davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-07

ing on the Washington home
rule problem.
The subcommittee, headed by
Senator Clark, Democrat Of
Pennsylvania, has scheduled the
public hearing for 10 a IN. July 8.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-07

We like the vacation mood. oil ssoson re-
Ioxed but spirited clothes to slip into the minute
you've leisure hour /. play foshons gently
priced, here OF Woodward & Lotnroo.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-06-07
Motion Is AdOpted

A motion was passed unani-
mously to petition the District
Commissioners to adopt q policy
with respect to the Eastern Mar
ket that will give stability to its
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
Board Negotiutes
For New Building

The District Unemployment
Compensation Board is neeo-
tiating with the General Serv-
ices Administration over pro-
posed construction of a build
ing to house board Offices.
The District Commissioners,
at the boards request. last
week agreed to aid the board in
seeking GSA cooperation.
The employment body now
uses space in the District
owned Ford Building, 451
Pennsylvania avenue NV,
which city officials said they
would like to use for other
purposes.
A spokesman said the pro-
posed building would be built
entirely from funds Of the
board. which are separate from
those Of the District Govern
ment. The project will be sub
mitted to Congress at the next
session. the Commissioners
we're told.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
DORIS FLEEsoN

Because of Little Rock, the
Eisenhower administration is
prevented from helping State
Senator Ted Dalton. Repub-
icsn candidate for Governor
Of Virginia. but it is begin
ming to appear that Senator
Dalton is performing a
valuable service for the adj
ministration.
Gov. Oryal Faubus Of
Arkansas is annoying but
hardly in the Presidents
class as a political heavy
weight. Observers here realize
that Mr.. Eisenhower's big
headache with indignation
will come across the river in
Virginia, where United States
Senator Harry F. Byrd is
trumpeting massive resist
ance. He is formidable by
reason Of his standing with
the conservative press and
his Senate committee power
over the financial and mill
tary policies Of the admins
tration.
Senator Dalton's persistent
attacks on what he calls the
massive fraud" Of massive
resistance has shaken the
seemingly solid Byrd founda-
tons at home. The more
trouble Senator Dalton can
make at the rear. Of course.
the better It will be for the
President when he has to
confront Virginias defiance.
Mr.. Dalton's thesis is that
while indignation is bad. 1t
Is worse 70 deceive Virginians
into thinking they can null
lily the Supreme Courts de-
cree. He has called instead
for a pupil assignment plan
based on considerations
other than race. such as
North Carolina is now using
with apparent success.
His campaigning has
wrung from his Byrd-picked
rival for GOVERNOR. Lind
say Almond, jr.-an acknowl-
edgment that there would
be some enforced integra-
ton" in Virginia. This APP
parent heresy prom pity
brought a table-pounding
roar from Senator Byrd that
he stands solidly for massive
resistance.
Mr.. Almond has swallowed
hard and said his remarks
had been gifted out Of con-
text" In the well-known
Observation-Disclosures style, he
blamed editors. not reporters.
Then he pounded the table,
too. and cried that he would
fight as long as he possibly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
No Time for Business as Usual

Il is necessary for the
President Of the Ur1bed
States in concert with the
Defense Department TO
establish a priority system
for weapons development and
to embark on q crash pro-
gram utilizing all of the
talents available. The record
shows there Is a definite cor
relation between scientific
breakthrough and effort. All
programs now under way,
such as the much-talked-
about atomic power pro-
grams, for peaceful uses
which do not contribute to
our national defense and
which utilize men and money
must be temporarily laid
aside or drastically curtailed.
Now is the time TO put first
things first, since 1t will be
small comfort to the Amer
lean people If the day email
~ arrives when we have the
highest standard of living but
the Communists are in a
position to destroy us.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
DORIS FLEEsoN
D0Iton's Campaign in Virginia

time for q change theme. !"
Senator Dalton got IS per
cent Of the vote for Gov
ernor. Now President Eisen-
hover. though he twice car
ried Virginia, himself. is q
handicap. and Republican
headquarters dare not even
slip some loose change into
State @. o. p. Golfers.
With great courage and
dignity. Senator Dalton has
continued TO campaign. BY
Northern standards. he is
not liberal or even moderate.
but he Is talking sense as he
sees 1t and ne remains un-
daunted by the Byrd legend.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09

@What viii the Russians
think Of us?" has become q
watchword In American af-
fairs. and lately the Moscow
press itself--ignoring the So
viet's own segregation prac-
tices--has been pointing its
barhs ct Americas racial
troubles in the schools Of
Arkansas.
But the real criticism that
has been voiced in scholarly
circles in Soviet Russia is
against what is termed the
dictatorial function of the
Supreme Court Of the United
StateS--the right of q judi
cial oligarchy to interpret
statutes as 1t pleases. :
Typical Of these comments
is the caustic analysis made
OF the Supreme Court Of the
United States in the monu-
mental work Of the late
Andrei ViShinsky-once So
Wet Deputy Foreign Minister
but more famous for his
career as a jurist. His book,
The Law of the Soviet
State" published by the Mac
. MILAN Company of New York
in cooper alton with the
American Council Of Learned
Societies. is the fundamental
textbook of the universities
and law schools in Soviet
Russia. It was selected for
translation primarily because
it Is the basis Of most Of the
legal argument and mode Of
thinking which Americans
encounter in their discussions
with representatives Of the
Soviet Union. Here is what
Mr.. VishinSky wrote during
the course of his analysis OF
the legal systems of various
countries:
In bourgeois countries the
right to interpret statutes is
in most cases appropriated to
organs not responsible to par
lament. Thus. in the United
States Of America. accord
ing TO the theory Of so-called
separation of powers the
courts are granted the right
to interpret statutes or. in
simple words. to control acts
Of Congress in respect OF their
conformity with the mean
ing Of the Constitution. II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
DAVID LAWRENCE
Soviet Critic of Supreme Court

correct the error OF q SUI
preme Court decision.
Just the other day Stanley
Reed, retired justice Of the
Supreme Court Of the United
States and one Of the nine
who handed down the de
segregation" decisions Of
1854, made q speech before
the California State Bar Assoc
citation In which he outlined
the remedies against q wrong
decision by the Supreme
Court Of the United States.
He indicated clearly that such
a decision Is not necessarily
the final word. and declared:
The civil rights decisions
Of the Supreme Court have
called forth harshly worded
criticism. The objections pro-
coed chiefly from those whose
judicial philosophy differs
from that OF the court ma
joritieS. But criticism Is one
thing that the First Amend
ment does not forbid. Fortu-
nately. wrong decisions are
not irremediable. The over
ruling of constitutional deci-
Sions when their error be-
comes apparent is essential"
Justice Reed went on to
say there Is nothing new in
such criticism Of the Supreme
Court. and he quoted Thomas
Jefferson. Andrew Jackson
and Abraham Lincoln. In his
first inaugural address, Lin
coin said:
while 1t Is obviously pos
sible that such decision tof
the Supreme Court may be
erroneous in any given case.
still the evil effect following
1t. being limited TO that par
ticular case. with the chance
that 1t may be overruled and
never become a precedent
for other cases. can better
be borne than could the evils
OF . different practice.
Yet there are those who
insist that whatever the Su-
preme Court says is final and
irrevocable and is the law
Of the land" instead Of the
law Of the case" What Amer
leans need TO know is more
about their own institutions
and the weaknesses thereof
as viewed by our own states
men in history as well as by
JuriStS abroad.
Reproduction Rishts RsseFvsdD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Crash Program on Scientific Weapons
Believed Necessary Step for U.S..

Russia's successful launch
ing Of q space satellite Is
further confirmation OF two
fundamental facts which the
American people had better
reflect upon.
First, this is another DEM
onstration OF the inability Of
the West to make any agree
ment with the Soviets which
they will honestly fulfill.
This Is the international
Geophysical Year. Accord
ing to international agree
ments. all nations were to
pool their information and
make public disclosures on
the development of various
projects. one of which was
a space satellite.
The United States, as usual,
has published in minute de-
tail the progress which we
have been making on the
space satellite. The Com
mllnists never revealed any
information on their program
until the instrument could
be launched and used for
political and scientific prop
uganda against the West.
Knowing full well the diff
ficulties Of tracking q satel-
lite Of this type. and knowing
that the scientific instru-
ments OF, the West were de-
signed to track on a certain
frequency. the Russians. for
reasons Of their own. utilized
another frequency which to
a large degree made the
Western instruments ineffec-
tive.
Handling Of the satellite
launching is another instance
Of Russian duplicity, an
other indication that those
who place any confidence in
Russian agreements are invit-
ing bitter disappointment.
The second and most omi-
nous conclusion. however. is
more fundamental. While
We have been talking. the
Russians were working.
There exists in this country
a group who believe in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
Republicans Fight Against Byrd Viewed
AS Aiding Eisenhower Administration

could within the framework
Of the law.
This party patchwork is
expected to survive election
DAY. There is hardly. time
for the Supreme Court 10
rule before then on several
Virginia cases and so con-
front the voters with the
alternative Of closing its
schools.
But the exchange holsters
Senator Daltons view that
Mr.. Almond actually has lit
tie taste for the Byrd doc
trine Of utter defiance of the
Supreme Court. Senator Dali
ton now Is pounding hard on
the theme that Mr.. Almond
is "mired in contradiction"
Until Little Rock. it was
felt that Senator Dalton's
campaign would give Repub-
lican moderation a chance to
show whether it could func-
ton usefully in the South.
But the emotions churned
up between the rioters and
the barred bayonets Of the
Army paratroopers dimmed
the prospect.
Four years ago. with the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

II inclined think the Reds have bested us Just
because they have basketball spinning in the air
frst-class golf course in Russia
The White House accuses Gov. Faubus OF complete
vulgary" This is the ultimate weapon-maktnR Faubus
look words up in the dictionary
Russian slogan in the United Nations I'VE say but nix
We got sputniks!"
The Russian satellite doesn't 80 "beep-beep ali the time
Over the Pentagon it goes. "heh-heh"
Gov. Faubus sadly cycling the iOlst Arborne Divi-
sion in Little Rock concede TO Ike: You fustest
with the hundred and fustest"
operator-of-the-year The street motorman who
when asked which end should get on replies
that both ends stop at the time.
Speaking OF satellites: of the Transfers Is
retiring ON a $5OOOO-a-year pension
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09

supremacy of western
science. They would have
the people think that the
Russians are limited in their
capability for scientific and
archaeological progress. This
group has constantly opposed
any form of secrecy in Amer
lean science. 1t has advo-
Gated publication and dis
tribution Of our accomplish
ments under the theory that
secrecy and scientific prog
ress were irreconcilable.
We have been telling
everything the Russians
have been telling nothing.
The SovietS have the most
oppressive policy system in
the world. Yet, the EVIL
dence Of their scientific prog
gress carried out with the
utmost of secrecy is before
our eyes. They have made
atomic bombs, jet aircraft.
guided missiles and now an
earth satellite. If the
Soviets have not overtaken
the Western world in these
fields. 1t must be admitted
that they are very close to
doing so. In fact. the hard
cold truth is that the de-
velopment OF Soviet tech
nology in weapons could con-
ceivably threaten our ma
tional survival.
Even the most optimistic
scientists admit that the
launching Of the Soviet
satellite demonstrates that
the Russians possess a ms
sile far superior TO any which
We now have available. 1t
is necessary. therefore, that
we revise some Of our theor-
les of scientific development.
We can no longer afford
the luxury Of dissipating our
scientific talents on the pro-
duction Of consumer goods
and the many frills and COM
forts to which we have be-
come accustomed. The de-
velopment Of weapons sys-
TENS cannot be done on q
business as usual" basis.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
Andrei Vishinsky Quoted in Book
As Criticixinq Supremacy Of Rulings

q statute or q single para
graph thereof Is admitted TO
be in conflict with the Con-
stitution. II Is declared un-
constitutional. and therefore
imperative. by the court, and
no rights can for the future
be based upon It. Thus. the
rights of the Supreme Court
are opposed to the rights of
the Congress representing
the will of the people
I'm the United States Of
America neither the Con-
stitution nor the laws OF
Congress. but the interpreta-
tons and constructions Of
statutes by the Supreme
Court, are IN fact--in most
matters--the operative rule.
Constitutional control by the
Supreme Court Of the United
States thus in fact creates
new legislation.
Moreover. 1t must be noted
that judges opposed to Con-
greSs are nominated by the
President. with the assent
only Of the Senate; the House
Of Representatives has no
part in the appointment of
judges.
In the Soviet Union, its
own Supreme Court has
purely judicial functions. with
no power to interpret the
Constitution or statutes. The
final power Of legislation. in
depreciation and constitu-
tional amendment Is in the
Presidium Of the Supreme
Soviet. a group Of 81 mem
bers elected by the Soviet
Parliament. Mr.. Vishinsky
contends that the people,
therefore. directly control
their own destiny. One could
argue with him that the Pre-
sidium Is . dictatorship and
only theoretically responsible
to the people. But the answer
any Soviet scholar probably
would give today is that in
America nine men. constitu-
ting q judicial dictatorship.
set forth the supreme law
Of the land" and the people
have nothing TO say about
1t except through the long
and cumbersome process Of
amending the Constitution to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-10-09
D. c. Examinations Set
For Service Academies

Examinations for appoint
ments to the Military. Navy
and Air Force academies have
been scheduled for December
10 and IL by the District Com
missioners.
Unmarried youths between II
and % may obtain application
blanks from Godfrey NJ. Thor
nett. secretary to the Commits
sioners. in the District Build
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08

enthusiastic about CARE and
don't let me forget about it,
even II ! wanted to.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
BY BETH BLAIR

News from Paris tells us
that hemlines are going up.
Meanwhile. however. what
ever the fashionable average
length. there are tiny differ
ences in proper hem length.
depending on your figure and
the shape Of the skirt. A
reader writes
Length Question:: / would
like help in determining the
proper length for my clothes.
They never feel quite right.
] am 5 feet 2 inches tall.
size 9.
Should a fitted coat be the
same length as a boxy polo
coat? Should a sheath be the
same length as a full-skirted
dress? How much shorter
should a slip be than the
dress?
In general. q full skirt
should be a tiny bit shorter
than a straight one. especially
for the petite woman.
You'll be sure to see, how
ever. that your coat hens are
all at least u inch longer
than dress hens.
For this reason, I'd suggest
that your polo coat hem
strikes the widest portion Of
your calf. A fitted, presum-
ably flared coat might be q
fraction Of an inch shorter.
Your sheath dresses might be
one half inch shorter than
the polo coat; fiared skirts an
inch shorter. Il hope you're
not wearing them too fuIl--a
slight flare is better for the
small woman.)
Petticoats can be worn an
inch shorter than skirts.
Washable Question:
! bought a dress earlier
this summer which the sales
girl told me was washable
Swatch enclosed. When ]
ironed it. I found that the
white figures ran. and I
realized then that they we're
not woven into the fabric, but
painted on. In your opinion
is this fabric washable?
What can ! do?
The fabric is washable, but
the white figures flake of
readily, and would not with
stand many washings. AS
you have discovered, they
will not withstand ironing.
Take your dress back to the
store that sold 1t TO you. and
speak to the buyer. Since
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
Finding the Answers
To Fashion Questions

the dress has been mis-
presented as washable. the
store should make an adjust
ment.
hA
II you like fats wear them
but be sure that you wear
them with appropriate OUT
fits. A reader writes
About Flats:
] am is years old, flve feet
six inches tall and have an
average figure. I like to wear
fats most Of the time and
heels for dressy occasions.
May flats be worn with
sheath dresses? I have q few
sheaths that aren't very
dressy.
Flats are perfectly iine
with simple. tailored sheaths
in cotton, linen. wool or
synthetics that resemble these
fabrics. Don't however. wear
fats with fussy. cocktail type
sheaths. in silks, velvet or
other dressy fabrics.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08

power IN the Mouse e Dep
uties. There IL also . woman
on the bench Of Turkeys
highest court. Nor do women
exercise their freedom only
IN the cities.
1.-THE mother-in-law Of Z
friend Of mine Is muhtar
(head councilman In her
village" says Mary Howard.
Nine. vedide Pars. who &C.
companied the President Of
Turkey and Nine. Bayar
twho. incidentally. was edu-
Gated to be q schoolteacher)
on their trip to the United
States IN 1854. was director
Of Gazi Teachers College
when Mary Howard first
went there. A close. friend
Of Nine. Bayar. Nine. ParS
has Q fan in Mary Howard.
II always said I wouldn't
want to work for Q woman,
but I'd work for her for pea
nuts" she says.
Loves Turkish Food
When asked about Turkish
food, Mrs. Critchell exclaima
Il love It. I'm wild about It.
But It's hard to watch your
calories."
And as for her own Prov
ess with the exotic dishes,
she says I'm learning"
Mary Howard Is most Inn
pressed by the warm recep-
ton that Americans receive
in Turkey. She feels that
the Turks are 100 per cent
sincerely pro-American.
This may be partly be-
cause they are 30 very anti
Russian and always have
been. And they also feel
that we are sincere In trying
to help them"
To sum up her feelings
about her career she says,
I'm very enthusiastic about
Turkey"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
YES

DIR. REGIS BOYLE, in
structor in English and Jour-
nalism at Woodrow wilson
High School and chairman
Of the Department Of Jour-
nalism. Catholic University
summer sessions: what an
appropriate question for mel
I'm afraid that's one Of
the major Disadvantages Of
teaching, especially certain
subjects. English probably
has the heaviest homework
correction and a high school
teacher simply doesn't have
time to do it during school
hours. For example, ! have
about 40 students per class
and II I ask them to write
one composition per week,
this means about 100 to 200
papers to correct. II I spend
only i've minutes on each
paper. that's 1000 minutes,
or almost 16 hours. In addi-
ton to this problem Of lit
orally taking the work home,
there's also the problem Of
parents telephoning about
their children. ] don't mind
this. Of course, as I want to
help. but it does take up ones
time. And, Of course, my
students are ubiquitous
see them wherever I 60.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
CAREER On
1857
MARY HOWARD CRITICIZED
She English
In Turkish College

but she found q Job teach
ing English at the Turkish
Educational Center under the
sponsorship Of the United
States Information Service.
After q two-and-a-half-
year tour Of duty there, where
she saw democracy at work
with an army general, the
vegetable man and: the
butcher \ sitting down to-
gether to learn" she headed
for Washington again. Her
postgraduate work at the
Georgetown University Insti-
tute Of Languages and Lin
guistics led to her present job
at Gazi Teachers College.
Her trip home this summer
marks the end Of two years
there. She viii return later
this month.
Son Speaks 5 Dialects
The English classes 1t the
teachers college are con-
Quoted entirely In English
with the help Of pictures and
recorded tapes, and Mary
Howard admits freely that
her Turkish is anything but
fluent. Her l2-year-old son,
Douglas Allen, however,
speaks i've dialects Of the
language. and does all the
family marketing In the ma
tive bazaars. haggling with
the shopkeepers.
1.-THE Koran says that you
respect your mother and your
teacher. and teaching is the
most highly respected pro-
fession." says Mrs. Criticized.
Her students range in age
from Is to "a years
some Just graduated from
the lycee--who win teach ele-
mentary school when they
receive their degrees. and
others who already have uni
versity degrees and win teach
at the higher levels. Gazi
Teachers College Is coeduca-
tional. and many women 20
into teaching IN Turkey.
No Makeup
Mary Howard wears no
makeup when ahe teaches,
since her students are not
allowed to. She has TO be
careful about her clothes,
too. Sleeveless dresses. for
instance. are taboo both for
her and fof young Turkish
women.
On the city streets. how
ever. makeup and Partisan
couture have taken over.
In the cities the women
dress straight from Paris"
she says. "They've got 4 fair
for style. Every year they
look better and better
dressed"
Turkish women enjoy q
great deal Of freedom. They
have equal rights with men;
they become lawyers, doctors,
and WELD a great deal Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
NO

MRS. STEPHEN NIEZ-
CODA. manager Of the Du-
pont theater: Il don't take
my job home with me the
way / used to before I was
married. OF course, I am
always on call at the theater,
but / try not to think Of It
once / leave the office. MY
husband does not mind my
working. but he feels I should
leave it behind. Also, If you
are working and are married.
you really have two full
time jobs and you just don't
have time to worry and think
about your ONCE. 1t is difi-
cult to do both. but one must
regiment ones life care
fully"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08
NO

MRS. JACK QUILLIN,
secretary to the Iraq Ambas-
sador: Il try to accomplish
everything in my office. /
don't take my job home be-
cause my husband wouldn't
put up with 1t. I like to
forget about the Office when
! get home and close my
mind to 1t. It's q matter Of
organizing ones mind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-09-08

MISS CAROLYN PROC
TOR. a secretary in the State
Department: mo. the work
here isn't the type you can
take home. at least not phys
ically. for there would be no
reason to and for security