davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
BY ROBERT X. WALSH

Experience is not necessarily the
best teacher when it comes to pre-
dieting whether Congress will pass
Federal aid to education bill this
year Despite past defeats. a bill
could make the grade with the help
OF a firm presidential push and
congressional willingness to COM
promise.
At the moment, neither the Dem
ocratic proposal of Representative
Kelley Of Pennsylvania nor the Ell
senhower administrations plan en-
joys bright prospects. But a COM
promise version that would pull the
pro-aid forces into one camp would
stand a chance against the haz-
ards OF the Powell antisegregation
amendment, antipathy toward more
Federal spending and passive or ac-
tive resistance TO the whole idea
by scores Of Republicans and South
ern Democrats.
There is wide agreement - al
though by no means unanimity -
In Congress that substantial Fed
eral assistance is the only solution
to the problem Of providing an ade-
quate supply Of classrooms for the
Nations burgeoning school popula-
ton. But the advocates OF the
general idea Of school aid are di-
vided over the formula for distribute
ing that aid to the States.
The Differences
The Kelley bill CHR u authorizes
Federal grants totaling $3.6 billion
at the rate OF $500 million annually
for six years. The Mcconnell bill
tHR 1885,, which is the administra-
tons proposal, authorizes $l.3 bill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

all members Of Congress, a school
construction aid bill would still he
far from becoming law. Remember
what happened. or did not happen,
IN the Gath Congress?
Late in the 1865 session the KEEL
ley bill emerged from the House
Education and Labor Committee.
headed by Representative Barden,
Democrat of South Carolina. foe
of such legislation. The vote was
20 to 8. The eight we're six Republic
cans and two Democrats. The COM
mittee rejected, 10 to 7, the peren-
NAL proposal of Representative
Powell, Democrat of New York, to
deny Federal aid to Southern States
failing to comply with the Supreme
Court decision against school seq
regation.
The bill languished almost year
in the House Rules Committee.
headed by Representative Smith,
Democrat Of Virginia. It finally was
cleared for floor debate a few weeks
before final adjournment. Mr.. Pow
ellis amendment was adopted. 225
to 1872. Then the bill was promptly
killed, 224 to 1874.
Politics Charged
The Capitol rang with accusa-
lions Of an unholy election year
alliance between Republicans and
Democrats who didn't want any bill
in the first place. In any event, the
voting line-ups were interesting II
not instructive as what will happen
this year when Mr.. Powell moves
again.
His amendment, criticized by Pres
ident Eisenhower as having no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
IT COULD MAKE
Unificoton of Forces Would Help School Aids Chances

lion over four-year period at the
rate Of 1925 million a year. (The
administration bill last year pro-
posed $3.50 million a year for five
years.
The Kelley bill formula would
make fiat grants TO all States on
the basis of their number of school,
age children. The administration
bill would distribute the money not
only on that basis but also accord
ing to need as demonstrated by a
States income per Sabotage child
and States determination to do
everything possible within its own
financial ability. AS a temporary
program to help States help them
selves, the administration bill would
require matching Of grants after the
first year.
Both bills contain somewhat
similar plans for Federal spending
OF $3.50 million to buy local school
construction bonds in communities
unable to market them elsewhere.
The measures would let the Federal
Government lend about $3.50 mil
lion to State agencies to build
schools and lease them to local
districts. Eventually the buildings
would become the property of the
school districts. Under still an
other provision the Government
could give a total Of $40 million
in grants to assist States In long
range planning Of school construc-
ton programs.
More than dozen other Federal
aid to school construction bills are
before House and Senate commit
tees. Senator Mcnamara, Democrat
OF Michigan. for example, urges 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

billion in grants a year for two
years. In general. the trend has
been more conservative and toward
compromise between the Kelley and
Mcconnell bills.
In line with the National Educa-
ton Associations middle ground
suggestion. Representative Holt.
Republican of California. offered a
bill fairly close to administration
ideas but with a different distri-
button formula. 1t calls for $400
million year, Of which 1897 million
would be Federal grants on the
basis Of $9.l4 per child OF school
age. Another $62 million would be
reserved for distribution among less
wealthy States.
The LocoI Picture
The District would receive $l6.28
per child under the Kelley bills
fiat grants, $9.01 under the adj
ministration's variable grants, and
$9l4 under the Holt bills "equali-
ger" Virginia would obtain 1902
under the administration bill and
$l6.28 and $9.68 under the others.
Marylands share would be $786
under the administration bill, as
compared with $l628 and $914.
Nineteen States with exceptional
needs would be given allotmentS
OF from $2207 to $9.68 under
the Holt plan. The Kelley
bill would allot $16.28 to each
State, territory and the District.
The administration bill grants
would range from 1881 for
Arkansas and South Carolina to
$4.56 for Connecticut.
Even II these amounts satisfied
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

main unimpaired and are in fact
increasing.
Indeed. this continuing massive
growth also constitutes an element
of change that creates one of our
major challenges: The fact that
the Soviet Union mot to speak of
the contribution Of the Eastern
European states and Communist
China has become the worlds
second industrial power and is, in
the view Of most economists who
have dealt seriously with the SUBJ
ject. growing more rapidly than the
United States.
To be sure, the United States still
commands a good lead. and for the
short run We may anticipate that
our absolute, as against our pro-
portional, advantage will continue
to increase.
Still. we must be prepared to rec
ognize that if. over a protracted
period of time, the Soviet Union is
able to maintain a more rapid rate
of economic growth than the non
Communist world, including the
United States. We shall not be able
to compete with 1t successfully.
Not only would the Soviet Union
enjoy even greater fiexibility and
leeway in its economic policies, but
all those nations which have been
inclined to sit on the sidelines.
which are intensely preoccupied
with rapid industrial development,
and which may gain a certain
pleasure from seeing the older in
dustrial powers overtaken would
surely regard this development as
vindication Of Communist claims.
The final test of our ability to
compete successfully in this re-
spect lies in the capacity of the
American people, collectively and
through their public and private
institutions, to maintain a rate
of economic growth which, taken
together with our present lead,
would suffice to meet the probable
growth of the Soviet economy.
Copocity TO Keep Aheod
Growth. however, is not Just a
matter Of producing more and more.
We are in time of staggering tech
biological innovation. and the ca
pacity to keep ahead in this process
Of change and adaptation is also
necessary for successful COMPETE
ton.
We have become increasingly
aware of serious challenge in the
impressive technical achievements
OF the Soviet Union: The number
OF scientists and engineers it is pro-
ducing each year (roughly double
the number in the United States,
though there is a question of
whether the training is always
equivalenD. and some disquieting
evidence Of shortcomings in quality
and quantity in our own educational
system-for example, the state of
mathematical education in our sec
ondary schools.
In tn, case Of both general
growth ana technological advance,
our capacity to compete depends on
our success in achieving results we
should want in any case: A steady
growth Of the national product
and improvement in the arts and
sciences.
We must be prepared to see the
Soviet Union increasingly active in
areas Of the world where in the
past it had little economic influence.
And while its immediate poten-
tialities may remain considerably
less, in absolute terms, than our
own. they will constitute a new
challenge.
Thus. while the Soviet bloc's
share Of free-world trade is only
about rs per cent of the total. this
share increased from $3.6 billion
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
DECISIONS 1857
BY HENRY L. ROBERTS

The changes in the international picture that occurred
during 1856 provide very shay base for any projection of
the future course of Soviet-American relations.
1t is possible that such events the disturbances the
Soviet orbit will lead to increase of Russian ntransgence
and to prolonged sharpening of the issues between the
USSR and the West is also possible that conflicts elsewhere
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

SeIleS OF eIgIIC Authoritative DISCUSSIONS OF
crucial international issues facing American people,
The series is presented in conjunction with the Decision
in the Washington area under the sponsorship Of the
Foreign Policy Association the Junior Chamber of
Commerce The subjects of the articles synchronzed
with the issues assigned to the than 100 discussion
groups
Mr. Roberts is professor of history at Columbia Unver
Sty and director of the Russian Institute Program
on East and Central Europe there His books include the
recently published Russia and America: Dangers and
Prospects, His article slightly condensed here was written
Tor the FPAS publication. Headline Series.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
THE DECISIONS SERIES

Never has The United States been SO
deeply immersed in world affairs as it is
today: And never have international prob
lens been so complicated, so difficult for
the layman to grasp.
In recognition of both these facts, The
Sunday Star begins with this article
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
confined his Eastern dressage
act this year to Upperville.


confined his Eastern dressage
act this year to Upperville.
Saturday Performance
He will also perform on
Saturday at intermission, after
landing his plane on one Of
DR.. and Mrs. Archie RAN
dolph's fields at Grafton. Wife
Mary showed in the Arabian
classes last year at Upperville
and picked up more than a few
ribbons. The Arabian classes,
growing in popularity in the
show circuit. is on Upperville's
program again this year.
With only a four-day
breather in between, the Lou
doun pony and junior show,
biggest of its kind in America,
takes over at Glenwood, Mid
dleburg, on Friday and Satur-
day, June IA and IS. A new
trophy, the Mary Drury Per-
petual Memorial Trophy, has
been added this year. donated
by the late Mrs. Drury's many
friends throughout the coun-
try, who feel, deeply. that
Mary, through improving the
breed Of the American child's
pony. directly or indirectly
helped each Of them with their
own children.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
IRCLING THE COUNTRYSIDE
Lldngollen Sole Set
After Horse Show

some Of its finest stock. with
81 new foals, broodinares,
yearlings and Liz's extras"
that she wouldn't sell for any
amount, the farm has run out
Of stabling space. Yearlings
by Llangollen's beloved Bonnie
Mutt. who had to be put down
this winter, will be offered for
sale, the last chance to buy
the get Of the gray who made
such a niche in the show an
mails Of America as a show
hunter and open jumper.
Kitchen Police. Night Lark
and Penance. three Of Liam
gollen's top stations, will also
go on the block. with a group
Of mares, including Fool
Proof. bred to Correspondent;
Sisterly Love, bred to Singing
Step, and Winter Rose in foal
to Night Lark.
Following the sale at Liam
gollen Saturday night, the
Upperville Volunteer Fire De-
partment is having q subscrip-
ton horse show ball at
Buchanan Hall in Upperville.
The Upperville Horse Show
takes up again after lunch on
Sunday with q dressage per-
Torrance by radio-Tv star
Arthur Godfrey. Mr.. Godfrey,
who did the horse show circuit
last season on Goldie, has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
"A Day to
Celebrate?

The millions Of homemakers
who manage the weekly pay
check and the 81 million work.
ing women Of America may not
have realized it. but May 10
was q day for celebration.
points out the Women's De.
partment Of the National A..
ISOLATION Of Manufacturer.
May 10 might be termed
National Tax Freedom Hoi-
day." the NAM declares. be-
cause it marks the end Of the
average taxpayers January-to.
May wage total which goes for
taxes.
The average person has had
to work from January TO May
10 to earn enough to pay al
Of her varied tax bills, the or
ganization says. For the rest
Of the year. the bread.
winners" income can 70 to
supporting the family. That Is,
they may be spent. saved, or
invested as the individual
wishes,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
BY DOLORES PHILLIPS

UPPERVILLE. Va.-The dis
posal sale at Liz Lunn's Liam
gollen Farm this Saturday
night has been timed by an
adroit hand. Breathing down
the neck Of the lO3-year-old
Upperville Horse Show, pro-
spective buyers should have
just the right amount Of time
to get to the 1880 pm. sale
after the close Of Saturdays
classes.
Word has been passed around
among the not-too-weil-fed
that q buffet supper and
bar waits at Llangolleri
before the auction starts.
This is true, but It has
been planned more for buy
ers than for those who are
coming out Of plebian curiosity.
According to Nancy Lee, Liz
Is not expected back from Cali
fornia for the sale, but nobody
knows the unpredictable moves
Of Mrs. Lunn. 1t is known.
however. that she has finally
settled on q name for her
$o7. 900 Hyperian colt that she
picked up at Saratoga last
summer. She has hopefully
named him Rise n Shine. I,
Finest Stock
Llangollen Is auctioning on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
FASHION
NOTEBOOK.
CONTINUED From Pare D-s

woman dressed in an equally
beautiful dress to make 1t
something memorable.
Evidence that q lot Of wonl-
en- think the same way is to
be seen in the tremendous
response that full-length
summer ball gowns are. hay.
ing. I'VE can't stock enough
of the really pretty, frothy
dressy clothes" one retailer
told me.
That's a wonderful sign, we
think. It means that fashions
pendulum has swung back to
where women are once again
recognizing the lure Of lovely
clothes for big occasions.
PARIS IS IN THE PINK
Our Paris correspondent in
forms US that things are very
rosy right now in the French
capital. All the women are
wearing very pink makeups
without any tinges Of blue /.
pink is pink furs are pastel
colored. The latest: Pale blue
or lovely pink to match the
hue Of the chiffon for dancing
under the stars. Summer
hairdos are inspired by Modig-
liani. A trip to our National
Gallery Of Art viii give you q
better idea Of the way hair Ia
fiattened on the heads with
strands Of different lengths.
These are Q revival Of the
lo20s mood. For evening they
are less severe with symmetri-
cal swept up" coiffures with
ornaments Of nylon hair toned
to the hair color.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

show which will also feature
mems fashions.
MONDAY
LILLIAN HAMILTON, per.
sonal representative Of Fran.
ces Denny viii be in Washing
ton through the 9Th at Wood.
ward & Lothrop. A preparation
that has real meaning at this
time Of the year when squint-
ing at the sun is so prevalent
is something to ask her about.
Eye Cream with Royal Jelly
gives the needed gentle lubri-
cation to the eye area.
WOODWARD & LOTHROP,
Tea Room. fashion showing at
$3.50 pm. featuring Samsonite
travel ideas. For the business
girl about to embark on her
vacation what to pack those
pretty new clothes In is q
fashion problem. too.
D. C. BAR Association. an
nual outing. dinner and FASH
ion show at 8 pm. at the
Manor Country Club. Mem
pers Of the Bar Association
including George Sirillo, Kent
Thorpe, John Warner, and
Ned Wilkinson will model
mems fashions from The
Hecht Co. Members Of The
Models Guild will show the
fabulous Cole collection Of
jewelled and sequinned swim
suits. Ginny De Franceaux
will do the commentary at
the Fiesta Fashion Show"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
Welsh Club 70 Meat

The regular monthly meet
ing Of the Gwalia Womeh's
Welsh Club Of Washington viii
be held tomorrow at 8 pm. with
Mrs. Cecil Query. l5l5 Rhode
Island avenue NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
IT'S A DATE

TODAY
HECHT'S stages the fashion
show at the Washington Hotel.
2:3O pm. in the Hall of Ma
tons for The Greek Orthodox
Youth Of America. Glenna
Grubic will commentate the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02
Spring Luncheon

The Potomac Chapter. D. c.
Daughters Of the American
Revolution. will hold It's an
nual spring luncheon at the
Congressional Country Club
on Saturday at / pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-02

Llangollen Is auctioning Oh
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
Reserve Bank
Boosts Surplus


Surplus account of the Fed
eral Reserve Bank of Richmond
reached a new high of SGT 1885,
1888 on December 81. compared
with $35,0l1,S52 a year earlier,
the annual report showed today.
Net earnings before payments
to the United States Treasury
amounted to $26,683.6l9, COM
pared with $l6.1lS.l45 in the
previous year. the report from
President Hugh Leach said.
Total current earnings rose to
$35, 660.60l from $24,0l2,042
while net expenses increased to
$8,943,623 from $7,842.174.
The bank paid $23, 237 ,535 to
the Treasury as interest on Fed
eral Reserve Notes. compared
with $l3.786,64S in the previous
year. Dividends to member banks
increased to $864,l54 from $780,
65l. 1t transferred $2,581, $50 to
surplus, compared with $751;
BAT in 1855.
The banks three Offices han
died 245.l44 900 checks amount
ing to $85, 340.610.000 in 1856.
They received and paid out
845, 959.929 pieces of currency
and handled 1896 transfers
OF funds for member banks to-
falling 58,736,553,361.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
Seaboard Finance Reports
Profits Above Year Ago

Seaboard Finance Co., which
operates Offices in this area. had
net income of Sl,7l9.038 or &c
cents a share in three months
ended December 81, compared
with sl,626,479 or "a cents a
share in the like period a year
earlier. President Paul A. Ap-
pleby reported.
The company added $l4.2l4.-
ST. in receivables outstanding
during the quarter, raising the
total TO $25l ,005, 99l on December
81, compared with 500, So ,48I a
year earlier.
Seaboard opened IL new Offices
and acquired 81 more with the
purchase of American National
Finance Corp. of Newark, N. ].
Branch Offices totaled 372 on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
'AT&T Shares
Earn S13.16

NEW YORK. Feb. 10 tP.-
Bell System earnings for 1856
amounted to $777.791.000 equal
TO $l3.l6 a share of American
Telephone g. Telegraph Co. stock,
compared with $683.544.O00 or
1910 q share the previous year,
Frederick r. Kappel. president,
said yesterday in the AT&T an
lnual report.
The 1856 per-share earnings
were computed on 57,423, 900 av-
.erage Shares outstanding. an in
crease Of 6.7l7.0o0 from the av-
Ierage outstanding in the previous
year.
Bell earnings on total capital
were SO per cent, the same as
in 1855.
I'm these times Of unprece-
dented growth, with the need to
obtain billions Of dollars OF new
capital from investors" Mr..
Kappel said. earnings above
present levels are required"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
CHIcAGOLWESTOcK

CHICAGO, Feb. 10 H1-(USDA) -
Salable hogs 5000; fairly active. un-
even; generally steady to 25 higher
on butchers: later and closing trade
mostly 1925 higher; sows scarce. steady
e strong; fair shipping demand; No. 20
numerous sales at u' i76o: i DciSdinaG; I
few lots 1-2 grade l4O pound and
heavier: several special lots I-3 mostly
IL 10000 pound sorted for grade
around ,205 pound uniform in weieht
and grade 1850: No. 2-3 2b0-2yO hound
! IA =; 35 5s -. %: small volume mostly. 3
; ,niv.S pound le;25-l6.4Q; larger lots
1890; few No. ~ around $50 round
seiabie cattle 5000: calves 200;
and $500 carried from "sI Monday StSSG
mostly fed steers: steers i.i00 10 down
fairly active and mostly steady: average
choice and better over LOO ID steady
e weak ,ea spots % 70 SO lover on good
choice and prime heifers weak; other
SLOW SLOW; steady to % lower: bulls slow.
s Mesk ,et 70 % lover yealers stosksrs
and prime l;o60-lb steers 2225. 2
100 good to- average choice Ia So
2l,20; standard steers l5.50-l7 so: 4
heliers 20,oo-2o.5n: few prime mixed
yearlinss 2l.25i good and choice
mereial l0.75-l325: standard COWS up
ll.s5i utility and commercial bulls
aSo5SS few 0o very r1' s fa0 eals ss doSn
to T.O0n: few common 630-lb feeding
steers u 90; sood a75-lb stocksr heller
l.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
Col. Richard Daley Elected
Club Managers Head

Col. Richard E. Daley was
elected president Of the Club
Managers Association Of Amer
lea at the annual conference in
New York City. He is manager
of the Army Navy Country Club
in nearby Arlington, Va.
Col. Daley has been vice presi-
dent of the association in the
last year. He has a law degree
from Youngstown College and
Ipracticed law in Cleveland before
starting hotel career with the
National Hotel Management Co.
in 1890.
He served with the Air Force
in World War II. He is a MEM
Der Of the Washington Board Of
Trade. the Virginia and New
York State Bar Associations and
other organizations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
1000 Job Cutbuck

New York. Feb. 10 (R,-Re-
public Aviation Corp. says it's
dropping some 1000 production
workers from the payroll be-
tween March ! and June and
may make a further reduction
later. The firm cited this rea-
son: 'PhaSing-out" Of manufac-
ture Of the F84F Thunderstorm
fighter plane viii occur some
time before heavy production be-
gins on Its new Flo5 Thunder.
chief.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-19
ALB Pays Tribute
To joshua Evans,
One of Founders

Joshua Evans. jr.. veteran re-
tired banker and chairman OF
the advisory board at the Ma
tional Bank of Washington,
received a tribute last week end
from the American Institute Of
Banking which he helped to
found.
At the annual banquet OF
Washington Chapter of the ALB
Saturday night, it was disclosed
that Mr.. Evans is the last sur
viving member of the board of
three trustees elected when the
ALB was founded to take over
the American Institute of Bank
Clerks in 1906-l907. 1t was the
first elective board as previously
banks had appointed institute
personnel.
Mr.. Evans, who recently cele-
brated his 62nd anniversary ir
banking and his Both birthday
served as president of Wash
Iington Chapter in 191l-l2. He
Started his banking career with
Riggs National and advanced to
vice president. He then became
president of the old District
National Bank and after the
bank holiday in 1888 helped to
found the Hamilton National
Bank. which he served as vice
president until he retired in
1851. 80 -
After the Hamilton was
merged with the National Bank
of Washington in 1854 he be-
came chairman of the NBW's
advisory board. He was presi-
dent Of the District Bankers AS
ISOLATION in 1922 and has served
in many community and civic
organizations.
Mr.. Evans and Mrs. Evans
were present at the banquet Sat-
urday night to hear the tribute
delivered by William r. Read
ing, chapter president.