Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-18

Its 18th year, continues 10 WORK
constructively for peace and
order.
1t has promoted the peaceful
adjustment of sharp political
differences. 1t has advanced
the independence or self-gov-
eminent of peoples ready for
such responsibilities. 1t has
stimulated economic develop
ment and human betterment.
But much remains to be done
to reinforce peace and to
hasten the progress that can
then be achieved.
I shall speak first of the
problems Of peace, and then of
the opportunities for progress,
ii. The Far East
Let me first turn to the situ-
alton in the Taiwan (FormoSa)
Straits area.
On August % the Chinese
Communists suddenly launched
a heavy bombardment of the
Quemoy Islands. The artillery
was largely that supplied by
the Soviet Union. Hundreds
of thousands of shells rained
down on those islands during
the ensuing weeks, bringing
death and destruction. This
cannonading was accompanied
be attempted naval Introduction
of the islands ana by calls to
the defenders of the islands to
surrender or be eliminated.
There are, / know, in this
situation many complicating
factors. But there are two in
disputable and decisive facts.
These are:
/. The Chinese Communist
regime has never during its
nine years of existence exer-
cised authority over Taiwan.
the Penghus, or the offshore
islands.
2, The Chinese Communist
regime is now attempting to
extend its authority to these
areas by the use of naked force.
The issue is thus a simple
one; Armed conquest.
In 1850 the United Nations
met that issue squarely. BY
overwhelming vote found that
the attack of North Korea to
unity" Korea was armed ag-
erosion. 1t condemned the
Chinese Communist regime as
an aggressor because of its
part in that armed attack.
I do not ignore the argu-
ment that today's Chinese Com
munist attack is a civil war
operation. Mr.. Vishinsky made
a parallel argument in 1850.
He told us that the war II
Korea was purely a civil war"
and that outsiders who inter-
vened were "aggreSsors." The
United Nations overwhelmingly
rejected that contention.
Also l do not ignore the fact
that the offshore islands are
physically close to mainland
China. But we can scarcely
accept the view that nations
are entitled to seize territory by
force just because it is near
at hand.
The fact is that when one
regime attempts by force to
take additional territory which
has long been under the author
ity of another government,
recognized as such by a re-
spectacle part of the world
community, that is a use of
force which endangers world
order.
The United States considers
that Chinese Communist armed
aggression poses a grave threat,
with ominouS implications.
Surely it demonstrates again
that the Chinese Communist
regime is not peace loving
to use the language of our
Charter.
We hope that a peaceful So
luton can be found. Talks are
going on between the United
States and Chinese Communist
Ambassadors in Warsaw. We
seek a prompt ceaSe-fire and
equitable conditions which will
eliminate provocations and
leave for peaceful resolution the
different claims and counter
claims that are involved.
If it seems that the bilateral
talks between Ambassadors are
not going to succeed, the United
States reserves the right to
bring this matter to the United
Nations.
III. Hungary and Germany
The Hungarian tragedy con-
tinues. The whole civilized
world is shocked by the cruel
measures of terror and reprisal.
The grim hangings of former
Hungarian Premier Macy and
Gen. Maleter were perpetrated
in shameful secrecy, violated
assurances Of safe conduct and
no reprisals. and def1ed the res
olutions of the United Nations
General Assembly.
Such are symptoms of a more
basic crime-the continued bru-
tai suppression Of the Hunga-
rian people by puppet regime
imposed by Soviet military
power.
The United Nations cannot
let itself be discouraged because
its past appeals have been ig-
nored. Every government which
believes in the principle of self
determination-in fundamental
human rights-or in the protec-
ton Of small nations-has a
solemn duty to continue to
make its position Enthusiastically
clear.
The Soviet government also
def1es all efforts to achieve the
reIInif1catiOn nf CnTy11a11v IN