davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

@. How does carbon tetra-
chloride. the cleaning fluid,
poison people who breathe too
much Of it?-W. E.
A. It mixes quickly with the
air in the place where 1t is
being used. and IL soon abb
sorbed by the fatty tissues Of
the body-primarily the brain,
liver. and fatty deposits under
the skin. It may cause the
kidneys to stop functioning.
and thus result in death.
Twenty-Five parts per million
Of carbon tetrachloride is the
maximum safe concentration
for continuous breathing. An
ounce Of carbon tetrachloride
used In an ordinary kitchen
(say 10xl2 feet), unventilated,
gives q concentration Of about
$50 parts per million.
@. What historic decision did
the Supreme Court make con-
corning Dartmouth College?-
TIA.
A. Dartmouth College was
founded in 1859 with the help
Of extensive land grants given
by the Province Of New Hamp-
shire, under charter granted
by George III Of England. In
1915 the New Hampshire Leg
islature passed an act amend
ing the charter. curtailinR the
power II granted to trustees.
and making the college q Stste
institution. The case was car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Atomic Insurance

The Joint Congressional Atomic Com
mittee has done a constructive thing in
approving legislation that would estab-
lish a Federal fund of $500 million to
back up private insurance companies
willing to issue limited policies covering
liability in case of major reactor acct
dents. AS result, assuming that the
Senate and House will follow the COM
mittee's recommendations, there is good
reason to hope for a speed-up in the
development Of nonmilitary nuclear
power in the United States.
Actually, the likelihood of a serious
reactor accident-one that would spread
lethal radioactiv;ty over wide AREAS
extremely remote. Yet, since such things
are possible, private industry has tended
to be hesitant about embarking upon
nuclear power projects, the more so be-
cause regular insurance companies have
offered only partial coverage Of the la
bility risks involved. In other words, a
lot Of venture capital has been holding
itself back In this field for want of ade-
quate protection against loss Of invest
ment in the event Of big mishaps and
costly damage suits.
Such mishaps, 1t should be repeated,
are exceedingly unlikely. Indeed, accord
ing to Chairman Strauss of our Atomic
Energy Commission, II 100 large-scale
nuclear power plants were in operation
in our country, the odds would be about
so million to in any single year against
the danger that runaway or exploding
reactor would cause the death Of even
one American But the field itself is still
so novel that businessmen and investors
are UNDERSTANDABLE inclined to hold them
selves aloof from 1t unless or until they
feel that they have adequate insurance
against the possibility Of accident.
The legislation Endorsed by the Joint
Congressional Atomic Committee is adj
rnirably designed to provide such protec-
ton. AS a matter Of fact, according to
a statement made some weeks ago by Mr..
Strauss, nothing could contribute so
greatly to the acceleration Of nuclear
power development in the United States
as would early and favorable action" in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Press Convoys

I am getting tired OF read
ing stories about the difficulties
with the law experienced by
reporters accompanying the
President to and from Gettys-
burg. Why is 1t necessary that
there be these motorcades Of
reporters following the Presi-
dent on such q relatively short
distance from Washington?
1t seems to me that arrange
ments could be made to pro-
vide pool" coverage for these
week ends at Gettysburg. II
anything should occur which
necessitates that more report
ers and photographers be on
the scene, 1t is after all only q
two-hour or SO trip from
Washington.
Conveys Of automobiles, all
trying to keep up with the
lead car (even when 1t travels
within the speed limit, are
dangerous.
J. w. Wickham.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Junk MoiF

Why should I have to pay
additional postage on wanted
first-class mail and additional
taxes to subsidize unwanted
third-class junk mail-9/l0 Of
which goes Immediately, un-
opened. into the wastebasket?
Last fall was deluged with
six copies Of a catalog from
an old-established firm from
which I have purchased gifts
and gadgets for years. In plac-
ing my order, inclosed the
six stickers obviously ad-
dressed from purchased suck
er lists") and asked them to
check their lists. only to be
told. blandly, that 1t was
cheaper to ay,postage than to
check lists! Now why should
/ have to subsidize such poor
business methods? (Having re-
Gently retired from 35 years
in advertising, I know. too. the
cost Of the catalogs wasn't
chicken feed.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Lee at GETTYSBURG

It is bit difficult to comprehend the
strategy OF commander-in-chief who
sets out on Friday to WOO the South with
sweet talk about the virtues of modern
RepublicaniSm and winds up on Sunday
saying that General Lee bungled the bat
tie Of Gettysburg and should have been
sacked. OF course, General likes Friday
appeal to the South to enlist under the
G. o. P. banner may have been a lost
cause from the start. But If it ever had
chance, it surely was lost in Sundays
verbal engagement on the field Of Gettys-
burg. Talk about bungled battles! Gen.
eral Eisenhower could hardly have done
more thorough job of bungling his own
political campaign If he had come forth
with denunciation Of motherhood and
magnolia blossoms.
General Lee would have known bet
ter. For whatever his plumbers at Gettys-
burg-and he did blunder-he was not
given to second-guessing. He did not
sack" anybody at Gettysburg in 1868
(although he rendered his own resigna-
tom and he would not have sacked any
body had he been there in 1887. He
understood the hazards of the careless
word.
1t was not that Lee lacked alibis had
he wanted to use them. Two months be-
fore the battle he lost his strong right
arm" when Stonewall Jackson was killed
at Characteristic. And Jacksons mag
nificent Second Corps, under a new COM
nander, did not perform well at Gettys-
burg. Jeb Stuart, roaming the countryside
on some adventure of his own, left Lee
without information as to the strength
and dispositions of the Federal troops.
Longstreet, opposed to the plan Of battle,
Sulked throughout the second day and
dragged his feet on the third. If Jackson
had been there, If Stuart had done his
job, If Longstreet had pushed the fight,
or If any one of half dozen lesser "ifs"
had turned out right, the battle might
well have been won.
But it was not won, and no word of
blame fell on any subordinate. General
Lee set about the task Of rallying his shat
tered army for the heart-breaking retreat
back across the Potomac-the retreat
that was to lead to the eventual surrender
at Appomattox Lee-"that guy" as Monty
and Ike called hinl-rode over to Long,
streets bivouac. There were no re-
proaches, no recriminations. Lee said
simply, ''it's all my fault"
In this remark, there certainly was
no rebuke to Longstreet. If there is a
quality about it which rebukes the second
guessers, that is their fault-not Lees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

cepted. This agency has
qualified as an affiliate of a
worldwide accepted health
agency. Its services are not
duplicated by any other group.
1t is a known fact that all
Roman Catholics do not con-
tribute to the UGF and il
they did they could so desig-
nate their gifts. Unfortunately,
the opposition to this applica-
ton was put on a religious
basis.
Are we inundated by the
threats of a minority group
or should Protestants and
Jews exercise their preroga-
tive to the extent Of exclud-
ing all Catholic charities
when giving to the UGF? It
should make all citizens pause
to consider the seriousness Of
a dictated policy.
Mildred r. Selinger.
National Fund Raising Chair
man, Planned Parenthood
Federation of America,
Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

These arguments go far be-
yond the issue Of whether or
not the ban should be lifted on
publications and correspond
ents wishing to report on Red
China. They assert that the
State Department must chan
mel their activities, even to
barring them from areas of
vital public interest. If ac-
cepted, this doctrine would
eventually turn every writer
and reporter into q govern
ment agent, which is what
Dulles apparently means by
responsible men,"
Function Of Reporter
Far more strongly than
Sulzberger says, it must be
stated that Dulles is totally
blind to the function of the
reporter. He does not exist to
serve the Government but to
inform the American people,
and to do so with the utmost
objectivity of which he is
capable. The line he must hew
to is the line of truth, and no
other. II he is frivolous and
irresponsible" (regarding the
TRUTH he will be corrected by
others. If his revelations do
not support a Government
policy, they may lead to a
change in it. His value Is that
he is not the hired man of any
government but a reporter and
testifler of truth. He is "re-
sponsible" exactly to the ex-
tent that he seeks to fulfill
this function. And its fulfill
ment is not only his profess
sional duty. It is his patriotic
duty.
The suggestion that freedom
OF reporting can exclude &C.
cess to facts is extremely dan
gerous doctrine. The cleaning
Of facts is essential to knowl-
edge, without which the right
to publish is empty-and its
exercise irresponsible.
Dulles concept of the func-
ton of the political reporter
and analyst is close to that of
all totalitarian states, and
logically carried out in prac-
tice would lead to identical
results.
The Secretary's other argu-
ments are smoke screens. But
they must be taken UP in the
next column.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
When Years Retreat

Noto they discover: non they
knotD-
These tho old friends uho
meet
After so many years, the OlotD
OF youth iohen years retreat.
They remintsce and recognize
Young selves that used to
be,
As 0lotoin0 cheeks and shining
eyes
Turn years back happily.
They see no wrinkles. Life Is
ktndi
They SIP their tea and smile,
For here In memory they find
Youth fingers yet atDhile. y
Mary 3. Word
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Young Republicans

III D May editorial, sec
ond-Term Blues" The Star
notes that since Congress re-
fuses to accept the Eisenhower
budget as is. the President will
take his defense to the people.
and says: His personal pop
ularity is unimpaired. His pro-
gram. on the whole. is good
and fashioned in the public
interest" While loyalty Is an
admirable virtue, one should
not persist in ignoring reali-
ties. Surely the news services
did not fail to inform The
Star Of the proceedings at the
seventh annual convention of
the Midwest Federation Of Col
lege Young Republican Clubs.
at which over 200 delegates
we're present. President Eisen-
hover sent greetings and Sem
ator Wiley addressed the con-
vention. BY now they both
wish they hadn't.
This convention passed res
olutions opposing Federal aid
to education: calling for the
return to a free market system
for farm products; advocating
right-to-work laws: calling for
a cut In the budget and for
cuts In foreign aid: and call
ing for rejection Of the Atoms
for-Peace Treaty. Finally.
Peter Smith, from the Univer-
sity Of Nebraska, who called
Tor passage Of the Bricker
amendment and for emancipa-
ton from progressive mod
eration." soundly trounced an
opponent from the University
OF Michigan. who ran on a
100 per cent pro-Eisenhower
ticket. by a vote of three to
one. Owen Frisby from North
western University Law School
says: ut was only necessary to
win Endorsement Of a measure
to note that ike is against IT,"
and that there is a definite
shift In the thinking Of our
young people," Hallelujahi
Looks like the youngsters
have started to think for
themselves and can no longer
be beguiled by the II like Ike"
slogan. although most Of their
elders remain In a hypnotic
trance.
Old ReactiOnary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

I am a regular reader of
Constantine Browns column
and must say frankly that l
am not favorably impressed.
In my opinion he Is bitter and
unjust in his conclusions. This
is especially borne out in his
column Of Tuesday, April 30.
1t is clear that he is only
specifically familiar with Arab
history when he writes. The
people Of that area have been
accustomed for hundreds Of
years TO respect power" and
from that concludes that q
show Of power is going to
solve the problems Of the Mid
die East. We may fear power,
as who in the world does not
in these days. but we shall
never respect it!
In the last decade or so
America has emerged as a
world leader and in this role
she must exercise the greatest
wisdom and understanding.
We Arabs associate her in our
minds with democratic and
constructive ways. and all her
persuasive power could be de-
stroyed overnight by relying
on the showing of force. Only
tragedy will come II America
follows the ways Of the colonial
powers as Mr.. Brown seems to
wish she would.
Those men who Mr.. Brown
says hardly know what kilo-
watt is and who he seems to
think are impressed only by
force. are the very ones Amer
lea wants to raise up. II ! un-
derstand correctly the pur-
pose Of her many missions in
the Middle East. They are the
ones who are marching to
liberation and who will change
the face Of history in that part
Of the world. They must be led,
not forced. in the right direc-
ton. Indeed, II they are forced,
as Mr.. Brown seems to want
them TO be. 1t is democracy
which will ultimately be de-
feated and destroyed. to the
great detriment Of the whole
world.
N. HAM,
Cultural Attache, Embassy
Of Iraq.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
ON THE RECORD
u. S. Ban on Reporters to Red China Hit
BY DOROTHY THOMPSON

The exchange of letters be-
tween Arthur Hays Sulz-
berger, publisher of The New
York Times, and Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles is a
dismaying revelation.
Specifically. the question
at issue was whether Ameri-
can press correspondents
should be permitted to visit
and report on Communist
China. The Secretary had
suggested in a press confer
ence that a limited number
might be permitted to 60, and
their reports could be pooled
for the news-gathering COM
munity. Sulzberger rejected
this while admitting that ut
would be necessary to guard
the department against fri
volous journalistic adventures
by people more interested in
visiting China than in report
ing what is going on there"
Dulles countered that "in
our Far Eastern policies the
United States would be
gravely imperiled If there
were a general influx of
Americans into Communist
China at this time" and listed
reasons such as non-recogni-
ton Of the regime 80 that we
cannot issue a passport to
it; the existence of a quasi
state Of war and the con-
tinued application of the trad
ing-with-the-enemy act: the
illegal failing of Americans
already in China; the effect
on the free countries of Asia,
etc. :"
Dulles Argument
In Dulles whole argument
the assumption prevails that
the function of the writer and
reporter is to support the for
eign policy of the United
States. He fears that the jour-
nalists might not all be ire
sponsible";; asserts that foreign
policy involves the acceptance
Of certain restraints by the
American people: makes the
extraordinary judgment that
Constitutional freedom of the
press relates to publication, not
the gathering of news: and
says fatty that foreign policy
cannot succeed unless 1t chan
nels the activities of our peo-
pie, and in this respect news
papermen have also their d.
patriotic duty"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

determined look, and RAPIDLY
dial a number. any number.
Make up your own number.
If you can't think up one OF.
hand.
Then lean back and wait.
in orthodox fashion.
Count the time in seconds for
six rings.
Then say Hello" brightly.
and begin to listen.
Listen as if you were dis
cussing the weight of the
world or something.
There is nobody there, it is
true, but others don't know it.
though a few may suspect it.
(They have pulled the same
gag themselves, in time OF
need.)
II one can't find anything
else to do. rustling papers is
good.
Most papers rustic pleas
antly when handled in the
right way.
They, too. are "me-shaped."
as the ad put 1t.
Papers fit the hand so nicely
that almost any one can rustic
them in the most delightful
manner.
The point is. Of course. that
such a noise gives a solid i'm
preston of work and more
work.
Expert paper rustlers come q
dime a dozen in most we'll or
dered offices, and IS cents a
dozen in badly oriented places.
The greatest gag of all, how
ever, is this:
Gaze intently into space, or
at a typewriter. This pose de-
notes thinking in any setup.
Remember the fam Gus
statue, THE Thinker.
The big guy with too little
clothes on had his elbow on
his hnee, his chin on his hand,
as he looked fixedly into space.
He probably still is looking,
wherever he is.
Even If you are the girliest
girl in the world, you need to
adopt this pose at least once
a day.
1t does wonderful things for
you.
1t shows you are thinking.
and thinking is the basic in
gredient In our world still.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Warm Greeting Indeed

Soviet President Klementi Voroshilov
unquestionably received warm welcome
In Jakarta, but the motivation for the
warmth Is not quite so clear. Indonesian
President Sukarno and 21-gun salute
greeted the Russian visitor at the airport.
So did an estimated 100000 Indonesians,
who heard the Moscow marshal explain
that Western imperialists are currently
threatening world peace. Streets were
lined with Russian and Indonesian flags
and, by order, private homes along the
way had been freshly painted and all
litter removed. But the bouquets Of
flowers that we're presented at the air
port were In contrast to the bouquets OF
stones and old shoes that were produced
when the marshal arrived at his tempo
rary residence, the state palace. An esti-
mated 1000 enthusiastic Indonesians put
on such warm reception of their own
at that point-tearing down Voroshilov
posters and shouting "go home"-that
military police and army reinforcements
were needed to restore order.
Ordinarily, Indonesians are very cor
rect In their social behavior. And It is
great favor, Of course, that Marshal
Voroshilov is paying their country in
making such long trip for the purpose
OF talking about the evil forces now at
work in the world. Some powerful impulse
must have inspired this warmth" at
the palace, possibly the unusual govern
ment edict that all "men In the streets"
on the greatAday of the visitors arriv&
had to wear neckties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

ried to the Supreme Court.
With John Marshall as Chief
Justice. the court held that the
New Hampshire Legislatures
act was void because It i'm
paired the obligation Of q con-
tract and was therefore in vio-
lation Of Section 10 of Article
I Of the Constitution.
c., When Senator Wayne
Morse made his record fili-
buster q few years ago, did he
remain standing the entire
time? And did he eat any
thing?-F. o.
A. On April 24-25. 1853.
Senator Morse Of Oregon. then
an independent. was on his
feet for q record % hours and
rs minutes while he fili.
clustered against the pending
offshore oil bill. Senate rules
require q speaker to stay on
mis- feet, behind his desk. or
lose the floor. Newspapers re-
ported that he slipped SPAR
ingly from cups Of bouillon and
tea and once in q while took a
swallow Of ice water. This was
supplemented by q few crack
ers and q chocolate bar do
mated by q colleague"
@. How much weight could
one Of the Conestoga wagons
carry? e. T.
A. From two to four tons,
depending on the size Of TIA
wagon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
On CUTTING the BUDGET

AS spokesman for the Cham
Der Of Commerce in connection
with that organizations great
hue and cry for a large cut in
the Federal budget, / wonder
If the chambers president
would be so vociferous if, in
adhering to his wishes. the
Federal Government decided
to cut OF about so per cent Of
the Federal works in this area.
wonder il he and the other
members Of his organization
would accept the loss in rev.
enue half as gracefully as
would the fine men and wom-
en- who would lose their jobs.
/ wonder II these fine gentle
men have studied the budget
requirements well enough to
understand that a cut of only
some So billion would throw
the economy Of this country
into a tail spin faster than
Juniors kite with a short tail.
I am inclined to think that
the good merchants in the
Washington area would be the
first to yell mo. no. heavens
to-Betsy, no-not us, don't cut
the Federal expenses in this
area. 60 cut the expenses some
place else" 1t simply boils
itself down to whose OK is be-
ing gored; or more aptly,
whose cash register first starts
tinkling. Where. oh where has
my little dollar gomez"
I am In favor of economy
too: that is real economy, but
I am not in favor Of q depres-
sion. 1t seems to me that So
called big business would learn
some day that General Motors
did not build America. but
America built General Motors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

ONCE workers have a whole
series Of gags which help give
the impression that they are
terriflcally busy.
One is to suddenly, while in
conversation away from ones
desk. leap to attention, say
dramatically. II think it's my
phone" and make a wild dash.
The phone Is seized and
scooped to the ear in one mo-
ton.
There is nobody there. of
course.
There never was.
It was all an act, to con-
vince others that one was
working at high speed.
Somehow, it is almost al
ways a male worker.
The ladies perhaps have
more subtle methods Of boost
ing their own morale.
After he has put on this
performance half a dozen
times in an hour (actual
count) he has created quite a
breeze for himself. and a good
impression in others.
Those on whose toes he has
stepped in his wild dashes
are not impressed; they often
do not realize just what he is
up to. but they take a rather
dim view of it. whatever it is.
The serious worker will
smile. perhaps. at such tom
foolery. but it seems to have q
place in the modern setup.
Another gag is to drink cof-
fee at ones desk.
The coffee break is not
enough.
Coffee at ones desk gives a
very good impression Of a dedi-
Gated servant Of industry.
One is so busy, old chap.
that he simply can't afford
the time to go upstairs.
It looks better, he thinks, to
steadily pound away between
gulps.
But does 1t?
Another gag is the good old
telephone.
This one is always standard.
You can do a great deal with
it. If you know how. and don't
mind the slight smokers Of o
few in the know.
Seize the instrument with q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

One Of the criticisms Of the
United Givers Fund is that
not enough large national or
CARNATIONS have Joined. Re-
Gently the board OF trustees
Of the United Community
Services rejected an applica-
ton Of the Planned PARENT
hood Association Of d. c. for
admission solely because an
official Of the Roman Catholic
Church raised scarcely yelled
threat Of the loss Of their
contributors and workers Il
Planned Parenthood was ac-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14

support Of this legislation. If the Senate
and House vote for it, as they should, the
atoms-for-peace program will be given
a good push forward.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
Fodinq SoIdieys2

Gen. Macarthur is quoted as
saying, "Old soldiers never
die. they Just fade away"
The political soldiers OF IT
like Ike" seem to be fading
away.
James C. Nesom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
To q Good Catholic

It was enlightening to read
Catholics and xxx" signed
by a Maryland Catholic
but how can q good Catholic"
be Q segregationist? A
Maryland Lutheran.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-14
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.