davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
Token Unit in Near East Crisis Is Seen
As Possible Forerunner of Full Setup

in its study Of U. N. operations
made three years after adop-
ton of the charter. 1t said:
1T is inevitable that with
out armed forces the United
Nations will continue to lack
the prestige and authority
which are essential if threats
to the peace are to be pre-
vented"
This lack could have been
fatal to the U. N. two years
after that, in the case of the
sudden aggression, Russian
inspired, when North Korea
invaded South Korea. The
fact that South Korea was a
ward of the United Nations
offered an opening that was
quickly seized by President
Truman. He went to the
U. N. Security Council which
declared North Korea an
aggressor and authorized a
police action under the U. N.
Charter in which a number
of member nations supplied
troops. Their contributions
were chiefly token forces, with
the United States providing
the bulk of the U. N. army.
The Korean experience also
paved the way for a U. N.
reform. At that time only the
Security Council could author
ize such a police action. If
Soviet Russia had not been
absenting herself from the
Security Council, it would have
been impossible to order the
Korean police action, as she
would have vetoed it. Recog-
MIXING how the veto might
hamString future action in
cases of aggression, Secretary
of State Dean Acheson got the
U. N. Assembly to clothe itself
with power to act also in cases
of aggression If the Security
Council was prevented from
doing so.
Accordingly the U. N. was
able to proceed on its own
to handle the Middle East cri-
sis through the Assembly,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
Russia Is Accused
IOf HuItinu Israel Oil

TEL AVN, Nov. Is (P.-Well
informed source said today the
Soviet Union is refusing to de-
liver crude oil to Israel despite a
longstanding trade agreement
between the two nations.
The source said the Israeli
tanker Yamsuf had messaged
from Odessa stating that Soviet
authorities had refused it a per-
NIT to load. Before Israel's at
tack on Egypt, which the Rus
slams have asSailed, the Yamsuf
had been hauling 10000 tons Of
crude oil from odessa every two
weeks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
Daily Denunci0tion of Intervention Acts
Held Vital to Stimulation of True Force

the world of a precedent-the
Communist volunteers" who
resisted the u. N. forces in
Korea from 1850 to 1858 and
inflicted casualties of tens Of
thousands.
What is even more impor-
tant now is an expose Of the
facts of the Soviet involve
ment in the last several
months in arming the Egyp-
tians against the Israelis. The
U. N. cannot get much SYM
pathy throughout the world If
it does not focus on the sit
uation produced by the So
VETS and confines itself only
to criticism of the measures of
defense taken by Britain and
France against Egypt for the
illegal seizure of the Suez
Canal.
The world ought to be in
formed of just what did hap
pen prior to the British and
French decision to use military
force in reprisal against Mas
Ser's violation of the Treaty
of 1888. Likewise, the United
States Government should
open it's intelligence files and
disclose the intrigue engaged
in by NaSser with Moscow,
even as he was negotiating
for American funds to help
him build the Aswan Dam.
The break-off of those nego-
tiations, which has been criti-
cized as abrupt" by unin-
formed critics, was directly
due to the discovery of deceit
and treachery in Cairo.
The presence now of many
millions of dollars worth of
Soviet arms in Egypt--some of
it captured by Israel-is con-
firmation of what was dis
covered when Nasser was try
ing to play a double game
with America.
Moral force can never be a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
u. N. Strength in Public Opinion

complete substitute for MILF
tary force, especially If ire
sponsible dictators like Nasser
are bent on the mad pursuit
Of power. But the conflict
can be localized and the area
of hoStilities limited if the
peoples of all the other nations
understand the issues and if
the U. N. has the courage to
call a spade a spade.
Thus, the Hungarian situa-
ton is an example of a new
war between the government
Of the Soviet Union and the
people of Hungary. Here is an
act of aggression which has
infuriated the whole world.
Can the U. N. protect the in
dependence of any small coun-
try when a major power de-
cides to go on an imperialistic
rampage? Will the Soviet
Union now withdraw her troops
from Hungary, even as she is
demanding that Britain and
France withdraw their troops
from Egypt? The U. N. must
put the two cases on the same
basis and insist that member
governments, large or small, in
order to earn the right to be
called "peace-loving" as the
charter provides and in order
to retain the respect of man
kind. must withdraw military
forces from any territory not
their own unless the people Of
that country manifestly desire
such troops as a protection.
Measures to ascertain the true
will Of the people are proper
ones for the U. N. to pursue.
The U. N. has a great OPP
portunity to advance the cause
of peace, but 1t must be backed
by the moral force of the
world--not only in the United
States and in the other free
countries, but even behind the
Iron Curtain, where the pas
sion of peoples for. freedom
from tyranny as manifested in
Hungary is as strong as it is
anywhere else.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
Need for d u. N. Police Force

despite vetoes by Britain and
France in the Security Coun-
Gil. Thereafter the Assembly
also authorized the police
force.
1t now could move on to the
next step-a permanent U. N.
police force.
DR.. Martin T. Hutchinson
of Rutgers University, who
had suggested in a radio
speech in October before the
Israel Britain French invasion
that the U. N. create for the
Middle East such a special
police force as has now been
created. envisaged this Middle
East force as the nucleus Of
a permanent police force. He )
said in that speech:
Inc U. N. security force
could be expanded into other
world trouble spots at any
time 1t was so authorized.
Meanwhile, the U. N. could
accept donations of territory
from its members for base
sites, on the same. basis as that
for U. N. headquarters in New
York. Expansion of the force
on a worldwide basis, to-
gether with progressive world
wide disarmament, would re-
quire basic changes in the
United Nations, and these
could be explored at the
coming conference to review
the U. N. Charter"
DR.. Hutchinson suggested
that the police force also could
include a technical assistance
branch that would help with
refugees and pressing eco
nomic problems in the Middle
East. Likewise he proposed a
U. N. Development Authority
authorized to make loans at q
lower interest rate and on
longer terms than can be given
by the existing World Bank.
Together, the technical as
sistance functions of the secu-
rity forces and loans from the
U. N. Development Authority, :
would have some real promise /,
OF bringing ultimate peace to
the area" he said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

One defeated Republican Senator he's glad Eisenhower
can't have third term He Ike will be
the only Republican left in the country. ssssg gsS
The Democrats are deeply debt This is usually good
sign When the Democratic Party is in the black you
pretty sure the country isn't. #$N
Politicians glossary Speech-Any talk in which
the contents could be improved by the addition couple
peanut butter sandwiches.
One fellow has found to keep busy ends
He telephones Vice President Nixon hafhour
him what became OF the foday week since the election
We'd probably get in less trouble abroad Ike appointed
Tom Dewey Secretary of State Instead of running around
the world Dewey would stay and run for President
College, Where young people that money isn't every
thing-and how to write home for it.
United Nations army of five countries heads for Egypt
War getting more democratic We let the small nations get
in at the start now instead of dragging them the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13

The overflow crowds who have
been flocking to Just about every
Phillips Gallery concert certainly
missed a bet last night when a
young Philadelphia violinist,
Isidor Lateiner, played one of the
most exciting recitals of the sea-
son before an audience conspicu-
Gus by its absence.
When Mr.. Lateiner played here
more than two years ago, he
tangled with a violent storm
which cut the attendance at the
Gallery to less than SO people;
this time, a gusty cold front APP
pears to have been the culprtt.
Perhaps next time he is heard
In Washington, he will have the
audience his artistry deserves.
Mr.. Lateiner is clearly quite a
few cuts above the average re-
citalist. He has a technique as
remarkable as it is unobtrusiye
full-bodied tone as equisite
as his sure sense of pitch. and a
wide stylistic range which en-
aoles him to move easily from
the bel canto lines of an 18-
century Italian fiddle sonata to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-13
NEWS OF MUSIC
BY IRVING LowENs

Isidor .Lateiner. violin: Edith Grosz.
piano. At Phillips Gallery. Program:
Sonata In O minor, Opus /. No. 10.
Tartini: chaconne. from Partita No 2
In D minor for unaccompRnied violin.
Bach: Sonata No. l.. Bartok: Rondo in
A. D. ABS, Schubert: IN POGO Triste.
Opus. II. No. g. suk: Burleska. Opus
II. No. 4. Suk: Polonaise BrillantF- No.
2 In A OnuR d Wieniawski
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
SPOTLIGHT 7955-7o56

The 1855 District of Columbia area
business This be better
although the 1856 gains may match the 1855
gains 1854
summary of 1855 and 1856 compiled from
public and private authorities the respective is pre-.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
Stocks Reach New Peaks
On Crest of Great Boom

On Friday. September %, the
AP average of so stocks stood at
$181.50. its highest level. Then
came the MISUNDERSTANDING
news of President Eisenhower's
heart attack.
On Monday the market drop
ped. The fall that day was ex-
ceeded only by the very worst
day suffered in the crash OF
1929.
Recovery Speedy
The whole thing was over in
two and a half weeks and the
reaction hit bottom. The re-
covery paced that of the Presi-
dent himself, and by Monday
December S, the AP average was
back up again to $l81.50.
In the final weeks of the year
dividends hit record rate,
profits were at top levels and the
rage for stock splits had cut up
IS issues on the New York Stock
Exchange (another record.
All of these were basic factors
in the rise of the stock market
There also was a powerful in
tangible. That was the con-
fidence that rs million stock
holders have in the future.
AS the year closed, a mans
hand could easily cover all the
clouds in the economic sky.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04

Philip M. Talbot, VINO mas Deen
high in the councils Of both or
CARNATIONS and this year is
president Of the National Retail
Dry Goods Association.
There are many compelling
reasons for believing that 1856
win be a prosperous year." de-
clared Mr.. Carr. Virtually all
normally used indicators point
in that direction
THE basic key to conditions
in Washington is. of course, Fed
eral employment. We are ac-
customed to experience tempo
rary Federal personnel reduc-
lions whenever there is a change
in administration and can recall
the serious impact Of cutbacks
when the administration took
over" he continued.
Jobs Decline Reversed
in recent months we have
seen a slight reversal in the trend
and / feel confident that total
Federal employment in the area
will continue to increase modest
ly at least through the next cleo
ton.
Gradually improving results
of efforts to attract new private
to the area indicate
modest but significant additions
to Washington's private payrolls
in the coming year.
Despite some tightening of
money for new home construc-
ton. increasing population and
other factors give us reason to
expect residential activity to
continue at around its present
pace.
Heavy construction and large
planned projects. particularly in
the District central area, promise
to proceed at an increased
tempo. thus providing work for
construction workers and un-
substantially increased expendi-
lures for materials and supplies.
Important projects scheduled
for 1866 will improve both prop
erty value and business activity.
Such projects include the 500
million development in Foggy
Bottom. the probable beginning
of construction in the South
west area and a stable Federal
building program expected to be
announced soon.
1T seems to me that the whole
general picture is good and that
major projects being planned
and started provide ample basis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
Truck Fleet
10 Million

NEW YORK. Jan. 4 (P.-The
number Of trucks in use in the
United States passed the 10 mil
lion mark In 1855 and motor
truck transportation should have
one Of its best years in 1856. II
was predicted by Fleet Owner
monthly magazine Of trucking.
1t noted that the Nations
truck fleet has more than dou-
bled since 1914 when 4,513,000
trucks were registered.
Taxes paid by trucks rose
from $518.159.O00 In 1913 to ST.
1876. 643, 900 In 1868, the last year
for which complete figures are
available. the magazine said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
District Banks
Benefited by
Upward Trend
U. S. Pay Increase
And Tourist Trade
Cited by Purdoe

Washington banks benefited
from the very favorable condi-
tons prevailing in 1855, not only
in this metropolitan area, but
also throughout the Nation, de-
clared w. Hiles Pardoe, president
of the District Bankers Associa-
ton in a year-end statement.
Mr.. Pardoe, who is vice presi-
dent of National Savings and
Trust Co., pointed out that new
records we're established by gross
national products and employ
ment. THE third quarter of the
year showed the gross national
product at an annual rate Of
1892 billion, approximately 8 per
cent above 1884" he said.
Business concerns and banks
are confidently looking forward
to a continuation Of favorable
trends in 1856. especially as the
Federal Reserve Board has wisely
initiated policies Of restraint de-
signed to prevent the possibility
of runaway boom and to assure
maintenance of a progressive
and sound economy.
! Pay Raises Cited
1.-THE District in particular has
| benefited from salary raises
granted Government employees
earlier last year and by the large
tourist trade" he continued.
ut was reported that about
i1,750,0 900 persons visited the Dis
trict during last summer, Is to
20 per cent more than in the
summer Of 1854.
"As a result, area department
stores have benefited and they
enjoyed an 8 per cent increase
in sales from the same period
Construction Gains
Construction in the District
has reached new highs. Total
building permits for 10 months
last year were IS per cent above
the previous year. In nine
months auto registrations in the
District showed a 48 per cent in
crease and truck regulations q
SO per cent increase from 1854"
he continued.
District banks approach the
year end with substantial gains.
AS Of November %, IL reserve
member banks here had total
resources of $1,288,9l7.000, a s
per cent gain since the first of
the year.
Capital accounts increased
1912 per cent in the period and
now represent per cent of total
assets. Loans increased IA per
cent. showing a large increase
in real estate and consumer
credit outstanding.
The banks here are actively
taking care of the credit needs
of the community and are opti-
mistic about prospects in 1856"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04

for believing that Washington is
on the threshold of a tremendous
development era" said Mr.. Carr
Along with the rest Of the Ma
ton. Washington has enjoyed a
boom last year and even the most
conservative businessmen will
ingly admit that 1856 will sur
pass 1855" declared Mr.. Gibbs
who is vice president Of Peoples
Drug Stores, Inc.
Retail sales in the Washing
ton Metropolitan Area set new
records and were up from 8 to
10 per cent over 1854. This
growth was reflected in increases
for both the downtown and SUBJ
urban sections and was not re-
stricted to just retail stores" he
said.
Government and private pay
rolls in the area paralleled the
increase in retail sales and were
SO per cent above 1854. And
it is reasonable to expect them
TO be just as high or higher in
1856. Insurance, air travel,
building, tourist business and
many other indicators also
showed gains in 1855.
IF there is reduction in in
come taxes on the national level,
even more money will be avail
able to consumers this year.
Washington has per-capita
personal income of $1,000. COM
pared with a national average
of $1.770."
Cites Capital Bargains
Mr.. Gibbs said Washington
merchants have been able to
offer merchandise at lower prices
than those in many other lead
ing American cities and that
customers taking advantage of
the bargains have caused a con-
slant turnover and reduced in
ventories to a healthy low. Be-
cause of the healthy condition
of inventories, sales will be
maintained and even exceed 1865
levels, he predicted.
Employment is very high and
many Washington area firms
have excellent jobs waiting for
the right persons. This has
resulted in many firms making
special arrangements for part
time workers who are employed
full time during the day. Work.
ers have found it profitable to
accept evening and Saturday
jobs to supplement their in
comes so they can purchase new
home furnishings. clothing and
extras they desire"
However, Mr.. Gibbs closed his
review with a warning that a
wise merchant will keep a
weather eye on expenses so that
at the end Of 1856, "his year-end
dividend declaration will con-
tinue to make good reading"
Profits Also Higher
Department stores, speciality
stores and chain stores had a
record year and early reports
indicate that profits likewise
moved ahead, declared Mr..
Talbot. who is senior vice presi-
dent of Woodward & Lothrop,
and also is a director of the
United States Chamber of Com
merce.
Looking ahead in 1856, there
is every indication that further
advances in sales will be at
Continued on Page ABS, Col. 1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
New Florida Office
Opened by Jones,
Kreeeer & Hewitt

Jones, Kreeger &c Hewitt,
members of the New York Stock
Exchange and other leading ex-
changes. with main offices in
the Cafritz Building here, today
announced the opening of a
branch Office at Lake Wales, Fla.
The Florida Office in the Wales
bilt Hotel will be under the
management of Francis C. Bu-
chanan, long time resident of
the area. Lake Wales is in the
heart of the Florida citrus belt
and is near the great phosphate
deposits and other industry.
The opening is being attended
by Robert c. Jones, senior part
ner Of the 25-year-old Wash
ington firm. Another branch Is
at Alexandria. Va.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04

continued with slightly more
than $500 million of new build
ing authorized in the IL months
Employment and payrolls were
well above 1854 throughout the
year and in November were 2.e
per cent and 10 per cent. respec-
lively, ahead of a year earlier
Employment was not up to high
1852 Jewels. but record payrolls
were well above that year.
Other events may have been
Of more lasting significance, but
the 71a per cent. across-the-
board pay increas for Govern
ment employees after mid-year,
plus retroactive pay for four
months. was the biggest single
factor putting a rosy glow on the
retail scene here in 1855. It was
accompanied by many similar
pay increases in private bust
neSseS.
The retroactive pay amount
ing to more than $25 million was
distributed mostly in July and
August, but its effect along with
the pay increases. was apparent
for the rest of the year in such
varied lines as new homes, auto
mobiles. appliances. furniture
and apparel.
This important stimulus will
be missing in 1856 and uncer-
tainties of the coming election
with a possible change in the
administration will dampen buy
ing enthusiasm. While retail
trade probably will be large in
comparison with any other year,
it is not likely to equal 1855.
Rehabilitation Pushed
From a long-range standpoint,
the unfolding program to re-
habilitate central city sections,
alleviate traffic congestion and
attract more business to down
town stores shared attention
with the booming suburbs where
an entire new harvest of shop
ping centers will compete with
established ones in the coming
year
Private development of Foggy
Bottom and the Capitol Hill Sec
ton and the Redevelopment
Land Agency's plans for South
west Washington indicate bis
downtown changes. A new sys-
tenn Of thruways is being planned
and a decision on the fate OF
the transit system will be
reached.
Newer and larger shopping
centers are on the drawing
boards for 1856 and where they
are too close to existing centers
will detracG from them ma
terially. In competition for new
locations. there were cases of
chains Maintaining duplicate IA
Icilities close TO each other in the
last year. The resulting sales
did not justify more than dou-
bling expenses. When a new
shopping center comes too close,
the small firm also must be
ready to jump quick or be left
out of the main stream of busi-
ness. Planning authorities are
studying this situation.
Older BONES Reduced
An oversupply of older homes
with resulting lower prices may
serve as a drag on new residen-
tial construction in the coming
year but commercial construc-
Continued on Page A-29, Col. !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-04
Loan League
Volume Holds
Despite Curbs
w. Hiles Pardoe

Tightening Of credit in the
last quarter of 1855 did not stor
81 member associations of the
District Savings and Loan League
from making loans, but 1t die
cause a reappraisal Of theil
mortgage lending policies. de-
clared Carl c. Smuck. league
president. at the year end.
Members have been able tt
meet the demand by perhaps Q
more cautious policy in their Sc.
lection Of risks" he added ir
reviewing what has proven t.
be another record year for the
District associations.
Assets Of the associations in.
creased about IS per cent in thu
year and at the year end wer.
close to $770 million. he re.
ported Membership in the as
sociations now exceeds 5000
and around 10000 families art
being assisted to home owner.
ship through mortgage financing
of the associations. Savings anc
loan institutions provide TIT
largest single source for home
financing in this area, declared
Mr.. Smuck. who is executive
vice president of the Anacostis
Federal Savings and Loan AS.
ISOLATION.
urban renewal Is not yet II
high gear for the District Of
Columbia and thus far has hac
little, II any, impact on the
lending associations" he said.
During the year the egres'
OF families from the city has
been pronounced. Associations
have been able to meet demand
by making available funds fol-
suburban areas surrounding the
city. Four associations opened
new branches, raising the branch
total to IL.
The number Of associations
belonging to the league increased
two in the year and all asso.
Citations operating in the Dis
trict now are insured by the
Federal Savings and Loan Insur-
ance Corp" he pointed out.
"T'he outlook for 1856 Is
optimistic" he continued. 1--WE
expect loan demand to continue
in the relatively stable economy
we enjoy In the Federal City
1t is not expected that election
year will make any significant
impact on our business at the
local level.
Insofar as Government policy
on mortgage credit is concerned
we believe 1856 will be the re.
verse of 1855. We entered 1876:
with easy credit and witnessed
a Tightening in the fourth
quarter. We expect to entel
1856 in a tight money market
and by the middle Of the veal
witness a general easing Of
credit. On the savings side Of
the picture we expect 1885,
growth will be comparable t.
that Of 1885"