davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

10 precise moment. the earth
linss who control the missiles
must know It's exact orientatioM
In space-the way II Is headed.
This reveals two things about
the Air Force moon rocket:
/. II will be controlled
through new observation tech
niques OF extreme refinements,
What these will be are not yet
public knowledge, II Is certain
that they will be electronie
rather than optical In nature,
since the tiny missile would be
invisible 10 even the huge 400
inch telescope at Mount Palo-
mar. Calf. when a quarter Of
q million miles away.
2. II will not be spherical,
like the 2i.inch Vanguard sat
elite. despite the fact that II
will be carried aloft In the nose
OF q Vanguard mounted on an
Air Force Thor. The reason II
will not be a ball is that, II
II were. observers on earth
would have no way OF deter
mining its precise orientation.
Plenty More Problems
There are other problems
aplenty, some OF which would
not occur TO the nom scientist.
One arises from the sheer fact
of distance. When II comes
time 10 adjust the missile into
its round-the-moon orbit,
scientists on earth will get the
information via radio signals
from the missile, Then they
will have TO radio the appropri-
ate firing signal 10 set the ret
rograde rockets into action.
Simpler Ordinarily, yes. That
kind Of remote firing is done
almost routinely by missilemen
today but when II is done
across a quarter million mile
gulf Of space, a time lag enters
into the picture.
Light travels at $4,000
miles q second. So do radio
waves. It takes about one and
one-third seconds for a signal
to go from the moon to the
earth. II takes some time TO
register in the mind OF the
controller on earth and be
acted on by him-or perhaps
by "it", since the earthbound
controller might very likely be
an electronic brain. Say one
third Of a-second for this. Then
1t takes another second and a
third for the firing signal to
travel back TO the missile near
the moon. Three seconds total.
At $500 miles an hour, in
three seconds the missile will
have travelled about two miles.
Confidence Expressed
These are problems. The
missilemen admit 1t. But they
have confidence in their ability
to do the job. Apparently there
will be no effort TO put Q visible
marker on the moon-visible,
that IL, by high-powered tele-
scope. The BIND scientists
have no doubt that 1t could be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Coffee Drinking Up

LONDON, April rs P).-The
Brazilian Ambassador Chateau
BRAND is trying to swing Brit
ons farther from tea TO coffee.
Brazil's biggest export product.
The British, who averaged only
% cups Of coffee a year before
coming under CT influence in
World War II, now are drink
ing about 90.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

distance from airdrome 70 the
target was OF no great moment.
Today matters are different.
Unless combatants learn 10
shoot long-range missiles with
near pin-point accuracy. sub
stituting blast effect for radio
activity, they could wind up de-
stroying themselves as well as
the enemy.
Nobody knows the exact size
and shape OF the earth. This
means that the theoretical CEN
ter OF the globe Is unknown
and II is the center which Is
used as one reference point
In projecting great distances.
Even II maps were extremely
accurate. the missile men still
are confronted with problems
over which they have no con-
troll. Cross winds OF $50 miles
per hour or more at high alti-
tudes undoubtedly would af-
feet the missiles trajectory.
Gravity Pull Varies
Further. the pull Of gravity
varies from place TO place over
the earth and, despite the alti-
tude at which missiles are
flown, this would AFFECT their
flight path.
In brief, q long range missile
aimed at Detroit. Mich, might
well wind up in Chicago or
somewhere in Canada.
Undoubtedly the armed
forces are busily measuring the
distances from point A in this
country TO point B in Russia.
What success they have had, IL
any, Is very much q secret, of
course. Russia without a doubt
Is duplicating the effort.
II the military men didn't
have troubles enough, the Ma
tional Geographic Society -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

near Cheyenne, Wyo.
For the military tactician and
strategist--not 10 mention this
rest OF mankind-this lack OF
knowledge poses fearful prob
lens In event Of war.
Matter Of Distance
Do you shoot the so-called
clean. hydrogen bombs and
try for a big blast near miss
Or do you aim simply at some
vast area with the object OF
wiping out whole populations
by poisoning the land and
winds with radioactive fallout2
Pinpoint accuracy was nc
great problem in World War
II. The best artillery usually
fired at a maximum range OF
rs miles and the results could
be observed usually from spot
ter planes. Bombs we're carried
over great distances by air
planes and dropped with great
accuracy. Again the results
could be observed. The exact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

done II enough time and money
we're spent on the project. but
they are not sure any useful
purpose would be served.
You don't waste a shot To
the moon-even for publicity
purposes" one missileman
said.
Instead Of filling a missile
with blasting powder or red
ink. the BIND scientists are
packing instruments that will
answer various questions about
the moon. such as:
What is It's magnetic field?
What about cosmic radiation?
Is meteoric dust q danger?
What kind of temperature are
there on the moon2 Does it
really have a trace Of atmos-
phere?
There is the probability that
some sort OF television- type
instrument will be put into at
least one OF the three missiles
scheduled TO be fired in Prof.
ect Able One. II will not, how
ever. give the sort Of picture
home viewers are used to see
ing. Under presidential orders,
Navy scientists at Inyokern.
Calf. are developing such q
gadget.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

can never NJ II exactly without
stretching II out OF shape"
Obviously the smaller the map
scale, the smaller the error, but
even so II is relatively rare for
an artillery shell 10 land on
target with the first round.
This Is not 10 say, however,
that map projections over, say,
q thousand miles carry pro-
Rressive errors until the dis
tortion is 30 great the map Is
useless.
Mapmakers have learned TO
draw the earth's arcs on planes
which have a margin error OF
l per cent.
Unmapped Areas
II would be too much 10 say
that nothing is known with
precision Of the interior Of the
Eurasian land mass. We know,
for example, the exact positions
OF certain pre-Russian revolu-
ton astronomical laboratories
tthe stars are check points,
too. The problem is TO relate
these known points TO potential
targets.
The positions In Russia,
however. could be triangulated
only in relation TO other points
on the European and Asian
land masses and not TO posi-
tons in the United States
since the oceans intervene
and besides there are vast
areas In the Arctic yet 10 be
mapped.
Unless the military have
found some way as yet I'M
known generally, the conclu-
sion is unacceptable that 70
shoot with reasonable accuracy
at any target on the European
or Asian continent. the mis-
stiles bases would have TO be
located on that land mass.
For the long-range missile
man today, then. it's q hit or
miss proposition.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

0ONh 1CdCAlCo LcIO. 9Qb bAlCh
seem to be no major tech
biological hurdles to be leaped
just production schedules to
be met.
Though much Of their work
ia being done In secrecy, the
missile experts at the Air
Forces Ballistic Missile Di-
vision here are beginning to
let out bits and pieces about
project Able One" That is
the code name for the moon
shooting job assigned TO the
Air Force last month by Presi-
dent Eisenhower.
Near Miss Ii Goal
These missilemen-take your
choice in describing them as
scientists with officers COM
missions or offcers with sci
entific degrees-aren't really
trying to hit. the moon. They
are trying to miss 1t by q
narrow margin.
"Of course we'd be happy II
We scored q hit" said Capt.
John Richards, project ofhcer
for Able One. For publicity
or propaganda purposes 1t
would be great to hit the moon.
That is something we could
tell the Turks or the Yugo-
slavs about - something we
could state as Q fact.
Scientifically speaking,
though. 1t would be OF more
beneiit to put an object in
orbit quite close to the moon. +"
Quite close. for these pur-
poses. seems to be in the neigh
borhood Of a couple OF thou
sand miles rather indefinite
area that the Air Force de-
scribes as "the gravitational
field Of the moon"
Margin for Error
This sounds like q comfort
able margin for error. Actually
II Is not. The moon-shooting
task cannot be regarded In the
light Of an artillery shot-or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27

which has probably the best
civilian mapmakers In the
world-points out that some
scientists believe that con-
tinents drift. like enormous
RATS, on q sea Of molten mat
ter inside the earth.
Using geometry and trig-
onometry. a mapmaker can sur
vey . continent with consider
able accuracy by building up q
system Of triangular measure
ments and then relating the
whole 10 a single reference
point. This country's marker ID
near Lucas. Kans.
TrlanEulAtlon Method
The triangulation method
cannot be carried across oceans
because Of the lack Of fixed
reference points. Thus nobody
knows exactly how far II Is
from New York 10 Paris. The
error may be as much as 1000
feet.
The cartographers. or map
makers. hope that by using
satellites such as Explorers !
and III. the size and shape OF
the earth can be determined
more exactly,
The satellite would become
a reference point In the skies,
the point OF a huge imaginary
triangle. II II assumed an I'M
failing orbit and maintained
an exact speed - something
none has done so far.
II perfect orbit is achieved,
however. the mapmakers hope
TO be able 10 determine the
positions Of certain points on
earth TO within so feet. A
satellite carrying a camera
would. OF course, be OF inesti-
mable value 10 photographers.
Need Small Map
The military have another
problem. the need for a map
which can be carried in a
pocket. A globe. which would be
more accurate, is difficult to
cart about. So the map makers
have undertaken to reduce the
measurements on an uncertain
sphere TO q fat plane: that is
a sheet map.
William c. Guide, chief topo-
graphist for the Army's Engi-
neering Research and Develop
ment Laboratory at Fort Bel
voir, Va, said the problem could
be summed up like this:
1T is like taking a piece Of
orange peel and trying to press
1t against a fiat surface. You
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
Moon Shot Foreseen
By End of This Year
BY WILLIAM HINES
star stan Writer

LOS ANGELES April 26s-AE Force missilemen cheered
BY Wednesdays test certain than
today that the United States will be shooting the
before the year is out.
The basic vehicle for both projects-the cone test
and the lunar probes-is the Only the top end Is
different.
lot of hard still done before the count
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-04-27
MISSILES AND MAPS
Accurate Shooting
Is ICBM Problem
ny Benz PRICE
Associated Press stan writer

with todays neither the United States nor Russia
coud hit the broad side Of with 5000 mile range mis-
slle-but they might get close
In fact publicly the United States does
not know with precision the location Of Moscow relation
10 the Air Forces intsrconnentA missile being built
Evening star., 1958-09-29
Brooks Brothers Plans

Brooks Brothers Plans
Downtown Pittsburgh Store
President John c. Wood Of
Brooks Brothers, New York
mems clothing outlet, said his
group plans to open a 25,000-
square-foot store in downtown
Pittsburgh in 1860. The neces-
sary contract has been signed
for the Smithfield building in
Pittsburgh.
Brooks Bros. is owned by
Julius Garfinckel & Co., Four
teenth and Z streets NV.
The regular monthly meeting
of the D. c. Savings and Loan
League will be held at 1890
tomorrow at the Mayflower
Hotel. officials said the execu-
tive committee will meet an
hour earlier.
ii
Peoples Drug Stores, which
has more than 100 stores in the
Washington region, announced
it has become the first local ad-
vertiser to use color television
spot commercials on Station
WRC-TV, the National Broad
casting Co.'S station here.
Evening star., 1958-09-29

the Federal Reserve is con-
vinced that if it swells the
money supply to help the
Treasury finance the deficit, it
will be acting as an "engine Of
imitation" will be making fu-
ture imitation even harder to
control.
Thus, the Central Banks de-
cision--not spelled out, but still
clear to informed observers
to force the Treasury to COM
pete for available funds against
other borrowers. Thus, its de-
cision that the risk of slowing
the recovery and hurting many
innocent borrowers by making
credit tight is much more
tolerable than the risk of add
ing to the erosion of the dollar
The Federal Reserve system
is the only power trying to fight
imitation now. It's key weapon
is credit control. 1t is using
that weapon.
The period of easy money be-
gan in ovember, 1857, lasted
to July, 1858.
The period Of gradually
tighter money, began in July, is
on now.
The next phase is tight
money.
distributed 1858, by The Hall syndi-
cate, Inc. All RightS ReserVed)
Evening star., 1958-09-29
YOUR
MONEYS WORTH
Tight Money Ahead
BY SYLVIA PORTER

We are moving back toward
a period of tight money. The
next money squeeze easily may
be as rough as, and 1t quite
possibly may be much rougher
than, the severe credit pinch of
the summer and early fall, 1857.
Cash will be harder to borrow
as the business revival so OBJ
viously underway today pro-
crosses in coming months. and
this will apply to all borrowers
the Treasury, States, cities,
corporations. small business
men, homebuilders, homebuy-
erS, etc.
Loans of all sorts will be
more expensive. and even the
highest of high-grade borrow
ers will pay interest rates rival
ing the peak charges Of the
past quarter-century.
Savings that investors are
willing to clock up" in market
able bonds of the Government.
States, cities, etc., will bring in
creasing rates of return and SO
will savings put into mortgages.
This is it.
The Federal Reserve System
Evening star., 1958-09-29

has decided that it must
squelch the spreading imitation
and inflationary pressureS
themselves. The Federal Re-
serve System is determined to
fight aggressively to maintain
stability Of the dollar.
What we are about TO see well
may be the greatest test of the
Federal Reserve Systems abil-
ity to try to check imitation. 1t
is in an awful dilemma right
now. Here are the components
of the dilemma.
Business is climbing on a
broad front and as the eco
nomic upswing gains momen-
tum demands for loans will
climb, and the granting Of the
loans naturally will absorb huge
chunks of the money supply.
= simultaneously, the first
danger signals of imitation have
appeared. AS the Federal Re-
serve Board governor, M. S.
Szymczak, put it recently. "al-
most psychotic fears Of infla-
ton in the future" have
emerged, "manifesting them
Evening star., 1958-09-29
OLDSMOBILE's HOLIDAY SCENICOUPE

Sporting Look this the 1859 Oldsmob 88"
Holiday ScenCoupe of two entirely body styles in the Holiday
Vista Panoramic windshield to $40 inches
glass Across the entire ne Omobe has up to GA
cent more luggage
Evening star., 1958-09-29
MayfiOwer Board Elects
RadfOrd and Hensel

Admiral John j. Bergen,
chairman of Mayfiower WASH
ington, Inc, operating company
for the Mayflower Hotel. an
nounced the election of Admiral
Arthur w. Radford, former
chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff, and H. Struve Hensel,
former Assistant Secretary of
the Navy. Defense Department
general counsel and Assistant
Secretary of Defense for Inter-
national Security Affairs, to
its board of directors.
Admiral Radford is a consul
tant to Bankers Trust Co. in
the development of foreign and
domestic business. He is also
a director of the Philco Corp,
Molybdenum Corp. of America
and Worthington Corp, as well
as consultant to the president
of the Champion Paper and
Fiber Co. Mr.. Hensel is a di-
rector of Monon Railroad and
the Acorn Paint and Chemical
Co. as well as chairman of the
board of directors of the Devel-
opment Corp. of America.
GU Foreign Service Unit
To Receive Collection
National Business Publica-
Evening star., 1958-09-29

in Bremen. a venture entirely
new to the industry.
The results are now begin.
ming TO show where airlines
like II best. Lufthansa now
ranks 18th among Interna-
tional Air Transport Associa-
tion carriers in production and
ninth in traffic.
Passengers in 1855 totaled
$1,000. Last year they totaled
$4,000. More impressive is the
load factor-from 400 in 1855
TO 678 last year.
Newest thing in the wooing
Of more passengers starts No
vember ! when flying cooks go
aboard all de luxe service on
Lufthansa to prepare individ-
ual dishes for passengers.
n EHR
Harry A. Williams, managing
director of the Automobile
Manufacturers Association, last
week weighed most of the eco
nomic facts and came up with
one Of the most optimistic views
yet expressed on the 1859 auto
market.
Conditions are right for a
good year, he said. The 1858
sales of some 4.6 million units,
including imports, have been
little more than replacement
for the estimated number of
cars being scrapped. Unful-
filled demand has been build
ing up while auto installment
debt has been substantially re-
duced, Mr.. Williams added.
He forecast that passenger
car sales should run about six
million units annually in the
next decade, possibly hitting
peaks Of eight million in the
middle 1960s.
r
Colorful william T. Piper,
guiding hand of Piper Aircraft
who Soloed at so and got his
twin-engine rating at 70, is the
National Aviation Clubs Man
f-the-Month honor guest
october 8. Airways Mod
ernization Board Chief ElwOOd
r. QueSada addresses a joint
meeting of the Canadian Aero
nautical Institute and the
Institute of the AerOnautical
Sciences in Ottawa October Z.
Hertz has opened a new
domestic and international res
ervation Office in the Solar
Building. 1913 K street NV. -.
Chevrolet is coming out with
a full Impala series. including
four door sedan and four
door hardtop. Six New
York banks will handle the
$l8-million Panagra needs to
finance four Douglas DC-S jets.
Evening star., 1958-09-29

selves In distruct Of the dollar
and a consequent trend to un-
healthy speculative tendencies
that may undermine the de-
veloping recovery and plunge
us into a worse recession than
that from which we have re-
Gently emerged"
At the same time, the Treas
ury is running an immense
deficit. The Treasury is tap
ping the money markets for
a multi-billion dollar loan to
get funds to meet its bills. and
it must borrow many more bill
lions of new cash in the next
several months.
Now, if the Treasury were
running this immense deficit
in a recession. the Federal Re-
serve authorities might say,
"Okay, we'll pump out funds so
the banking system can finance
the deficit easily. The extra
money will help stimulate re-
covery." Or, if there were no
signs of imitation, the Central
Bank might figure there was
no harm in keeping money easy
and cheap.
But the deficit is smash
ing headlong into an economic
upSurge and imitation.
Under these circumstances,
Evening star., 1958-09-29
By CHARLES YARURoueH

The Mark w limousine has
much the same exterior appear
ance as the town car. Inside,
however, there is a retracting
glass partition to separate the
chauffeur and passengers.
-
Lufthansa German Airlines,
one of the mightiest before
World War II, but stripped
down to its last bolt following
the Nazi collapse, is playing a
story book role in its come
back.
Plagued by an acute shortage
of flight personnel, Lufthansa
began anew with pilots borrowed
from Trans World, Eastern and
British European Always. ST.
multaneously, the line began
training pilots in its own school
Evening star., 1958-09-29
s1,452 s38, ,7s4 81 ASA, ,47s,s4s $3.50 $685. ,s74

tions, 1918 I street NV, said
that the Department of Foreign
Trade at Georgetown Univer-
sity's School of Foreign Service,
will receive the monthly collec-
ton of its member publications.
Officials explained that while
most of these collections go to
academic members throughout
the country for use in journal
ism study, Georgetown's stu
dents will use them in conjunc-
ton with foreign-market sur
veys on selected American
manufactured products. They
also will be utilized to write
papers on the best means of
distributing products in foreign
lands. The department direc-
tor, C. r. Heron, will maintain
the exhibit of business publica-
tions at the university.
Evening star., 1958-09-29

ton Committee revealed this
today. F. Marion Donahoe,
president of Citizens Federal
Savings and Loan Association
of San Francisco, has been
chosen vice president. The new
officers will assume Office jan
uary /.
Evening star., 1958-09-29
deluxe MerCuy0r
the famous Royal Coachman

Select the flight that suits your budget You can fly
the luxurious Mercury or the economical Royal
Coachman Both are nonstop to Los Angeles on the
radar-equipped De-, Americas fastest airliner.
There are two daylight Mercury flights
where you enjoy the luxury and superb meals that
have made this name so famous The daylight
Royal Coachman provides many features not
found in ordinary aircoach travel including
delicious hot meal served aboard.
Evening star., 1958-09-29

In Detroit today, the Ford
Motor Co.. is rolling out the
1859 Mercury, Edsel, Lincoln
and Continental for its annual
press preview,
But what makes this one
something more than routine
will be the unveiling Of a town
and limousine in the Continen-
tai line, a concept dating back
to 1922 when Henry Ford di-
rected that one Of the first
Lincolns be a limousine.
The town car will have an
especially padded, Landau-type
roof extending over the rear to
form a small, formal window
1t is available only in black.
and chrome is practically nom
existent. Inside, many metal
surfaces are d-finished.
Evening star., 1958-09-29
Bent to Succeed Morrison
At FIRST Federal Savings

James E. Bent, president Of
Hartford Federal Savings and
Loan Association. Hartford,
Conn.,, will succeed w. Franklin
Morrison, executive vice presi-
dent of First Federal Savings
and Loan Association here. as
president of the National League
of Insured Savings Associations.
The National Leagues Elec-
Evening star., 1958-09-29
OVER COUNTER

Washington listings on the over
the counter market furnished BY the
National Association OF Securities Deal
ers as Of / pm. Monday. September
% IQ5S.
Evening star., 1958-09-29
''Ss':B1sNESs ''s': n
Capital Bank Deposits
Show Slight Decline
BY WILLIAM A. MILLEN
Star stan Writer

Deposits toalng $l452 1888 764-slighty down from the
last bank cawere shown today Washngtons
is banks and trus companies The Controller of the Currency
today issued call for the condition of the national banks
September "a.
June 49, the date of the bank call showed total Of
deposits This compared with october IL,
1857, when deposits totaled $l,3595 56S,STt
Smyrna times., 1958-05-22

You spend lot of time in your ar-driving to
work, shopping, taking trips. How your car rates
on the road is important to you. So all we ask
before you invest in new car is this: Come in and
take road rate" drive in a Swept Wing So