davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
War and a Hesitont Conqress

men, representing no opinion
but their own, have rendered
the great Government of the
United States helpless and con-
temptible."
After war came, the Senate
revised its rule so as to invoke
"clolure," whereby two-thirds
Of the Senators present could
cut off debate. That rule
was abandoned some years
afterward. and II is significant
that the Senate is going to de-
bate soon a restoration of that
very provision.
But the Importance Of this
bit of history is that American
misfortune has followed every
conspicuous exhibition Of
weakness in Congress. Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Secretary
Dulles are being told today by
several prominent Democrats
in Congress that the requested
power is already possessed by
the executive and that the stu
alton can be met by declara-
ton of opinion rather than by
an authorization to act.
To his everlasting credit.
former President Truman has
come out fatty in favor of
granting the power that Pres
ident Eisenhower is asking for.
But will the other Democrats
follow hun, or will they whit
tie down the pending resolu-
ton and give the impression
that the President of the
United States does not have
the wholehearted support Of
the Congress? And If this hap
pens, will another war come
as a result of such a mis-
calculation by Soviet Russia?
1t Will be recalled that in
July. 1889, the late Senator
William Borah, liberal" Re-
publican, was telling the Sen
ate there wasn't a chance Of a
world war and hence he didn't
want to vote to give the Presi-
dent certain discretionary
powers requested by the Ex-
ecutive in connection with the
EMBARGO on arms. Roosevelt
had told Congress he needed
this legislation so as to WELD
Americas influence on the
side of preventing a world war.
The Senate Foreign Relations
Committee refused to act.
About a month later World
War II broke out.
Will history repeat itself
now? The testimony being
recorded this week in the
hearings of the Senate For
eign Relations Committee end
Armed Services Committee has
a familiar sound.
Reproduction Rights ReservedD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
Bernard e'nb.' 5O n,'',.rtA passenger
carried by Eastern Air Lines

am very pleased to be the so millionth
passenger to fly Eastern Air Lines, for the
Eastern story is an inspiring example Of our
American way of life.
Captain Eddie Rickenbacker, our ace Of
aces, has been friend Of mine since World
War I. He has always been dedicated to avia-
ton and has built Eastern Air Lines from
small company into one Of the most out
standing air transportation systems in the
world.
This accomplishment is an eloquent testi-
monial to the unlimited opportunity that
exists IN this country Of ours.
Congratulations to Eastern Air Lines and
Captain Rickenbacker on their great contri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15

Premier CIV Mollet, who has
held Office for Is months-a
record in contemporary French
politics-intends to come to
Washington for a discussion
of Frances problc ms and
difficulties in Algeria in adj
vance of the United Nations
debate on the question.
He is expected to spell out
the serious dangers which will
confront not only France but
also the NATO and our system
Of Western alliances in the
event the U. N. disregards
what he believes are the real"
intere, IS Of his country and
Of the free world.
The French people. he will
contend, are determined not
to let Algeria 60 the way Of
Morocco, Tunisia or Indo-
China. Although the loss Of
1ndo- China was a serious body
blow to the old colonial
policies. the French people &C
copied the solution offered by
the Mendes-France govern
ment in 1854 with a sigh Of
relief. The guerrilla war in
the far-away Asiatic possession
had lasted almost eight years
and had not only drained the
French treasury but also had
cost tens Of thousands Of
young French lives.
There was no real opposition
by the masses to the with
drawal from Morocco and
Tunisia. which were mere pro-
tectorates dating back to the
days when colonialism was in
flower.
Algeria is different; it is
neither a colony nor a pro-
tectorate. 1t is part and par
eel of France. just as much as
Texas or New Mexico are part
and parcel OF the United
States. This at least is the
contention of the John G.
Citizens Of France. Unlike the
situation in the colonies or the
former protectorate. there are
more than q million French
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
DORIS FLEEsON
Senators Believed Tending to Argue
Over Arms and Economic Aid

1t quickly became clear
when Secretary of State john
Foster Dulles faced members
of the Senate Foreign Rela-
tons ana Armed Services
Committees that the Senator's
were in no hurry to act on the
administrators Middle East
proposals.
The early questioning in
dicated that, as a start, the
Senators may split the pro-
gram in two parts. The first
and least controversial would
be the proposed warning to
Russia that force will be met
with force in the Middle East.
Even the Senators who feel
the President has constitu-
tional power to act in that
manner are not disposed to
fight his request for congress
sional sanction lest it be in
terpreted as a sign of United
States weakness.
But support built rapidly
for plans to argue military
and economic aid as a sep
arate and distinct problem.
Conservatives who dislike eco
nomic aid in principle were
Joined by liberals whose dis
trust of Dulles runs deep.
Some Of the questioning Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15

the Secretary was sharp. no
tably that Of Senator Fulbright
of Arkansas. Senator Fulbright
has no real confidence that
the administration has q grand
design for the Middle East;
his private notion is that the
President and Secretary only
want a blank check to i'm
provise when and as they see
fit.
Neither the Secretary nor the
Senators in their first encoun-
ter really got down to brass
tacks on the heart of the Mid
die East problem. 1t is how this
country can and should deal
with Communist inf1ltration,
subversion and sale of arms
throughout the area.
Every time a questioning
Senator got close in that area,
Dulles took evasive action.
Sometimes he took refuge in
generalities. Again he would
suggest that questions about
American arms for the Middle
East ought to be dealt with in
an executive session with the
Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The Senators let it go. al
though many Of them are de-
cidedly allergic to the Secre-
tary's propensity for answer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
No Big Rush Into Mideost Plan

ing questions with re-state-
ments Of high moral principle
rather than facts. One sar-
oonic LEGISLATOR. fed to the
teeth. privately refers to Dulles
as a "card-carrying Christian"
But few men get to be
Senators who are not also
political realists. They know
that the Middle East govern
ments upon which supplies of
oil vital to Western Europe
depend are not models of
democracy dedicated to the
welfare of the common man.
Senators suspect strongly that
things will have to be done in
the way of laid" from which
they would prefer to avert
their faces.
In similar straits the British
had the concept of empire and
the Pax Britannica to fall
back on. For these great ends,
by a kind of tacit consent one
of the most democratic peo-
piles on earth overlooked the
use OF means which contra
dicted their stated principles.
In a sense the President and
Dulles are using emphasis on
the nobility of United States
motives as an operating screen
for what they regard as prac-
tical necessities Of foreign
policy. Their present trouble
is in getting the Senate to buy
1t as well.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
Premier MoIIet's Visit to II. S.

users" in his endeavors to
comply with Moscow's policies
to keep Western Europe in an
economic tail-spin for as long
as possible?
All these considerations add
up to the likelihood of a ma
ior political disaster IN France
if the already tense French
people are presented with a
decision that Algeria must be
separated from the body Of
the French republic. Will tnis,
ask the French political lead
ers, help the peace of the
world? Will an American stand
favoring the Arabs in Algeria
help our policy Of Defend
ing Western Europe against
further Soviet Entertainments
in that area?
The French political leaders
warn us that the chaos result
ing from uprisings and bloody
CLASHES in France would with
out doubt spell the end of the
NATC into which the Amer
lean taxpayers have poured
tens of billions Of dollars. It
would mean a disintegration
of the already-shaky Western
Europe. The Muscovites, the
French say, who were effec-
lively stopped in Western
Europe, have skillfully ma
neuvered and have now pene-
trated the Middle East.
And while the American
Governments attention Is
focused on the Middle East,
the French say, the Muscovites
are likely to gain another vic
tory "by proxy" on the Alge-
rian problem, thus causing a
very serious chain reaction in
France and inevitably all over
Western Europe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Harry Truman Endorses 1kes Middle East policy. Republic
cans this becoming popular
fact Harry insists Joining It, Ike turn in his suit
Some Democrats claim Ke's Middle East doctrine doesn't
anyhing-and they says
emphaticaly
The 1857 model represent triumph of human
cheering skls In fact into them, you got
be Contortionist
Ike the drought Farmer Eisenhower agrees
with fellow farmers that things might improve they could
President Eisenhower do something
fellow Benson.
UN. Ambassador Lodge proposes disarmament plan.
Russia offers fair trade She'll dsarm herself the
finds that America no longer has leg to stand
Bandeader Lawrence Wek will play at the Ball
Among the noables he'll be exception Only the hall
who won't have to rent his tail-coat,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
DAVID LAWRENCE

Will history repeat itself?
Will Congress hesitate to give
the President of the United
States in advan nee power to act
in a possible emergency-and
will there be another world
war due to an enemy's mis-
calculation of the intent Of a
vacillating America?
These questions are asked
because of the strange paral-
lei now developing here with
what happened Just before
World War I, World War II
and the Korean War, respec-
lively.
On March 4, 1917, the Con-
eress adjourned and the res
olution of authority requested
by President Wilson to arm
American merchant ships
failed of passage because of
notorious filibuster. Just 20
days later the President was
asking for and Congress was
passing a resolution to ratify
state of war" which had
begun when the imperial Ger
man government sank Ameri-
can ships without warning.
The Berlin government had
calculated that America would
not intervene.
On May 81, 194l. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt declared
an unlimited national emer-
gency." and on August IL.
1871. the request of the Pres
ident to extend the term of
service under the Selective
Service Act was granted by a
margin of only one vote in
the House of Representatives
-203 to 202. This was widely
interpreted abroad as indicat-
ing a division in Americas
ranks-weakness and vacilla-
ton. Less than four months
later the President was asking
for and Congress was voting a
declaration of a state of war
with Germany and Japan.
The Nazi government had
calculated that merica
would not intervene.
In January, 1850. the Sec
rotary of State-Dean Ache
son-announced that Amer
ica's defense perimeter did
not include Korea but that
this would be left to the U.N.
to protect. Six months later.
the Army, Navy and Air Force
of the United States We're en-
gaging in a war inside Korea
ito repel aggression" No con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
Edgar Dixon Reported Now Lobbyist
To Keep u. S. Out of Atomic Power

have been working to get con-
troll Of the newest form Of en-
ergy-atomic power-and on
terms most favorable to them.
Anybody who has followed
the course Of history in the
last few years would have
thought that we might have
learned a lesson from our I'M
fortunate experience during
the 1905 with what coura-
geous public servants Of an
other era bluntly called "the
power trust" You would think
that we would be careful to
protect the public interest as
we begin to develop this new
source Of energy. So chasten-
ing was that other experience,
which was so costly to consum-
ers and investors. that Con-
gress enacted regulatory laws.
including the 1885 Public
Utility Holding Company Act
that broke up powerful monop-
olistic combines.
But. despite all that. we
Seem headed along the ZANE
route with atomic power, even
though $14 billion Of public
money, meaning ours as tax
payers, has gone into develop
ment Of atomic energy, both
for military and civilian use.
1t ought to belong to us.
A number Of giant utilities
and other industrial enter
prises got III on the ground
floor during the war emergency
through Government contracts.
They are In a preferred posi-
ton to get control OF this new
form Of energy, just as a few
big utilities got control Of cleo
trio energy.
They are, at the same time.
demanding special terms. in
GLIDING Government subsidies.
In the 1854 Atomic Energy Act,
Congress virtually made devel-
opment Of atomic power a
private monopoly, with all
sorts Of concessions. In order
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
THOMAs l. STOKES
Return of a Figure in Power Issue

to get private enterprise into
the field. In the last Congress
an attempt was made to get
exemption from the Public
Utility Holding Company Act,
for companies which went into
atomic power production.
Luckily that failed.
Still they hold back. so that
we are tagging behind Russia,
Britain and France in devel-
opment Of atomic power. In
On effort TO keep our country
abreast OF others, Senator
Gore. Democrat of Tennessee,
got through the Senate last
year q bill to authorize the
Government, itself, through
the Atomic Energy Commits
sion. to build reactors at Acc
installations. which would be
models for private enterprise
to help 1t enter the field. OPP
position by the White House
and Admiral Lewis Strauss,
Acc chairman, killed it in the
IIoust.
Recently, Admiral Strauss
began to dangle new and more
generous concessions before
private industry to get them
to enter the field.
Defeat of the Gore bill also
will be one Of the two chief
aims Of Edgar Dixon's lobby,
for which the Edison Institute
set aside $150.000. His other
objective will be to get as at
tractive terms as possible for
private industry so that 1t will
take as little risk as possible.
Private enterprise Is no longer
the bold, adventurous force
which its spokesman describe
in their after-dinner speeches.
We, the public. become the
goats. We paid the enormous
cost of developing atomic
energy by the Government in
the first instance We will
pay again to get private in
dustry to get into the field.
Then, when atomic power is
reality. we'll pay again in
the rates charged for our use.
Obliging we are, certainly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15

A familiar figure turns up
again-busy at en- old familiar
chore.
The figure is Edgar Dixon.
You recall him, the ample and
rotund gentleman of news
paper photographs, half of the
team Of Dixon and Yates, big
utilities tycoons of Q Rector
street, New York. They were
sponsors of that Dixon-Yates
deal which was exposed in
Congress as an attempt to
undermine iva. You remem-
Der. too. that congressional
committees disclosed how this
scheme was cooked UP in
the Eisenhower administra-
ton. Then how one Of those
who helped to plan 1t was
working both for the Govern
nsnt and for private interests,
so that, in the end, the Gov.
eminent Cancelled the con-
tract which it had initiated In
the first place.
Edgar Dixon reappesrs now
In the role Of lobbyist, though
what he is technically is head
of a task force set up by
Edison Electric Institute, the
trade association of the utili-
ties. His assigned job is ito
keep the Government out Of
the atomic power business as
1t is phrased. and to seek Gov
eminent subsidies for private
companies, including utilities,
which enter the atomic power
field.
1t is appropriate that Edgar
Dixon appears in this role. He
is a symbol of the politically
powerful private power COM
panies which. since the advent
of the sympathetic Eisenhower
administration. have been try
ing to disrupt the Govern
ment's public power program.
A good example Of their
strategy was the Dixon-Yates
deal. itself. At the same time,
the private power companies
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
Signs of Reluctance on Mideost Policy
Recall Events Before 3 Major Conflicts

gressional resolution had been
requested in advance and the
enemy miscalculated tn a t
American military power
would not intervene.
The language used by Pres
ident Wilson in asking for
authority to place the armed
forces of the United States
aboard its merchant ships in
1917 was almost identical
with that Of President Eisen-
hover in his message of jan
uary 5 this year. Wilson told a
joint session Of Congress on
February 26, 1917, that, since
adjournment was near at
hand. 1t might take ian UNI
usual length Of time to as
semble and organize the next
Congress-" He said:
st feel that I ought, in view
of that fact. to obtain from
you full and immediate as
surance of the authority which
I may need at any moment to
exercise No doubt I ALREADY
possess that authority without
special warrant of law, BY the
plain implication of my con-
stitutional duties and powers;
but I prefer, in the present cir
cumstances. not to act upon
general implication. l wish
to feel that the authority and
the power of the Congress are
behind me in whatever it may
become necessary for me to
do. We are jointly the serv-
ants Of the people and must
act together and in their spirit.
so far as we can divine and
interpret it,"
What happened? A fill
buster led by liberal Repub-
leans" notably the late SEN
ator George Norris of Nebraska,
resulted in the failure Of the
Senate to get a chance to vote.
When Congress adjourned on
March 4, Wilson issued a
statement to the country that
same day in which he said:
Although, as a matter OF
fact, the Nation and the rep
resentatives of the Nation stand
back of the Executive with
unprecedented unanimity and
spirit, the impression made
abroad will, of course, be that
1t is not so and that other
governments may act as they
please without fear that this
Government Can do anything
at all.
"A little group of willful
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15

button to aviation and TO the public service
V2-~---4 eAe9.
Chairman Of the Board,
Gimbel Brothers, Inc
Eastern Air Lines is proud to welcome Mr..
Bernard Gimbel as its so millionth passenger.
This event marks an important milestone
in Eastern's history.
Starting IN 1928 with eight small airplanes
and Al employees, Eastern Air Lines now
serves the travelling public with great feet
Of 1877 modern aircraft and with over $4,000
skilled employees
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15

Originally flying between only three cities,
Eastern now links 120 communities IN the
United States, Canada, Bermuda and Puerto
Rico. And Eastern now carries more people
in single day than it did during III entire
first year Of passenger operations.
Today, Eastern Is preparing for the JET age
Of air travel Eastern has launched $422,.
100000 feet expansion program the largest
in the history Of the industry. This program
will make the jet age reality in just three
years.
The Jet age Of air travel will bring immeas-
urable benefits to the travelling public in the
years to come Eastern is proud to be pio-
neer Of this great new age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-15
164 Descendants

MARION, N. c., Jan. is (P.
Mrs. Martha Conner, 86. Of the
Glenwood section of Mcdowell
County. died Sunday. leaving 1874
direct descendants-9 children,
81 grandchildren, 81 great
grandchildren and II great
great-grandchildren.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-12

Oepend upon Ford, the car that introduced the
va engine and other quality features to the low
price field, to bring air conditioning within reach
of the average car buyer.
A 1857 Ford (even luxurious Fairlane 50O)
equipped with all the comforts of Ford Air Condi-
tioning now costs less With air conditioning than
many medium-priced cars Without it. This means
that if you can afford medium-pr car you
can afford an unconditional Ford
And this new "fne-car" Ford offers the careful
buyer far more than low price. 1t offers you the
kind of power :. the kind of ride ). the kind of
luxury that you once expected to find only in
the most expensive cars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-12
Holly WOOD
Here's q Heroine for You
By SHEiLAH GRAHAM

land the Ben Hur" plum. and
it was q shock when Burt Ian.
casters selection was an.
nounced. Actually the start Of
the So million epic is still hazy
Producer Henry HenigsO n
states: I'm here to arrange fol
the picture. but there are still
a few obstacles"
4 50
There's a new girl In town
20-year-old Marisa AllasiO
She's the leading lady in Lam
za's picture. And beautiful! But
she likes to eat as much and
more than Mario. Her father
is a football referee. Maybe pop
should blow the whistle. Marisa
is under exclusive contract to
Carlo POnti who has a knack
for discovering actresses while
they are still poor and un-
known-a la Sophia Loren.
The first European drive-in
opens near Rome, August IS,
Patrons. by pressing a button,
can hear the picture in either
Italian or English. The project
is the brain child Of Metros
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-12

Mr.. Kamern who sells Leo the
lion in Italy. and who told me
that television hasn't vet hurt
his movie business. I'VE turn
over 81 million a year." There
are 10000 theaters in Italy
with more seats per capita than
in any other country in Europe
+ \ 4 y
But for real movie fans you
have to go to Yugoslavia, where
they queue up at nine in the
morning for q show that might
start tomorrow. And for real
film output. you'd have to 60
to India, Of all places. They
produce more than 1000 movies
q year.
To 60 back for Q second to
Yugoslavia. Otto Preminger
journeyed there to sign Silva
KOscina for "Bonjour iris
tesse." with Deborah Kerr and
David Niven.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-12
WATCH
YOUR
TALK!

A noted publisher in Chicago
reports there is a simple tech
nique Of everyday CONVERSE
ton which can pay you real
dividends in both social and
business advancement and
works like magic to give you
added poise, self confidence
and greater popularity.
According to this publisher
many people do not realize
how much they could influ-
ence others simply by what
they say and how they say It.
Whether in business, at social
functions, or even in casual
conversations with new &C
quaintanceS. there are ways in
which you can make a good
impression every time you
talk.
To acquaint the readers Of
this paper with the easy-to-
follow rules for developing skill
In everyday conversation. The
publishers have printed full
details Of their interesting
self-training method in a "a
page booklet, Adventures in
Conversation" which will be
mailed free TO anyone who re-
quests it. No obligation. Sim
ply send your request to: Con.
yersation Studies, 835 Diversey
Parkway, Dept. 254C, Chicago
4, Ill. A postcard will do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-12

facts Of the four-year statis-
teal study smoking in relation
to Death Rates"
The study indicates that the
person who smokes two packs
Of cigarettes q day has a l.
in-l0 chance Of contracting
lung cancer he said. "Your
chances of acquiring lung can
Ger are increased each and
every day you smoke. You take
your choice. and you do as you
please. but tits incumbent upon
US to bring it to your atten-
tion." he said.
Cigarettes that are safer, but
not safe" are possible. accord