davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1957-01-10
Scott Brady. Rite Gan
TechnicoIor)

This sweet, smooth and sassy new
Chevy has its own built-in dollar
saver''-America's favorite six!
Hard to believe it, but this big
beauty is bottom-priced Chevrolet
"One-Fifty." It's got Body by
Fisher quality written all over it.
And it has peppery, sweet-running
"Blue-Flame" six under the hood to
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1957-01-10
Announce Engagement

Mr. and Mrs. Clyde Ash of near
Grantsville, have announced the
engagement of their daughter.
Dorothy Virginia, to Raymond j.
Yoder, son of John D. Yoder, Of
Grantsville.
No date has been sci for the we'd
ding
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1957-01-10

Yugoslavia's parliament unani-
mously approved of record Federal
budget of $500, 100000 for 1857.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
Civil Rights:
Full Heoring'

Representative Emanuel Celler of
New York. chairman of a House
Judiciary Subcommittee holding
hearings on proposed civil rights
legislation. hopes he can close the
hearings sometime this week. His
hopes, however, can be no more
than faint, for Southerners in the
House were employing delay, their
time-tested and favorite tactic.
against the administrations pack
age of civil rights bills.
The Southerners made 1t plain
that they would insist on strict
enforcement of House rules which
prohibit committees from meeting
while the House is in session, except
by unanimous House consent. They
said they would refrain from OBJ
jecting to meetings simultaneous
with the House itself only If Mr..
Celler agreed to hear all the myriad
Of witnesses from Dixie who might
have a word or two to say on the
subject of civil rights.
Consequently. Southern Cover
nors and attorneys general will line
up this week TO be heard. Last
week the committee heard lesser
State officials from the South. plus
spokesman for labor unions. the Ma
tional Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People and other
organizations that favor the pro-
posed legislation and United States
Attorney General Herbert Brownell.
Mr.. Brownell, the leadoff witness,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
A FAMILY MATTER
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON

Inter-union friction and strug-
giles for members pose a greater
threat to the labor movement than
do the more sensational allegations
of racketeering and corruption.
Leaders OF the AFL-CIO at their
recent Miami Beach meetings laid
a firm foundation for action against
crooks and racketeers. But consid-
erably less progress was made to-
ward finding ways of settling peace
ably the differences and jurisdic-
tional squabbles among unions.
Basically. the problem is the one
that In 1885 caused the CLIO to
split away from the ALA strug-
gle for members between unions Or
gained along craft lines like the
carpenters and industrial unions
like the United Auto Workers, who
take in all employees OF an industry
regardless Of craft.
When the Miami Beach meetings
started 1t seemed the old differ
ences had become so acute that a
new split along lines Of the OLD AL
and CIO was imminent. There
was much less tension at the end
Of the sessions. BY that time some
heads had been knocked together
by AFL-CIO President George
Meany and others. The adversar-
les talked informally and at large
formal meetings and the warm
Florida sun seemed to mellow them.
But although things were more
peaceful when the union leaders
left Miami, there still was no soiu-
ton Of basic differences Mr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10

They are planning to spend $40
billion for new plants and equip
ment alone this year-a 81 billion
increase over the record of 1856.
There is one big question that
enters into the discussion of the
future course of the economy. The
experts wonder If the S420 billion
economy lives by the same rules as
the Model T economy
They doubt that any Great De-
preston today would manifest itself
in horrors duplicating 1929. The
post-depression New Deal, with its
insurance of bank deposits, social
security. minimum wage laws,
mortgage protection, and the like,
placed heavy cushion under the
economy. Many causes of 1929 have
been removed. too. irresponsible
market speculation is no longer
possible under present margin re-
quirements and the watchful eye
of the Securities Exchange Com
mission. and the law deters business
in general from dangerous excuses.
Economists are aware of the dis
appearance of some of the old, rec
ognizable constituents of hard
times, and they realize the impor-
lance of considering changing con-
ditions in the economy. If we are
living under new set of rules. they
have not yet been ratified by ex-
perience.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
Presidential Concern

In both his State-of the Union
and economic messages to Congress.
President Eisenhower expressed a
fear that infiationary pressures
might be becoming dangerous. He
urged business and labor to CO.
operate in efforts to halt the up
ward spiral.
And last week he added the ex-
clamation point to his earlier state
mentS.
He said at his Wednesday news
conference that If business and
labor do not assume some of the
responsibility for holding the line.
"the United States then has to
move in more firmly with so-called
controls Of some kind, and when we
begin to control prices and alloca-
tons and wages and all. the rest.
then it is not the America we
know"
A chill ran up the collective spine
of the business community. Still
fresh in the minds Of businessmen
were memories of controls during
World War II. and, more recently
the Korean War. In congressional
testimony during the week spokes-
men of both labor and business said
they wanted none OF 1t.
President Eisenhower was not
alone in his anxieties. Previously.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
Credit Believed Firm

Although economists believe now
that current prices do not reflect
recent wage increases, and that.
consequently. further price and
wage raises can be expected later
in the year, they do not feel that
the credit situation has the lngredi-
ents of disaster. The debt load it
is said, is not out Of proportion
with income, though any sudden
economic shock later this year
would be cause for alarm.
The Federal Reserve Board is
not likely 10 show any reluctance
to keep the lid on credit. despite
outcries from business. In the last
two years, the Federal Reserve
Board has frightened its reins on
credit six times. William McChes-
ney Martin. jr.. chairman of the
FRB. seems to attribute much of
our trouble to a failure to pull even
harder on those reins. He said last
week that If he could live the past
two years over again. he would
want to see money even tighter.
Businessmen themselves, most Of
whom are. shrewd observers of the
economic landscape. seem no less
optimistic Of the future than they
have been all during the boom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
The Oil Lift:
Investigations

At President Eisenhower's re-
quest. American oil companies have
Joined in pool" Of suppliers set
UP to alleviate as much as possible
the serious shortage Of fuel In
Western Europe. The blocking OF
the Suez Canal has cut Europe of
almost completely from its major
source Of petroleum. the rich fields
of the Middle East. Under the agree
ment setting up the American COM
bine, antitrust restrictions were
temporarily waived in the face OF
the emergency.
But immediate price increases on
both crude oil and refined products,
applicable to United States users
as well as European purchasers.
were followed by charges that the
"oil lift" was faltering. European
buyers complained they we're being
forced to purchase gasoline which
they did not want, in order to get
crude and heating oil, which they
needed badly.
The Interior Department, respon-
sible for the administration of the
emergency oil-lift, reported last
week that the oil companies we're
falling short Of the 100000 barrels
a-day goal set by the plan. Some
estimates Hreported only about
$50, 900 barrels a day were being
shipped at present.
Meanwhile the Texas Railroad
Commission, which regulates the
production OF the vast Texas fields,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
a FAMILY MATTER
|nter-Union Friction Is AFL-CIO's Big Worry

crews who as regular employees are
eligible for company benefits,
Mr.. Meany proposed an intricate
plan for settling these work assign
ment disputes with arbitration as
the final step. But the building
trades union rejected it. claiming
the proposal ignored past practices
of their industry.
Failing in that effort. the ALL
CLIO chief appointed a 13-man COM
mittee with himself as chairman
to try to find solution. Members
include the more statesmanlike
officers of the feuding building
trades and industrial union groups.
This committee met in Miami and
reported some progress. 1t will as
semble again here in two weeks.
The meeting should determine
whether relations in the AFL-CIO
will be more peaceful or whether
the l4-month-old labor merger is
headed toward breakup.
Aside from being costly to firms
caught in the middle and to workers
who are out OF jobs during strikes,
jurisdictional disputes are harming
AFL-CIO drives to organize nom
union workers. 1t is not uncommon
for workers to vote mo union"
when two unions are struggling for
the right to represent them.
The merged labor movement has
scheduled big campaigns to organ
lie white collar workers and en-
ployes Of the largely non-union
Southern textile industry. Mr..
Meany would like the jurisdictional
lines cleared before millions are
poured into those drives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
Algeria:
u. N. Ponders

All through its struggles with
Algeria's violent nationalism, the
French government has maintained
that. geography Notwithstanding,
Algeria is an integral part of
metropolitan France. j.
Last week. standing firm on that
contention. the government of
Premier Guy Mollet told the
U. N. General Assembly that the
continuing rebellion in this North
African part of France Is purely
domestic matter.
But the Algerians. with the an
nounced backing of most of the
Arab world. persisted in their
determination not to be Frenchmen.
At least 100 lives were lost last
week in clashes between rebel
forces and French troops.
French Foreign Minister Chris
tian Pineau told the U. N. Assembly
on Monday that Algeria was in
cluded in long-range French plans
for the formation of European
African Community. Tunisia and
Morocco would be invited to par
ticipate, he said. AS for the Algerian
rebels, they were only a minority
group being encouraged, armed and
supplied by Egypt and the Soviet
Union.
AS the Assembly debate waxed
hotter. the United States urged that
the U. N. avoid taking any action
on Algeria that might affect adj
versely the security and stability of
the peoples and nations of that part
Of the world Britain and Spain
backed the American stand, warm
ing that Communist penetration
would be inevitable unless France
and the Algerians were allowed to
work out their own difficulties.
But 10 nations Of the Asian
African bloc backed a proposed
resolution calling upon France to
order cease-fire in Algeria, then
to hold free elections.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
ZAP Photo

tried to reassure the SouthernerS
that the bills would not lead to
Federal encroachment of States
rights. But he got nowhere; they
wouldn't be convinced.
The officer in charge of the North
Carolina State Highway Patrol, for
instance. testified that he regarded
the bills as "a frontal attack" on
his States police power, and an
Alabama judge told the commit
tee he would not permit any "un-
lawful interference by Federal
police in my district"
Mr.. Brownell said YEARLY that he
thought "165 years is long enough"
to get differences in Federal-State
relationship ironed out.
The proposals would set up q
Federal body to investigate charges
of civil rights violations; create a
civil rights division in the Justice
Department headed up by an
assistant attorney general: set up
new Federal laws assuring voting
rights, and make the Injunction
power available to the Federal
Government, with the possibility
of civil suits resulting. in cases Of
violations of civil rights.
The same proposals were passed
in the House last year, but died
somewhere in the recesses of the
Senate Judiciary Committee. Once
again, civil rights proponents feel,
the real hurdle is the Senate. but
they believe things are looking UP
for them there this year.
President Eisenhower, meanwhile.
at his news conference reaffrmed
his desire for civil rights legisla-
ton. but said he would not put any
pressure on his party's congress
sional leaders to deliver it by any
given date or according to any
White House specifications.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10

Nh. Newton covered the Miomi Beech meet.
ing Of the AFL-clo executive council
for The Stor.
Meany. while saying he thought he
had the problem pointed toward
settlement, would not predict sue
cess
CONSTRUCTION Is Sore Spot
Inter-union conflict centers
mainly on construction around in
dustrial plants where building
trades unions of the old AFI and
industrial unions Of the CIO have
overlapping jurisdictions.
1t has been fairly we'll established
that when a firm like General
Motors, for example, decides to
build new plant that new con-
struction work will go to the build
ing trades. The project is con-
tracted out and most all contrac-
tors have agreements with building
trades unions.
The conflicts arise over remodel
ing. enlargement and repair of ex-
listing plants. General Motors has
maintenance crews at its plants,
and these men are members of the
United Auto Workers. When a
particular plant is to be remodeled.
should this work be assigned to
the maintenance men or contracted
out to construction firm whose
employees are members Of the build
ing trades?
Most any JAW officer will con-
cede that new construction should
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
|sraeHs Defiant Stand

hover told newsmen that. in his
opinion Israel has q decent
respect for the opinion of mankind,
and believe that she will withdraw
her forces s.. ! wouldn't want to
speculate on future actions of the
United Nations or of this country,
but will certainly say this: We
are committed to the support of the
United Nations"
Which seemed to add up to the
plain conclusion that if the U. N.
voted to apply sanctions against
Israel. the United States would sup
port them. But Mr.. Eisenhower
left unanswered the question as to
whether the American delegation
would take the lead in asking for
sanctions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
The Threat Of Sanctions

The deadlock in negotiations be-
tween Israel and the b. N. NAV
bring the pressure of economic and
political sanctions to bear on the
Jewish state.
U. N. Secretary General Dag
Hammarskjold, with the backing of
an impressive majority of the Cen
eral Assembly. is firm in his de-
mand that Israel, no less than
Britain and France. relinquish the
fruits Of aggression. Withdraw i'm
mediately, says the U. N, and then
the necessary steps to keep the
peace will be taken under U. N.
auspices. (See legal analysis by
Simon Tucker on Page A-28.)
To Israels Arab neighbors. no
punishment for the October inva-
sion of Egypt could be severe
enough. Arab leaders have been
outspoken: Israel must be wiped of
the map. No Arab nation will even
negotiate with Israel; the official
Arab stand is complete nom
1cCOBHlJlOu.
Palestine. the Moslems point out,
was under Mohammedan rule from
AID. 638 until 1917. with the ex-
ception Of the period between 1899
to 1877 when the Crusaders created
the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
The bitterness of the Arabs, con-
WINGED that they have been deprived
OF a centuries-old birthright by the
establishment of Israel, has been
deepened and famed by the plight
Of thousands of Arab refugees, dis
placed from their homes and liveli-
hoods in Palestine and now existing
miserably in ramshackle camps on
the limited bounty of the U. N.
Some solution to the refugee
problem is urgently essential II even
q successful truce is to be achieved
between the Arab states and Israel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
THE WORLD SCENE

Inc formal establishment OF the
State Of Israel in 1948 brought to
reality the dreams of 1873 years.
Since the year 70, when the Roman
army Of Titus destroyed Jerusalem
leaving hardly stone on stone"
there had been no Jewish national
homeland.
But the realization of the long
sought goal of the Zionists was only
an end of beginning. Surrounded
by implacably hostile Arab nations
which understandable resent the
creation of an alien and, to them,
an artificial" state in their midst.
Israel has had to fight without let
up for survival.
Last week little Israel seemed
prepared to defy the United Ma
lions and run the risk of mourning
the condemnation of the world.
Strife, the IsraeliS declared YEARLY,
has been with them long enough.
And unless there are reliable guar
antees that strife will cease, Israel
will not withdraw her armed forces
from the bloody GAIA Strip, nor
from Sharm ell Sheikh at the mouth
of the Gulf Of Aqaba.
The GAIA Strip. a flea bitten.
crowded little rectangle of sand
along the Mediterranean coast, has
been administered by Egypt under
the terms of the armistice agree
ment that interrupted. but failed
to settle, the Arab-Israel war of
1948-49.
Almost constantly, gunf1re and
the roar of exploding mines marked
its border with Israel. Egyptian
"fedayeen" commando raiders
dashed almost regularly at Israeli
military posts. farms. and isolated
settlements. The Israelis retaliated
with raids of their own, and the
bloodletting went on.
When Israel's troops attacked
Egypt last october. the GAIA Strip
was occupied Immediately. Israeli
administration has been set up
there, and major development pro-
grams indicate the Israelis expect
to remain. Roads are being repaired
and rebuilt: new power lines are
bringing electricity to desert towns
that have never known it; huge
conduits are being installed to carry
water for irrigation.
Evacuation, Jerusalem insists
would mean only a renewal of
border raiding. of swift night at
tacks and deadly ambushes. If the
egyptians would agree, Foreign
Minister Walter Eytan said Friday,
70 "a mutual and full abstention
from hostility" Israel would null
her armed forces out of the Strip
But administration and police of
the area must remain Israeli. said
Mr.. Eytan. and United Nations
troops would not be permitted to
enter.
AS for the evacuation of Sharm 81
Sheikh on the Gulf of Aqaba. the
!Sraelis demand iron-clad assurance
that Egypt will not reimpose, the
naval blockade of the Israeli port of
Elath nor impede Israeli shipping in
the free use Of the Suez Canal when
It is cleared Of distractions.
The policymakers in Premier
David Ben-Gurion's government are
unhappy about their role of de.
lance in the face Of world opinion.
outare none the less deternined to
stand their ground. "OurAstand is
1ital to Israel's security" said Mr..
Eytan last week, land there is no
room for further retreat"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
The CPUSA:
Woe Upon Woe

The American Communist Party.
which has had in the past decade
a generous portion of woe. is in
trouble again. Some of its prob
lens are minor. Others are monu-
mental.
The party's newspaper, The Daily
Worker. began planning its annual
ball a few weeks ago. Members of
the arrangements committee went
up to the headquarters of Local
802. American Federation of Musi-
clans, to sign up some union musi-
clans.
Despite the fact that jazz musi-
clans are anything but politically
conscious. no union band was will.
ing to play at the ball. The Com
munists finally had to make do
with a nonunion orchestra with q
repertoire limited to Latin cha
chaS.
The Worker is having financial
worries, too. Last spring it an
nounced modest goal of $4,000,
to be raised by December 81. The
other day it announced sadly that
1t had received only SAG the previ-
GUS day, and still had $6,063.28 to
go. Too many more SAC days will
bring us past the point of no re-
turn" it declared.
But these harassments and others
like them faded into the back
ground when the party opened its
convention i'll New York yesterday.
Its leaders had to cope with the
kind of internal strife that could
bring ruination.
Among Marxists. disagreement is
known as "deviationism," tradi-
tionally mortal party sin. Con
Sioer the expulsion of Earl Browder,
for instance. whose deviation was
so subtle as to defy understanding
in most capitalist minds.)
Today the party is faced by devil
alton of magnitude previously
unknown. And more frightening
to the party stalwarts, the devia-
eAOAAASN AOSo AAOl oIdllu dlOIlc. ne Is
John Gates, editor of the Worker.
who would like to replace The VEN
cradle and Ill old william z. Foster
as national chairman of the party.
Mr.. Gates wants an American
Communist Party with full ideolog-
ical independence from the Soviet
Union. and he was prepared to seek
such a declaration at the conven-
ton. Mr.. Foster. on the other hand,
has remained true to the tortuous
line Of the Kremlin.
The party in the motherland has
expressed a preference for the
trusted Mr.. Foster, and with reason.
Mr. Gates and his writer's on the
Worker have shown in recent
a willingness 10 question,
or even attack. Moscow policies.
They have harshly criticized the
Soviet intervention in Hungary.
and the papers foreign editor,
Joseph Clark. has gone so far as to
accuse Nikita Khrushchev Of being
anti-semitic
Prc-convention tests Of strength
Continued on Page AIS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-10
The u. S. Steps In

A week ago last night, the u. N.
General Assembly approved a reso-
luton, sponsored by the United
States, calling upon Israel to with
draw without further delay" from
the GAIA Strip and the Gulf of
Aqaba. United States sponsorship
impressed the Egyptians; their
spokesman quickly declared that
stern pressure" from Uncle Sam,
including sanctions If necessary,
would bring Israeli compliance.
On Tuesday, Secretary Of State
Dulles seemed to agree with the
Egyptians. He told a press con-
ference that the United States
would give serious Consideration"
TO apply economic sanctions
against Israel If the United Nations
decided they were needed.
The Secretary's words drew i'm
mediate and sharp opposition from
Senate Minority Leader Knowland,
whose decision recently to leave the
Senate at the end of his present
term spanked speculation that he
will be serious contender for the
Republican nomination for Presi-
dent In 1860.
The Californian announced that
he would consider the application
OF sanctions against Israel "im-
moral and insupportable." His
reason: That the Soviet Union had
ignored with impunity" u. N. reso-
buttons calling for withdrawal of
Russian troops from Hungary.
On Wednesday. President Essen.