davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
The Upward Climb

The $7l.8 billion budget was a
far cry from the $50 billion spend
ing level Mr.. Eisenhower said in
1852 he hoped to return to. Much
of his first campaign was based en-
promises for budget cutback, and
soon after he took Office he chopped
$40 billion off the budget his pred
ecessor, President Truman. had
submitted a few weeks earlier. But
last week he was right back where
he started--less than a billion dol
lars on the low side oil that last
Truman budget, submitted during
the last days of the Korean war.
Mr.. Eisenhower's first budget, for
fiscal 1886, continued the down.
ward trend he had started. But the
next year, it edged up to $665 bill
lion, $l.9 billion more than the
previous year. And spending in the
current year. which ends June 80.
is expected to reach $3.50 billion.
There are many reasons for this
continuing upward trend other
than the complaint of Treasury
Secretary Humphrey that there are
too many people who run to Wash-
ington for help"
The cost of protection, increasing
annually as weapons become even
more fantastic in price as well as
performance. presents the first
block against a return to a $50
billion budget. The military is
placing an increasing reliance Upon
these machines. while the actual
numbers of men under arms move
downward.
The new concepts Of warfare,
brought by missiles. guided and un-
guided, is forcing new design
in defense planning For instance,
In 1854 the Air Force allocated only
10 per cent Of its procurement funds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Chou Helps Out

Premier Chou En-lai stood along
side Mr.. Khrushchev and applauded
vigorously. He added his own at
tack on the West when he lam
basted "imperialist plots trying to
lntlame the nationalist feelings of
Socialist states with demagogic Slo-
gans Of freedom and democracy"
The Chinese Premier departed
from Moscow Friday to resume his
interrupted tour of Asia. After
visit in Kabul, capital of Afghan
istan. Mr.. Chou will return to New
Delhi for another chat with Indian
Premier Jawaharlal Nehru. West
ern diplomats expect him to pull
out all the stops in pressing Mr..
Nehru to oppose the Eisenhower
Middle East proposal
The weeks activities of Mr.. Chou
raised question: What price, if
any, was the Kremlin paying him
for his efforts to shore up the shaky
structures of the Red satellites in
Eastern and Central Europe?
There was no hint as to what
that price might be in the lengthy
communicate issued in Moscow as
the Chinese leader departed. But
there was no doubt that the Soviet
Union and Red China have drawn
closer than ever before. Every in
dication pointed to the adoption in
Peiping of solid pro-Soviet
policy, with the two nations acting
together as partners, not as lord
and vassal.
In the communicate. the joint
action theme in foreign policy was
emphasized by the declarations on
the Middle East, on the Vests
system Of military alliance. and on
the future control of the Suez
Canal.
BY all surface indications at
least, the craftsmanship tour Of
Chou En-lai has been a great sue
cess. Stressing a theme Of Com
munist unity against the machina-
tons of the ''imperialists." Mr..
Chou appears to have scored de-
cisively in Poland. There, the Gin
dependent Communist" regime of
Party Chief Wladyslaw Gomulka,
after an initial GOODNESS, publicly
embraced the Chou doctrine of
unity in the Communist camp
around the leadership of Moscow.
The Chinese leader described the
revolt in Hungary as crazy" and
"subversive." But throughout his
tour. Mr.. Chou was ever-quick to
admit that there had been faults
and shortcomings" in the Com
munist rule of the satellites.
Thus combining a stern attitude
toward rebellious elements with a
sweet reasonableness on internal
reforms, the affable Mr.. Chou jour-
neyed to Warsaw and Cracow and
Budapest. assuring all within hear
ing of Red China's friendship and
support for characterization" but
warning Of the perils of discord and
need for solidarity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Communists React

Even while the Arab nations were
mulling over the implications OF
the Eisenhower proposal. there was
attention from another quarter
which caused one Arab diplomat
here to recall with nostalgia the
peaceful" days when all the Arabs
had to cope with was Israel.
That attention was in the form
of an announcement from Moscow
that the Soviet Union and Com
munist China were formally COM
mitted to protect" the Middle East
from ANY aggression and interior
ence in their affairs The i'm
perialist designs" of the Eisenhower
doctrine were specifically men
toned in the Moscow declaration,
made as the satellite-soothing tour
of Red China's Premier Chou En-lai
ended on a note of brave double
talk.
But the Moscow statement was
hardly needed to emphasize the
serious concern so evident in the
Communist world over the latest
American policy toward the Middle
East. Beginning with the editorial
attacks in Pravda, Izvestia, Red
Star and other authoritative So
Wet publications. and continuing
through the week. with blasts from
Kremlin leaders great and small.
the Communists laid down heavy
barrage.
And although the calibers of the
Soviet cannon varied, the missile
remained monotonously the same:
The charge that the United States.
fearful that the destruction of Brit
ish and French prestige in the Mid
die East would finally permit the
long-suffering colonial slaves to
realize independence. was moving
swiftly and savagely to substitute
American imperialism for the old
brand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
The High Cost Of Government

A 4-pound. IL ounce documenta-
ton of the high cost of government
in a slnouldering world and boom
economy was put before Congress
and the American people last week
1t was the Eisenhower admins
tration's proposed budget for the
1858 fiscal year. which begins OH
July /.
In that budget. President Eisen-
hover estimated that s73, 500. 000. 900
will flow into Washington in the
form of taxes and other Federal
income. From that amount. he said,
must come $71.807 100000 to pay
for protection against war (63 per
cent of the totaD. run the Govern
ment. pay interest on the national
debt. and provide the benefits and
services that ITO million Americans
expect Of their Government.
Thus, if all goes we'll, the Gov
eminent will be operating in the
black for the third consecutive year,
with a surplus Of $1,813, 100000 to
be applied on the S276 billion ma
tional debt.
The big expense item, labeled
protection" by Mr.. Eisenhower, in
cludes spending for the military and
collective security. and totals S45.3
billion, up $2.6 billion over the esti-
mates of the current fiscal year.
Civil benefits" or. as Mr. Eisen-
hover put it, the cost of the every
day well-being of our people, will
cost $3.50 billion, compared to the
current periods estimates of S16.5
billion. These many items repre-
sent "a per cent of contemplated
spending.
Ten per cent of the total, or STA
billion will be applied as interest on
the national debt, and the business
of running the Government Itself
everything from roll of red tape
to the Presidents salary--wil, come
to $1.8 billion, or per cent. Almost
insignificant,is the request for $4e0
million for unexpected ''contin-
gencies."
OF special interest to Washington
residents was the proposal for
record breaking $2068 million
budget for the District of Columbia.
This represented an increase of $8.5
million over the current fiscal year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Bid to Congress

OOnUlnuluR tIle administrations
bid for congressional approval,
Secretary of State Dulles went be-
fore joint session of the Senate
Foreign Relations and Armed Serv-
ices Committees. He called the
threat of Communist aggression in
the Middle East "the most serious
threat we have faced over the past
10 years."
Mr.. Dulles was quizzed closely
on the economic aid parts of the
administrations program. He de-
Tended its necessity, but yielded in
principle to demands that the
economic aid provision be limited
to temporary status, uncommitted
to long range plans.
Mr.. Dulles, in his second day of
testimony, underlined the gravity
with which he views the Middle
East situation by predicting fatty
that the United States would face
1.-THE very great likelihood" of having
to fight there if the Presidents
plan were rejected.
But if the proposal were approved
and put into effect, the Secretary
said, there was very little likeli-
hood that war would result. There
was nothing in the proposal itself,
Mr.. Dulles averred, that would in
any foreseeable circumstances in
volve the United States in the
chronic dispute between the Arab
nations and Israel. That quarrel,
he said, was in the hands of the
United Nations.
In the Middle East, meanwhile.
Egypt's President-dictator Canal
Abdel Nasser requested somewhat
plaintively fuller explanation OF
the economic aid mentioned in the
Eisenhower proposal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

line industry was reported to be
deeply worried by the high inven-
tories; there was fear then that
price wars might develop.
Further, the gasoline glut here
actually is not being eased by de-
mands from other nations. Many
European nations. in order to con-
serve dollar reserves, built their
own gasoline refineries. Conse-
quently. their needs are for crude
oil.
1t has not been customary for the
industry to reduce crisis price boosts
once the crisis has passed. An in
crease during the Korean War still
stands as part of the 25-plus cents a
gallon Washingtonians now pay for
high-test gasoline.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

for missiles. The 1858 budget con-
templates doubling of that per-
centage. and defense planners be-
lieve the Air Force procurement
money will be split evenly between
manned aircraft and missiles by
1860
The price of this new look"
was explained this way by Mr.. Eli
senhower in his budget message:
Large expenditures will be required
to bring these weapons into use.
During the transition. we must con-
tinue to purchase enough Of the
current types to preserve our readi-
ness until the effectiveness of ad-
vanced weapons is demonstrated
in tests"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

gress to whack away at his chiefs
spending requests. Mr.. Humphrey,
who blamed everybody" for the
rise in Government costs, said fatty
that there were many items in the
budget that could stand cutting,
though he would not say what they
were. We've got to be firmer than
we've been, and we've got to get
expenses under CONTROL" he said
dolefully
Mr.. Humphrey has not followed
the rest of the administration in its
veering from the conservative
course charted. with his own help,
in 1858. He talked to reporters last
week like man disillusioned.
Mr.. Humphrey remarked-but
not very emphatically-that he
thought there was a good chance
to reverse the upward trend. But
the 1858 budget itself would seem
to refute his words. The key to
future spending in any budget is
the level of requests for authority
to obligate the Government. Last
year and again this year the Presi-
dent asked for new obligational au-
thority exceeding the figures for
budget expenditures, thus revers-
ing the direction of the three pre-
ceding years.
Congress, encouraged by Mr..
Humphreys remarks. will threaten
to slice great chunks from the
budget. but probably will wind up
by only trimming off some icing
and, perhaps, adding a few tidbits
of its own Even the most tight
listed members do not deny the
need for vast defense spending, and
few are bold enough to suggest
sizeable reductions in benefits to
the voters. For instance. Repre-
sentative John t"Meat-ax") Taber,
Republican of New York, did not
demand. as he has in the past,
that his colleagues make cuts
worth billions and billions" He
only promised that the Appropria-
tons Committee would go over the
document with fine-tooth comb"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

Tight Money

The 22,564,000 veterans of
American armed forces in war and
peace now living comprise the
largest potential voting bloc in
the electorate-larger even than
organized labor, the farmers or
racial or religious minorities. Like
other so-called blocs, veterans never
vote as one, but among them there
is community of interests that
no politician fails to recognize.
For that reason, Congress--which
is composed OF politicians-is
anxious to solve the most pressing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
The Drought:
Help Promised

President Eisenhower toured the
parched drought lands Of the West
last week and returned to Washing
ton with promise that something
would be done to help the farmers
and rancherS who are being wiped
out by a soaring sun
The President, Of course, might
have gotten all the information on
the eight-year drought by calling
his Secretary Of Agriculture to a
White House conference. But the
See REVIEW, Page AIS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20
Mr.. Humphrey Is Cool

Far from content with the new
budget was Secretary Humphrey.
who at a press conference last week
seemed actually to be inviting Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-20

Rountree. but other American off,
Gals gave newsmen the gist of the
talks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
.NAACP Records
Hearing Put Off

RICHMOND, July 2 (P.-A
hearing on motion to quash a
Boatwright Committee subpoena
calling for records of the Vir-
|ginia NAACP was poisoned from
yesterday until July 9 in Rich
mond Circuit Court.
Subpoenas were issued in mid
June here and in Farmville, Nor
folk and Charlottesville calling
on the National Association for
the Advancement of Colored Peo-
pile to produce correspondence
and financial data dating back
to December 81. 1949.
NAACP attorneys said in their
motion to quash that the SUBJ
poena was "far too broad and
sweeping to meet the constitu-
tional test of reasonableness."
They charged that the motion
for the subpoena was made with
out notice to the NAACP and
without giving the organization
a chance to be heard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02

floor during a hearing on reso-
lutions, Mrs. Gladys Num- of
Muskogee, OKLA, a Resolutions
Committee member said the $10,-
900 recommendation was dropped
because "in some parts of the
country it is so fantastic it ham
dicaps teachers in bargaining for
higher pay"
Designation Stand
The committees recommended
ton for a resolution on the ques-
ton of desegregation in public
schools substantially reaffimed
the MEAS stand of previous
years. A reference to respect
for law" was inserted to bolster
earlier wording.
Proposed resolutions also re-
peated the MEAS traditional
stand in favor of Federal aid to
school construction and Federal
support for teachers salaries,
"channeled through official
State education agencies /"
A proposal by a resolutions sub
committee that teachers be ex-
empted from the peacetime draft
was lost in the full committees
report.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
$4,000 Added
TO D. {. Relief

District relief checks to 449
families yesterday were boil
stored by an additional $22.-
l026.95 under a new procedure re-
sulting from increased appro-
Ipriations for District welfare.
In the past the Welfare De-
Ipartment has deducted the
amount of court orders for sup
port from the checks going to
families receiving aid to depend
lent children. whether or not the
orders were paid.
Under the new policy. the full
amount of the relief check will
be paid. and the District will COL
lect the money coming to the
families under support orders.
The 449 families receiving the
Increased relief payments in
Icluded 891 children, according to
Welfare Director Gerard M.
Shea.
Budget Raised $6S6.OO0
The departments budget was
increased by 1886, 900 for this fis-
cal year, permitting this and
other liberalizations Of the city's
relief procedures. One of the
others was the administration of
Ia surplus food program for the
needy which began yesterday.
In process is the removal of a
former 5000 ceiling on relief
grants. Plans also are being
completed for the establishment
Of an emergency relief program
for families waiting to be cleared
for the relief rolls.
Yesterdays new policy on aid
to dependent children removed
the penalty on families forced to
do without money only theoret-
Iically received from fathers who
defaulted on court orders for
support.
Months Checks $271,248
Checks under the program
totaled $271,248 this month. of
which $102,935 represented Dis
trict money and $168,313 Fed
eral matching funds.
The aid was granted in 2,204
cases. representing $685. persons,
of whom 7,409 are children. The
average size Of families receiv-
ing the assistance is 4.3 persons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
Mrs. Kefuuver
Won't Be Charged
In Auto Accident

No charge will be filed in an
accident in which a Car driven
by the wife of Senator Kefauver,
Democrat of Tennessee, struck
another driven by Assistant Sec
rotary of State Walter S. Rob-
ertson and injured him, police
indicated today.
The accident occurred Thurs
day night near Dupont Circle.
Mrs. Kefauver personally re-
ported it to police headquarters
Saturday night after learning
Mr.. Robertson had been injured.
The diplomat, in charge of Far
Eastern Affairs for the State De-
partment. entered Bethesda Ma
val Hospital the day after the
accident. His head was placed in
traction tor a time to ease severe
pain from what was described
as a sprain of the cervical spine.
Physicians said he would not suf-
fer permanent injury.
In running into the rear Of
the Robertson car. Mrs Kefau-
yer placed the blame on brake
failure or to accidentally touch
ing the accelerator. Mr.. Robert
son was not aware until later
that he had been injured.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
NEWS OF MUSIC
Unusual Recital Given
By Staples, OIefsky

It is much shorter than the So
nata and presents technical diff
ficulties of far less degree. Mu-
sically it is not so subjective and
passionate a piece. but one
which. in its bright and uncom-
plicated way. I find more attrac-
tive.
The two musicians of last
nights recital became friends
here in Washington several years
ago when they were serving their
turn in the Navy Band. Neither
is now a Washingtonian, but
both remember the satisfaction
they had in playing together and
the regard and respect they had
for the chamber music series put
on every year by Elmira Bier,
musical director Of the Phillips
Gallery. They offered to come
here to play the three duos, and
in a town which in the last sew
eral years has become almost
surfeited with chamber music,
by the tastefulness Of their
choice of program and the bril-
lance of their musicianship,
gave us a summer concert which
was one of the most enjoyable
of the season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
Gas Dealers Begin
Drive on BiIIbourds

Fifty Arlington County gaso-
line dealers have begun a cam
paign to rid the area of Circus
type" billboards and advertising
posters.
The Cleanup Arlington High
ways" campaign was begun last
night with a meeting of the
operators in the Barnes &
Kimel Auditorium. James D.
Gouldin. president of the Metro
politan Retail Gasoline Dealers
Association, said, Unfortunate
ly, some service station operators
are the worst offenders in this
eyesore cluttering of the county's
highways. 1t is not necessary for
IA service station operator to
plaster his station with barn.
door signs to serve the public"
He said the honkey-tonk signs
are a serious traffic hazard, es-
lpecially at curbs of intersection
streets. The Arlington Chamber
Iof Commerce. the Arlington
Safety Council and Arlington
business and civic groups arr
being asked to get behind TIT
drive,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
3 PIeod Not Guilty
In Kustner SIuyino

TEL AVN, Israel. July 2 (P.-
Three men pleaded innocent to-
day at the opening of their trial
on charges of numbering DR.
Rudolf Kastner, controversial
Hungarian Jewish leader in
World War II.
Kastner, editor OF a Hungarian
Language newspaper here. was
shot three times as he drove to
his Tel Aviv home on March 4
He died IL days later of chest
wounds.
District Court Prosecutor Mrs
Marian Mendkes said the three
men accused of the Staying
Joseph MendkeS. Zeev Eksteir
and Dan Shemer-are members
of an underground organization
aimed at changing Israel's con.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
Ford Selected
AS FEC Member

Frederick w. Ford, a Justice
Department official who has
worked for the Government since
1899, was nominated by Presi-
dent Eisenhower today as a
member of the Federal Commu-
Inications Commission.
Mr.. Ford, At, was named to
succeed George c. McConnau-
ghey on the FEC. John C.
Doerfer, already a commission
member, has been designated to
succeed Mr.. McCannaughey as
chairman.
Mr.. Ford now is an assistant
to Deputy Attorney General Will
liam P. Rogers. A Clarksburg.
w. Va. lawyer. he came to
Washington in 1889 as an en-
Iploye of the Federal Security
Agency.
After service as a major in the
Air Force during World War II,
Mr.. Ford worked for the OPA in
1867 and for the FEC from
1947 until 1858, when he went
to the Justice Department. From
1851 to 1858 he was chief of the
Hearing Division of the Fees
Broadcast Bureau.
The White House listed Mr..
Ford as a Republican.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-02
NEWS OF MUSIC
BY DAY THORPE

Gordon Staples, violin: Paul olef-
sky, cello. At Phillips Gallery. Pro-
gram: Duos for cello. and violin. by
Ravel. Ernest Toch and Zoltan Kodaly.
Recitals for violin and cello
without keyboard accompani-
Iment are rare. The repertoire is
limited, but it certainly is extern
sive enough for at least one good
program.
That the pair of instruments
can make the most interesting
chamber music was proved last
night by two of the finest string
players heard in Washington
Gordon Staples and Paul Olef-
sky. Their joint recital was a
fitting climax and finish to a
notable season of chamber
music at the Phillips Gallery.
Ravel's duo, although not
widely known, is one of the most
impressive works of the COM
poser. 1t is a big piece-a half
hour long, and in four move
ments. 1t shows the best char
acteristics of Ravel at the peak
of their development, and seems
to avoid the faults which some
times mar the Frenchman's
music-amorphous rhythms and
melodic dryness. The piece has
as many good tunes as ''Daphnis
and Chloe" and the orchestra
ton of the unusual combination
is superb.
Messrs. Staples and Olefsky
followed the Ravel with a slight
err but piquant and charming
piece by Ernest Toch, and con-
cluded the recital with the duo
of Zoltan Kodaly. Mr.. Olefsky
has made the companion work
of the duo, the sonata for solo
cello of Kodaly. quite familiar in
town. The duo is a different type
of music. but no lexis fine a niece