davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1957-12-22
We're in Business

The fact Is, however. the At
lantic alliance is now in the busi-
ness of seeking a settlement with
Russia. and 1t cannot get out of
that business without reducing
continental support of the vital
arms buildup. Where will this new
task Of NATO take the West? In
Europe the view is this:
There must be some way OF
accommodating Soviet and West
ern interests. and perhaps NATO
can find 1t. 1t may be some sort
Of de-atomized zone across Europe,
or neutral zone. or perhaps mu-
tual withdrawal Of Soviet and
American troops from Central
Europe.
The Eisenhower policy. Europe
believes. is merely to keep the
shield strong and the retaliatory
threat ready while waiting 10,
20 or 100 years for the Commu-
niSts to mellow and beat their
missiles into fish-tailed automo-
biles.
Europe is ready to bargain now,
and it is ready to give up some
thing If it can get a real end to
the cold war. No country seems
prepared to give away something
for nothing, however. Whenever
a country - as Germany, for ex-
ample-has a chance to vote, it
takes a man who will stand fast.
But to stay in office a continental
government now must do more
than stand fast. 1t must at least
try to negotiate. From here, it's
hard TO see how this could be bad.
American rigidity. it appears here,
could use some European flexible
ity. The two may go well to-
gether. And the new NATO does
bring the Western world a step
closer to unity and interdepend-
ence.
The Western alliance has be-
come a bit more permanent, a bit
less expedient In the past week.
NATO may join the common mar
ket. Euratom, the Western Euro
pean union and the projected Eu-
ropean free trade area in the
movement toward political inte-
grafton Of the West.
Evening star., 1957-12-22

NATO. 1t Is pledged not only to
stop the Russians dead at the
edge Of NATO territory but also
to ~ to reach q compromise
settlement with the Communist
world.
1t can be said that Europe
and the entire Western free civili-
zation--is faced with four great
tasks in its relations with COM
munism:
. Krelulin-hacked native Com
munists must be prevented from
destroying democratic institutions.
. Red armies must be kept from
advancing farther or from posing
such a threat Of devastation that
the free countries would lose the
will to resist.
. The tanks Of Western civiliza-
ton must be secured from Com
munist military or subversive
movements.
. The West must And some way
of reaching a livable settlement
with the Communists, for to live
forever under the threat of scar
ing death from the skies is in
tolerable.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
II. S. Missiles:
A Pickup

While the statesmen talked of
missiles in Paris. the Sputnik-
spanked drive for a speed-up in the
United States missile program
gained momentum. Secretary Of
Defense Neil McElroy. back from
Paris and other European capitals.
told reporters Friday that the
Evening star., 1957-12-22
"A Little Closer =

President Eisenhower called the
NATO meeting . success; he said
Il think we are Just a little bit
closer TO that ideal Of peace" The
talks. he said. had "done q lot TO
make the chances Of war q little
more remote" Both he and Mr..
Dulles viii report to the American
people tomorrow night $3.50 pm.
Evening star., 1957-12-22

be in on any talks. They don't
want to leave all bargaining up
to handful Of big powers. They
have contributions TO make and
the only way they see TO make
them is through NATO.
When last weeks Paris con-
ference opened. Britain and the
United States presented a pro-
gram OF military buildup and lip
service to NATO's political prob
lens. On the other hand. most
continental nations were nom
committal about new missile bases
and H-bombs, but they were
strongly in favor Of a NATO
reply to the Bulganin notes and
NATO exploration Of Kremlin
minds.
Evening star., 1957-12-22
PARIS RETROSPECT
They Changed
NATO's Scope
BY RICHARD FRYKLUND
Ruropean Correspondent of The star

PARIS In retrospect does seem that the NATo summit
meeting which this week historic Almost
among the discussions of B President Esenhowers health and
Buganns notes. basic modification the
OF the Atlantic alliance.
1t change not planned in advance 1t had nothing
with Mr. Eisenhowers leadership In fact. the United
States did not want it.
But BY the time the delegates they had created new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Last Chance for Israel

The President, as we read his speech.
has said his last word on the question of
1Sraeps withdrawal from Egypt. If Israel
does not pull out of the GAIA Strip and
the Aqaba area, the President believes
that the U. N. "haS no choice" but to
exert pressure upon Israel, and the
United States will use its maximum in
huence" to sustain the U. N.
In a word, Mr.. Eisenhower thinks
that continued Israeli defiance of repeat
ed U. N. resolutions will call for the appli-
cation Of sanctions, and he will support
whatever measures the General Assembly
may recommend.
This means that, for Israel, the hour
Is late. We hope that the gravity of the
situation will be recognized in Jerusalem
and that the Ben-Gurion government will
conclude that the best interests of Israel
and OF the free world as whole will be
served by cooperation with the U. N.
Much has been made of the argu-
ment that 1t would be morally wrong for
the U. N. to coerce Israel If 1t will not
coerce Russia, India, Hungary or some
other country. The Presidents attempt
to answer this probably will not satisfy
those who have been making the argu-
ment. The basic facts, however, are clear.
Israel did attack Egypt, and Israel's
troops remain on Egyptian SOIL This
state OF affairs, while it continues, GER
tainly will block any settlement in the
Middle East and might easily lead to re-
newed war. Should the U. n, because
1t cannot effectively coerce Russia, stand
by and watch the Middle East go down
the drain? Or should 1t do what can be
done to clear the way for Just settle
ment OF the Arab-1sraeli dispute? Should
Israel persist in its defiance, while call
ing for guarantees which clearly are not
going to be forthcoming? Or should
Israel abide by the overwhelming judg-
ment of the U. N. members, and rely
at least until they have been tested-on
the assurances which have been given?
= It seems to US that the answers are
self-evident. The President made it clear
that we will do all that can be done TO
safeguard ISraels legitimate interests,
once Israel has complied. He said point
edly that if Egypt in the future should
violate the armistice agreement or other
international agreements, this should
be dealt with firmly by the society of
nations" We think his meaning on this
point is unmistakable. But the first order
OF business must be the withdrawal of all
Israeli forces from Egypt. Nothing can
be done until this is accomplished. If
the troops are withdrawn, there is a rea-
sonable prospect that Israel's future can
be secured. If it is not done, we do not
see how there can be any future for
Israel, in the long run, in the Middle East.
We earnestly hope that these considera-
tons will be weighed with care in the
discussions now going on in Jerusalem.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
New Front in Africa

Vice President Nixon will be visiting
an important area of the African CONT
nent when he extends his trip next month
to Ethiopia and the Sudan. For these
two neighboring countries, one old and
one new in terms of political independ-
ence, cover vast area fianking the
troubled Arab world of the Middle East.
Within their borders is population total
ing nearly 80 million people, predomi-
nantly Christian and Moslem. Their
economies, relatively primitive, are pri-
marily agricultural, but other natural
resources offer promise of development
that could add materially to the strength
and stability of both countries. Each,
fortunately, inclines toward close asSocia-
ton with the Western world, but their
relative isolation from the front lines of
the cold war has served to minimize the
attention given their problems and
aspirations.
Significantly, in defining before the
House Foreign Affairs Committee the area
covered by the pending administration
proposal for aid to the Middle East, Sec
rotary OF State Dulles expressly included
these two countries Mr.. Nixon's visit
not only confirms this interest, but will
afford him opportunity to discuss with
each government the real detectives of
the Eisenhower doctrine and the way in
which 1t might be applied to their adj
vantage as well as to that of the free
world in general. The initial reaction
from both Adds Ababa and Khartoum is
favorable. Preliminary consideration al
ready is being given to working out a
defense-support program in Ethiopia and
to sending an American engineering team
to study development OF power and irri-
CATION utilization of the Blue Nile. In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Argentine Timetable

Provisional President Aramburu of
Argentina has given his country a time
table for transition to popularity elected
government. 1t provides, In brief. for
the election of national and provincial
constituent assemblies in July, for these
bodies to revise the national and local
constitutions, and for presidential and
congressional elections to be held in time
to permit new government to take Office
in June, 1858.
It was is months ago-in November,
l955-that General Aramburu and a
group Of high-ranking fellow military
officers took over the Buenos Aires gov
eminent in bloodleSs weekend coup.
AS successor to General Lonardi, who
had been a leader in the movement de-
posing Juan Peron, General Aramburu
appeared to have greater support among
the pro-democratic forces in the country
whereas the Lonardi faction had drawn
its greatest strength from nationalist and
right-wing groups. These latter, in turn,
had arrived at an uneasy truce with
powerful pro-Peron labor leaders and
there was fear at the time that the exiled
dictator might reappear
Progress toward genuine democracy
has been slow in the months since, and
there Is no certainty even yet that Gen.
eral Aramburu will be able to make his
timetable work. Some evidence of con-
fidence that more solid foundation for
both political and economic freedom was
being established was seen late last year
when the United States Export-Import
Bank announced its readiness to advance
500 million Of credit to the provisional
government. More recently, however, OPP
ponentS of the Aramburu regime have
charged that it was deliberately stalling
on its political reforms. With approx
mately score of political parties legal
lied and as many more asking recogni-
ton, it may be significant that the
strongest opposition to General Aram-
buru still appears centered in the ex-
IRENE left and right factions. His great
est hope of achieving his announced
political objective rests in retaining sup
port of the more moderate middle groups.
With this, he may succeed in bringing
democracy to the country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Old Georgetown

Although not a resident Of
Georgetown. I read with pleas
ure of the efforts being made
to preserve this section of
Washington. When 1 first be-
gan to explore the city 40
years ago, these old houses
and the quaint streets held a
fascination for me not less
than the more celebrated mod
ern Government buildings. !
have often walked out of my
way just to pass by some an
tique building and ! shudder
to think Of the sacrilege which
attended the destruction of
the Francis Scott Key home,
one of the most interesting in
architecture and setting.
II Georgetown can be pre-
served within its prescribed
limits. Washington will be for
tunate in possessing a little
permanent oasis of the past,
in the midst of an everchang-
ing whirlpool dedicated to the
glory Of the future.
Row l.. BarrOwS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21

Fairfax County's current A.
nancial crisis can only be
heightened by Representative
Broyhill's suggestion that
Washingtor's second national
airport be located at Belmont
Bay in Prince William County.
Aside from the obvious in
adequacies of the site. the
Belmont Bay location has pos
tive disadvantages to Fair
fax.
The proposed Prince Will
liam location is Just south OF
Fairfax County and the vast
majority Of planes using it
would pass directly over the
highly developed sections of
Mount Vernon and Springfield.
Fairfax County would be sub
jected to as much noise and
inconvenience as If the airport
were actually located within
our boundaries.
Further. while being sub
iected to the noise, Fairfax
would be deprived Of the tax
revenue and income producing
features of the airport. 1t is
well known that the Burke site
would be the focus for the in
dustrial development which
alone can solve Fairfax Coun-
tvs tax problems. 1t has been
estimated that the airport and
resulting industrial complex
would make tax contributions
to Fairfax of between two and
three million dollars per year.
An airport at Belmont Bay
would attract the industry, but
the vast majority of airline
and other wage earners.
thousands in number, would
still reside in Fairfax and send
their children to our schools.
In addition TO being the bed
room for Washington, d. c.,
Fairfax would also become the
bedroom and schoolhouse for
Belmont Bay.
Clayton L. Burwell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Break in the Ranks

There is a convincing ring to the
testimony of two National Guard generals
who have taken strong stand in favor
OF six months of active-duty training for
Guard recruits.
This testimony is significant, since it
represents break in the ranks of the
National Guards high command. Only
few hours earlier Major General Ellard
A. Walsh, National Guard Association
president, had testified that the six
months training requirement would be
the kiss of death" for the Guard. He
advocates an 11-week training program
for recruits in the II to 181a-year bracket
Both Major General Roy A. Green
and Major General John w. Guerard are
in sharp disagreement. The longer train
ing is necessary, they say, and it will not
hurt the Guards enlistment program.
General Green, who commands the Cali
= fornia 49th Infantry Division, says he has
put the six-month program into effect.
and that his division is gaining strength,
not losing it. A regimental commander
during World War II, General Green told
OF heavy losses among inadeuuately
trained requirements. Those men died
because they were not trained" he said.
1T was murder. We need this training"
In our opinion, an 11-week program
will not produce the trained men needed
in modern combat Six months is none
too long, and it ought to be given trial.
Should it show signs of becoming the
kiss of death" it can be abandoned. But
we believe that this longer period, If given
a fair trial under the conditions which
have been outlined by Army Secretary
Brucker. is far more likely to help the
Guard than to hurt it. And it will also
increase our national security.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21

The Republicans already are
planning a drive to elect many
Republican Governors-as i'm
portant to the party as regain
ing control of Congress. Since
1852, control of State houses
in a number Of key States has
passed from the Republican
Party to the Democratic.
These losses began in 1853
when the Democrats elected
Gov. Robert B. Meyner. They
continued in 1854 and 1856,
until now the Democrats have
Governors of % States, and the
Republicans only 20. These
governorships the Democrats
have taken away from the
Republicans are in States
which the Republicans must
carry next year and some of
them in 1860, If the q. o. P.
is to have a chance. first, to
elect a Republican Congress
in 1858, and. second, q Repub-
1ican President and Congress
in 1860.
Take a look at these lost"
Republican States, which now
have Democratic Governors.
They are Colorado, Connecti-
cut, Iowa, Kansas, Maine,
Massachusetts,, Michigan, Min
nesota, New Jersey, New York,
oregon, Pennsylvania and
Washington. They are all
States in which the G. o. P.
had Governors in 1852 except
Michigan. where Democratic
Gov. G. Mennen Williams has
been elected five consecutive
times, with his pluralitieS
tremendously increased in 1854
and 1856.
See Is States Vulnerable.
The Republicans regard all
Is States as vulnerable - as
States where the G. o. P. has
a chance next year-and this
year in the case of New Jersey
- of regaining the State
houses. The new Republican
national chairman, Meade AL
corn. believes the campaigns
for Republican victory in the
States should begin without
delay. The national organiza-
ton will do all in its power to
aid. The campaigns will run
right along with the campaign
for a Republican controlled
86th Congress. Oregon and
Washington do not hold guber-
material elections until 1860.
President Eisenhower carried
all of these States, and nearly
all Of them by huge margins.
over his Democratic opponent,
Adlai Stevenson. In New York.
for example, Eisenhower ran
more than a million and a
half votes ahead Of Stevenson.
In Connecticut he had an I'M
precedented lead of 305.000
votes; in Colorado 131, 900; in
Iowa 224.000; in K an S IS
$4,000; in M aine $4,000;
in Massachusetts, $4,000: in
Michigan 30l, 900; in Mime
sofa $4,000; in New Jersey
725,000; in Pennsylvania, 603.-
600: in Oregon 81 900. and in
Washington $1,000. The prob
lem of the Republicans is to
bring over a large number Of
these Eisenhower voters to
support the Republican candi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Ready to Take OFF

AS a dweller in the middle
OF a flight path to the airport.
! have the aircraft noise solu-
ton for which your hundreds Of
other letter writer's are merely
cropping.
1t is clear by now that the
airlines are not going to Burke,
Friendship. or, even 70 hades.
They intend to remain pre-
cisely where they are, adding
mad decibels to their intoler-
able din.
This leaves it up to WASH
ingtonians to move. en- masse,
10 Burke. Fairfax. or wher-
ever. What a lovely ghost town
Northwest Washington would
make. The other sections, too.
of course, but ! am less famil-
lar and hence less competent
to speak Of the prospect Of
their deserted grandeur.
Once resettled, we can safe
guard ourselves against COM
mercial aircraft. at least. Our
first ordinance will provide
that airplanes shall not be
permitted within IS air miles
in any direction. least of all
up"
Migration. anyone?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
Plans Drive to Elect Governors

dates for Governor. If this can
be done. the Republican Party
stands a chance for a great
lift in the elections coming up
this year and next - and a
Republican Congress would be
a distinct possibility.
80 States to Pick Governors
Only two States elect Cover
nors this year-New Jersey
and Virginia-whereas next
year 80 States hold guberna-
torial elections - 10 Of them
with Democratic Governors
today and IS with Republican
Governors. Both New Jersey
and Virginia have Democratic
Governors. And in both the
G.. o. p. will make a major
effort. So far as Virginia is
concerned, despite the fact
Eisenhower carried the State
by an amazing margin of 1922
600 votes over Stevenson, the
Democrats are expected to win.
They have centered on one
candidate, who it seems will
win the nomination without a
row between the Byrd forces
and the anti-Byrd Democrats.
Had such an intraparty fight
developed, the Republican can
didate would have had a good
chance of victory.
New Jersey, on the other
hand, gives the Republicans
real hope. Meyner, it is true.
has been a popular Governor.
His administration has been
good, take it by and large.
and he has made friends with
many Republicans. The Re-
publican Party in New Jersey.
however, is far better solidified
than it was four years ago
and it has the votes, If they
will come out to the polls.
In several States where
there are incumbent Repub-
lican Governors, the Democrats
will make their own bids for
victory. Among these States
are California, Idaho, Mary
land, Nevada, Ohio. Wisconsin
and Wyoming. Democratic
registration in California runs
between 100000 and 100000
greater than Republican regis
tration. The trouble is get
ting the registered Democrats
to vote for Democratic State
wide candidates. They haven't
had a Democratic Governor in
years. But the Democratic high
command is centering its cam
paigning on the West these
days.
Maryland is always a battle
ground. and If the Democrats
can forget their factional quar-
rels. they might take the
State over next year. Ohio
seems lost to the Democrats
unless they can find another
Frank Lausche to nominate.
However. Wisconsin. Wyoming.
Nevada and Idaho all could
be close States in 1858 guber-
Material elections. the Demo-
Gratis having chances to win.
With the presidential cleo
ton coming up in 1860, both
parties will do their utmost to
hold onto the governorshipS
they now have--and to gain
others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-21
VeIhos Amigos

Reports of the warm welcome to
Queen Elizabeth and the Duke of Edin-
burgh in Lisbon indicate that no happier
choice of place to visit could have been
made for what has been described as the
royal couples second honeymoon" In
addition, the obvious pleasure shown by
Elizabeth and Philip at this welcome, and
in their own exchanges with each other,
did much to refute rumors that there is
an estrangement between them. "They
are in great FORM" Buckingham Palace
press officer said, and the stories and
pictures supported his description.
The Portuguese government and the
population Of Lisbon shared evenly in
their enthusiasm. Marking a Portuguese
British alliance that has existed for
centuries, the government arranged its
greatest pomp and panoply for the visi-
tors arrival. A 21-gun salute, military
review and ride to their guest palace in
a "crown coach" built in England in 1925
were included in the ceremony as Presi-
dent Lopes and Premier Salazar greeted
the couple. For the population at large,
from the crews Of the fishing boats that
accompanied the royal yacht into Lisbon
harbor to the students who spread their
Sir Walter Raleigh cloaks" on the street
before the palace, 1t was an occasion Of
friendliest excitement. To their hosts,
Elizabeth and Philip were "velhos amigos"
(old friends) and there was much about
the whole occasion that seemed good and
fine.