davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Lowering the Boom

The consequences Of his own wrong
doing are beginning to close in on James
r. Hoffa.
A Federal Judge temporarily en-
joined him earlier this week from taking
over as president of the Transfers. And
now the AFL-CIo Executive Council,
voting IS to 4. has suspended the Team
sters, and there Is every indication that
the union win be expelled at the Deem
Der convention unless 1t cleans house
Of Hoffa and the likes Of Hotfa.
This was q courageous step for the
council TO take. and we think the rs
members who voted for decent union
ism merit the fullest encouragement
and support. OF course. 1t may not be
possible to purge the Transfers of Hoffa
and the others, and In that event the
Transfers viii go 1t alone. or in alliance
with other disreputable union groups.
II this happens. 1t will pose a serious
problem. But this is a bridge which
cannot be crossed now. For the moment
there Is nothing to be done except to
support the efforts to clean up the
Teamsters-and hope for the best.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
n 1t Takes All Winter

General Grant, begged down In the
bloody campaign Of 1854, Is reported to
have told General Halleck that he pro-
posed ito fight 1t out on this line II 1t
takes all summer" With Just q slight
seasonal switch. this grim resolve seems
to be emerging again on the Little Rock
battlefront.
At any rate. according to the New
York Herald Tribune. IS Of the 500 Fed
eral paratroopers still on duty in Little
Rock have been flown back to Fort
Campbell to be equipped with winter
gear. The others viii be similarly win
terized on q rotation basis.
Things seem rather quiet along the
Little Rock front at this moment, but
It may be necessary, we suppose. to keep
the troops there all winter and maybe
longer. If so. however, 1t is q sad COM
mentary on troop-enforced indignation,
or, as the President puts 1t. on troop
enforced respect for and obedience to
Federal court rulings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Sensible Revision

The Civil Service Commissions de-
cision to ask Congress to modify the
Hatch Act, which restricts political
activities Of Federal employees, resulted
from its belief that the law now is too
stern to be effective. This seeming
anomaly arises from the laws mandate
for a 90-day suspension of any employe
found guilty by the commission OF a
violation-regardless Of how trivial the
violation might be.
A study Of the acts enforcement
has revealed that many known violations
of a relatively minor nature have been
ignored by department officials, rather
than subject the offender to what they
regard as too-severe punishment. The
law at present gives the commission no
discretion as to penalties.
Commission authorities have felt for
some time that better observance of the
law could be obtained II there were some
fiexibility In this respect. They contend
that warning is all that Is needed in
some cases involving inadvertent viola
tions of minor import. Short "suspen-
sion" sentences would be appropriate in
other cases. This is a sensible reform
that requires amendment of the Hatch
Act. The Senate and House Civil Serv-
ice Committees, incidentally, are making
studies Of the Hatch Act, with view
TO modifying 1t In certain respects. The
commissions proposal probably will have
favorable reception. therefore. q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

recently OF our own military experts has
been the development Of an atomic
depth bomb. capable Of destroying q
submarine far distant from the explo-
sion site. The new depth charge can be
launched either from planes or ships.
In view OF ominous reports as to the
growing size Of the Soviet submarine
feet, this antisubmarine weapon surely
adds tremendous strength TO our defense
arsenal.
The best news Of all, however, Is
that the United States and Great Britain
have agreed to work out an arrangement
for pooling our talents and resources in
missile and nuclear research and devel-
opment Both nations are prime target
areas for Red missiles and other weapons
in event Of another world war. And
both can benefit--as can the free world
generally--from q coordination Of
American and British rocket and nuclear
programs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Our Missile Progress

The sudden rash Of headlines deal
ing with latest achievements of made
in-America rockets and other weapons
Is, we hope, an encouraging indication
Of our own progress in the vital field Of
military research and development. The
news Of the Air Forces high-fiying, bal
loon-launched rocket at Eniwetok, Of the
successful Vanguard tests, Of the Army
Jupiter and Air Force Thor launch
ings and Of the Nays formidable anti
submarine weapon, the atomic depth
bomb, has tended to shove Russia's Sput-
mix on the front pages.
1t would be a mistake, however, to
exaggerate the Importance Of our an
nounced advances or to underestimate
the Importance of what Russia has done
and may stiIl be doing or preparing to
do. The significant fact that cannot be
evaded Is that Sputnik is up there in
the sky, whizzing around the earth at
$4,000 miles an hour-and that 1t must
have required a rocket Of interconti-
nental-ballistic power TO put 1t there.
The flight of the Vanguard must be
measured against the Soviet accom-
plishment. The Vanguard scared to
100 miles, but 1t is only the prototype
Of one stage Of the rocket which we hope
will carry a small test satellite into
space next month. A satellite with trans
hitting and recording instruments is
not scheduled for launching until some
time next spring. 1t will be much
smaller than Sputnik.
The firing Of rocket from balloon
platform 100000 feet In the air to the
record height Of 1000 miles
or more Is, of course, noteworthy SCI
entific feat. But there has been no
claim that this rocket has military value
beyond its role as gatherer Of scien-
tific data about conditions at extreme
attitudes.
More significant, militarily, are the
successful firings of the Jupiter and the
Thor. The former Is the Army's entry
In the contest with the Air Force over
development of an intermediate range
ballistic missile, the so-called IRBM. The
Air Force previously had fired its Thor
IRBM satisfactorily on two occasions.
These continuing tests are being closely
watched by Defense Secretary McElroy
in an effort to decide which missile to
concentrate on. However, we so far
have failed to launch successfully an
intercontinental ballistic missile-al-
though Russia claims to have done so
and Sputnik seems to indicate that the
claims may have real substance.
Perhaps the mosh1olid achievement
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

In denying an injunction
that would have blocked cleo
tons at the Hoffa rugged
Transfers convention. Chief
Justice Earl Warren said:
THE relief sought at this
date would call for an
extraordinary exercise Of ju-
dicial power that only the
most compelling circum-
stances would warrant. To
enjoin the election Of officers
would indeed be q drastic
action" The circumstances
Of this case could hardly have
been more compelling"
Can you believe that this
Is the same all-wise judge
who did not hesitate TO re-
sort to drastic action" and
enjoin the States from pro-
viding separate SCHOOLS Ior
the races. which was not war
ranted by compelling circum-
stances" or to violate States
rights and judicially repeal q
'law Of the land" which had
Supreme Court and nation
wide approval for So years;
than which there has never
been Q more extraordinary
exercise of judicial power?
II Is hardly possible that
Justice Warren suddenly be-
came q convert to the tradi-
tional conception Of judicial
restraint. More likely. as in
the school integration case.
he was merely again playing
the age-old game Of politics.
Old ReactiOnary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
View of Hiqh Bench

In q letter. Warren Cox
states that, However much
q person may oppose integra-
ton. he must realize that
ultimatively Arlington must
comply with the decisions Of
the Supreme Court Of the
United States or abandon Its
public schools"
Mr.. Cox Is laboring under
the idea that once the Su-
preme Court has made q de-
cision. II cannot be changed.
One Is led to believe that
the Supreme Court has never
reversed itself. nor Congress
ever repealed q law. We live
in q changing world. Even
Supreme Court justices
change. and with new jus
tees come new ideas. Who
knows. the next court might
decide that the doctrine laid
down In Plessy v. Ferguson.
Of separate but equal facil-
tiles. is more nearly In keep
ing with the concept Of q
free people. Or even the pres
ent court might decide that
1t erred in handing down q
decision which has TO be
enforced with guns and
bayonets.
It Is significant to note
that Human Events Of Octo-
Der 10 carried an excerpt
from q speech made by for
mer Associate Justice Stanley
Reed in which he said that,
The civil rights decisions
Of the Supreme Court have
called forth harshly worded
criticism. The objections pro-
coed chiefly from those whose
judicial philosophy differs
from that Of the court
majorities. but criticism Is
one thing the First Amend
ment does not forbid. Fortu-
nately. wrong decisions are
not irremediable. The over
ruling Of constitutional de-
cisions when their error be-
comes apparent Is essential"
The former Justices words
should have special bearing
on current discussions Of the
law Of the land. since he was
q member Of the court that
handed down the school,
segregation ruling.
The real issue is whether
the States have the right.
under the protection Of the
Constitution. to govern their
own affairs. This makes the
issue just as important to
New England and the Pacific
Coast as IL does to the South.
Kitty L. Reynolds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

@. Can hickory nut trees
be grown from seed? TT.
A. Yes. but as these trees
rarely come true from seeds.
1t Is an almost useless pro-
cedure. It Is worthwhile to
purchase the trees from q
reliable dealer. When plant
ing hickories. be careful not
to injure their deep taproot.
@. Where did the Tusca-
rora Indians live?--W. b.
A. Originally these North
American Indians lived along
several rivers in the territory
south of present Raleigh.
N. c. In It'll. there were
about 1000 Of them In Is
towns. But the white settlers
encroached on their lands.
as well as kidnapped their
young people to sell into West
Indian and New England
slavery. and the Tuscaroras
came TO hate the settlers. d
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
RY THE HASKIN SERVICE


feated In continued fighting
with the settlers the remnant
Of the tribe migrated north
and In l722 was adopted into
the League Of the IroQuois In
upper New York State. In the
American Revolution. the
Tuscaroras sided with the
Colonists.
@. Who said. Nothing
great happens all at once?"
-R. l..
A. Nothing great comes
into being all at once" Is
found in the first book OF
"Discourses Of Epictetus."
written by Flavius Arrianus
&c. CSC. 1907. Greek historic
an, soldier, and philosopher.
He was q pupil and friend OF
Epictetus. who was also .
Greek philosopher. Epictetus.
q slave when young. did not
himself put his teachings
into writing. T.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Retreat in Virqinio'

Permit me to praise you for
the pointed and truthful edi-
toral Of October 81. entitled
Retreat In Virginia"
Virginia Is engaged In a
legal battle TO preserve the
segregated school system
since the mandate was deliv-
cred by the Supreme Court
May, 1854. It would seem
that the massive resist
ance" force should be very
tired Of court litigations
where there Is no possible
chance to win the right to
maintain segregated public
schools.
The massive resistance"
group would do well to think
in terms Of having fought q
lengthy fight but q worthless
one and direct energies and
intelligence to peacefully
comply and cut on delays
which could be used to get
the citizens In position to re-
ceive what Is inevitable.
Virginia, the Mother State
Of the South. has lost much
Of her once owned respect by
allowing herself to be fooled
into believing that segrega-
ton has q chance to be vail
dated.
! can imagine that good
thinking people Of both races
Of Virginia are more willing
to accept migration not as
first choice. but as the second
resulting from the Supreme
Court refusal to review q
lower court decision ruling
out the Pupil Placement Act.
Candidates for State Of
fees who would like to imply
that they are able to pre-
serve segregated public
schools In view Of the ruling
Of the Supreme Court are
misleading their constituents.
Or. Davis w. Boar.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

nave been OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
In Florida.
The finding was made at
the Wakula Spring. about IS
miles south Of Tallahassee.
It is q circular pool about 800
feet In radius out Of which
water from o subterraneaIl
river flows into the Gulf Of
Mexico. Using aqualunes.
Salzman and Jenkins Owed
100 feet deep into this spring.
Probing around IN the total
darkness Of the bottom they
located the cave entrance
and proceeded to crawl into
it for nearly Q quarter mile.
This Is by far the greatest
distance yet achieved by the
cave divers. all adventurous
college students. The pre-
vious record was about 200
feet.
The sport" was started
about four years ago at both
Florida State and the Uni
versity Of Florida. Because
Of q fatal accident It now has
been discontinued at the
latter institution. With pres
ent equipment, about the
longest anybody can stay in
such q cave is IS minutes.
Then an hour must be spent
in decomposition.
Other Discoveries
Besides the archaeological
find. the cave divers are dis
covering q quite unusual
fauna in the depths. To date
Salzman and Jenkins have
found q catfish, several va.
rieties Of cells and q species
Of shrimp with rudimentary
eyes.
Florida, they point out, f.
unique in that more than half
Of its drainage is by UNDER
ground rivers which have cut
through the underlying lime
stone and most Of which still
are unknown. There is profit
able adventure left for skin
diver explorers, who must be
willing to risk their lives, for
many years to come.
The date when the masto-
don became extinct in the
New world Is debatable, but
1t must have been at least
10000 years ago. Few au-
thorities would admit human
habitation Of the Western
Hemisphere. at least Eastern
North America. for 90 long
q period.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Princip Not q Croot

! am reading Constantine
Browns column regularly
and with great interest. But
in one Of his recent articles
I found this paragraph:
Murder has been used by
the Russians as a political
weapon for q long time. And
Washington and London fear
that another Princip (the
Croatian student who shot
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
OF Austria at the instigation
of Russia and precipitated
World War ID may appear
on the international scene"
Princip was nto q "cro-
attain student" but a Serb
and q member Of a Belgrade
directed revolutionary or
ganization. INF ortunately.
we Croats had enough as
sassins Of our ewn. andN ses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

Your editorial. Some Day.
Maybe" Is stimulating In our
quest for understanding.
There Is q point which is
very important. which is not
stressed by q great many
writer's who are given their
talent to use constructively
and instructively. instead Of
destructively. We. born In
America. do not realize that
the whole concept Of Euro
pean heredity and environ
ment Is woven from . pat
tern based on the teachings
Of men like Socrates, as
written by Plato. and trans
lated by various individuals
who have followed.
It is very difncult for
people from other countries
to interpret our meaning Of
words. in conversation. They
are always on the offensive
until they understand that
the same words can have
several meanings. as to COM
prehension. It Is dificult for
them to participate In COM
petition: they want to excel.
They must be shown by
example. not criticism. or
belittling. Another important
factor is the display Of pref
udice and intolerance that
is very prevalent in their
acceptance as q newcomer.
within q group, especially II
their nature is aggressive in
stead Of passive. Acceptance
must be earned. which takes
time.
AS Americans. who love our
country. our ideas and ideals
must be for the continuance
Of this wonderful world In
which we are living. We are
willing to share all our
knowledge; tolerate all reli-
gions, even atheism: acknowl-
edge all great achievements
with craftsmanship. whether
we win or loose. with q hand
shake. We are not the pin
nacle Of easy street that we
try to portray. We have this
achievement because we as
a Nation have worked hard
together. and are still work
ing hard to share our wealth
and accomplishments with
others.
Some day. maybe. for ten
years We win have q truce,
and all nations will use
every method available to
raise the standard Of living
Of an ever-increasing popula-
ton. through the use of the
scientific marvels that God is
unfolding by the mind Of
man, for construction instead
Of destruction.
Dorothy Denlsons
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Mostodon Bones Found BY Skin-DWers

WOODS HOLE. Mass. -
Florida's cave divers have
found what they believe to
be an ancient Indian
butcher shop" 1000 feet in
side Q water-filled cavern
which opens from the bot
tom Of q lake 100 feet deep.
The findings Of Garry
Salzman and Wally jenkins,
OF Florida State University at
Tallahassee, are probably the
most important development
to date in one Of the most
difiicult and dangerous Of
all sports. The two college
athletes came to experts at
the Woods Hole Oceangraph-
ic Institution here for advice
on even more difficult under
water exploration planned
for the coming winter.
On the cave floor, which
m ay extend unfortunately
under Fiorida's underlying
limestone strata. they found
objects identified as mas
5odon teeth, tusks and rib
bones mixed with an assort-
ment Of flint arrow heads. ).
bone spear points and bits Of
charcoal indicating almost
certain human occupancy.
They may have come upon
the best evidence yet of the
disputed hypothesis that
human beings Of some sort
lived In Florida contempt
raneously with the great
ante-deluvian elephants.
Divers Theory
Their own theory, which
Woods Hole experts believe
has considerable merit, is
that In the time when mas
todon and man were contem-
poraries the cavern was dry,
that the humans hunted the
great beast with spears. and
then dragged parts Of the
bodies into q subterranean
chamber where they were
prepared for eating. Presence
Of the supposed arrow heads
Is somewhat paradoxical. It
is quite improbable that man
at the time Of the mastodon
had yet developed the bow.
Most anthropologists would
question seriously the pres
ence Of humans in the New
World before the extinction
Of the great beasts. There
have. however. been previous
suggestions that the two may
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES (. TRAcEWELL

leaFe 1000 70 decay - flo1cu-
lous. because there are too
many hungry mouths and
bills looking for it.
The sparrows are smart.
and show 1t by taking to the
suburbs. where they ind
mankind's gift to the birds,
the modern feeding station.
The bands of little brown
and gray birds swoop down
and tend to take over Q feed
ing station. but they do not
in any real sense chase other
species away, or cause them
any trouble.
In time. feeder-fed spar.
rows become plumper and
better colored.
Their feathers shine. Their
health improves. a. does the
health Of any living creature
with better food.
Just how many Of these
sparrow bands have come
from the city streets. no one
can say, but some Of them
probably have given I'D the
city for good. as they ind
more and better food in the
outskirts.
Washington's sparrow pop
ulation, despite structures
against 1t, has survived from
the horse-and-buggy days.
and now bids fair to join the
short migration from city to
suburbs.
1t is to be hoped that no
one who genuinely likes the
birds will resent these small
creatures In their efforts TO
find q living.
After all, that Is what all
Of US are trying to do. isn't
1t?
The sparrow hater is Q
type Of human. but he il
offset by many more tolerant
people, who take their birds
as they come. and manage to
md something to admire In
all of them.
There is nothing "ofncial."
after all, about bird life. The
English sparrows may not be
native birds. as such. but they
were brought here; 1t Is not
their fault that cardinals
and mockingbirds and tit
mice and chickadees have to
compete with them.
We do not believe that the
native birds mind them in
the least.
We think the more color
full species rather like to have
them around, feeling as all
small things must that in
numbers there is safety.
It Is only man, with his
super-bombs. who has lost
the comfort Of numbers Of his
own kind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
Dear Sir:
"TAKoMA PARK.

Dear Sir:
How the downtown birds
live is q mystery to some peo-
pie. but ! saw something the
other day which may be q
clue.
II had often wondered
where the sparrows slept. and
now ! know where some Of
them. at least. spend the
night.
"As I went along q business
block. I happened to pass q
sort Of tunnel between two
buildings.
1T afforded . passage to
the rear. and had been COW
cred over. and along the roof.
as 1t were. . long ladder had
been hung.
"As I looked in. attracted by
chirping. ! saw scores Of
small birds perched on the
rungsl
They looked very pretty
there. I thought, because /
am not one Of those who
hate the sparrows.
They seemed beautiful. al
most. as they chung there.
singing the best they could In
the semidarkness.
This was very early in the
morning. and evidently they
had just awakened for the
day. and were doing q little
singing before they arose. II
one could say that.
"One by one they began to
ny out, and / wondered what
they would do. and what they
would eat.
1T must take all their
energy to ind food In such
. place Of hard street and
sidewalk, with few trees any
more. and not much food
spilled around.
VERY truly. AGNES Y"
4
Once upon q time the Eng
lish sparrows, imported in
1854. were the most common
birds Of the city streets.
Today it Is probably the
startling. which appreciates
most Of the warmer air Of
the city. in comparison with
the lower temperatures Of the
suburbs.
The common sparrow has
found out that the suburbs is
the best place TO go to get
something to eat.
There are. Of course, the
many small parks. with
which the city is rich; and
these offer some food at all
times Of the year.
Many persons feed the
birds In the parks, and
crumbs are left. but not
enough food to decay; the
charge that bird feeders
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25

no reason why the Pan-ser-
bian fanatic davrilo Princip
should also be added 70 our
bill.
DR.. vladko Mack.
President Of the Croatian
Peasant Party.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may Be used "
letters carry iDriters' correct
names and addresses. An
letters are subject to condsH-
satiOB.