davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-03

'Sions. reservoir construction, and
a cut in foreign spending.
Backs Oil Allowance
He generally bore the liberal
tag in his campaigns for Gov
ernor. But his views may be con-
sidered much less than liberal
outside Texas.
He supports. for instance, the
2712 per cent oil depletion allow
ance and many States rights is
sues. He has said he opposes
the use of force in migrating
schools and is against Federal
aid to education if it means Fed
eral control.
The question of Democratic
control may have hurt the
G. o. P. candidate in prestige
conscious Texas. 1t would have
meant ousting Lyndon johnson.
Democrat of Texas. from his post
as Senate majority leader.
But Mr.. Marlborough and Sen
ator johnson are considered at
the opposite ends of the political
pole in Texas. Senator john
son beat down a liberal group
of Marlborough followers to gain
control of the State Democratic
Party machinery in 1856. Both
Support the party whole
heartedly.
Serves Out Daniels Term
Mr.. Marlborough will serve the
remaining portion of Gov. Price
Daniels Senate term, which ex-
pireS in 1858.
He is the seventh Of IL chill
dren of a small town East Texas
family.
He served as an assistant State
attorney general. a lecturer in
law at the University of Texas,
where he graduated, and as a
district judge.
During World War II, Mr..
Marlborough served in both the
European and Pacific theaters
and spent eight months as an
military government officer in
Japan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-03

was temporarily disabled and
could act himself to turn over
the reins temporarily.
Asked whether he thought
Democratic victories in a Texas
senatorial election yesterday and
a recent Michigan State election
indicated the Democrats would
win control Of Congress again
next year. Mr.. Eisenhower smiled
and said he could not see that
they pointed to any Republican
victory. but he added quickly
that Republicans are alert TO
the situation and are really going
to work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-03

assumed by Republicans had
@. O. p. candidate Thad Hutch
eson won.
Mr.. Marlborough. SO. a stockily.
built, affable attorney from
Austin, stuck with his party
when many Democrats were
boiling to support Presiden
Eisenhower in 1852 and 1856
Considered a liberal by many
Texas standards. he is an effec'
tive campaigner who speaks with
almost religious fervor on party
loyalty.
Although used to fighting bit
ter. losing campaigns, Mr.. Var
borough disclaimed persona
credit for the senatorial victory
which came after a relatively
mild campaign.
Critic of Shivers
1.-THE victory belongs to the
thousands who worked for five
years to break the grip Of a ruth
less machine" he said. He was
a vigorous critic of former Gov
Allan Shivers. who led Texas
into the G. o. P. camp in 1867
and 1856. Mr.. Shivers defeated
Mr.. Marlborough in two guberna-
torial races.
The supporters Mr.. Var
borough gained during those
campaigns, however, carried him
to victory over two strong op-
ponents, conservative Democrat
Martin Dies. Congressman-at at
large, and Mr.. Hutchinson, both
Of whom appealed for conserva-
tive support.
Mr.. Marlborough credited cur
rent legislative Investigations of
insurance company failures in
Texas and bride charges against
officials with providing impetus
to his Senate campaign.
Some of the insurance fail
ures occurred during Mr.. Shiv-
ers' administration. Mr.. Var
borough's main Senate campaign
issue was his plank favoring an
increase of the income tax
exemption from $500 to $500. He
also favored higher old age pen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-03
Texos Victor Is Stounch
Democratic LoyoIist

AUSTIN Tex April tp-Ralph Marlborough United
states Senator staunch party loyalst
victory in five tries for Statewide just right
moment for the Democratic Party
His victory in the special election yesterday continued
control Of the United States Senate which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-05
s<COmfy'S'' Fine Quality
Adjustable SlipcOvers
In Solids, Stripes, FloraIs, PrOUinciaIs
Chair Styles Sofa Styles
1898 2l.98

At lost Reodode sIipcove ot eoly fit thot look like
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solid coors, floro stripes ond provincial effects
rctone tesured fobrcs Quoy tailoring with codweled
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ofcourse!
A. Broadmoor FIeraI green grey. nutmeg
. b. Bart0n Stripe ;. sry
. C. Cape Anne Provincial sre" grey and gold
ID. Bolton Solid green. Cherry gold
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
Just Propaganda

FB1 Director Hoover, whose business
1t is to inquire into such things, has found
no evidence to support the claim of the
American Communist Party that it has
broken its ties with Moscow. The claim
was made after the recent New York
convention of the party, during which
the Reds underwent reorganization
Mr.. Hoover put it bluntly-and, we think,
correctly-when he informed the Senate
Internal Security Committee that the
alleged severance of relations with the
Kremlin was fraud"
Aside from the FBI directors sources
OF information on the party, which have
proved reliable in the past, the estab-
llShed party line makes it clear that
fraudulent changes of face are pre-
scribed when conditions require reform"
This was stressed by Walter Mills, con-
sultant for the Fund for the Republic,
In a report on the Reds changing line
IN this country, in the wake of the de-
Stalinizing purge. 1T seems clear" he
said, that the new assumption of virtue
has not converted this group, still con-
Splratorial in nature and in certain of
Its activities, into Just another Ameri-
can political party"
AS Mr.. Hoover has pointed out, few
propaganda agencies in history have been
guilty of such double talk. duplicity and
semantic gyrations" as those exhibited
by the Communists. both here and
abroad In view of the record, it is un-
likely that the party's latest propaganda
line will hoodwink any but the gullible.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
The Damage Is Done

Those who love the old Washington
Will have few bad nostalgia moments
as plans go forward to raze the remain
Ing 19th-century residences along Jack
son place. Fortunately, however. the
National Trust for Historic Preservation
has adopted sensible course in accept
Ing the plans for new Federal office
building on the site.
Essentially, the National Trust has
concluded this: The thing really worth
preserving about the Jackson place of
the last century-the charm of a block
OF attractive old homes which, along with
the White House, constituted part of the
Presidents Square"-no longer exists.
The damage was done a number of years
ago, when the old homes began to give
way to modern office buildings. The Jack
son place of today, as result, is a hodge,
podge which contributes little to the set
ting of the White House. The logical next
step is to insist that the new Federal
building is designed so that it does be-
come an architectural asset which, over
the years, will enhance the beauty of
Lafayette Square.
AS'for the old houses left on Jackson
place, there is merit to the National
Trusts suggestion that at least few be
retained as reminders of more leisurely
and graceful age. This can be done with
out interference with the new Federal
building by leaving intact those homes
at the extreme south end of Jackson
place, to balance historic Decatur House
at the extreme north end.
If there is lesson in Jackson place
meanwhile, it is that historic preservation
must begin before, not after, the damage
is done. Undoubtedly there are other we'll
loved landmarks in Washington which
will face similar fate unless such groups
as the National Trust and the Fine
Arts Commission search them out and
originate public campaigns to perpetu-
ate them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
New Farm Aid Plan

President Eisenhower has served
sharp notice on farm States and commu-
mites that they should assume a greater
part of the load in relieving the distress
caused by drought and other natural
disasters. At the same time, he has prom
ised the fullest cooperation of the Fed
eral Government on both short and long
term programs-disaster loans, credit
services, crop insurance, soil bank bene-
fits, research and management planning.
Authority already exists for many OF
these Federal services and they have
been extended in recent months to the
States hardest hit by drought. In spe-
cial message to Congress, the President
now says that other legislative proposals
and requests for necessary appropria-
tions will be made shortly.
1t was on the matter of local respon-
Sibility, however that the President was
most emphatic in saying that not only
should the State and local governments
assume larger part Of the financial
load but that the administration Of emer-
gency programs must be kept close to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16

the local people" To a less emphatic
degree he had made similar point in
his state-of-the-Un message. But in
his special message, Mr.. Eisenhower sup
ported his position by sending along a
letter from Secretary of Agriculture
Benson containing a section on the sub
ject of State participation. In this section,
Mr.. Benson said that the Federal legisla-
ton to be offered will require minimum
of Is per cent contribution in certain
future disaster relief programs. He
pointed out that such contributions to
date have been very small in relation
to Federal expenditures" and that most
State legislatures are now in session
and in position to take necessary action
along lines of the proposed Federal
requirements.
Any proposals for farm relief become
highly controversial and subject to strong
pressures when they reach Capitol Hill.
This latest one will be no exception.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
Reflects

Reports that congressional
committees are again seriously
considering bills to provide
Federal aid to economically
depressed" areas, arouses this
reader to some fearful reflec-
lions.
If this kind of concept had
been applied to an earlier
stage of our economic devel-
opment on the Western from
tier. the Federal Government
would still today be pouring
our tax dollars into dried-up
waterholes along the Chisholm
Trail and sailing the worked
out diggin's around Poker
Flats with our minted coins.
Standing offers of Federal
brides would be available to
any industry willing to locate
in any dry gulch bypassed by
the railroads.
Tombstone's General Mo-
tors factory. supplied with
tax-collected dollar bills for
fuel. would be turning out
buckboards at full capacity
and General Electric would be
operating overtime shifts on
the kerosene lamp assembly
line trying to supply the Ma
tionwide need for these items
because nothing better would
be on the market.
Mcclellan Smith.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16

oh. Mould that I might travel
back
Upon st. Pdtrick'S Day.
Across the oceans bllowy
track
To Erin far dwdyi
To stand upon her sacred soil
Amid the ShrineS OF old
Armagh The Great and CaShel
royal.
And hear the tales retOld,
OF that dear Saint and OF his
men
BU HedUen Sdnctifed,
Who preached through every
mountain glen.
The cause for mitch Christ
diedl
And. oh. to tread on Tdrd'S
Hin,
Where Druid kings once
ICtVHGub
In pristine grandeur there
until
BIZ Patrick Werc reStrained!--
To see once more the shamrock
groiD.
Three ledues all Joined in one
And match the storted
Shannon fotD
Into the setting SUM-
Then, too. I'd kneel beside his
grave
In listers ancient clay.
And pledge my heart to him
so brdUe.
Upon st. Pdtrick's Day.
WiIliom H. Collins. Il.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
Time to Change the Formula

If Virginia should decide to accept
the advice of highway consultant on
raising additional road funds, it should
also adopt his suggestion that a more
realistic system be used in distributing
the money throughout the State For any
new revenue-raising program for high
ways would only add to present inequities
unless the outmoded ALLEGATION formula
is changed.
Under the 1882 plan for apportioning
secondary road funds the rural sections
OF Virginia get more than a fair share
of the money raised from the gasoline
tax, registration fees and other sources
This is because the 25-year-old formula
does not take into account the volume
of traffic on roads needing improvement.
The ALLEGATIONS are made largely on the
basis Of county area, road mileage and
population at the last census. Counties
like Arlington and Fairfax with rapidly
growing populations, are shortchanged
under this system, for no annual revision
OF the population figures is made to keep
pace with changing conditions. Nor do
traffic counts showing vastly increased
use OF roads have any bearing on the
ALLEGATIONS.
1t is not surprising, therefore, that
secondary roads in the nearby counties
are far inferior to those which are to be
found in farming areas of the State. The
nearby roads have not kept pace with
residential and commercial developments
since 1882. Yet, according to a recent
study by the Virginia State Highway
Department, Arlington and Fairfax Coun-
ties lead all other counties in traffic con-
gestion. This situation has been brought
to the attention OF the Virginia Advisory
Legislative Council during recent hear
ings on consulting firms proposals for
increasing the gasoline tax from FIVE to
six cents and adding So to the car regis
tration fee. Rural representatives at the
hearings opposed, however, any change
in the ALLEGATION formula. The consult
ants report and the delegation from
Northern Virginia, on the other hand,
presented sound case for a formula
that would be related to traffic volume.
Such a revision long has been overdue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
Crisis in Indonesio

The young republic of Indonesia
today is facing the most desperate crisis
in its 11-year history. In state of
war and SIEGE" it 10 functioning politi-
cally only through delegation" of gov
erning authority to widely dispersed
district military commanders who actu-
ally have assumed this authority by
successful rebellion. Only through nego-
tiation between President Sukarno and
these rebel officerS-already requested by
Mr. Sukarno-does there appear any
tangible hope that rule can be resumed
by central government The widely
feared alternative is a loose federation
OF autonomous states, embracing thou
sands of islands and a total population
of about 80 million people-highly vul-
nerable to conquest by subversion or by
other means.
Resignation of the leftist cabinet of
Premier Ali SaStroamidjojo, once his
country'S ambassador to Washington, has
left in the hands of President Sukarno
alone the semblance of central governing
power. Two things support his chances
OF maintaining this power. Despite the
fact that his own recent policies are
largely to blame for the series of revolts
that began last December, Mr.. Sukarno
stills commands widespread respect and
reverence from the countrys population.
He is looked upon as the father of Indo-
neSian independence, won from the Dutch
in 1945, and disapproval of him today is
expressed more in tones of sorrow than
of anger. The second favorable circum-
stance is the fact that the central mill
tary command still is loyal to him and
is in position to be an effective inter-
mediary in the pending negotiations with
the leaders of the revolt.
Two policies of the Jakarta govern
ment appear to have been primarily
responsible for the present crisis. One
has been employment of the bulk of the
country's economic resources for the
benefit of the island of Java alone. al
though percentagewiSe 1t contributes only
a small share to these resources The
other Is Mr.. Sukarno's recent proposal to
abandon the democratic form of govern
ment in favor of new style" authori-
tarianiSm. BY this formula, he would
admit Communists to government on the
cabinet level but would set up above this
national advisory council" presumably
under his tight control. Moslem and
Christian parties strongly opposed this
plan, as did the district military leaders
who have taken over outside of Java.
There are grounds to believe that
suitable compromises may be found in
the forthcoming talks and in Mr.. Sukar-
nos current efforts to find new cabinet.
But the political health of the country,
never too robust at best, has been deeply
shaken by events of these few months.
1t will take both wisdom and strength to
restore it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
No Place to Play
Explainer.

Do you know Of an unusual
building or generous person
with one to let-without rent,
that is? There is very serious
need for such a place.
In a so-called privileged area
of Washington, bounded by
Massachusetts, Western and
Connecticut avenues. Tilden
street. Wisconsin avenue to
Macomb street, reside some
5000 young people in their
teens. l am interested in youth
as a whole, but this specific
section represents Area d as
set up by the Commissioners
Youth Council when the city
was divided into areas. This is
my own area so my interests
here are more personal. There
is not one solitary place in this
entire area that will adequate
ly meet the leisure time needs
of these young people. II they
congregate on the street they
are clasSed as gangs. With such
pent-up energies they should
not be in cars on the highways,
but what are they TO do? There
is not a supervised playground
in the area geared to the teen
age need. Where are they
to go?
Religious programs. extra
school activities odd job pro-
grams. the Recreation Depart
ment. Scout organizations and
individual parents all con-
tribute a great deal toward the
wholesome occupation Of our
youth but not all of them to-
gether can flll the needs today
in this area.
A space that could be used
as a teen-center or canteen
would greatly satisfy the need
for constructive or harmless
use Of leisure time. OF course.
it would involve headaches and
hard work, but aren't our lead
ing citizens Of tomorrow worth
it?
Mrs. Robert Burns,
Chairman, Area d,
Commissioners Youth
Council.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16

A day on Venus either is
"a hours or years long.
The canals" of Mars appear,
when the planet is photo
graphed with the most adj
vanced astronomical equip
ment, as an irregular pattern
of greenish veins on the
surfaces Of vast deserts.
These findings concerning
earth's nearest neighbors
among the planets have Just
been reported to trustees of
the Carnegie Institution of
Washington by astronomers
at the institutions Mount Will
son and Mount Polomar OBJ
servatories in California.
Marian canals and Venus
speed Of rotation long have
been highly controversial.
Venus, about Is million miles
away, is closest of the planets
to the earth and most like the
earth in general conditions.
1t has, however. an extremely
heavy atmosphere and is
covered by dense clouds-some
believe clouds of dust or fine
sand rising from deserts.
There never has been a glimpse
of the actual surface below
these clouds. They always
have a uniform appearance
Days Length Unknown
Hence it has been impossible
to determine the rotation
period or length of the day,
which is determined for other
planets by regular reappear-
ance of surface markings as
the same faces are turned
toward the earth.
The question is significant
in determining the possibility
of life or emerging life. This
would be impossible if the
planet turns on its axis only
once a year-or 225 days, the
period during which it makes
one journey around the sun.
One side probably would be
a thick sheet of ice, the other
a waterleSs desert.
During the year, the Car
negie report announces, DR..
Robert S. Richardson of the
Mount Wilson staff was able to
take excellent pictures of We
nus in ultraviolet light which
brings out features concealed
in visible light. On two days
in succession the photographs
showed a funnel-shaped band
across the center of the disk
tapering from 4.700 to 1000
miles wide. 1t was a cloud
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-16
UnmonogeobIe Pupils

District School Board men,
bers have shown wisdom and
foresight in unanimously OPP
posing School Superintendent
Hobart NJ. Corning's plan to
exclude unmanageable young
sterS from school before they
are Is. His proposal would
amend the District law by
making such exclusions legal
and giving work permits to
children between IA and Is.
Board members agree that,
in all fairness to the other
children, the unmanageable
should be removed from
school, but should be given
help at public expense. The
futility of excluding a child
ana telling him to get a job
is most aptly expressed by one
members words. You might
as well tell them to fly"
Among the boards recommen-
dationS are a residential treat
ment home and a new wing TO
the Juvenile Receiving Home
for psychiatric examination of
serious cases,
PSychia t ric examination
would seem to be the first
step in any kind of rehabilita-
ton. To cure, one must know
the cause. A delinquent child
is an unhappy child, and his
misconduct is a symptom of
some inner or outer conflict, or
both. Therefore. any kind of
guidance program should be
preceded by a mental exami-
nation to determine why the
child acts as he does. The wis
dom Of adding new wing to
the Receiving Home is queS-
tionable, however. This home
is for children who are await
ing court action for one reason
or another. and to send a sim
ply unmanageable child there
could give connotation to the
term "unmanageable" alto
gether unfavorable to that
type of child.
The residential treatment
home differs from other insti-
tutions in that it provides a
truly homelike atmosphere.
and the child receives the per-
sonal attention he would from
a mother and father. In con-
sidering this type of home, sew
eral facts and questions should
be borne in mind. First. it is
very expensive and only a few
children can be treated at
one time. Second. there is a
definite shortage of the types
OF workers needed - group
workers. social workers. psy-
chiatrists and psychologists.
Also. their salaries would COM
pete with those of similar
workers at the Residential
Treatment Center at the Ma
tional Institute of Mental
Health in Bethesda. financed
by the Federal Government.
Third, has the project been
successful in other localities?
A few years ago. Montgomery
County attempted to establish
a residential treatment home,
but found it could not pay the
salaries specialized workers re-
quire. 1t never even got started.
On the other hand, a similar
home In connection with the
University Of Chicago is doing
a very successful pioneering
job. Last, but not least, who is
to decide what child is unman-
ageable? Does the teacher have
an arbitrary right to call a
child unmanageable without
making every effort to under
stand him?
The attitude Of the School
Board indicates a genuine in
terest In the welfare OF the un-
manageable child, and it GER
tainly should explore every
possibility OF treatment for
him.
U..l.la rNA