davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Slams of Trouble in France

The Illustration and disgust
with the way things are go
ing, noticeable in the past
among reservists, are said to
be spreading to the young
drafteeS. But what is far more
important and may play a
major role in the immediate
future of France and the
NATO is the fact that the
professional soldiers mon
commissioned and commits
stoned officers) who form the
hard core of the defense force
are disguised and receptive to
a change. The French Army
used to be called La Grande
Muette" (the great silent one)
because it was completely out
side politics. How long this
description will continue is
. hard to foresee.
officers who enter profess
sional military life. not be-
cause it is just another career,
but because of patriotism, feel
that they have become Sec
ond-class citizens insofar as
their prestige with the people
is concerned. The poor pay
formerly was partly COM
pensated for by the standing
of the uniform in the COM
munity. Now military men are
looked on as incompetent lead
ers and loafers.
Military men also find fire.
quently that in order to rise in
rank they must play along
with frequently INSCRIPTIONS
politicians. Only a small mi
nority of st. Cyr (French West
Point) graduates are willing
to play that game. The French
may be mercurial and volatile,
but they are intense patriots.
The military professionals feel
strongly that they personally
and the whole nation have had
a raw deal from the selfish
politicians who pollute
Frances national life. And
they are getting ready to do
something drastic about it.
A settlement of the Algerian
question in accordance with
the views of outsiders"
(meaning the United Nations)
may be the signal for a seri-
Gus upheaval in France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Justice Reeds Retirement

Roosevelt packing" bill.
Ironically, after that ended
all the fuss, there came a sue
cession of vacancies so that in
the end President Roosevelt
was able to pack" the court
legally by appointments which,
in time. produced 1.-The Roose-
welt Court"
In that other era 20 years
ago, the court came under fire
from liberal reform elements.
led by President Roosevelt.
who believed social and eco
nomic changes were essential
to protect the public interest
in our industrial. mass-pro-
duction. machine-age society.
Today, in its indignation deci-
sions, the court is staunchly
supported by many of those
who fought it bitterly 20 years
ago because of its economic
and social attitudes.
Today the issues at stake are
civil rights, and the courts
attitude has aroused a whole
section of the Nation - the
South which is resisting
changes in traditional customs
as bitterly. perhaps more so.
than the economic and social
reforms were resisted 20 years
ago by some of the court and
many of our people and a
sizeable part of he Republican
Party and a section also of the
Democratic Party. chiefly in
the South.
There is one difference.
Then the court was badly split,
with numerous 5-4 decisions
on social and economic reform
issues. Today it is unanimous
in its decisions aimed to give
equal rights in the fullest
sense to a minority of our
people. But, despite that
solid front, the court is under
heavy fire, and especially the
Chief Justice who. like his
predecessor of that other con-
troversial period, is a Repub-
lican.
In the long roll of history
the Eisenhower Court" may
loom bigger than the Eisen-
hover administration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike asks Congress to let $4,000 refugees year into
the country Europeans srawng the walls "Say home
Yank We're all coming there"
Broadway notes Mayor Robert Wagner again declined
the leading role in the hit show King
One fellow deducting all his from his income
tax gambling loss He gambed ahead of the
Government-and lost.
Justice Stanley Reed of Kentucky leaves Supreme Court
He's expected to retire in the North In Dixie they Supreme
Court justices for breakfast.
Defense Secretary Charlie Wilson make Al-American
tackle on the Eisenhower team but he'll make
Guard.
One fellow applied for unemployment compensation
of unfair competition He developed nsomnia-and he
in the business of day-dreaming.
Only will fit Republican presidential
nominee II like Ike-and Ike likes me"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
.bi-RaciaI Farm
Is Shot at Again

AMERICUS. Ga, Feb. 2 (P.-
Another shooting incident has
been reported at Koinonia Farm,
IA bi-racial community about
eight miles southwest of Ameri-
Gus.
Clarence Jordan. treasurer of
the farm, said that between 10
and II shots were fired into farm
buildings last night from two
cars.
One bullet went through a
window and narrowly missed an
ll-year-old girl who was lying
on a bed, he said. No one was
injured. however.
On Tuesday seven bullets were
fired into a tenant house on the
farm and another bullet struck
car beside the house. No in
juries were reported.
Late last year dynamite
charge thrown from a moving
car ripped open a roadside prod
uce stand and grocery operated
by the farm. 1t was repaired and
continued in use until another
blast, followed by fire. destroyed
/ it early in January. Between the
two explosions bullets were fired
into the structure.
NEW ORLEANS. Feb. 2 (P.-
A clergyman and a doctor, both
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
'Conont Denies Revival
OF German MiIitorism

BONN. Germany, Feb. 2 (R).-
Retiring United States Ambas-
sador James B. Conant says the
chances Of resurgence of mill
tarism Il Germany ARE nil" and
Naziism is dead and buried"
Provided full employment and
a stable currency are maintained,
DR.. Conant said in an inter-
view, 1.-The political scene here
will be that of a normal democ-
racy."
DR.. Conant has represented
the United States in West Ger
many since 1858. first as high
commissioner and later as Am
bassador. A former president of
Harvard University. he has re-
signed his post here to return
to private life in the United
States. He is scheduled to leave
Germany February 10.
Informed officials in Washing
ton said yesterday President
Eisenhowe' has chosen David A.
Bruce, a Democrat who was
Undersecretary OF State in the
Truman administration. to be
the new United States AmbaS-
Isador to Bonn. They said the
would be announced
within the next few days.
Speaking in his wide windowed
Office overlooking the Rhine
River. DR.. Conant declared Hit
Ter and his followers are COM
pletely discredited in German
eyes"
ANY legend OF nazism has no
hold on the German people" he
went on. IF any right radical
movement develops in the future
it will not be associated with
nazism. The outSpoken critics
in nazism like the president
CTheodor Heuss1 have been re-
elected and have tremendous
popularity"
Concerning the buildup of
West Germany's new armed
forces. DR.. Conant said the peo-
pie and their leaders ARE hos
tile to any possibility of a re-
'surgence Of militarism-that is,
an army state within a state"
This army is being raised for
defense" DR.. Conant added. 1T
is quite impossible for any group
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Pan American
Pilots 10 Strike

CHICAGO. Feb. 2 pa
worldwide strike by 1886 pilots
for Pan American World Always
has been called for February 8 by
the Air Line Pilots Association in
a dispute over a new contract.
The strike call for midnight
local time), announced yester-
day by Clarence N. Sayen. presi-
dent Of ALPA. climaxed a con-
tract dispute between the air.
line ard pilots union which has
been in negotiation for six
months.
Mr.. Sayen said the pilots
withdrawal from service" was
being announced to the travelling
public in SO countries which PAA
serves on all continents to pro
vide ample time for international
travellers to receiving warning
and make plans accordingly"
The ALPA said principal issues
in the dispute are increases in
pay for pilots, rules and working
conditions. particularly dealing
with excess time on duty and
time away from home" and dur
alton of the contract.
Mr.. Sayen, in a statement,
criticized the company for what
he termed its 'adamant position, =
saying it left mo alternative
under the law, unless the pilots
OF PAA are willing to embrace
deteriorating purchasing power
and working conditions relative
to other pilots and professional
groups. This they will not do
Mr.. Sayen said the pilots aver
age about $4,000 a year and
have not had a wage increase
since 1852. An ALPA spokesman
said the pay spread is between
$4,000 and $4,000.
In New York. the company
said that the pay scale for
pilots is more than $4,000 q
year, and that for co-pilots more
than $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02

NICKELSDORF, Austria. Feb.
2 up An American student and
five other young Westerners ex-
PEELED from Hungary arrived in
Austria today. All had been held
in Hungarian rails.
They were Richard Roraback,
26, of Dobbs Ferry, N. Y, and
Einar Roos. IS, a Norwegian stu
dent, arrested January IL while
helping Hungarian refugees get
across the border into Austria,
and four Britons-Judith Grips,
10. a granddaughter Of the late
Sir. Stafford Grips, British Labor
Party leader; Roger Cooper. 20.
and Christopher Lord, 81. all
oxford students. and Christie
piers brother, Basil. %.
The Hungarian government
told the British Embassy in
Budapest yesterday the four had
admitted they were in Hungary
without proper credentials. 1t
added they we're being expelled
without trial because of their
youth and as gesture of good
will. They were arrested Jan
Iuary II at Kecskemet after cross
ing into Hungary from Yugo-
slavia to do relief work.
The six were escorted to the
border by Hungarian police in
two police cars. The Britons
drove out in their own Volks-
wagon. Diplomatic officials from
Britain, Norway and the United
States were on hand to greet
them.
Mr.. Roraback told reporters:
III was treated all right by the
Hungarians but kept in solitary
confinement without any legal
assistance during the three
weeks spent in Budapest
jail"
He said ne and Mr.. Roos were
operating q boat 10 get refugees
across canal near Andau. Aus
tria. when they were arrested.
They we're volunteer workers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
THOMAS l. STOKES

What was once known as
1.-THE Roosevelt Court" is in the
way of becoming "the Eisen-
hover Court"
The U. S. Supreme Court got
"the Roosevelt Court" tag be-
cause of the preponderance of
justices named by the late
President Franklin D. Roose-
welt. In fact, for a period to-
ward the end of the Roosevelt
regime and early in the sue
ceeding Truman administra-
ton eight of its nine members
were Roosevelt appointees.
When President Eisenhower
fills the vacancy left by the
retirement of Justice Stanley
F. Reed, who announced his
withdrawal at the end of this
month, four of the nine justices
will be Eisenhower appointees,
including the Chief Justice,
Earl Warren. The prospect of
an Eisenhower majority is be-
lieved not to be far off, with
rumors Of other impending re-
tirements among elderly JUS
ticeS of the Roosevelt era.
Justice Reeds retirement
will leave only three Roosevelt
appoin tee s-Justices Hugo
Black. Felix Frankfurter and
William o. Douglas. There are
two Truman appointees left
since the retirement last year
of the third appointment to
the court that President Tru-
man made-Justice Sherman
Minton. The other two Truman
designates now on the court
are Justices Tom c. Clark and
Harold H. Burton. The Eisen-
hower-named judges. in addi-
ton to Chief Justice Warren,
are Justices John NJ. Harlan
and the most recent, William
Joseph Brennan, jr.
BY previous party afflliation,
Democrats still outnumber Re-
publicans on the court. with
five Of the former-Justices
Black. Frankfurter, Douglas,
Clark and Brennan: and three
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Armed Forces Reported Indignant
Over Raw Deal by Own Politicians

A situation more serious
than that which exists in the
Middle East may develop in
Europe within the next few
months.
Alarming reports are being
received from Paris to the
effect that the Illustrations
from which the French people
have been suffering for a long
time are now extending to the
armed forces themselves,
There is no Communist in
fluence involved, these reports
say. There is only revulsion
that the nation no longer
knows which way to turn.
While we and the British
have enjoyed a few years of
relative peace, the French
have never stopped fighting
since 1889. After their armies
were crushed by the Nazis.
the "Maquis" were organized
and fought a guerrilla war
until D day. Although much
was made in public over the
liberation of Paris by French
troops, the people themselves
realize that they entered the
city on the coattails of the
American forces.
No sooner did the Nazis sur
render than the French were
called to fight a severe cam
paign in Indo-C China. They
were defeated. Indo- China was
followed by campaigns in Mo-
rocco and Tunisia. These were
lost. Then two years ago the
Algerian situation developed.
The French have poured some
100000 men into Algeria, but
the chances are that regard
less of how well they fight the
campaign will not end in vic
tory.
Finally. last Move Der
French troops were ordered
into Egypt where a military
victory appeared q cinch. But
there, too, they met with de-
feat. AS a popular French
writer puts the situation. lit
was another retreat from
Moscow Tin 1922, due this
time not to the harsh winter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Departure This Month Will Leave
3 Roosevelt Appointees on Bench

of the latter-Chief Justice
Warren and Justices Burton
and Harlan.
Just now, as a result Of the
public school and bus integra-
ton decisions, the Supreme
Court is the center of con-
troversy as it has not been
since the beginning of the Sec
ond Roosevelt administration,
early in 1887, when President
Roosevelt stirred up such
storm with his court packing"
plan.
That. for those who have
come along since, was an at
tempt to change the unfavor-
able attitude exhibited toward
early New Deal economic and
social reforms by a majority of
the mine old men," as the
court was dubbed by its
critics and enemies of that
time. The bill devised to &C
complish this change au-
thorized the adding of a new
member of the court for every
sitting member over 10 who
did not retire voluntarily from
the court. If none of the six
judges then over 10 retired.
that would have enlarged the
court to Is members. But,
whatever course the six men,
bers over 70 took. the Presi-
dent would get a court to his
liking. His targets were con-
servatives who were standing
pat against New Deal laws.
The threat to the prestige
of the court. along with the
public debate that focused at
tention sharply on the nine
men, led Chief Justice Charles
Evans Hughes to do a mastery
Job of maneuvering the court
around to acceptance of re-
forms. That change of front
and the clear demonstration
that majority public opinion
was against any tampering
with such a revered institution
as the Supreme Court resulted
in the Senate burying the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Harris and Ewing Photo

OF officers in Central Europe to
believe they could go it alone"
Turning to Germany's No. l
unification-Dr. Con-
ant urged AL the Western
powers. indeed all people in the
free world, to recognize that it
is a matter OF Importance to
have uniflcation and not resign
themselves to the split Of Ger
many
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02

but to the harshness of the
United Nations and of our
American ally"
An army must win a victory
occasionally to keep its morale
Ind efficiency. And the French
forces have known nothing but
defeats in the last 10 years.
They put the blame, not on
their lack of courage nobody
ever accused the French of
being bad soldiersl or oppor-
tunity to win battles but on
corrupt. inefficient and occa-
sionally actually reasonable
men in the government.
The French cabinets which
succeeded each other at nine
month intervals before 1910
and after spent money lavishly
but never provided the army
with equipment necessary to
match Hitler's highly me-
chanized ground forces and
the then much feared Stukas.
The French place the blame
in the same quarter for the
shameful defeat in Indo-
China. And after the United
States interviewed, giving the
French forces modern hard
ware, it was the politicians
who brought the final defeat.
Politicians such as Pierre
MendeS- France are accused
of advancing their own politi-
cal future over the bodies of
fighting men. The same thing
is said about Tunisia and
Morocco. Algeria could follow
the same pattern. There are
millions of Frenchmen who as
drafteeS witnessed these bitter
defeats. They are now private
citizens, free to say whatever
they want and do whatever
they please.
After We day, disgruntled
veterans attempted to ease
their Illustrations by joining or
voting for the Communist
Party. They are discovering
that the Communist leaders
are as cheap politicians as
those belonging to other par
ties. Hence. the poor showings
made by the Communists in
recent elections.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02

highways in the area were re-
ported open but some secondary
roads were blocked by high
waters.
At least so families we're
forced from their homes in the
Middle Tennessee area yester-
day when flood waters backed up
into rivers and creeks at Shelby
Vile. Fayetteville and Columbia.
Families routed from their
homes at Sevierville Thursday
returned yesterday and major
highways in the area were open.
Gov. A. B. Chandler of Ken
lucky proclaimed a special
emergency in Floyd County to
curtail footing and National
Guardsmen remained on duty at
Prestonburg to hold down loot
ing there.
Red Cross officials estimated
that 1000 families at William
son. w. Va. and 900 in the
Logan area were affected by the
flood there.
The Tennessee Valley Au-
thority threw its vast flood-con-
troll machinery into operation in
an effort to prevent major food
ing in the lower Tennessee VAL
ley.
It's tributary lakes in Western
North Carolina and East Ten
nessee were used to store water
while it released water from
dams on the main streams.
The 10 spillways of TWAS
Chickamauga Dam we're pump
ing water at nearly four times
its normal rate in an effort to
keep water moving downstream
under comparative control.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Flood Threat Spreads
To Northern Alabama
By the Associated Press

dire threat of flood hung North Alabama today
while other Southern States began hopping after floods
lives caused millions of dollars in
damages
The Warrior Alabama continued rise
and were expected to above flood Monday.
dry moved into Tennessee last night
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Killer Wins Sixth Stuy
SAN FRANCISCO. Feb. 3 (P

SAN FRANCISCO, FED. z UT.
William F.. Rupp. jr.. %, con-
victed Of numbering a l5-year-
old babysitter after an attempted
rape. won his sixth stay of ex-
ecution yesterday only is minu-
ties before he was TO have gone
to his death in the San Quentin
gas chamber. The State supreme
court delayed execution indeh-
nitely unit! the United States
Supreme Court decides a similar
case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02

off drenching rains which have
fallen in the Eastern and mid
State areas for the past Is days.
Flood waters in the upper East
Tennessee area began to recede,
but some sections of Chattanooga
in the lower east section were
still under water.
Repair crews and relief agen-
cies were already moving into
Kentucky. Virginia and West
Virginia to clean up the food
debris in those States.
The death toll in Southwest
Virginia. declared a disaster area
yesterday by President Essen
hover, rose to two.
A woman tentatively identified
as Irene Holman. SO, Of near
Mountain City. Tenn. drowned
last night in Widners Valley near
Lodi. Washington County.
Body Recovered
The body of the first flood
victim, Junior Deel. 30, of near
Haysi. Dickinson County, was
recovered yesterday. He drowned
Thursday when the boat in
which he was attempting to cross
Russell Fork River overturned.
Gen. Alfred NJ. Gruenther
president of the American Red
Cross. was to arrive at Bristol
around 10 am. today on a three
State food inspection tour. After
spending an hour there, he was
to leave for London. KY, and
then for Charleston. w. Va.
Two Federal civil defense off,
GERS were to set up emergency
field headquarters in the south
west area. Curtis E. Stewart
Federal agency liaison officer
from Olney. Md, said the head
quarters probably would be sci
up either at Wise or Norton. He
is accompanied by Arthur Hilly
Several hours after President
Eisenhower declared the six
county section a disaster area
H. Powell Seward, director Of
the Federal Housing Administra'
ton for Virginia. announced
special FILA terms to help in re-
placing lost or damaged homes
In Richmond, the Virginia
Hungarian Relief Association
announced it would donate par
OF the clothing given by Vir,
ginians for Hungarian refugee
to food victims.
An Associated Press newsmai
reported from Grundy last nigh
the town of 1000 is recovering
slowly from Tuesdays devasta
ton. Typhoid immunizatioi
clinics have been set up ant
many homeless families are get
ting food and clothing from tn,
Red Cross, while others are be
ing aided by friends and neigh
bors.
The Warrior River in Alabam
is expected to crest Z feet abov
flood stage at Tuscaloosa. Tn
Tombigbee is expected to ores
4 feet above flood stage a
Columbus. Miss.
Guard Is Alerted
National Guardsmen at Hunts
vile, Ala, have been alerted Il
the event families have to b
evacuated from the lowland
along the Flint and Paint Roc
Rivers. Several highways in tn
area were inundated.
At Chattanooga, the hardes
hit area Of Tennessee, the ram
paging Tennessee River wa
fluctuating last night with indi
cations 1t may crest. Majo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Court Aide Transfers

The chief clerk OF the Munich
pal Court Branch of the United
States Attorneys Office here
left yesterday to join the United
States Tay Court. Duwayne
Sebenaler. at Municipal Court
since 1850 viii work III The
Tax Court field offices
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02

Negro, filed suit in the United
States District Court yesterday.
demanding a halt to bus segrega-
ton in New Orleans. The suit
also called for the notification of
all Louisiana's bus segregation
laws.
Legal officers Of both city and
State planned to fight.
Negro leaders indicated a SIM
liar suit would be filed in Baton
Rouge next week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
7 Escape in Plant Fire

SCHOFIELD. Wis, FEB. 2 (R.
Seven men escaped without in
jury when flames swept the Will
Ike Sheetmetal Co. plant here last
night causing damage estimated
by the owner. Reuben Willke, at
about 100000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-02
Snow Covers GuIiIee

JERUSALEM. Israeli Sector,
Feb. 2 (P).-Israel had heavy
snow yesterday after two days
of rain. 1t lay thick in Galilee,
the Judean Mountains and else
where.