davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15
North Wet Mans Red Regime
Looks Only to Friends for Aid

French-Vietnamese manage
ment-and for this the United
States is blamed. Informants
said the plan had been APP
proved in Paris. but the United
States vetoed 1t by bringing
pressure to bear on Premier
Edgar Faure.
Mine Sole Is Satisfactory
The French missions great
est success has been the sale
of the coal mines north OF
Haiphong. Les Charbonages de
Tonkin, for a consideration
which the French admit Is
satisfactory.
After six months of day and
night negotiations. the Wet
Mimi regime agreed to re-
imburse the French owners OF
this first-class open-cast min
ing operation by delivering
1000, 900 tons Of coal to them.
Shipments will be $4,000 tons
a year for the first five years.
and 52,500 tons a year for the
following 10 years.
The French abandoned a
cement mill they had operated
in the north. Possibly the
Wet Mini will reopen it when
they get the necessary tech
nicians. The French also had
a textile mill at Nam Dinh
which the management evacu-
ated on orders from the
French High Command. The
owners are repeatedly not in
terested In trying to negotiate
its sale to the Red government
at Hanoi; they'd rather claim
its value from the French gov
eminent as war damages.
The mill has not been put
back into operation by the
Wet Mini, presumably be-
cause they haven't got the
technicians. It's machinery
takes long 1ibered American
or Egyptian cotton. whereas
only short fibered cotton is
available to the government
from sources within the Iron
Curtain.
Agricultural Outlook Dork
But If North Wet Nam has
far to 60 industrially. 1t has
equally far to 60 agricultural
ly. It's a country where the
average rice farmer tills only
an acre, where most Of the
fertilizer is human manure.
where the plows are forked
sticks. and where only oxen
and water buffalo supplement
human SinewS.
The answer OF communism
in Wet Nam isn't huge state
owned collectives, but rather
the appropriation of the hold
ings of big land owners and
redistribution of the land to
landless peasants. In many
cases. however, appropriation
is really confiscation. The Red
regime divides the large land
owners into three categories.
0Those who helped or SYM
pathized with the French have
their land confiscated. with
out compensation.
eThose who remained neu-
trail in the war are paid for
their land at very low rates.
eThose who were on the
Wet Mini side are paid ade-
quately, and are allowed to
retain sizeable holdings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15
REVIEW OF THE WEEK

Atomic Energy Committees,
says he has good reason to be-
lieve the Kremlin win fire a
l,500-mile guided missile this
year. Last week Army Chief
OF STAFF Gen. Maxwell D. Tay-
lor said this country Is press
ing as hard as it can for a
1.500-miie missile Of its own.
Cor some of the implications
of this race for an intermedi-
ate-range missile, see article
on Page A-250
Negotiations with the Brit
ish were also under way last
week for an 850-mile extension
Of the United States guided
missile testing range into the
West Indies. Present treaty
arrangements provide that the
United States can fire its ex-
perimental missiles from Pat
rick Air Force Base on the
Banana River In East Central
Florida only as far as the
southeastern end of the
Bahamas group. roughly 800
miles. The range is now being
extended to st. Lucia. in the
Windward Islands. of Vene-
zuela, about $500 miles from
Patrick.
But whether the United
States can move fast enough to
fire a 1,500-mile missile this
year, as Senator jackson ex-
poets the Communists to do, is
doubtful.
Americas heretofore un
doubted deterrent capabilities.
it seemed clear, were facing
their most serious challenge in
the postwar period.
Intentions
There was a huge flap about
the United States intentions In
using its nuclear deterrent
capabilities last week. 1t was
precipitated by an article in
Life magazine quoting Secre-
tary Of State Dulles claim to
have marched ITO the verge of
war" three times since the Re-
publicans came to power.
Mr.. Dulles main point was
that he had strengthened the
United States deterrent by
showing q willingness to use
ito take risks. In this gen.
erality many observers would
agree. But few agreed with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

q special plea to the people Of
America to wake UP" to the
new Soviet economic threat in
underdeveloped countries. He
said the statement had been
prepared by the United States
delegation to the United Ma
tons In December. But he did
not explain why he had with
held 1t so long OF days. II 1t
was as urgent q matter as he
portrayed.
Many took the warning,
whatever It's merits on an in
ternational plane. a. Q piece
Of political warfare, intended
to build up public pressure
against Senator Walter F.
George and other influential
men on Capitol Hill who are
opposed TO the Eisenhower
Administrator plans for
committing the country to q
long range. 10-year program
for helping underdeveloped
countries.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

Mongolia offers US meat. oxen
and sheep for a stock farm.
1.-THE assistance of these
friendly nations is absolutely
disinterested and uncondi-
tional."
Chino Given No Preference
Russian technical experts
already are in Hanoi, and
Chinese technicians and labor
worked on the reconstruction
of the railroad from Hanoi to
Nam Guam, on the Chinese
border.
While at the official ex-
change rate the promised
Chinese aid is nearly four
times that pledged by Russia.
the thanks which the Hanoi
regime extended to Moscow
have been as warm and cordial
as those given to Picking. Some
qualified observers interpret
the careful balance which
Hanoi tries to keep between
its Chinese and Russian friends
as an indication Of resistance
to too much Chinese influence
in the country.
AS might be expected. North
Wet Mans foreign trade is
being completely reoriented.
The country is no longer a
market for French manufac-
lures.
Trade agreements have been
signed with countries Of the
Iron Curtain bloc. but except
for Chinese goods, imports
have been slow in arriving to
reinforce the nearly exhausted
stockpiles Of foods imported
during the French regime.
Many higher class shops
have been kept open or re-
opened on government orders
simply as show windows for
their psychological effect on
the people. When I was in
Hanoi last fall they had little
to sell at prices the people
could afford. For example. in
Hanoi cigarettes-even Chi
nese cigarettes-sold for the
equivalent of $3.50 a pack.
and beer for 81 a pint.
French Mission Is frustrated
Members of the General
Delegation of the French Gov
eminent at Hanoi. the COM
mercial and cultural mission
headed by Jean Sainteny,
are bitter with Illustration.
Former Pr mier Pierre Men
des-France sent them TO Ha-
moi after Geneva to protect
the economic and cultural in
tereSts France had built up
over 80 years. but TIL cir
achievements have been far
short of their hopes.
For example. they hope to
conclude barter deals with the
government totaling about ST.
100000 a year. France used
to do a $40 million a year
business with North Wet Nam.
The French mission has
failed to persuade the govern
ment to indemnify private
French citizens for the real
estate they had to leave be-
hind in the evacuation-more
than 800 homes in Hanoi. farm
lands. factories and timber
lands. 1t failed to realize the
early post Geneva hope that
many French industries could
continue under q mike d
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

Continued From Page AIS
ing q hard look at both. try
ing to judge how the enemy
has estimated our capabilities
and intentions in the recent
past (since the Republicans
took over in January, 1889
and how the enemy estimates
them today. Take the capable
tiles first.
Capabilities
Since World War II our de-
terrent capabilities have CEN
tered on the capacity Of the
Strategic Air Command to de-
liver nuclear weapons over the
vital targets of a potential en-
envy. 1t is widely agreed that
capability-wise. the United
States mas saved the world
from war with this single COM
sbination of strength. Still to-
day. SAC and its payload Of
nuclear weapons is the core of
our deterrent.
But in recent years the So
Wet Union has made incredible
advances, not only on the tech
biological side, but also on the
industrial production side (the
assembly-lin techniques which
the United States originated.
Today Russia threatens to
match or exceed the SAC cap
abilities. thus weakening our
deterrent.
The United States is still be-
lieyed to be far ahead in
nuclear stockpiles, and has a
unique advantage in its ring
of SAC bases around the peri
meter of the Soviet land mass.
But there Is increasing appre-
hension that American means
Of delivery are in danger Of
being outmatched by the So
Wet Union.
The Reds have q better
heavy jet bomber than the
United States and. 1t appears.
they are producing 1t In much
larger quantities than the
Pentagon is ordering B-52s.
But the race for top delivery
methods Is swinging quickly
from manned airplanes to un-
manned missiles.
Senator Henry M. jackson,
a member Of the key Senate
Armed Services and Joint
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15
BY GERALD WARING


A Westerner in Hanoi coined
IN expression which fits the
North Vietnamese like their
skin.
"They 60 like ants" he said.
and the phrase caught on.
Several people at different
times have used those words to
convey to me their overall i'm
preston of the little brown
people of that Communist
. state.
After a recent disastrous ty-
phoon I realized full well what
they meant. Hurricane winds
blowing in off the Gulf of Ton
kin toppled tree after stately
tree along Hanoi's broad boule-
wards.
AS soon as the storm was
over, brown-shirted men. wom-
en- and children emerged from
tiny homes and swarmed over
the fallen trees. hacking. cut
ting and chipping with hatch
cts, meat cleavers and knives.
Bicycles were laden with cut
branches, pushcarts with cut
limbs and baskets with bark
stripped from the tree trunks.
Only naked white logs were
left to be trucked away by the
city's cleanup squads.
But while the typhoon pro-
vided fuel for many a home.
1t was no real blessing. 1t
flooded the fiat Red River
delta for many leagues around
the city, inundating homes and
destroying rice crops in a
country already short Of food.
Communist authorities admit
the loss of rice and fruit Is
serious.
Communist Stotes Send Aid
Before the partition of Wet
Nam between two mutually
hostile governments. as part
of the armiStice agreement
which ended the Indo-Chinese
War, North Wet Mans rice
deficiency was made up by i'm
ports from South Wet Nam.
Since then the north has been
importing rice from China,
and also has received rice from
Burma-rice bought with Rus
sian rubles as part of Soviet
aid for North Wet Nam.
On paper, the older Com
munist countries aid program
for this fledgling Red state
looks impressive. This is how
President Ho Chi Mimi re-
ported it to the rubber stamp
National Assembly in Sep
TENDER:
"On the basis of equality
and respect of our sovereignty
and independence, our friendly
nations, firstly Russia and
China, give US money, ma
chinery and technicians to
rehabilitate and develop our
economy.
Russia offers US 400 million
rubles in two years to re-
hahilitate and build up Is
factories. China offers US
800 million han in five years
to repair railroads. harbors,
roads and bridges and to con-
struct a textile mill. tannery
and paper mill. Russia and
China will train our TECH
nicians and send their own to
help US. The Republic Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

doubted, incidentally, that Eli
senhower would have regarded
an attack on Quemoy and the
Matsus as an attack on For
mosa.)" The italics are The
Sunday Stars.
So far, Mr.. Dulles has not
specifically endorsed this pur-
ported reflection Of his views.
Nothing 80 definite about our
intentions has appeared ON
cially. Since Quemoy and the
Matsus are 90 important to-
day. and are likely to become
more important If Red China
follows through on its long
range goal to take over For
mosa. the Secretary Of State
is certain to be questioned on
this point at his next press
conference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15
Foreign Aid

Mr.. Dulles started his press
conference last Tuesday with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

If you not of the maker the OF your old
silver pattern, will be peosed TO mail you lusroted
brochures Of pottern and prices Or you may just bring
in one piece sorple and will identity it for you
for you.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-15

Amereon orsefois Cherries Second . Chased Classic cho'suv
Colonial .
cronodo Monticello OF Regency Poppy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21

YOUNG LADIES For permanent,
full-time position with national or
SANITATION: tipping experience neceS-
sary. ST. 3-23uS, Do
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
hELP--WoMEN
TYPIST

For customer invoice billing and
filing; will use Burroughs billing ma
chine: 5-day week: salary. S50-Sb5.
st. ne. La. 6-53OO. -22
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21

OFFICE FURNITURE - Secretary
S sx: With nS s sa,s TOP rssTs, S Gs;s
end tables: lamp: Grapes and add
ine machine. JOHN G. KAHN CO..
HOS 1ffh AZ NV 90
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
Stenographers

The hot weather sea-
son is here! Start a new,
interesting position in an
aforementioned building.
National organization Of
ferS permanent job with
opportunity for advance
m en- t, liberal employee
benefits. Age under 40.
Excel. sh ort h and and
tipping skills required.
Apply in person $50 to
HOO am, 100 to $3.50
pm. Chamber of Com
merce of U. S., 1915 H St.
NV.
III
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
STENOGRAPHER
CASHIER

White. age 21-35 yrs, for steno-
graphic work and central cash con-
troll Good tipping essential: can
5-day week. Apply in person, OFF,
GERS CLUB, Bldg. l0l. U. S. Naval
Gun Factory. l1th and N SITS. sc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
TYPIST
TYPISTS

UNDER 40, must be qualified typist
General typing to start. Opportunity
to advance with on-the- lob training
Salary commensurate with ability
Permanent position 5-day. 40-houI
wk. Annual leave and sick leave EN-
ploye cafeteria. Air conditioning
Apply in person between 8 am. and
pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
HELP WOMEN Cont


o president and vice president Of
established enginering firm. Con-
Itcniently located In Rosslyn, Va. at
Key Bridge. Permanent position:
'b-day week: aforementioned of1ices.
Must be excellent typist. use die
taphone; some shorthand Salary
open. ia. $4,000, weekdays. MR..
BELL, --2l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
YOUNG WOMEN

ARTHUR MURRAY is beginning its
training for teachers, supervisors
and interviewers. Income. $75 to
1928 wkly. Only persons with above
average appearance and high social
land academic BACKGROUND accepted.
NO PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE MEG
ESSARY.. Complete training given in
the evening for those who qualify.
Apply in person, z pm. to o pm.
LonlY 1IO1 Conn ave. n w IL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
BABIES DISCOUNT
PARADISE
3l&-7n& OFF

Huge discounts on adult linens
summer furn.-gymS-sand boxes
pools, etc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
SILVER SPRING

Receptionist, typist: interesting
and varied work. Typing ability alb
solutely necessary. 5-day, 4O-hr
wk,; company benefits. Prefer age
under 30 Immed. opening. Please
call MR.. LEE, JU. 9-4705 for appt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
HOUSEWIVES, TEACHERS
GOVT. EMPY.. ETC.

Your spare time can be turned
dollars. Car needed for local driy-
ing No experience necessary. Com
pany has AAA-I rating. Send q post
card with your name. address, phone
number to Box 421-A, Star. for fur
ther information. -2I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
SECRETARY

Before leaving office after 4 years
Of interesting, friendly, remunera-
tive work. would like to find secre-
tsry for wonderful boss. Large Jew
fish organization, liberal personnel
policy. aforementioned once, lBM
typewriter. salary open. Elk. 3-h2SS
Ext. 2S. I'll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
GIRL FRIDAY

Young executive requires per-
sonable and capable young lady with
ability TO make decisions and han
die public relations work in busy
Office Salary will be in line with
call MIR WHITE. EN- 3-ssgS be-
tween ! and { pm. --23
LADIES - Vacation or camp money
can be yours If you turn spare
hours into easy dollars with AVON
You can have $50 before school
closes. DI. 7-O22I. 90
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21

size. 4-poster. mahog-
any: coil springs. innerspring mat
tress: excellent condition; complete,
$50 cash. AID. 2-6466 after 2 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
Print the SURPRISE ANSWER hare


Unscramble the Of letters making word Of
tumble Print each word letter to square. beneath
each tumble The letters you have printed on the ctr
cled may then be arranged to spell the surprise
GnSWer suggested by the cartoon clue. What is it?
(AnsWer appears Page Bic, Col. %
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
MATTRESSES

GIRLS, white. to answer telephone;
S~llcnooard experience helpful; Or
Sat, Sun. and holidays. hours. 4
TO 400. Apply Room 4l2. 1926 g
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-05-21
HELP-WoMEN

YOUNG LADY--oeneral once work,
lean Wholesalers, 9TH and W ne
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
2 Boys, Is and IA,
Hop Into Police Car
After Auto Chase

Two District boys ended a JOY
riding spree last night by
voluntarily hopping into a Prince
Georges County police cruiser
after they and another boy
rammed a stolen car into three
parked autos. police reported.
when pulled to the curb the
1.-TWO we're so scared they just
opened my door and climbed in
said Sergt. Adam Lindsay.
The two boys met the cruiser
on Rhode Island avenue six
blocks from where they fed their
wrecked stolen car on foot. police
said. The third boy who had
ESCAPED was named by the two.
Hyattsville Town Police Pvts
Howard Fiest and James Adams
said the trio, aged Is and IA
took a car last night from the
Ohio williams used car lot
Twentieth street and Rhode
Island avenue NE, and drove
to the University Of Maryland,
They began two-mile chase
when spotted on the Hyattsville
overpass by Edmonston Police
by 1t. Gail Judd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
Man
Found Dead

The body Of q 75-year-old
man who had been missing from
his home near Franconia. Va,
nearly four weeks. was found
yesterday In woods at Fort Bel
voir.
He was George o. Cawman
who lived at Beulah and Tele-
graph roads near the Army
installation. He was last seer
January 80 and at the time was
| feared lost in the woods.
Mr.. Cawman's body was dis
covered by Army Sergt. lIcl
William H. Basnight Of the 588th
Engineer Battalion at Fort Bel
voir while on a reconnaissance
mission.
| DR.. Claude E.. Cooper. county
medical examiner. ruled that
Mr.. Cawman had died from
exposure.
Mr.. Cawman's nearest relative
was listed as a sister. Mrs. George
Dawson. of Route S, Box 432
Alexandria. Mr.. Cawman had
lived alone in one-room house
He was the object of an intense
search when he first was re-
ported missing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
House Is Hit
BY Fire Twice

Fire struck a house at Clinton.
Md, twice within an eight-hour
period yesterday and early today.
causing an estimated loss Of
SO. 700.
| According to the Prin e
Georges County fire control
center at Seat Pleasant the fires
were at the house Of Marvin
Sage on Moores lane. Clinton.
The first alarm. about 4:40
pm. yesterday. called out Ciin-
ton, Forestville. Morningside and
ALLENTOWN Road Volunteer Fire
Departments. Damage was esti-
mated by firemen at about $2.700.
The same four companies were
called back at 1905 am. and a
second alarm brought out the
District Heights and Silver Hill
Volunteer Fire Departments.
Firemen listed damage the sec
ond time at about $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
Arlington Bond Defeat
Adds to School Row
Continued From First Pag,

Continued From First Page
anced fiscal future for our coun.
ty."
One of the major issues of the
opposition was the size of the
bond issue and the effect thai
opponents said it would have or
taxes. Mr.. Rowzee once pre-.
dicted 1t might result in 3d.
cent increase in the tax rate
This was challenged by schoo.
officials, who forecast a tax in
crease Of only 3 cents. Accord.
ing to school officials. other in
creased costs-additional teach.
ters and the Iike--were included
in Mr.. Rowzee's figures, and they
said these would occur whether
the bond issue passed.
Cox Disappointed
Warren Cox, former school
board member who helped cir
culate citizen petitions request
ing the $9.4 million bond propos-
al. said he doubted that there
would be another movement soor
for a new bond proposal.
I'm extremely disappointed
Of course" said Mr.. Cox. Its
hard to say why it failed, but
doubtless all of the confusion
about the status of our school
board had some effect. 1t GER
tainly leaves our school system
in bad shape, and Wen feel 1t fol
several years to come"
The pending legislation that
school officials believe brought
confusion to the bond issue ref
erendum include the Mcncure
bill to make Arlington's elected
school board appointive. and the
Boatwright bill to bar Federal
employees from local Office. in
Icluding school boards. Both have
been attacked as punitive meas
ures against Arlington for an
nouncing tentative school inte-
grafton plans.
Round Of Battles
These measures triggered a
new round Of battles between the
county's liberal school board and
its conservative critics during
the weeks preceding the bond
issue referendum.
All but 50 million Of the new
Issue was planned for additional
Iclassrooms. The new construc-
ton planned included a new
senior high school. a new junior
high school. SIS elementary class
room additions along with a Sec
Iond unit for another junior high
building. The remaining 50 mil
lion was to be used for remodel
ling Of old buildings, and site pur-
|chases.
Arlington voters once before
rejected school bond issue,
That was in 1850, when a ST.
$50, 900 proposal was voted down,
1T was rejected after another
lbitterg battle between the coun-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
Spirited Primary Seen
AS 7ydines Enters Roce

Washington. Kenneth E. Lee Of
Baltimore and George Washing
ton williams Of Baltimore.
The Republican aspirants who
have filed thus far besides Sena-
tor Butler are former Army Gen
d. John Marley of Frederick
Henry j. Laque. jr.. Anne Arun-
del County junk dealer: Earl E
Knepper. Route 40 novelty shop
owner from Clear Spring. anc
Harold John Redrave Of Clarks-
burg.
Filing deadline is Monday mid
night. Then the candidates have
another week to change Their
minds and reclaim their filing
fees
Also fling candidates. here
yesterday were:
| John r. Foley Of Kensingtor
for Democratic nomination tc
Congress from 9Th District.
George H. Fallon. incumbent
for Democratic nomination tt
Congress from 4th District.
Hamilton P. Fox of Salisbury
for Democratic nomination tt
Congress from LIST District.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-22
Fire Sweeps House
ON Montgomery Farm

Atwo-alarm blaze swept a SIX
room frame tenant house yester.
day on the 540-acre farm Of o
w. Anderson, former Montgom-
cry County agricultural agent
on Monocacy road of Route "a
north Of Dickerson.
Mr.. Anderson said the house
occupied by Robert Buriss anc
his family, was worth about
5000.