davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-08-01


Price oc concentrate; per cNe.
If nOn-fed steers sell for $1S per cwt.
at end of pasture season and cOncen-
trates cost 81 per cwt., the pasture-fed
steers must bring at least $16.19 per
cWt. at end of pasture season.
prices % paid for concentrate and %
expected for steers off grass at the end
of the pasture season.
Varying Costs of Concentrate
Suppose, for example, that the con-
centrate costs 81 per cwt. and that you
expect the steers would sell off grass
only, next fall, at $18 per cwt. Then
we can read off the left-hand vertical
scale the price which must be received
for the steers fed on grass before they
would pay for the feed. In this case
it is about $500 ($16.19) per cwt.
With concentrate priced at So, the
fed cattle must bring about $18. With
concentrate priced at So and the ex-
pected price for steers off grass only
at SIG, the fed steers must sell for at
least S16.65. The results from other
price combinations can be read easily
from the chart.
1t is important that this chart be
used carefully. 1t does not tell whether
1t is profitable to have the pasture in
the first place. Nor does it say whether
the steers represent the best use that
can be made of the pasture. 1t does
tell whether or not, if you have steers
on irrigated pasture, it will pay to feed
Them on the pasture. 1t must be rec
Ognlzed, of course, that the results are
based on 140-day pasture season; a
climate similar to that of Bozeman,
and high-grade steers at the beginning
OF the pasture season.
Effect of Grade
1t is believed, however, that the first
TWO items can vary considerably with
out much effect on the comparisons
made between fed and non-fed steers.
On the other hand, with lower grade
steers, the response to feed would be
less. Hence the price required for fed
steers of this grade would be higher
for each price combination of concen-
trate and non-fed steers.
A careful study of this chart yields
interesting information. Some things
were already obvious: The higher price
OF concentrates the higher must be the
price for fed steers. Also, the higher
the price for non-fed steers the higher
must be the price for fed steers.
With the non-fed steers selling at
around SIG off grass, the producer can
pay up to $2.65 per cwt. for the concen.
trates and sell the fed steers for the
same price as the non-fed. If the non
led steers should, on the other hand
go up to $40, the producer can go W
TO 1882 per cwt. and sell the fed steer
tOr the same price as the non-fed.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-08-01

hesitate in
MAN
MIN MONTANA FARNERSTOCKMAN
August J. 1858
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-08-01

We return now to the question first
raised: Does it pay to use irrigated
land for pasture to produce beef ON
steers? With non-fed steers at present
levels, it appeared to be doubtful that
1t would pay. The steers would need to
sell for about 81 per cwt. more at the
end Of the pasture season than thew
cost at the beginning of the season.
whether they actually would is prob
lematlc. The seasonal price movement
runs counter to the timing of the oper-
alton. Yet the steers do improve some
in quality.
The pasture costs, incidentally, are
small enough that they could vary wide
ly without affecting the results mark
edly. At $45 per acre, they amount to
about So per cwt. of beef gain. The re-
suits of such calculations are shown in
Figure 3.
Break-Even Price
In this chart we can read, on the left
hand vertical scale, the minimum price
the steers must bring, off pasture, to
make the operation break even, if we
know Cd the initial price for the steers
and ~ the cost of concentrates.
For example: Suppose the steers cost
$18 per cwt. at the beginning of the pas
ture season and the concentrates, So per
cwt. With the gains found experiment
tally, the pasture-fed steers would need
to sell for at least $1778 at the end of
the pasture season. At this feed price,
the steers could be bought and sold at
the same price when the price level is
around $17 per cwt.
The higher the price level, the larger
can be the drop in price received be-
low price paid and still leave the pas
ture-feeding operation to be a break
even situation. On the other hand, the
higher the price of concentrates, the
higher must the steers sell for at the
end of the pasture season.
Conclusions
The preceding analysis shows that
steers on irrigated pasture can be a
paying proposition under fairly normal
price relations. On the other hand, it
seems unlikely that irrigated pasture
provides the bonanza so frequently
promised in the past few years.
Properly managed, the operation can
compete with other enterprises for the
best irrigated land in the farm. But if
this kind of land is used, it will require
intensive management of both pasture
and cattle to make it pay its way.
These relationships indicate that there
is a fairly wide set of price conditions
under which, if you have the steers and
the pasture, it would pay to feed the
steers on grass. The added gain in pro
duction and quality will be profitable
under most likely price relationships.
One added return from pasture is the
increase in yields of other crops grown
in rotation which includes pasture. NJ
information is readily available on this
point. Yet the likelihood of this result
increases the attractiveness of pasture
as an economic use of irrigated land.
FsuTe j. s staas. ?Ft: :v FOR 2ssssE'.fss
for and for concentrates
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-08-01

Expected price for
steers Off grass only
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-08-01

If steers cost SIS per cwt. at beginning
of pasture season and concentrate costs
So per cwt., the steers must sell for at
least $17.7S at end of pasture season.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

Pet Shot-Street Floor, Washington and PARKineton;
9TH Floor. Sillfr Spring
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
MARYL AND-VIRGIlNiA NEWS

quick obsolesence of Burke is a
new angle.
Top experts in the CAA and
the Air Transport Association
have said repeatedly that the
Burke airport would answer
IWashington's needs for the fore
lseeable future. including advent
Iof the jet civil air transports
due in two to three years.
The Maryland Democrat made
his remarks in discussing, for
the record, applications from
Pan American World Anyways
and Northeast Airlines to provide
additional service to Miami. The
applications are before the Civil
Aeronautics Board, due for a de-
cision within the next As days.
| Baltimore and the State of
Maryland have ''unqualifiedly
Endorsed the Pan American ap-
Iplication," Mr.. Fallon said,
largely because Pan American
has proposed to serve Baltimore
and Washington through Friend
ship airport.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
IFoIIon Predicts Burke
Will Soon Be Obsolete

traffic congestion. The Mary
land Congressional delegation
and a segment of the Virginia
delegation opposed to the Burke
location--have an almost solid
bloc in favor of Friendship.
But there the semi-official
support ends.
The Commerce Department
virtually ignored the use of
Friendship when it reported on
the Washington airport situation
January 8. It proposed joint use
of Andrews Air Force Base as a
| first choice; construction of a
new airport at Burke as the
second.
New Angle Attack
The Burke location-and i'm
mediate constructions being
urgently recommended by a
Senate aviation subcommittee
The recommendation is to be
acted on next Wednesday by the
full Senate Commerce commit
tee.
Mr.. Fallon's conjecture on the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
Du Pre- Goes Scot Free
Under immunity Grant
MRS. EVERETT

Bethesda or through his wife's
family in Baltimore.
/. Then suddenly he dropped
completely out of sight. His
house in Bethesda was put up
for sale and sold.
Yesterday he disclosed he
went to Mexico City last Octo-
Der 5 or 6. He was working
there as a consulting engineer
Returned in December
| Reports reached this area that
he had returned from Mexico in
late December.
This was confirmed yesterday
by his attorney, Barnard T
Welsh, of Rockville. Shortly
after his return, Mr.. Barbee
said. he had conferred briefly
with him.
Since then, he repeatedly has
been staying in Michigan, re-
turning to this area for con-
ferences with prosecutors.
The last conference was re-
portedly held on February % in
the Plaza Hotel in Washington
His whereabouts during the
first three days of the trial was
a closely guarded secret. anc
no one knew for certain thai
he was available until he walked
quietly into the courtroom at
i 1920 am, yesterday. f1anked
by two detectives and his at
t0rnev.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

The elusive Ben Du Pre- was
"scot free" today-free to come
and go as he pleases.
That is the way officials in
Montgomery County describe the
full immunity granted him to get
him to return from his hideout
in Mexico City.
The well-dressed, suave ex-
roads commission employee walk
ed into a hushed, electrified
Rockville courtroom yesterday
making his first appearance here
since last fall.
He had received good advice
in Mexico" that he could not be
extradited. said Montgomery
County States Attorney Algel
Y. Barbee.
The decision to grant Du Pre-
immunity from prosecution was
not decided overnight" accord
ing to Prince Georges County
States Attorney Blair H. Smith
Followed Conferences
Mr.. Smith said the agreement
was reached after considerable
thought and comforting by Mr.
Barbee, himself, Attorney Gen.
eral C. Ferdinand Sybert ano
Baltimore City States Attorney
Anselm Sodaro.
I'm my opinion, no one has q
case on anyone without Du Pres
testimony" said Mr.. Smith. TITS
a matter of getting the mair
'conspirators or letting them al
CO." Mr.. Smith added.
Du Pre- was indicted last No
vember in Montgomery, along
with six others on charges OF
conspiracy to defraud the State
Roads Commission. He also is
under Indictment on the same
charge in Prince Georges along
with Constas Gus Basiliko.
tits possible Du Pre- will be
called to testify before the Prince
Georges County grand jury when
it convenes in April" Mr.. Smith
said.
Du Pre- was described last
summer as a sincere, consci-
entious" worker by his superiors
in the State Roads Commission
Suspended in June for alleged
misconduct while serving as
right-of-way agent for the State
in Montgomery County, he was
fired at the climax of hearings
on the suspension in July.
Throughout the hearings, he
had repeatedly denied any per-
sonal business connections with
Gus Basiliko or Max Gutenberg
He dropped his appeal sud-
denly when evidence was pro-
duced showing him to be the
joint owner with Gus Basiliko oil
land in Prince Georges on which
Gutenberg held a mortgage.
For a few weeks Du Pre- coulo
be reached through his home in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
By CHARLES YARBROUGH

By CHARLES YARBROUGH
Conjecture that the proposed
airport at Burke, Va. would be
obsolete in five or six years
has been made by Representative
Fallon. Democrat of Maryland.
| His comment went. into
Wednesdays Congressional Rec
ord in a proposal that the Civil
IAeronautics Administration land
other interested agencies con-
slider Washington and Baltimore
as a common area so far as air
transportation is concerned"
This, he continued, would
place Baltimore's big Friendship
International Airport ION the
same basis as National Airport
for the purpose of serving this
common area and with a logical
division of airline schedules be-
tween the two"
Support Growing
Mr.. Fallon's is another voice
in the swelling Maryland chorus
for use of Friendship airport as
a solution to Washington air
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
Maryland U. Student
Wins Auto in Contest

A University of Maryland grad.
uate student was to be pre-
sented today with a new 1856
Ford Thunderpird, his prize for
naming a cigarette filter in a
national college contest.
The recipient is P. Robert
Knaff, a graduate student in
psychology. He won one of the
top prizes in the contest spon-
sored by Viceroy cigarettes and
its maker. the Brown and Will
hanson Tobacco Co.
The university's Student Union
Building also was to get a new
television set today as part OF
the same contest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
ISufewoy Is Denied
Milk Price Appeal

The Virginia State Suprems
Court of Appeals has denied q
request by Safeway Stores, Inc,
for an injunction to stop the
Virginia Milk Commission from
enforcing its minimum retail
prices in the Alexandria -Arling-
ton market.
Still pending in Richmond
Circuit Court is a Safeway petit
ton asking that it order the
commission to reconsider It's
latest price schedule, issued last
August. Safeway wants to sell
milk cheaper than the commits
sion minimum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
'Copter Saves Pilot
.Ditched in Putuxent

A Navy pilot was rescued by a
|helicopter today after his jet
fighter. plane crash-landed in
the Patuxent River while ap-
preaching a runway at the
Patuxent Naval Air Station in
Maryland.
A Navy spokesman said the
pilot was picked up 7 minutes
after the crash and had suffered
no apparent injuries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

Prince Georges County Commits
sioners to float a s2.5 million
bond issue for an addition to
Prince Georges General Hos
pital.
Twenty-three bills were intro
duced in the special session, but
only Is were enacted. The House
leadership allowed delegates to
put in any bills they desired,
but the Senate restricted its at
tention to bills recommended by
the Governor and those involv-
ing local bond issues.
Court Duties Clarified
Among bills enacted yesterday
was one to clarity the duties of
committing magistrates under
the new Montgomery County
Peoples Court setup created a
year ago. Their authority to
continue to function under the
new court setup has been chal-
lenged in court. The Court of
Appeals dismissed the chal-
longing suit yesterday, but left
the committing magistrates
question up in the air.
Sixteen acts were signed.
One of the bills signed into
Law by the Governor would au-
thorize Baltimore City and the
counties to borrow a total of SIS
under the States credit
for school construction. That
allows the city and the counties
to take advantage of the lower
interest rate the State is able
to obtain on the bond market
Two other bills signed yester-
day would strengthen the powers
of the Maryland Tobacco Au-
thority and abolish the Standard
Salary Board in favor of a new
f1ve-member board headed by
the State commissioner of per-
sonnet.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
Vote Backs Prefob Annex
To Viers Mill School

A ten-clasSroom prefabricat
Mill Elementary School last mig
the Montgomery County Board
Board Chairman Helen Sch
Rose Kramer told the board sh
pressed" by an explanation of t.
prefabricated construction made
last month by architects of Ma
tional Homes Corp, an Indiana
firm which specializes in such
construction.
"Viers Mill has been on
double sessions for five years; I
think it would be better for them
to wait another year than for us
to build something we'll regret
for the rest Of our days" Mrs.
Kramer added.
Lining up with Mrs. Kramer
were Board Members Harrison
King and Wylie Barrow.
Had Some Doubts
Mrs Scharf admitted that she
had some doubts about nretabri-
Gated classrooms. particularly in
reference to maintena''ce costs
and durability. but said she felt
the only way to determine their
usefulness was to set up a pilot
project.
Superintendent of Schools
Forbes H. Norris, long time ad-
vocate of prefabrication to re-
lieve a situation which finds
1.700 county children on double
shifts. maintained his position
that prefabs deserve a try Con-
struction Superintendent James
Sheldon added that a State CELL
ing height minimum. which the
National Homes classrooms fail
to meet, could be waived.
Voting with Mrs. Scharf in
favor of going ahead with the
experiment we're Board Members
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

applauded by Gov. McKeldin in
a special message as IAN out
standing Landmark in Maryland
progress"
Seaway Competition
Senate President Louis L
Goldstein also congratulated his
colleagues for enacting the port
authority bill. He said it Is
needed to offset the loss in COM
merce the Baltimore Harbor will
suffer from construction of the
st. Lawrence Seaway.
The So million-a-year port
authority is charged in the bill
with responsibility for attract
ing new commerce to Maryland
waters.
To start off with, the author
ity is authorized to float a SIS
million bond issue to buy harbol
facilities now owned by Balti-
more city, ana construct new
ones.
1t will operate from revenues
derived from an increase in the
corporate income tax from the
present Az per cent rate to a
S per cent rate.
Clincher on Enactment
The port authority bill was
passed by the regular 30-day
session of the Legislature, which
adjourned week ago. but was
re-enacted by special session
yesterday to clear up doubts that
had been raised as to its con-
stitutionality. The bill amended
several local laws of Baltimore
City, and 30-day sessions can
not legally consider local bills
unless they are of an emer-
gency nature.
Also re-enacted by the special
session. which lasted about eight
hours, was a bill authorizing the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

MT won the tentative approval o.
Of Education by a 4-to-3 vote.
arr called for the vote after Mrs
= had been tremendously unim-
he weaknesses and advantages Of
Lathrop Smith, Wayne Birdsel
and Willard McGraw.
In other action at last nights
Rockville meeting. the board be.
gan its study of DR.. Norris pro.
posed $12.2 million capital bud
get which is scheduled to be
given to the county manager
March 26.
The board took out of the
budget an $4,000 appropriation
for a three-room addition al
North Chevy Chase elementary
school, then voted to erect a
separate eight-classroom school,
in the North Bethesda area
rather than build an addition
onto classroom Bradley ele-
mentary.
Other Projects Approved
Also approved were a total oil
AZ new classrooms to house 1886
elementary students in the Ken.
siMgton- Wheaton area, the larg.
est project being the 14-roon
Larchmont elementary school
Eighteen classrooms for the
eastern suburban area also were
approved.
over for council approval tht
board must act on whether OF
not the proposed 48-classroon
Springbrook High School shoule
be taken out of this years bud
get. Some doubt as to presen
need for the school was ex
pressed at public hearing ear
Ilier this month.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09

$3.50 Aquarium Pump
Vibrator pump keeps your aquar- I.95
ium aerated, fresh Simple to use "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
EorIy hcKeIdin Approval
Expected for Port Bill
BY GENE GOODWIN

ANNAPOLIS Mar 9-Ciov NfcKedn prepared today to
sign law possible wiceenacted bill creating
a powerful. quasi-oficial Maryland Port Authority.
the Governors office chief executive will
sign the bill reaches his desk probably early next
week.
The re-e,acted by one-day special
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-09
Adult Course Offered

Registration for adult educa-
ton courses in conversational
French at Montgomery Blair
High School will be held Mon
day night at the school begin
ming at 1880 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-30

for the $4,000 library building
proposal. three cents.
The total increase of 21ts
cents per 500 may be cut down
considerably, it is argued, be-
cause of the heavy increase OF
assessed valuation on the city's
books since last January
$4,000 Deducted
In arriving at the six-cent
figure for the city hall bonds
hackers first deducted from the
cost of amortization $4,000 per
year. the current cost of office
space rental to house city gov
eminent activities.
Housing city Offices in modern
quarters, will permit more eff
flcient operations, according to
hackers of the bond issue.
The library building boosters
have reported heavy demands on
the present rented building. o
former residence.
Flash floods and pot-holed
roads are the arguments brought
to bear by supporters of the
street and sewer bonds. They
have argued that improvements
under this proposal will help
protect the property investments
of city residents.
Only scattered opposition has
been heard to the bond pro-
poSals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-30
FACE THE ISSUES
Falls Church to Vote
OnMojor Projects

Falls Church's 3.4O0 registered
voters will cast ballots on $1.2
million in bonds for major city
improvements November 6, with
city officials anticipating the
proposals will be approved.
The fully City Council has in
dorsed the bond program and
councilmen are encouraged by
the lack of organized opposition.
A new city hall, a new library,
and street and storm sewer prof.
ects are included in the bond
proposals.
The School Board did not ask
that a bond issue be placed
before the voters this year but
has served notice that it will
ask for a referendum early next
year to authorize $750,O00 for a
school construction program.
Costs Estimated
Supporters of the municipal
bonds have furnished informa-
ton on what the improvements
may be expected to cost in terms
Of increased taxes. The figures
offered are these:
To amortize the proposed
5000 street and sewer bonds,
1212 cents per 500 of assessed
valuation; for the $45O,O0O city
hall bond issue, six cents; and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-30
'Darden Warns
Virginia 10 Keep
Public Schools
BY PAUL HOPE
Star star Correspondent

RICHMOND. Oct. 30.-vir-
ginia's school board members
were in session here today with
Ia warning from former Gov.
Colgate w. Darden that IF Vir-
Iginia's public school system dies,
the Commonwealth will die with
it,"
Several hundred members of
the Virginia School Boards As
ISOLATION also have heard three
other speakers say that integra-
ton would kill the public school
system.
Recent State legislation to
maintain segregation is the main
topic of discussion among the
members, a majority of whom
obviously favor continued sep
Iaration Of the races, but many
Iof whom aren't sure exactly what
the new legislation means.
James M. Thompson, State
Delegate from Alexandria, and
State Senator A. S. Harrison, jr.,
Iof Brunswick County, who sup
ported the legislation in the Gen.
Ieral Assembly, told board mem
bers yesterday that Virginia en-
barked on an "uncharted course
i'm the bills enacted last sum-
mer.
This complex legislation would,
among other things, allow the
Governor to withhold State funds
from localities which integrate
schools, allow him to take over
individual schools under certain
conditions and transfer pupil
assignment powers from local
schools boards to a three-member
State board.
Mr.. Darden. who opposed the
legislation at hearings before
the General Assembly, did not
mention the race issue in a
speech last night, but the Uni
versity of Virginia president
made clear his belief that Vir-
ginia's public school system must
be preserved.
IF the Virginia public school
system withers and dies, the
Commonwealth will die with it, :"
he said.
School board members from
the Washington Metropolitan
Area of Virginia, where the feel
ing is strong for local option on
segregation. are staying in the
background here on the race
issue.
At an afternoon session, At
torney General Lindsay Almond
said integrated schools cannot
be maintained in Virginia be
cause the people will not support
them the General Assembly
will not appropriate funds for
them"