davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Two Versions of Crash

Extensive inquiry and legal proceed
ingS undoubtedly will be necessary to
establish the full truth and to fix reSpon-
sibility for the collision of the Andrea
Doria and the Stockholm 1t is not I'M
likely, in fact, that the truth may only
reveal there were failures, either mechan-
ical or human, on each of the big ships
before their tragic crash off Nantucket
Island shortly before midnight on July
25. But in submitting it's initial petition
to the United States District Court in
New York. the Swedish America Line
gave the first clear accounting of how
the crash could have happened and
according to the petitioner-did happen.
It's story, in brief, is that the ships
approached each other port to port-as
they should have done if following their
proper lanes under the other conditions
prevailing The Stockholm was tracking
the Doria on radar and, the petition con-
tinueS, went even farther to Starboard in
order to assure greater passing distance.
With the ships only two miles apart bow
to bow, the Swedish line charges that the
Doria inexplicably veered sharply to port,
in little more than a minute across the
Stockholm and left insufficient time for
the latter to avoid the collision. 1t is
version that explains, at least how the
impact could have occurred on the Doria's
starboard side-a circumstance hitherto
unexplained and literally impossible II
both vessels were on course.
The Italian Line since has made
counteraccusations of its own. Perhaps
its most telling charge is that the Stock
holm "was far of the usual and agreed
track for eaStbound vessels" Certainly
one or both Of the ships was of the usual
and agreed track" even before they
sighted each other, since the east and
west-bound lanes allow for passing dis
lance that would not have prompted the
Stockholm to make her own initial turn
to the starboard The Italian claim is
that the Stockholm was 20 miles north Of
its proper position and was also travelling
at an excessive rate of speed. Ships rec
ords and testimony under oath should
shed further light on these initial YER
sions. The Italian Line has pledged itself
to take all steps to see that the facts ARE
clearly and forcibly brought out" It Is
essential that his be done.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11

@. Does payment OF a spe-
cial delivery fee on mail insure
its delivery or provide for pay.
ment Of indemnity If 1t is
lost? r. s.
A. No The special delivery
fee covers nothing except i'm
mediate delivery. within specis
fed hours and within specified
delivery limits. at the ONCE Of
address. Money or other val
tables sent special delivery
should also be registered.
@. What is the origin Of the
English surname Cooper? S. o.
A. This is an occupational
name. One Of Us earliest hold
ers was Richard 10 Cupare 0the
cooper from the Latin word
cupa. meaning vessel. The
surname Covper Is q yaTiarA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11

White specimens of birds
and animals which usually are
dark colored always attract
attention.
Have you ever seen an
albino blackbird?" asks R. D. L.
of Bellmeade. Md. There is
a flock of blackbirds in our
nelghborhood and flying with
them is a bird exactly their
size and shape but a dirty
white in color.
1.-THE rest of the flock toler-
ates him. but the flock has
been observed fretting and
fussing at him."
The same thing occurs
among the gray squirrels when
a melanistic or black speci-
men comes into a neighbor-
hood, even more so with an
albino.
The gray squirrels usually
chase the black squirrel away.
If he is a good fighter and
stands his ground they learn
to tolerate him.
In our own block we have
had but one melanistic squir-
rel in a quarter Of century.
He was run away by the
native dozen in two days.
Every time he came to the
bird feeding station. where
there was plenty Of sunfiower
seed, one of the others would
take after him.
At first he resisted, fighting
back. but soon two or three
got after him at once. He
must have decided these were
too many, because he disap-
peared.
In some neighborhoods,
black squirrels abound. With
reinforcements, evidently. they
are able to hold their own.
The melanistic squirrel is
just one color phase Of the
yays.
So is the white form. usually
called albino, although a
specimen may not be true
albino.
Much the same holds good
with birds. Almost every
species has a white form,
every now and then.
White robins are not too un-
common.
1t has been estimated that
usually there are from two to
half a dozen white robins in
this vicinity every year. We
have yet TO see one.
Usually white specimens OF
birds ordinarily colored are. as
our correspondent describes
his. not a clear whIJe. but with
a few colored feathers.
Sometimes the common
sparrows have culls, or APP
proaches TO the albino form,
with few white feathers here
and there, or one white wing.
Readers may recall the ac-
count Of Whitley. the part
white sparrow. in these col
umns several years ago.
She had q great deal Of
white on her tail. and oFte
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
THE POLITICAL MILL
Platform Is Key to Democratic Harmony
By GOULD LINCOLN

ern Democrats have looked on
with favor is Adlai Stevenson.
They have regarded him as a
moderate" willing to listen to
them, in spite of his support of
the court decision. Even Ste
venson, with his impromptu
statement Of a few days ago
that the platform should ex-
press "unequivocal approval
of the court decision, almost
kicked over his apple cart.
When the Southern Demo-
Gratis are told they may have
to take Gov. Averell Hartman
of New York as head of the
party ticket. they start froth-
ing at the mouth. Yet the bat
tie for the nomination appears
to lie between Stevenson who
is a moderate" and Hartman
who denounces moderation.
saying the word has no place
in the Democratic dictionary.
Hartman W0Oing South
The Southern Democrats
this year have taken steps to
show a united front at the
convention. They have told
the Northerners they do not
wish to leave the party or its
candidates-but also that they
do not intend to be pushed
around. 1t is said they are
prepared to act as a unit
against a Hartman nomina-
ton. This should be to the
advantage first of Stevenson,
or second, of some compromise
candidate like Senator Stuart
Symington of Missouri.
Gov. Hartman, however, is
seeking to play footsie with
delegates of the South. He is
bent on making them believe
that he is not such a bad fell
low after all. When he arrived
here, instead of goingl Steven
son one better in devotion to
the Supreme Courts deseg-
regation decision, he backed
away from saying, as his rival
had done, that he was in favor
of having the party platform
give its approval to the courts
decision-in so many words.
He was asked repeatedly at
his first press conference if he
approved of the Stevenson
statement. All he would say
was that the court decision is
now the law of the land-and
let it go at that. Seemingly,
he takes it for granted that
his Northern supporters know
he is prepared to go full steam
ahead in bringing about en-
forcement of desegregation
everywhere. if he becomes
President.
In addition, he left up in
the air the suggestion he would
take the fight over the civil
rights plank to the floor OF
the convention, if the plank
was not as strong as the ADA
Americans for Democratic
Action and other Northern
organizations are demanding
1t is rather late in the day
for the New Yorker to try to
get into the good graces of the
Southern Democrats. He has
a record of earnest and force
full statements against mod
Grafton" in dealing with the
desegregation issue.
Hartman, however, is after
convention votes. He ,remem-
bers. too. that the Southern
ers will vote next November in
the presidential election.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Pension Ineouities


Congress enacted legislation
providing very generous re-
tirement benefits to them
selves and to Government en-
ployes who will retire on or
after November /, 1856. But.
as so often happens in such
far-reaching legislation, there
exist grievous and tragic omiS-
sionS in the bill. 1 refer par
ticularly to employees COM
PEELED to retire for disability
prior to that date. Since physi-
cal disability waits for no one,
these employees. through no
fault of their own, having re-
tired prior to that date are
being denied such benefits,
and in effect being penalized
for retiring too soon" AS an
example of the gross inequity
perpetrated by this bill, an
employe retired for disability
in May, 1856, with an average
salary of $1,000 annually, 10
years service, and a contribu-
ton of some $4,000 to the re-
tirement fund eceives a
m on t lilly pension of sos
whereas an individual retired
for disability after November
l, 1856, with the same average
salary. a like length of service
and a similar contribution to
the retirement fund will re-
ceive a monthly pension of
1888. Why this gross inequity?
/ doubt if our worthy Solons
have a logical answer to this
fantastic numbers game. 1t is
quite evident that the major
ity of the legislators were
simply not acquainted or not
concerned with the profound
implications of this legislation.
If it were not for the tragic
overtOnes inherent in the ex-
ample cited above, one might
label this as a Gilbert and Sui
Ivan parody on the obtuseneSs
of representative government.
1t is of course impossible to
exist on sos per month in these
inflated times, except perhaps
on the brink of poverty. No
one can rightly deny that
these public servants are en-
titled to live in serenity and
dignity. in the same manner
as their more fortunate col
leagues who in the event of
disablement after November /,
1856. will draw pensions two
to three times greater than
SOS.
The next Congress that con-
venes in January should con-
slider it a moral obligation to
correct this gross injustice and
provide retroactively, equal
retirement benefits to disabled
personnel who had the mis-
fortune of retiring too early"
Carl HaneS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Certainty

10 seems less than a moment
noD,
Since ledues green magic on
the Dough
Burst forth, vet here and
there ! yieu
Where dutumns paint has
spilled its hue.
Trees everywhere are family
tipped
Where spots OF red aud gold
hare dripped,
Which makes me realize hoD
strange
Tha. The one great certainty
Is change.
icon Meroord
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
STAR CONVENTION Blu.

STAR CONVENTION BU-
REAU, CHICAGO.-Party har-
mony, so earnestly desired by
the Democrats for the coming
presidential election, means
a satisfied South as well as a
satisfied North. 1t could be
knocked into a cooked hat.
first, by the adoption OF a
party platform approving"
the school desegregation deci-
sion of the Supreme Court,
and second, by the nomination
of a presidential candidate who
is considered an enemy OF the
South and its traditions.
For a week the resolutions
committee of the Democratic
National Convention has
worked on the platform. There
has been increasing belief that
it will be able to draft a civil
rights plank which the South
ern Democrats can swallow,
and the Northern Democrats
can accept without risking loss
of the Negro vote to the party.
Evidence of a willingness to
give as well as take has been
developed.
The desire to preserve a
united party has been the cause
of this era of comparatively
good feeling. Southern dele
gates are saying this is the first
time in years they have been
shown so much consideration.
Whether this good will can or
will persist through the con-
vention, which opens Monday,
remains to be seen.
May Be Challenged on Floor
Even if the resolutions COM
mittee reports a civil rights
plank regarded by both wings
of the party as a good compro-
mise, the chance exists it may
be challenged on the floor of
the convention. Should the
fight be carried to the floor,
there could be a repetition of
the disastrous row in the ma
tional convention of 1948. At
that time, the resolutions COM
mittee brought in a "satisfac-
tory civil rights plank. But
the convention itself adopted
more drastic substitute. Re-
subtitle Dixiecrat Party which
carried four Southern States.
The antisegregationists are
demanding inclusion in the
platform of language which
approves the Supreme Court
decision. This is the rock
on which the party may
split. The Southerners are not
willing to subscribe to a dec
laration that the Democratic
Party approves desegregation
and the courts decision. They
know it would cause Juror
back home.
Some of the Northern party
leaders. including former Pres
ident Truman. have said a civil
rights plank similar to those
of 1948 and 1852 will do. But
others contend the party plat
form cannot and should not
ignore what has happened
since 1852. They have in mind
the Supreme Courts decision
on segregation. The drafting
committee which can reconcile
these conflicting desires will
be a remarkable outfit. Some
one must give, if a party split
is to be avoided.
The one Northern Demo-
cratic candidate for the presi-
dental nomination the South
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES {. TRACEWELL

wing was partly white. Other
than these, her feathers were
orthodox English sparrow
style.
Owing to her particolor, she
was easily recognized, and
thus came to have a life Of
her own in peoples minds.
She lived in our yard until
nesting time, then went across
the street to build her nest.
Every summer she would do
this. but bring her babies back
to the old home grounds for
feeding, since she knew a fine
supply Of seeds and grains and
bread was always available.
She was last seen at her
usual duties, but what became
Of her we never knew.
Her life span was about six
years. the maximum being
about 10.
\ + +
There is small town out In
Illinois where there are hun
dreds Of albino squirrels.
Just how this Albinotown
was started, we do not know.
Photographs and accounts
do not show that these white
squirrels are any different
from the usual gray squirrels
except in coloration.
Explorers say that albino
penguins are pecked to death.
not only by other mothers. but
by their own.
In nature, TO be different
is bad.
Peoples and countries re-
sentful Of nonconformity are
doing what nature, for some
queer reason of her own, tells
them TO do.
being really has to be civilized
and to exert real mind power
to be individual in appearance
clothing. talk and deeds.
II he is. he must expect
to pay some sort Of penalty for
his daring, and he usually does.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
View of Hiuh Bench

In letter to The Star, S. D.
Garthoff makes the following
statements: The Supreme
Court is the legal interpreter
of the Federal Constitution,
and, as such, its decisions are
final and binding. both legally
and morally and, time
could best be used in an at
tempt to find the most logical
solution to the problem of
racial indignation rather than
spent in futile efforts to upset
the decree or circumvent it.
These two statements, l would
say. represent a rather fan
taStic point of view concerning
the role of the Supreme Court,
since that body made its latest
ruling on racial indignation.
The gist of this attitude, as
revealed by Mr.. Garthoff's
statements, is that the SUI
preme Court is some sort of
super agency, composed of
gods. whose decisions transcend
even human morality, and that
these decisions are irrevocable.
The Supreme Court was
created by the makers of the
Constitution as part of their
attempt to set up friction be-
tween the various departments
of the Government, in order to
avoid the tyranny of any one
branch. This is the sort of
knowledge that even high
school children possess. In
fact, the role of the Supreme
Court was in no way outlined
by the makers of the ConStitu-
ton. but it is obvious from the
tenor of the entire document.
and from the motivation of its
trainers. that no such judicial
tyranny as Mr.. Garthoff advo-
Gates was contemplated, nor
has the Supreme Court func-
toned in that way. despite
the popular notion that it is
the final artiter of the land.
AS for the irrevocable ma
ture of the Supreme Courts
decisions. that is unadulterated
bunk which can spring only
from ignorance Of United
States history. Surely the
people who today advocate
racial indignation would not
have us look to the bred Scott
decision, which the Supreme
Court handed down in 1857.
and which denied a Negro
slave the rights of citizenship,
and barely considered him a
human being, with the same
reverent holiness with which
they would invest the racial
indignation decision? In fact,
the Civil War, which advo-
Gates of racial indignation
surely feel was a good thing,
was fought in direct viola
ton of the interpretations of
the Supreme Court; and the
holocaust which it produced,
in defying the ruling of the
Supreme Court, was certainly
as great as anything which
the Southern States today
threaten.
Following the Civil War. the
Supreme Court reversed itself
three times as to whether the
Federal and State govern
ments could fix carrying rates
on railroads. There was nothing
irrevocable about the Supreme
Court here. One could multiply
the examples indefinitely.
In short, / am not taking a
stand on the racial issue. nor
do / advocate the forceful re-
sistance of individuals or
groups of individuals to laws.
However. 1 fail to see why. if
a particular law, or a particu-
lar Interpretation of a law. is
found by certain people to be
unfair, or unjust. or foolish.
they should not be allowed the
time-honored right Of Ameri-
can citizens since 1888 of try
ing to change it.
B. p. Herman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Change in Peru

I wish to congratulate The
Star for the very encouraging
concepts and ideas contained
in its August 6 editorial,
Change in Peru" discussing
the democratic change that
took place in Peru.
For a long time we have
felt the need to have a repre-
sentative of the Washington
press praise events which tend
to establish a true democracy
in the Latin American coun-
tries. The people of these
countries. suffering under the
weight of the so-called strong
governments. hope not only
for economic assistance from
Washington but, within the
limits Of international self
respect. for assistance in the
establishment of democratic
systems all over America.
We must not overlook the
fact that to fight for political
system we must know it and
enjoy it. Therefore, it must
be kept in mind that the new
Latin American generations
must know what a real demo-
cratic system is to enable them
to support enthusiastically and
sincerely the cause of the West
against communism. Every step
towards a true democracy will
contribute to the theological
and material defeat of interna-
tional communism in this i'm
portant part of the world.
I hope that the United States
press will follow the example
set by The Star, which in it's
editorial shows a deep knowl-
edge of the true political stu
alton in many of the Latin
American countries.
Manuel COrderO.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11

ant saving in cost. This would be
pilot project" the success of which could
lead to extension of the program during
the oncoming era of elevated belt
highway construction in the Washington
area.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Georgetown Changes

Silk-curtained garage door
windows is the new motif in
Georgetown architecture re-
sulting from the arbitrary de-
cree that a garage must be
built into every new house. The
euphemism "off-street park
ing is a delusion: but pain
fully real is the sacrifice of
beautiful and interesting archi-
tectural details. light, air,
space and trees in Georgetown
TO a dreary eye-patch effect
on a monotonous three-story
structure.
In addition to destroying
architectural beauty, the off,
street parking requirement in
Georgetown has increased
parking problems for the
simple reason that each
built-in garage eliminates a
parking space on the street in
front Of such garage"
The penalty is IS for using
the street in front Of the
garage" in these new three
story Cor two-storyl structures
even though the owner does
not have an automobile and
is out Of the city for several
weeks.
Zoning regulations making
compulsory built-in garages in
every new house have gained
nothing for Georgetown but
ugliness and apartment Mouse
frontages. The most talented
architect and the strictest
builder is helpless as long as
this coming regulation remains
in effect.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
LETTERS TO THE STAR.

Pen names may be used IL
letters carry tDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
SQtton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
His Top Two

II the Republicans really
want to win. they should give
us for Vice President the one
man whose wisdom. integrity
and popularity is not exceeded
by even that Of the President.
Dwight d. Eisenhower and
J Edgar Hoover would make
an unbeatable ticket.
Independent Voter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-11
Questions and Answers
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

A reader can gei 40 Nnswei u an,
tActual question ~ writing The
Evening star Information bureau
1900 Eye 81 NV Washinat0n
y { please nclnsf cent? Tor ~.
turn postage
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27
IColored--Open Sunday, 90
10 BUCHANAN ST NE

IMAGINE THIS. LIKE NEW
Semidet., modern brick 6-rn1 home:
concrete front porch. llv. rm, din.
rm., equip kit, 3 bedrms and bath:
ltull bsmt rec. rm, gas heat; fenced
yard Reasonable terms
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27

3-BEDRM., 2Is-BATH RAMBLER
Full bsmt. gear Oct. garage. lge
corner lot with beautiful trees
owner will sell either with adjoin.
ing wooded lot or separately: gooc
location, lust beyond Kenwood
priced very reaS OIL 4-hn2n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27
HOUSES FOR sALE-Mp.

HOUSES BY HUGHES-chsrmine
red brick English cottage. Really
from Rhode Island ave. streetcar
line, stunning little home; yours
at Sl0.500; low down payment.
W. r. HUGHES CO.. AP. 7-1400
MI n m
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27
COLORED
STANDARDIZED BRICK
COLORED-GI-$12,4 400

Attractive semidet. brick home.
level fenced lot, newly DEC. through
out. many extras. near bus and shop.
PAYMENTS less than rent. Call Mr..
Slower.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27
CHEVY CHASE, MD.
35l2 TURNER LANE
VAcANT

~ S,DuO--NALANT
Open Sun, 2-6-ia-acre lot
large, older. white frame Colonial
u rooms. .through-hall plan. immense
side porch; new gas INV h. furnace
new root, Liy rm. and din. rm
approx. 25 II. each. Assume $4,000
loan; owner will hold small seconC
trust. Out Conn to Chevy CHASE
circle, right on Western 10 Brook.
Vile I'd, left on Brookville about
] mi. to Turner lane, right to prop.
erty. Mrs Whitfield. OIL. 6-2250.
CHESTER H. KELLER
Ill h.alnn Realfnr III E-fnf
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27

BURNT Mills VILLAGE = Laree
custom brick center-hall rambler
immense liv. rm. with corner fire.
place, separate din. rm. opening
onto screened porch, I5-ft, kit
> twin-size bedrms, 2 full baths,
tull basement; garage. A. J. KES-
SINGER 81 CO. III Q-4hA4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27

BkOOKDALE-S19,950 An OUT
standing value in a neiehborhood
brick Colonial with powder rn' on
LIST floor. owners illness forced inn
med. sale at this sacrifice price
Only ! blk. from D. c. transp. and
a short walk to Woodie's and Oh.
On shop; center. c. B. WYVILL,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-27

CHEVY CHASE = Handsome yhite
brk, residence. in beautiful setting
> bedrms., den, ga baths; priced
IN 3gs, MAKE OFFER. FRANK S.
PHILLIPS, d. 7-14ll; ewes, re