davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-04-05

The President lives In Pennsyi-
yania, where he maintains q vot-
ing residence in Gettysburg. He In
no longer a New Yorker. but every
chance he gets Mr.. Eisenhower
puts In a good word for ex-GOP
National Chairman Len Han aa
candidate for governor Of the
Empire State.
A reporter reminded him Of
this the other day and noted,
there are reports that Mr..
laarold) stAssen plans 10 run
for governor Of Pennsylvania.
Are you supporting him"
The president took about l5o
words to say he must have made
an 'unwise remark" and had nc
intention Of getting into - diff
ferent state elections. He had not
one word TO say about the hap
leAs Harold
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-04-05

man John c. Russwurm.
published by and for Negroes the
OF Americans helped
press psadsr rights
crusader for right and justice
for al o
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02

more has run its course. There Is little
evidence yet, for example, Of prices
turning downward but Federal Reserve
Board Chairman Martin said recently
that there are signs of less spending on
the part Of both consumers and business
and Of an increased pace in savings.
One Of Secretary of the Treasury Hum
phrey's last observations before leaving
the cabinet was that there were signs
the tight money policy" finally was
having the desired effect Of fiattening
out the inflationary wave. Some busi-
ness expansion projects have been can
celled or postponed.
The Associated Press, sounding SEN
timent around the country, reports in
creased speculation that period Of
defiation may be ahead. Supert1cially,
at least, defiation ordinarily seems more
painful than the temporarily exhilarat-
ing effects of imitation. It has been
proved often enough and tragically
enough, however, that nothing could be
more disastrous than acceptance and
encouragement of an indefinitely con-
tinued trend toward imitation. The next
few months should reveal whether this
threat finally has been brought under
control.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
The FBI Files

1t doesn't make particle of differ
ence, as far as we can see, whether the
compromise bill to protect the FBI files
is closer to the original Senate version
or to the original House version. The
important thing is that the bill, as
finally passed, will preserve the essential
integrity Of the flleS-and, at the same
time, assure an accused person Of ade-
quate opportunity to prepare his defense.
A few opponents of the bill claimed
during debate that it was not needed
that the Supreme Courts decision in
the Jencks case, If properly construed.
would not jeopardize the files of the
FBI. This may be so. But the fact is
that conflicting interpretations of the
decision by lower court judges had
forced the Government to drop impor-
tant prosecutions rather than open the
files to fishing expeditions. Undoubt-
eddy, the Supreme Court did not intend
to bring about any such result, but its
language was ambiguous, and it was
imperative that the ruling be clarified.
The compromise bill does this, and
If it has the effect of reversing the posi-
ton which some people thought the
court had taken, but which the court did
not intend to take, the blame must fall
on the ambiguity Of the courts language.
AS things stand, the approved bill
combines the best features Of the meas
ureS sponsored by Senator O,Mahoney
and Representative Heating, both Of
whom, in our opinion, have rendered
valuable and necessary service in this
matter. That Congress feels the same
way is clearly shown by the final COM
bined vote in favor of the compromise
389 for and only two against.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
1T Needs Qualification
Senator Allott of Colorado has 1

Senator Allott of Colorado has taken
Issue with a recent Star editorial
commenting on the proposed Freedom
Shrine" to be. erected by public subscrip-
ton on the Nevius tract in Arlington
County. The Senator inferred that the
editorial put him in the position of mis-
leading the Senate on the approval of
the memorial by the Fine Arts Commits
sion, the National Capital Planning
Commission and the Interior Depart
ment. The editorial did not designedly
imply any deliberate attempt by Senator
Allott to mislead anybody and we regret
any such Interpretation. There is, how
ever, an obvious misunderstanding by
Senator Allott or The Star or the
agencies involved as to what it was pre-
cisely that these agencies did approve.
We shall later clarity and publish these
and other details after a search of
records not Immediately available.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02

An Associated Press dis
patch appeared in The Star
Of August ~. under the head
line 'U. 8. Turncoat Praises
China to Youth Tourists"
but in the text these "tour-
lists" were characterized as
delegates" I am sure The
Star agrees with me that a
delegate" is an authorized
representative Of a govern
ment or an authoritative or
ganization.
The Al participants in the
China junket were. Of course.
delegates to the Moscow
Youth Conference. / am
under the impression that
upon the conclusion Of that
conference they became q
maverick group choosing TO
visit Red China against the
advice Of their Government.
Lyman d. Lynn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Reviewing q Battle

Although public attention shifted to
other things in the closing weeks Of
Congress, one of the real highlights Of
the session just ended was the unusual
battle of the budget. It was a battle
that began at the very moment Presi-
dent Eisenhower submitted his fiscal
1858 estimates in January-calling for
the biggest peacetime budget in his
tory. Appropriations and authorization
requests totaled $73.3 billion and ex-
penditures were calculated at $71.S bill
lion. Even before congressional criticism
was modified, Secretary of Treasury
Humphrey had opened the door to at
tack by calling for united efforts mot
simply to keep within the limits of this
budget, but to make actual and subStan-
tial reductions" In the days and weeks
Immediately following there was an UNI
precedented public demand upon both
Congress and the administration to re-
duce the record-high figures. Both re-
sponded in accord with the demand.
The administration revised some of its
appropriation estimates downward and
ordered economy in expenditures. Con-
gress made further reductions while
voting new money.
Estimates of the actual reductions
vary today, depending largely on meth
DDS Of calculation. House and Senate
figures range from $40 billion to $5.6
billion In savings. The Joint Commit
tee on Government Spending, headed by
ha foff
reduction at $6.5 billion, exclusive Of the
postal deficit. Whatever the final figure,
the cut was substantial and many Re-
publicans on both sides of the Capitol
joined the Democratic majority in sup
porting the economy move. On the rec
ord, at least, the Federal departments
and agencies are still under order to
keep the lid on actual expenditures dur
ing the rest of the fiscal year.
There remain, Of course, valid ques-
tions as to how final some of the eco
Monies will be. It is traditional, and
often necessary, for some departments
to return to Congress for supplemental
or deficiency appropriations before rs
cal year Is ended. In other cases, APP
preparations for following year are
sometimes increased to compensate for
earlier reductions on authorized pro-
grams. And some Of the savings may
turn out to be more bookkeeping trans
actions" than otherwise.
Even so, the economy pressure gen.
Grated this year unquestionably made a
deep impression upon beth the execu-
tive and legislative branches. Budget
estimates for 1859 already are being
worked out and the lessons of the last
few months hardly can be forgotten so
soon. At various times, spokesman for
each party have held out some promise
of tax relief in 1858. The responsible
leadership Of each party likewise has
indicated its preference for giving such
relief out Of surplus, rather than out Of
deficit, a potentially strong force for
holding down appropriations and ex-
penditures as much as possible. All in
all, this years budget battle shapes up
as victory for the public interest-both
near and long term.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Work Well Done

Chairman Mcmillan Of the House
District Committee and Senator Bible of
Nevada, who acted as the able chairman
of the Senate District Committee during
the prolonged illness Of Senator Nicely,
spoke briefly before adjournment on the
work accomplished by these two COM
nittees in the session Just closed.
Mr.. Mcmillan spoke from a back
ground of 20 years of service on the
House committee. Senator Bible is a rel
atively new member. Both of them cor
rectly' emphasized the important work
of these committees in discharging the
responsibility of exclusive legislation for
the District of Columbia imposed by the
Constitution. And both of them mem
toned pleasantly the rewarding COM
pensationS of such service.
Their voteleSS constituents of this
city are by no means unappreciative.
They are, in fact, grateful for the many
indications of unselfish work for WASH
ington revealed by the record Of legis-
lative accomplishment at the local level
In each session of Congress. There are
exceptions to every rule, and there have
been such exceptions this year. But for
the most part, the legislation approved
by these committees and piloted through
House and Senate debate by its mem
bers is handled with meticulous regard
for the wishes and the welfare of the
people who live here.
Chairman Mcmillan and most of his
colleagues on his committee are old
hands at the business, known personally
by great many members Of the COM
munity. The newer members of the
Senate committee, among them Sena-
tors Bible, Clark of Pennsylvania and
Case Of New Jersey, have won confidence
and respect for their intelligent and
sympathetic attention to local affairs.
Members Of these two committees
take with them Washington's best wishes
for rest and relaxation at home. There
will be plenty for them to do when they
come back in January.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02

Our President continues to
ask the Congress to appro-
pirate more and more billions
for foreign nations when
there are still billions APP
propriated-and unspent-on
the books already. Why
more? We ought to catch UP
with what has already been
allotted before voting more
taxes on the American
people.
With the cutting down on
military and civilian person.
mel. where are these Amer
leans going to get jobs2 The
President keeps on advocat-
ing the bringing in Of more
foreigners. ] think immigra-
ton should be stopped until
all Americans have jobs, and
by that I mean those Amer
leans who are Disseminated
against because they happen
TO be over IS years of age.
They pay taxes and should
have jobs FIRST. before bring
ing In more foreigners whose
only purpose In coming over
here u TO make money 20
they can return 10 the old
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Economic Checkpoint

Labor Day week end strictly an
American Observation-Disclosures Of
fers "checkpoint" for evaluating the
state Of affairs on the national stage.
Most summer holidays have come to an
end, the resort season is dying reluc-
family, schools are soon to open =
families are back home and back at
work. With these changes from sum-
mer routine assured, 1t is customary for
the business community to take read
ing on the economic trends.
AS this Labor Day arrives, a look
backward shows approximately a year
in which the economy as a whole has
been at high level but with some dis
turbing soft spots" Even more disturb
ing, however, has been the persistence
Of inflationary pressures with the prices
of most goods and services and the over
all cost Of living rising without in
terruption. Economists and the most
authoritative Government spokesman
have warned of the trend and two major
efforts, at least, have been made to
arrest 1t. One has been the economy
movement" which prompted Congress to
reduce appropriations below original
budget requests and prompted some Of
the executive departments to reduce
expenditures. The other has been the
Federal Reserve Boards effort to limit
the growth of credit and, hence, exer-
else some restraint on the demand for
goods and services. Higher interest
rates on borrowed money have accom-
panied this effort.
II Is not yet clear whether this in
nationary trend Of the past year or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Protest

In order for my children
to enter school in Fairfax
County, Va. ! am compelled
to sign the rigged-up pupil
placement form which is
known to be designed to per-
petuate segregation in Viz
ginia schools. Therefore, /
am signing it under compul-
sion.
The pupil placement form
is signed only under vigorous
protest. inasmuch as its sign
ing is in effect compulsory in
that the very real threat OF
expulsion from school is
waved over the heads of my
children If 1t is not signed.
1t is only with extreme re-
luctance and objection that I
place my signature upon the
pupil placement form, recog-
nizing 1t for what it is; and
I do not concede, in signing
it. nor do ! waive. any Of my
beliefs, principles or desires
in connection with the cur
rent school controversy. II is
unfortunate that the hypoc-
risy, the flouting Of the law
Of the land, the juvenility Of
attitude, and the spirit Of
lawlessness which are being
demonstrated in our State
government should bring
onto our citizens this impress
sion into a status in which
there is a real compulsion to
sign a paper which has as its
purpose a fiouting Of the law;
a real threat to expel or re-
fuse admission to the schools
to children whose parents
taxes are taken to maintain
those same schools; a real
demonstration on the part
Of State officials, which our
children see, Of a disregard
for the Constitution Of the
United States-the Constitu-
ton Of the country TO which
our children are asked TO
pledge allegiance.
L. Day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

range his books by authors,
putting all Of one writer's
books together.
Or he might select the
titles for the main entry.
He must avoid the mistake
made by one bright young
man, who, on receiving q book
of the letters of Peter nyich
Tschaikovsky, made q cata-
log notation, and felt very
well satisfied with himself.
But when his superior tried
to locate the book, he couldn't
do it, because Of the strange
method Of entry.
The boss looked under the
editors name, but the book
was not listed.
Then he looked for Let
ters," but it was not to be
found.
He looked under "Tschai-
kovsky," but there was
nothing there, either.
At this point, the superior
had a bright idea.
He knew the young man in
question, and suddenly 1t
came to him just, how that
one would file such a book.
Accordingly. he looked un-
der "Ilyich-"
Sure enough. there 1t wasl
~ \
That was, Of course, a
wrong way to catalog q book.
Take either the writer, or
title, and then keep an in
dex according to alphabet
ical listing.
In this way, by any meth
cd, one can put ones finger
on the desired book in no
time at all, because the aver
age home collector will not
have too many books. after
all.
A thousand books, as q
matter Of fact, are q lot Of
books for a home.
AS for photograph records,
they are best listed by musi-
cal title, although the COM
poser may be used.
Any system Of labelling
which makes it possible to
find the exact album with
out too much search is good.
The albums must always be
put in the correct place, that
is half Of 1t. Then the master
list allows one to flnd 1t in
an instant.
Each list must be good for
one case only, and sometimes
only for one shelf. BY work.
ing out variations Of these
methods for ones own tenn
permanent. the book and rec
ord collector will add inn
mensely to his enjoyment Of
the masterpieces Of word
and melody.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Bonus Army

I have received q letter
from q friend inclosing a
clipping from the July %
Sunday Star Of the story en-
titled The Day the Bonus
Army Was Defeated" On the
whole the article is favorable
to the Government and those
Of us whose disagreeable duty
was to enforce the law
against so many Of our fell
low citizens. / think 1t is
about as fair an article as 1
have read on the subject Of
the stopping Of the so-called
bonus riot.
The author, Edmund @.
Monk. however, does not
quote my order to Gen. Mac
Arthur nor does he mention
the fact that there was also
present q young Army major
named Dwight D. Eisenhower.
The order issued by me as
Secretary of War to Gen.
Macarthur follows:
THE President has just
now informed me that the
civil government Of the Dis
trict Of Columbia has report
ed to him that 1t is unable TO
maintain law and order in
the District.
You will have United
States troops proceed imme-
diately to the scene Of dis
order. Cooperate fully with
the District Of Columbia po-
lice force which Is now in
charge. Surround the affect
ed area apd clear it without
delay.
Turn over all prisoners to
the civil authorities.
In your orders insist that
any women and children who
may be in the affected area
be accorded every considera-
ton and kindness. Use all
humanity consistent with the
due execution Of this order"
Mr.. Monk does not men,
ton that one person was
killed and another so seri-
ously wounded that he after
wards died before the arrival
Of MacArthur's troops.
Neither does he mention the
fact that under the leader
ship Of Macarthur the riot
was stopped. and the rioters
removed from the scene Of
disorder without firing O
single shot.
1t is only Is years since
the event; possibly in so
years the press and the his
torians will begin to say
some words Of commentator
for the officers and soldiers
who performed with great
efficiency, courage and hui
manitarianism the most dis
agreeable duty a soldier or an
officer Of the Army can be
called upon to perform. That
is. to quell a riot being con-
Quoted by their own fellow
citizens. and worse than that
by their own fellow veterans
who were being misled by
agitators whose purpose
never was to be helpful to the
bonus marchers but was in
tended as an attack against
the United States Govern
ment and against the prin-
ciples Of individual liberty,
self-government and justice.
Fifty years from now the
action by the Government
and the Army will be recog-
nized as q defeat Of the first
overt attack by the Commu-
nists on the American system
Of liberty.
Patrick J. Hurley.
Santa Fe, N. Mex.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
Richmond 'CIioue'

virginia HepuDucanS nav
ing fielded q tried-and-tested
vote-getter in the present
governorship race, it is q good
time to criticize the clique
which has been handling
Virginia's State government
these last so years.
While George Mason and
Jefferson bore down on the
theme that lust govern
ments" derive their rights
from "the people" the actions
Of today's men in Richmond
seem to indicate q feeling
that our State government
comes down from above-a
throw-back to the Colonial
rule Of Virginia by q royal
Governor and q royalty APP
pointed council Of wealthy
men.
An excellent illustration Of
the supercilious disregard
for "the people" is an item
on the ballot during the gov
ernorship race Of 1919.
The voter was confronted
with the following question,
approved by the attorney
general: "Shall Sections 10,
10. 20. 81. %. %. rs, %, 81,
IS. 38 and l73 of the Con-
stitution Of Virginia, which
sections relate to the cleo
tive franchise and, among
other things, provide for the
elimination Of the poll tax
as q prerequisite to voting,
registration and renewal Of
registration Of voters, the
establishment Of q State
Board Of Elections. and the
levying Of q school tax in
lieu Of the present capitation
tax. be amended; and shall
the Constitution be further
amended by adding Section
3l-a, providing for local
boards Of elections. and Sec
ton 38-a, prescribing the eff
fective date of these amend
ments?" Following this self
contradictory paragraph we're
two boxes" where the voter
was offered the choices, For"
or Against" 1t must be
obvious that whoever COM
posed this paragraph for Vir-
ginia's electorate was either
ignorant Of the use Of Eng
lish. or, what is more prob
able, was bent on confusing
the voters. 1t is common
knowledge that Virginia's
present constitution. adopted
in 1902. first introduced the
poll tax and never held .
section providing for its
elimination; also. it has never
provided for the levying Of
q school tax. How. then,
could 1t be honestly described
as providing for these two
features? Actually, elimina-
ton Of the poll tax and levy
ing Of q school tax were
sought and were to be added
to the Constitution II the
voters were for" the addi-
tons.
Richard L. Feldman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-02
and Schools

! should like to submit a
few words. not meant to be
unkind, but to be used as
food for thought for childless
couples who feel 1t is unjust
that they be taxed for Mont
gomery County schools, from
which they derive no bene-
f1ts."
Some Of the services which
I support as q taxpayer, and
from which my family and 1
derive no BENEFITS" are the
jail. poor farm, animal shell
ter. dog catcher. health
clinics. Libraries. recreation
centers. liquor control board,
welfare agencies. etc. II one
included State and Federal
taxes. the list would be al
most endless to many people
who never make use Of for
eign aid, museums, art gall
leries, penitentiaries. histori-
cal monuments, geological
and other parks, etc.
1t would be impractical
and humanity impossible to
tax citizens precisely accord
ing to the services directly
utilized by each. The premise
Is that all citizens derive
benefits. either directly or in
directly, from all services
rendered by their commu-
mites. counties States and
the Federal Government. I
believe that schools head the
list of services from which all
taxpayers benefit. To be
sure, those families with chill
dren derive more direct bene-
fits from schools, but would it
not in effect be Furnishing
families with children to tax
them according to their num-
bers? In most cases it would
mean that those families
could not afford homes be-
cause Of higher taxes, and
who is to say that couples
with children are less deserv-
ing of homes than childless
couples?
To put 1t prac tically,
schools educate children. who
because of this education,
We hope) will some day be
responsible adults and prop
erty-owning and tax-paying
citizens themselves.
Last, and perhaps the most
important reason that we all
share the cost Of schools, is
that they are preparing chill
dren to be leaders and de-
tenders Of US all.
My contributions to all Of
this are two school-age sons,
and real estate taxes on my
home around $500 a year.
A. c. ID.