davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Eradication Debate?

There is not likely to be any public
debate between Ted Dalton, Republican
candidate for Governor Of Virginia, and
Democratic Senator Harry F. Byrd. This
is too bad. for such a debate might
clear up certain points for the benefit
Of Virginia voters.
In asking for debate, Mr.. Dalton
says Senator Byrd is using the segre-
cation issue ito save his political
machine at the expense Of the public
schools" We do not believe this is true.
The Senator's policy of massive re-
sistance," In our opinion, will not pre-
vent some school Indignation and may
seriously damage the public school
system. However. we have no doubt of
his sincerity. In advocating a LAST
ditch tight against indignation, he Is
not trying to save his political
machine" We think the Senator would
sacrifice his political machine" II that
would prevent Indignation. But 1t would
not. And we think Senator Byrd should
tell the voters what the consequences of
his no-integration policy will be.
@AANAS 0AC 0AoO CQAAAC QuCOOlOilo WHICH
Mr.. Dalton should answer He is advo-
eating program similar to that in
North Carolina, under which there
would be some school Indignation in
districts where public sentiment will
accept it. The so-called Stanley package
Of laws is in force in Virginia, however,
and, until they are repealed or modified,
they viii be binding on the next
Governor. Under these laws, integrated
schools will be temporarily closed, and
State aid funds will be cut on II they
are reopened This would seriously
damage the school system.
If he should be elected, what does
Mr.. Dalton propose to do about these
laws? VIII he enforce them, as the
Governor is required to do? Or does he
think that a Republican Governor win
be better equipped than q Democrat to
secure their repeal in q Legislature
which win be controlled by Senator
Byrd's political machine?"
On this point, we think the voters
are also entitled to hear from Lindsay
Almond. He, not Senator Byrd, is the
Democratic candidate for Governor.
Mr.. Almond is in a tight political
eorner-preSSured on the one side by
Democratic opponents Of the Stanley
package, and on the other by Democrats
who are violently opposed to any inte-
grafton. Still, this is a matter of vital
concern to all Virginians. Before they
vote they have a right to know where
Mr.. Almond really stands.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

The untimely death of Harry M.
Davidow has removed from the WASH
ington scene an honored business
leader, civic worker and good neighbor.
After more than 80 years in Washington
Mr.. Davidow had become an outstand-
ing figure In the merchandising COM
munity as we'll as a participant in the
building Of a greater National Capital.
He demonstrated by his deeds an I'M
bounded faith In the bright future Of
the whole Metropolitan Area.
His many friends and associates paid
tribute to his vision and dynamic
energies Just a year ago, when they
celebrated the completion of his 30th
year with the Hecht Company. Presi-
dent Eisenhower joined with others in
letting him know the depth Of the
city's appreciation for his unselfish
community endeavors to build better
and more prosperous Washington. It
was then recalled that he had pioneered
in the movement Of large stores here
to establish branches in the suburbs
yet without detriment to the growth
of the city's own business activities. Mr..
Davidow long will be remembered with
respect and affection In the District
and 1t environs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Lines Drawn in Britain

Britain's Labor Party has deployed
Its troops for long and determined
siege against Conservative control Of the
London government. In doing so, the
Laborites made an unequivocal choice
at their party conference at Brighton
recently on both leadership and plat
form for the forthcoming political
struggle. The leadership remains in the
hands Of Hugh Gaitskell, and in winning
1t he received the powerful and signifi-
cant support Of Aneurin Bevan The
platform, in brief, is one Of modified
ocialism-attacked by the left-wing of
the party, but obviously designed to be
more palatable to middle-of-the-road
voters when the next election test comes.
The party showdown on both mat
ters conferred around an executive COM
mittee policy statement, with Mr.. Gait
sken as the chief craftsman. It calls
for standardization of the steel and
long-diStance trucking industries, but
projects a new formula Of public own
ership" for other enterprises rather than
outright take-over. This would be done,
in industries found to be seriously fail
ing the nation" through purchase Of
corporation stocks by government PEN
sion funds. In these cases, private in
vestors could retain minority holdings
but government would have a control
ling voice over management. The pro-
gram was Endorsed by better than a A.
toll vote, with i've of Britain's six major
labor unions backing the Gaitskell line.
Before formal debate began, Mr.. Bevan
made an appeal for an end to personal
differences" within the party-an obvi-
GUS bid on his part for unity instead OF
holding out for more extreme socialist
doctrine, as he has done often in the
past.
Actually, there is no. general cleo
ton scheduled in Britain before 1860,
but by-elections and polls have shown
the Conservatives steadily losing public
support. The Laborites plainly are hop
ing that Conservative weakness will
show up In Parliament before 1860 and
&orce the Macmillan government into
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Military Moves

! get an uneasy feeling
bordering on fright by piec-
ing together recent news
items. / try to visualize q
body Of high officials respon-
sible for our defense and the
problems on which they
spend their energy. Our
missile development is ap-
parently lacking. Many COM
bat squadrons Of the Air
Force are being deactivated,
Thousands of military and
civilian personnel Of defense
agencies are losing their jobs.
Yet colossal amounts of
money and energy are being
spent on chess-like moves Of
non-combatant military
units. Air Training Com
mand has moved from Scott
AFB, Ill, TO Texas; MATS
and Air Weather Service are
moving from Andrews Field
to Scott, with 1880 employees;
ARDC is moving with l.40O
employees from Baltimore to
Andrews. Rumored cost S26
million. maybe more. Why?
This is certainly not a Ques-
ton Of decentralization"
because that word has lost
its meaning today. Isn't this
q curious way Of spending
taxpayers money in times
when the Defense DEPART
ment is unable 10 cut its
high rate Of spending2
Woman Reader.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Hoff0's Defence

Jimmy Hoffa told a gathering of his
teamster friends In Detroit the other
day that I'VE win be faced next year
with the toughest and toughest labor
legislation in history. The beleaguered
president-elect Of the big transport
union then reached for his martyrs
crown by suggesting that the Congress
will be passing legislation on a vim
dictive and personality basis" solely be-
cause they do not like the man who
has been elected.
1t is undoubtedly true at this point
that Hoffa would not win any popularity
contests on Capitol Hill. He knows fun
well, however, and so do others high in
the labor movement, that both Con-
gresSional and public sentiment have
been aroused in this case by issues far
deeper than the charm, or lack of
1t, of Hoffa, Dave Beck and the rest
of the discredited Teamster leadership.
Both the Mcclellan Committee Of the
Senate and the Ethical Practices Com
mittee Of the AEL-CIO have found that
the giant union has been used as a
weapon Of personal profit and power by
a clique OF unprincipled bosses closely
linked to the Nations underworld. The
fact that this union, through its IRON
fisted control over so much of the
country's distribution system, has a
potential stranglehold over the national
economy makes it an a matter Of
gravest concern. 1t is the responsibility
of Congress to legislate in the public
interest, and there Is little doubt now
that that interest demands new safe
guards in law.
Hoffa and his friends already have
limited at broadening their menacing
grip by formation Of transport council
or federation that would have the power
to bring all commercial trafac to a
standstill. He has, In addition, pledged
an about war on the rest Of organized
labor If the AFL-CIO dares to suspend
or expel his union. In short, HofFa is
defying law and order-in the courts,
in Congress and within the labor move
ment. 1t is he who is placing this chal-
lenge on "a vindictive and personality
basis" and it viii be very bad for the
country If he gets away with 1t. Both
the Mcclellan Committee and the anti
Hoffa leadership Of the AFL-CIO
deserve full public support in their
determination to defeat his plans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
LETTERS TO THE STAR

me that most Of US have ig-
nored the real culprit--our-
selves. For years we have
known that our method of Sc
lecting men for the Supreme
Court was steadily lowering
the respect for that body.
Would II not be better now
to prevent by law the ap-
pointment Of q popular
character highly skilled in
politics rather than in law.
who would certainly approve
Of the appointer's view Of q
question soon to be decided?
We could protect the dignity
Of our courts by requiring
outstanding service Of at
least five years as q district
court judge before appoint
ment to q Federal court Of
appeals and selection from
the latter after q similar ten
,ure. for q vacancy on our
court Of last resort. which
then would be better en-
titled to its appellation Of
Supreme"
Lex.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Economy?
Curious.

II seems to me that the
deficit in the postal depart
ment could be greatly re-
duced II they would use less
material in making stamps.
Instead Of increasing the
price Of postage, 1t seems
that they could save q great
deal Of money in paper.
printing and coloring mate
rails If they would make the
stamps just half as large.
! refer. especially. to the
stamp commemorative the
50th Anniversary Of the Pure
Food and Drug Laws with
Harvey w. Wiley's picture
on 1t. They could have made
it smaller and still have got
ten three cents for it: there
are many others this size.
too.
Elizabeth J. GOulett.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

We. Of Darlington, a new
development in the Chillum
area Of Maryland. have been
treated to q real lesson Of
monopoly and its inde-
pendence by the c. & P. Tele-
phone Co. Our area has been
under development since
early 1857. with the tirst &C.
cupant arriving in June.
Paved streets. with curbs and
storm sewers. were completed.
Water. gas and electricity
were ready upon arrival. But.
c. q p. said I'VE viii supply
you phone service around
December or January"
In this land Of plenty.
where there are too many
cars. too many stoves and
too many refrigerators. the
telephone people cry short
age Of material" we have
to get your cable BY boat
from Japan. We heard their
story after World War II; we
hear it again after Korea. At
this late date II has q hollow
ring.
1t would seem that 10 years
after World War II and four
years after Korea. we have
a right to expect better serv-
ice. yet we are helpless. There
are other" auto companies.
"other" refrigerator COM
panies. but there are no
"other" telephone companies.
They know we viii still be in
need Of their product when
ever they decide to deliver it.
That is the type Of service
offered to new applicants at
the very time they are APP
pealing for an increase in
rates. 1t seems to US that
they have failed miserably to
provide the service that they.
as a public utility. are bound
TO supply.
Clarence L. KILLER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

failures in planes, rockets.
satellites. A system should
be sacked. Until we're will
ing to recognize and pay
genius. wen get the work Of
college boys.
The government scientist
should be q dedicated man
scared Of losing his country
through war-not scared Of
losing his job.
We've botched top-line re-
search. Let's admit it and
change our system fast.
Or do we all want slave
collars?
L. Ron Hubbard.
Fear not. Americal The
administrations about to
announce the launching Of
an intercontinental golf
balll
Charles B. Mcdonald.
Hollywood. Fla.
49,
Have you received a report
lately Of any lS5-pound
Communist being kicked up
stairs?
Curious.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Draft Still Useful

Those who had hoped that the
steady drop in monthly inductions pre-
saged an early end Of compulsory mill
tary service are doomed to disappoint-
ment. The Defense Department Is
reported as determined to continue the
drafting Of young men as long as there
is any uncertainty as to the ability Of
voluntary recruiting methods to supply
present manpower requirements. And
Defense officials are convinced that,
once the draft were eliminated, the
number Of volunteer enlistments would
fall OF drastically.
At the beginning Of this year the
monthly draft quota was 1900 men.
The quotas have been declining, month
by month, during the year, until now
only 1000 inductees have been scheduled
for the November Gallup. The quota
is expected to drop to 5000 in the near
future. These reductions have been
made possible by the decrease in man
power levels in this era Of chronological
warfare. The armed forces are aiming
at strength of 2.6 million men by June
80 Of next year-a reduction in the
previous goal Of 100000 men,.
Opponents Of the draft have looked
upon these notifications of goals and
draft quotas as >heralding the return Of
voluntary enlistments as the sole source
Of military manpower. But the Defense
Department contends that selective
service will be needed as a supplement
to recruiting-and as an incentive to
volunteers. It is known that many
youths have enlisted in services of their
choice rather than subject themselves
TO the uncertainties of assignment
under the induction system. And II is
believed at the Pentagon that a sub
stantial number Of the volunteers would
have remained in civilian life II there
had been no draft law hanging over
their heads. So, as long as large num-
bers Of men are needed to keep our
modern Army, Navy and Marine Corps
at peak efficiency, compulsory military
service is apt to remain with us.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Jones. recalled the other day
his first steps in learning.
He was seven years old,
the orthodox age. in his day.
for the first grade.
He previously had gone 70
q sort Of village kindergar-.
ten. where the little ones
were taught to make woven
mats with strips of paper.
This task was clearly be-
yond young Jones. =
His fingers were not capa-
bic Of weaving them prop
erly, as years later they were
incapable of saving a wood
en- block neatly.
What do you do with such
a child?
Why. you send him to the
FIRST grade. Of course.
There he meets his best
friend
No. not the teacher
the alphabet.
II was then that little Tenn
(some spelled it Imp learned
his first word:
CAT. =
To him. this became the
greatest word in the world.
because it was the only one
he knew at first.
He went around scrawling
it on any smooth white sur4
face.
He came inevitably to
Grandfather Jones freshly
painted white clapboard
house.
An all-over paint Job then
cost about SIS. a lot Of money
in those days. You could eat
for a month on that much
money.
Young Temp took out his
trusty pencil. and scrawled
away.
BY the time he had COW
cred all the boards he could
reach, he had firmly planted
three letters Of his precious
alphabet where only rain
could wash them away.
And he had made himself
q lifelong friend Of the AMI
NAL tribe of Felis. though
he didn't know that at the
time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
In Appreciation

On behalf Of the mem
bers of the League Of Women
Voters of the District Of
Columbia. may I express our
sincere appreciation for the
excellent coverage given in
The Star to the League pro-
posals concerning the Dis
trict budget? Mr.. Deans ar
ticles were particularly clear
and well-written. We are
grateful to you for affording
our ideas q wider audience
than would have been pos
sible solely through our APP
pearance at the budget hear
ings.
Mrs. Milton Dunn,
President. d. c. League
of Women Voters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Rejected Diner

Regrettably I heard that
the Ghana Finance Minis
ters personal pride as a hui
man being was hurt" by the
custom Of a Northern restau-
rant. Let us hope his injury
will be rectified by the Gus
tom Of the United States
treasury
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

This world Is immersed in
the crown Of the sun, a thin
gas with q temperature Of
nearly q quarter million
degrees centigrade.
This has been reported to
the International Union OF
Geodesy and Geophysics by
DR.. Sidney Chapman OF
Cambridge University, Eng
land. Fortunately - other
wise the earth would be
burned up very quickly--the
gas is extremely tenuous.
The heating effect would be
notable only in the already
extremely hot edges Of the
atmosphere and probably
only in polar regions.
The suns corona is q
pearl-grey halo extending
around the suns disk far
above its surface which is
visible to naked eye only
during q total eclipse. Re-
cent experiments have DEM
onstrated that it has q tenn
perature Of about q million
centigrade. Temperature Of
the suns surface Is only
about 5000 c.
II now can be demon
strated. DR.. Chapman said,
that this corona is composed
almost entirely Of ionized
hydrogen. or independent
protons and electrons, the
primary units Of which all
matter is composed. Even
over the sun this elemental
gas is extremely tenuous-
probably more so than the
finest vacuum tube on earth.
The source Of its enormous
heat Is unknown.
Vacuum on Outer Edge
On its outer edge, the
corona faces an essential
vacuum. There is. nothing
to stop the enthusiastically
minute particles diffusing
outward through the reaches
Of the solar system. As this
progress goes on, however,
they viii become more and
more tenuous and lose heat.
BY the time they have
crossed the 90 million miles
TO the earth. DR.. Chapman
said, the temperature will
have declined to about 22O.- :
600 c. They can be consid-
cred an outward extension
Of the corona itself which,
he calculates. extends far
beyond the earth's orbit. 1t
might even include the whole
solar system.
The deductions concern
ing coronal temperature and
tenuouSness. it was explained,
come largely from the Occult
tations Of the still mystic
rious, invisible radio stars by
the solar crown.
Now. DR.. Chapman pointed
out. the earth is moving
through a quite tenuous
cloud Of atomic hydrogen
that is. hydrogen atoms
which have entered into no
chemical combinations and
may constitute the extreme
upper layer Of the atmos-
phere. Much Of this is split
into its constituent sub
atomic particles by the ultra
violet light Of the sun. More
probably is split UP by con-
tact with the coronal gas.
Thus an essentially homo
geneous medium is provided
for the transfer Of heat.
A general effect will be
to raise the temperature Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
.VISTAS IN SCIENCE
World Is EnveIoped in Suns Gas
By THOMAS r. HENRY

this outer layer, above the
layers which echo radio
waves back to earth, to about
10000 degrees. Then some
Of this heat is conducted TO
lower regions. Due TO prob
able extension Of the suns
magnetic. field to include the
earth. DR.. Chapman said, 1t
is likely that little Of the
heat comes into equatorial
regions but there is nothing
to prevent its inflow into
polar regions.
Immersion Of the earth in
the extremely hot coronal
gas. which may be consid-
cred part of the sun itself,
has an indistinguishable
effect on the temperature Of
the planet, it was pointed,
out, and Is Of consider.
able Importance from a.
scientific viewpoint. This.
gas, for example, must be
the medium through which.
shock waves from the earth
can be transmitted into
space.
The artificial moons to be
launched during the present
Inter national Geophysical
Year, DR.. Chapman points /.
out, will be flying through
the part of the corona tan
gent to the earth. The heat
and density Of the suns gas.
may have considerable effect
on their success or failure.
Lightning bolts can be trig-
gered by snow falling through
electrically charged sections.
Of clouds. Dr.. Horace r.
Byers Of the University Of.
Chicago has told meteorolo-D
gists Of the Onion. x
Snow in the upper part Of
o cloud. he said. has q posi-
tive charge while the moist
lower cloud is negatively.
charged. As the snow falls
through It the negative field
is boosted to where It can re-
lease a giant spark-a light.
ming bolt - which reaches
the positively charged earth
below.
High Voltage Clouds
A clouds millions of volts.
DR.. Byers and his associate.
DR.. Donald r. Fitzgerald, re-
ported. is built up by strong
currents of rising air that
pull electrically charged mol
ecules from the surrounding
air into its billowing turrets.
This high voltage increases
as the clouds tiny water
droplets absorb more and
more negatively charged air
molecules.
As the top Of the cloud
climbs through the atmos-
phere it passes into freezing
levels of air. Here the Drop.
lets turn to snow and take on
a strong positive charge. The
lightning results.
OF the bots. started by the
snow. the Chicago investiga-
tors say only a third ever
reach the ground. The others
are diSsipated in the cloud
itself. After firing a bolt the
clouds negative electricity is
rebuilt BY strong upward air
currents, Neighhoring clouds
can form a thunderstorm Of
close to a billion volts inten-
sity. z
The data for these conclu-
sions were obtained on flights
Of bombers supplied by the
Air Force which few 1000
times through the hearts Of
cumulus clouds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

I would like to direct to
the District of Columbia
Board of Education the fol-
lowing question:
Who is responsible for the
current decision that cadets
in public high schools must
now wear expensive blue wool
uniforms instead of the
washable and considerably
less expensive khaki ones
previously worn?
Has 1t been taken into con-
sideration that this compul-
sorry uniform imposes a
hardship on parents in lin
tied economic circumstances?
That besides the initial cost
Of such dress the frequent
dry cleaning. neceSsitated by
the cadets having to lie on
the ground In some Of their
drilling, puts an added bur-
den on an already strained
budget?
Something else TO which
thought has apparently not
been given is that some par
ents will have more than one
cadet TO clothe.
b. N. r.
Editors note: The Board
Of Education made the ulti-
4Aate decision
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

calling an earlier election. with the
Labor ranks reasonably firni--despite
the currently bitter Disappointment Of
the left-wing mlnority--Mr. Gaitskells
party is favored now to win any nation-
wide test. particularly II It can be forced
through parliamentary. crisis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. In music. what is the
difference between Theory
and Harmony? S. r.
A. Theory, in music. relateS
to the study of the rudi-
mentS Of music. such as
notes, key signatures. scales.
musical terms. The study Of
Harmony, which is more adj
vanced, makes use Of this
knowledge by way OF part-
writing. keyboard work.
analysis Of chords, etc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-14

Pen names may be used n
letters carry tOrtters' correct
names and addresses. Al
letters are subject to conden-
sdtton.