davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-07
A Well Done

We. unfortunately, had a
serious fire at our home in
Bethesda on Memorial Day.
A complete loss was averted
by quick and efficient action
on the part of the Bethesda
Chevy Chase. Cabin John and
Glen Echo Fire Departments.
I cannot compliment these
departments too much. The
fire was promptly brought I'M
der control, no unnecessary
damage was done to the prop
erty and a complete cleanup
job was done after the fire
was brought under control.
1t is a great comfort to
live in a neighborhood pro-
tected by such efficient fire
departments. I feel that every
one should know how splen-
didly these departments per-
formed in such a case of emer-
gency. Robert E. L. johnson.
Brickbot
In The Star of May % sew
eral writers take issue with
observer" who contends that
the unearned income of retired
Government workers should
favorably compare with the
earned income of bricklayers.
AS the position of observer"
was clearly untenable, the
bricklayerS had all the best of
the argument.
Union bricklayer Raymond
A. jackson rightly says that,
due to various causes, a brick
layer seldom works a full week.
However. ne omitted an i'm
portant contributing factor to
the lack of work-the annual
unreal OF a strike, with de-
mands for ever higher wages.
and union showdown tactics
which compel the use of sub
stitute building materials.
such as the recently developed
steel wall panels.
The bricklayer who imagines
that his union has achieved
Tor him a special brand of
emancipation in consequence
OF the fact that he lays 400
bricks a day against his proto-
types 1000 or more. rs years
ago, is living in cuckoo land.
All ne has succeeded in doing
is to contribute to the costli-
ness and scarcity of houses
and. incidentally. to aggra-
vate a social problem that, in
Jures his class in the commu-
nifty. AS long as they continue
70 demand the most money for
tne least work. the bricklav-
ers will continue to punish
themselves. Old Reactionary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-07
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-07
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE
reader question vritns
Evening star Information
D. C. Please nclose 3 w" s'O-' %
By THE HASKIN Sci

@. The best dressed" men
for 1855 were chosen on the
basis of certain descriptive adj
jectives. Can you list these
words for me? MFG.
A. News reports in Deem
Der 1855 stated that the ten
men selected by the American
Women's Institute for the best
dressed honors we're headed
by the man with the Ideal
look" Vice President Nixon.
The 'looks" attributed to the
other winners we're poised,
handsome. conservative, execu-
tive. contemporary, impec-
cable, suave, sports, and young.
The Ideal look" was described
as a composite Of meat. smart
and striking" qualities as
sought by the average Ameri-
can man.
@. What wild animal of the
Americas has the widest vocal
range?-P. d.
A. One writer says that the
bowling monkey probably
rates highest In the variety
Of sounds 1t can produce to
convey individual meanings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-07
No Complaints

Jessie B. Solomon.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Important ic'

1t may seem to be small thing, but
Republicans had better think twice before
they keep on referring to the Democratic
Party and its candidates as Democrat
Party and Democrat" candidates. For
Democrats-North, East, South and West
see red whenever Republican drops
the syllable ic-an elision that is gram
matically dubious because noun is not
ordinarily used to describe another noun.
But it is not for this narrow technical
reason that Democrats resent the drop
ping of ic. What infuriateS them is the
strong feeling that Republican, when he
ostentatiously fails to pronounce the syl-
liable, is being not merely ungrammatical
but also deliberately insulting. AS men,
bers Of "the party with heart" they do
not like to have their sensitivities thus
tread upon; they regard It as calculated
Slur, preplanned affrontsa sort Of out
Evening star., 1956-08-28

rageous proclamation Of the time-honored
name of the Nations oldest political
organizations name that is very dear
to many hearts.
So Republicans can toy with this
matter, or make light of it. only at peril
to themselves. AS one Democrat has
warned, they are playing with fire, and
If they do not mend their ways, if they
persist in ignoring the ic, they may suffer
the massive retaliation of tit for tat-Re
for ic-and thus having their own party
referred to as the Publican" Party. And
what is publican? Well, the definition
still remains from Biblical times that he
is often an oppressive and greatly detested
tax collector Chairman Hall, take note.
The tc-dropping stunt could backfire very
severely.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Up a Blind Alley

AS we read Governor SCanleyS mes
sage to the special session of the Virginia
Legislature, which opened yesterday, his
program is designed to attain two un-
attafnable objectives: ~ To discourage
Negroes from pressing suits to admit
Negro children to white schools, and (2)
to prevent any integration anywhere in
the State. Our guess is that he will fail
in both undertakings.
As to the first, suits are already
pending in several Jurisdictions and in
some of these the District Courts have
already ruled against segregation. We do
not believe that the threat implicit in
the Governors program will induce the
plaintiffs to withdraw these suits or dis
courage them from filing additional suits
Nor does 1t seem reasonable to believe
that the punitive aspects of the Stanley
program will prevent some integration.
His proposal to deny State funds to
any locality which integrates school,
even though in compliance with a court
order, is harsh and drastic measure.
But If the alternative, where court order
becomes effective, is to close the schools,
there will be some integration In Arling-
OOll dLu NOI1OIh, lOr lIlSGdIlC6, pubic
sentiment will not tolerate abandonment
OF the public schools. Such localities as
these will keep their schools open even If
they have to raise new tax revenues to
offset the loss of State aid, and these
schools will, in some degree, be integrated.
So the Governors program will fail in its
second, and really its prime, objective.
1t seems to us that Governor Stanley
is trying to lead the people of Virginia
up blind alley-an alley from which
ultimate retreat is inevitable. Perhaps
he will be able to push his program
through the Legislature at this time. But
In our opinion it would be much wiser,
and much less harmful to public educa-
ton in Virginia, to go back to the original
recommendation of the Gray Commits
sion, and let the localities handle this
problem m their own way. This probably
would mean some integration-but so
does Governor Stanley's program.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
New York Race Wide Open

Senator Lehman's announced inten-
ton to retire at the end of his term in
December has thrown wide open the
important senatorial race in New York.
And that seat is important not only
because of its bearing upon control of the
Senate in the new Congress. The New
York Senate race itself, and the relative
strength of the opposing candidates, may
have great effect upon how this biggest
State in the Union casts its presidential
vote. Presidential elections have been
won in the past without finding New York
in the winning column, but its largest
single bloc of electoral votes is the number
one target in any election year.
In the past three decades Mr.. Leh-
man has established himself as one of
the strongest vote-getters in the history
Of the Democratic Party in New York.
It had been uncertain, at his present age
Of 78, whether he would try for reelection
this year, but there was no question about
Democratic hopes that he would do so.
In announcing his withdrawal because he
feels another campaign would be too
demanding upon him, he has expressed
Wagner of New York City as his successor.
However, there are other Democrats who
want the party nomination.
Meanwhile, this development prompts
the Republicans to take another look at
their own chances and their available
candidates New York Attorney General
Javits, the only Republican holding
major State Office, has been in the run
ming for some time and he has record
indicative Of political strength. But there
has been increasing evidence that the
G. o. P.-nationally, as we'll as within the
State-would like to have candidate
better known to the country. Those most
prominently mentioned have been former
Governor Dewey and Attorney General
Brownell Mr.. Dewey's political popular
ity in New York has been demonstrated
on numerous occasions. Mr.. Brownell,
more often political manager than
candidate. was elected to five consecutive
terms in the New York Assembly Either
probably would make strong candidate
and, In any case, hotly contested fight
for the Senate seat Is assured.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Convention Coveroge

I wish to compliment you
on your complete and excel
lent coverage of the conven-
tions. I think all Of your rep
resentatives did an excellent
job. The Mary McGrory copy
was colorful, interesting and
entertaining. I hope we shall
hear more from her.
Michael B. DriscOll.
\ 4 \ \
I join Stewart Smith in his
thanks to The Star for the
Merry" McGrory articles.
Please give the girl more rope.
If she hangs anything, 1t will
not be herself. but possibly a
record for reporting the old
stuff with a brand new look.
v. E. Stack.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Mr.. Mohoney's Chances

Despite the easy victory which George
P. Mahoney won in his fight for the
Democratic senatorial nomination, a seri-
GUS factional split impairs the party'S
chances of unSeating Republican Senator
Butler in November. There was a show
of unity, it is true, led by the defeated
contestant, Mrs. Millard Tydings, after
the 97-55 tally had been recorded In
Baltimore last night. But seasoned OBJ
servers believe it will be miraculous If
the factional wounds caused by the "Old
Guard" (anti-Mahoney) New Guard"
(Mahoney) strife can be healed in time
to bring about the degree of Democratic
solidarity needed to win the election.
Frantic last-minute efforts of the
Old GuardSmen to find suitable candi-
date to oppose Mr. Mahoney-four times
defeated in his campaigns for high office
resulted in the presentation of Mrs.
Tydings' name to the meeting. Old line
regulars, who had been casting about to
find candidate to succeed former Sem
ator TydingS after his withdrawal be-
cause of i'll health, climbed aboard Mrs.
Tydings' "band wagon" The wagon
needed the large bloc of Eastern Shore
votes to really roll, however, and the
Shore forces remained on the Mahoney
side-as promised.
Mr.. Mahoney faces another tough
campaign. AS longtime party rebel"
he has many enemies at top levels of his
party and among the rank and file of
Democratic voters. This is particularly
SO in the nearby counties. If, as is re-
liably reported, lots of Democrats will
remain away from the polls rather than
vote for Mr.. Mahoney, the situation will
be made to order for Republican victory
In the Maryland senatorial contest.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Olympic Tryouts

Last Saturday, a magnificent
community effort resulted in
the greatest Women's Olympic
Track and Field tryoutS ever
staged in this country.
The size Of the crowd, far
exceeding anything heretofore
encountered, proved beyond
doubt that Washington will
support big time sports and
pointed up in a relatively
ignored activity that with the
proper facilities here, such as
the proposed stadium, Wash
ington will turn out in large
numbers for major events.
-Four years ago at the
women's tryouts in another
city, there were fewer than
100 spectators. Newspapermen
and others estimated last Sat-
urday's crowd at American
University's Reeves Field at
5000. National Olympic Of
ficials who were present ex-
pressed amazement and pleas
ure at the turnout here.
Credit goes to the American
Legion for sponsoring the try
outs and guaranteeing $3.50
for the Olympic Fund in order
to bring to Washington its first
Olympic tryouts of any nature.
1t was a serious gamble. based
on past attendance. On the
day of the meet, its members
were most helpful.
The Washington Board of
Trade and especially Clarence
Arata and Bob Simmons, the
National Capital Parks. Amer
ican University for going all
out to prepare the track and
provide housing for the ath-
letes. and the many officials
Of the D.C.A.A.U. who con-
Quoted the meet deserve a
strong commendation for the
part they played in making
the event SO very successful.
AS for the girls. they startled
Olympic officials with the
wonderful performance they
gave. Three American records
were set in field events in
which there has been a woeful
weakness in the past. The
Olympic com mittee had
planned last April to send a
team Of 10 to Melbourne for
the Olympics. After the results
OF the Saturday meet were in,
the committee revised the
figure upward to a total Of 20.
1t will be the best women's
team this country has ever
sent to the Olympics, with the
probability that 1t will triple
the II points won at Helsinki.
Washington can feel a real
glow Of pride at being host to
so successful an event as last
Saturdays.
Howard p. Bailey,
Director, women's Olympic
Track and Field Tryouts.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Studies Returns

The thesis that the Republic
can margin of victory in 1852
was supplied by Democrats
and Independents cannot be
demonstrated.
In counties that have gone
Democratic for years, reflect
ing largely the big city voting
districts Of New York, Chi
cago, Boston and Detroit, Mr..
Stevenson received, In 1852,
from go to SO more votes
than did Mr.. Truman in 1948
or Mr.. Roosevelt in 1914. AS a
matter of fact, even in nrmally
Republican areas, upstate
New York, down-state Illinois,
Massachusetts outside of Bos-
ton and Michigan, outside Of
Detroit. the Stevenson vote
exceeded that Of his Demo-
cratic predecessors with one
exception only, the Truman
vote in Massachusetts,. Ste
venson totals in 1852 ran
from 1879 to as high as 1872
above the 194S and 1914 fig
ureS, excepting for MasSachu-
sets in 1948 where they ran
about SO below.
If Democrats were crossing
over in 1852 there is nothing
in these figures to show it.
The effect or even the exist
ence Of any large "independ-
ent" vote is almost as ques-
tionable.
The Eisenhower pluralities
OF 1852 came largely out of
districts whose vote normally
runs Republican by margins Of
two or three to one such as
many upstate New York coun-
ties. Stimulated by the Tru-
man scandals and good party
organization, the stay-at-
home Republicans came out
and voted. In that possibility
and in that possibility alone
lies the hope of another Re-
publican victory in 1856. A
campaign pitched at Demo-
Gratis and dargely mythicaD
independents can well ruin
Republican chances.
Non COnstat.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
LIES Just a Myth to navajo indians
By THOMAS r. HENRY

medicine he used to call the
rain down upon the earth and
to make things grow. He could
not live without his medicine
bag and he wished to jump
into the rising water. So he
asked kingfisher to dive into
the water and recover the bag.
But the flood itself did not
subside and the people, to-
gether with most Of the ami
mails, climbed through a hol-
lowed reed into the fourth
world-that Of the white cloud,
or male principle. This fourth
world, however, was a small,
barren land. Again the reed
was planted and through it
life climbed into the fifth
world-that which-he now oc-
cupies."
But beyond this, the Navajo
medicine men teach, there are
two other worlds. First is that
Of the spirits of living things.
Still higher is the place of
melting into one"
A bird "xylophone player"
and a bird with apparently un-
controllable curiosity, deni-
zens Of Venezuelan forests, are
described in a report Just
issued by the Smithsonian In
stitution.
Both birds are tinamous.
turkeylike in appearance al
though belonging to a quite
different family. Both are or
dinarily so secretive that they
seldom are seen.
One small species, according
to the report. would pass un-
noticed were it not for the
lovely, almost bell-like calls of
early morning and evening.
The call is best likened to that
produced by dragging the ham,
mer up the upper keys of a
xylophone, perhaps seven
notes, and then running down
the scale about five notes."
Shy but Inquisitive
The second species are ex-
tremely shy and difficult to
observe but sometimes fatally
inquisitive. Thus, says the
report, ''if the observer re-
mains still, as If waiting for
deer, the birds may approach
to investigate. Often the pat
ter of its feet over the leaves
is clearly audible although the
bird is adept at keeping out of
sight. 1t tries to keep under
cover or behind fallen logs but,
instead of observing in a
crouched position it stands on
tiptoe with its neck stretched
upward as straight as possible,
often moving its head from
side to side"
This particular tinamou,
frightened by the approach of
a dog, would crouch at first
but soon would stand, raise it's
head until the neck appeared
to stretch and, still unsatis-
fed. would move closer to get
a better view.
These two form part of a
collection obtained in the
Venezuelan forests by Foster
D. Smith, jr.. and described
by DR.. Herbert friedman,
Smithsonian curator of birds.
Evening star., 1956-08-28
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

famous Code, named after him.
But whether he read books,
We do not know.
Probably not. He was too
busy to read much.
Books connote some spare
time in a mans life. that is
one of their finest qualities.
The book reader may be out
Of step with a busy world, and
he always has been.
The character in 1.-THE Red
and the Black" who loved to
read about Napoleon was ha-
rassed by his own father, a
farmer. who threw the books
in the river.
+ 4 80
Today nobody throws books
in the river.
That might be pollution.
They simply ignore them.
1t is a better way, and much
easier.
Despite this, and the urge
OF the age to a precious and
hectic buSy-ness. the book busi-
ness booms.
This is because books repre-
sent leisure. in part, just as
dogs used to do.
Now, nobody cares about
what anything represents, and
to this extent it is a more
honest age than some in the
past.
Not every one will have a
dream in the sunshine, but
there is no one who cannot
appreciate books. II he gives
himself the chance.
He doesn't have to dream
about them; he buys them, and
loves them the better for call
ing them his own.
Many Of the worlds best are
10 be had for rs and 35 cents
apiece.
One great book organization
recently published a catalogue
Of paperbooks in print. 1t costs
a dollar, and is worth It, pro-
vided the reader is really a
reader.
Take a look at your book
store. these days, and notice
how they are going "all out"
for the paperbooks.
One firm, known the world
around, devotes one whole wall
to them.
There must be a reason, and
there is:
It is the Booklover.
Evening star., 1956-08-28

There are two hereafters
and four underworlds In the
mythology Of the Navajo In
dianS.
The creation story of this
tribe, together with much
other Navajo mythology, as
revealed by one of its chiefs.
Old Man Buffalo Grass, to
Aileen O'Bryan of Santa Fe.
N. Mex. has just been pub
lished by the Bureau Of Amer
ican Ethnology Of the Smith
sonian Institution. He related
the myths as they were told to
him by his grandmother.
First was the black world, an
island floating in mist. In the
sky above it were four clouds.
black, white, blue and yellow.
The black cloud represented
the female being, or substance.
within whose darkness were
contained the forms Of life.
The inhabitants of this black
world were the mist people
who had no definite form or
bodies.
The white cloud was the
male principle Of creation.
When white and black clouds
met the first man was formed.
Once the races Of plants and
animals had been created by
the meeting Of the clouds these
clouds themselves became
transformed into worlds.
The newly created climbed
into the second world, that of
the blue cloud. They found it
already inhabited by the birds,
especially the blue birds, blue
hawks, blue jays and blue
herons. They resented the in
trusion and the humans found
an opening in the world Of blue
haze. They climbed through
this into the third or yellow
world.
Great Flood Legend
Here occurred the great
flood, q legend which the
Navajo apparently share with
most primitive peoples, prob
ably including all Indian tribes.
after this the people saw
white light in the East and
in the South and West and
North. One of the deer people
ran to the east, and return
ing, said that the white light
was a great sheet of water.
The sparrow hawk flew to the
south, the great hawk to the
west and the kingfisher to the
north. They returned and said
that a flood was coming. The
kingf1sher said that the water
was greater in the North and
that it was near.
when first man learned of
the coming Of the water he
sent word to all the people
and told them to come to the
mountain called Sisnajin. He
told them to bring with them
all the seeds of plants used
for food. ALI living beings
were to gather on top Of the
mountain.
"The water rose steadily.
First man discovered he had
forgotten his medicine bag.
Now this bag contained not
only the earth from the six
sacred mountains, but the
Evening star., 1956-08-28
Morning in the Hills

The fog is lou. the fog is
tender,
A lonely bird Gwakes and
sings,
The night Is ready to surrender
As ddwn 0ltdes In on silent
tDtnOs.
The trees are calm, the trees
are gentle,
Their ledves are moist nth
morning detD,
They form a pattern ornd-
mental
As skies are dipped In light
clear blue.
The hills are green, the hills
are shining,
The snnbedns spread like
ooldenyod,
The FOG unfolds a stikeN lining
To shop the smiling face Of
God.
Elihu Plott
Evening star., 1956-08-28

Q. Which State was the
first to establish a State police
force?-M. c.
A. In 1885 the Texas Rangers
we're organized-the first State
enforcement body Of the type.
Their work included border
patrol and prevention Of cattle
theft. In 1905 the Pennsyl-
vania State Police was formed,
with basic functions similar
10 all State forces today, and
provided with q distinctive
uniform. One Of their main
duties was TO provide a mobile,
trained body TO move quickly