davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14

the pupil placement law. The
law Immediately became the
major issue in the case and
Judge Hoffman ruled it was
unconstitutional.
Local Authority Upheld
Pupil placement laws in
North and South Carolina have
survived court tests which went
all the way to the Supreme
Court. In both cases the assign
ment power was left in the
hands of the localities.
Attorney General Almond
said last week that pupil place.
ment cannot preserve total seq
regation. This led Senator
Dalton to comment yesterday
that a pupil assignment plan
is saving North Cardinals seq
regated public schools" while
the radical path pointed out
by Senator Byrd, Attorney Gen.
eral Almond and Governor
Stanley leads to destruction of
our separate schools"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14

PL6cement ACT.
These are appeals from in
junctive DEGREES forbidding
racial discrimination in the
public schools Of Norfolk and
Newport News. Va. and are
controlled in all material re-
spects by our decision in the
City of Charlottesville and
Arlington County cases. 1t is
argued that on the authority
of Carson VS.. Warlick, the
cases here should be dismissed
or proceedings therein be
stayed until administrative
remedies have been exhausted
under the recent Pupil Place
ment Act. AS pointed out by
the Judge below, however, this
statute furnishes no adequate
remedy to plaintiffs because Of
the fixed and definite policy
of the school authorities with
respect to segregation and be-
cause Of the provision of Chap
ter So Of the Acts Of the Extra
Session, which provide for the
closing Of schools and with
drawal therefrom of State
funds upon any departure from
this policy in any school.
Issue Of Jurisdiction
1t is argued that . the court
was without jurisdiction of the
cases and that only a three
judge court would have had
Jurisdiction because the con-
stitutional validity of the Pupil
Placement Act was involved.
This question was not raised,
however, in the applications
for injunction, which were filed
before the passage of that act
and which merely sought the
protection Of constitutional
rights in a suit for the hearing
Of which a court of three
judges was not required. After
the passage of the act, motion
was made to dismiss the cases
on the ground that the act
provided an administrative
remedy which had not been
exhausted. The trial judge held
as to this that the act did not
provide an adequate admins
trative remedy and tha it was
unconstitutional when con-
sidered in connection with
other statutes passed at the
same time and its manifest
purpose. AS no injunction was
asked or granted against the
enforcement of the act or the
officials charged with its en-
forcement. a case for the con-
stitution Of a three-judge court
was not presented. even though
the constitutionality of an act
relied on in the motion to
dismiss was involved. For like
reason, there is no occasion to
stay proceedings pending action
by the Supreme Court of APP
peals of Virginia on a case
invoking the validity Of the
act.
It should be noted that the
DEGREES appealed from do not
require the assignment Of chill
dren to particular schools nor
do they require mixing of races
In any school. They merely for
bid defendants from refusing
to admit plaintiffs from any
school solely on account Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14
PLACEMENT

Continued from First Page
Negroes to white schools, which
automatically would call into
play the States fund cutoff
and school-closing legislation.
No court has ruled on the
latter two laws because they
have not yet been invoked.
Arlington and Charlottesville
desegregation suits, which went
all the way to the Supreme
Court. originated before the
placement law was effective.
Both Jurisdictions are now I'M
der orders to begin desegrega-
ton in the fall. but as long as
the State continues to use the
placement law-pending a final
opinion by the Supreme Court
Negro students applying to at
tend white schools in Char
lottesville and Arlington pre-
sumably will be required to 60
before the placement board.
State Plea Rejected
The appeals court rejected a
plea by attorneys for the State
yesterday that the court take
no action until the pupil place.
ment law is ruled on by the
Virginia Supreme Court Of APP
peals. The State high court
has before 1t a suit by Mrs.
Theo DeFebio Of Fairfax Coun-
ty who is seeking to have her
two sons reinstated in county
schools.
The DeFebio boys were dis
missed after Mrs. DeFebio re-
fused to sign pupil placement
forms required by the Virginia
act. Yesterdays decision will
have no immediate effect on
the case since a State court is
not bound by a Federal deci-
sion until it is acted on by the
United States Supreme Court.
Yesterdays ruling by Chief
Justice John j.. Parker Of Char
lotte. N. c.. and Circuit Judges
Simon E. Sobeloff Of Baltimore
and Clement F. Hynesworth, jr.
of Greenville, N. c., said Of the
placement act that .. as
has been pointed out by the
Judge below CHoffman) this
statute furnished no adequate
remedy to plaintiffs Negro
children and parents) because
Of the fixed and definite policy
Of the school authorities with
respect to segregation and be-
cause Of the provisions Of chap
ter SO Of the acts Of the Viz
ginia General Assembly which
provide for the closing of
schools and withdrawal there
from Of State funds upon any
departure from this policy in
any school,"
The Norfolk and Newport
News desegregation suits were
brought q year ago by Negro
students and their parents
While the Norfolk and New
port News suits were pending
the Virginia Assembly in Sep
TENDER. 1856. adopted a series
Of new laws TO preserve segre-
cation. One Of these. the place.
ment act, provided a half-dozen
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. race-fol
assigning pupils to schools.
The State asked Judge Hoff.
man to dismiss the suits be.
cause the Negroes had not ex.
hausted administrative RENE
dies. that Is they had not tried
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14

race or color. The operative
language Of the DEGREES Is as
follows:
81. That the defendants, and
each Of them, their successors
in Office, agent, representatives,
servants, and employees, be, and
they hereby are, restrained and
enjoined from refusing, solely
on account of race or color. to
admit to. or enroll or educate
in. any school under their OPP
Grafton control. direction ur
supervision, directly or indi-
Irectly. any child otherwise
qualified for admission to, and
enrolment and education in,
such school,"
Arlington Ruling Cited
In constituting very similar
language used in his decree IN
the Arlington case, Judge
Bryan used the following Ian
guage which was quoted by us
in our opinion on appeal:
1T must be remembered that
the decision of the Supreme
Court of the United States in
Brown VS.. Board OF Education.
1854. and 1855, does not COM
pei the mixing of different
races in the public schools. No
general reshuffling Of the pu-
pills in any school system has
been commanded. The order Of
the court is simply that no
child shall be denied admission
to a school on the basis of race
or color. Indeed, just so a child
is not through any form of
compulsion Or pressure re-
quired to stay in a certain
school. or denied transfer to
another school, because of his
race or his color, the school
heads may allow the pupil,
whether white or Negro, to go
to the same school as he would
have attended in the absence
in the ruling Of the Supreme
Court.
Consequently. compliance
with that ruling may well not
necessitate such extensive
changes in the school system
as some anticipate"
That language is applicable
to the cases before us. as is the
closing language Of our opinion
in that case wherein we said:
1.-THE DEGREES here are not
harsh or unreasonable but
merely require that the law be
observed and discrimination on
the ground of race be elimi-
mated. The Arlington decree
expressly states that local rules
as to assignment to classes, so
long as such rules are not based
on race or color. are to be OBJ
served, and that administrative
remedies for admission to
schools must be exhausted be-
fore application is made to the
court for relief on the ground
that its injunction is being vio-
lated. While the Charlottes-
vile decree does not contain
this express provision, the pro-
vision is so eminently reason
able that we may safely as
sumo that enforcement of that
decree will not proceed upon
different principles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14
D. 5. Studying
Slap at kadar

- 'ho HoHoClatcu FTekS
The United States is expected
to cancel the appointment of
Edward T. Wales as American
minister to. Hungary.
Cancellation Of Mr.. WALES
appointment would be the
latest American slap at the
Hungarian Communist regime.
American Hungarian rela :
tons since the Soviet-supported
Kadar regime took over have
been marked by frequent argu-
ments and denunciations.
Mr.. WALES. a former Assist
ant Secretary Of State. left
Budapest in February after
spending II weeks there. He
never presented his credentials
to the Red regime of Premier
Janos Kadar. 1t could have re-
garded the presentation as
American recognition.
The Kadar regime had de-
manded that Mr.. WALES either
present his credentials-the
papers which protocol requires
to install a diplomat in his
post--or get out.
The State Department at the
time rejected the Hungarian
accusation that Mr.. WALES had
violated international practice,
but announced he was return
ing to this country for con-
situations.
He has since been assigned
to the War College here as
chief State Department repre-.
sentative.
About six weeks ago the Bud.
apest regime demanded thai
the United States cut the mum.
Der Of its diplomats in the
country by more than one
third. The State Department
angrily protested this order
but has taken steps to comply
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14
Pioneer Steelmnn

HARTFORD, Conn.-In 1928
Samuel Higley of Simsbury.
Conn. laid claim to producing
Americas first steel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-14
Text Of Court Decision
On Pupil Placement

RICHMOND. Va, July 10 lP1-The following Is the
teri OF the United States eth Circuit of Appeals
decision In hch it found unconstitutional Vhoinias Pupil
Placement Act:
The Nome nugget., 1957-12-13
ROTARY CLUB NEWS

Two Rotarians gave autobio- graphical sketches of themselves at Rotary luncheon Wednesday. They were George Bayer of the US. Marshals Office and Roy Snyder of the CAA station here.
 Guests were Don Yeager of the Weather Bureau in Anchorage. and pr. Anthony Gillette of the Alaska Department of Health.
The Nome nugget., 1957-12-13
Man and Wifss Disappear: Affe Trip to Caves

a-@-44
 ARLINGTON, Va, II vas a bright cool Sunday two and 2 half weeks ago a fine day for hiking or for exploring caves
 Air Force sgt. David 'Dwyer, who liked to do both, said as much to his apartment house neighbor, Mrs. John Hartley, as he passed her on the stairs.
 He was carrying luggage to car he had bought just four days before.
 "We're going up to the noun tains until Monday night" he told her cheerfully. Probably go in few caves around Luray, | think
 Mrs. Hartley waved goodby to the 43-year-old sergeant and his wife Emily-who also loved the outdoors they got into their 1850 Plymouth and drove off. The Dwyers haven't been seen since.
 Dwyer was assigned to the 2O44th Airways and Air Commu- nications Squadron at the Pen tagon. An acquaintance of Mrs. Dwyer here said she was AT, was born in England, met Sgt. Dwyer in Alas ka, where she made a living by fishing.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

ments have included Assistant
Professor of Military Science and
Tactics, Reserve Officers Training
Corps, at Montana State Universi-
ty, MissOula. Montana; Executive
Officer of the 33rd Infantry at Fort
Kobe, US Army, Caribbean; Com
manding OFFICER, Salinas Training
Area, Puerto Rico; Training Ad-
visor, US Army Forces Antilles
and US Army Forces, Puerto Rico.
Prior to going to Korea, Colonel
Golden served three years as Sen
ior Army Advisor, Wisconsin Nat
.UnaI Guard.
His combat decorations include
the Silver Star with Oak Leaf
Cluster, Bronze Star with Oak Leaf
Cluster, Combat Infantry Badge,
Distinguished Unit Citation. the
Belgian Fourragere, CrOix de Guer-
ru of Luxembourg, and seven cam
paign stars. He is graduate of
the Advanced Officers Course, In
fantry School, Fort Benning, Geor-
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

ly advocated strongly working to-
gether toward improving the Ko-
rean economy and the progressive
development in the field of indus
try and education. He has acted in
sympathy and understanding to-
ward the Korean people. assisting
them III development of their edu-
cationai and welfare projects. This
includes such activities as the
sponsoring and support of orphan
ages and hospitals by the Armed
Forces, and also includes the over
all supervision and technical as
sistance provided by AJAX. The
Seoul Area Command AJAX pro-
jects for 1855 and 1856 totaled SO
projects in amount of 1,437, 100000.
Colonel Golden was cited by
former Mayor Kim on 8 February
1856 for services rendered to the
Special City of Seoul More recent
ly Colonel Golden was again cited
by the present mayor, Chai Pong
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08
NUN A CPA

CONVENT STATION, N. J. Up
Sister Kathleen Mary of the Sis
ters of Charity became New Jer-
sey's first CPA nun recently when
she passed the states Certified
Public Accountant examination.
Sister Kathleen worked from 8
10 5 in a Newark, N. j., accounting
office for some time to fulfill the
requirements necessary before tax
ing the exam. A graduate of the
College of St. Elizabeth, she re-
ceived an NJ. A. degree in business
administration from Boston Uni
versity and held a position in the
accounting field before entering
the Sisters of Charity in 1947.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

gia, and the Armed Forces Staff
College, Norfolk. Virginia.
Since his arrival in Korea, Oc-
tOber 1865, Colonel Golden has
served as Commanding Officer,
Seoul Military Post, and continued
on as Commanding Officer, Seoul
Area Command when the Post was
expanded TO include the northern
portion of South Korea, south Of
the Corps and Army Rear bOun
daries.
Since his assignment in Korea,
he has endeaVored to promote to
the fullest mutual cooperation be-
tween the United Nations Agencies
and Forces and the Korean people,
so as to strengthen and rehabili-
tate the Republic of Korea. This
has embraced such activities as
close cooperation between our fire
fighting units, our police units, and
our utilities and repair mainten-
ance personnel He has continuous
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

the War Department General STAFF,
Washington, d. c., where he served
for two years. During his service
in the Operations Division, War
Department General Staff, he spent
approximately six months as a
combat observer, three months
with the 7th Infantry Division dur
ing :.eral IONS against the Japanese
in the Aleutian Islands, and three
months wlt!I the @rd Infantry Di-
vision in Italy from the crossing
Of tne Sa nr.iD River TO Casino.
In April 1914 lie joined the 4th
infantry Division in England and
in June 1914 participated in the
assault landings in Normandy He
served as Executive OFFICER of the
18th US Infantry and upon the ter
mination of the war in Europe, he
became Regimental Commander OF
the 18th Infantry Division and
served in that capacity until jan
uary 1916.
Since World War III his assign
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08
VALENTINO MEMORIAL

NORTH HOLLYWOOD, Calf. -
(R)-A church dedicated to the
memory of the late Rudolph Valen-
tino has been opened here.
The opening service of the "Val-
entino Memorial Church of Psy-
chic Fellowship" was conducted on
a recent Sunday evening. The pro-
gram included piano selections
from music used with Valentines
last movie, 'The Son of the Shiek."
The pastor, Rev. Carol E. Nc
Kinstry. said all fans and friends
of the late Valentino, as Wen as
spiritualists, are invited to attend
the church.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

Koh, on 10 December 1856, for SER
vices rendered the Special City of
Seoul and the Republic of Korea.
He was also given key to the
Special City of Seoul.
Colonel Golden is married and
with his wife. Jeanette, and four
children, will locate his home in
Wilmin gfnn
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08
SHORT ON TOURISTS

CAIRO = up = There is no
tourist season this year because of
the tripartite aggression against
Egypt. All foreigners hesitate to
visit the country because of pres
ent unstable cob 9itions," declared
Rashad Morad, general manager of
the Tourist Department.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08
New Military Head
For Delaware Dist.
Colonel j. T.. Golden WIN BE In
Permanent Charge Oh Area


The assignment this week Of
Colonel Joe h. Golden, as Chief,
US Army Military District, Del
aware, has been announced by Col
Onel Carl +. Chirico, District SEN
iOr Army Advisor, who has been
acting chief since July 1856.
Colonel Golden, a native of Fair
field, Illinois, was appointed 10 the
United States Military Academy,
at West Point, n. Y, in 1928 and
graduated from there as an in
fantry second lieutenant in 1882.
Early in World War ii he served
i'm the Office of the Assistant Chief
of Staff, G-2, Alaska Defense Com
mand. In July 1912, he was trans
ferred to Operations Division of
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

The man who plays too much is
about as sensible as the man who
works too much.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

Democracy becomes a failure
when it does not have the unbias-
ed support of its people.
Milford chronicle., 1957-03-08

1t doesn't seem possible, but
spring practice in the Major
League camps will soon get under
way, before the end of this month";
Evening star., 1957-12-06
Langley Park, ma, ta s:3s p..,s.

come see OMr tcimGeF carmiUaI
the seOsC people are harimg such fam!
They're riding on ferris wheels, whinine on merD-oo-
rounds, flying through the or boating through the
tunnel of ovel And all goes on to the eoyest of music
in upper 7th street window!
Evening star., 1957-12-06
plaid and mOceIty shirts
piissraIe corduroy
sport shirts

Solid color vot dyed sport shirts ~
with long sleeves. Worm and
washable. Sizes s to Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23
Cadet at Stuunton
Shot Accidentally

STAUNTON. Va, Mar. % up.
A 13-year-old freshman cadet
at Augusta Military Academy
was killed today when a %
.caliber target rifle accidentally
discharged in the hands of
another cadet.
Academy officials identified
the victim as John L. Gregson,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. John G..
Gregson of Route 4. Richmond,
DR.. w. G.. Painter, medical
examiner, ruled the death acci-
dental.
Col. Charles S. Roller. jr.,
principal. said the accident oc-
Cured in the room of Cadet
jerome l.. Griffin. He ,said
Griffin had taken the weapon
from the armory to use OH a
vacation.
Gregson was in Oifiin's room
when Marion Ginbergia. "a. of
Caracas. Venezuela. picked up
the rifle. Roller said he acci-
Identally pulled the trigger and
a charge hit GregSon in the
chest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23
Couple Uses Hoax
To Hold Burglar
Suspect for Police

A suspected housebreaker was
captured in a second-Story bed
room early today because he was
fooled into thinking the land
lord had a gun.
Police identified the suspect as
Willie Richardson. "a, of the 400
block of Eleventh street NE.
They said that he climbed a
fence about . am. and pulled
himself into a second-story VIM
dow at 638 c street NV.
The landlady. Mrs. Sophia
Young, Sc. heard a noise, went to
the bedroom and saw the open
window, according to 1t. Nunzio
Bonaccorsy.
Shoot him." Mrs. Young cried
to her husband, who had fol-
lowed her into the room. Mr..
Young snapped on the light and
damned one hand in his coat
pocket as If he had a gun. The
intruder stood motionless.
Apparently convinced he was
being held at gunpoint, he waited
quietly while Mrs. Young tele-
phoned police, who came and ar
rested him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23

American life by Alexander
Kazem-bek. Mr.. Kazem- bek
previously has been identified
as a former White Russian guard
who returned recently to Russia
after living Is years in the
United States and teaching al
Connecticut colleges.
Mr.. Ehrenburg said 1t was not
necessary TO cross the Atlantic
TO check the accuracy of Kazem-
bek's statement that the United
States never really created its
own national culture"
1T is enough just to go to
the bookshelves,' Mr.. Ehrenburg
wrote.
He listed Walt Whitman. Mark
Twain and Jack London as
among the great American
writers of the past.
During this century. he con-
tinued. Theodore Dresser, Sim
clair Lewis. William Faulkner
Ernest Hemingway. John Stein
beck and Erskine Caldwell dis
closed for us the soul OF the
American people"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23
Soviet Writer Goes to Bat
To Defend u. S. Culture

MOSCOW, Mar. % tP).-Ilys
Ehrenburg, one OF the Soviet
Unions top writer's. came out
today in a surprisingly warm de-
Tense Of American culture.
Mr.. Ehrenburg assailed the
often-heard claim in the Com
'munist world that the United
States has failed TO make orig
inal contributions to the arts and
sciences.
In a letter to the Literary
Gazette Mr.. Ehrenburg declared
that to smear American culture
or the cultural contributions OF
any country runs counter TO Rus.
san educational aims. He said
it also does no service to Soviet
foreign policy and to the deep
love of peace of our people,"
"One should not impinge upo-
the great values OF which every
people are justly proud" the
letter said.
Mr.. Ehrenburg also assailec
the Literary Gazette, the organ
OF Soviet writer's, for PUBLISHING
"a highly critical account Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23

suggested originally that some
Organization Of users of the
canal consult with Egypt on how
tolls shall be paid, how the wa
terway shall be maintained anc
improved, and other problems
Mr.. NaSser is said TO have agreed
in principle, but there is still nc
meeting of minds on exactly who
are the users.
Mr.. NaSser has insisted that
full payment of canal tolls must
be made TO Egypt. but has indi-
Gated he might agree to set aside
a specific fund for maintenance
Ponder Big 2 Effect
Diplomatic observers here were
wondering what may be the
effect on the negotiations here
of yesterdays announcement al
the Big Two meeting in Ber-
muda that the United States is
willing to join the Baghdad
Pact's Military Committee.
The pact is anathema to some
Arab states. particularly Egypt
and Syria.
They object primarily to the
fact that it links an Arab state
Iraq, in an alliance with -four
countries outside the Arab
League: Britain. Turkey. Iran
and Paklstan.
The news from Bermuda has
delighted the pact members Eat
is likely to disappoint some
otherwise pro-American Arab
states. 1t may even affect the
implementation of the Eisen-
hover Doctrine to halt Commu-
mist penetration of the Middle
East,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-23

that Beck repaid 100000 to the
union in August 1854, and $780,
900 i'll recent months.
Mr.. Kennedy said the commit
tee knows where Beck obtained
the money for the repayment
and added:
I'VE will 60 into that"
During the 1948-1952 period,
Beck was president of the West
ern Conference and Brewster
was secretary treasurer. Brew
ster said that his and Becks sig
natures were required on West
ern Conference checks, and that
he frequently signed checks in
blank.
Opposed TO Loans
In disclaiming any knowledge
of the loans to Beck, Brewster
said he was opposed to interest
free loans by the union to its
officers without security.
Mr.. Kennedy said his investi-
gators had talked with some of
the 30-odd members of the West
ern Conferences Policy Commit
tee, and added:
I'VE haven't found anybody
who knew this money was being
borrowed from the union"
Mr.. Kennedy said he expects
Beck will be questioned about the
S270. 900 when he appears before
the committee Tuesday in an
swer to Committee Chairman
Continued on Page AS. Col.