davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
FOREIGN EXCHANGE

NEW YORK, April . up, --Foreigr
exchange rates follow Great Britain IN
dollars, others in cents unbalanced I'M
less otherwise notedr
Canadian dollar in New York open
market "a per cent premium or 100, 1881
U. s. cents
Europe: Great Britain pound
81 So .d OF I3@j go day future,
=. - 9I32, of ~: 90 day futures
2.7Sil, of /32: Belgium tfrancl zoos
France franc 2Sss Of a cent; Germany
WESTERN deutsche mark 1850; Holland
,guilder 1913 Italy tliral l6is OF q
cent; Portugal tescudo) $50: Sweden
tkrona) 1924; Switzerland tfranel (free)
% "a; Denmark tkronel IA so
Latin America: Argentina lfreel 25l;
Brazil ifree) las: Mexico S02: Ven
ezuela tbolivarl 1908.
Far East Hong Kong dollar 1850.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
Modern WOOdmen Hold
Conference at Statler

More than 100 State and dis
trict managers of Modern Wood
men of America met today at a
sales conference at the Hotel
Statler. The society's president.
H. L. Ruff Of Rock Island, ILL.,, is
presiding.
Discussions of various devel-
opments in the life insurance
field was the subject of today's
sessions. Two days of sightsee-
ing will follow. Tomorrow night,
a banquet will be held and a
Thursday luncheon will bring
the convention to a close.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09

Courts segregation decision on
the ground that we consider 1t
an unwarranted and unconSti-
tutional invasion of the rights Of
the States to manage their pub
lie school systems within their
borders
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09

STURCiFoLD AHNlNGS-on in
teg5ol port Ct your Thanksgiving -
give lou c protected outdoor room,
keep cut the summers elore ond
oppressive heot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
Security Dealers Holding
Staff Meeting at ShOreham

A staff meeting of the Ma
tional Association of Security
Dealers. comprising some 80 Of
ficials, got under way today at
the Shoreham Hotel. District
secretaries Of the organization
are meeting with the chairman
Of the board. Frank Hunter of
Pittsburgh and Executive Direc-
tor Wallace H. Fulton to map
plans for the immediate future
The association has national
headquarters here at 1925 K
street, NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09

MANY OF THE THINGS you'd pay extra for
on smaller cars come to you as standard equipment
on the brawny Chrysler Windsor.
These include African Seat Cushions Heavy
Duty Oil Bath Filter, Safety Rim Wheels, indie
pendent Parking Brake, Electric Windshield
Wipers, Arm Rests, Direction Signals, Cigar
Lighter and many other luxury extras.
In addition the Chryser Windsor gives you the
greater size and comfort OF fine car, year-ahead
styling with hight-swept tenders and a mighty
arplane-type V-8 engine.
At its price this Chrysler is the value Of the year.
We invite you to come in and compare it'll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
Savings and Loan Delegates
Discuss Problems at Meeting

Better management and a pro-
gram of advertising we're top
topics today at the convention of
the United States Savings and
Loan League at the MayfioWer
Hotel.
About 800 delegates split into
seven discussion groups this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09

The District election is May
l. You can't participate unless
you register as voter by
April is.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
Tractors Exceed Autos

There are some ALSO. 900 trac-
tors on the Nations farms.
$4,000 passenger automobiles.
2,750,000 trucks. 100000 grain
combines and 100000 mechani-
cal corn pickerS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-09
BY WILLIAM A. MILLEN

: The American Retail Fedora
ton, which opened a three-day
session today at the Hotel
Statler, will hear a discussion of
President Eisenhower's eco
Monies.
DR.. Gabriel Hauge, admins
trative assistant to the President
for economic affairs, will ad-
dress tomorrow's Federation
luncheon. His topic: THE
Presidents Economics. Vice
President Richard M. Nixon will
be a Wednesday luncheon guest.
The federation's goth annual
sessions will be devoted to "a
wide range of matters concern
ing the conditions under which
the retail industry must live and
which affect the earnings they
can retain" President Rowland
Jones, jr, said.
These include: The Federal
wage-hor law, the Taft-Hart-
ley law. social security, unem-
ployment compensation, equal
pay for women. transportation,
postal service. taxation. eco
nomic controls. tariffs. trade
practices, Federal expenditures,
Federal reporting programs and
Government competition with
business.
Annual Reports Scheduled
To Be Presented at Meeting
Annual reports to be presented
to the convention include: Presi-
dent Jones, Secretary Ralph
Lazarus. executive vice president,
Federated Stores. Cincinnati.
and Treasurer Theodore Schle-
singer. vice president of Allied
Stores. New York.
Executives of State groups and
members of the Central Council
of National Retail Associations
are meeting in separate eXecu-
tive sessions today. This eve
ming the federation's Executive
Committee will assemble. The
annual meeting of the Board of
Trustees will be held Wednes-
day with election Of officers and
Executive Committee members.
Then John T. Skolfield, chair
man of the Board of Trustees
and president of the Gardiner
Hardware Co.. Gardiner. Me.
will make his annual report.
Theodore F. Koop. director of
news and public affairs of the
Columbia Broadcasting System
here. will speak at luncheon
Wednesday.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20
HOW MUCH OCEAN
NOWADAYS CAN
A NATION CLAIM?
Claimed Ownership of Ocean
Boundaries Have Varied
Through the Gen.
furies

Washington-International ju-
rists are seeking an answer to a
puzzle as old as the saga of sea-
faring: How much ocean can a
nation call its own?
Under modern theory the high
seas belong to everybody. By time
honored precedent a nation may
control no more of it's offshore
waters than an eighteenth-century
cannon could shoot-one league or
three nautical miles. In actual
practice nations throughout the
world are putting "No Trespass-
ing" signs on coastal belts extend
ing from four to 200 miles from
their mainlands.
Some neighboring nations think
that is bending the principle of
freedom of the seas too far. Out
of-bounds waters present a parti-
cular problem to far-ranging fish
ermen and planners of hemisphere
defense. In an effort to settle the
intricate problems of oceanic geo.
graphy, however, the United Ma
lions this year will receive pro-
posals from its International Law
Commission for new rules befit-
ting present-day conditions.
Oceans Not Always Free
World seas were not always free
and common to all nations, the
National Geographic Society says.
Nearly every great maritime
power, at one time or another,
staked a claim over immense areas
of water. In some instances alien
ships had to call at certain ports,
and pay ceremonial honor to the
mistress" Of the seas.
The first Phoenicians no doubt
considered the Mediterranean Sea
to be their exclusive highway. At
the height of it's power as city
state, Venice looked upon the
Adriatic Sea as a private lake and
levied tribute upon foreign ships.
The Roman Empire, after victory
ever Egypt, claimed the entire
Mediterranean as Mare nostrum or
"Our Sea-"
Ocean-grabbing became fragrant
in the sixteenth century. Spain
and Portugal literally divided up
the waters Of the New World.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

When Great Britain ruled the
waves, the North Atlantic was re-
ferred to as the English Sea-
The right to claim sovereignty
over high seas was not questioned.
A Dutch jurist, Hugo Grotius,
so forcefully enunciated the prin-
ciple of freedom of the seas in
1909 that it was gradually accept
ed by all nations. His compatriot,
Cornelius van Bynkershoek, is
credited with popularizing the
cannon-shot rule.
Fishermen Barred
Today, fewer and fewer nations
accept the three-mile limit. 1t is
unlawful, for instance, for foreign
fishermen to drop nets within IL
miles of Soviet Russia, Colombia,
or Guatemala. Chile, Ecuador, Peru
and 70-mile-wide Ell Salvador claim
2OO-mile belts in the Pacific Ocean.
While holding to the three-mile
limit, the United States and
number of other nations have re-
served the right to exploit natural
resources-chiefly oil and other
minerals-in the seabeds of their
continental shelves" The width
of the submerged rim of North
America ranges from a mile off
parts of California to some 200
miles off Cape Cod.
Even as nations seek peaceful
guide to their age-old problems
Of sovereignty in troubled waters,
jurists are confront
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20
NEW FORESTRY PROGRAM
UNVEILED THIS WEEK

Plans for a new program to help
increase income of Tar Heel tim
Der growers through better mar
keting were revealed this week at
N. C. State College, according to
D. S. Weaver, Extension Service
director.
The program will provide prac-
teal information to farmers and
other forest owners on timber
products specifications, grading
methods, measurement practices,
demand trends, price factors, and
existing market outlets.
An additional objective of the
program is to keep forest owners
up to date on new marketing OPP
portunities as they develop through
the establishment of new wood
using industries and through
changes in raw-product require
ments of existing plants.
An expert of forest products
marketing practices and problems
will be hired to head the program.
He will work with county agents
over the state, assisting them in
organizing marketing tours for
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20
FISHERIES COMMISSIONER
IN NORTH CAROLINA HAS
BEEN FISHERMAN HIMSELF

Morehead City.-C. Gehrmann
Holland, who is State fisheries
commissioner and as such the head
of the Department of Conserva-
ton and Developments Division
of Commercial Fisheries, was well
versed in the art of commercial
fishing before he took over his
present job.
He was sheriff of Carteret coun-
ty from December 5, 1888, to No
vember 1, 1853, when he resigned
to become State fisheries commits
sioner, with headquarters at More
head Citv.
Prior to becoming sheriff of the
coastal county, one of the richest
in commercial fishing, Holland, a
native of Beaufort where he still
makes his home, had been a COM
mercial fisherman. 81 know the
problems confronting the CONNER
cial fishermen of North Carolina
and I consider it an important
part of my duty to help solve as
many of these problems as / ca.,"
Holland said.
1t is estimated by CID Depart
ment officials that $4,000 or morc
persons living in coastal North
Carolina are dependent wholly or
in part on commercial fishing for
their chief means of livelihood.
The value of commercial fishing
to the States general economy
cannot be over-emphasized.
Shell and fin fish taken from
North Carolina waters from 1852
through 1854 had total overall
value of $19,577,478 as compared
with $16,367,6 in the 1950-52
biennium.
Commissioner Holland and his
aides are now nearing completion
of an oyster planting program in
waters recommended for such
planting by the Institute of Fish
cries Research, headed by DR.. A.
F. Chestnut and which is branch
of the University of North Caro-
lima.
Enforcement of laws and regula-
tions governing the taking of COM
mercial fish from the States
coastal waters is one of Hollands
major tasks. Not only is the en-
forcement of such laws necessary
from a conservation standpoint
but the very existence of the divi-
sion depends largely upon the Ii
cense fees it collects to keep it
going.
Holland is married and the
father of a son, Gehrmann II, who
was a member of the freshman
basketball team at the University
of North Carolina.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20
DON'T LOCK UP THE CAT
WHEN YOU GO ON VACATION

Raleigh.-State police in Mis-
souri, are telling their citizens not
to forget to put the cat out before
showing off on vacation.
Same deal in North Carolina
where state troopers are seldom
surprised at the many things that
folks forget to do before leaving
for mot.r trip.
One of the most important
things troopers say to remember is
to make a list of the places you
are going and the dates, along
with description of your car and
its license number.
Quoting Missouri officials
"There is hardly a day during the
vacation season when our officers
are not called on to look for vaca-
tioning motorists and it is
rare when the license number or
description of the car they are
driving is known"
The same thing prevails in Va
riety Vacationland, according to
Col. James r. Smith, state high
way patrol commander.
For vacation travellers, Col.
Smith recommends three other i'm
portant things to do before leav-
ing on vacation motor trip:
Check your car to be sure it is
in safe operating condition. Brakes,
light, windshield wipers are inn
portant points to check.
Allow adequate travel time to
your destination so speed can be
held to a safe rate. Include fire.
quent rest stops.
When travelling away from
North Carolina, drivers should be-
come acquainted with traffic laws
and regulations in states through
which they intend to travel.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

Speaking of high schools these
days, I was privileged to attend
the first high school in Dare Coun-
ty for parts Of four terms, in the
last two years having to stop in
the latter part of the term and
take jobs. Once / fired a one-horse
sawmill; again worked in a small
store and canning factory, painted
signs, or cut mill logs, etc. In those
days there would be many weeks
without work, but ! lived for free
on the hard labor Of a frail and
patient parent who never COM
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

planned of his burdens.
/ didn't ride to school on any
kind of vehicle, but walked four
miles each way each day. The walk
to school took an average of 45
minutes, but each stroll was worth
a darn sight more to me than
riding a bus would have been. For
l learned more while trudging
along those leafy, sheltered wind
ing roads than / got in the school
room. The movements of various
birds and animals, the doings of
the people along the road, the
visits to these people, required of
me by occasional showers of rain
taught me many lessons. 1t was
on these strolls l developed help
full memory by committing to mind
many long poems. Here learned
"Gray's Elegy", and "Thanatop-
SIS" and the "Ancient Mariner"
and many of the shorter poems of
Longfellow, Keats, Hood, Byron,
Burns, etc. also learned some
things not in the curriculum. !
could quote the entire Rubaiyat of
Omar Khayam, and also IngersolPs
grafton at the 'Tomb of Napoleon" "
which consider one of the great
est sermons ever written.
It would be neither safe nor
pleasant now to attempt to walk
four miles to and from school
along our super-highways these
days, where violent engines of
destruction in all sorts of hands
streak by us or thunder past with
din and dust and threatened dis
aster. No longer can we pursue
our pleasant strolls through the
nodding pines, down the leafy,
pleasant lanes, beside the shelter
ing hedges, or cut across the fields
nor find the winding paths around
the rail fences or upon a ditch
bank whereby distance might be
diminished and new friends en-
countered on every trip.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

forest owners, to acquaint them
with marketing opportunities in
reasonable hauling distance of
their holdings.
The new program will be sup
ported through public funds avail
able through the Agricultural
Marketing Administration of US
DA. Matching funds for three
year period are being provided
through State Colleges Agricul-
tural Foundation; McCulloch Mo-
tors of Los Angeles, Calf; and
Carolina Chain Saw and Equip
ment Co., Shelby, McCulloch dis
tributor for North and South Caro-
lima.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20
ocRAcoKE PERSONALS


Recently spending a week with
her grandmother, Mrs. Myra ALI
good. was Miss Sandra .Gilgo OF
Atlantic.
Visiting Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson
Jackson are Mr.. and Mrs. Matthew
Gaskins and daughter, Edith Ann,
of Tangier Island.
Mrs. Eva Williams and Mrs
Irene O'Neal recently spent few
days in Sea Level.
Mr.. and Mrs. Shelby Burgess
and family of Raleigh, are visiting
Mr.. and Mrs. Irwin Forbes.
Miss Faye Thorpe of Hawthorne
Calf. has arrived to spend few
weeks with her grandmother, Mrs
Eleanor Burrus and to join he1
mother, Mrs. Amy Thorpe, who has
been here about a month. They
plan to return to California some
time in August.
Mrs. Fannie O'Neal has as visit
ors her daughter, Mrs. Joe Smith
and granddaughter, Helen Louise,
of Beaufort.
Mr.. and Mrs. James D. Garrish,
Jr., of Columbia, S. c., have re-
turned home after visiting their
parents. Mrs. Earl H. Gaskins and
daughters returned with them to
spend few weeks.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dave T. Williams
and family of Philadelphia, Pa
recently visited Mr.. Williams
mother, Mrs. Annie Williams.
Here for the week end from Nor
folk, were Miss Virginia Howard
visiting her brother, Taft Howard
and family and Miss Patsy Will
Hams visiting her grandmothers,
Mrs. Eleanora Balance and Mrs
Lola Williams.
Mr.. and Mrs. Theodore Rond-
thaler left for Winston-S Salem last
Friday. Mrs. Rondthaler is visiting
at the home of Bishop Howard
Rondthaler while Mr.. Rondthale1
is hospitalized at City Memorial
Hospital in Winston-Salem. Their
daughter, Mrs. George MCDOWELL
returned with them having spent
several days here.
Here after five year absence
is DR.. and Mrs. w. L. Rumsey and
daughter of Elizabeth, N. j.
MIR. and Mrs. Austin and family
of Concord, friends of Miss Susan
Barksdale, occupied the Benjamin
Spencer cottage last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. B. Dillwortf
and daughters, Lynn and Kathy
and friend Kathy Maher, of Hins'
dale, Ill. are spending some time
here, having been visitors here
three times previously.
Mrs. H. M. Jacobs, the former
Miss Nina Gibbs, of New Berr
spent several days here recently.
Mrs. Mary O'Neil is spending g
few days in Hatteras and Manteo
visiting her brothers.
Mrs. U. L. Womac has returned
home after being hospitalized 9
few days in Sea Level Hospital.
Leon johnson arrived Saturday
to join his wife, Melba Johnson
who is visiting her mother, Mrs
Lola Williams.
David Styron returned to Will
mington, Del. Sunday after spend.
ing a month at home.
Recent visitors of Mr.. and Mrs
Fletcher Hoggard were Mr.. Hog
CARDS parents and family of Vir-
GINA Beach.
Mr.. and Mrs. James T. Williams
and family of Durham, and Mrs
Williams mother, Mrs. Vaughn
are visiting here for a few weeks
Mr.. and Mrs. Cliff Vaughn and
family of Winston-S Salem, are
spending a few weeks here.
Mrs. Annie Dudley and grand.
son, Julian, of Washington, are
visiting Mrs. Dudley's brother
Hitious O'Neal.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

ed with another puzzler born of
modern times: Agreement on the
use of outer space when man
travels beyond the earth's atmos-
phere.
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

1855 Chrysler 4-dOOr
1856 Ford 2-doog, Cd. R&H,
WSW
1854 Chevrolet 4-dOOr
1863 Buick 4-dOOr, extra clean
1858 Ford 4-dOOr, Heater
1858 Mercury HardtOp, 2-dr.
1862 DesOtO 4-dO0r R&H, like
new
1851 Chevrolet, extra clean
1851 Chevrolet 4-dOor PIG.
1861 Kaiser 4-dO0r, 3D.,
Heater
1851 Ford 2-dOOr V-S
1860 Chrysler, 4-dOOr
1850 DesotO 4-dOOr
1850 Studebaker 4-dOOr
1913 Chrysler 4-doOr
Chrysler coupe $500
1889 Ford 4-dOOr, $500, runs
good, Licensed
TRUCKS
1853 Ford Pickup
1853 Ford 2-tOn, 172 in. w.b.,
S:25 X 20 tires, 2-speed
axle, like new
1851 Ford h-tOn Pickup
l949 Chevrolet 1,-tOn Pickup
lR. D.. SAWYER
MOTOR COMPANY
Your FORD Dealer
Ph0ne TIC ManteO
N. C. License No. 1869
The coastland times. [volume] (Mnateo [i.e. Manteo], N.C.) 1947-1959, 1956-07-20

Lawyers give freely of their
time to make sure each adoption
processed by the Children's Home
Society of N. C. has every legal
protection.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01

Mr.. and Mrs. Leonard DeVeaux,
brother and sister-in-law of Mrs.
Elmira DeVeaux Wilburn of 551
NV 18th Street, arrived in Mi
ami on Monday on a honey moon
"trip. Mr.. and Mrs. DeVeaux were
married on last Saturday in CO.
llImbia, S. c. While in the city the
newlyweds are stopping at the
home of Mr.. DeVeaux's mother,
Mrs TereSeta DeVeaux at 1927
NV 58th Street. The length of the
newlyweds' stay in Miami is in
definite.
Mrs. DeVeaux is a licensed
practical nurse in Columbia, S. c.,
and Mr.. DeVeaux is an expert
enced tile-sitter. Mrs. DeVeaux is
the former Miss Agnes Rawlin-
son, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Joseph Hoff of Detroit, Michigan,
and granddaughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. William Rawlinson of CO.
lumbia.
Mrs. Wilburn is the wife of Mr..
Johnny w. Wilburn of Miami.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01
Corey VS.. O'Brien
In Court Martial
Scenes of Crack"

Wendell Corey and Edmon
O'Brien match legal wits in
M-G-M's controversial drama,
1.-THE Rack" co-Starring Paul
Newman, Walter Pidgeon, Anne
Francis and Lee Marvin.
Corey portrays Major Sam
Moulton, assigned by the Army to
prosecute an American f r
decorated for .heroism in Korea
before becoming a prisoner of
war, then accused of collaboration
with the enemy.
OBrien plays the part of 1t.
Col. Wasnick, counsel for the &C
cu0ed officer paul Newman).
Corey recently scored in she Big
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01

Knife" and THE Killer Is Loose,
while OiBr'en mo7' ~""""' e,
titled 1884," was made abroad.
"The Rack" starts SUNDAY at
LibCity Drive In Theatre.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01
LUTEN TAYLOR

Landscaping and overhauling for
Chinch Bugs
TopSoil bitter blue grass all
orts of shrubs = Zoyas Matrells
6232 NV. l4th. Ave.
Phone PL 4-8945
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01

Mrs. Lucille Hepburn Morley
of Polk Street, Richmond Heights,
was member of the recent grad
uation class of the Sunlight School
of Beauty Culture. Wife Of Hart
man Morley and daughter OF Mrs.
Virginia Hepburn of 1887 N. w.
First Place and Mr.. Herbert Hep
burn of Nassau, Bahamas, Mrs.
Morley is scheduled to be a beauty
operator at Mabel's Beauty Salon,
1886 NV Third Avenue.
The Miami times. [volume] (Miami, Fla.) 1923-current, 1956-12-01

HOTHOUSE GROWN 6EAUTIrS-Ine coeus, not
the NUNS shown here part of Tennessee State Uni
versiys collection of beauties which will be display at
t Orange Blossom Classic. These chrysanthe
NUNS propagated and grown part of expert
by Neal NcApin, who heads ornamental horticul-
ture at the university They destined ito ~each the
surdier plants at better prices The other
beauties shown Annie Marie Davis Qef), daughter
of Mr. and Mrs Charles Hayes Huntington w Va, SEN
or and Albertha Daniels daughter of Mr. and Mrs Sam
Daniels Notasuga Ala sophomore They will be on hand
to welcome visitors.-Photo by Clanton III.