The Omaha guide., 1957-01-11

-
staff Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor
Washington The biggest fight in may be
over before the public knows what it is all about
Il IS the effort to curb the fibuster
Involved is the battle civil rights legislation
onshp of President Eisenhower the Republican Party
Increasingly restless Negro vote the deep chi among Democrats
and the unstable alignment of American political parties
likely fight viii be over quickly most likely
the drive to curb obruconist tactics in the Senate fgnery used
by southern members against civil rights legislaton) win fail
though an opening gum pol
iteal Fort Sumter.
The administration is committed to civil rights legislation which
can be blocked emaseuaed the fbuster remains That will
be continuing issue.
way Party sharpest split
in half century.
liberals be defeated quickly but hard how stable
balance be achieved thereafter.
the background position parties
the COP in control of the White House the Democrats Of Congress
The public have put both parties trial Not for
ty has presidential election that way probably not
for an equal time have party labels meant so little
Senate
antifibuster fight S the first big test
What it all about?
11man nibuster blocked the arming
ships and President Wilson appealed to the Senate against "a little
group Of wifu men,"
The Senate days adopted rule permitting of
those present and voting limit debate by invoking eOture The
result followed 20 years of campaigning
long step direction
TAKEN often happens under the gse of moving forward
Arthur vandenburg the Republican Senate president pro
ruled that phases involved in applying core
First motion take particular Second the
applied only to the second No limit all could be applied to the
motion 40 take up
words, fbusters applied
bill and thwar possible big Senate majority and the first
cloture could be applied at all
The Vandenberg year (e4e) by
cratic vcePresdent Bae But the Bar reversal was itself
challenged historic Barey oyeruIed 46to
northern COP conservatives united with the southern
Democrats striking example of coalition with which
Washington is familiar than the rest Of the nation
here that soealed compromise" amendment to Rule
% offered by COP leader Kenneth Whey Southern senators
cloture couldn't be used against motion change the and
90 instead Of requiring twohrds vote m those present
ture
provisions pretty up rights leg
isaton since then.
Checks Hasy Action
The South feels it is entitled to veto matters
legitimate protection against hasty legislation.
the other hand point that they popu
ton Of Is million annual purchasing Of around l6 billion dol
lars about million voters and Supreme Court decision banning
segregation.
intangibles beating
against the Senate hlibuster.
January g. 1883 bloc Senate liberals tried
% Congress opened Clinton
son Cd Of New Mexico He argued the Senate not continuing
body and hence rules order The turned
echncaiy Is the Senate @connung2 On January the Sen
ate voted. 7otozl, to table the Anderson motion
Opponents argued it rights all Result
the hbuster continued The coalition Of Republicans and
southern Democrats prevailed The vote for bng Al Republicans
and % Democrats against Republicans IS Democrats and Tnde
Presidents vital
President Eisenhower role in the renewed battle is important
the 1852 election his spokesman Henry Cabot Lodge said that
he authorized tell the Mr. Eisenhower strongly opposed
the fiibuser
When the late Senator Robert Taft then party floor leader
put the matter to COP in January 1853 and majority
sustained Mr. Taft the President did not interfere
(Senator Taft opposed
nng body and based his opposition ibue rules change
that point Theoretically he against the buser but he also
maintained the coalition with the southerners)
Mr. Eisenhower has let It be known through Senator
Irving (R Of New York that he IS sympathetic rules
change.
To this IS evident Republican needed
Southern Democrats viii oppose It as bloc
Republican H Alexander Smith O Jersey said here
virtually consideration Pres
dent Eisenhowers civil rights recommendations"
Congress viii momenous decision right At the