davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
TEACHERS UNITE
TO HELP SELVES

RESEMBLES UNIoN--Montgomery
Countys teochers hove full time
executive secretary and mony other
features of on aggressive trode union.
Their organization is unique among
such groups in the Eost Stor Re-
porter Chorles L. Hoffman onoIyzes
it on Page b..
WOMEN DERAIL MEN-More ond
more women ore ticking over clerical
ond personnel jobs from male rail-
rooders. So for, there ore no female
Casey Jonses, but mony lines employ
women to route freight as we'll os
passengers. Stoff Reporter Ann
Moffett gives news Of women rail-
rooders on Page BIS.
WHAT'S SAUCE FOR THE GOOSE
Despite everything Will Stoekdole
tries to do TO help his sergeant il
always comes cut wrong in the end.
Reed the lotest instoIIment OF mo
Time for serseonts." by Mac Hymon,
on The Stor's Feature Pose. Bit.
LENTEN THoU6HT-Jesus' travels
ore the foyorite Bible stories of
Clifton {. Mack, commissioner, Fed
erol Supply Service, General Services
Administration. Mr.. Moek's choice
is one Of O regular series Of Ienten
reflections presented by The Stor.
See Poee B-l.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

nine years: in reading achieve
ment, from pre-primer to fourth
grade; in attitude, from eager
Ito shy and unresponsive. She
herself seemed to have track Of
all 80, but she said the only
time she has for the slower ones
lis at recess or after school.
Every night when I get home
II realize I've left something out
and I plan to try to get to it
the next day, but I almost never
! do" she said.
At Truesdell Laboratory School,
where future teachers get their
training, a. teacher with a class
lof sixth-graders on four differ
Ient levels in both age and read
ing said she was having a hard
time even though the class en-
Irollment was comparatively
favorable %. But at another
school, where the smallest classes
are in the 40s, a siXth-grade
teacher said she considered her
Truesdell counterpart lucky.
Pupils and Times Change
Two or three generations age
only a fraction of American
children finished high school
Many never even entered it
What has become. at least ir
Continued on Page AS, Col. 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

|gally and constitutionally avail
able to resist it."
He was referring to the inter-
position resolution adopted at
the current General Assembly
session. The theory of inter-
position is that the Constitution
'of the United States cannot be
changed until amended and rat
flied by three-fourths of the
States. It holds, therefore, that
Ia Supreme Court decision like
the one on segregation has NO
effect until a constitutional
amendment has been ratified.
The Governor added: "The
amendment of Section al of the
State constitution is a proper
and legal step toward preserving
for Virginia and our people con-
troll over the education of our
children, pending determination
of the question (interposition) y
The Governor made it clear
however, that he expected the
convention to carry out its task
of amending the constitution
with dispatch. He said: Your
deliberations will write an his
toric cha.>Cer in the annals OF
these esentful days. I bid you
See CONVENTION, Page At
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
.Enqine House Custer
Order May Be Held Up

for the same purpose as the one
pending in the House District
Subcommittee.
The legislation is an amend
ment to the old Act of 1891
which in those days authorized
the District Commissioners tc
grant to the Veteran Volunteer
Firemen's Association the right
to use the old building. The bill
had been amended to give the
Oldest Inhabitants the right tt
occupy the property during the
pleasure of the Commissioners
of the District"
Provides Exclusive Rights"
The bill introduced by Repre-
sentative Thompson, Democrat
of New Jersey, would amend the
old law to give the Oldest In
habitants exclusive right" to
use the property as meeting
place and museum.
Furthermore, the Thompson
bill provides that mo officer OF
agency of the Federal Govern
ment or of the Government of
the District of Columbia shall
transfer or convey title to such
property or take any other &C
ton which would interfere with
or restrict such exclusive right,
so long as such association con-
tinued in existence and desires
to occupy and use such property
for such purposes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

Chairman Mcmillan of the
House District Committee today
promised the Association of Old
est Inhabitants he would ask the
District Commissioners to hold
up their order for the asSocia-
ton to vacate the old Union En-
CINE House until Congress can
take action on the problem.
Mr.. Mcmillan. Democrat Of
South Carolina, said that he as
sured Association President Her.
bert P. Leeman a hearing would
be held on legislation to block
the proposal.
Bill Before House Unit
The legislation, guaranteeing
the association permanent occu-
pancy of the old f1rehouse at
Nineteenth and H streets NV.
is pending before a House Dis
trict subcommittee. The Com
missioners' order to force the as
ISOLATION to yacate by March 81
followed efforts by the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund to take
over the property for its new
headquarters building.
Mr.. Leeman, after his confer
ence with Chairman Mcmillan
took his campaign to save the
old firehouse to the Senate side
of the Capitol.
He said he was hoping to get
an bill introduced in the Senate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Mercury Climbs
To 68 Degrees,
|Wurmest of Year

Washington had its warmest
day of the year today as a BEAM
ing sun pushed the thermometer
to 60 degrees by l pm.
The forecast called for low
of about SO degrees tonight. To-
morrow will be partly cloudy and
warm with possibility of scat
tered showers or thundershowers
in afternoon or evening.
The 68 degrees fell far short
of the 1880 record of 70 degrees
for March S.
Brush fires broke out all over
the area map yesterday and are
expected to plague fire depart
mentS again toay.
Area firemen answered 98
brush and trash fire alarms yes
terday. There were an estimated
LOO such fires Saturday.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

Councils of Alabama and the
North Alabama Citizens Council
are dedicated to maintaining
segregation. But there are wide
differences between the groups
over how far they should go to
attain the objective and a split
over membership eligibility in
volving the issue of anti-Sem-
itism.
Today, meanwhile. was the
deadline set by the Federal Dis
trict Court for readmission to
classes at the nearby University
of Alabama of Autherine j. Lucy,
26-year-old Negro who was driv-
en- from the campus a month
ago by mob action.
No Indication She'll Appear
There was no indication, how
ever, that Miss Lucy, last re-
ported in Washington, would
appear in Tuscaloosa. Shortly
after the court ordered the uni
versity to readmit Miss Lucy,
who had been suspended for
safety reasons, she was expelled
for disciplinary reasons by the
board of trustees. Basis for the
action was what was described
as Outrageous" and unsubstan-
tiated charges made by the CO.
ed that school officials has con-
spired in the mob move against
her
The legal status of Miss Lucy's
3h-year battle to study library
science at Alabama was unclear.
Neither the girls attorney. Ar
thur D. Shores, nor lawyers for
the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People,
who have been aiding her. have
said whether they would contest
the expulsion in court.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Passing Fods Are Here
To Stay, Expert Decides

hair, wooden jewelry. penciled
eyebrows, tortoise shell rims for
glasses, peg top trousers for
women and spare tire racks out
side the trunk.
"Fads are the expressions of
persons seeking ways of becom-
ing individualistic," DR.. Bogardus
says. He says that explains the
external spare tire. Because
most people carry their spare in
the trunk, the individualist wants
it placed outside in a special
rack"
Fads that fade fastest are
slang expressions. Examples
from yesteryear: SOS your old
man." "ain't we got fun" was
you dere, Charlie?" Current ex-
amples: You can't hardly get
them no more" "it's the most to
say the least"
Which fads have had sufficient
utility to last? Wrist watches,
dating from 1915: garterless
socks for men, 1924; Ginning
doorbells, 1881, to name a few.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

LOS ANGELES, Mar. 5 (R.-
If you smoke filtered cigarettes
drive a two-tone car or are mad
about hi-fi, you qualify as a
faddist.
And a faddist, says a man
who's made long study of EN-,
is one who seeks to attract at
tention of others and attain
status"
DR.. Emory S. Bogardus, dean
emeritus of the University OF
Southern CALIFORNIA; Graduate
School and specialist in soci-
ology, has been making surveys
of fads in university classes for
AZ years. Some of his gleanings:
About 80 per cent of all fads
last less than one year. Those
that remain have proved their
utility. AS fast as fads fade
new ones flower.
Today people are experiencing
a revival of some of the fads OF
80 or 40 years ago.
DR.. Bogardus today cited some
OF the reborn RACES as bobbs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Stocks Rise Again,
Climbing ST to S.

NEW YORK, Mar. 5 (R.-
The stock market surged ahead
further today, having penetrated
its previous high on Friday.
Gains ranging from 81 to
around SIS a share were scored
by leading issues in active trad
ing.
The Associated Press 60-stock
average at noon gained $1.20 at
$182.80, with the industrials up
$1.30, the rails $2.10 and the
utilities 10 cents.
On Friday, the APP average
edged past the previous all-time
high of $181.50, first reached
September %, the day before
President Eisenhower's heart at
tack.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Cal Hits Mt. Full;
z Pilots Unhurt

TOKYO, Mar. S (R.-A United
States Air Force CAT cargo
plane crashed into the side of
famed Mount Full today-and
its two pilots walked away unin-
jured.
The plane plowed into snow
20 feet deep at the 1l,000-foot
altitude. The heavy snow ap-
parently cushioned the crash.
There were no other crew or
passenger personnel aboard. The
Air Force said the two pilots
were Maj. John Allen Fowle of
Lake Worth, Fla, and Capt. Earl
Preston Kelley of Clear Spring,
Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Neff Confirms
Campaign Offer
Tells of Bid to Aid
Senator HickenIooper
BY ]. A. O'LEARY

John M. Neff, lawyer for the
Superior Oil Co. of California,
admitted today he offered a cam
Ipaign contribution for Senator
Hickenlooper, Republic a n of
Iowa, if the Senator was favor
able to the natural gas bill.
In earlier testimony, Mr.. Neff
denied having made any such
offer to Robert K. Goodwin, Re
publican National Committee
man for Iowa, and he repeated
that denial today.
But he told the committee he
made such an offer to Wendell
T. Edison, an attorney of Storm
Lake, Iowa.
Mr.. Neff made the admission
after Mr.. Edison, a last-lninute
witness, testified that Mr.. Neff
told him his clients were SUI
If1ciently interested that they
would contribute $4,000 to Sem
ator Hickenlooper or to any
Republican committee in Iowa
If the Senator were to vote for
the gas bill.
Doesn't Recall Amount
Mr.. Neff said he does not
recall an amount being men
toned, but added, "$2,500 seems
to stick out everywhere"
When Committee Counsel
Charles w. Steadman asked him
if it could have been $4,000, Mr..
Neff agreed that was possible,
There is no evidence that any
contribution actually was made
in Iowa.
Meanwhile, Chairman George
of the special committee investi-
eating the activities of Mr.. Neff
told reporters his group would
not concern itself with the state
ment of Senator Goldwater, Re-
publican of Arizona, on tele-
vision program yesterday that q
member of the family that con-
trolls the Superior Oil Co. con-
tributed $3.50 to his campaign
about three years ago.
Senator George said his COM
mittee plans no further hear.
ings and will begin preparing q
report to the Senate.
The George Committee was
set up to investigate the revela-
ton by Senator Case, Republi-
can of South Dakota, during de-
bate on the gas bill early ir
February that Mr.. Neff had left
a $4,000 campaign contribution
with a friend of the Senator in
South Dakota. Senator Case re-
Ijected the money.
Testimony brought out that
See LOBBY, Page At
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

Responsible citizens of the area
have warned that popular feeling
in Tuscaloosa is so intense that
Miss Lucy might be killed if she
attempted to resume her studies
The trial in Tuscaloosa S
Recorders Court of three young
construction workmen, arrested
for disorderly conduct the day
Miss Lucy was driven from the
campus, was postponed to a
later and undetermined date.
Trial of the three, each of whom
has filed a ST million damage
suit against Miss Lucy and the
NAACP, had been set for today
before Judge Joe G. Burns.
AS for the division in the ranks
Continued on Page AS, Col. l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

G Constitutional Convention meet
ing here to revise Virginia's con-
stitution to avoid forced inte-
grafton in public schools.
The convention is bound by
referendum to change the State
constitution so children may re-
ceive tuition grants to attend
private, non sectarian schools
instead Of integrated public
schools. The use of public funds
for this purpose is not permitted
under the constitution as it now
is written.
Convention Opens in Old Hall
The Governors speech was
delivered shortly after the open
ing of the convention in the Old
Hall of the House of Delegates
1.-THE problems created by the
decision Of the Supreme Court OF
the United States are of enor-
nous proportions and are of con-
Germ to every citizen" said the
Governor. 1.-THE General As
sembly has expressed the view
that the decision created an
unwarranted and illegal en-
croachment upon the sovereign,
powers of the States and has
pledged itself to take all appro-
pirate measures honorably, le-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
BULLE TIN
Segregation Banned
On University Level

The Supreme Court today
upheld a decision that the ban
on racial segregation in pub
lie schools applies also to tax
supported colleges and univer-
stiles. Three Negro students
were admitted to the under
graduate school of the Uni
versity of North Carolina last
fall after lower court decisions,
pending the appeal decided to-
day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

which have seen better days but
which now seem to have more
children in them than ever
before.
The classroom reflected this
The children, sixth-graders, had
their desks scraping against one
another. Pupils going to and
from the blackboard had to step
gingerly.
When the teacher could relin-
quish a moment she was asked
how she felt education in her
room was getting along.
1.-THE children are getting
short-chaneed," she said. 81
don't have time for all of them. 4
If Washington teachers wanted
Ia theme song, this comment
could be the refrain.
Washington public school
teachers are discouraged about
the job they are having to do
They are even more discouraged
about the job being left undone
At the Francis Scott Key Ele.
Imentary School in the Northwest
the writer recently talked with
the teacher of a 39-pupil com.
bined second and third grade
The room had two sizes of desk!
and three or four ages of chill
dren, and the blackboard had two
spelling lessons on it, one il
Isecond-grade printing. the othel
in third-grade script.
I'm trying to cover everything
I'm expected to teach" said tn,
teacher, Mrs. Vivian Scull. be-
tween instructions to the twt
halves of her class. but I fee
frustrated. It's like a three-rinl
circus"
In a nearby big doubled-ul
third-fourth grade. Mrs. Agne
Kirby, a 27-year teaching vete
ran, said:
"You just don't have time t,
stop and help child who need
help"
At Petworth School. Mrs
Barbara Hardy, teacher of a first
second grade. said she had thre'
reading groups in the class "bu
I should have four or maybe 38.
She regretted she didn't havI
more time to work with tn,
slower children.
At Draper School in the South,
east, where class sizes range vi
to Al pupils, Miss Grace Bush
principal, said:
II think our curriculum /!
ideal. I only wish we could carry
it out"
Dumping Ever-Present
Why do the city's teachers fee
their classes are too big?
The answer of many doesn'
have to be spoken. All you hav'
to do is look into the room. A
Mrs. Scull put it. "Everybod,
bumps"
Mrs. Scull described some O
the sometimes-subtle but, to her
significant differences among he.
80 pupils-in age, from six II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Struck Transit Lines
Seized by Maryland
State Agency
Gets Power to
Run Utility

BALTIMORE, MAI. VI -
The State of Maryland today
seized the strike-bound Baltl-
more Transit Co.
Gov. McKeldin announced the
action after a 15-minute con-
ference with officials of the Bal
timore Transit Co. and Division
1900 of the AFL-CIO union rep
resenting its 1000 employees.
In a notice of seizure to the
company and the union the Gov
ernor said:
"You are hereby notified that
by proclamation of the State
under the provisions of chapter
Al of the laws of Maryland OF
1855 I have seized all the plant.
facility and property, including
funds, of the Baltimore Transit
Co. on behalf of the State OF
Maryland. The Department OF
Labor and Industry of Maryland
has been designated by me as
the agency of the State, through
which power and authority con-
ferred upon me by law to operate
the seized utility, is to be exer-
cised.
IT have appointed Mr.. Joseph
Allen as emergency utility adj
ministrator to act under the
aforesaid chapter Al of the laws
Iof Maryland of 1856 and the
rules and regulations promul-
gated by me under authority Of
said law"
Refers to Rules
The Governor then referred to
an 11-page copy of the rules
and regulations under which the
return to work of the striking
streetcar and bus operators
would be governed.
THE Baltimore Transit Co.."
the Governor said in the seizure
notice, lis hereby notified to
deliver to the emergency utility
administrator all of its plant.
facility or property, including
funds. for operation by the
State.
Division 1900, Amalgamated
Association of Street Electric
Railway and Motor Coach EN-
iployes of America (AFL-CIO) is
hereby notified that all employees
Of the Baltimore Transit Co. are
now employees of the State Of
Maryland for the purpose of
operating the common carrier
service heretofore operated by
the Baltimore Transit Co."
The strike began last Janu-
airy 80.
Mr.. Allen, chairman of the
State Tax Commission and for
mer peoples counsel for the Pub
lie Service Commission, imme-
diately called a meeting with
company and union officials to
set up the details of getting
buses and streetcars back into
operation.
Meeting Scheduled
The meeting was scheduled
for the company's offices. Frank
P. Baummer. president of the
union local, estimated it would
take about 48 hours to resume
service. He said the first step
would be to call back mainte-
nance crews to service the equip
Iment and prepare it for opera
ton.
Bernard Cushman. union
counsel, said he will reserve the
right to challenge the consti-
tutionality" of the seizure law,
Joseph Sherbow, company ne
Igotiator, refused to comment on
whether he might also take this
step.
The job of drawing up the
See SEIZURE, Page Alb
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Britain Recalls
Club Aides
In Retaliation
Eden Acts Amid
Demand for Horder
Attitude on Arabs

LONDON, Mar. S (R.-Britain
recalled the remaining senior
British officers in Jordan'S Arab
Legion today in retaliation for
King Hussein's curt dismissal of
1t. Gen. John Bagot Club, the
Legion founder and commander
Prime Minister Eden made the
announcement in tense session
of the House of Commons,
against mounting demands for
q hardening of the British atti-
tude toward the Arabs.
Official British thinking has
shifted over for the first time
to the view that the greatest
danger of war in the Middle
East lies in possible Arab ag-
gression, a responsible informant
said.
In the past the Foreign Office
view has been that the danger
of a Middle Eastern war came
from Israel. But now, an authori-
tative source said, the Foreign
Office feels that Gen. Glubb's
departure removes from the
strong Arab Legion the hand
which kept it above the Arab
Israeli quarrel. And now, with
the whole top echelon of British
commanders being pulled out,
the thinking is that the legion
could become the tool Of Arab
politicians seeking to destroy
Israel.
May Sell Weapons
This could mean Britain will
begin to sell defensive weapons
to Israel. Up to now Britain
has taken the view that Israel
did not need defensive weapons
since there was no great danger
Of Arab attack so long as the
Arab Legion was bossed by
Britons.
King HusSein replaced Gen.
Club last Thursday as COM
mander of the British financed
Legion with the Arab general
who had served as Gen. Glubb's
deputy.
Sir Anthony voiced resent
ment" at the firing of the Brit
ish commander, who had built
the Arab Legion into one of the
finest fighting forces in the Mid
die East. His statement followed
an emergency cabinet meeting
with Gen. Sir Gerald Templer,
chief of the imperial general
staff. and Air Chief Marshal Sir
Dermot Boyle, chief of the air
staff.
Recalling Officers
Sir Anthony told the. House:
''In our opinion officers in ex-
ecutive commands cannot be
asked to continue in positions
of responsibility without author
ity. We have, therefore. asked
that such officers should be re-
lieved of their commands.
"Those on the active list of the
British Army-about Is in num-
ber-will be recalled. The future
of those on contract with the
Jordan government will be dis
cused with that government"
Sir Anthony described the dis
missal of Gen. Club as being
See MIDDLE EAST, Page Az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

The District Board Of Education hos
declared thot Washington public
schools urgently need more teachers.
This is the second Of o series Of
articles on whot o Stor staff reporter
found in the city's elossrooms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
CRISIS IN THE SCHOOLS-2
Pupils Short Changed
IsTeochers' Lament
BY JAMES G. DEANE

There cassrooms in WashngtonS public schools where
visiting parent might wonder how any learning is
accomplished
other day this walked into the second
large Northwest elementary school, The school in
neighborhood of apartments and houses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Stanley Talk Opens
Gray Convention
Delegates Hear Governor
Voice Hope on lnterposhion
By MARY LOU WERNER
Star star correspondent

RICHMOND Mar. 5-Gov Stanley of Virginia today held
out hope that neposon eventually be successful in
setting the Supreme Court school segregation decision But
called proposed amendment Vrginas constitution
proper legal step" in the meantime to preserve the
States customary school segregation.
The Governor addressed opening of the State
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
How to Bor Integrotion
Divides Alabama Citizens
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON
Star staff Correspondent

BIRMINGHAM Ala, Mar 5A sharp conflict disclosed
today among segegaont groups this Deep South center
of racial strife Differences policies and methods for
separation of races are involved
Divided into two camps Alabama's mushrooming
white Citizens Councils the Association of Citizens
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05
Guide for Readers

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-05

Continued on Page AS, Col.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-22
Long And Fancy

Spring gloves from France combine color
with interesting and delicate detail