davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07

comments could apply to al
parts"
article Attacked
The article in Nations Bust
ness. a publication of the
Chamber of Commerce of the
United States, has been under
attack here most of this week
at meetings of the NRA's Board
of Directors and in converse
tons among delegates.
DR.. Griffith informed the
MIRA last June the article was
prepared at the specific request
Of Representative Ralph w
Gwinn Republican of New
York;, who was later joined by
16 other members of congress
He said the request was fol
data. along with opinions and
arguments of authorities and
commentators, as to the adj
verse effects of governmental
activity on the operation of the
private enterprise economy.
Signed by Eight
The letter made public today
was signed by Representative
Engle, Democrat of California
chairman of the House interior
Committee; Representative AS.
pinall, Democrat of Colorado
chairman of the Irrigation anC
Reclamation Subco mmittee,
Representative A. L. Miller, Re-
publican of Nebraska. ranking
Republican member; and Rep.
resentatives Dawson. Republic
can of Utah. Udall. Democrat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07
EdeIsberg Reelected
To Civil Liberties Post

Washington attorney Her.
man Edelsberg has been re-
elected chairman of the Ma
tional Civil Liberties Clearing
House.
Mr.. Edelsberg has been local
director of the Anti-Defama-
ton League of B'nai Birth for
the last 10 years.
Others elected to the TO-
organization association were.
Kenneth Birkhead, Boris
Shishkin, DR.. Robert E. Van
Deusen and Miss Virginia Kin
naird, vice chairman. and Miss
Irma Piepho. secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07
6 in Auto Killed
By lndiunu Truin

SOUTH BEND. Ind, nov. 7
R.-An automobile carrying
five women and a boy to a So
cial gathering drove into the
path of a f1igh-speed tr@in al
New Carlisle last night and all
six were killed.
The victims, all residents oil
the Eew Carlisle community
west of here, were Jean Van
denberg. 80; Mrs. Irene Will
liams, As. and her daughter
Mary Ann, II; Mrs. Aleen
Spencer, so, and her son, Mi
chael. II. and Mrs. Pauline
Barker. So.
State police said they be-
lieved Mrs. VandenberE. the
driver. apparently had stopped
at the double track to let q
westbound freight train pass
and then started up into the
path of the other train.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07

pany'S tax status prepared by
William Falk. chief commission
accountant.
Also discussed was the ques-
ton of abandoning streetcars.
Mr.. Chalk said he submitted
copies of letters exchanged be-
tween himself and Chairman
Mcmillan OF the House District
Committee on this subject.
Mr.. Mcmillan, on Monday,
wrote Mr.. Chalk that he plans
to sponsor legislation to change
the Transit franchise to retain
streetcars. Mr.. Chalk, in let
ter Tuesday, Endorsed the idea
OF such legislation.
Mclaughlin Opposed
The franchise requires con-
version of the Washington
transit system to buses by 1868
unless the utilities commission
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07

Iof Arizona. Chenoweth. Repub-
Ilican of Colorado, Rhodes, Re-
publican of Arizona, and Dele
gate Burns, Democrat of Ha-
wall.
I'VE believe the Legislative
Reference Service has been
wrongly used in this instance
and that you should not have
extended your service to in
clude conclusions in the re-
port" the letter said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07

finds good reason for granting
an extension.
Commissioner Robert E. Nc
Laughlin yesterday said he OPP
poses changing the franchise.
However, Col. Alvin c. yelling,
Engineer Commissioner, who
represents the Board of Com
misSioners on the utilities COM
mission, said he had no opinion
on the question. inaSmuch as
he was not acquainted with
the BACKGROUND of the fran
chise.
Progress Reported
Mr.. Chalk and commission
chairman George E. c. Hayes,
in joint announcement, said
yesterdays meeting produced
progress" toward a settlement
of the financial questions sur
rounding the company's gas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-07
Transit Gas Tex RuIinq
Awaits More Doto

The Public Utilities Commission awaiting nfor-
nation from the D. c. Transit System before deciding
lions relating to the company earnings and tax liabilities
o. Roy Chalk, Transit president met with commission
members for three and half hours yesterday The closed
meeting dealt partly with report the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Aspiring Senator Votes With Dixie
On Rights Bill and Gets Anoy Mail
DORIS FLEEsON

Senator John F. Kennedy of
Massachusetts, has been re-
ceiving angry mail from big
city States attacking him for
voting with the South on the
first civil rights test last week.
K enne dy is the attractive
young politician who got al
most enough Southern support
to put him over for Vice Presi-
dent on the Stevenson ticket
last year.
His correspondents suggest
he is only angling for the
South's favor again in 1860,
The disputed vote actually was
on a procedural question. and
several Democratic liberals
shared the South's view.
That Kennedy is launched
on an expensive and extensive
campaign to become the first
Catholic President or Vice
President of the United States
is we'll known. He can expect
that his every vote will be
thoroughly dissected by inter-
ested groups from here on in.
This is fair. The young
Senator lacks a record of sub
Stantive achievement which
would clearly define his politi-
cal philosophy. He still owes
much to the happy circum-
stances of his birth into a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
THOMAS L. STOKES
Prelude to the Civil Rights Fight

went into periodic sham battles
over civil rights with an under
standing with Southern Demo-
Gratis that. after a time. the
fight would be called off. The
Californian let it be known
privately that he would not
have undertaken this fight had
he not meant to go through
with it-and he has a reputa-
ton among his colleagues of
meaning exactly what he says,
and doing it, and no fooling.
Aside from Senator Know
lands determination and Sen
ator Russell's bitterness, there
are other signs of desperation
among the Southerners. One
was the threa t by Senator
Spessard Holland of Florida
that some Southern States
would abolish public schools
rather than permit indignation,
as. in fact. some already have
enacted laws to do. Another
is the belief that not all of the
% Southern Senators from the
IL Southern States are ready
to wear themselves out in a
last-ditch filibuster, though
they probably will all make
speeches.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

family of great wealth and
political appeal.
The Kennedy civil rights
vote suggests that he would.
indeed, like to keep his friends
in the South and is aware that
the Southerners very often
exercise a veto power over
Democratic national nomi-
nees. AS a student of Ameri-
can institutions-hiS "Profiles
in Courage" is a best-seller-
Kennedy is probably also a
conservative in matters OF
Senate tradition and rules.
But there is much more to
the story than that, and it has
important meaning for the
future of the Democratic
Party. What has been hap
pening is that the industrial
East has not been able to lick
the rapidly industrializing
Southerners and is doing its
best to join them.
This alliance, long in the
making, was foreShadowed at
the Democratic National Con-
vention last year in the
making of the party plat
form.
Always free traders. Demo-
Gratis had vociferously sup
ported the reciprocal trade
agreements ever since Cordell
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Kennedy Looks to the South

Hull, a Democratic Senator
and Secretary of State. devised
them early in the New Deal.
But in 1856. the platform
makers. headed by another
man from Massachusetts,
House Majority Leader John
McCormack-added something
to the customary praise of
reciprocal trade. 1t was a
demand. in effect. for protec-
ton of important segments
of our economy" from serious
economic injury"
The injury naturally was
blamed on the Republicans.
But the alleged victim. in
formed observers realized. was
the textile industry of New
England and the South.
The South'S economic
changes have been reflected in
other ways. notably its COOL
ing-off in matters of foreign
policy. especially foreign aid.
Senator Talmadge of Georgia.
nationalist successor to the
great Observation-Disclosures
Senator Georges a chief
spokesman for this new South.
Kennedy is up for re-elec-
ton next year and can be ex-
pected to repeat the promises
he has often made to support
and defend the economy of
New England. The doing of
it is just one of his problems
as he strives for national
stature and the 1860 laurels.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
House Group Studying Rulings Effects
Seen Confronted by Tribunals Curbs

place of the executive order
setting forth the Presidents
loyalty and security program.
1t was this order whose scope
was subsequently modified by
the Supreme Courts decision
in the Cole case. Among the
recommendations of the sug-
gested bill is the point that a
distinction should be made
between employees in security
sensitive" agencies and ordi-
nary employees of the Govern
ment.
The Supreme Court itself
had under consideration at the
time the Cole case and, in a
decision handed down on June
IL. 1856. made just such a
distinction. The Court said
the Congress didn't mean to
allow nonsensitive agencies to
be covered by the Presidents
regulations.
Moody left the service of the
Chief Justice a few days after
the decision in the Cole case
was handed down, as the term
of the court ended. Moody,
of course, had just as much
right to publish his article as
the justices, themselves. seem
to assert off the bench in max
ing public speeches on contro-
versial issues of the day.
Unquestionably, Moody
knows a lot about the powers
of Congress in these matters
and, in the article in the
California Law Review which
he co-authored, a footnote
occurs: For what it may be
worth, it is the writer's belief
that some type of Federal Sc
curity program is both politi-
cally and socially justifiable."
But the article points out that
Congress should exclude from
consideration as charges by
any executive department
against any employe such
things as the signing of petit
tions. presence lat a gathering
of two or more people," use of
an alias, attendance at educa-
tional institutions, travel out
side the United States. 1t isn't
clear from the article whether
all questions relative to such
points would be barred from
inquiry or merely omitted in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Northrop Gets Contract
For 5,0O0-MiIe Shark

| A $73 million contract for pro-
duction of the Shark, frs
nuclear warhead intercontinen'
tai guided missile, has beer
placed by the Air Force.
The department announced
last night that Northrop Air.
craft. Inc. will produce the
S, 00O-mile missile for delivery tt
operational units of the Strate.
.gic Air Command. The deliverie;
are expected to begin late thi;
year.
The Shark is a jet-powerec
pilotleSS bomber.
The Air Force said the Shark
has been tested in numerous
successful flights" at Patrick Ali
Force Base. Fla.
However, according to an Of
fetal Pentagon statement last
December Z. the Shark failed
to negotiate its turn" and con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

ever proposed in legislation gov
ernlng general elections. pri-
maries, nominating conventions
and caucuses of political parties.
The bill widens the definition
of political committee" to in
.clude all groups raising or spend
ing campaign funds totaling
81 900 or more. Under present
law a political committee has a
much narrower definition and
excludes regular State or local
committees of political parties.
Would Require List
Federal Office candidates would
be required to publish a complete
list of political committees au-
thorized by them in order to dis
close their political Affiliations,
Such candidates as we'll as politi-
cal committees would be required
to file detailed statements of con-
tributions and expenditures.
Such filing would be done not
only with the Senate and House
but also with Federal court
clerks in the respective district:
including the District of Colum-
bia. The committee said this
provision is designed ito afford
the widest possible disclosure OF
campaign financing and to make
the reports available to all citi-
zens for scrutiny"
Administration and Official
supervision Of these requirements
would be vested in the Controller
General who would publish pc
riodic reports and also announce
any violations of the law.
In repeating the present So
million limit on campaign con-
tributionS and expenditures fol-
political committees operating
in two or more States, the bill
establishes another formula
which committee members said
would limit national political
committees to about Sl2 million
The ceiling. according TO the
bill. is Limited by the amount
obtained by multiplying 20 cents
by the highest number of voter.
casting votes for all candidate,
for the Office Of Presidential
elector in any one Of the last
three elections for that Office.
Ceiling Not Effective
Noting that the new provision
would not be restricted TO the
Democratic and Republican Ma
tional Committees. the commit
tee commented: The ceiling
provided by the existing law has
proved ineffective. In practice
new national political commit
tees have been created where
lexisting political committees
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

the incoming particles may be
achieved.
An "all-sky camera" which
surveys the entire sky from
horizon to horizon has been de-
veloped especially for the ICY
aurora program. 1t will take
motion pictures of the aurora as
it appears and goes through its
successive stages. This camera
will provide a complete record
of what is very difficult to de-
scribe in scientific terms. These
records will be compared with
those made by other cameras
at the other side of the earth
Seek Data on Energy
Detailed information on the
energy of aurora producing par.
ticleS and the different lnten-
stiles in infra-red and ultra
violet light will be obtained with
instruments known as spectre
graphs and spectrometerS.
BY recording the variations Of
light of specific colors. the
auroral distribution in heighth
and latitude, and the behavior Of
short Lived auroral displays
correlation studies will be made
with magnetic, cosmic ray anc
other disturbances.
When the scientists cannot
observe the aurora usually OF
take photographs of it. they hope
to follow it's course with radar
This is important on cloudy
nights, and in daylight when the
lights are invisible to the naked
eye. The phenomenon also will
be studied by means of radio
and radio astronomy through
its supposed interference with
the arrival on earth of radio
waves from distant stars.
Tomorrow: COsmic Rays Pelt
the Earth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
DAVID LAWRENCE

The Judiciary Committee of
the House of Representatives
wants to know how far the re-
cent decisions of the Supreme
Court go toward limiting or
Gripping the investigative
powers of Congress. So spe-
cial committee of five MEM
bers has been appointed to
conduct an inquiry.
But before any such inquiry
can be effective. will the House
of Representatives accept the
Supreme Courts edict and
pass a resolution stating ex-
actly what it wishes to inves-
tigate, and, if it should decide
to call any witnesses. will the
committee make clear in ad-
vance just what the witnesses
are to be asked?
Any investigation probably
will be useless unless the House
of Representatives is prepared
to assert fully its prerogatives
under the Constitution, which
says each House can make its
own rules governing its pro-
ceedings.
There are lots of things
about the operations of the
Supreme Court of the United
States which, under the right
to know" doctrine, Congress
can seek to learn.
There is, for example, the
role of law clerks" Maybe
they ought to be summoned
to testify to explain recent
decisions. Some of these aides
are brilliant students of the
law and perhaps know more
about the new-fangled reason
ing in the so-called liberal"
decisions than do some of the
justices themselves.
In the March, 1856, issue of
the California Law Review,
for instance, there was pub
lished an article entitled 1.-The
Federal Loyalty-Security Pro-
gram: A Proposed Statute"
One of its three authors was
Graham B. Moody. jr., who
was described in footnote as
head law clerk to the Chief
Justice of the United States"
Moody, in this article. pro-
posed bill which Congress
was evidently urged to enact in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Secretary of State Dulles says won't last Well
that's that. Anybody for badmnton?
Today's CT has to be physically fit He has be able
pick his feet shoulder arms-and throw himself the
mercy of a foreign court.
Democrat: fellow who admits he's making money
than before but complains he place spend
because of this lousy Republican weather
Peterson says every home needs
hurricane warning device Until light in the window
has been warning enough for guy coming home at
The difference between modern Republicans regular
Republicans has been greatly exaggerated Actually it's only
about $40 billion year.
It's revealed the State Department buys opinion polls and
whisky from emergency funds Well after learn what
folks think you you may couple of
United Information Agency ships 22-page
hover biographies Taxpayer Eisenhower
page?"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

auroral disturbances occur
mostly in polar and subpolar re-
gions, it is in these frozen and
desolate places that mainte-
nance of satisfactory communi-
cations is most important.
1T is known that the aurora
causes many anomalous effects
For example. the density of Joni
zation stripping outer electrons
off atoms. causing electric cur
rentS) may get so large that very
high frequency radio waves may
be picked up at distances far be-
yond expectation. This has
happened notably in the case OF
television.)
More important are the in
terfering effects on radio waves
which cause messages to be UNI
Ineligible, or the absorption
which may be so great that no
message at all can get through
Watching the aurora in the
northern sky, the ordinary OBJ
server may not realize that per-
haps a pilot flying across the
North Atlantic may be in serious
trouble because of it."
Wide Eyed Camera to Help
Systematic observations will
be made in both the Arctic and
the Antarctic. with a major ef-
fort to establish time correla-
tions between the appearance OF
the lights" at the opposite ends
of the world. If simultaneous
occurrences can be shown, sig-
Iniflcant theoretical advances ex-
planning the nature and origin OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

lican Senate leader-Senator
William F. Knowland of Cali
fornia. He said it is his in
tention to bring up the issue
next week by his motion to
take the administration civil
rights bill off the calendar,
where it was put under ex-
traordinary procedure a few
days ago that bypassed the
judiciary Committee, and to
keep the question before the
Senate until disposed Of"
This was followed by a brief
discussion by Republican lead
ers OF ways and means of or
ganizing squads for all-night
guard duty during the certain
filibuSter by the Democrats.
The Republican aim is to keep
the Senate in continuous SEES
sion in the effort to wear down
the Southerners. stop their
talk marathon, and eventually
get vote.
Senator Knowland is in deep
earnest, unlike some Republic
can leaders of the past who
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
Investigating Court Decisions

setting up standards" to as
sure that discharges from
Government employment
would not occur solely on ac-
count of their associations
or passive activity"
Moody's point Of view seems
to have been borne out or
confirmed in the Supreme
Court decisions which fol-
lowed. This would appear to in
dictate that, while the justices.
themselves, might decline to
testify before the new COM
mittee of the House, maybe
the talented law clerks could
shed some light on the reason
ing processes of some of the
justices. For the court now
holds that individual rights
virtually supersede the right of
the Nation to protect itself
against subversion. 1t accepts
the so-called liberal" view
that congressional investiga-
tors have no right under the
Constitution to compel answers
from witnesses if the questions
relate to beliefs. past associa-
lions or political" concepts.
The word political" presum-
ably now covers the Communist
Party, though Congress has
refused to dignity the Com
munist organization as a
legitimate political party in
this country but holds it to be
the agent of a foreign power
hostile to the interests of the
United States.
The House Judiciary Com
mittee will not get very far
with its inquiry unless it is
prepared to investigate the
processes of the Supreme
Court itself. For the American
people have the right to find
out who writes the decisions
of the Supreme Court today
the justices or their law
clerks" If the "law clerks"
have such influence, should
not each perhaps be rec
ognized with the title of
assistant justice" and be ap-
pointed hereafter subject to
confirmation by the Senate.
Just as are the justices them
selves and the 'policy-making"
officials who assist the top
level members of the execu-
tive branch of the Govern
ment?
Reproduction Rights Reseryed)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03

tinued its flight for some 5000
miles into the jungles of Brazil
That missile. the announce
ment said, expended its fuel
and presumably crashed inland"
1t never was found. 1t carried no
Warhead.
First Weapons Output
The contract is the first for
actual production of the weapon,
although numerous test versions
and ground support equipment
have been made at Northrop's
Hawthorne (Calif) plant for at
least six years.
Acceptance of the Shark to
augment the striking power of
the long range strategic air fleet
steps up the timetable for serv-
ice use of long-range ballistic
missiles, which now are under
development and in the test
flight stage.
Availability of the missile,
which cruises at high subsonic
(760 miles an hour speed and
is controlled by a Northrop-
developed guidance system,
figured in the Air Force decision.
The Sharks will be launched
from an air transportable
launcher. The launchers are
towed by a tractor or half-track
and any small, fiat piece of
ground can become a launching
site. With three launchers set
up at a single site, 20 Sharks
can be held and fired during a
24-hour period. The length of
the launcher is 90 feet and its
width is 10 feet. Its retracted
height is Z feet.
Boosted by Rockets
At launching, the Pratt and
Whitney G-57 turbo jet is de-
veloping full thrust and a pair
of rockets boost the Shark off
the launcher. The total thrust
accelerates it to flying speed and
lit climbs to high altitude. Near
the target it pushes over into
Ia dive and slams into its goal
at supersonic speed.
The Sharks overall length is
SO feet; its wing span is 80
feet and overall height. Is feet.
1t can carry any first priority
warhead, including nuclear
charges, over range listed
officially in the 5,00O-mile class.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-03
ScientoIoeists Open
Sessions Tomorrow

Knowing how to know will be
the question when between 300
and 400 "scientologists" congre-
gate here tomorrow.
Scientologists are those per-
sons who know, or seek to know,
the best and fastest routes to
knoWledge-in other words, men,
tai efficiency experts.
The four-day Congress of East
ern Scientologists will be held
in the Shoreham Hotel to pool
all new group techniques and
''rehabilitate the field" accord
ing to DR.. Richard Stoves. man
ager of the congress.
The congresses, which are
usually called twice a year, were
established and are sponsored
by the Academy of Scientology.
1912 Nineteenth street NV.