davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

states until they, exercising their
rights as states through the con-
stitutional processes Of their school
systems.
The case Of Plessy v. Ferguson
in 1896 the Supreme Court ex-
pressly declared that under the
Fourteenth Amendment no person
was denied any of his rights if the
states provided separate but equal
public facilities. This decision has
been followed in many other cases.
1t is notable that the Supreme
Court, speaking through Chief JUS
tice Taft, a former president ct
the United States, unanimously
declared in 1927 in Lum V. Rice
that the separate but equal" prin-
ciple is within the discretion
of the state in regulating its pub
lie schools and does not conflict
with the Fourteenth Amendment. "
This Interpretation, restated time
and again, became part of the
life Of the people Of many of the
states and confirmed their habits,
customs, traditions and way of life.
It is founded on elemental human
ity and common sense, for parents
should not be deprived by govern
ment of the right to direct the
lives and education of their own
children.
Though there has been no Con-
stitutional amendment or act of
Congress changing this established
legal principle almost a century
old, the Supreme Court of the
United States, with no legal basis
for such action, undertook to ex-
ercise their naked judicial power
and substituted their personal po-
litical and social ideas for the es-
tablished law of the land.
This unwarranted exercise of
power by the court, contrary to
the Constitution, is creating chaos
/ anu GULL OSlOtt tHc StdtCS ~ hANA-
pally affected. 1t is destroying
the amicable relations between the
white and Negro races that have
been created through 80 years OF
patient effort by the good people
of both races. 1t has planted
hatred and suspicion where there
has been heretofore friendship and
understanding.
Without regard to the consent OF
the governed, outside agitators are
threatening immediate and revolu.
tionary changes in our public
school systems. If done, this is
certain to destroy the system of
public education in some of the
! states.
With the gravest concern for the
explosive and dangerous condition
created by this decision and in
famed by outside meddlers:
We reaffirm our reliance on the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
Manifesto 80.
(Continued from Pare One)

ANVIL = GsHC SlGJ
North Carolina, Florida, Georgia,
Louisiana, Mississippi, Virginia,
Tennessee and Texas.
There was only faint sign Of
congressional counter action which
might have been seen in speeches
in opposition by Senator Humph-
reys of Minnesota and Senator
Lehman of New York.
There as yet has been no Re-
publican opposition voiced in either
the Senate or the House Of Rep
resentatives.
The text of the manifesto fol-
lows:
DECLARATION OF CONSTI-
TUTIONAL PRINCIPLES:
The unwarranted decision of the
Supreme Court in the public school
cases is now bearing the fruit al
ways produced when men substi-
tute naked power for established
law.
The founding fathers gave us a
Constitution of checks and balances
because they realized the ines
capable lesson of history that no
man or group of men can be safe
" entrusted with unlimited power.
They framed this Constitution with
its provisions for change by amend
ment in order to secure the funda-
mentals of government against the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

dangers of temporary popular pas
sion or the personal predictions
Of public office holders.
We regard the decision Of the
Supreme Court in the school cases
as clear abuse of judicial power.
1t climaxes trend in the Federal
judiciary undertaking to legislate,
in derogation of the authority of
Congress-, and to encroach upon
the reserved rights of the states
and the people.
The original Constitution does
not mention education. Neither
does the Fourteenth Amendment
nor any other amendment. The
debates preceding the submission
of the Fourteenth Amendment
clearly show that there was no in
tent that it should affect the sys-
tenn of education maintained by
the states.
The very Congress which pro-
posed the amendment subsequently
provided for segregated schools
in the District of Columbia.
When the amendment was adopt
ed in 1868, there were 81 states of
the Union. Every one of the 26
states that had any substantial
racial differences among its people
either approved the operation OF
segregated schools already in ex-
istence or subsequently established
such schools by action of the same
law-making body which considered
the Fourteenth Amendment.
AS admitted by the Supreme
Court in the public school case
Brown v. Board of Education)
the doctrine of separate but equal
schools apparently originated in
Roberts v. City of Boston
(1849), upholding school segrega'
ton against attack as being viola
tive of a state Constitutional guar
antee of equality" This consti-
tutional doctrine began in the
North-not in the South, and il
was followed not only in Massa-
chusetts, but in Connecticut, New
York, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan
Minnesota, New Jersey, Ohio
Pennsylvania and other Northern
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

Constitution as the fundamental
law of the land.
We decry the Supreme Courts
encroachments on rights reserved
to the states and to the people,
contrary to established law and to
the constitution.
We commend the motives of
those states which have declared
the intention to resist forced in
tegration by any lawful means.
We appeal TO the states and peo-
pie who are not directly affected
by these decisions to consider the
Constitutional principles involved
against the time when they too,
on issues vital to them, may be the
victims of judicial encroachment.
Even though we constitute mi
nority in the present Congress, we
have full faith that a majority
of the American people believe in
the dual system of government
which has enabled us to achieve
our greatness and will in time de-
mand that the reserved rights of
the states and of the people be
made secure against judicial usur-
patton.
We pledge ourselves to use all
lawful means to bring about a
reversal of this decision which is
contrary to the Constitution and to
prevent the use of force in it's i'm
fermentation.
In this trying period, as we all
seek to right this wrong, we ap-
peal to our people not to be pro-
voked by the agitators and trouble
makers invading our states and te
scrupulously refrain from disorder
and lawless acts.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
EDWARDS News

The regular order of services
were held at the Ratliff Chapel
Baptist Church Sunday, Rev. G.
L. Lloyd, pastor. His text was,
"The Lord Shall Fight For You and
Ye Shall Hold Your Peace" Exod-
US 14:14. Money raised, $23.55.
Mr.. Henry Lewis died Saturday
night, in Jackson. Funeral will be
held Tuesday at the Pleasant Grove
Baptist Church.
Mrs. Francis Eatman is yet on
the sick list, we hope she will be
able to be out again soon.
The J. N. A. Society will meet
in the home of Mrs. 1nez Laws,
Wednesday afternoon at $50. All
members are asked to be pres
ent.
The PTA gave program at the
Edwards Jr. High School Sunday
evening at 8 pm. The title of the
program was "Tithing." The at
tendance was large and very in
teresting program was rendered.
Money raised, $54.00. Mrs. Maud
Smith, president.
Fev. and Mrs. Fred Mathes, visit
ed in the home of his parents, Mr..
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
Mcc0MB NEWS

The Recreation kindergarten
opened Monday morning March IL,
at 524 Elmwood Street. Mrs. AL
berthe Anderson, Teacher.
The following children enrolled:
Joan Coleman, Eula Mae Coleman,
Katherine, David Smith, Jr., and
Susan, Ronnie and Darol. This
school is open for pre-school age
children.
Mrs. Hattie Harrison died last
week. Mrs. Harrison, wife of Rev.
S. L. Harrison operated Kinder
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
Y. ". G. A. NEWS

On Sunday, March Is, at 5 pm.
the members of the Branch YWCA
will get together at fellowship
tea and membership meeting. At
this meeting there will be reports
from the delegates who attended
the neighborhood meeting and an
nual reports of activities. Each
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
SATURDAY, MARCH II, 1866

ton to Memphis, Tenn, this past
weekend. Miss Finley was attend
ing the neighborhood meeting Of
the YWCA. She had opportunity
to meet Y-Teens from all parts Of
the state of Mississippi and Mem
phis, Tenn. Miss Finley states she
had very enjoyable time.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

Y-Teen club advisers-are, urged
to be present for breakfast at the
YWCA Saturday morning. March
II, at $50 am. Hostess for the
breakfast will be advisers from
Isable and Mary Jones. The break
fast will not be complete without
you. Please be present. The Y
Teen Potato Chip sale report will
be made by the program director
at this time.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

garten and Nursery School here in
McComb for several years. Several
ladies in the Community got to-
gether and decided to open another
Kindergarten and Nursery School
of the same type. The Recreation
kindergarten is located at 524
Elmwood Street.
Mrs. Edna Ruth Kennedy hus-
band, brother John Willie Harrison,
and Cousin, Miss Bessie Gussum
motored here from Chicago, ILL.,,
last week for the funeral OF Mrs.
Hattie Harrison, mother Of Edna
Ruth Harrison.
Mrs. Louvenia Sparkling came to
Jackson by plane and then on to
McComb, Miss, by train to be at
the funeral of her aunt, Mrs. Hat
tie Harrison. Mrs. Sparkling lives
in Atlanta, Georgia.
The Home Demonstration Club
The Annual Spring Flower Show
was held in the Ethiopian Home on
Monday.
It was a beautiful Flower Show.
There were several winners at the
show. The Home Demonstration
Club women brought beautiful
Azalea's, Camellias, Parsies and
beautiful yellow and white wild
flowers.
Mr.. Jack Corbin, manager of the
Project Houses invited the Club
back to have their Fall Flower
Show in the Center.
Mr.. Corbin also made the ladies'
in the Club welcome to have any
Social Activities that they would
like to have.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
Tulsa PIans...
Continued from Page One)


when he and John w. McCune,
Democratic County Chairman,
talked before the forum on issues
of the city campaign.
Attacking the Democrats, Ras-
bury said, eff they call progress on
all fronts in all sections of the city
catering to special interest groups
then we plead guilty"
McCune declared that the pres
ent Republican administration was
extravagant in the spending of
public funds. He added that the
Republicans had failed to live up to
campaign promises.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

and friends.
The st. Mark M. B. Church is
happy to say their worship serv-
ices both day and night, were en-
joyed by members and friends.
The pastor Rev. P. j. Hopkins
preached a very inspiring sermon
both day and night.
Text for the morning worship
Isiah 10th chapter 31st verse. Sub
ject, waiting Without Painting"
Evening worship text Judges 7th
chapter verses 2-3 and 4th. Sub
ject, "We Got Too Many"
We were happy to have the
many visitors who worship with
us. Prof. L. P. Johnson, principal
of the Edwards Jr. High School,
Mrs. H. C. Hubbard, Mrs. Dander-
field, Mrs. Mamie Barker and
many others were present. Finance
reported ,$167.56. Rev. P. ]. Hop
kins, pastor, Bro. E. L. Robinson,
clerk. Isola Mcdaniel, reporter.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
member is urged to be present.

Our third 10.weeks Of activities
started on March Is. We are urg-
ing all members and friends to
register for some activity during
this ten weeks. Notice our sched-
ule in the daily papers.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17
OCEAN SPRINGS
NEWS

Communion services were held
at Saint James Methodist Church
Sunday, Rev. D. L. Morgan, pas
tor. The night sermon was deliver
ed by Rev. D. M. Ray, district
Superintendent. The services were
enjoyed by all.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

The shut-ins are: Mrs. Alberta
Sanders, Louisa Smith, Janet
O'Neal, Arcadia Johnson and Mrs.
Virginia Ellis. All ask the interest
of your presence and prayers.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

Jackson YWCA Association will be
held at Central YWCA on April
at 10 am.
Branch YWCA will present Eas-
ter Parade Tom Thumb Wedding
and talent show at Lanier High
school on Monday, April 2, at 1880
pm. The contestants in the Eas-
ter Parade will be members of the
Young Adult Department. Please
support this program by buying
your ticket early.
Y-Teen News
The Isable Y-Teen club girls had
a mother and daughter party at
Isable school. The evening was
spent playing games and singing
songs. An added feature was an
illustrated lecture on the YWCA
and the educational tour to New
York. More than five mothers ex-
pressed interest in their daughters
making the trip. Delicious re-
freshments were enjoyed by all.
1t is hoped that we will be able
to have the same type of party
with the mothers and daughters
of each of you Y-Teen clubs.
The spring quarter for teen-age
classes will begin Saturday morn
ing, March 81. Glasses are open
in public speaking and dramatics,
dancing and practical arts. Glasses
are scheduled for after school and
Saturday mornings.
Miss Thelma Finley, the charm
ing president of the Junior Y-Teen
club at Lanier was in the delega-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

The annual membership of-the
Jackson YWCA Association will be
held at Central YWCA on April
5 at 10 am.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

and Mrs. Charlie Jones, relatives
and friends.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1956-03-17

Miss Thelma Finley, the charm
ing president of the Junior Y-Teen
club at Lanier was in the delega-
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Queens At County
Fair Are Listed

In contest for Queens" at the
Madison County Fair, Brenda
Dorm, 16, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Kenneth Dorm, South Solon r. r.
No. 2 was judged Miss Madison
County Senior Queen"
Peggy 10 Daniels, daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Daniels, (Con-
ME StahD and a granddaughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Gordon Stahl,
Park Avenue, London, was chosen
Juvenile Queen"
Joy Lou Thompson, 2-year-old
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. Dwight
Thompson of London, R. r. l, was
chosen Tiny Tot" Queen.
Connie Reffit, daughter of Mrs
William Dillon, London, was chos-
en- Junior Queen"
The entrants in the contest were
judged preceding t he Talent
Show" at the Fair in which Deb
bic Thompson, 8-year-old sister of
the Tiny Tot Queen, was judged
top winner with her performance
as a tap dancer.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
John W. Shive!ey
Named Supervisor
In County Schools

The Madison County Board of
Education has employed the coun-
tvs first elementary school super
visor The action was taken at the
last meeting of the board.
Named to the new position is
John w. Shiveley, Gambler, Ohio,
a veteran of Is years public school
work. Shiveley received his ALB de-
gree from Holbrook< College, and
his MS in education from Ohio
State University.
Shiveley was most recently ele-
mentary principal of the Mount
Vernon, Ohio, City Schools.
The announcement of the new
supervisor was made this week by
Superintendent Rolla d. Webster.
Supt. Webster said the scope of
work to be done by the supervisor
will be closely in line with the ever
growing problem connected with
administering the G j I'm ent tary
schools The work will include in
structional aid. disciplinary help
and other concerns of the faculty
and administration.
Shiveley, with his wife and
three children, plans to move to
London in the near future.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Korea Vet Bonus
TO Be Issue; Tax
Measures Are Up

The Madison County Board of
Elections this week awarded the
printing of the 1856 general elect
ion ballots to The Madison Press
Company on the lowest bid.
According to the bid submitted
the printing contract is for a total
of 66,939 ballots. This includes sep
arate ballots for the presidential
voting, office type ballots, non par
tisan ballots, state constitutional
amendments, bond issues and tax
levies.
Of the total there will be 1,730
each of the presidential, office and
non partisan ballots plus like
number of constitutional amend
ment ballots.
Bond issue ballots and tax issue
ballots will be used only in the
areas concerned with the particul-
ar issues.
Topmost on the list of constitu-
tional amendments is the proposed
bonus for Korean Veterans. Ac-
cording to the proposal, Korean
Veterans would receive up to S400
bonus based on $40 per month
stateside duty and SIS per month
overseas duty.
The second amendment would
change the tenure of office for
Ohio Senators to four years instead
of the present two year terms.
Bond issues include one for con-
structing new municipal building
at West Jefferson and one for re-
modelling, furnishing and equipping
the Jonathan Alder High School
building. Both need 55 per cent
affirmative vote.
The West jefferson issue calls
for total of $4,000 and the Jona-
than Alder School issue is for $85,-
600. The West Jefferson Bonds
would be paid off in 25 years,
while the school issue would be for
Is years.
On the various tax levies are adj
dional taxes for the Madison South
District, City of London Recreat-
ional and the Fairfield Mount
Sterling School District. Each tax
measure is for five years.
Renewal tax levies are to be ap-
proved at London City Schools;
Somerford Schools, Operating ex-
penses; Darby Township (exclus-
i've of Plain City, Fire protection;
Canaan Township fire protection;
Forest Grove Cemetery; Jefferson
School District, current expenses;
and Deercreek Local School Dis
trict, current operating expenses.
None of the renewal levies is for
more than $50 per one hundred
dollars valuation.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Madison South To
Open Elementary
School Next Week

NJ a olson South Elementary
Schools will open on Tuesday, Sep
tember 4th at 800 am. for regis
tration. Buses will pick up the
children in the morning and return
them home at 11:30 am. on the
first day. The three elementary
schools are Madison Local, Mid
way and South Solon.
The cafeterias will all be operat-
ing on Wednesday. Meal tickets
will be available for one weeks
meals. The price of meals will be
25c. Milk will be three cents per
half pint.
Madison South High School will
open on September 18th and will
be in session for full day.
The high school students, grades
9 through II, will register at the
high school building on Thursday
and Friday, September 18th and
18th. All Seniors will register on
Thursday morning. September 18th
800 to 11:30. All Juniors will reg
lister on Thursday afternoon. Sep
tember 18th, 1890 to 400. All
Sophomores will register Friday
morning. September ID. 800 to
11:30. All Freshmen will register
Friday afternoon, September 14th,
1890 to 400.
If it is impossible for students
to be present for their scheduled
time, they should call 1860 for an
appointment to register.
All students must be registered
not later than Friday, September
18th at 400 pm.
The first meeting of the Madison
South Faculty will he held at Mid
way Elementary School. Friday.
August 31st at $50.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Man Held; Charged
With Entering z
Mt. Sterling Homes

Two apartments in downtown
Mt Sterling were broken into and
entered early Tuesday night, ac-
cording to Madison County Deputy
Sheriff Robert Henry. Henry said
that Harold Wesley Gilmore, %.
was being held in Madison County
Jail pending filing of charges.
According to Deputy Sheriff's
Robert Henry and Marvin Flana-
gan, who investigated the case Gill
more confessed to the breaking and
entering after being questioned by
Henry for a short time at the Mt.
Sterling police station.
Gilmore broke into the apart
ment of Thurman Buck" Ray
above the Charme Beauty Shop by
breaking pane of glass in the
window and reaching through the
opening to unlatch the door, ac-
cording to police. He then broke a
window at the rear of the Ray
apartment and walked across a
roof to the nearby apartment of
Mrs. Louie Alltop.
According to Deputy Sheriff
Henry nothing was taken from
either of the apartments.
Officers said that Gilmore had
been drinking. He was picked up
at the Roy Dunn home on Route
277 near Mt. Sterling by Mt. Ster-
ling Police Officer Calvin Miller
and Deputy Henry.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
ANNOUNCE BIRTH

The London Public Schools will
open for the new term on Tuesday,
September 4, according to an an
nouncement made by the Board of
Education through Supt. j. j. Hart
ley. A Faculty meeting of all tea
chers will be held at 1000 A. NJ.
on Monday. Glasses will be held
on Tuesday from $40 A. M. to
11:45 A. M. All day sessions will
be held beginning Wednesday.
Meals will be served in the school
cafeteria starting Thursday.
The teaching staff for the school
is complete for the coming school
year. New teachers are Miss Vir-
ginia English. a vocal music tea
cher who will replace Mrs. Robert
Visintine. resigned; Mrs. Joel Cut
Ter, third grade teacher, added to
the staff because of increased en-
rollment; Mrs. Orville Russell, a
teacher of English, History and
Journalism; Mrs. William Ken
liCdyg q bCdIIiCl VI IOIllillGlIlci SlO-
jects; and Mrs Leroy Roudebush,
a teacher of home economics.
Miss English, the new vocal mu-
sic teacher, resides in Melvin, Ohio
and is recent graduate of Wilm-
ington College. Prior to her enroll
ment at Wilmington College, Miss
English attended Fredonia State
Teachers College for three years,
Her high school education was OBJ
tanned in her home town of Oneida,
n. Y.
Mrs. Joel Cutler, 81 East Fifth
St. who has been hired to teach
third grade is a native of Madison
County. She attended Canaan High
School and graduated in the class
of 1884. Her college work was taxi
en- at Ohio State University in the
class of 1898; and also at Capital
University, class of 1899 Mrs. Cut
Ter taught four years at South So
Ion before joining the faculty of
the Columbus Public Schools
where she taught another four
years as third grade teacher.
Mrs. Leroy Roudebush, Lafayet-
te Road, has been hired to teach
Home Economics, replacing Mrs.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Funeral Is Held
For Nancy Clark

Nancy Margaret Clark Mrs. Ho-
mer Clark, age 79, died at her
home 364 Smith Road, New Rome,
Monday evening.
Surviving are four sons, Cletus
and Calvin of Columbus, Eugene
of xenia, Newton of San Francis
co, Calf; a daughter, Miss Hazel
Clark of the home; four sisters,
Miss Ella Tracey, Mrs. Leah Hop
per and Mrs. Della Herman of
West Jefferson and Mrs. Eva Sher-
man of Madison Mills; 13 grand
children and Is great-grandchild-
rem.
Funeral services at the residence
at two o'clock Thursday. Interment
in Pleasant Hill Cemetery West
jefferson by the Blauser and Baker
Funeral Service
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-08-31
Boosters To Meet
At Madison South

Boosters of the Madison South
School will hold a meeting Tues
day evening. September 4, at the
new school house to meet the two
new coaches and hear the plans for
the athletic events of the year.
Both Coach Bill Pickett and Dick
Lanier will be present to discuss
the athletic schedule, the partici-
patton and pertinent information.
According to the coaches, only
about 25 boys are now out for
training, but they indicated fresh
men and sophomore boys should
turn out for practice.
The reserve team, made up of
the lower classmen will be match
ed against other reserve teams in
the area.
At the Booster Meeting, workers
are to bring in the funds which
they have collected so that the ath-
letic equipment can be paid for as
it arrives.
The schedule for the season has
not been completed.