davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20
The Tragedy Of Being
a Negro In AIobon1o


law to approve them.
Their patience wearing thin.
Mr.. Sellers and three others of
tive group engaged a lawyer who
fled a class suit in their behalf
10 force the board TO register
qualified Negroes.
Move Office
~ decree was issued order
ing the board - register quail.
fled Negroes, bot when Mr..
Sellers returned The next reg
issrssion day with IS or 20
eolored applicants the office
had heen moved again and
they could not find II.
The editor ~ The local news
paper came into she street.
Mr.. Sellers said. =, tell TIER,
that fhe entire board az re1.
istrsrs had resigned. There
were no registrars fvnetionins
in Bullock County Tor the
next year and . half.
Mr. Sellers tried again in
1856 after new board started
functioning. He was given an
application blank which he fill
ed out. aud was told he would
hear from the board He never
did The same thing happened
again In 1857 when he made
two nloie efforts 10 register
Former Florida Governor
Doyle f. Carlton. obviously re-
membering the excuse given b.
Alabama officials for refusing
10 obey their subpoenas that
they are judicial officers CT the
State not subject TO questioning
by a Federal agency in the ex.
ecutive branch of the govern
men. asked Mr.. Sellers about
the order he had been given to
get the hell out of the regis
trar's office.
Was he performing an execp
tive or judicial function when
he said that" Governor Carl
ton asked. A trickle OF laughter
ran through the room
The Rev. Theodore NJ Hes.
burgh. president of the Univer
sity Of Notre Dame. and one
Of the Commissioners. inquired
CT Mr.. Sellers:
DO you intend to keep try.
ing?"
"Oh. yes" Mr.. Sellers answer
ed. I'm determined
"Gcd bless you" said Father
Hesburgh.
Four Negro Voters
In further Questioning. Mr..
Wilkins brought cut that there
are approximately 1000 Ne.
groes in Bullock County and
about 1000 whites. OF these
$500 whites are registered
voters, but only four Negroes.
Asked if he had ever been
arrested or convicted. Mr.. Sci
lers acknowledged one conyic
ton. The anxiety on the fscer
II staff members and spectator,
was obvious until he explained
that he was once fined $40 for
not having tail light on his
truck.
The Tuskegee witnesses rro
yided q marked contrast II the
election officials who had ruled
them ineligible to register and
vote Most had high scholastic
qualifications. Some possessed
masters and electorate degrees.
A great many have bachelors
degrees.
The election officials recitcd
their excuse for not testifying
III nditlHS Hldunci, requiring
coaching and prompting from
their attorneys every four or
five words.
Mr.. Mitchell revealed that the
Tuskegee Civic Association had
detailed records Of every trip
to the registrars office m.ie by
Negro since 1851, together
with the results
He testified that a toal of L.
s48 colored persons applied to
register since 1850, and only
sol of them succeeded in get
ting certificates. He further said
that the 1850 census shows
white population of 3,177, while
in 1858 there are 3.0l6 register.
ed white voters. They outnum.
Der colored registrants six.to.
one.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20
VIEWS Of the
NEWS

the only recognized big man
on the continent. Hence-his OBJ
servers closely watch rising
Kwame Nkrumsh in Ghana, as
. threaat in Pan.African leader
ship. Rumble?
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20

4 Is age on the reaO0s,.,-
o. the infanti.e tho ppsS,'a !!
Gods man. are aftsy . o.
manner man of a mother n %, ,s'
flesh, though their an y, Zoe
pertain T. n, to the spiritual I' ilsa
as in Christian Science nee 'ae'
Is he deformed?
He is wholly symmet,jc,,
the one altogether lovely ,y'l
Is the babe a som
danghter?' ~" OF
BE Both n son and dauchte.
even the compound ide, !,
all that resembles G,l ia q
How no: much does he Weigh,
!, His substance cutwfios,,
the material world. s'S
How old is he?
OF his DAYS there is no bs.
ginning and no endinu ~ 0s'
What is his name,
Christ Science
Who are his parent,
brothers. and sisterso S
His Father and Nother -.
divine Life. Truth. and or' w.
and thev who do the win Is ;,
his Father are his brethrs, y
Is ne heir to an estate, -
1.-The government shall i.
mon his shoulder He h..
dominion over the who.
earth; and in admiration !
his orioin. he exclaimS :
thank Thee. 0 Father. LON
Of heaven and eart.. NJ.
Thou hast lid these thirc
from the wise and prudenr
and hast revealed them ma
babes
Is he wonderful
His works thus prove him,
He givesh power, peace, and
holiness; he exaIieth n.
low!y; he givefh liberty %
the captive, health 10 lhe
sick, salvation from sin 10
The sinner-and overeome,h
the world
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20

tDNDDN - AitnOufn EgyptS
strongmsn, Premier Nasscr, Is
busy In North Africa he Is OF
the opinion that he should hc
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20

The test Of Gods love for
His spi itu1l crcation. Won
the battle ag2i1st cd error
md Herod died The Christ
Spi il lives force
Jesus sail Blessed are
the peacem2kerS for they
shall be called the children
CT God" Matt. 30
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1958-12-20
TIE kia.erisl Cuesiic-s

The following quotations
are from Mrs. Eddy's VIA.
Christmas Means 10 Me.
The material cue stioaS 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
Matter of Definition?

DR.. V. B. Green-Armytage has small
chance of winning any popularity lau-
rels by vote of the fair sex. The former
president of the British Society of Medi-
cine has concluded, on the basis of a
four-year study, that there have been
no women geniuseS in the history of
humankind.
Unfortunately, the news reports on
DR.. Green Armytage'S research are only
fragmentary and are deficient in setting
forth the precise definition of genius
applied by the good doctor. There are,
1t seems, several definitionS-traceable
variouSly to Latin and Arabic origins.
For purposes of commenting on the
doctors conclusion, however, we might
settle on Webster's definition, namely,
extraordinary mental superiority; es-
pecially, unusual power of invention or
origination OF. any kind" On this basis,
it seems to us that DR.. GA is on very
unsound ground in downgrading the
girls.
For example, does he think any,
body short of genius could invent or
originate some of the fashions in dresses
and hats that our women are wearing
and we men are paying for? They don't
all come from fashion houses directed
by men, any more than some of the
inventions" spread on the supper table
may be blamed on the great male chefs
of our time. And If women are not
geniuses, how do they learn to appre-
ciate the 14-karat virtues that every
man thinks he possesses in rich abun-
dance?
If there is Mrs. -Armytage,
and she is able to put up with such a
myopic fellow as DR.. -Armytage,
she must be pretty close to genius
herself.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
'Dish-Eoced' CopitoL

nave b sentimental aI1ec-
ton for the east front of
the Capitol, for there on Sep
TENDER II, 1919, more than
5000 soldiers of the 18th In
fantry gave me their respect
and affection as an indi-
vidual. the only one to re-
ceive this token. To me the
18th Infantry of the 1st Di-
vision was the greatest fight
ing regiment that the United
States has ever had.
I have read most Of the
statements and letters that
have issued regarding the
suggested change in the
east front. There are the
numerous architects, who
differ; and the sentimental
lists who are always "agin"
anything that suggests
change even when improve
ment is needed. All of the
persons who have spoken
seem to have forgotten some
essential facts.
First. the Capitol, as it
stands. is a dish-faced struc-
ture. 1t fails to be magnifi-
cent. This was accomplished
by the architect who built
the Senate and House wings
extending beyond the front
line of the old Capitol. Sec
ond. the dome, when it was
reconstructed was placed on
the axis of the two wings,
and not that of the Capitol
itself. This makes the whole
out Of balance. Third, the
east front has had to be
painted periodically since the
War of 1912, which reminds
us Of our disgrace when the
inadequate defending troops
didn't fight, and the invaders,
led by a severe and fanatical
commander. burned our Capt.
tol and White House.
Every day as I look at the
east front and see the paint
and the dish face of the en-
semble, I sincerely hope that
the recommendations of the
Architects of the Capitol
since 1864 will be carried out.
I hope to see the rebuilt
structure dedicated within
a reasonable time and with
out further delay.
Charles Coulter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
Collapse of the Wall

We shed no tears over the action Of
the House in killing the Freedom Shrine
project. This undertaking, although well
sponsored and inspired by lofty motives,
had suffered from over-zealous pro-
motion, ill-conceived and incomplete
planning and endless controversy and
misunderstanding. 1t had become clear
that there was no assurance that the
multimillion dollar rooflesS structure.
however reduced in size and cost, would
ever become reality in completed form.
The House took the only sensible course
In sending the wall" bill to a COM
mittee shelf. Incidentally, the term
wall" for the monument first was used
by the architect in his early testimony
before congressional committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
Test for Democracy

Senators Kennedy and Cooper have
made persuasive bipartisan appeal for
greater American economic aid to India.
In brief, the Massachusetts, Democrat,
member of the Foreign Relations Com
mittee, and the Kentucky Republican,
a former Ambassador to India, have
Joined In urging that the United States
provide the support needed to guarantee
success of midas currently imperiled
second five-year development plan.
They propose that the United
States take the leading role, but with
good prospect of supplementary support
from other nations of the Western COM
munity, in determining the long-term
need and in underwriting it through a
combination of loans, of purchase pro-
grams in India and of grants in agri-
cultural goods. Senator Cooper esti-
mated that American loans through 1861
might total $500 million, in addition to
the $225 million authorized earlier this
year.
1t is in the political sphere that both
Senator's make their most telling point
in support of their proposal. Their con-
tention, in short, is that India is es-
sentially a democratic nation, that 1t
achieved great economic progress In its
first f1ve-year plan while avoiding an
excess of governmental RECOMMENDATION
and controls. In this respect, 1t offers
marked contrast to its great Asiatic
rival, Communist China, where totali-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
Good-By, Mr.. B

The formidable Nikita KhruShchev
tough, Shrewd and mercileSS-is top
man in the Soviet Union today, top man
in the sense that he is both Communist
Party boss and chief of state.
He has been top man in fact for
some time. But Nikolai Bulganin held
the title of premier, and thus, nomi-
nally, was chief of state. This little
detail has been taken care of. Mr.. Bull
ganin has resigned" and the Supreme
Soviet has installed Mr.. Khrushchev as
his successor. This, of course, comes as
no surprise. But the apparent ease with
which 1t was done suggests that Khru-
shchev really is the boss, perhaps even in
the same sense that Stain was the boss.
At least six comrades were cut
down in the course of the 63-year-old
KhruShchev's climb to the Soviet sum-
nit. First, there was Beria, who was ex-
ecuted. Then came the decisive struggle
last June, when Molotov, Malenkov and
Kaganovich made their Inflated move.
The plan was to elect Molotov as party
secretary, the key post, and to reduce
KhruShchev to Minister of Agriculture.
For time it looked as though Khru-
shchev might be beaten. Bulganin is re-
ported to have wavered in his support,
and that, If true, was a fatal mistake,
as events have demonstrated. Marshal
Zhukov refused to join in the custer
move, however, and this probably saved
the day for Khrushchev. In any event,
he managed to maneuver the dispute
into the Central Committee, which was
packed with his supporters, and Molotov,
Malenkov and Kaganovich were defeated
and consigned to outer darkness. Zhu-
kov was made Defense Minister But he
seemed to forget who was boss and be-
fore long he, too, was ouSted. Now, the
sixth victim-Bulganin-h Smilingly
stepped aside, and Mr.. Khrushchev holds
all the reins in his hands.
1t is futile even to guess as to the
shape of the future. KhruShchev may
hang on for years, or he may be pulled
down by events or by the many bitter
enemies he is bound to have made. The
record, however, commands certain re-
spect for this man. Son of an impover-
ished miner, he had no serious education
until he was q years old. In his rise
through the party hierarchy he was Of
ten regarded as clown or dolt. But
by one means or another-reSourceful
ness, murder, treachery, tenacity-he
has clawed his way to the top. 1t might
be just as well not to sell him short.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
UnpIeusont Facts

The term brush fire" or
Limited" war is often used
by military men. The word
should be "tie" or draw"
The fighting in a brush
fire" or limited" war will be
done on a limited basis only
SO long as neither side makes
substantial gains. Neither the
United States nor Russia will
ever submit to outside domi-
nation as long as they pos
sess what is essentially a de-
cisive weapon.
Neither side, then, will dare
to push any so-called brush
fire" war to a conclusion I'M
less prepared to accept total
nuclear warfare. Any brush
fire war can end only in draw
or deluge. The brush-f1re war
tnat enoS IN a tie or draw
may be long. bloody and de-
structive. as was Korea, but
it must end exactly where it
began with no victory on
either side. The other alter
ative-deluge-is so grim
that it makes the useless
bloodshed Of Korea attractive
by contrast.
These facts are unpleasant
but 1t is time for our military
leaders to accept them as
such, think in these terms,
and quit deluding themselves
and the public with such
euphemisms as brush fire"
or limited" war. Let's clear
the air a little by calling a
spade a spade.
Charles g. Park.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28

tarianism is complete. This contrast. of
course, is clearly evident to all other ma
tions of Asia and Africa and eventually
the virtues of democracy VS.. totalitari-
anism may well be measured by the ma
terial development achieved in the two
big countries. Circumstances beyond its
control-harvests hurt by unfavorable
weather and foreign exchange crisis
are endangering midas current devel-
opment plan, and this prompts the pleas
for help. If withheld, the cause of de-
mocracy in more than India alone could
suffer an incalculable blow"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28

The Passport Office of
Washington is an example
of really fine service to
the public. Director Frances
Knight is to be congratulated
upon the courtesy and eff
ficiency of the clerks and the
generally pleasant atmos-
phere in the Passport Office.
My husband, son and l
applied for passports re-
Gently. We knew that 1t
takes 10 days or so to secure
a passport (Which formerly
took several weeks but we
mentioned to the lady taking
care of us that we would like
to get ours sooner If possible
as we wanted to leave on a
trip in about a week. 1t was
but two days later when the
Passport Office telephoned
that our passports were ready
and we picked them UP that
same day.
We had visualized long
waiting lines, red tape and
perhaps several trips back
and forth and we're pleas
antly surprised at the very
fine setup there, from which
other Government agencies
handling the public could
take a lesson. Could II be
ne "woman's touch? Per-
haps we could use more
women like Frances Knight
to organize and economic
for the Government.
Mrs. Homer Hoyt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
Shielded President

The charge made by Sen
ator Bridges that President
Eisenhower is kept in the
dark about important public
matters is one that ought, in
fairness, to be more care
fully analysed. If one were
to believe this charge, he
would have to believe that
there is a well-directed con-
spiracy within the White
House.
First, we must remember
that the President is sur
rounded by 20 to 80 intel
ligent people who report to
him very frequently, if not
daily. We would have to be-
lieve that all Of. these people
are dedicated to the prin-
ciple that certain things
should not be made known
to the President. Now, who
decides just which issues
should be kept from the Pres
ident? How could such a con-
spiratorial edict be enforced?
Second, the President has
many visitors from Govern
ment and from outside of
Government. Are these visi-
tors warned not to mention
certain subjects in the pres
ence of the President? Are
cabinet members, who meet
individually and collectively
with the President, in on the
conspiracy, too. and are they
briefed on what they should
and should not tell the Pres
ident?
Third, the President meets
frequently with the press and
he is asked many questions
on many items of public busi-
ness. He seems to be ready
with replies to queries from
newsmen at these confer
ences. Certainly. he does not
appear to be a man shielded
from important public mat
tiers.
In short. the type of
Shield" which Senator
Bridges claims to exist could
not, under the circumstances
described above, be put into
action. 1t is totally unfair to
President Eisenhower to make
these allegations.
Carl G. johnson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28

barnacles or other growths
with them. They also release
chemicals which kill growths.
@ What is the surprise"
III Haydn's Surprise SYM
phony"?-W. B.
A. The symphony gets its
name from a sudden unex-
pected loud chord in a soft
passage, an effect which
Haydn repeatedly said would
wake up the old ladies'"
@. What happens when the
steel rods or bars embedded
in reinforced concrete ex-
pand with the heat? M. l..
A. When the steel expands,
the concrete is probably also
expanding at a similar rate.
One Of the fortunate physical
phenomena responsible for
the successful combination Of
steel and concrete is the fact
that the coefficients OF ex-
pansion and contraction for
the two materials are very
nearly the same. Otherwise
there might be disastrous In
ternal stresses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28

Africa has fioated over the
South Pole in the past 800
million years.
In $50 million years much
Of the Northern Hemisphere
has drifted north for long
distances.
Such titanic movements of
continental masses now can
be established beyond much
doubt, DR.. P. M. s. Blackett
Of the University of London
reported at a recent meeting
of Nobel Prize winners in
Germany.
A report Of this meeting
has just been received by the
American Association for the
Advancement of Science from
DR.. H. Rotta. editor of the
German scientific journal
Observation-Disclosures. The
hypothesis of great drifts of
major parts of the earth's
land surface has been ad-
vanced before on somewhat
debatable evidence.
Magnetic Bits Revealing
1t has been known for some
years. DR.. Blackett told his
fellow Nobel Prize winners,
that volcanic lava becomes
highly magnetic when cooled
rapidly beyond a certain
point at which it hardens
into rock. This magnetism is
parallel to that of surround
ing rocks and has a proper
tionate intensity. These char
acters are retained essen
TALLY forever. Thus it is pos
sible to determine the dis
lance from North or South
Pole of many volcanic rock
deposits.
Many minerals formed
through sedimentation also
are magnetized and much
can be told from the oriental
ton of magnetic particles
which they contain. But, DR..
Blackett said, they are much
more eakly magnetized
than volcanic minerals. Only
recently have instruments
been developed, however,
which permit accurate deter
limitations of this magnetism.
On the basis of many meas
urements. he said, he has
arrived at the strong "as-
sumption" that in the past
$50 million years England
has drifted toward the north
from some place much closer
to the Equator and that it
has turned clockwise more
than 80 degrees. Measure
mentS on Indian stones prove
without doubt that the great
subcontinent was situated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28

That we are living IN a
time of crisis at home and
abroad, when the safety of
the Nation itself is at stake.
is a fact of daily observation.
That these are times that
require vigorous. imaginative
and resourceful national
leadership is an equally obvi-
Gus and widely noted fact.
That such leadership is sadly
lacking today in the White
House, despite the imperative
need of it, is a condition
almost universally admitted
and deplored.
Under our system Of fixed
quadrennial elections, the
Nation is apparently doomed
to drift for almost three more
years, if the President lives
out his second term. In a ma
ton with a parliamentary
form of government, like
England. an administration
that has lost the confidence
of Congress and the country
would be compelled to submit
to a general election and a
change of ministry.
In this fateful and perhaps
tragic dilemma, what can we
do? The President could re-
sign and turn over his Office
and powers to the Vice Presi-
dent. but this development
seems remote. Congress could
initiate a constitutional
amendment providing for
the adoption of a parliament
tary system of government
here, but this, too, seems I'M
likely at this late date in
American constitutional his
tory.
At one of the most critical
junctures, in their history, the
American people are caught
in a web of circumstances
beyond their control. Where
the leaders lack vision. the
people perish"
Gideon Granger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-03-28
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
World Was Always Topsy-Turyy
By THOMAS R. HE

south Of the Equator 70 mil
lion years ago. The South
African measurements also
leave little doubt that much
OF the continent has drifted
across the South Pole.
Considering these pre-
liminary results" he said.
lone can safely state that
during the earth's history
single large land masses have
travelled large distances rela-
tive to the Poles. We do not
yet know for certain whether
the earth's crust as a whole
has moved rigidly toward
the Poles or whether the
large motions of the eonti-
nents were only relative to
each other. It is, however.
nearly certain that a polar
migration has taken place
with a probably remarkable
drift value. There can be all
most no doubt that in the
next decade it will be pos
sible to trace the major
movements Of the great con-
tinents during earth's history
in a fairly reliable way"
This will be Of special value
in settling the question as
to whether North America
and Europe have difted apart.
Some have maintained that
they still are drifting away
from each other, but at q
rate of only inches a year
which cannot be measured
with existing techniques. APP
parently the great land
masses float like RATS on the
underlying, molten earth's
interior.
Africa Once Had Glaciers
It is known that parts Of
central Africa were covered
with glaciers when at least
parts Of the Antarctic con-
tinent, now covered with ice
at least a mile thick, were
relatively temperate and had
an abundant vege tation.
From whence they drifted
to concentrate around the
South Pole is unknown. Car
negie Institution of Washing
ton experiments with residual
magnetism of rocks indicate
that certain parts Of the APP
palachians, for example, may
at one time nave been in
about the location of South
Africa. with respect to the
magnetic poles, and that the
Equator may have passed
through part of New Eng.
land. Alternative explana.
tons for the anomalous mag.
netiSm have been advanced.
however, and not entirely
disproved.