davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
DINVIO IEWNETVNE
Legality of Presidents Troop Use

eral marshal at Little Rock
could have been ordered to
call into service as many
deputies as he wished to en-
force q court order and to
arrest all persons who In
terfered. This has been done
many times before.
The use Of Federal troops
as a posse comitatus" to
enforce judicial process"
not only is illegal without an
act Of Congress authorizing
it. but the Federal Consti-
tuition requires the consent
of the State for Federal in
tervention in cases of do
nestle violence" The only
exceptions are in the event
of a military insurrection or
in wartime when Congress
enacts specific laws for ma
tional defense purposes.
The maintenance of order
against so-called "mobs" is
still the legal responsibility
of the States>and not Of the
Federal Government. Crowds
that gather in the streets as
curiosity seekers are not
necessarily ''mobs." The
mere gathering of citizens
and even the preachment by
Communist sympathizers of a
doctrine advocating the over
throw of government by force
was ruled by the Supreme
Court last spring to be pro-
tected by the First Amend
ment to the Constitution.
Arrests can be made only
when there is an overt act
of violence directly growing
out of the speeches. That's
the law of the land" today
and presumably it also GOV.
ers loyal Americans in the
South.
What will be the legal
basis now for withdrawing
the Federal troops from
Arkansas? Will the Presi-
dent have to entrust the
tasks he says were not per-
formed by the Governor of
Arkansas to the very same
man whose good faith and
efficiency were impugned by
Mr.. Eisenhower in his public
statements last week? It
looks as if Federal troops
may occupy" Arkansas for
quite a while and that an
other legal tangle is in the
offing on how to extricate
the Federal troops from the
present dilemma.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Eisenhower and the Governors

noteworthy that the two
leading figures of the just
concluded Southern Cover
ors conference were from
highly industrialized North
Carolina (Gov. Luther Hod-
ges) and Florida Gov. Lee
roy Collins.
Unquestionably, in their
calls for moderation. these
men had the business COM
n1unities Of their States
behind them. This economic
factor is relatively new in the
picture, and IT. is more i'm
portant than the extremists
who talk of third parties.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Motto Of Arkansas Army Recruiting Station: "Join the
Army-and Little Rock"
Ike picks Minnesota banker for Under Secretary Of
the Treasury. Now what do you suppose banker will do
in joint where they're always fresh out of money?
]. Edgar Hoover says Gov. Faubus of Arkansas told
fasehood. Well now that's little rough All Faubus did
was take the truth-and integrate it with fiction
Nine of Ikes 10 cabinet officers aren't in the phone
book After recent elections they're afraid somebody might
call them up and them to run for President on the
Republican ticket
Soviet Boss Krushchev enterains Mrs Eleanor Roose-
welt at Yalta 1t was triumph for side First Roosevelt
to go to Yalta without real estate brokers' license
Government employees get much sick leave year.
One fellow who takes full advantage calls his sickand
tired" leave.
Democratic Chairman Butler warns Democrats not to
make political capital Of the wants the
party to maintain dgned slencea BELTS anybody attend
ing his own funeral.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30

ership Of Congress which also
would like to detach itself
from the issue. It does not
echo White House optimism
that oil can be poured on the
troubled waters, but it is not
an accident that there has
been a minimum Of congress
sional comment now.
One legislative leader
pointed out that every Su-
preme Court decision day will
be a hazard. The court has
two race cases before It, one
involving the National AsSo-
citation for the Advancement
OF Colored People and the
other. segregationist John
Kasper.
In addition it is expected
to get on appeal this session
a Federal court order to two
Virginia communities to in
tegrate. They are Alexandria
and Arlington. both a stones
throw from the Capital itself.
Virginia is viewed here as
furnishing the real test of the
Southern attitude.
The secret weapon working
for Indignation is business.
The increasing induStrializa-
ton of the South is a major
economic phenomenon of the
times.
Every Southern State,
Arkansas included, is work.
ing overtime to attract new
plants and new enterprises.
These are largely national
In scope and cannot afford,
at least openly, to appear to
cooperate with segregation
lists on any local front.
When the race issue be-
came bad for business" not
just in the big Northern
States but all over the South,
many people felt it was on
the way toward being solved.
1t is bound to be a force
working toward solution,
either openly or in quiet.
In this connection. it is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
President to Stress Low and Order
In PorIeY With Southern Executives
DORIS FLEEsoN

Despite Arkansas, President
Eisenhower does not intend
that the school indignation
struggle shall dominate his
second term or even the
months Immediately ahead.
His aides here are sound
ing the propaganda note:
Law and order. All that the
President did In Little Rock,
they explain. is to restore law
and order. When that is
firmly achieved, it is said that
the troops will leave and the
issue will be restored to the
courts where it belongs.
In substance. this will
be the Presidents story to
the Southern Governors this
week. His plan Is to keep
those discussions general In
tone and he will refuse to
become enmeshed in their
separate problems.
Aides suggest that the Gov
errors must face it: They are
not going to be permitted to
put their difficulties on the
Presidents shoulders in any
way. shape or form.
The Presidents prescrip-
ton will not be wholly unpal-
atable to his guests who were
forced into making the re-
quest for a White House con-
ference by events in Little
Rock.
They hope to make it APP
pear that they were received
warmly and sympathetically
but as one put it: THE less
We hear about Federal action,
the better for U.S."
At the end Of the confer
ence the Governors. of course,
will be talking for home con-
sumption. The President nat
urally will seek to play down
the story nationally and,
above all. internationally.
In the Presidents favor
are several factors. There is
the moderate Southern lead
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
w. E. Ellis Retires
After 80 Years Of
Federal Service

william E. Ellis. construction
division chief of the Washing
ton Engineer District, who su-
pervised installation Of the Nike
system protecting Washington.
has retired after 80 years Of
Federal Government service.
All but three years Of that
service was with the District
office Of the Army Engineer
Corps.
Mr.. Ellis departure was
marked by q letter Of commen-
dalton from Mai. Gen. E. c.
Itschner. Chief Of Army Engi-
neerS. gifts and a dinner at
tended by nearly 200 coworkers.
His Government employment
began here in 1914 with ap-
pointment as a craftsman at
the Navy Yard. Subsequently
he was assigned to the District
Engineers ONCE where he
served as head Of marine OPP
erations. He was responsible
for the design and construction
Of special equipment used in
exterminating water chestnuts
in the Potomac River.
He was named head Of the
construction division seven
years ago. after four years Of
wartime duty in Eangland and
France. In that period Mr..
Ellis was engaged in the dredg-
Ing and rebuilding operations
OF Cherbourg. France. When he
left the service in 1916 he held
the rank Of lieutenant colonel.
Aside from the Nike install
lations. he has been in charge
Of military construction at Fort
DERRICK and Fort Ritchie, Md.
His home is at 4450 Elm
afraot Thaux, Nhaca Ma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
DAVID LAWRENCE

President Essen h o W e RS
telegram to Senator Russell
Of Georgia. chairman Of the
Senate's Armed Services
Committee, explaining why
Federal troops were ordered
into Arkansas is bound to
become q historical docu-
ment. It may bring about a
congressional investigation.
The Presidents motives.
of course, were Of the best
he thought he was doing
the right thing. But there
are many legal and consti-
tutional facts that can be
cited against what his legal
advisers told him to do. Those
facts will rise to plague him
and his administration for a
long time to come.
For there is no provision
of law which authorizes the
President to use the Army
for the purpose he outlined.
In fact. there is a provision
of law which specifically for
bids the President to use
the Army for the reasons
given in his telegram to the
Senator from Georgia.
This law was passed in
1873 and is known as the
Posse Comitatus Act" It
limits and restricts an earlier
law passed in 1871 which
the President cited in his
ofiicial proclamation last
week as Justification for
sending the Federal troops
into Arkansas.
The Posse Com1tatuS Act"
Of 1873 reads as follows:
ut shall not be lawful to
employ any part Of the Army
Of the United States, as q
posse comitatus. or otherwise.
for the purpose Of executing
the laws. except in such cases
and under such circumstances
as such employment Of said
force may be expressly au-
thorized by the Constitution
or by act Of Congress"
There is nothing in the
Constitution which expressly
authorizes" the use of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Snow Mined in July

GLEN HAVEN. Mich.-Last
winters show can be found,
even in July's heat. by digging
4 feet deep in Western Michi-
gan's huge Sleeping Bear Dune,
so great are the insulating
properties Of the sand. The
snow becomes covered by the
perpetual drifting Of the sands,
caused by Lake Michigan winds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Ordering of Army to Little Rock Seen
VioIoting 1873 Posse Comitotus Act

Army to enforce any court
orders. The only law enacted
by Congress which expressly
authorized" the use Of the
Army to enforce civil rights"
was repealed last summer by
Congress.
The President In his tele-
gram to Senator Russell mixes
two things that are separate
the alleged acts of the gov
eminent Of the State Of Ar
kansas seeking to Illustrate
the orders of a Federal Court"
and the alleged failure of the
State Of Arkansas Ito utilize
its police powers to protect
against mobs" those persons
who are peaceably exercising
their right under the Consti-
tuition as defined in such
court orders"
There is no evidence what
soever that the State Of
Arkansas was guilty of frus-
trating any court order after
Judge Davies on Friday. Sep
TENDER 20, issued his decree
enjoining the Governor and
the commanders Of the Ma
tional Guard against any in
reference with the entry OF
the Negro pupils into Central
High School.
There is. moreover. no
evidence that the judicial
process" had broken down or
that. since the previous Fri
day, anybody acting for the
State Of Arkansas had &C.
tually interfered with the
admission Of the Negro pu-
pills to Central High School.
They attended school on
Monday. The confusion on
Monday led the Mayor to
suggest but not order
that the Negro students be
temporarily withdrawn. Pres
ervation Of order is the re-
sponsibility of the local
authorities. Yet the Federal
troops were ordered out the
next morning.
The supposed Justification.
therefore. for the Presidents
use of Federal troops turns
on the issue Of whether the
judicial process" Of the Fed
eral courts had broken down
in Arkansas. But there are
certain powers which the
President himself failed to
exercise first. Thus, the Fed
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18
Honor Members OF
Windermere Choir

Windermere Methodist Church
is bidding hail and farewell to in
coming and outgoing choir mem
bers this week.
At a coffee hour recently, fol-
lowing Sunday morning services,
two soloists who have been with
the church for the past IL years
were honored. Friends bade good
by to David Hershberger, baritone,
and Lawrence Melick, tenor, as
they retired from the chancel
choir.
Succeeding them will be Lawr-
ence Gown, jr., tenor and Edward
Fazah, baritone.
Mr.. Gown is enrolled in the
graduate school in business ad-
ministration at Western Reserve
University. An alumnus of Yale
University, with several years of
army service behind him, he makes
his home with his parents at 12724
Cedar ave., Cleveland Heights.
Currently he is pupil of Will
liam Wheeler.
Mr.. Fazah, who is connected
with the New York Central Rail-
road, is studying voice at the
Opera Workshop. He is unmarried
and resides at 1902 Mentor ave.,
Mentor.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18

Photo by Harry Flynn
Windermere Presbyterian Church
was the scene of the wedding on
Saturday, July 18th, when Rosella
PORTER, 14116 Bardwell ave., be-
came the bride of Stanley B. Tate,
jr., son of Mr.. and Mrs. Stanley
B. Tate, 14708 Wemple rd. Rev.
William E. Towner officiated at
the two o'clock ceremony.
The bride, the daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. Joseph c. Portler of
Gainesville, Pa. wore a street.
length gown of white chiffon and
net over taffeta. Her corsage was
an orchid. Elizabeth Bailey, her
only attendant, wore a street-length
two-piece blue dress, a white hat
and corsage of pink carnations.
James Sterrick attended the
bridegroom.
The wedding reception was held
at the home of the bridegroom s
parents.
The bride attended school in
Gainesville. Mr.. Tate attended
high school in Green, Pa. and Fem
College.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18
Personals

The Rev. Laurence Fl. Hall,
rector Of st. Paul's Church Of
East Cleveland, plans to leave
next Wednesday by plane for
three weeks vacation trip to Eng
land.
This will be his first return
journey to his native land since
1885 and the first visit to his home
town and relatives since he left
the British Isles in 1924. His
itinerary includes stop-overs in
London, Derby, and Barrow-in-
Furness. He flies back to the
states, returning August 18th.
Mr.. Roland D. Patzer, son of
Mrs. Marie Patzer, 1853 Page ave.,
and his wife, Joan Fiocca Patzer,
were presented by the Kent State
University School of Music in a
graduate voice recital of sacred
music this Wednesday evening in
the university auditorium.
Mr.. Patzer is a tenor; his wife,
pianist. They reside in Kent.
Last Friday evening from 500
o'clock It'll midnight the eleventh
grade classes of three girls clubs
of Shaw High School held a Twi-
light Twirl Dance at Ovens Plan
tation. Uniting their efforts for
the non-profit social event were
members of Omega, E.T.D., and
ABS. Music was furnished by the
Five Knights.
In Indianapolis for the wedding
Of her niece last Saturday was Mrs.
Louise Crawford of Page ave.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. M. Evans have
returned from a week in the east
planned primarily Ito attend)
national florists convention.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Vyse have
been entertaining as house guests
at their home, 16305 Nelaview rd.,
their daughter and her family, the
Richard Jungs, and five-month old
Cheryl Lynn, who flew here for a
month, from from their home in
Houston, Texas.
Mr.. Jung, an electrical engineer
with General Electric in Houston,
was here on business trip at Nela
Park. The Jungs recently purchased
a ranch on the outskirts of the
Texas city.
Home at 985 Selwyn rd. after
several weeks of touring the far
west are the Nelson F. Leists.
Their jaunt included stop-overs in
Las Vegas, Los Angeles, San Fran
cisco, and thence on northward to
Portland, Seattle, and finally Lake
Louise and Banff.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18

Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Frantz, 1858
Roxford rd., announce the engage
ment of their daughter, Carol, to
Gerald Johnson, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Everett Johnson, 1876
Hazeldell ave.
A fall wedding is being planned.
PETROL -BalkO
Julia NJ. Balko, daughter of
Mrs. Anna Balko of Heilwood, Pa,
became the bride of Charles D.
Petrol, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Joseph Petrol, Clymer, Pa, in an
impressive double ring ceremony
Saturday, June 22nd at 9 a. m. in
st. John the Baptist Catholic
Church, Heilwood, Pa. Rev. A. C.
Marzhauser officiated.
Mr.. John SutiIa, organist, pre-
sented the traditional wedding
music and also accompanied the
choir when they sang, Mother at
Thy Feet I'm Kneeling."
Given in marriage by her
brother, Mr.. Andrew Balko Of
Baltimore, Nd, the bride was
attired in a full length gown of
white Chantilly lace fashioned
with a Sabrina neckline outlined
with sequins and a fitted bodice
with long lace sleeves. The full
skirt of lace over satin fell grace
fully into a chapel length train.
Her veil of illusion was secured
to a crown of rhinestones and
pearls. She carried bouquet of a
white orchid and carnations with
streamers of lilies-of -the-valley and
ribbon with net.
Helen Canoes of San Lorenzo,
Calf. was maid of honor and wore
a dress of mint green nylon chif-
fon over taffeta with matching
nylon and net head band. She car
ried a bouquet of orchid carna-
tions.
Beatrice Balko and Barbara
Pillar were the attendants and
were attired in identical dresses
of orchid nylon chiffon over
taffeta and carried bouquets of
green carnations.
Albert Petrol, brother of the
groom, was best man. Ushers were
Donald Wade and Louis Macknos.
The brides mother chose for
her daughters wedding a blue
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18
Qeur Clubs

Sunny Monday Club members are
turning picknickers next Monday,
July 22nd, and are leaving by bus
for a day at Squaw Rock in the
Chagrin Reservation, promptly at
10 a. m.
Rain or shine, they are requested
to appear at the East Cleveland
Woman's Club house, 1747 Lake
front ave-, no later than $3.50 with
their picnic baskets.
European Travel Club members,
a group of women who banded to-
gether following a summer to-
gether on the continent, elected
officers last Saturday evening at
their annual dinner meeting.
New president is an East Cleve-
lander, Miss Florence Sidley of
Hover ave. Vice president is Mrs.
Flora Renfrew, and secretary, Miss
Grace Schaufele.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18
MedNhg1- Engagements


ballerina length gown with a blue
hat and veil and a yellow and
white corsage.
Harry Pikovnik attended the
bridegroom.
The couple will make their home
at 1922 Clearaire rd.
The bride attended Villa Angela
Academy and Mr.. Smerdel at
tended Collinwood High.
BOIden- Warner
Announcement of the engage
ment of Loretta c. Bolden, 1906
Second ave. to Harold +. Warner,
1454 Hayden ave-, is made by her
mother, Mrs. Helen Bolden.
They plan an early Autumn we'd
ding.
Eruufz TnhnSo
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18

-FnOUO Dy JOIN hduSek
Mr.. and Mrs. B. Rein, 14517
Strathmore ave-, announce the
marriage of their daughter, Eliza
beth, to Joseph Smerdel, son of
Mrs. Mary Smerdel, 19202 Ar
rowhead ave. The wedding took
place July 18th at the home of
the brides parents, with the re-
ception at the Bridge Tavern.
She chose for her wedding
yellow nylon ballerina length
gown with which she wore a white
hat with veil. Her corsage was
yellow and white roses.
Her only attendant was Shirley
Rein who wore a light blue nylon
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18

lace dress over taffeta and wore
a cofsage Of pink carnations. The
groom's mother also wore a blue
lace dress over taffeta with a
corsage of pink carnations.
Following the ceremony a
breakfast was held for the i'm
mediate family at Dixonville Le-
gion, Dixonville, Pa. At s p. m.
a dinner and reception was held
for approximately 300 guests at
which a five-tiered wedding cake
was cut.
The new Mrs. Petrol is a grad
uate of United High School,
Armagh, Pa. and is employed as
a bookkeeper by The Clark Con-
troller Company, Cleveland, Ohio.
Her husband attended Green
Township High School, Commo-
dore, Pa. and is also employed by
The Clark Controller Company.
The newlyweds honeymooned in
Florida and will reside in Cleve-
land.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18
Free Movie Tickets

You cdn get a pair OF compli
mentory tickets 10 the Shaw-Hdyden
Thedtre by reading the ads In this
paper. There are ten ndmes in ten
dds scattered through the popeT. u
you find your name. Just clip the
od and take II 10 the Shdw-HdYden
Theors and you'll get two Tree
tickets.
Thurs. FIJI. Sat-. The WoYward
Bus"
Kiddis Motinee Sat-. John WoYns,
Shepherd Of the Hills" Cartoons,
Little Rascols Comedy.
SUM-. Mon. Tues. Double FeGtuTe.
Tor Whom the Bell Tolls" and Volt
DisneY's Secrets Of Life."
Wed. Thurs. Fri. China Gdte"
and The Greet Mon"
Check all the ads and maybe
you'll find your ndme. II not this
week. be sure 10 look next week.
Thsre'l be ten nomes edch week
good for 20 tickets at the Shaw.
Hayden Thsdtre.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1957-07-18

Born to Mr.. and Mrs. Daniel
Thomas lombard, 1859 Orinoco
ave., a son, Richard Christopher,
on June 28th.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-26

SPECIAL PRICES Metropolitan Washington Saturday
l 0nm
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-08-31
Good Morning Judge
~ ELLIOTT }. PIEzE. Times STAFF Writer
News from Mamie Municipal Precinct Court
JUDGE JOHN o. JOHNSON, PRESIDING

planned that the charge agains:
Johnson was drawn incorrectly.
The charge stated in effect that
Johnson had taken the money
from Miss Murphy, when actually
the money did not belong to her
but instead to the woman who
owned the business.
Among other cases heard and
disposed Of were the following:
Morris Hamilton, charged with
petty larceny-a radio, valued at
$40, fined sos or ten days.
Willie James Ellerby, charged
with vagrancy, fined $40 or four
days.
David Young, charged with as
Sault and battery on Betty Young,
dismissed.
'Albertha Cody, charged with
assault and battery on Realist
Cody - Realist was charged with
iisorderly conduct, creat ting a dis
'urbance, fined $40 or four days
each.
Jimmie Jackson, charged with
assault witha gun on Irving Ma
jor, fined $25 or ten days
John Mason, charged with driv-
ing without a drivers license,
and with obstructing traffic, fined
500 or 40 days-the fine will be
suspended if Mason produces a
drivers license in court to prove
that he does have same.
Dan Carmichael, charged with
assault and battery on Jacquelin
Fielder, dismissed upon payment
of $40 cost of court.
Willie Nash, charged with be-
ing drunk, and with escaping
from the city stockade with 46
days due the city. Sentenced to
go additional days, plus the 46
days owed the city.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-08-31
Mianialls Attend
Love and Charity
Convention

A number of well known Mi
ami fraternal leaders and mem
bers attended the recent Grand
Lodge convention of the General
Grand and Accepted Order of
Brothers and Sisters of Love and
Charity, which was held in Wash
ington, D. c., Aug. 20, through %.
John Burroughs of Miami is the
general grand worthy superior of
the order.
Officers from District 4 in
which Miami is located, who at
tended the convention were:
"A. j. Baisden, district grand