davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13

ment Of the Wagner Act. In the follow
ing decade union abuses of newly won
power led to passage of the Taft-Hartley
Act. Since then the racketeers have come
to the surface, but they, too, are heading
for reckoning with the legislative power
of the Congress. In another decade or so
1t probably will be something else. But
as the need for corrective action becomes
clear, we can expect that the correction
will be forthcoming.
One point made by Senator Mcclellan
supports this belief He said that since
his investigation was started the sub
committee has received some 10000 COM
plants of wrongdoing, of which rs per
cent came from rank and file union
members What this means is that you
can push the average American around
Just so long, and then he starts pushing
back-a very wholesome trait in a society
which wants to remain free.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Sensible Breakdown

The Juvenile Court is justified in
adopting tough" policy in dealing with
teen-agers whose trafic records show
they cannot safely be trusted at the
wheel Of an automobile. The policy, first
announced by Acting Juvenile Court
Judge Beard, has been Endorsed by the
new Judge of that court, Orm Ketcham.
The plan is to impound for 80 days or
longer the permit of any juvenile driver
whose recklessness has been demon
strated in repeated traffic cases or in
particularly fragrant violation.
Judge Beard told one such offender
that repeated traffic violations are
strong indication of intellectual imma-
turity and emotional instability. Such
persons, he rightly held, should not be
allowed to operate an automobile on the
public streets until they are able to con-
vince the court that they are ready to
assume the responsibilities that 60 with
the privilege" Of driving a car. The new
policy will be protection not only for
irresponsible young drivers but for the
public at large.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
'Gongsterism Economy

Senator Mcclellan was careful To
qualify his recent "gangsterism economy"
remarks. What he said, referring to the
racketeering exposed by his committee,
was this: IF left alone, unchecked and
unrestrained. with the momentum it has
already gained, we could be heading for
gangsterism economy in America"
This unquestionably is true. The
danger is real as long as labor racketeers
can conspire with crooked politicians and
INSCRIPTIONS businessmen to browbeat
honest workers and honest businessmen,
and, In the next step, to compel the pub
lie to foot the bill. We do not believe,
however, that this sort Of thing will be
permitted to go unchecked and unre-
strained" for long.
This country is now in the midst
OF another swing of the pendulum-a
pendulum which seems destined to keep
swinging from one extreme to the other.
First, as far as recent history is con-
ferned, were the abuses by management
ABUSES which were corrected by enact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Winning Speaker

Our press. usually alert in
noting newsworthy item S.
really missed when they failed
to give special attention to the
visit on April 30 of one of the
most interesting. vital and
enterprising young" women
tShe's only 70 by her own adj
miSsion) this writer has yet to
meet.
I'm referring to Mrs. Alice
B. Morgan. who spoke at a
United States Chamber OF
Commerce luncheon that day
at the Mayfiower Hotel. Some
readers may remember her as
a winner on the "a 900 DOL
lar Question" television pro-
gram. All of those attending
the April 80 luncheon will re-
member her as a winner
period! Her talk was stimulat-
ing. entertaining. brief-and
Of immense Importance to
every one Of us in this coun-
try today. Or has individual
initiative gone so far down
the welfare state road that il
can't even hear the sound OF
freedoms ring?
Bring this grand old glory
OF a lady back--snd put her
up to address a Joint session
of Congress. We all need her
sound. down-to-earth advice,
administered in a way no one
who has heard her will ever
forget.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
G. 0. P. in Dixie

The President, we suppose, felt that
he had to make his pep talk to the South
ern Republicans assembled in Louisville,
and, II so, he could hardly have done
otherwise than adopt the up-and-at- EN-
theme. But Mr.. Eisenhower is kidding
himself, and only himself, if he really
thinks the Republican Party is approach
Ing the promised land in Dixie.
It may be true that in 1910 the Re-
publican presidential candidate won only
20 per cent of the vote in IL Southern
States, as against 48 per cent in 1856.
But there Is not much significance in
this. For in 1910 Wendell Willkie, little
known. in the South, was running against
the unbeatable Franklin D. Roosevelt, and
on the eve of war at that. In 1856, Dwight
Eisenhower, another unbeatable candi-
date, was running against Adlai Steven
son, who was not exactly the South's man
Of the hour. If the Democrats come up
with a reasonably acceptable candidate
in 1860, we cannot think of any Repub-
lican nominee who would have a ghost
OF chance Of even approaching the
Eisenhower showing.
Inc u. ~. r. problem In Dixie, how
ever, is not simply one of personalities.
1t goes lot deeper than that. The Pres
ident, in a real flight to Wonderland,
urged the Southern Republicans ito get
young men and women interested in run
ming for off1ce-not only for Governor
and for the Senate and House-but for
every local office as we'll" He also Stipu-
lated that these candidates for State and
national office must believe with "fervor"
in the Republican cause.
Now, as a practical matter, what does
this mean? One of the Republican causes
is the civil rights legislative program.
This program, politically speaking, has
been good medicine north of the Mason
Dixon line. But it is sure poison, again
speaking politically, in the South, and
no Republican candidate who believes
with fervor in this Republican cause, and
who openly supports it, has the slightest
chance Of being elected.
Time and the emergence of a signif-
cant Negro vote in the South may change
this picture. But the Republicans as of
now are suffering from too severe case
Of split political personality. The Demo-
Gratis, with all of their own internal
troubles, can be expected to stage come
back in the South when the Dixie voters
have to put away those I-Like-Ike"
buttons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Postal Rate Delay

The House Post ONCE Committee,
after approving postal-rate increases for
first and third class mail, has been unable
so far to make up its mind on proposed
increase in second-class postage Why
there should be any uncertainty over
including second-class mail in the rate
revision bill is not clear. Mail in this
category newspapers and magazines) is
contributing to the billion dollar
annual postal deficit and logically should
bear its share Of any rate increase de-
signed to reduce that deficit.
1t is true that newspapers and maya
zines for many years have been given
preferential rate treatment under the
traditional Government policy OF en-
couraging the dissemination Of public
information through a postal subsidy.
However, the administration does not
wish to discontinue this satisfactorily
revise 1t In the light of realistic postal
economics. The fact that must be faced
Is that second-class mail represents %
per cent Of the weight of all mail carried,
yet produces only per cent Of the postal
revenues. We agree with President
Eisenhower and Postmaster General
Summerfield that the huge deficit of the
Post ONCE Department calls for an
across-the-board rate rise-now. Con-
gress has sidestepped this problem too
long.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13

U. N. r. A. and through
United States foreign economic
aid. And man wastes his top
soil but knowledge spreads and
he learns new techniques to
cultivate his topsoil without
wasting it. We have even
learned from the extinction
Of the buffalo in that now we
have game laws and national
parks to preserve other species.
Man is not stupid or smart.
Rather. man is hope. he is
potential, he is change. He
should. instead of downgrad-
ing this changing aspect (call-
ing it stupidity, for example)
take it to heart as something
to be improved upon.
1t is people like Mr.. Bishop
who decry our present status
but who fail to see the poten-
tialities in man which can lead
him to a more serene life.
Stephen A. Weisman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
In Behalf of Man

In one OF your recent edi-
tons I read an article by Jim
Bishop decrying the human
race. calling it basically stupid.
! ind this idea Objectionable,
as l am unable to see a stand
ard OF unstupidness. perfect
knowledge. beatitude (call il
what you may on this earth
upon which TO base such a
Judgment. Man. to me. has
always been Judged upon what
he has known in the past
compared to what he knows in
the present.
True. there have been wars
IN the past and possibilities
for war loom ever present in
the future, but man tries for
peace In the U. N. Yes. chill
dren starve on the other side
OF the earth, but others more
fortunate try to feed them
through organizations such as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13

elevated ceilings. "As each
new cluster begins the initial
slender hanging threads may
become ropes which extend to
the ground, depending upon a
continued flow of traffic to
the place. AS the ropes con-
tinue to grow they are Joined
together into a single column
mar mass. At first this mass is
small in diameter, but as more
and more ants pour into it the
wall spreads outward from the
center. and so a symmetrical
cylinder results"
In the tropical environment
of the army ants some sort Of
air conditioning is necessary
for comfortable living - per-
haps, with this particular spe-
cies, for any living at all. It
has been well developed dur
ing the more than 70 million
years the social insects have
been on earth. Says DR..
Schneirla:
Central Resting Place
THE interior of the bivouac.
where the brood is sheltered
and the single colony queen
rests. offers an impressively
stable environment to these
more susceptible members of
the community as we'll as a
central resting place for the
worker population. The hang
ing cluster traps a cubic area
OF atmosphere which does not
reach the extremes of temper
allure and dryness attained by
the general forest environ
ment, but in general is some
what cooler and drier at night
and somewhat warmer and
more humid during the day.
This result is achieved
mainly as a result of worker
behavior Workers cluster
more closely together at night
IN reaction to the lower tenn
peratures of the forest at that
time, the bivouac walls be-
come tighter and better con-
serve heat produced internally
(by the brood in particular.
Conversely. after dawn, when
increasing light excites grow
ing numbers of ants to leave
the bivouac walls, as the raid
grows, this wall thins out, usu-
ally develops small apertures,
and is undercut at the bottom.
The effect is to increase the
internal air circulation as we'll
as to cool the atmosphere in
the interior through evapora-
ton so that the internal tenn
perature Of the bivouac does
not rise to the height reached
at midday in the environs. The
incubation properties of the
bivouac represent an important
factor in Eciton life. for with
less regular atmospheric con-
ditions in the nest, the stages
OF brood development could
not have their typical regular
ity in timing"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Tax Revolt

Your issue Of May 6. under
the caption Tax Revolt !" had
a letter from Paul McIlvaine
stating he would like to have
me explain where we will
get the money to operate the
Government if the income tax
amendment is repealed. He
adds that he would be glad
to Join the march toward a
brave. new. tax-free world if
I could explain how we can
eat our cake and have
it too"
I do not expect that all
income taxes will be abolished.
but I do hope to get a COM
mittee hearing, and report
out a recommended amend
ment to at least, in the near
future. limit the income tax.
Just as one does not live
exclusively on cake, so the
Government does not exist
solely upon the income tax.
II 1t is necessary to cut down
on cake in order to get more
bread, potatoes. and meat
more than one family has
demonstrated its ability to do
Just that. And without harm
to the family's health or
pleasure.
Cake is sometimes fatten-
ing-and an apparent excess
OF tax dollars quite often leads
TO the undue fattening Of the
bureaucratS and their activi-
ties-to the demands of other
countries that we. the tax
PAYERS Of this country, assume
a large part of their burden.
l do not think Paul need
worry overmuch about nv
suggestion being. another
Ruise for the old dodge of do
ing away with the rich mans
income tax and saddling the
poor man with a sales tag
unless he has forgotten that
from some rich boys can be
taken 80 per cent of their in
come Nor should Paul forget
that. unless an individual and
a corporation can have a few
extra dollars not touchable by
tax. new businesses cannot be
created and old ones enlarged
nor the number of available
JOBS continue to be created.
As Paul suggests. govern
mental planning is necessary.
but it does not follow that the
most advantageous plan is To
either share the wealth or
adopt a plan which will pre-
vent progress and expansion.
Apparently Paul thinks that
the average business or cor
poration needs a guardian.
Clare Z. Hoffman.
Representative from Michigan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
School Maintenance

Inc current budget discus
sions in Arlington have re-
vealed that Arlington's soar
ing school costs. particularly
in nonclassroom expenditures,
are due in large measure to
inefiiciencieS and mismanage-
ment. The most glaring ex-
ample was the fact that our
new schools. which we were
told would cut custodial costs,
have under present manage
ment done nothing of the sort.
Arlington's custodial costs are
actually so per cent to Sc per
cent more than other schools
in the area.
Since the same people who
told us they could save us on
custodial help are still in con-
troll Of the spending. perhaps
we need a housekeeping at
the top. After it was revealed
that the so-called efficiency in
Arlington schools was a myth.
I secured budget to see IL
the other half of the story
about our expensive schools
was true that they would be
economical to maintain, re-
quire at most a minimum OF
maintenance). I am sure any
Arlingtonian who looks on
Page 48 Of the school budget
will be shocked - almost a
quarter Of a million dollars
requested in salaries. just for
maintenance Of these costly
but economical (?) -to-main-
tain buildingsl The school
boards request is for 81 full
time personnel in the main
tenance service for Arlington
schools! The 10 men listed
under general maintenance are
surely understandable. but in
our brick, glass block. concrete
and tile buildings when the
list goes on to include in ad-
ditional categories the follow
ing-full-time carpenters ts),
full-time painters t9). full
time electricians t5). full-time
plumbers and helpers co.. and
on and on for a total of 81. the
list surely makes our brick,
concrete. glass block. tile and
stone buildings appear to need
maintenance galore.
Enlightened Parent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Architect Ants Wizard Home Builders
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

There are architect ants that
build aforementioned hanging
houses out of the structural
bricks Of their own bodies.
They are described by DR..
T. C. Schneirla of the American
Museum of Natural History in
a report issued by the Smith
sonian Institution
These ants are the Ecitons,
one of the two species of army
ants. Of Barre Colorado island.
the Smithsonian's wild life
preserve in the Canal Zone.
They are well-known through
the military efficiency and
ruthlessness Of their raids.
Their home building behavior
is unique in nature.
Live Within Selves
Without any active exca-
waiting and without any man.
ipulating Of fallen materials,
DR.. Schneirla says, colonies
of these species form a DOM
icile with their own bodies.
A typical bivouac is a CYL
indrical mass hanging as most
Of them do from the underside
of some projecting surface to
the ground. In addition to the
sides or under surface of logs,
other typical places are the
spaces between buttressed tree
roots, masses of brush, or even
the undercut banks of streams
beds or the overhanging edge
of a rock.
THE characteristic Eciton
ability to cluster their bodies.
as well as the manner of clus-
tering. depends first of all
upon an anatomical character
istic. the opposed recurved
hooks present on the terminal
tarsal segments of the workers
legs The first ants to set
tie in a new place catch into
a rough or soft surface by
means Of their tarsal hooks.
or rather are pulled into this
anchored position as new
corners run upon them as they
stand and stretch them out in
a hanging position. In fact,
the hooks are really anchored
by the added weight of others
that have crawled down over
the body Of the first ant, fix
ing 1t in place and soon i'm
mobilizing it,"
In the nomadic phase a
new bivouac is formed at the
end Of each day of raiding,
and this is a most interesting
event to watch. In the ad-
vanced and most complicated
stages of raiding in the after
noon, caches Of booty tend to
be formed at each busy juno
ton Of raiding trails, increas-
ing in size as more and more
ants are knocked around and
forced out Of traffic. AS dark
ness comes and raiding ceases.
such clusters grow" Several
hanging clusters start from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13

He may congratulate him.
self, although he probably
won't.
1t is easier for a camel to
go through the eye of a needle
than for some people to re-
pent Of anything.
Maybe this ugly trait was
what Jones was seeing in the
other.
1t is pleasant to see ugly
traits in others!
1t may be helpful, too, il
one does not carry 1t too far
and suffer the inevitable
collapse.
Heart vessels are not the
only things to collapse. There
is an eternal collapsing going
on all the time everywhere.
Walls know it. and SO do
turtles; the big blue jays COL
lapse if they do not keep their
wings going. and great officials
bend at the knees and have
to go to hospitals because of
"overwork." the papers say,
but really it is some kind of
inner collapse not carried in
the medical books.
$50
Do not collapse little by
little.
If you go in for collapsing,
do 1t in a big way, and retire
to Australia or someplace
when you do.
The little daily turns from
good humor and kindness do
a great deal more harm.
They do it because they sour
life at the place it begins. in
the bloodstreap.
They achieve destruction
because they slow the breath
ing rate. and make one less
bouyant.
If you catch yourself think
ing, Why. you so and So"
know that your own safety is
in question.
Such thinking may result in
what the doctors call a vascu-
lar accident. which may be
far, far worse than a street
accident with honking cars
and police and angry words
all around.
Be sure not to overdo, even
in good doing.
Temp Jones knows the right
way. He didn't say to himself.
Why, the guy may be an
angel" He knew better.)
He just said, Il guess the
poor fellow is sick"
That was all, but 1t did 1t.
1t Immediately restored Jones
to normal everyday sanity,
filtered and flbred his blood,
as Walt Whitman put 1t. and
let him breathe again.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Tribute to q Teacher

There is much TO be said
about the child who is kept
back In school to repeat a
grade. There is, perhaps, even
more to be said about the one
who is promoted when he
should have repeated. Because
have seen the result OF both
cases, I should like to share
this valuable experience with
others.
Our son at the end OF his
second-grade year was simply
not ready for third-grade work.
He had been struggling in the
low reading group. His birth
day being in the fall. he
started school practically on
his fifth birthday, which. for
some children. obviously pre-
sents a problem. They are not
as mature as the child who is
several months older when he
begins school.
Fortunately, his wise and
understanding teacher recon-
mended that he repeat. We
agreed with her 100 per cent.
believing that any child who
has to struggle constantly to
grasp the work all through his
schooling years soon becomes
obsessed with an inferior feel
ing or just gives up.
This child repeated the Sec
ond grade and for all the many
ways 1t has helped him we
shall forever feel grateful to
this teacher. who cared enough
to make this recommendation.
He is now in the upper half Of
his class In the third grade, he
understands and grasps the
work much better and. most
important Of all. he is at ease
and happy.
Anc now-the case OF the
other child ! know, who has
been promoted regardless Of
whether he knew the work.
This boy is in the ninth grade
In Wheaton School. For some
Of his subjects he goes to the
back Of the room for nonclass-
participation written NTH
grade work. am not one TO
say where the real trouble lies
In a case like this. but I do
know II is a sad case. This boy
needed help and encourage
ment somewhere in his earlier
years and did not get 1t. Often
needed help cannot be recog-
nized by busy parents and this
is why ! consider really good
teachers O blessing.
The wise and understand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Templeton Jones was
shocked the other day to find
himself looking over at an
Office mate and saying to him.
self, Why, you mean looking
DEVIL"
Like most people, Jones had
been a lifetime trying to pre-
vent any such frank assess
ment.
Life goes along better for
most of us if we try to see the
best side of people. things,
governments and acts.
It is possible to have a good
life of a sort with a cynical
approach to it. but most per-
sons in this troubled world do
better for themselves and
others If they make it as bright
as possible.
One easy way of doing this
is to have as favorable an
an opinion of others as pos
sible.
Be shocked, as Temp Jones
was. if you suddenly come up
with a plainly outraged opinion
Of another. especially if he
has done nothing particular
against you.
Too much time is wasted to-
day, Jones says. in spreading
rancor in places where it is
not deserved.
With so much evil going on
everywhere. why not save the
real wrath for those who
deserve 1t?
We are such stuff as dreams
are made of. somebody said.
Was 1t Wordsworth?
But we are. Fortunately, more
than dreams.
We are solid. at least we
seem so. and we are wonder
fully made. the Psalmist de-
clared.
Such plain facts make us
act and react in the marvel
GUS way we call living.
To live. one may think, is to
be attracted and repulsed.
Sometimes the latter is the
easy way. One can be re-
pulsed by a smile, a look even
or by a frown.
One can be repealed by a
grin. a profile. or a grimace.
One can be rebuffed by
nothing much. and outraged
by mistake made by some
one else. Our own mistakes
are not so bad.
-
Old Jones, perched in his
executives desk, and feeling
slightly ashamed of himself
for mentally calling another
an ugly looking devil, at least
is repentant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13
Bright Omen

Yesterday our old apple tree
Stood bare IN sicct and rain
Whose chilly blasts beat
mourntullv
Al door and tOindop- pane.
NoD gentle breeses tap outside
Our sun-inuitin0 door
And ,De are glad to open Dide
To the bright omen there.
Charlotte B. Wells
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-13

United States corporations
with assets of 81 billion or
more. and in 1856 there were
81 OF them. This could be fig
ured as an average Of 3.8
firms added per year. Four
were added in 1856: the num-
Der actually added in 1855
was seven. The Bell Telephone
system continues To lead the
list, with assets of over 1852
billion. Newcomers in 1856
were Massachusetts Investors
Trust, Chesapeake a. Ohio
Railway, Detroit Bank a. Trust.
and Tennessee Gas Transmits
sion Company.