davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1957-12-18
Detective Due
To Face Jury

A New York investigator =
questioned last month about
connections with Washington
Attorney John J. Frank--today
failed in an attempt to avoid
appearing before q District
grand jury.
The investigator. Horace w.
Schmahl was called to appear
before the grand jury. which is
investigating the March. 1856.
disappearance of Columbia Uni
versity Professor Jesus De Gal
indez.
District Court Judge Luther
w. Youngdahl refused to quash
q grand jury subpoena served
on M. Scfmahl.
Judge Youngdahl said Mr..
Schmahl didn't have to answer
any incriminating questions
from the grand jury. He also
said the investigator could leave
the grand jury room during the
questioning to confer with his
attorney. Frederick j. Waters.
Stay Sought
The judge allowed a stay of
two hours on the subpoena TO
permit Mr.. Waters TO seek a
To-day stay from the Court Of
Appeals here.
Mr.. Frank had also appeared
before the same grand jury.
He was later indicted and last
week was convicted here Of act
ing illegally as an agent Of the
Dominican Republic and Gen.
eranssimo Rafael Trujillo. Mr..
Franks sentencing is scheduled
for tomorrow.
Testimony in the Frank trial
showed he investigated an
alleged plot against Tru-
jillo's life by DR.. De Calm
dez, a foe of the generalissimo.
Testimony also showed Mr..
Frank, using an alias. made a
phone call from the Office of
Mr.. Schmahl's New York in
vestigating firm.
Mr.. Waters said his client
testified before the grand jury
here last April. answering al
questions. He said an agent Of
the Federal Bureau Of Inves-
tigation also questioned Mr..
Schmahl in September.
Connections PrObed
The agent, he said. asked
about any connections Mr..
Schmahl had with Mr.. Frank
or any knowledge he had of
connections between Mr.. Frank
and Gerald Murphy. Mr.. Muir
ply, an American pilot for the
Dominican airlines. disappeared
last December after Dragging
publicly he knew what hap
pened to DR.. De Galindez.
Mr.. Waters said the FBl
agent also asked II Mr.. Schmahl
had anything TO do with DE
Galindez' disappearance.
The answer to all the ques-
tions was no" Mr.. Waters
said. But he said the FBI then
claimed I'VE can show differ
ently-we are sure Of it,"
This is an indication the
Government now considers Mr.
Schmahl as a possible defend
ant in the De Galindez case,
Mr.. Waters said. He insisted
any further testimony his
client might give to the grand
Jury could lead to possible in
elimination.
Justice Department Attorney
William @. Huntley. arguing
the Governments side Of the
question, said Mr.. Schmahl Is
wanted merely for information
he can supply. not for any In
dictment plans the Govern
ment may have against him.
Evening star., 1957-12-18

the United States. They will
be built In Japan under an on
shore agreement and will be
part Of the 1857 United States
military aid program"
Evening star., 1957-12-18
Novol Guide Sees u. S.
Near Era of Atom Fleet

LONDON Dec. 10 ta1--Janes Fighting Ships said today
the United States with submarines aoat and
atomcpowered aircraft carrier order has advanced
almost past the experimental stage forging Navy based
nuclear propulsion and missile armament.
The Soviet Union with vessels Of conventional design
Evening star., 1957-12-18

ers. q large submarine. nine
minesweepers and many other
warships.
Japan Is 10 receive two large
destroyers Of q new design from
Evening star., 1957-12-18
Whot Are You
Shopping For?

The greatest gift you
can have it to know that
someone cares what hap
pens TO you--that some
one loves you'll
At Christmas time, espe-
cially, we experience ce
Gods love for men as we
receive anew the gift OF
His Son, lying humbly in
a manger. In all the
Evening star., 1957-12-18

OIuICItS, ptUpV are
gathering now and will gather throughout the
year to sing praises to Our Lord and to wonder
at and share in the fellowship OF His marvellous
love. Come and join them!
At the Episcopal Chapel of the GOOD Shepherd
(now meeting at the Northwood High School on
University Blvd W.. between Four Corners and
Wheaton. Md. Sunday services and Church
School are held at $50 am. Special service on
Christmas Eve at pm.
Or call Executive 3-7S7S for the address
OF the Episcopal Church nearest yoa
Episcopal Diocese of Washington
You're Awoys Welcome In An Fpscopoi Church
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Algeria Is Quiet,
g Die in France

PARIS. Dec. 26 R.--Algeria
today reported its quietest
Christmas - i've deaths - since
| the Nationalist rebellion begun
there three years ago. but ter
rorists claimed three more lives
In France.
/ One Algerian was shot TO
death on a suburban Paris
street. Another was stabbed TO
death in a subway station.
A retired French Army cap
tain who served in North Africa
was riddled with bullets in a
Montmartre alley. His assail-
ants escaped.
I Daily attacks occur In France
against Algerian workers. usu-
ally because they refuse to con-
tribute to rebel funds. Some
lAlgerians also have been killed
in rivalry between two rebel
groups.
!. In Algeria itself. one Euro
pean and three Moslems were
killed when a grenade was
tossed into a crowded cafe at
Bone. Three Frenchmen were
wounded in q similar attack at
Costantine.
One Algerian was killed and
four wounded when two mining
villages near Bone we're at
tackled with mortar fire.
( But elsewhere In Algeria
especially in the big cities OF
Algiers and Oran-crow d e d
cafes and restaurants were not
bothered.
Evening star., 1957-12-26

The FIRST men reached the
New World $1,000 years ago
by way OF Alaska instead Of
Just 10000 years ago. new cave
diggings on a California island
have indicated.
The excavations are on
Santa Rosa Island. 45 miles
southwest Of Santa Barbara,
the National Geographic So
ciety disclosed today. The work
is co-sponsored by the Santa
Barbara Museum Of Natural
History and the Western Spell
Biological Institute.
Until a few years ago. SCI
entists believed the ancestors
OF the American Indians
crossed from Asia TO Alaska
about 10000 years ago. New
discoveries and the Develop
ment Of the radioactive car
bon-l4 system Of dating or
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Gather Report
Scored by Reds

MOSCOW. Dec. 2e R.-TaSs
distributed q dispatch from ia
New York correspondent last
night attacking the Gather
Report as "a product Of Amer
ican monopolists interested ir
getting big military orders"
The Soviet news agency ac-
count said Vice President Nixor
and other officials sought tC
publicize the report as a means
OF launching IAN extraordinary
campaign Of military expendi-
lures" II called the hackers oi
the campaign "militarists and
military spectators"
The Gather Report is a
study made for the United
States once of Defense Mo-
bilization and the National
Security Council. H. Rowan
Gather. jr.. former president
OF the Ford Foundation.
headed the study board. The
document has been classified
as secret. but there are re-
ports it portrays the United
States In the gravest danger
in its history and calls for a
big boost in military SPEND
ing through i970)
The Tass dispatch quoted
United States press comment'
in support Of a declaration thai
the United States Government
is split over the report and it
use In spurring public opinion
to support more armaments.
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Mons Stoy in America
Put at $1,000 Years

ganic debris prove that man
inhabited America much ear
iier,
The diggers have found the
bones OF a six-foot dwarf man,
moth on the l7-mile long
island. The evidence is that
Santa Rosa's early residents
barbecued this relative of the
present-day elephant. The
bones have been dated as about
20. $50 years old.
The island once was con-
nected with the California
mainland. according to DR..
Phil c. Orr, director Of the
psychological institute. TIL e
dwarf mammoth developed af-
ter Santa Rosa became an
island. Even today. the crea-
lures on the island are unusual:
there are, for instance dwarf
foxes and huge mice there.
Evening star., 1957-12-26

however. quite greatly from
person to person.
The challenge TO this sensi-
tivity. at its best. Of hitherto
unknown speeds. heights.
depths and complexities Is be-
ing met. so far as possible. by
Once Of Naval Research psy-
biologists. This was revealed
at an exhibit opened here today
at the opening Of the annual
meetings Of the American AS.
sociation for the Advancement
OF Science.
Never Completely Robot
Never. the Navy psychologist
stressed. can there be a COM
pletely robot war. However ef-
ficient mechanical brains. push
button firing systems and the
like. there always must be the
right sort Of man somewhere
in the picture. He may be one
in a thousand. Their job is to
find him.
Especially important. the
Navy PSYCHOLOGISTS stressed. is
the problem Of perception and
orientation in space as man is
being moved faster and farther
from his normal environment
for longer times than ever be-
fore. The problem. as stressed
in the exhibit:
Man must carry some of his
environment with him or have
It replaced by adequate subSti-
tutes. whether 1t means oxygen
and pressures or visual. audi
tory and tactual representa-
tions. Research is under way
to find out what changes in
his environment bring about
Discrimination resulting in abor-
tive or failed missions, Mini
mum cues required for sue
cessful aircraft operation are
being determined.
Limitations May Be Set
Effects Of e. gravity over
extended periods Of time. as is
the case in high-speed air
craft meneuvering at high alti-
tudes are being determined TO
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Top Scientists
Gather for Big
Annual Session
BY ALTON L. BLAKEsLEE

INDIANAPOLIS. Dec. 26 R),
The years biggest science
meeting opens today TO hear
reports ranging from space
travel to microbes.
It Is the annual meeting OF
the American Association for
the Advancement of Science,
the worlds largest organization
Of related scientific organiza-
tions.
Thousands Of scientists are
surrendering Christmas week
holidays to report new findings
and to exchange ideas In
dozens Of fields OF science DUR
ing the five-day conference.
Intellectual Menu
Some main items on this in
tellectual banquet menu:
A research planning for space
flight. and medical problems OF
human pioneers in space.
New ideas on evolution, and
q statistical analysis Of the
problems OF smoking and lung
cancer.
How best to educate children
and stimulate interest in
science.
Some speakers will dip into
mysteries Of the human mind,
its fears and conflicts. chem
istry OF the brain and new
drugs for mental illness. Others
win look into wire tapping and
criminology.
Some will describe resources
OF uranium, the key to future
atomic power: others the social
problems OF expanded city
growth. One symposium will
deal with hazards Of atomic
failout: another the social
problems created by scientific
discoveries.
1000 Reports Slated
Other items include the
march Of ancient glaciers, ex-
plorations in caves. new steps
/ In physics and chemistry, the
mathematics OF guided mis-
siles. the evolution Of ideas
and control over pests and in
! fections.
Altogether the congress will
hear some 1.200 separate re-
ports.
/ Organized in iS4S. the AAAS
operates in sections covering
all major fields Of science.
Evening star., 1957-12-26

insure continued orientation OF
the pilot. Future limitations
on high-speed, high-altitude
aircraft may well be set by
mans ability in this unusual
environment.
ANY malformation Of the
man-machine system is more
costly than ever before. In
creased use Of electronics has
enhanced Importance OF the
trouble shooter. Effects OF
time and distance are becom-
ing major problems. So thresh-
holds of hearing. vision con-
stitutes a major research prob
lem.
Introduction Of Jet engines
and missiles operations has
produced conditions under
which man cannot work with
out a decrease in performance
and development Of hearing
losses. New techniqueS are re-
CURED for measuring hearing
to discover the noise sensitive
person. development Of protec-
tive devices and establishment
lof other communications Sys-
TENS and a technique for cuta-
neous ttouch) communication
where auditory systems are
useless due to noise"
Feasibility of using vibra-
tional patterns on the skin
surface and an adjunct to both
sight and hearing already ha.
been demonstrated. IL was
stressed in the report. Studies
row are concerned with the
comparative sensitivity Of vari-
otiS fJnintS IN the skin slfrfare
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Limitations May Be Set

Effects Of e. gravity over
extended periods Of time. as is
the case in high-Speed air.
craft meneuvering at high alti-
tudes are being determined TO
Evening star., 1957-12-26
Completely Robot War
Impossible, Navy Says
by THOMAS n. HENRY
Science Kdltor Of The star

INDIANAPOLIS. Dec. 26-The machinery Of war threat
ems TO master man.
He prisoner within the walls Of the limitations Of his
aenses-sght hearing. touch and few others Of less
portance They have been conditioned through the
years Of human existence earth They sensvity
Evening star., 1957-12-26
unique type Of surgery by Z
yuaehinpfnn nhvairinn fndav

unique type Of surgery by q
Washington physician today.
DR.. Joseph w. Still. professor
Of physiology at George WASH
ington University. showed asso-
citation members a technique
by which plastic tubes are in
serted directly into the aortas
Of experimental rats. The aorta
is the great arterial trunk
which carries blood from the
heart by various branches to
practically all parts OF the body.
With this method pure blood
samples can be obtained at any
time before they have been
contaminated at any stage Of
the circulation.
The operation apparently
doesn't bother the animals,
After a short time. with the
tubes still in their aortas. they
act just like other rats and
live Just as long. Thus. Or. Still
said. these are known as the
suspected blood changes which
may accompany shock"
Phenomenon Of the War
An important finding. DR.,
Still explained. is that under
certain conditions blood Is
"shunted" almost entirely from
the kidneys with the result that
there is q failure OF urine pro-
duction.
This explains. although there
had been previous speculations
along the same line, a curious
phenomen of the war. Persons
in bombed London house
whose legs we're badly injured
seemed to improve rapidly for
a few weeks until they were
considered back to normal,
Then suddenly they would
sicken and die. The rat expert
ments. Or. Still said, leave little
doubt of the reason.
Some factor associated with
the injury. perhaps Just the
shock. resulted in the kidney
"shunt" with the result that
there was no system for re-
moving impurities from the
body and victims accumulated
water.
One Big DISADVANTAGE
The rat. DR.. Still said. is the
most practical experimental
animal for medicine but in the
past there has been one great
disadvantage. The veins are toe
small TO allow blood sampling
Rat blood could be obtained
only by chopping of the tail
with the resultant shock. or by
killing the animal, In either
case 1t was impossible TO get g
true blood picture for ''deac
blood however quickly 1t Il
taken after death. probably |:
quite different from live
blood" Studies Of circulation In
the intact rat usually required
techniques which killed the
animal.
Evening star., 1957-12-26
DC. Sturgeon Finds
Futul Blood Shunts

"ShuntS" in the blood circu-
lation - probably responsible
for some fatal abnormalities
were demonstrated with q
Evening star., 1957-12-26

CUSTOM TAILORED TRADITIONAL SOFA
TrodionoI SOTO, long heavy doveed norwood ome
superb SphOtsns deep luxurious fOor rubber cushions The eeep.
Ono sofa petued only Of the mony superb pieces
custom mode for Here upholstered furniture finest true
10 ir oditonc herose Of good design ond honesty
workmanship Ffumes constructed Of kiln dried Springs
hond tied vide runse Of exceptional coverings is offered
TcIorins ond detOins exquisite Resuor $5s5 Furniture Fair
lac, Cut Price S149
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Otner earnings reported:
For the Quarter Ended March 81
cHIcAGOLIVESTOcK

CHICAGO, May 3 N lusDA) .--salable
hogs 5000; moderately active steady
70 strong on butchers; instances 10 %
rs higher on weights under $50 h.. early
on shipping account; sows mostly steady;
ali interest In trade and early clearance;
No. l.2 leO-230llb. butchers 1926
1880; few lots l-2 these weights 1850
1855; 81 head No. l lot 210-lb. 1900;
No. 30 24O-26O ID. IL .OO-iS,26; No.
20 260-2s0 ID. 17.7b.lS.Q0; few. 3
2SO-3OO ID. 17,b0.l7.z5; larger lots
1928; few lots 3O0-34O ID. l6.b0-18.7b.
Salable cattle 500; calves 100 steady
trade on small supply; g, e loads s. prime rhine
and choice steers lO.50-23. 80; load. Of
choice g17-lb. heifers % 90; few lots
good and choice l0.0O-22 so; utility
and commercial cows ~ .00-15 O0i cam
ners and cutters l0.bO-t3.bO; CONNER
cial bulls up TO $780,. GOOD and choice
veaiers ~, OO-25. 00 culls down TO 1000;
few small lots good TO low choice stocker
steers 10 .OO-2O.b0; small lot good and
choice 6O0-lb. heller calves.
ealable sheep 800: slaughter lambs
fully steady. SLAUGHTER ewes steady TO
strong; 450 head p6-lb. good TO choice
shorn lambs with No. l 70 small shorn
pelts % 80; double deck mixed l-2 skins
O6.lb. good and choice lambs 1880;
few cult 70 choice wooded slaughter
ewes 4.OO-6.5 so; few Gull 70 good shorn
slaughter ewes 100000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Stock Market
Cracks Through
High Of 1857

NEW YORK, May 3 (B.-The
stock market cracked through It's
1857 high on average in active
trading early this afternoon.
Rails. helped by a favorable
decision Of the Interstate Com
Imerce Commission, paced the
advance.
Oils. which have led the rise
|of the past two days, slipped on
|profit-taking. Industrials as q
whole were barely ahead.
The penetration of the previous
high marked the passing of q
formidable technical barrier,
market analysts said.
Eastern railroads came to life
and went ahead on news that
the ICC had approved an in
crease Of about is per cent in
their first-class passenger fares.
For key stocks as a whole, the
advances ranged from fractions
to around a point. Motors were
unchanged to lower. Steels were
mixed. Gains and losses APP
|peared among chemicals and
|nonferrous metals.
The Associated Press average
of so stocks at noon was up 40
cents to $l82.20. passing the
years high of $l82 reached
January 4. The industrial COM
ponent was up 10 cents. the rails
up 81 and the utilities up 20
cents.
Corporate bonds were slightly
higher in quiet trading.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Summer Gurb
Buying Aids.
RetuiI Sules

NEW YORK. May 8 R.-
Thoughts of summer were up
permost in retail shoppers minds
this week, according to Dun g.
.Bradstreet.
Women splurged on cotton
dresses, sportswear and lingerie.
Men also showed keen interest
in warm-weather apparel. with
sports shirts. sports jackets and
lightweight suits in strong de-
Imand.
The upsurge in buying OF
mems and women's summer
buds lifted the Nations total
retail trade moderately above
that of a year ago. Dun s. Brad
street said. even as The usual
post Easter dip in clothing sales
continued.
Women responded enthusiasts
tically to postmaster clearance
sales of fashion accessories and
hats.
The postmaster rise in house
hold goods occurred pretty
much on schedule. but sales were
mot quite as large as a year ago
Buying Of furniture. major APP
lpliances and housewares were
slightly lower. !.
Total dollar volume Of retail
trade around the country ranged
from 2 to Q per cent higher thar
q year ago for the week ended
MAY 1.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
NEW YORK COTTON

NEW YORK. May 3 "a lack Of
fires incentives and tendency to await
Developments on the farm prosram cur
tailed activity IN cotton futures durine
the forenoon today: Price ehanges We're
By trade buying and local COVERING.
There were three May transferable
notices issued ct New York today which
were reported stopped By a LEADING spot
s1sn M Iss q r ~; ss alse Ssss Of old
lower 70 no cents HIGHER than the pre-
ylflls cloee. Nay $3.50. July 3aeO and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Our Food Dollar

In the last 10 years. the prices
you and I must pay for food at
the retail store have gone up 16
per cent.
At the same time, the prices
received by our farmers have
gone down IA per cent.
Retail prices of cereals and
bakery products have jumped "a
per cent and the retail cost OF
all ingredients used in bakery
products in typical city work.
Ier's market basket" has climbed
81 per cent.
At the same time, the farm
price of wheat has declined Z
Iper cent and the farm value of
all ingredients used in bakery
products in that typical market
basket has slumped 16 per cent.
Since 1947. the average city
family has increased its spending
on food by $500.
OF this total, only $45 is going
to farmerS-even though farm
ers are supplying US with many
more Of the relatively expensive
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
TRADE
WINDS
BY LOU SCHNEIDER

A congressional committee vii
soon start hearings on retail foot
costs. and is ready to prove thai
while the food industry increased
prices, farm income went down
The newly created consumer
study subcommittee of the House
Agriculture Committee drafted 9
report showing that retail fooc
prices gained Is per cent in the
past 10 years while prices re-
ceived by farmers for the same
items dropped II per cent.
The congressional investigator
will show that the annual food
costs Of the average city family
rose from $1,000 in l947 IL
81 500 in 1866 so per cent in
crease. OF the $500 rise. farmers
received $45. or only 9 per cent,
but food professors. handlers. re-
tailers and other marketing
agencies got $500 or 80 per cent
The remaining SIS went Tor fish
and imported foods.
But the report viii not show
an evaluation Of the factors that
increased retail costs. Robert H
Bingham, economist vice presi-
dent Of the Grocery Manufac-
turers Of America. has an answer
accounting for the price spread
between farm and consumer
prices.
Mr.. Bingham says the higher
price for the family market bas-
ket is due to the higher cost Of
wages. taxes and transportation;
that the wage and tax cost in
creases are largely responsible
for the transportation cost ad-
vance. And that in the past 10
years the rate of net profit for
food manufacturers and distrib-
utors has declined.
Paul s. Willis. president Of the
Grocery Manufacturers o.
America, says Americans are
spending roughly the same per.
centage Of their incomes on fooc
as they did 10 years ago. "But
the per cent Of their income
taken by taxes has been steadily
climbing. The price Of foods Il
affected by taxes. Out Of every
IS family spends for groceries
81 pays for the groceries. 81 pays
for hidden taxes"
This is the time Of the year fol
a seasonal lift In auto retail sales
volume. For the FIRST three
months manufacturer sales rar
slightly below the l,425,000 Of
last years like period. But dealer
inventories have increased. Fol
that reason auto makers reduced
their scheduled output for the
April May-June quarter. Reason
for the output cut: To avoid q
dealer inventory pileup like thai
Of last year.
Consolidated News FeatureI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
FOREIGN EXCHANGE

NEW YORK. May H--Fnreirn e.
|esh nsnnse rates follow tpfeat Britain d
cenadien dollar In New York oper
TSrket;, !t7I32 per cent premium o.
~" S, gsM y. 9 cents, e i.32 Of : cent
HAL, n iSis sS q, Ia, i.as Of = cent; oTsei
2;7s 2573e. 20 4 q d cent: oreSs V. Rris.
an !. ID, so-Say futures. 2 rs iaLs5, Oh i n
loI cent; France lfrane). .2RE Of 4
|e sen. unchanged; Germany fwesternl
and (RuilHer)- 26.i7, unchanaeS: feSi,
slira,. lag Of = cent unclaimed: Por..
IkronsD. 1874. unchsnSes: sH,tssr iIcee
tiranel 0ree). 1884. uuehansed; Den
marx krone). 1850. UNCHANGED.
Latin America: Argentina ffree,. z. 40
20 .0e Of . cent; BFssii ffreej. / so. I'M.
e eEi, Mexico. s,0l, unehanked; ven-
Far East; Hong Kone dollar. 1890,