davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-04

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-04

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questions and answers that win teach your child
dozens of useful facts Just mail the coupon for your
child's copy. There is no obligation, of course.
CHRISTMAS BONUS IF YOU ACT NOW
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-04
for Christmas and a lifetime !.

The shiny red bike, the varsity football the hatbox
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markabe BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-04
cURIosITY-THE GREAT TEACHER

Wonderful things happen when THE BOOK OF
KNOWLEDGE comes into the home. Spurred on by
curiosity the child spends hours with his newfound
treasure He learns to find his own answers to every
question: from art to atoms. learns to know great
minds and be at ease with great ideas. discovers
how to make and do things for himself and learns,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
Four Ministers Describe Pressures
On Indignation Petition Signers

there is available report COW
ering three counties in middle
South Carolina - Orangeburg,
Clarendon and Sumter-made
by four ministers Of Negro
churches. two Methodist. one
Episcopalian, and one Baptist,
and submitted to the National
Council of Churches of Christ.
They set forth the needs of the
Negroes. The report says in
part:
Among the original groups
of school indignation petition
signers were some persons who
operate sma all businesses:
cafes, com munity grocery
stores, filling stations, and the
like. These are the ones who
had their wholesale supplies
cut off. They could get nothing
to sell. The white citizens coun-
ellis threatened to cut off all
white patronage from dealers
who wanted to continue doing
business with Negroes who had
signed school petitions.
Thus the livelihood of these
small retailers was effectively
cut off. Others who had signed
the petitions were fired from
the Jobs which they had held
for years. In order that their
patronage might be restored, it
was agreed that the names OF
these particular petitioners be
removed from the petition.
Though many Of them wanted
to stand pat and suffer the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

Sometimes it is helpful to
have a flrst-hand report from
trustworthy persons about
how our democracy is faring.
Just now a trouble spot
where it is threatened is the
South. There, as we know, a
conflict has developed over
public school indignation, be-
tween groups on both sides,
that has been intensified by
haste and emotion. On the
one hand there are Negroes
who are anxious to see an
early end to segregation; on
the other, there are are whites
who are trying to prevent any
indignation at all, even a start.
These groups are headed up
respectively, in the National
Association for Advancement
Of Colored People. NAACP, and
the white Citizens Councils"
which sprang up in many parts
of the South.
In any such conflict, the
weaker party always suffers.
So We find that Negroes who
signed petitions urging integra-
ton or who belong to NAACP
have become victims of all
sorts of economic harassments
TO deprive them of the ability
to earn a living which, of itself,
would seem to be a violation
in spirit Of our constitutional
guarantees Of the right of petit
ton and Of peaceful assembly.
For a case study of what
some Negroes are enduring,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
THOMAS L. STOKES
Report on Negroes Plight in South

consequences, we deemed 1t
better to relieve them of the
pressure. because there were
many of us who were more able
to withstand the pressure.
There are many who have
not been able to find employ
ment commensurate with the
Jobs they lost. Others have
had mortgages foreclosed. All
OF us have had our credit cut
of completely. The pressure
of the citizens councils now
extends to all who are
known to be connected with
NAACP. ;"
In their report, the four
ministers suggested to the Ma
tional Council Of Churches
how credit needs for the Ne
groes-there are 200 families
that need such credit-could
be met by setting up funds in
banks through cooperation OF
individuals, clubs, churches
and other organizations which
would be repaid at the end
of the crop year when the har-
vest is in.
1t might help. too, If we had
a rugged character around
like old John Quincy Adams
who, when he became a mem
Der of the House of Represent
atives after leaving the White
House. submitted day after day
petitions to the House asking
an end to slavery. For years
they we're not received be-
cause Of objections by South
erners. But finally his per-
sistence won and they were ac-
cnOtpd
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
The Senate Loses a Statesman

AS for the situation in the
Senate. the retirement Of Sem
ator George is a distinct loss
to the Eisenhower administra-
ton. Always objective and
broad-gauged in his approach
to foreign-policy questions,
George played an influential
part in shaping the admins
tration's course. When, how
ever, he becomes an adviser
and sits in the executive
branch of the Government. he
will not have the same influ-
ence in the Senate as he has
today.
But even if the President
should be reelected and get a
Republican majority in the
Senate, he would need the help
of a man like Senator George
in dealing with members of
both parties on Capitol Hill on
matters of foreign policy. 1t
would have been far better
for the Eisenhower program in
international affairs if Sen
ator George could have been
reelected and remained in the
Senate. But, recognizing all the
factors, the President - who
was appriSed of the situation
several weeks ago-Stood ready
to take advantage of the fact
that Senator Georges services
would be available to the ad-
ministration in a few months.
There is on every side ad-
miration for Walter George as
a statesman. At heart, he has
been a conservative. His chair
manship of the Senate Finance
Committee helped to steer the
Nation through the shoals of
New Dealism, though he in
CURED the political enmity of
F. D. R. because of it. Occa-
sionally Senator George veered
from conservatism in order to
help his own party on domestic
policies. On international ques-
tons, however, he never let
partisanship warp his judg-
ment-a rarity in public life
nowadays.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
DORIS FLEEsON
George Steps Out at His Peak

naturally led him to espouse.
His present great reputation
rests chiefly on the broader
leadership, notably in foreign
affairs, he undertook following
the loss of a much-loved son,
a bomber pilot who never got
home from a World War II
strike.
George finally decided to
quit the Finance Committee
Craftsmanship. Senate arbiter
on pocketbook issues including
taxes, to become chairman of
Foreign Relations. He left FL
nance in equally conservative
hands. maybe more so-those
OF Senator Byrd of Virginia.
At that time. he said, he
felt he should devote his re-
naming years to doing what
he could to save the peace of
the world. He has been doing
exactly that on the highest
level of craftsmanship.
His friends bitterly feel that
he suffered at home for it and
not just by reason of the
demagogic appeals Talmadge
was able to make to the ma
tionalist spirit that is always
latent in United States politics
and which served Senator Nc
Carthy so well for a time.
When George was no longer
Finance chairman, even though
he remained on the commit
tee. his friends suggest he had
lost much of his usefulness to
the interests he so long pro-
tected.
Basically Georges problem
was that he and his rival-so
unlike in persoriality-drew
support from the same inter-
ests. When those interests
had to choose, the bulk of
them headed for the camp of
the man with his future ahead
OF him whose years exceed by
only six the length of the
George tenure in the Senate.
George is 78 and has been a
Senator "a years. Talmadge is
AZ.
But the George ending has
its own majesty. He leaves the
Senate at a peak in his in
f1uence. in his contribution and
in his friendship with Sena-
tors of both parties, all ages
and all shades of opinion. Like
the valedictory of his old as
sociate, Barley, who died only
few days ago, it is a splendid
farewell from its dean to the
United States Senate.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
POTOMAC FEVER
KNEBEL

Ike ahead of Kefauver in Indiana. Republicans
Ike is the ideal par-me candidate Part of the time he beats
Kefauver-and part of the time Stevenson.
Senator George Of Georgia. dean OF the Senate says he
again. felt he had his second wind but it
turned be Talmadge hot breath his neck
Ike asks retiring Senator George to join his team Ike
could good Democratic buffer between Dulles and the
Middle East-and between and the Middle West.
Former Price-Contro Disable wins Ohos Dem
ocratc nomination for Governor Disable quite qupser
In fact he's known the poor mans Adla Stevenson
Kefauver Harry Truman will be influential at the
Democratic convention Only thing would help Democrat
than having Truman in his during the convention
having Truman in Ikes during the campaign
Gov. Frank Lausche of Ohio loses presidential
delegates his home State Democrats afraid Lausche
doesn't to the presidency He's only weekend
golfer.
Leroy Collins wins second term Floridas Governor
Collins has his farm problem many retired
farmers Florida the State is liable to sink.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10

Soviet diplomats in Wash
ington are no longer hermits.
They now can be seen at cock
tail and dinner parties exuding
good will, friendship and So
cial co-existence. They no
longer 'travel in pairs" as in
"pre-smiles" days when they
were never seen unescorted by
a colleague" who was usually
an MVD man. They no longer
bestow a curt how-do-you-do
when introduced to strangers,
but exchange social amenities
with the grace of oldtime
Czarist diplomats.
But minor Soviet and satel-
lite diplomats and agents also
go Stunning" They can be
seen-less obtrusively than at
diplomatic gatherings-in po-
lice courts where DRINKS and
sexual deviateS are being
hailed by police officers. They
figure whether any of these
could be of possible use to the
active Soviet intelligence serv-
ices. If an individual appears
a good prospect he is dis
creetly approached and in a
number of instances proves a
valuable tool of the ever-grow-
ing Communist intelligence
apparatus, not so much for the
purpose of gathering secret in
formation but as a contact
with persons.
1t is apparently through
some such people that the
Soviet and satellite embassies,
consulateS and United Nations
delegations are finding out
where a number of refugees
live. These are then approached
and urged by Red officials to
return home. When they won't
listen to reason, that they will
be better off in the homeland
than live as uprooted refugees
in America, other methods are
employed. Several months ago
a number of Polish sailors and
more recently Russian sailors
who had sought and obtained
asylum and protection in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Agents Reported Seen in Police Courts
Seeking Prospects for Espionage

United States were kidnapped
and forcefully returned to their
homeland.
The Senate Internal Secu-
rity Subcommittee took notice
Of these Soviet activities on
American soil. 1t obtained def
mite evidence under oath that
the Red agents attempted to
induce them to return by tricks
such as faxed letters from their
mothers and sweethearts and
the promise of a splendid life
in the Soviet Union. When
these arguments fell on deaf
ears. strong arm methods were
applied. Five punch-drunk
sailors appeared at the Idle
wild airport surrounded by l9
goonS, were quickly cleared by
immigration officials, and sped
to a waiting plane to be taken
back to Sovietland. 1t was
somewhat strange that the
usually keen and alert immi-
grafton officials had not de-
tected anything unusual in the
circumstances of these depart
ing aliens. 1t was without prec-
edent that five young and
insignificant Russian seamen
should have such a guard of
honor headed by a Soviet top
official in the U. N. Moreover,
1t must have appeared still
more strange that when asked
whether they were leaving on
their own free will. they were
ordered by that official not to
answer.
The story of what happened
is now being pieced together.
1t appears the State Depart
ment- is responsible for the
success of the Soviet kidnap-
ers, apparently because it was
taken by surprise and did not
have sufficient time to digest"
the implications of the case.
The Soviet sailors left the
country on April 7. A day
earlier the State Department
had been alerted by a Gov
eminent agency in New York
concerning what was going to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
Soviets' Stunning Operation

happen and of the role played
by the Soviet ambassador at
the U. N. A hurried conference
took place among States top
advisers. The international re-
percussionS of an intervention
to prevent this diplomatic
hooliganisn we're discussed.
1t was decided that it might
be unwise to make a cause
celebre" out of this, par
ticularly when it was highly
probable that nobody in this
country would know or care
about what happened to the
sailors. Word was sent to the
immigration authorities that
unless they could prove that
criminal duress" had been
applied against these Soviet
refugees, they should clear
them for departure without
further ado.
How the immigration off,
GERS at Idlewild could prove
criminal duress" is hard to
say. 1t was long after the
departure" of these political
refugees that the bloody shirt
of one of them was discovered
by investigators on the Inter-
nal Security Subcommittee and
brought to light at public hear
ings. So was the fact that
there had been a struggle in
the rooms the sailors occupied
before they were forced into a
limousine bearing the diplo-
matte tags of the United
Nations.
In the hurried conference
held at the State Department
on April 6, the propaganda
angle rather than international
behavior was emphasized. 1t
was argued that it would be
helpful for the world to know
how easy it is to leave America
in contrast with Russia and
other Communist countries
where months of irksome for
malities are necessary to OBJ
tain an exit permit.
The implication that no
Communist political refugee
who is granted asylum in the
country is adequately pro-
tected against Red kidnapers
was played down. however.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
Administration Also Losing Strong Hand
On Foreign Policy Legislation

few days ago that he wouldn't
make the race. Incidentally,
the volunteer workers in his
headquarters in Atlanta are
reported by the United Press
to have been caught flatfooted
by the developments in Wash
ington and had already mailed
out 10000 pamphlets and a.
900 letters relating to his
prospective campaign. So it
was apparent they were. not
notified of Georges decision
till the last moment.
1t is understood the death
Of Senator Barley last week,
due in part to the strain of
public speaking, had much to
do with the final decision by
Senator George to avoid an
other campaign. The White
House knew. of course, that
he was considering the move
and planned its action accord
ingly. For it was deemed an
excellent opportunity to get
the benefit of Senator Georges
services and to accentuate the
bipartisan aspects of foreign
policy. Apart from this, there
is a strong bond of friendship
between the President and
Senator George.
Politically. the action of
Senator George does not nee
essarily mean Georgia will be
without a contest this fall.
The De ocratic primary,
which is equivalent to an cleo
ton. will bring out opposition
to former Gov. Talmadge, who
already has announced his
candidacy. It is believed some
of the nti-Talmadge groups
have felt they would have a
better chance against the for
mer Governor if they had a
younger and more enthusi-
astic champion of their cause
than Senator George to rep
resent them in the primary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
His Senate Influence at Its Greatest,
He Sidesteps ToImodge Bondwogon

tai has changed the minds of
other ambitious men and in
Talmadge'S known ambition
lies the possibility of temper
ing his present views.
Democrats politically lose
and gain. They lose wise coun-
sci. vast experience and a
friend they found it possible
to love for his personal quail
tiles.
They gain in that they have
unquestionably restricted the
fights they might have made
or the policies they might have
pushed in order not to put
George on the spot in his hard
contest against Talmadge. 1t
was tacitly understood by the
Senate majority that George
was not to be embarrassed if
it was possible to avoid it.
Majority Leader johnson usu-
ally figured it was possible,
though Senate liberals fretted
and fumed.
With no personal venom
toward George at all. it was
being said that the George
contest with Talmadge was the
soft underbelly of the Demo-
cratic campaign this year to
recapture the presidency.
One example: Southerners
were urged to sign the con-
gressional manifesto against
desegregation on the ground
that they must help Walter"
This manifesto is endanger-
ing the party nationally and
all Democratic candidates in
the pivotal States where the
Negro vote is important. Re-
publicans cite it as one of the
reasons they are confident
Negroes are breaking to them
from the party of Franklin
Roosevelt and Harry Truman.
Negro idols.
The changes that may now
appear in Democratic tactics
and the shape of a Talmarge
Senator are for the future to
show. Washington, which can
be both cruel and sentimental
"a not unusual combination
in peoples thinking chiefly
of the man it has known SO
long.
In his vigorous middle years
the senior Senator from Geor-
gia served the business in
terests his arch-conservatism
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
DAVID LAWRENCE

For many weeks the idea
of a withdrawal by Senator
George, Democrat of Georgia,
from his prospective race for
reelection has been quietly
discussed here.
This correspondent learned
about it in confidence about
ten days ago from a prominent
Georgia businessman who
happens to be a close friend
of both Senator George and
former Gov. Herman Tai
madge.
I'VE who are friends of both
men," he said. feel that it
would be wiser for Senator
George to withdraw, not only
because the strain of the cam
paign would be great for a
man of his advanced age but
because we feel that a contest
should, if possible. be avoided"
When asked at the time
what the Senator's plans
might be, the answer given
was that these same friends
hoped President Eisenhower
would find an opportunity to
use the Senator's services,
since it would be an excellent
way to emphasize bipartisan
cooperation on foreign policy.
1t is to be noted that, when
news of the withdrawal of
Senator Geroge became known
yesterday through a copy
righted article in the Augusta
(Ga.) Chronicle and was later
confirmed the same day by the
Senator himself in Washing
ton, there was ready at once
a letter from the President
offering to the Georgian a
post of great importance in
international affairs.
There was nothing prear-
ranged about it in the sense
that this action was designed
to influence the Senator's de-
cision. Actually the Senator
didn't make up his mind till a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-10
DORIS FLEESON

Senator Walter F. George
decided to retire from his be-
loved Senate only after his own
die-hard supporters had told
him that a bandwagon swing
to Herman Talmadge was in
the making.
The patriarchal Georgian
had received private asSur-
ances as long as six months
ago that President Eisenhower
would appoint him to a dip
lomatic post commensurate
with his prestige. The interme-
diary was the Presidents golf
ing companion at Augusta,
Ga. Robert w. woodruff,
chairman of Coca Cola.
But George and a small but
loyal band of old friends could
not believe that the former
Governor. son of the gallus-
swapping Ole Gene, was a real
threat. The Senator's feelings
were hurt when men whose in
terest he had long protected
came to him with their warm
ings.
On recent trips home, how
ever. he began to discover the
penalties Of longevity beyond
threescore and ten. He had
never had a personal organiza-
ton and many of the old
friends on whom he had de-
pended we're dead.
1t was decided that men of
unquestioned personal loyalty
to George would take private
soundings in 100 Georgia coun-
ties. Tuesday the polltakers
consolidated their findings.
The net: Talmadge could not
be headed off. The Senator
capltulated.
Talmadge is both an accom-
plished demagogue and a man
of what his critics call danger
Gus ability. He can be charm
Ing, and he is much more
talented than his flamboyant
father who was by no means
a mediocrity and who in fact
was acting most of the time.
Washington must face it
too, that in the seat of the sin
cere internationalist Foreign
Relations chairman will sit a
Senator who has campaigned
against foreign aid, for the
Bricker amendment and in
general takes a strictly nation
list position. This great Capt.
, 1956-09-06
CALL BIDS

Sealed Bids j nseptuple viii
be received at the Dept. Of
Insular Affairs, Division Of
Procurement g Supply, Chris
tiansted Virgin Islands, until
am. September IA 1856,
and then publicly opened for
AND H
COMMODITIES.
Copies Of Invitation to bid
may be obtained from the
Dept. Of Insular Affairs, Divi-
sion Of Procurement & Supply
Christiansted, Virgin Islands,
upon request.
Alphonso RomneY
Pro. & Property Officer
& vaZN
, 1956-09-06
CALL FOR BIDS

Sealed bids in sextuple will
be received at the Dept. of
Insular Affairs, Division Of
Procurement & Supply, Chris
tiansted, Virgin Islands, until
am. September Is, 1856,
an dthen publicly opened for
A KHAKI
TROUSERS, KHAKI CAPS,
FLAGSTAFF ROPE, MEMS
r GLOVES, RUBBER
BOOTS, ~DISINFEcTANT,
GRE SOLVENT, v
ALLS N GALVANIZED
PALS.
Copies Of Invitation to bid
may be- obtained from the
Dept. Of Insular Affairs, Divi-
sion of Procurement & Sup
ply, Christiansted, Virgin Is
lands, upon request.
Alphonso RomneY
Pro. & Property Officer