held in Whites Chapel Church.
beginning at 1880 D. m. Rev. Ken
meth Dickey will be in charge of
this service.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Heron
and daughters, Marie, Peggy and
Jane, of Philadelphia spent the
Thanksgiving weekend with Mr..
and Mrs. Carl Davidson, of Nassau.
Mr.. and Mrs. INLAND Davidson
were Sunday luncheon guests of
Mr.. ana Mrs Arthur Campbell.
Mrs. Melloy Conoway and Mrs.
Minos Conoway visited Mrs. Mar
garet Moore, of near st. John s
Monday afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph L. Marshall
called on Mr.. and Mrs. Howard
Millman, Monday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Campbell
entertained his daughter, Mrs. Dot
Hitch at a turkey dinner, Thanks
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05

giving Day In the evening. Mr..
Thomas Best. Mr.. and Mrs. Clar-
ence Heron and daughters, Mr..
end Mrs. Gussy Rust Of George
town and Mr.. and Mrs Carl David
son and daughters, Mary Virginia
and Joyce visited them.
Mr.. Roy Simpler spent Thanks
giving weekend with son. Mr.. Lyn-
wood Simpler. in Baltimore.
Mrs. Mary Warrington enter
tanned her family. Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Warrington. Mr.. and Mrs.
John Warrington of Harrington,
and Mr.. and Mrs. Harmon War;
ington to Thanksgiving turkey din
ner
Mrs. Dot Hitch and Mr.. Arthur
Campbell called on Mr.. and Mrs.
Harold Chorman Thursday and also
Mrs. Robert White.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Rust of
Georgetown visited his sister. Mr..
and Mrs. Howard e. Millman and
family Sunday afternoon.
Mrs. Willard Ellingsworth and
son had dinner Saturday evening,
with Mrs. Harmon Warrington.
Mrs. Edith Howarth of Rehoboth
called on Mrs. INLAND Davidson.
Monday.
Oscar Hall Warrington. Jr., and
wife and Mrs. Phyllis Hill called
on Mrs. Mary Warrington, Tuesday.
Mr. William Millman left on Sum
day with Mr. Walter Townsend and
son. Wallace of Georgetown for a
hunting triy in North Carolina.
Thanksgiving Day, Mr.. and Mrs.
Thomas Mitchell entertained Mr.
and Mrs. Leslie Lockerman and
family and Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Lockerman to turkey dinner Mr.
and Mrs. Robert Lockerman and
children are of Toms River. N. J.
Mrs. Minnie Davidson and Miss
Mary r. Vincent spent Saturday af-
tern0on shopping in Dover.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leighton Locker
man were Sunday guests OF Mr.. and
Mrs. Harold Dexter. of Newark.
Mrs. Mary Warrington and Mrs.
Sara Lofland were Wilmington
shoppers Friday
Mrs. Matilda Hill spent the week
end visiting friends in Chester.
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Milford New Century
Club

Mrs. J. Edward schell OF viii
..sasssszssston, Il member of the Junior
League ard chairman OF the Board
81 Directors on its senior citizen
project. spoke to the members OF
the Milford New Century Club on
Monday and showed d motion pic
ture, entitled such a Busy Day
Tomorrow" in which were depict
ed older persons who have much
time on their hands and what can
be done aDout 1t. Mrs. Schell told
of the activity CT the club in Will
mington devoted to senior citi-
szcns and the pleasure il is bring
ing to those 40 longer employed
or have time on their hands. The
projects of the local club this year
are TO work toward something for
those over sixty and to help the
youth in the community and the
talk and film on Monday tied In
with the program OF the club. Pres