davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
Seem Stars

NEW YORK - Pearl BAILEY to
hit Hollywood, February 9th
at Paramoulfht Studios. She
has to do additional sound
track narration on the COM
edy-drand she co-starS NTH
Bob Hope. Era Marie Saint
and George Sanders called,
THAT Certain Feeling" Par
amount says the technicolor
production has more than 200
feet of Pearls narration" in
the key scenes NTH the three
co-Stars
Count Basic and his ork
to be on the Continent Sep
TENDER list playing US.
camps in Britain. Basic may
also be involved in a British
US. exchange deal of bands
Roy Hamilton in the South
on three weeks of one-night-
erS. Naturally he's plugging
his new record, walk alone
with Kings" And Wild
Bill Davis is recording COM
pany shopping. He up and
quit Epic and has several
deals now pending.
Louis Armstrong; aching
eyes have been so painful re-
Gently that he cut the last
part of his engagement at
Ciro's in Miami Beach. and
postponed his Chez Paree or
ening in Chicago to fly to
New York'S Eye and Ear In
Urinary. Nothing serious -
just an annoying infection
In Holland they will show
"Porgy and Bess" only in the
capital The Hague. Hollands
theatres are all too small to
accommodate the orchestra and
Dig cast Our gal Lena
Horne not only doing terrific
with her new album for Vic
tor but will be in Paris at
the Moulin Rouge for Spring
followed by a trek to swe-
den.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
Beauty Hints
BY NINA TEMPLE

Al4FA1 LIZ
Give your feet a treat It's
simple. If you were one Of
those children who went
barefoot in your youth, YOU
are fortunate because this ha-
bit gave you a priceless heri-
tage foot strength. In this
way your feet gained the ad-
vantage Of air treatment, to-
gether with the medical value
OF freedom. Feet in shoes are
jailed feet They should be
set free occasionally uncon-
fined. Therefore, if you would
know the luxury of being car
ried about by two, strong.
healthy ponies, walk bare'-
foot now and then and regain
that vigor that comes from an
air bath and free circulation
o nthese valuable appendages.
Who is not familiar with these
lines:
Blessings on the little man
Barefoot boy with cheeks of
tan"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

Too often we are told that
genius is something we are
born with and may not &C.
quire. This is not always true.
A man may arrive at that
perfection which is deemed
genius, by dint of long, patti
ent toll along a given line,
until he arrives at a height
which far outdistances the
lazy plotters who climb with
less devterity. This as it
should be for it is not neces-
sary to be a genius in order
to be able to achieve this
glory. Most men would be dis
heartened and despair before
making an effort. George de
Button says: Hold on, hold
fast, hold out, for patience is
genius"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

The public Is invited to hear
DR.. Charles W. Hayiee, Dean
Of Chapel at Northeastern IN
iversity, Monday, March rs,
$50 PM. at SIS Mass. Ave,
Boston. Greater Boston House
wives League are Leon Iona,
chairman.
Boston's versatile irving ].
Hunter, tenor and pianist is
on tour of the West, Mid West
South and Canada with the
famous DePaur Infantry Cho-
rus.
Also on tour with this world
renown group is Roston's ad-
opted Raymond Soares, bari
tone and soloist for Emman-
uel Church on Newbury st.
Cosmopolitan Charity Club
cordially invites you to at
tenr their Spring Art Show
and Tea at the Business and
Professional eMn's Club, 543
Massachusetts, Avenue. Boston.
Sunday April IS, from 3 to S
pm. Proceeds for charity.
Elizabeth Tent announces a
supper for March Is to be
held at 1881 fremont st. Mrs.
Ophelia C. Smith is chairman.
Work from the Block and
Clay shop, 80 Humboldt Ave,
is on exhibition at the Rox-
bury Memorial Library, Town
send st. until March is.
The AFRO-WEST INDIAN
CLUB cordially invites you and
your friends to a Coffee Hour
at the International Institute.
100 Beacon Street, Boston, on
Sunday, March 10, 1855, az
4::30 Pm.
Guest speaker is DR.. D..A
Simmons whose subject will
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
iaybird ehatters

DOuG
the CLIQUE CLUB EASTER SUNDAY AFTER
NOON (APRIL 1ST) COCKTAIL BENEFIT AT
STORYVILLE WITH THE FABULOUS MOST
ROYAL MAJESTY OF MUSIC" MR.. EDWARD
KENNEDY (DUKEl ELLINGTON AND HIS FA-
NOUS ORCHESTRA playing for four listening
II BE THERE.
Hoping to see you This coming Sunday at
the FiSke Stub of Greater BostonS Annual Musical
Tea, March 18th from to Pm. at ST. Marks
Congregational Church, ZIG Townsend St I went
last Year and it was wonderful affair. Some art
lists OF considerable talents are always presented
and I'm sure this years tea will be even a greater
success than the last :. and The Master Babers
Association of which Jimmy (Cadillac) Guilford is
President are having their first big afternoon af-a
fair on April 18th, and presenting for your enter-9
tainment one of our most famous pianist Mr. En-
rol Garner. Tickets and further Information
can be obtained by ealing GA 1868 and asking
for Jimmy. and incidently he recently from a
trip to sunny Miami, Florida where he represented
race have been permitted to play in all the big
wigs and celebrities and loads of the little ones
the Bay State Golfers Association in the first tour
namant on the beach, that the members of our
bout
My new job as sales woman for the ALL
ston Motor Co. dealers for the DeSoto-Plymouth Di-
vision of the Chryser Corporation for nearly forty
years. AS far as know, I'm first if you dig
me I'm the second woman employed by the
tlrm (there are three of us altogether now
the phone number is Stadium 2-3210 and we're
located at 1873 Brighton Ave in AlSton you have
TO ask for Claire Scurlock now cause they still
haven't caught on to be the Jaybird yet trying
to be real dignifed you know but the Belvedere
and Firedome 8S with the pushbutton drive are the
most Il sell directly from the showroom) and
also can assure you terrific deals on our
WadelnS and used cars so come over and take
look around, there's sure to be something that will
strike your fancy and I'll do my best to see that
you get the best of the bargain it's new
world for me and quite a fascinating one . . lust
please hope and pray with me that I'll sell at least
one car and Soooooon or I won't be at
number 1886 Columbus Ave and That's Sincerely
Jaybird.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
CARD OF THANKS

fhe family of the late Mrs.
Nellie Moore Crichlow here
with extend to their many
relatives and host of friends,
their heartfelt appreciation of
all courtesieS extended includ-
ing flowers, kilograms, cards,
resolutions, visits and inquiries
during their recent bereave-
ment.
Rev. James c. Crichlow,
husband; Gladys Moore Per-
due, daughter; Martin v.
Moore, son, Matte Belle Fin
nagan, adopted daughter and
Col. Alexander R Davis, bro
ther.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

Carman Dillon, West Canton
St, Boston. The election of
officers was held with Soror
Barbara Dawson reelected as
President. Other officers in
Guided Irene Shivers, Vice
President Agnes Johnson, Re-
cording and Correspondent
Secretary, Jaunita Williams,
Treasurer, Annie Laurie Hy-
man, i'm. Sec. Doris Warner
Historian, Adele M. Evans,
Reporter and Mary Holman,
Parliamentarian, Chaplain, So
ror Dawson has also been ap-
Director of the Atlantic Re-
gional.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
Rocks
Continued From Page One

Continued From Page One
1t comes as a tragic shock to
find that SO members of the
Congress violently disagree
and refuse to recognize Con-
stitutional government.
Their manifesto is bound to
have deep political implica-
tions.
1t will make impossible the
further use of the nagician's
trick O. combining the support
and votes of Southern segre-
gationsts and those in the
north who feel most strongly
about racial discrimination"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
CARD OF THANKS

Mrs. Charlotte Timbers
wishes to thank all the ladies'
of the various clubs and
friends, for, their kindness in
sending cards, fruit and flow
ers to her during her past
illness. She is at home now.
and hoping to be active soon.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
Nigerian Art
inLondOn

A cOIOrful date for ballet
dancer MargOt FOnteyn on
hnsa Gs.cE nFsasaI o.1~oc-.
@~~A AAASS ~AANOApA chg ASC
ment since she was appOin-
ted a Dame of the British
Empire was to be the guest
of Chief Michael OkOrOdu-
pu at an exhibition of Nj
gerian art held recently in
London. She is seen talk
ing with Mrs. N. A. Wilson,
wife of the Secretary for
Western Nigeria, and arch
ael0giSt Sir Mortimer Vince
Ter who Opend the exhibi-
ton.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

Ancient Egyptians, whose
embalming secrets have been
lost Through the ages, used
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

Lexington Mass, scene of
the first battle of the REV.
olution, was originally known
as Cambridge Farms.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

honey as a principal ingre-
dent in the embalming
fluid, some experts believe.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17
WISE SAYINGS

IAN ideal wife is a wo-
man with an ideal husband. I"
THE wise learn many things
from their foes"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1956-03-17

II am a citizen Of the
world"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
OAR Chapter Holds
IMuY Meeting

Mrs. Eliot C. Lovett of Chevy
Chase has been elected regent
Of the Chevy Chase chapter
of the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution.
Other officers elected were
Mrs. Joseph w. Kimbrough,
first vice regent; Mrs. M.
Robert Guggenheim. second
vice regent; Mrs. Stafford s..
Fletcher, chaplain; Mrs. Ivan
H. briggs. recording secretary;
Mrs. Alexander M. Walker,
corresponding. secretary; Mrs.
Victor H. Harding. treasurer;
Mrs. William w. Ritnour, as
sistant treasurer; Mrs. Walter
B. McEacheran, registrar; Mrs.
George w. Morey, historian;
Mrs. Robert j. Jarnagin, Ii
brarian; Mrs. Roger j. White
ford, editor; and Mrs. Edwin A.
Merritt, delegate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
SINNERETTES
SCHEDULE SHOW

Wives of delegates to the
national three-day conven-
ton of the Circus Saints q
Sinners converting here
tomorrow, will give a party
and fashion show Friday
night in the Shoreham
Hotel, arranged by Mrs.
Harold r. Robinson, wife Of
the president of both the
national organization and
the ashingt ton tent.
Models will be wives of local
members who will show sum-
mer fashions including the
latest in hats. The distaH
members call themselves the
"SinneretteS."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30

soon enough and bloom out
into q fascinating WON a n
later on.
But. habits of posture and
approach to life are strong. If
you are critical. sensitive, in
tolerant. bored and irritable
for years. it is not going to be
easy suddenly to become the
person you always wanted to
be, especially as the years ac-
cumulate.
Today is the time to begin,
not tomorrow or a year or so
from now, but today. We are
writing our future in what we
do, what We feel, how we act,
how we think, how we APP
proach life, how we stand and
what We eat, today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
.Eleni Speaks
To Students

Star Fashion Editor, Elem,
addressed the Fashion Train
ing Glass being conducted by
the Washington Fashion
Group and the Adult Educa-
ton Program of the D. C. Pub
lie Schools. last night at the
National Housing Authority
auditorium.
She outlined the duties Of a
newspaper fashion editor for
the group explaining to them
that she's really very much a
split personality" Elem said,
"a fashion editor is a news
reporter, speaker, common
tator, and many things to
many people.
Husbands see us as ogres,
wives sometimes as oracles,
and we see ourselves at the
end of a day very tired of
seeing so many clothes"
Next Tuesday nights lee
ture series concludes the six
weeks course in Fashion
Training.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30

wish to be a charming woman
Of 10. II 10 not too soon to
begin working on it.
I have always felt that age
emphasizes the life pattern. II
someone always has been hard
to get along with in youth.
she or he will be harder to
bear when older. I have seen
many examples, on the other
hand. of those who always
were outgiving and under
standing. acquiring an almost
sanity beauty of spirit in older
years.
OF course. sometimes the
opposite happens! The girl
who neglected herself physi-
caily and emotionally in early
youth may realize her mistakes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
WHY GROW OLD?
Begin to Spruce Up
Beauty, Personality

always will have charm unless
neglected.
On the other hand, you may
feel sure that time will deal
unkindly rather than kindly
in some instances. When a
young girl has poor posture,
you usually can be certain
that by 40, and sometimes
earlier. she will have a pro-
truding abdom en-, round
shoulders, a blurred chinline,
and a dowager's hump.
The same thing is true Of
personality to a certain extent.
Someone has said that If you
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
BY KATHARINE M. BROOKS


you are a lover Of Chopin
and Schumann I remember"
said Aunt Natalie" as she sat
down at the piano.
Thereupon Mrs. Lawrence
Townsend, Aunt Natalie to all
her close friends. young and
old, dashed off. several Of the
shorter compositions of both
composers.
The occasion was a call of
one Of her Washington admir-
ers on Mrs. Townsend who is
making her semiannual visit
here as the guest of Mrs. Will
bur J. Carr. The guest is on
her way to her summer place
on Schroon Lake from her
winter home at Passe-a-Grille.
Fla. She spends her days in
the Capital receiving old
friends and calling on others.
At 80 years young. Mrs.
Townsend still is an active
musician and daily practice
keeps her fingers nimble.
Here with her mother is Miss
Yvonne Townsend. Since the
death of Mr.. Townsend both
Mrs. Townsend and her daugh-
ter have been teaching. Miss
Townsend has classes in
French as well as in painting.
Mrs. Townsend has singing
and piano pupils in Pascal
Grille and Schroon Lake.
The Townsends were leaders
In social circles of the Capital.
Mrs. Towsend has sponsored
more than one teacher Of
singing from Europe. She
herself studied with the lead
ers of that day when Mr..
Townsend, assigned to foreign
capitals, made it possible for
her to be near enough to Jean
and Edouard de Rozske in
Paris, Lii Lehman in Germany
and other masters in Italy.
Although she has a thorough
knowledge of music and has
been a delightful singer. she
never used that gift profess
Sionally. In fact all Of her la
borS in the music field, with
the exception of her Morning
Musicales in Washington, have
been nonprofessional.
It was through Mrs. Town
send that Mr.. and Mrs. Lean
der Mccormick Goodhart met,
and it is a matter of much
regret to all three that Mrs.
Townsend's visit came after
the McCormick-G o o d harts
sailed for England.
The latter will be guests at
one of the June garden parties,
at which time Mrs. McCor-
mick Goodhart will be pre-
sented to her majesty, Queen
Elizabeth II for the first time.
She is a native of Australia
and Mr.. Mccormick Goodhart
came to Washington as Com
mercial Attache of the British
Embassy many years ago.
One of the many honorS
bestowed on Mrs. Townsend
was the Handel Medal of the
City of Halle. The presentation
was made by the then German
Ambassador Hans Dieckhoff
back in 1888. Belgium also has
honored Mrs. Townsend for
her untiring efforts in behalf
of the refugees of World War 1,
and a gold medal set in a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30

by the Montgomery County
Federation Of Women's Clubs.
The funds have been ear
marked to provide scholarships
for area teachers attending
summer teachers Workshop at
Eastern Junior High School in
Silver Spring.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
Aunt Natalie Townsend
Pays WASHINGTON Visit

vanity box was presented to
her by King Edward VII and
Queen Alexandra of England
on the occasion Of their
coronation.
Mrs. Townsend and daugh-
ter Yvonne expect to be back
in the fall for another brief
stay among old friends.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30
BY JOSEPHINE LOWMAN

The incipient signs which
indicate what q woman is
going to look like and be like
at middle age and older, are
sometimes discernible in youth.
They often are written in her
posture and figure and out
look early in life.
OF course, general bony
structure of the body and face
play their part. You may
know that the contour Of a
certain body or face or the
verve of a certain personality
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30

ALEXANDRIA: SIS HorA wo.h~s'o" Street, kI'S $1,000
Mo"doy rAundoy F"doy 30 80; es' v.ss dor. 'so~s
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-30

Aid Scholarship Fund
The United Cerebral Palsy
Of Montgomery County. Inc.
and the Montgomery County
Association for Retarded Chill
dren recently were recipients
Of check donations presented
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09
FREEMAN SAYS HE YELLED GUNP0WDER ON 0ARD SUNKEN SHIP

SEATTLE -R- A fireman 'om the freighter Washington fail, which broke in two and sank l the Gulf of Alaska Saturday, estified he smelled gunpowder moke before the disaster.
 Frank c. Livanas, 37, of Seattle, oalled as a witness on the second ay of the Coast Guard inquiry, 9stified he heard what sounded Ike a "blast" when the ship split moderately rough weather. My rst though was that we were on re. There was plenty of white noke visible. There as no mistak- lg it."
 He explained he'd smell gum
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09

dustfy, inc, George johansen, the Union secretary said.
 Among the demands of the un- ion, which has about 3,700 mem bers, is a 10 per cent wage increase and pension plan. Three meetings have been held.
 There has been general agree ment on all supplemental agree ments in all areas of Alaska ex- cept in Bristol Bay which is under discussion. The Bristol Bay con- tract will be negotiated later.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09

seemed to have something to do with Alaska Public Works money while actual construction was held in abeyance. Mayor Vern Smith went to Juneau today to see what could be done about it.
 Perhaps with a strong man" Governor under that proposed con- stitution it would be simple. His ENcellency could say: How many votes you got down there, Vern? We'll build your seawan, we want those votes in our column or else we build that project at Haines."
 U. ".
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09

powder quite s number of times during his six years in the Navy
 T saw a ship explode in 1854. It was the same kind of smell.''
 The ships Captain, Dudley Dar- rant, Seattle, has told interviewers he did not know what caused the freighter to crack.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09
CONTRACT MEETINGS
 TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, IN SEATTLE ON WAGES

SEATTLE -R- Regular meet ings are scheduled for Tuesday and Thursdays for contract negitiations between the Alaska Fishermen's Union and the Alaska Salmon h.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09
At Churches
ASSEMBLY OF GOD Rev. Richard A. Hendricks

Rev. Richard A. Hendricks
 Pastor Sunday School 10:00 a. m Morning Worship, 11:00 a. m. Young Peoples Meeting, p. n Evangelistic Service, s p. m.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1956-03-09

Saturday: Church School 10 a. m.
 Sunday: 9:3O- a. m. Senior High group and breakfast.
 11:00 a. m. Morning Prayer and Sermon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-21
Bomber Crash Report Starts
2-Hour Wild Goose Chase

willing to believe reports from
nearby airfields that no planes,
were lost or unaccounted for.
The Army. a policeman an
nounced. has said it is holding
spring maneuyers a short dis
lance away.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-21
Scholarship Dinner

The Calvert School Mothers
Guild will hold its annual schol-
arship dinner from to 8 pm
tomorrow at the school, TIT
Rhode Island avenue NV. Pro-
Iceeds will be used for a schol-
Iarship to a Catholic high school
for children graduating from
Calvert in June.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-21

Reports last night Of the crash
Of a four-engine bomber near
Fort Meade, Md. sent scores OF
State Police, several rescue
squads, Army personnel, hum
dreds of civilians and District
newsmen on a two-hour wild
goose chase to Jericho Park,
Md, north of the Bowie race
track.
From 8 to 10 pm. the search
ers sped along narrow country
roads and crept through dense
woods south of the post looking
for the Inflated plane. 1t finally
was decided that maneuvers at
Fort Meade must have given rise
to false reports.
Explosion Reported
Mrs. Clark Webster. who lives
or the Patuxent Research Refuge
south of the fort, said she saw
big flashes and an explosion or
two" about 7:30 pm. She called
Walter Stewart of the Bowie
Rescue Squad.
State police at Waterloo Bar
racks said they had been told
a four-engine bomber was three
or four hours overdue at An
drews Air Force Base.
1--WE believe a plane has
crashed" an officer said.
Then the race was on.
'Copter Joins Search
The base dispatched a hell
copter to search the scene from
the air. Police and civilian cars
swarmed onto the dirt roads
leading to Jericho Park. Army
personnel by the carloads sped
to the alleged scene of tragedy
Teen-agers in hot-rod cars bar
relied their way through traffic
BY 10 pm. everyone appeared
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-21
"FUTURAMA"
lipsticks by ReVlOn
LIS to 1875

LIS to 1875
Plus tar
You'll treasure these exciting neW cases
for years and saUe n,oney-for all you
replace is the Epstick.
From now on. all you buy is your Revon lipstick
shade. Your "Futurama" case goes on and on
like jewelry ivan Cleep & Arpels, famous jeweler.
designed them for Revlon). New shades click
into your case in seconds, and the lpstick never
touches your hands, '"Futurama" cases. incud-
ing Revlon's Living. Lanolite or Regular lpstick,
start at LIS New lpsticks are just 90c (you save
as much as Csc on your next lipstick)l
CLICK-IT'S IN. CLICK-IT'S OUT
The lipstick in 'Futurama" never touches your
hands.
Kanns Toiletries, Street Floor, Washington and
Arlington
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17
39c-59c ChiIslreis's
Sample Socks

Fancy tops or plain. Stripes.
patternsl Wonderful buys for
boys or girls +. Sizes 5 to 1917.
A pairs, 81
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17

Many styles - round collars!
pointed coilarsi convertibles!
Favored short sleeves -. White.
pastels. Sizes 9 to 14.----.l.0O
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17
2.99-3.5O Boys
Sport Shirts

Famous makerl Short-sleeve
sport shirts In sanforized cot.
tons! Big style selection. $40.
l.60 ca; 3 for SIS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17

Fine quality cottons smooth
fit, reinforced corners. Need no
ironingl Fits all standard crib
mattresses. -----------9 4e
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17

Everglaze--keeps Its crispness
through repeated washings!
Some princess styles. some with
adjustable straps. White. l-6x.
I.50 each; 2 for So
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-17

The Hecht Co.'S own brand. high
in quality low in price. Absor-
bent. fast-dry, pinked edges. COX
40-in. size ZIP for 2.84