davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
,AYLD LAWRENCE
Flaw in MiIitory-CiviIian Setup

Of economy, as this is q 'busi-
nessman's administration" The
connotation is unfortunate. for
the implication is that bust
nessmen aren't as interested in
military security as are the
generals. In this case the Sec
rotary of Defense, a business
man, relied on the military
advice of Gen. Eisenhower. a
military man Of distinction,
who overruled Gen. Ridgway.
If anybody is interested in
the tendency in Washington
to weigh military appropria-
tons in the light of "calcu-
lated risks" on the one hand.
and the necessity, on the other
hand, of not spending beyond
what the Nation can afford.
the published record of the
Truma administration is
revealing.
Gen. Bradley. former chair
man of the Joint Chiefs. said
on May is. 1852:
THE Joint Chiefs of Staff
are not unaware of the eco
nomic implications of the de-
tense program. We realize that
a strong economy and a pro-
gresSive and growing produc-
ton capacity Is the backbone
Of long-range defense. But we
ourselves do not have the train
ing, nor do we have the eco
nomic or industrial advisers
to decide the limits of our ma
tional bankroll or productive
capacity"
In another speech. on Oc-
tober IL. 1949, Gen. Bradley
said:
I'VE must continue to pro-
vide even these new require
ments out Of a limited arms
budget. while our economy con-
tinues to strengthen. For a
strong economy is our best
resource against the onslaught
of the poison of communism"
What Gen. Ridgway discloses
now on the conflict between
the military and the Budget
Bureau isn't new. but the fact
that. he didn't feel he should
issue a public protest two years
ago, because of the risk of be-
ing removed, sheds new light
on the operations of the mill
tary man versus the civilian
in the National Government
today.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Freedom From Thought in Russia

at tables spoke, If at all,
laconically.
Thought and its expression
are inextricable. If people
don't express their thoughts
and feelings, by and by they
don't think or feel. They can't.
Some people obviously must
think in the Soviet Union even
If they too regard the founda-
tons of the perfect social
order as fixed for all time.
The men directing foreign
policy seem to be thinking
more acutely than their West
ern counterparts. Russian
scientists must think with a
considerable -mindedness
or there would be no Russian
science.
But thinking appears to be
confined to a small category
Of persons, operating within
the limitations Of their func-
lions. The broad masses" and
even the lower categories Of
the upper hierarchy have been
freed of this burden-and
thereby freed of freedom. The
terrible thing is that they
appear not to suffer from the
loss.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

The Soviet economic cam
paign directed at undeveloped
countries is In full swing. 1t
consists principally of prom
ises, which we doubt can ever
be fulfilled.
A Soviet ambassador has
just arrived in Tripoli. AS soon
as his feet hit firm ground he
started promising economic
and other support to make the
country a genuine free and
independent state"
Premier Bulganin has
adopted the Stain trick of US
ing interviews in areas des-
tined to be propagandized by
the USSR. He selected a Latin
American magazine published
in New York to tell in question
and-answer form the great
advantages all South America
could derive from Soviet eco
nomic assistance and exchange
Of goods.
At present only three re-
publics south of the Rio
Grande have diplomatic rela-
lions with Moscow. But Com
rade Bulganin said that could
be remedied easily when the
Latin countries begin to trade
with the USSR and its sat-
elites.
The Latin countries are
bothered by internal difficult
ties. SURPRISES and imitation.
But the Soviet premier offered
to sell or barter products which
at best exist only in limited
quantities in the USSR. These
include capital equipment and
oil-industry equipment which
Russia is still trying to import
from Britain and West Ger
many. Also offered we're auto
mobiles, which the USSR pro-
duces in such limited quanti-
ties that even the few citizens
who can afford them have to
wait two or three years for
delivery.
In exchange the Russians
are willing to take anything
the Latin countries can offer,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
Soviets Specializing in Promises

freedom. Yet we generally
come out only second best.
The days between World
Wars / and II when American
assistance and friendship were
eagerly sought by all free peo-
Piles seem to have vanished.
For more than 10 years our
foreign aid policies have been
such that we have educated
the whole world to look to
American help as q right and
not a privilege. /.
In the past. American pres-
tige was at its highest in un-
developed countries such as
the Arab republics. But they
have now discovered that all
they have to do to get us into
competitive tantrums is to play
footsie with the SovietS. For
years we turned q deaf ear to
Egypt's pleas to help build the
Aswan dam. But no sooner did
the Soviet ambassador to Cairo
suggest without much founda.
tom that the USSR would be
glad to build the dam which
ultimately will cost upward Of
81 billion than we rushed into
the breach.
We could have done that
earlier with signal political adj
vantages for the free world.
But our foreign policy makers
can never be charged with be-
ing imaginative. Besieged with
so many trends in this coun-
try and among our closest al
lies. they feel compelled to play
an international game of "fol-
low the leader" to the Krem-
Inns great delight.
There is little likelihood that
the USSR wishes to measure
its military strength with this
country in the near future.
The risk to the Red regime and
its empire. held togather by
mere force. Is too great for
such a venture. But small wars,
costly to this country, seem in,
evitable. The strategy Of the
Bulganin- Khrushchev am
appears to be to try to place
this country eventually in o
serious economic predicament
by vast armament expenditures
and continued large give.
aways to all corners.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
Select Few Apparently Spare Masses
From Burdensome Chore of Thinkino

about prices in general-theSe
do seem to concern the ordi-
nary Russian. What does not
apparently concern him is
what one thinks.
Nor was it possible for me
to find out what any Russian
thinks about anything-even
such matters as why the price
of clothes should be so pre-
posterous. There was always
an answer If / raised such a
why" question, but it was
spoken out of a catechism. If
suggested a possible alterna-
tive answer. the subject was
dropped with no show of in
terest.
l did not have the impress
sion that Russians were afraid
to converse frankly. I felt the
condition to be different-and
worse. Fear of expressing a
personal opinion indicates at
least that one has one. My
impression was that the Rus
sian people, from whatever else
they may suffer, have perfect
peace of mind-and that it
is awful.
Thinking for oneself is often
painful. But. as st. Augustine
said, THE highest felicity of
man consists in the specula-
ton through which he is seek
ing the knowledge of truth"
The speculation invites the in
terplay Of other minds; and
among other things-sharpens
wit from the invitation to use
ones wits.
II there is any mental
vivacity in Russia, I did not
encounter it. In the Moscow
theaters, people laugh at
comic figures and witty sallies.
But the stage belongs, it seems,
in the land Of fantasy, with
out bearing upon real life. In
the refreshment rooms, dur
ing the pauses, people gathered
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
DORIS FLEESON
Lite and Look Articles Dealing
With Top Policy Are Compared

AS Secretary of State Dulles
teetered on his famous brink
Of war" at an uncomfortable
press conference. it developed
that administration spokesman
had already taken the country
in print to the same brink and
snatched it back Just in time.
Secretary Dulles stood on
the brink with James Shepley,
head of the Time -Life bureau
here, in the current issue Of
Life. On February %, 1855,
the administration stood on
the brink with Fletcher Knebel
In Look which described much
the same set of circumstances
in the same glowing terms.
One principal difference be-
tween the two accounts is that
President Eisenhower got most
Of the credit in Look. which
headlined its story: Now 1t
Can Be Told: We Nearly Went
to War Three Times Last
Year"
Life went about for Dulles
"How Dulles Averted War;
Three Times, New Disclosures
Show, He Brought U. S. Back
From the Brink" Life head
lines read.
Publisher Luce of Time-Life
and the Cowles Brothers,
publishers of the Des Moines
Register Co. newspapers and
Cowles magazines including
Look. are Eisenhower support
ers and their publications are
friendly to the administration.
The President appointed the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
The Big Lie Paying OFT for KremIin
In Economics as Well as Politics
CONSTANTINE BROWN

including wheat Of which the
Soviets have a substantial sur
plus in good years.
The men in the Kremlin
learned during their visit to
India and Burma that the
big lie pays in economics as
well as in politics. The dazzling
promises made by the Bull
ganin-K hrushchev team in
New Delhi that the USSR will
help India establish aluminium
and steel plants worth $3.50
million have been hailed as. a
milestone in midas contem-
porary history and a mark
of deep Soyiet-Indian friend
ship.
The $500 million already
spent in India by the United
States is apparently regarded
as a matter-of-fact occurrence.
Somehow or other many coun-
tries which receive American
assistance consider our sacri-
fees as something to which
they have right. But any
Soviet gesture is regarded as
a great favor.
This reporter was in Mar
settles. France, in 1947 when
a Soviet tramp steamer
carrying about 1000 tons Of
-four arrived. She was i'm
mediately admitted to the
inner harbor. A win d'honeur"
champagne, hors d'oeuvres
and speeches) was offered to
the Red officers and crew by
the mayor who wore his frock
coat and tricolor scarf in
dicating his Office. In the
outer harbor were five large
American cargo ships carry
ing some $4,000 tons Of wheat
for the hungry French popula-
ton. Nobody paid the slightest
attention to them.
The present Soviet regime
has discovered more than the
previous one that this COM
petitive policy with the United
States on aid causes us to
pour out many more billions
for the sake of survival of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

then Mrs. Gardner Cowles as
an American representative to
Queen Elizabeth's coronation.
Mrs. Luce is serving under
Secretary Dulles as Ambas-
sador to Italy.
Look listed Formosa, Korea.
Indo-China and a Knowland
proposal to blockade Red
China as scenes of crisis in
which the President decisively
interviewed to stave off war.
Its account does not SUBJ
stantially differ from the Life
portrayals of the Korea, Indo-
China and Formosa situations
in which Dulles is given so
much credit.
But Life has quoted Secre-
tary Dulles directly and in a
most controversial manner
which has alarmed our allies
and given the Soviet Union a
propaganda advantage. Ac-
cording to Mr.. Shepley, Dulles
declared, "The ability to get
TO the verge without getting
into the war is the necessary
art"
Press opinion in which the
Republican New York Herald
Tribune has Joined backs
the contention of Democratic
Senators that Dulles also erred
in matters of fact as stated
in the article.
Dulles conceded nothing in
his press conference with one
important exception. Instead
with the aid of a flood of
words he tried hard to do
three things: % Retain the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Herbert Hoover Ike ought to again Ike appreciates
the compliment but he does he trusts Mr. Hoover will
retire to neutral corner
Democrats they hesitate nominate new face for
President face would look Of place surrounded by
lot of old. beat-up issues
Citizens group reforms for
campaign This committee is to be confused with much
larger called Citizens for Esenhower-and Against the
Republican Party"
Two ministers hold rival services In the Brooklyn
church Let's fellow gets married by both preach
he guilty Of bigamyor Just the usual Judgment?
Secretary Dulles must be ready to fight to deter
aggessors Republicans don't mind Dulles smoking the
pipe much but they wish he'd quit hng the matches at
the ammunition
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

Gen. Matthew Ridgway is a
fine officer and a man Of cour-
age, but there is something
wrong with a system that only
now - after his retirement -
permits him to reveal to the
American people his dissent
from the decisions Of the
administration as to the size
of the Army.
Wouldn't it have been better
for the general to have told a
committee of Congress his
views and to have insisted that
they be made public. or else
resigned? Why should his i'm
portant points on military pol
icy be published in January,
1856. in the Saturday Eve
ming Post, when the Congress
and the people were really en-
titled to these views two years
ago?
Why does the general dis
close now that he was
shocked" two years ago when
the Presidents message re-
ferred to the recommendations
Of the Joint Chiefs as "unani-
nous? Why wasn't Gen.
.Ridgway able to reveal pub
licly then his sense of shock,
especially If somewhere be-
tween the Defense Department
and the White House staff a
clumsy liaison led to a mis-
understanding Of the difference
between concurrence" on a
substantial number of provi-
sions of a military program"
and "unanimity" on every de-
tail Of the recommendations?
The answer to all these
questions is to be found in the
blunder made by Congress it
self when 1t passed the So
called "uniflcation" law which
put the members of the Joint
Chiefs Of Staff under the
Secretary Of Defense, thus re-
moving them entirely from
the position they had before
In being responsible directly
to the Commander in Chief.
While it is true that the Joint
Chiefs do have informal &C.
cess today to the President
whenever they want it, this is
not the same thing as report
ing directly to the President,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
Putting Joint Chiefs Under Defense
Blamed for Ridqwoy's Long Silence

as was the case throughout
the previous history Of the
armed services, especially in
critical periods.
Intimidation of military Of
ficers for expressing their
viewpoints forthrightly began
under the Truman admins
tration. When in l949 Admiral
Louis E. Denfeld, Chief of Ma
val Operations, dissented at
the meetings of the Joint
Chiefs on various military
questions and was called later
to testify before congressional
committees. he was summarily
removed by order of President
Truman. Notwithstanding the
fact that Congress is a CO.
ordinate branch of the Gov
eminent and the criminal code
bars any punishment for Civ
ing testimony to Congress.
Likewise. when Gen. Mac
Arthur differed from the view
point of the Joint Chiefs and
carried his case to President
Truman during the Korean
War, i'll feelings were stirred
UP and he was subsequently
dismissed without even a hear
ing. The champions Of civil
liberties" for dismissed en-
ployes Of the Government-in-
Guiding Secretary of State
Acheson and Averell Hartman,
who participate d in the
humiliating episode were
silent then.
The complaint was that
Macarthur had written a let
ter to a member of Congress
expressing his opinion on a
matter of governmental pol
icy. This was only a trumped-
up excuse for firing Mac
Arthur, as the truth was the
Truman regime didn't like his
candid expression of opinions
in dissent on military policy.
1t again punished a military
man for daring to give his
views to members Of a CO.
ordinate branch of the Gov
eminent.
Gen. Ridgway, in his article
in the Saturday Evening Post,
says that he was asked to sub
ordinate his views on the size
of the Army to considerations
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

In the reports I have been
writing on Russia, I realize
that I have spoken much
about my own reactions and
feelings. This is, I think. part
OF the reportorial picture.
The Russian atmosphere is
passing strange. have been in
many places outwardly much
stranger to a Westerner than
Leningrad or Moscow-in Ben
gazi, in Libya, for instance,
where some years ago I had
a conversation with King Idris
I. He belongs to a world far
removed from anything / had
known. But we talked of world
religions; there was an ex-
change of ideas; and in 10
minutes I felt stimulated and
at home.
Nowhere have I felt as I did
in Russia that an invisible veil
separated me from my sur
rounding fellow men-people
who belong to a European race,
who had read many of the
same books, heard the same
music, seen the same plays as i.
1t is rather like being an out
slider among initiates of some
esoteric cult.
In looking back upon my
visit realize that with no one
did I ever exchange an idea.
] asked questions of Russians
that elsewhere would have led
to animated discussion, but
nothing ensued.
The questions ! was asked
about America never concerned
what Americans believe in. l
ended up in Russia after visit
ing halt a dozen European
capitals and other cities. When
I volunteered this information,
nobody inquired what l had
observed OF the social and
economic problems of these
countries. or how they were
meeting them.
l was asked how many rooms
/ live In. what they cost. and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
DORIS FLEESON
To the Brink and Back Aqoin

credit for averting war. ca
Disavow the exact language
of the interview. 90 Not dis
avow the interviewer, Mr..
Shepley. At one point he was
saying that a quote from him
was substantially correct.
He refused absolutely to
separate his quotes from
Shepley's quotes.
The exception noted above
was his admission that the
Life interview was tape
recorded. Asking if the press
might hear the recording. he
snapped his only terse reply.
He said mol"
Thus the means exists for
Publisher Luce to defend the
integrity of his magazine and
the professional standing of
his reporter. The tape record
ing. Of course. would show
which one-interviewer or in
terviewee-is confused.
Vice President Nixon is now
on record as saying it's all
yackety-yack and the people
don't care as long as we are
at peace. In the cloakrooms
some Republicans put it an
other way. They are saying
with equal cynicism that
Dulles may be guilty Of bad
history but it's good politics.
Reaction abroad, especially
unfavorable in Great Britain
where Dulles is widely dis
trusted. and the anger Of
Democrats who feel betrayed
by such obvious politicking In
foreign policy, make this
assertion questionable. Conf
dence thus lost by Secretary
Of State Is not so easily
regained.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

German interests. Judges from
Britain, italy. Belgium. The
Netherlands and Luxembourg
will referee any rows between
individuals. groups and parties
arising out Of the Saarland's
changing alignment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
|Suur Tribunal PIunned

LONDON. Jan. 10 R.-The
Council of~the Western European
Union intends to set UP a tri-
bunal in the Saar to settle dis
putes there between French and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18
Soviet Conference
Seeks More Crops

MOSCOW, Jan. Is R.-
Young farmers from Siberia and
Central Asia are arriving for a
Kremlin conference on the
Soviet Unions ambitious drive to
put unused and virgin lands in
the east under grain crops.
Komsomol Pravda. the Soviet
youth paper. announced arrival
of a vanguard Of 1872 delegates
from the Kustanai region repre-
senting "a new state farms
scattered over 1875 million acres
Of territory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-18

You asked for the right TO
vote. Now you can do sO-if
you register at the District
Building. IT'S time 10 qualify.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1956-10-25

GOOD EIGHT room house, good
well and cistern, gas and cleo
trio lights. Good location. Priced
very reasonably.
WELL, IT'S A BARGAIN 10
acre farm, Is minutes drive
from Caldwell. All farm build
ings necessary. Livestock: eight
head of milk cows, six in produc-
ton. Milk truck picks up milk
every day. Good team of horses,
all machinery and farm imple-
ments will go. All you have to
do is step in and take possession.
Everything on farm goes except
auto and a few carpenter tools.
Better see us at once. A wonder
'ful bargain.
GOOD FARM located on State
route. One tract includes 48
acres and one 81 acres, totaling
1875 acres. Fart can be divided if
you want small farm.
A MODERN six room house, full
basement with laundry room
and garage. A Is minute drive
from Caldwell.
We are ready to talk to you
about any real estate you may
have for sale.
HOWARD M. STIAFER, Realtor
526 North Street, Caldwell, Ohio
Phone 333
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1956-10-25

| STILL HAVE a number of
items in my store that must be
sold at drastically reduced prices
They include: mems one buckle
articS, Sl.00; mems four buckle
artics, size six, $500; mems navy
coats, one-half price; army over
coats, one-half price: shirts, $l.19
for boys, and Sl.00 for men.
Mems and boys overalls at
cost; boys low and high top
shoes, one-half price; Women's
coats, one-half price; women's
felt lined shoes, one-half price,
mems and ladies' rubber over
shoes, $l.00; childrens under,
wear, one-half price.
Knit hoods, 25c, valued to 81
seven-inch stove pipe elbows
Csc: stone jars and jugs, l5c gal.
Ion: heating stove; double shovel
ploW; five-shovel cultivator; three
show cases.
Two burner gas plate, $500
three double spring steel traps
SlO0; two knives for sausage
mill, and many other articles toe
numerous to mention. II. W
Mason, Elk, Ohio, or Caldwell
route |. Located six miles below
Carlisle on State Route $50.
Is II l8pd
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1956-10-25

SATURDAY, October 27, l will
offer for sale at my farm locat-
ed three miles south of Carlisle,
one mile Of Route 260, three miles
east of Fulda, the following de-
scribed personal property:
Livestock: 36 head cattle, in
Guiding 10 milk COWS; two Here
ford COWS; registered Polled
Hereford, two years old; nine
yearling heifers; II spring calves;
baby beef;
Machinery: Mccormick mower;
hay rake; hay fork; wagons;
corn drill; two separators; plows;
pulleys; hay rope, citchforks; lot
of corn; four new milk cans; cook
stove: lot of household items and
many other articles too numer-
Gus to mention. Sale begins at
LOO o'clock p. m.
Terms of Sale-Cash.
LUCY DIMMERLING, Owner
Auctioneers: Weddle Brothers
(Not responsible for accidents.)
Is and II
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1956-10-25
FOR SALE
For Sale-DWELLINGS LOTS
| THREE ROOM HOUSE. gas, elec- |

THREE ROOM HOUSE, gas, cleo
tricity, running water, built-in
kitchen, full basement, gas floor
furnace, one acre Of land, lots of
fruit. About one mile from Cald-
well.
25 ACRES, five room bungalow,
electricity, running water,
built-in kitchen, full basement,
coal furnace, garage, barn, gran
ary, some timber, coal on farm
for home use. On good road.
EIGHT ROOM HOUSE, gas, cleo
tricity, sink in kitchen, located
on USR 81 in Belle Valley.
SIX ROOM HOUSE, gas, cleo
tricity, good well. Located in
Macksburg.
FOUR ROOM HOUSE, gas, cleo
tricity, sink in kitchen. Two
lots, cellar. On good road in Ava.
SEVEN ROOM HOUSE, gas cleo
tricity, built-in kitchen, two
baths, cellar. Two extra good
lots. Good location in Caldwell.
FIVE ROOM HOUSE, modern
except furnace, gas, electricity,
bath, built-in kitchen, city water,
full basement, ATS acres Of land
3Also two three-room houses on
property. Good road, about one
3mile from Caldwell on Route 78
-FOUR ROOM MODERN house,
gas, electric, built-in Kitchen
bath, gas furnace, garage, located
in Caldwell.
| CHESTER J. HOWILER-Realtor
516l2 West Street Phone 250-W
16tf Caldwell, Ohio