davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Political Hay

The fight over farm legiSlation-any
kind of farm legiSlation-is deteriorating
into an unabaShed political scramble.
And it looks as though the Democrats
are trying to fritter away whatever po-
litical advantage might have come their
way from the Presidents veto of the
farm bill earlier this week.
Presumably the Democratic leader
ship felt that for the sake of the record
an attempt had to be made to override
the veto, although they knew they didn't
have the votes. thirds majority
was needed. But when the roll was
called there were 202 votes to override
the President, 211 to sustain him. And
this in a Democratic House which only
a few days before had voted 238 to 181
In favor of the bill.
The President, i'm accepting the po-
litical risks of vetoing the bill, fired
couple of political shots of his own. He
announced that price supports for some
crops would be fixed at 825 per cent,
and he called upon Congress to enact
without delay straight soil bank plan.
The Democratic response has been
interesting. Men like Senator Ellender,
who voted for 80 per cent supports, are
belaboring Secretary Benson because
support levels are going to be boosted
to 82.5 per cent. And the House Appro-
priationS Committee has voted an item
of $1.2 billion to set up soil bank under
existing legislation, contending that
nothing more is needed.
Mr.. Benson says that existing legis-
lation is inadequate, and he started to
explain why before Mr. BLENDERS COM
mittee yesterday. But he never got a
chance to give his explanation. . The
Democrats evidently are determined shat
under no circumstances will they give
the President what he has asked for,
although, since they profess to favor a
soil bank plan, one would think they
would be willing to remove any doubts
which may exist about the adequacy Of
existing legislation.
But they are not, and our guess is,
II it should turn out that Mr.. Benson
is right, that the farmers will have little
difficulty in detecting the unfragrant
odor of political hay, and in identifying
those who are trying to harvest it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Joseph Cherner

Washington will miss Joseph (Uncle
joel Cherner. His death ends remark
able success story that had Alger-like
qualities. Coming to America as a vir-
tually penniless Russian immigrant at
IA, he overcame handicaps of a strange
language, schooling difficulties and lack
of trade to achieve a place of distinc-
ton in the business world and in our
community.
Joe Cherner was not the type to wait
for opportunity to knock at his door, He
sought opportunity out and, with singular
determination and enthusiasm, made the
most of every opening that appealed to
him. Thus, he developed one of Wash
ington'S outstanding automotive enter
prises, conceived and built the Shirling-
ton Shopping Center, became head of
bank and otherwise contributed to the
business growth Of the city and its
environS.
With all his business activities he
found time to participate In many local,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Pulling Deletion

Action of Senate and House conferees
In Tentatively" killing a $500,000 supple
mental appropriation for the proposed
Jones Point bridge is hard to understand.
The money is needed to buy land in
Prince Georges County for the Maryland
abutment of the bridge This Is an essen
tial part of the Federal phase of the
project. Under the tri-jurisdictional
agreement, the United States is to build
the bridge and Maryland and Virginia are
to provide the approaches. If the Federal
Government should try to back out Of the
agreement at this late date, the whole
undertaking would be imperiled.
Certainly there will be no bridge be-
tween Alexandria and the Maryland shore
In the foreseeable future if Congress
should fail to provide the funds for con-
struction of the bridge itself. For neither
Maryland nor Virginia has the funds to
finance such a structure. In fact, it was
with difficulty that each State found
sufficient highway money available to
take care of the approach roads. This
bridge is designed as bypass to carry
north-South traffic around Washington,
via U. S. Route l and the Washington
Baltimore Parkway. 1t is largely an
interstate project that deserves to be
financed as part of the national highway
system. We hope that Congress will
restore the 100000 item for the Jones
Point bridge and that whatever other
funds are necessary to begin construction
will be voted at this session.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
'Lompooninq' Nixon

Although I greatly admire
the brilliant diversity Of Jim
Berryman's cartoons, I cannot
help but take issue with The
Stars position of late con-
corning Vice President Nixon.
For the most part. l find no
fault with your coverage of
editorial topics. and the num-
Der of columnists who are well
versed on the paramount af-
fairs Of the day. but it seems
to me that your rather con-
sistent lampooning of Mr..
Nixon lately is in rather poor
taste.
Granted, the Vice President
is an extremely controversial
figure. wherein he is liked fer
vently by many. and disliked
fiercely by others. Conceded.
also, is the fact that this is a
national election year, and
that the depletion of promi-
nent political figures is COM
PEELED to be increased. But I
sincerely hope ito quote an
oft-used political term in cur
rent use) that a little mod
Grafton" can be exercised, and
that your newspaper can
abolish some Of the virulent
attacks that have occurred too
often lately in your political
cartoons concerning the Vice
President Of the United States.
Thomas M. Hand, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Matter of Simple Sanity

In perSuading Egypt and Israel to
agree to an unconditional ceaSe-f1re,
United Nations Secretary General Dag
HammarSkjold has attained one of the
major detectives of his current mission.
The result is that the outlook for peace
in the Middle East is much brighter today
than it has been for many weeks past.
It would be naive, however, to as
sumo that this settles everything and
that the world may therefore stop worry
ing about the situation After all, in
agreeing to the cease-fire, the Egyptians
and ISraelis have merely affirmed that
they will honor Article of the armistice
they signed some eight years ago, and
since they have both repeatedly violated
that article in the past, there is no IRON
clad assurance now-deSpite their COM
mitment to the U. N. through Mr..
Hammarskjold-that they will not do the
same thing again.
Yet the fact remains that the PaleS-
tine crisis has been appreciably abated
by what the Nasser and Ben-Gurion gov
ernmentS have pledged themselves to do.
And this development, coupled with the
Kremlin'S seeming decision to stop play
ing with dynamite in the Middle East,
creates the posSibility-if not the prob
ability-that reason will triumph over the
passions of the region and that ways will
be found to pacify the situation on a
permanent basis. Certainly, if the Soviet
leaders are really aware of what could be
the global consequences of war there,
and if they have decided to retreat from
their recent policy of backing the Arabs
against the IsraeliS and engaging in anti
Western SubverSion and fear breeding
arms shipments, then there is solid
ground for the hope that substantial
progress can be made toward definitive
peace settlement.
Until such a settlement is reached
there will be serious danger of war in the
Middle EaSt-war of kind that could
engulf most of the world. Clearly, in
these circumstances, what is imperatively
needed is full-dresS effort to negotiate
a peace treaty designed to end the trag-
edy of the displaced Arabs and create
lasting live-and-let-live understanding
between the contending parties-an I'M
derStanding under which they could exist
side by side in an atmosphere of mutual
trust and neighborly collaboration in
stead of amid the fears and suspicious
that divide them now.
This is something that can be more
easily said than done. But if Russia CO.
operates with the West in war-preventing
MISUNDERSTANDING our countrys readi-
ness to give vital economic aid and Sc
curity guarantees to both Sides-stateS-
manShip should be able to convert the
present easing of tension into real, en-
during and mutually beneficial Middle
Eastern peace. Simple sanity, in any
case, demands that every possible effort
be made to that end.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Atomic Promise

IL is h1ghly gratifying that the "col-
lective leaders" of poSt-Stalin Russia
have at last agreed to join the free
world In setting up an international
atomS-for- peace agency. And it is note
worthy that they have made up their
minds to do this along the lines proposed
by President Eisenhower in his history
making December, 1858, address to the
United Nations.
AS hammered out At the 12-power
conference that began here last Feb
ruary q, the decision to agree involves
reasonable compromise. On the one
hand, the United States and the West
as whole have assented to the idea
that the new atomic body ought to be
tied In with the United Nations more
tightly than are such specialized agencies
as the World Bank. On the other hand,
the Russians have abandoned their de-
mand that Red China-Which is not
member of the U. N.-be let into the
organization right at the start. More
important still, they have conceded, after
having argued to the contrary for many
months, that the organizations opera
of the Security Council.
Accordingly, now that the IL nations
have settled on all this, the draft statute
for the new organization will be sub
mitted to general conference at U. N.
headquarters in New York in September
What the statute calls for is an elabo-
rate and unprecedented agency charged
with the responsibility of speeding up
beneflcent nuclear progress everywhere
in the world, with particular emphasis
on industrial power, agriculture and
health Among other things, the agency
in addition to encouraging the spread
Of nonmilitary atomic knowledge-will
serve as bank or pool for fashionable
material to be contributed by the United
States, Russia and every other country
producing uranium 1885, The material
will be used exclusively for carefully SUI
pervised peaceful developments through
out the globe.
It may be taken for granted that
the September conference will over
whelmingly approve this organization.
As for administration, the agency will
be run by 23-nation governing board,
five of whose members France, Canada,
Britain, Russia and the United States)
will be permanently seated as the worlds
leading atomic powers. Such an enter
prise, of course, can accomplish no over
night miracles, but it certainly promises
to serve the cause of world peace by
promoting a great gradual improvement
in the well-being of mankind. And for
that reason alone, II for no other, Soviet
participation In 1t is thing to be
heartily welcomed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Some Strange South American Tribes

primitive peoples of South
Americas the Motilones,
who fight airplanes with
bows and four-foot-long ar
rows tipped with steel points
sharp as razors and about four
inches long. They shoot sitting
down. drawing the bow with
feet and legs, when the great.
mysterious birds" circle low
over their territory.
These Motilones live along
the northern border of Colon
bia and Venezuela. On the OUT
skirts Of their territory are O
few semicivilized members Of
the tribe who occasionally
come into the towns on market
days. The majority, however,
live in socialistic compounds
in the mountains and have no
contact whatsoever with white
men. Their ways Of life are al
most a complete mystery. They
do not bother anybody. how
ever, II left strictly alone.
Fear Contact With Outsiders
Some time ago one Motilone
woman strayed from her com.
pound and was picked up and
taken to q town. For days she
refused to speak or eat. It was
obvious that she would starve
to death. So the authorities
took her to the border Of her
territory and turned her loose.
Shortly afterwards her body
was found, nearly hacked to
bits. The general opinion is
that she was killed when she
tried to get back among her
own people because she had
been contaminated by contact
with the hated white men and
possibly revealed some secrets
of the tribe.
Now two small boys who
strayed out of Motilone terri
tory are being held and the
authorities are at a loss what
to do with them. They fear
that if the children are turned
loose at the edge Of their
peoples territory they will
suffer the same fate as the.
woman. :,
DR.. Hoffman in his search
for cocoa producing lands has
been only fairly close to the
Motilone borders. Almost
nothing is known of their ter
ritory or of their ways of life.
DR.. Peter Guisende Of the
Catholic University Of America
spent some time two summers
ago among one group of al
legged "pigmy" Motilones in
Venezuela and gathered con-
siderable information about
their ways Of life. The ColomA
bia Motilone territory, however,
is as much d secret land as was
Tibet a century ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Democratic Discord

Last years Fairfax County
Democratic Com mittee, of
which 1 believe Mrs. Anne
wilkins, supervisor, Board of
County Supervisors. Fairfax,
Va, was a member, submitted
to the Democratic district
caucuses in December the pro-
posal that all of the county's
elected officials should be ex-
officio members of the County
Committee. and furthermore,
members of that committees
executive committee. Mrs.
Wilkins was able to secure
adoption of this proposal and
thus lave an influential posi-
ton on the County Democratic
Committee.
An item in The Star reports
that Mrs. Wilkins is now presi-
dent of the 10th District Ste
venson-for- President Club. 1t
also states that she is going,
or has gone, to Chicago to at
tend a Stevenson rally.
1t appears to me, also a
member Of the County Com
mittee, that Mrs. wilkins
activity in promoting the can
didacy of any individual for
any office prior to his selection
by established processes, is in
compatible with her member
ship on the County Democratic
Committee. Duly selected del
egateS to the national conven-
ton will determine our party's
presidential candidate for us.
AS servants of the Democratic
electorate hereabouts it is our
duty to be neutral until the
several parties join battle over
their respective states and is
sues in the fall campaigns.
For any of as to do otherwise
can damage our service to the
voters.
TIL erefore I urge Mrs.
wilkins either to forgo her
activity with the Stevenson
for-President Club or else to
renounce her ex-officio mem
bership on the County Demo-
cratic Committee.
Richard L. Feldman,
Kirby Precinct, Dranes-
vile District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
HASKN SERVICE
BY THE HASkIN SERVICE


@. Has q decision been
reached about replacing the
old Concord, Mass, bridge that
was damaged in the great
hurricane Of 1955?-E. B. u.
A. Yes. The new bridge will
be Of wood like the original
North Bridge of Revolutionary
War fame. The use Of preserv-
atives will make 1t as durable
as concrete.
@. Were European soldiers
encouraged to grow NOUS
taches in the early days?-
K. L. H.
A. The original purpose Of
the military moustache was to
give the soldier a ferocious APP
pearance, and with this end in
view 1t was first cultivated by
the Hungarian Hussars Of the
18th century.
Q. Have any States taken
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Toll of Jet Aqe

A Sunday Star article by
George Kennedy told Of plans
for an airport at Davidson
vile. Md. 1t certainly presented
the Nays case in a big way.
1t gave the impression that
the Navy wants this large
airport for training pilots. It
made no mention of a jet air
base, which is what the Navy
is really asking for.
For this they want to take
valuable farm land and homes
of people who have been here
for generations or come here
from the city for peace and
quiet. How will a $2-million
payroll help business in a
neighborhood with one store
(Which doesn't want the jet
air base)? The farms and
homes would either be taken
or made so undesirable that
the people would have to move.
We bought our 200-acre
farm 20 years ago. The house
was 200 years old and beau
tiful. but without any heat,
water or electricity. We
brought electricity from the
village and have been working
on this place. making it a
home, and building up the
land ever since. We are across
the Central avenue road from
the proposed jet air base. and
although I wouldn't take a
million dollars for my home
now. how could we live here
If we had a Jet base a half
mile away?
The view from our front
yard is beautiful. hills dotted
with homes and barns and
lovely green pastures, and that
is the land they want to ruin.
This is one of the most beau
tiful sections around Wash
ington. D. c.. and has some of
the incest people anywhere. Mr..
Kennedy neglected to say our
schoolhouse is in the area
chosen and the homes Of two
Of our four school teachers
will be taken and the home of
a third one will be so close
it will be uninhabitable.
We. in this area, and people
for miles around who will be
affected by a jet air base, feel
that the Navy can use the
Patuxent land base or some
isolated spot where the noise
and danger Of Jet planes will
not destroy such a pleasant
village and way Of living for
so many people.
Mary J. Bamford.
Davidsonville, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20

rupted this proper classical
name to gladoli. but the ex-
perts repudiate it.
II love to see the green.
II think I can even feel green
these days.
1T is a color one falls in love
with almost unconsciously, lust
as you say we must do with the
robins song.
There is a real loving
bird for you. think the robin
must love the green just a little
better than most Of our song
sters. because he is forever
calling for rain.
He knows, from centuries
of living. that when grass ID
green, he is going to find the
lawn soft and springy. and
when the turf is soft and
springy, then the worms will
come up.
Il recently discovered that
there are various types of
worms, one of which is very
fond of orange peel.
"A friend of mine got some
OF these worms. and put all
her discarded peel on the plot
OF ground in which they live.
'She calls it her compost
heap.)
The orange peels disappear
at an amazing rate, and the
worms thrive.
Il think this is q fine side
light on springtime, the very
merry ringtime. as old Shake
Speare said.
Orange peel isn't green, Of
course, but there are such
things as green oranges. I
saw some in a hole-in- the-wall
eatery the other day. where
they have one Of these strange
machines that squeezes the
stuffing out Of them.
These green oranges, much
to my amazement, had per-
fectly sweet juice.
Maybe it is the influence Of
spring."
Spring is really here, and do
you know how we know?
Not because of the green.
though that is fine enough.
Not because politics IL In the
air, or because ones appetite
is picking up.
No. the real reason We are
sure OF spring at last IL this:
Templeton Jones, our old
friend, is going without q hat
these days.
When you see JonOsy With
out his hat. you can be pretty.
sure Of II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
States Riuhts

There has been a movement
on foot for some years to con-
vert the United States into q
unitary state. The Supreme
Court has struck down the
rights Of the States with re-
gard to regulation Of labor,
public morals. security, well
fare and education. BY unlim-
tied exercise of the taxing
power unwisely given it by
constitutional amendment. the
Federal Government is depriv-
ing the people of the fruits
of their labor and the States
of a vital source of support.
Your paper of April II refers
to a Southern-sponsored drive
to outlaw the poll tax as a
requirement for voting in
Federal elections" To any
student of the Constitution,
there is no such thing as Fed
eral elections. All elections to
public Office in the Federal
Government are held under
the laws Of the States, which
determine the qualification of
electors of members Of the
United States Senate and
House of Representatives as
we'll as the qualification and
manner Of choosing electors
of the President and Vice
President.
The Constitution has placed
in the hands of the people of
the respective States the power
to choose under their own
election rules their representa-
tives in Congress and, through
their chosen electors. the
President and Vice President.
This has been done with delib-
Grafton and foresight. The pro-
posal that the Constitution be
amended with the practical
effort of placing in the hands
Of the Federal Government the
regulation and enforcement
Of voting qualifications in the
States is a big step toward
dictatorship. Once the Fed
eral Government controls cleo
ton Of the Chief Executive
and members Of Congress. the
people Of the States and there
fore Of the whole country will
have lost their independence
and power Of elf-determina-
ton. The sovereignty Of the
people as acknowledged in the
preamble to the Constitution
and elsewhere in its provisions
will be completely nullified.
This is the South's "nullifi-
cation" theory exactly in re-
verse. I am amazed the pro-
posal comes from the repre-
sentatives Of that region.
Defender Of States Rights
From Maryland.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20
Games Get Grim

Uncle Sam is once again
being backed into a corner
by the Big Bear. This time
it is in the case Of the Olyn-
pics. Russian athletes are be-
coming better and better be-
cause of government subsidiza-
ton, and many in America
are now clamoring for our
Government to subsidize our
athletes so that we will have
a fairer chance in the compe-
tition.
This is playing directly into
the hands Of the Russians.
and. were we to do this, the
Olympics would become q COM
plete sham. no longer q con-
test Of amateurs.
As the situation stands, each
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-20

BOGOTA (By MaiD An
encounter with a small, isolated
tribe Of fez-wearing, Arab
featured Indians is reported by
DR.. Robert Hoffman, American
plant explorer in Colombia,
who is associated with the
Governments Point Four as
SiStance program.
These are the Arahaucos.
They are a small group en-
tirely confined to the slopes Of
a snow-capped peak, 10000
feet high. in the Santa Marta
Mountains, an isolated range
which faces the Caribbean.
The lower slopes are thickly
wooded. There is perpetual
snow about halfway down the
mountain.
Anyone encountering these
Indians for the first time, DR..
Hoffman says, might think he
had come into a Moslem
village in the Near East. The
type Of fez worn by all the
men is typically Arabic in
pattern, made of straw, and
usually gray.
Tall, Dark and Handsome
These men, he says, have
exceptionally handsome fea-
lures, closer to the Arabic than
the Indian type. They lack the
typical Indian high cheek
bones. They are unusually tall
for Indians. A striking feature
is the curly, coal-black hair
which reaches to the chest.
The ordinary dress of the
men is gray wooden coat
which reaches to the knees and
pantaloons. The women dress
in much the same manner but
are arrayed with many strings
OF colored beads.
The Arahaucos, DR.. Hoffman
found. have a life quite isolated
from that of other Santa Marta
Indians and their language has
apparently little relationship
to that of neighboring tribes.
They are far from a warlike
people and, quite unlike some
of their neighbors, are friendly
to white men. They come freely
to the markets in the nearby
towns.
However variant in dress
and physical appearance. DR..
Hoffman says, there is no
reason to believe that the
Arahaucos are anything but
Indians. There is no reason to
believe that they have any
Arabic blood. Both the similar
dress and facial appearance of
the two races presumably are
entirely independent develop
ments.
A far different race-among
the least approachable of the