davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
Some Facts About the WhirIybird,'
The Presidents New Aerial Limousine

burg farm in less than an hour.
It will not be necessary TO go to the
airport, change to his twin-engine
plane, wait for flight clearance, and
f1y the pattern and altitude speci-
fed by Air Traffic Control. The
helicopter will pick him up at the
White House and let him out on the
lawn in front Of his Gettysburg
home.
Larger twin-rotor craft travel
much faster. but they require more
space in which to land and takeoff
and are very costly.
The helicopter is cosy 10 Fly. Any
one con do il otter a couple Of
hours instruction.
Wrong. The helicopter is a COM
pick machine. and to master 1t re-
quires intensive training. While the
manufacturers are working on sim
plified control systems. the craft
in use demands highly competent
pilots and to remain proficient. a
pilot must spend a good bit Of his
time flying helicopters.
1t may be assumed that the Pres
ident's pilots will be outstanding
helicopter pilots; men recognized
by their fellow pilots as being tops
in their field. An interesting side
light is the disappointment felt
among supporters Of Army aviation
when the Air Force was selected to
maintain and ny the Presidents
helicopters. The Army pioneered in
the helicopter field and gained vast
experience in Korea. It now oper-
ates more than 200 copters like the
ones purchased for the President.
Army pilots have logged many thou.
sands Of helicopter hours in excess
Of those logged by Air Force pilots.
Within a few yeor q heIicopter
will take the ploce Of O fomily
cor.
This Is doubtful. Even If mass
production reduced the cost to the
point where the average family
could afford one. the traffic prob
lens probably would be insurmount-
able. There is just not enough air
space to accommodate the machines
that would be in use. and the area
required for rotar clearance Is suf-
flcient to drive the most optimistic
parking expert to distraction. One
needs only to creep bumper to bump
er along Shirley highway and across
the Fourteenth Street Bridge at
am. on a Monday to visualize the
carnage that would result from q
similar helicopter parade.
It seems likely that helicopter
transportation in suburban and ur-
ban areas will be limited TO mass
transit systems. and these under the
strictest control.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
By HOWARD E. HAuGERuD

Some day soon President Eisen-
hover viii leave the White House.
walk across short stretch of lawn
and step into one Of his two new
helicopters for a quick trip to the
National Airport or his Gettysburg
farm.
On that day the "whirlybird."
youngest member of the aircraft
family. will take long step toward
acceptance as q standard means Of
Transportation.
With convenience comparable to
that Of a chartered automobile. the
helicopter will take the President
to his destination quicker and more
safely than a car woodland on the
way he will have a panoramic view
Of the city denied to the ground
traveller.
For the layman who would like
10 know a bit more about this
revolutionary mode Of transporta-
ton, here are the facts on some of
the comments most frequently heard
about helicopters:
A helieopter hos only one engine.
u thot gives out. you've had it.
The part about the one engine is
true, at least in the type Of helicop-
ter that has been purchased for
the President. The second part Is
not true. Consider: Mr.. Eisen-
hower's helicopter has taken of
from the White House grounds and
Is at 800 feet. cruising toward Ma
tional Airport. The President Is
admiring the view of the Potomac
river. The pilot is asking the tower
at National for landing instruc-
tons.
Suddenly, the engine begins to
lose power. The pilot takes pres
cribed emergency action. but the
engine does not respond. The en-
CINE sputters to a stop.
Will the machine fall out Of
the sky" killing its occupants? No
indeed. It will come down. but in
all likelihood it will land safely
and without damage to itself or
injury to its passengers.
The failure of the engine has
caused an automatic control to dis
engage the shaft that drives the
rotor. and the rotor is now free to
windmill. AS the helicopter des-
cends, air striking the rotor blades
continues to turn them and as they
revolve they create lift and slow
the downward movement Of the
helicopter. The pilot regulates the
revolutions per minute Of the rotor
BY increasing or decreasing the
pitch or angle at which the blades
meet the air.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
Chaotic Haiti:
Now SHOOTING

The West Indian Negro Republic
Of Haiti. in turmoil since last De.
cember when President Paul Mag
loire lost an attempt to prolong his
term. erupted into shooting violence
yesterday.
The army. up to now the only
stable element in the chaotic situa-
ton. was reported split in factions
by the attempt Of Col. Pierre Ar
mand. national chief Of police. to
Dust Brig. Gen. Leon Cantave from
his post as chief Of staff. The coup
failed, Gen. Cantave took refuge in
the Dessalines barracks in Port au
Prince, and the shooting began.
Last week Gen. Cantave. who dis
avows personal political ambitions.
abolished the emergency Executive
Council. composed in theory Of the
ten candidates for president in the
forthcoming elections. The council.
Gen. Cantave charged. had come
under the domination Of candidates
Louis Dejoie and Daniel Fignole.
A general strike promptly paralyzed
the capital and other towns.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

with an impact greater than the
H-bomb."
Mr.. Stassen departs for London
today. but the talks in high adj
ministration circles continued
through yesterday. The Presidents
ofiicial family was reported to be
at odds on the length Of the steps
to be taken at London. with ADJ
miral Radford. Lewis L. Strauss.
chairman Of the Atomic Energy
Commission, and Defense Secretary
Charles E. Wilson pressing for a
"go-slow' approach. Secretary Dull
les, according to Senators present
at q special closed-door session Of
the Senate Disarmament Subcom-
mittee Thursday. said there were
risks in proceeding. and risks in
not proceeding.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

1t undoubtedly would not. Some
State constitutions. for example, do
not permit title to facilities used
for public schools to be In the
hands Of any owner but a govern
mental agency.
However. legislation sometimes
can solve the problem. In Wiscon-
sin recently the State supreme
court declared school-lease plan
invalid. Subsequent legislation
smoothed the legal wrinkles.
Third, will financiers be willing
to get involved without government
insurance to minimize the risks of
having the school community's tax
base depleted. impaired or with
drawn?
On this point there appears to
be difference Of opinion. Some
think it is unnecessary or unde-
sirable. Others. however. think that
a kind Of Federal insurance, SIM
liar to the guarantee provided on
FILA or VA loans, will be needed
to induce private lessor corpora
tionS to put up the money. The
idea is to guard against recession,
in which case tax revenues to sup
port lease payments might dwin-
die, and to guard against political
changes which might find a school
board reluctant to continue ar
rangements made by its predeces-
sor.
1t is reported that a delegation
Of interested businessmen will be
meeting with members Of Congress
in the weeks ahead to draft legis-
lation that would authorize Fed.
eral insurance for such purposes.
Among those who feel that q
Federal insurance plan is needed.
there seems to be a companion be-
lief that If it can be obtained In.
diana's plan might well go over
on q national scale.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

time. nominal penalties attaching
only during the first 10 years of
the lease If the purchase takes
place then.
Four other States-Maine, Penn
sylvania, Georgia and Wisconsin,
are also authorized to make use of
the lease-purchas principle. But
none Of them has advanced to the
stage set by Indiana and. appar-
entity. no other State has ventured
into this kind of financing.
New Styles in Schools
A critical element in the success
Of the Indiana plan is the develop
ment of more economical. more
flexible schools. In this respect,
parallel endeavors by two of the
Nations industrial giants, Republic
Steel and United States Steel. are
held highly significant.
During the past few years the
steel companies have been working
with designers to create flexible
prefabricated "components" which
will permit quality construction of
the cheaper schools desired.
Republic has developed a pattern
based structurally on three. six and
nine-foot component modules";
it is q flexible scheme, and it per-
mits q choice Of different building
materials such as tile, brick, con-
crete block and porcelain panel to
suit the needs and financial limita-
tons Of the builder. A u. S. Steel
system IL based on all-steel room
units: 1t emphasizes more rapid
construction and is somewhat
cheaper to build.
Republic is completing the first
Of its "modular" schools at Hy-
mera, Ind. u. 8. Steel has finished
two. one at Gary and the other q
parochial school at Emmitsburg.
Md.
In both systems costs range be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
Reds Aren't the Only Cause of Mideost Demonstrations

YOU ask why I often participate
in student demonstrations . You
have visited with us in Palestine
and you can see the kind Of life
we lead now. Doesn't that answer
part Of your question:"
asked: do you suppose you are
making the solution Of your prob
lem the more easier when you
participate in street demonstra-
tions?"
mo. Demonstrations won't solve
my problem. But they give me the
satisfaction Of avenging myself
against the 'imperialists' who were
instrumental in the loss of my home
and country and the breaking Of my
parents hearts"
Don't you realize that some OF
these demonstrations benefit only
the Communists"
No sympathy for Reds
II am happy you raised this ques-
tion." he said, for there Is one
thing / would like to make clear:
I am not a Communist and have
no sympathy with the doctrines of
communism. But the Soviet Union
Ia supporting the Arab nationalist
cause. OF course, / know they are
not doing II because OF any love
lost for us. Nonetheless. they
are supporting US against those
elements In our society which I.
and thousands OF others like me,
consider the enemies of the peo-
pie. They are against the feudal
lords. whom your Western democ-
racies support. Now when I find
England and France teaming with
Israel against Egypt; when l
see illiterate sheiks racing in
their Cadillacs; when. in short,
md the western powers sup
porting those who are pre-
venting the establishment OF
those democratic institutions I first
learned about from American pro-
fessors at the American University
Of Beirut. how do you expect me to
react? What do you expect us to
tell the Communists? Shall we tell
them we don't want your support
Of our national aspirations and then
turn to the Western democracies
and tell them thank you for up
holding the enemies Of free demo-
cratic institutional"
Those interviews are typical Of
others and are indicative Of the
trend Of thinking among the better
educated Arabs who, sooner or
later. are destined 10 assume power
In their countries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

b. A. degree with honors from
the A. u. B. One cannot but be
impressed with SAINTS personality,
intelligence and driving ambition.
But Sami is depressed and de-
spondent. For three years he has
been trying to come TO the United
States for further education. but
the American Consul refuses him a
visa. / invited Sami TO q cup Of
coffee at Uncle Sans snack bar
located opposite the A. u. B. main
gate. The following conversation
ensued:
Il understand you have been
trying TO 20 to the United States
for further study"
Eyes. but, so far. I have been
unable to get q VISA"
"Why?"
"They tell me I am under in
vestigation. For three years now.
/ have been under investigation
but no decision has been taken
yet"
what are they investigating
you for2"
IAN that can derive u that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
French Politics:
Still Tangled

In Paris last week. President
Rene Coty called on the veteran
former Premier Rene Pleven to sort
out the targled threads Of French
politics. Mr. Pleven's job will be
that Of negotiator and compro-
miser; he is not expected to at
tempt to form a cabinet himself.
There were no indications that
an accord between the warning
parties and factions was in sight.
Policies and viewpoints are poles
apart on how best to contend with
the serious problems besetting
France.
II Mr.. Pleven is somehow able
to bring q little order out Of the
present political chaos, many OBJ
servers saw a strong possibility that
Mr.. Mollet. now functioning as q
caretaker premier. may succeed In
forming a new cabinet himself. His
Socialist Party is the strongest in
France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

during my senior year at college /
participated in q student demon
stration. I understand that pic
lures were taken of the demon
strators and mine Is among them"
How many students participated
in that demonstrations"
AT least 80 per cent Of the stu
dent body Of the university"
What was the demonstration
held for?"
1T was in support OF the then
exiled Sultan Of Morocco who
IL now back on his throne with
the blessing Of the United States"
do you believe you are being
denied a visa because you marched
In that demonstration"
II feel certain"
"Why?"
'communist-lnspired'
Because 1t was branded by the
government as Communist In
spired.'
Did the Communists have any
thing to do with it?"
They might have sanctioned It
as they sanction every movement
which is apt TO stir trouble. But ]
am certain they had nothing to
do with inspiring or organizing II.
As a matter Of fact ] know that 1t
was organized by the Students
Council representing the various
colleges of Beirut. II was a
manifestation Of the nationalist
feelings with our fellow Arabs in
Morocco"
What are your plans now II
you don't get a visa to go 10 the
United States?"
1T is hard for me 10 think Of
any plans. Having studied at an
American institution 1t Is only
logical to continue my studies in
the States I guess I shall hold
to my present job which is not
exactly a fulfilment of my hopes
when / joined the A. u. b. But one
thing is certain. l shall never for
give those who have frustrated my
efforts for q higher education and
a better life"
The other interview was with
Ali Salem, an engineering student
at the A. u. B. Before the Arab
Israeli war, Ais father was
prosperous merchant at Haifa. I
interviewed him in his three-room
apartment, where he lived with his
parents and three sisters, q far cry
from the beautiful villa on Mount
Carmel where ] visited with him
nine years ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

the Army Avotion Associations exeeu-
tive board.
The rate Of descent is too fast to
be continued to the ground. and the
machine is now over small grassy
area near the river that the pilot
has selected for an emergency
landing. AS the copter nears the
ground. the pilot increases the
pitch Of the blades. and a great
blast of air is directed downward.
This creates a cushion Of air as
it strikes the ground and is de-
fiected back to the rotor blades.
The machine settles slowly
through this cushion. and the
President lands as smoothly as II
his helicopter we're under full
power.
A safe forced landing assumes
that the helicopter has SUFFICIENT
altitude to enable the pilot to
maneuver it into an area large
enough so that the rotor blades
have clearance. An attempted land
ing on q street where wires or
cables may interfere with the
rotor could be disastrous.
Structural failure in the rotor
assembly would present a much
more serious problem than engine
failure. In structural failure. there
is the danger that the resulting i'm
balance will shake the assembly
TO pieces, causing the pilot TO lose
all control. This happens very
rarely, but when 1t does the chance
Of any occupant surviving is slight.
A parachute is seldom Of use in
such circumstances, since the dis
abled craft plunges to the ground
instead Of gliding downward as
winged craft usually does.
The Bell model that the President
will use has an excellent safety
record. His helicopters will be main.
tanned, of course, by the best hell
copter mechanics in the Air Force.
Rigid inspections will be made be-
fore and after each fight. augment
ing the regular periodic inspections.
Thus. the chance Of structural fall
ure will be extremely remote.
The heIicopter is all right, but il is
much too slow.
Again. only partly correct. For
long flights such as the President
makes in the Columbine. the hell
copter Is not practical. but for dis
; tances up to a hundred miles it
is ideal. The helicopter purchased
for the President cruises at about
IS miles per hour. 50 he can travel
from the White House TO his Gettys.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
Continued From Page AS

Continued From Page Asa
United States proposal in London
will be were not spelled out yester-
day. But the National Security
Council met in the White House
Thursday to discuss them. and the
very general outlines of the coun-
ellis approach were disclosed later.
The first step" apparently will in
elude the surrender by the United
States. the Soviet Union and other
military powers Of a small per-
eentage" Of arms, to be delivered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26
port comes from illiterate Bedouin
tribesmen,
Why Anti-Western'

port comes from illiterate Bedouin
tribesmen.
Why Anh-Westernl
Why should the crop Of Ameri-
can-educated groups be anti-West-
ern and anti-American? Why are
these young men. whose knowledge
Of American democracy runs all the
way from the Declaration Of 1nde-
pendence to the Eisenhower doc
trine for the Middle East, indirectly
helping the Communist cause by
stirring tension and unrest In the
form Of street demonstrations?
Seeking answers 10 this and other
related questions, this writer on a
recent trip TO the Middle East, in
terviewed students and alumni of
the American University Of Beirut
who are known TO have organized
and participated in street demon
STATIONS described as Communist
inspired" The following two inter-
views are representative:
Sami Khalil mot his real name)
Is q Syrian Christian from Aleppo.
Three years ago he received his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-26

NJ. Heuserud is a pilot in the Minnesota
Notionel Guord and vice president OF
the Army Aviotion Associations exeeu-
tive board.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-19
Silver Spring Boy
Beots IS to Win
1857 Spelling Bee

Richard Lucas, q Silver Spring
seventh grader, last night out
spelled IS opponents in four
gruelling hours to emerge cham
pion Of the 1857 Greater WASH
ington Spelling Bee.
The 12-year-old son Of Mr.
and Mrs. Lawrence Lucas, 8908
Sudbury road. won after 12-
year-old Betty Morgan Of st.
Thomas School. tripped over
"interregnum."
Richard went on to win the
bee at the Commerce Depart
ment Auditorium by correctly
spelling "pomegranate."
Richard was awarded q 500
U. s. Savings Bond. q set Of the
Encyclopedia Britannica and a
film Q month for his school from
the Britannica's educational Aim
library.
He attends st. Bernadette's
School.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-19

Washington judges will be
guests Of the District Bar Asso-
citation at its annual outing
June 3 at Manor Country Club,
Norbeck. Md.
The event viii include golf,
softball and tennis competitions,
swimming. entertainment and a
buffet supper. Profits will go to
the associations free legal as
sistance program. maintained in
Municipal Court.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-19

increased standards proposed
Is to increase the total value Of
the new city and conserve the
residual value Of the old one.
Trends indicate a moderate
growth in population and EN-.
ployment. A greater area sci
aside for heavy commercial anc
manufacturing combined, and 9
more efiicient central business
district would help the District
to keep its share of regional
employment.
@. Would its proposed reduc-
Itions In density and increase In
parking requirements aid in re-
development Of the city; or would
they encourage retention of exist.
ing structures by making rede.
velopment excessively costly?
A. Standards in density anc
ofistreet parking are no higher
than present good practice with
IN the District and redevelop-
ment Is therefore not made Tex
cesSively costly" Sound existing
structures could be retained Il
their neighborhoods are pro-
tected as proposed coming could
do.
Discourage "Flight TO Suburbs
@. Would 1t encourage or dis.
courage the flight to the SUBJ
urbs" by District residents, bust.
nesses and Federal agencies?
A. The proposed coming would
discourage flight to suburbs by
providing better local environ
ment.
Q. Does the. proposed plan
go beyond the problems that
should be properly resolved by
coming?
A. No. All general types of
controls proposed have become
accepted practice in recent city
re1onlng.
Building Densities
Q. Should parking in the GEN.
trial business district be handled
as at present. largely by inde-
pendent commercial facilities:
or should coming require
that developers Of downtown
business properties provide off,
street parking for their patrons?
A. Downtown parking under
proposed regulations will still
have to be handled largely by
independent commercial facili-
ties. as the provisions for retail
stores are only q fraction Of re-
CURED needs, and provisions for
new ONCE buildings would pro-
vide only for employees and not
for visitors. The present system
has proven inadequate and sew
eral new ONCE buildings have
voluntarily provided space COM
parable to proposed require
ments.
@. The Lewis plan has pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-19

posed drastic reductions in per-
mitted densities Of land use
throughout the District. Are
present permitted densities too
great? Are consultant's densi-
ties too restrictive?
A. Permitted densities are ex-
|cessive. Proposed densities are
reasonable for the national Cap
Iital.
@. Is the proposed density
control too high or too low for
Office buildings2
A. A reasonable compromise.
@. II 1t is the consensus Of
opinion that the growth of the
central business district should
be retarded. who should carry
the increased burden Of taxa
ton?
A. Growth need not be re-
tarded, but the peak concen-
trations held down so as to
spread development more evenly
over the downtown area and re-
duce heavy concentrations Of
traffic.
Increased Revenue Seen
@. Do the proposals tend to
decrease future tax base?
A. No. The increased revenues
from better buildings and from
more stable values PRESIDENTIAL
and business) will more than
make up for some decreases in
inflated land values.
Q. Will the proposed regula-
tons restrict the financing and
construction Of new apartments?
A. No. As new buildings win
become less speculative under
the stability resulting from the
proposed coming. financing Of
new apartments should be ia
Icilitated.
Repair Provisions
@. Is sufiicient protection CIV
en- owners Of non-conforming
properties In order to permit
reasonable repairs and res
toration after damage by IRE or
other casualty?
A. Yes. The present regula-
tons permit such q non-con-
forming building to be restored
II its destruction does not ex-
coed three-quarters Of its value.
The proposed coming would
change this to so per cent In case
of q non-conforming use . but
retain the present requirement
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-19

for a non-conforming structure
@. Are the proposals SUN.
GENTLY favorable to induce light
industry to move into the Dis
trict and thereby increase the
tax income?
A. Yes. It has been demon.
strated in many communities
that light industry prefers to &C
into a welcomed community
assuring attractive surroundings
such as the proposed regulations
would provide.