davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-01-01

of Montana Farmer-Stocklnan of the
article written by Mr. Paul Swaffer
entitled Danish System of Judging. !"
The reason for this commentator is
only because of your question, what
do you think about it?'', and your re-
quest for letters on the subject.
The article itself is so inaccurate it
is of little Importance even though the
author occupies an eminent position
i'm livestock circles. The replies which
you request will be, however, of par
ticular value to us i'm Extension work
SO that we can be better guided by All
parents, leaders and club members in
the direction which any changes in the
work should take.
Club members, this means you as
well as your parents and leaders. Please
write to Montana Farmer-Stockman
We will be watching for your letters.
1t is primarily because of these ex-
pressed desires OF persons involved in
All club work that this market grad
ing system of judging livestock is be-
ing used. It's quite universal adoption
over the country during the past Is
years is the evidence. This method
was instituted in spite of considerable
objection on the part of promoters of
stock shows and officials of purebred
livestock associations.
. Would Have Been Easier
1t would have been much easier
course for us to have followed the old
judging system-much easier and more
pleasant But the participants in All
work preferred and advocated the mar
ket grading system, not only for fat
stock where it is so clearly indicated.
but also for breeding stock where it is
not quite so applicable.
Let us recognize right here that jun
for livestock exhibitors are perfectly
free and eligible to enter the proper
open classes with their animals and
have them placed in individual, con-
secutive order. We urge All club mem
bers to do this if they find they have
an animal of blue or purple ribbon
quality. We have also been successful
In getting substantial number of fair
and show managers to per-
NIT these late entries after the junior
stock is judged Many of them do enter
The open classes with modest degree
Of success.
One of the most important advan-
ages of the grading system of judging
over the conventional system is the
very definite encouragement for club
to continue with the work and
lot drop out after one or two years.
These beginners do not do a very good
OBJ the first year or so, and it's a
problem to keep them interested and
continuing until they are able to do
,etter.
Provides announcement
Much of this encouragement is due
'eyond any doubt to the grading sys-
EN- of judging where each exhibitor
let's recognition and takes home rib
on, whether it be purple. blue, red
r white. Compare this with a show
t hundred boys and girls where only
dozen or Is get all of the awards and
6-Jonuury I, 1855
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-01-01

Constructive letters subjects OF general
rural interest will be published under this
heading space permits. Comparatively short
letters must necessarily be favored although
excerpts from longer letters may be used.
Letters must be signed, though only initials
will be used If requested. Montana Farmer
Stockman may may mot agree with sne
opinion expressed.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-01-01
All Philosophy

FeTndpS LneSo statements or mine
will give broader, more accurate pic
ture of the livestock judging philosophy
behind All club work than did Mr.
Swaffer's S. His errors are too numerous
to discuss, but do want to point out
two items which just shouldn't be
passed by The first is Mr.. Swaffar's
choice of certain words. We can say
he was at least uncomplimentary in
using such ones as 'un-character build
ing" 'un-American" and Socialist. ;"
think he is the one and only person
in the world who has ever applied those
words to All members and All work.
The other statement of Mr.. Swaffar's
so clearly shows his ignorance of Al
work that / am going to quote it.. He
says, 1--WE got three kids of my own,
and don't want anybody cornering
them in youth meeting and telling
them not to strive for perfection, that
they have no chance to win, or that
there's no extra award for added effort
and achievement. TIL do my best to
teach them the glory of honesty, fair
dealing, and cooperation, but you nom
champion teachers better, by long
sight, let 'em alone.'' This is amazing!
That anyone in livestock circles could
be SO uniformed! He has never even
heard the All motto, ITO make the best
better" and the slogan, ''To win with
out Dragging and to lose without squeal-
ing" I wish his three children could
have had the same All opportunities
that my three had, for their own sakes.
But he will not permit this.
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-01-01
Danish System Promotes
Exhibitor, Not Animal
~ r. D. ORCLTT. Extension Livestock SbeczaIit

glory and the other IS or 80 are no
even identified.
Remember, we have no "bait, /" NJ
subsidy. no authority, no money to offel
these boys and girls to get them to be
come All club members 1t is totally
and completely voluntary with them ant
their parents whether they join club
Encouragement is therefore of great
Importance and Encouragement cuts
sharply into the participation. That
they are being encouraged can be meas.
ured by the enrolment of 10000 Mon
tana boys and girls in 1854.
Perhaps I should point out that have
been in daily contact with All live
stock work since 1887, before the grad
ing system was introduced in Montana
stock shows. did not make the actual
introduction My predecessor did this
in 1888 when he was livestock specialist,
however, it fell to me to carry on the
really bigger job of going ahead
throughout the state with its adoption
whenever the Al people and the show
secretaries chose to do it,
Parents VS.. Promoters
Continuing through these years, par
ents and leaders have been repeatedly
asked their opinion on livestock Judging
methods and have, so far, restated their
preference for the. grading system. On
the other hand, and without any urging,
the promoters and representatives of
the beef breeds and livestock publica-
tons have kept the question alive
throughout these years. AS far as my
information goes, they seem to be the
one source of all the criticism of the
grading system of judging.
Here lies the key to the whole debate:
The critics of the grading system of All
livestock are very consistently found
among those whose business it is to
promote and publicize animals. The
proponents of the system are those who
are interested and, yes, in the business,
of promoting boys and girls who are
interested in animals. One thing is
certain. IL you want to rivet the atten-
ton of the public on one animal, by all
means select grand champion If you
want the public to observe the exhibitor
as well as the animal-and all the other
showmen and livestock in the ring
then you must place the animals in
rather than individually.
This is self-evident
Slaughter VS.. Breeding Stock
Now, one more general point in con-
nection with show-ring Judging for jun
ior exhibitors: Fattened. slaughter live
stock has no Importance whatsoever
except their carcass value III III the pack
ing house cooler. No human being can
accurately and consistently appraise
he exact carcass grade by inspecting
he live animal This fact is well known
among judges and packer-buyers. How
hen, can individual placing of slaugh-
er animals be justified? Further, our
entire American marketing system of
slaughter livestock is based on grade
groups rather than single individuals.
Breeding livestock is an entirely diff
erent matter /, for one, do favor rank
ne the best of them in Individual
'laces, namely, for example, to place
he blue ribbon heifers in their proper
ank. one two three The evnrv-dav
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-01-01

much attention and most certainly not
the poorer white ribbon animals. |
wrote such judging system into the
All rules for the Montana Winter Fair
two years ago. 1t seems to work just
fine but it is not SO far being taken up
by other fairs.
Now, finally, let's recognize the one,
basic purpose of All club work. 1t is
education in agriculture and home eco
nomics and is so written right into the
law If purely educational accomplish
ments cannot be attained, then the Ex-
tension. Service is not justified in spend
ing single day day On II H work.
This discussion could go on for pages
and pages and probably do less good
than few paragraphs. i have rather
recently expressed myself on the sub
ject in the August. 1858, issue of Mon
tana Farmer Stockman. The story was
entitled TITS the Club Member-Not
the Cal" The response received from
All folks on this article was really won
derful 1t is very. evident that they
were more interested in boys and girls
and what they might learn than they
were in certain heifers or steers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

Never before a 'get-acquainted'
offer to match this! We want to
prove you'll find it easy as pie
to take orders for exquisitely-de-
signed ALL-OCCASION CARDS.
And also show how quickly you
can make $1,000 in cash profit
and even mOre-just by spend
ing few hours now and then
taking orders from your friends,
neighbOrs and others. So here's
the astonishing offer we're
making.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

YOURS 70 SHOW FRIENDS AND OTHERS
AND ALL YOU OWE IS JUST Ie
The reason we're making this unheard-
of lc Offer is to make more people
familiar with our money-making plan.
Once you see these cards and behold
their true beauty, we're sure you'll say
TO yourself, ''ThOse cards will sell like
wild6re. Every family know will want
to buy cards from me. I'm going to use
my spare time TO make lots of extra
spending money by showing them and
taking profitable Orders!" just to
prove il, we're willing 10 give you
box for a penny.
ONLY ONE 70 A FAMILY! LIMITED OFFER!
Naturally, this offer is strictly limited and
includes additional Greeting Card Assert
n,ents ON APPROVAL, together with COM
pIete MONEY MAKING PLAN and FREE
PersOnalized Imprint Samples. But you
must hurry-this offer may not be repeated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

EIbB VUB JUG Ud0U rue GUUpOW W8B0WJ
Wen promptly send YOU this beaysityI
new box Of All-oeeasion creesims Cards
rs illustrated. Yes, JUST ONE SINGLE
PESleY % gll yes pay fov q beoveieSI
cords end envelopes thef would Sssally
seseil es 81 70 - u bought .spsrsssIy.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
TEACHERS WITH WRONG"
CONVICTIONS HAVE
ROUGH TIME

There are things school can do
well and things it can hardly do at
all. would much rather have child
grow up in community that ex-
pressed itself vigorously in organiza-
tions and press and attend a school
that taught some basic things thor
oughly than for him to grow up in a
community that neglected genuine
controversy and then asked its teach
ers to show the child how to conduct
himself on questions that we disagree
violently about. Many teachers in
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
REA LOANS $40 MILLION
TO new CT COOP

WASHINGTON, D. C.-(CNS)-
A second new power generating and
transmission coop got a green light
from the Eisenhower administration,
May 27.
Rural Identification Administra-
ton okayed a $10,155,0O0 loan to
Colorado-Ute Electric Association at
Montrose, Colo. The money will build
a 38, 000-kilowatt steam power plant
and 164 miles of 115-kv transmission
lines. Colorado-Ute is owned by four
rural electric distribution co-ops,
serving 9,254 neutrality-suspicious.
Two 2,65O-kilowatt units will be
installed at first, and third will be
added later. The generators will go
on the line late next year
Just one month, earlier, REA ap-
proved a $3h million loan for the
newly organized Arkansas Valley
G & T Coop at Pueblo, Colo. This
coop expects to generate 16,500-
kilowatts of electricity.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
FEW MONTANA NEWSPAPERS
ENCOURAGE DISCUSSION

The great instrument for encourag-
ing and identifying the discussion of
controversial questions in commu-
nifty is not the school but the news
paper. Here of course is the rub in
our state: So few of our major news
papers assume any responsibility for
encouraging discussion of public is
sues. A visitor reading the daily
newspaper in Missoula would get no
idea of what the people really think
about any leading issue. The editorial
writer never mentions state or local
issue; no reader is permitted to ex-
press his opinion on any issue. This
silencing of both editor and citizen
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
From the NEW YORK TIMES

From the NEW YORK TIMES
With hardly ripple, the Senate has cody authorized
series of public power and reclamation projects for
the Upper Colorado Basin states at cost that
the VIGOROUSLY inadequate official estimates place
at more than billion and half dollars The power
will be produced at Enthusiastically high rates; the irr
cation per will cost many times the conceivable
value of the land and incidental byproduct the
National Park System will be threatened with ulti
mate destruction.
This newspaper is all for developing the under
developed areas of country where feasible; but
do believe that large-scae developments ought
to have realistic relation to expected costs and
benefits. 1t would of be possible to grow
bananas top of the Rockies if wanted TO spend
the money; but the question is, couldn't this money
be spent more advantageously elsewhere! hydro
electric power is important to the West but is it es-
sentia produce hydroelectrc power at great cost
when steam power can be produced IN the same area
at fraction of the price? And when atomic power is
around the corner? Even such able defender of pub
lie power as Senator Neuberger comedies that Upper
Colorado power will be produced at rate so high it
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
Bananas On Pixies Peak

precludes extensive use for competitive manufacture
ing"
1t is strange to find the Eisenhower Administra-
ton, devoted to good business management,
enthusiastic over the Upper Colorado. No partner
ship" is involved here, presumably because busi
ness man in his right mind would invest in it.
And even if the economics were sound there
mains the impact that Echo Park Dam, one of the
units of the power and water-storage complex would
have on the national parks of the United States This
dam would raise its 600 feet right in the middle of
the finest protected areas of natural scenery
and would flood two magnificent river canyons for
many miles.
To construct it would set ruinous precedent for
invasion of other national parks and monuments,
many of which threatened by power, lumber or
other interests. Figures supplied by the Reclamation
Bureau prove the necessity for this dam have been
proved wrong time and time again. Alternate sites
have been proposed by competent engineers. There
no good for rushing ahead to supply doubtful
power needs decades hence, until careful studies of
the alternates made.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03

is contrary to good newspaper prac-
tice in all the rest of the democratic
world. There are many thoughtful
persons and groups of course in the
community but they will nearly all
agree that the task of stirring the
community to interest in a fine con-
troversial issue is made many times
heavier by having to work through
a strangled newspaper. 1t is like
growing crops with half enough rain
fall.
Almost everybody | know explains
these silenced newspapers simply by
saying it is policy to protect the
financial interests of the owners.
see too many signs of the unknown
owners being decent and generous
persons to let me accept this explana-
ton. | think they must be persons
who have never dreamed what an
immense contribution to the life of
communities and individuals a real
can make, or perhaps
persons so skilled to caution in bust
ness that they fear to risk the awk-
wardness that does happen in free
enterprise. But whatever
the explanation, I am sure that their
failure does subvert democracy and
oedevil our schools with the idea
that it is their responsibility to teach
controversial subjects.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
' EDMUND FREEMAN. Missoula

By EDMUND FREEMAN, Missoula
I have recently read that a Ma
tional Education Association meeting
| in Denver reached hundreds of con-
clusions, uppermost among which
were two: Cd stressing spelling as a
primary need OF any student, and
(2) noting that the hazards of teach
ing controversial subjects may be
reduced if the teacher knows that the
administration, pupils, colleagues, and
community will support the topic.
1t is my impression that Students
today can spell about as well, perhaps
little better, than the generation
ahead of them. Those who still spell
badly and do not know enough to
use dictionary probably ought not
be encouraged to write much any
way.
But controversial subjects" is
something else. think most of my
fellow teachers agree that University
students are not as well-informed on
public issues as they used to be. This
deficiency does us all real dis
service, for everyone must play his
role, well or i'll, as a citizen. The
common explanation that youth are
SO busy with cars and jobs and enter
tainment that they have little time
to read does not seem to me suffi-
Gent analysis of the problem.
I long ago concluded that most
youth come to college wanting, or at
least willing, to study he ways and
values of life they have seen opera
tive in their home communities. If
good cars are driven there they will
learn how to get good cars. If homes
and parks are well planned there
they will learn to continue such good
things. And so on to the more rele-
want point If good discussion of
controversial questions goes on in
their home communities they will |
be much inclined to learn more about |
controversial questions.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
CONTROVERSY AN ANTIDOTE
TO EMOTIONALISM

Controversy ought not fill a large
part of the good life, but it's neglect
can be sad story. Many youths come
to college without any well-motivated
interest in the great issues that col
lege learning ought to bear on. Many
communities are never in the van
guard of thinking on public ques-
tions and are constantly having to
shuttle awkwardly forward to posi-
tions that have been thought out in
more vigorous intellectual areas of
the country. Youths who mature in
a dull intellectual atmosphere are
ill-prepared to give hand in the
great task of our tormented world:
The reconciling through understand
ing and goodwill of peoples who hold
greatly opposed PHILOSOPHERS. And at
home, if we are untutored in good
habitual ways of controversy, we
become unfriendly victims of emo
tionalism in times of strain. In poll
tical season we even send out of
state for demagogues and black
guards to come and harangue us about
the persons we nominate to represent
us in Washington. And the shame of
it all is well known to the rest of the
country.
There is no doubt that we ought
to give more attention to controver-
sial subjects, but [ personally hope
that our education commissions will
define this as duty neglected by the
press and not incumbent on our
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
SHOULD TEACHERS BE CONTROVERSIAL?

many classes can help youth to that
wisdom in incidental ways, but to
set it up as a formal task seems to
me only to invite failure. For one
thing, persons interested in contro-
versial subjects often develop con-
victions and unhappily an awkward
ness often accompanies the strength
of convictions. 1t is no secret, / think,
that teachers who have the wrong"
convictions on social and economic
questions have a pretty rough time
of it in our schools. And the support
that the profession gives its be-
members has never seemed
to me to be very inspiring story.
Schools have enough to do to teach
things that communities cannot teach,
basic subjects like science, arts, his
tory, and languages that all educated
persons need. Communities can GER
tainly teach their youth controversial
subjects in very exciting and genu-
inc way-if they will. If the commu-
nifty does not believe in controversy,
does not use it's press for that pur-
pose, then to send it's youth to school
for controversial subjects is too much
like sending children off to Sunday
School to learn things they never
hear about at home.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03
Canadian Net Farm
Income Off 1870

OTTAWA-Net farm income in
Canada dropped nearly $40 last year
from $1,699, 10000 to 81, $780,
000-largely as result of poor crops
in the prairie provinces. The post
war average is about SIG billion a
year.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-06-03


nershp of Administration the people through
all construction multiple hydoecc project
the installations about 80
utility the of installations
part of multppurpoe dam and them through as
practically
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-15

for election decreases, the NUM-
Der of share Votes necessary TO
eject one director increases
Classification Of directors. in
fact. inpairs ever majority
representation by requiring the
majority to wait for two or three
years before it can secure repre-
sentat'on proportional to its
strength"
Ward counsel had stated the
staggered system had been used
by business corporations ever
since the 1870 Illinois constitu-
ton was adopted and had not
been challenged until Mr.. Wolf
son filed his suit.
On this point the court said:
Age, however. does. not i'm
munize statute from constitu-
tional attack. This court does
not hesitate to invalidate long
standing practices under statutes
where they are challenged and
found offensive to the Constitu-
ton"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-15
WOLFSON
Continued From First Pas

Continued From First Page
Moline. Justice Harry B. Her.
shey Of Taylorville dissented.
The vote of the court of seven
justices never is announced.
Mr.. Wolfson, who announced
last August that he intended to
seek control of Wards, filed suit
in November to compel the man
agement to put all nine places
on the board up for election.
After Judge Fishers ruling on
February l, Mr.. Avery and the
Ward management appealed to
the Illinois Supreme Court.
States Already Chosen
Both sides in the fight have
selected three-candidate and
nine-candidate states.
Mr.. Wolfson told newsmen in
New York yesterday that, If the
stagger system were eliminated.
the election will be so close "it
could go either way"
He said his own election to
the board was assured.
Edmund A. Krider, Ward
president, told reporters in New
York the management would re-
tain control. Mr.. Krider said
the management already has
proxies for more than 81 per
cent of the 81 million Ward
shares outstanding.
Both sides have been solicit
ing proxies from shareholders
from coast to coast. The rival
forces will meet on common
ground next Friday at the an
nual meeting in Chicago's Me-
dinah Temple.
Purpose of Provision
The Supreme Court said the
general purpose of the constitu-
tional provision for cumulative
voting "was to afford a minority
protection in proportion to its
voting strength" 1t added:
I'm the light of such purpose,
and the evil sought to be rene
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-15
By the Associated Press

The House passed by voice
vote and sent to the Senate yes
terday a bill carrying Z per cent
less money than President
Eisenhower asked to finance the
State and Justice Departments
and the Voice of America.
Only mild debate preceded
passage, with some members
criticizing the Voice Of America
and others praising it. The
House approved its Appropria-
lions Committees recommended
ton that the United States
Information Agency. which runs
the Voice and other programs,
be given $S0.5 million in the
year starting July /. This is So
million under the Presidents
request.
The bill carries more than
$3.50 million, broken down this
way: $126, 769, 997 for the State
Department. $197, 525, 900 for the
Justice Department, $8O.5 mil
lion for the USIA and SIC mil
lion for the Refugee Relief
program.
The State Department figure
represented a cut of $40, 497, 200
from the departments original
budget request. The biggest part