davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
CAMBRIDGE

OontInueo from First Page
DR.. Whipple said the sun
obscures observation Of the
satellite in all parts Of the
world except near the poles.
In two or three weeks, he
added, the satellite might
change direction and be visible
from the earth.
Some 80 moon watchers.
members Of the earth satellite
optical tracking program in the
Western Hemisphere and ia
pan notified to cease obserya-
ton duties after the scientists
determined the path Of the
satellite.
An astronomer. who declined
use Of his name. said it was
obvious that the Russians chose
the sun plane angle deliberately
in order to thwart observation
BY scientists outside the Iron
Curtain.
Nevertheless reports of see
ing the artificial moon were re-
ceived at the observatory.
Spoilers reported sighting it
over Terre Haute, Ind: CO.
lumbus. Ohio. and at Whittier,
San Francisco and Walnut
Creek.
Fletcher @. Watson. Harvard
asst onomer. explained recently
that approximately "a million
visible meteors enter the earth's
atmosphere every day and that
under ideal conditions a single
observer might see as many as
10 in an hour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

given for those attending 9
special conference Of the 10y.
DR.. Berkner, who Is the re-
porter on. earth satellites and
rockets for q special committee
OF the ICY. said he had learned
from q press dispatch Of the
Russian announcement.
He offered his congratuia-
tons. while DR.. A. A. Blagon-
ravov and other Soviet scien-
lists at the party beamed in
appreciation.
DR.. Berkner said American
teams organized to spot arti-
ficial satellites were immedi-
ately being called into action
TO look for the Russian moon.
Remarkable Achievement
In another recognition Of So.
Wet success. DR.. Joseph Kaplan
chairman Of the United States
National Committee for ICY
said:
Il am amazed that in the
short time which they had tc
plan-obyiously not any longer
than we had-I think 1t was .
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
$3.50 Million Issue
Planned by AT&T

American Telephone a. Tele-
graph Co. has proposed to the
Securities and Exchange Com
mission a $3.50 million Offering
Of 26-year debentures. due in
1888.
The company yesterday pro-
posed 10 offer these securities
for public sale at competitive
bidding. II told SEC 1t will
use the proceeds for making
advances to subsidiary and as
ISOLATED telephone companies
for the purchase Of stock In
such companies, and for addi-
tons and improvements 70 ID
Iproperties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

remarkable achievement on
their part.
From the point Of view Of
international corporation the
important thing Is that a sat-
elite has been launched. They
did It and did It first.
Il hope they give us enough
information so that our noon
watch teams can help learn the
scientific benefits"
Noting reports that the sat-
elite was % inches across and
weighed about 1855 pounds, DR..
Kaplan said: This is really
fantastic and that If they can
launch that. they can launch
much heavier ones"
Knew Launching Was Near
The objective Of the satel.
lttes is to CLEAN new informal
ton about the earth, the
weather, the sun and the uni
verse.
At the cocktail party, de.
lighted Russian scientists of
fered one and all toasts in
vodka to the achievement.
DR.. Blagonravov said that he
had known when he came here
that the launching was planned,
that his fellow Russians we're
about ready to shoot the baby
moon into space.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Satellite

Continued From First Par,
ates said June Is the first would
be sent aloft within the Geo.
physical Year.
| At the same time they pro.
tested they were not in Q race
with the United States to be
first. But the propaganda value
Of being the first is great in
these days when many ratlons
are inclined to choose between
the two leading powers of the
world.
The Tass announcement said
the Russians plan to launch
several even heavier earth
satellites in the next year.
It reported the satellite is
fitted with radio transmitters
sending continuous signals to
earth on the IS and 7.5-meter
wave lengths. It added the sig
mails could be received easily by
amateurs.
The announcement said the
satellite was appearing over
Moscow this morning but gave
no other points on the course.
Checking on Trajectory
A Moscow radio broadcast
said Soviet scientific stations
still are trying to determine
the satellites exact trajectory
The scientists were running
into difnculty because the den
sity Of the ratified upper strata
at the great height Of $50 miles
is not definitely known. They
said the satellite will burn up
when 1t settles into denser
layers.
The FIRST Tass announcement
said the flight will be observed
In the rays Of the rising and
setting sun with the aid of the
simplest optical instruments
such as binoculars and spy
glasses"
Tass said the launching was
planned in accordance with the
program Of ICY.
"As a result Of the intensive
work by research institutes and
designing bureaus, Tass said
"the first artificial earth satel-
lite in the world has now been
created.
This first satellite was sue
cessfully launched in the
iUSSR on october T."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
SIGNALS HEARD
BY RADIO HANS
IN DISTRICT AREA

The Russian earth satel.
lite was heard loud and
clear by Washington area
ham radio operators last
night, sending out its mes
sage. $500 - .....
= tive dashes. pause, two
dashes. pause. five dashes,
pause. two dashes).
The signals are for
tracking purposes only and
Hash their way to the earth
every IS minutes, lasting
for about four minutes at
q time on 10000 ana 2O.oOs
megacycles.
Almost any kind Of short
wave receiver can pick up
the signals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Scientist Says
|U.S.Cou|dHav
Fired Satellite

HUNTSVILLE. Ala, oct. 3
R.--A Redstone Arsenal SCI
enlist last night said he be-
lieves the Army could have
launched an earth satellite be-
fore the Russians did.
Asking that his name not be
used. he said his first reaction
TO the Russian launching an.
flouncement was "anger and
Distress
The scientist said that II the
Army had been given the
American satellite assignment
back IN 1855 he believes the
Army would have been success
full considerably earlier" thar
the present time.
The Navy has principal re-
sponsibility for the United
States artificial moon program
Operation Vanguard.
The scientist said that 4
year ago last month the Army
fred q missile TO q consider
able height and distance.
Reliable sources said after
the firing that a Jupiter-C
test vehicle was fred 70 an
altitude Of $40 miles and q
distance Of slightly more than
5000 miles at a speed Of ap-
proximately $4,000 miles per
hour.
The scientist said this test
vehicle could have been re-
fined y the point where Il
could have been used in launch
ing successfully q satellite
similar to the Vanguard moon.
The Russian announcement
came while Neil H. McElroy,
next United States Defense
Secretary. and Army Secretary
Brucker were ct Redstone.
q tour Of defense installations
An aide to Mr.. Brucker said
he doubted that there would be
any comment on the Russian
satellite launching until the
ofncials evaluate reports on it
They listened to news broad.
casts last night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

ISTANBUL. Turkey. Oct. s
R. - The. Russian cruiser
Kuibyshev. carrying Marshal
Georgi zhukov on a visit to
Yugoslavla. passed through the
rain-shrouded Bosporus today
and fired q 2l-gun salute to
Turkey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
IOAS Official RETIRING
by the Associated Press

DR.. William Manager, an Of
ncial Of the Pan American
Union and the Organization of
american States for more than
40 years. has announced ne Is
retiring as Assistant Secretary
General Of the GAS at the end
OF his term May Is, 1858. The
Council Of the GAS is to hold
an election November IS to
select q secretary general and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

information in addition "a
steady "beep" radio signals.
UNLESS the Russians give u
q clue. said DR.. Henry L. Rich.
ter, IT.. I'VE may not be able q
decipher the messages.
Far into the night, 10y Of
ficials worked over all available
data apparently In the hope
Of estimating an orbit as soon
as possible.
The Defense Department,
meanwhile. issued an am
nouncement that within a few
days. the Navy expects to
launch the third in It's Van
guard test series at Cape Cam
ayeral, Fla. Project Vanguard
Is the name given TO the Ameri-
can satellite program.
This announcement was is
sued shortly after news Of the
Soviet satellite. But there was
no indication whether the De-
tense Department statement
was motivated by the Russian
development.
Last Monday. DR.. Porter said
the third test vehicle In the
Vanguard series lis now in
Florida, and should be launch
ed within the next few weeks. 4"
Appearance Of Satellite
This vehicle, known as TV2.
viii have the appearance Of
the anal earth satellite launch
Ing vehicle. However, except
for some test Instrumentation,
the second and third stages In
this firing win be dummies.
Following iva, the Defense
Department says. four test mr.
ings with complete three-stage
rockets are planned. These win
have q theoretical capability
OF placing . very small grape
fruit-sized satellite in orbit,
and win carry such tiny test
spheres.
These small spheres are only
81 inches in diameter and
weigh only four pounds, COM
pared with the % pounds of
the larger satellites. The small
satellites repeatedly might be
launched beginning next month.
The Navy is hoping to launch
the first regular-sized satellite
early next spring If the present
testing schedule holds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

earth satellites for the Inter-
national 0eophysical Year. said
here that an approximate orbit
had been computed.
He said the satellite should
have whizzed over Philadelphia
this morning, and that sue
ceeding passes would cross the
Midwest and the Pacific coast.
DR.. Porter said the approxi-
mate orbit was figured out BY
piecing together miscellaneous
bits Of information from anna
teur. commercial and Govern
ment radio receiving stations
both in this country and
Japan"
He said radio signals from
the satellite should be strong
enough 70 be heard on anna
teur communications receivers
throughout most Of New Eng
land and the North Atlantic
States" during the predicted
pass over Philadelphia.
Eleventh Orbit
DR.. Porter said the Philadel-
phia crossing would be 'the
eleventh orbit since the satel-
lite was launched" according
to American calculations
An orbit Is the path Travelled
BY . celestial body In its revo-
luton around another body.
DR.. Porter said ct $50 am,
eastern daylight time today
that the Russian moon had
crossed some part Of the United
States "three or four times 50
far"
The Defense Department said
the Naval Research Labora-
tory's radio tracking system had
recorded one pass apparently
In the vicinity Of Washington
and two others further west.
From moonwatch stations in
scattered parts Of the country
came reports Of the visual
|sightings.
Engineers for RCA communi-
cations In New York picked up
radio signals on the wavelength
of the baby moon. Ham radio
operators in q number Of places
reported detecting the sound.
Giving Coded Data
A scientist at California In
stitute Of Technology In Pasa-
,dena said last night the Soviet
moon was transmitting coded
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Telescopes Used

Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
the dramatic announcement
that the Russian satellite was
in the air and circling the
earth.
Scientists at the Naval Re-
search Laboratory at Blue
Plains, where the American
earth satellite is nearing COM
pletion. launched their all-out
effort to track the Soviet
device.
The half dozen Operation
Moonwatch astronomers in the
Washington area were alerted
by their headquarters, the
Smithsonian Astrophysical
Laboratory at Cambridge. Mass.
Ofiicers in the Pentagon re-
NAMED at their desks all night
TO answer queries about the
buoolhH lhuLlCLlllB.
On Duty Until 4 AM.
The Carnegie Institution field
station at Derwood, Md, had
men on duty until 4 am. from
the time the Russian announce
ment was made public at $3.50
pm. Washington time.
Scientists also labored all
night at the Operation VAN
guard Computing Center at els
Pennsylvania avenue NV,
where the IBM Corp. has its
mechanical brain.
In the Russian Embassy,
there was . cocktail party going
IStronE for delegates to the In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Launching of Satellite
Boosts. Soviet Prestige
u can Be yaluable only 4:

It can be valuable only II:
(a) Scientists or amateurs In
Russia or anywhere else can
spot 1t often enough to learn
its orbit. to predict where II
goes next. and so learn what
happens to 1t.
(b) It radios back informa-
ton about what it learns.
(cJ II lasts long enough be-
fore falling back close to earth
and perishes like q shooting
star
Answers to these critical
points are still awaited.
It win take at least several
fairly accurate and separated
fixes" Of the moons position
to learn its orbit, to predict
when you might see it in the
dawn or dusk sky with binocu-
lars.
Its path must be known be-
fore changes in its path have
solid meaning. How much II
is slowed down will tell scien-
fists how dense-though ter
ribly. terribly thin--the earth's
air is at such high attitudes.
Or how many meteorites OF
cosmic dust the moon Is bump
ing into.
Moscow. announcing its tri-
umph only hours after the
launching. has not yet reported
success in accurate tracking
The moon "a huge 1885,
FOUNDER. heavier than most hu-
mans-carries q radio. Radio
"fixes" could help determine
its path.
Could Have Short Life
This moon Is broadcasting or
relatively low radio frequen-
cies-20 and 40 megacycles
These. say United States ex-
perts. may be bent" by the
earth's high air and so make
It more difncult accurately tc
Judge the moons real position
Planned United States moon:
win send signals at a much
higher frequency.
Russia has not indicated thai
she has telescope camera,
which-once the orbit Is known
could detect the slightest var.
iations in its path and theil
meaning.
The moon carries equipment
to measure temperatures ir
space, said Russia's DR.. A. A
Blagonravov. The moon coulc
perish today or tomorrow, OF
stay up three weeks, he said
A short life means little
knowledge. Long life means
valuable information.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
u. S. Scientists Chart
Approximate Course

American scientists today to chart the course Of the
first earth satellite sent into the skies yesterday BY Russia
Radio signals from the man-made moon were reported
picked up By Government agencies There were similar reports
from Russia. Britain. Canada and Japan
DR. Richard W. Porter chairman the technical panel Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Russion Achievement
ProisedbyU. Scientists
b ths As.eelatsd BE-.

Quick American congratulations the Russians last
night after the Moscow announcement that scientists
had succeeded IN launching artificial moon
The congratulations extended by Dr. Lloyd Berner
an american ocial Of the International Geophycal Year.
Ihe occasion was cocktail party at the russian embassy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
By ALTON L. BLAKESLEE
Associated Press science Reporter

NEW YORK. Oct. 5.-Rus-
STA has won Q race to step
first into space with q baby
moon.
II brings her enormous
popular prestige and world
wide congratulations Of scien-
fists.
Something fashioned by hu-
man hands and minds is whirl-
ing around the world as q
Columbus Of space.
That's the tremendous initial
impact. A link is broken in
the chain binding humans to
earth.
Baby moons are the first
messengers to tell US what
space is like. to answer some
mysteries Of the void between
earth. sun and stars.
Value Is Questionable
Now the burning question is:
-ust how elusive Is this first
Messenger and what win 1t
actually tell US about space?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Red Predicts.
Flight 10 Moon

LONDON. Oct. S IA 50.
Wet jet propulsion expert SAID
today the launching of the first
earth satellite means flights Il
the moon will be possible with.
in q few years.
Speaking over Moscow Radio
DR.. K. P. Stanyukovich tolC
Soviet listeners:
1T can now be said Will
confidence that In q few year,
flights to the moon with in.
struments will become q.
much a reality as the launch.
ing Of the first artificial satel.
lite.
Precise Studies Predicted
I'm the near future, new arti.
fetal satellites win be equipped
with special instruments which
viii make it possible to study
the more precise properties Of
the uppermost layers Of the at.
mosphere and cosmic space.
The launching Of the artifi,
cial satellite is not only a tire,
mendous scientific event In thu
life Of mankind but is also thu
necessary first stage in thu
conquering Of interplanetary
space-it is the necessary frs
stage in the fight TO the moon.
Telescopes Used
Another Moscow broadcas
said Soviet scientists are track
ing the baby moon circling thu
earth with special telescopes.
Thirty telescopes have beer
set UP at the Leningrad Pulk
ovo Observatory ID record tn
fight Of the satellite while Len
ingrad State University hai
built a special observation sta
ton in Petrodvorets, the broad
cast reported.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
Value Is Questionable
LOST


BIFOCALs, in red and black ieathe
case uptown Conn. ave. shop. sec
c az :rI Pip 9ius IOyos pastel Hs.ssss'
M 2-6g61.
CARPET, 11xl4. brown. between Wis
eonsln and Western ayes liberal re.
ward. Call EM. $4,000.
DOG. miniature schnauzer. small. /:
pounds, gray. no collar; vie. 1871
cc sf bu. nj 4.iOo sn'T Es. rs + 'RieEy.
D0si scotty. small black. VeaFinl
reg eoilar' answers TO "Inky." AP
DOG. German Shepherd (poliee doel
children's pet; So months old. bIacI
ana tan; answers to the name o
NO" strayed from Edeemoore sec
tlon n Betne,ea Please call OIL
GLASSES, horned. brown and cream
s e p n.H. L. S5's i-sssIsss. ll'h ana
r G1.sE I1.Inl F * i HasE 1 asd 'S
bet. 18th and 21st NV: reward
KITTEN. orange. part Persian. male
plume tail vic; Of GEORGETOWN. las
MOTION PICTURE FILM, 10-mm
.'Huneh5ack OF Notre Dame" 2 Feell
inside Of brown box with leathe
SIS. NV: $50 reward. AS. s-4ssi
PARAKEET, ehartreuse yellow VT
green tail: name is Snoopy: 70
ward. JU. s-g3l1.
PUPPY. beagle. female, mos
Linda: brown and white: VIC
oeorgetown: reward. Call AZ
RUBY AND. DIAMOND PIN, IN shap
Of bird, lost Thurs, Aug. 20.
x xsilS" SCI % -o gnicna Station; rs
WALLET, brown alligator: keep moneJ
return valuable papers. ia. 0-737
OF co. b-66e3.
WALLET, containing money and pc
ELL, "a. 1921.
WATCH. smail, Rold. With black cor
strap: IN taxi on street. 0arfnckei'
q, National Theater; reward. VIC
WRIST WATCH. iady'S. Swiss. round
Mass. ave. NV. as. s.Sass. OV-1'O
UNNAMED HARVARD BUsINES
SCHOOL DIPLOMA, In name OF Henr
2. Erwin. Phone MA $4,000. week
days, 1912, 2-4: Sat. 1913
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

ternational Geophysical Year
when the announcement came
from Moscow.
The Navy Research Labora-
tory. feverishly working to track
the Russian missile. announced
about midnight that the sat-
elite had made three passes
over the United States-one
passage being very close to
Washington.
Rendezvous At I Pm.
The Navy said the Russian
delegates to the ICY were TO
appear ct the Vanguard Com
putting Center ct $50 pm. 70
make . trip to Blossom Point.
The Vanguard scientists
worked through the night, but
their headquarters was shut
down tight by 8 am. today.
They were referring all QUERIES
to the Navy.
Richard w. Rushlein, q stan
associate with the Carnegie In
situations field station, said he
and three other scientists first
picked up signals from the sat-
elite at 1926 am. today.
Using q radio telescope, they
recorded the series Of coded
flashes.
The signals came in dashes:
Five dashes, two dashes, I'VE
dashes. two dashes." Mr.. Rush.
lein said.
I'VE had the telescope ready
for another purpose, but when
! heard the news report Of the
satellite launching, / called the
Naval Research Laboratory and
got the monitoring frequen-
cies."
Intensity Varies
He and his co-workers used
the 1905 megacycle frequency
to track the satellite. reporting
the Signals came through in
varying intensity. It was 4
am. before Mr.. Rushlein A.
nally went home. II hours after
his normal quitting time.
He said all the Carnegie In
stitution station can do Is at
tempt to determine the track
and speed Of the satellite.
Il doubt II any Of the United
States telemetering s.aticns
will be able to do any more
than that. since any upper at.
mosphere data coming from
the satellite viii be coded by
the Russians"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

SCIENTISTS HEAR RUSSIAN ANNOUNCEMENT
International conference
washington discuss the news with Russian scientist at cocktail
en made They Cleft to right Prof Harr Massey head
PoloSkov William
Backhand, also Of the United Kngdom-AP Photo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05
FOUND

BIRD DOG, beautiful. long-haiFed
call DISTRICT POUND, Ma, $4,000
DOG. terrier type, female. brown and
white; vic langley Park shopping
center. He 4-3l22.
DOG. oernan shepherd. light brown
vicinity Of Bunker Hill School AND
Mlchiaan ave. LA. 6-332s.
GLASSES, In Tunis case. Sw. wash,
ington. Call EA. $4,000, Ext, b4bb
or OF. 0-6al 4, ewes and week ends
LOST TSE I x2EH PEE Eso,l c'I ry WAsIE N
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

BUEDE BAG, with strap and bueki1
THO; CROFT JONES. I4ab Euclid
S'W'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

DOG. miniature schnauzer, small. IA
pounds, gray. no collar: vie 18Th
eend 4, nv. answers 70. 'Rieky.'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

A scientist at California In
stitute Of Technology in Pasa-
,dena said last night the Soviet
moon was transmitting coded
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

valuable information.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

DOG; German Shepherd tpoliee dogl,
and tan; answers to the name OF
Mo-: strayed from Edgemoore sec
ton in Bethesda. Please call OIL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-05

CARPET, 1lx14. brown. between wis.,
eonsin and western syes;; liberal re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-08
.FTCHeoring Explores
Market Chain Complaint

Angles of chain food store
competition were aired yesterday
at a hearing into a complaint
that a food chain obtained spe-
cial allowances for promoting
the sale of suppliers' products.
The hearing before Frank
Hier, Federal Trade Commission
hearing examiner, was on a
complaint against Giant Food
Shopping Center. Inc, a Wash
ington area food chain. The
complaint alleges the company
obtained special payments from
suppliers, which were not made
proportionately available to
Giants competitors, constituting
unfair competition in violation
of law.
Two of the witnesses were Of
ficials of Safeway Stores. Inc.
j. A. Anderson, retail operations
manager of Sideways Washing
ton division. testified he knew
who initiated the complaint
against Giant. But he was not
allowed by the examiner to
answer a question by Raymond
r. Dickey. Giant attorney,
whether Safeway initiated it.
Mr.. Dickey sought to bring
out there are other ways for