davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09

FfeStocHtS "Ntpe CUHgctc"Co
I. The first serious discussion
Of an earth satellite as a scien-
ti1c experiment to be incor-
porated in the program for the
international Geophysical Year
took place at q meeting Of the
international Council Of Sclen-
tific Unions in Rome IN October.
1854. At this meeting. at which
Soviet scientists were present.
a-resolution was adopted by the
scientists Of the world recon-
mending thats''in view Of the
advanced state Of present rocket
techniques :. thought be given
10 the launching Of small sat-
elite vehicles /. !"
?. Following this interna-
tional council meeting. the
United States National Com
mittee for international Geo.
physical Year. working under
the sponsorship Of the National
Academy Of Sciences, recon-
mended that the United States
institute q scientific satellite
program. 1t was determined BY
the administration that this
program would be carried out
Is part Of the United States
contribution to the Interna-
tional Geophysical Year.
Project Vanguard
Responsibility within the
Government for scientific as
poets Of the program was as
signed to the National Science
Foundation, working in close
cooperation with the United
States National Committee for
the international GeophySical
Year. The Department Of De-
tense was made responsible for
supplying the rocketry needed
to place q satellite in orbit
without interfering with the
top priority ballistic missile
program. In line with the
recommendations Of a group of
United States scientists ad-
vising the Department Of De-
tense. the satellite project was
assigned to the Naval Research
Laboratory as Project Van
guard.
3. On July 20. 1855, at a
White House press conference.
participated in by representa-
tives Of the National Science
Foundation and the National
Academy Of Sciences, it was
announced that plans ARE go
ing forward for the launching
Of small, unnamed earth
circling satellites as part Of
the United States participation
In the international Geo.
physical Year, which takes
place between July. 1857 and
December, 1883"
At this press conference II
was specifically stated that the
data which viii be collected
from this program win be
made available to al scientists
throughout the world. The
National Science Foundation.
it was also announced. would
work with the United States
National Committee for the
international Geophysical Year
to formulate plans for the satel-
lite and its Instrumentation as
well IS plans for the prepara-
ton and deployment of the
ground observer equipment re-
quired for the program.
Z. In May Of 1857. those
charged with the United States
satellite program determined
that small satellite spheres
would be launched as test
vehicles during 1857 to check
the rocketry. instrumental
ton and ground stations and
that the first fully instru-
mented satellite vehicle would
be launched in March Of 1858.
The first Of these test vehicles
is planned to be launched in
December Of this year.
AS to the Soviet satellite. we
congratulate Soviet scientists
upon putting Q satellite into
orbit.
Goal Il Aid 70 Science
The United States satellite
program has been designed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
Supreme Court to Rule
On State Wiretoppinq

Inc Supreme Court has agreed TO rule whether wretapped
evidence obtained by State officers authority OF State
law may be admitted in Federal court trials
The United States Circuit Court in New York held such
evidence TO be valid even though 1t obtained in violation
the Federal ban overlapping
The Circuit Court decision appealed by Salvatore
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09

Wash, D. c., Oct. g.
Economy starts at
home" is the firm con-
viction of the YMS new
Economy Shop manager.
"YMS customers, both
in business and govern
ment, are helping US
prove that quality and
economy can walk arm
in arm"
"Our new shop was created
for men on modest incomes
who want a respected label
in their clothes"
This daring experiment
provides the best quality
apparel every day In the
year, at the lowest prices
possible anywhere.
MEMS ALL WOOL
SUITS, fine flannel fab
RIGS 34.O0
ALL-WOOL WORSTED
SUITS AND TOPCOATS
in latest fashions and
cOlOrS --.-- 1898
2-TROUSER SUITS. all
wool, tailored to YMS
specifications 1880
ALL-WOOL SPORT.
COATS, tweeds in pOpu-
lar cOlOrS, fashion mod
els 24.O9
ALL WOOL STACKS,
in flannelS and sheen
gabardine --
1893
All regular YMS services
and policies prevail. such
as Open til 9 Thursday
evenings. Charge Accounts
and Park g. Shop Courtesy.
. One HI, PARK 4 shop Courtsss
~ y 81, NV, store with min.
mum ~ purchase.
Y.M.S. Economy Shop
Downstairs, 1919 r ST. NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
TEXT or STATEMENT
President Outlines
u. S. Satellite Drive

Following Is the teri OF prepared statement by Pres
dent EiseNhoper earth satellites distributed at the
Presidents neps conference today:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09

Famous Make SuitS-Imported flannel
and domestic all-wool suits, plus group
OF blue unfinished worSted suits.
Famous Make TopcOats-W World renowned
Harris TweedS, single-breasted raglan
shoulder in solids, clearinghouse. dag
onalS houndStooth checks and patterned
effects. Regulars, shorts, longs-at all
StoreSl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Contempt Move Slated
In Arlington Pupil Case

to be imposed on the students,
and therefore that the county
had violated the desegregation
injunction by requiring COM
pliance with the placement
law.
Punishment Not Specific
A. Andrew Giangreco, assist
ant United States Attorney at
Alexandria. said there was no
definite penalty for contempt
action in an injunction case.
He said punishment was at the
discretion Of the court, and
could involve a fine or even
jail terms If the court saw At.
He said he intended TO cite
opinions in the Norfolk and
Newport News desegregatiofi
cases. where the placement law
was held unconstitutional on
its face" by Judge Walter Hoff :
man and subsequently called
an Inadequate" administra-
tive remedy by the 4th Circuit
Court Of Appeals. The appellate
courts opinion is being APP
pealed by the State to the SUI
preme Court.
Arlington Schools Supt. T.
Edward Rutter said at q press
conference yesterday he did
not consider county school Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Hodges Proud
OF Indignation

RALEIGH, N. c.. Sept. 6 Up,
Gov. Luther H. Hodges told
newsmen yesterday he was
proud" Of the way North Car
olina was handling its school
integration problems.
He referred to the integra-
ton Of ii colored children into
previously all-white schools al
Charlotte, Greensboro and
winston Salem. The limited
indignation was accomplished
without major incidents.
Gov. Hodges was asked II he
felt Vice President Nixon was
trying ito force" Indignation
upon the South. The Governor
replied he felt Mr.. Nixon had
been playing politics" with
civil rights, but added, "As
much as ! dislike Mr.. Nixon.
don't think he has been trying
to force indignation upon u.s."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Mann's Status Cited
NEGRO PAPER HITS
AWFUL FAUBUS,
RUES HIS ELECTION

LITTLE ROCK. Ark.
Sept. 6 (R.-A Negro pub
lication today denounced
Gov. Orval Faubus as
"Awful" Faubus and decried
the support given the Gov
ernor by Negroes in the
1854 election.
In a front-page editorial,
the Arkansas State Press
said. in part:
1T is unfortunate that
Negroes put Faubus in Of
nee in 1954's election. But
q lot has happened since
then. and 1t is believed that
the Negro will be more
careful In selling his vote
In the future.
1T is time for the Negro
mass to do its own think
ing and stop being misled
by professional exploiters.
The day Of vote selling has
passed"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Little Rock Lived in Amity
Until Forced Integrution Hit

LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Sept. 6
(R.-Violence is practically q
stranger to this quiet city Of
10000. where almost every
racial barrier has been broken
in the past few years.
White persons and Negroes
ride side by side on buses and
trains. They have done so
since last summer. when Jim
Crow signs were taken down
with little commotion.
Both races mix in amuse-
ment and recreation areas.
They sat together during the
past seasons performances of
the Little Rock Philharmonic
Orchestra.
One Of the few reminders Of
separation by State law are
drinking fountains in some
downtown stores. but they are
becoming obsolete.
Sometimes a white person
drinks from the wrong" foun-
tain, discovers his mistake and
ambles away with a sheepish
grin.
But the color line is drawn
in schools, in restaurants and
on the lower floors Of movie
theaters.
migration Brought Strife
It is the attempt to erase in
tegration in public schools that
has touched on excitement in a
city that does not even have
teen-age gangs worthy Of police
attention.
Armed National Guardsmen
surround the huge 2,000-pupil
Central High School. blocking
attempts to carry out integra-
ton ordered by q Federal court.
Gov. Faubus, who modified
the troops Monday night. says
he is averting violence. Mayor
Woodrow Mann. who says he
knows Little Rock better than
the hill-bred Faubus. says the
mobilization is q hoax with
political implications.
Both men are Democrats.
They are not political enemies.
Their clashing views are there
fore confusing to outsiders.
The schism is deeper than a
difference Of opinion between
two politicians. Little Rock
itself is in the center Of q State
which is broadly divided geo.
graphically between western
hills and eastern lowlands.
No bar TO Negro Voting
The city has enough Negroes
TO create a sociological prob
lem"--far more than the
mountain areas and far fewer
than the delta section.
Negroes constitute about 20
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06

A move to hold the Arling-
ton County School Board In
contempt of court for turning
eight Negro students away from
white schools was expected in
Alexandra Federal Court to-
day.
Edwin c. Brown, jr., Northern
Virginia legal representative
for the National Association for
the Advancement Of Colored
People, said he intended to ask
Judge Albert v. Bryan to issue
q show cause order for a con-
tempt hearing against the
school board.
An Injunction was issued by
Judge Bryan on July 81, 1856.
forbidding the Arlington school
board to deny students admis-
sion to classes because Of race.
That injunction. which was up
held by the Supreme Court last
March. became effective with
the opening Of school yesterday,
when the eight Negro students
were denied admission to the
white schools.
Assignment Required
Arlington school officials took
the position the Negroes could
not be admitted to the white
schools because they had not
been assigned there by the
State Pupil Placement Board
The placement law is part OF
the legislative program Vir-
gipia adopted to preserve seq
regated schools. Under the
placement law, all assignment
powers are vested in the three
member placement board.
There is no mention Of race
among the assignment stand
ards set forth in the place.
ment law, but other legis-
lation provides for the clos
ing Of any schools where
indignation occurs and tn e
Withholding Of state funds
from school systems where
races are mixed.
Mr.. Brown said he would
contend that the placement
law was not Q proper procedure
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Albania Travel
-
Ban May Ease
By the Associated Press

The United States is con-
sidering an easing of an IL
year ban on travel by Amer
leans to Communist Albania,
site Of naval bases for Russian
warships.
The State Department is re-
ported weighing this move as
a follow-up to its surprise ac-
ton yesterday ending a seven
year embargo on all American
visits to Bulgaria, another Rus
sian satellite.
Top ofhcials gave no explana-
ton for easing the ban on
travel to Bulgaria. but it APP
peared to foreshadow eventual
renewal Of United States dip
lomatic relations with that
Communist state.
Tiny Albania has been out
Of bounds for Americans since
the end Of World War II. MAIN
ly because the Red government
there has shown no signs Of
wanting normal relations with
the United States.
Within the past few weeks
however, the Prime Ministers
of both Bulgaria and Albania
have told American reporters
they want to restore full diplo-
matte contact with the United
States. The reporters visited
the Red countries without OBJ
tanning prior State Department
approval.
Diplomatic officials who IA
vor allowing limited American
travel to Albania are known To
believe 1t would give Americans
some first-hand information on
Soviet activities.
Russian submarines. cruisers
and destroyers are known to be
using the Albanian port OF
Durazzo and the island Of Sa-
seno as bases for increased
naval operations in the Medi-
terranean.
Restoring Of diplomatic re-
lations would give American Of
ficials listening posts within
Bulgaria and Albania. similar
to those in other Red-ruled
lands.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
10 Presbyterions
Condemn Fuubus

HUNTSVILLE. Ark, Sept. 6
R.-Ten Presbyterian minis
tiers. meeting yesterday in this
home town Of Gov. Orval Fau-
bus. said they "deplored" the
Governors summoning Of Ma
tional Guard troops to surround
Central High School and pre-
vent indignation.
A telegram to Gov. Faubus
said:
Your recent conduct under
mines the integrity Of the con-
stitutional process and creates
confusion and strife"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06

NEW YORK. Sept. 6 R.-
The Animal Insurance Co. Of
America says noseprints will
be required of pedigreed dogs
accepted for life insurance.
Milton M. Weiss. the company's
president. said a dogs nose
print is as infallible for identi-
fication purposes as q human
beings fingerprint.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06

mark Wednesday night that the
Governors reports Of impending
violence were q hoax" Gov
Faubus said:
"As to Mayor Woodrow
Mann's statement in reference
to my action to preserve the
peace, ! am just as disappointed
with him as were the people
Of Little Rock when they re-
pudiated him in a recent cleo
ton by a vote Of more than
3 to l.
He is running true to form
by popping on without know
ing the facts"
Little Rock voters last year
approved q change from the
mayor-council system to the
city manager form Of govern
ment despite Mr.. Mann's OPP
position. The mayor viii be
out Of a job when the switch
is made late this year.
support From All Over U. S.
Gov. Faubus also said last
night that I'VE have the sup
port Of millions Of citizens in
other States" He said UNI
counted thousands of letters,
telephone calls and kilograms
had come from sthree-fourths
of the States Of the Union"
and that many offer assist
ance in any way that we have
need"
The Associated Press re-
ported. meanwhile. praise and
condemnation Of Gov. Faubus
for his handling of the integra-
ton issue came from public
officials outside Arkansas. Most
Of the compliments were by
Southerners. including Gov.
George Bell Zimmerman, jr.,
of South Carolina, former
South Carolina Gov. James F.
Byrnes and Senator Russell.
Democrat of Georgia.
Among the critics was United
States Interior Secretary Fred
A. Seaton. in Hawaii on an in
spection trip. who termed the
Little Rock situation disgust
ing and objectionable"
NAACP Askes Counter Action
Roy wilkins. executive Sec
Rotary Of the National Associa-
ton for the Advancement Of
Colored People. telegraphed
President Eisenhower asking
him to take fortnight steps
to preserve the authority Of
your National Government In
the Little Rock and any other
similar situations.
Mr.. wilkins said that in
stead of Federal troops being
used in the South as pictured
in the horror speech Of Senator
Richard B. Russell Of Georgia
on July 2, State troops are de-
flying the Government Of their
country"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06

ficiais In contempt Of court,
and declared that as far as
he was concerned Virginia's
placement law was still oper-
alive.
Scores Of Negro pupils
probably more than 75-were
turned away from Richmond
public schools yesterday be-
cause their parents refused to
sign pupil placement forms.
About 30 Of them were still
out today. Parents of others
signed the placement forms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06

per cent Of Little Rocks popu-
lation and possibly a slightly
higher average in North Little
Rock. a separate city Of about
$4,000 across the Arkansas
River.
Like all Negroes in a State
which belongs half to the Mid
die South and half to the
Southwest. they vote without
hindrance.
Where legal segregation ex-
lists. as in schools. Negro facili-
ties generally are inferior to
those for white children.
There seems little doubt that
most literate Negroes here want
indignation. though some lead
ers urge caution and modera-
ton.
It is no less doubtful that
the vast majority Of white per.
sons resent the steady inroad'
and demands Of equality on the
part of the Negroes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-06
Little Rock Petitions
For lntegrotion Delay
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
which was present yesterday,
the group assembled across the
street from the high school to-
day was both small and orderly.
Aside from students who milled
around waiting for classes to
begin, 1t was estimated that
only about $50 persons were on
hand. About so OF these were
news media representatives.
When the Negro students
failed to show up. the day was
conceded TO have gone by de-
fault to Arkansas Gov. Orval
E, Faubus. who stationed his
troops around the school Mon
hy night, His first explanation
Of his action was q desire to
prevent disorder. Later, it was
made clear that his purpose
was to prevent the admittance
OF Negroes to the school.
While charges Of bad faith
and ''interposition" reverbe-
rated across the Arkansas cap
ital. attention focused on Judge
Davies and what he would do
when ruling on the School
Board petition. The jurist, who
arrived here August 26 on spe-
cial assignment from his ma
tive North Dakota, is viewed
by many Arkansans with open
suspicion as q Yankee" an
interloper,. q Johnny-come-
lately.
To many. observers, it APP
peared that the School Board,
however politely. was attempt
ing in its petition to give the
judge q more or less friendly
piece Of advice about condi-
tons in an area unfamiliar to
him. Whatever the purpose
behind the boards petition
and the possibility of pressure
from the Governors mansion
could not be entirely discounted
1.-The plea placed Judge Davies
squarely on the horns Of q
dilemma.
Horn No. ! was that. If he
acceded 70 the boards petition,
he would run the risk Of shak-
ing public faith in the firmness
and implacability of Federal
justice.
Horn No. 2, on the other
hand. was that If he rejected
the boards plea and reafIirmed
his ruling that migration
should be accomplished forth
with. he would be confronted
with the problem Of making his
ruling stick-in the face Of Gov.
Faubus' use Of troops.
Possible Solution
A possible solution to Judge
Davies problem, it appeared,
might lie in President Eisen-
hower's reply late yesterday to
q telegram the night before
from Gov. Faubus. The Gov
ernor's message, thinly yelled
In the language Of internal di-
plomacy. was that he would not
permit Federal power to usurp
what he regarded as the powers
Of the State of Arkansas.
To this. Mr.. Eisenhower re-
piled CURLY that the Federal
Constitution. will be upheld by
me by every legal means at my
command" At Newport. r. l.,
Mr.. Eisenhower did not elabor-
ate on what he might consider
illegal" means.
Gov. Faubus has not been
seen since he held a news con-
ference Wednesday morning
and an aide said last night that
his whereabouts were unknown.
But the same aide released q
statement from the Governor
which said he was getting al
most unanimous support from
every section of Arkansas.
Mann's Status Cited
In the statement, Gov. Faubus
ignored the petition Of the
school board for a postpone
ment, but struck back at Little
Rock Mayor Woodrow Mann,
who had bitterly criticized the
Governor.
Referring to Mr.. Mann's re-
p
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1957-03-22

higher wages If the profit is
high. In sense, the union.
therefore, really bargains
about the division of the prof.
its, And bargaining over, prof
its, If ineligible, as one econ
omist points out, naturally leads
TO a concern about such man.
agerial areas as methods of
raising capital. the size OF divi.
dends, amounts sci aside for
reserves and the purposes for
which set aside, provisions for.
depreciation and amortization,
and other accounting policies.
For decisions in these areas
will determine The profits avail.
able Tor bargaining.
As leading union official
has said. under a profit-shaf.
Inc scheme the workers must
see the monthly statement OF
profits and have voice in de-
Gliding on unusual expendi.
tures which will tend to reduce
profits temporarily in the ex-
nectation of increasing them at
a later period And one in
dependent union in the utility
field made the demad in nego.
tiations that dividends to cor.
porate stockholders be limited,
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1957-03-22
Now Is The Testing Time

Lent is passing, and Sundays liturgy reminds
us that its effects f we are earnestly observing
in spirit of penance and prayer, should now be
noticeable in our lives To test our progress we
might well examine orr response to the Scrip
tural selections the Church proposes for our in
spiration; can we truly say, for instance, in the
Psalmists words at the beginning of Sundays
Mass, "My eyes are ever toward the Lord for
He shall pluck my feet out of the snare?" And
have we come to realize, as the 0ffertory de-
clares that "The justices of the Lord are right,
rejoicing hearts?" These are hints of the sound
ness of outlook, the confidence we should have
acquired by keeping close TO the teachings of the
Church in this holy season
ST. Paul's exhortation, in Sundays Epistle,
should have deep meaning for us by this time.
Brethren he says, 'be imitators of God as very
dear children, and walk in love, as Christ also
loved us and delivered Himself up for us an Of
fering and sacrifice to God" 1t is for the com
memoration of this sacrifice that We are now
preparing-the Sacrifice on the Cross that
opened mans way to salvation-and after med
itating upon that incompatible act of divine
love and mercy how is it possible that we should
yield to evil temptations and desires? We should,
by now, be complying with Paul's admonition to
walk, then, children, of light for the fruit Of
the light is in all goodness and justice and truth"
AS part of the lessons of Lent we are told
in the Gospel how Jesus restored speech to
man who had been dumb. by driving out of him