davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Mrs. Lanes Chorqes

Many people were shocked
to read the account of Mrs.
Helen Lanes statement to the
subcommittee of Congress
holding hearings on Federal
aid to education. Mrs. Lane
recounted charges Of extrava-
gance and mismanagement on
the part Of the Arlington
County school administration.
Irrespective of the merits OF
such charges. why such a
statement to a committee of
Congress? And while the con-
tinuance of a million and a
quarter dollars annual pay
ment TO Arlington may be in
the balance! Is this an appeal
to the Federal Government to
take over management of our
schools; or is it an appeal to
withdraw the million and a
quarter dollars q year in MAIN
tenance and operation money?
II would take 40 cents on the
tax rate to replace this money
--$25 year on the average
homeowner's tax bill.
In my years on the Airing
ton School Board / learned
to expect irresponsible and
senseless attacks on CUR
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
TO the Lobors of Peace

The Senate will be acting for the
good of the Nation and the world if it
responds affrmatively to President Eisen-
hower'S request for early ratification of
the statute of the International Atomic
Energy Agency. For this historic docu-
ment, which has been signed by 80
countries, including our own and Russia,
is blueprint for cooperation of a sort
that can play major role in promoting
the peace and economic betterment of
all mankind.
AS the President has explained it in
his message to the Senate, the project
which stems from his famous 1853 atoms
for-peace address to the United Nations
is one through which the participating
powers may safely pool their knowledge
and skill for the advancement of all;
from which all may draw knowledge,
advice and nuclear fuel to aid their indi-
vidual efforts in developing the atom for
peaceful employment" It's primary pur-
pose, in short, is to improve the material
Well-being of peoples everywhere, while
at the same time fostering habits of
international collaboration aimed at
leashing the dogs of war and establishing
Just and enduring system of collective
security throughout the world.
Some Senators, however, have voiced
fears that such an enterprise might work
against the security of the United States.
But Mr.. Eisenhower has been at pains to
emphasize that the agency's statute does
not obligate us to disclose secret infor-
nation and that great care has been
exercised to insure that fashionable
material will be safeguarded to prevent
its diversion to any military purpose"
To that end, all the Signatory powers have
agreed to set up an elaborate supervisory
system, including thorough international
inspection. This would apply to every
aspect of the organizations use of nuclear
fuels, and the President has made clear
that our country will contribute its share
OF those fuels only when as and if the
safeguards are put into effect
So the Senate, although it will and
should closely scrutinize the statute now
before it, is not likely to find anything
seriously wrong with it. On the con-
trary, in basic detectives at least, this
is project in which everything seems so
right that overwhelming ratification
ought to be foregone conclusion. And
the sooner this is forthcoming, as the
President has said, the better chance the
world will have to avert war and harness
the atom to the laborS of peace"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Nearby Virqinio CoIIeue

IL is evident that Northern Virginia
Is determined to have permanent uni
versity branch, with or without the CO.
operation of the University of Virginia.
The intention is made clear in the agree
ment by the several nearby Jurisdictions
to set up joint board to arrange for
such a center of higher education. The
board has been authorized to deal with
the University of Virginia or any other
institution interested in sponsoring the
center. OF course, the Charlottesville
university is the logical one to establish
permanent branch in this area, for
1t already is operating a successful tenn
porary branch at Washington High
School, in Arlington.
However, doubt has arisen recently
as to the willingness of the University
OF Virginia to cooperate with the nearby
communities in their plan for placing
the branch near Springfield in Fairfax
County. A University of Virginia COM
mittee is opposed to this site and has
urged, instead, location near Herndon.
But governmental officials In the nearby
areas and a majority Of students of the
branch at Westinghouse High contend
that the Herndon site is too far from
the more heavily populated sections of
Northern Virginia and hence would be
inconvenient for the students-none of
whom would live on the campus Efforts
to prevail on the university to approve
the Springfield site so far have been
fruitless.
Action is necessary, as the present
branch must vacate the high school
quarters before long. We hope the con-
trpversy over sites will be resolved salts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
The Cross at CoIuvryto

1t has been 1856 years since Arch
bishop GermanoS raised the standard of
the Cross at Calavryta as the signal for
a revolt of the Greek people against
four centuries of Ottoman rule. 1t was
movement that had been long develop
Ing, traceable not only to a deep and
natural desire of the Greeks themselves
for new history of freedom and indie
pendence but stimulated by inspiration
drawn from the American and French
revolutions. The struggle that followed
lasted almost eight years, reaching its
end only when Britain France and Rus
STA interviewed on the side of the Greek
people. In October, 1927, their combined
fleets destroyed Turkish-E Egyptian naval
force at Navarino and liberation was as
sured. BY the Convention of London in
1882, Greece emerged as an independent
kingdom.
The freedom that was so dearly
bought has been imperiled since then
IN our own time by the Nazi-Fascist
armies of World War II and later by the
military and political aggression of COM
munism. But again the spirit of Greece,
supported once more by outside powers
most effectively by Britain and the United
StateS-served to protect its independ-
ence. Not since its ancient times has
Greece been major power in military
sense OF the term. But never since the
Cross went up at Calavryta has it been
less than major power in terms of
courage and the spiritual hardihood of
It's people In world where the forces
of freedom never cease to have enemies,
Greece has found that its own strength
does not lack defenders and friends from
the outside.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Many years ago, an irate
resident called the police at S
o'clock in the morning to say
that a robin was keeping the
family awake by pecking at
the dining room window.
y
Birds which assault vim
dows in this fashion usually
give up the practice in a few
days.
They will not hurt them
selves in any way.
The fluttering and noise be-
comes a nuisance to the indoor
ear. but the mind behind the
ear should know that the noise
will not persist,
Just how long it will con-
tinue is another matter.
Some correction may be at
tempted by rubbing a cleaning
compound of some type over
the glass. to break up the
reflection.
Strips OF paper hung down
from the middle sill may serve
the purpose.
The trouble is that the bird
may then go to another win
dow, and keep up the attack.
Blue JAYS have been known
to fight their own reflections
in the shiny hub caps of
motor cars.
Another theoretical danger
to birds in winter is the metal
feeding station.
There is some chance. it is
said. that the feet may freeze
TO the metal.
Apparently this does not
happen very often. because
birds are always on the go.
hopping and flying at will, as
their rather nervous setup
dictates.
We may suppose that nature
takes rather good care of them.
in the main, except where
human agencies try to blot
them out, for one reason or
another.
Their natural tendency to
fly at the slightest noise or
movement saves them a thou
sand times each year.
One of the real dangers to
birds in migration time is the
very bright light. which APP
parently exerts fatal fascina-
ton. This is probably due to
the effect of the herd in
stinct. which means that when
a leader crashes. the rest OF
them do, too.
In the main. the birds are
very safe in nature. if man let's
them alone.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25

! nominate Pulitzer prize
winner Thomas L. Stokes for
another Pulitzer prize for his
column "On Restricting News
Coverage.' Mr.. Stokes admin
listers severe yet tender
spanking to Mr.. James Hag-
erty-the nearest thing, !
thought. TO proper woodshed
therapy.
Mr. Stokes has noticed. as
so many Of us have noticed
that Jim Hagerty is now the
White House press agent
plus He speaks of him as
the Presidents press secrc.
tary who has become so much
more
On many occasions MIR.
Hagerty has issued his own
statements and pronounce
ments on issues national and
international in Importance
with a f1nality and authority
almost akin to that exercised
by the President - and got
away with it. He has met some
OF the current crises with
frontal attacks so decisive that
one was tempted to ask. Has
Jim Hagerty been elevated to
the post Of Assistant President,
and. If so, when? And why
hasn't he shared the good
news with the gentlemen of
the press? Besides, we the
people would like to be told
also.
In effect, Tom Stokes bril-
liant column asks that ques-
ton, and 1t is very often more
constructive 10 ask pertinent
questions than to try to give
answers.
Il. g. Bercnvick
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
NATO as ConciIiotor

The North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
ton has a vested interest in seeking
a resolution of the Cyprus issue. Three
OF its memberS-Britain, Greece and
Turkey-have been at such odds in the
long dispute over the political future
OF the Mediterranean crown colony that
effectiveness of NATO itself, at least in
that area, is seriously impaired The use
fulneSS OF Cyprus as a Western defense
base has been jeopardized by terrorism
on the island as well as by the inter-
governmental tensions Greek and Turk
iSh relations have deteriorated to a point
where their own alliance is virtually
meaningless. There is ground for some
hope, therefore, in the offer of the Is
member group to attempt the role of
conciliator in the controversy and in
Britain'S announced readiness to accept
this proposal. Greece and Turkey would
have little to lose if anything, by fol-
lowing the same course Thus, it is to
be hoped that initial reports of Greek
rejection are not correct
Meanwhile, Britains Colonial Sec
rotary Alan Lennox-Boyd has announced
that his government is ready to end the
exile of Archbishop Makarios, leader Of
the Cypriot with-Greece move
ment, If he will issue clear statement
calling for an end to the terrorist move
ment on the island. For approximately
a year, the nationalist underground has
made war on the British authorities and
has brought retaliation on itself. Nothing
has been proved and solution has been
made only more difficult. EOKA, the
underground organization, has proposed
a truce by which it would end its vio-
lence If the archbishop is released-the
difference between the two proposals
appearing to be only which action should
take place first. 1t would be unneceS-
sarily tragic if a compromise cannot
be reached on this step, and some prog
ress sought toward resolving the real
issue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Right to Work Laws

The Star on March 13 car
ried on the editorial page a
letter entitled "Unionized
Stand" and signed by Thomas
F. Knott, Financial Secretary,
Central Labor Union, Alexan-
dria, Arlington and Fairfax
Counties. I am not in accord
with Mr.. Knots views, which
feel to be very biased on the
union side. and would like to
present my ideas.
Mr.. Knott states that right
to work" laws are immoral. DO
litical and antiunion. l am
willing to admit this up to a
certain point. There is little
question that many of these
laws. passed or proposed for
action by the legislatures of
our various States. have been
sponsored by politicians who
wished to straddle the issue,
and appease one side without
alternating the support of the
other. AS a result, we have
some double-t talking gobbledy-
cook which is neither under
standable nor enforceable. On
the other hand. some States
have passed laws that are in
telligently worded and quite
capable of protecting individ-
ual applicants for employment
against the would-be coercion
and extortion of the unions
The right to work" laws
are essentially a protection
against the CLOSED shop" and
"checkoff" clauses that most
unions attempt to have writ
ten into their contracts. If the
unions are so advantageous to
their members. why do they
need a clause excluding nom
union members from employ
ment. and why can they not
expect voluntary payment of
dues by members? These
clauses are undoubtedly very
valuable to Mr.. Knott. who
can sit in his Office and wait
Tor new members to come to
him. instead of going out and
campaigning for them: he also
receives union dues in global
checks from employer firms.
with a list Of members from
whom they were withheld. in
stead OF standing at the pay
window or exit gate and COL
lectlng from each individual
member. But the fact that the
union forces these clauses on
the employers is not a favor
to the union membership but
a tacit admission of weakness
on the part of the union: il
cannot maintain its dictatorial
power without this artificial
forced support.
Mr.. Knott claims that anti
closed shop laws support the
claims of the individual against
the organized union majority
OF employees. This may be true
IN the case of single appli-
cant for a job. but over a pc
ROD OF time applicants for Jobs
may far outnumber the union
membership of the plant or
shop. Then the union members
become a minority. In any
case. statistics show a total
union membership for the
United States OF less than "a
million, or less than one-third
OF the total votes cast for
Eisenhower and Stevenson in
1852 and less than one-eighth
OF the estimated present popu-
lation OF the United States,
The unions are therefore still
a very definite minority, Mr.
Knott to the contrary. ana
recent investigations of the
Longshoremen'S Union and
presently of the Transfers
Union at least indicate the pos
sible extremes to which the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Fills Us In

The Stars articles by Charles
Brooks relating to rotary dem
tistry were most interesting
and we'll written. 1t is pos
Sible. however. that the reader,
as a result of this new
knowledge" could develop con-
siderable apprehension about
what the dentist is doing to a
tooth.
should merely like to point
out that the pulp reaction" to
drilling is not unknown to the
profession. Pulp reactions land
recovery are an everyday &C.
currence due to hot and cold
fluids entering the mouth, ex-
cess biting pressure. decay,
low-Speed drilling. and many
other types of injury" DR..
Swerdlow of the National In
stitutes of Health. in his very
valuable studies. was pointing
out that the tooth is a living
tissue and must be treated with
respect. The injury he cited
could occur even at low speeds
If 1t were not for the technical
skill and judgment used by the
dentist. 1t all serves to accent
the little-appreciated fact that
filling a tooth is more than a
mere mechanical procedure.
If I may interject another
thought: Drilling" a tooth
and "wiping away" tooth sub
stance are not identical tech
niques. One involves consider
able pressure. hence heat; the
other no pressure and little or
no heat. They should be con-
sidered accordingly.
When l was interviewed dur
ing the dental convention, /
assumed that all the high
speed devices would be mem
toned. l was actually embar-
raised to find only my name
being used in the articles. To
give proper difference to others
in this field, l should like to
point out that the use of tur-
blnes, in a broad sense, is not
new to dentistry. Such use
goes back to 1875. Recently,
the turbine operating on water
was developed by DR.. Robert
Nelson, formerly of the Bureau
OF Standards, and Mr.. George
Kern of Arlington. Va. The
Navy Dental School has been
investigating air turbine" APP
plications for some time. The
articles written unfortunately
gave the impression that my
air turbine was the only one.
In the interest of fairness
and comprehensive reporting.
! do hope you find it possible
to publish this letter.
John v. Borden. DDS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
Press Attache.
Embassy of Egypt.
BroyhiH and Burke

Wnen any mention OF the
proposed Burke Airport comes
up on the floor of the Senate
or the House, the Maryland
Senators and Representatives
will Immediately, and in fiery
terms, condemn this plan and
periodically praise Baltimore S
Friendship Airport.
A strange contrast, however.
appears in Joel T. Broyhill
representative OF Virginia S
10th congressional district.
He blasts the Burke site which
would greatly help the finances
OF Fairfax County that is now.
mainly because of its greatly
improved schools. deep in
debt. Next. he half-heartedly
suggests a site at Belmont Bay
in Prince William County, with
Fairfax County getting all of
the disadvantages and Prince
William County all of the help.
On February 81. at a meeting
OF the Springfield Civic Asso-
citation, he made complete
about-face. saying that he
didn't care whether the plan
was approved or not.
Mr. Broyhill also said, in
effect, that he didn't care what
the petitions--the voice of the
people to their duly elected
representatives-said, and that
he felt that he knew what was
best for his district.
Mr.. Broyhill should. if he
seeks to carry out the duties
of his Office. find out what the
people want. If he does this,
/ am sure he will find an over
whelming majority of the peo-
pie he swore to represent last
January 3. in favor of the
Burke Airport plan.
Jared Cameron.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25

A kind person is worried
about picture windows and
birds.
She says that if there are
two opposed windows, or a
mirror across the room from
one big window. the songbirds,
especially at migration time,
will crash to their doom.
If this is SO. and We do not
say it is not, the remedy would
be to take the mirror away.
or to close the curtains or
blinds at one of the windows.
Either of these procedures
would break up the pathway
of light and reflection of the
great outdoors which the fly
ing bird sees.
This column has never had
letter detailing the death of
a bird in this manner, but this
is not to say it doesn't occur
Certainly the songbirds now
and then fly into the side Of
houses. to their death.
They will be found on the
ground. otter with crushed
bill. or blood at the base of it
In our own limited expert
ence. We have observed car
dinal, bobwhite, and starting
perish in this way.
These mishaps occur when a
bird miscalculates his distance.
in some way or other.
No doubt they are no more
immune from making mistakes
than the rest of US. In the air.
however. their instincts mostly
lead them Alright.
1t is only the occasional bird.
Of any species. which flies into
a house. Mostly this is done in
rounding the corner. when the
bird apparently cuts too close.
s.
Upon several occasions birds
have flown into full-length
screens.
They make a resounding
thump, which may be heard all
over the house, but the flyers
do themselves no injury, except
TO be startled by the accident.
as well they might.
Various birds have entan-
gled themselves with lengths
of yarn put out at nesting
time. so If this practice is in
dulged in, the yarn lengths
should be very short.
Birds often see their re-
Elections in bright windows.
and assume. apparently. that
they are seeing a rival, hence
they begin an attack.
This fighting the reflection
amazes most people. and these
often call up to know what to
do about It.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25

@. Why does the word "fee"
mean money?-W. Y.
A. The word is an ancient
one. its variants in several
early languages all meaning
cattle" or money" or both.
Cattle and wealth we're syn
onymous. and cattle were used
for barter. The Anglo-Saxon
feoh. the Teutonic fehu. and
the Latin pecu and pecunia
tcattle, money all stem from
this fact. In Middle English.
fee house" meant both a
cattle-shed and a treasury.
@. Where are the worlds
oldest rocks foundp--G. A.
A. The oldest rocks now
known are In southeastern
Manitoba In Canada, In central
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25
V|STAS IN SCIENCE
A Project to Make Bad Land Good
By THOMAS r. HENRY

be expanded into a major re-
search program during the
coming year.
The United States itself has
more than a million square
miles of arid and semi-arid
lands. Much of this area might
be reclaimed. Hence this
country has taken a lively in
terest in the program since its
inception. The UNESCO arid
zone project is guided by a
Seven-man advisory committee
of prominent desert scientists.
DR.. c. Warren Thornthwaite
of the Laboratory of Climatol-
ogy in Centerton, N. j., is the
present United States member.
A number of American univer-
sites and the Departments Of
Agriculture and of the Interior
are cooperating.
UNESCO will maintain a
clearing house for information
and plans relating to research
on publication of sea water.
Investigations in this field are
moving at a rapid pace both in
this country and in France,
Great Britain, India. Israel
and the Netherlands. AS i'm
proved means are found to re-
move salts from the sea or
highly mineralized inland
waters, the whole concept of
limits on water used IN ir-
rigated and coastal regions
may be changed. The use of
brackish water by both plants
and animals will receive spe-
cial attention.
Irrigation New to Us
This country has had rela-
lively little experience in arid
land research. Irrigation has
a short history here by COM
parison with countries in the
Middle East. Consequently, as
UNESCO points out, American
farmers have not had to
face to anything like the same
extent the problems of drain
age and alteration of soil
structure which have a pro-
found effect on the perma-
nency of agriculture in other
parts of the world. Informa-
ton on soil modification under
arid and semiarid land-use
practices will be a special
subject for international re-
view.
Accelerated research on the
selection, breeding and use OF
plants suited to arid conditions
will be encouraged at stations
being set up in Egypt and the
Middle East. 1t may be ex-
pected, says a UNESCO state
ment. .that from experiments
and studies at these stations
will come new ideas and plants
that may be applied to arid
zones in the United States,
now largely useless for agri-
culture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-25

Sweden. in southwest Africa,
and in northern Karelia in
Soviet Russia. These are all
over 2 billion years old. The
oldest rocks in the United
States are in Keystone. South
Dakota. These are believed 10
be .460, 100000 years old.
O. What is the best type
of bed for a cat?--L. L,
A. Cats usually choose the
place they prefer to sleep. Any
clean and dry box or basket
will make a good bed. but
many cats have favorite places
such rs a chair. the back OF
a sofa, or the top of some high
piece Of furniture. A cat should
never be confined to a cellar
or to a closet.