davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Dutch Elm Disease Hits
500 Trees in District

National Capital Parks off,
Gals have counted 500 trees lost
to Dutch elm disease in the
District. possibly the biggest
toll in the history of the tree
plague here.
The loss this year compares
with a figure of 453 trees found
infected last year.
The parks Office, the District
and private owners will seek to
finish the job of removing the
infected trees during the win
ter months before growth starts
next spring and the trees again
are subject to infection.
Once the disease strikes, a
tree is doomed. It's symptoms
show in a wilted condition of
the foliage; then the leaves
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

out by actions of AFL-CIO
President George Meany."
Mr.. Cross indicated he would
attempt to withdraw his unit
If the AFL-CIO Executive
Council persisted in its orders
barring him from seeking re-
election and requiring REIN
statement of ouSted Secretary
Treasurer Curtis r. Sims.
Action "NOt Lawful
These orders, Mr.. Cross said,
cannot be followed lawfully >.
under provisions of our inter-
national constitution"
He said the constitution per-
mits anyone within the union
to seek the presidency and
added: "Mr. Sims was given a
complete and full hearing"
In october, Mr. Conway,
"a union vice president and
secretary of its committee on
integrity" said a number of
local unions had gone on record
for "a thorough cleanup of the
bakers union, the immediate
resignation of Cross as presi-
dent and the reinstatement of
Curtis r. Sims. secretary
treasurer of the union who was
victimized by a Cross-controlled
board because he dared to ex-
pose the corruption and colluS
sion with employers of the
unions president"
Mr.. Sims expulsion from the
union followed his questioning
of Cross's conduct of union
affairs. This questioning was
pursued by the Senate COM
mittee investigating labor rack
eteering.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

turn yellow and brown and drop
off during the growing season.
Eventually, as the tree dies,
the bark peels off.
The District stepped up its
detection program this year,
beginning its scouting program
earlier than usual. This prob
ably turned up more cases, but
District and park officials said
the toll was still at least as
heavy as in any previous year.
The Agriculture Department,
the parks Office and various
State agencies are continuing
research on the fungus plague,
Beetles carry the disease to
the trees. and the preventive
program includes spraying the
trees with DOT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Cultural Center
Urged Again

The Washington Board of
Trade urged Congress today to
revive planning for national
cultural center.
The boards resolution asked
for the enactment of legisla-
ton to revive the District Audi
forum Commission. which ex-
pired last January 81.
The commission had devel-
oped Sound plans for a much
needed national and commu-
nifty facility" the resolution
said. 1t regretted differences
of opinion" over the location
of the center.
The resolution asked that the
commission and other area or
CARNATIONS unite in the selec-
ton and support of an appro-
pirate central area site for this
much-desired facility"
The commissions proposal
that the center be built on a
29-acre tract in the Foggy
Bottom area was rejected by
the House last August. The
Board of Trade previously had
passed a resolution opposing
the site on the grounds that
it would deprive the District
of taxable land. Part of the
tract is being developed by the
Peoples Life Insurance Co.
The resolution, viewer,
praised the work of Chairman
Agnes E. Meyer and commits
sion members for the con-
structive planning which has
been ACCOMPLISHED
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Talk on Censorship

The Rev. Francis x. Walsh,
a curate at the Catholic Shrine
of the Blessed Sacrament. will
discuss the Catholic church's
position on censorship at 8
o'clock tonight in the Blessed
Sacrament auditorium, 5841
Chevy Chase parkway NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Waugh Church Buzuur

The Women's Society of
Christian Service of the Waugh
Methodist Church will hold its
annual bazaar and turkey din
ner tomorrow, with serving
hours between 4:45 and 1870
pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Offers to Help
Area B Developers
SIoying Verdict Upset
May CIorify Rulings
Woshingtonion Is Center Of Controversy
Involving Both Insonity and Confessions
BY PHIL THOMAS

2O-year-od washingtonian convicted last for the
murder of 15yearold girl has become the center
of court controversy both insanity confessions
He Russell E. Carter, who convicted of first degree
murder by Federal jury here February 1856. He
charged with brutay beating Caroline Nelson then putting
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

TODAY

The National Paint. VAR
nish and Lacquer Associa-
ton continues its Shera-
ton-Park Hotel convention.
Going into its third day.
the Fourth Pan American
Congress Of Pharmacy and
Biochemistry meets in the
Mayflower Hotel.
The American Finance
Conference, Inc, holds sec
ond-day sessions in the
Mayflower Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Turkey Dinner Set

The Ladies Aid Of Westmin-
ster Presbyterian Church will
hold its annual turkey dinner
from ST O'Clock tonight in the
church, Seventh and E streets
S.W.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

ON A RECENT DAY there
were go widgeons, 80 pintails,
20 mallards and 2 strange
looking fowl identified for
him as female Shovelers.
And there were almost 100
big white fat Peking ducks.
These grew up on this happy
feeding pool from little
Easter ducklings. Long be-
fore Whitsunday, parents
convince children their pets
would be much happier at
one of these feeding sta
tions-the Zoo in Rock Greek
Park is another favorite
dropping place.
Alas! They are happy in
these corn-strewn waters.
But about this time of year,
when the migratory water
fowl are arriving, the puddle
ducks UNDERSTANDABLE have
an idea that the feeding
place is theirs. They are
very aggressive about chas-
ing the newcomers away
from the food. That ends
the story of the Easter
ducklings. They are trapped
and given to institutions
where there are old folks
who enjoy a duck dinner.
Fish and Wildlife Service
sends scouts into the North
west each year to check on
the duck population. Some
times heavy rains and floods
raise havoc. Sometimes
drought causes starvation.
But this, according to all re-
ports, will be another good
year.
The prediction of the
scouts is that there will be
as many, or almost as many
ducks as last winter, and
that was a very good season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

| Was CIldI ecu Will VI ubdAly DCuUi
her body in a bathtub in her
home at 1912 Georgia avenue
NV, on May 81, 1855.
But the U. S. Court of APP
peals for the District Of Column
bia reversed the conviction in
December, 1856. some 10
months after the trial. An
opinion was not handed down
by the court until two weeks
ago, and it has given Govern
ment prosecutors a thorny
dilemma.
Carter, through his court
appointed attorney, Bernard
Margolius, pleaded not guilty
on the basis of insanity at the
time of the crime.
Several Reversal Points
In its opinion of last month.
the Court of Appeals panel of
three judges based its reversal
on these points:
/. The judge (Henry A.
Schweinhaut) in the lower
court trial did not make it clear
enough to the jury that the
Government should have proved
Carter's sanity beyond a rea-
sonable doubt to justify a ver-
dict of guilty.
2. The trial judge failed to
provide detailed instructions
to the Jury in that he didn't
make it crystal clear that
many mental diseases so af-
feet areas of the mind that
some or all of the mental
elements requisite to criminal
liability under the law are
lacking"
3. A confession obtained
from Carter the day after the
crime should not have been
admitted as evidence in the
trial under the Mallory deci-
sion of the Supreme Court.
4. The trial Judge was in
error, because he failed to
admonish jury members they
must not talk to anyone about
the trial or read about or
listen to accounts of it.
In reversing the conviction
and remanding the case to the
District Court. the Appeals
Court offered two alternatives:
The Government can either
ask for a new trial. or proceed
ings can be started that might
lead to Carriers being sent to
a mental institution.
Another Possibility
But there is another possible
step left to prosecutors that
wasn't mentioned-a request
by the Government for a re-
hearing by the full nine-man
bench of the Appeals Court.
The choice of which course
to take must be decided by
United States Attorney Oliver
Gasch in consultation with Of
f1cials of the Justice Depart
ment.
1t won't be an easy choice to
make because of two recent
court decisions: The Durham
decision handed down by the
Court of Appeals for the Dis
trict in July, 1854, and the
Mallory decision handed down
by the Supreme Court in June
of this year.
The Durham decision threw
out old concepts of law in cases
where a question Of the Defend
ants insanity is involved.
Before the Durham decision
a jury, faced with an insanity
plea, had to bring in an inno-
cent verdict if the defendant
(a) was shown to be unable at
the time of the crime to dis
tinguish between right and
wrong, or (b) committed the
crime because of an "irresist-
ible impulse"
But the Durham decision
said these were old-fashioned
and narrow concepts, out of
step with new developments in
the field of psychiatry.
Two New Tests
1t broadened the base for
determining a verdict where
sanity is involved, saying the
jury must find the defendant
BECOMES OFFICE 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

y here in February. 1856. He
lg Caroline Nelson, then putting
innocent on the basis of two
new tests:
He is innocent if the evidence
shows (a) he was suffering
from a diseased or defective
mental condition when he COM
mitted the offense" and (b)
the crime was the product of
this mental condition.
Law enforcement officials
maintain the Durham doctrine
confuses a jury and, in effect,
makes it easier for a man
pleading insanity to escape
punishment for his crime.
Under the broad concept of the
doctrine, they say. insanity be-
comes a very flexible term
100 leAlDle.
These same officials criticize
the Mallory doctrine.
This doctrine maintains a
mans confession can't be ad-
mitted in evidence at a trial If
arresting officers have not made
efforts to have the man ar
raigned in court without un-
necessary delay" The Mallory
decision also speaks of arraign-
ment "as quickly as possible"
and allows only "a brief delay
between arrest and arraign-
ment.
But, the critics say, none OF
these phrases pins down ex-
actly what is meant by delay
in terms of a specific lapse OF
time, or how soon "as quickly
as possible" is.
How do these decisions affect
the Carter case?
Government prosecutors are
loath to ask for steps that may
lead to Carter's incarceration in
a mental institution. District
law says he could be released,
if later found to be mentally
competent.
And the prosecutors don't
want to take this chance on the
assumption that after his re-
lease Carter won't commit an
other brutal crime.
Joker in New Trial
In the event of a new trial
even if they prove Carter was
sane at the time of the crime
even if the supposed faults OF
jury instruction of the. first
trial are corrected, there is still
a possible joker in the deck.
This is the Mallory doctrine
Carter was taken into custody
at 8 pm. the day of the crime
Police said he made a full con-
fession at 3 am. the day after
the crime. He wasn't arraigned
until noon of the day after the
crime.
The Appeals Court said his
confession should not have been
admitted as evidence in the
trial because there was "unnec-
essary delay" in his arraign-
ment under the Mallory doc
trine.
Therefore, the Government
must ask the Appeals Court to
clear up the definition Of "un-
necessary delay" before think
ing of asking for a new trial.
Otherwise the confession could
not be admitted in any future
trial, and the Government
might have no case to start
with.
Final Choice
This leaves the final choice:
A request for a new hearing OF
the case by the entire nine
man bench of the Appeals
Court.
If the court should decide
the 14-hour gap between Car
ter's arrest and arraignment
was unnecessary delay" the
prosecutors might at least get
a definition-in actual time
of the term.
If the court should find a
delay was not unnecessary. the
prosecutors would have scored
a major victory in what they
regard as their battle against
the vagueness of the Mallory
doctrine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
The
Rambler
Watches Ducks
Flying From Winter
By GEORGE KENNEDY

For the past week or so,
the Rambler has been watch
ing the skies-not for Sput-
mix or Muttnik but in
hopes Of seeing a ragged
wavering v of geese flying
South to their winter
quarters.
It's always a thrill to see
them, especially from city
streets. The Rambler re-
members seeing one fight
go right across Manhattan
high above Forty-second
street, the So-called "cross-
roads of the world"
On a day of a more recent
fall, he saw a flight cross
the Potomac over Memorial
Bridge and, another time,
while working in the quiet
of his garden, he both saw
and heard a flight go over
head.
Honking is not quite the
word for the noise they
make. Cabling is much
more like it.
What started this sky
watching was a report he got
a few days ago that 80 mall
lardS had descended on the
rejecting pool near the
Lincoln Memorial.
1t won't be long now. The
duck season opens on Thurs
day.
Haven't seen a fight of
geese yet this fall. So far
the Rambler'S only acquaint-
ance with migratory water
fowl is looking in at the
Roach's Run feeding station
on the Memorial highway
between the Fourteenth
street bridge and National
Airport, which he passes
every day to and from work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
.Pldn Workshop
In Frederick

Mrs. William r. Hinshaw
of Frederick. Nd. is the new
president Of the Maryland
division. American Associ-
alton of University Women.
She viii preside over sessions
at the summer workshop to
be held on Wednesday, at
Calvary Methodist Church
in Frederick.
Other new State officers
are Mrs. Coy E. Moose Of
Kensington. correspo n ding
secretary. and Mrs. r. o.
Steltzer of College Park,
first vice president and pro-
gram chairman.
The all-day sessions will
begin at 10 am. with State
subject matter chairmen, in
GLIDING arts, education, in
ternational relations. legiSla-
ton, social studies. fellow
ship. membership, program,
publicity and recent gradu-
ates, scheduled to conduct
separate workshops for their
local branch counterparts.
Luncheon will be served at
the Francis Scott Key Hotel.
with afternoon sessions at
the church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
New Officers
To Be Installed

The Coda Myerson Club
Pioneer Women's Organize
ton will install their new Of
ficerS on Tuesday at the
Mayf1ower Hotel.
Newly elected officers are
Mrs. Morris Pollin and Mrs.
Isaac Stearmani, presidents;
Mrs. Pauline Schneider, first
vice president and Moetzet
Hapoalot, chairman; Mrs.
William Floam, second vice
president and membership
chairman; Mrs. Rose Akin,
third vice president and cul-
tural chairman; Mrs. Nellie
Kessler, fourth vice president
and organizational chair
man; Mrs. Harry Ziggles,
treasurer; Mrs. Sol Levine,
financial secretary; Mrs. Celia
GinSburg. recording secretary,
and Mrs. Boris Benson, cor
responding secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

cousin, Mr.. Robert N. Miller.
the bride wore a lace wedding
gown and veil. Her twin sister,
Mrs. Richard Mayfield, was
matron of honor. The brides
maids were the Misses Anne
Bird, Jean Armistead and
Carolyn Edmundson.
Mr.. Alderman served as
best man for his son. The
uShers were the MeSSrs. Heb
ron E. Adams, William C.
Cough, Benjamin Lee Bird
and James D. Chappell, jr.
The bride is a graduate Of
the Madeira School and
ScrippS College. Claremont,
Calf. Mr.. Alderman was
graduated from Culver Mill
tary Academy, Princeton Uni
versity and the Harvard
Graduate School of Business.
Following the ceremony, a
reception was given by the
brides cousins, Mr.. and Mrs.
Robert N. Miller, at their
home in Georgetown.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Miss Bird
Married

Miss Eugenia Louise Bird
was married yesterday after
noon to Mr.. Kenneth Ben
jamin Alderman of Lima,
Ohio. in Christ Church in
Georgetown. The bride is the
daughter of the late Rev.
and Mrs. Benjamin Bird of
Bala-Cynwyd, Pa. Mr.. Acker-
man is the son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Sheldon B. Alderman of
Lima, Ohio.
The rector Of Christ
Church, the Rev. John r.
Absolute, performed the cere-
mony. He was assisted by the
Rev. Richard T. Lyford of
Bala- Cynwyd, a friend of the
brides family who succeeded
her father as rector of st.
Asaph's Church there.
Given in marriage by her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Women's Club
Announces PldnS
For This Week

The University women's
Club has announced its pro-
gram for the coming week.
Tomorrow at 3 pm. French
conversation will be led by
Nine. Nicholas de Chatelain.
followed by the club tea at
I o'clock.
On Tuesday the sketching
group will meet at the studio
Of Miss Theodore Kane, 600
Twentieth street NV. at I
pm. The group will be led
by DR.. Anna Ketcham.
Thursday at ii am. Miss
Iva Grace Prisk will review
Star of Macedon" by Karl
v. Kiker, for the book review
group. Discussion will be led
by Miss Winnefrede Rogers.
Duplicate bridge. led by
Miss Virginia Kinnard at
7:45 PM. on Friday. viii COM
plete the activities for the
week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Field Doy Sloted
For Servicen1en

The Military Committee of
the Woodmont Country Club
has invited more than so
military and com unity
leaders to attend the annual
Field Day to be held July IS
for hospitalized Servicemen.
Eight hundred patients
are expected at the Wood
mont event which the COM
mittee hopes will be emulated
by other country clubs To-
Gated near military hospitals.
The Armed Services Hospital
ity Committee is assisting
with arrangements.
Other summer activities
for servicemen in this area
include regular Wednesday
sightseeing trips for new
personnel at the Boiling Air
Force Base. The Council of
Jewish Women supplies vol
unteerS.
Representatives of the
Armed Services Hospitality
Committee brief two groups
Of Boiling airmen twice q
week on recreational facilities
in this area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Nursing
Class Is
Planned

Twenty-Five applicants will
be accepted for the next
class in practical nursing at
the Burdick Vocational
School. beginning on Sep
TENDER 9.
Interviews are being held
now from 8 am. to 3 pm.
daily at the school at 1900
Allison street NV. Those de-
string further information
may call the school.
The course is free to wom-
en- residents of the District
of Columbia between the ages
of Is and SIS. 1t is sponsored
by the District Public Schools
and accredited by the Ma
tional Association for Prac-
tical Nurse Education.
Those who complete the
training will find many OPEN
ings in private hospitals, UNI
der Civil Service, in private
duty work or in doctors Of
fees, officials point out. The
salaries are approximately
three-fourths of the profess
sional nurses salaries.
Held during the day, the
course includes II weeks of
classroom work and 80 weeks
of clinical practice at the
George Washington Univer-
sity Hospital. The hours are
from $3.50 am. to 3 pm,
Monday through Fridays dur
ing the classroom period,
while students work a 40
hour week during the 81
week clinical period.
For the hnSuital work the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Miss Perkins
Takes q Look
Backward
Cont'd. From Page, D.4

- AOAh 06C1 III
Clellan Committee hearings
into unions. she accepts them
as an element of growth.
Il think the Mcclellan
Committee has done its work
in one union, and that the
union itself has done the
rest" she said in her calm,
cultured voice. Many unions
have grown rich suddenly.
But I'm not so Mortified be-
cause I never thought that
labor was a special class,
better than bankers, bakers
or any other people. We've
had insurance scandals, and
banking scandals before. And
I suspect that investigations
Of the So-called welfare funds
may reveal a lot of incom-
petence in handling money
not dishonesty, but in
competence. But we will
probably get some legislation
and the situation will be
corrected. The business of
caring for other peoples
money has always been q
problem"
Looking backward, Miss
Perkins is something less
than impressed with her
career.
what you might say" she
said with a smile, lis that I
happened to be a woman
born in my own time"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07
Circus Is Con1inq

Playing with the robbits are left to right Mary
Dee Macleod, Sharon and Alice Monroney and
Jo-Jo. Sharon and AIices grandmother, Mrs. A. S.
Monroney wife Of the Oklahoma Senator is helping
with invitations to the circus performance which will
be held in Griffith Stadium for the benefit of
WARDS, Welfare and Animals used for Research
in Drugs and Surgery. The volunteer organization
research animals by providing them adequate space
for air and exercise while they serving mankind.
Star Stoff Photo by Rosemary
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-07

student is allowed $25 a
month to help defray the
cost Of meals. laundry and
the like. There are no dormi-
tory provisions. however.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-30

by a small. dry battery. It can
be worn on the lapel of the
workers Jacket Just like the
dosimeter is.
Color Scale Shows Findings
A color scale shows its find
ings. AS the sound raises in vol
ume the fluid In the unit grows
darker. BY inspecting this from
time to time and predetermin-
ing the color indicating danger
from too much exposure. the
worker can be temporoily trans
ferred to work away from the
noise Of the Jet engine.
Early commercial manufacture
|of these meters is expected.
Solions already have been built
to reduce the size, weight and
cost o instruments for aerial
navigation. Another solion, called
the Derry" is a unit that may
supplant the far less sensitive
thermostat that controls fur
naces in some homes.
Scientists at the Ordnance
Laboratory think these electro
chemical units nave many ad-
vantages over the use Of vacuum
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-30

search Laboratory at the Uni
versity Of Texas.
Risk Of Deafness
The risk of permanent deaf.
ness caused by working too LONG
near the roars Of jet engines ha;
long concerned the Air Force
sometimes faced with medical
discharges because of it. Civilian
industries and air transport sys-
TENS are also concerned.
The problem was to devise
some way Of measuring the cum
Iulative effects Of sound on these
workers just as dosimeters meas
|ure the amount of radiation alb
sorbed by Xsray technicians and
scientists exposed to nuclear
radiation.
Aside from the hazards of
deafness, some medical authori-
ties think such intense sound
may have bad effects upon the
central nervous systems Of per-
sons exposed for too long a
time.
The new exposure meter is a
tiny instrument that is powered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-30
TODAY IN MEDICINE
Small Meter Invented
ToMeosure Jet Noise

and electric computing ma
chimes.
Chemtronics makes use oil
natural laws that govern the
movement Of ions through fluids
rather than through space. as in
q vacuum. tube, or through solids
as in transistors.
These electrochemical units,
which are employed in the meter,
have been tentatively called SOL
ions-short for ions In solution,
Much credit for the development
of chemtronics is given to SCI
|entists. at the Ordnance Lab
oratory and the Defense Re-