davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
Proiries on Bottom of the Sea
By THOMAS r. HENRY

There are vast prairies at
the bottom Of the sea.
Large areas Of ocean floor
at depths from 10000 to 10000
feet are smooth, level plains.
This Is reported as a result
Of improved echo soundings by
the Woods Hole Oceano-
graphic Institution. The work
was made possible by a pre-
cision echo recording system
developed by the institutions
geophysicists. Many hitherto
unknown features Of the great
depths are being found, the
report says.
For example. 1t develops,
more than S million square
miles Of the Pacific basin,
equivalent to the combined
areas Of China and India, is
very smooth. Geophysicists, at
first enthusiastic about finding
new mountain ranges and in
dividual mountains, now have
become intensely interested in
these great level areas.
Discoveries From Echoes
There also are quite smooth
floors Of very deep valleys.
Such. 1t was found on a recent
institution exploration. is the
case Of the 21,150-foot-deep
Oriente Deep south Of Cuba.
1t has a fiat bottom sur
rounded by extremely rugged
topography. Small bumps from
6 to SO feet high on the bot
tom of the Florida Straits have
been found in various cross
section surveys of the Florida
current. 1t is not yet known
what they are or what they
signify.
Echo sounding" says the
report. has been used for
more than IS years as an aid
to navigation in shallow water.
But it was not until after
World War II that our ships
were fitted with continuously
recording devices able to
record the bottom thousands
Of fathoms deep.
This resulted in discovery
OF sea mountains, canyons.
deeps and even mountain
chains in the Pacific, while
inadequately known features
were charted in detail. Geo.
physicists soon found that
commercially available echo
saunders were not sufficiently
precise for their scientific re-
quirements. So both at Co.
lumbia University and at
Woods Hole precision record
ing equipment was developed.
Echo sounding. together with
other procedures, now has
evolved to the point where
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
THIS AND THAT
By Charles E. TRACEWELL

Playing the piano for the
mockingbird is much better
than trapping 1t.
As we have pointed out here
for years, these birds are bel
ligerent only for a time.
It Is impossible for them to
keep other birds away from
food all the time. The little
ones sneak In when the rest
less one flies away, as he does
every now and then.
Put yourself In the place Of
the little bird:
II you were hungry and
some bully drove you away
from good food. what would
you do?
II you couldn't lick him,
then you would try to outwit
him, and probably would sue
coed, since hunger is one of
the great drives Of all living
things.
Another bad point to trap
ping a bird, even for a good
cause, and even when it is not
used to kill, is that it sets a
very bad example for children.
When they trap. they hurt,
sometimes thoughtlessly. No
one should trap birds, except
those licensed to do SO.
We feel that a lnocker is too
fine a bird to be treated this
way. nor should one use crimi-
nal words in connection with
it, such as ride"
Our desire is not to lecture
anyone. but just to point out
the facts as we see them.
In this world today, with the
forces Of criminality plainly
gaining. 1t behooves every right
thinking person to think twice
before using slang crime
words. no matter how fetch
ing they seem. or how easily
they insinuate themselves into
our daily lives.
Nor should we patronize
plain criminals, II we know it.
A fine young man, q church,
man, gave his films to q Ger.
tain place to be developed
and printed. The owner Of the
establishment. meanwhile, was
charged with the possession Of
obscene films.
Templeton Jones suggested
that his friend take his films
someplace else. But the
place was handy. etc.
The upshot? Just as you
supposed-the man not only
kept on patronizing the place,
but thereafter became less and
less friendly with T. Jones,
ESQ.,. the man who dared to
point out to him what he
should do.
People don't like to be told
what they should do. do they?
Poor old Jones, he Just never
will learn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
AIerts Toxpoyers

The taxpayers in Fairfax
County. I feel, are beginning
finally to wake up and are 60
ing to demand one dollars
worth Of good efficient county
government for every tax dol
lar expended. Too long the
taxpayers have stayed asleep
and let the county officials do
whatever they want-to build
empires for themselves by rails
ing their salaries almost yearly
and hiring more employees to
supervise.
Our tax rate is just about
equivalent to Arlington Coun-
tvs tax rate and look at the
services Sewage, street lights,
garbage and trash collection)
provided for the residents as
compared to that in Fairfax.
To me this reflects only one
thing--mismanagement Of our
tax dollars. (Since we have
had our county executive form
Of government our taxes have
increased just about yearly
The taxpayer is beginning to
wake up Il am most happy to
relate). in the form of a new
organization called The Fair
fax County Taxpayers Associ-
alton" To me this organiza-
ton represents our only hope
to be heard by the county
government because divided
the taxpayers have fallen ev-
cry year and united we shall
stand.
I appeal to the Fairfax home
and property owner. who bears
the main tax burden year after
year: II you are tired Of be-
ing taxed. taxed, and taxed
more and more each year and
II you believe in economy and
efficient government, join the
Fairfax County Taxpayers AS
ISOLATION and fight with us. We
need your support. We believe
sincerely that the majority Of
taxpayers in Fairfax County
do not think or feel that an
increase in our taxes is neces-
sary: therefore, petitions are
being circulated not to increase
the tax rate-sign them, call
your supervisors and write let
tiers. (The next meeting OF the
Fairfax Taxpayers Association
will be held May 6. probably
at Fairfax Courthouse.)
L. D. Thompson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

certain observations at the
sea bottom are easier to OBJ
tain than similar ones on land.
Deep water photography
also has developed as a prac-
tical art and will be more and
more useful to marine geo.
physics and biology"
Among the mysteries still
unsolved, the report stresses,
is that of the scattering
layers" During the war it
was discovered that echoes
were received from unidenti-
fed targets at mid-depths.
Many investigators at many
laboratories since have studied
this phenomenon.
Early in the investigations
1t was found that some of the
layers moved down at sunrise
and towards the surface at
sunset. Others had the reverse
behavior. or stayed put. The
small shrimp-like euphausiids.
squid. larval fishes and deep
sea fishes all have been
considered as likely causes.
Perhaps all Of them play some
part. BY q combination Of
echo-sounding and deep-water
photography 1t now Is hoped
to trap the culprits. The
echoes indicate crescent
shaped organisms. but 1t now
has been determined that this
is an illusion, due to relative
movement between a ship and
the sound scatterers. Woods
Hole photographs already have
shown, simultaneously with
echo records, eight unidentified
fishes at depths of more than
5000 feet.
Enchanting to Behold
The versatile new instru-
mentS. says the Woods Hole
report. already have been used
on many cruises Of the insti-
tution's own ships, and now
have been developed so that,
however complicated in ap-
pearance. they can be operated
by someone who is not an
electronics expert. The records,
however, still are hard to in
terpret in many cases.
But no amount of trouble"
says the report, "can take away
from the utter enchantment
OF watching an unknown
mountain arise before ones
eyes. Although the echo
sounding trace does not show
us the actual contours, the
colors and the full view, this
is what the pathfinders of the
West must have felt as they
encountered new mountains.
Fortunately, oceanographers
do not have to scale their
newly discovered mountains"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
QuorreIs With Stokes

In his article of April II,
Thomas l.. Stokes failed to
mention that the Hells Can
yon VS.. Idaho Power Company
issue did not stop with the is
suance Of a license by the
Federal Power Commission to
the Idaho Power Company to
construct three dams on the
Snake River at Brownlee, Ok
bow and Hells Canyon rather
than having the Federal Gov
eminent construct one high
dam at Hells Canyon.
Mr.. Stokes failed to tell his
readers that the Court of APP
peals for the District of Column
bia upheld the decision of the
Federal Power Commission in
granting to the Idaho Power
Company the license to con-
struct the three dams, and
much more Importantly, Mr..
Stokes rejected advising his
readers that the highest court
In the land. the United States
Supreme Court. denied the
Hells Canyon Association (the
public power agency leading
the fight to have the one high
Federal dam constructed its
petition for writ Of certiorari
to review the decision. Of the
Court Of Appeals. thus uphold
ing the decision Of the lower
court and Of the Federal
Power Commission.
Mr.. Stokes only told, his
readers hah the story, giving
them the impression that
Sherman Adams is responsible
for the license being awarded
to the Idaho Power Company.
Surely. Mr.. Stokes will admit
that one man. Sherman
Adams. hardly holds such
power and influence over the
Supreme Court of the United
States. the majority of whose
members are Democrats.
The Hells Canyon issue is
closed. The Idaho Power
Company has begun construc-
ton Of the dams which will
produce the much-needed
power in the Northwest area
of our country long before the
high Federal dam could have
been completed-if Congress
ever appropriated funds for
such a dam, which it has
failed to do since l947.
Jean Mullany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
Bon Voyage

At sea now, Just out Of Plymouth,
England, is little l80-ton sailing vessel
whose name Is a very big one In our his
tory She is the Mayhower Ia reason
ably faithful reproduction of the leak
ing, unwholesome ship" that sailed from
the same place on September 6, 1920,
and landed So days later at what came
to be known as Plymouth, Massachusetts,.
When the original Mayfiower set out
for the New World with the Pilgrims,
she had l02 passengers and crew Of
between 20 and Is men. She experienced
hard going in many fierce storms" and
all on board, including women and chill
dren, suffered discomfortS that most Of
us today can hardly imagine. But there
were only two deaths before the landing,
and these we're Offset by the birth Of
two boys, one named Oceanus and the
other Peregrine. The worst rigors began
after the voyage ended, but they were
not severe enough to stop the enterprise
from becoming one Of history's greatest
colonizing successes. There were giants
In those days, male and female alike.
No pioneers are aboard the new May
llOWeI, OHly u Grew VI % eAperleIlCeu
sailors who hope to arrive at our Plym-
outh about six weeks from now Together
with these men, however, the ship cit
has been built and paid for by Britons
as a gift and gesture of good will to
our country serves to remind us in
timely fashion Of our historic past and
the unique cloSeness of Anglo-American
ties. May 1t have smooth sailing all
the way over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

Thanks for taking up the
cudgels for the Ellipse in your
editorial. mot the Ellipse."
However. why not include La
fayette Square? To erect a
modern Office building there is
equally preposterous.
1t seems to me that the
White House deserves q better
fate than to be hemmed in by
big Office buildings on every
side. Its front at least should
not be sacrificed to demoniac
ruthlessness.
We owe that much to Amer
lean history and to the mil
lions Of annual visitors who
come to revel in the beauty OF
their Capital.
C. G. Van Schelven.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

Recently we carried an ar
ticle here praising the robin
song.
Now comes z. r. Of WASH
ington Grove. Md, to say much
the same for the mockingbird,
with variations:
I've read lots Of columns
about the Knockers. but ! don't
believe that anyone has writ
ten about how they love music.
I'VE have one that sings
every time he hears the radio
playing. He perches on the
window sill. looking In and
sings.
That is not nearly as thrill
ing. however. as having him
sit on the porch railing look
ing through the open door
while I play the piano.
y + 4
II heard him this morning
out there, so / opened the door
and started to play softly. and
! never heard anything in this
world as sweet as the sounds
he gave out with.
He got louder and louder
and kept it up for some time
until ! just can't describe how
I felt at having such an artist
sing to my accompaniment.
Some nights in the summer.
when there's a full moon, he
will sing half the night.
Il heard him once singing
very softly at o'clock in the
morning.
He may seem greedy and
chase other birds from the
holly tree and feeder, but !
love him with his faults.
Tell me. is it unusual for
birds to sing when they hear
music?
II notice the wrens sing
louder and longer If they hear
the sound Of a piano.
From Mockingbird Hill.
Sincerely. etc."
Here is another way to treat
the mockingbird. Correspond
ent A. p. writes:
I'VE noticed that the birds
were afraid to eat when the
mocker arrived on the scene
and 1t was pathetic to see the
cardinals and sparrows In the
shrubs above the feeding area.
I'VE simply took the mock
ers for q ride. A seedflat with
a wire bottom used for sitting
dirt was propped up with a
stick at one end to which q
cord was tied leading to the
house.
when Mr.. Mocker got I'M
der 1t to eat he was caught.
"A cardboard was showed in
under it and he was carried
to the car and turned loose
about 5 miles away.
"A second one was also given
a ride some time later and the
one that feeds now gets along
with the hirds"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

wood track brake which is
forced down on the rails, and
an emergency metal slot"
brake which drops into the
cable opening and holds fast.
The cars can be stopped in one
car-length on any grade.
@. Are the names Freeman
and Freedman of the same
origin?-L. F.
A. No. Freeman is an
English name, meaning the
free man. or one who owned
land, but was not Of noble
birth. Freedman. Friedman,
and Friedman are German
names, meaning descendant Of
Friduman. and referring to
peace and security (Friede).
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
Grounded
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry Driters' correct
names and addresses. An
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24
Walter S. Quinn.

1 nave been a subscriber to
your excellent newspaper for
more than so years and regard
1t as one Of the best in the
country, clean. dependable and
usually giving an impartial.
unbiased coverage OF the facts
In the news. But your editorial
Its Still Junk Mail" is most
unkind, unfair. misleading and
intolerant. 1t fails to state
pertinent facts and your criti-
cism is merely q continuation
OF the efforts of newspapers
IN general to destroy competi-
tive advertising media.
The organized and selfish
objections of the press to the
"Simplifled Form OF Address:
Patron Cor Householder, City
Letter-carrier Route, Local."
compelled the Post Office De-
partment to discontinue the
acceptance Of mail addressed
In such a way. This has
happened twice - recently
under the present administra-
ton and some 20 years ago
when Jim Farley was POST
master General.
The alternative simplified
address: Occupant" with
street and number, name of
post Office and state, or the
word Local" is a complete,
definite address, Just as much
so as Post Office Box No. -"
or merely BOX No. -" widely
used by the public in answer
ing newspaper advertisements.
The Star gets hundreds OF
letters so addressed in its care.
This practice has been fol-
lowed for over half a century
and is advantageous to all
concerned. The word "Occu-
pant" or owner" in lieu OF
the name of an individual or
firm has been widely used by
city and other authorities
when mailing water. gas, and
similar bills. notices, etc. SUBJ
stantial savings result to the
mailers and the postal service
In the maintenance Of mall
ing Lists and the reduction Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

@. How many people now
live in trailers?-J. S.
A. Some 3 million people
are now living in about / mil
lion mobile homes (house
trailers). according to recent
estimates. There are about 300
manufacturers in the house
trailer industry. which had
total sales last year Of around
$500 million.
@. What kind Of brakes are
used on San Francisco's cable
cars?-P. T.
A. These cars have triple
sets Of brakes to assure hold
ing on grades that may reach
Is degrees. There are shoes
over the wheels. . 26-inch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-24

4uEcC CilcCIS lOT Tic SACel-
lent editorial. Its Still Junk
Mail" (Star, April 18). For the
taxpayer to be called upon to
subsidize such unwanted junk
which has only nuisance value
is beyond reason. Besides this
it is an imposition to add this
load to the already heavy bur-
dens Of our mail delivery men.
And why all the uproar over
a skipped Saturday delivery
and curtailed service? Why
doesn't anyone think Of the
obvious solution to the short
age Of funds continued
curtailment of service until
the deficit is wiped out and a
balance established between
funds available and services to
be rendered? Why do we de-
mand as our right what we do
not make possible for the p. o.
to afford? It is just like telling
your butcher that you are pay
ing him for hamburger but
you want him to deliver a
prime rib roast. Are we Ameri-
cans getting so accustomed to
spending more than we have
that 1t is becoming normal to
live on borrowed money? It is
certainly worth more than 3
cents % have & letter picked
up. handed. and delivered so
Why the Bis objection 10 rais-
ing the postal rate9 With half
the ingenuity and know-fow
that Americans are supposed
to have our postal department
could be put on a pay-as-you-
60 basis.
Your attack on Junk mail"
obviously was written by
someone who has not studied
the facts.
The Post ONCE Department
has never offered clear proof
that third class bulk mail is
not paying its way. In fact.
third class bulk mail must be
delivered to the post Office UNI
der stringent regulations thus
saving great deal Of money
on pickup and sorting. Also.
third class bulk mail does not
get the preferential treatment
OF first class mail. It is prob
able that a close cost analysis
would show that third class
bulk mail does pay its way un-
der present rates.
In addition. you say "occu-
pant" mail is unnecessary,
This type of direct mail adj
vertising serves many a small
business in limited areas which
can not afford large daily
newspaper advertising. The
fact that it is an economical
means Of advertising used by
many firms bellies the epithet
junk.
Walter s. Quinn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25

under the backboards," chimed
in Bill Sharman.
Boston holds To margin over
st. Louis in regular season play
and the losses were by one and
two points.
The Hawks won the Western
Division despite playing below
500 ball (34-38). From a Won
lost standpoint, st. Louis is the
fifth best club in an eight-team
league.
After victories by 10 and IS
point margins, the Celts came
through in the clutch yesterday.
Sharman hit long jump shot,
Heinsohn made a terrific layup
of a missed Cousy try and Rus
sell brought down two rebounds
of Syracuse shots in the last
minute to salt away the series.
The first two games of the
.1nal playoffs are scheduled here
Saturday and Sunday with the
second two in either st. Louis
or Minneapolis. A fifth game,
If necessary, will be played here,
"a sixth in the Western City and
"a seventh here. Saturdays
opener will be nationally tele-
vised (WRC-TV. Channel in
Washington, 2::3O PM.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
.Ce|tics Hoping
To Play Hawks
In NBA Finals

BOSTON. Mar. Is (R. The
rampaging Boston Celtics -
blessed with the greatest rookie
tandem in National Basketball
Association history-today eyed
favorably the prospect of meet
ing st. Louis in the playoff finals.
With its pressure-loving first
year men Bill Russell and Tommy
Heinsohn in key roles, the Celts
defeated Syracuse, 1890, yester-
day for a three-game sweep of
their semiflnal series.
For the sweep. Heinsohn led
the scoring with 81 points while
Russell hauled in "a rebounds.
After st. Louis edged Mime
apolis. 106-l04, yesterday on Bob
Pettits II points in the final five
minutes to take a commanding
20 lead in the best-of-five series,
the Celtics were happy.
The Hawks will play at Min
neapolis tonight in the third
game of the Western Division
semifinal.
The conversation of Playmaker
Bob Cousy brought about a
unanimous opinion-the Celts
would rather play st. Louis than
Minneapolis.
"St. Louis has the desire and
it's desire which wins playoffs, !"
Cousy said. But the Minneapolis
court is bad for our style of play
because it is narrower" he added.
THE Lakers have better shooting
and more heft."
"St. Louis is not as strong
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Porker-G Five
Leaves Tomorrow
For tournament

coach Arnold Thurmond OF
Parker-Gray will take his en-
tire l0-man basketball squad to
Nashville where the unbeaten
Alexandrians will compete in the
National High School Invita-
tional tournament for Negro
schools at Tennessee All Thurs
day and Friday.
The team. whose trip is being
financed by contributions from
civic organizations and individ-
uals, will depart from the Alex
andria Union Station at 8:18
a m. tomorrow. William Pitts,
Parker-Gray principal. Thur
mond and Albert Anderson
manager. will accompany the
team.
The squad. which is unbeaten
IN 81 games over the last two
years and has won three STRAIGHT
virginia 1nterscholastic Associa-
ton titles, are ROLAND Scott
Perry Lyles, William Thompson
John Price and Walter Griffin
composing the starting five. Also
making the trip are Jasper Belk,
Leroy Butler. Joe Marshall. Cliff
lord Harris and Russell Fisher.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Seven Champions
Crowned in CYO
Basketball PIuy

Seven basketball teams reign
as champions today-the kings
and queens from among 1872
teams that saw action in the
Catholic Youth Organization S
expansive program this season.
Nativity. Blessed Sacrament.
Our Lady of Lourdes and st.
Ambrose won titles in leagues
for boys. while st. Jeromes.
Blessed Sacrament and st. Mar
tins scored in girls play in the
seasons climax yesterday at
Catholic University.
Two foul shots by Bob Oden-
valid IN the last two seconds of
an overtime period gave Nativity
a 50-49 victory over Little Flower
in the senior boys championship.
Regulation time ended with the
score tied at 47-47 and all points
in the overtime were made from
the foul line. Odenwald led
Nativity and Tom Sheehan was
nigh for Little Flower, each with
Is points.
ST. Jerome's took the girls
senior championship, 1888. but
had to withstand a late attack
by Blessed Sacrament. which
trailed at one time by Is points.
In other boys games, Blessed
Sacrament won the intermediate
crown, 1872. over st. Michael's;
Our Lady of Lourdes beat Mount
Calvary, 1926, for the junior
crown. and ST. Ambrose defeated
Nativity, 22-l5. in the midget di-
vision. In the girls division. il
was Blessed Sacrament taking
the intermediate crown, 1928,
over Our Lady Of Lourdes and
st. Martins outscoring St. AIMS,
1920. for the junior title.
officials estimated that a total
OF 5000 fans roved in and out
OF the Gu gym throughout the
day to see their favorites.