davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18
FOR YOU
40 Per Cent
Covered by
Pensions
BY RAY HENRY

There's little doubt that EN-.
lployers have shown interest In
setting up pension plans for theil
employes in recent years.
The Institute of Life Insurance
has gathered and recently re-
leased some data which show:
the increase in interest.
The figures show that on last
January / about 40 per cent oil
the Nations civilian employees
Outside of agriculture workers
were covered by some form OF
pension plan.
The Institute arrived at the
figure this way:
About 13.300.000 persons were
covered by private pension plans
about 8 million were covered BY
state and local civil service
plans, 100000 were covered by
Federal retirement and 100000
were covered by Railroad Retire.
ment. That's 20 million persons
On January /. there were Sc
million people working in Jobs
outside of agriculture. Thus, the
40 per cent.
Armed Forces
The figures don't include
nearly 3 million men in the
armed forces, many of whom will
eventually be eligible for retire
ment or pension payments due
to their military service.
The Institutes figures also
show that about two million
people are already on the re-
Iceiving end of pension payments
in addition to the 100000
now getting retirement payments
from Social Security.
The 20 million people now
covered by civilian pension plans
compares with about five million
in 1885 and Is million in 1945.
The greatest growth since
1885 has been in coverage for
non government employees. In
1885 only 100000 non govern
ment workers were covered COM
pared with the 13,300.000 as Of
last January /. That's a five
fold increase.
The number of actual plans
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18

dine with him at the Waldorf ir
New York City. Lorimer wei.
coined the invitation. He haC
skipped lunch because of press
ing appointments and was
famiShed. A hearty eater. he or
dered roast beef.
When the meat was served, hi
observed that his portion anG
that of his host were on the
skinny side. He was about tc
demonstrate with the waiter
when he recalled Coolidge'S eat
ing habits.
He licked the platter clean
and waited impatiently for the
dessert. 1t wasn't served, how
ever. as Coolidge never ate desert
His stomach rumbling. Lori
mer concluded his business as
quickly as possible. Then he
hurried to the hotel restaurant
and ordered a man-sized meal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18

A man asked me the othel
day: who has more courage
the male or the female? Vol
have treated and observed al
kinds OF patients in your practice
I should think you could come
up with a pat answer"
I'm 60 out on a limb" I said
"as I have many times. But this
time I'll have the women on my
side. I believe that the female
of the species has more courage
in combating illness than the
male.
Before you rise up in disagree
ment and point out a woman you
know who is q scaredy-cat and
a man who is courage personifled
please remember we are con-
sidering averages" and not in
dividuals, in making this decision
Put Up Front
For example, I recall a mar
who had seven operations within
a few years. Yet, never once
did I hear any expressions OF
complaint. fear or bewailing OF
his hard luck" You'd think
every excursion to the hospital
was q picnic" He confessed
later that he was scared and
hurting" but had kept up ap-
parent fearlessness to bolster the
courage Of his wife and three
children.
On the other hand, there is
one woman whom I remember
for her complaining and con-
slant anxiety. For 20 years she
had her entire family-four
daughters. four sons-worried
and concerned about her. She
never had a good day"-and
they thought she was on the
verge Of dying for all those years.
But, forgetting individual ex-
ceptions and coming back to the
averages, believe that woman
can take it" better than man.
Once, in this column, gave
a definition Of woman's cour-
age. Woman" I said, will
bring a mirror close to her face
and regard herself unflinchingly.
Not only when she is 20: also
when she is 60. No older man
can Withstand such closeup in
spection unless his face is COW
cred with lather."
Woman With q Mirror
Next time you see a woman
with q mirror, observe her
closely. Watch her as she (beau-
teouS or not, older or younger)
scans every inch Of her coun-
tenance. I say it takes a spe-
cial kind of courage that we men
don't have.
And somehow, this unique
-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18

Tomorrow: II suspect they're up ia
something"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18
FAMOUS FABLES
BY E. E. EDGAR

HUNGER: President Calvin
Coolidge was a light eater. Short
ly after he left the White House
he received a visit from Saturday
Evening Post editor George
Horace Lorimer. Lorimer wished
to consult with the ex-President
about an article.
Coolidge invited the editor to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18
Woman With a Mirror

thanks for an unusual and pleas
ant evening.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18

A wife not only has a right
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18

The Fomily Council consists Of q Judge,
q psyehiotrist. three eIersymen, q
newspaper editor. women. editor
ond two writer's. Eoch article is a
summary Of on actual cose history.
The Council reports on problems
thot hove been dealt with BY
responsible oseneies ond counselors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-18
THE FAMILY COUNCIL
Should Wife Object
To Business Plans?
THE PROBLEM
THE DETAILS

BEN FL want to go to into business
KAY Eve can get along on what he's making.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19
Race Poisoning By Radiation

St, Nw Y0r Jue9
t anudr
how tegtc meiaf ntsanda animals
p Md bmo
rapidly process in the nnwohdA America,
ten yi W
a we lty al unrit of avaas Dr. RAph
from viii be ar
surviving alton thar hmei pepaedf But event
o. a it sgf for the umanbo
o h o VIII the phys
i o the danger walk into h
lis b as the I
Op brpom
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19
ScandinaVians Lead World
In I'm Technical Aid

UNITED NATION, N. Y.-(CNS)
Scandinavian countries give more
per person to UN technical assistance
than any other area of the world,
reports UN's Economic and Social
Council.
Though the U. S. will contribute
more in dollars this year than any
other country, it is fifth in per per-
son giving. More goes out from the
pockets of each individual in Den
mark to help others help themselves
than from individuals in any other
country.
The 10 major per capita contribu-
tors are:
Denmark, 1886; Canada, 11.8; Nor
way, lib; Sweden, 90; United
States, "a; Netherlands, 7.2; Bel
GUM, SO; Switzerland, At; Uruguay,
At; United Kingdom, "A.
This year rs countries pledged
$29,493,258 for UN technical help.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19

1000 roentgens. This is a dose sew
eral times that which would have
killed them if it had been received
all at once, and when received in this
somewhat more diffuse form it would
still be enough to give most of them
pronounced radiation sickness. We
shall not attempt to estimate here
what proportion of the people in the
entire fallout area would, because of
less protection or shorter distance
from the explosion than this, have
had such severe radiation sickness as
to kill them. For this proportion
would largely depend upon how well
the people had been disciplined in adj
vance, provided with shelters, and
otherwise equipped.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19
Noted MISC Professor To Be Principal
Speaker At Great Plains Institute

| NORMAN, Okla.-One of the ma
tion's outstanding sociologists, Carl
F. Kraenzel of Montana, speaks at
the University of Oklahoma Oct. 10.
He is one of three major speakers
for the Great Plains Conference on
Higher Education. This is the i'm
portant school meeting which will
bring 800 delegates to GU from
Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Texas, New Mexico,
Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska and
Oklahoma.
Kraenzel is professor of rural So
GEOLOGY at Montana State College,
and has studied the social problems
of the Great Plains for 20 years. If
it weren't for him, there might never
have been Great Plains Confer
ence. Although he was not the or
ganizer, it was wide interest in his
recently published book, "The Great
Plains In Transition" that led Okla
homa educators to plan the meeting.
In his book, Kraenzel pointed out
that in the Great Plains 'there have
emerged certain characteristic prob
lens, accompanied by erratic efforts
to adapt certain institutional and
social ways to conditions in the re-
gion"
Kraenzel asserts the semi-arid
Great Plains region is an "exploited
hinterland" and that the solution to
problems that have arisen is "adapt
or get OUT.
He believes the residents of the
Plains face gigantic task: "The
entire social, economic, and institu-
tional pattern-from church and
through hospitals, to local
government-must undergo a change
similar to that which has taken place
in the realm of mechanical gadgets'.
The 800 delegates to the GU con-
ference will tackle school problems.
They hope to organize a Great Plains
Institute to continue their work in
years to come. 1t is methods and aims
Of this institute which Kraenzel will
discuss in his major address.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19

cephaly, resulting in defective intel
ligence, that was found in some of
the children born at Hiroshima sew
eral months after the bombing.
DELAYED EFFECTS
One of the kinds of damage to body
cells that is sometimes brought about
by radiation is the conversion of a
normal cell, probably by some kind
of mutation in a gene, into cell with
the potentially of later producing,
when the conditions are appropriate
for it, a malignant growth, either
of blood cells, as in leukemia, or
sometimes become evident only dec
AIDES after the irradiation. Fortu-
nately, they are induced in only
small minority of people, except in
cases in which only small part of
the body has been iTradiated with
a dose far higher than the whole body
could have tolerated. More frequent
among the late effects of irradiation
Of the whole body are the develop
ment Of minute spots of opacity in
the lenses of the eyes. These cata-
racts, seldom large enough to impair
vision seriously, show where indi-
vidual cells have been permanently
damaged, very likely by breaks in
their chromosomes. 1t is only because
the lens is a transparent tissue that
we can directly detect these points
of injury in it, but it may be inferred
that the same kind of thing happens
in all parts in which there are cells
that can divide. This would explain
what is by far the most serious of
the long-term effects of radiation on
the exposed person himself the short
ening of his span Of life.
1t is remarkable how few people,
even among physicians, are yet aware
Of this effect and Of the exact rules
it follows. These rules were discov-
cred some ten or more years ago by
Dr. R. D. Boche (then at the Uni
7ersity of Rochester but shortly aft
9rwards at the University of Chica-
go) on going over data obtained by |
| number of investigators during the
var, under the Manhattan District
project, on the time of death of ir-
adiated mammals of several differ
mt species. The principles were fur
her developed by G. A. Sacher and
\. M. Brues. The results have been
o consistent that there is no reason
BILE doubt of the application of the
anne rules to man, especially in view
f some confimatory evidence. They
cad to the conclusion that for each
oentgen unit of radiation received
y the whole body at a given age, if
Continued on Page Severn J.!
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19
By H. J. MULLER

Tin Three Installments-PA y
In the atomic bombings of Japan
many more people were killed by i'm
pact, fire and heat-rays than by high
energy radiation. eve may however
note that this analysis ignores the
considerable shortening of life in
duced by all the radiation) By con-
trast, present-day hydrogen bomb
emits radioactive fallout products,
derived from its added uranium, that
are lethal over an area of thousands
of square miles, more than 100 times
that ravaged by the blast itself.
1t is obvious that to enable these
H-bombs to do maximum damage the
attempt will be made to space them
over populous regions so as to have
their wide marginal areas Of fallout
overlap. By means of this pattern
bombing" even the margins are
brought above the radiation level for
lethality and the range of effective
fallOut is expanded. Moreover, most
Of the survivors caught far within the
group of conjOined fallout areas are
compelled to wait much longer under
ground until the radiation has suffi-
GENTLY subsidized to allow them to take
the long journey out. This journey
would be necessary, because it would
for years be dangerous to live in
bombed regions.
1t would be surprising if the sur
Lot
was Systematically bombed in this
way did not accumulate in the course
of time an average of 100 to several
hundred roentgen units Of radiation,
even though they had been we'll dis
ciplined for such an attack, and we'll
provided with shelters, radiation
counters, facilities for decontamin-
alton, essential supplies, battery-pow-
erred radios, and so forth. At least,
it has been estimated that people re-
all the time in the base
ments of suburban-type houses, well
sealed off from the dust of the outer
air, in positions ITO miles downwind
from an explosion Of the type set off
on March l, 1854, would receive some
100 roentgens of gamma radiation
from outside during the first week
alone. Moreover, exposure outdoors
in that region on the eighth day if
rain or artificial Decentralization had
not occurred might deliver eighty
-oentgens more of whole-body radia-
ION to them in "a hours. This would
not be enough to give many of them
serious radiation sickness if they did
rot get the dust on their skins Or into
heir bodies. If however, the popu-
alton were not we'll prepared and in
tructed the survivors might in the $
course of the first week or two re-
'eive am average dose of well over {
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-10-19
EARLIER EFFECTS OF
RADIATION

Many of the well-known symptoms
of the group of disturbances known as
radiation sickness appear to stem
from reduction in the number and
efficiency of blood-system cells and
of their products, such as the blood
platelets that insure CLOTHING. The
minute perforations caused by de
struction of blood-vessel cells and
of intestinal cells lead to internal
bleeding and to the entrance of bac-
terra, while the defamation of the
white blood cells reduces the body's
ability to overcome bacteria.
This reduction in cell numbers and
effectiveness is found primarily in the
case of cells that multiply frequently.
Included here are not only the diverse
blood-system cells mentioned, but also
skin and hair cells, the effects on
which cause temporary loss of skin
color and of hair, and the cells of
the reproductive organs, that may be
enough affected to enter a period of
Part of the effect, in all
these cases, must be a consequence
of the temporary checking of cell
multiple that radiation is known
to cause. But much of it must be a
consequence of the damaging, prob
ably by breakage, of the chromosomes
within the cells. These are the minute
threads containing the cells heredi-
tary equipment, its thousands of diff
ferent, highly specialized genes. 1t is
only when cells divide and there
with transmit their precious cargo |
IF genes to their two daughter cells |
hat a break in chromosome, pre-
Iiously produced, may result in a
.ell that lacks chromOSome frag-
nent, and that is killed or perma-
lently impaired by the absence of
certain of its genes. In other words,
here is reason to infer that much
# the malady known as radiation
ickness is really an expression of
damage to the hereditary material
If many of the body's cells, lying
catered throughout certain strategic
issues that normally are renewing
themselves actively.
On this Interpretation it is not sur
rising that if the damage has not
,een too severe there will be some
.ormal cells remaining, by the multi
lication of which the depleted tissues
ill become in considerable measure
The restoration will be in
omplete, however, and diverse parts
f the body will thereby be left in a
omewhat weakened or less effective
' operating condition. Since this
is greater the more rapidly
the cells in the given It's
lie were, it is evident that the young
r the individual is when irradiated
ne more he will be affected. This
i'll express itself, among other
lings, in a checking of growth from
hitch he will never fully recover.
borrower, those parts of him that
ere in a faster growing, more for
ative state at the time of exposure
i'll be especially retarded and de-
pnged. That is why even doses of
fly to 100 roentgens, if delivered
the young fetus, cam give rise to
abnormalities such as the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
Reader Requests
FirSt-H0nd Advice

Mrs. A. B. j., KenSington
I have two questions to ask
in hopes that some of the
readers can help me.
/. I am interested in buy
ing a knitting machine. How
ever. I hate to make the in
vestment before getting some
flrst-hand advice. I would
like to hear from anyone who
has one. Do you like it? Is it
easy to operate and can it
really do all the ads claim?
2. My daughter has ex-
pressed a sincere desire to
learn to play the harp. How
ever. I have told her that she
is too small for such a large
instrument. but when she is
older We would make inquiries.
Well. she recently showed me
picture of a little girl play
ing a harp. The child was
much smaller than my daugh-
ter and the harp was smaller
than any I have ever seen.
Could it be that there are
small harps on which one can
learn? q know. for example,
that one can learn on a small
piano accordion and then get
larger ones later on l hope
someone will be able to tell
me whether or not my daugh-
ter cage 9l2) is too young to
consider harp lessons. She
has had two years Of piano
lessons. Thank you.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
READERS CLEARING HOUSE

spoon salt. Il teaspoon soda,
"a cups chopped walnuts.
Melt cholocate and butter
over low heat. Remove from
heat; add S-ryl. vanilla and
eggs; blend well. Add flour,
salt and soda; mix until
well blended and stir in nuts.
Pour into creased and Toured
nine-inch square pan. Bake
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
Hooking and Broidir1q

For men and women who
are interested in making
hooked and braided rugs:
Classes will be resumed at the
Roosevelt Center. Thirteenth
and Upshur streets NV. Mrs.
Geraldine Chadwick will con-
duct the classes on Tuesday
(pleaSe note change of day.,
beginning April 10, from Z UNI
til 10 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04

in slow oven 1925 degrees) for
20 minutes. Cut into squares
and cool.
I use the liquid S-ryl be-
cause I think it is less trouble
in cooking. 1t can be pur-
chased in four-ounce bottles or
economy pint size. / use it in
stewed fruits, hot and cold
drinks. We even mix it into
the milk for our cereals. If ]
can be of any further help to
you. please contact by mail
through r. c. H.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
Homeowner Queries
Mrs. D. T., Alexandria

I have a problem that per-
haps some kind reader may
have the answer to. I have
been living in my GI home for
five years. At this time some
of the nail heads are coming
through our plaster board
walls, l suppose because of
shrinkage of the wood inside
the walls. What can be done
about this condition. if any,
thing?
One more question for my
neighbor: Can two-story
house that has already been
built. be insulated with this
blown insulation and be done
properly? Thanks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
Sweets Minus Suqor

MIS-. ]. c. s., Chery Chase
For Mrs. NJ. G.. Silver Spring
TO satisfy his sweet tooth:
A small cook booklet may be
had free on request from Alb
bolt Laboratories, North Chi
cago, Illinois. Ask for "Calorie-
saving Recipes" ! sent for 1t
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
Looks New Auoin!

MIS-. L. A. D., washington
For Mrs. r. r. H., Alexan-
dria: I used 30 cleanser (the
metal fiber pad and squares
of red soap for removing
crayon letters from red brick
fireplace. This was so very sue
ceSSful, used it on the entire
fireplace and it looked like new
again! Rinse with warm water
and wipe off with cloth wrung
out. Hope you will be as
pleased as l.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-04
For Kinderlinqs

Registrations for the next
school year for the District
Heights Pre-School Coop
Kindergarten will be taken
April Is at 8 pm. at the Town
Hall. 7l46 Marlboro Pike.
Child must be 5 years old by
December 81, 1856, TO be &C
cepted. Registration fee is SO.
Further information may be
obtained by calling Mrs. John
Shoap, Redwood 6-7405.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-11
Swaps Can Run Even Faster
Than 1::33 Mile, Owner Says

Citations 1885. set at Golden
Gate in 1850.
Ellsworth says Swaps can do
better than 1:331s.
IT really think if Bobby Bro
cato had forced a faster pace.
Swaps would have run under
1888" Ellsworth said. Shoe
maker called it certainly one of
Swaps greatest races"
Swaps now has three world
records. the others being 1:4O2s
for a mile and one-sixteenth. set
i'm the Californian last year. and
1895 for a mile and 20 yards
lat Gulfstream Park in April.
First money Of $29.750 in the
Argonaut boosted total earnings
to SSH. 500 for Swaps, the Cali
lfornia- bred Kentucky Derby
winner of 1855.
Swaps stablemate, the 3-year-
old Terrang, is scheduled to
take crack at the $35. 900 mile
and a sixteenth FL Dorado
Handicap at Hollywood Park
next Saturday. 1t is a stepping
stone to the $4,000 Westerner
lat q mile and a quarter July 81.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-11
Hot Field Assured
For Old Dominion
Stock Cor Race

Director AL Gore has lined up
a fine field of drivers for a 150-
lap late model stock car race
Saturday night at Old Dominion
Speedway.
The Circuit of Speed, Inc, of
Buffalo. N. Y, has guaranteed
the appearance of at least % Of
its top drivers for the program.
which will get under way at $50
pm. Lennie JuSta of Fort N.Y.
ers, Fla, the circuits top point
scorer, leads the list Of invaders.
The weekly drag racing was
resumed on the asphalt strip adj
joining Old Dominion's main
track yesterday. Eddie Diehl Of
Bethesda, driving a 1884 Ford in
Class AA. recorded the best time
for autos, l4.2 seconds.
1856 ai chs Esfys ss rSsse c Hss H
Wayne Morris, Hyattsville, 1851 Mercury
1853. Glass BG-Doug Kruse, Bethesda
1914 Ford, 1916 Powder Pun Glass
Alberta shawen, Riverdale. no time clas,
DS-Clyde Hagerty, Hyattsyille, 1896
Alexandria. 1865 Ford. 1876. Glass AS
Rudolph Weigand. Bethesda, 1858 Olds.
mobile, 1873. Glass Bc-Tex Randall
Hillside. Md, 1856 Chevrolet, Is seconds
Baxter. Kensington, 1854 Triumph. "A
seconds. Class NJ, B Division-Pete Fort.
ney, 1853 Harley Davidson, IL seconds
Glass AA-Eddie Diefl, Bethesda, 1884
Ford, l4.2. Class CG-Layrenes Robin,
BS--GeorRe Davis, Glen Burnie, Nd.
1Q5k Chavrnlet Ia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-11

INGLEWOOD, Calf, June II
(R.-Swaps is taking a two
week rest, well earned by his
world record performance Of
1885 in the Argonaut Mile at
Hollywood Park Saturday.
Owner Rex Ellsworth and
Trainer Mish Tenney plan to give
the colt a breather until the $780,
900 Inglewood Handicap June %
at a mile and one-sixteenth.
Bobby Brocato. second in the
Argonaut by about a length, is
expected to be back for another
crack at Swaps. The Llangollen
Farms may try Mister Gus
against Swaps in the Inglewood
instead Of Porterhouse, who I'm
ished third Saturday.
1t was Porterhouse who upset
Swaps in the Californian two
weeks ago when Willie Shoe
maker, with the race all but won,
eased Swaps in the stretch.
Shoemaker took no chances last
Saturday and Swaps stretch
drive thwarted the hard-trying
Bobby Brocato.
The world record time beat