davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-04
CupituI Optimist Club
Meets Tomorrow

The National Capital Optimist
Club will meet at 1915 pm.
tomorrow in the washington
Hotel, Fifteenth and F streets
NV. Robert Harris of the Ma
tional Training School for Boys
viii speak on What To Do With
Maynard Boys"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-04
ON THE AIR
Fsss4
Two Can Sponsor
As CheopIy as One
BY BERNIE HARRISON

Cosponsors who share the bills for the have
apparently entered and chumier their relation
ship. one Of overawedor it overwrough?-
reported yesterday
On Meet the Press" SUNDAY VIRGO. Johns Evansville
setting out to illustrate that its shngles
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01

institutions. Virginia can remain ST.
lent no longer; Recognizing as this
Assembly does. the prospect of in
calculable harm to the public |
schools Of this State and the dis
ruption Of the education Of her child
rem. Virginia is in duty bound to
interpOSe against these most serious
consequences. and earnestly to chal-
lenge the usurped authority that
would inflict them upon her citizens
THEREFORE. the General AS
sembly of Virginia, appealing to our
Greater as Virginia appealed to Him
for Divine Guidance when on June
%, 1776, our people established
Free and Independent State, now
appeals to her sister States for that
decision which only they are quail
fled under our mutual compact to
make. and respectfully requests
them to join her in taking approp-
riate steps. pursuant to Article v
OF the Constitution. by which an
amendment, designed to settle the
issue OF contested power here as
serted, may be proposed to all the
States.
And be it finally resolved that
/ until the question here asserted by
1.-THE State of Virginia be settled by
clear Constitutional amendment. we
pledge our firm intention to take
all appropriate measures honorably
legally and constitutionally avail
able to us, to resist this illegal en-
croachment upon our sovereign
powers. and to urge upon our sister
States, whose authority over their
own most cherished powers may
next be imperiled. their prompt and
deliberate efforts to check this and
further encroachment by the SUI
preme Court, through judicial legis-
lation. upon the reserved powers of
the States.
The Governor is requested to
transmit a copy of the foregoing
" tliC SoFCi illliS DbtlitS vi
every county. city and town in this
State; to the executive authority of
each of the other States; to the
clerk of the Senate and House OF
Representatives of the United
States; to Virginia S representatives
and Senators in the Congress. anC
to the President and the Supreme
Court of the United States for theil
information.
February |. 1856
Agreed to by the House of Delegate.
E GRIFFITH DODSON
Clerk House of Delegates
February |, 1856
Agreed to by the Senate
E R. COMBS
, Clerk of the Senate
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01

That the General Assembly of Vir-
ginia. mindful of the resolution it
adopted on December 81, 1898, and
cognizant Of similar resolutions
adopted on like occasions In other
States. both North and South, again
asserts this fundamental principle:
That whenever the Federal Govern
ment attempts the deliberate. pal
pable, and dangerous exercise Of
powers not granted it. the States
who are parties to the compact have
the right, and are in duty bound. to
interpoSe for arresting the progress
of the evil. and for preserving the
authorities, rights and liberties ap-
pertaining to them:
That failure on the part of this
State thus to assert her clearly re-
served powers would be construed
as tacit consent to the surrender
thereof: and that such submissive
acquiescence to palpable. deliberate
and dangerous encrOachment upon
one power would in the end lead to
the surrender of all powers. and in
evitably to the obliteration of the
sovereignty of the States. contrary
to the sacred compact by which
this Union of States was created;
That in times past. Virginia has
remained silent-we have remained
too long silent against interpre-
tations and constructions placed up
on the Constitution which seemed to
many citizens of Virginia palpable
entertainments upon the reserved
powers of the States and Willful
usurpations of powers never dele
gated to our Federal Government;
we have watched with growing con-
Germ as the power delegated to the
Congress to regulate commerce
among the several States has been
stretched into a power to lay taxes
for the general welfare a power to
confiscate the earnings of our peo-
pie for purposes unrelated to the
general welfare as we conceive it,
we have been dismayed at judicial
DEGREES permitting private property
to be taken for uses that plainly are
not public uses; we are disturbed at
the effort now afoot to distort the
power to provide for the common
defense. by some Fabian alchemy
into a power to build local school
houses,
That Virginia xiousl ~ con
cerned at this massive expansion Of
central authority, nevertheless has
reserved her right to interpost
against the progress of these evils
in the hope that time would amel
iorate the transgressions: now, how
ever, in matter SO gravely affec
ting this States most vital public
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Senate Joint
Resolution No 3

InterpOsing the sovereignty of Vir-
ginia against encroachment upon
the reserved powers of this State.
and appealing to sister states to
resolve question of contested
power.
Be it resolved by the Senate of
Virginia. the House of Delegates
cOncurring,
That the General Assembly of
Virginia expresses its firm reso-
luton to maintain and to defend
the Constitution of the United States
and the Constitution of this State.
against every attempt, whether for
eign or domestic, to undermine the
dual structure of this Union, and to
destroy those fundamental princi-
pies embodied in our basic law. by
which the delegated powers of the
Federal government and the re-
served powers of the respective
States have long been protected and
assured:
That this Assembly explicitly de-
clareS that the powers of the FEEDER
al Government result solely from
the compact to which the States are
parties. and that the powers of the
Federal Government, in all its bran
ches and agencies, are limited by
the terms of the instrument creating
the compact. and by the plain sense
| and intention of its provisions:
That the terms of this basic com
pact. and its plain sense and in
tention, apparent upon the face of
the instrument, are that the rati-
| Tying States, parties thereto. have
agreed voluntarily to delegate GER
tain OF their sovereign powers. but
only those sovereign powers specif-
lcally enumerated. to Federal
Government thus constituted: and
that all powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution
nor prohibited by it to the States,
are reserved to the States respec-
| lively. or to the people:
That this basic compact NAV be
validity amended in one way, and il
one way only. and that is by rati
fication of proposed amendment
by the legislatures of not fewer
than three-fourths of the States. pur
suant to Article V of the Consti
tuition, and that the judicial power
extended to the Supreme Court OF
the United States to AL cases il
law and equity arising under this
Constitution vested no authority il
the court in effect to amend the
Constitution, r#f
That by its decision of May II
1854. in the school cases, the Su
preme Court of the United State!
placed upon the Constitution an in
depreciation, having the effect of al
amendment thereto. which inter
probation Virginia emphatically dis
approves:
That the State of Virginia did no
agree, in ratifying the Fourteenth
Amendment. nor did other State
ratifying the Fourteenth Amend
ment agree, that the power to oper
ate racially separate schools was t.
be prohibited to them thereby; ant
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Resolution of 1nterpOsitiOn

as evidence Of such understanding
of the terms of the amendment. and
its plain sense and intention, the
General Assembly of Virginia notes
that the very Congress which pro-
posed the Fourteenth Amendment
for ratification established separate
schools in the District of Columbia:
further, the Assembly notes that in
many instances. the same State
Legislatures that ratified the Four
teenth Amendment Also provided for
systems Of separate public schools:
and still further. the Assembly notes
that both State and Federal courts.
without any exception. recognized
and approved this clear understand
ing over a long period of years and
held repeatedly that the power to
operate such Schools was, indeed. a
power reserved to the States to ex-
erclse without intervention of the
Federal courts under the Federal
Constitution the Assembly submits
that it relied upon this understand
ing in establishing and developing
| at great sacrifice on the part of the
citizens of Virginia. school system
that would not have been so eStab-
lished and developed had the under
standing been otherwise; and this
! Assembly submits that this legis-
latiVe history and long judicial con-
struction entitle it still to believe
that the power to operate separate
schools, provided only that such
schools are substantially equal, is a
power reserved to this State until
the power be prohibited to the
States by clear amendment of the
Constitution;
That with the Supreme Courts de-
cision aforesaid and this resolution
by the General Assembly of Vir
/ ginla, a question of contested power
has arisen: The court asserts. fol
its part. that the States did. in fact
In 1868. prohibit unto themselves, by
means of the Fourteenth Amend
ment. the power to maintain raci
ally separate public schools, which
power certain of the States have eX
erclsed daily for more than 81
years; the State of Virginia, for hel
part. asserts that she has never sur
rendered such power;
That this declaration upon thu
part of the. Supreme Court of tn,
United States constitutes a deliber
ate, palpable, and dangerous at
tempt by the court itself to usurl
the amendatory power that lie
solely with not fewer than three
fourths Of the States;
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Double Check

I'm not mentioning names
but a friend of mine has discov-
cred that the modern TV is no
improvement on the old key hole
Politics are Just drifting along
these days -. no songs nor music
the campaign will be short
and bitter this 81 one time
people are being very careful in
their pickln soon as we can
find a Democrat that can skin
Republican and don't spare the
hyde !. boy. we'll be all set
SO far it's being run on sorter a
quizZ program with trained
'sperts asking and in some cases
knowing all the answers. and We
amt getting nowhere like that
politicians are like squirrels
you gto to smoke EN- out =.
the State of the Nation is more
under the great limelight today
and reasons are more obvious
than when the Democrats were in
power Some mess" and
Who" will even offer to swab the
deck you read the editorials
. there is where the brains
| spread ink and today is quiet
because editors are thinking
July 9th is the day set for Viz
ginia Democrats to meet to choose
delegates for the Chicago conven-
ton in August and on the 18th
after four years of Republi-
canism no Democrat is supersti-
tiOuS any more I don't know
why but Chicago sounds like Adj
lai to me and that means VIC
tory for the COP. Thanks for
reading,
Yours, j MARVIN BROWN
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01

! think that management is the
most important Of all. Furthermore.
II you are an employee, remember
that the success of the management
depends upon you and the other
wageworkers.
Possibility of World War III
l am not advising any worker to
change the place where he is now
working for fear of World War III.
I forecast that such a war is not
coming at once. and may not come
for some time,-until after you are
retired and have q good home in
the South or in California. But do
advise young persons who are just
entering industry to avoid certain
big cities, some of which are sure
to be laid waste in the event of
atomic attack. This means that
small communities. some miles dis
tant from big vulnerable industrial
cities. should be preferred by those
who have not already set their
roots" elsewhere.
Most large corporations are now
building auxiliary plants in such
smaller safe cities and towns.
Therefore. when you decide what in
dustry you are best fitted for. and
what company you wish to work for,
ask the employment manager to
give you 2 job in a small commun-
ity. This especially applies to pres
poctive graduates Of high schools
and colleges which are now being
visited BY employment managers
seeking good men and women to
join their organizations.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01

CAPITAL money. In many indus.
tries. thousands of dollars must b
invested in order to employ one
worker. Millions of dollars must be
invested to construct a steel mill.
We're it not for capital. we could not
have ample railways and airplanes,
or tall office buildings. or bridges to
span large rivers. We would stu be
in the horse-and-buggy stage. Capt.
tai is what makes it possible for
$1,000 900 workers to be employed
at wages hitherto undreamed Of.
The United States is the only ma
ton in which this utopian condition
exists.
Importance Of Management
An ample. congenial labor supply
is highly essential for a good indus
trial plant location. Manufacturers
could not do anything without labor
And labor could not be employed by
the millions without d large accumu-
lation of capital. Capital depends on
labor and labor depends on capital:
what harms one. harms both. II you
are working in a place where the
above factors are generally favor
able. the next important factor is
MANAGEMENT. A managers func-
tons are to organize. deputize. su-
pervise. and vitalize the organiza-
ton.
In summary, an industrial plant.
to have good chance Of being sue
cessful. must enjoy these five fac
tors:-materials, market. money.
men, and management. Sometimes
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Three Men In A Boat

THREE MEN, none of whom could swim,
were far out from shore in row boat.
One of them started to bore hole in the
bottom The others protested. He retored
that he was only boring hole under his
seat not under theirs. "But," they shouted,
Were all in the same boat"
There is moral in that story which all
of us we'll could ponder.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
The Interposition Resolution

asserted by the State of Virginia be settled
by clear Constitutional amendment, we
pledge our firm intention to take all ap-
propriate measures honorably, legally and
constitutionally. to resist this illegal en-
croachment upon sovereign powers"
Having taken this action the Virginia
Assembly changed no Virginia Laws re-
garding public schools. Until this tissue OF
contested power" has been Settled by
clear constitutional amendment" we do not
believe Virginia can, in honesty and good
conscience, do anything.
1t would appear to US that Governor
Stanley and the State Board of Public
Education would be proper in proclaiming
d policy for segregated schools for the COM
ing year, thereby stabilizing the u c
school system and allowing the governing
boards of the counties to complete bud
get according to law. In the meantime it is
to be hoped that this tissue of contested
power may be resolved. Until this has been
accomplished there is no move to be made
except to enforce the provisions of the Vir-
ginia constitution.
principle is involved far beyond the i'm
portance of the issue of schools, as i'm
portant as that is.
II we believe that the compact of states,
from which the Federal government de-
rves its power, is no more, then we must
accede to the dictates of the Federal
government the executive, or the judicial
branches. If we believe the principles set
forth in the resolution of the Virginia
General Assembly and joined in by other
legislative bodies of sister states, then it
would be impossible to move in any drec-
ton, until "the issue of contested power
has been definitely settled.
Prince Edward County, and its people
are law abiding lovers of freedom with a
long history in the resistance of tyranny
The history of the County shows no un-
warranted acts Of defiance, and the people
intend no such action now, but thew have
simply determination rightfully to main
tam self-respect and liberty.
We believe the General Assembly re-
presented the sentiment and had the sun.
port of the thinking people when it passed
almost unanimously the Interposition
Resolution
Never See
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Now Many Wear
FALSE teeth
With Little WORRY

Eat. talk. laugh or sneeze without
fear OF insecure false teeth dropping,
slipping or webbing. FASTEETH
holds plates tirmer and more COM
fortably. This pleasant powder has no
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Doesn't cause nausea Its alkaline
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(denture breathe. Get FASTEETH at
any drug counter.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
BABSON DISCUSSES WAGEWORKERS AND BOMBING

Babson Park. Mass, April 10.
1856. In considering this topic, there
are several important factors which
must be weighed by both employers
and WageWorkerS. One of the first
OF these is location. In addition to
the question of whether it is a good
place to live. location is either
favorable or unfavorable depending
upon its suitability for the industry
in which you are engaged. If the
commodity to be produced is bulky
and heavy, accessibility. through
proximity or ample transportation,
is necessary.
Location and Capital
A successful steel mills Location
is determined primarily by its &C
cessabllity to the raw material.
Transportation by rail and water is
highly essential. Another factor in
determining an ideal location for an
industrial plant is a MARKET for
the finished product. Heavy pro-
ducts are therefore excluded from
some markets by consideration of
"what-the-t traffic will-bear", A car
load of silk can be shipped much
farther than a carload of steel since
the rate cost per unit would be
much less for silk. This would give
1t larger market. There
fore, accessibility to both the raw
product and the market for the fin
ished goods is very important in de-
termining an ideal location for q
successful enterprise.
Another factor in plant location is
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01

WHEN THE VIRGINIA GENERAL AS
"SEMBLY with only two dissenting votes
passed the resolution "interposing the
sovereignty of Virginia against the en-
croachment upon the reserved powers of
this State, and appealing to sister states
to resolve question of contested power,
it was taken at face value. (See the resolu-
ton printed in full in another column.
South Carolina. Georgia, Alabama, Miss
issippi states in which legislatures were
then in session, supported the Virginia re-
solution, several in even stronger terms.
Members of Congress understood that
these states, through this action had taken
a stand to challenge t he usurpation
Of power by Federal agencies, in this case
the L. S. Supreme Court. A Manifesto sup
ported by 101 congressman strongly sup
ported the states in their position.
Listen to these resolves
THAT the General Assembly of Virginia
expresses its firm resolution to maintain
and defend the Constitution of the United
States, and Constitution of this State
Gtalics our), against erery attempt ..
to undermine the dual structure of this
Union and to destroy those fundamental
principles embodied in our basic law, by
which the delegated powers of the respec
tive States have long been protected and as
sured =. That the State Of Virginia did
not agree, in ratifying the Fourteenth
Amendment, that the power to operate
racially separate schools was to be pro-
hibited to them thereby -. That this
declaration (May II, 1854 decision) upon
the part of the Supreme Court of the
United States constitutes a deliberate
palpable, and dangerous attempt by the
court itself to usurp the amendatory power
that lies solely with not fewer than three
fourths of the States -. Virginia is duty
bound to interpose against these most
serious consequences now appeals to
her sister States for that decision which
only they are qualified under our mutual
compact to make, and respectfully requests
them to join her in taking appropriate
steps, pursuant to Article v of the Con-
stitution, by which an amendment, de-
Signed to settle the issue of contested DOW
er here asserted, may be proposed by all
the States. =. that until the question here
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
TH URMAN SENSING of +

\ III = fN-I-1-N 0INSINC OF the SOUthern
states Industrial Council suggests that
the major reason why people don't realize
how excessively expensive government is
hes IN the fact that they never see the
taxes they pay"
inns is because most or all of the federal
income taxes paid by the ajority of work.
ers are required to be withheld bv the en-
pioyer' who turns them into the Treasury.
Inc worker never sees the money and 50
doesn't realize he didn't get his full earn
ings.
mus the device of the withholding tax
may indirectly encourage government
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-01
Money You Never See

waste and extravaganza. It's certain that
people would have a very different picture
OF affairs if they had to personally turn
over their full taxes to the tax collectors
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-02-10

Highlight of the event was a
talk by Mrs. Roosevelt which
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-02-10
Palm Beach, Florida "Societys International Playground
Arthur Godfrey Road"

The Miami area Kashruth stu
alton continues in very confused
state as members of the Kosher
Butchers Guild Of Dade County
continued TO picket the Beth
Tfilah congregation here in Miami
Beach.
Rabbi Sidney Hollander is on
his way here to act as peace
maker between the butchers or
ganization and Rabbi Joseph
Rackovsky who gave Kosher ap-
proval to two Kosher meat de-
partments in large chain stores.
Meanwhile. some of Miami
Beach's leading hotels were being
picketed by members Of the He
brew Butchers Workmen and Al
lied Trades Of South Florida. The
Butchers union went OUT in pro-
test against leading oceanfront
hotels which had Kosher food
service under the same roof as
non.K Kosher food.
The Miami area has had, for
quite a few years, two Vaad
Hakashruths and there has been
a running battle between the two
factions as to what was Kosher.
The pity of the. situation is that
it is usually aired in the news
papers and the public is made a
party to what is actually a Jewish
community family affair.".
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-02-10

Some 600 persons last week
pledged a record $s7l.57l to
launch the 1856 Combined Jewish
Appeal.
Local leaders had hoped to
raise at least $1,0OO,OOO at the
kickoff event but were very
pleased with the final figure
which in itself exceeds any
amount ever raised at a single
Jewish community event ever
held here.
In addition TO the GA cam
lpaign there are fund raising
events now being held here for
Yeshiva University. Albert Elm
stein College Of Medicine. Israel
Bonds. Jewish Home for the Aged
and several others.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-02-10
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