davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

as inadequate to protect the beauty
OF our countryside.
Not only aesthetics are involved
in the desire to limit highway ad-
vertising: the factor of traffic
safety cannot be ignored. The
purpose of billboard is to attract
the motorists attention Such di-
version constitutes a highway
hazard. Union Oil Co. recently
announced that it was cam
ceiling all billboard advertising.
declaring that it was influenced
not only by growing public aver
sion to such blots on the land
scape but also by 1.-The traffic
hazard which a great many ex-
pertS have indicated billboards
tend to increase"
Spokesman for the billboard in
dustty declare that billboards pro-
vide a public service by preventing
highway hypnosis" and thus re-
duce accidents. that if the bill
boards were not there the driver
might fall asleep at the wheel
because all he could then look
at would be the spectacle of sky
and mountain or lake or field or
forest. Have We become so de-
pendent upon artificial stimuli, so
addicted to the drugs of the adj
vertising industry. that we must
be saved by its billboards from
falling to sleep over the view of
our country as bountiful nature
gave it to us?
While States have often been
slow to recognize the necessity Of
protecting highway vistas from
exploitation by advertising sign
boards. the territories of Alaska
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

posal that Congress be limited to
% per cent, but empowered to 90
as high as IS per cent for reason
able cause" in peacetime. The whole
deal would be off in the event of a
war. Federal taxes now run up to
81 per cent on individual income,
So per cent on corporate earnings.
n per cent on estates and 5734
per cent on gifts.
The amendment supporters in
sist that they have conformed liter
ally with Article v. which says that
THE Congress . on the appli-
cation OF the legislatures OF two
thirds of the several States, shall
call convention for proposing
amendments, which i. shall be
valid TO all intents and purposes
as part OF this Constitution. when
ratified by the legislatures of the
several States. or by conventions
in three-fourths thereof"
All that the States approving the
proposition have done, they main
tain, is to ask Congress to call
convention TO % repeal the 10th
tincome tax amendment Of 1918.
% empower Congress to collect
taxes on individual and corporate
incomes, provided the amount OF
taxation does not exceed reason
able limits" TO be decided upon, 90
limit income, gift and inheritance
taxes to that ceiling. and "a permit
lifting OF the ceiling in wartime by
three-fourths vote in Congress.
The details, they contend, have
been left open.
Anathema TO public administra-
ton experts and labor unions, the
latter branding IL the rich mans
amendment, the proposal now is
causing open concern among It's
Toes, II for no other reason than
It's surprising vitality in surviving
one proclamation after another that
this or that had finally KILLED" II.
Is II a tax revolt" OF sorts? Mr..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
REVIEW OF THE WEEK

state, faces a new major crisis this
week
King Hussein. leading the con-
servative element in the little desert
nation. has decreed a cabinet re-
shuttle and the elimination of at
least three pro-Communist minis
tiers. Street mobs. we'll armed and
under the effective control of the
left wing. began wild demonstra-
tons last Wednesday when the
Jordanian-B British mutual defense
pact expired.
The army, formerly the British
trained Arab Legion, holds the key
to the situation. It's present lead
ership is held to be in the hands of
officers backed by Egypts Col.
NaSSer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

six at Prince Edward. In addition
the camps serve large crowds of
daily visitors during the summer
months. Attendance at all parks in
the system last year was over one
million. The last year that Sea-
shore was open. it served nearly
a quarter of a million vacationers.
1t was one of the States largest
parks. with Is cabins overlooking the
scenic beach at Cape Henry, where
the Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic
Ocean meet.
Application forms for use of ia
cilities at the eight operating parks
still require the applicant to desig-
nate race.
Application Could Roise Issue
The bulk Of applications for park
facilities this year came in between
February rs and March l. So far
the parks Office has received no APP
plication from Negroes to attend
any Of the seven white parks. If
one does come. the State knows it
is useless to go to court since the
Seashore decision pretty we'll set
ties the issue that public parks can
not be segregated.
That is when it is likely the State
will bow out of the park business
altogether. Such a move already
has been advocated by top State
leaders. including Attorney General
j. Lindsay Almond. il.
Perhaps the threat Of such a
move has put the brakes on at
tempts by the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People to push for Indignation in
the remaining parks. And perhaps
Gov. Stanley was thinking about
that when he submitted his no-in-
tegration school program last year
with the statement that no schools
would close unless they were forced
to by NAACP action.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
LINKED TO PROXY FIGHTS
Foreign Funds Interest Congress

into this country through foreign
banks of neutral countries. :, :"
The Senator cited evidence that
foreign funds. which are absolutely
unidentified or unregistered. have
been increasingly used to buy in
terests in and control of vital
United States industrial concerns"
directly affecting defense.
Proxy Fights Involved
The unusual senatorial attention
is prompted in part at least by the
fact that several recent American
proxy contests for control of we'll
known firms have involved trans
actions through Swiss banks. When
the Securities and Exchange Com
mission tried to trace some of these
transactions, its chairman reported.
it found itself very frustrated" be-
cause of a Swiss law forbidding the
banks Of Switzerland from disclos-
ing their customers business.
Many members of Congress are
currently watching with interest
the effort by Leopold d. Silber-
stein and his Penn Texas Corp.
to gain control of Fairbanks. Morse
d Co.. $3.50 million firm produc-
ing scales and industrial equipment
OF many types. That struggle is
due to come to a head at March
q stockholders meeting in Chicago.
The principal actors in the cur
rent financial play are Col. Robert
H. Morse. jr.. president of Fair
banks. Morse. and Mr.. SilberStein.
A refugee from Hitler interned by
Britain in Australia during the war
as an enemy alien. Mr. Silberstein
arrived here in 1948 by way OF
China and England. carrying a
Portuguese passport. In less than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

a decade. he has made himself an
industrial magnate. He initially
acquired a money-losing Pennsyl-
vania coal and coke company and
turned it into prosperous enter
prise. The industrial complex he
has amasSed in Penn-Teyas en-
braces some Is different companies
in mining, oil. firearms. power
Shovels, machine tools and other
lines. Control of company after
company was effected largely
through swapping Penn-Texas
stock.
Among firms thus acquired were:
The Crescent Co., Quick-way Truck
Shovel Co., Bayway Terminal Corp.
Niles Bement-Pond Co. tnow called
Pratt q Whitney Coz. Colts Patent
Firearms Manufacturing Co., and
HallicrafterS Co.
The biggest game to date has been
Fairbanks, Morse. In 1856, Mr..
SilberStein succeeded in getting four
men on its 11-man board of di-
rectors. Col Morse has not well
coined the intrusion of the Silber-
stein interests So, while Mr..
Silberstein and his friends have
been buying up Fairbanks, Morse
shares here and abroad. Col. Morse
has been financing. to the tune of
$4,000 Penn-Texas minority
stockholders group led by WASH
ington lawyer Alfons B. Landa.
Moy Exploin Interest
Both sides in the struggle are
looking for help wherever they can
get it. This may help explain why
Mr. Silberstein has been so thor
oughly investigated by Government
agencies in Washington and why
he has become a very controversial
figure here. But he appears not to
be friendless in Washington. On
the floors of Congress he has been
Stoutly defended by Democrats and
Republicans. Senators BRIDGES and
Morse and Representative Simp-
son and Walter have praised him.
Also. Penn-Texas is not without
counsel on public relations. The
head man in its Washington Office
is former Maj. Gen. c. T. Lanham.
who handled public relations for
President Eisenhower in Europe. A
new recruit was announced this
month when former Assistant Sec
rotary of State Carl w. McCardle,
a former newspaperman, Joined
Penn-TeXas. An associate Of Mr..
Silberstein is a former Secretary of
the Interior under the Democrats,
Oscar L. Chapman, now q Washing
ton attorney. He is one of Mr..
Silberstein's four directors on Fair
banks. Morse's board.
Mr.. Silberstein himself has ap-
peared in Washington, although
not in public hearings. His visit
was particularly concerned with
the Governments investigation of
the circumstances of his entry into
this country. Subsequently the I'm
migration and Naturalization Com
missioner gave him clean bill
of health.
Thus the stage is set for this
months Fairbanks-Morse stock
holders match. In one corner stand
the angry Col. Robert II. Morse, jr..
and his father. And in the other
the challenger. Mr.. Silberstein, Sec
onded by none other than Col.
Morses brother Charles. II should
be an interesting affair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
Violence in Havana

In Havana Wednesday. a band OF
40 youths armed with rifles, ma
chine guns. and grenades stormed
the Presidential Palace. A few Of
them gained the second floor, where
President Fulgencio Batista has his
offices But the palace guard
moved them down in short order
One American tourist was killed by
a stray bullet as he watched the
Palace battle from a nearby
balcony.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
BY JOHN F. SEMBOWER

CHICAGO.-How serious are the
hackers Of the proposed Tax Limit
Amendment which would write
Is per cent ceiling on Federal taxes
into the Constitution?
The answer is that they are in
dead earnest They feel that when
Idaho's Legislature made that State
the 32d to ratify the call for
national constitutional convention
they definitely were over the
hump" Now they feel the only
question is how to harvest the VIC
tory
For 20 years. Attorney Frank E.
Packard and his associates here in
the Western Tax Council, of which
he is managing director, have pro-
tested that theirs is neither a
'crackpot movement" nor an idle
gesture aimed merely at putting a
brake on rising taxes And the
vigor with which they pushed the
measure through 80 legislatures
portendS stirring days ahead in
Washington.
Article V provides two methods
for constitutional amendment. The
first is the familiar submission of
a proposed amendment by Congress
to the States for ratification. The
second. which has never been used.
and which the tax limitation forces
now rely on requires Congress to
call convention of State repre-
sentatives to consider amendments
If petitioned to do so by at least 80
States. Any amendment approved
at such convention would then be
submitted to the States for rati-
fication.
ABA Is Behind Move
Mr.. Packard a former attorney
general Of North Dakota, is but
tressed by no less legal authority
than the house OF delegates OF the
American Bar Association The
National Association Of Manu-
facturers and other business groups
are in his corner as are a few labor
and farm organizations and some
members of Congress.
Opposed are the Eisenhower adj
ministration. most labor unions and
many members of Congress.
One objection supporters OF the
limitation must face Immediately
is that their proposal is not identi-
cal with what was offered in the
beginning in other words, that the
80 States did not actually ratify the
same proposition. and therefore the
constitutional requirement that
two-thirds Of the States demand a
convention was not met
Mr. Packard thinks he is ready
for that one. Despite reports that
the Idaho victory was based upon
tax limit OF 35 per cent, rather
than the Is per cent. considered
by most OF the other ratifying
States. the lower limit actually
still is in the picture.
What has been added is a pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
HOUSE

HOUSe
II Res 100. Adoption OF resolution
to request President to indicate the
places and amounts in his budget
where he thinks substantial reduce
lions may best be made"
Adopted. 220-l78, March IL.
FOR: Harrison and Smith. Democrats of viz
gina
AGAINST Broyhill. Republican OF virginia,
and Hyde Republican OF Maryland
NOT VOTING: Landlord, Democrat OF Mary
land paired for
HR 490l. Passage of bill to give
commercial corn producers in 1857
choice between accepting 5l-million-
acre planting base with eligibility
for price supports dependent on soil
bank participation or accepting a
37.3-million- acre allotment with
soil bank participation voluntary.
Rejected, 1927. March 49,
ron: HYDE, Republican OF Maryland
AGAINST BrnyhIli Republican Of virginia
and Harrison and Smith Democrats Of
Virginia
NOT VOTING; Lankfotd. Democrat OF Mary
land paired against
tBy Congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
BY MARY LOU WERNER

When Virginias park season
opens May Is, Seashore State Park
again will sit idle-a luxurious re-
minder of the States determination
to forfeit public facilities rather
than yield to indignation.
This expensive chunk of water
front real estate adjacent to Vir-
ginia Beach has been closed ever
since a Federal Court ruled in 1855
that the State could not bar any
one because of race.
AS far as the taxpayers who paid
for Seashore know, the State still
has no definite plans for the invit-
ing beach and cabins-except, per-
haps, to let it serve as a warning
how far Virginia is willing to go to
preserve segregation.
Several suggestions for use Of
the parks 1900 acres have been
advanced. Raymond V. Long, State
director OF parks and conservation,
disclosed last year that three Vir-
GINA colleges had expressed an in
terest in obtaining the park for
educational purposes. Naturalists
and hunters have suggested that
the land might become a game pre-
serve.
Counted on Side Issue
Until there was a final decision in
the case by the United States ST.
preme Court last December, 1t is
Understandable why the State did
not rush to get rid Of Seashore. No
one really expected the Supreme
Court to approve segregation. hut
there was a side issue at stake on
which Virginia pinned high hopes
of getting around actual integra-
ton
This extracurricular question
was whether the State could lease
the park to a private operator. who
might run it independently of State
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

UUHIIHucu FrOm rage Az
forced the resignation of Premier
Ali Sastroamidjojo and his cabinet.
A former Mayor of Jakarta, Mr..
Suwirjo like many Indonesians, he
has no first nameD, was designated
10 form a caretaker cabinet.
Chief complaint Of the rebels has
been the diversion of revenues from
their areas to the central govern
ment. added TO resentment in army
circles against Mr.. Sukarno's plan
for powerful National Council to
include Communist members.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
OVER THE HUMP?
Tax Limit Bockers Are Serious

Packard thinks that it partakes of
that. He states that Congress in the
past has never failed to act when
a constitutional proposal marshaled
the support of so many States. and
that now it will call the conven-
ton.
Resort to Court?
What will he and his associates
do if Congress does not? Man
damus probably would lie through
the Supreme Court, il necessary"
he states. but he comedies that 1T
is difficult to think OF an order from
the court to another branch of
Government. the Congress. direct
ing it to take action"
Senator Everett Dirksen. Repub-
lican OF Illinois. carries the ball for
him in the Senate. and this week
stated that he thinks any taxpayer
could maintain suit in court ask
ing that Congress act on the prop
osition. A measure that would call
the convention now is before the
House Ways and Means Commit
tee.
The 80 States which at one
time or another in the last eight
years voted affirmatively on the
limitation amendment are: Ala
bama. Arkansas. Delaware, Florida.
Georgia. Illinois, Idaho. Indiana,
Iowa. Kansas. Kentucky, Louisiana,
Maine, Massachusetts. Michigan.
Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska,
Nevada. New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New Mexico. Oklahoma.
Pennsylvania. Rhode Island. South
Carolina. South Dakota, Texas.
Utah. Virginia. Wisconsin. and
Wyoming.
Administration Opposed
At Senate Judiciary COM
mittee hearing two years ago.
Treasury Secretary Humphrey
warned that the tax limitation
would cost the Federal Government
$l33 billion in annual revenue and
President Eisenhower was quoted
in opposition. Since then. Okla
homa, South Carolina and Idaho
climbed aboard as advocates.
Foes of the measure point out
that Illinois. Alabama, Arkansas,
Kentucky, Louisiana. Maine. Mas
sachusettS. Nebraska, New Jersey.
Rhode Island, and Wisconsin re-
scinded their action Also, the
Governors Of Montana and Penn
sylyania vetoed the resolutions
Undaunted. Mr. Packard con-
tends that the Constitution makes
no provision for either rescission
or veto.
The tax amendment advocates
scott at the position taken by some
opponents that the measure has
lapsed because OF 20 years passing
since the first Legislatures affirmed
1t. They say that the Constitution
provides no time limit for pending
amendments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
Jordon's New Crisis

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jor-
dan. long feared near complete coll
lapse as Western and pro-
Communist antagonists pulled and
hauled at the structure OF the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17

government would not show any
lack of imagination in handling
the situation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-17
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of the nearby Maryland
and Virginia legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-14
DIVIDENDS

NEW YORK, Jan IA GP Dividend,
announced: ''s
Pc Stk % Paw
Increased
La sale N Bk Chi H5r T-17 LOO
Omitted
South Calf Pet ~
Regular
CPS cnSh 81 81 g. = G9nyvr g lis -,
Fltzsimmors S ABB soc O 80 Al
stein A&Co 3Oc Q ~ 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-14
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO. Jan. - Firm prices
ruled for all ersins III active dealings
on tae Board OF Trade today
Cams ran to around a cent az times
IN wheat soybeanS and rye Smaller
advances were recorded in corn and
oats. Weather stimulated much Of the
ouying but there was plenty Of GTain
ior sale on the way up
President Eisenhower began his tour
OF the drought -strickened Southwest and
me resultant publicity apparently re-
created some commission house de-
mSnd for the bread grain.
what near the end Of the first hour
was TO q higher. March S2.4: r.,
corn 70 p higher March - 36i.
! 2, hisgher March = 49,; soybeanSs
iard 10 to - cents hundred pounds
highet. January Sl5.d5.
vide stretch Of Texas New Mexico
and Colorado emphasized the serious
condition Of grain prospects in that area
The, Weather Bureau fiye-day out.
moisture for. Kansas and Nebraska DC
curing mainly as snow. and nothing al
all. for Oklahoma
India inquired for three careoes OF
pec,ing Greece 10 buy 60.dn0 ors Of
hard wheat this week This potcntlal
exnort demand supported old-crop wheat
Weather also was factor - corn
and oats Extremely low siNTperaiuYts
IN The Midwe5t were expected TO in
crease farmer consumption Of .ccd
grains. Cash corn receipts we're lafgC
Traders noted the Commodity credit.
Corp on Friday rejected all bids for
exporters on the corn it has offered
An additional strong upward move
ment in Soybean meal gave support to
soybean futures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-14
.SteeIs Lead
Stocks Lower;
Trading Active

NEW YORK, Jan. IA (P -
Losses by steel shares paced a
stock market decline early this
afternoon. Pivotal issues dropped
fractions to around 3 points in
active trading.
CopperS oils and rails were
other losers but most leading air.
crafts stayed ahead.
Behind the fall in steels was
a report that demand is not as
much as expected. A decline in
steel scrap prices also was part
of the picture. Buying of cop
per in Europe was reported as
slow.
Bethlehem Steel dropped more
than 3. YOUNGSTOWN was down
around g. United States Steel
and Jones IL Laughlin lost about
2 apiece while Crucible, Lukens
and Republic Steel declined
around point or more.
Magma Copper dropped around
B. Anaconda. Phelps Dodge ano
American Smelling were l-point
losers. Kennecott lost a fraction
International Nickel halved it.
early gain of around a point.
Gulf Oil dropped more than &
point. Royal Dutch and Stand.
ard Oil New Jersey were frac.
tional losers.
Leading rails showed a strinl
OF losses ranging from fraction.
to about a point. Losses OF CLOSE
10 a point were taken by New
York Central, Illinois Contra
and Union Pacific.
Corporate bonds rose. Gov
eminent bonds eased.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-14
Steel Industry
Due 10 Spend
ST. Billion

CLEVELAND, Jan. IA Hy.-
The steel industry plans to
spend S22 billion to expand pro-
duction despite the tight money
market, Steel magazine said yes
terday.
The Woodworking weekly said
price increases are likely as a
way of raising money. Mill
prices have risen Is per cent in
the last month.
New stock issues and stock
splits will be another means of
obtaining funds to finance ex-
pansion. Steel said.
The $2.2 billion worth of ex-
pansion projects is only S100
million less than the total of
tax-aid applications which "a
steel companies have had on
file.
Look for more than Is mil
lion lngot tons of addition ca
pacity in the steel industry By
early 1859. the magazine said,
Official capacity now is 1895
million tons a year.
While the price trend for steel
has been up. mainly in extras
rather than in base prices. the
price of steelmaking scrap has
been declining. Steel reported
Last week it went down S2.34 a
ton to $6083.
In the week ended January 10,
mills turned out 98.5 per cent of
their January /. 1857, annual
capacity. That was a half point
rise from the previous week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-14
BUSINESS
BRIEFS
WaItham Watch Co., located

Waltham Watch Co, located
at Waltham, Mass, for the last
LOG years. announced it is NOV
ing the executive offices Of its
watch division to New York.
BOwaters Sth. Paper Corp.
announced a third newsprint
machine is in production, COM
'pleting the major phase of a
$50 million expansion program.
Lerner Stores Corp. December
sales totaled $27,934.l04, up 4.5rc
from 1855; for IL months $780,
588, l09. up $50 from 1855.
Bendix Aviation in year ended
September 80 earned S24.278,263
or S5.04 a share VS. 1888, 500
or $3.50 in 1855.
Am & For. Pwr. and subs. in
II months ended September 80
earned S15,827. 1862 or S2.l9 a
share VS.. S12,402, 448 or Sl.72 in
1855.
Lone Star Steel in year ended
December 81 earned $l0,l5l.363
or 1894 a share VS.. S4,759,086 or
S180 in 1855.
American Brake Shoe Co. in
10 months ended October 81
earned S7.287 900 or S5.72 a
share.
L. $. BOraX & Chemical in
year ended September 80 earned
S6.778,080 or STAT share VS..
S., 1888, 900 or $l.28 in 1855.