davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Smoot Company Seeks
Reheoring on Tax Ruling

I The Smoot Sand & Gravel
Corp. has filed a motion for a
rehearing by the full Tax Court
of the case in which one judge
found the company liable for
$451.408 in SurtaXes.
| The ruling handed down &C
tually passes a death sentence
on the business, according to
the motion filed by David r.
Shelton, company counsel.
The ruling. applying to the
years 1945-50, was made earlier
this month by Judge Clarence
V. Opper.
The motion for rehearing and
reconsideration. disputes tn G
opinion rendered that the COM
pany accumulates millions OF
dollars rather than distribute
them in dividends and that there
was no proof there was any pur.
pose for this other than thu
avoidance of surtaxes.
! L. E. Smoot is owner and di.
Irecting head of the company.
i According to the motion, tn,
case cannot be decided "withou
considering the skyrocketing in,
f1ation that took place in the
economy of the United States
during the period in question
The company economically lost
S1.831 ,219" in those years. the
motion says. 1t complains the
economical actualities" were
not dealt with in the opinion.
1t is commended the evidence
shows that, because of constantly
increasing costs. the company's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Must We Weaken Individual Freedoms
To Strengthen Defense of the Whole?
CONSTANTINE BROWN

The price of peace is high,
but the price of freedom is
higher.
There are. these days, con-
slant reminders before us of
this eternal truth. We live in
a world where peace has, for
two generations, been merely a
truce between wars and where
freedom has been in constant
jeopardy from attacks on all
sides.
Back in the late 18th and
throughout the 10th century
most men felt bland assur-
ance that freedom for man.
kind was inevitable with the
passage Of time. Reasoning
men were convinced. almost
without serious thought, that
progress was a certainty, and
that man, except for occasional
brief setbacks, would go on
ward and upward to the stars
as ignorance and prejudice
were laid low. Did the world
not have printing on a mass
production basis. and were not
learned men of good will con-
stantly improving everything
from political concepts to
mousetraps: What other re-
suit could we foresee?
Even as late as the closing
years of World War l, faith in
the steady retreat of the forces
of darkness vas on the ascend
ancy everywhere. The War to
Make the World Safe for De-
mocracy was vanquishing the
imperial might of aggressive
empires. In Russia, a wide
spread and popular revolt had
overthrown the ancient des-
potism of the Tsars. Self
determination of peoples was
the watchword in Central
Europe, where minority peo-
Piles were at last assured of the
right to manage their own
destinies. The ancient Otto
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

Northwest VINO really cares tOl
the future development of this
area will risk voting Republican.
The Tennessee Senator, oppos-
ing Adlai Stevenson for the
Democratic presidential nomina-
ton. predicted the Republicans
will TRY to sell" President Eisen-
hover and Mr.. Nixon with what
Senator Kefauver described as
the most overwhelming mass OF
propaganda ever let loose on the
American people"
The Republican national ticket
was virtually sealed Thursday
when Mr.. Nixon made known his
second term intentions. Mr.
Eisenhower welcomed MIR Nixon's
decision.
Mr.. Stevenson was due in
Oregon late today for three days
of speech-making and ;and-
pumping in advance OF the
States May l8 primary. Neither
Senator Kefauver nor MI. Ste
venson is entered there mally
but both are hoping fol big
write-in votes. The State will
have l6 votes at the Democratic
National Convention-and these
votes will be pledged to the can
didate who wins the most write
in support.
Senator Kefauver already has
done some stumping in Oregon
and his hackers announced in
Portland yesterday ne will re-
turn just ahead Of the primary
for two days of transforming in
Is cities up and down the State
In Chicago James A. Finnegan,
Mr.. StevenSon's campaign man.
ager, looked back over the re-
suits of last Tuesdays primaries
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Otto John Loses
Bid for Freedom

KARLSRUHE. Germany. April
% (R.-Otto John, the double
turncoat, lost another round to-
day in his fight to free himself
of treason charges.
The West German Supreme
Court refused to upset an arrest
order against the 47-year-old
former West German intelligence
chief.
The effect was that John was
sent back to prison with little
likelihood that he will escape
trial on suspicion of treason
charges. probably in the sum-
mer.
Joachim Loesdau, chief prose
cutor, told newSmen the investi-
cation of the John case will be
completed by the end of May.
John has been in Jail at Mann
helm since December %, 1855.
He had slipped across the Iror
Curtain into East Germany or
July 20. 1854. He told reporters
he went over to the Reds to
work for peace and against a
revival of NaZi militarism. But
he came back December II, 1855
with an account of how he had
been drugged and taken uncon-
Scious into East Berlin. West
German authorities arrested HIM
Mir. Loesdau told reporters the
court ruled there is still urgent
suspicion that john had COM
mitted treason and that if re-
leased he would try to escape
abroad.
Mr.. Loesdau said the court
ordered a new psychiatric eX-
animation of John. He said
previous examinations had not
showed evidence of mental dis
turbances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Archbishop Hit
On Cyprus Talk

LONDON. April % (P).-Three
top government ministers have
Irebuked the Archbishop of Cam
terbury for his recent criticism
of British policy on the riot
torn Mediterranean island of
Cyprus.
Apparently speaking with the
authority of Prime Minister
Eden. the ministers aSsailed
comments by DR.. Godfrey Fish
er, top cleric of the Church of
England.
The archbishop protested last
week against what he called the
governments "inaction" in the
British island colony and said
every delay decreases the num-
Der of moderates there"
The Greek descended majority
of Cyprus population has been
pressing a campaign to end Brit
iSh rule and unite the island
with Greece.
DR.. Fisher called for assur-
ances that eXiled Cypriot Arch
bishop MakarioS III will be al
lowed to return to Cyprus as
soon as order is restored. He
also urged that work begin at
once on framing new conSti-
tuition.
The sooner terrorism ends,
the quicker we can get on with
fulfilling our offer to draft the
constitution" Richard A. Butler,
lord of the privy seal and Sir
Anthony'S top adviser, said in a
speech at Takely.
1T is no wish of the Prime
Minister or any member of the
government that this should be
delayed" he added.
Pensions Minister John Boyd
Carpenter said in a speech at
Carlisle that the archbishop's
comment was lone of the least
helpful interventions in this very
difficult situation in Cyprus"
1T does not help to say, as
Dr.. Fisher did, that there are
people in Cyprus with whom dis
cussions can be carried on even
while terrorism continues" he
added. IF he knows of such
people, he should encourage
them to talk with the governor. "
At another meeting. state
minister for colonial affairs John
Hare called on the archbishop to
use his vast influence" to per-
suade peace-loving Cypriots to
start talks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

man Empire, the rule of the
Turk over a vast area of
Europe and Africa, was tot
tering to ruin.
But after the chickering's of
Versailles came the slow dawn
ing of realization. The Rus
sian Revolution was appro-
priated by the Bolsheviks and
a new, bloodier tyranny re-
placed the old one to begin its
plans for the conquest of the
world. The newly-won free
doms of long-subject peoples
became devices for the subju-
cation of new minorities. De-
mocracy faltered everywhere,
giving way to regimes of fas-
cism and statism which, in the
name of national survival, re-
vived tryannies and tortures
and denials of the rights of
man long abolished from civil
lied states.
Today. as never before. we
are faced with the challenge of
values versus expediency. De-
cisions must be made, as we
rocket along on our frenzied
course, that would test the
judgments of any Solomon.
We have to decide on the
nature Of our enemies and of
the friends we are willing to
make to defeat them. We al
lied ourselves with the Com
munist dictatorship in World
War II in order to destroy the
Nazi dictatorship, because
there seemed no question that
the paramount need was to
halt the Nazis in the name of
freedom. Yet today we find
ourselves closely identified
with relationships of various
stripes. some not too unlike the
Mussolini and Hitler types,
so that we may strengthen
our stand against the main
threat TO freedom - interna-
tional communism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

eral Advisory Committee. The
Fermi awards. named after the
man who created the first sus-
tanned nuclear chain reaction.
were authorized by Congress and
must be approved by the Presi-
dent.
This is the first OF what is
expected to be an annual cita-
ton Of a scientist working In
atomic energy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Joint Hearings Will Canvass u. S. Lag
And Measures to Step Up Program

development Of economically
competitive atomic power. be-
cause 1t tied the hands of the
Government in the field of re-
actor development"
To correct the inadequacieS,
he now urges enactment of a
bill he introduced nearly a
year ago under which the Gov
eminent would construct six
large-scale reactors in various
parts of the country to develop
the best methods of producing
atomic power which then
could be adopted by private
enterprise land facilitate the
effective and early entrance of
private enterprise into the
field" This brought into the
debate the chairman of the
Joint Congressional Commit
tee on Atomic Energy-Sena-
tor Clinton Anderson, Demo-
crat of New Mexico-who said
he would be very happy to see
industry build the reactors,
but if there is going to be
some delay, then certainly
there is no alternative but for
the Government construction
of reactors."
Senator Gore saw the prob
lem as a challenge both to
government and private enter
prise which. he said, must be
met in partnership. In his
discussion he explained that
already $14 billions of taxpayer
money has been spent in de-
velopment of atomic energy
and he sees mo necessity for
giving to private industry a
monopoly on the use of this
natural resource which belongs
to all the people"
He is willing to make con-
cessions to private enterprise
to encourage its entrance in
to the atomic power field; but
he questioned the need for
such widespread exemption"
from the Public Utility Holding
Company Act as is proposed in
the Potter-Pastore bill now
pending before the Senate
Interstate Commerce Com
mittee. AS was disclosed in this
column a few days ago. that
measure would amend the Pub
lie Utility Holding Company
Act-enacted in 1885 to check
abuses by utilities inimical to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
THOMAS L. STOKES

Why we are tagging in de-
velopment of power from
atomic energy-in which APP
parently Russia, Great Britain
and France are ahead of us
and means and measures to
step up our program will be
canvassed in public hearings
by the Joint Congressional
Committee on Atomic Energy
beginning May Is.
In an extended and informa-
tive debate on the delay and
problems involved in expedit-
ing the program, considerable
blame was put by Senator Al
bert Gore Democrat of Ten
nessee) on the hesitancy of
private enterprise to enter the
field under terms of the 1854
law which, as he pointed out,
was made especially favorable
for private industry participa-
ton. Government competition
was barred and private enter
prise given a virtual monopoly
so that it would have a free
hand.
I'VE were told" the Senator
said. that hundreds of mil
lions of dollars were waiting
to flow quickly into atomic
power reactGrs. We we're told
that if Congress would but tie
the hands Of government and
take government out of the
field of atomic power, private
enterprise would move quickly
and efficiently and certainly
into the development of atomic
power.
over the protests of sew
eral members of the Senate,
that bill did pass. The Govern
ment's hands were tied. A
monopoly on the use of atomic
power was given to private en-
terprise. We simply have not
received the results that were
promised not one license
has been granted. not one
construction permit has been
issued, and none is even in i'm
mediate prospect"
The Tennessee Senator said
he and others felt that the bill
which later became law did not
properly protect the public in
terest, which is what provoked
the l3-day-and-night battle
over it, nor did they believe
that it would provide rapid
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Line of No More Appeosement

Such associations are in
escapable in a complex world,
where survival depends on a
realistic appraisal of the main
chance. And so long as the
values which made our Nation
great are those we continue to
live by and steer by, we run
but little risk in counting the
material support of the less
desirable political systems of
the world. But our values
must always be before us, or
the cause we fight for won't
be worth the fight.
Even in our domestic affairs
we face the same cruel choices.
In our honest efforts to pre-
serve American institutions
from those who would destroy
them, we have set up security
programs to help us identify
our enemies within. But here
again we face the factor Of
recognizing the greater dan
ger: Must we weaken our ira
ditions of individual freedom
in order to strengthen our de-
Tense of our whole freedom?
There can be but one answer,
for when the whole freedom
falls there will be none for any
individual anywhere.
In our sincere search for a
means to world peace we must
make everyday decisions Of
grave import. Somewhere. we
know, there must be a line of
no surrender, no more APP
peasement. Where is the line?
Do we do mankind a greater
service by striving to keep his
present living members alive
at any cost. or would it be
best in the interest of human
ity to wipe out the awful things
that threaten him?
There have been critical
days for man many times in
his long and troubled history,
but seldom if ever have the
stakes been so high or the
threats so complicated. And
we play for keeps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Hommorskjold
Goes On to Cairo

CAIRO, Egypt, April % (R.-
Dag Hammarskjold of the Unit
ed Nations arrived today to wind
up his Middle East peace talks
with Egyptian officials.
The secretary general few
here from Lebanon after a round
of visits to Israel, Syria and Jor-
dan. He has won cease fire
pledges from Israel. Egypt and
Jordan and conditional pledges
from the other Two Arab states,
Syria and Lebanon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

another BY Representative Poage,
Democrat Of Texas. proposing
cash payments for farmers that
would bring the level of sup
ports for basic crops, feed grains
and dairy products to 80 per
cent of parity-a level vigorously
opposed by the administration.
Due to Stir Dispute
Both bills were introduced yes
terday afternoon, House Agri-
culture Committee Chairman
Cooley, sponsoring the overall
measure. Both are calculated to
stir trouble. The soil-bank bill
has genera support, but admin
stration forces have served notice
that they intend to firht for
President EiSenhoWer's plan for
advance payments to particl-
pants contracting to take crop
lana out Of production in the
bank Program this year. Dem
ocratS characterize it as an cleo
tion-year device.
The new support payment pro-
poSal, which hackers call com
pensatory payments" is assured
of a Republican attack, as it is
substantially the same price
raising device that played a big
part in the presidential veto.
The new Cooley bill largely is
the same as that which encoun-
tered the veto. but it has been
stripped of all but one of the
features to which President
Eisenhower objected. Shclveo
were provisions for fixed 90 pei
cent supports for wheat. cotton
corn. rice and peanuts: two
price systems for wheat ano
rice. and a new basis for fieurine
parity--the farmers fair return
level.
A lesser item to which the
President objected - mandatory
supports at higher levels fol-
small grains-was retained.
In all. the bill carries some
thing better than 81 billion fol
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

farm belt pocketbooks, but il
has been pointed out that the
S1.2 billion available the first
year of the soil-bank does not
represent net gain for partici-
pants. inasmuch as production
must be curtailed to qualify them
for payments.
For cutting back acreage of
cotton, corn, wheat. rice, peanuts
some tobaccos and feed grains,
in a program for cutting price
depressing SurpluSes they get
$3.50 million. For retirement OF
any cropland to a conservation
reserve. the payment total is
fixed at $3.50 million, making a
total of Sl2 billion.
In addition. the bill carries
about 81 billion for purchase OF
surplus commodities in times OF
distress. such as the pork buying
program inaugurated vera
months ago when the hog market
collapsed.
The bill also provides new sur
pluS-disposal machinery, and es-
tablisheS a commission to devise
a program for industrial uses fol
farm products.
Has Ellender Features
The Cooley bill in most re-
spects is in line with proposals
for new legislation backed by
Chairman Ellender of the Senate
Agriculture Committee, which
eventually will have to pass or
the program.
Senator Ellender, however, sale
today that he wants either the
two-prlce system for rice - ar
important crop in his native Lou.
iSiana or a floor" that will put
the minimum planting area al
around lie million acres.
He also objects to the new pro-
gram of Secretary of Agriculture
Benson, giving supports to corr
growers in the commercial ares
who do not comply with acreage
allotment restrictions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

dollars would purchase less. Thus.
it is asserted, the company was
far worse off at the end of each
of the years than it was during
each preceding year and was
worse off at the end of 1850
than at the beginning of l945.
If the opinion stands, it is
commended. the business would
be destroyed on 1.-The basis Of
patiently meaningless book en-
tries" as to which, admittedly.
Mr.. Smoot had no knowledge.
The opinions basic error SIS
its failure to come to grips with
the facts that made the COM
panys management conclude
that payment of dividends would
have been ruinous to its business,
the motion asserts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28

in Pennsylvania, Massachusetts
and Alaska. Then he declared
they show that Gov. Steven
son s support has increased since
1852, while that of both Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Senator
Kefauver has declined"
This was the latest in series
of conflicting analyses of the
various primary outcomes. All
the camps-Eisenhower, Kefau-
yer and Stevenson-have inter-
ipreted the vote totals and per-
centages as favorable to them
Meantime a powerful voice
from the leadership of organized
labor has pronounced a plague
on both your houses" opinion OF
both major political parties.
AFL Clio President George
Meany. addressing a union leg.
islatiye conference here yester-
day. said:
There is a difference, but it's
not too great. between the two
parties. The difference is not
enough to attract the trade
union movement to buy either
one.
I'VE couldn't buy the Demo-
cratic Party with their Dixie
Gratis and their record on civil
rights. And we couldn't buy
the Republican Party with It's
subservience to big business"
Mr.. Meany did not say wheth-
err he favorS withholding ALL
Clio Endorsement of presidential
candidates this year. In the
past the previously separate
ALL and CLIO generally backed
Democrats. The combined labor
organization claims some Is mil
lion members.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
BY the Associated Press

Secretary of Commerce Weeks
has announced details of a S246
million five-year program for a
modernized Federal air traffic
control system.
Mr.. Weeks submitted to Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Kefouver Levels Fire
On Ike and Dick Team
BY the Associated Press

Senator Kefauver has opened frontal what he
calls he team of Ike and Dckjust day after Vice Pres
dent Nixon announced his willingness to again the
Eisenhower ticket
Campaigning in Washington State Kefauver told
a Democratic dinner at Spokane last night:
Il don't think that a man or woman in this great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-28
Prepayment Provision
Cut F rom Soi|-Bonk Bill
BY JOSEPH A. FOX

Stripped of the $500 million provision adyo-
Cateo o PRESIDENT EISENHOWER sobank legislation
us way oday along uncertain paths through the
maze Inc new Soi-bank plan the key crtaed
version OF the omnibus farm bill killed by presidential
The measure is due to be up by the House Agriculture
Committee elon
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-03-23

Birth Hillel Foundation at Har-
ward University.
The unofficial opening" of
Hillel House took place early this
year with a concert given under
the auspices of the Jerusalem
Chamber Music Society and held
in the new auditorium. AS part of
the Society's regular subscription
series it was attended by several
distinguished members of the
Jerusalem community. It was the
first of many programs which will
be planned for the new hall,
which has a seating capacity of
800 and will enable the Hebrew
University Hillel to present lee
lures, concerts and other events
to which the public will be in
vited.
Frequently the scene of Hebrew
University functions. Hillel play
ed host in January TO newly ap-
pointed faculty members at a
reception presided over by Pro-
lessor B. Mazar. President of the
University. Hillel's facilities were
also used for a reception honoring
Bruno Zevi. Lecturer on Archi-
lecture at Rome University.
1t is not only the Jewish stu
dents who have come to recognize
the TIillel Foundation as an inte-
grail part OF the university COM
munity. Rabbi Zigmond's prede-
cessor, Rabbi Maurice Pekarsky,
who has since returned to the
Hillel Foundation at the Univer-
sity of Chicago, once played host
to fifty Israeli Arabs who had
asked him if they might visit
Hillel for an "interfaith program"
CONTINUED on Page 24)
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-03-23

Responding to this enthusiasm
for Hillel activities, The Founda-
ton at the Hebrew University has
been enlarged to three times its
former size. Originally a one-story
building, it was closed from April
to December of last year for ex-
tensive alteration and enlarge
ment, and now has two new
floors, including a new auditor
ium, seminar rooms, a library,
and an outdoor roof equipped for
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-03-23
Mobile, Alabama
The MEIIeI Foundation in Israel

JERUSALEM Students from many cultural backgrounds
countries all the world making the Bnai ille
Foundation the Hebrew University Jerusalem
international house and increasingly popular
center of university LIFE
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-03-23
dancing and sports activities.

dancing and sports activities.
The Foundation was closed
from April to December of last
year TO undergo alteration and
enlargement. The official dedica-
ton will take place this Spring.
but FIillel has already been re-
opened and Hebrew University
students are now enjoying the
new facilities and an expanded
program under the direction of
Rabbi Maurice Zigmond. Rabbi
Zigmond is on leave from his post
as New England Regional Direc-
tor and Director of the B'nai