Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-26

Island steel works. With tire
shoulders, he reflected on the
besets Budapest today, three
anti Communist revolution first
President Eisenhower said Il
merely the name Of a city: hence
forth it is new and shining
symbol Of mans yearning to be
free"
1t is true that the yearning
for freedom lives on unquench-
able in the hearts of 10 million
HungarianS. But the grim fact
is that Budapest today is a city
of IT million unhappy citizens
who combat round-the-clock
physical hardships and the dread
of a new secret police terror.
They live on in the grim
determination that - somehow,
some way-they will be able to
Iget rid Of the hated Russians
and their Hungarian Communist
IStoogeS.
Economy TOpsy Turvy.
Once-beautiful Budapest was,
Iby Western standards, a drab
city even before the October rev.
olution. The Communist regime
never did clean up the scars of
World War II. Under Communist
policies and Soviet exploitation,
Ia breadbasket country had to go
into debt to import food. Efforts
Ito convert a predominantly
agricultural country into a STEEL
producer turned the economy
Itopsy turvy. There was a chronic
land appalling lack of consumer
goods.
All these things remain, and
worse has been added
The naturalization" program
Iof Premier Janos Kadar's gov
ernment threatens to throw
100000 persons out Of work.
Many workers are told that they
cannot keep their jobs unless
they join the new Communist
Party. Fuel is short and many
homes are cold. People are con-
WINGED that the present abund-
ance of food-created by forced
Istoppage Of exports and scare
Strengthening during the revolu-
Ition-cannot last.
On top of all this comes the
terror Of the new secret police,
recreated by the Kadar regime
with Russian guidance immedi-
ately after the Soviet army
crushed the armed revolution.
The new secret police is headed
by Col. Laszlo Matyas, a man
who was purged by the infamous
Maj. Gen. Gabor Peter and who
spent years in prison, along with
Kadar. People who know MatyaS
and Kadar believe they use their
new GeStapo only half-heartedly,
but they have nobody else to do
their dirty work.
Russians Direct Things
The Russians are again in the
background directing things.
Half an immense building on
Budapest's Foe Utica, where the
plush Offices of the police in
vestigators and the grim cells
of the prisoners are housed, is
now occupied by the Russians.
They even have their own jailers.
Russian advisers" are also
back in the Hungarian half" of
the prison. including Col. In
Ivancov, advisor to the Hungar-
ian AVN (secret police) before
THE revolution.
The economic situation is so
bad Hungary cannot keep afloat
without foreign aid. Russia and
China have announced loans,
partly in hard currency. This
acknowledges that Hungary cam
not recover without Western
help. Experts estimate that Hum
gary will need $400 million to
rebuild. It can be assumed that
about one-fourth to one-third of
this can be covered by loans from
Communicated countries.
Kadar has repeatedly stated
he would accept loans from the
West without political condi-
tions."
But many Hungarian nom
Communist politicians with
whom I spoke say such loans
would recognize the puppet Ka-
dar and build him up. One Of
these politicians told me:
Let Russia foot the bill. It
would be preposterous to rebuild
with Western money the houses
blasted to piece by Russian
tanks"
Satellites Get Money
Another added that the time
would soon come when Moscow
would get tired of pouring money
Into Hungary and the other
satellites which it so long ex-
plotted. All the other little East
European countries quickly
caught on to the idea Of Cutting