davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Getting Ready
For the Show

Washington spent last week doll
ing up for its quadrennial spec
tacle, the presidential inaugural.
Most items were taken care of
well in advance. Grandstand seats
for the parade tomorrow had been
up for some weeks, and 80 detec-
tives had been imported to keep an
eye on the pickpockets who invari-
ably show up to see the President
take Office. Society columnists
were busying themselves with de-
scriptions of the Inaugural Ball
gowns and accoutrements of ladies
of ofilcialdom.
The only sour note was the wave
of protest from press. radio and
television, which have been barred
from the official administering of
the oath TO Mr.. Eisenhower today.
Only his family and close friends
were to be present at the private
White House ceremony.
Innkeepers and cab drivers who
had been looking for big bonanza
were in for a letdown. The crowds
just were not showing up in the
numbers that came here four years
ago 10 see the first Republican in
20 years inaugurated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

DR.. Charles F. Kettering, of General
Motors, one-time school teacher
who invented the self-starter and
auto ignition system in an old barn.
Vice chairman is Dr.. Oliver Buck
ley, head of Bell Laboratories. and
secretary is Lawrence Langner,
president of the Theatre Guild and
an international patent attorney.
Another member, DR. Frederick M.
Feiker. dean emeritus of the George
Washington University School of
Engineering, is an authority on
forts and camoufiage devices.
Now They're Transforming
Newest member is Alex Osborn,
a New York advertising executive
and president of the Creative Ed
ucation Foundation. Mr.. Osborn is
the inventor OF "brainstormi
technique for getting people to
think up solutions to problems in
an atmosphere free from criticism.
He claims that certain percentage
of the ideas he gets through brain
storming" are pretty good ones, and
he plans to use his system TO find
answers to military questions.
In a recent pilot experiment, he
"brainstormed" engineers attending
an alumni meeting of the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology.
In 80 minutes. Osborn said, he had
obtained more than 800 solutions
to military problems. More re-
Gently, his staff "brainstormed"
officers at Fort Belvoir.
The council feels that 1t might
offer more incentive to inventors
If 1t could make cash awards for
IDEAS which contribute to our mill
tary preparedness A bill was in
troduced on opening day OF Com
greSs to authorize such awards, but
until it is passed the council can
do little more than push a good
idea into the right military cham
mel. However, it keeps all submis-
sions confidential and does its best
to prevent the infringement OF in
ventors' rights.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Yemen, Newest Mideost Powder Keq,
Is a Wild Lond With a Iona History

On the oath Of last April, only
two days after the signing of the
Egypt-Saudi Arabia Yemen pact
in Jiddah, the Yemeni government
announced that the Signatories to
the pact were resolved to oppose
British occupation of the offshore
Red Sea island of Kamaran, even
to the extent of referring the ques-
ton to the United Nations Secu-
rity Council. The disputed island
lies less than 21a miles off the
shores OF Yemen and $50 miles
north of the Crown Colony of Alden.
Until 10 years ago, it served as a
stopping station for thousands of
MoSlem pilgrims on their way to
Mecca. However, with the building
OF better facilities in Jiddah for
tine pilgrims, Kamaran's Importance
as a stopping station ceased to
exist.
The Yemeni government had a
representative there, although little
claim was made to it. Two years
ago, however, a British geologist
reported the possibility of finding
oil on Kamaran. A few months
later, a small British expedition
landed on it, claiming it to be part
of Alden.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
REVIEW OF THE WORLD SCENE

be withdrawn promptly from areas
they occupy after evacuation by
troops of Britain, France and Israel.
For the u N. to keep troops either
in the GAIA Strip or in the Aqaba
region, a change would have to be
negotiated with Egypt.
Israel's position has been against
any withdrawal from GAIA unless
there are U. N.-backed guarantees
that the Strip will no longer be
used as base for border raids. anG
from the Gulf of Aqaba unless the
same guarantees forbid reimposi-
ton of the Egyptian blockade of
Elath.
Yesterday the General Assembly
voted IA to 2 to approve a Is
nation resolution asking Secretary
General Dag Hammarskjold to eff
feet complete withdrawal of Israeli
forces from Egypt, and to report
results to the General Assembly
within five days. Presuma bly,, Mr..
Hammarskjold will use the resolu-
ton as the basis for new talks with
Col. Nasser.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
BY GERALD WARTNG

OTTAWA.-A Canadian royal
commission has recommended TN
portant changes In national policy
on resources development. foreign
investment capital and the export
Of electric power and raw materials
matters in which the United
States has great direct interest.
The proposals are the distillates
of an l8-month study of the
national economy by the Royal
Commission on Canada's Economic
Prospects. Object of the inquiry
was to forecast the kind Of country
Canada might be by 1880, for the
guidance Of governments and in
dustry.
Among the most far-reaching
suggestions of the Gordon COM
mission--so called after its chair
man, Toronto management consult
ant Walter L. Gordon-are those
dealing with the role and control
OF foreign money in Canada.
Foreign investment in Canada to-
tails about $14 billion, most of
1t American.
The commission reported serious
concern over the concentration of
foreign capital In important re-
sources and manufacturing indus
tries, especially oil and gas, some
sections of mining, smelling and
refining. automobiles. electrical APP
paratus and supplies. rubber prod
ucts and pulp and paper.
Hint at appropriation
Canadians are worried about
such large measure of economic
decision-making being in the hands
of nonresidents," the commission
said. 1t acknowledged that there
is little evidence to suggest that
foreign-controlled Canadian COM
panies are being operated in a
way which is at variance with the
best interest of Canada" but it
also warned that lit is not axio-
matte that this will always be the
case" It limited at appropriation
of such companies if they acted
against Canada's economic inter-
estS.
Canada needs and wants
foreign capital" the reprot said,
but we should like to see more
of it invested in bonds and mort
sages, and associated in some de-
gree with Canadian capital" and
less in the form of equity capital
controlling production facilities.
The commission urged foreign
controlled companies to Canadian
ize themselves by appointing Cana
dians to top posts and by utilizing
Canadian services and materials.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
COMMISSION REPORTS
Outside Financing
Worries Canada

1t said they should publish their
financial statements, and sell up to
Is per cent of the equity to Cana
dams.
The commission would require
foreigners applying for mining, oil
and timber rights to have Canadian
partners. and called for govern
ment action to prevent foreigners
from acquiring control of Canadian
banks and life insurance COM
panieS.
Would Control Exports
The commission proposed a sys-
TEN of export controls on metals
and minerals as an answer to
criticism that Canadians should
process their own resources instead
of shipping them abroad as raw
materials. The commission warned,
however, of the danger of losing
markets for raw materials without
gaining markets for processed
materials.
While several of the commissions
recommendations to the govern
ment might adversely disturb the
pattern of American economic
interests in Canada, the commits
sion foreSaw steady strengthen
ing Of Canadian-American trade
and other economic links. 1t also
suggested that the Canadian gov
ernment's long-standing policy of
refusing to permit electricity ex-
ports to the United States is too
rigid.
The ban on exporting surplus
hydroelectric power has been main
tanned in line with the proposition
which Trade Minister C. D. Howe
once stated thus: IF the Ameri-
cans want our power, let 'em build
their plants in Canada"
The Gordon commission would
permit exports for stated periods
in cases where markets larger than
the domestic market are needed
to make big new hydroelectric
projects feasible.
The commissions recommended
lions range broadly over the whole
economy, calling for a cutback in
wheat production. showdown in
irrigation projects, aid for under
developed areas. better land use,
subsidies for railroads, improved
educational facilities and many
other programs.
And by 1880 it visualized
nation of nearly 81 million people,
with the national product nearly
tripled, real income two-thirds
higher. and farmers working only
II hours a week; industrial workers
mere "a. The conditions: no
depression and no nuclear war.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
BY HUBERT KELLEY, JR.

Spurred by the ornaments race,
an intensive search is under way
for civilian inventions which can
be used by the military.
Leading the hunt for everything
from dehydrated meat to a portable
death ray is the National Inventors
Council, formed in Washington in
1910 by the Secretary of Commerce
as a link between the inventive
public and the armed forces.
BY and large, the "a private
citizens and three military men
who compose the council today are
famous inventors TIL m I've S,
though their ranks also include a
theatrical producer and an adver-
Using executive. Many of them
know what 1t is to be called a
"crackpot," and they are sympa-
thetic with the problems of the
part-time inventor
During World War II, the coun-
Gil passed along to the Army and
Navy hundreds of disable ideas. but
in recent years its mail has fallen
off.
Wanted. ldeos
1.-THE Government isn't getting
one-third of the ideas that 1t needs
from the general public" reports
John c. Green, director of the
Office of Technical Services and the
councils executive director.
He points out that while Gov
ernment-sponsored research con-
tributes much TO our ability to
stay ahead in an arms race, most Of
the revolutionary inventions Of
war have come from lone-wolf
civilians. The revolver was invent
ed by the civilian Colt, the first
rifle with Interchangeable parts by
civilian ELI Whitney, and the World
War II MI rifle by Garand. a civil
ian. Other civilians thought of the
screw propeller smokeless powder
and the torpedo.
To encourage civilians to submit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20


real purpose of the trip was to
dramatic to Congress the plight of
the hundreds Of thousands Of
stricken farm families in six
States. Capitol Hill probably will
get a special message on the prob
lem in coming weeks.
These were some of the condi-
tions the President encountered on
his tour:
. Millions of acres of pasture
land which once supported great
herds of cattle. but which today
grow not one blade of grass.
. Mountains of hay bales stacked
along roadsides near pastures. The
hay was purchased at premium
prices by cattlemen to feed animals
that once grazed peacefully and
cheaply In green-carpeted valleys.
. Entire counties where not one
green growing plant can be found.
. Rowboats sitting on parched
lands that once were the bottoms of
lakes
The Agriculture Department re-
ported III December that million
acres in l5-State area already
have been seriously damaged by
winds necessarily blowing away
life-giving' topsoil. The department
further reported that II conditions
remain the same in these Is States
during this winter and spring,
farmers may lose another 30 mil
lion acres Of topsoil to the winds.
Ten million Of these acres are in
Kansas alone, SIS million In Texas
and nearly S million in Colorado
The survey said that reports from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
BY NED MARTIN

During the last three weeks Brit
ain and Yemen have been accusing
each other of military attacks in
the disputed border area separating
the mountainous Arab country from
the British Protectorate of Alden.
That little war could develop into
major conflict with far-reaching
consequences.
1t is a conflict in which Britain,
having lost the Suez Canal, the
northern entrance to the Red Sea.
is desperately fighting to hold on
to the southern entrance.
If Britain should come out the
loser there is no guarantee against
the conflict spreading to the oil
rich sheikdoms Of the Persian Gulf,
which would leave England with
only one friend in the Arab world
Nuri el-Said Of Iraq. whose support
in the area today comes from his
non-Arab Middle East allies of the
Baghdad Pact.
Yemen, Britain's latest chal-
lenger in the Middle East, is today
backward though emerging coun-
try in the southwestern coastal re-
gion of the Arabian Peninsula. It's
past history. however, discloses a
flourishing civilization which con-
tributed significantly to the prog
ress of mankind.
Hos Long History
Yemens recorded history dates
back to the ancient Kingdom of
Minea which f1ourished between
5000 and $500 BIC. Early in the
Christian era. the new religion
gained ground in Yemen side by
side with Judaism imported by
refugees from Jerusalem following
the sack Of that city by Titus in
AID. 70.
Islam entered Yemen in AID. 628,
when Ali bin Abu-Talib, the neph-
ew Of Prophet Mohammed, occu-
pied the country and converted its
population. About 1900, the Turks
moved into Yemen and occupied
parts Of 1t but were never able to
subdue the whole country.
During the 18th and 10th CEN
turtles. Yemen closed its doors to
all foreigners and. except for &C.
casional clashes with Turkish forces
who occupied the coastal region,
the country remained isolated from
the rest of the world.
Following World War II, Yemen
found it difficult to maintain a
policy Of isolation. AS a first step
to break out of its shell, it joined
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Middle East:
GAIA Dispute

The United Nations moved last
week toward possible occupation by
the U. N. Emergency Force of the
GAIA Strip, on Israel's border. and
the shores OF the Gulf of Aqaba.
vital to Israel's port of Elath.
Israel, up to now adamant in re-
fusing to evacuate either the GAIA
Strip or the Gulf area, told the
General Assembly that Israeli
troops would leave only if U. N.
forces were permanently stationed
in both regions.
Egypt has insisted. with U. N.
concurrence, that the U. N. units
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

sequently. Mr.. Macmillan's remarks
after receiving an honorary degree
at Indiana University. 10 miles from
here, in ceremonies hastily ar
ranged for the morning of his visit,
drew rapt attention.
Our great countries - England
and America-had their civil war:
the War of Independence, you called
it. I should add that my mother
was intensely proud that she was
descended on her mothers side
from Reid who was a signatory
OF the Declaration OF Independ-
ence. The American Rebellion,
I suppose we called 1t. The Amer
lean Revolution, our English his
torians now call IT," he explained
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

Continued From Page AIS
decreed that strikers faced the
d1ath penalty at the hands of sum-
mary courts. The sweeping order
covers strikes. illegal intrusion.
lettering. damaging or conspirinp
to damage" utilities. factories OF
mines.
A special United Nations survey
mission last week confirmed the
precarious condition Of Hungary's
economy. The team reported to
the U. N. that $50 million in i'm
mediate assistance was necessary to
tide the battered nation over the
next six months to alleviate an
acute food shortage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

alive Party opinion. and a message
Of encouragement from his old war;
time friend, President Eisenhower.
The new Tory Cabinet retains
Selwyn Lloyd. one of the architects
of the disastrous Suez adventure,
as Foreign Secretary. For the rest,
no appointment lends support to
the belief that the Macmillan gov
eminent will depart in any essential
respect from the general policies of
the departed Sir Anthony Eden.
Mr.. Macmillan. in a broadcast
to his countrymen on Thursday.
ruled out satellite" status for
Britain in her relations with the
United States. but praised true
partnership"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

IT know it is very bold for an
Englishman, even of Scottish de-
scent, as I am. to mention these
things at all. Fifty years ago they
would not have been at all in good
taste; but quite lot has happened
in those years. The two countries
to which l owe, from my double
family tradition, an equal loyalty
Britain and the United States
have been partners and allies in
two great struggles"
Equal loyalty he said" was
the startled comment made by peo-
pie here. What American leader
would dare say such thing in
Britain?" they asked.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
BY MARY LOU WERNER


The latest Federal court deci-
sions on school segregation offer
Virginia Republicans potent ammu-
milton for this years guhernatorial
campaign.
With each new edict, State
@. o. q. leaders look wiser for op-
posing Democratic Gov. Stanley's
complicated program to preserve
segregation.
In fact, it is beginning to appear
that the State would be lot fur
Their from indignation had the Re-
publicans. plus some intrepid DEM
ocrats, won their way.
If the Republicans start getting
that message across to Virginia
segregation-minded voters, the Dem
ocrats are apt to wish they had
done more calm thinking and less
wild shouting when it was decided
what course the State would follow
in meeting the Supreme Court de-
segregation decision.
The anti-integration legislation
that was adopted in Virginia-over
Republican opposition has failed
to survive its first court test.
Flat Rejection
Federal Judge Walter E. Hoffman
held in the Newport News and
Norfolk desegregation cases that
the States new pupil placement
law was unconstitutional on its
face" because it was part of pro-
gram concocted to prevent any in
tegration whatsoever.
Under Virginla's pupil placement
plan. a three-member State board
appointed by the Governor is sup
posed to make student assignments
fer a variety of reasons-excluding
race.
Considered alone, this plan might
have held up as a workable answer
to the Supreme Court edict. But
Judge Hoffman had other issues to
weigh. The State didn't Just adopt
a pupil placement program Other
measures, backed by Gov. Stanley,
were enacted to close schools when
any indignation occurs, and to with
hold State funds from any inte-
grated schools.
The pattern is plain" said
Judge Hoffman, the Legislature
has .dopted procedures to defeat"
the Supreme Court desegregation
decision
OF course, Judge Hoffman's
opinion isn't final and will be APP
pealeo. 1t is also possible that
Judge Sterling Hutchinson will take
a more favorable view of the pupil
placement program when he rules
on the pending Prince Edward
County deSegregation on case. He
is not bound by Judge Hoffman's
decision as both courts are at the
same level.
But for the time being at least
it looks like the Republicans can
have a hey-day reminding voters
how Virginas Democratic organi-
cation has led the State on a down.
Alll4 HgnC against lnCegratlon, with
naught to show for it save a brief
case full of lost lawsuits.
I Told You So
Republican State Senator Ted
Dalton of Radford, who collected
All per cent of the popular vote
against Gov. Stanley In the last
gubernatorial campaign and who
Is expected to be the G. o. P.
candidate again this year, can even
point to what has occurred and
say Il told you So"
Senator Dalton was among the
first to warn that the Stanley anti
indignation plan was illegal. Sen
ator Dalton and Senator Armistead
Boothe of Alexandria, a Democrat.
co-sponsored a different brand of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
MIDWEST CONSTITUENCY
Spencer Is Proud Of Ne||ie's Bow

friends and cousins, and took her
visitors to see the Macmillan pub
fishing house.
A number of anecdotes about
Harold Macmillian's recent visit
here still make the rounds. When
the collection pie ., was passed at
church, he fumbled in his pocket,
and finding nothing but British
money, the then chancellor of
Britain's exchequer borrowed
coin from Robert Mason, British
consul general in Chicago.
Equal LoyoIty'
Politically, this is "isolationist
country" where the voting major
ity has reflected more than once a
belief that Britain is always try
ing to draw us into trouble" Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Spectacular Trip

On Friday. three sleek, swept
wing B-52s of the Strategic Air
Force glided to a stop on the run
ways of March Air Force Base in
Southern California. The huge
eight-jet superbombers had taken
off from Castle Air Force Base near
MERGED. Calf, only As hours before,
and had encircled the globe, making
a simulated nuclear bomb drop in
the sea off Singapore en- route.
The world-girdling exploit was
viewed as % a demonstration to
the Russians that the bomb drop
off Malaga could just as easily have
been made in Communist territory,
and 90 a demonstration to Con-
gress that the Air Force would like
some more money for SAC.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Around
The World

Britain's new Prime Minister,
Harold Macmillan, started his ad-
ministration of Her Majesty's gov
eminent last week with cabinet
representing all shades of Conserv-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
REVIEW OF THE WEEK

276 counties in the area showed
that 1.-THE supply of soil moisture
was inadequate for crop production
in about 80 per cent of the coun-
ties"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

power to the Commerce Department
which was so effective that the
men who unpacked 1t were scratch
ing for days.
The council members who set
policy for. the STAFF represent every
branch Of science. Chairman is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
There Are Blood Ties

There Are Blood Ties
Though Alden never was politically
part of Yemen, its inhabitants are
mostly Yemenis and, consequently.
Yemen lays claim to it plus the ter
rltories already seized from her. On
both sides Of the vaguely-defined
border with Alden live nomadic tribes
whose allegiance has always been
in question. What has been taking
place during the last 10 years is
competition between British and
Yemeni authorities to win the tribes
over. Friction during the last decade
has been built up to the present
serious conflict.