davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-07

necessity Of mass firings once
the total number Of civilian
workers is decided on. I'VE
know the total will be lower, /"
he said.
AS Of June 30 there were
l.l60.9l4 civilians employed by
the military services and Mr..
Wilson's Office.
Service Totals Listed
The total was divided as fol-
lows: Army. 429.216: Navy,
389.7l7; Air Force, $40, 1926: De-
tense Secretary's Office, 16,O55.
During the last six months,
20.l89 civilians have left and
17,4S8 have been employed.
The action was the latest In
Mr.. Wilson'S move to reduce
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
.CBS-GurIund Pact
Broken, Luft Says

NEW YORK, Jan. II (R.-
The husband of Judy Garland
says the Columbia Broadcastine
System has ended its three-yeal
contract with the singer two
years ahead of the expiration
date.
Last week. CHS said it had
dropped plans for Miss Garland's
February rs show, which would
have been her second program
under provisions of the contract
calling for one show a year for
three years.
Sid Luft, her husband and
business manager, said yester-
day that CHS. by dropping the
February show, has certainly
preached OUR contract"
Asked if he planned legal ac-
ton, Mr.. Luft said, II expect SC. /"
Comment from CHS was not
Immediately available.
Mr.. Luft said his wife's con-
tract with CHS gave her prior
right of approval of script. di-
rector and producer. He said
CHS did not come up with a
script for the February rs pro-
gram but only an outline based
on her Palace Theater show.
Mr.. Luft said Miss Garland
commended she would have been
using her own property, and that
she had done the palace routine
once on television and the mate
rial was insufficient for a 90
minute program.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
.Outh-Tukinq
Press Bon
Still Stands
BY the Associated Press

The White House is standing
firm in its refusal to open up tc
newsmen and photographers the
swearing-in of President Essen.
hover for a second term at q
private ceremony Sunday.
Press Secretary James C
Hagerty made this known yester-
day after telling reporters the
President himself had seen some
of the protests filed by repre-
sentativeS of various news media
The Sunday oath-taking, al
the White House, will be limited
to members of the families of
the President and Vice Presi-
dent Nixon.
Mr.. Hagerty said he knew of
mo plan to have a Government
photographer record the scene.
Additional details on the in
Iaugural week end were relcl sed
by Mr.. Hagerty. They were:
The President and Mrs. Eisen-
hover will attend services at the
National Presbyterian Church at
10 am. Sunday. The private
oath-taking will take place
shortly after their return to the
White House.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Minimum Air Force Seen
By Twining in '58 Budget

that reflects how well we fulfil
our responsibilities to the peo.
pie"
Commenting that the new
budget had been presented tc
Congress, the four-star general
then declared:
The Air Force portion Of this
program will enable us to carry
on through the next fiscal year
with the minimum force that ]
consider necessary, without un-
due risk, and I assure you that
we will do everything we can to
give the Nation the most effective
Air Force with the resources
made available to us.
I'VE will not get what we in
the Air Force feel we should
have. Nor will any service get
what 1t feels it requires. de-
cisions on these matters rest on
overall National interest"
In the future, the general
warned, the United States must
continually measure the strength
of its armed forces against that
OF Russia which is improving its
force constantly.
THE Soviets outnumber us BY
thousands Of combat planes" he
said. THE quality Of their air
force is increasing rapidly, and
they show no signs of slowi I,
down."
The general said it must not
be forgotten that the Soviets
developed atomic weapons in
about half the time I'VE esti-
mated"
"They are moving modern
bombers from the drawing board
through production lines in less
time than 1t takes the United
States TO carry out a similar de-
sign-production cycle" he said
We must weigh the results we
are getting. We have clear evil
dence Of Soviet industrial and
military might. These are roots
OF the danger we face today"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Democrats Cool
To Bid 10 Lift
|GI Loan Rates
BY the Associated Press

President Eisenhower's proposal
to increase the maximum interest
rate on CT home loans to 5 pei
cent drew criticism from some
Democrats today. But one key
Republican predicted Congress
would approve it.
Senator Capehart of Indiana
senior Republican on the Senate
Banking Committee, said in ar
interview he would support the
request and that he thought il
would be approved.
But Senator Sparkman, Demo.
crat of Alabama said he looked
with great skepticism" on the
Presidents proposal.
Senator Humphrey, Democrat
OF Minnesota also voiced opposi.
ton to the request to raise the
present Az per cent top limit or
CT home loans made or guaran.
teed by the Veterans Admins.
tration.
Last December the admins.
Itration raised the interest rate
on FHA-insured home loans
from Az per cent to S per cent
excluding a one-half per cent
insurance premium.
CT Loan Money Scarce
CT home loan money has be-
come increasingly scarce since
the going rate on other types
Iof commercial loans has riser
to 5 per cent and above.
Senator Capehart asked:
What lender is going to in
vest in a Az per cent loan when
the other Government-guaran-
teed loans. the FILA loans, are
lat the 5 per cent rate?"
! Senator Sparkman said he
ibid not believe the increase in
the FILA rate had produced the
predicted new flow of mortgage
money for home loans.
j Senator Humphrey said the
Eisenhower administration hao
not used up its power to make
direct VA loans.
league Is Dubious
In the House, Chairman
league, Democrat of Texas, of
the Veterans Committee said the
Presidents request was mot the
ANSWER" to the shortage of
mortgage funds.
There Is no question that an
increase to per cent will pro-
vide some money for veterans
loans in the large cities" ne said.
But it is not the answer to the
needs of veterans in rural areas
who can't get it at ALL"
In a statement issued today,
Mr.. league said:
THE President is, in effect,
saying that at a time when the
administration has on hand $500
million appropriated by the Con-
greSs for loans to veterans which
1t has refused to use, it is neces-
sary for Congress to raise the
interest rate in order that more
money will be made available to
veterans for home loans"
He also announced previously
planned committee hearings on
veterans housing will pegin
January "a.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Protests Mount
lover Tito Visit
BY the Associated Press

A congressional observer sale
today the Government may in.
wife Yugoslav President Tito tt
visit the United States-but moi
until after Congress adjourns.
The source. asking not to be
quoted by name, said he thinks
officials will try in this way tc
avoid giving undue offense either
to the Yugoslav government OF
to protesting members of Con.
greSS.
While no public announce
iment has been made, there have
been reports. undenied officially
that an invitation has already
gone to Marshal Tito through
diplomatic channels and only
the time remains to be arranged
A date in April has beer
mentioned.
mot Welcomed" by People
In a House speech yesterday
Representative Heating, Republi-
can of New York. said that nc
matter how Marshal Tito's
"apologists in official circles may
feel" the Yugoslav President is
not welcomed by the people OF
Congress of the United States.
Mr.. Heating added: IF an in
vitation to make a state visit
here has not been extended to
him, the idea should be i'm
mediately abandoned. If an in
vitation has been proffered. it
should be promptly withdrawn. p"
Another Republican, Represen-
Itative OKonski of Wisconsin,
told the House he would resign
from Congress If Marshal Tito
came to this country as an off,
cial guest.
Representative Hoffman, Re-
publican of Michigan, said in such
a case Mr.. O'Konski should run,
be reelected. and so show the
State Department what the peo-
Iple are thinking"
Others Voice Protests
Other Congressman who have
recently voiced objections to
Marshal Tito as a guest of the
United States include Repre-
sentative Mccormack of Massa-
Ichusetts, House Democratic lead
Ier; Representative Madden,
Democrat of Indiana, and Rep
lresentative Rabaut, democrat of
Michigan.
Opposition stems largely from
groups which have protested the
Communist regimes treatment
of Roman Catholic and other
Iclergymen in that country.
Official entertainment of Mar
shall Tito in the United States
presumably would be in line
with the policy Of limited CO.
operation with Yugoslavia, in
Guiding military aid, adopted
after Marshal Tito's break with
the Soviet Union. 1t has been
defended, among other grounds,
with the argument that other
Eastern European Communist
governments might be encour-
aged to break away from the
Kremlin,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17

WnaL cOulQ De the CnlfQ IN
row for the administration.
One day after receiving the
budget message. House Appro-
priations subcommittee ar
ranged to begin scanning behind
closed doors the fiscal needs of
the Interior, Post Office and
Treasury Departments.
Tax Relief Hopes
Some members are known to
feel that if Congress could cut
the planned spending total by
several billion more. there might
be enough of a surplus to provide
tax relief in 1858, a congressional
election year.
Along with the record-break-
ing expenditures, Mr.. Essen
hover in his budget message
submitted yesterday estimated
revenues for the 1858 fiscal year
at $73.6 billion.
However. any tax reduction
deriving from the anticipated
surplus Of $1.8 billion was ruled
out. Whatever is left over from
the spending in the next fiscal
year-a spending estimate $2.9
billion over the current period
would be used to whittle down
the national debt.
Byrd Voices Skepticism
The rosy prediction of a sur
plus. hailed by the Republicans
as an indication of the sound
ness of the Presidents fiscal
policies, was met with some
skepticism on the part of some
lawmakers, notably Senator
Byrd. Democrat of Virginia.
AS a jealous watchdog over
Government spending for many
years, Senator Byrd said that if
the budget is balanced at the
new level of spending 1T will be
accomplished with increased in
flation."
A Federal fiscal program based
on imitation, Senator Byrd de-
clared, is volatile and danger
ouS."
Hardly had the budget reach
ed the Capitol before a spirited
exchange broke out on the House
floor with a charge by Chair
man Cannon of the House APP
preparations Committee that it
was inflationary. Mr.. Cannon
said the value of the dollar had
deprecated because of spend
ing by Congress under the rec
concentrations and urgent insist
ence of the administration in
the last two or three year."
Mr.. Cannon's tart observations
brought sharp rejoiners from
representative Taber Renrh-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
By JOHN A. GILES

Gen. Nathan F. Twining be-
lieves President Eisenhower
new budget allots the Air Force
less than I'VE should have" but
at the same time will make pos
sible the minimum force that
consider necessary"
The Air Chief of Staff made
his position plain in a speech
last night before the Goldsboro
IN. CO. Chamber of Commerce.
1t followed by a few hours trans
initial Of the fiscal 1858 budget
calling for the Air Force to spend
SITS billion as compared with
1853 billion last year. It also
would authorize the air arm to
make contracts totalling $18.8
billion. approximately $700 mil
lion more than this year.
Last year Gen. Twining told
the House Appropriations Com
mittee that the 1857 fiscal budg-
ct would be about SIS billion less
than would be needed in the
fiscal year starting July /, 1858.
He said at that time:
1.-THE budget for fiscal 1857 is
austere. It meets only our most
essential needs on a minimum
basis. To keep the minimum pro-
gram going and to reach and
support 1877 wings will require
an increased budget in 1883"
On that basis he supported
the program. However, the new
Air Force goal now is 1913 wings.
Gen. Twining referred in his
speech last night to his recent
visit to Russia and commented
that he asked the Communists
about their budget.
1T was very difficult to get
them to understand what
meant" he said. They apparent
~ have no budget as such.
There are times when l wish
that budgets were unknown to
me-" he continued. However, the
budget is a necessary part Of our
way OF life and an instrument
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Fire Started by Stove
In Auto Buildino

Fire started by an overheated
oil stove caused damage esti-
mated at several thousand dol
lars to a former gas station build
ing at 1900 Rhode Island avenue,
Hyattsville, yesterday.
Hyattsville Fire Chief Charles
Divincinzo said the building now
is part of a used car business.
Cleaning goods and rags we're in
side the building when flames
Ienveloped it about II am.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Soviet Mental Putients

SACRAMENTO, Calf. (R). -
Mental patients in Russia have
government pensions and appear
better dressed than the average
person on the streets, reported
DR.. Ephraim C. Korol after a
two-month study tour of Russian
and Scandinavian hospitals. DR.
korol is a physician at the Napa,
Calf, State Hospital.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17

ilican of New York, and Rep
resentative Halleck of Indiana,
the assistant House Republican
leader.
At the same time, however.
Representative Taber, senior
Republican member of the APP
preparations Committee. said the
budget can and will" be cut by
Congress.
There is a tremendous lot of
waste. especially in the Defense
Department" Mr.. Taber said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-17
Both Parties Pledge Effort
ToCut Record BUDGET

With Republicans and Democrats promising to WELD the
pairing knife where possible Congress began today study
detail of President Eenhowers record peaceme budget
$718 billion for the fiscal year starting July l..
An evident feeling of disappointment part of some
members counered by the promise balanced budget
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

Two long strips Of ragged cloth,
which passed for wraparound
puttees. blighted most of my stay
at the Legion's headquarters. The
French, never notorious for vast
ing money. issued recruits bits and
pieces Of outmoded uniforms.
The puttees thrown at me by a
polyglot supply sergeant must have
been relics of World War I. When
] tried to wrap them in the morn
ing, ! succeeded only In hobbling
my ankles. This made me late for
roll call, which was disastrous.
Once when my name came UP at
morning muster, the company wag
shouted Deserted" ALI that after
noon I faced the inquisitors Of mill
tary intelligence, trying to explain
that I hadn't really escaped, but
only tied myself up in the barracks,
Thereafter. and until stole some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

Of pinard. a potent red wine. A
17-year-old accustomed TO strong
drink - on Christmas and New
Year's-I found that the afternoons
often slipped by in q golden haze.
A high holiday was granted all
hands on November IL to commem-
crate the end Of World War /. The
menu that day included roast beef.
green salad, hot bread and white
wine as well as red.
That afternoon the whole base.
even the ragged candidates." fell
out on the parade ground to listen
to patriotic speeches.
At the end Of each one. the
parade commander would thunder,
"Guardez vousl' (ten-shunD while
the Justly famous Legion band
played the national anthem.
Seventeen times we stiffened 10
the martial strains. Even today the
opening bars Of La Marseillaise
make me want to sit down.
! stayed In Fec for . couple Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
STARTING DATE DELAYED
Unions Map White-CoIIor Drive

hope Of becoming part Of It. labor
leaders say.
In organizing these people and
other white collar workers the
unions don't believe they can use
the same tactics they use for indus
trial laborers. For one thing, they'll
hire a different kind Of organizer
than that used in factory unioniza-
ton. Harold Almond, recently
hired by the Retail Clerks Interna-
tionai Association to organize de-
partment store employees in Chicago.
has the sort Of background that
will be sought. He's q graduate of
Cornell and formerly was in the
personnel department Of Mays in
New York City.
william F. Schnitzler, AFL-CIO
secretary-treasurer. says, Maybe
we need in our ranks Of organizers
more women-women with ONCE
experience; women who understand
the grievances Of the typist; women
who understand women"
Some Gods
The unions successes or lack Of
them ultimately will depend on
what they can do for white collar
workers. Aside from the usual OBJ.
jective Of getting more money for
all employees, unions have q list Of
other goals for white collar workers
which they will stress in their
organizing efforts. These include:
/. On-the-job training for new
work when an employee is displaced
by q machine. The United Steel
workers signed a contract with
United States Steel last fall cover
ing white collar workers which
contained clause providing for
such training.
2. Equal pay for women. MIR.
Reuther says there's a great deal
of discrimination based solely on
sex. He believes that by fighting
1t the unions can win many of the
women who compose such large
part Of Office forces.
3. Promotion systems based on
ability and seniority. Too often
promotions in an Office are based
on how much the boss likes you
personally, the unionist contend.
They believe this is wrong.
4. Established grievance proce-
dure. The systems used by indus
trial labor will be used as pattern
here.
S. Proper classification for work
done. The AFL-CIO believes this
will mean more pay for many peo-
pie who are doing a higher grade
of work than their salary indicates.
In advance of the big all-union
campaign, individual unions are
pecking away at white-collar work.
ers. The AFL-CIO says there are
now million organized. with l3
million to 60. The 3 million in
cludes chiefly newspaper reporters,
technicians. actors, musicians, air.
line captains, teachers, postal work.
ers. retail clerks and telephone
operators.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
By SHIRLEY II. sCHEIBLA

The AFL-CIO has ambitious
plans for a white-collar worker
organizing drive on the scale Of the
tremendous blue collar unionizing
push of the thirties. but it has put
them on the shelf for now.
The hostile atmosphere result
ing from the Senate labor man-
agement racketeering hearings is
the reason given for this decision.
Seasoned labor leaders will tell
you that the right atmosphere" is
a primary requirement for big scale
organizing. One union spokesman
says he's afraid it may be quite
awhile" before the current hula
baloo blows over. Another predicts
1t will be two years before that at
moSphere is right" again.
The unions have no intention,
however. Of crawling into a shell
and dropping the whole idea Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

agents informed me that as I was
an American. my application forms
must be sent to Paris for final
approval.
International Risk
Several days later I was mount
ing guard over some empty oil
drums when q military police cor
poral took me TO the adjutant's
office.
There a major with guardee mus
taches who spoke better English
than !, tactfully explained that
although would doubtless make
capital Legionnaire. Paris had de-
MED him the pleasure of enlisting
me.
So many Of my countrymen, he
went on, frightened their Congress-
men with tales Of shanghaiing and
impressment that Paris was reluc-
tant to risk further international
harassment.
He wished me luck and sent me to
the sergeant majors Office. where
I received my mastering pay.
This consisted Of q train ticket
to oran. a huge wheel Of bread, and
the family-siEe can Of sardines--l0
fish and a vast amount Of oil.
AS the train pulled into Maison
Care, an Arab child thrust his
head in the compartment and
asked in French II l wanted to buy
some oranges.
With ire befitting an almost
veteran Of La Legion Granger,
snapped back In Arabic-"Vash
halk. imshi. (Scram. beat IT'D
"Then how about some art stud
les. Joe7" he said In English.
Give me three oranges" re-
piled. this time In my native tongue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
There's q Loneliness at the Top,
Says One Man Who Lives There

Greenewalt, with one vote on the
executive committee. has been
known to end up on the losing end
of a split decision although gener-
ally he is regarded as an effective
exponent Of his point of view.
The current and tenth president
Of du Pont was born in Philadel-
phia. His father was a physician;
his mother, concert pianist. Both
parents were friends of the Will
mington du Points, and young
Greenewalt and Margaretta du
Pont played together as children.
Educated at William Penn Char
ter School and NIT, Mr.. Greene
walt went to work for du Pont In
1922 as chemist. He came up the
ranks in a variety Of jobs control
chemist, group leader. director of
several research groups, assistant
director Of the experimental station,
during which time his name APP
peared on ID patents, and later as
sistant general manager Of the pig
ments department.
In 1912, when du Point took on
the job Of building the Hanford
atomic plant for the Government,
it was Mr.. Greenewalt, who was
technical director and chief liaison
man between the nuclear physicists
and the production men. He ended
up with the respect of both groups
and in 1916 was elected q vice pres
ident and member Of the executive
committee. Two years later he was
made president.
A Wealthy Man
Long before this. Mr.. Greenewalt
had become an Independently
wealthy man. It is no longer a
secret that on his wedding day in
1926 his father-in-law, Irenee
du Pont, gave him 1000 shares of
Christiana Corp. the du Pont hold
ing company. It is also no secret
that today each share Of Christi
ana is worth $4,000.
Skeptics might ask: Would Mr..
Greenewalt have become president
If he had married a girl named
Smith?
You bet he would" says Irenee
Du Pont. TT had nothing to do with
his marriage and everything to do
with his ability"
CThs Associated Press)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

weeks, awaiting transport to Sidi-
bel-Abbes in Algeria. where re-
cruits were processed.
When my American origin be-
came known, ! became the victim Of
q popular practical joke.
do you speak English?" ! would
ask q Legionnaire.
II speak English very WE'LL" was
the inevitable reply. 'but I speak 1t
NIGHT zu schnell."
One Of the young Germans who
spoke English "nicht IA schnel"
at first doubted my authenticity.
He had been POW In the United
States. where ne played the piano
in an Army officers club.
Willie Baden thought that any
professed American who didn't
know the third and fourth verses
Of such classics as Don't Sit Under
the Apple Tree" and praise the
Lord and Pass the Ammunition"
was suspect, to say the least.
But Willie and another former
member Of the Afrika Korps pieced
together q uniform for me and
we wangled o pass to town. It was
an exciting prospect after many
days picking UP cigarette butts and
sweeping the company streets with
a palm frond broom under the
African sun.
The three Of us staggered into
the old city Of Fee, where Willie
led us through twisted Casbah
alleys TO a great house. He slipped
the ferret-like doorkeeper some
money and we entered.
Inside ! saw 1.-THE Black Swan"
q seagoing horse opera starring
Tyrone Power. complete with
French sound track. Black market
Cokes after the movie completed
our dissipation.