davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03

Sir Hillary was to wait for
DR.. Fuchs at the 7OO-mile
point. But on Christmas Day
he radioed that he was hell
bent for the South Pole. God
willing and crevasses permit
ting"
The New Zealand mems cold,
hazardous trip took them along
the Ross Ice Shelf. up the
SHELTON Glacier and over the
treacherous. crevasse-torn po-
lar plateau.
Among their stores they car
ried two New Zealand flags TO
plant at the pole. marking
their country's efforts In AM
tarctic exploration.
Already at the pole is a card
board New Zealand flag
dropped there when former
Minister Of Railways McAlpine
few over last October.
Supplies Dropped on
Hillary's four vehicles towed
seven sledges loaded with sup
plies and fuel. most Of II for
the depots to supply the trans
antarctic British expedition
with which the New Zealanders
will return.
The New Zealanders also
took a special caravan which
Hillary had designed to give
them comfortable living quar-
ters in the bitter cold and tear
ing billiards on the polar pla-
teau.
The tractors were fitted with
little cabins and caterpillar
type web tracks over their
wheels.
The tractor train was joined
en- route by two dog teams
which were flown in. each
manned by two New Zealanders.
These were left at Depot 100
when Hillary decided TO go on
to the Pole.
Most Of the trek was made In
he never-ending daylight Of the
Antartic summer. The party
Travelled at might" when
temperatures dropped a little
and the snow surface was
harder. They slept during the
day" when the air was
warmer
Each daily march started
about 5 pm. and finished the
following morning.
Dog Teams Scout Ahead
In the first stages the dog
teams Jagged behind the We
hicles. But as q friendly rivalry
developed. the dog teams gained
the lead in the FIRST days Of De-
cember. They secuted ahead
and radioed details Of the coun-
try ahead. The dog team S
reached Depot 700. IS hours
ahead Of the tractor party.
The British party under
Fuchs. crossing from the other
side Of the continent. set out
from Shackleton Base on the
Weddell Sea October 10. But
the Britons met appalling
weather. At the time Of the
planned rendezvous. the party
was still 900 miles from the
Pole.
The New Zealanders met
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03

PARASITIC Pasteur Insti-
tute was created In 1888 in
Paris. Today IL Pasteur Insti-
tutes throughout the world are
carrying on fundamental re-
search in public health and In
preventing. diagnosing. and
curing disease.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03
Continued From First Page

continued FROM EtFst rage
called OF the rest Of the per-
Torrance. Miss callas avoided
the crowd by an underground
passage to her hotel nearby.
The 34-year-old singer sat
YEARLY in her hotel apartment
later and sobbed that she had
been III for days and could not
possibly have completed the
opera.
Miss Callas said she hoped
70 make It up to the public by
singing Norma" Saturday
night. when last nights tickets
viii be honored.
But in Naples another So
prano. Anita Cerquetti. said the
Rome management had wired
her q request to M the role
Saturday. Miss cerQuettl said
she accepted.
Leaves Trail Of Disputes
Last nights conductor. Ga
briele Santini. said the singer
Informed US yesterday the con-
dition Of her voice was not good
However. we advised Miss Callas
to face the performance all the
same because 1t would have
been impossible to find q SUBJ
stitute for her"
Miss Calais has left q lengthy
international trail Of name
calling contract disputes and
last-minute cancellation Of per-
formances since she scared 10
the musical top after World
War II. Critics have noted in
recent months that her highest
tones have sounded increasingly
shrill and Prayer. and her cam
cellations for vocal "indisposi-
ton" have become more fire.
quent.
The opening night crowd Of
5000 included Italian Presi-
dent Giovanni Gronchi and his
wife. several cabinet ministers
movie stars Gina Lollobrigida
and Anna Magnani. and other
fashionably dressed celebrities.
Norma" is one Of the most
difiicult soprano roles in opera
and one that Miss Callas has
made her own. She has sung
1t TO great acclaim on opening
nights at New York's Metro
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03
Food and Oil Stored

Hillary's original destination
was q point 700 miles inland
from McMurdo Sound in the
direction Of the pole.
Travelling by snow tractors.
the expedition deposited caches
of food and fuel for the British
party led by DR.. Fuchs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03
Hillary SmoIl- Town Boy,
Prominent Only 5 Years

revealed that his Nepalese
mountain guide. Tenztng. had
haved him from pluning into a
crevice and certain death as
they were in sight Of their goal.
Back home Hillary married
Louise Rose. the daughter Of
another mountain climber. He
tok his bride on a lecture tour
around the world. then went
back for more Himalayan
climbing as the leader Of the
New Zealand Alpine Clubs 1854
expedition to the Barun Valley.
During the trek he got pneu-
monia but recovered despite
weather that forced rescue
parties back.
Back home in 1855, Hillary
wrote a book entitled High
Adventure"
Fun Left In World
Plans for the New Zealand
expedition to the Antarctic be-
gan in 1855. with Hillary in at
the start. He was asked whether.
after climbing Mount Everest, 1t
would be difficult to find new
worlds to conquer. He replied:
mo. there is still q bit Of fun
left in the world"
Last year at this time he was
busy stalking out the base camp
for the expedition about three
miles from the United States
Nays McMurdo Sound base.
introduced to the United States
Navy commander as "Sir Ed
mund." he asked the American
skipper for his first name.
Dave" replied Capt. David w.
Canham. jr.
We'll" replied the conquerer
Of Everest, Just call me Ed"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03
BRITISH
Continued Prom First Pag.

Continued From First Page
Der that the government de-
cided TO force Britains to
economic.
The bank rate" the coun-
try's basic interest rate. was
raised from five per cent To
seven per cent. Ceilings were
put on the volume Of bank
credit. Capital investment ex-
pansion In nationalized indus
tries trails. electricity. gas. coal.
housing. etc. was halted. All
wages in government-conne
industries were frozen. Gov
eminent influence was thrown
against wage increases in all
industries unless an increase in
efficiency could be proved--and
then only after most of the
benefits from new efficiency
had been returned to the pub
lie IN the form Of price cuts.
Britons groaned. They could
not win pay increases. They
could not buy on credit the
homes and appliances they
needed. And hopes for an early
let-up in austerity were killed.
But the government did not
relent. As far as Mr.. Macmil.
Ian and Mr.. Thornycroft were
concerned. the groans only in
dicated the policy was working.
There were other indications
of success. Europe stopped
talking about possible devalu-
alton OF the pound. From the
legal low OF sl.7o. the value OF
the pound rose quickly TO more
than $3.50. And monthly for
eign exchange balances imme-
diately began to show a healthy
surplus. Prices leveled OF even
II they did not drop much. So
did wages.
As the new year begins. Brit
ain still is not out of danger.
There is no reserve Of hard
money big enough to safeguard
against future crisis. Britain
had to defer It's regular Deem
Der 81 payments ttotaling site
millionl on postwar American
and Canadian loans, for in
stance, so that the reserves
could be permitted TO grow q
little.
Unions May Rebel
Industry has knuckled under
to the new restrictions with
relative good grace. but work.
ers are dissatisfied. The big
unions were quiet In the last
part Of 1857. but several say
their men must have more
money this year. or they will
walk out.
Eyes are on the public-owned
railroad system. The workers
have a strong union. It's wage
gains tend to set the pattern
for all British unions. The rail
union wants more money. and
1t has indicated 1t will strike II
the government does not give
in.
The government says it won't
bulge.
II the union does 60 after
significant increases and If the
government dam does break,
then the present tough policy
will be swept away in the flood.
II the government wins. how
ever. 1t may lose such public
popularity that Mr.. Macmil-
lan's position will be under
mined. Faced with the posi-
bility Of defeat in the next
elections-to be held In q year
or so-the Conservatives could
decide to Junk Mr.. Macmillan
or his policy and resume the
paternalism Of the welfare
efofa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-01-03
Hillary at South Pole
After Overland Drive
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
the time the expedition was
first planned. NY thanks 60
In particular to every member
Of the expedition whose sup
port in Antarctica put US where
we are now"
Gasoline Almost Gone
The unused drum Of gaso-
line would have taken him only
20 more miles or so. he re-
ported. adding:
We were cutting 1t rather
fine due to the very soft snow
encountered. The tractors are
showing signs of wear and
tear, but have gone manifi-
Gently in quite unsuitable con-
ditions."
Expedition plans originally
had been for Hillary to APP
proach only to within 500 miles
of the Pole. There he would
establish a camp to await DR..
Vivian Fuchs Of Britain. COM
ing from the other direction.
Fuchs British Commonwealth
expedition hopes to be the first
to make q transcontinental
trek Of Antarctica. At the last
moment. Hillary decided to
head for the Pole.
Fuchs headquarters in Lon
don said 1t assumed he was
about 200 miles from the pole
today. It was believed the last
message received from him was
garbled and that he was closer
than the 800 miles he had given
as his position.
70 Miles In "a Hours
Hillary said his party made a
forced march Of 70 miles in "a
hours to complete the dash and
stopped only when the build
ings Of the American base were
q black blob on the snowy
landscape two miles ahead.
Tomorrow morning the
tractors start up again and
trundle forward the. last little
distance to the end Of the
road" he mesSaged.
At the polar base the Ameri-
cans were sleeping when Scott
Base phoned that the New Zea-
landers were just down the
road.
Hillary's companions are
Murray Ellis. Peter Mulgrew.
Jim Bates and Derek Wright.
Hillary's party followed much
Of the l.20O-mile route of Capt.
Robert F. Scott Of the British
Navy. who raced Roald Amund-
sen Of Norway for the pole in
the Antarctic S u m m e r Of
19l1-l2.
Amundsen won by q month.
becoming the discoveNr Of the
South Pole. SCOTS iive-man
party persisted on the way back
to the coast at McMurdo Sound.
Food and OIL Stored
Hillary's original destination
was q point 700 miles inland
from McMurdo Sound in the
direction Of the pole.
Travelling by snow tractors.
the expedition deposited caches
of food and fuel for the British
party led by DR.. Fuchs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
Assistont to the President Called
Biz Game in House Investigation

position Of the presidential
power of appointment. It
may not be quite true to say
that its rules are devised to
enable Congress not to do
what it does not want to do.
but the remark is close
enough to the actual condi-
ton as distinguished from
theory.
Actually the Harris inquiry
exists because Of Speaker
RAyburn'S mounting anger
and Illustration over what he
conceived to be the Adams
technique Of repeal through
appointment Of the laws Gre
ating the regulatory agen-
cies. Control by Mr.. Adams
Of White House patronage is
an undisputed fact Of life
here.
Mr.. Rayburn's argument,
often voiced. is that "Eisen-
hover Democrat" is a eu-
phemism for q conservative
who would be a Republican
if he didn't live in the South
or have some emotional tie
to the party of Jefferson. Mr..
Rayburn goes on to charge
that Mr.. Adams has stacked
the agencies with conserva-
tives, frustrating the intent
Of Congress to make them
truly bipartisan and also
setting the fox to watch the
chickens.
The Speaker does not par
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
DOROTHY THOMPSON
U.S.. Responsibility in Algeria

their task as a purely mill
tary job.
Is it the business of the
army to try to win over the
Arab population? Some of its
leaders think so. Or is it to
regard all the Arabs as
Cooks" and put down a re-
bellion by overwhelming and
ruthless forces? Is the army
there to save the honor Of
France? Or Is 1t there to pro-
tect the economic interests
Of the feudal barons among
the colonists. many Of whom
are not Frenchmen at all,
but Maltese. Greeks, Sicilians,
men from the whole Levant,
who have amassed enormous
fortunes. who think the
French army is their instru-
ment. who have their agents
in Paris, and their own
means Of influencing the top
brass in Algiers?
II the Algerian question is
not solved quickly. and re-
gardless of selfish personal
interests, not only France but
the West will lose influence
in the whole Eastern Medi-
terranean and there will be
a serious crisis in France, it.
self. America cannot escape
her role in bringing about a
solution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEREL

Secretary at Federal Communications Commission to
caller: "Are you friend Of the commissioner" Caller
YEAH isn't everybody"
~
Democrats gather in Washington for a $100-a plate
dinner One Democrat bought 10 tickets and invited his
friends listen to the speakers tell how bad times
For the granting Of TV licenses the Federal Commune
cations Commission has members. The odd is
there in Of a tie-between House and Senate
Harold Stassen doing well in his for Gov
Of Pennsylvania Thus far he's had three Endorsements
than two of which were from the same person.
The Federal Reserve Board increases credit to halt the
slump this doesn't work, Ike will take drastic action
and ask everybody to Cooperate
First Senator: HAS your name been mentioned in the
TV license investigations" Second Senator mo- sir My
proudest boast election will be that totally without
influence in Washington"
Harry Truman comes to Washington to make speech.
Several Republicans disappointed him. They dropped dead
before he could tell them to.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Appropriations for YugosIovio, Poland
And India Expected to Stir Fiqht

~
natural that our active allies
Turkey, Wet Nam, National
list China and South Korea)
should receive sufiicient arms
to permit them to resist any
kind of aggression by either
the USSR or Communist
China. They do not have the
means to produce weapons
except Turkey, which can
manufacture small arms but
not heavy equipment or
planes. Neutralism is I'M
known either to the govern
ment or people Of these ma
tons. although they are di.
rectly under the guns Of the
enemy. The administration
Is endeavoring to white
down the ground forces over
the protests of their respec-
tive governments. on the
other hand, our Western Eu-
ropean allies who have an in
dustrial potential as good as
ours are in a position to pro-
vide their own armament.
Instead, these allies such as
Britain are cutting down the
conventional forces and ex-
pect US to provide them with
guided missiles. The best they
are willing to do for the COM
mon cause is to provide the
necessary sites for our pro-
spective IRBMs.
Germany could produce as
good If not better noncon-
ventional weapons than ours
at cheaper cost. But the Bonn
Republics admission to the
NATO was accepted by
France and the other Eu-
ropean members Of the coali-
ton with the provision that
she will not be allowed to
manufacture such weapons.
She is. in fact. a second-class
member Of the coalition be-
cause Of the fears Of the West
Europeans that she might
become once more q military
power.
Under present world con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21

Tnefe was an inevitable
revulsion among rank-and-
file Senators and Represent
atives when they read Presi-
dent Eisenhower's message
asking tor another "a billion
for foreign economic and
military aid.
With the cost of living
creeping upward, high taxes
and an uncertain economic
situation ct home, 1t is only
natural that the legislators
and particularly the Re-
publicans who face an uphill
struggle next November
should wonder how the
American people viii feel II
they are burdened with an
other 81 billion in expendi-
lures abroad.
1t was recognized, however,
that there is some merit In
the Chief Executives claim
that much Of this outlay is
intended to strengthen our
own national defense. This
theme song has been re-
peated since 1850. In those
eight years we have con-
tributed $38 billion for that
purpose. Yet only a few
months ago we heard loud
laments from our defense ex-
perts that America and her
allies are weaker than the
USSR and her satellites.
Moreover. our allies in West
ern Europe. while accepting
the Am erican taxpayers
dollars. play the interna-
tional game to suit their own
interests and are revising
downward their defense 20.
tential.
Senate and House leaders
of both parties feel, how
ever, that after some prun.
ing Of the administrations
estimates they will be able
to obtain approval Of a salts
factory foreign assistance
program on a selective ba-
sis. This means that Con-
gress. itself. will single out
the recipients and how much
each Of them will receive.
The administration is ask.
ing. for instance, SIS billion
in direct military assistance
for its allies. This means &C
tual weapons. This amount
viii be seriously debated. It Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
DORIS FLEESON

The big game in the House
inquiry into the regulatory
agencies is Sherman Adams.
the Assistant to the Presi-
dent. His name consistently
pops up in testimony before
the Harris subcommittee,
and it was inevitable that it
should.
The question is what the
subcommittee will and can
do about it. Mr.. Adams re-
fused to testify on the part
he played in the Dixon
Yates power contract, plead
ing the doctrine of separation
of powers. The Dixon-Yates
inquisitor, Senator Kefauver,
who had no reason to spare
Mr.. Adams, did not press
him.
At least one Washington
lawyer has now drawn up a
brief purporting to prove
that Mr.. Adams claim to
confidential and therefore in
violable privilege is untena-
BILE. Any layman venturing
into this field can doubtless
find lawyers on both sides
and any quantity of learned
constitutional discussion.
Yet as q practical matter,
Congress can, if it really
wishes to do so, effectively
spotlight Mr.. Adams and his
unique rule over the day-to-
day operations Of the Gov
eminent. including the dis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
America Seen Unable to Escape Role
For Seeking Solution in Dispute

Israel's army leader and prob
ably next Premier. has been
pressing for A-bombs. To de-
fend Israel against whom?
Certainly not the Soviets.
Our Government has tried
to avoid taking q stand on
the Algerian question. But
with nearly half q million
French soldiers in Algeria,
who are part Of NATO's con-
tinental manpower. European
defense is weakened by just
that much.
Political and military ques-
tons are, in fact, indissolu-
BILE. Nor can weapons be un-
scrambled or strings put on
their use once they have left
our hands. Thus q military
alliance carries with it, de
facto, q political response.
bility, in the Algerian case
the more so because there is
so little responsibility in
Paris.
French governments come
and 60 with such rapidity
that a consistent and con-
tinuing policy is impossible
all power in France is in the
Chamber Of Deputies. the
Parliament, where any gov
eminent can be ousted by a
shift In votes. There is no
executive to make and carry
out foreign policies. AS in
all legislative assemblies, pres
sures from interest groups
continually operate. Thus
there is perpetual executive
paralysis. The army in Al
geria receives no clear direc-
tives because there Is no
source from which they can
come. Therefore the generals
take matters into their own
hands.
But war is too serious a
matter TO be left to generals,
as has been remarked before.
Usually they are unconscious
Of political consequences. and
In Algeria those generals who
are politically minded are
opposed by others who see
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
DONL9 rLEE9ON
Adams and the Agencies Probe

ticularly blame the agency
commissioners for being what
they are, reasoning that If
they were different, Mr..
Adams would not let them
have the jobs. Hence Mr..
Rayburn's irritation when the
ex-counsel for the subcom-
mittee, Bernard Schwartz,
began by focusing attention
on the shortcomings of the
commissioners.
1t does not now appear
that Mr.. Rayburn has man
aged to get the inquiry on
what he views as the right
track, despite his undoubted
influence with the new SUBJ
committee chairman. Repre-
sentative Oren Harris.
Mr.. Harris, himself, is very
much on the spot because Of
his own past attitudes. which
are conservative and not too
far away from those Of Mr..
Adams. He is the author Of
the embattled bill to free nat
ural gas from Federal regu-
lation, and Of all the 40
States, his own-Arkansas-
is sviewed as being most
strongly under the influence
Of the private utilities.
For these reasons, many
House members feel he is
now miscast as inquisitor Of
the regulatory agencies.
Some liberals refused to vote
funds for the inquiry until
after they had received as
surances Mr.. Harris would
not be its head.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-02-21
Innuendo and Association Guilt

such reforms. there Is little
sign that Congress. itself,
has paid much attention to
them. Every wrong allegedly
committed in the Mccarthy
hearings has been committed
over again In recent hearings
but with even less basis for
the Charges than in the
controversy over Communist
activities and associations.
II 1t Is wrong for Senators
to visit members of an inde-
pendent commission and to
plead for their constituents.
there is no law on the statute
books and no rule Of either
house that SAYS so. If Q law
yer hired by an interested
party can arGue with q COM
missioner about a pending
case, then q Senator can, too,
and so can q presidential
assistant or anybody else
provided the commissioners
themselves do not adopt a
rule or code declining to per-
nit such contacts. which
they really should do.
There is. of course, a CON
flict of interest" problem
that has not yet been cleared
up. Should a commissioner
who is financially obligated to
an attorney disqualify him
self from the case or refuse
to see the attorney? This Is
a matter Of propriety. It does
not mean that the commits
sioner is unable to deal with
a case honestly on its merits.
But judges on the bench have
often diSQualined themselves
If they had any financial re-
lationship with a client or
his representatives.
Had the current inquiry
been confined to a clarif1ca-
ton Of this point and of the
doubtful right Of Senators
and House members to dis
cuss pending cases with men,
bers Of independent commits
sions. 1t would have been a
constructive thing. But to al
low names to be banded
about in the press, without
any more basis than has been
uncovered thus far. is to put
innocent persons unjuStly on
the defensive in the court Of
public opinion.
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