davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Stevenson and Kefauver opened their campaign by
ing that both were gentlemen of partand finished by
mantling the parts.
RuSSias Khrushchev the Joe Stain of torture
terror and murder In fact that back on it. Mr.
thinks that some Of 1t may have been uncaled for
Ike dedicates the AFL-CIo headquarters Ike can't
understand these labor leaders They
live like Republicans.
Senator Wiley attacks his fellow Wisconsin Republican
Senator Joe Mccarthy How the mighty fallen In his
heyday Mccarthy attacked by kings presidents and
Democrats.
Democratic Chairman Butler both presidential cam
ddates examined by the doctors Butler by
election day. the Democratic candidate will be able to
at least with of ulcers
Adai Stevenson is regarded tripe-threa candidate
The opposition knows what issue he'll bring upor which
side he'll take.
Ike observed the 10th anniversary of the national school,
lunch program After lengthy research Republicans
cided the chief thing they dislike about the New Deal is that
they didn't invent it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05

and to the famous White
House stag dinners Of the past
three years labor has sent
about ten guests as compared
to 500 from business.
The effect in Congress has
been stalemate. Lacking presi-
Dental pressure, the conserv-
alive coalition of Midwest
Republicans and Southern
Democrats has held the line
without letup or hindrance.
BY agreement with labor,
liberal Democrats and Republi-
cans have rarely stirred up the
animals. Labor knows it could
not win a real test now and
prefers to avoid the chance of
defeat and a possible worsen-
ing Of its position relative to
the Taft-Hartley Act.
The only outstanding labor
leader who has made any real
overtures to the White House
is Dave Beck. president of the
Transfers. Both he and his
union are controversial, and
the White House has failed
to catch the name. 1t is prob
ably a wise decision.
Republicans are confident
that they won't suffer politi-
cally from their arm's-length
policy toward labor. With
peace and prosperity they
figure on getting a large share
Of labor's vote.
That confidence can be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
Stains Main Error: Bad Timinq

But after 10000 words Of
denunciation. almost at the
end Of the speech, some kind
words for Stain appear.
Khrushchev says in his con-
clusion:
Comrades! In order not to
repeat errors Of the past, the
central committee has de-
clared itself resolutely against
the cult of the individual. We
consider that Stain was ex-
cessively extolled. However, in
the past Stain doubtlessly per-
formed great services to the
party. to the working class,
and to the International work.
ers' movement.
This question is compli-
Gated by the fact that all this
which we have just discussed
was done during Stains life
under his leadership and with
his concurrence. Here Stain
was convinced that this was
necessary for the defense of
the interests of the working
classes against the plotting Of
the enemies and against the
attack Of the imperialist
camp.
I'VE cannot say that these
were the deeds Of a giddy des-
pot. He considered that this
should be done in the interest
OF the party. of the working
masses. in the name Of the
defense of the revolutions
gains. In this lies the whole
tragedy
The outside world will have
a variety of opinions as to
what is the meaning Of all
this. But the people Of Soviet
Russia know that an effort Is
being made to find a scape-
goat--Someone to blame for
their trials and tribulations.
There are still millions in pris-
on and labor camps, and the
discipline is still that of a die
tatorship.
The Soviet peoples have evil
IDENTIFY been exerting a pressure
that the men in the Kremlin
have not been able to with
stand, The cycle Of revolution
has started and, though it may
take years to complete, the
unrest inside Soviet Russia is
bound to affect the external
policies Of the Kremlin. It is
always a period of great danger
for the whole world when die.
tators try to consolidate q rest
less internal situation.
Reproduction Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
BROWN
Reds Criticize Dead Dictotor's Crimes
But Aren't Freeing Slave Motions

We have now entered the
second phase Of our relation
ship with the USSR.. The cool
war is replacing the cold war.
The difference for the time
being is that smiles and reas-
surfing words are taking the
place of threats and saber
ratings.
The factNis that none of our
policy makers. despite their
willingness to resume n'cul-
tural" relations with the
USSR, can point to a single
change in Moscow's funda-
mental objectives. American
politicians who pretend to de-
tect a change Of heart in
the Kremlin are practicing
Coueism. So did the late
British Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlain and his cabinet
associates in their dealings
with Hitler and Mussolini.
How sincere are Messrs.
Bulganin and Khrushchev in
their anger toward Stain? It
is noteworthy that violent por-
tions Of the denunciations Of
Stain by his once faithful sub
ordinates at the goth Com
munist Party Congress re-
leased Monday by the State
Department were intended
more for international than
national consumption. The
label Of murderer and tor
turer" affixed on the late die
tator have not been widely
published in the USSR and its
satellites. The leaks" first
to the foreign press in Moscow
and now through foreign dip
lomatic channels indicate some
deliberate planting"
If Bulganin and Khrush-
chev were honest in their re-
vulsion toward the criminal"
Stain, they surely would have
followed the standard pattern
still in effect in the Soviet
Union and made their state
ments in Pravda and not be-
hind locked party doors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
DORIS FLEEsON
AFL-CIO Dedicate New Home

measured by the complete abb
sence Of content In the Presi.
dents newest AFL-CIO speech.
He literally said a few kind
platitudes.
Union leaders aren't sure he
won't get away with it. Their
wives, they say, remember he
stopped the Korean war. Most
important, by and large labor
is working for good pay and
has only begun to hurt in the
current downturn.
That downturn. If it acceler-
ates. could change the picture.
Even so, the Democrats would
be in trouble by reason Of their
internal struggle over civil
rights.
So labor quietly takes what
small favors it gets through the
good Offices Of the attractive
Secretary Of Labor, James Nit
chell. Mitchell fights hard
within the administration
against what labor hates,
though he has not been able
to accomplish much affirma-
lively along lines the unions
prefer.
The leaders grumble that the
President promised to back
amendment of the Taft-Hart-
ley Act and hasn't, has packed
the National Labor Relations
Board with hostile members
and has broken his promise to
improve minimum wages. But
they aren't getting far and
they know it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
THOMAS L. STOKES
Wiley Fights for Place in Senate

and unfounded" remarks
against Representative Davis
by asserting that $50, 900 had
been pledged by three or four
individuals to Mr.. Davis If he
would re-enter the race for the
Republican senatorial nomi-
nation. As his authority, Sem
ator Wiley cited an interview
with Representative Davis
campaign manager in the Mil
waukee Journal.
Casually, and with a touch
of disdain, did Senator Wiley
handle the once-feared Joe
Mccarthy. Ironically he ex-
pressed gratitude that his COL
league had exposed" the part
he had played in the Dump
Wiley movement. He reminded
the once indefatigable investi-
gator that he was not now
conducting an investigation.
The older man scored in the
exchange.
The spat between the two
served to show where Senator
Mccarthy stands on Senator
Wiley and administration for
eign policy. Though he said
he planned to take no part in
the primary campaign. the cpl
sode raised again the question
as to whether President Eisen-
hover, now that the line has
been drawn. will 60 to the aid
Of his beleagured foreign policy
CHAMPION in the Senate.
Democrats watched the
Wiley-McCa set-to with
keen interest. They wonder
whether the President will in
whether the President will
intervene on Senator Wiley's
behalf. Likewise, they are
watching to see whether the
President will intervene ac-
lively on behalf Of the foreign
military and economic aid
bill, which Senator Wiley, in
his speech, included among
the issues which were respon-
sible for the fight on him by
party leaders in Wisconsin.
This and the Wiley issue
offer tests Of his leadership In
thiS election year.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05

KrenIin Holds Onto Stains Loot

and the lesser members Of
that coalition have told us that
they want the military sign
post" removed from that all
lance.
Actually. the Soviet general
staff has not been particularly
worried about the military po-
tential of the two main Ameri-
can allies because of the neu-
tralist winds in both countries.
But they are worried about
Germany. even partially re-
armed. Stain. before his death,
offered the moon and stars
to the Bonn government on
condition that it would not
reorganize militarily as a mem
Der Of the NATO. The German
government and German peo-
pie had, however. at that time
full confidence in Americas de-
termination to have a peace
with honor and justice" in
Europe and in Asia.
The Bonn government. con-
fident that we would not rest
until Germany was unified, de.
cided to join America rather
than Western Europe in the
struggle for preservation of
Western civilization. That was
the time when we refused to be
deceived by any of the Soviet
gestures and insisted officially
on deeds not words"
The recent visits of Ameri-
can legislators. churchmen,
artists and farmers with some
Soviet men returning them
promptly have depressed the
German spirit. The recent an
nouncement that the Air Chief
of Staff, Gen. Nathan Twining,
was going to Moscow-the first
high ranking American mill
tary man since Gen. Eisen-
hover visited that city in 1945
caused more than alarm in
Bonn.
From the technical view
point. it is immaterial whether
American and Soviet generals
and admirals visit each other.
From the point of view of the
effect in Europe we have every
thing to lose and not a scrap
to gain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05

Hence the belief that the Bit
terness toward the dead die
tator was more for the foreign
than domestic market.
The same thing can be said
about the recent Spectacular"
change in the Moscow Foreign
Office. The old Bolshevik,
Vyacheslav Molotov, who
served Stain as faithfully as
he has served the present
rulers, was replaced by Dmitri
Shepilov. The former editor
Of Pravda is expected to be
even tougher than his frozen
face" predecessor. They are
both past masters of intrigue
and doubletalk, with the pos
sible difference that Shepilov
is more so.
People who do not want to
be fooled by the make believe
attitude, such as Senators
William Knowland and Styles
Bridges and many others in
both houses of Congress, still
insist that before embarking
on extensive bouquet tossing
with the Soviets we must have
some deeds to prove their fine
words are not all lies. They
point out that SO far the USSR
has shown no tendency what
soever to relinquish any of
Stains loot.
Free elections in Poland,
Czechoslovakia and other sat
elites have never been men,
toned. The tortured Baltic
states (which, incidentally, we
still recognize as independent
republics and which have a full
diplomatic representation in
Washington still are held in
communicate.
What the Blk team is now
doing is to follow the pattern
set by their criminal" prede-
cessor, but through other
means than saber rafting.
The NATO. shaky as it was
from its inception, did prove
a thorn in the side of the
USSR. Now France, Britain
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
Clash With Mccarthy Adds Drama
And Points Up q GO. p. Problem

account of support of them
and his opposition to the
Bricker amendment, which
the four other Republican
candidates for the nomination
supported. that he had been
dumped.
AS he deplored the Bricker
amendment, which he said
would "paralyze" the Presi-
dents power in direction of
foreign policy, he was standing
in his place on the aisle just
behind the party's floor leader
who sat, impassive of face, his
chin cupped in his right hand.
That gentleman, Senator
William F. Knowland of Cali
fornia. was a silent symbol of
another Of the Presidents hair
shirts in his own party in con-
duct of foreign policy. For not
only had Senator Knowland
pressed for approval of the
Bricker amendment, which
barely failed in the 83d Re-
publican Congress. but he
openly took issue with the
President on other issues. But
he did not stir from his seat
during Senator Wiley's diatribe
against his enemies in the
Republican Party in Wisconsin
who also are striking, through
the Wisconsin Senator, at the
President.
Senator Wiley. however, got
a challenge from another Re-
publican who gave the Presi-
dent and his administration
much acute discomfort in its
earlier days, and who now UNI
yelled himself as an active par
ticipant in the convention coup
against Senator Wiley. 1t was
the first time in a long time
that the once-familiar throaty,
cultural voice Of Senator Joe
Mccarthy Of Wisconsin had
been heard in the Senate, one
OF the few times since he was
censured by that body.
He complained that Senator
Wiley was making "unseemly
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
DAVID LAWRENCE
His Murders Apparently Were All Right,
Except They Occurred in Wrong Cycle

How DO you rub out 80
years Of history with a single
speech of denunciation?
That's the question the
people of Soviet Russia are
wondering about today as they
hear, over the Voice of Amer
lea" radio. extracts from the
lengthy address delivered by
Khrushchey on February Is
last at the twentieth Commu-
mist Party congress. This was
the speech in which Stain
was repudiated. along with the
cult of the individual" as it
applies to one-man govern
ment.
What the text of the adj
dress, which has never been
printed in full in Soviet Rus
STA. says is less important
than the motives of the Krem-
lin in adopting the change in
policy. The purpose Of the
Department of State in giving
the widest publicity to the
document at this time is also
part of the counter-strategy in
the present phase of the psy-
Geological warfare being waged
on both sides of the Iron
Curtain.
The speech is approximately
10000 words long, and obvi-
ously the text as made public
here is not the entire docu-
ment. Much of it was sup
pressed in Moscow, and only
parts that it was considered
safe to let the satellite coun-
tries have were revealed.
The object of the Kremlin
today, of course. is to give the
impression that freedom at
last has come to Soviet Russia
and that democracy rules and
one-man dictatorship is at an
end. But the speech itself is
full of contradictions, and it is
apparent that the reign of
terror is not over and that
represSive methods have by no
means been abandoned.
In forsaking Stains philos-
ophy and going back to Lenin,
the Khrushchev speech is a
warning to all those who plan
now on any deviation or dis
sent. Here. for example, is
one quotation from the famous
speech which makes Lenin the
hero and Stain the villain:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05

'Lenin used severe methods
only in the most necessary
cases, when the exploiting
classes we're still in existence
and were vigorously opposing
the revolution, when the
struggle for survival was
decidedly assuming the sharp
est forms, even including a
civil war.
Stain, on the other hand,
used extreme methods and
mass repreSsions at a time
when the revolution was al
ready victorious. when the
Soviet state was strengthened,
when the exploiting classes
were already liquidated. :"
So, it seems, the methods
were all right, but only Stains
timing was bad. But Khrush-
chew shows an uneasiness all
through the speech-his worry
about the big question as to
why all this has gone on so
long. He says:
IF we sharply criticize to-
day the cult Of the individual
which was so widespread dur
ing Stalin's life, and If we
speak about the many mega
tive, phenomena generated by
this cult which is so alien to
the spirit of Marxism-L enin-
ism, various persons may ask:
How could it be? Stain headed
the party and the country for
30 years and many victories
were gained during his life
time. Can we deny this?
I'm my opinion. the ques-
ton can be asked in this man.
ner only by those who are
blinded and hopelessly hyp-
Noticed by the cult of the in
dividual, only by those who do
not understand the essence Of
the revolution and Of the So
Wet state. only by those who
do not understand, in the Lee
ninist manner, the role of the
party and of the nation in the
development of the Soviet
society,""
What a way to avoid an
answer! But the mere fact
that KhruShchev asked the
question indicates an aware
ness that it will be asked over
and over again--and he tells
anybody in Soviet Russia not
to dare to ask it. either, where
the secret police can hear him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-06-05
THOMAS L. STOKES

One of the rare dramatic
scenes on the Senate floor in
what has been a rather dull,
lack-luster session highlights
the difficulty constantly con-
fronting President Eisenhower
within his own party on for
eign policy which just now is
reflected in the brewing battle
over foreign military and eco
nomic aid.
The central figure was the
veteran Senator Alexander
Wiley of Wisconsin, chairman
Of the Foreign Relations Com
mittee in the previous 83d
Republican Congress and now
its ranking minority member
in the Democratic 84th Con-
gress and. as such. spokesman
for the administration. He has
been a loyal and staunch sup
porter Of the Presidents for
eign policies and programs.
He stood before the Senate to
testify to the price he has paid
for 1t back home in Wisconsin
recent refusal of his party's
State convention to indorse
him for denomination.
He arose to make the first
of a series Of speeches about
what happened to him, a con-
spiracy as he envisages it by
what he called a few king
makers" who. he said. "manip-
ulated" that convention to
defeat him. Instead, the con-
yention Endorsed Representa-
tive Glenn Davis who, ac-
cording to the Senator, had
completely removed himself
from consideration only two
weeks before. In the course
OF his speech, Senator Wiley
forecast his victory in the
September primary in which
he will run on his own. without
party support.
Likewise he repledged his
support to Eisenhower foreign
policies and said It was on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-26
Safeguarding Accotink

Virginia's Water Control Board evil
denced understandable reluctance in APP
proving the town of Vienna's proposal
for emptying treated sewage from new
disposal plant into Accotink Creek The
plan had been vigorously opposed by the
Army because Fort Belvoir draws its
water supply from this Fairfax County
stream The board was right in making
its approval conditional on Vienna's strict
compliance with certain treatment stand
ards designed to avert contamination Of
the creek.
The board ruled that the new facili-
ties must provide the same high degree
Of treatment that the board previously
had required of the town of Fairfax,
which also has sewage plant on Acco-
tink Creek. Sanitation experts have
asserted that If the sewage is adequately
proceSSed the resulting effluent will be
harmless. The State Water Board, hav-
ing granted the Vienna permit, should
now make certain that its requirements
are fully met, with respect both to the
design and operation of the towns new
plant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-26
Purqinq the Purqes?

RusSia's collective leaders" now
seem ready to take sweeping corrective
action in connection with the notorious
Soviet purge trials of the late 1905 AS
most grown-ups must remember, these
trials resulted in the conviction and
death of some of Nicolai Lenin's closest
iBolShevik comrades, including Alexei
'Rykov. They also sealed the doom of
Marshal TukachevSky and thousands of
Others, all of whom confessed"
Staged on Stains orders, the pro-
'ceedings-which electrified the world at
the time-Starred Andrei ViShinsky as
athe chief prosecutor. In more recent
iyears he served for a while as Soviet
Foreign Minister, and afterwards as Mos
leow'S chief delegate to the United Ma
ttions. Americans knew him web, and
!they shed few tears when death came
for him in New York in 1854 But he was
ieulogized as great hero in Russia, where
1.-THE collective leadership" paid him the
isignal honor of interring his ashes in the
,Kremlin's wall.
Today, however, the picture is quite
ichanged. All of sudden, in keeping
with Nikita KhruShchevs attack on the
ideglorif1ed Stains domestic crimes,
,Alexei Rykov-the erstwhile TRAITOR
ihas received favorable publicity in
iPravda. More important still, the maya
zine Soviet State and Law-the most
authoritative journal of its kind In Rus
.Sia-has spoken out severely against Mr..
sVishinsky, has denounced the nature OF
sthe confessions" used in the purge
.trials, and has called for far-reaching
investigation of Communist legal doc
.trine and practice.
The apparent purpose of all this is
to initiate reforms aimed at protecting
the Russian individual from being shot
or hanged, as in Stains day, on the
basis of fraudulent confession exacted
iunder the presSureS of torture and terror.
Presumably, too, the investigation will
Involve the rehabilitation" Of many of
the victims of the "blood bath" of the
1906
= In New York, the Communist Daily
Worker, which has been UNDERSTANDABLE
,bewildered and embarrassed by the
lKremlin'S line in recent weeks, has played
down this story under relatively very
Small headline on one Of its very few
inside pages. But that does not mean
that the story is unimportant. Actually,
TO the extent that it foreShadows basic
sfeform for the better in the Soviet
Unions system Of law and justice, it may
well prov6 TO be one Of the most signih-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1956-04-26
Racial Bus Action

III seems clear CnaC Cne supreme
Courts action in the South Carolina bus
case had much narrower application
than was at first supposed.
All that the Supreme Court did was
to refuse to hear an appeal from ruling
by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Presumably, this refusal was based on
the fact that there had been no final
decision in the case in the lower courts.
The case arose when a Negro woman
brought suit for damages under the Civil
Rights Act after she had been compelled
to change her seat on a segregated bus
In Columbia, South Carolina. The trial
Judge dismissed the suit on the ground
that the States bus segregation law was
valid under the separate but-equal doc
trine, despite the Supreme Courts ruling
in the school cases.
The Court of Appeals disagreed with
this view and sent the case back for
hearing ON the merits The next step,
presumably, will be trial in the district
court, and possibly an appeal from what
ever the result of that trial may be. It
remains to be seen, however, whether
the plaintiff will be able to recover dam
ages, and if there is an appeal it may
be limited to the question of the appli-
cation of the Civil Rights Act to the
facts of this case.
In saying this, however, it should be
emphasized that the decision of the
Fourth Circuit Court was broadly based.
1t held that the separate but equal doc
trine can no longer be regarded as
correct statement of the law, and went
on to say that the Supreme Courts
school decisions leave no doubt that this
doctrine has been repudiated
This being so, it would seem to be
only question of time until segregation
on intraState buses, as we'll as all other
forms of segregation imposed under color
OF State law, will fall 1t may take con-
siderable time, but the ultimate result
seems clearly foreshadowed. That this
will create additional difficulties in the
South cannot be doubted. But they
should be relatively minor as compared
to the problem created by the school
decisions If this one can be worked out.
the others should not be too hard to-
handle.