davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-03

LARGE LIVING ROOM, KITCHEN,
pINETTE. 2 TWIN-SIZE BED
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
The Top 'Tiqer' Is Dead

Whenever the colorful history Of
warfare in the air is discussed there in
variably is a chapter on Claire Chen
nault. For this son of Louisiana cotton
planter, who abandoned teaching high
school in favor of a career in the skies,
contributed much to the techniqueS of
military aviation. And like many others
who fitted the role of pioneers in their
times, his personality and very appear
ance were fully suited to controversy,
courage and action.
Most dramatic of the Chennault ex-
ploitS, of course, was his organization
and leadership of the Flying Tigers
that band of volunteer American airmen
who flew their obSoleScent fighter planes
in defense of China during the Japanese
invasion. Their record was devaS-
tating one as far as the enemy was con-
cerned, and it proved beyond dispute
the effectiveness of the Chennault
theories on formation flying. When the
United States entered the war, the
Tigers became the nucleus of the l4th
Air Force under command of Major
General Chennault.
In the postwar years, Claire Chen
nault stayed on in China-organizing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Two-Woy Ethics

The Securities and Exchange Com
mission has announced that it is adop-
ting code of ethics" The code itself
is just the sort of thing it ought to be-.
1t instructS SEC members to reject eff
forts by the White House, by members Of
Congress and presumably by any other
persons of political influence to pres
sure the commission into any particular
line of action. 1t calls upon the COM
miSSionerS to exhibit a spirit of firm
independence" 1t would prohibit ac-
ceptance of unreasonable or lavish hos
pitality," valuable gifts or favorS from
those who might be affected by COM
mission decisions. And it would just do
away with the impression that ANY per-
son can improperly influence" the
agency, or that "the rank, position, pres
tige or affluence of any other person"
could bear upon an SEC decision.
This is as it should be- And there is
no reason to question the explanatory
remark of Chairman Edward N GadSby
that the new code is "a concrete state
ment of the principles which it (the
seq always has believed applicable"
Unfortunately, the exercise of in
fiuence is two-way proposition. Men,
berS of the So-called independent agen-
cieS are nominated by President and
confirmed by the Senate. 1t would be
naive to think there are no political
implications involved. So perhaps there
should be another code of ethics for
Whate House officials, members of Con-
gress, or persons who are able to work
through these channels, who may be
tempted to ask special consideration of
agency commissioners. If "codes" are
necessary to insure genuine govern
mental objectivity, they should be bind
ing upon both sides of the governmental
street.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Peace by Force

The United States is now
engaged in bringing Eisen-
hover or democratic" peace
to the country of Lebanon;
the French and the British
are doing likewise in Algeria
and Cyprus respectively. We
also have Eisenhower peace
in Little Rock. and un-
doubtedly will get a dose Of
the same in Virginia this fall.
Venezuela almost got some
of this Eisenhower peace, but
unfortunately for it, Vice
President Nixon left before
the Marines arrived. If we
only had enough Marines
and air-borne troops, and
could move them quickly
enough. we not only could
bring peace to all of South
and Central America so that
on Nixon's next trip he could
be afforded a peaceful recep-
ton, but we could bring
peace to practically every
country in the world. all of
whom yearn fervently, I'M
doubtedly. for bigger and
better Eisenhower peace mis-
slons undertaken by Marines
and air-borne troops.
Observer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30

In 1889 Poland lost her
freedom. In 1910 Estonia.
Latvia, Lithuania we're occu-
pied by the Soviet Army and
ever since many other indie
pendent nations have suf-
fered the same fate. These
small nations we're left alone
by the Western world for an
initiation and deportation
by the Soviets.
A new process has begun.
In sending U. S. troops to
Lebanon after receiving their
SOS we have certainly come
to realize that the only Ian
guage the Kremlin under
stands is that of force, and
that. failing the use or the
threat Of force, the Commu-
nists would not withdraw.
Instead. they will "nibble"
the independent countries
bit by bit.
Let us hope that Gods
justice will help to bring in
dependence for the Poles.
Estonians. Latvians. Lithu-
anians, Hungarians, etc., and
the long years of the Rus
sian terrorism will soon end
for them. Sarepera.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Trouble in Paradise

Enviably visible through or across
their deity trimmed hedges, the Ma
tons more exclusive country clubs
frequently have the aspect of Paradise.
Spacious, uncrowded, greenly in
viting, they would appear to be the
quinteSSence of good fellowship, sports
manShip, the true family of-man spirit.
But let us take sorrowful look at them
through the eyes of William W. Yacht,
go, and his eliminates at Pines Ridge,
fashionable center of golf near OsSining,
New York
Mr.. Yacht has taken his case
against Pines Ridge to court, and what
a case it is! Mr.. Yachts golf handicap,
a grave matter although not so grave
as many others this summer, has been
reduced from "a to 90. This is the work
of a golf committee which is suspicious
that there is something too remark
able" in the difference between Mr.
Yachts tournament scores and his reg
ular totals. In tournaments, which he
wins quite regularly he plays well below
his normal "a handicap.
The question the court is asked to
decide, if it should decide to bother is
whether this is mere coincidence, care
full advance planning on Mr.. Yachts
part, or evidence of doughty competi
tive spirit. 1t could be the latter, we
think, especially on the part of man
competitive enough to take his golf
handicap to court.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Invitation to Lobby

The Senate Appropriations Com
mittee has inserted provision in the
Defense appropriation bill that amounts
to an open invitation to Army, Navy and
Air Force lobbyists to continue their
interService pickering. The legislative
sleeper" would give all but 100000 of
So million-odd Legislative liaison"
fund to the three services, leaving the
Defense Department itself severely re-
Stricted in legislative activities. The
limitation is not only unrealiStic but
runs counter to the Presidents Defense
reorganization plan for service unity.
There was no such restriction on
the liaiSon fund when it passed the
House, although the House did reduce
the requested amount from SGT million
to So million. Under the House bill, the
money could be apportioned among the
services as deemed advisable by the
President and the Secretary of Defense.
But the plan, under the presidential
reorganization scheme, was for the
Defense Secretary to control the liai-
son activities of the respective branches
in way designed to end rivalry and
controversy.
President Eisenhower put his finger
on the Legislative liaison" money as "a
principal outlet for service rivalries."
He told Congress in his reorganization
message that he did not want defense
dollars spent in publicity and influence
campaigns in which each service claims
superiority over the others and strives
for increased appropriations or other
congressional favorS." That argument
against uncontrolled service lobbying is
eminently sound. The Senate ought to
kill any provision that would open the
gates to such tactics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Shaken Alliance

The statement which has been
issued following the meeting In London
between Secretary Dulles and the re-
naming active members OF the Baghdad
pact-Britain. Iran, Turkey and Paki-
stan-refiects the severity OF the blow
inflicted upon this alliance by the up
heaval In Iraq
While the revolutionary regime In
Iraq has not formally withdrawn from
the pact, It still may do so. And In any
event 1t Is most unlikely that the new
Iraqi government will contribute any
thing Of consequence TO the stronger
defensive posture which the Baghdad
pact was supposed to create.
So the four remaining members,
with the United States standing by, are
making the best of what for them is a
bad business. The base in the Arab
world-Iraq-is gone. But the four re-
naming members have reaffirmed their
determination TO maintain their collec-
tive security and to resist aggression,
direct or indirect" Mr.. Dulles, although
the United States is not pact member,
has gone quite far in underwriting this
determination.
He told the pact members, accord
ing to secondhand reports Of his re-
marks, that the United States would act,
even at great risk, to safeguard their
independence and integrity against any
threats. He also pledged that the United
States will promptly enter into agree
mentS" to give effect to the resolve Of
the member nations to protect them
selves.
There is, of course, certain vague
ness about all this. If Mr. Dulles has
made any firm, specific commitments,
they do not appear on the face of the
statement. Nor is there anything in the
statement to define the scope of the
great risk" to which Mr.. Dulles alluded.
1t would be well, however, for the
rest Of the world to assume that the
language is meaningful. Turkey, Iran
and Pakistan form a geographical bar
rier to a Soviet plunge into the Middle
East Our Government considers their
independence to be vital to our own in
terestS, and it is not to be supposed that
the United States would let them go
down the drain without determined
effort to prevent 1t.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Gov. Foubus Wins

For the first time In more than half
a century an Arkansas Governor has
been nominated by the Democrats for
third term. And there was nothing
close or fiukey about it. Governor Fau-
bus gathered in some 10 per cent Of the
votes as he swept to victory.
In a post-election statement, the
Governor attributed his triumph to the
illegal" intervention by Federal troops
In the Little Rock school crisis We do
not think the intervention was illegal
But there is not the slightest doubt that
1t was bitterly resented in Arkansas,
and that this resentment set the stage
for the Faubus triumph.
What are the reasonable differences?
One is that indignation can be imposed
on community If enough force is used
Another is that the use of force in the
form Of armed troops tends to defeat
the basic purpose of integration-to
improve educational opportunities for
colored children. The experience in
Little Rock indicates that indignation
imposed by troops against the will of the
people is more likely to impair educa-
tional opportunities for both colored
and white children.
Arkansas, it must be remembered,
had accepted some indignation in its
schools. And even in Little Rock senti-
ment was not supposed to be massively
against 1t. But when the Governor used
the National Guard to prevent integra-
ton, and when the President then sent
in Federal troops to impose it, all hope
for moderation went out the window.
What can be expected to happen in
similar situation in the Deep South is
enough to make one Shudder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30

single lane and would need a
minimum of lights to ensure
the entry of cars at any point.
There are undoubtedly OBJ
jections in the way of sewers,
and so forth. but they may
not be insurmountable and
the idea is something the
Highway Department might
play with.
George ID. WatrOus, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
Ground to Air

The Chantilly Airport Co
ordinating Committee for
Loudoun has as its major
purpose the attainment of an
adequate access road con-
Meeting the new Chantilly
washington International
Airport with U. S. Routes z. 9
and is.
We feel that existing in
adequate highways will, upon
completion of the airport,
become so congeSted that a
new highway will become
imperative. Realizing that
the advent of the airport will
cause land prices to increase
in value, we believe that the
time to act is now before the
land prices rise higher and
while other similar construc-
ton is in progress.
While it is true that the
larger proportion of the traf-
f1c to the airport will come
from the District of Column
bia side. it is equally true
that an appreciable portion
will come from the other
side"
We would appreciate your
comments and assistance in
bringing to the attention of
Secretary Weeks and the
Civil Aeronautics Admins
tration the problem existing
on the Loudoun side of the
airport in regards to ade-
quate access.
Thomas w. DiZerega,
Executive Secretary
Chantilly Airport
Coordinating Committee
for Loudoun.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
A-Bomb initiative

There is a prevailing opin-
ion frequently voiced that in
order to safeguard peace one
must resort to nuclear deter
rents. and that peace among
men can be maintained
through superiority in the
production Of the means of
war Are we not only deceiv-
ing ourselves when we adopt
so-called "expedient" policies
Of imagined strength" which
bring but fear and distrust
to international life? We
would do we'll to remember
in this connection E. B.
Whites remark that "the
bomb has given us a few
years of grace without war,
and now it offers us a few
millenniums Of oblivion"
1t is time that citizens all
over the world and particu-
larry those of the nuclear ma
tons should begin to reflect
and to resolve the dilemma
in a moral and human way.
In 1852, when the contro-
versy on archaeological war
fare was boiling, the Fedora
ton of American Scientists
denied the charges that BW
weapons had been used by
the UN forces in Korea, and
put the issue squarely as fol-
lows: THE question raised
in the worlds mind is not so
much whether we did use
BW in Korea, but whether we
are in fact prepared and
willing to use it in the flu
ture."
The question in the case of
nuclear warfare is the same.
1t is not the question as to
who might in future become
guilty of starting a nuclear
war: The responsibility and
guilt for this unimaginable
holocaust lie right now and
here on the shoulders of
everyone and every nation
which produces and possesses
the bombs and which con-
ducts its policies accordingly.
The bombs and missiles and
the air bases have become a
challenge to our conscience
and to our sense of mercy.
There is an alternative
way, a nonviolent policy of
reconciliation. of co-opera-
ton and mutual aid; it was
practiced by men like Gan
dhi, and in more recent years
of Middle East conflict by
Ralph Bunche, and it was in
corporated in our Point Four
program, not to mention the
projects carried out by nom
governmental agencies. 1t is
up to us to take the initiative
instead of waiting for others
to do better.
Herbert Jehle.
Lincoln, Nebr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Public Puts Heot on Weother Bureau
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

after extensive study the
special projects group re-
ports: No observational evi-
dence or theoretical reasons
have been found for believ-
ing that any changes in the
electrical conductivity OF the
air win lead 10 any directly
observable changes In the
weather other than the pos
sibility OF decreasing the
amount Of lightning.
1T may be argued" says
a recent report. that the
weather Is being modified by
A-bomb tests In spite OF our
finding no theoretical rea-
son. II Is necessary 10 in
spect climatic records 10 de-
tect any changes that may
reasonably be connected with
the Nevada bomb tests.
The climatic element most
often cited as having been
changed Is the frequency Of
tornadoes. The number Of
tornadoes reported In 1858
exceeded the previous an
nual total by more than 200.
An examination of weather
patterns for the spring
months Of 1853 indicates
that the year had many fea-
lures In common with several
previous years Of unusual
tornado activity, and 1t is
probable that these patterns
contributed TO making this
an unusual tornado year."
SkepticaI Of Increase
Actually. the group be-
lieves. there may have been
no actual increase in lorna
does-simply more we're re-
ported. owing TO better or
ganization Of the reporting
system. The loss of life in
1858 was exceeded on several
occasions before 1850. Total
damage, 1t is true. was the
highest ever recorded, ap-
proximately 1924 million, but
this was due largely to the
fact that several Of the
storms hit exceptionally val
liable property.
Although it is not pos
sible TO prove" the report
says. that atomic explosions
have or have not influenced
weather, 1t is believed our
study has shown such an
effect unlikely.
mo theoretical reason has
been found for believing that
any Of the mechanisms ex-
amined could account for a
significant change more than
a few miles from the site of
the explosion"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Rats liked shelter, too, and
discovered that a barn and
even a house enabled them to
live better than outdoors.
All this time, people were
trying to get rid of them.
They drove them out of their
houses and barns, and the
clever animals retired to the
sewers. where they lived
comfortably enough. being
rats and not people.
Just because we must not
play with rats, because they
carry disease germs, is nc
reason why we should nov
realize they are intelligent.
A rat is smart.
People who investigate
such things say rats are
smart as anything. able to
avoid traps and people.
So we must never under
rate the intelligence Of these
animals. II we do, we play
right into their paws.
We don't want to play into
their paws, Of course, because
mother is right: they are
dirty creatures and we must
stay away from them.
A rat around a yard is a
rat trying to get into your
house. and this is not nice
at all.
The best thing for a little
boy is to leave the rats TO
older people. who will some
how manage to get rid Of
them, everybody hopes, be-
cause they are dangerous, as
mother says.
Now about that smile.
II you thought the rat
smiled at you, 1t shows you
have a kind heart. Really,
the rat didn't smile at all.
Rats don't know how to smile.
He just had his mouth full
of bread, and that probably
makes a rat come very near
TO smiling.
We think your mother
would do well to get you a
puppy dog. Dogs can really
smile. and they love rats, too.
They love TO chase them.
Feeding a dog Is q great
deal of fun. A puppy is
more exciting than a rat,
and you can take him into
the house with you and
mother will not object too
much, we hope.
After you have had a dog
for while, you will see what
he thinks Of rats, and then
you will forget about them
as possible pets.
Then you will agree with
your dog that a rat is Just
something TO chase away.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30

Some Weather Bureau cor
respondents, convinced that
atom bomb explosions In
some way are changing the
world weather pattern. cite
the enormous amount Of heat
energy projected into the
atmosphere by such a blast.
This actually might have
some effect-if there were
enough OF it-although Just
what course II might take Is
quite conjectural.
The weather Bureaus
Special Projects Section,
assigned the Job OF investi-
eating all possible connec-
tons between bombs and
weather. finds. however. that
the total Of this energy is
extremely small relative 20
the energy from other
sources affecting the atmos-
phere.
Nature Bombs Us. Too
For example. they report.
the heat energy falling from
the sun on q square mile Of
Nevada on an average spring
day is equivalent TO that of
two ordinary bombs. The en-
ergy released by condensa-
ton Of water in a typical
thunderstorm is equivalent
TO that Of Is bombs.
Many meteorologists be-
lieve that the amount Of sun
shine reaching the ground
can be reduced greatly by
introducing a cloud of fine
dust into the upper atmos-
phere. This would bring
about a considerable reduc-
ton in temperature every
where. There has been one
notable example - explosion
of the Krakatoa volcano in
the Dutch East Indies in
1888. This was the greatest
volcanic eruption known in
history. 1t threw several Gu
bic miles of debris into the
air and there was a marked
reduction in temperature
everywhere. But no bomb ex-
plosion produces anything APP
preaching this amount of
debris.
What about the altera-
ton Of the electrical conduc-
tivity of the atmosphere by
the large numbers of radio
active particles from a bomb
explosion" ask the Weather
Bureaus correspondents.
This might have a direct
effect in lightning production
and perhaps several other
phenomena. as well as serv-
ing as a trigger for great and
as yet unknown effects. But
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
military Road Plan

AS I lay awake last night
l thought about the proposed
widening Of Military road
eastward from its intersec-
ton with Nebraska avenue,
and the Understandable OBJ
Jections of the property own
ers in the vicinity.
That intersection has been
a problem for some years.
and will become a very seri-
GUS one when the new road
and bridge over Rock Greek
are opened to the public, and
it does not seem to me that
any amount of widening will
solve it.
AS am not an engineer,
I am not familiar with the
traffic loads at the intersec-
ton, construction costs, or
what is justifiable expense
in the solution of the prob
lem. Bearing these limita-
tons in mind the following
occurred to me as a posi-
bility:
/. Have an underpass in
the line of Military road for
through traffic. This might
start along about 3Oth Place.
There might be side roads
starting at the same point
and joining above the under
pass for turning traffic.
2. In addition have a sec
ond underpass in the line of
Nebraska avenue for through
traffic only. This pass to be
above the one in line of
Military road. Again there
would be sideroads joining
above it for turning traffic.
3. Above both underpasses
and at the present ground
level have a rotary for all en-
tering and leaving traffic
other than that on the Mill
tary road and Nebraska ave-
nue. underpsSses. This rotary
would perhaps have to have a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-07-30
MOUNT PLEASANT

MOUNT PLEASANT.
Dear Sir:
II would like TO know
about rats.
Are they bad beasts, or
what?
There is one in our yard.
I like to see him, but my
mother says he is dangerous.
He does not look danger
Gus.
"One day he even seemed
to smile at me. but nv
mother said he couldn't
smile, and she said he is
dirty.
Il did not see any dirt on
him.
When nobody is looking.
I put out bread for him, and
l guess he gets it. because the
next day it is all gone.
MY mother says if she
catches me wasting her
bread. she will teach me
something about rats.
Your friend, JOHNNY H.,
10 years old"
There are much better pets
than rats, Johnny.
Your mother is, of course,
right
Mothers are always right,
aren't they?
The rat is really a dirty
creature. covered with germ
life. much Of it inimical to
man. This means that the
germs he carries can give you
a terrible disease.
So we don't play with rats
any more.
At one time, human peo-
pie didn't know about this.
They thought that they
could only bite you.
Then a man wrote a big
book about Lice. Rats and
History" or some sucn title.
and told readers that the
lice had germs on them, then
got on rats. and the germs
transferred to the rats.
Then the rats, If they bit
anybody, gave the sufferer
some terrible fever.
1t was discovered that the
great plaques of the Middle
Ages-this was a long, long
time ago-were caused by the
rats. but nobody knew 1t
then.
$50
Rats climbed aboard sail
ing vessels. and came to
America. and then Jumped
ship" to become pioneers. as
we say.
They finally managed to
get all over America. in one
way or another. and found
our grain supplies to their
liking.