davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

@. Is sleeping sickness still
a widespread disease in
Africa? r. D.
A. Yes, although progress is
being made against it. There
are two forms Of this dread
disease, which is transmitted
by the bite of the tsetse
fly. The type prevalent in
western Africa tthe Gambian
type is proving durable by
drugs. The Rhodesian type.
which occurs in eastern and
central Africa, is more viru-
lent. and evacuation Of in
tested territory sometimes be-
comes necessary. In 1947 the
Uganda government. faced
with both types, organized a
special control department to
fight the disease.
@. I had land lost a clipping
about a tame monkey falling a
long distance without being
hurt. Have you any record Of
this?-N. S.
A. You may refer TO an As
ISOLATED Press news story dated
November 10. 1854, about a g..
yesr-old Rhesus monkey who
had escaped from the animal
room Of a medical center in
San Francisco. She got to the
top Of a l5-story hospital
building then under construc-
ton. slipped of the roof. and
was seen TO plunge 1875 feet "a
the concrete pavement below
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
On the Burma Border

Reports of Chinese Communist troops
crossing the Burma frontier do not yet
indicate a full-Scale and formidable in
vasion of the South Asian country.
Nevertheless, the threat of another
Korea" clearly is presented by the action
and in the circumstance that Burma
itself has no military establishment ca
pable of standing up for long against the
power of Red China
Actually, since the last remnant of
Chinese Nationalist forces was driven out
of the mainland country approximately
six years ago, the China-Burma frontier
area has been potential trouble spot.
For at that time an estimated 10000
Nationalist troops took refuge across the
Burma border. Burma itself has been
powerleSS to diSlodge them. Condemna-
ton of their presence by the United Ma
tons has had little effect and cooperative
efforts by the governments of Thailand
and the United States to evacuate them
have been relatively fruitless. Mean.
while, their presence, aside from annoy
ing the Rangoon government, has given
Red China an excuse for constant COM
plant that they constitute threat"
to its security. The fear that the Com
munist Chinese would use this complaint
as Justification for at least a limited
invasion has existed throughout.
1t is this situation, as we'll as other
factors, that has had bearing upon
Burmas careful attitude toward Red
China and upon the generally neutralist
policies of the Rangoon government.
Burma was the first nation to recognize
Communist China automatically, but it
did support the United Nations resolution
to take action against the aggression in
Korea. More recently, relations between
Peiping and Rangoon were formalized in
declaration Of five principles
them pledge of respect for each others
territorial integrity. Certainly, regard
less of what pretext is used, movement
of Red Chinese troops as far as the re-
ported so miles across the Burma from
tier is a violation of the latter country'S
territorial integrity. Rangoon is justified
in protesting, however strongly, and in
taking whatever military steps within its
power to combat this violation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
From the BIeochers

Umpire Dulles has Joined the
Suez crisis talks,
Please Mr.. Umpire, watch the
bases on balls and balks;
President Nasser is up at the
plate.
He's dangerous man to con-
template.
The Red team has q man on
first,
A free pass now would be the
worst,
For he might not hit into a
double play
And a single to center would
spoil the day:
Ninth innings like this have
their terrors,
We hope there's no hits, runs
or errors.
Val HaIlOran.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
New Thinking on Travel

Some interesting thinking about the
future of rail versus air public tranSpor-
tation is revealed in the announced plans
of the Nations two largest passenger
carrying railroads to seek sharp increases
in f1rSt-clasS fares. In effect, the Pennsyl-
vania and New York Central railroads are
ready to surrender the bulk of firSt-claSS
traffic to the airlines. To do this, they
propose to ask rate increases for Pullman
accommodations that would make them
so high-priced as to discourage much OF
that class of travel by rail. At the same
time, they would hold coach prices to a
level that might bring greater revenues
from a class that requires less costly
equipment and service.
For long time passenger traffic has
been a losing item for most railroads,
made up by more remunerative freight
and express operations. In the same
period, introduction of bigger and faster
planes has brought constantly increasing
traffic, and profits, to the airlines. In
explaining his decision, President Symes
of the Pennsylvania pointed out that a
S3-million airplane can carry twelve
times as many passengers yearly between
New York and Chicago, and at a fraction
OF the cost, as can modern Sl.5-million
passenger train. Fully loaded all the
time, a transcontinental sleeping car
cannot record profit over years time,
Mr.. Symes added.
1t is not surprising, perhaps, that
some of the other rail carriers are not yet
ready to agree with the two leading lines.
When the matter reaches the Interstate
Commerce Commission, however, the
statistics and opinions will add up to a
significant new chapter in the history
of public transportation In this country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
For the Record

A recent news story in The
Star July Is and go an
nounced that the Air Force
will start publication of a
monthly magazine called The
Altman. The story contained
the following misstatement:
THE Army as yet has not
come forward with an official
publication"
The Army Information d.
gest, which has been pub
liShed under its present title
for more than 10 years, is an
Official U. S. Army Monthly
Magazine" Published under
the supervision of the Army
Chief of Information, the
Digest has the mission Of
keeping personnel of the
Army aware of trends and
developments of professional
concern.
Leilyn NJ. Young,
1t. Col, Infantry; Editor
Army Information Digest.
Editors note: The Star
regrets the error.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Some Old Skeletons in Natures Closet
By THOMAS R. HENRI

and 2 feet high. It may have
looked like a carnivore. but It's
teeth show that 1t was pri-
marily a plant eater.
4
Louise races are being con-
Quoted by PSYCHOLOGISTS Of
the Pasteur Institute at Tunis.
The object-not to establish
a new kind Of track sport. but
to determine how rapidly these
carriers of typhus fever can
get from one person to an
other in crowded sleeping
quarters and how great dis
tances they can cover.
Some of the records, as re-
ported by DR.. Maurice Mathis
of the institute staff:
Thirty centimeters on q
horizontal surface-39 seconds.
The same distance on a sur
face with a 45-degree eleva-
tion-2 minutes So seconds.
Vertical race on a human
hair 20 centimeters long-one
minute, rs seconds. The rec
ord is held by a female louise.
A male required rs seconds
longer to cover the same
course. 1t took longer to go
down q hair than UP a hair.
The champion for the down.
ward course is q male who
covered the distance in two
minutes, 46 seconds. Kept
without food for "a hours. the
same individual required near
ly nine minutes to make the
20-centimeter course.
Always on the Move
Body lice have been pitted
against head lice. The former
have lost every race to date.
These experiments may APP
pear to be completely futile, +"
DR.. Mathis says, but they are
very instructive The dis
tances which can be covered
by average types give US the
key to possibilities of epidem-
les under various conditions.
I'm spite of its form and
limited means of locomotion.
the louise is continuously on
the move. That is why louise
Olympics have been organ
lied"
In spite of the newer insec-
ticides, it is pointed out in
the report, the danger of louise
carried typhuS still is threat
ening in many parts of the
world, such as Tunisia, where
the majority live under quite
unsanitary conditions and
lousiness is prevalent.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

The recent article in The
Star on the serious. and some
times fatal, danger Of using
indications that have become
old. again points up the impor-
tant function newspapers per-
form in disseminating vital in
formation. The Star is es-
pecially conscientious in this
matter. and in this particu-
lar instance can go a step
further by urging legislators,
and people, to make compul-
sorry the printing on all labels
Of the date indications are
manufactured. and the date
they will no longer be effective.
or be dangerous to use. All
the ingredients Of indications
should also be printed on
labels,
Isabel c. Moore.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

men, not screwballs or worse.
no one cared much what
others thought of him.
He did as he pleased, and
let the devil take the hind
most.
4
Today we pride ourselves on
being like every other self.
To diverge, even to the ex-
tent of parting ones hair on
the wrong" side, is to bring
down utter condemnation.
Is this the beginning of
American communism?
Some people think SO. But
the same people also think it
wrong to try to crowd the
roads with millions of motor
cars, as civil defense pines
to do.
You just can't please every
body.
Temp Jones sat there,
watching the man begin.
The man had meat. pota-
toes, biscuits and vanilla ice
cream on apple pie.
Would the hero be a hero
today?
He would.
Manfully, Jones would have
said heroically, the man began
on the pie and ice cream.
People began to stare, but
nobody said anything. They
were all too polite today. To-
morrow, they might burst out
laughing, but today everyone
was polite.
1t was all Jones could do to
restrain himself from rising
on his hind legs and cheering.
Here was a man with the
mad determination of Savon-
arola, the mind of Einstein,
the push and ginger of Davy
Crockett.
Here was one worthy of
being put into a poem. THE
Man Who Eats His Ice Cream
First"
All hail, mighty one
You are unafraid of stareS,
gibes and the dreaded word.
Long may you eat as you
please, as long as 1t is your
money. your stomach and your
peace of mind.
More power to you, you So
and-so!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
Adequate Defense

Admiral Radford may have been
justified in suggesting to the Symington
subcommittee that too many of us have
overeStimated RusSia's military power.
And, of course, he may have been mis-
taken. The difficulty is that none of us,
including Admiral Radford, really knows
just what the capabilities of the Soviet
armed forces are.
But Admiral Radford, as chairman of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, undoubtedly
knows great deal about our own mill
tary capabilities. And In this connection
he said one thing which deserves more
attention than it has received. This is
his testimony:
1t is my professional opinion that the
armed forces which we are maintaining
constitute a visible deterrent, are ade-
quate to perform all essential tasks in the
initial stages of shooting war, global
or otherwise, and constitute an ample
base for a rapid and orderly build-up
should such an eventuality become neces-
sary.
In saying this, he had in mind, Of
course, the notable progress which has
been made in developing and expanding
whole families of atomic weapons
weapons which have reduced the relative
Importance of mere numbers of men
under arms. This is view which is
corroborated by the recent report of the
Atomic Energy Commission and by the
Presidents comments this week.
More than this, however, it is the
view of a professional military man,
trained to think in terms of inSuring the
security Of the United States. It is not
the view Of a politician who wants to
please the voters by balancing the budget.
Therefore, when Admiral Radford says
that our defense program is sound one,
it seems to us that there should be some
hesitation on the part of critics to con-
tinue their running attack on the Defense
Department on the premise that our
national security is being sacrificed on
the altar Of saving dollars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
To Keats Nightingale

WindstreDn the nest where
you frst sdU the light.
Blopn and forgot this
hundred iDindblown
years.
Dust are your Nesting
brothers. dust your sire
and part Of all OF SloD times
tragic tears
While you ltue on. We hear
your dedthlcSs notes.
For Dhen you sang that
nipht, a blithe gay
thingi
A pale boy heard: he listened
rapt and sad
Under the plum blooms that
street. English spring.
Lewis Harrison
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

The man who eats his pie
and ice cream first had just
come into the cafe.
Temp Jones, who eats his
last, watched him with in
tereSt.
He was one of Jones' heroes.
Jones heroes are not like
anybody else's heroes.
Other people go in for mill
tary heroes, business heroes,
writing heroes. They even like
to read William Faulkner,
whose laborious. prose bores
Templeton Jones.
Jones heroes are, in most
cases, men who have the cour-
age Of their convictions.
4 4 4 4
Hence, the man who eats
his pie and ice cream first.
Probably 99-99/100 per cent
of humanity would never dare
risk it.
Because it always attracts at
tention.
You see, it takes only very
little thing to attract the at
tention of some persons.
They are always waiting, like
a cat at a mouse hole, to catch
you daring to be unusual.
No matter how small the di-
vergence, it will attract their
attention.
And then, glad to get the
attack, they say:
"Screwball."
That terrible word is even
worse. in today's society, than
the famous 80 and so" of
yesterday.
Today's sophisticates pre-
tend to laugh. when called
the latter, but shudder in
private at the "screwball"
designation.
We live in the era of Freud,
whatever else you want to
call it.
Sigmund Freud started it all,
and his followers and enemies
have almost finished it.
Today's people cringe. not
only before the power of the
atom, but also before the
might of other peoples con-
formity.
Conformity is the modern
god.
In the days when men were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

An isolated wyoming valley
has yielded q collection Of fos-
sill remains of mammals OF
more than 100000 years ago
CLOSE to the dawn Of the age
of mammals.
This was the time, says DR..
C. Lewis Gain, curator Of YER
tebrate paleontology Of the
Smithsonian Institution. when
the warm blooded creatures
were becoming the dominant
animals on earth and the i'm
portance of the dinosaurs had
just passed. The mammals
were becoming remarkably di-
versified, filling many of the
inches left by disappearance of
the host of reptiles which pre-
viously had ruled the earth.
Notable in the collection. just
described by DR.. Gain, are re-
mains of plesiadapids. These
were small. probably tree
climbing animals belonging to
the primate order, but only re-
motley related to any extant
monkey. They were more like
the present pseudo-monkeys.
the lemurs, but 1t is not likely.
DR.. Gain holds, that the living
creatures are descended from
them.
Found in France, Too
Plesiadapids have been
found in both North America
and in France, from geological
beds Of approximately the
same age. The Wyoming val
ley produced at least four spe-
cies and two genera of the
creatures, represented by teeth
and jaws. Among them is the
most primitive known repre-
sentative of the family, a mi
mute creature known as pro-
nothodectes. It probably rep
resentS a survival from a group
that may have preceded the
true plesiadapids.
Among other creatures rep
resented among the fossils are
condylarthS from which, pal
eontologists believe, came the
present hoofed animals. The
condylarths, however, were not
hoofed, but had toes with
structures intermediate be-
tween claws and hoofs. They
show evidence that at this
time the claws were beginning
to spread out, or flatten.
Some of these condylarths
are very small. The largest
represented in the collection,
however, was Phanadodus, an
animal more than 4 feet long
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
18th Amendment

Fourteenth Amendment" per-
petuates a most dangerous
myth. He bases his accusa-
ton upon two assertions. The
first is that the Fourteenth
Amendment never really was
ratified in the constitutional
manner by two-thirds of both
houses of Congress and by
three-fourths of the then ex-
listing States" The second,
which follows Immediately
afterward, is: without ex-
ception. all the historians who
have written about that period
in American history are agreed
as to the facts of what
happened"
Mr.. Lawrence is correct,
from one point of view, in
stating that there were 81
States in the Union in 1866
when 10 Southern States re-
jected the amendment. Since
10 is more than one-fourth of
81, obviously the amendment
was rejected in 1866. But he
fails to give the arithmetic of
ratification in 1868.
At that time there were the
same 81 States in the Union
and, hence, % States had to
ratify the amendment before
it became a part of the Con-
stitution. Twenty-three North
ern and seven Southern States,
a total of 80, voted for ratifi-
cation. Before ratification was
officially proclaimed, the Leg
islatureS Of Ohio and New
Jersey withdrew ratification.
Even if the votes of these two
States should not have been
included, %, the required
number, ratified the amend
ment.
Some writer's have also con-
tended that the votes of the
seven Southern States should
not have been counted, since
they, as well as the other three
Southern States, had not
been 'readmitted" to the
Union. But in that case, the
total number of States in the
Union would have been 81.
Three-fourths of 81 is 81. If
the votes of the seven South
ern States should not have
been counted. % States rati-
fled the amendment or 81 If
the votes of Ohio and New
Jersey should not have been
counted.
This analysis is based upon
Reconstruction and the Con-
stitution. 1866-1876" (Charles
Scribner's Sons, New York,
Chicago. Boston, 1902 by the
late John w. Burgess. Bur-
CESS, professor of political
science and constitutional
law and dean of the faculty
of political science in Column
bia University, made clear in
his preface that in his opinion
the North had used erroneous
means" to "re-establish loyal
commonwealth in the South"
1t is all the more significant,
then, that he stated (p. 206):
mo objection can be made to
the validity of the Fourteenth
Amendment on the ground of
the majority by which it was
ratified. In whatever way we
may compute the whole num-
Der of States and the ma
jority voting in the affirmative,
the amendment was lawfully
ratified"
This conclusion Of one Of
the most eminent American
historians and political scien-
lists is one exception to Mr..
Lawrence's second assertion.
1t is to be hoped that Mr..
Lawrence will admit also that,
on the basis of simple arith-
metic, the Fourteenth Amend
ment was lawfully ratified in
1868.
RayfOrd w. Logan,
Head, Department Of His
fnfsp HaxrfnK1 TTsas,,a-.sA..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

poorly informed and displays
a dismal lack of knowledge
when he states that so-called
Russian Jews are a rarity in
the Midsouth. BY rendering a
more thorough job of research
he will discover that Eastern
Europeans including Russians
of Jewish extraction and their
descendants have been more or
less commonplace throughout
the more populous areas of the
Midsouth since the middle of
the 10Th century.
Allan ellison.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

She sustained a fractured
finger and minor cuts. but two
days later seemed back TO
normal. The fall was written
up in the Journal OF Amer
lean Veterinary Medicine.
@. Why did the country OF
India recently present a gavel
to the United States Senate?
IT. l..
A. The old ivory gavel, used
since the first Congress met in
1889, began to fall apart a
few years ago. When a piece OF
ivory large enough TO make a
new gavel could not be found
in this country, the United
States commercial attache in
India was asked 10 find a piece
there. The government Of
India not only procured the
necessary ivory but had 1t
made into a gavel and pre-
sented it to the Senate as a
gesture Of good will.
q. When is the proper time
TO divide and transplant iris
N S.
A July and August are per-
haps the best months. Lift the
clump carefully. wash dirt OIL
the rhizomes. and divide so
that each part has at least
one strong fan Of leaves. Cut
the foliage back about two
thirds before replanting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03

will be waged at next weeks platform
committee meeting. And the chances
are that 1t will erupt again during the
convention.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry DriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-03
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
nv THE HASKTN SERVICE

bI 1nE nhohIN SEhNACE
mail TO factua question BY writing
Information 1900 Eye ST. NV, washington
inclose cents for return postage
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-09-15
Ohio School ...

Continued from Page One) :
would be about 900 pupils in the
new and old buildings.
The question of overcrowding
was a major issue in the court
fight over Indignation. The Hills
boro School Board contended il
would integrate the pupils just as
soon as the new Webster and
Washington Schools were complet-
ed and the room was available.
A group of Negro parents sup
ported by the National Association
for the Advancement Of Colored
People, brought suit in federal
court, however, to force immediate
Indignation after the United States
Supreme Court ruled out segrega-
ton.
United States District Judge
John H. Druffcl Of Cincinnati up
held the school board last winter,
but he was ovcrrulcd by the court
of appeals.
During the two years that the
court fight went on, almost dozen
Negro pupils were held out OF
school by their parents in protest
and were given private instruction
They were taken into the Web
ster School late last spring under
the court order and the remaining
so to so Negro youngsters entered
Webster Sept. 4.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-09-15

meus Keet-Doyen Of Dutch Re-
formed Church theologians heading
Stellenbosch Theological Seminary
which turns out the bulk Of the
churches ministers published a
book denouncing any form Of seq
regation as incompatible with
Christian principles.
Although the government did its
best to conceal the differences in
volved it was obviously a time of
flux. A conference, obviously mot
ivated by government supporters,
was called to air the whole segre-
CATION issue under the triple aus
pices of the Dutch Reformed
Church, the South African Bureau
of Racial Affairs "a government
intellectual body and the Fedora
ton of Afrikaans Cultural Socie-
ties.
Reports of that conference now
at hand indicate that, publicly at
any rate, the rebels have been per-
suaded to forget their differences.
The conference of more than 800
delegates enthusiastically backed
the principles of segregation and
commended the government inter-
probation of them.
Coincidentally, the Dutch Re-
formed Church has issued a draft
of its revised policy on the race
question prepared mainly in the
light of overseas criticism-notably