davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
HELPING Poland

Once again, the Eisenhower admin
istration is getting an important assist
from Democratic Senators in a ticklish
policy move
The administration is thinking in
terms Of SIS million deal with Poland,
under which the Poles would receive loans
for the purchase Of surplus farm COM
modities and machinery Conspicuous
among the opponents are Minority Leader
Knowland and Senator Styles Bridges,
chairman Of the Senate G. o.. P. Policy
Committee. They say that such a deal
would indirectly aid Russia by easing
demands for help which the Poles other
wise would make on the Kremlin.
This probably is true. But the risks
OF indirectly helping the Russians have
to be balanced against the advantages
OF direct help to the Poles, assuming they
want to go through with the deal. On
this score, 1t seems to us that the best
interests of the United States will be
served by reasonable attempt to lessen
rather than to increase Polish depend
ence on Moscow, and 1t is gratifying
to see such prominent Democrats as
Senator's Russell, Mansfield and Spark
man coming TO the support of the
administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Inside Information

DOCTORS and engineers have devel-
oped tiny radio transmitter that can
be swallowed, so that patients with ulcers
or other stomach ailments can broad
cast inside information" to physicians
equipped to listen. The radio pill" is
designed to broadcast sort Of travelogue
OF its findings as 1t moves through the
digestive tract. The messages will have
to do with gas pressures, muscular con-
fractions and other manifestations that
would help the doctor to diagnose internal
Ills. The invention is a Joint project of
the Veterans Administration, the Radio
Corporation Of America and the Rookie
Teller Institute.
What won't they think OF next? The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
HoIdinq an Airbose

There will be value received for value
given in the renewal of the United States
Saudi Arabian air base agreement. Lo-
Gated approximately halfway down the
Persian Gulf coast, the Dhahran airfield
was constructed in 1945 by the United
States Army Engineers-the initial pur-
pose being to establish transit facilities
for the airlift of men and material from
the European to the Far Eastern theater
OF World War II. Although this need
was eliminated long before the field was
completed, location of the facility prom
ised both military and commercial advan-
tageS IN the immediate postwar period.
Both have increased In Importance in
the years since, with Dhahran being the
biggest and best equipped airfield in the
long haul between Cairo and Karachi.
AS military installation 1t is the only
major American airbase east of Tripoli,
strategically located to contribute to the
air defense of the great oil-producing
area Of the Middle East. Significantly,
1t is also within striking range Of the
most important Russian oil-producing
region, around Baku.
For Saudi Arabia, the renewal agree
ment will have three categories of return.
One is the military assistance, mostly
in the form of continued training for
its small army and air force and in
the beginning of coastal navy A second
will be further improvement of the civil
aviation facilities at Dhahran. The third
will be expansion, subject to additional
discussion. of American engineering and
technical assistance on development
projects.
Saudi Arabia has Steadfastly refused
to establish diplomatic relations with
Communist Russia. During King Saud's
visit here last winter, the mutually pro-
tective purposes of the Eisenhower doc
trine were explained and discussed in
full-and have received his Endorsement.
Special Ambassador Richards Is in Saudi
Arabia this week for further converse
lions on application of that doctrine to
the desert kingdom. For political, eco
nomic and military reasons, continuance
OF our friendly relations with Saudi Arabia
has genuine worth to both countries. It
is gratifying, therefore, that the airbase
agreement has been renewed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Now It's q Tunnel

The new House subcommittee ap-
proval Of four-lane Potomac River tun-
mel at Constitution avenue appears to re-
solve only one problem: A HouSe-Senate
argument over whether there should be
draw span in the Constitution avenue
bridge Congress already has authorized.
The subcommittee solution is ridicu-
lousy simple. Don't solve the draw span
ISSUE Eliminate the bridge.
Unfortunately, however, even this
Issue can't be ducked. For, along with
a river crossing at Constitution avenue,
Washington desperately needs replace
ment for the time-worn Fourteenth
street bridge that carries one-way traf-
f1c to Virginia The House this week
passed bill authorizing the replacement
bridge-with draw span. Presumably,
antidraw-span forces in the Senate will
object. How Is this deadlock to be
broken? BY a tunnel at Fourteenth
street? If not, someone obviously must
yield. And the solution at Fourteenth
street could serve equally we'll at Con-
stitution avenue.
Aside from the draw span, the new
tunnel bill losses real poser at the
economy minded House. Here is a prof.
ect Congress twice has rejected, In 1854
and 1856, in favor of a six-lane bridge.
A tunnel would cost far more than a
bridge, carry far less traffic and be A.
nanced entirely by the Federal Govern
ment. It's virtue is almost entirely
eSthetic-a tunnel would not be visible
above the Potomac in the monumental
Lincoln Memorial area. But If Congress
decides this factor is so important that
1t wants to buy the tunnel-without cost
to the District-we hardly see how the
city can object.
We do suggest that the Senate Dis
trict Committee. which opens hearings
on the subject tomorrow, take closer
look at the traffic figures They make
the four additional lanes tunnel would
provide look pitiably small. There Is
little sense, also, in the House Subcom-
mittee proposal that the tunnel con-
struction be handled by the Interior
Departments park officials. Tunnel build
ing is not their business, and the park
officials frankly have shown no dispose
ton to provide for the traffic needs GER
tain to develop in the Constitution ave-
nue. area.
The most serious threat, however, is
that the added confusion may serve those
who would prefer to see no new traffic
crossing near Constitution avenue. If
their view prevails, the motorist who
has suffered through Ave years of foolish
bridge-tunnel pickering on and of Cap
itol Hill, will continue to suffer. Traffic
congestion will grow worse and worse.
And the cost of building bridges-and
tunnelS-will climb higher and higher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Bad Deal for Fairfax

Fairfax County again has been short.
changed on road funds. It Is an old
story, but 1t ought to be given a happy
ending-in the interest of fairness to
the rapidly developing county. The next
General Assembly should see that the
States secondary highway funds are al
located on a more equitable basis than
is the case at present.
Under the old formula adopted In
1882. Fairfax and the other counties
which rely on the State for secondary
road work are granted funds on a basis
OF population, road mileage and vehicle
miles of travel The hitch is that 1850
census figures are used-although Fairfax
has grown by leaps and bounds since
then. A fairer method Of distribution
would give major emphasis to trafic
volume-which, after all, is the best in
dicator Of need.
The extent to which Fairfax will be
shortchanged during the fiscal year be-
ginning on July / Is evident from the
disclosure that although the county's
roads carry more than per cent Of the
States secondary road traffic, the $751;
l32 fund allotment for the new year will
be only per cent Of the State total.
Arlington, too, is being victimized by
the outmoded road formula. We hope
the next Legislature, in considering rec
concentrations by legislative advisory
committee for one-cent increase in the
gasoline tax, will make certain that all
road funds hereafter are apportioned
according to actual trafiic requirements.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Lobor's SeIf-PoIicino

The United Automobile Workers I'm
ion has turned to a novel device for
insuring itself against corruption and
racketeering within its own membership.
BY constitutional amendment, voted by
an estimated 81 per cent of its convention
delegates, the union has established a
public review board Of seven members
TO police its own ethical behavior The
members are prominent churchmen, jur-
lists and educators under craftsmanship
Of Monsignor George G. Higgins, director
OF the National Catholic Welfare Confer
ence. Its primary function will be to
inquire into any alleged or suspected
violations by union members, including
ofncerS, OF the recently adopted ethical
code OF the AFL-CIO. It is empowered
to hold hearings and to consider appeals
by union members against decisions of
the international Executive Board. It
is specified that its rulings will be bind
ing and final.
The plan was adopted at suggestion
OF Walter Reuther, JAW president and
one OF the sponsors of the Federation
code. Mr.. Reuther has been one of the
most persistent of union officials In his
contention that labor leadership must
keep itself scrupulously clear of corrupt
practices. In this regard he has been
highly critical Of conduct Of Teamster
Union officials as disclosed recently by
the Mcclellan committee, The fact re-
mains, however, that it has taken these
disclosureS-or the knowledge that they
were lmminent-to prompt the AFL-CIO,
and the affiliated JAW, to these measures
OF self-policing Certain spokesman Of
labor have complained loudly that the
Senate investigation is designed to smear
the labor movement. There is growing
evidence that the net result will be for
the good Of labor. and the rank and file,
at least, should be grateful for the chain
Of events that seems to have been set
In motion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10

Corruption and racketeering
in the Transfers Union. or in
any other labor union, cannot
be cleaned UP by mere con-
gressional investigation Con-
gress' probing into the cor
rupt and racketeering activities
of the labor lords will not prove
beneficial to union member
ship; nor will exposing. failing
or causing one. ora dozen for
that matter. top labor czars
to be kicked out Of labor unions
benefit the rank and file.
Congress can only help union
membership by legislation re-
storing the right of man to
work without having to join
some labor organization; in
short, destroy their main
weapon by outlawing the union
shop.
Nish Showers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10

right. If it exists. is usually
specified in the pension plan
itself. 1t may also be provided.
indirectly. by an arrangement
for early retirement which
specifies the amount Of PEN
sion to which an employee has
a right at each of certain ages
and after a certain number Of
years with the company.
@. What is the best way to
try to see faint naked-eye stars
without using a telescope?---
GU.
A. Astronomers suggest using
averted vision, by looking at a
point in the sky somewhat re-
moved from where the star n
self should be. The reason for
this is that the central portion
Of the eyes retina is much less
sensitive to light than are its
outer parts. While observing,
avoid looking at artificial
lights, and have a red filter on
any light used while consult
ing charts or maps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Charity Rockets

I want to express my graft
tude for the excellent coverage
Of the charity racket problem
presented by Miss Miriam OF
tenberg, and to the follow
through your newspaper is do
ing on the progress of the
charity racket legislation.
Our Citizens Committee has
worked since March, 1858. in
drafting and obtaining accept
ance and approval of this leg
islation. We know our COM
munity needs it. and we trust
1t will become law during this
session Of Congress.
In the four years our COM
mittee has been functiC ling.
the story by Miss Gutenberg
has done more to arouse public
interest and concern than any
action thus far. When we
recognize that the charity
racket problem can be licked
only through an aroused pub
lie, the service performed by
your clear. mentally stimulat-
ing article in your Sunday edi-
ton takes on great proper
tions.
Thanks again for your con-
tinued support.
David F. Linowes,
Chairman. Citizens Commit
tee for Regulating Chari-
table Solicitations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
!. WSTAS IN, SCIENCE
= BY THOMAS r. HENRY
Interpreting Dance Lonquoqe Of Bees

what had been found. One,
for example, might be covered
with red brick dust. another
with SCOT from a chimney.
As many as 20 sites may be
reported.
All are indicated by diff
ferent kinds of dances. Some
times as much as two days are
required for the swarm to
make up its mind on the basis
of these reports. Sometimes
they find it impossible to agree.
This has happened twice in
the 10 swarmings DR.. Lin
.dauer has observed closely.
In both cases. he says. there
was a battle in the air be-
tween rival factions. In a
few hours there apparently
was an armistice. Both fac
tons few back to the old
headquarters where, possibly
with the new queen acting as
an arbiter. some sort Of agree
ment was reached. In the
other case the debate went on
for two weeks. No decision
was reached. The swarm set
tied down where it was under
a bush and started to build
combs. All persisted with the
oncoming winter.
The scouts evidently do not
try to exaggerate in their re.
ports to the swarm, DR.. Lin.
dauer says. They tell precisely
what they have found.
Scouts Report Back
"A mile from here" says one
scout in his dance language,
there is a hole in the wall
that is better than nothing"
He dances languidly and only
LOT lew minutes.
Another reports finding a
fine bee tree a little further
away. He dances excitedly for
an hour. The swarm naturally
selects the nesting place con-
corning which there are the
most enthusiastic reports.
1t is only when two re-
ports are equally favorable that
a fight starts.
Apparently, DR.. Lindauer
says, the scouts take many
factors into consideration. One
Of the most important require.
ments for the bees is protec-
ton from winds. But winds
change direction and the
scouts evidently take this into
consideration in their detailed
reports. Sometimes, he believes,
they are sent back for further
inspection and sometimes a Sc
lected site is spurned after the
swarm takes a look at it.
Ordinarily, DR.. Lindauer
says. Of two sites which appear
equally favorable from the
scout reports the one farthest
away is chosen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10

Q. What American hotel or
restaurant was first to print
a bill of fare for diners?-A. M.
A. In 1884. Lorenzo Delmon-
leo, the young Swiss immigrant
whose New York restaurant
finally became world-famous.
was the first American res
taurateur to furnish his Gus
toners with a printed bill of
fare. Delmonlco's Restaurant
at 494 Pearl street offered a
menu Of q items, ranging
from tea or coffee at cent
per cup up to ham and eggs.
hamburger steak or roast
chicken at 10 cents. The reg
ular dinner" was offered at IL
cents.
@. What is meant by vested
right" In a company pension
plan?--J. G.
A. II an employe can leave
the service Of his employer
without FORGETTING his accrued
pension. he is said to have a
vested" right to II. This
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10

gray squirrel a friend man.
ages to grow red in the face
at the first sight of one.
We heard a nice looking
lady the other day detailing at
great length the miseries OF
trying to live in the suburbs.
mo sidewalks" she said.
succinctly.
But that was just the start
Of her wailing.
Mostly it was squirrels she
didn't like.
They came down her chin.
ney, they went up her porch,
ate all the buds on her shrubs,
and dug up her tulips.
These pesky squirrels. she
said, were actually running her
life. and making suburban liv-
ing a trial and a tribulation,
which is bad enough, she went
on. what with no sidewalks,
dogs digging UP her lawn, and
cats digging up her flowers.
Poor woman. she was letting
her mind influence her!
The honest observer, on the
other hand. gets fun out Of all
these things.
He sees something nice about
no sidewalks, although at times
he might wish his block had
them.
He loves the squirrels. for
their acrobatics. their Joy Of
life. their bright eyes and their
wavy tails.
Somehow, the squirrels never
get into his attic, although at
times they do eat his tulip
bulbs. and the buds of his
camellias. which is worse.
Dogs do not offend him-he
calls them and feeds them.
Cats he loves. because they
are even more fun to watch
than squirrels.
All in all, he manages to en-
Joy the life around him, be-
cause he has no set opinions
in advance.
He takes life as it comes,
and tries to find it good with
out sandbagging it with too
many preconceptions, most of
them wrong.
Honest observing makes one
willing to accept a peck in the
back from a mockingbird at
nesting time as part of the
game.
Correct observation means
overlooking at nature at its
best.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Queen Lilac

In regal lavender and lace
She moueS across the floral
scene,
Her chances streDn, NTH
queeniy grace,
Upon the shrubs OF humber
mien.
She wdues her fan OF JriHy
piumes.
As she pdrades around the
block,
At pampered rose and common
blooms
OF hardy. independent stock:
Her fragrance only she
reSerDeS
For beings Nth oltdctorv
nerpeS.
Edith Powell Workman
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10

The strange dance Lam
guage" Of bees Is capable Of
conveying quite complicated
descriptions, correct interpre-
tation Of which is essential for
survival of thousands.
Ties has just been reported
in the British journal. Nature,
by Prof. M. Lindauer of the
University Of Munich where
the most intensive studies Of
the recently discovered bee
language are being carried out.
The communications sys-
tenn reaches its highest. he
says, in the selection of a site
for a hive which has quite
special requirements. It must
be protected against all kinds
Of weather. It must be well sit
uated as a headquarters for
foraging. It will serve as a
rendezvous for courtship and
as a nursery for the young. 1t
will be a meeting place where
thousands will gather every
night after roaming all day.
Within 1t from $4,000 to 3d.
600 individuals must be inte-
grated into community life.
Colony Splits Up
Obviously "just any old
place" will not serve. Selection
Of just the right place is prob
ably the most important event
in the life Of the community.
At irregular intervals when
population pressure becomes
too great a colony of wild
honey bees splits in two. Half
the insects remain in the old
home with a new queen. The
other half moves out with the
old queen and must find an
other. They settle down in a
cluster near the hive they have
abandoned. Immediately, DR..
Lindauer reports. scouts are
dispatched in every direction
to find suitable quarters.
1t often happens that sew
eral Of these scouts return at
the same time. They proceed
to describe" to their fellow
swarm members what posi-
bilities they have discovered.
These vary in attractiveness.
One may be a fine hollow tree.
one may be only an almost
unprotected hole in the ground
or in the corner Of a brick
wall dangerously near some
human habitation.
There must be a description
OF each Of these in order for
the swarm to decide. Also,
apparently. the scouts give a
fair idea of the distance which
must be flown and the sort of
vegetation. for nectar-gather-
ing purposes, in the neighbour
hood. BY observing the scouts
the German scientist himself
was able in some cases to tell
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
Foreign Aid

Constantine Browns lip
smacking review of Eugene
Castles book The Great Give
away" treats only one aspect
Of foreign aid.
Although it is admitted that
the military implications aris-
ing out Of World War II had
much to do with the extens-
iveness Of this "give-away," the
onus of its origin is placed upon
(guess whop Roosevelt and
the New Deal! Conveniently
ignored is the fact that the
immediate cause of World War
II was a pre-Roosevelt nur-
tured Hitler. and also that. in
large measure. the causes of
the present world unrest ex-
tend far back through the CO.
lonial standpatism and exploit
tive policies Of our present al
lies.
Certainly. tax-paying is on
erous in its most favorable as
poets, but even Mr.. Castle will
admit. presumably, that the
privilege Of a continuing mem
bership in an exclusive club
carries with it the obligation
Of cheerfully paying dues COM
mensurate with the benefits of
the membership. And when
such dues are in arrears. men,
bers should Just as cheerfully
pay them or resign their men,
berShip.
Either the world is in fact
faced with the danger of Com
munist totalitarianism or such
danger is only imaginary. II
there is actual danger of Com
munist totalitarianism flood
ing the world. and with 1t our
own free institutions, there
seems to be no other recourse
than to match the Communist
efforts all the way down the
line.
OF course there are other al
ternatives to an indefinite con-
tinuation Of that policy. Three
Of them: First. plug the largest
Of Mr.. Castles rat holes by
first abandoning NATO and
then the smaller rat holes by
stopping all foreign aid. Sec
ond, a war which will end all
wars for long time to come
and with 1t all civilization.
Third, universal and total dis
armament.
C. w. Van TiIburg.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-10
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Here is a real tribute to a
real bird; we like particularly
the reference to the way 1t
looks at you. more like an
animal than a bird"
This is good observance, and
means that the writer Of the
following letter is a better
than-average observer. lro
M. G. K. Of Euclid street
writes:
The letter in your column
recently about mockingbirds
interested me very much.
For several years ] have
been feeding Knockers on the
grounds of the Government
building where I am employed.
Il love them. When they are
spoken to, they look at one
with an inquiring expression.
more like an animal than a
bird.
"They nest in shrubs on the
grounds. and after the young
are Matched are more than
ever eager for the raisins
which I give them.
Several times last spring,
the parents met me q half
block away from my Office, and
escorted me to the feeding
place, flying around my head.
"One morning they kept be-
hind me most Of the way. &C.
casionally flying down to give
a light tap on my back.
Knockers are unusual birds
and to me are an endless
source of pleasure.
Thank you for your de-
lightful column. I love animals.
particularly cats and birds
and especially enjoy reading
about them in This and That"
4 4
This good letter points up.
we feel, the pleasure to be de-
rived from a correct observa-
ton Of nature.
Everybody looks. but not
everyone sees rightly.
To see right means to see
correctly, that is, to not let the
thinking mind influence you
any.
Most people, even ardent
nature lovers, as they like to
call themselves. manage some
how to get their minds in it
to the extent Of directing their
eyes to see things that are not
there.
Thus somebody who ordin-
arily would see in the ordinary