davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28
DESECRECATION ISSUES
HOLD SPOTLIGHT
FISK UNIVERSITY

e 0ANA Gk\0Ik
Nashville, Tenn.-A call
to "Statesmanship in Ma
moral challenge of de-
segregation will bring to-
gether leaders of church,
labor, industry and ed
ucation at the 18th An
nual Race Relations In
stitute at Fisk University,
involving 100 national
and local leaders from
33 states.
DR.. Hermon H. Long,
director of the race rela-
tions program for the
Congregational Christian
Churches, Board of Home
Missions, announced to-day
that the Institute held from
July End through 14th,
ment, social science and
housing experts in efforts
to asses the progress made
toward desegregation and
plan for future develop
ments.
Describing desegrega-
ton issues in education,
Evaporation and housing
as the critical and
determining factors in
the full extension of the
democractic and Judeo-
Christian motive and our
survival as a unified and
strong nation, DR.. Long
program will be conduct
ed by DR.. Charles S.
johnson, one of the ma
tion's outstanding social
scientists and President
of Fisk University.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28

A visible spe c h"
machine that lets the deaf
hear with their eyes has
become the permanent pro-
perty of Wayne Univer-
sity's Speech and Hearing
Clinic.
The gift, presented by
the Bell Telephone La
boratories, will insure
continuation of the elm
les work in treating chill
dren and adults handi-
capped in oral commune
cations.
Speed Research
Developed by the tele-
phone laboratories for
fundamental research in
speech sounds, the machine
transforms sound into in
Simultaneous visible patterns
on a TV-like screen. =.
Called a cathode ray
speech translator" the
machine is equipped
with a device which pro-
duces the speech pat
terms on a permanent
graph, leaving a pic
ture" of the sound.
The machine makes it
possible to combine vision
with other senses in teach
ing oral use of language to
the deaf and others who
are handicapped in oral
communications.
BY using the machine,
a deaf person can see the
fine standings of timing
and emphasis that carry
much of the emotional con-
test of his speech = without
ever hearing the sound of
his own voice.
Sensitive
So sensitive is the ma
chine that a trained eye
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28
Speech Machine
Gift to Wayne Uniu.

can hear" in its patterns
not only the words spoken,
but the dialect of the speak
er.
The machine was loaned
to the University after its
research at the Bell Tele-
phone Laboratories at New
York was completed.
The donation makes the
machine Wayne's perman-
ent possession.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28

The women of Greater Mt.
Carmel Church joined in a
women's day celebration on
Sunday. July ~. Front row.
left to right. Ms. Grant. Mrs.
Wilson. Mrs. Simmons and
Mrs. Cleveland. Others shown
in picture are: Gloria Harris.
Jacqueline Gibbs. Bessie Bell.
Robert Matthews. Gregory
Henderson. c. s. benson. Ma
rion Lowe. Willie Fountain.
and Alma Harris. vice presi-
dent of Sunday School.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28

Wedding reception was held
at the Detroit Association OF
Women's club, Ferry and Brush
About $50 guest were pre-.
sent.
Hostesses
Hostesses were Anna Belle
Johnson, Bonnie Glenn, Chris
tine Van Pelt, Mrs. Florence
Miles, Leona Hunt. and Lena
Jewell.
The couple will honeymoon
in Monroe, La, where they
will visit the parents of the
groom, Rev. and Mrs. Sidney
Hunter.
Visits Canada
Mrs. Ora c Kagler, of 326s
Lothrop Street, spent a pleasan,
weekend in Ottawa, Canada.
\ 4
Miss Ann Spaulding has JUS
returned from attending {
wonderful session "The School
of Missionaries. of the Lexing.
ton Conference at Frankfort
KY. Miss Spaulding represented
her church, Scott Methodist
A. M. E. The session convened
from July 1920.
Mr.. and Mrs. Willie Muse. of
Orange. New Jersey was the
gueot of Mr.. and Mrs. Alonxo
Mack, isis Elmwood. last
week end.
On their first visit TO the
MOTOR city. they went on sight
s.eing tours, visiting the Ford
plant. and other memorable
scenes in The city.
The Annual District Conven-
ton of Jehovah Witnesses
convented in Niagara Falls,
N. Y. for four days. beginning
July 10Th.
Emma and Annie Mae Wilson
Daisy Mack( and Zelma Daniel
will return Monday with a host
of other friends. who also at
tended the four day session.
Birthday Dinner
The beautiful home of Mr.
and Mrs. Nathaniel Dogans. was
the setting for the Birthday
Dinner. Sun. July %. given by
them. in honor of their long
time friend, Mrs. Bertha Marion,
of 3749 Carter.
After singing the Birthday
Song, the appetizer. fruit cock
tail, was served Immediately.
Entree consisted of Roast beef
whole potatoes and gravy. hot
rolls and butter. fruit combina-
ton salad, relishes olives, cof-
Zee. cake and ice cream.
The guest list included friends
in her church circle, and Co.
workers of her Sunday School
at Third Baptist Church: Mr..
and Mrs. John w. Hayes, Mr.
and Mrs. George McDuffie. Mr..
end Mrs. Charles Dumas. and
Mr.. and Mrs. Booker T. Mays
of Mt. Olive Baptist church and
yours truly, The honoree re-
ceived a lot of gifts from those
present.
The most memorable gift of
course. will be the beautiful re-
versible white bed spread given
her by Mr. and Mrs. Nathaniel
Dogans.
Everyone had an enjoyable
time al this elsbarsfe seffinq
and the honoree besmed with
Joy.
Mrs. Marion. a very fine ladv
is noted for her outstanding
leadership and her brood vision.
Sunday she was able to realize
some of the fruits of her service
through friends who love and
appreciate her.
Mrs. Lula Wakefield, of Nc.
Cornick, S. c., who recently
came to the city, Sister of the
honoree. and honoree's daugh-
ter were not present however
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28
s eIvIe 3 ROUNDUP

Margie Bragg, of 1866 E. Willis, became the bride
of Terry N Williams Saturday, July 21st in double
ring ceremoney at True Vine Baptist Church, at 100
pm with Rev. Henry l.. Hill officiating.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28

:. Twelve members of the
University Choir, who are
attending summer school
|and working on the cam
|pus, comprise a group cal
led the Virginia Union I'm.
Werslty Singers who &C
company President proctor
as ne visits the various
associations in Virginia.
Zach of them has been
awarded a 500 scholar
ship for this service.
These young people were
framed early this summer
oy Mr.. William j. Good
win, Choir Director. =
X \ X
Tennis for All
Iennis, a game played
Oy ages five to 80 and by
novice and expert, is one
u the major facets of the
department of Parks and
Aecreation's summer pro-
gram. Attesting to this is
'ne fact that there are APP
fortunately 200 courts at
20 locations now available
Tor Detroiters.
Besides servicing the
instructors, the Department
'as TWO tennis coaches visit
, ~ certain localities to give
snlid with his first racquet
ana to the experienced
ing. '
u. courts are open during
, ne DAYLIGHT hours and at
ilT Two Palmer Park and Belle
night play.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28
Insurance Company
presents program

The Superior Life In
crane Society held their
sth Ouadrennial Conven-
tim y at Ferry Center last
week, Louis E. Martin gave
! t Is' keynote address.
John w. Roxborough de-
| l;vered the presidential
~ DR.. l. l.. Whitby
ave the Treasurer's report.
Eugene Collins was award
cd outstanding members
If the society. The Board
If Directors, which includ-
Cd former World Heavy
weight Champion Joe Louis
and chairman E. M. Ham
Ian was reelected. Snow r.
Grigsby introduced the
hook to the group, a gay
| social gathering was held
after the formal meeting.
Picture No. !
Friends Give Party
The friends of Cora
Brown gave another party
| on Saturday July Fl at the
| Nacirema Club.
Mrs. Betty Crecy, of
California is visiting re-
latives here. She was
/ formereIy of Detroit,
and was known well by
4 her friends as Miss Car
son.
To North Carolina
Mr.. and Mrs. Marcus
Logan of Chandler, Mrs.
| Sarah Fields and others left
4 last week for North Caro-
lima.
CASH PRIZES OFFERED
IN WRITER'S CONFERENCE
The first annual session of
the Detroit Writer'S Conference.
scheduled for August 24-25
at Crowley-Milner's Department
Store in Detroit, Mihigan,
/ should prove interesting to
Amateur Writers.
! Prizes fotaling $3.50 are being
offered to all contestants in
The categories of fiction and
non-fiction.
Speakers at the conference
will include Sisler Freeman,
regional editor of Golfers;
Irene Neil, Canadian humor
writer; George A. Bender, ed
itor of Modern Pharmacy. Rene
Chevious, manuscript critic;
Frank R. Kepler, editor OF
Friends; Mrs. Haldeman Fin
ME, author of eight novels; Leo
nard Turner, literary agent;
Royce Howes, associate editor.
Detroit Free Press; Rev. Harold
Watson, non-fiction book writer,
and others.
Information concerning entry
Of manuscripts, or the program
Of the two-day and one-night
conference, may be obtained by
contacting Irv. Leiberman, pro-
gram chairman, 1855 Luxor Rd..
Cleveland Is, Ohio.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28

VI cry IN. w iiiidIiio Odlu
ring ceremoney at True vi
pm. with Rev. Henry l.. Hi
The bride, daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. Garfield Bragg wore
d gown of lace and nylon
combination. a shoulder length
illusion veil.
Her maid of honor, Catherine
Martin, wore teal green dress
accented with flowers. anc
bridesmaid Anna M. Shulei
wore a yellow gown.
Valery Bragg, carried out hei
flower girl duties, and Gary
Browning was ring bearer.
The groom is the son of Mr.
and Mrs Frank Burnett, anc
he asked Richard Chandler tc
be best man.
Charles Terry seated guest.
X X
Thrash Gibson Nupfials
Dorothy Thrash and Ben
jamin Alfred Gibson, exchanged
nuptial vows Saturday after
noon at st. Stephens A.. M. E.
church. The bride is the daugh.
ter of Mr.. Arthur Duckett 5774
10th.
Dorothy wore q gown of white
lace and tulle over satin. with
a sweetheart neckline. long
sleeves ruffeled at wrist. ap-
pliqued with sequins on bodice.
Her small crown of sea pears
and rhinestones held her short
veil.
She carried an orchid placed
on a white bible, with white
carnations pinned to a streamer
She was given in marriage by
her Stepfather.
Her Attendants
Her attendants Lorraine Holt,
Matron of honor, Jean Jackson,
Willie Mae Cooks. and Catherine
Lyons, wore crystalette dresses
OF blue. coral, nile green, and
yellow respectively. and each
wore a crown.
Flower girl Valeria Taylor.
wearing a white organza dress
strewed rose petals along brides
path to the alter.
Rev. Charles SpiveY. per-
formed the double ring cere-
mony.
The brides mother wore a
toast colored evening outfit, a
crown of flowers, and an orchid
His mother. wore a blue dress.
white hat. blue shoes and gloves
an orchid. Benjamin was at
tended by Paul Faulk as best
man.
Dwight Taylor. wearing white
dinner jacket and dark trousers,
was ring bearer. Ushers were
Julius Wyche, Mack Gibson.
and Elbridge Hall.
Reception followed the cere-
mony at 700 pm. at the Ferry
Center, where about 200 guest
greeted the couple.
Hostesses were Claymonia
Butter, Doretha Collie, Gertrude
Gibson. Marion Washington and
Elizabeth Gibson. The couple
will honeymoon in Ottawa.
Canada.
Hunter-RoYa Wedding
Roosevelt Hunter claimed
Leslie Royal as his bride at a
Saturday afternoon double ring
ceremony at the home of Mr..
Charles Hunter. 854l Alpine.
at 600 pm. with Rev. Gordon
Story officiating.
The bride, daughter of Mrs.
lola Royal wore a gown of
white dotted swiss and net
combination, an orchid. white
hat. and carried bouquet of
chrYsanfheums.
The bride was given in mar
riage by her brother-in-law,
Theodore. Van Pelt. Charles
Hunter was his brothers best
man.
The brides mother wore q
blush grey fatteta and lace out.
ut, a white carnation cssarge
white hat and gloves. navy shoes
and pouch bag.
The srooms sister wore q
peach lace dress, white csrna-
lion and proper accessories.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1956-07-28
COMMENTATOR


Civic Opera CONVENTION
The Detroit Negro Civic
orsra Is planning their
yyr,;onal Convention to
!. held here in August.
NJ. Macklin and MEM
VS. VS. Of the organization
I've in store for all
',,,.;c lovers an enchant-
ing program.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17
In Around The Bahamas
-A BY A.. n. MokINZIE

ly 1000 feet, will have 1850 feet
dock space and will have accom-
mediation for more than 100
yachts. A system of canals viii
connect the residential proper
ties and the ocean front club
hotel center. The main entrance
to the harbor will lead from the
edge OF the deep water Of the
Tongue of Ocean. This little
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Coral farbor, a $5O,OO0,000
club and residential development
Is already under construction, just
IL miles from Nassau on the
southern shores Of New Provi-
dence. The project is to have
$500 acres of prime land and six
miles of beach frontage. A 30
acre almost land-locked harbor,
with a diameter of approximate
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Clara Young, 81, and Nora
Pratt, AZ, were flown to Nassau
from Rock Sound, Eleuthera, on
March 5 for medical treatment.
They were taken to Princess
Margaret Hospital and their con-
ditions are reported satisfactory.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Monday night, March 5, the
rIoa,se of Assembly defeated the
resomtion of Editor Eugene Du-
r.,ch calling for a one-day gen.
eral election, by a vote Oh zv-4.
" ~ such an attitude, what has
been will continue to be.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Beauty, and "Bittersweet"
two poems of Eric T. Cooper have
been Included in a 70-p-se oOok
of poems entitled, Poems OF
1856" published by Arthur II.
Stocluwell OF Devon, England. Mr..
Cooper was a former student OF
Government High School and is
now studying engineering at Nc
Gill University, Montreal, Cana
da. His poems were first publish
ed in the Nassau Tribune.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

The first Bahamas sweepstake,
sponsored by the Chamber OF
Commerce, is scheduled for
March "a. The funds will be spent
for the benefit of the proposed
King George VI tuberculosis
Sanitorium to be built some
where in New Providence. TlclAets
have been sold at $1.40, and the
total ticket prizes will be $55,6U0.
The first prize is $4,000; second,
$3.50, and third, $140. OF course
the Chamber is doing this as a
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

..,v;c venture" and not for prof.
u Eowever, you may be sure that
-, Saturday will be a big day
in Nassau just like Cuba Day
lIsed TO be in Miami.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

The amount reported as OF
March 3, collected for the Lazy
Ranfurly Home for Children, was
approximately $S4, 035.60. 1t shoula
not be long before this mucn
needed home for unfortunate
children becomes a reality. Ba,
hamian laborers in Florida ana
other states have helped by doing
their bit. Let others do likewise.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Venice" is CLAIMED to begin OPP
Grafton next January.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

If you are an unregistered
citizen-then you are a sec
ond class citizen-by choice
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17
NOW YOU CAN OWN YOUR OWN HOME
FOR LESS THAN RENT

Beautiful Edison Center
: Owner transferred, must sell this
lovely completely furnished 2 bed
room. dining room, tile. bath, oak
floors, enclosed porch, carport,
large handicapped lot. Terrific bar
gain pay less than rent, call now.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-03-17

Total $4,000 Price
Newlyweds dream. Furniture and
Home ON beautiful NV. lot, all for
4,2OO. Don't buy until you see this
today. Call or visit. Spectators,
check this.
Milford chronicle., 1956-03-30

amounts. These crops should be
ready about the middle of May.
Later, soybeans may be seeded for
hog pasture using 2 bu- per acre.
Soybeans will be ready for pas
turing in about or weeks after
seeding. This crop. however. is a
short season crop bnt will fit in
well as q rotation with oats and
rape.
1t is suggested that you make
plans Eow to get a good ladino
clovet or alfalfa pasture seeded
this fall for next years pasture.
In using pasture there are a few
words of advice that should be
given, the agent says. First bt. sure
to provide plenty of shade AID wa
Ter while the pigs are on pasture.
If they start to root they sysculd be
rung to prevent damage to the pas
ture. Two lots should be pvoyl7ed
to permit rotation grazing and tee
pasture should be clipped during
the season. And last of all. don't
continue to Craze the same lot for
several years as the pigs will be-
come infested with parasites.
Milford chronicle., 1956-03-30
Swine Pasture Pays

"Can pigs be raised profitably al
prevailing prices7 This is a ques-
ton we hear frequently, says Ray
Lloyd, Asst County Agent The
answer to the question depends
largely on the system of feeding
1t certainly cannot be- done on all
purchased feed at present prices.
In order to come out on top, says
Mr.. Lloyd. it will be necessary to
resort to plenty of home grown
grains and TO the use of pasture
1t is the use of pasture that will
largely make the difference be-
tween profit and loss.
Authorities at the University OF
Delaware claim that when pigs are
kept on pasture from weaving nm
til they are ready for market, each
acre of good pasture should save
approximately 500 to 1000 pounds
of corn plus 500 pounds of a pro-
tein supplement. In addition, pigs
on pasture get a high quality OF
protein from the grass, they get
vitamins A and D, and they get a
rich source OF minerals. Pastures
save at least-159o and in many
cases 209o more in the cost Of
raising pigs to market weight.
Now is the time to prepare for
supplemental pastures for swine
and leave the seeding of alfalfa or
ladino clover until later in the
year, says the agent. Pasture win
ter grains not needed for conbin-
ing as long as there is food there
that the pigs will eat iIext turn to
supplemental crops
Seed rape and cats now for early
pasture. Both OF these should be
seeded before che 10th of April.
They can be seeded separately at
the rate of 10 lbs. per acre of rape
and 11a to 2 bushels per acre for
spring oats.
According to William Mitchell,
Extension Agronomist, University
of Delaware, they may also be
seeded together at slightly less
Milford chronicle., 1956-03-30
SLOW FREIGHT

TUCSON, Ariz. - Up - Officers
became suspicious wien they saw
two men slumped down III the front
seat of a car near the railroad
tracks on a dark and gloom night.
But the men were only asleep.
They said they dozed off after
waiting for about So minutes for a
freight train to pass.
Milford chronicle., 1956-03-30
LONG ANNIVERSARY

DENVER ~ (P) II Denver plans
year-long celebration of its 100th
anniversary. 1t will open in the
summer of 1858 and extend into
the fall of 1859. Denver was
founded in 1858.
Milford chronicle., 1956-03-30

sake UpI Sign lIE'I look o
@sos%s TTs@
ca OaJND
OB 8 : Rv = -
CO = = =
Telephones 1871 or A24S
Telephone: 1871 or 42as

Under consideration is trip to
the Dover Air Force Base in the
near future. The trip will be for
active members of the GOC in Mill
ford
The GOO is the best early warn
-Ag system in use in the United
States. Radar cannont record planes
flying beneath an altitude of 5000
feete but civilian plan spoilers can.
Y5u can be volunteer in this de-
tense organization. Join the Ground
Observer Corps and lift your eyes
to the sky. Call Milford 4243 or
4371.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
Ohio Edison Company, here.

Among the out-of-town guests at
tending the wedding were Mr. and
Mrs. Clayton McRoberts and Linda
Kay of Lexington, KY; Mr.. and
Mrs. George Schemenauer and Gail,
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Anderson of
Sandusky; Mr.. and Mrs. Edward
Anderson of Marblehead. Mr.. and
Mrs. Chester Ham, Mr. and Mrs.
Leslie Brown, Mr.. and Mrs. Roy
Cooley and Billy, Mr.. and Mrs,
Cliff Marsec, Mr.. and Ms. RaH
Haskins, Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Bloom,
Miss Shirley Smith, Miss Annabelle
Kihlken, Miss Gay Boyle, Miss Shir-
ley Sharp, Miss JOanne Zura, Mr..
and Mrs. Carl Fastzkie and Ronnie,
Mrs. Kenneth Schiewe and Mary
Ann, Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Ander-
son, Mr.. and Mrs. Morton Everett
and Janet and Mrs. Arnold Klook,
Mr. and Mrs George Gresham,
Brenton Ahrens and Merle, Brenda
and Fay, Mr.. and Mrs. Milton HEIR
and Elizabeth.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
Faculty Honors
Anna Hurrell

Mrs. Anna Hurrell, who retires
from an outstanding career in
teaching when this school year
ends, was feted by fellow faculty
members at surprise dinner party
Monday night at Log Cabin.
Superintendent D d. inns, toast
master, paid warm tribute to her
school service and elementary
principal Leonardo Stein added
praises. A set of matched luggage
was her farewell gift from fellow
teachers Mrs. Marion Slaughter,
who was in charge of the program,
assisted by Helen Hermes, incor-
porated poetry Mrs. HurreI wrote,
published in an anthology "Wings
Over The School Room, along
with slides for a unique entertain
ment. Slides of school activities,
taken by teacher Vern Hayford,
pictured many familiar scenes.
Paddles (the board of education),
apples (for the teacher), and pro
grams with quotes from McGuffey's
reader were effective table decora-
tions. Mrs. Edna Richey was gift
chairman.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11

Ladies of the Elks Lodge were
entertained at their annual Mother
and Daughter banquet in the Elks
club rooms Monday evening. Seven
tables of guests were served, each
centered with beautiful floral ar
rangment. The place favors were
clever little dolls made of paper
lace doilies and colored with water
color paints.
Mrs. R r. Granstaff, chairman
OF the committee, gave a word of
welcome and Mrs. John Gaydos,
president of the Ladies organiza-
ton of the Elks, was mistress of
ceremonies. Mrs. James Riemen-
schneider gave Toast to the Dau-
ghters and Vickie Riemenschneider
gave a Toast to the Mothers. A
delightful musical program by the
High School Chorale group provid-
ed the entertainment for the even
ing.
The meal was prepared and serv-
ed by the men of the lodge, under
the Craftsmanship of Carl Besso.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
DRIvEAWAY PROGRAM

Smith Motor Sales, local dealer
for Studebaker and Jeeps, joined
with over 1900 Studebaker dealers
and factory officials last Tuesday
in South Bend, Ind, IN what was
called the largest dealer drive
away in the auto industry since
1850.
Wasson Bud Smith, partner and
Frank Scott, salesman, attended
the event called tStudebaker Spring
Roundup was held on the Zig 800
acre proving ground, where 1900
cars were lined around the 21z
mile oval test track.
An interesting note is that "a
per cent of the cars in this drive
away were equipped with autho-
matte transmisSions as compared
to about "A per cent that was in
stalled for the first three months
of the year.
AS their part in this event
Smith Motor Sales representatives
drove 2 new cars home. These cars
will be featured in the Spring
Fashion Festival show and parade.