davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-13
Youth, Is, Is Cleared
In Staten Island KILLINGS

NEW YORK, Sept. 10 (AP)-An 18yearod youth brought
Virginia apparently cleared today of
necon with the Staten Island Staying of Dr. and Mrs Melvin
Miner
District Attorney John M Braisted made specific
serton to that effect but turned youth Brooklyn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-13
2 High Officials Differ
On Arms Funds Freeze
D. the Associated PICS

high administration officials differ whether the
administration has decided to put freeze about
billion dollars extra defense funds most of it for
In related development the Pentagon said yesterday 1t
defeng further cuts in military for the next
few months.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-13
Sees Action Needed

ltechniques and safety regula-
tons.
Sees Action Needed
Even the faintest possibility
of accident, however, requires
international action to cover
the legal liability and public
health problems which might
arise from a radioactive clouds
crossing international borders,
Admiral Strauss said.
The conference wound up
with 5000 nuclear scientists
alerted against any renewed
Government attempts to sur
round their work with secrecy.
"Secretiveness is a lingering
and infectious disease and re-
lapses are possible" warned
French Prof. Francis Perrin in
a closing presidential address to
the huge assembly of scientists
from 66 nations.
Prof. Perrin said a third
atoms-for-peace congress may
be necessary to break down
new forms of secrecy that could
creep back into government
policies. -
Admiral Strauss suggested an
international convention similar
to the Warsaw convention,
which deals with the liabilities
and responsibilities of civil
airlines. The United States
Government already has en-
acted legislation to protect the
public where usual insurance
coverage would be inadequate.
A report to the conference
from the Netherlands Academy
OF Sciences also stressed an
urgent need for international
regulations on radioactive haz-
ards. 1t referred particularly
to the danger Of the Dutch low
lands being flooded by radio
active sea water.
Easily Spread
The report said radioactivity
could easily be spread from one
Western European country to
another by the atmosphere,
rivers and sea water-particu-
larly along the North Sea coast.
AS a rapid expansion Of the
nuclear power industry in the
densely populated areas Of
Western Europe is to be ex-
pected, radioactive damage
may be caused not only through
reactor accidents but also
through the normal outflow of
radioactivity from many re-
actors In such a small area,
the report declared.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-13

ltechniQues and safety regula-
tons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
SupremeCourt:
Wing Clipper

Last year, Republican Senator
Jenner Of Indiana introduced q
bill to restrict the Supreme
Courts authority to declare I'M
constitutional anti Communist
measures taken by the Federal
and State governments.
The bill was clearly an angry
rejoinder to the series of recent
decisions which have upheld the
rights Of people accused Of sub
versive activity.
But its drastic terms drew the
formidable opposition Of the
American Bar Association. many
law school deans, historians, and
the Attorney General. Thereupon
a revision Of the Jenner bill. in
the form of an amendment, was
introduced by Senator Butler,
Maryland Republican, to accom-
pliSh the same purposes.
= Last week the Senate judiciary
Committee reported favorably on
two Of the five sections of the
Butler amendment.
One of the, approved sections
would prohibit the Supreme
Court from accepting Jurisdiction
in any case involving State laws
for membership to the bar. The
other would permit Congressional
committees to be the sole judges
OF whether questions they ask Of
witnesses are pertinent to the
aims of the inquiry in progress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Auto Troubles

In the economically vital auto
mobile industry. production levels
last week were expected to be at
the lowest point since the 1852
steel strike put the assembly lines
into low gear.
Chrysler reported a net loss Of
$751; million for the first quarter.
when sales dropped so per cent
from the year earlier. Ford's
sales for the same period we're
down almost as much as net in
come dropped from $l.85 a share
in early 1867 to AZ cents this year.
Following this news came the
word that the Army had awarded
Chrysler contracts totaling $4.3
million for trucks.
On the other hand. American
Motors - enjoying the success
of their small Rambler model
reported net profits in the six
months ended March 81 climbed
to $7.3. million, compared with
a net loss of $50 million in the
corresponding period a year ago.
In the steel industry. Bethle-
hem Steel, the industry's second
largest producer, reported its net
income down 81 per cent in the
first quarter. Jones g. Laughlin'S
profits in the same three months
fell to II cents a share, from 81 80
in the like 1857 period. And Ma
tional Steel's earnings dropped
from $1.82 a share to 81 cents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Pay Raises:
Due for Veto?

In recent weeks, President
Eisenhower's relations with Con-
gress-for so long remarkably
smooth-have reached the lowest
ebb since he entered the White
House. Vetoes and the threat Of
vetoes have become more numer-
Gus as an election-m minded Con-
gress seems less inclined to see
eye-to-eye with the President.
Last week. Senate-House con-
ferees approved postal rate and
pay increases that-if their YER
sion survives floor tests-may well
run into another presidential veto.
The conference committee ap-
proved a fiat Accent first-class
mail rate and an across board
postal pay increase, retroactive
to last January /. of rs per cent
plus temporary cost -.of living
bonuses Of is to rs per cent.
Mr.. Eisenhower, who has asked
for a scent letter rate, has made
1t plain that he would not accept
any pay increase plan that went
far beyond 6 per cent rise.
Meanwhile, the Senate Armed
Services Committee unanimously
approved q bill to raise the Jay Of
career military men by about $577
million in the fiscal year beginning
July /.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
CREDIT

Three times the Federal Reserve
Board has acted since the recess
sion began to make credit buying
easier and more attractive, which
is supposed TO stimulate the pur-
chasing of everything from appli-
ances to homes. The discount rate
the rate at which member banks
borrow from the Federal Reserve
now stands at IA per cent. The
Board also. in another attempt to
shake loose consumer and invest
or money. has twice reduced the
amount which 1t requires its
member banks to keep in reserve.
The actions have been claimed
by both the White House and
Senate Minority Leader Know
land as Republican steps to fight
the recession, despite the fact
that, during the recession, credit
demand has sfumped. Also on
previous occasions when critics at
tackled the Board for restrictions
on credit. Republicans have point
ed out that the Federal Reserve is
by law independent" now, and
therefore does not come under
White House authority.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
The WORLD SCENE
The Summit: Prospects Grow DINNER

Personal, across-t table di-
plomacy between heads of states
is not new in history. But it has
not been the practice in modern
times and. in terms Of results, has
little to recommend 1t.
Napoleon met with Car Alex
ander ! for long hours alone. yet
within months the Grand Army
was marching toward Moscow
and disaster. Kaiser Wilhelm II
and Car Nicholas II, willie and
Nicky" before 1914. yachted chum-
mily while they talked of the
future Of Europe. Both lost their
crowns in a war that saw their
empires opposed in deadly strife.
Adolf Hitler and Neville Cham
berlain met to frame Munichs
false peace in our time"
There have been other meetings
between heads-of state, some of
them productive for a time.
Teheran, Yalta and Potsdam,
where the Soviet Union and the
Western allies met to coordinate
their policies for war and for the
peace to follow, were successful
only in respect to the war. The
most recent meeting. that in
Geneva in 1865, raised the worlds
hopes for peace only to send them
crashing again as the cold war
continued undated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
The Big Question

The big question now is will
taxes be cut?"
Rank-and-file members of both
parties have come out for a tax
cut, despite the fact that most re-
cent history has completely dis
proved the old political axiom
that there are millions of votes to
be won by tax reduction.
At present. both sides are hold
ing of with a sort of "gentleman's
agreement" not to spring a tax
cut plan without comforting to-
gether on 1t:
For the Democrats. Senator
johnson and the party's House
leaders in tax matters are moving
cautiously lest they act too soon
and appear even to the most OBJ
fuse voter to be playing with ma
tional solvency for political gain.
Mr. Eisenhower. who previously
was willing to wait and see," has
clearly stiffened his resistance to
tax relief. Each time he is asked
about it. he evidences more dis
taste for 1t than before.
Those economists whose views
are not colored by their political
sympathies contend that 1t is i'm
possible to say whether the money
provided to the taxpayer by a re-
duction would even go back into
the economy. Some Of it, all Of
1t. or none Of 1t may be either
spent or boarded. they point out.
Nevertheless. some of the best
opinion around town expects that,
all things considered the receS.
sion and politics--tax reduction
will be difficult to avoid this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Pentogon Plan:
EmbuttIed

The Administrators blueprint
for reorganization Of the Defense
Department was IN plenty of con-
gressional trouble last week, and
a retreat was already in progress
on some of its major provisions.
Defense Secretary McElroy, at
bay most of the week before the
searching questioning Of the
House Armed Services Committee
and its hostile Democratic chair
man, Representative Carl Vinson
of Georgia. agreed to a major
overhaul Of the administrations
bill. Mr.. McElroy's genial accept
ance of the committees insistence
on rewriting the measure may
have headed OF a fierce floor bat
tie in both House and Senate.
Chief targets for the lawmakers
attack were provisions greatly
strengthening the Defense Secre-
tary's authority. and changes
which might permit a de facto
merger Of the three services. The
legislators were also highly suspi-
cious Of clauses creating a CEN
tralized career" general staff, and
Of others they feared would re-
move or weaken the traditional
control Of Congress over the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
The Score Card

As things stand now. almost one
hundred steps have either been
taken or proposed by the admin
istration and Congress as recess
sion cures. Many Of these meas
ures. however. affect only very
limited Segments of the economy.
Others are labeled anti-recession-
airy only because such a tag is be-
lieved to give legislation an added
advantage now.
1t has been the congressional
action that has taken the head
lines. and more often than not,
the most widely publicized plans
have carried Democratic labels.
Senate Democratic Leader Lyndon
johnson has had some spectacular
success in his drive TO win for his
party the lions share Of the credit
for meeting the recession head-on.
More than once, while administra-
ton experts were drafting cures,
Senator johnson and his COL
leagues have beat them to the
draw by coming UP with similar
plans just in time to make the
home editions.
The major actions in Congress
so far have conferred around six
plans:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
PUBLIC WORKS

A Democratic rivers and har-
borS improvement bill costing SIT
billion was vetoed by Mr.. Eisen-
hover. 1t had been touted by
the Democrats as an anti-reces-
sionary measure. but Mr.. Eisen-
hover, in rejecting the bill, made
a good case for his argument that
it could have no effect on the
recession-unless it is expected to
last for years.
The projects, he contended,
would take too long. Some are
not even in the planning stage
and work on many of the larger
ones could not begin for many
months-in some cases, perhaps
two or three years.
The plan, Congress biennial
pork barrel bill" was first passed
by the Senate over a year ago,
when. of course, nobody was call
ing 1t a cure to a recession that
had not even yet begun. The
chance of overriding the veto has
repeatedly improved in recent
lays. and II the Democratic
leadership can marshal the two
thirds vote required in both
houses, they'll give it a try. It
would be the first Eisenhower veto
oVerridden,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

California. for which he has been
campaigning. A major issue in
the California race-an issue he
injected-is his proposed bill Of
rights" for labor. q set Of laws
more restrictive than those writ
ten by. Senator Taft. which be-
came known as the Taft-Hartley
Act.
For this reason, the Senate
struggle over labor legislation last
week had q definite bearing on
not only the California election
this fan. but possibly also on the
presidential election in 1860.
In that struggle Senator Know
land did not fare well. Five times
his efforts TO turn a bill requiring
unions to report on welfare and
pension funds into q comprehen-
sive labor reform law by a series
Of amendments were rejected.
One Knowla amendment
would have required unions to
elect officers by secret ballot every
four years. Another would have
set up controls for trusteeships
over local unions. Others would
have made 1t illegal for an en-
ployer representative to act at
union expense as a go-between
in union-management negotia-
tons and would have allowed the
Secretary Of Labor to make pub
lie financial information supplied
by unions. One rejected late yes
terday would have prohibited
unions from discrimination In &C
cepting members.
Senator Knowland was opposed
by all Democrats except Senator
Lausche Of Ohio and 10 Repub-
licans. The position of many
Democrats and some Republicans
was that such legislation should
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
An Appealing Idea

But whatever the history OF
such top-level talks, the idea has
popular appeal. an appeal that
seems to grow in proportion to
the gravity Of the issues at stake.
The statesman who proposes
summit meeting is almost auto
matically cast in the role of
peacemaker. The statesman who
rejects or avoids summit meet
ing, is likely to be called an
obstructionist or worse.
Thus the Soviet Unions strong
and sustained drive for a meet
ing Of the heads-of state has
earned a great propaganda adj
vantage for the Kremlin. And, by
the same token. United States
resistance to the idea has created
a grave public relations problem
for the West.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
THE WORLD SCENE

Last week it was beginning to
appear that the fencing between
Moscow and Washington on the
subject Of the summit was about
over. The "fish-or-cut-bait" stage
seemed imminent. And the actual
prospects for a heads-of -state
meeting we're DINNER than they
have been at any time in the
past year.
Diplomats privately ascribe this
situation to two circumstances
Cd 1t is now plainly certain that
one side or the other must make
some major concessions in ad-
vance If a summit meeting is to
take place, and (2) there are
specific areas-the Vests insist
ence on strengthening NATO,
and the Soviet refusal to discuss
the future Of Eastern Europe
where no agreement is possible
at this time.
During the week, the United
States, Britain and France again
prodded the Soviet Union on in
itRting Joint talks in Moscow at
the ambassadorial level. So far,
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei
Gromyko has insisted on talking
to the Vests ENJOYS separately
a procedure firmly rejected by the
West as divisive and fruitless. In
contrast to their earlier Eyes, but
:" acceptance of a top-level
conference, now the American.
British and French notes were
urging immediate and practical
steps" to bring one about.
Basically, the United States and
its allies are still insisting that the
ambassadorial talks, and a later
foreign ministers meeting, con-
slider matters of substance as we'll
as form. And the Russians con-
tinue to argue for preliminary
sessions confined to procedural
matters. such as agenda, member
ship, and location.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
The Economy: Hopeful Signs

In President Eisenhower's 1858
economic report, sent 10 Congress
on January 20. he declared that
"the decline In business activity
need not be prolonged eco
nomic growth can be resumed
without extended interruption.
Three weeks later, the President
forecast that March would see the
beginning Of the end Of the
downturn In our economy" On
February 20. he again said he
saw no danger Of a "protracted
decline" Another optimistic FORE
cast came from the White House
on March 8. and then on March
26 he announced confidently that
I'VE are going through the worst
of 1t right now"
Last Wednesday. Mr.. Eisenhower
reported evidence that the recess
sion was "fiattening out" His
earlier expressions Of optimism
had been. as 1t turned out. pre-
mature. But there are now signs
that his comments at Wednesdays
press conference might be sub
stantiated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

plans. in which they see q posi-
BILE Federal encroachment on
States rights.
Jockeying for the political credit
that is expected to 60 with re-
cesSion cures continued during
the week.
Vice President Nixon told q
publishers meeting that there
we're indications that the moves
already taken by the Eisenhower
administration had licked the re-
cession. and that he did not ex-
pect any new steps would be
needed. (He added, however. that
If action already taken should
turn out to be insufficient, he
would favor tax. relief.
Several days earlier, Senate
Democratic Leader Lyndon john
son had said that the admins
tration had been too lethargic in
its action ever since the recession
began. The Nation, he said.
could not afford to sit it out"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
HOUSING

In less than q months time.
a acknowledgements housing
measure costing $l.S billion was
reported. debated, enacted and
signed into law. This was perhaps
the most effective anti-recession
measure to date in providing an
immediate impact. 1t is expected
TO create half-million jobs this
year. Already its effect is being
felt as builders prepare for busy
summer months ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

esoteric art Of economic forecast
ing
The CongreSsmen went home.
When they returned in January.
they we're ready to express them
selves at length on q danger that
mad presented itself In their abb
sence from Washington-the So
Wet Sputniks. But before the new
session was two weeks old. new
economic statistics turned their
attention to another matter-the
recession. which had also bloomed
in full while Congress was away.
The figures were alarming. They
showed. for example, an unem-
ployment rise Of almost l million
in two months.
Subsequent statistics deepened
the concern. AS a result, the first
is weeks OF the second session has
given more time and headlines 10
curing the recession than to meet
ing the challenge Of the Sputniks
This is a congressional election
year, and the state Of the pocket
book is clearly of more Importance
to the voter-a fact borne out in
graSSroots surveys-than the more
remote danger Of Soviet techno-
logical advances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

American bombers were endanger-
ing the peace of the world by
frequent hydrogen bomb flights
near the Soviet borders was a
sample of the sitter Russian
attitude.
The formal complaint on the
SAC flights was duly considered
Monday by the U. N. Security
Council. After Soviet Delegate
Arkady Sobolev stated the Moscow
charges. American Delegate Henry
Cabot Lodge replied with a fiat
denial that the flights were a dan
ger to peace or represented ag-
gressive designs on Russia.
Mr.. Sobolev withdrew the for
NAL complaint before the Security
Council could vote. Mr.. Lodge
then announced that the Russians
had suffered a diplomatic de-
feat" by avoiding q vote certain
to go against them.
U. N. observers, however, could
CIV Az CAAbdA uooAAlCllJ w bAiC 0O~
Wet Union in the withdrawal. De-
feat in the Security Council, they
pointed out, was a foregone con-
cluSion. Britain, France, Nation
alist China, the United States and
the Soviet Union are the perma-
nent members, with Canada, CO.
lombia. Iraq, Japan, Panama and
Sweden as temporary members
a probable vote of 10 against one.)
But the Soviet objective of using
the U. N. as a sounding board for
the bomber complaint was accom-
pliShed.
Saturday, in an apparent after
math to the Soviet protest, Mr..
Lodge announced that the Sc
curity Council on Tuesday would
take up, at the United States
request. a discussion Of Arctic
aerial inspection against surprise
attack. (See story by William Frye
on Page A-27J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
DEFENSE SPENDING

The greatest potential stimulant
originating in the administration
was provided by an order increas-
ing the placement of defense con-
tracts from the $7.9 billion let in
the last six months of 1857 by
SIS billion, to $l34 billion in the
first half of 1858. 1t is doubtful.
however. that the economy will
feel this shot in the arm until
late this year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Roster Outlook

Certainly as last week ended the
rate OF the economic downspin
seemed to have slowed, and there
we're economic barometer readings
indicating that the declaration
was not just a temporary thing.
There were also expressions OF
optimism from business execu-
tives. who in the past months
have been gloomy. For example:
. Machine tool orders, indicat-
ing plans for future industrial
activity, were UP 20 per cent in
March over February, and we're
at the highest level since the
recession began last August.
. Farm income in 1855 first
quarter rose sharply. topping the
same 1857 period by SIS billion.
when farmers incomes improve.
they buy the items industry
makes.)
. CT BODYBUILDING plans are
climbing steeply since Mr.. Eli
senhower removed down pay
ment requirements.
o The rate Of new interpretations
was up by more than II per cent
last month.
From the business community
came statements like these:
o The chairman Of the board OF
Republic Steel, Charles NJ. White.
declared that the liquidation Of
steel inventories by manufactu-
ers was just about over. When
idle stocks are used. the mills,
whose scheduled operations fell
last week from ats per cent Of
capacity to 46.e per cent, will
be calling laid-off workers back
to I'LL new orders.
Q The president Of General Elec-
trio Corp. Ralph J. Cordiner. re-
ported that his company. large
steel user. had noted the FIRST
signs" Of an upturn in demand
for electrical equipment and ap-
planes.
o DR.. John X. Langum. president
of Business Economics. Inc. said
that although recovery will be
slow 1t now is "sure and certain"
He predicted that the economy
will continue recessionary into
the fall. but the rate Of decline
has started falling of.
Tempering somewhat these mod
est expressions of hope were the
latest figures on unemployment
claims. which rose to a new post
war record the week ended April
IL. They were UP $4,000 over the
previous week.
The other minus signs last week
we're found mostly in those indices
and business reports that mark
the course the economy already
has Travelled. For instance. pro-
duction Of electric power in the
week ended April 10 dropped TO
a nine-month low.
The Consumers Price Index
meanwhile continued its unreces-
sionlike course. The latest survey
for March-found living costs
at a new all-time high Of 1888 per
cent of the 1919 average. A Id
per cent rise in food costs. with
fruits and vegetables up 81 per
cent. led the rise.