davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
Middle. East Crisis Weiqhed

action. 1t is easier nowadays
for American public opinion to
be persuaded that military
steps are necessary when taken
with allies for the purpose of
avoiding a larger war than it
would be if America decided
on any course by itself. The
idea seems to be that, dis
tasteful as participation in any
overseas operations might be,
the people would support any
recommendations the PreSi-
dent might make if it appeared
necessary to quell an outbreak
of war anywhere.
The potential belligerents in
the Middle East are not mill
tarily strong, so it is quite pos
Sible that a show of firmneSs
by America and Great Britain,
in the event that the United
Nations found itself unable to
agree on measures to enforce
peace, would be sufficient to
prevent a full-Scale war.
SkirmiSheS and small engage
ments on the borders could
become serious but they would
not involve anything as big as
the intervention in Korea when
the Communists moved south
across the 38th Parallel.
If President Eisenhower is
able Skillfully to steer the Ma
ton through the Middle East
crisis without involving Ameri-
can military forces, it could
turn out to be a political
break" in his favor. 1t would
be hailed by his supporters as
an example Of the need for
continuity in American policy
abroad. officials here are nerv-
Gus and worried, however, for
they know the situation in the
Middle East can go in almost
any direction between now and
the November elections.
Reproduction Rights ReServedD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
Turkeys Warning to Free World

as bluntly on matters as in
America. But the press-and
there are more dailies per
capita in this country than
anywhere else in Europe-is
extremely vocal.
The opposition politicians
are violent in their denuncia-
tons of the administration.
The party struggle. particu-
larly since the present eco
nomic crisis. is far more brutal
than in the United States.
Cabinet members are accused
outright of large-scale crook
edness and graft. American
reluctance to help Turkey out
of its near-bankruptcy with a
commercial loan to meet its
foreign Indebtedness is as
cribed to lack of confidence by
Washington in the Turkish
administration. Washington
knows, screams the opposition,
that much of the money will
stick to fingers of cabinet
members.
The Russians have been
quick to take advantage of
what in ordinary times would
be only a common political
fight for power. They have in
creased the number of their
subversives. Some 100000 Turks
from Bulgaria have been &C.
copied by this country. They
had been in the Danubian
republic for many generations.
Officials who screened them
for return could not discover
how many were agents or sub
verSiveS. But the Ankara
government believes many Of
them have been entrusted to
cause confusion at the appro-
pirate time. They played an
important part in the anti
Greek disturbances last fall
which have damaged the Turk
ish-Greek alliance about az
much as the Cyprus question.
1t is expected that these ele-
ments. together with others
infiltrating from the Cauca-
sian border, will be in the fore
front in efforts to incite the
population to further disorders
if the present economic and
financial crisis is not stemmed.
AS the cost of living goes up
by leaps and bounds there will
be the inevitable cry to accept
proffered Soviet aid. Those
who oppose this will be ac-
cused as having sold out" to
the American colonialists."
Such rumblings have already
come from Istanbul and other
cities with mixed populations
and from certain student
groups.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
DORIS FLEEsON
Eisenhower Critics Open Up

a threat to United States stra-
tegic interests. The politicians
who want to win the presiden-
tlal election this year also
know it has immediate domes-
tic significance through the
important Jewish vote in sew
eral pivotal States including
New York.
Maybe the Middle East can't
be handled but they think they
are entitled to at least the ap-
pearance of a sustained and
ardent attempt.
The major indictment lust
beginning to gather force is
that the administration is not
making a creative and i'm
aglnative effort to meet the
change in tactics of the Soviet
Union. That the Communists
consent to the military stale
mate with the West-while
making sure they do not fall
behind-is by now truism.
What all information chan
nels are stressing is that the
Soviets are doing even better
with their new economic Of
fensive. With it they have
penetrated the Middle East,
Asia and Africa. This week at
Geneva they invited Western
Europe to look to Moscow for
their needs when dollar aid
ran out.
No new policy or program
has been offered Congress by
the White House in the face of
these facts. All present Essen
hover proposals are only more
of the same-economic aid en-
twined with military aid to
bolster alliances that were
conceived in 1850 and later to
meet the Soviet military
threat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11

Force thinks 1t would do the
most good
Il think the Congress and the
people are entitled to a fuller
and franker reply than that"
Senator Russell said. Il had
hoped that they would say they
would spend some of it to de-
velop all-weather fighter planes
which are vital to our defense"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11

question that they aspire to
accomplish an all-Arab revolu-
ton and uniflcation on the
Egyptian pattern.
The Arab states that have so
far collected around Egypt
Syria and Saudi Arabia-are
largely held together by COM
mon hostilities. especially to
Israel, and in the case of Saudi
Arabia. to the Hashemite dy-
naStieS of Jordan and Iraq.
But one wonders now the
structure of these states, espe-
cially Saudi Arabia. could sur
vive realization of Egyptian
plans.
The Egyptian leaders are
young men, of middle-clas
origin, and of the officer class.
They are antlmonarchial. and
have established a purely sec
ular state. Their rule is based
on the army. the middle class
intelligentsia, and the masses
to whom. via their own form
Of state socialism, they are Of
fering social gains. BY every
logic and the elan of their sue
cess, they must seek an Arab
world based on these princi-
Piles and programs.
The great desert and oil-rich
kingdom OF Saudi Arabia is an
absolute monarchy. It's ruler.
King Saud, is, like his father,
Ibn Saud, not only the secular
but the religious sovereign.
The enormous thrush Of wealth
from oil has created social
strains and unrest in what was
formerly a purely Bedouin
country, and there have been
signs Of unrest in the army.
1t is particularly to younger
Arab army officers that the
Egyptian leaders appeal. And
Saudi Arabia is full of Egyp-
tians--Some 5000 of them
serving as technical advisers,
IN military and security mis-
sions, as teachers and social
workers That their influence
supports the King is impos-
sible.
At present the Egyptian
government is counting the
King, who is diverting the
wealth OF his country To
finance Egyptian policies
while weakening its traditional
ties with the United States
But it is a strange alli-
ance, extremely hazardous, we
should think, TO the conserva-
tive monarch who is being en-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11

bers of the NATO and Bagh-
dad pact, but they don't mean
much anyhow. So we won't
object to you remaining in
them. Let us begin with a COM
prehensive commercial treaty,
which you need more than we
do. Let us exchange sporting,
artistic and cultural groups.
Send us representatives from
your National Assembly and
we will send members of our
Supreme Soviet. We have never
returned the visit your former
Foreign Minister Saracoglu
paid us in Moscow in 1899.
Bulganin and Khrushchev I'M
doubtedly would respond to an
invitation to visit Ankara.
why maintain the cold war
attitude when Britain, France
and even the United States, to
say nothing of other countries
all over the globe, welcome
these exchanges? 1t can lead
you nowhere"
Menderes repeatedly main
tanned a cool and cautious
attitude. He explained that
the Soviet government in the
past had made certain de-
mands which it used to
call territorial readjustments."
These had never been officially
given up although the propa-
ganda organs intimated they
were mistakes of the dis
credited" Stain regime. Until
these demands on Turkish
territory were officially re-
nounced there could be no
point in goodwill exchanges,
MendereS indicated.
The Turkish Prime Minis
ter insisted that until what
the diplomats call substantial
tive" matters can be settled
there is no point in friendly
exchanges of visits which
would only help the Soviet
propaganda. Mikoyan insist
ed, however, that "dispelling
the fog" and an economic
agreement should take prece-
dence. And there the matter
rests.
The Menderes administra-
ton is no longer as confident
as it has been in the past
that the Soviet propaganda
cannot sway Turkish public
opinions. which has become
quite vocal in the last six
years since the two-party sys-
tenn was started. There are
still restrictions on public eX-
preston. There are no radio
commentators who can speak
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Soviet Smiles Could Turn to ScowIs
Again Overnight, Ankoro Says

ANKARA, Turkey (By Air
maiD The Turkish political
and military intelligence, which
the American representatives
here regard as the most able
analysts of Soviet strategy, be-
lieve that the free world must
be prepared to meet an over
night change of the Russians
present friendly attitude.
The shift from saber rafting
to sweet smiles was sudden and
unexpected. Another change,
possibly to shooting, should be
expected with equal sudden
ness, in the judgment of these
Turks
The Turks, who have far
better opportunity to see what
is going on behind the borders
of their Eastern neighbor than
we have. say there is nothing
to indicate that the Soviet
words are backed by any re-
lenting of their war prepara-
tionS.
The present peace offensive
is attributed by the Turks to
military men who hold key
positions in the Politburo and
elsewhere and are using the
nearly senile Bulganin and
shrewd Khrushchev as their
tools. They say the aim Is to
organize around the USSR as
many neutraliSt states as pos
sible which now belong to the
free world coalition headed by
the United States. When this
strategy has succeeded, the
Turkish observers say. we can
expect the Russians to change
tactics again and start making
impossible demands.
This explains the more than
lukewarm attitude of the pres
ent Ankara government to the
strong advances Of the Krem-
lin.
At the festivities In Karachi
a few weeks ago marking es-
Enlistment of the Republic of
Pakistan, Turkeys Prime Min
lister Adnan MendereS was
sought out by Anastas Miko-
yam. one Of the brainiest men
in the Soviet. When it was
impossible to avoid him any
longer Menderes sat down for
a pow-wow. Mikoyan said in
effect: why are you so dis
truStful? We want to re-estab-
lish the cordial relations which
prevailed between our two
countries in the early '20s. We
want to help you out of your
present troubles and be real
friends.
Your country has shown
over the centuries how strongly
nationalistic your people are.
We don't mind this. In fact it
is common to our countries.
I'VE won't ask you for any
formal alliance as the West
erners have done. OF course,
We don't like your being men,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
Critics Coll for Definition of Stand;
More Than Israel Is Concerned

The New York Times has
made a survey Of United
States foreign policy in the
Middle East, and come up
with a discouraging report. We
are criticized for doing too
much or too little, for sup
porting Israel, or insufficiently
supporting her, for falling to
back the British and French
in a solid Western front, or
for not standing solidly with
the Arab nationalist move
ment. Critics want the United
States to define it's policy.
But is it possible to pursue
an entirely consistent policy
in an area where events are
moving so rapidly?
The United States wants
only peace. and that the
Middle East should not be
liberated from one imperial
ism to come under another.
All the Arab world with the
exception OF North Africa and
Egypt was. prior to World
War I, part Of the Ottoman
Empire of the Turks. Suisse
quently it was partitioned,
under League Of Nations man.
dates, between Great Britain
and France. Except for Egypt,
no national states existed.
Most Of those that came into
being we're originally created
by British and French inter-
ests, and all received their in
dependence after World War
II.
None Of these states are ma
tons" They are rather part
OF the Arab nation that
exists. in Asia and Africa.
from Gibraltar TO the frontiers
Of Turkey and Iran. and
south into the Sudan. Though
it is not racially homogeneous,
the populations have other
characteristics of nationhood:
Common language, history, re-
ligion, and geographical con-
tiguity.
The impulse to Arab uni
fication has, therefore, been
implicit since the collapse OF
the Ottoman Empire. But uni
fication required the leader
ship OF one of the states and
there was none eager or able
10 assume it.
But the Egyptian revolution
released the ambitions OF the
new young army officers.
headed by Abdel Nasser, who
carried 1t out. There is no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-11
King Visits Iceland

REYKJAVIK, Iceland. April
IL Up King Frederick * and
Queen Ingrid Of Denmark ar
rived in Iceland yesterday for a
three-day official visit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
Ambassador
is Host

The Saudi Arabian Arnbas-
sador, Sheikh Abdullah Al
Khayyal, entertained at a
small unofficial reception yes
terday evening from 7 to 8.
The party was in honor of
Sheikh Asad Al-Faqih. former
Saudi Arabian Ambassador
here, who was visiting Wash
ington for the day.
Sheikh Al-Faqih and his
wife have been visiting their
daughter and son-in-law. Mr..
and Mrs. Aneece Hassen, in
Sulphur, Okla. Nine. Al-Faqih
is still there. Their daughter.
the former Selma Al-Faqih,
was married here at the en-
bassy when her father was
ambassador.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23

Ambassador and Sonora de
Tello.
Also there were the Alli-
bassador of Nicaragua and
Sonora de Sevilla -Sacasa, the
Ambassador of Uruguay and
Sonora de Lacarte, the AM
bassador Of Venezuela and
Sonora de Gonzalez, Chilean
Ambassador and Sonora de
Rodriguez and Ambassador
Campo of Cuba and his SON
in-law and daughter Minister
and Sonora de Averoff.
Others who feasted on
shrimp, f1let 1nignon served
with a wonderful spinach
dish and vintage champagne
year 1947-were the Am
bassador Of Ell Salvador and
Sonora de Castro. the AM
bassador of Panama and
Sonora de Vallarino, the Am.
bassador of Peru and Sonora
de Berckemeyer, the Ambas-
sador Of Bolivia and Sonora
de Andrade and the Anbas-
sador Of Paraguay and Sonora
de EnciSco-VelloSo.
GAS Ambassadors
Ambassadors to the Organ
ization Of American States
who were there included AM
bassador Lobo of Brazil, AM
bassador and Sonora de Sc
pulVeda of Chile, Ambassador
and Sonora de Baron of Cuba,
Ambassador and Sonora de
Quintanilla of Mexico and
Ambassador Lavalle of Peru.
Also there were Acting
Secretary of State and Mrs.
Roy Richard Rubottom, Mr..
and Mrs. Maurice Bernbaum.
Mr.. and Mrs. Terry Sanders.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chadwick Brag-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
By BETTY BEALE

Thackeray chose it as the
subject Of his immortal Van
ity Fair"
Tolstoy used it as the set
ting for War and Peace"
considered by many to be the
worlds greatest novel.
Nine. Recamier earned a
niche in history because OF
her place in it and her stories
about it.
Men and women through
out the world bend their en-
ergies to acquire enough money
or power to become a part
Of it.
And Broadway has discov-
cred that, as a subject for a
show, it's a sure-f1re hit.
What is "it"?
It's society with a capital S.
It's important society, such as
Thackeray's London, Tolstoy's
Moscow and Nine. Recamier's
Paris.
It's not the society Of the
country club set in the aver
age American, French or Eng
fish town.
It's society in a nations
capital. It's the social chess
board on which the big plays
are made, where a nations
course may take a new turn
in an elegant, crystal-lit
drawing room. It's where
representatives from other
countries come to match wits
with government heads, to in
trigue and maneuver for an
advantage over the cham
payne toasts and after dinner
liquors.
This is society as we know
1t here. This is why a whole
nation focuses more and more
on the Washington scene,
why prominent party-givers
settle here. In fact, If you
want to stay in the public eye,
make this town your home
and toss some VIKING -dings.
Washington society has be-
come so fascinating to the
country at large during the
past two decades, Broadway's
made a mint reproducing it
in First Lady" Estate of
the Union, Call Me Madam"
and Affairs of State"
When Broadway wants to
catch the flavor of the United
States Capital. does it build
a duplicate of the Washington
Monument? Certainly not!
1t raises the curtain on q
Washington party.
Norman Panama and Melvin
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
EXCLUSIVELY
YOURS
Nv BETTY BEALE
Some Comments on Society
AT Opening of New Season

Frank, authors Of the new
musical Lii Abner." couldn't
resist splicing up their back
woods show with a Capital
ballroom scene. Why?
Washington parties have
been so popularized in the
press and are so glamorous."
said Mr.. Panama. THE OUT
sider's interest here is prima-
rily in politics. but second to
that is Washington society"
Naturally, it has to be
satirized. That's the mark Of
prominence. Also society is
so vulnerable to satire, no
writer worth his salt who's
exposed to it can fail to at
tack.
Look at the high society"
scene portrayed on the Ma
tional stage this past week.
The people are younger and
more shapely and the gowns
tighter, but the satirization is
close enough to Capital ball
rooms to provide the neces-
sary humor.
Sos the dialogue. Were
popping off to Zurich"
Private plane?" mo, we're
doing it by ski lift" How
insane!" !. Enchanting! So
chic! Simply divine!" Its
a dull, dull party, so sorry we
came"
One does hear more slim
ulating comment on this social
scene.
But, entirely revealed or not,
the activities Of Washington
society will increasingly find
their way into the literature
and drama of our time. And
let those scott who will. Oddly
enough, the scoffer is more
often than not the one who
can't get his foot in the door.
We may as well recognize it.
Washington society will not.
and cannot, be relegated to the
cookie pushing department"
or written off as the meaning
less mingling of party loving
pals. Nobody knows it better
than the people who are a part
of it-who for four years or
eight years or a lifetime move
in its aura of worldwide in
fluence. They or their fore
bears worked too hard to get
there.
There remains only for an
other Thackeray. another Toll
stoy, to capture its intrigue, its
color, its sham and, above all.
its significance in perhaps the
greatest American novel Of
them all
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23

giotti. Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur
Compton, Mr.. Spencer King,
Mr.. and Mrs. Vance Brand, Mr..
and Mrs. George Galloway,
Mr.. and Mrs. Enrique Laroza
and Spanish Second Secretary
and Sonora de Pedroso.
Others there were DR.. and
Mrs. Juan Lopez de CeballoS,
Mr.. and Mrs. H. 10y Anderson,
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernesto Franco,
Mr.. and Mrs. Julio Heurte-
matte, Mr.. and Mrs. John Pay
son, DR.. and Mrs. Jorge Mejia,
Deputy Chief Of Protocol and
Mrs. Victor Purse and Mr.. and
Mrs. William Krieg.
Down from New York for
the party were Mr.. and Mrs.
Genaro Pagan and Mr.. and
Mrs. Sherlock Hackley and
others there were Mrs. Beatrice
Gonzalez who is visiting the
UrrutiaS, the Counselor of
Uruguay and Sonora de Pala-
clos, the Minister of Ecuador
and Sonora de Peralta and
the Charge d'Affairs of Hon
duras, DR.. CallegaS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
By EVELYN M. DENT


Secretary of the Air Force
Donald Quarles will entertain
at a stag luncheon in honor
Of the Deputy Commander in
Chief, Royal Thai Air Force,
Air Chief Marshal Luang
ebert Vudhakas, and his
party on Friday in the PEN
tagon executive dining room.
The Air Marshal, with Air
Vice Marshal Manob Suriya,
and Group Capt. Sundara
Sundarangkul, will arrive in
town on Thursday from North
Carolina. They came to this
country on Friday, September
IA, at the invitation of the Air
Force and are presently tour
ing air bases.
The Deputy Chief of Staff
for Personnel, 1t. Gen. En-
NETT ODonnell, jr., is acting
as official host for that branch
of the service. Plans are not
yet completed for their whole
itinerary. Gen. and Mrs.
ODonnell are sure to enter
tain for the distinguished
visitors.
The Ambassador of Thai
land and Nine. Sarasin have
issued invitations for a s to
8 o'clock reception on Friday
at the Thai Embassy in honor
of the Air Chief Marshal.
Served In ThaiIand
Col. and Mrs. Carl w.
Stapleton will entertain at din
ner for the Air Marshal on
Saturday. The hosts were on
duty in Thailand until a year
ago.
The Thai Military AttacEle,
Mai. Gen. Jitjanok Kritakara,
and Nine. Kritakara, have in
vited Thai officers and their
American counterparts with
their wives to a buffet supper
next Sunday in honor of the
Air Marshal.
On Monday. October /, The
Air Attache of Thailand, Air
Commodore La-Erb Pinsuvana,
and Nine. Pinsuvana will be
at home to United States Off
GERS and Thailand officers
stationed here. They have
asked them to meet the Air
Marshal and his party.
On Tuesday, October 2. the
Naval Attache, Commodore
Prajum Than Mokaves, and
Nine. Than Mokaves will give
another of their delightful din
ners in honor of the visitors.
Col. and Mrs. Ray E. Schrock
have invitations out for a re-
ception on Wednesday, Octo-
Der 3 at 7 o'clock at the OFF,
GERS Club, Fort Lesley j. Nc
Nair. in honor of the Thai Air
Marshal.
Col. Schrock was formerly
Chief of the Air Section, Mill
tary Assistance Advisory Group
in Thailand. In fact he was
the first to occupy the post
and in three years made many
personal friends in Bangkok
Thursday. october 4, the
Thai Air Mission will act as
hosts to United States All
Force members and United
States and Thai officials and