davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

Jackie Robinson. whose unex-
pected decision TO quit baseball
has stirred up a controversy.
today hotly defended himself
against the charge made by many
sports writers that he was ~un-
sppreciative- Of what the game
has done for him.
Nothing is further from the
truth. the ex-Dodger star de-
clsfed.
Baseball has been swfully
good TO me-. he said. adding that
he is particularly grateful for
the opportunities IL has given
him to work for his race.
In the copyrighted article in
the current issue Of Look maya
zine which announces his deci-
sion. Jackie writes Because of
baseball. I was able to speak out
en- behalf Of Negro Americans
before the House Un-American
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Local Minister
Gets Harlem
Appointment

Mrs. Alberta T. Kline. diree-
tor Of the Harlem unit. New
York City mission society. has
announced the appointment Of the
Reverend Earl b. Moore an Coz
ofdinator Of activities for the So
ciety's new center. the Minisink
community center. SCI West l55th
street, New York City.
Mr., Moore is formerly Of Little
Rock. He Is the son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Luther r. Moore. i7o6
Cross street. and a graduate Of
Arkansns Baptist college and Viz
ginia union university where he
received his bachelor of divinity
degree in June 1856. He was or
dained a Baptist minister Decem-
Der 26th in the Mt Zion Baptist
church.
Mrs. Kline said that Reverend
Moore viii begin work At the
new center Immediately. The
community center will be open
for activities for the first time
on Monday afternoon. The formal
dedication win take place Friday
evening. February 18th at the
cen.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Jackie Robinson's
Boss Gives $4,000
To Legal Defense

A $4,000 contribution was pre-
sented this week to the NAACP
Legal Defense and Educational
Fund. Inc. by Jackie Robinson In
behalf Of William Black. prea-
dent Of the chock Full o. Nuts
Coffee cc1pany and restaurant
chain. II 8donation Il to aid the
organization In liz legal work
In the field Of civil rights
The company recently signed
the former Brooklyn podgerS
baseball star 10 . tive year 90.
900 contract Is vice president In
charge Of IL large personnel
jackie presented the check 10
officers Of Legal Defense Fund 1t
. press conference held 1T the
Roosevelt hotel In New York
City.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

denied q petition for q rehearing.
The case was taken 10 the u. s
Supreme Court on Nov. y. 1855.
In the argument TO the U. s.
Supreme Court three basic ques-
tons were raised by the sttor-
neys for Fixes: the admission Of
the confessions: the refusal O. tn
trial court iudge % let the con
yie.esd man testify as 10 how the
confessions were obtained: and
that Negroes were systematically
excluded from the Jury.
Chief Justice Earl Warren. who
wrote The majority opinion which
Gee REvE1SEe-pass ten
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Robinson is Grateful to Baseball for
Enabling Him TO Work for His Race

Activities Committeeman rebuke
Paul Robson for saying most Of
us Negroes would not fight for
our country in a war against
Russia
To-day. I'm happier than I've
ever been Robinson continues
in his Lock article.
~On March 4 I viii so to
work for the chock Full oNuts
restaurant chain as vice-president
in charge Of personnel.
I'll be able to spend more
time with my family too the re-
tired athlete concludes
Ny kids and I win set TO
know each other better. Jackie
and Sharon and David viii have
a real father they can play with
and talk to u the evening and
every weekend. They won't have
70 look for him on w.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Police Action
Against Riders
OF Bus Protested

MIAMI-The Miami NAACP
branch plans TO mobilize commu-
nity-wide public opinion TO pro
test the action taken by police
on Jan. 10 in ejecting two teen
age Negro youths from a bus be
cause Of their refusal to sit In
'ths rear OF the vehicle. II was
announced by Father Theodore
Gibson. branch president
The boys. Joseph Sands. II, and
Vernon Clark. IS. were told by
police summoned 10 the scene to
move to the rear Of the bus or
See PoL1CE-page four
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

stiil exists h The public kousing
projects e many communitin4
and that the greatest amount e
his time during 1883 wss devot-
ed to eountersetins hias ia pro
grams Of urban renewal. dun
clearance and urban redevelop-
ment
Evideneins = positive policy ~
wards neishborhood intesrstion.
be noted that local NAAcP units
are being asked 10 -kimulats IN
terest' by hoth Negro and white
families In keeping areas newly
opened To Negroes from becoming
aIl-Nero II all white families
move out Of . neishborhood when
one or two Negro families move
In. other Negro families who con-
sistently have been deprived q
the chance 70 secure deeent hous-
ing usually rent or buy al dwell
lsgs In The area upon lsoEnine
Of availability Of naeh houslng.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Assignment Plan
Unconstitutional

folk. This was TIE first test q
III states recently sAaetsd lssis
iation TO preserve segr~gated
schools
The Judge declared that the
legislation as enacted by the
specially summoned general as
sembly by the governor Of vir-
ginia as directly opposed to
the Supreme Court ruling and
thereby unconstitutional He fur
ther.nore pointed out that AL
See VA. PLAN-page four
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

ton when one Of their colleagues.
DR.. Frank c. J. McGurk. associate
professor of psychology at villa
nova University. stated fatty that
as measured by psychological tex
performance Negroes a. . group
do not possess a. much capacity
for education a. do white people.
The villanova psychologist. who
once taught at West Point Aid
his views were based on tests
administered during World War
I and since.
McCurk also said. there Il
ample evidence that there are
psychological differences between
whites and Negroes These diff
ferenees are not the result Of diff
ferences In social and economic
opportunities and they win not
disappear as the social and eco
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
nero in Housing Hit by Naacp
New Public Housing in
Al|-Negro Area Opposed

A -nsw stspr n NAAcp anti
discrimination work IN housins
during 1858 was described BY the
Associations housing expert ss
that Of opposing the continued
expansion Of public housing PEE
iects In -already-existins Negro
areas"
Madison s. Jones. HAACP
special assistant for housing. re-
ported at the Associations annu-
al meeting In january that the
purpose of such oppression was
TO assure the selection Of proper
sites for future housing. which
would lend themselves to real in
tefration-
He said racial discrimination
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Hi Court v0ids
Death Sentences of
Alabama Negroes

The death sentence Of Alabama Negro set aside
Monday by the u s. Supreme Court in to decision which
reversed conviction upheld by the Alabama supreme court
The judgment and sentence reversed the grounds
confessions convict the doomed OBJ
tanned through methods which violated The due clause
the federal AS the confessions substantial
the only evidence which the state had against hint IL seems
unlikely hat he can successfully prosecuted the
crime again
The condemned man. William Earl Fixes. 20. and ma
Marion. Ala. convicted and sentenced to death In
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
.Sociologis'ts! Called
White Supremacy Bunk

According article released Saturday by te Assocat-
ed Press by-ned by BEN Price, Of the nations tup
socoogists that white supremacy chershed high
y by southeners lot Of racial bunk. with no founoa
They believe racial prejudice Is something leamsd ~
ngrained In mans nature.
They don't believe desesregaon win contribute TO mon
grezation of the They suspect segregation has
They don't believe anyone prove conclusvely that No
groes a group less intelligent than whites
Social psychologists joined the public debate over segsa
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Memphis Jubl|ect
Set for March n
Ellis AudlioIilm

MEMPHIS-Ths Memphis Coe-
ton Makers Jubilee presents ~
annual -Juhilect- u xl1ls au6h1D-
rum On Friday. March Z. = .
p. m recording - a ennsuno~
ment from Ma Bthel vsannn.
director.
The theme a ~ ahov -
year b King oot1ea JsmUs
Sharp. The pro1l61or. - intni-
table A. c. Williams w11h =
strong supportnno enmmit>ee
promise the greaessa extFsvaennza
In al yubilect hlgoosy. n tAsme
Bee yUnuxcr-UGe -
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

nomic opportunities Of Negroes
and whites are eQualised--
Further. McGurk maintained.
sss far a psychological tsst pr
Torrance Is . measure Of g.
pacity for educstinn. Nsgross -
. group do not pomeB - much
Of Il q whites = . sroup.-
To this 10 social scisnfiseA
most Of them members Of ~
American Psychological Assoeia-
ton. aid In essence. -nufA"
In . formal statement the 10
subscribed to the belief hat
The available scientific evi-
denee indicates that much. PR
haps all. Of the observable Of
ferences among various racial
and national groups may be Ak
planned In terms Of envircmen-
See BUNK-page four
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
Bus Fare Increase
Effective Feb. 1st

The city council voted Mon
day mite. to grant the Citizens
Coach company a temporary
2-cent increase In adult bus
fares. effective February !.
The action raises the fare for
adults from 10 cents to Is. or
seven bus tokens for 81. The
increase will be In effect until
h.,uttr+
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25
BTW CentenniaI.s
Mobile Unit at
ke's INAUGURAL

COOKER WASHINGTON BIRTH
PLACE. va-visitors TO the ma
tons capital during the inaugu-
ration OF President Eisenhower
and Vice President Nixon had a
chance TO see and hear the
Booker 7. Washington Centennial
SEE MOBILE CNTr-page fot~
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

NORFOLK va.-vlrsinia's pu-
pill placement plan : which was
designed to bypass intesrssins
schools has been declared un-
constitutional by Federal District
Judge Walter A. Hoffman In Nor
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

MSS HoRAcE MANN HIGH scHool tssAsz-The queenly
daughter Of Mr and Ms Sterling LaMoyne 81 $3.50 Howard
still rgns At Horace Mann high school y
Crowned queen Of the Homecoming game November 1856
Venta Rose the lady student activities. She
member Of the Tanees club member Of Sheriffetts and
s first known to the eenage set Miss Junior FASH
ionetta
Venita Rose many interests president a the
World History classes of her honeroom and
senior Horace high school She is planning
roll at AMIN college In September
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1957-01-25

The Ladies Auxiliary Of the
Letter Carriers Association.
Branch ISL. is opening the new
year with the election Of a new
president Mrs Maude Hampton.
Other officers Of the organiza-
ton are: vicc-president Mrs. He
len Jefferies; secretary. Mrs. WV
ian Blakely; notwithstanding,
Mrs. Nichola Hawkins: financial
secretary. Mrs. Alice Lewis; treas
urer. Mrs Lorraine Jordan: chap
lain Mrs. Lois Robinson: color
bearer. Mrs. Marilyn Gee: report
er. Mra Robert Jones. Mrs. Jes-
Sc Henderson is the outgoing
president.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
Bonn Offers Syriu
Economic Accord

DAMASCUS, Syria, Nov. IA
,P.-West Germany has offered
Syria broad commercial, finan-
cial and technical cooperation
in the first challenge by a
Western nation to Soviet eco
nomic penetration here.
A government-supported DEL
egation of West German busi-
nessmen made the proposal
yesterday at meetings with
President Shukri al-Kuwatly.
Premier Sabri Assali and other
Syrian officials. DR.. Guenther
Schlicht, president of the board
of directors of the Deutscher
Laender Bank and head of the
delegation announced the offer.
DR.. Schlicht told reporters
the Bonn government author
lied him to extend new assur-
ance to Syria that West Ger
many would not establish dip
lomatic relations with Israel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
POTOMAC FEVER
;HETCHER KNEBEL

Rocket Scientist Fred Singer proposes that the United
States launch Christmas satellite 1t will be called of
course, Saint Mix
Ike delivers his second chins up" speech Democrats
applaud They say you tilt your chin up enough
later you'll crck in your neck from watch
ing Sputrik
Republican cry Confidence is half the battle. The
other half is finding something to be confident about"
Adlai Stevenson will consult with the Eisenhower team
defense policies This will be known summit meet
ing of second-class powers
The Senate Racket Committees footnote Republican
prosperity: Underworld used to kill each other to get
control of liquor Now they kill to control of the garbage
New rocket glossary Digita computer-A fat man who
can't his toes and has to his fingers twice to count
up to twenty.
Gen. LeMay pilots jet tanker record South Ameri
roundtrip flight Air Force I'VE greet this flight
with cheers and whistles. 1t got there safe Army
m
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Conference on NucIeor WEAPONS

but that his experience in
the Pugwash meeting con-
WINGED him that men of sci
ence. who are concerned with
precise facts rather than po-
litical ideologies. understand
each other thoroughly, and
that the Russian scientists,
no less than the Western.
want to do their part toward
cooling the passions of states
men.
This opportunity must not
be lost. before we enter the
next stage of the disastrous
armament race for the inter-
continental guided atomic
missile. The scientists who so
notably contributed to the
frightful prospect of an inter-
national thermonuclear war
of mutual humiliation must
stand together to stop it and
to stop preparing for it.
If the United States does
not encourage the meeting.
some other allied country
certainly will and we shall
again find ourselves isolated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14

edge to create an atomic
weapon. He failed. But there
is reason to believe that the
Germans did not get the
weapon because of a quiet
hold-back by the German
scientists.
Commenting last spring we
urged the United States Gov
eminent to respond imme-
diately and affirmatively to
Professor Hahn's suggestion.
They did not do so and
neither did the Russians, who
publicly brushed it off.
But now a direct overture
has been made by the leading
Soviet scientists - Nesmej-
anob. Semenov. Bardin. Top
chiev. Kapitza and Skobeltzn
Ito the editor of the Ameri-
can Bulletin if the Atomic
ScientiSts-Mr. Rabinowitch
together with a formal res
olution by the presidium Of
the Soviet AGA denny OF
Sciences requesting Just such
a conference as Prof. Hahn
recommended last July.
This request comes at a
moment when Russia APP
parently is out in front in
the race for guided missiles
designed to carry an atomic
warhead. The Russians are
not, therefore, leading from
weakness. And this time the
United States Government
should urge the meeting,
which it once, and before
Prof. Hahn's appeal, actually
proposed. For, If we sabotage
the idea, the peoples of the
world are unlikely to tor
give it.
Immediate response was
urged by Cyrus S. Eaton. the
great industrialist. who actu-
ally managed such a meeting
on a small scale at his private
estate. Pugwash. in Nova
Scotia last summer. with the
consent Of the State Depart
ment. Writing in the New
York Herald Tribune. he ex-
presses the belief that a
bridge to Russia is unlikely
to be built by the politicians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
AVID LaWRENIE
Trun1on's Statement on Missiles

The whole problem of mis-
sile development is not one
that can really be placed in
the hands of any one man
except the President. who has
the final responsibility. There
are many factors and many
aspects that require the adj
vice of both scientists and
military men. While there,
have been criticisms from
some in each group for not
developing the satellite ahead
of the Russians, there is mo
evidence that America has
suffered any defeat on the,
military front or in the de-
velopment of missiles as a
weapon of war.
Mr.. Truman in his speeches,
lately has been banging away,
at the Eisenhower admins
tration on the Little Rock
controversy. He criticizes Gov.
Faubus of Arkansas for hav-
ing, as he says. failed to up
hold the Constitution but fails
to recall that he, himself,
seized the whole steel in
dustry of America without
legal authority. The Supreme
Court of the United States
said so in its opinion in June,
1852, reversing the seizure
order, declaring the action of
Mr.. Truman had no justifica-
ton under the Constitution.
Now the former President
says the Little Rock affair
could have been banded by
Mr.. Eisenhower without call
ing on the Army for help
Yet the officials under Mr..
Truman did RELY ingthe steel
case in 1852 on precisely the
same arguments employed by
the Department of Justice a
few weeks ago in defending
the dispatch of Federal troops
to Arkansas. Strange what a
passion for partisan politics
does to a former Presidents
recollection of history in just
five years.
Reproduction Rights ReServed)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
Democrats and Stevenson's Role

the iron realities of politics as
they do, the Democrats re-
frain from demanding Mr..
Dulles head on a platter.
They suspect they would get
more of same, only not SO
able. What really makes
them unhappy is the knowl-
edge that Mr.. Dulles is widely
unpopular abroad. though not
so unpopular as Chairman
Lewis Strauss of the Atomic
Energy Commission.
1t is much more probable
that Mr.. Strauss head on a
platter will prove to be the
price of Democratic cooper
alton than that of Mr.. Dulles.
Mr.. Strauss is the leading
exponent of United States
secrecy in military-atomic
matters.
1t is now said that Vice
President Nixon has accepted
the assignment of getting
G. o. P. support for foreign
aid and expansion of the
NATO alliance. This is a
gamble for the Vice Presi-
dent.
The Old Guard. which orig
inally claimed him for its
own. has disapproved his
Irritation with Modern Re-
publicanism and has largely
turned to Senate Leader
Knowland for guidance on
policy. Democrats would not
follow Mr.. Nixon across the
street.
While it is important for
Mr.. Nixon to establish his
international stature, it will
not help him to attempt a
leadership which proves a
failure. Yet it is from his
friends that word of his new
role comes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
U. S. Urged to Support World Meeting
OF Scientists to Seek Control of Arms

Last April, Prof. Otto Hahn.
president of the Max Planck
Association for the Advance
meM Of Science. and II
other leading West German
physicists announced that
they would not participate
in any way in the plan to
provide the West German
army with atomic weapons,
nor aid in their production,
testing or use. and urged
that the Federal Government
expressly and freely" re-
nounce the possession Of
every kind of atomic weapon,
tactical and strategic.
The Federal Government
replied that foreign policy
was not a matter Of physical
science; that Bonn was also
DESTROYS of seeing the aboli-
ton of atomic weapons I'M
der international control, and
that the physicists should adj
dress themselves to their in
ternational colleagues.
This Prof. Hahn soon did.
In July he delivered a speech
in Lubbock. calling for a con-
ference of physicists, genet
icistS. biologists and other
scientists from all countries.
including the Soviet Union.
not to issue a manifesto but
to discuss and devise effec-
tive means of international
control.
Prof. Hahn (as we re-
marked at the time) is the
real father Of the atom bomb.
He and two associates
achieved the fission Of ura-
MUM at the end OF 1888 and
published their findings early
in 1899. For this, Prof.
Hahn was awarded the Nobel
prize.
Prof. Hahn never wished
the atom to be used for
the war already imminent.
He instigated overtures to
scientists in other Western
European countries - all Of
whom knew each other--in
the hope Of securing a secret
agreement among them not
TO use their scientific knowl-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14
UnpredictobiIity Of Red Leader Spurs
Military Precautions by United States
BROWN

the Nuremberg stadium for
his political outbursts.
Khrushchev is using the
Lenin tomb and the salons
of the various embassies in
Moscow.
We could gauge the actions
of Stain: Every time we OPP
posed him firmly in such ac-
tons as his demand that
Turkey share with Russia the
control of the straits; in his
attempts to take over Iran:
in the Berlin blockade and
in the Korean War. Stain
managed to withdraw more
or less gracefully. Khru-
shchev. particularly since he
succeeded in dispoSing of the
powerful Marshal Zhukov,
has become unpredictable.
For the time being, he has
no opposition.
The wishful thinkers, es-
pecially in this country.
who talk about the "discon-
tent of the masses" in the
Soviet Union refuse to face
realities. Throughout the
long history of Russia the
rank and file Of the people
have accepted without mur-
muir the domination of those
at the top. 1t is true that
during the regime of the
Cars there were groups
among the intelligentsia who
wanted more freedom and ex-
pressed their desire by muir
dering emperors or grand
dukes or some of the top
men in the government, par
ticularly the police brass.
Under the Bolshevik regime.
all the numbering is done
mostly legally-by the top
leaders themselves. In this
manner they secure their
own position for a while.
But to pin our hopes for
a change in the present
trends in the USSR's policies
on the masses of the intelli-
gentsia is to fool ourselves
into a dangerous situation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-14

The dramatic military pre-
cautions taken during the
last six weeks by the United
States across the Atlantic
and the Pacific are due. not
to any "de facto" deteriora-
ton of the international sit
uation. but to the PERSONAL
ity of the Soviet Unions
present unchallenged boss.
Nikita Khrushchev.
Responsible observers in
the administration are more
worried over Khrushchev
than they were over Stain.
The late dictator. they say,
was shrewd and calculating.
He hated the free world
system Of government as
much as his present success
sor. But he was a stark
realist who would take no
chances. At no time did he
allow himself to underesti-
mate the retaliatory power Of
America and some of her
allies.
This does not apply to the
unbalanced, power drunk
and frequently irresponsible
Khrushchev. He is credited
with believing that because
the Soviet scientists have
stolen the march from us in
launching the two Sputniks,
the Soviet Union is by way of
becoming the master of the
world. The Soviet dictator is
flattered by being compared
with some of the leaders of
the French Revolution of
1889. A more accurate paral-
lei would be to liken him to
Adolf Hitler. He has adopted
the late Nazi leaders STRAIT
egg of treating the free world
with hot and cold political
showers. One day he threat
ems our destruction if we
continue to oppose his poll
cies. The next day he will
exude sweetness. light and
coexistence between the two
social systems" Hitler used