davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
THOMAS L. STOKES
Handling the Oil Problem

Interior Department. which
has jurisdiction. exercised very
little authority. but rather
backed away and avoided such.
The prevailing attitude was
exhibited by Hugh A. Stewart,
head of the Interior Depart
ment's oil and gas division,
who said the Government, had
no positive plans" to increase
shipments.
Then. out of the sky. came
the crude oil price increase.
Lo and behold, it came out
that at the outset the oil COM
panies had warned the Govern
ment last September, before
the Suez Canal was closed. that
If passage through the canal
were blocked there would be
a price increase unless the Gov
eminent stepped in to prevent
it. But did the Government
act? 1t did not. The Interior
Department kept hands COM
pletely off or. as Assistant
Secretary Felix Wormser put
it, let prices severely" alone.
He said the Government would
not complain il prices were
jumped five cents a gallon.
The first show OF initiative
came when the Attorney Gen.
eral got a grand jury investi-
cation. !.
Where was the President OF
the United States in all of
this? He seems to have been
told of the developm n S
rather late.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12

But he came through on it
all right. The bill giving the
four States and oil what they
wanted-which President Tru-
man had vetoed twice-was
signed to become the first
important law in the first Re-
publican administration in 20
years.
You can understand how
oil felt that il was privileged
partner. Previously it had sup
port among both Democrats
and Republicans in Congress.
Now 1t had the White House
also, making the perfect circle.
Secretaries of Treasury in two
previous administrations had
tried to cut down an uncon-
scionable tax bounty - to re-
duce the 27l2 per cent deple-
ton allowance. a fiat deduc-
ton for oil. to Is per cent. But
Secretary George Humphrey in
this administration has not
followed suit.
This administration also is
for the bill to exempt natural
gas producers-mostly big oil
companies-from regulation by
the Federal Power Commission,
which President Truman killed
with his veto when it was first
passed. Though Presiden t
Eisenhower vetoed it last year
because of the arrogance" of
the oil lobby, he urged its en-
actment in his budget message
this year. Last year a cabinet
committee, working under di-
rection of Defense Mobilizer
Arthur File m m ing recon-
mended enactment of the gas
bill.
Mr.. Flemming is now
leading character in the pres
ent oil drama. He met with
representatives of big interna-
tional oil companies to set up
the so-called Middle East
Emergency Committee which
was supposed to get oil to
Europe to make up for the loss
from the Middle East. This
committee was exempted from
the antitrust laws and other
wise given a free hand to meet
the emergency.
Despite that 1t fell down.
Shipments failed to meet the
required amounts necessary to
meet Europe's need. Testimony
before the O'Mahoney Senate
investigating committee shows
thai both Flemming and the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Senot0's Stand Against u. N. Sanction.
On IsueI Held Bosis for go Drive

Republican Senate Leader
William F. Rowland has laid
the basis TO, his campaign
for the presidency in 1860.
In essence it is an argu-
ment that TIE United Nations
as now Constituted and as
resorted to iy the Eisenhower
administrator is a hindrance
to honest aid effective Ameri-
can leadership in foreign
affairs.
1t seems possible that
Knowland' so Iong rated hon.
est hut uureatiVe. has grasped
an issue with which he can
quicken the Imagination Of
the Ameican people. For he
has hoh Of a stern reality.
which i that the U. N. has
proved helpless to deal with
the aggeSSions of the one real
and powerful enemy of the
United States: Soviet Russia.
The California Senator
condemned last week a
"doube standard OF interna-
tionalmorality by which U. N.
sanctions would be applied
against Israel for aggression
in Egypt but not against
Russo for aggression in Hun
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
DORIS FLEEsON
KnowIond Finds an Issue

ton among the politicians here
is that Knowland has found
an issue.
The Senate has already
made clear its unhappiness
and Illustrations over the re-
cent course of American for
eign policy as pursued through
the U.N. 1t sees Russia get
ting of scot free while such
United States allies as Britain
and France and its creation,
Israel. are buffeted about.
Whatever the reasons and ex-
plantations. an emotional re-
sentiment remains and is find
ing expression.
1t may be that for fear of
nuclear war the country is not
ready for Knowland's hard
facts or is perhaps still abb
sorbed in its own prosperity.
The President still has on de-
post large amounts OF the
country'S confidence.
But events are moving these
days with amazing speed. 1t
has taken the Senate only a
few days to insure that there
Will be no support here for
sanctions against Israel while
Russai. India and Hungary go
free And each day sees the
Presidents Middle East reso-
luton under powerful attack.
Knowland's great debate is
well under way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12

gary. He evoked immediate
response.
U. N. Secretary General
Hammarskiold now says sane
tons against Israel would be
unrealisic. The 96 sensitive
politicians who mprise
the United States Senate are
acknowledging that Knowland
expressed the sense of many if
not all Americans. They are
following his lead and having
to say they are following it.
Knowland has gone on to a
major address on the subject
of The United States and the
United Nations. 1t is in part
technical But it takes long
hard look at a basket in which
this country currently is put
ting most Of its foreign policy
eggs.
Inc Administration can be
expected to ask What is your
alternative? Democrats are
getting ready to argue that
the principal fault lies with
the President and Secretary of
State Dulles for following ana
not leading the L n.
The experts also Will do their
own dissection Of Knowiand's
arguments. timing and mo-
tives. But the immediate reac-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Weakening Presidents Influence

resolution are insisting that it
is an unprecedented delegation
of power in advance to carry
on war
This is an inexplicable in
consistency. Indeed, the Sem
ate a few years ago voted to
ratify the North Atlantic
treaty itself. which makes an
attack on any one of the IA
member countries equivalent
to an attack on the United
States. Thus Congress, through
the Senate in the case of
NATO and in the instance
OF the Formosa resolution
adopted by both houses, has
twice recognized the desirable
ity of an advance grant of
power to the Executive. This
is of tranScendent Importance
IN an atomic age, when min
uteS count.
One Senator says that, after
the events have occurred, the
President can then ask Con-
gress to ratify what he has
done. What is overlooked is
that the very debate in Con-
greSS indicates to the would
be aggressorS that there is dis
unity in the United States and
that many members of Con-
greSS now are talking as if
they wish to repudiate even
the votes they cast for the
FormoSa resolution.
This is what makes Amer
lea allies uneasy. The very
men who are condemning the
administration for weakening
its alliances in Europe now
are preventing their own Gov
eminent from strengthening
alliances all over the world
in the Far East and the Middle
East. 1t is a striking example
of the damage that can be
done by divided government
here. The danger of war, due
to miscalculation of Americas
attitude by the enemy. is in
creased when the impression
is conveyed of a lack of con-
fldence by the National Legis-
lature in the policies being
pursued by the Executive in
his efforts to prevent World
War III.
Reproduction Rights ReSeryedl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Democratic Chairman Butler Democrats will attack
Ike vigorously They'll prove Ike guilty promising
moon-and failing to deliver anything but prosperity
The British slow to wrath 1t Elizabeth
rebuked husband squeezing the
end-and he went away to count ten for four months
Ike will meet Premier Mollet in Washington and Prime
Minister Macmillan in Bermuda He'd like both allies
in the roombut fears Dulles would alive
Democratic Senator Kefauver can't tell who's
running the Government Minor point All taxpayer needs
to know about who's running the Government that
Democrats aren't.
IkeS Middle East doctrine is working fine. Things
quiet the desert that Israel had break the
going abroad-and declaring the United Nations.
The Senate confirms Jock Whitney Ambassador to
England Shrewd investor Instead of seeking all his
into blue chip stocks he took early flyer the Republican
Party
Modern Republicans battening down for a storm
Republican Chairman H. Meade Alcon has ehtened
fore and aft by jettisoning the H and the "jr."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Time Limit and Advance Data to Senate
On Spending Called 2 Major CHANCES

The Senate Joint Foreign
Relations and Armed Services
Committee has concluded the
exhaustive hearings on the
Eisenhower doctrine" and
will report the measure out,
possibly before the end of the
week.
The customary fireworks and
oratory are expected when the
bill reaches the floor. The as
sumption is that it will pass
with more than a comfortable
majority. since the report from
the joint committee will con-
tain two major amendments
proposed by Senators Harry
Byrd and Lyndon johnson.
The Byrd amendment pro-
vides that the so-called blank
check to be given to President
Eisenhower for the expendi-
ture Of 5000 million shall not
extend over the present fiscal
year. The administrations
original request implied that
the discretionary spending of
that sum should continue for
an indefinite time.
The johnson amendment is
even more important. It pro-
videS that Congress shall be
told Is days in advance about
areas from which it is intended
to take discretionary sums for
disbursement in other areas.
Thus, for instance, if the Pres
ident decided that for political
or other reasons country in
the Middle East needed a
number of millions of dollars
which had not been provided
in the original appropriations.
the administration will be
compelled to inform the Con-
gress from what area it in
tended to take the monies
away.
The Senate or the House
will not have the veto power
since this would infringe upon
the constitutional prerogative
of the Chief Executive. But
by obtaining the information
beforehand. the members of
Congress. in the event they
disagreed with the administra-
TONS plans. could bring the
matter before their respective
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Amending the Mideast Policy Bill

INJURED, they were warned that
the interests and the prestige
of the Nation would suffer
greatly unless the Senate went
along with the White House
decisions. And they invariably
did so.
President Roosevelt circum-
vented the consultation" with
the Senate provided by the
Constitution by making exec
utive agreements with far
reaching consequences, such as
the ones at Teheran and Yalta.
These were in fact trea ties,
from which we still suffer,
which placed vast territories
under Communist control.
They did not have to be SUBJ
mitted to the Senate, however.
No member Of the upper
house was taken into the late
Presidents confidence either
before or after the two meet
ingS with Stain.
After President Eisenhower
took Office in 1853 he did con-
suit with members of Congress
about his plans on foreign
policy. He did not always take
the advice of the legislators,
but they always knew what
was coming up. 1t was unfor-
tunate that they had to learn
about the Middle Eastern
doctrine from reading news
papers and not directly from
the lips of the President him.
self. This was not the result
OF Eisenhower's reluctance to
take them into his confidence,
but was due to a leak" from
the State Department to q
certain friend" on the press.
These considerations. based
on the past. prompted Con-
gress to request Is days notice
of how and where the admin
istration wishes to use the dis
cretionary fund on which it
has so intensely insisted. The
majority of the two commit
tees believes that such a pro-
viso in the bill would in no
way weaken the Presidents
Middle East doctrine. At the
same time it would give Con
greSs the opportunity to bring
before the public and ill-con-
ceived reshuff1e Of the appro-
priations for foreign economic
and military aid.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Home Group Plans
Guatemala Visit
BY the Associated Press

Five members of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee leave
tomorrow to study the develop
ment and progress which have
taken place in Guatemala" since
the group visited that nation less
than two years ago.
The visit, being made at the
invitation OF President Carlos
Castillo Armas. will end on Feb
Iruary 10. Members making the
trip are Chairman Gordon,
Democrat OF Illinois and Rep
resentatives Carnahan. Demo-
Icrat of Missouri; Chipperfeld,
Republican of Illinois; Morrow,
Republican Of New Hampshire,
and Morano. Republican Of Con-
Inecticut.
The group will be accompanied
by Col. Jose Cruz-Salazar. Qua
ltemala's Ambassador 10 the
United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
DAVID LAWRENCE

The steady drive to weaken
President Eisenhower's in
fluence in world affairs con-
tinues among a group of DEM
ocratS in the Senate.
Although the Senate served
notice on the world by a vote
of IS to 3 in January, 1855.
that the President could use
military force in Formosa and
related areas in the Far East
without further delegation by
Congress, there is disposition
now on the part of few DEM
ocratic Senators to refuse to
vote for similar authority to
be used in the Middle East.
Thus, grave doubt is cast on
whether the President can de-
pend on congressional support,
even in the Formosa area--a
circumstance that doubtless
will not be overlooked by Red
China and might even be the
basis for an overt act to test
out whether the Executive now
will venture to use force.
It is a mystery why the same
Democrats who voted to dele
gate power to the President in
a contingent sense in Formosa
without spelling out in detail
the steps that would lead to
such deciSion--now are IN
sisting that something I'M
precedented is being requested
for the Middle East.
The only explanation is that
some of the Democrats are
really backtracking and do not
care if the world knows they
are hedging on the position
they took on the Formosa RESI-
luton. Red China and the so-
Wet Union couldn't be happier
over the attempts in the SEN
ate to sabotage the MiddleEast
resolution.
The action taken by both
houses of Congress viii re-
spect to Formosa in 1876 was
overwhelming. The resolution
was not advisory Ithas the
force and authorization of law.
1t said:
The President Of he United
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12

bodies. Experience shows that
speeches and consensus" of
the Senate or House resolu-
tions have an impact on the
present administrations poll
cies. The johnson amendment
thus PROV des safeguards
against possible moves of the
executive branch which may
run contrary TO the sentiment
of the Congress.
The Democratic majority
leader began to receive active
support for his amendment
from even a number of Repub-
lican colleagues in the two
committees after Secretary
Dulles stated while in the wit
ness chair that under certain
circumstances" Egypt or Syria
or both might become recipi-
ents of American assistance.
The Secretary of State did not
make it clear what these "cir-
cumStances" could be. The dis
cussions in executive sessions
of the committees further
pointed out the possibility that
a blank check without any
strings may not be in the best
interests Of the Nation or our
foreign policy. 1t was argued
that while the President has
unouestionably the right to
make foreign policies, he must
do so, according to the Con-
stitution, with the consent and
advice Of the Senate.
The consent of the Senate
was always asked in the matter
OF ratification of treaties. But
after the outbreak of World
War II, up to and including
the Korean War. the advice
Of the Senate was seldom If
ever solicited. There was that
so-called bipartisan arrange
ment whereby influential mem
bers Of the Foreign Relations
Committee were called to the
White House, but the consul
tations there were of an ex-
tremely limited scope. They
dwelt principally on the pledge
OF the Senate leaders to push
through whatever had already
been decided by the Chief
Executive. When some of the
more courageous Senators de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Some Democrats Seen Attempting
To Sabotage Mideost Resolution

States be and he hereby is
authorized to employ the
armed forces of the United
States as he deems necessary
for the specific purpose of Sc
curing and protecting FormoSa
and the Pescadores against
armed attack. this authority
to include the securing and
protection of such related po-
Sitions and territories of that
area now in friendly hands and
the taking of such other meas
ures as he judges to be re-
Quired or appropriate in assur-
ing the defense of Formosa
and the Pescadores."
The Middle East resolution
which passed the House by a
vote cf 355 to 81 last month
and now is pending in the
Senate-Says,
The President is authorized
to undertake, in the general
area OF the Middle East, mill
tary assistance programs with
any nation or group of ma
tions of that area desiring
such assistance. Furthermore.
he S authorized tc employ the
armed forces of the United
Suites as he deems necessary
tc secure and protect the ter
r'torial integrity and politica!
Independence of any such ma
ton or group of nations re-
luesting such aid against overt
armed aggression from any ma
ton controlled by international
communism: Provided. that
the authority herein granted
shall be carried out to the
greatest extent deemed prac-
ticable by the President
through the United Nations.
and that such employment
shall be consonant with the
treaty obligations of the United
States and with the Charter of
the United Nations.
Despite this PLAIN language.
which says the President shall
be empowered to use Amer
ica's armed forces III the Mid
die East to preserve peace and
to serve as a warning to ag-
ereSSors, the opponents of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-02-12
Administration Is Criticized Over Rise
In Price and Shipments to Europe

Nothing has so dramatized
the basic weakness of the Eli
3nhower administration - its
toddling of big business and
hnance-aS what is happen
ing in current episode in
Volving one powerful interest
oil.
Congress had to move in and
Investigate the muddled han
ding by the administration
and the oil industry of the
emergency oil lift to Europe
necessitated by the Suez Canal
closing and also the brazen
price boost for oil and gas
which, itself, finally shook At
torney General Herbert Brow
nell to get grand jury in
vestigation this week.
What has happened is really
no surprise to anybody who
has watched the tender con-
Germ of the administration for
big business. 1t is the natural
result OF inviting big business
and finance to sit down at the
table and partake of the feast
as If they were a part of the
Government family, which has
been the course since the be-
ginning of this administration,
instead Of dealing with them,
as with other groups in our
society and Government, at
arms length--across the table.
Indeed, so far as oil is con-
cerned. rolling out the red car
pet started even before this
administration took Office.
During the 1852 campaign
the then Gen. Eisenhower
pledged from the public plat
form in Texas that he would,
If elected, grant a favor de-
sired by one economic interest
---oil--and four of the AZ
States. He promised that he
would sign. If Congress passed
1t. a bill granting offshore
marginal lands to the States,
which would nullify a Supreme
Court decision holding that
the Federal Government had
paramount jurisdiction. -Four
States-Texas, California,
Louisiana and Florida--and
big oil companies were inter-
ested In the oil in these mar
ginal lands
This was a surprising pledge
for a man running for an
Office in which he is supposed
to be President Of all the
people.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-28

vision business. and their problems of trying to
stoy young. hoppy and normal world Of horossed
adults.
famed Hollywood veteran of ITO movies and
exathlete who plays a swashbuckling officer
in the NBC series, Captain Gallant of the
Foreign Legion
For Cufy the glorieS of playing his own
fathers adopted son and mascot of the entire
Foreign Legion, are, of course offset to some
extent by the fact that TV is a business that
has little mercy on young or old When wearing
a regulation Legion uniform, Cuffy rides ponies
and camelS and falls in and out of dangers
on Sahara Sands, the camera eye must be sat
iStied And SO must the producer the director,
the advertising agency the network, the spon-
Sor-not even to mention the audience
One thing that helps ease this burden for
the stocky blond kid he made clear at the
famiys Westchester home near Long Island
Sound is that he didn't seek the Job 1t sought
him.
CutfyS powerful father, Olympic
swimming champion and holder of five world
records said getting the boy to act with him
was his idea
The script called for an active athletic
boy, and he's been that since he was a
baby Buster said. so l thought why not
Cuffy? He'd be right for the part.
My wife Virginia, was against it at first,
but l assured her that Id look after him every
minute and that everything would turn out
fine. 1t did. Cufy little homeSick at
first, but he turned out to be a happy little
actor who loved what he doing
He fiuffed his lines a couple of times
though, Buster added with laugh Instead
of addressing me Uncle Mike, the script
called for he forgot himself and called me
Daddy"
In Africa the boy quickly adapted himself
to romping with Arab youngsters his own age
He taught them to play ball while they taught
him how to ride camelS Naturally enough, he
got big kick out of the battle scenes, all that
riding and shooting while the cameras rolled
Still nothing in TV is all fun
On shooting days, Cutfy had to be up at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-28
Tvs Mighty Moppets
BY WANIBLY BALD

NEW YORK, (NANA)-If a small boy
1857 model, had but one dream, it might we'll
be to coStar with his famous father on tele-
vision join the Foreign Legion and travel to
such places as the Sahara Desert, all at once
For two years, this precise wish from
daydream has been coming true for Cuffy
Crabbe, 11year- old son of Buster Crabbe the
This the third in series OF articles the
youngsters who thrive the rough and tumble teIe
vision business. and their problems Of trying to
stoy young. hoppy and normal world OF horossed
adults.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-28

am. and rehearse for hours under a broiling
sun. Tutors the set had to sandwich in study
time And back in WeStcheSter, he must
make up for lost classes in a private school
He'll make that time up fast he's very
bright kid Buster said
Il want TO make one thing clear. He's
Just plain, healthy boy, and that's the way
We raised him. He's never been to an acting
school, and neither my wife nor l will ever
push him to make acting his career. He doesn't
have any of those glamor notions; we've seen
to that We want him to have real education
and then pick his own career
A lover of the outdoors like his dad Cuffy
likes to hunt fish, swim and play football
Living just off the water he has an 11-foot
aluminium boat with cupboard motor, and also
motor scooter which he is permitted to
in the neighborhood
Cufy asked about his biggest thrill.
Riding balky camel or foilng bandit raid
while the cameras clicked?
Il got my biggest thrill just last week.
he said My dad introduced me to some of
the stars OH the New York Giants team and we
all shook hands Gee wish l could play ball
like that"