davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
Confident View Token Of Supreme Court
RULINGS as Siqn u. S. Traditions Prevail

iorated; and that we can
safely move back into the
great American tradition.
That Is what I meant by say
ing. in q previous column. that
the decisions are not revolu-
tionary but the opposite. They
give one the comfortable feel
ing Of coming back home.
where there have always been
cranks. radicals Of every color.
would-be overthrowers Of the
social order. biologists who
yearned to shatter the world
to bits and then remold it
nearer to their hearts desire,
tolerated because we were sure
they couldn't do 1t, and re-
garded by both the state and
society. not as dangerous men,
aces but as nuisances and
crushing bores.
The decisions are reminis-
cent Of Jefierson's first inau-
gural address. uttered at o
time when America was suffer-
ing from the backwash OF the
French revolution, the original
ideals OF which had been
drowned In bloody injustices,
and whose leaders also were
conspiring on an international
scale. Jefferson himself being
under suspicion. Reaction
aries" were packing their
trunks in Washington prepar-
ing to fee the coming Red
terror, when Jefferson deliv-
cred his immortal address 40
limpid and confident as light.
I find an element Of humor
in the fact that Justice Tom
Clark. formerly prosecuting at
torney Of President Truman
Communist charges are red
herrings"), was the lone dis
senter, and that the rehabili-
tated State Department ofiicial
was fired by Truman's Secre-
tary Of State, Dean Acheson,
idol OF the liberals" Mr.. Jus
tice Harlan, who was strongly
influential in forming the
decisions, is thoroughly con-
sentative.
But, again. the conservative
mind has usually been the
guardian OF personal freedom
against the excuses OF de
moEatism" that can be 20
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
DAVID LAWRENCE
Supreme Court and the States

This is Q virtual sabotage Of
congressional procedures. But
it is also q Gripping blow to
investigating committees Of
State legislatures. cities and
counties.
The Supreme Court has
certainly taken away many
other powers Of the States in
the last few years. Thus, the
court feels it has authority
now to say how schools shall
be operated. how pupils shall
be assigned. how admission
requirements shall be written,
and to pass upon what parents
Of children in q community
may say in urging other
parents what to do about
their children's attendance at
certain. schools. This amounts
to virtually complete regula-
ton of the schools under the
jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court. This power is one the
States for generations have
thought was reserved to them.
Senator Thurmond, Demo-
crat of South Carolina, has
q direct solution. He has in
troduced legislation to de-
fine the appellate jurisdiction
OF the Supreme Court. The
Constitution gives that power
to Congress. A law which says
what Federal statutes may be
appealed to the high court and
what actions by the supreme
tribunals of the States can
be accepted for appeal to the
Supreme Court Of the United
States would be constitutional.
It has been tried for brief
periods before In American
history.
This isn't the whole answer,
but the movement to curb the
Supreme Court is growing.
Bills to provide for recon-
firmation Of Supreme Court
justices by the Senate after
four years of service, bills to
provide for selection of only
lawyers of qualified experience,
and bills with other limita-.
tons are being introduced in
Congress in a general revulsion
OF feeling against what Thur
mond calls judicial tyranny"
and judicial usurpation."
CReDroduetion RIGHTS Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
State Executives Show Reluctance
To Talk of C0mpoigns for CONGRESS

too hot to handle by most Of
his colleagues.
Mcfarland is q liberal of
sufficient moderation to COM
mand Southern support for
the leadership. Like the senior
Arizona Senator. Democrat
Carl Hayden. he in fact made
concessions to the South in
order to gain Southern votes
for the reclamation projects
vital to his desert State.
Gov. George M. Leader OF
Pennsylvania win be out OF
a job next year when his term
expires. as he cannot succeed
himself. One of the fresh
young Democratic faces, Lead
er seemed here to be somewhat
disillusioned by the struggle
he has had in Harrisburg to
modernize the State govern
ment. 1t is still widely expected
that he will be drafted to run
for the Senate seat to be va
Gated by Republican Edward
Martin.
Leader said calmly that
State governments are the
least effective. least competent
Of all units Of government. He
particularly emphasized that
the one-term Limitation In his
State prevents q Governor from
carrying forward needed re-
forms.
1t is not an accident, he
argued. that New York Gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27

WILLIAMSBURG, Va.-The
Nations Governors are we'll
known seeded for Presidents
and also for the United States
Senate.
With wide open presidential
nominating conventions in
prospect in both parties. the
present collection Of State
executives showed less inclina-
ton than usual to discuss
Senate prospects.
Only one, a former Senator,
admitted straight out that he
is looking toward Washington
when his term expires next
year. Gov. Ernest Mcfarland
was the Democratic Senate
leader when he was caught in
the 1852 Eisenhower triumph.
Mcfarland lost to Senator
Barry Goldwater, q circum-
stance he hopes to avenge. The
contest will be clear-cut.
Since his arrival in Wash
ington. Goldwater has aligned
himself with the G. o. P. right
wing. including the late Senator
Joseph r. Mccarthy. With a
rather unusual lack Of pre-
tense. he has never conceded
merit to the modern Repub-
lican idea associated with the
President and the White House
staff. Goldwater is orthodox
and proud Of it. a defender Of
right-to-work laws and other
legislation generally considered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27

The Senate has approved
unanimously a resolution ex-
pressing its sense" that the
United Nations General As
sembly should meet at the
earliest possible moment-be-
fore the regular September ses-
sion--to deal with the report
on the Soviet crimes and mis-
deeds in Hungary. The resolu-
ton was intended as a morale
booster for the prematurely
fatigued peace organization.
1t is admitted that If its
membership wanted to do
something to check the Reds
it has the power and ability
to do so. It could, for instance,
adopt the same methods which
were taken against Spain in
1946, when at the insistence of
Stain, who wanted to destroy
the last anti Communist YES
tige in that portion of Europe,
the United Nations urged its
members to withdraw their
ambassadors from Madrid
without. however. formally
breaking diplomatic relations.
But what is sauce for the
goose in that organization of
''peace-loving nations" is not
sauce for the gander, too. The
sponsors Of the Senate reso-
luton are painfully aware that
no such step will be taken.
Spain was weak at the time
when Moscow successfully
urged the newly born world
organization to punish Fran
co and bring about his down.
fall" The USSR is a strong
and much-feared power. The
mere summoning of the U. N.
General Assembly in extraor-
binary meeting to receive the
reports of its committee rep
resenting only small nations,
and another verbal blast at the
USSR, would be considered the
maximum measure Of success.
But even this seems at this
time doubtful.
In the meantime the Senate,
which will have the RESPONSE
bility of ratifying an eventual
disarmament agreement, is
skeptical and suspicious about
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
DORIS FLEEs0N
Governors Coy on Senate

errors who have been free to
run for reelection as often
as they liked so often have
become President, because
they get q chance to prove
themselves. In Pennsylvania,
he said. Governors spent two
years learning the job and
two years running for the
Senate. He insisted he would
not repeat the pattern.
The term Of another young
Democrat who Unexpectedly
won control Of q normally
Republican State-Gov. Ed
mund Muskie Of Maine-also
expires next year In eonjunc-
ton with q Senate vacancy.
Senator Fred Payne Of Maine
has given his health as the
reason for his announced de-
cision not to seek reelection.
Muskie also was reserved in
his comments but his friends
were not. They think he will
run and win the Payne seat.
A sitting Senator-Gore of
Tennessee-whoSe term is up
next year got a break from
Tennessee Gov. Frank Clement
who cannot succeed himself
then. Clement said he would
not run against Gore. adding
pointedly that he did not con-
slider that Senator Estes Ke-
fauver Is in the same friend
ly fellow-Democrat" category.
Kefauver. who is UP for re-
election in 1860. apparently
can take this as notice Of an
other rocky road he must
travel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
Senators Look at the Soviets

cloakrooms that he intends to
run for some high ONCE next
year in Pennsylvania. His
political stock has fallen
alarmingly-for himself-ever
since his abortive efforts to
unsaddle Vice President Nixon
before the San Francisco con-
vention, where he was finally
forced to eat crow.
Stassen, contrary to the
views Of most political proph-
cts, did not suffer any i'll
effects inasfar as his continual
ton of playing an important
role in President Eisenhower's
intimate family is concerned.
1t is true that he recently was
transferred to the State De-
partment under the direct
control Of Secretary Dulles.
who takes a dim view Of his
diplomatic abilities. But this
was mostly for the sake Of
form. Actually. Stassen has
continued to "freewheel" in
London. where he believes that
the most important thing is
to gain the good will Of his
counterpart. Soviet Ambas-
sador Valery Zorin. This atti.
tude last month drew protests
from the British and French
participants at the conference.
Stassen returned to Washing
ton to report"
1t was rumored but officially
denied that during his short
stay in Washington he received
a good dressing down from his
immediate superior. Whether
this is true or not is one Of
the state secrets" The fact
remains that he went back
to London, accompanied this
time by Minister Julius c.
Holmes, one Of the trusted
advisers of the Secretary Of
State and a former political
adviser to General Eisenhower
during the North African
campaign in 1913.
The information received in
Washington indicates that
Stassen has not been faxed in
the slightest. either by the
alleged dressing down" or by
the fact that Holmes is by
his side. supposedly to inform
the State Department about
matters which Stassen over
looks in reporting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
Tribunal Viewed as Toking Away
Powers of the Commemorative

rights" The idea that society
as a whole needs protection
against traitors and crooks is
brushed aside, and the "indi-
vidual right" is ruled to be
supreme.
Congress is told by the SUI
preme Court that its investi-
eating committees hereafter
cannot punish the refusal by
a witness to answer questions,
even If the Fifth Amendment
isn't invoked. The edict also is
issued by the Supreme Court
that free speech includes the
right to preach forcible over
throw Of the Government and
that. only when the conspiracy
is well under way and there is
an actual step taken to over
throw the Government, can
effective steps be taken to pro.
tect the Nation.
Naturally. this type Of rea-
soning doesn't sit well with
Congress, though here and
there are so-called liberals"
who are rejoicing over the
decisions.
The FBI and police agencies
Of States and cities, moreover,
are worried. For the Supreme
Court says detectives reports
about any witness that the
defendants counsel asks for
must be made public. or the
right Of the prosecuting at
torney to use the witness must
be forfeited. The difficulties
this introduces for the law
enforcement agencies Of the
country are incalculable.
Congress doesn't know now
how to proceed with its in
veStigations on any subject.
For the court has said ques-
tons directed to q witness
must be phrased with the
same explicitness and clarity
as is required in q law court.
The witness must be told just
what the purpose of any ques-
ton is before an answer need
be made and then, II the wit
ness chooses. he can regard
the question as not pertinent"
to the Legislative purpose"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27

President Eisenhower unwit-
tingly opened a Pandora's box
when he urged the conference
of Governors to assert the
rights of the States. He said:
Never, under our constitu-
tional system, could the Ma
tional Government have si-
phoned away State authority
without the neglect, acquie-
scence. or unthinking co-opera-
ton Of the States themselves"
But the question now being
asked is how can the States
today assert their rights If the
Supreme Court Of the United
States can pass flaws" or adopt
Legislation" that takes away
from the States the rights they
always thought they had un-
der the Constitution?
This Capital today has in it
many officials and legislators
who are angry over the latest
Supreme Court decisions-and
many Of them are in the adj
ministration itself. The Presi-
dent shows an outward clam
and urges respect for the court
as an institution. He said,
however. with remarkable re-
straint to his press conference
this week that possibly in their
latest series of decisions, there
are some that each Of us has
very great trouble understand
ing"
The Supreme Court has rem
dered decisions which many
officialS believe will endanger
the security of the Nation and
make it easier for Communists
to inf1ltrate the A m erican
Government. Likewise, many
officials believe the States have
been rendered powerless to
carry on effective law enforce
ment against criminals.
Rarely has there been such
a sense Of Illustration in Gov
eminent as there is today as
the Supreme Court goes on
releasing Communists as well
as various types of criminals.
including a confessed rapist,
on technical grounds described
conveniently as Individual
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

1kes idea Of giving things back States has some
drawbacks For instance what would anybody Nevada want
with Nevada?
Democratic Senator Kerr says es financial policy is
catastrophe" In fact what with high price Of buhe
baskets in Kes business to scoop I'D money with
his bare hands.
This country is great hygiene The Eisenhower team
threw out the dirty bomband the Supreme Court threw out
the dirty books
Rock n roll Swing with hccups
Col Nickerson. the Army missile man. pleads guilty to
leaking secret information. The Army hopes gets 10
years-wh time on for good behavior chief Of stan
What the Democrats need in 1860 two new faces-and
any old issue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27

The Supreme Court decisions
have rung down the curtain
on what has been called
1.-THE witchhunting epoch" The
words were never mine. Witches
were illusions. Communists are
real, and the existence Of an
international Communist con-
spiracy is a fact.
But these decisions-releas-
ing five known Communists in
California, and demanding re-
trials for nine others; re-
facilitating a discharged State
Department official, and ex-
onerating a labor leader who
was fined and imprisoned for
contempt Of Congress because
he refused to name former
Communist associates - indi-
Gates the Supreme Court no
longer regards communism as
"a real and present danger"
or internal threat to the Sc
curity Of the American Gov
eminent.
1t is most unlikely that these
decisions would have been
given five years ago. The high
court would hardly have so
ruled during the Stalinist
period and the Korean or Indo-
Chinese wars. The Committee
on Un American Activities
reached its zenith when Amer
lea was genuinely afraid that
communism might sweep the
world and engulf the United
States, and America was fever
ishly rebuilding It's external
and internal defenses. Then
the security Of the state took
precedence over the rights Of
the individual, as 1t always
does in war. War, hot or cold,
is the perennial enemy Of per-
sonal freedoms and invariably
reduces the area Of what is
considered to be tolerable.
These decisions are, there
fore, an expression OF restored
confidence. They indicate that
the highest court Of this land,
and the ultimate guardian OF
its Constitution, believes that
greater rights Of individuals
are no longer incompatible
with the security OF the state;
that what were, essentially,
VIZ measures can be amel-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
DOROTHY THOMPSON
The Passing of a u. S. Threat

awfully tyrannous. Edmund
Burke was q conservative, and
the extent to which he is be-
ing revived in American uni
versities is also cheering.
It's a beautiful day up here
in Vermont. The heat wave
has abated. The weather Is
sparkling and clear. The wood
chucks have been gassed in the
perennial beds or departed for
other gardens. And the politi-
cal weather is brighter. too.
Happy Fourth Of July! Put
up the flag!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
With U. N. Penalty for Hungary Doubtful,
Lowmokers View Arms Farley Woriy
CONSTANTINE BROWN

what is going on at present in
London. The skepticism is based
on the fact that not only since
the war. but actually since the
Communists have taken over
Russia, they have never kept
their word. regardless of
whether they have been deal
ing with democratic or totali-
tartan governments.
The legislators VINO are fol-
lowing the limitation Of arms
talks from a distance as closely
as conditions permit agree that
the only motive which has led
the Russian Communist leaders
to participate ''in a spirit Of
Cancellation" Ito use one of the
stereotyped sentences of some
Western diplomats) is that be-
hind their attempts to bring
about a holiday in further tests
Of nuclear bombs. This is due
to the fact that, despite the
boasts of the Soviet hierarchy,
the Russians still are far be-
hind the United States and
Great Britain in nuclear weap-
ons. But. add leaders of both
parties in the Senate, a democ-
racy must leave no stone I'M
turned in its efforts to bring
peace to the world. Hence, we
had to go to the London Con-
ference, but we have our eyes
wide open.
So much for the skepticism
surrounding the present par
leys. The suspicious" are GEN.
tered around the person Of
our chief spokesman, Presi-
dent Eisenhower's principal
disarmament adviser and now
chief American delegate and
negotiator in the British cap
ital. Harold Stassen has a
well-established reputation as
a political freewheeler. He is a
very ambitious man who is
always willing to take ad-
vantage of any situation to
further his political ambitions.
Although he has made no
formal announcement yet as
to his hopes and expectations
in 1858 and 1860, the word
goes around in senatorial
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-12
Planners Hail
Road Program

LITTLE ROCK. Ark. June IL
(R.-The National Citizens Plan
ming Conference was told yester-
day that "for the first time this
national planning organization
can speak with real confidence
about highway transportation IS
or 20 years in advance.
The words came from C. D.
Curtiss of Washington, D. c.,
commissioner of the United
States Bureau of Public Roads.
He was talking about the new
Federal interstate highway pro-
gram.
mo matter how we measure
it." Mr.. Curtiss said. 'in cubic
yards Of earthwork, tons Of az
gregates or money. the figures
are hard to grasp.
In money, $25 billion OF Fed
eralfunds are authorized for the
national system Of interstate and
defense highways.
This huge sum, plus matching
funds from the States, will pro-
vide for a l3- to l5-year con-
struction program designed to
modernize a 40,000-mile network
connecting 80 per cent of the
Nations principal cities and
linking business and industrial
cehters from coast to coast"
Earlier yesterday F. T. ivy
man. vice president of Yale q
Towne Manufacturing Co., told
the conference that dispersal of
industry throughout the United
States is "equalizing prosperity
for ALL"
His own company is construct
ing a big plant in Forrest City,
Ark. After World War II the
company built plants at Salem,
Va: Gallatin. Tenn: Lenoir City,
Tenn, and is building another
in Monroe, N. c.
In this decentralization pro-
gram, Mr.. Twyman said, I'VE
found that no place is far away
in America"
Experience taught the COM
pany. Mr.. Twyman declared. the
advantages of the small city or
town. LAS a matter Of course
we did survey the mid-continent
urban centers but we rejected
them. Congestion alone
was enough to cause this"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-12

fellow workers off the stoop of
the Billingsley residence.
Mr.. Billingsley appeared in
night court with his attorney,
Roy Cohn. Cohn was counsel
for the Senate Internal Security
Subcommittee when it was
headed by the late Senator Je-
Seph R. Mccarthy.
Mr.. Billingsley was released
in MIR. COINS custody after
agreeing to hand over to police
three guns he kept at home. He
is to apear in Felony Court to-
day.
Latest in Series
The arrest was the latest in q
series of difficulties for Mr.. Bill
ingsley. Pickets have been
parading outside the Stork Club
for some time in a dispute in
volving faiters and kitchen help,
This has led to several court
cases.
Late yesterday Murray Beskin,
40, of the Bronx, swore out a
complaint against Mr.. Billingsley.
He told police he and five other
painters had been working at
the Austrian Consulate on East
Sixty-ninth street. At noon they
took out their lunch boxes and
parked on the porch of Mr..
Billingsley's residence next door.
Mr.. Beskin said Mr.. Billingsley
came to the door and ordered
the men of the stoop. He quoted
Mr.. Billingsley as saying:
MY daughter is due to get
home from school soon, and
she will get nervous if she sees
q group Of men on the stoop."
Nervous Over Threats
Mr.. Beskin said Mr.. Billingsley
then pulled a gun out OF his
pocket. He didn't point it at
anyone, said Mr.. Beskin. but the
men scrambled of the stoop.
Mr.. Cohn said later Mr.. Bill
ingsley had been made nervous
by continued threats of one kind
or another.
To-day Tuesday, over the
telephone he received several
threats" said Mr.. Cohn. land
when he saw a group of men on
his stoop he didn't know what
to make of it,"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-12
New Yale Dean Named

NEW HAVEN, Conn. June IL
II (R.-Yale University an
nounced yesterday the appoint
ment of Prof. Gibson A. Danes.
chairman of the department Of
art at the University Of Cali
fornia in Los Angeles. as new
dean Of the Yale School Of
Architecture and Design.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-12
BiIIingsIey Surrenders
To Police on Gun Choroe

NEW YORK June IL l9-Stork Club owner Sherman Bill
ngey voluntarily police Fifth
night only steps from his plush night He picked
up on a charge of feonious assault with
housepanter filed complaint earlier alleging that the ST.
pulled chased him
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-12
No sooner said
than done
...by telephone

A fine party! What's the occasion. :. fund rails.
ing, PTA, school reunion7
In any event, the Woodworking committee
that made the party success deserves
round Of applause. And don't forget, the tele.
phone helped, too.
twas the telephone that helped settle hun.
dreds Of details" will you take charge of
the decorations?. :. Mary, will you arrange for
the food? :. Jane;wiII you get the extra tables
and chairs?"
Let your telephone run your day.to.day
erands, plan good times, keep you in touch
with friends and loved ones. There's just no
end to its usefulness. Your telephone is always
at hand to work for you-quicky treIessIy,
every day Of the year.