davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Airport responsibility

The reason given by Senator Holland
Of Florida for a subcommittee Every
great reluctance" to appropriate money
for second Washington airport is puz-
cling, to say the least. He indicated that
the Commerce subcommittee of which he
is chairman will not approve any airport
construction funds until the airlines have
informed the public of the adequate
service" at Friendship Airport at Balti-
more. But the services available at Balti-
more's airport, whether adequate or not,
have no real bearing on Washington's
urgent need for another nearby air ter
minal to relieve congestion at the old
National Airport.
There has been much testimony to
date to show that the travelling public
wants and should have second airport
within the Washington Metropolitan
Area-not one convenient to Baltimore.
The Civil Aeronautics Administration,
charged by Congress with the RESPONSE
bility of determining airport locations,
repeatedly has said that the new local
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Joseph R. Mccarthy

There is no purpose to be served at
this time in attempting an appraisal OF
Senator Mccarthy, the individual, dead
now at Al. More timely, is an examina-
ton Of Senator McCarthy's career-a
career which embodies, we think, fixed
law of political life.
A decade ago Senator Mccarthy was
almost unknown outside Of his native
Wisconsin, and he was a relatively minor
figure there. For three years in the
Senate, following his election in 1946,
he was the junior Senator from Wis
consin, and little more.
Then, in February, 1850, he made
a speech in Wheeling, w. Va, speech
in which he found an tissue" and began
his spectacular rise to international
prominence. This was the "card-carrying-
Communists" speech which touched of
his private war with the State Depart
ment, and which led to the investigation
by the Tydings Committee, the discred-
iting Of the accusations, the counter
charge of "whitewash," and, finally, to
the defeat of Senator Tydings.
In June, 1851, while the Alger Hiss
case and the Communist conquest Of
China ruled the headlines, came the
attack on General Marshall 10000
word speech which, by implication and
innuendo, actually impugned the loyalty
of that great American. Senator Nc
Carthy was on his way, and for three
incredible years he surged ahead. The
State Department, the Army, the CHA,
even the President himself, came under
the Mccarthy guns, and there were those
who thought that the Senator from Wis
consin might indeed be riding the wave
Of the future.
Behind this facade Of invincibility,
however, the law of political life was
beginning to assert itself. Senator
Mccarthy was overplaying his hand, and
his supporters, some credulous, some
merely bewildered, were beginning to
turn away. His first major mistake came
in 1858, when he denounced General
Zwicker, much-decorated combat vet
eran, as being mot At" to wear the
uniform. At about the same time he
made his televised broadcast in which
he directly challenged the Presidents
conduct Of his office. The Mccarthy
star began to decline, and a year later,
on December /, 1854, the Senate voted,
81 to 20, to censure Joseph Mccarthy.
From this, he was never able to
recover, and he gradually slipped back
into that relative political obscurity from
which he had emerged so spectacularly
a little less than five years before.
This, in its way, is a commentary
on our political system. 1t is a system
in which excess begets its own reaction.
In which the law Of compensation, in
the end, has always prevailed. At the
peak of Senator McCarthy's career 1t
was a law which seemed to be in sus-
pension. But public opinion, given the
facts and given time, restored the bal
ance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
OAR 'GoIo'

AS q descendant Of Patrick
Henry = also Of Col. Joseph
Winston. one Of the heroes Of
the Battle Of Kings Mountain
turning point in the Revolu-
tion)-I wish to concur with
Louise Evans Grogan in her
strong denunciation of the
OAR at their recent annual
meeting here.
When such an aggregation
Of supposedly representative
women allow their leaders to
schedule q gala and festive
banquet for Good Friday. and
1t is reported in newspapers
that they disported themselves
in relaxed and happy fashion
on this sorrowful day. 1t Is not
only shocking-it Is scandal
Gus! Good Christians through
out the land should protest
and demand the OAR respect
our Holy Week. by choosing
another time of year for their
goings-on. II they do not. our
country will be denounced by
all righteous followers Of the
Saviour. not only in America,
but throughout all Christen-
dom. a.
People Of other faiths will
lose all respect for Christians.
and their Revolutionary tradi-
lions, II this sort Of thing Is
allowed to continue.
Elizabeth winston.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Spring Cleanup

With thousands of spring visitors
here and thousands more to come during
the summer touring season, the cleanup
drive launched by sanitation and police
ofhcials is timely and deserving of public
support. Washington like most cities,
Is afflicted with that well-known pest,
the ntterbug, a species of human appar-
emily devoid Of civic pride and ignorant
Of the purpose of trash receptacles. These
careless individuals think nothing Of
tossing empty cans, bottles and other
rubbish onto park or other public prop
erty-including streets and sidewalks
Evidence Of their depredations is found
everywhere.
All of this sort of littering activity Is
against the law. Police Chief Murray is
to be commended, therefore, for ordering
his men to crack down on the litterbugs
and, in fragrant cases, to make arrests.
And he is right in stating that this should
be a continuing campaign, not Just a
seasonal cleanup movement. We agree
with Deputy Chief Bryant that while
the anti-trash drive may seem trivial to
some, the reputation Of the Nations Cap
ital as city Of beauty is at stake, The
cleanup enforcement order ought to be
taken seriously by officers in every
precinct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
They Deserve Better

It would be unfortunate II the cur
rent economy drive in Congress further
delayed legislation for the relief of the
older retired Federal employees. These
veterans Of Government service, some
Of them invaded by age or infirmities,
have been caught in the squeeze between
fixed annuities and rising costs Of living.
Annuities which were considered adequate
10 or 20 years ago now are pitifully small.
The Senate last year passed bill
which would have raised the annuities
of these older retired workers, but the
measure never reached the House floor.
Numerous bills with varying relief pro-
visions for the elderly annuitants have
been introduced at the current session,
but no hearings have been held and the
prospect of early action appears to be
slim. These former Federal careerists
deserve better treatment from the Gov
eminent they served faithfully and iona.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Goinq to the People

There is a growing belief that the
President intends to go to the people
for support in his fight with Congress
over his budget and his legislative pro-
gram. If this is correct. Mr.. Eisenhower's
of Women Voters shows what tight
spot he is in.
On the one hand, 1t is becoming in
creasingly clear that the President must
60 out and fight for his program. If he
doesn't, it is going to be manhandled in
Congress with respect to such
items as foreign aid, the school bill, civil
rights, etc. On the other hand. as the
text of the talk to the women voters
reveals, it is extremely difficult to present
the Presidents story in terms that are
sufficiently persuasive to stir up the peo-
pie and start them lighting fires under
their Congressman.
This was an impromptu talk and it
suffers accordingly-at least when it is
read the next day in print. The President
stayed away from the domestic questions,
combining his remarks to the foreign
problem which "overshadows everything
else" But when one reads his arguments
there is nothing new, nothing electrify-
ing, in them. AS presented in this talk,
they are not going to convince anyone
who is not already on the Presidents side
of the argument. And there is consider
able evidence that most people either
are on the other side or are massively
Indifferent. This is climate that is
favorable to budget cutting and tax
reduction-real or promised. It is not
a climate in which an embattled Presi-
dent serving his last term will find 1t
easy to go out and ring the bells and tell
the people.
We think the President is right in
his belief that an adequate program Of
foreign aid, both military and economic,
is essential to the future security Of the
United States. But the people have been
hearing this for 10 years. And they are
getting tired Of paying for it. II Mr.
Eisenhower is going to carry his case
to the country with any real prospect of
success, 1t Is going to be necessary for
him to come up with something a great
deal better than the speech to the women
voters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

Greet Senators

OF the Five Great Sena-
tors" to be chosen for the hall
OF fame, the triumvirate Of
Clay, Webster and Calhoun
seemed obvious.
Senator Edward Dickinson
Baker Of oregon and Senator
John c. Breckenridge Of Ken
lucky would have. In many
minds. been fitting to COM
plete the period.
Vision II you will the above
five great Senators. their por-
traits arranged after the man
ner Of our higher courts, Clay
in center. Webster on his
right, Calhoun on his left.
Baker on his extreme right,
and Breckenridge on extreme
left.
I would call the allegory:
Equal Honor. Equal Sacrifice.
of South and North"
Breckinridge, youngest man
ever to have served as Vice
President. and Baker. the
, great orator, both went from
the Senate floor TO breast the
perils Of battle.
Baker and Breckenridge ably
debated the whitehead issues
Of the hour. before their de-
parture. Baker died In battle
for the North: Breckinridge
became q brigadier general In
the South. and later held cab
met positions under President
Jefferson Davis at Richmond.
Brccklnridge was Defho-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
LoqicoI Location

The Board of Regents Of the Ma
tional Library of Medicine has decided,
quite logically, that the library should
remain in Washington, where 1t was born
and where it has grown into the largest
collection of medical literature in the
world. The decision puts an end to uncer-
tainty over the library's future location.
arising from misguided efforts to have
the institution transferred to Chicago
or to some place in Texas.
The preSsures from distant cities to
get possession of the library became so
strong some months ago that President
Eisenhower asked the regents to study
the question of a new home for the
library, including the best site for 1t. At
present the valuable collection is housed
in totally inadequate quarters at Seventh
street and Independence avenue South
west, where 1t formerly was known as the
Army Medical Library.
The board, finding that Federal
agencies are the principal users Of the
library, properly held that 1t should be
kept in a location convenient to the Gov
eminent departments and bureaus-es-
pecially the National Institutes of Health.
The new home will be built, therefore,
on the grounds Of the NH at Bethesda.
The library decision is in accord with
the previously announced decision to keep
the Armed Forces Medical Museum in
Washington. The library and the museum
long we're closely associated. Both are
badly in need Of new homes in order to
safeguard their priced possessions and to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
UNESCO Probes Fog-Shrouded Desert

A desert stepped in fog-the
1.300-mile-long strip of PERU
Wan coast between the Andes
and the sea-will be subjected
to special studies in the arid
lands project of the United
Nations Education. Scientific
and Cultural Organization
which seeks ways of redeem
ing for agriculture as much as
possible of the earth's surface.
An arid lands research sta
ton is being set up in this re-
gion with the aid of UNESCO.
The strip is Of particular in
terest because Psychologists
have found in it remains of
a complex agricultural civili-
zation based on rather adj
vanced irrigation methods de-
veloped by hydraulic engi-
neers Of the Incas. These en-
gineers overcame immense diff
f1culties to build hundreds of
miles Of canals which took
their water from so or more
miles in the interior, in the
heart Of the Andes foothills.
Desert Has Rivers
Curously, this strange des-
ert is traversed by rivers.
These produce GASES which
today constitute one of the
country's greatest sources of
wealth. Although only 3 per
cent Of the arid coastal belt
is cultivated-about 1,125, 000,-
900 acres-the output is great.
Their products constitute more
than half of all Peru's ex-
ports. Some of the Inca ca
mails still are in use. Others
have been demolished with the
abandonment of formerly cul-
tivated land.
In their developments the
Inca engineers made much use
OF subterranean water. Dur
ing the past few years this has
been tapped again. AS a re-
suit, in Southern Peru "planta-
tons have sprung UP like
mushrooms in the last three
years." says a UNESCO report,
land where all was sand and
desert the waters of the sub
soil have enabled many acres
to be planted with cotton"
At one place, the report
says. 400 wells have been sunk
in the last 10 years.
How can water exist be-
meath the apparently arid sur
face?" asks the report. Some
is produced by the infiltra-
ton of rivers that come down
from the Andes and some by
the heavy fogs. typical of this
part of the coast, which con-
dense and seep into the soil.
The Peruvian Coast, al
though so uniform in appear
ance. has very varied weather
conditions. In the north the
extreme dryness Of the at
mosphere contrasts with the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Middle East Views
A. w. Lanerty.

Dorothy Thompson makes
this charge against the Israeli
occupation forces in GAIA:
There is also available a
special report by the director
of the UNRWA in the Near
East. covering November /.
1856. to mid-December, the
first IS days of Israeli occupa-
ton Of GAIA. during which
452 Arabs are known by trust
worthy sources to have been
killed"
To keep the record straight
as to what actually happened
during the occupation Of Cana
with respect to Miss Thomp-
sons charges. I should like to
call to the attention Of your
readers an article entitled,
Letter to a Teacher in Gaza,"
which appeared in the Satur-
day Review Of February 9.
1857, written by its editor and
publisher. Norman Cousins, an
impartial and very competent
observer Of world affairs.
1t appears that a school,
teacher had charged to Mr..
Cousins that the Jewish au-
thorities had closed the
schools" and then went on to
state that the women in GAIA
had been attacked by Jewish
soldiers: that they had forced
their way into the Arabian
homes. Mr.. Cousins in the let
ter which was published in full
in his magazine. went on to
state:
"You will recall that before
leaving the camp. gave you
my name and address and
asked for yours. You said you
would not give 1t to me but
said that II I addressed you
simply as 'Schoolteacher,
Beach Camp. GAIA. my letter
would reach you. I asked you
how many teachers there were
and learned that there dozens,
but you assured me that this
would make no difference.
Il write this letter to you.
to tell you what I found out
after We said goodbye. When
I got back in the car, David
Solomon refrained from COM
ment on what / had been told
but asked me II I would care
TO speak to the United Nations
people who were In charge of
the camp and in a good posi-
ton TO know what was hap
pening. / assured him Of my
eagerness in this respect.
After a few minutes we
drove into the compound of
the United Nations Relief and
Welfare Agency headquarters
for the Arab refugee settle
ments. The Administrator
was Colonel Roy Lucas Of New
Zealand. We discovered we
had mutual friends in the
United Nations; indeed, that
two Of them had been married
at my home In the United
States.
Colonel Lucas leaned back
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

airport should be built at Burke, Virginia,
chosen as the best available site after
long elaboration. The CAA recently
reiterated its preference for the Burke
site after again rejecting location in
the Belmont Bay section of Prince Will
liam County. That Congress should con-
tinue to ignore the authoritative advice
Of the CAA while turning its gaze toward
distant Friendship is distressing dem
onstration of legislative responsibility
in a matter in which public safety and
convenience are involved.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

humidity Of the subsoil ana
causes vast areas to be covered
with steppe-like irrigation.
Further to the south, particu-
larly in the central coastal
region around Lima. clouds
hide the sun during several
months Of the year and create
the paradox Of an arid land.
with very little rain. where the
atmosphere is perpetually sat-
urated with moisture. Still
further south the sun reigns
supreme and the dryness
reaches a maximum. The
White City Of Arequipa at
the foot of three extinct
snow-capped volcanoes is the
capital of this land Of the sun.
THE aridity of these areas
of Peru is caused largely by
the Humboldt Current, cold
current which flows north
ward up the coast and also
by the cold sea water which
rises to the surface from a
great depth along the coast
of Peru. The effect is to make
the climate of this sub-tropical
region colder than it would be
otherwise and cause the arid
ity. It is not a true desert,
however. for most Of the soil
along the coast would yield
excellent returns if its thirst
were quenched with a little
water. Much can be done to
transform a considerable part
Of this arid zone into q pro.
ductive region.
Wealth Of Sea Life
THE exceptionally cold
coastal waters are also the
reason for the amazing wealth
of sea life along the coast Of
Peru. It is the incredible,
though not inexhaustible, rich
ness Of these waters that sat-
isles the voracious appetite
of the thirty to forty million
birds which swarm there and
produce the valuable fertilizer
known as guano."
The productive output Of the
coastal belt. says the report,
is only a fraction Of what it
might be if modern techniques
for utilization of arid areas
were employed. There are,
however, many problems to be
solved and much further re-
search is needed. Geographical,
climatic and neurological sur.
veys must be undertaken and
thorough study made of the
different soils and their char
acteristics, of the underground
water resources, and of the
winds as a source Of power.
In the Arid Zone Research
Institute, which is being set
up as a cooperative enter
prise Of the Peruvian govern.
ment and UNESCO, all
branches Of arid zone research
in this part of the world win
be coordinated,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Jamestown SelectiYitY

Every day or so there crops
up in the news the name of
another distinguished vir-
ginian who has been invited
by Gov. Stanley and the
Chamber Of Commerce through
clerical error" to the celebra-
ton in Richmond Of the 350th
anniversary Of the settlement
at jamestown of the first per-
manent English colony.
! thought that the purpose
Of inviting the distinguished
persons was to give recognition
to the progress and achieve
ment Of such persons, and that
the reason for using who's
Who" as a guide was to make
sure that they are distin-
guished.
It would be fitting to realize
and accept the fact that
to this same colony at James,
town came the ancestors
Of the "unwanted invited"
who gave their services free to
the development and progress
Of Virginia and other parts of
the United States. II would
be a credit TO Virginia to &C
knowledge that in this great
country of ours 1t has been
possible for people who only
81 years ago were emancipated
to have distinguished them
selves in various fields Of en-
deavor so as to be eligible for
, listing In Who's Who" It
would present q much prettier
picture TO the world Of the
real United States than the
"bungling" made by those re-
sponsible for sending out the
invitations for the jamestown
celebration.
Ada 2. Colemq.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

They eat their food raw, but
can take it cooked. too.
So coconut cake, and other
goodies.
Don't forget the birds, when
there is a cookie session at
home.
Cookies are an old-fashioned
article children used to love.
Maybe they do today, but
certainly one doesn't hear so
much about il, since cafe
mated soft drinks won the suf-
frages Of the small fry.
Saw a 2-year-old baby
drinking a coke the other day
and he seemed to like it very
much, thank you.
In the old days. 1t was Q
cooky, or cookie, often in ami
NAL shape.
Children were taught about
animals through their food.
Animal crackers made an
other fine dish, not as sweet
as cookies.
Did you know that Sir Ed
ward Coke, the great lawyer
Of Elizabeth's day, called his
name Cook" not Coke?
Anyway, that is what some
say, and no doubt they are
right.
General acceptance Of the
pronunciation just as 1t looks
to us today-Coke-will be the
rule. we suspect.
OF course, nobody ever
knows how to pronounce an
English name unless he knows.
Cholmondeley is pronounced
Chumley; Talliaferro is pro-
nounced Tulliver. And there
are many, many, many more.
+
Rev. N. s. wants to know II
robins, endowed with instinct,
and maybe some brains get
drunk on berries Of the china
tree in spring?
Yes. they do, sometimes, not
knowing the difference be-
tween fermented and infer
mented berries, evidently.
He says that some one told
him that q frog would swal-
low large lead shot II they
were rolled to him on a plank.
This may be true. The
creatures are fooled into think
ing they are food. It might
swallow so much 1t could not
jump. A very cruel trick.
Mostly. however. the wild
creatures keep clear of mans
foolishness.
The frog is fooled by the
motion. thinking the rolling
lead a live thing. since it pre-
fers live food.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
BRIDGE Delay

Commissioner THOMAS A.
Lane is quoted as saying. "Un-
less Congress spells out a
changed attitude. the District
should build the Constitution
avenue bridge as planned since
1854 and already authorized
by law" In this statement. !
wholeheartedly concur.
The only reason for delaying
construction Of the bridge as
previously authorized was to
seek a slight change in loca-
ton so that the bridge would
cross the lower tip Of Roosevelt
Island. but when the District
government went back to
Congress to secure the slight
change in location. the Ma
tional Capital Parks and
others attempted to secure the
enactment Of legislation sub
shutting q four.lane tunnel
for the six-lane bridge. And
so. in 1o57-three years later
we are still debating the
question Of what type Of ia
cility this river crossing should
be when legislation authoriz-
ing the construction Of a
bridge has been on the books
since August 30, 1854.
Nothing could be more APP
parent than the fact that
traffic crossing the Potomac
River has reached the point
where further delay In the
construction of a bridge is un-
thinkable. If Congress does
not act at once. the District
Commissioners should proceed
under the authority already in
effect and provide the motor
lists Of this area with q new
river crossing as already
authorized.
LeVerne johnson.
Manager. American Auto
mobile Association.