davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
VIRGINIA
Way Is Clear for School Showdown

lower District court-would be COM
PEELED to recognize the Circuit
Courts action.
Now that the Circuit Court has
refused to throw out the suits, the
way is left clear for Judge Hoffman
to rule.
The difference in the two sets of
cases is this: The National AsSocia-
ton for the Advancement Of Col
ored People filed the suits against
Arlington and Charlottesville be-
fore the special session of the Legis-
lature passed the new laws last
September.
In the Norfolk and Newport News
suits, however, the State amended
its defense subsequent to the SEES
sion and offered the new pupil
assignment law as ground for
defense.
1t was this amended defense by
the State that opens up the new
package of legislation in Judge
Hoffman's court.
Judge Hoffman frequently ex-
pressed grave doubts" or serious
doubts" about the validity of the
pupil assignment law when consid-
cred along with the funds-with-
holding and automatic closing laws.
He said the whole plan had the
effect of placing a stone wall in the
path Of any child who felt he had
been Disseminated against because
of race.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

mond, on that very day, had an
nounced his candidacy for Gov
ernor in this years Democratic
primary.
Judge Hoffman's reference to
politics took on an added flavor
with the recollection that only
three years earlier, before he was
appointed to the bench, he was the
Republican candidate for Governor
against Mr. Almond.
Judge Hoffman left little doubt
in the minds of courtroom observ-
erS that he doesn't think much OF
Gov. Stanley's new laws which au-
tomatically close and withhold
State funds from public schools
where indignation may occur.
He indicated. however, that the
question Of whether he could hand
down a formal opinion on those
laws hinged largely on what the
Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals
would do in the Arlington and
Charlottesville cases.
Same Grounds Used
In both sets of suits-Arlington-
Charlottesville and Norfolk Newport
News-the State offered virtually
the same grounds in attempting to
throw the cases out of court.
Judge Hoffman said that if the
higher court recognized these
grounds, then he-a Judge of a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

Today's typical Representative is
product OF small town and its
public schools. But he is also the
product of a tougher struggle as
young man, a struggle that has
been significant in shaping his per-
sonality and outlook. He was In
his early 20s and trying to get his
bearings when the big depression
began.
During the lean l93Os the Repre-
sentative worked his way through
college and law school by clerking
IN grocery store, waiting on tables
and helping out in a lumber yard
back home summers. He remembers
this difficult period well-and with
certain pride.
In 1896 he ran for the State Leg
islature from his home district and
Loyalty served two terms though
the job paid but $500 a year. In
l940 he won local election as dis
trict attorney and turned in a good
record. Party leaders talked of
running him for Mayor.
War came, however and in jan
uary, 1912. he enlisted. He served
81 months. saw much action. was
wounded and twice decorated. When
he returned home in early l948,
he ran for Mayor and won easily.
In 1850 he challenged for a House
seat and again won by a heavy
majority. He begins his fourth
term in 1857.
A Social Aworeness
The Representative works CLOSELY
with hometown organizations, but
he doesn't always see eye to eye
with elder members of the House.
AS depression youth, he often
talks of the social responsibilities"
of government, and as a veteran,
he speaks of his Nations "global
responsibilities. He is first a poll
tician. but he also puts in long
hours of study about which his
constituents know nothing.
The Representative was married
in 1910 and now has three children.
He and his family live in Virginia
suburb where housing is less expen-
sive than in crowded Washington.
His wife has learned that while his
salary (the same as a Senator's)
looks good on paper. heavy expenses
devour a big share of it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
By GEORGE w. CAKES

LONDON--Faced with the seri-
Gus economic and financial conse-
quences of Suez, Britain is rapidly
expanding and accelerating its
atomic power program.
The government plans to STEP
up the construction as well as the
capacity of commercial atomic
plants for the generation of cleo
tricity. This is expected to quad
ripple the planned output from
2 to million kilowatts during the
next eight years.
Despite the fact that the United
States is providing oil to relieve the
shortage, the United Kingdom gas
and oil rationing scheme, now in
effect. is based on a cut of at least
25 per cent in its normal supply.
If the coming winter should be
severe. and coal, Britain's basic
fuel, cannot be moved from the pit
heads as happened in 1947. there
will be serious fuel crisis.
Despite the most rapid speed-up
in commercial atomic power British
can summon. the United Kingdom
will only be obtaining about 20
per cent of its total power from
nuclear fuel by 1865.
Calder Hall. the first commercial
atomic power plant in the woi ID.
went into operation in mid-October
in northwest England near the
English Lakes.
Even a decision to build 10 new
and more powerful Calder Hall
stations instead of the IL an
nounced in 1855 is not expected by
British atomic and electrical au-
thorities to do more than at most
meet part of the extra demand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

lies in the fact that 1t affords op-
portunity for an even broader in
depreciation of the much disputed
Fourteenth Amendment, an inter-
probation which could further limit
State legislative powers.
Generally speaking, the Four
tenth Amendment, a post-Civil
War alteration to the Federal Con-
stitution, prohibits the States from
deprivlng any person of life, liberty
or property without due process Of
law. 1t also provides a Federal
guarantee that the States will not
deny any of their citizens equal pro-
lection Of the laws.
All OF the segregation cases in
recent years have arisen under the.
Fourteenth Amendment.
Most of them, however, have been
based on the equal protection"
theory. The Bissell case presents
the question of whether a segre-
gated public audience deprives those
in attendance of a federally in.
sured liberty" within the meaning
Of the amendment.
There are two parts to this
problem:
. Does the free-aSSembly guarantee
exist in connection with State laws?
The language itself appears only in
the First Amendment. which is
directed to Congress and which
forbids any Federal law which
might abridge "the right of the
people peaceably to assemble. and
to petition the Government for
redress of grievances" But. it is
argued. the due process clause of
the Fourteenth Amendment. as it
applies to personal liberty. includes
the same rights of peaceful as
Sembly as outlined in the First
Amendment.
. If the due-process clause does
cover such rights of assembly, does
segregation at public meetings
amount to an unconstitutional re-
Striction on them?
How For Does II Go?
The effort of the courts to spell
out just how far the Fourteenth
Amendment may restrain the States
in such legal areas as labor leg
islation, health laws and racial
relations has been, and remains, a
long complex process.
AS late as 1887 the Supreme
4 =
In that year a criminal statute
in Connecticut was contested on
grounds that it was contrary to the
Bill of Rights prohibition of
double jeopardy" In upholding
the statute Justice Cardozo pointed
out that the Fourteenth Amend
ment did not automatically include
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
By ALEX R. PRESTON

Last weeks decision in the Ar
lington and Charlottesville public
school cases paves the way for an
early showdown on Virginia's new
laws to preserve racial segregation
in the classrooms
The next major move rs expected
to come from Federal District
Judge Walter E. Hoffman who is
considering similar suits against
Norfolk and Newport News.
On Monday, the Fourth Circuit
Court of Appeals upheld lower
court DEGREES ordering an end to
racial segregation in Arlington and
Charlottesville. The State joined
the two localities in attempting to
throw the suits out of court. This
the appeals court refused to do.
Judge Hoffman indicated strongly
his feelings about Virginia's pack
age of public school segregation
laws, enacted last September with
Gov. Stanleys sponsorship, when
he said:
III had to rule on it today. i
would throw it out the window"
Politically Wise?
Expressing serious doubts about
the constitutionality of the States
plan. Judge Hoffman added this
comment:
What the Legislature of Vir-
ginia did in Richmond was not too
much to the credit of good judy
ment. 1t may have been politically
wise"
That was on November II when
the Norfolk and Newport News
cases were being argued.
Standing before him was Vir-
ginia's top legal officer. Attorney
General j. Lindsay Almond, jr.
1t just so happened that Mr.. AL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
Oi|-Short Britain Mu|tip|ies by Four
Its Atomic Power Production Goals

anticipated during the next eight
years.
No Quick Results
In other words, even this "hot-
ted-up' atomic program-by far
the most extensive anywhere-is
not likely to reduce Britain's pres
ent dependence on a dwindling and
increasingly costly coal supply or
imported. expensive and highly I'M
certain oil.
Whether or not present estimates
of atomic power to be produced by
1865 will be bettered depends on
scientific and engineering devel-
opments that way we'll occur. Sir
Edwin Plowden. chairman of the
British Atomic Enegry Authority,
said recently. This is the only pro-
gram I've ever been connected with
that did better than was promised"
Official figures show that Britain's
rising industrial production will re-
quire an increase IN energy supplies
of perhaps 40 per cent over the
next is years. Today, Britain uses
$50 to 260 million tons of coal
equivalent. OF which 210 million
tons is coal and the rest. oil.
Even by an additional investment
of more than 400 million pounds
(Sl.2 billion. the National Coal
Board expects to produce only II
per cent more coal by 1870 than
is currently available.
Under the anticipated atomic
program there will probably be
gap of about 70 million tons of
coal equivalent" local. oil, hydro
electric or atomic energy by 1865
or 40 million tons of oil to be
imported. possibly much of it for
dollars. During the next eight years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
COMPOSITE PICTURE
A Profile Of a Congressman

HANGED his prestige and further
fired his ambition.
In 1912. at the age Of 46. he
landed in the Governors mansion.
where he won a reputation as a
sound administrator. In 1916 he
was elected to the Senate and will
complete his second term in two
years.
The Senator is definitely an
Organization man." He belongs to
the American Legion, Forty and
Eight. Veterans of Foreign Wars,
and at least five civic clubs. He's
lent his name to hundreds of drives
and committees. He is also a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

Britain may easily require more
oil than the rate of consumption
during the first half of 1856.
New PIonts Aheod
Contracts were let last month at
a cost of 100 million pounds. 1886
milhon) for three extra large COM
mercial power plants-two in Eng
land and one in Scotland, with a
total electric output of 100000
kilowatts. Work will start in early
1857 but the power from these sta
lions will not be available until the
end of 1860.
Each of the English stations =
equal to a medium size coal-burn-
ing plant should provide the
power needs of a city of 100000
people The Scottish plant =
heralded as the largest commercial
atomic power station in the world
will have a generating capacity
of 100000 kilowatts, compared to
Calder Halls 10000.
All of the new plants will be the
same general type as Calder Hall
gas-cooled. graphite moderated
stations. burning natural uranium
which atomic authorities consider
TO have many advantages for
British use. including that of low
cost and safety.
Electric and atomic authorities
here are confident that the cur
rent cost of producing atomic
electricity will be reduced before
1865. Sir John Cockcroft, director
of atomic research at Harwell,
expects to design atomic power sta
lions that will produce electric
power at about two-thirds the cost
of the most efficient coal-burning
power stations in operation today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
The Satellites:
Still Defiant

The Soviet satellite empire con-
tinued to shake last week as the
Hungarian Workers Councils defled
the Kadar government to fire large
numbers Of employees, and the Po-
lish national Communist" regime
OF Wladyslaw Gomulka openly
aligned itself with the sturdy Yugo-
slav. Marshal Tito, to challenge
Soviet interference" with the in
ternal affairs of small nations in
side the Red orbit. 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

Inlfty-SecOnd Degree Mason. In
addition, the Senator has honorary
doctor of laws degrees from two
universities. and he's very proud of
them.
Busy, Comfortable Life
With their two children grown
and raising families of their own,
the Senator and his wife live in one
of the better apartment hotels in
Northwest Washington. His life is
busy but comfortable; he has
private income apart from his
$4,000 annual salary and expense
allowance.
Now and then, he thinks of the
presidency. But on the whole, the
Senator's one ambition is to stay
in his present job as long as health
permits. Proud of his membership
in the club" he would regard the
presidency only as kind of "hori-
zontal" promotion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06

to Warsaw Of an official Yugoslav
delegation headed by Svetozar
MISUNDERSTANDING, a close asso-
ciate of Marshal Tito's. The state
ment OF views, made public in an
official communique, later was am
plified in the columns of the Com
munist Party newspaper Trybuna
Ludu. 1t declared that mo one
Communist country has the right
to interfere in the affairs of an
other or dictate its action"
There was no public comment
from Moscow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
REVIEW OF THE WEEK

Geneva open skies" proposal, by
which aerial surveillance would be
mutually agreed upon to guard
against any clandestine military
preparations Mr.. Eisenhower. in his
reply. saw hope" in the Soviet
attitude. But he regretted the par
tial" approach.
The United States rejection of
the Bulganin proposals was matched
by similar reflections from London
and Paris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-06
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of nearby Maryland and
Virginia legislators on roll calls in
Congress last week:
SENATE
On motion to table a motion to
take up adoption Of Senate rules
for the 85th Congress. Adopted,
$3.50. January 4.
For Butler. Republican Of MARYLAND:
BYRD and Robertson, Democrats of Virginia
AEainst Beall, Republican Of Maryland
CVotes on organization Of the
House and Senate we're on party
lines.)
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
Ministers Glue
Graham Vote Of
Confidence
April Z, 1857

April z, 1857
The Mount Zion Baptist Church,
,01 NV 9th Street
Aiami SO, Fla.
Dear friends and congregation:
We, the Baptist Mini tiers of
Greater Miami and vicinity, in
extra session this Lords Day,
April z, do hereby extend to the
.ev. Edward T. Graham a unan-
nous vote of confidence and fur
ther express our faith in the hon
esty and integrity AS fellow min
.ster in the gospel of our Lord
and Saviour Jesus Christ.
We resolve also to pray both
for your courage and his strength
during these trying moments and
pledge our full support to you
and yours in counsel and guild
ance that your fellowship be I'M
shaken. We congratulate you.
Sincerely,
Rev. T. johnson, president
Rev. E. p. Brown, secretary
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
BETHEL AME
PARSONAGE
DEDICATION
SUNDAY

Triple events - Palm Sunday,
dedicatory services and budget
day scheduled for Sunday,
April IA at Greater Bethel AME
Church, will be further enhanced
by the presence of Florida's inIn-
table, world correctional and
ecumenical Bishop D. Ward Mich
OILS, dynamic prelate of the 18th
Episcopal District. Accompany
ing him will be his lovely wife,
the Episcopal supervisor and out
standing authority on family life,
Mrs. Kay B. Nichols, who has set
in motion a veritable renaissance
in Florida Missionary work.
Rev. J. Benjamin Blackwell,
pastor, has announced that the
Palm Sunday service will feature
a sermon by Bishop Nicnols in
the morning followed by the ded-
ication of the newly-erected par
Sonage in the after-service. Every
one is invited to witness the i'm
PVooANC CC1 cuIEUIIy.
In addition to attendance at
each Of the services, the pastor is
asking all members to pay their
budget money and receive their
receipt from the budget secretary
during the day.
If you fail in hearing this pull
piteer and educator you will miss
a treat.
The Gospel Choir will furnish
music for the occasion singing
the songs you Like to hear. This
group is led on by Wilbur Eli
son, president; Mrs. Naomi ST.
monette, director; Prof. Arthur
Anderson, organist. Your soloists:
Mesdames D. Butler, L. Wilson,
/. Ellison, and E. r. Best. Come
early in order to get a comfort
able seat.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
METROPOLITAN A. M. E
Rev. n. M. salmon. nastor

NOV. II. IA. 5aIulOn. naSTOT
Services at Metropolitan are
avnected as usual, to be high,
both spiritually and morally.
We will celebrate Palm Sun
lay in comnemoration OF Jesus
triumphal ride into Jerusalem.
Music will be rendered by h e
Teenage choir throughout the
lay. Two delightful sermons have
been prepared for our soiritua'
>nrichment and will be delivered
to us by the pastor. Why not turn
'side from your daily task, and
fellowship with us.
A Spring Tea win be given at
he home Of Mr.. and Mrs. Bishor-
Allen, 2l02 NV seth terri, from
1 to 6. Sponsored by the Pastors
Aid Board. All of our friends are
cordially invited to come out an.
ip tea with us.
All members OF the teenage
hoir, ACE League, and Sunday
School are earnestly requested tr
meet at the church each Afternoon
,eginning Monday through Fri
day OF the coming week at soc
Pm.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
FIRST UNITARIAN

The First Unitarian Church 40
Gated on Dixie Highway at SW
29th road, will hold a Mardi Gras
on Friday and Saturday, April IL
and Is. A preview Of the booths
will begin at 6:15 pm. on Friday
followed by a dinner and enter
tainment at 7:30 pm. On Saturday
the Mardi Gras will open at l
pm. and will include fashion
show, games and merry-go-round
for the children; booths of mer-
chandise, home baked pastry,
plants, books and white elephants
The final event will be q dance
with live music by our Melodaires
at 9 pm.
On, Sunday, April IA, II am
the Rev. Glenn o. Garfield will
give the second in a series of SER
mons on the modern concepts Cd
God. Tis topic will be "The Re-
ligion of Albert Einstein." At BIS
the jefferson Club will meet.
On Wednesday, April II, 8:15
pm. the Miami Community For
um will present Tasamma Ny
berg from Madras, India, speak
ing on "India - Land Of Con-
trasts." She will also present col
ored slides, demonstrations of sar.
and Indian songs.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
NEW HOPE BAPTIST
Rev. j. E. Brown. pastor
A. L. Stephens, reporter

Services began at the usual
time with the superintendent,
Bro. j. D. Brown opening Sum
day School.
Prayer service led by Deacons
w. l.. Coleman and Black begar
he IL o'clock wor;hip. Our pas
or delivered heart warming
message which was timely am
appreciative for the first SUMO.
morning.
Sunday night, the communion
sermon was delivered by tn
evangelist, Rev. C. D. Lewis {
Los Angeles. His wife prayed
prayer long to be remembered
The No. one choir furnished musi.
throughout the day, along witt.
ushers from all boards.
News of interest: The JUNO
usher board wishes to thank the
members and friends for attend
ing its waist-line party on las
Friday night at the home OF Mrs
Tomunie G.. GrisSom.
Our great revival begins Mon
day night, April is through the
29th. The Rev. T. J. James, pastor
of Mt. Tabor Baptist Church,
Tampa, will be the speaker. Come
out and hear this great speaker
Members wishing to have the
ministers for breakfast, lunch OF
dinner, please contact Mrs. Willie
M. benson, PL 1-6301; Mrs. Willie
Mae Williams, MA 1880 or Mrs
Jewel c. Deal PL 4-l379.
Let us not forget to visit with
our Shut-ins. Deacon Lewis Sing
Teton is in Jackson Memorial Hos
pital.
We wish to thank our many
visiting friends for worshipoinG
with us on Sunday past. You are
always welcome, come again.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
Rev. E. M. Thomas, pastor
IT,, ME l.. Mlncsy, reporter


Sunday School was opened at
9:45 ann. by the superintendent
Deacon Grady Mann, as each
class assembled in its regular
o~Io~ Tho $3.50 w-,c +hc-- 49,
viewed by Rev. Chaullk. Several
good thoughts were derived from
the lesson. AT IL o'clock devotion
was opened by Bro. Charles
Florence, and the Spirit came in
the building. Our pastor then
brought us great message. The
Lord really used him. His text
was found in st. John I'LL and
ST. Matthew 27:22.
The BTU held its regular hour.
Sunday night the pastor preach
ed another great sermon from
138th Psalm. It was very inspir-
ing. Communion was administer
ed.
Our rally came off on Monday
night and it was very successful
The two captains did fine. Dea-
con j. w. Johnson was captain
for the women and Sis. M y
Kelly was captain for the men.
We are doing fine at Mt. CAL
vary and everybody is welcome
to come and worship with US.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1957-04-13
TRIUMPH CHURCH
Elder D. Williams, pastor
Sis. Ethel Cooper, reporter


Sis. Ethel Cooper, reporter
Christ was beautifully lifted up
in School of Wisdom Sunday
morning. Countless men and
women all over the world say
hey never knew how loving and
how dependable God was until
hey were in distress.
Friends, when Jesus faced the
cross He prayed, saying 20 my
Father, if 1t be possible let this
;up pass from me: Never the les
not as / will, but as Thou wilt"
However Christ's suffering is the
blood is the price of our redernp-
guarantee of our salvation. Hi
on, His death is the penalty for
our sins, and His agony the path
10 eternal life.
YPEB was exceptional Sunday.
After the discussion of our lessor
we had a wonderful Bible drill
in which we awarded prizes to
Re '1rsons finding the most
scriptures.
We are very glad to have our
hepard Mother back with Is.
She has been away working for
the Lord. Healing services are
being held at the church every
Thursday night at 8 pm. If you
lave any physical or mental COM
'aints won't you come out and
'ry God. This meeting is con-
Quoted by c. Higgs. Our church
ated at 1925 NV goth ave.
Bishop c. H. Folmar of Detroit
who will leave for Africa, will
speaker at our church Sunday
night. The public is invited. The
Lord is my light and my saliva
ton whom shall ! fear. The Lord
is the strength of my life of whom
shall / be afraid.