davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

Commissioner. Cyril Sheehan, said
n part: 1T is rerrettahle that a
clerical error on the page 10 which
you refer in our manual may have
been the cause OF any diserimina-
tion. We are having the manual
revised Immediately"
According TO Joe Haveson. AS
sistant Commissioner OF Insur-
anee, "our office Is very grateful
10 the St Paul NAACP for bring
ing this matter TO our attention.
Minnesota has one OF the best
insurance statutes in the u. s. but
II would be absolutely useless II
such violations were not brought
20 us for correction"
Among the complaints listed by
the NAACP were;
l. Life insurance Is to be offered
TO Negroes on a payroll de-
duction system only.
2, Several types OF policies are
not offered to Negroes on any
terms
8 Rate differentials for insurance
sold TO Negroes exist In every
category below the profession
nj status and are higher than
the rate for similar policies
offered non-colored persons.
The commissioner office said
that the eompany's willingness to
conform 10 state laws In this in
stance will probably lead 10 no
more than a reprimand, but, says
Joe Haveson we don't ever want
anything of this sort in our state.
In fact. we will never approve the
application OF any company which
tends TO base it's rates or other
benefits on race, color or creed. ("
Local representatives OF the firm
were not available for comment.
Leonard Carter. president OF the
Sc. Paul NAACP. who initiated the
complaint said"
Lumley's statement Is an ad-
mission that the manual and prac-
tees resulting from II have been
In violation OF state law"
Carter also Indicated that the
company's willingness 10 comply
with Minnesota law viii have n
great affect on insurance benefits
Of Negroes in Minnesota.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
URBAN LEAGUE GUILD
PLANS FOR ANNUAL
MAY SOCIAL EVENT

The executive committee OF the
Minneapolis Urban League Guild
met at the Urban League office.
Plans for the May frolic to raise
funds for the scholarship award
were discussed. A rummage sale
will be held April IS, and proceeds
win also apply on the scholarship
fund.
The regular monthly meeting OF
the Guild was held Monday ev'
ening March "a, at the Y.w.CA
A movie was shown on Mime,
sofa Welfare.
Remember the deadline for news
for the current Issue IL Wednes-
day noOn--each week-Advt
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
RECORDER NEWSBoYs VIE
FOR NEW BICYCLE PRIZE

St Paul RECORDER newsboys
are all in a other about a hand
some new $50 bicycle which they
are eligible 10 win.
Each boy has a chance 10 win
the bike by increasing his sales,
The boy who brings In the greatest
increase In an week period will
be awarded the new bike.
Parents Of the boys and their
customers are busy getting other
customers for the young statesmen.
The RECORDER newsboys who
have entered the contest are Keith
Hi. Jerry Lewis. Garnett Col
Hrs. Billy Taylor Clyde Parker.
Aldean Adams, Wilbur Burks,
Horace and Donald Miles, Mack
Burch. Albert Doneby, Noah Shell
ton, Melvin Nc Coy. stephen Price,
Michael Price, David Lee Tidas.
James Shelton. Joseph Reynolds,
Donald Thomas, Jimmie Land,
Hubert Eaves. Robert Langford,
-sa lss Moore and Gregory Lewis.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

tribution by the solicitors. The
title Of the folder il You and
Halle Q. Brown Community House,
What Is IT.; DO We Need IT?
What Does II Do? and What
Can You Do?
William B. Randall president OF
the Halle board said he along
with Mr. Light and Mrs. Alice
Onque were pleased at the large
number Of volunteer workers who
have enlisted for this years drive.
Among those who have volun-
teered TO solicit memberships this
year Beulah Cruze, Janeabelle
Taylor, Annette Galloway, Cora
Belle Banks, Allie Mae Hampton,
Martin Wellington Frank Boyd,
S. Edward Hall, A. V. Hall, Hal
lie Salters Margaret Godette, Eu-
nice Coins, Rebecca Toussaint.
Eula Mitchell. Edward Nichols,
Luella Nc Gee, Gaynene Ponder,
Oscar Oliver, Lee Washington.
Leonard Carter. John Culver Mr..
and Mrs. Lionel Allen. Ivy Hagan,
Dorsie Bell, Helen Lawrence. Estyr
Peake. Elizabeth Brewin. Frances
Moore. John Brown Eugene Lew
is. Patricia Allen, Lydia Pillow.
Ceola Webb, Irma Mazingo Sher-
RE Mazingo, Norman Davis, Alice
johnson, Donald Lewis Theodore
Hatcher and Mrs. Norman Light.
Mrs. Onque announced that the
annual meeting Of the Red Feath-
er agency win be held Thursday
night May l. The speaker win be
Corienne Robinson Morrow Of New
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
YOUNG DODGER ROOKIE
DRAWS PRAISE

Los Angeles (ANP)-One Of the
toung bright stars in the Dodgers
camp this Spring is Tommy Davis,
Negro outfielder, who hit .357 for
the Kokomo Club in the Midwest
League. Tommy. a former Brook
lyn basketball. baseball and track
star. also stole IS bases for an all
time league record During his
high school career Davis was
coached by Harry Kane, who lists
among his former pupils a pretty
fair sIugger known as Lou Geh-
rig.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
Rueker In Detroit
For Governors Meet

Clifford Rucker, executive dir
ector of the Governors Hcman
Rights Commission is in Detroit
Mich, attending an interim sub
committee meeting Of the Gov
ernor's Interstate Committee on
Civil Rights.
Gov. Mennen Williams Of Michi-
gan is host to the meeting repre-
senting IL states. The meeting will
discuss federal-state relationships,
continuing interstate cooperation
in civil rights uniform legislation,
research and other activities on
the human relations horizon.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

AAt III 81 ANNb ASNo VIM SsAAAAN ~
Minnesota were on the lowest rung
of the racial, social, economic and
political ladder. Some of them had
been brought here as slaves by
their masters; some came as fugi-
tives on the underground rail-
road, a few had free papers. But
none of them had the so-called
qualifications" for membership in
the upper classes. That is, none of
them had, for example, two gen.
erations or so of established fam
lily organization, education, a pro-
fession, or its equivalent, property
and economic security, and a fam
lily tradition that associates the
individual with some real or as
sumed past distinction.
The traits, standards, and val
ues of these Negroes in the year
1857 reflected the Negro Folk
Culture" nurtured by the cultural
isolation Of the southern planta-
ton. Many Of their attitudes and
behavior traits evolved from the
necessities of a life outside the
general stream of American cul-
ture.
The first census that recorded
Negroes in Minnesota was taken
in 1850 and listed q males and
Is females, a total of 80. BY 1860
the census recorded an increase
to 25e.
During these early days in Min
nesota, the Negro dominated the
field Of barbering. AS early as
1852 the Minnesota Pioneer COM
mented on barber shops owned by
the Negroes 49,.
Our blacks are attentive to
their business, and are no i'd
Iers they are a useful
class, and. here on the con-
fines Of barbarism do as much
to put a civilized aspect on the
force Of society as any other
class the blacks are our
musicians
In st. Paul almost from the
beginning. Negroes formed their
own organizations their owr
churches. and eventually began &c
settle in one section Of the city
This, in a way, kept them separ'
ate from their new neighbors
who treated them kindly, some
with understanding some with
indifference. The church or the re,
Hgious society was the center Of
much activity among Negroes
There they had pageants, plays
concerts. their clubs and Other
meetings.
The sermons Of the unframed
ministers were more emotional
than STEPPED in firm religious doc
trine. or advanced philosophical
thought Typical Of the fire and
birthstone variety Of sermon thai
Continued on Page a.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

Kaye Coates, Sioux Falls, s. ID.
correspondent makes Twin Citians
Of Minnesota close akin 20 the
folks In the South Dakota No.
ropolis.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
Get Set, Let's Go!
Get Set, Let's Go!
Halle @. Brown Member
Drive Committee Ready
For Annual Solicitation

The annual membership drive of Halle Q Brown is about
get under way according to Norman light this years chair
man.
This year Mr. Light says attempt will be made to inter
pref the need for the house and explain function in the
munity fully.
handsome printed brochure has been prepared dis
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
Answers NAAcP compIoinn
Answers NAAcP Complain;
Insurance Race Bias
Charged To Clerical Error
Firm Official Claims

In a letter dated April 3, John Lumley of Chicago vice
president of the Benefit Association Of Rail Road Employees
BARRE blamed clerical error" for any discriminatory
practices agents for this national insurance company may
employed in wng insurance for Negroes
The etier addressed the office OF tho Stnn Insurance
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

Your neighbOrs write, edit and
print this paper each week for
your information and entertain
ment.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
FEPC MEETS April 1s

st. Paul FEPc win meet Tues
day evening. April Is, T:3o pm.
in room 100. Ramsey County
Court House.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

york city, administrative assist.
ant In the N. Y City Commission
on Intergroup Relations
Women not only drive az good
AZ men. but they can do II ON either
side Of the road"
Politeness Is the art Of Choos-
ng among your thoughts.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11
The History Of the Negro in Minnesota
Early Newspaper Called
1852 Negroes Industrious
Useful, Attentive Workers
This the seventh Of series of stories about
the Negro N history Minnesota
THE HEART OF THE STRANGER
Hate the sin; but love the Sinner"
BY Maurice Haynes

Negroes well whites grow up with ideas about their
country social and racial setting and they tend to
accordingly Social class in all is major factor in
deciding each of these groups will accept his roewhether
they will accept segregation and discrimination whether they
will aspire certain jobs and whether they will expect more
or less consideration from the total community.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

DANCE sat. night April IL,
Go Hall. Howard Brown band
Advt.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

MILFORD Leland Of the state
.FEP commission is also attending
the meeting from Minnesota.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

April rs. 1775 - Paul Revere
made midnight ride through many
a Middlesex village and farm" TO
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

Worry often gives a small thing
a big shadow.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

With the auto industry brake down
Detroit is the U.s.'s most recession ridden
big city. Across the nation unemployment
averages e,79S Of the labor force: in De-
troit the figure comes to 1915. Some
100000 Detroiters are jobless. and 10000
OF them have run out Of unemployment
benefits with the low-seniority. Generally
unskilled Negroes getting the worse Of it
TINE Magazine.
TWENrrN EnIrprrII N-E,n - q
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1958-04-11

I have never been persuaded that the
test OF newspapers influence Ia the num-
Der OF votes II can swing 10 It's side IN an
election. Nor do i believe that II n the basic
function OF the editorial writer 10 make up
the readers mind for him. am convinced
that the great majority OF the editorial
writers OF this country write from eonvic-
ton rather than expediency I know Of
instances where an editorial writer has sat
out campaign in preference TO supporting
a stand he did not believe was correct
Charles Clayton In the QUILL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03
Frost Touches
Northeast Areas
By the Associated Press

An early touch Of winter
brushed the East Coast today,
breaking cold weather records
at several points. Frost accom-
panied low readings in north
ern- areas. It was the chilliest
morning of the summer.
The coolest spot in New Eng
land was Gfeenville, Mky with
a near-freezing 80 degrees.
One hundred miles southVard.
Portland reported 80 degrees.
three below the 1871 record for
the date.
New York States mountain
region recorded below freezing
temperatures at some points.
Suburban Boston and Worces-
ter, Mass, dipped below so.
Fitchburg, Mass, reported Al.
At Windsor Locks. Conn,
the 1941 record of As degrees
was broken with a reading Of
4sA rs 70 st IA >
Boonyilie, in New York's
Adirondacks, had a 30-degree
reading. Albany's dropped to
40, breaking the 1888 record
by l degree. !, & - (. !,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03
Typhoon Lushes
North Fornosu

TAIPEL Formosa. Sept. 3
(AP) ,-Typhoon Grace whipped
across the northern end OF
Formosa tonight with winds
estimated at IFS miles an hour
at its center.
The Nationalist Chinese
naval base at Keeling caught
the hrunt of the years worst
Pacific storm before 1t moved
eastward toward Shanghai on
the Chinese mainland. Fore
casters said the typhoon was
not heading for Japan or the
big United States base on
Okinawa.
The storm dealt only,a side
blow TO the Nationalist capital
of Taipei, but winds here
reached SO miles an hour and
knocked down fences and signs
and smashed windows.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03
Stevenson Luuds
De GuuIIe's Spirit

PARIS. Sept. 3 CAP).--Adlai
Stevenson said yesterday he
hoped trouble in Formoss
Strait could be localized and
would not develop into q con-
fiict Of overwhelming impor-
lance.
The two-time Democratic
presidential candidate gave, his
views after a 70-minute meet
ing with French Premier
Charles de Gaulle.
He said he found a sense OF
purpose. of vision and hope for
the future in France" since
Gen. de Gaulle took over.
He said the general was
vigorous, full Of plans and full
Of confidence for the success of
his constitution"
His patriotism. sense Of
mission and service to France
are a lesson for all of u.s." Mr..
Stevenson added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03

leader. decided what to do, and
did it."
Mr.. Binamira spoke to a
group Of so CARE officials in
this country and abroad who
started a four-day meeting to-
day at the Sheraton Park Hotel.
After the Spanish colonial
ton Of the Philippines. the gov
eminent simply meant a tax
collector who took money but
never gave, anything back In
service" said Mr.. Binamira.
Our goal now is to get local
government once again to take
over developments. We want
peoples projects-not govern
rnent projects" ~.
Self-Help Plan Discussed
Among other things, the
CARE officials are discussing a
new self-help program which
supplies tools and machinery
rather than food.
Frank L. Gofflo, deputy exec
utive director of CARE, spoke
at, q Lions Club luncheon in
the Maylower Hotel. He
raised the group for its pro-
gram to raise more than $4,000
for aid to Colombia. He said
that Lions are active through
out the world to promote COM
munity development.
Mr.. Binamira's current jop
is an outgrowth Of pilot
CARE self-help project started
In 1852.
He stressed. that any de-
velopment program must ulti-
mately be. supported by the
local government to be con-
sidered successful. The local
residents, he noted, are re-
luctant to accept the latest
scientific methods for their
work.
I'VE had to force people
from the road to see a fertilizer
demonstration" he said. They
all saw how successful 1t was in
making corn grow much higher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03

Six months later, however
none Of them we're using
fertilizer"
He stressed that his country's
present program is designed to
reach all the more than 10000
villages in the Philippines
We're trying to encourage
these local governments to take
the initiative. We will only
supply money and other help II
we are requested to do So"
he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03
Italian Emigration
Sets Postwar Record

ROME.-About 100000 peo-
pie emigrated from Italy during
1857, setting a postwar record.
The figure topped the average
for the previous 10 years by so
per cent and the 1856 number
by SO per cent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1958-09-03
CARE Officials Toke
Look at SeIf-HeIp Work
BY ANDREW BINGHAM
star Stan Writer

The Philippines had better development program before
Magellan arrived in 1921 than they do now the administration
Of the current program there said today.
Were trying to return to that old system now" noted
Ramon p Bnamira, presidential assistant community de-
veopment "n the old days communities elected their own
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Items Of q Purely
Personal Nature

Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Watson
were weekend guests of Mrs. Wat
sons daughter, Mr.. and Mrs. J. G.
Wroten of Wilmington. Delaware.
William Foster, a senior at the
University of Delaware. spent the
holiday weekend with his parents,
DR.. and Mrs. Robert Foster.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Watson
spent Thanksgiving Day with Mrs.
Watson's daughter, Mrs. Wilmer
Fryer in Springfield. Pa.
Jack and Robert Walls, Jerrie
Roosa and ]. Heyman Roosa at
tended the Army Navy football
game Saturday in Philadelphia.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde Ellwanger
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Bullock, Mr.
and Mrs. William R. Draper, Rom
aid Nagel and James r Draper
were in Philadelphia this week at
tending Tri-State CaLuers con-
ventiQn.
Thomas Draper, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. r. Draper, I'll s. Walnut
Street, Milford, has been awarded
a varsity letter in football. Draper
a junior at Mount Hermon School
Mt. Hermon, Mass, also partici-
pates in basketball and baseball
and is an active member of the
Shield Club.
A Milford area student is among
21 named on the Deans List of
Honor for the first half of the first
semester at Elizabethtown College,
accord to Dean Roy McAuley. He
is Maynard Grunstra, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Seba Grunstra, Houston.
Grunstra, a senior preparing for
the ministry, is a 1855 graduate of
Milford High School. A student
must earn at least 3.5 grade aver
age for the marking period to be
placed ON the Deans List. A pera
feet average is 40.
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Wedding
sWEIGARp CHANDLER

SWEIGARD : CHANDLER
The wedding of Miss Laura l..
Sweigard, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. J. Emory Sweigard of Millers-
burg, Pa, and Mr.. Robert W.
Chandler son of ldr and Mrs.
Preston Chandler, Sr., of Milton,
Delaware, took place Saturday,
November 22nd, in Bethany Church
of the Brethren, Pennington. Del
The bride, given in marriage by
her father was attended by Mrs.
James Machamer of WiIliamstown,
Pa. Mr.. John Hamstead of Green
wood, Del, was best man. The
ushers were Mr.. George Sweigard,
brother of the bride, Mr.. Kenneth
Layton, Milford, Del.
The wedding music was played
by Mrs. Stuart Trevitz, sister OF
the bride, of Millersburg, Pa, and
the soloist was Rev. Robert A.
Zimmerman of Millersburg, Pa.
Following the reception the
couple left for a wedding trip to
Virginia. The bride Is a graduate
of Millersburg High School and is
employed by Commonwealth Te1e-
phone Company of Dallas, Pa.
The groom, attached with the
u. s. Navy, after having COM
pleted a two-year tour of duty in
Japan. will complete his duties in
San Diego, California.
The couple plan to reside In
Milton, Delaware.
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Happenings of Interest
Throughout Deluwdre

BENEFIT DINNER-The Bridge
vile Volunteer Fire Company will
serve its annual benefit dinner in
the Fire Hall on Sunday, Decem-
Der z. from 100 TO 600 p. m.
Turkey. chicken salad and dump
lings will be on the menu. Tickets
are priced at $125 for adults and
65 cents for children. Dinners will
also be available to take out.
Tickets are now on sale and may
be secured from any member of the
fire company or at the door.
LEGION PLANS - Christmas
plans were discussed at the meet
ing of Sussex Unit No. 8, American
Legion Auxiliary, in the Log Cab
in, at Georgetown, Monday night.
The group arranged to remem-
Der its adopted daughter" at the
Hospital for the Mentally Retarded
at Stockley. They will also carry
out their special gift project with
one of the groups. On Dec. 20,
they will be hostesses for two
dance parties at the hospital.
Mrs. Eiwood Short and Mrs. Will
liam Hickman, Jr., plan to help
with the gift wrapping at the Per-
ry Point Hospital Dec. 6, and al
Brack-Ex, Dec. II.
The past presidents of the local
unit will give gifts for Women's
Ward % to be distributed at a par
ty at Perry Point, Dec. 6.
A bingo party is being planned
for planning ahead at Brack-Ex by
the local unit.
cal unit.
Mrs. Charles Hill, president oi
the unit, presided at the meeting
Committee chairmen outlined theil
objectiyes for the year.
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Wedding
TEscHNER MINNER

TESCHNER : MINNER
Manship's Methodist Church was
the setting of a lovely wedding on
November 5, at four-thirty o'clock.
when Miss Pauline Alice Minner,
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford
IT. Minner of FELTON,, became the
bride of Mr.. Earl Ambrose Tesch-
ner, son of the late Mr.. and Mrs.
Otto E. Teschncr Of Portland, Or
egon.
! The double ring ceremony was
performed by the Reverend Larry
Renner, pastor of the church, be-
fore an altar decorated with palms,
white gladioli, pompom chrysan-
themums and lighted tapers.
The wedding music was played
by Mrs. Rosalie CULLEN of FELTON,
and the soloist was Miss Alice H.
Wilson of Washington, D. c., who
sang Because Ave Marie,
Through the Years" and 1.-The
Lords Prayer"
The bride. given in marriage by
her father, wore a floor length
gown of blush pink satin with re-
embroidered alencon lace, made on
princess lines. Her fingertip veil
of illusion was held by a Juliet
cap of satin and seed pearls. She
carried a prayer book topped with
pink orchids and streamers tied
with stepanotis.
Mrs. Howell Kitchens of Har-
rington, a cousin, was matr6a of
honor. She wore a gown of deep
rose faille with matching acces-
sories and carried spray of pink
carnations. The bridesmaids were
Miss Dorothy Dillon of Washing
ton and Miss La Dean Shirey OF
Cleanfeld, Pa. Their gowns were
Identical of cornfiower blue taf-
feta with matching accessories.
They carried yellow carnations.
Mr.. Kenneth McKnatt of Har-
rington, cousin of the bride, served
as best man. The ushers were Mr.
Howell Kitchens, and Mr.. Warren
Knapp of Harrington. Mr.. John
Curtis and Mr.. Benjamin Moore OF
Harrington assisted the ushers.
The brides mother chose a gown
of Dior blue crepe with matching
accessories. Her corsage was OF
green orchids.
The ceremony was followed by
a reception in the social hall of the
church. On their return from a
wedding trip Mr.. and Mrs. Tesch-
ner will make their home in Wash
ington where they are employed by
the postal service and by the De-
partment of Justice F. B. l., re-
spectively.
Milford chronicle., 1958-12-05
Thanksgiving Dinner

Mr.. and Mrs. Carlton E. Argo
entertained "a members of their
family on Thursday at the Thomp-
senville Church annual turkey din
ner Those present were Mr.. and
Mrs. Thomas P. Mellon and chill
dren, Marie. Cathy, Ginny, Tom
my. Jr., and Jo Ann, of Whining
ton, Mr.. and Mrs. Reynolds d.
Robbins and sons David and Ste
Vie. of Frederick, Mr.. and Mrs.
John P. Argo and children, Karen.
Esther and John P, Jr., of Harbe-
son ana Mr.. and Mrs. James A.
Eskridge and sons, Jimmie, Jr., and
Michael of SeafCrd, and William
and Paul Argo, at home. Another
SON. Reginald, is in training al
Fort Knox, Ky. After dinner they
all spent the afternoon with Mr.,
and Mrs. Robbins.