davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
Too Much or Not Enough Security

Gently warned Of this threaten
ing field in the security de-
lenses Of the Nation when he
recalled the cases of the State
Department career men who
aided so greatly in the be-
trayal of Free China to the
Communists. They were prob
ably not. for the most part,
Communist Party members,
but in their sympathies and
in their PHILOSOPHERS they were
in fact under Communist Party
discipline. They were able to
make their distorted Red point
of view a part Of national
policy. because in their advice
to their superiors they could
recommend, covertly or OPEN
ly, pro-Red actions despite the
known contrary view Of a
majority of Americans and
certainly of Congress.
There Is little that can be
done today to GUST such men
from positions of responsibility.
If they are suspended or fired.
they can have long-drawn-out
hearings and eventually go to
the courts. standing an excel
lent chance to be restored to
their jobs on some legal techni-
cality or strained liberal" in
depreciation Of the Constitu-
ton.
Meanwhile, they can hand
over policy papers to Moscow's
agents and do the party's dirty
work while the United States,
hamstrung by maudlin senti-
ment of some and sinister de-
sign of others, tries feebly to
drive the rats out Of its own
house.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
Plastic Greenhouses
Being Built for $500

ATLANTA.-Simple but cheap
and efficient greenhouses are
being built out of plastic. BY
using polyethylene, a translu-
cent, mountaineering film that is
a popular packaging material for
fruits and vegetables, a do-it-
yourself gardener can put up a
dollhouse at a low cost.
A structure Is by "a feet using
a double layer of polyethylene
costs about $200-$50 for the
plastic and $50 for framework,
doors and laths. Materials for
a conventional glass greenhouse
the same size would cost about
$4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

lines in favor of buses. Total
cost for this has been estimated
between So million and SlI mil
lion.
The third provision objected
to by the Commissioners would
liberalize depreciation provisions.
In short. Mr.. Mclaughlin said,
I'VE find that it goes consider
ably outside any proposals we
have thus far considered appro-
PIRATE for the operation Of this
company here in several re-
Ispects."
He said the Commissioners
weekend report would 60 Mon
day to House and Senate con-
ferees, but that the National City
Lines officials were not expected
to meet with the Commissioners
again before Tuesday.
Mr.. Chalk said j. A. B. Broad
water, etc president. had turned
down an offer to buy all the
CTC stock for Sill million cash,
the current market value.
And, said Mr.. Fox and Mr..
Colladay, they have from the
transit workers union a state
ment that I'VE agree to arbitrate
to settle all disputes" although
not in the ordinary form pre-
ferred by the union. National
City Lines has a policy of re-
fusing to arbitrate, and Walter
J. Bierwagen, president of the
local union. has predicted a
tough fight" over renegotiation
of tNe present etc labor con-
tract. which expires August IA
along with CTC's charter and
franchise.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

ant defense 70 civil liberties. "
Do we have too much secu-
rity? There is ample evidence
that, on the contrary, we have
too little. Congressional COM
mittees concerned with the
problem every day are Solidly
in favor Of more. not less, Sc
curity. j. Edgar Hoover, head
of the FBI, doesn't think we
have too much security; he
knows the loopholes in the
laws and procedures through
which shrewd subversives are
able to escape exposure.
The Pentagon and the State
Department do not feel that
they have too much security
they want q much stronger and
more comprehensive system
that viii enable them to spot
and remove speedily the bor-
der-line cases, the dubious
waverers, the silent Red SYM
pathizers who could, in a cri-
sis, do grave damage to the
United States.
Security forces know there
are thousands Of cases of
security risks" who are not
actual members Of subversive
organizations. A citizen may
be completely disloyal with
out actually being a work
ing. card-carrying member of a
Red group itself. Representa-
tive Walter Judd of Minnesota.
an expert on China and a
member Of the House Com
mittee on Foreign Affairs, re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
u. S. Will Hand Chaplin
ST. Million Bill forToxes

Tax Court claiming his residence
in this country ended when he
left in 1852. A deposition for use
in the tax court proceedings will
be taken from MIR. Chaplin by
the Internal Revenue Service
representative who calls on him.
the Los Angeles official said.
He said the case may be tried
partly in Europe and partly in
the United States but did not
elaborate on the Governments
possible action.
Mr.. Chaplin, who is repeatedly
making a motion picture in Eu-
rope. was notified by the At
torney General, after his de-
parture from the United States.
that he would not be permitted
to return without a hearing
charges of moral turpitude and
Communist Sympathies.
Mr.. Chaplin's wife, Oona,
daughter of the late Playwright
Eugene O'Neill, gave up her
American citizenship in 1854 and
became a British subject. The
Chaplins are living in Lausanne
with their five children.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
.Freer Red Orbit
Is Urged by Tito

SOCHI. USSR, June Is Dr.
Yugoslavia's President Tito has
told Soviet leaders East Europe's
Communist nations should de-
velop an independence similar
to that in his country.
A top Tito aide disclosed that
in talks with Premier Bulganin
and Communist Party Boss Nikita
Khrushchev, the Yugoslav Presi-
dent has made clear Yugoslavia
intends to keep her independ-
ence and has recommended a
similar status for other Com
munist nations in East Europe.
The aide said Marshal Tito
believed the Kremlin leaders
shared his view that countries
long viewed by the West as
satellites should have much more
freedom.
The informant said that at no
time during their tour of the
Soviet Union have the Kremlin
chiefs tried to influence Mar
shall Tito's course or drive a
wedge between him. and the
West.
InformantS in Washington said
the United States has asked
Yugoslovia to clarity where she
stands as between Russia and the
West. The request repeatedly was
made in light of statements Mar
shall Tito has made during his
current Russian tour. Deputy
Undersecrtary of State Robert
Murphy summoned Yugoslav
Ambassador Leo Mates to the
State Department for a 4O-min-
ute talk yesterday. Neither the
State Department nor Mr.. Mates
would disclose the subject of the
meeting, but a reliable source
said Mr.. Murphy had expressed
concern over the implications of
comments made by Marshal
Tito in Russia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
French Beet Off
Algerian Attacks

ALGIERS, Algeria. June is (E)
French forces at the old City
of Tlemcen stood off a rebel
thrust against posts guarding its
outskirts early today. but they
feared another attack was in the
making.
Tlemcen, city of 10000, lies
close to Algeria's western from
tier with Morocco. About 1000
rebels have been operating in
the mountains north and south
of Tlemcen and have boosted
they will take the. city.
A rebel force swept toward the
city in bright moonlight last
night, but was turned back by
heavy machine-gun fire from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

LOS ANGELES, June Is (R.--
Screen comic Charlie Chaplin,
who left the United States four
years ago for a villa in Switzer-
land. is going to be handed a
$1.1 million income tax bill by
Uncle Sam.
A spokesman for the Inter-
nal Revenue Service here said
yesterday that a member of the
local staff will go to Lausanne.
Switzerland, to present the
Governments claim, based on
an alleged tax deficiency in 1858.
Although Mr.. Chaplin was
out of the country that year he
disposed of studio properties ard
other assets here in transactions
the Government claims melted
him some $2.7 million. The tax
claim is based on the conten-
ton he was still a resident alien
at the time.
Mr.. Chaplin, a British subject
although he spent AZ years in
the United States, has filed a pc
tition with the United States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
Depletion Allowances and Write-Offs
Seen Adding to Toxp0yers' Load

strikes. but there is something
of that spirit in the current
resistance to big new appro-
priationS for foreign economic
and military aid. That weari-'
ness of frustrated taxpayers
is reflected in Congress in the
difficulty the administration is
having in getting what it
asked for foreign aid.
Congress could easily enough
enact a tax reduction, if it
would. without affecting our
revenues or unbalancing the
budget. 1t could find means
for substantial relief for the
hard-pressed persons of low
and medium income, who
haven't had any in a long time,
merely by cutting down on
some of the tax privileges and
closing loopholes in the law.
Why won't it do this?
The answer is simple. The
interests that benefit are too
powerful-much more powerful
than you millions of citizens
and voters. They have Con-
gress cowed.
Take the oil depletion allow
ance which, as you know, is a
fiat 27l2 per cent deduction
taken by oil companies before
they even start to figure their
taxes. That handout is in adj
dition to all sorts of other priv
ileges. including writing of
costs of equipment. research.
exploration and development.
The subsidy, for that is what
it is, is recognized as uncon-
scionable. Every Secretary Of
Treasury for 20 years, I'M
til present Secretary George M.
Humphrey. recommended a re-
duction of the depletion allow
ance to is percent. A little BIZ
partisan group in the Senate
has tried in vain in recent
years to scale the allowance
down to Is per cent.
Oil is too well entrenched in
Congress, in both parties. and
in both branches, and in high
places. It's interests are per-
haps better safeguarded now
than ever, with two Texas
Democrats Representative
Sam Rayburn and Senator
Lyndon JohnSon-ruling the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
WoIfson GroupMoyMoke
1870 Pct. Profit on Stock

that because members of his
group are in the high tax brack-
cts, the Federal Government
took a big bite out Of these ex-
traordinary profits. and that
small stockholders Of the COM
pany were the chief benefici-
aries. No figures have been pre-
sented showing how severely the
Government reduced the Wolf
son take.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

Another income tax INSTALL
ment day reminds us that the
ordinary guy who fights the
wars and pays for them would
just love to have himself a
nice depletion allowance" so
he could get a whopping ex-
emption like oil men. for in
stance. who get off very light
by comparison.
Or maybe enjoy another one
of those tax gadgets by which.
the rich and powerful escape
their just share of taxation.
For example, the so-called tax
amortization certificate where
by, if you want to build a new
plant, you just write off the
cost in five years instead Of
over the estimated useful life.
In that way you get what
amounts to an intereSt-free
loan from the Government in
taxes you don't have to pay
over the rest of the estimated
life of the plant.
These are just a couple of
the many tax devices which. in
the last few years, have not
only been continued, but ex-
They result in handsome saw
ings for big corporations,
banded and improved upon.
wealthy individuals, stock mar
ket operators. and such, while
persons in the low and mid
die income brackets have had
no reduction in their taxes,
Somebody's got to pay the
bills-and what the big fellow
avoids the little fellow has to
make up by Smelling out.
When this session of Con-
gress began there was some
vague talk about the posi-
bility of finally doing son1e-
thing, after many years, for
the forgotten men and women
of low and middle incomes.
But, now that Congress is
vending toward its end, you
are told there is no chance
Of tax reduction.
Our people are the stable
sort who don't go on tax
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
FITZGERALD
Continued From First Page

Continued From First Page
concerns in SO municipalities in
IA States and has partial owner
ship of five big companies. The
five are in Baltimore, Philadel-
phia. st. Louis. Los Angeles and
Oakland, Calf.
In discussing the Washington
deal, he stressed that it will go
through "if we get a franchise"
and he stressed that the fran
chise would have to be one which
would give his company an OPP
portunity to earn a return on its
investment. Until then" he
said, there's no deal. If the
franchise terms are too tough you
can't earn money"
Sketches Terms
He sketched, but not speci-
fically. the terms of the franchise
he expected. 1t would include a
waiver Of some Of the taxes the
present company pays, and lee
way in the conversion from street
cars to buses without being
crucifled in the repaving."
The prospects of eliminating
street cars impressed him. He
said he had read the Gilman en-
cheering firms report made sew
eral months ago outlining pro-
cedure for gradual elimination of
the trolleys. A few days ago he
was in Washington and he said
he viewed Pennsylvania avenue
with the street car tracks along
the center.
IF those cars could come out
and those islands loading plat
forms) be eliminated. / would be
inclined to ask the Commission
ers to give us a bus lane" he
said.
Cites Reserved Lanes
It would be best for every
body, he said, if buses could he
substituted for the streetcars in
q reasonable length Of time anc
thka be permitted to operate in
reserved lanes. He added that
Nashville recently made pro-
vision for reserved bus lanes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

groups offer Is for $13,440, 100
for the company-the same as
National City Lines - and in
cludeS an invitation to buy not
only all stock of Louis E. Wolf
son and associates, who control
the firm, but of any other stock
holder who desires to sell at SI4
a share. Half the purchase price
would be in cash, the balance in
15-year debentures.
Mr.. Pittman said his group de-
sires to take over actual control
and operation of the company.
Group "Still in Running"
He said he considers the sale
Of Capital Transit to the Ma
tional City Lines does not mean
his group is out of the running.
Our group is still in the pic
ture and we do not count our
selves out" declared Mr.. Pitt
man. I'VE are holding our COM
mitmentS until everything is
signed and Congress puts its APP
proval on the sale. We will be
together until the middle of the
week and possibly longer"
With Mr.. Mcdonald and Mr..
Pittman. other announced mem
bers of their group are: Floyd D.
Akers. president of Capitol Cadil-
lac Co. and a former Capital
Transit director; Randolp h
Rouse, contractor: Herbert
Blunck, manager of the Hotel
Statler here; Wendell Lund, an
attorney; Meyer Siegel. apart
ment house owner, and Col. Rob-
ert c. Jones, investment banker.
Mr., Mcdonald said he preferred
not to identify at this time three
other members of the group.
Calls BrOadwater Fair
"We're unhappy that Capital
Transit consummated the deal
with National City Lines before
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
National Lines
Fined in 1Q4o
I rust Case

National City Lines. Inc.
prospective owner of Capital
Transit. was involved in anti
trust litigation with the Govern
ment for several years and was
one Of a group of defendants
lined $36,007 in a criminal ac-
ton under the Sherman Act in
United States District Court
Northern District of Illinois. in
March. 1949.
A civil action in the same
jurisdiction was settled under a
consent decree in December
1854. under which National CITY
was directed to abandon the
monopolistic practice charged by
the Government.
In both criminal and civil ac-
tons, the co-defendants with
National City were General Mo-
tors Corp, Phillips Petroleum
Standard Oil of California, Fire
stone Tire g. Rubber, Mack
manufacturing Co., Federal En-
glneering Corp. and two National
City subsidiaries, American and
Pacific City Lines. Inc.
Fitzgerald Named
Seven officers of the several
companies also were named in
the criminal action, including
according to Justice Department
records, E. Roy Fitzgerald. Ma
tional City head.
In substance, the Government
charged that the co-defendants
supplied capital with which Ma
tional City expanded its hold
ings in local transportation sys-
TENS, and in return, furnished
their products-motor vehicles.
tires. tubes and. petroleum prod
ucts to the local systems.
The criminal indictment was
returned in April, l947, at about
the time civil proceedings were
instituted to break up these
inter-corporate transactions.
Appeals Failed
The criminal case was tried BY
jury. and after conviction, the
defendants appealed to the
Seventh Circuit Court of Ap-
pealS which upheld the lower
court. The Supreme Court re-
fused then to review the litiea-
ton, which left the verdict
standing.
After the consent decree which
applied to National and Pacific
judgments were litigated against
other defendants.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
Most Trailer DweIIers
In Mobile Occupations

CHICAGO.-Of the three larg-
est groups Of trailer dwellers in
1855, about SO per cent consisted
of persons in mobile or semimo-
hne occupations, such as con-
s tuction work.
Twenty per cent were military
personnel and 10 per cent were
retired persons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16

sandbagged French positions.
More attacks followed and re-
ports said the fighting continued
for several hours.
Dispatches gave no estimate
of casualties.
Algerian MoSlems regard
Tlemcen as a holy city. The
rebels have been circulating
vague threats for some time that
they intended to make the city
the capital of a new republic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
BY DONALD B. HADLEY

An agreement to sell Capital
Transit Co. to National City
Lines if Congress approves
caught the financial district by
surprise yesterday and the stock
moved up to 1919 from Thurs
days close at IL.
The deal calling for a price
equivalent to $14 a share was
expected to win approval of Cap
Iital Transit stockholders with
little opposition.
If Louis E. Wolfson and his
associates are able to collect the
I$14 share in cash and bonds,
they will have a long-term profit
Iof 1870 per cent on the old stock
for which they paid $40 a share
lin 1949 and later split four for
Ione, not counting fabulous divi-
ldendS.
The original purchase of Mr..
WolfSon from North American
Co. totaled 100, 458 old shares at
a cost of $2,189.160 OF $40 a
share. At S14 a share the split
shares would be worth $6,129, SAB
"a long term profit of $780,
488.
Looking through a maze of
trusts, affiliated companies and
other holdings that may or may
mot show a connection with Mr..
WolfSon or his associates, it is
impossible to say exactly how
much of the Capital Transit
stock remains in the groups
hands. But it is apparent that
the group still holds enough of
the total $780, 900 common shares
outstanding to exercise practical
control.
Transferred Glen Echo
The group collected a hand
some equity in an unknown
number of properties in Florida
and elsewhere by creating a new
company. Continental Enter
prises. and transferring Glen
Echo Amusement Park and sew
eral valuable pieces of real estate
classified as incorporating"
property to it.
The former transit property
at the time was estimated to be
worth around SIS million but
what it was sold for never was
disclosed. Continental repeatedly
used the cash to buy theaters
and other properties in Florida.
While there has been no public
announcement. Continental now
is reported interested in oil
property along the gulf coast.
Whether the Florida prop
critics were acquired from an
other Wolfson company and at
what value they were placed on
Continental books has never been
disclosed. Continental stock, in
which some Washington invest
ors have had high hopes, has
remained at little more than 81
a share.
After the Wolfson group took
over Capital Transit liberalized
its dividend policy drastically
even in the face of declining net
income.
Mr.. Wolfson often has pointed
to the fact that smaller stock
holders, who had small dividends
in previous years, benefited as
much as his group from the in
creased distribution.
S36.7O Per Old Share
Since the group purchased the
original transit shares at $40 a
share, dividends have amounted
to $36.70 for each old share. The
big one which raised the most
controversy was a special bonus
of $3.50 for each new share. the
equivalent of $40 for each old
share. This was made in jan
uary, 1852, and pulled down cash
reserves of the company which
had been earmarked for a large
bus garage and other transit inn
Iprovements.
Mr.. Wolfson has often stressed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
Pine Oil Produced

BIRMINGHAM. - Dead pine
tree stumps yield to chemists a
substance known as pine oil. 1t is
not obtainable from live pine
trees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
U. S. Eats Less Fish

BOSTON. - Per capita con-
sumption of fish in the United
States amounts to about Is
pounds, figure which is con-
siderably less than in most Euro
Ipean countries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
McD onoId Group Offers
To Match Transit Bid

group OF 10 Washingtonan headed by Harry Mcdonald
former head OF the Securities Exchange Commission and the
Reconstruction Finance Corp has offered to Capital
Co. They said they do not consider the City Lines deal
hna because Congress will have the final the matter
Ralph D. Pittman attorney, explained the Mcdonald
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-16
EGRECATED
IN THE NORTH

You've read about segregation in the
South. Now LOOK Magazine brings
you the full story Of segregation
in the NORTH. See, through LOOKS
brilliant photographs, how a typiAal
Negro family in the North faces
racial prejudice in every day living.
Milford chronicle., 1956-04-20

pattern. Driver ages in the Christ
mas study ranged from IS to 81.
Six were under 16, and six over rs.
5. Males were driving il1 "a per
cent OF the fatal accidents, only
slightly higher than the annual
average of 80 per cent
6. Victims were about the same
ages as usual, too, with one-third
aged 25-44 and one-fourth aged
1924. Almost four out of five VIC
Tins were males, and these were
mostly drivers.
= The most common driver ac-
lion contribn ing to fasal accidents
was driving on the wrong side of
road or in center of road. Failure
20 observe a signal or stop sign
was second. In only four of the
fatal accidents was mechanical
failure or sire blowout mentioned.
s. Pedestrian victims were prin-
cipally older people out of 10
were rs years of age or older. In
one-third of the cases, the pedes-
trian contributed to the accident
by crossing between intersections,
stepping from behind a parked car,
or walking on a roadway. In two
cases, pedestrians were changing
tires. and in one he was filling a
gas tank when struck.
Milford chronicle., 1956-04-20

or no ironing; crease resist
ance"; maximum shrinkage ~
or 20: permanent finish and
many other properties that are
new to cotton.
These new, resin-type finishes
are boon to the homemaker, be-
cause they eliminate hours of extra
work, but there are a few precau-
tions you need to heed, too. Fol-
low the directions, and never use
a chlorine bleach on these perma
nent-finish cottors-it will turn
them Yellow A hot iron will tend
TO do the same, so set your iron
at the synthetic" setting
If you plan to sew with one of
these new c0ttOns. you will be
wise to choose a pattern that is
sleeveless or has kimono or raglan
sleeves. These cottons, just don't
like to make pice-looking set-in
sleevesi
Spring Dresses School
Nine groups of homemakers are
taking the Spring Dresses" pro-