davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

Maryland's General Assembly swal-
lowed bitter pill when, early today, it
reluctantly accepted Governor Nc
Keldins politically unpalatable tax pro-
gram. But, as Democratic contender
for the Republican Governors job told
party leaders in the Legislature, there
was no satisfactory alternative. The
session already had been extended far
beyond the constitutional deadline of
last Thursday, with no prospect of an
acceptable substitute for the McKeldin
plan to hike sales and income taxes SO
per cent. And the Legislature could
not adjourn until it had authorized a
revenue program adequate to meet the
States estimated $33 million deficit for
the ensuing budget period.
1t took considerable political cour-
age in this election year for Controller
J. Willard Tawes, Democratic candidate
for Governor, to enter the struggle at
Annapolis on the Republican side of the
fight. But holdout Democrats in both
houses had looked to Mr.. Tawes for
guidance in their final hours of deSpera-
ton and deadlock. After the House had
rejected the McKeldin program six
times, Mr.. TaweS advised the delegates
to approve the Governors tax recon-
mendationS. This was the "best course
to follow for the immediate future" he
declared. They took his advice-and
the Senate went along.
Since the legality of legislation APP
proved in the long extension Of the ses-
sion has been questioned, Governor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Wanted: 100000

The Senate has recognized the i'm
portance of a relatively small item in the
supplemental appropriation bill by ap-
proving 100000 additional for WASH
ington's long awaited transportation
survey. This is the sum asked by the
National Capital Regional Planning
Council to enable the survey experts
to complete their report to Congress
on the Districts perplexing traffic and
transit problems. The findings and rec
concentrations of the survey group are
an essential prerequisite to administra-
tive and legislative action to cope with
the problems.
The survey so far has cost 100000,
which had been expected to cover the
total cost of the undertaking. However,
the job has taken more time and in
volved more work than had been appro-
priated for Unless the additional money
is provided, council officials say, con-
sultants who have been preparing the
final report will have to be let off and
certain charts and other data necessary
to explain the report to laymen will
have to be eliminated. We hope the
House therefore will follow the Senates
lead in voting for this small sum. This
is no time to skimp on the cost of very
vital survey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Pact With Russia

That was a nice picture you
had Of Ambassador Menshi-
kov telling the National Press
Club there should be a treaty
of friendship between Rus
STA and the United States.
But someone should give
the Ambassador the facts Of
life. They apply to nations
lin ratio) as they apply to
men. Men do not run around
signing pacts Of friendship
with each other. They let
their deeds speak for them.
Individuals are either
friendly or they are not
friendly. Signatures do not
change the circumstances nor
the psychology involved. The
same goes for nations.
II the measure Of civil
rights accorded Iron Curtain
countries and the residents Of
Iron Curtain countries is the
measure of the friendliness
OF Communist dictatorship.
what would signatures do
to It?
OF course you are right
about your guess. Defining
the guess is unimportant.
There is but one answer to
the question. Even the Rus
slams know 1t.
Earl Shutx.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Battle of the Midway

The great drawing power of inter-.
national expoSitionS, particularly those
staged in the Eastern Hemisphere, has
been fully demonstrated in recent years.
And it is in keeping with the times
that. this sort of stage has become, in
effect, another battle-ground in the cold
war. To steadily increasing degree,
the Soviet Union has stepped up its
participation in the long list of fairs
which have been staged in Europe and
Asia. 1t is putting on its biggest show
this summer at what promises to be the
largest such exhibition ever held-the
Worlds Fair at Brussels. On the same
occasion, the United States-which,
generally speaking, has held its own in
this type Of mpetition-likewise will
offer its most impressive presentation.
At the moment, however, effective
ness of the American effort is being
threatened by budget troubles dating
back primarily to the economy drive of
early 1857. Participation in the Brussels
Fair was authorized by Congress in 1856,
with indications that a total of SIS
million would be provided. BY the time
funds were appropriated however, this
figure was cut to $11.8 million and the
House agreed later to only an extra"
$535,000. Urgent administration rec
concentrations this year for supple
mentary appropriations which would
bring the total to SLAB million have
been favored in the Senate, but agree
ment still must be reached with the
House.
Authorities describe the American
pavilion as comparing favorably with
the Russian. The same Judgment is
passed with regard to the quality of our
displays and the program of entertain
ment intended to reflect the best in
American art and culture. 1t has been
testified, however, that shortage of
funds will prevent keeping the American
exhibition open evenings-when the
Russians still will be In operation-and
will force curtailment of our participa-
ton before the fair ends its 26-week
schedule. 1t would be unfortunate in
deed-for a saving of approximately So
million-if this handicap should pre-
vail. II we have good show on the
grounds, Congress should provide the
funds to display 1t to best competitive
advantage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
81 Million JobIess

With the latest report showing
nearly So million people out of work, the
tax reduction fever is rising rapidly in
Washington. The demand for relief is
strong and unless there is an improve
ment in the job picture in March a sharp
cut in taxes will become politically and
perhaps economically necessary.
It is entirely clear that the Eisen-
hover administration is moving in this
direction. The recent speeches by Vice
President Nixon and Secretary of Labor
Mitchell are proof enough of this. But
the administration would like to wait
a while, perhaps as long as month,
before coming to final decision on the
nature and extent of tax reduction.
The question is whether twill be able to
stand up, even for that long, under the
pressure that is being brought to bear.
One has only to read the speech by
AFL-CIO President Meany to yesterdays
emergency economic and legislative
conference to see that this is true. Mr..
Meany wants to shoot the works, begin
ming with tax cut. And the prospective
deficit, if his recommendations are fol-
lowed, does not bother him bit.
1t does bother some people in the adj
ministration and in Congress, however.
These people want to wait for the March
unemployment figures before deciding
which way and how far to Jump. They
probably are justified in this, for an
appreciable improvement in March
would render unnecessary and even
unwise some of the proposals being adj
vanced at this time. But II there is no
improvement, or if things get worse,
very few people will be thinking about
budget deficits. And for two reasons.
One, drastic action will be essential to
check the slump. And, two, this is an
election year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

mission much beyond the
horizon would be impossible.
The ICY experiments have
shown, however, that during
periods or intense activity on
the suns surface there are
four such layers. The fourth
one extends for at least IL
miles below the lowest nor
NAL layer. the so-called D.
layer, which is about so miles
high. This is caused. 1t has
been determined. by X-rays
emitted from the sun during
the flare periods. Curiously
enough, it is shown by rocket
observations. these have no
effect at all on the normal
three layers.
The radio waves are abb
sorbed, rather than reflected,
by the abnormal lower layer.
In another part Of the
ICY program. DR.. Odishaw
reports, measurements are
being made at the Mount
Wilson Observatory in Cali
fornia of the magnetic field
Of the sun at its surface. It
already has been found that
this field may at times be
more than 5000 times greater
than the earth's field at the
equator. The magnetic fields
are thought to play a very
important role in disturb
anceS and storms on the
suns surface, as well as in
Sunspots.
Theory on Currents
1t has been suggested, all
though not previously estab-
lished, that magnetic effects
observed on earth during
magnetic storms are due to
great electric currents of
several hundred thousands
amperes flowing around the
earth high in the atmosphere.
Two of these currents are
believed to circle the north
and south magnetic poles
while the third circles the
earth at the geomagnetic
equator.
Stations along this equator
in South America, at Guam
and Koror Islands in the
western Pacific, and on
Jarvis. Palmyra and Tanning
islands in the eastern Pacific
were established to study
the so-called "electro-jet,"
previously demonstrated,
which is believed to be
identical with the poStulated
equatorial electric current.
This now is essentially estab.
lished, DR.. Odishaw reports.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

This is in answer to some
Of Eugene Lawrence's state
ments attacking modern art.
II Mr.. Lawrence wishes to
have pictures of recognizable
ducks why doesn't he photo
graph q duck? Photography
has freed the painter from
the necessity Of making q
painted duck look like q duck.
UNDERSTANDING" to Mr.. Law
renee, is merely being able
to turn the painting into a
faithful photograph. Even
photographers today try to
go beyond just Photographic
exactitude.
Mr.. Lawrence says: when
a painting becomes such that
the average person cannot
understand it, then it is de-
generate" Since l do not "un-
derstand" Chinese calligra-
ply. is such calligraphy de
generator" Since / do not
understand" some people,
are they therefore "degener-
ate?"
Call abstract paintings
what they are. designs"
Amenl But what is lowly
about design" We live in an
age of design: Automobile de-
sign, ship design, design for
living! Design is the estab-
ment Of harmonious relation
ships among elements in an
art work. Our world could
stand more harmonious rela-
tons afforded by design.
When Mr.. Lawrence COM
pares the work of painters Of
today with the work Of a
child he does a disservice to
both the artist and to the
child. The child is concerned
with the pleasure of unso-
phisti C ated self-expression.
The artist is concerned with
On aesthetic outlook on life.
DR.. John Lemback.
Acting Head, Department
of Art. University Of
Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

taxes. business and privilege
license taxes. real and per-
sonal property taxes. inspec-
ton fees and many others.
@. In making knots, what
is the Standing" part of the
rope, and what is a blight?
III. B.
A. The "end" Of a rope, in
knotmaking, is the short.
free part with which the knot
is tied-and the standing
part is all the rest OF the
rope. A blight is formed by
turning the end Of the rope
so that the end and the
standing part lie alongside
each other.
Q. Do many foreign coun-
tries have social security
programs? o. A.
A. Yes. some 81 nations had
old-age and survivors in
Surance programs in 1857,
and "a countries had some
type Of workmen's compensa-
ton or protection against in
juries received on the job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Jones was dog-tired, as the
saying puts it, though dogs
are not any more tired or
tireder than any other tired
animal. Maybe they are just
more honest about it.
Temp Jones was honest
about it, too.
He said to the hotel man.
my. 1 am tired. I am so tired
I can't keep my eyes open. Have
you got cup of coffee?"
The man looked at Jones with
sympathy. In those days ev-
erybody looked at him with
sympathy. because he seemed
only about two years old to
them, evidently.
They wanted to baby him.
Sorry" said the man, 1.-The
very last cup of coffee was
sold five minutes ago."
Young Jones groaned.
Il will go to sleep on my
feet" he said. IF I fall down,
please pick me up"
The man looked into the
huge pot.
Maybe" he said, IT can
scrape lust one cup out of
it,"
He did. too.
He was a man of his word.
He poured and he poured,
and he poured, and got out
the blacklist. thickest cup Of
coffee ever drunk by man
or boy.
Temp seized the mug CRATE
fully.
Here's to you," he said
with a bow.
At this point, a stranger
came up and offered Jones a
lift to his old home town.
1t was a gift from heaven,
and by this time the grains
Of caffeine in that cup Of
black coffee were going to
his head, or wherever caf-
feline goes.
Human beings seem to want
their gifts from heaven to
pep them up; heaven knows
what heaven wants.
Jones got home at mid
night, all 20 miles submerged
in the deep dusky night.
And he couldn't sleep.
For the first time in his
life. he couldn't sleep.
That last cup of coffee,
made out of the dregs, did 1t.
What a cup of coffee! Jones
remembers it still, and SOL
EMMY believes it was the
strongest cup of coffee in the
world at that time or since.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Toxpoyer's Lament

Since Sputnik I started
to orbit; Washington has be-
come jittery! Every govern
mental department asks for
additional appropriations and
Uncle Sam tries to give them.
Right or wrong, that's beside
the point. Additional taxes
are being created to satisfy
the demands in order to raise
the money for the various de-
partments, so our promised
tax cut is just a dream. Our
standard of living has been
lowered time and again and
the cost Of living has steadily
gone up. Quote: "You must
sacrifice in order to help your
country"
But there is a better solu-
ton. an idea which has been
advanced many times but fell
on deaf ears or was discarded
by some politicians. namely,
give the taxpayer a cut in
taxes! True, everyone would
pay less taxes TO Uncle Sam,
but the difference would be
made UP by the number Of
people who could be taken
of the dole and employed by
the much-vitalized industry
an industry revitalized tc
such an extent that produce
ton would have to be stepped
UP considerably in order to
keep supply ahead Of de-
mandl It would create en-
ployment for workers in
every industry and a boom Of
unpredictable proportions. A
tax cut would give everyone
more money, so more money
would be Spent-including
gambling, which the Govern
ment would get part Of.
Also. what is the reason
for not having a legalized lot
terry? One reason is that it
would cut of somebody's
percentage" Clergymen de-
cry gambling as a grievous
wrong-regardless Of what
cause" 1t is for-but again.
common sense gets into the
picture. 1t is human nature
to gamble. whether on q horse
race, roulette, bingo. or even
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

I wish to thank the Amer
lean Red Cross and the per-
sonhel of all the courts for
their generous donations Of
blood to my late beloved hus-
band, Judge James r. Kirk
land.
The response to a call for
blood was immediate and
overwhelming, and I cannot
possibly know each donor
personally, but I am eter-
nally grateful to each Of you.
To give Of oneself is a noble
deed.
Mrs. James r. Kirkland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Treocherous Water

Your article OF March 6 en-
titled Canal Road Work
forces Out Seven Families"
was interesting and I am sure
that all familiar with the
area are delighted to find the
National Park Service taking
steps to improve it.
However. I am dismayed by
one statement you attribute
to Mr.. Kelly in his discus
sion Of plans for the Eetchers
Boat House area. To quote
your article, ut win have ar
rangements for rowboats and
outboard motors to fish in
the swift water in the Little
Falls area"
I am captain Of the Rescue
squad at the Glen Echo Vol
unteeer Fire Department and
without looking at the records
! believe 1t is no exaggeration
to say that we are called on
for ct least three drownings
per year and q number of near
misses in the area between
the Little Falls Dam and
Chain Bridge. The water in
this area is extremely treach-
erous-certainly no place for
any but the most experienced
white water boatmen and
they generally stay away.
Believing as I do that the
prevention of accidents is far
better than any rescue or
first aid measures, I hope
Mr.. Kelly will revise his
thinking in this matter at
least to the extent of placing
adequate warnings in con-
SplcuouS places so that all
boaters will be properly
warned of the danger. We will
be pleased to assist Mr.. Kelly
in the designation of danger
areas.
Graham I. Northrup.
Captain Rescue SQUAD,
Glen Echo Volunteer Fire De-
partment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
Sukorno's Opportunity

In accepting the credentials Of
Howard P. Jones. our new Ambassador
to Indonesia, President Sukarno~ has
spoken of our country in the most
friendly terms. Recalling his visit
among us in 1856, he has described the
United States as "a nation with a big
heart" and he has appealed for Amer
lean understanding of the struggle now
going on between his government at
Jakarta, on Java, and the rival anti
Communist regime established on the
rich island Of Sumatra.
Up to now, although Jakarta has
staged few small air raids and landed
some troops on Sumatra, this struggle
fortunately has involved only the most
minor kind of military action. But it
could conceivably develop into full
scale civil war protracted and bitter
enough to tempt international COM
muniSm to intervene in a way that
might invite counter-intervention by
forces intent upon keeping Indonesia
free. Both the rebels and the "neu-
traliSt" Sukarno government are well
aware that such a danger exists, and
they have Joined in warning against it.
Our own country, of course, has
made clear through Ambassador Jones
that it has no intention of interfering
in IndoneSia'S internal affairs and that
it still recognizes Jakarta as the young
republics only legitimate government.
AS for having our understanding, DR..
Sukarno can be sure that the American
people sympathize with his nation in
its present hour of trial and earnestly
hope that the opposing sides will be
able to work out an amicahie settlement
before the situation grows worse than
it is.
Such settlement ought to be pos
Sible. On the one hand there is little
reason to doubt that DR.. Sukarno is
anxious to keep his country free and
independent; on the other, however, the
diSSidentS on Sumatra-and elsewhere
in the republic-hold that he has not
been abiding by the Indonesian con-
stitution. While not opposed to him
personally, and while in fact wanting
him to remain in position of leader
ship, they deplore his policy Of guided
democracy" as something that has
served only to promote dangerous
form Of Communist inf1ltration And
they insist that reforms are needed to
correct political and economic inequities
between Java and certain of Indonesia's
outlying islands.
These two opposing positions
Jakarta'S and the rebels'-do not seem
too far apart to be reconciled through
the processes of reasonable negotiation.
In that respect, DR.. Sukarno has an
opportunity to display good will and
craftsmanship Of sort that should be
able to put an end to the present strife
with an agreement serving the unity,
peace and independence of his country.
Any action he may take along that line
will certainly be cheered here in
America.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12
.VISTAS IN SCIENCE
GeophysicoI Year Bringing Results
By THOMAS R. HENRY

The l8-month international
Geophysical Year. during
which scientists of SO nations
are participating in cooper
alive programs, is now a
third over and already has
paid big dividends in a
clearer understanding Of
natures mysteries.
This has just been reported
by DR.. Hugh Odishaw. execu-
tive director of the United
States ICY Committee. Any
effort to evaluate results at
this time, however, is quite
preliminary, with results Of
many observations still unre-
ported or unanalyzed.
This particular Is months
was chosen partly because of
the promise of unusual activ-
ity on the surface of the sun.
This would afford scientists,
working together all over the
world. a splendid opportunity
to determine relationships
between solar and terrestrial
phenomena, which is Of parti-
ticular significance in these
days Of radar and radio. The
promise seems well on the
way to being fulfilled, it is
reported.
Theories Confirmed
Much has been learned all
over the world from auto
matically recording instru-
ments carried into the upper
reaches of the atmosphere by
rockets. Among the theories
confirmed, DR.. Odishaw re-
ports, is that atmospheric
density at attitudes twice the
radius Of the earth is much
greater than formerly calcu-
lated. In fact, evidence has
been gathered that a very
tenuous atmosphere may fill
all space between earth and
sun.
Much already has been
both learned and confirmed,
according to DR.. Odishaw's
report, about the still mys-
ferrous extreme upper reaches
Of the earth's atmosphere.
Why, for example. are
there radio blackouts during
periods of titanic flares.
reaching millions of miles
into space. on the suns sur
face?
Normally there are three
electrical roofs" of the
world. These are the layers
of the so-called ionosphere
from which radio waves are
reflected back to the surface
Of the earth. Otherwise trans
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

q. In view Of the Second
Amendment to the Constitu-
ton. that the right to bear
arms shall not be infringed,
how can States enact laws
prohibiting the carrying Of
concealed weapons?-L. B.
A. A State statute pro-
hibiting the carrying Of con-
cealed weapons does not in
fringe on the general right Of
the people to bear arms.
Such q statute prohibits only
a particular mode Of bearing
arms which has been found
to be dangerous to the peace
Of society.
@. Are there other taxes
on gasoline besides the State
and Federal sales taxes2
d. d.
A. Some years ago the
American Petroleum Indus
tries Committee stated that
about 200 different types Of
taxes are levied on the
petroleum industry. These
include Federal pipeline
transportation tax, severance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-12

IL was many years ago, IN
the life Of Templeton Jones.
that he had to get back to
the old home place in a hurry.
He had come to the big
city 20 miles away, at IL
o'clock at night, and found
that the last possible train on
the dinky line, as it was
called. had gone.
Twenty miles. in those days,
was distance.
You couldn't do 20 miles in
a few minutes, then.
More than that, Temp
Jones was tired.
He had come a long way by
train, and the trains in those
days were dirty and hot and
II you didn't keep your eyes
half closed all the time you
would get cinders in them,
sure as shooting, as people
said then.
Now, they don't use that
phrase. for they have seen.
as the result Of incessant
wars. that there is really
nothing sure about shooting,
after all.
Jones was dog-tired, as
they said.
Poor dogs, they are used
for all sorts of comparisons,
some Of them pretty terrible.
The dogs. fortunately, don't
know about that.
Dogs take us as we are, and
like us, fortunately.
If they didn't heaven help
us.
Jones got to within 20
miles of where he wanted to
go, and there he was. late at
night, and he was usually in
bed hours before.
He stood on one foot, and
then on the other. as the
saying is, as though people
were storks and could really
stand on one leg.
How absurd proverbs are!
One says If a horse won't
eat. make him eat.
Another says, you can lead
a horse to water. but you
can't make him drink.
They ought to get together
on these things.
y 4 4 4
There was Templeton
Jones, so long ago that the
young man then seems almost
traditional to the old man
Of today.
Twenty miles, and the
night was dark, and Temp