davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-08
Secretaries SnurI

My heart was deeply touched
by the item on September %
headed BOSSES Wistfully
Dream of Perfect Secretary"
In my last permanent posi-
ton in Wall Street. 1 per-
formed all the duties outlined
plus a few more. contributed
to the firms trade magazine. I
helped write speeches, 1 did
research on and composed
market letters for the firm and.
on one occasion, bought the
school wardrobe for my boss's
young daughter during a time
when her mother was i'll. I
also kept track of his bird dogs
and where the horses were
running. / was quite well paid
for this. 1 received $75 per
week plus a bonus of several
hundred dollars at Christmas,
plus additional bonuses as bus
mess permitted. This was in
the period of 1882 to 1888 when
salaries were not high. Il for
got to mention that I took
little shorthand but composed
most of the letters myself with
but brief notes from my en-
ployer for guidance.) The point
I am making is that my en-
ployer was willing to pay for
this kind of secretary. This
does not seem to be true today
and also there is much empha-
sis put on the words-per-min-
ute requirements. When we
came to Washington 1 thought
I might return to business
after these many years of trav-
cling about the world but inn
mediately / ran into the SUI
percilious personnel people
with set requirements and, on
one occasion, demanded a so
words-per-minute tipping skill
on a defective typewriter for a
Job which required that l COM
pose my own letters and paid
only $751;
Perhaps If the bosses them
selves did the interviewing and
were really willing to take
older, competent women, and
also willing to pay more, they
would find good secretaries.
L. G.
= N*
Examples of the vital quail
tiles needed to keep a secre-
tary'S experience and person.
atty talents in the company
are:
Let her know neither gen.
eral policy salary levels nor
shortsighted self interest will
interfere with salary raises for
outstanding service. Pay her a
percentage, however small, on
gross earnings to encourage
initiative.
See she gets invitations to
attend local conferences, CITY,
wide meetings or specific lee
lures to fill in her knowledge
of your trade and its more
prominent members.
Include her in bull sessions,
during or after business hours,
a recognized method of edu-
eating junior members into
understanding the idiosyncra-
cies Of their trade.
Never forget she has been
trained by men in a mans
world and is responding In kind
in her quest for success in the
business world. Just as the
top salesman wants to be a
branch manager, the perfect
secretary looks for the next
step upward.
Gal Friday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-08
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
BY THE HAsRIN 81


uittng
inc 3 cent iof
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Dispersal Motion
Tied to Defense Bill.
By the Associated Press

A provision favoring the dis
persal of industry as a defense
measure was included in a bill
passed by the Senate yesterday
to extend the Defense Production
Act two years.
The legislation now goes to a
Senate-House Conference COM
mittee since the dispersal provi-
sion was not included in the
House passed bill.
The provision drew sharp at
tack. but twice by roll call votes
the Senate decided to keep it in
the bill. 1t had been inserted in
the Senate Banking Committee
by Senators who said the Nation
should not have "all its eggs in
one basket" in case of atomic
attack.
Senator Bush. Republican of
Connecticut. said the provision
was a dagger thrust at the
heart OF my own State and of
every other industrial area. from
the East Coast to the West
Coast, in this Nation"
But Senator Watkins, Republic
can Of Utah. in supporting the
section said the fight
simply was a scrap between "the
HAYES and the have-nots.
Senator Fulbright, Democrat
Of Arkansas, called the provision
a very modest proposal" He
said it didn't apply to existing
plants but only to companies
that seek Federal aid in the
Of new plants.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
ImperiIs
.BiqOiLT Tanks

MIDLAND. Tex, June % [p.-
Two $4,000 barrel oil tanks,
iignited by lightning, continued
to burn fiercely early today.
threatening hundreds of sur
rounding tanks in one Of the
worlds largest crude oil tank
farms.
The tanks were struck yester-
day during an electrical storm.
Shortly after midnight fire.
lighters believed they had the
blazes under control but a new
"hare-up" renewed the threat.
Oil field workers and fire.
men sought to keep the fire
confined to the two tanks, owned
by the Magnolia Petroleum Co.,
and prevent it from spreading
in the several hundred acre area
covered with tanks ranging from
$4,000 to 100000 barrel capacity.
The tank farm is a gathering
and storage area for Magnolia.
Gulf and Atlantic Petroleum
companies and the Permian
Pipeline Co.
Firemen credited the moder-
ately heavy rains that accom-
panied the electrical storm and
the intermittent showers that
fell during the night with help
ing to keep the fire from spread
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
c. }. Ford, II,
Round Hill
Civic Leader

ROUND HILL, Va, June Q;
(SpeciaD Charles James Ford
III. churchman, civic leader, for
mer member of the Loudoun
County School Board, retired
merchant and banker, died yes
Iterday at Loudoun County Hospi-
tai from a heart condition.
He had been in bad health for
several years.
Born in Round Hill, he had
spent his entire life here. He was
the son of the late George T.
and Mollie James Ford.
Mr.. Ford was vice president
and director of the Round Hill
National Bank, and vice chair
man of the board for the greater
part of this time. He was a
member of Round Hill Baptist
Church and a member for As
years of Thompson Masonic
Lodge las.
Mr.. Ford was former Mayor OF
Round Hill and at the time OF
his death was the town recorder
and treasurer. He had been in
the mercantile business for a
number of years, retiring two
years ago.
He is survived by his widow,
Mrs. Ruth Bridges Ford: four
sons, George Tyler Ford and C.
j. Ford. jr.. of Richmond, Dorsey
B. Ford of Hopewell and William
v. Ford of Round Hill; two sis
tiers, Mrs. Ezra T. Carter and
Mrs. j. B. Craft Of Gate City, Va.
and seven grandchildren. Flu
neral will be at 3 pm. tomorrow
at Round Hill Baptist Church,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
House Unit Waits
On MuriIyn's Bliss
BY the Associated Press

Chairman Walter says hi
House Committee on Un-Amer'
lean Activities will discuss con-
tempt action against Playwright
Arthur Miller-put it shouldn't
interfere in Mr.. Millers honey
moon with Marilyn Monroe.
Mr.. Walter said yesterday that
Mr.. Miller was very obviously
in contempt" when he appeared
before the committee Thursday
He did not say when the COM
mittee might consider further
action.
The chairman said he was
speaking for himself but I just
don't see how we can consist
entity not cite him."
The contempt question arose
when Mr.. Miller refused to tell
the committee the names of
those who were at q meeting OF
what he understood to be Com
munist writer's in 1899 or 1910
Mr.. Miller testified that in the
past he had supported Commu-
mist fronts, something he
wouldn't do now. He said he was
never under Communist disci-
pine"
Mr.. Walter said that despite
June and cupid" Mr.. Miller
would be dealt with just as
everybody else who appears be-
for this committee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Mrs. Dickinson, 50.
Retired u. S. Aide

Mrs. Ferdinand j. Dickinson
1853. retired clerk for the Internal
Revenue Service, died Thursday
at a Takoma Park nursing home
after a lengthy illness.
Mrs, Dickinson had suffered
from hardening of the arteries
land high blood pressure for lC
years. She was the former Mabel
Sarah Culver and a native OF
IBridgeville. Del. She had lived
in the Washington area fol-
longer than 81 years. Her hus-
band is a retired storekeeper for
the American Red Cross. They
celebrated their 50th wedding
anniversary last February IA.
In addition to her husband
she is survived by one son, Will
liam j. Dickinson of the home
address,. SPIT Fifth street NV:
three sisters, Mrs. Addie Thomas
TAO Ingraham street NV; Mrs
Nettie Ford, 202 Creswell drive,
Falls Church, and Mrs. Clarence
Bowman of Los Angeles. and a
brother, Grover Culver of Whea-
ton. Md.
Funeral services were to be
held at 2 pm. today at the Deal
funeral home, 1912 Georgia ave-
nue. NV. Burial will be in
Glenwood Cemetery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Walter S. Hiatt,
Former A. P. Writer

NEW YORK, June % CR.--
Walter Saunders Hiatt, 70, who
served as an Associated Press
correspondent with the italian
Army at the front in World Wal
i, died Thursday at Les Ormes
France.
Mr.. Hiatt was born in Jasper
Tenn, and received his educa-
ton at the University of Ken
lucky and Paris and Berlin Uni
versities. He worked for the
Lexington, (Ky.) Herald in 1897
served as chief yeoman in the
Navy during the Spanish-Amer-
lean War, and was with the New
York Times from 1902 to 1904
He Joined the Associated Press in
Paris in December. 1915, and
was sent to Rome. After the war
he served in Southeastern Eu-
Ape. and left the AP in 1923.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Mrs. William H. AIdrich, rs.
Family With Star Many Years

Mrs. William H. Aldrich, 76,
whose family has worked at The
Star for three generations, died
yesterday at Garfield Hospital,
where she had been hospitalized
since March. She suffered a
cerebral hemorrhage April Z and
had been in a coma since that
time.
Her husband, a retired Star
printer, died last December and
her son, Charles Aldrich, also a
Star printer. died May IA. Since
her husbands death Mrs. AID
rich had lived with her daughter
Ruth and her son-in-law, Thorn
as A. Rooney. 4913 La Sale road,
Avondale, Md.
Mrs. Aldrich was active in
Catholic groups. She was a
member of the Catholic Daugh-
tiers of America. the Christ Child
Society, the Medical Missions
Sisters Auxiliary and the So
dality at st. Anthony's Church.
She was a member also of the
Women's Auxiliary of the Typo
graphical Union.
Mrs. Aldrich was the former
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
PIuneWreck Feared
In AsheviIIe Area

AsHEv1LLE. N. c., June %
R.-A sheriff's posse was to re-
new search through a noun
tain area here today for a plane
that repeatedly crashed near
the Blue Ridge Parkway yes
terday
The Buncombe County sheriff's
department said five or six per-
sons saw the plane 60 down in
the Steele Gap and Poplar Log
Cove area. about 80 miles north
east of Asheville.
The posse. aided by two hell
Icopters from Donaldson Air
Force Base at Greenville, S. c..
searched until dark last night
but could find no signs of a
crash.
One Of the pilots, Capt. Bay
lor Haynes Of Dallas, Tex, said
that witnesses described the
plane as a two-engine craft
but were unable to identify its
type or markings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Mrs. CoIecchio, 50
ok Department
Employe 80 Years

Mrs. Pearl Colecchia, SO, 9
resident of the District for nearly
40 years and an employee of the
Internal Revenue Service for &c
years, died Thursday of a heart
attack in Georgetown Hospital
She was a native Of Columbus
Ohio.
Mrs. Colecchia lived at 3743
Brandywine street NV. She
formerly was president Of the
Ellen Spencer Mussey Tent OF
the Daughters Of Union Vet
Grams Of the Civil War. Until
the time Of her death Mrs
Colecchia was national co-chair-
man of the organization. which
entertains patients Of veterans
hospitals.
She was a member Of the
Kings Daughters of Alexandria,
the Ohio State Society, the
Ohio Girls Club Of Washington,
the Auxiliary to the Sons Of
Union Veterans and an active
member Of Grace Reformed
Church.
Several weeks before her
death Mrs. Colecchia had re-
turned from the 50th reunion
of her high school graduating
class in Xenia, Ohio.
Mrs. Colecchia is survived by
her husband. Dominic Colecchia,
a tailor, and a brother, James
F. Williams Of Houston, Tex.
Funeral services will be at IL
am. Monday at the Lee funeral
home. Fourth street and Massa-
.chusetts avenue NE. Burial will
be in Cedar Hill Cemetery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
I. A. GoIdstone, 80.
Pioneer Architect
On Apartments

NEW YORK, June % (P. =
Lafayette Anthony Goldstone. 80,
architect who pioneered in the
design of cooperative and luxury
apartment houses, died yester-
day at his home here after a
long illness.
He was born in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y, June 81. 1876. He quit
school before he was IA to take
three Office boy jobs that paid
him total of So a week. and
still had time to take drawing
lessons from retired architect,
When he was Is he came to
New York with a roll Of draw
ings and SIS in cash. and began
his intensive self-training in
architecture through odd Jobs
with architects and builders.
In 1902 Mr.. Goldstone opened
his own Office and in 1909 formed
partnership with William L.
Rouse, which continued until
1926. One Of Mr.. Goldstone's last
works was the Lillian Valid
houses. the first Joint project of
the New York City Housing Au-
thority and the New York State
Division of. Housing, completed
in 1947.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Paul H. Hyde,
Headed Firm

INDIANAPOLIS, June % up
Paul H. Hyde. 81, retired presi-
dent of the Mentholatum Co. OF
Buffalo. N. Y, collapsed and
died yesterday while playing in
"a driving rain at the Western
Senior Golf Tournament at
Highland Golf and Country Club
Mr.. Hyde, who retired as
president of Mentholatum re-
Gently, was one of six sons OF
the late Albert A. Hyde, the
founder of the firm. He was
born in Wichita, Kans., but came
to Buffalo as a youth when
Mentholatum headquarters were
moved here.
He had played golf since he
was a boy and won the Kansas
State amateur championship in
1908.
Mr.. Hyde maintained his resi-
dence here but had spent much
of his time in recent years in
Pinehurst, N. C.
He is survived by his wife, a
son, Edward K. Hyde II, who is
vice president of Mentholatum;
two daughters, three brothers
and two sisters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Dfatha

RHoDA A. On Friday, Jun,
1s9l Owens rd;; oxCn Hin. Nd, tn
mother mot Of Martha !; Hcicomb. Mary F
aldson: Robert " Waldron and Oliver
and Mrs. Jesse Humer. She, also i
survived sur by seventeen. grandchildren
ends iH s9 call az fhe Ies Fuassa
Home. 4th st and Mass. ave. ne.
day. June IS. at $50 "s am On 1 men.
ment Glenwood Cemetery. ~
VIOLET HELEN (nes
HerberO: Suddenly. on Friday. june
1855. VIOLET HELEN WILL
LOuGHBY (nee HerberD. beloved
mother of Mrs. Hilda J, McQueeney
James j Willoushby. ana Mrs. Mary
Louise Dunn. Remains at the Geier
Funeral Home 1905 14th st. NV
Notice Of funeral later.
ELSIE z. On Saturday, june
%, 1856, ELSIE 2. WRIGHT. The
beloved wife of Melvin P. Wright
mother of Melvin o. and Elsie Elaine
Wrisht, sister Of Mrs. Mozelle Swank
Mrs. Lucille Jordan, Mr.. Hester Beck
and Mr.. Paul Costner. Funeral from
the w. w Deal Funeral Home. 4Sig
Georgia ave. NV. on Monday, june
%, at . pm. Interment Fort Lin
coin Cemetery. In lieu Of flowers
contributions may be made to the
American Cancer Society. "a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Leors Are Delayed
On Moscow FLIGHT

BERLIN, June % OWL
nam P. Lear and his wife got
final permission from the Rus
slams yesterday to make a trail
blazing flight in their private
plane to Moscow.
But the widely known United
States aviation equipment manu-
facturer had to postpone the
takeoff at the last minute be-
cause OF a brake failure. He
oehnitely set departure for
Tuesday.
The Lears hoped from West
Berlin's Tempelhof Airport to
Schoenfeld Airfleld just outside
East Berlin when assured they
would get Russian permission for
the Moscow visit.
When We landed" Mr.. Lear
said, Russian officials greeted
us with great deal of cordiality.
There was whole flock of brass
out to meet us.
The Russians broke them
selves apart to help us and they
were really discouraged about
this brake thing. They were
afraid someone in the State
Department would change his
mind about letting us 90. I
told them I was sure no one in
the State Department would do
that"
He said he and his wife would
remain in Moscow three DAYS
and then fly to Helsinki and
Stockholm before heading back
to their home in Geneva, Swift
zerland, and their four children.
For the trip to Moscow the
Russians have assigned an Eng
speaking navigator to ac-
company them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Funds Asked for Study
OF Polio |mpersonotors

Threats. which are the symptoms
commonly seen in polio"
But. he said, no paralysis de-
veloped and ut has been only
in the last couple of months that
we were able to identify this
particular epidemic as not being
polio. but caused by one of the
polio like virsuses, actually
ECHO type A."
Stresses Need for Care
But DR. Bauer emphasized that
ECHO and related viruses should
not be brushed off merely be-
cause their effects are not as
serious as those of their more
deadly relatives.
For one thing, he said, they
make it difficult to Judge how
well the attack on true polio is
going: ut is impossible to do
IA definite evaluation of the Salk
vaccine without culling out
these polio-like cases from true
polio"
The health service asked for
an increase of $480,O00 for activ-
tiles on poliomyelitis and other
related virus diseases.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23

Mary A. McGann, a native of
Worcester, Mass. She was edu-
Gated at Rutland Mass, and
was married in 1899. She had
lived in the Washington area
for As years. She and her hus-
band formerly lived in Boston
where he was printer on news
papers.
Besides Mrs. Rooney she is
survived by three other daugh-
tiers, Mrs. Kathorne Ernul, 1901
Connecticut avenue NV; Mrs.
Dorothy Sweeney, Longmeadow
Mass; Mrs. Laura Powers, Old
Saybrook, Conn; a son, William,
jr., Miami, Fla, and sister,
Miss Anna 1. McGann, Rutland.
Two of her Is grandchildren,
Carlene and Diana Aldrich, work
at The Star. Also surviving are
two great-grandchildren.
Requiem mass will be offered
at 8 am. Tuesday from St.
Anthony's Catholic Church.
Twelfth and Monroe streets NE.
Burial will be in Arlington
Cemetery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23

The Public Health Service has
asked Congress for more money
to study impersonators among
the viruses.
These cause diseases that look
like polio and other cripplers
and. killers. but are not.
DR.. Theodore J. Bauer, in
charge of the services COM
municable disease center, told a
House Appropriations Subcom-
mittee that what was thought to
be a polio outbreak at Punta
Gorda, Fla, will almost certainly
turn out to be caused by one of
these new viruses."
His testimony, given about
two weeks ago, was made public
by the subcommittee.
Iowa Cases Cited
DR.. Bauer also cited an out
break of illness last year in Mar
shalltown, Iowa, where we found
in excess of 200 cases of people
sick with fever, headaches, stiff
ness of the neck and back, mus
cular pains, vomiting and sore
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23

the 5000 block of Blaine stree
NE. who pleaded guilty to as.
sault and who was referred tc
the probation officer, and Harold
Mills, Is, colored, of the 340C
block of Sherman avenue NV.
who pleaded guilty to petty lar
ceny.
Bus Driver Testifies
According to trial testimony
William H. Hall, SO, of SCOT
Emerson street. Edmonston, Md.
stopped his bus at Fiftieth anc
Blaine streets and a crowd o.
disorderly juveniles got on the
bus.
Mr.. Hall testified that Wright
staggered down the asile of the
bus from the rear, shouting, I'm
loaded with vodka and I'm moi
going to take any . off any.
body" Mr.. Hall said Wright de.
manded a transfer slip. although
he paid no fare. Moments after
wards. Mr.. Hall testified, he was
struck about the face and head
with fists and a hard object. He
said he was robbed of about
$6.25.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Mrs. CoIosonto Dies;
Mother Of Police judge

Mrs. Anthony r. Coiasanto,
IA. mother Of James N. Colasan-
to, senior civil and police Judge
in Alexandra. died Thursday in
Alexandria Hospital following a
cerebral hemorrhage.
Another son, Nicholas A. Cola
santo, was formerly city manager
OF Alexandria. An attorney. he
is now president of the Alex
andria Bar Association.
Mrs. Colasanto was the former
Anna Jamele, a native of Italy.
She came to the United States
when she was Is and lived in
Waterbury. Conn. Her husband,
whom she married in 1901, was
a shoemaker there, specializing
in orthopedic work. They moved
to Alexandria in 1899. Mr..
Colasanto died in 1943.
Mrs. Colasanto lived with her
son Nicholas at 311 East Gusts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
|C. Of {. Defeats
Trade Alliance

A majority Of United States
Chamber Of Commerce members
have voted in favor Of United
States membership in the Office
Of Trade Cooperation, but the
proposal failed for lack Of a two
thirds vote.
The vote of chambers Of COM
merce and trade associations
which are members of the ma
tional chamber was 1876 to l.
200 for the proposal,
A policy declaration favorable
to the proposed world trade
group was submitted to the
chambers annual meeting in
May. 1t had the backing of the
White House.
Instead of adopting the decla-
ration, the melting directed that
1T be submitted to a referendum.
One of the leaders in this move
was Pierre s. du Pont. III, of the
E. I. du Pont de Nemours g. Co.,
who is a chamber director.
Under national chamber by
laws, one third of the total
voting strength of 1854 votes
must be recorded in a policy ref
Ierendum and Lib were needed
for approval.
1t was reported that one chem
ical company-not du Pont-had
circularized members urging
them not to vote. The chamber
said it could not confirm this.
The OTC is designed to ad-
minister the General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade. 1t is part
of President Eisenhower'S for
eign trade policy, but although
it is pending in Congress neither
branch has acted on it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
Aims Box Looted
by ingenious Method

A corset stay, chewing gun
and eyebrow tweezers today
were displayed in Municipa
Court as implements used in the
looting of an aims box at Wash
ington Cathedral.
Prosecutor Forbes Blair charged
Charles T. McWilIiams of the
5000 block of Long Branch park
way. Silver Spring. with using
the implements to extract $2.26
from the box. According to Mr..
Blair, the suspect pasted the
gum to the end of the stay and
Slipped the stay through the box
slot and fished out the funds,
aided by the tweezers.
The case was continued by
Municipal Judge John J. Malloy
until Thursday. Bond was set
at $1,000. Mr.. Blair said church
vergers spotted McWilliams.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23

avenue. Alexandria. until her re-
cent illness. Since then she hac
lived with her daughter, Mrs
Carmine F. Capuano, q West
Glendale avenue, Alexandria.
Besides Judge Colasanto, ITO;
Russell road, Alexandria; Mich.
olas and Mrs. Capuano, she i:
survived by another son. Michae
F.. 404 East Gusts avenue, Alex.
andria, a deputy United States
marshal in Washington; two
brothers. Anthony and Louis
Jamele, both of Waterbury, anc
six grandchildren. Another
daughter, Miss Leonora F. Col
santo, died in 1899.
Requiem mass will be offered
at $3.50 am. Tuesday at St. Mary.
Catholic Church, 300 block Of
South Royal street, Alexandria
Burial will be IN st. Mary's
Cemetery there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-23
|Woter-Short Town
Ruled Disaster Area
BY the Associated Press

President Eisenhower today
designated Bethany, Mo-, con-
fronted with an acute water
shortage, as a major disaster
area eligible for Federal assist
ance.
The Presidents action was in
response to a request by Gov.
Phil Donnelly.
Mr.. Eisenhower's action pro-
vides for no immediate alloca-
ton Of Federal funds, but d.
reefs the Civil Defense Admins
tration to get in touch with Mis-
souri, officials to plan an aid pro-
gram,