davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

ing, w. Va. the Senator spoke
the words which were to change
his life and the whole psyche
logical climate of his country.
II have here in my hand" he
told his audience. "a list of 207
that were known to the Secretary
of State as being members OF
the Communist Party. and who
nevertheless are still WORKING
and shaping the policy In the
State Department"
1t made no difference that
soon he had backtracked to 81
names from 207. or that his list
had been taken from old files Of
q House Appropriations SUBJ
committee. or that he was never
personally responsible for the
discovery or the conviction Of q
single suspected Communist in
the State Department or any
where else. The fire he touched
on that night in Wheeling was
to rage unchecked for years
thereafter and bring to him q
fame and notoriety beyond any
thing he could have dreamed.
Charge Weakly Denied
For a time. however, unaware
OF the real nature Of what they
had to deal with, the Democrats
reacted in the standard political
way.
There were petulant denials
from Secretary Of State Dean
Acheson. spiteful wisecracks
from President Truman, attempts
to meet with statistics an emo
tional onslaught which wa
picking up speed almost by the
hour.
None Of these counterattacks
had much effect. The country
was primed to respond by Mr..
Humans references to "red
herrings" and his obdurate refu-
sal to authorize any real investi-
cation which he apparently
feared might cast some reflection
on the Democratic Party, and
many citizens turned to the
Senator from Wisconsin as TO q
prophet and savior. The adj
ministration was overwhelmed
by q mounting wave Of near
hysteria which had ugly over
tones and encouraged ugliness in
return.
The suave and clever Senator
Tydings Of Maryland was first
assigned the job Of cutting Sem
ator Mccarthy down to size. He
headed q Senate Foreign Affairs
subcommittee which investigated
the Mccarthy charges and de-
scribed them as "a fraud and q
hoax" Two years later Millard
Tydings was still in the news,
offering rewards Of 5000. or
$4,000. or $4,000 to Senator
Mccarthy II he could name a
single Communist convicted
through his efforts. But by then
Mr.. Tydings was q private citi-
zen. He had been driven out Of
ONCE by an implacable cam
paign In which Senator Nc
Carthy and his stan played q
major part. And the Mccarthy
crusade was still going strong.
That 1t was arousing some
doubts In his own party, how
ever, became clear In that same
year. On May 8. 1850. Senator
Flanders Of Vermont introduced
q resolution to halt further
public hearings on the Nc
Carthy charges and launch in
stead a Foreign Relations Conn
mittee study Of State Depart
ment loyalty procedures.
In June, Senator Margaret
Chase Smith Of Maine led seven
Republican colleagues In a Dec
laration Of Conscience" which,
directed at Mccarthy without
naming him, expressed the de-
sire that the COP. should not
ride TO political victory on the
four horsemen Of calumny-fear.
ignorance, bigotry and smear"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Role in Housing Quiz

The first Mccarthy crusade in
Washington is almost forgotten
now, but 1t was the clear proto-
type Of all that was to come. At
the moment. housing for veterans
was the burning issue Of the day.
and into this issue the new Sen.
ator from Wisconsin leaped with
q VIII. It did not matter that the
late Charles Tobey Of New Hamp-
shire, chairman of the Banking
and Currency Committee, was
already conducting an investiRa-
ton; it did not matter that the
late Senator Robert A. Taft came
to Senator Tobey's support.
Senator Mccarthy introduced
q resolution creating a special
housing committee. BY Senate
precedent, the author of the
resolution would automatically
become chairman of the COM
mittee.
The debate was bitter. the
senator's attack on his elders
was vicious, and into his voice
there came that quivering whine
which his colleagues were des-
tined to know so well. But Char
ley Tobey and Bob Taft, for the
sake Of peace in the Republican
family. gave In, the special
committee was created. And al
though he was forced to accent
the vice Craftsmanship instead
OF the Craftsmanship, Senator
Mccarthy had his headlines and
his cause.
For a brief while, It kept him
busy. Senator Tobey. burdened
with the work Of the Banking
and Currency Committee, al
lowed the vice chairman to con-
duct the hearings Of the special
housing committee. Senator Nc
Carthy scuttled across the coun-
try and back. giving out state
ments. He concocted with the
help Of FILA STAFF members and
q couple Of professional writers)
a pamphlet on housing which he
subsequently sold to the Lustron
Corp. for $4,000,
Briefly he occupied the ma
tional spotlight. Then the econ
omy readjusted smoothly, the
housing problem began to take
care Of itself, the veterans did
not become the overwhelming
political force many had pre-
dicted. And the Senator from
Wisconsin lost interest.
From l948 to 1850 he was in
the shadows. The Democrats had
regained control Of the Senate
with Harry Truman's re-elec-
ton In 1913. and the Junior Sem
ator from Wisconsin was lust one
more Republican Senator. II
irked him, but the solution was
not yet clear to him. II was in
February, 1850, he hit upon II.
Speaking on February II at q
\ ncoln's Day banquet In Wheel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

short order he found himself in
/, the South Pacific. and although
that vast area had more than
its quota of fabulous American
characters during the war, the
Judge made his mark.
In succeeding editions of the
Congressional Directory after
his election to the Senate, his
official biography dwindled to
three-and-a-half terse lines.
When he first arrived in WASH
lington. a little naive, he had
gone into his war record at con-
siderable length.
g.. In June Of 1912 applied
for enlistment in Marine CORPS
as a buck private and was later
commissioned" he reported.
WAS assigned to Marine avia-
ton as a ground officer, and
later qualified as a tail gunner
and had II official missions in
the South Pacific. participating
in strikes over Rabaul, Kahili,
Buka. Munda. Balalae and other
Jap airfields: served 80 months
of active duty. ="
Injured Foot in Pacific
The Mccarthy war injury also
was something on which there
has been more than one version.
According to the Mccarthy
version, he suffered q burned
and broken foot in an airplane
accident on June %, 1913. On
the other hand. according to a
friend who was aboard the Navy
seaplane tender Chandelier
when it crossed the Equator on
that day, he actually tripped
and stumbled while climbing an
iron ladder during a .'shellback"
initiation, catching his foot on
a rung, falling backward and
receiving the injury. With this
version, official Navy records
agree, a fact which did not
prevent Judge Mccarthy from
making the most of his injury
for campaign purposes.
Drives for U. s. Senate
In 1914. still in the service but
already anxious to get moving
toward his now clearly defined
objective Of a seat in the Senate.
self-n ic KIN a m I'd "Tailgunner
Joe" came home on leave to
campaign against incumbent
Senator Alexander Wiley for the
Republican nomination. He lost.
but made a sufficiently strong
race to win the active support Of
many powerful COP. leaders in
the State. In 1945 he ran sue
cessfully for reelection to the
circuit court. and a year later
challenged Young Bob" LaFol-
lette. seeking reelection after
three terms in the Senate.
Busy in Washington with the
many chores which made him so
valuable q member of Congress.
and Understanding the appeal
OF his youthful opponent, SEN
ator LaFollette did not return
home until a week before the
Republican primary. Seven days
later he was conceding defeat to-
Joe Mccarthy. who had beaten
him by the scant margin of. 5000
votes.
McCarthy's Democratic oppo-
nent proved no obstacle, and at
the age Of 81 "Tailgunner joe
found himself a Senator Of the
United States.
Those who remember him then
can still recall the air Of restless
tension which characterized him
in the early days in the Capital.
He had been a big frog in a small
Wisconsin puddle; now he was
suddenly once again a little frog
In the big Washington puddle. III
was very obvious that he was
casting about for some cause
which would put his name in the
headlines. For a while he thought
he had it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
McCorthy Hit Extremes
Of Fame and Obscurity

Senator Joseph Mccarthy died yesterday during
his second Senate term knew the extremes fame obscy
He also knew the extremes Of influence
Of hearing his voice world and Of hearing It
echo in sien -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

Of the Communist Party" and
the proceedings that were about
to unfold "a lynch bee," thus
bringing new causes for censure
on his own head.
The Senator's friends tried two
tactics in his defense. One was
to urge him to apologize to the
Senate. something Senator Nc
Carthy refused to do. Others, like
Senator Jenner. Republican, Of
Indiana, charged "a Communist
plot to elect their own members
OF Congress. to punish men who
tried to protect our country. ="
But when the Southern Sena-
tors Joined the attack, the Nc.
Carthy cause was lost. Senator
Stennis, Democrat of Mississippi,
sounded the call with an inn
passioned speech in which he
said, Il cannot approve of such
slush and slime as a proper
standard Of Senate conduct"
The proceedings. interrupted
by the Senator's confinement to
Bethesda Naval Hospital with
an elbow ailment, and later by
his counter-charges that there
had been an illegal check of his
mail. dragged on until Deem
her 2
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

truth. and presently the Admin
istration selected q new instru-
ment for hitting back at the
Wisconsin lawmaker. This was q
well-meaning millionaire, Demo-
cratic Senator Benton Of Con-
necticut. Like Senator Tydings,
William Benton. too. was subse-
Quently to be removed by the
voters with Senator McCarthy's
help, but for q while he fought
the Administrations battle with
gusto. He began by introduc-
ing q resolution to expel Senator
Mccarthy. Senator Mccarthy,
In turn. called him "a curious lit
tie mental midget"
Events Of the next few months
were In the hands Of q Senate
Privileges and Elections subcom-
mittee. Its Jurisdiction was a
little hazy--the day would come
when Senator Mccarthy would
make much Of this-and It did
spend considerable time in
vestigating the Senator's finances
and activities long before he
came to Washington. There was
sorse evidence that subcommit-
tee was not entirely objective
In its attitude, but its members
apparently felt that the Senator
wasn't either. and so they pro-
ceeded.
They did not proceed. how
ever. to hear the Senator. He
consistently refused. In q long
series Of sneering letters, to
recognize their authority and
appear before them. When the
group eventually filed its report,
on January 3. 1858. 1t raised
questions concerning his finances
and his conduct. but made no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

|paign for Congress in 1854. and
that his continuation as chair
man Of the investigations SUBJ
committee would be the most
important factor helping the
Republicans to win control. A
few days later he appealed to his
countrymen to write or wire the
White House whether they ia
vored the Eisenhower policy Of
strictly limited trade with Com
munist nations or the Mccarthy
policy of no trade with Commu-
mist nations. The response was
about equally divided. But at
some point in those days, some
one in the White House decided
the matter had gone far enough.
Nixon Meets Mccarthy
Before the cudgels were re-
sorted to. reason was given a try.
Vice President Nixon went of to
Miami Beach, where the Senator
was mentioning. After a jovial
joint sunbake in the sand, he
came back to Washington to let
it be known that all was now
well. Senator Mccarthy would
concentrate on graft and corrup-
ton. preferably in the records
of the Truman administration,
and the Senate Internal Sc
curity Subcommittee would keep
an eye on Reds.
When this story appeared in
the papers. Mccarthy dismissed
1t with tart precision.
Either he (the writer was
lied to or he was lying" the
Senator announced. II assume
he was lied to, for I can't con-
ceive Of a reporter writing an
untrue story he soon would be
caught up with"
These were kind words about
the press from a man sharply
critical Of most Of it, and they
told Mr.. Nixon and the admins
tration exactly where to head in.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Crusade Coins

STUSOOS 0UtuS
The crusade proceeded. In ad-
dition to Secretary Acheson,
Ambassado r-at-Large Philip
Jessup. writer Owen baltimore
and foreign service career man
John s. Service became favorite
Mccarthy targets. The convic-
ton as q former Communist Of
William Remington. forme
Commerce Department employe
In charge Of export licenses for
goods to Nationalist China gave
the crusade its FIRST substantial
foundation. Others had named
Remington. but Mccarthy
named him loudest. He took the
credit. and his popularity in
creased.
Along with 1t there went q
Inew-found modesty. On Fehru-
airy ~. 1851. he told a Star re-
porter that the Senate Judiciary
Committees internal security
subcommittee had ended the need
OF one-man investigations Of
communism.
II never was hot for individual
investigating" he explained. "It
was forced on me-" And he
unused:
Maybe Isshould keep 1t up for
the publicity. but there's no ex-
cuse for it with good commit
tee. Anyway, an individual
Investigation can't anywhere near
accomplish what q committee in
vestigation can do"
From that point forward, the
Senator confided, he would fol-
low tips which came to him only
to the point where they would
interest the Internal Security
Subcommittee. Then he would
gracefully bow out.
Hurls Treason Charge
BY April. however. the state
OF affairs In the Nation was such
that Senator Mccarthy could no
longer avoid giving 1t his direct
attention. The Milwaukee Jour-
nal quoted him on April IL as
saying that treason In the
White House" had been ac-
complishd by bourbon and bene-
dictine." The treason" was the
custer Of Gen. Macarthur from
his Far East commands, and the
Senator charged 1t had been en-.
gineered by men who knew how
TO get the President cheerful. /"
Mr.. Truman, he said, should
be impeached. but on the other
hand he's not important. It's
the crowd around him that
causes the trouble"
On June IA. 1851, in O so, OOO-
word Senate speech, he charged
Gen. George c. Marshall and
others with fomenting q con-
spiracy to cause the United
States to fall victim to Soviet
intrigue from within and Rus
sian military might from with
out"
This must be the product Of
o great conspiracy" he cried, "a
conspiracy on O scale 80 immense
as to dwarf any previous such
venture In the history Of man.
A conspiracy Of infamy so black
that when It Is finally exposed,
its principals shall be forever
deserving Of the maledictions Of
all honest men,"
BY September Senator Nc.
Carthy was remarking that the
President sis both stupid and
stubborn, but I do not believe
he is disloyal."
Mccarthy Custer SOUGHT
To this Mr. Tris,na,, ,n.,.o,,sl.a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
EorIy Years Hord

Joseph Raymond Mccarthy,
whose name was TO give the
word 'McCarthyism" to the
world. was born November IA,
1909, in Grand Chute, Wis, one
Of seven children Of Bridget and
Timothy Mccarthy.
The family was poor and his
early years were hard. He worked
on the farm. attended the
Underhill country school. At is,
he quit and started his own
chicken farm. At 10 he went to
nearby Manowa to work In a
grocery store. ushered at the
local movie and, with the mental
agility and capacity for hard
work which were to characterize
him as q Senator. crammed four
years Of high school into one.
He thought at first of being
an engineer, and in the fall of
1880 entered Marquette Uni
versity Engineering College. Be-
fore long. however, he had
transferred to the law school.
In 1885 he was graduated with
an LIB. degree. u
There followed . brief period
in Q Law ONCE IN Waupaca. It
was terminated in typical FASH
ion: He ran for his first elective
ONCE. under the label which
seemed likeliest Of success. The
man who became a Republican
Senator In 1916 ran as a Demo-
crat for district attorney Of
Showano County in 1886. Not
outstanding the Roosevelt land
slide Of that year, Democrat
Mccarthy lost.
Wins as Circuit Judge
In 1889. however, he tried
again. this time for the nom
partisan office Of circuit Judge.
This time he won.
Some Of those who knew
Judge Mccarthy at the time re-
marked afterwards that he
seemed q little free-wheeling
about his application Of the law
and his conduct Of the court.
Critics charged that he operated
q divorce mill"
Twice the State Supreme Court
rebuked him sharply for his ac-
tons on the bench. The first oc-
casion came when the Judge
ordered some records in a case
destroyed; the court said this
was an "abuse Of judicial power"
The second occasion came three
years after his first election to
the Senate, in 1916, when charges
Of unethical conduct we're filed
against him because he retained
his judgeship while running for
the Senate.
On that occasion the court OBJ
served:
while the act Of the Defend
ant subjects him to just censure,
1t Is one IN q class by itself that
Is not likely to be repeated. It
did not meet the condemnation
Of q majority Of voters in the
1916 election"
During this time, too, evidences
Of the unusual Mccarthy ap-
proach to the problem Of per-
sonal finances and taxes began
to appear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

At his peak, ne held the
American Government at bay.
He gave the language a new
word to describe an old pas
sion-he gave a new connota-
ton to the term Senate investi-
gation"-he gave the world an
image Of political ambition that
1t has not yet forgotten. There
was q time when his indorse-
ment was eagerly sought within
his party. His influence was
reckoned as crucial in many
congressional contests.
The change from the swash-
huckling, relentless, heavy
shouldered "Red-hunter" to a
pale, ailing man whose voice
sounded thinly on Capitol Hill,
was one Of the most dramatic
metamorphoses ever viewed in
this city of sudden reversals.
He always presented a curious
paradox to those who followed
at his heels during his active
years, Q figure more readily carl
catured than explained.
Seemed to be Searching
All his life he seemed to be
looking for something.
II 1t was peace of mind and
comfort Of heart. he never gave
the impression Of having found
It.
II 1t was notoriety based on
the fear Of millions of his coun-
trymen and the fanatic devo-
ton Of millions more, his search
could not have been more sue
cessful.
Yet always there seemed to be
something unfinished, incom-
plete. unsatisfied about his life.
For q brief period he lowered
over the American consciousness
as no other man Of his time. But
the bubble broke. And the fan
tastic reputation went down in
the wrangling aftermaths of Bit
ter Senate investigations.
Now only the legend remains,
something for his countrymen to
argue among themselves. good or
evil according to the mind Of
the behclder. And little else. out
OF all those hectic. furious years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

To this Mr.. Truman responded
tartly that he had never known
Senator Mccarthy 10 tell the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

pigeon-holed and forgotten, the
declaration" caused only q
passing ripple. Not until four
years later did the Senator from
Wisconsin perceive that he per-
haps should have paid more at
tention to both.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

nltteF DeDate IN Senate
On November 8. the Senate
reconvened In special session to
try Senator McCarthy's case.
The debate was marked by the
acrimony and violent PARTISAN
ship which had become tradi-
tional In any proceedings inyolv-
ing the Junior Senator from Wis
consin.
The first day. Senator McCar-
thy called the Watkins Commit
bee the unwilling handmaidens
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1957-03-15
NursingHome
Construction
S+ar+Nedrs

Final construction plans for the
Kivel Nursing Home will be ready
to submit to contractors by the
end of April, it was announced by
Albert Spector, Kivel Home board
president, and Samuel Shapiro,
building committee chairman.
eff all goes WELL" said Spector,
1--WE will be ready to break ground
before hot weather sets in. The
entire board is in agreement that
the Kivel Nursing Home in its
completed form will SurpasS even
our expectations. We are going to
have a beautiful, efficient home
that will be the model for the en-
tire country"
OBSTACLES IN obtaining zoning
clearance held up planning for sew
eral months. However, full clear
ance has been given the project by
the City of Phoenix, which has an
nexed the site.
1.-THE zoning struggle held us up
and made it difficult for us for a
time," said Shapiro. "But because
we are now in the city we will
actually have a better building
because of higher building stan
dards. We will have a completely
fire-proof building and one IN
which we will know our patients
will have maximum care with
maximum security"
TT HAD BEEN expected that no
additional funds would be sought
for the project. However, because
of increased costs involved in con
forming to city standards, addition
al funds viii be sought through the
Memorials Committee, of which
Nat Silverman is chairman.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1957-03-15
Miller Again
Named Center
President

Herman Miller has been reflect
ed as president of the Jewish Com
Center by the board Of di-
rectors. Also reelected were DR..
Sol Shapera, treasurer, and Joseph
Weinstein, secretary. Newly elect
ed as vice presidents were Samuel
Langerman and Sol Jaffee.
Miller pledged to work for the
continued growth and expanded
progress of services to the center
membership. Committee chair
man will be appointed and COM
mittees organized very quickly, he
said.
The meeting marked the induction
into office of Is board members
elected at the recent center annual
meeting. These include DR.. Louis
Becker, David Brown, Ben Feiler,
Al Freilich, DR.. Daniel Goodman,
Mrs. Annette Griff, Louis Kanne,
DR.. Leonard Karp, Arthur Kauf-
man, William Levinson, DR.. Sam
Mackoff, Mrs. Selma Mackoff, Saul
Mintz, Harry Shevick, and Paul
WeinZer.
The Phoenix Jewish news., 1957-03-15
Accused Quisling
Wounded In ISr0eI

TEL AVN (JTA) = DR.. Israel
Kastner, charged with having col
laborated with the NaZis while he
was a leader of the Jewish COM
munity in occupied Hungary, was
shot three times.
The unknown asSailant waited
for DR.. Kastner near his home, in
tercepted the victim, and asked
that he identify himself. DR.. Kast-
ner, returning from work at the
Hungarian-language daily vi Kel-
ct, admitted his identity and was
promptly shot. The incident has
had wide repercussions in this
country.
DR.. Kastner had been accused
by Malxiel Gruenwald, in PAM
phlet, of having collaborated with
the Nazis. At the time of the
charges DR.. Kastner was an en-
ploye of the Israel Government
and the attorney general prose
cuted Gruenwald for libel. The
magistrate held for Gruenwald on
all accounts except one.