davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
Satellites Seen Yielding
Space Secrets Quickly

things and also cosmic rays,
ultraviolet and X-rays from
the sun.
One of the most valuable
Soviet studies could be the
Sputnik probings of the ionos-
phere from above. This electri-
fled layer Of air is being an
alyzed by radio waves sent up
from the ground.
The radio probings made
from above could tell more
about the extent and structure
Of the ionosphere. The rela-
lively low radio frequency sig
mails from Sputniks were sub
ject to bending or blocking by
the ionosphere. This made them
less useful than the high United
States frequency for tracking a
satellite accurately. but useful
as atmosphere probes,
United States and British
scientists are analysing the
Sputnik radio beam recordings
to profit from this also.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
|ALABAMIANS HAIL
EXPLORER AS :
|sALABAAA JOB
Rx the Associated Press

~ tlN AooONAobCa ANoo
Launching of the earth
satellite Explorer was hailed
as almost entirely an Ala
bama job" yesterday by q
congressional group from
that State.
They congratulated AL
Of those who had q part
in doing the job that has
meant so much to our ma
tional morale and indeed
to the whole free world"
In a telegram to Maj.
Gen. John B. Medaris,
commander of the Army
Ballistic Missile Agency at
Redstone arsenal, Senator's
Sparkman and Hill and
Representative Jones, all
Democrats, said:
1--WE are delighted with
the successful launching of
the earth satellite using
the Jupiter-C as a We
hicle. We congratulate most
heartily you and all those
associated with you that
developed and produced
this particular missile. We
take great pride that this
represents almost entirely
an Alabama job. :"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

national Geophysical Year
headquarters in Brussels.
This emphasis was taken as
a deliberate needle" for the
Russians, who have been dila-
tory in living up to agreements
to supply ICY headquarters
with information obtained
from their two Sputniks.
Mr.. Eisenhower was receiv-
ing frequent reports at his
week end vacation headquar-
tiers at the Augusta National
Golf Club on progress of
Explorer from the National
Science Foundation.
Wind Upsets GOliing
The President, who new here
yesterday for a week end Of
relaxation at golf and bridge,
plans to fly back to Washing
ton late tomorrow.
Cool brisk winds-the tenn
perature was in the 40s and
the wind was blowing at IS to
80 miles per hour-upset his
golfing plans today, He played
Is holes IN milder weather
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

the baby moon into space.
But he did not single out the
Army for ofiicial praise
Through DR.. Alan Waterman
director of the National Science
Foundation. he sent his personal
congratulations to all those who
have been participating in
Americas earth satellite pro-
gram.
Will Share Data
White House Press Secretary
James c. Hagerty said the
President considers Explorer
IAN American scientific
achievementss rather than an
/ achievement bySany one branch
of the armed forces or the Gov
eminent, and Is quite proud"
Of it.
In all his announcements on
behalf Of the President, Mr..
Hagerty took occasion to stress
that all information received
by radio from Explorer on
what space is like will be re-
layed promptly to the Inter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
BY ALTON L. BLAKESLEE
Associated Press Science Reporter

ASSoClhbeu Frehs 6CienCe nepOIteK
NEW YORK, Feb. 1.-Knowl-
edge of space secrets now
promises to come in a rush
from United States and Soviet
satellites.
Soviet scientists have given
some Of their moons findings.
And a full report on Sputnik i
is said to be on its way to
headquarters of the Interna-
tional Geophysical Year for
sharing with all nations.
Quick disclosures are ex-
pected of some main or unusual
findings by the very young
United States moon.
A few Of its IL meteorite de-
tectors already have been
broken. it was announced. But
it's too early to say whether
meteorite hits old it, or some-
thing else happened on its
flight UP into orbit.
The first few hours Of cosmic
ray measurements show moth
ing unusual, said DR.. Wernher
Won Braun.
Coded radio signals are re-
4 porting on cosmic rays, me-
teorites, and temperatures in
side and on the skin Of the
rod-shaped moon. This code
: was announced to all nations.
Analysis Takes Months
Some gross meanings Of the
signals can be reported quickly
But precise analysis Of the
reams of records being gathered
will take months.
THAT being so, we can't
really fault the Russians for
not saying much about their
Sputniks yet" some United
States satellite experts remark.
The Soviets have said that
space high above the earth APP
pears to have more gaseous
matter in it than was believed.
American scientists, from
careful study Of the Sputnik /
flight, estimate the air at ESQ
mile height to be 40 times
denser than had been thought.
At heights Of l40 miles, it may
be nine times denser.
Denser air would shorten the
previously expected lifetime Of
any moon touching these
heights. And the air density
findings may help explain some
effects of the sun or other
forces affecting life on earth.
Moscow Radio says Sputnik I
had detected changes in the
absolute intensity Of energy on
the magnetic pole. but this was
not amplified. And there were
reports that meteor showers
were less dangerous than had
been assumed.
Data From Dog
The dog in Sputnik II showed
that such an animal. at least,
can survive the blast-oif into
space and a week of weightless-
ness or lack Of gravity. The
dogs blood pressure and
breathing we're recorded.
Sputnik I measured meteor'
: and temperatures, and sent THU
by a code not known to West
ern scientists. Sputnik II radi'
oed information "a both these
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

yesterday afternoon, but got in
only four holes today.
This was the first golf Mr..
Eisenhower had played aside
from practice shots on the
White House south lawn-since
his November Is stroke-like
cerebral occlusion. Mr.. Hagerty
told newsmen he looked fine
afterwards and said he enjoyed
it.
News of the Explorer launch
ing and successful DRIFTING
provided a happy interruption
to the Presidents bridge game
last night.
Elated at Success
From $50 pm. on, he re-
ceived frequent reports on
progress Of plans for launching
the satellite. On a telephone
hoOkup with washington, ne
promptly got the news of the
Jupiter C rocket firing soor
after it happened at 10:48 pm
at Cape Canaveral. Fla.
Then he went back to hi;
bridge game, staying up unit
he received the good news that
the Explorer had gone into
orbit. This word came at 1874
am. today.
That's wonderful" was hi;
elated reaction.
In q statement issued
through Mr.. Hagerty. the Presi-
dent promptly made the first
official announcement of the
fact that the American satellite
was in orbit around the earth
BY pre-arrangement. scien-
fists in Washington then took
over the job of telling the
world details Of the achieve
nent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

LONDON, Feb. / (R.--Tht
successful launching Of Amer
ica's first earth satellite was
greeted today with pleasure and
q sigh of relief in Western Eu-
rope. Some hoped it meant
talks between the East and
West would be brought nearer
The Soviet people were tolc
of the launching by Radio
Moscow. first in q brief factual
account without comment and
later in a congratulatory YES
but" type commentary.
A top Russian scientist, DR.
A. A. Blagonravov, gave the
commentary in q Moscow home
service broadcast. He said the
United States achievement was
a good job. but not quite up tc
Soviet performances.
DR.. Blagonravov said the
rocket carrier used by the
Americans els apparently con-
siderably less powerful than oul
rocket" and that "this small
satellite cannot be as well
equipped as our second satel-
lite"
lone must congratulate them
on the first success achieved
by them" the scientist added,
1T should be said that the
Americans have selected q
most advantageous orbit" he
went on. because the angle OF
the plane of this orbit is very
small as regards the equator
and the equatorial plane Of the
earth. Thus the speed Of ro-
tation Of the earth is being
utilized, and this results in
substantial advantage in re-
spect Of the capacity Of the
rocket.
Orbit Avoids Soviet
"one can only express regret
that Soviet scientists cannot
observe the satellite because
this choice Of orbit does moi
carry the satellite over Soviet
territory at ALL" DR.. Blagon.
ravov said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

people in Europe had expected
the satellite launching sooner
or later-and Sputnik ! and II,
launched in October and NO
vember. had taken the edge OF
The London afternoon pa
pers did not even make it their
major news story. It took Sec
ond place to q hammered story
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

about the finding Of . missing
girls body In . woodland. In
side pages were filed with de-
tails about the American "Ex-
plorer." however.
On the continent most West
ern European papers gave the
satellite story banner head
lines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
Europe Signs in Relief
AT Satellite launching

| He added that cas- compared
with our satellites" the weight
Of the first American satellite
is very small.
For this reason" he con-
tinued. "the rocket which took
up this satellite is appar-
emily considerable less powerful
than our rocket which set on
its orbit our second satellite
weighing over a half a ton, and
which has far from exhausted
its possibilities because SUISSE
quent satellites will be con-
siderably heavier"
The American satellite weighs
500 pounds.
Two Soviet officials congratu-
lated the United States on the
successful launching. One was
a spokesman for the State
Committee on Cultural Rela-
tons with Foreign Countries.
A dispatch relaying his con-
gratulations was held up by the
Moscow censors for three hours
The other was Vitaly Bronsten,
a member Of the staff at the
Moscow PlanetariuIn and q
member Of the Soviet Inter-
national Geophysical Year Com
mittee.
I'VE want to express our sat-
isfaction that the United States
has also been successful in this
field" Mr.. Bronsten said. "Ob-
servations from this satellite
will be Of great value in our
studies of the density Of the
outer atmosphere as well as
studies Of our planet"
Competition Welcomed
A Soviet Foreign Ministry
spokesman reminded western
correspondents in Moscow that
Nikita Khrushchev said last
November Russia welcomed
friendly competition in the
field Of earth satellites rather
than ornaments.
Friends Of America through
out Western Europe and in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

Asia felt relief that they would
not have to hear any more
pointed jokes about previous
repeated failures Of the United
States to get a satellite into
space.
Generally. however, the
American achievement had an
anticlimactic air about it. Most
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
'Sumnik' Is Hailed

BUENOS AIRES, Argentina,
Feb. R.-The English-lan-
guage paper the Herald carried
the story about the United
States Explorer satellite today
under the headline: "At last,
an Uncle Samnik."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02
All Aides Congratulated
By Proud Eisenhower
BY GARRETT d. HORNER
Star stan Writer

s AUGUSTA, Ga. Feb. president Eisenhower today
proudly congratulated all those who helped get Americas
Explorer satellite into orbit and around the earth
The President described quite proud Of this United
States scientific achievement
AS old Army he presumably especially proud
that the Armys Jupter-C rocket that successfully
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-02

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The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
American Korean War 1urncOat
 Is Enroute Home

HONG KONG, R-The return of another American turncoat from Communist China aroused speculation today that more soon would follow.
 LaRance Sullivan said after crossing the border yesterday he wanted to be the first of the three negro turncoats to go home.
 The 27-year-old former Ser geant was dishonorably dischar- ged from the U. s. Army with 20 other Americans who refused repatriation from Communist capture in Forea. Sullivan, of Omaha, Neb., and Santa Barbara, Calif., has been described as the bitterest of the lot.
 "I went to China with the skin and heart of a negro" Sullivan told newsmen. q lived happily with the people in spirit of peace"
 Dressed in a blue suit and look ing healthy, he said the Pei ping government treated him well during four years and two months in China, found him a job as a factory worker in Provincial city and paid him subsidy while he worked there.
 q went to China to work and study and to add my voice to the cause of peace. I did work and study and I was very happy among a soul-stirring people, a peace-loving people, but thought it was time to come home," he said.
 Sullivan said he studied "the International situation which to- day is really in state of hysteria caused by warmongers."
 Sullivan is expected to sail for home Saturday. His exit left II other turncoats in Communist China, two of whom are negroes.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
United States Questions Reliability Of Russia's One-Country Stop Order On Further Hydrogen Bomb Tests

WASHINGTON, R-Thc Uni ted States today questioned the reliability of Russia's one-country stop order on H-bomb tests, and called on the Kremlin to operate in that field in an orderly" manner under the United Ma tionS.
 A State Department statement noted the United Nations recent ly approved overwhelmingly "a comprehensive first-stage dis armament proposal and called on the nations concerned to begin at once technical studies as to how these proposals might be carried out"
 The quick State Department response to today's Moscow an- nouncement said: "The Soviet statement comes on the heels of an intensive series of secret Sow jet tests"
 Those tests themselves, it add ed, should arouse world opinion to the need to deal in an orderly and dependable way with the testing and related aspects of the disarmament problem"
 It said Soviet official propagan- da necessarily seeks to create abroad the image of a peace loving Soviet Government"
 The statement added: ''but that same government openly defies the United Nations with respect to both the substance and the procedure of disarmament"
 That was a reference to the Kremlin action in boycotting the disarmament commission set up by the U. N. General Assembly.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31

MOSCOW, R-The Soviet Un- ion announced today it is halting all hydrogen and atomic weapon tests but warned it will be free t6 resume them if the West does not follow suit.
 A resolution introduced in the Supreme Soviet asked the Cabi- net to take steps to halt the tests but set no date.
 If other countries possessing hydrogen and atomic weapons continue their tests" the resolu- ton said, "the Soviet Govern ment will be free to act in the same manner in the interests of the security of the Soviet Union" :"
 The Parliament unanimously approved a new government an- nounced by Premier Krushchev at the same session.
 Krushchev named Bulganin, the man he supplanted as Pre- mier, head of the Soviet State Bank. He appointed two First Deputy Premiers and four Dep uty Premiers, and reappointed all other Ministers and key execu- tives who had been in the Bull ganin Cabinet.
 Bulganin's job is one he had held in his earlier career. Ii gives him seat in the Council of Ministers but not full Mini Sterial rank.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Pilot Dives DC-6B Airliner To Avert Mid-air Collision

NEW YORK, & III A veteran pilot threw his National Airlines plane into a sudden dive yester- day to avert a collision with a twin-engine plane coming direct ly at him.
 The quick action of Capt. Jack Guthrie, 37, was credited with probably saving the lives of 60 persons.
 Guthrie told authorities he was approaching Idlewild Airport from Miami with 58 persons aboard when he saw the uniden- tified plane coming at him.
 He put the DC-6 into a sud- den, baggage-jarring steep dive for about 100 feet. Some pass engers were thrown out of their seats. Hand luggage fell from the racks. But no panic was re- ported.
 T saw it just in time to get out of the way" Guthrie said later.
 Pilots see airplanes all over the sky all the time Usually you have time for gentle turns or easy descents. This one just hap pened to be so close that it called for rather quick change"
 The near collision occurred in the vicinity of Barnegat Inlet, N. J., 60-odd miles from Idlewild. The point is known as the "Coyle Interchange" where two radio waves-aid to navigation-cross.
 Officials of the Civil Aeronaut- ics authority said they planned no investigation.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Israel and Syria
 Fight on Border

JERUSALEM, R-Israelis and Syrians battled with tanks and mortars on the Syrian Border again today, an Israeli Army spokesman said.
 The spokesman charged Syr- ians opened fire with 12O NM. mortars and tanks at Israeli workers in the disputed Huleh reclamation area. He said Israeli forces returned the fire with tanks and artillery.
 This was the second clash in two days. The two sides fought a 75-minute tank and mortar battle in the same area yesterday. During the past week there had been sporadic small arms skirm- ishes.
 In Cairo, Capital of the United Arab Republic of Egypt and Sy- ria, a military spokesman said U. A. R. Forces will defend the lives of it's subjects, their land and property"
 The Arabs oppose any work on the reclamation project at Huleh because they fear it means the Israelis are solidifying their hold on the sector claimed by Syria.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Shifting Ice Threatens Little America V In The Antarctic

AUCKLAND, New Zealand JAP Little America VA U. s. Ant arctic headquarters and successor of the famed Byrd bases must be abandoned before shifting ice carries it out to sea.
 Rear Adm. George Quick, Commander of Operation Deep Freeze, said a crack already has appeared in the ice behind the Seebee-built camp.
 If the section broke off in win ter no help could be given, Du- fek warned, the camp "could go out to sea on an iceberg"
 AS soon as communications open next spring, he said, the Americans will begin withdraw ing their scientific establishments from Little America and opera tions will be transferred to Me Murdo Sound before next win ter sets in.
 It is the fifth camp to bear the historic Little America name. Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd built the original on his first expedition to the Antarctic, in 1928. He reestablished the base on two later expeditions. The fourth was set up by the Navy operation High Jump in 1946-47.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Canadians Vote Today To Choose Governing Party

TORONTO, R - Canadians went to the polls today for their second National election in nine months, and Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's Conservative Party was generally picked to remain in power with the clearcut ma jority it missed last June.
 Libral Leader Lester B. Pear son waged a strenuous campaign to regain the control of the House of Commons his party held for g years-until the Conservatives squeaked ahead last year. But political experts said there was little chance the Liberals could overcome the odds they faced.
 In Canada, as in Britain, vot- CTS do not ballot for a Prime Min ister but only for a member of Commons from their own district. The Prime Minister is the head of the party which wins major ity-or most of the 265 seats in Parliament's Lower House.
 The Conservatives last June won 113 seats, more than any other party but 20 short of a ma jority. The Liberals had 1O6 seats.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Alaska Airlines
 Pilots Sight Fire Ball Over Canada

JUNEAU R Two Alaska Air lines pilots flying between Ju- neau and Petersburg reported seeing an orange ball of fire flash through the sky about noon Sat urday.
 Pilots Dave Brown and R. K. Gildersleeve, piloting different planes, said the object was very bright and was visible for three or four seconds before it disap- peared to the Northeast.
 The Dominion weather office of Vancouver, B. C. said its met eorologist at Whitehorse in the Yukon reported "meteorite- like object sighted Northwest of Whitehorse about 12:30 pm. PSF Saturday.
 Reports have it that it was observed at Watson Lake, Y. T., Aishihik and a point in Alaska" the meteorologist said. "The ob- ject appeared to be consumed be- fore reaching ground"
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Mary Pickford's Adopted Son Attempts Suicide

SANTA MONICA, Calif., R- Police said marital troubles ap- parently prompted a suicide at tempt by the adopted son of Mary Pickford.
 Ronald Charles Rogers, 21, adopted in 1943 by the former screen star and her husband, Buddy Rogers was reported in fair condition in St. Johns Hos pital.
 Physicians said he took an overdose of sleeping pills and antibiotic capsules.
 The young man, a machinist at Northrop Aircraft Co.,, was found unconscious Saturday in his flaw thorne apartment. Neighbors said he had been Respondent since his wife, Lenore, 22, left him two weeks ago. The couple has two small children.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Reporter Amazed By Excellence of
 White Alice Tone

Nome had an interesting part in the formal opening of the White Alice system last week.
 Mayor Steve Andersen spoke to New York in special three way conversation.
 To prove to a News Week re- porter just how fast the White Alice system works a call was put through from the New York office of Western Electric and the New York office of News Week to Mayor Andersen. The transaction was completed in three minutes and the conver- sation was heard clearly and dis tinctly reported Andersen, to the amazement of the reporter
 Nome's "voice with a smile" is Audrey Rauch who has had nine years experience as long distance operator with the Southeastern Bell Telephone Co. She is the first civilian operator of the full civilian staff of operators being planned stated ACS officer-in- charge Sgt. Jim Blaming.
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
Nome To Ballot
 Tomorrow In Municipal Election

Nome's annual municipal and school board election will be held tomorrow at the City Hall start ing at 8 am. The polls will be open until 6 pm.
 Following is a list of the can didates and the offices for which they aspire: For Mayor:
 Steffen Andersen Wilbur T. Arnold For City Council, 1-year term: Axel T. Edman
 Gordon Osborne For City Council, 2-year term: Fred Cavota
 Keith Hedreen
 Bob Lewis
 J. R. DicD Miller Wallace C. McIver Grant Nelson
 Roscoe J. Wilke For City Clerk:
 Robert F. Scott For City Treasurer: William w. Futile For Nome Light and Power Utility Board:
 William T. Haley For Member School Board: 1-Year Term
 N w. (Willie) Foster 3-Year Term
 Dorothy A. Grant
 L. Earl Towner 5-Year Term
 Roy w. Snyder
The Nome nugget., 1958-03-31
New Volcano Island
 Appears Off Coast of Italy

PALERMO, Sicily, RAA new volcanic island arose in the Med iterranean at dawn Saturday and by noon jutted 450 feet above the sea.
 The Italian Navy reported the tiny island emerged eight miles from Favignana, an island off the west coast of Sicily between Mar sala and Trapani.
 The Navy's last report s7id the volcanic island was still ris.ag.