davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-02

The Army's earth satellite
observers, vigorously trained
for q year. now are on their
way to set up an "electronic
fence" across South America.
In lonely tropical outposts.
they will serve as sentries of
the passage Of the Inter-
national Geophysical Years
man-made moon which will
be launched from Florida
sometime next year. The
posts were selected by the
Army Map Service. engaged
for years with the Inter-
American Geodetic Survey,
in mapping the southern con-
tinent.
Chief Of the task force is
Col. Robert c. Miller of the
Map Service, Itself a branch
of the Army Engineers. The
task force itself has been
drawn from both the Engin-
GERS and the Signal Corps.
The six Army tracking
stations form the principal
fence" over which the satel-
lite is expected to pass in its
orbit. Through them the sci
entiflc information gathered
by the automatically operat-
ing electronic instruments on
the manmade moon will be
communicated to the earth.
They are located at Santiago
and Antofagasta, Chile; An
con, Peru: Cotapaxi near Qui-
to, Ecuador; Batista Field
near Havana and Fort Stew
art, Ga. These are in addi-
ton to three operated by the
Navy on the island of An
tigua, San Diego and Blossom
Point, Md, about 40 miles
from Washington.
Basic Purpose
Each of the Army stations
will be under command of a
Signal Corps captain, with
IS enlisted men and a vary
ing number Of civilians. A
station consists of a building
80 by 20 feet in area, con-
crete pads for truck-lnounted
electronic equipment. and
nine precisely located anten-
mas which cover several acres.
Basic purpose Of these
tracking stations is to prove
by electronic observation that
the satellite is actually NOV
ing around the earth, to de-
termine its precise position
within its orbit as it passes
above and between two of
the stations, and to collect
data on conditions on regions
traversed by the man-made
moon. The information COL
lected will be dispatched at
once to the control center at
the Naval Research Labora-
tory in Washington. Thus,
it is anticipated. it can be
located at any time within
a matter of minutes.
\ \ +
Living in a packing box
with temperatures sinking to
minus As Fahrenheit, their
fuel washed away, unable to
get into communication with
the outside world for more
than three months
This has been the expert
ence Of 20 men Of the British
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-02

Of students and the need for ever
expanding campus facilities, this might
not in itself solve the problem, but 1t
would greatly ameliorate it. Mr.. Abrams
and the other founders of the CFAE are
espousing program that deserves the
widest possible attention and support.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-02
Toxpoyer's Loment

After your recent articles
about a Montgomery County
assessors charges OF irregu-
larities in assessments, it was
to be expected that the So
called investigation by the
supervisor Of assessments and
the director of finance would
result in a report to the
effect that there are no in
equities in the county real
estate assessments.
Controlling the assessments
in Montgomery County is
what I call a three-headed
monster consisting Of the
Assessment Office, the Appeal
Tax Court and the State Tax
Commission.
On May 2. 1856, the State
Tax Commission was re-
quested to investigate the adj
ministration Of Montgomery
County assessments on such
matters as:
/. That those provisions of
the Maryland tax laws
which apply to the taxing
authorities are not being re-
spected by them If compliance
would be inconvenient or not
in accordance with their own
dictates and desires. 2. That
those provisions of the Mary
land tax laws which apply
to the taxpayer are either
strictly construed or miscon-
Strued by the taxing authors
ties of Montgomery County,
depending on who the tax
payer is. 3. That assessments
have been based on false re-
ports by county employees.
4. That notices of assessment
are illegal. 5. That unethical
procedure by the taxing au-
thorities is initiating against
due process Of law. 6. That
orized fixing" of
assessments is prevalent.
Z. Malfeasance of Office with
in the county government.
8. That differential tax treat
ment favors the property Of
numerous specified countv
officials.
The State Tax Commission
did not inquire of the COM
plainant whether the above
charges could be substantl-
ated. but instead replied over
six months later that IL "does
not choose to investigate"
That reply dated November
Z. 1856. was not forthcoming
until after the Governor had
been told Of the failure of
the commission to answer
correspondence.
A letter was sent to the
county manager on october
4, 1856, Offering to produce
evidence concerning mall
feasance Of Office within the
county government but this
offer was neither answered
nor acknowledged by the
county manager.
Then on october 80, 1856,
request was made to be heard
by the County Council in
connection with malfeasance
Of Office within the county
government with respect to
real estate assessments and
the failure Of officials in
Montgomery County to cor
rect same. This request was
neither answered or acknowl-
edged.
The county officials re-
sponsible for present condi-
tons apparently are attempt
ing to blame an assessor who
dares to let his conscience
be his guide. Let's have an
impartial investigation Of as
sessments by persons out
side the county government.
PPotaaklnR Taxwayog.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-02

programing and construc-
ton.
AS long as we have to live
as wards of government
without right to select our
own leaders. I hope that
those in the future appointed
to run our affairs will be as
devoted to our welfare as are
these gentlemen.
Ruth Dene NeufeId.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-02
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtteTs' correct
names and addresses. An
letters are subject to conden-
sGtton.
, 1957-01-31
Trinidud Make Pluns
to Establish Milk
Production Coop.

TRINIDAD : A committee
to consider the establishment
Of a Milk Division of the Mar
keting Board has recently
been appointed by the Govern
ment. The committee, headed
by the Deputy Director of
Agriculture, has held several
meetings in it's effort to inves-
tigate the present methods of
marketing milk in the island,
It is planned to sponsor a
Milk Production Cooperative
Society in South Trinidad, for
the purpose of increasing
peasant production Of milk.
, 1957-01-31
Steamship Operated
by ~Junuicun Govt
Carries 1000 Pass.

CARIBBEAN A statement
issued by the Jamaica Govern
ment says that the S. S. "West
Indian" during the first year
of It's operations-1955-car
ried just over 1000 passen-
gers, although the demand for
first and second-class accom-
mediation exceeded what was
available.
There was a deficit of
1908 Pounds on the years
workings, not including the
subsidy of 47,361 Pounds paid
to the company by British
Caribbean Governments.
, 1957-01-31
FOR SALE

Project 4-Door Sedan
4 New Tires and Tubes
New Battery : Exhaust pipe
Just thoroughly overhauled
Good Running Order
$4,000
Write Box $50
, 1957-01-31
Reldx Emergency
Measures; British
Guiond Progresses
7 GUIANA A re

BRITISH GUIANA A re-
taxation of emergency mea-
sures in British Guiana has
been made quite possible by
a quiet year of steady develop
ment, says the Colony's latest
annual report, flor 1850. An
exhaustive enquiry has been
made into the existing system
Of local government and re-
concentrations designed to
provide the framework for a
revised system have been ac-
copied in principle and their
early augmentation W a S
hoped for.
There was increased pro-
duction Of sugar, rice, timber,
bauxite, gold and diamonds.
Further progress was made
with the initial two year de-
velopment program and the
foundation laid for more rapid
expansion in 1856. Production
of sugar had risen during the
year to 250,000 tons, of which
:. all but 10000 tons had been
exported and total production
of rice had also increased to
an estimated $4,000 tons. Tim
Der production had amounted
to approximately IL million
cubic feet compared with 6.8
million cubic feet in 1854,
Mining industries continued
to make significant contribu-
ton. Bauxite production had
risen from 100000 tons of
crude ore in 1858 to over "a
million tons. Gold production
totalled %, 766 ounces. Dia-
mond production at $4,000
metric carats was a ten per
cent improvement on the 1854
figure.
, 1957-01-31
Probate No. IS 1866
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

Please take notice that the undersigned has been ap-
pointed Executor in the above entitled estate. All creditors
are hereby directed to present their claims with proper
within six () months from the date hereof. Persons
indebted to the said estate are required to make payment
within the said time. Persons claiming to be next of kin shall
file their proof of heirship with the undersigned or with the
Clerk of the District Court within the aforesaid period,
Dated: January %, 1857.
Austin Andrew de ChabeFt
Executor
, 1957-01-31

In the District Court of the Virgin Islands of the United States
Division of Saint Croix at Christiansted
In the Matter of the Estate of
de CHABERT,
Deceased. Probate No. 18 1856
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
Conference Invites
.Neqro Methodists

CHICAGO. June 20 Dr.
Delegates to the Rock River
Methodist Conference voted
unanimously yesterday to invite
Chicago area Negro churches to
join them in a single conference.
Under the plan some 10 Negro
churches will be invited to trans
fer to the conference in June,
1858. or later. No Negro churches
are currently in the Rock River
Conference. The Negro churches
are in the Lexington Conference
of Negro Methodist Churches.
The conferences cover the Chi
cago area.
Nelson Price. spokesman for
the Rock River Conference, said
although the offer cannot be
formally acted upon until the
Lexington Conference meeting
next spring, a joint committee
would begin working out admin
istrative changes connected with
the transfer before then.
So far there has been no
indication of what the Lexington
Conference reaction will be, he
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20

witness in addition to Mr.. Ken
nedy. If there is another witness
he is expected to be Samuel B
Bassett. counsel of the Western
Conference and subsidiary or
CARNATIONS in Washington State
Mr.. Bassett testified earlier as q
defense witness.
When all the testimony is in
Mr.. Hitz and John j. Pickens
BrewSter's chief trial counsel
will make their final arguments
The judge suggested As min
utes for each side, but said he
would not hold the lawyers to
that limit.
Brewster testified yesterday
that "at all times I took the ad-
vice Of my counsel on everything
that / did"
In reply to a question by Judge
Sirica, Brewster said he realized
that he-and not his lawyer
would suffer the consequences.
The basic contention of the
defense is that the subcommit-
tee was beyond its authority in
investigating internal affairs Of
labor unions.
Brewster subsequently pro-
duced records and answered
questions before the Senate
'Rackets Committee which took
over the subcommittee investi-
cation into misdeeds Of labor and
management.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
Gov. Leader Gets
|CIurk's Booking
For Senate Seat

HARRISBURG. Pa, June 20
(R.-Senator Clark. Democrat
of Pennsylvania, tonight doomed
Gov. George M. Leader for the
United States Senate.
He praised Gov. Leader as "the
finest, grandest young Governor
in the United States" To the
applause of the 1000 Democrats
at a $100-a-plate Embarrassing
dinner, Senator Clark added:
II think I know whom you're
going to send to Washington
and / know whom I'm going to
want"
This was the first public mem
ton by leading Democrat of a
Leader candidacy, although
Democrats have long discussed
the possibility that the Governor
would run for the Democratic
senatorial nomination next year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
Court Of Appeals Rejects
Hoffo TrioI Delay Plea

his constitutional right to effec-
tive assistance of counsel.
At one point he accused the
Government of playing trial
calendar smorgasbord" in pick
ing and choosing which case il
would try first. The attorney
asked a one-week delay in the
trial date.
Mr.. Carroll pointed out that
the Hoffa case already had been
postponed twice. The last post
ponement was from last Mon
day to yesterday.
The arguments were heard BY
Appellate Judges E. Barrett
Prettyman. George T. Washing
ton and Warren E. Burger.
In view of the appellate argu-
mentS, Judge Matthews said the
proceedings in her court with
continued questioning of the
panel. would not. be resumed
until 1880 pm today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
California Women
Born in Mexico Top
Lung Cancer Study

SACRAMENTO. Calf. June
20 CP.-Studies show lung can
Ger occurs almost three times
more frequently among Califor-
MIA women born in Mexico than
among other California women.
the State department of public
health said today.
The department, in a report
to Gov. Goodwin Knight, said
the lung cancer rate among
women of Mexican birth is about
equal to that among men of
Mexican birth. For the rest of
the California population. the
rate is several times as great
among men as among women.
Cause Of excess lung cancer
among Mexican-born women is
unknown but an investigation is
to be made Of such possibilities
as smoking, food cooking habits
and other aspects Of living. the
report said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20

Ieras and Hofia himself stood
accused Of an attempted prac-
tice which could hardly be
described as other than cor
rupt.
Hoffa is first, last and
always a special pleader for
his cause. Last winter he de-
clined an invitation to make
a Sunday afternoon television
panel-show appearance be-
cause, as he explained. when he
went on the air he proposed
to tell his story on his own
terms.
He gets a chance now to tell
his story in court-but not
on terms altogether favorable to
James Riddle Hoffa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
BY HOWARD L. DUTKIN

The United States Court of
Appeals today rejected a defense
plea that the bribery trial of
James r. Hoffa and LYMAN
Fischbach now in its preliminary
stages. be postponed.
Announcement of denial of the
plea was made shortly after the
judges heard arguments on the
move today. The trial was to
resume later today.
The defense attorneys argued
that the constitutional rights of
Mr.. Hoffa and Mr.. Fischbach
would be violated unless then
trial. now in preliminary stages,
is postponed.
Mr.. Hoffa. Teamster Union
vice president, and Mr.. Fisch-
bach, a former counsel for con-
gressional committees. are ac-
cused of bribing John eye
Cheasty. a New York attorney
and former Secret Service agent,
to get Job with the Select Sem
ate Committee investigating la
Dor racketeering. and then turn
over the committees confidential
files to them.
Argues Procedure Is Wrong
They are also charged with
obstructing a congressional in
quiry, a charge similar to OBJ
structing justice, and Of defraud-
ing the Government by trying
to deprive it of the right to
faithful service of an employe
(Cheasty) by bribery.
Assistant United States Attor-
ney Lewis Carroll argued that the
defense motion was premature.
He declared that the proper
procedure would be to await the
end OF the trial and the verdict.
Then. he said. the defendants
II convicted. could appeal on the
Constitutional. grounds.
Mr.. Maher, representing Mr.,
Fischbach, argued that publicity
poured into living rooms" by
the Congressional Committee In
vestigating Union Racketeering
has created such a preiudicial at
mosphere that selection OF an
impartial jury would be i'm
possible.
He asked that the trial be de-
layed at least until the October
term OF court. At one point. re-
ferring to publicity. which he
said. emanated mainly from
Congress he stated this court
must decide If jurors are TO be
subjected to this brain-condi-
tioning."
Insists on Brief Delay
Mr.. Williams told the court
that he had been tied up in argu-
ing a motion for a new trial in
New York for Frank Costello
gambler, who had been convicted
on income tax charges.
He asserted that because OF
this he was unable properly to
prepare the Hoffa defense
Thus. he said. to begin the trial
now would deprive his client OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
1900 Yeor-OId City
Dug Up Near CuIcuttu

CALCUTTA. - Archaeological.
have established that a pre-.
Christian civilization f1ourishec
at Chandraketurgarh, % miles
from Calcutta.
A 2,300-year-old city with a
system Of underground drainage
has been unearthed by excava-
tors from Calcutta's Asutoth
Museum. The underground pipe
lines were made of terracotta
Indications are that the site was
Inhabited for about 1900 years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
Senators Aim to UnroveI
Affairs of Bakers Chief

to answer as to his expenditure
of personal funds on the ground
that this was not pertinent to
the committees inquiry.
Committee accountants
showed expenses of about $25, 900
i'm 1855 and $4,000 in, 1856 as
having been claimed by Cross.
Most of the vouchers authoriz-
ing payment to him gave only
scanty information about what
the expenses were for.
Trip Expenses Listed
Included in the expense ac-
counts paid to Cross were such
totals as $4,O69.75 for an 11-day
trip to New York; $962.53 for
two days in Portland and $774.57
for a brief stay in Ottumwa,
Iowa. The Lower woman was
present on all three occasions.
Cross denied under question
ing that he occupied connecting
rooms with the Los Angeles
prostitute, but a letter from a
lawyer for the Hotel Ottumwa
showed that at Cross request the
two had been put in adjoining
rooms. Cross made the point that
the rooms may have adjoined
but were not connecting" in the
sense they had no door between
them.
Committee Counsel Kennedy
had a staff member call the hotel
and ascertain that a door did
in fact communicate between the
two rooms Cross and the Lower
woman had occupied.
Explains WOmans Transfer
The role of the woman in
union affairs occupied a good
deal of the attention of the
committee yesterday. At one
point a slip of Cross tongue
caused a thunderouS roar of
laughter through the caucus
room. Even the usually solemn
Senator Mcclellan laughed
loudly at Cross reply to a ques-
ton about why the Lower woman
had been moved from one Miami
Beach hotel to another during a
union meeting:
Our intent was to keep this
particular person under cover"
Cross repeatedly denied any
wrongful use of union funds. and
said it was customary for union
presidents to be reimbursed for
large entertainment and food
expenditures on their own simple
statement without supporting
paperwork. He said that if the
system were wrong it would be
changed. but denied that he re-
garded it as wrong.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20

WITHOUT a jury, SAID yesterday ne
will make his ruling on Brew
ster's guilt or innocence as soon
as the trial ends. He said he ex-
poets the case to be completed
today.
The maximum punishment for
contempt Of court is one year
in jail and a $1,000 fine.
Assistant United States At
torney William Hitz said he
would recall Robert F. Kennedy,
chief counsel of the subcommit-
tee. Mr.. Kennedy now is serving
as chief counsel for the Senate
Rackets Investigating Commit
tee.
Mr.. Hitz said he may call one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
BY WILLIAM HINES

Senate Rackets investigators
moved today to wind UP their
examination of the tangled f.
nancial affairs of James G..
Cross and the Bakery and Con-
fectionery Workers Union which
he heads.
The stocky union official
faced questions about alleged
money-borrowing and beatings
in his second day before the
investigating committee.
Still to come up for discussion
are charges that Cross and hired
"goons" beat up Mr.. and Mrs.
Nathan Enrich at the Bakery
Workers convention in San
Francisco last October for OPP
posing him for reelection.
Ehrlich, president of a New
York local. had lined up with
forces trying to GUST Cross as
boss Of the union.
Also awaiting Cross are ques-
lions about assertions that he
okayed below STANDARD wage
contracts for Zion Industries,
Inc, Zion. ILL.,. while the BROTH
ers Herbert and Martin Philips
born, ST., who are financially in
terested in the big baking and
candy company, were lending
him about 100000. Cross said
he wants to tell about that and
bring the loan issue into focus. ~
The committee was in recess
this morning after hearing evil
dence that Cross had spent
approximately $4,000 of his
unions money-in addition to
his $l7,500 salary-on trips in
1856. The recess was neceSsitated
by the appearance of Committee
Chairman Mcclellan of Arkan-
sas and Committee Counsel Rob-
ert F. Kennedy, as witnesses at
the District Court trial of Frank
Brewster, West Coast teamSter
official.
Query Relation With Woman
Although Cross heatedly de-
MED any wrongdoing yesterday,
the committee relentlessly pressed
him for explanations of his re !.
lations with Kay Lower, con-
victed Los Angeles prostitute
who was described as an or
ganizer" for the union.
Cross. on advice of his lawyer.
Abraham j. Harris. became the
first man to take advantage of
the new Supreme Court decision
in the Watkins case. Denying
that any union money had been
spent on the Lower woman for
any illegal" purpose. he refused
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
HEADLINE PERSONALITY
Scroppy Jimmy Hoffo
Faces New-Type Fight

Mayor Albert E. Cobo of De-
troit. speaking disparagingly of
Walter Reuther's contributions
to labor stability in the motor
city, remarked to a Detroit Free
Press reporter recently THAT
Jimmy wouldn't do things like
that"
Time and again, James Riddle
Hoffa has been praised by his
peers in the Detroit business
community for his ability to
keep things safe and sane among
truck drivers in that frequently
stormy labor arena. A labor
leader with the soul of a bust
nessman. Jimmy Hoffa has been
known on occasion to rock the
boat-but never Just for the ex-
ercise.
Jimmy. as he is known
throughout labor, stands today
before the bar of District Judge
Burnita Sheldon Matthews JUS
tice, accused Of trying to tamper
with the congressional rackets
inquiry headed by Senator Nc
Clellan of Arkansas. That he is
in trouble is self-evident; he
could go to prison if convicted
of bribery.
No Faint Heart
Short. serappy and A. the
ninth vice president of the Inter-
national Brotherhood Of Team
Isters didn't get where he is pro-
fessionally by being of faint
heart in the clutch. OF course,
there is difference today diff
ference which may or may not be
lost on Hoffa: This is one jam
he will not get out Of by dexter
Gus use of his hamlike fists.
There is no doubt that
Hoffa is a dedicated labor lead
er. Exactly what he is dedicated
to. however, may be open to
question. His protagonists say
his every waking moment is
spent in service TO the work.
ing man; his enemies say he is
a dangerous seeker after power
who has no objection to a little
personal profit.
Hoffa is prosperous, but
not lavishly so in the manner Of
his Teamster superior, Dave
Beck. He and his associates in
Detroit Local 299 drive around
in Cadillacs. but only because
in the words Of a friendly biog-
rapher-'he believes that they
earn the right to the best avail
able equipment for their work"
Always Special Pleader
The Teamster official tends to
look on situations in the labor
movement in terms of black and
white. Last February-on the
eve Of the day he is accused Of
having tried to bore from with
in the rackets committees
structure-Hofia told Star re-
porter in Detroit:
There are no elements OF
labor that are corrupt"
In the ensuing four months,
the story of Dave Beck was
told in front Of television cam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-20
Brewster Verdict Near
On Contempt Charges
By the ASSOCIATED Press

verdict appeared probable to day in the contempt of Con-
gress trial OF Frank w. Brewster chairman of the 1Sa West
ern Conference of the Teamsters Union.
Brewster accused of unawfly refusing produce
and questions before the investigations
mttee last January.