davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19

trudged to subways and rode
home or to work.
The Pennsylvania Railroad
Cancelled its new Aerotrain rur
from New York to Pittsburgh to-
day because of a shortage oil
crewmen.
The Hudson and Manhattan
Railroad suspended service be.
tween Jersey City and Newark
N. j.
A foot of snow also fell ir
parts of New Jersey. Pennsyl-
vania reported up to 8 inches
Many schools were closed in
both States. In Philadelphia
and Camden. N. j., all schools
were ordered closed.
New York City schools re-
open, however. The New
York Stock Exchange also was
open as usual. The American
Exchange opened an hour late.
Racing Is Cancelled
In New England, the Lincoln
Downs Race Track at Lincoln
R. l., Cancelled horse racing until
Saturday.
And in Boston a fight between
Lightweights Tommy Tibbs OF
Boston and Denis (Pat) Brady
OF New York was called off.
The death toll in the two
storms included: New York %;
Massachusetts, Is: Ohio IL;
Rhode Island IL; Connecticut 8;
New Jersey 8; Maine S; Penn
sylvania S, Virginia 4; Mary
land l, and New Hampshire /,
Elsewhere in the country
light snowfalls were reported ir
the Upper Ohio Valley and there
have been scattered snow f1urries
over the Upper and Middle Mis-
SiSsippi Valley.
Fair Weather Elsewhere
In other areas, generally fail
weather prevailed. Temperatures
were higher over the South
Atlantic States. in most of the
Rocky Mountain Region and the
Western Plateau.
The greatest warming &C.
CURED in Northern Florida
were Cross City reported Gil
a 26-degree rise from yesterday
mornings temperature.
Cooler weather swept over the
southern plateau region north
westward into New England.
The greatest temperature drop
was reported in Northern Ar
kansas, where Walnut Ridge
had an early morning low of &c
compared with a go yesterday
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Reds Pay Half
|0n U. 5. Plane
BY the Associated Press

The United States disclosed
today that Russia has paic
I$724,947 as half the cost of q
Navy Neptune plane shot dowr
by Soviet fighters over the
Boring Sea last June.
Lincoln White, State Depart
ment press officer. said this
marks the first time Russia OF
any of its satellites ever has paid
! for planes knocked down in a
number of air incidents since
World War II.
MIR. White made public a note
delivered by the Russian En-
bassy in Washington to the State
Department last Saturday. The
Soviet note insisted the United
States plane violated Soviet
frontiers but that nevertheless
a check of $724,947 was inclosed'
The incident occurred while
Secretary of State Dulles and
Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov
were in San Francisco attending
the 10th anniversary conference
Iof the United Nations.
They conferred Immediately
on it, and Mr.. Dulles later sug-
gested that Russia pay at least
half.
Mr.. Molotov agreed, but last
January 6 the State Department
Iprodded Russia.
The department reminded the
Soviets they had never paid the
agreed sum and gave a break
down of costs for the plane and
injuries to the crew.
In agreeing to accept half OF
the total claimed damages, the
United States held to its conten-
ton that the Soviet attack was
"unprovoked" and took place
while the Neptune was flying in
international airSpace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Stain Pictures Taken Down
Judge Rejects Challenge
To Boycott Indictments

against bus segregation. He SAID
it was more than $4,000.
With Mr.. Diggs was his lega,
adviser, Basil w. Brown of De.
Itroit.
Ironically, the light-skinnee
MIR. Brown had to identify him
self as a Negro before Baliff AID
die Mosley would permit him II
sit next to his employer in thu
segregated courtroom.
Before the trials could pro
coed, Judge Carter had to rult
on a defense petition attacking
validity of the anti-boycottiR&
indictments returned by a CRANE
Jury February 81.
Negro attorneys filed pre-.
trial demurrers protesting thai
the prosecution under a seldom
used State law violates the de.
PENDANTS rights of free speech
freedom of worship and peaceful
assembly, and equal protection
under the law as guaranteed by
the Constitution.
Constitutional Question
A demurrer is a legal device
which argues simply that no un-
lawful offense has been COM
mitted.
BY raising the question of con-
stitutional rights. the defense
lawyers built the framework for
"a possible appeal to the United
States Supreme Court if the boy
cotting Negroes are convicted.
But they declined to comment
on their plans before the trials
opened.
The anti-boycotting law, en-
acted in 1921 as a weapon
against labor strife, prohibits
any conspiracy or agreement to
hinder the operation of a law
full business without just cause
or legal excuse" The grand jury
said the bus boycott is illegal.
Maximum penalty for violat-
ing the law is six months in Jail
and a $1,000 fine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
BULLETIN

MONTGOMERY, Ala. R.-
Circuit Judge Eugene Carter
threw out a defense petition
attacking validity of grand
jury indictments and ordered
80 Negroes brought to trial
today for the prolonged mass
boycott of segregated city
buses in Montgomery. A short
time before, the State had
asked for and was granted
dismissal of charges against
three of the original defend
ants. Defense attorneys for
mally asked for separate trials
for each of those indicted.
Judge Carter was required by
law to grant that request.
MONTGOMERY, Ala. Mar. l!
(P).-The start of Montgomery!
bus boycott trials was delayed
today by the absence of Circuit
Judge Eugene Carter, who wa:
attending a funeral.
Twenty-Five Negro ministers
and 68 other members of theil
race faced trial for the prolonged
mass Negro boycott of Montgom-
cry City Lines buses.
Long before the court was
called to order, Negroes damned
the corridor and stairs leading
to the second-fioor courtroom.
The defendants had eight
Negro attorneys, including Rob-
ert Carter of New York, men,
Der of the legal staff of the Ma
tional Association for the Ad-
vancement of Colored People.
Diggs a Spectator
Also present as an interested
spectator" was Negro Represent
alive Charles c. Diggs, jr., Dem
ocrat of Michigan. Mr.. Diggs
said he came here to watch the
proceedings and also to bring
a Substantial sum of money"
contributed by residents of De-
troit to support the protest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Population on Feb. I
Put at 1869 Million
By the Associated Press

The Census Bureau said today
that the Nations population, in,
Guiding armed forces overseas,
Appropriated 166,966,O00 on
February /.
That was an increase of
100000 or IL per cent, over
estimated population a year
earlier. It was 15,834,0 900, or
los per cent higher than on
April l, 1850 when the last
census was taken.
Since February /, according
to a rough estimate kept daily
by the Census Bureau, popula-
ton has risen past the 167 mil
lion mark.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19

drugs chlorpromazine and reser-
pine were changing the entire
picture of mental illness.
"A new frontier of treatments
away from the mental hospital
is here" he told the Scientific
Assembly of the American Acad-
envy of General Practice, meeting
at the National Guard Armory.
He pointed out that many
acutely psychotic patients may
be treated by family doctors ano
Gained with the drugs so that
they may be sent to general hos
pitfalls rather than to mental in.
lstitutions for relatively short pc.
RODS of psychotherapy. He addec
that in many instances the men.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
BULLE TIN
,S77o Million D. C., bill
Passes House Quickly

The Districts S179.7 million
appropriation bill for the year
beginning July was swept to
passage in the House today
in jig time without any adverse
debate although it provides
for Federal payment of $40
million, the full amount au-
thorized under present law. 1t
now goes to the Senate for
hearings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
TO WEAR
AT EASTER?

EXPERTS REPORT - EIeni, stor
fashion editor, reports on whot the
city's top fashion authorities ore
planning for Eoster See Pose B-4.
WRONG VERDlcT-BIood tests
for syphilis sometimes give false
picture. Dr.. Peter A. Steincrohn
discusses the possibility in his regular
column on The Stor's Feature Poee,
B-lo.
MERIT PRoMoTIoNs-The Civil
Service Commission is studying lesis-
lotion to create merit promotion
system in Government. The plan is
examined on Poee AZ in the Federal
SPOTLIGHT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19

paign February "a at the Con-
gresS. Reports said he accused
Stain of numbering thousands
of his party associates and the
flower of the Red Army officer
corps in the great purges of the
193Os and then committing in
credible plumbers in the wal
against Hitler. Mr.. Khrushchey
said further that Stain lived in
constant fear of plots and re-
acted by terrorizing his associ-
ateS.
The Soviet party's new Gen.
trail Committee put out a letter
embodying the secret Khrushchey
speech so the party faithful
could spread the anti-Stalin line
at meetings throughout the ma
ton.
Stain Pictures Taken Down
In Moscow, Stain pictures ano
statues were disappearing from
such public places as the Tschai-
kowsky Concert Hall, the Tret-
yakoff Gallery and the REQ
Continued on Page Alb, Col. ;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19

part OF the Guys working pop
ulation, trains stalled entirely or
ran late and some businesses
and schools didn't even open
after the week end.
| La Guardia Airport was shut
down. Even the usually reliable
New York subways were halted
in spots.
Wind whipped drifts gripped
autos on countless streets and
highways.
Motorists Leave Cars
A monumental tieup choked
the parkways that lace through
Queens. During the night an es-
timated 5000 motorists aban-
doned their snowbound cars on
these roads and were given
emergency shelter in hospitals,
police stations and an armory.
The second storm struck West
Virginia yesterday and swirled
up the Middle Atlantic Coast
during the night. Later heavy
snow bore down on New Eng
land.
/ The storm followed hard on
the heels of the blizzard that
raked the Northeast last Friday
and dumped up to 10 inches of
snow in New England.
| Spring, due at 1921 am. to-
morrow, faced chilly greeting
from the die-hard winter.
| Tapering Off Predicted
| In New York the all-night
snowfall had piled up liz inches
deep by daybreak. Freak thunder
rumbled as the snow fell.
The Weather Bureau spoke OF
a "tapering off," after another
1 or 2 inches of snow fell, by
this afternoon.
The new snow, drifting
feet in spots. came on top of Az
inches that hit Manhattan Fri
day. 1t was the heaviest fall in
the city since a 16.6-inch &C
emulation December 10, 1948.
/ In Queens about 1000 cars
were stalled on the Cross Island
parkway for 7 miles. Army troops
and police teamed to help the
motorists to shelter.
| Many of the motorists re-
manned in their cars until they
ran out of gas and batteries went
dead.
Emergency Center Set Up
! An emergency evacuation CEN
ter was set up at the Queens
Borough Hall. About $50 persons
bedded down in courtrooms and
other parts of the building.
/ The Army loaded many mo-
florists into jeeps and trucks and
carried them to Fort Totten in
Queens.
Later MANY of the motorists
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19


line, first in meetings of the
party's local leadership and Their
by word of mouth to an ever
widening audience.
Outside the Iron Curtain
Communist leaders were climb
ing aboard the new Red band
wagon with strong denuncia-
tons or mild rebukes OF the
dead leader they had publicly
venerated. But an undertone
of confusion prevailed.
Full Account Censored
The Russian censorship die
not permit correspondents to re.
port a full account of the anti
Stain campaign and reactions
inside the Soviet Union. But
their dispatches told a surpris-
ing amount. Reports of Western
diplomats and travelers-partic-
ularly foreign Communist lead.
Iers returning to their homelands
from the Soviet Party's goth
Congress in Moscow-filled ir
other details.
Communist Party Boss Nikita
Khrushchev kicked off the cam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Interested Visitor

GREENSBORO, N. c., Mar. 10
| (P.-The Rev. William Currie
went on with his sermon on the
text open the Window to the
East" as a pigeon flew into the
First Presbyterian Church yes
terday through an open window
on the east side.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
|KefauverS Sees
Victory Ahead
In Minnesota
Freeman Lowers
Forecast of Margin
For Stevenson
BY DOUGLAS b. CORNELL
Associated Press staff Writer

MINNEAPOLIS. Mar. 10. -
Minnesota reached the eve OF
tits crucial presidential primary
today with Senator Kefauver
scenting and hoping for a come
|from-behind victory over Adlai
e. Stevenson.
The White House ambitions of
one Democrat or the other will
soar or sink with the outcome OF
tomorrow's balloting.
AS Senator Kefauver calls it,
80 per cent of the votes will
represent a victory for him. He
told a news conference last night
that "of course, I am going to
do much better than that"
He said. too. he expects to top
Mr.. Stevenson in four or five OF
the States nine congressional
National Convention in August
Iclinch at least or 10 of Mime
tsota's' 80 votes at the Democratic
national convention in August.
Freeman Lowers Forecast
In the Stevenson camp, signs
Iof concern and hedging have ap-
peared.
Gov. Orville Freeman lowered
his forecast of a 81 margin for
Mr.. Stevenson to somewhere be-
tween 2 and 3 to l." although he
held to his prediction that Sen
|ator Kefauver. won't get a single
convention delegate.
The Governor spoke from New
York on MICS Meet the Press
television program.
The loss of any delegates would
be a setback for Mr.. Stevenson
he said. but:
Whether it would be a serious
one is problematical think
Gov. Stevenson is going to be the
nominee regardless of what hap
pens in Minnesota"
Mr.. Stevenson is in the para
doxical position of being able tc
win on the basis of ballot figures
alone and still turn up as some
thing of loser. For this is one
he ought to win impressively if
he hopes to use a Minnesota
showing to enhance his political
fortunes.
Backed by State Party
Behind him is the States
Democratic organization and
high command, Gov. Freeman
and Senator Hubert Humphrey
included. And in this second
primary of 1856 the former Illi-
nois Governor and the Tennes-
see Senator are formal, official
competitors for the first time
on the ballot as well as in the
prediction campaigning.
When Senator Kefauver raked
in all eight convention votes in
the New Hampshire primary last
week, Mr.. Stevenson wasn't on
the ballot. Nor did he campaign
in the State. A slate of delegates
favorable" to him was entered
without his formal assent or ac-
tive support.
This time there will be a more
clearly defined showdown.
President Eisenhower has it all
his own way in the Republican
primary. Senator William F.
Knowland was entered before Mr..
Eisenhower announced for Sec
ond term. The Californian prob
ably will get a smattering of
votes, although he isn't working
for them and is backing the
President.
Republican strategists are con-
centrating on Cd a hefty vote
to prove that plenty of Min
nesotans still like Ike" and t2)
keeping the party faithful from
crossing over into the Democratic
primary to try to undercut Mr..
Stevenson and the Democratic
State organization,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19


tense support activities and the
balance of the appropriations
Iaggregating nearly twice the
Iamounts appropriated in the last
two fiscal years-for various
forms of economic assistance.
Mr.. Eisenhower also urged that
Congress grant him authority to
commit up to 500 million a
year for up to 10 years to assist
long term development projects
in less developed countries.
The funds asked for economic
aid included a special 500 mil
lion fund to be used anywhere
in the Middle East or Africa,
plus another 500 million special
presidential fund for flexible use
anywhere in the world and an
additional 500 million special
fund for Asian economic devel-
Iopment.
SClu battle Ahead
The request for vastly higher
appropriations and the contro-
Iversial program for long-term
commitments face a stiff fight
in Congress.
Declaring that I'VE cannot now
Ifalter in our quest for peace" the
President said in a special mes
sage to Congress that the cost
of the program "is a low price
to pay for the security and vastly
greater chances for world peace"
! it provides.
He asserted that sinister OBJ
Ijectives" to disrupt and finally
dominate the free nations still
lie behind Soviet policy despite
its new turns" which appear to
have put aside at least tempo
rarily aggression through force.
Noting that the Soviet man
ieuver includes offers of military
and technical assistance to some
nations still in the free world,
Mr.. Eisenhower said the danger
Lies in the traditional Soviet
detectives and in the entangle-
ments to which acceptance of
their offers may lead"
Sees Threat in Buildup
| He noted the threat implicit
in continued buildup of Com
muniSt military power and said
NEW turns in Soviet foreign
policy amount to "ceaseless prob
ling for opportunities to exploit
political and economic weak
Inesses" in the free world.
ut would be folly" the Presi-
dent declared. "for us and our
friends to relax our collective eff
forts toward stability and Sc
curity."
He insisted that the mutual
security program over the last
several years has helped build up
free world defense forces far
greater than the United States
could have raised and main
tanned alone without a crushing
burden of taxation. And the
economic aid program, he said,
has kept nations free which
without such aid would be exist
ing today only in the grip of
chaos if existing at all.
Describing the aid program as
"a demand of the highest pri-
GRITTY upon our resources" Mr..
Eisenhower said it might mean
postponement of desirable do
nestle projects but that such
sacrifices lin the interests of
peace are well worth the price"
The President explained that
he was asking for greatly in
creased appropriations for for
eign aid for the fiscal year start
ing July because the low level
of appropriations during the last
See FOREIGN AID, Page Az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
BY CHARLES G. BROOKS

New tranquilizing drugs make
it possible for the family doctor
to treat many mental patients
a meeting of general practition-
ers was told here today.
DR.. Frank j. Ayd.. jr. Balti-
more psychiatrist, said the new
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Winter filings
Late Storm at
District Area
Snow, Cold Close
Maryland Schools;
Bowie Races OFF

A four-inch snowfall followed
by sub-freezing temperatures
closed nearby Maryland schools
today and left a cloak of ice on
the areas budding spring finery.
District and nearby Virginia
schools remained open though
snow, fell again early this
morning and near-freezing tenn
peratures were to continue today
and tonight.
Racing at Bowie, Md, was
called off with a promise that
today's program will be run to-
morrow if weather permits.
Although the Districts emer-
gency snow plan was not in
voked, motorists were warned
that it may be brought into play.
The plan would require the use
of snow tires or chains with
motorists under penalty of ar
rest if they stall in downtown
traffic and are not so equipped.
Plan 3, which merely warns
against unnecessary driving, was
invoked shortly before $50 am.
Spring Nearly Here
A slight warm up was in sight
for tomorrow, the first day of
spring, but temperatures are due
to fall tonight to "a in the city
and 10 in the suburbs. Under
sunny skies, tomorrow's peak
should be about 40 degrees.
The Tidal Basin Japanese
cherry trees were reported not
damaged because the buds are
not open. But it was feared the
cold snap all but wiped out the
early magnolias, one of the show
flowers of the city. This would
apply to Rawlins Park, Eigh-
teenth street and New York
avenue NV, perhaps the gaudi-
est of the magnolia displays.
However, it was pointed out by
National Capital Parks experts
that only the early, or soulange-
ana magnolias were affected.
The later blooming variety, of
which there is an abundance in
downtown areas, was not
harmed.
Also nipped was arly-bloom-
ing forsythla. But most flower
ing plants were not far enough
advanced to be damaged. Wild
life and birds also escaped real
hardship, although bird feeding
certainly would be welcomed by
the feathered friends.
Motorists Have Trouble
The American Automobile As
ISOLATION spent a couple of busy
days. Yesterday $50 calls were
received from motorists in dis
tress, 8 per cent of them from
minor accidents. Today the
service answered so or 80 calls
an hour, mostly from won't
starts" caused by frozen igni-
tions, door locks, hand brakes
and weak batteries.
The slick coating on area
streets contributed to numerous
minor accidents but no serious
injuries were reported.
Weather Bureau officials said
the temperature has lowered at
is degrees below normal for this
time of year for the last several
days. Normally the area would
be experiencing lower or mid
so readings during the day and
upper 80 degree readings at
night.
Many of the Districts mid
night to 8 am. policemen had
overtime duty this morning to
help keep rush hour traffic NOV
ing.
Traffic Director George Ke-
neipp said sanding and sailing of
streets during the night by the
Highway Department resulted
in District streets being in every
good condition" this morning.
Rush hour traffic, he said, ap-
peared to be moving at a near
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Picture on Paqe A-3

Picture on rage As
you can see nothing else" a
British official told newsmen al
the Harwell plant. 1--WE are
sorry, but security rules are Sc
curity rules" -
Kim Beliaev, correspondent
for the Soviet news agency Tass
laughed in the officials face.
You amaze me-" he said
You let all these Russian scien-
lists in. Do you think they un-
derstand less about atomic
secrets than American CORE
spondents?"
Later Mr.. Malenkov called on
Prime Minister Eden. A group OF
about $50 persons watched 81
lently as he posed for photo
graphs on the steps Of No. 10
Downing street.
Mr.. Malenkov, now Soviet min
lister for power stations, got up
early to make the 80-mile ride
from London to Harwel.
He was joined here by other
members of the visiting Soviet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Subsidies

I STROMBOLI, Italy, Mar. Is
i(P.-Stromboli volcano subsidized
to uneasy quiet yesterday after
pouring lava into the Mediter-
ranean in rs days of nearly con-
tinuous eruption.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
S4.8 Billion Is Souqht
For 81 Foreign Aid
Eisenhower
Asks Boost
OfConqress
BY GARRETT d. HORNER

President Eisenhower. warning
that the Soviet threat still casts
an ominous shadow over the
world" today asked Congress to
appropriate $4.859,975,00 in
military and economic foreign
aid funds for the 1857 fiscal year
to strengthen the common de-
Tense of free nations.
He asked SO billion for direct
military aid, Sill billion for de-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Worst Snow in 7 Years
CrippIes New York Area
Cars Are Abandoned by 5000 Motorists;
Death Toll Rises to IS in II States
Rx the Associated Press

The worst snowstorm in years crippled the New
York metropolitan area today.
At persons II States have died result of the
new storm and the storm of last Friday.
The snowfall in New York measured foot-and New
England faced a similar prospect
In New York and the wide which supplies large
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-03-19
Defeating Of StoIin Myth
Picks Up Momentum
Moscow Calm, but Disturbances Are
Reported in Dead Dictutor's Home Stute
BY the Associated Press

The Kremin campaign to debate the myth of Stain
demgod gather momentum today both sides of the Iron
Curtain.
Moscow itself ca but through the veil of censorship
reports of disturbances in the Georgian birthplace
the dead Soviet dictator
Throughout the stretches of the Soviet Union Com