davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02

Build front ends to absorb shock.
Some critics accused the auto
industry Of being more interested
in sales appeal and style than in
safety. And it's true that the in
dustry didn't exactly jump at the
snap Of medical fingers.
It's engineers said some ideas were
interesting but impractical or too
costly. Were there facts or just
opinions or only isolated instances
behind an idea?
Nor did the public clamor for
changes.
Who Would Buy III"
Theoretically you might build a
car in which you might never get
hurt" said one nonautomotive
scientist. 1T could be a padded
cell, with you strapped inside pas
sengers perhaps unable to see out.
It wouldn't look very sexy. Who
would buy it?"
Auto makers could point to a
number of safety features-non-
shattering glass. steel tops, better
brakes and lights and steering con-
troll. greater visibility. easier ac-
feasibility of controls.
These helped mainly in avoiding
accidents. Along with improved
roads, safety campaigns, and other
factors they contributed to an I'M
preSsive drop in the rate of highway
deaths.
The death rate per 100 million
passenger miles fell from lat in
1887 to ga in 1854, even though the
number Of cars and miles travelled
nearly doubled. Far fewer autos
actually killed 1000 more persons
in 1887 than in 1855.
Injury reduction has not been so
sharp.
Deaths have ranged from 81 900
to nearly 10000 every year since
1880, with $4,000 predicted this
year.
Recently facts and findings to
support proposals for changes in
side cars came from such agencies
as the automotive crash injury re-
search project of Cornell University
Medical College and Indiana State
police studies.
They could report:
. Your chance Of death or injury
is twice as great if you're thrown
out Of the car than If you remain
inside. That's based on abundant
statistics-one isolated case proves
nothing.
. Doors popped open in rs per
cent of overturned cars, in SO per
cent Of cars struck but not over
turned. Children and adults often
went flying out.
. In nearly half of fatalities. the
car interior is still structurally In
tact. People died from hitting
things inside, or being elected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02

status is the cleaning new eight
story AFL-CIO building on Six
tenth street. Built at a cost of
S4.8 million it towers over it's next
door neighbor, historic st. Johns
Episcopal Church, and its upper
windows command view of La
fayette Park and the White House.
A mile away, Just of Union Sta
ton plaza and facing the Capitol
obliquely, is another labor show
piece-the new flve-story home of
the Transfers International Union,
an ultramodern structure that
stands out spectacular1y in that
neighborhood. Built at a cost of
SIS million, it was completed a little
over year ago.
To the northwest of the ALL
CLIO Building, just below Du-
pont circle. the International As
ISOLATION of MachiniSts' building of
cleaning marble, stone and steel
rises 10 floors on the site occupied
by the British Embassy during the
days of Queen Victoria. The build
ing. at Connecticut avenue and
N street cost $3.2 million.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
BY HERBERT BRATTER

Personal representatives of the
presidents of the 81 American re-
publics will convene in Washing
ton the week of September II in
a follow-up of the meeting of
presidents at Panama in July.
Carrying out a recommendation
of President Eisenhower, the Sep
TENDER gathering will seek con-
crete recommendations for making
the Organization of American
States more effective in the eco
nomic, financial, social and tech
nical fields. Atoms-for-peace prob
ably also will get some attention,
although at this writing no firm
agenda has been drawn up.
Both the Panama meeting and
convocation of the September
follow-up have given a lift to
Latin American aspirations, eco
nomic and otherwise. The interest
evidenced by President Eisenhower
and his appointment of his brother
Milton as his personal representa-
tive for the September conference
are regarded in the southern coun-
tries as providing more favorable
climate for consideration Of projects
favorable to them.
1t is in this climate that the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02

The former building Of the lam,
on the northeast corner of Ninth
street and Mount Vernon place, has
been taken over by the Municipal
and Supervisory Employees union.
previously headquartered in Madi-
son, Wis.
Back on Sixteenth street, a little
more than a year ago the Inter
national Union of Electrical Work.
ers moved into it's six-story building,
facing the Soviet Embassy.
In the Tue building is situated
the national Offices of the AIneri-
can Newspaper Guild. which re-
Gently followed the growing trend
toward the Capital by labor or
carnations.
Among comparatively new build
ingS is that of the National Letter
Carriers Association at 100 Indiana
avenue. 1t was during the dedica-
ton of this handsome, $1.8 million,
four-story structure several years
ago that former Postmaster Gen.
eral James A. Farley credited labor
unions with helping to realize the
dreams of Major Henri Pierre
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
DISTRICT
By HECTOR MCLEAN

Development Of new strategy In
the Districts continuing campaign
to wrest higher contributions by
Congress to the costs of operating
the municipal government has come
into the open.
1t is revealed with publication Of
the Budget Offlce's recommended
tons to the Commissioners on the
amounts of money to be budgeted
for spending during the fiscal year
1858, which begins next July /.
Publication Of details will continue
until Friday.
The disclosure results from the
Budget ONCE proposal that the city
heads ask for only $23 million In
Federal payment in fiscal 1858,
although under existing law the
District is entitled to ask for APP
preparation Of s28 million.
This is because, under the Public
Works Act Of 1854. the District is
entitled to ask for appropriation Of
any authorized amounts Of Federal
payment not previously appro-
priated-in other words. to ask for
restoration of cuts made by Con-
gress in the annual Federal pay
ments for fiscal 1856 and 1857
These total IS million.
Removing q Reason
The motive for the proposed new
policy Is that Congress justified It's
cuts those years on the ground that
appropriation Of the full Federal
payment would leave the District q
cash surplus. which the House APP
preparations COMMITTEES was op-
posed 70 doing.
II this y . - ne sontanuins
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
DISTRICT
Budget Office Tries New Strategy
To Get More Money From Congress

policy Of Congress, District stan
executives reason, why ask for any
more Federal payment than the
amount for which an absolute cash
need can be demonstrated?
While the District could ask for
s28 million. they figure this would
only invite Congress TO start honing
its axe again.
Thus. they seem now to be dedi-
Gated to keeping to bare minimum
any cash surpluses resulting from
the difference between the city's
income and its spending.
One indication Of this technique
is that the Budget ONCE proposal
for next year leaves an estimated
surplus Of only $2o7.179 in the city's
General Fund bank account at the
Treasury. which finances all Dis
trict spending except that for high
ways. motor vehicle parking. water
and sanitary sewage works.
Not only is the surplus trimmed
TO S207. 179-which is small in re-
lation TO the s15s million sched-
uled for General Fund spending
but the traditional 81 million re-
serve for later contingencies has
been omitted.
Thus, the District Budget once
seems TO be advising the Commits
sioners TO tell Congress that a cut
In the proposed Federal payment
for fiscal 1858 will also require a
cut in the city spending program
With constant pressure from cit
liens and department heads for
more and more spending on more
and bigger programs Of public serv-
ice. the Commissioners presumably
WI have no trouble planning 70
spend Al Tie money they hope 70
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
MARYLAND
By GENE GOODWIN

OF all the men the Democrats
could have named to replace Willard
E. Tydings as their senatorial NOM
inee, the man they finally and re-
luctantly settled on is the one most
feared by Republicans.
George P. Mahoney is a tough
campaigner and Senator John Mar
shall Butler, although he has rea-
son to be optimistic about re-
election, knows now that his work
is cut out for him.
Senator Butler and other Mary
land Republican leaders were at
tending their national convention
in San Francisco when MI Tydings
finally announced his long-rumored
withdrawal from the race because
of failing health. Speculation about
the new Democratic nominee Sen
ator Butler would have to face was
one of their main topics of CONVEX
sation after the "McKeldin for Vice
President" boomlet collapsed.
The Democratic names discussed
out there as possible Butler foes
included Michael J. Birmingham,
Philip B. Perlman, w. Preston Lane,
Judge William c. Walsh, State Con-
troller J. Willard Tawes. Attorney
General @. Ferdinand Sybert. Her
bert r. O'Conor and Mr.. Mahoney.
Rumor Is Welcomed
There was great elation in SEN
ator Buffers encourage when word
reached the West Coast that Mr..
Birmingham had the nomination
all sewed UP. The Senator's friends
figured he would have fairly easy
time defeating man whose highest
public Office has been president of
the Baltimore County Commission
ers and who, If known much at all
outside Of his own county. is known
only as a political boss.
But Mr.. Birmingham finally de-
cided not to seek the nomination,
after earlier claiming that he had
enough votes on the State Central
Committee to win it. And so the
warmed-over nomination was won
by Mr.. Mahoney at that Democratic
donnybrook held In Baltimore Mon
day night.
The Republican fear Of Mr.. Ma
honey is based on his three previous
attempts at high State office, when
he tossed the rule book out the
window and tore into his Democratic
primary opponents as if they were
Republicans.
He toned down his blood-and-
thunder tactics in last springs pri-
mary against Mr.. Tydings, but the
Republicans say he did that only
because he mistakenly believed he
had the nomination In the bag.
Against Senator Butler this fall.
he'll be back in his old role as the
snarling underdog.
Well Known 10 Voters
Another advantage Mr.. Mahoney
has y The fact that he has been in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
Democrats Picked Senate Candidate
Most Feared by State Republicans

ity that she might run in the place
Of Mr.. Tydings.
It is difficult to tell what kind
Of fight she would have been able
to give the man who bumped her
husband from the Senate six years
ago.
But that is an academic question
now.
The Democrats, whether they
like it or not, will ride with Mr..
Mahoney. Despite his unpopularity
in some segments of his own dis
unified party-a characteristic Of
almost all Maryland Democratic
standard bearers these days-he
figures to give the Democrats about
as good a chance against Senator
Butler as they can reasonably ex-
pect.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
Science Finds
Auto Sofety
Is Improved
By ALTON 1. BLAKESLEE

NEW YORK. How good are seat
belts, safety door latches. recessed
steering wheels. padded instrument
panels and other devices offered to
make automobile travel safer? Are
they saving lives and limbs on the
Nations highways? What addi-
tional measures can and should
be taken?
Answers to these questions, of
vital importance to every car driver
and rider. are promised through
new research. Scientists, State
police. physicians and auto makers
are probing into just what happens
and why in auto accidents. The
highway is the clinic.
Early findings from automotive
crash injury research At Cornell
University Medical College indi-
cate the new safety features are
paying on. Meanwhile, still more
new features are rumored for some
1857 models-perhaps including
recessed handles and knobs, re-
designed instrument panels or
dashboards less likely to cause in
juries.
These are all part of q new
trend-a somewhat controversial
one-in auto safety.
The premise is this: If an unex-
pected accident does happen even
to expert drivers like you, what
can be done inside the car to re-
duce the chance of death or injury?
Can kind of safety vaccine be
devised against the split-second
exposure to an accident?
A basic approach is to prevent
accidents in the first place, to con-
troll the accident virus.
In that line are old and new
campaigns to reduce speeds, halt
drunken driving, train better driv-
ers. enforce laws, build better high
ways for faSt-expanding traffic,
tighten licensing to weed out in
competent and dangerous drivers,
require periodic exams and even
medical checkups, stress the hor-
ror Of highway deaths, train more
doctors more skillfully in treating
crash injuries and many other
proposals.
The safety devices built into the
car itself are intended to supple
ment these efforts.
5 Million Times q Yeor -.
Five million times year q car
or other vehicle hits something.
Every 81 seconds someone is hurt
1,350,000 persons last year. Every
IA minutes someone dies - more
than $4,000 in 1855. $50 did some
$4,000 Americans in accidents in
their own homes0
Some doctors, and organizations
like the American College of Sur
geons and American Medical Asso-
citation have long urged steps to
minimize injury if an accident does
come.
Some proposals: Make the car
steel shield protecting the occu-
pants, don't let them fly about like
eggs. Recess knobs. Pad skull
cracking hard surfaces. Face seats
backwards. Limit top speed to SIS
m.p.h. by governors. Install seat
belts or shoulder harnesses. Design
steering columns that telescope
downward under chest impact.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
BY EDMUND G. MONK

Three quarters of a century ago
a young carpenter named Peter
Mcguire arose in New York City
Central Labor Union meeting and
proposed an annual holiday to
honor the American workingman.
Mr.. McGuire's proposal for rec
ignition of those who from rude
nature have delved and carved all
the grandeur we behold" was
adopted and on September 5, 1882,
a Tuesday, New York City's union
members paraded and picnicked In
glorious fashion.
In 1884 the holiday was cele-
brated on the first Monday in Sep
TENDER, as Mr.. MCGUIRE had orig
inally suggested. and it has been so
celebrated ever since, gradually
becoming recognized as an official
holiday by Congress and all the
States and territories.
Tomorrow the 18th Labor Day
will be celebrated by some 17,500,-
900 members of American labor
unions and by all other Americans,
to whom it has come to mean the
end of the summer and the be-
ginning of the school and work
year.
A Labor Day tour of Washington
would provide all the evidence nee
essary to support the assertion that
in rs years organized labor has adj
vanced to a position Of great
strength, prestige and wealth.
The city is dotted with monu-
mental new union headquarters and
more are in construction and on
the drawing boards.
Strategic Moves
Organized labor has decided that
the way to make its weight felt is
to be right at the seat of govern
ment. and the transfer Of national
union headquarters from some
other city to Washington is the
trend. Some of the unions actually
have located their new homes on
the fringes of Capitol Hill, where
they can keep an actual as we'll as
symbolic eye on Congress. Others
seem to like the high-priced area
Just north of the White House.
Probably the most impressive
display of labor's present exalted
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
VIRGINIA
Leaders Now Support
Device They Spurned

egates to the Democratic National
Convention in Chicago were raised
in support Of Gov. Timmerman's
stand. But what kind of politics
is it that withholds State funds
from Arlington County, for instance,
when it integrates its schools? 1t is
true that Arlington's school board
may choose to mix the races or 1t
may order indignation because a
Federal judge has ordered 1t.
The story in Virginia on this
segregation issue is similar to the
earlier story of the Old Dominion's
role in loyalty to the Democratic
Party.
Four years ago. Virginia baked
at the loyalty oath" whereby she
was asked to support the party
nominee. prior to his selection at
the Democratic National Conven-
ton.
At the same time, the Demo-
cratic organization Of Virginia de-
manded that any one who voted in
the party's primary at home
should support the nominee, whom
ever it would be.
Legislators Agreed
Just about every member Of the
observation-disclosures and Repub-
lican-is agreed that Virginia's
schools should be operated on a
segregated basis. Opponents Of Gov.
Stanley's program are pushing hard
for a pupil assignment plan" In
the spirit Of compromise advocates
OF this plan have proposed that the
Governor appoint local assign
ment boards" which would take
away from school superintendents
the function of assigning-let's be
realistic about it--Negro children
to specific schools.
That means that, for example,
the Governor could appoint three
strong segregationists to the as
signment board of a county-such
as Arlington-whom he could de-
pend upon to maintain segregation.
But isn't this centralized gov
eminent" tying the local govern
ment closer 70 Richmond?
When you speak Of centralized
government to Senator Byrd, head
Of virginias Democratic organiza-
ton. II is like waving a red nag.
These are indeed strange times
IN Virginia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02

get from recently increased taxes
as well as the t23 million in Fed
eral payment for which they may
ask each year.
In addition to this annual au-
thorization, there is the backlog
which Budget ONCE staffers are
now calling reservoir of pre-
vious cuts in the Federal payment.
Convenient Reserve
This, they contend, Is a con-.
venient thing to have at hand.
1They point out that Federal work.
ers' unions have just begun TO cam
paign for another Federal wage
increase which would also 90 TO
District employees.
Since the District now is SPEND
ing almost all the money 1t takes
in, and presumably will be doing
so in the future. such a round Of
wage increases would have 10 be
paid for by new revenue. This new
revenue would have to come from
two major sources--increase taxes
or increased Federal payments.
Some of II. the staffers argue.
could come from the SIS million
reservoir Of previously authorized,
but unsppropriated. Federal pay
ment money. And. they theorize,
the congressional committees which
have had 10 put through two
rounds Of big tax increases in the
last three years are pretty sick Of it.
They calculate that Congress
would prefer 10 give back previous
cuts in the Federal payment rather
than raise taxes again 70 soon.
District taxpayers. presumably,
win hope that the new strategy
works.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02

the public limelieht almost con-
stantly since 1850. A difficult proc
ess Of e-introduction to the voters
would have been necessary with
most of the other names on the
list.
Mrs. Eleanor Tydings, the last
minute candidate of the Old Guard
and anti-Mahoney forces on the
State Central Committee, was not
even considered by the Republicans
as possible successor to the nonni-
nation her husband had to relin-
quish.
Until last week end, Mrs. Tydings
had taken the position that her
place was at her ailing husbands
side. That. at least, was the answer
she gave this writer when asked
in early August about the POSSIBLE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
VIRGINIA
BY ALEX r. PRESTON

Vrginias inconsistencies continue
unabated
The Democratic organization is
speaking one way in Richmond to-
day but it was speaking the other
way in Chicago.
Right now, Gov. Stanley wants to
withhold the taxpayers money
from any county, city or town that
tntegrates its public schools. even If
ordered to do so by Federal court.
That is the essential part of his
program now before the General
Assembly's special school segrega-
ton session.
But two weeks ago. Vlrginias top
organization leaders took jaun-
diced view at the principle involved
in Gov Stanley's proposal.
virginians echoed the views Of
South Cardinals Gov George Bell
Zimmerman in opposing the with
holding of Federal aid for school
construction in those States that
maintain aggregated schools.
But Gov. Stanley would apply the
same idea to Virginias political
subdivisions by withholding State
aid from any locality that operates
integrated schools.
'Ploying Cheop Politics -
The way Gov. Zimmerman ex-
pressed 1t was this: Playing cheap
politics with the lives Of little chill
dren cannot win for the Demo-
Gratis
Gov. Zimmerman. OF course. was
speaking about a Democratic-con-
troiled Congress withholding Fed
eral aid for school construction
from those States that maintain
segregated schools. The PROPOSE
ton was advanced by Representa-
tive Powell. Democrat Of New York
But what does Gov Stanley pro-
pose?
That the State withhold its rev.
enues-supplied by all taxpayers
from any locality where integrs-
ton occurs. It makes no difference
TO Mr.. Stanley whether the locali-
tvs school board has been ordered
TO intesrate by Federal court. His
embargo OF that locality's tax funds
would be applied. regardless.
Is this playing cheap politics
with the lives Of little children ~
The voices Of many Virginia del
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
81 Million Vehicles -

1857 1888 1910 1917 1914 1916 1913 1850 1852 1854 1855
PRoGRES@Depe travel rise auto utoIiH oe is downsrude
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-09-02
WeII- known 10 Yofer,

| Another advantage Mr.. Mahoney
has y the fact that he has been n
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-04-03
Bond Sales Total
S50,021 Here

Ohio sales of Series T and II
Savings Bonds in February were
the highest February sales in 10
years reported Paul NJ Dwyer,
chairman of the Madison County
Savings Bonds Committee.
Series Z and II sales were just
under $35 million for a gain of
3.6% over the same month year
ago. 1T now appears. as if the con-
centration on sales through the
Payroll Savings Plan is beginning
to bear fruit" stated the county
chairman. Nearly 2400 Ohio COM
panies are presently operating the
Payroll Savings Plan through
which the individual employee may
purchase the Series E Bond on in
stallment payroll purchases.
Sales in Madison County for
February totaled $50.021.
Leading the state in percentage
of sales attained are Holmes, Vim
ton, Medina and Gallia counties.
Leaders among the industrial coun-
ties are Stark, Summit, Cuyahoga
and Lucas counties.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1956-04-03
Lula Mae Cooper
Dies In Hospital

Mrs. Lula Mae Cooper, 65, died
in University Hospital on Monday
morning after an illness of several
months. She had lived in London
most of her life and was a member
of the Pentecostal Church here.
Survivors include her husband,
Harry; four sons, Clarence of
Washington G. Fl. and James,
Charles and Arnold, all of London;
five daughters, Mrs. Bertha Moxey
and Mrs. Esther Howard of Lon
don, Mrs. Josephine Miller of So.
Charleston, Mrs. Mildred Holland
of Springfield and Miss Louise
Cooper of Hamilton, O.; go grand
children and six great-grandchil-
dren; two brothers, Amos Redman
of Columbus and Ralph Redman
of Carr'S Run. o.; and two sisters,
Mrs. Laura Reisinger of Waverly
and Mrs. Lizzie Byrd of London.
Services Wednesday at pm. at
the Lukens Funeral Home, the
Reverend Jones of the Pentecostal
Church officiating. Interment in
KirEwood Cemetery.