davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07
VIOLENCE IN The STREETS

What does violence in the
street mean to its victims?
OF the IA persons attacked
last week, at least four required
medical treatment. Two of
these were women, one was a
78-year-old man who was
beaten savagely. and one was a
l9-year-old heart patient whose
injuries may be serious.
But these figures don't begin
to tell the full story of what
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07
BULLETIN
ARPA Head Named

Defense Secretary McElroy
today formally established
the Advanced Research Prof.
ects Agency and appointed
Roy w. johnson. q General
Electric vice president, as its
director.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07

Second IN q Series
1t means to be robbed on the
streets. At the very least, it
leaves a case Of badly tangled
nerves. Some of last weeks
victims lost stable sums Of
money, and one faces tempo
rary loss Of livelihood as a
direct result Of having been
attacked.
Eye Endangered
Physically, the most seriously
injured was Jerome Briscoe.
jr.. 10, Of 1854 v street NV.
He was attcked by several
youths who stole $40 as he left
a restaurant Mushroom in the
1900 block of Seventh street
NV. early Saturday. Young.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07
|Chrysler Says Inquiry
Costs Firm $500,0OO
By the Associated press

Without q whimper. Presi-
dent L. L. Colbert Of the
Chrysler Corp. says It cost his
company half q million dollars
or more to make its presenta-
ton to q Senate inquiry group.
I'VE aren't Directing to the
fact. that it cost us half q
American Motors Head Urges Ford
and GM Brsokup. Page "A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07
Guide for Readers

Amuse'ts B-i4-l5 Fsoturs Pose AIS
Business and Leisure Sports ca
Finonee ABB Music Alb
Classified c-5-l3 Obituary BIZ
Comics Alb Sports ----c-l.4
Crossword All Tv-Rodie A.24-2S
Editorial Ala Womons
Edit Articles AIS Section B-l.l0
Have The Stor Delivered to
Your Home Daily and Sunday
Dial Sterling $1,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07

JOVlAL WORD WITH THE Eisenhower in CHEEKY
mood as ne greets ~ outstanding Nation
spreads the with
T. presents the Eagles REPORT President join
a. armore loreground) Granada Mimi Robert veer rea Sill
verton Oeg James c. Irvine Colegevile
Louisville KY and John Rankin with gasses Kngsport
(Other picture and story on Page A-10)-AP Photo -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07

Second in q Series
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-07
WEATHER FORECAST

Cold rain today changing to snow tonight,
low around IS. Partly cloudy, windy and
cold tomorrow. Gull report. Page A-2.)
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
MAGIC SNOWMAN ICE CREAM
fMakax ia pfnfSl

serve M Commissioners But n
i sad thing all the way around
because We ARE rnnnisg into Dr.
fianoe Of basic laws 81 the land,
continued Mr.. Eisenhower,
he made {, clear that he was
not trying 20 get into the basic
question involved hut he was talk.
tng only about procedure, He said
they OBVIOUSLY meaning the
SOUTH think they can defy the law
of the land because popular opin.
ion in their area win support them
Pointing ont that II Il the right
81 every free man 90 vote. tho
President said he would like to
set help throughout the country
ON respect FOR tho law The IN.
yoaiigatlon ~ this commission 10
a part " tho civil Rights Act OF
1887 Prior 10 tho passage OF this
law, Mr. Eisenhower said he talked
with many Of hts friends none Of
whom were particularly Interested
IN a civil Rights bin. but ali
agreed that FREE people should
have the right to vote.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

secretary OF Labor lhat ne did
state that there was some differ
eneo Of opinion on organized labor
and Wilkins felt that Il was time
Tor him to 10
The White House aide said hln
duties consisted 81 serving as lia-
SIGN between the White House and
the Presidents Committee on Elm
rloyment Policy and between tho
White HOUSE and the Presidents
Committer on Government Com
tracts II was with the latter group
that he worked closely with wiik-
ms who encc served aa member,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

King Of Glory who came 10
earth with an amending story
70 convey 10 us also The like
ness Of His Father, that al
men might adore him and wor-
ship him and worship no ether.
8 But l fear II this Babe Of
Bethlehem were to return To
earth today He would have To
bow HIS head in sorrow and
heavy iismay. for the light and
charm Of the Holy Manger. is
being BACKED out by CONNER
cialism and wild pleasure
The time Is now when prejudice
and hate are being specialized
in as Satan's bait. like 50 many
forms Of mystifying religions
that veil the face OF Christ,
rather than heighten mems
visions
Yes, this is the sad plight cur
Blessed Lord would have Go
face. after 1853 years II cx-
tended Grace. and love beyond
all human understanding. yet
men are perpetrating the most
heinous acts Of rohhing and
killing
, But look what CHRISTMAS
should mean 10 you and me AZ.
ter the Son Of God left heaven
20 finally die for us on a tree
the price He bore 20 be
Identified with man: should not
His spirit BY this time fully
pervade every land2
. Truly He has the right 10 feel
that, He left this world in good
hands when He entrusted TO
you and me the proper inter
probation Of His footsteps IN
the Sea and scorehing sands
/ Perhaps too selfishly we have
labored IN your church and
mine. TO portray the hidden
treasures Of the MANGER, and
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
Aide ADMITS,
White House Erred
In NOT Receiving
Youth Delegation
Nv Aiicc A, ilunnIgan

Washington tANpl The Al.
nnnistratinn WAS the lesser for not
arranging a White House confer
enee with a delegation OF youths
who marched ON Washington a few
weeks ago, to protest school segro.
cation. admits Presidential Aide
Roocn airiiIane
Addressing the Capital Press
club, siciiiano said we wore losers
because az the unfavorahlc puh
noity which We received around
the country" lie said no had writ
ten 20 A philip Randolph, enc
of the sponsors of the movement,
trying 10 explain but Randolph
only replied chats not the way
/ heard IT, lie said he made no
further explanation because he
eould NOT settle a mimiudcratand.
ing through mail or words 20
that effect
sieiliano denied that HIS job had
60 DO with minority problems Tie
said his title is Especial Assistant
60 the President on Personnel
Management He had probably
heon associated with the minority
question because he dtd meet with
. delegation from the American
Council ON Human Rights and
another from the National Council
~ Negro Women tie also arranged
for the conference with The rrasi.
dent and the four Neafu leaders
headed by nr Martin G,lthor King
Ito sat in on this conference and
found q very profitable
Ile domed that he had instruct
the ACiiR delegation not Ia reveal
what they discussed tn their con
ference liui admitted that they
were very critical or Whist they
felt WINS inaotlen on certain oiul
rights lpnncH
siriliann had little 60 sny about
the resignation of Etnrst Wilk
inp from the position az assistant
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
New Va. Law
Moy Sfymie
NEGRO Voters

Riehmand, Va tANpl Road
blocks and HITLER like tactics by
the ruling political machine IN
Virginia against voting ia likely
60 push the state further down
the scale 81 political activity oh.
servers said here this week
one Of the reaa blocks "a voting
referred 20 Is the states new law
requiring registration OF voters
in Norfolk and Richmond passed
BY the General Assembly IN tass
The law which becomes effective
In 1899 requires sc registration ~
voters Ia the two largest cities ia
the state every 10 wears
The other road block is the new
law requiring new voters to fili
on, q blank sheet in order % res
isior This law was PASSED in lpas.
and became effective last July
Whereas persons seeking TO regis
ter heretofore were given a form
indicating what information they
had 20 furnish now they WIN be
given a hlank sheet 60 fll out
without any help
only sos per cent ~ the poten.
tial voters cast their ballot In the
presidential eioCtinn In II south
crn states IN 1852 That year
was high water mark IN voting
10 the South but The per cent %
the voters who went 10 the polls
10 Virginia, South Carolina that
year waa only 70 per cent
Two states only had worse
record 90 1889 than Virginia They
were mississippi and Alabama
with lesA than IN per cent % the
potential voters in their lurisdie,
ton casting their ballot in that
election
What viii happen IN Norfolk and
lIuohmnnd next year when the new
law goes into effect " worrying
sooial service leaders, civle leaders
and minlstara, teachers and other
professional groups Unless local
organizations step nr their cur.
rent efforts Go get the masses to
qualify 20 vote and become inter,
es,od in participating in the gov
eminent at the local, state and
national level, hundreds ~ Negro
voters win be lost in tho state
Virginia has 2,isa 900 citizens Of
voting age About ba6 $50 ~ these
are Negroes. vet there are leaN
than 100, 900 qualified Negro vot
ers IN tho state TaeitiIng the big
job % getting more Negroes ie
quality 10 vote are the Virginia
Voters League headed by James
= spencer the Virginia state Con
ference % NAACp Branches, w
Lester I1anlsH, executive secretary
and the aika and several local
civic organizations all over the
state
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

with frult cake in your house
YOU have perfect holiday fare TO
serve as Is or with a quick top
ping Favorite topplngs To compile
ment old English fruit cake nom
Your groyet's rvady.ta.eat cake
department are whipped cream and
whipped cream cheese spoon gen
erously over hearty wedges Of
fruit cake.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

ICE CREAM SNowMEN refreshing dessert at holiday
dinner They delightful surprise refreshments AT chill
dens party With couple u OF ice cream IA the re-
freerator they're scoopful OF with
features cherries well drained and chilled makes
each snowman assemble u 1y,
OF velvcy smooth ice II make
with condensed milk needs ony beating while fteexng
ard its always delicious.
MAGIC SNOWMAN ICE CREAM
tMakes tHs pntSl
a. cup az isoa. cam ia teaspoons Vanilla extract
swretened condensed milk | cup heavy
a cup water
Set refrigerator control coolest point Combine sweet
ened condensed milk and vanilla Chill Whip cream 20
consistency Fold into chilled mixture Pour into
freezing tray with wRxed FreeEe 10 firm
mush about hour into chilled bowl Break up with
fork rotary heater until fluffy but not melted
Quickly tray. tray with waNed paper Return
10 freezing unit Freeze until hym.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
Ike" Reps Those
Refusing Testimony
To Rights Group
Nv Alice A. DunnIgnn

Washington tANPl sun de,
cliniug 90 make public hts personal
views on the question of segre.
CATION President Eisenhower did
make a strong and fortnight
statement on the necessity OF oh.
eying the law
At his press conference noccm@
Der "a. the President indirectly
rcbuked state officials OF Alabama
for refusing 10 cooperate with the
civil Rights Commission In their
recent hearings on violations Of
voting rights for Negroes
Mr. Eisenhower said he did not
feel very good about the Alabama
officials refusing TO cooperate with
the Commission He pointed ont
that he had been very careful 10
see that every shade OF opinion
was represented on this Commits
sion and that every geographical
AREA was represented
This representation. he thought,
would appeal 10 this common sense
Of everybody, He specifically men.
toned the appointment Of the vice
chairman Robert q Storey. dean
~ Southern Methodist University
Law School IN Dallas Texas; and
former Governor John = Battle Of
Virginia. an avowcd segregation
lat
The Ciyil Rights Commission
was late getting started. said
the President because ~ the dif-
ileulty be had In finding the
hind ~ people he wanted "a
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
RISTMA AS
BY Rev. Frank Clarence Lowr,

/. After the scorching heat OF
Summer, and the Harvest
shortly past. comes snow fur
ries and wintry winds. all but
saying Christmas is coming
fast
2 Memory Of the last Christmas
hardly dies away when again
the same rush and hustle
moves in as il TO stay
3. Then not only children but
grown-ups seem under spell
each with a happier thought
but in the majority wishing all
mankind well.
1 What could be this strange
happening? who is this that
could come to earth. spread
ing glad tidings and Peace BY
virtue of His Holy Birth
J. II was none other than the
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

the CROSS that should be our
daily SHRINE,
2 50 here we are year hence
our world stilI enshnounded in
deep suspense men like ships
with damaged rsdder trying
Co reach the coveted hareor,
SO if its real Christmas YOU
and I would truly like 90 eN-
plore. II must start with an
honest to. goodness love for
Christ and not alone our Civ
ing ard receiving Of gifts, nor
holly wreathes ON our windows
and doors
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26
President To Get
Reindeer For
chrisfmos Fefe

Anchorage. Alaska tANpl
Animal experts and motor carrier
executives teamed together last
week to fetch reindeer for Presi-
dent E,isenhower's Christmas week
celebration
George NJ. sullivan, traffic man
ager for Garrison Fast Freight
division OF Consolidated Freight
ways. Inc Charles Thomas sen
Tor keeper large mammal divisiin
National Geological Park, Wash,
ington. nc. and ]. Lear Grlmmer.
director Of the Zoo, travelled 20
remote Kotxebue on the Artie Cir
Gle. where they rounded up the
reindeer themselvs
Then, an Alaska Air Command
plane got into the act, and brought
them 20 Anchorage Next they
boarded Alaska Steamships s s.
llama which carried them more
than $500 miles 10 Seattle. where
the Consolidated rrcightways took
over They made the final $500
mile trip to the white House with
a specially equipped to-tt livestock
trailer
Negro Keeper ~ Years
Charles Thomas. Negro, has
been with the National Geological
Park for ~ years He has bad vast
experience and understanding IN
handling members Of the deer
family AS senior keeper he IL
supervision Of sll the hoof stock
inc ding hippopotami tapir,
camels. wild horses and llamas
A native Of Washington. he Is
IS years Of age. married and has
one daughter During the last war,
he spent three years In the Army
serving with an Ordinance Unit IN
the South Pacific
Because the people u Alaska
were 10 thoughtful in presenting
our chief executive with this gift
Ike viii be able TO call out now
Dancer now Praneer on Comet
and Bltxen" on Christmas Eve
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-12-26

Theea something of interest
10 every member az your family
in this newspaper every week
shop with firma advertising in
this newspaper this Christmas
Youn DO trading with fricnda
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
Flower Slides
Sought by Club

A flower photography con-
test is planned by the Chew
erly Md Garden Club in
connection with its show
September 6 and 7. Slides
2x2 are wanted by August
Is in these categories: Speci-
men plant, shrub or tree;
landscape scene; group plant
ings; single bloom flower;
rock garden; unique or nov
city shots. Chairman for the
contest is Bernard Hauser
Tsp. 3-0256). 6213 Inwood
street, Cheverly. Md. Call him
for data. Slides will be re-
turned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
BRIDGE CALENDAR

TODAY: PiayfAir, 1881 Harvard; MP
ps,rI. i:zS. Gsrsn' 8 Dupont circle;
osr.n. q Dupont circle:
pairs. 1880. Andrews, Andrew. AFB
onesrs Club; pairs. 7;aS; AFi.F ,,.
eaS L Aias'S main 0U saist.rla RsSof
Department; pairs, 4. Thsmas CIR
els, Apt. 100. 2440 sixteenth; pairs
TUESDAY: ArIlnstsa. 5000 Ice high
way; pairs. 7;45, Chsgs, GORDON no
srsl. windsor PARK Hotel, $500
Fewer Csmmisslen. ofacial dining
room, General Accounting once;
pairs. $50. Montgomery, 400 Nor
wood drive, pairs, 7;a5. ohaeers
Service Club 1914 Twenty-frst;
WEDNESDAY: Alexandria Belle Haven,
Belle Haven Country Club pairs.
1;45. Chess. Gordon Hotel; pairs.
7:45. CengressienAl Secretaries
House once Building; pairs, a.
Penthouse. North BuildinH, Health.
PIayfair, 1881 Harvard: pairs. 7:45
THURSDAY: Washington Bride LeaEue
lAcBL unit. Sheraton-Park Hotel;
Mp pairs, 7:45. No game for Thurs
day Noon Club
FRIDAY: AleIandria, sO2 Cameron
SIXTEENTH; pairs, T:45. Twins street.
413 north Irving. Arlington Mp
pairs. 7:4S No games for Lyon
villass, ooren and Silver sprinE
sATysDAY Cs;..: coree9 E2t.l:
Da thorn.. &C ch.1s fssti'' pairs 1g.S 7ts.
welsh. i7Sa MaSssehaSetts; pairs.
1.Ak,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
ny MARGARET L. FISHER

Special Writer for The star
For the several hundred
area bridge fans who viii so
to Baltimore next week end,
this years Chesapeake cham
pionships viii have an added
significance. The Maryland
Bridge Association. tourney
sponsor. viii put into play q
trophy In memory Of Charles
s. Voigt. jr.. whose death
early June 81 shocked local
bridge groups.
Mr.. Voigt was killed in q
car crash en- route 10 his
home In Kensington. Md.
shortly after leaving the Po-
tomac valley tournament
where he had been serving as
a director. His wife, Virginia.
was critically injured. The
trophy win be awarded for a
years possession TO the win
ners OF the master pair event
which will be held next Fri
day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
CAMERA ANGLES
Star Snapshot Rules
Fully Explained

test operators will want 1t.
Also II the scene includes
persons, 1t will be necessary
to secure q release from
them, in the case Of a ma
tional winner.
The babies and children
class is usually the biggest.
Such pictures feature cute
ness, character Of expression.
moods, etc. Adults can be in
the picture as long as the
center of attraction Is the
child.
The activities class Is q
sort Of catch-all IS it per-
mits scenes Of hobbies. sports.
recreation, study. occupations
and the like.
The scenics and tabletop
class includes those land
scape and marine pictures
camera fans are discovering
all the time and 1t also ad-
mits tabletop photography,
flowers and shots Of mani
mate things.
In animal life claSsiflca-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
PHILATELlc NEWS
Pittsburgh Will Get
BicentennioI Stamp

A stamp commemorating
the bicentennial Of Pitts
burgh. Pa. will be released
November rs. Postmaster
General Summerfield has an
nounced.
The date OF issue marks
the 200th anniversary OF the
occupation OF Frances Fort
Duquesne. at the forks Of the
Ohio. by a British force under
Brigadier John Forbes.
The fort at the junction
Of the Allegheny and the
Monongahela, where Pitts
burgh now stands. was the key
point in the struggle OF Eng
land and France for control
OF the mid-continent.
A detachment of Virginia
militia had reached the site
first. beginning work on a
log fort in February. 1854. In
April a much larger French
force drove them of and
built Fort Duquesne.
In May another small Vir-
GINA detachment under %
year-old 1t. Col. George
Washington fired the volley
which set of the worldwide
struggle known in European
history as the Seven Years
War, but usually called the
French and Indian War in
America.
The first English expedition
to reduce Fort Duquesne.
commanded by Mai. Gen.
Edward Braddock, ended in
disaster in 1855. In 1853 an
other force under Brig.
Forbes, a 48-year-old Scot.
set out to cut a road across
the Alleghenies under more
promising conditions - Fort
Frontenac, which controlled
Lake Erie, had fallen into
English hands. cutting Fort
Duquesne's supply line to
Canada.
After months Of effort and
one abortive attack, Forbes.
so i'll he had to be carried on
a litter. led the final drive
to the fort on November IS.
Killed Highlanders pushed
through the dense forest to
a drum beat, fianked by de-
tachments of Royal Ameri-
cans. mostly Germans en-
listed as regulars in Penn
sylvania, and volunteers
from the American colonies
under George Washington. 1t
was dusk when they emerged
into the open plain and saw
Fort Duquesne ahead of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29

ton, there is an unlimited
field for pictures Of family
pets, farm animals, zoo DWELL
ers, wild life. birds. beasts.
fish and the whole geological
world.
The contest affords a
chance to see how good you
are with a camera. There is
no limit on the number OF
entries per person. There is
a lot Of satisfaction in COM
pairing your work with that
of the weekly prize winners
as the contest progresses, for
the four weekly winners are
published.
In the event you are a
winner and carry through to
the national competition.
there is further qualification
in having your work displayed
with the best of more than
80 cities. as well as the
recompense of sharing in top
money.
On the local level. snap
shots should be mailed to
the Amateur Snapshot Con-
test Of The Star. Washing
ton 4, D. c. Be sure your
name is on the back and the
class. From time to time,
Sunday editions Of The Star
will carry the condensed con-
test rules. You will be noti-
fed by mail If you are a
weekly winner.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
Wilson Student
Wins Essay Prize

william Bridges Smith. II,
@ student at Wilson High
School, won first place for an
essay on Americas Future Is
Up to Youth" in q contest
sponsored by the local Veterans
Of Foreign Wars ladies' aux
Hilary.
Thomas Lisi Of Gonzaga
High School was second place
winner. Awards were presented
last night by Mrs. E. Margaret
Kaye. essay chairman.
Honorable mentions went to
Richard Singer of Anacostia,
Ralph Kaplan Of Coolidge, Ste
phana Prayer OF Western,
Judith Walters of st. Cecelia's.
Marilyn Lloyd of Holy Gross,
jeanne Saffell of Immaculate
Conception, Judy Ash of st.
Anthohy's and Richard Sulli-
van of Gonzaga.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-29
Valley Play
Attendance
Sets Mark

Visitors made the going
rough for area bridge fans
last week end in play for
Potomac Valley titles. But
local stars did win four Of
the six titles in the 18th
annual tournament.
The event attracted the
largest field Of any sectional
tourney sponsored to date by
the Washington Bridge
League. 1t was held at the
Sheraton Park Hotel.
Los Angeles star Barry
Crane, teamed with his long,
time favorite partner. Mrs.
Eliot Evans Of Evanston. III.
Their last minute decision
to play proved highly profit
able, for they won two titles
the open and mixed pairs.
First to register a win
were Mrs. Allyn 6. White
head of Chevy Chase and
her sister, Mrs. H. S. Whit
aker, who topped 10 pairs
to take the women's title.
Mrs. H. Land and Mrs. John
Lissberger of Baltimore were
runnerSup. Mrs. Freda Bent
ley and Mrs. Marianne Bos-
chan tied with former WASH
ingtonians Mrs. John Kun
KEEL of Miami and Mrs. r. H.
Skinner of Wilmington, Del,
for fifth.
Robert Bierly and Lou Mill
Ter won the mems pair title.
Second in the field Of A
pairs were Barry Crane and
Capt. George Wolfe of Balti-
more. Third were Alvin Roth
and Said Haddad.
Mrs Bentley and Lew Levenson
narrowly missed the mixed palr
title Friday night, scoring .O4
match points against 205 credited
10 the Evans-Crane duo. MIs,
whitehead. partnered BY Pr Eowiin
So3Is Fourth over all among -
pairs vas another area couple, MISS
Beate Block and Harve Mobley. lvsI
Stakgold with Mrs. Lissbereer
finished seventh, Mr.. and Mrs. An
drew Gabriloviteh. eighth section
IONS were also recorded for Col. ano
Mis-, r. H. skinner. the defendinT