davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES (. TRACEWELL r.

NIT other birds to eat seed
and grain put out for them.
Yet he does not want the
food himself. =
He does this because he Il
in early training for keeping
others from his nest.
Most observers who dislike
these traits in time come to
see that they are q part Of
the bird, and must really not
be held against him.
Then they see him In al
his feathered beauty and In
terest.
So the mocker Is Q very
good living creature for any.
one to study. since 1t makes
one become tolerant Of q few
traits one may not Ike in
order to appreciate fully
those traits he does like.
In other words. this bird
helps us all appreciate the
fact that We have to take
living things as they are, not
just as we would like them
to be.
This Is one Of the first
lessons q young Newspaper
reporter has to learn.
He may go out to get an
interview with q famous man,
and picture to himself, - he
goes along. how this man q
going to look.
He knows he is famous and
distinguished. and therefore
innocently thinks the man
must necessarily be impos-
ing and tremendous. only to
find when he gets there that
his man Is q dwarf-and still
famous and distinguished.
Studying birds helps in the
same way.
1t teaches US to accept hv-
ing things as they are. For
instance, the bold hawks are
seen to be beautiful crea-
lures. despite the fact that
they sometimes kill smaller
birds. In time. one, gets to
understand that they. too.
are Q part Of natures chain
Of being, and that few II
any Of them deserve the
death melted out to them by
% many.
Some mockingbirds stay
with US here al winter. and
they are best helped with
seedless raisins spread on the
lawn at one given place every
day.
They win come to q porch
rail. and there Is no prettier
bird picture than some old
mocker fiuffed up in the cold
as he fiutters to attract at
tention.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
A Dim View

II people didn't already
have contempt for the courts
and the leaders and the
apologists for such ridiculous
absurdities and the attempt
TO club the public. either with
casuistry or outright nom
sense, they have now. The
people know that Learned"
judges usually are ex-attor-
neys whose names are drawn
out Of q hat: who. like Marie
Antoinette. believe people
should eat cake II they can't
get justice. and that the Bar
Association has shot the Con-
stitution full Of holes with
commas and learned" an
notations.
II anyone is truly serious
In stemming a degenerating
morale. then let him give full
time and attention. not to
golhng. but In urging the
Fund for Freedom to take q
wide stance and hold q spe-
cial constitutional convention
which win secure Q charter
for the Bill Of Rights for 90
autonomous republics Of the
United States on the same
basic pattern as that Of the
United Nations. This conven-
ton win try to integrate the
Bill Of Rights with the char
ter Of the Bar Association.
But If they aren't careful in
their negotiations. Ike will
have bayonets picketing the
Fund for Freedom over juris-
dictional rights.
But maybe they win per-
suade the - republics from
Maine to California to rejoin
the Union by deporting all
members of the State Legis-
latures who won't accede to
permitting bayonets to be
used against those people
who protest poor mail service.
Howard c. Snyder.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Common Cold, Not So Common
BY THOMAS R. HENRI

there is q very definite asso-
citation Of colds with Monday
morning. Perhaps there 10 Q
Monday morning virus.
II think, however. the VIC
tOrians had q better word for
1t. The expression she Is In
disposed occurs time and
time again in Victorian lit
erature. II is possible. Of
course, that this truly repre-
sented o viral malady, but !
wonder whether such Q virus
could be grown with any
modern tissue cultures or
whether any present or future
miracle drugs could cure IT,"
Some Colds Are Real
Still, DR.. Huebner points
out. some "colds." infections
Of nose and pharynx, un-
doubtedly are real, although
the cause cannot be deter
mined. Many recurrent re-
spiratory illnesses. he says.
may be allergies to various
bacteria. Another hypothe-
sis which deserves considers
ton, he says, Is that there may
be latent viruses. persisting
in the tissues Of most, re-
spiratory tracts which can
become activated by sunde-
termined factors and cause
recurrent inflammation Of the
mucous membranes. This lie
possibly true Of the recently
discovered adenovirus family
which q few years ago caused
havoc among recruits In
Army camps.
Against this hypothesis,
however, Is the fact that re-
currences might be expected
to be less severe than pri-
mary infections since anti
bodies will have been built
up in the blood.
I'VE have llesitated to sug-
gest." he says. that reacti-
vation Of the adenoyirus
agents, demonstrably present
in the -pharyngeal pas.
sages Of most persons, might
represent a possible cause Of
common colds since most Of
those from whom such agents
are recovered show no IN
crease In antibodies. etill
the hypothesis that colds may
be due to reaetivation Of
these agents may have been
discarded too readily. After
all, the activation Of latent
agents Ii not a rare or mn.
known phenomenon. The
psitacosis virus in its naA1r.
al host may be regarded as
an agent essentially latent
with the capacity Of beoom-
ing activated ct intervals. II
is precisely during these ex-
acerbatjons Of infection and
illness that birds become m
important source Of f,fec-
ton to other birds ard to
man."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

The majority Of common
colds" may exist only in the
mind.
This thesis Is advanced BY
DR.. Robert J. Huebner, chief
Of the Public Health Service
laboratory Of infectious dis
eases. in q report just pub
lished.
No causative agent has yet
been found despite the most
intensive search. he points
out. Experiments with volun-
teers show that all the cold
symptoms can be produced
by suggestion alone.
The malady usually Is at
tributed to Q filterable virus.
This seems only an attempt
on the part Of doctors to Tex
plain unexplainable Illness"
Test Results Cited
ain my opinion" says DR..
Huebner, 'the term common
cold requires considerable
analysis. Recent work with
volunteers has convinced
some Of US that q large num-
Der Of so-called common colds
are not due to viruses but to
other factors, not the least Of
which are Of psychosomatic
origin. The symptoms Of the
common cold have occurred
in o high proportion Of vol
unteers. whether or not they
received virus-containing or
yirus-free materials. Eyalu-
etion Of some Of these vol
unteers showed In psychic
logical tests a rather signifi-
cant association Of high gull
libility scores with complaints
Of upper respiratory illness.
In fact, our observations in
numerous volunteer studies
indicate that susceptibility to
suggestion represents q more
powerful meter to runny
noses than any virus We have
yet discovered.
well controlled civilizations
Of the value Of common cold
vaccines and Of antihista-
mines have shown that In
nocuous control materials
have remarkable effects in
the apparent prevention and
cure Of colds. Fifty per cent
or more Of persons receiving
simple saline vaccines and
sugar pills In double blind
studies reported prevention,
modification and cure Of colds
by these innocuous sub
stances.
Recent studies Of the oc-
currence Of common colds in
industry showed that q COM
paratively small number OF
uted most Of the absenteeism
attributable to common colds
It Is difiicult for q virologist
TO conceive Of viruses behav-
ing in 50 illogical q fashion. ]
might add, ~ the father Of
six children In school, ! can
not escape the feeling that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
A small boy wants 70 knov

A small boy wants to know
things about mockingbirds.
He asks questions. and the
answers he can't ind In the
books.
That is one Of the troubles
about books.
They 50 often fail to an
swer what one wants to
knowl
That is the reason one
must have many books. %
that in all Of them one may
find what he wants to know.
why is it the mocking-
birds do not or cannot sing
during Dog Days?" writes
JOHN B. H. of Arlington.
The answer Is. that they
tend to stop singing. when
their mating time is over.
Also. moulting time Is
coming. then. and this puts
q mufiier on them.
what month or season do
they sing most?"
In springtime. with the
peak arriving in July.
do they sing most during
moonlight or dark nights?"
On moonlight nights.
do both male and female
sing? II not. which one does
sing?"
The male sings. his mate
does not.
The mocker il one Of the
best Of all birds to get In
terested In.
This Is because he Is q
beauty. is interesting, and Q
great singer.
At times he has been called
the nightingale Of America.
Probably he attracts more
attention than any other bird
except the cardinal. or red
bird.
Sometimes the attention he
draws is not exactly favor
able, at first. because he Is
such q fighter.
He attacks everything which
comes near his nest.
Be 1t dog. cat. man or child,
he flies at them. making Q
croaking or grating sort OF
sound, which in time gets on
the nerves Of some human
listeners.
He has been known to ny
down on o back porch and
peck q cat In the eye.
One such cat living In
Chevy Chase was hospitalized
for q week on this account.
-
Another black mark against
the mockingbird Is that he
sometimes acts the part OF
the famous dog in the
naneer." and will not per-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
Stop Atomic Tests2

The long established repu-
tation Of the people Of this
country as practical" ire
alistic," hard headed" and
humane" appears to need o
re-evaluation.
Is IL realistic" to proceed
with nuclear tests-knowing
well that there can be no end:
that each step leads to the
next. even more terrifying
than what has gone before?
According to Representative
James e. Van zandt. (R. Of
Pa, the United States stock
pile of materials for atomic
weapons was set at 5000
atomic weapons. while the
Soviet has material for
10000. Don't you think we
can stop testing?
Is it practical to work.
toward national and/or In
ternational murder. either
by direct humiliation or
long-term disease and suffer.
ing? And Is Il hard headed"
to discount the reports:
In West Germany leading
nuclear physicists. including
four Nobel Prize winners.
said they would refuse to CO.
operate In any way In
the production, testing or use
Of atomic weapons. These
scientists felt that they could
not remain silent on all polit-
ical questions. and that the
effect of even tactical atomic
weapons had not been made
clear to the people. They de-
clared that the entire popu-
lation Of West Germany ESQ
miilion) could be destroyed
by radioactivity spread by
hydrogen bombs.
The japanese. who know
the agonies endured by q peo-
pie exposed 10 an earlier and
milder bomb. are under
standably turning In every
direction TO have this mass
inhumanity ended. DR.. Al
bert Schweitser wrote the
Norwegian Nobel Committee
that the tests threaten the
human race.
We have obviously reached
the point Of no return--co-
existence or no existence. II
we do not soon assume world
leadership, In the tradition
which is our heritage and
make every sincere effort TO
stop nuclear tests--it may
indeed. be later than we
think"
Janet N. Neuman.
Natl. Co-Chair1nan Public
Relations Women's In
ternational League for
Peace and Freedom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

ANY interested individual
who has read the history Of
the Civil War and Recon-
struction period. is aware Of
the conditions and circum-
stances surrounding the rati-
iication and adoption Of the
18th Amendment. David
Lawrence. in his column Of
October IS. denies the valid
ity Of this amendment, al
though. In the same breath.
he contradicts himself In rec
ognizing that the Supreme
Court has never ruled on its
legality. He quotes Secre-
tary Stewards proclamation
Of July 20. 1858. in support
Of his argument. although,
had he read q little farther
he would have seen that
eight days later July 20.
1859 Seward issued another
proclamation declaring in q
positive manner the adop-
ton Of the amendment.
Professor Randall In his
book, "The Civil War and
reconstruction" has this to
say: The present doctrine
that an amendment auto
matically becomes q part Of
the Constitution by the rati-
fication Of three-fourths Of
the States assumes that It
is q simple matter. merely q
ministerial function, to de-
termine when such ratifica-
ton has taken place. Ordi-
narily this Is so. but In the
Reconstruction period 1t was
far from simple. II involved
the main issue Of reconstruc-
ton. Ringing as It did upon
the question as to how many
States were in the Union and
as to the validity Of organi-
cations that purported to be
State governments In the
South. In these postwar Years
Congress did many unusual
things; and the power Of de-
claring an amendment valid
as part Of the Constitution
has not been deemed q proper
congressional function merely
because u was exercised by
the Congress Of 1868. As to
the 18th Amendment. the
abuses In connection with it,
adoption have long been toll
Grated: and its provisions. so
vitality important In recent
constitutional law. are as
firmly placed In the Constitu-
ton as II those irregularities
and abuses had not existed"
The only purpose that Mr..
Lawrence can hope to gain
In reviving this issue Is to
keep adrift the hysteria, ami
mostly, bigotry. hatred. con-
tempt and defiance among
those who need only an ex-
cuse and q little encourage
ment TO defy the authority
Of our Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
Ideal Solution

The bold, far-reaching- costly
solution Of the Potomac Rivers pol
luton problem proposed in the Wolman
report is an engineers dream Of what
should be done with our ailing river. 1t
Is a pleasant, dream, too-one which
emissions clean lake" In the city's
front yard, at for fishing, boating and
even swimming. Unfortunately, the
plan Is more idealistic than realistic.
Yet there is nothing wrong in hoping
and striving for an ideal. Even II the
ideal is beyond reach Of foreseeable
finances, it would be worthwhile to set
a target toward which to aim. The
consultants' report has done that, in a
most challenging way.
The objective suggested in the VOL
man report to the Interstate Commission
on the Potomac River Basin is river
section protected against sewage and
silt by an elaborate system Of impound-
ing barriers and gates, with interceptor
trunk sewers to carry Washington-area
sewage not only past the city itself but
on to Chesapeake Bay. some 80 miles
away. And there, would be major i'm
pounding basin at River Bend, on the
upper Potomac, held In check by high
level dam. This upper reservoir would
serve both as a settling basin for silt
from far up the river and as catch
basin for the Metropolitan Areas water
supply.
Weighed against the highly de-
sirable dement's would be the impact on
Federal, state, city and county govern
ments In terms of cost and engineering
works. The clean lake" project alone
would involve an initial outlay of
around $40 million, 1t has been esti-
mated. The piping Of regional sewage
to Chesapeake Bay would add about SIS
million to the total cost. Thus nearly
500 million would have to be spent on
the combined project. The report pro-
posed that most Of the cost be borne
by the Federal Government. Getting
the Federal Government to agree to
such an undertaking at time when
national economy is being demanded in
and out Of Congress, and when more
dollars for defense are being sought,
would not be easy. r
Furthermore, the proposals for
high dam at River Bend and for river
barriers and gates at Fourteenth street
would certainly run into stern oppose
ton from several sources The high
dam plan long has been the subject OF
bitter controversy, since 1t would involve
inundation of vast acreage now In pri-
vate ownership and some reserved for
public parks and parkways. And any
interference with river navigation
however slight--would bring howls from
the gravel and tanker interests.
Nevertheless, we believe that the
Wolman report deserves to be studied
carefully by communities on both sides
Of the river and by committees Of Con-
gress interested in cleaning up the dirty
Potomac. It should be possible to work
out a step-by-step program, based on
such an overall program, that would
bring Washington and It's suburbs closer
to the day when the river can be re-
garded a. o real asset and not, withal,
as q potential menace to health.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

What amazes me is the fact
that the Supreme Court can
not see where the Indians
need anything. / wonder
what the other nations would
think II they could see the
Indians living In mud huts
out In the desert. I am sure
they would be Mortified to see
how America treats the real
true owners Of this country.
My guess is they would say
give the country back 10 the
Indians. instead Of some other
race. Just for q few votes.
Dernics ThsmaA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

Miss Alma T. Opal did DR..
Albert Schweitzer q disserv-
ice BY implying that he Is an
antiviyisectionist. His posi-
tive philosophy can not be
teamed with the unnecessary
confusion engendered BY
these people.
The National Humane Ed
ucation Association did Sem
ator Morse. q statesman Of
integrity. q disservice by
using him to insert in the
Congressional Record mate
rial which DR.. James A. Gam
non has said was proved UNI
true back In 1850. Is the
purpose Of this activity to
stop science or to enforce
kindness by law7 One seems
as possible as the other.
We believe that DR..
Schweitzer and Senator
Morse want greater UNDER
standing between scientists
and those interested IN the
care and conservation Of lab
oratory animals. WARDS. q
committee Of doctors and
laymen. is founded on this
principle. It's first project Is
to raise funds for model
quarters for research dogs ut
Georgetown University = a
place where these animals
who serve US so well can have
exercise space and fresh air.
This Is an active expression
Of DR.. Schweitzer's ''rever-
ence for life" These ami
mails need desperately arn-
bassadors Of integrity and
good will. not an expensive
campaign Of confusion.
49, ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

British frigate Scraps by
Captain Jones. who was In
command Of the Bonhomme
Richard. on September %.
l779. The encounter took
place in the North Sea, dur
ing the Revolutionary War.
The Scraps was larger and
better armed. and Jones took
his vessel alongside. The two
ships were so close that their
rigging became entangled
and the muszles Of their guns
touched each other. After
three hours desperate fight-
ing the British surrendered.
Jones' ship was damaged %
badly II sank two days later.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

In trying to solve the
school problem. we are maxi
ing q basic mistake by assum-
ing that public schools are
q good thing. They are really
no better than any other
governmental agency. At the
same time that we shout
piously to preserve public
education, we note that our
children are not being taught
TO read or do arithmetic.
And juvenile crime. vandal-
ism and delinquency are
iiourishing In public schools
at an ever-increastng rate.
Why save public schools when
they are doing such q poor
job?
Private schools are 80 much
better. They have been able
to survive and prosper. even
against competition Of pub
licly financed schools. When
q parent sends his child to
q private school. he must
pay taxes to support public
schools anyway. Yet even In
the face Of this. many par
ents have been willing to
pay double to get better
education for their children.
why not give the BENEFITS
OF private education to all
children? II States and
counties win simply grant
tuition allotments to the par
ents. all children could at
tend private schools.
The one : horse : shay OF
public education has broken
down. Shall we try to fix 1t
with hay-wire-or trade It
in on something modern2
Montreal and other cities
long ago abolished public
schools.
Robert Allison.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

Is a tribute to hts intelligence. judgment
and tact. Mr.. Hoover Is right In assert
ing that the Government viii lose q
dedicated" and "seltiess" servant with
the retirement Of Mr.. Nichols retire.
ment. incidentally. that has been well
earned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used "
letters carry writers' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdttoR.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21

Q. Is the bittern Q type
Of heron?-T. I.
A. Yes. A bittern is any
member Of the heron sub
family Botaurinae. Bitterns
are small and medium-sized
birds. frequenting boys and
reedy swamps. Among the
smallest of them are the
least bittern Of America and
the little bittern Of Europe.
@. For what service was
John Paul Jones awarded .
gold medalf--R. 9.
A. The medal was 10 COM
nemorate the defeat q The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-21
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
BIZ THE HASKIN sERVICE

70 sny tsesaa question
Psss neloss cent? iol s.tarn Sess. ' wv "nn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-05
.McKeIdin to FLY
To Africa, Europe

ANNAPOLIS, April S (P.-
Gov. McKeldin will leave Easter
Sunday on a 6 weeks trip to At
RIGA and Europe.
The Governor will fly first to
Monrovia. capital of Liberia in
Africa. where he will spend two
days participating in the centen-
|nial celebration of the State of
Maryland in that country.
The province was founded in
1857 by a Maryland slave who
escaped and went to Liberia. II
was first known as the County
Iof Maryland and later became a
state in Liberia.
From Africa, Gov. McKeldin
will fly to Europe where he will
participate May rs in commence
ment exercises at Heidelberg
Germany. for the oversears pro-
gram of the University of Mary
land.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-04-05
Liquor
Cases Shifted

Most of the Prince Georges
County gambling and liquor
cases scheduled to be heard in
Upper Marlboro today were
postponed until later dates or re-
ferred to Circuit Court for trial
by jury.
About 20 cases had beer
scheduled for trial before Judge
Mia S. Human Crane. Fourteen
Of them were disposed of in the
mass shuttle before the cour,
recessed at noon.
Four of them were cases in
which defendants were charged
with gambling violations. Thest
were continued at request Of
Assistant states Attorney
Thomas r. Brooks. so the case.
could be presented directly Il
the grand jury now in session IL
Upper Marlboro.
Jury trials before the county
Circuit Court were requested II
four of the liquor cases. three
of them being sought by Mr.
Brooks and one by a defense
attorney.
+ Mr.. Brooks said he took the
action because Judge Crane wa:
disqualifying herself in the liquor
cases. The judge announced she
also was disqualifying herself II
liquor cases involving a husband
and wife and transferred then
to the Hyattsville Police Court
The only case left to be hearc
involved six minors picked VI
during raids by Brentwood police
on two taverns there or
February 2.