davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-01
At the white pump
new GULF
SUPER N0.N0X.

A stand-out-even among premium fuels-for its
famous cean-burning engine protection And it's sure
to deliver peak knockproof performance in the great
majority of cars the road today By far the best
gasoline you buy for all but the most critical of
today's engines.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-01
First Synthetic Dye

PITTSBURGH. - First syn.
lthetic dye Of commercial i'm
sportance was produced in 1856.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
Jordon's Friends Speak

There is reaSSuring significance, for
the time being at least, in the Joint dis
approval expressed by Iraq and Saudi
Arabia of the current Egyptian-Syrian
propaganda campaign against Jordan.
The campaign itself has been unusual
in its misunderstanding the inflam-
matory charge that King Hussein and
his Jordanian government are seeking
to negotiate separate peace with Israel
and offering the thinly yelled sugges-
ton that assassination of the young
pro-WeStern ruler would be in order.
HuSSein, in turn, has denounced the
charges as malicious lies" and has ac-
cuSed his attackers of selling themselves
to communism and of exploiting Arab
nationaliSm.
While the theme of unity" is a ia
vored one with Arab Spokesman, it is
notable in this case that King Faisal Of
Iraq and King Saud of Saudi Arabia
made it clear in personal pronounce
ments that they consider the Egyptian
Syrian combine as the "aggressor" in
an effort that could benefit only "the
enemies of Arabs and Moslems.''
Jordanian spokesman at the
United Nations, apparently hoping to
discourage any overt intervention by
outside powers, has described the ex-
change as family affair" It is, to a
degree, and there are recognized risks in
open participation by Western nation,
for example, in the Arab feuding. The
fact remains, however, that HusSein and
his government have Scant chance of
surviving without Western aid-eco-
nomic and military. Jordan does not
have the resources to support itself
economically. 1t is deeply divided polit-
ically between pro-government native
population and an anti-government pop
ulation of more than half million
PaleStinian Arab refugees. In a crisis
last spring, the military gave HuSsein
the needed margin of power but there are
reports now Of anti-WeStern subverSion
within the armed forces. Jordan'S CON
quest" politically If not militarily, by
elements favoring the Egyptian
bloc in effect would connect these two
countries territorially and permit new
anti-WeStern presSures against Iraq and
Saudi Arabia.
King HuSsein himself has described
communism as the real enemy, not only
of Jordan but Of the Arab world. Events
of recent months, particularly in Syria,
bear out his evaluation. The best in
terests of the Western world. and of the
Arabs too, will be served If this young
ruler is able to retain his throne and
preserve his country'S sovereignty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
Better Go Slow

The Maryland National Capital Park
and Planning Commission has given the
Washington Suburban Sanitary Com
mission some cogent arguments against
building a sprawling $28 million Ultra
tion plant at Watts Branch, in the
Potomac, Maryland, residential area.
The Sanitary Commission is not required
by law to follow the advice of the plan
ming agency, but we think the water
and-sewer group ought to give the plan
ners' recommendations very careful
consideration. We agree with the plan
nerS that, unless there are Overriding"
engineering reasons for placing the Gin
duStrial-type" installation at Watts
Branch, an alternative location better
suited for such plant from the stand
point Of land-use planning should be
selected.
Apparently, however, there is no
overriding technical reason for using
Watts Branch rather than one of several
alternate sites that have been under
study. The Planning Commission has
suggested location just above Great
Falls as preferable from every viewpoint
except cost.
On the cost issue, the planning
agency had this pertinent comment:
I'VE believe that the use of the Great
Falls site would be in harmony with the
orderly and systematic development of
the Maryland Washington Regional
District and that the additional costs
involved would be justified by the preser-
walton of land valueS-Scenic and rec
reational values on which no price tag
can be placed-and by not encouraging
the possibility of future induStrialization
in the immediate vicinity, including the
opposite river frontage in Virginia"
1t is obvious that the construction
at Watts Branch of large water-treat-
ment plant, with huge filtration reser-
voirs and storage tanks, would have an
adverse impact on the beautifully
Handicapped Potomac community and on
park areas of the Potomac River. The
WSSC ought to go slow. and take Sec
ond look at the problem.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18

newspapers would curtail the
amount Of revenue realized
from the advertisements and
If the tax we're increased to a
high degree, as II could be
If valid. might result in des-
troving both advertising and
circulation. In view Of this he
reached the conclusion that
the act imposing the tax was
unconstitutional under the
due process Of the law clause
because 1t abridges the free
dom Of the press.
II the Baltimore taxing au-
thority will review Justice
Sutherland's ruling in full
they may realize that their
action will only lead to a
needless waste OF time and
money for both the City Of
Baltimore and the newspaper
publishers.
Reuben E. Stone, NJ. ID.
Editors Note: DR.. Stone
has cited a case which may
play an important part in
probable litigation to test
Baltimore's unique taxi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
End of q Travel Era?

The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Is
not pioneering entirely new ground in
its proposals to curtail some of its pas
senger services, including complete aban-
donment of the Westinghouse York
schedules. In recent years, many roads,
particularly in the East, have found that
hauling passengers has become increas-
ingly improbable as costs have risen
while air and highway travel have cut
steadily into the volume of rail traffic.
In announcing two weeks ago that they
were considering a merger, the New
York Central and Pennsylvania Rail-
roads specified that "unprofitable and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18

unpatronized" passenger services have
posed one of their major economic
problems.
For the BIZ o the effort to provide
passenger service in and out OF New
York City has been a losing battle eco
nomically for most of the time since its
contract to operate trains into the
Pennsylvania Station there was termi-
mated in the 1920s. Since then, service
to Jersey City has been supplemented
by bus and ferry facilities-normally
pleasant. but consuming and at a
marked disadvantage comparatively.
In this case, the answer to the rail-
road plea must be given by the regula-
tory bodies of Maryland, Delaware and
PennSylvania-the States where the
company has tracks of its own. What
ever the decision, it seems clear that
both State and Federal regulatory
agencies will be facing other urgent
appeals from the Eastern railroads for
relief in this field
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
At the Waters Edqe

Although 1t is possible to detect
some between-the -lineS politicking in it.
the weekend statement of the Demo-
cratic Advisory Council is generally
reaSSuring one. For it seems on the
whole to hold out good promise of the
kind OF bipartisan cooperation that our
country Sorely needs as it undertakes. to
counter the immense threat implicit in
Soviet scientific and military progress.
At any rate, the 24-member coun-
Gil which is an appendage of the Dem
socratic National Committee, has used
temperate and earnest language. It has
done SO in keeping with the traditional
American view that domestic political
feuding must stop at the waters edge
and that our two major parties must
collaborate as closely as possible in
periods of acute international trouble
or crisis. Such time is now. And
the councils statement, while indi-
rectly criticizing the Presidents recent
speeches for failing to generate "a
greater sense of urgency" and while
implying that his administration has
mismanaged many things involving our
dorSement to the measures he has out
lined in response to the Soviet challenge.
OF course, such statement (Adlai
Stevenson among the Signers) does not
speak for all elements of the Democratic
Party, many of whose members differ
on matters like the budget, foreign aid
and the sharing of nuclear secrets and
weapons with other nations in the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization. Even so,
the council is an influential body, and
every American has reason to welcome
this promise from it: "As Democrats, we
seek no partisan advantage from the un-
happy and precariouS state of affairs in
which America finds itself today. We
pledge our wholehearted support to the
President in any sound action which he
may propose to take to strengthen our
defenses and those of our allies and to
work with peoples everywhere toward
secure and lasting peace"
These words, whether by accident or
design, have come from the Democratic
Advisory Council just prior to MIR. Ste
venSonS meeting today with Secretary
Dulles. They are wholesome words. II
they mean what they say, and if the
Republicans respond in kind, this Nation
should have no great difficulty in work.
ing out an effective bipartisan foreign
policy and defense program for the diff
ficult and dangerous days ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
Clarifying the Low

In the celebrated Monte Durham
case, the Court of Appeals announced
a new, or an additional, definition of
insanity in criminal cases. The result
has been great confusion among lawyers
and trial judges On October Is of this
year, the appellate court handed down
q decision in the case of man named
Archibald LyleS The purpose of this
opinion, as we understand it, was to
clarity the rule in the Durham case.
We quote the following Introductory
paragraphs:
Per Curtain (By the Court The judy
ment Of the District Court is affirmed.
Chief Judge Edgerton and Judges Baze-
Ion, Fahy and Washington dissent.
Judges Prettyman and Burger file an
opinion. prepared by them jointly. Four
points are discussed. under separate head
ings to W.. Chief Judge Edgerton and
Judges Bazelon, Fahy and Washington
agree with Point of that opinion They
also agree with Point II. except that they
are of the view the error of the District
Court was reversible error. Judges Will
bur K. Miller, Danaher and Bastian con-
cur on Points III and w.
Judge Bastian files separate opinion,
IN which Judge Wilbur K Miller and
Judge Danaher concur Judge Bazelon.
on behalf of himself, Chief Judge Edger-
ton and Judge Washington, files a dis
senting opinion. Judge Fahy files a sepa-
rate dissenting opinion.
This Qualification of the Durham
rule calls to mind story we heard the
other day. A lawyer, as we get the story,
had been talking informally to one of
the appellate judges and he urged that
the judges clear up and spell out the
Durham rule so that trial lawyers could
understand it. Thesjudge responded, or
so we are told, to this effect: Don't be
impatient. The law has been evolving
over hundreds of years, and in another
Is or so years you will have the clarif1-
cation you want" Now we are wonder
ing whether this judge was not erring
on the optimistic side.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
II All Depends

The growing attention de
voted to Wernher Won Braun
plainly suggests he is tan
tamount to our Nations sa-
vior in the present rocket
race. Do the British and
others who were on the re-
ceiving end Of his fiendish
World War II weapons share
our zeal?
Just over a dozen years
ago he was planning a trans
atlantic rocket bomb for de-
stroying American cities. But
all has been hastily forgiven
and he is now begged to in
vent rockets for hurting in
the opposite. direction-at the
East.
This hurried amnesty and
adulation for an only-yes-
terday foe is. ! suppose, one
of the lesser insanities of
modern history. But. in the
light of it. we need not be
surprised, IL years from
now. If Soviet scientists are
as numerous and respected
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

The man on the bicycle
has been passing Jones for
years without speaking.
He must feel he knows our
old friend by this time.
He has seen him in cold
weather, hot weather, and all
the days in between.
They have never spoken.
but 1t was not to be expected
1t is somewhat difficult to
talk when one participant is
drifting by
Then it happened
A dog running along in
traffic excited the man to
speak.
AS he went by Jones. the
man said. Somebody is go
ing to lose a nice dog"
They sure are" roared
Jones, as the man and the
dog went by. The runner
didn't run today.
Then came the two school,
girls, Barbara and Joan.
These usually arrive two
minutes. to the dot, before
the down-bus.
Templeton Jones says
Good morning" in his best
fashion. and then doesn't
know what to say.
Teen-agers are difficult TO
talk to, he finds.
They are his two-minute
companions for the school
year, then they disappear.
too. to show up again in the
fall.
They all stand there. UNI
til the silver shape appears
over the hill.
Here 1t is" says the
blond.
yes" says the brunette.
Temp Jones says nothing
at all. q very good plan,
when you don't know what
to say.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
VISTAS TN SCIENCE
Sexes Differ in Their Blood Pressure
By THOMAS R. HENRY

in the entire problem Of sex
Differences in arterio-scler-
osis. or hardening Of the
arteries.
Women In the so to 70 age
level seem to have higher
blood levels of cholesterol,
lipids and other fats which
are believed to contribute to
arterial hardening. But they
have q lower incidence of
this than men.
$50
Approximately $4,000 stu
dents from other nations
were studying in institutions
Of higher learning in the
United States during 1953-54
equal to the combined en-
rollment Of foreign students
in all universities of Western
Europe. Thirty years earlier.
the universities of Western
Europe attracted three times
as many foreign students as
those In the United States.
These data are part Of q
report by the National Sci
ence Foundation on exchange
of foreign and United States
graduate students in the
sciencies, engineering and
other fields. The data are
based on surveys of the IN
stitute Of International Edu-
cation. New York City, and a
Foundation survey on grad
uate enrolment. The analysis
is designed to complement a
report Of graduate student
enrolment and stipends in
the academic year. 1953-54.
to be published by the Foun-
dalton this summer.
Steady Increase Noted
Numbers Of foreign stu
dents studying at United
States colleges and UNIVERSE
ties have increased steadily
since World War II until, in
1856. $1,000 were reported,
of whom $4,000 were at the
graduate level. The increase
is indicative Of the demand
for professional and technical
personnel in all parts of the
world. as well as the fact that
United States institutions Of
higher learning have achieved
internationally recognized
status. While the majority Of
foreign students in this coun-
try are studying at the un-
dergraduate level, United
States students abroad are
predominantly at the gradu-
ate level.
Until 1916, the total num-
Der of foreign students at
United States colleges and
universities never exceeded
10000. of which no more than
5000 were graduate stu
dents. Since 1916, the num-
Der of foreign students in the
United States has more than
trebled. In ,1953-54 about
one-third Of the foreign stu
dents here were studying at
the graduate level (approxi-
mately SO of the total United
States graduate enrolment
of 250.000). They were pre-
dominately studying in the
natural sciences and engin-
eering. On the other hand,
the approximately $500
United States students abroad
were primarily studying in
the humanities, mostly at the
graduate level.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18

@. Is Ernest Borgnine the
actors real name?-B. j.
A. Ernest Borgnine was
born Ermes Enron Borgnine.
The family name was orig
inally Borgnino. The actor
was born January "a, 1917,
in Hamden, Conn, son OF
Charles and Anna Boselli
Borgnine. who had emigrated
to the United States from
Italy.
Q. How large is the United
Presbyterian Church which is
combining with the Presby-
terrain Church in the U. s. A.?
p. l..
A. In 1855 the United Pres
byterian Church had 1893
churches. with total member
ship Of about 245. 900. and
825 Sunday schools with en-
ronment Of 10000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18

Women over so have higher
blood pressures than men,
but they live longer.
High blood pressure IN the
past has been considered q
major cause Of shortening
life.
This has just been reported
to the American Medical As
ISOLATION by DR.. Arthur M.
Master Of Mount Sinai Hos
pital. New York. The report
was based on $4,000 examina-
tons by 5000 doctors.
The persons studied were
patients, relatives and friends
Of the physicians who APP
parently were in excellent
health and able to take COM
plete care Of themselves.
Nobody with heart disease
was included. The 1898 men
and 2.759 women studied were
similar to the total popula-
ton with respect to local
ity, economic status and
related factors. The physi-
clans reporting were scattered
throughout the country.
A major finding Of the
study was that blood pres
sure, which shows q con-
bistent rise up TO the age
vi IS. does not continue to
Use much thereafter, DR..
master said. In both sexes
Tile systolic pressure when
the heart contracts to pump
out blood, rises slightly UP
to the age of 20 or even rs.
Details Of Study
The level always is higher
In women and In the early
70s the difference is greater
than at any other age. After
this systolic pressure remains
constant among men. but In
women 1t declines slowly for
ten years. and then more
quickly from IS to 05, where
1t reaches its lowest level.
Despite this decline, how
ever, women's levels always
remain higher than those of
men.
The diastolic pressure
when the heart expands for
blood to flow in) is prac-
tically constant after SIS in
both sexes. the study showed.
Won en-. however, show
slightly higher levels than
men. After 10 it falls, reach
ing its lowest level in both
sexes at IS. Women's levels
are highest throughout, but
not enough to be Of practical
significance.
The pulse pressure in all
age groups combined is
greater in women than in
men.
At present, DR.. Master said.
there is nothing to salts
factorily explain the differ
ences in pressure between
men and women. The differ
ences, which begin to appear
about As. continue to the age
of 80, when they come very
close to each other. At that
age also, life expectancy of
the two sexes become sessenti-
ally the same. ets ~
The reason for high blood
pressure being so much less
dangerous rfor women than
for men is an important area
for future research, DR.. Mas
ter points out, since it prob
ably is an important factor
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-18
QUIET, PLEASE!
10 the Edition Of The Stor:

10 the Editor OF Inc Star:
In reply to the recent let
ter to The Star on the sub
ject of "Low-Flying Planes"
signed by Native Washing
tonian." we believe it would
be wise to set the record
straight on the antinoise
procedures followed by air.
craft when taking of from
Washington National Airport
northbound.
This person has an incor-
rect understanding of the
agreed-upon antinoise pro-
cedure in that area. For the
benefit of all Washing
tonians, we are quoting the
agreed-upon procedures for
Washington National Airport
in their entirety as presently
established.
''Northbound Take-Offs
81. Until further notice and
unless otherwise cleared by
Air Traffic Control. all pilots
are requested to follow the
Potomac River to Chain
Bridge after take-off from
Runways 80 and SO. This
bridge is immediately north
west of the Georgetown
tGTN) beacon 1913 kc. Mote
course change OF riDer at
Key Bridge and tolloio Tiuer
to dUoid compldints.l
"Southbound Take-Ofs
"2. Until further notice
and unless otherwise advised
by Air Traffic Control, all
pilots are requested to fol-
low the Potomac River on
south boun d take-offs to
Hunting Greek (on-course Of
the Northwest leg Washing
ton (DCA) radio range 1872
kc0.
"3. Eliminate drag-in APP
proaches.
-. Avoid built-up areas as
much as practicable when in
take-off or climb conflgura-
ton.
IS. Please do not follow the
other guy if he is cutting q
corner. He may not have re-
ceived this bulletin.
IS When following the
river on climb-outs. either
northbound or southbound,
turns may be made short of
Hunting Creek or Chain
Bridge If the aircraft has at
tanned an altitude of $500
feet MSL."
You will note that the
committee permits, in para
graph 6, those aircraft which
have reached a height of
1,500 feet above sea level to
make turns short of Hunting
Greek or Chain Bridge. The
purpose of this instruction is
to bleed-off a considerable
number Of aircraft that have
reached SUFFICIENT height and
to disperse them as early as
possible to avoid large con-
centrations of aircraft over
the entire river route. For
example. when I visited with
the Burleith Citizens Asso-
citation a few weeks ago, only
one aircraft was heard pass
ing over during a two-hour
period. Various allegations
have been made from time to
time that aircraft are operat-
ing in a low or dangerous
manner, and yet not one
case has been substantiated
by competent witnesses.
In connection with noise,
the Civil Aeronautics Ad-