davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

President Eisenhower who has said that his second
decision would be based how he felt than on what his
doctors said seemed to be feeling pretty well last week.
In fact, practically everyone was willing to bet Mr.
Esenhower's mind made up to go for another term
The President obviously purposefuy and deliberately
putting his endurance and stamina the test during
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
Economic

From the long-range viewpoint.
perhaps the most important de-
velopment Of the past week was
President Eisenhower's announce
ment from Townsville, that the
Omitted States was making avail
able. for sale or lease some $4,000
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
BY JAMES G. DEANE

Washington parents last week
were told by Counsel william E.
Gerber of the special House school
investigating subcommittee that
the Capitals integEeted public
school system is a disgrace to the
Nation" and that white children
have been thrown to the wolves"
Mr.. Gerber made his statement
shortly after returning to his home
in segregated Memphis, Tenn,
after nine days of public hearings
during which he questioned SO
handpicked witnesses about inte-
grafton problems.
The testimony confirmed the
existence of problems. but review
of the hearing record, now in
printers proofs. does not reveal the
basis for Mr.. Gerber's blast.
There is on the other hand, sub
stantial testimony in the record on
the success Washington's school
children and working teach
ers have made in a difficult transit
ton. For example:
. DR.. Carl F. Hansen. assistant
school superintendent. called the
citys two-year-old integration ex-
perience an unprecedented miracle
of social adjustment.
. Numerous teachers and princi-
pals said their initial problems were
many and sometimes trying, but
they were getting them in hand.
. The chief teaching supervisor
of the elementary schools said she
was shocked" by the deprived"
status of many Negro children, but
that she didn't think white children
from good homes had. been hurt by
the reorganization that revealed it.
. And School Supt. Hobart NJ
Corning, fatty denying an assertion
by Mr.. Gerber that the schools
were lin mess" said he was sure
the most pressing problem-the
need to speed many Negro pupils
in their classroom achievement
could be solved reasonably soon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
OUR PROBLEMS ARE VAST
Pokiston's New Government Changes
Foreign Policy, Promises Democracy

that democracy based on right
principles can never fail"
Not only that, this triumvirate
of outstanding democrats is also a
guarantee that the cooperative
projects and alliances between
Pakistan and the Free World will
be further strengthened.
To quote Prime Minister Sub
rawardy again: Our problems are
vast and complex. To those people
OF the world who are helping us
solve them, I pay my tribute of
thanks. / would refuse to accept
any help. assistance or favors, I'M
less can repay them, at least by
goodwill and genuinely entertain
ing those generous and honorable
sentiments of gratitude which de-
cency and moral values dictate.
would go far afield to seek knowl-
edge and advice. I must confess
that am in hurry and impatient"
Hos Vast Problems
His impotence arises from a real
ization Of the vastness Of the prob
lens Of development and OF the
persistent demand TO solve them
forthwith.
The new government is ready TO
go to the ends Of the world TO seek
knowledge and assistance to build
Pakistan as stable democracy and
an invulnerable post Of the collec-
tive strategy for peace and progress.
With her per-capita income Of a
meager $40 as against 81 ISL in the
United States, Pakistan has to go a
long way 10 be really worthwhile
ally Of the Free World.
With Mr.. Suhrawardy coming TO
power. new leaf turns in the pat
tern Of Pakistans development. The
era Of Civil Service domination is
happily gone. for with all the tidy
and massive thinking Of bureau
crazy, good government can never
be substitute for popular govern
ment. The last Civil Service Prime
Minister, Mr.. Mohammed Ali mot
the present Ambassador in Wash
ingtonl, was perhaps the ablest
hand at the job. but Mr.. Suhraw-
ardy brings TO the Office some much
needed political finesse and subtlety,
known capacity for creative COM
promise in world affairs. and a ire
mendous popularity with the masses
ESPECIALLY Of East Plkistan).
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07

M. Sheikh, Pokistoni writer and editor.
has been close observer OF Pokiston's
political scene ond is personally &C.
quointed with Mr.. Suhrowordy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
DOES DISTRICT
NEED A CURFEW?

Should Washington have a
curfew for it's young people?
Inspector John E. Winters, chief
of the Police Departments Youth
Aid Division. has been exploring
the possibilities of a modified
curfew lava ban on youngsters
lettering on the streets at late
hours. But he hasn't come up with
the answer yet.
In Washington both the Juve-
nile Court Act and the disorderly
conduct statute give police some
authority to pick up youngsters
who habitually are on the streets
at late hours. I'VE may have ade-
quate laws already" Inspector
Winters sums up. But we're
going further into the possibility
of a lettering law to see if it's
needed and could be enforced"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
By IMADUDDIN A. SHEIKH

A little over three weeks ago, a
revolution-not in the sense OF a
coup d'etat, but in the sense of radi-
cal political change-hit the govern
ment Of Pakistan. However, because
of world concentration on the Suez
crisis this portentouS change in the
Free Worlds hitherto most de-
pendable ally in Southeast Asia
occasioned little notice.
On September IL, the leader of
the opposition. the Pakistan Par
liament's minority leader Huseyn
Shaheed Suhrawardy, became Prime
Minister with puny following of
Is in the House of 80. Was this in
keeping with the processes Of parli-
amentary democracy? Was it in
keeping with the scrupulously main
tained convention OF having the
country's two highest offices-the
presidency and the prime min
istership-divided between an East
Pakistani and West Pakistani?
The answer would be a mixed
one, for both President Iskandet
Mira and Premier Suhrawardy are
East Pakistanis and the Republican
Majority group willingly climbed
down in playing the second fiddle
TO Mr.. Suhrawardy's exclusively
East Pakistani minority group. so
as to give that Eastern problem
province chance to rule Pakistan
from Karachi.
The technical rules OF this busi-
ness had been deliberately trans
cended, for it was realized both by
the vigilant and astute President
and West Pakistans effective politi-
cal leadership that the fast deter
iorating political and economic con-
ditions in both the wings--most
OF all in East Pakistan-demande
accepting the pugnacious and
sharp-witted trouble-shooter sub
rawardy as perhaps the last resort.
And by this negative process OF
elimination OF personalities and
prejudice. Mr.. Suhrawardy became
Pakistan's Prime Minister.
Reject Suez Plan
The first international impact OF
the new ministry was Pakistans
emphatic rejection OF any idea OF
association with the Canal Users
Association at the Second suez
Conference in London. At the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
DELINQUENCY CURB?
Curfews on Youth Have Mixed Results

rundown of the curfew situation in
some representative cities:
Detroit-Fairly tight enforce
ment. About 1000 parents brought
to court since 1948, when an older
curfew law was revised. Police Off
Gals advocate further stiffening of
the ordinance.
Sioux City, IOwa-Police Chief
James OKeefe says the curfew-11
pm. for children under 16, midnight
for those Is to 18-has gone far
toward keeping Juveniles out of
trouble"
Rapid City, S. Dak.-Violators of
10 pm. curfew taken home by
police. County Court notified which
in turn contacts parents for further
action.
Salt Lake City-Children under
IA under 10 pm. curfew, 14-18 until
midnight. Assistant Police Chief
Golden Haight says curfew en-
forced vigorously in past few years.
Acknowledgements curfew i'm
posed by police regulation as an
educational program. Officers call
it very effective although no penal
ties are involved.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. officials con-
slider local ordinance too cumber-
some for efficient enforcement, ad-
vocate Tightening of law.
st. LOuis-Curfew since 1854, IL
pm. for youngsters under II, mid
night Friday and Saturday. First
offense brings warning, second may
draw fine up to $500. Total of 1874
notices sent to parents through
August, 81 fines.
Denver-V iolators of 1890 cur
few l1:30 week cnds) taken to po-
lice detention home, parents liable
to 500 fine on second offense. Po-
lice say law rigidly enforced with
good results. About 100 children
picked up in first eight months of
this year.
Wichita, Kans.-Children is and
below off streets at II pm. week.
days, midnight Friday. Saturday.
Arrests follow second violation;
fines up to 500. Total of 155 vio-
lations SO far this year.
THE Associated Press
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07

provided the schools obtain sufi-
cient financial support.
Antidotes to Gerber
Unquestionably many parents
were shocked and worried by Mr..
Gerber's assertion that politicians
and radicals have brought the Dis
trict'S schools to state of dis
grace. Unquestionably, too, inte-
grafton still demands the utmost
skill and goodwill on the part of
all concerned. But the record of
the hearings Mr.. Gerber conducted
contains much heartening evidence
directly from the proving ground
the classroom.
For instance, a veteran white
grade-school teacher, Mrs. Edith
Kelleher, who seemed far from be-
ing either a radical or a politician,
said she thought indignation was
actually proving of value to the
children of both races.
She said her colored and white
pupils got along fine together"
and that in itself was a gain.
Mrs. Helen Weber, Eastern High
School teacher, comparing her for
merly all-white classes and those
now mixed, said;
"They behave as nicely as they
ever did. I never have any Incl
dents"
She added that her Negro stu
dents ARE very sweet and they
try to please"
Mrs. Elva c. Wells, principal at
Roosevelt High School, dismissed
her disciplinary problems as minor,
saying she felt it was education
that was important. So did Miss
Dorothy Trip. principal of two
elementary schools in the North
east. Miss Trip said she had no
real behavior trouble, but that if
she did she would be unwilling to
have the educational program
judged by it.
Hugh S. Smith, principal at
Jefferson Junior High School in
the problem laden Southwest, said
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07

of friend-Brazil. That opens
the field to friendly parliamentary
maneuver.
The second reason for optimism
is the system of voting already
agreed on.
To amend the draft statute a two
thirds vote is required. Putting it
another way, it takes only one third
Of the nations (27) to block any
change.
To approve the whole draft stat
ute. however, only majority vote
is required. 1t would take Al nations
to block its passage.
Even if the tactical situation were
not so favorable for passage, most
participants at the U. N. meetings
think it would be difficult and all
but impossible for the Soviet Union
to back out now. She would lose too
much face among the worlds non
atomic powers which have been i'm
pressed at her willingness to help
them into the atomic age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07

make them more liable to get into
serious trouble"
Mr.. Pizzuto conceded, however.
that curfews may be serviceable as
short-term measures. Suburban
Wakefield slapped on a 9 pm. cur
few for youngsters under II after
a series of brawls. No arrests have
been reported under the regulation,
but there were no further disturb
ances, either.
Some Relax on Week Ends
Except for details, curfew ordi-
nanceS vary little from city to city.
Most impose 10 or IL pm. dead
line, though there are earlier ones.
Many communities allow later
hours for older teen-agers and on
week ends, holidays, and vacations.
Usually parents of offenders are
liable to fines ranging from 81
at Santa Fe, N NJ, for first Of
Tenders to $500 for repeaters in ST.
Louis. Many ordinances also pro-
vide prison terms.
But enforcement authorities in
most curfew cities say warnings
usually do the trick, and arrests
and fines are relatively rare. In
Philadelphia. where a 1890 limit
was imposed in February, 1855, 80
parents were fined during the first
month, but fines now average only
five month.
In Los Angeles recently. Sc city
and county law officers conducted
a drive that netted lot curfew
violators after the 10 pm. dead
line. The parents were cited to
court and fines were levied, though
most were suspended.
Police in curfew cities generally
stress common sense approach to
enforcement, and attribute the
teen-agers' acquiescence to this
fact. In Columbus, Ohio, 1t. Philip
Homburg of the Juvenile Division
explained:
I'VE don't make it a practice to
haul into court the parents of every
juvenile who is on the streets at
11:01 pm. We realize that very
often it's impossible for a kid to
leave dance at 1920, have a
snack, and still get in by H."
Youth gangs prompted San Fran
cisco police to beef up enforce
ment of the IL pm. curfew that
had been largely disregarded until
few months ago.
Youngsters banded together"
Deputy Police Chief Thomas Cahill
said. crashing private parties,
breaking into private homes, beat
ing up occupants, beating up other
kids on the streets" until the law,
armed with curfew, cracked down.
To-day" Mr.. Cahill added "the
point has been reached in our pro-
gram where the youngsters them
Selves-the good kids-appreciate
it,"
Following in capsule form, is a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON

The political arms of organized
labor are working harder and
spending more money in this cam
paign than ever before in their
rather brief history. And they are
doing it with high optimism as to
the outcome of the balloting No
vember g.
Most union political leaders will
tell you now that their men, Adlai
Stevenson and Estes Kefauver, have
an excellent chance of winning,
something they didn't suspect could
happen only a few weeks ago.
They'll also report that things look
very good indeed for most labor
backed Senate and House candi-
dates, nearly all Of whom are Demo-
Gratis.
OF course, it is highly possible
the union politicos, made feverish
by the heat of the campaign, are
letting their enthusiasm run away
with them.
The labor people see solid base
for their euphoria, however. in the
reports sitting in to their head
quarters that voter registrations
are heavy in the industrial areas
where union members are con-
centrated.
The AFL-ClO Committee on
Political Education, largest Of the
labor political arms, has been con-
centrating more than ever this
year in getting union people regis
tered. A big drive was put on this
past week in "a States. and the
word coming back to Washington
is that it was unusually successful.
Registrations Are Up
George M. Harrison. AFL-CIO
vice president who is chairman Of
the Labor Advisory Committee Of
the Democratic National Commit
tee, reports. for example, that TO-
600 new voters registered this time
in Hamilton County, Ohio tCin-
cinnatD and that a majority OF
them reside in labor wards.
THE impression we have from
reports from various parts of the
country" said Mr.. Harrison, lis
that worker registration is higher
this year than in 1852 in nearly
all industrial areas. and In many
places 1t is considerably higher
Mr.. Harrison said Friday after a
session with Democratic Chairman
Paul Butler that the reports from
the field are "the most optimistic in
years"
Neither the co-directors OF
COPE, James L. McDevitt and Jack
Krol. nor any Of the union leaders
claim they can deliver the labor
vote in a block. But. they say past
experience shows that Of every
three union members who register
two viii vote for the labor -sup-
ported candidates. That ratio has
been found 10 be even higher
among the lower paid union mem
bers. Thus Ne labor politicians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07


Mr. Sheikh, Pokistoni writer and editor,
hos been close observer OF Pokiston's
political scene and is personally &C.
quointed with Mr.. Suhrowordy.
~---->------------ ---~---------------
first London Conference, Pakistan,
through its previous Foreign Min
lister Hamidulhaq Chowdhry had
lent warm support to the concept
OF international operation of the
canal. subject, of course, to recog-
mixing Egyptian sovereignty and
solving the imbroglo only through
peaceful means. The new ministry,
however, withdrew all such support
from the West and aligned itself
unequivocally with Egypt in all its
demands.
This important switch might we'll
be the beginning of new line in
Pakistan's foreign relations. Mr..
Suhrawardy's Awami League (The
Peoples Party is committed to a
policy Of noninvolvement and neu-
trality. 1t is perhaps more friendly
to the Soviet bloc than to the Free
World Also the leaders of this
Peoples Party have attended quite
a few so-called peace conferences
behind the Iron Curtain. and their
declared views are bitterly hostile
to the Free World. Judged against
this perspective. it will be ex-
tremely interesting TO see what ex-
pressions and decisions are made
in the forthcoming session of
Pakistan's Parliament opening to-
morrow at Dacca (the capital of
East Pakistan). when military
alliances will be holly debated.
On the other hand, the pivotal
personalities Of Prime Minister
Suhrawardy. President Iskandar
Mira and Finance Minister Amjad
All "a former Ambassador to the
United States provide reinsurance
that full democracy, uncontrolled
and unalloyed. is going TO be re-
habilitated through free and early
general elections on the basis Of
universal adult suffrage.
Said Premier Suhrawardy a few
days ago: Il realize that democracy
has its weaknesses, for democracy
is human, It has its inevitable fail
ings, but on the whole II is the
only sure road 10 progress and
evolution. Not only has it TO be
given all possible chances, IL must
be accepted as political exiom
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07

expect concrete results from their
stepped-up registrations.
COPE is the result of merging
the former CIO Political Action
Committee and the old ALL Labor's
League for Political Education. fol-
lowing the AFL-CIO amalgamation
last December.
Mr.. McDevitt and Mr.. Knoll say
1t is much more effective political
instrument than we're PAC and
LLPE working separately, although.
by and large the same personnel
is used.
They also point out the unions
are gaining experience in politics
all the time and Just naturally
know more about the game this
time. The CLIO entered national
politics in 1943 and the AL in
l947. The leaders feel they are
still some years away from max
imum effectiveness.
Work in the Precincts
COPIES efforts more than ever
before are being expended in the
grassroots. the precincts. The labor
political messages are being de-
livered 10 the workers homes
About IL million printed voting
records Of Senators and repre-
sentatives we're mailed TO homes.
Twenty Senate and 10 House roll
calls from l947 to 1856 were used
The various members we're Judged
on the basis Of right and wrong"
votes and, by and large, Demo-
Gratis far outscored Republicans in
the right" column.
With COPE the biggets by far,
there are Al labor political organ
izations reporting campaign ex-
penditures. Many Of these are
attached 20 individual unions and
afiliated with COPE. These or
carnations reported spending
something over 81 million in 1881
and a similar amount IN 1852.
Thif year Il Is expected labor's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
BRIGHT OUTLOOK
Atoms-for-Peoc Neors Reality

to be fundamentally on the United
States side. AS a skilled propa-
gandist, however, she clamors for
preservation of all nations sover-
eighty.
The Soviet Union also has two
other projects for revision of the
draft statute. Delegate Georgi
zaroubin still insists that some
formal ban on all nuclear weapons
ought to be included. And he
counts it as shameful" that Red
China is not allowed to attend.
In the next three weeks there will
be efforts to compromise. or trade
away. as many of the differences
as possible. But the United States
is hopeful that what is referred to
as the balance" of the draft stat
ute can be preserved. Balance"
equates at this point very closely
to the United States position.
There are two reasons for Amer
lean optimism. The Craftsmanship
of the conference is in the hands
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-07
MORE WORK AND MONEY
Labor Sees Political Success

expenditures will approach So mil
lion. most of it collected in 81
contributions from members, Al
though campaign contributions are
made to individual candidates and
some radio and TV time is bought.
most of the money is being spent
in political education" work at the
precinct and home level.
COPE is concentrating its efforts
on helping to elect IL Democratic
senatorial candidates in IL states
and about 80 House candidates. a
few OF whom are Republican. The
House districts largely are marginal
ones where the labor vote will count
most heavily. The Senate seats are
in Oregon. Washington, Illinois, New
York, Indiana, California, Idaho,
Nevada, West Virginia, Pennsyl-
vania and two in Kentucky. Most
emphasis is being put on helping
Senator Morse in Oregon, and on
Kentucky. where there are two SEN
ators to be elected.
Sitting II Out in Ohio
In some States COPE is not SUD-
porting either senatorial candidate.
A notable example is Ohio, where
Democratic Gov. Frank Lausche is
opposing Senator Bender, Republic
can. Union leaders have a hearty
dislike for Gov Lausche, and some,
like Mr.. Harrison, say they will vote
for Senator Bender. They blame
the Governor in large part for the
late Senator Taft's overwhelming
victory in 1850, when the unions
put forth their biggest effort 10 de-
feat him.
On the theory that "the women
elected Mr.. Eisenhower in 1882"
as one official put it, COPE is max
ing big effort TO educate" the
fair sex. A special Womens Activ-
tiles Division has been set I'D and
IT is organizing on the precinct
level.
As for the menfolks, a COPE
official was asked Are the workers
shifting to Stevenson
Hell. they never left him" he
replied. we made ost-election
surveys In half dozen industrial
centers and II showed rs per cent
OF union members supported Adlai.
The trouble was not enough voted
COPE officials say the Stevenson
issues most appealing TO union
members are the high cost Of living,
including high taxes. and Mr.. FL
senhower's opposition TO the recent
social security liberalization. which
lowered the retirement age OF wom-
en- from IS 10 So and that Of dis
abled workers 70 so.
They talk about the worker
never having had II so good" said
a COPE man. well. you try raising
a family on $50 or less week.
That's all the average worker has
from his SIS or so pay, BY the time
they deduct the taxes and other
things And you can bet he IL not
happy. He feels the big business
people behind this administration
arr getting all the gravy"