davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Humanity Could Have Died in Infancy
By THOMAS R. HENRI

about the period from which
the earliest human remains
found in North America have
been dated by radioactive car
bon measurements of charcoal
from their hearth fires.
Between the time Of the
Aurignacian and Magdalenian
cultures there is a gap of about
10000 years which is almost
devoid of any traces Of hui
man activity. This is the pc
Rod of the last great advance
of the glaciers over Europe.
This may have brought the
still infant human race very
close to extinction. Indications
are that men were quite
scarce.
In 10000 years most. organic
remains crumble to dust. Occa-
sionally, however, climatic
conditions are such that rem
nants of ancient trees. shells,
charred bones and tools made
of animal and plant materials
are preserved. Wherever such
exist their age can be esti-
mated.
Glaciati0n Period Revised
Up to date there have been
many surprising discoveries,
especially at the University of
Chicago where the carbon dat
ing method was developed by
DR.. Willard Libby, now mem
Der of the Atomic Energy
Commission.
1t was previously believed,
for example, that the last pc
riod of glaciation over North
America and Europe took place
between 10000 and $4,000
years ago. The latest figure,
however, places this at about
1000 years ago. Tests con-
Quoted on woven rope san
dalS left in an Oregon cave
preserved in volcanic ash
showed that the owners were
alive about 5000 years ago.
Indian fishweirs from Boston
and relics from New York
State indicate cultures in those
areas about 5000 years ago.
The carbon age determine
tions can be quite accurate
UP to periods of 10000 years.
For greater lapses of time the
accuracy falls off quite rap
idly since the beta particles
are given off at a diminishing
rate as the amount of the
exploding" carbon isotope in
the specimens declines.
The carbon clock of the
Geological Survey scientists is
a modification of that devel-
oped at the University of
Chicago and probably is some
what more accurate. All the
carbon is reduced to acetylene
gas which then is frozen solid
and introduced into a geiger
counter. In this way it is
possible to avoid contamina-
ton by air molecules. The
whole is inclosed in an iron
shield s inches thick to cut
off the effect of cosmic rays
on the counters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Not Throuqh at 20

I want to commend The Star
for giving prominence to the
long-overdue steps being taken
to end forced retirement at 10.
My husband is going on IS and
is still as efficient and alert as
he was 20 years ago. For the
sake of others like him. I hope
you will do all possible to win
the enactment of favorable
legislation.
Referees Wife.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

toned whether the human
mind needs any relaxation, in
the ordinary sense. If any,
thing happens to it, it is not
the minds fault, but due to
something introduced from
the outside.
1t is enheartening to see
that the bay window is COM
ing back into style. We were
looking at some plans for one
story ramblers, and noticed in
several sketches the inclusion
of such a window.
Certainly nothing else gives
such a sense of space. In
fact, the modern picture win
dow may be said to have
arisen from a modification of
the bay.
When it comes to reading
posture, was there anything
that ever excelled the old-time
sofa?
We do not mean the daven-
port, or daybed, stuffed, over
stuffed or unstuffed.
No. just a plain old-fash-
Toned sofa, with a rising head
and pillow all made a part
of the affair.
Often these sofas were of
leather, tufted. Crumbs from
animal crackers and the like
could be brushed off without
injury.
In the old days, a boy on
a sofa, with bag of animal
crackers, and a Henty book.
came as near to paradise in
this world as ever has been
achieved.
Then the cars of the day
took wings, and the night
and the wonder of space and
time, the deep seas and
mighty mountains, wove a.
spell of glory over mind and =
heart.
1t was one of those spells
that did not require another
human being, and so came
close to the mystic and his
yearning. 7
If time could turn back"
ward in its fight, and make
us a child again, Just for Q
night, wouldn't we choose to
be there on the old sofa, with
the comfortable depression in
just the right place. and H.
Rider Haggard's Swallow" In
hand?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Let's All Find Out
Defense Secretary v

Defense Secretary Wilson has said
that he hopes Senator Symington, whose
subcommittee soon will begin its investi-
cation of our missile and air power pro-
gram, will find he doesn't know as much
as he thinks he does now" We think this
is slightly beside the point
Senator Symington may be mistaken
in his belief that the Russians are over
taking us and soon will pass us in develop
ment of ballistic missiles and in certain
vital air power categories, especially in
strategic bomberS. If so, it will be useful
to straighten out his thinking.
There is another, and perhaps more
important, aspect of this matter, however
This concerns the state of the public
mind. 1t is doubtful that the people of
this country could be more confused than
they are now by the claims, the counter
claims and those statements which fall
somewhere in between. They are entitled
to know, within the limits imposed by le-
Ultimate security considerations, whether
we are in danger of falling behind the
Russians. II that is a real danger the
safety OF this country is at stake, and
every American has a vital, direct and
personal interest in knowing the answer.
There is something that Mr.. Wilson can
do in this connection-something that
goes beyond hoping that Senator Syming-
ton will find he has been in error. He
can take the wraps off the people in his
department and instruct them to lay the
facts on the line when they appear before
the Senate subcommittee. If Mr.. Wilson
will do this-and we hope that he will
1t ought to be possible for the American
people to come to an intelligent decision
as to whether we are doing enough in the
area OF national defense, or whether our
interest in survival dictates that we
should be doing more.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12

The present human race at
one time may have been quite
close to becoming an extinct
species"
1t apparently survived with
considerable difficulty during
much of a 10,000-year period
when large parts of the North
ern Hemisphere were covered
with ice sheets.
This is one Of the implica-
tons of a new human chronol-
ogy set up by United States
Geological Survey scientists.
The basis of this chronology
is age measurement by radio
carbon determinations of
animal bones thrown in the
garbage piles" of ancient man
in Europe where remains of
the earliest members of the
present human race are found.
They were preceded for a
million years or more by
human-like creatures of diff
ferent species.
Age Told by Radioactivity
Radioactive carbon is being
manufactured constantly by
cosmic ray bombardment of
nitrogen IN the upper atmos-
phere. 1t becomes part of the
carbon dioxide in the air and
is assimilated throughout life
by all plants and animals. It
has a half life of approx
mately 5000 years.
Thus the age of organic
remains can be determined
roughly by measurement of
the cir radioactivity. For a
specimen 5000 years old, for
example, the radioactivity will
be about half that of present.
day organism of the sam
species.
Highest of Europe's stone
age cultures was that of So
called Magdalenian man. He
was a cave dweller. He deco
rated the walls of his caves
with beautiful colored paint
ings of the animals upon which
he subsisted, presumably to
placate the gods of these ami
mails for killing them.
The investigations of Geo.
logical Survey Chemists Hans
Suess and Mayer Rubin of the
'radioactivity of antlerS a rein
deer left behind show that he
still was living in caves of
Southern France as late of
10000 years ago. At that time
another early human type,
Arensburg man, was a free
roaming hunter on the plains
of Central France and Ger
many. He had learned to use
bow and arrow.
About the earliest known
members of the present human
race were the so-called Aurig-
nacian men of Central Europe.
Dates obtained from their dis
carded animal remains show
that these men were at the
height of their activities about
$4,000 years ago. This Is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Double Anniversary

Anniversary greetings are In order
at the University of Maryland. The
anniversary observance is unique in that
it marks both the centennial and sesqui-
centennial of the College Park institu-
ton. The dual nature of the celebration,
which is to extend over 15-month
period, brings to current attention the
fact that the university can boast of
two charter dates, one in 1907 and the
other in 1856. Each charter has had an
important bearing on the development
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Dixie's Attitude

Although from the North, l
have travelled throughout the
South and have there met
many people from different
stations in life. From these
associations an observation has
resulted, regarding the race
problem, which, while open to
much discussion and debate on
a psychological level, has
helped me personally to see
the controversy in clearer per-
spective.
Moderation toward the Ne
gro by the white Southerner
appears to be in relationship
to the white mans social posi-
ton. The greatest sympathy
for an end to racial discrim-
nations, albeit gradual in some
cases, comes from those who
enjoy higher social status while
the agitation for keeping
them in their places increases
as SCOTLAND perhaps even
more Observation-Disclosures
qualities decrease to a point
of fury and lawlessness
amongst the tabled mob"
Racial prejudice and gener-
alization almost universally
stem from ignorance-an un-
awareness of objective truth.
How many bases are born
simply out of having heard
ones parents or grandparents
express similar reactions, with
no attempt being made to abb
stract the problem into its es-
sential components? Those
who most violently preach the
doctrine of racism would be
the most closely identified
(they think in intellectual
and social atmosphere with
those whom they attempt to
suppress, if the yoke of sup
preston were lifted. History
has demonstrated this to be
an effective device of the rab-
BILE rouser; i.e., to play upon
emotions of the ignorant. But
who would admit to being rab-
BILE? Yet when we surrender
ourselves to the mob, to vio-
lence, to lawlessness, we there
by surrender our individuality
and admit our inability to
think for ourselves.
Remember, skin is one Of
our accidental attributes. Some
day we may be stripped of it
and we'll all look alike. But
even more important then,
we'll have to stand strictly on
our own merits.
Eugene J. Fitzpatrick.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
"ALBEMARLE STREET.

Dear Sir:
esterday morning I
looked out at the fiat board
nailed on the bay window in
the dining room which serves
as a bird feeder.
There were two song SPAR
rows, and a third bird about
the same size, perhaps a trif1e
larger.
"He resembled the song
sparrows in shape, but was a
rich burgundy red with a
bright red topknot. The top
knot was about the size and
shape of the black one on a
chickadee head.
do you think this could
possibly be a summer tanager?
HE came back several
times yesterday, but has not
shown up today, so he may
A1dfC OCCI Cll 1OuOC.
Sincerely, v. L. S."
The bird is the purple finch.
This is one Of natures
beauties.
The color is, indeed, bur-
gundy.
Some one described it as a
bird dipped in pokeberr. juice.
The topknot is not really
that. but just the punching of
the feathers at will.
The female of the species is
plain sparrow-like bird,
charming in her way, as the
lady birds always are.
A female English sparrow,
for instance.
There is as nice looking a
little creature, in her Quaker
grays, as can be seen in a
long days journey, but bird
lovers commonly overlook her,
because the fashion has been
to deprecate the common SPAR
rows.
Our correspondent speaks of
a bay window.
This was one feature of the
older houses that had much
to commend it.
The bay window, with win
dow seats all around, and an
outlook with a 180-degree
angle, met something deep in
human nature.
Maybe it was the urge to
read, after the plain urge to
look out.
In the old days, when read
ing was one of the great rec
reations, the seats in a bay
window represented leisure.
Time was, and is, necessary,
for books.
Today's intense activity,
bred into children from pre-
school days, leaves little time
for reading.
Yesteryear, people had plen-
ty of time, despite the fact
that washing was all done by
hand. there were no auto
matte coffee makers, and no
vacuum cleaners.
Today, the women, espe-
cially. complain of having no
time, as they dart from a
church meeting to a woman's
club session.
Today's readers have no bay
windows, and this means no
particular place to sprawl and
read.
Yes, reading is a sprawling
exercise, in a sense, since it
means relaxation Of all except
the mind. 1t may be CUES
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Winter Wind

The Dind this Dinter tUdS
melancholy
He tDept a Deird. unWindino
sound
He brenthed a fog to hide his
fury,
He chilled the riuer and iced
the ground.
He Whipped the clouds till
tears of SnotD
Began to dress the tDorld In
Unite,
Then he sobbed a soft surrender
And disappeared into the
night.
KothIeen Hurst Seib
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12

@. To whom Is automobile
license number issued In
Illinois?-J. r. A.
A. License number 1 for
1856 was issued to the Catholic
Bishop of Chicago for q 1855
Cadillac sedan.
@. In what year did the
United States issue its first
commemorative stamps? What
were they?-M. L. K.
A. The Post Office Depart
ment says that the first two
commemorative postage stamps
were both issued on July /,
1847. These were the scent
Benjamin Franklin and the
l0-cent George Washington
stamps.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12

years from now, we are going
to note horrible blanks in our
high school, college land men
and women's) understanding
of arithmetic. All they will
know how to do is tricks.
Our educators don't respect
the old systems that hundreds
of years of experience have de-
veloped. Conscientious and
thorough teaching by those old
systems will never get your
name on the front page!
Teacher.
y X X X
If it took DR.. Macvaugh five
hours to explain his method of
teaching arithmetic, obviously
The Star couldn't put it all in
one edition. But from what
you did put in the paper, his
ideas are not exactly new. I
learned arithmetic that way
over IS years ago.
William Plampin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
UnthinkubIe?

IApleSS1lS CIle WISH Cnat this cor
reSpondence will continue for a long
time" Premier Bulganin has described
President EisenhowerS latest letter to
him as very interesting" and good"
This initial reaction, taken together with
the fact that the letter has been fully
and promptly publicized by the Soviet
press and radio, encourages the hope that
the Kremlin may be shifting to position
that will permit some progress to be made
at the coming London disarmament talks.
In any event, Marshal Bulganins
preliminary comment is favorable enough
to suggest that Russia'S collective lead
erShip" may not give completely mega
tive answer to the Presidents proposals
for arms limitation and control. These
proposals call for Q) an elaborate and
unprecedented system of mutual inspec-
ton to reduce the danger of surprise
attack and (2) an agreement under which
the future production of all fashionable
materials anywhere in the world would
be earmarked exclusively for peaceful
purposes. If such setup could be put
into effective working order on a global
scale, it undoubtedly would make pos
Sible the kind of peace in which every
nation could have confidence and feel
reasonably secure. That is why a gen.
timely affirmative Soviet response would
be happy event full of promise for the
whole of mankind.
In connection with his informal
remarks on the Presidents letter, the
Soviet Premier-in an amiable and ban
eign correspondents that he would "wel-
come the opportunity" to go to the
United States, especially Washington.
Mr.. Eisenhower, as he said at his news
conference the other day, has not
thought of such visit as ian immediate
development" but neither has he ruled
it out as an eventual possibility Need
less to say, If the Kremlin would only
cooperate earnestly with the West on
such issues as arms control Germany
and the Middle East, Marshal Bulganin,
Nikita Khrushchev, Defense Minister
Zhukov and RusSia's entire collective
leadership" would be greeted with open
arms in this country-thunderous with
showers of capitalistic ticker tape caress
ing them on the drive through Wall
Street, and with our own streets here
in the Capital lined 10 deep with Ameri-
cans ready and eager to hail them as
friends and men of good will.
Is this too unthinkable a thing to
hope for? Is it inconceivable that the
leaders of Soviet Russia will one day
co-operate-without any "ifs," "buts,"
''maybeS" or mountaineering intrigue
l. = e..
world? God help men and nations every
where, including not least of all Russia
ITSELF if the answer must be no. For the
simple truth is, in this awesome atomic
hydrogen age, that such cooperation is
the only real insurance mankind can
have against self humiliation. If Pre-
mier Bulganin's newest remarks in Mos
COW signify that he and his colleagues
are fully aware of this, the world has
reason to be cheered.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry writerS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKN SERVICE :

A reader can get an enswsr b. mail
Evening star Information Bureau.
1900 Eve ST NV, washingtop 8,
D c Please tnclose eents for
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
NOTICE!

Sealed bids will be received by
the State Board of Education at
Dover, Delaware, until 1870 o'clock
DIST in the afternoon on the 18th
day of June, 1856, for the purchase
of two (2) new automobiles.
IN EXCHANGE for the following
cars:
2-1953 Chevrolet 2-door sedans.
New cars to be equipped with
spare tires, arm rests, hot water
heaters, defrosters, dual wind
windshield wipers, dual sun visors,
directional signals and seat COW
ers. Bids to be received will be
on vehicles of comparable price
range.
Specifications may be procured
at the office of the State Board of
Education, Dover, Delaware, which
will designate nature and type of
used cars to be traded in.
Delivery: Between June 20 and
July 18, 1856.
Bidders must conform to the
laws of the State of Delaware in
such case provided. Address all
bids to T. l.. Herbst, State Board
of Education, Dover, Delaware.
The State Board of Education
may accept or reject any or all
bids, or reduce the number of cars
to be exchanged or purchased.
5-05-2t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
notice.!

Notice is hereby given that Let
ters Administration were in due
form of law granted unto the un-
dersigned, on the 22nd day of May
A. d. 1856, and that all persons
having claims against the estate
of the deceased must present the
same, duly attested, to the said Ar
thur Wiley, Administrator of the
estate of Lille May Wiley, on or
before the 22nd day of May, 1857,
or abide the Act of Assembly in
such case made and provided.
ARTHUR WILEY
Address Administrator
Greenwood, Del. 5-25-3t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
SECRETARY or STATE
HALL OF RECORDS
DOVER, DELAWARE
PROPOSAL FOR STATE
PRINTING

SEALED BIDS, addressed to the
Secretary of State, Hall of Records,
Dover, Delaware, are invited for
the printing and delivery of
$4,000 ANNUAL REPORT
FORMS
SAMPLES are available at the
Office of the Secretary of State,
Hall of Records, Dover, Delaware.
BIDDERS must submit bids upon
forms provided by the Secretary
of State, and which are available
Immediately.
PROPOSALS will be received
until 200 p. NJ, Eastern Daylight
Saving Time, on June IL, 1856.
THE RIGHT is reserved to re-
iect any or all bids.
JOHN N. MCDOWELL
Secretary of State
Dated: May 21, 1856 5-25-2t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
NOTICE!

Kindly take notice that 194S
Chev. Platform Stake Truck Mo-
tor +114RWC 1858 has been re-
possessed from John Henry Turn
er &/or jamie Turner, RID fl
Box 5, Lincoln, Delaware, and will
be sold at Public Auction on June
8, 1856, at Raymond S. Goslee's
Garage at Millsboro at 1000 A. NJ.
MARYLAND CREDIT FINANCE
CORP.
Salisbury, Md. 6-1-1t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
ADVERTISEMENT FOR BID

The Delaware State Police will
receive bids for furnishing ten
(10) deluxe, cylinder, 2 door
sedans. Said vehicles not to list
for more than S2,2O0.00 each. AL
lowance must be made for ten
(1O) standard, 2 door sedans, in
trade.
Bids will be opened Friday, June
1st, 1856, at 1000 A. NJ. EDST.
Specifications may be obtained at
the office of Colonel Harry S. Shew.
State Police Headquarters, State
Road, Delaware. 5-25-2t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
NOTICE.!

The Summer Garbage Collection
Schedule will begin on Monday,
June A, 1856. Garbage will be col
Iected on Monday, Wednesday and
Friday of each week. Garbage must
be set on Curb Sunday night, Tues
day night, and Thursday night as
the hour of collection will remain
the same.
CITY OF MILFORD
6-1-aOW-2f
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
PUBLIC SALE!
OF VALUABLE
Personal Property
SATURDAY, JUNE end, 1856

SATURDAY, JUNE end, 1856
AT 100 p. Nj. %. S. To
/ will offer at Public Sale at the.
home of the late Captain George Ed
ward Jones, on Palmer Str set, in
North East Milton. the following:
HOUSEHOLD GOODS
Walnut dining room suite. kitchen
gas range, F'rigidaire, kitchen cabi-
net. 5-piece bedroom suite, wardrobe.
two u rugs, good; Coleman space
heater, day bed, davesiFert combina
tion; two lounging chairs, porch
chairs, corner table, end table, book
stand, clock, floor lamps, fsw dishes,
pets, pans, garden tools, carpenter
tools, lawn mower, 2 sets garden
hose and many other things too num-
eroIIs to mention.
TERMS: CASH. No goods to be
removed until paid.
MRS. MATTE NJ. JONES. Ownee
Milton, Delaware
George A. Goodwin. Clerk
@. Walter Dickerson, Auctioneer.
5-25-2t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
NOTICE!

Every homes hould own an Am
erican Flag Do you have one? The
Daughters of the American Revo-
luton are selling them and would
be glad to help you. Phone any
member or call Milford 1929.
6-1-2tp
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
COMBTNATTON STORM WINDOWS

AND DOORS FOR SALE-3efore you
buy be sure to see the fine new triple
track sold by us No higher in price.
Call for free home demonstration. No
obligation. Free estimate, no down
payment, three years to pay. Fisher
Ask for Mr.. Truitt. 7-1-tf
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01
RUTGERS TOMATO PLANTS FOR

SALE@Strong, stocky plants, grown
from certified seed, ready about June
1, also cabbage plants, ready now
through June 20, several varieties. f.
H. Hamstead, Greenwood. Phone 42S1.
32-5-1S-4t
Milford chronicle., 1956-06-01

FOR SALE-105 acre farm, near Do
yer. lovely modern home, several out
buildings, including broiler houses,
also all equipment included for 100000.
300 acre grain and dairy farm, near
Harrington, lovely modern home, also
tenant house. with seven rooms and
bath, several outbuildings, in good
condition. and modern. will include
dairy cows and all equipment for
St09, 600 100 acres of clear land near
Dover, S1S 000 Two lovely three bed
room homes, near Frederica with
Dashboard hot water heat, S10,500 and
S11 500 We have several very good
farm lstngs, also houses and busi-
ness places. Call for more informa-
tiOn. Service Realty Company, State
and Loockerman streets, Dover. Phone
6752, or Lulu p. Wilkins, Realtor,
Frederica, phone 5-573S. ll2-5-25-2t