davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
Church to Honor Woman
For 6O-Yeor Attendance

Sixty Of perfect Sunday School attendance will be
honored at the IL service in National Presbyterian
tomorrow.
Miss Ethel Wakefield viii receive her 60year- special
presentation during the regular service
native Of Washington Miss Wakefield first Sunday
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
Bourd yucuncy Filled

Ernest w. Greene. treasurer
and senior warden OF st. Mar
garet's Episcopal Church. has
been elected to the board of
directors of the Central Union
Mission. He was selected in q
special board election to fill a
vacancy left by the late Dudley
M. Carpenter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02

apartment at 1925 M street NV.
She has brother in Worcester,
Mass, and a nephew in Hart
ford, Conn.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02

ScnOOl az the IakOma Park (MQ.)
Presbyterian Church at the age
Of 4 and continued there for %
years. For the past 81 years she
has been a member of National
Presbyterian Church, where she
is now q deacon.
Seven years ago an operation
on her knee threatened to break
her attendance record. But her
record was preserved when Sun
day School classes were held in
her hospital room.
Chain Of Attendance Pins
When Miss Wakefield goes
away on vacation she always
brings back a record Of her Sum
day School attendance. At the
out-of-town Sunday Schools she
wears her chain Of attendance
pins.
People always notice it and 1
meet the incest people that way"
she says. ~
Formerly chairman of the hos
pitality committee in the Presby-
terrain Hospitality House for
servicemen, Miss Wakefield made
many friends.
IT got almost 800 cards last
Christmas from boys all over the
world" she said. During her flve
years with the committee she
registered about 5000 service
men. Often she wrote to the boys
parents and received grateful let
ters in return. She also gave
Bibles to the servicemen.
Demand for Bibles
II was surprised at how many
boys wanted them. We had trou-
Bile keeping them in supply"
Miss Wakefield said.
Miss Wakefield has been q
teacher, pianist. music director,
librarian and secretary for the
Sunday schools at National Pres
byterian Church.
For the past 38 years Miss
Wakefield has been with West
ern Union. She is now first PIX
operator at the main ONCE
switchboard.
Another long record she has is
IS years, residence in the same
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
LUTHERAN MISSOURI SYNOD
LUTHERAN SERVICES
Missouri synod
SUNDAY SCHOOL AND
BIBLE CLASSES, s.45 AM.

ST. PAUL'S Gals Church)
Lessburg PIKE and Idylwood Rd..
OUR SAVIOR (ArIington)
f EaSa. aRd Sac q T sSS |, a srn Paul
FRANCONIA (Virginia)
Franconia Elementary School.
service, IL ami Sunday School,
LUTHERAN CHAPEL
tOxON HILL, MD
673b Oxon Hill Rd Sc, o:4b
am: Sunday School, ii am
TRINITY (Mt. Rainier)
30th and Bunker Hill Rd.. 1890
am; Sunday School. 9:l5.
REDEEMER (HyattSville)
3Sth and Longfellow, Rev VIM. n
kohn. 1890 am; Sunday School.
GREENBELT t22 Ridge Rd.)
Rev Edward H. BirneA $50 and
ASCENSION (Landover HilIs)
1919 10th. Ave, Rev, Henry
schhrosdes: 8 and II am; Sunday
TRINITY (BOwie)
Bowie. Nd. Rev. Henry Schroeder.
$40 am; Sunday School. 1880.
Church of the Deaf I'd. C.)
At Christ. 510l 10th st. NV, Rev.
W A. Westerman Call ia 0-o552
for Time Of Service
1850 PM. WEAM. 1880
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
Lutheran Luncheon

Federal Trade Commissioner
Sigurd Anderson will speak at
the monthly luncheon of the
Lutheran Laymen's Fellowship
of Metropolitan Washington at
1915 pm. Thursday in the LII
ther Place Memorial Church,
Fourteenth street and Vermont
avenue NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
BETHLEHEM ID. C.)

BETHLEHEM Cd. CO.
10th and T sts, Sc, Rev. Herbert
IT Berthal, $3.50 and IL am.
CHRIST ID. CO.
18th and qallatin ets. NV. Rev.
FIRST TRINITY I'd. CO.
hft Osu :nd 80 s 81 N.Y.; Rev si H p
Broadcast Over station WooK
(AM) at l1:3O am and WAN
MOUNT OLIVET Cd. CO.
1903 Vermont Ave. NV. Rev.
VIM. achtebel. ii am.
PILGRIM I'd. CO.
$500 Mass Ave. NV, Rev. Emo
Lohrmann. Relocated. Services
across street, western Junior High.
During Building OF New Sanctuary
a. $50 and II am; Sunday
CALVARY (SiIver Spring.
g546 oeorgia Ave-. BIAS ana
ST. ANDREW (Glenmont)
l2247 Georgia Ave. Rev. Paul
EoelDer, $3.50 and II an
EMMANUEL (AIexandria)
1901 Russell Rd., Rev. wilmer
BETHANY (GrOvet0n, Val
Beacon Hill Rd. and Oak DR., Rev.
John Graudin. Sunday School,
s:lb am: Worship. 1920 am.
THE LUTHERAN HOUR" S
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02

points at the Versailles Confer
ence gave Poland national inde-
pendence after about $50 years
of subjugation.
The Rev. Senior Rene zawis-
towski, Of Baltimore. win cele-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
Redeemer Lutheran
To Install Pastor

The Rev. William H. Kohn will
be installed as pastor Of Re.
deemer Lutheran Church, 370s
Longfellow street in HyattSville
at 1880 am. tomorrow.
Mr.. Kohn has been pastor Of
the congregation recently divided
and formerly known as Trinity.
Mt. Rainier Hyattsville.
He now becomes officially pas
tor OF the Hyattsville congrega-
ton, which has taken the name
Redeemer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02
Poles viii Honor
Woodrow Wilson

The Polish National Catholic
Parish Of st. Francis in Wash
ington, with associated Polish
fraternal and cultural societies.
will hold a memorial service at
II am. tomorrow at the sepul-
cher Of President Woodrow VIII
son in the Bethlehem Chapel
of Washington Cathedral.
Poles honor the World War
President because one of his Il
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-02

brate solemn Mass following the
memorial service. This win be
followed by an anniversary din
ner marking the first anniver-
sary of the parish in Stansbury
Hall. $500 Georgia avenue NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
The Candid Answer

We do not think Secretary Dulles
should be badgered because he insists on
revising his press conference remarks be-
fore they are issued as an official tran
script. After all, he speaks as Secretary of
State, and careless comment, here or
there, can hurt this country in its rela-
lions abroad
The trouble with revised transcripts,
however, is that the original comment, as
rule, has gone around the world before
the revised version is released. In other
words, the damage has been done before
the candid, but unwise, answer to queS-
ton can be toned down.
The problem is difficult one Mr..
Dulles, in his press conferences has tried
to talk frankly to the reporters, and,
through them, to the American people.
In our judgment this is all to the good.
1t is practice to be encouraged, not dis
couraged. But it may result in an occa-
Sional slip, as happened last week in Mr..
Dulles comment on the colonial aspects
of our relationship with France and
Britain. What he said was true, but from
his viewpoint it would have been better
If he had not said it. So the best remedy,
perhaps, would be a little more caution
in answering delicate questions, and full
freedom for Mr.. Dulles to revise his an
swerS before the official transcript is
made public, if he thinks this will soften
the impact of an inaccurate or indiscreet
comment. If there is an element of face
saving, or second-guessing, in this APP
proach, it is better, we think, than saying
nothing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Political Confession

Senator Butler, Maryland Republican,
evidently has decided that confession
even if belated-is good for the political
soul. He has, in any case, confessed that
the faxed photograph of former Senator
Tydings and Communist Earl Browder
that was circulated in Butler campaign
literature in 1850 twas in bad taste and
mistake of judgment" He has also as
sumed full responsibility for what was
done on his behalf in that campaign, al
though insisting that neither he nor his
campaign headquarters had any part in
preparing the composite picture
For the record, the Senator's confess
sion and his acceptance of responsibility
are to be welcomed. And it may be true,
as Mr. Butler claims, that circulation of
this dishonest photograph did not con-
tribute in large measure to Senator Tyd-
ings' defeat. But it is unfortunate that
the Senator has waited six years to make
public acknowledgment that the whole
Shoddy business was not IAN example of
good campaign tactics" and that COM
poSite pictures "have no place in political
campaigns" If not stopped before publ
cation, it could at least have been repu-
dated promptly and before election day
in 1850.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Profile in Choqrin

Senator John Kennedy, the Demo-
cratic Party's most youthful ornament,
may well wake up on the morning Of No
vember convinced that he has been the
political campaigns fall guy.
The fall guy, without which no cast
Of characters would be complete, is fate's
major incidental victim in dramatic stu
atoms. The highlight Of the role as Sem
ator Kennedy is playing it, Of course, was
his l0th-inning loss Of the vice presiden-
tial nomination.
He took that turn Of the cards, or
votes, altogether in the manner Of man
who could write deservedly best seller
called "Proflles in Courage"
Now the low comedy aspects of the
character have appeared as the campaign
enters its groggy phase. These may prove
more exasperating test for the blithe
young Boston Irishman. The loss of a
dinner Jacket on the eve Of fancy dress
speech is bad enough but to be introduced
by such a normally smooth politico as
Pittsburgh's Mayor David Lawrence as
Senator Fitzgerald" Is worse.
A mans courage can be exposed to
one test too many.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
AH-Seu Rescue

The successful rescue of all persons
aboard stricken commercial airliner in
the mid-Pacif1c reflects great measure
of calmneSs and skill on the part of those
involved. For land planes flying the
oceans, emergency ditching procedures,
launching of life RATS and speedy aban-
donment of the aircraft are part of an
intricate operation that leaves little mar
gin for miscalculation or panic. In this
case the planes commander and his crew
obviously knew their job and did it we'll
1t was fortunate, of course, that the
planes disability was not sudden devel-
opment. There was time for distress
messages by radio, for waiting out the
remaining hours of darkness, for getting
into the vicinity of the rescue ship Pont-
chartrain and even for a couple of trial
approaches to the emergency landing. 1t
was equally fortunate, too, that the
weather was good and the sea relatively
calm. And finally, it is a tribute to the
Coast Guard and other services that
ships and planes close enough to partic-
ipate were quickly and effectively en-
gagged in the rescue mission. The job
merits well done" for all hands.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Floating Laboratory

Our country'S atoms-for- peace pro-
gram has now been given another push
forward. The push has come in the form
Of President EiSenhower'S directive calling
for the fastest possible construction of
a nuclear- powered merchant ship. Chief
responsibility for the project will rest
with the Atomic Energy Commission and
the Department of Commerce, and, If
everything works out as planned, the
veSsel-the first of its kind in the world
should be ready for its maiden voyage in
late 1859 or early 1850
This undertaking, which has full
congressional authorization, will cost the
taxpayers of the United States an esti-
mated $40 million. What they will get
for their money will be ship-about sos
feet long and rs feet wide-capable OF
carrying approximately 100 passengers
and 10000 lightweight tons of cargo. AS
currently envisioned, it will travel at a
speed of 81 knots, five or six faster than
the average for comparable vessels of the
conventional type. In addition, operat-
Ing on relatively very small amount of
nuclear fuel, its nonstop voyaging range
will be much greater than that of ordi-
nary merchantmen.
In terms Of dollars and cents, this
ship is not going TO be built in the ex-
pectation that it will in itself be profitable
or that its actual earnings will more than
make up for the investment of $40 million
in it. 1t is not meant TO be that kind
OF money-maker. Instead. as the Presi-
dent has said, it is to be a floating lab
oratory'-a great pioneering experiment
designed to pave the way for atomic
merchant and passenger fleets which one
day will unite the nations of the world in
peaceful trade" and travel. In that sense,
economically and otherwise, 1t promises
to promote revolutionary progress at sea
for the benefit Of all maritime powers.
AS demonstrated by the magical sub
marine Nautilus, there is no reason to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17

doubt the practically and profit-making
potentialities Of nuclear- powered COM
mercial ocean liners. In all probability,
such ships will become operable in large
numbers within the next 10, is or 20
years, by which time many of today,s con-
ventional types may be obsolescent or OBJ
Solete. The Presidents decision can
hardly fail to speed up the advent of this
prospective change In the nonmilitary
as well as the military field, the harnessed
atom thus continues to revolutionize our
world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Coast Cole

Out OF the south werewov
clouds blotC:
racing the iDind. they come.
See hon the picioHs undertoic
OF light, estraH0ed from sun,
reUolues suspended, pulls
betweeH
dark tDdtey and dark SKIP,
moving NTH an Hnedrthig
sheen
and howIinC CRY.
kothoyn WoIcott
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Compliant

Those Of us who feel the
same admiration for Adlai
Stevenson that The Star feels
for President Eisenhower do
not like to find the important
statement made by him, Oc-
tober 9. on medical care placed
on page CO of The Star. This
applies to the excellent picture
Of him on, the same page.
Also ! would like to call at
tention to the subtly belittling
Associated Press introduction
to this statement of Steven
sons: Following is the text
of what Adlai E. Stevenson.
Democratic nominee for Presi-
dent. calls his program for the
Nations health" Stevenson
doesn't just "eall" this his pro-
gram. It is his program.
If this had been candidate
Eisenhower's statement, say in
1852. it would probably have
appeared in The Star in ban
ner headlines on page Al, as
follows: Ike Announces Plans
for Nations Health"
Following is the text of
General Eisenhower's broad,
new program for the Nations
health -" Alice Lee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
Common Sense and Tito

President Eisenhower has acted on a
realistic, common SenSe basis In deciding
that American aid to Yugoslavia should
be continued-but with limitations under
which jet planes and other heavy mill
tary equipment will be withheld until
the situation can be more accurately
appraised"
Before 1t came to an end this year,
the 84th Congress, suspicious of Marshal
Tito's reconciliation" with the Kremlin,
enacted legislation calling for suspen-
sion of all such aid unless the President
ruled otherwise. The legislation also pro-
vided that his ruling would have to be
based on personal finding-to be re-
ported back to the Senate and House
that Yugoslavia remained independent OF
Moscow and that continuation of aid
would serve the security interests Of the
United States.
Mr.. Eisenhower has now so found and
so reported. He has told Congress, for one
thing, that the balance of available evil
dence leads me to find that YugoSlavia
remains independent of the Soviet Union
and desires to continue to be independ-
ent." He has affirmed, also, that in his
judgment the Tito government is not
engaged in any conspiracy for Communist
world conquest, but apparently adheres
Ito the concept that each nation should
determine for itself which kind of society
it wishes" And he has declared that
Americas best interests will be served by
further assistance to the YugoslavS be-
cause they might otherwise fall under the
Kremlin's domination.
So economic aid, together with ''only
small, routine and long-planned deliv-
cries" of military equipment, will con-
tinue to go forward to the people of Yugo-
slavia, with major emphasis on foodstuffs.
In the Presidents words, this is the
prudent and wise course for our country
to follow at this time, but it will be sub
ject to constant review" and possible
change.
Actually, despite its so-called recon-
Citation" with the Kremlin, there is as
yet no evidence that the Tito government
has any intention of surrendering the
independence it won when it defiantly
broke away from Stalins Russia in 1948.
On the contrary, there still is good reason
to believe that Titoism-the contagious
"hereSy" which insists that nation can
adopt communism and still refuse to ally
itself with Moscow or obey MoScowS
orders-is exercising a powerful influence
that tends to loosen the Soviet grip on
Poland, Hungary and the other satellites
in Eastern Europe
Everything considered, therefore, the
Presidents affirmative decision on aid to
YugoSlavia adds up to sensible states
manship. Some of Marshal Tito'S beha-
vior may be puzzling and irritating at
times, but it still seems to be keeping his
country free of Soviet domination That
is all to the good. And in due course,
assuming that the situation remains re-
assuring, Mr.. Eisenhower presumably will
rule in favor Of letting Belgrade have the
military shipments now being withheld.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Exploding Stors Common in Universe
By THOMAS r. HENRY

of Virgo. the Virgin, on the
celestial equator.
The great star systems tend
to cluster in families. The
Milky Way galaxy itself be-
longs TO such q cluster Of eight
or 10 within q million or so
light years of each other, very
close neighbors considering the
immensely Of space. In this
family there are several
dwarfs. best known being the
two clouds Of Magellan in the
southern skies which do not
belong to the Milky Way ag-
gregation.
But the dwarfs-perhapS
containing only a few million
stars each-seem to be con-
structed according to certain
common patterns, including
that Of q wound-up watch
spring. This is the pattern of
the Milky Way itself and Of
the great galaxy in the con-
stellation Of Andromeda. only
about two million light years
distant.
In the Virgo cluster, DR..
Reaves reports, were 48 dis
cernible objects which almost
unquestionably were dwarf
star aggregations but which
differed from all others known
in having no central nucleus,
no spiral structure, and almost
no concentration Of light
towards the centers. All were
Of low surface brightness.
They seemed to be almosf
orderless conglomerations vi
stars which perhaps have not
had time to form into a ira
ditional configuration.
4 4 y
There is evidence Of a thin
blue blanket Of gas on the
sunlit moon.
This is essentially an atmos-
phere on what always has been
considered an entirely airless
world.
Evidence of an evanescent
atmosphere of some sort has
just been presented to the
Royal Astronomical Society,
as reported in its journal, by
Dr.. v. A. Firsoff, one Of its
fellows. His conclusions are
based on studies of oeculta-
tions of the earth's satellite
by stars and apparent appear
ance of low blue clouds as the
sun rises.
DR.. Firsoff's theory is that
gases are bound up in the sur
face rocks of the moon which
are released when these ex-
pand when sunlight falls upon
them. This gas forms a thin
sheet held close to the surface
by the lunar gravity. During
the moons night. he believes,
this gas is reabsorbed by the
rocks, to be released again the
next day.
The gas, he speculates, prob
ably is argon, such as consti-
tutes a minute part Of the
earth's atmosphere. The air
would be somewhat bluer than
the earth's air. especially if
mixed with low-lying lunar
dust.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17

Novae, exploding stars which
suddenly flare to a hundred
or more times their normal
brightness and then fade to
their former obscurity in a
few days or weeks, apparently
are quite common in the uni
verse.
Thirty-flve of these mySteri-
GUS events were recorded in
1000 photographs of the
great Andromeda nebula, near
est neighbor in space of the
Milky Way galaxy of which
the solar system is q minute
part and which is believed to
be a quite similar aggregation
of about 100 billion stars,
over a period of two years,
reports DR.. H. c. Arp of Mount
Wilson Observatory.
Plates we're exposed for long
periods nightly from January,
1858 to January, 1855. A much
better idea Of what is happen
ing in a great star system can
be obtained If it can be OBJ
served from the outside and as
a whole. Studies Of the Milky
Way galaxy always are some
what misleading. because the
astronomer himself is part Of
what he tries to observe.
Thus there probably are as
many novae in this galaxy as
in Andromeda. DR.. Arp be-
lieveS.
The flares Of the fastest
Andromeda novae lasted five
days, those Of the slowest $50
days. The faster the nova, the
greater its magnitude as deter
mined by its light.
The total energy Of a star
explosion, DR.. Arp calculated,
was from billion trillion tril-
lion trillion ergs to a trillion
trillion trillion trillion ergs.
The erg is a common measure
of energy. About Is million
make a foot-pound.
The observations indicate,
DR.. Arp holds, that there is an
average Of about 26 novae per
year in a system comparable
in size to the Milky Way or
Andromeda galaxies.
REORGANIZATION of the dis
lance of the Andromeda ag-
gregation places it about 90
million light years from the
earth, or the distance covered
by light at a speed of about
10000 miles a second in that
time.
Thus the exploding stars
photographed by DR.. Arp blew
up more than 2 million years
ago.
i
Finding of a peculiar sort of
dwarf" universes in the depth
of space is reported by a
University of California as
tronomer.
This discovery, reported by
DR.. Gibson Reaves of the Lick
Observatory on the summit of
Mt. Hamilton, Calf, came
from a long observation of the
great cluster Of galaxieS, most
ly similar to the Milky Way
galaxy with its hundred billion
stars, seen in the constellation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-10-17

wings and antennae are made
will remain in perfect condi-
ton for a long time.
49,
Mrs. r. E. S. of Silver Spring
says she couldn't find anything
about black squirrels in the
encyclopedia she consulted.
In recent years, some ency-
clopedias seem to have put on
campaigns to ruin themselves,
I'VE were surprised" she
writes, ITO see a black squirrel
in our yard the other day. /
understand they are much
more common in the South
but quite unusual around here.
Perhaps the next time you
write about squirrels you would
tell us something about the
black ones.
MY husband says there are
black squirrels in one Of the
parks downtown.
Many thanks for writing
such an interesting diversified
column"
The black squirrel is the
melanistic form Of the gray.
There also is an albino
phase. and this one is really
rare, except in Illinois. where
there is one town, Olney. we
believe. which possesses hun
dreds of them.
There are probably several
hundred black squirrels in
Washington, with more in the
suburbs, so they are not too
rare.
The park referred to is at
18th and ! streets. where a
few black squirrels may be
seen any day. At one time there
was a pearl gray specimen.
quite odd.
Usually the melanistic squir-
rels are not liked by the regu-
lar grays, but manage TO get
along with them well enough
to get food.
The fur Of the melanistic or
black specimens is soft and
beautiful. and the animals
themselves exactly like the
grays. except they lead more
furtive lives.
In our own neighborhood,
we have had but one black
squirrel In our yard. and
he remained only three days,
finally being chased away by
the dozen grays eating at the
bird feeding station at that
time.
The black squirrel can mate
with the regular grays, and
may not have melanistic chill
dren.