davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Negroes & Whites
Good Neighbors
U. S. Survey Shows
BY Samuel p. PerTY %.

New York (ANP) The fact
that Negroes and whites are al
ready living together in neighbor-
ly harmony throughout the coun-
try refutes the myth that segre-
gated housing Is the Inevitable
pattern" This was the conclusion
here this week revealed in a re-
port filed by the Committee on
Civil Rights in Manhattan.
Indeed, the Committee present
ed at a special meeting at the
New York School Of Social Work
evidences Of successful open oc-
cupancy" in private housing,
gathered from IL cities.
Also the committee had studied
a mixed neighborhood in the
Bronx section Of this metropolitan
area. The result Of the study sub
stantiated the conclusion that
Negroes and whites can live as
good neighbors without flight Of
tenents, property deterioration,
decline Of values or withdrawal Of
mortgage money"
With respect TO the Bronx, a
white residents were interviewed
The committee reported. The
area is one where Negroes and
whites have been living for 30
years. not only without overt frc-
ton but with a substantial
measure Of cooperation and COM
mon community problems"
In fact, many whites have NOV
ed into the neighborhood with the
prior knowledge that Negroes
we're already living in the same
neighborhood. Property values ac-
cording 20 the committee report,
have not dropped.
The committee likewise placed
the onus for the maintenance Of
segregated housing upon real es-
tate interests.
There Is no question" II was
pointed out, but that the real es-
tate industry bears the major re-
spOnsibiity for maintaining the
conditions under which most
housing IL reserved exclusively for
either white people or colored peo-
Pile
The responsibility Is exercised.
for the most part, in a spirit Of
helpless conformity with the way
things are a spirit which lends
itself 10 the perpetuation Of a host
Of shibboleths regarding bi-racisl
residence"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Mrs. Marie Miller Receives
Pleasant Birthduy Surprise

Mrs, Marie Miller, 4037 Fourth
Av, s., was very pleasantly sur
prised on Monday evening, June
II, when her daughter-in-law,
Mrs. Elsie Miller and a friend,
Mrs. Robert Richie gave party
In celebration OF her birthday.
Mrs. Miller was called TO a
neighbors home and while she was
there guests assembled at her
home and when she returned she
was greeted by a group singing
the Happy Birthday song,
She received many lovely gifts
and greeting cards,
Mrs. Miller left Wednesday
morning for Portland, Ore, 20
visit friends and from there she
viii go to Los Angeles, Calf, 10
attend the wedding OF her niece,
Gloria Samuelson, who viii be
married on June 20.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Garden Lovers Club
Plant Flowers A. New
Comp Katharine Persons

The Minneapolis Garden Lovers
Club held a committee meeting
Wednesday at Camp Katharine
Parsons, new campsite OF Phyllis
wheatley Settlement House.
Following the business transac-
ton, the group helped to beauufy
the main lodge by planting
flowers around three sides OF the
building. Geraniums, petunias and
other ANIMALS were included
Members present were Mrs,
Henry Thomas, chairman and the
Mines. RUFUS Webster, A. h. Cas-
sius, Andrew Clark Sr,, Earl
Sims, Mae Marshall and Spencer
Shivers.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

Warren, o, Paternal grandpar-
ents are Mr.. and Mrs. Luther 7.
Prince OF Cleburne, Tex. Sharing
in the pride and Joy Of a new
grandson are the maternal grand
parents and the paternal grand
mother who came 10 the city for
the special occasion,
Dinner Hostesses; Mrs. Viola
Madden and Mrs Josephine
Brown OF 1887 FIFTH Av s., were
co-hostesses at dinner In obser-
vance of Fathers Day on Sunday
June 10 Guests were Mr., and
Mrs. Dan McAdams, Mrs Allie
Wilson, Henry Lewis and J. Ho-
ward, Each gentleman was pre-
scented with a Fathers Day GIFT
from the hostesses.
Visited In Denveri Mrs VIII
liam f. Gray. 5242 Humboldt Av.
N, and her uncle, j. O. NSpue OF
5iS9 Humboldt Az. NJ, spent a
few days in Denver, Colo, and
were guests OF Mr., Napue's cou.
sin and wife, MIR, and Mrs. Or
lando Napue, 1t was a happy oc-
castor for Mr.. j, o, Napue as II
was the first time he had seen his
| cousin,
Wedding Bells; Mr.. and Mrs
Levi Brady of KirlSwood, Mo,
have issued invitations for tho
wedding OF their daughter, Vir'
ginia Anna to Mr.. Carl b. Russell
son OF Mr.. and Mrs, Harlan T
Russell Of 50i9 James Av N
Minneapolis The wedding Is an
event OF Sunday June 20 at $50
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

p, m, at the olive Chapel AAfE
church, K1rkwood. A reception
win follow at the nome OF the
brides parents. ass New York St.
KirlSwood. Miss Brady, a grad
uate Of the University OF Mime
sofa where ahe received her
bachelor OF science degree In
music. Is a teacher in the Spring
Valley MINI, school system.
Ia schema Club Entertalnsi
Saturday, June 10, was the date
the La Schema club chose to hold
its first social event which was q
square dance party. The colorfll
affair was held In the home OF
Mrs, Clarissa Rogers, sTi2 Sec
ond Az. s., where members and
guests came in square dance at
tire, After games and square
dancing, refreshments and lunch
were enjoyed by guests and the
eleven members present, The next
meeting OF the club will be July
i5, at the home OF Mrs. Gladys
Turner, 401s Third Az. s.
Anniversary Greetings: Greet
ings to Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel Lott
OF 1880 Bryant Av, NJ, who will
observe their tenth wedding amt
versary today June 2tst
Undergoes Surgery; Mrs. Clyde
johnson sr., 1885 Fifth Av. s.,
entered Fairview hospital ON
Tuesday evening, June IS and UNI
derwent surgery on Wednesday
morning, June 10 Her condition
Is reported favorable
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

"A modern Republican is one
who acts like he was just born
yesterday and is afraid he can't
last through tomorrow" - Sen.
Robert Kerr, of Oklahoma, OBJ
viously a Democrat.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
NORTH STAR N.A.P.E.
WILL SPONSOR TWO
AT SUMMER CAMP

North Star Branch Of the Ma
tional Alliance Of Postal En-
ployees will send two deserving
boys to some camp this summer.
Applicants who live in Minneapo-
lis phone or write Mr.. Wendell
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21


Credjafawn Social Club Tour:
The Credjafawn Social club for
their meeting on Wednesday eve
ming June 10, made a tour Of the
st. Paul sewer disposal plant To-
Gated on Warner Road. The group
met at 1880 at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. Leroy Lazenberry, 3S5
N. Chatsworth and made the tour
in a body, which proved to be a
most interesting experience.
Cleveland Visitors; Mrs. Bessie
Wright, and niece, Mrs. Rosa L.
Robinson of Cleveland, O., arrived
by Capital Airlines Saturday
morning, June Is, to visit Mrs.
Wright's sister, Mrs. Mona Lomax
of $50 ST. Anthony Av. The ar
rival of her sister and niece was a
happy and momentous occasion
for both Mrs. Wright and her sis
ter as 1t was the first time they
had seen each other in IS years.
Their first visit to the Twin
Cities, the visitors are greatly i'm
pressed with the beauty Of the
twin towns.
Guild Hostess: Mrs. Jane Pres
ton, 2145 Lakeview, White Bear
Lake, will be hostess to the st.
Paul Urban League Guild on
Monday evening, June "a.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

PINEAPPLE TAPIOCA
l egg white
2 tablespoons sugar
l egg yolk
3 cups milk
3 tablespoons quick
cooking tapioca
teaspoon salt
u cup sugar
Il teaspoon vanilla
l cup (9-ounce CAM
crushed pineapple
and juice
u cup chopped nuts
(optionaD
'Or use / cup (8s4,
ounce CAM pineapple It'd
bits and juice.
Beat egg white unit
foamy. Add ? tablespoons
sugar and continue beat
ing with egg beaten unit
meringue stands in Sof
peaks. Set aside.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Social and Personal
4 MINNEAPOLIS

New Son; Linda Prince two old daughter of Mr. and
Mrs Luther T. Prince Jr welcomed brother and play
her home 444l Fifth s Her parents presented
her with the brother Tuesday June IL at University
hospital The has been named Luther Torrance Ill
Maternal grandparents Mr. and Mrs p A. Bergman Of
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Social and Personal
4 ST. PAUL

Visiting Sister: Vaeationing in Portland. Ore is Mrs
rrhene Allen Bonner of 93 Igehart Av who left Saturday
morning June l5 for weeks visit with her sister Miss
Mareheta Allen Miss Allen is speech theraps in the Adult
and crippled Chdens division of the University Of Oregon
Medical School Mrs Bonner teacher St Paul school
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

Department Highways Ramsey
accidents persons We certainly
proud the highways and at resort spots
but do be careful!
QUOTING; When DR. Mordeca Johnson president Of
Howard University Washington honorary
upon Rev King Montgomery Ala week the
citation read. in part:
~YoU HAVE PEOPLE victorious pathway
life shown them how mobilize
the fullest powers
without violence and wttho
blessing to the Negro people
to OF leadership given
suffer oppression all over the former slave
humiliation all the world
Ameni
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21
Quick Cooking-CooI Eating

ELUFFE-LIGHT COULD VERY WELL BE the middle name
given to this Pineapple Tapioca" Youu to serve
often throughout these months when
diherent-are in demand.
What's more-made with milk eggs and Minute Tapioca
it's nouriShing and easy o digest
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

J Day
Floyd
ather's
at Pill
n J. P
prayer
Senior
lls.
visitors
Cora
sed by
kind
ng her
be ser
|eir in
to fill
them.
zen by
recent
b Uni
at the
|eld at
ED its
Dr.
| a. m.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1957-06-21

n chose
Whose
Music
Gospel
ar and
Carlisle,
Rebecca
lliaIns
IN was
service
lip club.
|ticipat-
~ UFAEA
father
Is, the
PIX, and
largest
Lyle.
years
|esented
of this
;" John
e serv-
be pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

concerning arrests in a group Of cities dur
ing 1888, Of every 100000 persons in our
urban population Is were arrested for sex
crimes - excluding prostitution. In 1854,
the rate Of these arrests rose to 81 per
100000 persons, and in 1855, it went up to
81 arrests per 100. 1000 inhabitants.
On the basis Of offenSes known to police,
a study Of 353 American cities reveals that
rapes have increased lOl per cent since
1899. Law authorities know, too, that
probably less than half Of these cases are
reported to police. In many cases the VIC
tins, afraid Of embarrassing publicity. are
silent and thousands Of dangerous sex Grim
inaIS remain at large.
l believe pornography is a major cause
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

Of sex violence. ! believe that It we
can eliminate the distribution Of such
items among impressionable school,
age children we shall greatly reduce
our Frightening sex crime rate.
As law officer l have no doubt in
my mind that the most sensible and
most effective place to attack is
through those who produce and dis
tribute pornography. Yet it is not
easy to stop the peddler. 1t IS ap-
paIling that m entire community can
work itself into hySteTia Of outrage
against the sex criminal himself, yet
tend to regard the man who helped
trigger the criminal Is only . con-
temptible human being, better ig-
nOred than punished.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

Even more distressing is evidence recently brought
light by Senate investigations that large numbers of
young people being ured into acting pushers,"
and even manufacturers Of this material In respect
able country-like community New York City
group Of eenaeers recently arrested for such actv
tiles. They included girl and boy who posed for
crudeIy eroc photographs, lS-year-Od friend who
took the pictures and three other youths Of whom the
Oldest was H.
Few thorough scientific inquiries have been made into
the that turn apparently normal youths into
sexually perverted criminals. For many years
reputable psychatrsts have been engaged in scholarly
debate over whether exposure to pomography is an
original cause Of sex crime merely accompanying
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

dren's minds is as clearly a sexual offender
as the man who molests child's body.
Most Of these men are very shrewd. They
know how to appeal to youngsters. The
dealer may operate from behind the front
of a legitimate business; or he may be
peddler who fills up his car and parks few
blocks away from some large school. park
or athletic field. As group Of boys or
girls go by, he hands them out few tempt
ing presents. Word spreads quickly and
diScreetIy. When he cruises by the follow
ing day, another and larger group is waiting
for him. He makes his sales, taking in as
much as 500. and moves on to his next
appointment. A clever operator in the
right territory can gross several hundred
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

Investigating agents discovered that the sender
I6-year-old high school boy with an admitted addic
ton to reading suggestive literature.
A 42-year-Od scientist, arrested in the Midwest on
charges Of taking indecent liberties with
girl, was found to have an impressive collection Of
pornography in his home.
Sex crimes the rise. According to study made
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

symptom. They ask. Docs II serve
only to trigger an already viOlent.
dangerous mind? Or can repeated
doses in formative years corrupt nor
NAL mental and emotional GROWTH"
Isay that we can no longer afford
to wait for the answer! What we do
know is that in an Overwhelmingly
large number Of cases sex crime is
associated with pornography. We
know that sex criminals read it. are
clearly influenced by it.
In a recent FBI case housewife re-
ceived constant telephone calls from
an individual who made obscene and
suggestive remarks. Then she received
a letter containing drawings and
threats Of bodily harm and assault.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

Even when convicted the peddIer often receives only
the dest tap on the wrist! Several years ago young
man was arrested for removing bathing suits from small
children so that he could photograph them Last year
ne was again arrested - this time by the FBI = and
convicted Of sending package Of obscene pictures from
one state to another His years probation
It seems me that the peddIer who assaults our chill
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

full Of loopholeS. The police cannot
fight the battle without the support
of the entire public.
The peddler will be halted and his
merchandise disappear only if an
aroused public now goes on the
alert. To all parents, teachers and
others concerned with the healthy
growth Of our children. l would rec
ommend a three-point program for
personal and community action:
I. <eep year eyes open. If you find
obscene material offered for sale in
your - Continued on page rs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

Federal law officers are now armed with Congress
sona authority which gives power investigate the
pedder who state lines. The result has been to
keep many peddlers within their home states, where
Federal agents HELPLESS except for being able to tip
of local authorities Unfortunately local laws often
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

dollars per day. You can well imagine that they al
only slightly dismayed by the SIS to $50 fine they al
assessed every few years!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-25

CRIMINAL AND VICTIMS: PsddIer parks
close 70 school, sells Indecent books
and pictures 20 kids, moves on ahead Of poles
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25

the year, and remember that
they flower much better if
grass is not allowed around
them. Set your clematis
plants so that the crown is
just two and one half inches
below the soil.
Ii you are going to plant
morning glories, one new one
is Tinkerbells p e ticoa t.
This promises to be a beauti-
full mixture of rose, blue and
white. Others are Pearly
Gates, a heavenly blue.
Nick the seed and they will
terminate quickly. Plan t
these in very poor soil. Rich
soil will tend to give you more
leaves and few, or no flowers.
Dust or spray your roses
every ten days. The new
dusts are very fine and will
spread all over the plants on
a quiet day when no wind is
blowing.
1t is time to be thinking of
winter decorations. Plant the
various everlastings, includ-
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25
burIe|| Hospital

Continued from page two)
NEWBORN: Ellis and Eliz-
abeth Akers, (M) 5-14-57 f;
Herbert and Martha Otey,
CD 5-16-57; James and Helen
Hardy, CD 5-16-57; Eugene
and Shirley Whorley, (M) g.
1857; David and Shelby
Brown, (M) 5-17-57; Robert
and Barbara Preston, (F) B.
1857; George and Mary
Jones, CD 5-17-57; James
and Oracle Wade, (M) 5-18-
81; Howard and Mary Ann
Beaver, (F) 5-20-57.
DISCHARGES: Mr.. Wal
lace Harris, Mrs. Eunice Hop
per and baby boy, Mrs. Sadie
Stevens, Mrs. Mary E. Pettus,
Mrs. Ruth Warren, Mr.. John
Galloway, Mrs. Arnisia An
thony, Mrs. Alma Hamlet,
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25

Mrs. Elizabeth Trent and
baby girl, Mrs. Cordie Miller,
Mrs. Cordelia Boland, Miss
Gladys Harris, Little Naomi
Randolph, Mr.. David Lame,
Mrs. Patricia Cooper, Mrs,
l. ucille Anderson, Mrs,
Meade and baby girl, Mrs,
Christine Shepherd, Mr.. Ed
ward Johnson, Mrs. Lucy
K. Mitchell, Miss Jean d.
Crutchfield, little seph
Franklin, little Judith Ann
Keeling, little Barbara Burn
EFT, Mrs. Cordie Cousser, lit
tie Norma Lee Fletcher, lit
tie Franklin Daniels, Mrs.
Ellen Price, Mrs. Daisy Hair
ston, Mr.. Henry Carter, Mrs.
James Bryant, Mrs. Edith
Robinson, Miss Shirley Long,
Mr.. Charles Galloway, Mrs.
Elizabeth Akers and baby
boy, Mrs. Mary Bundick,
Mrs. Helen Hardy and baby
girl.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25
V. b. HOllOman

Manager of the Roanoke So
cial Security Office
A few weeks ago a man
telephoned our office to tell
rs that he was disabled. He
asked how much social securl-
ty credit he needed to nave
before his earnings record
could be frozen. To have
his earnings record frozen"
he must have had five years
work in the 10 years before
the beginning date OF his
disability and 112 years IN
the three years before that
date. He assured us that ne
could meet those require
ments.
But" he explained, 81 am
now in my early forties. l
know [ can't get disability
payments until I'm SO. And
| also know that you people
are busy taking claims for
disability benefits to start
this July, so I'll just wait un-
til after mid-year to come IN.
Well, fortunately, we were alb
lie to catch him before ne hung
up. After mid-year would
have been too late III this
mans case. His disability be-
gan before the beginning OF
1866. Had he waited until
after June of this year to
IF r e u e" his record, the
freeze could have gone back
for just one year. In that
case he could not have met
the work requirements of the
law. He had not worked since
his disability began in 1854 /;
consequently, he would not
have had the required ~
years of work in the three
years before the beginning
date" of his disability.
Had this man delayed freez-
ing his earnings record he
would not have been eligible
for disability payments at
age so. Moreover, it is highly
possible that he would have
lost his benefit rights entire.
ly. Thus, even if you are now
under so, if you have been
disabled for six months or
more and your disability is
expected to continue indefi-
nftely, it will be to your adj
vantage to have your social
security earnings record fro
zen.
Uuless your earnings rec
ord is frozen, the period while
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25
GOLDEN HARVEST
GARDEN CLUB

Golden Harvest Garden Club
held its home flower show at
the home of its president,
Mrs. Annabelle Atkins OF
Fairfax Ave-, NV. Seasonal
flower shows among its mem
bers is a part of the roster of
activities for the Golden Har-
vest Club. This was the spring
show. The club has a mem
bership of 20, and 80 entries
were made in the show.
The m e m b ers receiving
awards were:
Mrs. Annabelle Atkins, 8
blue, 2 reds, 1 yellow, 2 hon
orable mentions; Mrs. Mary
Jeffries, l blue, 2 red, 2 yell
Continued to page four)
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25
# You Become Disabled

you are disabled and have lit
tie or no earnings will count
against you when the time
comes to apply for disability,
old age or survivors insur-
ance payments on your ac-
count.
In deciding whether to APP
ply for the disability free
ze' if you are under SO or
for disability if you have pass
ed so, it is well to bear GER
tain facts in mind. The evil
dence in your case will show
when you actually became
disabled. If you met both
the work and disability re-
quirements at that time, the
date you became disabled
will be used by the Social Sc
curity Administration as the
official beginning date" OF
your disability. If you did
not meet all the requirements
at the time you became dis
abled but do meet them at a
later date, this later date will
be established as the official
beginning dtae of your dis
ability.
Now, let me summarize the
important dates for a person
now totally disabled:
July 30, 1857 is the latest
July, 1857 is the first
month for which disability
benefits can be paid to total
ly disabled persons now be-
tween the ages of so and 65.
date on which the beginning
of a period of disability can
be established as being earl
Ter than June 1856.
An application for disabili-
ty insurance payments made
after December 1857 will not
entitle the applicant to pay
ments for any month earlier
than the date Of his appli-
cation. IA
When a person applies fol
disability benefits or the dis
ability freeze, the law re.
quires us to refer his name tt
the State Vocational Rehabi-
litation Agency. III discuss
this requirement in the next
article of this series.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25

Daffodil foliage, like that Of
any other spring bulbs, should
not, be removed until they
have turned yellow. Keep the
faded flowers picked from the
pansies to encourage bloom
ing.
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25
HORTICULTURE
NOTES FOR MAY

BY Mrs. Carrie Galloway
Use lime freely around
your lilac and clematis, Work
it In the soil, even if they
have finished blooming for
The Tribune. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1951-19??, 1957-05-25

ing Gomphrena, commonly
known as Globe Amaranth,
which resembles clover bios
SONS. They can be cut, dried
and still retain their beauty.
Evening star., 1957-08-31
VIII SANH 4
OPEN ga

Attention, .NsA homeseekers -
brick rambler. 5000 Joslyn pi.: 3
yrs. old. immac., 3 bedrms.. sep
arate din. rm., kit, . baths, ga
rage. ser porch. full bsmt.
Colonial brick and frame. 63I7
Jason St. 3h yrs. old. 3 bedrms..
liv. rm.. din, rm.. kit. breakfast
nook lge. scr porch.
schools NJ. PAUL HANNAH. Real
tor. NE R-410O Call Mr.. Shee-
han. AP. 7-RO14
Evening star., 1957-08-31
AVONDALE AREA
NEW CUSTOM-BUI
RRICK HOME

OPEN SAT. SUN, MON. 1914
. ana 4 bedrooms. 2 baths, base.
board h.-w. heat: various other
plans to choose from. or will build
according to your plans Prices
from S22,250 Convenient location.
Queens Chapel rd and 22nS ave
BdkE CONSTRUCTION CO.
WA. 1-A7Ni JE a-2a3A