davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Justice on the Rush

The administrative reorganization
OF the Juvenile Court effected by Judge
Orm w. Ketcham is designed to expedite
the handling of cases awaiting action.
With new cases pouring in at a rapid
rate, the court staff has had difaculty
in keeping up with the load. But, un-
fortunately, any acceleration of the
administrative machinery will mean an
increase in the daily docket coming
before the courts lone Judge for con-
sideration. And Judge Ketcham already
has been forced to dispense justice on
q veritable assembly-line basis.
While any improvement in the ad-
ministrative Setup at the court is COM
mendable, the fact that stands out with
increasing clarity Is that the work of
the Juvenile Court has grown far beyond
the ability Of one Judge to cope with 1t.
OF course, Judge Ketcham can keep UP
with the docket II he gives only few
minutes to each case that comes before
him. But, of necessity, he is giving too
little consideration in each case as 1t is.
No Judge, not even a Solomon, can be
certain that justice has been served
when less than 10 minutes is devoted
to delinquency or other juvenile
problem.
The only real hope for improvement
at the court is legislation to add another
Judge to the tribunal. Until that is done
the cases will have to be showed through
the court on production basis.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Pay Raise in Offinq

President Eisenhower's comment on
Federal pay at his press conference
Wednesday seems to assure salary in
crease next year for all Government
employees. He said the Nation faces
necessary" pay raises for departmental
personnel, although he did not give any
details of what the administration has
In mind.
1t is certain that Congress, probably
early in the next session, will again send
to the White House pay legislation for
postal and classified employees, but the
amount of the increase may be smaller
than that voted last August, The Pres
ident killed that legislation by pocket
veto. He explained that the proposed
$546-a-year increase for postal workers
and the IL per cent raise for classified
workers would add $3.50 million TO Gov
ernment costs and would contribute to
inflationary pressures. He also pointed
out that the postal pay plan approved
by Congress would throw further out Of
balance the whole postal pay structure,
by aggravating existing disparities.
At that time, however, Mr.. Eisen-
hover held the door part way open to
a future raise-provided subcabinet
committee studying the pay problem
recommended an increase. It has been
reported recently that this group has
become convinced that some increase
is justified by rising living costs. And
a few days ago special Government
committee advised the President that
salaries Of scientists, engineers and
other specialists should be increased.
Mr.. Eisenhower gave the committees
report his general Endorsement.
Thus, the signs point to a change
OF attitude by the administration on the
pay-raise issue, with. good chances of
presidential approval of moderate in
creases for both postal and classified
employees. The President probably will
insist again, however, that the impact
on the huge postal deficit be Offset by
legislation raising postal rates. This
Is reasonable condition that Congress
ought to accept next session, despite
certain political pressures against higher
postage.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
NucIeor Pioneer

DR.. Ernest o. Lawrence, Sc, is a man
covered with many high honors, includ-
ing the 1889 Nobel Prize in physics. But
none Of them could be more becoming
to him than the Enrico Fermi Award for
1857. He has been chosen for it lit
consists Of medal, citation and $50,-
900 In cash) by unanimous vote of the
General Advisory Committee of the
Atomic Energy Commission, and the
decision is easy to understand in view
Of what he has accomplished as one
Of the worlds truly great pioneers in
the field Of nuclear science.
The committee itself has given the
best explanation of why this is so. Hail
ing DR.. Lawrence for the key role he has
played as physicist, teacher and organ
izer-including work that led to the
worlds first large-scale production of
Uranium 235-it has summed up his
genius In these words: IF one of his
contributions is to be singled out as
having paramount Importance, 1t is the
invention, in 1929, of the cyclotron, and
its subsequent development into most
effective tool for nuclear research.
without the cyclotron, it is hard to see
how the development Of nuclear physics
to its present advanced state could have
taken place."
But this is only part of the record
Of DR.. Lawrence's achievements over the
years. They have been years in which
he has attained worldwide renown for
Evening star., 1957-11-01

so easy TO understand 1t for
ourselves.
Happiness in defeat?
Is there any reason for
putting 1t so bluntly?
Yes. because 1t enables the
ambitious (who don't "ar-
rive" as we say) to under
stand completely what 1t is
that they are doing to them
selves.
They have failed, In the
great American search for
fame, and must be content
with watching others reach
the heights Of something or
other.
They have to make life
complete for themselves by
accepting q second rung on
the ladder Of fame.
The basis for their new
ladder of contentment is the
admission, sad though 1t may
be, that the fault Is probably
all ones own.
\ \ -
"I am not as good as I
thought I was"
The happy thought Is that
one never is!
Shakespeare knew the feel
ing; the master novelists. the
great composers, all knew
they were not quite as good as
they thought they were, too.
The degree Of lacking may
be less, but these great ones,
whom their day suffered the
glare on their noble fore
heads. felt it in the immen-
sity Of their power.
They, too. knew they were
not as good as they had
hoped to be. and hoped no
one else would recognize 1t.
The very dead center Of
peace Of mind is this, that
to reach those noble high
places one must depend on
others, when ones own dis
position tells one that one
should depend solely on the
self.
Emerson said it. long ago,
and few believed him.
No man Is an island, it is
true-but who wants to be
an island?
Or a continent, or q hemi-
sphere?
The self stands supreme,
In or out Of the limelight.
Once a man has admitted
to himself that he Is not as
good as he thought he was,
he can 60 on to being as
good as he can be.
That is his refuge.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Apology Accepted

I was warmed by the pro-
test OF the Subscriber" who
objected to the Televue cover
of October 20. Certainly many
Star readers were disap-
pointed in the bad taste 1t
demonstrated. but how many
of us took the time to let you
know?
The same principle applies
to indecency in all media of
mass communication. The
producers Of Aims, radio and
television programs, and edi-
tors Of newspapers and maga-
zines are sure to be keenly
sensitive to the demands of
decency and good taste If the
public will permit nothing
else. That is, If said pro-
ducers and editors are re-
sponsible men.
With this background, I
can now shout bravo" to
your Subscriber" and a
double bravo" to The Star.
Your apology to your readers
and your admission that the
picture in question was in
bad taste are most commend
able. I. for one. accept your
apology and return. its good
will a hundredfold. May such
integrity as yours spread and
flourish. demonstrating the
true character of decent
America.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
The Presidents Dilemma

Speaking of the strains, stresses and
complexities involved in trying to wipe
out racial segregation, the President has
had the following to say at his latest
news conference: II personally believe
this problem is never going to be solved
without patience and tolerance, con-
sideration. We just simply cannot solve
1t completely just by fiat or law and
force. This is deeper human problem
than that"
There are few Americans (the ex-
ceptions being the all-or-nothing doc
trinaires) who Will disagree with the
Presidents view. Yet he himself, with
little faith in the efficacy Of fiat or law
and force" sent the Federal troops to
Little Rock. He did so because he con-
cluded that his constitutional RESPONSE
bilities left him no available alternative.
And presumably, given the same set of
circumstances elsewhere, he would do
the same thing again.
Here is his great and painful di-
lemma. On the one hand, as President,
he must do what he believes the Con-
stitution impelS him to do On the other
hand, as man well aware Of all the
emotional factors involved, he has ac-
knowledged that the use of force cannot
change human nature or make matters
better than they are. His suggestion
that the outlook in Little Rock seems
to improve daily" sounds wiStful No
one doubts the Presidents prayerful
hope that 1--WE soon can be confident
enough Of the situation that we can
remove all Federal force" Yet the longer
the troops-representing nat, law and
force-remain, the less chance there is
for "a spirit Of real conciliation," with
patience and tolerance, consideration"
to supplant them.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Crisis in Teaching

The growing seriousness Of the
teacher shortage In this country is
shown in a report just issued by the
United States ONCE of Education. A
survey Of schools in all parts of the
Nation has disclosed that half of all
teachers who entered the profession last
year have no intention of making a
career Of teaching. The majority ex-
pected to leave for other pursuits within
five years.
When the findings Of this survey
are considered against the background
OF the present shortage of teachers, the
gravity of the crisis confronting educa-
ton in America becomes evident. Ed
ucation Commissioner Derthick pointed
out, further, that in addition to the
alarming turnover of teachers every
year, many young men and women who
are trained to teach fail to take teach
ing positions" For example, 80 per cent
of last years graduates who had looked
toward teaching careers entered other
fields.
The present school year began with
a shortage of $4,000 teachers, Commits
SlOllCI Oc1 tAA1Ch Sdlu. TUT HldIly SCIlOOlS
this meant classes too large for one
teacher to handle efficiently-with con-
sequent impairment of educat'~n. In
short, today's children are the chief
victims Of the scarcity Of qualified in
structors. And there is no sign that con-
ditions will improve in the foreseeable
future.
While the Federal report did not
attempt to assign reasons for the lack
Of interest in teaching, the report said
that the median starting salary for
teachers in the country as a whole is
$500, with the median, dropping to
$2,750 for the upper South" States Of
Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee and
Kentucky With industry waging an
intensive drive to recruit young scien-
lists, 1t is not surprising that many
science graduates who had planned
teaching careers are being diverted into
private industry. Since schools are not
in position to compete with industry
in pay contest, the problem faced by
the schools is one for general public
concern. Yet the teacher shortage must
be solved, somehow, If public education
is to survive.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Crime Pooe?

1t seems. to me that the
tragic story of the Alta Vista.
Va, mother who killed her
two daughters could have
been printed somewhere
other than on the front page.
I'd like my children to read
the front-page news-but
certainly not this gruesome
story. Why not a separate
page for crime and tragedy
Just as you have for obitu-
aries. sports or finances?
Then, II one chooses to skip
these unpleasant incidents
or protect q child from the
knowledge Of such criminal
acts as are committed today,
one need only discard that
page. q
Dorothy A. FaIIse.
Evening star., 1957-11-01

Your editorial writer had
a field day with the case of
Pvt. Shut. the mathemati-
clan whom the Army had as
signed as a typist. I wonder
why he didn't examine the
question Of Army VS.. aca-
demic bureaucracy regula-
tions and red tape. His pro-
fessor says that Pvt. Shut
is the outstanding mathe-
matical genius whom he has
encountered in 80 years of
work, but the university re-
fuses to give him a piece of
paper which certifies this
fact because he has not COM
pleted one course credit in
physical education.
Many people who have ex-
perienced the bureaucracy of
the military and the bu-
reaucracy of the university
feel that there is little to
distinguish between them.
Francis L. BranniEan.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
KremEn Friction

1t seems that Marshal
zhukov baked at the pro-
posal that he take over Bull
ganin's Job as sputnik Of
Khrushchev since he realized
that this would mean being
kicked up, only to come down
eventually with q thud, and
perhaps destroyed.
That all was not well be-
tween Zhukov and Khru-
shchev was noticed during
the party welcoming Gen.
Twining in June, 1856.
Zhukov showed discomfort
in the face Of Khrushchev's
antics in the presence of inn
portant foreign dignitaries.
In q letter to the editor of
the New Leader October Z,
Boris I. Nicolaevsky, a keen
observer Of Soviet affairs,
wrote: "In World War II.
IZhukovl was the leading
representative of the school
of Soviet commanders who
believed In only one kind Of
war: the total variety. A
protege Of Malenkov, he
turned against him when
Malenkov deemed it neces-
sary to cut military expendi-
lures. He supports Khru-
shchev because the latter
favors unlimited arms appro-
priations. Anyone who pins
his hopes on a man like
Zhukov does not grasp the
menace Of total war in our
time"
Perhaps Zhukov, playing
up the "idealistic" side of
communism. does not care
much for such Khrushchev
materialisms as, 1T is not
bad If. in improving the
theory of Marx, one throws
in a piece of bacon and q
piece Of butter" Or, when
you have a hungry stomach
1t is sometimes difficult to
understand the theories of
Marxism : Leninism." It is
true that Khrushchev skates
on thin ice with promises to
the people that he cannot
keep. but the old soldier
Zhukov. with some popu-
larity among the simple
minded Soviet citizens with
illusions about him, may
not understand Khrushchev's
need for demagogy.
Sidney KOretz.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
VSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Stronqe Trees Bloom in VenezueIo

tinue to grow after the
blossoms have dried and
change In color from green
to white and finally bright
red. A bloom win measure
three to four inches IN de
ameter.
A species called rose Of
the mountain has been de-
scribed as the most beautiful
Towering tree in the Amer
icas. It grows In mountain
forests near Caracas. It is Q
stout-branched tree which
reaches Q height Of 80 to 40
feet. The spectacular flower
head is like that Of the rhodo-
dendron, made up Of q great
number Of tightly packed
deep pink or red blossoms.
Often eight inches across,
these flowers are borne at
the tips Of branches on short
spikes. The flowers around
the margin open first, those
nearer the center blooming
in succession. tier above tier.
until at last the whole mass
becomes q globe Of living
and glowing crimson.
"Shower Of Gold" Tree
About as notable Is the
Shower Of gold" tree. The
flowers grow in hanging
clusters one to two feet long.
They are five petalled and Q
clear canary yellow In color.
The appearance Of the
pendant clusters is somewhat
like that Of the wisteria. The
seeds are used to treat o
multitude Of illnesses and the
bark makes q good dye.
The fragrant flowers Of the
frangipani are equalled only
by the jasmine In sweetness
and penetration Of scent.
The large, waxy flower Is
composed Of five overlapping
petals which spread In star
fashion. The tree blooms the
year round but bears its
greatest number Of flowers
before the rainy season. The
blooms normally are bright
red.
Notable also Is the Vene-
zuelan acacia which bursts
overnight into scarlet-orange
bloom Immediately before the
rains and before its first
leaves appear. The orchid
like flowers bloom in dense.
broad clusters. Indians have
found q way Of capital
izing on the presence Of
wood-boring ants. The slen.
der but tough twigs, scru-
pulously followed out by the
ants. are q favorite material
for the stems Of pipes.
Flowers Of the tulip tree
always are spectacular. This
often is called the fountain
tree from the fact that the
unopened bud. wnen squeezed
between the fingers, will spurt
water. Boys use thc5e buds
as effective water pistols.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
Aggressive


Since August, 1945, our
leaders have been pussy
footing from one interna-
tional crisis to another.
Through the lack of leader
ship and q firm foreign
policy the American people
have been in a perpetual
dilemma and constant mental
turmoil. Seven years ago
several hundred thousand
Americans. including myself,
were embroiled in a political
police action. Rather than
lend an ear to MacArthur's
military logic President Tru-
man chose to gumshoe and
delay the inevitable.
Since our politicians are
SO ineffective as to be steadily
defeated in a 12-year cold
war, then 1t is only logical to
change tactics. We must face
the inevitable regardless Of
Sputnik and the Red ICBM.
If the Communist world is
spelling for a fight, we, of
all people, can accommodate
them.
Let's hasten to excherge
worn-out gum shoes for hob
nailed jackboots.
Briggs d. EversOn.
Evening star., 1957-11-01

@. II q State requires q
three-day waiting period for
a marriage license does this
include the day 1t is applied
form. E.
A. The usual State regula-
ton is that q certain num-
Der Of calendar days must
elapse or intervene between
the day on which application
is made and the day on which
the license is granted. If an
application Is made on Mon
day. for instance, and q
three-day wait Is required.
the license would not Be
issued until Friday.
Evening star., 1957-11-01

Q. When did Gertrude
Ederle swim the English
Channel?-E. Z.
A. August 9. 1925. Miss
Ederle then 10 years old.
swan from Cape Gris-Nez,
France. to Kingsdown Beach,
England. In II hours, 81 min.
utes, breaking the previous
record by over two hours.
She was the sixth person
land first woman to swim
the Channel. The estimated
distance covered by Miss
Ederle was between 81 and
IS miles: the water tempera-
tzrs was el.7 degrees y.
Evening star., 1957-11-01

Venezuela Is the land Of
some Of earth's most fantastic
blossoming trees.
The strange flora Of the
republic, whose domain in
cludes perpetually snow-cov-
cred mountains, evergreen
meadows and impenetrable
jungle. has been studied by
DR.. Ebert ]. Little, jr., of
the U. s. Department Of Agri-
culture, as a visiting profess
sor at the University Of the
Andes and the results Of his
work soon are to be published
by the Venezuelan forestry
department.
Most notable Of the spe-
cies described by DR.. Little
is the araguaney. the coun-
try's national tree. for which
he suggests the English name
trumpet tree" on account of
its large, golden, trumpet
shaped flowers. This tree,
he explains, blooms in the
dry season when 1t drops all
its leaves and presents q mar
velous array Of brilliant, gol-
den blossoms. It belongs to
the same family as the North
American catalpa.
Blooming wild Chestnut
Another blooming tree is
the wild chestnut whose large
solitary flowers, sweet and
powerfully scented, are scat
tered among the dense foliage
like elegant aigrettes. Five
long, red petals, growing in
q bud shaped like a small
horn, fold back as the flower
opens-a foot long with hun
dreds Of long. brushy sta
mems. Emerging from the
slightly tubular calyx, the
filaments are joined together
for half their length and
then divide into five bundles
from which they branch re-
peatedly. Thus the whole
number exceeds q thousand
Tor a single blossom.
This plume Of white sta
mems often measures more
than q foot across. The
bloom opens during the night
or during the earliest hours
Of the morning, but fades
within a day and drops its
crimson petals. Finding the
nutlike seeds edible, and
believing them to be espe-
cially nutritious for pregnant
women. natives have trans
planted the tree from the
jungle to the vicinity of their
settlements.
In the fall. the tall, slen-
der tree becomes q giant
white bouquet. The flowers
are borne in large, very dense
clusters which are pure white
when young. changing to
pink in their prime and be-
coming brown at maturity.
The most notable ornamen-
tai features of the tree. how
ever, are the large, shuttle
cock-like calyces which con.
Evening star., 1957-11-01

many things, including his inspiring
leadership and experiments as director
of the University of California Radi-
alton Laboratory. He is one of those
very rare men, an authentic genius,
whose labors profoundly affect the
everyday lives of all Of us in our revo-
lutionary atomic age. That is why the
new honor accorded him seems singu-
larly well deserved.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sGtion.
Evening star., 1957-11-01
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES Z. TRACEWELL

The saddest words of
tongue or pen are supposed
to be cit might have been,"
according to the poet.
But it just isn't sol
The saddest words are, ac-
cording to our information:
II am not as good as I
thought I was"
When q man says that to
himself. he is on the way to
true wisdom. but 1t is sad.
It is no pleasure to realize
it, finally.
Many men never do it: the
blow to their self-esteem is
too great.
They had rather go the rest
Of their lives putting the
blame on others for the plain
fact that they did not reach
the heights.
What are these heights?
In America. 1t Is publicity.
isn't It?
We are so geared that most
Of us want to shine in the
eyes Of others, and have so
rigged our composite living
that basking in others ap-
proval is the way we do 1t.
Now, not everyone can get
this sort of publicity.
Newspapers, radio, televi-
SION
These, and books, make UP
the invisible world in which
we live. We want to do some
thing striking in life. which
will lure the admiration Of
others.
No matter how successful
we are, unless we have this
type Of limelight. we are
failures. or semifailures, In
America.
4 y = 4
It is lack of these things
that pushes one finally to the
sad admission, II am not as
good as I thought I was"
The only thing to do then
Is to build up a personal
philosophy of happiness in
defeat, If 1t can be done, be-
cause it has been done.
There are plain drawbacks
to publicity, the basking In
public favor, the warmth and
vigor Of the limelight most
people crave. though most
might not admit 1t so readily.
Just stepping forward into
1t for a few days singes many
ambitious wings, and ruins
the inner life. We see 1t
everywhere and know 1t for
what it is In others; it is not
Evening star., 1957-11-01

Here is a proposal for men
of good will on both sides of
the integration question:
Submit the Fourteenth
Amendment to Congress and
the AZ States for ratification.
II it is a good amendment
and three-quarters of the
States say they want it,, let
1t stay in the Constitution.
If 1t is not a good amend
ment it is about time we stop
playing like 1t is a part of the
Constitution and repudiate 1t
by using the machinery pro-
vided in the Constitution.
This would at least be q
good way to determine once
and for all whether or not
the amendment was ever
legally ratified.
Denald =. Haynea
Evening star., 1957-11-01
18th Amendment

Misled by the anemic law
discussions Of David Law
renee, in your issue Of October
~, Walter Fielder proposes
a congressional investigation
to determine the constitutions
ality of the Fourteenth
Amendment.
Mr.. Fielder overlooks the
minor point that consti-
tutional questions are de-
termined. not by the legisla-
tive branch. but by the ju-
dicial branch.
Also. he insults the brilliant
Southern lawyers who argued
for school segregation, be-
fore the Supreme Court,
without questioning the va
lidity Of the Fourteenth
Amendment.
Moreover, Mr.. Fielder
strangely stops short in this
legal nightmare. In 1865 the
Constitution did not forbid
either secession or human
slavery. and the surrender
agreement at Appomattox
was-holy horror-produced
by force, by a bayonet at the
throat Of Lee. So. let's set
the Civil War aside, agree
that the Union movement was
a great mistake. approve the
neo-secession program Of the
Ku Klux Klan, and authorize
the heirs Of former slave
holders to sue in the Court of
Claims for the value of the
slaves who were freed.
Ottamar Hamele.