davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11

nationalism is, of course, a major
factor; money. and the distribu-
ton Of sizable amounts of light
arms among the Omani popula-
ton. is another. But at the base
Of 1t all. is the Saudi British con-
flict over poorly demarcated areas
in which oil has been found.
Oil Found in Buroimi
The source of this conflict lies
in Buraimi, an oasis region lying
outside Oman proper between the
desert and the northern hills of
Oman. When oil was found there
in the early 1950s Saudi Arabia
claimed the region as lying within
its frontiers, and promptly occu-
pied it. Immediately the Sultan of
Muscat. prompted by the British,
advanced his own claim to the
area. Britain. acting on behalf of
the Sultan. proposed bringing the
case before the International
Court Of Justice. and the Saudis,
accepting, evacuated Buraimi in
1855.
But no sooner has the White
Fleet (as the Saudi desert army
is called evacuated Buraimi than
MuScati forces. led by British Of
flcers, occupied it. AS part of the
deal. the Sultan of Muscat was al
lowed to advance on the Imamate
of Oman. lying some 100 miles
from Muscat. and to occupy Nizwa.
the capital of Imam Ghalib. the
spiritual and temporal ruler of
Oman. BY the first week of Janu-
airy. 1856. Imam Ghalib was de-
feated and forced to flee to Saudi
Arabia. Oman was thus annexed
to the Sultanate of Muscat and
Oman.
The fact which all reports on
the Omani rebellion always fail
to mention is that Oman. before
1855. was not fully an integral
part Of what is called the Sultan
ate Of Muscat and Oman. This
Sultanate is and has been for
long time an independent prin-
cipality in treaty relations with
Great Britain" whose present
ruler, Said bin Taimour. yields
Jurisdiction over Muscat, his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
HOUSE

H. r. 4813. Extend life Of the
d. c. Auditorium Commission.
Adoption Of a conference report
proposing that the name Of the
commission be changed to the
National Cultural Center Com
mission and that the General
Services Administrator should &C
quire land referred to as "Foggy
Bottom South" as a site for con-
struction Of the National Cultural
Center. Rejected 1924.
FOR; Broyhill, Republican Of Virginia;
Landlord, Democrat OF Maryland; HYDE,
Republican OF Maryland.
AGAINST; Harrison, Democrat Of vir.
ainis' Smith, Democrat OF VirEinia.
H. r. 2462. Classified Employees
Pay Raise, providing an increase
Of IL per cent in the rates Of basic
compensation OF certain classified
officers and employees of the Fed
eral Government. Passed 329-58.
FOR; Broyhiil. Lankford, Hyde.
AGAlNSTi Harrison, Smith.
tBy Confessional Quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11

ancient. steamy capital on the
Indian Ocean, and over the bar
rem. sparsely populated coastal
regions extending east and west
from the capital. The sultan's
subjects are a mixed race of Arab,
Persian, Indian and African ex-
fractions who live mostly on fish
ing and sea-faring and belong in
majority to the Sunni or orthodox
sect of Islam.
Oman, on the other hand.
stretches in the interior over the
only aside from Yemen) noun
famous. fertile country in the
whole of Arabia. Clustered around
the Jabal al-Akhdar. (the green
mountain) which rises some 10000
feet above sea level, the Omani
hills are rich in water, pleasantly
cool and support a population
mainly engaged in agriculture and
cattle raising.
Form Minority Sect
The OmaniS are of mostly pure
Arab extraction and constitute the
last remnant Of the famous Ibadi
sect (Kharijites) who during the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
BY L. EDGAR PRINA

Vice Admiral Charles r. Cat"
Brown drained his big coffee cup
in gulps. Strengthened up in his
chair and spoke with an empha-
sis one is not likely to forget.
This is not kamikaze fleet"
he declared.
The colorful, Bible-quoting COM
mander of the mighty 9Th Fleet
has little patience for those who
shed real or crocodile tears over
the alleged super-vulnerability Of
this bristling seagoing force.
II would remind them that we
are not in The Mediterranean on
any suicide mission" he said.
At the moment the admiral
was talking to this reporter, his
high-fying jet bombers and fight
ers-which can carry more de-
structive power than all the allied
air forces did in World War IL
were streaking over Italy, Greece
and Turkey. testing the air de-
lenses of these NATO allies.
when the bell rings, these
planes will carry real payloads
and they'll deliver some terribly
destructive attacks against the
enemy" he asserted.
Asked about nuclear weapons.
the admiral would say only that
his planes were capable of deliv-
ering hydrogen and atomic bombs.
But Western observers long have
assumed-and so have the Rus
sians-that the big bombs are in
the 9Th Fleets ready arsenal.
Pointing out that his ships are
continually on the move. Admiral
Brown said that enemy land
based nuclear bombers are going
to have a problem finding the
fleet in the million-square mile
Mediterranean. then getting by
the combat air patrol and the
fleets guided missile defenses.
No Sitting Duck
Were not a simple. stationary
target like an airf1eld or city,
which can be zeroed in and made
much more vulnerable to enemy
guided missile, rocket or bomber
attacks" he said.
"Com6thFleet," as he is known
in the Navy, is a flying admiral.
He earned his wings in 1924 and
soon after set a fighter plane gun
merry record with a perfect so
hits out Of so shots in five passes
at a towed sleeve. He COM
manded two carriers during World
War II. the Kalinin Bay and the
renowned Hornet. He UNDER
stands air power and its tremen-
dous significance in warfare.
But he made 1t clear, as he
talked in his cabin aboard his
flagship. the heavy cruiser USS
Salem (CA-l39). that he cannot
60 along with air power enthu-
siasts who can only visualize an
about nuclear war with the big
land-based bombers the only
weapon that counts.
In fact, the admiral said that,
while he is prepared for any event.
uality, he does not think the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
Johnny Do:
Acts,No Talk

Johnny Dio came to town last
week at the invitation of a Senate
committee investigating labor
rackets. About the only thing
the committee learned from him
was that he is man of action.
rather than words.
He slugged press photographer
(for a man who lives by his wits,
it was said that his form left
much to be desired. and he plead
the Fifth Amendment to 146 ques-
tons put to him by the committee.
The only information anyone
could get from him was that Il
have family" a fact to which he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
Continued from Page All

full thing to have in his new post.
He takes over at a time of in
creasing difficulty in the De-
Tense Department over the size
and use of the defense budget
and an acceleration of perennial
inter-service disputes that are
further complicated by the argu-
ment over who shall develop,
build and fire what missile.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
NATION ON PAROLE
Little Finland 7reods With Caution

many and Hungary. the Firms
hope by scrupulous observation
of treaty pledges and correct con-
duct. to maintain indefinitely the
status quo.
we know that we are in a
delicate spot" said a high official
who prefers not to be quoted. But
since we cannot have what we
like. we try honestly to like what
we have. Our relations with Russia
must be friendly if we are to sur
vive as nation. One cannot
quarrel with a neighbor as power
full as the USSR-or side with it's
antagonistS-even if one is right
and he is wrong"
So Finland is taking as work
ing hypothesis" her 1855 treaty
with Moscow which has 20 years
to run. If there is a war within
that time it will not be Finlands
doing. If Germany or her allies"
should attempt to attack Russia
through Finland. the Films will
fight. If they cannot repel an in
vasion they will consult" with
Russia over suitable" military as
siStance. In return Moscow has
theoretically recognized Finland's
right to be neutral, in a friendly
way. If Russia is attacked via
any other front.
Most Firms say frankly they
have no complaint against the
USSR. Moscow has broken no
agreements with them, she has
amcliorated rather than intensi-
fed some treaty terms: the Pork
kala enclave was evacuated ahead
of schedule as a gesture of good
will; there has been no inter-
ference in Finlands internal at.
fairs. nor obvious support of the
Finnish Communist Party by Mos
COW. So the Firms believe in the
"Passikivi Line" and hope it will
protect them better than did the
"Mannerheim Line" At the United
Nations, Finland is independent,
but her delegation has orders not
to vote against Russia, at least on
political issues. On other matters
she votes as her conscience die
tates. In foreign affairs the Firms
will do nothing that is calculated
to aggravate relations with any
neighbor.
Foreign trade is an important
factor in Finland's economic life.
Just now the government is ex-
periencing an economic crisis. A
tight-fisted controller of the Bank
of Finland refuses to advance the
government money for social
reforms. farmers subsidies. etc.
Parliament can grouse all it wants
to. but the President does not dare
fire his stubborn Treasury watch
dog. So Finnish traders seek to
expand their commerce in all
directions. Foreign exchange is
rugged so they can buy cheaply
and sell dearly - so long as the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11

dents say, is certain. Mr. Kru-
shchev has no hope whatsoever of
making both the meat and milk
butter goals. The reason: Limita-
tons on feed.
If the feed is given to beef cat
tie, there will not be enough for
milk cows.
Today the Soviet Union believes
it produces less than a third as
much meat as the United States.
Soviet output repeatedly was 1928
Kilograms per capita in 1856. This
country's was 1923 Kilograms, &C
cording to Soviet figures. That
translates into II pounds COM
pared to Is pounds.
In milk output per capita, the
American lead is less: 754.6
pounds to 539 pounds per capita
in 1856, according to Soviet sta
tiSticS.
American experts are suspicious
Of the Soviet figures. The Soviet
milk production figure, for in
stance. they estimate to be 40 per
cent overstated.
Ambitious GooIs
And If milk production were to
increase 80 per cent as called for
in the 1860 five-year plan. long
before Mr.. Khrushchev launched
his campaign. Soviet output would
zoom far ahead of the United
States.
Likewise, If the undramatized
meat production goals of the cur
rent f1ve-year plan were met, Mr..
Khrushchev's aim of matching
American per capita output would
be all but made. The original Ave-
year plan called for doubling So
Wet meat production.
Since the last five-year plan
was drawn. many goals have been
scaled down.
Now that Mr.. Khrushchev has
put the target in different terms,
United States observers think they
detect duplicity.
Why is Mr.. Khrushchev going
to the public with this artificial
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
SENATE

H. r. 6l27. Passage Of the Civil
Rights Act Of 1857. as amended.
Passed 1918.
FOR: Bean. Republican Of Maryland:
Butler. Republican Of Maryland.
AGAINST: Byrd. Democrat Of virginia;
Robertson, Democrat OF virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11

Mr. Johnson, iournelist and former dip
iomot, speeioIi1es in Scandinavian and
Settle oiioirs. He is at present on on
extended trip through thot region.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-11
NEARBY VOTES

Votes Of the nearby Maryland
and Virginia legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Needy States
Found Against
Education Aid
By the Associated Press

Senator Butler. Republican Of
Maryland. says 81 returns in his
poll Of the 48 Governors on Fed
eral school aid indicates that
States with the most to gain
under such a program are op.
posed to It,"
At the same time. he said yes.
terday, he found that States
standing to lose the most are
favorable" He called this a
"strange phenomenon"
Senator Butler made public
the views of only six Governors
Listed by Senator Butler as
supporting Federal aid were
Democratic Cows. Hartman oil
New York. Leader of Pennsyl-
vania and Williams of Michigan
Opposed. he said, were Repub-
lican Cows. Anderson of Me-
braska and Simpson of Wyo-
ming. and Democratic Gov
Stanley of Virginia.
Taxpayers in New York, Penn
sylvania and Michigan would
pay more toward a Federal
school program than their
States would get back, Senator
Butler said. In Nebraska, Wyo-
ming and Virginia it would be
the other way around.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
BY the Associated Press

Postmaster General Arthur E.
Summerfield says. curtailments in
postal service probably" will be
necessary unless Congress APP
Ipropriates "a major portion" of
$40 million for his department.
Mr.. Summerfield was inter-
viewed yesterday on ABC-TV's
College News Conference.
He said the curtailments in
service could include an end to
Saturday mail service, closing OF
hundreds il not thousands" of
smaller post offices throughout
the country. and a reduction in
the amount Of mail post Offices
are required to handle.
The Postmaster General said
he viii ask Congress within the
next few days to restore the $50
million cut from his depart
ment's budget and to grant sup
Elemental appropriations. To-
Igether. he added. the requests
will total $l4O million.
Asked whether he believes
President Eisenhower will APP
prove a bill containing cuts in
Post Office funds. Mr.. Summer
field said:
Il am assuming he will sign
it. although reluctantly"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Russia 10 Sign
Hungary Pact

BUDAPEST. May ~ R.-
Soviet Defense Minister Georgi
Zhukov and Foreign Minister
Andrei Gromyko arrived today to
sign a pact on the future Of
Soviet forces temporarily" sta
toned in Communist Hungary.
These are the troops who put
down last falls anti-Russian re-
volt.
Hungarian Foreign Ministry
officials said the signing would
take place later today and would
be celebrated by a big reception
tonight in Budapest's parliament
building. Russian experts have
been in Budapest working on the
draft Of the treaty since the end
Of last week.
The basis for the troop agree
ment was worked out at a con-
ference Of Soviet and Hungarian
Communist leaders in Moscow
In March. A declaration signed
then provided for the continued
presence Of the Russian army
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

in Hmsarys for ptessfying the
freedom and independence Of the
Hungarian state (andl abolish
ing the threat Of future war
being created in the heart Of
Europe"
Withdrawal Of Russian troops
was one Of the chief demands
of the Hungarian rebels. Premier
Janos Kadar's governme en- I,
which took office when the Rus
slams interviewed in the rebel
lion. limited at first that the
Soviet troops might be with
drawn after order Is restored"
But Minister Of State Gyoergy
Marosan ruled out any such
hope on March "a. saying:
Soviet troops will remain in
Hugary as long as American
troops are stationed in West
Germany. Italy and elsewhere
in Europe"
Russia in recent months has
signed similar troop agreements
with Poland. East Germany and
Romania.
The terms Of the treaties vary
from country to country The
Poles won some control over the
movements Of Soviet troops on
their soil. The Romanians new
have the right to try Soviet SOL
diers who commit penal offenses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Rotify Pact
With CupitoI AirIines

Capital Airlines mechanics
and ground crews at 81 installa-
tons in Is States and the
Washington area have ratified a
wage contract signed May 5.
Robert T. Quick. president Of
the District ia Of the Inter-
national Association of Ma
chinists. which covers some
2. 800 Capital employees. said 2T5
grievances also have been
settled.
The one-year contract pro-
vides wage increases from 10 10
"a cents per hour, retroactive to
last October /.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

lhiti, hoping to prove that Poly
Inesians could have reached
South America in pre-Christian
|eras. The Frenchmen sought to
duplicate in reverse the voyage
of Thor Heyerdahl's Kon-Tik
from Peru to Tahiti in 1947.
A bad storm last week carried
away the Tahiti Nuts mast and
several Of her bamboo logs. Her
radio appeal for help brought the
frigate out to tow her. Mr.. De
Bisschop had planned to repair
the raft in the Juan Fernandez
Islands and then try to complete
the voyage.
The Chilean navy said the Ba-
quedano would arrive in VAL
paraiso tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Voyage From Tahiti
To Chile Is BoIked
When Ruft Sinks

SANTIAGO. Chile. May ~ (P)
The attempt Of i've men to sal
by raft from Tahiti to Chile ha,
ended in the sinking of theil
craft, the Tahiti-Nui.
The Chilean navy frigate Ba.
Iquedano, which was towing the
raft. picked up French explorer
Eric de Bisschop and his crew OF
four and most of their equip.
lment.
The l4x40-foot bamboo raft
went down yesterday near the
Juan Fernandez Islands. 400
miles from the Chilean coast
after a stormy sea broke the tow
cable.
Mr.. DeBisschop and his crew
sailed last November 6 from Ia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

ter's Cave. at Raubsville, ilve
miles south Of Easton. They be-
came lost and Mr.. Pfeiffer's wife
reported the party missing last
night.
State police, aided by volun-
teers and cave exploration ex-
perts. searched the cave today
One member Of the search party
contacted the group by shouting
Hears Answering Shouts
State Trooper John Hahn en-
tered the cave with a rope and
light after Clinton Wreitz, Of
Raubsville. reported hearing
answering shouts about 10 am.
All were safe and sound. but lost.
they shouted to Mr.. Kreitz.
The cave has q steel trap door
which normally Is padlocked
To enter. the gey had to be OBJ
tanned from Mrs. Anna Hart,
VINO operates the abandoned
stone quarry as q sightseeing
cave. Mrs. Hart had reported
that the Pfeiffer party entered
the cave. but that she did not
see them come out.
The first one lifted out Of the
cave at 1l:10 am. was Mr.. Pfeif-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

fer'S son. who ran to his mother,
Norma. He exclaimed. I'VE
went in and just got lost" She
clasped him to her and then
wrapped the youngster in a
blanket and led him to a car,
That Was Something, Boy Says
The second OF the three boys
to come out was Chris Ingham,
IL, who went straight to Tony
in the car and said. THAT was
something. huhl"
Next came Norman Ganter
II. followed by Mr.. Pfeiffer. The
writer told police. I'VE went in
at 1880 pm. yesterday and
planned to come out at 4 pm
At S We realized we were lost"
He said he told the boys to
stay with him and await rescue
rather than wander around and
become separated. They were
in the same spot in the cave
when Trooper Hahn found them
today.
Mr.. Pfeiffer has written many
articles and three books on
science subjects. His most recent
book was "The Human Brain"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Rioting Linked
To Trial Setup

NEW YORK, May ~ tR.-
Philippine Ambassador Carlos p.
Romulo said last night that
anti-American riots on Formosa
and similar disturbances in
Japan and Korea stem from
United States refusal to permit
native courts to try Americans
accused Of crimes.
In q speech at the annual
Universal Brotherhood Awards
dinner Of the Jewish Theological
Seminary in America. Ambassa-
dor Romulo said:
The recent unfortunate de-
velopments in Japan. Korea and
FormoSa are indeed most de-
plorable. We err when we at
tribute these disturbances to
Communist agitation.
The truth is that in Japan.
as well as in Korea and For
NOSE, these recent outbursts
were ignited by incidents re-
sulting from the trial Of Ameri-
can soldiers.
THE crimes Of which these
soldiers were accused did not
arouse the indignation Of the
populace as much, as the fact
that the courts Of the countries
where the crimes were commit
ted were not allowed to try the
accused
Last Friday a mob angered
over the United States Army
ourt-martial aequittal Of an
American sergeant accused Of
killing q Chinese wrecked the
United States Embassy tn Tai
pei. Formosa. and injured nine
persons. -lss
ITO u.s." said Ambassador Ro-
mulo. court Jurisdiction is part
and parcel Of our national
sovereignty Anything that
violates 1t arouses the deep re-
sentiment Of the people"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
|Summerfie|d to Make
Plea for S14O Million

However. Mr.. Summerfield said
he is sure the President will fight
for a supplemental appropria-
ton land. you may rest assured
so will the postmaster general
On the question Of a raise fol-
postal employees. be said a study
is now being completed which
will show whether one Il
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

cial cavern known as Carpen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Writer and Three Bows,
Lost in Cave, Are Found

EASTON Pa, May ~ GA science writer and three
youngsters lost in since yesterday afternoon
today They emerged from the experience little hungry
harmed
John Peer A. took his Tony and two Of the boy
companions on an outing to explore this
Pennsylvania
The party entered cavern known as Capen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27

injured Is Americans were not
dispersed until late Friday eve
ming, after martial law had been
imposed.
The statement said police were
present when the crowd gathered
outside the embassy. before it
became violent. but that they did
not draw their weapons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Gruenther to Speak

Gen. Alfred E. Gruenther,
president OF the American Red
Cross. will address the annual
dinner Of the John Carroll So
ciety at z o'clock tonight at
Archbishop Carroll High School,
1000 Hardwood road NE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-27
Lions Convention Set

ROANOKE. Va. May 26 (P).
Members of Virginia Lions
Clubs will converge on Roanoke
Friday for their annual two-day
convention.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-05-09
FOR SALE

Don't suffer from the summer
heat by using your regular uni
form of muslin bed sheet Be
modern! Inquire about our COM
plete stock of Cotton Eyelet En-
broidery, designed especially for
summer wear. Klanettes may en-
large the holes for arms, but your
heads will fit nicely through the
evelets as they are. Keep cool this
summer on your rides of mercy.
This special offer open only to
Klukers in good standing. Pay
your dues and save money and be
comfortableD, Address orders to
Big Brother.
The Petal paper. [volume] (Petal, Miss.) 1953-19??, 1957-05-09

sIets Be Human is column written by Harry
Feischman and appears in hundred or SO papers oVe
the country In his current column, Harry says
N.xbe we're wrong but we've yet met any
oodv who thought he was evil Racketeers, greedy m
dustralists Comunssall have to square thelr acohs
with their consciences How do they justify themselves
"Life's racket Everybody's out for what tney can
get I'm only doing what everybody else Woulo IKE "
do Or
Life is og-eat-dog struggle. You've got 10 40 eie
other guy in before he can do YOU. Or
"The end iustifies the Stealing lying, murder
are all justified if your final goal is noble
All of which reminds of some remarkable pro-
oses made bv Russia's dictator Nicola Lenin IN the
wear following the Bolshevik revolution:
= The new Bolshevik regime is revolt @agalnsttne
Continued On Page2)