davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

widely discussed now are suggestions
that unions be placed under the
cover of antitrust laws and extern
sion of the Taft Hartley law, which
already outlaws the closed shop, to
include a ban on the union shop
also. The more vocal critics of
labor have also suggested more strict
provisions against labor political
activity and the removal of the tax
exempt status of unions.
At the State level. the list Of
States with "right-to-work" laws
continues to grow (See symposium
on "right-to-work" laws on Page
AID. Less than "a hours after
Mr.. Beck left the witness stand in
the Senate caucus room here. the
lower house of the Kansas Legisla-
ture passed a "right-to-work" law
by a 3-to-l margin.
The hearings also have had an
adverse effect on labor in another
way. There has been, for instance,
a noticeable diminution in labor's
clamor for changing the Taft
Hartley law to give unions an in
creased advantage in their struggles
with MANAGEMENT.
While Mr.. Meany has said: I'VE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
British Strike Grows

An additional half million work.
ers joined Britain's nationwide
strike Yesterday, bringing to IT
million the ranks of factory work.
ers idle. Another half million are
scheduled to walk out at the end
of this week in the three-phase pro-
test strike called by industrial
unions in demand for substantial
wage increases.
Negotiations were deadlocked,
with no further talks scheduled
until after the meeting of gov
eminent Court of Inquiry set for
Wednesday. Labor Minister Ian
Mcleod urged the unions to call off
the walkouts pending the action OF
the court, but his appeals were so
far unheeded.
Britain's economy, already floun-
dering as an aftermath Of the
disastrous Suez adventure, faces a
dark future If production fails to
permit continued exports, indis-
pensable TO the national income.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
REVIEW OF THE WEEK
The Beck Case Breakdown From the Top

here, so million there, $50 there and
be doing anything except kidding
yourselves
But only a few hours after the
President offered this observation,
Congress continued its piecemeal
reductions. The House cut SAP, 900
from the administration request
for the Labor Department and the
Department of Health, Education
and Welfare. The following day it
removed $118.7 million from that
$28 billion measure and was still
nibbling away at weeks end, with
more cuts certain.
Economy efforts in the House got
little help at the other end of the
Capitol. The Senate, rejecting all
attempts to cut, passed SIS billion
rivers and harbors bill. The Sena-
tors also continued the present rate
on corporation and excise taxes, but
defeated attempts to increase reve-
nue. by reducing the 27la per cent
depletion allowance for the oil
industry.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

porary" ban on nuclear test blasts
if athe West was still unwilling to
accept permanent ban. But Har-
old E. StaSsen. chief American dele
gate at the London disarmament
talks, countered with a proposal
that the United States and the So
Wet Union exchange information
gained from previous tests. Under
existing circumstances. he said. the
United States could not agree to
cessation OF testing.
British womens groups, spot
lighting dramatically their oppo-
sition to the forthcoming British
tests of a hydrogen bomb. threat
ened to invoke the sanctions Of
Lysistrata to win their fight. In
the Aristophanes play. the women
Of Greece refused conjugal COM
pany to their men unless war was
ended forthwith. The war was
quickly called off.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
--Associated Press Photos

Gus: A jerry-built economy made
topheavy by overcapitalized business
and held together by a highly
inelastic currency.
For six years the National None
tary Commission, made up of mem
bers of Congress, worked on
solution. which finally was handed
to President Wilson on December %,
1918. 1t was an act setting up the
Federal Reserve System.
Although the Federal Reserve Act
has been amended some 80 times
since its passage, there has been no
thoroughgoing study of the Ma
tons financial structure since that
long investigation. In the mean
time, the Nations economy has
passed through three wars, two
depressions and fantastic expansion.
The years and the events-par-
ticularly the wars-have left scars.
In 10 years the value of the dollar
has dropped to 50l2 cents and is
still falling; American taxpayers are
obligated for more than so per cent
OF the debt of all free nations; the
S7l.8 billion Federal budget holds
no promise for the return to
normally" that was pledged 81
years ago: and despite substan-
tial restriction of credit over the
past several years. imitation has
continued.
Three times this year President
Eisenhower has suggested that an
other all-incluSive study like that
of l907-1913 of the Nations finan-
cial structure be undertaken. He
favored the use of a commission
composed of members of House and
Senate, plus out-of- Government
experts But his proposal soon ran
into political difficulties.
In the House, Representative
Wright Patman. Democrat of Texas,
early in this session introduced a
resolution to give the House Bank
ing and Currency Committee the
authority to make the study, with
the power of subpoenaing witnesses
and records.
The Patman sponsorship was dis
turbing to the administration. For
Mr. Patman, known as a soft
money" adherent. has been highly
vocal in his criticism Of the admin
istration's fiscal policies in general
and its hard money" policies in par
ocular. Republicans clearly feared
that study headed by Mr.. Patman
would serve as mill for Democratic
campaign issues next year.
On Wednesday. the Republicans.
with some help from Southern
Democrats, beat down the Patman
proposal. Thirty-eight Democrats
failed to heed the advice of Speaker
Rayburn. who appealed for support
of the measure.
Defeat of the resolution did not
kill the chances for such study. for
there is still strong support behind
the idea of a fiscal survey. When
ever the inquiry does begin and in
whatever form. 1t is certain to probe
deeply into the entire financial
structure-banks. credit unions. in
surance companies. Federal Reserve
policies and all Government lending
agencies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

high-ranklng member OF organized
labor You are an international
president of a great union +. Ger
tainly you are placing the is mil
lion Americans in unionsl in some
jeopardy when you are inviting, by
your conduct in the past, legisla-
ton that will curb all Of these
members"
There seemed to be general agree
ment Friday among the members of
the AFL-CIO executive council
Mr.. Beck excluded-that Senator
Mcnamara had put it well. The
council. comprised of the heads of
rs of the larger unions, suspended
Mr.. Beck as a member and as an
AFL-CIO vice president and di-
rected that charges be filed against
him. The action was taken earlier in
the week at meeting called by
AFL-CIO President George Meany
only minutes after Mr.. Beck began
pleading the Fourth and Fifth
Amendments and Sections /, II and
III of the Constitution in refusing
to answer the committees questions.
The council will consider the
charges on May 20. at which time
Mr.. Beck will be offered an oppor-
tunity to defend himself. The
council has no authority to I'M
seat Mr.. Beck from the presi-
dency of the is million member
Brotherhood of Transfers, but it
could recommend that the Team
sters GUST him and others charged
with wrongdoing. Should the Team
sters fail to act, the council, if
backed by a two-thirds vote in the
AFL-CIO convention, could expel
the Transfers. the largest union in
organized labor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
The Presidency:
On Inability

I'm Cose Of the Removed Of the Presi-
dent from Office, or Of his Deoth, Resis-
notion, or Inability to discharge the
Powers and Duties OF the sold Office,
the some shall deyolye on the Vice
President.
Art. II, Sec. ].
The Constitution
The question is: Who shall de-
termine at what point there is SUI
ficient inability" to warrant the
assumption of the Presidents duties
by the Vice President?
1t was a question John Dickens
son of Delaware raised at the Phlla-
delphia Constitutional Convention
in 1887. But it was hot summer,
and the delegates went home. ieav-
ing the ambiguity to stand
Friday, President Eisenhower
recommended that the Constitution
be amended to permit the cabinet
to say when the Vice President
should assume the powers and
duties of the President. Under his
proposal, majority Of the cabinet
would make the decision,
The idea has been suggested be-
fore, and several objections have
been pointed out. For one, 1t would
permit appointed officials to deter
mine who would exercise the duties
of the highest elective office in the
land. Political objections have been
raised, too. For instance, dislike
of the Vice President on the part OF
one or more cabinet members might
bring difficulties.
Other suggestions that have been
offered would give the decision to
the Supreme Court. CONGRESS. or a
special commission. headed by the
Surgeon General.
1t isregarded highly unlikely that
any such amendment would apply
to President Eisenhower. since the
plan could hardly pass two-thirds
of the Congress and three-fourths
of the States before Mr.. Eisenhower
retires in 1860.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

Becks actions as head of the Team
sters. (See story by Phil Yeager
and John Stark on Page A-27O
In his appearance before the
committee, Mr.. Beck could not have
irritated the Senators more If he
had tried. He constantly and os-
tentatiously invoked the name of
his absent chief counsel, former
Senator James H. Duff. At times
he sounded like a labor boss
haranguing an Grant local. Not
once did he appear in the least i'm
pressed by the authority of the
United States Senate as he doomed
defiance.
In an attempt to track down some
of the missing Teamster thousands,
the committee called on a man Mr..
Beck described as a friend of 20
years standing. The friend. Nathan
NJ. Shefferman, was said to be
kind of goodwill ambassador be-
tween labor and management. He
had also set up the accounting and
bookkeeping system that has
brought so much woe to the Team
Sters.
One of Mr.. Shefferman's acts of
friendship was to serve as a sort of
personal purchasing agent for the
Transfers chief He testified that
over four-year period he had
bought $4,000 worth of hard and
soft goods for Mr.. Beck, ranging
from diapers to loveseats. All but
about $4,000 of the money came
from the union till, Mr.. Shefferman
said.
Before leaving for Seattle on
Thursday. after Senator Mcclellan
adjourned the hearings for about
two weeks, Mr.. Beck indicated he
expected TO have to answer to the
Internal Revenue Service in some
tax matters. In Chicago, en- route
west. he announced plans to spend
81 million for a publicity drive
to fight the accusations that have
been brought against him and his
union.
But there were growing signs of a
graSs-roots revolt brewing among
teamster locals in several sections
Of the country. Mr.. Beck was hung
in effigy in Seattle and Yakima,
Wash. A half-dozen or more locals
asked that their books be audited.
One local shouted down Beck lieu
tenant and went on to pass resolu-
ton opposing contributions to any
publicity fund. And the general
secretary-treasurer of the Team
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
Moscow Reacts

Moscow reacted swiftly to pub
lished plans Of the United States
to supply Britain, and perhaps other
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
ton members. with guided missiles
capable Of carrying atomic war;
heads.
In a blunt, threatening message
to Norway--a closer and weaker
NATO member than others-Soviet
Premier Bulganin warned Tuesday
OF most energetic measures to in
flict destructive blow" If Norway
allowed her territory to be used as
a base against the Soviet Union.
President Eisenhower, at his
Wednesday news conference, called
the Bulganin letter completely in
defensible.' Noting that Norway had
a right to do as she pleased within
her own borders. Mr.. Eisenhower
recalled that the Moscow threat was
similar to several hurled six years
ago when NATO was organizing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
A Dream Is Realized

The pens of six statesman have
formalized two treaties establishing
a European common market and
a European atomic energy pool.
The signatures, affixed last Mon
day at a gala meeting in Rome
climaxed months of difficult nego-
tiations and years, even centuries,
OF dreams
The international machinery set
up in the two treaties will provide
for a Court of International JUS
tice and the beginnings. in rudi-
mentary form. of a European Par
lament and European cabinet.
The common market scheme will
gradually eliminate tariff barriers
and otner restrictions on trade over
a l5-year period. The "Euratom"
program will Join all the nuclear
resources of the six member ma
tions into a common pool for the
development of peaceful application
of atomic energy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

will not be fooled into letting the
current hearings hamstring the
labor movement" it is obvious now
that this has not been the least
Of his fears or those of other top
brass in the AFL-CIO.
But more immediate problem
of the AFL-CIO is how to get rid
of Dave Beck without getting rid
of the Transfers and all their
wealth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
Middle East:
Nosser Speaks

United Nations Secretary General
Dag Hammarskjold wound UP sew
eral days of talks in Cairo Tuesday.
He flew back to New York without
visiting Israel. apparently certain
that Jerusalem would not welcome
him unless he bore concessions from
Egypt's President Canal Abdel
NaSser.
Mr.. Hammarskjold had no con-
cessions. And the Israelis, resentful
Of Egyptian gains and Of what
seemed to Premier Ben-Gurion a
flat betrayal in the matter of AmeI-
lean assurances" were ominously
quiet. The efficient Israeli Army
had scattered Col. Nasser's forces
last fall with relative ease; there
was fear in Western capitals that
it might try 1t again.
Following the departure of Mr..
Hammarskjold from Cairo. Egypt
sent the United States and six other
nations memorandum outlining
Col. Nassers intentions on the oper-
alton Of the Suez Canal. His terms
were those of conqueror.
No suggestion of even a token
international role in the operation
Of the vital waterway was visible
in the Cairo note Further, there
was no reference whatever to the
six Principles" on canal operation
adopted by the United Nations last
october, and accepted in principle
by the Egyptians prior to the
Israeli Bfitish-French invasion.
Egypt did pay verbal tribute to
1.-THE cause Of peace and prosperity"
and also to the terms and the
spirit of the Constantinople Con-
vention of 1888 and the rights and
obligations arising therefrom." But
the balance of the memorandum in
formed the world that the canal
and all its works. its administration
and operation. its tolls and develop
ment, were strictly Egyptian.
No mention was made in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

Joint United States-British intelli-
gence and planning systems. step
Of major significance if true, were
denied by Mr.. Dulles. Perhaps re-
f1ecting the cautious view that any
such agreement would be provoca-
tive to the Soviet bloc and offensive
to other United States allies, par
ticularly France. Mr.. Dulles said
the only accord in that field was
one for refurbishing, you might
say, or reviewing the intelligence
ARRANGEMENTS we have concerning
alerts." The Secretary explained
that he meant the existing system
for Joint action on alerts in the
existence of the threat Of an actual
Soviet attack.
British press reaction to the Ber-
muda accomplishments, at first
optimistic. cooled to skepticism
during the week. There had been,
perhaps. an over-billing of the pos
sible results. and tendency, shared
on this side of the Atlantic. to talk
glowingly Of the parley as re
establishment" Of the alliance. But
the paucity Of apparent British
gains brought disappointment. And,
plaintively asked some London jour-
nails. what of the French? Is there
a big Three"
The French did some public
talking OF their own last week. For
eign Minister Christian Pineau, in
an address to the National AS
sembly. declared that the United
States, with France, had explicitly
agreed that Israel had a right to
defend her shipping if Egypt should
again block the Gulf of Aqaba. And
he strongly implied that the United
States had reneged on assurances
to Israel that Egypt would not re-
OCCUPY the GAIA Strin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

sters. John English, who long has
been at odds with the Beck leader
ship, said he had not been consulted
about the million-d dollar program.
and furthermore, would oppose any
use of the unions funds for that
purpose"
Senator Mcclellan has already
instructed his committee staff to
study what legislative action might
be taken to bring more rank-and-
file influence into the deliberations
of union labor. and several of his
colleagues on the committee have
suggested an urgent need for a law
requiring an accounting Of union
funds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
Aggressive Witness

Mr.. Beck also faces the possibility
of citation charging contempt of
Congress. The charge would de-
pend on whether a majority of the
committee decides that he improp-
erly invoked the Constitution in
falling to answer questions. In ad-
dition to challenging the commit
tees authority, Mr.. Beck refused
to turn over his records to the COM
mittee and refused on grounds of
possible self-incrimination to an
swer charges that he may have
Incorporated" $4,000 in union
money. Chairman Mcclellan said
that he didn't know of any word
less than theft" to describe Mr..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
The Economy:
A Long Look

On November 8, 1907, the ma
tional economy was struck by a
panic that overnight choked off the
flow of money. Many banks closed.
and others had to substitute checks
and clearing house certificates for
currency.
Two days later Congress began a
study of what caused the panic and
how a recurrence could be pre-
vented. The cause was soon obvi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
Lobor's Fears

While labor leaders for the most
part will agree on the need for
tough laws against labor racketeer-
ing. they are reported generally to
fear that if lawmakers start legis-
lating IN this direction the increaS-
ing antilabor feeling in both Fed
eral and State legislative halls
might lead to tighter restrictions.
The two possible curbs most
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

The fears that have plagued organized labor since the
Senate investigation of racketeeng labor and
began perhaps best expressed by Democratic Senator
who for 20 years headed the AF Ppetter Union in Detroit
Senator Pat Mcnamara member of the investigating
mttee Tuesday told witness Dave Beck president of the
Transfers Union:
"You represent than just the people of your inter
national here today the eyes of the public You
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
The H-Bomb Issue

In another move, which was
labeled in the West as a quick prop
uganda offensive to counterfeit the
effects Of the Bermuda meeting. the
Soviet Union suggested a TEN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
Around
The World

Britain moved to bring an end
TO the bloodshed of many months
in Cyprus last week. The Macmil-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-03
Schenectady Fans
Try to Save Club

SCHENECTADY, N. Y, Jan. 8
R.-A call for a mass meeting
OF fans of the Schenectady
Blue Jays has been issued in the
wake OF an announcement that
the team was quitting the Class
A Eastern Baseball League.
E. A. Palmer, manager of the
schenectady Chamber of Com
merce. said the meeting would
be held Tuesday.
Peter McNearney, team owner.
announced last night he was
withdrawing the team. He said
the club. 1856 league champion,
had suffered heavy financial
losses since 1858.
Tommy Richardson of Will
Transport. Pa, league president,
said he was sorry to see the team
leave the league but he did not
anticipate any difficulty in find
ing a replacement. He said
Elmira, N. Y, and Williamsport.
Pottstown and Allentown, Pa,
were anxious to pick up a
team"
Williamsport and Allentown
were in the league in 1856 but
their working agreements with
the Pittsburgh Pirates and st.
Louis Cardinals, respectively,
have been terminated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-03
THos. J. OWEN = SON. Aac.ionesT.
iii = 81. NV.

TWo.sToRY DETACHED STUccos
OvER.FRAME DWELLING BEING
KNOWN AS PREMISES NUMBER
20 VAN buren, STREET NORTH
BY virtue OF a certain deed Of trust
Folio II ct seq. OF the land rec
ords Of the District Of Columbia,
and a. the request Of the party
secured thereby, the undersigned
n u iTUn WI " b he'll p1 re- PSSe on nuf pRI
pay, THE FOURTH DAY OF
described land and premises, situate
In the District OF Columbia, and
crsecy'S subdivision 81 lots IN
Manor" as per plate recorded In
the. once Of the Surveyor for the
District Of Columbia. in hiber 20,
AZ Folio a subject to building
restriction lines and covenants OF
TERMS: sold subject to a prior
building association) deed Of trust
for approximately SIS. 2Bg. 81: fur
ther particulars OF which wiz be
announced ~ time Of sale; the
Be paid. In cash. A deposit OF $500
required. Conveyaneing, recording.
msnts made as q date Of sale.
Terms 70 be complied with within
thirty days, otherwise deposit for
advertised and resold at the discrs-
ton Of the trustees.
HOWARD. BERNsTEIN,
de22,26,20-ia2,3. Trustees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-03
AUCTION SALES
THOS. J. OWEN q SON, Auctioneers.
III Street NV

TRusTEEs' SALE OF VALUABLE
BRICK DWELLING BEING KNOWN
AS PREMISES NUMBER 1915
TENTH STREET NORTHWEST.
BY virtue OF q certain deed of trust
duly recorded. In Liber No. l05SS.
Folio 3e7 ct seo.. Of the land rec
ords OF the District Of Columbia.
and at the request OF the party Sc
cured thereby, the undersigned
puii Ion WI ~ hell pa re- RuSe nuf pR
DAY The FoURTfH DAY OF OF JAN
TAamiRITiY O'clock PM, the ioi-
lowing described land and premises,
situate in the District Of COLUMBIA,
and DESIGNATED as and being Lot
PSI In Hensey's subdivision Of lots
IN Square 3b2, as per plat recorded
District Of Columbia, IN Lihsr ~,
TERMS. Sold subject to a prior
building association deed Of trust
for approximately S6.633.l7. fur
ther particulars OF which will be
announced at time of sale; the
purchase price above said trust to
ne paid in cash. A deposit of 5000
required. Conveyancing. recording.
etc. at purchasers cost. Adjust
Terms to oe complied with within
thirty days, otherwise deposit for
feited and the property may be ad-
vertised and resold At the discretion
Of the trustees.
SAM WASSERMAN,
de21 20. 2S,29-ia3 Trustees.