davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-13
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Household Problems
Solved by Expert

/ an anode rod installed to prevent
corrosion from forming in the
tank. Ordinarily. where hard
water contains a large percent
age Of lime and other similar
minerals, early rusting is not pre-
valent.
Film On Woodwork
QuestiOn-The woodwork and
wood doors in our kitchen have
a film which we cannot remove.
no matter how thoroughly we
wash, rinse and dry. Can you
help us?
Answer-Try removing the film
by wiping with a mixture of one
tablespoonful of cider vinegar
in a quart of lukewarm water.
Rub on with a soft, lintless cloth
in the direction of the grain of
the wood; then wipe with dry
cloth. If this does not help, the
varnish is at fault. A more mois-
ture-resistant varnish should be
used.
Frightening Slate Floor
QuestiOn-Is there any way I
can brighten up my slate floor?
I want something that will bring
out the color in the slate. 50
far, We have just cleaned it with
steel wool and water. We have
this on a bathroom floor and
water seems to leave spots.
AnSwer-After scrubbing the
slate thoroughly, then rinse well
with clear water, allow it to dry
for several hours to make GER
tain there is no moisture on the
surface of the stone. The slate
can then be waxed with good
brand of paste floor wax. For
greater resistance to water, you
might be more satisfied with the
following: Apply a liberal coat
Of one part turpentine and three
parts Of boiled linseed oil (the
oil is not heated but purchased
under that name at the paint
store). After a half hour, wipe
off all traces of oil with plenty
OF dry cloths. Try this on an
obscure block to see if you like
the effect. All oil-soaked cloths
should be kept outdoors because
they are inflammable.
Rough Laundry Tubs
QuestiOn-Our laundry tubs
are made of cement and after
many years of usage the finish
has gone and the tubs are rough
at the bottom and water seeps
through. What can be done and
what kind of paint can be used?
Answer-You can smooth the
roughened surfaces inside the
tub with a coarse abrasive stone
OF emery cloth. After wiping off
the dust, paint the surface with
a rubber base floor paint. How
ever, l do not think the paint
will last very long, because of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-13
BY ROGER c. WHITMAN

Question; A year ago cabinets
were installed in our kitchen
The counter top was of 12-inch
pine boards. Adhesive was ap-
piled directly on the boards and
a good grade of plastic was put
on. In a months time the boards
warped and the plastic bulged.
This was replaced with a pine
board. the full width of the coun-
ter. but the same trouble devel-
oped. For several months we
lroned the counter and it was
fair, but again we have the same
difficulty and the iron no longer
helps What can we do? Was
the wrong paste Used?
Answer: The wrong base was
used. A fir plywood not less
than an inch thick should have
been used. Such a base would
be least likely to warp. Since
l do not know JUST what type
Of plastic and adhesive was used,
cannot say if the right or
wrong materials we're involved in
your problem. Manufacturers
directions should be followed as
far as the adhesive is concerned.
Stains OH Concrete
Question: We recently took up
some linoleum which We had on
our cellar floor and noticed mil
dew stains on the concrete. viii
you please give me 4 remedy for
removing the mildew stain and
odor from the concrete floor?
Answer: To do away with the
odor OF mildew and to kill mildew
organisms. scrub the floor with
hot solution Of washing soda
or trisodium phosphate, using
about three pounds in each gall
lon Of hot water. Rinsing with
clear water should follow. Wire
brushing or rubbing with a coarse
abrasive stone should remove the
discoloration.
High Fuel Consumption
QuestiOn-We recently built a
double fiat, using two independ-
ent heating systems. Our heating
bill upstairs is running almost
double the amount of the one
downstairs. The gas company
has tested both units and advises
that they are in good order. One
inch rock wool blanket was used
in the walls and ll2-inch in
sulation was used in the attic.
Would closing the air vents in
the attic lower the heat loss?
Answer-The reason for the
greater fuel consumption is that
there is not enough insulation in
the attic space. There should be
between three and four inches
of rock wool insulation. Closing
the vents may cause trouble
with condensation and frost on
the underside Of the roof during
cold weather, Keep them open.
Rusty Water
QuestiOn-We have a gas-f1red
water heater that has been in
use for two years. For the last
four months the water has been
running discolored rusty. The
plumber had us change the cold
water storage tank, which We did.
but there is no improvement. The
plumber says we have hard
water condition. What do you
advise?
Answer suspect that the hot
water storage tank is corroding
and if there is a guarantee with
the tank l would suggest that
you contact the manufacturer
Otherwise install copper or
glass-lined tank. If you find
these too expensive, get a top
quality galvanized tank but have
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

Senator Estes Kefauver in mid
west speeches, this week, proposed
amendments to the farm bill which
would directly affect the Negro
city dweller who is feeling the
pinch of unemployment and high
food prices.
Under his overall farm program,
the Negro stands to profit most
through the consideration given
the family-type farmer.
Carrying his bid for the Demo-
cratic presidential nomination into
Iowa, the Senator declared: 81 am
sick and tired Of hearing the Sec
rotary of Agriculture moan about
'overburdening SURPRISES and
blaming the farmers woes on
them"
This Is significant in view of the
many areas where Negroes are APP
plying for relief to meet the bare
necessities Of subsistence food
and clothing"
The senator does not believe we
can afford to classify these food
SURPRISES as a burden, since there
are many ways they. can serve to
relieve suffering at home and make
friends abroad.
Under the Senator's Food Stamp
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

mObs.
| In it's discussion of the intro
duction of new anti-lynching bill,
similar to cnes which have failed
of adoption in the past, the Sub
committee says: when this legis-
lation has been considered on pre-
vious occasions, its constitutionality
has been questioned. Most of
these assertions are based upon the
suspicion that lynching is nothing
but murder and the Federal gov
eminent has no constitutional right
to punish lynching any more than
it has to punish murder. This
analogy, however, between murder
and lynching is dispelled upon
closer examination. In murder, one
or more individuals take life gen.
orally motivated by some personal
reason. In lynching, mob sets
itself up in place of the State, in
disregard of the processes Of law,
and attempts to mete out punish
ment to persons accused or sus-
pected of crimes. The mob in
such cases sets itself up as the
judge, the jury and the executioner
In murder, the accused merely vio-
lates the laws Of the State. In
lynching, the mob arrogates to it.
self the powers of the State and
the functions of the government.
It is, therefore, not only an act OF
killing but a usurpation Of the
functions CT the government, and
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10
Saw New Orleans
Continued from Page One)

such a division among the clergy,
| believe it most unfair for one
segment to arrogate to itself all
righteousness and to declare that
those who do not conform in their
opinion have strayed from Catho-
lie doctrine
The Right Reverend Monsignor
Henry C. Bezou, archdiocesan SUI
perintendent of Roman Catholic
schools was responsible for the an
nouncement that the schools will
accept Negroes "just as the night
follows the day."
The Importance of the decision is
enhanced by the fact that in New
Orleans nearly as many children
attend parochial schools as attend
public schools, although the per-
centage of Negro students is con-
siderably less in parochial schools.
Mrs. Dalcher notes that delay
in enacting Indignation may be due
to the fact that Archbishop Rum
mel is conducting a program to
prepare the minds and hearts Of
the clergy, teachers, and parents"
He has called upon Catholic social
scientists, lawyers, doctors and
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

it is this combination of acts which
this legislation seeks. to prevent
If there is no usurpation of gov
ernmental authority and a homi-
eide has been committed, the hon.
icide, if punishable, is punishable
under State laws. But where a
homicide occurs, having as its
basis the denial of justice to a
person because of his race, color
or religion, or any associated rea-
sen, the crime committed is against
the sovereign and should be pun
isable accordingly.
"Where does the Congress derive
authority for the punishment of
such actions? First of all, from
its authority to punish attempts
to usurp federal authority. Sec
ondly, from it's constitutional
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

will you send some food please be-
cause I have five children
will you please send me some
food. / have six children. l will
appreciate anything you can send
me. Thank you"
The senator concludes: "We cal
culate that there are about 10 mil
lion persons in the United States
who would qualify for use Of the
food stamp plan"
On the other side of the surplus
food problem, the Negro farmer
stands with other farmers. The
senator included in his speeches
the following statements which d.
rectly affect the Negro farmer:
81 intend to propose that we
have a 1907 price supports from
those farms showing revenue Of
$1,000 or less: 90R on income be-
tween $1,000 and $4,000; 1871
up to $4,000. This graduation will
give the major benefit to the fam
ily-t..'pe farmer instead of the big
ones.
Right now hogs are selling, /
believe, at around 53T. If we set
the minimum level at 901t, then we
would be saying, in very rough
figures, that the income of the hog
farmers would be increased by
around 30H. l think that's the
kind of vital assistance you need"
The keystone of Senator Kefauv-
er's farm proposals is aid to the
family-type farmer.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

other experts to prepare studies
and Recommendation to show that
Indignation may be accomplished
without detriment to the education,
health, and morals of the students.
Mrs. Dalcher also reports on the
work of the Commission on HUI
man Rights Of the Catholic Com
mittee of the South. The Com
mission she says, has worked quiet
ly for years to prepare the way
for eventual Indignation Of Catho-
lie schools.
1t stepped up its program after
the Supreme Court decisions OF
1854 and 1855, mailing reprints
from Catholic journals on varied
topics from genetics to Catholic
doctrine, anth,opology, health, and
social justice.
One mailing included a pastoral
letter from Bishop Vincent S. Wa:-
ers, of Raleigh, North Carolina, in
which he said: There is no segre-
CATION of races to be tolerated in
any Catholic Church in the Diocese
of Raleigh. The pastors are charged
with the carrying out Of this teach
ing and shall tolerate nothing to
the contrary.
81 am not unmindful, as South
erner, of the force of this virus OF
prejudice among some persons in
the South, as we'll as in the North.
I know, however, that there is a
cure for this virus and that is our
Faith"
However, DR.. Clarence Scheps,
comptroller of Tulane University
and a member of the Orleans Par
'ish School Board, says: "We will
not integrate. We will use every
legal and honarble means to main
tain segregation" "a special three
man Federal court recently, declar-
ed all Louisiana school segregation
laws invalid and ordered the Or
leans Parish School Board to
change it's racial policy.)
DR.. Scheps defended the Boards
policy, according to Mrs. Dalcher,
on the grounds of it's Separate
but-equa" program.
Regarding the problems faced
by the school board members on the
segregation issue, Mrs. Dalcher
notes that state law provides that
state funds be withheld from any
school attempting to break racial
barriers. New Orleans schools re-
ceive half their financial support
from the state.
She quotes a former member OF
the School Board who says the pub
lie schools "must come first, no
matter how strongly you feel about
inteeration Louisiana schools
are not good enough to take anoth-
err beating. They must be sup
ported by the whole community
The Reporter article notes that
there has been some criticism of
the state grant allocating 100000
in public funds to assist local school
boards in segregation suits. The
Orleans Parish School Board was
the first to take advantage of the
fund.
"As expensive as litigation is,
the school board apparently con-
siders it trifling compared with the
cost of the only other course they
see open to it: to abandon public
schools and set up statewide
system of private schools Mrs.
Dalcher reports.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10
kefauver's Food Stamp Plan Would
Ease Plight Of Urban, Rural Negroes

Plan, the Secretary of Agriculture
would be authorized to issue food
stamps through regular state wei
fare agencies. Such stamps would
be redeemable for food on the
surplus list at stores participating
in the plan.
He says: "Any of those who are
receiving benefits or assistance un-
der the program of old-age assist
ance, Federal Old-Age and Sur
vivors Insurance Benefits, aid to
dependent children, aid to the blind,
and aid to permanently and total
ly disabled will be eligible for food
stamps"
The urban Negro is particularly
aware of the need for the distribu-
ton of surplus food in manner
which will reach the thousands who
are on the rolls of the agencies
listed.
These statements by the senator
will be met by opposition in many
quarters. However, the senator
has the evidence to refute the op-
timists who claim that everyone in
our nation has plenty to eat. He
cites as an example a member OF
group which operates a center
for assisting the need in Washing
ton. "He brought along some Of
the letters that they receive daily
-grubby, grimy, written on torn
pieces of paper with pencil" the
senator said, and quoted from the
letters:
will you please send me food
order. My children haven't had
anything to eat all day long and
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10
Nations Growth Linked Expanded Sanitation Facilities

increase has placed burden on
present sewage and water facil-
tiles. Thousands Of miles Of
underground clay pipe lines are
needed to carry wastes to dis
posal plants. Vitrifed clay pipe
is recognized as the one mate
rial that provides all the quail
ties necessary to satisfy the
exacting demands Of sanitary
structures. Clay pipe resists all
the effects Of acids and other
caustic substances that are
found in sewer systems.
Modern sanitary systems con-
structed Of clay pipe play an
everyday role as guardian of
the health of the people. They
are one of the city's lifelines,
carrying away deadly wastes.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

Many Of the changes in the
American way Of life within the
last decade have been related to
the industrial expansion Of the
country and the growth of the
American Community.
As q result Of this indus
trial progress and community
growth, Americans will live
better. In 1865 than they did in
1866, the Sanitary Engineering
Committee of the National Clay
Pipe Association reports.
However, full modernization
Of the Nations existing sewage
and water facilities is necessary
in the next ten years If this
country is to continue its growth
and progress.
The combination Of industrial
growth and rapid population
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

power to guarantee to each State
of the Union a republican form
of government. Thirdly, from the
constitutional power to enforce the
provisions of the 14th Amendment,
prohibiting states from depriving
any person of due process and
equal protection of the laws"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10
Morgan Student .
(Continued from PAGE Onel

ICOntlnued from Page UneJ
Award" to Wilson for the study,
beginning September, 1856.
The invitation to sing in the
Paris opera is also a signal honor
for Wilson. He will be the first of
his race in the history of the Paris
theater to sing a lead role in the
opera.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-10

A man has so many more temp
tations than woman because he
knows where to go and find them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Senators BeaII
And Butler Hit
Burke Site Bill
BY CHARLES YARBRoUGH

More criticism of proposals to
build a second Washington air.
port at Burke, Va. came from
Capitol Hill yesterday.
1 The proposal, strongly backed
by Senate aviation subcommit.
tee. goes before the full Com.
merce committee Wednesday, &C
companied by a request for i'm
mediate action on a crash pro-
gram" of construction that would
halve the time originally esti-
mated for completion.
Senator Butler, Republican Of
Maryland, in weekend press
release, declared that the Com
merce Department should not
permit the attempted intimida-
ton by a small Senate Subcom.
mittee to force hasty, ill-adviseo
and indefensible action :"
J The Senator is one of the
strongest proponents of the use
of Baltimore's Friendship Inter
national Airport as a second
Washington field.
Without an "unmiStakable
mandatae from Congress-, the
Commerce Department would be
foolish to repudiate the recon-
mendationS of President Eisen-
hower'S advisory committee on
on the use of Friendship" he
said.
1855 Advisory Recalled
In early 1855, the President
approved the advisory committee
,Ireport. which included a recon-
Imendation from then Budget
Director Rowland Hughes. II
proposed the use of Friendship
as supplemental" to Washing
ton National.
i But it also pointed out that
!, Friendship is not necessarily a
long-range solution. At the time
the White House said President
Eisenhower's approval was TEN
'Iporary."
Senator Monroney, Democrat
of Oklahoma, chairman of the
aviation subcommittee. said 1.-THE
airlines have had since 1851, the
completion date of Friendship
to make scheduled stops called
i. Baltimore Washington.
! But" Senator Monroney
} added, Il know of none-pro-
gressive as they are-who has
chosen to use Friendship for that
purpose"
Senator Beall Attacks
The second attack on the
Burke site came from Senator
Beall, Republican of Maryland
In a press release and a message
to constituents, he declared that
"the main argument advanced
by the Burke advocates is that
an airport there would save Is
to 20 minutes of ground-travel
time to and from the Capital,
II. for one. refuse to admit
that a quarter of an hour can
Justify multi-million dollar ex-
Ipenditure for an airfield which
would only add to the crowded
traffic already in the skies over
Washington" Senator Beall
added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11

D.. Montgomery County Negroes
will attempt to send their chill
:dren to schools nearest theil
:homes next year, an official Of
:the National Association for the
advancement of Colored People
said yesterday.
However, the NAACP officia,
said his group will not press fol
admission of colored pupils tc
schools that are already over.
crowded.
If, on the other hand, a colorec
child is turned away from 6
school which has the room tt
admit him, court action may BIZ
taken. according to Alphonzc
Lee, executive secretary of the
Montgomery chapter of the
NAACP.
Mr.. Lee made his statement
because, he said. anti-integra-
:tion groups had gotten the wrong
Idea about a letter he wrote last
week to the School Board. He
said they mistakenly construed
his letter to imply that Negroes
would force themselves" into
previously all-white schools next
fall \,
He pointed out that fewer
than 400 of Montgomery's Negro
school children, most of them
in suburban areas, have beer
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Election Officials
To Be Briefed on
Maryland Laws

ANNAPOLIS, Mar. 10 (P.-
Maryland's supervisors of cleo
tons, their attorneys and clerks
ARE scheduled to meet here
March 10 for a briefing on the
States election laws.
| Secretary of State Blanchard
Randall announced the meeting
today. 1t will be held at 2 pm
in the State House and will be
the first such briefing since the
servicemen's absentee voting law
went into effect in 1914.
Mr.. Randall said the primary
purpose is to achieve a uniform
lily of procedures throughout the
State in the coming primary ano
general elections and acquaint
election officials with the use oil
voting machines. A number Of
counties will be using them fol-
the first time in the May 7 pyi-
mary. All must have them BY
the general election in Novem-
Der.
| 1t also is designed to generally
acquaint new supervisors APP
pointed by Gov. McKeldin last
year with election procedures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Baltimore Boy Elected
:'Governor' of MARYLAND

Carl Hickey, a high school
senior at Baltimore City College.
yesterday was elected governor
,of the Youth and Government
Committee representing some 60
Hi-Y and Tri-Hi-Y clubs in
Maryland.
The governor, elected at a pre-
legislative conference at the
University of Maryland. will be
the States top official at a mock
assembly in Annapolis on April
ST. The session will be the 14th
held by the youth organizations.
= The 200 youngsters meeting
at College Park elected Mr..
Hickey over three other candi-
dates: James M. tombstone of
Hagerstown, Dale Livermore of
Riverdale. and William C. Schulz
theis of Frostburg.
H. Other successful candidates
for legislative Office were Arthur
Sheets. jr., president of the Sem
ate; Woody Noel, Senate clerk;
Michael McLuckie, assistant
Senate clerk; Ronald E. Lease,
Senate chaplain; Charles w.
Stump, House speaker; Barbara
-Couchman. House clerk; Mar
-earet Peterson. assistant House
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Irish Writer to Speak
AT Library Meeting

ANNAPOLIS, Mar. 10 (Spe-
lciaD Frank O'Connor, Irish
writer now living in Annapolis
will speak at a meeting Monday
to organize the Friends of the
Library, countrywide organiza-
ton being established for the
Annapolis and Anne Arundel
County Public Library.
The meeting will be held at
8 pm. at the Board of Education
administration building. accord
ling to Curtis Wilson, st. Johns
College tutor and chairman OF
the steering committee to or
ganize the association.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Girl Scouts Founding
will Be Celebrated

The 44th anniversary of the
founding of the Girl Scouts of
.the United States will be OBJ
served by District 7, Girl Scouts
Prince Georges County, at pm.
today at the Bladensburg Sem
,ior High School, Fifty-sixth and
.Tilden streets, Bladensburg.
The celebration will consist of
"a pageant of seven episodes de-
.picting the life of Juliette Low
founder of the Girl Scouts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
Woodsen and Walker
To Talk at Hearing

Fairfax County's school budget
for 1956-1957 will get a public
hearing Thursday at a meeting
.of the Fairfax County Fedora
stion of Citizens Associations.
School Supt. w. T. Woodson
land School Information Direc-
tor Robert Walker will present
the school budget and school
construction plans at the open
meeting in the Annandale ele-
;mentary school at $3.50 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-11
.Neurest Schools Set as Goal
For Montgomery Negroes

'integrated. Four all-Negro ele-
mentary schools, a junior high
school, and a high school. with
total enrollments OF about 1900
pupils. still are in operation.
eve will not go to court as
long as we are satisfied that the
board is doing all it can to bring
about indignation in as rapid
and orderly a manner as pos
Sible," he added.