davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-04

This advice Il from Jack
Paisley of the Potomac Rose
Society writing in the current
bulletin:
Speaking Of bloom, It is In
cutting roses that the beginner
does hts plants the most dis
service. It is such q tempta-
ton to cut long stems and carry
them into the house. II you
learn to arrange your roses you
have greater satisfaction. at
least that has been my expe-
rience. and you do not harm the
plants. You learn to cut the
next longest stem needed from
another plant. The shorter
stemmed ones can be cut any
where. By this method you
leave the maximum amount of
foliage on each plant to enable
them to grow into the 6-foot
beauties you dream about and
stu have cut flowers in home
and ONCE.
e. Cut to an outside bud.
Only experience can teach you
whether to cut Just above the
first flve-leafiet leaf that APP
pears on the outside Of the
shoot. or lower. II the remain
ing stem cannot support the
growth Of the next bloom, it
would be futile not to cut lower.
As I said. you learn from ex-
perience how far down to cut,
depending on the strength Of
the shoot. -.
you can shape your plants
better II you disbud hybrid
teas) regularly all summer, arg
the plants win produce better
at the time Of the fall shows.
I would do 1t II for no other
reason than the fact that I
don't enjoy hybrid tea roses
that have not been disbudded.
let the horibundas furnish me
with the pleasure Of mass
color"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-04
GARDEN GUIDANCE
Root Holly Cuttings;
How to Snip Roses

wilt; the leaves will turn yell
low and brown and the limb
dies. This is called verticillium
which Is q fungus. It en-.
tiers through breaks in roots
or wounds in the bark Of
branches and goes through the
trees water conducting tissues.
It may spread rapidly. but
quick action may save the
trees. Cut out and burn the
wilted brances. Tree experts
are working on some way to
effectively combat this disease.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-04
Wilt Hits Naples

Speaking Of trees and their
troubles. maple wilt is showing
up In many maple trees. A
limb or two may suddenly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-04
Controls for Mint

Give q plant Of spearmint.
also called garden mint or
lambs mint. an inch and It will
take the garden. It not only
sprouts q new plant touching
the old. but will come up in
spots 3 feet away. 1t is such a
fine herb for the garden. but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-08-04
Hybrid Teu Roses

other eeedlingI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
DORIS FLEEsON
Opposition to High Government Costs
Poses Many Interesting Questions

When Secretary Of the
Treasury George M. Humphrey
all but invited Congress to cut
President Eisenhower's record
peacetime budget. he revived a
question long familiar to Wash
ington. It is this:
What is the duty Of a cabinet
member or other top Federal
administrator who finds him
self compelled to support a
Presidential policy with which
he violently disagrees and
which falls within the area of
his responsibility?
Mr. Humphrey set this Cap
ital on its ear with a series of
provocative comments. He not
only disclosed his own unhap-
piness over the size of the new
budget but predicted "a de-
preston that will curl your
hair" if the increasing cost Of
government is not stopped.
This is strong language. The
economizers in government,
Democrat and Republican.
seized upon it eagerly. Other
Democrats, not notably stingy
with the taxpayers money.
could not resist the temptation
to goad the opposition which
has long inveighed against big
government and big spending.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21

Thus Washington is pre-
sented with another thrilling
version of the Perils of Pauline.
What will Secretary Hum
phrey say to the appropria-
tions committees of Congress?
Will President Eisenhower back
down? Did Vice President
Nixon, who already is cam
paigning for the presidency in
1860, force the welfare state
budget on the ground that only
a liberal Republican can win?
viii the G. o. P. conservatives
stay hitched? What will the
political harvest be?
For the answers to these
important mysteries. the voters
have only to read their daily
newspapers. This is not a sit
uation that can be compro-
missed without loss of face for
some very important people
nor can it be obscured by Mad
ison avenue propaganda.
1t is clear that Mr.. Hum
phrey would hate to leave 1.-THE
team" In an effort to avoid
putting the blame for the
budget on the President, that
ordinarily candid man went
through some extraordinary
verbal contortions.
Yet, in Macauley's deathless
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
DORIS FLEEsoN
Mr.. Humphrey and the Budget

phrase. every schoolboy knows
that the budget is the Presi-
dents responsibility and that
in framing it he has the adj
vice and consent of the Sec
rotary of the Treasury.
The latter has been par
ticularly true in this admins
tration because Mr.. Humphrey
has been generally ackowl-
edged as the strong man Of
the Cabinet. But reporters had
no trouble discerning that his
advice was not needed and
that he was something of an
Indian-giver about his con-
sent.
After budget news stories
had made it brutally plain
that the increasing size and
cost Of government were divid-
ing the administration. Re-
publicans sought to minimize
the Humphrey comments.
1t was even said that the
President had given his chief
financial advisor authority to
support budget cuts that
would not impair security or
essential services"
1t is difficult to see how the
Secretary could support any
real budget cuts that would
not impair the Presidents pro-
posalS. 1t is already widely be-
lieved that he pointed out a
few places for cuts but was
overruled.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21

Our policymakers have a
tendency to overestimate the
Communists military might
and to underrate their ability
to subvert the so-called I'M
committed countries.
American military men are
restricted in their public ut
terances. So long as they
are IN uniform they must say
nothing which might conflict
with their civilian superiors.
This applies not only to their
official statements. but also
their testimony in executive
sessions before congressional
committees.
But whenever military men
can express themselves in pri-
vate conversation which they
are sure will not be repeated
to make them guilty of insub-
ordination, they say frankly
that they have no doubt that
we would win in a showdown.
The only If" is that the
military not be handicapped
by political considerations such
as existed when Gen. Douglas
Macarthur was not permitted
to use the Air Force to hit
at Chinese Communist bases
whence hundreds of thou
sands Of men poured into North
Korea.
None of the military men
advocate a preventive war in
any shape or form. But should
the Reds misjudge our capa-
bilities and strike at uS-even
by a proxy force-the i'm
mediate use Of our full strength
without onsideration of
whether it is moral" to en-
ploy our nuclear weapons would
insure a quick and certain
victory.
The air armadas possessed
by the Reds or the 500 sub
marines which the Russians
boast do not seem to impress
our military men. The greatest
danger comes from the ability
of the Communists to nibble
away at our strategic periph-
cries. This is due to the ten
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Soviets Capitalize on Vests Mistakes;
Arab Nations Feel Subversive Tactics

dency of our political leaders
to underestimate the Reds
subversive capabilities which
have been so clearly demon
strated in recent months.
Judging, for instance. the
performances of President Mas
ser over the last year or so, it
should have been obvious that
unless he was removed from his
position of power he would
continue to play into Russian
hands. He is admittedly a
dictator who wants to impose
himself on the rest Of the
Arabs with the help of Mos
COW.
The British and French
blundered in their military
operations which were handled
with remarkable incompetence
by the British general staff.
The moral position we took
in that affair gave Col. Nasser,
whose only combat forces in
the Sinai Peninsula were
quickly destroyed by the
Israelis. q complete victory.
Russia could not help him
except by gestures and empty
threats. The State Department
had been advised by experts
that the USSR could not send
volunteers to either Egypt or
Syria.
1t was only our action
through the United Nations
which forced the British
French Israelis into a corner.
Instead of showing us graft
tude, by adopting a moderate
policy, Nasser now remains
firmly in the Soviet camp.
We are trying to help out the
little kingdom of Jordan which
until the last year was relying
on British allowances to sur
vive. The intrigues Of Moscow
have induced the Amman gov
eminent to kick the British
out bodily. We are now offer
ing to increase our financial
assistance under the Point
Four program.
The Jordanian government
lays down its own conditions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
BIunders in the Middle East

that we raise the aid by 800
per cent and remove all super
vision of how our taxpayers
money is spent, The American
experts would be allowed in
Jordan only in a consultative
capacity.
Syria is in dire financial and
economic straits since its gov
eminent blew up the pipelines
which carried oil from Iraq
through its territory. This was
in reprisal for Britain's inva-
sion of the Suez. Yet Syria is
still unwilling to permit repair
of the lines because the USSR
wants the oil from Iraq to be
withheld from Europe and the
subverted Syrian government
wants to please Moscow.
Soviet subversive penetra-
ton is making itself strongly
felt even among the nations
of the Baghdad pact such as
Iraq and Iran. Their govern
ments are doing their best to
fight this off. But the skill
full Communist agents who
know where and how to spend
their gold are denting the anti
Communist armor.
Moscow was definitely scared
when the Hungarian people
rose against the Communist
tyranny. For the first time
since the early days Of the in
vasion of Russia by Hitler, the
Kremlin felt shaky. 1t took
a calculated risk when it or
dered Is divisions to Hungary
to suppress the rebelling work.
ers.
According to neutral diplo-
mats in the Red capital, there
was obvious fear in Moscow
that the free world would re-
taliate and adopt at least moral
and economic sanctions. The
same feeling prevailed in the
capitals of the satellite coun-
tries. but there was hope
among the peoples of Ro-
mania, Bulgaria, Czechoslo-
vakia, East Germany and Po-
land. Nothing happened.
The immediate effect was
that Poland which had started
on the road to independence
from Moscow is now back in
the fold.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Economic and Military Alliances

Thus the U. N. concept Of
world peace operates to dis
arm those who renounce war
or fear its risks in favor of
those who do not renounce it
and dare its risks, without
creating any protective sub
stitute.
In such a world, military
alliances have an almost ethe-
real quality. They assume that
a powerful enemy can be de-
TERED by weapons that will
be employed only in limited
cases and with U. N. consent
or In an atomic war with
guided missiles--possibly too
late. if they are ever employed
at all.
Thus. while Israel, France
and Britain were engaged in
warning against a weak Mid
die Eastern state and forced
by world opinion to retreat.
Russia, taking advantage of
the diversion of the Suez VEN
ture. assassinated an integral
part of Europe under the very
nose of NATO which dared
not raise a finger in Hun
gary's behalf
Even in countries engrossed
in their own interests, and
largely indifferent to Hun
gary's fate. this is noted. The
question is asked. IF the
NATO states will not defend
the West, at what point will
they defend anyone else? II
they will not risk war with
the Russians for Budapest. for
passionately European men,
bers Of their own religion and
civilization. will they risk it
for anyone but themselves?"
The Hungarian tragedy,
though it has dealt great
blow against Communism in
the West. appears as a sign
of Western weakness in coun-
tries who regardless of ideolo-
gies are assessing relative
power and the will to use It.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Inaugural announcer And here's the the Esen
takes the field for half Repubcans-6o
Democrats-30. Taxpayers-o."
There's Inauguration visitor told Treasury
Secretary Humphrey he looked sound dollar Humphrey
turned pale-and rang for a doctor.
Judging by newsmen excluded from the ceremony kes
private oath yesterday wasn't the only uttered
Washington
Russia and Red China to defend the Middle East No
wonder King Saud coming to America The desert will be
full of defenders might we'll pitch his tent
in Times Square,
Republicans pick National chairman. The ideal
fellow who knows everybody in the pary-and willing to
in public with at least half Of them.
es second Inauguration that old soldiers die
They just crusade away.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
Sociological and Psychological Views
Considered Vital, Too, in AIDING Peace

LAHORE, Pakistan.-A sec
ond generalization I would
make from this journey is
that America tends to see
every problem in economic or
military strategical terms,
largely disregarding the So
Observation-Disclosures
When, for instance, we
think of settling the Middle
Eastern problem" we think in
terms Of regional economic
development that, being ma
terially beneficial to all con-
cerned, would persuade rivals
and enemies to lay aside their
fears and grievances. as
though the lion will lie down
With the lamb if only the
places where they both rove
are irrigated by a mutual hy-
droclcctric project!
In this we disregard sub
conscious forces that are far
more powerful than the con-
scious, rooted as they are in
history. legend, folklore, Gull
lures, aesthetics. religion, Ia
boos, and completes growing
out of past victories and de-
feats. triumphs and humilia-
tions. feelings of inferiority
and superiority. These far
more than considerations Of
reason make people. individ-
ually and en- masse. behave
the way they do.
Pakistan, as a nation and a
state is utterly irrational in
terms of geography, econom-
les, or even race and language.
But it is completely real.
The Arab-lsraeli struggle is
irrational within the same
terms of reference. But the
disinherited children of 1sh-
mael and Esau (the Arabs
have been fighting 1t out with
the children of Isaac and ia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
DAvID EAWNENSE
War Threat Is Constant Plaque

On March 4. 1888. when
Franklin D. Roosevelt was in
augurated, >Adolph Hitler had
already become dictator in
Germany a few weeks before.
Then the sequence of events
began that led to World War
II. Italy invaded Ethiopia.
The League of Nations fall
tered. Hitler seized Austria
and then Czechoslovakia. The
Spanish civil war-beginning
in July, 1886 - saw Com
munists and Communists
from other countries particle
pating on opposite sides. In
November, 1886. Italy, Ger
many and Japan formed a
military alliance which was
to be broken up only after the
worst war in all history. Mr..
Roosevelt was inaugurated in
1887 as the world was moving
toward a global conflict. Japan
began her war against China
that same year. America &C.
tered World War II in 1941,
and suffered more than mil
lion casualties
The world crisis continued
as President Truman took over
in 1945. He was inaugurated
in 1949 in the midst of des-
perate efforts to save Europe
from economic collapse. Also
IL nations. including the
United States. organized the
NATO alliance. Just 10
months after his inauguration
came another crisis in the Far
East as America found herself
sending more than 100000
boys to participate in the
bloody war in Korea started by
the Communists.
The clamor for peace-for
some device to persuade ma
tions to refrain from fighting
each other in war-has contin-
ued throughout the decades.
1t is reflected in the policies Of
President Eisenhower as ex-
pressed in his inaugural ad-
dresses in 1853 and 1857.
But the world still moves to-
ward more crises-now in the
Middle East and in eastern Eu-
rope. This happens because
politicians muddy the waters
as busy people. lazy people,
people unaware Of the facts of
history, and people who do
know the facts but are afraid
to stand up for principle-pre-
ferring instead to abandon
moral principle for appease-
ment-do not support the Ell
forts of their own government.
here or in Britain and France.
when it does seek to be reso-
lutte and to make the indispen-
sable preparations that must
be made to deter an attack by
an aggressor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21

cob (IsraeD since, sprung
from the same loins, they be-
gan their mutual history as
recorded in the Book of Gene
sis.
Or we speak of imposing
peace" upon this troublesome
area, when it should be pat
ent that no peace can be i'm
posed" except by implicit
readiness to go to war, or by a
common Russian and Western
decision.
At the same time, the U. N.
charter outlaws war except in
national self defense, which
rules out preventive wars. and
legalizes punitive expeditions
only'when undertaken by u. N.
agreement.
Such agreement has been
had only in cases where one
state or combination of states
has launched q direct military
attack upon another Korea,
Suezl. U. N. intervention. as
in the Palestinian war, has
resulted in cease fires without
reconciliation - i.e., without
peace.
A U. N. military force might
prevent the outbreak of armed
hoStilities. But it could not
enforce peace.
We are in a world where
war, the perennial means OF
imposing settlements, has been
ruled out, largely by its ami
hilative probabilities, without
any substitute having beer
found.
Britain and France withdrew
from Suez, with a large part
Of the British public demand.
ing 1t. Israel, as write. ha;
not withdrawn wholly from
Sinai or GAIA. the Soviet
Union did not cease and desist
in Hungary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
DAVID LAWRENCE

1naugurations come and in
augurations go-but wars or
threats of war seem to go on
forever. Every administration
since the turn of the century
has been deeply engrossed in
the problem of war-either
through the participation of
American troops or through
efforts at disarmament and
the prevention of enlarged
conflicts at arms.
This is the tragic story ever
since William Mckinley was
inaugurated President on
March 4, 1901, even as Amer
lean forces were still in Cuba
and the Philippines and at
other outposts in the Pacific
following the Spanish-Amer-
lean War of 1898.
On March 4. 1905. when
President Theodore Roosevelt
was inaugurated, the war be-
tween Russia and Japan was
raging. 1t was settled through
the Intervention of the Presi-
dent with peace treaty signed
at Portsmouth. New Hamp-
shire. in September, 1905.
Then in 1907 a peace con-
ference of AZ nations met at
the Hague and talked about
a world court but got nowhere.
On March 4. 1909, when Will
liam Howard Taft was inaugu-
rated there was a delicate sit
uation with Japan as Tokyo
and Washington officials had
been jockeying for better bal
ance of interests in the Far
East. There were troubles in
Latin America. too, and soon
American Marines were land
ing in Nicaragua. Interven-
ton by the United States in
Mexico was threatened in 1911
as a large part of our army
was modified in Texas.
On March 4, 1918. Wood
row Wilson was inaugurated.
1t was just a few weeks after
President Madero of Mexico
had been assassinated and Vic
torian Huerta, the dictator,
came to power-an event that
was to be followed by the
seizure of Vera Cruz by Ameri-
can military forces in order to
forestall an attempt by a Ger
man ship to supply arms to
Huerta through that port.
Within II months World War
I broke out.
On March 4. 1917. Woodrow
Wilson took his oath of Office
privately on Sunday and was
publicly inaugurated the next
day in the midst of a crisis
that this correspondent de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-01-21
Every New President Since Mckinley
Has Faced the Same Old Problem

scribed at the time in his dis
patch as follows:
There is no disposition this
time, as four years ago. to pro-
long the merry-making. 1t is
a time too serious for recrea-
ton, for somehow the burden
of the man who is the center
of all the celebration is too
keenly appreciated. A danger
Gus international situation i'm
ponds. 1t cannot be got out of
mind. Wherever the groups of
politicians, state officials, or
congressional folk gather. the
topic is ever: What will the
President do about the arming
of all ships, an extra session.
and international affairs gen.
erally?"
The answer came just 80
days later when the President
asked Congress to ratify a
state of war" with Germany.
On March 4. 1921. Warren
Harding was inaugurated Pres
ident and he called a disarma-
ment conference of the major
powers concerned with the
Pacific in an effort to stabi-
lie conditions in that area.
Limitation of naval armament
was agreed to along with sew
eral treaties pledging mutual
consultation. There was a pact
to bar the use of poison gas
and submarine warfare. Mean
while in Europe. France and
Belgium soon moved troops
into the Rhineland to enforce
the payment of German repa-
rations.
On March 4, 1925, President
Coolidge was inaugurated after
having succeeded to the Office
at the death of President Hard
ing in August 1923. The period
was marked by efforts to get
universal approval of the Kel-
logg-Briand treaty to out
law" wars Of aggression. But
while 81 nations signed it,
nothing was pledged by any
country as to what action
would be taken if an agrees
sor did start a war.
On March A. 1929, Herbert
Hoover was inaugurated Presi-
dent. He strove for world
peace and sent American dele
gates to Geneva for an inter-
national conference on limiting
ornaments. But the confer
ence failed. In 1881 Japan
moved into Manchuria and
Secretary of State Stimson in
vain called upon Britain and
the other powers of the world
to denounce the aggression and
do something about it. But
the effort failed and the ag-
gressor went unchecked.
Milford chronicle., 1957-08-30
Sussex Schools Are
Ready For Opening
(cnntinned frnm maze anal

continued from page one)
the first exchange teacher on the
faculty of the Georgetown School.
He is living at the home of Joseph
Stoeckel on S. Bedford ST. He will
teach languages.
The Milton School has secured
Clarence Gill, Martinsburg, w. Va.
as music teacher to succeed Lem
uel Evans, head of the Sussex
County Choral Society, who has
taken the vocal music post at
Georgetown. The Milton School has
also just announced the appoint
ment of Miss Anna Hauden, Reho-
both, as fourth grade teacher, TAX
ing the place of Mrs. Rosalie Cline,
who has gone to Lincoln. AS an ex-
ira teacher, Mrs. DOrthy Jones,
Milton, has been hired for the
fourth and fifth grades.
The Georgetown School still
lacks an art teacher and the Lord
Baltimore School at Ocean View,
needs high school science teach
er who will be an additional teach
er and not a replacement.
The Millsboro School and the
John M. Clayton School, serving
the Frankford-Dagsboro area, both
have completed their faculties for
the ensuing year.