davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22

He was speaking as much like
father as a club director. About
a dozen members of the gang Joined
or expressed interest in activities
of the club. They're attending So
cial functions at the club and TAX
ing part in sports activities. Police
have heard no more from the gang.
Rowing Leoder' Is Effective
A new concept in combating
juvenile delinquency here is the
rowing leader" He's young ex-
college boxer called Shorty" by
gang members in the Logan circle
area. The rowing leader works
under the Recreation Department.
He, too, has served as kind of
substitute for parental influence in
the lives of many juveniles.
Shorty" has been on the job
less than two months. Already he's
made friends with about $50 Second
Precinct gang members. His work
is paying off. Three gangs once
noted for crime, violence and fight
ing have diverted their energies to
staging a huge banquet and rally
next month under the name of the
L Key Council
"These kids are working for the
approval of adults" said a Recre-
alton Department leader. It'll do
a world of good if this banquet is
a success. Then they'll have some
thing to point to. We're betting
everything on the boys"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
GRAVE CONCERN
Farm Group Questions
Soil Bank Effectiveness

during congressional debate, Sem
ator Aiken, Republican of Vermont,
said:
THE reason why this provision
is in the bill is that one-year con-
tracts could result in increased
rather than decreased production.
Accordingly. it is provided that the
rates of payment may be adjusted
so as to encourage withdrawal of
acreage for a number of years
rather than for one year only"
Commenting on Mr.. Shuman's
criticism of the regulations. De-
partment officials say that they are
considering stepping up the rates
of payment each succeeding year
of the program in an effort to en-
courage voluntary withdrawal Of
land for more than one year.
The wheat payment, for example,
has been set at $l.20 bushel for
the 1857 crop. A producers total
payment would be determined by
multiplying the normal buShel out
put of his withdrawn acres by $l.2O.
Under the plan being considered
by the Department. the rate would
be increased to possibly $l.30 for
the 1858 crop year and to $1.4O for
the 1859 year.
Similar setups in rates would be
offered on cotton, corn, tobacco.
rice and peanut lands withdrawn
for more than one year.
But Would II Work?
But the Farm Bureau leaders
say they question whether this
would be effective. They say a lot
OF farmers might decide, after one
years participation in the pro-
gram. that they could make more
money the second year by taking
advantage Of the increased pro-
ductivity of the idled land and the
likely increase in market prices Of
affected commodities.
In other words. the Farm Bureau
leaders say it would be better to
offer payment which would cover
the 1857. 1858 and 1859 crops and
assure that the land would be kept
idle for that length of time.
Another question raised by some
farm leaders is whether farmers
should be permitted to rotate land
idled under the soil bank or wheth-
er they should be required to keep
the same acres out of production
the second and succeeding years
that they took out OF production
the first year
Crop production could be expect
ed to run larger under a land
rotation system than under one
requiring the same land be kept
idle through the length OF the
program. If land idled one year
could be returned TO production
the next year. its production
could be expected TO run higher
than the land which would replace
1t under the soil bank.
The Associated Press
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
Threat Of Tough Economic War Seen
in RussioIs Great industrial Strides

the development of United States
industry.
Rely on Industry
In accordance with the American
system of free enterprise, private
industry must be relied on to supply
the heavy industrial capacity under
the impetus of consumer demand
and the competitive system.
Plans have already been an
nounced by Ford. General Motors.
American Telephone g. Telegraph
and other companies for multi
billion dollar plant expansion.
Steel, plastics, fiber glass, pulp and
paper, aluminium and a host of
other industries plan expansion. F.
w. Dodge & Co. reports that in the
first six months of 1856 new con-
struction contracts reached a new
high of 1892 billion.
Undoubtedly the Federal Govern
ments interest in the country'S in
dustrial growth will expand against
the day when the economic struggle
begins in earnest between the Com
munist world and the world of free
enterprise. For that will be
struggle to determine whether the
profit system can hold its own
against a collective economy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22

indicated that textile weaving ma
chimes were available.
In the last case there was little
note of the fact that Russian credit
terms for the sale of the steel mill
were far more stringent than is
exacted by the United States for
such aid. Nor was the fact men,
toned that this industrial equip
ment was outmoded in Russia due
to the planned adoption of auto
nation. NonetheleSs, these moves
had propaganda value.
The United States has confined
itself largely to a wait-and-see re-
Spouse to the Red offensive.
Our approach" one official said.
sis not to compete with the Soviet
Union on particular projects. Such
victories are only temporary.
I'm the end, we believe the mass
of the people of these countries will
appreciate the more the assistance
we have given them in building
themselves up through technical
assistance, education and health
programs"
Long Ronoe PIons Not Feasible
The problem Of long-range
planning in this country to keep
ahead of Russia is a complex one.
No blueprint can be laid out for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
BY OVID A. MARTIN

An issue is arising as to whether
the Eisenhower administrators
plans for carrying out the multi
billion-dollar soil bank program will
accomplish its goal of eliminating
crop SURPRISES.
The question has been raised
principally by the powerful Ameri-
can Farm Bureau Federation, which
on many farm issues had sided with
the administration.
Under the soil bank program en-
acted in May, the Agriculture De-
partment is authorized to pay
farmers a total of $4,000, 000, 900
during this and three succeeding
crop years for underplanting Gov
eminent allotments of such surplus
crops as wheat, corn, cotton, rice,
tobacco and peanuts.
The declared purpose is to cut
yearly production below needs and
thereby provide an outlet for Gov
eminent SURPRISES now totaling
about $8.5O0,O0O,0 900.
President Charles B. Shuman of
the Farm Bureau has written Sec
rotary of Agriculture Benson ex-
pressing grave concern over an
administrative decision to put
farmer participation in the soil
bank on year-to-year basis.
Would Extend the Time
Mr.. Shuman thinks farmers
should be required to tie up-that
is keep out of productions part
of their land for the full period
Of the soil bank program in order
to be eligible for any of its pay
ments.
The way regulations now stand,
a farmer who takes land out of
wheat production this year, can
return it to wheat or other crops
next year as we'll as in the following
years Of the program. Likewise,
a farmer who retires land under the
soil bank next year can plant it
during the last two years of the
program.
Mr.. Shuman said that the prac-
tice of taking land out of produce
ton one year, but returning it TO
production the next year would
defeat the programs purpose. He
said land idled one year would tend
to increase its moisture reserve
and fertility to a point where, If
put back to crops the next year,
it would produce more than enough
to Offset the reduction of the
previous year.
The Farm Bureau leader argued
that members of Congress, in de-
batting the soil bank bill, expressed
the belief that land should be idled
for period Of more than one year.
He pointed out that the legisla-
ton carries a provision which speci-
fies that the soil bank payments
should be such as TO encourage
producers to underplant their al
lotments for more than one year
In commenting on this provision
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22

ana virginia legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week.
SENATE
on confirming the nomination of
Simon E. Sobeloff to U. S. Court Of
Appeals, fourth circuit. Confirmed,
64-19. July Is.
For; ,Be9ll r.; Msl' Bgtlsr r.. Nd,
On passage Of a bill to amend
the Social Security Act to extend
old age and survivors insurance
coverage, permit payment Of OASI
benefits to permanently and totally
disabled workers at age so, instead
Of IS, increase OASI taxes and
make OASI benefits available to
women at age 81. instead of IS.
Agreed to, 900, July H.
For: Beall, Butler, Byrd. Robertson.
On passage of the bill authoriz-
ing Federal construction, operation
and maintenance Of Hells Canyon
Dam on the Snake River between
Idaho and oregon. Rejected, 41-5l.
July 10.
AEainst: Beall. Butler, Byrd, Robertson.
During debate on foreign aid APP
preparations for fiscal 1857. On
committee amendment to increase
appropriations from SIT billion to
s2.3 billion for military and eco
nomic assistance.
Eor--Beall Butler
Against-Byrd, Robertson.
lconRressional quarterly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22

The Secretary usually plunges
into the new business at hand. If
he is going to another foreign cap
ital, he briefs himself on the issues
and personalities that will confront
him.
If he is headed home, he studies
the myriad details and policy deci-
sions which complicate the lives of
all Secretaries of State. Mr.. Dulles
has found. incidentally, that this
tremendous burden of important
detail, which the Secretary alone
can handle, has cut into his time
for policy thinking.
Encourages effectiveness
Mr.. Dulles is particularly con-
SciouS of mis- responsibility to bring
creativeneSS to his job. He realizes
that there are many critics, some
outside the administration but some
inside, as well, who doubt his abil-
ity to produce new, dynamic poll
icies for the Nation.
He uses two main methods of
stimulating creativity. First, there
are the long week ends-which
stretch into weeks and fortnights-
at his primitive, back-to-nature
retreat on Duck Island in Lake
Ontario. There he has almost
nothing to do except help Mrs.
Dulles cook-and think.
His other method, reserved for
civilization, is speech-writing. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
By EARL H. vOSS

All the critical talk about the
Secretary Of States strenuous
travel schedule reminds John Foster
Dulles of a hardbitten old lawyer
he used to know on Wall Street.
The gentleman stubbornly refused
to use the telephone. 1t was unre-
liable, he found.
Mr.. Dulles looks back on that
man as a typical ld-fashioned
stick-in-the-mud. And the same
goes for people today who say that
the Secretary of States place is
in the State Department, Mr.. Dulles
says emphatically.
Far from losing time, as some
contend. Mr.. Dulles thinks he gains
1t on his flying trips. He finds that
a few hours face-to-face with
foreign Minister can accomplish
more than days of cable exchanges
and the decisions can be made
flrSt-hand, not on the strength Of
less information, passed along
secondhand by ambassadors.
Thus both the quality and guam
tity of work accomplished by a
flying Secretary of State outstrip
that of sedentary one, in Mr..
Dulles view.
The powerfully built Secretary is
puzzled by assertions that air travel
taxes ones stamina. Mr.. Dulles in
sists that he finds his flying excur-
sions much more relaxing-and
efficient-than similar periods of
time spent in his f1fth-f1oor suite
at the State Department, where he
is much more accessible than aboard
a high-fiying plane.
He also rejects the charge that
because of his travels he neglectS
Congress. He feels he has spent
more time with his old comrades
on Capitol Hill then any Secretary
of State in history.
Fall of "a Wos Peck
Mr.. Dulles State Department adj
visers look back on the late summer
and early fall of 1854 as the peak
period for his airborne diplomacy.
That was when the European De-
Tense Community was developing
it's death rattle. At the same time,
Mr.. Dulles was trying to save Indo-
China. He was also sparkling the
Southeast Asian countries to their
defense alliance, which became
known as SEATO.
FormoSa was becoming a hot
target of Red Chinese threats. Mr..
Dulles shuttled from London to
Manila to Taipei to London to Paris
and WaShington-with a crucial
trip to a Denver National Security
Council meeting thrown in-work-
ing to hold Americas alliances to-
gether while convincing the Com
munists that they would be risking
too much to attempt any major
adventures.
Mr.. Dulles uses transoceanic air.
planes like the overnight train to
New York. He sleeps well in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
BY AL ALIBRANDO

Teen-age gang members are
often strangers in their own homes.
A study of youth gangs here re-
vealed that many parents are out
of touch with their children and
that this lack of contact often
makes for the loneliness that breeds
trouble-seeking gangs.
What's more, many parents ex-
hibit an amazing lack of interest
when they learn that their young
sterS are either in trouble or
headed straight for it.
This spring police broke up a
youthful HOUSEKEEPING ring that
had committed IA burglaries over a
two-month period. Detectives said
parents of the eight juveniles, all
from a good northwest neighbour
hood, did not know their children
had been involved until they were
in custody.
Il can't explain it," said sixth
precinct detective. "Those kids
ranged from 9 to II, yet none of
the parents bothered to find out
why they were staying out late at
night or how they got the jewelry
they were wearing and giving their
friends"
Youth Aid Division officers said
the juveniles were properly fed,
clothed and sheltered by their
parents.
There was only one thing miss
ing-parental interest in what the
kids were doing and thinking" re-
ported on officer.
In another part Of town, q
worker at the Christ Child Settle
ment House attempted to interest
parents Of members of the North
east Saints gang in the activity of
the teen-agers at the community
center.
Il invited them here to talk about
their sons problems" she said.
None of them came. What can
you do when the parents don't
care?"
Psychiotrist's Views
The lack Of parental interest is
the core of the juvenile delinquency
problem, believes DR.. Addison Du-
val. pSychiatrist who heads the
professional advisory committee to
the Commissioners Youth Council.
If the child has love, under
standing and discipline in the home,
he is usually not problem child"
said DR.. Duval. when a child
receives no recognition in the home,
he goes elsewhere for it. Fighting
and crime sometimes is the means
Of getting that recognition"
DR.. Duval described gang mem
berShip as normal part of ma
turing. He explained that teen
ayers want to tell other about their
problems, fears and triumphs.
When there's no one to listen-no
understanding parent-the young
sters frequently turn to gang mem
bership.
This is the way a 14-year- old
member Of a Northwest gang ex-
pressed 1t when asked about the
activities Of his group:
I'VE don't do much Sometimes
we go to a show or stand around
the corner. Most of the time we
just get together and talk stuff
over"
The gang study, made during
preparation of a series of articles
I'M The Star, also disclosed that a
need for recognition, perhaps a
by-product of an empty home life,
Is q common characteristic among
gang members-and one that can
be turned to good purpose.
Some youngsters, of course. get
their recognition by excelling on the
football field, baseball diamond or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
By JOHN A. REICHMANN

Russia's tremendous industrial
development since the end of World
War II is causing some of President
EiSenhower's top policy advisors to
consider the possibility that the
cold war of threats and propa-
ganda is becoming history'S most
spectacular economic war.
Information being received here
through both open and secret
channels indicates that Kremlin
leaders are now ready to pursue
that phase of the Marxist revolu-
ton designed to establish Russia as
the worlds greatest economic power.
Since the death of Stain, the
Iron Curtain has parted enough to
establish that the Soviet Union is
no longer an agricultural nation
butSan industrial one.
The nature of information being
received here was disclosed by
Allen w. Dulles, director of the
Central Intelligence Agency, in
speech carried in part by the Sun
day Star several months ago.
In that speech, Mr.. Dulles re-
ported that Russia has become the
second greatest industrial power in
the world, with gross national pro-
duction slightly more than one
third that of the United States and
production of capital goods alone
about As per cent of ours.
Therefore the question is not so
much whether but when the Com
munist world will be able to chal-
lenge the West for industrial lead
ership. Some observers think it
will come in 10 or Is years, within
the lifetime of present Kremlin
leaders.
Business Is Not Concerned
Representatives of business Or
CARNATIONS with whom this subject
was discussed expressed the view
that the present high rate of Amer
lean industrial expansion will prove
sufficient to meet the Soviet threat.
The trade fairs which are be-
coming increasingly common abroad
are becoming arenas in which the
products of American and Russian
industrialism can compete. An1eri-
can industry had been reluctant to
take part in the fairs, writing them
of as a waste of time. But Com
merce Secretary Sinclair Weeks set
up an Office of International Trade
Fairs in his department in Febru-
airy, 1855, and since then many
American industries have sent
samples and exhibits.
The displays from the United
States have been big drawing cards
wherever they have appeared. In
New Delhi, India. they far outshone
the Russian exhibits. These DEM
onstrations Of the fruits of Ameri-
can industry have been displayed
in "a countries around the world.
The problem of Soviet expansion
is increased by the fact that the
Soviet Union is using its expanding
power to produce capital goods
rather than concentrating on con-
sumner goods.
The Soviet's extension Of a loan
Of 500 million TO Afghanistan and
the building Of an airport there
are examples Of the new economic
offensive and no doubt a deep i'm
preston was created in India when
Moscow offered . steel mill and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-22
NEARBY VOTES

Votes Of the nearby Maryland
and Virginia legislators on major
roll calls in Congress last week.
cEkIATE
, 1956-12-31
LOST BOUNDARIES

January 3rd, so that all may
have an opportunity Of seeing
this moving drama of Negro
life.
The release states: "Of all
the problems involving pre-
JUDGE against Negroes, the
one of passing" lin which
lightskinned Negroes attempt
t Q present themselves as
Whites one Of the most
tragic, and it is to the credit
of Louis de Rochemont, pro-
Queer, and Alfred Z. Worker,
director, that they have been
able to fashion a touching, al
ways tender picture Of these
people with Lost Bounda-
RES who are said to number
5000, OOO."
This picture is a drama of
real life from "The Readers
Digest" in which Beatrice
Pearson, Mel Ferrer, Susan
Douglas, Canada Lee q d
Richard Hylton have impor-
tant parts.
, 1956-12-31
.
noncompliance.

"a willful violation he
said, @can bring a fine Of up
to 5000, a Jail sentence, and
deportation. To avoid possible
lily Of penalty, each alien
should 60 to the nearest I'm
migration office or post office
during January, obtain an adj
dress report form and return
the card to the clerk after
completing it,
T h E immigration official
, 1956-12-31
A. A.

Federal funds for the follow
ing work: Construct airport
terminal building, airport fire
and crash building and air
port maintenance building;
new perimeter access road;
auto parking area; aircraft
apron and connecting taxi
ways; warm up pad at east
end of runway; light apron
and distinctions.
The Virgin Islands Govern
ment will match these Federal
funds with approximately
$4,000 of local Essential
Public Projects Funds.
A supplementary Project
, 1956-12-31
lob PRIN TING
S U B sc R 1

Application has been made to
the Civil Aeronautics Admin
istration which, when APP
proved, will bring the total
cost of the improvements to
the Alexander Hamilton Air
port to approximately 900, 900
dollars.
, 1956-12-31

stressed that no non-citizen
should mail his own card.
T h e announcement fol-
lowed a statement + r Q m
Washington in which Immi-
grafton Commissioner ]. M.
Swing reminded aliens in the
United States Of the address
report requirement.
In his statement, Commits
sioner Swing stated that the
only non-citizens exempt form
the address report require
ment are persons in diploma
tic status, foreign representa-
tives in the United Nations,
and NJ x j { contract
laborers.
Any non-citizen outside the
country during January is re-
CURED to file the report
within 10 days Of his return.
, 1956-12-31
BLUEBEARDsS

Robert F. Wagner's Advisory
Council for New York City.
Mr.. Alexander is also associat-
ed with the Carver Savings
and Loan Association; and the
United Mutual Life Insurance
Company as a board Of direc-
tors member.
Along with her fine hus-
band, Mrs. Alexander is well
known to all progressive and
civic minded people Of Har-
lem. Their son, Clifford, Jr.,
completed his undergraduate
studies-with emphasis 0 n
public administration p u S
political science-at Harvard
University. He will visit after
finishing law at Yale in the
near future.
The reporter wanted to in
troduce the Alexanders by
letter to a host Of friends
whom he felt should know
them and who would extend
the hospitality Of their homes.
Because they want to rest, the
Harlemites begged to b e
spared the physical strain of
too much social attention.
Nevertheless, the Alexanders
are fully aware they can't
avoid Atty. james A. Bough;
District Attorney Miller; and
DR.. Singleton.
, 1956-12-31
FINE QUALITY PRINTING
BrOdhurst's Printery offers Is.

PUERTO RICO
on behalf Of St. Crooks Queen
Mabel.
Special guest at the party
was Miguel Tapia Gonzalez,
head Of the organization in
charge Of the visitors.
, 1956-12-31
CONTRIBUTION

CONTRIBUTION
Phaire. W. Edwards. several
persons signed only as IA
Friend and with initials
only. It must be mentioned
also that Jose Calderon, in adj
dition to his contribution Of
candies for distribution to the
children gave a substantial
cash contribution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-16
Notes Are Exchanged

fore the U. N. General Assembly
convenes, in November.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-16
Can Hear information

In effect. scientists explained,
this will permit scientists of
countries taking part in the In
ternational Geophysical Year to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-16

Of the Suez Canal. This is in
line with proclaimed government
policy against using the force
Of arms to keep the canal open.
Available information seems to
support the Pentagon's insistence
that there has been no designed
augmentation of forces in Eu-
rope, the Mediterranean or Mid
die East since Egyptian Presi-
dent Nasser announced last July
that Egypt was taking over the
canal.
So far as can be determined
(the precise current figures are
military secrets the overall
American military strength in
Europe, where the great bulk of
shore based forces are located. is
about $4,000. These are the
personnel Of the Army, the Air
Force and. of Naval personnel
working at shore establishments.
The $4,000 figure compares with
a peak of about $4,000 when the
deployment of forces for par
ticipation in the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization defenses of
Western Europe was at maxi
mum.
fhe Pentagon insists that
there has been no cut in combat
forces in the European-M editer-
ranean- North African area.