davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1957-10-07
SUPREME COURT !.

a large marble chamber.
"Their entrance will b e
heralded with 3 cry: The
honorable, the Chief Justice
and the Associate Justices of
the Supreme Court of the
United States
The audience will rise as
the justices in black robes
walk to their comfortable
leather chairs at the high ma
hogany bench.
Oyer! Oyer! Oyer! the crier
will intone. All persons hav-
ing business before the honor
able, the Supreme Court of
the United States, are admon-
ished to draw near and give
their attention, for the court
is not sitting. God save the
United States and this honor
able COURT"
Thereupon t h e Supreme
Court began its 10th year of
work--a year that may bring
decisions of great Importance,
not only in the turbulent field
of civil liberties, but perhaps
also, in consequence Of Little
Rock, in the matter Of states
rights.
, 1957-10-07
DEVANTER

period at the rate of $1,000.
Mr.. Van Devanter worked
in the telephone system short
ly after the new facilities
were installed. He arrived
from the mainland last week
to take over the post.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

force Treasury Secretary Humphrey to admit
that the Eisenhower of ideas il doesn't know
how to dig way out of prosperity.
Ike gives Japan $500 million after playing 10 of golf
with Prime Minister Kish Either leader up
on his putting-or reduce the side bets.
security commission urges jail terms for newsmen who
print Government secrets oh WELL would be worth
to be able to reveal what our foreign policy
Vice President Nixon the country afford big foreign
defense spending Nixon reminds Of the industry
Every year he brings out a model of himself.
The trouble with the these days every
time they discover ISSUE they learn that Ike already
staked claim to both sides Of it.
LIES big problem is that by the time you be
good loser the only place the
court.
The Senate votes Federal dam at Hels Canyon the
Snake River Great victory for the Democrats who boast
to the voters that they gave 'em hell in Q snakept
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
THOMAS [. STOKES
Rosy Outlook for Civil Riqhts

State to account for the margin
Of the Presidents victory In
carrying that State again.
That was Tennessee.
Nobody says anything in de-
bate in Congress about the
possible future effect Of the
Southern Negro vote on poll
tical leaders Of the old school
who have dramatized them
selves by fighting civil rights
measures-but 1t is suspected
that this is a factor in the
depressed spirits OF some
Southern members Of Congress.
A third factor improving the
outlook for civil rights legisla-
ton is that this Is an issue
upon which the Republican
Party in Congress can join al
most unanimously. Such soli-
darity on an issue that will be
prominent during the rest OF
this session will help to divert
attention from divisions in the
party on other issues. At the
same time. civil rights is the
issue that divides the Demo-
cratic Party most sharply. 1t
is to the advantage Of Repub-
licans to keep 1t constantly to
the fore and thus keep before
the public the picture OF the
Democratic Party in a noisy
and nasty family quarrel.
This is clearly the intention
Of the two California presiden-
tial aspirants-MeSsrs Nixon
and Knowland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
YID LAWRENCE
Presidents Chance of a Lifetime

found that the three smaller
dams which the private COM
panies have been granted a
license to build would furnish
all the electric power required
and do all the food control
work that is needed. Private
investors would supply the
money. Now this opportunity
would be taken away.
The public power advocates
won the fight because Of some
new-found allies from the
Southern part of the United
States. Republican Senators
are saying openly that the
Democratic leadership ma.
nipulated a deal whereby some
Northern Democrats agreed to
support the South in a parlia-
mentary maneuver the other
day to keep the civil rights"
bill in the Judiciary Commit.
tee. In exchange for this
which turned out to be futile
anyway as the Northern "lib-
erals" had enough votes to
beat the maneuver-several
Southerners agreed to vote for
the Hells Canyon project. In
five instances this meant a
reversal Of Democratic votes
recorded a year ago-enough
to beat the measure If they
had stood firm against state
socialism.
These are not happy days in
Washington for those who be-
lieve in the historic American
system Of private enterprise.
This system built our un-
unrivalled industrial capacity
and today is the Nations real
defense against a powerful
enemy. Khrushchev. the Com
munist spokesman, predicted
three weeks ago in his televi-
sion interview that the grand
children Of the present gen.
Grafton in the United States
would be living under social
ISM" Maybe he is away off
in his dates but some form Of
Government ownership of key
industries in America may be
nearer than anyone nowadays
thinks if the Democratic Party
numerically the majority
party in the Nation today
continues to embrace state So
cialism.
Reproduction Rishs Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Archaeology of Bible
IS Topic Of Chaplain

Air Force Chaplain Morris
Gottlieb will speak at 8 pm.
Wednesday at the post chapel at
Andrews Air Force Base. He
will talk on Archaeology and
the Rediscovery OF the Bible
A Scientific Interpretation OF the
Bible"
The program is being spon-
sored by the Servicemen's Coun-
Gil and the Jewish Welfare
Board Junior HostesSes. II Ia
being co-ordinated by the
Washington Armed Services
Committee. National Jewish We'll
fare Board.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24

A drive has been started in
Congress for new legislation to
Offset the damage done by the
recent decisions of the Su-
preme Court In connection
with, the Communist conspir-
acy which works underground
in this country.
In the opinion of a number
Of members Of the Senate
and House committees re-
sponsible for unearthing these
Communist activities, the Red
conspiracy continues as effec-
lively as it did after 1888 when
the United States became the
last great power to recognize
the USSR.
The Senators and Repre-
sentatives who became irked
at the Supreme Court de-
cisions maintain the judges
must live in an ivory tower
not to recognize that the
American Communists and fell
low travellers aim is the de-
struction of the Constitution.
Since the integrity Of the
high court must remain above
suspicion, the legislators are
determined to introduce new
laws to close existent legalis-
tic loopholes which permit
attorneys for subversives to
exculpate their clients.
Laying aside all the tech
nicalities about which lawyers
bubble. our legislators say it
would be difficult to maintain
that a free society should not
be allowed to protect itself
from a conspiracy which seeks
its destruction.
Our social order has a right
to provide for its perpetuation.
Yet in recent days the Supreme
Court has issued decisions
which have the force and eff
feet Of tying the hands of the
FBI and of Congress in their
attempts to expose Commu-
mist inflltration and subversion
in our Government.
In the last year. 1t is pointed
out, the court has issued 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Recent Decisions in Conspiracy Cases
Draw Strong Criticism Against Justices

rulings which have given aid
and comfort to the Communist
cause; have seriously curtailed
the effectiveness of the FBI
and Justice Department; and
have caused exuItation at the
headquarters of the Commu-
mist Party where it was an
nounced that henceforth the
thinned ranks will be swollen
again.
Led by Chief Justice War
rem and Associate Justices
Douglas and Black, the court
has dragged in every technical
rationalism to reverse decisions
of lower courts in Communist
or contempt cases.
In one of the most recent de-
cisions-the Jencks case--the
conviction of the labor leader
for falsehood in signing a nom
Communist affidavit was set
aside because he had not been
given access to FBI reports.
Communists and fellow trav-
elers have been trying for years
to destroy the effectiveness of
the FBI. They have tried every
trick and subterfuge to deal a
fatal blow to our top investi-
eating agency by forcing it to
reveal its secret information
sources. Now they appear to
have succeeded.
In an article in The Ameri-
can Legion Magazine of March,
1854. j. Edgar Hoover, direc-
tor of the FBI, highlighted the
confidential nature of the FBI
files, saying that a citizen who
reports information :" can
be certain that his assistance
is appreciated and that his
identity will be kept confiden-
tial if he so desires"
1t seems strange to many
Americans that our Supreme
Court desires to violate that
confidence.
The latest mental efiiuvium
from the Supreme Court re-
versed the conviction Of an
other labor leader. John T.
Watkins. for contempt Of Con-
gress on the ground that the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Supreme Court and the Reds

inquiries of the House I'M
American Activities Committee
infringed on Watkins consti.
tutional rights.
This decision, If allowed to
stand. will destroy the ability
Of congressional committees
to expose the tangled web Of
Communist subversion in our
Nation. 1t will prevent con.
gressional committees from ex-
ercising the power of subpoena
and contempt citations as q
means Of focusing public at
tention on specific situations.
Naturally all American citi-
zens desire to preserve the
Constitutional guarantees Of
our people. These are not
matters to be taken lightly.
Nevertheless. it is preposterous
to ignore the social response
bilities that accompany citizen
ship and to maintain that we
should be so free that each
citizen shall have the right to
conspire to destroy our Gov
eminent with impunity.
In the words of Justice Tom
c. Clark. former Attorney Gen.
eral of the United States, who
has dissented from most Of
these opinions. this type Of
reasoning is "picayunish, !" "im-
material" and "mischievous."
There is a growing body Of
public opinion advocating that
1t is high time for the Supreme
Court to cease curbing Con.
gress and the Justice Depart.
ment and to return to the
principles Of law and abandon
the philosophy of social ac-
ton" which seems to be the
F1finn q w V1a0fiuafi,a0 fooka,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
DAVID LAWRENCE

President Eisenhower has the
chance Of q lifetime in the
political arena-to make q
fight for private enterprise
and brand the Democratic
Party as the party Of state
socialism in America today.
For the President can cite
the latest vote in the Senate
on the Hells Canyon project.
This shows that 43 out of 40
Democrats were recorded as
willing to use taxpayers money
to put the Government further
into the electric light and
power business at a cost which
Senator Watkins Of Utah has
estimated would run up to
about $2.225.0 100000 in the
next fifty years. All this SPEND
ing is voted at a time when
budget-cutting and tax reduce
ton are supposed to be pop
ular.
The Republican Party. on
the other hand, modified
against Government ownership
and state socialism 80 out of
its as members in the Senate.
If the bill is passed by the
House--and the state socialism
advocates seem confident it
will get the support of the
Democratic Party there, too
President Eisenhower will most
surely veto the measure. There
are not enough votes to over
ride q veto. The President has
inveighed before against
Creeping socialism" but now
the Nation faces galloping
socialism. Mr.. Eisenhower's &C
ton would demonstrate con-
clusively that the present adj
ministration is not "socialis-
tic" as some uniformed critics
in the Republican Party have
been enormously claiming of
late.
1t means. of course, a lively
issue for the 1858 and 1860
political campaigns. For if it
is desirable that the Federal
Government knock private
enterprise out Of the electric
light and power business in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Senator Kerr and Secretary Humphrey
Give Fiscal Inquiry q Sporting Flavor

The head-on clash of two
well matched multimillion-
aires is imparting to the Sem
ate money probe a sporting
flavor too long absent from
congressional investigations.
About all that Senator Rob-
ert S. Kerr has in common
with Treasury Secretary
George Humphrey is money
and a belief in the divine wis
dom Of the 27l2 per cent oil
depletion tax allowance.
Senator Kerr, born in a log
cabin in Oklahoma Territory.
is the self-made owner and
developer of Kerr-McGee Oil
Industries, Inc. Apart from his
protective instinct toward his
own business, he is a liberal
Democrat, a friend of the
farmer and an advocate of
public power.
Mr.. Humphrey is the mod
ern style lawyer-manager who
built q great fortune by re-
facilitating the NJ. A. Hanna
Co. of Cleveland. A Taft Re-
publican in his political phil
osophy. he has that peculier
alteration for President Eisen-
hover felt by many business
men who had begun to wonder
If they were ever going to get
q real pal in the White House
again.
Senator Kerr made his views
and purpose plain in the first
questions he addressed to Mr..
Humphrey. The Senator is
conducting Operation Halo Re-
moval.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24

Mr.. Humphrey had begun by
contending that the Eisen-
hover administration policies
had brought the country UNI
paralleled prosperity. curbed
imitation. reduced spending and
the public debt and in every
way improved a dreadful her.
itage from the Roosevelt Tru-
man administrations.
These all-embracing claims
and his persistence in equating
Mr.. Eisenhower's peacetime
tasks with the war years of
Mr.. Roosevelt and Mr.. Truman
were too much even for his
close friend, Senator Byrd of
Virginia.
Senator Byrd. chairman Of
the investigation. moved into
the extremely novel-for- him
position of defender of the
Democratic Presidents and de-
f1ater of Mr.. Eisenhower and
Mr.. Humphrey. Senator Byrd
concluded that the Nation
is skating on very thin ice"
Even so. he spoke more in
sorrow than in anger. Senator
Kerr took off the gloves.
Noting Republican charges
that the investigation was be i.
ing conducted in a political
atmosphere. Senator Kerr
promised to maintain that at
mosphere. He called Mr.. Hum
phrey's statement &c. o. p.
campaign ammunition" and
he moved into a point-by-
point refutation Of its "errors
and misstatements."
Senator Kerr demonstrated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Nixon-KnowIond Rivalry Among Foctors
Seen Indicating Senate Possoqe of Bill

centers. They have what
might be called q mutually
protective alliance on last
issue.
Another reason for the
favorable situation Of Repub-
licans in the Senate is that
the issue has been simplified
by concentrating on one basic
right and the protection Of
that-the right to vote. This
avoids other confusing and
emotional issues. such as, for
example. the now burning in
tegration issue. as we'll as is
sues which Republican and
Northern Democrats formerly
tied into civil rights measures.
These include the Fair EN-
ployment Practices Act. the
FEPC so deplored in the South;
a Federal antilynching bill,
and repeal Of the poll tax as
a prerequisite for voting as it
still is in six Southern States
This strategy Of concentra-
ting largely on the right to
vote is credited to Attorney
General Herbert Brownell. who
is a shrewd political strate-
gist. The bill, too. is certainly
moderate" as President Eli
senhower described 1t in this
weeks news conference.
It is hard to attack a bill
designed to protect the right
to vote and arouse much SYM
pathy for such an attitude. In
recent years, as a matter Of
fact. the South has been point
ing proudly to a gradual ex-
tension Of the franchise among
Negroes as an advance in
civil rights. even though, as
statistics show, there are still
some areas where Negro voting
is almost nil. The Negro vote
was substantial enough In some
Southern cities in last Novem-
ber's election. however, to cause
politicians. both South and
North. both Democrat and Re-
publican, to pause and ponder.
especially the sizablN detection
70 President Eisenhower which
was enough in at least one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24

1t seems safe now to fore
cast that a civil rights bill
along lines Of that sponsored
by the Eisenhower administra-
ton. which has been approved
by the House, will this time
overcome. at long last, the age
old traditional hurdle and also
pass the Senate.
That will give the President
and his party big victory in
the field Of civil rights. That
In turn will have its political
potency.
Whatever the outcome Of
the current maneuvering over
procedure-that is, how the
measure will get to the Senate
fioor--it seems certain of get
ting there in this session. There
1t will. of course, encounter q
sure filibuster. But now Re-
publicans and Northern Demo-
Gratis indicate the will to break
the filibuster. which has been
missing in recent years, and
the will is all that is needed.
That coalition has the votes.
Anyone trained in Judging
the atmosphere of the Senate
can now sense a new determi-
nation among Republican lead
ers that has an inevitability
about 1t. Along with this con-
fidence. you can detect a con-
trasting spirit Of defeatism and
desperation among the back
to-the-wall Southern Demo-
Gratis who are fighting what
seems TO be a losing delaying
action.
In seeking the reasons for
predicted Republican success
this year you find three factors
that are very influential.
One is that the two top r,
publican leaders in the Senate
Vice President Nixon and
Senate Leader Knowland--are
both running as hard as they
can for President. Each is
doing everything he can for
civil rights legislation to identi-
fy himself and his party with
a cause and an issue that
counts heavily In big urban
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
DORIS FLEEsoN
Clash of MuItimiIIionuires

that nondefense spending had
steadily risen under President
Eisenhower. He insisted that
the only fair spending com.
parsons were between Pres
ident Truman's nonwar years
and Mr.. Eisenhower's.
Mr.. Humphrey has said that
recurrence Of imitation is due
to consumer demand. Sena-
tor Kerr offered tables show.
ing there were no real short.
ages in. the present economy.
Economists in the audience
were giving Mr.. Kerr most Of
the points when the exchange
g.. moved into the hard money
policy. Neither one knows
what they are talking about
now" exclaimed one earnest
expert.
1t Is. Of course. VIGOROUSLY
difficult to translate any.
thing except the most ele-
mental economic facts into
campaign currency. It is felt
by Democrats, however, that
If anyone can do 1t Senator
Kerr. q gifted phrase-maker,
can.
What Mr.. Kerr also plainly
hopes to do is to chivy the
Treasury Secretary into an
other hair curling" outburst
such as the one on spending
which brought so much
budget trouble to President
Eisenhower in its wake. Mr..
Humphrey Is used to consider
able Difference: Senator Kerr
Is by turns negligent, be-
lifting. scofing. 1t makes q
good show and Is well attended.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Buses Replace TroIIeys

KANSAS CITY, June "a (R.-
No street cars ran on Kansas
City streets today for the first
time in SO years. Buses replaced
trolleys on three lines yesterday,
completing a conversion started
several years ago. The public
service company claims Kansas
City is the birthplace Of the cleo
trio street car taking current
from an overhead wire through Q
trolley system.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24
Vote on HeIIs Canyon Viewed as Proving
Democrats Are Party of State Socialism

America. 1t is just as logical
for the Federal Government to
take over and operate the steel,
copper, coal. oil, aluminium
and other natural resource in
dustries as well as automobiles,
food. and retail stores. rail-
roads. buslines. airlines, and
all the other businesses now
handled by private enterprise
and private investors.
A statistical case doubtless
can be made for Government
ownership and operation in
each instance on the ground
that the Government could do
it all more cheaply-since no
taxes. local or otherwise. would
have to be paid directly out Of
income. The taxpayers gener-
ally would be asked to foot
the bill. Private incentive
would be destroyed. Millions
of workers, moreover. on be-
coming Government employees,
would have to give up their
labor union privilege of using
economic power in negotia-
tons for wages. The postal
employees could give some idea
from their experience as to
what that means to the work.
erS.
The advocates of Govern
ment ownership always start
OF with some benevolent and
high-sounding objective. In
the Tennessee Valley project
just after World War I they
promised flood control and
navigation advantages in the,
Tennessee River and benefits
to the farmer. Electric power,
they insisted. was to be Incl
dental. Today it is the main
business of iva and the Gov
eminent has been compelled to
appropriate money for steam
plants since about half of the
power generated at IVA comes
from coal and not dams. Priv
ate utilities in the area have
been weakened and some put
out Of business altogether.
The Federal Power Com.
mission surveyed the whole
HellS Canyon project and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24

Club Coach siewurdesses
make your nigh, The most com.
iOriubls and snloyubIs ever.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-24

NaiionGl :. first 10 offer
oirborns Rudur which permits
your Captain to uvoid revgh
weather.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-26
Liberian Vice President
Feted at Reception

He plans to spend at least
two more weeks in the United
States visiting other parts Of
the country and looking into
commercial and industrial pos
sibilities for Liberia. Liberia
has refused government grants
and outright aid in favor Of
encouraging private invest
ment).
One Of the highlights of his
trip will be a visit to the Fire
stone family. Firestone owns
the largest rubber plantation
in Liberia.
Among the 800 or more lu-
minaries who planned to at.
tend the reception yesterday
were many from the diplomatic
corps and United, States Gov
eminent officials.
From diplomatic circles ac-
ceptances came from repre-
sentatives Of Afghanistan. Aus
tria. Belgium. Bolivia, Brazil,
Burma. Cambodia, China,
Costa RIGA. CzechoSlovakia,
Denmark, Ecuador, Finland,
Indonesia, Iran, Ireland. Israel.
Italy. Laos. Libya, Mexico, the
Netherlands. India, Hungary,
New Zealand, Norway. Peru.
Poland, Pakistan, Saudi Ara
bia. Rumania, Spain, Chile,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-26

There was a special surprise
for Liberals Vice President
William r. Tolbert. jr.. yester-
day at the reception given for
him by the Ambassador of
Liberia and Mrs. Padmore.
Pearl Primus. the noted
CALYPSO dancer who. recently
appeared in washington, was
thrilled to provide entertain
ment at the party. She is a
great admirer Of Liberia and
was decorated by the Liberian
government.
Vice President Tolbert ar
rived in Washington Monday
night after a medical checkup
IN New York. Although his trip
is described as unofficial" he
has been getting the full vIP
treatment.
Sees Eisenhower
Yesterday he spent more
than a half-hour with Pres
ident Eisenhower and Mon
day he will be honored at a
luncheon given by Vice Pres
ident Nixon at Blair House.
He was met on his arrival
here by Assistant Secretary of
State William Rountree. De-
putty Chief of Protocol Victor
Purse and other high officials.