davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
REVIEW OF THE WEEK

Continued From Page Az!
widely respected fighting force.
Coming on the heels of Jor-
dams recent troubles about
joining the Baghdad pact, this
move was widely taken as a
Jordanian rebuff to British in.
f1uence in the ancient king
dom.
Next day British Foreign
Secretary Selwyn Lloyd was
the victim Of a four-hour Arab
demonstration in Bahrein, oil
rich sheikhdom under British
protection.
London took the gravest pos
sible view of these develop
ments. as did Washington. For
the whiting away of British
economic props in the Middle
East would imperils her strong
contribution to NATO and
weaken the Anglo American
alliance at a time when the
Soviet Union is exhibiting new
capacities for economic war
fare.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
Corruption

The Senate select committee
investigating $4,000 offered a
Senator by a gas company
lawyer was confronted on Fri
day with what 1t regarded as
conflicting testimony.
What they failed to learn
was whether Attorney John
M. Neff. in his clumsy efforts
to scare up Senate votes in
behalf of the natural gas bill,
had made two trips to Iowa
and offered $4,000 to help A.
nance the campaign of Sen
ator Bourke B. Hickenlooper,
Republican.
Mr.. Nef told the investiga-
tors he had gone to Iowa
once, but he denied making a
second trip there or offering
any money for Senator Hick-
enlooper's campaign. His
story was disputed by Iowa
Republican National Commit
teeman Robert K. Goodwin,
who testified that Mr.. Nef had
twice visited him in Iowa and
once offered to put up the
Hickenlooper money.
Two more witnesses will be
called tomorrow in a final at
tempt to determine who is tell
ing the truth. the whole truth,
and nothing but the truth. The
committee must close shop and
file its report by Saturday,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
NEARBY VOTES

Votes of the nearby Mary
land and Virginia Representa-
tives on major roll calls in
the House last week ending
March 2. There were no ma
jor roll calls in the Senate.
On a resolution to consider
the Colorado River storage
project. Agreed to, 354-26,
February %.
For: Hyde fR. Md. Landlord.
ID, Md. Broynill fR, Val. Harri-
son ID, va, Smith ID, Va
On the bill authorizing the
Colorado River storage prof.
ect. Passed. 256-l36, March !.
For: HYDE. Landlord. Broyhill.
AGAINST: Harrison. Smith.
Compiled b. Congressional ouartsrly)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04

go on the world auction block.
These were the facts that
probably helped Mr.. Benson
in his decision to act:
. Production is up in the
United States and the rest
of the world.
. Civilian consumption of
cotton in this country has
been dropping for some time.
with the use of synthetic
fabrics increasing.
. Finally, United States cot
ton exports dropped 1872 per
cent from 1850 to 1854.
Mr.. Benson now will be able
to take cotton out into the
world and meet competition
from foreign markets, cutting
prices to undersell other large
producers. such as Egypt and
India. The Government will
lose money on the deal, and
it may even lose some foreign
friends. But our own cotton
farmers will not be unhappy
and, in the process, Mr.. Ben
son will have gotten rid Of
some of the surplus which has
caused him such monumental
distress.
In the Senate the Demo-
cratic farm bloc, still debating
the 1856 omnibus farm bill,
seemed bent on making a silk
purse out of a sow's ear. They
hoped the purse would be
chock full of votes for Demo-
cratic candidates.
The issue that overshadowed
all others was the question of
flexible or inf1exible farm price
supports. It was a close battle,
but the defenders of rigid sup
ports, who include several
Midwest Republicans, believed
that they had picked up some
strength.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
CONGRESS
U. S. Sells Surplus
Crops to Indonesiu;
Neff Quiz Goes On

Critics of high and fixed
price supports call it surplus"
The defenders of rigid props
call it inventory" or stock
pile"
But whatever it is, the
Agriculture Department an
nounced Friday that it was
getting rid of $91.8 million
worth of the stuff, with Indo-
nesia the buyer.
If the dollar mark is used
in explaining the deal, the
United States comes out on
the long end, for the COM
modities went for los per cent
of the current support price.
and the buyer will pay for the
transportation. But although
it was a $9l.8 million deal, the
sale was made under Title
of Public Law 480, which per-
mits payment in foreign cur
rency, not dollars. The money,
once it is received by the
United States, will be spent in
Indonesia for Indonesians. A
few of the rupiahs Ia rupiah
is nominally worth 834 cents)
received in payment will be
spent to help operate Amer
lean missions in Indonesia,
but the bulk of it will go into
public projects, benefiting In
donesians directly and--the
Americans hope - United
States good will indirectly.
The agreement covered rice,
cotton, leaf tobacco and wheat
flour.
On Tuesday Agriculture Sec
rotary Ezra Taft Benson had
a word of cheer for cotton
growers. He was. he said in
effect, removing the umbrella
he has been holding over world
market prices of cotton. Be-
ginning August /. the an
nouncement said. all Govern
ment-owned cotton stockN will
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04

cient numbers if war emer-
gency conditions are pro-
longed.
Washington, with its rela-
lively low population density,
its sprawling miles of relatively
open residential development,
and the consequent long dis
tances to be traversed between
homes and places of work,
would be especially vulnerable
to breakdown of its internal
transportation system because
Of scarcity of unavailability
of petroleum or chemical fuels,
rubber tires and replacement
parts for buses in time of
emergency. The consequent
effects upon operation of the
National Government at such
times could be extremely seri-
Gus.
The present streetcar sys-
tenn in Washington Is one of
the best remaining in any city,
in spite of it's shortcomings.
Its equipment is virtually all
of the P. c. C. type, the latest
in operation anywhere. These
cars have rapid acceleration,
high operating speeds and re-
latively low maintenance costs.
Trackage generally is in good
shape. The routes are strate-
gically located to handle high
density traffic in conjunction
with short-haul bus lines serv-
ing as feeders and branches.
In view of the tremendous
advantages of Washington's
streetcar system in time of
possible emergency, as we'll as
its economic and physical ad-
vantages to the city in peace
time, abandonment of the sys-
tenn in favor of buses hardly
appears to be a wise move.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04

well stay at home and vote by
mail"
His bill seemed to have
widespread support. 1t cleared
the powerful Rules Committee
and advanced on the calendar
without opposition.
Breeden's Mistoke
But last week Mr.. Breeder
made what some regard as a
mistake in debating the merits
of his bill. He cited as a bad
example of snowballing the
Moore resolution to continue
segregation another year.
1t so happened that at that
moment the House was en-
gagged in heated debate of the
Moore resolution, which is
strongly backed by some of the
States most powerful Demo-
cratic leaders.
State Senator Harry F. Byrd,
jr., of Winchester, attacked
the Breeder bill. He said it
would shackle the Senate. He
called it dangerous and de-
clared. "It says we are so lack
ing in self-restraint and ma
turity we must write into law
a shackle for ourselves.
The Senate killed the Bree-
den bill, II to %.
Some say another danger in
the snowballing technique is
that prominent leaders some
times obtain the signatures of
more timid legislators merely
by sheer force of influence.
At least one lawmaker is
reported to have signed the
Moore resolution without read
ing it and later lamented the
fact. Some of the 81 who
signed Mr.. Moncure's bill
against the Arlington school
board subsequently said they
would have preferred to re-
main off the list of sponsors.
The anti-organization Dem
ocrat, Delegate Robert White
head, during a recent debate,
seemed to sum up the situa-
ton when he said:
I'm not too quick to sign
resolutions. I find it a heap
easier to be off and get on than
to be on and try to get Off"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
DISTRICT
By HECTOR Mclean

The Districts revenue pro-
gram, launched on a tax and
a prayer, got past it's first and
least hazardous shoal water
last week.
The storms which could open
the seams of this cockelshell
of state, or simply swamp her.
are yet to come. And there
are many.
The plan to increase the
National Capitals municipal
revenues some $12 million a
year is tailored with painful
care to maintain a balance
with proposed spending. 1t
also depends hopefully on the
dream that Congress will APP
propriate its full share toward
meeting those costs.
So far it embodies no recog-
milton of heavy tax losses
which will start to hit when
Capital Transit Co. goes out
OF business by act of Congress
next August IA. These could
run as high as SIS million a
year.
The first hurdle was cleared
last week. when the revenue
bill was revised and approved
by a joint subcommittee of the
House and Senate District
Committees, Now it goes to
the full House District Com
mlttee, and then to the floor
OF the House, where it will
encounter its first really
serious trouble.
Why It's Risky
A major difficulty is that
almost any trouble would be
serious.
Here is why:
The law says the city must
operate in the black. Without
the revenue program, the Dis
trict stands to be SO million
in the red before the end of
this fiscal year next June 80.
The plan is to make up So
million of that by persuading
Congress to reverse it's action
OF last session and hand over
the full amount of the annual
$40 million Federal payment
authorized by law.
Last year, the House Appro-
priations Committee tried to
cut the payment from $40 mil
lion to SIG million, and the
House. agreed. The Senate
went for the full $40 million,
and the two houses compro-
missed on $18 million-leaving
the District shy 81 million of
revenue.
Now the District is asking
Congress to come through with
the full amount. and restore
the missing 50 million.
Even if Congress, does So
and it may not-the municipal
government still stands to be
about ST. million in the red
this year, and hopes to make
up the shortage out of the new
revenue program next year.
The program provides an in
crease of $40 million in taxes
on District residents. and in
cludes a request for Congress
to authorize an increase in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
By JOSEPH M. GAMBATEsE

Steadily rising pay in the
years ahead seems assured by
the spread of long-term wage
agreements with provisions for
future annual increases.
There is disagreement In
both management and labor as
to the desirability of such
agreements, but two results
appear certain:
l. The spread of long-term
contracts from automobile
workers to more than 2,750,-
600 employees in farm equip
ment, electrical machinery,
soft coal. trucking, fiat glass,
atomic energy, construction
and other industries assures
a minimum increase of about
six cents an hour to most fac
tory workers over the next four
years.
2. The pattern of increases
in those industries will serve
as a floor on which unions in
steel and other industries that
bargain annually on wages
will build larger wage settle
mentS in years of high BUSH
ness activity. 1t happened in
1855 and will likely happen
again this year.
Built-in wage increases in
long-term contracts averaged
around five or six cents an
hour last year, while the aver
age increase for all hourly
earnings in manufacturing
was about 10 cents an hour.
Supplemental employment pay
plans. like those in the auto
mobile industry, cost another
five cents an hour for those
employers which gave them.
This year deferred wage in
creases amounting to ten cents
an hour will be paid in soft
coal, eight cents in overtime
road trucking, seven cents in
atomic energy, six cents in
automobiles, farm equipment,
electrical manufacturing and
Woodworking, five cents in
fiat glass, and varying amounts
in construction and other in
dustries.
IS Cents for Steel
The CLIO Steelworkers won
a 15-cent increase last July,
and this year President David
j. Mcdonald will try again to
get more than the automobile
workers, who got six cents
plus a supplemental unem-
ployment pay plan last year
and will get an automatic six
cents in June. General Elec-
trio employees will get the same
in September.
Since 1913, when General
Motors and the CLIO United Au-
tomobile Workers signed their
first long-term agreement. a
two-year affair, both average
factory wages and wage rates
negotiated annually have risen
about as much as those COW
cred by long-term agreements.
In very good business years,
however, annual negotiations
have brought larger increases
and the broad coverage of
automatic. deferred increases
in recent years is likely to put
a floor under those increases
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
DISTRICT
Stormy Seas Ahead
For Revenue Plans

ANNUAL rtueIdl pdyIIleIlG lfUIi
$40 million to $22 million.
This will be no cinch to get
through the House. One rea-
son is the tendency of some
members to make records as
economizers by voting against
increased Federal payments to
the District-the residents of
which cannot vote-while they
would not dare to economize
on national issues which might
cost them votes at home.
Payment Fight Looms
Even If the increase in the
Federal payment is author
lied, a still harder fight lies
ahead to get the full payment
appropriated. The House APP
preparations Committee, ira
ditionally, regularly refuses to
vote the full authorized figure
and is usually sustained by
the House.
Although the revenue pro-
gram will increase taxes-and
insure their collection-there
is no assurance about the Fed
eral share.
Because of this, it is con-
ceivable that Congress may
refuse to restore the So million
cut from the current years
Federal payment. And it
might refuse to appropriate
any more next year than it did
this year. If so. the city would
be Sc million in the red, since
the budget makers are plan
ming on the full $40 million for
this year, the full $40 million
for next year, plus an addi-
tional 50 million.
That sort of a blow would
cripple the Districts program
of constructing public works,
of which S13 million for next
year has been held back from
submission to Congress await
ing passage of the revenue bill.
Transit Crisis
And, observers wonder, what
about the effect of the Wash
ington transit crisis? All pro-
posals for future operation,
both public and private, plan
on tax exemptions running as
high as SIS million year.
So far, the revenue program
has taken no account of this
loss, although three members
of the House District Subcom-
mittee which has been wres-
ting with the program are also
members of the House Com
merce Subcommittee which is
handling the transit crisis.
One of them, Oren Harris,
Democrat of Arkansas, is
chairman of the latter group.
The others are John Bell Will
liams, Democrat of Mississippi,
and Joseph P. O'Hara, Re-
publican of Minnesota.
At least the three can solace
themselves with the thought
that they are not alone in the
responsibility they share to-
ward the Districts fiscal
dilemma.
Nor the Capital Transit
crisis. in which only 1874 days
are left before a complete
stoppage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04

Prof. Mayer Of the University Of
Chieoso's Department Of Geoero-
ply, is a we'll known student Of city
planning, giving special emphasis
to problems Of urbon mass irons
portotion. Because much special
pleading pro and con streetcors hos
been directed at the Washington
public recently. The Stor commits
stoned Prof. Mayer TO present his
disinterested point Of view.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
Transit Expert Presents
Case for the Streetcor

ing-out of the areas required
for the activities of govern
ment and business and the adj
ditional expenditures of time
and effort necessary to over
come the greater distances sep
arating governmental and
business establishments would
seriously handicap their opera
ton.
World War II Experience
1t is very significant that the
long-term downward trend in
use of transit was sharply
reversed during World War II.
Because in many areas street.
car services had been aban-
doned and tracks removed, the
motor bus, with its smaller size
and capacity, had a difficult
time in carrying the loads
diverted to it not only from the
decline of the streetcar, but,
more Importantly, from the
automobile. The auto, for its
part. was rendered not fully
disable as a medium of trans
portation by wartime shortages
of gasoline, tires, and replace
ment parts.
The motor bus shares the
automobiles vulnerability in
times of war to shortages of
petroleum fuel, rubber and
critical parts. Furthermore,
buses, subject to more rapid
depreciation than streetcars,
may not be available in suffi-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-04
BY HAROLD M. MAYER

The apparently impending
abandonment of street railway
service in Washington portends
grim possibilities for the future,
particularly in the event of a
major war or other national
emergency. Before proceeding
with the scrapping of a vital
transit facility in it's capital
city, the nation should con-
slider carefully the possible
consequences of such action.
Termination of stree
operation in Washington is in
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1956-01-06
Psychological Handicap

To their credit vananly To prove
their spomanshp Mondays constantly cheering
ttShughs hob Gr,cr Negro play New Orleans
Louisiana classic
What the fans could completely the great
psychological handicap which the
deavuur Is usually affected
whether he would admit the political
Georgia. Governor Marvin trying stop the game
cause Of the presence Of Negro player had
OF the Pittsburgh Panhcrs
The hassle rcplayrd the prss game
whether Gricr would be allowed game
and dance and stay the hotel
In all unlosS trcr bound
cal impact tho lad The
tn New Orleans challenge jim,
In the minds of the
he born black and had the
with fellow students who happened to be born
We thought about the load this a
made resulted In the lone Georgia Tech touchdown
must have shed the
while he played game lone touchdown
defeated his charged Nothing
that the the
game people expecting
than his normal share something
the Grfnns not handicap 10 the player Those
participate collegiate football tell that
aImrortan
surrounding Pittsburgh
give the controversy the type % relaxed
enjoyed That he pay.i well
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1956-01-06
The Legion Is Disgraeed
PAPER IS FIXTURE m onssAM NONE
Editorial In LIFE Magazine, Oct. "a, 1857

To speak o carefully considering
facts is to invite public dsris, and indifference
-sEABoRN p. COLLINS
That advice the outgoing national gave
they paid Collins
whip the delegates voted down one the
thorough
Legion committee
Ray Murphy former national commander distinguished
Iowa headed this committee 1t d ridiculous
made In earlier haockd Legion resolution and by anUNEsco
propagandss United
Organization promotes
government FE Sept 2) Digging into all such charges the
nttse carefully examined and refd 70 specific that
UNEsco by a fifth
column The committee itself visited three Communist booshos
Daily Worker files hunting UEsCo
They did Communist Poland resigned UNEsco
the ground that obent instrument of the cold war
UNEsco 3 al o
United Nations which tries sometimes Intellectually to raise levels
education health nutrition and
unc But where II has effective with help
Ing edc hteracy In backward areas the commee an earlier
o impressed n
half read write both committees found
that such teams not only doing good but helping to create
(which neacy hence better
toners Like the Legons the u Chambers committee had found
basis for the indictments Of UNEsco we looked for evidence
and could not find H."
Murphy Catholic was impressed Catholic
the supported UNESCo atheism Muphys committee
UNEsCo purely dealing
dealing
relations with his God but it not by
Goddess for seeks break the chains of
that shcke the minds of to untold millions from
o $ doing
ply suggestion
Legion: ct US about Masters business"
Incredibly the delegates
report condemned
UNEsCofor the false Murphy had devastang
Not having H. they perhaps did not know Muphys
further finding the all these false charges
haemongers the Attorney
President Eisenhower
Swedish Jew
It may irony flag waving Legion APP
the role subversves But the convention does
the IS million Legtonnaires who largely do fine
patriotic job represents only
national Legion their dictator
fmRD WIN Tough 10
nothing public distr and
Indifference"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1956-01-06
No Merger Without Real Study

Any plan to privately apported Minneapolis Mavo.
council on Human Rraons supported Minneapolis
Fair Employment ought 10 be given
study before a decision
This newspaper from what It agencies In
question not prepared to that
In the beat interests city more important public
JOB In any American city than that
and creating better understanding and
hgouA group" which make the population
Tho human rotations councils being
past 10 have done Job along with
other agencies creating good will and real nc. in
the special problems which initiate
socially and eutuai Many OF the bodies
have been supported AZ has the Minneapolis
from private sources individual donations and the
ions Tho budgets In
what each city haa derived tn benefits operation
In some cities like Minneapolis the
In addition tax supported FEp Usually thcs. grna
have been set to police the employment practices
ordinances and have entirely different the cdua
uona approach OF organization IKE OF Min.
ncRpoia
would be the
present budget o the two
$4,000 II city OF tho Of Minneapolis spend
10000 per for the reducing
e'a and religious tensions building between ct-
Gems Il ought TO hang n shame
ono other important Mayors Council on Human
Relations ought not be with the IT, Il will
bo AT Tho mercy Of the politicians for It's appropriations
under constant every year.
The present mayors council operating independent
than popular opinion
est OF human deccncy minority groups II Il had
been operating budget opposing
teess would the
aldermen would council
We do not believe the public spirited
backed the
great good Il has widening human relations
horizon want hastily turned into
considerable study
newspaper particular interests Of one Of IN.
believe that the thing wishes OF
the minority groups befor any merger Ia entered into