davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-09-19
Carlisle --
Homemakers Club
Enjoys Quilting

A meeting of the Carlisle
Homemakers club was held
Thursday, Sept. IL at the home
of Mrs. Bernetta Schehl. Quilting
was the project for the day. A
delicious lunch was served at
noon. Contests were enjoyed
during the afternoon with Anna
Miracle and Marcella Warner
winning the club prize.
Members present were Thar
celia Larrick, Gertrude Kuhn,
Blanche Smith, Ila Carpenter,
Ida Dimmerling, Ruby Leasure,
Agatha Lou Hannahs, Anna Mir
acle, Marcella Warner and Ber-
Meta Schehl. Children present
were Gary Hannahs, Janet, jan
enc and Jane Carpenter.
Next meeting will be held at
the home of Mrs. Ruby Leasure
on Oct. 3.
Personals
Mr.. and Mrs. Bert Miracle at
tended the family reunion of
Mrs. Theresa Thompson and the
late John Thompson, Sunday,
Sept. Is, at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Leland Feldner.
Mrs. Matilda Schehl visited
with relatives at Caldwell, Mon
day and Tuesday.
Mrs. Gertrude Kuhn spent g
few days visiting friends al
Cincinnati.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hark Pryor, ot
GAINESVILLE, spent the weekend
with Mr.. and Mrs. Bert Miracle
Mr.. and Mrs. Bill Houston
spent few days with Mr.. anc
Mrs. H. F. Thompson,
Mrs. Mollie Hazelrig Of Viii
Jamestown, w. Va, Mrs. Pear
Masters, of Pennsboro, w. Va,
and Mrs. Marie Conley of Sisters
vile, w. Va, visited here Sun
| day with friends.
Miss Judy Cantor, of Akron
is spending this winter with he
sister, Mrs. Geraldine Smith alst
attending Summerfield higl
| school.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-09-19
Stafford

STAFFORD = Linda Sue Frei-
tag, of Woodsfield route, spent
the weekend with her grandpar-
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Nc
Connell.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ellis Miracle and
Mr.. and Mrs. Bernard Robinson
and son, all of GAINESVILLE, visited
relatives here on Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Franklin Hanson
spent Monday with Mr.. and Mrs.
F. E. McVay.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tommy Holland
and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs. Sam
Holland and daughter, Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl Wammas of Fremont,
spent the weekend with their
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. R. T. Hol-
land.
Rev. and Mrs. James Gardner
and son, of East Liverpool, have
returned home after a few days
with relatives here.
Mrs. Martha Hughes called on
friends at Woodsfield Wednesday
afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ivan Winland and
daughter called on Mr.. and Mrs,
Indy Stevens one evening last
week.
Donald Hartshorn, of the u
S. Army, now stationed at Fort
Knox, KY, spent furlough with
his wife and baby, and Mr.. and
Mrs. Chauncey Hartshorn anc
family.
Clyde Hughes, Tib Ullman
Mrs. Carolyn Camden, Martha
Steed, Mr.. and Mrs. Gilberr
Blair and VIM. Mallett were IL
Woodsfield one day last week.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-09-19
Sarahsville

Mr.. and Mrs. William Everly,
of Archer's Ridge, were recent
visitors of Mrs. Redmond Arch
er.
Mrs. Grant Shafer was ad
mitted to st. Francis hospital
for observation and treatment on
Sept. II.
Mrs. Daisy Butler spent Sun
day with Mr.. and Mrs. NorVal
Carter.
Mrs. Ralph Hicks was removed
to her home from the Guernsey
Memorial hospital after being a
surgical patient. Her condition is
improving.
Mrs. Betty Deher and children
of Canton, spent Sunday with
Mr.. Grant Shafer.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1957-09-19

The originator of who's Who
in America" Albert N. Marquis,
was born in Brown County, Ohio
in 1854.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

ing at the st. John A.M.E.
Church, Norfolk. The public
is cordially invited to share
in this entire program and is
welcome at all times.
Announcement
Last call for all who plan
to participate in the $50
Voice Ensemble which will
present the Original Modern
Creative Sacred Music of the
Rev. M. Arthur Camper.
(probably the early part of
October at the American
Legion A uditorium). All
members of all choirs, junior,
senior and gospel; all school
cholrs or choruses, all per-
sons w no enjoy singing
whether you sing on a choir
or not) all persons who are
interested and would like to
participate, please meet at
the Ebenezer A.M.E. Church,
corner of Jefferson and Wells,
n. W., this Thursday, Sep
TENDER 9Th at 8 pm. CAL
though this ensemble had
been practising veery Monday
night durin gthe month of
August, please note the
change in date for this week
and the neXt).
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
MYERS FAMILY
WELL PROTECTED

Levittown, Pa, Aug. 10
The Bucks County branch and
an NAACP field secretary
expressed confidence here to-
day that law enforcement of
ficials recognize their respon-
sibilities and have established
adequate measures to protect
the Myers family, whose
home was stoned on August
13 after they recently became
the first Negro family to
move into the community.
Field Secretary Calvin D.
Banks reported by telephone
to the NAACP national office
that the better thinking ele-
ment in the community are
anxious that this matter be
settled as amicably as pos
sible." Mr.. Banks and Joseph
Bohlen of the Bucks County
NAACP met with group of
Continued to page four)
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
Booker t. Washington
Birthplace Shrine

was not brought out in your
editorial, l am prompted to
express gratitude to him for
the job he did in making the
present generation of Ameri-
cans conscious of my fathers
contribution to our national
welfare.
For more than twelve years
the Booker T. Washington
Birthplace Memorial sent out
millions of pieces of literature
in a national program having
the objective "to perpetuate
the ideals and teachings of
Book er T. Washington"
Booker T. Washington speak
ers from rostrums over the
nation sought to point out to
leaders of every race and
creed the value of applying
Book er T. Washington's
teachings to today's prob
lems-particularily to race
relationship as stressed in
your editorial.
1t was this same program
of Mr.. Phillips that persuad-
ed the Congress to enact leg
islation which made possible
the coinage of the Booker T..
Washington and Carver
Washington half d dollars.
These coins served as messen-
gers of goodwill that aroused
American interest in my
fathers birthplace. SO also
did the issuance of the Booker
T. Washington Centennial
Stamp, the year-long good
will Building Program con-
Quoted by the Booker T.
Washington Centennial Com
mission, and many other ma
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
dieter to The Roanoke
Times)

Your editorial of July 80
under the caption, "The
Booker T. Washington Ma
tional Shrine" was possibly
of greater interest to me than
to many of the thousands who
read your fine paper. This
is true for several reasons:
first, perhaps, because l am
the only living child of Booker
T. Washington. 1t is crafty
ing to me that the American
government should so honor
my father as to establish a
national monument at his
birthplace. 1t is further graft
flying that an outstanding
publication like yours should
commend this action.
Secondly because it was |
who in 1915 appealed to Mr..
Sidney j. Phillips to save my
fathers birthplace when 1t
was put up for sale at public
auction. In response to my
appeal he borrowed money,
purchased the plantation, and
organized "The Booker T..
Washington Birthplace Me-
mortal" to work towards the
establishment of a national
monument on the site.
Because the governments
recent action in establishing
a national shrine at the birth
place of Booker T. Washing
ton is the direct result of more
than twelve years of conscien-
tious effort on the part of
Mr.. Phillips and those asso-
ciated with him in the Booker
T. Washington Birthplace Me
mortal, and because this fact
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

tional projects instituted and
carried out in Mr.. Phillips eff
forts to channel the Ameri-
can mind toward the estab-
liShment of a national shrine
to honor Booker T. Washing
ton.
The little fluid in the test
tube produced by DR.. Salk
was, initself far too small in
volume to save millions of
Americas children from the
dread disease of polio-but
it was the key that opened
national donors to the produc-
ton of sufficient vaccine to
save Americas most precious
possessions. Fulton's idea of
our first steamboat might
have been considered a collos-
sal flop from a dollar and
cents" point of view-but it
laid the way for a system of
water transportation worth
millions. In similar manner.
the work of the Booker T.
Washington Birthplace Me-
morial-under Mr.. Phillips
guidance-did not actually
produce a national monument
to Booker t. Washington, but
it impressed upon the hearts
and minds of the American
people the fact that such a
shrine is definitely in keep
ing with the finest and best
in American tradition and
custom. And out of these inn
pressions have come legisla-
ton that will establish the
shrine for which Mr.. Phillips
and his associates worked so
h a r d.-Portia Washington
Pittman, Washington, DC.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

ing a quarrel. He returned to
the home of the Collins
woman first and her cousin,
Miss Session, as she pied with
him mot to shoot her cousin
anymore" Miss Collins died
three hours later at a hos
pital, while the Session woman
was killed instantly.
When Brewer surrendered
to local police officers at sos
am. Thursday, after first
fleeing the scene of the crime,
he was quoted by Officer 3.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
E B EN- EZ Err

Ebenezer A.M.E. Church
launches full program lead
ing to annual conference. The
pastor, M. Arthur Camper,
and his Official Board have
channeled their sixth year
Forward Looking Program
towards it's climax during
this. Fall Season. Beginning
Sunday, September LIST, at
both the II am. and Z pm.
service, Holy Communion will
be observed. Sunday the 9Th,
Ebenezer will celebrate its
Second Annual Homecoming.
During the Morning Service
the Educational Day and
Loyalty Day Sermon will be
delivered by the pastor. Fol
lowing the Morning Service,
a dinner will be served to all
remaining, and those from
far and near will fellowship
till the Special Homecoming
Day Services at A pm. at
which time the Rev. T. Beech
er Travis, Minister of the st.
Paul Methodist Church will
preach. His choirs and con-
gregation will accompany
him.
A Spiritual Emphasis Week
I follows beginning Monday 9th
through Sunday the 18th,
nightly at 8 o'clock. These
Revival Services will be pre-
faced by various organizations
of the church leading the de-
votions followed by the pastor
presenting one of his musical
compositions, telling how it
came to be written and then
preaching from a related text
and finally giving his Chris
tan Conviction.
Sunday the 22nd, the Rev.
C. B. Brown, presiding elder,
Roanoke District, will preach
during the Morning Service
and preside over the Fourth
Quarterly Conference immedi-
ately following the service.
On the 10Th the EbeneZer
Choir and pastor journey by
bus to the Bethel A. M. E.
Church, Greensboro, N. c.,
where the Rev. NJ. G.. Swami
! is minister. Rev. Camper
will preach at one service and
present his music in concert
at another while there.
Beginning the month of
October, Sunday the 9Th,
Rev. Camper will deliver the
18th Anniversary for the
Rev. j. L. Pinkard, at the
Bethlehem Baptist Church
Ballyhack. On Sunday the
goth watch for the place.
lplans are to present the com
plete musical works of Rev
Camper, City choirs and mu-
sicians will assist in this pres.
entation. On Thursday the
18th, at 8 pm, the Church's
: Annual Fall Rally will be con.
cluded. And finally from
October 31st thru Nov. 3rd
! The Ninety Second Session Of
p the Virginia Annual A.M.E
Conferences will be cOnVen
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
Man Released Two Weeks, Kills Two Women

Kingston, NC. - J AGO b
Brewer, who was released two
weeks ago from prison, is now
in Lenoir, NC. jail, being
held without privilege of
bond, charged with t h e
double Staying of two women
who were cousins.
Dead are Miss Alta Thomas
Session, 80, and her cousin
Miss Gladys Collins, SO.
Witnesses stated t h a t
Brewer went to his rooming
house to get his gun, follow
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

Visitors from our communi-
ty in the Star City recently
were Mrs. Sarah Crews, Mrs.
Mary Wiltshire, Mr.. f. D.
Spraggins, and Mr.. and Mrs.
Hampton Crews of Philadel-
phia. They were guests of
their brother and sister-in-law
the Charlie Spraggins of
Gilmer Ave. The above named
visited the Greater Mt. Zion
Church, a magnificent edi-
flee.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

G.. Broadwall as saying he
fired the shots during a lovers
quarrel.
Denies Romance
He said the Session woman
accused him of being friendly
with her cousin, which he de-
MED.
Hauled into Recorders
Court for a preliminary hear
ing of Thursday morning,
Brewer entered a plea of not
guilty to both charges of muir.
der.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
BURRELL MEMORIAL HOSPITAL TO
BEGINS SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

All things must grow or
become stagnate and die
such is the case with indlvld-
ual lives, such is the case with
members of a profession.
There must be individual as
we'll as institutional growth
in keeping up with new dis
coveries, new techniques, and
new methods. Institutional
and Individual cooperation
can grow with knowledge.
On September 9, 1857, Bur-
rell Memorial Hospital will
officially begin conducting a
Hospital In-Service Training
Program" under the super
vision of Mrs. Miriam w.
Smith, r. N, Clinical 1nstruc-
tor and Evening Supervisor,
and Mrs. Rebecca j. Stewart,
r. N, Director of Nurses.
Mrs. Smith has completed her
academic requirements and
has only to complete the per-
iod of residence required to
qualify for her BIS. Degree
in Nursing Education.
The hospital in-service pro-
gram is two-fold. The first
is to help today's hospital
nurse achieve her objective
of better patient care. The
second concerns itself with
the enthusiasm of the nurse
for her important work. Bet
ter patient care requires a
constant search for better
methods. The specific pur-
pose of the program is to
(D build up and develop
higher standards in the prac-
tice of nursing care at Bur
rell Memorial Hospital, (2)
assist the graduate nurse to
continue her professional and
cultural developments so that
she may render more valu-
able service to her patients;
help build morale and a desir-
able atmosphere in Burrell
Memorial Hospital; contrib
ute to other employees educa-
ton practical Nurses and
Nurses Aide) and more ade-
quately meet the public health
needs and social problems Of
the community; (3) to en-
phasize the Importance of the
staff nurses responsibility in
the field of health teaching.
Glasses will be held Mon
day, Wednesday and Friday
of each week from 100 pm.
to 800 pm. The course will
consist of 35 hours of instruc-
ton, and 45 hours of prac-
tice, totaling 80 hours. Elk
animation will be; given after
every four (4) lectures. All
Nurses Aides and Licensed
Practical Nurses, plus other
selected personnel now en-
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

plOyed at Burrell will be re-
quired to attend and pass this
course of instruction if they
are to continue to work at
Burrell. Selected subjects
will be scheduled for grad
late nurses and other depart
mental personnel. Lectures
will be given by physicians
md other professional people
If the community.
This course is also avail
able to any person in the
community, male or female,
rom FL to so years of age,
rec of cost, who wishes to
axe advantage of this train
ing. All that is needed is
FOR the interested persons to
contact Mrs. r. j. Stewart,
r. N, Director of Nurses,
Burrell Memorial Hospital,
and express their desire. A
selection of those applying
will be chosen.
Certificates of completion
will be awarded those persons
successfully completing the
course of instruction and will
give the person so awarded a
priority in employment at
the hospital when vacancies
occur.
The course of instruction
is being submitted to the Vir-
ginia State Board of Nurses
Examiners for their informa-
ton, endorsement and sug-
geStlOnS.
The ultimate plan of a hos
pital in-service program is to
3-TRIBUNE
accomplish well-integrated
program with a general pro-
gram covering universally
interested topics and to lay a
groundwork for a future
School of Nursing.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
In the Hospital AS of
August 26, 1857

august 70, 1897
Mrs. Rachel Sawyer, Mas
ter Harry j. Robinson, Mrs.
Viola Walton, Mr.. Waldron
Thompson, Mrs. Serena G..
Bannister, Mrs. Geneva Penn,
Master Alvin Brown, Mr.. Rob-
ert Reeves, Little Richell
Hooks, Mr.. Melvin Penn, Rev.
James w. Caldwell, Mrs. Oil
wee Tyree, Mr.. Samuel Woods,
MIR. Jack Cabell, Mrs. Virginia
LeftWich, Mrs. Margaret
Trent, Little India Trent, Mrs.
Gertrude Cunningham, Mas
ter Bernard Clark, Mr.. John
Coleman, Mrs. Cornelia
Smith, Mr.. Henry Norman,
Mrs. Roberta Harris, Mrs.
EIko Clayton, Mrs. Ka t e
Paige, Mrs. Ruby Jones, Mrs.
Elaine Davis, Mrs. Mable
Dent, Mrs. Lois Otey, Mrs,
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

Gladys O'Neal, Mr.. James
Crews, Mrs. Rosa Lee Ellis,
Mrs. Geraldine Chapman,
Master James f. Taylor, Mr..
Fred Moseley, Mrs. Bertha
l.. HairSton, Mrs. Annie Bell
Saunders, Mrs. Frances Mae
Taylor, Mrs. Dorothy Annie
Brown, Mr.. Joseph Archer,
Miss Pearl Edwards, Mrs. Sa-
rah Gravely, Mr.. Charles
Huey, Mr.. Tobias Penn Hairs
ton, Mr.. Abraham Jefferson,
Baby Girl Monroe, Mrs. Win
ford Newbille, Mrs. Christina
North, Mrs. Lucy Philpott,
Mrs. Ruth E. Shipman, Baby
Girl Spurlock, Mrs. Mary
White.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31

BurrelPS StOrk Club.
Walter and Eiko Clayton
(M) 8-20-57.
Lewey and Pauline Hale (M)
8-22-57.
James and Gertrude Chap
man (M) 8-22-57.
William and Bertha Hairs
ton (M) 8-23-57.
James and Frences Taylor
(F) 8-24-57.
Robert and Serena Dennis
ter (F) 8-24-57.
MILFORD and Geneva Penn
CD 8-26-57.
Sam and Doretha Mack
CD 8-21-57.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-08-31
Discharges

Discharges
Mrs. Flora G.. Blake, Little
Shirley Bonds, Little Corpi-
tela Bonds, Little Roger G.
Hardy, Mrs. Nellie Brogan,
Little Pearl Bonds, Mr.. Will
liam Smith, Little Virgil
Payne, Mrs. Cora Sullivan and
baby girl, Little James Sulli-
van, Mrs. Floyd Payne, Mas
ter Calvin Childress, Master
Calvin Childress, Mrs. Nora
Mars, Mrs. Minerva Payne,
Mrs. Elizabeth NOEL, Mrs.
Nellie Otey, Master Issac
Childress, Mr.. Arthur Serrell,
Mrs. Nellie Muse, Master
Richard Johnson, M a t T
James Brown, Mrs. Ora Jones
and baby boy, Little Carrie
Enoch, Master Dennis Enoch,
III, Master Arthur Thomp-
son, Little Linda Thompson,
Master William Price, Master
James Cooke, Mrs. Mary Hor-
ton, Mrs. Clara Turner, Mr..
Lafayette Bishop, Mrs. Nellie
Logan, Master Curtis Smith,
Little Sylvia Smith, Little
Tnez Smith, Mr.. Walter M.
Horton, Mrs. Loretta Mckay,
Master Oscar Jenkins, Mrs.
Tide Norris, Master James
Campbell, Mrs. Ellene Cous-
ser, Miss Anita Lipscomb,
Mrs. Margaret Martin, Mas
ter Ronald Jenkins, Mrs. Eta
Manning and baby girl, Mrs
Doretha Mack and baby girl
Master Clarence Harris, Mrs.
Thelma Hines, Little Marvin
Johnson, Mrs. Reba Gamma
day and baby girl, Little
James Hayes, Mrs. Pauline
Hale and baby boy, Miss Stel-
la Wright, Mr.. Samuel Nicho,
las, Miss Veronica Sledd, Lit
tie Theodore Jones, Mrs. Anna
Walker, Mr.. Fred Anderson,
Mr.. John Kidd, Mrs. Ruth
Shipman, Mrs. Annie Saun.
ders.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1957-07-18
NEWS from MUNSON

ful time.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. A. Miller
of South Euclid visited in the
L. E. Miller home Friday even
ing.
Mrs. Mable Gates spent a
few days with Mrs. w. H.
Miller and Mrs. Burt AShcraft
last week.
Mrs. Matt Lyle of Findlay
o., is visiting her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. E. A. Summers and
Frank Doty.
c. j. Bogaske entertained C..
w. Wendt, Walter Chamberlain,
Henry Holbrook and Frank Jen-
kinS of Macedonia last Friday
The gentlemen were members
of the Mems Club of the Meth
odiSt Church.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Seville
had as luncheon guests Sunday
Mrs. Clara Spaulding and Mr..
and Mrs. c. j. Bogaske.
Twenty-four were present at
the Ladies Aid picnic at the
home of Arlene Carroll. A num-
ber of former members now
living in Chardon attended.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1957-07-18

Private Kenneth M. Bailey of
the United States Marine Corps
has recently been transferred
from Paris Island, South Car
olina to Camp LIE Jeune, North
Carolina.
Private Bailey entered the
Marine Corps in January of
1857 but his training was in
terrupted by a 21a month hos
pital stay due to pneumonia
and a minor operation. He at
tended Chardon Hi School and
is the son Of Mr.. and Mrs.
John Bailey, 442 North ST.,
Chardon. His present address
is: Pvt. Kenneth NJ. Bailey
1651379
H. Co. End Battalion 1st Infan-
try Training Regiment
Camp LIE Jeune, N. Carolina.
Carol P. Bailey, Navy Yoe-
man 3rd Glass United States
Navy, reports that she thorough
ly enjoys California and life in
the Navy. Yoeman Bailey en-
tered the service in Oct. of
1855 and after completing train
ing at Bainbridge, Md, was
transferred to Treasure Island
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1957-07-18
Peace ofMind

Although we all want peace of
mind,
At times, it's very hard to find.
So many seek to no avail
And one good reason why they
fail
May be because all through
their search
They do. not even enter church
Where many troubled people
went
And came, back strengthened
and content.
. It's not hard to find excellent
prescription service if you live
in this area. Just phone 5-3183
for information. Our well-quali-
pharmacist is pledged to the
highest ethics. Play it safe !.
have each prescription careful
ly, scientifically filled at Cooks
Drug Store, 1927 Main Street,
Chardon.
Geauga record. [volume] (Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio) 1952-1962, 1957-07-18
Population Rise Means
Prosperity in Future

banization and more compact
living.
Such is the case in Geauga
County. With a land area of 407
square miles, it now has a den
sity of 78 people to the square
mile.
This density compares with
81 per square mile locally in
1850.
Foresight and planning will be
required to provide properly
for the needs of the swelling
national population, it is point
ed out. Communities .musts en-
large their school facilities,
hospitals, water supply and
other services. Industry and
business must develop more fa-
ctories and shopping centers.
These, in turn, will serve to
provide jobs for a growino la
Dor force and the productivity
that makes for an improved
standard of living.
Geauga County's population
rise has led to tangible econom-
ic gains. In the seven-year per-
iod, local incomes rose from
81 ,444 per capita to ST ,780 af-
ter taxes. Spending went up
too. Part of this rise. of course,
but only minor part, was due
to initiation. There was a real
net gain.