davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Continued From Poge ]


Room preparing hypo needles
for sterilization.
JANGOS concede that there's
a lot of work around a hospital
that is not pleasant. Chalking
I'D 100 hours so they can be
capped is a lot of work-and
very tiring-but JANGOS like
their duty.
I'VE get to watch an opera
ton" explained Marsha She'll
hart of Falls Church High.
Mrs. John Chairman. out
going guild chairman and now
senior advisor Of the JANGOS
at Doctors Hospital. said she
runs up and down the line Of
JANGOS in the balcony of the
amphitheater during an opera
ton putting smelling salts I'M
der noses.
But Marsha is one teen-ager
who didn't need it. 81 want to
be an obstetrical nurse" she
said. when I watched a Cae-
sarian I watched it with bin
oculars."
Operations may be Marsha's
favorite activity, but JANGOS
also have favorite floors. Vicki
Bell, 15-year-old Hammond
High student, says one of the
favorite floors is the fifth.
That's where the babies
are" she said. I'VE aren't al
lowed to take care of the ba-
bies, only dress them when
they go home. We can't give
medicine to patients, either. or
shots. We can't give men baths
or take pulses or work n the
operating room or the de rery
room, but we can do every
thing else"
Anne Nichols, a ninth grader
at O'Connell Catholic High in
Arlington and the daughter Of
a Coast Guard commander,
said she got in the JANGOS to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Teen-Agers Work
As Hospital Aides

find out what nursing was like.
And I'm finding out" she
said. I'VE help admit patients,
answer their calls, take their
food orders, check items on
their trays. comb their hair
and give them baths and rub
downs"
Speaking of baths" chimed
in Alexis Perry of Falls Church
High, when we were learning
baths I gave one bath and got
three in class. One JANGO
got mad, cause I left soap on
her back and she broke out.
That prepared me for picky
patients"
In the last IL months, JAM
Cos worked more than 10000
hours at Doctors Hospital.
They work mostly on Saturday,
Sundays and holidays because
of school duties. They excel
in getting to work, even though
one JANGO lives in Waldorf.
Md. Snow storms didn't keep
them at home, either, although
five JANGOS got snowbound
at Doctors Hospital.
Sui Shepherd, a 15-year-old
Army colonel's daughter who
wants to be a doctor. and Mar
sha Shellhart were among the
five.
I'VE slept in the classroom
and put our hair up on paper
clips until we talked a nurse
out of 18 hair pins. We also
worked 10 hours each day."
Suzi said. 1T was fun"
But what is more fun, and
the JANGOS seem to agree on
this. is the kick they get out /
of helping people,, Patients
seem to appreciate US because
they say we're cheerful" Alexis
Perry said. "One patient, after
she went home, got my phone
number and called my home.
She thanked my mother for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24
DRIVE For A CONTINENT
The Soviets Are Making Desperate P!oy for Africo

country summary on Red activities
in Africa:
EGYPT Touring the first 10
months Of 1857 the Soviet Union
was Egypt'S main trading partner,
China was second and Czechoslo-
vakia third Col. Nasser has
allowed himself to be misled into
believing that he can pursue a
course of accepting Communist
help without falling under Com
munist control.
The Afro-ASian Conference Gin
Cairo over the year-end) has per-
haps done more than any other
single event to show him the
dangers into which he is run
ming.
Premier Bulganin wrote Col.
NaSSer of the Soviet governments
sincere satisfaction with the
conference and his warm SYM
pathy" for its plan of action.
President Nasser had planned to
make speech before the confer
ence but Cancelled his plans. 1T
seems probable" the NATO re-
port states, that he has recog-
nized the real motive behind Com
munist offers of friendship. 1t may
also be that he will find more diff
flculty in dissociating Egypt from
Communist tentacles than he ex-
pected.'
SUDAN-Chinese and Soviet
overtures for trade and economic
aid, to give the Sudan a market
for its cotton, have not yet been
answered by the Sudanese govern
ment. Communism is illegal in the
Sudan. so Red groups operate as
the "Anti-ImperialiSt Front" an
organization Of intellectuals CEN
tering around Khartoum Univer-
Sity students.
The fronts president, Abdel
Khalg Mahgoub. applied in Au-
gust. 1857. to form a legal Com
munist Party but was refused per-
mission. Said Sallam, a member
of the fronts Central Committee,
is president of the Sudanese Trade
Union Federation. Sudanese
peace partisans' held their first
congress in 1857; the Secretary
General Of the Sudanese- Soviet
Friendship Society visited Mos
COW last October; the S.000-mem-
Der Union of Sudanese Women
and the 27-chapter Union of Su-
danese Youth are associated with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

people Of diSapproval Of govern
ment policy, and as an emotional
reaction over the explosive Cyprus
dispute. Nevertheless, the vote was
there.
How did the Communists do
it? Informed sources in Greece
say they did it by stealing leaf
from the American textbook on
political organization-the kind
Of organization built up by the
Pendergast machine in Kansas
City, the Crump machine in
Memphis, and the old Tammany
machine in New York City.
The Communists have head
quarters in every ward" in the
cities and towns. They work at
the job Of influencing voters. If
someone needs a small loan, or
help in getting a job, there al
ways is a sympathetic hearing at
headquarters. If someone in the
family is i'll, a party worker drops
around to see if he can be of
help. They work at their job of
drawing Greece into the Commu-
mist sphere of influence.
On the other side there is no
such controlled and dedicated
party work. And while the vote in
Greece doesn't mean there was
an increase in the number of Com
munists-it does mean there was
a substantial increase in the num-
Der Of people influenced by the
Communists. And that's what the
party wants to achieve-influenc
It's a strange and sad COM
mentary on our times, but in
very few of the countries which
visited was the political group
in power working as hard for
the cause of freedom as the Com
munists were working to enslave
the people.
1t is apparent that one of the
major difficulties in this struggle
is that the Communists have
succeeded in destroying the mean
ing of words for millions of peo-
pie. A country unwillingly shared
in the Communist net-and kept
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

and why-but then conveniently
forgot it.
Meantime, the Communists
continually drum on the theme
that there is an ''imperialist" mo-
tive behind the aid program, and
that it is tainted with colonial
ISM"
On the propaganda front, the
American effort does not match
the Communist propaganda in
high-level direction, drum-beat
repetition, and delivery to the
grass roots-even if it means
Handkerchief pamphlets.
The Communists propaganda is
based on very simple theme
that the Communists are the
champions of peace and "the peo-
pie" offering hope and protection
to millions frustrated and OPP
pressed by capitalism. The basic
theme is always there, repeated by
the hour. day, week and month.
Always the Americans are the
"imperialists." the war mongers,"
and "gangsters."
Many American propaganda ex-
pertS believe that the American
effort should be tied more closely
to the White House and that the
countries receiving American aid
should be required to cooperate in
seeing that the story gets to the
people.
The Communists know what the
American advertising man has
known for years-that a story
must be repeated again and again
to be lodged in the minds of the
masses. Yet this technique is not
being used abroad by the United
States and as result, compare
lively few people know the story
of Americas 70-billion dollar aid
program.
Despite the gloomy state of af-
fairs from the Middle East to the
Far East Japan, South Korea and
Wet Nam excepted, there runs
the persistent hope that somehow
the West will ''muddle through
and that free men will not submit
to political slavery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

1.-THE fact that Moot has osten-
sibly abandoned his Communist
connections and is working with
mont Communists may be the start
of united front tactics" in the re-
gion. the NATO report speculates.
MADAGASCAR - Communists
were successful in municipal cleo
tons there in 1856 and in pro-
vincial elections last year. Diego
Suarez, the naval base in the
north of the island, has a Com
munist mayor.
TUNISIA-CommuniSts are ex-
plotting French unisian differ
ences. The Tunisian Communist
Party is strongest in the mining
areas, NATO reports. and there
are "flourishing links" with Com
munist front organizations.
MOROCCO-Co Communism Sup
ports" the nationalist Istiqlal
Party! which is the base for the
Moroccan national administra-
ton. The Communist Party calls
for the withdrawal of the French
army and the liquidation of the
five United States Air Force
bases there.
LIBYA-A Soviet offer Of eco
nomic aid in 1856 was refused
by the Libyan government. The
NATO report refers to Soviet aid
supposed to have reached Libya
last November" but says little
enough is known" about it. The
Tripoli Port Workers Union was
under Red control until June
1858 and a comeback bid is
anticipated.
In all these countries the Reds
press the same theme. "commu-
nism in our time" according to
the NATO report. The Cairo con-
ference of Afro-Asian delegates
was told it had no need for West
ern aid, "all the financial and
capital resources they required
were within their reach" One
Of the Soviet delegates, NJ. A. A.
Arzumanyan, pointed to the
means:
You have one way to ac-
cumulate capital-by taking it
from the colonial profiteers in
your countries. We remember the
experience Of Egypt in nationaliz-
ing the Suez Canal and using the
profits for Egypt"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24
Refugees in Reverse:
Canadians to Siberia

has been practicing civil disobedi.
ence and terrorism for decades,
contend that 5000 Doukhobors are
eager to start life anew in Siberia.
The parents and grandparents Of
these people emigrated from
Russia to Canada in the last CEN
fury to escape persecution by the
tSars.
The Canadian government has
answered the Doukhobor state.
ment with an offer Of free trans
portation to Russia. Most of them
are in British Columbia.
The Canadian government has
not been officially advised by the
Soviet government that the Douk-
hobors will be accepted as immi-
grants. The only basis for belief
that the migration will be per-
mitted is the statements of the
Doukhobors themselves, and the
assumption that the Kremlin is
eager to make propaganda out Of
granting sanctuary to these "refu-
gees from Western oppression
Last spring the Sons Of Freedom
leader, William Moojelsky, and
two Of the sect's elders Travelled
to Russia, ostensibly to arrange
for the migration. They returned
with glowing accounts Of their re-
ception and Russian promises, but
did not deny report that the
Russians refused to exempt the
Doukhobors from military service
"a concession the Canadian gov
eminent made to them in 1898.
To most Canadians, the proposed
migration seems as suicidal for
Doukhobor aspirations as the
swim to sea by migrating Arctic
lemmings-and about as difficult
to understand. Doukhobors are
pacificists, anti-militarists, and
anarchists in the sense that they
do not willingly submit to any law
or authority but that of God.
Nevertheless, the great majority
Of observation-disclosures formally
as members of the Union Of the
Spiritual Communities Of Christ
are relatively law-abiding. But
those who call themselves Sons Of
Freedom. numbering about $500,
have a record of terrorism and
other anti-social activities which
has pretty well destroyed hope
that they can be assimilated in
the Canadian community.
Their favorite method of ex-
pressing resentment of authority
is to strip naked in public-both
sexes, from children to grand
parents. This is how they protest
against taxes, compulsory educa-
ton and health laws, and how
they get publicity. Arson is an
other weapon. They have burned
so many schools. and fought edu-
cation laws with such implacabls
purpose. that the provincial au-
thorities separated children and
parents by force and placed the
former in a wire-enclosed school.
Members of the sect also burn
one another's homes, in the be.
lief that this cleanses them OF
materialism. They have a long
record Of blowing up railway
tracks and. power lines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24
Indian Communists
Facing Breakdown

officials. including Deputy Food
Minister Thomas, have made on
the-spot studies. Congress Party
President Dhebar plans to visit
Kerala by August-end. New Delhi
has now nearly doubled its in
telligence staff in Kerala.
Open determinations are now
taking place between central gov
eminent leaders and the Com
munistS. At his press conference
last week, Mr.. Nehru emphatically
stated that the Communists were
largely responsible" for creating
the present sense of insecurity in
Kerala. He pointed out that MUIR
ders, brutal in the extreme" and
"horrifying," had been committed
there for political purposes"
What was happening in Kerala,
said Mr.. Nehru, was pretty bad"
and he was distressed" about it.
Mr.. Nehru has suggested a
thorough and impartial probe"
into the recent events in Kerala.
This has perturbed the Commu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

world Communist declarations.
At the World Federation of
Trade Unions congress in Leipzig,
the Secretary General of the SUI
danese Trade Union Federation
was elected one of 10 vice chair
men. This man, Ahmed ell Sheikh
Shaf1e, reported to the WITH on
financial assistance given by the
international Workers Solidarity
Fund to such projects as: "Soli-
darity Week for the Algerian
Workers." assistance to the Egyp-
tan people in 1856; and the
struggle for independence" in
Syria. Lebanon. TuniSia, Sudan
and Cyprus.
GHANA - Communist propa-
ganda still beats the horse of
British and American colonialism.
1t stresses that Britain did not
voluntarily hand over independ-
ence but that it came about after
"a long and bitter struggle"
One Red economic journal put
it this way: "Colonialism still has
deep roots in the economy of
Ghana. The richest national re-
sources of the country are in the
hands of foreign monopolies. Gold
mining is carried on by Ashanti
Goldfields and other British COM
panieS; manganese ore is con-
trolled by the American group
Union Carbide and Carbon For
eign firms, mainly British. pre-
dominate in Ghanas foreign
trade. Therefore. economic lib
Grafton is one Of the most compli-
Gated but also the most urgent
tasks for the immediate future of
Ghana." Professor Potekhin per-
Sonally visited the new Ghana
state and publicly expressed the
Soviet governments "extraordi-
nary interest in Ghana in partic-
ular and Africa in general"
Soviet trade missions have ex-
pressed interest in buying Ghana's
cocoa and other products. But the
Comm tiled International
Union of Students failed to win
over the Ghana student element,
the NATO reports says.
NIGERIA-Britain is moving
Nigeria toward complete self
government; new elections for a
Federal Parliament are expected
in late 1859; if these 60 well a
date when independence viii be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

granted may be set in 1860. The
Reds denounce, Britain "for delay
ing the independence of Nigeria"
and Moslem rulers of Northern
Nigeria for "the unco-operative
attitude of the feudalists." Large
quantities of Communist books
and phamplets are being sent to
Nigeria, NATO reports.
In other British territories Of
eastern and tropical Africa COM
munism has not yet become a real
factor" according to the NATO
analysis, but Egyptian infiam-
matory propaganda to East Africa
clearly serves Soviet ends"
FRENCH WEST AFRICA-Af-
ricanS trained by the Communist
controlled Confederation Generate
du Travail are prominent in key
trade union positions throughout
the area, says NATO. Nearly all
unions of French West Africa last
year joined a single General
Union of Workers of Black AZ
RIGA" The Secretary General of
the Trade Union Federation of
French Sudan, a former vice presi-
dent of the WITH, is one of the
leaders Of the Black Africa group.
FRENCH CAMEROONS-
L'Union DIES Populations du Came
roun CUPC) is a Communist
supported movement which en-
cages in terrorism and intimida-
tion." NATO says. 1t was outlawed
in July 1855 for causing armed dis
turbances but still operates clan
destinely. The most representative
trade union organization in the
French Cameroons is a WITH af-
filiate, the report states. Delegates
from the Cameroons also turn up
at international Communist front
meetings. "One of the most in
fiuential Communist leaders in At
RIGA is Jacques N Com. Secretary
General of the Cameroons Trade
Union Federation.
FRENCH EQUATORIAL AZ
RICA-L Union Democratique de
Defense DIES Interets Africans is
a new political grouping in which
Kikhounga Moot plays leading
role. He is the former Secretary
General of the affiliated
trade unions in the Nairi Region
Of the Middle Congo, member Of
the World Peace Council and the
General Council Of the WITH.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24
BY NARANJAN SINGH UPPAL
special Writer for The Star

NEW DELHI.--Indian Commu-
nists find themselves in the dock
and public wrath is rapidly
mounting against them. Unless
the Communists retrace their
steps or change their tactics. they
face the threat of a breakdown by
Prime Minister Nehru's govern
ment.
The trouble spot is Kerala, a
state on midas southwestern tip.
There the Communists have been
running the government for the
last 16 months after having got a
working majority of SIS in the 1877
member state assembly during the
general elections.
Upon assuming Office. Kerala
Chief Minister Namboodiripad
pledged to keep up democratic
traditions and cooperate with the
central government. Alloy Ghosh,
general secretary of the Commu-
mist Party of India, declared they
would function within -four cor
ners Of the Indian Constitution"
and respect the opposition's rights.
Political Coses Dropped
But. soon afterwards, the Nam
boodiripad Ministry sought to
make the state safe for Indian
communism. 1t withdrew 500 cases
pending against Communists and
committed death sentences passed
on party men. officers. who ar
rested Communists, were. either
transferred or suspended. Some
hotheaded Ministry supporters
resorted to intimidation to wrest
control of organized industrial la
Dor from the hands of the Revolu-
tionary Socialist Party and the
Indian National Trade Union Con-
gress.
In this attempted conversion
by coercion, the Communists have
encountered organized resistance
of the combined forces of the OPP
position. As result, things are
now being made hot for the Com
munist Ministry. Anti-government
demonstrations are order of the
day. The students and workers,
whom the Communists always re-
garded as their main props, are
turning themselves upon the Min
istry. The recent student agita-
ton, which began over boat fare
concessions affecting only IS stu
dents, assumed the proportion Of
5000 arrests within two months.
Near Trivandrum, the state CAPT.
tai, the police had to open fire
to control workers in a cashewnut
factory. Throughout the state,
there have been strikes, closure
of business, and picketing of
schools and colleges, boat jetties,
motor transport and government
Offices. An Anti-Repression Day"
was celebrated in the state this
month.
Some questions Asked
The central government is TAX
ing a serious view of this unrest.
1t asked Kerala Gov. RamakriShua
Rao to visit New Delhi and sub
NIT f1rst-hand report. He held
a series of discussions with MI.
Nehru and Home Minister Pant.
Several other central government
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

niSts. Alloy Ghosh says the ques-
ton of any such inquiry does not
arise. Mr.. Namboodiripad said:
I'VE want to know under what
provisions of the constitution and
under what circumstances the in
quiry is being suggested"
On the Kerala situation, the
Communists themselves are de
vioed. While Mr.. DANCE, leader
of the Communist group in Parlia-
ment, has condemned the police
firing, the Kerala state Com
munist Party has approved it. In
order to placate the opposition,
Mr.. DANCE invited the RSP and
the PSP to join the Kerala Min
istry. The Cpl Central Executive
has now declared that Mr.. DANCE
made this offer without authority.
Slowly but inevitably, the CEN
trail government and the Com
munists are moving toward q
clash. If the situation worsens,
Mr.. Nehru might impose Presi-
dents rule in Kerala. He has
already declared: IF there are
inroads on the personal liberty Of
the people, the center has to
look into the matter"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24

locally. Several millions of dollars
were spent, the dam was built, and
the workers spent a great deal of
money that helped the local econ
omy. Then the Americans pulled
up and went home. Very few
people ever knew what Uncle Sam
had done.
"Over in B" Moscow
agreed to set up an airline. But
the agreement provided that
Russian technicians, engineers
and experts must run the opera
ton and remain there to see that
it was operated properly. They're
still there. We know that most of
them are intelligence, propaganda
and political experts. And they
made sure the people knew it was
Russian aid"
I remember. too, the slightly
tipsy general in an Asian country
who suddenly decided to tell a
group of Americans why the
United States didn't have more
respect in his country.
Millions and Respect
"You have given us many mil
IONS" he said, land am one
of those who appreciated it. But
don't respect you for it. You don't
know how to spend your money.
You let it get into the wrong
hands and you have no real con-
troll over the money that's spent.
You would get more respect if
you were tougher and demanded
more from us"
These were not isolated Incl
dences. They we're typical of many
conversations along the way that
led from Japan through Hong
Kong to the Philippines, Wet Nam,
Malaga, Indonesia, Thailand,
Turkey, Greece, Italy and Spain.
In scarcely a place was there
a vigorous propaganda campaign
to acquaint the people with what
America had done-and why.
Part of the fault. I was told, lies
in the fact that the recipient
governments agreed to tell their
people where the aid came from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-24
BY GERALD WARING
Special Writer for The Star

OTTAWA.-The Canadian gov
eminent is putting up 50 million
to send this country's most re-
calcitrant citizens back to Russia.
That is, if they agree to go. And
if the Kremlin will accept them.
Leaders of the Sons of Freedom
Doukhobors, a radical sect which