davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Kennedy on AIqerio

Senator Kennedy has overSimplifled
matters in urging that the United States
inject itself openly, more or less like
stern and Self-righteous moral lecturer,
into the French-Algerian conflict. In his
opinion, such action would not only help
to bring about peaceful settlement, but
would also show the INDEPENDENTLY
the peoples of Asia and the Middle East
that American policy is definitely against
Western imperialism" just as much as it
is against the kind of enslavement that
the Kremlin practices.
But this thesis is highly dubious, and
even deplorable, for number of reasons.
In the first place, Frances imperialism"
in Algeria cannot properly or accurately
be equated with the tyrannical domina-
ton that the Soviet Union exercises over
its captive satellite lands. There is no
question, for example, that the Algerian
people, economically politically and 9TH
erwiSe, are far better off-incomparably
so-than the Hungarians And what about
the Latvians, the EStonians and the Lith-
uanianS whose freedom has been utterly
wiped out by Moscow? Can anybody doubt
that they envy the individual liberty of
the Algerians? Moreover, as Secretary of
State Dulles has suggested, can the Krem-
lin point to single instance in which it
has granted complete national independ-
ence as the French have done in Tu-
niSia Morocco and elsewhere?
Mr.. Kennedy most certainly has over
Simplified things. He has done so eSpe-
cially in the sense that his address to the
Senate has dealt much too inadequately
with the feelings and convictions of
majority of the French people. After all,
emotionally and Intellectually, these are
people who for more than a century
past have regarded Algeria as an integral
part of their nation-a fact which they
have imbedded in their basic constitu-
tional law Further, as Mr.. Dulles has
noted, we must remember that IS million
Europeans live in this territory, that the
AlgerianS themselves are bitterly divided,
that large numbers of them are opposed
to the rebels, and that it is therefore i'm
menSely difficult to find any group among
them that is genuinely qualified to speak
for all or be representative of the mass
In these circumstances, regardless of
what one may think of the deficiencies
of French policy, the situation is OBJ
viouSly much too delicate and complex
to warrant the kind of action that Mr..
Kennedy has advocated. Certainly, as be-
tween his proposal and Mr.. Dulles view
that our country should limit itself to
quiet, the-Scenes efforts to pro-
mote an Algerian settlement, the latter
course seems wiser. The young Senator
from Massachusetts, has made an inter-
eSting and rather eloquent speech, but
not a very convincing one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

who was a prisoner OF the
Nazis. on January 81. 1887,
Adolf Hitler issued decree in
which he called this award an
insult to Germany, He for
bade Germans 10 accept Nobel
prizes. and in their place he
offered national prize in art
and science for Germans only.
@. Is peat found all over the
world?-M. T.
A Peat is seldom found in
the tropics. but it is abundant
in the temperate regions OF
both Northern and Southern
Hemjspheres. There are large
deposits in the United States.
Canada. Germany. Sweden.
Holland. France, Norway. Dem
mark, England. and Scotland.
Ireland has hundreds Of thou
sands Of acres, and Russia is
believed to have some 600
square miles Of II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
The Last Sunset Won't Be q Pretty One

temperature at the surface Of
the earth must go up. There
will be a catastrophe to most
forms of life when the sun
reaches four times its present
radius. At this point the
earth's temperature will be
about 10 centigrade about
158 F.. AS the sun continues
to expand it will brighten and
will drive the temperature first
above the boiling point of water
and then to the melting point
of lead. At the suns great
est brightness the earth's tenn
perature will reach more than
800 c. Life will have ceased,
the oceans will have boiled
away.
The oxygen-carbon equi-
librium in the earth's atmos-
phere, which now is in opera
ton due to plant life will prob
able be destroyed. The water
originally in the oceans will
exist as dense clouds above
the earth's surface. These
clouds will reflect a large por-
ton of the suns rays.
From a high of 800 c the
temperature of the earth will
decrease as the sun declines in
brightness. 1t will eventually
cool until the oceans rain down
over the scorched land. This
will be a brief period followed
by continued cooling until the
oceans freeze. AS the sun be-
comes DINNER and DINNER the
GOODNESS of the earth will be
profound.
Earth's Temperature Rises
THE present age of the sun
is taken to be six billion years.
Through this time the rise in
the temperature of our planet
has been gradual. amounting
to less than 20 c. The rise will
continue in a gradual way for
six billion years more and
then the catastrophe rise be-
gins which dooms civilization
to the final heat death. The
end comes rapidly when the
temperature goes up 500 de-
grees in only 500, 100000 years.
I'VE on this planet are lucky.
The aging of our sun is slow.
We have another six billion
years to live. Many stars more
massive than the sun exist.
Planets circling these stars go
through the same temperature
cycles as ours, but the rate
of aging is more rapid. God
made the sun of such a mass
that we yet have time ahead"
The end would be right now,
DR.. Sandage stresses, had the
mass of the original sun been
10 per cent greater.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

musically speaking, where the
wood thrushes left off.
While anyone with good
ears must miss the wood
thrush song, it is good to have
the robin MARBLE stressed at
last.
Too often bird lovers forget
about the robin as a songster,
in their appreciation of the
music of the hooking bird and
others.
Indeed. it takes all the birds
to give the best effect, but If
the listener has to have it
boiled down. perhaps the robin
is as good as any, and a bit
better than some.
This is because the sounds
he makes are really wood
notes Wild" as the poet said.
Not all our species have this
effect. The little wren. for in
stance, has a bubbling sort of
outpouring that, to some ears,
sounds almost harsh.
Certainly the knocking bird
at times utters pure harshness,
when he is trying to drive
cats out of yard. He fans out
for hundreds of feet on all
sides. and strikes repeatedly
at wandering cats, though they
may never have seen his nest
nor made any motions what
ever toward it.
Lessening of the number Of
species in a given neighbour
hood comes about through a
number of factors, some of
which are unknown. Too in
tensive spraying, for instance.
hundreds of miles away. might
cut down on the bird life here.
At one time. Chevy Chase.
Md, had the greatest bird
population in the United
States. 1t does not have it
now.
More homes may account for
a few less, but the number Of
new houses is comparatively
small. in relation to the num-
Der there Is years ago.
In our own yard. 10 locusts
have come down in the 81
years. In the next yard, eight
locusts.
Our conclusion is. reviewing
the decline in the number OF
species counted today 90, as
against "a them that it is the
lessening in the tree count that
has done 1t. and specifically,
the smaller number of locusts.
1t is a nuisance tree. in
some respects, but 1t must re-
ceive the thanks Of bird lovers
for Turing the wildings TO sub
urban yards.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Diplomatic Protest

I feel it essential to draw
your attention to the fact that
Mr.. Earl H. Voss. a CORE
spondent of your paper. has
used his brief conversation
with me at one of the diplo-
matte receptions to ascribe to
me several statements which
I did not make.
Specifically he makes it APP
pear that I agreed with his
assertions that should the pro-
hibition of atomic weapons be
achieved the Soviet Union
would be superior to the
Western powers in its mill
tary might, and also that the
Soviet position on the ques-
ton of the States adopting an
obligation not to use nuclear
weapons would illustrate" the
negotiations on disarmament.
Besides, Mr.. Voss has also
distorted my words concerning
the well-known Soviet position
on the question of cessation of
nuclear weapons tests.
GeOrgi N. ZarOubin,
Ambassador. Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics.
Editors note: The Star
is confident that Mr.. Voss
reported his conversation
with Mr.. Zaroubin substan-
TALLY as it occurred. 1t is
interesting to note that the
Ambassador does not disavow
the central point of the
story, which was his state
ment that Russia will not
enter an agreement to Sus-
pend atomic tests unless
agreement also is reached
to ban the use of atomic
WPan0nSl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES (. TRACEWELL

What trees do birds like
best?
Any book which deals with
the subject of bird feeding at
home will give you a list of
them.
One of them is variouSly
known as wild cherry, bird
cherry. sometimes Russian
cherry.
We have our own private
suspicion that the locust trees
are among the very top favor
ties.
Any old sort of locust at all
will do. provided there are a
number of them. and there
usually are.
In our own neighborhood,
we do not have one-eighth the
number of species we had 81
years ago.
The only real difference is
the comparative lack of To-
Gusts.
Whatever the drawbacks Of
this tree, as far as the home
owner is concerned. there is
none as far as the various
birds are concerned.
All the species, especially
the white breasted nuthatch
and the wood thrush, love the
locusts.
1t cannot be the white flow
ers, for these do not come
every season.
1t must be the bark, and the
shape of the leaves, nice for
nesting.
In our block, some "a species
of birds were to be counted a
quarter of a century ago.
The morning chorus of the
Songsters was deafening.
In fact. some city folk who
moved out resented the sounds
very much. They could see
nothing musical about it
Others. more in tune with
nature. found the chorus a
most satisfactory music.
Today, though we have some
bird chorus, it is not one
tenth as loud as it was. and
utterly lacks the diversiflcation
A quarter Of a century ago.
and maybe Is years ago, the
sounds came from probably
so different species, just
waking up in the trees
mostly locusts). the shrubs
and evergreens. We must not
forget the common sparrows
nesting in the ivy on walls.
Today, the morning chorus
consists mostly of-guess who?
The robins!
Their sweet MARBLE is the
first to sound and the last.
Robins have taken over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

The sun is doomed by the
accommodating ashes of its fires.
1t now has reached about
half the normal lifetime of its
kind of Star-about six billion
years from its beginning.
This. is the conclusion Of
DR.. Allan Sandage, astronomer
of the Carnegie Institution.
Long before the suns demise,
however. the earth probably
will have passed through the
stage Of a fiery furnace in
which anything resembling
life will be impossible. 1t now
is generally recognized, DR..
Sandage says, that the heat Of
a star is due to a complex
physical-chemical process by
which hydrogen is transmitted
into helium. The star must
compensate for the change in
its internal chemical compost
ton by increasing in radius
and luminosity. 1t must bright
en- and expand to remain
stable.
The change, however. takes
place quite gradually until IL
per cent of the original hydro
gen supply has been trans
formed into helium. Up to
now the sun has converted
only six per cent.
According to theory, DR..
Sandage says, when IL per
cent of the fuel has been ex-
hausted the star no longer can
compensate for its increased
helium content by small
changes but must increase
drastically in radius. At this
point it is near the end of its
life because it swiftly increases
in luminosity. consumes its
remaining hydrogen at a ire
mendous rate, and finally
sinks into obscurity and death
as its fuel is depleted.
Lived Half Its Life
THE sum-" says DR.. San
dage, has lived about half its
total life span. In another six
billion years it will have
reached the IL per cent limit
and then will begin to expand
rapidly. At its maximum size
the aging sun will appear in
the sky as a dull red globe Is
degrees in diameter, instead
of the present half of one de-
gree. In this stage it will be
burning fuel at a tremendous
rate and soon will exhaust its
hydrogen supply. Now begins
the slow decline of brightness,
Finally the sun must die and
most likely will become a
white dwarf.
During this interval the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

Automobiles will iniure 90
500 over this July 4th week end
II there is the predicted about
500 killed" There are an
average Of SO injured to /
killed.
And the two chief causes
are speed and drink.
Delcevare King.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Ross O'DonOghue.
Dr.. Steincrohn

Please. may we go on record
as voicing approval OF Or.
Peter Steincrohn's column? 1t
is enjoyable. constructive and
often amusing and on subjects
very welcome to the average
reader. We are for him and
hope he will continue to write
though we do think he
slipped a bit in advocating a
nip" for those over 40. Who
knows what the after-effect
would be to one who has never
before taken q drink?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Let 1t Grow q Little!
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

@. What is studied in the
science of pathology?-P. s.
A. Pathology is the science
which treats Of all departures
from the usual or normal con-
dition of plant or animal. II
has many subdivisions. them
selves so important and by now
so Systematically studied that
they almost constitute inde-
pendent sciences. In its broad
est sense. human pathology
takes in almost the entire SCI
ence Of medicine. and treats OF
diseases. their essential nature,
causes and development. and
the structural and functional
changes produced by them.
@. Why did Hitler forbid
Germans to accept Nobel
prizes?-W. T.
A. The 1885 peace prize was
awarded Gin 1886 to Carl Won
ossietzky, q German pacifist,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Matter of Fact

In an obituary Of Richard
L. Wallach III. appearing in
The Star. June IS. 1857. you
state that he was the grand
nephew Of Richard L. Wallach,
the first Mayor of Washing
ton. In fact, Richard L. Wal
ZACH was the 18th Mayor of
Washington. The first Mayor
was Robert Brent. who was
appointed by President Jeffer-
son in 1902 and served until
1912.
Ross O'DOnOghue.
Editors Note: Mr.. O'Dono-
ghue is correct. The Star
regrets the error.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
BY THE HASKIN SERX

BY THE HASKIN SERVICE
to
Information
9 Please lnclosc conia .1r
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Holiday SIouqhter

Anne wilkins
The Nome nugget., 1957-09-11
Dulles Sees Red Challenge to US. Mid-East Policy

WASHINGTON, R-Secretary of State Dulles said yesterday he believes the Syrian situation will be worked out peacefully altho there are elements which could lead to serious trouble.
 He told a news conference the United States does not believe in peace at any price and under cer- tain circumstances would act, but he did not define the circum- stances or indicate the possibili- ties of action.
 Dulles said the Soviet Union is trying to realize Russia's tradi- tional policy-going far back into czarist days-of gaining control of the Middle East.
 Moscow appears to be trying to challenge the policies of the Unit ed States in standing up for the independence of Middle Eastern countries, Dulles added.
 He ruled out any kind of con sultation with Russia aimed at developing a general hands-off agreement toward the highly strategic area.
 The United States, Dulles com mented, is highly skeptical of ar engagements with the Soviets for hands-off policies because they are liable to lead to Western "hands off, and Russian hands under the table"
The Nome nugget., 1957-09-11
Scientists Find Suspected Source
 Of Destructive Pacific Seawayes

WASHINGTON, RAU.S. Gov-' ernment scientists say they may have found the source of the seis- mic seawaves which periodically .arce southward thru the Pacific and smash into the Hawaiian Is- lands and Japan.
 It is a huge crack in the ocean floor of the Gulf of Alaska, 250 to 400 miles long, 500 to 700 feet deep, and 2 to miles wide.
 Rear Adm. H. Arnold Karo, director of the Coast and Geodet- ic Survey, said Monday survey ships found the crack with cleo tronic echo-sounders which, in effect, show a profile of the ocean floor.
 The crack may be responsible for underwater earthquakes just as the San Andreas fault is re- sponsible for the damaging earth quakes in California.
 When the earth slips along the San Andreas Fault line, earth quake waves cause the ground to roll and tremble. When the same thing happens undersea, pressure waves hurtle thru the ocean at 5OO-6OO miles an hour.
 The pressure Waveslare not vis- ible from the surface. They could race right past a ship, for instance, and never be noticed.
 However, when they near a land area jutting out of the ocean theys tend to 'pile up' and cause what are commonly, but mistak- enly, known as tidal waves.
 When an earthquake occurs deep under the ocean floor the earth movement along the fault line is of minor importance, but the tremendous sea wave it gen crates may cause untold destruc- ton as far away as California, Hawaii or Japan.
 The waters of the Alaska Gulf above the trough vary in depth from 5000 to 13,OOO feet.
The Nome nugget., 1957-09-11
US. Ambassador Makes Diplomatic History
 Landing on Swiss Alp

SION, Switzerland, R-U. S. Ambassador Henry J. Taylor to- day made diplomatic history by making a glacier landing near the Matterhorn.
 Taylor flew with Switzerland's famed rescue pilot Herman Gel ger to the 11,000-foot Theodul Glacier. He was the only passen- ger. The flight was to demon strate Geiger's glacier landing technique in his Piper Cub plane, which was specially equipped.
 Taylor, former war cores pondent and news commentator from Charlottesville, Va, spent half an hour on the glacier tied to 'Geiger by a climbers rope. He peered down a 2OO-foot-deep, ice packed crevice.
The Nome nugget., 1957-09-11
WEATHER FORECAST

Compiled by The
 US Dept of Commerce Weather Bureau
 Partly cloudy tonight and to- morrow with increasing cloudi- ness Thursday afternoon. Winds easterly, IS to 20 mph. The low temperature expected tonight AS to 50 and the high tomorrow 55.
 Nome date last 24 hours as of ' am. today: highest temperature 52, lowest A. Max. wind 9 mph from the SEE. Sunrise at 5:13 a.m., sunset at 6:42 pm.
 A year ago today: highest tenn perature 53, lowest 45. Extremes this date since 1907: highest 63 in 1929, lowest 25 in 1914.
The Nome nugget., 1957-09-11
Appropriate Gifts At POStman'S Retirement

DETROIT, RlThis time the honored guest turned the tables he pulled out gifts for his fellow workers who came to his retire ment party.
 Courtley Lightfoot, a 55-year- old mail, carrier with 35 years of service in suburban Garden City, gave his colleagues shoeshine kits and dog candy.
 They gave him lounge chair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-06
Continued From Page 10

cure In this instance will be prevention.
First noted In April in Hong Kong, the flu virus began
showing up almost simultaneously in Japan, Singapore,
the Philippines India, Korea and other parts OF Asia
Army medical officers put the virus under the
microscope and detected different kind from any
that had been previously known. Though related 70
virus. known Type A. 1t is different enough TO
nvadate all the standard flu vaccnes and make neces-
sary the production Of new one.
Working under a crash program to develop vaccine
before the epidemic danger period the drug companies
supplied their first delivery in August and are continuing
the long, complicated process Of completing the huge
order At everish the labs are planting live vuses
in fertile chicken eggswhich must be in healthy cond-
ton and exactly II days old-cutivating them Tor
specified period and then harvesting the CROP After i've
viruses In the germ culture killed, the cultures are
into one-cubc centmeter doses for nocu-
lation.
Should the influenza strike in epidemic proportions
might hundreds Of thousands Of persons TO take
to their beds in any metropolitan area symptoms incuoe
the throat backaches and headaches coughing
up 104 degrees The attack lasts from three
five days. and the sufferer expect to feel weak Ior
about week afterward If it's any consolation an ASIA
flu victim usually immune after recovering the pooy
having up antibodes to combat the next possible
attack
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25
Curdsvlle

The snow, cold weather and below
zero temperatures seem to be the
most talked about things in the com
munity Some have had trouble with
frozen pipes, but with those excep-
tons, all have been getting along
fine.
Wesley Earl Dunkum is home
after having served two years with
the L S. Army He was stationed
at Fort Benning, Ga. most of the
time
D. NJ. Boiling. who is still i'll, saw
Mt and Mrs. Ben Ballowe. Mr.. and
MIS-. Dallas Rainey. Mrs. Frances
Johnson, Mrs. Mabel Cox. Ben Bal
lowe, Sweden and Jack Allen. Mrs.
Mildred Wingo. Mr. and Mrs. Her
man DoWdy, MI and Mrs. Reuben
Jameson, Mrs. M NJ Julian, Mrs.
Bessie Finch, Mrs. Elizabeth Harris
DWlkum, Miss Pauline Harris and
Mrs Mayfield Ownsby Sunday
Mrs. Sweden Allen, who under
went an operation at a Richmond
hospital last week. is recovering and
is now with her daughter in Rich
mond
Bucl. Marks visited Mr. and Mrs.
jim Ayers recently.
Mr. and Mrs. John Harris and
jerry Ownsby visited the Alfred
Harrises last week.
Mr. and Mrs. Billy Ayers. Of Rich
mond, spent the week end with their
parents.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Allen and son
and Phillip Allen visited their
mother in a Richmond hospital Fri
day evening.
Jim Ayers called on Mr. and Mrs.
VIII Elan recently.
Mr.. and Mrs C. R. Wise have re-
ceiyed news of the birth of q girl
to Mr. and Mrs. Joe Grigg, Of Balti-
more. January 20.
Tommie Thomas is much better.
but on account Of in cl e m II
weather, has not been able to get
out yet Visiting him last week were
Mr. and Mrs Jimmie Thomas, Mrs.
Mamie Sue Thomas. Mr. and Mrs.
Gordon Thomas. Mr. and Mrs. FL
den Dunkum and son, Mrs. John
Deane, Ernest Deane, Mr.. and Mrs.
Acie Allen and son, and Mr., and
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25


Asisses Louise ana Rita Morgan,
III IL 81. uT,,1,a,,,r ,,,a,,t ~
i. 4 .,.,tt NIL = 3 9taroan
gF a ~, III W p.r.,d tIa,.,.e,t 49,,
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49, KIN Tr,,.r.. Jae5 ,raal,
a5 49, NJ hnaa,eoa
7.,.,,,io 593a,re, ooa NJ and Mr.
J. r. Anderson attended The basket
bal' game between University of
Richmond and VPI in Richmond
SATURDAY.
A., un+ Anaouno,, o,d
c,,s,,loe anderson yisited H. and
NIL prlaff Abarnathv IT Alberta
cnnglav afternoon