davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1957-12-20

S. GENUINE LEATHER slllfolos feature
turned-in edges. nylon stitching. and r.
movable pass cases. Styles for men and
ladies'. $50 values, now $2.oo and 81 90
woRlp-cLoss MONEY BANK. s" $500
OVERSIZE DIARY, 5H~x7~. $3.4o
cEDAR-cHEsI DIARY. 4l5"x5h~. $4.49
loos PLASTIC PLAYING CARDS Deck, $205
CONGRESS PLAYING CARDS. Deck. 81. 90
HOLY eiBiE. ST. James. White zippered
cover, SAYS; or with black cover. $2.25
rAYloRs DELUXE COTTAGE CHOCOLATES
Dark and milk, assorted. Lii. box .$I.55
AMERICAN CUSTOM CHOCOLATES. h., 81 90
CHRISTMAS STOCKING. chockful Of candy
and toy gift surprises. All for just. sss
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1957-12-20

Cattle with severe case Of pinl
eye have been known to die be-
cause they couldn't see well enough
to fine food Or water.
The Farmville herald. (Farmville, Va.) 1957-current, 1957-12-20
Be Wise, Be sefe
ACClNAT6
Ask Your Doctor

This ud.ersisemsnt is run on behalf
OF 10000 independent druggists
who recommend ond feo,ure prod
ve's Of ihe RernII Cyv9 Compony
these suggested retail prices ore
effective through December as.
1857. and ore subject 10 Federal
Excise Tox where applicable Right
reserved 10 limit quoni,ties ResaH
Drug Co.. Los Aooeies 81. Calf
Evening star., 1957-12-22
The Objectives

President Eisenhower and Sec
retary Of State Dulles went TO
Paris with three basic detectives.
They we're:
4 The strengthening and re-
! . vival Of the basic unity that
created NATO back in i949. a
unity that rested largely on the
close cooperation of the three
major NATO powers-the United
States. Britain and France.
= Arrangements for the arming
%s Of Western Europe with bases
for American intermediate range
ballistic missiles aimed at Soviet
targets. with stockpiles Of nuclear
weapons available.
4 Stern Western rejection Of
Os Soviet overtures for new. di-
rect negotiations toward the So
luton OF international problems.
Neither Mr.. Eisenhower or Mr..
Dulles indicated any doubt OF sue
cess on all three points before they
departed for Paris. The admins
tration revealed no anticipation Of
European reservations to what has
been generally described as the
Dulles program for the latest
phase Of the cold war. Seemingly.
the Washington policymakers con-
sidered their three objectives as
unbeatable under the shadow Of
the Soviet Sputniks. with their
orbiting testimony to the achieve
ments Of Russian science and
their ominous military implica-
tions.
Yet at Paris last week the
NATO nations. while acknowledg-
ing the need for more unity
based on closer cooperation in
all fields, quickly disclosed
strong dislike for the second OBJ
jective missile bases in Western
Europe) and a complete rejection
Of the third (no talks with Mos
cow.
~Quick and intense negotiations
brought a meeting Of the minds
that at least preserved the gains
on objective number one: The
NATO Council would accept the
principle Of the equipping Of
NATO forces with missile bases
and nuclear weapons. and in re-
turn the United States would
agree to participate In new talks
with the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1957-12-22

meant TO the nom Communist
world will be better known after
their report TO the Nation tomor-
row. But comment gathered on
both sides Of the Atlantic could
be summed UP in general that
ID NATO. facing the compelling
necessity to adjust to a completely
revised strategic situation, is NOV
ing away from the almost exclu-
sively military approach recon-
mended by the United States:
CD that the old policy of deter
renee. expressed in the Dulles
phrase massive retaliation, is no
longer regarded as a factor re-
straining the Soviet Union because
Of the recent gains in Red weap-
onry; and 81 that therefore
Western Europe. so vulnerable to
Soviet attack. is no longer willing
TO support the Dulles policy Of
dealing from positions of
strength"
British Foreign Secretary Selwyn
Lloyd perhaps expressed the
dilemma adequately Friday when
he told the House of Commons
that the Paris sessions had helped
to clarity and smooth out mis-
understandings, and had aided a
doctrine Of interdependence" in
the military field. Mr.. Lloyd also
warned on the dangers of fruitless
negotiations with Moscow: But a
summit meeting (between Soviet
and Western heads of state) which
is a complete failure would in
crease tension rather than dimin-
ish it."
Evening star., 1957-12-22

Two months ago, when q sud-
den drop in the stock market
ended eight years Of bullish as
cendancy. economists were in
clined TO view the break as fortu-
nate. They said it was Just what
we needed to prove that the econ
omy was healthy after all. The
boom was leveling off as healthy
boom should. rather than ending
in a disastrous bust.
Actually. there had been warn
ings all summer that the path
would not be ever onward and up
ward. Certain business barometers
hard goods production, inven-
tories. steel orders-were showing
less pressure.
But since the October break.
there have been mounting indica-
tions that we were in for more
than a mere "breather" or
"slackening pace" Railroad earn
ings and carloadings were down.
Sluggishness in the metals mar
kets continued to persist. There
was a decided cutback in new
orders. Even the optimistic have
been agreeing lately that the word
recession" might be appropriate
If preceded by the adjective
mild"
That was the situation last
week when. on the heels Of news
of the previous week that Novem-
ber unemployment was the high
est for a November since l949,
word came that industrial produc-
ton had hit a 2ia-year low lex
cept for July, 1856, when steel
workers were on strike).
The Federal Reserve Board, In
Its monthly analysis Of the eco
nomic climate, said November
production declined to l39 per cent
Of the l947-49 average-a hefty
2 per cent drop since october.
The production index was at an
all-time high of lat last Decem-
ber, but since then II has been
easing downward at highly ir-
regular and hesitant pace.
Concerning other economic ac-
tivity, the board reported:
Construction-a bright spot--re-
malned Arm: business loans Zone
measure Of business confidencel
continued to decline. despite an
Evening star., 1957-12-22
A Task Assumed

The great change wrought in
NATO at this conference was
that the organization finally did
assume this great task Of negotia-
ton.
The American delegation did
not want to do It for several rea-
sons. For one, the Eisenhower
administration does not believe 1t
can be profitable TO talk with the
Kremlin now.
For another. the administration
believes that NATO talks with the
Reds viii take NATO's mind of
its first mission. strengthening the
shield. Also. America at this
time has nothing to offer Russia
in a bargaining session except
already rejected disarmament pro-
posals. And the President and
Secretary Of State Dulles are
afraid some European countries
will want TO make new conces-
sions.
The British government largely
shares these views. But most
continental chiefs of government
do not. They believe negotiation
must 60 on even now-or their
countries someday could be dew
astated by war. set OF perhaps
accidentally.
These European leaders want TO
Evening star., 1957-12-22
THE NATIONAL SCENE
The Economy: Still Downward

expansion Of bank credit: security
yields were of sharply; early De-
cember figures on steel mill opera.
tions showed them at 70 per cent
of capacity with ingot produe-
ton 30 per cent below a year ago:
a revision downward in auto pro-
duction schedules indicated an ex-
pectation IN the industry Of drop
in December sales.
Besides steel. the production de-
cline was accounted for by cut
backs in aircraft, television. furni-
ture. textiles. apparel. petroleum
refining. crude oil, bituminous
coal. and metal ores.
The boards report was followed
in a day by the Commerce De-.
partment's survey Of personal in
come rates. an important guide
to the economy. Here again. the
news was Of a slump: On a sea-
sonally-adjuSted basis. the drop
from October to November was
a half billion dollars. Even so.
this constituted only a slower
pace Of growth. for the annual
rate Of personal income was still
above that Of year ago.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
No Horse Trading

There was no horse trade here
Of British-American arms plan
for continental negotiation pro-
posal. Instead there was a genu-
ine meeting of minds after q week
of both formal and behind-the-
scenes exchanges Of views. The
continent convinced America and
Britain that the people OF Europe
could not get wholeheartedly be-
hind an arms buildup II they
thought it was merely a blind
march toward suicidal war. And
the Anglo-American representa-
tiveS convinced the continent that
missiles and nuclear warheads
were indeed necessary In their
countries.
Both sides found they could get
roughly what they wanted. Amer
ica and Britain agreed that
NATO could feel out the Kremlin
on future negotiations. The con-
tinent agreed to accept terrifying
new weapons. Neither side Is en-
tirely satisfied. Norway and Dem
mark still say publicly they won't
take these weapons. and Ger
many hopes fervently they won't
ever be offered. France plans TO
do some hard bargaining and the
Benelux nations will accept them
only because they feel they are
too small to guide their own desti-
nies. On the other hand. America
and Britain have reservations
about NATO negotiation with the
Kremlin. The British government
wants the actual negotiation to
be done on behalf Of NATO by
perhaps the Big Four-Canada.
the United States. France and
Britain. And the American dele
CATION succeeded in conflning the
ageuda of the first meeting to be
offered Russia to discussion
merely Of new procedures for the
discussion Of same old disarma-
ment proposals.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
KremIin Replies

Yesterday Mr.. Khrushchev and
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei
Gromyko gave the first official
Kremlin reply to the NATO over
lures. Speaking TO the Supreme
Soviet ,parliamenp in Moscow,
Mr.. Gromyko rejected the NATO
bid for new arms control talks at
the foreign ministers level. In
stead. he urged a special session
Of the United Nations General As
sembly, or as an alternative, q
special disarmament conference.
A meeting at the foreign minis
ters level. the dour Russian de-
clared. would be fruitleSs because
the West has already refused to
consider Soviet proposals for arms
control. In effect. Mr.. Gromyko
appeared to be saying that Mr..
Dulles, who as foreign minister of
the United States would take part
in any arms talks at that level.
would block any agreement.
You can judge for yourselves"
he told the Soviet delegates as
sembled in the former throne room
OF the Cars. what sort of result
can be expected from a meeting
OF foreign ministers under these
conditions"
Either a U. N. session or an in
ternational conference, Mr.. Gro
myko said. could prepare the way
for a new East-West summit"
conference. the Soviet goal for
many months. opposed vigorously
ny Mr.. Dulles as useless.
The Foreign Minister'S address
was followed by a long and emo
tional speech by Mr.. KhruShchev.
The head man OF the Soviet sys-
tenn again called fatty for con-
ference at the summit Ito solve
all the problems that trouble hui
manity. including disarmament.
He also urged that the United
States and the Soviet Union sign
a "no-war" treaty.
Both speakers challenged the
SaAACo PoAACy VI uCoAAllB lIOul
strength" implying pointedly that
recent Soviet accomplishments had
made the concept obsolete. I'VE
tell the United States to abandon
itspolicy Of conditions Of strength,
said Mr.. Khrushchev. "let us solve
our problems by peaceful means
on the basis Of equality. Let us
outlaw war"
Throughout his remarks Mr..
Khrushchev emphasized his con-
tention that direct. bilateral talks
between the United States and the
Soviet Union are needed TO re-
solve the major problems beset-
ting the world. theme he has
been dwelling on since last sum-
mer.
But the Soviet leader ruled out
in advance any discussions on
either theological issues or, pre-
sumably. on the present political
situation In Europe. Firstly, We
must abstain from discussing
problems concerning theological
differences between our two sys-
Evening star., 1957-12-22
The Split

The cleavage between the Dulles
blueprints for NATO and the
serious views of several Western
European member nations was
evident on the first day Of the
conference. Immediately following
addresses by President Eisen-
hover and Mr.. Dulles. in which
the American proposals were set
forth, Einar Gerhardsen, Nor
ways Prime Minister. spoke
earnestly In favor Of a search for
a truce with the Soviet Union. He
was supported by Denmark's
Premier H. c. Hansen. and both
Norway and Denmark rejected in
advance missile bases on their
territories.
When Chancellor A Adenauer.
usually considered the most de-
pendable backer of American poll
icy In Western Europe, added his
voice to urge very thorough
study" of recent Moscow offers Of
peace talks, and British Prim
Minister Macmillan called for a
willingness in the West to discuss
outstanding issues with the Soviet
leaders, II was obvious that NATO
unity, MIR. Dulles first objective.
could be attained only by making
major concessions on the other
two. Only Turkey, the Nether-
lands, and Britain, for example,
backed the missile bases proposal
without reservations.
What Mr.. Eisenhower and Mr..
Dulles think the Paris meeting
Evening star., 1957-12-22

TENS. We must leave the solution
of these problems to the peoples
themselves. Secondly. we must
recognize the status quo. II West
ern states recognize this. it will
be easier to come together and to
solve our problems" he declared.
He derided Western charges
that recent Soviet proposals. were
propaganda. Yes. they are
propaganda. but it is propaganda
for peace and not for war" he
asserted.
After the Moscow speeches, the
Supreme Soviet adopted a resolu-
ton of its Committee on Foreign
Affairs Affirming the proposals
made prior to the NATO meeting
by Soviet Premier Bulganin. They
included a halt to the manufac-
ture of nuclear weapons; a ban
on nuclear testing after January
l. 1858; q neutral zone in Central
Europe from which nuclear arms
would be banned, and a nom
aggression pact between NATC
and Communist bloc nations in
Europe.
Secretary Dulles few back to
Washington yesterday after talks
with Spainis Generalissimo Fran
cisco Franco. He told the SPAN
ish Caudillo. he said. of the details
Of the NATO meeting. Establish
ment Of missile bases in Spain was
not discussed. he added. But he
had high praise for Spain's i'm
portant contribution" to NATO.
Opposition of several NATO ma
tions has prevented Spanish men,
bership in the alliance so far.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
Budget Is Hit

But when income drops below
previous expectations. as it did in
November. it's bad news to Uncle
Sans budget balancers. Last
summer. the Budget Bureau esti-
mated that the Governments in
come from taxes this year would
be $73.5 billion. But the estimate
was based on the expectation that
the big source Of taxes-personal
income-would total $344 billion
for calendar 1857. With the latest
drop. the annual rate now stands
at 81 billion under this figure
Furthermore, when the income
drop stems largely from an unem-
ployment rise, the cost Of jobless
benefits climbs accordingly Spe-
cifically. the recent unemployment
increase has meant rise of $3.50
million in the annual rate OF
unemployment benefits.
The November unemployment
figures were not expected to be q
peak for the winter months.
Continued on Page Asa
Evening star., 1957-12-22
THE WEEK IN PERSPECTIVE
The Wests Response

Historians like to identify GER
tain events. years. decisions or
incidents as turning points" In
the unfolding Of mans destinies.
At this or that point. say the
scholars. an era ended and new
one began.
But even for historians--who.
unlike journalists. have the benefit
Of hindsight---the selection Of
turning points" must be largely
arbitrary. Too many factors. peo-
pie and events enter the picture to
make possible the nomination OF
any one Of them as clearly that
one thing that signaled the end
or the beginning.
Last week the North Atlantic
Treaty Organizations Council
met In Paris, with IA heads-of-
state on hand to lend the prestige
Of their offices. Perhaps histori-
ans in future years will point 70
the Paris meeting as a turning
point in the power struggle be-
tween the Communist and the
nom Communist worlds. Or per-
haps a more realistic choice will
turn out 70 be October 4, 1857
the date OF the launching OF the
Soviet Unions first space satellite.
In any case. the NATO meeting
in Paris was a meeting at which
the first steps had TO be taken
toward a practical adjustment TO
the new Soviet archaeological
strength and its global iFnplica-
tion. 1t was not a ceremony or
rededication: rather was It a coun-
Gil Of elders faced with new and
foreboding challenges TO the sur
vival Of their peoples.
Whether they succeeded In
meeting the challenges. or even in
preparing to meet them. must re-
main an unanswered question for
the moment. But there were clari-
flcations Of many matters dis
cernible at Paris. and their sig
nificance. applied to policy. may
well bring to the NATO Council
sessions a greater Importance
than 1t appears to have today.
The importance Of the session
has already been certified by a
formal Kremlin response stressing
anew the Soviet view that the
real cold war issues must be set
tied by Russia and the United
States.
Evening star., 1957-12-22

on television and radio) on their
opinion Of the results Of the con-
ference.
The lengthy communique issued
at the close Of the Paris talks
presented in carefully chosen Ian
guage the cautious compromise.
In summary. it pledged:
. intermediate range ballistic
missiles TO be at the disposal of
the NATO command. but bases
to be located only in such nations
as agree to accept them.
. Stockpiles Of nuclear weapons
TO be set UP, again in such nations
as may agree. and subject to the
control Of the supreme allied
commander Cnow Gen. Lauris
Norstad Of the United States Air
Forcel.
. I'm m diate efforts toward
Standardization and integration
in NATO armed forces of equip
ment, composition. logistic sup
port, etc.
. Efforts TO reopen the now-mori-
bund disarmament talks. prefer
ably within the framework Of the
United Nations"
. ANY negotiations, preferably
within the framework Of the
United Nations. likely TO lead to
the implementation Of the pro-
poSals -
o Establishment Of a technical
group. with a new Office Of scien-
tiflc adviser, to coordinate re-
search and manufacture ''of mod
ern weanons. including medium
range ballistic missiles" and to
train specialists.
. A call on the Soviet Union TO
honor the pledge" made at
Geneva in 1855 for the reunifica-
ton of Germany through free
elections.
Thus the NATO Councils de-
cisions appeared to include the
main Dulles pointS--miSsiles and
unity-but left final arrangements
on missiles bases to negotiations
between the United States and the
individual member nations. And
on negotiations with the Soviet
Union. NATO decided-with re-
luctant American approval-to
make the attempt. But observers
pointed out that the Paris an
nouncement left the widest lati-
tude to any member nation in
deciding the extent Of compliance
with all parts Of the program
agreed on.
Emerging from the Paris talks
with a new prestige as result Of
his vigorous efforts to bring about
an agreement. West German
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer was
hailed in some quarters as the
new mentor who would bring
about a widening of NATO func-
tions. The agipg Bonn leader
aggressively pushed his views that
NATO must become a political
and economic alliance as well as a
purely military one. His activity
was credited largely with heading
of serious policy rift between
the United States and Western
Europe.
Evening star., 1957-12-22

Pentagon would seek an extra 81
billion in supplemental funds for
the current fiscal year. Most Of the
added money. Mr.. McElroy said,
would 60 for missile projects.
A top-secret special report to the
President on the military situation
Of the United States today-the
Gather Report-was the subject
Of much speculation. The report,
submitted to the National Security
Council last November. has been
described in several newspaper
stories as darkly pessimistic.
Leaks" to the press of the docu-
ment's purported contents paint
a dire picture of peril and disaster
unless a radical increase is made
in military spending. Increases Of
from So to $13 billion are said to
be urged by the report which was
the work OF q select group Of pm
vate citizens.
Activity at the missile test CEN
ter at Cape Canaveral. Fla. ives
brisk last week and several tess
devices we're fired. The Air Forces
intercontinental range missile, the
Atlas. was fired on Tuesday sue
cessfully." although it travelled
only q few hundred miles. Next
day an Army Jupiter" interme-
diate range missile flashed Un
from a launching pad. the flight
also successful but short Of its
goal because of technical dim
culties." And on Thursday the
Air Force launched a Thor
also an IRBM. and reported thai
1t flew its prescribed course and
landed in the pre-selected impact
area"
Military chagrin over the abor-
tive publicity buildups given some
previous tests, notably the Nays
Vanguard satellite failure earlier
this month. was reflected last week
in frightened security restrictions
at the Florida test site. A private
ly-owned beach some three miles
from the base was barricaded yes
terday to block newSmen. photog-
raphers and curious civilians from
observing test firings. Security"
was the reason. the Air Force said.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
First Two Attocked

The North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization was organized nine
years ago to be the Vests solu-
ton to the first two Of those prob
lens. 1t succeeded completely.
A defensive line was drawn on
the western side Of the Iron Cur
tain and the Communists were told
that if q Communist army crossed
that line Russia would be ami
hilated. The Communists did not
cross the line.
Behind this sheltering shield.
the peoples Of the Western coun-
tries could maintain democratic
governments and force native
Communists to be content with
whatever share of the govern
ment they could honestly win in
elections. Unlike the people of
Poland. Hungary and RusSian-oc-
cupied Germany. the Western
peoples could act in their own
interests without fear Of slaugh-
ter by q Communist neighbor.
But NATO itself did not at
tempt to deal with the other two
tasks. The North Atlantic alliance
was not used as an instrument for
securing the Vests f1anks. This
job was left to individual nations
within the Atlantic community.
These Iiations-the United States
and Britain in particular-joined
with the flank nations in other
security pacts-the Baghdad pact
ana various joint security ar
rangements with Middle and Far
Eastern. African and Latin Amer
lean countries. The fianks were
secured after a fashion but not by
NATO.
After this conference. NATO is
still not protecting the Vests
flanks. The job Of integrating the
views Of the non-Western coun-
tries. and of protecting the COM
mitments of Britain and America
in the rest Of the world, was more
than this conference could handle.
even though proposals to extend
NATO responsibilities were made
by Europeans.
The remaining task finding a
settlement to the cold war. was
left up TO now to the United Ma
tions. to various Big Three. Four.
Five or what have you meetings
and to traditional ambassador
to-ambassador diplomacy. Some
NATO nations were deeply in
volved in all this. but they did
not as q group approach Russia.