davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Compensation Law

I would like to call your at
tention to an important and
newsworthy recent event which
was inaccurately reported by
your paper. Congress a few
days ago modified the levels
Of benefits under the District
Of Columbia workmen's COM
pensation law so that the
dollar value Of compensation
today could approach that of
l948. In brief, it redressed
the older levels to bring them
in line with current wages
and prices. Instead of re-
porting that fact, well ex-
planned in the congressional
committee report, with your
own fair comment on the scope
and effect Of the changes,
you chose instead to raise
doubts concerning the appro-
priateness Of the District work.
mems compensation law as a
law for this area, trying to
cause it to appear as some
thing alien to the District.
Worse than that, you imply
that District employers pre-
MUM rates for workmen's
compensation are rates devised
for longshoremen in areas out
side the District.
You should have told your
readers that the basic provi-
sions Of the District law were
adopted from the New York
workmen's compensation law
(the same basic provisions in
the Longshoremens Act and
in many State laws) after eight
years continuous study by Con-
gress prior to 1923: that pre-
MUM rates charged District
employers are derived from
District accident experience,
which is as local as the Poto-
mac River; that recent efforts
Of certain employer groups and
others to deprive the District
employees of this excellent law
were based upon a canard
which, if accepted, would have
deceived the public, causing it
to believe that the present Dis
trict law was inappropriate
for the District; that the SUBJ
stitute they proposed would
have done justice to George
"; that the employer groups
in their own self-interest
should have supported the bill
which Congress enacted. as
otherwise that groups action
would have triggered the
headaches caused by employee
demands for private supple
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Nonsense From Kansas

New Yorks Democratic Governor
Hartman is doing what comes naturally,
one SupposeS, in ,conjuring up depressing
visions of life in the United States under
Republican administration. But his
imagination is leading him pretty far
from any diScernible evidence when he
predicts, as he did in Kansas the other
day, that after another four years of an
Eisenhower administration 1--WE won't be
able to recognize the American free en-
terpriSe system as we have known it and
as we believe in it," At this point, of
course, the American free enterprise
system is rolling along at a record high
level of good health with plenty of signs
that administration policies of the past
three years have helped greatly in con-
tributing to this condition.
In foreseeing an economic blight"
Mr. Hartman blamed most of it on
Republican do-nothing policy toward the
farm depression. He did not mention,
however, that the farm depression had
started before the latest Democratic adj
ministration left office, that his own
party'S solution was return to the very
conditions responsible for the economic
ally depressing farm SURPRISES and that
current measures for aiding the agri-
cultural economy had been enacted be-
latedly because Of initial Democratic
resistance.
Still, it is quite likely that the farmers
themselves will not be wholly taken in by
"city slicker's" version of what has been
done to and for them, or what is going on
In the country.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Commends Congress

At no time since adoption
Of the Social Security Act have
covered-workers received such
good news regarding social
security benefits as that which
came out of Washington July
II when the Senate passed
the social security bill, after
restoring to it those amend
ments which provides for OASI
benefits for totally disabled
workers at so years and re-
duce the qualifying age Of
women from IS to 81 years.
In every poll taken by mem
bers of Congress regarding
these OASI benefits, they
showed the people overwhelm-
ingly in favor of them. The
84th Congress has now pro-
vided the workers with the
most important gains ever
made in the Social Security
Act. Time and experience will
prove these gains to be neces-
Sary, right and exceedingly
beneficial to our whole ma
tional economy.
The members of the 84th
Congress must be commended
for what they did to improve
our social security program.
Charles F. Martin,
MinneanoliS Mimi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES (. TRACEWELL

pie receiving annuity checks
and the like, the mailman is
more than ever a friend in
need.
All his energies should be
reserved for helping people.
His bag should not be loaded
down with advertisements of
stuff nobody wants.
1t must take at least so per
cent of his time and energy to
classify, handle and distribute
the millions of dodgers and
the like put upon him in an
average working day.
First-class mail, after all, is
his main delivery job.
x 4
Perhaps a way could be de-
vised to take the pouch of his
shoulder, but we imagine he
would feel rather lost without
it.
1t is. in a sense, his badge of
service.
Maybe something along the
lines of the cart could be
worked out, or some other sys-
tenn adopted, but it would have
to come. preferably. from the
ranks of the mailmen them
selves.
Those worthless know their
job. what it entails, how much
walking, and other expendi-
lures of energy. Most of them
are, as our correspondent says,
kind and obliging fellows, who
do a good job every day.
sometimes under trying con-
ditions.
Surely it is worthwhile for
people to think of ways to
help them. There is too little
thinking about the other fell
low today. unless he happens
to be 10000 miles off, and then
we hand him millions.
Our postmen are right at
our doors every day, and so at
times We tend to overlook
them. just as we do the garden
hose or rake.
They do splendid job. both
for us and the Nation.
We can all be proud Of Uncle
Sans mailmen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Jupiter is a titanic magnet

Jupiter is a titanic magnet.
Magnetic forces on the giant
of the solar system are ap-
proximately 5000 times those
on earth, radio astronomers
of the Carnegie Institution of
Washington deduce from
analysis Of the long-wave ennis
sions from the planets sur
face.
At the Carnegie obServa-
tory just outside Washington
these. emissions first were de-
tected about two years ago
and they have been studied
every day since when conditions
were favorable. There are
many blank" days when the
signals are unable to get
through the earth's ionosphere,
the electrified ceiling of the
atmosphere which reflects
radio waves originating on
earth and makes distance
communications possible. &
The enormous magnetic
forces can be deduced, it is ex-
planned, If certain assumptions
are made as to probable con-
ditions below the ionosphere of
Jupiter itself. A possible al
tentative deduction is that
there are localized magnetic
fields moving about in the
planets atmosphere which do
not apply to the celestial body
as a whole.
Atmosphere Very Thick
Jupiter is more than 800
times the size Of the earth and
presumably has an enormously
thick atmosphere, composed of
ammonia and the marsh gas
methane. Below this atmos-
phere, 1t is conjectured, there
is a very thick, permanent
shell Of ice-the planets tenn
perature is about minus 200
Fahrenheit-over the rock sur
face. The radio emissions
offer the only chance Of learn
ing anything about Jupiter's
actual surface or the depths
of its atmosphere.
The actual source of the
emissions remains a mystery,
the Carnegie radio astrono-
merS say. They come from a
broad north-south area in the
atmosphere. but whe t h e r
from north or south of the
planets equator is not known.
This belt contains the gigan-
tic, mysterious red spot"
more than 10000 miles in di-
ameter, but this spot itself is
not their source, the Carnegie
astronomers say. 1t has faint,
and quite different, radio ennis
sions Of its own which can be
distinguished und er certain
conditions. They also. it seems
probable, do not originate with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
BY THOMAS R. HENRY
Magnetic Jupiter Attracts Sovonts

the equally mysterious South
tropical disturbance" which
has just reappeared after an
absence of Is years. 1t first
was observed in 1901 and dis
appeared in 1910.
Jupiter, both above and be-
low its equator, is striped
white and black. The white
stripes are belts" the dark
ones zones" The so-called
south tropical disturbance"
is a black strip which appeared
in about the middle of one of
the belts below the equator.
There is some radio emission
associated with it, the Car
negie astronomers find. but it
need not be confused with the
major radio wave output of
the planet.
Jupiter is revolving on its
axis very rapidly. Its day is a
little over ten hours. compared
with the earth's "a hours.
Curiously, different parts Of
its atmosphere revolve at diff
ferent rates. The gases in the
equatorial region appear to
have a rotation rate of nine
hours, SIS minutes and Is Sec
onds. Those of some of the
zones and belts have a rate
of nine hours, so minutes and
80 seconds.
May be Lightning Flashes
The planets radio station
apparently is contained in the
second, as determined from its
daily recurrence. This is strong
evidence, the Carnegie astron-
omers say, that it is something
in the atmosphere, rather than
on the planets surface. It is
almost unimaginable that there
are two rates of rotation for
the solid surface.
Recent reports from radio
astronomers at Ohio State
University suggest that the
source might be lightning
flashes in some part of the
planets atmosphere. They are
quite similar to the output
from lightning flashes on earth.
Some are single pulses but
some occur in groups about a
half second apart and it is
conjectured that these may be
echoes. They sound like clicks
on a loudspeaker. Considering
the nous distances
traversed they must be very
powerful.
Whatever is responsible for
the voice of Jupiter" it is
pointed out by Drs. K. L.
Franklin and B. F. Burk of the
Carnegie observatory, is some
thing other than the inherent
heat of the planet. This is re-
sponsible for emissions recently
detected from the planet Venus
and the moon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Greatest Senators

I read that q special SEN
ate committee is attempting
to determine the five great
est" Senators of all time. I
suppose this actually means
that two Senators besides the
immortal triumvirate of Web
ster, Clay and Calhoun will
get chosen. If this special
Senate committee sticks to
this old and famous triumvi-
rate, then. as a Yankee, I de-
mand that Senator Charles
Sumner, Republican and later
Democrat of Massachusetts,,
the leader of the Radical Re-
publicans," be chosen. Both
Webster and Clay were con-
ciliatory on sectional matters,
but definitely Calhoun was
not, and hence Sumner must
be chosen because he offsets
CalnOun.
And now, who should be the
fifth greatest Senator? That
is where this special commit
tee will really have to show
consummate knowledge of it's
own great legislative institu-
ton. I would say that Ne
braska's Senator Norris, a Re-
publican, pioneered the way of
the modern Federal treatment
of the economy in this Nation.
Certainly this special commit
tee cannot turn its back on
Norris. 1t also would be hui
morous to honor a Republican
Senator as the founder of the
New Deal-Fair Deal-1ke Deal
approach! 80,
. Henry Stoner.
Avon Park. Fla. ~
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
'NeutroIist' Lecture

In the communique summing up the
substance of their talks at Brioni, Presi-
dent Tito of YugoSlavia, President NaSSer
of Egypt and Prime Minister Nehru of
India have offered great deal of advice
to the whole world on practically all
preSent-day problems. Some of this ad-
vice is as sound and interchangeable as
the proposition that goodness is better
than badness. But lot more of it is
either fuzzy, grossly oversimplified or
largely an echo of the Soviet propaganda
line.
Thus, as they have done before, the
three "neutralist" bigwigs have deplored
the existence of military blocs, but they
have not bothered to mention why the
free nations have found defensive alli-
ances essential to survival. Similarly,
while calling for disarmament and an end
forthwith to the testing of nuclear
weapons, they have remained silent on
the Kremlin's persistent refusal to join
in an effectively policed system of arms
control. And they have come out once
again for such things as Red China'S
admission into the United Nations and
for freeing Algeria from French colonial
domination" Yet they have had nothing
to say about Peiping'S failure to purge
itself of its criminal aggression in Korea,
nor have they referred at all to Soviet
"colonialism" or to the captive lands that
yearn to be liberated from it. AS for their
more sweeping congratulations, no one
will take issue, of course, with their
eSpousal of liberty good will, interna-
tional cooperation and happy, peaceful
world.
If the "neutralist' leaders wish to
lecture everybody on subjects of this sort,
that is their right and privilege The
West must be pardoned, however, If it
cautions them against striking a holier-
than-thou attitude or a pose suggesting
that tight-rope walkers are endowed with
some unique talent and wisdom for deal
ing with the complex and grave issues
now troubling mankind Beyond that, as
a final point, 1t does not seem amiss to
note that Egypt, Yugoslavia and India
are among the most problem-r ridden of
all nations. One must marvel in the
circumstances at how their governing
chieftainS, with so much to cope with and
worry about at home, can yet find the
time to offer counsel as freely and as
often as they do to the world at large.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
A Promise of Power

For approximately 10 years the ques-
ton of developing the hydroelectric power
potential of HellS Canyon on the Snake
River has been subject of political con-
troverSy. During that time, of course, the
power needs of the expanding economy
OF the Pacific Northwest have been denied
the substantial help that either public or
private development of what is generally
described as the finest remaining site in
the country might have brought AS of
now, at least, the issue has been resolved
by Senate rejection of bill authorizing
Federal construction of a S308-million
dam at the site. The action leaves clear
the way for the Idaho Power Company to
go ahead with project already approved
by the Federal Power CommiSSion-the
construction of series of three smaller
dams at total cost of SITS million.
Even this, of course, will not end the
political debate. Development by private
enterprise, with the costs not being levied
against the taxpayers as a whole, con-
forms to administration policy and the
Senates action amounts to a major ad-
ministration victory. The fact that eight
Democrats Joined the RepublicanS-only
two of whom crossed the party line-Still
left the vote primarily partisan one and
available as campaign issue. Actually,
there has been no convincing showing
that the only way to provide the most
power for the most purposes is by extend
ing the Federal Governments activities
in this field. Nor has it been proved that
private utilities, whose rates are regu-
lated by public bodies, can extract exor-
bitant profits from the consumers. The
Senate decision was sound one and it is
time to get on with the job.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Petals Will Open Wide

Long roiDS OF golden fowers
caught
The suns first ddrtino rays,
And zoe thought OF stars
ttDinklinq on
A frosty night. HoD cool
The garden iUdS at daiDn, hoiD
clear
The songs OF birdsl
And, then, at Twilight hour
We found some of the sun
drenched
FloiDers had folded their lovely
petals,
Just as a little child ipM close
It's eges irhen ready for its
sleep.
But we kneU that iDhen to-
morroU'S sun
Falls upon the fowers, petals
tDould open iDide again.
Mary H. Oliver
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
The Public Pays

According to your editorial
of July 10, 1.-THE Public Pays"
the proposed increase in postal
rates would save the Govern
ment from paying the present
annual deficit Of nearly half
a billion dollars. But it must
be admitted that the increase
would simply be a means for
the Government to collect an
other half a billion from the
citizens. Then instead of pay
ing a postal deficit, the Gov
eminent would spend that
amount for something else.
We could be sure that other
taxes would not be reduced
half a billion.
For what else would it be
spent? For another increase
in salaries of Congressman and
judges? To pour down the
rat hole Of foreign aid? To
squander on obsolete means of
killing imaginary enemies? To
buy more mountains of butter,
peanuts, eggs and wheat to
rot?
Advocates of an increase in
postal rates can't escape the
fact that the measure would
be another tax, a way of ex-
tracing another half a billion
from the pockets of the people.
That most of the increase
would be paid by publishers
and advertisers is no consola-
ton. because that extra ex-
pense would be passed on to
the consumers.
If there is to be any shifting
Of taxation and expenditures,
1t would be more sensible to
reduce national prodigality by
half a billion and use that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

and perhaps primarily for Moscow's at
tention, that Hungary would not be the
scene of riots similar to the recent Polish
uprising in Poznan.
There is nothing in all this, then, to
encourage any belief that the shift from
Rakosi to Geroe means any relaxation of
the Russian-controlled Communist rule
which has prevailed in Hungary since
1947
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

Now they tell us the Soviet
goal is to weaken America.
One is inclined to wonder
Just what labor unions are do
ing to strengthen the country.
Because of labor troubles the
circus is out of business; the
opera is out of business; the
steel companies are dormant;
and that affects all of us. Ask
the miners, the railroad men
and others who are on a forced
vacation.
What the Government will
lose in reduced income and
other taxes will certainly
weaken their business. Does
all this meet with Soviet
approval?
Simon Slade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

A neat aluminium cart for
our faithful mailmen is pro-
posed by Mrs. M. B. of Six
teenth street, who writes:
your recent fine appraisal
of the plight of our mail car
riers struck a note of sympathy
in my heart.
II am sure that there must
be many other people who are
concerned about the heavy
bags carried by these men.
Every now and then the
subject comes up but no one
does much about it, so far as l
know-not even as much as
about the weather!
1T is hard to understand
why in this day of modern i'm
provements of all kinds our
mail carriers can't have some
attention. All of them with
whom l have had any dealings
are so kind and obliging that
a little help on our part would
seem only a fair return.
4 4 4
Nov, if the Postmaster
General should ask me to de-
sign a more suitable vehicle
for delivery Of mail, I should
recommend something like
this:
"A very light weight metal
cart, something like the carts
ladies use for groceries ex-
cepting that the basket part
should be higher and contain
a removable basket that the
postman could easily lift out
when he needs to take mail
into a building where the cart
would be in the way.
ut would be perfectly safe
to leave the cart while he
carries the small basket with
the mail. The cart would be
in no more danger Of theft
than would our small mail
trucks.
II would recommend alum
mum because it is light. strong,
and does not rust. assure you
that have no benefit to be
gained by this suggestion.
The construction Of the
proposed carts would have to
be superior to that of the
flimSy grocery carts. A cover
for rainy days easily could be
devised.
This is what would like
to see done for the mail car
riers."
Postmen, themselves, would
have to be consulted first be-
fore any feasible way could
be devised to rid them Of the
pouches.
AS a matter Of fact, there is
nothing more typical Of the
mailman than his mail pouch
Of sturdy leather, despite the
fact that it inks the dogs on
his route.
The pouch comes down from
the British mail system, the
forerunner Of our own highly
efficient postal service.
We imagine that we would
scarcely recognize the postman
without his bag, as uncom-
Portable as it must be at times.
1t seems to be the one form
Of carrier that is both flexible
and tough, able to expand at
a moments notice, or contract,
as it were when the supply
runs low
Sometimes we forget that
all such matters have been
worked out over the years.
Our own personal belief is
that the mail pouch is not too
bad, despite the dogs.
What 1t should be reserved
for. we think, is for first class
mail.
Today, with millions Of peg
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23

mentary workmen's compensa-
ton benefits.
For your further informa-
ton, if Congress had intended
to bring maximum weekly
compensation rates to parity
with the relationship which
existed in New York in 1915,
they would have fixed the
maximum weekly rate at
$108.80, instead Of $54.
Ward E. BOOte.
Editors note: Mr.. Boote's
forceful expression of his own
opinion points to no inaccu-
racy in The Stars reporting,
nor does it change The Stars
opinion that a separate work.
mems compensation law for
the District of Columbia is
preferable to a national law"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-07-23
Rail VS.. Air
E. L. Shutz.

An item in The Star of July
18 headed National Airport
Reaping $312.50 an Hour for
u. S." fails to take into account
the essential elements of the
cost to the Government of OPP
Grating the airport and of in
terest on the millions of dollars
invested in the property.
The Governments invest
ment in the airport as Of June
80, 1856. was not $12 million,
as stated in the article, but
approximately 1924 million,
according to a report for the
Civil Aeronautics Administra-
ton. entitled washington
Supplementary Airport, the
Economic Feasibility of Reve-
nue. Financing" made by
James c. Buckley. At prevail
ing rates of interest on Gov
eminent debt, this represents a
cost to the Government of at
least 100000 per year in
interest alone. In addition,
operating and traffic control
costs for the year ended June
80, 1855, totaled $2,488,348,
according to the Civil Aero
nautics Administration. Thus,
without any allowance for
amortization of the Govern
ment's investment, or for taxes
which are not paid by the air.
port property, the cost of the
airport to the Government
amounts to more than So
100000 per year.
In the year ended June 80,
1855, the airport collected in
landing fees, ramp service
fees, and concessions a total
of $2,032, 965, according to the
same authority. Even adding
to this the amount resulting
from the recent renegotiation
of concession contracts,
amounting to $275,607 per
year, the airport still will fall
short Of meeting its costs by
more than a million dollars a
year. 1t draws money from
the Treasury rather than
"reaping" dollars for the
United States.
In contrast, the Government
really reaps dollars from the
Washington Union Station,
which cost the Government
nothing to build and costs the
Government nothing to main
tain and operate, but which
paid Federal and District
taxes in 1855 amounting to
$675.056, or approximately
$3.50 per day.
Robert s. Henry,
Vice President, Association
Of American Railroads.