davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
Food Irrudiution
Progress Made

Another step forward in preser-
walton of foods through irradiation
has been announced by Oregon
State college agriculture chemists.
Chemists E. c. Bubl and j. s.
Butts report that four generations
of rats we're fed a 60 percent diet
of irradiated meat over two year
period with no harmful effects.
The research project, one of
several in the country, is for the
department of defense. The pri-
mary objective of the long-range
work is to supply troops with fresh
meats and other foods that require
sterilization through canning or
freezing.
Should commerical-scal irradi-
alton develop, fresh meats and
other food could be easily trans
ported to troops in distant parts Of
the world, particularly in the trop-
les where processing by freezing
is costly
Test rats were fed on irradia-
tion-preserved beef organs-kidney.
heart, brain, and tripe-that was
ground, mixed, and sealed in cans.
Half the cans were subjected to
high intensity gamma irradiation,
the other half were frozen for
preservation, Rats on the treated
diet grew as well and produced as
many as those on the non-irradi-
ated diet
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
Save Foodstuff If
Power Failure Hits

There is seldom any real need
to lose your freezer full Of meats,
pies, ice cream, nd vegetables
when your electrical power is cut
off for one reason or another.
Most frozen food lost during
power failures is victim Of curl
osity. People just have to open the
door to see whether the food is
spelling and every time they open
the door of freezer they actually
help spoil the food That's because
the temperature within the freezer
rises at least four degrees on every
door opening.
If you keep the door shut during
a power failure, your food will be
safe for up to 48 hours, depending
on the insulation and the amount
Of food it contains.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
Holstein? Cuer nsey? Brown Swiss? Or
Jersey? or Be tier Dairy Operation

are you milking the right breed
Of dairy COW?
DR. w S. Griffith. assistant dairy
specialist at VPI. says dairynlen
are more breed conscious" than
they have been for years. Butterfat
has trouble finding an adequate
market under the present pricing
system In some states. milk that
is lew in solids not-fat brings less
on the market.
The extremes in butterfat tests
are pointed up in the Holstein and
Jersey breeds A normal healthy
Hols'ein COW should produce milk
testing about Sc per cent butterfat
A normal healthy Jersey COW should
produce milk testing 53 per cent
butterfat.
If your market pays we'll for high
butterfat content. then it will proha-
bly, be best to keep Guernseys or
Jerseys However. II the butterfat
differerftial is low. Holsteins may be
the best breed for your market. DR..
Griffith says Brown Swiss and Ayr
shire cattle produce milk testing
about 40 per cent and are closer
to the low than to the high-testing
breeds
Feed Costs
Which COWS are cheaper to feed?
The average COW in a Jersey herd
may produce $50 pounds Of fat and
1000 pounds of milk per year. A
Holstein may average $50 pounds of
fat and 10000 pounds of milk In
other words, the Holstein produces
8 900 pounds more skim milk for an
equal amount of butterfat as the
Jersey If the Jersey weighs 800
pounds and the H 0 S Ell n 1900
pounds, then each 100 pounds of COW
produces the same amount of milk
in either breed In terms of feed
consumed. five Jerseys can be fed
with the same amount of feed need
ed for four Holsteins.
The five Jerseys will produce $50
pounds more butterfat than the four
=, Holsteins, but the Holsteins viii
produce 220 pounds more of solids
not-fat. Ordinarily, we would say
the Jerseys have tremendous ad-
vantage. Dr. Griffith says How
ever, he points out that several
ether factors should be considered
Since the Holtsein is bigger, she will
have a greater salvage value at the
end Of her productive lifetime. The
five Jerseys will need more room
than four Holsteins, and the amount
Of milking time will be 25 per cent
greater for the Jerseys than for the
H0lSteins.
What About Profit?
All things considered. D.. Griffith
SAYS. it seems that a herd of good
Jerseys is inst as profitable as
herd Of good Holsteins. Many com
parsons have been made in which
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
Herald F arm n ews
Principal Crop
Acreage Shows
Decrease for 81

| Virginia farmers planting inten-
tons for spring crops. as reported
to the Cooperative Crop Reporting
Service as of March /, indicate that
about three per cent fewer acres
will be planted to principal crops
than in 1856.
Acreages for all crops are lower
except for total hays. potatoes. bur-
ley tobacco and sweet potatoes.
The greatest reduction in acreage
as a percentage of last year is ex-
pected for flue-cured tobacco. This
is mostly a result of 20 per cent
cut in acreage allotments for this
type.
Fire-cured and sun-cured will also
be lower. but slight increase is
indicated for hurley tobacco.
Soil Banking" of some tobacco
acreage places the expected acreage
under what would be indicated by
allotment changes. The long-t m e
| downward trend In corn acreage
continues. Smaller acreages Of oats
and barley are indicated.
Surprisingly. paintings Of soy
beans are expected to be eight per
cent lower than the record large
acreage of last year. This would be
second to 1856, however.
Grains
AT 791 600 acres, the corn acreage
for 1857 will be four per cent under
last year, thus continuing the long
time downward trend for this crop.
This would be 20 per cent less than
the ten-year i1946-551 average and
historically would be only 80 per
cent Of the States. record large
acreage of 1917. Higher yields and
| sharply reduced workstock numbers
have combined to lower the acreage
needs for this crop.
| The acreage of oats, at 234 900
aci es. will be five per cent less than
last year but will be q per cent
greaetr than the ten-year average
/ Barley acreage, which had been
steadily increasing since 1852 until
last year, again shows decline III
acreage.
Sorghums, used mostly for silage,
forage and grain, Will be planted on
ls>900 acres. a decline of 10 per cent
from 1856
Tobacco
Prospective acreage of tobacco for
1857 reflects changes i'll acreage al
lotments and participation in the
Soil Bank Reserve.
Flue-cured growers report inten-
tons of planting Sc 900 acres, a drop
of "a per cent from last year and
IS per cent below the tensyear aver
age. This viii be the smallest acre
age for Virginia since records were
begun in 1919 Flue-cured alldtments
are 20 per cent smaller than last
year and growers placed about 4 900
acres in the Soil Bank.
Prospective acreage of Iire-cured
tobacco is placed at 7.100 acres.
reduction of II per cent from last
year Allotments were reduced 10
per cent from 1885,. about IS per
cent of the allotment went into the
Soil Bank.
Sun-cured growers put Al per cent
of their 1857 allotment in the Soil
Bank and intend to plant only 1900
acres. This would be nine per cent
below last year and IS per cent
under the ten-year average.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

WaVefly >. Green, chairman IOI
the Farm Credit Board, made sew
eral suggestions in a talk to the
stockholders of the Farmville Pro-
duction Credit Association and the
National Farm Loan Association in
Farmville Saturday.
n N>t.
Green, who operates a 400 acre
dairy farm in Nottoway county, has
been active in farm and legislative
circles for many years. Besides be-
ing chairman of the Farm Credit
Board of the Second Land Bank
District, he has scroll for more
than 80 years service with the Farm
Credit Board
In 1858, Mr.. Green was one of
the two men in the state who re-
ceived certificate of merit from
VPI who in their opinion con-
tributed the most to Virginia Agri-
culture and Rural Industry. He
was formerly agriculture instructor
and principal of Burkeville High
School, and was introduced by G.
w. Palmer. president Of the credit
association. as Professor Green"
Green holds an Honorary State
Farmers Degree for his work with
the Future Farmers OF America He
is at present a member of the Vir-
ginia Advisory Legislative Commit
tee. with se"Vice on the State
Board of Agriculture and Immi-
grafton, the State Agriculture Con
ference Board, vice-president of the
Petersburg HopeWell Milk Pro
ducers Association. as well as being
active in many local clubs.
Displaced Farmers
In view Of the present situation
in agriculture Green coined new
phrase Displaced Farmers" He
said these are tobacco farmers that
have had their allotments cut to a
point where they can't possibly
make a living.
He said it takes at least four
acres Of tobacco to make a prof.
table operation. IN his county Of
Nott0way. he said there were only
63 farmers who have enough to-
bacco to make a reasonable living
The rest Of the growers, ass
farmers in Nottoway county alone"
are Displaced Farmers. THAT is
the picture in bright tobacco" he
emphasized.
Dark tobacco is not much better
he pointed out Out of 274 dark
fired tobacco producers. three have
allotments OF five acres or more
seven have four to five acres, and
eight have three to four acres. The
! rest have less than three acres,
he said
III view Of CHS what can the
farmer do? Here are several sug-
gestions made by Mr. Green
Sell Tobacco AIlotments
He says to get a law passed so
that man can sell his tobacco
allotment. In this way a man that
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

has only one acre can buy the al
lotment of three or four other
farmers and have a profitable OPP
Grafton. One of the necessary safe
guards OF this law would be to pre-
vent the big fellow" from growing
even larger at the expense of the
small producer.
Another possibility is the soil
bank, said the farm-Wise dairy and
tobacco farmer. Use the soil bank
and then get into something else.
Use tobacco as a sideline. Add
other crops and diversity" he sug-
gested
Produce cheaper II d better.
said Green. To help do this he
urged better attendance at agricul-
tural meetings. When county agents,
or other professional workers hold
meetings in the neighborhood, make
an effort to attend, he said
And if these suggestions don't
work, there is the final possibility,
he said. "Quit the farm and get
into something else.
History Repeats Itself
Drawing a comparison with an
cient Rome, Green said in the year
30t. Rene was in a depression. A
socialist put in program, and
fixed everything with q definite
price on it. A mans labor for
day had fixed price. pair of
sandals had fixed price, bread
had a definite price, etc
! 1T worked for a while, Green
pointed out Then the supervisors
got "a little lazy, and they put III
supervisors to supervise the super
visors, They kept On until more
than half the people we're on the
government payroll
Taxes scared. Businessmen left
their businesses and farmers left
the farm
That's what is going to happen
if We continued at the rate we are
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
USDA Sturts Swine
Breeding Program
Recurrent Selection
Method Is Used

A breeding and selection pro-
gram for swine. similar to that
used for increasing yields Of by
brid corn, has been launched by
scientists of the us. Department
Of Agriculture.
This breeding program is being
conducted at USDA's Agricultural
Research Center at Beltsville,
Md A similar program is under
way at Miles City, Mont, as a CO.
operative project between the AIRS
and the Montana Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station
The Beltsville program, expected
to continue for 10 to is years, is
known as "recurrent reciprocal
selection for specific combining
ability" It is a modification of the
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

the information was slanted in one
direction or the other, he points out
He poses another que on.
Should we be working toward a
higher or lower fat for the breed
we prefer?" Take a Holstein pro-
ducing 10000 pounds of milk con-
tanning 3.5 per cent butterfat. If the
fat test were lowered to 80 per
cent. about so pounds Of butterfat
would be lost and 270 pounds of feed
saved. The feed saving would be
worth about. SO. At that rate, the
bitterfat would pay for the extra
feed if it were worth only 10 cents
pound Another loss would be in
the solids not-fat-a around % pounds
DR. Griffith says dairymen can
get the greatest net profit in any
breed by following a few simple
rules:
Feed every COW all the high
quality roughage that she will
eat every day
Treat each COW as an individ-
ual and do thorough job OF
milking her.
Whatever breed is preferred,
keep complete records on all
cows.
1t is not the breed that determines
the profit. DR.. Griffith says. Profit
is the result Of a good dairymen
with good feeding program doing
good job Of milking good cows.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
!. CROSSING
a. :: -. :: 8: ::
- ( .>>...... ~,
} rEsstse Tss rro
IN ia srssra Proves st3r
- ~
a rsoouclaa, USING AAi,4lLs THUS ST. scTYp

Breeding and selection pro-
gram for swine, recently under
taken by USDA hopes to increase
the amount of hybrid vigor in
succeeding generations Of cross
bred pigs.
"recurrent selection method now
being tried by corn breeders TO
produce superior hybrid combina-
tons.
In the swine-breeding expert
ments, recurrent reciprocal selec-
ton involves four successive steps:
ID crossing, at definite intervals,
two strains Of hogs that are known
to combine well; ~ testing the
cross-progcny for economically inn
portant characteristics 49, reten-
ton in the two strains of breeding
animals that are proved best by
the performance of their test-cross
progenies; and (D propagation Of
the two strains, using the animals
thus selected.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

@ What is the price outlook for
hogs?
A-Seasonal gains for pork during
the next couple of months will carry
prices well above the depressed
prices of early 1856. A downturn is
probable when marketings from the
fall pig crop are largest. However.
a new seasonal uptmn is forecast
for late spring; Prices during most
months OF 1857, and perm a p S
throughout the year. will likely be
above 1856.
Wis II TOO late to spray for
chickweek control in aIfalsa?
Ayes.
Q When is the best time to seed
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

alfalfa in the spring?
Ain middle and southern Pied
mont seed any time during March.
Q-What is the best way to con-
troll wild garlic in lawns?
A-Spray with 2, 4-D in late spring
and early fall
Q-When should alfalfa be sprayed
for control of the weevn?
A-Keep a close check on the al
falfa When most Of the plant tops
show some injury, apply the insecti-
cides. For most areas in Virginia,
this will occur any time from the
first week of April to the first of
May, but viii vary considerably.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29
Farmers Face Crisis In Economy Today
Advice Offered
By Loan Leader

What can the farmer do today?
Waverly S. Green, chairman of
the Farm Credit Board, made sew
eral suggestions in a talk to the
stockholders of the Farmville Pro
duction Credit Association and the
National Farm Loan Association in
FarrnviIie Saturday
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

What About Profile
All things considered. D.. Griffith
SAYS. it seems that herd of good
Jerseys is inst as profitable as
herd Of good Holsteins. Many com
parsons have been made in which
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

going, prophesied the Nottoway
farm leader.
He said that the trend is to rely
on Congress for nelp. He said help
from the Government was needed
il the depression to put the farmer
back on his feet. but the Govern
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

Virginia has I,448.432 acres III
national forests
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

Strap or T-hinge is useful In
holding open the door of barn,
garage or outbuiIding that has
an earth floor. One blade of the
hinge is screwed to the door
near lower edge so that when
the door is opened. the unfas-
tened blade will swing down and
dig into the floor to keep the door
open. To close the door, blade
is lifted up by length of wire
attached TO lift as shown.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-03-29

ment never has put the farmer
back on his own initiative We
can't depend on the Government to
solve all Of our problems, he
stated
I'VE must do it ourselves. he
urged.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
British Tories
P'O|icyAttacked

BRIGHTON. England, Sept.
80 R.-The Labor Party,
clamoring for a general cleo
ton. charged today that the
Conservative government has
brought Britain to the brink of
economic disaster.
Some $500 delegates to the
annual conference here, elated
by a series Of successes at spe-
cial parliamentary elections.
unanimously adopted a resolu-
ton slamming the economic
policy Of Prime Minister Har-
old Macmillan'S government.
The resolution charged that
the government has directly
contributed to imitation, ever
rising prices. loss Of gold and
other reserves and to the re-
cent speculation against the
pound" 1t was carried with
roars Of approval.
The delegates gathered in an
electioneering atmosphere UNI
matched under Clement Atlee's
leadership.
The governments term ex.
pires in May. 1860. 1t could
call for an election at any time.
but Mr.. Macmillan has said he
intends to hold on for at least
another two years.
Harold Wilson, 41-year-old
financial expert of the party
who is in line TO be Chancellor
Of the Exchequer II Labor re-
turns to office, made a bitter
attack on the government.
He declared: "AS chancellor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30

tries surrounding Israel. II
UNRWA fails to get the money,
an agency spokesman said
100000 or more Arabs face
starvation.
Mr.. LabouisSe has recently
been on a tour Of North Amer
lean and Europe explaining
UNRWA work to member gov
ernments and urging noncon-
tributors to join in. Only 81
of 80 u. N. members contrib
uted to the 1857 budget. The
United States gives 70 per cent,
with Britain the next largest
contributor. Others give rela-
lively small amounts. Yugo-
slavia is the only Communist
country contributing.
The UNRWA position was
described as desperate. As oil
December 81 it will have cash
totaling $3.e million for relief
work and $2.4 million for re-
Mobilization work.
The budget for 1858 envi-
sions $25.7 million for relief
plus SIS million for rehabilita-
ton. Half this cash must be in
hand January /. the other hall
July l or UNRWA cannot con-
tinue operation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Shortogeof Relief Funds
PeriIs Arab Refugees

BEIRUT. Lebanon. Sept. 80
R.-Director Henry Labouisse
Of the United Nation Relief and
Works Agency left for New
York today with a warning for
the General Assembly that his
agency faces q financial crisis
threatening hundreds Of thou
sands of Arab refugees with
starvation.
Unless voluntary contribu-
tions from nations are forth
coming before the end Of the
year, UNRWA operations must
halt and q new. extremely ugly
situation would be IN prospect
for the Arab Mideast with
frightening overtones, he said.
Mr.. LabouisSe is scheduled to
address the Assembly Friday on
the financial position Of
UNRWA.
The situation is this: AS of
December 81 the agency will
not have enough cash to con-
tinue operations. Unless actual
cash-not pledges-is in hand
operations must halt.
UNRWA provides a bare sub
sistence diet for 842.300 Arab
Palestine war refugees in coun-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Graham Is Told
10 Delay Visit

NEW YORK. Sept. 80 R.-
Evangelist Billy Graham says
Little Rock church leaders have
advised him not to visit the
Arkansas city until "the heated
tension is past
The advice came in a tele-
gram.
1t was in response to a state
ment by Mr.. Graham that he
would be willing to visit Little
Rock If church leaders thought
his appearance would help
lessen racial tension there.
The telegram. as released
last night by Mr.. Graham's
New York headquarters, said in
part:
I'VE appreciate your concern
for our Little Rock people in
this crisis and your offer to
come to our assistance. After
prayerful consideration 1t is our
conviction that you can be Of
more help to us when the
heated tension is past"
The 10 church leaders reply
ing included Representative
Brooks Hays. Democrat of Ar
kansas. president Of the South
ern Baptist Convention. The
telegram, received Thursday,
added:
I'VE eagerly anticipate your
visit for an evangelistic cam
paign at a later date in accord
ance with previous plans. Your
coming win help heal the
wounds and restore Christian
unity to our community"
Mr.. Graham said no date
had been set for an evangelical
campaign appearance in Little
Rock. He said discussions were
under way between his STAFF
and q committee Of Little Rock
church leaders.
Mr.. Graham said the origi-
nal invitation was received "a
year or two ago."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30

Mr.. Macmillan was a great
bookmaker turned pawnbroker
He finally put us in pawn to the
United States and Germany"
Mr.. Wilson sharply attacked
the 2 per cent increase in Brit
aims bank credit rate-from S
to Z per cent-announced re-
Gently by Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer Peter Throneycroft as
a weapon to fight imitation.
There has been the most
savage attack on industrial pro-
auction any chancellor has
made since 1884," Wilson cried.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Firyubin Named
Deputy Minister

MOSCOW. Sept. 80 (R).-The
Soviet government announced
today the appointment Of
Nikolai Pavlovich Firyubin as
a new deputy foreign minister.
He has been the Soviet Am
basSador to Yugoslavia.
Firyubin is married to Eka-
terina Furtseva. only woman
member of the Communist
Party's ruling presidium.
The announcement said
Firyubin will be succeeded in
Yugoslavia by Ivan Konstan-
tinovitch Zamchevsky.
Ffryubin entered the Soviet
diplomatic corps in 1854. He
was among 81 new ENJOYS
named after the death of Stain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30
Elizabeth Played Cool
For HoIfbock Charles

HEADLEY. England. Sept
80 (R.-The future King Of
England is a halfback.
Beginning his second week al
exclusive Cheam Preparatory
School near here. Prince
Charles has won q place on one
of the junior soccer elevens. As
a halfback. the future monarch
and two companions link up the
defense with the attacking for
wards.
1t is not a glamorous position.
There is a lot Of hard work in
volved with few chances OF
scoring. A soccer halfback is
much like the unsung heroes Of
the line in American football.
Cheam's new halfback
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-30

Seashore. whether 1t was OPP
Grated by the State or by q
private operator.
The State. he said, could not
do indirectly what it was pro-
hibited from doing directly I'M
der the Supreme Court decree
Judge Hoffman was aware
Of the effect his decision was
likely to have on the States
school segregation plans. When
the case was argued before
him. he asked:
If the State of Virginia has
authority to lease a State park,
would 1t not be possible for a
municipal corporation to lease
its public schools to a private
individual?"
The State answered affirma-
lively. and Judge Hoffman
commented. That's the very
thing that bothers me-"
His decision went all the way
up to the Supreme Court and
was upheld. which pretty well
public schools into a private
any State plans to convert its
public schools in a a private
school system.