davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22

The machine was the teleprint-
er. The company was Morkrum,
named for salt-maker Joy Morton
the financial backer-and Charles
l.. Krum-who provided the inven-
tive genius.
Perfected, multiplied and stretch
ed in all directions, teleprinter net
works have since become the life
lines of news dissemination
throughout the globe. The biggest
user of teletype machines today is
the Associated Press, which brings
news from the world over to Am
erican newspapers and radio and
TV stations.
The AP also was the first major
user of the machine, introducing
it to newspapers with a 16-point
network set up by Kent Cooper,
former AP general manager, in
New York in 1915. Today more
than 1000 machines are required
by the APPS constantly chattering
networks.
The first teletype machine was
develop in 1907. The first CONNER
cial sale by the Morkum Co was
made three years later when The
Postal Telegraph Co. commission
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22
LUCKY FIND

GAS CITY, Ind. = up = Find
ing a hole in the ground was
worth $25,00O to Gas City.
Just before starting to dig a
5000 storm drain for the north
east section, city employees found
a long-abandoned sewer. 1t will
be used instead, at cost of only
$500 for repairs.
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22
DO-IT-YOURSELF

Ell RENO, Okla. up Weldon Cru
der of FL Reno doesn't do much
flying; he's becoming an expert at
building aircraft in his home
shop.
Grudier, who has built two sport
planes and helped construct gil
der, now is in the midst of another
project. He's building a gyrocop-
ter.
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22
PET BUFFALO

CARNEGIE, Okla. -(P- This
item appeared in the Carnegie,
Okla, Herald:
Anybody want a buffalo? The
Wichita Wildlife Game Refuge Of
ficials have announced they have
several head Of the early day
prairie roamers for sale to some
one wanting a nice pet around the
house."
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22
ILLEGAL HOBBY

JPAREz, Mexico = R.- Police
here have advised Raul Moreno to
get another hobby. Ill
He was arrested after being OBJ
served letting the air out of an
automobile tire.
He explained he nEed to stand by
and watch the reaction Of the car
owners.
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22

Rev. F.. Russell Mitchell of Gov
ington, KY, and a native of Dover,
Del, will be conducting revival
services at Greenwood, Del, Pill
grim Holiness Church, November
27-December s. Services nightly at
1880.
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22

The original name of Detroit was
Fort Ponchartrain du Detroit ?"
That was when the French held it
in 1701
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22
IeLetyPe Corp. Notes
It's 5Oh Anniversary
AP Newsfeatures

Fifty this month a
develop and manufacture machine which its hackers hoped would
possible at
telegraph line and letters which duplicated by
al the othe rend
Milford chronicle., 1957-11-22

Hard work and no play is bad
but not nearly as bad as no hard
work and too much play.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike fights Congress for foreign aid funds. The
administrations prestige is at stake The TV quiz shows
threatening to give money than the Government
With Secretary Dulles the hit Of popular love song
1kes cabinet Jealous The Interior Department
for its boss MY wild hearts a-cheatn for Interiors
Freddy Seaton"
Labors AFL-CIO Council blasts the Eisenhower team
for blundering" In fact things snared these
days IN Washington that labor leaders have stand in line
to take the Fifth Amendment.
Senate committee okays Neil McEroy soap executive
for Defense Secretary Since the statute Of limitations has
run Jokes. sufnce it to say therel be policy
Of detergent war.
Modern Republicansm: The New Deal in the clutches
Of the finance company.
Formula for success: Knuckle down. work hard, save
your money-and marry a lady tax lawyer.
Gen. Twining and Admiral Radford predict there be
no big We Americans have taste for fighting
foreign sopreferring to ambush another United
States highways
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16

A new pattern for the
Democratic Party, which
seems to be evolving from
certain circumstances and
necessities. is being quietly
discussed among Southern
and Western Democrats in
Congress.
They envisage a coalition
Of South and West as a f1rnl
future base with such addi-
tional strength as can be
drawn from the industrial
Middle West and East to
bring about national victory.
How the basic South and
West combination can be put
together we saw done re-
Gently in the Senate civil
rights battle by Senator Lyn-
don johnson Of Texas. the
party leader. This, as you re-
member, was on an issue
deeply concerning the South
the Jury trial" require
ment in criminal contempt
cases-in which Western
Democrats were enlisted to
help a Southern cause.
While this was a temporary
bargain Of expediency from
which all parties benefited
and they ran the scale from
conservative in the South TO
progressive in the Pacific
Northwest-it revealed a CO.
alltion that can be recreated
because Of common political
and economic interests Of
South and West In our rap
idly changing economy.
Those common interests in
clude agriculture with its
livestock industry adjunct,
development Of water re-
sources for power, irrigation
and reclamation, oil and nat
ural gas, aircraft and other
new industries, some war;
born. now thriving on the
Pacific Coast as well as in
the South, which has now,
indeed, such diversified in
dustry as few would have
forecast even a quarter-of-
a-century ago.
There long has been a COM
munity Of interest between
South and Southwest. It was
capitalized by Senator john
son In the civil rights crisis
that so concerned his South
ern colleagues, as 1t has been
capitalized before. Symbol
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16

The government Of the
Soviet Union has again dem
onstrated its faithlessness.
1t has revealed itself as the
perpetrator Of the biggest
hoax Of the age-professing
an alleged willingness to
make a disarmament agree
ment when the fact is the
Soviets never sincerely In
tended to consummate any
such pact.
What the Soviets have done
Is to spread throughout the
world q propaganda that
they want to disarm. but the
plot really Is to disarm the
West while maintaining in
tact the strategic strength
of the Moscow empire. in
GLIDING its slave states in the
Balkans.
Announcement in Lon
don by the Soviet spokesman
that mere can be no first
step In q disarmament pro-
gram without some with
drawal of foreign forces from
Germany and a start toward
the elimination of overseas
military bases of the Western
allies is transparency the
same old Communist game.
For several years now.
Moscow has sought to break
up the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization and has refused
to agree to any steps looking
toward the unif1cation Of
East and West Germany.
Now the Communists have
been forced into the open.
Their real demands are dis
closed at last, and these are
the same as always. They
constitute a palpable effort
to get the American forces
and weapons out of Europe so
as to leave the weaker democ-
racies Of the West at the
mercy of the conventional
armies of the Soviet Union,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
British Climbers ScuIe
HIGH Peck in Andes

LIMA. Peru, Aug. Is R.-
The British Cambridge Andean
expedition reported yesterday
it had scaled hitherto uncon-
quered Mount Pumasillo, 20. 492
feet high. in southeast Peru.
Reports from an expedition
member received at Cuzco said
the success was scored July %.
The British group was head
ed by S. Gravina.
Pumasillo Is one Of the IL
peaks forming the Vilacanota
range in the southeastern part
Of this country. Previous at
tempts. including one by the
North American expedition of
George Bell. failed to scale it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
The Soviet Disarmament Hoax

den turn in the London con-
ference will have on Ameri-
cas- plans for maintaining
present armament levels is
too early to appraise. For the
Department of Defense has
lately been making some
very important economies
based on the assumption that
Americas allies will provide
certain forces overseas and
that missiles and nuclear
weapons stored there will
render unnecessary the
maintenance of as large a
standing army as this coun-
try has been supporting these
last few years.
Some Of the cuts In the
Federal budget have been
predicated on the belief that
there is an easing Of tension
involved somehow as q re-
suit Of the very fact that dis
armament talks have been
going on. But now that it is
plain that the talks aren't
going to get anywhere-at
least not in the foreseeable
future--it may be that de-
Tense planning will have to be
revised. Anyway. while dis
armament discussions may
drag on for years. develop
ments in the last "a hours
indicate nothing tangible now
may be expected for a long,
long time and that the only
way to prevent war is to
keep America and her allies
fully armed.
This ought to convince
many neSltanC members OF
Congress Of the great impor-
lance Of the pending legisla-
ton which must provide ade-
quate funds for the mutual
aid program. If a special ses-
sion of Congress has to be
called, the President may find
the issue important enough
to take 1t to the country soon
in the hope Of mobilizing
public opinion in favor Of q
strengthened defense pro-
gram.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
Kremlin's Conditions for Accord Called
Sign They Didn't Intend to Honor 1t

which are the largest in the
world today.
The Soviet government has
deluded many people in the
United States and elsewhere
with the argument that nu-
clear tests must be halted
and will be in some sort Of
disarmament agreement. But
1t is evident now that the
Moscow regime isn't ready
to ban its own tests and
merely wants to exert pres
sure on the West to stop
their tests. ban all nuclear
weapons. large and small. and
send American troops back
to the United States.
Experience In two world
wars has shown that Ameri-
can troops cannot get to Eu-
rope except after a lapse Of
months, and bases cannot be
equipped overnight. The wis
dom of the concept behind
NATO is that America stays
in Europe and military bases
are kept in a high state Of
readiness so our planes will
be able to retaliate if the
Soviets engage in any sudden
aggression.
It is apparent now that
Harold Stassen was a bit too
optimistic in his impressions
Of what the Russians were
ready to do. but he is not
the only one in the American
Government who thought
there was no harm in testing
out Soviet intentions to the
fullest.
Today the world knows
that Moscow wants to bar
gain each step Of the way
and that already her rulers
have fatty laid down the
proposition that there can
be no uniflcation Of Germany
unless NATO is demolished
and Am erican troops 60
home.
Just what effect the sud-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
Widespread Shift Of Farm Population
To Cities Changes Political Climate

ton Of this fact is the tend
ency Of the two parties to
stand closer together on
nearly all issues. It is the real
secret of that moderation"
which both the Republican
President and the Senate
Democratic leader. Lyndon
johnson, claim for their
trademark.
It Is the reason the ambi-
tious Vice President, Richard
Nixon, has looked to greener
pastures than the old RE
publican heartland. the farm
belt" which was for so long
the base of COP. voting
strength.
One astute politician who
has served in both the Sem
ate and the executive branch
comments: ut sounds brutal
to say 1t. but there are only
about 5 million farmers any
more and there are 10 million
Negroes. That is why there's
no farm legislation before US
and we are struggling so hard
with civil rights"
The same veteran estimated
that when he arrived here
during the New Deal. about
300 of the members Of the
House had to pay very
marked attention to farm
needs and complaints. They
would put that figure today
at about 100.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
THOMAS L. STOKES
Changing Democratic Pattern

brought It's Quid pro quo
in Northwestern Democratic
votes for the civil rights com.
promise he wanted.
There are three migrations
today that are cited gener-
ally as influences changing
our political pattern. One Of
these Is credited by Demo-
cratic analysts in Congress as
contributing to the Demo-
cratic upturn in the West.
That is the movement to the
West Of young people. a mod
ern pioneering adventure that
seems to express itself politi-
cally more toward the Demo-
cratic Party.
This brings us to two other
migrations which Democratic
analysts concede are adverse
to them. Both affect the
East. That section is now
the Democratic Party's big
problem, In contrast with the
Franklin d. Roosevelt era
when the teeming millions Of
the big cities. victims Of de-
preston and beneficiaries Of
New Deal aid. were the stuff
Of successive Democratic tri-
umphs.
One migration harmful to
Democrats is that to the
suburbs by now more pros
porous families which once
lived in less-favored city
precincts. some in the slums.
where they were closer to
the ministrations Of Demo-
cratic bosses. Now, equipped
with a mortgage as a badge
Of responsibility. they become
Republicans to be like their
neighbors. The other migra-
ton is that Of Negroes from
the South to Northern cities.
There they are inclined to
become Republicans in their
changed estate. To keep them
Republicans, and to enlist
others. the Republicans are
relying on Eisenhower adj
ministration sponsorship Of
civil rights legislation. The
threat Of widespread defec-
ton among Negroes, which
was demonstrated last No
vember, finally induced Sem
ator johnson to try to get
some sort Of a civil rights
bill in order to cut down the
assertions as much as posi-
BILE in big Eastern centers
where Democrats once we're
so strong.
For II is obvious that the
increasing strength Of DEM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
White Russians DwindIe
Under Chinese Regime

white funeral carriage drawn by
two brown horses draped with
large nets.
1t was the funeral Of an old
Russian lady. q leading member
Of Harbin's Russian community.
The church doors opened and
the sound Of organ music
swelled out into the street. The
priests walked out, some Rus
sian, some Chinese. The white
bearded Russian priests, in ma
jestic robes and mitres, pre-
ceded the comm.
1t was hoisted upon the
hearse and the horses were
coaxed forward to the grave
yard. We Travelled down q long
boulevard where Chinese chill
dren gaped.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
DORIS FLEEsoN

One Of the extraordinary
political phenomena Of the
Eisenhower administration
is the complete and utter
collapse Of the once powerful
farm bloc. Its dissolution is
so complete, it does not even
put on an interesting struggle
these days.
This is the logical result Of
population shifts so wide
spread and so striking many
Americans have yet to grasp
them.
To take one example. Sem
ator Ralph Marlborough of
Texas surprised himself when
he made a study Of popula-
ton trends in his State for
campaign purposes last year.
He found that in 1910, about
As per cent of Texans were
on farms and ranches, but
that in 1855 only 1877 per
cent had remained there.
Furthermore the trend is
continuing.
Not all States show so
dramatic a swing away from
the old pattern-naturally-
but all regions do. The flight
from the farm and to the city
has been so accelerated since
the war it actually has tended
to submerge the old regional
differences.
The broad political reflec-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
DORIS FLEEsoN
Dissolution of the Farm Bloc

The breakup Of the old
farm bloc happened with sur
prising suddenness because
the population shifts took
place all at once. The South.
which so long made common
cause with the Middle and
Far West. has been empha-
sizing changes there by re-
ceding from the old interna.
tionalism dictated by its need
to sell cotton on the world
market.
The big-city Congressmen
who once traded votes with
farm State members have
found they could no longer do
so because their burgeoning
districts are so conscious
now OF the nlgn price OF 1000.
1t is unfortunately not true
that those high prices have
meant q rise or even stability
in farm income. While indi-
vidual farm income seems
stable, 1t looks so only be-
cause the farmers are ever
fewer In number. The total
farm share Of the gross ma
tional product is down.
Many economists feel there
still are far too many poor
farmers who must find other
ways to augment their in
comes. In this view. the
mechanization Of the farm
and its increasing size wher-
ever 1t is prosperous are
trends that cannot now be
halted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
CONSTANTINE BROWN
People Show Little Real Discomfort
As Nation Tightens Its Economic Belt

formerly was available for
export.
The government program
Of industrial expansion re-
quires importing machine
tools from abroad. The gov
eminent also is constructing
a vast new network Of rail-
ways and highways. Only
recently it was decided to
change the face of Istanbul
itself. Buildings and houses
are being torn down to make
room for new boulevards,
public gardens and squares.
All this requires public money
of which little is available.
In this country the small
landowner is exempt from
taxes by a law which was
passed in the days Of Alta
turk. Before the Turkish
revolution, the businessman,
banker and others with large
incomes paid no taxes-only
graft money to the sultans
and their minions. The bulk
G. the income Of the once
vast empire came from the
land tiller. who had to yield
from one-half to two-thirds
of his crops-cereals, fruits,
tobacco and cotton-to the
government. This accounts
in a major degree for the
backwardness of Turkey
where more than two-thirds
Of the population lived prim-
itively.
When Ataturk overthrow
the sultan and created a
modern democratic republic,
his first thoughts were for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
Leaders Envis0ge South and West
As Bosis for New Party Strength

izing this community. Of In
terest, you may recall that
the Senate Democratic leader
who preceded Senator john
son was an Arizona Senator
Ernest w. Mcfarland, now
Governor of Arizona-who
was put over by Southern
votes at the instance Of Sem
ator Richard Russell Of Geor-
gia. the recognized Old South
leader. Senator Mcfarland
was scrupulous about South
ern wishes during his tenure.
When that was cut short by
his defeat for reelection. the
Southwest returned the pre-
vious compliment Of the
South by supporting Senator
Johnson when the latter got
the nod for the post from
Senator Russell.
In the civil rights emer-
gency. Senator johnson went
right UP the map, after he
had corralled the Southwest,
to enlist Senators from the
mountain States and the
Pacific Northwest. He thus
cultivated and tied in with
the South an increasingly
important segment Of the
Democratic Party.
The Vests claim TO rec
ognition-and a Just claim
is due to the astonishing
gains 1t showed for the Demo-
cratic Party in last Novem-
ber's elections on local, State
and congressional levels. add
ing new Governors and Sena-
tors as well as enough new
House members TO offset con-
gressional losses in the East.
and filtering down into State
legislatures.
Nearly everywhere in the
West also President Eisen-
hower's majorities were cut
below 1852. The hurricane
hit with particular force in
the Pacific Northwest. There
an effective issue was Demo-
cratic championing Of a high
Federal dam at Hells Canyon
which was responsible for
eliminating a number Of Re-
publicans. To link UP the
chain reaction from Novem-
Der to now-it was Southern
votes that Senator johnson
channeled TO the Hells Cam
yon bill TO put II over In the
sehate q few weeks ago that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
Turkey, Also, Is Host to Initiation

the peassntry. He caused the
National Assembly to pass a
law exempting them from
direct taxation. Thus the
town population now has to
bear the burden Of direct
taxation, which, however,
does not exceed IS per cent
in the highest income brack-
cts. This apparently was
sufficient to meet the treas
ury's needs before Turkey
became a. member Of NATO
and engaged in q vast arma-
ment program - which Is
greatly assisted. Of course, by
our military aid program.
But in the more than 80
years since the Turkish re-
public was established the
standard Of living Of the
peasantry, which in the past
barely managed to Subsist,
has been increased more than
in any other country in the
world. Moreover, all citizens
males and females-have
the right to vote, and do so.
They discovered that they
can continue and improve
their present mode Of living
by electing governments
which are mindful Of farm
supports, improved housing
and improved education.
Bad crops over the last
three years and the cost Of
improvements which are not
supported by the United
States caused the adminis-
tration to print money with.
out moderation. Hence the
present devaluation Of the
lire. the trotting imitation
and the drastic curtailment
Of all except the most essen
fio1 iv,ana,.fs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-16
Regular Services

ocrats in the West cannot
guarantee victory in a ma
tional election, but the Dem
ocrats also must regain some
States In the East to add to
the South. This Eastern di.
lemma is as yet .unresolved.
Plainly 1t cannot be neglected,
nor can it be helped II the
Democratic Party in its con-
gressional front window be-
tween elections exposes too
many relics Of the Confed-
eracy or antagonizes bie-city
voters and consumers by such
gouges as the natural gas
bill.