davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25

heavy pressure, but refused to inter-
vene. On March q. 1913, the Gov
ernor slipped out Of Richmond for
the Atlantic City speaking engage
ment the next day--which also was
the scheduled date Of the execution.
Work on Lieutenant Governor
AS soon as his absence became
known, counsel and prominent citi-
zens went to work on 1t, Gov.
j. Taylor Ellyson. He agreed to
confer with them at pm. He was
beseeched to assume the duties Of
Governor because Of the Governors
removal from the State" The
Rev. George Mcdaniel arranged for
Atty. Gen. Samuel w. Williams TO
give an opinion on the lieutenant
governors powers.
His opinion. at midnight. was
hat 1t. Gov. Ellyson did not have
the authority TO stay the executions
but he said he would be glad 10
study the matter further at his
ONCE at 8 am.--one hour after the
time scheduled for the executions
Attorney General Williams then
asked the penitentiary superin-
tendent TO postpone the electrocu-
tions from 2 am. TO ] pm.
Meanwhile, Gov. Mann, was in
formed by an aide Of what was
going on In Virginia. He was
aroused about 1880 am. at q Phila-
delphia hotel and by 2:i5 am.
according 10 the account, he was
on q train for Washington.
Az 8 am. he wired B. o. James,
Secretary Of the Commonwealth.
Il win be on Virginia soil at
$3.50 am. and viii be In my once
at the Capitol b 1880 am.
Upon arrival at his ONCE. he
called the prison superintendent.
Maj. James B. Wood. and ordered
him 70 proceed 10 carry out the
death penalty.
Floyd was pronounced dead ~
1871 pm. and Claude at i:47 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25

gomery Juvenile Court is located
in the county's table Of organiza-
ton" at the level of the Peoples
Court, which two years ago replaced
trial magistrates as the lower court
system of that county.
The Advisory Committee has
presented its recommendation to
the county's delegation to the State
Legislature. which passed 1t on to
the county's bar association which
referred it to its Peoples Court
Committee. The committee is to
report back at the bars next meet
ing on December 3.
The advisory committees pro-
posal would involve amending the
State constitution and that would
mean waiting until 1858 for such an
amendment to be voted on in the
general election.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25

in the last Congress the Senate
Armed Services Committee recon-
mended to President Eisenhower
that he send an expedition to the
Antarctic for, among other things,
1.-The purpose of validating the terri
torial claims of the United States"
Pressure for action of that sort
may well be intensified during and
after the coming International
Geophysical Year when special
technical studies will be conducted
by teams from half a dozen nations
in the south polar area. If, as
suspected, the Antarctic holds out
the key to many scientific puzzles
meteorological, ionoSpheric, cli-
mactic and geomagnetic-political
conflicts in the continent may
swiftly come to head.
Unanswered Questions
How are these to be resolved?
Will today'S world be willing to
recognize a claim based on the
planting of flag, the erection of q
monument, or even token occupa-
ton like the 81 sailors Columbus
left on Haiti in 1893? Will brute
force be the answer?
Chances are that these methods
will not work today, but what will?
In modern times the Interna-
tional Court of Justice at The
Hague has ruled Degrading q
Denmark-N Norway squabble over
Greenland that there must be at
least "the intention and will to act
as sovereign and some actual ex-
ercise or display of such authority"
in order to acquire new territory.
In other words, emphasis should be
on practical control rather than
mere possession or settlement.
On the other hand, as pertains to
the Antarctic, some countries are
championing a sector" formula
whereby the continent would be
divided up in pie-shaped, longitude
nal sectors to be controlled by the
nearest major land mass falling be-
tween the same meridians.
Whether either Of these methods,
or U. N. trusteeship, will work re-
mains to be seen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
VIRGINIA
The Case of the Absent Governor

tial Southwest Virginia clan, was
sentenced to a year in prison for
a relatively minor crime. Judge
Thornton L. Massie. presiding at
the Carroll County Courthouse. re-
fused to set aside the verdict.
Floyd Allen. his sons, brothers
and three nephews. pulled out pis-
tolls and began shooting up the
courtroom. Beside the five dead.
six others. including Clerk Dexter
Goad, we're wounded.
Gov. Mann sent Judge Waller
A. Staples Of Roanoke Corporation
Court into Carroll County to re-
establish the machinery for justice
there.
A quickly impaneled grand jury
returned indictments promptly
Floyd Allen was picked up along
with a nephew who later yas ac-
quilted s. Floyd Landreth. now
the jovial State Senator from Galax
and former State chairman Of the
Republican Party. was appointed
Commemorative attorney 10 prose-
cute the case inaSmuch as all senior
members Of the Carroll County Bar
would be witnesses or retained by
the Aliens as their counsel. The
case was removed TO Wytheville
for trial.
Floyd and his brother Claude
were convicted Of FIRST degree MUIR
der. The others were convicted or
pleaded guilty 10 second-degree
murder and received long SEN
fences.
Through some Of the States lead
ing attorneys, the Allen brothers
appealed twice 70 the Virginia Su-
preme Court and once to the United
States Supreme Court. Their at
torneys included Richard Evelyn
Byrd. Daniel c. OFlaherty and
NJ. j. Fulton.
Failing in all appeals. they then
went to Gov. Mann for q pardon
or Communication Of the death SEN
fences. The Governor was under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
MARYLAND
Juvenile Court Reforms Are Pushed
In Prince Georges and Montgomery

Prime motive for the committees
proposed legislation seems to be
the desire to bring the Montgomery
setup in line with recommendation
Of the State Bar Association, the
old Sobeloff Commission and the
standard juvenile court act of the
National Probation and Parole AS
ISOLATION.
All Of these groups have recon-
mended that juvenile offenders be
dealt with at the highest, rather
than the lowest court level in each
county and Baltimore City. This
already is done in the city and in
10 of Maryland's % counties. al
though in most of these counties,
this means merely that juvenile
cases are taken directly to the cir
cult court. by-passing the trial
magistrates.
Double Duty Courts
Prince Georges is one OF the I'VE
counties which deals with juvenile
offenders at the trial magistrates
level, but unlike Montgomery, it
has no special trial magistrate (or
peoples court judge assigned full
time to hear Juvenile cases. The
county's two trial magistrates turn
their hats around on specified days
and sit as juvenile court judges.
This system, which has been In
effect since l947. has failed TO keep
pace with the county's booming
post-World War II growth and a
startling increase in juvenile cases.
Until recently. most interested
county groups had pressed for
Prince Georges to adopt a separate
Montgomery-style juvenile court on
the trial magistrates level. This
never got anywhere. though, and
one Of the chief reasons was the
fact that the county bar association
not only opposed the Montgomery
plan but failed 10 come up with
an alternative reform Of its own.
This, at long last. was rectified
the other day when the associa-
ton. after being goaded for more
than a year by some of It's younger
lawyers. adopted recommends
ton Of It's Legislative Committee
that all juvenile cases be elevated
70 the circuit court and that the
circuit court be authorized 10 APP
point master for juvenile
causes" to hold preliminary hear
ingS and make recommendation 10
the court.
The bar association plan Is sim
ilar 70 the one used BY Baltimore
City and Baltimore County. Il IL
noteworthy that from July. 1855.
when Baltimore County's master
FIRST started hearing juvenile cases.
until this past September, al OF
his some $50 recommendation In
juvenile cases we're accepted as
final decisions BY the circuit court
judges.
There Il every reason 70 believe
that the Prince Georges legislators
will try in the coming session Of
the General Assembly this winter 70
give the county what the bar as
ISOLATION has Suggested. since ia
almost exactly what they were on
the brink Of doing Themselves two
years ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
BY ALEX R. PRESTON

Two men who shot up a court
room. killing the judge. the prose-
cutor. the sheriff, a juror and
spectator, almost escaped the cleo
trio chair because a Virginia Gov
ernor was temporarily absent from
the State.
This lively bit Of history occurred
in Virginia's relatively recent past
about A years ago.
Last week, this column posed
some hypothetical emergencies that
could arise during the absence Of
the Governor from Virginia soil.
The question was. discussed in con-
nection with Gov. Stanley's recent
five-week tour Of Europe in connec-
ton with next years festival COM
memorating the 350th anniversary
Of the settling Of Jamestown, Va.
The State constitution spells out
certain conditions under which the
Lieutenant Governor shall assume
the chief executives duties. One
of those conditions is in the event
Of the Governors removal from
the State"
This does not mean. Of course.
that 1t. Gov. A. e. S. Stephens
takes over every time Gov. Stanley
vacations at Hobe Sound at Sea
Island, Ca, or. for that matter, goes
to Europe.
Another Incident Recalled
Since last weeks column APP
peared. the episode Of the court
room massacre was brought 10 this
writer's attention. Credit is given
70 George w. Rogers Of the Rich
mond News-Leader for the histor-
ical research.
This is a bOiled-down version OF
his account Of what almost hap
pened when Gov. William Hodges
Mann went 10 Atlantic City to MI
. speaking engagement:
on March ~. 1919. Floyd Allen.
leader Of . prominent and in1uen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
DISTRICT
History Hints Outcome
Of Toxi Meter Dispute

saying 1t was moot because Of the
congressional action.
The congressional action had de-
veloped In two steps. Almost inn
mediately after Congress recon-
venened In 1882. the House-on
January approved without OBJ
lection something called House Res
olution 30, This stated as the I'M
animous feeling Of the House that
Major General Mason M. Patrick,
chairman Of the Public Utilities
Commission, should rescind imme-
diately his order requiring taxicabs
in the District Of Columbia to be
placed on meter basis" This had
been offered by Joseph w. Byrns,
Democrat Of Tennessee, who served
as majority leader in the following
Congress and as Speaker Of the
House in the one after that.
Then, on April u, 1892, the House
adopted the rider quoted above ~ an
Appropriations Committee amend
ment offered by Mr.. Cannon during
floor debate on the District budget.
Argument for Meters
In between, at committee hear
ings on the budget. Gen. Patrick
had argued it would be impossible
to devise zone system that is
fair to the City Of Washington,
fair to the drivers and fair to the
public"
Under the meter system, he con-
tended. the rider pays in proper
ton to the distance he travels and
pays a very small sum-"
With the first zone rate then set
at 20 cents, Mr. Blanton inquired,
Il use a taxicab sometimes four or
flve times a day to go from the
House once building to a depart
ment or from the Capitol over to
my apartment, which is about four
blocks from here. When you change
these rates, as you propose to do,
I will pay Is cents?"
Gen. Patrick-You will pay Is
cents.
Mr.. Blanton-Instead of the 20
cents I now pay to go over there;
is that right?
Gen. Patrick-Yes; unless you
tip the driver with your 2O-cent
rate.
Mr.. Blanton-So I will be paying
IS cents and. If ! am a good sport
and want to tip the driver, after
paying the IS cents to the (cab
company I will have to pay the
driver 10, IS or rs cents, won't I?
Gen. Patrick-You may pay him
any amount you want to.
Mr.. Blanton-Yes; but now /
could ride for 20 cents, and when
you put your rate in maybe I will
walk. s. Does the District furnish
you with an automobile, General?
Gen. Patrick-Yes, sir.
Mr.. Blanton-and with a chauf-
feur?
Gen. Patrick-Yes, sir.
Mr.. Blanton-Well the Govern.
ment does not furnish me with any
automobile and does not furnish
me with q chauffeur, and I am
trying my best to make you furnish
me with q 20-cent rate for q taxi
cab. which all the independent
drivers (who. at the height Of the
depression. couldn't afford meterO
want.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
BY HARRY BACAs

A businessman diplomat with
some new-fashioned ideas about
presenting Americas case to the
world is speaking for the United
States this month at a formation
UNESCO conference in New Delhi.
Stanley c. Allyn. president of the
National Cash Register Co. of Day.
ton, Ohio. is heavy jawed man in
q double-breasted suit and the dip
lomat's role is new to him. A bust
nessman representing the so-called
"Businessmen's Administration" he
was appointed by President Eisen-
hover to head the United States
delegation at the Ninth General
Conference of the United Nations
Educational Scientific and Gull
tural Organization tUNESCO).
The conference, five weeks long
and the largest ever held in Asia.
is setting UNESCO policies for the
coming year. 1t is also serving as
a battle-ground for Western and
Eastern ideas.
Mr., Allyn is perfectly aware OF
the East-West battle and its con-
sequences. For years. as a spokes-
man Of business. he has been say
ing that the United States is doing
poor job of selling democracy
abroad, Sloganizing about the
American way of life" he has said.
ais empty chatter to a man with
an empty stomach" and Americas
message to the world is not getting
across to millions who reject and
resent our craftsmanship on social
and political ideas"
Corn Belt Product
At the age Of SIS. Stanley Allyn
Is a symbol Of the new American
businessman. A product of the
Midwest corn belt. he has become
a world traveller and self-appointed
philosopher on Americas place in
the world. He cot that way out Of
plain business Necessity.
National Cash Register-known
simply as MGR 10 its employees
has been In world trade for II OF
its ~ years. It does business in
some 100 countries. It's overseas
sales last year topped 500 million.
or more than 20 per cent OF its total
volume.
With so much Of its business in
foreign countries. MGR and the
men who run It have had 10 learn
az first hand how 70 live with
people who know nothing Of the
American way OF life. Stanley
Allyn. head Of the firm since 1870.
has spent good part OF the last
10 years outside the United States.
Describing some OF the things
his company has learned abroad.
Nj Allyn. In a recent talk to q
Harvard Business School confer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
BY PHIL YEAGER

Boiling pools of international
tension continue to erupt all over
the globe. but paradoxically the
hottest hot spots" of them all
could turn out to be the planets
two coolest regions the Arctic
and the Antarctic.
Nations everywhere are reach
ing out exploratory, tentatively
grasping, fingers into the earth'S
two remaining realms-that- belong
to-nobody. Some countries are al
ready making claims to dominion
and are asserting sovereignty.
other nations, India particularly,
are fearful that this scramble for
the poles may get out of hand.
They are reported ready to urge
that the polar zones be placed
under a United Nations trusteeship
and held for the benefit of the
international community.
That may work out; but the
way things are going at the mo-
rnent it seems doubtful.
AS was the case with England
and France in the current Suez
crisis, there appears to be too
much at stake" Only this time,
especially in regard to the Arctic,
the conflict Of interest will directly
concern the worlds atomic giants,
the United States and the Soviet
Union. This time, too, there may
be no restraining force of world
opinion based on precedent and
international law-for the simple
reason that these things do not
exist so far as the poles are con-
cerned
Arctic Has Military VoIue
The North Pole is far more i'm
portant than the South Pole from a
strictly military point of view due
to the geographical location of the
great military powers. all of which
are in the Northern Hemisphere.
1t has tremendous value from the
standpoint of military bases,
weather prediction and control, and
scientific research.
Those who listen closely to Radio
Moscow report that the Soviets
have now established at least six
drift stations" around the North
Pole, presumably for scientific pur-
poses. These stations are complete
with prefabricated buildings and air
strips Regular flights are main
tanned between them and the ST.
berian mainland. Moreover, it is
reported that a second Trans
Siberian railroad is under construc-
ton in the permafrost regions with
in the Arctic Circle, development
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
100 MUCH EMPTY CHATTER
Businessmen Turns Diplomat

ing to see how much of his sue
cessful sales philosophy Stanley
Allyn can translate into diplomatic
terms. International conferences
these days have a way of turning
into debates over communism and
democracy as rival ways of life,
with the uncommitted nations of
the world sitting by as judges.
While believing that the Amer
lean way of life is a noble stand
ard, Mr. Allyn admits with q smile
that he has learned the necessity
of adapting the product to the
market" For example he cites his
company's troubles in Egypt. many
months before the Suez crisis.
Egypt was undergoing a power
full wave of nationalism, he said.
1T extended right down to the fact
that the Egyptians. proud Of keep
ing their business records in Arabic
refused to adopt a less cumber-
some system"
Meeting this spirit head-on, Ma
tional Cash Register built special
bookkeeping machines for Egypt
which speak mathematical Ara
bic" 1t meant designing machines
which were different from top to
bottom. The fact that the Arabic
language reads from right to left
was only a minor problem. A much
greater was one was the fact that
instead Of the 26 letters and 10
digits Of the English counting
system, Arabic has a combination
Of 70 letters and figures. 1t was q
keyboard designers nightmare.
But the company made the
machines and sold them in large
quantities to Egyptian businessmen
and the Egyptian government.
Meeting Ground Necessary
why is it," he asks, that BUSH
ness finds way to survive and grow
in the face Of the same obstacles
which seem TO stifie understanding
among nations?" The reason. he be-
lieves. is that business is forced TO
acquire an understanding Of the
customs and the traditions and pre-
ferences Of a people and to conduct
itself accordingly. You either estab-
fish a common meeting ground. or
you do not do business"
In his new role as temporary
ambassador to the world. Mr.. Allyn
has a chance 10 test the rule he
once laid down TO a group Of buSi-
nessmen.
4 remember saying once that
doing business overseas is largely
a matter Of learning to live with the
complexities and TO roll with the
punches. ! still agree with that
statement, but I would like 70 add
to At now by saying that the
rewards-if you suceeed.are worth
the effort. many. many times over"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
ANOTHER GO-ROUND
Congress to Look Again
At Tight Money Policy

there would be more money around,
and loans would be easier to get.
Money would be easy" again
That the Board does not follow
policy of easy money" is due to
its fear of imitation and the conse-
quenceS. The present administra-
ton, too. eschews initiation. It's slo-
gan is "a sound dollar" The board,
of course. is "nonpolitical. Most of
its members in fact are Democratic
appointees. The Secretary of the
Treasury, on the other hand. is a
full-t1edged member of the Repub-
lican administration.
New Council Proposed
All this lends interest to a pro-
posal made before the American
Bankers Association by Elliott v.
Bell, editor Of Business Week. In
stead Of the present setup, described
above, Mr.. Bell wants to knock all
their heads together by having Con-
gress create National Economic
Council, which would include the
Secretary of the Treasury and the
chairmen of the Council of Eco
nomic Advisors and the Federal
Reserve Board, with others. The
council would determine the Gov
ernment's basic economic policies.
To the President Mr.. Bell would
give the power to resolve conflicts"
The Federal Reserve Board would
no longer, in Mr.. Bells words, be
free to tell the head of its own
Government to go fly a kite"
In the l940s the Hoover Commits
sion advocated a National Monetary
and Credit Council. The idea re-
ceived cautious personal indorse-
ment from Federal Reserve Chair
man Thomas B. McCabe in 1949.
But the Bell suggestion goes much
further.
Interestingly enough, the Treas
ury was the first to throw cold
water on the Bell plan. Federal
Reserve Board Governor j. L.
Robertson publicly denounced it.
Financial writer's in New York and
elsewhere commented cauStically on
the proposal. The gist of all these
criticisms is that nothing should be
done to undermine the independ-
ence Of the Federal Reserve Board.
Since the board deals with the
value Of our money and has been
entrusted with the task of moder-
ating tendencies toward imitation or
deflation in so far as it can-and
admittedly it is not omnipotent
or omniscient-it should be pro-
tected from politics.
Despite the cold reception thus
far accorded it, the Bell blueprint
of a National Economic Council is
bound to receive further attention
on Capitol Hill. Not only during
the Patman hearings in December,
but when the Congress examines
the Presidents economic report in
January. Also, it may be that in
the course of the scheduled Senate
banking hearings members will have
opportunities to question those who
would constitute any National Eco
nomic Council.
Meanwhile, the Fed" retains its
independence. That is, it remains
independent so long as no emer-
gency arises. For in emergency the
President can dictate to the board,
as we learned during the banking
holiday of 1888 and again when
consumer credit was controlled by
Executive order in 1941. Without.
new legislation the board may be
ordered to fly the Presidents kite if
danger threatens. Until then it
is free, in its chairman's words, to
lean against the wind"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-25
MARYLAND
BY GENE GOODWIN

Juvenile Court reforms are being
pressed in both Montgomery and
Prince Georges Counties.
They seem to have the best
chance Of succeeding in Prince
Georges This is fortunate, because
the need is so much greater there
MONTGOMERY already has a sep
arate. fully stated juvenile court
that has been viewed as model by
some of those seeking to reform the
outmoded way in which Prince
Georges deals with its young
offenders.
However, the Montgomery County
Juvenile Court Advisory Committee
wants all juvenile cases to be han
died by an additional fourth judge
on the county's highest bench, the
Circuit Court. The present Mont