davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Vibrating Chair,
|Stir Debate

The House yesterday got all
shook up over plans to install
vibrating chairs in the new SEN
at ONCE Building.
Prolonged debate broke out
over three measures to increase
the authorized cost Of the build
ing by $2.8 million and to ap-
prove unspecified amounts fol-
furniture and to enlarge Sena-
tors suites In the existing office
building.
Representative McGregor. Re-
publican of Ohio. opposed al
three bills because he said they
were like writing blank checks
for unlimited amounts at a time
when Congress was attempting
to hold down the nationa
budget.
Chairman Smith of the Rule:
Committee, which cleared the
three measures on Monday
agreed that this Is a very pool
way for Congress to legislate.
But. he added. II don't know
what we can do about it."
At that point. Mr.. McGregol
read from committee hearings
and declared there were report.
that some Senators intended Z
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28

owned corporations doing BUSH
ness in Canada. requiring.
among other things, that
stated percentages Of their
officers and key employees must
be Canadians. In other SINH
lar matters, he has openly
sponsored measures giving a
Canada for the Canadians"
stamp to trade and CONNER
cial regulations. Such laws, If
enacted, could in themselves
seriously affect the even tenor
of Canadian-American rela-
ton, and. of course, would
certainly influence the atmos-
phere Of foreign affairs.
On crucial policy questions,
there is expected to be no
sharp controversy. For the
present at least, there will be
no move to accord recognition
to Communist China, nor Ca
madam pressure to seat the
delegate Of Red Peiping. in the
United Nations. But the Ca
madam attitude toward the
Communist China question
has consistently been less Wig
orous than that of the United
States. It is certainly not i'm
possible that, following the
lead Of Britain. Canada may
well let UP on trade restric-
tons with the Chinese Reds,
thus paving the way for polit-
ical recognition later. But
right now, Diefenbaker is
plainspoken against such a
move.
$50 long as Communist
China remains an undis-
charged bankrupt in de
plomacy and aggression.
there can be no justification
for the legal recognition Of
that country" he has said.
Most close observers Of
Canada's foreign policy ma
chinery expect the Diefenbaker
government to withhold recog-
milton from Peiping for a long
time. Under Pearson, they
expected recognition as some
thing inevitable and only a
matter Of proper timing. Much
more will be known Of the
probable course Of the new
government at Ottawa after
Diefenbaker's trip to London
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Lawmakers Respect and Recognition
OF Change Seen Curling Sharp Action

Now that practically every
body has had his say about the
Supreme Courts far-reaching
defense Of individual rights.
the question is what will be
done about it.
Those members Of Congress
who are in q position to affect,
II not actually control. the
course of events there without
exception reply: Not much.
Asked If Congress might
investigate the court, the
doughty Speaker of the House,
Sam Rayburn, grunted: Hell,
no-investigate ourselves.
first" 1t was clear he didn't
think that would happen.
either.
There is sentiment, shared
by Rayburn, for greater pro-
lection for the FBI files than
the courts rulings suggest.
Significantly, however. the
Senate judiciary Committee,
hard core Of anti-court senti-
ment on a wide front, opened
hearings on such a bill with a
promise they would be con-
structive and not a blast at the
court.
There are many reasons why
Congress likes to talk big about
the Supreme Court but hates
to cast votes which could be
interpreted as attempts to in
timidate or hamper it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
CONSTANTINE BROWN
No Major Foreign Policy Changes
Seen, but Trade May Be an Issue

The complexion Of the new
Conservative government of
Canada indicates plainly that
there viii be no major altera-
tions in our northern neigh
boris foreign policies. John
Diefenbaker, who was himself
a surprised man when the
temper Of the Canadian public
was made known at the polls,
resulting in the end Of a 20
year rule by the Liberal Party,
is taking over foreign affairs
as well as the Prime Ministry.
Since the Conservative cab
met is not based on q parlia-
m entary majority, Diefen-
baker plans to run a sort Of
informal coalition govern
ment. His policies will be
geared to moderation. to COM
mand "a high degree Of una
nimity" in the Ottawa House
Of Commons among the four
major Canadian parties. Thus
it is unlikely that, even in
domestic affairs, the Con-
servatives will attempt to
bring about any major changes.
But even though the Die
fen hi ker government will
carry on the general policies
Of its predecessor in the field
Of foreign affairs. there are
likely to be important differ
ences in operation. Under the
Liberals, Lester B. Pearson as
Minister for External Affairs
was a dependable ally of the
United States, except in cases
where his tendencies toward
a soft policy toward Com
munists caused a temporary
parting of the ways. Under
Diefenbaker, there VIII be less
Of such softness. but the dan
ger that other factors will be
divisive as between Ottawa
and Washington still exists.
And the chief such danger lies
in the Conservatives attitudes
toward trade policy.
Prime Minister Diefenbaker
has gone on record, frequent
ly and strongly. against the
unfavorable trade balance be-
tween the United States and
Canada. The Conservative
leader has even called for d.
rect action against American
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28

First Of all, its members
have a real respect for 1t and
a genuine reluctance to inter-
fere with it. AS working poll
ticians, they understand-and
often envy-its relative de-
tachment from the political
pressures Of the moment. Thus
they do not actually believe
extreme statements about the
nine justices coming from any
source.
At the same time. members
Of Congress realize that the
court does change with the
political climate but at q safe
distance behind the election
returns.
The court today is not kill
ing the extreme repression Of
civil liberties known as Nc
Carthyism. It is only ratifying
the change Of voter mood
demonstrated when Congress
was returned to Democratic
control in 1854. which auto
matically ousted Mccarthy as
chief inquisitor. The change
was UNDERSIGNED In 1856 when
Congress remained Democratic
despite the Eisenhower land
slide. The court was not In at
the kill; it is hopping up on
the edges. Politicians see this
very clearly.
On the partisan level there
is little to be gained for either
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
IUNST ANTINE BROWN
New Government in Canada

this week, where he will rep
resent Canada at the regular
meeting Of the Commonwealth
Prime Ministers.
There is a broad impression
that the Diefenbaker policies
will be in general much closer
to those Of Britain than have
been the Canadian decisions
of the recent past. Under
Diefenbaker, it is said, there
could be no question OF
Canada's stand In another
Suez crisis. In last autumn's
British French invasion, Cam
ada held aloof from support OF
the mother country. But the
Conservatives complained at
the time that the United States
disapproval of Britain's action
was ''unrealistic."
Most of the new piefen-
baker cabinet members are
relatively unknown, as might
be expected in a party out Of
Office for almost q quarter
century. One appointment il
reassuring to Washington
that of Mai. Gen. George r.
Pearkes as Minister Of De-
tense. Gen. Pearkes, a retired
professional soldier with serv-
ice in both world wars, is Q
known friend Of American de.
tense policies, and above all
q thorough advocate Of nu.
clear weapons for modern war.
The other ministers In the
new cabinet apparently were
chosen with a view to wide
geographical representation.
But French Canada, very inn
portant politically, has but one
Observation-Disclosures Cen
eral Leon Balcour.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
DORIS FLEEsoN
What to Do About the Court?

side by an attack on the court.
Justices appointed by Eisen-
hover and Franklin Roosevelt
are equally involved in the new
rulings. Ironically the chief
dissenter, Justice Tom Clark,
was the appointee Of President
Truman who was scapegoat-
in-chief Of the Mccarthy era.
It is not the first time Justice
Clark has been singularly in
different to his benefactor.
Then there are wheels-with-
in-wheels in the current court
Congress hassle.
The biggest head Of steam
behind attacks on the court
unquestionably is among the
Southerners who are fighting
its ban on segregation. Its
natural allies would be those
anxious about the new court
rulings limiting present Com
munist investigations and
slowing down Com m unist
trials.
But the two groups are
mutually exclusive to a very
large degree. No one in the
administration camp and few
Of the Communist inquisitors
want or can afford to be in
the position of pulling any
segregation chestnuts out Of
the fire for the Southerners.
The liberals in Congress who
have been on short rations
lately are Of course very happy
and ready to man the barri-
cades for the Supreme Court
any time 1t becomes necessary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
THOMAS L. STOKES
Indians and the Poison Arrow

body in them but could MAIN
thousands and thousands more
within a radius Of many miles
and would, so the medicine
men said, weaken future gen.
erations by the particles Of
radiated stuff that filtered
down to the earth from the
explosion.
This they called "fall-out."
just as did the Indians.
Chiefs Of the two big nations
in our civilized world Of to-
day decided that something
should be done to abolish
these big bombs and all the
other horrible weapons that
kill so many people and cost
so much money. or at least
reduce them somehow. AS a
first step. 1t was suggested that
tests Of the big bombs should
be stopped because Of the dan
ger Of the "fall-out."
Then a couple Of medicine
men went to see one Of the
chiefs and told him they had
devised a bomb that was about
95 per cent "clean" Of fall-out
and would soon get a bomb
that would be entirely Clean"
1t would destroy only the i'm
mediate target. perhaps an
army. perhaps q big city. and
kill only the hundreds Of
thousands or millions Of people
shot at. and would not hurt
others beyond a limited area
because Of absence OF fall
out" So the chief said-well.
maybe we ought TO 60 slow on
stopping these tests until we
get that entirely clean" bomb.
about which he spoke as fol-
lows:
IF you use 1t on the battle
field. you will have an effect
only so far as its blast and heat
waves reach, and there will be
no fall-out to injure any citi-
zen or anyone, any innocent
bystanders that are of X
miles, the necessary distance
to get out Of the area Of heat
and blast"
Line UP here to join the "x-
miles Club" and bring your
own hole with you. These
clean" bombs are so Jolly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
DAVID LAWRENCE

The Supreme Court Of the
United States doesn't practice
what it breaches.
From time immemorial it
has been a rule Of law that.
when an expert witness ,testi-
fies in court, he must be
present for cross-examination
by the other side.
The Supreme Court has just
said, moreover, that, when the
FBI puts on a witness in a
criminal case, the other side
must have access to anything
and everything about the
witness which is in the files Of
the Acknowledgement agency
so that the credibility Of such
a witness may be tested in
court.
But the Supreme Court of
the United States doesn't al
low this in It's own proceed
ings. Thus, the famous decision
on school migration violated
all the rules Of modern courts
by declaring that it was based
on the authority" of witnesses
who never were revealed in
court at all.
Some Of these witnesses"
were connected with Com
munist-front organizations,
and one Of them was q Swedish
Socialist who bitterly criticized
the American Constitution.
The lawyers for. the several
sovereign States who argued
the case before the Supreme
Court were not told that the
court had any "secret wit
nesses" or experts" up its
judicial sleeve. Only when the
decision was printed did the
American people learn what
witnesses" had influenced the
Supreme Courts conclusions.
Today one Of the bitterest
controversies in American his
tory has grown out of the same
Supreme Court decision, which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Story of Efforts to Outflow Menace
Likened to Issue of Clean H-Bomb

did not have the clean"
poisoned arrow yet. but were
working on 1t and should have
it soon. Until they did get It.
however, they could not give
up the old-fashioned poisoned
arrow - that is. unless the
Cherokees would give them the
secret. That provoked a long
debate. Finally the conference
broke UP without agreement.
with the understanding an
other would be held later.
But 1t never was. For soon
afterward DeSoto arrived with
his Spaniards and his guns.
and the hills resounded with
this new noisy terror. In time,
as we know from our history.
the white men invaders =
Spaniards, French, and Eng
lish-armed their Indian allies
with guns. So the Indians
learned about progress and
civilization. not only from the
gun, but in another way. For
missionaries who began to come
among them translated the
Bible into the Cherokee lam
guage from the alphabet con-
trived by the wise Sequoia so
that the Indians, as well as the
white man, had something to
read between wars.
Progress continued and CIV
ilization spread its influence.
Guns got better and better
and could kill more and more
people. There came a civil war
on this continent which once
the Indians had all to them
selves, q civil war among the
white men, and thousands Of
men were killed In a day at
such places as Antietam and
Shiloh and Gettysburg and q
tangled woods they called
THE Wilderness"
Then there was what was
called the First World War"
in which millions Of men were
killed and manned. mostly SOL
diers. But in q Second World
War civilization had advanced
to the point where II was pos
sible TO kill and MAIN thou
sands of women and children
and destroy the cities where
they lived. In addition to the
millions Of men killed and
manned on what was officially
called "the battlefield" Then
the medicine men finally OUT
did themselves and invented a
big bomb that not only could
4estroy cities and most every
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Supreme Court Accused Of Having Used
Secret Witnesses in Segregation Case


says candidly that its ruling
was based on information
derived from certain experts"
The decision says that
whatever may have, been the
extent Of psychological knowl-
edge" at the time (l696) that
the opinion (Plessy v. Brown
was handed down which per-
mitted separate but equal"
school facilities, the new find-
ing sis amply supported by
modern authority"
The Supreme Court, in its
opinion, then cited six "au-
thorities" and said in a foot
pote: "And see generally Myr-
dial, An American Dilemma
(1944)."
Senator Eastland Of Missis-
sippi, chairman of the Sen
ate Judiciary Committee, has
placed before the Senate q
resolution containing informa-
ton which nobody was EVIL
IDENTIFY permitted to place be-
fore the Supreme Court during
the time the case was being
argued. He says a provisional
investigation Of the authorities
upon which the Supreme Court
relied reveals to a shocking de-
gree their connection with and
participation in the world
wide Communist conspiracy.
in that Brameld and Frazier.
listed in the group of six au-
thorities, have no less than %
citations in the files of the
Committee on Un-American
Activities of the United States
House of Representatives re-
vealing membership in. or par
. ticipation with. Communist or
Communist-front organizations
and activities"
Eastland pointed out that
Myrdal, the Swedish Socialist,
declared-in the book cited by
the Supreme Court-that the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Eisenhower Visits
old Friend in Hospitul
By the Associated Press

~ ehe hssoelateo rTese
President Eisenhower visited
an old bOyhood friend Of his
who is Ill at the Bethesda (Md.)
Naval Medical Center yesterday
The patient is Capt. Everett
(Swede) Hazlett, USN. retired
Of Abilene. Kans.. and more
recently Of Chapel Hill. N. c.
Press Secretary James c
Hagerty said Mr.. Eisenhower
and Mr.. Hazlett grew up to.
gether as boys in Abilene.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28

An old story about some Of
our American Indians has
come to light.
It seems that a wise CHIEF
Of the Cherokees decided the
time had come when Indians
should stop their wars and live
at peace. He called a con-
ference with the Creeks, the
other strong nation then oc-
cupying the southeastern part
of q continent known then only
to the Indians.
AS soon as the conference
began the Cherokee chief
stunned the Greek chief and
his delegation by proposing
right of that they abandon use
of poisoned arrows. Ut was
the Cherokee medicine men
who had devised the poisoned
arrow originality This the
Cherokee chief offered as "a
first STEP" He pointed out, as
his honorable friend knew,
that If anyone struck by a
poisoned arrow wasn't killed,
then the poison would cause
hair, teeth, finger-nails and
toe-nails and sometimes the
eyeballs to fall out. The poison
also would transmit weakness
to the offspring so that some
times they would have no hair
or teeth or toe-nails and finger
nails or eyeballs. and SO would
be blind. This, the Cherokee
chief explained. was tech
nically called "fall-out."
The Creek chief, who had
listened closely. was about TO
speak when the medicine man
who had come along with the
Cherokee chief jumped up in
great excitement and began
TO babble in apparent protest.
When he was slowed down by
his chief to an understandable
pace, 1t came out that he and
his assistant medicine men
had devised what he called a
clean" poisoned arrow which
would cause no "fall-out," but
would merely paralyze those
Of its victims who we're not
killed outright, for a period Of
several months or years so
they would be unable 10 fight.
From the puzzled look on the
face OF the Greek medicine
men 1t was obvious that this
was news TO them. The chief
medicine man whispered into
the ear Of the Greek chief.
He rose and frankly con-
tossed that his medicine men
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28

pay as much as $500 for vibrat-
ing chairs-the type used for re-
Taxation and by those seeking to
lose weight. He asked his COL
leagues to look ahead.
"One members vibrations" he
said, may not suit his successor
who will then put out another
$500 for a new chair"
Later the House passed the
bills to increase the costs by
$2.8 million and provide the nee
lessary furnishings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
Californian Is Elected
President of Kiwunis

ATLANTIC CITY. N. j.. June
% R.-H. Park Arnold, q Glen.
dale (Calif.) lumber dealer and
machine parts manufacturer.
was unanimously elected Presi-
dent of Kiwanis International.
The 64-year-old Mr.. Arnold.
now treasurer Of the organiza-
ton, will succeed Reed c. CUP.
of Salt Lake City, Utah, when
he takes office on August /.
Also selected were two vice
presidents, a treasurer and 8 or
IL trustees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
U. S. Pays U. N. Levy

UNITED NATIONS. N. Y. June
20 up. - Ambassador Henry
Cabot Lodge yesterday handed
the United Nations a check for
$3,333,000 to cover the initial
assessment against the United
States to finance the U. N
Emergency Force In the Middle
East.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-28
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

'FIETIHEK NNEBEE
Russia agrees rssep" disarmament It's nice to know
the comrades walk in direction besides out
Teaster Vice President Brewster convicted of contempt
of Congress- About the only Teamsters
Union these days is to marry the wardens daughter
Hi-F1: More high than fl.
Ike business to restraint wage boosts Soft
organ music please while everybody pleads with
curb his wild impulses toward generosity.
Politics the art of leading people in the direction
they happen to be pushing you.
There's nothing with the Democratic Party that
little depression wouldn't cure.
Ppe-smoker: sad-looking fellow who owns stock in
match company.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-12-05
Nature

Many species of birds are gre
garious during the winter feeding
season. Among this type are
blackbirds, white-throated spar
rows, bob-white quail, mourning
doves, meadowlarks, staring,
English sparrows, and many
others.
When birds are in larger flocks
it is much easier to study their
movements, food habits, and
other characteristics.
Identifying characteristics
The winter plumage can be
studied with comparative ease.
The normal winter pattern can
be recognized as well as the var
ious forms. If there is a differ
ence between male and female,
as in the case of the cardinal
and bluebird, this can b eobserv-
ed. Juvenile plumage may diff
fer from adults, either the male
or the famale. This may add
confusion to the problem until
all forms are recognized.
The size or length of the birds
can be fixed in mind. Rarely is
there much variation in the sizes
of birds in a winter flock. If
there is as much as 1919 varla-
ton in length, it is good idea
to suspect different species.
Many birds sings during the
winter about as much as in the
spring or summer. If they sing,
this gives another means Of iden-
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-12-05
LITIGATION. 1t is about as reliable
as identifing them by sight.

LITIGATION. 1t is about as reliable
as identifing them by sight.
While nests can be found east
ly and studied, then cannot be
associated with their builders
during the winter season since
they are not in use.
Manner of flight and locomo-
ton can be studied. The flock
can be seen easily and the type
of flight movement noted. If
meadowlarks are fluched, the fly
in a characteristic manner of
rapid beating of the wings, re-
naming fairly close to the
ground, and gliding back to the
ground This is distinctly differ
ent to the flight of the cedar
wings when flushed.
The habitats for the season can
be determined with relative ease.
In many cases the habitat is help
full in determining the species.
A wren found in the marshes
would likely be a long-billed
marsh wren. A wren near the
house is not necessicarily house
wren since other species are
found in this habitat.
Feeding Habits
While there is much informa-
ton on the feeding habits of
many species of birds, there is
much more yet to be learned
The limited information about
the winter feeding habits could
be greatly extended by amateurs
watching birds as they carry on
their daily task of feeding. This
will require keen vision and
great patience as well as know
ledge of many types of fruits,
berries, seeds, and small animals.
We can watch the birds that
visit such trees and shrubs as
Ligustrum, Elaeagnus, parsley
haw, winter huckleberry, black
gum, and many others, and OBJ
serve whether or not they eat the
fruit and to what extent.
We can make notes on the pre-
ference of birds for certain types
of foods. This would be indicat-
ed by the relative number of one
type of food taken when other
foods are abundant. 1t is fact
that many birds eat the foods
in greatest abundance and near
est at hand but at the same time
they spend much time searching
for less abundant foods that may
be more palatable
Migration and Local Movements
There is much need for extern
sive study by bird lovers on the
migration and local movements
of all species present Exact re-
cords should be kept from year
to year on the dates Of arrival
and departure of all species. This
should apply to those that nest
here, those that winter here, and