Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-10

AS Tor the rest OF the Crlpu
tober, the past is pretty much
court has continued for argu-
ment more than a score of ma
jor cases, including a first
time test of the Smith Acts
clause aimed at Communist
Party membership.
In racial segregation COM
plants it has stood firmly on its
1854 basic declaration against
the te-but-euual doctrine
in public education. It has
made clear that this covers
colleges as well as primary and
secondary schools. But the JUS
tees put of at least until next
year a definite ruling on segre-
CATION in public transportation
In the educational field they
maintained a policy of giving
local authorities and District
Federal courts considerable lee
way in the setting of headlines
for compliance with the school
integration order.
May Stay Over
Although the court has an
nounced it hopes to adjourn to-
morrow. there is a considerable
body of evidence indicating II
will stay in session for another
week. A score of argued cases
and dozens Of review petitions
await action. Conceivably the
court could dispose of all OF
them tomorrow or continue some
of them until next fall. In any
event, lawyers and laymen ex-
pect a windfall Of opinions to-
morrow on such momentous
questions as:
The Presidents authority to
extend the original loyalty pro-
gram to include Federal en-
ployes in nonsensitive jobs.
The constitutional authority
of the armed forces to court
martial wives or other civilian
dependents of United States mil
itary personnel stationed abroad
The Justice Departments con-
tention that the du Pont COM
pany monopolized the cellophane
industry.
Whether the so-called flair
trade" laws apply to a manu-
featuring firm that sells its
products wholesale in COMPETE
ton with other wholesalers.
Few Cases Involve States
Few of the cases remaining
for decision before adjournment
contain a concrete Federal-State
issue. But the record of opinions
during the last eight months
already has added more than
enough fuel to. keep aflame the
Estates rights" controversy
touched off two years ago in the
school segregation decision.
Here are the highlights of the
tribunals trend in that field of
litigation: 1
1t ruled that sedition against
the United States can be prose-
cuted only in Federal Courts. 1t
thus greatly clouded if not to-
tally obscured the antisedition
statutes of many States. This
provoked angry countermoves in
Congress against asserted pre-
emption" by court Interpretation
of legislative enactments.
The court held that State
fright to work" laws banning
closed and union shop contracts
with labor unions are superseded
by the Railway Labor Act pro-
vision permitting the union shop
In the railroad industry.
1t declared that State educa-
tional authorities could not
summarily fire a school teacher
solely on the ground that he
invoked the Fifth Amendment
in refusing to answer congress
sional committee questions about
Communist affiliaticn.
Rule On Picketing
1t said a State court could not
prevent peaceful picketing by a
labor union whose officers failed
to comply with the non Commu-
mist affidavit requirement Of the
Taft-Hartley Act.
1t found that the Taft-Hartley
Act rather than State courts
have jurisdiction over efforts of
a teamsters' union to prevent
"piggy-back" operations by a
railroad.
1t knocked out the banning of
a motion picture, THE Moon
Is Blue" described as obscene
under a State censorship law.
1t decided that in State court
trial, a Federal narcotics agent
could not give evidence which
previously was excluded at a
Federal court trial on the ground
that it had been obtained by an
inadequate search warrant.
To this list may be added
several decisions against States
or local communities which had
sought to segregate whites and
Negroes at public beaches, parks
and golf courses. as well as COL
leges and universities.
The trend. however. has not
been totally for Federal suprem-
acy. In the last few weeks.
particularly. the court has de-
clared that:
May EnjOin Picketing
A State can enjoin mass
picketing and violence in strikes
despite a unions alleged unfair
labor practices within jurisdic-
III@-- Exclusive OSHKOSH
INI Dear Old Dad
Illlll A Stud Box for the man you love
Hill ideoI for his iewelrv and fovoy