davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

In the column, NlStaS IN
Science" February Is, a pos
sibly misleading discussion of
a recent experience of mine
appeared. The findings of this
experiment were incorrectly
interpreted to be contrary to
previous reports that the
tranquilizer. reserpine, mini
mics or eliminates fear"
responses that had been con-
ditioned in eXperim n !
animals.
The difficulty arises from a
failure to distinguish between
drug effects on the perform
ance of a response and its eff
fectS on the learning of re-
Spouse. In the first case. the
experimental procedure in
wolves ID establishing the con-
ditioned fear in an undrugged
state. and 90 measuring the
strength Of the fear following
the administration of the drug.
In this case there is good evil
dence that reSerpine attenuates
fear.
To evaluate the effects OF
reserpine on the learning Of
fear. the experimental proce-
dure is reversed. First, the
animals are injected with
reserpine, and all condition
ing dearningl trials are adj
ministered while the animals
are under the influence Of the
drug. Then. after the effects
of the drug have dissipated, a
test is made to determine If
any learning had taken place
in the first drug phase. My
experiment, which was of this
second type, demonstrated
that considerable learning of
fear is possible even when
large dosages of reserpine are
administered prior and during
the learning phase.
Larry Stein.
Walter Reed Army Institute
of Research.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
VSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Fossil Summers Preserved in Ice

by volunteer students from
American colleges-are learn
ing a lot hitherto unknown
about the depths of the ice.
This will apply both in the
Arctic and Antarctic.
They are considering ice not
just as frozen water but as a
metal" In the Antarctic,
by the way, biologists often
refer to it as rock" The
Arctic engineers look upon it
in the same way as on steel
or copper. AS experienced in
temperate climates it obvious
ly is a very poor metal-very
weak, brittle and breakable.
But it has the same crystal
line structure as metals.
At about -32 F, they have
found, remarkable changes
take place and it becomes a
very strong m ct al. well
adapted to be used as build
ing and roofing material.
Under the great white wall
they are building living quar-
tiers, mess halls. storage rooms.
There is even a narrow-gauge
electric railway running under
the ice. One of the present ex-
periments consists of a big
hole full of gasoline. Such a
storage tank, the engineers
believe. will be ideal. In a
year the quality of the fuel
should be improved because
any water which may have
been in the product should
have frozen out.
Eddies Detected
Ice is a metal" but it con-
tinues to flow like water at
speeds ranging from a few feet
to a few inches a month. This
is apparent, the engineer Off
GERS say, when watching an ice
river like the great Moltke
glacier, near the Air Force sta
ton at Thule. from a helicop-
ter poised above. Nobody knows
much about the ground surface
under the Greenland ice but it
must be very rough and boul-
der strewn, like the beds of
many rivers. Eddies can be de-
tected in which the flowing ice
swirls around, evidently be-
cause Of these boulders. Photo
graphs show a checkerboard
pattern of squares, polygons
and rectangles on the surface
of the drifting snow which
covers the ice-a phenomenon
still not clearly understood.
The Moltke glacier, they esti-
mate, is moving 10 to IA feet a
day.
The engineers are studying
how snow turns to ice. The
great Greenland pack has been
built up by countless centuries
Of snowfall-about 4 feet per
year. This actually is quite
slight. for Greenland is one of
the worlds desert areas. But
as the accumulations of years
pile up on top Of each other
the pressure gradually turns
the snow into ice At eight
feet below the surface the snow
still is snow with only four
tenths the density Of ice, al
though it looks and acts like
ice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
Woshinqton's Way

observe good faith and JUS
tice toward all nations. Gull
tivate peace and harmony with
ALL"
These dynamic words so
humbly uttered by one of the
principal makers of American
history on September 10. 1876,
still are and will forever re-
main an inexhaustible light
house orienting the destinies
of mankind.
In his Farewell Address.
a monument of rare reflec-
tons and wise counsel to sue
ceeding generations. George
Washington amply demon
strated his exemplary human
itarianism by streSsing the in
dispensability of religion and
morality" which he very
rightly described as great
pillars of human happiness.
firmest props of the duties of
men and citizen"
Although this great leader
was compelled to resort to the
use OF arms for the acquisi-
ton of the most precious ele-
ment of life-liberty-he had
repeatedly denounced war as
a medium for the settlement
Of differences. and vigorously
advocated harmonious rela-
tons among all peoples on
earth.
sHis ardent desire to see this
spiritual country of ours put
ting into practice its peaceful
detectives and thereby affirm
ing its unrivaled democracy,
was eloquently expressed in
this sentence: Can it be that
Providence has not connected
the permanent felicity Of a
Nation with its virtues?" But.
being fully aware of the prob
lens the universe was con-
fronted with at that time. and
prophetically visualizing our
present troubled world, he also
said The experiment at least
is recommended by every SEN
timent which ennobles human
nature"
This commendable philos-
ophy is as timely today as it
was l6l years ago. Its imple-
mentation was doubtless the
spirit dominating President Eli
senhower's inaugural address
when he said: we seek peace
!. that may be the only CHI
mate possible for human life"
An intelligent, realistic in
depreciation Of the harmony
with ALL" urged by George
Washington, was made by the
President on January 81. mo
nation can longer be a for
tress. lone and strong and
safe"
Admittedly, nations are still
lacking in good faith. as our
first President had conceived
it, but the experiment" pres
entity exists within the frame
work Of the United Nations.
and with humility and fair
ness. brotherhood and under
standing. we can ultimately
materialize these objections.
Nick c. Louis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

Canal. One Of them had to
prevail, the other to fall. As
always, the choice rested on
the desirability Of the conse-
quences, in the judgment of
the person or entity having the
power of decision.
If the advocates of the prin-
ciple Of consistency as applied
to sanctions were to argue
that the consequences of in
consistency would be more dis
astrous than the consequences
of consistency, there would be
a clear issue of Judgment,
which is what the whole thing
amounts to anyhow, not to the
moral obtuseness imputed by
many. If this seems to lead
directly to pure pragmatism.
it is still the only rationale
which can safely be used in
either individual or national
relations.
c. Glenn Whitl0ck.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

Army engineers are finding
fossil summers" buried in
Greenland ice.
Fragments of dead Julys
are imprisoned in the 200-foot-
high ice cliffs that ring the
worlds largest island. There
they may persist for years.
Generally under the ice there
is a fairly constant temper
allure Of Is to II degrees FAIR
enheit. 1t does not change
with the seasons. But the en-
gineers of the Arctic Task
Force, tunneling into the face
of the great ice wall near the
great U. S. air base at Thule.
were puzzled to find that the
temperature varied erratically
with the length of the tunnel.
At different spots there was a
range of from 8 to 20 degrees F.
They have, however, been
able to explain the differences
in this way. The ice cliff is
being built up each summer by
the seward flow of the two
mile-thick ice cap which COW
ers the interior of the island.
Also great chunks of the wall
constantly are breaking off and
plunging into the sea as ice
bergs. So by and large the
white walls remain rather
steadily in the same place. al
though in any particular sum-
mer they may advance or re-
treat a few feet.
Theory of Phenomenon
Now, flowing ice tends to
take on the summer tempera-
ture of its surroundings, up to
the freezing point. Tempera-
lures differ considerably from
summer to summer. So the
temperature of the ice push
ing outward from the cap may
be only a few degrees above
zero during a cold summer and
as high. as 20 degrees F. dur
ing a warm summer. The ice
piles up to form the walls.
Only the top few feet change
with climate changes. In the
depths the tie era ture
remains the same as when the
ice was deposited.
This, the engineers believe,
accounts for the phenomenon.
When the tunnelers hit a tenn
peratur of IL degrees F. it is
reasonable to assume that was
the temperature of the summer
when the ice in which they
are working came off the cap.
If their thermometers read 10
above a few feet farther on it
means that the next Green
land summer probably was
much warmer.
Unfortunately for the pur-
pose Of determining past CHI
matte differences. these i'm
prisoned fragments of summers
are short-lived. The ice which
contains them breaks off and
plunges into the sea every few
years.
The engineers OF the Arctic
Task Force-both officers and
men picked for special quail
fications in dealing with
problems Of the Far North.
and augmented each summer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
Hoot BirdIovers

Most citizens have a healthy
appreciation for the creations
Of nature, including bird life.
However. to strangle the prog
ress Of this city in order to
encourage a few more birds
to nest in downtown" thick
cts of marsh and underbrush
is not reasonable.
Already this city has lost a
parkWay-type high way so
badly needed along the Poto-
mac north of the city: the
bridge project over Roosevelt
Island was harassed by this
same wild-life problem. and
now a compromise Belmont
Bay location for a proposed
second Washington air termi-
nal is under fire because Of
some eagle roosts reported to
be in the area.
1t seems to me too much
weight is being given to the
complaints of a very loud and
very tiny minority who love
the birds but can't move out
Of their steam-heated apart
ments to take up country life.
In my own patch of sub
urbia we see all the common
garden birds. quail, hawks,
plenty of crows and. once. even
a wild turkey. Let's get on with
these civic Improvements be-
fore the locations build up too
much as did the Burke area.
and we'll feed the feathered
folk with an extra bird feeder.
o. F. Atkins.
The following is respect
fully submitted and dedicated
to the Washington birdwatch-
ers who are more interested
in Belmont Bay birds than
Burke humans, and further
to those Alexandria and Ar
lington politicians, realtors,
contractors and high fiiers
generally who endeavor TO
make our hearts bleed for the
birds while they are in the
process Of bleeding us. as they
insist on Burke and Burke
alone:
Oh the birds they rate so
high at Belmont Bay
And the watchers get irate
DER Belmont Bay
They get so irate they
angrily berate
The humans who would fly
at Belmont Bay.
But the humans rate so
lowly out at Burke
And there's millions TO be
made out at Burke
For the humans they don't
rate someone to get irate
So let's all get it while We
can out at Burke
Owen J. Remington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Probably the commonest mis-
take women make in serving
their husbands food is to dish
up too much at time.
The toughest looking guy
will shrink inwardly at the
sight of an assembled, or dogs,
meal on his plate.
He wants enough border to
show TO ease MS soul. but
there is no boruer. Every last
square half inch OF the plat
ter is full.
The peas, the potatoes and
the meat, for instance, meet
ard coaleSce.
The good woman thinks that
unless one eats a lot. one is
not eating at all.
She actually thinks one is
i'll. unless he plunges in with
knife and fork. VOLTS it all on
the run, and demands more at
once.
It's another idea descended
from the great agricultural
days of the country.
Jefferson. for instance,
thought America could survive
only if she stuck TO being an
agricultural nation.
He had never heard Of mass
production. as such. or assem-
bly, lines, but he knew a thing
or two about the great cities o:
England and the continent.
They had an industrialized
civilization, and Thomas JEFF
ferson didn't like il.
He envisioned an America
made strong by its sturdy men
of the soil. the hardy-handed
toilers with pillow and ak and
spade.
4 # 4
In those days people ate
hearty. as the saying was.
Draw up to the table.
Grandma said. land eat
hearty"
The heaped plate. of course.
Menfolks had the appetite
for It, in those days. when
corn ticker was drunk out of
tin cups, and Patrick Henry
had a big barrel of it at his
front door for all corners.
Things have changed, since,
We no longer drink out Of
tin cups, nor have the hearty
outdoor appetites for a lot of
food visible on the plate.
We are not exactly decadent
and finicky, but simply like to
have a full view of the plate.
We want, above all. to be able
to ask for more.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

@. How long does it take
cotton to grow to maturity?
&C. Nj.
A. About 200 days. III the
United States cotton-growing
belt. seed is usually planted in
April and the cotton picked in
September and October. This
crop requires many days Of
bright sunshine and warm
temperatures, with practically
the entire growing season free
from frost. 1t crews from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

citation and the United Cerebral Palsy
Association.
All OF these organizations are en-
gagged in worthwhile activities that merit
the wholehearted support of the public.
We hope their first venture in campaign
teamwork ultimately will lead those that
are eligible to join the successful United
GiverS Fund for the Metropolitan Area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22

about 40 degrees north of the
equator to 40 degrees south
of it.
@. Is there more than one
kind OF the common brown
bat?--.D. O.
A. There are about 80 diff
ferent kinds of this bat. scat
tered throughout the world.
Most OF them arc little ami
mails about 2 inches long
furred except for the wings
ana feet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
HeckIes Post Office

What is all this nonsense
about raising the cost Of letter
mail 70 five cents? This ad-
ministration has not yet
learned how to make the three
cent stamp stick!
John Kenmuir.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry t0riterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
SQtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
BY THE HASKIN SET

BY TIE HASKIN SERVICE
~ Il
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
Anti-Feor Druq

Owen J. Remington
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-22
What MARYLAND Needs?

John Kenmuir.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25

was from smoke and water.
Floyd B. Taylor. superintendent
of Shiloh National Park in Tennes-
see, spent the week end with his
parents. Mr.. and Mrs. B. Taylor
Floyd was in Richmond all week
attending a conference of 81 park
superintendent from the service S
Region /. Purpose of the conference
is to review the park services oper-
ating problems. He also hoped to be
able to attend one night session and
the banquet of the National Ruritan
convention which met in, Richmond
the early part of the week.
Wayne Willis, son of Mr.. and Mrs
Homer Willis, has been page in
the Royal Ambassador chapter Of
Fine Creek Baptist Church for ap-
proximately a year. On Sunday
morning the reviewing council sat
in session after Sunday school to
hear Wayne successfully fill the re-
quirenlents for becoming a squire
in this organization. He will now be
able to begin studying the require
ments for the next rank, that of
Knight
Lewis P Hening is a patient at
St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Rich
mond
Mrs. Hening Receivers
Mrs. Bessie M. Hening is recover
ing from her recent illness She has
been spending some time in Falls
Church with her son, Clark. and his
family This past week she has
been in Richmond with her brother.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25

airy meeting Tuesday in the home
CT Mrs. Donald Flippen. Mrs.
Charles A Holman, Jr.. gave
talk on House Plants" The for
nation Of a new Home Demonstra-
ton club at Amelia was discussed
and the club members appeared
interested The new demonstration
club, if formed. would meet at
night, SO those women with small
children could attend. The group
now in operation meets in the
afternoon.
Miss Mary Woodford Ward, Miss
Christine Blankenship, Mrs. John
Farris and Mrs. Bruce Bowlin were
hostesses Saturday in the home of
Mrs. Bowlin at a miscellaneous
shower b oring Mrs William
Southall, the former Nancy Lee
Bowlin, a recent bride.
Miss Lawrence Baugham d
Mrs. c. Garland Hutcheson were
in Richmond Saturday for the per-
Torrance of the Chicago Civic bal
let.
Mrs. Roper Raines, of Bowling
Green. and Mrs. T. c. Zehmer. of
Richmond. both formerly of Amelia.
visited friends and relatives here
Sunday.
Celebrates Birthday
Mrs. j. c. Ashman. of Grub Hill.
entertained at birthday supper
Sunday in honor of her son Eddie's
seventeenth birthday Guests were
Norma Rae Kidd, Joe Ben White,
Paul Bennett, of Crewe, Gail Ash
man, Ruby Ashman and Gray Nor
man. of Cumberland.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. Garland Hutche-
son were in Roanoke Monday and
Tuesday for the Dairy Products
association meeting. They returned
Thursday.
Mr.. aid Mrs. Thomas Stark, Jr.,
went to Roanoke Wednesday to at
ted the Virginia State Dairymen's
association meeting there Thursday
and Friday.
Mrs. P. Ellis Williams and Mrs.
Eunice Motley. home demonstra-
ton agent and assistant home agent,
of Amelia. went to Lynchbrug Tues
day for training meeting on new
methods in canning and freezing.
P-TA Sees Skit
A meeting of the Amelia Parent
Teacher association was held in the
War Memorial building Monday.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25

Mr.. and Mrs. Milton Keeton. OF
Richmond formerly Of this COM
rnunity, ar the parents Of son
born last week.
January Is, the Woman's Mission
airy Society and the Mamie Bland
David circle began the observance
of focus week by presenting pro-
gram. The program chairman. Mrs.
Oliver c. Lippy. gave an introduce
tory talk on the purpose of focus
week and the fundamentals of the
work. The fundamentals were pre-
sented as follows: prayer, Mrs.
Clara Nelson; stewardship, Mrs. M.
N. Bradley, Jr.; mission study. Mrs
Marion j. Parker, and community
missions. Mrs. A. G. Smith, Jr.
Mr.. and Mrs, R. E, Allison have
planned a sale of their Holstein
dairy herd and dairy equipment. as
we'll as farm equipment. at their
farm Saturday Feb. 16, at 1890
m. Jefferson Home Demonstration
club is making plans to have lunch
available.
If you have not already sent in
your contribution for the march OF
dimes, be sure to get it in the mail
right away
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25
Amelio News & SocioI Events
Formation OF Nep HID Club
Considered In Amelia c. Fl.
IS & Social Events

Mrs. Robert Willis and Mrs. Glenn
Snow visited Il r Cain at Nc
Cure Hospital in Richmond. where
be was a patient for about two
weeks. He is recovering and is back
at home now.
NJ. Sgt. and Mrs. c. T. Grow, of
Hampton, were week end guests Of
Mrs. Crows mother, Mrs. Harry
Marlowe, recently.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. f. Parsons and
daughter, Burt. spent last week end
in Richmond as the guests Of her
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25
BUILDING PEAK

A record S44. $50, 900, 900 was spent
on construction in 1856. setting a
new money peak for the tenth sue
cessive year. The Commerce and
Labor departments have predictd
that construction outlay will soar to
a new peak of SAG, 500 ,0O0, 900 in 1857.
While more construction dollars
were spent than ever before. the
money bought less in 1856. with con-
struction costs somewhat higher
than in 1855.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25

parents Mr.. and Mrs. George R.
Williamson. Mr. williamson, who
has been Ill, is much improved and
hopes to be in Amelia soon.
Mr.. and Mrs. James E Allen
and children. Anne and Jimmy,
spent last week end in Berryville
visiting her brother. NJ T Wood,
ana Mrs. Wood. They went to Wash
ington Sunday for a visit with Mrs.
Aliens sister, Miss Emma PRIDE
Wood
Village Garden Club held its Janu-
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25

Mrs. Patty Jackson and Mrs. c. D.
Weisiger, of the nutrition committee
of the Amelia county extension serv-
ice board, put on a skit emphasizing
the Importance of good nutrition
Mrs. James t. O'Neal spent a
few days last week at Virginia
Beach with Mr.. and Mrs. G, s. Hall.
Mrs. w. j Royal, j o. McMil-
lion and Mr. and Mrs. Harold Os
borne spent the week end in Mt
Airy, N. c.. with relatives.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1957-01-25
Jefferson News Social Events
Shiloh Park Superintendent
Visits His Parents At Jefferson

Week end guests of Mr.. and Mrs
c. N. Pitts, and family. were MIR
and Mrs. ] w. Patterson. of Airing
ton. who are on their way to Cali
fornia. where Patterson has been
transferred. On Sunday other guests
were MIR. and Mrs. Ernest Upshaw
and sons, OF Caroline County, Mr..
and Mrs Tommy Wood and son,
of Richmond, and Earl Wiltshire,
of Gum Springs.
Guests of Mr.. and Mrs Montelle
Jackson, and family, Sunday were
Miss Annie D. Harvey. Clyde Har-
vey and Mrs j. D. Harvey. and
son, all of Lovingston.
R. A. Cosby. v. L. Sprouse, M. N.
Bradley. Jr., and Mrs A. G. Smith,
Jr., all attended services at Salem
Baptist church in Caroline county
on Sunday morning They had din
ner in Richmond before returning
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tommy Herndon,
and daughter, Debbie, of Beaumont.
spent the week end with Mr. and
Mrs. Max Kilby
Telephone Tells of Fire
Oliver c. Lippy received quite an
alarming message about 1890 a m.
Sunday morning when his telephone
rang and said that the home of his
parents. Mr., and Mrs. o. c. Lippy,
at Maidens was on fire. Two units
of the fire department of Goochland
County responded quickly to the call
and got it out successfully before
too much damage was done The
fire was confined to the area of a
chimney and most of the damage
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-27
Philips Ex-Aide
Plans Visit Here

LONDON. June ~ R.-Lt.
Comdr. Michael Parker, who
quit his job as Prince Philips
secretary when the word got
out he and his wife had split.
is flying to the United States
this week to visit his brother.
The brother, Group Capt. p. A.
Parker. is Australian air attache
in Washington.
Comdr. Parker resigned his
palace post four months ago
because the Church of England
requires British royalty to dis
approve officially of broken mar
riages. But he and the Prince
have remained firm friends.
Comdr. Parker's trip to Amer
lea was described as purely
lprivate"-no connection with the
visit Queen Elizabeth II and her
husband will pay to President
and Mrs. Eisenhower in October