davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-08-14
ny WILTON WYNN
Associated Press star writer

BEIRUT. Aug. IA (APl.-A
little card worth $50 a month
stands between the Palestine
Arab refugee and despair these
days.
Once the barometer Of Middle
Eastern politics. the refugee
feels left out OF things In these
days Of feuds between pro-Nas-
ser and anti-Nasser factions In
the Arab world. The United
Nations talks more about Leb-
anon and Iraq than about Pal
estine.
But 30 long as the refugee
hangs on TO his U. N. ration
card. he has hope.
Economically. the card means
ne can eat. The United Nations
Relief and Works Agency for
Palestine CUNRWA) distributes
rations TO more than $4,000
refugees In GAIA, Jordan. Syria
and Lebanon. These are the
people, or children of people.
who fied their homes In Pales-
tine 10 years ago and have lived
OF U. N. rations ever since.
Rations worth SI,5O
The monthly ration gives the
refugee about six pounds OF
-four, q pound and a half OF
beans. an equal amount OF
sugar and rice and a little more
than q pound Of fat or oil. On
local markets, the value Of these
rations runs TO little more than
tl.50.
To the refugee, the ration
card also represents q political
claim. Issued by the U.N. II
implicitly recognizes that ne
has been dispossessed and that
he has a claim to something
back In Palestine.
To an outsider. 1t is almost
impossible to believe that these
refugees still are convinced
they will 60 back to homes in
klde what now is Israel. Israel
has celebrated its 10th ami
versary, but the Arab refugees
have not begun TO accept Is
rsel as permanent. They insist
the Arabs one day will conquer
israel and restore the refugees
Resettlement Resisted
! This attitude-unchanged In
10 years-partly explains the
refueees' resistance to resettle-
hient and their determination
q cling to that ration card
There are more refugees on ra-
Cons now than flve years ago
tjNRWA is on a treadmill in
rs effort to solve the refugee
problem.
When an Arab dies in q re-
fuaee camp, his family may
bury him secretly and continue
to draw his rations. When q
son goes to Kuwait or Iraq
and finds a job, the family
stays behind in a refugee camp
In Jordan or GAIA and holds
onto the sons ration card. The
aon later returns to live In the
camp; he doesn't go to Kuwait
to stay.
The refugees don't want Il
exchange that ration card fol
q lob. It would look too much
like giving UP their ticket
back to Palestine"
Mandate to Expire
This straw Of hope may b
taken from the refugees whel
uNRwA's mandate expires Il
1860. U.sN. member states ar
tired Of contributing to a pro
gram that gets nowhere. Il
1858, UNRWA was feeding SOC.
$40 refugees. Five years later
; UNRWA is feeding 836.777. Tn
increase is due largely to birth
rate. The number who becom
self-supporting, who emigrate
or who are reported dead !
negligible.
The decline Of member en-
thusiasm for UNRWA is re
: Elected in contributions to tn
program of self-support prof
ects. The budget for this pro
gram was SIS million. U. \
members contributed only 5
million this year.
The refugees also are 1
danger Of losing their politics
! position in the Arab worlC
Arab leaders are forgetting t
-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

ed will depend upon the sea-
son of the year. During Adj
vent and after Christmas the
joyful should be meditated
upon; during Lent the sorrow
full; during the rest of the
year, the glorious"
@. Can unbaptized babies
go to heaven? Do they go TO
hell then?
A. "Unless a man is born
again of water and the Holy
Ghost, he cannot enter the
Kingdom of heaven" John
3:5) No one has a right to en-
ter heaven by reason of his
nature, even at its best. 1t is a
supernatural state and place.
God opens it to man as a pure
gift but under certain mini
mum conditions. Baptism is
absolutely required. For adj
ults baptism of desire may
enable them to gain this SUI
p%ernatural life by reason Of
their ignorance or inability
to be baptized by reception of
the Sacrament. For an infant
baptism of water is the only
way. st. Thomas Aquinas and
most Catholic theologians
teach that these infants are
happy in a state of natural
happiness in a place we call
Limbo.
@. Is there any text in the
Bible saying that marriage is q
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

sacrament with the same eLsr-
ity that we have references to
baptism John 3:5)?
A.. No. The first miracle
worked by Christ at the we'd
ding feast of Cana is taken as
an indication of a Christian
"newness" given to marriage.
st. Paul has many references
to marriage as sacred, linking
it as well as comparing it to
the union of Christ and the
Church (Ephesians 5:32):
"This is a great mystery - l
mean in reference to Christ
and to the Church." The ques-
ton is settled for Catholics by
the voice of Christ's Church
which teaches as a matter OF
Catholic Faith that matrimony
is one OF the seven Sacra-
ments. st. Augustine says that
the superiority of marriage
among Christians consists in
the Sanctity of the sacrament.
st. John Chrysostom says:
"The heathens estimated the
happiness of marriage by the
number of children whereas
the Christian considers rather
the sanctity of the sacra.
ment."
Send questions to Father
Edward F. Healey, Inquiry
Corner, The Catholic Times.
Box 636, Columbus is, Ohio.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

Add TO all this the fact
that nations are being urged
to vie for control of outer
space, as the one who rules
it will dominate the world.
Thinking men are fright.
ened by the picture they see.
Some may ask: What pos
sible solution can there be-"
His Holiness Pope Plus XII
gave the answer in his
Christmas message of last
year. He said:
1.-The divine law of har-
mony in the world strict
ly imposes on all rulers of
nations the obligation to
prevent war by means of
suitable international organ
izations, to reduce arma-
ments under a system of eff
fective inspection and to
deter whoever should aim at
disturbing the nations which
sincerely desire it."
But one may ask, as it not
too late? Have we not gone
too far?"
The Holy Father did not
think so. He said:
peace is a good so precious,
SO productive, so desirable
and so desired that every
effort in its defense, even
with reciprocal sacrifices of
legitimate individual ambi-.
tons, is we'll spent"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
Recalls Our Lady ASKED
For Chapel, PROFESSIONS

the grotto became larger and
larger. Through the years, the
crowds have grown and a Ba-
silica of the Immaculate Con-
ception was built and conse-
Grated in 1876. A larger
church was built in 1901 and
this year an underground
church, dedicated to st. Plus
X, will be consecrated and
opened to the faithful.
A striking feature of Our
Lady's apparitions to Berna-
dette is the fact that they oc-
Cured four years after the
definition of the dogma of the
Immaculate Conce p tion by
Pope Plus TX was announced.
Bernadette may have heard
the local priest explain the
doctrine at the time of the
definition, but it is unlikely
that she, an uneducated girl
from a small mountain town,
would have understood much
of what he said.
After many opportunities
from local ecclesiastical and
civil officials, Bernadette fl
nally asked the Lady, on Mar.
Is, 1858, to tell her name.
Three times she repeated,
MADAME, will you be SO kind
as to tell me who you are?"
The Lady, she said, just
smiled at her the first two
times, but then, after she had
repeated the question once
more, the apparition opened
her arms and lowered them
as though to include the
whole world. Then she join
ed her hands and brought
them close to her breast, Ber-
nadette said, and raising her
eyes to heaven she answered
in the local dialect, "Que soy
era Immaculate Concepciou-
! am the Immaculate Concep-
ton"
Bernadette had to repeat
Continued on Page I'D
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
The Washington Letter
Success With Satellite
Has Not Dispelled Threat

all or most of the weapons
installations in a country
attacked, because today re-
taliation against attack is
almost automatic" Oddly
enough, while this sort Of
retaliation is regarded as a
deterrent to war, it is also
admitted that it can be the
cause of an accidental" war.
This latter circumstance
could come about, it is said,
if a radar screen, mistaking
a meteor for an approach
ing hostile missile, were to
touch off electronically the
weapons of retaliation.
But if direct entrance into
World War LII seems remote,
there are those who think
we may become involved in
a roundabout way. Secre-
tary Brucker says Soviet
Russia maintains an army of
100000, and what they
are going to do is keep nib
bling away, as they have in
the Mid-east, foment trouble
in Indonesia and Syria and
those other places round the
world, and one by one drag
them under the Iron Curtain,
by hook or crook" He add
ed that if the program is not
challenged successfully it is
a good way ito start one Of
these global things"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

boast that they are satisfied
If their cosmetic needs are
packaged in a little brown
bag. Buying anything on the
installment plan that is not a
necessity such as mink
coats, cameras. fishing boats
is indulging in luxury.
Our model budgets seen in
textbooks with charts often
include luxvries as IL they
were necessities. Failing TO
make this distinction is . fail.
ure TO use common sense.
+, Professor Lynn of Columbia
University in his studies esti-
mates that go per cent of the
money spent on food goes for
luxuries, for taste, for sight,
for smell, instead of for nutri-
tional value. He found that
same percentage wasted on
clothes, Our studies show a
$500 average is wasted on lux
urious cars, much is wasted on
luxurious housing on gadgets,
on recreation.
Usually the most helpful
recreation is the least expen-
sive one; compare hiking and
tennis TO carridins and movie
going. The Advertising Asso.
citation in New York announe-
ell recently that unless we
can make people think luxvr.
les are necessities within ~
hours. we are not salssmen."
A mother and young son
were shopping in a supermar-
ket. The youngster trying to
be helpful picked up a pack
age and brought it to his
mother. "Oh no honey" she
protested. put it back, you
have to cook that" Common
sensel
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
Making Marriage Click
You Can Stretch Family
Income If You Try
By Msgr. Irving A. DeBlanc

Some bankers are say,
ing that we must spend
more in order to have
national prosperity and
that we must save to have
individual prosperity that
clears up everything! In that
same mood some economists
are just as confusing when
they give charts to families
and say "use this or that per
centagc of your income for
food, for shelter, for cloth
ing" These percentages are
based on average families"
and there is no such thing.
Individual needs always enter
in. individual eating habits,
Individual health location,
status, education, climate.
Charts in budgets are usually
straight-jackets.
They are often more harm
fol than helpful. | doubt il
our ancestors budseted by
charts but many did succeed.
The secret Of their success
was common sense and the
practice Of virtue. Today, we
will discuss common sense.
Immediately then we will In.
sist on the three principles Of
81. Thomas:
First, use money land time)
on absolute necessities, then
on conditioned necessities,
then and then only, on lux
uries.
BY absolute necessities
are meant the necessities Of
nature: food, shelter. cloth
ing. education, recreation,
health. religion, savings for
old age, and so on.
BY Unconventional necessities"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

During these first few
weeks of February, which
Is annually observed as
Catholic Press Month,
there have been a num-
Der of articles and editorials
in Catholic newspapers and
magazines on the purpose and
status of the Catholic Press in
the United States.
The writer's of these APP
p~raisals seem to agree that the
Catholic press, in-spite- of
many handicaps, is fulfilling
Its purpose reasonably well
and is steadily improving from
year to year.
In our judgment, this is GER
tainly true and particularly
so in the field of Catholic So
cial thought and Catholic So
cial action. The news cover
age in the Catholic press of
current developments in this
field is better today than ev-
er before in terms of quality
rs well as quantity.
The credit for this is due
principally, | think, to the
NCWC News Service, which
provides the diocesan papers
with an ever increasing
amount Of information and
background material in the
field of Catholic social thought
and Catholic social action.
The News Service is to be
congratulated especially on its
initiative in furnishing its
subscribers very pro m pity
with the complete texts of the
most important statements,
speeches and official docu-
ments in this field as we'll as
In many others.
These documents are indis-
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

arc meant those which are
required by society and which
depend on status, rank, job.
A bank president needs a
dress suit for his job, a farm
er needs overalls. A doctor
needs a car, a postman needs
comfortable shoes.
A housewife needs a wash.
ing machine and sewing ma.
chine. Mothers Of large
families need appliances
which will relieve them from
unnecessary drudgery. All of
these objects are still in the
category Of necessities. There
is no question about that. But
there are millions Of families
in the U.S.A. who do not have
these conditioned necessities.
II may be because many have
purchased luxvries before
necessities!
A luxury is strictly super
fluous, This applies to liquor,
to tobacco, to perfumes, to
chairs made for beauty rather
than comfort. TO soft drinks,
to electric garbage disposals,
TO baby's shoes made into
bookends. We have been year
ly averaging in the U.S.A $40
per capita on liquor.
We spent So, 500, 900, 600 ION
education, a necessity; but
$4,000, 600, 600 on tobacco, a
luxury, and over SIS 200, 000,-
600 on automobiles. These new
high powered cars are per-
haps. our greatest luxuries.
Women who spend maybe as
much for the packaging of per-
fume as for the perfume it.
self are doubly luxurious.
Men, luxurious as they are in
a thousand ways, humorously
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

WASHINGTON - Launch
ing of the satellite Explorer
/, gave this country and the
West a lift in morale, but
the world picture continues
ominous.
From what has been said
and written here in recent
days. it is clear that while
global war is not imminent,
the era is a dangerous onee
Some experts assert that the
next five years will be ex-
tremely Critical" Secretary
Brucker has told Congress
"there isn't any doubt Rus
STA is planning a series of
small wars. He said these
could lead to something
more serious if not checked.
Military experts say there
is no immaculate danger OI an
about war, simply because
1t would not pay an agrees
or to start one. They hold
that an aggressor would have
TO strike with such surprise
land such widespread devasta-
tion as to render retaliation
feeble at most. While that is
not possible now, they feel
ssthat the danger increases as
s,huclear weapons multiply
and as more nations get
them.
1t would be necessary for
an aggressor to knock out
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
Lbs. on v%sstmsnts?

l.H.S. on vestmsnts?
A. I.N.R.I. is the abbrevia-
ton for the inscription placed
on the cross when Our Lord
was crucified. 1t stands for
the Latin: Iesus Nazaraenus,
Rex Iudeaorum, which means
Jesus of Nazareth, King of the
Jews. The account of this in
scription is given in st. Johns
Gospel Q9:19-22) and the OBJ
lection of the chief priests is
mentioned. "Do not write, the
King of the Jews but He said,
/ am the King of the Jews"
Pilots answer is full of typ
ical Roman bluntness: what |
have written, | have written.
his is an abbreviation for the
name of Jesus, being the first
three letters of that Name in
Greek.
@. Is there . set day for
using the particular sets Of
mysteries Of the rosary?
A. Not exactly. 1t is tradi-
tional to follow certain days,
especially in group or public
recitation of the rosary. Gen.
orally the joyful mysteries
are preferred on Monday and
Thursday, the sorrowful on
Tuesday and Friday and the
glorious on Wednesday and
Saturday. According to Mon
signor Sullivan's "Externals
of the Catholic Church" the
mysteries on Sunday should
vary with the season: "On
Sundays the mysteries assign
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
The Yardstick
Catholic Press Does Good
Job On Social Thought
By Msgr. George G. Higgins

problems especially or play
it safe editorially by remain
ing in the realm of abstract
principle.
In all fairness, of course,
the diocesan press cannot be
expected to carry the full load
of interpreting The S.
That's primarily the function
of the magazines and the more
specialized newspapers, many
of which are doing a very
creditable job. In the field of
social reform, the following
publications, in our opinion,
are deserving of special com
mendation; Social order,
America, The CommonWcal,
Ave Maria, The Sign, and last
but not least, Work, which is
published in Chicago by the
Catholic Council on Working
Life and is regarded by many
people, including this writer,
as the best labor paper in the
United States.
AS a concluding footnote to
these random observations on
the status of the Catholic
press, it might be pointed out
that there also seems to have
been in recent years a decided
improvement in the CORE
spondence or "letters-to-the-
editor" columns of many Cath
Ollie publications, including a
number of diocesan papers. .
Honest differences of opin-
ion are being expressed in a
more friendly and vigorous
manner in these columns than
was formerly the case. AS a
columnist who has acquired
a number of scars on several
of these journalistic battle
fields, | think | can gratefully
say that this is a wholesome
change for the better.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

~pensable as background ma
terial, and even those editors
who haven't the space to pub
lish all of them in their en-
tirety are undoubtedly CRATE
full to NCWC for making them
available with a minimum of
delay.
Speaking of documen tary
material in the field Of Cath
Ollie social thought and Cath
Ollie social action, we should
also like to put in a good word
for The Catholic Mind and
The Pope Speaks. These two
quarterlies which admirably
complement one another in
their coverage of official and
unofficial Catholic documents,
are required reading for any
body. who wants to keer
abreast of developments in
Catholic thought.
SOUND INTERPRETATION
The dissemination of news
and the publication of docu-
mentary material are obvious
ly very important services, but
a sound Interpretation of the
news from the point of view
of Catholic teaching is prob
ably of even greater import
ance. Here again it seems TO
us that the Catholic press is
doing a better job then ever
before. There is still a great
deal of room for improve
ment, of course. particularly
in the case of the diocesan
press.
II is our impression that di-
ocesan papers - with a stead
lily increasing number of ex-
ceptions either shy away
completely from any discus
sion of controversial social
and economic problems (local
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14

The sash of the dress was blue
and hung down below her
knees"
This was the first Of Is ap-
partitions of the Blessed Moth
er that Bernadette was TO
have. Later, when asked to de-
scribe the quality of the col
or and material with which
Our Lady'S dress was made,
she was shown some very fine
material by a merchant. When
she. answered that Our Lady's
dress had seemed to her to be
, made of much finer stuff, he
responded that it would be
impossible to get anything fin
er in all of France.
"All of which goes to show"
she answered, that the Lady
did not have her dress made
by youl"
People and the clergy of
Lourdes were at first more
than a little skeptical about
Bernadette's claims that she
had seen "a beautiful Lady"
On Feb. IS, 1858, however,
the Lady told Bernadette to
go, drink at the spring and
wash in it"-where there was
no spring. The girl scratched
at the damp ground and thus
began the miraculous springs
from which more than 10000
gallons of water flow each day
and in which, during the past
100 years, more than 1000
scientifically unexplain a b lie
cures have occurred.
Church authorities have
never claimed that it was a
new spring which was created
at Lourdes, but simply that
Bernadette, at the direction of
Our Lady, discovered an al
ready existing spring through
which God wished to work
wonders.
After the discovery of the
spring, the crowds coming to.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1958-02-14
] FIR. Healey's Inquiry Corner
Does Inquisition Really
Show Church Attitude?

@. Did fhs Spanish Inqvisi
tion really represent the AZ
tifvde of the Church toward
herefics? Does IT still repre-
sent the real attitude the
Church would have IL il had
power as il once had?
A. The Spanish Inquisition
at its best left a great deal to
be desired, but as modern
scholars note, at its worst it
was not as bad as its strong
est critics claim. The Span
ish Inquisition was set up
with the approval OF Pope
Sixtus ~ but there were urg-
ent land VALID civil problems
which it tried to solve. Com
parsons with modern court
rooms and civil tribunals Of
the time show that the Inqui-
sition was cruel by out stand
ards but was not unusual
when compared to other tri-
bunals of that time. Many lur-
i'd accounts of the inquisition
are based on anti-Spanish
propaganda of Elizabethan
England. One of the chief
sources for much unfavorable
treatment is a discredited four
volume history by a renegade
priest, Juan Antonio Llorente,
who destroyed the stolen doc
uments he used as source
materials and so prevented
study of them by other in
vestigators.
@. What is the meaning Of
l.N.RI. on the .erueifix7 Of