davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-06-12

Association al Mary Washington
College, Fredericksburg. June lila.
Delegates include Kinsey Ba S
Green, Ellen Williams. Linda Per-
kins and Lorena Denton. Ellen Viii
lians chapter president, is attend
ing as ! candidate for state office
Mrs. Rebekah Cfump, chapter adj
visor. will accompany the delegates
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-06-12

officials OF the Census Bureau are
getting ready to count the people.
houses. incomes and even the kit
chen sinks of America come 1860.
Inquiries are now being made to
find out what questions users Of
Cehsls information wish to have
asked by the $50 900 "enumerators"
who will cover the country four
years from now.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-06-12
Scottsville

Vacation Bible School will be held
at Scottsville High School from
June IS through Friday, June %.
II is cooperative activity sponsor
ed by the local churches. The Rev.
Webster l.. Simons, Episcopal min
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-06-12
Powhatan To Send
4 Delegates To
State Convention

PoWhatan's Future Homemaker
Chapter will send four delegates 10
the eleventh annual convention Of
the Virginia Future Homemaker
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
Red China Sticks With Stain

that the bitter Kremlin at
tack on the memory of the
long-sainted Hero Stain has
caused deep cleavages among
the leaders Of the party in
nation after nation.
Red ranks will reunite. Of
course. as they always do.
even If a new bloody purge
is found necessary to make
the comrades conform. But
any split in the Red front is
encouraging to the Free World.
Coming at a time when the
Moscow bosses are going ale
out in their peace and CO.
existence drive, and while q
delegation Of United States
Air Force officers is now in
Moscow by Soviet invitation
to see the Red air show, Mr..
Dulles remarks serve the
valuable purpose of spotlight
ing the curious gaps and
chinks in the red false front.
Those flaws, easily over
looked, show all too clearly
that the new look is a phony
tactic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25

rightly, has rebuffed the sug-
geStions as they were made,
on the sound ground that until
Peiping shows it has sincere
intentions through the medium
of actual deeds, there is moth
ing to talk about.
Since the Kremlin inner
circle embarked on the anti
Stain campaign that has
astonished the world. the Chi
nese Red leaders have been
strangely silent and unwonted-
ly slow in getting aboard the
official party bandwagon. In
deed, there have been strong
indications that the worship
Of Stain in Red China is as
fervent today as it was three
years ago.
Mr.. Dulles, noting that the
Chinese Communists had out
done even the Russians in bru-
tally in the past, scored the
absence Of any Chinese re-
nunciation Of the rule Of force
in world relations. They could
at least profess" to renounce
force, as the latest Soviet boss
es have done. he reminded.
Here the Secretary was most
of all referring to the per-
sistent United States efforts to
get Peiping to pledge renun-
citation Of the use of force in
the matter Of Formosa.
II such a Chinese Commu-
mist pledge were to be given
in sincerity, Mr.. Dulles has
made plain his belief that
there might, at last, be some-
thing firm on which to base
formal talks with Chou.
There is considerable rea-
son to believe that the Chinese
Communist leadership is badly
split over the downgrading OF
Stain, and that it will take
some time for the issue to be
settled and the new line pro-
nounced.
The Free World can take
some comfort from the fact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
National Defense Appropriations

though, as recently as the Ko-
rean war experience, atomic
weapons and intercontinental
bomberS were not used and
land forces we're dominant.
The real difficulty today is
in the failure of the American
governmental system to fix
the responsibility for handling
the problem Of national de-
tense. Congress holds the
purse strings but it is also in
terfering in the planning. It
is actually questioning the
Judgment of the Joint Chiefs
and giving them more money
than they asked for without
surveying the whole problem
Of what is happening in West
ern Europe to weaken NATO
and to give the Communists
the edge on land warfare.
When Secretary Of Defense
Wilson. indiscreetly perhaps,
said the other day that the
fight over money looked to
him like a "phony" issue he
was undertaking the case. For
the illusion prevails on Capt.
toll Hill that a certain amount
of money spent for intercon-
tinental bombers will save the
situation. It's not one weapon
but a combination of all kinds
of forces that must be pro-
vided. The horrible facts are.
moreover, that Soviet Russia
knowing that atomic weap-
ons and hydrogen bombs will
not be used by her own mill
tary forces and hence the
allied nations would not use
them either-can sweep down
on Western Europe and gobble
up the continent. Since there
are no conventional armies
there large enough to stand
up against the Red armies,
Western Europe is at The
mercy of the Communists.
Britain, France, West Ger
many and the United States
are putting all their bets on
the new look"-atomic war
fare Strategy - while the
Kremlin knows that it, need
only to make sure nuclear war
is banned and the Soviet
dominates the military situa-
ton. Moscow can then intimi-
date France and Italy into
submission without firing q
shot. Neither Britain nor
America are today militarily
able to deter a land war in
Europe. It's the 1930s all over
again.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
Russia RepubIishes Works of Writer
Who Exposed Communist Mentality

are sold out as fast as they can
be printed.
New writer's, dealing with
highly subjective and personal
themes. are winning the pub
lie. And voices from the early
revolutionary days are being
revived from limbo.
One Of these is Vladimir
Mayakowski, whom I had the
pleasure of meeting in Mos
COW in 1923. At that time So
Wet writer's still felt it to be
their mission to measure the
performances of the commits
sars against the realities Of
human existences and fates.
The late '20s produced both
subtle and savage satirists, and
outstanding among these was
Mayakowski. who. in 1929.
completed a satirical drama
entitled THE Bug" (man-eat-
ing variety well-known in
Russia, which actually had
several performances in
Moscow.
Translated and reprinted in
the March-April number of Les
Temps Modernes, a French re-
view edited by Jean Paul Sar-
tire. and generally leftist, 1t is
q devastating revelation Of the
Communist Soviet mentality
and, in many respects. q pre-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
DOROTHY thompson
Rehabilitation of MoyukowsH

cursor Of George orwell's
1894"
The second part of Maya
kowski's drama plays in 1878,
when, although he shows many
things too have changed, none
is for the better.
Mayakowski committed sui
eide in 1880. This last OF his
works testifies that the most
gifted writer produced by the
revolution died in complete
establishment with an an
tagonism to the socialist state,
seeing not a ray of hope for
the future. Yet he is being re-
published in Russia, and is be-
ing widely read by Russian
youth.
Can this mean that the new
regime has decided to set free
the social and spiritual forces
in Russia, even at the risk that
it may result in a profound re-
evaluation Of the whole sys-
tenn?
Can it be that the new
leaders want to know what the
most gifted and imaginative
Russians freely think?
Do they have confidence that
such criticism can be checked
If it goes too far, or that a
private sector Of individual
thought and initiative is actu-
ally needful for the advance
ment of socialism itself?
How can the Mayakowski af-
fair be otherwise explained
We only wish we could hear
the opinion Of Mayakowskii
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
Auto Sufety Belt
is FutuI to Rider

PRINCETON. N. j.. June Is
IR).-A safety belt was the in
Istrument Of death for a New
York man who died yesterday
from car crash injuries.
Kurt Eichler. So. Of Flushing,
IN. Y, was riding last Thursday
in a 1856 Mercedes Benz driven
by his son Frank. 26.
The elder M. Eichler's seat
belt was either loose or worked
loose as the car crashed into an
Ioncoming auto. police said. He
slipped down and the safety belt
caught him on the throat, sever
ling his trachea.
Taken to Princeton Hospital.
the victim seemed to be recov-
ering after an operation, but
died yesterday morning. DR..
Leonard Berry listed the cause
Iof death as aSphyxiation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
CONSTANTINE BROWN.
Dulles SpotIights Curious Gaps
In False Front Of the Communists

Secretary Of State Dulles has
voiced a timely reminder to
the Free World that the Soviet
new look hasn't extended to
all the Communist world.
He made plain in his San
Francisco talk that Communist
China has up to now signally
failed to join in the present
Moscow campaign to disavow
the crimes Of Josef Stain and
especially to repudiate the use
of force in international re-
lationS.
Mr.. Dulles thus called at
tention to the realities in
volved in the confused, con-
Trajectory course which the
Red conspiracy appears to be
following these days. Red
China, next to the Soviet
Union Of course, is the mighti-
est bastion Of Communist
strength. It has been the
chief overt offender in the
matter Of aggression since
Mao Tse-tung and the willy
Chou En-lai consolidated their
victory over Free China.
And although Peiping made
a few empty gestures toward
the Kremlin's dove Of peace
and coexistence following the
Geneva Conference Of the Big
Four last year. there has been
no really significant change
in the old sabre-rattling tech
nique.
The talks between the Amer
lean and Red Chinese ENJOYS
in Geneva have been produc-
tive Of nothing concrete ex-
cept an already repudiated
Red pledge to release all
American prisoners held IL
legally.
Chou En-lai has indicated on
several occasions that what
Red China wants right now is
a formal meeting between Mr..
Dulles and himself on the
vague subject Of peace in the
Pacific. And Mr.. Dulles, quite
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25

Small and little-noted symp-
toms are sometimes more re-
vealing than larger events.
This is particularly true in the
Soviet Union.
For years literature has been
practically nonexistent in Rus
STA, a land that before the
revolution produced some Of
the worlds greatest writers, so
recognized in all Western coun-
tries. But in the Soviet Union,
under Stain, who added to his
omniscience the role of being
Russia's chief literary critic.
the writer was pressed into
the mold Of socialist realism"
extolling Soviet man." and
issuing fictionalized pep talks
on the beauty Of fulfilling pro-
uuCtlOn quotas.
Literate Russians have al
ways been great readers, and
today most Russians are
literate. But the assembly,
line hack-stuff Of contempt
rary writing increasingly failed
to appeal either to the edu-
Gated or the simple.
In Russia since Stains death
there is an enormous revival
Of interest in the Russian
classics and huge new editions
Of Dostoevsky. Turgenev,
Chekhov. Tolstoy and others
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
DORIS FLEEsoN
The Governors Conference

guess we don't need to worry
about that.
And by the way, you better
check the staff and see If
anybody's missing. Ayes hired
that writing whiz, Coughlan,
who used to be with the st.
Louis Post Dispatch, away
from Bob Meyner to write his
speeches.
Soapy says he'll fight, fight,
fight for principle on civil
rights and he's handing out a
powerful Michigan delegation
to guide the platform commit
tee. Ahem..
But he denies he's leading
any bloc that wants to start
the Civil War again and, force
the South to secede, and he
doesn't know of any. Also he's
willing to keep the naughty
word force" out Of the civil
rights plank.
In fact, he was so amiable
some reporters are calling him
a moderate. Nice, huh? Could
he wants to be Vice President,
do you think?
Now this one you'll really
like. Gov. Zimmerman of South
Carolina came in late and
jumped on the Unity band
wagon. He told reporters he
never threatened to bolt, he
just wants the South consid-
cred, that the only way to
deal with a mule was to get its
attention first. He's going
ahead with some "explora-
tions," but at least his hot
blood seems a little cooler.
Anyway, at this point there's
no one here but us moderates.
OF course it's early, the con-
ference doesn't start till to-
morrow and those reporters
are just getting up steam.
End of the news from Blair
crossroads on the first day Of
battle.
Tomorrow could be different.
Gov. Happy" Chandler has
arrived with Mama" from
what he always calls 1.-THE
Peoples House" in Frankfurt,
KY. and he's meeting the
press. too.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Gov. Lange Of Washington is named keynoter Of the
Republican convention Great honor Not only is he the first
speaker. he's the last one anybody listens to-
Senators yowl for Defense Secretary Wilson's scalp be-
cause he called their action "phony" Poor Wilson Too
earthly to be Republcanand too rich to be Democrat
Doctors that retirement kills The fellow
who fares best in retirement is the who made
e-time Of it.
Harry Trumans European tour In fact, the
farther Harry from the White House. the popular
he becomes.
Ike oveules Defense Wilson'S putting military
officers in civilian clothes That's the advantage general
in the White House. No civilian dallying these
command decisions
Democratic Senator Humphrey Ke's nvincibiliy
myth" Sure All the Democrats need to beat Ike is
another good candidate another good campanand another
good operation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
Stevenson Aide Bill Blair Observed
Casing the Joint From Strategic Spot

to use Chotiner to educate
their workers anymore after
that news broke.
But Mcclellan has more
dope on Chotiner, he told re-
porters, and there'll be more
hearings and more stories to
remind people that Chotiner is
Nixon's pal and chooses his
delegates for him.
Democrats seem to want to
play their cards close to their
chest. Our friends warned it
would be this way and said
not to try any fancy footwork
in public.
Well just have to depend on
our all-outers to beat the
drums for us. Mote: This
group includes Cows. Ribicoff
of Connecticut, Collins of Flor
ida, Freeman of Minnesota,
Simms of New Mexico. Hodges
of North Carolina and Roberts
of Rhode Island. Leader of
Pennsylvania belongs to it,
but is in Israeli
After all, if we did put the
arm on the people who say
they're for US but want to hold
back, we might turn up with
a majority of the q Demo-
cratic Governors. But a ma
jority of that majority might
be Southerners. That wouldn't
be so hot and here's why.
The vultures of the press
are all here, even the prima
donnas who don't condescend
to the sweaty primary rat
races. And are they working
hard to tell the world about
the North-South split on civil
rights!
So far Ave Gov. Harri-
mani has ducked ok, and
even Soapy (Michigan's pro-
labor governor) got smart.
Ave says he's going South
to meet all those friends he
has made through Union Pa
cific's subsidiaries there. I'm
less they've mended the road
beds since we got our bumps
and sprains this spring, I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25

ATLANTIC CITY, N. j.,
June 25.-A comfortable
couch in the lobby of the
Shelburne Hotel, strategically
placed between the front door
and the Diamond Jim Brady
Room where the 48 State
Governors are meeting the
press, was staked out today
by the Hon. William M. Blair
of Chicago.
Mr.. Blair is the well-known
poor mans Sherman Adams
who hopes that his boss,
Adlai Stevenson, can put him
at the center of the White
House web next January. In
the police vernacular, Bill
Blair is casing the joint" and
everybody stops to speak to
Bill.
Sometime late tonight he
will be telephoning Stevenson
initial impressions from Blair
crossroads which go like
this:
Republicans probably won't
make much news at this con-
ference. They still think they
can't win without Eisenhower,
so they profess to accept Len
Halls assurances it's Ike
Nixon again without fail. But
the second illness makes them
privately uneasy, and Gov.
Knight of California is still
sharpening his knife for his
fellow Californian, Nixon, Just
in case Of a tie.
What Knight did could get
attention, at that. He let fall
that he. Nixon and Bill Know
land each selected a third of
the California delegates to the
Republican convention with
Nixon letting Murray Chotiner
and Kyle Palmer choose his
third.
You know Chotiner was
Nixon's campaign manager,
that lawyer who is in trouble
with the Mcclellan committee
on tax cases he handled for
suspicious characters. Len Hall
said Republicans weren't going
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
DAVID LAWRENCE

responsibility in Govern
ment has rarely been more
acutely emphasized than to-
day in the behavior Of Con-
gress toward the executive in
the matter of national defense.
Theoretically the Joint
Chiefs of staff recommend to
the President what strategic
plans they have in mind to
defend the Nation and what
money is needed to buy weap-
ons and military power to
carry out those plans in the
event of war.
The recommendations of the
Joint Chiefs went to Congress
early this year. If the Joint
Chiefs didn't think the budget
was adequate they should have
said so in public and offered
their designations. But they
accepted the lump sum Of
about $35 billion. Then for
reasons not always clear to
the outside world members of
Congress, as always, began to
ferret out privately from sub
ordinate officers and former
officers various pieces of in
formation to use in confront
ing the Joint Chiefs in hear
ings before the committees.
What chief Of a military force
doesn't want more money? So
when asked if he could use
more, he usually says he can
If Congress wishes to appro-
pirate the extra funds.
Then comes the politics.
Anxious to develop a political
issue, the Democrats loudly
proclaim that national defense
has been neglected by the Re-
publican administration. Pro-
posals are then m a de to
increase the appropriations.
Republican Senators knowing
the pressures to which they
may be subjected back home
and not to be outdone by their
political rivals promptly an
nounce they, too. will vote for
increased appropriations.
Broadly speaking it is the
constitutional responsibility Of
Congress to provide for the
national defense. But in times
of completely such as today
when weapons and their use
are a matter Of technical
argument based on conf1den-
tial information of all kinds,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-25
Mutual Trust Is Believed Necessary
In These Days of Complex Weapons

either the Joint Chiefs Of STAFF
and the executive must be
trusted to say what is or is
not adequate or else all MILF
tary planning is relegated to
laymen sitting as members Of
congressional committees.
The taxpayers Of America
are entitled to all the facts
as to how and why Congress
is presumed into spending
more money than the execu-
tive has requested. Is there an
invisible system Of commune
cation between some subord-
mate members of the military
service and members Of Con-
gress and are some civilians
with perhaps a material in
terest in it all involved in any
way?
Plainly the existing system
is wrong. The British parlia-
mentary setup requires the
executive and legislative
branches to take joint re-
sponsibility before the people
and if the electorate loses con-
fidence in the existing regime
it can at any moment turn
the ruling group out of power.
But in America the Demo-
cratic Party as a result of the
tragic mistake Of the cleo
torate in November 1854 is in
control of the legislative
branch while the White House
is in the hands Of the Re-
publican Party.
Meanwhile national defense
is exploited as a political issue
and neither party ventures to
face up to the fundamental
issue which is that If more
Of the taxpayers money is
really available for armament
1t ought to be spent for con-
ventional arms and manpower.
For it is certain today that
Russia will never use atomic
weapons unless attacked with
these weapons and that the
Western allies today by putting
all their eggs in one basket
are planning only for nu-
clear war. The SovietS have
more than 10 million soldiers
under arms. a big navy of sub
marines and excellent defen-
sive airpower. Yet America is
ignoring the potentialities Of
amphibious and land warfare
in non-nuclear conflict even
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-06-15

THE SALE OF MILK and other dairy
products depends very largely upon
flavor and odor. Through the improve
ment of sanitary rules and regulations
the consumer, generally, is assured
of a wholesome milk supply, but too
often the milk may have Objectionable
flavors and od0rS.
So much emphasis has been given to
the problem of holding down the bac-
terial count in the past that many
dairymen may overlook the fact that
off-flavors and odors in our present.
day milk supply are seldom due to high
bacterial counts, as was not uncommon
years ago.
Before dairymen had modern facil-
tiles such as electric hot water tanks,
chemical sterilizing agents, detergent
washing compounds, electric hair clip
pers. mechanical refrigeration and
milking parlors, to aid them in limiting
the bacteria, the market milk often
contained 100, 900 to million organisms
per milliliter, which is about 1870 of
an ounce. Such milk sOurs readily and
may develop other undesirable flavors
and odors termed malty, bitter, cowy,
fishy, fruity and mOldy.
Today with modern equipment it is
not difficult to produce raw milk with
a count of less than 10000 organisms
per milliliter.
Bacteria and Flavor
To what extent bacterial action is
responsible for undesirable odors and
flavors in present-day milk is ques-
tionable. At dairy products show held
at Montana State College several years
ago the first prize milk from a flavor
standpoint had a bacterial count o.
&c, 900. In more recent years education
al milk scorings at dairy plants have
shown that milk with a relatively higl
bacterial count may score excellent
for flavor This would indicate tina
milk may contain a relatively larg
number of bacteria before developing
Objectionable flavors, OdorS or othe
abnormalities.
In tests at Iowa State College it wa
found that when sterile milk is inocula
ed with milk Souring organisms, tn
sour milk taste was not recognized III
til the bacteria count reached 80 millio
or more per milliliter. A slight rop
condition of the milk due to the il
PRODUCTION of the ropy milk organise
was observed when the count exceede