davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01
Austria Attacks Problems Left by Russians

government is taking up the econo-
mic problems incident to the Rus
sian evacuation. The Russian Zone
included important oilields and
Woodworking factories. All firms
in that zone, which in the Russian
view had had German ownership,
however, small percentage wise,
were administered by the Russians.
Americans are especially inter-
eSted in what now becomes of their
interests in Austrian oil properties
which. by treaty terms. may not be
returned to German hands. While
their return to private ownership of
any other nationality is rather I'M
certain, 1t is fully expected that Just
compensation will be received by
American and British shareholders.
Dotes Beck TO Anschluss
To understand the problem of in
dustrial rehabilitation of the for
mer USSR zone it is necessary to
recall bit of history. The en-
forced Anschluss of Austria with
Nazi Germany resulted in German
seizure of many private firms. All
such firms the Russians later took
under control. Now that the Rus
slams are gone the Austrian Gov
eminent must decide in each case
whether to return the property to
the former owners-provided they
can be founder to operate the en-
terprises as national property.
The Austrian Government is one
of coalition between the Aus
TRAN Peoples Party and the So
cialist Party of Austria. Other par
ties including the Communists are
Of negligible strength.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01

The Socialist Party. which is
strongly anti-Red as it was for
merly strongly anti-Nazi. favors
government operati ton of the oil in
dustry and. publicly at least, OF
many other industries. The Peoples
Party is more favorable to private
ownership. although under watch
full government control Decisions
as to the disposal of the Russian
evacuated enterprises would clear
the way for investment to modern
ize and rehabilitate plant and
equipment, something which can
not be completed so long as owner
ship remains undecided.
American Role Important
In the rehabilitation of Austria,
American aid has played and con-
tinues to play an important role.
Since 1858 We have operated only
the technical assistance program,
costing about 100000 a year plus
administration expenses. OF major
Importance to Austria, however, is
the annual release of counterpart
funds in schillings. put up by
Austria to match American dollar
assistance. From the schilling
counterpart funds the Austrian gov
eminent, with United States con-
sent made loans within Austria.
What has the United States ac-
complished with its aid to Austria?
Ambassador Llewellyn E. Thomp-
son comments: Between World
War l and World War II Austria
was not economically viable. AS
result Of our aid and its own hard
work Austria is now not only able
to stand on its own feet, but is do
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01
lenge being offered to us by Russia.
Not as Good as American

First Of all, let it be clearly said
that Russian physics is not yet as
good as American physics. We were
amazed at their work, not because
it is so wonderful in itself, but be-
cause it has improved so much so
fast We felt like DR.. Johnson,
when he heard a woman preach
and delivered his famous judy
ment. "A woman preaching is like
dog walking on its hind legs. 1t
is remarkable, not because it is
done well. but because it is done
at all i" Some of our group had
worked in Russian laboratories be-
fore the war. In those days almost
every piece of equipment more
complicated than screwdriver was
imported, mostly from Germany
Those gadgets which were made in
Russia were not expected to func-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01
BY HERBERT BRATTER

Vienna. it appears. is to be the
seat Of the latest United Nations
offspring. the International Atomic
Energy Agency. Thus the former
capital of the mighty Hapsburg
monarchy will take place along
side Washington. New York, Lon
don. Paris and Rome = the big
league-as a center Of worldwide
planning. negotiation and decisions
in a field of far-reaching impor-
lance.
Austria. where in 1814-15 the fate
Of post-Napoleonic Europe was de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01
By FRED THEROUX

Recent developments have thrown
long shadows over the far-hung
system of bases, both American and
British. which serve as the keystones
Of the Vests defense strategy.
Britain is facing nationalist custer
moves in Cyprus, Ceylon and Sing
apore. The United States must con-
tend with the demand in Iceland,
backed up by the election last Sum-
day. for the withdrawal of Ameri-
can forces from the major Keklavik
air base. Newly independent Mo-
rocco is reported asking a yearly
rental for the four major bases there
equal to the total cost of the in
stallations. Japan is pressing for
the return of Okinawa, major Pa
ciflc baStion of American air power.
And the Philippines hears demands
for reappraisal of terms granting
the United States rights to bases
there.
When the Senate last week voted
to increase Air Force funds by
nearly 81 billion over the PreSi-
dents request in order to step up
intercontinental bomber output, 1t
was doing more than playing
politics in an election year. The
stepped-up program for develop
ment of the Intercontinental Balls
tic Missile UCBMD also reflects the
changing strategic outlook. For it
is rapidly becoming apparent to the
West that reliance on many of
these overseas bases is far from
a certain bet. With the bases either
gone or indispensable, the entire
defense concept of the West
must of necessity be changed to
give more emphasis to long-range
weapons.
Retoliotory Power Stressed
There has been little secrecy the
past few years on the nature Of our
strategy for the defense of the free
world against the threat of Red
aggression. Our military and polit-
ical leaders have dwelt at length
on the certainty of retaliation as a
potent argument against any overt
acts by Russia.
Since the end of World War II,
and most particularly in the past
five or six years, We have poured
billions Of dollars and years Of time
into establishment OF overseas
bases from which medium-range
bomberS carrying atomic bombs
could, on minutes notice, stimuli
taneously reply in lethal kind to
any Soviet attack on us or on our
allies.
Including the bases built and
manned by the United States Stra-
tegic Air Command, there have been
a total of $50 bases, of which 80 are
new, built or modernized to stand
ards set forth by the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization. In all, the
West has over 200 manned air bases
in being.
And these bases have served a
purpose more important even than
that of mere retaliation. Their mere
existence has meant that Russia,
were her leaders so reckless as to
plan surprise attack on the West,
would have to knock out these
bases first. to forestall strikes at
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01

Dr. Dyson is offIioted with the Institute
Of Adyoneed Studies OF Princeton, N. J.
This ortiele. reprinted from the Bolti-
more Sun, wos written in response TO o
Sun editorial eoIIine for an explanation
Of the apparent porodox presented by
assertions thot freedom is essential TO
healthy scientific progress and reports
brought beck from Russio by American
scientists thot Soviet science is ourish-
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01
REPORT FROM THE SOUTH SUNDAY s9s AIT
Unions Face Race Dilemma
By BENZ PRICE

ATLANTA-Labor unions in the Deep South the
verge big trouble the segregation issue In fact in
sections of the region union leaders acknowledge that
organizing already to standSti The worker is
being confronted with hard choice Loyalty to the union
to the Southern way of life"
The combined AFICIO has taken adamant stand for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01

are meeting to fight indignation"
A steward of the local union,
James Marshall, angrily told Mr..
Davis THE time is coming when
the workers of the South will de-
eide whether we want your union
with desegregation or our own union
with segregation. When the show
down comes, we'll take segregation"
William ]. Simmons, State adj
ministrator for the Mississippi Citi-
zenS Councils and executive secre-
tary of the jackson Council. has
denied the movement is antilabor.
In fact, said Mr. Simmons. union
members are flocking to join coun-
ellis.
I'VE are prosegregation," he said,
land if Mississippi labor is pro-
segregation then We are in perfect
harmony"
The battle for allegiance between
the unions and the proSegregation
movements is not yet fully Joined.
but MI Gilman is reasonably sure
it is coming.
People will join the union" said
Mr.. Gilman, then just before
abor election Ito determine whether
the union will represent the work.
ers) circulars will be gotten out say
ing the union. contributed to the
NAACP. Then the councils try
to get union members to serve on
executive boards and try to sell
them on the idea that union money
is being spent for migration.
They (the proSegregation or
ganizerS) tell the white man that
the Negro is going to get his job,
Mr. Gilman continued, "ano then
they tell the Negro that the white
man is going to take his. 1t is get
ting so in some places the white
man won't talk to the Negro and the
Negro won't talk to the white man
though they are on the same job"
For Southern labor the No.
question is whether the prosegre-
CATION movement actually is tied
in with an antilabor movement and
whether it is co-ordinated.
Dispute Over FCG's Role
Labor'S Daily sponsored by the
International Typographical Union,
has charged that it was co-ordi-
mated through the FCG This Mr..
Barr denied strongly.
The New Orleans industrialist
said the FCG was established by a
group of Southern leaders meeting
in Jackson and that it was formally
launched at meeting with repre-
Sentatives from II Southern States
at Memphis last December. Among
those present was Senator James o.
Eastland. Democrat of Mississippi.
Mr.. Barr said the Fog sought no
members and operated entirely on
voluntary contributions from indi-
viduals and organizations. He in
sisted, however, in an interview that
I'VE have no organizational affilia-
tons"
The federation operates with q
100-man advisory committee, in
GLIDING Strom Thurmond. former
Governor and Senator from South
Carolina and 1913 candidate for
President on the Dixiecrat ticket;
Senator Eastland, Mr.. Simmons Of
the Mississippi Citizens Councils,
Representative John Bell Williams.
Democrat of Mississippi: former
Gov. William Tuck of Virginia. for
mer Gov, Herman Talmadge OF
Georgia, Gov, Marvin Griffin OF
Georgia State Representative Will
liam Ralnach of Louisiana. State
Senator Walter c. Givhan of Ala
bama and Judge Tom P. Brady Of
Mississippi
In Washington an AFL- Clio
spokesman was asked whether any
Of the members of the Fog adj
visory committee could be called
friendly to labor He replied, Hell,
no."
(The Associated Press
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-01

Mr.. Brutter, who speeioIi1ss in writing on
economic motterS, hos recently returned
from Austrio, where he witnessed the
Moy election.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11

carved and formed the Grand Can
Won. was shown to members of the
ST. Paul Women's Missionary So
ciety when they held their regular
monthly meeting Thursday after
noon in the church basement.
Mrs. Theodore Hollinger, India
Women'S Work Chairman, reported
on the work her department ac-
complishes and the offering of the
day was for India Missions.
The silver tea service, memorial
gift of Lizzie Fillinger, given by
her husband, Harvey, was used for
the first time at this meeting. Mrs.
Elmer Meter and Mrs. Alfred Gu
lau, cose friends of the deceased,
had the honor of pouring.
Hostesses for the day were: Mrs,
Elmer Meter, Mrs. Louis Often
burg, Mrs. Norman Offenburg, and
Mrs. Kenneth Owen.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ray Myers had as
Sunday guests their daughter and
her family, Mr.. and Mrs. Eugene
Kunze and daughters, Shelly and
Nancy 10 of Delaware.
Members of the st. Paul Junior
Choir under the direction of Rev.
George Reinke are tentatively
scheduled to appear on Grace
Luebke's Farmers Wife Program
over radio station WFRO on Sat
urday, June 9. Exact time and date
will be announced later.
The children will sing in their
local church this Mothers Day
Sunday
Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence Mokry,
owners of Ken's Cottage Restaurant
visited her brother Kenneth Jo-
hansen in Toledo Sunday Mr.. Jo-
hansen sails the Lakes and his boat
had just docked in Toledo.
Mrs. J. T. Kihlken was hostess
to members of the WimodouSis
Friday afternoon. Pinochle prizes
were awarded to Mrs. Florence Gu
lau, 1st; Mrs. Kihlken, End; Mrs
Will Sass, low; and Mrs. John
Schultz, travelling.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
LITTLE PORTAGE
MRS. c. w. BUNNING

Fred Petersen, Bay Twp Trustee
and Mrs. Fred Lenke are patients
in Magrudr hospital.
Mrs. Berniece Johnson and Fred
erick and Mrs. Nora Hick of Carey,
were Sunday guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. Robert E. Johnson.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. N. Paulsen were
host and hostess to the TO.B. last
Saturday evening. There was a
good attendance. And chicken sand
Wiches, for which the PaulSens are
famous, was a part of the lunch.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. O'neal and
family attended the Wedding of
her brother Joseph Diaber and
Geraldine Widman at st. Joseph
Church, Fremont last Saturday
morning. Little Marcia ONeal was
flower girl.
The following were weekend
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph
Curtis: Mr.. andn Mrs. Robert Kirk
nam OF Avon Lake and Mr.. and
Mrs. John Schribner and Mrs.
Grace Macy of Cleveland.
Mr.. and Mrs. C. Russell Burning
Helen Virginia and Karen of New
ark were Saturday guests of the
c. w. Bunnings. They also visited
their grandmother, Mrs. Mamie
Brunkhorst at Diamond View Nurs-
ing home near Fremont.
Congratulations to Mr.. and Mrs.
Albert Young who celebrated their
golden wedding anniversary last
week on Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rollie Bergman en-
tertained Farm Bureau Council No,
5 at their home on Friday evening
of last week. During the evening
a young man, Don Baurxes of New.
ark cad car trouble and was assist
ed by Council members to continue
on his way to Gem Beach, where
he was expected for the weekend.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11

bought the Art Saunders property
on Lorain Avenue, were on the Is
land over the weekend.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jake Market spent
few days in Detroit last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Sinram and
their children were at their sum-
mer home over the weekend.
DR.. and Mrs. Martin, who spent
the winter months in Newport
Richey, Fla. are now occupying
their home on Peach Point.
Mr.. and Mrs. Otto Dreger of
Columbia Station, who bought the
home formerly occupied by Mrs.
Sutton, are busily engaged in re-
modelling their new property.
Confirmed at st. Pauls Episco-
pal church Sunday were: William
Brennan, Constance Chapman, Mrs.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
PUT-N-BAY
By LOUISE sToIBER


Richard Vroman has been pro
NOTED to Second Mate and is now
sailing on the Howard M. Hanna,
Jr., owned by the Columbia Trans
portation Co.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Wertenbach
are the proud parents of a baby
daughter born May A at Magruder
Hospital.
Mr.. James T. Lewis of Sylvania
has joined the staff Of the Crescent
Hotel for the 1856 season.
Ada Mae Schiele who spent the
winter in Los Altos, California, has
returned to the Island.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. A. Owens who
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11

Elizabeth Disrude, Lynn Disrude,
Steven Disrude, Dennis Dress, Mrs.
Mary Patricia Fox, Jean Lunt, and
Gary Seymour.
Past Grand Mobiles of Commo-
dore Perry Lodge, District 6, will
meet in the I.OO.F. Hall Saturday
night. A dinner at Cooper's is
planned with the meeting follow
ing.
Friends of the Rev. Perkins Roe,
former pastor at St. Paul's Episco-
pal church at Put-in-Bay, were
saddened to hear of his unexpected
death May 4 at his home in Piqua.
He left the Island about two years
ago.
A happy family is but an earlier
heaven
Sir TOhn RnWrir1 o
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
Farm Bureau Coop
Has Annual Meet

A record number of shareholders
and patrons of the Ottawa County
Farm Bureau Coop attended the
annua meeting and banquet at
Genoa High School on Tuesday
evening, April "a.
Carl Bensh was POSTMASTER. Rev
Wobus was the main speaker. Clar-
ence Bringe and Robert HusS were
elected to the board.
Manager George Orwfg reported
the Ottawa County Farm Bureau
Coop had the most successful year
this year that it has ever had.
Ottawa County news. (Port Clinton, Ohio) 1931-1956, 1956-05-11
DANBURY NEWS
DANBURY NEWS
New Owners At Plymouth
Shores Camp For Opening
By MRS. RICHARD WADSWORTH
News Staff Correspondent

Mr. and Mrs r. F. Wolf who last October purchased the
Plymouth Shore Girls Camp preparing the camp for
the 1st session which begins June 20 Mr. and Mrs d. H.
Peters, former owners will return from Florida to be on
hand to welcome back the girls and staff and help get
things rolling since this is Mr. and Mrs Wofs first
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-27
Bill Passed to Aid
Refugee Pilot
Ry the Associated Presa

Congress sent to President
Eisenhower today a bill designed
Eisenhower yesterday a bill de-
signed to help get a job for a
pilot who few a Czech airliner to
freedom.
The House passed the measure
by unanimous consent. It would
permit the Federal Communica-
lions Commission to waive a
citizenship requirement and issue
a radio operators license to
Miroslav Slovak. He needs this
permit before he can obtain a
commercial pilots license.
Mr.. Slovak on March %, 1850,
took Czechoslovak airlines
plane to Frankfurt, Germany, SO
he and some of his compatriots
could escape from their Commu-
nist-ruled country. He came to
the United States in 1858 and
has applied for citizenship, but
will not complete the residence
requirement before 1860.
Mr.. Slovak now is working as
a crop buster in Yakima, Wash,
but wants to resume his career
as a commercial airlines pilot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-27
Real Issue as Congress Quits

The school construction bill
failure has to be charged
to the radical bloc of the
Democratic Party and the
Southern bloc who didn't
want Federal control of edu-
cation. The agricultural pro-
gram was adopted because
the "soil bank" idea of the
administration - a socialistic
experiment-was too popular"
to be blocked by the Democrats.
The Democrats succeeded,
however, in pushing through
the unsound expansion Of the
social security system over
the protest Of the administra-
ton. The "socialistic" features
Of the public-housing bill were
successfully fought by a bloc
of Democrats allied with a
bloc of Republicans.
There can be no dispute
about the remarkable type of
leadership in Congress to-day
Speaker Sam Rayburn and
Representative Joe Martin in
the House, and William Know
land and Lyndon johnson in
the Senate.
Senator Knowland, the Re-
publican leader, is one of the
outstanding personalities of
this era in public life. He han
died with flnesse and good
judgment the many compli-
Gated tasks entrusted to him
by the White House. Senator
Johnson was masterful in
handling his side.
The two Senate leaders
worked together tremendously,
respecting each others differ
ences but operating the whole
legislative program as eff
GENTLY as possible, considering
the handicap of the four-bloc
party system with its tempo
rary coalitions and alliances.
Five months hence the bat
tie resumes. Even if one party
controls both Congress and
White House, the four-bloc
system will remain. It's an
theological cleavage. 1t will not
end till the forces seeking con-
flScation of incomes and prop
erty, as well as Government
mastery of the lives of all citi-
zens, are deciSively beaten in
an election by the forces that
really believe in the basic
principles of the Constitution.
This means respect for the
functions of a Federal Gov
eminent as defined in the
Tenth Article of the Bill of
Rights-namely, that all pow
ers not specifically enumerated
in the Constitution itself "are
reserved to the people" and
not to Congress or to the Su-
preme Court or to the Execu-
tive.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-27
DORIS FLEEsoN
The G. O.P. After -Four Years

political record to shoot at,
whereas he had had none, he
has had a heart attack and
major surgery. And he is SIS.
Meanwhile. the Vice Presi-
dent. who became nationally
controversial in the 50 cam
paign when he had to defend
a private expense account, has
gone on from controversy to
controversy. This in itself
ordinarily would give a politi-
cal party pause. Now the spot
light inevitably and intensely
falls upon the possibility that
the Eisenhower Vice President
might become President.
There is nothing unusal
about developments of this
kind; they are always happen
ing in politics. When some
thing similar happened to
Franklin Roosevelt, he switched
Vice Presidents. He chose
Henry Wallace in 1910 to boil
ster him in the pivotal and
farm States. In 1914, when
the political focus had shifted
and Wallace was controversial,
Roosevelt dropped Wallace and
took the safe and sane Harry
S. Truman.
Truman unabashedly shopped
around in 1913 for his Vice
President and, more by good
luck than good management,
got the superb defender of the
Democratic record, the late
Alben Barley.
In them, this was not con-
Sidered a sign Of weakness, but
of good sense. The Stassen
Republicans perhaps have a
little more historical perspec-
tive than they are being given
credit for.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-27
Nixon Is Termed q Liability and Move
To Replace Him Service to Party

my opinion, a firm prediction
of how they will vote on cleo
ton day. They will null this
question over in their minds,
change them several times be-
fore finally making them UP,
and in the process be infiu-
enced even by such minor
matters as that the President
might have a cold.
The Republicans who think
they have the election bagged
on an INSTRUMENTATION ticket
should think again. The ablest
newspapermen in this country
don't think so-of the record
and newspapermen, espe-
cially reporters, are excellent
seismographs Of trends.
Gov. Herter is presidential
timber" He has had a lifetime
of experience in public affairs.
at home and abroad. He has
served in the legislatures Of
his State and Nation, and as
Governor Of the great Massa-
chusetts Commonwealth. He is
a qualified diplomat, and was
the real initiator of the Mar
shall Plan. He is a man Of
splendid education and deep
culture, with a wide knowledge
Of and interest in the arts
and the greatest statesmen
have had a strong strain Of the
artist in them. Adlai Stevenson
is both cultivated and INTEL
lectual but he does not. in
these respects. surpaSs Gov.
Herter, whose interests also
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-27

Harold 8. Stassen, by stick
ing his neck out to urge that
Gov. Christian A. Herter Of
Massachusetts, be nominated
for the vice presidency on the
Republican ticket, has given
many members of the Repub-
lican machine conniption fits.
but he has done the Republic
can Party a service. Nixon is
not an asset to the President.
He is a liability, and Stassen
is stating a fact.
Although Stassen tactfully
avoided it, the Presidents
health is in the minds Of the
voters who want him to re-
main in office. All fervently
hope and most are confident
that, If elected, he will flll out
his term. But suppose he
should not" is a thought also
there. This thought makes the
selection of a Vice President
more than normally important.
And a "very great many peo-
pie" las / have already said)
do not believe that Nixon is. as
the phrase has II. presidential
timber"
Some actively dislike him.
Others. probably more numer-
Gus, neither like nor dislike
him but regard him as q cipher.
In voting for Eisenhower, they
want to be sure that a man
Of proportionate qualifications
will, Tin the worst case" sue
coed him. And If they are not
persuaded Of such security,
no poll taken now will be, in