Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1957-09-28
Southern
Continued from Page One)

newly emanclpated Negro slaves,
until the withdrawal of the troops
in the year 1878 in the famous
Hayes-Tilden deal, is designated by
historians as the Southern Recon-
struction Era.
1t was the Era which saw the Ne
gro in the state and in the rest of
the South in full possession of the
right to vote, which saw the cleo
ton of two Negroes from the State
to the United States Senate, and
two others elected to the House of
Representatives of the United
States, only to have the Negro
completely deprived of the right
to vote, all Negroes, including one
Negro United States Senator, vir-
tually forced to resign public office,
while the Ku Klux Khan, Night
Riders, and other organized white
groups spread terror among the de-
fenseless Negroes following the
withdrawal of the Federal Troops,
until the southern constitutions of
1890 had reduced the Negro to
what has come to be regarded as
second-class citizenship.
What made the Negro of the
South so helpless in the face of
the organized efforts of the Ku
Klux Khan and other organized
White Groups was his total lack
of economic independence, and it
was this condition that forced him
to accept, withot much effort at
resistance, the conditions imposed
upon him following the withdrawal
of the Federal Troops.
Most intelligent Negroes in the
south today readily admit that as
far as concerns his independence,
economically, Of the White people
of the South there has been very
little change in the condition of the
Negro in Mississippi, as in the
rest of the south, since the adop-
ton of the 1890 constitutions.
That the difficulties which con-
fronted the Negro in the south
from 1890 up to the present was
due to the animosities resulting
from the sending of Federal
Troops into the south on behalf of
the Negro is a fact recognized by
all Negro, as well as other students
of Southern History.
1t is in the light of the above
statement that the sending of Fed
eral Troops into the Little Rock
situation is seen as grave new
challenges to responsible southern
Negro leaders. 1t can be easily
seen that animosities between the
two races will develop unduely and
be heightened if the masses of Ne
groes are allowed to become vitu-
perative, vindictive, Dragging, and
boastful in their relations with
White People because of the pres
ence, or possible coming of Federal
Troops.
In his address to the Nation
Tuesday night, intelligent Negro
citizens regarded the remarks of
President Eisenhower on the eff
fects of the Little Rock situation
on the standing and relationship of
the United States with the other
nations of the world as removing
Indignation from the thinking of
southern White people, as a pri-s
mary aim of Negroes, and right
fully placed it in its proper cate
CORY as a pressing demand in the
international relations of the
United States as nation.
In the above view, if Indignation
must come in order to preserve the
future welfare of the nation, many
Negroes may now be seen taking
the view that more White People
in the south should start working
for Indignation, and thereby re-
move some of the ones developed
in the past from the backs Of Sou
thern Negroes growing out Of the
Indignation issue.
Since the President of the United
States has pointed to Indignation
as need in the welfare and pre-
servance of the nation intelligent
Negroes see as the greatest and
immediate need in the south the or
ganization of interracial groups at
the local and state levels in order