davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

establishment, it is prohibitive.
even for the United States and
the Soviet Union.
In countries with direct and
visible taxation, such as that
of the democracies. there is a
law of diminishing returns.
But that also holds for the
countries of the Soviet bloc,
where taxation is almost en-
tirely invisible.
Nobody in the Soviet Union
pays a direct tax of more than
8 per cent of his income. What
he does pay is the difference
between what the state, as sole
producer and distributor, pays
the factories and their work.
erS, and the collective farms
and then laborers for what
they produce. and what these
same workers pay as con-
sumeS.
Taxation is reflected in the
prices charged by the Soviet
monopoly.
These prices. that represent
real wages. also reflect the
amount Of surplus value" that
the state-capitalist structure
takes from the pockets of. "the
broad working masses" for new
capital investment and main
tanning the state establish
ment.
There, as here, the over
whelmingly largest item in this
establishment is the military.
And there as here, there is a
law of diminishing returns in
the degree to which the people
can be taxed.
The East German riots in
1858 and the recent riots in
Poznan, Poland. were not pro-
tests of the "bourgeoisie." but
Of workers. They we're protests
against the invisible taxation.
whereby the more you work
the less you can buy. Both
were suppressed but each led
to ameliorations.
The "bourgeoisie" (as ] have
previously pemarked) are help
less. But the workers are not
entirely so.
The international prestige Of
the Soviet system depends
upon their relative content
ment and they have other
means than riots to express
sullen animosity - slowdowns,
unobtrusive sabotage, absen-
teeism and what not.
The whole productive sys-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Stevenson Plays Waiting Game

Kefauver all attended the
Colorado State Democratic
convention last week end. 1t
is symptomatic of the trend
that Stevenson got the biggest
part of the delegates and that
all three focused their entire
attack on the Eisenhower adj
miniStration, acting more as
a team than as rivals.
Truman met Hartman on
the New Workers. arrival in
Kansas City but was no more
than cordial. The former Pres
ident prefers Hartman but is
a political realist.
Probably Truman will never
forget that in 1852 Stevenson
was much less than whole
hearted in his Endorsement OF
the Truman administration on
the domestic side. 1t is hard
for Truman to forgive.
In those days Stevenson did
feel, certainly at the begin
ming of the campaign, that it
perhaps was time for a change.
Nobody close to him doubted
that had he been elected, the
change from most Of the Tru-
man staff and party organiza-
ton would have been drastic.
Stevenson now feels that he
over-estimated Eisenhower and
did not fully appreciate Tru-
man. He has not apologized to
the former President but he
has let his change Of mind be
known far and wide.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Master Stroke of Diplomacy

those who treat alike nations
that believe in God and honor
religion and morality and ma
tons that boast of atheism
and the rule of force and
terror alone? How can anyone
treat as equals those who be-
lieve in the dignity of man
and the basic rights of all
men. and those who treat their
subjects as mere machines?
Is democracy to be equated
with dictatorship? Is freedom
the same as tyranny"
Efforts by the Communists to
divide the Western allies have
been redoubled lately along
with speeches in Parliament
and in Congress by politicians
seeking to undermine their
governments from within by
playing politics with foreign
policy. But the peoples of
Britain and the United States
are not being fooled. They
stand behind their govern
ments.
1t is flrmness that will win
the cold war and focus atten-
ton on the paper" promises
Of the SovietS to "neutrals."
That's why the decision to
abandon the financing Of the
ASwan Dam will have far
reaching effects in the Middle
East as well as in Asia. It
ought to strengthen the hand
of the British government in
Cyprus and the French govern
ment in Algeria in both of
which situations the Egyptian
government has been helping
the rebels. 1t ought to improve
Anglo-American relations
which have been hurt by
Americas mistaken support of
Egypt i'll giving her control
of the Suez Canal.
On the whole the Aswan
Dam decision is a master
stroke of diplomacy which
President Eisenhower and
Secretary Dulles have achieved
and it rebounds also to the
credit of Prime Minister Eden.
It's a decisive action in the
cold war"
Reproduction Right Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
DORIS FLEEsON
Counts on Own Delegate Strength,
Shuns Talk of Pre-Convention Deal

West Coast supporters of
Senator Estes Kefauver have
begun a drive to get him the
Vice Presidency on the Adlai
Stevenson ticket.
There is little enthusiasm for
the proposal among the Ste
venson strategists. There
might be more if they felt in
dire need of Kefauver's 200
odd flrst-ballot votes to get an
early nomination for Steven
son but they don't.
Stevenson himself prefers
the Junior Senator from Ten
nessee, Albert Gore, to Ke-
fauver. Indeed he is very re-
ceptive to the idea of Gore in
second place.
But what the leading candi-
date really wants to do is to
avoid even talk of deals, COM
mitments or preferences I'M
less and until he himself has
safely got the presidential
nomination. He has hopefully
proposed spending the pre-
nomination days of the con-
vention at his farm in Liberty
vile, outside Chicago, seeing
as few people as possible and
letting his managers do the
managing.
They have talked him out
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

of that. When he said that
Franklin Roosevelt kept his
distance from the convention
four times, they replied that
conventions weren't being held
in Roosevelt's hometown.
Kefauver aides who sense
Stevenson's GOODNESS believe he
must team up with Gov. Har-
riman of New York. They sug-
geSt that a Harriman-Ke-
fauver ticket would attract
potential third force, former
President Truman. and ;ould
tie up the convention.
This seems an outside chance
on the cold fact of delegate
arithmetic. The size of the
ovation for Stevenson at the
dinner tribute here to Senate
George also suggests that all
the bandwagon psychology is
in his direction.
Stevenson not only swamped
his rivals in the applause test
but he made easily the best
and most graceful speech. His
wit was apropos. his compli-
ments to George were in per-
feet taste and he kept his eye
firmly on the foreign policy
future and the role George
might play in it.
Stevenson, Hartman and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
els in Germany
Face Crimes Quiz

A House subcommittee has
scheduled hearings within the
next few days" on crimes involv-
ing United States servicemen in
Germany, which have drawn
strong criticism from Germans.
Chairman Skies, Democrat
Of Florida. Of an appropriations
subcommittee disclosed the in
vestigation plans.
Reports Of murder, rape and
other crimes against German
civilians by GIs stationed in
Germany have touched OF cries
of Yankee Go Home" and have
been exploited in Communist
propaganda.
Mr.. Skies said the Defense
Department has been told to
bring witnesses back from over
seas if necessary to give full in
( m a t ion to the House
committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

Republican and Democratic
politicians who listened to the
colloquy between Senators
Ralph Flanders and Joseph
Mccarthy during the debate
on confirmation of Paul Hoff-
man as a member of the
United States delegation to
the United Nations believe the
Republican high command is
trying to patch up differences
with the Wisconsin stormy
petrol.
This feeling is further en-
HANGED by the positive answers
of the senior Senator and
chairman of the Policy Com
mittee. Styles Bridges, at a
televised quiz by Washington
newspapermen.
Last Thursday, before Sena-
tor Mccarthy began to har-
pooh. Mr.. Hoffman, Senator
Flanders-who preferred the
charges of unethical conduct
against his Wisconsin COL
league which lead to Senate
condemnation of Senator Nc
Carthy two years ago sur
prised his fellow Senators by
saying in an extemporaneous
speech supporting Mr.. Hoff-
man:
II love and admire the jun
ior Senator from Wisconsin.
I am full of sorrow that the
unfortunate matter (the cen
sure proceedings and the con-
domination vote) should have
been brought about"
And after admitting that
Mr.. Hoffman had contributed
about $1,000 to the Committee
for a More Effective Congress
as legal fees for the lawyers
who prepared Senator Elan
ders' bill of particulars against
Senator Mccarthy, the Ver-
monter added:
"ThoSe days are now gone
and insofar as I am concerned.
they are as if they had never
existed"
Political dopeSters connect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Republican High Command Trying
To Patch Differences With Senator

this unexpected dramatic state
ment of Senator Flanders from
the Senate floor with Senator
Bridges answers last Wednes-
day to reporters questions on
Press Conference" a recently
started television program.
Replying to questions as to
whether it was appropriate for
Republican candidates to in
vite Senator Mccarthy to
speak for them during the
campaign in view of his breach
with the administration, Sena-
tor Bridges replied that Sena-
tor Mccarthy will support the
full administration ticket and
could do much good in a num-
Der of areas throughout the
country.
The chairman of the Policy
Committee of the Senate
never speaks out of turn and
is able to dodge any embar-
RAISING questions. He is very
close to the White House. To-
gether with Senator William
Knowland he sees President
Eisenhower every week.
His quick and unequivocal
statement about Senator Nc
Carthy's possible role in the
campaign was regarded, par
ticularly after Senator Flan-
ders' oblique apology to Mr..
Mccarthy, as an indication
that strategists at least in the
Republican National Commit
tee had put in their oars in
an endeavor to patch up diff
ferenceS at least temporarily,
with the man from Wisconsin.
Despite President Eisenhow-
er's enormous popularity. &C
cording to off -the-record ad-
missions from leaders, the
Republican Party faces stiff
competition. particularly in it's
efforts to control the Senate
and House. Not only can the
Republicans not afford to lose
a single Senate seat but they
have to wrench at least two
from the Democrats in Novem-
Der. For this purpose they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Reconciliation With Mccarthy

need strong party unity and
must gather to the fold all
lambs who have strayed.
Although several severe
slappingS by the administra-
ton and the condemnation by
the Senate two years ago have
damaged Senator McCarthy's
influence, he still has a con-
siderable following in a num-
Der of States. The Republicans
cannot afford to take a chance
at losing them if President
Eisenhower is to have a Re-
publican Congress-even by a
small margin.
Unofficial and unpublished
estimates of how Senator Nc
Carthy stands at present with
the electorate indicate he still
has some " million followers.
This figure is small compared
with his political drawing pow
er in the 1852 election when
the Republicans made Com
munism in Government" an
important'iSSue And while this
issue may be swept under the
rug by the Republican high
command in the present CAM
paign, the Mccarthy faithfuls
cannot be ignored.
Professionals in the CAM
paign committees do not want
to take a chance with these
electors who are registered in
both parties, but voted the
Republican ticket in 1852 be-
cause of their pro-McCarthy.
ism.
AS a matter of fact there
have been number of under
cover attempts in the last few
months to bring about even a
superficial reconciliation be-
tween Senator Mccarthy and
the White House. These were
unsuccessful. But Senator
Flanders pacifying words and
Senator Bridges unqualified
reply to reporters lend cred
ence to the reports that at
least tacit reconciliation Of
administration forces and Sem
ator Mccarthy is now in the
making.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Soviet BIoc's Invisible Taxation

tenn depends upon their active
cooperation. They are its
Achilles heel, and the Soviet
masters know it. Furthermore,
the workers. in many local in
stances. have the sympathy Of
their Communist managers,
not all Of whom relish being
Simon Legrees.
None of this helps toward
effective disarmament or real
international peace. In fact,
whenever open revolts occur,
the Soviets let loose a barrage
of vituperation against "West-
ern provocateurs" and tensions
deepen.
But it does help to explain
why both sides are concluding
that no military establishment
can have everything.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Vests Withdrawal of Offer to Aid Egypt
On Aswon Dam Calls Russio's Bluff

first member of the United
Nations to recognize Red
China's regime since February,
1851. when the U. N. de-
nounced Red China as an ag-
gressor in the Korean War.
Unfortunately many mis-
guided persons in this country
either for partisan reasons or.
because of mischievous efforts
to hurt the prestige abroad Of
their own Government. have
extoiled Nehru and Nasser and
have severely criticized West
ern statesmen for turning a
cold shoulder toward them.
The Communist-inspired in
trigue to play the West of
against the Kremlin has been
palpable.
If ever there was a time
for unity and for whole
hearted support of the policies
of the British and American
Government it is now when
a showdown policy that un-
doubtedly has the overwhelm-
ing approval of the American
people is being projected.
For the Nation as a whole
is critical of "give-aways" and
the use of the money of Ameri-
can taxpayers for "boondog-
giles" in foreign lands. The
United States is willing to boil
ster defenseS against commu-
nism and to strengthen the
economic situation in countries
allied with or at least friendly
to us but it hasn't been i'm
pressed by the behavior Of
MessrS. Nehru, Nasser and
Tito.
These three leaders have
been collaborating with the
Communists and have been
reiterating their own form of
'neutraliSm" = as if the ac-
tivities of the gangsters are as
acceptable as the funds of the
free nations. Vice President
Nixon IN his Manila speech
put it this way:
How can we feel toward
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Adai Stevenson says there's leadership in the White
House We're pretty foolish to drift along rudderes when
good Democrat could be steering into character
building crisis.
DR.. Paul Dudley White Kes medical specialist will visit
Moscow. Khrushchev thinking Of becoming candidate
and hopes Doc White him few helpful ailments
Rock n roll is what's left of swing after taxes
These $100-a-plate political dinners would make
money they let everybody in ireland charged 5000
get out before the speaking starts
Republicans say that Democrats tell only half the story
when they claim the country going under Eisenhower
The pot the Republicans, has two chickens in it,
Women that who steady and reliable deserves
nothing but praiseand that's about all they give
Massachusetts, Democrats boom Kennedy Vice
President Since Kennedy willing suspicious At
only SO years Of why this sudden lack of ambition?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
DAVID LAWRENCE

The turn in the cold war"
has come. The United States
and Great Britain have served
notice that they will no longer
allow themselves to be pushed
around. They are standing to-
gether firmly against the most
insidiouS campaign of infil-
tration that has ever menaced
free governments.
The American-BritiSh with
drawal of the offer of funds to
finance the $1.3 billion Aswan
Dam in Egypt is a sign of the
change in the times. The
widely spread fear and threat
that if America and the West
ern countries didn't come
through with funds to the So
called neutral" or "uncom-
mitted" nations everything
would be lost, has been a
DOGGY for a long time. But now
the diplomacy of the United
States and Britain has called
the bluff in this strategy.
For many months it has
been argued inside the Lon
don and Washington govern
mentS that the SovietS couldn't
fulfill all the promises they
were making and that a
dramatic exposure of their
spurious offers was needed. IN
formed officials here think
Soviet Russia now will retreat.
For the internal troubles of
the Communists will prevent
them from taking the risk of
pouring out billions of rubles
in political effort to rival the
West.
1t was opportune for the
United States and Britain to
make clear their position
that firmness in the whole
Middle East and Arab situa-
ton would henceforth take
the place of wobbly defeatism.
NaSser, moreover, has been
stirring up hostility toward the
West in the Arab world. He
recently put the Egyptian
government on record as the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Recent Poznon Riots Called Protests
Against Hidden Levies on Workers Paw

The United Nations Disarm-
ament Commission, after two
weeks of open debate, adj
journed on July is without
substantial progress, referring
its disagreements to a contin-
uing five-nation subcommit-
tee.
Certain concessions were
made by the United States.
The American delegate, Henry
Cabot Lodge, jr., withdrew in
slStence on acceptance of
President Eisenhower's open
Skies" plan as a precondition
for other disarmament steps,
and waived the proposal that
Il accepted it must be applied
from the outset to all Soviet
territory. The Soviets, how
ever, continued to reject it in
toto.
The United States repeated
its willingness to freeze ther-
monuclear weapon stockpiles
at their present level provided
aerial reconnaissance were &C
cepted. The SovietS, rejecting
this. shifted their emphasis to
prohibition of their use, rather
than prohibition of their pos
session.
But there was agreement
that the manpower level of
ornaments should be reduced.
1t would, therefore, appear
that the two opposing blocs
are thinking, as far as mill
tary matters go, in similar
terms, and that the debate
within the American services,
highlighted by Admiral Rad
ford's memorandum, had al
ready occurred unpublished
in the Soviet Union, resulting
in the release of is million
men. out of which the Soviets
made a great propaganda
scoop.
1t would seem therefore that
both sides contemplate that a
great war would be conducted,
not by conventional armies,
but with thermonuclear weap-
ons; in which the race has not
been halted or reduced at all.
In reducing manpower (by
such calculations in oversup-
ply. each side recognizes its
economic and financial limita-
tions.
The cost of a competitive
thermometer arsenal is as
Economical. Added to an enor-
nous conventional military
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
New Incidents Laid
To Syriu by Israel

JERUSALEM, July % (F).-An
Israeli spokesman charged that
infiltrators penetrated the court
yard of an Israeli collective set
Element west Of Jerusalem today.
tossed a hand grenade into a
children's house and fired on a
bus.
No casualties were reported.
The spokesman also charged
that Syrians machine-gunned
laborers near the SYRIAN Israeli
border in Upper Galilee. An
Israeli patrol returned the fire,
but no one was hurt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-29
Workday Pin-Up

WTHEN THE SUN filings its first rays the Atlantic,
w the rosy light bathes the lucky 15OOodd inhabitants
of Lubec Maine Lubec Is the eaSternmoSt point right
from Campobelo Island the Grand Manan
Channel But Pin-Up Shirley Ann Myers left all that
for Navy job in Washington and she likes 1t here.
Born 81 years ago in Lubec Shirley Ann went to high
school there and then HuSson College at Bangor where
graduated diploma in secretarial science
Right away she to Washington and is Pentagon
secretary the Public Information Division Of the Nays
Office of Information.
She meets lot Of important people in her job and
plans In her field After work she home
1925 NV where she lives with another girl.
and practices cooking She also collects records, mostly
progressive Jazz mambo Beach outings hikes swS
picnics high her recreation list and she loves
to dance She's 5-foot-one, blueeyed and weighs 1O2
Shirley, who left two younger sisters in Lubec was
active the She headed for New York
and then to the vacation this The boy
friend is in service in Hawaii QUENTIN L. MOTT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-29

II place Of business has girl think should
represented this SERIES send clear picture Of her.
together with letter telling who she is and where she
works. to: Pin-Up Editor, The Sunday Star Magazine.
Eleventh street and Pennsylvania avenue NV, wash
ingt0n 4.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-30
By GEoRGE FLYNN

OF the great many things
that comprise that catch-all,
americana" none seems to
nave a stranger-nor wider
appeal than those stole blocks,
the wooden Indians.
Comparatively few persons
actually recall the days when
the Indians were perched OUT
side tobacco shops. Yet the
figures inspire a nostalgia for
yesteryear, more particularly
the Victorian era when the
tribe hit its peak Of popularity.
Thus. it was no surprise last
April that the auction Of the
Nations biggest collection Of
cigar-store Indians drew a rec
ord crowd to the Parke-Bern
Galleries in New York.
The collection was that Of
the late Rudolph F. Haffen-
ref1er OF Providence, r. J., who
amassed a fortune in brewery
operation and collected the In
dams as a hobby.
Once Sought Here
For many years, it was
hoped by museum officials here
in Washington that some of
the figures would be donated
to their galleries by Mr.. Haf-
fenreffer.
Instead. the figures were
turned over to a charitable
foundation, which put them
UP for auction. /. The tribe
brought 54.700, an average of
almost $3.50 a figure.
Most Of them went to pri-
vate buyers. but the public
will have a chance to see IL
Of the best Of the troupe in
an exhibit at the Virginia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-30
ANTIQUES ALMANAC
Folk Art Figures
To Be Exhibited

Museum Of Fine Arts from
october S through November
IL.
The museum announced the
gift of the IL for its permanent
collection as coming from an
anonymous benefactor." APP
parently a Richmond tobacco
baron.
Four of the figures are in
the classic tradition-Indian
chiefs in full regalia clutching
a bundle Of cigars. Three
others are squaws,
Work Of MeIchers
One of the squaws, 1.-THE
Princess Of the Ottawas," was
carved by the most famous
creator Of wooden Indians,
the sculptor Julius Theodore
Melchers. a well-known artist
whose religious sculpture still
adorns hundreds of American
churches. He was the father
of the Virginia famous paint
err, Gair Melchers.
Also in the group are some
Of the extravagant variations
of the wooden Indian theme
a pair of Turks, a Victorian
Gentleman of Fashion" and
a belle of the Nineties.
These garish figures
speeded up the transition Of
the Indians from an advertis-
ing device to a piece Of folk
art.
Individuality in carving dis
appeared when mass produc-
ton invaded the field, in the
form of cast metal figures,
leaving the true wooden In
dian to wander in the happy
hunting ground Of the eager
collector.