davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-03-11

troops have an excellent Of
fensive spirit. and they have
ample supplies stored deep in
the rocks of the islands.
Moreover. Peiping should
know by now that If they try
to overwhelm the Nationalist
defenders with planes and the
battle gets hot, American air
power from carriers and land
bases will certainly intervene.
Yet verified reports show
that the Communists are
speeding their buildup in Fu-
kien and Chekiang Provinces.
Latest types Of Soviet planes
are arriving at hastily con-
structed airfields. Most civil
ian traffic has been stopped to
enable the military to bring
up supplies and troops to these
areas. Upward of 1000 motor
ized junks are concentrated In
invasion ports"
Despite these Red prepara-
tions, our military men are
more than confident that If
the Reds attempt to make
good their boasts to liberate
the islands they will get the
worst shellacking of their short
but bombastic history.
There Is nothing to show
any prowess on the part Of the
Red armies. They did not
win the war in Korea; the
Western diplomats lost it.
They did not win the war in
Indo- China; the dispirited
French merely surrendered.
The best they can say for their
armed forces is that they de-
feated other Chinese on the
mainland. However. between
1947 and l949, Chang had only
demoralized troops, lacking
equipment and ammunition
and even a purpose. Mao Tse-
tung's legions were strongly
supported by the USSR with
arms and military comman-
ders. The Nationalists received,
at best, only lip assistance from
the United States. The situa-
ton is different now.
1t is possible Peiping really
believes that American inter-
vention in Formosa Strait will
result in the USSR becoming
involved at least in the Far
East. There is some logic in
such a belief. The Sino-Soviet
treaty provides for mutual
support for both offensive and
defensive purposes. The sug-
gestion that the USSR will in
tervene openly-that is stage
an attack against our bases in
the Far East or against the
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Fletcher Knebel-
Potomac Fever

Republicans Democrats of "criticizing" Mamie
Esenhowers cold Democrats retot that they merely
protecting Ike They say the President is be
sneezed at
One G. O. Senator complains he's having trouble with
speech writers at Republican headquarters II for
defense speech-and they send defending cold"
Treasury Humphrey denounces the Democratic
cut Humphrey the strong of the cabinet
The he the Treasury his shoulders you'd think
he had something in it.
Ike gets locked out of his White Republicans
they can't They work 20 to put of their
boys in the White Houseand he loses the the joint
The House votes raise for the armed forces It's
Congressman hope to themselves the
embarrassment of being asked why they raised their
Ike we'll continue to keep troops in Europe. The
Pentagon doesn't bring Army They're afraid
somebody at the White House might cut it again.
Secretary of Labor Mitchell predicts many job oppor-
tunities for Match 1t looks though the of
the world fixing kill each other off again.
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Doris FIeeson-
Doris Feeson-
Hopes, Fears Regarding 1855
g.. P. Bores Own Agonies Over Eisenhowers PIons
Butler Advertises His PorNs Apprehensions

Presidential politics is heat
ing up.
The new Democratic national
chairman, Paul Butler, VEN
tured this week in New York
to discuss newspaper reports
about Mrs. Eisenhower's health
and their possible bearing on
President Eisenhower's decision
to run again.
Republican strategists saw
in the Butler remarks mama
from Heaven. They trans
muted his views into the Ian
guage of personal attack upon
the Eisenhowers and the end
product, as delivered by Re-
publican Senators, evoked de-
bate of the most bitter and
partisan kind.
Unlike most heated argu-
ments, this one shed consider
able light upon the situation
which provoked it. That situa-
ton is the hopes. Republican,
and the fears, Democratic, re-
garding the Presidents inten-
tions in 1856.
In harping upon whether
the President will or won't run
again. Mr.. Butler is effectively
advertising Democratic appre-
tensions that he will both run
and win. These apprehensions
are widespread but by no
means universal in Mr.. Buffers
party. Even so, he lays him.
self open to derision for Whis-
ting in the dark.
AS for his mention of Mrs.
Eisenhower, any leading poll
tician of either party is ill-ad-
vised to bring the wife of the
President into public political
discussion. This was inexperi-
ence on Mr.. Buffers part. Ac-
tually, he is a mild-mannered
ascetic who attends mass every
morning and he is probably
the only national chairman in
history who quotes st. Francis
Evening star., 1955-03-11
War of Nerves Over Fornoso
Current Score Is Still Mostly Just in the Headlines;
There Are Reasons Why Reds Don't Want Fight .
Dovid L0wrence-

As the sensitive eyes Of q jit-
terry world scan the headlines
each day to find out If a gen.
eral war might break out In
the Far East, it is astonishing
how little about the actual in
tentions Of the Communists are
known anywhere. There is, in
fact, a war Of nerves going on.
with q considerable amount of
bluffing being done privately
and openly by the Communist
authorities in Peiping and
Moscow.
What bewilders the public
is the contrast between what
Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden says and what Secretary
of State John Foster Dulles
says. It would be easy to infer
from surface indications that
there is a rift, but a closer
examination of the speeches
as well as the dispatches leads
to a strong impression that
London and Washington are
well aware Of what each is do
ing in q constructive effort to
prevent a war from breaking
out.
1t is natural for Britain, with
its colonial possession in the
offshore island of Hong Kong,
to speak in hopeful terms
about "two Chinas-Formosa
and Red China" and to ex-
press vague hopes about the
ultimate admission of Red
China into the United Nations.
This gives Peiping an idea that
perhaps London will play the
role Of intermediary, especially
with its close ties to India, an
other mediating influence.
But at the same time the
United States Government is
faced with the realities of a
possible outbreak of war in the
Far East. and it is America
alone which will be obliged to
use military force in the area
around Formosa. So the real
key to what will happen by
way of retaliation is in Pei
ping and Washington. The So
Evening star., 1955-03-11

Of Assist to make a political
point.
But he is still fresh from a
relatively small city in 1ndi-
ana, South Bend, and as the
old saying has it: Pastime in
the country is crime in the
city. Had he said what he did
in South Bend purely as a
local politician, it would have
gone unnoticed.
The supercharged fervor of
Republican attacks on Mr..
Butler reflect their own inner
agonies of uncertainty over
Mr.. Eisenhower's intentions.
Their strategy leaped to the
eye as they piled it on thicker
and thicker.
They were aiming at Mr.. Ell
senhower's inability to bear
criticism. They know him to
be extremely thin-skinned,
though he has had more and
better publicity and fewer bad
notices so far than any poll
tician in history. Reporters
see this side of him at press
conferences.
To date. however, he has
shown no sign of personal
venom against Democrats. In
the current debate Republicans
were inviting him to get mad,
boiling mad, like a red-blooded
American, at the dastardly
Democrats who were criticizing
his wife. Friends of the Roose'
velts must be pardoned a
smile.
The prize for overstatement
went to, of all people, Senator
Aiken of Vermont, who domes-
ticateS wild flowers in his Put
ney nursery. The press gallery
could hardly credit its ears as
he heaped epithets-low. evil,
loathsome. scoundrel-on the
animal in human form" who
"hurt these people,"
Possibly inspired by the re-
porters' open mouths, Senator
Evening star., 1955-03-11

ICES that global war will mean
mutual annihilation," and the
aggressor can count on in
stantaneous massive reprisals.
At that point. he hopes. gen.
uine and effective disarma-
ment may be achieved.
It boils down to building
deterrents and postponing dis
armament until each side will
be able to annihilate the other.
Then, at last, that great act
Of conversion may occur.
But suppose 1t does not?
We assure Moscow that we
will not make preventive
war. But the fact is that pre-
ventive war is the only logical
form Of war in the H-bomb
era.
The overwhelming advan-
tage is with the side that de-
livers the first Gripping, If
not mortal injury" above all.
at the nuclear plants of the
main enemy. With effective
nuclear parity the deterrent
Of massive reprisals" would
not Offset that advantage If
either or both sides believed
war unavoidable.
The deterrent" therefore.
is only in the goodness or bad
ness Of the human heart; only
in the act of conversion.
Mr.. Churchill spoke moving
ly Of watching little children
at their play and wondering
what would lie before them If
God wearied Of humanity"
But God endowed humanity
with freedom to weary Of Him.
1t win not be because of Gods
weariness III man destroys
mankind.
Evening star., 1955-03-11

side story is that the Presi-
dent and Mr.. Dulles worked out
their policy some time ago.
It is this: II the Red Chinese
were to invade Quemoy and
the Matsu Islands and could
take them without attacking
Formosa or the Pescadores
Islands, it is not likely that
American forces would be en-
gagged at all. But the military
men say this is impossible.
They declare that the moment
the invasion of the islands
starts. Nationalist air power
will come into play and that.
once the fighter planes and
bombers of both sides begin
banging away al each other.
there will be a pursuit to For
mosa territory by the Reds and
the United States will be in
stantly involved.
Red Chinese officials must
know all this. They keep on
talking nevertheless of an at
tack on Formosa as well as on
the offshore islands, and they
refuse to discuss any cease-f1re.
This is typical Oriental tactics,
as they play for time and for
negotiations which they think
will end in appeasing them one
way or the other. The United
Nations record of refusing to
apply maximum power in Ko-
rea is coming home to roost
now. and it is to be hoped that
the United States doesn't have
to use force in order to prove
that it really means what it
says. The Red Chinese aren't
likely to attempt to get such
proof. for it would be fatal
to them.
To Red China, war could
mean internal revolution. For
Soviet Russia, it could mean
burdens she would not wish to
assume in view of the delicate
situation among her own satel-
lites. So the war scare is still
mostly in the headlines. It has
little substance.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1955-03-11

Wet government is trying to
restrain the Red Chinese,
while the British are giving the
impression they are trying to
restrain the "impulsive Amer
leans"
The game Of bluff and
counterbluff is going on every
day inside diplomatic chan
nels, with nobody quite sure
what the other fellow may do:
This is a typical illustration
of a situation in which an
overt act can be committed
and a big war brought on by
the miscalculations Of one side
or the other.
The simple military facts Of
the whole siuation, however,
are perhaps the best answer
to all doubts. Red China will
not dare to fight a major war
against the United States
forces, particularly since Mr..
Dulles now has made it clear
that any attack on Formosa
might lead to a war against
Red China on all fronts, in
Guiding North Korea-and he
means, of course. by air power.
There are plain hints. too.
that nuclear weapons will be
used rather than conventional
assaults by ground armies of
invasion
Some Democratic Senators
are openly complaining that
Mr.. Dulles hasn't been able as
yet to convince the Red Chi
nese that America means busi-
ness. Possibly the reason is
that some Democrats tried to
limit the Presidents powers
when the recent resolution to
protect Formosa was before
Congress, and this has been
followed by a lot of argument
from some of the same sources
that maybe it would be a good
idea to have the Nationalists
give up the offshore islands.
Under such circumstances,
1t is difficult to convey impress
sions Of flrmness. But the in
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Constontne Brown
u. S. China Policy Is Not q Bluff
PeiPinq Must ReoIize Thot ToneIne With America
And NotionoIists Now Will Not Be Another Korea

United States itself-has,
however, no takers among the
military and informed policy
makers in Washington.
The Kremlin has an un-
matched record of breaking
treaties and agreements which
no longer serve their purposes.
And this may be one of the oc-
casions.
Militarily the USSR is not
prepared for a war with o
major military power. particu-
larly in the Far East. The
double-tracked Trans-Siberian
railway is inadequate to supply
the Red forces. An attack on
American bases in the Pacific
or at home would result in
evitably in third world war
even If some of our allies in
Western Europe were 70 be.
come onlookers from the side
lines.
For the next two to four
years the Soviets do not have
the tools to deliver a crushing
blow on this country. while we
do have the power to retaliate
very effectively. Thus. the ex-
perts here believe, if Red China
were getting the worst Of Q
military action, Moscow would
help her only with materials
and volunteers" The extent
to which Chou and Mac realize
that the Kremlin will not live
up to terms of the alliance will
dictate the events of the next
few weeks.
Evening star., 1955-03-11

defense and the hydrogen
bomb; of Wonderment that the
abyss is still there, yawning
with infinitely more hideous
depths than the one into which
he gazed without falling in
1910. He still gazes without
falling. Intrepidity is the core
of his character. But. he does
not gaze without being pro-
foundly shaken. He spoke far
more candidly than any other
leader has done of the world
in which we find ourselves. the
prime fact Of which we prefer
not to face, treating it as
though 1t were not really a
fact, but rather a Jules Verne
popular science tale.
The fact, of course, is
the H-bomb. And even Mr..
Churchill. who has foreseen
the possibilities In nuclear fis-
sion since 1881, does not pre-
tend to know how it can be
controlled. He said, 1T may
well be that by a process of
sublime irony. we have reached
a stage in history where safety
will be the sturdy child of
terror, and survival the twin
brother Of annihilation."
This is the theory of mutual
possession as a deterrent. The
Russians, he is convinced, will
not start a war as long as the
United States has great nu-
clear superiority, though "in
three or four years or even
less" the Soviets will probably
be capable Gas America al
ready isl Of inflicting Grip
pling II not mortal injury on
any country. He thinks that at
such q point the risk Of war
may be less when each real
Evening star., 1955-03-11
) 'APPrehenSlOns

Aiken went on to give a dem
onstration Of a man who de-
nounces nudism while taking
his clothes off.
Admitting Mr.. Buffers the
sis that Mrs. Eisenhower does
not enjoy robust health, he
exclaimed: I'm glad she
doesn't race halfway around
the world every week!" Few
people old enough to watch
television will have to be told
who Senator Aiken had in
mind, and If they don't some
Democrats have plans to tell
them in the same forum.
Senator Goldwater ran Sen
ator Aiken q close second with
his protest against personal
insinuations about the morals,
integrity and health Of our
President and his beloved First
Lady"
An old favorite of such
Senate shows, Senator Bridges,
was, however, a disappoint-
ment. Senator Bridges found
much to deplore and pictur-
esquely in the Roosevelts and
in Truman, but he sounded
tepid in this instance. Per-
haps he has too much sense of
humor.
An echo of an old champion
at this stuff, former Senator
Tom Connally of Texas, came
with the only Democratic de-
fender. Majority Leader john
son. In pure Connally Ian
guage, Senator Johnson ridi-
culed his Republican colleagues
for taking so hard what a "lil
ole chairman" did and invited
them to listen to what Treas
ury Secretary Humphrey had
just said about the SILLY, ir-
responsible" Democrats in the
Senate.
In rather dull session, it
was all good fun. There will
probably be more of it.
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Churchill Still Holds
Role as Live|iest Of
Worlds Feeble Men
By the Associated Press

LONDON, Mar. 11.-Sir Win
ston Churchill remains one of
the liveliest feeble men in the
world.
Just over Is years ago the
late Wendell Willkie, here for
a private visit, conf1ded:
"Churchill's a great old man.
but I'm afraid he's getting a
little feeble"
Two days after he said that,
Mr.. Willkie called on Sir VIM
ston at No. 10 Downing street.
After their talk, the Prime Min
lister accompanied the visiting
American to the doorstep.
They stood there for photo
graphs and as Mr.. Willkie was
leaving, Sir Winston took him
by the arm, saying:
Here, MIR. Willkie, let me
show you down this step. When
it rains it sometimes becomes
slippery"
Back at his hotel, Mr.. Willkie
smiled and said, "And I called
him feeble"
Winant Mistaken.
In August of that year the late
John G. Winant. then Ambas-
sador to Britain, went to Lon
don railway station to welcome
Sir Winston back from the At
lantic Charter Conference with
President Roosevelt.
Some of his friends" said the
American Ambassador, SAY the
Prime Minister shouldn't UNDER
take such trips. They say he's
getting a little feeble"
Ten minutes later Sir Winston
bounded off a train and, with a
cigar in his mouth, energetically
shook hands with the cabinet
members and all others who
turned up on the platform.
In his enthusiasm he acci-
dentally stepped on Mr.. Winant's
foot. It was no feeble step.
Energy Is Recalled.
One year later Sir Winston
was in Moscow having his first
meeting with Joseph Stain. The
late Lord Inverchapel was then
the British Ambassador in Russia
HE looks fine" mused the
envoy, "but I'm afraid he's show
ing signs of feebleness."
Before he left Moscow on that
trip Sir Winston exhausted the
Ambassador and half his staff
Of young men.
Two years later, in october
1914, Sir Winston was back in
Moscow for more talks with Mr..
Stain. the late Maxim Litvinov
who'd known Sir Winston for
years, sighed and shook his head.
"At last, I'm afraid he's getting
feeble"
Recently Sir Winston was the
guest of honor at correspond
ents' luncheon. At one table was
a British newsman who has been
watching Sir Winston for Is
years.
Strides into Room.
Hes all right" he confided.
"but watch him when he comes
In. You'll see what I mean. He's
getting q bit feeble"
Five minutes later the old man
surged into the dining room,
marched with sure strides around
the hall. using no walking stick
and holding no ones arm.
well. I'm damned" said the
newspaperman. Hes made a
liar out Of me-"
The truth is Sir Winston has
good days and bad days. Some
days he may give the appearance
of feebleness. And then he
bounces right back with the
energy Of q man many years his
Junior.
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Dorothy Thompson
Dorothy Thonpson-
Churchill looks at Mankind
God Will Not Weary Of Humanity: If Man Destroys
Man, 1t Will Be Because Humanity Has Weoried

In reading Winston Church.
Ills sober-and, in passages,
sublime-speech to the House
Of Commons on March 2, I
recalled a talk had with Gen.
Eisenhower in Paris on April
!, 1852. President Truman had
Just declared his intention not
to seek the presidency again
and it seemed certain that the
general would do so, but he
had not yet spoken and would
not discuss political questions.
Instead we talked about his
philosophy of life.
I now recall his affirmation
that the world had had no ease
from tension in which fully to
digest the enormous and
tragic" experience of World
War II. That, perhaps, is the
root of the matter. This gen.
Grafton has endured that ex-
perience without innerly eval-
uating 1t. One thought during
the war that nobody would
emerge from 1t as he had been
before; that the experience of
slaughtered millions, falling
cities, unexampled brutality
and unforgettable heroism
would induce a universal con-
version, rendering insignificant
the various contending ideolo-
gies and ushering in the great
revolution for civilization and
humanity.
But the soul is not purged
by pity and terror except as
1t spiritually digests the expe-
rience Of them and sublimates
it into new moral values i'm
pelling new actions. Only thus
does suffering purify.
There was such recognition
In Mr.. churchill's speech on
l.
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Food Keeps Wife Busy

NEW YORK.-A new survey
shows that the average Ameri-
can housewife spends one-third
to half her working day in the
purchase, preparation and care
Of food and related activities.
Evening star., 1955-03-11
Advertising Jumps

London's morning newspapers
reported q 20 per cent increase
In advertising during 1854. while
the gain for afternoon editions
was 33.84 per cent.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1955-12-10
Stereotypers

At this time of meeting be-
tween the Detroit Newspaper
Publishers and the Detroit Stereo-
typers' Union No. 9, no basic
agreement has been reached on
the many sections of the contract
which the union insists are the
issues back of the present shut
down of the three Detroit news
papers.
Contrary to the statement OF
the publishers that the section
pertaining to the processing of
color and work orr special sections
was the strike issue, there are
several other sections which have
equal priority in the present nego-
tiations.
Likewise the publishers are
making a determined stand in
their proposal to delete from our
contract conditions basic to the
history OF Detroit Stereotypers'
Union No. 9 for 80 years or more.
CONCESSIONS HIT
The much publicized offer of
two proposals made by the pub
fishers Saturday to end the strike
were no more realistic than the
several other concessions made
before the strike was called
Thursday morning.
1t now appears that the pub
(Confinued on Page
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1955-12-10

The board also moved 10 urge
Governor w. Avsrill Hartman.
of New York. TO carefully
weigh the attempt by South
Carolina TO exfradite a sixth
pastor who fled from his home
in the latter state.
1T is reliably reported that at
least five ministers Of the Cos
pei have, as the result of their
stand on the segregation issue,
been forced to resign their pas
torates by the actions of their
congregations, declared the first
Of a series of resolutions adopted
in the closing hours Of the boards
two-day business session here.
In order to enable these men
TO fulfill their spiritual obi
cations as ministers" and to help
them support their families, the
council is now on record as:
&C On Record
u Urging the national church
bodies Of these ministers to "se-
cure other places ofChristian
service for them
y Directing the councils
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1955-12-10
Publishers

A leadership audience OF APP
proximately 100000 has been
denied--and still is denied-its
customary fare provided by De-
troit's three metropolitan dailies.
This is a statement of the
Detroit Free Press. Detroit
News and Detroit Times. ex-
planning why.
The immediate reason is that
the 116 members of Detroit's
Stereotypers Union No. 8, ALL,
refused to engage in any further
negotiations and went on strike
at 4:30 am. Thursday, Dec. l.
Nearly 5000 employees of the
three newspapers are affected.
Wages were not then and are
not now the strike issue.
Before the strike, publishers
proposed a 30-day extension of
the contract which expired at
1901 am. Dec. l with continual
ton of bargaining sessions, and
a guarantee that any wage adjust
ment ultimately agreed upon
would be retroactive to Dec. /.
The stereotypers union refused.
II was the first time in the his
tory of Detroit newspapers labor
relations there had ever been
such a refusal-the first time that
new contracts had not been nego-
tConfinued On Page II