davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29
A WORD
TO THE WISE
By MRS. FRANK COLBY

Have you ever wondered why
it is that we speak of beef, veal,
pork, mutton, instead of Cow
meat. calf meat, hog meat, sheep
meat" etc? The reason is that
we should find Cow meat, calf
meat" etc., to be disturbing,
and more than little abhor-
rent. We do not like to be re-
minded Of the bodies Of slaugh-
tered animals while we are
lchewing on them.
That this is a euphemistic at
titude cannot be denied; but
the squeamishness is traditional,
and it began almost a thousand
years ago during the Norman
conquest.
When William the Conqueror
took over in England in 1866,
the Anglo-Saxons were reduced
to serfdom. The French-Speak-
ling Norman lords and their
faStidious ladies refused to sully
their lips with rude native
speech. Since the raising and
Strengthening of domestic ami
mails fell to the lot of the con-
quered English, it was quite
natural that. while on the hoof,
meat animals we're called by
Anglo-Saxon names; but when
dressed and prepared for the
conquerors' table, the meat be-
came Norman. Beef is the old
French word boef, meaning
COX" Veal is the old French
veel, meaning calf" Pork is
the old French pore. meaning
"hog." Mutton is the old French
motion. meaning sheep" The
modern French words are boeuf.
veau, pore, and mouton.
Our use of the word meat itself
is a euphemism, for originally
the word merely meant food. /"
1t was adopted apparently as a
more appetizing term than the
fortnight animal flesh"
Nor do we speak Of "a slice
of COW flesh" No: we use the
word steak. a subterfuge word
from the Old Morse stikna, which
meant Ito be roasted on a spit. "
We even avoid 1t so far as
I'VE can; we prefer TO use the
loin. T-bone, flank. ham, bacon.
Since Slaughter house" is a
Shuddery term, we preserve the
Illusion that meat is non-animal
by referring TO packing houses. /"
: Likewise, instead Of patronizing
the butcher" we do our shop
ping at the meat Market" and
are waited on by a meat han
der"
Distributed By MeRauvht Syndicate. Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29

In today'S deal Mr.. Masters
couldn't possibly win three heart
tricks. He had one loser in the
suit no matter how he played it
He decided to let the enemy
win the very first lead of that
suit-and that turned out to be
the key play on the hand.
Mrs. Keen led the queen OF
clubs and her partners king
held the first trick. The nine
of clubs was returned and Mr.
Masters ducked this also, Mrs.
Keen winning with the ten anC
leading a third round of the
suit. This Mr.. Masters had to
win and Mr.. Abel discarded a
small heart.
That was one suit counted
Mrs. Keen started with five
clubs and Mr.. Abel with two.
There were only eight tricks
in sight and the ninth one was
possible either in spades or dia-
monds. At trick four Mr.. Mas
tiers led a small diamond and
put in dummy's ten. Mr.. Abel
won with the jack and returned
the queen Of hearts.
Here Mr.. Masters made his
key play. He let Mr.. Abel win.
Another heart was led and
dummy'S ace won. Now the
king of diamonds was cashed
and another diamond led to the
ace. No luck. Mrs. Keen
showed out on the third dia-
mond lead. discarding a club.
Well. anyway, that was
another suit counted. Mrs. Keen
had started with two diamonds
and Mr.. Abel with four,
Mr.. Masters next laid down
his king of hearts and when
Mrs. Keen showed out Of this
suit, too, dropping another club,
the whole hand was crystal
clear.
Mrs. Keen was known to have
started with five clubs and two
cards in each of the red suits.
Therefore she had to have
exactly four spades.
Mr.. Masters led to the ace of
spades and back to the king,
in case one of Mr.. Abel'S two
spades was the jack.
Then he led a third spade and
fineSSed dummy'S ten, certain 1t
would win. The queen Of spades
furnished the ninth trick.
Note that if Mr.. Masters had
won the first heart he could not
have developed this accurate
count without risk. 1t was the
lead of the third round of
hearts which furnished the
final clue to Mrs. Keen's dis
tribution.
fconvvioht 1oER r;snerai Features Corn /
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29
CONTRACT
BRIDGE
BY EASLEY BLACKWOOD

When you have sure losers
In your hand it is always best
to lose those tricks early. This
is especially true at no-trumr
contracts.
South dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
NORTH
(Mr. Dale)
AAQ103
0Al02
oK103
1853
WEST EAST
MRS. Keen (Mr. AbeD
AJ965 AS2
065 0OJ973
o82 oOJ94
~QJ1082 Axe
SOUTH
(Mr. Masters)
AK74
0K84
oA765
%A74
The bidding:
South West North East
10 Pass "a Pass
INT Pass 3NT All pass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29

years ago today. the President
and his wife attended a football
game between the Universities
of Virginia and North Carolina.
Which President?
3-Who was President when
Louisa May Alcott was born, 124
years ago today?
ANSWERS on Next Page)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29
Why We Soy

USED TO BE WORK: Travel
ing is now a pleasant national
pastime. but the word once
meant the opposite. Travel is
derived from the French "tra-
vail" which originally meant
labor. because with poor trans
portation it was considered work
to travel before and during the
18th century.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-11-29
OUR PRESIDENTS
By HONORE M. CATUDAL

lon q vacation trip before
his Inauguration, a President
elect and his wife were well
coined at Kingston, Jamaica, SO
years ago today. Which Presi-
dent?
Pin Charlottesville. Va, %
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
DAVID LAWRENCE
Congress Makes Money Talk

They have been arguing that
America should give more and
more money to win mems
minds in the "neutralist"
countries. They have been
complaining that the South
east Asia treaties are actually
sinister-as they do no doubt
look to Nehru and the Commu-
nists = but they forget that
these pactS were meant to be
a warning against further ag-
erosion when the Indo- China
truce was signed and a means
of discouraging any more Ko-
rean wars.
It is remarkable how soon
those Americans who are
thinking so much about the
detectives of foreign countries
can SO readily forget the OBJ
jectiveS of their own country.
1t seems to be fashionable to
find fault with the American
policies - the foreigners are
pictured as always right.
But the Congress, irrespec-
tive of party. has spoken this
week-somewhat awkwardly,
to be sure, and without a clear
cut explanation of what's
back of it all. yet plainly on
one point. For the legislators
here in Washington are begin
ming to think a little more
about the interests of the
American people and not SO
much about the numerous
petitioners abroad who have
been demanding more and
more money as the price of
their cooperation with US.
It's not an encouraging
thing to see dissension in the
ranks here on foreign policy,
but it's in Congress and not
in the executive branch where
the "isolationism" has crop
ped up. And, of all things, it
has emerged in the Democratic
Party. whose votes have gone
to big money for defense of
America instead of for defense
of American military alliances
abroad.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28

Senator Styles Bridges of
New Hampshire, the senior Re-
publican member. sounded the
alarm gong from the floor of
the Senate against our being
entrapped by the sweetness
and light tactics of the Com
muniSt dictatorship. A staunch
supporter of President EisenA
hover. Senator Bridges felt,
however, in discussing the
grave international problems
confronting this Nation. that
the elected representatives
should be free of party dis
cipline and executive dicta-
ton"
We are today in an in
credible confusion about the
threats to this country. This
is due. according to Senator
Bridges, to the fact that we
overlook sometimes the pur-
pose of our foreign policy,
which is ito promote and pro-
tect the true interests of our
people,"
Senator Bridges pointed out
that the threat from Soviet
and international communism
means not only that of mill
tary conquest but also "of
spiritual and intellectual con-
quest" The American people
are cognizant Of the military
dangers confronting the Ma
ton: but they believe far less
in the dangers of the moral
and spiritual offensive of our
enemies"
1.-THE time has passed when
only mems bodies are con-
quered." Senator Bridges said.
I'VE now live in a world
where the dictators are as
much interested in the con-
quest of mems souls and minds
as that of their bodies and
lands. Security now also
means defense against spirit
ual and intellectual demorali-
cation"
For a number Of years our
neo-liberals have been critical,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
Pros at Governors Conference Feel
New Yorker Hasn't Qualified

Yet there is uneasiness among
Republicans about his health
and about Vice President Rich
ard Nixon's total unpopularity
with Democrats and indie
pendentS.
They shuddered when Gov.
Luther Hodges of North Caro-
lima, admittedly a Democrat
but a stable. fortnight man.
calmly called Nixon untrust-
worthy. This is a damning in
dictment in politics; it is the
one which cost Henry Wallace
a second term as Franklin D.
Roosevelt'S Vice President and,
therefore, the presidency.
Democrats accept Eisen-
hover as the man to beat and
Stevenson as their candidate.
They are uneasy on several
counts. including:
The Presidents high show
ing in polls, which some deSpise
but think influence public
opinion. Full employment
which, they fear, will keep
labor's rank and file away
from the polls on election day.
The effect of the civil rights
issue. not so much in the South
as in the big States.
Finally. Democrats wonder
If Stevenson can keep up that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
DORIS FLEESON
Hartman Being Written off,

California pace and excite the
electorate. What they really
want is a Park avenue Harry
Truman and they fear that,
except for fits and starts, they
are getting only the Park
avenue.
This feeling will no doubt
influence the choice of a
Democratic vice presidential
nominee. Above all, they want
a campaigner.
Present Stevenson estimates
of 500 f1rst-ballot votes are,
in the general view, too con-
sentative. The Stevenson peo-
pie were busy here but man
aged to avoid any pitfalls.
Gov. Hartman did not help
himself. This is a gathering
of pros and they felt he hadn't
yet qualified. He made mis-
takes in the conference itself
by being heard too much and
too often. He gave the general
effect of being too eager.
The pros already had writ
ten of Senator Estes Kefauver.
They are now writing of Har-
riman. Some think he should
have seized the Park avenue
Truman role and forgot the
South. But as one Democrat
wryly put 1t: IF you insult
the South, you can't be nomi-
mated; if you don't insult
them, you can't be elected"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
DORIS FLEEsON

ATLANTIC CITY, N. j.,
June %. National politics
took the play away from the
State Governors here, which
is normal in a presidential
year.
The 81 Republicans suffered
the additional handicap, so
familiar to Democrats during
the Roosevelt regime. of being
under the blanket of their
popular President. The total
concentration of the party on
an Eisenhower draft all but
effaced them as news figures.
BY contrast, the presence
here of Adlai Stevenson's only
avowed challenger. Gov. Aver
ell Hartman, combined with
the sense that Stevenson is
moving toward a f1rst-ballot
coup, made each of the Demo-
Gratis a figure to be watched
and consulted.
Reporters are here from all
parts of the country. After
comparing their notes from
three crowded days and nights,
they leave here with some gen.
eral and a few specific impress
sions.
President Eisenhower is ex-
pected by all the pros to run,
and he is the favorite to win.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
|Furouk Pays Off
PIedqe to TV Girl

FLORENCE. Italy, June %
CR.-Ex-King Farouk of Egypt,
who complains that he's a poor
man now, has made good on a
$4,000 promise to a television
quiz contestant.
Farouk's secretary and a
Rome attorney. Giulio d'Amelio
arrived at the home Of shapely
young Marisa zocchi near Flor
ence and handed her a certified
check for 100000 lire $4,000
Marisa won the same amount
recently on the program "Lascia
o Raddoppia" Double OF
Nothing) by answering uues-
tons on bicycle racing. She an
nounced tearfully on the pro-
gram that she would stop al
that point rather than try fol
the $4,000 jackpot in order to be
sure Of some prize money To help
her ailing mother. She said she
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Senator Bridges Warns That Soviet Aims
To Conquer Bodies, Minds and Souls

on the surface. Of the policies
Of the Kremlin. At the same
time they have done their
utmost to hamper. under the
cloak of seeing a direct men
ace to the Bill of Rights, the
sanitation job against the
Kremlin's tools by Congress,
the FBI. and other agencies.
"The American is not NOR
ally weak" said Senator
Bridges. But ! do say that we
are morally confused. Nowhere
is the moral confusion worse
than among the so-called lib
eral intellectuals. This con-
fusion tends to paralyze the
mind and the will. The more
extended the paralysis the
greater the Communist VIC
tory"
Senator Bridges, like many
other thinking Americans, does
not believe that anything has
changed radically in Moscow
now. "At present we are being
told that some mysterious and
memorable law of history and
economics is remaking the con-
duct Of the Russians and that
things are going to be hence
forth different" he said.
He then proceeded to take to
pieces the historic "phony"
speech of Nikita Khrushchev
before the Goth Communist
Party Congress: This man,
engaged In denouncing Stain
for these crimes, is the most
prominent member of an oil
garchy which. since it has
come to power, has been doing
the very things of which Stain
is now accused"
Senator Bridges, who be-
cause Of his position as chair
man Of the Republican Policy
Committee knows the tendency
toward "a little softness" to-
wards Moscow on the part of
a relatively small but infiuen-
tial group in the administra-
ton, cautions against it: Are
we going to give way, here q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Secretary of State Dulles says Russas an-Stalin drive
weakens communism The Ike team claims deserves reeec
ton for having the rare Judgment to be in Office when Stain
died.
Some Democrats boom Senators Humphrey Minnesota
Kennedy Of Massachusetts for Vice President
their records be against them Unfortunately neither
record is blank
Happiness Any mood experienced long ago that you've
forgotten what it was you were worrying about
Senate Democrats vote the Air Force extra ST billion
Ikes objection Eisenhower officials aren't safe Washington
streets Every night sugs one of them and
stuffs more money in his pocket
Most Republican candidates want Vice President Nixon
the ticket They figure he'll draw much Democratic fire. they
can all sneak into office without being noticed
Why it that speaker who to give the long
and the short OF It, never gets around to the short Of it?
Senators investigate release of secret White House
for book about Eisenhower The Ike team accused of the
high crime Of giving information than public
time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28

ATLANTIC CITY, N. j..
June 28.-Though it may be
vain hope, Gov. George Bell
Zimmerman, jr.. Of South
Carolina, a mild-mannered-
enough fellow, may be the last
Of a long line from the South
to try, In effect. to re-establish
the Confederacy - peacefully,
of course.
But he got no comfort here
from other Southern Cover
nors with his 1856 model of a
fading Southern maneuver.
His aim is to threaten
Democrats in 81 States out
side the South which supply
the votes if a Democrat is
elected to the White House.
with a split-off of IL Southern
States unless the 81 others
accept a special Southern
version of what the Demo-
cratic Party ought to stand
for. Nor is that special Dixie
version subscribed to by a
great many Southerners.
Though Gov. Zimmerman,
in his feeble, lone-wolf rebel
yell, denied that he was pro-
noting a third-party move
ment, that is exactly what
would result If he were
successful.
For under his scheme, if the
Indignation and civil rights
planks in the Chicago Demo-
cratic Conventions platform
we're not to the South's liking.
then Southern delegations
would go back home and act
accordingly, which means in
dependently. What else would
there be but a third party?
1t is obvious TO anybody that
a great national party. which
is what the Democratic Party
considers itself to be, could not
follow Gov. Timmerman's ulti-
matum for a plank denouncing
the Supreme Courts public
school indignation decision. And
1t is not going to do anything
of the kind, Of course. So the
Governor is merely inviting
himself and the South out of
the party.
But he found here that his
fellow Southern Governors IRE
in no mood this year for a
walkout at the convention or
a third party. And the other
Southern Governors themselves
found the Northern Governors
equally anxious to avoid such a
party split.
Consequently. the Governors
powerful as they are polit-
ically In their States-are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
Corolino's Zimmerman Found Governors
In No Mood for q WoIkout

making no plans to join up
with their South Carolina
colleague. From the sidelines
they will observe the confer
ence he has called of State
party chairmen in Atlanta
early in July to talk over the
Tim m erman hit-and-run
scheme. Governors have not
been invited to participate.
What explains the unre-
ceptive attitude of so many
Southern leaders toward this
gesture of defiance, especially
when Southern resistance to
the Supreme Court decision is
at its height?
Aside from a sense of fitness
and responsibility which a new
generation Of younger leaders
is helping 10 instill, there is
another motiye. a practical
political motive, behind the
earnest desire of most South
ern party leaders for as near
united party as possible.
Southern leaders want to
continue Democratic control of
Congress from which they and
the South benefit so hand
somely, enjoying the lions
share Of key posts. including
com mittee chairmanships,
through operation of the
seniority rule.
Thus the South exercises an
influence in national policy far
beyond its commensurate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
THOMAS 1. STOKES
Democrats Shun the Dixie Split

Observation-Disclosures and
otherwiSe-in the country as a
whole. That. too, is to the ad-
vantage of Southern interests,
including the still-politically-
powerful conservative element
embraced in business, industry
and finance. as we'll as the
more progressive political ele-
ment that draws its support
from increasingly better Or
ganized labor and farmers.
While the Democratic South
continues to make its substan-
tial contribution to Congress
because of one-party domi-
nance. the party cannot con-
troll Congress without consid-
cradle help in election of DEM
ocratic Senators and House
members from other sections.
For the necessary contribu-
ton from non-South constitu-
encies. a strong national party
is essential. A strong national
party is not possible without a
united front, or as near united
as our political parties can be-.
And a united front is not pos
sible if the South dasheS off
into third parties, taking atti-
tudes that ALLEVIATE voters in
other sections or otherwise
dissipating the party's national
effort.
Many astute Southern lead
ers see very plainly that in
promoting division. dissension
or third parties, the South is
cutting of its nose to spite its
face.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
Drive to Cut Aid and Boost Air Funds
Viewed as Sign u. S. Hasn't Gone Soft

that it is unwise to rely on
overseas bases. Whatever prop
uganda victories Communist
Russia gets out of the yam
kee go home" slogans in Ice
lands election campaign or in
Egypt Or in Tunisia or else
where. the Congress of the
United States is beginning to
believe that the best way to
protect this country is by in
tercontinental bonn bers, a
strong naval air force with
carriers fully equipped to carry
all kinds of bombs, and a
mobile force of ground troops.
Members Of Congress cannot
in the very nature Of things
become military experts, but
they are swayed by events in
the world that take on special
significance to them. For weeks
a few Democrats. with some
traces of partisan motivation,
have been regularly picking
flaws in the foreign policy of
the United States with a series
of speeches. Whenever the
Kremlin makes an effective
move of infiltration somewhere,
it is promptly blamed on
Dulles. or on Eisenhower's ill
ness c. on his lack of pressure
on Congress. 1t is Immediately
urged. moreover, that there be
a REORGANIZATION" of our
policies.
Unless, of course, the Demo-
Gratis who are articulate on
this subject really want the
United States to get into a
war in order to force the
Communists to behave, there
isn't much point in blaming
the State Department for the
aggressive acts of the Kremlin.
But the critics who must
really be disappointed over
the attitude of Congress this
week are those who have been
extolling Nehru and praising
his virtues as a "neutralist. !"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
Senate Group Okoys
Punumu CunuI Bill
By the Associated Press

The Senate Commerce Com
mittee has approved a bill to
transfer control over the Pan
anna Canal Zone from the Army
to the Commerce Department.
1t also would make sweeping re-
visions in the formula for de-
termining tolls for ships using
the canal.
Under existing law. the Canal
Zones supervision is vested in
the President who. by tradition,
has given It TO the Army because
Of the engineering aspects.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-28
Alarm Gong Against Red Trap

little. there a little, to peoples
Of this stripe? There was once
q British minister who went to
Munich to get what he called
peace in our time You know
what happened. Are we going
to ignore and pass over and
rationalize these things?"
He wonders how any Amer
lean in his right mind, unless
he is a victim of the present
intellectual confusion, can
want to deal with the Red
regimes when the captive peo-
pies from East Germany to
North Korea and North Wet
Nam were driven into the
Kremlin's prison of nations.
and are still Theoretically
sealed against escape"
1t is a known fact that q
number of influential star
gazers in this country-includ-
ing some in the administra.
tion-are now more than in
the past toying with the idea
Of inviting to Washington the
B&K team and President Tito
OF Yugoslavia.
To this Senator Bridges has
this to say: when Comrades
Khrushchev. Bulganin and
Mikoyan stage state visits, they
pose as merely the heads Of
one country. This pose unfor-
tunately is accepted at face
value. Yet only the most be-
fuddled can be unaware that
these despots are at the same
time the heads of a world rev.
dictionary movement So why
the new optimism? Why the
disastrous letdown of our Wig.
lance? We are today neck
deep in confusions and illu-
sions, as if the 1905 had never
been. In order to soothe our
nerves and conscience, we are
fed with fairy tales about the
new looks in the Communist
world and the magic of COL
lective leadership. Ger
tainly, this is not the time
to dignity the culprits Of the
Kremlin by accepting them
and extending the courtesieS
Of normal statesmen"