davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
What Are the PIedoes?

Many of the things that are being
said and written about the Middle East
situation suggest that the United States
has broken faith with Israel. One hears
great deal about pledges, commitments,
assurances, agreements, assumptions and
the like. But there is very little which
contributes to clear understanding of
Just what 1t is that we agreed to do and
have not done, or what it is that we are
doing or permitting which we were sup
posed not to do or to permit
The communique issued after the
discussion between Israeli Foreign Min
lister Coda Meir and Secretary Dulles is
a case in point. 1t is a fine example of
the use of words to obscure meaning. Mrs.
Meir speaks of grave situation which is
contrary to "the assumptions and expec-
tationS' expressed by her and others in
the U. N on March /. Mr.. Dulles says
that the United States stood firmly by
the hopes and expectations it had ex-
pressed with regard to the situation
which should prevail in the Middle East
area :" These words were carefully
chosen. But what do they mean? What
is the distinction between hopes and ex-
pectations" and pledges or assurances?
What is the meaning of the words should
prevail?
Mr.. Dulles says United States policy
with respect to these matters has been
publicly expressed, notably" in Ambas-
sador Lodges address to the General
Assembly on March l and the Presidents
letter of March 2 to Prime Minister Ben
Gurion We think that this is not enough.
The good faith of the United States is
being all but openly challenged, but in
circumstances which are too fuzzy to per-
NIT of clear judgment as to the merit or
lack Of merit in the challenge. Further
more, this undermining of the American
position will be accelerated as the Middle
East crisis deepenS.
We think Mr.. Dulles should prepare
and make public a formal statement
which will spell out precisely what the
United States has undertaken to do, just
what commitments, if any, have been
made, and in what respects, if any, we
have failed to live up to them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Cancer Benefit

/ would like to express my
thanks publicly to Mrs. Susan
Hall Scott for her generosity
in presenting a benefit ballet
for the Arlington County Unit
OF the American Cancer So
clety. | also would like to thank
the more than 100 YOUNGSTERS
who contributed their time and
talents to the highly successful
performance.
The benefit recital brought
us $770. The money will be
used by the American Cancer
Society TO further its fight
against cancer through public
education. service to cancer
patients, and research. Returns
from the ballet performance
come as a curtain-raiser to the
1857 Cancer Crusade, which
opens on April l with a week
long residential fund drive in
Arlington, followed by other
crusade activities throughout
the month.
Mrs. Lawrence ID. Ball,
President, Arlington County
Unit, American Cancer Society.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Moscow on Free Europe

In formal statement issued by the
Soviet Foreign Ministry, Nikita Khru-
Shchev and his colleagues have now given
the world another example of their inim-
liable ability to turn the truth upside
down and make a fantasy of reality.
They have done so, and with a straight
face, by depicting free Europes plans for
Euratom and common economic mar
ket as villainous scheme cooked up by
West German and American "monopo-
lists" to enslave the cooperating nations
and pave the way for aggression and war.
Actually, of course, the six countries
involved France, West Germany, Italy,
Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxem-
bourg) have agreed upon these two prof.
ects solely and simply to promote peace
and prosperity among themselves AS
they see it, the common market, by elimi-
mating or greatly reducing the barriers
OF tariffs and customs, promises to bring
about their mutual economic enrichment
on large scale. Similarly, in terms of
their constantly increasing power needs,
they regard Euratom as an enterprise
IN which they can look forward to reap
Ing vast potential benefits from a pooling
OF efforts and resources to harness nu-
clear energy for nonmilitary purposes, es-
pecially for the production of electricity.
However, like the propaganda min
istry in George OrWell'S 1894" the Krem-
lin has shrilly condemned these under
takings for being the exact opposite of
what they really are. Thus, they are
designed not to help build better world,
but to serve the ends of aggression, place
France at the mercy of West Germany,
and enable the United States to be the
real ruler of the six participating nations.
Accordingly, in the Soviet version, moth
ing but evil can ensue-evil perpetuating
the German partition, deepening the
division OF Europe, and intensifying the
danger of atomic war. And what is the
alternative? Well, as set forth by Moscow.
the alternative is to abandon the idea
OF Euratom and a common market in
favor OF an all-European system of Co
operation" in which Red Russia could
obstruct and sabotage as much as it
pleased.
In sum- what the Kremlin has asked
for Is the right to tell the West Europeans
that they cannot do anything for their
own good without first receiving Soviet
permission This is palpably ridiculous
proposition. AS propaganda, 1t presumably
is meant to discourage parliamentary
rttification OF the Euratom Dad common
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Kosper's Fall

There is certain irony in the fate
which has overtaken John Kasper, who
has been billed as the executive secretary
of the Seaboard White Citizens Council
OF Washington. For this self-appointed
champion Of segregation has been re-
vealed as a recent participant in racially
mixed dances in New York City.
The reluctant and evasve Mr.. Kas-
per was forced to acknowledge this under
the prodding of Florida legislative COM
mittee, and it will finish him in his
trouble-making role in the South-doubt-
less a very desirable consequence, since
there is no reason to question the accu-
racy Of the Florida Senator who described
Kasper as professional agitator using
this aggregation campaign as means
Of livelihood.b \
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Look at the Record!

Dave Beck'S casual confession that
he had borrowed 100000 to 100000 in
Teamster union funds-without interest
and without notes or any other form of
collateral to secure the loanS-iS perSua-
Sive evidence that some form of regula-
ton and protection of union funds is
necessary.
It seems necessary for two reasons,
at least. First of ALL the tremendous
amount of money in union pension funds
estimated by the Department of Labor
at $26 billion total-has been accumu-
lated through the contributions of the
union members Through dues or other
assessments they have been required to
make their weekly or monthly payments
to accounts set up for the purpose of
guaranteeing them certain amount Of
financial security later in life. If these
funds are to be freely available to union
oftlcialdom-either for good or bad pur-
poses - the guarantees are relatively
meaningless, perhaps nonexistent. Mr..
Beck, for example, allegedly invested his
borrowings profitably and repaid the prin-
cipal. Mr.. Beck could have invested them
dllO llOG lCpdlQ OllC
If the latter had been the case the
pension fund simply would have been
short by the amount borrowed-and the
union members would have been short
by that much financial security.
Secondly, it is quite obvious that the
availability of such large sums of money
iS-to quote Secretary of Labor Mitchell
"a great, great temptation" to racket
eering and various kinds of misuse. OFF,
Gals of the Transfers Union already have
declared themselves, in sworn testimony
before the Mcclellan committee, unable
to explain or to remember how TeamSter
funds were used There has been evidence
that some of them were used for thor
oughly reprehensible purposes, far afleld
from protecting the interests and the
equity of the union members And when
such funds are used for corruption of
society at largely promoting vice and
attempting to control politics and law
enforcement-it becomes a matter of
public concern.
Legislation requiring registration and
full disclosure of the financial operations
of union pension plans was introduced
in the last Congress, on administration
recommendation. No action was COM
pleted then. but the disclosures before
the Mcclellan committee should bring
new effort this year. There are, of
course, unions that administer their pen
sion and welfare funds with the greatest
integrity and effectiveness. But the abuses
that have been disclosed in the case of
tho Ton DO cIa bot
greater regulatory force is needed. Con-
greSS should look at this record carefully
and act accordingly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Had Fun

I have been a daily reader
OF your fine newspaper for a
number of years, and have fol-
lowed some of the comics with
great interest. I was one of
those who attended the festi-
val OF comics and musical pro-
gram at the mcfarland Junior
High School. While l was not
husky enough TO win one Of the
comic originals. ! got to view
several OF them. and enjoyed
the program very much. The
history Of the carly comics as
illustrated by Mr.. Andriola.
Of Kerry Drake fame, was IN
deed interesting.
I wish TO congratulate The
Star for publicizing the Goth
anniversary Of the comic strips.
which play such a great part
In the lives of millions of
Americans today. Great credit
is due John II. Kaufman,
your assistant business mana
ger, who. as master Of cere-
monies. displayed unusual Nhct
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
u. S. Policy Critic

The Nation will now get a
heart breaking demonstration
Of the stupidity of the admins
tration's Egyptian policy. Our
Government will either be
forced to welsh on its promises
to Israel, or resort directly or
indirectly to the same force
for which it condemned others
who tried to protect them
selves from the Egyptian black
mailer.
The inevitable consequences
of the Eisenhower Dulles
policy will not only have un-
fortunate results in that part
of the world, but will do
violence to our national self
interest in similar situations.
From conversations with
many hundreds of citizens in
the past six months. it is
evident that people are wholly
out Of sympathy with the
course of our Government in
this matter. There seems to be
common agreement that it was
unfortunate the British and the
1sraells were not permitted 20
finish a necessary JOB. Our
Nation places itself in an I'M
enviable position when 1t
takes responsibility for prevent
ing other nations from taking
action to defend their rights,
particularly against an in
ternational pirate who has
demonstrated time and again
that he has no respect for
treaties, promises, or the right
Of others to live in peace. 1t
seems that we sang different
tune in 1901 when faced with
the same kind of pirates in
Tripoli.
Harrison Mann.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
On Aiding Poland

Poland's request for United
States military aid is one
which We can ill-aford TO
deny. True. there are limits
TO what our Government can
expend without seriously
undermining the economy.
Yet. this particular invest
ment, or gamble if you wish,
may well pay tremendous
profits to the cause of free
nations everywhere.
Many people are critical of
extending aid to Poland for
fear it might end up to the
economic advantage of Rus
STA. This possibility exists. of
course. However. Poland has
manifested a disposition to-
ward the Soviet regime which
would appear to minimize the
chances of such an eyentu-
atty. The very act of turn
ing to the West for assistance
and setting forth the rundown
condition OF her economy-ob-
Vlously a result of Russian
mismanagement-as the rea-
son for needing this assist
ance. is in itself a revealing
indication Of Polands attitude
toward her Soviet neighbor.
Failure to support Poland
would do more than lessen her
chances OF some day achiey-
ing freedom. II would serve
to dampen the enthusiasm of
other satellite countries for
asserting a degree of indie
pendence from Soviet domi-
nation.
The attitude OF men like
Senator Knowland on this
subject seems very strange.
He has long been a leading
proponent of get-toueh
policy with respect TO Com
muniSt expansion. Now he is
opposed to riskinR American
dollars on a project which
offers a distinct possibility OF
shaking the very foundations
OF the Soviet imperial system.
Tim COSS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

they have put forth nothing
except two tiny protuberances,
which might be called leaves
by a hopeful eye.
1t was high noon, always an
exciting time, when Creamo.
the white cat, spotted the in
vader high and dry on the sill.
Creamo gave a snort of dis
dain. His specially is making
noises of all kinds, including
prodlgious signs, as he sleeps.
mighty purrs at the proper
moments, and a sort of cat
talk. known popularity as
meoWing.
The word meow" is one of
these productions supposed to
be built on an imitation of the
thing named.
Certainly it is universal,
known the world around. in
any language.
Creamo gave a start. then a
snort. and jumped onto the
sink.
At this. Racci came out OF
his doze and froze his tail into
an elegant fluff.
With a bound, Creamo sank
a claw into the small cats left
leg.
With this. Racci leaped
down and sped for the living
room.
II was at this point that the
four other cats of the Jones'
household joined in the chase.
The fifth was incarcerated
in a room upstairs. to keep
the envious Minny away from
him.
The five downstairs cats cor
nered Racci behind a chair
and a prodigious yowling be-
gan such as few persons have
ever heard outside a ZOO.
just which one jumped which
one no watcher ever knew,
but out of the melee came a
very ruffled and puffed-up
Racci, heading straight for the
front door
Once outside, he turned to
cast a naughty look at his
hosts, stepped gracefully down
to the yard. and disappeared
under the porch.
He diSapproved of the whole
thing very much.
Maybe l will come back"
his attitude said, but by that
time l hope you have got rid
Of that bunch. And don't ex-
pect me to purr, either. There
is very little to purr about in
your old house
Racci always speaks plainly,
as a good cat should.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Right and Wrong PLANNING

The right and wrong ways to plan
new homes for Federal agencies are
exemplified in the choice of new building
sites for the Geological Survey and
Bureau of Standards. In the case of the
Survey, regular planning bodies CO.
operated in the search for a suitable
site. In the case of the Bureau of
Standards, however, the planning au-
thorities were bypassed, leading to serious
complications.
The National Capital Planning Com
mission, under the law, should have been
consulted in advance in both cases. But
the Standards agency, apparently UNI
aware of the fact that Congress had
directed the planning commission to give
advice in the picking of Federal sites,
made its own choice of land near
Gaithersburg, Maryland After the selec-
ton had been made it was discovered
that public service facilities there were
inadequate for such a large building,
necessitating special arrangements for
sewage disposal and the like.
Protests over this and other evil
denceS of trend toward independent
action by Federal agencies in picking
sites-usually outside of Washington
led to Senate restriction on choice Of a
Geological Survey location. In clearing
a lease-purchase proposal for the Survey
building, the Senate Public Works Com
mittee specified that the new home
should be built on Federal property
within the District of Columbia The
National Capital Planning Commission
launched hunt for a suitable site, with
the result that the Survey has been given
prior rights to the present home of the
Bureau of Standards on Connecticut
avenue at Van Ness street NV. This plan
not only will save the Government a lot
OF money but will keep the Survey in the
National Capital, where it belongs. This
is an example of orderly planning of the
sort that Congress intended when it
created the National Capital Planning
Commission and directed that it be con-
suited by all Federal departments and
agencies in the design and location Of
public buildings in the Washington area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Racial Background

With all due respect for the
sincerity and intelligence of its
author. one is compelled, none
thelesS. out of regard for vera
city, to take exception to GER
tain facts and opinions stated
in E. B. HenderSon'S letter,
Negro History"
The idea of racial inferiority
is not the result of myths
and canards," but of the hard
facts of world history and OBJ
viouS cultural differences.
Comparisons should be
drawn with members Of the
same class level. Negro is
primary class and should not
be compared with only Angles.
Saxons. Franks. and Goths.
which are white tribes, but
with the white race as a
whole. 1t is unfair to measure
relative achievement by COM
pairing the best of one people
with the least advanced of
the other people. Athens and
Rome cannot be left out!
Even so. let there be a COM
pariSon for the period Of the
18th to l4th centuries. be-
tween the cultures of Melle.
Mendango and Ghana and of
the Teutonic "barbarianS."
What was the culture of the
former? One hardly knows.
The African Negroes never
invented written language.
nor did they leave any lasting
IN on I'm ents. One major
source. the work of the cele-
brated world traveller. Ibn
Batuta, an Arab who trav-
crSed West Africa in the l4th
century, while disclosing some
worthy character traits. re-
vcals. in the very few pages,
little evidence Of an advanced
civilization.
An excellent account Of
Negro life is detailed by the
Enolishman Mungo Park, who
in 1896 iourneved in this same
region. He gives no hint of
any past great civilizations.
and reveals that the natives
knew neither the pillow nor the
wheel.
In the meantime the bar
barians" of the north were
producing THE Chronicles.
the "Doomesday Book" the
system Of feudal rights, Magma
Carta. trial by Jury, a His
tory of the Franks" Charlie
magne. Elnhard. the towns,
castles. the cathedralS OF
Charities. AmienS. and Reims,
She University of Paris, the
Estates General. merchant
guilds. money system, Chaucer,
capable armies. and SO on.
II is not true that the white
people resist indignation be-
cause 1.-THE Negro is looked
upon as a child race having no
history" This is beside the
point, and no amount of his
tory will change it. The white
people resist integration be-
cause it will inevitably lead
to the destruction Of their
race and culture.
II. Mertz, Sr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
ON THE RECORD
Arabs Take New Look at Suez Affair
By DOROTHY THOMPSON

TUNIS.-The traveller in
the Middle East cannot move
as quickly as the changes of
mood and attitude that pre-
cede or follow him.
In December, in Egypt. the
regime of Canal Abdel Nasser
was riding high among Arabs
everywhere. Only two months
have passed since / left Cairo,
but the change is palpable.
Arab leaders, whether one
meets them in their own
country or elsewhere, and
whatever they may still be
saying publicly, privately ex-
press the opinion that the
Egyptians have overreached
themselves. There is even a
perceptible difference of at
titude toward Israel. AS one
head of an Arab state put
it to me, I'VE have no in
creased affection for Israel.
but the Egyptian army isn't
going to destroy her"
In Israel also there is pro-
found disappointment, how
ever good a face she put up
on the conditions under which
she withdrew. Israel's military
measures succeeded. Despite
the fact that Egypt had built
up in Sinai an enormous base,
far larger and more heavily
supplied than would have been
indicated by a defensive posi-
ton, she got a very bloody
nose from the Israelis.
The attack by France and
Britain on the Canal Zone
certainly aided Israel and
furnished President Nasser
with a convenient explanation
of why he was unable to repel
the aggression: Nobody could
expect Egypt successfully to
fight Israel. France and Bri-
tain simultaneously"
Troops Know They Lost
But however convincing that
may be to the man in the
street, the Egyptian officers
who conducted the campaign,
the Egyptian enlisted men who
fought it Qnsofar as it was
Fought, and their Command
er-in-Chief himself know the
truth. The Egyptian army was
knocked out in the first round
NeWspapermen. who went in
Immediately after the engage
ment accredited to both sides.
know the story and have told
it. And the governments of
the Arab states know it, too
Militarily, Israel was again
the winner. as she was in the
Palestinian War. And. again
Israel started to harvest the
fruits of victory by settling
herself in GAIA and the Aqaba
position, just as she turned
her victories in l947 and l94e
into greatly expanding the ter
ritory allotted TO her by the
U. N. partition scheme.
But this time she has not
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19
Expected Spring

No rtolet surprises her:
she knoWS iUhen each beams
10 stir
SmdH purple petal-uinoS. she
knOWS
When eDerv jonqul trumpet
blOiDS
Clear calls 10 all edrth'S elfn
ones
To froltC under trcndly suns.
And she has knoWn. since eariv
fail
HoW many blossoms eucrp
small
Beloved dogwood tree nh
bear.
Hdvtng counted buds Nth
tender care.
SO closely supervised. her
springs
Can BRING fen unexpected
things.
But bring participating pride
IN expectations satisfied.
Jone Merehont'I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19

been allowed to do it. And
this has modified the Arab
attitude toward the West. One
reason for the Arabs almost
psycopathic fear of Israel has
been their conviction that she
is base for the Western i'm
perialiSt powers" - always a
Russian charge and lent sub
stance by the October-N ovem-
Der joint attack-and that I'M
der no circumstances would
the United States act against
her favorite child in the Mid
die East.
In short it has not been
Israel, herself, that has caused
mental panic among her Arab
neighbors but the belief that
Israel was bent on unlimited
expansion and that via Israel
the Arab world was menaced
by all the Western powers.
This was enough to turn them
toward the Soviets as the only
sympathetic great power.
Eisenhower Broke "SpelT"
President Eisenhower broke
that psyc osis. His action
forced both Israel and the
Arab states to do a little fresh
thinking: The Arabs to realize
that they do not stand alone
as far as the West is con-
cerned; the Israelis to realize
that they cannot. with i'm
punity shoot their way
through the hostility that sur
rounds them.
This does not mean that the
Arab-Israeli conflict is resolved
and that peace is upon the
horizon. 1t does mean, I think,
that war. whether as raids or
formal armed attacks, has re-
treated. 1t means that the
Arab rush toward the Soviets
is considerably less enthusiast
tic than it was, and that, on all
sides, there is more sober
thinking.
The cry: Israel must be
destroyed" is now met by
the skeptical question: by
whom?" and is dampening
down into the expressions:
Israel must be kept in her
place"
The cost of the little autumn
furry is prodigious-to France,
Britain, Egypt. Syria, Iraq,
Lebanon and Saudi Arabia
not one Arab country has
escaped the serious economic
repercussions, to which the
Egyptian overnmen by
pushing to more and more ex-
tremes has been most notably
contributing. The adventure
has not ended in mutual sui
eide but it will take a long
time to recover from the
wounds, and few, at present,
are disposed to rub salt in
them or look with favor on
those who do.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-19

@. What is the origin of the
expression kangaroo court?"
Il. A.
A. 1t is very likely that this
term dates back to the years
when Australia was an Eng
lish penal colony. and to mock
trials held by the convicts
there. kangaroo courts are
mock trials, or unauthorized
courts, or courts III which the
principles of justice are dis
regarded. The term has for
many years been especially
applied to trials" conducted
by convicts in jails. and the
word kangaroo has long
been a slang synonym for
australian"