davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Clinton Judqe

This is as good time as any to pay
tribute to the impartial manner in
which the Clinton, Tennessee contempt
trial was conducted by Federal Judge
Robert L. Taylor.
Judge Taylor's injunction forbid
ding interference with migration at
the Clinton High School was sweeping
in its language. So much so, that even
such a pro-civil rights organization as
the American Civil Liberties Union pub
licly expressed concern.
When it came down to the trial of
John Kasper and his codefendants for
conspiring to violate the injunction,
however, Judge Taylor was the person.
ification Of even-handed justice At no
time did he endeavor, as judges can do.
to influence the jury in favor of the
prosecution. II anything, according to
The Stars correspondent at the trial,
he was inclined to lean toward the de-
Tense on close questions Of law. 1t may
be that the outcome Of the trial, which
seemed to surprise many people, was
due in part to the jury's appreciation
OF It's fair conduct by the presiding
judge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Postal Pay Vote

The size of the House vote 1919 to
3S) for pay raise for postal workers
is being hailed as evidence that a two
thirds majority can be mustered to
override presidential veto. We think
this is so much wishful thinking.
OF course, the pay raise bill has not
passed the Senate, and therefore may
not get to the President at all. If it
should go to the White House in its
present form, however, it would presage
a rise of some $3.50 million a year in
the postal deficit, now lowering around
half billion yearly. There have been
repeated warnings that the President,
in such circumstances, would veto the
measure, and the chances of overriding
such veto would be slim indeed.
II the House members who rallied
to the support of the postal workers on
the pay bill are sincere, they will now
proceed to force out of the Rules Com
mittee and pass the bill to increase
postal rates. This would reduce the
prevailing deficit by some $462 million,
and very probably would induce the
President to approve the pay increase.
If 1t is not done there is little likelihood
that the postal workers will get to
pocket any of that fiat $546-a-year
raise so generously voted by the House.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

force against the rebellion led by the
former Imam of Oman unquestionably
would prompt new Arab accusations of
British imperialism" Helping to COM
plicate the whole problem is our own
close relationship with the Saudi Ara
bian government and the danger that
British action in the troubled states may
be interpreted as rejecting a British
American conflict for supremacy in the
area. And in London, the opposition
Labor Party already has laid it's lines
to attack the Macmillan government
Thus far, British authorities are de-
scribing the affair as one of localized
unrest" and their own preparations
mostly as precautionary" But Jet
fighters have made some rocket strikes
at rebel forts and it is not yet clear
whether the unrest" will soon get better
or worse. It will be fortunate II these
descriptions prove to be and continue
to be appropriate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

book, 1.-THE Tanning Of the
Nations" Prof. Northrup says
in effect that the mind and
plan of God can best be known
through the discovery of ma
lures laws; and those who
use those laws for mans
benefit are in closer and more
certain touch with that mind
and plan than those who
neither know nor use them
in that way. Western tech
nology reflects that closeness
of touch, that surer knowl-
edge and harmony.
Our invention and use of
"materialistic" products, even
as our so-called "gadgets. p"
are proof of this greater
spiritualistic nearness to that
mind and plan. If this is
what Zhukov meant by ma
terialistic," Prof. Northrup's
answer would have given him
something to think about,
if he is indeed an honest
and an earnest man. And
many WesternerS as well as
Asians might reflect upon it
with profit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Carolina Inteqrotes

Three North Carolina communities
have taken small but significant step
toward compliance with the Supreme
Courts public school deSegregation de-
ciSion.
1t is small step in the sense that
only IL Negro children (53 applied) are
to be admitted to the public schools of
Charlotte, Greensboro and Winston
Salem next year. There is strong public
sentiment against indignation in North
Carolina, however, and it is doubtful
that the local school boards, with either
wisdom or safety, could have undertaken
more at this time.
1t is a significant step because it
reflects an awareneSS on the part of the
Carolina school authorities that there
must be some indignation if the public
school system is to be preserved. The
States pupil assignment plan has re-
ceived tentative approval in the courts.
But 1t certainly would not survive If
used to close all white schools to all
Negro applicants. So the local school
boards, at least in these three cities, are
moving cautiously toward some inte-
grafton. At best, it will not be easy. In
Greensboro, the board voted to admit
six Negro children to white schools, and
announced its readiness to transfer to
all-white schools any white child whose
parents objected to racially mixed
classes. Even so, a proSegregation
speaker berated the board, while an
overflow crowd applauded him.
In other areas of North Carolina
public reaction may be even more hos
tile and more bitter. But the alternative
to some indignation is to close the public
schools, and the step which has been
taken suggests that the school authori-
ties do not propose to fall back on this
drastic and, in the long run, probably
unavoidable device.
The Carolina action leaves Virginia,
with its policy of no indignation any,
where, in an isolated position. The
Fourth Circuit Court, which tentatively
approved the North Carolina assignment
plan, has made it clear that Virginia's
pupil placement plan cannot stand if
1t is used as no-integration weapon.
Despite this ruling, the State officials, so
far. are standing pat. In our opinion,
however, this can lead only to disaster
for Virginia'S public schools system. 1t
is too bad that the Old Dominion au-
thorities will not take leaf from the
North Carolina book, and turn this ter
ribly difficult problem back to the local
governing bodies for solution at the local
level.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Conserving Water

Certain sections Of New
Jersey are using a more real
istic system Of water con-
servation than the practice
OF forbidding all sprinkling
Their restriction is worded
as follows:
"Hand-held MOBILES only
permitted. with sprinklins
restricted to the hour be-
tween 8 and Q pm. No auto
matte systems.
This would still permit the
watering Of selected plants
and q limited lawn area and
stop those persons who turn
on an automatic sprinkline
system and 80 Of for hours
to the movies and let hun
dreds OF gallons Of water 90
into their lawn.
G.WD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Rebellion in Arabia

1t seems premature, at least, to de-
scribe the current British show of
force" in the lower Persian Gulf area as
a second Suez" adventure. And yet the
elements are present in the rebellion-
troubled areas Of Oman and MuScat in
the southeast corner of the Arabian
peninsula for another significant test OF
British influence and policy in the
Middle East.
The ruling Sultan of the adjoining
states has been supported and subsidized
by Britain under long standing treaty
relationship. Political jurisdiction over
part Of the territory has been questioned
by Saudi Arabia, however, and the issue
has been under on-again-off- again ne
gotiation for several years. The fact
that boundaries never have been clearly
fixed is only one of the basic stumbling
bees in reaching an agreement. And
while the area itself appears to be only
dreary and sparsely inhabited desert,
the potential stakes are great. In a
material sense, the prize may be large
untapped reservoirs Of oil-already un-
der profitable production in so many
other parts of the Arabian peninsula
and in Persian Gulf territories. At stake.
too, are British prestige and perhaps the
very existence OF other treaty relation
ships with Bahrein, Kuwait and Qatar-
already important oil-producing regions
Defeat or default Of British influence in
Oman and Muscat probably would result
in deterioration Of the British position
In these other territories. Conversely.
unrestricted British Intervention by
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
GEORGETOWN.

GEORGETOWN.
Dear Sir:
Tell me how to attract the
hummingbirds.
These tiny creatures al
ways have fascinated me,
When / was a child. / used to
chase them. and never catch
them, much to my dismay.
Nov that I am grown to
mans estate, I still find these
the most fascinating of birds.
Friends tell me that this
section Of the city is famous
for them. Why is this?
Anything you can tell me
on the subject Of feeding
them will be appreciated.
Sincerely, H. j. p"
Georgetown's premier po-
sition as a hummingbird cap
ital is due to the fact that
many annual flowers are
grown over there.
Red clay soil is good to
grow flowers with bell-shaped
blossoms, and these are the
particular favorites Of the
hummers.
So the first thing our cor
respondent must do is TO put
in the ANIMALS, especially
those with belled flowers. and
particularly the red ones.
The favorite petunia. for
instance, is a must" with
hummingbirds. They like
pink
Another thing to do is TO
put out small walls Of sugar
water.
These Walls may be pur :
chased in many colors. but
a plain test tube will do.
II can be wired TO a shrub.
and filled almost to the brim
with water in which sugar
has been dissolved.
A thick syrup is best.
The tube is slanted a bit,
so that the liquid is easily
reached. But the hummer bill
is long and can reach down
q good way.
Small insects, Of course.
will come TO the feast. too.
and these are particularly
relished by, the small birds.
both for themselves and their
babies.
Most Of US never see a
hummingbird's nest.
This Is because 1t Is placed
high in q tree. and 50 much
resembles a sort Of knot in
the wood that II is over
looked.
II is not much larger than
a thimble. and the eggs no
bigger than the end Of a little
finger.
Hammers sometimes place
nests in other places. OF
course. so II is . good thing
TO be on the lookout for them.
The tiny babies. no larger
than bumblebees. are fed with
tiny insects - perhaps from
the sugar tubes.
One hummer IL known 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

The Cathedral Heights
Cleveland Park Citizens As
ISOLATION joins the seven
citizens associations of the
Northwest area who recently
condemned the proposal of
the National Capital Plan
ming Commission that the
Glover Archbold Park be
used as an expressway route.
The reasons for our position
are that % it is a breach
Of good faith and abuse Of
ground given for the purpose
of a park: 90 it results in a
devaluation of high-grade
single residences and luxury
apartments, and 90 such
highway will traverse one of
the finest residential districts
and damage the district and
adjacent properties with
noise and traffic congestion.
1t is difficult to understand
the serious objections made
in connection with the use
Of a strip through Rock
Creek Park or a route along
the Potomac and then pro-
pose a truck highway through
land given and accepted as
park land and which is des-
perately needed for such pur-
pose in the area in which
located. This association has
previously gone along with
the District officials in rec
ommending a parkway for
passenger cars only through
this park area. provided it
meets approval Of the donors.
and development Of the re-
naming area for the pur-
poses for which it was orig
inally given. Residents Of
the area. as well as business
men on Wisconsin avenue
will join the donors Of the
land in their protest against
the contemplated dissertation.
Mrs. Walter A. Sellers,
Chairman. zoning. Ca
thedral Heights-Cleve-
land Park Citizens As
ISOLATION.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Stronger, Not Weaker

There were other motives which in
fiuenced the votes of Senators yesterday
to strike out the controversial provisions
Of Part of the civil rights bill. It is
reasonable to believe, however, that
many of the Senators. in the majority
were honestly seeking an affirmative
answer to question asked by Senator
Smith of New Jersey in recent debate:
shall we now unitedly join in sincere
movement toward real cooperation with
a view to accomplishing first things
f1rSt-the right to vote?"
BY naming the right to vote as the
thing to take first, Senator Smith was
not advocating the neglect of other civil
rights also subject to abuse or denial
which were covered in Part 8. The Sem
ate majority in yesterdays vote included
many Senators vigorously sympathetic
with removal of all forms of racial dis
elimination in this country, but fearful
OF a blunderbuss legislative attack on
too many targets. They questioned it's
practicability as well as its wisdom as a
matter of public policy. In addition, too
many uncertainties, lacking convincing
explanations, had been exposed in Part 3.
There are many who will consider
yesterdays vote weakening, or iva
tering down." of the civil rights bill.
The more logical belief is that it will
strengthen the bill If the new resort
to enforcement of law by injunction in
the complex field of civil rights is going
to prove effective, that proof should be
most readily available through efforts
OF the Federal Government to prevent
the unlawful denial of voting rights.
The bill would also be strengthened,
not weakened, by some amendment that
will draw the line between the circum-
stances in which trial by Jury is the right
of any defendant who asks for it, and
those in which courts will exercise their
powers in contempt proceedings with
out a jury, such as the O'Mahoney
amendment. That amendment has been
revised as the debate of the past ten
days has brought the issue into sharper
focus. 1t draws a distinction between
civil contempt and criminal contempt.
In civil contempt the judge seeks COM
pliance with the courts orders without
jury, and the defendant "holds the key
to his own cell" by his ability to purge
himself of contempt by compliance. In
criminal contempt, the judge is admin
istering punishment for violation of his
order as we'll as for the commission of
criminal offense, and that punishment
is after the event and beyond practical
enforcement of his order. The Clinton
trial is the most readily available exam
pie of the type of contempt case in
which jury should sit, and, under the
OMahoney amendment, would sit.
The contention that such an
amendment would weaken the bill is
unrealistic. A failure to adopt it will
stir up more snakes than it kills, and
If beaten down will represent the sac
riflce Of one civil right in the hope of
strengthening another one, lending to
the bill punitive" character that
President Eisenhower said he wanted
to avoid.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES (. TRACEWELL

have built a nest over an
electric light bulb.
A windowbox OF pink pc
tunias will do wonders toward
attracting them. The ruby.
throated hummingbird is the
only one Of its kind to come
here.
The male is a mite bigger
than the female and he has
the red patch at his throat.
His mate IS all green.
1t Is very easy to mistake
one form of the sphinx moth
for the female hummer. He
is green. too. and shaped a
little like a hummer but the
main point Is that he hovers
over flowers in Just the same
way.
The difference. however. is
easily marked. When one
stands over them. the insect.
unlike the bird. does not fash
away
Instead, 1t remains poised.
so much so that one may cup
a hand down over It, without
it once giving over its search
for nectar.
Hummingbirds will hover
over a box Of petunias in the
same way. and will remain
there while human beings eat
at table a few FEET away. But
the moment a hand is pro-
truded. away the birds fash.
Some people think hummers
never perch as other species.
but this is not true: they
often may be seen motionleSs
on a clothesline or telephone
wire.
The finest hummingbird
sight we ever saw was a mi
mosa tree in nearby Mary
land with 10 hummers in II
at once, actual count.
1t was then very easy 10
understand why they we're
called "hummingbird." The
sound Of just one bird is
mostly lost in the noise OF
the modern world.
This column has been asked
II humming birds are ever
caught by insects.
Yes. actual photographs ex-
list Of a hummer In the clutch
Of a praying mantis.
1t may be believed. how
ever. that this Is q rare oc-
currence in nature. and only
happens 10 a sick bird or one
almost dead from some other
cause.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
THE POLITICAL MILL
Amended Rights Bill Still Impressive
By GOULD LINCOLN

Abraham Lincoln's Emanei-
patton Proclamation and, af-
ter the war. attempted en-
forcement Of Negro voting
and the reconstruction era.
BY this and that device. the
whites restricted Negro vot-
ing in the South. and it has
remained restricted to q
great degree in the States Of
the deep South.
In 1890 the famous Force
bill, which would have put
the full power Of the Federal
Government squarely behind
the Fifteenth Amendment to
the Constitution barring any
discrimination in voting be-
cause Of race or color, was
introduced by Senator Henry
Cabot Lodge Of Massachu-
sets. It was filibustered to
death in the Senate.
The rest Of the country ap-
parently was not at that time
disposed to force the issue to
a final conclusion. Seemingly.
the Senate, and perhaps the
rest Of the country, is not dis
posed to force immediate &C
ton on desegregation of the
public schools, but prefers to
have it proceed in moderate
fashion.
Emphasized Voting Aspect
The administration, If it
had intended to use the pres
ent civil rights bill as a meas
ure to speed up school deseg-
regation. should have so an
nounced at the start. In
stead, all the emphasis was
placed by the President on its
use to get the Negro full en-
reimbursement. The votes
the thing, he said. And when
he demurred over the provi-
sion-Section III-which au-
thorized the Federal Govern
ment to step in with civil
suits and no jury trials for
contempt of court orders in
desegregation cases. the jig
was up.
The next big fight in the
Senate will come over the
proposal to compel jury trials
in cases involving the fran
chise and contempt of court
orders. If that fight should
be lost to the Southern
Democratic Senators and
their allies, it would be q
much severer blow to the
administration and the civil
rights forces. While many
Republican Senators have
been willing to support
amendments against Section
III. they are not expected to
go along with the jury trial
amendment or amendments.
The civil rights bills prog
ress in the Senate has been
remarkable up to the present.
In the past, the filibuster has
been adopted to head of all
such legislation at the drop
of the hat. But the Southern
tiers have held, and are hold
ing, this weapon in reserve.
a kind of ace in the hole.
They may yet make use of it.
and by unlimited debate seek
to kill the bill. If the meas
ure does pass the Senate. 1t
must go back to the House.
That body could accept the
Senate version, If 1t chose.
and not send it to conference.
BY this course a second fill
buster in the Senate could
be avoided.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

The Eisenhower admins
tration civil rights bill has
been amended by the Senate
so as to confine its operation
largely to the interference in
the South with the Negro
franchise. That is. it is 10
be a measure. If and when
enacted into law, to assure
the Negro his voting rights,
which in some States of the
South have been denied him
ever since the days Of recon-
struction after the Civil War.
The legal weapons designed
to give the vote to the Ne
groes have been denied for
the enforcement of public
school desegregation and
other civil rights by amend
mentS to the bill in the Sem
ate. The bill, as it passed the
House and was placed on the
Senate calendar. provided for
the use Of court injunctions
in civil suits brought to en-
force desegregation of the
schools and other civil rights
denied the Negroes. The more
conservative Senate, how
ever. apparently has deter
mined not to attempt to force
with haste the indignation of
white and Negro school chill
dren. but to permit a more
gradual achievement of that
end-an end set by the 1854
decision of the Supreme
Court.
This action by the Senate
must be chalked up as a VIC
tory for the Southern Sena-
tors and their constituents
who are strongly opposed to
school indignation. Neverthe-
less, If the bill gets by the
Senate in a form which will
assure the Negro his full
franchise in the South, it
will be an impressive victory
for civil rights in this coun-
try and. politically speaking,
for the Republican Party,
which has taken a foremost
part in pressing for consider
alton Of the measure at this
time.
At Issue Since 1857
The Negro problem in the
United States has existed vir-
tually since the beginning of
the United States as a Ma
ton in 1887. In the early
days, opponents of Negro
slavery fought for nonex-
tension of slave territory
rather than for abolition.
Abolition was violently re-
sisted. Andrew jackson, as
President in his message to
Congress in 1885, recon-
mended legislation excluding
abolition literature from the
mails. Congress did not act
on this proposal. but in 1886
it did put through. in the
House. a resolution declar-
ing that all petitions. memo
rails and resolutions, ETC., re-
lating in any way to slavery
and its abolition should be
laid on the table, without
further action. This so-called
gag rule aroused still greater
debate of the slave issue. 1t
was finally repealed in 1874.
Seventeen years later the
country became involved in
a desperate Civil War. with
the slave issue as one Of the
basic factors. With it came
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Miss USA Fiosco

Thousands of us morons
have followed, in the press
and on TV. the adventures
or rather misadventures of
Miss" United States. There
is a natural inclination to
call her Mrs. Wrong Way
USA, but after reading of
the movie and night club con-
tracts offered to her. one
can only conclude that the
wrong way may be the right
way. Who said deceit doesn't
pay?
An~ue SinnloiP
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Questions and Answers
BY the HAsKINS SERVICE

Q. How many times did
Admiral Byrd 90 10 the
South Pole2-I. N.
A. Beginning in 1928. the
late Admiral Richard z.
Byrd led five expeditions into
the South Pole area. The
final trip was the 1856
~. s. Operation Deep
Freeze."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
SGtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

I particularly enjoyed the
articles by Smith Hempstone
They we're exciting. witty and
very interesting. Let's have
more.
Elizabeth O'BFien.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25
Park Dissertation

Angus Sinclair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

1t is regrettable that when
President Eisenhower talked
with Marshal Zhukov. and
the latter said that commu-
nism is spiritual" whereas
the West is "materialistic. "
he did not answer as my
favorite living PHILOSOPHER
Prof. Finer S. c. Northrop.
would have answered. In his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-25

Reconstruction Days
Montana farmer-stockman., 1957-11-15
First Thanksgiving

IN THE PLYMOUTH Colony the first
long winter was over and the second
was nearly ready to begin. But now
there was an abundance of food, while
the first year many of the Pilgrims
had died from starvation.
Because there was an abundance Of
Montana farmer-stockman., 1957-11-15

food and God had
blessed the little
band of brave
people, Governor
Bradford had de-
creed that there
should be a day of