davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03
BUSINESS
BRIEFS

Chemical industry sales in
1857 should reach about S2S
billion. up fve-and-one- half
times from 1889. according to
q survey by the American
Chemical Society.
Hertz Corp. announced It has
concluded negotiations to ac-
quire the Hawaiian Car Rental
Co. from Earl Thacker, Hertz
system licensee.
West. Va. Pulp q Paper in
nine months ended July 81
earned $9.372.O 900 or S1.sl q
share vs.. $4,000 900 or $2.54 in
1855 period.
Marathon Corp. in year ended
July 81 earned 97.873,357 or
S2.18 q share vs.. 98.634,530 or
$2.3e in 1855.
Archer-DanieIs- Midland in
year ended June 30 earned S.
204. 4o1 or sass q share VS..
$5.67l sos or $3.50 In 1856.
Harris Intertype Corr. in
year ended June 30 earned
"a. 733,045 or $4.02 q share VS..
$3.344.720 or $40 in 1856.
Continental Motors Corp. in
nine months ended July 81
earned e2.744.033 or IS cent q
share VS.. teO6.43e or 81 cents
In 1856 period.
Smith Corona, Inc, in year
ended June 80 earned $2,l53,-
S92 or $500 q share VS.. ST.
73i.276 or 500 in 1856.
Marshall Field q Co. in 6
months ended July 81 earned
$l,o86.036 or IS cents q share
vs.. $2,3O0.S7o or e1.O2 in 1855
period.
Virginia. Carolina Chem. in
year ended June 80 earned
$946.380 or $4.44 q share VS..
$1.379.016 or $6.47 in 1856.
H. L. Green Co. In 8 months
ended July 81 earned $500, 1854
or so cents Q share VS.. S733,672
or 81 cents in 1856 period.
Minneapolis Moline in Q
months ended July 81 had q
loss or S53l. 451 vs.. q loss Of
s74S,203 in 1856 period.
Neisner Brothers In 8 months
ended June 30 earned $33,S7T
or flve cents q share VS.. $780,
6Se or 20 cents In 1855 period.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03

administered prices in concern
trated industries may contrib
ute to this problem"
While the phrase admins
tered prices" may be kicked
around Senate hearing rooms,
it's hardly one you'd hear on
ladies' lips as they rush the
bargain counters. So what Is
1t?
The term was thought up by
DR.. Gardner c. Means, an econ
omist. In 1885, when he was
economic adviser on finance to
the Secretary Of Agriculture,
Mr.. Means wrote q study en-
titled Industrial Prices and
Their Relative Intiexibility." In
Il he said:
IAN administered price /. /. d
. price which Is set by admin.
istrative action and held con.
slant for Q period Of time. We
have an administered price
when Q company maintains q
posted price ct which It viii
make sales or simply has It's
own prices at which buyers
may purchase or not Is they
wish"
Mr.. Means Is q consulting
economist who lives In Virginia.
He has various academic de-
grees, including q Pho. al
Harvard, He spent several years
in textile manufacturing, but
for the most part his career
has been with Government
agencies.
On the basis of Mr.. Means
definition most prices are adj
ministered prices. Perhaps the
most notable exceptions are
farm prices. A farmer cannot
set q specific price for his hogs.
He has to sell them at the
market-what they will bring
when sent to market.
Market prices are vastly DIFF
ferent from administered prices.
on the Nations commodity ex.
changes. market prices may
nuctuate every minute. Over
the course Of q day the price
changes many times.
In contrast, the price Of steel
is an administered price"
within the framework Of DIR.
Means definition. The seller
sets the price and he attempts
to maintain 1t. So, too, are the
prices Of most things people
buy administered prices"
Almost all prices in our
economy" said DR.. Jules Back
man, professor Of economies at
New York University. "are set
by administrative action. This
is true Of the giant automobile
industry and the smallest re-
tail store"
While an administered price
Is set by the seller, that seller
has to consider many factors
when setting his price. Macy's,
putting q price on the mer-
chandise at its bargain counter,
has to watch what Gimbel's is
doing.
The seller. says Prof. Black
man, doesn't determine this
(administered) price in q vac
uum. He Is not free to set the
price at any level he may capri
ciously determine. On the con.
trary, the penalty for error in
his judgment win be q loss Of
sales and prOflts"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03
NEW YORK COTTON

NEW YORK, SEPT. 3 0,.-comnlis-
cotton futures during the forenoon aSSs
today. one broker sold about 1000
only .oale down trade buyins. ''
interest ssq II .p sc; cotton % ss S se:s %
cQnnned TO nearby shipments IN the
Atlanta. area, Mills complained OF q
lack Of cotton goods business and
demand for spot cotton. was not ex-
increase. The Arm commented. '
Noon prices were. rs 70 So cents q
bale lower than the previous close,
October 3,5S. December 1891 and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03

inll Rates Of dividends IN the foregoing
table, are annual disbursements based
On TIE last quarterly or senii-annunl
DECLARATION. Unless Otherwise noted, spe.
cial % extra dlvidelds are nof included.
SlSs az stock s' dividend 'rs db.1iASssnSu g. s.S
N 1857 plus stock dividend. 3 Paid last
year: Psysele u stock dgElng 1857.
ex-distri4uslon date. g Declared o. paid
e sf,t tsr ,,o as SSsIs:nd p Dee ss or rae
elaved o. peld the year. an accumula.
ierfed or no action taken a last dividend
s.ss pselaTis O Rsiq y ~. isse Plus
S Ss:lIs.SS 9. s:diililsSiIsV 9Sis: EE1Ssl.
don1, E.0.9 - Distribution, Hr ~ rinhl1
~ Nliheui .Elsgalls w vaiIlall
Esel r.hlp % bsllS rsorssnllsd andsr
sumeI hy such companies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03
MARaEnHN

MARSEMLES.-The proper
ton Of French imports from the
United States that were paid
for by exports To the United
States dropped from As per
cent In 1855 toN23 per cent in
1866. or back to the prewar
level.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03

NnIiv oelo1 On ire 9nchollo
100 8. go 600 900 pm Q 900 900
tunt q trading 10 shares o. sales n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-03
.ODD-LOT DEALINGS

NEW YORK. sept. . R.-The New
York stock ExchanEe reported today
dealers on the exchange. for August 30:
iss'oss shares iiSiSdina' S'CIs i .Ssr g
sold short.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17

but I am talking here not
about the kind of stern punc-
tilio that turns so many off,
cial parties into exercises re-
sembling close-order drills,
but the dignity Of manners
and TASTE
Miss Maxwell attributes
this return to dignity with
grace" to Mrs. Alice Roose-
welt Longworth-"the wom-
an who is undisputed leader
of the Capitals new political
society"
She cites Perle Mesta as
Washington's best known
and most spectacular party
giver," but says she's too
kindhearted. She's never
learned to say No." writes
Miss Maxwell. She maintains
that Mrs. Mesta is at her
best in Washington, where
she knows everybody worth
knowing"
Other outstanding host
esses mentioned by Miss
Maxwell are Nine. jacques
Balsan formerly Consuelo
Vanderbilt and the Duchess
of Marlborough: the late
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17
BY SELWA ROOSEVELT

Elsa Maxwell, who by her
own count has given some
1000 parties over the past
40 years. finally reveals the
secrets Of her many sue
cesses.
In a book entitled "How to
Do 1t or the Lively Art OF
Entertaining" published this
past week by Little, Brown
e. Co., the famous party
giver examines the art OF be-
ing a hostess and-just as
important-of being a guest.
"Anatomize the character
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17
Reception and Tea

The Embassy of Israel is
extending an invitation to all
new members of the Pioneer
Women to attend a reception
and tea on Thursday at 2 pm.
at the embassy, 1921 Twenty
second street NV.
A recent film on Israel will
be shown and there will be q
guest speaker. Mrs. Max
Chidel is president Of the
Pioneer Women Council and
Mrs. H. Lowens is mem
bership chairman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17
Miss Lee
Engaged to
Mr.. Blair

Brig. Gen. and Mrs. Ray
mond E. Lee announce the
engagement of their daugh-
ter Susan Jenifer to Mr.. E. A.
Grosvenor Blair OF New York
City.
Miss Lee made her debut
at the Washington Debutante
Ball in 1858, She was gradu-
ated from Madeira School
and Vassar College and is
at present a graduate drama
student at Catholic Univer-
sity.
Mr.. Blair is the son OF
Mrs. Samuel A. Gayley of
Bryn Mawr, Pa. and of Mr..
Paxton Blair of New York
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17

and is the grandson Of DR..
and Mrs. Gilbert Grosvenor
of this city.
He is a graduate Of Deer
field Academy. Amherst Col
lege and the University Of
Virginia Law School, class Of
1853. After serving in the
Navy, he is now practicing
law in New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17

Lady Mend. and in Rome
today. the American born
Baroness 10 Monaco.
Among the New Workers
whom she praises are Mrs
william Woodward. ST.. Mrs.
Artur Rubinstein and Mrs.
Norman Winston.
In ofiicial circles, says the
author, usually the higher
the position, the worse the
hostess. This is because these
exalted types usually don't
know how to unbend. How
ever, q delightful exception
according to Miss Maxwell.
is Queen Frederick Of Greece.
y &&*
THE BACKBONE OF EN-
TERTAINING, writes the
irrepressible party giver--
Is the dinner party.
She hates cocktail parties.
and another pet peeve is the
"musicale"--not because she
doesn't ike music, but be-
cause usually the artists per-
forming at these events are
very inferior and generally
bore everyone to death.
The most neglected type Of
party, she writes, is the week
end mixed luncheon and the
mixed afternoon tea-which
is almost extinct.
Among male hosts, diplo-
mats rate at the top Of her
list, closely followed by bach
elors.
Among her suggestions to
would-be hostesses are:
Keep the children out Of
sight; never invite artists to
your parties in hopes they
will perform; never give way
to pity, sentiment or sense Of
obligation in planning lists;
avoid having too many rela-
tives in a party; avoid very
shy, uncertain types. don't
have the same people to-
gether always; mix age
groups. and by all means pay
attention to details Of house,
keeping and food.
THE PERFECT GUEST is
described thus - agreeable
personality, original ideas,
good conversationalist, good
listener, to name a few traits.
Her idea Of the most per-
feet dinner party imaginable
includes the following guests:
The Duchess of Devonshire.
Nine. Maria Callas. Mrs. Da-
vid Bruce. Mrs. John Fell.
Mrs. Clare Booth Luce and
herself as hostess, with the
men contingent including
Prince Ally Khan, w. Somer-
set Vaughan, Due di YER
dura, Lord Astor. Mr.. Noel
Coward and Mr.. Cole Porter.
There's chapter called
"These Can Kill a Party"
with some very recognizable
types Observation-Disclosures more
on the art of preparing for
a party-and most impor-
tant. there's a chapter de-
voted to the art of good eat
ing, including favorite recipes
of various celebrities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17
THE WORD is OUT!
ElsQ Maxwell Gives
Secrets Of Success

Of a successful hostess" says
Miss Maxwell, land the knife
will lay bare the fact that
she owes her position to one
of three things: either she is
liked, or she is feared or she
is important"
=
IN WASHINGTON says
Elsa Maxwell, there has been
a great improvement in the
social scene.
ut has dignity, which 1t
didn't have before. l know l
have denounced dignity as a
pleasure killer, and still do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-17

QUEEN OF PARTYGIVERS- MoxweI, as
pictured on the jacket of her new book "How
to Do It," which wos published this post week.
Miss Maxwell soys she does NOT recommend
holding ones finger out when dunking. los,
dangerous!
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
St. Paul..
CONTINUED from page -

what we shall drink; nor yet for
your body what we shall put on.
Is not life more than meat, and
the body more than raiment?
Behold the fowls of the air; for
they oW not, neither do they
reap, nor gather into barns; yet
your Heavenly Father feedeth
them. Are we not better than
they. Which of you by taking
thought can add one cubit unto
his stature? And why take We
thought for raiment? Consider
the lilies of the field how they
grow; they toni not, neither do
they spin; and yet I say unto you
that even Solomon in all his
glory was not arrayed like one
of these. Wherefore if God so
clothe the grass of the field
which today is and tomorrow is
cast into the oven, shall he not
much more clothe you? O We of
little faith! Therefore take no
thought, saying what shall we
eat or what shall we drink or
WhereWithal shall we be clothed?
For after all these things do the
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24

There was also a request by
the Local Council on Juvenile
Delinquency that the police de-
partment check up on the rumor
that teen-agers are frequenting
tavernS. It has been voiced that
some taverns have teen-agers
serving beer to patrons in their
bars.
Trustee Wilson pledged that if
this was true he would make an
all -out effort to stop it at once.
President Maxey also pledged
to do everything he can to stop
this violation.
Boys & girls, another of those
enjoyable dances at Sid's Car
Wash this Friday night, August
23rd, 1857 from until IL pm.
All dances given by the Local
Council on Juvenile Delinquency
are supervised
Mable Lindsey, Pres.
Mildred Bolden, Sec'y.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
Robbins Newest
Beautician

Mrs. Mary Kramer. Robbins
newest beautician. is a graduate
beautician and wants the public
to know that no appointments
are necessary-just call Fulton
$ : GAS. Her address is 13745
Troy street. She will wash and
press your hair and do all Of
the other things necessary to
keep you looking your best.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
Local Council
On Juvenile
Delinquency
BY Carlos V. Lindsey

The Local Council on Juvenile
Delinquency is looking forward
to most enjoyable affair at the
browning of the Sweetheart of
Robbins Mascots baseball club
on August 81, 1857 at Lincoln
Memorial School.
The Local Council is asking all
parents, friends and citizens to
attend this great event. Show
our youth that we are proud of
what they are trying to do.
Judge Carlos V. Lindsey and
Coach Willie Jackson escorted
the players of the Robbins Mas
cots to the White Sox Park at
35th and Shields avenue, Chica-
60 Wednesday, August 21st as
guests of Sheriff Joseph D. Lob
man and the management of the
White Sox baseball club to see
the White Sox win over the
Washington Senators by score
of IL to g. The Mascots had a
most, enjoyable time. In fact the
occasion was a memorable one
for the entire group.
The group was accompanied
by the President of the Local
Council on Juvenile Delinquency,
Mrs. Mable Lindsey and big shot
Bonds, who INDUCED in eat and
drink to his hearts content.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24

At Council meeting Tuesday
night the Local Council on Ju-
venile Delinquency presented a
written request asking the Viii
lage officials to install "slow"
signs on 18th street from Ridge
way to Crawford avenue for the
benefit of the children playing
at the playground at Ayers ave.
and 18th street in the vicinity
of Ayers Park. The Local Coun-
Gil on Juvenile Delinquency is
interested in keeping our chill
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
CORNER
DID YOU THINK TO PRAY?

DID YOU THINK TO PRAY?
When unexpected problems
met you
At the break of day,
Finding you all unprepared,
Did you think to pray?
In the insecurity,
Accompanying fright,
Did you think to breathe a
prayer
That God would make things
right?
Morning, noon and night, God
gives us
Help whene'er we think to
pray
Let us ne'er forget the saying
God is just a prayer away"
Clara Elizabeth Otto.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24

; Gentiles seek. For your heaven
ly Father knoweth that We have
need of all these things. But
seek ye first the Kingdom OF
God and his righteousness and
all these things shall be added
unto you. Therefore take no
thought for the morrow, for the
morrow shall take thought for
the things of itself. Sufficient
unto the day is the evil thereof.
Est. Matthew 6:25-34.
Let me invite you again to our
church and services. Last Sunday
our distinguished guest was Mrs.
Colleen Brown, 1875 Holman
avenue, Robbins, Illinois.
Rev. I. B. Anderson, Pastor
M. A. Ephriam, Reporter.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
AARON MOORE.

King of the 88 keyboard and
and his MITE CRAWLERS,
doing his famous Blue Mon
day song.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
BIG RUMMAGE SALE

Opens the new Resale Shop,
1914 w. 139th st. Now going on
Monday thru Saturday, 10 am.
to 5 pm. Clothes, dishes, fur
niture, etc.
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24
Now appearing al COTHRONS new LOUNGE
EVERY FRIDAY AND SATURDAY
SUNDAY MATINEE
SHEILA LOU

from Capetown. So. Africa,
bringing a new twist to
America!
The Robbins eagle. (Robbins, Ill.) 1951-1963, 1957-08-24

alive fine
y oweth tina ehavel Iii L
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03

the Maryland team won the
world championship.
Comes Naturally
Cattle judging is almost second
nature to Bobby whose parents
operate the Pond View Dairy
Farm. Both Mr.. and Mrs. Messer
are All leaders and Messer con.
ducts training courses in judging
during the summer.
Bobby has been in some part
of the All movement since she
was 10 years old. Unlike her sis
ter, who will major in home
economics, she plans to become
nurse.
Quiet and unassuming, Bobby
didn't even telephone her parents
to let them know of her teams
victory. She left that job to
Roscoe N. Whipp, assistant coun-
ty agent who went to Iowa with
the team.
Others Credited
Mr.. and Mrs. Messer, as well
as County Agent Delbert T.
Foster, give much of the credit
for the teams success to Whipp
and John Morris, a University of
Maryland extension service
worker.
Whipp and Morris, together
with many All leaders through
out the county spend many hours
coaching 4-H youngsters in the
intricacies of cattle judging.
Indicative of their work was
the Montgomery County All
Livestock and Dairy Judging
team which walked off with the
top honors at the State Fair in
Timonium last month. The dairy
team was composed of Bobby
Messer, Jack King, of Woodfield,
and Connie Mills, of Damascus.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03
England Trip Looms
Top National HOn0rs
Won BY County Girl

Roberta Messer, 16, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Allie Messer,
Gaithersburg, was one of four
man Maryland dairy cattle judg-
ing team this week which won
the national championship at the
mammoth National Dairy Cattle
Congress in Waterloo, Iowa.
The team will go to England
next June to compete in inter
national judging.
Bobby" as she's known to her
friends, is following sister Patsy's
trail. Patsy, 18, a freshman at
the University of Maryland, also
was on national championship
team from Maryland two years
ago.
She, too, went to England and
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03
Billboard
Ordinance
Adopted

An up-to-date sign and bill
board ordinance with strict def
nitions of signs and their loca.
tions and sizes was adopted by
Rockville's Mayor and Council
this week.
The sign ordinance is part of
newly-adopted Zoning code which
includes all the amendments ap-
proved by the council since it was
first adopted in September, 1856.
General Outdoor Advertising
Company's attorney John Moore
of Linowes and Moore was pres
ent Tuesday to protest the pass
ing of the sign ordinance as his
client had mot been advised of
the hearing which had been held
the previous week.
Can Be Amended
However, council members felt
that they should not hold up the
ordinances adoption as the adv.
vertising people can at any time
petition to amend the text of the
new ordinance and get a hearing
on their objections.
Specific regulations included in
the ordinance are 825 square foot
maximum or standard billboard
size for any outdoor advertising
structure; minimum of 300 feet
of road frontage for each bill
board; the same setback and
building restriction requirements
for billboards as for buildings in
similar zones which are limited to
commercial and service indus
trial; a billboard must be the pri-
mary use of any tract which
means that a billboard and a
building cannot be put on the
same lot. The general sign re-
quirements establish reasonable"
allowances for signs in residen-
tial zones.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03
Schools Close
2 Days While
Teachers Meet

AT the three-day convention of
the Maryland State Teachers AS
sociation which opens in Balti-
more next Thursday, E. Guy
Jewell, principal of Edwin
Broome Junior High, Rockville,
Will be elected to head this years
slate of officers previously Sc
lected by straw ballot of the AS
sociation's entire membership.
School will be closed next
Thursday and Friday while the
teachers trek to their annual
meeting.
Main speaker at the opening
general session on Thursday
afternoon in Baltimore's Fifth
Regiment Armory, will be Sen
John F. Kennedy, (D-Mass.)
Music for this session will be
played by the Montgomery Coun-
ty Youth Orchestra under the di-
rection of Chester Petranek, as
sistant supervisor of music in the
county. 1t is one of three groups
in Maryland chosen to play at the
convention.
On Friday morning John Ma
son Brown, author and critic will
address the gathering which is
expected to exceed 10000 teach
ers.
Mayor Thomas DAlesandro,
Jr., and Superintendent John H.
Fischer will bring greetings and
welcome the teachers to Balti-
more.
In addition to the speakers at
the general sessions, teachers
will hear from various experts
in their fields at 81 meetings
sponsored by SO departments of
the Association in schools and
other buildings throughout Balti-
more on Friday afternoon.
DR.. Gerald Wendt, director of
the Institute for Atomic Develop
ments will address the third gen
eral session on Saturday morn
ing in the auditorium of the Bal
timore City College.
On Thursday and Saturday
mornings, some 500 teacher rep
resentatives, meeting as the Rep
resentative Assembly of the AS
sociation will elect officers and
establish policy for the coming
year.
The Legislative Committee is
expected to recommend that the
General Assembly be asked to
override the Governors veto of
the bill which would have in
creased the state minimum sal
airy scale for teachers by $400
and would have made available
more state funds for classroom
supplies and other operating ex-
penses.
The Committee will also rec
ommend that the State Board of
Educators minimum salary
scale of $4,000 to $5400 be put into
effect. This would require pas
sage of a new bill to provide an
additional S400 per teacher.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03

G. Mcdonald Garrett, native
of Rockville whose sister, Mrs.
Frank H. Higgins still lives here,
died of a heart ailment Septem-
ber II in Indianapolis.
Mr.. Garrett served as head
master of the Detroit University
and as headmaster of the Park
School, in indianapolis.
In addition to his sister, Mrs.
Higgins, he is survived by his
widow, Margaret, a son, G.. Nc
Donald, Jr., a daughter, Mrs.
Jean Wilcox, another sister, Mrs.
George Israel, of Orlando, Fla,
and three grandsons.
Burial was in Indianapolis.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03
King SOlOmon's
Court Staged

Ten brides and bridesmaids"
were presented to King Sol
omon's Court during colorful
festivities of the Montgomery
County Council of Homemakers
last Sunday at Carver High
School.
Mrs. Lula Kicks was selected
as the Kings bride" because
her club, the Norbeck club, col
lected the most money for the
progress of the University of
Maryland Extension program.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-10-03
S ENTlNEL ooMTT9MSR9 coSNq9' Mn'
Thursday, October ;. lS57-A2|

the poultry industry, particularly
of a legislative nature.
Mrs. Weisberg operates Cog
dor" Poultry Farm at Hyatts-
town with her husband, Harold.
She will compete Tuesday
against other contestants from
the United States at Harrisburg,
Pa. in the National Poultry Expo
sition.