davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
BY UNA MARsON

AS one who has lived both under
British colonial rule in Jamaica
and with the rulers in England,
feel that the time has come when
those who have been so critical Of
British colonial policy should. in
all fairness, acknowledge it is not
all to the bad.
Perhaps it seems strange that
such an opinion should come from
a colonial. What has being a colo
NAL done for me educationally, So
cially, politically, economically?
These are questions I never asked
myself until my American friends
raised them And from their tone
sometimes had the feeling that
my questioners had gone to sleep
about the time of the abolition
of slavery in the British colonies
and now. suddenly awake. were
asking whats new?"
AS I reflect on the progress and
development in my own island Of
Jamaica during the past half CEN
fury, have a feeling of pride and,
strangely perhaps, no resentment
at all against my colonial masters.
And when I am patronized and
pitied because ! am British CO.
lonial I have difficulty understand
ing the reason. For as look back
over my childhood, my school years
and my early adult years in ia
maica, the only problem that really
comes clearly to mind is the Short
age of money. And we who have
lived through the past few dec
AIDES know that there are many
things worse than being poor
things like hatred, tyranny, die
tatorship, communism.
A Happy Lond
We were happy children in CO.
lonial Jamaica. Never did a British
officer tell us to do anything. My
father was a preacher, a school
manager and justice of the peace.
We had white and colored visitors
to our home. We had no problems
Of race or creed or color or caste.
AS children in elementary schools,
We sang the multiplication tables
and quickly mastered them under
the guidance of stern teachers who
used the strap literally. We did
not have to salute the Union Jack
or say a pledge to Britain.
Once year. on Empire Day, we
dressed up and marched and sang
that "Britons never, never. never
will be slaves" And we were proud
Of our heritage of British heroes.
We were. to be sure. children
with no native language written in
books, with grandparents who could
recall the dark days of slavery.
Some of us carried the blood of
Britishers crossed with that of our
African mothers. But our colonial
foster fathers. the best of them.
gave us what they had.
For Jamaica, the evil days of
slavery ended in 1888 and with it
went the fabulously rich sugar bar
on who sent his thousands back
to Britain to prepare a luxurious
place for his return. From the land
that had sent the planter who ex-
plotted his slaves came men and
women to fight against injustice
and to heal and bless. When the
full colonial history comes to be
written, it will be found that the
seeds Of freedom and justice, dis
ciple and discipline and honor that
are now Towering were planted by
those godly men and women who
gave themselves so unspairingly.
But what about the shadows in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
BY ANN COTTRELL FREE

Growing political concern over an
issue not often discussed by law
makers, though it involves both
heart and purse. is shaping UP in
Congress.
The issue is the extent to which
the Federal Government should
spread its mantle of protection over
animals. Specifically, should there
be law providing more merciful
death for the millions of animals
and fowl sold in interstate COM
merce each year?
On Tuesday, House agriculture
subcommittee will hear witnesses
and examine five bills asking for
compulsory humane slaughter. La
ter, a Senate committee will study
four bills.
The compulsory bills all ask that
effective methods be used to make
animals inSensible to the thrust
Of the knife. They provide for
two-year compliance period and
exempt slaughter practices of religi-
This 1857 congressional drive for
humane slaughter is bipartisan.
The Department OF Agriculture,
however, takes the view OF the meat
packers and opposes the proposed
law.
Avoid Emotional Appeal
Supporters of compulsory legis-
lation avoid emotion and stick. in
stead, to facts and figures. The
chief battle-ground is economics.
The issue turns on packers willing
ness to "retool' to modern ways.
Packers freely admit their prime
worry is the expense OF installing
anesthetizing equipment. But hui
name groups maintain that such
equipment pays for initial expendi-
lures in the long run.
While that dispute continues,
these facts emerge:
. Practical methods for humane
dispatch are available.
. Fifteen countries, all or In part,
require humane methods.
. Meat packing accident rate
nearly doubles that Of general man
ufacturing.
. Meat packers lose millions an
nually from meat bruised or other
wise damaged during slaughter.
Economic loss in slaughter houses
due to injury OF man and beast is
unusually high in this country. The
struggle Of excited animals often
Injuries workmen. The Labor De-
partment says that there are 2l.3
accidents per million manhours in
the peat packing industry COM
pared TO l2.1 In general manu-
featuring.
Injuries TO animals are meas
ured by losses suffered when bruised
meat is turned down by inspectors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
SENATE

Fulbright amendment to corpo-
rate tax extension bill to aid small
corporations.
AGAINST: Byrd and Robertson OF virginia
and Butler and Beall OF Maryland,
S ACT. River and harbor, beach
erosion control and flood control
projects. Hruska's motion to re-
commit to committee with instruc-
tons TO reduce by at least $3.50
million. Rejected. 27-55, March %.
FOR: Byrd Of virginia
NOT VOTING; Robertson Of Virginia.
Paired for.
ABSENT: Beal, Butler OF Maryland.
S 497. Passage Of the bill Passed,
1922, March %.
AGAINST; Byrd Of virginia.
NOT NOT1NG Robertson OF Virginia.
Paired against. Beail Of Maryland
Paired for. Butler Of Northumberland.
(congressional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
MERCY MEASURE
Congress Shows Interest
In Humane Slaughter

Such losses cost packers SIC mil
lion in 1855.
Few persons dispute that injury
to man and beast can be elimi-
mated If animals are anesthetized
before being killed. The George A.
HORNED Co., the first to develop
the carbon dioxide tunnel, reports
saving of $4,000 on bruised
hams the first year. Also the acct
dent rate among workers dropped.
During Senate Agriculture Sub
committee hearings last spring
conducted by Senator Hubert Hum
phrey. Democrat of Minnesota. on
his bill. r. w. Regensburger of
Swift g. Co.. representing the
American Meat Institute, went to
the heart of the packers objec-
ton:
The cost of installing facili-
ties is exceedingly high by
reason of building alterations and
new enclosures to accommodate
the unit"
The equipment runs in price from
$500 for small units to $4,000
for the largest.
Somewhat less opposition is
voiced over the adoption of SUBJ
stitutes for the traditional poleaxe
used to knock out beef cattle. AL
ready about dozen companies are
using more efficient weapons. such
as the captive bolt pistol or a spe-
cial stunning gun developed by
Remington Arms. Packers chief
economic worry along this line has
not been cost of weapon (prices
range from 500 to 5000 but dam
age to marketable beef brains.
Utoh Sidelieht
A dramatic political sidelight to
the slaughter issue is being enacted
by three Republican Mormons from
Utah. In one corner Representa-
tive William A. Dawson. In the
other, Agriculture Secretary Ezra
Taft Benson and Senator Arthur
v. Watkins.
Mr.. Dawson introduced COM
pulsory slaughter bill after several
letters to Secretary Benson. He was
convinced that maintenance of the
status quo was the objective Of
both the department and the
packers.
Mr.. DawSon's bill. along with
the other six introduced this ses-
sion, apparently prompted the in
PRODUCTION of Senator Watkins bill.
AS pressure for legislation mounted,
Agriculture and the packers real
lied that their view should be en-
bodied in legislation. too. That
view, as presented in S. 1918 by
Senator Watkins, provides for Ag-
riculture Department Enhanced
study and development of improved
methods. Senator Watkins does
not ask for compulsory adoption
Of humane methods, but encour-
ages their acceptance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
A Colonial Looks Back

this portrait? What about the
weaknesses of colonial government?
Some Were lnept
can recall many. Inept gov
errors and officials who cared little
about the welfare of the people
were common. They came out to
do a job; they tried to do it to
the precise letter of the laval
though sometimes ignoring the
spirit-and looked forward to going
back to Britain and retirement in
good favor.
Some were snobbish and arro-
CANT. But now and again there
were men like Sidney Olivier, the
great British Fabian, who from
1900 to 1913 was colonial secretary
and later became governor. He
proved to be not only a brilliant
administrator but friend of all
the people and he frequently wrote
and argued with the Colonial Of
flee and in the House Of Lords in
our behalf.
Degrading prejudice? In some
places yes. For many years, when
honored guests like royalty came
to the island or when special gov
eminent functions were held, few
colored people were invited. Today,
however, on such occasions ia
maicans are invited in increasing
numbers.
Poverty caused by neglect? This
cannot be gainsaid. Britain's' sins
of omission towards her colonial
peoples are legion. Most agricul-
tural countries Ia the tropics are
poor. In Jamaica our whole econ
omy may be completely jolted by
hurricane that fells millions of
banana trees. by a tropical plant
disease, by droughts, by soil ero-
sion, by floods. And when that hap
pened we suffered.
Softly. Softly -.
Nothing happens before the time,
they say in Jamaica. The time had
come. If the British colonial bosses
were asleep on the job, the Jamai-
cans who were supposed to be suf-
fering. oppressed, exploited, slept
through it all. too Those who had
money had a good time and the
poor had children and ate manages
in the summer. But at the same
time some progress was being made,
particularly in education. Softly,
softly. catch monkey" they say in
Jamaica.
But the wages were too low and
the children were really underfed.
There were not enough schools, or
hospitals, or welfare centers. At
last we awoke from sleep. The hour
provided the man, the man prodded
the planter, the planter got angry
and the people got more angry
Things started to happen . riots
.. royal commissions . reports
=. grants :. investigations
new constitutions.
Now we have trade unions, two
political parties, and we practically
govern ourselves. We are moving
on to federation and dominion sta
tus in union with the other West
Indian islands. Wages are higher
and the cost of living is very high.
We are a very popular tourist resort
area We are in the vanguard of
progress. We are paying for it. of
course. We have more crime now,
more divorce, more envy and malice
and fighting for jobs.
Soon. for Jamaica, colonialism
will be dead. But ask me today if
I regret being a British colonial
and my answer is no.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

has been forced to stand up and
be counted on any number of COLO
NAL questions. many of which it
would no doubt have been pleased
to pass by in silence without the ne
cessity either of a commitment to
one side or the other or of declaring
neutrality likely to offend both
sides. The penalties of power are
very real.
At the end as at the beginning,
even when all the complexities have
been taken into account, the answer
must still be that the United States
should oppose colonialism in all its
definitions.
1t would certainly be a violation
Of the entire American tradition
for the United States to succumb
to the temptations Of assuming a
racial. cultural or economic superb
ority which would appear to justify
1t in pushing other peoples around.
If. as many Americans believe, the
most important social and political
fact Of this century is the rise Of
the non-WeStern peoples to de-
mand their place in the sun, then
we cannot afford on any grounds
TO stand aside from this great
stream Of developments.
Even apart from the ethics of
the matter. it. is only common
sense to think that the future lies
with those Western powers which
can enter into understanding and
mutually useful collaboration with
the hundreds of millions who are
now emerging DANGEROUSLY into the
modern world.
There Is No One Formula
Thus apt ,olonialism must con-
tinue 80 <zr main line of policy.
But it is idle to think that any
formula, no matter how desirable,
can give pat answers to the i'm
mediate and concrete cases which
press upon us. There are also some
hard facts which must be recog-
nized.
The nationalism of the anticolo-
nialiStS can no more be assumed
to be always right than can that of
other peoples. and there will be
times when 1t is necessary for us
to oppose it. Some of the colonial
peoples have not yet won enough
familiarity with the modern world
to be able effectively to safeguard
their own freedom and advance
ment.
Can it be honestly contended that
independence overnight for all the
African peoples would promote their
well-being and that Of the rest of
the world?
Anticolonialism. as the word sug-
gests. is by itself negative. There are
immense positive tasks to be under
taken, and the greatest contribu-
ton which the United States can
make is to join with men of good
will everywhere in the performance
Of these tasks.
All Of Africa is on the march,
although at very different rates OF
speed, and Asia has already pro-
claimed, and for the most part
achieved. its independence. the job
ahead is to seek to sustain a free
and democratic advance which sets
as its goal the actual equality of all
peoples. There can be no more chal-
longing cause in which the United
StateS might enlist.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
HOUSE

II Res 80 for investigation into
national monetary and credit
policies.
Rejected 174-225, March 81.
FOR: Harrison of Virginia and Landlord
OF Maryland
AGAINsT; Broyhill and Smith of Virginia
and Hyde OF Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31

These articles deal with the fifth
!! {
NSS\\HI "a Sunday Stars eight-week Decisions .
IL x VIZ y 1857 SERIES The series is presented in
I,J W INN conjunction with the Decisions" discussion
the Junior Chamber of Commerce
DR.. Emerson is professor of govern
men at Harvard University and former director the
Interior Departments Division of Territories and Island
Possessions His article condensed here written
the FPAs publication Headline Series" Una Marson
native of Jamaica residing in Washington She is
journalist and poet and for number of years she
lectured colonial affairs for the BIC in London.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-31
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of nearby Maryland and
Virginia legislators on major roll
calls in Congress this week.
The Sidney herald., 1957-05-16
JEHOVAH'S
PLAN TRAINING MEET

The Fairview, Montana congre-
cation of Jehovah's Witnesses is
discussing preliminary plans this
week for attending a three-day
training program in Plentywood,
Montana. AT the regular ministry
development class held last week
it was announced that the con-
ference would be held at the
Plentywood high school auditori-
UNI, June 14-16.
The object of the program, ac-
cording to Lynn Speakerworth,
presiding minister of the local
group, is to better equip each
Witness in his use of the Bible
in study and speaking to others.
A highlight of the program will
be the public talk, Removing the
Barriers Dividing Mankind" to
be given Sunday, June 16, at 3
p. m.
This training program is spon-
sored by the Watchtower Bible
and Tract Society of Brooklyn,
N. Y. as part of its international
Bible educational program.
The Sidney herald., 1957-05-16
Pr TO
VISIT SIDNEY

The Glendive Pilgrim Fellow
ship will visit Peoples Congrega-
tional church this Sunday morn
ing during divine worship. They
will then meet with the young
people of u church for a picnic
lunch at the Richland park.
After recreation there we will
meet for u worship and lesson
at the church plus recreation led
by Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Smith.
Mrs. James Putnam, Mrs. STAN
ley Levno, Mrs. Walter Bauman,
and Rev. and Mrs. Bernard Nc
Lain n the sponsors of the 10
cal Pr.
Duane Beagle is the president;
Ross, vice president; Bill
Goss, secretary and Mary Put
nam, treasurer.
The Sidney herald., 1957-05-16
1t. Gov. Hansen
Kiwanis Guest

1t. Gov. Gordon Hansen o.
Glendive- was introduced b,
President Al Johns as an officia
guest at today's Kiwanis noon
luncheon. Other guests of the club
were Jay Lalonde and Beryl Mo
sier of Sidney.
1t. Gov. Hansen of District 5
of Kiwanis spoke briefly empha-
sizing membership building.
Committee chairmen gave short
talks on what each committee is
doing and what is planned for the
rest of the year.
Scotty Mcdonald, chairman of
the Under-privileged Child COM
mittee, said his group had filled
six requests for glasses, l for
x-ray, and ! for a dental bill.
This committee, he announced,
works through the County We'll
fare office.
Rex Smeltzer, chairman of the
Youth Committee, said their big
project in the community was the
sponsoring of a boy scout troop,
and that they have taken several
camping trips this year. The Eas-
ter egg hunt also came under the
sponsorship of this committee and
he announced that over a thou
sand children were out this year
for that annual event. S451 has
been budgeted for the work of
the Youth committee, Mr.. Smell
ser, said.
Clint Fulkerson, chairman OF
Education and Membership com
mittee, said that four new mem
bers had been received into the
club so far this year. He also
reminded the members of the
quiz program his committee
sponsored last year which proved
so very entertaining and said that
another such program would be
put on in the near future.
John Chambers, chairman OF
the Supper of Churches commit
tee, has planned for spot an
.ouncements over KICK urging
to attend church services.
The committee is also planning E ]
speaker TO present the problems {
If Alcoholics Anonymous. |
Harry Mikelson, chairman Of :
he Interclub committee, said $
,lans were being made for a la 7
lies night when Gov. Henry I
seugmer will be a guest. This
Meeting will be in the banquet
of the Lalonde hotel Satur- 5
June 6 where a $50 ban $
net will be served. G
Otto Habedank, chairman of the f
rogram committee announced a I
rogram in which students in 2
ach of the high school grades in I
composition will COM 4
'ete. The names of the top stu 2
lents will be displayed in the f
main hall of the high school. :
The Sidney herald., 1957-05-16

Laurel, Mont. - Laurel's high
school seniors turned out yester-
day and gave the town a spring
cleaning. They reported at z a.
m. in the downtown area to
sweep the streets and then NOV
ed out through the residential
areas to clean alleys and parks.
The action, taken to prove that
the vast majority of Juveniles
r good citizens, has had the
support of civic groups and city
government. Good publicity has
been given the move in many
quarters. Frank Heminway, ra-
dio news commentator with wide
appeal in the western states, gave
the seniors favorable mention on
his morning program the day be-
fore the cleanup.
With the publicity given in
connection with the cleanup, the
class has become the most ia
nous ever TO graduate from
Laurel high school.
Favorable publicity has been
sought, especially in Montana's
weekly newspapers, as the senior
attempt TO start a program that
other teenagers throughout the
state will pick up and use to
combat the bad name given jul
veniles by 2 few irresponsible
youngsters.
The class is known in school
as "a good class" active in school
affairs and including many Of
the students outstanding in vari-
Gus school organizations.
City crews assisted the seniors
throughout the day, using city
equipment TO help haul away dirt
and trash. Townspeople were
urged before the cleanup start
ed TO place trash collected from
cleaning their yards in the al
leys in order that it might be
removed.
An amazing amount of plain
ordinary dirt was scooped up
from the business area streets.
In the underpass the cleaning
crew had 10 resort to picks to
break through the dirt. AS a bo-
nus, the South park was given
a lot Of fill. The cutters on either
side of a block long section of
First ST. yielded four truck loads
Of the finest topsoil available.
Tremendous pile Of trash was
accumulated in the city dump,
as city crews dumped all their
loads in one place to help the
seniors see what they accom-
plished.
A foreman Of the city crews
estimated that approximately rs
Of dirt were hauled out Of
the business c The estimate
given as the seniors finished
the loading job in the area.
The Sidney herald., 1957-05-16
Montana State
Park Attractions
For Vacationists
SIDNEY, hoslrA,IA

Montana's state parks are be-
ing readied for the 1857 season,
Ashley Roberts, State Parks di-
rector, announced.
The park season began last
Wednesday with the opening of
Lewis and Clark Cavern State
Park near Whitehall. The cavern,
which had a record year in 1856
with more than $4,000 visitors,
will probably be toured by $4,000
people this year, Roberts predict
ed.
Every day until October l,
guides will be on hand to con-
duct visitors through the largest
cavern in this part of the coun-
try. Tours operate from 8 a. m.
to 5 p. m. before June Is and
after Labor Day. In midsummer,
hours are 8 a. M to 8 p. m.
At the cavern, which is Mon
tana's only state park with an
admission charge, there has been
no increase in fees. The charge
remains S1.00 for adults and soc
for children, 6 through IL years.
School groups wishing to tour
the underground wonderland are
urged to take advantage of the
special school rate which is soc
per student, up to and including
high school seniors. Special ar
engagements for groups should be
made through Mel Smith, man.
ager of Lewis and Clark Cavern
State Park, Whitehall.
Roberts urged Montanans to
see this unique attraction which
they own. He said the tour takes
only 80 minutes, and is suitable
for people of all ages. The cav
ern is clean and comfortable
thruout, with well-lighted trails
running dowhnill. Year-around
temperature inside the caves
always between As and so degrees
making it an ideal place on a
summer day.
Elsewhere in Montana, state
parks are undergoing improve
which will provide more
picnic and camping facilities for
increasing numbers of visitors.
Additional improvements can be
expected after July l when the
new appropriation for state parks
becomes available, Roberts said.
At Fort Owen, which recently
became a state monument as a
gift of a Stevensville historical
group, scientific work is progress
sing on excavating the original
fort site. Studies of the area are
being conducted by M. S. u. ar
Genealogical students under the
direction Of Professor CARING
Malouf. After excavation is COM
pleted, work will begin on re-
pairing and restoring the area,
Roberts said.
Four more new parks will be
added to the state park system
July l.. They are Tiber Reser-
voir State Park near Chester,
Medicine Rocks State Park near
Ekalaka, Lost Creek Canyon State
Park near Anaconda, and an area
near Whitefish, adjacent to White
fish Lake. This will bring the
number of Montana state
parks and monuments to nine
teen.