davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Diario las Américas., 1958-12-18

70: "Ninguna calumnia nj cam
pana para difamarme puede
ocultar ell hecho de que la Ope-
racion Panamericana es I'm
asunto en- marcia. Sc ha mi
ciado una nueva Ease para las
Americas, pese a los esfuerzos
de quienes les gustaria tergi.
versar la Situaeion. FL hecho es,
que EStadoS Unidos Y todas las
demas repdblieas americans la
apoyan."
No es la primera vez que
Schmidt Sc We envuelto en- con.
troversias. A los SO amos, Sc lie
considera una de las persona.
lidades mas interesantes de la,
escena politica brasilena. En-
I'm TEMPO, aclamado como uno
de los mas destacados escrito-
res de SUI pals, la mayoria de sus
colega record6 Schmidt
Sc volvieron en- SUI contra Guam.
do dejo la bohardilla del poe
ia para fundar una de las prin.
cipales empresas brasilenas de
cadenas de tiendas de comesti-
bles. "Algunas personals cesar
de considerable a uno como I'm
escritor.
Pero cuando Sc uni6 al Pre-
sidente Kubitschek, amigo de
antigua data, en- preparation de
un programa economico para las
Americas, miembros del particle
de o~posicion lie invitaron a que
siguiera com ~oescritor.
Comunistas y nacionalistas lie
acusaron de "venderse" a Es-
tados Unidos. Ell ala derecha,
dijo, lie acuso de "chantage" a
Washington con su ambicioso
programa.
Schmidt que viste mas como
poeta que como hombre de ne
gocios, admiti6 haber recurrido
a metodos ortodoxos, en- la me-
sa de conferencias de Washing
ton, Pero explic6 que SUI pro-
p6sito primordial era "romper
la barrera de silencio que sepa-
ra al publico de Estados Unidos
de los problemas de America
Latina"
y Algunos de sus metodos des-
usados incluyeron la lectura de
I'm mensaje del Presidente de
Italia, Giovanni Gronchi, de
elogio a la Operation Paname-
ricana, y la dramatizaci6n del
reto economico de la Union So
vietica, citando las propias es-
tadisticas de Mosci, sobre ell
crecimiento comparative de la
Union Sovietica y Estados Uni
dos.
Pero aun sus criticos de Wa
shington elogiaron a Schmidt,
por haber conseguido atraer la
atenci6n publica. Mediante edi-
toriales y despachos noticiosos,
Operation Panamericana" Sc
convirti6 en- una especie de di-
visa de la prensa de Estados
Unidos.
Algunos observadores Green
que, al establecer la impression
de 81 mismo como un negocia-
dor impaciente y Temperament
tai, Shmidt puede haber ayuda-
do a la conferencia a zafarse
de sus engorrosos detalles de
procedimiento, que caracteri.
zan usualmente las reuniones
de la Union Panamericana.
Schmidt reconcile que mo
abrigo muchas esperanzas' de
que Sc logren resultados positi-
vos, apenas terminada la reu-
MON de los 81, pero, anadi6:
"Ahora estoy cierto de que EN-.
tPasa a la Pag. 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
MARRIAGE
LICENSE
APPLICATIONS

Under d. c. lao couples
must apply for a marriage
license on one day. matt three
fun days and recetpe the
license on the nth dav. Sun
daps and holidays are counted
the same as other days.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

and infections. particularly Of
the mouth. Anemia follows
and there may be a crisis
about the 30th day. II the pa
tient survives his convalescence
should be complete by the goth
day.
Whole body exposure 10 from
one 10 SO roentgens usually will
produce no recognizable symp-
toms. In an emergency situa-
ton there is generally no medi-
cal problem.
Should the dose be between
81 and so roentgens. however
1t is believed that the mutation
rate In offspring is double the
expected, normal rate.
II the radiation dose is be-
tween 81 and 100 roentgens,
the symptoms will be mostly
trivial. They viii be mild be-
tween l0l and $50 roentgens
and disqualification is not likely
10 be required.
But. II the exposure is be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

tween isi and 200 roentgens
about 81 per cent OF the VIC
tims win develop the acute "a
diation syndrome. describec
above.
Their chances are good al.
though many will require hos.
pitaliEation. blood transfusioni
and antiblotics. Perhaps they'l
be back 10 work In three Of
four months.
Larger Doses
Should the dose be between
20i and 400 roentgens inten-
sive treatment IL required. Il
done promptly. most win sur
vive.
A dose between t0i and 500
roentgens Is considered severe,
The amount Of damage 10 the
bone marrow win determine the
outcome, but the prognosis Is
poor.
II the dose Is between sol
and 900 roentgens. damage 70
the gastrointestinal tract and
the skin occurs. Survival
chances are poor.
The guiding principal for
any Pathological health pro-
gram. the Journal says. should
be that no exposure level ~"
Is capable Of reduction should
be considered q safe is,
For example. diognosi'c =.
ray machines have been inn
proved 10 the point where ex-
posture Of the patient Is cut
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

A discussion Of The Uses OF
Solid Polyurethanes" win head
line the May meeting Of the
Washington Rubber Group.
division Of American Chemical
Society, az 9 pm. Wednesday
In the PEPco auditorium.
The group win hold q pre-
meeting dinner at $50 at the
National Press Club. Four
tenth and y streets NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
Rothbone to Quit
For Guam Post

Tom @. Rathbone. director
of the District Department Of
Vocational Rehabilitation. will
retire June 80 to take a new
post in the territory Of Guam.
Mr.. Rathbone, So. said yes
terday he accepted a two-year
contract this week to establish
a new vocational rehabilitation
program for Guam.
He has been in charge Of the
District governments rehabili-
tation service since 1858. The
departments staff Of Al coun-
sells disabled persons. pays for
job training and physical re-
Mobilization and guides them
into useful occupations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
More symptoms

For the next two or three
days the syndrome progresses
rapidly. There may be bleeding
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

out 70 nave genuine CONNER
cial merit.
Whose property is the idea
or invention, anyway? The
employees or the boss?
According to a recent study
Of prevailing law on the sub
ject done for the University of
Southern California by Attor-
ney Arthur N. Bishop. the ordi-
nary suggestion usually be-
comes the property of the boss.
This assumes, though, among
other things, that the idea does
not amount to a new method,
arrangement or device which is
a complete invention in itself.
For generally. unless the en-
ploye was hired to work on the
particular idea he developed or
specifically as an inventor for
the company. he keeps title to
any marketable inventions or
systems he works out.
Mr.. Bishop points out that
in most employer-employe sit
uations the matter is not COW
cred by express agreement or
contract. Yet in view Of the
great interest these days in
n1oney-making possibilities and
the Jealous assertion Of indi-
vidual property rights, it is
daily becoming more important.
Quite a complex body Of law
has developed in recent years
which governs this facet of
the boss-worker relationship
where 1t is not covered by ex-
press agreement.
For example, the worker who
comes up with a patentable in
vention or new system during
his employment may have to
share the use Of his idea with
his employer. In such cases
that is, where the employee de-
velops his invention on COM
pany time with company labor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

sometimes 10 one-thirty- NTH
Of the former level.
IF all aspects Of this prob
lem that require prompt action
are 10 get Il. Il is essential
that the public be intelligently
alerted 10 the need for n great
ly expanded Pathological health
program the Journal COP.
cludes.
such a program must avol .
creating fears that would
hamper constructive develop
ment."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

IMfa 1.NH uN. fatAAAN atN
license on the nth day. Sun
days and holidays are counted
the same as other DAYS.
Ploutafehos xsnofontos. 10. iTe0 p q
~. and Sophia pousesiannl 20
c.rlos ! 2r.nsursp. %. 5ss Lsnsisl,
$40 Nebraska ave, nv,
willie ,. whitmlre. 10, 15a seaton Pl
nes and Kllsn Aaksw, TO- I'LL
c' asss,. Ems as 81 sn e6ui a9s
and Bstly n Alish' so 1910 psFI
Thomas "a sg, y, = "a e. Ii,: o &. so
Pior,ds n1 ave- s
and judith A. butler. "a. LAneas-
''::s s. sSss;'L Love v: ~ lsoi's!a.s:G
'o.I.' i si both "a q $50 S sSSs%sSS;.ia
rho a 4. Martinsz. 60. west Hya.ts.
James NJ Richards. -. 4nla Mash
ne. and Laura v. Brooke o. a..o
~: nj Man mi i: &: HsIt e. irf ISL 8
S' .as srsS:Im. J. NAY IS. SosS On
tario ID, nv. =. ..a ,.... :.
''n n.S.. = and HiSis K. Dick. 20, oO4
Kennedy 81 NV.
Robert II. Messler, 20, Arlington. and
jayne A. Donahne' 26 kiiaaoetn'
John tonGs,rsst, 4: q. . l:i: MO yS
Ms a2s q s 81 hin Sc. 50 Eye st. ne,
and Minnie Z Crawford a. 7s'
A% ~ s,,Si: /. Is s.l ~ r. lS IS sS
Bradley L. Kaskin. 81. i4st shericsHp
al. NV. and Deanna werber, Nv,
144i North Gate I'd ~.
I SCI and Princess c. Johnston, 81
IS Randolph pl nv
and Ruth Z. outlaw 30. ooo3 ioth
Ernest csnnady, 90. 1908 p at NV
and Theima willmon' g. iAi7 D
Joseph N ssdsr. IS. stIs wagner ~! 4;
Maurice lnss 3 ". Il unt,r, 20. i.as critt.a-
den &. ne, and Dolores Parker H.
Thomas SE 20. J. smith. IS. s42s cennsetl-
cut ave. NV, and Mariory W. OIL
Bert, az, Aberdeen, Nd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

Tuesday: Getting out Of to1is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

or materials-the employer may
acquire shop rights" to the
new idea. This means the boss
gets an implied license to use
his workers invention without
charge-although title may still
be in the employee, who is free
to exploit it elsewhere if he can.
To save a lot Of money. trou-
BILE and i'll feeling. says Mr..
Bishop, businessmen would be
well advised to have their law
yers draft agreements covering
employe inventions prior to
hiring.
Tuesday: Getting out Of toxis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
TODAY IN MEDICINE
A-Age Requires
AIerted Public
BY CHARLES @. BROOKS
star stan Writer

The public should be "nteigently aerted" 10 the need
for vastly expanded radoogcal health program the Journal
Of the American Medical Association believes.
An editorial In the current Issue points out that radio
active Industrial wastes present far greater hazards 10 the
Of x-rays.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18
LAW IN THE NEWS
Who Owns Contents
Of Suggestion Box?
BY PHIL YEAGER and JOHN STARK
Special Writers for The star

The employee suggestion box" responsible for great
deal Of the made in the commercial wordso much
that companies offer standing to employees
who come up with disable ideas.
But the device may lead larger problem one which
likely to wind up in court II the employees idea turns
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-05-18

protective measures before
widespread casualties have oc-
Cured through neglect" the
editorial states.
"As more and more indus
tries develop sources Of nuclear
power their efforts 10 cut costs
must be closely watched Ia
assure that this Is not done at
the expense Of increasing
hazards"
Single Eject
Physicians find that all types
of penetrating ionizing radia-
tons. slngly or combined. pro-
duce one specific clinical pic
ture when absorbed In too great
a degree.
The group Of symptoms APP
pear within two hours after
exposure.
There Is q sudden onset OF
nausea, apathy, drowsiness and
fatigue. Within eight hours
after exposure there is vomiting
and prostration which then
rapidly subsidies.
BY the third day there are
usually no symptoms. But. this
is only the first phase.
The patient may feel quite
well until the 10th or goth day
after exposure when there is
a sudden onset Of chills, fever
and labored breathing.
More symptoms
For the next two or three
fdove the exrvadYsOYraa r.rOorocooc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-15
HARRIS q EWING PHOTOS

As distressing as constipation can be
in normal" people without special
conditions or illnesses, chronic irreg-
ularity can be extremely aggravating
even dangerous-in some cases. If
you are on the list, you've probably
been cautioned already by your own
physician, to avoid harsh laxatives
and purgatives. Your doctor may have
indicated concern about the strain
ing" that goes with constipation
particularly in cardiac. high blood
pressure, and similar cases), and he
may already have recommended
SARAKA. SARAKA works naturally,
effectively, the way nature intended
your system TO work = gently,
smoothly, without stress or harsh
ness. SARAKA is easy and pleasant to
take, after meals or before bed. Al
your drug store or drug counter. For
generOus free sample, write to SARAKA,
Dept. MI, KenilwOrth, N. j.
SARAkA
"naturaI way to regularity"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-15

the Apostles, with Peter as les first
leader-the first Pope"
The Mass, Father Crane con-
tinued, was the central act of pub
lie worship in the early Church,
as it is today. There were seven
Sacraments for the early Chris
tians - seven for Catholics the
world over today. Catholics of
1900 years ago confessed TO a
priest, and they do so today. Cath
olics believed then, as now, that
Baptism removes original sin. :.
that matrimony is a Sacrament,
not just a civil ceremony ;. that
bishops and priests receive their
powers through a Sacrament insti-
tuted by Christ.
Many people" Father Crane
concluded. would be Catholics if
they knew the truth. So we ask
thar you investigate and learn
whar the Church teaches and what
Catholics sincerely believe"
A free pamphlet explaining
why Chrisr's followers are no long
er united in Hone Fold" will be
sent in a plain wrapper. And no
body will call on you. Write for
Pamphlet No. MG-30.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-15

Jim Brown read these words in the
Gospel of St. John and was deeply
disturbed.
Elsewhere in his Bible :. in the
Epistle 70 the EPhesians &. he
noted the exhortation of ST. Paul
that there be One Lord, one Faith,
one Baptism.
Where" he asked Father
Crane, is this unity of which the
Bible speaks? How is anyone to
know which is the one Fold :.
the one Faith :. the one Baptism
when Christ's followers are divid-.
ed into many denominations, hold
ing conflicting beliefs?"
The priest agreed that good and
sincere people are indeed confused
by the claims and counter-claims
of a divided Christianity. Instead
of travelling on a single highway
clearly marked with the words:
Come - follow me-" they find
themselves wandering in a net
work of roads and signs pointing
in all directions.
But how" Jim persisted, can
the average person know what to
do? When doctrinal claims con-
tradict one another, how am TO
know which is right and which is
wrong?"
A study of Christian history,
Father Crane replied, will provide
a better answer for the troubled
and confused than would a study
ofoonflicting creeds.
History will tell you, Jim" the
priest went on, that Christ pro-
claimed His intention to establish
a Church, with Peter as its head
and the other Apostles as its bish-
ops. History further tells US that
this is the Catholic Church, which
was established during the time of
sur RE "A <
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-06-15

potentiary of the Chinese Embassy who holds degree
in English and sociology from Obern College, has taught
classes in Chinese cookery at the YWCA for the last four
years. Wives of military and foreign service officers who
have been stationed in the Far East and few who
enjoy whipping up Chinese dishes fill her classes.
I'm Washington, have to cook" she explains "for
have only part-tme maid But even in China. where
we had four servants often cooked the family meals
Mrs Constante Batoon wife of the Cultural Attache
OF the Philippine Embassy is of Washngtons busiest
club resident the District for II years. she
is president the Association of Philippine American
Women first president of the District Federation of
Womens Clubs vice president of NeghbOrhood Club No.
and member Of the Capital Ladies' Speakers Club.
Mrs. Pyo Wook Ham, wife of the Minister Plenpoten-
dary of the Korean Embassy is really CDR Ham, for she
holds Phi D. in cultural anthropology from the University
Of Michigan She grade mother" at the East Silver
Spring School, where her 7-year-old Victor is a pupil
Most of my interests these days domestic" Mrs
Han says Being grade mother involves helping the
teacher with health examinations and various school
projects teephonng parents and giving parties for the
children. think is fortunate to attend school
where the teachers really dedicated to their work.
Mrs. Selma M. Sheikh, wife of the Counselor Of the
PakStan Embassy, is social worker and lectures
PakStan She also works diligently in the International
Chdren Theater active in projects sponsored by the
Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries and the League of
Women Voters, and to weekly Spanish class. Mrs
Eduardo A. Garcia wife of the Argentine Ambassador to
the Organization of American States. also attends.
Mrs Meherangz Munsf, wife of the Second Secretary
Of the Indian Embassy travels the United States
ecturing for the Bahaf World Faith She also student
Of the American Indian and is studying Spanish
There many other talented, capable women
attached to Washngtons "a Embassies and Legations who
studying. teaching and giving time to worthwhile
endeavors in this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07

Co. 1915 E street NV, is NOV.
ing to 1915 G street NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07
Bond Drive
Stressed by
Mrs. Priest

Some rs Washington leaders
gathered at lunch today at the
Sheraton Carlton Hotel to hear
Mrs. Ivy Baker Priest, Treas
urer of the United States, dis
cuss the Importance Of the
Share = in America Savings
Bond Campaign to start here
May 5.
This is described as "the most
active bond drive since World
War H." 1t is designed to en-
phasize greater participation in
payroll savings to purchase
United States savings bonds,
Series E and H. Mrs. Priest
stressed the Importance of this
as an aid to the Nations econ
omy and defense. The drive
will run until June /.
H. Holmes Vogel. vice presi-
dent, Chesapeake & Potomac
Telephone Co., is chairman OF
the Districts Share-in-emer-
lea Savings Bond Campaign,
He invited the prominent citi-
zens to attend the luncheon
meeting today to discuss the
drive.
Distinguished guests includ-
ed the presidents Of District
Bankers Association. the saw
ings g. Loan League. Real Es-
tate Board and past chairmen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07
WINGS & WHEELS
By CHARLES YARbRoucH

pockets, including litter bags,
Upper pockets inside the
trunk and a matching set of
f1berglas luggage: expanding
leather straps to keep groceries
upright.
One has provided a snap-on
cover in the trunk for the "un-
lovely spare tire"
Public reaction to the new
touches and ideas will deter
mine their possible inclusion in
future GIN production. accord
ing to Harriet j. Earl, vice presi-
dent In charge Of styling.
y y y
LOckheed very quietly (Which
also means without fanfare)
brought the new prophet Elec-
ira into Andrews Air Force
Base last week. Some of the
experts. including L. w: Burton,
National Airport director and
Naval Reserve pilot. termed its
operation very quiet"
The LOckheed Jetstar, q two
Jet utility transport built with
the Air Force in mind, is due
in here about the end of this
month for another first.
+ y 4 \
Ford premiered two Of its
German-built cars at Tavern
On-the-G Green in New York's
Central Park last week. looking
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07

On the theory that If one
listens to q woman's every
within something good is bound
to result. General Motors is
showing on the woman's touch
in automobiles.
A collection Of 10 automobiles
tailored to suit a woman's taste
by women designers who make
UP 10 per cent Of GINS styling
staff, went on display in De-
troit yesterday to run through
April 20.
There is far more to 1t than
how to match alabaster white
and starfire blue. They came
up with a creation called the
Fancy Free Corvette" offering
four different colored seat
sings which can be fitted over
the seats to match the season
or the color Of her dress.
They also put ideas Like this
to work:
A Car0usel station wagon
with q magnetic car game
mounted on the rear Of the
front seat to keep the children
quiet on trips.
A telephone. pencil. note pad
and change dispenser for park
ing meters and toll highways.
Extra storage areas and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07
Grocery Wheels to Hear
Star Sports STAFF COIumnlst

Lewis F. Atchison Of The
Stars Sports Department will
address the Grocery Wheels Of
Washington at 7 pm. tomor.
row at the Kenwood Country
Club. Mr.. Atchison. columnist.
has devoted much Of his time to
the Redskins football team.
At tomorrow's meeting. he
will discuss the sports scene in
general. with emphasis on the
Redskins.
The National Advertising
Agency Of Washington, Inc,
1413 K street NV. has been
appointed regional advertising
agency for the Stauffer Home
Slenderizing Plan. Ted Shane
will be in charge Of this pro-
gram.
Samuel c. Waugh. president
Of the Export-Import Bank
here. expects to attend the oath
annual convention Of the Mex
lean Bankers Association at
Acapulco. April 14-l6.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07
CHICAGO
LIVESTOCK

s. G5EIcA SS9. A sSdo % CsPA {.
butchers; but later trade ana close
dull; only steady TO strong; sow
steady 70 IS higher: No lots
butchers again lacking; only fair ship
ping demand 2-3 20O-23O b. butchers
lbs, 22.OO.22 rs; around 200 head al
22.25: 2-3 4O-y80 lbs. 21.25-21 rs;
a few lots IS 3OO-395 lbs, S0,50.si 90;
2 few lots mixed lsO-ls5 lbs. O,bO-
~ 30; larger lots mixed grade 425-
300 lb sows s.b0-10, SO; q few lots
3Q0-4QO lbs. 10 5O-2O.2b. mostly 500.
500 lbs, 1S.OO-1sbO.
Salable cattle $4,000: calves 200:
slaughter steers moderately active.
but closing slow. steady TO fully 90
higher mostly 30 TO 100 higher:
heifers unevenly, steady 70 100 hiaher
mostly 50 higher. cows and bulls
strong 70 80 higher. vealers fully
steady; stockers and feeders so higher:
q load mostly. prime I.iD3 ID steers
SO 30: a few loads mixed. choice and
prime 80 59- ~ i 6d most choice 200.
ard 4 $50 10 Holsteln 24OO: several
prS 49, 'n most I aood Or ana ef Soe.
1000; utility and commsrcial bull
Gull and utility i4'06-22 90; a LOAD
eood and choice 825 ID yearling stock
steers 90 So; . load mediums 800 II
feeders 22.25 utility and commercia
cows ~. 5O-2l 90; Gamers and cutter
10 90 1880.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-07
ID. C. Executives to Attend
Maryland Utilities Meeting

ID. C. Executives to Attend
Maryland Utilities Meeting
The annual business confer
ence of the Maryland Utilities
Association. to be held in
Baltimore Friday at the Lord
Baltimore Hotel. will be at
tended by representatives Of
Washington utilities firms.
This was announced today
by Robert w. Wilson. vice
president of the Potomac Elec-
trio Power Co.. who is president
Of the association. He will re-
port on the associations ac-
tivities during the past year.
He said officers and directors
for the coming year will be
chosen. Among items to be
discussed are matters pertain
ing to management, govern
mental functions and employe
safety.
Among the Washingtonians
slated to attend the conference
are Oscar Berry. general coun-
sci, and Otis H. Ritenour. vice
president of the Washington
Gas Light Co. H. Holmes Vogel,
vice president of the Chesa-
peake & Potomac Telephone
Co, will also attend.
The general chairman Of the
conference is Robert c. Carder.
manager for the Potomac Edi-
son Co.. Hagerstown, Nd, who
is first vice president Of the as
ISOLATION.
DR.. Kenneth Mcfarland. ed
,ucational consultant. who is
associated with General Motors
Corp, will address the annual
dinner on Selling America 10
Americans" Some 500 mem
bers and guests Of the associa-
ton are expected to partici-
pate.