davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12
Suez BIhz Without Wurninq Possible

in Britain to any use of force
In the Suez crisis. Parliament
has been summoned to meet in
special session to deal with the
problem, and the Labor and
Liberal parties of the oppose
ton viii make the most Of
their challenge to the cabinet
Of Sir Anthony Eden.
Opposition to punitive ac-
ton in France is apparently
very minor. The French have
been hiding their time for a
crack at Nasser. Egyptian
propaganda. arms, money and
technical aid have been too
long and too freely provided to
nationalist rebels in French
North Africa. in Morocco. Tu-
nisla. and most of all, Algeria.
There are 100000 French
troops in Algeria today, st-
tempting at great cost to SUBJ
due a determined nationalist
revolt. France is champing at
the bit to move against Nasser,
in part at least in an effort
to restore the sadly damaged
prestige Of that natter. r-.-
tered ard broken after the
Indo-China debacle.
An immediate result Of
armed attack on Egypt will be-
open warfare In Israel, where
the Arab states will grab the
opportunity they have so long
awaited. Oil pipelines in Iraq,
Lebanon. and even from Saudi
Arabia will be cut of. perhaps
destroyed. King Saud is re-
ported as having already given
warning that he will halt the
flow of oil from that king
dom's rich wells If the attack
on Egypt comes.
And Soviet propaganda will go
on double-time basis. The !.
Reds will tell the former colo
NAL areas thav the colonial
powers have not changed their
habits. Neutral India, Indo-
nesia, Burma. and Ceylon will
be further alienated from the
West.
But the political leadership
in Britain and France is deter.
mined that Nasser. whom they
look upon as a bandit, must be
punished.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12

ing Endorsement Of its DEM
ocratic Governor, at least one
Democratic House seat gained
and possibly two and an i'm
portant increase of strength
in the State Legislature.
Reliable sources say that a
very heavy independent regis
tration, including many new
voters. is responsible for this
break with Names past. This
is another aspect COP. plan
ners must examine.
Vice President Richard NJ.
Nixon has announced a heavy
speaking schedule designed to
whip up interest in the cleo
ton. 1t has been commonly
said that the voters are pres
emily apathetic.
With almost a record vote.
Maine says this is not so. and
that the net favors the Demo-
Gratis.
Other election factors cited
by the Maine experts are:
l. Gov. Edmund S. Muskie
has been a good manager of
the States affairs, but has
done nothing startling. and
has done it very well.
2. Democrats organized their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12
Legality of Egypts Action Seems UncIeor
Even to White House and State Department

But it is not partisan politi-
cal question.
Now, a leading article in the
Swiss Review of World Affairs
of September, a publication
Justly reputed for objectivity
and accuracy. categorically
states that in the case Of Is
rael the convention has been
violated-it would seem not
only by Egypt but by the Suez
Canal Company.
The convention provides,
says the Swiss publication,
that the canal always, in war
as in peace, must be kept open
to all merchant and naval
ships Of whatever nationality
including those of belligerents.
In the canal zone and within
three miles of its entrance. no
military operation may be I'M
dertaken. not even by Egypt
should it be at war itself.
The article argues further
that prior to naturalization
without previous notice or
negotiationD the canals legal
owner was the Suez Canal COM
pany, domiciled in Egypt but
with its organization based on
French law. whereby the court
Of appeal in Paris is the last
resort in case of conflict be-
tween Egypt and the company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12

The crux OF the Suez Canal
issue. it seems to me, is not
whether the canal should be
operated by Egypt alone. or by
an international commission.
or by Egypt and an interna-
tional supervisory group. but
what guarantees can be
Created by enforcing what
ever international law a new
situation may create.
In the present crisis polit-
ical issues have relegated legal
aspects to the background. In
deed. the legality or illegality
Of Egypt's actions seems to
have been unclear even to the
White House and the State
Department.
Egypt has verbally accepted
the responsibilities entailed by
the Convention Of 1888. which,
of course. forbid operating the
canal for the political or COM
mercial advantage or disad-
vantage of any particular
state. Egypt herself included.
Egypt has rejected control
by an international commits
sion as infringing Egypt's
sovereignty. But If the pro-
visions Of the convention are
nevertheless to be maintained,
Egypt must actually accept
limitations on her sovereign
right to do anything she
pleases with the canal.
The question arises whether
in the immediate past and
present the canal has actually
been operated in conformity
with the convention.
Egypt has claimed that un-
der the 1888 agreement free
transit "in peace or war" does
not apply when Egypt herself
is a belligerent as she claims
70 be in the unconcluded war
with Israel. This agreement is
either legally correct or 1t is
not. So unprecisely have the
legal aspects been aired that
this eolumnist. in a recent
article. accepted the Egyptian
argument and was CHALLENGED
only By supporters OF Israel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12
Democrats Got Out St0y-0t-Home Vote,
Analysis of Election Figures Shows

ernor polled this time less
than half. The Democratic
nominee, on the other hand.
must have received not only
the 100000 Democratic votes
but $1,000 out of the "in-
dependent" column or from the
stay-at-home voters Of other
years for him to get a total
of 181, 900 notes.-the highest
ever polled in Maine by any
candidate of either party for
Governor.
1t would be easy to say that
all this was due to Gov.
Muskie's great popularity and
that his slogan zone good
term deserves another" ac-
counted for the result, but
that's an argument the Repub-
licanS are making nationally
that Ike is popular and that
lone good term deserves an
other"
This argument. moreover,
does not account for the way
the congressional races devel-
oped. For in the three con-
gressional districts the same
apathy by Republicans is
noticeable. whereas there was
a considerable increase in vot-
ing strength on the Democratic
side.
Thus, in the LIST congress
sional district, which was
close, the two candidates had
about $4,000 votes each. The
Republican vote in 1852 was
56,239 and in 1854 it was
47,327. So it is apparent that
the Republican nominee this
time picked up nearly a couple
Of thousand votes over and
above the 1852 total, and
nearly 1000 over his 1854
count. But, meanwhile, the
Democratic nominee went
from 35,078 in 1852 to 43.561
in 1854 and now to $4,000.
Where did these extra Demo-
cratic votes come from except
from Democrats or Republicans
or independents" who chose
not to vote in either 1852 or
1854?
In the I'd congressional
district the story is the same.
The Republican, James L.
Reid, got about 48,700 this
time, which is larger than the
45.819 Republican vote in 1854,
whereas the successful Demo-
cratic nominee, Frank M. Cof-
fin. pushed the Democratic
totals up from 39,075 in 1854
TO about $500 in this years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12

agreements, and conventions,
rights are concrete and care
fully defined. together with
concrete procedures for adju-
dicating differences of inter-
probation.
If international contracts.
establishing specific and con-
crete rights and obligations,
can be unilaterally abrogated
and their conditions unilater-
ally interpreted; and if there
is no court in the world whose
Judgment must be accepted,
then force becomes the only
appeal against total interna-
tional anarchy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-12
CAB Aide Quits
In Stock Row
By the Associated Press

The Civil Aeronautics Board
today unanimously voted to fire
Albert H. Ruppar, a CAB trial
attorney. for knowingly violat-
ing" a rule against CAB en-
Iployes holding or buying air COM
pany stocks. Mr.. Ruppar him
self, however, said he had al
ready resigned and couldn't be
fired.
Mr.. Ruppar's case stemmed
from a probe of a premature
leak" of official information
which sent Northeast Airlines
stock prices soaring last month.
The CAB said Mr.. Ruppar,
IA $10,065-a-year attorney with
the CABS Bureau Of Air Oper-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Dangerous Road

My name Is Richard Mudd
and I am in the second year
at Gonzaga High School. A
few nights ago / witnessed the
consequences Of a terrible ac-
cident. A man was driving
his car down the road on
which I live. He collided with
two girls who were riding on
a horse. / do not know how
serious the injuries were, but
they easily could have been
fatal. The accident occurred
on Wheeler road in Prince
Georges County, Maryland. In
my opinion this serious acci-
dent could have been avoided
if something had been done
about the road on which it
occurred. This road is dam
gerous, and something should
be done about it. 1t seems
there is serious accident on
Wheeler road every few weeks.
This is a heavily Travelled
road, and it would seem, in
view of all the talk about
safety. that some definite steps
would be taken to make such
roads safe. Wheeler road is
very narrow and as long as it
remains in its present bad
condition many more accidents
can be anticipated.
Richard M. Mudd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Gruenther's Worninu

In one OF MS last comments as
Supreme Allied Commander in Europe,
General Alfred M. Gruenther has issued
a stern and timely warning that should
be weighed we'll by the men of the Krem-
lin. In effect, while not suggesting that
Mr. Khrushchev and company are bent
on unleashing major war, he has adj
moniShed them to remember that any
attack by them on the West, far from
SCATTERING the North Atlantic Treaty Or
ganization, will result in instant retalia-
ton "as day follows night, and the Soviet
Union will be destroyed"
General Gruenther, one of our Army's
most level-headed and most brilliant
commanders, is not man who uses
words loosely or carelessly. What he has
just said, therefore, ought to have some
SOLDERING influence on Russia's collective
leaders" should they be tempted to think,
by any chance, that sudden assault
against the West would bring them rich
and decisive dividends AS he has put 1t,
If they pushed the button in that sense,
they would be doing a suicidal thing both
to themselves and to Russia, and since
he apparently regards them as sane men,
he has indicated feeling of confidence
that they will be prudent enough not to
do so.
In any event, If he suspected other
wise, or If our Government did, 1t is
doubtful that he would be leaving NATO
now to become president of the American
Red Cross. But whatever may be the
Kremlin's true intentions, whatever the
coming days may bring, his command
will pass into good and highly competent
hands next week when General Lauris
Norstad replaces him as the top military
leader of the Atlantic alliance. Within
recent weeks, that alliance has been
shaken by the go-it-alone Anglo-French
adventure against Egypt, but there is
solid ground for the hope that it will be-
come fully effective again. General Nor
stad, one of our best Air Force officers,
can be counted upon to work tirelessly
to that end.
AS for General Gruenther, President
Eisenhower has not exaggerated in de-
scribing him not merely as my great
friend" but also as "an extraordinarily
able administrator and diplomat" A big
debt is owing to him for the distinguished
service he has rendered. Happily, al
though he is about to retire from the
Army, he will be anything but inactive.
Still in the prime Of hfe, he will give the
Red Cross excellent leadership, and he
and his exceptional talents will be avail
able, II need be, for some even higher
post in the future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14

a peculiar vivid, light blue
glow, resembling the phospho-
resent emission of modern
neon lighting tubes. The col
umn gradually became more
and more tortuous and emitted
more phosphprescence, which
concentrated in different seq
ments. so that the train gave
the impression of developing
knotty chickering's within it
SELF. The place of strongest
glow sometimes changed in
such way that a kind Of
pulsation traversed the column
from bottom to top. These pull
sations continued until defor-
nation had so far progressed
that a small cloud became de-
tached and moved away. Then
the pulsation ceased. Hence
forth the neon-like glow was
confined to the terminal cloud
and to two of the knots in the
middle of the train, which was
perhaps the region where the
glow had its maximum bright
ness.
"As astronomical twilight
approached the train disinte-
grated gradually. its individual
segments fitting away from
alignment and forming them
selves, tile-like, one upon the
other. The small terminal
cloud was the first to change
color as sunset advanced, be-
coming orange. The segments
of the column followed. The
neon-like glow ceased, and the
color turned quickly to yell
low, to orange to red. A few
seconds later. touched by the
mounting earth shadow, the
segment took on a silvery gray
aspect, and soon became in
visible against the background
of the stars"
Photographs Taken
DR.. Heybrock was able to
take five successive photo
graphs of the meteor train
over an interval Of II minutes,
showing its drift and change
of shape. He estimates the ale
titude as as kilometers above
the earth and it's speed as
about 80 meters a second. This
would be about the speed with
which it might be blown along
by winds reported in the ex-
treme upper atmosphere.
The neon-like glow is not
explained. 1t could hardly have
resulted from the self -lumi-
Mostly of the object, the OBJ
server reports. He believes it
is more likely to have been due
to sunlight reflected from ex-
tremely fine particles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Internal Affair?

Inc curt n0Ce from HungaryS new
Communist bosses, rejecting a request
for permission to send United Nations
observers into that torn and bleeding
country, says in effect that the ruthless
slaughter along the Danube is purely an
internal affair.
Perhaps it iS-in a strict legalistic
sense. For it was a Hungarian govern
ment which asked the Russian troops to
come in, although they doubtless would
have come without invitation, and it is
another Hungarian government which
spreads the transparent lie that the
murder of thousands of HungaryS people
conforms to "the principles of human
ity." In these circumstances, in this
lamentable state of affairs in which
government connives in the wanton kill
ing of its own people, there is no direct
action which the U. NJ, under its Char
ter, can take.
But if the u N. is barred from direct
action by the terms of its Charter, or;
to approach the matter more realistically,
by the power of the Red army which
now occupies Hungary, it is not fore
closed from holding up before the world
clear picture of the monStrouS crime
against humanity which has been COM
mitted. And this, we take it, is the pur-
pose of the vote to place the Hungarian
situation on the agenda of the General
Assembly.
The facts of this terrible crime,
coming just one decade after Russia
Joined in the Nuremberg judgments, are
beyond dispute. The proof is massive
and overwhelming A people aspiring to
freedom have been crushed with saw
agery which equals If it does not surpass
the vicious crimes of Hitler and his Nazi
aides. If Russia wants to plead that she
could not do otherwise-that she cannot,
that she dares not, tolerate any freedom
anywhere in her satellite empire she
may do so. But she should not be al
lowed to escape the moral condemnation
OF the civilized world for the crime she
has committed in Hungary.
This the U. N. can and should bring
about. But it should not pretend to
more than it is capable of doing. 1t is
futile to demand the withdrawal of
Soviet troops. 1t is idle to call for free
elections in Hungary under U. N. aus
pieces. Several days ago Josef Cardinal
Mindzenty appealed for faction now
not for more "voting and oratory" But
action now, in the sense in which he
used the phrase. would carry with it
high probability of total war, and this
is risk which the U. N is not going to
accept. Unhappily, the best that it can
do, in world in which force still reignS
as the final arbiter, is to make certain
that the Hungarian atrocity is not
palmed off by the Communists as an
internal affair, and then forgotten.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Suez and Hungary

Our press and our Govern
ment have for the most part
shown an understandable re-
luctance to look the Hungarian
and Polish situations in the
face. Both have gone "all out"
on the Suez situation, using it,
/ suspect. as a cover-up and a
safety valve.
There are thunderings Of
self-riehteous indign a ton
against Israel, Britain and
France for doing what they
should have done long agoI
While thousands Of Hun.
garians are dying for liberty
and Christianity. it is found
more convenient to criticize
our real allies and little Israel
who have patiently waited over
eight years before calling the
bluff Of the would-be dictator
of the Mohammedan world.
Clarkson j. BealI.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Service Through Example

Many children and their families
will benefit directly from establishment
of the child guidance clinic as part Of
the Jewish Social Service Agency. In
larger sense, however, the clinic should
be able to render a great service to this
community as a whole through demon
STATIONS Of what might be accomplished,
given the means and the personnel, on
a much larger scale. We congratulate
those whose patient and persuasive
efforts brought about formation Of the
clinic, and the So private citizens whose
generosity has made possible its financ-
ing for the next three years.
Two surveys Of health needs in the
Metropolitan Area have called attention
TO the large number Of children in
urgent need Of mental treatment. -Four
existing pSychiatric clinics have devoted
major efforts at diagnosis, but facilities
for treatment are limited-greatly ex-
eeeded BY waiting lists. Growing pres
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Would Free Pound

j. c. La Driere has given
Star readers a much-needed
reminder on the case Of Ezra
Pound. Many Americans have
never been told that for 40
years Of more Mr.. Pound has
been working on the best
young poets Of two continents,
giving his time and talents in
table-talks, lectures and letters.
waking them TO the meaning Of
artistic dedication, hammering
at them to keep them from go
ing fiabby in mind. and prais-
ing and encouraging them to
keep them from losing heart.
Word Of his work as creative
gadfly would have won him
the respect Of wise men who
knew Of him. even If he'd never
written any poetry of his own.
Because Of his international
reputation for personal worth
and steadiness OF mind and
heart, people who knew him
feel that the only reason he
is being held In st. Elizabeths
is to discredit his criticism Of
some aspects Of American life
and politics. We in America
are more likely to lay the blame
on institutional inertia. the
unwillingness Of small minds
TO rectify an injustice. Mr..
Pound was not tried for trea-
son. and he obviously is not
mad. So why not free him?
The friends OF America all
over the world. whenever the
question comes up. have TO
give up or try TO apologize for
an America they know Is inn
perfect. II Mr.. Pound we're
freed now, Americas friends
could at least hold up their
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14

sure is being brought on the city to
provide this treatment, but there are
other needs which receive budget pri-
GRITTY. If the newly established clinic at
the Jewish Social Service Agency can
succeed in attracting public attention to
genuine accomplishment in a relatively
unexplored field of public health, estab-
lishment of more public clinics, offering
mental health treatment for children,
would naturally follow
The clinic will offer its services to
those who need them regardless of race or
creed. It's close association with an
agency which has catered to other forms
of distress in families should expand the
benefits of its specialized treatment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
Zonind-Phose |

The first, and in some ways most
important, phase of the Districts coming
revision effort has ended with submission
OF conSultant Harold Lewis final recon-
mendationS to the Commissioners
The Importance of what has hap
pened thus far is not seen in decisions,
for no decisions have yet been made.
The essential thing Mr. Lewis has done
Is to awaken broad interest in the COM
pick revision and to raise precise issues
In the form of results that new coming
should accomplish. The controversy he
has stimulated will be difficult to resolve,
but public apathy would have been worse.
Washington property owners, mean
while, Will have at least six months to
decide whether they agree or disagree
with Mr.. Lewis findings. The consult
ants final report modifieS substantially
the degree of new land-use controls he
proposed last spring. But, as a whole, it
still reflects concepts of city development
which drew bitter criticism from some
elements of the business community.
In early February, printed copies of
the report will be publicly distributed.
Next May or June, the District Zoning
Commission will hold public hearings
the forum which will largely determine
changes to be made in the Lewis pro-
posalS before they are considered for
adoption. Chairman Thomas j. Groom
OF the Citizens Zoning Advisory Commit
tee already has ordered an analysis of
the new report by his group. Other or
ganizations should follow suit in Feb
ruary, for coming revision is one of the
rare instances in which citizens have an
opportunity to decide in advance the
kind of city they want for the future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-14
The u. N. and Peipino

Apart from the Hungarian and
Middle East crises, the 18th regular ses-
sion of the United Nations General AS
sembly has on its agenda no fewer than
70 issues, including the perennial one of
whether or not to seat Red China as a
member.
The fundamentals of this issue have
not changed during the past year. Any
applicant for membership in the U. N.
is supposed to show evidence that it is
peace loving" but Peiping cannot do so.
On the contrary, besides having failed
to purge itself of its criminal aggression
in Korea, it still persists in maintaining
a belligerent attitude, one of the many
examples of which can be found in its
enrolment of Chinese volunteers" for
the alleged purpose of helping Egypt-a
move that serves only to aggravate inter-
national tension in connection with the
Middle East.
Nevertheless, the Soviet bloc, India
and a number of other supporters of Red
China's application argue that Peiping
Is In effective control of the Chinese
mainland and is truly representative of
the Chinese people. But it may well be
that the latter, if given genuinely free
election, would much prefer to live under
the Nationalist government, which now
represents China in the U. N. Accordingly,
considering these factors, together with
many more that can be cited, it seems
hardly conceivable that the General AS
Sembly will vote in favor of shifting to
the Communists the membership creden-
tials that the Nationalist have held ever
since the U. MS founding.
OF course, this issue is likely to set
on hot debate, but the Assembly
Judging from all present Indications
will continue. for another year at least,
to deny admittance to Red China. That
done, the U. N. will then be able, in this
most trying of its sessions to date, to
concentrate on the fateful work before
It, which is primarily work to save our
own and succeeding generations from
the scourge of war"