davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice., 1957-08-16

manager responsible to the board and the
faculty as hired hands-all too often para
lyzes the best of the university's efforts.
He goes on to outline plan to overcome
what he calls ''the inherent weakness of
the American university system: the sepa-
ration of the ultimate power of decision
from the community of scholars whose in
terest and whose work the decision most
directly affects"
A last most practical point for economy
can be rested on T. E. Elliot's observation
that ''It is only in a very restricted sense
that education produces culture-it is
more widely true that the culture produces
the education.'' Every teacher knows that
youth can learn very much faster than
they do, if they want to. Their wanting to-
depends a great deal on their background,
community and family. We cannot do much
about the family background, that is not
our business. We can do great deal about
the community background that is our
business. Many youths who grow up il
communities with good libraries, theaters,
concerts, galleries, newspapers, and radio
forums would have less need for ''higher
education"; and much more important,
economywise, those who went on to college
from such communities would know better
what they went for and become self-im-
PEELED Students We will have achieved a
great economy in education if we can
scotch the idea that all that needs to be
learned must be taught.-EDMUND FREE
MAN.
The people's voice., 1957-08-16
Economy In Education

The increasing cost of education is i'm
pressing. everybody. Administrators are
wondering what new sources they can tap
to pay teachers and build buildings. Tax
payers are wondering how much more taxa
tion they can stand. Students are worrying
about rising fees. Teachers are fearing that
merit rating may be scheme to pay poor
salaries to most teachers and good salaries
to few teachers. With an oncoming tide
of students every reasonable economy will
be in order
The NEW YORK TIMES of June 27 be-
gan its Editorial in Review section: can
entirely new concept of education appears
to be in the making. 1t is going to mean
greater reliance on television rearrange-
ment of class size, simplified curriculum
and new type of student who must be-
come more responsible for his own educa-
ton and less dependent on spoon-feeding."
The call for the responsible student is
not a new one Many years ago Max Mason.
president Of the Rockefeller Foundation,
predicted in Seattle that the students Of
the future would come to college to learn
and nothing could stop them; that they
would hear lecture every week or two
and have the rest of their time for study.
More recently President Harold Taylor
Of Sarah Lawrence College has declared:
The present system of lectures, textbooks,
survey courses, standard requirements or
subject matter, examinations, numerical
grades fail to touch the inner consciousness
The people's voice., 1957-08-16

WASHINGTON, D. CT was hap
by this week to have helped gain ap-
proval of federal employee pay raise
legislation. These are the workers
whose salaries are fixed by the Classi-
fication Act. Many are residents in
Montana. If approved all the way, the
measure would be effective with the
first pay period in September. If
vetoed by the President, there is a
strong possibility Congress may over
ride veto.
FHA Finally Acts-Lower down
payments on housing finally have
been instituted by FHA as directed
by Congress, but discount controls
and higher interest rates included
with the action by FILA will not prove
a major panacea to the housing in
dustry. The industry thus will con-
tinue to struggle under the retarding
effects of the Administration tight
money policy. My hope, which | think
everyone from workers through buy
ers will share, is that the day will soon
come when it will be possible to lower
interest rates and remove discount
controls with fairness to all.
Cost of Living and Interest Rates
Blame for the increasing cost of liv-
ing is being aimed at large proper
tion of our population-the farmers
and labor-which is sort of like blam-
ing the poor for getting too much
while the proposed cure is to give
more to those who get income without
labor.
Personal interest income is up 81
per cent and dividends have increased
Al per cent during the last five years,
yet wages and salaries have increased
only 27 per cent and farmers net
income has dropped 23 per cent.
Meanwhile, higher interest rates are
advocated for wealthy men as the
only route for curing "inflation".
One of the major New York banks
has announced it has raised the prime
bank rate to u per cent. AS leader
The people's voice., 1957-08-16
LEGAL ADVERTISING
office of State Auditor
STATE OF MONTANA
Insurance Department
Certificate of Compliance
,pd Auth Orfzafiou

I, JOHN j. HOLMES, State Auditor
and Commissioner of Insurance Elk Of
ficio, in and for the State of Montana,
do hereby certify that the CAVALIER
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY having
filed a sworn statement of its financial
condition as of December 81, 1856, and
having complied with the laws of this
State relating to insurance and insur-
ance companies, is authorized until the
31st day of March, 1858, to transact
such classifications of insurance as are
set forth in its present existing license
I do further certify that a synopsis
of the duly filed annual statement is
as follows:
The actual amount of
Capital ............................ 9OO,OOO.OO
The aggregate Income for
the Year 1856 ................ 1878, 144.52
The aggregate Disburse-
ments for the Year 1856 2,461, 1,770.52
The aggregate Assets are 5,S3S,
The aggregate Liabilities,
except Capital, are ..--.-.. 1868, 1928
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, L have
hereunto subscribed my name and af
fixed my official seal at the State
Capitol in the City cf Helena, this
twenty sixth day of July, 1857.
JOHN j. HOLMES,
State Auditor and Com
missioner of Insurance.
The people's voice., 1957-08-16

Merit rating is the term for the
fixing of teachers salaries not ac
cording to a schedule based upOr
preparation and experience but ac
cording to judgment passed by the
principal or school board on the indi-
vidual teachers worth to the school
The scheme has not been in much use
in late years but it is being revived
as an idea today.
The argument for merit rating is
plain enough: teachers of different
abilities should be paid differently.
If the excellent teacher receives only
the pay of the mediocre teacher, he
will seek some other field of work
or at last will not extend himself in
his teaching. The better prospective
teacher will not be attracted to the
field. and the ordinary teacher will
not be stimulated to his best work be-
cause he gets a general salary any
way.
The great majority of teachers
have not been unaware or scornful
of this argument; nevertheless they
have, through their teacher organi-
cations, moved away from the idea
during recent decades and subscribed
to the idea of a salary schedule which
determines the teachers salary ac-
cording to training and experience
and fixed responsibilities in the sys-
tenn. In many salary school
systems there are extra activities
clearly defined for working in which
the teacher receives an earned incre-
ment above the regular salary. The
argument that has prevailed against
the merit rating idea is about this:
1. There are few persons in the
ordinary school wise enough to recog-
nize the real merit in all the different
teachers, and if the real merits are
not all recognized then there is little
justice in fixing their salaries at diff
ferent points according to somebody's
supposition or prejudice.
2. There is a great chance for
prejudice to operate; principal or
influential board member will easily
think that teacher most meritorious
who is most obedient to his authority
rather than to his own conscience or
to the thoughtful Judgment of his
fellow teachers.
1t is true that good pay is required
to secure and keep good
teachers in our American schools. 1t
is also true that good teachers do not
go into teaching for the money there
is in it. Their best reward is the sue
cess they have in teaching, and the
best expression of society's concern
for that success is support for school
system in which all teachers are prop
erly paid and in which all teachers |
The people's voice., 1957-08-16
LETTERS
Why Insurance Companies
Opposed McGowan Bill

In case you missed it in the captive
press [ want to call your attention to
a short release in the Helena INDIE
PENDENT by the Institute of Life In
surance Montana property owners
had $92, 600 of their mortgage issu-
ing needs extended by life insurance
companies in 1857. This represents loans
on $500 individual mortgages and is an
increase of $73,SS1, 900 in the last seven
years.
No wonder certain insurance interests
fought the passage of SB 105-JOE
TURRELL, Missoula.
EDITORS NOTE: Just in case you've
forgotten what SB 105 was, it was
the proposal by Sen. MCGOWAN Cd
Chouteau) ct al in 1857 Legislature
to collect income tax off non-residents
receiving income off Montana busi-
ness and farm properties, invest
ments, stock dividends, etc. Had it
passed it would have brought in an
estimated one million dollars annu-
ally into the State Treasury.
The people's voice., 1957-08-16
Regional Co-op's Half Year
Sales Up Sd Million

ST. PAUL = (CNS) = Co-ops
bought $3S million worth of farm
supplies through Farmers Union
Central Exchange the first half of
this year. This was $4 million more
than during the same months of
1856.
The people's voice., 1957-08-16

in the raising of interest rates, the
banks action is disturbing for our
economy, the welfare of small busi-
ness, for farmers, homeowners and
all those depending on modest wages,
salaries or pensions. This prime bank
rate is interest rate charged to bor-
rowers of the highest credit standing,
and is paid by such industrial giants
as U. S. Steel and General Motors.
Borrowers of lesser ability must pay
progressively higher rates. This in
terest rate march upward is danger
Gus.
In 1947, for example, the prime
bank rate was II per cent. Added
up, it means simply this, the rich
will get richer, and the poor, poorer.
1t means, just as in the FILA rate
increase cited above that people who
are building houses now and in the
future will be paying an additional
burden of interest for the entire life
of their loans-for many folks with
long-term loans it will mean that
they will be paying nearly all through
their adult life.
Our cost of living, which with only
one exception has risen every month
for the past II months, is now at the
highest point in the history of the
nation. Classical initiation is supposed
to be due to competition between
people with money to buy for
scarcity of products, in other words,
by people bidding against each other
for these products with the result
that prices go up.
That. however, is not true in the
current situation. 1t is very clear
that the constant rise in the price of
money is a real and basic cause of
what is happening to US. This trend
towards increased interest rates was
started as a deliberate action by the
Treasury and Federal Reserve, a |
trend which apparently they are now
helpless to stop.
Reduction in Military = Military
cuts are under way. They |
mean a speed-up conversion to mod
ern weapons and shift to highly
trained technically expert personnel.
A struggle may develop between the
various services as to which will gain
dominance in the use of these new
but all the services can de-
velop special techniques for their use.
The army's role may gain new
strength and Importance. Electronics
control and communication experts
may be among the military heroes of
he future.
The people's voice., 1957-08-16
TnstaIlment Debt Up

The Federal Reserve Board reported
that consumer installment d b t
jumped SAB million in June, to a
total of 1922 billion, mostly because
of a $240 million increase in time
payment debts on autos The June rise
came on top Of a $3.50 million install
ment debt increase in May.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-29
SWEATERS
3.97
regularly 500

Washable boucIe short
sleeve cordieon with pert
Peter Pan collar; 34-4O.
White, pink, light blue,
beige, red, blue green,
yellow. Two other sweater
styles in the group not
shown.
WGl-Neckweor and Blouses,
lst Floor also Chevy Chose
7 corners and Alexandra
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-29
ROMAN STRIPE NYLONS
OS to So
regularly lbs to lbs

Our own exclusive Roman Stripe nyIons
ore now reduced Choose lovely deeper
tones, neutral beige and toupe. Proper
toned sizes 8Iz to IL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
' ,: S; Aat~

These animals, which like
both wooded and swampy areas,
have increased to the nuisance
point, particularly in Mary
land. West Virginia says they
are more numerous than last
year, particularly in several OF
the Eastern Panhandle coun-
ties where they were over
abundant"
Maryland's season is from
October l-January 81, with no
bag limit; Virginia's from Oc-
tober 15-January 81; and West
Virginia's, limited to night
hunting, from November l.
January 4. Pennsylvania allows
hunting all year and North
Carolina from october 15-Feb-
ruary Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03

of scarIey nue crops. IA such
counties as Baltimore and Anne
Arundel it was reported fairly
good.
With some exceptions. Vir-
ginia's season is the same as
for quail and rabbit. West vir-
ginia's season is October IL
January 4 and squirrels are re-
ported fairly populous in some
localities but not numerous
anywhere" The State says
fridge top hunting has been
fair in some sections"
Pennsylvania has a season
from october l9-November %
on gray. black and fox squir-
rels and October 19-December
81 on red squirrels. North Caro-
lina's season is october Is
January Is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
POINTS OF INTEREST
Wild Boar Hunting
Season Under WAY

NORTH CAROLINA-North
Carolina is deep into the boar
hunting season, which runs
through December 16. Hunting
the ferocious wild pig-brought
to this country by the titled
Englishmen early in Americas
history - has grown increas-
ingly popular. Ten hunts are
being conducted by the Blue
Boar SportSman's Lodge at
Robbinsville.
CANADA-Toronto's Royal
Agricultural Fair gets under
way November %. It features
a horse show with Interna-
tional jumping teams from
Europe and from North and
South America, a flower show,
a wool fashion show, and farm
~ \ 4
ARIZONA - The coming
week in Arizona features the
State Fair through November
IL, a bullfight at Nogales next
Sunday, and an open gym
khana by the Western Saddle
Club in Phoenix, also next Sun
day.
X X II 4
NEW YORK-New York City
is tuning up for Thanksgiving
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
BUTTERFLIES
HAVE REFUGE
IN CALIFORNIA

PACIFIC GROVE. Calf.
This is probably the only
place known where bother
ing butterflies is against
the law. City officials
each year repaint wooden
signs which say:
ANY person caught
molesting butterflies will
be prosecuted to the full
extent of the law. Pacific
Grove Police Dept"
The reason: Each year
in early November millions
of Monarch butterflies pick
Pacific Grove as q winter
ing spot. They come from
as far away as British CO.
lumbia and the Canadian
Rockies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03

Ruffed grouse. the par
fridge" of the north and "pheas-
ant" of the South, are wary
birds which take off with a
noisy "whirrr" that startles
even the experienced hunter
They frequent hilly, well-thick-
eted areas where there is plen-
ty of natural food.
Maryland, whose season is
from November 15-January S
says grouse have been increas-
ing although they are confined
to far western counties. None
are found east of Frederick
County.
Virginia also notes an in
crease. Its season is the same
as for quail and turkeys. West
Virginia, whose season is Oc-
tober 11-January 4, says that
good numbers are being found
in Pocahontas. Webster. Ran
dolph, Tucker, Pendleton, Grant
and Greenbrier Counties"
Pennsylvania's season is Oc-
tober 19-November %. North
Carolina allows hunting from
october Is to February IS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03

Maryland's split season on
doves, which have become one
of our most important game
birds, closed Wednesday but re-
opens December 81 to last until
January 4. Virginia's season.
now open, ends November IA.
West Virginia's ends November,
"a. Pennsylvania season is
over, but North Carolina will
have dove hunting from De-
cember II until January 10.
Denmead called Maryland's
dove season one of the best in
the last 10 years. Doves in some
areas are Jump shot" by hunt
ers walking through cut over
fields. In others, groups sur
round likely areas and shoot
the birds as they come in to
feed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
BY JACK JONAS

Resort operators to the
North, East. West and across
the Atlantic are tuning their
ski lifts and cable pulls for a
boom season.
Heavy expansion Of facilities
here and abroad reflects the
growing popularity Of winter
ski vacations.
At Sun Valley. Idaho. for ex-
ample. q new double chair lift
has been installed. That.
coupled with a single lift. can
carry a phenomenal 100 skiers
an hour to the top Of Badly
Mountain.
Eastern New York has the
new Toggenburg. Greek Peak
and Swain developments this
year to add to its Roxbury and
Royal Mountain centers. just
q year old. Sullivan County
and the towns Of Webb and
Lake Pleasant expect to have
ski developments in operation
next year. The new Whiteface
center is to open this season.
The Wildcat Mountain Ski
Area at Pinkham Notch in New
Hampshire has added 70 acres
Of new slopes and trails.
The Wildcat resort also is
installing a gondola lift. a type
new to the United States. It's
steel and glass enclosed 2-pas-
senger cars can carry 600 pas
sengers an hour to the Wild
cat Mountain summit.
Mt. Sunapee State Park has
a new lift. too. New Hamp-
shire's other major ski areas
are standing pat with present
equipment.
A new corporation at Wind
sor. VT. is developing the Mt.
Ascutney ski area into q major
resort. It will have q capacity
Of 1000 skiers. Plans call for
snowmaking equipment, q T.
bar lift, a main slope Of 2,10O
feet, a new trail and an en-
larged warming hut.
The National Association OF
Travel Organizations reports
that in southern California, in
Arizona, New Mexico and Ne
vada, shirt-sleeved men al
ready can be seen loading skis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
s...;, 49,

The outlook seems fair to
good in neighboring States for
rabbits. the most pursued Of all
wild game. Maryland's season
Is November l5-January S. The
Virginia season is November l8-
January 10 west of the Blue
Ridge and November l8-Janu-
airy 20 east of the Blue Ridge.
In West Virginia the season is
November ll-January 4, Penn
sylvania, october 26-November
80 and North Carolina, Novem-
Der 28-February 10.
Virginia reports an increase
In the number of rabbits but
Maryland says that while there
was q large early crop. it seems
70 have dwindled due to pred
Ators and deaths along high
ways. A fair take is expected,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03
Deer

Prospects Of those who hunt
big game animal in this area,
are very good. Bauserman says
he is predicting a kill of $4,000
in Virginia. Last year he said
he predicted a take of $4,000
and the actual count was 81 800.
Bauserman is proud of Vir-
ginia's record in deer propaga-
ton considering the fact that
there were practically no deer
in the State 80 years ago. Dur
ing the past year IA tons of salt
were put out for the deer and
400 to 500 acres of food planted.
Virginia's biggest deer kill is
west of the Blue Ridge. Shen-
andoah County led last year in
number of deer killed. with
Bath second and Augusta third.
This year the dates are Novem-
Der Is through %. On the last
two days, both bucks and does,
may be taken. East of the Blue
Ridge the season runs from
November Is to January 5. In
this area it has been traditional
to stage organized hunts with
hounds.
Most hunters in the tide
water area use shotguns, al
though rifles are not barred
from all counties east of the
Blue Ridge. Bauserman said
that nearby Prince William
County, which has just been
opened to hunting, has an
abundance Of deer.
He added that hunters may
have to go back further into
the hills in both the Eastern
and Western areas because the
crop of mast (acorns. grapes,
etc. is better this fall.
Maryland also expects an in
crease in the deer kill this
season. Last year the take was
about 1000. Because Of the
growth of the herds. one days
hunting is being allowed for
both does and bucks in the
three lower Eastern Shore
counties of Somerset. Worcester
and Wicomico. A special per-
NIT is necessary.
The States special bow
season opened october rs and
ends November IA. The gen.
eral deer season runs from
December 2 through Decem-
Der 7.
West Virginia's special bow
season is october IL through
November 80 and general
season, the same as Maryland's.
Pennsylvania deer season is
from December 2 through IA,
and North Cardinals. desig-
mated counties. October l.
January is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-03

The season on ducks and
geese opens Thursday and ex-
tends through January Is in
Maryland, Virginia and North
Carolina. In West Virginia 1t
runs from November 3-January
IL and in Pennsylvania from
November q January 10 in
counties bordering the Della
ware and october 15-December
% through the rest of the
State.
Prospects for the season are
somewhat uncertain. Advice
from Bert w. Cartwright, chief
naturalist of Ducks Unlimited
of Canada who made a $1,000
mile tour of breeding grounds
in Alberta, Saskatchewan and
Manitoba, was that there may
be a moderate decrease.
Hunters in the United
States will find plenty of
targets" he said, but we doubt
whether the flight will reach
the heavy volume of last year."
To help in the work Of water
fowl conservation, the District
Chapter of Ducks Unlimited
was recently revitalized and re-
organized. Its chairman is
Mai. Gen. Howard C. Davidson
Contributions may be sent to
w. C. Coe, 626 Woodward
Building, Washington S. D. C.
A check of the Atlantic Fly
way population by the Fish
and Wildlife Service as of
october 26 produced an oddity,
At the Blackwater Refuge in
Dorchester County. Maryland
10000 geese and 1890 ducks
were reported to have arrived
Last year at this time. $4,000
geese and only $4,000 ducks
were counted.
The big increase was in the
puddle ducks, such as pintails
and widgeons. At the Susque-
hanna Flats. puddle ducks also
were present in great numbers
while the diving ducks such as
canvasback and redheads were
missing. indicating that Their
flights are still to come. Fish
and Wildlife was at a loss to
explain the big early flight OF
the puddle ducks.
The Maryland commission
expects an excellent season for
geese. Denmead says Eastern
Shore conditions are equally as
good as last year when more
than 100000 we're bagged. More
than 5000 were spotted in the
fields on a recent drive by a
game management agent be-
tween Cambridge and Balti-
more.
New hunting regulations will
help the waterfowl this year.
Federal restrictions on batting
have been strengthened by
making 1t illegal to hunt ducks
and geese on or near grain
shocks removed from fields
where crown and reshocked Ia