davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Rebuke to Moscow

There was a many-sided rebuke to
the Soviet government In the American
note to Moscow on Middle East affairs.
Specifically, the message rejected the
Soviet suggestion for four-po decla-
ration condemning the use of force In
settling Middle East disputes. Such a
declaration. the note said bluntly, is I'M
necessary for two reasons-f1rst, that our
own opposition to force is we'll known and
basic in American foreign policy and,
second, that the principle is embodied in
the Charter Of the United Nations TO
which the four powers Omitted States,
Britain, France and Soviet Russia) al
ready are committed. Instead of further
repetitious words, the message added,
there should be loyal augmentation
Of this charter obligation.
Beyond the curt rejection of the
Soviet proposal, however, there were ad-
ditional Implications One was that the
three Western powers are not accepting
the idea that the Soviet Union should be
recognized as "coguardian" OF the
Middle EaSt-a role that Moscow has
aspired to for generations. second,
contained In the reference to loyal i'm
fermentation" OF United Nations prin-
cipleS, was that the Soviet Union has been
working against peace rather than for II
In its recent maneuverings in the area.
The charge has been made openly and
by Arab sources rather than Western,
that Communist agents In Damascus not
only have exerted material influence over
the Syrian government but have engaged
(unsuccessfully) In political subversion In
neighboring Jordan and Lebanon.
In addition, our note went beyond
the limits Of the Middle East in scoring
Soviet policy Referring to Moscows ex-
pressed concern about areas in CLOSE
proximity" to Soviet territory, the Amer
lean message recalled the campaign "of
threat and intimidation directed re-
Gently at other countries close to Russia
presumably the European members OF
NATO that have been warned Of dire
consequences II they continue full CO.
operation with that defensive alliance.
II is unlikely that notes, however
blunt, will prompt Moscow to abandon
either its threatful clustering or It's pres
sure upon free nations through attempted
subversion At the same time, there is
value-particularly In the effect upon
smaller nations directly threatened by
Soviet behavior-in having the major
Western powers answer Moscow forth
rightly placH1g the blame for troupI
making wheSe II belongs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Germony's Stand

German Foreign Minister
Won Brentano recently stated
that in the view Of his gov
eminent and its allies. any
disarmament agreement is in
dissolubly linked with a solu-
ton Of the German problems.
Why does Germany demand
that disarmament. If APP
preached through demili-
tarized zones in Central
Europe, be linked with reuni-
fication? For fear of becoming
"a power vacuum? Surely
she must know that If we
would fight for Formosa or the
Middle East. we would also
fight TO defend Germany from
Communist aggression
Does her demand mean that
the armament race. with its
incredible costs and dangers.
is to be- prolonged until Mos
COW comedies free elections
and thus abandons commu-
nism in East Germany
Isn't there a better solution
-reciprocally beneficial arms
agreement FIRST. including de-
militarized zones, leading TO
a lessening Of tension and a
climate conducive 10 reG4 n-
cation by the only way sos
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
THE POLITICAL MILL
By GOULD LINCOLN
Time for Decision on Civil Riqhts Bill

Republicans and Democrats
both are confronted with the
need to fish or cut bait on
President Eisenhower's civil
rights bill. The measure is
taking its first big hurdle in
the House toward final enact
ment into law. Victory in the
House has long been expected.
The Senate, where the South
ern Democrats have success
fully filibustered to death all
civil rights measures from the
days Of the old force" bill.
is a different proposition.
However, even should the Sen
ate Southern Democrats sue
coed in preventing a vote on
the bill at the present session.
proponents of the measure will
be in a strategic position to
force the measures considera-
ton early in the session open
ing next January.
Both major parties have
problems in this tussle. The
G. o. P. is making a drive
for increased party strength
in the South. 1t has just I'M
dertaken to set up an organi-
cation to carry the fight into
the Southern States, with l.
Lee Potter of Virginia as as
sistant for Southern organi-
zation. Republican National
Chairman Meade Alcorn has
told President Eisenhower that
his goal is a Republican candi-
date in every congressional
district in the South. If the
Republicans are shown voting
strongly for the pending civil
rights bill, their hoped-for
gains in the South-particu-
larry the deep South = are
likely to go up in smoke.
The Democrats, on the other
hand, are seeking to hold onto
the important Negro vote in
the States and districts of the
North and West-a vote which
has been strongly Democratic
since the days of the Franklin
D. Roosevelt administration.
Negroes Wait and See
What the Negro voters
themselves are doing amounts
to a wait and : see period.
President Eisenhower in 1856
cut pretty strongly into the
Negro vote in congressional
districts where that vote is
heavy. However. this increased
Republican vote among the
Negroes did not extend materi-
ally to Republican candidates
for Congress. The Negro voters
shifted from their traditional
Republican support TO the
Democratic side during the
days of the big depression and
President Franklin Roosevelt.
They did so because the
Roosevelt administration and
the Democratic Congress gave
them material aid. They have
stuck to Democratic candidates
for President and Congress for
economic reasons, believing
they got a better break How
ever, in the iast four years
they have been doing mighty
we'll economically under the
Eisenhower d m in istration.
Further, the Supreme Court
has declared segregated pub
lie schools unlawful during
the Eisenhower administration
and the President himself has
taken every step he could in
the Government service 10
give the Negroes a better
break.
The weapon which Southern
Democrats have seized upon
to defeat effective civil rights
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Street improvement

As a comparatively new resi-
dent Of Montgomery County
I was astounded to learn re-
Gently of the county's method
Of raising revenue to improve
its roads. My unfortunate
neighbors have property 'front.'
ing ON Thayer avenue. which
the county plans to widen and
grade and add much-needed
sidewalks This will decrease
the value of their property
since a great deal of traffic
will be diverted from Piney
Branch road to their relatively
quiet street. But time marches
on and this road will undoubt-
edly be an improvement to the
community.
The appalling fact is that my
neiehbors are expected to pay
for part Of the grading and
the widening Of the road as
we'll as the Sidewalksl The
county is asking them to pay
from $500 to $4,000. depending
on their frontage. or course
they will fight the road i'm
provement. Who wouldn't?
Why should these people pay
for a street that benefits every
one but them? The county
should. OF course. pay entirely
for the road and the sidewalks
II this means increased county
taxes for valid Improvements.
I don't see how we. as respon-
sible citizens, can avoid them
by placing such a heavy imam
cial burden on our neighlAlrs.
Barbara DeVito Pisclces..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15

legislation in this particular
case is the so-called jury trial
amendment to the Eisenhower
bill. 1t failed in the House,
with the modern Republicans
and the liberal Democrats
united to beat of the con-
sentative Southern Democrats
and some conservative Repub-
licans. The amendment calls
for a jury trial II and when a
Federal judge issues a re-
straining order prohibiting in
dividuals from engaging in any
practice which would deprive
any other person-in this case
a Negro-of the right to vote.
Purpose Of Amendment
The jury trial amendment
has an appealing sound. If a
Federal judge should declare
any person in contempt Of
court, he would be subject to
trial by jury. taking the mat
ter out of the judges hands.
if this amendment is tied into
the bill. The key provision in
the civil rights bill is designed
to prevent practices in some
of the other States which seem
clearly to bar the Negro citi-
zen from voting. There is
need for some action if the
Negroes are to exercise the
right of franchise guaranteed
them by the Constitution.
In the State of Mississippi.
for example, the population is
about equally divided between
white and colored. According
to the 1850 census. there were
1887, 900 whites and $4,000
colored in Mississippi. yet in
Is counties of the State there
are no registered Negro vot-
ers. Nine counties have fewer
than 10 Negroes registered and
% counties have fewer than
100 Negro voters. In those so
counties there are 426,000
resident Negro citizens. but
only l,074 of them are regis
tered to vote. These are the
figures offered by Representa-
tive Kean of New Jersey. Re-
publican, as an argument in
support of the civil rights bill.
Mr.. Kean goes further and
points out that in Mississippi
a citizen must be a registered
voter to be eligible for jury
duty So. in certain counties,
no Negroes are eligible for
that duty. and none would
serve on juries trying any per-
sons charged with practices
denying them-the Negroes
the opportunity to vote.
1t seems obvious that the
jury trial amendment has one
major purpose, and that is to
make the civil rights bill in
effective. even if enacted into
law. The thought behind it is
that no Jury in one of the
States of the South would
convict anyone charged with
contempt of court for violat-
ing the civil rights law. Attor-
ney General Brownell and
other supporters of the adj
ministration's bill insist. too,
that to call for jury trials in
connection with contempt rul-
ings by a Federal Judge would
disrupt and be harmful to the
whole process of law The adj
ministration has laid great
emphasis on the need for the
effectual enfranchisemMt Of
all potential Negro voters in
the South. believing that it
will provide a long step toward
create equality before the law
and economically for the Ne
groes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

the same stimuli. and when
they are lacking. the cells set
up fuss about it.
Just let a man who shaves
every day try to grow beard.
and here is what happens:
His face begins to itch.
In many cases, his skin will
break out. If he ignores these
protests. the skin finally will
forget about how it is being
abused. but for a few days it
will cry TO high heaven. after
its fashion.
s& -
In communities where GEN.
tennial celebrations are held.
the young men are set to emu
lating pioneers. and one of
their first duties is to grow
boards.
All OF them say, without eX-
ception. that they are glad
when the thing is over, and
they can go back to today. for
it is the itching skin of the
beard-growing process which
is a nuisance.
Men on camping trips and
taking long sea voyages by
themselves often grow boards,
just to prove To themselves
they can do it.
Often it comes out nicely.
making some men take on a
sagacity they never seemed to
have before. But do their wives
like it. when they see them on
the dock?
They do not.
They never do. ii is said.
The shock is too much. so
they finally shave it of, after
n few days, and the house
hold is back on an even keel
again.
Today few authors. who
work in seclusion, and an oc-
casional student. who lives
mostly in isolated classrooms.
go in for the beard.
1t must be confessed they
look rather odd.
They should persevere.
however.
The day will come. as surely
AS the sun sets. that boards
will be in style again.
II may take a hundred
years, If the bombs don't get
us. but 1t is sure, because
human nature is chaneeable.
in hair styles, and not Just
for the ladies. either.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15

A young man with beard
always excites the interest of
an old man smooth shaven.
The latter must ask him
self:
Is that the right way. after
all?
This business Of shaving
every morning. with its cuts
and hicks. and occasional
bleeding after one gets down
town
All these, and some expense.
too
What are they all worth. ex-
cept to fool the world?
The human male. as the
man called him. is a hairy
creature. and he might as well
go that way, were it not for
the ladies. and his job.
The ladies. God bless them,
are to blame.
AT least. that is the popular
opinion. with the lob taking
second place.
The unshaven man today
would never get a raise in
salary. A beard is all right for
the student. but in the bust
ness ranks they want you to
look clean.
In the Civil War days.
things were different.
War. OF course. then or now
is that way.
Sometimes even the gen.
erals do not have time for
the niceties. and there are no
ladies around.
Gen. Grant, for instance.
would be unrecognizable in to-
days pictures without his
beard
What hair those old boys
had. and in general
II seemed usher. thicker,
and certainly was longer
The present vogue OF the
crew cut among young men
has given us a distorted view.
perhaps. of neatness.
Long sideburns are now
held to be juvenile, but in Gen.
Burnsides day 1t was differ
ent.
There was little effort in
the old days to trim the hair.
In all the Brady photos you
will see long locks, growing
down on the neck and partic-
ularly at the sides Of the face.
II is habit. one may suppose.
which makes men shave today.
and this habit is not due to
custom altogether.
1t is the skins demand for
comfort. more than anything
else.
The human skin is a crea-
ture Of habit. in a sense.
Cells. wherever they are.
have an intellicence Of their
own They not only respord
TO stimuli. but they demaI.d
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Propaganda AGENCY

A proposal to set up and
officially designate a govern
mental agency, preferably un-
der the Executive branch. as
a Propaganda Department may
sound preposterouS to some
Americans. but in my opinion
such action is not only war
ranted but vitality necessary.
We have. it is true. agencies
such as the FBI and CHA to
help ferret out Communist in
filtration. but unfortunately
their findings are rarely COM
municated to the public, and
certainly not via newspaper
headlines, radio and TV
scoops" We spend millions
trying to combat communism
abroad through USIA "a euph-
emistlc propaganda agency,
but here at home we are forced
to rely upon a free press which
quite UNDERSTANDABLE sees
more newsworthiness in a
Canadian diplomats suicide
and subsequent strained rela-
tions than in laying before the
American people the dry and
detailed facts which caused
justif1able suspicion by a con-
gressional committee. We are
forced to rely upon free
press which gives a page one
spread TO the dramatic fears
of nuclear fallout rather than
dramatic the relentless alter
natives or call attention to the
record which questions the
dubious political associations
and purposes Of those who
have propounded their theories.
During World War II we had
no hesitation. even in our free
press. to adopt extreme propa-
ganda positions vis-a-vis Ger
many and Japan and TO step
on toes whenever we felt our
selves in danger. now. after
facing ten years Of tension.
crude threats and barbarouS
insults. we clam up for fear Of
offending. We accepted the
very skillful propagandizinG OF
Khrushchev as free spokes-
man In a free society spon-
sored by a free broadcasting
system. when in reality the
symbol of slavery spoke to us as
a captive audience who looked
in vain for a free and effective
rebuttal. One begins to Won
der IL we have one.
What we need is certainly
not an end to our free press.
radio and TV. but rather an
effective governmental agency
TO supplement. but not control
them. and to keep the people
and the nation free. This need
demonstrably cannot be filled
by Presidential, State Depart
ment. Congressional or Acc.
interviews. press conferences
or dry periodic publications
which are never read by more
than small fraction Of the
population. We need propa-
ganda on a mass scale con-
Quoted with dignity by experts
who have been properly
grounded and briefed on the
background, secret and other
wise. of personalities and is
sues constantly raised by our
adversaries. John P. Rodler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15


The Federal Government
spends about $i40 million a
year and hires 12.064 persons
to exploit its foreign aid policy
at home and abroad These
propagandists have a pitch
which goes something like this.
Foreign aid is humanitarian.
insures US against friendleSs-
ness in this cruel world: proves
we aren't isolationists and is
in our national and personal
self-interest Mr.. Eisenhower
calls ii "the waging of peace"
l listened to and read every
word Of the Presidents foreign
aid message TO Congress but
failed to find a sensible ex-
PLANTATION OF how world peace
is promoted by giving military
and economic assistance TO
Communist nations. Nor does
The Stars editorial Reckless
Gamble" May % throw any
light on this question The
President does say that our
assistance enabled the Yugo-
slav leaders TO develop their
own Marxist- Socialist govern
ment Independently of Moscow
Thus We have placed our stamp
OF approval on Titoism. In
the case OF Communist Poland.
Mr. Eisenhower by-passed Con-
gress by taking half OF the
500 million donation from
funds that. under present law.
can be disposed of by the Presi-
dent at his discretion. The
remainder will be obtained by
a blatant circumvention Of the
law the Export Import Bank.
which is forbidden to loan
money to Communist countries.
will advance the balance to
Germany TO buy United States
wheat, on the understanding
that Germany will make the
wheat available TO Communist
Poland.
Our fatuous statesmen have
fallen for the myth that the
governments OF Yugoslavia and
Poland are "a different COM
muniSm" This national Com
munist imposture owes its sue
cess to the atrophy of our will
to win the decisive conflict i'm
posed upon us by the Com
munist determination to con-
quer the world. AS long as
Mr.. Eisenhower continues TO
believe in different" COM
munism and pursues a policy
based on the notion that the
best way of fighting COM
munism is helping 1t, Khru-
shchev, Tito, Mao. Gomulka,
and Kadar have nothing to
worry about. Senator Know
land said Il do not favor tax
ing the American people TO
support Communist economic
and political systems abroad
II Just does not make sense TO
me that the United States and
our free allies would embark on
a program to rescue the Com
muniSt world from its own
shortcomings" One can only
conclude that the Eisen-
howerites arc determined TO
make the peoples of the Com
munist nations so content with
their lot that they will sit
happily on their launches
and patiently "evolute" to free
dom-a Ia Dulles.
Finally, Of even greater i'm
portance than the waging
Of peace is the preservation
OF the fiscal integrity OF the
Federal Government OF the
United States. without which
any peace negotiated by Mr..
Eisenhower will not be worth
the having. o. X.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
CoIIurd Flower

nc eaten colidrds
All my days
Good cause for gtUmo
Hearty praise.
But not unth
This fortunate hour
Had ! observed
A colldrd foUer.
A dainty. small.
Four-petdied bloom
OF golden radiance
To iilume
The Wdu edrth'S humblcst
Plants delight
And satisfy
Our taste and stoht.
Jone Merehont /.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
GHord Case

What right has any citi-
zen Of these United States to
deprive another citizen of any
portion of his constitutional
rights by agreement with a
foreign power? Perhaps it is
we'll that the Girard case has
focused attention on these So
called status of forces" agree
mentS.
We are bombarded by a con-
slant chorus from certain
quarters about making sure
that every person born in this
land has his full rights of
citizenship" meaning that all
doors should be opened at his
beck and call. At the same
time. we hear too little about
making sure that no one signs
away some OF our constitu-
tional rights while our backs
are turned. Every man who
dons the uniform of our
country has the right to be as
sured that our country also
wraps him in its flag where
ever he goes in service
So long as these status of
forces" agreements remain in
force. it is suggested that no
man be asked to waive any
portion OF his constitutional
rights without being fully
acquainted with the condition
under which he is enlisting.
and. Of course. this should be
only done voluntarily. We
have no right to draft men to
serve outside the United States
and thereby lose the protec-
ton OF our judicial system
So let's do away with the
draft. and let those who
volunteer know all the facts
about our foreign legion"
before they sign UP for the
gamble they take when they
leave home base.
Gladyce G. Muse.
II is very strange that the
United states Government
contends Girard should stand
trial in Japan. II this man was
on duty at the time of the "ac-
cident." he was under the
orders and supervision of his
commanding officer Therefore.
any so-called misconduct" or
accident" would come under
the supervision Of the United
States Army. and not the civil
authorities in Japan.
am a World War II and
Korean veteran and think ]
know how some Of the vets
across the Nationa feel about
the Government S decision to
let Japan try Girard.
If this White House order
stands. no CT in his right mind
would enforce orders regarding
guard duty in foreign coun-
try. have stood guard watches
myself, and II I had thought
that the act OF firing at or
towards a civilian Of a foreign
country would place me at the
mercy of their civil courts. l
would have stood watch with
an empty rife.
II is unfortunate that this
international incident should
occur at a time when we are
trying to impress enslaved
countries with the advantages
Of our democratic way of gov
eminent. II we can't protect
our own citizens. how can we
convince these people that we
have the might and power TO
protect them?
Robert &. Mann.
Tyrone, Pa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Pennont Fiqhts?

Major league baseball box scores are
going to need new column for knock
downs" If the 1857 season goes on like
this much longer With the schedule
only one-third played, there have been
bigger and better fights tlrs year than
~ any time within recent i.lemory. Two
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKN SERVICE

Q. Is geopolitics a kind Of in
ternational politics?-F. T.
A. Geopolitics may be de-
fined. broadly, as study Of
nations and peoples in relation
to their geography. and the
effect Of their physical en-
vironment upon their DOMESTIC
and foreign politics y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15

sible short of war-by the
patient. gradual infiltration of
world public opinion into the
self-isolated mentalities of the
Kremlin?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry tUrtters' correct
names and addresses All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-15
FOREIGN Aid Critic

Robert S. Field.