davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike adds speech Pittsburgh 1t isn't that he's scared
about the thought going back to
his farm before the golf installed
the weakest Presidents in history
Adai the Nations No. strong Who else could have
carried Harry Truman on his back for four years?
Politicians glossary Grass rootsA mythical part Of the
country where political workers ring doorb without being
treated like magazine statesmen.
Kefauver calls the Republican administration of Illinois
the corrupt" Kefauver compromises He
refuses quit running against because happens
be popular.
Adai raps the Republicans running campaign Of
girls and gadge Oh Governor let's stick to the
minor issues.
fellow says he's having small difference Of opinion
with his wife this election He has She hasn't
The White House considers giving foreign intelligence
reports third party farmer who's running for Pesi
dent Brother to win this election the Ike team going
whole hog.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
High and Low Roads

I congratulate Cartoonist
Glib Crockett on the flying
cloud cartoon. Ike is all right.
I am "a. / think Ike the most
wonderful leader our Nation
ever had with perhaps one or
two exceptions. But his high
mindedness seems hardly the
thing when Adlai and Estes
rain upon us blow after blow
If low-level stuff.
Nixon is doing fine. Speakers
below the level Of the presi-
dency must strike back and
fight the creeping socialism
Adlai expounded in Silver
Spring. Debt and taxes threat
en- the progress of our Nation.
To add more Government ex-
pense right now should be
avoided, not encouraged.
George NOndOrf.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
IntegT0tion Probe

David Lawrence goes to the
defense Of the congressional
committee which has been at
tackled for attempting to smear
indignation and the Supreme
Court. He accuses those who
oppose the committee with be-
ing opposed to the constitu-
tional right of free speech.
Would Mr.. Lawrence support
the right of free speech to in
cite against the Government
by Communists, or the right Of
agitators to urge mobs to re-
sist courts, to create riots or
engage again in the pastime
Of lynching?
This writer and many others
believe the entire intent Of the
Davis Williams committee is to
embody in a congressional re-
port all the unfavorable ele-
ments incident to the stupen-
dous project of migrating
the pupils who have for more
than half a century been sub
ject to education in two very
unlike school, systems. AS a
retired teacher in one Of these
systems ! have noted the in
equalities and the effects of
segregation. In my own field
of work, health and physical
education, the Negro schools
have always had the most in
ferior facilities. The children
from the lowest socio-economic
classes Of the population have
been equated in achievement
with those who come from
superior home environments
where every reputable psychol-
ogist will testify conditions
are favorable to best school ac-
complishments. Negro chill
dren urged to train for jobs
Ain the community soon realize
that their race and color will
deny them opportunity. Is it
a wonder that they have not
been stimulated to make better
grades? Above all, is it not
true that being in segregated
schools tended to brainwash
Negro children to come to be-
lieve that they are inferior.
and conversely have not white
children after all these years
believed that they are a SUI
perior group? Naturally it fol-
lows that in the process of in
tegration many Negro children
become frustrated and look on
white children and teachers as
inimical to them. Many white
teachers went into Indignation
as products of the same back
ground and some have in
dicated that their prejudices
united them to cope with
the problems of desegregated
schools.
1t remains to be seen how
the committee with its own
prejudices and intent will give
credit to those teachers, white
and colored, who understand
what has happened, and who
with integrity are trying to
make up for the injustices of
years of segregation.
E. B. Henderson,
President, Virginia State
Conference, National
Association for Advance
of Colored People.
y +
Having attended District
schools during World War II
and for some years, thereafter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
Stevenson's Speeches on Civil Rights
And EisenhoweT's Farm Stand Louded

votes. Yet he did win the cleo
ton and defeated Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey Of New York to the
surprise of practically every
body.
In this case political courage
was not fatal. More often than
is generally supposed from the
very infrequent exhibition Of
political courage. it pays divi-
dends. But there was many
times, too. when 1t ends in
political defeat, and some-
times political oblivion, as
happened for example to
Senator Edward Ross Of
Kansas and the six other
Republicans who voted against
the impeachment of Andrew
Johnson as is refreshed again
for us by Senator John Ken
nedy of Massachusetts in his
"ProfileS OF Courage"
Nor was political courage
helpful to Adlai Stevenson in
one of the most dramatic cpl
sodes Of the 1852 campaign.
That was when the then Gov
ernor of Illinois and Demo-
cratic candidate for the Presi-
dency refused bluntly to Gov.
Allen Shivers' face in a con-
ference in Springfield. ILL.,, to
support the So-called "tidelands
oil BILL" The Texas Governor,
you recall. went back home and
came out promptly for Gen.
Eisenhower who a fterward
promised publicly that he
would sign the bill If he were
elected and such were passed
by Congress. Adlai Stevenson
knew he was counting the loss
of Texas, which is what hap
pened, for the oil bill had come
to be quite an issue among the
people of the State. since royal
ties from the offshore oil lands,
which the bill decided to the
State instead Of to the Federal
Government were earmarked
for education.
A much bigger issue in the
South today than the tide
lands bill which chiefly affected
Texas, Louisiana, Florida and
California is indignation Of
public schools. On many occa-
sions during the primary cam
paign before the Chicago con-
vention Adlai Stevenson stated
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29

nurses, social scientists. technical
experts; above all, teachers.
How can these things be? How
can the wealthiest nation on
earth, which for a decade hes
been Boosting about its ever-ex-
Ipanding economy, fail to keep
producing that most humble but
most important Of things: yeast
for its bread?
The biggest material problem
we have. of course. is money:
Money to build schools and to
pay teachers a salary that will
attract the teaching force we
need. We are spending about
$40 billion a year now on educa-
tion-about 21a per cent of our
national income. The cost of
doing the job we need to do
will be much higher still.
Federal Aid Urged
We have wanted and we have
tried to meet our educational
needs at the local level. And we
are going to insist that the con-
troll Of education stay in our
local communities, particularly
IN our county and city and vii
lage school boards.
This is the browning feature
OF our democracy at work-that
the citizens Of a town should
determine what their own chill
dren should be given in their
own towns schools. Here, surely,
In this way of doing things, is
the seat and safeguard of Our
individual liberties. The central
power has no control over our
separate minds.
But two great changes make
1t plain now that we are going
to have to draw on Federal tax
funds for part Of the money to
pay our educational bill.
One change is the fantastic
expansion of our schools. In
early days our schools were for
the privileged few. Today they
are truly for all, and this au-
tumn we have enrolled 80 mil
lion children.
/ The other change is a great
shift in our means of gathering
taxes-a shift which has result
ed in the serious inadequacy OF
the property tax. And that is
the tax from which we have
traditionally financed oul
schools. 1t is about the only
source Of our local revenue. In
relationship to the national
product the property tax yields
only one-quarter as much as il
did rs years ago.
Il This means that we really have
no choice now except to usI
1 Federal funds to bolster up oul
educational program. In fact
this has now been agreed upor
! at least in principle.
4 While we were falling behinC
at an alarming rate on schoo
building and on the recruitmen
, of teachers, the President frs
proposed an elaborate schem,
that might have been of aid Il
bankers but not to our schools
When the White House Confer
: ence on Education was f1nalI,
: held and. of course, gave tn
! idea Of Federal aid for schoo
: construction a firm mandate
the President now three year
: after his Inauguration. finall,
proposed another bill tina
: seemed to me sound in principl
} but inadequate.
i But when . similar propose
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
THOMAS 1. STOKES

Toward the end of the l948
campaign. in middle October,
President Harry Truman, the
Democratic candidate, went
into New York and in Harlem
made a vigorous speech in sup
port Of his civil rights program
which Congress was having
nothing Of, thank you. because
Of the hostility Of the Dixie
wing Of his own party.
He made the speech over the
protests Of all his friends and
advisers who used obvious po-
litical logic in their argument.
Which was that he already had
done enough to satisfy minority
groups in the North by sub
mission Of his program in Con-
gress, without injecting it into
the campaign: and that all he
would do, by making his speech
and in the Harlem locale, would
be to stir up more trouble in
the South. where there was
already a substantial revolt
against him. and which. he
must hold If he won the cleo
ton.
Harry Truman was very sim
cerely devoted to his civil rights
program, as anyone who knows
him well can testify, which
invalidates the flip observation
you were accustomed to hear
that he was pushing it strictly
for political purposes. He was
stubborn about it. as in New
York.
His advisers were right about
the South. He did lose four
States to the Dixiecrat move
ment on the right. He also
lost New York, for which the
Henry Wallace Progre ssive
Party on the left was RESPONSE
BILE by drawing away many
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29

there will be over a million new
lschool-age children each year
whom we do not have classrooms
for. Well have to jam them in
beside the others.
Although the school building
shortage is bad enough. the
teacher shortage is far worse.
1t is teaching, far more than
a school building, that deter
mines the quality of the educa-
ton our young people get.
Just in numbers we are hum
dreds Of thousands of trained
teachers short right now. and
this situation too is getting
worse-the shortage is increas-
ing at the rate of $4,000 teach
ers a year.
College Situation Cited
Here is the most staggering
fact Of all: If we want college
trained teachers for our chill
dren. one-half Of all our college
graduates during the next 10
years will have to go into teach
ing. Well, they won't. And
classes will get bigger and teach
ing standards lower.
The third problem is that a
lot Of young men and women
who want and who deserve a
college education cannot get il
today.
One hundred thousand of our
ablest high school students TODAY
stop their education short pri-
marily fol economic reasons.
I think we are waking now tc
a full realization of what VIC
have been doing to the future
OF America. It isn't the figure.
have mentioned that shock us
What does drive this failure q
ours home is its now all tor
familiar symbols: the roarine
cut-out of the hotrod car, teen.
ayers beer cans strewn alons
the roadside. juke box blues
dishing up love and religion If
identical groaning tones, tn,
Irural-delivery mailbox ripped of
Just for laughs, a switchblade il
; the hands Of a city teen-ag,
gang boy.
| Most Of our children. who ar,
sound and sensible, can take al
this and leave it alone.
I But among a minority-ans
this minority has grown bigge,
in recent years-there is emery
ing a frightening spirit o
cynicism. arrogance, wanton de
!, structiveness. a toying with vic
lence: and, underlying all this
a sense of disrespect for TIN
standards of the past. and
carelessness about the future.
More Specialists Needed
\ Another measure of this fail
ure is emerging in the nov
familiar statistics which shoy
that our schools and colleges ar
! not meeting the growing de
mands Of our country for spe
: cialists. for young men an,
women trained to do the i'm
/ lportant jobs Of our society; +
. be scientists. engineers. doctors
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29

|SAAOOA O0eNA WV 06AAA1 IA1A6
month. And in hundreds and
thousands of communities this
opening of school brings new
realization that things on this
front just aren't right; they
aren't what they should be.
For some of you the problem
is that your child can only 60
to school half a day because the
schools in your town are so OYER
crowded; or the new school isn't
finished. You are wondering
whether a part-time scholar can
learn the fundamentals properly.
Or perhaps you have a child
in q classroom that has IS or
40 pupils in it. You know this
means that If your child doesn't
catch onto his reading lessen
on the first goround, it's just
too bad. The teacher isn't going
to have much time to give him
special attention.
We are short, in America,
classroomS for 5 million children
Teacher Shortage Stressed
Or maybe your child has a
teacher who is on an emergency
certificate. This means, in plain
words, that she isn't fully trained
and qualified as a teacher, ac-
cording to the minimum stand
ards of your State. Your school
board hired her because it simply
couldn't find one who was better
prepared.
In 10000 schoolrooms in
America class was called to order
this morning by an emergency
teacher"
Or even If your child's teacher
is fully qualified. you're prob
ably aware that she in in al
likelihood underpaid. In fact
maybe she's doing baby-sittinc
or other jobs nights and weel
ends to make ends meet.
The average earnings Of
teachers in Americas schools are
today 10 per cent less than the
average earnings of workers II
Americas factories.
Or perhaps you are more con.
cerned about the overall quail
ity Of the education your chile
is getting. You are WONDERING
If he is learning the skills o.
mond and hand he will need Il
live in this world that is so much
more complicated than the ont
you and I grew up in-anC
whether he's getting enough O
what Q good teacher can tel
him Of democracy's meaning
and Of how to tell what is goot
from what is bad or just medi
OGRE. and of the difference be-
tween truth and untruth.
Short Of CtassroOms
We are terribly short Of class
rooms. The figures show tina
with the tremendous increase il
the number Of Sabotage chill
dren. and even with an all-ou
local school building effort IL
thousands Of local communities
we are losing ground. falling be
hind, at the rate Of $4,000 class
rooms Q year. This means tina
unless something drastic u done
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-29
PortioI ext of Stevenson
School Situation Talk

MILWAUKEE, Sept. 29.-FoIoDng Is a part of the pre-
pared teri OF Adloi Stevensons speech here last NIGHT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
Spencer Aids
On Transit Data

Samuel Spencer. who retired
yesterday as a District Commits
sioner. went back to work at the
District Building today long
enough to tie up one loose end
involved in the city's transit
crisis.
He said he had conferred with
Engineer Commissioner Thomas
A. Lane and Robert f. McLaugh-
lin, new president of the Board
of Commissioners, to complete
drafting Of a report on CONVERSE
tons with Capital Transit Co.
executives.
The report. Mr.. Spencer said.
Will be sent Monday TO Chair
man Harris of the House Com
merce Subcommittee which had
asked the Commissioners to work
out a plan TO keep Capital Tran
sit in business after next August,
Under present law the CTC
charter and franchise are to
die at midnight August Ia.
The Commissioners held three
sessions with Capital Transit
executives. Mr.. Spencer said
they had reduced to legislative
language the seven principles
laid down for them by the
House subcommittee and had
added a statement of additional
requests for concessions by etc.
He said this document, with a
covering letter explaining what
had been done, is being sent to
Mr.. Harris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
New Jersey Study Urges
Elevated ronsit System

population of the Washington
metropolitan area is estimated at
/ 1896. 900. with the total Is years
hence being put at about "a
million. .
On the basis of comparative
populations alone it would APP
pear that rapid transit for the
whole Washington area would
cost much more than the $242
million sum.
The plan submitted to the
Delaware River Port Authority
calls for a subway and under
river tube connecting downtown
Camden and downtown Philadel-
phia and its present and prof.
ected subways. The cost of this
is placed at $76.9 million.
Elevated Transit System
On the New Jersey side of
the river there would be three
suburban lines radiating from
Camden. Generally they would
be along existing railroad rights
of-way but separated from ex-
listing trackage. Similar pro-
Iposals have been made for the
Washington area.
Much of the suburban rapid
transit system would be elevated
1t is recommended that the over
head tracks be supported by T
structures, within concrete decks
and parapetS to minimize noise
The trains would be air-con-
ditioned and the aim would be
to provide a seat for every pas
senger. Trains would be operated
at intervals of three minutes or
less in rush hours. at l5-minute
intervals in off hours. Top speed
would be 20 miles an hour be-
tween stations, with an average
speed of As. The fare would be
20 cents between New Jersey
points, with an extra 20 cents
to cross between Camden and
Philadelphia.
The study was made for the
Port Authority by the engineer
ing firm of Parsons, Brincker-
hoff. Hall and Macdonald.
Keneth M. Hoover, director of
the Washington transit survey
was consultant in transit plan
ming for the New Jersey study
He has already indicated he fav-
ors operation by an authority
obviously there must be sim
gle control" he said yesterday
1T no longer looks possible under
private operation. I don't know
what form the authority should
take, but the job would be too
big for private operation"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
Youth Is Killed,
Man Hurt in Crash
On Shirley Highway

A Fairfax County man was
killed and another seriously in
jured last night when a panel
truck collided with two autos on
Shirley highway near SPRING
field, Va.
Dead in the crash was Lin
wood Lee Taylor, 10. of Route 5,
Alexandria, driver of the panel
truck. Harold Dodson, SO. also
of Route 5, Alexandria. who was
riding with Mr.. Taylor, was re-
ported in fair condition with
head injuries at Alexandria Hos
pital.
State police said the panel
truck. headed Southbound on
the highway near Edsall road,
went out of control and crossed
the dividing strip. colliding head
on with two northbound cars. No
one was injured in the two cars,
police said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
Pact Brings Laurel
Into Suburban
Sanitary District

A contract to bring the town
OF Laurel into the Washington
Suburban Sanitary District was
signed yesterday by commission
officials.
Laurel Mayor Harry Harding
ham, Jr.. said the town council
unanimously approved general
principles of the lO-page pact at
a four hour session last Thurs
day.
Water and sewer rates in the
town under provisions of the
contract will be the same as those
throughout the district. The
water rate will be reduced from
35 cents to q cents per 1000
gallons. Sewage will be treated
at the rate of IA cents per 1000
gallons.
The commission will pay the
town nominal fee of 81 for the
towns water system because il
already is paid for. Residents
will not have to pay a front foot
benefit charge for 35 years.
The commission. under terms
Of the contract. will assume pro-
ceeds from a $384,000 bond issue
to construct a new sewage pump
ing station. At present, the town
is dumping raw sewage into the
PatuXent River.
The last session Of the Mary
land General Assembly author
lied the commission to include
Laurel in the sanitary system.
Laurel residents approved q
charter amendment permitting
the change over.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
CONVENTIONS
TODAY

The American Institute OF
Timber Construction con-
tinues its sessions in the
Shoreham Hotel.
The National Association
Of Temple Secretaries meets
in the Shoreham Hotel.
The American Academy of
Obstetrics and Gynecology
concludes a three day meet
ing in the Mayfower Hotel.
The American Daifodil
Society winds up its meet
ings in the Shorcham Hotel.
The District Credit Union
concludes its two-day ses-
sion in the Hotel Statler.
Pilot Club International
meets in the Sheraton-Park
Hotel.
The Northeastern Region
al HairdresSers and Cosme-
tologists Association begins
a two-day meeting in the
Sheraton-Park Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
Montgomery Moves
Office in Silver SPRING

The Silver Spring Office OF the
assistant to the Montgomery
County manager has moved TO
its new quarters in the old liquor
dispensary building at 85lO
Colesville road.
The Office provides information
on county government and land
records. 1t also issues dog tags
and application forms for coming
changes and county permits.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
SUNDAYS BEST READING
The Judy Garland Question
Posed in TeleVue Magazine

CAN SHE STAY TOPS IN Twin the third issue OF
TeleVue Magazine learn why Judy believes it's i'm
portant to space out her appearances on TV
look for the brilliant full color picture of Judy on
the cover of your handy-Size TeleVue. In the same
magazine, The Stars TV editor Bernie Harrison
takes you backstage with Ed Sullivan a first
hand report on rehearsal dongs on this popular
emcees show.
AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY sure to read
the true life story of Clare Boothe Luce as told by
Alden HATCH beginning in the Women's Section of
The Sunday Star and continuing daily in the Eve
ming Star-the fascinating story of one of the most
remarkable women in the world. Don't miss
single installment.
AN OPEN LETTER TO GRACE KELLY-As "Her Most
Serene Hghness" OF Monaco, Grace will have 300
room palace two dozen titles, 100 servants-and
work than any Hollywood star ever dreamed
about, according to Blake Ehrch Learn the reasons
why in This Week Magazine.
BASEBALL FEATURES-1n The Star Magazine Star
Stan Writer Francis Siam writes from Florida
about Those Versatile N. Y Yankees" soon TO open
the season against the Senators here in Washington
AL HrShberg gives you a closeup of a baseball
father and son, representing two different teams
This Week Magazine.
SPRING RESORT AND TRAVEL SECTION-It will con-
tain page after page Of pictures and stories about
the worlds spring pleasure spots Find out how to
get there by land, sea air. Learn the latest about
INSTRUMENTATION package plans.
Choose The Star on Sunday When You Hare Choice
Phone Sterling $4,000 for Home Delivery
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-07
Retail Sales Here
Top 1855 by Is Pct.

Department store sales in the
Washington Metropolitan Area
last week rose 9 per cent above
the previous week and were l3
per cent above a year ago, the
Federal Reserve Bank OF Rich
mond reported yesterday.
Area sales in four weeks ended
last Saturday we're s per cent
ahead Of a year ago. while those
for the year to date were up 5
per cent.
Excluding suburban branches,
sales Of downtown department
stores alone were 4 per cent
ahead Of the previous week and
2 per cent above year ago
Four weeks sales we're even with
a year ago. while those for the
year to date remained 2 per cent
lower.