davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05

doubt that this classification can
be justly applied to u.s."
However, 1t is scarcely possi-
bic to have the benefits of a cut
in federal income taxes and les
sening of excise levies or corpor-
ate taxes unless the government
expenses are reduced proportion
ately. believe that Congress will
look carefully in this direction
when it takes up appropriation re-
quests for foreign aid, in the
Forthcoming fiscal year."
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05

and when to harvest. In rental
cases like these, the landowner re-
ceives rentals from real estate and
is not covered by social security.
The renter is self-employed for
social security purposes.
Reporting
If you meet the definition of a
self-employed farmer as described
and had at least $400 net earnings
inn 1855, you are covered by So
cial security. You must file a tax
return and pay the social security
tax of 3 percent of your net earn
ings. The maximum you pay on
is $4,000. The forms needed to
file returns will be provided by
the District Director of Internal
Revenue. Be sure to enter your
social security number on your re-
turn. If you do not have a num-
ber get one from your nearest So
cial security Office.
Self-employed farmers must file
a tax return and pay the self-em-
ployment tax even if they owe no
income tax. They can't get social
security credit for their self-em-
ployment earnings unless they
comply with this provision of the
law. A self-employed farmer must
file his return and pay the tax by
April 15 at the latest.
The amount you report is your
net earnings-or profit-after you
subtract your farm expenses from
your gross income. But if your
gross income is $500 or less, and
you report on the cash basis you
have the choice between reporting
your actual net earnings or re-
porting half of the gross income.
You can report either way.
If your gross income is over
$500, you must figure your actual
net earnings. If these net earn
ings are less than 5000 you have
a choice. You may either report
the actual amount or 5000.
How Long VIII 1t Take To
Become Insured?
Farmers newly covered by the
law will be interested in knowing
how long it will take them to be-
come insured and have old-age
and survivors Insurance protection
for themselves and their families.
A newly-covered farmer will be
insured beginning April 1, 1856, if
his net farm earnings are at least
$4O0 in 1855 and $400 in 1856.
(Earnings for 1856 can be based
on 1855 crops sold in 1866. This
will enable him to get retirement
insurance benefits if he is now age
65 and will give his family pro-
lection in case of his death, even
though he is under age 65. Mo re-
tirement payments may be made,
however, before the farmer reach
es age 65. A younger farmer, like
other younger workers, must con-
tinue to get social security credits
as later years pass in order to
his insured status. After
ten years of work covered by the
law, he will remain insured for
life, whether or not he engages in
any more employment or self-em-
ployment covered by the law. This
means that some benefits will be
payable in his old age, or in case
of his death. The amount of the
payments, however, will depend on
his average earnings.
What This Means For the
Farm Family
Farm earnings will count to-
ward social security benefits for
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05

toward monthly payments in old
age (even if the farmer is already
65 or over and monthly pay
ments to survivors in case of the
breadwinner's death.
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05
sELF-ENIPLoYED FARMERS
Want to Know How Social Secur-
ity Applies to Their Earnings

Self-employed farmers are ask
ing how social security applies to
their earnings this year. They
want to know when and how to
report their farm earnings for
1855. Some of these farmers are
landowners, some farm on shares,
some are renters. In the follow
ing paragraphs we are giving the
general rules for each of these
groups. If you need more specific
information, we suggest you get
in touch with our nearest office
for the details.
Landowner
If you own or lease a farm
from the owner and arrange with
someone else to farm it for you
on a share basis, this is the rule:
Nine of your income from that
land is covered by social security
if the following four things are
true.
1. Your share farmer under
takes to produce a crop~or live
stock,
2. On your farm or ranch for
which
8. Your share farmer will re-
eeive) a share of the crop or live
stock or a share of the proceeds
from the sale thereof, and
4. The amount of his share as
well as yours depends upon the
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05
Sherif's Sale
OF VALUABLE
Real Estate

By virtue of a writ of Levari facias,
for sale of land to me directed. will be
exposed to public sale by way of public
vendue, at the front door of the Kent
County Codrt House. Dover. Kent County.
State of Delaware, on
Smyrna times., 1956-04-05
total amount of the crop or the

total amount of the crop or the
number of livestock produced.
However, if you share-crop
some of your land and retain
some for a crop of your own, you
are covered by social security on
the crop from the land which you
retained for your own. 1t makes
no difference whether you live on
the farm. You may live in town
and turn the day-to-day operation
of the farm over to one or more
employees and still be self-em-
ployed.
Share-Cropper
If you farm someone else's land
on shares under the conditions
listed above, you are considered
self-employed for social security
purposes. Remember that all four
conditions must be met for this
rule to apply. If any one of the
conditions are not met, you would
not necessarily be self-employed.
If you are farming under a part
nership arrangement, both of you
are self-employed. On the other
hand, you may be an employee of
the person for whom you are do
ing the farm work.
Renter
Some farming is done on rent
ed land. A landowner may decide
to rent his entire farm, say for
$40 per acre. The landowner
takes no part in the daily farming
operations. The renter decides
what to plant, how to cultivate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Uphum Retires
AS Head of District
Auto Parking Unit

The District Commissioners to-
day accepted the resignation Of
Charles M. Upham as chairman
of the Motor Vehicle Parking
Agency.
Also, they acknowledged the re-
tirement from the Citizens Adj
visory Council of Brig. Gen.
Benjamin o Davis, USA (ret0.
Mr.. Upham said he was re-
signing because his work as an
engineer consultant abroad re-
quires that | be out of the coun-
try almost continuously. and it Is
impossible foi me to devote as
much attention to the agency as
1t deserves
Acknowledging Gen. Davis re-
tirement, Commissioner Samuel
Spencer praised him most highly
for the faithful and unselfiSh
devotion to duty which has char
acterized your work on the coun-
Gil since you became one of its
members on December IL, 1882"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
CITYS FIREHOUSE SIRENS
DISCONTINUE NOON TESTS

tests Of District frehouse sirens will be dscon-
tnued Immediately and in the future they will be sounded
only when fire engines rolling in genuine civil
defense alert.
The regular civil defense sirens will continue to be
sounded at Mondays to test the equipment however
Fire Chief Willard H. Sutton said the sounding OF FIRE
house sirens noon part Of the CD tests has caused
confusion resulting in motorists dsregardng the sirens IN
when equipment actually was being dispatched
to fire.
Chief Sutton said that in the future the sounding Of
frehouse sirens will that fire engines are actually
rolling.
1T is important than ever before that the
public pay attention to fire sirens Chief Sutton said. lin
order to avoid accidents"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Strike Vote Awaits
New Offer From
Baltimore Transit

BALTIMORE. Jan. 10 R.-
A transit union spokesman said
today that unless the Baltimore
Transit Co. makes the union an
offer within "a hours, union
leaders will call for a strike vote
starting tomorrow night.
Frank P. Baummer, president
of the operators union, said:
1.-THE company hasn't made us
an Offer"
Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro
will meet with company and I'M
ion representatives tomorrow in
an attempt to avert q walkout.
The present contract expires
January %. The unions demand
for a ascent hourly wage hike
is the chief point in dispute.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
BY JOHN M. ROSSON

Seldom is the injured party
the first one to forget, but such
was the case last night Of the
Northwest mother who was
knocked unconscious Tuesday
during melee among members
of the Grant Elementary School
IPTA.
Periodically, those whose
riotous behavior led to her in
juries appeared as divided as
ever.
Setting an unusual example
for her fellow PTA workers was
Mrs. Hubert F. Mcdaniel of 2418
G street NV.
Mrs. Mcdaniel, the mother Of
a bright sixth-grader at the
school, Twenty-first and @
streets NV, was severely bruised
when she fell during the disorder
on Tuesday night.
"But I'm going to the next
meeting and do what I can ID
patch UP the hard feelings,
Mrs. Mcdaniel said. "PTAs
work for the children, and they
are what count"
There was little evidence, how
ever, that other members of the
group were ready to bury the
hatchet. Old friends still weren't
speaking, and no plans had been
made to hold a patch-it-ur
meeting, several members said
The trouble eliminated a bitter
Itwo-month-old dispute, which
split the organization wide. Fea-
tured Tuesday night was a con-
troversy over whether minutes
of executive meetings held In
November and December should
be read to the full membership
Mrs. c. Daniel Bremen. the
president, and other association
officers. maintained they should
not. Some members insisted
they should. When 1t became
very apparent that neither side
would give, about a dozen par
ents stormed the rostrum to graf
the disputed records. The min.
utes were torn to shreds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Mother Injured in Melee
Plans PTA Peace Effort

Mrs. Mcdaniel, seated about
three feet from the chair, went
down in the ensuing battle,
which included the failing Of
arms. kicking and yelling.
"I'm not sure just what hap
pened." Mrs. Mcdaniel said. II
could have stepped on a pencil.
There was one on the floor, and
it could have tripped me up. In
any case, I had put my coat on
and was trying to make my way
past the mob. The floor came up
to meet me, and I believe ]
passed out when my head hit the
floor"
Mrs. Mcdaniel, a meat wrap
per in the Food Fair at 3401
Naylor road Sc, has been q
member of the Grant School,
IPTA for about seven years. She's
Ia safety patrol mother ano
spends most of Tuesdays-hei
day off-working with Grant
School students on a variety OF
special projects. That's the day
too, when she goes with her H.
|year-old daughter, Mary Lou, tc
a Girl Scout meeting.
"Of course, 1 won't quit the
PTA," Mrs. Mcdaniel declared
Mary Lou and the other chill
dren need their parents help
Mrs. Mcdaniel will continue
Jas an active member Of the non
|PTA Citizens Committee to
Save Grant" because she feels
the Board of Education is wrong
in wanting to close the 75-year-
old school.
The board has delayed the
closing Eat this time" 1t Or
|iginally was set for February /
but the board changed its mind
when parents threatened a stu
dent strike. Organizing plans
for the strike were responsible
for the holding Of the disputed
executive sessions.
Subsequent designations By
most of the associations officers
led to the bitter split.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Air Force Clerk Wins
Auto on Birthday

Mrs. Eunice Lewis, 80, Of 800
Thirty-fourth street NE. yester-
day was named the winner of
the fifth and final car given
away at the auto show which
ended last Sunday night.
Mrs. Lewis is an Air Force
clerk in the Pentagon. Yester-
day, her 33d birthday, she was
given the keys to her new car
by Auto Show Manager Mike
Murphy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19

PEOPLE MAKE FUN of us
sometimes because of the titles
Of some of the pamphlets we
SELL" DR.. Eastin, the GPO's
executive officer, went on.
But there are always a lot
of people interested in the.
subjects covered.
"Of course, we don't sell a
lot of copies of the highly
technical things. For example,
If you sell eight hundred or a
thousand copies of a pam
phlet called The Water Level
Of Southern Illinois, you've
got the market pretty well
saturated.
"But it's seldom that a per-
son who comes in here doesn't
find something to interest him.
They'll come in to just look
around, and will find them
selves buying something like
Making Cellars Dry"
The GPO knows a good
thing when it sees it, and has
its share Of best-sellers. Going
well right now, as it has in past
years, is a 25-cent pamphlet
titled, Your Federal Income
Tax"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
The
Rambler
GPo Book Store
Fine Browsing
By JACK JONAS

DR.. Roy Eastin, with a CLINT
Of pride In his eyes, looked
around the Government Print
ing ONCE book shop, a busy
place with the answers to a
million questions.
I'VE think it makes a rather
attractive display" he said.
THE employees pick the items
to be put on the shelves. Some
times I think they look at the
color Of the covers more than
the content Of the pamphlets
in making their selections.
There is as much difference
between this book store and
the stodgy, red brick building
which houses it at North Cap
itol and g streets as there is
between a pair of pamphlets
on sale there-"Culture of Or
chids" and Improving the
Efficiency of Retail Grocery
Clerks by Better Training"
The store is streamlined and
modern. Books and pamphlets
mostly they are pamphlets,
ranging in topic from snails to
nails-are lined neatly on
blond wooden racks, brightly
lit with fluorescent lights. The
material comes from the big
gest publishing house in the
country-the United States
Government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Auction Plan
Studied forS.W
RIA Seeks Policy
On RedeveIopment

Oficials are considering a type
Of auction as a means Of SELL
ing or leasing land in Washing
tons Southwest redevelopment
area to private investors for re-
building.
The land disposition question
is one Of the most important fac
ing the District Redevelopment
Land Agency, and John r.
Searles, jr.. RIA director, said
no firm policy has been de-
termined.
One possibility which he said
Is promising would call for RIA
to negotiate a certain land-sales
price with an investor interested
in the rebuilding job.
Others Could Bid
Any other investors would be
permitted to bid higher amounts,
with the original firm being
given a chance to beat the high
est bid by 5 per cent.
Presumably. Mr.. Searles has
discussed this method with Will
liam Zeckendorf, whose New
York firm Of Webb & Knapp has
said it wants to handle about
SO per cent Of the 440-acre Area
c redevelopment project.
Mr.. Searles said this combi-
nation Of negotiation and auc-
ton has been used successfully
lin other cities.
Area b Negotiation
It is not being used in Area
lB. the pilot 76-acre Southwest
redeyelopment project. In the
Area B case. RIA has agreed
simply to negotiate a land sales
figure with a New York syndi-
cate already selected to do the
rebuilding job.
Meanwhile. Mr.. Searles also
reported that Webb & Knapp
Is considering the possibility Of
selling, rather than renting.
many Of the residential units
proposed In the big Southwest
project. The feeling in the past
has been that all the units
probably would be rented.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Council to Honor
Father LuFurqe

The Rev. John LaFarge. S. j.,
writer. editor and sociologist, will
be honored by the Catholic Inter-
racial Council of Washington at
a testimonial luncheon at l pm
Saturday at the Burlington
Hotel.
The occasion will be the 50th
anniversary celebration of Fa-
ther LaFarge's ordination to the
Catholic priesthood. The lunch
con is open to the general public,
DR.. John j O'Connor Of George
town University will preside.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19

The National Probation and
Parole Association has con-
demned Judge Edith Cockrill's
administration In Juvenile Court
as causing "a loss to the national
effort to cope with the delin-
quency problem.
But, meanwhile, Representa-
tive Cooper, Democrat Of Ten.
nessee, chairman Of the House
Ways and Means Committee
has declared his strong support
Of the judge. He is backing hel
reappointment.
VIII c. Turnbladh of River
Edge, N. j., director Of the asso.
citation. sent the following letter
to Attorney General Brownel
January 3:
ct is my understanding thai
the President Of the United
States will appoint a Judge Of
the Juvenile Court Of the. Dis.
trict Of Columbia.
SHOULD Represent Best"
"As you know. an enlightened
effective Juvenile Court is es'
sential to the protection of chill.
dren and families as well as tn,
community itself.
1.-THE Juvenile Court Of oul
capital, however, is>of particular
Significance because it shoult
represent the best of the Juvenile
Court movement In America. /
can and should be an exampl,
for the rest Of the Nation
Juvenile Courts.
1.-THE fact that the Juvenile
Court of the District has no
provided this leadership is [
loss to the national effort Il
cope with the delinquency prob
lem. Visitors from foreign coun'
tries studying the American
system frequently observe thu
District Of Columbia Juvenil'
Court.
while we do not recommens
specific candidates, We woult
urge the appointment Of a per
son with the best possible quail
lifications."
Criticized by Schin
Earlier TINS week, Philip Schifl
chairman of the area chapter o
1.-THE National Association TO
Social Workers. declared in a let
tier to the press that Judge Cock
Irill's administration leaves mucl
Ito be desired
1 Representative Cooper an
Senator Kefauver led the Ten
lnessee Congressional delegation
that won Judge Cockrill's ap
pointment six years ago. He
term expired last August. Sh
has continued on the bench pend
ling White House action on reap
lpointment OF a successor.
Judge Cockrill took office Au
gust S.. 1913, in a ceremony dom
mated by Tennesseans. Hersel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
CONVENTIONS
TODAY

The National Association
Of Real Estate Boards ends
its seven-day board meeting
at the Mayflower and Statler
Hotels.
The Highway Research
Board holds the fifth of its
six-day meeting at the
Sheraton Park Hotel.
The Women's Forum on
National Security in the
second day of a three-day
session at the Statler Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Probation Group AssoiIs
CockriII's Administration
But Cooper, House Group Chairman,
Strongly Books Juvenile Court Judge


Ia Tennessee native, she received
her commission as judge from H
Graham Morrison, a Tennessean
and assistant attorney general
Mr.. Cooper was present to vel
come her to the new position
Senator Kefauver also attended
Mr.. Cooper was asked today
whether he would oppose nom-
ination Of a replacement 1ol
Judge Cockrill.
G. o. p. Backs Ketcham
He said it would not be up to
him to oppose such a nomina-
ltion. A reporter pointed our
there are rumors the White
House is apprehensive over re.
placing Judge Cockrill for feal
of rousing his wrath. Mr.
Cooper said he did not care tt
elaborate on his statement that
he was strongly In favor Of
Judge Cockrill's denomination.
The major candidate the Re.
publicans are backing for thu
ISL, 500a -a-year job is Orm w
Ketcham, a lawyer in the Justic'
Departments Antitrust Divi'
sion.
The District Bar Association
wrote the Justice Department
supporting him and two othel
candidates.
2 Others Proposed
! Mr.. Ketcham reportedly hal
1.-THE edge in Justice Department
consideration over the two
Others, Professor Leo Huard o.
lGeorgetown University and Mrs
Olive g. Faircloth. an assistant
corporation counsel.
/ MI. Schiff's letter. printed II
The Star Tuesday, said continu'
alton of Judge cockrill's interim
regime would be unfortunat'
las well as unfair to all concern
led, particularly for those whit
come within the jurisdiction o.
1.-THE Juvenile Court"
Leaving the appointment in
state of suspense sis to neglec
seriously the welfare Of tn
city" he wrote.
| Cites Cooperation Need
1 He added that the Juvenil
.ICourt needs the cooperation o
1.-THE Board of Public Welfare
police and other courts. 1T
mo secret that the present In
Icumbent has been contantly q
odds with most If not all G
these groups" he charged.
/ The National Probation an
Parole Associations officers in
. Iclude Roscoe Pound. George "
, ISmyth, William Dean Embret
. Edwin L. Garvin. Sigurd s. Lar
|. mon and Orie r. Kelly. 4
It's board of trustees include
several jurists, including Chic
. Judge Bolitha j. Laws OF tn
District Court here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
Curb on Vacations
For Judges Urged
Limit Of Month
Sought to Cut.
Case BockIog

Federal judges may be asked
in March to limit their vaca-
tions to one month each year
wherever there is an abnormal
delay in bringing cases to trial,
The Star learned today.
The Judicial Conference.
headed by the chief justice, will
be asked to declare the one
month limit as Federal court
policy Gin those districts or cir
cults where the disposition Of
judicial business is not on q
normal average current basis"
The recommendation is con-
tanned in a report made by q
special Committee on Court Adj
ministration, headed by Chief
Judge John Biggs, jr., Of the
Court Of Appeals for the third
district.
The report was ordered by
the Judicial Conference last
March because of a growing
concern over the inability Of the
court In many districts Ito keep
up with the rising tide Of judicial
business and the consequent ac-
cumulation Of arrearages and
long delays to litigants in reach
ing trial" and a concern, ex-
lpressed by Congressman and
others, that in some metro
politan districts where there are
long delays, court sessions for
trial Of civil cases are very much
limited during the summer.
Three-Week Average
Judge Biggs' survey Of all cir
cult and district judges, how
ever, shows that the judges are
taking an average Of only three
weeks vacation q year. A ques-
tionnaire was circulated to all
judges. OF these, 268. or % per
cent, replied. Twenty-nine gave
answers too indefinite to be
used"
The 239 disable replies. listing
all vacations of one week or
more, not counting sick leaves.
taken in the last five years show:
Twenty-three judges took no
vacations.
One hundred and eight judges
,Itook less than three weeks a year.
One Took 17.7 Weeks
Forty judges took more than
one month a year.
i One judge averaged IT. weeks
Ia year.
l Judge Biggs noted that court
successes, contrary to common
lay belief" do not mean that
Judges are on vacation. He said
/ Ijudges spend much time during
lcourt recesses studying and con-
!, lferring on cases, preparing or
ders and opinions. and working
lon administrative matters.
He said many Judges report
they also study cases and work
on opinions on Saturdays and
Sundays and during holidays and
vacations.
/ Cites Manp0wer Lack
He concluded that there IL
mo substantial relationship in the
overall picture of the Federal
judicial system between vacation
Tor holiday periods and arrear-
ages or delays to litigants in
trial" He said lack Of sum-
Client judicial manpower and the
need Of Improvements In admin
istrative techniques are of over
whelming Importance in reliev-
ling existing arrearages."
! He called it the duty" Of
judges to restrict their holidays
. and vacations whenever there is
continuous undue delay" in
bringing cases to trial. He there
fore recommended that the one
month limit be declared official
court policy for such busy
courts. most Of them in metro
politan areas. -t
4 The report and the Judicial
Conferences action on 1t will be
sent to the Senate Judiciary
Committee, which initiated the
vacation-study request.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-19
GeneuIoqicuI Society

The National Genealogical So
ciety will meet at 8 pm. Sat-
urday in the lecture room Of the
Mount Pleasant Branch Of the
Public Library. Sixteenth and
Lamont streets NV,