davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
Final Result

Further information about the
Fairfax stone was made available
through the Parsons Advocate of
July 10. which is the following:
The State of Maryland protested
all of the Fairfax surveys, claimed
the South Branch to be the main
river, and that line from the head
waters of the South Branch to the
Mason and Dixon Line was Mary
lands western boundary. Since the
head waters of the South Branch
are in Highland county, Va, an APP
proval of Maryland's claim would
have cut the State of West Virginia
in twain. jefferson, Berkeley and
Morgan counties would have re-
manned in West Virginia but would
have been cut off from the re-
mainder of the state by a pan
handle of Maryland which would
have included all of Mineral COun-
ty. the greater portion of Grant
County. and huge portions OF
Hampshire, Hardy, Pendleton, Ran
dolph and Tucker Counties.
The Supreme Court of the United
States decided that the North
Branch is the main stream of the
Potomac and turned down Mary
lands claim. A joint commission
from the two states finally reached
an agreement whereby Maryland'S
western boundary should termi-
nate and the southern boundary be-
gin at the point where the line
from the Mason and Dixon line
touches the Potomac River and this
placed the site of the head waters
about a mile north of the original
site.
The western boundary of the
Fairfax land grant was to begin at
the Fairfax stone and run a south
eastward course to the head waters
of the Rappahannock river. At the
close of the Revolutionary War all
of Lord FairfaX's property was
seized by the State of Virginia be-
cause he was Tory and his vast
estate was thrown open to settlers.
The State of Maryland erected a
boundary marker where Maryland
Highway No. 81 and IT, S Highway
PIG intersect, three miles south of
Red House
The Fairfax Stone actually is not
stone at all. II is made of concrete.
Souvenir hunters have broken off
and carried away about a foot of
the top and it now stands approx
mately eighteen inches square at
its base and about three feet in
height.
The present Fairfax Stone was
erected in 1910 The original Fair
fax Stone erected in October. l746,
was constructed of four pieces of
sandstone built up to an apex. four
and half feet in height. The base
stone was square and measured
two and a half feet on each side II
was sunk to a level with the sur
face and three stones formed the
pyramid, two of which were each
two feet high and the cap-Stonc
six inches in height, all cut true
and joined together. There was no
date but on each side of the mid
die stone of the pyramid were cut
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
EVANSVILLE
Elementary P.-T.A. Meets

The Grantsville Elementary
school held its monthly P.-TA.
meeting on Monday evening with
Michael Duda, president, presiding
A. B. Dean, principal, extended
greetings. A Thanksgiving program
was presented by the 9th grade
under the direction of Mrs. Eliza
beth Williams. The End grade
rhythm band played several selec-
tions under the direction of Mrs
Zeola Robson and Mrs Jennie
Stark
The school band played several
selections under the direction of
Louis Michael, music instructor A
panel discussion was held on "A
Good Lunch. Those participating
were: A. B. Dean, Mrs. Fern Ep-
stein, Mrs Kenneth Bucket; cafe
terra workers, Mrs Walter Swartz-
welder, Mrs. Raymond Miller and
Mrs. Harold Butler.
Mrs. Elizabeth Williams 9Th
grade room, won the prize for
having the most parents present.
Refreshments were served by the
third grade rooms, the teachers are
Miss Esther Opel and Mrs, Fern
Epstein.
lMPA To Meet
The IMPA Group will holds its
final meeting next week There
were "a enrolled in the first year
and % in the second year. Miss
Esther Opel and Mrs. Vera Mus
sard are the leaders.
The first year met with the fol-
lowing Legislators Harry c. Ed
wards and Jesse Ashby; Welfare
Board, Robert Stemple; County
Roads, W. w Dewitt; Board of
Education, Willard L. Hawkins.
superintendent of schools and Ross
Speicher, president of the Board
of Education; County Treasurer,
Joseph WEIGH.
The second year met with the
following; State Police, Cpl Sam
Conrad; State Senator Clifford
Friend State Forester Thomas
Thayer. They also held a health
meeting.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06

actually ran the line. and that,
therefore, there is no Deakins line.
Mr.. Price sought to explain to the
court that the Deakins line must
be accepted with notifications, and
then sought further to strengthen
his case by claiming that Maryland
had, in effect, acquiesced in the
Deakins line both by granting land
patents under that line and by the
Constitution of 1852, when the Fair
fax stone was named as the start
ing point of the boundary line be-
tween the two states. Here Mr..
Justice Holmes suggested that the
doctrine of laches, while holding
between individuals, might perhaps
under conditions not be applied
to states.
There is an impression that the
Supreme Court will issue an order
directing a new survey under con-
ditions which it will prescribe.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
GORTNER

Pastor and Mrs. Memo J. Brunk
and son, John. of Riverside church,
Hartman. w. Va. spent Sunday at
S. w. Slabach's and Ross Lichty's.
Pastor Brunk preached both morn
ing and evening on "Perils to Vic
toriOus Christian Living"
William CARRIER and Delbert
Swartzentruber. of Ohio. were
among those home for the deer
season.
Mr. and Mrs. William Bennett,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06

Kempton, spent Tuesday evening
at Simon SwartZcntrubcr's
Mr. and Mrs Jonas Schelfel and
children, of Lancaster, spent from
Thursday evening TO Sunday with
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Dan
Lichty, and going from there to
his home near Meyersdale to visit
an uncle from Oregon.
Clara CARRIER, MIR and Mrs. AL
bert Sisk were calling on the
John RowanS, Mt Lake Park.
ID L. Swartzentruber and fami-
ly were at Casselman. on Sunday
Mrs. Noah Schrock. Mrs. Otis
Swiger Mrs Joni Miller and others
were helping Mrs. Crist CARRIER
quilt on Wednesday,
Dan Peachy spent the weekend
with his home folks near Meyers
dale
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
from Baltimore Sun
of November 3, 1909.

Washington, November 3.tSpec-
ial)-The Question of the boundary
line between Maryland and West
Virginia that has been in dispute
almost since the colony of Mary
land was founded by Lord Balti
more, and that was in the Supreme
Court nearly three-quarters of
century ago, came up again today in
the Supreme Court of the United
States. The state of West Virginia
was represented by Mr. George E.
Price, of Charleston, who explained
to the court that Attorney General
Conley, of West Virginia, was de-
tanned by reason of the suit between
West Virginia and Virginia over the
settlement of the debt question.
Maryland was represented by At
torney General Straus, Mr. Ed
ward H. Sincell and by Mr. w l..
Rawls, of Baltimore, who was adj
mitted to practice before the Su
preme Court.
On huge stands hung maps of
Maryland and West Virginia, show
ing the territory in dispute. the To-
cation of the historic Fairfax stone,
which has now disappeared; the
Potomac stone. which marks the
point which Maryland claims is the
starting point of the boundary line;
the grants of land in the disputed
territory that were issued to Vir-
ginia and by Maryland the Michler
line run by Lieutenant Michler
under the commission of 1851, the
alleged Deakins line Of 1889 and
number of other points that are of
importance in the issue.
SnceII's Interesting Argument.
This morning Mr.. Sincell address,
ed the court on behalf of Maryland.
For years Mr.. Sincell has devoted
his time to the study of the histori-
cal data involved He addressed
himself principally to the history
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
No Nagging
BaCkaChe Means a
Good Night'sSIeep

Nagging backache headache. or muscular
aches and pains may come on with over-eNer-
ton, emotional upsets or day to day stress and
strain And folks who eat and drink unwisely
sometimes suffer mild bladder irritation
...with that restless, uncomfortable feeling.
If you are miserable and worn out because
by their pain relieving action, by their sooth-
ing effect to ease bladder irritation, and by
their mild duretie action through the kidneys
tending to increase the output of the 10
miles of kidney tubes.
So if nagging backache makes you feel
dragged-out. miserable, with restless. Sleep
less nights, don'twat. try Doan's Pills getthe
same happy relief millions have enjoyed for
over 60 years. Ask for new. large. economy
size and save money. Get DOan's Pills today
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
NOTICE OF
STOCKHOLDERS MEETING
The Garrett National Bank in
Oakland, Maryland

The regular annual meeting ol
the Stockholders of The Garrett
National Bank in Oakland. Mary
land, will be held at its banking
house in Oakland, Maryland, on
Tuesday, January s, 1857
at the hour of 200 o'clock p. NJ
for the purpose of elcctinG a Board
Of Directors for the ensuing year
and for the transaction of any
business that may be brought be
fore them.
H. c. RIGGS, Cashier.
ADV. 41-5t.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
NOTICE OF
STOCKHOLDERS MEETING
The First National Bank of
Oakland, Maryland

The regular annual meeting of
the Stockholders of the First Ma
tional Bank of Oakland, Maryland,
will be held at its banking house in
Oakland. Maryland, on
Tuesday, January 8, 1857
at 1000 o'clock A. NJ, for the pur-
pose of electing a Board of Direc-
tors for the ensuing year and for
the transaction of any other bust
ness that may be brought before
them
GEORGE *. LITTMAN. Cashier
ADV 41-5t.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
NOTICE OF
STOCKHOLDERS MEETING
The First National Bank of
Friendsville, Maryland

The regular annual meeting of
the Stockholders of the First Ma
tional Bank of Friendsville, Mary
land for the election of directors
and the transaction of any other
business that may come before the
injecting, will be held at the office
of said bank on
Tuesday. January s. 1857
Polls open from 300 o'clock P.
NJ.
H. c. BECK, Cashier
ADV. 41-5t
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
RHEUMATISM - ARTHRITIS
Neuritis-SciatIca

Neuritis-SciatIca
Relief from those torturIng pains
or no charge. An absolute proven
remedy. Only one trip required
Disabled persons may send q
friend. as South Mt. Vernon Ave,
500 #. off Route 40, Uniontown, Pa
Office hours: Daily 10-6. Sunday
tO4. Permanently located.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06

Farm prices held steady during
November, first time in five
months.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06

the letters FIX" This stone
eventually was destroyed by ac-
tons of visitors who broke off
pieces as souvenirs. In 1910 the
Davis Coal and Coke company
erected the present concrete
marker which bears no resem-
blance whatever to the original
stone and is not even placed on the
original site but about a mile
farther to the north.
The Fairfax Stone is now a
corner marking for Tucker, Pres
ton and Grant counties in West
Virginia
Historians declare there can be
no doubt but that the South
Branch is the main river but at
the time of the original measur-
ing of the flow of the two rivers
the North Branch was the biggest
due to heavy rainfall in the upper
regions of the North Branch.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06

The story of the boundary line
dispute was found among the
papers of Mrs. Edward II. Sinccll
recently and was deteriorating so
rapidly that she asked that a copy
be made of it so it could be pre-
served indefinitely The balance
of the story is reprinted in the in
tereSt of local history.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1956-12-06
The BOUNDARY
Line DISPUTE
ARE BEGUN IN
THE SUPREME COURT.

Msryland's Claim to GoodlY Piece
of Territory Now Held by West
Virginia Presented in interesting
Manner by Mr. SinceII-AttorneY
General Straus Scores a Point
Against w. Va. Counsel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06
MARRIAGE
LICENSE
APPLICATIONS

Under D. C. Ian couples must
apply for a marriage license on
one day, tUdit three full days
and receiUe the license on the
nth day. Sundays and hoh-
dags are counted the same as
other days.
A. G. Starting. 30. Barberton, Ohio, anC
CAROLYN s. Ellis, 20. 11l2 10th st
Joseph ", Gordon, rs. Marietta. Ohio
and Elizabeth " H. Carroll, IS
Samuel r Peterson. 30. Plentywood
Mont, and Priscilla A. Nathan, 80
Charles Hopkins. 90, and Martha Col
Inns %, both OF sig Tennessee ave
Arthur c. walker, 90. and Ethel A
Mccool. 20, both Of Alexandria, Va.
Edwin 1 Carter, %. Wellsburg W. Va
and Barbara R. christel "a, 942t
Hugh L Blaine. 10, 1881 Savannah pl
Sc, and Gaynelle Downs, 10, l3l:
william '' R. Maui. 90. paon, Ind. ant
Doris Nj Marvin. 20. Moulton, Iowa
and Beverly A. Carlson, 81, Noun
Leon Schwartz. 80. and Dorothy I. Brain
ard both Of Baltimore.
BENJAMIN Levine, 81. and Dorothea j
Brooks, AZ both Of Richmond
verna P. canafax, 25, 212i H st. n "
Gary NJ Williamson, 20, Sth and Eyl
SITS Sc, and Mavis E Avery. 20, 81
East Capitol ST.
James D. Young 81, and SalIie J Hooser
Is, both Of 1912 14th pl. Sc
Murray b. Schwartz, %, Richmond, anC
Ellen c. Stein, IS. Alexandria, Va,
James r. owens. %, New Hyde Park
NJ Y. and Irene A. OKeehe, 2"
4545 Connecticut ave. NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06

same time giving him a bewhis-
kered kiss.
The builder said he considered
the trip-a return one for SINH
lar visit by Russian builders here
was valuable on both sides.
adding:
II personally hope this sort of
exchange can continue"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06
Builder Reports
On Russia Visit

A Washington builder recently
returned from Russia says he
found Russians friendly but fear
ing that the United States
might destroy what they were
building"
Harry A. Boswell, IT,. former
president of the Home Builders
Association of Metropolitan
Washington. who recently had
a 30-day visit studying the So
Wet construction industry, told
the Washington Building Con-
gress he found Russian builders
devoted to building better
life"
Soviet citizens also were Gin
terested sincerely in what we
were like" he added. He ad-
dressed a Mayflower Hotel
luncheon.
Mr.. Boswell, who is president
of the Maryland Council of
Chambers of Commerce. said
American free enterprise sis so
superior to the Russian economy
that there is no comparison"
Done by Government
Practically all building in
Russia is done by the govern
ment. and only leftover ma
terials go to private projects. he
said. Even on government prof.
ects there is first-clasS work
manship only for basic-industry,
he asserted.
The visitors saw rusty water
cominS of the black-iron piping
In almost-new housing projects,
and sections Of brick being
lowered into place without any
effort to keep them lined up
straight. he said
The Russians also appeared to
be wasting labor. Most con-
struction jobs visited, he said,
reminded us Of make-work
jobs The Russians, he said.
probably had three doing what
We do with one"
standardized
He also asserted that the So
Wet builders have over-standard-
ICED and have only partly
adopted modern equipment. He
said he saw women workers la
boriously toting building mate
rails not far from the most mod
ern cranes.
But the touring group found
the Russian builders extremely
we'll informed on technical data
from the outside world.
One surprise, Mr.. Boswell said,
was finding the government al
lowing some individual home
ownership. He said this was on
small scale. however. He de-
scribed some such dwellings being
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06
Cossack Invitation

Mr.. Boswell said in one city a
Cossack invited him to become a
member of his own family, at the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06

Plastic eooted chrome plated
clasps tho, prevent mefks en-
tfeusei eyfGs.
LaHSbwgh'S-NoTIoNS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-06

New as tonorrow-fonior as yesterdoy-the oc
cosonol chair thof'belones in every room, from thu
telephone nook TO the boudor Scroll effect back
twist legs Of block metal, padded seat covered witt
washable duro-texture; white or pink.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Washington Street Floor; La
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29
BY THOMAS R. HENRY


BOGOTA. Colombia. - High
in the Andes. about so miles
from here, is the "lake of gold. 3"
A deep. clear and ice-cold body
of water, it bore a special sig
niflcance for the Chibchas. a
lost civilization whose faint his
tory today is being studied by
the Colombia Institute OF
Archaeology.
Ruthlessly destroyed because il
was believed they possessed fab
ulous amounts of gold, the Chib-
chas met their doom in 1886 at
the hands of Jiminez de Quesada,
Spanish Conquistadore.
The legend says the high priest
of the kingdom Of Zipa. one of
two large Chibcha empires. sew
eral times a year would cover his
skin with gold dust and swim
in sacred Lake Guatavita until
lit was washed away.
Chibcha nobility would float
on RATS and throw gold objects
into the water as offerings to
the dragon god that lived at the
bottom of the lake. The prac-
tice, legend says. stems from an
order from a repentant chief to
attempt to appease the god and
have 1t give up his queen. The
queen threw herself into the
lake and dwelt with the god after
the chief found her unfaithful.
Dredging for Gold
There have been many at
tempts to recover the gold by
dredging, but government archie
ologists say a peculiar circula-
ton of underground waters
makes the attempts futile.
Some gold, however, has been
recovered more than 100 miles
to the southeast by such oper-
atoms in the Cauca River. A
dredging boat, moving only one
mile a year, Sits bottom de-
posts for the metal. The work
has been under way for II years.
Guatavita was one of five sa-
cred mountain lakes inhabited by
snake gods who constituted COL
lectively the Chibcha satan.
A mass pilgrimage made an
nually to the lakes, about five
miles apart. was a great festive
occasion. The event was marked
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29
Citizenship Day
Observance Set

The District Citizenship Coun-
Gil in an organizational meeting
yesterday decided to hold its
annual Citizenship Day Observ-
Iance at the Washington Monu-
ment on September II.
At these ceremonies, held or
the anniversary of the signing
Iof the United States ConStitu-
ton, the present governors OF
the Is original colonies are ex-
Ipected to participate.
Representatives Of more than
40 civic and business organiza-
tons attending yesterdays meet
ling elected Waldron E. Leonard
chairman. Other officers chosen
were Orville Crouch, vice chair
man: Mrs. Johanna Lewis. secre-
|tary: Dial Elkins, treasurer, and
Milton S. Kronheim, ST., tinan-
cial secretary.
The program includes wreath
laying by the 10 governors or
their agents, patriotic speeches
and band music.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29

Chibchas. The mixtures were
natural ones, with silver con-
tent often running from l to 20
per cent.
The Chibcha area has been
well explored for gold and it
is felt there is little likelihood
of much aboriginal gold work
appearing in the future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29
.ChrysIer to Make
Missile for Army

A $3,175,000 contract has been
awarded to Chrysler Corp. by the
Army for engineering and pro-
duction work on the new Jupiter
missile.
The Jupiter is an artillery
type intermediate range ballistic
missile.
The missile is being produced
jointly by the Army as a ground
launched weapon, and by the
Navy for surface ship and sub
marine use.
The Army said Chrysler would
continue production on the
shorter-range Redstone missile
which has served as a basis for
development of the Jupiter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29

Efforts ore being made to write los
chapter in histoy-thot Of & Dorado
THE mon Of gold" They ore de.
seribed in this last Of series by Mr.
Henry, who went to Colombo fo
the story.
by the consumption of large
quantities of chicha, a highly
potent beer made from fer
mented corn.
Even now each summer sees
large groups of Indians camping
on the shore of one of these
lakes. Just before dawn, they
start drinking chicha and sing
ing. AS the sun comes over the
horizon, they dip their babies
in the water. chanting weird
lamentations. This baptism is
supposed to gain favor of the
tabled mother of waters"
Well Versed in Gold
While the Chibchas appeared
to be completely ignorant of
masonry, they we're well versed
in the use of gold for decorative
purposes.
No gold objects have been
found in Colombia that were
made by the technique of ham
mering alone. The gold was
melted in stone or clay crucibles
over wood fires famed with clay
blowpipes. The molten metal
was poured into molds of stone
or clay.
A more complicated process
was the so-called "lost wax
method" In this process, a
core was made out of a mixture
of clay and powdered charcoal
covered with a thin coating of
wax. Over this was placed an
other layer Of charcoal and clay.
The whole was allowed to dry
and the mold heated, causing
the thin wax coating to melt
and run out through a hole. The
metal poured in filled the space
left by the wax.
The outer shell was broken
away leaving the gold-plated
object.
Few Chibcha objects were
made Of pure gold, but not be-
cause they were alleged by the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29

its annual picnic at 3 pm. Sun
day at Grove % Of Rock Greek
Park, near Sixteenth street and
Colorado avenue NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29
CIun McLennun Picnic

Clan McLennan No. 220. Or
der Of Scottish Clans, will hold
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-29
Ancient Chibcho People
Had Sacred Lake of Gold

Efforts ore being made to write lost
ehopter in history-thot Of El Dorado,
the man Of gold" They ore de-
scribed in this last Of series by Mr..
Henry. who went to Colombo for
the story.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-08
Mrs. Edmunds Choirmon
Mrs. Edmunds Choirmon
Commences QtzI On Nav 10
9th Old Halifax Homes Tour

The. sixth annual tour of old
Halifax homes will take place
from eleven to five on Wednesday
May 16. Five homes and public
buildings will be open and the ex-
terror of many others inspected.
Tour tickets will be available at
the stop to inspect the 1923 Mas
onic Lodge. Luncheon will be
available at the Presbyterian
Church after II o'clock.
The largest unit group ever to
make the tour, the Lynchburg
Colonial Danes. will have their
annual meeting in the basement
Of st. Johns Church, in the vii
lages as part of the days visit.
Many Exhibits
At the Masonic Lodge. Mrs.
Ovid Webb Moore will show Ma
sonic heirlooms. old costumes,
-bellum dresses and the En-
pire dresses of Mrs. Benjamin
Watkins Leigh, of Richmond. will
be exhibited by her descendant,
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-05-08

Mrs. Wallace Gravelly. Here also
will be seen homespun coverlets,
handWoven sheets which once COW
cred tester beds at Tuckahoe
Plantation near Richmond in 1928,
papers, Bibles, books and quilts
from this and other historic
homes.
All proceeds from the tour will
go to missions. At Giant Pop
lars" the Tucker Watkins home.
iced lemonade will be served from
an oaken bucket, and the Negro
glee club from Halifax Training
School will sing splrltuals. Tour
officials offer these special treats
to all making the trip.
Mrs. Richard Coles Edmund,
who resides at "Bonbrook. one
of the homes to be visited. is
chairman of the tour.
st. Johns Rectory to be visit
ed is considered one of the pref
test in all Virginia, and it has