davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1956-12-07
Continued from Page y

tGOHIInueu from rage
behind his back. The frost was
biting the wounds and sores of
the freedom-fighters."
One young metals worker was
able to send back this telling
message:
THE very day that our train
reached Uzhgorod, the interro-
cations began. Hungarian
A.V0.H. men acted as interpre-
tiers. The Russians we're very
angry, and they fired hundreds
OF questions as to why we, par
ticularly the Budapest workers,
revolted against the regime.
They had an answer for the stu
dents part in the revolt; they
said the students belonged to the
remnants of the Hungarian bour.
geoisie. But us, the young Hun
garian workers, they could not
understand.
Nor do the Muscovites make
any secret of the fact that their
main object is determination of
the younger Hungarian genera
tion. A high ranking Russian po-
lice officer who was investigating
the uprising ad United quite
frankly: We are determined to
get rid, once and for all, of this
cancer in Hungary. II has been
our greatest political danger,
only we never realized 1t as much
as we do now"
An l8-year-old boy nam g d
Poldi wrote this to my dear,
good Father:
In another hour or so / shall
cease to live Two of us have
just been sentenced to death by
Soviet court martial; yester-
day two of our comrades were
executed for allegedly assault.
ing Soviet soldiers. The volleys
are still echoing IN my heart.
What l actually did was run
10 help eomrsde who was
badly beaten by the Russian
beasts. Now, we both have 10
die. Blu. the Russians say open.
ly that this 10 . revenge for
their losses in Budapest and
other places.
1T is a terrible thing to be f5
years of age and have to die.
Break the terrible news to Gaia
teditors note: presumably his ii.
ancee) as gently as you can and
comfort her in her distress. She
is delicate, and my heart trem.
bles al the thought of her falling
a prey to an early death.
Nov ii is my turn. Once
more. farewell, till we meet in
a better world. God bless you ali
goodbye, goodbye
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1956-12-07
Mass Ord0
LITURGY
OF The
w E E K
SUNDAY. DECEMBER 2,
THE SECOND SUNDAY or
ADvENT

AbNENI.
Violet vestments, no Gloria,
Credo, Preface of the Trinity.
MONDAY, DECEMBER 10,
FERIAL DAY.
Mass as on Sunday. Violet vest
ments, no Gloria, Second Prayer
Tin Low Mssses) of st. Melcmades,
no alleluia verse. no Credo, Com
mon Preface.
TUESDAY. DECEMBER II.
FERIAL DAY.
Mass as on Sunday. Violet vest
ments, no Gloria, Second and
Third Prayers lin Low Masses) of
st. Damascus and for Peace, no
Alleluis verse, no Credo, Common
Preface.
WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER II,
FERlAL DAY.
Mass rs on Sunday. Violet vest
ments, no Gloria, Second Prayer
lin Low Masses) for Peace, no
Alleluia verse, no Credo, Com.
mon Preface.
THURSDAY. DEcGMBER i3.
FEAST OF ST. LUCY.
Red vestments, Gloria, Second
Prayer of the feria, Third Tin Low
Masses) for Peace, Common
Preface.
FRIDAY, DECEMBER u,
FERIAL DAY.
Mass as on Wednesday.
SATURDAY. DECEMBER Is,
FERlAl DAY.
| Mass as on Wednesday.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1956-12-07
Annual Legion Reunion
All Corpus Christi. Sunday

The Annual General Reunion
of the Legion of Mary. the oldest
function of the society, will be
held at Corpus Christi, 1921 Lin
wood Avenue, Sunday, Dec. 8.
Curia meeting will begin at 2
pm; Holy Hour at 4 pm. and
dinner at 5 pm, followed by a
social hour. Is
All active senior members are
expected to attend the Curia
Meeting and may be accompanied
by their husbands and wives who
are non-members.
Active junior members may at.
tend the Holy Hour and dinner
social but not the Curia meeting.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1956-12-07

People" The other children are
encouraged to shun the child.
There have been instances re-
ported when teachers organized
their pupils into gangs to attack
and beat up any pupil who has
been to church.
Because of these methods,
many Bulgarian families are re-
luctant to 60 TO church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

companies to convert to atomic
power. But Acc Commissioner
Thomas E. Murray. who usually
finds himself In opposition to Acc
Chairman Lewis L. Strauss, claims
that the private operators need still
more Government encouragement.
In putting atomic power plants into
the ground. The uranium grants by
themselves are like making gasoline
available without automobiles, he
said. Mr.. Strauss thinks American
industry ought at least to provide
its own plants, just as motorists are
expected to furnish their own cars.
Commissioner Murray proposed
that Congress organize q five-year,
81 billion plan for reactor construc-
ton In this country, and follow 1t
up with a second five-year plan in
which IS billion would be spent.
He was optimistic that this expert
ence in reactor operation would
quickly bring atomic power prices
to competitive level. He pointed
out that the Shippingport tPa.) re-
actor. the United States first. which
is now being built under the direc-
ton of Rear Admiral H. G. Rick
over, has already cut costs from
So cents per kilowatt hour to Ia
cents.
One of Mr.. Murrays chief goals
in fastening the advent Of atomic
power In the United States would
be to preserve American prestige
as a world leader in industrial de-
velopment He warned that Russia
could gain more points In the eco
nomic laid competition among back
ward countries If its nuclear power
technology outdistanced ours.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
EUROPE
West German Vote
And Greek Election
May Weaken NATO

One of the constant worries in q
free alliance as diversified as NATO
is that the whole structure will not
be elastic enough to tolerate devia-
tons OF individual states-or that
it will become so tolerant 1t gets
stretched out Of all meaningful
shape.
Two Of the newer members Of the
club-West Germany and Greece
were under pressure to deviate last
week. Votes in both countries seri-
ously weakened the staunchly pro-
NATO leaders there.
Germany
In Germany. which Joined NATO
only last year. the still to : be
started rearmament program was
dealt serious setback. The key
North Rhine Westphalia Parlia-
ment. which represents the steel
producing Ruhr area, unseated one
Of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's
Christian Democrat associates in
favor of Socialist. The vote was
1926.
The maneuver was engineered by
a small group Of right-wing Free
Democrats in North Rhine-West-
phalia. whose principal purpose was
to strike at the Adenauer coalition
on the national level. One grave
result of the change in administra-
ton will be to remove the federal
governments two-thirds majority
in the Bonn upper house, called
the Bundesrat. Upper House men,
bers are named by state parlia-
ments. Whereas DR.. Adenauer pre-
viously could count on 26 out Of 80
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

Eisenhower Silent as His Dead|ine Nears

House committee that investi.
gated campaign spending In the
10th Congress.
The Republicans choice of Sem
ator Goldwater had some interest
ing political overtones. Senator
Goldwater has been loud and
rancorous critic of labor unions
and especially their campaign
gifts. Soon after his appointment
to the eight-man committee, he
resigned as chairman of the Re.
publican Senate Campaign Com
mittee, repeatedly at the SUCCESS
ton OF his party's leadership. AS
a member Of the election reform
group, Senator Goldwater can be
expected to pursue his favorite
issue with vigilance.
The eight-man committee has
1885,. 900 to spend in its search for
corruption, and is expected to start
organizing some time this week. It
hopes to get on with its work as
soon as the select committee named
to investigate the $4,000 proffered
to Senator Case by a gas company
lawyer has finished UP its work.
The committee looking into the
Case case" is to die on March 10.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
Missiles

The claim which several Moscow
bigwigs have made in the past fort
night about Soviet achievement Of
long-range rockets has bolstered
Democratic Senators pleas for
crash programs on missiles.
Administration confidence, DEM
ocratic lack Of it, and the guarded.
in-between statements OF the ca
reer military officers in the Penta-
gon persisted last week.
Trevor Gardner, who quit his job
as chief of Air Force research and
development rather than work
under the spending ceiling his SUI
periors imposed, kicked off the
week last Sunday by saying that a
$3.5 billion overall increase in the
Air Force appropriation was needed.
He disclosed that production Of
B-52 bombers was inching along
at rate of II a month when 1t
ought to be Is.
The Senate Armed Services Com
mittee also began closed hearings
on Army and Air Force budget re-
quests last week. BY midweek
Georgia's Senator Richard Russell.
the Democratic chairman OF the
committee who has been on the
sidelines because of illness. had
heard enough to come out publicly
for a Sis billion increase in the
Air Force budget. He was seconded
by Senator Herman Welker Of
Idaho. one of the more conserva-
tive Republicans not given to fits
of fiscal generosity.
Senator Russell also announced
that a special investigation Of the
whole missiles race would be un-
dertaken. It is here that the Great
Debate, which Democrats have
openly demanded and the Pentagon
has quietly prayed for. is likely to
develop.
Snork and Redstone
To allay some Of the disquiet
abroad In the land. both the Air
Force and the Army released in
formation about their missiles de-
velopment programs last week.
The Air Force produced the first
pictures of its electronically guided,
sonic-speed guided missile. the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
SEGREGATION
AIoPomo Governor
Col Is on Press to
Ease Race Tension

Alabama's Gov. James E. Fol-
som last week moved to relieve
some of the race tensions that
have kept his State on tenterhooks
during recent months.
In Montgomery the Governor
called in rs Alabama editors and
publishers-both white and Negro
and asked them to help him
work out a solution to racial prob
lens. Most OF the editors are
longtime political enemies Of
big jim"
The Governor told the group
that "the people of the United
States have been preaching de-
mocracy and freedom all over the
world, even to the extent of send.
ing peace messages to Russia by
balloons" and added: Certainly
there is a place in Alabama where
the white people and Negro people
can find meeting Of minds"
The Governor added that as
moulders of public opinion the
newspapers were perhaps best
equipped to work on solution.
The group promised to help.
As Gov. Folsom met with the
editors, thousands of Montgomery
Negroes were walking to their daily
tasks. Their 12-week mass boy
colt of the city's segregated transit
system was as complete as ever.
On Friday, despite a chilling rain,
the city's Negroes refused even to
ride in their own automobiles or
taxicabs. They elected instead to
walk. Negro leaders called the
demonstration passive resistance
to racial oppression"
Earlier in the week. indictments
were returned against lis of the
Negroes who had decided to leave
the city buses to the white people.
About 100 of them we're jailed and
then released on bond. All were
charged with violation of an old
Alabama anti-boycott law. Negro
representatives promised to take
the cases to the United States Su-
preme Court,
On Friday, the Alabama crisis
began to take on Nation wide i'm.
plications. Representative Adam
Clayton Powell, who represents q
Democratic district in Harlem,
called for one-hour work stoppage
by every NEGRO in the ntry on
March % in support of the bus
boycott.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

Senate Begins Debote
On Methods to Ease
Aqruriun Distress

The Senate last week began what
promised to be a party splitting
debate over a new farm bill which,
they hoped, would bail out dis
tressed farmers before election day
November 8.
Senate farm spokesman for the
administration-along with many
Democrats--regarded the bill as like
prescribing green apples for belly
ache caused by green apples. 1t
included soil bank plan designed
to wipe out crop SURPRISES as well
as return to high rigid price
supports, which the administration
says was responsible for the sur
pluses IN the first place.
Leading the administrators at
tack against high supports was
Senator George D. Aiken of YER
mont, ranking Republican on the
Agriculture Committee. Senator
Aiken was just as certain as ever
that President Eisenhower would
veto any bill including rigid sup
ports. even If 1t also has soil bank.
Meanwhile. Secretary of Agricul-
ture Ezra Taft Benson took to tele-
vision in purportedly unrehearsed
reply to an earlier TV show which
he felt was critical of his policies.
Reading from noisy teleprompter,
Mr.. Benson asserted that agricul-
ture is not ION the rocks" nor is it
depression bound" The farm pic
ture will be looking up, the Secre-
tary said, If Congress "acts now"
1t sounded like some previous opti-
mistic forecasts by the Secretary,
such as:
October 81, 1858: Its my belief
that the major price declines are
behind us.
June 80, 1854: "It (previous
months 4 per cent farm price de-
cline) does not indicate a general
weakening in the farm price struc-
ture."
January Z, 1855: II am convinced
that, for agriculture. the road
ahead will be smoother. :" CA
year later, the farmers share of the
consumer purchasing dollar had
dropped to postwar low Of SO
cents.) =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

far-on war for one Of our allies II
that meant calling down Soviet
H-bombs on American cities. Isn't
the Zhukov threat. then. q check
mate Of all Americas tactical atomic
bombS7
The answer Is Yes. but :"
The "but" is that most Ameri-
can military strategists don't think
Marshal Zhukovis threat need be
taken at face value. II small war
does start. and If the United States
does reply with tactical atomic
weapons. 1t is more likely that the
Kremlin will confine itself to
measured, tactical-atomic response
of its own. For any leaping to push
intercontinental bomber buttons in
Moscow would certainly be an
swered In kind from Washington
or from the Strategic Air Com
mand's headquarters in Omaha.
At present, Of course, the Soviet
Union has not achieved anything
like nuclear parity with the United
States. Even its massive retaliation
arsenal--its big nuclear bombs and
fast-improving delivery systems
are not yet believed to be the
equals Of their American rivals. In
the tactical A-bomb department
the United States is believed to
have a commanding advantage still.
in both numbers Of bombs and d.
versity.
The day of nuclear parity, how
ever, is only a few years of, &C
cording to the United States Gov
ernment's best estimates.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

Bundesrat votes, he can now bank
on only 81 votes. He viii need 26
votes In the Bundesrat to get GER
tain constitutional changes which
are expected to be necessary before
Germany can rearm.
Last weeks events were not fatal
blows at DR.. Adenauer's leadership
by any means, but they were the
gravest since tie 1858 elections.
They are likely to slow up still more
the German rearmament effort,
which is vital to the strengthening
Of NATO.
Greece
In Greece. the pro-Western
Prime Minister, Constantin Kara
manlis, was continued in power
after a national election in which
he won a slim 160-member ma
jority in the 300-seat Parliament.
The popular vote actually went
against Mr.. Karamanlis' National
Radical Union Party, 100000 to
l,767 ,OOO.
But the opposition was a motley
coalition of seven parties, from Con-
servative to almost Communist. Mr..
Karamanlis' Radical Union sup
porters were predicting that several
of the deputies elected on the OPP
position slate would support the
government.
The slim margin, however, COM
pared with a 2-1 advantage that
the old government had. The Cy-
prus dispute with Britain and Tur-
key has soured many Greeks on the
NATO alliance.
Mr.. Karamanlis warned of this in
his victory statement: I'VE cannot
be treated like poor relatives. We
have our own national interests.
And despite my respect, admiration
and recognition Of our inevitable
destiny with the West, it must be
remembered that we are people.
And the Greek people have not
been satisfied with Western policy
in Cyprus and other vital points in
volving Greek interests"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

Shark. It has intercontinenta
range, but travels relatively slowly
and depends on q guidance system
that Is fairly easy for an enemy to
disrupt. The Shark Is not to be
confused with the intercontinental
bdilisttc missile. which receives
guidance only on the first part Of
its flight. attains maximum
height Of several hundred miles and
then falls on its target at some
$4,000 miles per hour from straight
up" without guidance and hence
without giving defenders any OPP
portunity to defect it.
There was considerable confusion
last week about carefully worded
statement by Air Force Secretary
Donald A. Quarles. who was re-
ported to have told Senator Rus
sells committee that the United
States Is ahead in guided missiles.
This is not disputed.
But guided missiles will be largely
outmoded when bdllisttc missiles
are perfected. It Is in ballistic mis-
siles that the Soviet Union is said
to be ahead of the United States.
It is the ballistic missiles against
which there Is no known defense
today. And it is the intermediate
range ballistic missile In whose
development Democratic Senators
claim the Soviet Union is far ahead
Of the United States.
The Army. meanwhile, showed
more pictures of its Redstone mis-
sile, which repeatedly has been
fired 200 to 300 miles. The Red
stone is an advanced version of the
old German W.. which had ZOO
mile range at the end of World
War II. German scientists have
been working to extend its range at
the Army's Redstone tAla) labora-
tories. The Air Force. on the other
hand, is said to have an intermedi-
ate ballistic missile much further
advanced than the Redstone.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
MHitory Strategy

On the military front. the Soviet
Union emphasized It's newly &C
quired retaliatory power.
Defense Minister Georgi Zhukov
told the Communist Party's goth
Congress of the Soviet Unions own
massive retaliation policy. notion
that has gained curious respecta-
bility in Moscow since the Reds
acquired the means to employ 1t,
Marshal Zhukov warned the
United States that he now has air.
craft and long-range rockets in his
arsenals that can hit American
cities, with ease. More important.
he said that the first United States
use of tactical relatively small
bang) atomic weapons will be met
with an immediate attack on the
United States. With an ever alert
eye OH West European opinion.
Marshal Zhukov suggested that the
United States is still trying to con-
fine wartime destruction to other
peoples territories.
II Marshal Zhukov could be be-
lieved, this Dulles-like massive re-
taliation policy would be a mortal
blow to the United States most
fundamental military policy. It
would rob the West Of It's painfully
expensive small-war antidote, the
tactical atomic bomb.
Eisenhower's Gombit
The Eisenhower military strategy
is almost completely reliant on the
use OF tactical atomic weapons to
compensate for its manpower dis
advantage. One of the first deci-
sions the Republican administration
reached was to reduce United States
military manpower tthe Army, for
instance, has been cut from Is mil
lion to, roughly l million while the
Russians have perhaps 35 to 4 mil
lion) and to compensate for this
loss with tactical atomic weapons.
Soviet manpower advantages can
be neutralized, 1t was decided, by
q bigger bang on the field Of battle.
But 1t would be foolish for United
States commanders to use tactical
atomic weapons to try to win some
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26
COLD WAR
Emphasis Switched
By Both Sides; Dulles
Explains Policies

Both the United States and the
Soviet Union switched their empha-
sis in the three-front cold war last
week. The United States accentu-
ated the peaceful, economic side
for refreshing change. while the
Communists made most of the noise
on the military front.
On the political side, the two pro-
tagonists were looking mainly to
their own alliances-the West to
NATO and MEATO; the Commu-
nists to their string Of meek satel-
utes, whose obedient leaders were
supping at the table Of the party
great during the second week of the
Goth Communist Party Congress in
Moscow.
Secretary of State John Foster
Dulles returned from a vacation in
the Bahamas to try to quiet Capitol
Hill fears about foreign policy
weaknesses, but by the week end
1t seemed he had heightened as
many fears as he quieted. He said
Friday afternoon that the United
States was winning the cold war by
forcing the Communists to COM
pete in the economic field rather
than the military one.
1t was Just this new economic
competition that worried many on
Capitol Hill. They fear the United
States is not doing enough to meet
the Soviet challenge.
Last week ends off-again-on-
again tank deal with Saudi Arabia
was charged up to indecision on the
part of Undersecretary Herbert
Hoover, jr. Mr.. Dulles said he did
not think the 10 tanks now on their
way to the Saudis would signifi-
cantly alter the balance Of power
in the Middle East. And he insisted
on keeping complete freedom of &C.
ton to help either the Israelis or
the Arabs with arms-in the inter-
ests Of peace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-26

paced ten-day vacation on the
Georgia plantation Of Treasury
Secretary George M. Humphrey.
Some few persons thought he was
acting like a man relaxing after
finally freeing himself Of ire
mendous and onerous response
bility, but most observers believed
his behavior was that Of a man
getting into condition for q great
task ahead.
The endurance tests took the
form of golfing. hunting and late
hours. On Thursday, Mr.. Eisen-
hover went hunting, played IS
holes of golf and stayed UP until
1880 am. at the bridge table. On
the last full day of the vacation,
Friday, White House Physician
Howard Nice. Snyder reported
that his patient not once had been
fatigued during the vacation. DR..
Snyder said further that 1t might
be safer" for the 65-year-old Presi-
dent to undertake a second term
now than 1t was before his heart
attack last September "a. His rea-
soning seemed to be that a known
cardiac case takes excellent care
Of himself.
Many in the White House press
corps at Townsville believed the
Presidents moment Of decision
came a week ago. They noted that.
on the previous Friday and Satur-
day, MIR. Eisenhower had been
tense. alternately gloomy and
cheerful, and at one point ON the
links remarked that he was "a little
frightened of myself" But by Mon
day, his countenance had become
one of smiling good cheer and re-
manned so throughout the week.
Beginning on Monday. specula-
ton on the decision grew increas-
ingly behind the gradually firming
opinion that, come next August 90.
the big Republican show in San
Francisco's Cow Palace will find
the name Dwight D. Eisenhower in
top billing. The speculation was
based on what the SPECTATORS re-
garded as three significant develop
ments:
. Another of the Presidents broth
ers, Earl D. Eisenhower. said he
believed the President would be a
candidate. The previous week,
brother Edgar expressed the same
opinion.
0 A story by Gould Lincoln.
political columnist Of The Star.
quoted party leaders as saying the
odds in favor of the Presidents
willingness to run had increased to
better than 100 to /.
o Presidential Press Secretary
James c. Hagerty had to knock
down a story that the word hao
been passed to top Republican
leaders that Mr.. Eisenhower def
nitely would be a candidate. The
story was written by veteran Cap
ital newsman Martin Hayden, who
Is regarded by his fellow reporters
as q dependable and keen observer
of the Washington scene.
But as the President few back
to Washington yesterday. the secret
was still his very own, possibly
shared only by his most trusted
and closest associates. He has
indicated he would give the word
by Thursday. 1t may come on
Wednesday. If his regularly sched-
uled press conference Is held that
day.