davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20

Of foreign policy or whether
we will look toward the new
nations" for our main support
in the future.
There are about 100 mil
lion people living in the rela-
lively small area of Britain
and France. They must de-
pend, according to the views
of their governments. on the
reserves of raw materials in
North and Central Africa.
London and Paris, living up to
the new trends, are willing to
grant the political emancipa-
ton of the Arabs and Negroes
but they don't want to give up
the control of mineral re-
sources available in those
lands. This policy is described
by the Communists disguised
as nationalist in Egypt as
imperialism and colonialisr.. "
The British, like the French,
have pointed out to us that
Egyptian Dictator Nasser has
become the No. | mouthpiece
of Moscow. His agents more
than those sent by Moscow are
fomenting trouble among the
peoples III North Africa. And
our kid glove" treatment of
Nasser leads the Prime Minis
tiers of our two presently most
important allies to ask Wash
ington whether we shall veer
away ideologically from Eu-
rope and rely in the future on
the Afro-Asian bloc.
The explanation given the
British and French govern
ments that our present OBJ
jectives are % to prevent the
outbreak of even brush fires
and 90 to win away from the
Communist orbit peoples of
undeveloped areas is taken
with grain of salt. They
point out that our action last
November in forcing them to
withdraw their troops from
Egypt caused no loss of face
for the USSR. Moscow now
claims that her threats of
military intervention COM
PEELED our allies to call off
their punitive expedition.
Nasser's decision of last
week to take over political
control of the GAIA and
Aqaba areas has further low
cred the prestige of the West.
And the British fully expect
that before long-and proba-
bly, within the next 30 days
the Egyptians will demand
that the whole United Ma
tons police force be with
drawn altogether. Neither
Britain nor France can do
anything about it any longer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
DORIS FLEEsON
Crisis of Morale Is Taking Shape
In Career Forces at Pentooon

In the Pentagon today as in
the State Department a crisis
of morale is taking shape. par
tlcularly in the career forces.
For one major reason. no
administration figure can be
blamed. This is an age of
change in methods of warfare.
The external threat posed by
the technologically resourceful
Soviet Union means that the
change cannot be gradual and
easy but must be brutally rapid.
Thus people are being hurt.
Secretary of Defense Charles
E. Wilson must, however, take
responsibility for the fact that
his system Of General Motors
vice presidents is not working.
He has come close to admitting
it by abruptly telescoping two
assistant secretaryships after
he had failed to quell strife be-
tween the assistant secretaries
involved.
Mr.. Wilson could not abolish
either job because they were
created by statute. He is not
likely to ask Congress to alter
or even to amend that statute
since 1t was on his motion and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
Mrs. Roosevelt TOURING

CASABLANCA, Morocco, Mar.
20 CP).-Mrs. Franklin D. Roose-
welt, here as a guest OF the Sui
tan's daughter. Princess Zalla
Aisha. visited the places where
her late husband and Prime
Minister Churchill had an his
toric wartime conference. Her
main guide was her son Elliott,
who attended the Casablanca
conference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20

indeed his insistence that
Congress approved it.
If he now opens the door.
he can be sure the Senators
will rush in with a good many
questions. most of them en-
barraSsing.
1t was Mr.. Wilson'S theory
on arrival here that the
Pentagon needed a good dose
Of business methods. He ha-
rangued Congress eloquently
about the splendid shoals of
vice presidents who helped
him make General Motors so
successful.
A few veterans were not so
sure. Senator Lyndon johnson
being one who suggested that
the Government was a little
different, but Mr.. Wilson
brushed him aside. The end
result was the Pentagon is
now regally supplied with jobs
OF the rank Of assistant secre-
tary and above to the number
OF 30-seven and a half golf
foursomes as one wag put 1t.
World War II was run from
the same building with about
a third that number.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
Brucker to Present
Frederick Award

Army Secretary Brucker viii
present the Departments Certif-
icate Of Achievement to the Fred
erick. Md. Chamber of Com
merce for outstanding patriotic
and community services in a
ceremony in his Office at IL am
tomorrow.
The Frederick chamber is the
first to receive the Army award
FOR its efforts in bringing to-
gether State. county and city
officials and leaders Of the bust
ness and industrial community
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
Army Association Blasts
Wilson's Missile Order

The Association Of the United
States Army charged today that
American soldiers are being pre-.
pared to fight with one hand
behind their backs because OF
Defense Secretary Wilson's
order limiting Army missiles to
a range of 200 miles.
The semi official organization
spoke out on the subject for the
first time since Mr.. Wilson's de-
cision awarding longer ranged
missiles to the Air Force.
1t reviewed Communist
threats to the free world and
then stated:
Because of these differences
it has been necessary for the
Secretary OF Defense to seek
compromises and often make
military decisions himself. In
making military decisions the
Secretary of Defense has been
forced to evaluate the profess
sional differences Of opinion be-
tween his military advisor with
the assistance of his civilian
assistants. who by training and
experience have competence in
the managerial field but not in
the military field.
Lack Of Unanimity Seen
I'm such an atmosphere, it is
quite possible that budgetary
and political considerations may
have received more considera-
ton than is warranted.
The associatin added that the
lack Of unanimity in the Joint
Chiefs Of Staff heightened pub
lie discussion and often permit
ted decisions to be based or
1.-THE ability Of a group to sell
It's views even though they may
not represent the soundest pro.
fessional military judgment.
1.-THE history Of warfare dem.
onstrates that it is the Arms
forces that bear the brunt Of
the battle" The 29-page state.
ment by the association contin.
ued. We are not keeping faitf
with our loyal soldiers Of whom
we ask the highest sacrifices
when We require them to figh
with one hand behind their backs
Would Cut Limitations
This association urges tina
the artificial range limitations b.
removed from the Army missil,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20

program. We urge further that
the Army be permitted full scale
operations Of its ballistic missile
agency so that the full fruits Of
skill and mileage Of the Army's
unique team Of scientists and
technicians may be made avail
able for the benefit of all the
services.
Mr.. Wilson has said the Army's
team Of scientists at Redstone
Arsenal in Alabama would con-
tinue to operate despite his de-
cision to turn over the informed
late range $500 niles ballistic
missible to the Air Force. He
said that the Army had other
project on which the scientists
100 of them Germans. could work
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
Two REGENTS Named

SAN MARINO. Mar. 20 (P),-
The Great and General Council
Of this mountain-top Republic
on the Italian Peninsula has
named Socialist Giordano Clio
comini and Communist Primo
Marani to rule as captain
regents until September 30. The
council elects a new pair from
its membership every six months.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20

Maybe the Supreme Court
of the United States will be
surprised to learn about it.
but down South they are hav-
ing a field day over the recent
decision of the court on pro-
feSsional football which seems
to knock the props from under
the reasons given by the same
court for its ruling on segrega-
ton.
Newspapers in the South in
a number of editorials are
pointing to the inconsistency.
if not the hypocrisy. Of the
judges who have just over
turned a long standing inter-
probation of the law of the
land" on baseball and substi-
tuted for it a new law on foot
ball that never has been en-
acted by Congress.
The language of the Su'
preme Court in this case, If
written into the decision on
mixing the schools, would have
upheld the law of the land"
as 1t had been set forth during
a period of nearly so years.
The Supreme Court, in the
latest case declaring that pro-
fessional football comes un-
der the antitrust laws but pro-
fesSional baseball doesn't, has
this to say:
an 'ToolSon' (the 1853 case
on BASEBALL we continued to
hold the umbrella over base
ball that was placed there
some 81 years earlier by Fed
eral baseball "a previous case.
The court did this because it
was concluded that more harm
would be done in overruling
Federal baseball than in up
holding ruling which at best
was Of dubious validity.
Vast efforts had gone into
the development and organ
ization of baseball since that
decision and enormous capital
had been invested in reliance
on It's permanence. Congress
had chosen to make no change.
All this. combined with the
flood of litigation that would
follow its reputation. the
harassment that would enSue,
and the retroactive effect OF
such a decision, led the court
to the practical result that it
should sustain the unequivocal
line OF authority reaching over
many years.
I'VE. therefore. conclude
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
Pro Football Decision Sure to Plague
Justices on Issue of SEGREGATION

that the orderly way to elimi-
nate error or discrimination,
if any there be, is by legisla-
ton and not by court de-
cision."
Yet ever since 1895. when
the Supreme Court of the
United States upheld the right
Of the States to carry on
separate but equal" school
facilities, enormous amounts
of money have been invested
by the States in separate
schools, and a whole system of
education has been established
over the years based on that
decision. In 1854, however,
the Supreme Court overturned
the decision and gave not a
single reason based on any
precedent or historic principle
of law, Offering instead a vague
discourse in the realm Of
sociology.
Certainly there has been a
flood Of litigation" since, and
the Supreme Court has en-
deavored through court orders
to enforce the ruling. while
many eminent lawyers, in
Guiding former Justice Byrnes
of the Supreme Court, insist
that only Congress can enact
the legislation necessary to
enforce the Fourteenth Ad-
mendment and the interpreta-
ton given 1t by the court.
Congress had ample OPP
portunity between 1896 and
1854 to enact laws forbidding
segregation in the schools, but
did not do so. The Fourteenth
Amendment, unlike other parts
Of the Constitution, is not self
executing. The Fourteenth
Amendment says specifically
that the Congress shall have
power to enforce by appro-
pirate legislation the provi-
sionS of this article"
Borrowing the language of
the football case decision, it
could be said that from 1896
to this day Congress had
chosen to make no change" in
the matter Of desegregation. 1t
could be argued, too, that the
orderly way" is by legisla-
ton and not by court deci-
SION"
But 1t will be noted that. In
the latest case, Justices Frank
furter, Harlan and Brennan
insisted that what the Su-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20
POTOMAC FEVER
By FLETCHER KNEBEL

Vice President Nixon Rome practcing to be
Esenhowertype presidenby learning keep his
from Washington.
Ike guided missile fired from cruiser Ike figures
the missile didn't belong the Air Force-nce it landed
the it aimed
Democratic Senator Mansfield urges boycott OF the Suez
Canal If Egypt doesn't behave. Only Democrat would find
solution where all stand the picket
a ditch.
One fellow he wants his to into politics and
become President-but the kid can't golf
Money tight that the lending union
funds to President Dave Beck without
might refuse to borrow any more.
Freedom is relative thing The relatives you have
the less freedom.
The Eisenhower dollar is still sound In fact, when
toned in with the Canadian dollar still
like nnety-hye
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-20

for the development of mutual
Iciyilian-military understanding,
the Army said.
Gov. McKeldin of Maryland
was invited to attend the cere-
mony.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
Bias Costs Town Its Only Doctor =

~. 7. Tribune V29)
NEGRO LEAVES IN ROW OVER SON. s.
IN WHITE SCHOOL"
"DssIs, Md.-chsspesks Bay community"
BY Robert J. Donovan my. Tribvne)
DEALE. Nd, Sept. 2s-UniI last week This Chesapeake
Boy community Of $500 many Of them oystermen
end fishermen. had only doctor. Now II has
The physician. serious young man named Harry N.
ss has pulled stakes snd moved with his wife and only
TO Washington The events that led TO his decision
constitute On unusual history in the dishsarfenng
occurrence Of racial strife In America
(sse BIAS COSTS TOWN, Page y
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
High Court
Refused 10
Interfere

The United States Supreme
Court refused Monday to in
terfere with the years jail
sentence imposed upon John
Kasper for trying to make
trouble to prevent the peace
full Indignation at the Clinton
Tennessee High School last
year.
Kasper's lawyers appealed
the sentence to the High Court.
He was convicted for contempt
of court and was free on
$4,000 bond.
In their first week of the fall
session the Court also refused
to hear the case of Virgil ID.
Hawkins, a Negro, who has been
trying for eight years to be ac-
cepted into the Law School OF
Florida University. They told
Hawkins to appeal his case to
an appropriate and lower United
States District Court.
A lower Court ordered him
officials have failed to comply.
admitted in 1856, but Florida
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19

This project, called the Neigh
borhood. Conservation pilot
Area, will receive approximate
" four million dollars in public
improvements, two-thirds OF
which will be paid for by the
Federal Government. The city
will pay the remaining third.
These public improvements will
renovate the environment of the
38-block Pilot Area and, over
ten-year period, 81 other
neighborhoods will receive the
same treatment.
First In Nation
In a recent statement Richard
L. Steiner, Federal Commits
sioner of Urban Renewal said:
"Neighborhood Conservation
IL destined to become a major
weapon in the Nations fight
against slums and urban
blight. The Mack Concord
pilot project is the first Fed
orally aided urban renewal
project devoted predominantlY
10 rehabilitation which has
completed planning and Is now
in execution. II places Detroit
In The forefront of the great
conservation movement.
"Of particular significance Is
the fact that the Mack Concord
project has been planned not by
a few technicians but with broad
support and participation by
many local and Federal officials,
property owners and residents
in the areas members of social
welfare and business groups,
and many other interested citi-
zens.
This project should do much
TO expand our knowledge OF
sound conservation techniques
and serve as an example to
other cities which will be watch
ing its progress closely
Daniel K. Ford, Executive
Director Of the Detroit Lumber
mems Association and President
OF the Detroit Horne Improve
ment Corporation, announced
the grand opening Of the Home
Improve msnt Demonstration
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
Predict Negro
Switch To
Republicans

NEW YORK-Speaking with
out his customary caution,
Thurgood Marshall, chief coun-
sci for the NAACP, this week
PREDICTED a nationwide switch
in Negro votes from the Demo-
cratic to the Republican party.
He made the preoienon while
speaking on the CHS tran
scribed radio program. LET'S
Find Out"
He added that the switch
started after the last election.
The Little Rock situation, in
which Southern Democrats have
lined up on the side of Gov.
Orval Faubus, will also hurt
the Demos, he said.
Describing what he called the
lack of accomplishment by the
Democrats in the field of civil
rights, Marshall said.
Nationally the action of the
senators of the Democratic
party on the civil rights bill.
when only nine voted against
the jury trial amendment.
and the action now going on.
where all the Southern SEN
stors are coming TO the aid
and comfort of Gov. Orval
Faubus, will certainly react TO
the detriment of the party In
solar as Negro voters are con-
cerned on a national basis"
Marshall placed the blame for
the Little Rock crisis squarely
on the shoulders Of Gov. Faubus.
He commented: Little Rock
is a completely integrated town.
Negroes live in the same neigh
borhoods with other people.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
Need More
Action On Civil
Rights Matters

"We're certainly pleased that
at last some Michigan Republi-
can leaders are beginning to
show interest in civil rights
issues" said 1t. Governor Philip
A. Hart today, commenting on
civil rights speech by COP
National Committeeman John
Martin of Grand Rapids.
Speeches on civil rights are
fine" continued Hart. but
action on civil rights matters
in The Legislature is far more
important than mere talk.
"During the two years Mr.
Martin served in the State SEN
ate he introduced AZ bills, IL
resolutions, three amendments,
and had four statements Of his
views published in the State
Journal Not once of these con-
cerned civil rights"
There was no vote on fair
employment practices legislation
| in the State Senate during the
two years Mr.. Martin was a
member (lo49-50)," continued
the 1t. Governor. "but there has
been no Indication he would
have disagreed with the present
state chairman of the COP and
the present Republican Speaker
of the State House of Repre-
sentatives. Both Of them, as
members of the House of Repre-
sentatives, voted against FEPC.'
Were proud that Michigan
Democrats in Congress and
Democrats in state government
here in Michigan-both In the
Legislature and in sdminlstra-
tive posts--not only speak out
for civil rights. but stand up and
are counted when there's a
chance TO take practical action
towards greater equality Of op-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
Eastside Community
Gets Federal Aid

The people of Detroit and the Committee for Neigh
borhood Conservation and Improved Housing have
ed two important mestones in their fight against neigh
borhood decay At victory dinner meeting in the Vet
Grams Memorial Building Tuesday, Oct. 15 it was
reached with the Federal Government, making Detroit
the first city in the nation to have Federay approved
Neighborhood Conservation project. On July IL, final
federal approval for grant OF $2,63OS74OO was re-
od
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19

Home and Information Center
at 3703 Baldwin, near Mack
and East Grand Boulevard. The
home provides a graphic ex-
ample of what can be done &c
improve an old dwelling.
The general public will tour
the Home from 2 pm. until
8 pm. Saturdays and Sun
days. beginning on Saturday.
Oct. Is. and continuing until
the project has fulfilled its
purpose. On weekdays. the
home will serve as a meeting
place for organizations Of all
types that are interested In
getting some firsf-hand point
ers on home improvement.
All visitors will receive 9
guided tour Of the home, which
includes a stop at the Home
Renewal Information Center
for free advice and printed
materials on all phases of home
repair and maintenance.
II was decided that the best
results could be obtained by
forming a non-profit corpora
ton, buying old houses in De-
troit's middle-aged areas, and
renovating them. Working cap
ital for the corporation is pro.
vided by contributions from in.
terested private industries.
Mr.. Ford urged those at the
meeting TO visit the Demon
siraiion Home. He said. Many
people whose homes are In
need Of improvement hesitate
because they do not under
stand how 10 60 about II or
because they fear that the cost
will be prohibiiive. We be-
iieve that The home will COM
bal this reluctance by showing
people what 10 do and how to
do H."
He added, I'VE have not spent
more money on individual i'm
provements than the average
family can afford. This vii
serve to answer most objectionl
concerning high cost Of hom'
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19

Boycott Leader
Leaves Detroit
For New Post

HAMPTON, Va.-Mrs. Rosa
L. Parks, the catalytic agent in
the historic Montgomery bus
boycott, began work last week
as hostess at Holy Tree Inn
guest house on the Hampton
Institute campus.
Mrs. Parks came 10 Hamp.
ton from Detroit where she'd
been living since moving from
Montgomery. Her husband. Q
barber. hopes TO join her here
soon.
After so much turbulencs.
ill-will heartache and uproof-
ing. am looking forward with
great pleasure 10 my work on
this serene, beautiful. college
campus" she declared.
Unknowingiy. Mrs. Parks pre-.
pared for her job here. During
most Of World War II she was
employed at the guest house al
Maxwell ALB in Alabama.
Her duties at Hampton include
supervision of campus rooms
for "a faculty members and OPP
Grafton of Trustee House, which
provides accommodations for
campus visitors. She replaces
Mrs. Alice Leedham, who re-
Gently retired after % years
service.
Despite her experience of be-
ing held by authorities in Ala
bama, the court trial and the
boycott Of her husband when ne
tried to get work, there was not
trace of bitterness in Mrs
Parks manner.
II was born in Tuskegee, grad
uated from Alabama State High
School, Alabama is my native
state. I am looking forward to
going back some day to visit
my many friends there" she
stated.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1957-10-19
Experts Call Flu Shots SenseIess"


IN. Y. Tribune 929)
San Francisco.
THE flesh profiteih nothing" uesvs).
"As man fhinketh SO Is he" 70. ~.
GOD TO HIS DETROIT TRIBUNE:
THE SATAN BOUND" PHYSICIANS ARE SLOWLY
BEING OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES NY INFALLl-
BILE THERAPEUTIcs-PURE. DIVINE META
PHYSICS OF Externally HARMONIOUS c-A-U-S-A-
TI-o-N AND THE INCOMPATIBLE RESULTS
THEREOF, AS ACHIEVED BY MY TWO MASTER
PHYSICIANS. METAPHYsIcIANs - CHRIST JESUS
AND MARY BAKER EDDY-MY INCOMPATIBLE
tses EXPERTS CALL FLU. Page q