davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-21
Bank Of Commerce Votes
1000 Share Increase


President Thomas j. Groom
of the Bank of Commerce yes
terday announced the board OF
directors voted to recommend
to stockholders that an amend
ment to the charter be secured
to issue 1000 additional shares
of capital stock with a par value
of 500 a share.
The stockholders at their an.
nual meeting September 26 will
be asked to vote on the pro-
posal. This would provide that
each stakeholder could SUBJ
scribe for one new share OF
stock for each two shares now
owned at a subscription price Of
$50 per share.
II the plan is adopted, trans.
ferable subscription warrant:
will be issued about November
l. The new stock will be issued
under date of December 4, the
50th anniversary of the bank.
In addition to the main Office
at Connecticut avenue and K
street NV. the bank operates
branches at 725 North Capitol
street. 1922 Georgia avenue
NV. and 410 Rhode Island av-
enue NE.
Mr.. Groom said the addition
of new capital funds is another
step in the banks progress. He
said it reflects the faith of man.
agement in the future business
development of downtown
Washington. He declared it /.
the intention of the board Of
directors to continue the pres.
ent dividend policy of a SIC
regular annual dividend and q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-21

50 extra dividend to be paid
on the combined stock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-07-21

WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, July 70, 1857
1857 stock and Sales Net
HiGh Low div. rate Add % High Low Close Gig
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
Greater Pitt "C" Day
Festivities To Cover
Period Of Three DAYS

PITTSBURGH, Pa. - A
three-day celebration will a
gain be scheduled this year
by the Greater Pittsburgh
Croatian Day Committee, DUR
ing the coming Labor Day
weekend.
On Saturday, August 81,
the Annual Croatian Day will
be held at Kennywood Park,
where the program festivities
will include the Holy Trinity
Junior Tamburitzans of AM
bridge, the flavor" Singing
Society of North Side Pitts
burgh and the popular radio
and recording artists, the Po-
zega Tamburitza Orchestra of
Youngstown, Ohio.
The Post-Croatian Day
Reunion will be held at the
Croatian Home, 4th and
Antisbury Streets, in Ran
kin, on Sunday, September
1, and will feature a concert
program and dancing
throughout the evening.
On Labor Day, Monday,
September 2, an Outdoor Re-
union will be held at the Gro
atian Center, off Babcock
Boulevard, in Millvale, Pa.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

On October 26, the Harbor-
ties will hold a goth Anniver-
sary Dance at the Croatian
Home, 4O33 Main St., in East
Chicago. The two fine bands
who will be providing the mu-
sic are Pat DeMure and his
Orchestra and the Cavalier
Tamburitzans. Needless to
say there will also be plenty
of drinks and refreshments.
Now, if that isn't the start
of a good dance, I don't what
more can be done for the
present.
But l do know what you
can do - save this date to
visit with us and celebrate
an occasion which is WOr-
thy of your time. l espec-
tally appeal to the past ac-
tive members and those
who were of the original
membership.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

er lodges.
Then came the bowling
tournaments and / don't be-
lieve the Harborites missed
very many of those. In fact,
for the past few years, the
number of teams attending
the tournaments were never
less than six.
Truthfully speaking, bowl
ing seems to be the sport that
keeps our Lodge on the active
list. Keep it up bowlers, we
don't want to die out yet.
Those We're The Days
Remember when the "Skip-
per" wrote articles for the
Zee, just filled with Harborite
news? How many of you re-
call as to who it was?
Now to come down to the
fine point of this article and
to let you know why I've been
"jibber-jabbering" so.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
Two CFU "veeps" To
Wax Eloquent During
Cleveland Celebration

CLEVELAND, Ohio - An
advance invitation is extended
to all various organizations
and all our people of the area
to attend the 21st Annual
Fraternal Day to be spon-
sored by the United CFU
Lodges of Cleveland on Sum-
day, September 1, at Puritas
Springs Park.
The picnic will begin at
noon and last until the late
hours of the evening.
An entertaining program
planned for the day will
feature the "Abrasevic"
and "Slavulj" Singing Soci-
cites, the Kolo Aces, Euclid
Kolo Kids, Nest 55 KOlO
Dancers, and the famous
Cleveland Tamburitza SYM
phony group under the di-
rection of Jim kOvacevic.
Acting as Master of Cere-
monies will be none other
than our Croatian Radio Hour
Announcer, bro. John Birek.
Our guest speakers for
the day will be 1st Vice
President of the CFU, bro.
Joseph Bazdarich of Chi
cagO, and End Vice Presi-
dent, bro. Milan Vranes of
Pittsburgh.
Don't forget to sell and al
so buy some of the tickets
which our Queen Contestants
are selling. Those vieing for
the queen honors are: Lodge
IA, Barbara Samac; Lodge
AZ, Barbara Clemence; Lodge
SO, Elsie Rapich; Lodge 235,
Barbara Kosunic; Lodge 403,
Joan Carol Dobric; and Lodge
663, Judy Bilicic.
More details about the cele-
bration will appear in the la
ter issues of the Zee.
Anna Rescic, Sec'y.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
Gary Lodge ITO
Nearing 50th Lap

GARY, Ind. - The year
1857 will mark the Golden
Anniversary of one of the
Croatian Fraternal Unions
largest, foremost subordinate
affiliates the "Croatian Sons"
Lodge ITO Of this community.
The members of Lodge
ITO will celebrate this great
milestone in their fraternal
annals on Sunday, October
27, with festivities to be
staged in the showplace of
Gary - The Croatian Gem
ter.
Plans for the Fall fete are
in the discussion stages" at
the moment, but as each falls
into the proper pattern we
will make them public in the
Zajednicar.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
East Chicago "Harborites" To Mark
Twentieth Anniversary October 2bth

members that started the
lodge; but at the present
time our membership
stands at 271. At this time
l would like to say thanks
to the deceased MIR. Letica
and another one of our
staunch members, Mr.. Jo-
seph Sedey, ST., for with
out them, we would never
be.
Remember the first two
basketball tournaments? !
was still a nest member at the
time, but l remember selling
souvenir badges. 1t was a
good feeling to meet all those
different members of the 9TH
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

English and mathema-
tics.
Mrs. Virginia Thompson
of Guam Island, who uses a
portable respirator during
part of the day and a rock
ing bed to assist breathing
at night, carries all the re-
sponsibilities of a house.
wife with three children.
Martha Mason of Latti-
N. c., became valedic-
torian in her high school class
from an iron lung, and needed
a chest respirator to attend
her schools graduation exer-
cises.
Leslie Rosenblatt of Tam
pa, Fla, spending his waking
hours in a wheel chair and
chest respirator, runs a sue
cessful insurance business.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

EAST CHICAGO, Ind. =
With the weather being like
it is, warm and hot, l thought
it would be a good idea to take
a small cruise and reminisce
a little bit. Many of you may
ask, "Why reminisce?" Well,
it's like this - on August II
our Lodge 856 will be cele-
brating the goth Anniversary
Of it's founding.
Off hand, l can't remem-
Der the exact number of
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

Landauer, 1--WE are already
thinking of how to get him
out of there and make that
life worth living. The same
iron lung that saves a
mans life can become a liv-
ing tomb for the man
whose life it saves"
Although latest statistics
indicate a drop of almost so
per cent in the number of new
cases of paralytic polio in
1856 from the 1855 total -
thanks to the Salk vaccine -
over recent years the proper
ton of severe respiratory ca
ses has been rising.
Only a few years ago, ma
ny of these patients would
have succumbed to the first
onslaught of the disease.
Thus medical progress, while
it saves life, also creates the
need of prolonged care for
those who survive.
Freedom From Iron Lung
What can be done for these
survivors?
In each of the Is regional
respiratory centers run by
March of Dimes money, doc
tors, therapists and other
trained medical work er
fight a continuing battle to
get people out OF iron lungs,
then away from chest respira-
tors - from dependence on
mechanical aids as far as pos
sible toward normal life.
The goal of the respira-
tory centers is described by
DIR. Landauer as "the right
of every individual to be at
home, if he has one, and to
be useful, if he can be-"
Before the polio patient
goes home, it is often neces-
sary to inspect his house to
make sure it suits his needs.
Is the flooring strong enough
to support heavy equipment ?
Is the wiring adequate? Is
the physical layout of the pa
tents quarters such that he
could easily be moved in
emergency? Is the family able
to support a polio patient ?
Has polio brought about in
surmountable p s y c biological
problems? The respiratory
centers have trained people
who answer these questions.
In many cases, even after
the patient goes home, the
centers continue to supply
nursing service, occupational
and physical therapy, medical
care, educational or vocation.
al g III d a n c e, psychological
services, emergency transpor-
tation, drugs and family gui'
dance.
Triumph Over Handicaps
Polio patients have sur.
mounted almost unbelievable
obstacles in becoming useful
Herbert Brill of Richmond
Calf, who sleeps in a porta.
BILE respirator, teaches high
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
March Of Dimes
Came As BIessinu
To Many A Victim

INtS OeHty tHe 'pOHO tlnle or
the year." the follotOimg is but a
small tribute to the money you
see fit donate annually to the
Nations March of Dimes Driue.
NEW YORK - One day
last spring, Mrs. Owen Smith,
alone in her house in Pueblo,
Colo, almost completely para
lyzed from polio and utterly
defenseless in her wheel
chair, faced what seemed like
inevitable death by fire.
Through the chance return of
one of her children she was
saved by margin of seconds.
Mrs. Smith is the wife of |
an assistant principal in one
of the high schools of Pueblo.
She has three children, age
six, seven and 10. When polio
struck her down, she was first
hospitalized at st. Mary's in
Pueblo; later, at Colorado
General Hospital in Denver.
It had been a severe attack.
She was taken home, a help |
less invalid, one of the tragic
thousands born too soon to |
! benefit from the Salk vaccine.
In an effort to keep the
Smiths home intact, the
local chapter of the Nation
al Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis hired a house.
keeper. Two of the children
were below school age.
But as soon as the young
est child was six, the husband
an independent and vigorous
man, thanked the chapter and
refused further aid, asserting
that he could manage by
himself" to look after his chill
dren and crippled wife.
Victim Unable To Move
| So it was that Mrs. Smith
was alone in the house that
morning when the children
left for school and slammed
the door with a jar that
shook a woolen sweater from
a peg to the grating of a floor
furnace register.
Unable to move from her
chair, unable to move the
chair itself, unable to cry
out loud enough to be
heard, she could only watch
the sweater begin to smoke,
then shoulder and finally,
like a damp wick, give off
a little flame.
| Before the house caught
fire, one of the children hap
pened to return.
A Community Responds
The story got around town.
Spontaneously, those w h o
knew the family renewed
their efforts to protect Mrs.
Smiths life and at the same
time to give her some of the
conveniences that would make
life more worth living.
The telephone company
installed apparatus that
enabled her to manage both
incoming and outgoing
calls.
The postman now enters
the house with the mail, opens
it for her and puts magazines
on an adjustable reading
board.
The radio was equipped so
that she could use it.
Teachers, her husbands
colleagues, call regularly now
to do her hair.
A March of Dimes medical
worker purchased a special
wheel chair which she can
move with her feet.
To her family and friends,
Mrs. Smiths life is precious.
Life Is Worth Living
In like manner but on an
organized national scale, the
March of Dimes affirms that
the life of every person Grip
pied by polio is precious.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

IL. - Ladies Lodge 534 in
first Picnic of season, Clair
ton Park, Clarion, Pa. Tam
mie Serenaders will provide
music. Barbecued lamb, pork,
25. - Annual United Four
County Lodges "Fraternal
Day., Croatian Park, Mones-
sen, Pa. Please follow English
Section for program and other
details.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

L. United CFU Lodges of
Cleveland in 2Ist Annual
"Fraternal Day" Puritas
Springs Park. Program to
star Abrasevic and Slavulj
Choirs, Kolo Aces, Euclid Ko-
10 Kids, and Nest 55 Kolo
Group. Speakers, GU Vice
Presidents Joseph N. Bazda-
rich, Chicago, and Milan Vra-
mes, Pittsburgh.
l. - Opening of two-day
Annual CFU Softball Champ
ionship Tourney under aegis
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
- S EP r E Nj B r II

of Farrell, Pa, Lodge 1926.
Play at both City and St. Ann
Parks, Farrell. Banquet and
Dance Sept. 2 in Croatian
American Civic Club, Staun-
ton Street, Farrell.
21. - "MayWoodites" GU
Lodge 358 in Golden Anniver-
sary Banquet and Program,
Sam Reno Restaurant, 1904
West Ridge Road, Highland
Ind. Tickets now available at
appreciable savings. Program
details later.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14
- A UG u S T

81. Greater Pittsburgh's
Annual "Croatian Day." Ken
nywood Park, Pittsburgh.
Program will be highlighted
by appearance of Ambridge,
Pa, Holy Trinity Junior Tam
buritzans and Pozega Tambu-
rita Orchestra, Girard, Ohio.
Kolo contest, other attrac-
tions. Follow the English Sec
ton for details.
ZajednicÌŒar = Fraternalist. [volume] (Allegheny, Pa.) 1894-current, 1957-08-14

Palodino, Judith
265 Ration, New Mexico
SLENDER, Geraldine
267 East Chicago, Ind.
Vukovich, Marlene
269 Fresno, Calf.
Zaninovich, Charles
276 Powhatan Point, Ohio
Novak, Louise Ann
Pavich, Donald
292 Mariner, New York
Brooks, William
3O3 Livingston, Ill.
Crebtree, Robert
Spudich, Cecilia
SO4 S. st. Paul, Minn.
Voog, James Nicholas
S18 Detroit, Mich.
Prpich, Joseph
Validzic, Anthony
322 Chicago, Ill.
Churin, Donald
324 st. Louis, Mo.
Magas, Michael
Radetich, John
325 Export, Pa.
Wuslich, Mildred
BAL Joliet, Ill.
Coap, Lyle Richard
James, Joseph
364 Rock Springs, Wyo.
Walfe, Ruby
1856 N. S. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Yost, Donald
399 Jerome, Arizona
Boban, Kay Frances
443 st. Louis, Mo.
Slezak, Joseph
455 Whitney, Pa.
Adamerovich, Frances
40 Biloxi, Miss.
Kuluz, Frances
487 Detroit, Mich.
Bernadich, Teresa
497 Freemansburgh, Pa.
Erceg, Theresa
499 Sugar Creek, Mo.
Raper, Carole
523 Congress Park, Ill.
Butkovich, Rose
528 Des Moines, Iowa
Banta, Gloria
Buban, Donald
535 Los Angeles, Calf.
Petrovich, Diana
$50 Oakland, Calf.
Batistich, Elizabeth
GA Fontana, California
Karavanich, Martin
623 Richmond, Calf.
Mackinnon, Alexander
CAN ADA
! 456 Kirkland Lake, Ont.
Hacko, Louis
Shalecki, Edward
Vitunjski, Edward
468 Sudbury, Ont, Canada
Podvorac, Helen
AL Port Arthur, Ont.
BlaZlna, Kenneth
48O Vancouver, B. G.
Uzelac, Katherine
489 Arvida, Quebec
Kovacevich, Josip
! 5O8 Toronto, Ont.
Pavelich, Madeline
543 Port Alberni, b. G.
Znidarsich, James
566 Sault Ste. Marie, Ont.
Kustura, Jimmie
Pruce, William
573 Montreal, Que.
Krebzdak, Anna
597 st. Catharines, Ont.
Krsul, Frank
COS Hamilton, Ont.
Zeleznak, Jean
615 Toronto, Ont.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Round Table, Gallant Man
Now FL in Dream Race

arrangements to straighten out
Eddie Arcaro rides Bold Ruler
with Willie Shoemaker on Gal
liant Man. Round Table, who
was riden by Shoemaker when
it didn't conflict with Gallant
Mans program, may be ridden
by either Dave Erb or Willie
Harmatz. Bill Hartack is ex-
pected to pilot Dedicate.
Aqua CALIENTE. Mexico
Nov. S (P.-Informed that Gal
liant Man and Round Table are
entered in the Trenton Handi-
cap Saturday. John Alessio,
Caliente executive director, said
today his 100000 offer for a
match race here remains good
if the horses finish IL in the
Trenton.
Either way. which ever
might win it. the match offer
stands. provided they are the
first two finishers," Alessio said
Owner Travis Kerr has &C
cepted the Caliente offer for
Round Table. Owner Ralph
Lowe has delayed a decision
on Gallant Man until after
the race.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Penn Coach Is Silent
On Call for Resignation

PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 5 up.
Coach Steve Sebo and Ath-
letic Director Jerry Ford of
Penn remained stonily silent
today in the face of a strong
suggestion that the coach re-
sign and give someone else a
chance to pull the Quakers out
of the football doldrums.
Neither would say anything
about yesterdays appeal by
Sports Editor Ed Pollock of the
Philadelphia Bulletin that Sebo
should quit "for the sake of the
university. its alumni and stu
dents. his squad and himself. !"
"Once again on Saturday,
Sebo's players were beaten by
an obviously inferior squad.
losing 1876, to Harvard" Pol
lock WROTE.
"Penn's 1857 squad is by far
the best Sebo has had since
he was appointed coach in 1854,
and one of the best the uni
versity has had in the last
decade. II has a higher po-
tential than any of its OPP
ponents so far with the ex-
ception of Navy and possibly
Penn State"
Winless Penn lost its sixth
game Saturday and its seventh
straight over two seasons. Some
alumni factions and 20 of %
players polled recommended
last year that Sebo be dis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
McLouehry's Information
Has Amherst Riding High

AMHERST. Mass, Nov. S
(P).-John McLaughry, bearer
of a famous football name. is
the figure behind Amherst's bid
for its second perfect season
in 80 years.
The coaching son of TuSs
McLaughry. the man who for
years directed the grid for
tunes here, at Brown and
at Dartmouth. McLaughry has
watched the Lord Jeffs collect
six straight victories this fall.
His formula for making his
Information click is simple
to phase but hard to find
a capable quarterback, a cou-
pie Of good runners, stout
defense and wonderful block
ing"
In the McLaughry attack,
akin to the side saddle-T at
Indiana. the quarterback stands
sideways when he takes the
ball from center or fakes re-
ceiving the snap which carries
to one Of the deep backs.
THE positioning helps him to
go along the line a bit better, !"
McLaughry said in explanation
Of the system.
McLaughry calls this the best
team he has coaches in IL
years, three at Union College in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
18th EDITION UNDERWAY
Virginia Horses Seek
Honors in National

years. Owned by Mr.. and Mrs.
Bernie Mann of Port Washing
ton, N. Y, Wonder will retire
the trophy if he wins again
this year.
In the international jumping
field. Argentina is on hand for
the first time and is repre-
sented by a nusband-wife team,
Capt. Pedro oscar Mayorga
and his wife. Elena.
For the first time since 1858,
the British have team. Two
girls. Pat Smythe az Dawn
Palethorpe, will handle the
reins along with Ted Williams
(no relation to the Boston Red
Sox player.
Then there is the United
States, headed by Billy Stein
krauS: the Mexicans headed by
Gen. Humberto Marbles. an all
time favorite with the Garden
crowds. and Canada, Ireland
and Chile.
Maj. Henri st. Cyr, Sweden S
Olympic dressage champion in
both 1852 and 1856. will per-
form at every session, although
it will not be part OF the COM
petition.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05

CAMDEN, N. j., Nov. 5 (P.
While Laurel officials still
harbored hopes that his owner,
Travis M. Kerr. would change
his mind and send him into the
Washington. D. c.. Information
al field, Round Table today was
listed at 2 to along with Gal
liant Man for Saturdays
$75,000-added Trenton Handi-
cap at Garden State Park.
In what Garden State off,
Gals hope will be the dream
race" Dedicate, the assumed
handicap champion of the year,
was listed at S to 2 and Bold
Ruler at 3 to /.
The Trenton isn't exclusively
for the big Four and there
are possibilities that Sam Tu-
fano's Wise Margin and L. L.
Higgins Manteau also may be
entered. Manteau was assigned
113 pounds, Wise Margin lis,
while Dedicate is tops under
1913. Gallant Man and Round
Table both drew 124 and Bold
Ruler 1872.
There we're still a few Jockey
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Is Movino
Little Rock Come

KANSAS CITY, Nov. 5 (PD.-
The National Association of In
tercolllegiate Athletics is look
ing for a new site for its cham
pionship football game Decem-
Der 81.
The first game was played
last year in Little Rock and
called the Aluminium Bowl.
There were plans to hold it
there again this year until the
school indignation crisis arose
in September.
Conditions in Little Rock now
are too unstable to schedule the
game there. the NAIA Execu-
tive Committee said last night
in a statement issued through
Ed Garich, publicity director.
Odessa. Tex, and Memphis.
Tenn, are among the new sites
being studied. Garich said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Christy Pushing
Carlton for ACC
SCORING Honors

GREENSBORO. N. c., Nov. s
P.-Dick Christy, North Caro-
lima States busting run
ner. is giving Dukes Wray
Carlton a run for his money in
the Atlantic Coast Conference
individual scoring race.
Carlton continues to hold the
lead this week with 81 points
despite the fact he hasn't scored
a touchdown since the Rice
game october IL.
But Christy, who keeps going
over his opponents goal line
every week, is second with 4S
points.
Carlton has managed to keep
the leadership on his extra
point kicking. Duke was held
scoreless by Georgia Tech last
Saturday, bat the two previous
weeks Carlton booted two extra
points each game, He has seven
touchdownS and nine extra
points to his credit while
Christy has scored eight touch
downs.
Third place belongs to Jim
Bakhtiar. Virginia fullback. with
43 points on six touchdowns
and seven extra points. King
Dixon of South Carolina lis
fourth with 80 points on five
touchdownS.
Dick Hunter of N. c. State is
fifth with % points and Alex
Hawkins of South Carolina and
Nelson Yarbrough of Virginia
tied for sixth with "a points
eqch
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1957-11-05
Six Races Sunday
AtMurIboro Track

The sportsman-stock cars
not the lightweight motorcycles
as originally scheduled-will re-
turn to Marlboro Motor Race
way next Sunday. There will
be six races, beginning at 2
pm. and featuring a 25-lap
finale.
Also returning will be Clay
Eastridge of Fredericksburg and
Ray Byers of Falls Church, who
we're thought to have run
dead heat two days ago at Marl-
boro. Eastridge was awarded
the victory after a check by
officials.