davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1958-07-04
DAVID LAWRENCE

There was a time when the
Fourth Of July meant q great
deal more to the American
naople than it does today.
There used to be more pa
rades and demonstrations Of
patriotism. There was always
throughout the world a keen
interest in the celebration OF
the American Revolution.
Today the lack Of EN-
phasls on the origin Of the
holiday is scarcely noticed.
Most Americans take this
country's independence for
granted because they think it
isn't being threatened. They
are not apprehensive that a
foreign state might take over.
as more than 600 million peo-
pie have been taken over by
Communist imperialism. This
contingency is considered re-
mote, If not fanciful.
Yet the steady procession
of states which have fallen
under the yoke of the Krem-
lin is not fanciful. 1t is real.
The military potential, more
over, of a bloc Of states is
being manipulated in a
threat TO the safety of the
United States.
Americans not only don't
bother to take note Of the
historic meaning Of the
Fourth of July. but they seem
little interested in stirring up
revolution among the en-
slaved colonies now under the
yoke of the Soviets. Even the
mention by Secretary Dulles
of liberation" for these un-
fortuate peoples was attacked
by Democratic Party speak
ers in a recent presidential
campaign. Too many Ameri-
cans nowadays are accepting
Evening star., 1958-07-04

American. has come to ST.
850, 100000.
The American aid program
has been tapering of recently,
economic aid from the United
States came to about $35 mil
lion last year. Military aid. the
amount of which is labeled
top secret" increased last
year, however. Technical as
sistance from the United States
is down to about 100000 a
year and is largely concerned
with such things as marketing
and processing agricultural
products.
According to John Lambrou-
cos, director general of the
Ministry Of Coordination,
Greece plans to tighten its
links to the rest of Europe.
Plans are being pushed to con-
meet Greece's electric grid sys-
tenn with that of Yugoslavia to
increase the standby capacity of
both countries. Other plans call
for connecting Greece's road
system with Europe through
Yugoslavia. which will improve
both the tourist potential and
the transport capacity of
Greece.
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Meaninq Of the Fourth Of JuIy

summary execution Of their
leadersl
There is need also for
pointed reflection ON the con-
cept Of evolution as well as
revolution. For inside the
United States the central
government has been tending
toward a form OF despotisn
not conceived Of by the found
ing fathers. The thirteen
colonies considered themselves
sovereign and equal. They
delegated certain powers to q
national government, but they
never thought the contract
they signed would be con-
strued as meaning that they
were to give UP any other
powers without their con-
sent. Government. they were
assured. would always rest
upon the consent Of the gov
erned. Yet today the tend
ency is to erode gradually
the rights Of the States and
to impose a central authority
which, without amendment
Of the Constitution in the
way prescribed in that docu-
ment itself, can deprive the
people Of the, rights they
have always thought were to
be exercised by the States.
A public rereading Of the
Declaration Of Independence
and Of the Constitution
should have been featured
everywhere throughout the
country as a part of the cele-
bration Of Independence Day.
This might have reminded
many people Of the rights
lost by the States through
usurpation Of power. 1t
might have even drawn at
tention to the growth of the
cult Of expediency which
today permits nine men, never
elected by the people, to re-
write the Constitution at will.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Peoce-0t-Any-Pnce Ideo Criticized
As Inviting Tragedy for Free World

wants to point out that 1t is
attracting far more public
attention than the predica- !.
ment the Nation is facing.
The idea that we must
achieve peace in our time re-
gardless of price is taking
deep roots, not only among
the uninitiated general public,
but even among those who
are guiding our destinies.
When you ask some Of our
leaders what has happened
to American pride and dig
nifty, they label you a jingoist
who does not have the remot-
est notion of the meaning Of
fighting in this day and age.
When you draw their atten-
tion. as this reporter has
often done, to the fact that
whenever we assert ourselves
the international Commu-
nists. who in the event Of a
war could not rely on their
oppressed people. have beaten
a quick retreat. the answer
is: Eyes. in the past. But
what if they don't do it now?
Where shall we be? Have you
any notion Of what a nuclear
war might cost us?"
And when the reply is: 1T
might be expensive, but 1t
would be at least as costly
to them. Have you put your
selves in the shoes of the
men in Moscow when they
discuss the same problem?"
The retort is: Yes, but they
are ruthless and will go to
any length to achieve their
objectives. Americas role as
the leader Of the free world
is to do everything to pre-
vent the unleashing of a
conflict"
Hence the motto adopted
not only by the executive but
also by so many members of
the legislative branch: Lets
talk: let's all sit together at
the green table; men of good
will must eventually reach
some agreement which would
permit us to solve the pres
ent impaSse without recourse
to power"
Talking with highly un-
diplomatic threats and in
suits is the forte of the men
in the Kremlin. They feel
sure now that by using their
Scowls-and-smileS diplomacy
they can get us to the trough
and force us to drink the
bitter water of appeasement
before surrender. This is not
Evening star., 1958-07-04
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Free World Fortress Besieged

in the character Of the
average American who would
rather challenge the Red
conspiracy than accept the
tragedy which is lurking but
which he fails TO fully under
stand.
The average American Is
showed under by propagan-
da, not only from the enemies
Of freedom but from his own
high-minded people who tell
him. more than the Russians,
about the holocaust which
the struggle for freedom may
involve. The men in the
Kremlin merely hint at what
they may do. Their propa-
ganda is geared to peace
ful coexistence in which the
wolf and the lamb become
DeQIelIOWS.
But Americans hear from
their trusted leaders in Con-
gress and the executive
branch that negotiations
leading to coexiStence and
intimate business and INTEL
lectual exchanges with the
Communists are the main
hope to save our heritage.
Few are aware that even the
cultural exchanges so proud
ly announced by the State
Department as a great ac-
complishment leading to q
relaxation Of tension are q
one-way street.
The political thinking Of
the Soviet citizens is unaf-
fected by the presence Of the
American performers because
under the Soviet regime only
the top leadership Is allowed
to think. But the Russian
cultural delegations" which
come to America do affect
our political thinking. Their
performances lead our people
to say that they are just
like us" without realizing that
unlike in the West the
masses have nothing to say
about the actions and plans
of their leaders.
Evening star., 1958-07-04

18th 8 6 Open 10::30-9 Thurs.
7th g K 1873 Thurs.
BIB 18th 1909 Thurs.
44ss CONN. 1909 Daily
Evening star., 1958-07-04

All the extraordinary and
icy skill of Vice President
Nixon as the master politi-
clan Of the Republican Party
is being engaged by the Sher-
man Adams affair.
Few men have less reason
to feel unhappy at Mr..
Adams troubles. 1t was Sher-
man Adams, as Assistant to
the President, who shouldered
Mr.. Nixon out of the way to
become for a time the acting
President when Mr.. Eisen-
hover had his heart attack.
And when Mr.. Nixon, him
self. was in difficulties in 1852
over contributions from rich
hackers, he was left alone to
work out his own rescue. No
body connected with MIR.
Adams wept for Mr.. Nixon
then.
The Vice President today
could repay the score hand
somely. He could finish of
Mr.. Adams public career
with a single public sentence.
Even though the President,
himself, still is standing with
his "imprudent" assistant,
this arrangement could not
possibly survive any strong
intimation Of disapproval by
Mr.. Nixon.
Already the bulk of G. o. p.
leaders are in the adams
Must Go" school, If Mr..
Nixon should join that school,
Mr.. Adams would go, indeed.
Even If the President should
then insist that he stay on,
his position would be so in
tolerable that he would have
to make an excuse to depart.
Nevertheless, Mr.. Nixon has
not turned on Mr.. Adams. His
intuitive smell of political
reality is far more acute than
Evening star., 1958-07-04
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Bernard Godfne deducted his gifts to Sherman Adams
from business expenses They're old fends-way
back to the 1858 tax return.
Who prestige has sunk abroad? The citizens
Of no other country priced hostages
The House cuts foreign aid request by almost 81
billion Even the major American business of giving money
away has gone into a recession.
Russias Khrushchev sends Ike another letter. He's
rushing get in his yearly quota before postage
up to cents.
Diners glossary: Wafies-Pancakes with bad case of
hives.
Optimst The guy who helps relax world tensions by
making UP with his wifeand that leaves only about
two billion people still fighting
Bernard Goldhne'S friendship for Sherman Adams
the real SD knd-deep. devout and deductible.
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Some Seen TOking independence
For Granted, Not Seeing Threat

the defeatist philosophy Of
the Status quo" - letting
things stay as they are. There
is a Grass indifference to the
fate Of the captive peoples OF
CzechoslovakiR, Poland, Ro-
mania, Bulgaria, Hungary,
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and
East Germany.
The Fourth Of July, espe-
cially this year, should have
been an occasion for Nation
wide demonstrations of de-
votion TO the principle Of
liberation by revolution.
There could have been dra-
matte emphasis on Americas
example-what our Colonists
here once did to emancipate
themselves from tyranny.
Today, however, the tend
ency is to give less thought
to the plight Of other peoples
and more attention to the
pleasures of the day. The
Fourth Of July is a holiday
primarily for recreation. The
national significance Of the
day is, to be sure, noted here
and there by patriotic or
ganizations, but even the
television and radio networks
did not have a single program
scheduled devoting special
attention to Independence
Day.
What an opportunity was
afforded to focus worldwide
attention once more on the
heroic efforts of the people
Of Hungary to win their in
dependencel What a chance
to have representatives in
all branches Of our Govern
ment participate in a dem
onstration of sympathy
for the people of Hungary
and to mourn with them the
Evening star., 1958-07-04
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Nixon BoIsters the G. O. P.

In their difncult task. about
the best hope the pros have
is from an unlikely source
the very House committee
that is investigating Mr..
Adams relations with Ber-
nard Goldfine. Only If that
committee should fall on its
face in the most spectacular
way-in such a way as to
outrage the country and turn
public sympathy around to-
ward Mr.. Adams could the
presidential assistants posi-
ton be made at all tenable.
There is, of course, very
little possibility that the COM
mittee will be so foolish.
True, it seemed to be headed
in the direction of self-de-
struction in the leeway y
granted to the anti-Adams,
anti-G -Goldf1ne witness, John
Fox Of Boston. Mr.. Fox's OBJ
vious animus, with its over
tones of a new kind of Nc
Carthyism. did the commit
tee no good.
But the committee knows
as much and will be on guard
not to err again.
Thus, in summary, what is
most likely to happen is this:
Mr.. Adams undoubtedly
will go along in his job for a
while, maybe even as long as
two months, assuming that
further investigation does not
put him in a worse light than
at present.
But the odds are at least
three to one that he will not
be around here long after
Labor Day. His departure, if
it comes, will not be by any
act of the President. Instead,
matters will be SO arranged
that Mr.. Adams, himself, at
length will announce that
though he has done nothing
wrong he is compelled to con-
fesS that he has become a
liability.
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Vice President Plies Self to Rescue
Party From Effects of Adams Affair

that Of either Mr.. Adams or
Mr.. Eisenhower. who would
cheerfully concede his anna
teur status as a politician.
And it is because of his
acute political awareneSs that
MIR. Nixon is proceeding so
carefully. In a word, some
body must save the COP, to
the extent it can be saved,
and he is elected for the job.
The Vice President, accord
ingly, is not limiting his free
dom Of action. He is not par
ticipating in the Adams de-
fense councils within the ad-
ministration. Neither is so
powerful a Nixon associate as
William Rogers, the Attorney
General.
Mr.. Rogers privately has
made it clear that he is stand
ing apart - as, indeed, in
propriety he must as the chief
legal officer Of the United
States and the occupant of a
semijudicial post.
Mr.. Nixon is under no such
restraints. His position of
aloofneSS-and that is what
it isis dictated by his neces-
sites as the outstanding Re-
publican PRO"
These proS-and most of
all Mr.. Nixon as their leader
have their work cut out for
them. On the one hand, they
must limit Mr.. Adams un-
arguable damage to the party
as best they may. On the
other hand, in attempting to
extricate the party, they
must strive, too, somehow to
eXtricate the President, him.
self. from his almost un-
limited commitment to Mr..
Adams. This commitment is
SO open-ended as to be highly
unwise politically.
Evening star., 1958-07-04

There is a story. of course
unverified, that while the
Turks were battering the
walls of Constantinople in
the 18th century the Coun-
ell Of Elders Of Byzantium
(an old version Of the Su-
preme Soviet was engaged
in arduous discussions about
the sex Of angels.
The powerfully fortified
citadel representing the high
est civilization then known
fell under the blows of the
determined and weI-disci-
plined Turkish hordes. The
Byzantines had reached a
very high standard Of living
for those days but fought
only half-heartedly. Their
leaders were interested more
in distractions and ideologies
than in the practical matter
that the Turks were about to
destroy their ''impregnable"
walls.
This story could be aptly
applied to the present-day
situation. Whether we like to
admit it or not, the fact re-
mains that the shaky West
ern fortress Of the free world
is being besieged by the
forces Of darkness repre-
sented in our modern age by
the Soviet Union and China.
The walls of freedom and
Western civilization are not
being battered physically.
For the time being the weap-
ons selected by those who
want to establish their dicta-
torship over the world are
infiltrations. propaganda. in
trigues and moral sabotage.
These facts have been well
established in this country
at least by exhaustive studies,
Investigations and revela-
tions from committees of
Congress and the FBI. But
who pays much attention to
them?
The lurid Goldfine-Adams
story is far more interesting
to John @. Citizen than the
danger that is staring us in
the face-that we may be on
the threshold of the greatest
tragedy not only in the short
life of this republic but of
this centurieS-old civilization.
This columnist does. not
wish to minimize the impor-
tance of the sensational af-
fair now before the House
subcommittee. He merely
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Briton to Speak
On Antiquities

A British Museum official win
speak on "The Preservation Of
Antiquities" in the Freer CAL
lery auditorium, Smithsonian
Institution. Tuesday at 8 pm.
The lecturer is DR.. Harold J.
Plenderleith, Keeper Of the
Research Laboratory Of the
British Museum in London.
Evening star., 1958-07-04
TynwoId Parliament
Founded About 938

ingly low. The Keys once passed
a law barring main roads to all
traffic during motorcycle races.
Rising from that law is the an
nual Isle of Man tourist trophy
race group, perhaps the most
famous motorcycle race.
Evening star., 1958-07-04

ST. JOHNS. Isle Of Man.
July 4 .(NANA).-The grand
mother of parlaiments." prob
ably the oldest legislative as
sembly in the world, meets un-
der the open sky here again
soon for the 1,O2Oth year in a
row.
The legislature is. the Court
Of Tynwald, whose Council and
House Of Keys form the COM
bined legislative and executive
authority for the popular va
cation Isle of Man. This court
is the only remaining open-air
national assembly in Europe,
and makes all the laws for this
most independent section of
Great Britain.
| Most authorities say the Tyn-
wald parliament was founded
in 938-although definite proof
lis lacking-under the Norwe-
gian King Orry. For the Isle of
Man was once a Viking colony
and remained outside Great
Britain until 600 years ago,
Rival in Antiquity
The courts only rival In
antiquity is Iceland's Althing,
founded about the same time.
Beside either, the American
Congress is q mere infant and
even Britain's mother of par
liaments" is a young upstart.
The court presides over an
island which boasts the worlds
most northerly palm trees Cat
Ramsay, latitude SIS degrees)
and the worlds largest ballroom
(space for 1000 couples on the
floorD. Its population of $4,000
is multiplied by 10 every sum-
mer when hordes of British
vacationerS invade it.
Throughout the year, the
House of Keys meets at Doug
las, the islands capital, like
Ianye other parliament, under
ancient rulings which give the
Isle Of Man greater Self-gov-
eminent than any other part
of the British kingdom.
Meets Once q Year
But none of the bills passed
by the House of Keys can take
effect until they are read in
public assembly, in both Manx
and English languages, at the
annual court of Tynwald. The
court meets every July Sex
cept, as this year, when that
date falls on a week end and
the sitting is moved to Mon
day. Meetings are held on a
curious artificial mound called
Tynwald Hill, near st. Johns
on the road from Douglas to
Peel. Tynwald Hill is made Of
earth from every parish Of
Man in a series of low. circular
platforms. one upon the other,
rising only IL feet high.
When the court is in OPEN
air session each year, the
islands lieutenant governor,
representing the queen, sits on
his chair of state on the hills
highest platform.
Once a summary of Keys
passed bills is read, the bills
officially become law. English
laws Of Parliament and the
Queen are not recognized on
the island-unless (as in mat
ters of war; they are expressly
enacted to apply to Man.
Loyal Toast
AS a matter of fact, the Isle
Of Man is almost the only place
in Britain where you cannot
hear the toast Gentlemen, the
Queen" In Man the loyal toast
is, Gentlemen, the Lord Of
Man" As it happens. the
Queen is the current Lord Of
Man, but it was not always
that way.
Some Of the laws passed by
the House Of Keys, and con-
| firmed on Tynwald Hill, have |
given the Isle of Man special
advantages.
Income tax. for example. is (
only a fraction as high on the
island as it is in Britain prop
Evening star., 1958-07-04

Thus, where most countries
In a hurry to develop indus
trially are rushing headlong
into projects without enough
planning, the Greeks often ap-
pear to plan to the point of
stalemate.
One of the several conspicu-
Gus examples is a big petroleum
refinery just completed under
the development program. BY
using the refinery the Greeks
can save $750,000 a month in
foreign exchange now going to
import petroleum products.
But the government failed
at the outset to come to an
agreement with private inter-
ests to which the plant is to
be leased. The private firm had
no part in helping plan or con-
struct the plant. Haggling has
been going on for months over
terms Of the proposed lease.
Foreign exchange is being need
lessly wasted because the COM
plete plant stands idle.
But in spite of the slowness
of industrial development and
the low standard of living Zone
OF the lowest in Europe), Greece
has been. making fine economic
progress in the decade since its
civil war. One proof of that is
that since 1858. when the
drachma was devalued, there
has been very little imitation
and Greek currency has been
stable, in contrast to most other
countries Of the area.
Farm Gains Made
Agricu ltural development,
spurred by government pro-
grams of reclamation. irrigation
and improving farm techniques,
has moved swiftly. For the first
time in history Greece is now
self sufficient in wheat.
Much of Greece'S progress
can be traced not only to an in
dustrlous people and a determi-
nation to develop but to great
quantities of outside aid since
l94S. More than SO billion has
been poured into Greece. Eco
nomic aid alone. almost all
Evening star., 1958-07-04
Greece Pushing Plans
For IndustroIizotion

ATHENS. July 4 (NANA)
The Greeks, like so many ma
tionS working hard to indus
trialize, have fallen in love
with a word borrowed from the
military.
It's "infraStructur t ure." It
means, in the industrial sense,
the complex Of power, COM
, munlcations, transportation,
raw materials and other things
necessary to support industry.
And Greece is getting in
frastructure. Electric power
has more than doubled in two
decades, mostly in the past five
years. Projects now in process
or in planning stages will bring
Greece 21a times its present
electric power output in the
next seven years.
Roads, AirfieldS Built
Exploration has uncovered
large quantities of brown coal
or Ignite. as we'll as iron ore.
Roads, airfieldS, harbors have
been built or improved. Efforts
have been stepped I'd to get the
huge Greek owned shipping
fleets back under the Greek
flag, Into the development
budget which finances these
projects the government is
pouring $80,0O0,0OO a year
$40 per capita in a nation which
has an average per capita in
come Of only $270.
But the industry for which
the "infrastructure" is being
prepared isn't being created
fast enough to suit anybody.
The Greeks have several expla-
nations for it. One is that there
is not enough private capital
for industrial investment. An
other is that planning industry
properly takes time.
Too Many Plans
An American observer has a
different explanation. He says:
THE trouble is that they
can't make up their minds. The
Greeks are good traders but
poor planners. Few people in
government are willing to make
decisions"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-27

WINDOWS, Thsrmepans--h0 win.
dowH. meafufemanla flala lh,a
N94 ~, lrAme folt,,nat W. bfonat
Mr. uul'rnhh, rs Louisiana ave.
Ie&sI.s,en. p ssIl ~ .ss.s0lSaS's 20 W.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-27
APIS. UNFURNIsHED-D. Q.

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-27
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