davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1956-03-26
DORIS FLEEsON
Clear Call for Direct Action

proach to the farmers; they
sincerely expected him to pre-
vail.
Their advice at this point to
Democrats is that the Demo-
cratic nominee now has no
choice but to take the simple
Kefauver line on farm policy.
The victorious Senator prom
ised 100 per cent price sup
ports for farmers with less
than $1,000 q year income.
He has been widely tagged
as compromising" Stevenson,
as indeed he. did. But he
tackled the trouble where it
exists chiefly, which is among
the individual and so-called
marginal farmers. They pro-
duce the smallest percentage
of surpluses but they are the
greatest in number and they
feel the coSt-price squeeze the
most.
Congress has never made the
individual farmer the focus of
its farm program. The justi-
fication for doing so is that
the family farm represents
social values which should not
be lost to the country.
Social planning is out Of
fashion in Eisenhower's Wash
ington. It is obviously still
appealing to any group of
Americans that is falling be-
hind in the general march to
prosperity.
Evening star., 1956-03-26
Common Man Approach Is Effective;
New Campaigning Surprises Seen

His supporters quietly made
much of his reputation as a
devoted husband and father,
especially in Catholic circles.
Stevenson's divorce was not
mentioned publicly, but it was
privately.
Organized labor was sup
posedly for Stevenson. but
there is schiSm in its ranks.
The large Republican cross
over into the Democratic pri-
maries was calculated. not
spontaneous. Its object was
less to defeat Stevenson-Re-
publican voters will not partic-
ipate in the nominating con-
Vention or in electing any
Democratic candidate - than
to mess up the national Dem
ocratic Party and deal a blow
at Democratic Senator Hum
phrey and Democratic Gov.
Freeman.
Gov. Freeman. especially. is
able and popular. Both had
personally Endorsed Stevenson.
Neither. beyond that, had in
structed Democratic voters as
to their choice. But the Re-
publican press, almost unani-
mously. Immediately inter-
preted the Kefauver victory as
a blow at "bossism.
Evening star., 1956-03-26
Foreign Policy Regarded as Issue
OF Major Importance in Campaign
BROWN

for itself in what he insists is
a generally more favorable
outlook for peace and progress
since he took Office.
The Democrats have charged,
and will continue to charge.
that the Eisenhower Dulles
foreign policy is basically the
same as the old Truman-Ache-
son policy. except. they hasten
to add, the g. o. P. team has
made a disgraceful record in
failing to take and uphold a
firm stand in Korea and Indo-
china and on the troublesome
challenge Of the Formosa and
offshore islands controversy.
In making the charge. the
Democratic strategists know
they have enough specious
generalitieS at hand to make
the charge sound more reason
able than it is. We must admit
it is of itself quite reasonable,
indeed.
Many close observers here
see the basic foreign policy
unchanged. although they feel
for the most part that the
general attitude of the Gov
ernment throughout, including
foreign policy, has been vastly
improved on the subject of
communism under the Repub-
licans than it ever was under
the soft policies of the Demo-
Gratis.
In an earlier column we dis
cussed the inevitable gains for
Communist Skulduggery aris-
ing from the fact of our presi-
dental election. The influences
of campaign considerations are
indeed sure to temporarily
weaken the prestige and
power of the United States
throughout the world.
There has been little criti-
cism of that statement in itself,
but commentators have ques-
toned the role that foreign
policy issues will actually play
in the campaign. If it is of
Evening star., 1956-03-26
Resistance Under Way in Russia

external trouble, there ensues
q natural concentration on
domestic ailments. That's the
most effective piece Of strategy
the West could have employed.
Now. with all attention focused
on the peoples problems as
contrasted with the govern
ment's dilemmas-that is the
Communist party's own contra
dictory policies ana programs
the chances Of strengthening
the forces Of revolution grow
better every day.
For the Union of Soviet So
cialist Republics is, after all. a
federation Of many small
countries with many different
nationalities. As q writer in the
London Times put 1t:
THE Soviet empire is the
outcome Of a policy Of colonial
expansion steadily pursued
over the past 800 years. From
being a small military state in
the 18th century. Russia has
become the possesSor Of one
seventh Of the globe. Most Of
this expansion was accomp-
liShed under the czars. but ter
ritorial aggrandizement has
been one Of the few features
Of the czarist regime main
tanned by the Communists"
Now If some of the fiery en-
thusiasm to emancipate peo-
piles from "colonialism"-
which unfortunately has
helped to weaken the French
and British empires at a time
when these allies need solidar-
ity on the economic and mill
tary side-were to be applied
to stimulate the different ma
tionalities behind the Iron
Curtain where tyrannical colo
nialiSm exists, many ways of
provoking revolution would be
opened up. Also it would bring
nearer the day when the Colo
nieS under Western rule could
be gradually given their in
dependence with a feeling that
they wouldn't be gobbled up by
Communist agents and infil-
traitors.
There is something stirring
inside Soviet Russia which is
increasing the opportunities
to draw the people of Soviet
Russia away from their crimi-
nal leaders.
Reproduction RIGHTS Reserved)
Evening star., 1956-03-26

In Minnesota, where this
columnist happened to be call
ing at the time. impartial STU
dents of the political situation.
who are not trying to make
capital out of Senator Kefau-
ver's primary victory over Ad-
lai Stevenson, attribute it to
the following factors:
The TennesSean's common
man." person-to-person ap-
proach paid off. Stevenson,
arriving in a town, would see
a few of the Democratic lead
ers, make a carefully prepared
speech and move on.
Kefauver's technique is like
that of a circus promoter out
to bring in the crowd. He walks
through the streets introduce
ing himself and shaking hands.
makes a largely off-the-cuff
speech to the crowd. After
ward, like the pastors of many
churches, he rushes from the
platform to the exit, to shake
hands and say an appreciative
word to every person leaving
the hall. He made such per-
sonal If = transient contacts
with probably tens of thou
sands of persons in Minnesota.
He promises everything to
every organized pressure group,
with no strings or qualif1ca-
tions attached. He favors 100
per cent parity for farmers,
with no mention of controls.
This probably won him the
most votes in a predominantly
agricultural State.
He is all-out for the Negroes
on the desegregation issue
without considering just how
laws can be enforced against
an entire community.
He favorS backing Israel to
the hilt. without presenting the
enormous dangers to the
United States. If it becomes in
volved with Great Britain and
France in partisan interven-
ton in an area where none of
the three countries enjoys any
measure of confidence.
He favors the demands of
labor. He avoids discussion of
the pros and cons and stands
firmly on the side of the larger
numbers and the more effective
organization.
Evening star., 1956-03-26

explained, have been asked to
interpret various aspects of the
Khrushchev declaration and to
evaluate it from the standpoint
Of current Communist policy and
its probable impact.
Among those invited to pro-
vide statements are William
Bullitt, former United States
ambassador to Russia: Whit
taker Chambers, Matthew Woll,
of the AFL-CIO executive coun-
Gil: Max Eastman. Eugene Lyons.
Louis Budenz, William Henry
C hal m b berlain, Constantine
Brown, an Evening Star column
ist; and Clarence Manion, for
mer law school dean at Notre
Dame University.
Mr.. Walter said the state
ments would be published later.
Evening star., 1956-03-26
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Many Angles in Kefauver Victory

This trick is likely to kick
back. The crossover resulted
in a weak showing for Ike in
the Republican primaries. And
the charge of party politics
being made by Washington in
siders may be taken up before
this campaign is over by dis
gruntled Republicans.
My own feeling about the
coming campaign and elections
is that developments and out
come are highly unpredictable
and will contain further sur
prises.
The President is personally
popular but many Of his poll
cies and the personalities in
his cabinet are not. A sure way
to get a round of applause from
any audience is to suggest that
Mr.. Dulles stay at home for a
while.
In the last three weeks I
have been from New York to
California and back and from
the Mexican border to not far
from the Canadian frontier.
without an opportunity
properly to gauge public
opinion, my impression is that
it is in q state of flux. and that
anyone who. at this time, is
making any predictions is ven-
turesome, indeed.
Evening star., 1956-03-26
World Affairs and the, Election

minor Importance, they argue,
why should it at all weaken
the hand of American di-
plomacy?
The answer obviously is that
foreign policy. all pious pledges
of bipartisanship to the con-
trary Notwithstanding, will
decidedly not be a minor issue
at all.
Not only Democrats are un-
happy over the Dulles policies.
There are plenty of good. solid
Republicans who are more
deeply and more genuinely un-
happy over them than all the
Democrats together. And, un-
like the Democrats, the changes
these men would make would
in no wise return the Nation
to the days of the Truman
Acheson regime.
The extent to which the
issues of world affairs will in
trude themselves in the forth
coming political campaign will
depend. to a great extent, on
the events in the world over the
next few months.
An explosion in the Middle
East, for example, would blow
the lid off domestic politics
here as well as in Britain and
France.
Another setback in South
east Asia, a further weakening
of France, already dangerously
undependable in the NATO
concept of the defense of free
Europe, or a Chinese Com
muniSt attack on Quemoy and
the MatsuS would put foreign
policy in the forefront of all
election issues here. q
But to whatever extent
events may dictate, foreign
policy will be an election issue
of major Importance. Let's
face it.
Evening star., 1956-03-26
Red Shift on StuIin
Spurs House Study

The House Committee on Un-
American Activities wants to
know whether Nikita Khrushchev
means what he says about Stain
and, If so, what it means for
the world.
The committee has invited 81
authorities on communism to
submit statements concerning
the recent statement of the
chief Of the Soviet Communist
Party denouncing the Stain re-
igime. Committee Charm n
Walter, Democrat of Pennsyl-
Ivania. said this symposium will
be the first of its kind ever
sponsored by a congressional
group.
The 81 persons. Mr.. Walter
Evening star., 1956-03-26
DAVID LAWRENCE

An incipient resistance to
the established government
in Soviet Russia seems to be
under way. It may not spell
revolution the day after to-
morrow but it can in the not
far distant future alter the
whole course of modern his
tory.
For public opinion-a phrase
that may not mean the same
thing in America as it does in
side the Soviet Union-is as
serting itself. 1t is back of the
recent change of tactics by the
Kremlin rulers in telling the
people that Stain was q
criminal.
Public opinion has forced
the change. Stain himself had
a healthy respect for public
opinion. He was able to de-
ceive it and mould it. The late
Harry Hopkins, who went to
Moscow in 1945 as a personal
representative of President
Roosevelt, once told Stain
that public opinion in Amer
lea didn't favor an indefinite
continuance of lend-le a sc.
Stain, according to Robert
'Sherwood's biography OF Hop
kins, made the comment that
he had to be mindful of pub
lie opinion" too, whereupon, as
Mr.. Hopkins looked skeptical.
the Russian dictator smilingly
assured him that there was
public opinion in Soviet Russia
and it had to be taken into ac-
count or he would not be able
to remain in power.
Public opinion in, the Soviet
Union today centers on eco
nomic discomfort. Farmers are
dissatisfied. Workers are dis
satisfied. The professionally
educated people are dissatis-
fed. Students are showing a
rebellious mood. The simplest
wants of the people go untitled.
The pressure of all this has
been making itself felt.
The Kremlin rulers have had
to meet it. They think they
have found a scapegoat. They
are trying to blame it all on
Stain and they are dependent
Evening star., 1956-03-26
Public Opinion Seen Behind Tactics
OF KremIin Tagging Stain as Criminal

on the ''hard core" Communists
now to persuade the people
that Stalin's policies are to
blame for their present plight.
This Is the kind of thing
that can SNOWFALL. For the
Communist party, after all, Is a
minority in Soviet Russia and
when 1t seeks in a bewildered
manner to convince all the
people that they must retain
confidence in the very men who
were associated with Stain
and still are In power-Krhu-
shchev. Bulganin. Malenkov.
Mikoyan, and the rest-it does
not come as a plausible
argument.
Having revealed that they
are panicky In trying to stem
the tide of popular discomfort,
they probably will encounter
more instead Of less resistance.
It doesn't necessarily mean
armed revolt or palace con-
spiracies right away to seize
power. But 1t means a weak
ening Of authority all along
the line.
American policy for the last
several months may prove to
have been fortuitously wise.
President Eisenhower's willing
ness to go to Geneva to pro-
claim in dramatic fashion
Americas peaceful intentions
and her readiness to reduce
armament may have deprived
the Soviet rulers of their trump
card-a manufactured fear of
military attack on the Russian
people by the Western gov
ernmentS.
Obviously the easiest way to
unite any people and make
them forget internal troubles
is to keep them alarmed about
external matters. Recently the
United States and her allies
have managed to get across to
the people of Soviet Russia the
concept of a peaceful intent.
The Kremlin rulers have al
lowed just enough news of this
attitude and texts of Eisen-
hover speeches to be printed
in the Soviet press as to re-
move the fear of war.
With less fear of war and
Evening star., 1956-03-26
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Republicans may Kefauver They'll split the
presidency Kefauver do the Misunderstanding Ike play
golf-and Sherman Adams will the joint
Republicans will campaign prosperity and prog
They really don't about progress They just threw
spendhrifts prosperity
Women prefer to watch teeviSion It's the only
time housewife make remarks to another womans face
about her hgure-wthout getting any back talk.
One fellow wants to cooperate fully with his President
If Ike going to be pari-me candidate this he'll
be part-time audience listen only Democratic
speeches
l956-mode Democrat is fellow who'll never forgive
Eisenhower for letting him make much money that his wife
made him join the country club
Our offer to armed to 25 million If Russia
will is low Our Army, Navy and Air Force
need that to fight themselves for control of
guided missiles
Evening star., 1956-03-26
.GIee Club to Tour

BLACKSBURG, Va, Mar. 26
(SpeciaD The 50-voice Virginia
Tech glee club will begin its
annual spring tour Friday, April
Is, with stops scheduled for Sweet
Briar, Blackstone and Richmond.
Evening star., 1956-03-26

Register now ut the District
Building, and vote in the Dis
trict election May I.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12

of the university to its present high
position in the academic world.
It was on January 20, 1907, that the
Medical School in Baltimore was char
tered by the General Assembly. 1t was
the fifth such school in the United States
to offer courses in medicine. The Med
ical School became the nucleus around
which have grown most of the univer-
Sity's fifteen schools in the arts, sciences,
law, business administration and other
specialized fields of education. March g.,
1856, marks another significant mile
stone in the university's progress. That
was when the Maryland Agricultural Col
lege was chartered at College Park In
1920 the medical and other schools in
Baltimore were merged with the old
IN. A. c." to form today's University of
Maryland. Since then the institution has
had phenomenal growth and has at
tanned national recognition. It's build
ings, halls, stadium and campus are
among the finest in this area Students,
alumni and citizens generally have a
right to be proud of the university and
its traditions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12

In these days OF great news
events, it was more than graf
flying to the many friends OF
Elsie Janis to see The Star
devote space to such a beau
tiful editorial to that wonder
full "Old Girl"
Elsie retained her wonder
full sense of humor until the
very last. In a note to me
shortly after Christmas she
wrote: I'm down now, but
I'll be up in the spring with
the rest of the onions. .
I'm changing my name from
Elsie to Elevator, I'm up and
down so much"
1t would be wonderful if
Elsie's remains could be in
tered in Arlington Cemetery.
for surely If there ever was a
veteran, she was one. Per-
haps a movement could be
started. The Sweetheart Of
the A.E.F." should be among
the ones she loved best, and
I do not doubt that money
could be raised among vet
Grams to place some proper
memorial for her in Arlington.
l am sure that Mary Pickford
would be glad to head such a
movement. I would be more
than glad to start it off and
help in every way.
Thomas Fulbright.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Unfinished Task

Virginia's General Assembly faced up
to realities when, in the closing hours
OF its 60-day session at Richmond, it
killed the Moore resolution to delay public
school segregation for another term. I'm
plicit in this action was the legislators
recognition of the unacceptable fact that
Virginia is under Supreme Court man.
date to proceed with Indignation of races
in the schools with "all deliberate speed"
The Moore resolution would have had
the appearance of a Stalling tactic that
could have had serious consequences for
school districts Immediately confronted
with direct court orders for compliance.
Prince Edward County, for example,
has looked to Richmond for guidance in
It's dilemma over how to reconcile its
opposition to indignation with Federal
court decree to proceed deliberately and
expeditiously to mix the races in its public
schools. The Legislature that has just
ended failed to give the county much
guidance. The mood of the majority of
the legislators was expressed in passage
of the interposition resolution and, as
the session drew to an end, of a reSolu-
I1oIl oppOSlllS llISIIdCldl dGIlIeClC COIlIcSIS
in the public schools.
The officials and people of Prince
Edward County have cause to be con-
cerned, too, over the seeming reluctance
of Governor Stanley to call promptly a
special session of the Assembly to enact
key points of the Gray plan. The voters
of the State, by two-to-one majority,
expressed their support of the Gray pro-
poSalS In so doing they accepted in good
faith the assertions of advocates of the
plan that speed in enactment of the pro-
gram was essential The Constitutional
Convention paved the way for tuition
grants to children wishing to avoid inte-
grafton by attending private schools. But
the Legislature must pass the necessary
legislation to make the plan effective.
Unless Governor Stanley moves promptly
to have the Assembly, in special session,
pass the tuition and also the pupil
assignment legislation, Prince Edward
County soon and other counties later on
are apt to find themselves in an unten-
able position before the courts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Condor and the Schools

General Lanes fortnight candor Is
more impressive than the probability of
applying his proposal that children who
do not make the grade in public schools
should be denoted.
The General is trying to swim up
stream, for the current is running the
other way. The theory now is that every
child has the right of exposure to at least
IL years of instruction in the public
schools. The child'S ability to progress
by normal achievement is more or less
beside the point. The child is pushed up
ward by the mere force of the numbers
of children coming along behind him.
To denote children or fail to advance
them, because of failure or inability to
meet achievement standards, would cause
log jams and other problems perhaps
more troublesome than those facing the
schools today.
The ultimate solution of Washing
tons very serious public school problem
may lie in workable compromise OF
some sort between General Lanes theory
and the prevailing theory of the childs
right to IL years in public school. It will
doubtless take form, during more years
of trial and error, in increasing emphasis
on special classes, segregated not by race,
but by ability of pupils to achieve re-
quired standards. That will require more
and more teachers and higher and higher
school budgets 1t should also require
recognition of the fact that the alterna-
tive is lowering of educational stand
ards throughout the system and ever in
creasing accent on a mediocrity already
too prominently characteristic of public
school education.
The schools should provide equality
of educational opportunity. There can be
no equality of achievement under such
opportunity, however, and that fact
should be accepted and applied in avoid
ing the danger of debasing standards by
a search for the lowest common denomi-
nator.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Prefers Monument As Is

While in Washington Feb
ruary %, I noticed your news
article about plans for i'm
provements around the Wash
ington Monument.
To me, as a frequent visitor,
the road approaching and
circling the base of the
Monument is a wonderful con-
venience which should not be
eliminated. To require people
to walk up the hill will knock
out any hopes for an elevator
trip to the top of the Monu-
ment by many people, such as
older folks and children ham
dicapped by some inflrmity.
The present arrangement
also makes it easy for visitors
during inclement weather.
Paul J. Cardinal.
Montclair, N. j.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-12
Replies to Critic

On February Is you pub
lished a letter from IN. E. M"
which implied that / conceded
that Negro children are I'M
able to attain educational levels
consistent with their ages I'M
less they are in classes in COM
petition with white children"
The quoted statement has no
basis whatever in fact.
For years, I have consistently
opposed racial segregation in
our public schools. In the first
place, the practice was always
founded upon the unwarranted
assumption that no Negro
child was fit to associate with
a white child in school. AS a
result, the Negro child was
branded for life as an inferior
person - an untouchable. In
the second place, all the talk
about separate but equal
school systems" was mere
window dressing. In the more
than three-quarters of CEN
fury during which segregated
public schools operated in the
District of Columbia, there was
never a day in which the two
separate systems were physi-
cally equal. In spite of consid-
cradle effort-always reluctant
Ito improve conditions in the
Negro divisions, particularly
between 1850 and 1854, there
were still substantial differ
ences between the facilities and
services available to white chill
dren and those afforded Negro
children on the day segrega-
ton ended. Without the Su-
preme Court order I doubt that
even physical equality between
the two divisions would have
been in sight at the present
time.
Under such circumstances it
is no surprise that Negro chill
dren fell behind white children
in learning achievement What
they needed, and what they
got under segregation, was in
struction under the same con-
ditions in the same facilities
and with the same services as
those for white children. The
complexion of the competitors
has nothing to do with the
case.
Margaret Just Butcher,
Member, D. c. Board of
Education.