davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15
Tile Drain Solves
Drainage Problem
By WALTER KINSFATHER,
Yellowstone County

PUT MY tile drain in the fall of
1854 after the crops were off. 1t was
put in under the supervision of the
SCS and works first rate. The SCS has
done and is doing a lot of good in our
community and anything they super
wise has to be right or they won't pass
on it. My problem was getting waste
water off Is acres of valuable land.
For years we were running our
irrigation waste water into company
irrigation ditch and we always had
trouble. When their ditch was about
half full we could drain our waste water
into it, but when they were running a
full head of water I couldn't drain any
waste water off my fields, and you are
bound to have waste water any time
you irrigate, regardless of the crop you
raise.
l had a contractor dig the trench for
me. One man and myself laid the IL
inch concrete tile in about four days.
1IlG DID GllSChSQ IL lOl Il clOC anu lOuAlO
it okay.
l used a hydraulic loader with a
steel plate on the fork to push the
ground into the trench for back filling.
At the intake where the water drops
into the drain, built a concrete box to
prevent washing and caving in. I also
cemented in iron bars across the open
ing of the drain to prevent trash enter
ing the drain. Where the drain drops
into Canyon Creek we cemented a S5-
foot corrugated metal pipe joining the
concrete tiles. Each joint was cemented
for about 100 feet back from the bank
Of the creek on account of the tree roots
from the large trees that grow on the
bank Otherwise, we would have had to
cut down the trees and wanted to save
them, if possible.
1 have used the drain for one season
and I don't know why 1 didn't think
about putting it in years ago.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15
Crop Tour Set
For July 1913

MONTANA'S WHEAT growers will
enjoy four-day vacation from farm
chores July 10 through July IS to tour
some of the principal wheat producing
areas in the state.
The caravan is sponsored by the Mon
tana Crop Improvement Association and
will include stops at Great Falls, Lew
istown, Fort Benton, Havre, Chester,
Shelby, Conrad, Choteau, Fairfield and
back to Great Falls. The program in
cludes selected field stops along the
tour route, as well as stops at the
Moccasin and Havre experiment sta
tions. Overnight stops will be at Lew
istown and Havre.
Producers are requested to write to
Fred Dufresne, Montana Crop Improve
ment Assn, Box IL, Great Falls, so
transportation and lodging accommoda-
tons can be made in advance.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15
Planning, Study, Careful Buying
Leads to Good Dairy Operation
By BUD SIMARD, Riebla,d County

tember and October. The balance 1
take to the bull making sure they get
their so days rest before being bred.
l believe in spending extra time in
raising my calves for then know what
my replacements will be. I give them
whole milk for 10 days, then decrease
the milk until 1 am using milk replacer
at three weeks. never throw colostrum
away and put bit in for each calf
when there is extra. 1t is especially
important to have the milk warm each
time and feed the calves regularly. 1
use plenty of straw in bedding the
calves and they are able to be out
side at any time. They never have
scours. For the calves I grind third
cutting alfalfa with oats, a little ear
corn and molasses. They also have
whole oats and free choice alfalfa. When
they are about nine months, 1 give
them little silage.
Buys Alfalfa
am fortunate that the lamb feeders
in this valley do not feed third cutting
alfalfa. I can buy all need for my
milk cows. My feeding schedule is as
follows: Corn silage fed after milking
in morning, hay at noon and hay after
milking at night. hand feed so they
don't waste too much but can be fed
what they will eat. My cows are fed
grain in the parlor while being MIXED.
feed ground ration of grains 1 raise.
The ration is approximately 1s oats,
1s barley, and 15 cob corn with molas-
ses and iodized salt
Last year I raised 110 acres of corn
dryland 1 enSilaged about 400 ton in
a concrete pit and picked the balance
to be used in grinding. 1 feed silage all
summer.
Visitors almost always ask if the
cows teats don't freeze. So far none
have. try to use careful milking
habits and always dry the udders with
paper towels before turning the cows
out. also bed the sheds each day with
straw. By spring the manure pack is
built up so the cows can almost touch
the top in the back of the shed.
We seldom have a power failure, but
twice it has been very handy to know
that by connecting the brake vacuum
booster of our truck to the vacuum line
with garden hose we can run all three
mixers.
For the past four months our 20 COWS
have averaged 120 gallons of milk {
day. Now that my major building i.
done I am going to concentrate OF
building up my herd.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15

IN 1851 we had a poor wheat crop on
our 4OO-acre dryland farm. 1t made
me stop and think-if the years turned
dry and we had several poor wheat
crops, what kind of living could we
make on our 65 acres of irrigated land?
1 decided to turn to the thing knew
best-dairying. 1 sent to Wisconsin for
Is good grade heifer calves to raise
and in the meantime investigate mar
kets, equipment and buildings. In a
year I planted the IL acres north of
the buildings into pasture, using Hunt
ley mix and bronze grass with oats as
nurse crop.
After much reading, was "sold'' on
the open shed system and, besides, a
milking parlor and milk house could be
fitted into my present small barn with
out too much remodeling. We installed
a three-stall parlor with syphon line.
On the walls we put concrete plaster
and coated it with single coat of
washable paint. These walls have been
scrubbed several times a year since
and still look fine. We used aluminium
paint in the milk house part. We piped
in the natural gas for heating water and
barn. Outside l built an open shed, fac
ing south, As by 16'. Our chicken coop
became the calf barn.
I had market but my heifers were
not ready, so I went to Wisconsin to
buy something coming in right away.
Since price was a big object with me,
1 did much looking and finally found
Is head of young stuff that looked good.
They were mostly out of artificial
breeding.
Needed improvements
The first winter of milking showed
up many things that needed improve.
ment, especially the holding pen. ]
could not bed it enough to keep it dry
The next summer l poured a concrete
slab "a by % feet, with drain, and also
slab 110 by 6 in front of the feeding
manger. This proved very worth while
l also built so feet onto the open shed
and enclosed a section in the center
put heat lamp in it, and called it my
maternity ward.
l planted the field south into pasture
making Is acres of irrigated pasture
We built 40 by 16 open shed for the
older calves and made a bull pen il
one end. l tried bringing the cows Il
the bull, but have no hired help anC
felt / could not watch them clos,
enough. Now turn the bull in with thu
cows Dec. 1 so he can breed the ma
jority of the cows that freshen in Sep
6-Jtune 15 1854
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15
We've Had Good Luck Seeding
Wheatgrass With Winter Wheat
By SIDNEY FRASER, Stillwater County

the cattle were moved off and returned
again Sept. Is for further grazing.
We have found crested wheatgrass to
have from three to five times the carry
ing capacity of native grass pasture.
Our plans are to continue to expand our
acreage of wheatgrass and contour all
fields seeded to grass.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-06-15

years l nave aQQeQ 10 IL dllu liau0
improvements, endeavoring to pass 1t
on to the next generation in better
condition than when was the custodian.
The effort in good years and boom
times seems easy enough, but in some
poor years it's been difficult task.
Our ranch is composed of small
irrigated place, and the remainder is
rather rough dryland hills with small
irregular fields. Much of this ground
wasn't too productive but was farmed
in order to prove upon the land. 1t was
later abandoned for farming operations.
AS our is strictly a livestock opera
ton, we are constantly faced with two
paramount e e s-grass and hay.
Through the years, in order to achieve
these two needs, we have been ever
alert to any new grasses or practices
to fill these needs. When crested wheat
grass first started to gain prominence
we purchased seed at about $1.5O per
pound and seeded it in a firm seed bed,
drilling very shallow. About a dozen
plants survived, making discouraging
and expensive experiment Still, with
continuing favorable reports about this
grass, we decided to try again.
Quick Evaporation
It was still recommended to seed
crested wheatgrasS shallow, but we
thought that our loss might have re-
suited from quick evaporation of moiS-
ture from the top inch of soil, shallow
planting starting termination, but the
wind quickly drying out the top soil,
killing the seed before it had time to
root.
With this in mind, in 1886 we mixed
crested wheatgrass seed with our winter
wheat and drilled at the rate of five
pounds per acre on summer fallowed
ground and at the same depth we had
always drilled our wheat. The results
this time were excellent. Part of this
same field remains in crested wheat
grass from that seeding. To date we
have some 400 acres in wheatgrass, all
seeded by mixing with grain. Our stands
secured by this method have been very
successful.
Going back to our first 35 acres. we
cut it for hay for number of years,
with yields varying from good to fair.
Sweet clover and crested wheatgrass
seem to compliment each other. When
clover year comes along it grows
wild, even in our best stands of wheat.
grass. The combination produces won
derful hay and pasture.
Longer Grazing Season
In later years we have included
bronze grass with the wheatgrass II
order to prolong the grazing season anC
to increase the tonnage of hay. Oul
cattle do well on the hay and seem t.
stay in better condition on it than OF
alfalfa. We have had stacks keep for a.
long as four years with very little spoil
age. The cattle ate this old hay will
relish.
For the past five years we have hat
the SCS technician survey contour dixie
at drops of from five feet to seven fee
across all fields seeded to grass. w
are very pleased with the way it ha
slowed up the run-off, held snow cove
and increased our Yields
In the spring of 1855 we turned 10
cows on so acres of this pasture O
April 80, leaving them there until Ma
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

eaten and away they go.
One 10-ounce package will
make two servings. However,
if you're real hungry. you may
want whole package for
yourself,
In the cereal world there's a
small but mighty good new
member Of the Nabisco clan
shredded wheat juniors. Like
its big brother, the spoon size"
cereal is rich in vitamin B
complex and high in energy.
Vary the fruit toppings for
appetite appeal. Try brown
sugar or honey in place of
graduated sugar, and hot milk.
instead of cold. with a smidgen
of cinnamon or nutmeg in it.
Still They Come
The latest cake mix to reach
our desk land therell probably
be another before this gets into
print is an apple chip cake
mix.
Delicately favored with aro-
matte spices and generously
t1ecked with chips of honest
to-goodness apples, it's a new
member of the Swans Down
family. Like all these mixes,
everything goes into the bowl
at once to be followed by just
one simple beating. This cake
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

verted to the different electric
current used in Italy. Italian
personnel had to be trained in
cutting and wrapping meat to
American standards.
American manufacturers will
have representatives on hand
to explain equipment and food
products to 5000 to 5000 dele
gates from nations all over the
free world.
To insure that the exhibit
will be a replica of a modern
self-service food store in this
country, fresh produce and
vegetables. frozen foods and
dairy products. poultry and
fish will be flown from the
United States 10 Rome Just be-
fore the market opens June II.
Fresh meat will be purchased
in Italy but will be cut.
wrapped and displayed IN the
American way.
Members of the industry
committee in addition to Mr..
Logan include: Mr.. Lansing
P. Shield and Mr.. William w.
Brady of Grand Union Co.:
Mr.. A. Kohr Sprenkle of
American Stores Co.; Mr..
Harold White of First National
Stores, Inc; and Mr.. Arnold
Friedman and Mr.. w. Elmer
Seaman of Chain Store Age.
Frozen Fish Dinner
Consumers have been asking
for a nonfried heat-and-serve
fish product, and the fishing
industry has obliged. It's
baked fillet of haddock dinner
made by Fulham Brothers. Inc.
of Boston.
A tender fillet of paddock is
blanketed in a creamy cheese
sauce, and topped with golden
brown crumbs. A real New
England with no fuss.
All the homemaker has to do
is place the frozen package on
a fiat pan or cookie sheet, heat
in 400 degree F. oven for IS
minutes. No pans to wash, just
crumple the metallic contain
erS after the contents are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
BY VIOLET FAULKNER

The ancient Appian Way is
echoing to the rumble of mod
ern trucks this spring. Trucks
loaded with more than $50 tons
of equipment, supplies and
packaged merchandise from
the United States is on its way
into the Eternal City.
The cargo will be assembled
into a complete replica of an
American Way" supermar-
ket for the International Con-
gress of Food Distribution
June 1924 in Rome.
It's the answer of hundreds
of American businessmen to
the challenge thrown to them
by the USDA, according to
John A. Logan, president of
the National Association of
Food Chains.
The objective, said Mr.. Lo-
gan. is the opportunity for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

2 envelopes low-calorie rasp-
berry favored gelatin
Dash of nutmeg
Dash of cinnamon
1l2 cups hot water
2 teaspoons lemon Juice
q cup heavy cream
Combine low-calorie gelatin
and spices, add hot water and
stir until gelatin is dissolved.
Add lemon Juice and heavy
cream. Pour into molds or
serving dishes. Chill until
firm. Unmold. Garnish with
low-calorie whip topping and
fresh. frozen or canned rasp-
berries. Makes four servings.
ITO calories per serving.
LOw-CarOlie Topping
Ia tablespoons water
Non caloric sweetener Ito
equal 2 teaspoons sugar.
q teaspoon lemon juice
70 teaspoon vanilla
ll2 tablespoons instant nom
fat dry milk
Measure water, sweetener,
lemon Juice and vanilla into
small. deep bowl. Sprinkle in
dry milk powder. Beat until
consistency of stiff whipped
cream. Use to garnish des-
serts. MAY be used in pastry
bag or tube for making bor-
ders and rosettes.) Makes
about u cup topping. 43 CAL
cries per "a cup.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

may be baked in layers, loaf,
or in cupcakes.
One package makes 20 me-
dium cupcakes. A lemon butter
frosting is suggested as a
happy running mate. It's good.
too, served slightly warm with
a favorite sauce or a dollop of
whipped cream.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
Spring Luncheon

The Zeta Tau Alpha
Alumnae Chapter of Northern
Virginia will hold its annual
spring luncheon Saturday at
1890 at Allison's Little Tea
House in Arlington. Members
of the District Zets chapter at
George Washington University
will be their guests. Annual
achievement awards will be
presented to outstanding MEM
hers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

demonstration of Americas
modern self-service food dis
tribution system in action.
1t has been a monumental
task. Time was short. Gus
toms clearance, transportation
of merchandise items, and
training Italian workmen to
install American equipment
are only a few of the obstacles
that confronted the industry.
Equipment has to be con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
Winthrop Alumnoe

The May meeting of the
Washington chapter of the
Winthrop College Alumnae
Association will be a garden
party held at the home of Mrs.
Esther Pinck, 5805 Bradley
boulevard, at 8 pm. Saturday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
REPORT TO THE HOMEMAKER
American WQy'
Market in Rome

broadening world markets for
farm products and building in
ternational good will, through
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
MARKET BASKET NEWS
FEATURES PORK CUTS

There's variety at the meat counters this week. In pork
the featured buys center chops and on roass
either the rib lon ends Beef buys include chuck and rib
round bone shoulder roast homeless shoulder roast
sron steaks and ground beef All cuts of veal being
offered by still another food chain.
In poultry the best values fryers BetSville
turkeys Shad takes the spotlight for Fridays dinner You
buy completely boned shad cat slightly higher price,
shad ets with only the back and rib bones removed
Our reluctant spring has held back produce from nearby
States but at last Jersey sending asparagus rosy
pink hubarb from Maryland and packaged salad ingredients
from the State
Other top buys in fresh vegetables this week include
cabbage sweet potatoes ceburg lettuce Western peas Flor
ida green peppers onions radshes cucumber bets
yellow and white SQUASH Florida new potatoes also long
whites from California, and Pascal celery. Cuban pine
apples Florida grapefruit Carolina strawberries
headllnerS in fruit. VT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26
About Those Insults

There were reports last month that
Nikita S. Khrushchev got drunk on vodka
at Moscow party for General Twining
and inSulted his guests.
Some people in this country took
pretty grim view of these reports, one
publication going so far as to raise the
alarming suggestion that MIR. KhruSh-
chew, while in vodka-induced mood,
might push the button for World War III.
OF course, he might do that. But it
is also possible that the stories were either
untrue or grossly exaggerated. General
Twining, for one, has not confirmed them.
And now the Baltimore Sun quotes two
unnamed American generals who at
tended the party as saying that everyone
they saw was cordial and that no one was
drunk. These generals, according to the
Sun, sat at table next to that occupied
by MesSrS. KhruShchev and Bulganin
during the latter stages of the party.
They chatted with the Russian leaders
and found them sober and pleasant.
If this is correct, the original stories
belong in the misunderstanding category.
We have enough trouble with the Rus
slams without getting all steamed up over
imaginary drunken insults.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26

slovakia, in effect mortgaging q substan-
tial portion of the country,s future cotton
production for this purpose. And Mr..
Nasser and his financial advisers un-
doubtedly are aware that this action
placed load upon the Egyptian economy
that was not foreSeen when original
studies were made on financing the dam
project.
It is regrettable that this under
taking which could mean so much to
Egypt has become involved in so many
tides Of controversy. It is not true, as
President NaSSer charges, that our own
decisions have been reached with shame
less disregard for International relations"
One must hope that this emotional reac-
ton will cool and that the international
relations will improve to a point where
we can continue to help a free country
remain really free.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26
Living Costs

The Bureau of Labor Statistics re-
ports that the cost Of living has reached
a new all-time high, rising z of per
cent in June as compared to May. This
is not good news for anybody-unless the
sharp rise in food costs may reflect a
boost in income for some farmers.
There is another way, however, to
look at this picture The May coSt-of-
living level was the equivalent of the pre-
vious all-time high, set in October, 1858.
There were fluctuations, of course, during
that period. But the net rise in living
costs over period Of almost three years
has been held to z Of per cent. That
is evidence of considerable success in the
Governments sterilization efforts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26
Politics in Civil Riqhts

Those Democratic Senators who,
ostensibly, have been trying to get the
civil rights bill out of the Senate Judi
ciary Committee have been chided for
playing politics with this issue. And the
criticism, no doubt, is justified.
Minority Leader Knowland, coming
to the support of Senator johnson, the
majority leader, has pointed out that the
pro-civil rights Senators have had since
January to try to pry the bill loose. Why
all the sudden activity in the last four
days Of the session? The answer is clear
enough: It makes a political record Of
sorts, but 1t does not make for any leg
islative accomplishment. Even if they
could get the bill out it would be filibuS-
tered to death, and the Democratic
Senators know it,
1t would hardly be fair, however, to
leave an impression that these Demo-
cratic SenatorS-Lehman, Douglas and
HenningS any monopoly on poll
ticking in this respect. The House debate
and the House vote on the bill were
strictly political There is plenty Of
ground for suspicion that Attorney Gen.
eral Brownell was playing politics when
he sent the bill up to Congress in the
first place. And, who can tell? There
might be more than little politics in
Senator Knowland'S account of the
Presidents unhappiness when he told him
the bill would not be passed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26
A Loss to the Senate

The Senate will lose one of its ablest
and most colorful members, and the Re-
publican party one of its strongest vote
getterS, with the retirement of Senator
Millikin of Colorado. In poor health for
many months, although he has carried
on in his customary Woodworking fash
ion, the 65-year-old Coloradan has de-
cided not to stand for reelection this fall.
The State Republican convention will
name successor for the nomination and
Senator Millikin himself has declared
there are plenty of strong candidates
available to make the fight to hold
Republican seat. Since control Of the
next Congress may hinge upon a shift
OF only few Senate places, the Colorado
hight will be an important one.
Perhaps the most fitting commentary
upon Senator Millikin and his abilities
was made nearly is years ago when Gov
ernor Carr Of Colorado appointed him to
the Senate in the place Of the late Sena-
tor Adams. II couldn't have appointed q
better man. Governor Carr said, "the
people will find that out" That Colo
radans agreed with this evaluation was
demonstrated by their strong indorse-
ment of him at the polls in 1912 (for an
unexpired term), 1914 and 1850. In the
Senate he has been not only an enter
tanning and brilliant orator but legis-
lator who was highly respected on both
sides of the party aisle. In two Republic
can Congresses, he served as chairman
of the Senate Finance Committee. He
was chairman of his party'S platform
drafting committee in 1852 and has been
chairman of the Republican Conference
OF Senators He has represented, in sum-
mary, the finest type of public service,
and the Senate will miss his leadership.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-26

marginal weather conditions
is a vastly different PROPOSE
ton. The continued training
given by our airlines to their
flight crews is costly, but con-
Sidered good insurance.
Regardless of whether the
reported "a NEAR misses" in
the Washington area were sub
stantiated, this is q very real
and vital problem which the
airlineS, military, private OPP
orators. pilots, manufacturers,
CAA, CAB and Government
and private research organiza-
tons have been diligently
working on for years. Results
have been very promising.
Considering the tremendous
increase in traffic since 1916
with a far less proportionate
increase in personnel and IA
cllltleS (oue to the ShortSight-
edness of Congress and nobody
else). I would say that our
traf11c controllers have done
a magnificent job in keeping
the possibility Of collision as
remote as it is. Future plans
will make this hazard even
more remote, but I am afraid
Mr.. Karant and his boys are
just going to have to spend a
little more money on their
airplanes and get their instru-
ment ratings.
John ]. Smith.