davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
An EorIier Approach to Peace Problem

kept in mind by those who apply them
selves to plans for peace -.
"The world can not too often be re-
minded that what are known as the
War Department and the Navy Depart
ment Of this Government are, in fact,
parts Of what might reasonably be re-
garded as the Department of Defense,
name in keeping with the declared
purpose of the two organizations"
"Then," Mr.. Sanders wrote, create
a new department to be known as the
Department of Peace. We have other
departments, but the one requisite to
their utmost success is peace. Still
more. the one condition beyond all 9TH
er conditions necessary to the general
well-being of all the people is peace.
Then why not a Department Of Peace?"
Mr.. Sanders did not belittle the func-
lions and the accomplishments Of the
Department of State in the field Of
peace effort, but he argued that peace
as national and world problem was
too overwhelmingly heavy burden to
be borne by Secretary and staff
otherwise heavily laden.
when we consider" he said, "the
numerous hindrances and handicaps,
the wonder is not that this (State)
department has done so little but that
it has been able to accomplish so much
in this one (peace) field of endeavor."
And. he argued, "this one problem
(peace) calls for enough to keep one
department employed for every. moment
of its time and for every ounce of its
strength" The shift of the peace prob
lem as such from the Department of
State to q Department of Peace, he
held, would make peace the sole rea-
son for one departments existence.
The chief and his entire force would
be able to concentrate upon this one
thing. 49,.
1.-THE mere change of name and the
announcement that peace is to be made
the sole task of one separate depart
ment Of this Government would have a
dynamic effect upon the rest of the
world.
when it is known that the most
powerful Government on earth is
SO bent upon peace that it d. organizes,
mans and equips separate depart
ment" with peace its sole objective, it's
sole business. then peace, not merely
as subject for consideration but as
a specific thing to be worked for and
prayed for, will be in the mind of all
mankind to greater degree than at
any time in the past, and this alone
will give powerful impetus to what
ever world government may already be
on the way to that end"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Bleeding the Taxpayer

One aspect Of your story on the pro-
posed water system for Fairfax County,
the $3.50 front footage charge. made
my blood boil. This county is suburban
with acre and larger lots the rule, not
tennis-court-sized ones Of urban areas.
Most residents will pay $500 to $4,000 to
have water piped into their homes, this
in addition to the high $50-a-year cost
for its consumption.
The sponsors of this plan have rocks
in their heads. Or is this another step,
like the household possession tax and
the State income tax, in bleeding this
spiritless citizenry dry?
Transplanted Northerner,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Chinese Students

The decision to permit 76 Chinese stu
dents in this country to go back to Red
China If they wish is gratifying because it
is so clearly the right thing to do.
State Department authorities are justi-
fed in hoping that this decision will expe-
dite the release Of Sc Americans held by the
Chinese. But this has not been and should
not be put on quid-pro-quo basis. The
fact the Chinese Communists hold Ameri-
cans illegally and inhumanely could not
serve to justify retaliation in kind by the
United States.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Teachers and Politics

It has long been my custom to follow
closely the editorials of The Star. While
! cannot always agree with your con-
illusions. nonetheless appreciate the
judicious moderation which generally
characterizes your approach to con-
temporary problems.
Your editorial of March %, "Teach-
ers and Politics." seems however to be
hastily constructed without sufficient
realization of the fundamental prin-
ciples involved.
The suggestion, unfortunately in
dorSed by your editorial, to restrict the
civil rights of teachers, cuts to the very
marrow Of our democratic society. Your
conclusion that teachers should be
barred from "active electioneering for
particular representatives of any party
or political faction" lest such activity
prove harmful to the schools reflects
o. concept highly out Of character for
The Star. To deny teachers the right
to be candidates for Office or to support
candidates for Office would be an ar
bitrary step along the road to totalitar-
ianism.
It is fashionable today to dwell on
the unsavory aspect of political activity.
Yet American political life, despite some
unfavorable chacteristics, remains the
greatest bulwark of our freedoms. Those
Americans who hold aloof from active
participation must share a heavy re-
sponsibility for the shortcomings of our
political processes. The answer to the
ills of our Republic is to be found in
more civic activity by the individual
not in less.
No one could deny that abuses Of pro-
fessional ethics may sometimes occur.
Partisanship has no place in the class
room, and indoctrination Of students is
particularly anathema to the precepts
Of the teaching craft. Yet these abuses
may well occur without regard to the
degree Of political activity in which the
teacher may engage. Strong views and
extreme partisanship often manifest
themselves in individuals who take no
part in the political drama. Where
abuses occur, therefore, let them be
dealt with on an individual basis rather
than condemning, ipso facto. million
teachers in the United States to loss
of basic rights.
As seek to view the significance of
modern affairs, it seems to me that
when it comes to the history Of individ-
ual freedoms in our Nation this fact
stands out: The role Of the sincere con-
sentative in America during our century
has been to defend the liberty of the
individual from those restrictions, both
real and imagined. which government
regulation and social legislation have
sometimes entailed. But now, at mid
century. we may clearly perceive q
strong trend toward dull conformity,
intellectual sterility and political sup
preston. Where Is the editorial Demos
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Purge in Peiping

Georgi Malenkov, whose Punishment, II
not execution, has been the subject Of much
recent speculation, has reappeared on the
Moscow social scene, apparently hale and
hearty. This is an incident which cautions
against attempting to read too much into
anything that happens in CommuniSt-land
Even so, there surely is more than in
consequential significance in the word from
Peiping that Kao Kang, Communist boss in
Manchuria and former vice chairman
Of the party, has committed suicide" fol-
low his Punishment from the hierarchy.
Another Chinese Communist bigwig, Jao
Shu-shih, the party's former organizational
chief, was cast into the outer darkness along
with Kao Kang.
It is useless to speculate on the real
reasons for this action, as distinguished
from the official explanation emanating
from Peiping. But it seems clear that all
is far from we'll in Red China's one big
happy family.
The official announcement says that
the purging of Kao Kang and Jao Shu-shih
has Crushed" an "antiparty alliance"
There is also an interesting overtone to the
additional statement that there is still
danger that hostile groups may try to sway
unstable and unreliable elements" inside
the party.
Beyond this, we should remember that
millions of Chinese have been executed or
sent to slave labor camps to make room
for this new peoples paradise. And we
should also keep in mind that more than
two-thirds of the Chinese Communist SOL
oilers captured in Korea refused, despite in
tensive propagandizing, to return home,
electing instead to go to Formosa.
What is the broadcast conclusion to be
drawn? That is hard to know. But at
least we ought not to be too quick to take
it for granted that the Chinese people have
passed beyond all recall into the merciless
hands Of Mao Tse-tung and Chou En-lai.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Economies Are Not Enough
Local trade and civ

Local trade and civic groups are right
In urging that the Commissioners make
every possible effort to reduce municipal
costs before moving to raise District taxes
The Commissioners and the Budget Bureau
have been doing pretty effective job along
that line in the past, judging by the protests
Of department heads affected by the budget
cuts. No doubt more trimming could be
done in some quarters without serious dam
age to the city. Unfortunately, however,
the more costly public services are of such
a nature that surgery drastic enough to
solve the citys financial crisis would be out
of the question.
For example, 70 per cent Of the cost Of
running the city during fiscal 1856 is in
seven important categories: Schools, health,
police, welfare, compensation and retire
ment expenses, fire protection, and SANTA
ton. These items lead the list of operating
costs for this year, with schools, health and
police holding 1923 positions for an expense
total Of more than half the entire cost of
operating the local government. How can
any substantial cuts be safely made in such
categories as the foregoing especially at
time when all Of them are clamoring for
more money to meet increasing demands
for more services? Perhaps there are econ
omy opportunities among the remaining
agencies, but since their total budget repre-
sents only one-flfth of the overall eXpendi-
lures by the city, the prospects of tax-easing
savings obviously are not very bright.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06

cannot safely be ignored in the field In war
time. of course. But the task force felt that
the rule could and should be modified on the
home front. The report called attention to
duplicate lines Of supply maintained by the
separate military branches in some areas.
to costly packaging practices and to ques-
tionable use of transport facilities for mo
rale" purposes The commission estimated
that annual savings of $3.50 million could
be effected by reasonable retrenchment in
the Government transportation domain.
With the cost of government rising steadily,
any opportunity to improve efficiency and
save money ought to be grasped.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Slant on Formosu

Slant on Formosu
Japan for many years was the domi-
nant power in the Far East. She has
the experience and the know-how. She
is bound to rise again. She knows better
than any other country how to keep
China in order. Her trade with China
Is vital to her existence, so that it is
unlikely she would use other than
peaceful methods to keep her quiet.
Surely our policy should be to restore
Japan to power. The situation is SINH
lar in many ways to that of Germany.
The other point is that China with
her teeming millions has suffered for
generations from too many mouths to
feed. Famine and pestilence have at
times helped the situation. The Chinese
Communists could expend million
soldiers without producing manpower
shortage-in fact it would ease some of
their worst problems. r. B. Shaw.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Buffers Stond on foxes

was interested to read that SEN
] ator Butler of Maryland says that the
proposed income tax by the District of
Columbia which would affect residents
Of Maryland who work in the District
would be discriminatory, un-American,
and triple taxation" If this statement
is true. and believe it is, why doesn't
Senator Butler help the Government
workers in Maryland who are con-
stantly being threatened by the author
tiles to pay income tax even though
they live in the District? These peo-
pie also think that such tax is dis
criminatory, un-American. and triple
taxation"
Unrepreseuted Citizen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Plight of Civil Servont

AS members of Congress 60 Easter
mentioning with pay raises in their
wallets. here's hoping they consider
the plight of the Government worker.
He gets no Easter vacation, has no
pay raise and, worse, has no hope for
any retroactive pay for time spent in
congressional shilly- shallying.
Government Workers Wife.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Veterans Pensions

According to Senate documents, a
$40-million increase in military retired
pay shows up in Section of the mill
tary pay bill, making a grand total of
about $500 million year in retired pay
cost.
This enormous increase is based on
the spurious theory that retired per-
sonnet need an incentive raise to en-
courage them to stay in retirement and
that it provides them with the same
identical percentages of incentive in
crease as active service! Except, of
course. the disability retired of under
three years service, who got per cent
raise. like myself, mostly "disowned"
nonregulars with over 60 per cent dis
ability and who are not included in
above costs, being on the Veterans
Administration budget.
A fiat, across-the-board, percentage
increase for all retired personnel would
have been more just to the public and
to the retired.
The heavily disabled, Junior nom
regular officers of World Wars and II
who were caught with short service
credits. anything under three years,
and placed upon disability retirement
got only token of per cent raise,
whereas their brother, nonregular or
regular, officers of SO months service.
got retirement incentive raises of 20-25
per cent. This is the way Section 5 of
the military pay bill works out.
Vets organizations. congressional
committees, my Representative, and
Senators, Individually, were all apprised
Of these facts of life months age.
Our paymasters, the public. should
know what goes on.
Totally Disabled.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Agile coIumnist

The facility with which Dorothy
Thompson embarks with such gertrude
and timeliness on the broadest range
of profound subjects often leaves me
aghast No less her agility with logic
and evidence-bridging so surely and
gracefully inference upon inference to
the final long leap in mailing down her
inevitably interesting and usually I'M
usual point. How cavalierly she proved
her case in her April / column that the
late President Roosevelt, whose social
and humane reforms are now vitality
embedded in our present law, was, of
course, Of the same class and ilk as
Joe Stain, in readily agreeing to the
execution of $4,000 German officers!
All this from somebody's version Of a
toast proposed at social function at
Yalta. Poor soul. she alas, her "disil-
lusionment was complete" upon the
publication of the devastating proof in
the Yalta papers. B. B. L.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any
question Of fact by writing The Evening
NV WASHINGTON 8. b C. Please
inclose cents for return POSTAGE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
Letters to TheStor !.
Pen-nanaes may be used If letters carru
1rtters' correct names and addresses
All letters are subject to condensation.

themes with courage to rally the defense
of democracy? Dean Brundage,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06

O. Can scientists accurately estimate
the age of the earth?-R. e.
A. They use what data are available
to calculate the age Of the earth. but
since new evidence is constantly &C.
cumulating their calculations are
always subject to change. In the 18th
century the earth was believed to have
existed only 5000 years. Now 1t seems
that the crust Of the earth as we know
it may be 3A to 31a billion years old, or
even older.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-06
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

O. How many eligible voters are
there in Japan and how many voted in
the last election? What is the total
population of the country?-J. G.
A. There are 40 million eligible voters,
and fully 77T of them cast ballots in
the election of February ~. 1855. the
sixth election in Japan since the end
of World War II. Women voters OUT
numbered men voters by million. Ac-
cording to government estimates,
Japan's population was 86,10O,000 In
1853.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07
Editorials . .
LET'S Not Sell Ourselves Short

Z. II. Primer, principal of the Tabor
City Schools, hit hard at one of our
greatest needs last week when he
pointed out, in letter to the editor"
that We need community center.
Everyone is aware of the need.
Some give it clip service" but that
is as far as it goes.
Usually we find the more enter
prising civic groups forging ahead
with their own plans. Unfortunately,
their needs are not great enough to ac-
commodate the entire community.
There are still some clubs without
adequate meeting facilities. The Ro-
tary, Jaycee, Civilian and Masons
could merge efforts and solve the
problem.
Rotary president Jim Huffman suy-
gested, unofficially, that members of
the various clubs could contribute
labor. Surely, there must be at least
enough foreman" material to guide
inexperienced carpenter hands.
If Rotarian Hufham's suggestion
were accepted, it would do more for
Tabor City than provide a community
center. 1t would give club members
a chance to work with one another.
The good will fostered would be
priceless.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07
Take A Stand Even II Il Hurts You

This place is a real dump. Why
don't you fix it up?"
If a visitor in your home made that
remark, your retort would probably
make his hair stand on end. OF course,
you would later take stock of the
situation and make an effort to learn
what prompted his crude remark.
On the other hand, not many folks
take the same stand for the town in
which they live. Not many people
figure it's worth the effort to take
offense at remarks made about Tabor
City.
Actually, it is worth the effort
Not to get angry but to find out what
prompted the criticism. 1t costs no.
thing to ask and chances are you NAV
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07
DISTRICT PTA MEET

The annual district conferences
of the eighth district of tho
North Carolina Congress Of
Parents and Teachers will be
held at Topsail school in Hamp-
stead, Fender county, Friday
October Z.
Registration will begin at $50
A. NJ. Lunch will be served at
the school at loo and adjourn
thereafter.
District eight is composed or
nine southeastern counties. in
Guiding New Hanover, Fender
Brunswick. Columbus, Dublin.
biaden, Cumberland. Robson
and Sampson.
Speakers will be Mrs. John w.
Crawford. State PTA president
Mrs. j. w. Burke, executive Sec
rotary. and Miss Blanche HaIey-
field secretary.
The district director will rivo
an annual report of work in the
eighth district. All parents are
urged to attend.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07
PLAIN TALK
In,
Opposed
BY AL HARRISON

"A Few complaints were heard when it became
Anown that the Tabor City Negro School had entered
the sponsors group for the Yam Festival
inns year the festival is sponsored by civic cl,b,
to eliminate the usual procedure of everyone excant
the Merchants Association making money In ~ go
the Merchants Association took a financial baat;np pos"
nave personal objections to the Negro School
beng admitted as the sixth group Not from stand
point OF one more group cutting down on the overall
take out from the peSsimistic view that this YEAR.
FESTIVAL might lose money. ~
In such case, the sponsoring clubs will foot +bi
shares of the debt. ~ ~
If the festival loses several thousand dollars T.
means each party will have to cough up four or five
hundred dollars each. VI i''e
Question: Would the Negro School be permtted
TO dIg INTO its funds for that kind of money?
100, II the Negro School is going to rarticinata
suggest they follow the the groups and throw
proceeds from all festival activities Present seup
Is Tor them to kick in proceeds from the dance if
there are any, and keep the popularity contest
money for the school,
don't see how the two projects can be separated
"hen sponsored by the same group at festival time
folks can holler discrimination if thew wish but
sucn ddnt prompt this subject If the Tabor City
Wmte school wanted to wrangle its way into the
group on those terms I'd turn thumbs down
g course, can't blame Professor Prdgen He's in
terested in his school The dance will bear some ex
pense whereas the popularity contest like money
in the bank.
County School Supt T. Ward Guy said Saturday
that a school could not make good losses on such
acVtes, thus ruling out the school active par
uclpauon IN the sponsoring group)
but my bet is he will jump early into the county
second bill. Ones gracious plenty
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07

a man who has almost out his Sunday hat
by throwing it repeatedly into local political rings
again busting the brm. The CLEAN in his eye when
we speaks of county, politics tells story.
Willard "Windy' Wright might change his mind
but my bet he will jump early into the county
commissioner Another bet is that he will make
the grade
He isn't loved by everyone in town but most who
cross swords with him do it some town business.
His heart (and most of his tme) has been in town
government for several years Even those who aren't
too fond of WINDY" take time to cast a vote for him
when town elections roll around
If the feeling prevails when county elections
roll around, ne should have little trouble getting
elected.
He hasn't asked for my vote but if he decides to
rum he count it his very own. He'll be able to
use your vote, too be thinking about it.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07

find something of value in the ex-
PLANTATION. It's worth while and if YOU
like the town in which you live, YOU
won't pass up the chance to improve
conditions.
How much nicer to hear someone in
neighboring town remark, wThose
Tabor City people are interested in
their community. If you don't believe
1t, make remark against it and
you've got some explaining to do"
1t sounds better than "Those people
aren't bit proud of the place in
which they live. No one displays the
slightest interest when visitor losses
insults
Get interested in Tabor City. You'll
be surprised how much pride it in
stills.
Tabor City tribune. (Tabor City, N.C.) 1946-1991, 1955-10-07

Bascay there is difference between the two
The thing that keeps the classes separated is the fact
that the poor can find many things for which to
spend money while the rich finding equal
number of things which to make money.
~ I've always appreciated the rich mans position
If it weren't for his money where would be when
! ask the bank for loan? In you thought
of it, the money you borrow at banks seldom belongs
to the poor man.
lot Of folks know how to live within their income
But most of have hard time living within
credit.
Truth of the matter is that don't like to have
any money left when finish paying my bills at
We first of the month. Always keeps me in constant
worry that I've overlooked someone and will get a
second bill. Onesa gracious plenty.
CHIEF EPPS FUMBLED ONE PLAY
Everyone who watched the school safety patrol
men directing traffic at the first home football game
had a feeling of pride.
10 and behold, the next day Saturday the
youngsters whistle footing" in the middle of
town. 1t gave them good experience. They got first
Mand look at of the craziest driving in the
country.
Personal opinion: They were out Of place trying
to direct traffic In the business district