davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
East Germans
Are Hif Hard b,
Money Switch

BERLIN. oct. II tH1.-west-
ern ofilcials said today that the
East German Communist re-
gime's blitz changeover Of cur
rency threatens TO wipe out
millions Of East marks held BY
the satellites population.
East Germans who tucked
away their savings rather than
trust the Communist banks
were hard hit by the Red gov
ernment's surprise order yes
terday TO turn In the old cur
rency for q new issue.
The government paid out
cash only up TO 800 marks
about SIG at the Western ex-
change rate.
The balance. the Reds said.
would be made available from
banks starting next Saturday
But West Berlin and allied
officials said the terms Of the
Red DEGREES made plain that
the old marks would not be
honored unless the holders
could certify in detail where
the money came from.
Under the Communist econ
omy Of rationing and scarcity.
millions Of farmers, workers
and small businessmen have
gone in Tor Illegal trade. The
Reds pointedly announced that
the currency switch was de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

Second, q law has been
passed saying that people from
East Germany must get a per-
NIT to stay in West Germany.
Only seven per cent don't get
1t. but even they are not sent
back to East Germany. They
are allowed to stay on in spe-
cial camps. Most are adven-
turersa whom German off,
cials say are not serious
about settling down in West
Germany. q few are convicted
criminals and q few are spies.
Prom those who come 70
West Germany. officials here
have learned enough to be con-
WINGED that the people Of East
Germany are consciously stay
ing on under the Communist
regime as q matter Of patriotic
duty.
Ninety I'VE per cent Of the
East German population Is still
anti Communist. according to
West German estimate.
Those who leave often have
developed great anxiety COM
plexes about their economic
condition. or about their con-
ilicts Of conscience.
Some eannot accept q situa-
ton where their children must
be trained in communism. They
eenn0t openly counter the
Communist training. however,
for fear Of endangering their
who'll fenily
As q consequence. many
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

families in East Germany now
have what are called double
tongued" children who speak
one way in school and another
in the privacy Of their homes,
Teachers have an even
greater conflict Of conscience
and more Of these are now
leaving East Germany. The
Reds made special efforts to
weed out non Communist
teachers. but West German Of
ficials say they pissed many,
Judges In same Fix
Among these. however. many
are now deciding they cannot
train children in an theology
they do not respect.
Judges who. under commu-
nism. must make decisions on
q basis Of political convenience
rather than legality. had the
same problem. but most of
them are already IN West Ger
many. According TO officials
here. all East German Judges
are now reliable party men.
Half the refugees fleeing
from East Germany these days
are oder Is years old. Many
conn kithout their families. in
the / Ope Of starting q new life
In freedom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

former German territories and
some IS million refugees from
East Germany is frequently
stressed by officials here.
The refugees and those ex-
PEELED represent % per cent of
the whole West German popu-
lation. but there is no unem-
ployment problem except In
West Berlin.
The refugees and the expelled
could have become q political
problem Of major proportions.
Q nucleus Of despair and ex-
tremisrn inside West Germany,
ss the Soviet Union apparently
intended.
They could have come in such
numbers that East Germany
vas depopulated and ripe for
colonization either by Poland
or Russia, as North Korea Is
being coIonized by Communist
China.
Basic Law Cited
It Is a matter Of German
basic Law that each German
citizen has the right to choose
his home within his state. In
the special circumstances Of
tl1e cold war. however. two
limits have been placed on this
right.
First, the West German Gov
Grpment appeals TO the people
I'll East Germany TO stay on
there as long as possible. to
avoid the depopulation Of East
Germany Or too great economic
pressure on West Germany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

currency would become value
less at 8 pm.
Mr.. Grotewohl declared that
the lightning changeover was
aimed at making worthless the
millions Of East marks held BY
Whist he called espionage or
ganizations and spectators In
West Berlin and West Ger
many.
While armed police and SOL
diers virtually sealed on the
satellite nation from its neiRh-
bors. the giant conversion oper-
alton at a rate Of one to one
was csrried through by about
midnight. k,N
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

up by their officers. Most said
they are through with their
Marine careers when their en-
Hstments are up.
Reporting the charges today.
the Navy said the Is face
court martial on from 3 to
81 counts.
An investigation record. sign
ed by the Marines own COM
manding officer accuses the
Marine guards Of assaulting
two prisoners with a bayonet,
ordering a prisoner to have a
bowel movement in front OF
others and igniting lighter fluid
under him, ordering a man to
wash his face In a toilet. push
ing a pencil up a prisoners
nose, burning a prisoner with
. cigarette butt. plucking hairs
from one mans mtistache, wet
ting men down with hoses and
q fire extinguisher. threatening
prisoners with a shotgun and
pistols, ordering one to act like
4 dog and bite other personnel
and numerous cases of slap
ping, punching and kicking.
Testimony and statements
from q sailors and four Ma
rines - including one of the
men charged who also served
time as a prisoner - led TO
charges being signed Septem-
Der IL by Maj. Haskell c. Baker
Of Atlanta, Ca. Marine COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

signed to wipe out this kind
lot illegal speculation"
West German experts esti-
mated that the Communists
would mop up around one bill
lion OF the estimated I'VE bill
lion East marks boarded or in
circulation. Allied ofIicials said
the East German regime ap-
|parently hoped this would put
Ia brake on the steady imitation
plaguine the Red economy.
Premier Otto 0rotewohI
went on the air at 8 am. and
sent the population scurrying
to currency conversion booths
with q warning that the old
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
West Absorbing 7 900
East Germans q Week
b. Earl n. vOss

BERLIN By Air AfaiD-The influx Of refugees from East
to West Germany has been increasing agao about 1000
week Fecentlyand the most incredible of assma
ton goes with little fuss, here or obroad
The significance of the West Germans in absorb
ing million expelled from Polish administered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
- 49, u
is Marines in japan
Foce Cruelty Trials

sASEBO. Japan. Oct II CP-sixteen United States Ma
nes facing general charges Of istreang
prisoners in the Navy brig here but they they only
enforcing discipline.
Some Of them they have been vctmzed by cy baby
COMPLAINTS but bitterness that they backed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
LOST

LOST
BOXEn, brown, 2 black SpofS On head
tail clipped, . mos.i ans % 'sTippyS
reward Ii. 6-4165.
nRAcELET. antique silver, flexible, mr.
HEW Bldg, WOodies or Arl bus Re.
ward sun. and ewes. IA. 5-5OfI.
BROOCH, sold. half moon with owl. sci
with stones; in downtown area Sat
liberal reward 4424 Reservoir I'd
CAT, tiger. brown. in Rock creeI
Garden area reward. 22l2 colstor
car, lge;. male, BIZ. and white. whit
named Carmel" ia. g-s463.
DOG chihuahua. male, fawn color
LOST vie. 25th and Military I'd, N
Arlington; reward. ia. 2-6092.
no0, boxer, faWn. eolored. unsexed
lost October 10. vic. Broad and Weal
a. all cS chISg chi. Held" pet u
DOG, German, short hair pointer, IL,
e.. a Aaiins e H rs1srd loi 81 sisdi
DOG: DoodIs: brown female, yelIoy
dren very upset reward for informa.
s sl9e Isad nnt s!csohi' recovery. wo
DOG, Irish setter, red. male. With Nd
TAGS; lost vic. Duke st., Alexandria
reward. XII. s-0S57.
DOG, collie. sable. white; Vic. Com.
monwealth and Reed ayes, Alex, We
answers to Nike: reward. XII
DOG collie Enelish shepherd, female
tan and white, Lie. No. iS457 az
In Beltsvilie. WE, B-4S3O.
DOG. mixed breed, short hair, tar
and white, medium size. male; ans
TO "Duke3 reward, Ju. BLISS.
DOGS, black and tan and / redbon,
hound Charles County Md; vic o.
Penyln Oct Z collar No. AGO. reward
BOG, thoroughbred, female, collie
vic. Silver Bpring. answers 70 Dale
% mos. old; reward. ~ s-690o
PARAkEET, blue; Hillandale section
Silver Spring. Nd HE, 4-2J5O.
PIN--.Deslgn, birds on fence: dia
mond and pearl aetting. Reward
BOX 20O.G, star
HOObLEs, i, black and white. shaggy
female; other. male, black and brown
mos. HI. a-btbo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

BOXER, brown, 2 black SDofS on head
tai clipped, . mos ans 10 'srippy"
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
Wien Airlines

From Fairbanks: Jack Muller, Don Olson, Eva Beckolok, Laura Jones, Larry Scull, J. J. Parrish, and Weyer.
 To Fairbanks: Helen Rogers, L. C.. Read, Mrs. John Ritter, E. A. Hazelwood, Engway Skillingberg, Horace Jimenez, Ronald Williams, Stanley Sobocenski, Glen Shaffer, Charles Powers, Maynard Peck, and Virgil Olberding.
 From Kotzebue: Davis Sock pick.
 To Kotzebue: Grace Smith. Ben Swan, Delbert Wells, Archie Adri- an, Grace Wells, and Harold Pill cher.
 To Galena: Frank Cowden and John Hutney.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
Young Scientist
 Took Own Life On Alaska Glacier

1 FAIRBANKS, R-A brilliant young scientist who died last Monday high on an arctic glacier in northern Alaska was reported Saturday to have lain down in the snow lightly clad seeking self destruction.
 pr. Richard c. Hubley's death was ascribed to suicide by How ard F. Currie, commander of the Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory at Ladd Air Force Base here.
 Currie said the 31-year old geol- ogist simply walked away from the glacier camp wearing only the lower part of a suit of winter underwear and his boots.
 Two hundred yards from the hut where he and three fellow scientists had lived since April, Hubley lay down in the snow and permitted himself to freeze to death, Currie said.
 Hubley, a University of Wash ington graduate who had been living in Washington, DC, was coordinator of all this country's glacial research in the Northern Hemisphere as part. of the Inter national Geophysical Year.
 The lonely camp where Hubley died is only 50 miles south of Bar ter Island, in the Arctic Ocean, and 67 miles west of the Canadian boundary.
 Hubley, unmarried, is the son of c. Carleton Hub1ey, Tacoma.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
WEATHER FORECAST

Compiled by The us. Dept. of Commerce Weather Bureau Cloudy and cooler tonight with snow tonight and Tuesday. Low est temperature expected tonight 20, high Tuesday 32.
 Nome data last 24 hours as of ' am. today: Precip. .O4 in. High temperature Al, low 25. Maximum wind II mph. from the NE. Sun rise at 7:57 a.m., sunset 3:32 pm.
 Temperatures a year ago today: high Is, low 5. Extremes this date since. 1907: high 48 in 1928, low 10 in 1908.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
Alaska Airlines

From Anchorage: Gordon Mey- CTS, l.. J. Smith, L. F. Oliver Dewey Goodrich, E. c. Sockwell, Ray Okie, Julie Weber, Kelly Weiss, Chester Miller, Taylor Mo- to, Bob Jacobs, Jack Turzoyluke, Nick Timothy, Willard Adams, Ray Lee, Frank Luther, Melvin Ingram, Frank Boyd, Bruce Free man, Alonzo Schweers, Billy Beu- nett, Wayne Barbour, C.. Toustad, and William Burton.
 To Anchorage: Henry Nelson, George Ellis, Robert Wahsuta, E.. Clark, Jack Simpson, John Apan- galook, William Schroeder, Jim Brown, Robert Jacobs, w. l.. Crowley, A. Lumbus, Henry Yan- cey, Amos Alexander, J. E. flaw kins, Sgt. Leo King, Frank Morris, R. E. Riley, Howard Smart, E. L. Hubbard, James Kitzinger, Mrs. Andrew Kalerak, Eugene Telea- kuk, MT. and Mrs. Jim Larson and family, Kelly Weiss, and Chet Miller.
 To McGrath: Sig Krogstad.
 From McGrath: John Kakaruk and Ray Luke.
 To Unalakleet: Keith Anagick, Charlie Auliye, Abraham Anagos- ak, and Fred Dewey.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
Improvement Seen in Availability of Mortgage Financing for Homes

PHILADELPHIA, R Federal Housing Commissioner Norman P. Mason indicated Saturday there may be some improvement soon in the availability of mortgage financing for homes.
 T do not think easy money is in the cards for the immediate future," Mason said, ''but I do think there may be improve ment."
 In a speech prepared for the National Retail Lumber Dealers Assn, Mason said There is no question about there being a mar ket for houses today. Never was there time when more people had incomes that make home ownership possible. They sell themselves when the quality is good and the financing is sound"
 Mason said the housing indus try is faced with the challenge ot providing large volume of homes priced within the range oi the average family's income and financed with long-range safety features.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
50 Persons Injured
 In Six Vehicle Pileup; Fantastic Say Police

HOO, England, R-Fifty per sons were hurt Saturday in a six vehicle pileup which police of ficially recorded as fantastic"
 Three buses, two automobiles and a motorcycle tangled in Hoo, southeast of London. Two of the 50 persons injured were hurt ser- iously.
 Police were unable immediately to unravel enough evidence to learn how it happened.
The Nome nugget., 1957-11-04
Pan American Airways

o11 11N1xS1 HOtzH1 11x1 Vuyo
 Departing: Jerry Carol, Art Johnson, Phil Willett, Mrs. w. Futile, Mrs. Rose Silver1nan, and Miss Wilson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
Lancaster Replaces Py|es
In County 6. O. P. Post

Carlyle J. Lancaster, States
attorney for Prince Georges
County from 1851 through 1855.
has been appointed a member Of
the county's Republican State
Central Committee to succeed
Carlton Pyles.
Mr.. Pyles, chairman Of the
seven-member committee, re-
signed at a meeting last night
in his Office in Silver Hill.
The other six members de-
ferred selection Of a new chair
man.
Mr.. Pyles offered his resig-
nation, he said, because of other
business. He heads an auto
mobile firm in Silver Hill, is in
the real estate business and is
chairman of the Maryland Ma
tional Capital Park and Plan
ming Commission.
Miss Laura Mulrooney Of
Cheverly, vice chairman of the
committee. took over as acting
chairman and indicated she
would call a meeting in the next
week or 10 days to elect a new
chairman.
Among those in the running
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
RocioI Tolerance Plea
Heard by Episcopo|ions

teach "the truth upon which this
Republic was founded"
Will End Today
Some 800 clerical and lay dele
gates will wind up the three-day
convention today.
Delegates. elected yesterday to
attend the next General Con-
vention of the Episcopal Church
in Miami Beach, october SILT.
1858, will be announced today as
will the eight members of a
standing committee and dele
gates chosen to attend the Pro-
vincial Synod next October in
Washington. They also were
named yesterday.
The convention also will re-
ceive a proposed 1857 budget of
$379,5 500 which Bishop Powell
said was pared generally to min
imum need and below in some
|categories because of the limited
outlook for funds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
Here's why you'll enjoy smooth riding comfort
for years to come on modern ASPHALT hiehwa,

Look how these highways built from the ground up!
They're engineered for rugged constructed stand
up under today heavy traffic load designed make driv
ing pleasure for you for years
And what pleasure driving is modern Asphalt highways
No other paving material quiet relaxing
smooth ride The seamless surface has expansion joints
play Of thump thump thump
your your The traffic stripes easier
help you drive safely. And Asphalt absorbs glare
spares your eyes the strain Of bright reflections In winter
months, and ice melt quickly your way ahead clear
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06

Ia removal Of this bookkeeping
-problem.
The suburban district long has
been considered a strong deter
rent to expansion Of existing
municipalities and to creation Of
new ones.
Countrywide Basis
Under the Reese proposal the
income tax tagged for the SUBJ
urban District which is now re-
Istricted to road construction and
maintenance, would go into the
county's general fund.
Mr.. Reese recommended that
the race track receipts and the
gasoline and motor vehicle tax
receipts be used exclusively for
roads on countrywide basis.
The admission tax and BUSH
ness licenses receipts would also
go into the general fund. Now
restricted to Suburban District
use, they would offset the cost
the county would have to main
tain in running the two county
service buildings in Bethesda
and Silver Spring, Mr.. Reese
said.
The council yesterday also
voted 4 to 2 to urge the Mont
Igomery delegation to support a
doubling of the State rate on re-
cording deeds.
Mr.. Reese said this would
bring in an additional 5000 900
a year.
Other Action
In other action, the council:
Authorized the opening Of bids
on a Sc million bond sale for 2
pm. February 10.
/ Heard hopes expressed by its
bond counsel. Richard Case, that
the bonds will be sold at less
than a 4 per cent interest rate.
| Provided $1,000 to help pay
for an addition to the Garrett
Park library.
Delayed until next week the
setting of a public hearing on a
proposed ordinance to control
excessive smoke and air pollu-
ton.
Urged the county delegation
at Annapolis to support legis-
Ilation providing for a survey of
the Montgomery-Prince Georges
County line.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
School Bus Sion
Law Proposed
For All Towns
BY GENE GOODWIN
Star star Correspondeut

ANNAPOLIS. Feb. GA bill
was ready for introduction in
the Maryland House Of Delegates
today to require that traffic must
stop for school buses when they
ARE loading or unloading any
where In Prince Georges County.
Present State law exempts all
municipalities of more than
5 900 persons from that require
ment. Several of the % munich
Ipalities in Prince Georges
County exceed 5000 population.
Delegate Hervey G. Machen.
Democrat Of Prince Georges, said
the bill is being sponsored by his
county's delegation. He said it
would apply only to Prince
Georges and would not alter the
exemption applying to other
Maryland municipalities Of more
than 5000 persons. Making 1t
Statewide would assure its de-
feat, Mr.. Machen feels.
PTA Request
The change was requested by
the County Council Of PTAs.
Meanwhile. Prince Georges and
Montgomery legislators today
were studying the complete Ia
bill package requested this year
by the Washington Suburban
Sanitary Commission through its
special legislative counsel T.
Howard Duckett. Mr.. Duckett
sent the last eight measures to
Annapolis yesterday.
Included among them is the
most drastic Of the IA measures
the one seeking to abolish the
ancient front-foot benefit sys-
tenn by which home-owners now
pay for their water and sewer
extension on the installment
plan over a 40-year period.
The bill would provide that.
after January /. 1861. developers
pay cash for water and sewer
extensions. The cost. Of course,
would be passed on to the home
owner in his purchase price. The
measure would allow a 20-year
installment plan for the in
dividual home builder and those
woo have applied for water and
sewer service prior to July /,
1857.
Introduction Pending
! None Of the IA measures has
yet been introduced and prob
ably will not be until considera-
lion at a joint Montgomery
Prince Georges meeting.
i Three Prince Georges dele
yates-Mr. Machen, Ernest A.
Loveless. jr., and Carlton r.
Sickles conferred in Upper
Marlboro yesterday with four of
the five Seventh Judicial Circuit
Judges and county Trial Magis-
trates Grover l.. Small and Nita
Hinman Crane about the pro-
posed juvenile court bill.
Chief Judge John B. Gray and
Circuit Court Judges Charles c.
Marbury and John r. Fletcher
for Prince Georges and J. Dud-
ley Digges for Charles County
reiterated their opposition to
creation. Of a Prince Georges
Juvenile court as an arm of the
Circuit Court until new court
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06

The Suburban District at pres
|ent receives a share Of the State
distribution of income tax. race
track and gasoline and motor
vehicle tax receipts and also the
proceeds Of a special levy Of 10
cents per of 500 of assessed val
uation on all real property in
the district.
The Suburban District is a
section subject to special taxes
for road construction and MAIN
Itenance. street cleaning. tree
planting. and street lighting.
Special Taxing Area
Mr.. Reese proposed that the
council create a special taxing
area to handle the suburban
services exclusive of street prof.
ects.
He said elimination Of the dis
trict would mean no tax relief
for residents.
The manager said the present
setup provides a bookkeeping
headache for the county that i,
a virtual physical impossibility'
to maintain.
He commended elimination Of
the district would result only In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
Ruling Is Asked
On MoryIond's
Film Censorship

ANNAPOLIS, Feb. 6 (R.-Tht
Court of Appeals was asked yes
terday to define "obscene" mat
ter and to rule on the constitu-
tionality Of Maryland's censor.
ship law.
The high court got the ques-
lions in an appeal by the State
Board of Motion Picture Censors
from a Baltimore court decision
In the lower court, Judge
Joseph r. Byrnes had reversed
the boards order that certain
scenes be eliminated from the
motion picture, Naked Anna
zon," before it could be shown
in Maryland.
The censors had ordered the
elimination Of all scenes in which
natives appeared with their
bodies nude below the waist.
The board had banned the
scenes on the ground they were
obscene" The ruling said: The
showing of nudity in a
do-documentary is cal
culated to arouse sexual desires
of substantial bers of
people"
The film had been passed by
the Motion Pictures Association
of America. formerly known as
the Hayes Office.
Judge Byrnes. who viewed the
entire film once and the elimi-
mated scenes twice. held that the
scenes did not fall within the
prohibition of the censorship
act.
The appeals Judges did not
view the film but heard argu-
nfeiits from Both sides before
taking the case under advise
ment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-06
SENATOR GOODMAN
HINTS BILL A DAY
CAN WIN ELECTIONS
BY q Star STAFF Correspondent

ANNAPOLIS, Feb. g.
State Senator Philip H.
Goodman, Baltimore City
Democrat, said he likes to
see his good works publi-
cized."
That was his answer yes
terday to Gliding by his fell
low Senators that he tries
to get his name in the news
papers too often. They sug-
gested that publicity is his
motive for earning the COR
rider title of "Bill-a-Day
Goodman"
If anyone has a passion
for anonymity" Senator
Goodman said to the Sen
ate, lust tell the press and
I'm sure they'll leave your
name out.
"You work your side Of
the street, and I'll work
mine. Everybody gets
elected in his own way"