davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
Aswon Dom-Whot Happened?

Z. In July. 1856. Col. Nasser
accepted the original condi.
tions Of the World Bank but
still wanted to get a change
in the terms Of the grants by
the American and British gov
ernmentS. The Egyptian Am
bassador at Washington. after
a trip to Cairo. told Mr.. Dulles
that Col. Nasser now was pre-
pared to go ahead. But be-
tween February and July, 1856,
Col. Nasser had involved him.
self more deeply with the Rus
slams and had mortgaged more
and more Of his cotton to pay
for the arms from the Com
munists. Likewise the British
felt Col. Nasser had been in
strumental In expelling Gen.
Club from Jordan. the French
felt Col. Nasser was instigat-
ing much of the. trouble in
Algeria and supplying arms to
the rebels. and many members
of Congress were alienated be-
cause Col. Nasser deliberately
recognized Communist China
the first U. N. member to do
this since the Korean war. All
this, together with the atti-
tude Of Southern Senators on
the cotton question. caused the
collapse Of the Aswan Dam
negotiations.
8. Col. Nasser limited in q
statement long before the As
wan Dam negotiations failed
that he would seize the
Suez Canal at any time
he wished.
II Congress had been will
ing to let Mr.. Dulles make a
pledge Of $3.50 million more
back in February 1856. would
there have been a crisis in the
Middle East? Would 1t have
made any difference, since Col.
Nasser was operating closely
with the Communists and try
ing to play one side against the
other? But it is interesting
to speculate what a big crisis
in the world might have been
averted If members of Congress
who like to blame the Secretary
Of State had been willing to
give the administration dis
cretionary powers over long
range foreign aid.
The President Is asking
again for some Of the same
kind Of broad authority to deal
with an ever-changing situa-
ton in the Middle East. Will
he get it. or will Congress
block 1t again?
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
Arm of American Diplomacy

out that instead Of using his
powers to enforce compliance.
Secretary Seaton decided to
plead with the industry and
allowed this luckless task to
fall on the shoulders Of As
sistant Secretary Wormser.
Whatever his reasons for
handling the matter the way
he has, Secretary Seaton is
going to be questioned this
week by angry Senators.
The oil industry is deeply
divided about the job Of sup
plying Europe's oil deficit. The
great international oil COM
panies are on one side, the in
dependents on the other. Not
only profits but future posi-
tons are at stake.
The British have been angry
at Texans whom they blame
for taking advantage Of their
unhappy situation to gouge
them in the price of petroleum
and its products. They have
what appears to be a logical
basis for their displeasure. The
Texas Railroad Commission,
which regulates the produc-
ton of oil in the State which
processes more than half of
all the proved United States oil
reserves, has refused to in
crease production quotas as a
result of the emergency.
The oil industry is going to
find that the Congress is not
going to be easily appeased In
the present situation. It is
being asked to make great
military and economic COM
mitments in the Middle East,
an area important to us chief
ly for its oil. What Congress
will want to know is whether
an industry for which we
make such commitments, Is
capable Of deserving them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28

John Foster Dulles had an
ambition from early youth to
become Secretary Of State.
All his activities were directed
toward that goal which he
finally reached in 1858. But
In recent days he has discov-
cred that the office Is a bed
Of roses with more thorns
than flowers.
Few spokesman Of the adj
ministration have undergone
a more gruelling examination
from q Joint committee Of the
Senate than he did.
It has been good sport for
many years for members Of
Congress and newspapermen
to needle the Secretary Of
State. But none, not even the
unpopular Dean Acheson, has
ever undergone as severe an
examination at the hands of
the opposition as Mr.. Dulles,
who managed during the four
days Of public hearings never
to lose his temper.
The Democrats-even those
who were not prompted by
partisanship to harpoon John
Foster"-had a field day.
The Secretary of State has
q pat case in the motivation
Of the Eisenhower plan for
the Middle East. Nobody in
Congress denies the fact that
the situation in that area is
fraught with serious dangers
and that the USSR and Com
muniSt China must be put on
notice that they will run into
trouble If they decide to make
the Middle East another Com
munist satellite camp.
Nobody in Congress seri-
ously intends to question the
Presidents constitutional au-
thority to use force to prevent
further Red encroachment.
Everybody realizes that an
early ratification OF the
courtesy approval" by Con-
gress would greatly strengthen
the hand of the Commander
in-Chief since it would show
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
Experiment in Democracy Called
Most Exciting One in World Today

NEW DELHI, India.-Dur-
Ing our stay in India, the
world renowned historian.
Prof. Arnold Toynbee, has
been here, speaking and CIV
ing interviews in numerous
cities. Especially famous for
his study Of civilizations, he
has said here that India, I'M
like the Moslem and Christian
worlds, has always had strong
traditions Of tolerance.
I'm contrast to Western
traditions, which tended to be
exclusive, the Indian tradi-
tons had always allowed for
more than one path to reach
the same goal" he remarked
at Madras.
The Christian world has
learned tolerance the hard
way. Its development has been
marked by crusades against
Islam. and by a terrible in
ternecine war. between Catho-
lies and Protestants, which. in
the 10th century, left Germany
with more wolves than people.
Both experiences have
taught, or should have taught,
the West that theological wars
are futile. Christianity could
not destroy Islam nor vice
versa. Both have the allegiance
Of hundreds Of millions Of
people to this day, and there
are still Catholics and Prot
estants.
Democracy In the West,
however, began TO flourish only
after a certain standard Of
education and material we'll
being had been achieved.
There is, ! think, no example
other than India Of a people
largely iliterate and living UNI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
DOROTHY THOMPSON
India Believes in Tolerance

time. be reconciled with toler-
ance and patience. so he
believes that the forces divid-
ing the world also can. in time,
be so reconciled.
For consider these divisive
forces. India, with a popula-
ton approaching 400,000,00O,
is divided by religions. Ian
guages. and castles. Although
the Hindu religion predom-
mates. there are still 100000
Moslems in India, despite par
tition, and. in addition there
are jams. Sikhs, Buddhists,
and others.
The people Of India speak
IL major languages and many
dialects, and all affairs at
state and community level
must be conducted in the
predominant language.
Caste divisions, though less
obvious to the outsider, divide
the people into some 500
castles and subdivisions Of
castles.
Hundreds of thousands Of
Holy Men" batten on a miser-
ably poor population. Fifty
million sacred monkeys and
millions Of useless cattle, also
sacred. are kept alive In q
country unable, as yet. to feed
Its people properly. Most Of
the leaders of India have no
sympathy with these. to them,
superstitions.
AS one such leader remarked
to me, There Is q temptation
to take history by the ears. A
brutally totalitarian govern
ment could kill of the mon
keys and useless cattle. But in
the course Of doing so 1t would
have to kill of also an equal
number Of rebellious human
beings. We prefer the slower
gays Of education"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
Dulles and His Senatorial Critics

stances made little impression
on the Senators. They pointed
out to him that less than q
year ago he had stated with
equal emphasis that I'VE. must
tell the International Commu-
nists what we will do should
they get out Of bounds" And
we did telegraph our punches"
In the West Pacific at q time
when it seemed almost certain
that the Chinese Communists
would use force against For
mosa and the offshore islands.
At that time, the Chinese
Red guns were pounding Mat
su and Quemoy. Troops ready
to embark on an amphibious
operation had been gathered in
Fukien Province across the
Formosan Straits. The passage
Of the resolution that Presi.
dent Eisenhower could use the
armed forces of the United
States to defend the islands Of
the Republic Of China silenced
those guns more effectively
than the military capabilities
and defenses of the Free China
islands.
A situation closely resem-
bling that Of 1854 exists today
in the Middle East. The ad.
ministration's case is as good
as it was two years ago in the
Far East.
When the Eisenhower Doc
trine" was first enunciated, the
sentiment in both houses Of
Congress was that 1t would
pass without trouble. 81
The legislators understood,
that a speedy approval backed.
by a very substantial majority
would serve notice on Moscow
and Peiping that we mean real
business. z
It was unfortunate that
Secretary Dulles and his close
advisers did not wake up to
realize that the Senate, In
particular, is reluctant to all.
low discretionary powers on
the spending Of the taxpayers
money without further reasons
than some generalities and
cliches as grounds for such
expenditures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28

der such substandard condi-
lions as to constitute actual
squalor, successfully govern
ing themselves by democratic
processes.
And because India is such
an example, the Indian ex-
pertinent in democracy is the
most exciting one in the world
today. Americans who are
working here in all the prof.
ects commonly known as
Point Four"--in agriculture,
industry and mining. transpor-
tation, labor, health, educa-
ton. commercial projects, with
various degrees Of intensity
and investment, the largest
being in agriculture and nat
ural resources-have a dedi-
Gated fervor which I have not
found elsewhere.
The difficulties Of maintain
ing the spirit of tolerance es-
sential to democratic function
ing are inherent in the stu
alton. 1t takes fearless courage
to believe that the forces
dividing this country can be
harmonized rather than liq-
Undated by brute force. But
this kind Of courage, rooted in
a consistent philosophy of life.
characterizes midas leaders,
notably Mr.. Nehru.
No head Of a state, whom I
have met on this tourney, is
more serene than Mr.. Nehru.
At 81. his face is almost UNI
lined. and his step, his bearing.
the quickness Of his percep-
lions and reactions. all belle
his age.
AS he believes that the
,divisive forces Of India can In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Eisenhower Plan for Middle East
Fails to Obtain Speedy Approval


our enemies and friends that
the country is behind him.
A similar resolution was
approved within less than a
week two years ago when the
President was given authority
to use armed force to defend
Formosa and the offshore
islands against Communist
aggression.
The reason why the For
mosa resolution passed so
speedily and without any OPP
position was that 1t was not
encountered by the weighty
discretionary economic assist
ance now demanded by the
administration.
Mr.. Dulles is an outstanding
corporation attorney. AS such
he does not have the light
touch and easy manner Of law
yers who appear before juries.
And 1t is before a jury Of 90
men and one woman Senator
that he has been appearing to
plead for a good cause.
Unfortunately his answers
to the pointed questions have
been unsatisfactory even to
most partisan Republicans.
And he led his questioners, as
Senator Humphrey observed to
him, ION the path Of intellec-
tual wilderness"
Mr.. Dulles admitted that the
administration has sufficient
funds to tide it over during the
next 60 days without Congress
giving it further discretionary
powers on how to use these
sums. But he insisted that the
military and economic assist
ance to the Middle East must
pass in one package neatly tied
with the ribbons of Congress
sional approval. He was never
clear, to the satisfaction of his
interrogators, why this must
be exactly so.
Mr.. Dulles explanation that
we must not telegraph our
punches to the enemy by tell
ing exactly what we are going
to do under definite circum-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
DORIS FLEESON
Oil Industry Failure in Europe's Need
Will Bring Its Privileges Into Question

The failure of the American
oil industry to meet its quotas
in the shipment of oil to
Europe to make up for losses
caused by the closure of the
Suez canal is likely to put
that most favored industry in
the deepest trouble it has been
in since the days when the
trust busters broke up the
Rockefeller oil monopoly.
1t was revealed by Assistant
Secretary Of the Interior Felix
E. Wormser that the Ameri-
can companies have been de-
livering only IS per cent of the
amount Of oil needed to meet
Western Europe's shortage.
Persons close to the industry
insist that in actuality the
shortage in deliveries comes
closer to so per cent.
Senators who have been in
cenSed at the recent increase
in the price Of crude oil and
its products have already
threatened a full scale in
vestigation of the price in
creases. A number of them
have had vigorous complaints
from constituents who think
that the oil industry has taken
advantage of the western
worlds troubles to increase
profits. That investigation will
begin Friday through the
nti-Monopoly subcommittee
Of the Senate's powerful COM
mittee of the Judiciary.
The revelation now that the
industry is failing to deliver
oil to Europe in required quaint
tiles is certain to produce heavy
pressure for an even more ex-
tensive investigation than had
been planned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28

The oil industry is unique in
the United States. 1t has tax
allowances and privileges which
set it apart from other seq
ments of industry. Because of
its preferred status it has been
allowed very largely to regulate
itself It's failure in the present
instance will surely bring its
privileges into question.
Whether it likes it or not
the oil industry has become an
arm Of American diplomacy
and a vital part of the defense
mechanism. If the industry
does not effectively serve the
needs Of defense and of di-
plomacy, say some Senators.
then it will be essential that
the Government see that it
do so.
The question in the minds
of Democratic senator's is
whether the industry or the
Eisenhower administration is
properly to be blamed for the
present situation. AS in earlier
emergency situations, such as
the second World War and the
Korean war, committees from
the oil industry, with special
exemptions from the Depart
ment Of Justice from the anti
trust statutes, effectively kept
the Free World supplied with
oil. Such an emergency COM
mittee was established to deal
with oil problems as a result Of
the closure Of Suez. The trouble
is, they say, that Interior
Secretary Seaton has failed to
use either his influence or his
powers to persuade or force
the oil industry to perform
the needed job. They point
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
DAVID LAWRENCE
Suez Crisis Might Have Been Averted
If Congress Let Dulles Pledge Funds

Did Secretary of State Dulles
"direct" Col. Nasser to seize the
Suez Canal. and did he direct"
the British and French troops
to go into action there last
autumn?
Thus a casual reading of the
statement made to the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee
by Senator Fulbright of Ar
kansas, Democrat, gives the
impression that Mr.. Dulles is
responsible for everything bad
that has happened in the Mid
die East. For Mr.. Fulbright
says:
This disastrous and remark
able collapse Of our relations
with our closest allies, has
taken place under the direction
Of the present Secretary Of
State, and apparently during
the relatively short space of a
few months"
Mr.. Fulbright wants to know
"about the course of our re-
lations with Col. Nasser; how
and why we became involved
in the Aswan Dam project.
and what led to the Secretary's
abrupt withdrawal of the offer
Just as it was being accepted
by Col. Nasser. a procedure
calculated to give the greatest
possible offense."
Senator Fulbright is a con-
scientious man, and he and
the country are indeed en-
titled to know what happened.
but if all the facts were put
out in a white paper" as he
suggested, it might place GER
tain members Of Congress
themselves in the embarrass-
ing position Of having been to
no small extent responsible
for the debacle by refusing
to give the President the dis
cretionary powers he had
asked for on foreign aid.
The less governments say
publicly. moreover, in criticism
of each other in white
papers," the easier it is to
conduct diplomatic relations.
But newsmen can gather the
facts from a variety of re-
liable sources in London.
Paris and Washington, and
publish them.
This correspondent presents
today a brief summary of
what happened on the inside
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28

with reference to the so-called
abrupt" termination Of the
Aswan Dam negotiations:
/. In November. 1855, the
United States Government,
the British government and
the World Bank carried on at
: Washington a negotiation with
the Egyptian Minister of FL
nance, and an agreement was
worked out to help finance
the building Of the Aswan
Dam.
2. An agreement was acceler-
ated because Egypt had made an
arms deal for Russian arms to
be supplied through Czechoslo-
vakia. The World Bank had been
working for three years on the
Aswan Dam problem.
3, The agreement provided
that the United States would
grant $50 million, Great Britain
$14 million and the World Bank
would lend about 5000 million,
making a total of 1910 million.
4. The terms were taken back
to Cairo for Col. Nasser to APP
prove. The Egyptian President
didn't like the agreement, par
ticularly the conditions of repay
ment laid down by the World
Bank. So, in February 1856, Col.
Nasser invited Eugene Black,
president of the World Bank to
come to Cairo to discuss 1t. Dur
ing a two-week visit. Mr.. Black
urged Col. Nasser to accept the
agreement as being very liberal
indeed, but Col. Nasser said he
wasn't satisfied.
5. Word was transmitted to the
United States and British gov
ernments. and they promptly
said they would give "sympa-
thetic consideration" to his re-
quest. But at that time the
foreign-aid bill was pending in
Congress. Although President
Eisenhower and Secretary Dulles
couldn't say so, they wanted the
broad power or so-called "blank
check" authority for 'lon G
range" aid primarily to handle
a situation like this.
s. At this time there was a
decided sentiment in Congress
against long-range commit
ments, the administrations
foreign-aid bill was in trouble
and several Southern Senators
feared competition from Egyp-
tan cotton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-28
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL.

Ikes Middle East doctrine is working ne King Saud of
Arabia arriving with four guns-to defend Sec
rotary Dulles against the Democrats.
The Government reports the living up again.
White House spokesman there must be mistake
President Eisenhower has authorized prices
deny they're trying to destroy Secretary Dulles
They're merely using little friendly persuaso-unt he
confesses he's the mad bomber of Washington.
The Defense Department predicts boost in personnel
costs Some Of our best military brains led away by
private indusry-and now industry is demanding refund
Britain claims Secretary Dulles nsuted it. France is boil
ing mad too Under the allied agreement insulting the
is the exclusive right Of the French.
Tourist fellow who camera sung over his
shoulder-and smiles while the natives take his picture
The administration holds fewer press conferences
Eisenhower pulling into its she'll In fact even the
Eisenhower dollar Is shrinking
Evening star., 1957-03-10
(d0m1 you m'zsh evezYbody MdI
TV demonstration shows why
Dial stops OdOr
before ii starts!

You've seen il proved on the George Cobel and
Danny Thomas shows. Washing, even scrubbing,
with ordinary good soaps can't remove odor.
causing bacteria effectively. But Dial-with
amazing Ar.7-removcs up to $50 of these odor
makers. Actually stops odor before it starts!
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-06-27
Rev. Anthony NiekeIs
Observes Anniversary

Former pastor of st. Henry'S
Catholic church in Harriettsville
Rev. FIR. Anthony Nickels, was
honored by nearly 200 persons
recently in honor Of his 35ta
anniversary in the priesthood.
A reception was held at the
church hall of his present parish,
Holy Cross church in Glouster,
where he was the recipient of a
purse given to him by the mem
bers of the congregation, and a
painting which is to be placed
in the chapel at Calvary ceme-
terry in his name.
He was honored by a special
Mass later, which was attended
by a number of fellow priests
and members Of the parish. He
was also the guest of honor at
a dinner served in the church
hall with 80 priests and other
invited guests present. Decora-
tions were appropriately depict
ing his ordination day of 35
years ago.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-06-27
Plans Completed For
Field Day, July 1S

Plans are progressing rapidly
for the Conservation Field Day
that is to be held July 18th on
the Bernard Holman farm, near
Fulda.
The Noble county blowing
matches will be a feature of the
morning program. Entries in
both hill and level-land matches
are now being received at the
county extension office and the
Soil Conservation office. All en-
tries must be filed before July
18th.
Appropriate prizes will be
awarded to high scoring contest
ants in the plowing matches and
the winners will compete in the
area match which will determine
contestants for the National
Matches to be held in Adams
county in mid-S September. The
state winner will compete in the
world matches to be held Sept
ember II, l8, 10, and 20
Another important feature of
the Field Day program, will be
a tractor tipping demonstration.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-06-27
(oniratis Are LET
For Highway Projeti,

Various projects in Noble
county have been included in an
extensive program of the Ohio
Department Of Highway inn
provement plan during the sum-
mer months it was announced
in Columbus today.
Bids for a salt sterilization on
State Routes, will be opened on
July 2 at the highway depart
ment office. Included in the con-
tract VIII be II of mile of
State Route $40 in Noble county.
Salt stabiliaztion bids We're
opened June II which included
roads in Noble county according
to the announcement. Five and
three-tenths miles of State Route
670, east of Senecaville reservoir,
and three miles of State Route
564, extending northward from
the junction of State Routes 564
and l45, were the two projects
planned for Noble county.
Highways will not be closed
while this work is in progress
Contractors will provide for the
Maintenance and safety of traf-
fic. Work will be completed
August Is, 1857, the state high,
way department reported.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-06-27
$4,000 Loaned
ToLocaI Farmers

More than $4,000 has been
loaned to farmers in Belmont,
Monroe and Noble counties
through the Farmers Home Ad-
ministration office in Woods
field, during the past 2 months,
the agency's county supervisor
Howard S. Beall, announced this
week.
Repayment on loans outstand-
ing during the same period total
over $4,000.
The heaviest demand has been
credit to finance equipment for
dairy Improvement, productive
livestock, purchase or enlarge
ment and development of farms,
and other farm operating
expenses.
The repayments are on loans
made during previous years and
are primarily from the sale of
dairy products.
Loans and services are avail
able to farmers through Farmers
Home Administration only when
they cannot get the credit they
need on reasonable terms from
other lenders.
The Farmers Home Admins
tratlon Office serving this three
county area is located in the
Post Office building, Woodsfield.