davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Lots of Food in Dovy Jones; Locker
BY THOMAS r. HENRI

5 to 10 per cent at each
step-that Is. S or 10 pounds
Of animal growth for each
100 pounds of food eaten.
1t has been reckoned by one
scientist that 10000 pounds
Of diatoms microscopic sea
plants Is equal to 1000
pounds of copepods. which
produce 100 pounds Of her
ring. leading to 10 pounds Of
mackerel. then to one pound
Of tuna. and finally q tenth Of
o pound Of man."
But, he insists, catch sta
tistics Of the North Atlantic
show that these figures must
be greatly In error. Thus the
latest figures show that the
fish caught from an area Of
about l million square miles, q
sixth Of the total water area,
calculating only three CONVEX
sion steps from diatoms, would
account for all the carbon
fixed for q year in the entire
area by photosynthesis. OBJ
viously only a small part Of
the fish actually were caught.
Three Factors Involved
obviously" he says. "the
productive mechanism at sea
must somehow be much bet
ter than has been supposed.
Either the synthesis of vege-
table matter must be greater
or the efficiency Of food trans
formation better, or the num-
Der Of steps fewer. or some
more favorable combination
Of all three factors must pre-
vail"
One possible factor. he points
out is that warm -blooded land
animals. including man, ex-
pend a good deal Of the food
eaten keeping up their own
body heat. Most sea animals
are cold-blooded, so none Of
the food energy need be wasted
in this way. A far greater pro-
portion can go into meat pro-
duction.
1t also has been found, he
says, that in fish larvae and
young fishes the efficiency Of
food conversion may be as
high as 40 per cent. It de-
clines to from 10 to IS per
cent in adult fishes, for some
unknown reason.
1t is also quite probable, he
says, that young and larval
fish are able to digest diatoms
and other plankton directly,
but as they grow older they
require animal food which is
further and further removed
from the original source. Thus
the step-by-step conversion
hypothesis is only partially
true.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
ArIinqton migration

On what does j, Maynard
Magruder base his charge that
Arlington's indignation plan is
Inconsistent" with proposals
Of the Gray Commission and
out of line in spirit and
facts?
The Gray Plans officially
stated purpose is to avoid en-
forced indignation. To achieve
this central objective, the plan
would allow communities to
follow one or both of two pro-
cedures. Supply tuition grants
to parents preferring to enroll
their children in nonintegrated
schools and}or assign pupils to
schools satisfactory to their
parents.
The Arlington plan will
avoid enforced attendance by
any white child at a school to
which Negroes are admitted.
because it will maintain some
all-white, some all-Negro and
some mixed schools. To do
this, 1t will use the pupil as
signment plan recommended
by the Gray Commission.
The commission report also
states that "the local school
boards must be given wide dis
erection to meet their peculiar
problems" Judging by the
mo- vote on January 8, one
Of Arlington's peculiar" prob
lens is a profound distaste for
tuition grants. 1t Is hard to see
how our school board could
justify plans to use tuition
grants in addition to the pupil
assignment method.
State Superintendent of Edu-
cation Dowell j. Howard says he
can think Of nthing legally
wrong with Arlington's plan.
and our school board says it
will comply with any future
directives from the State that
may develop.
Meantime, as a parent and
taxpayer. am grateful to our
board for choosing the course
that will least harm and dis
turb our schools, while con-
forming both to Federal law
and State policy.
Carolyn H. Planck.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25

resentatives. The death OF
Mrs. Vera D. Buchanan. Demo-
crat Of Pennsylvania. on No
vember 26. 1855. reduced their
number by one. AS Congress
convened for its second session
there were l6 women mem
bers. one Of them q Senator.
@. Was Admiral Richard E.
Byrd the first person to reach
the North Pole by ARP
K. Mem.
A. Admiral Byrd and Floyd
Bennett were the first to do
so. On May 8, 1925, they few
to the Pole, circled 1t. and
crossing all the meridians Of
longitude in one full turn. be-
came the first men to fly
around the world" nonstop.
They did it In ten minutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25

am greatly in favor Of
President Eisenhower running
for a second term. He has
made q great President. giving
the country peace and pros
perity. He has unified the Ma
ton. In 1852 the people liked
Ike. In 1855 the American
people love their President.
There is, however, a national
guessing contest going on at
every street corner, as to
whether or not the President
will choose to run again. 1t is
the privilege Of any American
citizen to put in his specula-
ton. Mine is that under the
kind guidance and wishes of
Mrs. Eisenhower, the President
will elect Of his own free will
and accord 10 retire to his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25

The seas are producing far
more food suitable for humans
than has been estimated In
the past.
Such is the conclusion Of
DR.. Harden F. Taylor, director
Of the marine fisheries survey
Of the University Of North
Carolina. after an extensive
survey Of the food-producing
potentialities Of ocean and
land.
Everything goes back to the
basic photochemical process Of
photosyntheSis by which green
plants trap carbon from the
carbon dioxide of the atmos-
phere and build it into starches
and sugars. the basia food
stuffs. In the ocean the plants
capable Of doing this are ex-
tremely minute. Yet q recent
estimate is that while the total
photosynthesis Of all land
areas on earth amounts to
about 20 billion tons of carbon
fixation a year that of the sea
amounts to at least 1875 billion
tons.
On neither land nor sea is
all this available as food,
either for men or high ami
mails. A considerable part Of
land vegetation, for example,
is in the form of useless stems,
roots and leaves. But man can
use some of it directly as food
and a part is consumed by
animals and transformed into
meat, eggs and milk. Usually,
on land, only one step of food
Transformation from vegetable
to useful animal is involved
with an efficiency varying from
5 to Is per cent. Thus for
each 100 units of vegetable
food energy consumed IN the
case Of cattle. sheep and poul-
try about 5 per cent is re-
coverable as eatable meat. In
hogs the rate is about 40 per
cent. Milk represents about
Is per cent.
Little Eaten by Man
Now. it is claimed, the food
producing processes in the sea
are far less efficient. Little of
the vegetation is eaten di-
rectly by man. For one thing,
1t would be excessively expen-
sive to collect. It first must be
eaten by animals step by step.
each step having its own eff
cheney of Transformation.
These steps" says DR.. Tay-
lor in a report published by
the Woods Hole Oceanograph-
ic Institution, usually have
been assumed to be 4 or
5 and the efficiency about
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25

Dirt. some one said. is mat
ter out Of place.
Weeds, another bright boy
intoned, are flowers where you
don't want 'em.
A hair, Templeton Jones
says, is not something from
the dog that bit you. but may
be a nuisance just the same.
The other day he found a
minute bit of hirsute matter
stuck in the heel of his palm.
1t was a piece of hair not
more than a 10th Of an inch
long, and so small around that
1t could scarcely be seen.
But there it was, as neat a
little spear as anybody would
ever want to see.
The joke was, though 1t
didn't seem so to Jones. that
1t wouldn't come out.
He prodded 1t, poked it, and
pulled it.
He beat at it. struck at it.
and cursed it.
He did everything he could
think of, including a great
washing bee. but when he had
dried his hands, there was the
little spear stuck as firmly as
ever.
He finally had to get a mag
nifying glass and a pair Of
tweezers, before he could grasp
the pesky piece Of stubble and
drag it from its lair.
The strange thing was that
there was no blood whatever,
but our friend put some anti
septic on the place to be on
the safe side.
II the germ theory is true,
or only half-true. as he some
times suspects, it is always a
good thing to treat a place
where something has been out
of place.
y
Jones suspects that many Of
the little nconveniences of
daily life are caused by minute
bits of matter that ought not
to be where they are. He is
sure, now, after this small ex-
perience. that places that hurt
from time to time. especially
in the soles Of the feet. were
due to small ends of hair in
the wrong place. particularly
on the floor.
In most families there is al
ways a good deal Of shipping
going on. trimming and the
like. especially since the bar
bers boosted their prices.
1t would seem to be a good
thing to look for-not the
= silver lining-but the silver or
black or golden or red bit OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
The Stepchiid

80
have been a resident Of
the District for is years. and
/ still find it difficult to believe
that a country calling itself a
democracy can treat this small
fraction Of its citizens in such
an undemocratic way. How
can the 48 States still shame
lessly teach James Otis ia
nous words to their school,
children. Taxation without
representation is tyranny?
These are particularly ap-
propriate words right now. as
a subcommittee of Congress
considers still further increases
in the taxes levied on vote
less District of Columbia. Only
a few years ago there was such
a sharp increase in our taxes
that many pages of newsprint
were devoted to explaining why
they were thought to be nee
essary and justiflable. We were
presented with the sales tax,
increased real estate taxes,
cigarette taxes, Steeply in
creased sewer and water
charges. higher auto registra-
ton fees with no rights Of
transfer or refund. and SINH
lar other charges to finance
public works" All these in
creases were proposed to a
Congress in which We have no
representation. by Commits
sioners whom we do not elect.
For just such reasons our fore
fathers started a revolution.
Now there is talk OF lower
ing the income tax exemption
and still further increases in
the real estate tax. This time
the pangs OF conscience may
be eased a bit by restoring the
81 million in Federal payment
taken away last year In a
truly shocking breach Of faith.
The Districts taxes have
been determined, and will
apparently tinue to be
determined. largely by men
with all sorts of petty motives
and revengeful attitudes, men
with only the thought that
they can save a penny for their
constituents by taking dollar
away from the taxpayers Of
the District. Logic and fair
ness play not the slightest part
In the whole business. There
are OF course a great many
honest and fair-minded Con-
gressmen, and we are CRATE
full for their occasional inter-
vention in the affairs of the
District, but for the most part
they seem to be too busy with
national and world affairs to
bother about US. as is only
natural. All the more reason,
Of course. to let us govern our
selves.
Until this desirable goal
is attained, If it ever is, the
fair and logical way to deter
mine the Federal payment to
the District would be to in
stitute a thorough-going pro-
fessional study Of the extent to
which the Federal Government
constitutes an expense and an
income loss to the District.
Such a study should be made
by impartial experts; they
should consider not only the
direct factors. but also the
extent to which the Federal
taxes paid by District residents
are used to make various pay
ments to States. and the ex-
tent to which residents Of dis
tant States live in the District
without paying District taxes.
II this study is made. and
shows that the Federal pay
ment should be higher las I
feel sure it would, there
also should be a repayment
to the District to compensate
for inadequate Federal pay
ments Of past years, the money
to be used for public works
needed largely as a result Of
these inadequate payments.
NOn-VOting Taxpayer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
Lies Tupestry

Each moment Is iDhdt you
make 1t.
IT'S yours to mold and shape.
But after you'ue nodded your
moment
Then there is no escape.
By carefully shaping the mo-
ments
You build up a pattern OF
years.
Life grants you many chances,
Then matches as pattern
appears.
Elizabeth Ksornsy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
Press Investigation

Please accept our congratu-
lations for your excellent edi-
torial regarding the Eastland
committees investigation Of
the New York Times. Such
prompt and fortnight reac-
ton on the part Of the Ameri-
can press to threats of intimi-
dalton and infringement are
the press and the public's best
defense against what Chief
Justice Warren has called the
erosion" of our ancient lib
critics.
The conduct and reception
Of the Eastland committee
hearings was one of five con-
gressional tests that will indi-
cate the success or failure of
the present extremist effort to
make a comeback. We believe
that, with your help, this test
has been weathered success
fully so far.
George E. Agree,
Executive Secretary, Ma
tional Committee for an
Effective Congress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25

nuence has been declining noticeably and
its power to command nationwide popu-
lar support may have been shaken more
deeply than can be measured immedi-
ately. Mr.. Nehru's own great personal
strength as his country's leader will be
severely tested in his effort to restore
political order during this sixth anniver-
sary week of Indian independence
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-25
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
by THE HASKlN 81

BY THE HASKlN SERVICE
ar to By
E
D
Milford chronicle., 1956-10-12
Safety Council Notes

Darkness hides danger" Fran
els ]. Jamison, Assistant Manager
of the Delaware Safety Council,
declared yesterday, noting that the
Council is emphasizing in its edu-
cational work this month the need
to use extra caution in nighttime
driving ard walking.
The hours of twilight and dark
bring danger OH our roads and
highways, not only to motorists
but also to pedestrians, he said.
Pointing ont that the Safety
Council estimates that the mileage
death rate in an average year is
three times as great at night as in
the daylight hoGrs, Mr.. Jamison
said that 56 per cent of the traffic
deaths in the nation in 1854 oc-
Cured at night.
THE hours particularly fatal
are from p. m. to 8 p. m, when
people are rushing homeward from
work often tired, fretful and inn
patient-and then out again later
for some appointment at which
they always seem to be late,' hs
said.
Mr.. Jamison said there are sew
eral right answers to the question
of night traffic hazards, and all OF
them simple but effective.
''One of the answers is good
walking habits, an alertness and
Milford chronicle., 1956-10-12

Miss Anna Sheppard, who has
been patient in the Milford Mem
orial Hospital, Milford, Del, has
returned home and is improving al
this writing.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence Sammons
and family visited Mrs. Bayard
Messick of Milton last week
Mr.. and Mrs. C. A. Timmons, ST.
spent last week in Pittsburgh, Pa.
Atlantic City, N. j., and New York
City, and while in New York visited
Radio City, and returned home
Sunday evening.
Mrs. NJ. E. Warren motored to
Dover, Delaware, on Tuesday, to
attend the State Convention OF
WSCS as delegate for the society
Mr.. and Mrs. Reuben Hearn and
sons had a delightful trip last
week visiting the various towns oil
lower Sussex County.
Mr.. and Mrs. Horace Long and
daughters were callers in George
town recently.
Mr.. and Mrs. Marion Melvin and
son, Jimmy, of Milford, were Sun
day callers of Mr. and Mrs. Charles
Ellingsworth and sons.
Mrs. Lawrence Stevenson and
family of GEORGETOWN were call
ers of Mr.. and Mrs. w. D. Filings
worth, Jr. and sons on Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Fl Beebe and
family are occupying their new
home in Milford, Delaware.
Mr.. and Mrs. Randolph Cooper
Of Salisbury, Maryland. visited Mrs.
COoper's relatives, and also friends
on Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest Smith and
family had delightful motor trip
on Sunday and called on relatives
in Virginia,
Mr.. and Mrs. James McIlvain and
family of Milford were Sunday
guests of Mrs. Sara McIlvain.
Mr.. and Mrs. Norman Prettyman
are having their home on State St.,
remodeled.
Mrs. Glenn Dill and daughter of
Newark, Delaware, were recent
guests of Mrs. Dill's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Cooper Bostick.
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. G. Smith, Jr. and
daughter, were Sunday callers in
Lewes, Delaware.
Mrs. Evelyn Garfield is recover
ing at this writing from la grippe.
Mrs. Grace Neibert and family
were Sunday dinner guests of Mr..
and Mrs Robert Neibert and daugh-
ter, Jill.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Tucker and
daughters, Bonnie and Sandy, were
Sunday guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Ed
ward J. Clendaniel.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. L. Hayden mo-
tored to Wilmington. Delaware, on
Tuesday.
Mr.. Harry DeLorenzo. is spend
ing a few days with his wife at the
home of her father, Mr.. Frank
Vadakin.
Mr.. and Mrs. John B. Derrickson
of Glendale and great grand
Milford chronicle., 1956-10-12
AnnudlHOmecOn1tng
AU.ofD.October1 13
The Country Will Converge On University
Campus In Newark Tomorrow Saturday

ly elected queen. The crowning Of
the queen will take place this year
at the Homecoming Dance rather
than at the half.
This years hopefuls, all OF
whom will be members of the
Homecoming court are: 10 Hires,
RID. No. /, Salem, N. j.; Mary Nc
Cafferty, 80 Tindall Road, Will
nington; Steffie Klahr, 361 S. Col
lege Ave, Newark; Sue Chasteen,
1908 lowering Ave, Wilmington !;
Nancy Cathcart, Prince Ave,
/ Swanwick, Wilmington; Ann Suth-
erland, 19 Lenape Lane, Newark !;
Pat Erickson. 100 Commonwealth
Ave, Claymont; Mary Ann Craw-
ford, RID. No. 2, Hellam, Pa; Lo-
retta Wagner, 115 East Redding
St, Middletown; Joan Stephens,
213 Village Road, Wilmington; :;
Norma Gray, Paper Mill Road,
Newark; Mary Beth Carney, Mid
dletown Road. Media, Pa; Pat
Samples, 504 West 34th ST., Will
mington; Joan Owens, 300 S. Cliff
ton Ave-, Brack Elk, Wilmington );
Doretta Mueller, 1895 Nottingham
Way, Hamilton Square, N. j.; Kar-
en- Venetian, 1891 oath ST., Long
Island, N. Y; and Marilyn Cook,
423 St. Marks Ave, Westfield, New
Jersey.
Immediately following the game,
the annual goalpost party will be
held at the Newark Country Club
on West Main Street IN Newark.
Hosts and hostesses for this affair
are Mr.. and Mrs. James H. Hal
lett, Jr.; Mr. and Mrs. Grover Sur
ratt; Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond r. At
kins; Mr.. and Mrs. Robert S.
Christfield: Mr.. and Mrs. Lewis 2.
Carey; Mr.. and Mrs. James G. Lew
is; Mr.. and Mrs. Robert G. Cum
uingham; Mr.. and Mrs. Cornelius
V. Robbins, Jr.; Mr.. and Mrs. Lew
is NJ Woodward; Mr.. and Mrs. Lee
]. Mullin; Mr.. and Mrs. John E.
Wilson, Jr.
Alumnae and alumni are also in
vited to attend the Homecoming
Dance, S:0O-12:O0 p. M, at Carpen-
ter Field House. The dance is
sponsored by the Student Govern
ment Association and music will
be provided by George Madden's
orchestra.
Faculty manager of athletics
Raymond B. Duncan reports a
heavy advanced ticket sale for the
game and, given good weather, a
record attendance is expected.
Milford chronicle., 1956-10-12
GLENDALE
By Mrs. Hazel ID. EIlEngswOrth
Phone Milford $500

Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Carpenter
of Lincoln were callers in town last
last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Spicer
were Sunday guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. George KnOtts and Mr. George
EIlingsworth of Clayton, Delaware
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Webb en-
tertained guests from Maryland
during the weekend.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl Campbell of
Midway were dinner guests of Mr..
and Mrs. E. l.. Hayden.
On Saturday evening, October
9th Mrs. Ida Ennis was given a
birthday party by her children, at
her home on McColley Ave Those
present were: Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer
Ennis and family of Glendale. Mr.
and Mrs. Floyd Givens and son of
Milford, Mr.. and Mrs. John B. En-
mis-, Jr. and family of Milford and
Mr.. and Mrs. Preston Shockley
and family of RehobOth. Delicious
refreshments served and Mrs. En-
mis- received many beautiful gifts.
Upon departing all wished her
many more happy birthdays.
On Sunday, Mr.. and Mrs. c. E.
Abbott, Jr. and daughter, Gloria
Jean, accompanied by Mr. and Mrs.
Clarence Abbott Sr motored to
Wilmington, Delaware and visited
Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred Rogers and
family. Mrs. Rogers has been i'll
but is improving at this writing.
Mr.. and Mrs. l. w. Ellingsworth
mOtOred to Petersburg, Va, and
spent the weekend as guests of
their daughter and son-in-iaw, Sic
and Mrs. William o. Holloway and
daughters, Kathy Lea and Billie
Dea.
Mrs. l. w. Warren visited friends
in Dover the past week.
F. w. Ireland spent part of last
week in Wilmington, Delaware.
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Beebe en-
tertained guests last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Lare and
sons visited relatives and friends
during the weekend.
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Warren
spent Sunday as guests of Mrs. C.
Jefferson and Miss Myrtle Jeffer-
son of Georgetown.
Mrs. G. W. Ennis, Sr., was guest
of Mrs. Joan Mitchell and son of
Georgetown on Thursday.
Sunday guests of Mr.. and Mrs.
J. H. Dickerson were: Mr.. and
Mrs. A. D. Moore and son, Jimmie,
of Milton and Mr. and Mrs James
T. Dickerson of Milford.
Mr.. and Mrs E. M. McNatt visited
in Wilmington. Delaware. recently.
Last week Mr. and Mrs. Lester
Hastings entertained Mrs. Eliza
beth Griffith of Harrington, Mr.. and
Mrs. Ira Hammond of Bridgeville
and Mr., and Mrs James Webb of
Dover
Mrs. Lima Marker of Ellendale
and relatives and friends of Ches-
ter. Pa. and Marcus Hook, Pa, are
having a DELIGHTFUL trip south. and
will spend few davs in VIRGINIA
Mr.. and Mrs. Elton Lynch Of
Lincoln were Sunday evening call
ars of Mr.. and Mrs. John B. Der
rickson.
Milford chronicle., 1956-10-12

University of Delaware alumni
and alumnae from near and far viii
be returning to the campus in New.
ark on Saturday, October 18th, tC
attend the 1856 Homecoming Day
festivities.
Principal events of the day in
clude the Bucknell-Delaware foot
ball game at Delaware Stadium
the float parade, the goal post
party following the game, and the
Homecoming Dance in Carpenter
Field House in the evening.
For the convenience of home
coming alumni there will be a
cafeteria style luncheon in Old
College Dining Hall on the North
campus from 11:45 a. m. to 1890
D. m, so that ample time will re-
main for a tour of the campus, at
tendance at the Homecoming par
ade, and an early trip to the stadi-
um. Reservations for the luncheon
must be Tuade in advance.
The float parade will begin its
march to Delaware Stadium al
1890 p. m. Most of the dormitories
and fraternities will be represent
ed in the line of march and many
of the campus living units will be
decorated in keeping with the gala
celebration.
This year, in addition to the ira
ditional cup presented by the un-
dergraduate newspaper, "The Re-
view, for the outstanding float in
the parade, there will be three
monetary prizes awarded for the
best floats. These prizes have been
established by the tenants of the
Newark. Shopping Center.
One of the most hotly contested
rivalries in collegiate football will
be the bill of fare for returning
alumni and other fans. Delaware's s
Blue Hens and the Bisons of Buck
nell first met in 1908 when the Bis
ons copped 1870 decision. The riv-
airy was renewed in 1916 and the
teams have met every year since
that date with the Blue Hens TAX
ing six of the ten contests. Buck
nell Coach Harry Lawrence has
vowed to "get the Blue Hens, but
Delaware has never lost a Home
coming Game in the campus sta
dunn.
During the halftime intermis-
sion, the Homecoming Queen and
her court will be introduced to the
fans. Alfred j. Walters, Jr., presi-
dent of the Student Government
Association, will present the Stu
dent Government cup to the new