davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-11-02

er we do so, the more stable our
community and country will be
The less we temporize, the easier
1t will he to accomplish the
change-over in harmonius
manner. There is, however, need
for preparation Of the community.
The time to begin this prepara-
ton is now. The place to begin
is within ones own mind. Once
we begin, numerous possibilities
will open up.
There are few Southern COM
munities so bereft of leadership
and resources that they cannot
quickly and tremendously solve
the problems which this change
over will present - that is - if
they want to. They will want to,
once the people realize the harm
segregation inflicts on all the
! children of the community. It IS
not good thing for a White
child to be given ideals which he
can act out only 10y breaking the
laws of his state. Either he cheap
ems his ideals, as most do, until
he no longer believes in them, II
he is in painful conflict with his
conscience the rest of his life. This
spiritual wounding of the white
child, this disabuse of our most
precious beliefs, is part of the
high price the White group has
paid for legal segregation.
That segregation harms the
Colored child is obvious, To, be
set apart, made different" will
injure the mind and emotions of
any child. To be loved at home
and accepted by ones community
are necessities for growth; no child
can mature as a healthy human
being without this love and ac-
ceptAnce.
Once the community puts its at
tention on its children, instead of
concentrating mainly on segrege-
gationist and prejudiced thinking,
democratic action will follow
quickly.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-11-02
International Night
Program For
Women
Women

Washington, D. C.. - The In
ternational Night rogram, a ira
ditional feature of Conventions
of the National Council of Negro
Women will be held this year Inn
the Hall Of the Americas, P a n.
American Union Building, Thurs
day evening, Nov. z.
The SPEAKER will be His Excel
ancy Arenales Catalan, Perma-
ment Representative to the United
Nations from Guatemala Music.
will be rendered by Miss Sarita
Gloria, distinguished young So
prano from Brazil whose record
ings are well known; Miss Wini-
fred Perpener, soloist with t h G
Fisk University Jubilee Singers
on their recent European Tour
and the United States Marine
Band, led by 1t. Dale L. Har-
ph4m, assistant director.
The Presidents Reception will
follow the program and will be
held in the Hall of the Flags.
Delegates to the Convention and
Youth Conference, coming from
all sections Of the United States,
will also have the opportunity to
view the exhibit of paintings and
prints of Alfredo Bigatti and RAJ
quel Former of Argentina in the
Art Gallery of the lovely Pan
American Union Building.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-11-02
Along Freedoms Road
BY RUTH PERRY

This week we will approach
some of the many problems at
tending deSegregation by again
using the question and answer
method. believe this is one of
the best ways to get direct and
factual answers to some Of the
recurring questions all Of us have
heard segregationists ask at one
time or another. My information
Is taken from Lillian Smiths
book. Now is the Time.
The rate of violence and law
lessness is much higher among
Negroes than whites. Isn't this
proof that they are still primitive?
1t is proof only that under a
segregated regime the environ
ment of colored town Is not as
good for children to grow up in
as Is the environment of white
town. Poverty. lack Of schooling
facilities, discrimination of doz-
en- konds, social rejection, make
poor growing climate for child
rem. Another reason is that the
law In the South is net admins
tered with equal justice for Ne
groes and Whites. Negroes can get
by with crimes when committed
against Negroes because law
enforcement officers and courts
win often look the other way.
This leniency encourages them
to taADe out their violent feelings
ON one another. But crime
against a white is treated with
extreme hardShips. This situation
has improved in recent years,
somewhat. When Negroes share
equally in the freedoms of
American citizenship, they will
be willing and able to share
equally in the responsibilities.
What right has the government
TO invade our homes and tell us
We must socialize with each 9TH
CT
Our government has no right
10 invade our. homes or NEEDLE
N our PERSONAL friendships. This
S one reason for respecting our
Constitution, our Bill Of Rights,
Ind our Supreme Court, which
ire three bulwarks against such
Every American citizen
his two kinds OF rights: public and
It is more often the citi-
sen than the government that
,ecome confused about these
lights. When the Supreme Court
ruled legal segregation unconsti-
tuti0nal, it was protecting the
public rights Of a minority against |
a majority, in certain states, that
had taken these rights away. 1t
was In no way infringing on any |
citi1en's private rights. There is
in the Supreme Court de-
eisson that affects anyone's home,
friends, private clubs or social
You can't do things overnight;
it takes time, doesn't It? You'll |
only stir up trouble by pushing
too fast, won't you? Is not gradu- |
alfsm the answer?
These questions are dead now.
The Supreme Court has made its |
decision. We are good citizens,
we must obey the law. The soon
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-11-02

Adding touch holiness the Swept Wing 5S by
Dodge the completely rdegned front end Dual headlights
under farng, fashionable hoods Tor
night time driving Parking lights recessed in pro-
bombs shield the grille from dam
age Adding the unutered look of good taste the straight
with its sturdy oyerbar protect both
grille and front license plate.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
A State Prooram-
Drive Aids Workers
Of As Years and Up

The State Department of Employment Security
has just completed an intensive three weeks
training course at its Baltimore headquarters for
staff members who will supervise the colder
Worker Program" in local offices
The training covered all phases of the EN-
pIoyment Service program which will directly
assist in the placement of the older workers.
Particular emphasis directed toward denti-
flying the applicants who may fall into the older
worker category, and toward giving these appli-
cants the services which they may need to be-
come active members of the area labor market
and to afford prospective employers the advan-
tage of employing these workers at their high
est possible sks
Edward j. Wegman, local office manager is
hopeful that other area employers will follow the
lead of the Lofstrand Company of Rockville, in
hiring qualified older workers whenever the op
portunity arises
Due to the fact that the population of work.
ers 45 years of age and over has increased more
rapidly than the total population and that the
longevity of the nations population is increasing
it becomes sound logic and good personnel policy
for the employer to take advantage of this wealth
OF unused manpower officials say
This reasoning becomes more apparent in the
light of recent surveys and studies by the U. S.
Department of Labor which brought out the fol.
lowing facts regarding the reasons some employ
ers give for not hiring older workers:
They are too slow and cannot meet pro.
duction requirements
Fact:-Careful analysis of production rec
ords, shows no significant decline by age group.
and wide variation in individual output in all
groups.
They lack the skills and fexibility to meet
changing job conditions
Fact.-Thorough evaluation of older lob
seekers characteristics show twice the proportion
of skilled workers and considerable flexibtv in
accepting change in industry occupataion and
earnings.
They canot meet the physical demands of
the jobs.
Fact:-Extensive job analysis show only
10 percent of jobs require great strength and
heavy lifting; among older job seekers, five out of
six had no significant vocational handicap for
jobs for which they qualified
Hiring them greatly increases pension and
insurance costs.
Fact:-A distinguished group of experts
reports that under pension and insurance plans
most prevalent today there is no significant in.
crease in costs of new hires of older workers
Wegman stated that Mrs. Esther A. Slve.
placement specialist at the local office will be in
charge of the program for Montgomery County.
The Department of Employment Security has two
offices to serve the residents Of the county One is
at 7240 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda and the other
is at 952 Sligo Avenue, Silver Spring
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
Communicufon-
Sen. Northrop VS.. State Debt

NOTICING YOUR EDITORIAL on the State
debt in the August % issue, wish to point out
that the Committee on Taxation and Fiscal mat
ters, of which am chairman has been not only
aware of the problem of Maryland's increasing
debt since 1855 but has actually explored the
conditions under which it arose and recommended
legislation and constitutional amendments that
would hold it in check.
In November 1855, a report was issued by
the committee recommending to the Legislature
that it override the Governors veto of Senate
Bill 50 which was sponsored in the 1855 session
by members of the committee. This bill was
extremely important in that it put a ceiling on
the amount of surplus to be allocated to general
funds and provided that the remainder be allo-
Gated to authorized capital Improvements or
debt service.
This report received wide attention at that
time.
AGAIN IN 1856 the committee took up in
detail the matter of pay-asyou-go financing and
clearly demonstrated the unsoundness of the
practices which had been followed in State fl
nancng since 1850. In 1919 for example some
$23 million of general funds surplus was appro.
priated for capital Improvements. Beginning in
1880 $800,000 was transferred to general funds
from the annuity bond fund account.
In 1852, while Is percent reduction was
made in the individual income tax, over $23
million was borrowed for the capital improve.
ment fund. The tax loss In the income tax re-
ducton was So million whereas the cost to the
taxpayer to pay off the principal and interest
on So million at LIS percent interest over Is
years, will be close to $35 million. So it can
be seen that such procedure is more costly to
the taxpayer in the end
Again In 1853 q Is percent reduction was
made In spite of the fact that over $14.5 million
was borrowed for capital Improvement. This
hocus pOcus cost the taxpayers over 81 million.
In 1855, when the surplus of the State and
general revenues had been exhausted the with
holding system for income tax was inaugurated,
thus creating one-year homecoming item of
revenue in excess of $40 million AT the same
time, $14,600000 bond issue was authorized
IN 19474849 an adequate tax program was
maintained and receipts went higher than ex-
penditures. Surplus moneys were accumulated
and used for capital improvements. The result
was property tax of six cents during the years
of 1951-52-53. BY 1853, revenue no longer
equaled expenditures and this condition continues
The budget was balanced by use of surplus funds
and non-recurring revenues and greater load was
placed on property taxes as result of borrow
ing excessively until the present rate of approx
mately ID cents was reached in 195657. The
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
MdnY Don't Know
Where Did War End
After Revolution?
Where did the Revolutionary War end?

Where QlQ the Revolutionary war enQ!
Few Americans, including many Maryanders
seem to know that the war ended officially in
Annapolis according to the Maryland State De-
partment of Information.
The end came when Gen. George Washington
resigned as Commander of the Army in the old
Senate Chamber of the present State House at
Annapolis
Foreigners among the throngs visiting the
State House daily seem to know this fact-and
American history generally better, as a rule than
natives, the Information Department quotes
Dorothy p Bartlett, senior, receptionist at the
State House for five years. as saying 1t is Mrs.
Bartlett's job to that visitors get taken of
and large part of the care-taking is answering
questions. The foreigners, she said, seldom betray
ignorance of the State Houses place in National
history. But Americans all too often do.
"It is routine thing" she said, for Ameri-
cans to ask us to show them the where
George Washington resigned from the Presidency
When we reply that we have room where he
resigned as Commander of the Army but not one
where he resigned the Presidency, for the reason
that he never did resign the Presidency-here or
anywhere-they sometimes apt to insist
Foreigners, whether they be Europeans Latin
American or Orientals seldom make such
mistakes"
Another routine error on the part of natives
observed Mrs Bartlett, is the assumption that
washington resigned as GeneTdl III OTQ0r TO accept
the Presidency. Many think this, although there
was actually gap of six years between his
resignation and his election.
There is also a certain confusion in many
Americans minds said Mrs. Bartlett, concerning
the two identities of the Capitol Building 1t has
been the State House of Maryland, in constant use
since 17'9, which gives it the distinction of being
the Oldest active State House today But it is also
the only of the 48 State Capitols that ever was
Capitol of the United States Thus it has great
honor in past National history as well as in its
present age
Europeans seem to be conscious of this"
continued Mrs. Bartlett "They come to see the
building with this thought in their minds-here is
where the American Revolution ended. Often they
have been to Yorktown and seen the field where
the Revolutionary hostlities ceased 1t follows in
their minds, seemingly, that the next place in the
drama of American history is the room where the
military victory made political fact-and
that is the old Senate Chamber of the Maryland
State House, where the Continental Congress
ratified the treaty ending the war. But among
Americans, curiously, though even the school
children know where the Revolution began, there
is not much knowledge of where it ended. Mature
men and women often surprised to learn that
1t was Annapolis. Quite often they tell us they
were sure it wa New York or even Philadelphia"
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29

only reason that it has not gone higher is the
increase in assessments throughout the state as
result of recommendations made by this COM
mittee for the purpose of distributing State
funds to the counties and municipalities and in
sistance that the counties play fair with each
other and fair with the people of Maryland in
their assessments as far as the State is con-
cerned.
The result of failures to use available funds
for capital improvements on a pay-as-you-go
basis is plain to see. The public debt issued and
outstanding of June 30 1856 was around
S170 million, compared with approximately
$74 million on June 30 1851. The interest re-
quirements this debt have increased from
$750,000 in 1851 to over $2,700000 in 1855 and
the property tax rate has more than doubled
since that time.
IF SOUND FINANCING had been followed
by the State bond authorizations could have been
reduced some 81 million and interest charges of
more than 81 million annually could have been
saved.
The net result is that the State is in the
absurd position of infringing more and more
heavily upon the property tax which, of course,
is the major source of revenue for the counties
and towns AS result of this study six recon-
mendations were made by the committee some
Of which were made the subject of legislation
and some of which are being followed out by
the State in small way.
In addition, constitutional amendment was
proposed requiring the Governor to anticipate the
estimated surplus, deficit of revenues, year
ahead and implementing legislation to require
that all estimated general funds surplus In ex-
cess of three percent of estimated revenues be
appropriated to the payment of authorized capital
expenditures in lieu of the issuance of Ger.
tificates of Indebtedness that have been au-
thorized
Needless to say, it is difficult to stop course
OF action which seems to make monies available
in current year even though the results are
extremely costly to the taxpayer in the future
MONTGOMERY COUNTY with its rapidly
increasing population and resultant necessary
services, of course, Is vitality affected by the
policies pursued at the state level since 1850
and property tax increases at the state level
naturally affect the local taxpayer to marked
extent.
Again this summer, the committee is at.
tempting to bring about a cessation of the
states activity in this connection as well as work
out more equitable distribution of state funds
to the counties and municipalities.
EDWARD s. NORTHROP
State Senator
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
An UItimotum

The ladies have now spoken-a virtual ulti-
matum as they say, has been laid down-and
the State Democratic leaders had better take heed
When the collective distaff side gets its dander
up, watch out.
DR.. Mildred Otenasek Cher title and name in
themselves sound formidable), who is chairman
OF the United Democratic Women's Clubs, told
party heads over the weekend that it's time the
girls got more recognition
We're ready to make DEAL" she repeatedly
told the men who control party destinies. Then
she hinted that the girls might not work their
hardest for the dear old party unless party heads
(male) acceded to her demands that: ID there
be one woman candidate for the House of Dele
gates from each county, (2) that women get a
fair shake on the State Central Committee, and
(3) that female lawyer be named to one of the
Assistant Attorney General jobs
Well, feiIas. It's your move
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
Censor's Plan

How much longer will the
people of Maryland put up with
the extreme censorship admin
istered by the dictatorial board
of "Blue Noses? Mr.. Goldstein
is prying into the parents bust
ness in his effort to obtain leg
islation to keep children under
16 away from certain films.
If films are to be classified it
should be left to the theaters
or to the parents. The Govern
ment should stay out of such
business.
Film makers should make the
effort to advertise what is adult
material. In fact, many of the
theaters have made the effort.
On Saturday afternoon the more
adult films were omitted in place
of movies more suitable for chill.
dren's viewing. This was done
on such pictures as 'Baby Doll"
Written on the Wind" "Tea
and Sympathy" and Bachelor
Party Is it necessary for Gov.
ernment dictatorship to enter
the picture? Dallas NJ. COgan.
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
Beauty Offended

A fine thing! Here we've got beautiful miss
Maryland" right here in Montgomery County and
where do the men who are running the county
fair go when they want beauty queen to snip
the ribbon on opening day? To the District of
Columbia for Miss Washington" who, as mat.
ter of fact, doesn't even live in the District but
makes her home way over in Arlington. Humph!
And double humph! The fair moguls ought to be
ashamed Of themselves. Our own Nancy Norris,
who lives in Silver Spring, walked off with the
Miss Maryland title and now carries the hopes
OF Montgomery County-and the Free State-to
Atlantic City for the annual Miss America Contest
She has just as much stature in the National con-
test as Miss Washington. And she's much prettier
Wen bet our girl beats Miss Washington easily.
The only possible explanation Of this grave over
sight lies in the fact that the fair officials are
much more sldllful at spotting beautiful helfer
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29

Last week we asked, editorialy, where the
Governor and his loyal opposition had been and
why they hadn't informed us that the State bonded
debt had risen So percent in only three years and
that we now ranked ninth highest in the country
as far as percentage increase of such debt was
concerned.
Well, we haven't heard yet from the Governor
but we sure did hear from his loyal opposition
right off in the form OF Montgomery County's
own State Senator Edward S. Northrop. The
Senator told us in no uncertain terms that he
has been worrying about this thing for some time
and trying like heck to start the people to think
ing about it, In communication" elsewhere on
this page he spells out his for the problem
and it makes interesting reading once you get
behind the statistics. We invite you to read it
and thank the Senator for responding so quickly
to our question.
Now if we would just get nice note from
the Governor
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29

than they are beautiful girl. We defer to their
expertness in the former but admit that no man
is our master in the latter. Accordingly we now
formally offer our services as consultant to the
fair people when it comes time next year to
select the queen. Lest this note of frivolty be
misunderstood we hasten to point out, although
1t seems hardly necessary, that the Montgomery
County Fair is becoming almost fabulous in
stitution. 1t is only the hard work and devotion
of the countys rural leaders supported by the eff
forts of many of our farm families that have made
1t so. They all deserve credit
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
Firefiehters Zeal

AS l was pulling out of the
ESQ station at East Montgom-
cry avenue and Bridge street in
Rockville Monday night, I al
most was run down by two cars
going up Montgomery street to-
ward the courthouse. They were
blowing their horns and had
their lights on.
I learned from the people at
the station that they were vol
unteer firemen but that would
not have helped me if they had
struck my car with my two
children in it.
They must have been driving
around 40 miles an hour, in and
out of traffic. 1t was frighten-
ing to see!
Isn't there some law that re-
quires that these persons re-
main under the speed limit? 1
know they are trying to help
taxpayers save their homes, but
what about the other people
they needlessly endanger? More
people are injured by cars than
y fires and they ought to re-
member that.
Mabel Holiday
Montgomery County sentinel., 1957-08-29
Funny Business

This weekend, Motor Vehicles Commissioner
James B. Monroe will have so of his administra-
tive employees riding around the State jotting
down the license numbers of traffic violators.
Then, these violators will get a letter bawling
them out and, in some cases, they may be sum-
moned before officials and called on to explain
why they should not lose their permit
Well, this is one way to go about the prob
lem of promoting traffic safety on Labor Day
weekend But we're not at all sure it's the right
way" Who are these men MIR. Monroe will send
out to execute his plan? Have they ever dealt
in traffic law enforcement? How are they go
ing to know who is driving the car at the time
of the alleged offense? The assumption is it will
be the owner but this is not proper assumption
at all And is traffic law enforcement a proper
function of the Motor Vehicles Department? Or
shouldn't they stick to their job of doing admin
istrative work in connection with the handling
of drivers licenses and auto tags? Shouldn't the
important job of enforcing traffic laws be left
to the police?
Actually, what Mr.. Monroe is doing is pro-
noting traffic safety by subterfuge He knows
perfectly well that without evidence as to the
identity of the driver (not the car owner), he
couldn't get conviction in any court. Nor would
he, presumably dare to take away someone's
permit under such circumstances. So that raises
the question of whether what he is doing is proper
We think mott The whole thing sounds like some
thing a small town might do. Not the State of
Maryland!