davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1957-04-21
Carrier Saratoga
To Get New Home Port

Inc supercarrier Saratoga will
leave New York Tuesday for her
new home port in Florida and
ior operations in the Caribbean
the Navy announced yesterday
The 6o.0Oo-ton ship, second OF
the Forrestal class. will go first
70 Guantanamo Bay, to conduct
training exercises from May 6
through June 4. Thereafter
she will operate out of Mayport
Fla.. which also is the home base
Tor the carrier ForrestaI
Evening star., 1957-04-21

the Senate committee before his
scheduled May 20 appearance
before the council.
Senator Mundt. Republican oi
South Dakota. a committee men,
Der. said yesterday Beck's chal-
lenge Of his suspension would
increase the possibility of an
early recall.
Committee investigators are
said to have uncovered much ad-
ditional information on Beck's
financial transactions since his
appearance before the Senate
group last month.
This information, it is under.
stood. concerns companies which
Beck owns or has a substantial
interest in and which have had
dealings with the Teamsters.
Evening star., 1957-04-21

his March % request for a ruling
by Internal Revenue Commits
sioner Russell c. Harrington.
The money. as well as the prin-
ciple Of the thing. involves the
amount Senator Williams said
he did not spend from the $1,000
allowance for senatorial Office
stationery during the fiscal year
that ended June 80. 1856.
He interrupted his Easter re-
cess at his Millsboro, DEL, home
yesterday to emphasize, as he
did on the Senate floor last
Evening star., 1957-04-21

mouse, IA miles south O.
Plymouth.
It was the first excitement
Of the new Mayflower's tril
duplicating the voyage Of tn,
Pilgrim Fathers from England t,
America in 1920. The replica ha,
one big advantage: Two-wa,
radio communication with port
and other ships.
Mr.. Lewis was manhandlet
across the deck of Mayfiower I
and dropped into a photogra,
piers launch riding alongside. 4
member Of the crew later threw
down Mr.. Lewis overcoat anS
jacket.
Telephoned His Wife
The bedraggled stowaway wa.
brought back to Plymouth by tn,
photographers. He told newsmer
he arrived here only this morn.
ing and looked over the May
flower II from a small pleasure
boat in the harbor.
Mr.. Lewis said he telephonet
his wife and told her of his plan
before returning to the May
flower.
1T was the easiest thing IL
the world to stow away on thai
= Anybody coulc
have done It."
II, meanwhile
headed out into the English
Channel, without escort.
The Mayfiower was engaged
tonight in a slow and unexcitine
struggle against both tide anc
wind. There was almost no vino
but what little there was. beint
from the southeast, was against
the ship.
Battling Against Tide
The vessel made no progress.
westward and the incoming tide
due to reach its height abou
midnight at Plymouth. was try,
ing to sweep the ship back t,
shore.
But Mayflower looked forwart
to a favoring tide early tomor
row.
In six weeks. If Providence i
kind, this new l80-ton square
rigger will reach Plymouth
Mass. There, after an exhibition
visit to New York, she will re
main forever. a gift of Britain
to the people Of the Unitet
States.
The British sponsors of tn
new Mayfower, which left her
as the sun was lowering IN tn
west. hope she win become
symbol-like the Statue Of Lib
erty-of the Old Worlds affec
ton for the New.
Mayflower II. which structur
ally is a reproduction Of the his
toric ship in which the Pilgrim
Fathers ventured to New Eng
land. left here a minute befor
5 o'clock in the afternoon an
was towed past Drake Islanc
just as the original Mayfiowe
was three centuries ago.
The old Mayfiower, say som
historians. was pulled out Of tn
Shelter Of this splendid harhn
Evening star., 1957-04-21
MoyfIower II Sets Sail,
Stowowoy Is Put off

PLYMOUTH England April 20 [E9-Mayfower II set sail
or America from this English port today with 80 pilgrims
aboard-and stowaway.
Bob Lewis 27-year-od bakers salesman with wife and
two children in his London hiding
between decks as the wooden sailing ship Eddystone
Evening star., 1957-04-21

Thursday. that he really wants
to refund the money to the
Treasury and has been trying
to do it for several months.
More especially. he took issue
with Mr.. Humphreys statement
of last Friday night.
Offers to Receive Check
The Secretary. wishing to dis
pei any impression that the
Treasury would turn its back
even on 26 cents, much less on
Evening star., 1957-04-21
|WiIIioms Sti|IiWoitinq
For Ruling on Refund

Inerestpublc rather than nancial-accumuated yester
day $l50826 Senator Williams Republican Delaware
regreuly insisted he cannot refund that Treasury
promptly and painessy Secretary Humphrey suggests
He told The Star that he and the stand jus
as they until Controller General Joseph Campbell replies
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
Slight Soviet Gain Seen
In New Economic PIon

Each ministry had its own re-
pair shops. instead Of sharing
their use with others. AS q result,
repair shop capacity was seldom
fully used.
This duplication and cumber-
someness was known to Soviet
leaders for some time, but not
corrected because the Stalinists
feared sacrificing the measure OF
state control the vertical system
allowed.
The new system is q "hori-
zontal organization" 1t feature,
coordination Of industrial &C.
Itivity on the local level.
Is Ministries Abolished
Twenty-Five Of the 50 Soviet
industrial ministries are now be.
ing abolished. Seventeen will
remain unaffected. The 10 re.
naming ministries are beinf
reduced to eight. Six of these are
being relieved Of their respon.
sibilities for direct management
Of production.
Operation responsibilities ar,
being transferred from thes,
six Misunderstanding with air
craft. electronics. chemicals
shipbuilding, defense and cleo.
trio power stations-to o. loca
councils.
These % local-level operation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
Another Bank of United Stotes Case
Envisioned in Study of Treasury Policy
DORIS FLEEsON

Democrats who think they
know a good issue when they
see it are becoming increas-
ingly FESTIVE over the slow
start of the Senate Finance
Committees inquiry into the
Eisenhower administrations
monetary and fiscal policies.
What they fear is that
Treasury Secretary George
Humphrey and his gray emf
hence, the controversial IN
dersecretary Randolph Bur-
CESS, will disappear into the
tall grass of private life before
the proposed probe can get
well started. There is a fresh
spate of rumors fixing July /
as the departure date of these
two officials.
Personal devils are an i'm
perative in the successful de-
velopment Of a political issue
by a congressional committee.
Humphrey or Burgess or both
would I'LL the bill in this in
stance. and justly SO. because
they have in truth and in fact
made profound changes in the
management of the public
debt and the cost of money
generally. These changes have
created acute anxiety among
many economists. financial
experts and politicians.
The men who made them.
rather than their successors.
are the obvious choice to ex-
plain and defend their policies.
Undeniably. Humphrey and
Burgess have added annual
billions to the cost of carry
ing the huge public debt. The
only beneflciaries are the
banks. Critics OF the Hum
phrey Burgess management
believe they have by design
put the Government at the
mercy Of the bankers now and
in the foreseeaE!e future.
At the same time, the cost
Of doing business has been in
creased since the commercial
money rate tends to follow the
Treasury rate.
The enticing prospect that
some Senators see here is an
other Bank Of the United
States case where the question
was whether the Government
or the private banks would
control the central banking
system. That fight set the
character as nothing else did
Of the administration Of
Andrew Jackson as a cham
pion Of the people. 1t set a
pattern for the Democratic
Party which. in theory at least.
the party continues to follow.
The key figure in the COM
ing investigation is of course
the Senate Finance Chairman,
Harry Byrd Of Virginia. 1t is a
new role for that Southern
conservative. who has been al
most isolated in the Senate
for years and who has taken
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16

of naturalization" because
plant managers will still try to
hide some of their resources from
the planners. They also are
expected to avoid spectacular
"overfulfillment" of norms.
Crafty plant managers usually
shoot for l0l per cent "over-
fulfillment" of norms. rather
than los per cent or more. re-
searchers have found. The high
er production would cause norms
to be raised and reflect hard
ships on the plant workers.
Finally. experts believe the So
Wet system has become q pris-
oner Of its leaders public dedica-
ton to outproducing the United
States on a per capita basis.
With an acute manpower
shortage. reflected from the So
Wet Unions huge losses Of men
during the war, Washington
scholars expect the Soviet leaders
are doomed to q long period Of
Illustration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
Tax illusions in Budget Cutting

The demand for drastic cuts
in the Federal budget is COM
ing primarily from people who
think that's the way to get a
tax reduction. In Congress,
Of course, the economy drive
has given to members who
don't like certain types Of legis-
lation an opportunity to cur
tail appropriations. Thus. the
fight against Federal help for
the construction Of school
buildings is q controversy all
by itself. with many ramiiica-
tions. In the economy drive.
the school program can be de-
feated. and that will naturally
result in political trouble for
many Congressman up for
reelection.
Judging by the political
game being played by the
Democrats. who are, egging
the Republicans on to fight
one another. the chances Of
electing a Republican Con-
gress in 1858 are each day
growing DINNER. President
Eisenhower's leadership alone
can save the situation for the
Republican Party. But the
fight against foreign aid. and
even against the. military
budget itself, will tend to
weaken the solidarity Of the
Republican Party. all Of which
is grist for the Democratic
mill. Et
Eisenhower's speech was
denounced by the Democrats
on Capitol Hill even before
members of Congress heard it.
But the word has not yet come
in from the average citizen,
who is very likely to trust the
President to determine wheth-
er national security Is or is
not imperiled by budget cuts.
There are signs that the public
will not take "a fearful gam
BILE" with the Nations safety.
against which the presidential
speech warned.
It is too early to appraise
the impact of the Presidents
appeal. but it would not be a
bit surprising II q month
hence. as the facts about the
illusory tax reduction sink in,
the mood Of Congress becomes
one Of moderation rather than
extremes in budget-cutting.
Reproduction Rights Reservedl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16

warned Of penalties for those
who exercise the wrong initia-
tive.
The system retains the built.
in blinders. the scholars say
There are no market indicator.
to warn tn. State planners oil
scarcities. As a result. there /.
no accurate way of allocatine
resources economically
Pricing becomes q guessworl
proposition. Polish economist.
recently condemned the Soviet
system as arbitrary and capri
cious." Tie Stain regime useC
to get its bearings by referring
to world prices
No Efficiency Gauge
Without an interest rate on
capital. the Soviet system has
no gauge Of the most efficient
way to allocate its investments.
And the continued emphasis
on fulfillment Of five-year-p plan
goals Is expected to cause con-
tinued inattention to quality.
Experts expect a continuation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
DAVID LAWRENCE

If the Federal budget were
cut by SIS billion-which is
about the deepest cut anyone
has yet suggested-every tax
payer in the United States
would have to pay about $78
less taxes than before.
If the budget cut is only half
that sum - $3.50. 100000 -
which is about what many
leaders are saying could be
safely trimmed. the tax reduce
ton would amount to less than
$40 per taxpayer.
This assumes that none of
the money saved by budget
cutting would be used to retire
any Of the national debt. 1t
also assumes that corporation
taxes would remain as they
are and that the savings would
be divided on an equal basis
among all individual taxpay-
erS.
Yet there are many persons
.now participating in the hull
labaloo about the Federal
budget who really think that
hudget-cutting will mean sig
able reductions to them in
taxes. both as to individual
and corporation rates. The
illusion is widespread.
What isn't generally real
lied is that the Congress of
the United States. facing a
1858 election. would probably
follow the pattern Of giving to
the low-income groups the
largest amount, if not all, of
the tax reduction. In fact, in
q significant roll CAN in March
Of this year "a Senator's
Republicans and % Democrats
led by Senator Fulbright Of
Arkansas. Democrat. showed
their desire actually to in
crease the rates for all COR
porations earning above $25.-
900 a year in order to give a
tax benefit to companies earn
ing under that level.
When the possibility Of a
tax reduction came up for
consideration last year. a SUBJ
stantial number of members
Of Congress urged that the
personal exemption be raised
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
Little Relief Seen in Trimming $3.2 Billion
And Better Applied to National Debt

so as to benefit the lower in
come groups.
This is the trend in Con-
gress nowadays. If more
radicals are elected to Con-
gress on the Democratic side
next year, the chances are
that a tax law will be passed
which is designed to win the
largest number of votes. Hence.
taxpayers in the middle or
upper brackets are very likely
not to get much. If any. bene-
Mt from the present agitation.
Yet if national security is en-
dangered by the budget cuts
and an International crisis
develops. there would i'm
mediately be imposed higher
and higher taxes on taxpayers
in the middle and upper
brackets as well as on cor
porationS.
Assuming that big savings
could be made in the Federal
budget. the logical thing to do
is to use all Of it to retire the
national debt, which is al
ready too high. AS for the tax
burden itself. there Is every
evidence that the country has
absorbed it in a wave of pros
perity. The tax take is a
smaller proportion of the ma
tional income today than it
was in 1854.
The Department Of Com
merce in the last "a hours.
moreover. has reported that
personal income last month
established a new record. 1t
is running now at an annual
rate Of $3.50 billion. This is
about 81 billion higher than in
March and $l8 billion above
April. 1856.
The same ofiicial report says
more than half Of the 81
billion rise in April 1857 re-
suited from increases in wages
and salaries. dividends and in
terest and much Of the rest
was due to payments to farm
ers who are drawing old-age
benefits for the first time un-
der social security. Incl
dentally. 1t isn't likely that
many Congressman from farm
districts will want to economic
on that item.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16

headquarters are to be known as
"Sovnarkhozies." meaning Coun-
ellis Of National Economy. Sixty
eight Of these win be in the
heavily industrialized Russian
and Siberian Soviet Socialist
Republic. Eleven Sovarkhozies
will be placed in the Ukraine
The other Is republics Of the
USSR will each have one
Sovnarkhozy.
Formerly the local republic
governments had no say In in
dustrial affairs. Now they will
have q veto power over the
actions Of the new Sovnarkhozies.
And the chairman Of the republic
governments will sit on the
Council Of Ministers In Moscow
II these charges were made In
. free country. they would add
up to q more significant trans.
formation than in the Soviet
Union. experts believe. They
note that the Communist Party
still under centralized Moscow
control. will still prevent most
local-level decisions from block
ing Moscow plans.
Prices Stiu Set
The new system still retain
the basic framework Of the wal
economy" The State still de-
cides what to produce. still allo-
Gates production materials. and
still sets prices and wages.
The central government, still
very clearly retains Its veto pow.
ers over al aspects Of Soviet
economic development. the ex.
Iperts here believe.
| Party Boss Khrushchev hal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16

little if any part in Senate in
vestigations.
Byrd chose his new role de-
liberately. Senator Albert Gore,
a new member of the Finance
Committee. had proposed a
Joint investigation by the Sen
ate and House; by custom,
Gore would have been its chair
man. Byrd countered with the
proposal that the Finapce Com
mittee make the investigation,
itself. This automatically put
the reins in Byrd's hands.
Conservatives find it hard
to believe that Byrd will bear
down on Humphrey, Burgess or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
The Coming Monetary Inquiry

the Eisenhower administration
which he has supported. Cynics
are satisfied that he seized con-
troll of the investigation in
order to stif1e it.
Fellow committee members
deny all this emphatically.
They believe Byrd has been
thoroughly disillusioned by the
actions of the present Treas
ury heads. which have raised
the costs of Government and
of business generally. Although
he seems to be moving slowly
they are confident that he will
let the whole story unfold in
all its details.
(Constontine Brown is on vocotion.
His column will be resumed in The
Stor when he Eeturns.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-16
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike he has conservative In fact they're
calling him the big sound money spender.
Democrats reject kes budget plea Democrats
desperate for issue that resort they're even
willing to try solvency
Supreme Court Justice Douglas sends his wife To auto
mechanic school, He belongs modern husbands dot
herself school.
Social notes. The annual charity bazaar Bundles
for Beck" has been postponed indefinitely.
Actress Lillian Gsh wants Secretary Fine Arts in the
Cabinet First job to hire Salvador Dali paint abstrac
ton Of 1890 alarm cock-caed modern Repubcanism"
Soviet Premier Bulganin wants another Big Four con-
ference Ike isn't too keen golf They spend all
their time at the 18th hoetoaSting each they
didn't play.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27
proved by the committee.

proved by the committee.
Both Mr.. Stewart and Mr.
Montgomery, Reserve Air Force
colonies, were nominated for
brigadier general. Mr.. Mont
gomery left active duty two
years ago as a major general
to enter private industry.
Mrs. Smith put into the Con-
gressional Record her state
ment accusing Gen. ODonnelI
of extensive false testimony
concerning the nominations.
She claimed some of the Re-
servists up for promotion, in
GLIDING Mr.. Stewart. had not
been sufficiently active in Re-
serve training.
In his reply, Gen. O'Donnell
said all II persons on the pro-
motion list had taken part in
Reserve activities Ito the ex-
tent required" in order to be
considered for promotion.
The general said Mrs. Smith
indicated he had deliberately
falsi11ed his testimony with the
intent Of deceiving the COM
mittee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27

ton, deciding to wait until next
year. This just about kills the
last faint hope of lacking
postal rate increases on the
Federal pay legislation.
y i \ 4
ANNUITY BOOSTS-Mean-
while House sponsors Of the 10
per cent annuity increase bill
for retired Government workers
are seeking to have the House
schedule action on the meas
ure within the next few days.
In the final week Of Congress,
such a bill can be brought up
only under suspension Of the
rules, which require a two
thirds vote. The two thirds
vote probably can be attained.
1t is up to the leadership to
agree to suspension Of the rules.
If the House acts in time, an
effort will be made to bring the
bill up in the Senate. The Sen
ate leadership has made no
commitments on the measure
as yet.
Efforts also will be made in
the House to schedule action
this week on the Senate
approved bill to save the life
insurance policies Of $4,000
present and former Govern
ment workers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27

District and vicinity-Mostly
sunny, warm and dry today.
Fair and turning cooler tonight.
lowest around So. Mostly SUNNY.
dry and cooler tomorrow. high
est about rs. Winds, IL am
today. north-northwest, 10
miles per hour.
Maryland-Partly cloudy and
warmer today with chance Of a
few scattered showers IT the
west during the evening. Turn
ing windy and cooler tonight,
lowest 44-50 in the mountains
and in the sos elsewhere. ok
cept for a low near so over the
extreme southern portions.
Partly cloudy and considerably
cooler Wednesday.
Virginia-Fair and turning
cooler during the night. lowest
in the SOS in the west and
north and around so in the
southeast. Tomorrow mostly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27
Fd|sity Denied


It. Gen. Emmett O'Donnell
says he was shocked at the
harsh language" used by Sena-
tor Margaret Chase Smith, Re-
publican Of Maine, in accusing
him Of false testimony before
a Senate committee consider
ing reserve promotions.
One Of the proposed promo
tons would have made Movie
Actor James Stewart a briga-
der general in the Air Force
Reserve.
In a statement yesterday.
Gen. ODonnell-Air Force
deputy chief Of staff for per-
sonnel-said he had been
wrongly accused" Of false
testimony before the Senate
Armed Services Committee, of
which Mrs. Smith is a member.
he committee last week APP
proved nine Of IL Air Force
reservists nominated for promo
ton. The nine subsequently
were confirmed by the Senate.
Largely because Of Mrs. Smiths
opposition, the other two Mr..
Stewart and businessman j. B.
Montgomery-were not APP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27

is due to adjourn Friday or
Saturday.
Following action on the $546-
a-year postal pay raise bill, the
Senate may act on the House
approved II per cent classified
pay raise bill.
The Senate Democratic lead
ership last week had decided
against acting on the classified
pay measure this year.
However, it has been SUBJ
jected to a tremendous amount
OF pressure generated by the
various Government employe
unions = including the postal
groups-as well as the ALL
Go and the urging Of many
Senators who feel that CLASH
ned employees should be given
equal consideration with postal
workers.
Also. Senate Majority Lead
er Lyndon johnson has been
swamped with thousands OF
letters and kilograms from
Federal employe constituents in
Texas urging action.
Rounding out the hopeless
ness Of Federal pay raise
chances this year is the fact
that the Senate Civil Service
Committee will take no action
on postal. rate increase legisla-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-27
Moior Papers Reed
In Two-'Thirds Of
Homes, Study Says

NEW YORK, Aug. n R.-
This country's 38l principal
daily newspapers are read IN
two-thirds Of the Nations
households. a study Of METRO
politan dailies said today.
The 73-page study. Metro
politan Newspaper Markets, +"
was prepared for presentation
to advertising agency execu-
tives by Alan s. Donnahoe, vice
president. Richmond, Va,
Times : Dispatch and News
Leader. Mr.. Donnahoe report
ed on the study at a luncheon
meeting Of agency executives
here today. Similar meetings
will be held in Chicago tomor-
row and in Detroit Thursday
The study is an analysis Of
the 3S1 leading dailies pub
nSned IN the III metropolitan
areas Of the Nation, with ag-
gregate circulation Of 43,0o7,-
600.
The study was made inde-
pendently by Richmond News
papers, Inc.
Taking account Of duplica-
ton. the study says that. these
dailies are regularly read in
81 .449.O00 manipulated house,
holds"
The study indicates that
there are 2,544 counties-83
per cent Of the Nations total
within the zone of influence Of
metropolitan dailies. These
counties include SO per cent OF
all households in the Nation.
and "a per cent Of all retail
sales"