davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-03-02
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The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-03-02

tcsufinvse fyun Back psps
nEssiAH Noip PRAYERS DESPITE Jesus PRO
POUND pecLARATso& THE FLEsH pRoErrErH
MOTdNse
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THAT SPEAK UNTO VOL THEY ARE SPIRIT AND
THEY ARE LIZ" I-Jphn 6:Es-n Ms
Gods. chu~sn sibie. Eius Jsmss nrutessant,-R.c w.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-03-02

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PART
MoN-criRlsTlAN SCIENTISTS
TWO GODS!
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TWO uNfvERSeS
REDUCTION TO AHsuRDfry VIA CHRIST SCIENCE
MESSIAH sAAAA1niENri Old rssfsusn srrpsurp rsps.s
sds ssss4 THE LORD. OR GOD, IS ONE THERE IS
NONE ELSE BESIDE HIM.
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fcsntinusd fasn Column Tea
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
THOMAS l. STOKES
School Violence Harms u. S.

cause they happened to be
born black. It has been over
80 years since human slavery
was ended. and we all pledged
ourselves. South and North,
to make freedom real in every
sense. including freedom of
education.
It has been 81 years since
the Supreme Courts decision
in the Plessy versus Ferguson
case established the sep
arate but equal" doctrine.
But did the South move
promptly to apply that to
public schools for Negroes?
1t did not. In truth it has
been only in the last few
years that Southern States
began to move toward equal"
facilities for Negroes. They
did move effectively with
building programs for Me-
gro schools and better pay
for Negro teachers, and has
tily, because they wanted TO
forestall an indignation deci-
sion from the Supreme Court
which some began to believe
would come.
Finally. in 1854. the SUI
preme Court did adopt as its
unanimous decision what had
been the minority opinion Of
1896 in the Plessy versus Fer
guson case, the dissent OF
Justice John M. Harlan, with
the famous line: The Con-
stitution is color blind"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

portant for the future of the
South as 1t is for all Of us
that President Eisenhower
maintain the authority OF
the Federal government
against the assault Of Gov.
FaubuS.
1t may be regarded as
reasonable for a native
Southerner to say what now
is going to be said here
which is. that so many peo-
pie IN the South have never
tried. and still are not try
ing. to adjust themselves to
the inevitable as represented
in removal Of discrimina-
tions. That takes an internal
struggle within every South
erner. which is hard, as can
be attested. and which must
be worked at constantly.
But it can be done. There
are many who have gone
through with it.
Still in the South you hear
the plea: Go slow" 1t has
been so for nearly q century.
Once uttered. it is taken as
an excuse not to face up to
the necessary personal ad-
justment. That personal adj
iustment. We repeat, is hard:
but so is the life Of those who
are Disseminated against be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

while there were gains among
producers Of automobile COM
ponents. radio and television
sets and cement.
Unemployment dipped to a.
sos. 900 in August from 3.007,-
900 in July, according to the
report. This was about the
normal decline as students
ended their search for sum-
mer employment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

HONG KONG (By Airmail)
Hong Kong has adopted
the philosophy that when
KIDNAPPING is inevitable it is
Just as well to be resigned
and make the best of it.
This crown colony is un-
believably rich and prosper
GUS for some. The miserably
poor refugees seem satisfied
with their lot. They get
enough rice to keep body and
soul together-which they did
not in Communist China
whence they escaped. But
everybody. rich and poor,
feels the breath Of Commu-
mist imperialism blowing hot
on his neck.
For the time being, nobody
wants to think seriously that
the day win come when the
Communists will take over
this prosperous crown colony
Of Britain which was Chinese
land until the opium war Of
1912. why should they" 1t
is asked optimistically, when
through this window to the
Western world they can get
everything they need with
out any effort or sacriflce?"
Even banned essential strate-
gic materials are smuggled
into Canton from this port.
Ships anchored outside the
harbor unload under cover Of
darkness. Everything is being
done to keep the Communists
happy and avoid frictions
which might result in the
Red forces marching into
Hong Kong.
1t Is an open secret that
Britain is no longer in a
position to defend this prize
possession. There are a few
British battalions. q jet air
wing Of the Raj and q few
small naval craft here. That
is all the defense the crown
can afford for the island. Ac-
cording to an optimistic
statement made by the able
governor, Sir Alexander
Grantham. this sacrifice
force could resist the Reds
for not more than four days.
But-and this is the but"
on which hangs the optimism
Of the people Of Hong Kong
the American air and naval
power in the area could
smash q Chinese attempt
against the colony without
much trouble. And there are
hints and rumors that an
agreement exists between
Washington and London
whereby we have committed
ourselves to rush to the
Islands defense in the event
Of overt aggression.
All this seems, however. to
be market place gossip. No
responsible American could
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
The States and Federal Authority

that his judgment is open to
question. where does q Fed
eral Judge get the right to
try q State Governor in q
Federal court for malfeasance
for failure to do his duty?
There are lots of people
who say offhand that. when
there Is a conflict between
State authority and Fed
eral law" the power of the
Government at Washington
must prevail. But there is no
Federal law" involved here.
No law has been passed by
Congress on the subject Of
"integration."
Actually, the Federal court
order banning segregation"
has been respected In at least
three localities in Arkansas,
with the cooperation of the
Governor, himself. So he
insists that the issue is not
indignation" but the preser-
walton Of order.
If these complex questions
relating to indignation" can
be handled by court order
and without legislation by
Congress. then it makes
many observers here wonder
why Congress felt it neces-
sary last month to pass q law
to assure voting rights to
Negroes, instead Of letting
the Federal courts issue in
functions against local ON
cials Of the States who inter-
fered With the registration
Of Negro voters.
The casualties In the cold
war" in the South are mount
ing. Impatience in Washing
ton and the straitjacket i'm
posed by the Supreme Court
and the lower courts, with
their confusing orders. are
producing widespread resent
ment. The American people
are not a ccustom ed to
government by Injunction.
They've seen it fail in labor
disputes. and they are now
witnessing an even worse
debacle in trying to solve
social questions through COM
plicated court orders In which
the rights of the States are
ignored.
Reproduction RIGHTS Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Harry Truman predicts great Democratic victories Harry
has faith people He knows their forgving and that
what they won't forgive. they forget.
The Eisenhower team has a secret weapon in reserve
in its duel with Arkansas may threaten make Gov
Faubus sit down to disarmament conference with Harold
StaSsen.
Colleges propose code for industry hiring of college
Tempting offers ruin morale lot of promising
football players threatening to quit become students
One Yankee schooboy comes out for segregation He'd
put all the kids side Of all the teachers
the other
The Eisenhower team is investigating sabotage. It's
rumored high Federal ofhcial overheard saying
cocktail party: Personally. hate golf"
Ike stresses need for patience" the Little Rock school
crisis Ikes slogan More patience, fewer patients.
Defense Boss Wilson says sure who's ahead in
the missile Besides that's department It's the
function Of congressmen to make statements things
they're not Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

OF s7,22l. 900 in July. Employ
ment also was a shade below
the comparable August. 1856,
total Of 66,420.000.
Employment is normally
fairly stable" at this time OF
year. the agencies observed.
Main reason for the decline
was a steep drop in farm en-
ployment. and failure Of nom
farm employment to climb as
much as usual for this season.
In another report yesterday,
the Commerce Department said
United States firms plan TO
spend at an annual rate Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

employment and investment in
plant and equipment.
Neither trend surprises me, "
remarked Gabriel Hauge. spe-
cial economic assistant to
President Eisenhower.
There's not very much Of
any significance in the figures. ="
Mr.. Williams added. I'VE
would have to wait another
month or two to see if there's
any trend, before there would
be cause for worry"
The Commerce and Labor
Departments yesterday re-
ported a sharp" drop in civil
ian employment to $685., 900
last month from the record high
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
Hong Kong Watches Peiping

a man who makes 81 million
a year profit land there are
hundreds Of individuals who
boast of more) pays only
$125,000 to the local govern
ment and keeps the rest.
There are no corporation
taxes.
The Chinese, who have
been here for more than q
century. and those who saw
the handwriting on the wall
in 1947 ana moved their
capital from China to the
protection of the crown
colony are ploughing their
enormous profits into new
enterprises or improving the
old ones. Hong Kong Is their
last stand. There is nowhere
else they can go from now
on. If by misfortune the
Communist regime should
survive, they hope to make q
deal with the Reds in the
expectation that the masters
in Peiping may need their
industrial know-how. II that
proves impossible, as has been
the case in Communist China
since 1919, there is nothing
they can do. In the mean
time they are hugely enjoying
the luxuries of capitalist life
and are busy making this
island into the most pros
porous corner Of the world.
The observation-disclosures have
excellent intelligence service
across the border and seem
convinced that before much
longer the starvation which
prevails in southern China
will become intolerable and
there will be an unprecedent-
ed explosion against the pres
ent regime. There are al
ready indications that even
the local police mot the Sc
cret state police) are no long
er reliable. Even the regular
army which has a preferred
status in Communist China
has shown signs Of half
heartedness in dealing with
recent local uprisings. The
Chinese people. they say. may
be fataliStic and lackadaisi-
cal. But they can stand star
vation for only so long.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
DAVID LAWRENCE

Are we witnessing the be-
ginning of the end of State
government in America, and
the emergence Of q supreme
dictatorship over the States
by the Federal Government
in Washington?
Does the silence Of so many
of the Governors of the
several States about the
events of the last ten days
mean they already have been
cowed into submiSsiveneSs as
their sovereign rights are
taken from them by an edict
from Washington?
One Governor-in Arkan-
sas-calls out the troops to
prevent bloodshed, and i'm
mediately the Federal Gov
eminent undertakes to pass
judgment upon his motives
and his right to maintain
order in . sovereign State. f..
Another Governor-in Ten
neSsee-says he must wait
until an overt act occurs be-
fore he can call out the State
troops. Now q school building
has been blown UP in Nash
vile. Might not vigilant
action In advance have pre-
vented such a tragedy?
If the Governor Of Arkan-
sas now withdraws the troops
and lives are lost, will the
Federal Government accept
the responsibility for. i'm
pairing the obligation Of q
State to maintain order with
in its own borders?
These are questions which
have been generated by the
arbitrary action of a single
Federal ofhcial in Little Rock
who has taken it upon him
self to serve as judge, prose-
cutor and jury to inquire into
the motives and efficiency of
the Governor of the State of
Arkansas. The Department
Of Justice in Washington. at
the direction Of and with the
approval Of the President,
has helped to prepare an
Injunction which conceivably
can prevent the Governor Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
Damage to Commonwealth Obligation
To Keep Order Feared in Arkansas

Arkansas from performing
the duties of his ONCE. This
means the representative or
republican system Of govern
ment in one of the sovereign
States would be suspended by
the order of q Federal Judge.
Never before in American
history has the Constitution
been so flagrantly defied and
disregarded by the Executive.
Article ~ says:
"The United States shall
guarantee to every State in
this Union a republican form
Of government"
When the words United
States" are used in the Con-
stitution, it means the execu-
tive branch of the Federal
Government.
When the words republic
can form of government"
are used. it means that the
people Of Arkansas have the
right to self-government--to
expect the help when asked,
and not the hindrance, of
Federal authorities in the
course Of the operations OF
the State government.
Only the people of Arkan-
saA acting under their own
constitution. can decide
whether their chief executive
is efhcient and whether he is
complying in good faith with
the requirements Of State
law as well as Federal law.
They can impeAch him and
remove him = but the Fed
eral Government does not
have any such power. For
the Federal Government to
attempt to interrupt the
duties Of the Governor Of a
State, even for one day. is to
assume the right to remove
the Governor for his entire
term of office. There is no
difference in principle.
The issue raised in the
Arkansas case is whether the
Governor. in calling out the
State m ilitia to prevent
bloodshed. is acting in good
faith. But even assuming
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
Leadership Role in Free World Seen
Undermined by Defiance of Low

Not so many years ago it
never would have happened
That our Secretary of State
would be asked at q news
conference If purely domestic
events would hurt conduct of
our foreign policy.
But nobody showed any
surprise when Secretary of
State Dulles was asked that
at his regular news confer
ence this week about what is
happening in the South on
public school indignation. The
asking of the question was
itself merely recognition Of a
fact that we all now accept.
that we have assumed a posi-
ton Of leadership in the
world. which carries a heavy
responsibility and which
makes our national life, our
behavior as a people. an open
book.
We can be a good example.
which helps our standing
among people Of other ma
tons. Or we can, as in the
present turning Of our South
ern exposure to the world. be
a bad example to be exploited
by Soviet Russia.
Secretary Dulles thinks the
current Southern exhibition.
which is played up in foreign
newspapers, is hurting us.
Regretfully he spoke Of the
pictures he had seen In the
newspapers that morning.
Events depicted in those
pictures are facts-ugly facts.
Attempted Southern justin
cation, which takes q lot OF
words about "the Southern
way Of life and such, means
nothing to the world at large.
For the picture Of a few
lonely Negro boys and girls
being kept out Of school by
troops and being screamed at
by bowling young people and
grown people, their faces
fiendishly distorted, speaks
for itself. without translation,
in every part Of the globe.
The tragic, overwhelming
fact is that it was q Governor
Of one of our States who has
become an melting force. So
far as intent goes. he could
be. and may be, entirely
guiltless; but it is only nat
ural that when a man as
high placed in public life
as he is defles the law, the
ignorant. the mean, and the
nischievous would accept
him as an excuse for such
shocking demonstrations as
have occurred here and there.
Gov. Orval Faubus Of
Arkansas has got himself
badly out of line.
His immediate case is now
in the hands Of the courts.
But the real case. so far as
concerns the South, involving
Gov. Faubus is waiting
for a jury Of his peers-thaU
is, Southern political, civic
and religious leaders. At least
these have been working
faithfully and carefully at
gradualism and moderation
and have achieved, after de-
voted application. such re-
suits as the l0-year Little
Rock school indignation plan,
which Is certainly the very
quintessence Of gradualism,
and the Nashville plan be-
ginning with the first grade,
and the civil rights bill
limited strictly to voting
rights which Southern Sem
ators finally permitted to go
through the Senate without
a ilibuster.
Gov. Faubus struck Just
as directly at them as he
did at the Federal Govern
ment.
II would seem that 1t is
now up TO those Southern
leaders TO speak out clearly
about Gov. Faubus and
about the course Of the
South. This IL Just ~ Inn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Reds Profit From Window to the West
But Invasion Is Const0nt Threot

confirm these rumors, which
encourage the people to make
bigger and better investments
In the territory. They all look
to America because they
know by now that Britain will
not and cannot fight for this
last 10th century-type pos
session. It would rather evac-
uate its meager forces II.
when the time comes, 1t can
not outSmart automatically
the colossus in the north with
the feet Of clay. Capital con-
tinues to rush into Hong
Kong because Of the convic-
ton that whenever the time
for transfer of sovereignty of
the island and new terri
tories arrives it win be done
without violence.
This is the greatest boom
town in the world. Huge
buildings are being erected
by the dozen both in Victoria
and in Kowloon across the
harbor. Most great banks of
the world have branches here
and new industries are
springing up every year. The
Europeans and Americans
who make investments here
realize the day may come
when this will no longer be
q British colony where they
can operate under law and
order. But they figure they
can get their capital invest
ments back in less than five
years with a handsome profit
besides. After five years it is
all velvet.
There are no price or
money controls and with the
exception of a very few
items. such as liquor. per-
fumes and tobacco, there are
no excuses or taxes on what
ever enters this port, either
for consumption or manufac-
turing purposes. Moreover.
there is no income tax or
indirect taxation. A tax of
1914 per cent Of net profits
is imposed by the govern
ment of the island. The rest
remains in the pocket of the
enterprising capitalist. Thus
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11

t37.2 billion for plant and
equipment during the second
half Of this year.
That's slightly more than
the first-half rate and 6 per
cent above last years 1851 biz
lion total.
Investment Spending Slows
But the climb Of investment
spending for plant and equip
ment has slowed down from
the sharp rises Of q year or
two ago. experts noted. This
leveling-off has been going on
for some time. DR.. Hauge OBJ
served. Some economists view
the showdown as q healthy
breather, which could help
combat imitation; others fear
the trend may lead to q skid.
Projecting for the second
half. the report estimated 1857
capital expenditures for plant
and equipment viii rise 8 per
cent over last year for manu-
featuring companies, 10 per
cent for railroads, 2 per cent
for other transportation. 28
per cent for public utilities.
remain unchanged for mining.
and slip 8 per cent for COM
mercial and other firms.
Ofncials said the drop in
farm employment looks greater
than it really Is. Because Of
weather factors. farm employ
ment increased in July instead
Of declining as usual. The abb
normally high July level ac-
centuated the slide In August.
Farm employment actually
decreased by about the normal
amount in the two month
period. from June to August.
While farm jobs declined
from 7.772.O00 in July to g.
$4,000 in August. according
to the report, nonfarm employ
ment climbed from 59.449. 900
to $685.. 900. This is less than
the usual increase at this sea-
son - possibly because Of q
change in vacation schedules OF
self-employed workers.
Canneries Speed Up
The largest payroll gains were
in food processing Is canneries
started work on the fruit and
vegetable harvests. and in
wearing apparel as large-scalC
production of winter clothing
began. Steel, lumber and air
craft industries all reduced en-
ployment from July to August
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
Tux Post Filled

Assistant Corporation Coun-
sci Henry Z. Wixon has been
named chief Of the tax division
in the District Corporation
Counsel's ONCE. Mr.. Wixon had
been acting head Of the divi-
sion for the last year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-11
u. S. Aides Unworried
At Drop in Employment
BY LEE M. COIN

Top Government trendwatchers refuse over the
latest signs Of showdown in the boom-a sharp
drop in employment and levelngoh in capital OUTLAWS
for expansion
Definitely not worrisome" Undersecretary Commerce
Walter Williams commented yesterdays ofca reports Of