davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13
'EYERYBODYs BUSINESS
Satellite Brings Pressure for U. N. Control

There is also an almost unan-
imous opinion, held by delegates
Of the Western and the so-called
Asian-African blocs that the
United Nations must and will
tackle the problem Of international
control Of this and future satel-
liteS.
'Everybody's Business
AS one chief delegate Of an
Asian nation expressed it. These
spheres are hurting over every
one everywhere. and traffic like
that is everybody's business. We
can't see this as a problem for the
Soviet Union and the United
States. just because they have the
satellites. or will have. It's the
entire world the things are orbit
ing, and we think this is the entire
worlds affair"
One result Of the satellites APP
pearance has been an appreciable
strengthening Of the U. N. moves
for an outright ban on nuclear
weapons testing. India. Japan
and the Soviet Union are pressing
formally for General Assembly
action at this session condemning
further tests as a hazard to the
health of the worlds population.
The United States. backed by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13
Space Sovereignty Becomes
A BeguiIing Legal Question

has fixed 800 miles or any other
particular altitude as its concep-
ton OF the beginning Of outer
space. The exact line of departure
has not been suggested by the
American Government. so it may
well eventuate somewhere nearer
the earth's surface. II might be
200 miles. 100 miles. or even 40
miles.
Proposed Solution
Mr.. Cooper Of McGill suggests
this solution to the problem:
''Reaffirm the Chicago Con-
vention. giving the subjacent
state full sovereignty in the areas
Of atmospheric space above It, UP
TO the height where aircraft as
defined. may be operated, such
areas TO be designated territorial
space.
Extend the sovereignty Of the
subjacent state upward to 300
miles above the earths surface,
designating this second area as
contiguous space, and provide for
a right Of transit through this
zone for all nonmilitary flight in.
strumentalities when ascending or
descending.
Accept the principle that all
space above contiguous space is
free for the passage of all instru-
mentalities."
There can be little doubt that
most countries. II faced with an
immediate threat, would probably
react in such way as to give
strength to the advocates of the
effective-control doctrine. They
would probably assert complete
sovereignty upwards to what
ever height the nature Of the
threat demanded.
AT least. this has been the his
toric reaction of neutral nations
when faced with the problem dur
ing a war. In the early days OF
World War l both Holland and
Belgium took vigorous action to
keep belligerent aircraft from
passing over their territories.
They scoffed at German argu-
ments that any air machine fly
ing higher than three miles was
free TO 90 where it pleased.
Sweden and Switzerland be-
haved similarly during World
War II.
What is the United States DO
sition to be? What happens.
for instance. If Russian Launched
satellites begin photographing the
United States with some futuris-
tic "souped up" camera capable
OF recording minute details from
extremely high attitudes? Ameri-
can law forbids the photograph
ing Of certain Government install
lations from above. regardless OF
height. Would Russian satellites
be in free" space If that situation
developed?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13

Britain and France, whose nuclear
arsenals are just being built. OPP
poses test ban prior to a fool
proof" system Of control and in
spection Of ornaments.
But the existence Of the Russian
satellite has Sharpened awarepess
among delegations uncommitted
heretofore on the test issue. Pre-
viously. the dangers they heard
about stemming from nuclear ex-
ploSions were relatively local in
scope. depending on winds and
currents and the location Of test
sites. The satellite has jolted all
Of them with the realization that
no area on the globe is out of
range these days Of nuclear at
tack. No one doubts that a Satel-
lite capable Of carrying and firing
nuclear weapons is possible. per-
haps even before a manned space
satellite is successfully launched.
Lodge Stotes Position
On Thursday. United States
Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge
told the 82-nation Political and
Security Com mittee that the
United States was now ready to
begin multi-nation talks imme-
diately in an effort to guarantee
that outer-space vehicles be "har-
messed for peace"
The new American position was
set forth in resolution. sponsored
by 20 nations of the free world.
originally drafted to press for
further consideration of the Vests
disarmament proposals. rejected
in general by the Soviet Union at
the London disarmament talks.
Introduction of the resolution.
originally scheduled for early last
week, was held up while high-level
policy discussions in Washington
weighed the impact of the Soviet
achievement of a successful space
satellite on the disarmament
stalemate.
The United States delegation
has adhered strictly to Secretary
of State Dulles insistence that
talks on satellite control, Sug-
gested last week by Soviet Com
munist Party chief Nikita Khru-
shchev. cannot be agreed to bilat-
erally-between the United States
and the SovietS. Mr. Lodges re-
marks to the Political Committee
Thursday revealed strong deter
mination that satellite control
be a matter for the U. N, spe-
officially for the u. NJ Subcom-
mittee on Disarmament. The
mounting concern among the "un-
committed" nations of the world
is looked upon as a prop for this
position, as it may well be.
But the Soviet Union, squeezing
every tactical advantage possible
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13

MT. NWHues tfee-lonce WTIfer tpecioItx-
ing In scientific subjects, drew on his
vide oequointoneeship smons scientists
IN collecting motefiol for this oFticle.
~------~-----~-~-~-~-
triumphs and not. strictly speak
ing, pure" science.
This does not mean their re.
search scientists are not the equal
OF ours, for they seem to be. But
each Of these achievements is, in
the view of our scientists, pri-
marily a result Of technical and
practical know-how-exactly the
kind Of thing at which America
has considered herself supreme.
This is unsettling to many
American scientists who did not
expect progress in USSR engi-
neerine and development work
to proceed so swiftly. For some
years. all countries have koown
the basic calculations involved
In getting satellite into an orbit
out in space. Men in the know
say that the strictly scientific part
Of our program was substantially
completed long ago. Therefore.
they say. we must conclude that
either our industry could not do
what the Russians could in this
instance, or the Job was not given
proper priority here.
z. The United Stotes and Britoin
remain fiFst-closs powers in
terms Of scientific and techni-
col copocity.
One inning does not make ball
game, to use an old classical ex-
preston. The British scientist
who said the United States now lis
second-claSs" was exaggerating.
Month after month, United
States science scores ilrsts, in the
laboratory. in industry. in military
application. even in starting whole
new technical fields. Russia in
some instances Surpasses us-for
example. in individual applications
va odSSAAoNAOAAs oNb Az AAAApul NAdl
observer would claim her automa-
ton processes approach ours for
diversity and the amount of en-
ergy expended and things pro-
duced.
American science and tech
niques and industry support not
only advancing science but the
highest standard Of living in the
world. Visitors to the Russian
atomic power plant have been
struck by the fact that Moscow
housing is no better in that neigh
borhood than any other; in the
shadow Of the atom the people live
in log houses.
But scientists are still alarmed
over the fact that Russia can
apparently match--or sometimes
surpass-our application Of SCI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13

ence, and at the same time she
seems to be laying q broader base
for her scientific effort. She is
sponsoring the development work
which makes the gadgets, and
fostering pure science, too, which
deals in facts and ideas.
In many fields she graduates
more engineers and scientists than
we do. Under our system. many
men and women Of talent are not
located and given encouragement
to continue their education. In
Russia they are not only encour-
aged, but they may be ordered to
continue their education. Appar-
emily they do not have much
wasted brain power in the form
Of talented people in unskilled
jobs-people who could have been
scientists If given the education.
3. Sputnik moy provide on incen-
tive for Americans to woke up
ond gain q better understond-
ing Of science and Technology.
Scientists feel they may take a
beating for a while. One said:
My filling station man told me,
Doc. thought you boys we're the
smartest in the world. What hap
pens? Some of you professors
must have goofedr"
But when the Government has
tried more seriously to find out
what kind Of support can help the
progress Of science in this country,
scientists feel they will get much
better treatment than they have
in the past.
They point out that our own
satellite program, like the atomic
bomb. originated with scientists
who sold it" to the Government.
But the satellite had to be pushed
up there by q missile or rocket,
and. they say, no one gave the
order to give them the support
they needed.
On the satellite, they COM
ment that II we had been first
1t would not have been a diplo-
matte triumph for us. The world
expects us to do things like this.
The scientists do not claim they
realized in advance what q ire
mendous effect the Russian scoop
would have on world opinion. But
they feel that high government
officials whose job it is to under
stand such things did not recog-
nize the Importance of pushing
the project.
American industry, which mass
produced the first car. the first
airplane, the first electric light,
has seemed to have found more
incentive in writing full-page ads
about space. than in actually
going there. one scientist COM
mented somewhat bitterly. If this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13
WORDS FOR THE SPACE AGE

The Dorld has plunged into the space age
NTH frightening suddenneSS As a link be-
tioeen yesterday and the dweSome tomorrow
i0e hare already begun. here are some quota
ttons appropriate to the occasion and suitable
for framing TO replace the outdated Home
St1eet Home"
Are thy wings plumed indeed for such far
fiishts?" Walt Whitman
And these now earthward in their main intent
May not be So soon
Minded beyond the moon
Man will enlarge his winged experiment"
Edmund Blunden
when I consider Thy heavens. the work
Of Thy fingers the moon and the stars which
Thou hast ordained; what is man that Thou
art mindful of him?"-PSdlmS 1874
Life, atom of that Infinite Space that stretch
eth, twixt the Here and There.
What endless questions vex the thought OF
Whence and Whittier, When and How?"
Sir Richard Burton
Eye Gods annihilate but space and time 4. :"
Alexander Pope
Space has no shape, nor will your thinking
shape it, space has no confines and no
borders time.
And yet to think the abyss is TO escape It; or
AK that horrors margin in a rhyme"
Conrad Aiken
Heaven is our heritage,
Earth but a players stage"
Thomas Nash
There are four several ways whereby this
flying in the air hath been or may be attempted.
Two Of them by the strength Of other things,
and two Of them by our own strength: % BY
spirits, or angels. a. BY the help of fowls.
CS) BY wings fastened Immediately to the body.
"a BY flying chariot Bishop John wilkins
I64SJ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13

With the appearance OF the
Russian earth satellite. there is
RetD interest in the Ownership"
OF spdce-juSt HON high a ma
TONS jurisdiction ouer the
space Gbope it goes. This dis
cuSsioH OF the legal background
and current thinking on the
question is condensed. NTH per-
mission, from the United States
Ndrdl Institute Proceedings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-13

Mr. Amfins. free -lones writer speciaIi1-
ing In scientific subjects, drew on his
vide oequointoneeship omons scientists
in collecting moteriol for this orsiele.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
EXCLUSIVELY
YOURS
Wilson's Give Sequoio Porty:
Ansberrys to Get Divorce
By BETTY BEALE

Secretary Of Defense Charles
e. Wilson. who has the fondest
rapport with the Washington
press corps Of any cabinet
member. said last night aboard
the Sequoia that he had Just
chalked up another first"
His news conference yester.
day was the first at which the
press had applauded him. he
noted with a smile. He sat on
the ships afterdeck as the
waters Of the Potomac behind
him quickly widened the dis
lance to Washington. The APP
plause had been caused by his
remark about the rich mem
bers Of the Chamber of Com
merce giving him a pain when
they complained about the
budget.
AS the boat glided noiseless-
ly down the river, Mr.. and
Mrs. Wilson launched their de-
lightful farewell party in honor
Of the Thomas Pixies, recently
special assistant to the Pres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

ident and before that Assist
ant Secretary Of Defense.
Chatting in the ships lounge
or on the deck were the COM
pany of rs. entirely drawn from
the Pentagon set except for
Senator Bill Knowland. Mr..
Pike. who shortly returns to
his oil supply business, is a
constituent Of the Senator and
said he intends to vote for him
when he runs for Governor.
incidentally. Senator Know
land took this opportunity to
congratulate Mrs. Wilson on
her now famous rebuke of the
President in defense of her
husband.
The informal. highly con-
genial gathering was aided and
abetted by the melody of Dev-
ron and two of his musicians.
Before the evening was over,
they had played everybody's
favorites including Mr.. viii
sons. "On the Road to Manda-
lay" the hosts sang their IA
nous duet. The Mouse Song"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

Mr.. WilA a sang a solo verse to
I've been working on the rail-
road" with all joining in. and
Assistant Secretary Of the
Army and Mrs. George Rod
erick danced a Viennese waltz
to "Wonderbar."
At the end of a delectable
buffet Of roast beef, fried
chicken, asparagus. avocado
salad. tomato aspic. hot bread
and fresh fruit served in a
scooped out watermelon, there
were toasts to Tom and Kath-
crime Pike. Mr.. Wilson ex-
pressed his appreciation for Mr..
Pixies service to his country.
In reply. Tom said how much
1t had meant to serve under
Secretary Wilson, whose quail
ties reminded him Of his favor
lite prayer: God give me the
serenity to accept the things
I cannot change: the courage
to change those I can change,
and the Judgment to- know the
difference" That. he said. was
Charlie Wilson.
The Undersecretary of the
Army and Mrs. Charles Finu-
cane enjoyed this leisurely eve
ming before taking OF this
morning for a months trip.
Starting eastward to Europe,
they win go around the world
IN 80 days.
Others on board were As.
Continued ON Page Bio, Col. 1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
Gala Party Celebrates
Iraqi KINGS Birthday

banese Ambassador, DR.. Victor
A, Khouri: Ambassador Mongi
Slim Of Tunisia and others.
The Ambassador Of Belgium
and Baroness Silvercruys ar
rived almost simultaneously
with former Ambassador and
Mrs. M. Robert Guggenheim,
both spouses wearing gowns Of
gray.
Senator and Mrs. Sparkman
arrived with their house guests,
DR.. and Mrs. w. M. McKis-
sack of Huntsville, Ala, join
ing in a conversation with Rep
resentative and Mrs. Omar
Burleson Of Texas, who had
just left a Texas State Society
party.
This is the fourth party.
today" Mrs. Burleson con-
f1ded, send roses tomorrow.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Gull
bertson came by from a party
given by French Assistant
Military Attache and Nine.
de Germiny in their Cleve-
land avenue home.
Mrs. Culbertson said they
hadn't been able to get to
either the American News
paper Women's Club party or
the Randolph Burgess soirees
on last nights schedule.
Vacation Talk
Supreme Court Justice and
Mrs. Douglas attended after
the ANWC party and were
discussing their plans for a
vacation trek this summer, be-
ginning at Karachi and ex-
tending on through Pakistan.
Mrs. Donald Quarles, wife
Of the Deputy Secretary of De-
tense. was there chatting with
Mrs. Ross Adair, the latter
wearing a white gown with
red touches and q tiny Ike"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

jewel pin with Q matching
spot Of red. Mr.. Quarles joined
his wife at the black-tie event
later.
Several bars were provided
for the guests who later dined
at individual tables around the
edges Of the ballroom sur
rounding a long and opulent
buffet.
The colors Of Iraq-white,
red, and green-appeared in
the floral arrang EN- e n is
adjoining the buffet which
offered such edibles as lobster
newburg. beef strogonoff, tur.
key. lamb, salads. and even
baked beans. in addition to Q
number Of desserts.
Spotlighting the table decor
were spun-sugar mosque and
minaret replicas fashioned by
the Mayfiower chef.
The Ambassador Of Jordan.
who is out of the country, was
represented at the party by
Jordan's Minister and Nine.
Rousan. Representing the
Turkish Embassy were two
Counselors and their wives,
Mr.. Than Savut and Nine.
Savut and Mr.. Mehmet Bay
dur and Mime. Baydur.
Italian Reception
Also there were the Philip
pine Ambassador and Mrs.
Romulo, Mrs. John Coulson,
wife Of the British Minister;
the Gordon Grays. the Douglas
Whitlocks, the Victor Purses,
John Simmons, and Author Al
Lillenthal. who is awaiting the
publishing date Of his new
book, There Goes the Middle
East"
The Ambassador Of Italy
and Signora Brosio arrived
after seeing on the last guest
at q reception they gave ear
lier at the Italian Embassy
honoring DR.. Paul Savina. the
Continued on Page BIS, Col. 5
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03
BY MARY L. VAUGHAN

Hundreds from Washington
oficialdom congregated in the
Mayfiower Hotel ballroom last
evening to join in a gala cele-
bration marking the 22d birth
day anniversary of King
Faisal II Of IraQ.
The Ambassador of Iraq and
Nine. Sh a b n dar received
in the adjoining Chinese room,
where large color photograph
Of the young monarch was
spotlighted between the flags
Of Iraq and the United States.
Nine. Shabandar greeted her
guests wearing a stunning
Traina Norell white satin
sheath gown, appliqued with
q black leaf pattern of a new
process velvet resembling
satin.
All Of the ambassadors and
their wives from the WASH
ington colony were invited
with the exception of those
from France, Israel, the
USSR. Poland, CzechoSlo-
vakia and Hungary.
Busy Evening
It was an unusually busy
night on Washington's social
calendar with several other
parties going on around town.
Everyone was either coming
or going from one festive event
to another.
DR.. Ali Amin, Ambassador
of Iran, came by without Nine.
Amin, who Is still visiting in
Iran.
DR.. El-Mehdi Ben Aloud,
Ambassador Of Morocco. and.
Mrs. Naziha Ben Aloud were
there as well as the Ambas-
sador Of Pakistan and Begun
Ali, the Ambassador of Egypt
and Nine. Hussein, the Le-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-03

Tske advenssse Of Daaisls Beotssy early open
ing Mcndey. Thurdsy end Fsidsy. Lots end
lots Of parking!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-16

ase eng Of oar eoscenient payment plans
Bring shsppine plate
for shoppine-neodor 3o-duy terms.
Insured Revolving Charge Account
No psymsnt " pus small ehor1e
It's insured BY The Prudential nsFonce Co. Of Ameriee.
Insured Revolving Budget Plan
No payment edA, ~ ~ meafhs
p sol ehoroe It's insured BY The Prudential insurance Co
Aneic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-06
REHABILITATION REVEALS
PORTER PLAYED BALL

Here is an extension Of remarks the Confessional
Ball Game:
Representative Charles o. Porter Democrat of Oregon
wants the world in general particularly the sports
loving voters in and around Eugene Oreg that he
was in that game even If the box didn't show it.
His Office reported Mr.. Porter who 49, was inserted
In the lineup to function at second base in third inning
that he caught two moving basebals made two put
outs and that he manned his position total of one
and onehaf innings. Innings normally calculated in
thirds but perhaps. Mr. Porter the bag for half
Further, his office said Mr. Porter went into the game
at the behest Of Democratic Manager league to re-
place Representative Joseph Montoya of New Mexico Mr.
Porter was not vouchsaed opportunity bat since Mr.
league INDUCED in some freewheelng substutions
game progressed
Mr.. Montoya, who is at Capitol Hill that his
name not even in the Congressional Directory played
the first two innings and Of the wearing
baseball suit listed to Representative Jones Alabama
So everywhere in yesterdays account Of the game
Where Mr. Jones referred mispayng batted ball.
1t was Mr. Montoya who did it, Mr. Jones didn't play at all
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-06

courts If their clients are not
satisfied with the Commission
ers' decision.
The boards chairman, Deputy
Fire Chief Fred Literal, an
nounced these findings yesterday
afternoon. soon after the board
closed its four-day session:
Pvt. James E. Woody. guilty
Of misconduct and guilty Of
making false statements: rec
commended for removal from the
department.
Pvt. Ralph ]. Rhyme, guilty Of
conduct prejudicial to the de-
partment and fined 500.
Pvt. Lacy Grayson. guilty Of
misconduct and fined 5000.
Pvt. Aubrey B. Jasper, guilty
OF misconduct but not guilty Of
making false statements to a
superior: Fined 5000.
The case grew out of an Incl
dent in an alley in the rear of
Engine Company No. Z at BAT
X street S.W. on April IS.
Municipal Court Judge Andrew
w. Howard had acquitted the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-06
By the Associated Press

Senator Kefauver. Democrat
of Tennessee. suggesting that in
siders had a chance to make
a killing" says he is going to
find out who bought stock of
Idaho Power Co. on April II.
That is the day Government
certificates were agned to allow
Idaho Power fast tax write-offs
on two hydroelectric dams on
the Snake River in the Hells
Canyon area. This action. how
ever. was not disclosed publicly
until April rs.
AS the first step in finding out
who bought stock Of the private
utility April II. the Senate Anti
trust and Monopoly Subcommit-
tee headed by Senator Kefauver
Yesterday issued a subpoena for
records Of the New York Stock
Exchange.
With 1900 shares Of Idaho
Power traded on the New York
Stock Exchange April II, COM
pared with 1000 shares the prev
ious day. it closed at $3.50 a
share. up 81 cents. 1t closed
yesterday at $38.25.
Senator Kefauver said the SUBJ
committee is very much inter-
ested in finding out who was re-
sponsibe for this unusual ac-
tivity."
j. B. Wyckoff, chief OF the tax
amortization branch of the ONCE
of Defense Mobilization. testified
yesterday he had mo explana-
ton" for the brisk activity in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-06
bill Proposes
Revised u. S.
Interest Rates
By the Associated Press

The Budget Bureau has sent
to Congress a bill which would
require Federal lending agencies
to charge enough interest to
equal rates the Government pays
on borrowed money.
The proposal would require
each agency to pay interest to
the Treasury on its own borrow
ings from the Treasury. The
agencies then would be required
to charge interest equal to that
paid the Treasury. plus a sufi-
cient amount to defray admin
istrative expenses.
In a letter to House Speaker
Rayburn, Democrat of Texas,
Budget Director Percival Brun-