davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
In DixieI0nd::
Political Quiet

Leaders of the Democratic Party
in the South, who began the political
year with angry threats. had tenn
pered their Dixie bellicosity enough
by last week to meet calmly in At
lanta and ask for compromise, har-
mony and understanding at the
Chicago convention beginning next
week.
The caucus, which included top
Democrats from IL States. mapped
civil rights strategy program which
said the Southerners recognized "the
problems and political necessities
of other States and we insist that
they in turn recognize ours"
Moderotes in Control
The Stevenson faction of mod
crate" has different mean
ings in different sections of the
Nation-was clearly in control of
the pow-wow. The meeting, at
tended by such opposing personali-
ties as Senator John Sparkman of
Alabama and South Cardinals fire.
brand Gov. George Bell Thinner
man. UNDERSIGNED the growing
strength of Dixie's moderate"
loyalists and seemed to point to
convention that will not likely be
plagued by the old North-South
wars.
The major consideration, of
course, was the probable complex
ion of the conventions civil rights
platform. The Platform Commit
tee, chaired by Representative
John Mccormack of Massachu-
sets, begins its deliberations in Chi
cago tomorrow. Most of the Atlanta
leaders seemed to feel that civil
rights plank no stronger than the
one written in 1852 would cause no
dissidence this year.
The Atlanta conference grew out
of a plea some weeks ago by Gov.
Zimmerman for Southern unity at
the convention. The unity which
the South Carolinian had in mind,
however, was a solid Confederate
front against the goth century. He
got little encouragement, even from
the Governors of Georgia and Mis-
sissippi, and when the caucus met,
Gov. Zimmerman found men of his
persuasion in the minority.
Evin's Statement
Two days before the meeting,
Senator Sam Erwin of North Caro-
lima, a member of the conventions
Platform Committee, made it plain
that the 1852 civil rights plank.
which sent four Southern States to
the Republican column, would be
agreeable this year.
The deliberations of the Platform
Committee, however, were not likely
to be held in an atmosphere of
sweetness and light. Action was
promised from an obdurate faction
of civil rights champions led by
Representative Emanuel Celler of
New York, who fought the losing
battle for civil rights legislation
in the closing days of the 84th
Congress.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
Neutral Burma:
Invasion filters

Burma last week was battling an
invasion" of Chinese Communist
forces along her wild and largely
underlined mountain border. On
Tuesday. Rangoon announced that
some 500 Chinese Red troops had
occupied about 1000 square miles
OF Wa province and had dug in.
Clashes with Burmese units were
reported, with some casualties
But Peiping says it just isn't so.
The Peiping Peoples Daily, author
itative voice of the government.
fatty denied there was either an
invasion or a plan to invade. Per-
haps, the Chinese newspaper sug-
gested. there was doubt about Just
where China ceases and Burma be-
gins But border disputes. it went
on. should be settled in a friendly
spirit. through normal diplomatic
channels.
The area involved is the same
where large numbers of Chinese
Nationalist troops, fleeing the Reds,
took refuge in l948 and 1919. These
Chang Kai-shek forces refused to
move, and were the basis for
Burmese protests to the United
Nations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
NATO Plea
To Iceland

The North Atlantic Treaty Or
SANITATION acted last week to keep
intact its system of defense air
bases. On Friday the North At
lantic Council, supreme governing
body of NATO, confirmed reports
that it had asked Iceland to con-
tinue permission for the United
States air bases at Keflavik.
The council acted in response TO
"a formal request OF the Iceland
government for a recommendation
The request was made in accord
ance with the provisions of the
United States Iceland defense
agreement Of 1851. Under the
terms Of that agreement the re-
quest itself serves as a first step
toward the closing OF the United
States base 10 months from now.
In recommending that the tiny
island republic allow the base TO
remain the council declared that
"a careful examination Of the
political and military situation
concluded that the ststioning OF.
forces in Iceland and the main
tenance Of installations in a state
Of preparedness continues TO be
necessary"
The opinion Of the Council has
no coercive effect on Iceland. and
may do nothing TO change the
sentiment OF the nation for an
early withdrawal Of American armed
forces. At any time after next
February /. Iceland may properly
notify the United States OF her
desire 10 terminate the defense
Continued on Page A-26
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

In his address Mr.. Dulles made
plain that the United States is re-
lying on moral force" rather than
military or economic measures to
bring a settlement at Suez. On the
other hand, to accept the Nasser
naturalization, he said, would be
to encourage breakdown of the
international fabric upon which the
security and well being of all peo-
Piles depend"
Mr.. Dulles stressed that the
United States had made no COM
mitments as to what policy to pur-
sue in 1.-The unhappy contingency"
that the conference bid should fail.
Yesterday London sources viewed
Egypt's initial reaction to the con-
ference proposal as encouraging.
There had been no official COM
ment from Col. Nasser. But a close
aide, although complaining that
Egypt was being invited to the
parley under a threat of armed
force and economic pressure, sig
niflcantly did not reject the pro-
poSal.
Yet a rejection is possible, and
II it comes the Big Three will prob
ably face the bitter choice of using
military force, or of acquiescing
in the Nasser seizure. Much will
depend on the attitude of the
Soviet Union, nation very little
involved in the fate of the Suez
Canal, but very much involved in
the intensifying rivalry for infu-
,ence in the boiling Middle East.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
The Democrats

On the Democratic side of the
fence, activity in the race for Sec
ond place on the ticket increased
the possibility that the conventions
at both San Francisco and Chicago
may offer the most interesting COM
petition in the vice presidential
races.
Estes Kefauver on Tuesday spoke
the hardest words politician ever
has to utter He announced that he
was pulling out Of the race for the
Democratic presidential nomination
because he didn't think he could
win. He urged his considerable fol-
lowing represented by about 200
convention votes TO support Adlai
Stevenson.
No 'Deols'
Mr. Stevenson and the Senator
both maintained that no deals"
had been made and as for any
vice presidential aspirations. Sem
ator Kefauyer said Wen cross
that bridge when We come TO It. ;"
Stevenson supporters Immediately
saw the new development as IN
creasing their mans preconyention
strength to the point Of assuring
him the nomination on the first
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

further the Vests prestige in the
Middle East;
. Set in motion military action
against Egypt, reoccupy the Canal
Zone, and incur the disapproval of
all the worlds neutralS as well as
that of the Arab states;
OThreaten military action unless
Egypt rescinds the naturalization,
a threat that would have to be car
ried out. once made, unless the West
were prepared to accept a cata-
strophic moral defeat:
. Attempt peaceful solution
through broad-based international
participation, concentrating more
on keeping the canal open and less
on Furnishing Col. Nasser or on
setting East against West.
Last Thursday Mr.. Lloyd, Mr..
Dulles and Mr.. Pineau chose the
fourth alternative. They issued a
formal call for a 24-nation inter-
national conference to be held in
London August Is TO establish
operating arrangements under an
international system designed to
secure the continuity of operation
of the canal as guaranteed by the
convention of October 20, 1888 :"
Invitations to the conference will
go to Egypt and to the Soviet
Union.
And by way of emphasis on
the serious view the Big Three
take of the Suez seizure, Britain
ordered partial mobilization. A
royal proclamation empowered the
government to call up all organized
reserve forces. At the same time
all British subjects in Egypt were
warned to leave unless their duties
required them to remain. And
France concentrated her Mediter-
ranean squadron at Toulon with
orders to be prepared for immediate
action.
1t was generally believed that
the United States position taken at
the London parley was heavily on
the side of moderation. Mr.. Dulles
is said to have pressed the view
that any retaliatoH military move
against Egypt would only strength
en- Col. Nasser'S hand, while at the
same time weakening the Vests
standing in the eyes of the neutrals
of the world
The 1883 Convention
The Big Three statement, in re-
ferring to the convention of Octo-
Der 20, 1888" was calling attention
to the long accepted precedent for
international participation in the
operation of the Suez Canal. This
question of formal internationali-
cation of the waterway was raised
during the Anglo-Egyptian crisis
OF 1922, when the British COM
mander in Egypt had closed the
canal to shipping for four days.
After very lengthy deliberations.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
NATIONAL SCENE
Health Issue Again
NATIONAL SCENE

President Eisenhower, whose bid
foi reelection next November
will depend to a great extent on
how we'll he can convince the cleo
torate that he is physically up to
four more years in his Furnishing
job, let 81 reporters see for them
selves last week how his GONZALES
cence has progressed.
The newsmen left the old EXecu-
tive Offices Building, site of the
Presidents meetings with the press
corps, in general agreement on one
paint: Mr.. Eisenhower looked thin
ner than he did before his ileitiS
attack and subsequent operation
eight weeks ago.
Not only did the President look
thinner. He was thinner. A year
ago his weight was 178 pounds 1t
dropped I'd 1853 after his heart at
tack and fell to 1874 after his
June operation. At 1913 pounds to-
day, Mr.. Eisenhower has regained
five pounds of the 10 his last illness
cost him.
While the reporters could agree
that his clothes seemed to hang
loosely on his frame, there was some
dissimilitude of opinion on the
Presidents overall appearance. The
Baltimore Sun found him "paler,"
while The Wall Street Journal noted
that he was "pink-cheeked." The
New York Herald Tribune reporter
detected a keen. quick, self-pos-
Sessed" manner about Mr.. Eisen-
hover, but The New York Times
thought his step was slower and
his voice seemed less robust"
Yesterday, the President played
golf-four holes-for the first time
since June 8.
Before the news. conference, the
President was checked by three
doctors, including Maj. Gen. How
ard McC. Snyder, his personal
physician. DR.. Snyder soon was
buttonholed in the White House
by some of the reporters. He told
them that the mornings examina-
ton had included an electro-cardi-
ogram and chemistry tests, and
that the former showed no de-
terioration" in the Presidents heart
condition.
Mr.. Eisenhower himself had a
few things to say at the conference
about his health and how he was
feeling.
In answer to questions, he told
the reporters:
That he feels good" now, but
not "as we'll as I did a year ago."
Every day since his operation has
seen him feeling better.
. He has no doubt that his health
can stand another term in the
White House.
. He has not, contrary to several
reports. been suffering from dysen-
terry.
. His doctors had told him that
there we're only four cases on record
of persons of his advanced age be-
ing stricken with ileitiS, and that
in none of the four were there any
occurrences.
There was no backing away from
what has become known as the
Health" issue. The issue. he said
frankly, involves "a decision the
American people are going to have
to face"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

veteran of World War II and Ko-
rea. had hoped to improve the per-
Torrance Of his tagging recruit
platoon by this form of punish
ment-not unknown, it developed,
at Paris Island.
The verdict could hardly have
surprised anyone. Throughout the
historic trial the wiry. fiery civilian
defense attorney, Emile zola Ber-
man. drew attention from the per-
sonal crime of the sergeant by
pointing the finger at Marine Corps
training methods. If the sergeant
was guilty Of the felony charges,
then the Corps itself was guilty. At
the end Of the proceedings, sitting
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
The Vice Presidency

In the context of the health is
sue. there is, however, another de-
clsion that will be put up to the
voters. 1t is the determination of
the fitness of the vice presidential
candidate. and Mr.. Eisenhower
spoke at length on this subject, too.
Once again he was given the OPP
portunity-even invited-to silence
the anti-Nixon talk in the Republic
can Party. which in recent days
has become an overt dump Nixon"
drive. AS he has before, the Presi-
dent was free with verbal tributes
to Vice President Nixon. He re-
peated that there should be no
doubt about my satisfaction with
him as running mate" But Mr..
Eisenhower said he wants the Re-
publican convention to be "open,"
and, with a straight face, he re-
minded reporters that he himself
hadn't been nominated yet, an OBJ
servance greeted by considerable
laughter. He refused to name any
possible alternates to Mr.. Nixon.
OAAC AACWoPdPC1 oolQ was
neutral in favor of everyone"
Asked if he felt that he had COM
mitted himself to Mr.. Nixon. the
President replied that he was not
exactly sure Of what the reporter
meant by committed yourself"
Mr.. Eisenhower was reminded that
he had once said that if anyone
ever proposed dump-Nixon move
ment. that he would create quite a
commotion in his Office. The re-
porter wanted to know if there had
been any such commotion follow
ing the quixotic move by Harold
Stassen to remove Mr.. Nixon. Mr..
Eisenhower said that no one had
proposed to him that Mr.. Nixon be
dumped. Most reporters continue
to regard Mr.. Nixon as the heavy
favorite for denomination.
Mr.. StaSsen. meanwhile, took
four-week unpaid leave from his
post as Mr.. Eisenhower's disarma-
ment aide to promote his favor
lite, Massachusetts Gov Christian
Herter, for the vice presidency. Mr..
Stassen, apparently as confident as
ever OF success, opened an Essen
hover Helter" campaign head
quarters here at 1910 K street NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

in the chair of the accused was not
Sergt. McKeon. but the Marine
Corps and its glory.
Perhaps Mr.. Berman's best ma
neuver was his call for the present
Marine commandant, Gen. RAN
dolph Nice. Pate. and bemedaled,
crusty, tough-man 1t. Gen. Lewis
d. CChesty) Fuller, as defense wit
nesses. Gen. Pate. who shortly
after the incident had told Con-
gress the Corps was on trial lin
a moral sense just as much as is
Sergt. McKeon," told his subordi-
mates on the court that the sergeant
only deserved a one-step demotion
and a transfer for stupidity"
Gen. Fuller, speaking with the
authority Of Marine Corps legend
in which he himself is revered
leading character, said the night
march was good training, not OPP
preston Of troops. He added that
he believed Gen. Pate "agrees and
regrets that this man was ever
ordered 10 trial by general court
martial"
Though the main ordeal for
Sergt. McKeon may have been over,
it was hardly likely that the trial
OF the Marine Corps was finished.
The families of the dead boys we're
indignant. One mother cried
"whitewash. Their anger, the
apprehension Of other families
with boys in the Marines, and
the Indignation OF other pri-
vate-citizen onlookers could hardly
avoid coming to Congress atten-
ton. Many Congressman have al
ready demanded that the Marine
Corps find new means Of making
men out Of boys.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
Did Punishment Fit the Crime?

The elite United States Marine
Corps, which likes to think it is
the proudest and toughest fighting
force in the world, in effect exon
Grated itself last week Of charge
that it had been too tough in train
ing its warriors.
In acquitting the Marine Corps
the military court composed most
ly Of Marine officers) also acquitted
S Sergt. Matthew C. McKeon on
charges of manslaughter. oppres-
sion of troops and conduct detri-
mental to the service. 1t found
him guilty Of negligent homicide
misdemeanor, not a felony-and
drinking on duty.
Yesterday, the court handed the
sergeant a tough sentence in
view Of the temperate verdict.
A bad conduct discharge. nine
months in prison at hard labor.
demotion TO private, and forfeiture
Of $50 month pay for nine
months The maximum penalty
permitted under the charges would
have been three years in prison. a
dishonorable discharge. forfeiture
OF all pay and allowances, and
demotion to the lowest enlisted
grade. The verdict and the sem
tence are subject to review by the
Secretary Of the Navy. who could
suspend. dismiss or modify the
action.
The crime was the drowning Of
six young Marine recruits, who we're
led to their death by the drill in
structor-sergeant on a night march
into tidal creek at the Marine
base at Paris Island. S. c., last
April 8.
The 3l-yesr -old sergt. McKeon.
The guardian., 1956-09-08

Before a country goes gaily
off to war it should review
its own history, with special
attention to famous lickings
it has received.
The guardian., 1956-09-08
Clement A. Riley
For Treasurer

There should be no mystery
about candidates for public
Office, declares Former Civil
Service Commissioner Clement
A. Riley of Norwood, the of
ficially Democratic endorsed
candidate for State Treasurer.
Riley defeated two years ago
by the incumbent mystery
candidate" who used his name,
similar to that of a prominent
Democrat, as his only quail
f1cation, is running on his
name and his own record of
public service.
A successful businessman,
Riley was appointed to the Ci-
vii Service Commission by
former Governor Paul A. De-
yer. Previous to this he was
a member of the Norwood
Board of Selectmen where his
service to the people was
hailed as outstanding.
Riley has been honored
many times by civic groups
and veterans organizations
for his fine public service.
The VFW awarded its Citi-
zens Medal to Riley and the
DAV presented him with a
Bronze Plague for his services
to the veterans rehabilitation
program.
Clem Riley points out that
the office of State Treasurer
is zone of public trust and
great responsibility! He in
tends to face his tasks
clearly, Soundly and realis-
tically." He is endorsed for the
Treasurer's nomination by
leading Democrats in all parts
of the state and from al,
walks of life. Foremost among
the Riley boosters is former
/ Governor Paul A. Dever.
Riley is married to thl
former Marie e. Cookin O
i South Boston and has tWt
daughters. The family HON,
is in Norwood.
The guardian., 1956-09-08
Freedoms Fight Must Go On
No Let up Until Final Triumph
Of Full Liberty For All

A splendid opportunity is
presented to the Community :
a rare opportunity that should
stir to enthusiastic action all
of us who value the unSslfish
service of men and women
struggling to improve the well
fare Of the colored race and
to achieve the downright prac-
tice of democracy.
We can show our apprecia-
ton of two Stalwart fighters
for freedom, equal rights and
equal chances by attending the
meeting at Peoples Baptist
Church, Sunday afternoon,
September 16 when sacrificing
BoStonianS William Monroe
Trotter and his sister Maude
will be honored with d riem-
orial. They continued to battle
for full liberty until death
took them.
Prominent speakers will tell
how Boston and the State Of
Massachusetts, got rid of its
Jim Crowism through the
ardent endeavors Of the Trot-
ters. Fifty years ago when
Trotter began his crusade
Boston lacked the freedom
and fairplay enjoyed today.
Not only colored people put
also the Irish and the Jew
ish population were brazenly
Disseminated against.
The guardian., 1956-09-08
Worst Yet To
Come

segregation.
In Tennessee a National
Guard contingent has been
called out by Gov. Clement
as a precautionary measure
to preserve law and order.
Many of the mob inStigators
have been Jailed as an i'm
mediate necessity to prevent
bloodshed.
The above events we're pro-
voked on fringes of the deep
South and neither with a
large colored population.
A high school official in
formed the Texas congregated
mob, you guys know I am
with. you, but I've got this
mandate over my head" Then,
he drew a finger across his
throat. Taken together these
two instances of mob violence
reflects complicated status
to integrate in the solid
South, even in areas where
the colored population is
slight.
The Mansfield case tended
Continued On Page Four
The guardian., 1956-09-08

Boston City council Pres
ident Edward j. Mccormack,
Jr., is in the stretch drive for
the Democratic nomination for
the all important post of At
torney General of the Com
monwealth of Massachusetts,
This young lawer is demon
Strating his untiring- energy
and vigor in making a whirl-
wind finish in his campaign
which will see him become the
party nominee two weeks
hence.
Dominating the primat y
campaign with his vigor, Nc
Cormack has spoken in prac :
tically every city, town and
hamlet throughout the State.
Everywhere he has spoken,
tremendous crowds have been
in evidence.
The guardian., 1956-09-08
Edwin Diggs

Funeral services for Edwin
Diggs were held at Peoples
Baptist Church Tuesday after
noon, Sept. 4, with the Rev. A.
Roger Williams offieiating. So
los were sung by Helen Holi-
day.
The j. B. Johnson Funeral
Home, Shawmut Ave, had
charge of the funeral arrange
ments Interment was in Mt.
Hope Cemetery.
Edwin Diggs was a musician
well known as a drummer In
an orchestra. He was stricken
blind several years ago. He
died suddenly, Aug. 30.
Surviving are his wife, his
brother Richard Diggs, chorus
leader; and other relatives.
The guardian., 1956-09-08

Trotter pitched fearlesslv
into the prevailing bias and
he won numerous victories.
Come and hear about it. Bring
the younger generations so
that they may be encouraged
to join forces until every trace
OF prejudice is ousted from
America. 1t cannot be said
too often that our own cher
ished liberty here in Massa-
chusetts is not surely safe
as long as racial discrimina-
ton exists anywhere in the
nation. All freedom loving
men and women must be con-
Stantly on guard.
Below are the. names of
some Of the supporters OF the
meeting and its purpose.
PATRONS
Mrs. L. Quincy Abercrombie,
Miss Natalie Ailer, Apex Beau
ty school, Rev. and Mrs.
James H. D. Bailey, Mrs. Lima
B. Bailey, Mr.. and Mrs. A. L.
Baker, Atty. and Mrs. NAL
colin G. Banks, Bay State
Pharmacy Co., Inc, Mr.. and
Mrs. George Beckair, Mr.. and
Florence T. Beckett, Sr., Mrs.
Florence S. Blake, Block and
Clay Shop, Mrs. Billie Diggs
Bonner, Miss Juanita M. Boyd,
Mr.. and Mrs. Julian G. Brank-
er, Prof. and Mrs. Claudius J.
Broadfield, Mr.. and Mrs. Harry
Brown, MIR. and Mrs. Patrick
M. Brown, Mrs. G. N. Budd,
Mr.. James H. Budd, Mr.. and
Mrs. J. w Burrell, DR. Sid
ney S Cahan, Rev. and Mrs.
Continued On Page Four
The guardian., 1956-09-08

Franks % years of expert
ence as a lawyer would lend
itself ably to the position; his
experience as a former mem
ber of the Boston City Coun-
Gil; his experience as a form
er assistant to the Attorney
General and as a U. S. Govt.
attorney; his background as
a Disabled combat veteran,
staff member of the Overseers
of Public Welfare and family
man give him the proper out
look to better serve you as
State Senator.
The guardian., 1956-09-08
MOB VIOLENCE
NEARING BLOODSHED

Now comes the scenes Of
mob violence in towns of Ten
nessee and Texas where public
schools have been integrated
by Federal court order. Mob
instigatorS have converged on
these towns mainly for inti-
midation of racial students,
whose entry registrations have
been approved, also incite-
ment of white citizens to defy
the court and school authori-
gtieS to a plan of neverending
The guardian., 1956-09-08

Around the Summer swim
marked, alcohol doesn't mix
safely even with water.