davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Mr.. Dulles New Approach

Secretary Dulles may not have sue
ceeded in parrying the congressional
threat to the administrations $44 billion
foreign aid program. In his testimony
yesterday, however, he proposed some
sensible revisions in the program which
were received favorably by several of his
erstwhile Senate critics.
One key Dulles recommendation is to
separate the military and the economic
aid programs, with the former being car
ried in the Defense Department budget,
where it belongs. This would present the
entire program to the public in clearer
focus, and might even put stop to the
irresponsible talk about Uncle Sans
extravagant "give-aways."
A second major recommendation
would provide for loans for economic as
sistance on long-term basis. Congress
still would provide funds on an annual
basis, but the need to seek new authori-
cations each year would be eliminated,
thereby making possible better planning
and administration. Grants to foreign
countries for economic aid would not be
eliminated, but the expectation is that
they would be used only in emergency
situations.
Mr.. Dulles said he did not believe
adoption of these changes would involve
any significant notifications in the cost
of the administrations program for the
coming fiscal year. The possibility of a
severe cut in the requested funds re-
mains, OF course, as an ver-present
threat. But revised program, making
the proper distinctions between military
and economic assistance, and putting
major emphasis in the latter category on
self-help loans rather than grants, should
have much better chance of obtaining
congressional approval This will be even
more true if Congress deals with the pro-
gram on its merits, as distinguished from
the many Misrepresentation concern
ing it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES (. TRACEWELL

something, in regard to sing
ing. Let's say, adult singing.
Ones lungs and chest mus
Giles do need stirring up.
Nothing else will do it quite
as well.
But psychology is against
the older man or woman. We
were brought up, in a very
fine age, to be restrained.
This attitude not only made
life better for our fathers and
mothers, it brought certain
good qualities into our own
lifes, too.
A little repression. We still
think, is what the human ami
NAL needs, not less of it.
What taking of the brakes
will do in the large, is easily
seen in any daily paper in
any city, hamlet or suburb in
tfle united SJaJeS.
We are such things as dreams
are made of, true; but also
we are muscles, bones and
blood. These things are
spanked by vitamins and hor-
mones, which suddenly, even
at thought, plunge us into
ancestral action.
We need brakes, restraints.
and leashes, just as dogs do.
In putting on the brakes, in
singing, We take away from
ourselves one of the real joys
of life.
How easy it is to satisfy the
craving to "let CO." by singing
a few bars when the urge
comes!
But it must be, as our cor
respondent says, about sing
ing. not the tight sort of thing.
the repressed.
Here is one place We can
play it both ways and win.
Let the voice out. Below.
if you still can. (You probably
can't, but do the best you cam
Shake the rafters. if you
have rafters.
Make the welkin ring, what
ever that is. cts the vault
Of heaven, the sky, loosely,
the dictionary says. the air.
Stir up the air. make things
hum, set the pup barking. and
the neighborS wondering what
on earth is happening next
door.
Don't be afraid.
They may envy youl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Thompson's Views

Dorothy Thompson. in her
column of March 30 distorts
the record in an effort to
smear Israel as an aggreSSor.
The record shows that the
United Nations and the United
States in their resolutions on
the Middle East hostilities, in
the Security Council and in the
General Assembly. never &C
cuSed any nation of being an
aggreSsor. The word does not
appear in the language of the
United States representative
in the United Nations or in any
OF the resolutions or speeches
affecting Great Britain. France
and Israel. There can be no
doubt that 1t was deliberately
avoided.
Miss Thompson's column
also tries to give the i'm
preston that Egypt favors
a buffer zone when in
fact just the opposite is true.
When U. N. Gen. Burns made
his proposal in 1855 for a
barbed-wire barrier along the
GAIA Strip, it was opposed
by Egypt. This Egyptian posi-
ton was pointed out again
by the New York Times on
Sunday, March 81, 1857,
in connection with a new
proposal TO erect a barbed-
wire barrier along the GAIA
Strip. The New York Times
said: "In the past the Egyp-
tians have opposed such a
move on the ground that 1t
would give the line some i'm
preston of permanence.
1t Is Egypt, not Israel, which
refuses to make peace. and so
long as Egypt continues to
pronounce herself at war with
Israel there will be a continu-
ing threat to the security OF
our own country and 10 the
peace OF the free world.
Miss Thompson's column,
like many others she has writ
ten. CLOSES over the central
fact of the Near East crisis.
That is Egypt's declared and
avowed and unremitting war
against Israel.
s. Hauser.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Help for Children

The American Legion'S interest in
good citizenship is we'll known. Not so
well known generally are its intensive
efforts to promote good citizenship
through the molding of youth at the i'm
questionable age. To bring the program
to wider public attention and thus to
effect better community teamwork
toward this praiSeworthy end, the Legion
has designated April as Child Welfare
Month. During this observance local
posts of the veterans organization
throughout the Nation will endeavor to
expand their work for boys and girls
especially in the related fields Of educa-
ton and vocational training.
The Legion's youth program started
out as an effort to aid children of war
veterans in need of additional schooling
or training. But now the program ex-
tends to all children. It includes pro-
motion of better educational and voca-
tional facilities for mentally and phySi-
cally handicapped children, recruitment
Of personnel for institutions short Of
instructors, counseling of children and
parents with view to continuing educa-
ton beyond the high school courses,
scholarships for children of deceased or
disabled veterans and spiritual and re-
ligious training for all children. The
Importance and constructive nature of
such broad attack on juvenile delin-
quency are Self-evident.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Auto Inspection

We were happy to read in
The Star that the Maryland
Senate had killed the bill which
would have required an annual
inspection of cars and trucks
at private garages.
We have had car inspec-
tions in which our brakes were
checked and next morning the
pedal went to the fioorl We
drove safely many years with a
cracked window pane which
we would have had to repair
and couldn': because Of family
expenses.
We've never had an accident
in many years Of driving with
and without inspections. All
the bad accidents we've heard
of in Maryland last year have
involved teen-aeers coming
from d. c. into Maryland to
"hit IL up"
We feel the citizens of the
United States are capable of
realizing they shouldn't drive
unsafe cars and that a car can
be kept safe without the metic-
ulous examination by d. C. In
spectors.
Mr.. and Mrs. Norman Irvine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
@ STREET.

. 6EE L.
Dear Sir:
II would like to put in a
good word for singing. I don't
mean professional singing, but
Just the noise most Of us make
when we try to sing.
This idea came to me re-
Gently when my wife made
some rather derogatory re-
marks about my own attempts
to intone some of the presently
popular songs.
II thought was doing all
right, although I knew l was
not putting in the strange
noises many of today's young
singers use.
THE fact that they don't
keep time. and are often off,
key, doesn't worry me. but
those noises!
II was doing pretty wen, I
thought. when this mate o.
mine tsong influence) said I
should sing in the bathtub. or
else.
II thought that was pretty
uncalled-for criticism, so be-
gan to sing louder and louder.
and found that really, I had
a good voice.
The reason I had never
discovered it was that ! had
always sung sotto-voice before.
My discovery is this:
Let the voice out, really
sing for all you are worth.
I'VE oldsters. brought up in
the days of repression. never
let our voices out, except maybe
at school, and all the other
kids were doing the same. so
We seldom knew whether We
had voices or not.
4
Il believe that If more Of
US. in our SOS. say, really let
the old voice roll, we would
give ourselves some good
breathing, and shake up the
lungs ano abdominal muscles.
There is more than one way
to get constitutional exercise.
1t doesn't have to be walking.
/ hate walking, but / now love
singing.
And steadfastly refuse to
go to the bathtub for it.
yours resolutely, JIM
Nc D."
Okay. Jim. you win. We bet.
And we believe you have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09

@. What famous people were
born in April?-F. T.
A. Among them may be
named: Shakespeare. Thomas
jefferson, Oliver Cromwell.
Benjamin Disraeli, Hans Chris
tan Andersen, William Words
worth, Ell Greco. Guglielmo
Marconi, Samuel F. B. Morse.
William Harvey. Booker T.
Washington, J. P. Morgan,
Adolf Hitler, Nikolai Lenin.
@. Is couvade q disease?
j. w.
A. No, 1t Is a custom which
has been observed among ma
tives Of many lands. in which
the father Of newborn infant
pretends to be going through
the same experiences as the
mother, acting as If he also
were physically affected by the
birth. The word couvade Is
from the French verb couver,
meaning to hatch.
@. What is the purpose OF
the B'nai B'rith?--L. f.
A. Founded in l843, this or
ganization proposes TO serve
the Jewish people. and hui
mainly generally, through phi
lanthropic. educational. cul-
tural, youth. and patriotic
programs; and to promote the
advancement Of human rights
@. What is a double starr
C.P.
A. A double star is a pair
Of stars which revolve around
a center of gravity between
them. Sometimes double stars
are so close together that they
appear to be a single star,
even when looked at through
the largest telescopes. Double
stars are also called binaries.
@. How did international
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
ON THE RECORD
Britain Loses Great Power Role
By DOROTHY THOMPSON

The British White Paper
announcing drastic reductions
in defense spending and, in
the near future, the abolition
of the draft. should not come
as a surprise. however much
it may upset the Pentagon.
Since the end of World War
II, Britain has strained herself
to maintain or recover the
position she held before it, as
one OF the premier powers of
the world on a more or less
equal basis with the United
States and the Soviet Union.
This ambition was not
merely a matter of pride. The
existence of only two great
powers in the world does not
make for either stability or
peace.
1t means that areas of
weakness between them-and
these areas today comprise a
large part of Europe, Asia,
Africa and the Middle East
invite the intervention of both
in an effort by each to aug
ment its strength, or merely
withhold additional strength
from the other.
Cold War Contest
This competition, continu-
ally waged on all levels, mill
tary, political, economic. and
propagandistic. is the So
called "cold WARMTH all the
implicit possibilities of an
eventual hot war. amounting
to a battle for the world.
The exit from history Of any
great power brings with it
great disabilities and over
turns, as the survivors strug-
gle to become its heirs. This
was so well realized by our
political ancestors that they
strove to save rather than de-
stroy their defeated enemies.
The concept of uncondi-
tional surrender, of total de-
struction of power, was re-
jected. less from chivalrous
considerations (although the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09

aristocratic spirit of magma
nimity was more discernible
than in our democratic age)
than from candid realization
of the dangers of an abyss.
This has been a century of
great wars, the demise of great
powers, the dissolution of
great empires, and the power
division of the world.
1t has therefore become a
world with diminishing checks
and balances upon the two
titans.
British Power Tested
Britain is still a power. But
she is not a premier power.
The aborted action in Suez
was the test. She could not,
or dared not. carry it through
without the support of the
United States or a disinterested
posture by the Soviet Union.
The British governing classes
whether Conservative or
Labor are drawing the logical,
and indeed inevitable, con-
clusion: Britain must cut the
cloth to suit her real position.
Without adequate power
measured by such factors as
numerical population. strength.
geographical size, relative self
sufficiency in food and raw
materials, financial solvency,
and Tin the atomic age vul-
nerability of geographical posi-
ton. Great Britain cannot
continue to carry responsible
ties now. probably. beyond her
means.
The White Paper, an expose
of admirable clarity. contains
material for much detailed
analysis, but Britain's reluc-
tant acknowledgment of her
real position is the gist of it.
The strength of the British
mind is that it does not reject
facts, however melancholy
they may be. In this case,
melancholy not only for
Britain but for the whole
free-and civilized-world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Suez Solution
The philosopher.

The philosopher. Emmanuel
Kant. in his essay Perpetual
Peace" states that an essen
tial condition for civilized re-
lationships among individuals
and nations is that none
should impose upon others
conditions to which he. in his
turn. is unwilling to submit.
However, the Western pow
ers daily make propositions
concerning Suez which we
would consider insulting If
rendered in relation to Pam
anna. We have the Monroe
Doctrine. embracing the entire
Western Hemisphere. but If
China asserts that Formosa
falls within her legitimate
sphere of interest. there is
apoplexy in Washington.
This kind of thinking was
never admirable nor Christian,
but the strong have always
INDUCED it at the expense of
the weak. In today's world it
could prove fatal.
There is a solution to Suez
which would ask no more of
Egypt than of ourselves. 1t
was suggested several years
ago by Emily Greene Balch.
winner Of the Nobel Peace
Prize in l947. Miss Balch pro-
posed that all strategic water
ways be internationalized by
turning over their control and
operation to the United Ma
tons. She pointed out that
this function would be self
supporting, since the tolls
would cover all costs. She fur
Their suggested that by a grad
ual process Of turning other
functions over to the U. N,
that organization would ulti-
mately become capable of serv-
ing a world community and
preventing war.
How can We afford 10 ques-
ton the reasonableness Of
Egypt or the USSR when we
ourselves are trying to exact
from others concessions We do
not dream of granting our
selves? Why should we decry
the ineffectiveness of the U. N.
when we have so far been UNI
willing to transfer to it pow
ers necessary to create peace
in the world community?
When we are willing to put
disarmament under reason
able controls first instead of
last in our policy considera-
tions. when We are willing to
internationalize all waterways,
and not just somebody else's
waterway. then we will have
some basis for judging who is
reasonable and who is not.
And, incidentally, we will have
some real prospects of keep
ing this planet inhabited,
which hardly seems possible
under our present policies.
Janice Holland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Cut in School BUDGET

we nave Iedu CI1dt Tie NOm-
sioners were more dismayed
by the House Appropriations
Committee refusal of a full
Federal payment than they
were by specific proposed re-
auctions in the 1855 District
budget. We, too, cry unjust"
to the cut Federal payment.
but as parents and teachers
We are extremely disturbed at
the slash in the $936.212 for
long sought items to improve
educational standards. These
are the very heart, breath, and
bone of the operations side of
the 1858 school budget. These
are the things that supervisors.
principals. and teachers re-
ferred to when they said to
the Davis Committee last
autumn. given a few of the
things We have never had
enough of. We want to, can.
and will do the job we have
never been able to do before.
They meant smaller elemen-
tary classes. increased guild
ance and supervision for the
needed teachers, instruction
for the needed teachers, in
struction for those children re-
quiring special educational
help. a more adequate dag
nostic service. These are the
very things slashed by the
$4,000 reduction.
We are very grateful. of
course, for congressional rec
ognition that elementary
classes must be smaller and
that the necessary teachers
cannot be cleaned from the
junior and senior high schools.
But II we hire 1877 new teach
erS next year to reduce our
elementary classes to an over
all 80, We do so at the expense
OF Is badly needed special
teachers. s elementary super
visors. and personnel for the
Department of Pupil Ap-
praisal. Or If We halve each
request we come out with
added delay in our most basic
need. to bring elementary
classes down to 80. We come
out with four speech therap-
pists in the face of 906 children
waiting such help. We come
out with two remedial reading
teachers and a current watt
ing list Of about 400. We come
out with three more elemen-
tary supervisors to help sery-
ice 100 buildings, at least 10
OF them with over 80 teachers.
We come out with about 9
more psychologists in the face
OF 400 children who had to
remain INFESTED last year.
These few fundamental re-
quests had been cut to the
minimum before they even
reached the Hill. We simply
cannot countenance this con-
slant watering down of re-
quirementS for lifting Sagging
standards.
Washington citizens Join us
Let's give our children a
chance at learning as today
they are being given a chance
TO eat. Let us remember what
Committee Chairman Rabaut
observed about the economic
ally and educationally under
fed: The more these people
are given an opportunity to
get an education and fit into
the American picture. in my
opinion, the better for us as
a whole"
Mrs. Charles Roberts, Presi-
dent. PTA Area Council
Six. D. c. Congress of
Parents and Teachers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09

law get established in the first
lace?-J. C.
A. Some international laws
have been agreed upon by
treaties among nations. Others
have grown into law through
long years of custom and
usage. There is no organiza-
ton which passes interna-
tional laws. and no police
power TO enforce them-but
there is a body of rules which
civilized nations usually OBJ
serve in their relations with
one another.
@. What is an illuminated"
manuscript?-E. L.
A. This Is a manuscript
which is ornamented and IL
Illustrated. Many of the early
manuscripts were works OF art,
with handwriting beautifully
done, and with illustrations
and decorations in gold or
color.
@. Is the mother of Harold
Macmillan. British Prime Min
ister, still living? --R. +.
A. No. Nellie lBelleS) Mac
milan, native of Spencer.
Ind. died in 1885 at the age
Of 81. and is buried IN the
churchyard Of st. Giles, at
Horsted Keynes in Sussex,
England.
@. Is it correct to call an
evening bridge game dessert
bridge" If only a dessert is
served?-A. M.
A. Although the term "des-
sert bridge" is probably used
more often to describe an aft
ernoon affair. preceded by a
dessert, it may also be applied
to an after-dinner bridge. In
this case the dessert may be
served before play begins or
when it is finished.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09

instance, food production was down while
industrial activity showed gains.
The favorable margin of total pro-
duction in the free world-primarily in
the United States and Western Europe
is one of the major deterrents to Soviet
aggression. Every possible effort should
be made to maintain it, 1t is not yet
really endangered, but the u NJ statis-
tics reflect the determined course of the
opposition bloc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
a public service. And so should
textbooks.

public service. And so should
textbooks.
But on the other hand: Junk
Mail-f1yers in envelopes, PAM
phlets. catalogs. free" pack
ages.
Not long ago / encountered
our mail carrier in the apart
ment lobby. two hours late.
This is why" he said. He
held up a small food sample
package. "I'm two hours late
now and about halfway on the
route. 1t will mean several
hours of overtime, $3.50 an
hour at my rate. l can use
the money but I'd rather not
have it," And we'd rather not
have such So-called free"
samples. Why should Uncle
Sam collect from all his tax
payers Ior tnat KIND OF SUBSIDY?
Earl Scoop Shutz.
All this mail (which most
of us appropriately call Junk
mail"l is a nuisance and !
don't understand why the tax
payers must help to pay for it.
In my house this type of mail
is never opened, but goes
directly into the trash. If the
senders of this type Of mail
had to pay a reasonable rate
for mailing it. they would
think twice before burdening
the mailman. the housewife,
and the trash man. Why
shouldn't they have to pay for
the privilege Of torturing us?
II they have so much money
to spend printing the trash,
why can't they spend some for
adequate postage? AS long as
this abuse continues ! can
not feel sympathetic toward
Mr.. Summerfield's budget
problems.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Waiting Through April

She Uaiks along the oreenino
earth
While birth
Calls her beguilingly, stirring
perSiStentiy,
Counting each sun mashed
hour
As quiet as an opening Hower
She traits the miracle that
pleads inSiStently.
Moude Rubin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
Junk Mail
Janice Holland.

With Postmaster General
Summerfield and Representa-
tive Cannon hurting horrid ac-
cusations at each other, let
a member Of the public toss
a suggestion: AS a taxpayer
and a victim of bulk mail"
and occupant mail" pro-
test! Daily, ! find myself
knee-deep in a barrage OF
messages from various enter
prises which cannot face the
problems Of the day without
extending to me an invitation
to use their coupons, buy their
groceries. borrow their money,
read their books and join their
clubs. This outrageous torrent
of trivia flowing through my
mail slot presents a pollution
problem at least equal to the
Potomac's.
II the public is to be served,
perhaps 1t should be consulted.
Away with this bulk" and "oc-
cupant" mail and pillow the saw
ings into efficient delivery OF
the mail we want and need.
lily Tyde.
My wife is worried about
what a postal raise might do
TO the letter, magazine. book
and pamphlet programs of our
national organizational assets.
in which she has either active
or spectator interest. They in
clude her church. a couple Of
orders In which she has men,
bership, fraternities and sorori-
ties. Scouts. Camp Fire Girls,
health organizations and so on.
She contends correctly, l be-
lievel that they are large in
the American cultural pattern
and to be encouraged by low
postal rates.
Air and first class mail are
paying their way. Therefore,
they should not be penalized
now. Newspapers and maya
zines should have low rates az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used u
letters carry tDriteTS' correct
ndmes and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-09
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BY THE HASkIN SERVICE
return postage