davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-21

country at large" Senator
Sparkman also spoke of secret
foreign policy commitments
Representative Hardy. Demo-
crat Of Virginia, said ut would
profit the Nation" if the admin
istration would confer more
generally with members Of Con-
gress and particularly members
of the House." He added he
thought 1t would be well for BIZ
partisanship for the State De-
partment to take Dick Richards
more into their confidence"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-21
Angry Democrats Charge
Foreign Policy BrushoH
BY the Associated Press

Senate and House Democrats grumbled today that the
Eisenhower administration has been negectng to consult
Congress before making major foreign policy like the
tank shipment to Saudi Arabia.
the moment at least the issue of the shipment itself
took some Democrats springboard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-02-21

TT you're a heavy smoker,
choosing your cigarette brand
is more than just a casual deci-
sion. That's why you ought to
note the chart shown here. This
detailed report, by an independ-
ent laboratory, shows the precise
amount of nicotine and tar in the
smoke of all leading brands of
filter cigarettes.
AS you can see, there's less nieo-
tine by far in the smoke OF King
Sano and less tar than in the
smoke of any other filter cigarette.
There's a special reason for this.
Only King Sano. of all leading
filter cigarettes, doesn't depend
on filter tip alone TO screen out
nicotine and tar. The makers of
King Sano 60 much further. They
filter the tobacco, too-to reduce
nicotine and tar even before the
cigarettes are made.
The result of this exclusive Sano
process is a truly fine cigarette
and one that tastes every bit as
good as il is.
For a pleasant change, why not
try King Sano. You'll like them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Curb on Bond Issues?

The Virginia General Assembly wisely
has decided to give the voters Of Airing
ton the right to decide for themselves
whether to give property owners veto
power over bond issues. The legislation
authorizing referendum on the ques
ton represents a compromise. The Ar
lington County Board. by three to-two
vote, had requested that the Legislature
restrict bond issue referendums to free
holders, on the ground that property
owners bear disproportionate share of
tax increases resulting from borrowing
for schools or other purposes.
Arlington taxpayers have criticized
large bond issues, particularly for schools.
Last month, for the second time in recent
years, multimillion dollar bond plan
for schools was defeated at the polls.
The new legislation would provide that,
if approved by referendum, bond issues
hereafter would require approval by a
majority not only of all the voters, but
also of ali property owners voting. Sim
liar plans are in effect in several other
Jurisdictions of the State. The system
would require separate voting lists and
facilities and separate tabulations of the
returns. The Assembly was understand
ably loath to impose such a change on
Arlington voters unless they decreed it
in q special referendum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Fuel for the Flames

AS the revolt in Southern States
against court-decreed indignation has
progressed, Senators and Representatives
from those States evidently felt the po-
litical necessity of doing something. Their
manifesto, or Declaration of Constitu-
tional Principles" seems to represent
their decision on what to do
We wish that the wisdom of doing
nothing, and for the time being at least
saying nothing, might have won out over
the demands of political expediency. The
manifesto, restrained in tone, is not in
itself inflammatory. It's arguments against
the Supreme Courts decision in the in
tegration cases are not new, having been
considered by the court at the time, and
are not devoid of merit. The statement
carefully emphasizes lawful means of
resisting forced" indignation and con-
cludes with an appeal to refrain "from
disorder and lawless acts"
Yet the effect of the statement, in the
overheated emotional atmosphere created
by incidents in Alabama, is helpful to no
one. It will no doubt do its part to harden
a public sentiment in the South which
makes increasingly remote any early re-
sumption of the gradualism which at
least was leading in the right direction
An appreciation Of the political facts OF
life behind the manifesto does not lessen
disappointment that so many able and
respected members of Congress felt the
necessity of issuing 1t now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Commentator

I congratulate The Star and
James Deane upon the award
received by him for outStand-
ing work in educational re-
porting.
Mr.. Deane has distinguished
himself among the school per-
sonnet for the thoroughness Of
his studies, the industry with
which he pursues story leads,
and the soundness of his I'M
derstanding of school problems.
There is no doubt at all in
my mind that the support of
the press In behalf Of effective
education for the children of
this city is one of the bright
spots in the school situation
here. I am certain that the
people with whom I work
appreciate most sincerely the
reporting done by Mr.. Deane
and join me in thanking The
Star for providing reportorial
service of this high caliber.
Carl F. Hansen,
Assistant Superintendent,
District of Columbia Public
Schools.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13

that part of Ohio drive be used for the
loop connection. That route would have
involved expenditure of only Sill million,
as contrasted with the $15.5-million cost
of the Independence avenue location. But
the National Park Service objected to a
traffic artery through the park area near
the river and the Ohio delegation in Con-
gress objected to dissertation" of any
portion of the only drive named for it's
great State. So the commission, by a
divided vote, rejected the Highway De-
partment's first choice in favor of the
Independence avenue route. The deci-
sion carries s4.4-million price tag for
District motorists.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
An EIection-Yeur TARGET

In a recent speech on his Western
tour, Adlai Stevenson took some pot shots
at the state of the national economy and
Republican claims that current prosperity
is traceable largely to domestic policies
of the Eisenhower administration. Mr..
StevenSon's point, in brief, was that the
country is prosperous in spite of Repub-
lican policies rather than because of them,
and that G. o. P. concern for the welfare
of the business community reflects some
sort of unholy alliance that is really con-
trary to the national interest. His impn-
cation, in other words, was that there
is something false about the economic
picture and the reasons it looks so ia
vorable.
Business conditions-prosperity, de-
preston or something in between-invari
ably play part in presidential cam
paign Election results often are affected
directly What may not be SO generally
realized, however, is the fact that business
conditions themselves can be affected
or even manipulated, by political behavior
in an election year. A timely discussion
of this particular possibility has been
offered by Carol M. Shanks, president
of the Prudential Insurance Company, in
an address before the Economic Club Of
Chicago. Mr.. ShankS looks at current
prosperity and finds it good. Further
more, he credits Government (admin-
1stration) policy with providing the favor
able atmosphere that is largely RESPONSE
ble At the same time, Mr.. Shanks offers
some words of caution that are worthy
of both Republican and Democratic at
tention.
mo matter how broadly based" the
speaker pointed out, prosperity diSap-
pears quickly when consumers cut down
on buying. . This has particular
bearing, because consumer confidence 49,.
becomes an election year target. Two
things follow: The administration In
power may be tempted to maintain con-
sumner confidence with short-sighted and
inf1ationary measures to be sure to have
a high level Of business until after cleo
ton. 1t is equally important politically
for the other side 80. to make prosperity
and the future look as fragile as possible
The economy can easily lose, either way"
In short, Mr.. Shanks has warned
against the temptation to "play politics"
with the economy-from the Republican
side to administer an inflationary slim
ulant if necessary and from the Demo-
cratic side to cast doubts upon its basic
good health. 1t will be great misfortune
if either of these temptations gets out
of hand in the months ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Cold War Strategy

w. w. Rostow's article in the
March 4 Sunday Star, en-
titled "How Can We Counter
(the) Offensive Charted at
Red Party Congress2", was a
clear. concise description Of the
new Soviet strategy and how
America can meet its chal-
lenge. It is impossible to sum-
Marie this article in a few
words, but two sentences stand
out in my mind. First, the
challenge of Mikoyan: "Let
the boastful Americans who
swagger about their riches of
today, about their American
way of life, enter into compe-
tition with us on these lines
and they will see where more
is done for the benefit Of the
people, whose way Of life will
turn out better" Then Mr..
Rostow's answer, which said in
part: 1--WE shall defeat its pur-
poses II =. we evoke from the
nation the sense Of com
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Taking on Tough Job

The bipartisan Senate committee set
up to investigate lobbying and campaign
contribution practices finally has agreed
on one of it's tested "workhorses" Demo
cratic Senator Mcclellan of Arkansas
as chairman. There is much about Mr..
McClellan's record to indicate that he will
do a good job-unless the evenly divided
committee works itself into partisan
stalemate. The possibility of this is
diminished perhaps by the fact that the
Arkansan himself, as an experienced
committee chairman and investigator,
has succeeded in the past in avoiding the
evils of stubborn partisanship.
This is, of course, an unusual inquiry
in that it bears in a sense upon the in
tegrity of the Senate itself. Lobbying is
legitimate and accepted practice in the
process of considering and enacting legis-
lation-not only in Washington, but in
State capitals as we'll. Financial support
for campaigns likewise is proper, within
limitations set up by law. 1t Is not sur
prising, however, that the temptation is
great for special interests" to stretch
the bounds of propriety and the dividing
line is not always clearly defined one.
There Is danger then that superficial
examination of borderline cases, or their
exploitation for partisan reasons, could
lead to opinions of guilt by association"
No justice would be served by such
result.
Mr.. Mcclellan is a lawyer by pro-
fession and was a prosecuting attorney
before he entered politics. He has demon
strated his respect for the fair rules of
evidence, while showing also that he is
tough and fortnight in his pursuit of
facts. This committee already has had
trouble getting organized and setting It's
ground rules. It's next Job is to gather
q STAFF competent to undertake an inquiry
that will be both difficult and sometimes
delicate. It will demand all of Mr.. Nc
Clellan's skills then to keep the investi-
cation on its proper road, and to make
it constructive.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Don't Care a Rap?

If there is any rapping to
be done, it is the District Of
ficials who should be raped
for trying to force an all-bus
system on the citizens OF
Washington.
Now they say that If there
are not enough buses to take
over the whole system By Au-
gust IA, a lot of transit riders
will have to walk until
enough buses arrive. This is
another example of the cal
lous disregard for the inter-
ests of the District transit
rider, such as officials have
displayed ever since this mess
began last year.
Actually, when one thinks
about it. it does seem like it
would be a waste Of time to
hold hearings on the replace
ment of the streetcars with
buses. In spite Of the request
of the Federation of Citizens
Associations for a survey OF
streetcar versus bus costs and
the testimony Of experts that
rail abandonment would be a
mistake, the District officials
have made up their minds that
we shall have buses. If a hear
ing were held, it would be a
mere mockery. Of course we
all know that in a fair and
impartial hearing the District
officials would not stand a
chance, but of course the Dis
trict officials will never let
it go that far.
Lets face tive will have
buses, like It or not.
The Manor Park Citizens
Association. among others. is
to be congratulated for its
stand against scrapping of our
rail system.
Robert S. Crockett.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Horns Necessary

While unnecessary use of
automobile horns can certain
ly be a nuisance, proper horn
usage can do much to promote
safe and orderly movement of
traffic in this faSt-moving age.
Since so many of our roads
and traffic handling facilities
are admittedly inadequate, it
is evident that all drivers must
be on their toes if accidents,
delays, traffic jams and re-
sultant Illustrations are to be
kept to a minimum.
In spite Of this, some drivers
will dream or CAB at stop
lights; some will go through
lights or stop signs, straddle
lanes, turn from wrong lanes
or change lanes without look
ing. If their own deterrent
is an occasional accident or
perhaps one ticket per thou
sand violations, they will prob
ably never improve but will
become habitually greater haz-
ards to themselves and to
others.
On the other hand, if they
know that every car may be
expected to use a ready means
of protest against a careless or
dangerous action which affects
others, they will naturally be
more careful in order to avoid
embarrassment.
Let's keep horns legal so we
may all be kept more alert,
and safer too.
Coop.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
The Federal Contract

Representative Howard w. Smith OF
Virginia did splendid job of setting the
record straight with regard to the Fed
eral Governments authorized" payment
toward District expenses. Appearing as
a voluntary witness before a House APP
preparations subcommittee, Mr.. Smith, as
an expert on Federal-DiStrict fiscal rela-
lions, declared that Congress is obliged
by contract" to appropriate in full the
authorized Federal share of running the
Capital
That there has been confusion on
this point among legislators dealing with
District finances is evidenced not only by
the failure of Congress last year to appro-
pirate all of the authorized $20million
Federal payment but by remarkable
question put to Representative Smith by
Chairman Rabaut of the Subcommittee
on District Appropriations. Mr.. Rabaut
inquired: Judge Smith, do you, as chair
man of the Joint Fiscal Committee ION
the District) feel that the Congress is
obligated to appropriate the full authori-
zation? We on the Appropriations Com
mittee have always felt that it was an
authorization rather than an obligation"
The Virginian replied II do not criti-
CHE your committee. know that you are
doing the best job you can. OF course,
when we get up and argue on the floor,
contend that Congress made contract
with the District of Columbia, and ex-
pect to again maintain that position"
Representative Smiths sound posi-
ton is based on his personal knowledge
OF the intent of the committeeman who
fixed the present $20-million Federal OBJ
ligation-and the $22-million payment
just recommended by the House District
Committee. To the committees which
have studied the Districts grave fiscal
plight the Federal authorization was, in
effect, solemn contract to pay stipu-,
lated sum. And, as Mr.. Smith rightly
pointed out, each time the Federal con-
tract was increased, the burden on Dis
trict taxpayers was increased, too. Con-
gress has never regarded the tax increase
legislation for District citizens as any
thing but mandate to be carried out
without question.
Local tax increases are coupled in
legislation with authorization for high
er Federal payment. Such an authorize
ton becomes an obligation. 1t is in effect
as much part of the contract" as the
increase in taxes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
Quick on the TRIGGER?

On the front page of The
Star Of February 26 an article
described how q 17-year-old
youth fleeing from a stolen car
escaped being wounded seri-
ously" when shot by a police
man who was aiming low"
Page A-22 contained a photo
showing just how low" the
bullet struck-about belt-high.
1t is indeed surprising that the
lucky youth escaped serious
injury, or even death.
Certainly, policemen must
protect our property and our
lives (their own included, but
aiming low" does not seem
enough. Does not justice die
tate the use Of good judgment
in determining whether to aim
q gun at all?
Herbert N. Jasper.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13

Democrats who have been
rather complacent about hold
ing the control Of the Senate
in the next Congress had bet
ter take another look. Presi-
dent Eisenhower's decision to
run and head the G. o. P.
ticket is likely to make a great
difference so far as Senate
control is concerned. And the
Democrats are not unmindful
of the fact that today they
have the narrowest possible
majority in the upper house
40 to Al. A Republican net
gain Of one or two in the COM
ing senatorial elections would
turn the Democrats out of
power in the Senate. provided,
of course, Mr.. Eisenhower and
a Republican Vice President
whether Mr.. Nixon or another
III 9 tICtO1 lOuo.
MOrse'S Seat in Doubt
The entry of Secretary of
the Interior Douglas Mckay in
the Senate race against Sena-
tor Wayne Morse Of Oregon
may give the Republicans a
Senate seat which the Demo-
Gratis and Senator Morse have
been counting on holding.
Public statements have been
made by Oregon Democrats
and Mr.. Morse welcoming Mr..
Mckay into the fray with glee.
It's doubtful if these state
mentS express their real feel
ings. Mr.. Morse has got him.
self a battle. Mr.. Mckay can
dish it out in a rough-and-
tumble campaign, and has
proved 1t in the past.
There is another Demo-
cratic-held Senate seat on the
Pacific Coast which may also
be in jeopardy. Senator War
rem G. Magnuson has been I'M
beatable in the past in Wash
ington. This year, however,
he will be faced by Republic
can Governor Arthur B. Lang
lie. who promised to make the
senatorial race if Gen. Eisen-
hover was to be a candidate.
Gov. Langlie has been elected
and reelected Governor.
In 1852. Mr.. Eisenhower
carried Oregon by 100000
votes and Washington by
100000. His presence at the
head of the Republican ma
tional ticket will almost GER
tainly affect the senatorial
elections in both these States.
where the Republicans will
now have strong candidates.
Mr.. Mckay is a veteran in
the political business. He was
twice elected Governor of Ore
gon, an Office he resigned to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13

@. How many large scale
projects are actually in opera
ton for the production OF
fresh water from salt water?
M. M.
A. At the beginning of 1856
there were 26 large-scale
Saline-water-conversion units
producing fresh water in var
ious parts of the world. How
ever, the total output Is only
Z million gallons daily. Sew
enteen of these units are in
foreign countries. four are on
ships and five are in the
United States. The processes
employed are still costly.
@. At what phase of the
moon is there an opportunity
to see the phenomenon called
the "old moon in the new
moons arms"?-H. c. Y.
A. The best time is during
the crescent phase of the
moon in March and April. The
crescent will be brilliant, but
the dark side Of the moon can
also be seen. illuminated by
"earthshine." that II, sunlight
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

This thing can go on all
morning" said the bird lover
to himself.
He didn't know crows as well
as he might.
The big bird gave one super
indignant cav, and sped away
over the club grounds.
He had learned his lesion,
and many humans might learn
it, too.
You Just can't beat traffic
at 8 O'Clock in the morning.
Any other time, maybe, but
not then.
The food was a bit of bread.
dropped in the middle Of the
avenue by some smaller bird,
maybe a jay.
Blue jays often carry away
slices of bread from feeding
stations, if the starlings do not
get them first.
Il
Starlings seldom take slices
away.
They are too greedy.
No proper starting waits to
eat. He eats as and where he
finds food.
No carrying away for him:
the startling pounces on a slice
of bread, and tears the heart
out of it.
Soon there is nothing left
but a ring of crust.
The bird lover had been In
terested in the crow, not only
because he thought it was going
to be killed. but also because
he fed the birds, himself, and
knew their way.
One day recently he had
looked out into his yard, and
had seen half a dozen odd
rectangular rings on the grass.
For a second he wondered
what they were, then recog-
nized them.
Soon the crust, too, was all
gone.
Starlings are big and greedy.
and take everything at once,
with no leavings.
They are too smart to eat in
the middle of a street.
They leave that to crows,
which have no more sense.
You will never see q starting
jeopardizing his life for a taste
Of food.
He plays it safe. and that il
one Of the reasons there are 10
many Of them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-13
THE POLITICAL MILL
Control of Senate Also in Balance
By GOULD LINCOLN

become Secretary Of the m
terror. He had been State
Senator before that. The
Democratic statements that
Mr.. Mckay was being let out
of the cabinet for strategic
reasons are a lot Of bunk.
Secretary Mckay has been
under attack because he has
stoutly supported President
Eisenhower's policy Of friendly
partnership between the Fed
eral Government and industry
in the field of power develop
ment.
He has been attacked. too,
by the New Dealers as the ad-
ministrator Of a "giveaway"
program-giveaway of the
country's natural resources.
There has been no such pro-
gram and no one knows the
answers to these charges bet
ter than Mr.. Mckay himself.
He will take those answers
into the senatorial campaign
against Senator Morse, a
principal purveyor of those
charges. Mr.. Mckay is get
ting out of the cabinet to
take on the job of beating
Senator Morse. He is the log
ical and the strongest candi-
date the Republicans have to
offer, since the death of the
late Gov. Paterson. who had
Just announced his candidacy
for the Senate seat. Indeed.
he probably is a stronger can
didate than Mr.. Paterson would
have been.
Bitter Battle Due
This Oregon senatorial race
will be a battle with no holds
barred. The Republicans would
dearly like to retire Senator
Morse, whom they look upon
as a turncoat and deserter.
Senator Morse was twice
elected to the Senate as a Re-
publican. In 1852, he turned
against Mr.. Eisenhower and
supported Mr.. Stevenson for
President. He did his best to
carry Oregon for Mr.. Steven
son but failed utterly. Senator
Morse then announced himself
an independent, and finally
he Joined the Democratic
Party. This will be his first
try in Oregon elections as a
Democrat. There are Demo-
Gratis in the State who like
Senator Morse no more than
do the Republicans.
The last time Senator Morse
won as a Republican he had a
lead of 100000 votes over a
weak Democrat. Oregon is still
a Republican State by all
counts and Senator Morse will
have his work cut out for him.