davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
THE NATIONAL SCENE
Continued from Page A-25

Continued from Page AIS
A-27. was awful to behold. The
President Of the National Guard
Association. Mai. Gen. Ellard A.
Walsh. shouted damn lie" and
Guard officials in several States
and politicians in and out of Wash
ington joined in. President Eisen-
hover at his Wednesday news
conference. found Mr.. Wilson guilty
Of a very unwise statement"
For Mr., Wilson. no stranger to
such pyrotechnic displays. there
was nothing new in all this.
His proclivity for the lightning
rod remark first was shown even
before he took Office. He told Sena-
tors looking into his nomination
that he always thought what was
good for our country was good for
General Motors and vice versa"
Democrats leaped on the vice
versa" and soon they we're joyfully
quoting him as having said:
whats good for General Motors is
good Tor the country.
Subsequently there followed his
"bird dog VS.. kennel dog" figure Of
speech. his description Of the For
mosan crisis as Just little ripple"
a reference to a Democratic defense
budget proposal as "phony," the
observation that he had rather go
to church" than meet the press, and
his expressed view that 1.-THE Re-
publican Party can stand three or
four honest men besides President
Eisenhower" latter comment
being one which displeased not a
few Old Guard Republicans.
Something new and refreshing
was added to the National Guard
episode. Mrs. Wilson came to her
husbands defense with forth
rightness that set Washington
buzzing and immensely pleased her
husband.
She told Isabelle Shelton of The
Star that she was indignant over
Mr.. Eisenhowers rebuke. adding
that II think the President should
have stood back of Mr.. Wilson in
stead of spending his time COM
menting on how wonderful Foster
Dulles has BEEN"
Meanwhile, a number Of infiuen-
tial Republicans. including such
faithful Eisenhower stalwart as
Senator George Aiken Of Vermont,
expressed dissatisfaction with Mr..
Wilson. The Secretary, said Sena-
tor Aiken. had greatly impaired"
his usefulness.
On Friday. Mr.. Wilson denied
that he had intended to cast any
reflection on individual National
Guardsmen. However, he stuck to
his criticism Of "a system that tends
TO perpetuate this low STANDARD OF
training and readiness" in the
Guard.
lie added that he recognized the
"great contribution" the Guard
made in the Korean War. but that
there was no denying that the
Cuardsnlen who were not modified
during the war had much easier
time of 1t than volunteers or draf-
tees into the active services.
He left a decision on whether this
was a backdown or not 10 his adj
versaries and the public. He also
eiled 10 give any hint as TO The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
AS GUARDED AS FORT
Care and Comfort Are the Wotchwords of CoIumbine Ill

Columbine normally is kept on two
hour call but extra gasoline can
be added to be ready for a long
trip within so minutes. And the
plane can be ready for a short hop
to New York. for example. in FIVE
minutes in an emergency. That
means it would start taxing away
from the terminal within five min
utes after call, but it would have
to wait on the runway awhile to
warm the engines before taking off.
At his home in nearby Silver
Spring. Md. Col. Draper has two
direct phones to the White House
one at his bedside. the other in
his workshop where he spends long,
greasy hours at his hobby of tink-
ering with antiquated automobiles.
He lives with his wife. Ruth. and
three children, Mary Ann, 9, James,
6. and Billy, II months.
Col. Draper neither drinks nor
smokes. but says he is broad
minded about other members OF
the Columbine crew taking a drink
providing they know they will
not fly for 48 hours.
I've got the best crew 1 knew
how to assemble" he said The
Air Force gave me carte blanche to
take anybody I wanted. 1 picked
specialistS-rnen who know every
part of the job they do. They're
tops
Col Draper himsef makes all
take-offS and landings anytime the
President is aboard With other
VIP's aboard he alternates with
co-pilot 1t Col. William w.
Thomas of Marion. Iowa.
Two Test Flights q Week
The big plane. which weighs
86,4ll pounds and has a l23-foot
wing span. is meticulouSly inspected
before and after every fight and
after every 100 hours of flying time.
1t is test flown at least twice week.
Col. Diapers crew installs a new
~ overhauled engine in the plane
every 600 hours. compared with the
average 1920 hours for commercial
air liners
The Air Force pays all crew.
maintenance and flight expenses,
but the Republican National Com
mittee picks up the tab when Mr..
Eisenhower goes on political trips.
Behind Diapers desk, in his
roomy Office at the White House.
hangs smiling photograph inscrib-
cd For Bill Draper-an expert on
my favorite mode of transportation
with warm regards-Dwight D.
Eisenhower.
Gazing at the picture with some
hing akin to hero worship. Draper
said of his boss:
I'D do anything in the world for
him-except risk his life"
tThe Associated Pres0
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

he asks a lot OF questions about
the plane. I remember once before
he became President we wer. flying
over Spain-not in this plane, but
in the one he used as SUPP eme
Commander in Europe-and I
asked him if he wanted to take
the controls.
Job for Young Men
He chuckled. the way he does.
and said. When they build planes
this big, III leave it to you young
fellows to fly them. Actually. he's
the first President qualified to pilot
a plane. although Franklin d.
Roosevelt was the first President
to fly while in Office"
Mr.. Eisenhower learned to fly
in 1887 and was issued by the
Civil Aeronautics Administration a
private license which expired in
1910 and never was renewed.
Col. Draper and other members
of the Columbine's eight-man crew
describe Mr.. Eisenhower as an ideal
passenger
THE President never worries
when he's in the air." Col. Draper
said.
Mrs. Eisenhower is still a bit
timid. She likes to fly under ideal
conditions but not with a storm
to 60 through. don't blame her.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

feel this approach offers minimum
help. You can't get away, they be-
lieve, from the basic requirement OF
giving each pupil individual atten-
ton
Another proposal was made re-
Gently to hire nonprofessional
teacher aides. In some places such
aides help with elementary reading
groups and other instruction, as
well as routine chores. and doubt
less they are of some value. But
some educators have asked why. If
such aides are good enough to
teach. they aren't trained and hired
as full-time regular teachers. in
order to make classes smaller. Ex-
perimentS have also shown that it
takes an exceptional teacher to
make worthwhile use of a teacher
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

aide and there is a question as to
whether the city could recruit
enough competent people to serve
as teacher-aideS.
Is Washington's present need for
more money to operate its schools
just temporary emergency, or is it
permanent? If one accepts the
premise that it should have been
done long time ago, the answer is
obvious. And it would seem overly
optimistic to expect that the pres
ent. deeply rooted ills can be cor
rected overnight. The city's teach
erS in many cases are trying to do
a job at least partly made necessary
by conditions far beyond the class
room. bound up with economics and
other basic factors in our society.
1t is likely to go on for a long time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
BY JAMES G. DEANE

A few days ago President Eisen.
hover sent to Congress request
from the District Commissioners
for permission to spend more than
81 million annually on additional
teachers for the Districts public
schools.
The main object of this proposal
Is TO reduce class sizes so the city's
YOUNGSTERS can be given better in
struction. A secondary result will
be to provide Washington and
other cities in similar position
with a clue to the extent to which
dollars and cents can be used to
cope with the problems and ten
sions raised by racial indignation
in the schools.
For years. Washington schools
operated on a class-size standard.
in the first six grades. of SO pupils.
This was city-wide average,
meaning that many classes were
actually larger. sometimes number
ing so or more. Many other COM
munities in the Nation. including
Washington's suburbs. have long
had standards of 80 or even smaller,
Washington educators. concerned
about the quality of education here.
asked for a new standard of 80
This past September. after an
unprecedented parent-studert on
slaught on Congress. the school sys-
tenn won itself enough teachers for
a class average that currently
stands at about 348. The pend
ing budget would carry the reo'.c-
ton forward next September to 80.
The following year school leaders
hone to achieve 80.
Tied TO lnteerotion
The impact of indignation ap-
parently was decisive in causing the
District Commissioners to grant the
budget increase. Before integra-
ton. the city'S white school chill
dren had class sizes nearly exactly
like what the pending budget-if
Congress approves twill estab-
ISL next fall. But Negro classes
we're much bigger. In effect, what
the city is now getting around to
is to try to bring all schools up to
the previous white standards.
This task is one that Washington
has in common with a good many
other cities. And the way it is
finally being faced up to may set
a useful example to other commu-
mites confronted with the same
necessity of desegregating.
Is class-size SO significant. and
are Washington classes really SO
big that spending millions is neces-
sary to reduce them? After all.
30-to-1 also will require building
more classrooms.
Educators can't pull out any
scientific" proof of the signifi-
canoe of class size. But there is
plenty of circulnstantial evidence.
OF course. an exceptional teacher
may do well with a class which a
less able one could hardly manage.
But school standards can't be based
on the exceptional. and Washington
teachers seem generally agreed that
most classes are now too big. Even
in high schools. where the teaching
staff is somewhat more ample than
in some other large cities, teachers
complain of overwork. pupils COM
plain Of lack of individual attention,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
Attack on Big Glasses
Is Part Of Indignation

and achievement averages are be-
low par.
The fact that private schools al
most universally try to hold to a
class maximum of Is or 20 seems
to speak eloquently for the rela-
tionship of numbers to good educa-
ton. So does the prevailing prac-
tice in many public schools. In
Maryland and Virginia, where the
Statewide official standard Is 80,
the actual average in some nearby
suburbs is 90 or %. The National
Education Association advocates rs.
Evidence in the Record
There seems to be historical evil
dence to support Washington
educators push for a reduction.
White children in the city's schools
consistently have done fairly good
school work. although not always
up to national norms. But achieve
ment tests have shown the average
Negro child here tagging markedly.
And Negro classes always have been
larger
Indignation, of course, has un-
derscored the claSs-Size problem.
White teachers have been making
almost shocking discoveries about
the educational deficiencies among
many of the Negro children they
are encountering for the first time.
1t is true that often environment
and other outside conditions explain
these deficiencies. But whatever the
reasons, they must be remedied and
that can't be accomplished with
out personal attention, the teach
ers say. While most children need
more individual attention, the city's
Negro children need it doubly. The
only way to provide it is obviously
to provide enough teachers to give
1t. So the argument goes.
Washlngton's schools are taking
another approach to the problem
Of lifting achievement. They are
organizing classes more carefully,
according to pupil ability. in order
to increase the efficiency of in
struction and try to keep fast and
slow children from competing for
the teachers time. More stress is
being put on such grouping even
in the lower grades, although in
Washington elementary schools this
has long been standard operating
procedure
The grouping-and the sys-
tematic and conscious efforts being
made by teachers and supervisors
to strengthen the city's whole ed
ucational program-are having re-
suits. Some Negro children have
been speeded spectacularly in
their achievement. advancing as
much as three years in a single
year. But much more remains TO
be done. and whether it will be
done largely depends. apparently,
on the availability of more teach
ers and funds.
Separate teaching for SLOW learn
ers and over-age children has been
increased. and the new budget in
cludes funds for an enlarged pupil
testing and psychological program.
But still more expansion in both
directions is needed.
Shutting Is No Answer
There have been proposals which
seem to be based on the idea that
all the school systems ills could be
solved by some sort of pupil testing
and shutting. But school officials
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
Continued from Page A-25

Continued from Page AIS
more rigorous technical require
ments. :"
Aliens who challenged actions OF
the Attorney General in detention
or deportation cases were told that
they we're subject to the plenary
powers of Congress to expel them
under the sovereign right to deter
mine what noncitizens shall be
permitted to remain within our
borders"
Apostles Of free speech and a free
press learned that cities could ban
loud and raucous" soundtrucks.
require licenses for public meetings.
and prohibit door-to-door solicita-
ton OF magazine subscriptions.
Fovorcd Floe Salute
Religious dissenters were told
that children OF Jehovah's Wit
nesses mad TO salute the flag in pub
lie school regardless Of their theo-
logical scruples. and that II was
constitutional for clergymen to
offer sectarian religious instruction
10 children during school hours and
on school property.
During World War II. Justice
Reed favored free rein for The Gov.
crnment in cases which appeared
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

NObCS VI ilCdIDJ Wal yldlu anu
Virginia legislators on major roll
calls in Congress last week.
HOUSE
On resolution for closed rule per-
hitting consideration Of HI Res.
1T. President Eisenhower's Mideast
Doctrine. Agreed to. 262-146 Demo-
Gratis 1895; Republicans l44-5D,
January 80.
For: Broyhil Republican OF Virginia
Smith. Democrat OF virginia Lankford.
Demgcrat o. Maryland Hyde. Republican
Of Maryland
Against. Harrison Democrat OF viralnla
HI Res. 1T. Presidents Mideast
Doctrine. authorizing him to under
take program Of military and eco
nomic cooperation with Middle
Eastern nations. Agreed 10, 1851
Democrats 1895: Republicans
1920, 80
For: Broyhi Republican OF virginia.
Harrison and Smith, Democrats OF virginia.
Landlord, Democrat OF Maryland. Hyde,
Republican Of Maryland.
Asainst; None.
tcongressionai ouasterlyj
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

answer to an old question. revived
again: When will he resign?
On Saturday morning the Will
sons took off for a vacation In Flor
ida. Their conveyance: Columbine
III. the presidential plane. Their
travelling companion: President Ell
senhoweN, who was giving them a
lift as far as Augusta. Ga. where
he plans to get in two days of golf.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03

planes radio teletypewriter. Mrs.
Eisenhower often relaxes by playing
a game of scrabble.
I'VE carry a full stock of the
latest magazines. but Ike usually
brings along his own western stories
to read on trip" Sergt. Higgins
said.
Since 1910. when he won his
pilots license while attending
the University of Maryland, Col
Draper has flown nearly two million
miles-a total of $500 hours in
the air including Air Force duty
in Europe and Asia during World
War II. On Christmas Day. 1856.
he completed his 240th ocean cross
ing by plane when he flew load
of Hungarian refugees to this
country.
Round the Clock Coll
Like other members Of the Col
umblne's crew. Col. Draper is on
round the-clock call seven days a
week in case the President should
decide to fly anywhere in the world
or to bring foreign statesman
to Washington.
The Columbine is ready to go 80
minutes after the White House calls.
or within five minutes in an emer-
gency." he said.
Flight engineer Higgins says the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
BY UNA MARSON

The British Caribbean terrific
ries. which form a protective ring
east of the Panama Canal, are
buzzing with excitement.
This area, just six hours by plane
from New York and three hours
Una Morson is q Jomoieon- born poet and
iournolst She now resides in Washington.
---->----~-------~---
from Miami. is on the verge of
selecting a capital for it's new fed
Grafton to be launched next year.
And federation is one of the final
steps toward attaining dominion
status like that Of Canada and
Australia. within the next five to
10 years. y
There are many reasons why the
United States should watch with
interest the progressive moves to-
ward self-government in the terri
tories. First. of course, there Is the
Panama Canal. Then there is the
fact that the United States retains
the right to reoccupy the naval
and air bases in Jamaica, Trinidad,
Antigua and st. Lucia, leased for
SO years as part of the 1910 de-
stroyer deal with Britain.
In another agreement signed in
November. 1856, America has a
long-range missiles proving ground
on st. Lucia in the Windward group
of islands, and a joint oceanog-
raphic research project on Bar
bados and the Turks and Caicos
islands.
American business interests in
the islands are strong. For many
years Trinidad has supplied oil
and asphalt to this country, and
in 1856 the Texas Co. bought
the Trinidad Leaseholds Oil Co.
Two American firmS-Kaiser Bau-
kite and Aluminium jamaica
are mining bauxite, the raw ma
terial Of aluminium, in Jamaica.
These firms already have invested
over 500 million, and plan to in
vest more.
Rise in Tourist Troffic
Finally. during the last 10 years
there has been a dramatic increase
in the flow of American tourists
to the Caribbean area. In fact. in
Jamaica the tourist trade now ranks
as the No. Q source of income.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-03
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of nearby Maryland and
Virginia legislators on major roll
calls in Congress last week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-24

@. What's so special about the
Constitution avenue location?
A. City officials say origin and
destination" studies Of motorists
trips show it is the point at which
there is the greatest demand for a
new bridge.
@. What's the problem, then?
A. There are two main issues.
One is whether a bridge or tunnel
should be built. The other is
whether the new rossing-bridge
or tunnel-should have four or six
lanes.
@. As briefly as possible, who
wants what?
A. AS briefly as possible:
The District wants a six-lane
bridge. because it says nothing
short of this will handle the ire
mendous traffic demands, up to
$4,000 cars day.
The National Park Service wants
a four-lane tunnel because Cd 1t
feels a tunnel would be less dis
ruptive to esthetic values. in the
Lincoln Memorial area and 90 it
doesn't want to bring as many as
six lanes of traffic into the area.
The National Capitol Planning
Commission is on record as favor
ing either a six-lane bridge or a
six-lane tunnel. But commission
chairman Harland Bartholomew
thinks that is too much traffic TO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-24

But the real problem is in the
future, because traffic is increasing
all the time.
In 1855, for instance, the average
weekday crossings of the five
bridges, over 24-hour periods, was
227,l55. Last year, the average was
237.26l-and one month the vol
ume exceeded 244.000 cars a day.
During the last three years, the
bridge traffic has increased ii per
cent City engineers figure it's
going to keep increasing at the rate
of about per cent year during
the critical peak hours of travel.
To meet future needs, one con-
sultant estimates a minimum" of
ii new bridge lanes must be pro-
vided ON the Potomac.
@. Now we're getting to it. Where
will the new IA lanes be?
A. Well. the three locations gen.
orally accepted for new bridges are
at Constitution avenue. Reaches
Run-which is just downriver from
the Fourteenth Street Bridges-and
one upriver between Key and Chain
/. Bridges-possibly connecting with
Arizona avenue or Nebraska ave-
nue. extended.
q. Will these actually be built?
A. District highway officials think
it only is a question of time for
all three. But Constitution avenue
is the only site being pushed now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-24

same time trying to maintain an
economically feasible organization.
capable Of handling here-and-now
defense requirements.
Mr.. Wilson had to ride out the
storm whipped up by Senator
McCarthys charges that the Army
coddled Communists. He also had
to allay the tempest stirred by
reports that Air Force Secretary
Harold E. Talbot used his govern
ment job to promote private
interests.
Mr.. Wilson seems generally to
have got along we'll with subordi-
mates in his own shop. People who
have worked with him say he
invites private disagreement and
public harmony.
A former associate of Mr.. Will
sons at the Pentagon, who asked
that his name not be used, said:
He is one Of the greatest guys l
ever worked with. Most bosses
want you TO come in. sit down, say
what you've got to say and get out.
He wants you to sit back, relax and
have a thorough visit"
Nicely Determined
AS for Mr.. Wilson'S dealings
with the military, this ex-colleague
observed. HE is determined in the
incest sort of way"
Mr.. Wilson once said that in
dealing with people under hun he
told them what ne wanted and let
them do 1t their way.
Somewhat indignantly, he ex-
planned, II mean 1t is like trying
TO tell someone how to suck an
egg. You give him a job and let
him go and suck it his way"
This blunt, 5-foot- l0-inch man,
whose motto is Il cooperate with
the inevitable was born January
ID, 1890. to Thomas Erwin and
Rosalind Unkeiei Wilson, a couple
of schoolteachers in Minerva, Ohio
After graduating from college he
went to work for Westinghouse,
where he designed an automobile
self-starter, In 1919. he became
chief engineer for the Remy Elec-
trio Co.. GIN subsidiary, was a
General Motors vice president by
1928 and stepped into the presi-
dency IL 1910.
Meantime, he had met a perky.
22-year-old stenographer, Jessie
Ann Curtis, daughter OF a con-
struction engineer from Costello.
Pa. They we're married in Septem-
Der 1912. when Mr.. Wilson was
making $50 a month anG they