davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-06-01

fertilizer is used on his pasture because
he finds il more convenient to rent the
needed extra grazing.
Land Rum Down
Farmer A knows that his land is run
down but he uses no fertilizer. Had
he increased his hay yield by 1 ton
per acre he need not have bought any
hay. Had he doubled his pasture yield
he could have released 20 acres or so
for grain production. His added costs,
mainly for labor and fertilizer, are
likely to be much less than the 81, 300
he paid for extra hay and grain.
Time spent irrigating on farm A
was about fourth of a day per acre;
on B and c it was about one day per
acre for the season. Machine use and
cost per acre was also greater on farms
B and c than on A This extra effort
can be carried to the point where it
becomes cheaper to buy additional feed
than to bear the rising costs and labor
required to gain the extra yield.
Financial Management
Many other important expenses can
be varied according to the circum-
stances, needs and abilities of the OPP
orator. For instance, A paid $92 in
terest on a chatteI mortgage whereas
B paid $418 on real estate mortgage.
AS chattel mortgage is secured by
temperament depreciable assets and
so is limited in amount. B in effect
makes more use of his credit and gets
stronger backing for a longer time at
lower interest rates.
Although B pays more interest, the
present rate of earnings on his labor
and his smaller farm equity are high
er, perhaps because he is less crowded
by short term demands on his income.
Depreciation, although not a direct
cash expense, can be one of the most
burdensOme costs. It is increased by
equipment and buildings that are new
or not fully used and therefore not
necessarily related to the service which
is forthcoming.
Too Many Tractors
For example, Farmers B and C op-
Grated with single tractors and had
depreciation costs of $42O and 1891,
respectively. Farmer A had two trac-
tors and more equipment, less inten-
sively used, for cost Of $1,O67. The
lahor force on these farms could not
o'ten operate two tractors stimuli
t7roously
he sc eo9V be to select equip
9nt r ing the wcrll that
do not neea 10 5'o7tors at 200. In
cases of need, it may be about as ca Y
TO hire man and tractor as a man
alone.
COst-Price Spread
On commercial dairy farms efficiency
does not always depend on boosting
production rates. 1t is necessary to
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-06-01
Social Security Can Help
Patterson Agreements
By M. E. OUENEMOEN*

the father owns all capital assets Gland,
machinery, livestock, etc., pays all
the expenses, and furnishes none of the
labor.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-06-01

income and the son or younger operator
takes one-third.
Variations of Agreement
Variations of this type of agreement
are often made For example, the son
may be guaranteed a minimum wage
in case his share does not equal hired
mans wages, and in some cases the
son may be given share of the capital
assets as a gift This would then be-
come a part of his contribution to the
business and would make his share
larger.
In many cases this arrangement Is
followed until the son has acquired
large enough equity in the business 10
purchase all the assets except the land.
Then the agreement may be shifted
over to ga ordinary 1ease-share ar
rangemene.
PAX implications
Both income and social security tax
consequences should be considered in
making these business arrangements.
Here are some questions to consider:
l. Will income taxes be reported on
a partnership basis or individually?
q How will the social security taxes
be handled? 1t is possible both parties
may be considered self-employed; or
one may be self-employed and the other
an employee; or one may be self-em-
ployed and the other considered as.
landlord with income treated as rent.
8. What arrangement for transferring
property will result in most favorable
treatment taxwise?
Each arrangement will have to be
considered individually and separately.
Therefore no attempt is made here to
answer these questions. They should be
given careful consideration, however.
For more information on Patterson
business agreements see Extension Bull
letin 247 available at your county Exten-
sion office.
And be sure to check your proposed
agreement with Internal Revenue or
Social Security representatives to make
sure it is consistent with your tax and
retirement detectives.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-06-01

Here the father or older operator re-
ceives two-thirds of the gross farm
income and the son or younger operator
takes one-third.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06

those things again. He heard
them the first time.
Apparently Mr.. Dale was in
terested in getting a choice be-
tween spades and hearts. Mr..
Champion properly co-operated,
On this hand it might be
argued that if Mr.. Champion
had held three cards to the
queen in both spades and hearts
and no other high cards, he
would not have replied to a one
spade opening, and yet game
would have been makeable five
spade tricks. four heart tricks
and the ace of clubsl.
That is true, but it involves
the finding of two specific high
cards in partners hand-two
cards which fit perfectly with
Mr.. Dale's hand.
If we are going to consider
hypothetical cases, here is the
other extreme. Again we find
partner with two queens, but this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
Answer to LITERARY
Appliance SuIes Listed

NEW YORK.-More than Z
million ranges and refrigerators
are purchased in the United
States each year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
By MRS. FRANK COLBY

d. p, a Denver police officer,
wants the origins of three words:
Henchman, sheriff and constable.
The word henchman is from
the Anglo Saxon, hengest,
horse" plus the word man,
hence a groom. Later the SPELL
ing became "henchman," and the
word came to mean IAN attend
ant or squire. hence, a supporter.
Sheriff originally was the
Anglo : Saxon scir gerefa, "a
IShire-reeve." or in more familiar
words, "a province officer or
steward.
The word constable has its
origin in the Latin comes stabuli,
count of the stable" which ORR
Iginally was the title Of a dignitary
Of the Roman Empire.
Mrs. L. j.. of st. Louis, asks
if there is any connection between
the words panic and pandemon-
ium. Offhand the words appear
to be related. since they both be-
/ gin with "pan," and since they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
WORD GAME
Find % or more words in
SAGITTAL,

meaning, resembling an arrow"
Average is 20; time limit, 20
minutes.
Rules Of the game-1 Words must be
OF four or more letters. @ Words which
ACQUIRE todr letters by the addition OF
IS. such as bats cars" are not
used. 4. PROPER names are not used.
Answer TO LITERARY
later. layer, lair, laity, liar, lire. liter
yre, rate, tier, tael. tail, tale, tare,
carry. terra, teear. teal, terry, tire, tier,
tile, trey, tray, trial trailer, trier, early,
earl, ran. rale. rate, rarity, rarely, relit,
real, rely. relay, rear. retail reality.
realty, rite, ale. airy, ALT, alert, alter,
arll, ariel. arty. airy, year
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06

time they are the minor suit
queens. His hand might be:
a., rs 4, . S75, %754
With that as a dummy, would
you like to be playing a game
contract with Mr.. Dale'S hand?
OF course even the best play
erS will occasionally open a two
bid and eventually go set at a
game contract. Also they will
occasionally fail to bid game
when it is there. But as a gen.
eral rule I suggest that you re-
serve your two bids for those
hands which will come within
one trick of making game with
out help from partner.
Copyright, 1856, General Features Corp.
tcopyrisht 1856 General Features Corp
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06

In today's deal Mr.. Dale had a
fine hand, but his chances for
game were pretty bleak unless
Mr.. Champion had enough to re-
spond to a one-spade bid.
When Mr.. Champion did re-
spond with one no-trump, Mr..
Dale decided the hand should
play at game. He looked for a
bid that could not be passed. A
jump rebid in a new suit is such
a bid. So he said three hearts.
Note that over the three-heart
bid Mr.. Champion bid three
spadeS-not three no-trump.
With a hand as weak as his.
there is temptation to bid
three no-trump in a situation of
this kind on the theory that it is
weaker" bid than three
spades.
Not so. Mr.. Champion had
already announced a balanced
hand, suited to no-trump play
and weak in high cards. BY in
ference (his failure to raise
spades on the first round) he
had indicated he did not have
full trump support for spades.
No reason to tell Mr.. Dale
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
A WORD TO THE WISE

are somewhat similar in meaning.
The resemblance is coincidental.
Panic is from the Greek PAM
kos, of or pertaining to Pan"
HySterical fear was once sup
posed to be caused by the god
Pan. the rural god of Arcadia.
The word pandemonium is from
the Greek pan. "all," plus dali
mon. "a demon" hence the home
of all the demons, hence, a place
of tumult or wild uproar and in
fernal confusion.
Other interesting words from
the Greek pam, "all." are pam
acea, from the Greek panakes,
all healing; pancreas, from
Ipankreas, AL flesh; panegyric,
from panegyris. IAN assembly of
all the people: panoply, from
Ipanhoplon, AL armor";; panta-
loon. from pantaleon, "all lion:
pantheon, from panteios, all of
the god; pantomine. from pam
Itomimos, "all initiating; piano.
rama, from panhorama, "all that
which is seem"
(T1;etrih,4o5 ~. ur.Ny...G.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
Why We Soy

FRIENDSHIP: When we shake
hands today it is a sign Of
friendship. Originally shaking
hands was a precaution used so
that each person would be sure
that the other was not reaching
for his sword with his right
hand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
CONTRACT
BRIDGE
BY EASLEY BLACKWoOD

Here is a point that chronic
two-bldders often forget in their
ee ernesS to make sure of reach
in@ game. If your partner does
have enough to respond to your
one bid, you can always make a
second-round bid that is alb
solutely forcing.
South dealer.
Both sides vulnerable.
NORTH
(Mr. Champion)
Al075
3Q7
pJ653
%K432
WEST EAST
(Mr. AbeD (Mr Masters)
AQ82 A94
Vl098 V5432
Q109S DAK7
%Q108 %J975
SOUTH
(Mr. Dale)
AAKJ63
7AKJ6
p42
%A6
The bidding:
South West North East
a Pass MT Pass
y Pass "a Pass
- All pass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-06
OUR PRESIDENTS
BY HONORE M. CATUDAL

For the third time in our
history. a First Lady died in the
White House, AZ years ago today.
Who?
2-"What has been done is the
greatest achievement of organ
lied science in history" said the
President. IL years ago today.
What historic news did the
President announce?
Sin his first campaign for
an elective Office. a great Presi-
dent was defeated, l24 years ago
today. Which President?
ANSWERS on Next Page
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-06-15
Arnold Kramer Of Madison is Bar Mitzvah

The Bar Mzvah of Arnold Michael
Mrs HYem Kramer of Madison Florida took place Saturday
Vadosa Congrega
ion
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-06-15
Jewish Broadcast
Set For Sunday

''The Man Who Rode Like
Revere" written by William
Wise, will be presented on the
Eternal Light radio program on
Sunday, June II, 1856 Q2:3O-1:OO
P. NJ, EDST, NBC Network an
nounced the Jewish Theological
Seminary of America, under
whose auspices the program is
conducted. The Eternal Light, a
coast-to-coast radio program, is
presented as a public service by
the National Broadcasting Com
pany.
"The Man Who Rode Like
Revere" is the stirring story of
Francis Salvador whose heroic
ride during the American Revolu-
ton saved the Colony of South
Carolina.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-06-15
COCOA, FLORIDA
'F1Ome of the Guided Missile"

There were receptions honoring
Arnold. rendered by his parents.
on both Friday evening and Sat
urdaY morning following Services.
There were many out of town
guests who participated in the
festivities honoring Arnold.
On Sunday, June 3rd, Arnold
was honored by his parents at a
seated dinner at the Jacksonville
Jewish Center, at which time the
beautifully decorated Bar Mitzvah
cake was cut and served.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-06-15

with gold medal, the Lena and
Lewis Perlman> Memorial Award,
sponsored by the children of the
late Lena and Lewis Perlman, to
the most outstanding student in
Hebrew School, in loving memory
of their dear parents.
During both Services Arnold
brilliantly delivered two Bar
Mitzvah speeches that held the
congregation literally spellbound.
If souls can speak. Arnold's did.
for what he said seemed to come
from his very soul. His words
floated through the air only TO
rest in everYone's heart. It was
truly heartening and touching to
see the pride this Bar Mitzvah boy
took in the poetic holiness and
beauty of the religious occasion.
Arnold, who has had to travel
about sixty miles round trip, each
time he received his Hebrew les
son, plans to continue his Hebrew
and Sunday School education.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1956-06-15

Arnold who is an outstanding
and brilliant Hebrew student, as
sisted Rabbi Gorod in the leading
of the Sabbath morning services.
Arnold very capably performed
the chanting of the Blessings and
Haftorah. Arnold also very ably
conducted the late Friday Evening
Services the evening before his
Bar Mitzvah. During these Serv-
ices, the Rabbi presented Arnold
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-19

cvoronfeed Doodoront
Prot0eSion : instead of
fancy advertising claims
instead of stories about
mysterious ingredients +!
dO-Ro-No assures a
mOney-back guarantee of
the best "a hour protec-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-19
HOH'f barn or sting the sCOHHd!
No pOisOn LabeU Safe-eUen
If SWALLOWED accidentally!

!. RoM 4 EAMouS
NoSpNAk couleS star
Ting news. ISODINEe
-ne~ p.IinIeSs iodine!
Proved sale by doctors
and up To 20 times faster
than other germ killerSs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-08-19
ny TOM HENRY
Wide Word

Token The wife Of Whitley Ford pitcher for the New
York Yankees keeps ScrGpbOOk Of his baseball dOings
Wd0f unusual item did she recently add to he collection?
AtWO-dollar bill that fOated down to the mound dur
ing game with the Boston Red SON.
-M.K.S.. MI. Vernon, N. y.
New Throne An american aircraft company
lear Enc) has hired ex-Onavch head its advanced
flight Instrument training school in Geneva Switzerland
WHO is he?
Michael. former king Of Rumana. -. who IS an
experienced pilot Incidentally. it's his first job since his
loss Of the throne. HIS, Ch0nabeESbWg Pa.
Change Why has Secretary Of Defense Wilson
ordered all veterinarians in e armed forces into other
military Jobs?
There were more veterinarians than animals. The
directive affected $50 officers and enlisted and
two brigadier generals. -E.W., Taunton. Mass.
NOIE We this colna OOsshons
ekppo OF
ADDRESS, TtaS WEEK. 40 Avenue New foh ~ ~
u"oeeep'ed eonitsnoa eon"o be acknowledged s'"ed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06
U. S. Urged to Ask
Reds About Lutvidn

Latvia's government-in-exile
wants the United States to ask
Moscow what became of Karlis
Umanlis, the anti-C Communist
president of Latvia who was
taken away by the Russians 16
years ago.
Mr.. Umanlis was last seen in
July, 1940-a month after Russia
Ioverran tiny Latvia, as he was
put on a train headed for Mos
COW.
The United States has never
recognized RuSsia's annexation of
Latvia. Through all those years,
a Latvian legation has been
maintained in Washington.
DR.. ArnoldS Spekke, minister,
conferred with Deputy Under
secretary of State Robert
Murphy yesterday.
Department officials gave no
indication as to whether the re-
quest would be fulfilled.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06

Kirk, executive director of the
international Affairs Depart
ment of the National Council of
Churches of Christ in the United
States. He indicated Americans
believe that basically the Situa-
ton of Latvia, Estonia and Lith-
uania, and even the situation Of
Communist satellite states in
Eastern Europe, represents So
Wet colonialism.
Lithuania. Latvia and Estonia,
independent before World War
II. later were absorbed into the
USSR as Soviet republics. Met
ropolitan Nikolai indicated that
his side of the talks looked upon
the situation of the Baltic States
as essentially a political one out
side the sphere of discussion. and
that. therefore, the Soviet dele
cation could not discuss those
COullIIlcS.
Cites Goal Of Peace
In his formal statement Met
ropolitan Nikolai spoke in gen.
eral terms of a will of the Rus
sian Orthodox Church to help
the cause of world peace and he
called for the unity of Christians
to surmount difficulties. the chief
of which he said was mistrust.
The talks were adjourned last
night. few hours ahead of
schedule, and will not now be
resumed until Monday, when the
touring Soviet clergymen again
reach New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06
'Porey and Bess'
Troupe Returns

NEW YORK. June 6 P.-The
"Porgy and Bess" players. trav-
elingest troupe in show business.
are home again.
The all-Negro cast, which has
turned George Gershwin's folk
opera into a global roadshow, ar
rived by plane yesterday from a
seven-month tour of Europe.
The tour included perform
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06

Soviet clerics with American
church leaders, who were their
guests in Moscow last March, the
two groups appeared to have run
up against basic disagreements
in terms.
The talks at Seabury House
here. seat of the Protestant
Episcopal Church in the United
States. seemed to have developed
into a sparring match between
the American chufchmen and
the Russians. There appeareS
to be disagreement, for example,
on the meaning of the term
"colonialisn." The Americans
issued what looked like a chal-
lenge to the Russians on this
issue, which is one of the cor
nerStones Of Communist world
propaganda.
Van Kirk Gives Response
Metropolitan Nikolai, chair
man Of the visiting Soviet dele
cation and head of the Moscow
Russian Orthodox Diocese, said
he felt both sides in these talks
aimed at increasing East West
understanding colonial
ism must be destroyed.
The American response was
delivered by DR.. Walter w. Van
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06
IsrueI Will Increase
Acreage

JERUSALEM.-Israel's Min
istry of Agriculture reports
plans to expand citrus-fruit
groves to cover $4,000 acres by
1859, a 80 per cent increase over
the present area covered by
citrus.
Other fruit and vine crops are
to be increased from 1000 acres
to $4,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06

Iances on both sides Of the iron
curtain.
Robert Breen. director and CO.
producer of the show. said the
65-member company was inn
pressed with the high cost of
living behind the iron curtain.
One performer paid $3.50 for a
chocolate bar. Another said he
paid 500 for a doll that was
worth 81.
Mr.. Breen said the Russians
idea of the American Negro lis
$50 years behind the times"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06
Gen. Price New Chief
AT Mcclellan Field
81 me Associated Press

The Air Force has announced
the assignment of Maj. Gen.
George E. Price as commander
at Mcclellan Field, near Sacra-
mento, Calf, effective July 8.
Gen. Price, now director of
developmental requirements at
AirForce headquarters here, will
succeed Mai. Gen. William Hef-
ley. The Air Force advised Rep
Preventative Moss, Democrat Of
California, that Gen. Hehey's
new assignment has not been
ANNOUNCED.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-06
Soviet, U. s.. CIerics Split
On CoIonioIism Meaning

GREENWICH. Conn, June 6 lF-The Soviet Unions dele
cation of eight church leaders headed for Upper New York State
today after discovering in two of talks that
than Americans and Russians speaking different
language.
Despite surface atmosphere of corday the meeting
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-15
HELP-WoMEN

NURSE, registered, for medical elm
ic, 40-hr. wk. Medical and hospi-
nual and 70 days sick leave per
yr. Elk. 3-593S.
NURSE, exper.. for dr.'s. once: must
be able to type well and assume
responsibilities. Interesting work
and rapid promotion for qualified
person Age, 25-4O. MA. SCAT
Mon or EN-. 2-77S7, Sat. pm. or
Sun. after / am.
NURSE. registered. for doctors Of
flee tipping required Call Elk. B.
Ass or KE. S-4107.
NURSE, exper. graduate, night shift.
care OF elderly people Call 10.
S-a303
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-15

Systems Engineering
Electro-Mechanical
Development
Transistor Applications
VHF-UHF Techniques
Digital Techniques
Navigation Devices
Communications
Equipment
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-15
HELP-WoMEN

DRUG sToRE-Experienced on cisar
candy. cosmetic or drug counter
Capable Of managing dept. NJ
nights. holidays or Sun. Top wage
HOOD REXALL DRUG CO., corner
9TH and e st. NV.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1956-12-28

pastor Of St Poul Baptist church.
Pine Bluff. The Health Workshop
special will be conducted by Mrs.
Sarah Howard. state health chair
man. Demonstration Of home and
family life will be presented by
Mrs. Fannie Boone, chairman Of
Rural Service. L. L. Phillips,
chairman of civil defense, will
give some important and political
information. Theme of the state
meeting is Building Together"
Each unit in the state is urged
TO be present. A one hundred
dollar scholarship vii be given to
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1956-12-28
State PTA Plans
Meeting

The planning committee of the
State Arkansas Congress Of Color
ed Parents and Teachers met Sat
urday at the state office, sos IL
Gaines street. and outlined : pro-
gram for the state meeting which
will be held in Pine Bluff. March
l and 2. The meeting of the ex-
eeutive board will be held Feb
ruary % at 7 p. m. at Merrill
hi school, Massey Jordan, prinei-
pal.
The executive comittee compris-
es a cross section Of the board
members throughout the state FRI
day morning Mrs. Dovie Ander-
son. state president, will deliver
her annual address. Friday nights
program will feature a concert by
the local bands Of Pine Bluff and
the Dads club. The principal adj
dress will be given by Rev. Davis,
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1956-12-28

II you hold u S. Series Savings Bonds that mature this month
you give yourself pat the back for the wise buy you
made For every three dollars you invested in l94 you have
four dollars land had you spent that money 10 years
chances whatever you bought would have been long since
out)
Today you be All you do just hold onto
those Bonds Keep them for another years and you'll
sl8O for every dollar you put into them For example, Bond
you bought for will pay you back s674 And the best
part of you don't have do anything but keep your Bonds
No papers sign Not visit the bank necessary.
Remember this too! Savings Bonds Of the safest
investments you make. Your principal guaranteed safe
up any amountand your Of interest is guaranteed
by the United States Government
So keep the Savings Bonds you have and add TO them
either through Payroll Savings by buying Bonds where you
regularly bank.
Arkansas State press. [volume] (Little Rock, Ark.) 1941-1959, 1956-12-28

a worthy student to continue his
or her education In some college.