davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15

over to the committee for further
study. If, after careful analysis of
these pedigrees, the study shows there
is merit for future research on this
phase of the program, the committee
will ask for additional information on
a voluntary basis from the members
of the national registry organization.
The committee also will continue
other research projects directed to-
ward the solution of the dwarfism
problem in the beef cattle industry
and will advise and direct the associa-
ton program in its participation in
these studies.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15
Pigs Gain Better
Under Aluminium

THE TYPE OF roofing material on
your hog house may affect the ami
mails rate of gain, studies at Iowa
State College indicate.
In an 8-week study the researchers
found that hogs kept in aluminium
covered houses gained 11.2 pounds on
III pounds less feed than animals in
houses covered with galvanized steel.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15

Miss Challenger was reserve champion.
The BayerS show herd also won first
prize senior yearling bull, first-prize
summer yearling heifer, first get-Of-
sire by Alpine Pioneer 14th. Also first
on two bulls, three bulls, and females.
The Rigby Hereford Ranch won the
2-year-old class and also the senior bull
calf class.
While calf weights may be down
somewhat in parts of the state this
year, Jack Milburn of N Bar Ranch in
central Montana reports that his steer
calves were up to par and little more
so. The 300 steer calves he sold recent
ly averaged bit more than 400 pounds,
and this on Sept. 20, month earlier
than usual. This draft of feeder calves
sold to a Minnesota buyer at 25 cents,
no shrink and no cut-backs.
The ExmOOr-Hin Hereford herd,
San Martin, Calf, was purchased by
George and Karma Lacey and Grass
land Hereford Ranch, at Drummond.
This herd produced some of the top
placings in the past California shows.
The American Aberdeen Angus
Breeders Association at St. JO-
seph, Mo-, has selected a committee
of college animal husbandrymen to
handle its research program, an
nounces Otto G. NobliS, president. The
appointees to this committee are Dr..
R. H. Nelson, Michigan State Univer-
sity, East Lansing; DR.. L. E. johnson,
Iowa State College, Ames, and Prof.
G. S. Bratcher, Oklahoma Ann Col
lege, Saltwater. These men are heads
of the departments of animal hus-
bandry at their institutions. In announc-
ing the research committee, Noblis
stated that a number of animal hus-
bandry departments of other land
grant colleges have volunteered to CO.
operate in the research work of the
association. The dwarfiSm pedigree
files of the association will be turned
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15
Calf, Veal Grade Name
Changed to Standard

THE GRADE name for vealers and
slaughter calves and veal and calf
carcasses has been changed from Com
mercial to Standard, according to
USDA announcement.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15
Prospects end CuffIemen':
Range Bulls !

CoNSlGNORS TO THE 18TH ANNUAL MONTANA
FUTURITY AND 10TH ANNUAL DILLON SALE
Montana farmer-stockman., 1956-10-15

42-October IS, 1856
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

1000
7-WreStline.
7 Hour. Live from Baltimore.
1854 900 Question. Quiz.
1880
4-Bie Town. Drama.
"Troin Wreck"
9-CeIebrity Playhouse.
For the Defense" A criminal
lawyer accepts q difficult cose.
Edword 6. Robinson. John Hoyt.
1900
4-News and Loeol News.
Horkness. Sproeue.
5-Motthew Worren. News.
7-News. Weather.
Rash. Allen.
9-News. Weather. Music.
Richards. Douglas. sleoel.
Halo
5-Feoturomo. Film Shorts.
Has
4-Weother. Sports. Music.
Strineer. Simpson. Les Paul.
7-BiIl Malone. Sports.
o-The Late Show. Movie.
"a Hours. None ShoII Escope."
1914. While an ex-Nozi stonds
trial, the ViIoeers relate stories
OF violence and terror. Alexon-
der Knox. Marsha Hunt.
l1:20
1.-The Night Show. Movie.
| Pa Hours. Port of New York"
1919. An agent is killed work.
ing on O narcotics cose. IUI
Brynner. Scott Brody.
1l:30
4-Tonisht. Variety.
12:l5
5-Thought. lnspirotionnl.
loo
9-Weother.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05
August 7
100

700
4.Supermon. Fontosy.
5-Steve Donovon. Action.
"ounfiohter's Return" Douglas
Kennedy.
7-Bryson Rosh. News.
9-Do You Trust Your Wife5
Quiz. Edgar Bergen.
7:o5
7-Jim Gibbons. Sports.
7:lS
7-John Dolly. News.
1880
4-Fronkie CorIe. Music.
5-Woterfront. Dromo.
"Worehouse Incident" Preston
Foster.
7-Worner Brothers. Drama.
Hour Cheyenne's idol betroys
his trust. Clint Walker.
o-Nome Thot Tune. Quiz.
7:45
4-John c. Swoyxe. News.
500
4-Deor Phoebe. Comedy.
Mickey dates rookie baseball
pitcher. Peter Lowford.
5-The Evening Movie.
"a Hours. "PiccodilIy Incident"
1916. A man in wartime Eng
land believes his wife decd. Anna
Neooe. Michael Wildino.
9.PhiI SilVers Show. Comedy.
"Rest Cure" Bilko plans to get
away from the heat.
$3.50
4-This Is Show Business.
Ponel Variety Show.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-05

7-Wyott Eorp. Western.
Two Civil Wor veterans ottempt
ronee war. Hugh O'erion.
9-iNovy Log. Drama.
Ninety boy Wonder" A. young
officer assumes command Of O
domoeed ship. Ron Ho9eerty.
900
E-Gneok Pre- law. Drama.
"CoroIyn." An octress inherits
three snnoIl children. Celeste
Holm.
T. (. Summer ORIGINALS.
The Grc"n Porrot \ bird be-
comes scientists worrisonne
charge. Cloude Douphin
9-4oe ond Mabel. Comedy.
Joe is hired 70 ploy q port in o
film Larry BIyden. Nto Tolbot
$50
4-circle Theoter. Drono.
Word Three -Four P. N. to Md
night" The pain, Joy and un-
certointY between being born ond
dying Mary Pickett Phillip Ab-
bolt.
5-Mosterpieee TheoSer.
| VI Hours. Unknown lsIond."
1913. Adventures land on on
island where prehistoric boasts
roam. Barton McLone.
7-c7yclcode TkeoteT. Drama.
THE Forge" EI,phoIet Rerine.
ton, the pioneer in monufoetur-
ing fireorms. George Noder.
9-3potlisht Playhouse.
Don't You Remember" The
story OF girl who never loses
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Review of 1856 Farm Price Trends
May Help Farmer Plan For 1857

spot in the 1856 Virginia farm pic
ture The wear started strong, and
except for a slight drop from March
into June. prices were above the
1858 level all the way However.
January was the high point and
prices never regained that high
level
Unusual strength showed up in
midsummer as the price moved up
stronger and earlier than in 1855 to
q September peak, second highest
polii; OF the year
At the years low in July. the
price held about So above the 1855
price
However. after the September sec
ondary peak was passed. the 1854
1853 trend was reversed, and the
1856 price took a longer drop into
November III the other years the
trends wefe definitely upward in the
last two months of the year.
Lambs Lambs swung back into
the 1874 price pattern. naturally not
conforming to the 1855 price line
which vas disrupted in the spring
by competing and depressing in
fluX OF California fed lambs
So, in 1856. the price peak came
IN May. in keeping with the usual
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
1856 Crop Report
1856 Crop Report
Value Up, Acreage Down For Crops
Harvested In Virginia This Year

Total value of the principa
crops harvested by Virginia farm
ers in 1856 is estimated to be
1922 077,o00, which is an increase
Of Is percent over 1855 and the
largest since 1852
The harvester acreage. exclud
ing apples and peaches totaled
1922 ,0G0 acres. a decrease Of
percent from 1855. Volume of
production amounted to 1890
900 tons compared with 4082 ,000
tons last year
The five leading crops in value
with percentages Of change from
1855 are as follows: tobacco, 500
$4,000 up Z percent. corn, S55,-
238 900, an increase of % percent
ray, 1852 900 down 10 percent:
peanuts, S28 100000 up 20 percent
apples. Sl9 $4,000. more than
twice the value of the short 1855
crop. Potatoes followed closely
after apples with S18,088,00 the
largest value since 1929. In acre
age harvested the five leading
crops were hay 1876 900 acres,
down 8 percent corn, $4,000
acres, down percent soybeans,
27l 900 acres. up IS percent;
wheat, 268,000 acres, up percent,
and oats, 10000 acres. down
percent.
The year 1856 was the most
favorable season for crop since
1851 and record large yields per
acre were made for corn wheat
barley. Soybeans and most types
Of tobacco. Crops made a slow
start due to the cold spring and
dry June, but weather conditions
except in few western and
southern counties were good dur
ing the remainder of the season.
The four decade general de-
cline in Vireinia's corn acreage
continues Acreage harvested in
1856 is estimated at $4,000 acres,
a decline Of 5 percent from 1855
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Proper program Of green
chOpping" can increase forage
yields considerably, but is
more prOfita bic for larger dairy
operators.

Pennsylvania and Michigan tests.
fIhe studies indicate, however,
that larger dairy operators may
profit more than smaller ones from
machine methods in feeding cattle,
and that green-chopping appears
to be particularly well adapted to
dairy farms that are short of crop
land relative to labor and COWS.
Thickness and skill in keeping
machinery in good working con-
oitfon become important considera-
tons. Highly productive forages
also are important. The investiga-
tors cite a Minnesota study which
suggests that tall, quick growing
crops such as sudan grass or oats
should be utilized as part of the
program for best results. In Michi-
gan, two Of the three farmers who
were most succ flu in their
green-chopping used sudan grass
as the major source Of forage.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Herald F arm News
Paper Company
Will Match
Pine Seedlings

Buckingham landowners an d
farmers will receive help this
year in planting pine seedlings.
according to an announcement Of
Crawley Williams, manager of
West Virginia Pulp and Paper
Company's Covington Mil.
He stated that application
forms for seedlings are available
at the company's pulpwood yard
near Dillwyn. The forms should
be filled out before December 81,
and Bill Terrell local manager
will send application forms to
anyone making a telephone re-
quest.
The seeding program is being
carried out on matching baS-
is For every seeding purchased
by landowner. the company will
furnish another Seeding free of
charge. Loblolly pine seedlings,
grown at state nurseries and to
be distributed at the pulpWood
yard, cost only 81 per thousand
Under the matching agreement,
the actual cost to the landowners
is reduced to 50 per thousand
seedlings. The cost may be re-
duced further by taking advant-
age OF ACP conservation funds
available through the local ACP
office.
The seedlings should be ready
for planting in about eight weeks
Late February is the most favora-
BILE planting time for pine in this
area
It takes about 1000 seedlings to
plant one acre, and one man can
easily plant one acre in a day
Properly planted, Loblolly pine
have a normal survival rate of
900 in this area.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
SPORTS
AFIELD
BY TED RESTING

twenty-five million fishermen and
hunters spent So billion for 500 mil
lion days of sport during 1855. These
figures are based on a survey re-
Gently completed by Crossley. SD
Surveys, Inc. under the direction Of
the Fish and Wildlife Service.
OF the 1855 estimate of 49, 1865. 900
individuals in America over IL. the
survey shows that one of each five
actually fished. hunted or did both,
during that year.
1t shows that 20.8l3 900 individu-
ais fished during 1855 OF these,
1877 900 required licenses an d
7.067 900 did not There were 49,
420O 900 fresh water fishermen and
4,577 600 salt water anglers. Their
combined expenditures totaled ST.
9l4 ,292 600 or an average of $9l SO
per person.
The survey brings out the fact
that 1l.784 900 individuals hunted
during 1855, and of this number.
9.951 900 required licenses while
1883 900 did not Hunters spent a
total of 1896, 687 900. or $40 40 per
person during 1855. The big-game
hunting total was 1923 900 900. or
S7279 each. small-game hunting
cost $494 033 600 or 5000 per per
son.
Rural areas supplied the largest
totals for numbers of fishermen,
with small cities and suburbs sec
ond. The IL to l7-year age group
showed the highest fishing and hunt
ing interest. with the 35- to 44-year
age group second.
III rural areas every other house
hold had a fisherman or hunter. A
breakdown by population densities
shows that II per cent of the popu-
lation of large cities. % per cent
of the population of suburbs. 81 per
cent of the population of towns and
as per cent OF the population of
rural areas hunt and-or fish.
The survey shows that 3l.6 per
cent CT all fishermen took trips of
more than one day, and 2O7 per
cent of all hunters took multiday
trips. Automobile expense. which
totaled 1865. 799 900 fo- hunting and
fishing combined. was calculated on
the basis of 3 ID cents mile for
actual operating costs gas, oil,
maintenance and tres, eliminating
eciation. insurance. license S
and so forth
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Zero Gruzinq UPS
Forage Yields
Green Chopping Has
Several Advantages

How does green chopping'' -
bringing the pasture to the cows
instead Of the cows to pasture
compare cost-wise with other dairy
herd feeding methods? To help find
the answer, economists of Michi-
gan State University. Pennsylvania
State University, and the US. De-
partment of Agriculture have
checked the experiences of 80 dairy
farmers in Michigan and Pennsyl-
vania in preliminary cooperative
research studies of expense and
income factors related to green
chopping
Results of these studies showed
that this m e t h O d - also called
zero grazing or "soiling'' - usu-
ally does increase forage yields
considerably. Increased yields with
green-chopping averaged about
double those from grazing in the
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28

making it the smallest for any
year since records began in 1866.
Yields on the other hand have
moved upward making t h e T
greatest gains during the past
decade.
With the exception Of oats,
1856 was a year of record high
yields for Virginias small grain
crops Wheat production from
26S,000 acres co m b ne d and
threshed is estimated at 1896 900
bushels, Yield per acre of 270
bushels is a new high record.
The 1856 growing season proved
unusually favorable for tobacco.
Record high yields were made for
flue- cured. fire-cured and hurley
types while Sun-cured yields was
the second highest of record The
flue-cured harvest was from ST.
600 acres, II percent under 1855
and the smallest for any year
oiiiSS ltS CqQdI al 1910. n lcIOl u
per-acre yield of 1875 pounds
gives a total production of 1877
OPS 900 pounds. making TIL S
years crop the third largest of
record. The estimated yield COM
pares with 1900 pounds in 1855
and tops the previous high in
1850 BY 200 pounds.
Fire-cured harvested acreage is
placed at $500 acres. 5 percent
less than in 1855. making it the
smallest of record Yield is esti-
mated at 1850 pounds, the high
est of any year for this crop Bur-
ley production is estimated at 20
100000 pounds from 10000 acres
harvested This was at record
high yield of 1000 pounds per
acre.
Sun-cured production at 3.648. :
GOO pounds is up II percent from
1855 although acreage is down "a
percent. The increase in total crop
poundage results from a heavy
yield Of ll40 pounds per acre.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28

only 5 pounds less than the record
IN 1851.
| Production of all hay crops
totaled 1892 900 tons. u percent
less than the record crop harvest
ed last year and 2 percent less
than average Yields of the prime
ipal hay crops We're less than a
year earlier The acreages harry
ested for~~ail except alfalfa were
smaller than in 1855. Alfalfa hay
production estimated at $4,000
tons. slightly less than a year ear
Her. was about one-third of the
total hay crop. Glover and TIM
othy production at $4,000 tons
was IL percent less than in 1855
while the lespedeZa hay crop at
$4,000 tons was fifth less than
year earlier.
Production Of potatoes in 1856
is estimated at 1874 900 hundred
weight, a reduction OF 7 percent
from last year. Both acreage and
yield per acre were slightly small
er than in 1855 AS result Of UNI
usually favorable prices, value Of
production reached total Of
sl8.08S 900, two and one-hah
times the 1855 figure This is the
highest value for potatoes since
1929.
The total value of commercial
vegetable crops for fresh markct
and processing including straw
berries but excluding potatoes
and sWeetpotatoes) adds TO Sl3,-
$4,000. an increase of 9 percent
over last year. Acreage of these
crops is estimated at 70130 acres.
a decline Of Is percent from 1855
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28

An amazing rise in farming ef-
ficiency and the resulting shift
OF the United States population
away from farming have resulted
in tripling Of the average Amer
leans standard of living in the
past century.
In 1850, two thirds of the pop
ulation lived on farms, and pro-
duced only one-seventeenth of
the gross national product.
Today, less than ne-seventh of
the population lives on farms,
and produces one seventeenth Of
the gross national produce.
Agriculture King in Pc
In Prince Edward county. how
ever agriculture is still the
principal industry. Per capita in
come figures. thus are off from
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Farm Income Compared
To Wuqe Eurninq

What are the income possibilities
of farming compared to other types
OF work?
That's one of the questions some
1000 Michigan farm boys ask
themselves each year in deciding
whether they stay on the farm.
James Nelson, agricultural
economist at Michigan State Uni
versity. reports that the average
net income was $2.87l last year
for group OF 500 farmers who
kept account records with MSU.
He defines net income as the farm
ers return for his labor, capital
and management. The avera age
working week for these farmers
was 81 hours and their average
capital investment was $4,000.
Nelson compares this farm in
come with that OF one alternative
to farming-Wage earning. The av-
erage weekly pay for wage earners
IN all Mlchigan nanufa curing In
dustries was sos for AZ hours of
work last year. Wage earners in
other types Of work received an
average of SOL for a 43-hour week.
Nelson estimates that a farmer
netting $500 year would have
to earn 500 week to have COM
parable living in town. The farmer
has the use OF the house on the
farm, can produce part of the fam
ily's food supply and has no trans
portation charges in going to work
On the other hand, the wage
Garner has no large capital invest
ment in his business.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-28
Increasing Farm Efficiency Brings
Overall Farm Population Decrease

the national, Or even the state
figures.
Nationally. measured in con-
slant 1855 dollars, the annual
disposable income per capita
amounted to $3.50 in 1850. s735 in
1900. $500 in 1850, and $3.50 in
1855.
Data compiled by the Virginia
department. of conservation and
development show 1850 per capita
income figures of 1887 for Prince
Edward. and Sl.146 for Virginia,
as compared with the $500 ma
tional total.
The difference is accounted for
largely by the production OF other
goods and services which give
wealth and variety to the Ameri-
can standard of living.
Efficiency Makes Shift Possible
Only the phenomenal rise in
the efficiency of the individual
American farmer, who continual
ly farms more acres per man.
hour, gets more produce per acre
planted. and more meat, milk and
eggs per bushel Of feed, has made
this shift possible.
Illustrating the rise In produc-
ton per acre. sback in 1850, 1914
acres of farm land were necessary
TO supply the agricultural needs
of each person. OF this, total, S
were harvested cropland.
Today, only 7 acres OF farm
land per capita are needed, and
only 2 Of these are harvested
cropland Yet more food is pro-
duced than can be consumed.
Depression years are all that
have broken the long term
Shrinkage of the percent of the
population still on the farm. The
number of individual farms &C
tually reached a peak of $4,000
in 1885. By 1854. however, this
total was down to 4,782 900 indi-
vidual farms, averaging over so
percent larger in size.
Amelia Follows Trend
These figures follow closely
what has been the trend in Amel-
la county Farm population there
has decreased from 7,449 in 1925
to 5,540 in 1850. The number of
I farms has dropped from the 1885
high Of ,535 to ,098 in 1850. The
land in farms has decreased from
the 1910 high Of 1902 acres to
l61 .695 in 1850.
Yet the average value per acre
For land and buildings has more
than tlipled the 1910 figure of
Sl3 At: $4544 More than half the
farms fall into the class of farms
with value of farm products
sold under $4,000. The largest
single classification. the other
farms" which account for 424 of
the 1898. include lis part time
farms with the operator either
reporting 100 days or more of Off
farm work. OF reporting other in
come exceeding The value of agri-
cultural products sold.
Such is the overall trend ma
tionally, but statisticians - and
farmers - are quick to point out
that there is no average farm
err" Each has his own set of pro-
blerns.
Combined figures. covering
century of American agriculture,
however, reveal the fundamental
secret of our soaring living stand
ards: an ever smaller minority of
the population is able to produce
ample foodstuffs for the entire
nation. An ever-larger majority is
free to produce other goods and
services, hosting the American
standard Of living ever higher.