davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

Secretary of Defense Wilson
flashed out at "fearmongers" to-
day, in telling Senators that the
administrators military defense
system is adequate and reason
able
He warned particularly against
trying to pattern this country's
defense program on that of
Soviet Russia. Such a course,
he said, would be "tantamount
to turning over to the Soviets
the responsibility for designing
and determining the size and
scope of our defense establish
Iment."
Mr.. Wilson was the first wit
ness at the opening of Senate
Appropriations Subcommittee
hearings on the 1852 billion
budget requested by the Presi-
dent for his department for the
coming year. He not only de-
Tended those requests and the
policies and moves they involve,
but also outlined many key steps
and figures-Some hitherto I'M
diScloSed-to support his claim
that the program lis soundly
geared to our defense needs" and
is capable Of lettering any
reckless act of aggression" by
another country.
Little Change in Situation
There has been no change
in the international situation
which would require us to in
crease our forces OVERALL Mr..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

dinner dance at 7 pm. Friday
in the Madison Arms, 1920 q
street NV. :. The District Des
partment of the American Fed
Grafton of Government Employees
holds its regular monthly meet
ing tomorrow at pm. at TOO
Ninth street NV. Meanwhile,
the District group holds its cleo
ton tonight for the three AFGE
vice presidents from the WASH
ington area.
THE Role of the MANAGEMENT
Consultant in Government" win
be discussed by the Washington
Chapter of the Society for Ad-
vancement of Management at a
dinner at 6 pm, May %. in the
Occidental Restaurant, 14ll
Pennsylvania avenue NV.
Speakers will be John l. Thomp-
son and Robert E. Fagley of the
John I. Thompson Co.; T. D.
Morris of Cresap, of Mccormick
and Paget; William c. Morhard.
Navy Department, and Hirst
Sutton. Budget Bureau. :. /. Rob-
ert E. Holllngsworth has been
named Assistant General Mana
ger for Administration of the
Atomic Energy Commission +.
Florence A. Bridgeman of the
Office of Education, Department
of Health, Education and We'll
fare, has received a beneficial
suggestion award. Ira A.
Schulman of Army Ordnance has
received his second sustained
superior performance award. /.
Robert D. Pfahler of the Inter-
state Commerce Commission has
been given a beneficial suggestion
award
The Federal communication
Commission will hold no hearings
or oral arguments during August.
|. Mrs. Virginia S. Wright, Ad-
ministrative Assistant and Secre-
tary to the Quartermaster Gen.
Ieral, has received an outstanding
performance rating and a Sus-
tanned superior performance
award. Recent retireeS at
the Government Printing Office
include Alice E. Mars, Edmund
o. Reuter-. Mrs. Hortense T.
Anderson, James E. Jeffries. John
Johnson, Mrs. Camille r. Neagle
and Jennie o, Russell.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

the Justice Departments tax
division, and Harry I. Schwim-
mer. Puerto Rican businessman
and one-time Kansas City at
torney.
They are charged with con-
spiracy to stall and sidetrack the
prosecution of Irving Sachs, st.
Louis shoe manufacturer, who
was fined $4,000 in 1851 for
income tax evasion.
Oil Royalties Involved
WHY'S Newcomb, special as
sistant to the Attorney General
and chief prosecutor for the trial,
charged in his opening statement
yesterday that Connolly and
Caudle received oil royalties from
Schwimmer for their help.
Schwimmer was attorney for
Sachs.
Connolly got a $4,000 royalty
and Caudle one for $4,000. the
prosecutor said. He said Caudle
gave his back 'only after a ST.
Louis grand jury had started an
investigation to determine if the
Sachs case was fixed"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

THE Governments case will
be simplicity itself" Mr.. New
comb told the jury of eight mer
and four women. I'VE will try tc
prove that the tax evasion case
was not handled honestly, and
we will show how it should have
been handled, how it was fixed
by whom. when and why.
Surprises Are Promised
ut is certain that, in a trial
of this nature, there will be some
surprises"
The 51-year-old Caudle, now
an attorney in Wadesboro, N. c.,
was fired by former President
Truman for having conflicting
interests. Connolly. 48, now is
New York public relations man.
The three defendants sat apart
in the courtroom and took little
notice of each other.
Thirteen attorneys, including
a battery of eight for the de-
Tense, are taking part in the
trial, expected to last more than
a month.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
TODAY'S WEATHER REPORT

District and vicinity-Clear
and cool tonight. low around AZ
in the city. Chance of scattered
light frost in the suburban areas.
Mostly sunny and warmer to-
morrow.
Maryland-Fair and cooler to-
night with scattered frost. Lows
% to 80 in the mountains, 30 to
35 in the central portions and
80 to 40 in the east. Fair, be-
coming warmer, by afternoon,
tomorrow.
Virginia-Clear and cooler to-
night with low 40 to As on the
coast and 80 to 38 in the interior
Scattered light frost. Mostly
sunny tomorrow. becoming
warmer I'M the afternoon.
Wind = Diminishing tonight,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
Hospital Will Feature
Rehu biIitution Exhibit

A rehabilitation exhibit will
be featured at the open house
of Anderson Orthopedic Hospital
tomorrow in observance of Ma
tional Hospital Day.
The hospital, located on
Army Navy drive off Shirley
highway at Glebe road, will be
open to visitors throughout the
week from 2 to 3 pm. and 7 to
8 pm. The rehabilitation exhibit
was prepared for the hospital
by members of the Lyons Village
Women's Club of Arlington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

automation poses to Government
jobs.
Three years ago 8,674 employees
performed these duties. At pres
Ient. through the use of machines,
the work is being done by only
3 187 employees.
Federal employe officials as
well as administration leaders
are working on the problem of
automation and what can be
done to alleviate its effects. No
one is opposed to reducing the
total number of jobs through
attenuation, but the problem is
to devise means of restraining
employees so they can be assigned
to other useful duties. In this
way, the number of jobs could
be reduced by attrition mot fill
ing vacancies, and displaced
employees could be assigned to
other jobs.
X \
SENATE HEARINGS-A Sen
ate Civil Service Subcommittee
will hold hearings tomorrow on
two important bills for Federal
per diem (blue collar workers,
The group is headed by Senator
Neuberger, Democrat of Oregon
One of the bills would provide
longevity pay increases to per
diem employees. The other would
make their future pay boosts
retroactive to the date when a
wage survey is initiated.
X
CAPITAL ROUNDUP - Rura
iElectrification Administration
employees are observing that
agency's 21st birthday with a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
'Stassen Sees
Eventual Hope
OF Arms Slash

Harold E. Stassen predicted
after a conference with President
Eisenhower today that a sound
disarmament agreement eventu-
ally will be worked out with the
Russians.
Mr.. Stassen, special assistant
to the President on disarmament
policy, gave Mr.. Eisenhower a
personal report on eight weeks
of negotiations with the Russians
in the London meeting of the
United Nations Disarmament
Subcommittee.
He told newsmen later that
the London talks made some
significant progress, but that
the areas of disagreement still
are much more important than
the areas of agreement.
Semi Disarmament" Sought
Mr. Stassen emphasized that
the United States is seeking
what he described as safe
guarded semidisarmament" rath-
er than comprehensive OF dras-
tic arms reductions all at once.
|, The next major development
in this field, Mr.. StasSen said,
may be an answer from Moscow
to President Eisenhower'S last
letter to Soviet Premier Bull
ganin. This letter. sent early in
March, emphasized the Presi-
dents open skies" inspection
plan as a step toward disarma-
ment
Mr.. StasSen, in describing the
American goal, explained that
Safeguarded means an effective
inspection system and semi
disarmament" would mean a
start on reducing the arms bur-
den.
Big Political Questions First
The United States considers
that comprehensive disarmament
or even drastic reductions would
be impractical before major po-
litical questions dividing the East
and West are settled
He expressed hope that the
Soviet eventually will agree to
the Presidents aerial inspection
plan.
Asked how hopeful he is of
really ever achieving agreement,
Mr.. Stassen said. Il believe the
day of agreement will come
after "a lot more work" He said
he SO reported to the President.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
1855 Cotton Crop
Tops 1854 Figure
BY the Associated Press

The Agriculture Department,
in final report based on gin
nings. today estimated the 1855
cotton crop at 14,721, 900 bales of
500 pounds gross weight valued
at $2,382,OOO,0O0.
This compared with 13,696,378
bales for the 1854 crop with a
value of $2.301, 100000.
The department estimated the
price of cotton received by farm
ers at an average of 32.4 cents
a pound for the 1855 crop and
1851 cents for the 1854 crop.
The Yield of cotton averaged
All pounds on harvested
acre basis compared with BAL for
the 1854 crop.
No estimate on this years crop
will be issued until July 8.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

insurance coverage for Federal
workers and a payroll deduction
plan.
All major Government employe
unions favor the administrations
proposal, but some of the smaller
unions are opposed to it. These
smaller groups want a basic type
coverage plan.
Mr.. Murray appears to favor
the administration plan, and he
has sponsored bill to carry out
the recommendations. However.
the Tennessee Democrat said
there was no use for his COM
mitee to hold hearings if a time
consuming squabble were to de-
velop.
Should the dissenting employee
groups combine with the major
unions in agreeing to the plan,
there is some indication that
both the House and Civil Service
Committees will go ahead with
hearings, regardless of the posi-
ton of the private health groups.
But pending any solid front by
the employe groups, the commit
tees are marking time on the
free major health insurance
plan.
X \ \
FEDERAL PAYROLL - The
Federal payroll in the Washing
ton area for the month of March
amounted to $103,557,000. The
number of Federal workers in
the Washington area is now 228.-
746. an increase of 1863 over the
preceding month.
X y
AUTOMATION - The situa-
ton in the Veterans Administra-
tons death claims division is
cited by Federal employe leaders
as one example of the threat the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
.cCONIHE
Continued From First Page

continued From First Page
Veterans Administration hospi-
tails.
Mr.. McConihe'S appointment
is made by General Services ad-
ministrator Franklin G. Floete
The new Commissioner was to
be sworn in later today.
The White House made public
an exchange of letters between
Mr.. McConihe and the President
Mr.. McConihe's letter was one
OF resignation from his White
House position to accept the GSA
post. He said it had been a
privilege to serve on the White
House staff and said he would
continue to consider himself "a
member of our team"
Reply of President
This was the Presidents reply
May 7, 1856
while I am sorry that youl
new responsibilities necessitate
your resignation as special con-
sultant at this time, 1 am in
deed glad that you have agreed
to accept appointment in the
General Services Administration
as Commissioner, Public Build
ing Service. You have the broad
experience and good judgment
requisite to successful fulfillmefft
iof the commissioners many i'm
Iportant functions, and l wish
you every success in the assign
Iment.
when you agreed at the be-
ginning of this year to serve as
special consultant on my staff
7 asked that you undertake to
prepare a plan covering the fu-
ture needs for Government office
space in this city, and to advise
me on the actions necessary to
provide more adequate accom-
modationS for Government en-
ployeS generally and eliminate
temporary buildings.
Although your service has
been limited to few months,
am deeply grateful for the prog
IresS you have made thus far,
and look forward to seeing this
project fully accomplished. 1t is
of fundamental Importance to
our efforts to beautify the Ma
tons Capital In your new post
you can do much to speed the
effort.
With personal appreciation
OF your devoted efforts and best
wishes for the future"
Emergency Hospital Head
Mr.. McConihe lives at Po-
tomac, Md, and is the son of
Cne former Democratic national
committeeman. Malcolm s.
McConihe.
He is a member of the Board
of Directors of the Hospital
Council and Group Hospitaliza-
ton, president of Emergency
Hospital and a member of the
board of the Montgomery Coun-
ty Chapter of the American Red
Cross.
The administrators plan fol
the Nations Federal buildings
here contemplateS the demolition
OF all downtown temporary struc
lures by 1860, except the Navy
and Munitions Buildings. A
start has already been made in
leveling the tempos.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

becoming easterly to southeastern
ly 10 to Is miles per hour to-
morrow. Good visibility.
Five-Day Forecast for
Washington and Vicinity
Temperatures averagin two to
four degrees below normal for
the period. Normal maximum 70
and minimum SO.
Cool tomorrow, warmer Thurs
day. Cooler Friday and warmer
at end of the week. Showers like
ly towards the end of the week,
totaling about one-fourth inch.
River Report
tFrOm U s. EnginecrSl
Potomac River clear a iIarpers Ferry
and clear al Great Fails Shenandoah
clear at HarpCrS Ferry.
Temperatures for Yesterday
tRvadine WASHINGTON National Airport
Midnight - Noon ------z 40
3 am 81 Z p m. -
am. 81 5 pm. So
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
Cubu Arsenal Seized

HAVANA, Cuba, May 8 (P).-
Police raiders found II grenadeS
and a supply of bomb fuses and
caps today in a house on the city
outskirts. They arrested three
persons.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

Eisenhower has urged broad
Iened coverage, the administra-
Ition unfortunately" has not
made its views known on what
groups of workers should be in
cluded. Secretary of Labor
Mitchell is due to testify next
Tuesday,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
Health Plan Hearings
Face Committee DeIoy
By JOSEPH YOUNG

Chairman Murray of the House Civil says
he inclined to delay hearings the administrators
Federal empoye major health insurance plan kind of
general reached the parties concerned
The administrations has been sharply
the various private health insurance who health
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

WEATHER BUREAU FORECAST-Showers and thunder
storms forecast for tonight from Oklahoma and North
Southern California 1t will be partly cloudy elsewhere
the West 1t will be cooler in Virginia and mostly fair and
continued cool weather in the Northeast with no precip
tation expected east Of the MssissppAP Wrephoto map
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08
U. S. Promises Surprises
In CoudIe-Conne|IvC Case

: ST. LOUIS, May t40.-The Government called its first
witnesses today in the taXxng trial held high
places in the Truman administration prosecutor said
there will be surprises
The accused Matthew Connolly appointments
secretary at the White House T. Lamar Caude former head
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

Record Temperatures This Year
Highest. 81. on April IS
Lowest 20 On .Ian,iary % - 90
February - anu %
nigh and Low Of Last 81 Hours
hlsh Yesterday. - at 1901 am,
Low last night. ~ at : am.
fide Tables
FURNISHED by the United States coasl
and Geodetic SurvevI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-08

Defense SquadrOns to Increase
8. Air defense squadrons. al
ready jet-equipped, will increase
in number ana receive SubStan-
tial quantities of supersonic air.
craft in the coming fiscal year.
Mr. Wilson challenged critics
who have questioned the De-
Tense Departments research and
development program and its
procurement policies. He de-
clared that the SIG billion re-
quested for research and devel-
opment is essential to the de-
velopment and capable per-
Torrance of all types of mill
tary equipment.
The departments appropria-
ton bill, on which the Senate
subcommittee began hearings to-
day, probably will be taken up
in the House late this week. The
House Appropriations Commit
te last Thursday reported out
a measure giving the department
$685. billion.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-04-01

ranch? This is a subject of somewhat
more than ordinary current interest
because there have in recent years
been SO many new developments that
have changed the economics of farms
and ranches, usually toward larger
sizes. In discussing this subject it will
/ hope, be appreciated that within such
space limitations one can only hit the
high spots.
Any discussion of the economics of
ranch and farm size must, l believe
recognize two phases of the subject.
One phase concerns the matter of
what size will yield the best attainable
in organization, production efficiency
and economy. The other concerns
the practical question of the minimum
size that will, for the commercial oper-
alton, yield reasonably good efficiency
and give full-time job to an operator
and some family labor.
The first of these size concepts we
may term the ''optimum'' size-the
one that can make efficient use of
hired labor and large-scale equipment
and keep abreast of our rapidly evolv-
ing agricultural science. The other size
concept we will refer to as the ''mod-
erate' size of farm or ranch. This
concept is an important one, for we
now have and for the foreseeable fu-
ture will continue to have a large
number of such units. We are not
concerned in this discussion with the
part-time farms that we now see in
Increasing numbers on the outskirts of
our industrial centers.
In discussing this subject, I am going
to give my answers first, and then
briefly give my analysis and conclu-
SionS.
b Four Sections
7 1t is my belief that the present
optimum size for the Montana dry-land
grain farm is around four sections of
tillable land. This is for land with a
probable long-run average wheat yield
of 20 bushels per acre on summer fall
low and with our present proven pro-
duction techniques, which may change
rapidly.
For the moderate sized dryland grain
farm, the lowest size that can have
reasonably good production efficiency
and give an operator job is around
a section and half of land, or about
1000 acres. With the present wheat
acreage restrictions a farm of this size
will, with alternate crop and fallow
operations, have only about half a
section in harvested crop, each year.
This is close to the margin in today's
highly mechanical dryland wheat farm
ing.
For the irrigated general farm, the
present optimum size is probably about
a section and half of irrigated land.
This is for irrigated land with a pro-
ductivity, as measured in terms of
probable alfalfa yield, of three to four
tons per acre. For most of the irri-
gated farm types of Montana, a farm
OF this acreage can have adequate
mechanical equipment and use it well
and can devote the needed acreage to
irrigated pasture for the maintenance
of livestock enterprise.
For this the size of irrigated general
farm that I term moderate, believe
that around 800 acres of irrigated land
is the minimum. A lower size than this
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-04-01
Managing Ranch or Farm
How Many Acres Needed
For an Economic Unit?
By MONT H. SAUNDERSON

equipment. For most of the Montana
irrigated farm types, a farm with 800
acres of land has now become pretty
much of one-man farm, with use of
only the seasonal hired labor This of
course assumes adequate equipment,
which for this size of farm amounts
to an investment of not less than
$4,000, and usually more than that
amount.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-04-01

much of One-man farm, with use of
only the seasonal hired labor. This of
course assumes adequate equipment,
which for this size of farm amounts
to an investment of not less than
$4,000, and usually more than that
amount.
Stock Ranch
Any statement regarding the size for
the stock ranch is of course best put
in terms of number of livestock that
can be maintained year-round, rather
than in terms of acreage. 1t is my view
that, as rule, the stock ranch can
reach the optimum in operating eff
cheney with a size of around 800 animal
units, with an animal unit defined, ap-
prOXimately, as one head of mature
cattle or five ewes.
1 wish to say in qualification of
this statement that there are those
stock ranches that are larger than
this or smaller than this of necessity
because of some Interchangeable limi-
tation in the natural factors. Nature
sometimes dictates what is the best
or most manageable livestock ranch
ing unit because of natural relation
ships between highly seasonal range
lands, crop feeds, water, shelter, ETC.
1t is my view that the moderate size
for the stock ranch, is around. $50 ami
NAL units. This is about the smallest
size that will give an outlet for an
operators time and yield reasonably
good operational efficiency. Modern
machine technology and agricultural
science have not as yet put as severe
limitations upon the lower size of the
stock ranch as they have for most of
the crop farming operations of Mon
tana.
Now, briefly, here are my analyses
and conclusions concerning the con-
cepts and standards given above on
Montana farm and ranch sizes.
Business Ability
1t is my belief that not much is to
be gained, as a rule, for the sizes
above what have defined as optimum.
This is not to say it is a mistake to
have some larger than that, or that
they cannot be very successful. What
l do say is that larger sizes than
those that 1 have term optimum will
as a rule have to depend upon the
superior OrganizationaI and business
ability of an operator, rather than
upon superior production efficiency. 1t
requires no small amount of business
ability to handle farm or ranch en-
terpriSe of the size that I have termed
Optimum.
AS of today the smaller farms, even
those that I have termed of moderate
size, are at a competitive disadvan-
tango in today's fast-changing agricul-
ture. However, before we write off,
the medium to small family type farm,
let us remember that many of the
large farm and ranch units of today
that have grown big because of our
rapid strides in farm mechanization
and in agricultural science have never
had to weather an economic storm"
1t remains to be proven whether such
units with high production, high fixed
costs and high investment, have
higher survival value than the smaller
and less commercial units ,,thnn onn-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-12-05

conscious of their professional
responsibilities in providing legal
counsel for ALL" he commented
He said that while lawyers right
'ly should be awarded for theiI
services when clients are able to
pay, the survey indicates that
legal services do not stop where
the clients cannot pay fees.
Mr.. Raysor said many of the
responses detailed cases handled
and demonstrated that excel
lent legal work is performed in
this freely given practice"
Many Have Been Aided
He added:
Through the efforts of these
lawyers, many persons have won
the freedom to which they were
entitled as legally innocent de-
PENDANTS in criminal cases. Many
others have had their rights sue
Icessfully asserted in civil mat
tiers; broken homes have been
restored by patient counsel; vic
TINS of misrepresentation anC
E'overselling' in purchases have