davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

Within the past few weeks
there has seemed-and still
seems "a reasonably close
prospect that our foreign poll
icies concerning the problems
with which we are confronted
in the Middle East and else
where easily could bring us
into the third and most ter
rible Of all wars. Almost
without warning, and certainly
without desire, we could be
plunged into a titanic struggle
for existence which will leave
those who survive living in
an utterly wrecked world.
This has so often been stated
that 1t no longer seems as
dreadful as at first when the
facts were presented. Probably
this is largely due to the fact
that the warnings Of ultimate
disaster were so often made
and so tremendously depicted
that their failure to material
lie may have made us imper-
vious to the possibilities-even
when they have ecome
probabilities.
World Totters On
In brief. they 60 right up to
the brink and then some
thing, somehow. someway, al
ways occurs by which the I'LL
innate calamity is averted and
civilization in its feeble way
somehow totters on. In some
ways today. this notion, nebu-
louS as it is. appears the most
solid thing to which we cling.
True. there are violent criti-
cisms of our present policies.
They seem to come from all
directions and to be uttered
with great force and 11uency.
Nevertheless, when one comes
to analyZe the attacks they
seem to leave a number of i'm
portant questions unanswered
even untouched. For ex-
ample, think Of those who
stimulated the last world war
where they are now and how
they came out Of it-Hitler,
MuSsolini. Japan. Italy, Ger
many-all the aggressor ma
tons. all the aggressor leaders.
Where are they now? To whom
do they matter now? 1t does
seem that the answer to these
questions is the surest insur-
ance against war. Yet, here
are the two greatest of all
nations frantically building up
vast ornaments at almost in
conceivable expense to prepare
for a war that may never
come.
Yet, what else is there to
do? To go unprepared is
absurd; to be less than fully
prepared is to invite attack
and. with our past experiences
OF what crazy men can do, no
one wants to invoke unneces-
sary risk. So. considering all
the circumstances, it does APP
pear that this ridiculous situa-
ton Of the two greatest nations
Of the world preparing in the
most costly possible way for a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
SPIRES OF THE SPIRIT
The Hiqh Cost of Jun1n1inq
By DIR. FREDERICK BROWN HARRIS
Chaplain Of the United states Senate

The Soviet Unions greatest
confession Of its inherent
weakness, Of its haunting fear,
Is its tanning program. 1t
spends vast sums to keep its
enslaved people from hearing
the peals Of our Liberty Bell.
The cost of stopping freedom S
broadcasts is astronomical.
Rather than expose their
people under the iron heel of
Recommendation TO the revela-
tons Of the free way of life,
they jam the disclosures
which on the speaking air
would reach the ears and
minds of their duSed victims.
While America bubbles about
whether certain expenditures
for this global war to the
death can be afforded it is
estimated that between three
and four billion dollars a year
is being poured out to keep
Russia's teemlng millions from
hearing what the Voice of
America has to say.
The Krcmlin masters know
full we'll that. as the New Tes-
lament declares, 1t is the truth
that makes men free. The one
thing which these despots fear
Is the faith by which America
lives. Hence the iron curtain.
The fundamental fact is that
in the contemporary world
wide struggle the slave system
which stems from the Xremlin
conspiracy is based upon pal
pable economic and ethical
falsehoods. and that the free
system. based for instance on
the truth of that immortal
Declaration about all men
being endowed by their Gre
ator with certain inalienable
rights, rests upon eternal
veritieS.
With no spirit of vainglory,
We proclaim that we have the
truth which makes men free.
To be sure we have this treas
ure in earthen vessels. But
we have this treasure.
The most devastatingly ex-
plosive thing in the world is
spiritual truth. AS Americans
we believe that the two great
est events Of the centuries are
the birth of Christ. which broke
the ages in two, and the birth
OF America which is the death
warrant for all sorts OF slav-
cry. Nowhere else in human
history have political docu-
ments embodied the Christian
idea Of human dignity as the
Declaration Of independence
and the Constitution Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

be silent about the fact that
oppressed humans desire lib
erty and self-determination?
Oddly enough, the editorial
saw the light on February %.
a day commemorating the
birth of a man who did so
much to provide our Nation
with freedom and the rest Of
the world with an eternal in
spiration.
This is what you label "a
family quarrel" and super
emotional kind of feuding"
and you worry that it will
damage the free Western
world and NATO and that it
will please the Kremlin. Yes,
1t will. as long as 1t remains a
feud, because the Kremlin is
notorious for its love Of
feuds and for creating them
when there are none. But the
Kremlin also abhors free
dom and-I remind you again
that is the goal OF the
Cypriots and the real issue.
The Western world need
not fear. In its history many
times has the birth OF a ma
ton or the resurrection Of en-
shaved people followed an
arduous labor and we seem to
be all the stronger for it.
We have drawn strength from
such events as the Magma
Carta. the Declaration OF In
dependence and the Atlantic
Charter Cby the way, does not
the latter apply to CyprusO
and they were the results Of
difficult times and OF the toll
OF courageous and wise men.
1t is not in keeping with
our past to cast a myopic and
fearful eye around and let the
surface OF a matter conceal the
heart OF 1t. 1t is not in keep
ing with our expectations to
watch your editorial writer's
shy away and utter a few
frugal hopes from q timid
corner. T. r. A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Last of the Dreodnouqhts

The colorful era in British seapower
which began half century ago with the
launching OF Inns Dreadnought, first of
the big-gun battleships, is nearing an
end The passing of the mighty dread
noughts, as subsequent capital ships
came to be known in the British Navy,
was predicted recently by the Earl OF
Selkirk, First Lord Of the Admiralty, dur
ing a tour Of naval establishments. AS
matter Of fact, even the latest and
greatest of Britain's battleships, the Inns
Vanguard, has been relegated to the role
OF an accommodation ship" for the
commanding officer and staff OF the re-
serve fieet-an ignominious fate for the
finest OF the class Of British sea-fighters
of which the pioneer Dreadnought OF 1906
was the prototype.
The Admiralty like the American
Navy, now regards the aircraft carrier
as the backbone of the fleet. World War
II proved that airpower, both land-based
and carrier-ba had outmoded the
battleship. Our own Navy was about to
lay up the last of our battleships after
World War II, but the outbreak of the
Korean War brought decision to keep
several Of the big ships In commission
They fought effectively as bombardment
bases off the Korean coast, providing
artillery cover for our troops as they
withdrew along the shore under the pres
sure Of Chinese forces. In the subsequent
cold war our Navy has continued to keep
three battleships in service-the Iowa,
the Wisconsin and the New Jersey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
FIFTY YEARS AGO IN THE STAR

Birth Of the forerunners of
the oxygen tent and respira-
tor was reported in The Star
a half a century ago. On
March 4, 1907. in a story from
Norfolk, Va. The Star said:
Almost sightless and semi
paralyzed, Prof. George Poe,
living the life OF a recluse on
a backwoods farm in Norfolk
County. claims to have solved
the problem of raising the
dead by means Of his res
pirator, as he calls the ma
chine which he has invented
for the purpose. Tests of it
have already been made,
Smothered dogs and rabbits
being the subjects. In each
case the animal, after being
pronounced dead by the ply
sicians. was brought back to
life by Prof. Poe's device, and
soon afterwards was found
frolicking in the full Joy of
living. The inventor claims
that the machine will resusc-
ltate persons killed by as
phyxiation. poison or drown
ing: prevent death by an
aneSthetic while a patient is
being operated upon. prevent
infant asphyxia' at birth. make
drunken men sober in a few
minutes, revive men electro
cuted or hanged, the latter
only in cases where the neck
has not been broken; prevent
freezing to death even in the
Arctic. :" Prof. Poe's device
pumped oxygen into the lungs
of the victims.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

United States. Human free
dom is essentially a religious
concept. 1t dies without those
roots. Christianity does not
require democracy. but democ-
racy requires the revelations
of Christianity. 1t only re-
mains valid on hallowed
ground from which the spires
OF the spirit leap skyward,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
No Passion for Fashion

On February rs. The Star
reported at length on FASH
ions in cocktail suits for men.
It's intriguing to look for
ward TO the little number
called the "Bernini. AS /
get the picture. it's a double
breasted iridescent Dupont
silk jacket in Bernini copper
with a shawl collar and is
trimmed with Roman cuffs
and antique bone buttons. The
companion shirt is mushroom
pleated with lace trim on
bosom and cuffs. Our lower
half is TO be encased in slim
tapered black silk trousers
while our bunions are to be
squeezed by copper colored
pumps with matching bows.
All of this sartorial splendor
is ours for a mere $500 (plus
or minus.
There is no doubt that this
outfit would be a sensation on
the martini circuit. but / am
afraid I must enter a dissent
ing vote. There is no objection
to the iridescent jacket - the
old blue serge has already
achieved a certain distinctive
sheen over the past few years
but ! draw the line at
mushroomed. pleated and lace
trimmed masculine bosoms
with tor without Roman
cuffs and antique buttons.
The mere male can offer no
competition in this field and
there is no point in starting
a war unless you have some
chance OF winning. There also
is an objection to the slim
tapered trousers; the upper
part Of my lower half simply
will not go along with the
idea. It is physically impos-
sible TO pack a bucket Of lard
into a pint container. Now,
there are those copper COL
ored pumps with bows.
Frankly, my feet are nat and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Big Wages

Some District employees were
sad about their financial out
look so years ago. but a few
were happy. On March 6. 1907,
The Star reported; Although
the District appropriation bill
for l907-08 was disappointing
to a large number of District
Government employees in that
items providing for an in
crease in their salaries were
eliminated when the bill was
passed, it increased the pay Of
a half dozen or so and created
positions which give employ
ment to more than a hundred.
The more prominent District
officials who were favorably
considered in the appropria-
ton bill are Charles C. Rogers.
disbursing officer. increased
from $4,000 to $4,000; Marion
c. Hargrove, property clerk,
increased from $4,000 to ST.
500; 7. Larham. superintend-
ent OF parking. increased
from $1,000 TO $l,400; B.
Fletcher. coupon clerk, in
creased from 5000 to $1,000,
H. Pate, steam engineer, in
creased from 5000 to $1,000,
and M. Allen, clerk, increased
from $3.50 10 5000. -. :"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Cyprus and the u. NJ

Your recent editorial "Cy-
prus and the U. NJ" provokes
many thoughts. To begin with,
you summarize" the issue by
mentioning, in a rather casual
way. the claims of the parties
involved. But that is not the
issue. The real problem is
fundamental and 1t is down.
right appalling that the writer
OF your editorial makes not
the slightest mention OF It.
Has it not reached your ears
that the inhabitants Of Cyprus
are demanding their independ-
ence? Does IL not stir your
imagination and your feelings
that brave men are shedding
blood for the right to be free?
Isn't that an issue? Isn't that
the issue? How is II possible
TO summarize" the question
and confine your words to the
diplomatic theses and argu-
ments-some true. some false
of the powers in dispute md
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Married

A wedding Of note took place
so years ago. On February
81. 1907, The Star reported:
To-day at noon at the resi-
dence Of Col. and Mrs. Robert
I. Fleming. 1903 MaSsachu-
sets avenue. their daughter,
India Bell Vedder, became the
wife Of DR.. Don Luis F..
Corea, Minister OF Nicaragua.
A small company Of personal
friends was present at the
ceremony. A large recep-
ton followed. Minister and
Madame Corea left this after
noon for q honeymoon jaunt,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

cannot be called objects Of
beauty. Perhaps they should
be hidden, not highlighted.
There is one final objection
which should be decisive. and
that is the price tag. My wife
has been making noises like
a new spring outfit. and with
Easter Just around the corner
there is no doubt as to which
one of us will limp along in
his old blue serge with broad
beamed trousers) and on his
soleless shoes. However, there
is consolation, we can still go
window shopping and maybe
there's more pleasure in adj
than In being admired.
Angus Sinclair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Shy Type

The President himself APP
parently was more accessible
so years ago than at least one
member of his Cabinet. On
March 8, 1907. The Star re-
ported: Secretary Garfield OF
the Interior Department, whose
work as chief Of the bureau Of
corporations a short time ago
brought him into the public
eye as the embodiment of the
idea Of publicity, is losing that
well earned reputation among
Washington newspapermen.
For some reason Mr.. Garfield
has remained closely guarded
behind the heavy doors of the
Secretary's private Office ever
since he was sworn in as Sec
rotary Of the Interior last
week. 1t has been rumored
that Mr.. Garfield expressed
the wish to be let alone BY his
would-be friends who are con-
stantly inquiring about him.
Although, Of course. this has
hurt the feelings OF the scribes,
they have about decided to
carry out his wishes and leave
him forever in solitude. :"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry ,Driters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03

and upon their return to town
will take up their residence at
the Legation Of Nicaragua,
2003 o street. The ceremony
surrounding this latest Of
international marriages made
it easily one of the most
beautiful seen in the Capital
in many years. :"
Tragedy
A tremendous explosion
shook the naval arsenal at
Toulon. France. so years ago
when a ship blew up in the
harbor. On March IL. 1907.
The Star reported: "One of
the most terrible disasters in
French naval history occurred
in the dockyard at Toulon
today. when the battleship
lena blew UP at anchor. The
explosion was started by a
compressed air torpedo which,
exploding, set off the maya
zine of the warship. She was
filled with explosives. Two
hundred are thought to be
dead and 300 injured. Fur
ther explosions on the lena
occur every moment and
debris is flying over the dock
yard for a distance of 500
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-03-03
Diphtherio

The Nation was concerned
so years ago about an illness
in the First Family. Young
Archie Roosevelt was i'll with
diphtheria. But this cheering
news was reported in The Star
on March 10, 1907: The
physicians are greatly pleased
with the condition of Archie
Roosevelt. He continues to
show improvement and un-
officially the doctors believe
he is entirely out of danger.
Last night at $3.50 O'Clock Drs.
Lambert. Rixey, BREASTED and
Kennedy held a consultation
at the bedside Of the boy and
Is minutes later left the
White House. giving out the
following bulletin: Arches
throat is regaining its normal
appearance. He has been suf-
fering recently from some of
the sequelae OF diphtheria.
which have subsidized. At pres
ent he is in excellent condi-
ton. and there are no unfa-
vorable symptoms /"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18
diun-KiIIingFiIms
Criticized by Rhee

SEOUL. May 10 R.-Presi-
dent Syngman Rhee suggested
today people Of other countries
might like Americans more II
Hollywood would quit making
movies about cowboys killing
Indians.
The s2-year-old President. an
old friend Of the United States,
spoke at q ceremony remaining
the headquarters Of the United
States LIST Corps after Corpl.
Mitchell Red Cloud, jr.. Of
Komisky City. Wis. an American
Indian posthumously awarded
the Medal Of Honor for heroism
In the Korean war.
Mr.. Rhee called for an end
to "Indian-killing pictures" say
ing they helped the Communists
in their attempts to paint the
United States as q colonial
nation.
Mr.. Rhee and 1t. Gen. Arthur
@. Trudeau unveiled q plaque
in Corpl. Red Clouds memory.
Mr.. Rhee expressed "our senti-
ment and love for his spirit in
coming over to Korea and
giving his life for the cause of
Of men,"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18

Chief of the Imperial General
Staff (Sir Alan Brooke, now
Lord Alan Brooke) were right
and Franklin d. Roosevelt and
the Joint Chiefs of STAFF were
wrong. The British from the
start took a dim view of Chang
Kai-shek and warned us not to
place any faith in China as an
ally.
I'VE deluded ourselves into
believing that Chang and Mrs.
Chang were the Far Eastern
Franklin D. and Eleanor Roose-
welt and that China. with its
fabulously great population,
could be a powerful ally.
I'VE were wrong. dead wrong"
DR. Morrison. history professor
at Harvard and Pulitzer Prize
winner, was speaking in the Sec
ond In q series Of lectures on the
United States contribution to the
strategy Of war.
He said Japan's most serious
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18
u. S. Restuuruteurs
Arrive in Russia
For 2-Week Tour

MOSCOW, May 10 [R.-A
delegation Of six United States
restaurant operators and cater
ers has arrived in Moscow for q
two-week tour Of the Soviet
Union.
It is the first American group
to arrive since the United States
revoked the ban on United
States-Soviet exchanges imposed
after the Hungarian revolt last
fall.
The delegation is returning q
visit made TO the United States
last year by q group Of Soviet
caterers.
In the group are Col. Ralph
Banknight. chief Of the Food
Service Division Of the Army
Quartermaster Generals Once:
j. w. Marriott. president Of Hot
Shoppes. Inc, Washington,
d. c.: Ward Cloves, president OF
Cleves Food Service, Silver
Spring, Nd; Martin ]. Hardy,
president Of Hardy's Restau-
rants. Inc, Chicago; DR.. Donald
X. Tressler. scientific director OF
the Quartermaster Food and
Container Institute, Washington,
d. c.. and william L. MCKINLEY,
president Of Parkmore Restau-
rants. st. Louis, Mo.
They will visit Kiev and Len
ingrad as well as Moscow, in
specting restaurants and hotels
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18

miscalculation in the war was in
Understanding Americas power
of recuperation after its Pacific
battle fleet had been destroyed.
DR.. Morrison said the Japanese
warlords thought they could es-
tablish an impregnable defense
line running through Wake Is
land and the Marshalls around
Indonesia and to the borders of
India. e.
"They figured that we would
simply beat our heads against
their defensive barrier and be
ready to make peace on the basis
OF Japan's retaining ner' con-
quest UP to the international
date line" he said. They could
then proceed at leisure their con-
quest of China. when about half
the worlds population would be
under japanese control"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18
All Courts Closed
In Haiti Area as
ATTORNEYS Strike

PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti,
May 10 (R-Haiti's spreading
strike wave has hit the legal
profession. In this capital alone
some 200 lawyers quit court in
protest against a decree by the
ruling executive council.
Another IS attorneys struck
in the town Of Gonaives, ITO
miles northwest Of here, and all
courts were reported shut down
in the nearby community Of
ISaint-M Marc.
Similar strikes were reported
elsewhere over the councils
Iedict, which prohibits courts
from challenging the governing
body's authority. The decree
said the council. empowered to
rule pending presidential elec-
tons scheduled for June, would
arrest any judge who questioned
the legality Of the seven-man
body and bring him before a
special tribunal.
A government spokesman an
nounced last night that anti
government activities had ceased
in Haiti's rural areas. but a
general strike was still reported
Gripping Gonaives.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18
Ancient Village
is Unearthed

LONDON. May 10 R.-A viii
lage Of mudbrick houses dating
back to $500 BIC. has been un-
earthed in Biblical Jericho. an
English archeologist reported
last night.
Miss Kathleen Kenyon, direc-
tor Of the British School OF
Archaeology in Jerusalem, said
Jericho has produced evidence
lof a hitherto unsupported early
development toward civiliza-
ton"
The British school has been
excavating for the past five
Iyears-first on q town covering
eight acres of well-built houses
defended by a massive stone
wall.
THE carbon-l4 method OF
dating" she said. "has shown
that this town is as early as
about 5000 BIC.
I'm 1856 the excavations
showed that this town was pre-
ceded by q yet earlier one, OF
which the defenses consisted Of
q rock-cut ditch. and a great
stone wall. backed by a massive
stolid stone tower. in the heart
of which was a finely built
staircase.
THE 1857 excavations were
concerned with the house Of this
earlier town. They were found
to be solidly built Of mudbrick,
and to be unlike the later ones
in that they were circular in
plan. and slightly sunk below
the exterior surface.
THE earliest levels have moi
yet been reached. but one Of the
remarkable results of the 1851
excavations was to show that
the earlier houses are even more
substantial than the later ones
One Of the houses. by no means
the earliest found. can now be
dated to about $500 BIC.
That highly organized SET
Elements such as these should
exist ct such an early date is
completely revolutionary to pre-
vious ideas Of the beginnings Of
lcivilization
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-05-18
Arab REFUGEES

In his column New Sera-
jevo in Jordan crisis?". pub
lished on April rs. your coll
umnist. Constantine Brown is
completely wrong when he
writes that hundreds Of thou
sands Of Arabs were forced
out Of the country (IsraeD.
All the refugees moved across
the border into the little king
dom which in the past was
barely capable Of supporting
its own small population Of
nomads." The unfortunate
human beings who are today
known as the Arab refugees"
were not forced out" but left
at the behest Of their own
Arab leaders. The Jewish
agency for Palestine, which
was preparing itself to become
the provisional government Of
Palestine" was at that time
making its plans on the un-
derstanding that the Arab in
habitants Of the area to be-
come Israel would remain as
full citizens Of the State of Is
rael.. Indeed. Israel's Declara-
ton Of independence contains
an appeal to the Arabs of Is
rael and the neighboring coun-
tries to cooperate in living in
peace with the new state for
the well-being and develop
ment Of the whole Middle East
area.
Furthermore, the refugees
did not go into q little King
DOM" Those who moved east
wards into the area controlled
by the King Of Transjordan
went into q country which
was at that time in the pro-
cess Of swallowing up the
larger part Of an area origin
ally intended to be an in
dependent Arab state. linked
economically not with Trans
jordan but with the newly-es-
tablished Jewish state.
II. Y. Orge1.
Information Attache.
Embassy Of Israel