davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-23
PRINCE GEORGES COUNTY

COLLEGE PARK, mr.. Greenbelt and
new Baltimore Washington park
way--Builder's sacrifice. On huge
corner lot. Asking only Sl5,500.
with $4,000 down Large all-brick
hall f baths mi bsmt, oil III heat and
side screened porch. THE PERRY
ROSWELL co WA r.4h0n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-23

clean. masonry rambler. Nestled
snugiy in charming wooded neigh
borhood, 10 min. from downtown
via freeway. A sweet little home
at $4,000; S65 per mo. should ham
die. w. R. HUGHES CO., AP.
r.lAnn III a n m
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-23
HOUSES FOR sALE--N.W.

AMER, q. PARK--6-rm. brick home:
new house cond.. nr. all schools.
shopping and transp.: low POS. Call
MRS. DAWSON, Agent, WO. g.
4 l6n or EN-. 3-2ol6.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-23
HOUSES UNFURN. Cont
MICHIGAN PARK

blocks north Of new Providence
'sisopital. 500 18th st. ne. Semi
detached, 2-story brick: fun base
ment / "a baths. also separate din
ing nm, Sos mo-: ! bus fare
only. Phone for appt weekdays.
STEUART BROS, INC.
.DI 7-2434 DI. 1885
Glenmont, Silver Spring, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
Business and Industry Avoid Publicity
In Bringing About RocioI Indignation

banking context. The reason: If its
action had been held up as a shining
example in Chicago, other banks
there would have resented it.
. Major meat packers recently
brought Negroes into their white
collar departments. but individual
companies asked that they remain
unidentified They feared economic
boycott liz certain Southern areas.
One company already has been boy
cotted because of a report that 1t
once contributed to the National
Association for the Advancement OF
Colored People.
. Western Electric Company in
Winston-Salem, N. c.. recently per-
mitted Negroes to take over a wide
range Of skilled employment but
asked that its name not be used
when the news was passed out in
North Carolina. II wanted the
Negroes 10 know OF the new job
opportunities however. because it
needed the workers. so the COM
pany spread the word indirectly by
printing pictures of both Negro and
white employees in its house organ.
1t also held open house and dis
trlbuted a souvenir booklet with
pictures Of both Negro and white
employees.
"A manufacturer in Southern
Tennessee was discovered, in a re-
view OF compliance with non-dis-
elimination clauses in Government
contracts. to have made outstand.
ing progress in providing qualified
Negroes with skilled employment
opportunities. The company, tn
fact, mad gone SO far as TO int.
crate its fire department. The fire
fighters operate on a platoon sys-
TEN in which all members Of a
given shift sleep in the same room.
Negroes and whites now share the
same shifts But the name OF the
company and the city in which it
Is located are not available.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
Washington Watches

Here in Washington. State De-
partment officials watched the sit
uation as closely as disrupted COM
munications permitted. On Thurs
day, after two conversations with
Secretary Of State Dulles. President
Eisenhower criticized sharply the
use Of Russian troops TO crush
the Hungarian rebels. For a very
brief period that day. the legation
in Budapest was able TO report to
Vienna and thence 70 Washington.
There we're 40 American casualties
in the fighting. the legation re-
ported. But our top policymakers,
burning their own midnight oil,
expressed privately their concern
that the Hungarian uprising would
prove 70 be premature, and would
cancel out under the wrath Of
Moscow the sizsable gains already
made In weakening the Russian
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28

ings are $50 a month more than
under the Truman regime.
They Know Their Stotus
Truth is, the farmer, the small
businessman and the factory worker
know far better than the speaker
how well or how poorly they are
faring. and it only rankles for them
to be told"
The worker who is getting along
swimmingly and is happy with job,
pay and life in general doesn't
need a reminder from politician.
And those who are having trouble
making ends meet obviously resent
deeply being told how well of they
are.
Il don't want any guy from
Washington coming out here telling
me how well I'm doing" muttered
a man in overalls as he departed
a Nixon audience in Youngstown,
Ohio.
And Senator Prescott Bush is
met with chorus of mos" as he
says to Connecticut audiences: Il
want to ask you that question Len
Hall made famous at San Fran
cisco: is everybody happy?'"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
School Hearing Transcript Offers
Revealing Data on Achievement

Mr.. Smith-About IT'S. AS a mat
ter OF fact. the whole school has
IS per cent normal children and
% per cent abnormal or atypical;
rs per cent of the school children
are normal; Is are not.
Mr.. Davis-You call them normal
when they go down as low as what
grade?
Mr. Smith-Not grades; rs I. O..
Intelligence quotient, rs.
Mr.. Davis-Well, what limits does
the term normal" include, insofar
as achievement is concerned?
Defining Normal
Mr. Smith-A IS I. @. can be
normal if that rs 1. @. can read
fourth grade. That is all he can
read. He will never read any more
than that. But when you get to a
100 I. c., they should be able to
read in the grade that they are in,
eighth grade.
Mr.. Davis-Then the fact that he
is normal, is rated as normal, does
that mean that he is in the achieve
ment level that he should be in?
Mr.. Smith-Yes, sir.
MI. DaVis-Well. if he is in the
eighth grade, and reading at
fourth-grade level, is that the
achievement level that he should
have?
Mr.. Smith-Based upon his ma
tive ability, his 1. @.
Mr.. Davis-Well, you do not grade
them by standards. then, of learn
ing; you grade them according to
his ability to learn and whether he
is learning all he could with his
capacity.
Mr.. Smith-That is right: yes,
sir. That is one of the prob
lens the city faces, what to do
with these slow-moving. retarded
children who can't and will not
learn to do any more. They are
in school until they are l6 and
you couldn't keep them in the
elementary schools, when they got
to be IA and Is. with little chill
dren We have in the first and Sec
ond grades. So we have placed
them with children on their own
level of age, even though their
achievement isn't up to what these
other children may do if they are
normal or above normal children.
But they are still doing the best
they can do with what they have.
Mr.. Davis-If they are doing the
best they can do with what they
have, they are considered a salts
factory student in the seventh
grade, even though they may read
at a fourth-grade level?
Mr.. Smith Yes, sir. That
sounds funny, but it is true.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
THE PROSPERITY THEME
Some Campaign Audiences Resent
Republican Good Times Emphasis

much larger slice of defense con-
tracts they are getting than four
years ago and how well they are
doing as a result.
Or G.. o. P. orator waves a
finger in the dust-stained faces of
farmers and tells them they are not
nearly so bad off as they think
they are. A Minnesota chicken
raiser getting eight cents pound
for his product, or a drought
plagued Nebraska corn grower, is
told the true measure of the agri-
culture economy is overall farm
income and not farm product prices
as the Democrats would have them
believe. And overall farm income
is up over last year.
Following the opening remarks
will come floods of figures, average
figures. which various Government
statistical bureaus have been dig
ging out for weeks. There is no
quarrel with the accuracy of the
figures. It's rather a question of
making them fit.
The industrial worker is told he
is getting 1.-THE highest take-home
pay on record" and his gross earn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
MARYLAND
Meet Those Energetic Senate Candidates

Abel some years earlier when he
had summer job demonstrating
automobiles and was assigned to
deliver one to the Abel estate. The
Buffers, who live now in North
Baltimore, have three children
John Marshall, jr., "a, now in the
surplus sales business in that city;
Edwin, %, senior at the Univer-
J sity Of Maryland, and Maria, 20,
a junior at Hollins College.
A Thorough Workmon
In his law practice, Senator But
Ter was known by his colleagues as
a thorough practitioner in the lin
ing up of facts, evidence and
witnesses. In the Senate, he is
known as a conservative Repub-
lican. Although he worked hard for
: the late Senator Taft for President
in 1852, he has lately been hoasting
OF the mutual admiration he and
President Eisenhower have for one
another.
The President and the Senator
share love of golf. Mr.. Butler,
who sneaks in a round whenever
he can, shoots in the mid-80s.
The Congressional Quarterly sur
vey of 1T roll calls in the 84th Con-
gress shows that Senator Butler
supported the Presidents program
10 per cent of the time, which is
neither the highest nor the lowest
of Republican Senators. The other
Maryland Senator, j. Glenn Beall,
scored 85 per cent in the same
survey.
In the first part of his term, Sem
ator Butler concentrated on ma
tional affairs, but lately he has
been working more on Maryland
slanted legislation.
He is particularly proud Of a
series of bills he authored which,
he has said, revitalized the Ameri-
can Merchant Marine and brought
$3.50 million in shipbuilding and
ship repair contracts to the Port of
Baltimore. He also can boast of in
PRODUCING bill aimed at eradicat-
ing the pesky sea nettles and jelly
fish, scourge of Chesapeake Bay
swimmers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
Businessmen Assured
DISTRICT
BY HECTOR Mclean

Last week the House District
Committee received 1900 copies of
512-page book which viii be &
veritable gold mine of facts for
any who wants to use 1t.
The book is the printed tram
script Of nine days of hearings be-
fore the Subcommittee to Investi-
gate Public School Standards and
Conditions, and Juvenile Delin-
quency in the District Of Columbia. /"
Actually, the hearings were de-
voted principally to the problems
Of indignation in the District school
system.
But entirely aside from the racial
issue. the transcript provides ex-
PLANTATION Of new PHILOSOPHERS in
education which seem poorly un-
derstood by most adults vino COM
pleted high school before World
War II.
1t illustrates why many en-
ployers have complained that some
high-school graduates can hardly
read OF write, and Eliminates last
years dispute between Engineer
Commissioner Thomas A. Lane and
school authorities over basic educa-
tonal philosophers.
Perhaps the clearest statement
in this area came in the testimony
of Hugh Stewart Smith, principal
of Jefferson Junior High School,
under questioning by Representa-
tive James c. Davis, Democrat of
Georgia. and William Gerber of
Memphis, Tenn. chief counsel.
Mr. Smith testified that his
seventh grade was divided into
seven groups: -four normal. three
atypical The atypical are chill
dren that can't achieve. Two of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28

Mr.. Mahoney's behalf. Mr.. Ma
honey and the two Tydings stump
ers urge Marylanders to right
the wrong" Of 1850 by defeating
Senator Butler.
The only other time that Mr..
Mahoney has been a nominee was
four years ago when he defeated
former Representative Lansdale G.
Sasscer in the primary and then
lost to Republican Senator Beall
in the 1852 Eisenhower landslide.
In 1850 he lost the guberna-
torial nomination on unit votes to
former Gov. w. Preston Lane, jr.
Two years ago DR.. H. C. Byrd
defeated Mr.. Mahoney in the GU
bernatorial primary.
This is the sixth time in six
years then that Mr.. Mahoney's
name has been on Statewide
ballot in Maryland.
He displayed the same sort of
drive in his climb up the economic
ladder.
The youngest of a Baltimore
policeman's II children, Mr.. Ma
honey quit school after the eighth
grade. His only other formal school,
ing since then has been some night
school engineering courses.
AT the age of 20, he invested
his savings in secondhand truck
and leased sand and gravel pit.
That was the beginning of a paw
ing contracting business that made
him a rich man before he was 40.
Today, Mr.. Mahoney lives on a
425-acre estate and dairy farm in
Baltimore County's fashionable
Worthington Valley. In his own
words, he is Comfortably fixed"
Wife Runs the Business
His attractive wife Abigail runs
the Mahoney Bros. contracting
firm in Baltimore when her CAM
palgnlng husband is campaigning.
which is more often than not. They
have two children, a daughter
Perry, IL, and George, jr., 10.
MI. Mahoney's only public Office
has been as member and chair
man of the State Racing Commits
sion, to which his boyhood friend.
then Gov. Herbert r. OConor. ap-
pointed him in 1910. After getting
the commission involved in heated
controversies because of several re-
forms he initiated, Mr.. Mahoney
was dismissed by former Gov. Lane.
four months after he succeeded
Gov. O'Conor in Annapolis in l947.
Relying heavily on a personal,
handshaking type of campaign,
Mr.. Mahoney is difficult man to
classify politically His personal
views-the few that have come to
light in his various campaigns
would seem to put him in the con-
sentative wing of the Democratic
Party.
But most of his stated positions
on public issues in the current cam
paign have been taken directly from
the Democratic platform and hand
book. He has not seemed to argue
with his party this time as he did
four years ago when he came out
for cutting of economic aid to
Europe and for the use of Chang
Kai-shek's Chinese Nationalist
troops in Korea.
Mr.. Mahoney was at odds with
the majority of his party as re-
Gently as the national convention,
however. when he tried vainly to
swing the Maryland delegation first
behind New York Gov. Hartman
for the presidential nomination and
then behind Senator Symington Of
Missouri.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
REVIEW OF THE WEEKS WORLD NEWS

restrictions on industry and agri-
culture, and even to come to terms
with the Catholic Church.
Yet Poland, so far, was COM
mitted to course Of national
communism. There were no sug-
gestions from official sources that
a revolt against communism itself
was in the making there. The
Gomulka government was particu-
larly careful to suppress news of
the Hungary blowup.
Mr.. Gomulka announced on Tues
day that Russia had agreed to end
military measures" in the coun-
try. 1t was unclear by the weeks
end whether that agreement meant
removal of Russian forces from
Poland. or merely withdrawal to
the bases they had occupied before
the events Of a week ago,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28

. A major company in one Of the
Gulf Coasts leading industries has
been making much progress in in
tegrating Negroes. But it fears that
local publicity would cause its white
employees to withdraw their Coop
Grafton. There is a further appre-
hension that local publicity might
stimulate legislative reprisals in
the State capitol. All newspapers
and radio news editors in the area
are aware Of the company's prog
ress but have agreed that local pub
licity would be harmful.
. Another important company in
the same industry but in different
part OF the country was prepared
to have its story told. But when it
learned it would be the only one
specifically identified, 1t requested
anonymity.
Reasons for Silence
There seem to be three major
reasons for antipathy toward pub
licity;
First. no one likes publicity when
he stops beating his wife.
Second. White Citizens Councils
bring enormous pressure, directly
and through economic boycott. in
some parts Of the mid-South and
the deep South when indignation
policies become well-known.
Third. face" for white workers
who agree TO on-the-job integra-
ton must be protected. This is a
problem not confined TO the Deep
South. Many whites are willing to
90 along with nondiscrimination
policy In many areas they are
willing TO work under Negro super
yisors. But they do not want 70 be
singled out for attention. II there
were local publicity. many Of these
people would have TO withdraw
their Cooperation TO protest their
status in their communities, clubs
or even fayorite bars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
Continued From Page A-2S

Gil table of Russia's collective
leadership and that the decision
on what course to follow was one
calculated perhaps to rock the re-
gime of Nikita Khrushchev to its
possible collapse.
Only week ago Friday, Mr..
Khrushchev and almost the entire
Kremlln hierarchy had flown to
Warsaw, repeatedly to cool the ma
tionalist ardor of the Polish COM
radeS.
But his visit appeared to have
been without effect. Mr.. Gomulka
last Saturday voiced what was in
effect declaration of independence
from Moscow. And all this week
his reorganized regime has been
taking step after step to eradicate
Stalinism, to liberalize government
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
FotefuI Decisions

In Moscow, the decisions of
the men in the Kremlin were of
necessity Notwithstanding in their
implications. They had a challeng-
ing choice: % Move ruthlessly to
put down the Hungarian revolt at
all costs; or. (2) accept the events
in Hungary as inevitable. avoiding
direct Russian military interven-
ton because of its adverse effects
on the public opinion of the world.
There seemed little doubt that
Moscow would choose the first al
tentative. Propaganda reverses
may. perhaps, be again reversed by
more and later propaganda. But
the loss of Hungary to the Soviet
world would be an intolerable
breach in the bristling front so
carefully and thoroughly built up
after World War II. If the Hun
garians were successful in defying
the awesome might Of the Soviet
Union. which satellite would be
next to emulate the Magyar
example?
There was another element of
disquiet. too. in the tense delibera-
tions going on in the Kremlin. Too
many reports from the fighting
centerS in Hungary told Of Soviet
soldiers fraternizing with the Hun
garians they had been sent to sub
due. The Hungarian army itself
was manifestly untrustworthy;
large sections of it, including re-
portedly whole garrisons, had OPEN
ly sided with the insurgents. II
Soviet Russia were to smash the
naked steel fist against the people
OF Hungary, would the reaction not
only in other satellites but in Rus
STA itself, set of a powder train
leading to shattering blast in the
very heart OF the Communist world?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
John Marshall Butler

Few politicians have made more
of a splash in their first run for
public Office than did Senator. John
Marshall Butler. His first cam
paign six years ago has been me-
morialized in political history be-
cause of its controversial nature.
Senator Buffers defeat of former
Democratic Senator Millard E. Ty-
dings, until then one of the pillars
OF the Senate. was investigated by
Senate subcommittee, which de-
nounced the Butler campaign.
The subcommittee decided, how
ever. that there was not enough
evidence to recommend unseating
the freshman Republican Senator.
He was allowed to keep the seat
he had won. but under a cloud that
took him while to shake.
His primary victory before the
campaign against Mr.. Tydings was
also bit unusual. He won the
Republican senatorial nomination
from D. John Markey of Frederick
on the basis of his unit-vote ma
jority even though Mr.. Markey had
polled 1000 more popular votes.
Senator Butler defeated Mr.. Tydings
326.29l to 283,180.
Brewster Urged Him
Senator Butler, SO, remembers
that he got into that 1850 race
mostly because of the urging of
former Senator Brewster of Maine,
then chairman of the Republican
senatorial campaign committee.
Before that he had just barely
gotten lis political feet wet on the
Baltimore City Service Commission,
to which he was appointed in 1947
by Gov. McKeldin, then Mayor of
Baltimore. He quit the commission
when he decided to run for the
Senate.
At the time, Senator Butler was
partner in the Baltimore law firm
of Venerable, Baetjer and Howard,
one of the biggest in the country.
He retired from this firm when he
entered the Senate.
Senator Butler comes from a
middle-class Baltimore family. He
was the youngest of four children.
He attended Baltimore Polytechnic
High School before enlisting in the
Army the day after America entered
World War I. He served 26 months,
going overseas in the 10th Field
Artillery of the 29th Division. He
was corporal when mustered out.
After the war, he attended Johns
Hopkins University for two years,
playing such a whale of a right
tackle on the football team that he
got scholarship offers from Michi-
gan and Wisconsin and a bid to
go to West Point. He turned these
down and had to quit Hopkins in
1921 to take over his ailing fathers
real estate business.
He didn't give up his schooling,
though. Five years later, by study
ing at night, he graduated from
the University of Maryland Law
School.
Senator Butler went right from
law school into the venable, Baet-
jer and Howard firm, where he
became a partner in 1889. He adj
mits that this quick jump into the
city's biggest law Office probably
was made possible by the fact that
shortly before he had married into
the Abel family, founders of the
Baltimore Sunpapers, whose legal
affairs were handled by the firm.
The Senator met Marie. Louise
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28

them can't read. They are nom
readers"
Mr. Gerber-How do they get to
the seventh grade?
No Place to Go
Mr.. Smith-When they get there,
and it is found they can't learn,
they are put in an intermediate
area. They remain there until
they are 1872 years old Mr.. Davis,
that is one of the problems with
our children. What are we going
to do with them? There is no
place for them to go. They can't
go to work; the unions won't take
them And that is another educa-
tionaI problem that our city faces.
Again, Mr.. Smith explained that
he had five normal groups in the
eighth grade and two atypical.
Mr.. Davis-Now, the five groups
in the eighth grade-how are they
divided up, insofar as level of
achievement is concerned?
Mr.. Smlth-They run down.
their average reading level is fourth
grade, for all the area. The top one
is one-year retarded. The top
eighth grade has children in it
reading on a seventh and eighth
grade level. 1t is mixed. Then
the groups lower than that read
on a lower level.
Mr.. Davis-And you have four
groups lower than the normal?
Mr.. SMITH have five groups
down to rs 1. @. and two groups
below rs l. O.. two atypical groups.
Mr.. Davis-How many are in the
atypical groups?
Mr.. Smith-About AZ.
Mr.. Davis-And how many are
in the eighth grade all told?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-28
Around
The World

France was contending with q
flareup of violence in North Africa
last week after the arrest Of five
Algerian nationalist leaders pro-
voked bloody rioting in Morocco
and Tunisia. Relations between
newly independent Morocco and
Paris were strained seriously. In
Tunisia the Constituent Assembly
demanded immediate withdrawal
of French troops and pledged COM
plete solidarity" with the Algerian
revolt against French rule.
The five Algerians were flying
from Cairo to the Tunisian capital
at the invitation of Premier Habib
Bourguiba and Sultan Mohammed
v of Morocco for a conference on
finding moderate solution to the
Algerian revolt. The French pilot
of the Air Atlas plane few instead
to Algiers and turned the five
rebels over to the French Army
command.
Rioting, strikes and demonstra-
tions broke out Immediately in Mo-
rocco and Tunisia and continued
through Thursday. At least As
Europeans lost their lives. Yes
terday an uneasy calm prevailed,
but the incident had plainly set
back efforts to end the fighting
in Algeria and wean the Algerians
away from Egypts President Nasser.