davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Eisenhower's Campaign Opener

tried to answer it only by
saying 1t isn't practicable TO
end the draft now. Steven
son gained on this exchange
because many uniformed
voters will think he is really
for ending the draft while Ike
isn't - and that this is all
there is to it.
The logical way to handle
such a situation is not TO go
on the defensive but to take
the offensive. Ike should have
pointed out how dangerous his
opponents views seemed to be
and how military weakness
could actually invite war. He
should have stressed that end
ing the draft now could mean
that, If war came, many mil
lions of boys would have to be
sacrificed on the battlefield
because they wouldn't be
trained to fight. Death in war
is more to be dreaded than a
peacetime draft.
Likewise. instead of talking
about a "unilateral" ending of
atom-bomb tests, Eisenhower
had a chance to ask the Amer
lean people if they wanted to
stop developing new weapons
all weapons-while letting the
enemy develop them and de-
stroy us. By the time the ar
gument was concluded. the lis
tener should have been proper
ly worried about the great risk
involved in putting into the
White House someone whose
policies would cut down the
manpower of the armed serv-
ices at the same time that he
favored a one-sided abandon
ment of experiments with the
most powerful weapons needed
to match the enemy if war
came.
Eisenhower has some good
speech writer's who can write
for the ear as well as the eye.
And it isn't necessary to call
names or to take "the low
road" when going on the at
tack. But it is necessary to
simplify and to explain clearly
what the score is in words that
a relatively uniformed audi
ence across the country can
understand. The voters aren't
moved by lectures on interna-
tional affairs, with references
to remote areas which they
can't even locate on the map.
They are interested in the di.
rect consequences to them and
their families If there is a
change in the White House.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21

every man. woman and child in
America, is an increase Of IL
per cent since 1858.
I'm the years ahead, with our
population increasing every year,
we face continuing increases in
mail volume that stagger the
Imagination.
"At present, many of the
operations of the postal service,
such as the laborious breakdown
of mail into smaller and smaller
geographic units. are outdated
by decades.
improvements of automation
and technology will be necessary,
Mr.. Summerfield added, for
us to keep pace with the mail
load and maintain the speed and
efficiency Of the postal system.
No postal employee need fear for
his job"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Senator'S Blast at South Korea, Formoso
And South Vietnom Held Faux Pas
BROWN

giving the three staunchest
supporters of American policies
in the Far East: South Wet
nam, the Chinese Republic in
Formosa and the South Korean
Republic.
Unfortunately, he did not
wait to return TO the United
States and make his views
known either in a speech to
his constituents during the
present campaign or by TAX
ing the floor when new ap-
preparations are asked at the
next session of Congress. Ar
irving in his official capacity
as a United States Senator in
Seoul. he put his foot in his
mouth-all the way to the
knee. The South Koreans,
who have suffered more than
two million casualties in the
struggle against communism
and have seen their country
devastated, understood him to
have said that they were
"bloodsuckers."
In this reverse twist on How
to Win Friends and Influence
People," the Senator-who has
spent less time in Seoul than
he has in Moscow-made it
plain he thought the South
Koreans were not doing enough
for themselves and were rely
ing too much on subsidies
from Uncle Sam. So as not
to single out his hosts alone,
he added for good measure
South Vietnam, which is still
waging a back-to-t he-wall
fight against the surrounding
Communists, and Nationalist
China, our first defense out
post in the Pacific.
1t would have mattered little
If Senator Ellender had waited
until he touched American soil
before venting his spleen
against the few remaining
loyal allies we have in the Far
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Stevenson and Decisive Choices

users association has rendered
an ultimatum to Egypt, accom-
panied by preparations to crash
or bypass the canal even be-
fore it has been formed! Ard
the United States has offered
heavy financial aid to meet in
creased costs which can (and
will be- called bribery"
The British press and public
are so sharply divided that it
is impossible to imagine a
united country behind Secre-
tary Dulles plan-and the
British governments inter-
probation of it. It seems to
have closed the door to any
future negotiations with Mas
ser. and is accompanied by
rumors mot dismissed by
American correspondents of
intrigues to unseat him in
Egypt.
The administrators han
ding Of this major world crisis
has been, from the beginning,
something to engage the mind
of every knowledgeable Amer
lean. 1t requires from a man
aspiring to national leadership
a decisive concept of what
should and should not be done.
But it is just such decisive
ness in vital choices that is
missing from Stevenson's
speeches and from this press
conference.
1t is easy to be against rises
in the cost Of living. Everybody
is. But not everybody sees, as
Stevenson certainly does. the
relation between imitation and
foreign policy.
Stevenson, in such vital
matters, apparently does not
want to rock the boat, even If
it is steamed UP and moving
toward perilous shores.
He side-steps the RESPONSE
bility. Is such avoidance
which he severely criticizes in
President Eisenhower-in-
herent In his nature7
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
old Grow Younger

MEXICO CITY. Sept. 81 (P.-
DR.. Martha Fraenkel of New
York told the Pan American
CHRONOLOGY Congress here the
term IS and over no longer ade-
quately describes elderly persons.
Modern advances in medicine
show there is a great difference
between different groups Of per-
sons past IS, she said, and they
should not s.ll be Jumped as
beyond the age Of active life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Both Parties Watch Monthly Report
For Effect on Election Campaign

ton at his otherwise impress
sive press conference this week,
has been alerted to watch for
them. 1t is not perhaps an
accident that the President
timed his campaign opener 48
hours in advance of headlines
which from all indications will
show that a further advance
has taken place.
Economists point out the
figures themselves do not truly
reflect the actual pinch in the
rises in food and clothing costs
major items in the increase.
What makes any increase hurt
is the very great increases that
have taken place in consumer
credit.
1t is a truism of the current
booming economy that a very
great many of the we'll en-
ployed are up to their ears in
time payments. They have
swallowed up the shining prod
uctS OF United States industry
not automobiles alone, but
the labor saving devices with
which the young housewife and
mother copes with the lack,
almost absence, of domestic
service-at a staggering rate.
But they have done it with
down payments on practically
everything. 1t is another new
economic phenomenon that the
time-payment system today
covers not just hard goods. a
state to which the country
has long been accustomed
houses, automobiles. washing
machines, permanent improve
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
BLENDERS Footin-Mouth Act

East, In the past a number
Of Americans in public life
have heaped abuse on these
three republics, particularly
against the Taipei and Seoul
governments. But such COM
ments rarely If ever find their
way to the people Of the re-
publics themselves. The press
just does not print them, and
the public in those countries
never hears about them. Thus
no bitter feelings are created.
But to offer gratuitous insults
to peoples who have not asked
for but have been generously
given American assistance is
beyond the comprehension Of
officials in Washington.
II ever we needed friends
abroad. 1t is now. The new
strategy of Moscow and Pei
ping to destroy American pres
tige and influence abroad is
paying rich dividends. This
is why the administration has
requested and has been
granted further appropriations
for foreign military and eco
nomic assistance. Even some
of the legislators who oppose
indiscriminate "give-aways"
have understood our present
problem.
Whether dollars can pur-
chase the friendship of some
OF our aid recipients. such as
Tito, is a moot question. But
1t is certain that such tested
friends as the peoples of Ko-
rea. Formosa and Vietnam de-
serve our assistance. However.
at no time before his last
visit to Moscow has Senator
Ellender spoken from the floor
OF the Senate against grants
or loans to the three Asian
countries. But regardless Of
how he feels now, the ques-
ton asked in Washington to-
day is: Was it in the good
taste that the Senator from
Louisiana usually displays to
insult a people in their own
home?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Kefauver Ike has been working hard against the
little people YEAH Ike irritaes the Democrats,
by making and of their little people big ones
Republican orators charge about the country while Ike
ventures forth only rarely Reminds Of the old song,
Everybody Works but Father"
Politicians glossary: Sush funds-That part the
campaign contributions devoted to the sinister project Of
electing your opponent.
Adla Stevenson the Republican Party has money to
burn Progressive fellows Democrats your money
until after the election.
All young husband asks from employer is living
wage-and little safety pin money.
Ike tells the Nation how he kept the peace disared
Chief Dulles hobbed Chief Knowland, outlawed Chief
Mccarthy and blamed the Democrats for selling
his Indians.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
DORIS FLEEsoN

According to their separate
hopes. politicians savored the
eloquence of Adlai Stevenson
and the serenely persuasive
arguments of President Eisen-
hover. But what they are
really watching for is a colby
factual document which neither
rain nor snow nor gloom of
night prevents appearing
monthly, no matter what the
exigencies of politics.
1t is the monthly cost of liv-
ing index, and it conceivably
could be a part of the reason
for some of the curious aspects
Of recent elections. For it has
been creeping upward since
the first of the year and in
July rose a substantial seven
tenths Of one per cent.
In January. 1856. 1t stood at
HAS per cent; the July figure
was ITO per cent-a rise of
"a per cent in the seven
months of this election year.
These are not staggering fig
ures. yet in evaluating them it
must be considered that in the
three years between 1852 and
1855, the same index rose only
IL per cent. That is, the ad-
ministration contention that 1t
had halted imitation then
looked good. 1t is the Presi-
dents hard luck that as the
voters near the ballot box, the
index has started a steady and
growing rise.
The new figures will appear
this week end. Stevenson, who
muffed a cost-of living ques-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
DORIS FLEEsoN
Politics and Cost of Living Index

mentS to housing-but such
soft" items as vacations and
dining clubs.
A series of articles in the
Wall Street journal revealed
the further interesting fact
that it was not just the rela-
lively low-salaried worker who
was laden with monthly pay
ments but executives in brack-
cts over $4,000. In some cases
the instances cited were aston
ishing.
This interlarding of the
economy with families in all
walks of life who are sailing
close to the wind, forced to
have fixed amounts of money
ready each first of the month,
means that any increase in
daily expenditures - tranSpor-
tation. food, clothing, not to
mention the unexpected med
ical expenses a matter of
great concern: the pinch is felt
very fast, indeed.
Ironically, the Eisenhower
administrations adoption Of
measures to put money in the
farmers pocket-the soil bank
and the Brannan pool for wool
helps to show up the HCL
rise. Formerly the drop in
farmer income held down the
average, thus concealing the
real rise in that index as it
reflected urban and fixed in
come problems.
Now money is flowing into
farm areas from these pro-
grams. 1t will perhaps warm
the Presidents welcome in
Iowa, but it has a price tag
attached in the form Of the
cost of living index.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21

Genial and economy-minded
Senator Ellender of Louisiana
knows that this country is
spending billions Of dollars in
foreign aid. mutual assistance,
Point -Four and other pro-
grams for one main purpose:
To create good will among our
allies and the neutrals and to
bolster the American Govern
ment's endeavor to prevent
this strife-racked world from
bursting at the seams. In the
event this is not possible, we
want as many countries as
possible to help us form a wall
against Communist penetra-
ton. particularly in the Far
East and Middle East.
As a member Of the Senate
Appropriations Com mittee.
Senator Ellender travelled
abroad last year to see how
effectively the United States
taxpayers money was being
spent. During the trip he
visited the Soviet Union and
was cordially received by the
Kremlin's hierarchy. He liked
the Russian leaders he met
because they spoke about
peace and coexistence.
This year Senator Ellender
Travelled once more to Mos
COW and had a long converse
ton with Comrade Khru-
shchev-who can be affability
itself when he wants to. Khru-
shchev turned his charm full
blast on the Louisianan, who
is said to have become con-
WINGED that the executive
branch of the United States
administration was all wet in
the way it attempts to counter
the Soviet's worldwide moves.
Senator Ellender seemed
particularly irked about the
economic assistance we are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Candidates Avoidance of Statements
On Some Vital Issues Is Questioned

In his press conference with
the Washington correspond
ents on Monday, Gov. Steven
son dexterously avoided saying
anything of substance on the
Suez crisis.
He said that 1.-The admins
tration has shown an alarming
lack of understanding of the
surging forces in Africa and
Asia" made brief critical ref
erence to "Mr. Dulles on
again off-again negotiations
regarding the Aswan DAM"
but concluded: This is an
area Of vital concern to the
United States and our allies,
and I do not think that any
comment or criticism by me at
this crucial moment would
serve a constructive purpose. :"
1t is possible that by now
events beyond recall have been
set in train. But Stevenson
has been heading the OPPOSE
tor. party for a long time. And
If there is any subject on
which an opposition leader
could constructively conduct a
debate it is, and has been. on
tie policies eliminating in the
Sues Canal crisis.
The opposition in Great
Britain has not avoided the
debate. Hugh Gaitskell has
stated exactly how far the
Labor Party goes along with
the Eden policy. and exactly
where they part, while rec
ognizing that there are
moments in international af-
fairs where restraint By the
opposition is fully enjoined.
But restraint must never
be carried so far as to involve
the suppression OF differences
Of vital importance "
In the House Of Commons
September 49, Gaitsken In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
DAVID LAWRENCE

From the standpoint Of po-
litical effectiveness. President
Eisenhower's first address of
the campaign must be given a
low rating"
The address was over the
heads Of the audience. 1t at
tempted to cover too much
ground and didn't explain any
one point adequately. 1t was
written for the eye and not for
the ear. 1t dealt with gener-
alities and did not deal with
the consequences to the voters.
There are so Nmany millions
Of persons who like President
Eisenhower personally and who
have faith in his integrity, his
earnestness and his devotion to
duty that it seems regrettable
that rs minutes of valuable TV
time should have been taken
up with so many abstract SEN
fences. These were difficult for
many listeners to grasp, and
the President failed to ask
pointedly for support of the
Republican ticket at the polls.
Except for a brief reference
at the start to his Republican
associates" there was not a
word in it emphasizing the fact
that the President is running
on the Republican ticket, that
he wants the people to vote for
the Republican Party this No
vember, and that there are
good reasons why the Demo-
cratic Party should not be re-
turned TO power.
Maybe later on it is intended
to do all this, and perhaps
through other speakers. But
anybody who utters a lot of
generalities about his product
to a prospective customer and
leaves without once asking for
the order has a lot to learn
about the psychology Of max
ing a sale.
AS for the vocabulary used,
the speech was unfortunately
directed to a group theoreti-
cally equipped with a better
background on public affairs
than the average listener pos
sesses How many persons in
the audience, for example, I'M
derstood the meaning of the
word "unilateral"? How many
persons knew the background
of the controversy over atomic
tests in which the President
used the term and which he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21

the symbols on the device after
the letters are dropped into a
slot in front Of the operator at
the keyboard, the mail is routed
along a belt system so that it
falls into one of 800 or 400
separations.
Single Operation
AS an example, at the Silver
Spring "Transorma." operators
could sort letters for Richmond,
Cumberland, Dover. Trenton and
other cities. 1t also viii, Se able
to sort mail coming into Silver
Spring according to. local des-
tinationS within the city.
The process reduces to a single
operation the several Sortings
now necessary in handling let
tiers.
Silver Spring was chosen as
site for the experiment because
it is close to Washington and
can be readily available for study
and evaluation by department
technicians. 1t is the first such
installation in this country, al
though several are already in use
in European and Canadian post
offices.
Earlier this year. the depart
ment reported that the Bureau
Of Standards and the Commerce
Department are undertaking a
survey of automation POSSIBLE
tiles.
Mr.. Summerfeld said the
postal system handled more than
Sc billion pieces of mail in the
fiscal year ending June 30.
Load Up IL Pet.
This load" he said, more
than 800 pounds Of mail for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Mail Attenuation on Woy
But Won't Cost Any Jobs

Attenuation is headed for the
United States postal service but
lit won't cost a single man his
job.
A keyboard controlled letter.
sorting machine capable Of han
ding 5000 letters an hour is to
be installed in the Silver Spring
postoff1ce early next year in an
experiment revolutionary in the
services 181-year history.
In addition, the Post Once De-
partment is studying possible use
of machines which will read"
addresses on various types Of
mail and another which will han
die parcel post automatically.
No Threat to Jobs
"No career postal employees
JOB will be affected adversely by
the installation" at Silver Spring.
Postmaster General Summerfield
said in his announcement yes
terday.
The device represents a major
experimental step in the depart
ment's new program to explore
possible applications of automa-
ton. 1T is a part Of our effort
to reduce drudgery and eliminate
Iold-fashioned hand methods of
handling mail while improving
efficiency" Mr.. Summerf1eld
said.
The new Duteh-built machine,
called "Transorma," will require
trained operators who must re-
member up to 400 symbols, one
for each of taht number Of cities
and States.
He sits at a keyboard similar
to that Of an ordinary shorthand
writing machine. BY punching
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21

dorsed and defined the general
aims. of "the so-called Dulles
plan'-that Egypt should get
a fair financial return, that
users should be assured of rea-
sonable charges, that the canal
should be properly developed,
ana that there should be full
freedom Of passage.
But when it came to the
means being employed he was
specific in criticizing their
rationale and in predicting
their results: That world opin-
ion would not support them;
that force used outside the lin
itations prescribed by the U.N.
Charter would violate it; and
that the government might be-
come involved in a disastrous
war or suffer an enormous dip
lomatic defeat.
There are many questions in
connection with this crisis.
Why did the foreign pilots all
quit on schedule? The British
government says they quit
voluntarily. But it is unique
that their employers tthe Suez
Canal CO.. should offer them
three years pay and side bene-
fits if they refused to work
for Egypt. Gaitskell made a
reference to this as a rumor.
1t has since been confirmed.
The diplomatic defeat is
looming. Countries which par
ticipated in the first London
conference are markedly cool
for the users plan" Pakistan
an ally of the Vest has
repeatedly accepted Egypt's
counter-proposal for a confer
ence Of all interested nations
70 negotiate all matters in
volYed in canal operation.
Sweden. Norway and Denmark
have Jointly criticized the users
association. Western Germany
is pointedly uncommitted. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-21
Speech Called Too Defensive, DiffusNe
And Lacking in Attack on Specific Points

didn't explain2 His implicit
references in answer to the
viewpoint on this topic ex-
pressed by the Democratic
nominee were too vague to be
effective.
Widespread publicity for a
speech transmitted by a lot Of
stations or printed in many
newspapers does not neces-
sarily insure widespread listen
ing or reading. There have
been cases in political history
where all the news reporting
and editorials in the press were
opposed to a certain candidate,
but this didn't defeat him.
There's the famous case, for
instance. Of Mayor Hylan of
New York, who went through a
couple of campaigns without
the support of a single news
paper, but he had Tammany
Halls organization behind him.
and he won anyhow.
Why do such things hap
pen? 1t is because the
speech makers in those cam
paigns usually do not get
down to brass tacks and ex-
plain the issues, whereas the
organization by word of mouth
does explain fully and simply
the reasons why the voters
should support its candidate.
Eisenhower, by the style of
campaigning he apparently
has adopted, cannot win
enough votes to overcome the
organization work that will be
done against him. particu-
larry in the large cities, His
only tactic. therefore. is to
simplify the issues, center on
a few and not try to "cover
the waterfront" in every
speech. His Wednesday night
address also violated some of
the fundamental rules of po-
litical combat. One good rule
is never to fall into the trap of
spending your time just de-
Tending yourself against the
other fellows arguments. For
that means your opponent has
the initiative.
A case in point is the issue
developing out of Stevenson's
call for an ending of the
draft" Stevenson was politi-
cally clever in raising the
issue. It's elemental. 1t
means a great deal to mil
lions of voters, particularly
mothers But the President