davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

tenance had been available from
the family chests. the aristocracy
might have got by and continued
to live graciously. But the chests
were empty and It was necessary
TO cast about for means Of saw
ing the ancient piles:
Some Of the mobiles found an
easy way out. Under British law,
a mansion and land given to the
National Trust--which acts for
the government as custodian Of
famous houses and parks-escapes
death duty. The Trust was soon
inundated With offers Of houses,
with the stipulation that the
owner should remain q ten
ant Of at least part Of the house
until his death.
But not all owners took this
simple way out and, In any case,
there was q limit TO the number
Of houses the Trust was willing TO
take. These owners decided TO
throw open their houses-at O
price, " eourse.
The Idea spyead Nee wtlefir6 a.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
TRAVELLING MEN
By Congressional Quarterly

The year 1877 goes down in
tourist history as the year in
which the first congressional
traveller reached the South Pole
and barely half the lawmakers
were willing to stay home.
Representative John p. Saylor.
Republican of Pennsylvania, on
active duty with the Navy Re-
serve, was the man who ended
Antarctica's congressional i'm
munity, but he was Just q step
ahead Of six-man House COM
mittee that few over both the
North and South poles to study
international Geophysical Year
activities.
' Other forms Of official business
and a handful 'of personally a
nanced pleasure trips-took 222
Congressmen out Of the country
during 1857. Forty-six Senator'S
three short Of a quorum-and
l76 Representatives journeyed
AAOuA AAAiCA hSuil oOAs
All but one member travelled
under the usual cloak of official
secrecy Congress draws around
Junketing expenses. The excep-
ton was the venerable Senator
Theodore Green. Democrat Of
Rhode Island. chairman OF the
Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee. Senator Green last Febru-
airy filed his customary account
ing Of his travels during the prior
year on a six-week tour Of Africa.
Senator Green and his aide spent
$5.484. including $3.50 for cab
fare and $2.84 for stamps and
phone calls.
No Light
Most Congressman, however.
preferred to keep the cost Of their
travels secret. When Representa-
tive William A. Dawson, Repub.
lican Of Utah, tried, last July, to
shed some light on one source Of
congressional travel money
counterpart funds"-the House
baked him.
Counterpart funds are the local
currencies deposited by foreign
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

was the enormous white elephant
OF a mansion. Woburn Abbey.
But the duke soon discovered
that there was money to be made
out Of the house. He declined to
hand 1t over TO the National Trust.
His father had pulled down a
large part of the house but there
were still go rooms under eight
acres Of roof. The house contained
$45.000.O00 worth Of treasures. As
soon as the doors we're opened, the
public fiocked in.
The Duke and his Duchess
thoroughly enjoy their new oc-
cupation though at times such as
bank holidays when they reckon
to have 10000 visitors, the life Is
exhausting. II also is embarrass-
ing on occasions. Quite fire.
quently. the visitors tip the Duke
after hearing him describe some
Of the treasures: on one occasion
q Frenchman, taking the Duchess
TO be O member Of the household
star. asked her hopefully about
her day OF. y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

mands that are causing the trou.
BILE and making it worse.
Whatever the explanation-if
there is oneS-Mr. Reuther him.
self is in the drivers seat Of Q
union that is travelling q rocky
road.
His union has jurisdiction over
three major categories Of workers
all Of whom have troubles. First,
1t serves automobile workers,
whose jobs are evaporating in the
face Of consumer resistance. Sec
ond. it watches over agricultural
implement workers. whose luck
has been bad for half a decade.
And third. it handles the affairs
Of 10000 aircraft and missile
workers. who can't quite figure out
whether they are in the middle
Of a boom or a bust.
He's Politically Minded
To complicate matters, Mr..
Reuther is the symbol of militant
labor-the ranking member Of the
old CLIO. What is more, he be-
lieves 1t is not only his right, but
his positive duty. to engage in
political action at every turn. This
has done little to endear him to
conservatives in general and Re-
publican conservatives in par
ticular.
Like so many single minded in
dividuals at the top Of their CALI
ing. Mr.. Reuther is long on INTEL
Iect and short on vices. Neither q
smoker nor a drinker. he spends
most Of his time at work on labor's
business and thinkers about his
suburban Detroit house for re-
Taxation.
Although he is one of the low.
est-paid Of the major labor lead
ers today. many of his associates
wonder what he does with his
$4,000 a year salary as head Of
the biggest union still in the re-
spectacle ranks Of organized labor.
The pay. his associates agree. is
more than ample for the modest
tastes Of the Reuther family Of
four.
At the half-century mark. Mr..
Reuther is beginning-but only
slightly-to show his age. His
hair is as red as ever. and is
combed back in the wavy. slightly
dudish. forelock which has become
his trademark On the platform,
his wit is as sharp as ever and his
patience as long.
But there are differences in
Walter Reuther between now and
the last time he had to fight
hard against the big three. For
one thing. his eyes are overly
sensitive to bright lights. And.
for another, in the words Of Q
close friend in the labor move
ment. Walter cannot sit in all
night at a bargaining session any
more and still Nlook fresh and
clipper at o'clock in the morn
ing"
The industry may be banking,
this year, on the inevitable trend
Of Mr.. Reuther's battle with time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

soon as 1t was seen that there was
money-big money-in the stately
homes business. Most people in
Britain still love q lord and the
spectacle Of an aristocratic owner
sitting behind the till with his
lady, perhaps selling picture post
cards, pulled In the customers.
One Of the most enterprising
men in the business is the Duke
Of Bedford, whose father died
In 1858 when he accidentally shot
himself In the grounds Of his
estate at Woburn. about 40 miles
from London. A little less than iive
years before the old Duke tthe
18th Of his line) died, he made
gifts to his son and others. dis
posing Of q large part OF his estate.
II he had lived a few weeks longer,
the gifts would have escaped death
duties.
As II was, however. when the
18th Duke succeeded his father.
he was faced with the problem
Of raising about $ls million to
pay death duty. In addition. there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

reports for fiscal le57-the year
that ended last June 30-do offer
some interesting information.
however. They show that, despite
a long session of Congress. the po-
htical conventions and the neces-
sity for campaigning in the fall
OF 1856. congressman spent 1921, =
248 in counterpart funds.
An interesting sidelight is the
fact that members of the House
Education and Labor Committee,
whose concerns are primarily do
nestle, visited II countries dur
ing the year and spent $l9.l94 Of
counterpart funds-more countries
and more spending than the House
Foreign Affairs Committee re-
ported.
Love Thot Hong Kong
Italy. Norway. France, Germany
and England were the most popu-
lar lands with the fiscal 1857 con-
gresSional tourists. Hong Kong.
noted for its bargains, was the
only non-European area where
congressional travellers found they
needed more than $1,000 worth Of
local currency. They spent $5,S56
there.
Counterpart funds. Of course.
furnish just a small part Of the
kitty on which the touring Con-
gresSmen can draw. Congress
voted itself over So million in 1857
for investigations, foreign and do
nestle, The armed services furnish
transportation overseas on request.
and executive agencies pay the
expenses Of congressman investi-
eating their operations. Some
congressman are invited guests
OF foreign governments.
In 1857. for instance. the Army
picked up the tab for a Today
tour of France. Germany and Italy
by eight members Of the House
Armed Services Committee. The
West German government played
host to another delegation and
Italian industrialists invited Ave
CongressmN Of Italiansextraction
TO visit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
M'LORD AT THE TILL
ML0RD AT THE TILL
British Gentry Finds Hospitality Profitable
By ROBERT JACKSON
Special writer for The star

LONDON.-With wages SPIRAL
ling ever upwards and the queue
for more pay growing ever longer,
the country's new poor are looking
into the future with anxious eyes
and heavy hearts. They are Brit
aims aristocracy. whose stately
homes are now being prepared
for the expected-indeed hoped
for-spring invasion by the pro-
Ietariat.
There are few owners Of stately
homes In Britain today who do
not. on three or four days q week
at least, open their park gates
and scan their long and lovely
drives anxiously until the visitors
begin TO arrive.
!. The pleasantest sound q duke,
earl or lord can hear Is the patter
Of feet on his marble floors and
rough-cut voices echoing around
his paneled walls. Along with, Of
course. the sound Of coin clink-
ing into his till.
For less than half q dollar, the
visitor Is free to roam all but a
few Of the mansions rooms, TO in
spect the naughty faces that peer
down In the galleries or 10 wander
around the formal gardens and
enjoy his tea and sandwiches by
the ornamental pools.
The practice Of opening state
ly homes TO the public for the
owners benefit started In earnest
after the war. In the thirties,
many were thrown open one day
q week, but the small charge made
for admission went to charity.
The Golfers Were Empty
But the hard facts Of life al.
tered that altruistic case. In
Britain, q death duty, which on
q very large fortune amounts TO
as much as 30 per cent and even
takes more than two-thirds OF q
small fortune Of, say $50, 900,
played havoc with the affairs of
the wealthy and the aristocratic
tthe terms are. Of course. by no
means synonymous).
Servants were hard 10 ind and
expensive. Some Of the stately
homes. although outwardly beau
tiful. were blemished internally by
dry rot. a
y II funds for renairs and naint
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
BY WILLIAM HINES
star stan Writer

,DETROITs-No one. not even
the Communists. believes the
American economy is headed for
an uncomfortable tailspin. But the
rising tide Of unemployment and
other evidences Of recession
whether mild" or something more
will cause many uneasy eyes to
watch the labor-management bar
gaining tables Of the automobile
industry in the months just ahead.
The decisions made there will be
felt by the economy generally and
be Of crucial Importance to one
seventh Of the Nation.
One-seventh OF the Nation.
What does that mean? II means
that in motorized. mid-20th
century America. one wage Garner
out Of seven owes his livelihood to
the motor vehicle. Either he makes
/ cars or trucks. or he sells them. Or
he drives them professionally. or
he fuels them. When the auto
industry prospers. he proSpers
either directly or indirectly. When
the industry suffers. to some de-
gree he suffers, too.
Today the automobile industry
Is suffering. Sales are down and
inventories are UP. A third of q
million wage earners are idle in
Michigan, many Of them in the
automobile plants. One Detroiter
out Of eight Is getting his pay not
from a manufacturer but from a
regional Office OF the Michigan
Employment Security Commission.
Lcbor's Decision
Last week, 5000 men and women
met in a dusty old Masonic hall
here to decide what organized
labor should do In deciding the
future Of this significant protec-
ton Of the economy. With hardly
a murmur Of meaningful dissent.
they voted-quite openly. quite
democratically-to turn the future
over to a red-haired man Of SO
who is a devil to some and q
saviour to others.
The angel-demon figure, Of
course. is Walter P. Reuther, pres
ident OF the United Automobile
Workers. who just last Friday con-
cluded a three-day special con-
vention on collective bargaining
plans for 1858. The union dele
gates came here with mutually ex-
elusive land from industry's point
Of view. equally unthinkable) sets
of demands for a new labor con-
tract.
Mr.. Reuther. always an avant-
gardist in the field Of labor organ
iZation, wanted a share Of indus
try's profits for his workers-in q
year when industry was saying 1t
would be lucky to have any profits
at all. His formula was a late
substitution for an earlier Reuther
talisman-the shorter work week.
But no sooner had he dropped
his short work week plan than an
old enemy picked it UP. Carl Stel-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

emperors were tossing the early
Christians TO the lions. Scientists
feel that complete ocean top-to-
bottom circulation cycles may re-
cuire 10000 years or more.
In any event. United States re-
search teams In various parts Of
the world are now trying 70 help
establish the true significance Of
man-made Coz. They are collect
ing. as part Of American contfl-
buttons to the international Geo
physical Year, atmospheric SAM
pies to be evaluated and recorded.
Participants are located in the
Arctic, 1000 feet up Mauna Loa In
Hawaii. in Little America. on ships
plying around the world and In
airplanes at various attitudes.
Samples are collected In special
vacuum fisGks at specific times.
usually simultaneously over the
world. Carefully labelled. they are
sent to Scripps Institution. Woods
Hole. Lamont Geological Observa-
tory. the University of Washing
ton or Texas Ann College. all Of
which are collaborating with the
Weather Bureau on the project.
The first civilizations Of these
samples are just beginning.
Could Be Useful Force
Assuming q cause and effect Is
established. 1t does not necessarily
follow that the outlook is COM
pletely gloomy. For the tempera-
ture rise may be offset by proper
regulation and possibly even con-
trolled.
II effective control Is in the
cards. some temperature rise could
prove beneficial to the world in
general. While this aspect Of the
New Forces viii be discussed In
other articles. 1t should be noted
that there are potential benefits
In the prospective warming Of
frigid areas. A very considerable
part Of the Northern Hemisphere
Is now unattractive TO humans,
Whether IL could be warmed suf-
ficiently TO become attractive
without causing undesirable up
heavals at the same time is
debatable. But II Is worth In
vestigation.
A more likely benefit 70 emerge
from proof that coz Is warming
Up the world would be the re-
sultant tremendous impetus to the
development OF other means Of
power. 1nitially this impact would
be felt most IN the field Of atomic
power. Later solar. magnetic or
grayitational systems might come
70 the fore.
And one must surmise that this
kind Of advance would be accom-
panied by corresponding progress
In agriculture. medicine, transport
tation. consumer production. and
other fields.
II man-made coz Is establish
ed as q catalyst to perilous cli-
mate. what about stopping the
trend?
II all depends. Of course. on
what the scientists learn. on how
imminent the dangers are. on the
alternatives available. But one
thing seems certain:
II continued or accelerated
rate Of fossil fuel consumption
means the eventual inundation Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

In this the Goth century, finds himself
confronted important potentially New
Some Of these New Forces the result Of mans planned
endeavothe problems and control example,
Others the byproduct Of the march Of cvzatonhe dwn
ding supply Of fresh water for Whatever their origin
they call for thoughtful and mature consideration they
aren't to give mankind serious trouble in the future
This article the first Of series by MIR. Yeager and Mr.
Stark the New nature potential for good
evil the possibility Of controlling them. Other articles in the
series viii In subsequent editions Of this section
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

DR.. Roger n. Revelle. director
Of the Scripps Institution Of
Oceanography ct La Joila. Calf.
estimated about IL per cent of all
the Goa present In the air today
has been put there by fossil fuel
consumption since the industrial
revolution began In 1900. The
greater part Of this amount has
probably accumulated in the past
few decades.
Another top scientist In the field.
DR.. Harry Wexler. director Of
meteorological research for the
United States Weather Bureau.
says:
THE rapid burning OF fossil
fuels in the remainder Of this CEN
fury will release such large guam
titles Of Goa 10 the atmosphere
that. II burning continues at pres
ent rates and II the Coz Is not
absorbed by the oceans. the
amount Of Goa in the atmosphere
-. win nearly double"
According TO q third prominent
elimatclogist, Or. Gilbert N. Plass,
formerly Of Johns Hopkins and
Michigan State universities. now
In private research. the Goa
trend may be raising global tenn
peratures at Q rate Of between
and 2 degrees centigrade per GEN.
tury.
The Greenhouse Effect
The possible danger Of COZ
arises from an atmospheric phe-
nomenon known as the green
house effect" This Is what keeps
the earth from boiling during the
day and from freezing solid at
night.
II results from the presence Of
three minor gases in the atmos-
phere: Goa. water vapor and
ozone. Sunlight filters easily
through these gases 70 earth in
short waves: here II Is absorbed
or reradiated as infrared rays.
The minor gases. however. tend
to hold back radiations at the
infrared end Of the spectrum
50 We get q elobal warming like
that In q greenhouse or in q closed
automobile left In the sun.
In theory. II any Of the three
minor gases in the atmosphere
increases significantly. our atmos-
pheric roof will become more
dense than ever and tend to
hold more heat close to the
earths surface. Actually. the
theory Is much more complicated
than this and involves many other
factors-yariations In photosyn-
thesis. rock decay and formation
processes. volcanic and hot spring
characteristics. and the coz in
terplay between atmosphere and
ocean.
The atmosphere-ocean relation
ship. Is particularly important be-
cause Of waters potent coz abb
sorption capacities. Scientific stu
dies completed in 1852. however.
indicate the oceans may be less
Of q eompensating factor than
previously thought due to q posi-
BILE saturation Of surface water
and q slow rate Of water turnover
In the oceans. Measurements OF
Newfoundland. for example. now
show that the deep waters there
were on the surface 1.700 years
ago-about the time the Roman
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
TRAVELLING MEN
Congress Has Reached the Pole!
Practicable Outcome

countries receiving United States
aid. Ten per cent Of these funds
are reserved for American use.
and a touring Congressman who
has his committee chairman's
permission can obtain as much
counterpart money in each coun-
try as he feels he needs.
Mr.. Dawson tried to amend the
Mutual Security Act to require an
accounting Of Congressmans use
Of the counterpart funds. but the
move was beaten. S6-l4S, on a
standing vote.
Currently. counterpart fund use
is reported each year on a COM
mittee-by-committee basis. with
no individual figures given. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26
Economy Awaits Ministrotions
OfMr. Reuther and His Followers

lato. head Of the JAWS largest
local union 100000 members at
the Ford Dearborn Works. started
demanding 40 hours pay for 80
hours work-in year when work.
ers were starting to feel lucky II
they had 80 hours work a week on
any terms at all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-26

AANOg AA&4A Va tAAE SNA w . A6A 8GoS
local union 100000 members at
the Ford Dearborn Works. started
demanding 40 hours pay for 80
hours work-in q year when work.
ers were starting to feel lucky II
they had 80 hours work q week on
any terms at all.
Practicable Outcome
The outcome Of Mr.. Reuther's
convention was practicable. DEM
ocratieally, but quite definitely
along his own lines, he chaired
the convention. to its only logical
conclusion:
A stern demand for profit
sharing; a quick build-up in the
unions strike fund to pay for
the work stoppage that now seems
likely TO develop.
About two months from now.
JAW representatives of nearly
two-thirds of a million automo-
bile workers will sit down with
company negotiators in General
Motors. Ford and Chrysler bar
gaining sessions. In the two
months subsequent TO this first
meeting. they will dicker and
bicker until finally. at the end Of
May or shortly afterward. some
one--or something-gives.
On one side Of the bargaining
table-physically more often than
not and always in spirit-will sit
Walter Reuther. Quick Of tongue
and quicker Of mind. he viii be
probing always for the faintest
signs Of company weakness. For
such signs. he has built UP radar
sensitivity over period Of a
quarter OF century.
II industry is less than resolute.
Mr.. Reuther Is likely to come out
Of the bargaining sessions with a
big enough package to surprise
everyone. If. on the other hand.
industry stands fast and chal-
lenges Mr.. Reuther on the basis
Of his personal prestige. there is
likely to be trouble on the picket
line for the first time since 1850.
Eight Years Of Peoce
Eight years ago. JAW and the
Chrysler Corp. locked horns.
There was q strike which persisted
for nearly a third of a year-l08
days. to be precise. Since then:
for one reason Of another. there
have been no major stoppages.
One reason suggested by people
in the know is that in recent
years the manufacturers have
been having it so good they would
go to almost any lengths to avoid
a strike.
This year the companies are
not having 1t so good. Mr.. Reu-
ther complains that a major
cause Of the trouble is an i'm
possible" kind of imitation Of the
companies own making. The
corporations say 1t is Mr.. Reu-
theirs constant 'unrealistic." sin
fiationary." ''un-American" de-
Arizona sun. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1942-196?, 1958-06-05

Base Course & RlW
Base Course, Bitu1ninous Surface & RIW
Bitu1ninous Surface & RfW
Bicurainous Surface Treatment & RfW
Grade, Drain & RSW
Grade, Drain, Surface & RiW
Grade, Drain, Gravel & RiW
Grade, Drain, Bitunoinous Surface g. RiW
Grade, Drain, Portland Cement Concrete P
Gravel Surface & R/W
Seal Existing Surface
Rebuild or Seal Existing Surface & RIW
Traffic Signal & R/W
Survey & R/W
Survey, Plans, Specifications & RIW
Survey, Plans, pecifications & RIW
Widen Existing Roadway & R/W
Overpass & RiW
Underpass & RIW
Traffic Inte rchange & RIW
Origination & Destination Survey
Arizona sun. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1942-196?, 1958-06-05
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1853 1859


Hn~y
y
~ oamsn-ma ehumnwy n@mh
gHbw
Arizona sun. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1942-196?, 1958-06-05
SYMBOLS

Carry Over Not Under Contract
~ Garry Over Under Contract
iN0 New Item
Arizona sun. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1942-196?, 1958-06-05

CONSTRUCTION STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-08

RIGGs nd, outstandins corner lot
and.shingle home IN Immaculate
condition tiled bath. driveway.
screened porch and all the ex-
tras Priced a. Sl3,950, FHA
1919! !sSS,' R Ssl AZ q BItT,s VA Y ri z
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-08

BETHESDA ,nr. River and oolos-
oorouGh I'd Dream split-level
With : bedrmS. ga baths, biz
rec. rm, beautifully paneled: to-
DAYS hit. with dinette. etc. ga
rese' almoat acre: So 500: bis
So trust SAMUEL Z BODILY
Op Nd INC. Oh. $500: sveS..