davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02
TN SCIENCE
Worldwide Glacier Study Launched

During the international
Geophysioal Year . major
attack Is being made on the
problem Of glaciers by expedi-
lions all over the world.
Five, now In the field, are
sponsored by the United
States. -Four Of these are In
Alaska--one In the Arctic
Brooks Mountains, two in the
southeast Of the territory and
one on q small interior valley
glacier. A major effort Is
study Of the fiow Of the
Blue Glacier in the olympic
Mountains Of washington.
A Canadian glacier party
has just returned from the
interior Of ice-covered Elles-
mere Land. supposedly where
the Arctic's Ice islands origi-
nate. A small group has been
left which will remain all
winter.
Other Expeditions
The British are con-
centrating on glaciers on
Mount Kenya and Mount
Kilamanjaro In Eastern At
RIGA. There are Swed-
ish, Finnish and swiss ex-
petitions in the mountains
Of Spitzbergen and Russian
controlled Northeast Land.
while two German parties
are studying high Andean
glaciers In Peru and Colombia.
Major expedition, aside from
the Antarctic. Is . combined
Danish. French. German,
Austrian and swiss expedi-
ton now encamped on
the Greenland Ice cap. It
plans to make Q glacier profile
across the island In an effort
to detect movements Of the
central Ice plain.
Visible, man-made red and
blue clouds are revealing the
chemical composition and
temperature Of the extreme
upper atmosphere.
These experiments have Just
been reported to the Inter-
national Union Of Geodesy
and 0eophysics by DR.. N. H.
Zelikod Of the Air Forces
Geophysics Research Center
at Cambridge, Mass. Previous
reports Of upper air condi-
tons have been quite con-
fiicting.
DR.. Zelikon released
pounds Of ethylene gas. one
Of the simpler carbon COM
pounds. at respective heights
Of about rs and 30 miles,
from balloons. Each rapidly
produced q luminous cloud.
visible on the ground to the
naked eye. The lower cloud
was red. It had q volume Of
about 5000. 900. 900. 900 cubic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02
Promise in Vienna

Vienna today Is place Of promise
for the entire world. For there has just
begun there the first general conference
of the newly established International
Atomic Energy Agency. whose sole pur-
pose is to move forward as speedily as
possible with projects designed to har-
ness nuclear power for the peace and
progress Of all humanity.
This is an enterprise in which no
fewer than 80 nations have pledged
themselves to cooperate along the lines
proposed by President Eisenhower when
he electrified and inspired the world, in
December Of 1858. with his historic
atoms-f or-peace address to, the United
Nations. 1t is an enterprise, moreover,
that holds out the prospect Of taking
much Of the iron out Of the Iron Curtain
BY bringing together In great and
constructive Joint endeavor countries as
far apart from each other, ideologically,
as our own and the Soviet Union.
In that respect, as 1t makes its
working debut now in the Austrian
capital. the IAEA promises to serve the
cause Of peace in two ways above all.
First. It's detectives win require thor
oughgoing cooperation Of a sort that
is absolutely indispensable to the safe
exploitation Of atomic power for uses
aimed at spreading industrial progress
In both developed and underdeveloped
areas, improving agricultural techniques
and productivity throughout a world
that is growing ever more populouS. and
promoting far-reaching new advances in
human health. And second, as It be-
comes an operating reality on a con-
stantly increasing International scale,
the agency viii have to establish meth
DDS of inspection and other supervisory
measures that can play a major role in
terms Of pointing the way to effectively
policed disarmament and a trustworthy
global system of collective security.
So Lewis L. Strauss. chairman Of our
Atomic Energy Commission and chief
American delegate TO the current Vienna
conference. has not exaggerated in
declaring that the gathering may well
maxi a profoundly hopeful turn in
human history. In any event, few will
disagree with these words Of his: MY
fellow countrymen share with millions
Of people the anticipation that what we
do here win lead them along a new road
away from war and distruSt and toward
friendly cooperation for peace and
progress. Never before that I know has
an international venture enjoyed such
widespread support and enthusiasm.
That is q rare omen and good omen"
OF course. the IAEA-whose first
Director General is expected to be Rep
reSentative Cole. former chairman of the
Joint Congressional Atomic Committee
cannot achieve wondrouS things in a
hurry. But its beneficent potentialities
are enormous. and II all the member
nations pursue its detectives vigorously,
intelligently and with good will, 1t can
hardly fail to work powerfully on the
side Of peace and the material better
ment Of men everywhere.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02

centimeters. The upper one
was blue. It was about 800
times bigger.
The phenomenon can be
explained. DR.. Zeiikon said.
by the fact that when etl1y-
lene molecules combine with
atomic nitrogen. which takes
place In q temperature Of
slightly above freezing, heat
Is produced IN the process
which gives rise to radiations
in the red end Of the spec
trum. This red cloud lasted
for about so seconds.
At q higher temperature.
more than 200 degrees above
freezing. atomic oxygen unites
with the ethylene moIecule.
The radiation produced by
the chemical process is in the
blue end Of the spectrum. The
experiments, DR.. ZelikoH said,
are capable of this interpre-
tation:
Difference In StFatas
The lower strata Of the
high atmosphere where the
first cloud was produced con-
sists predominantly Of nitro
gen atoms with a relatively
low temperature. In the upper
strata there is . great pre-
dominance Of free oxygen
atoms and the temperature
has gone up with extreme
rapidity. Oxygen in the lower
atmosphere always is in the
form Of two-atom molecules.
Chemical composition Of the
upper atmosphere is q major
objective Of rocket research.
The sun isn't alone in
producing the atmosphere's
heat. 1t Is reported by rocket
experts from Naval Research
Laboratory In Washington.
Some heat Is absorbed by the
constant rain from outer
space Of micrometeorites,
many Of which weigh less
than q millionth Of Q gram.
These are about the Hghtest
Of such particles, believed to
result from the ancient ex-
plosion Of one Of the solar
systems planets, which would
not Immediately be blown out
Of the earth's atmosphere
into outer space, according
to q report Of DR.. r. s. john
son Of NRL. The particles
enter the atmosphere at
speeds Of about Z miles a
second. Their mass effect is
TO heat the upper air about .
tenth Of q degree q day. An
other source Of heat is q cap
ture Of dust particles from
the suns extremely tenuous
pearl-grey crown visible dur
ing eclipses. There is some
reason to believe the fringes
Of this corona may extend
throughout the solar system.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02
THIS AND THAT
BY Charles {. TRAcEWELL

the customers in, but It only
served as q temptation to the
boys.
Not q one Of the kids really
wanted the food.
What they were after, Of
course. was excitement, and
the high fun Of watching the
old man sail out his door in
high indignation.
II Mr.. Martin hadn't been
50 visibly upset by the loss
Of an apple or two. 1t would
MT have been half the fun.
maybe not even q quarter Of
the fun.
Here comes Old Man Mar.
tin" some kid would yell.
The chase was on.
It was usually Temp Jones,
OF course. who got caught,
because he was the smallest
and ran the slowest.
Big Bill Smith. is, was the
ringleader. and he never got
caught.
At this late date it is inn
possible to recall what Mr..
Martin did when he seized
Jones by the collar.
Jones says he doesn't re-
member, and no wonder, but
the possibility that the har-
assed store keeper did any
thing is remote. because Mr..
Martin was q very fine man.
q lover of good music. and
good food. and q friend Of all
the neighborhood.
Modern SupermarketS have
their advantages. and q
greater variety of foods. as
the load on the small chill
dren's fabulous wagon at
tested, but there has been
nothing since quite like the
old corner grocery. run by q
kindly old fellow who really
only pretended to get angry.
after all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

Q. Is it true there Is .
shooting range in the Ma
tional Gallery Of Art In
Washington. d. C.?-M @.
A. Yes. The range was
built shortly after the gallery
was opened on March II.
l941. It is for the use Of the
gallery guards. and for EN-
ployes Of the private agency
which supervises the gallery's
burglar alarms. The walls Of
the shooting range are heav-
lily soundproofed, and visitors
In the rooms below hear moth
ing Of its activity.
Q. Do Japanese beetles at
tack all kinds Of fruit trees
and vines?-B. T.
A. The Department Of Ag-
riculture bulletin. Control
ling the Japanese Beetle"
lists only the dewberry, goose
berry and pear as rarely fed
upon by these beetles. They
are especially attracted by
grapes. raspberrieS. apples
and Enthusiastically attack
ing both leaves and fruit.
In the absence of these ia
vorite fruits Japanese beetles
will feed on practically any
small or orchard fruit.
Q. Who wrote the play
Screen Pastures"?-A. r.
A. "The Green Pastures"
was written in 1890 by Marc
Connely. American play
wright. The idea was sug-
gested to him by "Ol Man
Adam an His Chillun."
sketches Of Southern life
which were written in 1928 BY
RoArh Bradford (is96-lSAO-l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-02
SILVER SPRING.

0A9N EAEb 81 ESA1NAIs
Dear Sir:
Some time ago you had an
article telling about Q teen
age boy who left $50 worth
Of books and an expensive
briefcase on q trash can while
he spent IS minutes In . drug
store.
Recently / witnessed .
similar scene.
Three small children came
along with the longest and
widest toy wagon in the
world.
1T had been equipped with
cardboard cartons, giving it
at least 2 feet In height.
THE whole was laden
down with enough groceries.
including meats, to last an
average family two weeks. at
least.
"As far as I could esti-
mate the haul. 1t must have
cost those children's mother
between $50 and $40. Where
the mother was. ! don't know.
The children left all that
food on the sidewalk. and
went into the drugstore for
Just about q quarter Of an
hour
During their absence.
many people stopped to look
over the display.
There were two big piles
Of ham slices, at least 10
pounds Of beef, other meats.
crackers. the biggest loaf Of
bread ! ever saw. cheese.
canned goods. cleanser.s.
paper napkins, and q variety
Of other items too numerous
to mention. as people some
times say.
"All in all, it was q mouth
watering exhibit and I
wouldn't have been at all
surprised to see some person
walk on with it. but no one
did, and 1t was all there when
the little ones came out.
Il could not help but con-
trast this with what would
have happened in my day as
q child. II I had left so much
food on the sidewalk. even In
the best neighborhood.
Does this mean that peo-
pie are more honest today.
or what?"
Sincerely yours.
ELIZABETH D."
- -
It means. Liz. that there is
more money in circulation
now.
People are not tempted so
much.
They have food Of their
own. thank you'll
In the olden times there
was not enough to so around.
probably. and no wonder
people sometimes stole food.
Temp Jones. who came
from q good family. as the
phrase had II. sometimes
swiped food just for the fun
Of 1t.
The boys in his neighbor-
hood had q small corner gro
Gerry to pick on. and an ir-
ascible old proprietor named
Mr.. Martin.
Martin had handle-bar
moustaches. in the best FASH
ion Of his day. q big paunch.
over which he draped q white
apron, and silvery hair. worn
In q big pompadour.
We were never able to tell
what II was about the old
man that made the boys
want TO steal his exhibits.
In those days, apples and
the like were placed outside
the door on small stands.
This uas supposed - llro
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-05

Park free lst hour In any
Downtown Pork and Shop
ocrsse when purchases
amount to S. or more at
JelIeff's.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28

toria lane, Silver Spring.
stopped for a coffee break at
Barney Circle en- route to the
barn. While he was in q
lunchroom. he told police. he
saw his trolley whip around the
circle SO fast the wheels looked
like they weren't touching the
tracks. He said he had not
taken the reverse bar mech
anism out Of the car with him.
Mr.. Kenney said he chased
after the caTeening trolley for
q short distance but gave up
the pursuit and ran back TO
phone D. c. Transit TO tell
somebody to shut OF the UNDER
ground power rail.
Jumps Tracks
But by that time. police re-
counted. Morgan was having
his flrst COLLISION.
They said the streetcar.
gathering speed up the straight
away up Pennsylvania avenue,
hit the rear Of an automobile
at Fifteenth street NE. The
auto was sent spinning. but the
driver. Harry w. Edelin,. 10. of
West Beach. Md. was not hurt.
The end was more dramatic
than the start. At Indepsnd-
ence avenue and Second street
Sc. the speeding streetcar
jumped the tracks, hit a sta
ton wagon and ran into two
parked cars, and there it came
to rest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28

Junior college now are under
study. Meanwhile several ac-
crediated college courses are
offered In the evening BY the
University Of Maryland.
There are 9,5l6 children In
Roman Catholic private and
parocial schools. The Archdio-
cese of Washington plans to
have another girls high school
ready in 1859 near Bladensburg
The Lutheran Church oper-
ates Concordia Elementary
School, In West Hyattsville.
just over the county line In
Montgomery County the Sew
enth Day Adventist Church has
two elementary schools. one
high school. and several insti-
tutions on the college level.
A program Of gradual inte-
grafton is being followed in
county public schools. Negroes
may enter previously all-white
schools only If their transfer
requests are approved by the
school superintendent. This
term there are about 220 Ne
groes In II schools that for
rnerly were limited to white
students.
TOMORROW; Home buyers
fina wide variety Of housing
In Prince Georges County.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28
Mental Tests Ordered
For Streetcor Joyrider

Psychiatrists are going to
have q long look at the. man
who drove q streetcar at so
miles an hour down Pennsyl-
vania avenue Sc. early yester-
day and crashed into four cars
In the process. Municipal Court
Judge Mildred Reeves ordered
him sent to District General
Hospital for 80 days mental OBJ
servation at his arraignment
today.
Clayton Morgan, jr.. 40. a
laborer. Of the 1900 block of
Fourth street NV, was
charged with unauthorized use
Of q vehicle. unreasonable
speed and leaving after collid-
ing, He spent the week end
In the Central Cell Block.
Charge Reduced
At the arraignment. Assist
ant United States Attorney
George Foster reduced the
unauthorized use charge TO
petty larceny. Petty larceny is
defined in law as the theft Of
something under $50 In value.
Reporters went to Assistant
United States Attorney Ed
mund T. Daily. in charge Of
prosecutions at Municipal
Court. and Assistant United
States Attorney Edgar Bellin-
ger for an explanation. They
said the charge was reduced in
order to get Morgan under
mental observation. They said
there is q question Of inter-
probation Of the mental obser-
yation statute as to whether
q man charged with a felony
can be so committed.
1T can always be lacked
back up again II he Is found
to be Of sound mind" Mr.. Bel
linger added.
Morgan's l5-block joyride
up Pennsylvania avenue Sc.
from Barney Circle TO the Lii
brary Of Congress began at
l2:t5 am. Sunday and ended
four minutes later when the
streetcar jumped the tracks.
Wien they collsred him, he
laughed and said. Il ought 20
go out to National Airport. II
looks like I'd make a better Jet
pilot than q trolley driver"
Coffee Break
II all started when the
streetcar,s operator. Lawrence
w. Kenney. 20. Of 1923 As
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28
Officer Who Shot
Women Suspended

! A Fhirm0nt Heights Md
policeman was suspended yes
terday following the shooting Of
a woman in the 57O0 block OF
Sheriff road late Saturday
night.
Prince Georges County police
said the victim. Mrs. Phyllis
Louise Thorpe, II. Of 1909 Six
tieth avenue. Fairmont Heights,
was admitted TO Prince Georges
General Hospital in critical con-
dition with a bullet wound in
her back. Hospital attendants
said she is paralyzed from her
waist down.
Police said Mrs. Thorpe and
. companion. Geary M. Curtis.
IL, OF the unit block OF M
street NV. were scufiiing when
Pvt. Louis A. Shelton, 80,
walked up TO intervene.
Police said Pvt. Shelton told
them his service revolver ac-
cidentally discharged.
Pvt. Shelton was suspended
pending completion Of the in
vestigation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28
Flu Closes 3
More Schools
In Fuirfux

Fairfax County school ofii-
cials said today that three adj
ditionai elementary schools wtll
be closed tomorrow because Of
sharp increases In iiu-like III
neSseS.
The schools. Weyanoke. Hol-
lin Hills and Franeonia. re-
ported absenteeiSEns greater
than IS per cent Of enrollmentS
this morning.
The additional Blessings bring
to 36 the numbered schools in
the county shut down because
of illnesses among students.
Glasses are scheduled to resume
at all IS schools next Monday.
In Richmond today. DR.. Ma
son Romano. chief Of State
Health Departments Commu-
nicable Disease Division, said
the flu bug ultimately Is ex-
pected to reach 20 per cent Of
the States population.
District Health Director
Daniel l.. Finucane said there
Is no epidemic in the District
at present but that bad
weather may increase the
number OF flu cases in Wash.
tngton during the next few
weeks.
Appearing on a special NBC
television program with United
States Surgeon General Leroy
Z. Burney. DR.. Finucane said
he does not anticipate more
than 20 per cent Of the Dis
trict's population win come
down with fiu-like illnesses.
DR.. Burney repeated his pre-
diction that the disease viii In
crease throughout the Nation
for the next 8 or 10 weeks and
then decline.
The disease here is sim on
the increase. DR.. Finucane said.
with more than 1000 cases re-
ported since the first Of the
year.
Meanwhile, ofIicials OF Hamp-
den-Sydney tVa) College de-
MED reports Of a campus quar-
antine because Of a flu out
break.
we have no more flu than
is normal for this time Of the
year." said DR.. Joseph c. Rob-
ert. president Of the college.
Reports Of a four or flve-day
quarantine are entirely err
roneous." he added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28

teachers five top salary years
TO LIS per cent, and they also
agreed that a teacher should
serve on the retirement board.
12-Month School Year
The candidates were asked
their views on a 12-month
school year, which has been
mentioned by the incumbent.
Gov. Stanley. as a possible solu-
ton to classroom shortages.
Mr.. Dalton said he would CO.
operate with the study recon-
mended by Gov. Stanley. but
commented that a l2-month
school year has not proved sue
cessful where it has been tried.
Mr.. Almond agreed that he was
willing to study the idea, but
said, las Of now / could not
commit myself as a supporter
Of this plan"
Both candidates said they
considered education a State
responsibility. and looked un-
favorably on Federal aid to
education.
They were asked what would
happen TO teachers salaries If
schools closed because Of inte-
grafton. Present State laws pro-
vide for the closing of any
school where indignation occurs
and the Withholding of Sta~
funds from any locality that
chooses to operate an integrated
school system.
Mr.. Almond declared, mo
one has any justification for
anticipating any wholesale clos
ing Of schools-I1l do all I can
10 prevent that" He said teach
ers have contracts with the
localities that hire them, and
those contracts would have to
be fulfilled.
Standard Virginia teaching
contracts now include a 30-day
cancellation clause in the event
teachers are no longer needed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28

Their answers revealed Issues
other than segregation or
which the candidates disagree
Most notable difference in
opinions Is on the appointment
of the State Superintendent oil
Public Instruction. Each can
didate was asked to comment
on YEAS recommendation that
power to appoint the superin-
tendent be changed from the
governor TO the State Board
Of Education.
Mr.. Almond said he thought
the present system Of guber-
Material appointment has beer
working satisfactorily. and he
saw no need for a change.
Mr.. Dalton disagreed. Ger
tainly. the Superintendent Of
Public Instruction should be
appointed by the Board of Edu-
cation instead of by the COVER
nor" he said.
Agree on Teacher Raise
The YEA program also calls
for an increase from s2.400 To
$4,000 In the State minimum
starting salary for teachers.
Mr.. Almond said he believed
teachers should get an increase
and would favor one con-
sistent with State revenues. He
said the State Board Of Educa-
ton had requested a $33 mil
lion budget. and he would dc
all in his power to appropriate
1t.
Mr.. Dalton said he advocated
a $500 increase in the scale the
first year and 500 increase
the following year. He &C.
knowledged this was not a,
high as the teachers requested
but said it could be granted al
q cost Of SITS million land We
have that much money-we
could afford it,"
Both candidates said they
we're willing TO 60 along with
the YEAS recommendation for
raising the teacher retirement
rate from ! per cent Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-28

schools Jump $500 to a.
900 pupils annually during the
next I'VE TO 10 years.
Double shifts End for coo
Two more elementary schools
should be completed next
month, permitting nearly 600
students now on double shifts
to attend classes on regular
sessions. About 600 more will
Ibe left on double sessions, but
1.-THE number still represents q
considerable drop from the
several thousand students on
double shifts q few years ago.
There is no Kindergarten in
the school system. but this year
iaS4 pre-school youngsters are
attending SO cooperative nurs-
cries throughout the county.
These centers. with an aver
age tuition Of $3.50 per
month. are supervised by .
member Of the Board Of Edu-
cation stan. ~
: The To- Of Prince Georges
students compares favorable"
with youths tested in other
parts of the Nation. Tests are
given annually in the third.
NTH. seventh and tenth grades.
School Lunch Program
The school board boasts q
school lunch program second
in size only TO Baltimore
County. About 80 million
lunches we're served last year
In more than 100 schools, with
prices ranging from 20 70 IS
cents. N
The systems 200-sch0ol- bus
feet. largest In the metropolis
tan area. Is offered free TO
youngsters living nnerally more
than Ia mile from their school,
Textbooks also ar used at no
cost TO the student.
Plans for the county's first