davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
FAMILIES BY MAIL
Foster Parents Journey to Visit Children
BY MARY McGRORY

Among the hundreds Of thou
sands of American tourists who
are heading, pleasure bent, for
Europe this summer, there win be
a little company who are going
on highly emotional errand.
These are foster parents on their
way to see the European children
whom they have adopted by mail.
Person-to-person encounters be-
tween foster parents and the chill
dren-there will probably be a
a thousand of them In italy before
the season ends-are a compare
lively new development in the
Foster Parents Plan which was
started 20 years ago.
This unique humanitarian en-
terprise was founded by two Eng
lishmen, Maj. John Langdon-Da-
vies and Eric Muggeridge, who were
moved by the plight Of orphaned.
starving and manned children they
saw in the wake Of the Spanish
Civil War. Mr.. Langdon-Davies, q
journalist, and Mr.. Muggeridge, q
travel agent. arranged to have the
children given haven in Eng
land.
AS World War II receded, leav-
ing its human wreckage, the Plan
moved into almost every country
in Europe. setting up shelters for
orphans and seeking American
support for their maintenance.
Now they have extended their care
TO children who have parents but
who live in the terrible squalor
of almost total destitution-in
caves or novels or practically on
the streets. Foster parents sup
port some 1900 children in nine
different countries, including Wet
Nam and Korea. Since 1887 plan
officials estimate they have re-
habilitated, through $1,000 foster
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

dealer. commenting on GINS plan
to bring in the Opel, said the Opel
will "outsell the Volkswagen." The
Opel Rekord will be distributed by
Buick; the Vauxhall by Pontiac.
One Of the most striking Of the
imports. small but certainly not in
the low-priced class. is the Ital-
ian-designed, Chrysler engineered
Dual CHA. produced in Detroit
by the Dual CHA Corp.
With the exception Of the Rolls
Royce and stately Bentley, all Of
the imports are smaller than
American automobiles, even the
Mercedes-B Benz 300-SL. which is
near the $4,000 mark.
Parking garage operators, many
Of whom are now putting two
cars where they formerly placed
three. are joining Mr.. Romney
and Mr.. Alternately in the com.
plant about automotive bulk.
The parking lot business Is no
longer a question Of putting any
car in any vacant position. ITS
putting the car in a place where II
will IT." ole car jockey said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

mer Delegate J. Addison Hagan.
Frank r. Ford and Harvey 3.
White. jr.
Stonley vs.. Groy
In Fredericksburg, the ineum-
bent delegate, Francis B. Could
man who supported the Stanley
plan. is opposed by former Dele
gate William J. Gibson, an adyo-
cate Of the Gray plan. Also In
the Fredericksburg race are
Buford o. Carr and Frank ].
fairfield.
Delegate Frank p. Moncure of
Stafford and Prince william
Counties, q staunch supporter Of
the Stanley plan, is opposed By
H. Selwyn Smith. whom Mr.. Nom
cure calls a "segregationist but-er."
Segregation also has touched
the Arlington campaign, where the
three incumbent delegates, Har-
rison Mann, Mrs. Kathryn Stone
and William L. Winston are op-
posed by Miss Betty A. Thompson
and Thomas j.. Broyhill. Miss
Thompson in particular has made
a bid for the segregationist vote.
charging that integration is Com
munist-inspired.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Initiation, Technology Combine
To Push Defense Costs Upward

Mr.. Wilson does favor adoption
Of the Cordiner report on man
power management and military
pay, which said that its recon-
mendations could result in a
savings of S. billion a year by
1862. But the Budget Bureau
looked upon the report merely as
another pay raise plan for the
military which might start an
other round Of Government pay
increases.
The money bill passed Tuesday
by the Senate included q part
way" plan for increasing unifica-
ton and promoting more economy
in procurement. 1t instructs the
Secretary of Defense to end "over-
tapping, duplication and waste"
in noncombatant areas. In order
to accomplish this, the Secretary
would have authority to transfer
and coordinate activities and
funds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

parents. $4,000 children of IS ma
tons.
Both Sides Benefit
Foster Parents Plan officials at
43 West Sixty-first street in New
York tell you that the benefits are
by no means one-sided. Many
Americans are enjoying hugely
their vicarious parenthood; and
after they have sought out their
wards in their native lands, they
return fired with new enthusiasm.
The visits are warmly encouraged
by the plan, which needs thou
sands more parents.
Many of the meetings take place
in Italy. where there are 1900
foSter-children. The writer Wit
messed one recently there, between
a l4-year-old war orphan and her
attractive American mother" an
unmarried secretary.
It could not be called a social
success. The child. who spoke no
English, was deep in adolescent
shyness and obviously missed the
sustaining comradeship Of her
friends at the orphanage. She
sat glumly In the corner, UNI
warmed by the gay conversation
Of her mother" a bouyant young
woman.
The mother" however, was un-
dismayed by her foster-child's
unresponsiveness. She knew from
two previous experiences-she had
adopted Aida at the age of five
that the child would go back
to the orphange and talk inces-
sanity about the pleasures Of her
Roman holiday with her mother"
the unexpected sight Of the
Pope, the movies, the shopping
expedition. And her monthly let
tiers would take on q new warmth.
Trains and Footballs
The most frequent site Of these
meetings is in the Roman head
quarters Of the plan In Italy.
There they are presided over
by Elma Laurenzi. an Italian
American for whom Plan work Is
plainly q labor Of love. The Amer
leans. she says. frequently come
bearing gifts Of trains. foot
balls and other toys. aSometimes
the children are too young TO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

the replacement of each weapon
with a more deadly one will rise in
cost. A good example of such q
replacement that is Immediately
foreseeable is the 81 million B-52
bomber, whose successor will be
supersonic craft comparable in
size but hardly comparable in
cost.
There have been informed esti-
mates that, at the present pace Of
the cold war and imitation, the
United States might be spending
as much as 500 billion a year for
defense by 1868.
One of the defense items that
always comes in for heavy criti-
cism is the cost Of maintaining
inventories Of supplies. The. total
cost of storage alone could prob
ably never be accurately deter
mined. for besides the obvious
costs of renting and building stor-
age facilities and maintaining
them, there are the tens of thou
sands of civilians and military
persons directly or indirectly in
volved. One estimate has put the
cost of Army storage alone at
hundreds of millions Of dollars a
year.
Some $11 billion of the total
defense budget will be spent for
the salaries and keep of 2.8 mil
lion defense personnel. Here again
a large increase in cost can be
blamed almost solely on an in
flation that has brought higher
pay and higher costs for food.
bedding, clothing, quarters and
medical supplies.
Politics Is a Foctor
Another difficulty is the fact
that so much Of the appropriate
ing involves individual political,
interests Of members of Con-
gress. The economies of not a
few cities, and even some States,
depend heavily on military spend
ing. A move to cut tank pro-
curement drastically would run
into opposition from members of
the Michigan delegation. A ma
jor industry in California is air.
craft production. A sharp cut
back in some activities could have
serious effects on the economies
of cities like Baltimore, Norfolk.
Atlanta and Seattle. The Con-
gresham is rare who will OPP
pose spending that part Of the
5000 million in military con-
struction which is earmarked
for his district.
Critics have argued that more
unification would mean a saving
Of billions. But some of the de-
tense experts in Congress think
that, while some increased de-
gree Of unification might be de-
sirable. the idea offers no magical
formula for economy. Secretary
Wilson has said that he doesn't
believe there could be any more
savings as a result of further uni
fication of. for instance, supply
services. Capitalization can be
taken too far in such a large
organization, he feels. He once
said that too much of this only
will give you a concentration of
stupidity"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
SENATE

HR 1865. Fiscal 1858 appro-
priations for Defense Department.
Douglas Democrat of Illinois)
amendment to reduce by Sl,O58
billion and to provide $500 million
to establish additional Army and
Marine combat units utilizing nom
nuclear f1repower. Rejected, 7-65
Democrats. 1921; Republicans,
.0-38). July 2. 1857. A may" vote
supported the President.
AGAINST; BeAil. Republican Of Maryland;
Butler. Republican Of Maryland ana
ROBERTSON, Democrat Of virginia
NOT VOTING; BYRD. Democrat Of viz
HR 1865. Dworshak (Republi-
can Of Idaho) amendment
reducing total Defense funds by
approximately 1882 million. Re-
jected, 24-48 Democrats, il-24:
Republicans, 1920. July 2, 1857.
A may" vote supported the Presi-
dent.
FOR: Butler and Robertson.
AGAINST; Beall
NOT voTINGi Byrd. paired for.
HR 1865. Passage Of the bill.
Passed. TAO Democrats. $40:
Republicans. 37-0), July 2, 1857.
NOT VOTING. announced for: Butler and
'''0 tcOnsreAOnal Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

ing at $50 miles per hour and
talk to the occupants en- route.
The automobile will be COM
pletely silent. miraculously COM
Portable and have no chauffeur.
The Soviet citizen of 1898 will
merely recite his destination into
the electronic microphone and
then give the order when to start.
In his office Comrade Popov will
have no need of a stenographer.
Typewriters will automatically
write anything that is dictated.
Since the Soviet Union is a land
Of many languages. they will also
be equipped to translate whatever
is dictated into any tongue that
is requested.
Electric lights will be a thing
Of the past. Instead, there will
be multi-colored lighting as nat
ural as sunlight. and which may
be regulated according to the re-
quirements Of the room and its
occupants.
Awoy With Dirt
Perfect air conditioning will be
available everywhere, and there
will be little need for cleaning
since all dust and dirt will be
done away with.
In addition to his personal tele-
vision screens at the Office and at
home, Comrade Popov will carry
TV equipment in his pocket, too.
That will permit him to see ard
talk with family, friends and
business associates wherever he
happens to be at any time.
Air travel at fantastic rates of
speed will be available at almost
no cost, and ocean voyages will
be made primarily in atomic sub
marines travelling 20 times faster
than today's transatlantic lipsrs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

know exactly who the wonderful
stranger is. But in the Latin way,
they fling themselves on him, or
her. with hugs and kisses. Older
children are often more restrained,
but the initial tension is soon dis
PEELED as they enlarge on topics
brought UP in the monthly letters
which the parents and children
exchange.
Occasionally, the conformation
engrosses the life of a whole
village. A pair Of American uni
versity students, who had been
supporting a little boy for several
years, made a pilgrimage to an
obscure town near Bari, on the
Adriatic coast. They were COM
pletely undone by the welcome
they got. Not only was the town
band drawn up at the railway
station but most of the inhabit-
ants had turned out carrying field
flowers to greet them. They were
celebrities during their three-day
stay.
Village Needs Help
Right now the Plan is trying to
find parents for some children Of
Guadagnolo. a miserable hamlet
only 10 miles from Rome in dis
lance. but so far in notice that
virtually the only social service
available for hideously poor fam
lilies is a cup Of soup every other
day.
OF the SIS a month stipend sent
by the parents. SO in cash
goes directly to the child.
The balance is used by the Plan
to purchase food, clothing and
other necessities Of life. The money
is used at the discretion of and
in behalf Of the whole family. since
the Plan feels that to use it only
to the one child would destroy
morale. Extraordinary needs, like
special medicines. are provided by
the Plan out Of its general fund.
There is no question that the
lives not only Of the children but
Of whole families have been trans
formed by the Plan. Americans
have bought knitting machines
and apartments for their families.
They have intervened to see that
bright children are kept in school
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
VIRGINIA REPORT
By MARY Lou WERNER

Virginia's school segregation
crisis dominates the Democratic
primary campaign which grinds to
q close Tuesday. Almost obscur-
ing the candidates names in some
hard-fought contests is the dis
pute over whether the State has
acted wisely or recklessly in its
attempt to preserve segregated
education.
Tuesdays vote win select the
Democratic nominee for Governor.
and nominees for ~ contested
seats in the House Of Delegates.
With perhaps few exceptions,
the campaign has not been one Of
segregation versus migration. but
rather q contest over which
method is best to preserve segre-
gated schools the longest without
harming public education.
One notable exception where
the segregation integration issue
seems clearly drawn is in the
number one contest on the ballot.
in which Attorney General J.
Lindsay Almond. jr, is opposed
for the gubernatorial nomination
by Howard H. Carwile, Richmond
attorney.
Identified With Byrd
In spite Of some adroit lodging
of specific questions on segrega-
ton, Mr.. Almond is identified
with the massive resistance"
movement led by Senator Byrd,
Democrat of Virginia, and Gov.
Stanley.
He has neither Endorsed nor
criticized Gov. Stanley's fund
withholding and school closing law
which comes into play whenever
indignation occurs, but has put
himself squarely on record in sup
port Of a continuing battle to pre-
serve segregated schools.
Mr.. Carwile has pleaded for
peaceful conformance with the
supreme law Of the land and an
end to this craven conspiracy of
circumvention and defiance" He
has declared that he "purged
racial rancor from my SOUL" and
he has warned that the election of
Mr. Almond will lead to the clos
ing of public schools. Few. If any
candidates south Of the Potomac
River have dared speak so can
didly about complying with the
Supreme Court decree.
In segregation minded Virginia,
Mr.. Carwile's chances of success
are indeed dim. He has the added
disadvantage Of being perpetual
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

But since there will be more time
for leisure, the emphasis will be
on more luxurious modes of travel
and less on mere speed.
The climate Of the Soviet I'm
ion will be improved 100 per cent.
Electro-atomic inventions will be
able to transfer the Gulf Stream
to the glacial areas ri the world.
The immense frozen wastes Of ST.
IBERIA will become fertile lands,
and the treasures that are ex-
pected to be discovered there viii
provide the greatest riches the
world has ever known.
Vodko on the Moon!
The moon, too, will be invaded
and 1t will become q part oil the
Soviet Union. M A. Varvarov,
president of the Astronomical
Society Of the Soviet Union. is
already thinking about how II is
to be colonized.
He says the first problem that
will face Russian pioneers on the
moon will W. that Of food. II
borscht and vodka must be trans
ported from the earth, II will cost
the price Of gold by the time 1t
reaches the moon. he fears. But
he Is sure that The condition of
the atmosphere there will be con-
ducive to some sort of food cul-
tivation. II not, the inventions Of
1893 will surely be sufficient to
solve this difficulty
Meanwhile, the Comrade Popov
Of 1857 works his l2-hour day and
eats his potato soup while he
listens to the rosy future being
prepared tor him ny Soviet scien-
lists. Even at the fountain head
Of materialistic Marxism. IL seems,
men do not live by Dread alone.
(werldvids Press sertrsJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
By DAVID KOONCE

The $34.5 billion defense budget
las passed by the Senate last
WEEKS around $2.5 billion
greater than the latest estimate
Of total defense spending for the
1857 fiscal year. which just ended.
The increase is 10 times the
amount that will be required to
run the State Department for a
year.
Why is the defense budget,
which represents about half of
the total budget, so great? Why
does it increase by such astro-
nomical proportions? And where
does all the money go?
These are questions that men,
bers Of Congress have been asking
for months as they wrestled with
the largest peacetime budget in
history.
The answer can be said to have
two main parts: Imitation ard the
high cost Of modern technology.
The Shrinking Dollar
Secretary Wilson's defense dol
lar will buy only 88 per cent Of
what it bought four years ago.
Which means that in terms of
buying power, the defense budget
this year is less than that Of four
years ago.
The largest single category in
defense spending is procurement
and production, which in fiscal
1858 will run to about a half
billion dollars more than in fiscal
1857. 1t is here that the high cost
Of the atomic-missile age Is most
clearly revealed. While airplane
procurement will remain at about
the same level, spending for mis-
siles will go up IS per cent over
last year.
Here. too, one can find evidence
Of the chronological reasons costs
have zoomed into the stratosphere
since World War II, which, of
course, was hardly an inexpensive
war itself.
For instance, the Nays Ter
rier guided missile in any new war
will be required to do the job for
'Inerly done by a 5-inch shell.
The 5-inch shell in World War II
cost 500 each. The Terrier costs
100000.
A diesel-battery powered sub
marine carried a price tag Of
about 81 million. The next atomic
submarine the Navy builds will
cost $50 million. The jet fighter
costs about 10 times more than
the propeller-driven fighter.
The carrier Saratoga cost $207
million and its planes another
500 million. The tanker that
goes along to keep 1t in fuel costs
more than $23 million. In 1854
six Of the major operation types
OF aircraft used up $500 worth Of
fuel and oil in an hour; their sue
cessors today consume $500
hourly.
No Reversed in Sight
A hard fact to be faced by the
taxpayer is that there is little
chance that this trend will be re-
versed as long as the threat of war
exists. AS technology improves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

rather than being dispatched to
mental labor at an early age.
One American staked his
foster son to university educa-
ton. A soldier in Korea made
out his will to his Italian foster
child. At Christmas. $35 900 in
cash was sent for presents.
There are other benefits from
the Plan. In every town where
there are foster children, there is
a warden-it may be the parish
priest. the school teacher, or the
pharmacist. They keep an eye
on the whole family and see that
the children write their monthly
letter to the parents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
LONG AND SHORT OF IT
Car Length Is Subject
Of international Contest

servers see a small note of alarm
in GINS recent announcement
that it will begin importing its
British-built Vauxhall and Ger
man-built Opel Rekord.
Ford has indicated increasing
imports of its British-built prod
uctS. And at home the voices Of
George Romney and Roy Aber.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

nathy. lone domestic champions
Of the smaller car, are constantly
heralding increasing sales of the
tiny. British-built Nash Metro
politan and American Motors
Rambler-both at sales peaks.
The Big Three still contend that
they're building the automobile
the American public wants, yet on
all sides the small but audible
voice of the potential new car
owner is heard with the question,
why so big and so powerful?"
Perhaps significantly. the industry
has already announced it will tone
down its 1867 accent on speed
and horsepower.
Posed 100000 Mark
Last year, 1915 new passenger
cars were imported into the United
States and registration shows that
over 81 900 were sold. The Ameri-
can market absorbed 5,955,248
home-built autos.
The British Automobile Manu.
facturers Association, in almost
weekly press releases, is reporting
an increasing number of small,
economy cars-April figures show.
Ing 1890 units brought in during
the first four months of this year.
Foreign car builders repeatedly
have set their goal in the Ameri-
can market at 100000 units this
year. American builders say that
until the figure approaches $780,.
600, 1t is Of little concern to them.
Or. they say, it would require an
annual sale of 100000 to warrant
tooling up for small car produce
ton.
The Italians are nibbling out
a share of the import market,
which was largely confined to the
British and French and Germans
for years. Sweden is sending over
Increasing numbers of the little.
known, but highly accepted Volvo.
Germany is out with a new one
with the unlikely name of Goggo-
mobil which sells for under 81 900
and is headed for the Washington
market soon.
Volkswosen Is Booming
Thus far, the German Volks-
wagon. which sent over $4,000
units last year. has had a waiting
list Of customers most Of the year
and anticipates sales Of 100000
this year. To give some measure
of the competition, volkswagen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
The M-YEAR PLAN
Red Paradise Is Due in 1898

A popular pdStime among
American scientists and men
OF business is to paint 0louing
pictures Of life In these United
States 10, 20, so or 100 years
from notD. Russians dppar-
emily also enjoy tree-wheeling
looks into the future. Here Is
a report on tomorroU's life
under the Soviets as seen By
rs scientists.
BY FERRIS HARTMAN
BERLIN.-"One must dream"
the Soviet scientist Nesmeya-
nov told Kremlin officials the
other day. In this way, the
President Of the Soviet Acad-
envy Of Science introduced 100
predictions by himself and is fell
low scientists about what life in
Russia would be like 40 years
from now.
The year 1898 was selected as
the target date for the new world
Of luxury and ease promised to
the Russians. BY that time, say
the scientists. Comrade Popov-
the average white-collar worker
will be able TO enjoy all the adj
vantages Of automation in his own
plush ONCE while keeping an af-
fectionate eye on his family hun
dreds Of miles away.
Every Mon q Big Brother
Perhaps he will be working in
the center Of Moscow while his
wife and children travel by tele-
guided automobile to their beach,
house on the Black Sea. BY
means Of his personal television
screen and broadcasting equip
mept, Comrade Popov can keen
anNeye on the plastic car travel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
BY CHARLES YARBRoUGH


Somebody is going to be wrong
about next years automobiles.
The domestic industry is betting
billions on the longer look and
Europe is gambling a lesser
amount that there will be increas-
ing buyer resistance to the grow
ing size Of American-built cars.
Already past the rumor stage
are reports that Chevrolet, for
instance, will be inches longer
than the 1857 models and that the
top-priced Lincoln will be inches
longer than General Motors COM
peting Cadillac.
The coloSsi Of the automotive
world-Ford. General Motors and
Chrysler-have for years shrugged
of the increasing number of Eu-
ropean imports like golfer does
q bothersome gnat. but close OBJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of nearby Maryland and
Virginia legislators on major roll
calls in Congress last week.