davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

sich leave. the 40-hour week. less
Strenuous work, and opportunity for
seif-improvement.
Farmers are making some adj
r'stments to meet the competition.
such as the use Of labor-saving ma
cbinery and better arrangement Of
buildings These adjustments have.
however. required investments OF
capita. and farmers unable to get
aoGitional capital are going 10 fird
il hard to compete with increases
III farm wage rates. the economists
believe
Tie ratio OF prices received to
farm wage rates has dropped. n
other words. it takes more bushels
Of corn OF pounds of pork 70 pay for
a days labor today than in 1910.
This trend is likely to continue for
Sane wears. but at a less rapid
rat5
However. today each hour OF Ia
Dor used III the production of farm
products is, or the average. produc-
ing almoS. twice as much as it did
il pre-World War II days. T h S
doubling has helped lessen the price
cost squeeze. And many improved
farming practices. such as the use
Of hybrids. higher analyses Of fertil-
izer. and more efficient Insecticides
and fungicides. have also increased
production and reduced labor needs
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14
Buckingham Young Farmer Group
Picks Dairyman For Top Award

Forrest Monk" Guthrie. III. was
selected by the Buckingham Young
Farmer Association as its choice
tor Young Farmers Of the Year"
award. He is a cnarter member of
fhe Buckingham chapter which was
organized in 1851. He has served the
chapter as secretary. progr
chairman. delegate to state conven-
ton and president.
With brief business career and
an enviable war record the 80 year
Old farmer gave his life hopes a
thorough going over before he
'nnped into the full-time business
Of farming He started farming in
.o4J.
Guthrie is farming on a partner
ship basis with his aunt, Mrs. Zanie
G. Stone. She takes no active part
IN the management of the farm but
leaves that in the capable hands of
ne. nephew
Good Future in Farming
Monk" Guthrie did not get into
farming by accident. but rather by
ce:efully laid plans He had the
necessary background and has
moved tight into the farm opera
tl9n He was raised on farm and
received two years OF vocational
sarlcultlne at Buckingham Central
High School where he was also
member of the All club.
Since he started his farming.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

parloi. The bulk storage tank. pipe
line washer and pump were added
this year
Il believe that the farmer must
sDecialize to get ahead today" said
Guthrie. removing his ever-present
baseball nat 10 scratch his a d
,sioughtfElly. Il have decided to go
III strictly for dairylng. That is my
speciality and | intend to stick with
it,
Of course that doesn't mean that
he will spend all of his time in the
dairy barn. There are too many
items in general farming that go
with dairying He tries to raise his
own feed as much as possible.
Keeping his pastures in shape. re-
pairing and building new buildings.
and keeping his herd at maximum
prcdactlon is a full-time job.
All Related to Dairying
On the side Guthrie keeps Is
sheep, but he explains these by say
ing that they go we'll with a dairy
operation. He also raises a few
layers and hogs for home con-
sumption
Il. the line of living off the farm"
Guthrie has home garden and
this year canned 300 pints CT fruits
and vegetables and cured several
hundred pounds of pork. He also
makes use Of freezing locker and
has mutton. pork and beef frozen
and ready for use
Ten years ago. December 20,
1916. Guthrie and Miss Mary Ellen
Wills were married. They now have
four youngsters ranging in age from
eight years to four months. Mary
Lou is eight years old. Frances Ann,
six. John Forres t. three. and
Thomas Will. four months
Bringing the farm up to the pres
emf state of production has GER
talnly been no picnic, said Guthrie
Gordon Baldwin echoed his sentl-
lnents by noting that the farm was
in a rundown condition when Guth-
RE bought it,
He needed adequate buildings and
fences. the buildings and dwelling
needed repairs: the pasture land
carving capacity was too low: and
there was a dire need fcl' equip
ment and machinery
A quick look at the farm house
viii show what has been done in the
last few years. Guthrie put in
pressure water system. built cabi-
nets for the kitchen. put rubber tile
in the kitchen. painted two bed
rooms. built two closets, improved
electrical wiring, sanded and refin-
ished tour floors, painte d the
kitchen and added a bath and three
rooms
For labor on the farm Guthrie
relies en- one full time employee and
hines day labor when the rush sea
son hits.
The milk produced on the farm
is sold e the Maryland Virginia
MIX Producers Association, They
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

Guthrie has participated in institu-
tioiial onthe-farm training at Buck
ingilam Central High through the
G. l. En- Of Rights.
He well earned this help from the
government as he saw considerable
duty as first lieutenant in the Air
Force. f,c served from l943 to 1916
and received the bronze star and
air medal. making 70 flights over
the hump" while serving in China
Burma end India.
Gordon L. Baldwin. who serves
with Herbert Maxey as adviser for
the Young Farmer chapter. said
tnat 'Monk" picked a bad time TO
get into his special farm field.
dairylng. 1t seems that danymen
have had a rough row to hoe"
since l949-just when Guthrie
started
Building Herd Gradually
Guthrie started by buying team
OF mules and horse drawn equip
menl i'll 1919 He added a new trac-
to- il 1855, which he says, 'the
bark and i own.
He gathered the first Of his dairy
herd in 1850 by buying SIX calves.
He added six more in 1851. He
started selling grade B milk in
1852, and moved up to grade A
mix in 1853 when he bought 20
calves, purebred bull and built
and equipped his modern milking
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

required bulk storage tanks, and
Guthrie says that he is satisfied
with his He has not had it long
enoGch to be completely sold on 1t.
but has no criticism of the system.
His dairy herd is watched and
controlled much more closely than
many business men watch their res
pective businesses. He tries to Gull
his herd 80 per cent each year. and
replaces from his registered bull.
Guthrie is a MEMBER of the DHIA
AMI has dabbled in artificial breed
ing, His first calves from artificial
breediug Will show up this spring
He attended a short course on arti-
fetal breeding at VPI and is trying
it on an experimental basis.
As part OF his protection and care
of the dairy herd he keeps his herd
tested for bangs and TB. vaccinates
for black leg and sprays the COWS
weekly He feeds his COWS accord
inc to production and self feeds hay
The Is acre pasture is kept in or
charG grass and ladino clover or
bluegrass.
In his spare time Forrest Guthrie
participates in the civic and COM
mUnity HE Of the community. He
is a member of the Farm Bureau.
Rurilan Club Buckingham County
Wool Pool Agrononly Advis DRY
Committee Dairy Advisory c m
mittee, advisory committee of Vo-
ca,ional Agriculture at Buckingham
Central High School and a member
Of Mays>ille Presbyterian Church.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

date OH subsequent calyng perform
an-r
OF cows calvlng each pod a J
period during the calving season,
Buris and Priode determined the
pc, cent which failed to calve the
following season. They made a com
parison Of previous calvlng dates Of
all COWS which failed to calve. with
the previous calvlng date Of all
COWS which calved in both years.
Then they mapped the association
between calving dates Of cows when
The calyings occurred in successive
calFlng seasons
They found that each delay Of 20
day Il: previous calvlng date re
suited IN an increase of SO per cent
IN COWS not calvine.
The researchers point out that a
high annual calf crop percentage Is
essential Il a profitable beef cattle
enterprise Failure Of cows to calve
is orc OF the cnlef problems IN get
ting 4 satisfactory calf crop
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14
DEBT AT NEW HIGH

Debt totals, both public II d
private, are soaring to new highs
in the nation this year. 1t is esti-
mated that the net total of pub
lie and private debt owed by the
American people VIII pass the
100000 100000 mark by the end
of the year. This will be whop-
pine 1924 .ooo,0000oo more than
We owed at the end Of World War
II The two largest items of pri
vate debt are corporate debt.
which totals sl97 900, 100000 and
nonfarm mortgage debt, 5000 00.-
100000.
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14
Selection For Early Calving Seen
Desirable On Beef Cattle Farms

If beef breeders would select for
early calving dates. when the breed
ing season is limited to around 90
days, they likely would see an I'M
mediate increase in calving per
centage
This is shown in a report from
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14
Farm Labor Wages
Expected To Rise
In Coming Year

Virginia farmers can expect to
pay still higher wages for labor in
1857. say agricultural economists at
VPI.
The average paid BY Virginia
farmers On JAY / 1856. was 6l.s
cents per hour. a rise Of SO cents
from a year earlier A new high
level Of farm wage rates is expected
in 1852
The economists explain that the
rising rates are primarily a result
Of the high demand for labor III non
farm employment. Industrial devel-
opment in Virginia continues to
move up and each expansion ere
ates al additional demand for labor
The competition extends beyond
mere wage rates to include fringe
benefits such as health and accident
insurance plans. vacations with pay
The Farmville herald and farmer-leader. (Farmville, Va.) 1934-1957, 1956-12-14

Martin j. Bmris and B. NJ. Priode
at the Front Royal beef cattle re-
search station They have recently
completed a study OF 1850 to 1856
calving records Of Angus. Hereford
and Shorthorn cattle at the station
to determine the effect Of calying
Evening star., 1956-12-02

WTASHINGToNIANS can be proud of the nttle-known
w fact that this wide lead in the percentage
of applicants selected airline hoStesseS often
termed the most marriageable" group Of young
Murie NJ Clay, member of the Trans World Arines
international recruiting team. that Of every 50
applicants from this accepted. The national
average in So Representatives Of the other arneS
Servcing the Washington areaNothweSt Capital Eastern
and American-agree they have the same success in
recruiting here
Mrs. Clay visited Washington recently to talk with
girls interested in hoStesSeS From Washington,
she planned to ny to Belgium to recruit foreign girls She
had returned Mexico where the recruiting team
had interviewed about $50 girls During her oneday stay
here Clay talked with about 100 girls and predicted
that possibly eight eventually would become hostesSeS
I'VE want girls to be attractive and have
intelligence" Mrs Clay explains I'VE want them to have
warm cheerful personalities. poise seconfidence and
graciouSneSS Speech also is very important.
As for the other requirements they must be between
20 and 28 of 5eet2 to 58 in stocking feet and
weigh 100 lSS pounds scaled to height They must have
20/40 vision uncorrected by glasses and visible
birthmarks."
According to Ms Clay. washington not only produces
Of the best hoseseS but many times the recruiters
nd the unusual here On visit Mrs Clay interviewed
Miss Mary McElligott, who is now known second
generation hostess Her mother had held the same job
On her recent recruiting trip several applicants wished
Evening star., 1956-12-02
Most Manageable" Women
By JOSEPH A. DOYLE

with hostess concerning experiences Mrs.
Clay checked the flight schedule found that Miss Janice
Lynch had arrived from Kansas City It so happened that
Miss Lynch former FBI employe, had been interviewed
in the same office and hired in May.
When Miss Lynch entered the room she delighted
of her former co-wokerS the FBI inquring
about jobs.
Talking with Mrs Clay discovers many facts which
to confuse girls applying for hostess jobs One is
that nursing is no longer requrement1 dropped in
1912 Secondly the 20 to % apply only to app
cans but girl definitely keep flying after she
her 18th birthday.
Once girl Is accepted, it is short time before she
actually is flying Usually. the successful applicant is
called within week and sent to training school There
she put through rigorous veweek course after which
she put right to work of the domestic flights
1t takes several Of domestic flying qualify the
many international flights
Mrs Clay, former hostess herself has to smile when
she is put right to work of the domestic flights
hoSteSSeS:
After ALL Of the 5000 hoStesses flying the worlds
civil airiines. 1000 resign each year to marry"
However marriage is not the only for the need
for hoSteSses There is steady expansion Of civil arnes
both domestic and international Because of this tre
mendous expansion, TWA for instance win interview
almost 5000 applicants this But only several hundred
win be chosenwhich indicates the airines certainly
maintaining their high standards for hostesses
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-12-01

Farming is hazardous business. GuoTd
carefully against accident but protect your
self from loss by taking out Montana
Former Stockmon SPECIAL ACCIDENT
INSURANCE POLICY. Full information on
request. Write Insurance Dept. Montan0
F0rmer-Stockmon. Greet Falls. Mont.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-12-01
By GILBERT GUSLER

previous sales of flour for forward
delivery.
Prospects of a small crop next sea-
son will tend to strengthen prices later
on. Some areas have had no rain and
subsoil moisture is lacking over a large
area, so that yields are likely to be
low. Nearly 1917 million acres of winter
wheat acreage allotments are under
soil bank agreements. Exports are
running well ahead of a year ago, al
though over half appear to be coming
from CCC stocks.
FEED GRAIN-Prices probably will
hold their fall gains fairly well in the
near future, but any further advance
this season is likely to be much less
than last season. Stocks of oats, barley
and sorghums are smaller than a year
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-12-01

ago. Higher hog and cattle prices en-
holding corn for feeding. Total
free" stocks of feed grains are smaller
than at this time in 1855.
SEEDS - Prices probably will be
mostly steady to firm in the months
ahead. Production of 81 legume and
grass seeds harvested to November
totalled only about 816 million pounds,
% per cent less than last year and II
per cent less than average. The de-
crease in crops was partly offset by
larger carryovers. With prices much
higher than year ago, growers have
sold considerably larger share Of
their crops than last year or than aver
age.
HAY-Prices probably will advance
farther in the next two or three months.
With grazing over in more areas, usage
will increase. Prices have already
reached high levels in drouth areas, but
these sections will continue to seek sup
plies and SURPRISES will become less
plentiful. Combined hay and forage sup
plies in all major regions are less than
last year and lowest of record from
Iowa and Nebraska to the Gulf and
Mexican border.
DAIRY PRODUCTS-Prices will soon
start seasonal drop to a spring low
Continued on page 25)
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1956-12-01

MOST ECONOMISTS see prospects
for continued favorable general bust
ness in the months ahead. Consumers
will have more money to spend and sat-
isfying their wants will keep large
section of the economy working at top
speed.
Consumer spending for food and farm
exports will be larger than a year pre-
viOus and, along with prospects that
farm surpluses are rounding the peak,
may lead to slightly higher average
farm prices and little greater cash
income, if there is no substantial weak
ening Of the price support program
Costs also will be higher, however, so
that any gain in net farm income will
be small.
CATTLE - Prices for upper grades
will decline seasonally during the win
ter, although scarcity may prevent
much further decline in long feds in
the next few weeks. Prices for all fed
cattle in the next few months probably
will be higher than year earlier. Num-
berS of cattle on feed probably are
moderately larger than year ago.
Shipments of stockers and feeders into
nine Cornbelt states in July-October
were 81 per cent larger than year
earlier.
Stocker and feeder cattle prices prob
ably will be mostly steady to higher
over the next four or five months.
Range offerings are mainly in the
cleanup stage. Prices appear to be
adjusted to a somewhat lower level of
fat cattle prices likely to prevail by
the time cattle can be finished.
Total slaughter of cattle in 1857 is
likely to be fully as large as this year,
but tonnage may be slightly less be-
cause Of lower average weights, ac-
cording to the US Department of Agri-
culture. Prospective supplies offer little
hope of major cyclical recovery in
cattle prices in 1857, but prices may
stay higher through the first half than
in 1856 They are not likely to rise
next summer as sharply as last sum-
mer.
HOGS-Prices are scraping bottom
and probably will rise to least 81 to 81 {
cwt. as movement to market falls off IL
the next few months. Supplies will con
tinue substantially smaller and prices
will be much higher than year pre-
vious. Arrivals now reflect the reduc
ton Of per cent in the 1856 spring
pig crop.
LAMBS - Prices probably will ad
vance in the next few months. Tit
normal seasonal rise from November t
April is or per cent. Heavy supple
Of fed lambs probably will proven
much price improvement in the mex
! few weeks. With other red meats high
er, lamb prices probably will sta
higher than a year previous.
WHEAT-The price rise may be owe
for a while, but moderately highe
levels probably will be reached later
the crop year. Rain and snow have in
proved new crop prospects in the Soutf
west. The rise in prices above the loa
value has slowed the movement
4 wheat into the loan. Prices are hig
!. enough in some markets to encourag
I loan redemption and permit dOmesti
T sales from CCC stocks. War apprehel
n sion appears to be slowly subsidini
q New orders for flour are small an
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06
ZX9IIILxE

5th FL, Washington Only
Apex Canister,
1895 Eureka Canister, 1954-------$33
1-7995 Famous Canister, 1955---$33
1-7995 Royal Tank, 1854
1895 Eureka Tank, no attachments, 1854,
11.ss
1850 Hoover Canister, 1955---64.95
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06
Kubitschek to Visit
Britain, See Queen

LONDON, Jan. 6 (Pl.-BrazirS
Ipresident-elect, Juscelino Ku-
bitschek, agreed today to visit
Britain after the Eden govern
ment cleared up a "miSunder-
standing" and said he would be
received by Queen Elizabeth II
at Buckingham Palace.
The Foreign Office announced
the touring president-elect. now
i'm the United States. has with
drawn earlier cancellation of his
official visit to this country and
would fly to London January II
for a day.
DR.. Kubitschek's decision to
visit London during his Euro
Ipean tour ended a brief protocol
tiff between the two countries.
Last month the President &C
Icepted an invitation to visit
Britain January 1912, He
abruptly Cancelled the visit Tues
day after being told his official
program would include only a
dinner at No. 10 Downing street.
the Prime Minister'S office, and
Ia visit to Harwell. the British
atomic research center.
Responsible British sources
said the Brazilian felt sighted
because no arrangements had
been made for him, as chief of
state, to have the customary au-
dience with the Queen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06
Fund RiseUrged
For .Reservists
BY the Associated Press

Representative Brooks, Demo-
crat Of Louisiana, said today the
armed services may need to spend
more money on their reserve pro-
grams to make them more at
Itractive to recruits.
Mr.. Brooks said an Armed
Services subcommittee he heads
is looking into the possibilities.
The subcommittee resumes hear
ings today on the operations of
the new reserve law enacted last
August.
A succession of military wit
nesses yesterday said young men
are staying out of the reserves
flor two main reasons:
/. They think the chances are
against being drafted, and there
fore see no point in seeking out
military obligations.
2. High-paid civilian jobs are
easy to get.
Mr.. Brooks said he believes
some money already appro-
lpriated for reserve programs,
which contemplate a short pc
Rod Of active service followed by
several years Of attendance at
drills and training courses. may
not be in use effectively. Some
reserve groups. such as the Coast
Guard. he said, may need more
money.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06

appeals of the underprivileged
strive to raise living standards
and combat poverty wherever ii
appears.
Honor guest at a National
Press Club luncheon, DR.. Kubit-
schek delivered his first major
public address since arriving here
yesterday. He told the club he
came from poor. Woodworking
family and said he will not for
get the fact. He will always
remain close to the people, the
speaker said.
Cites 3 Key Points
The president-Slect mentioned
three points he considers i'm
portant to an understanding OF
the policy he proposes. These
are an insistence upon press free
dom, disdain of extremism and a
desire to obtain foreign capital
for the development of Brazil.
DR.. Kubitschek said he has
been the target of some unfair
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06

When a campaign is unjust, he
continued. it still has the merit
of arousing in those who hold
the power the instinct OF SELF
defense. He held this to be in
dispensable to the health of a
democratic regime.
DR.. KubitSchek added, how
eyel. that freedom of the press
| is no longer a problem in Brazil.
He said his government would
welcome foreign capital and
that technical know-how will be
decisive factor IN speeding the
development Of Brazil.
The president-elect had after
noon engagements with Secre-
tary of State Dulles and Assist
ant Secretary Holland.
This morning he drove to Ar
lington Cemetery and placed a
wreath at the Tomb Of the IN
known Soldier. Returning to the
city. he stopped to visit the Lin
coin Memorial and then he was
taken on an inspection Of the
White House.
The United States role in
World Wars I and II was praised
by DR.. Kubitschek when he adj
dressed the Senate yesterday
afternoon. He said Brazil had
co-operated and would continue
to cooperate with this country
in the continuing fight for lib
erty. the dignity Of man and
social betterment.
/ The Senate applauded his re-
marks and when he had fin
ished the body recessed so mem
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06

campaigns but he added quickly
that he had learned much from
them.
II know from my own expert
ence," he said. that defamation
cannot stand UP against the
truth. just as I know that moth
ing is more useful to a govern
ment than criticism that is lev
eled at it, whatever form such
criticism may take.
He who would WELD political
power must be on his guard
against many hidden dangers
but the greatest of them all is
the formation of a sort of cloud
of unreality that surrounds the
executive and obscures his judg-
Iment."
| Press Freedom No Problem
| He said the press and othe,
forms of free expression of opin.
ion have the power to awaken
perceptions and focus attention
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-01-06

bers could file past TO shake
hands with him.
1t had been hoped that DR..
Kubitschek could address the
House hut the Brazilian airliner
that brought him to Washington
was almost an hour and a half
late and the House was in recess.
Nevertheless, DR.. Kubitschek was
escorted across the Capitol for a
welcome by Speaker Rayburn
and Minority Leader Martin. in
the Speakers Office.