davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09

in 1911 and was graduated A. B.,
cum laude in 1915.
/ 1t was a return to Harvard for
his first class reunion in 1916
that first turned Mr.. Herter to
government service.
Job in Brussels Legation
One of his classmates was
Lithgow Osborne, who had been
in Berlin as a Junior aide to Am
bassador Gerard. Mr.. Osborne
had exciting tales to tell of his
life in wartime imperial Ger
many.
A week later Mr.. Herter was
on his way to Europe.
Mr.. Herter had been only few
months at the American legation
in Brussels when he found him
self acting minister as a replace
.ment for Brand Whitlock.
In that capacity the 22-year-
old Herter filed a report on the
deportation of Belgian civilians to
Germany-a report which stiff
fened American policy towards
Germany, and incidentally got
Mr.. Herter into trouble with the
German military as he made his
way to neutral Switzerland after
America entered the war.
Arrested as a Spy
He had reached Mainz, and was
arrested as a spy. One German
officer wanted to shoot him on
the spot. but Mr.. Herter con-
WINGED him he rated safe convoy
as member of an embassy staff
His arguments didn't save him
a couple of nights in a Jail cell,
but he finally reached Switzer-
land and was sent back to the
United States.
Next he tried the Army
through the Harvard ROTC and
the officers training camp at
Plattsburg, N. Y. But the Army
rejected him because of his
height, and also because he
didn't have enough weight for
his 6-foot-5-inch frame.
His only brother, Everit, mean
time. had been killed in action
in France.
Mr.. Herter turned again to
the State Department and dip
lomatic service, becoming secre-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
Mrs. Roosevelt
Clutches Handling
OF Hungary Crisis

i BALTIMORE. Dec. 8 (P). =
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt said
today she couldn't understand
how the State Department could
have been "less alert" in antici-
ipating recent developments in
Hungary.
THE Administration should
have seen this coming" the for
mer Presidents wife told a press
conference preceding a talk be-
fore the United Nations Youth
of Maryland. I'VE could have
been prepared"
She suggested that the United
States might have asked imme-
diately for an emergency meet
ing of the United Nations Gen.
eral Assembly to request a peace
observation team to go into
Hungary.
For a small country, it would
not make much difference" she
added. But when you are a
great power and you lag, the
consequences are much more
serious"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09

Itary Of a commission to nego-
Itiate a prisoner-of-war treaty
with Germany.
Aide TO Herbert Hoover, Sr.
After the war he went to Paris
as secretary of the commission to
negotiate the peace treaty.
A year later he first met Her.
bert Hoover, ST., who made him
executive secretary of the Euro
pean Relief Council. 1t was a
grim experience.
AS part of his duties. Mr.
Herter Travelled through war
torn Europe and made a 1000
mile trip down the Volga valley
to determine what was happen
ing to American relief supplies.
After the war, Mr.. Herter
went into the Department of
Commerce, headed by Mr.
Hoover.
Mr.. Herter learned one i'm
portant lesson from that expert
ence. He concluded that Mr..
Hoover was an extraordinary
and brilliant administrator" but
later when he got into politics,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
JOBS

Continued From First Page
portation to his first assignment
but this possibility is now under
study.
What it can and will do, Mr.
Harvey said, is to try and in
tereSt the prospective employees
in specific jobs instead of just
"jobs in Government" get them
interested in a particular field
let them see a challenge and
chance for advancement.
The various Government
agencies have been asked to help
with this.
Last year the college recruit
ment program placed some 1000
employees in Government, mark
of one of every eight eligibles
Mr.. Harvey doesn't know how
many of these can be claimed by
the program, but we know it
got more" Some 1000 could
have been placed.
He said the strides made by
private industry in retirement
plans and other fringe benefits
have pretty we'll wiped out the
security advantage Government
work formerly offered.
Nov we can only offer them
a challenging job, a chance for
achievement. We can't promise
to make them rich" he said.
What would happen to the
Governments manpower supply
if another war should occur. I'VE
were batting that around the
other day. We wondered just
where we'd get the people" Mr..
Harvey said, grimly.
If it's any consolation, the
bumper crop of war babies will
be getting to working age soon,
just the opposite of reports that
Russia faces a serious manpower
shortage within the new few
years because. of the persons
killed and the low number Of
babies born during World
War II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
Continued From First Pag,


jold said he had written Austria
Czechoslovakia. Romania ano
Yugoslavia Wednesday for per-
mission to send observers tc
those countries but, pending re-
plies. had not yet been able tc
send any.
He also said he had given the
Soviet and Hungarian delega-
tons copies of the resolution;
with letters stressing the AS
sembly's deadline of last mid
night for their replies.
Received No Replies
cat the time Of the writing Of
this report IS pm, 7 Deem
ber)." he said. Il have not re-
ceived any replies"
He recalled that, Hungary
cabled him Monday that it would
welcome him in Budapest "at g
later date appropriate to both
parties.
He suggested Tuesday, he coulo
be there December Is. Budapest
radio said Wednesday that date
was mot suitable" to the Hun
garian government. Mr.. Ham
marskjold reported today:
Il have not received any Off
cial reaction to this suggestion
If the visit cannot be made at
the time proposed, it may be
questioned whether it would be
to the purpose"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09

he could not be flexible in hi.
dealings with humans-as one
must be in politics.
Elected to Legislature
In 1880 Mr.. Herter was elected
to the Massachusetts, House
where he was speaker for the
last four of his IL years there
Then he went to Congress
from Massachusetts 10th dis
trict.
Mr.. Herter interested himself
in foreign affairs, and was q
member of that House commit
tee when the problem of relief
and assistance for postwar Eu-
rope came up.
In 1852 Mr.. Herter was one
of the small group of congress
men who started the ball roll
ing for the nomination of Mr..
Eisenhower as the Republican
candidate for President.
Massachusetts republicans.
lacking a strong candidate for
Governor in 1852, persuaded Mr..
Herter to drop out of his fairly
safe" seat in Congress to run
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
Herter Picked to Succeed
Hoover as Dulles Aide

plan to give asylum in this coun-
try to 2l,500 of the Hungarians
escaping Communist terror may
be reimbursed from his special
emergency fund.
Mr.. Hagerty said Tracy S.
voorhees,, the Presidents special
representative to coordinate
the program, estimates the ex-
penses will run about SO million,
mainly for sirplane and ship
fuel and food. Estimates as
high as So million have come
from the Pentagon. Mr.. Hagerty
said the difference might come
in accounting procedures = his
So million estimate did not in
clude such things as pay of
service personnel engaged in the
mercy operation.
FairlesS Heads Advisers
Benjamin Fairless. former
chairman of the board of United
States Steel Corp, heads the
Presidents Citizen Advisers on
the mutual security program.
The group was named Septem-
Der q to study all phases of the
foreign aid set-up and recon-
mended future policy.
Besides Mr.. Fairless, those
the 18-country on-the-
spot studies around the world
include DR. Colgate w. Darden,
jr., president of the University
of Virginia: John L. Lewis.
president of the United Mine
Workers of America; Whitelaw
Reid. chairman of the board.
New York Herald Tribune, and
Jesse w. Tapp. chairman Of the
board. the Bank of America.
Gen Walter Bedell Smith. an
other member. was said to be
unable to make the trip be-
cause of private commitments.
The White House announce
ment said the group will leave
Washington December II and
visit Madrid, Paris, Bonn. vi
emma, Belgrade. Athens. Istan-
bull, Ankara. Teheran. Karahci.
New Delhi, Rangoon. Bangkok,
Saigon, Manila. Hong Kong.
Taipei. Seoul and Tokyo before
returning to Washington Feb
ruary II.
Mr.. Davis has been assistant
Army Secretary for about two
and a half years. Mr.. Hagerty
said he took the job with the
understanding that he would
stay only until December IS this
year, In accepting his resigna-
ton, Mr.. Eisenhower thanked
him for his loyal and unselfish
service
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09

Iof the Harvard Board of Over.
Iseers.
In other ways, too, he has the
appearance of a Boston "Brah.
NINA back bay apartment, 9
farm home 80 miles out in the
country. and a summer place or
the quietly fashionable north
shore of Massachusetts.
But 81 years ago when he was
born in Paris, Herter wasn't even
close to being a proper Boston
ian"
Parents Were Poor
His parents. Albert and Adele
McGinniS Herter, were poor and
struggling artists, just begin
nlng to gain some recognition
after several years of studying
art in France.
The governor was just a boy
when they returned to the United
States so their sons could go to
American schools.
The governor entered Harvard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
back home against Democratic
Gov. Paul A. Dever.

back nome against Democratic
Gov. Paul A. Dever.
Beat Gov. Dever
Mr.. Dever was running for a
third term. He had won his first
election to the Office in 1948 by
ia record margin of 39l,0 900 votes.
Mr.. Herter knew he was a
"sacrificial goat" but he ran and
won the Office by squeaking
$4,000 votes.
AT the 1856 Republican Ma
.tional Convention at San Fran
cisco in August, Gov. Herter
placed in nomination the name
Iof Vice President Nixon for Sec
ond place on the Eisenhower
ticket again.
Harold E. Stassen had spear
headed a drive to nominate Gov.
Herter in a dump Nixon cam
paign. But Mr. Herter announced
he would ask that his name be
withdrawn if it were offered to
the convention. On the eve Of
the nomination day Mr.. Stassen
gave up the drive for Gov. Herter.
Gov. Herter is a Unitarian.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09

Continued From First Page
in line to succeed Secretary oil
State Dulles if Mr.. Dulles should
decide during the next severa
months that the task is toe
strenuous for him after the in
November 3.
Gov. Herter, born in Paris OF
American parents, got his early
schooling in France. He was
graduated cum laude from Har-
ward University in 1915.
His first taste of diplomatic
service came in 1867 as ar
attache in the American En-
bassy at Berlin. A special assist
ant in the State Department
In 1878, he was secretary OF
the American commission to
negotiate World War l peace in
Paris in 1899
After further government serv-
Ice as an assistant to Herbert
Hoover. Sr.. when he was Secre-
tary of Commerce, Mr.. Herter
worked for a time as editor and
lecturer. He entered politics in
1881 when he was elected to the
Massachusetts, Legislature. He
served in that body until 1913,
the last few years as speaker.
From 1943 until becoming
Governor of Massachusetts in
1858. Mr.. Herter served in the
House. On the Foreign Affairs
Committee, he headed a special
committee study that was cred
tied with doing much to save
the Marshall Plan" that started
mutual security aid to Europe.
Mr.. Hoover, SO, has been IN
dersecretary of State since 1854
For much of that time he hos
been acting secretary during Mr.
Dulles various absences from the
country, ana curing the Secre-
tary's recent illness.
Hoover Dedication Lauded
In accepting his resignation,
the President praised Mr.. Hoov-
er's Outstanding ability and
dedication" in serving his coun-
try.
There were no announce
ments or leaks" from the Acc
budget discussion here today.
Mr.. Hagerty would tell newsmen
only that administration esti-
mates of atomic expenses for the
IL months starting next July l
are in the final stages" of
preparation.
The Presidents action today
on the Hungarian relief program
means that the armed services
and other agencies put to I'M
usual expense carrying out the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-09
IHerter, q Harvard Man,
Held Diplomatic Posts

BOSTON Dec. QF9.-Gov Christian A. Herter, who was
named of State today by President
has the facade of Bosonian but he really one
He has the Harvard accent"-that's broad "a"
mnims pronunciation of the letter "Rwhch naturally
He graduated from Harvard taught there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-22

Researchers have not yet proved smog causes any
one human disease But many doctors are convinced
that smog aggravaes chronic disorders asthma,
bronchitis hay fever ETC. Prolonged exposure TO smog
can cause marked discomfort, often accompanied by
nausea, mental depression and other symptoms.
In a study by DR.. Paul Kotin, of the University of
Southern California certain mice prone to lung
GERS, developed many more tumors when exposed to
smog In Public Health Service research elements taken
from the air Of 10 cities injected under the skins of
mice, which developed skin cancer. Whether or not
humans would be affected similarly is the big question.
Right now for example, the role of snog in lung
cancer is speculative that of cigarette smoke
We at the Air Pollution Foundation not medical
experts. We simply begin by making the assumption
that smog bad in general that it is not wise to wait
10 or 70 years to if smog is convicted medically.
We are trying to stop air pollution now.
Another thing we believe about smog that is an
unnecessary evil. Our cities have dealt with similar
problem: our water supply.
For centuries people took clean water for granted.
But cities grew plaques taught that could not
our water Unfortunately as sewer.
Like water the air belongs to ALL As with water,
tolerate only limited amounts of pollution in our
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-22

air. We dispose of many millions Of tons of refuse
year, simply by throwing it into the air. Most Of this
is concentrated in restricted city areas If we continue
growing. uncontrolled disposal of aerial garbage
we will all suffer
It's impractical to think of purifying our air, we
do our water or of channelng into pipelines. So
only solution to stop harmful poluants at the source
and many of the devices need TO do the job do not
yet exist. Still, we have made real advances.
It's Not Just Smoke
While Los Angeles is hampered by its peculiar weather
condition, we think that other cities, by taking the
same steps Los Angeles is taking, could stop their
smog. And new programs are giving us hope for relief
in Los Angeles.
People elsewhere assume that smog in Los Angeles
is worse than it actually is Los Angeles is trying to
do something to alleviate problem which is only in
of degree than that in other cities where
the attitude is still largely one of apathy.
Where does the smog come from? First of all, it is
just smoke is composed Of many gases from cars,
factories incinerators chmneys which react in the
light. forming mysterious factors we are trying
identify These factors the harmful part Of smog.
We do know can keep these factors down by con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-22

trolling all pollution. In fact, think we know some
of our worst smogmakerS now, and we are finding ways
to control them first of all.
Most people, when they think Of Smog, blame indus
try This is partly true But we now believe that more
than half the harmful poutants come from the activ
ties of ordinary citizens. In other words you prob
ably the biggest maker of smog
The biggest offender you own is your own family car
Its unburned fuel, coming from the exhaust pipe, is
probably our most pressing problem.
The answer is to keep wasted fuel out. of the air.
There are two ways to do this The biggest wastage
comes when you are slowing down in high gear, or
letting the engine idle. Several likely devices are
being tried now, which may cut down smog by stop
ping this waste Obviously you'd profit twice by these
ideas
If we can't entirely correct fuel waste in the engine
hope to take out the remaining pollutants at the
tailpipe, with converter. or afer-burner There
experimental models of these devices now.
The ordinary citizen does other things TO make Smog
as we'll We must stop the open burning Of rubbish in
our cities We must be careful about the kinds of fuel
we burn, and the ways in which burn them. These
things cost something, too. Pttsburgh's fuel bill in
creased when smoky coal was banned - but the city
estimates it saved SIS million in cleaning every year.
Much of industry is doing good job of policing
ITSELF William c. Foster. president Of the Manufacur
ing Chemists Association, recently said, management
which would build without planning pollution abate-
ment is as rare as the duck billed platypus.'
One Smokestaek: 81 ,000, 900
This is probably of big industrial plants.
But what about existing factories and refneres?
1t may cost as much as a million dollars to stop the
pollution from one industrial smokestack.
Is it really necessary to spend these staggering
amounts Of money for clean air? The is yes.
Los Angeles spent $3.50 million for its water sys
TEN, some $3.50 million for sewage disposal. The time
when considered pure water free passed long ago.
And the time for thinking Of pure air complimentary
is passing now.
Keep in mind that every dollar we spend air
pollution control may $40 in few years. For the
measures that might have to be taken in smog
eency exorbitant in price.
Consider what it would cost to shut down all indus
try, stop all traffic in your city. Your community
would be paralyzed.
As we have water commissions and sanitation laws,
must have air-poution control officials and regu
latons. Most cities have these now, but they have
limited funds and powers
We must learn to conserve our air, for experts see
smog of the four big threats to the future of
cities - along with congestion, noise and high cost of
living. Cities need clean air to survive. The End
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-22
Continued from preceding page

Plants Wilt, Laundry Bills. Soar,
Eyes Smart - And The
Sick Complain They Are Sicker
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-07-27
18th Masonic District
Meets at ScOttsville

MaSonS from lodges of the 18th
Scottsville Lodge No. as SATURDAY
night. July 2l, for a district meet
ing and heard the Grand Master
OF Masons in Virginia Wills V.
Fentress. OF Norfolk. dellver an
outstanding address.
Past Masters present worship
full masters, past diStrlC. deputy
grand masters and Clarence A
Whitfield, District Deputy Grand
Master Of the nth District, were
all recognized.
Refreshments were served BY
the ScottSVllle Lodge following
adjournment.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-07-27
Goodman. Clements, and BIonton
Cumberland Rural Carriers Record
Over "a Years OF Safe Driving
s in the past rs years.

he started driving taxi IN Rich
mond Nothing like it is today
your main problem was to get by
the horses without soaring them
half to death. In those days you
had TO stop and lead the horses
around your car He drove N
Richmond for IA years before he
came to Cumberland
Cs3mnetS remarked that he
went for "a years without taking
day of sick leave. Some days
he should have but he kept at the
Job in spite OF his minor Illnesses
He broke his long string with an
Illness last fall
Clements and Goodman agree
that the way to keep up their
safety record is to avoid the other
fellow Both men can quote in
stance after instance that they
had to take to the bitches 10 keep
from having a collision
~ - Oub VI " x Way VI N-it
reckless fellow, advises Good
man. leave the road if YOU have
to"
Getting stuck is not the prob
lem it used to be the carriers
agree Clements commented that
he was stuck Just last week, but
with his t.usty shovel to help
him he made it out of the mud
hole without going for help
Goodman said he used to carry
a block and fall with him in 5he
winter time. and it got him ont
Of many muddy places.
Commenting on Win5er. both
mcr agree that the winters seem
much milder than thew used to
The recalled when .Eey frequent
~ drove their route in frozen
weather and deep snow
The last deep snow was about
IS years ago, and Clements sad
he sol his horse out and took The
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-07-27
Oak Forest

Mr.. and Mrs. ] Gordon Smith,
Jimmy and Miss Robbie Smith. of
Richmond. and Waverly Anderson.
Of Cumberland visited Rev and
Mrs. Omar Burnette. at Ark Sun
day They attended church services
there
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Meador. Har-
ry and Billy of Cumberland. Mr.
and Mrs Robert Midkiff. of Car
terSVille Ira and David Midkiff, of
Trents Mill, and Howard Bryant
fished on the York River Friday.
Mr. and Mrs Conway Anderson
Of Richmond. visited MIR and Mrs
Everett Anderson and Mrs. w. S.
Anderson Sunday afternoon
Mr. and Mrs Irwin Inman. of
Richmond. visited Mr. and Mrs
Harry Meador and Mr. and Mrs
Clarence Meador, Friday afternoon
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-07-27
Clements, ond Bio nton

Mrs. Grady w Garrett. post
master of Cumberland post office.
announced this week the award
ing of safety emblemS 10 three
Cumberland rural carriers.
Charlie Goodman received his
gold pin and certificate for 81
years of safe driving. j G. Gle
ments was awarded a IS year
safe driving pin. and Earl Bianton
was cited for II years without an
accident
The three carriers cover 100
miles day starting and stopping
crossing the road. ana handing
out the mail The safety record
compiled by these men in certain
ly an enviable one.
Mrs. Garrett said, We are Ger
tainly proud Of our carriers. They
drive over some narrow roads and
deserve to be highly commend
ed.
Goodman said he started dliy
ing his route with a model T.
some 81 years ago He drove the
car IN good weather and resorted
to horse and buggy in bad wealth
er L have carried the mail every
way but walking" Goodman said.
and that l refuse to do.
Goodman started his ser?lca at
Sunny Side. and later moved to
Cumberland Once l even swan
the AppOmattoX River to deliver
mail" he recalled The river was
way up and l had not crossed in
to Amelia for several days. I Was
on horseback, and asked Sam
Davis if he thought I could walk
across the river He said the cat
tie We're doing it. SO he knew I
would make it all right. Then
there l was. swimming before
got started good. To make it
worse, | had to swim back. TOO -
Clements said as a young man