davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
Culiforniuns Want MuItipIe-Use
Dams To Stop Flood Ruvage

SACRAMENTO, Calif.-(NRECA)
eve don't give damn who builds the
dams-let's get them built - the
people of northern California are con
tinuing to demand following the
recent Christmas-tim flood which
resulted in loss of lives and $3.50
million property damage.
The State of California has had
plans for multi-purpose dams and
other water shed projects, which could
have saved much of the estimated So
million acre feet of precious but
wasted flood water, but petty politics
and petty economics has prevented
their construction, said the Visalia
TIMES-DELTA.
Theodore Neuman, state director
of water resources, estimated that the
water wasted in the flood would have
sold for three dollars an acre foot for
irrigation, $25 an acre foot for city
use-an average $40 an acre foot.
Multiplied by "a million acre feet,
this amounts to an additional loss of
$840 million.
Not all the cities in northern Cali
fornia were damaged by the floods.
Sacramento, Reading, and Red Bluff
all escaped from the flood damages.
However, engineers attribute this to
Shasta Dam on the Sacramento River
north of Reading, and the new Fol
som Dam on the American River east
of Sacramento. These two dams con-
trolled the raging waters.
Harvey 0. Banks, acting state engi-
neer, said that if the dams that are
planned, but unconstructed, in Cali
fornla had been constructed, "the
(flood) damage would have been
negligible" thus saving lives and mil
lions of dollars.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03

The Feather River Dam above Oro-
vile would have prevented the $50
million damage to Yuba City. Ter
minus Dam on the Keweah River and
Success Dam on the Tule would have
spared Visalia. Dams on the Eel, Kla-
math and other north coast streams
would have left Humboldt and Del
Norte, county communities undam-
aged, according to state officials.
The Hoover Commission recon-
mendations on water resources and
power, according to authorities on
federal power development who
journeyed to Los Angeles to testify
before the House Government OPP
erations subcommittee on Water
Resources and Power, would furth-
err hamstring construction of multi
purpose projects in California and
elsewhere. The Hoover group wants
to turn multi-purpose sites over to
power monopolies, who have no in
terest in flood control, reclamation,
etc., only hydro power. The projects
would also cost much more, accord
ing to their testimony.
Pennsylvania and New England
states suffered similar tragic losses
of lives and dollars last year. They
have interstate compacts under
which have been proposed several
single purpose projects for flood con-
+ro1 and nothing else This follows
The dictums of power monopoly in
5erests, who fear competition more
han the murderous flood which kills
and destroys, according to rural cleo
,ric leaders, who testified in opposi-
ion to the Hoover groups recon-
nendations for water resources and
power development.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
MARCH 1ST is STORE LICENSE
APPLICATION DEADLINE

The deadline for filing applications
for 1856 Store Licenses is March LIST,
the State Board of Equalization an
nounced Wednesday. During the 1855
legislative session the Store License
Law was amended in part to read as
follows: "No license shall lapse prior
to the first day of March next year
following the year for which the Ii
cense was issued, and if, by such
first day of March, an application
for renewal license has not been
made, the fee charged shall be double
the rate prescribd in Sections "a
2405, 84-2406 and 84-2407."
The law provides that all licenses
shall expire upon the thirty-first day
of December of each calendar year,
and that on or before January first
of each year application for renewal
of such licenses shall be made. The
amendment does not in any way alter
the date upon which an application
for renewal must be made, namely,
on or before January first of each
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03

year. The period between January
first and March first actually gives
the applicant sixty days of grace dur
ing which the double fee will not be
charged.
The wording of this amendment is
plain and cannot be misconstrued.
1t simply means that if an application
for renewal of a store license is not
made before the first day of March,
the fee charged shall be double the
original rate. As each application re-
quires filing fee of fifty cents, the
double rate would call for a fee of
$1,000 for one retail store. A whole
sale store license would require
fee of $3.50. All of the other gradu-
ated fees would likewise be doubled.
1t should be remembered that this
requirement is provided for in the
law. 1t is not board regulation, but
it is mandatory that the board collect
the fee as provided in the law.
Applications for renewal of IL
censes were mailed to all business
during the month of
December If your application has
been mislaid, you should Immediately
write to the Board of Equalization
in Helena for another form so that
your application for renewal can be
filed on or before March first, thus
avoiding payment of the double fee.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(LDNS)-
The long campaign of the nations
unionized poultry workers for legis-
lation to protect the housewife from
diseased fowl has taken a long step
forward as a result of introduction
by Rep. Percy Priest (D-Tenn.) of
HR 1899, providing for compulsory
federal inspection of poultry.
The Amalgamated Meatcutters and
Butcher Workmen has been conduct
ing two-year fight to get such legis-
lation passed. The union claims that
dangerously diseased poultry is cross
ing the counters of unscrupulous
dealers. Diseased poultry can trans
nit diseases to humans. Experts esti-
mate that large proportion Of food
poisoning cases can be attributed to
unwholesome fowl, some of which is
sold to the public already processed
and wrapped in sanitary-looking pack
ages.
AMENDS FOOD DRUGSACT
The Priest measure isNan amend
ment to the federal Food, Drug and
Cosmetic Act. 1t prohibits the move
ment in interstate or foreign com
merce of unhealthy or adulterated
poultry. 1t sets stiff penalties for vio-
lation of standards and practices to
be set by the Food and Drug Adj
ministration, if and when the bill
goes through.
A companion measure is to be in
troduced to the Senate according to
officials of the 3,000-member union.
The legislation will face opposition,
but union spokesman say the outlook
is Optimistic"
The bill is the first crack in the
legislative ice. 1t follows a break
through last December when the
Institute of American Poultry In
dustry, representing management
in the field, reversed itself and
came out in favor of federal regu-
lation.
Labor observers say the reversal
came because industry leaders were
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
By DAVID w. ANGEVINE
For Coop News Service

CHICAGO-Since President Eisen-
hower's election in November, 1862,
farm prices have dropped 228o while
retail food prices declined only $50.
That much is clearly understood.
Why this price spread between farm
er and consumer continues to widen
is not so well understood. EXplana-
tions-especially in an election year
are loaded with political dynamite.
The well-heated argument broke out
again in Washington as the new year
dawned.
Three explanations for the price
spread have been advanced.
1. Agriculture Secretary Ezra Ben
son points his accusing finger at
higher wages for workers in the food
processing industry.
2. USDA also points to the home
increasing demand for pack
aged, prepared, frozen, concentrated,
vitamin-enriched foods.
3. Others point to swollen profits
of a few major food professors.
Benson admitted January 2 that
profits of food professors and ham
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
WHO'S TO BLAME FOR FOOD Price SPREAD
WORKER, khIDDLEMAN, OR CONSUMER?

dlers have grown substantially
since 1915, but he said these resulted
primarily from increased sales.
He seemed to have his dates
wrong. 1916 was a war year.
People are clamoring for an
answer to what happened in 1853,
1854, and 1955-not in the 10 years
since 1915.
Federal Trade Commission re-
ports that the food industry as
a whole boosted its after-tax prof
its go in 1858 over the previous
year, another % in 1854, and a
whopping 1870 in the first half of
1855. But the industry's output
had gone up only go in these
three years, the Federal Reserve
Board said.
Within the industry, the few big
meat packers and dairy professors
were pushing their profits sky-high.
In 1853, Swift & Company profits
went up 629S, Armour's 57%6, Hor-
mel's 800, and Cudahy's from a 81
million loss to a 81 million profit.
In 1858, Borden's after-tax profits
were up 1870 and National Dairy
Products (Kraft) up 11%o from the
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
Indian Policy Statement By
Mansfield Draws Commentator

reported favorably by the House
Committee on Interior and InsulaI
Affairs. A companion bill, co-spon-
sored by the senior senator from
Montana and myself, was passed by
the Senate. How much longer will
these people have to depend on spor-
adic assistance from various sources?
81 have written the Department of
the Interior, urging that they re-
consider their position in this instance
and withdraw the unfavorable report
so that some assistance may be made
available to these Indians early this
year."
Following the speech Mansfield
had inserted in the CONGRESSION-
AL RECORD correspondence between
himself and the Department of In
terror, Bureau of Indian Affairs.
The following excerpt from that cor
respondence shows the obligation the
United States Government can as
sumo in the Indian matter:
Mansfield's question was: What
constitutes an Indian as ward of
the Federal Government?
Answer: ". Although Congress
has broad constitutional power to
legislate with respect to Indians
"a power often called plenary-
Congress has not seen fit to ex-
ercise its power by making all In
dams eligible for some form of
special Federal services. Histori-
cally, the United States dealt with
certain Indian tribes by treaty or
agreement. AS reservations were
established for Indian tribes or
groups the Federal Indian program
was applied to the Indians on those
reservations, regardless of whether
they were members of tribe with
which the United States had signed
a treaty or agreement. In the ear
lier reservation period the Indians
were more or less confined to the
reservations and were discouraged
from moving around. In more re-
cent times, however, all Indians
are as free as other citizens to live
anywhere they wish to live, but the
Federal program of special assist
ance for Indians has continued to
be primarily one of various kinds
of assistance for Indians who live
on the reservations, and whose
property is held intrust regardless
of where they live" J
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
FuII-Way Seaway Gets
Senator's Backing

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(CNS)-
Senators Hubert H. Humphrey ID
MIMI and Alexander Wiley (R-
Wis., called for the other half of
the st. Lawrence seaway, January
27. The project, estimated to cost
S109, 100000, would extend the sea-
way from the western end of Lake
Erie all the way to Superior, Wis,
and Chicago.
The seaway project now underway
will open up Lakes Ontario and Erie
as far as Toledo. Proposals advanced
by Wiley and Humphrey would dredge
27-foot channel, opening Lakes
Huron, Michigan, and Superior to
ocean-going ships. "The northern
seaboard' Of the y. S. will be the
busiest, perhaps the richest Ameri-
can coast" Humphrey said.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03

previous year. The next year, Bea-
trice Foods boosted after-tax profits
47%o on a 1870 sales increase. For
the first half of 1854, Pet Milk also
! pushed profits up 47%0.
Senator Hubert H. Humphrey ID
Mimi said Benson was trying to
make labor the "scapegoat" for big
ger middlemens profits. Benson had
pointed out that wages of food pro-
cessing workers are up 1000 since
1916.
Humphrey did not deny this, but
taking meat as an example, he said
that 'per-pound labor costs for pack
ing meat have decreased, rather than
increased, due to increased productiv-
ity of workers, leaving greater profits
margin for packers"
Senator Milton R. Young (R-N.D)
agreed with Humphrey. He doubted,
he said, that labor costs have been
as much of factor in the farm price
situation as Benson's survey indi-
Gated.
Legislators might place greater
faith in Benson's survey if the sec
rotary had not twice vigorously
opposed giving ETC ST million to
study the farm-city price spread
and if he had not reluctantly COM
piled with a White House order,
December 10, to make his own
study.
Meanwhile, what about the argu-
ment that Mrs. Homemaker demands
pre-packed, and perhaps
even pre-digested food in her shop
ping cart and that this increases the
price spread? Part of the argument
has merit. Part does not, for some
saves money.
Take oranges. Some of them go
from orchard to food store in the
skins that nature gave them. The
consumer pays soc a dozen. Other
oranges go into frozen orange juice
which the consumer buys
at 15c 1902. can. The can contains
the juice of 10 or II oranges.
The grower gets the same price,
the oranges go in skins or
,ans. Here processing seems to mar
row the price spread between farm
and consumer
There's also lettuce. A lot of it
lsed to spoil on produce racks, so
'etail margins had to be high. Now
he retailer puts lettuce in plastic
,ags, and the reduced spoilage more
han pays for the bags.
And cake mixes Ingredients for a
ypical devils food cake costs Soc.
But a package mix, plus two eggs,
osts 45c. You may not like your
axe mixed in Minneapolis, but it
GEMS to narrow the farm-city price
pread-not widen it.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
By GRETCHEN G. BILLINGS

What has been termed the great
est policy statement for Indians sine
Indian Reorganization" was mad
January II, 1866 on the floor of tn
United States Senate by Senator Mix
Mansfield from Montana.
FEDERAL POLICY ON INDIAN
WELFARE
Mr.. Mansfield. Mr.. President, the
Department of the Interior and tht
Bureau of Indian Affairs have fol
the past several years advocated &
policy of gradual termination of Fed
eral control over the American In
dian; in brief, writing off its obliga-
tions and responsibilities to these
people. The basic idea of assimilating
the Indian into our society as an
equal is proper, but it must be done
with restraint and careful execution.
Under the present program l feel
that this is not being done. We must
remember that the Indian is the
historical responsibility of the Fed
eral Government and this cannot be
discarded lightly.
Too many sharp divisions and un-
compromising policies exist under the
present program. There are number
of Indian tribes which have been re-
lieved of all Federal control, and
rightly so. But there are many others
which are not ready and will not be
for some time to come. They are still
in need of much welfare assistance,
medical care and, above all, educa-
ton to prepare them to compete with
the remainder of the population Hasty
action in these matters only adds to
the over-burdening of State and local
governments and discredits the Fed
eral Government.
The most discouraging aspect of
the present situation is the apparent
eagerness on the part of Interior De-
partment officials to promote relo-
cation and movement off the reserva-
ton, knowing full we'll that accord
ing to present policy the Indians will
no longer be wards of the Federal
and thus will be inelig-
ible for Federal aid. Conditions
among these Indians are often de-
plorable. State and local welfare
agencies are unable to provide all
the necessary assistance. An Indian
on reservation has an opportunity
TO fight for his rights, but when he
caves, he has lost all. We must re-
member, an American Indian is an
indian and an American on or off
he reservation"
He further described conditions on
Hill 81 in Great Falls and the need |
or a relocation officer on every
eservation, not only to help the In
Ian find satisfactory job and living
onditions off the reservation, but |
0 see that he adjusts to life on the
utside.
Then he said: "This is a long range
trogram in need of much planning
nd study. The Bureau of Indian AT
airs has indicated that they are in
he process of dealing with these
roblems on the reservations, but
he off-reservation Indian who is in
eed of assistance is still out on a
NIB.
"All INDECENT Indians should be the
of the Federal Govern
lent, regardless of tribal utilization
r location. During the last session
f Congress the Interior Department
efused to render a favorable report
n HR 1888, introduced by my col
.ague, Representative Lee Metcalf
f Montana, a relief bill for these
ill 81 Indians, after it had been
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
BEFORE AND AFTER

The Priest bill calls for inspection
both before and after slaughter. Tn.
fit birds would be denatured or de,
stroyed under federal supervision
Safe poultry would then be stamped
with an official government seal
similar to that now to be found on
meat.
AS of now there is no mandatory
federal inspection of poultry. Most
inspection is carried out on the state
or municipal level. The Meatcutters
claim the field is wide open for vio-
lation, and that, in fact, unfit poultry
is currently on the market.
The union in it's educational cam
paign, has cited sworn testimony
of poultry workers describing un-
believably filthy and unwholesome
procedures in the industry, includ-
ing the mixing of safe and danger
GUS poultry.
An example of legal loopholes jim
the present set-up exists in Colorado
where state agency sells tags to
professors at one-quarter cent per
birds. The tags are used to indicate
grade. However, the agency sells the
same tags to professors in Arizona,
Texas, Montana and New Mexico,
where the producer decides by him
self how to grade the individual fowl.
The money is used for enforcement
and inspection in Colorado. But there
is no way, and no effort made, to
guarantee proper use of the tags out
side the state.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03

Nearly $4,000 persons were killed
in weekend traffic accidents last year.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1956-02-03
Union Campaign Beginning To Show Progress
DISEASED, FIJI THY, P0ULT TRY May
Be ON Way OUT

afraid that union disclosures of filthy
conditions existing in some processing
plants, would seriously dent consump-
ton. Furthermore, it was felt that
industry, by supporting the principle,
would be able to sidestep the danger
of full scale investigation into con-
ditions. would also be in a better
position to Influence specific provi-
sions when the measure is under con-
sideration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
TALLEST TOTEM
TOWERS OVER
CANADIAN PARK

VICTORIA, British Co.
lumbia.-A tremendous to-
tenn pole, 1877 feet high, now
towers in Beacon Hill Park,
Victoria. overlooking the
Straits of Juan de Fuca. It
is the worlds tallest, 26 feet
higher than the one in the
Ontario Provincial Museum,
Toronto.
The big totem was the
brainchild of the Victoria
Times. which proposed that
the public be invited to buy
shares at so cents apiece.
The shareholders names
were placed in a sunken con-
tainer at the base of the
pole. More than half of the
shares were bought by per-
sons outside of Canada.
Carved by West Coast In
dians. the totem is designed
to last $50 years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
New Stutendum
To Cross Atlantic
EorIy Next Year

NEW YORK. - The newest
passenger vessel of the Holland
Amreica Line. the 23.O0O-gross-
ton Statendam. will make its
maiden voyage from Rotterdam
to New York. via lie Havre and
Southampton. early in 1857. II
has been announced.
Prior to entering regular At.
lantic service, Statendam will
make a few cruises to South
America and the West Indies.
1t also was announced that the
new liner would make an around
the-world cruise starting the first
week in January, 1858. and re.
turning in April.
The liner will be completely
aforementioned and is equipped
with stapihzing fins.
In transatlantic service, the
Statendam will carry eighty-foul
passengers in first class and 871
in tourist class.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23

An autumn spectacular is
swinging into production at this
very moment in New England.
Mother Nature is the producer
and-to name a few of the char
acters-the cast includes the
Sleeping Giant, the Hunter and
his Dog and the Old Man of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
New GripshoIm
Reaches New York
Next Muy q

NEW YORK.-The Swedish
American Line has announced
that the new M. S. Grispsholm
win enter the port of New York
on its maiden voyage next May
%.
The 23,500 ton liner will have
a passenger capacity of $40.
The Gripsholm will remain in
New York six days to facilitate
viewing by the public.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
THE TRAVELLERS NOTEBOOK
New England Enjoys
CoIorfuI OH-Seoson

is again at it's heyday and has
now become one of our country's
leading summer-autumn as well
as winter resorts.
Actually, it was skiing that
started Stowe back on the road
to fame. In 1896. Austrian ski
champion Sepp Ruschp came to
this country to found a ski school
at Stowe. He stayed on not only
to put together the largest and
most complete ski facilities in the
United States, but redeveloped it
as a wonderful summer gather
ing place for spectators and
sportsmen alike.
At this time of year, Snug
glers Notch itself is the out
standing scenic feature at Stowe.
Rated as one of the most beau
Itiful notches in New England,
it is dominated by Mount Mans
field, and made history during
the War of 1912 when it was
used to smuggle contraband
down from Canada.
Scenic Treat
It's still little Travelled road
twists and turns through some
Iof Vermont's loveliest scenery.
Neat signs at the top OF the pass
indicate natural rock formations
in the mountains, including the
Hunter and his Dog, and the
Singing Bird.
A toll road up Mount Mans
field provides ample opportunity
in autumn for look-otfs and a
view of the contour of the sum-
init, which was called the
Sleeping Giant by the Indians.
Biggest and invariably best
surprise at Stowe is the Lodge
at Smugglers' Notch, which is
open until mid October and re-
opens for skiers in mid-Decem-
Der. Although a luxury hotel
throughout. the real surprise
becomes apparent in the dining
room when the buffet cart is
wheeled about, for it alone al
ways carries such delicacieS as
hearts of palm, South Sea
shrimp, Maine lobster, King
Alaskan crab, Russian caviar
and California hearts of arti-
choke, to name but a few of the
international dishes.
Eastward from Stowe, Routes
2 and Is lead into the noun
tainS of New Hampshire and
Maine, bursting into autumn
gold. The seaside resorts of these
States are now CLOSED for the
season. but such famous hos
telries in the mountains as, the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23

RESORTS
HARPERS FERRY, w. VA.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
Pacific TruveI
Center to Open
In San Francisco

/ SAN FRANcIsco.-The Paci.
nc Area Travel Association plans
to open a Pacific Travel Center
next April.
1t will be located at l5s
Kearny street, San Francisco
Just down the street from famed
Telegraph Hill and convenient to
downtown shops and theaters.
For the first time in the United
States. travel agents and pros
pective tourists will find. under
one roof a number Of Pacific
government tourist bureaus
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-23
Atlantic City Event
To Draw Fishermen

ATLANTIC, CITY. - More
than 800 fishermen and women
will compete over a 3-mile-long
stretch of beach in the third
annual Greater Atlantic City
Surf Fishing Tournament, next
Saturday and Sunday.
Some so teams are entered in
the competition to be staged in
the surf along the beachfront
from the Convention Hall to
The Ventnor Pier.