davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-27

vestigative division have been
combing the area for days,
Teen-aged school girls have
been taken by the FBI and held
incommunicado for hours of
questioning while their frantic
parents knew nothing Of their
whereabouts.
To those who know the facts
of the Little Rock situation,
these combined actions on the
part of the judicial. executive
and military departments OF
the Federal Government, are
"police state" methods in a
form never before seen in
America.
The news commentators and
press reports Of the day may
proclaim the comparative calm
of the Little Rock area. You
will recall that it was quiet in
Paris during the German &C.
cupation, and it is quiet in
Budapest today.
1t always becomes quiet un-
der military rule.
Cites Racial Progress
Prior to this time in Arkan-
sas, the hand of fellowship and
mutual self-respect has every
where been extended between
the races. Much progress has
been made in this field and in
others pertaining to the prog
ress of the State and the hui
man welfare of all citizens.
Under my administration, all
transportation systems have
been integrated, and without
serious incidents. Six of the
seven State-supported colleges
now have Negro students. In
the other there were no appli-
cantS.
/ was the first Democratic
governor Of the South to place
Negroes on the Democratic
State Central Committee. Ne
groes also serve on the Repub-
lican Committee.
Some years ago I was a men,
Der of the resolutions commit
tee which recommended to the
Democratic State Convention
that the so-called white pri-
mary be abolished. opening the
Democratic primaries to the
members Of all races. The con-
vention adopted the resolution.
and this was accomplished
without any ruling by any Fed
eral court.
Negroes have been appointed
on boards and commissions
during my administration. and
have been appointed to admin
istration positions never before
held by members of their race.
Eight public schools have
been peacefully integrated dur.
ing my administration. more
than in any other Southern
State outside the border areas
The first Negro to graduate
from law school in a Southern
college previously all white
was in Arkansas. And the first
Negro doctor to graduate from
a previously all white South
ern college was in Arkansas
All this adds up to greater
progress in Arkansas than ir
any other State of the Deer
South
weOve had some few let.
tiers and tele Aams saying VIZ
must not let Negroes go t.
school.
Here are pictures display.
ing them Of the most modern
schools in this city which have
been constructed for member.
OF the Negro race. They ar,
much finer. ladies and gentle.
; men. than any Of you car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-27

Chancery Judge Murray Reed,
staying the execution date of
the integration order, in order
to preserve the peace. (And-I
might add here-all we have
ever asked for is a little time.
and patience and understand
ing, as so often expressed by
the President himself, in solv-
ing the problem.) Judge Reeds
order was issued after taking
sworn testimony in open court,
with cross-examination of all
witnesses.
The first hearing in Federal
court, before the imported
judge. lasted / hour and 5 min
utes. No testimony whatsoever
was taken. Only the argument
of counsel was heard, after
which the judge made his
order, multiplying the order of
the State court. The typewrit-
ten order Of the court was then
distributed, which had already
been drawn up and ready be-
fore the hearing was held.
The second hearing took a
total Of 4 minutes. No testi-
mony was taken and the order
-"integrate forthwith" was
issued.
The third hearing consumed
a total of is minutes. Some tes-
timony was taAen, you can
judge how much, but the i'm
ported judge stated that no
cross-examination was neces-
sary. and then the order was
issued.
The total time consumed in
all three hearings was one
hour and "a minutes, on liti-
/ cation pertaining to a matter
of such great import. Not only
was the mater of integration-
segregation involved, but also
the matter of jurisdiction of
State courts to maintain the
peace. and the all-important
matter of States rights-if
there are any such rights re-
naming at this time.
Met 1O1st at BastOgne
During World War II, my
division, the 35th Infantry
pushed up on the right of the
4th Armored Division to relieve
the l01st Airborne, and my
division occupied~the embatled
city of Bastogne.
Today. we find the members
Of the famed division, which
helped to rescue, in Little Rock,
Ark, bludgeoning innocent by
ISLANDERS. with bayonets in the
backs Of school girls, and the
warm red blood of patriotic
American citizens staining the
cold. naked unSheathed knives.
In the name Of God, whom
we are revere. in the name of
liberty we hold so dear, in the
name of decency, which we
cherish, what is happening in
America?
Is every right reserved to the
States by the Federal constitu-
ton now lost?
Does the will Of the people,
that basic precept Of democra-
Icy. no longer matter?
Must the will Of the majority
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-27
TEXT OF GOVERNORS SPEECH
Foubus Says Voters
WiIIRebuke President

LITTLE ROCK. Ark. Sept 81 0-Follotong Is the teri
speech by Arkansas Co.. OrvGl FGubus night the
Little Rock inte0rDon situation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-27

You can say that again Clothes do make the gals make EN-
look twice wedressed male Take Style Manor Suits
They've got everything it takes to look big league everything
except fancy price (and who that. You get the
pick of expensive showcase fabrics elegant worsteds with
impressive pedigree You get hand-detailed tailoring so fine
could we'll cost twice as much And above ALL fit second
ou have 24O different sizes and shapes choose from)
The irresistible force that makes all this possible Bonds rsp
volume. We make and sell fine suits than any other
cothe anywhere Stands we can give you lot for
little Come and see Where elSe in all these U.SA can
you find suits elegant these for mere $50 IS with rouse
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-06
tricot slips, gowns
800
each

Lovely lingerie at worthwhile savings! NyIon trcot
slips with fitted bodice. lace, pIeot and embroidery
trim. Block, grey, brandy. blue. navy and white in
embroidery trims. 32-4o in group Assorted postes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-06

Glonnorous slip collection! Nyon trcot and ocetote-
ond-nyon crepe slips. deliberately trimmed with Ioce
and permanent peots Four styles include 4-eore
skirts. fitted rdrifts, sooops. White pink, black,
blue Sizes 32-44 in the group.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-01

Continued From Preceding Poss.
$500
5-looney Tunes. Kids.
7-0pen Hearing.
Sword News Roundup.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-01
SUNDAY

5-Foith for Teddy. Dromo.
9-Ed Sullivan Show. Voriety.
Hour. Guests: Joe Di Mooeio,
Mickey Montle, Roy Sievers,
Willie Mays IN O big league quiz
with top bosebelI writers. Screen
Stor Cesor Romero. South Amer
ico's iIlusionist Riechiordi. Floyd
Patterson.
$50
5-The Hunter. Mystery.
900
4-Aleoo Hour. Color.
mo License to KILL" NorFoted
by Gov. Abraham Ribicoff Of
Connecticut. Eddie Albert. Mou-
reen Stopleton. Robert Ssrouss.
live repeot.l
5-TV Readers Digest. Dromo.
7-ShoFf Story TheoteV.
Domestic Tranquility" George
-Givot.
9-GeneFoI Electric Theotes.
The Victorion choise Tongue.
A woman falls osleep and owok-
ems to find herself lFrefutobly
linked to life in onother cen-
tuy. Joan Fontoine. lRepeot.l
$3.50
5-PaFis Precinct. Crime.
7-MidwesteFn HayEide.
From Doyton, Ohio.
9-AlfEed Hitchcock Presents.
The End Of lndion Summer"
A woman hos q strange penchont
for widowhood. 6lodys Cooper.
Steve Forrest. tRepeot.J
1000
4-The Web. Dromo.
Lost Chonce." A man who hos
just committed hundred thou
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-01
EVENING

600
4-Meet The Press. PoneI.
Sen. Berry GoIdwoter tR. OF Ariz.l
5-hand to Heaven. Uhrio.
7-Seienee Fiction TheoteF.
Are We invoded9" An odven-
ture story of o flying soucer and
noted astronomer. Pot O'Brien.
9-The Last Word. Panel.
$50
4-Cowboy TheateF. Western.
Hour. Riders of Block River"
Charles Storett. lRepeot.)
5-City Assignment. Crime.
7-DF. ChFistion. Dromo.
Return series.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

this year include the Washing
ton Board Of Trade. the Variety
Club. the Advertising Club, the
Sertoma Club. knights Of CO.
Iumbus. the Alhambra. Kiwanis,
Rotary and Reciprocity Clubs.
st. Vincent dc Paul Society
Muscular Dystrophy Associa-
ton. Christ Child Society,
Junior Police and Citizens
Corps. children's Center, Junior
Village and Receiving Home
and the Junior Chamber Of
Commerce.
The list Of sponsors includes
Vice President Nixon. Chief JUS
tice Warren. Archbishop Pat
rick A. O'Boyle. District Com
missioners Robert Z. McLaugh-
lin. David b. Karrick and A. G.
yelling. L. Corrin Strong. Mr.
and Mrs. Noel Macy, Orme
Wilson, Col. Lewis 8. Thompson
and j. Edgar Hoover. Mrs
Bowers Is chairman. Donald
Scott. treasurer. and Maurice
Friedman, secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

opment Of the mathematical
means Of analysis now avail
able.
Moon Rocket Urged
AS the result Of work he did
last year at the Clarendon Lab
oratories Of the University Of
oxford. England. on the COM
position Of meteorites, DR.. Urev
proposes that q long-range
rocket with an atomic warhead
be fired at the moon TO chip OF
fragments.
These fragments. which he
believes would arrive later at
the Earth's surface Intact and
unheated," would enable geo.
physicists to know with GER
tainty what the moon is made
Of and why its visible surface
has such q pock-marked APP
pearance.
DR.. Urey also advances the
theory that VERY probably"
there are intelligent beings on
many other bodies in the uni
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

had formed 1t. These objects
gradually cooked and re-accu-
mulated TO form the planets
and moons. Fragments that re-
manned free became the aste-
roids that have been breaking
up into meteorites ever since.
This theory. says Or. Urey.
explains the presence Of dia-
monds and heavy metals and
minerals that are found In
meteorites. II also explains the
differences in dehsities among
the planets. he adds.
Or. Urey admits. however,
that his theory still leaves un-
answered the presence Of only
one planet at each distance
from the sun.
He emphasizes that the
problem Of the origin Of our
solar system is an extremely
complex one. ! doubt that we
have yet arrived at O reliable
statement Of the process Of It's
formation" The ANAL solution.
he says awaits further devel-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18
Advances
New Theory on.
Origin Of Sun

CHICAGO. Dec. IS CNANA).--
DR.. Harold C. Urey. Nobel prize
winning chemist at the Uni
versity Of Chicago, is advance
Ing a new theory that the sun
and planets were formed from
moon-sized chunks Of matter
that were fused in great celes-
tial collisions.
Some As billion years ago.
Or. Urey says. objects the size
Of our moon. and larger. ac-
cumulated in a large dust cloud.
These chunks Of matter then
became heated to over 2.70O
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

degrees Fahrenheit. the tenn
perature at which iron melts.
At the center of each pre-
historic moon this intense heat.
plus gravitational pressures Of
up to 100000 pounds per square
inch, transformed carbon into
the small diamonds sometimes
found In meteorites.
Cause Of the heating, says
DR.. Urey. was either the great
speed Of these objects through
the cloud or intense internal
chemical reactions that acted
as blast furnaces. Gases we're
issued from the top. while
molten metals flowed 10 the
bottom.
Objects Form SUN
After 10 million years. these
molten masses were attracted
toward a center. Together,
these objects formed the sun.
The primeval sun. however.
was not very stable. Some 80
billion years ago. during an
internal upheaval, 1t cast on
thousands Of the objects that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18
THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. c.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMnfR IL, 1857

verse. While he believes that
possibly" life exists on other
planets. he doubts II intelligent
beings would be found else
where than Earth in the solar
system. and considers it lin
conceivable that other human
organisms in the universe would
resemble those on earth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18
Rescue of 10 Joponese
Aided by Navy Plane

TOKYO. Dec. Is R.--
United States Navy aircraft
and a japanese fishing boat
teamed up yesterday to rescue
10 japanese fishermen from
their sinking tuna boat 800
miles southwest Of Guam.
The Maritime Safety Board
reported United States planes
from Guam dropped a life raft
to the crew.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

North Seventeenth street. Ar
lington, Va, and their daugh-
tiers. Mrs. Maryruth Kisseling,
Mrs. Celeste Brown and Mrs.
Barbara cantrell.
1t grew from a modest start
In the Bowers home. when les
sons in sharing by Mr.. and Mrs.
Bowers inspired their children
to take most Of their Christ
mas gifts to less fortunate chill
dren, to a large hotel-sized
party.
Participating organizations
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

entertainment, tour. took with
him toys donated to the Bowers
Christmas Party, which he viii
distribute to children in eight
countries on the continent.
The Ambassadors Of Israel.
Ghana. Panama and Haiti met
with Mr.. Hampton before his
ship left New York and agreed
TO forward toys to children in
their countries in time for
Christmas.
The party has been held an
nuA,ly since i927 by Mr.. and
Mrs. Harry Bowers of 3lls
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

Roomy Plastic colt or
potent tote boosl HoI-
ldoy shodes OF block
colt, black potent,
brown or flosl AS
assorted styles!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18
Bowers Christmas Porty
TobeHeId December23
Party viii be held at 9 pm.

The annual Bowers Christmas Party will be held at PM
December 23 at the Hotel Stater.
Children will not be at the party person. but their bene-
factors than 1900 and win be admitted at
the Of chds toy The general public invited Radio
televs0n and theater stars will entertain.
Lionel Hampton when he left recently for European
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-12-18

Lovely Dolly vorden" print royon oce-
tote duster with quilted front and beck
yoke. pockets and cuffs! FiIny loose style
with sash tie and ; sinuloted pearl but
tors closing of top Set off by smart wing
color! Washable. pink. blue or white
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12
ICIubwomen Launch
ITrofficCourt Drive

Members of federated wom-
ems clubs will start visiting local
traffic courts across the country
tomorrow as the first step Of q
major court-improvement pro-
gram.
The program was announced
by the General Federation OF
Women's Clubs, which claims
more than S million members
in cooperation with the Ameri-
can Bar Associations Junior Bar
Conference.
The court visits will be made
over four weeks. May Is to June
q. Club members will carry a
check list prepared by the bar
association and fill out a ques-
tionnaire on how the courts op-
crate in their communities.
The program has a two-fold
aim. the federation said. It Is
designed to bring about greater
respect for traffic laws and to
try to improve conditions in the
traffic courts. When the court
visits are completed. members
will decide on what areas they
believe there is the greatest need
for innnrovennent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12
Discarded Cargo Plane
Cost Air Force Millions

Oficials told reporters that the
actual outlay for the project
could not be determined until
current negotiations for ending
the prime contract with Douglas
Aircraft Co., are completed. They
thought the amount Of the in
vestment might be somewhere
between $50 apd $40 million.
MOck-up Made
Under the project. a wooden
mock-up Of the aircraft was
built, engines and propellers
made for testing, new designs Of
landing gear and other equip
ment produced and an engineer
ing facility built at the Tulsa.
Okla, plant of Douglas for de-
velopment of the plane.
Oficials said that even though
fiscal reasons had compelled
abandonment of the project. a
vast amount Of engineering in
formation had been created and
that If. at some future date. the
Air Force wanted to resume the
project all the designing would
be ready.
They explained the high cost
by saying that almost everything
about the C-l32 was unprece-
dented-it required specially de-
signed power plants and pro-
pellers, special equipment, even
special facilities for handling
the plane on the ground.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12
By the Associated Press


Indications that the Air Force
invested as much as $40 million
in the design of a giant cargo
transport plane which never was
built were contained in congress
sional testimony made public
yesterday.
The project was the C-132, tur-
bine-propeller transport, specifi-
cations for which called for . So
ton cargo load and a range OF
$500 miles at speeds of more
than 460 miles per hour.
The Air Force announced
briefly several weeks ago that
the project had been "termi-
mated" because the money which
would have gone into produc-
ton was needed for essential
combat" aircraft.
Testimony Given
The brief discussion Of the
C-132 was made during testimony
before a House Appropriations
subcommittee, the text of which
was made public.
In answer to a question by q
newsman, Air Force officials said
yesterday that the cost Of the
program. If production had been
undertaken, would have been
between $500 and $500 million.
The testimony showed that
$104 million had been earmarked
for the C-l32 project and that
about $34 million was expected
to be "recouped."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12

clearly for it that If such a pro-
gram were to begin tomorrow.
the biggest number Of people
would be for it in any category
you wanted to pick.
Take the question Of age. for
example. which has more bear
ing on education than it has on
many another question, since it
is youth that is directly involved.
People between the ages of 81 to
Is, recent products Of our. Amer
lean system, vote for inclusive
Federal aid by a majority-51
per cent in favor Of it, 80 per
cent in favor of Federal aid "for
building only" and no more
than 10 per cent in favor Of
local only" AS you go up the
scale in years. the preference for
inclusive Federal aid gets smaller,
but it always wins.
Federal Aid Meets Favor
You cannot even stir UP much
of a quarrel on this vital issue
among the political parties. True,
the Democrats are more FEEDER
ally minded" than the Repub-
licans. but the trend of the
vote among Republicans - and
the trend of the Independent"
vote too-is the same. Only the
size of the figures differs. as
this shows:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12

In short, if the Federal Gov
eminent were to take its courage
in both hands and decide tomor-
row morning that our Gripping
educationl shortages were some
thing for which it must now
take a heavy measure Of re-
sponsibility for the first time in
the history Of our Republic, the
heavens would not fall. More
people favor such q course thar
favor any other single one.
CCopyrighted 1857, John p. Ollie COY
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12

for whom there are not enough
teachers, not enough space, not
enough of anything. Nothing
can keep this situation from get
ting worse before 1t can get
better.
AS if this were not enough,
there is another nation in the
world which has staked every
thing on developing the great
est educational program in the
world. This nation is Russia. In
recent months, more and more
American educators are getting
into Russia and coming back
home goggle-eyed at what they
have seen there-because it is
so good. In Russia, college pro-
fessors are the highest paid pro-
fessionals in any walk of t,ciety
and so per cent of all Russian
graduates of higher education
become teachers. We in America
are falling seriously behind the
procession.
Is public school education
something that only local COM
munities. or the various States,
should provide? What about the
role of the Federal Government
in helping out the public schools?
The newspapers have been full
of this discussion, and much of
what you read would make you
think that it is downright dan
gerous for the Federal Govern
ment to take any part in financ-
ing public school education at all.
Financing Problem Widespread
Recently, we finished nation
wide study Of public attitudes
toward this question, and the
orators who declaim against too
much Federal aid to education
are in for shock-the public
does not agree with them. Here
was tie way we put three-part
question:
Our public schools are having
a hard time finding funds so
that they can keep up with. our
population growth and main
tain high educational standards.
Which of these statements best
expresses your feelings about how
this problem should be solved?
Public schools should depend
entirely on local financing. >.
Federal aid for building new
schools should be provided. but
teachers salaries and everything
else should be paid for with local
funds.
Federal aid should be given for
building new schools and paying
teachers salaries. :.
The answers are startling. They
reveal that the public is strong
for more and more Federal aid
not just for school buildings but
for school teachers salaries, and
for whatever is needed to keep
us abreast in our race for knowl-
edge. Here are the figures:
PercentaGs
Agreeing
Local financing entirely 1879
Federal aid for school building
programs, but nothing more 800
Federal aid for building pro-
granF and teachers salaries 43fs
Don't know 1les
$50 #fF fst 1905 &
The news here Is not just that
the local only" believers are
so heavily outnumbered, but that
the American people as a whole
give their biggest vote, quite
clearly, to what many local,
State and Federal officials Sc
cretly believe, but are afraid to
say because they think the pub
lie will be against it.
But the public is not against it.
The public is for 1t. and so
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12
THE PUBLIC PULSE !;
Trend Seems to Favor
U.S.. Aid to Education
~ ELMO ROPER AND ASSOCIATES

There tremendous subject in the United States
today than education We in twood crisis In the first
place. population has been increasing fast that by 1870
the number of students seeking admission college will
least double what is today All the country right
high schools and schools bullying with students
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-12

your fan storts and stops automatically
to mointoin temperature you select! Another
dio gives you choice OF four speeds 1.-TWO
intake, two exhoustl.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-11-07
LOCAL CHURCH SERVICES
PETAL-HARVEY BAPTIST
CHURCH.

Services will begin with SUM-
day School at 9.45 a.in., Pat
Rogers, Supt.
Rev. Sam w. Waggener, Pas
tor, breaches at IL ann. and z 80
pm.
Training Union meets at GAS
pm, G. E. Richardson, Director.
Mid-Week Prayer meeting is
held at 7:3O pm. Wednesdays at
Richton Road and Harvey Mis-
sion prayer meeting is held 1880
pm. Thursdays.
Song services are under the
iii cotton of Mr.. Charles Caulkin:
Mrs. w. HI. Chairman, Organist,
and Mrs. Maize Nell Smith,
pianist.
The public is cordially invited
to attend; the nursery is open
at all services.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-11-07
Potomac +. .

dent was ill-at-ease during news
mems questioning about the So
Wet earth satellite. At times he
seemed bewildered.
Througout his press conference
the President was defensive. All
he seemed able to talk about
was money. How much was the
defense program costing? How
much have our satellite research
and the work on the intercon-
tinental ballistic missile QCBH)
cost? Billions, he said. H emen-
toned the high price of defense
II times.
At one point he even made a
slip of the tongue and referred