davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03

just far enough to whet further
his dream of new worlds, of the
fantasy and beauty and majesty
of that which is beyond the be.
yond.
This hitherto largely impene-
trable beyond" is the territory
which lies between the South
Pole and the Weddell Sea. which
is roughly south of Africa. All
successful expeditions to the pole
the land trek of Amundsen and
Scott and Admiral Byrd's own
flights-all have been from the
opposite side of the continent.
the shore of the Ross Sea, which
which is roughly south of New
Zealand.
Ended In Disaster
The one expedition which tried
to penetrate far into the CONT
nent from the Weddell Sea side.
that of Sir Ernest Shackleton
ended in disaster. The pole itself
has been about the limit to
which aircraft from the Bay OF
Whales could go and get back
Sometimes in the last decade
Admiral Byrd's dream has faded
He has encountered many dis
couragements. But never has he
abandoned the vision of pos
sible unknown Himalayas. warm
| GASES, moon valleys south Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03

command the q. S. Interna-
tional Geophysical year ex-
petitions to the Antarctic has
just been announced by Presi-
dent Eisenhower.
Next November, Admiral Byrd
will start out on his fifth ex-
petition to the ice-covered con-
tinent of Antarctica-six million
square miles of the earth's sur
face where no human ever was
born and nobody ever has lived
more than a year at time.
Many Discoveries
At least half of all that is
known about the region is due
to his discoveries. He has viewed
about a million square miles no
man ever had looked on before.
He is specifically credited with
discovery of three of the earth's
great mountain ranges and has
reported three of four others.
The other geographical features
which he has placed on the
map are too numerous to men
ton.
But always before him has
stretched the white wilderness
of nearly complete mystery. the
lands south" of the South Pole.
On his last flight over the pole
in 1947 he was able to penetrate
this vast unknown a little ways :
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03

A surprise test alert to deter
mine the speed and efficiency
with which Army and Air Ma
tional Guard units in more than
2,400 communities can be mobil-
lied in an emergency is sched-
uled for the near future.
The Defense Department said
last night the -alert-first to be
conducted on a national scale
would be held on a secret date
at an undisclosed time in order
to put to effective test the plans
of all Guard organizations.
1t emphasized Operations
Minuteman." would be a test
only.
The National Guard Bureau
will set the day and hour. Adju-
tants General of the District,
States and Territories will be
notified to turn out their units.
To Be Evaluated
Results of the operation, with
emphasis on the time required
to mobilize personnel to man
equipment and move out on
emergency missions. will be
studied and evaluated.
In the case Of the Air Guard,
emphasis will be on the speed
with which the 81 tactical
squadrons can assemble the pilots
and ground crews required to
put combat-ready planes in the
air.
| Where anti-aircraft units al
ready are occupying sites with
equipment in place. members OF
these units will assemble at the
gun sites and make their weapons
operational.
The ground units have a totaI
strength of 340.628 officers ano
enlisted men and are building
toward $4,000 by June 30. They
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03
Churchill Off April Il
For Sicily Vacation;
May Resign tuesday

LONDON, April 2 (P.-Prime
Minister Churchill will leave for
a vacation in Sicily April IL. his
aides reported tonight. All Brit
ain believes it will be his first
real taste Of retirement after re-
signing the premiership some
time next week.
Aides said the 80 year old
statesman plans "just to sit in
the sun" for his first long rest
in months
A spokesman at 10 Downing
ST., Sir Winston's official resi-
dence, denied reports the Prime
| Minister had put back his To-day
trip by three days because OF
| the illness of his friend Viscount
Bridport. whom he plans to visit
at Catania. Sicily.
Will Fly to Catania
This is the first official indi-
cation of the Prime Ministers
departure date" the spokesman
said.
There have been reports in
the press he was leaving April 9,
but these have never been con-
/ firmed by this Office.
1.-THE Prime Minister planned
this visit some weeks ago, but
until today the date was never
! finally set. He wants to spend
the Easter weekend in London. u
Sir Winston is expected to fly
to Catania April IL and Their
motor to Siracusa. where he will
stay at the Villa Politi in a suite
overlooking the sea.
Resignation Near
| Meanwhile, opinion hardened
in this newspaperless capital thai
the Prime Minister will ster
down next week-probably Tues.
day.
Current belief is that he viii
inform Queen Elizabeth II Of
his intention to resign when she
and the Duke of Edinburgh dine
at No. 10 next Monday night
The next morning he is expected
to hand the resignation formally
to the queen at Buckingham
Palace.
His successor is virtually Ger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03
Vast, Bleak UnknownBeyond South Pole
Beckons to America Leading Explorer

pole" The Geophysical Year
program now makes the dream
almost certain of realization with
a major American base to be set
up. according to present plans.
at the pole itself. From such a
base it win be relatively easy to
make not only flights but over
land expeditions into the un-
known.
Admiral Byrd is associating
with him in this enterprise a
group of experienced Antarctic
veterans-such men as Capt.
George E. Dufek. commander of
the western task force of the
1946-47 expedition, and the in
trepid ice-breaker commander,
Capt. Charles Thomas, perhaps
the most experienced ice navi-
gator living.
Practical Reasons
There are practical reasons
for the projected expeditions.
Admiral Byrd points out, which
makes them well worth the cost
and effort-scientific researches
which will explain many mys-
teries of the worlds weather,
determination of possible re-
sources, knowledge of geography
which is becoming more and
more essential. as the worlds
size shrinks
But one can't help feeling that
such things are quite secondary
in the mind of Admiral Byrd
For above and beyond them all
in the mind OF the explorer as
it was above and beyond them
all in the minds of Scott, Peary,
Livingstone, Stanley. probably
Columbus-ls the. unknown fol-
the sake of the unknown. the
unknown which extends fore
ever and forever beyond mans
imaginings.
Perhaps Admiral Byrd would
deny this. He seems a little sem
sitive these days about sugges-
lions that he is impractical
Actually. as everybody who knows
him says, he is extremely practi-
cal. a meticulous planner who
takes few risks, especially with
government property or the
lives Of his command.
| But all this seems secondary
| to the admiral's shining dream
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03

tain to be Foreign Secretary Sir
Anthony Eden.
II the expected change-ovel
follows normal pattern, Sir Win
ston will recommend his success
sor formally to the Queen when
he turns in his resignation. The
Queen will send for Sir Anthony
and ask him to form a new gov
eminent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03
Fifth Byrd Expedition
To Get Underway in
November This Yeor
BY THOMAS r. HENRY

There is vast unknown "be-
yond the pole"
It consists of two or three
million miles of the earth's sur
face about which less Is known
than about the surface of Mars,
and far less than about the sur
face of the moon.
This is a major goal which
beckons to Americas foremost
explorer, Rear Admiral Richard
E. Byrd, whose appointment to
Mr.. Henry The Stars science editor.
accompanied AdmWol Byrd to the
South PoIor regions and also has
written widely about the North Pole.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03
Has the Most to Offer
in Fuel Oil Delivery
and Repair Facilities?

Griffith Consumers the largest facilities in the for
heating shortages
Griffith fuel Why prevent the risk
of running out?
fleet both OF oil
delivery COAL What's radio dispatched which
help customer in heating from truck
out of our large fleet, operating nearby.
the There 24hour
delivery halasep
get your ready waiting time
Griffith exclusively the three vital just mentioned In
addition Griffith offered by OF the
other oil delivery tank full meted
system delivered hon and delivery COAL
charge accounts, budget payments etc.
We will be glad the statements herein fuel Also we are
sending another burner You have
the choice which
available
available
sufficiently the d. G. finish
reading this S8
be sen for yourco
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-03

Let Us Be Your Warm Friend
Call Us at Metropolitan 8-484O
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

Speeding on U. S. streets
and highways last year killed
1880 men, women and
children.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
Olsen Protests 8O-Acre Well
Spacing; Says Commission
Lacks Power or Authority

Attorney General Arnold H. OF.
sen protested a proposal for state.
wide 80 acre oil well spacing, in
a brief filed with the Oil and
Gas Conservation Commission
last week.
The proposed rule would pro-
hibit more than one oil well on
any 80 acre tract OF land unless
a specific exception is granted
by the Commission. A public
hearing on the subject was held
March 7 in Helena.
Olsen's main contention is that
the Commission has no legal
power to lay down any statewide
rule.
THE Oil and Gas conser.
walton Commission has no
power or authority to make
or enforce any statewide
we'll spacing regulation. and
any such regulation, IL made.
would be unlawful and void"
he said.
The attorney generals brief
was filed on behalf of "the state
and people of Montana, particu-
larly landholders who were not
represented at the hearing"
"A general, statewide spacing
rule of any nature would inter-
fere with the landowners free
use of his own land and achieve
no compromising advantage for
him or for the state. On the con-
trary, such a rule would remove
the only protection that a land
owner has in dealing with an op-
erator-the right to enforce the
drilling obligations of the lease.
1t would leave the land owner
tied to a contract which he can
not enforce, but which could be
enforced against him on his own
property" Olsen said.
1.-THE rights in issue in this
proceeding and the only rights
which would be adversely affect
ed by the proposed rule are
rights of land owners. The hear
ings on March z, 1855, were at
tended by few representatives of
the thousands of people who
would be most affected by the
proposed rule"
Il believe the issue is entirely
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

one of land owners rights and
should be considered as such"
Olsen commended that the legis.
lature gave the commission pow
er to make rules only where nee
essary in the interest of conser-
walton, and then only when based
upon conditions prevailing in the
particular pool.
Conservation is wise use of
land. In some oil fields wise use,
lie. recovery of the maximum
quantity of oil, has been effect
ed by as little as three acre spac-
ing. Thus, in such an oil pool a
land owner is entitled to a we'll
for each three acre space. In
other localities ten acre spacing
RECEIVERS the maximum amount of
oil and there land owner is en-
titled to one we'll from each ten
acre space.
Therefore, a statewide spac-
ing rule is not good conservation
or wise use. Each oil pool must
be judged separately. An eighty
acre spacing rule would Just
serve as a poor and unlawful
alibi for the lease holder to deny
the land owner production from
the spacing he is entitled to.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
Published
From the Atoaneys for the lre1aR Committee

the cancelled checks. Then, too,
who can say how much each per.
son has received in the form of
funeral grants, funeral loans,
medical grants, medical loans,
emergency loans, educational
loans, agricultural loans, relief
and welfare, livestock loans, mis-
cellaneouS grants, etc. Who can
say how many of us have bene-
fitted from Tribal operations
through the assignments of land,
exchanges of land with the Tribe,
and leasing of land at the mini
mum rental in order that our
economic progress be fastened
even though it meant loss in
income to other members of the
Tribe Some of the very people
who say 81 have only received
$4,000 from the Tribal Council
since 1885, have received a maj
or part of their start in the stock
business, farming, etc, from some
program financed and sponsored
by the Blackfeet Tribal Council
and these same people are no
doubt receiving benefits in some
form or other from the Tribe
right at the present time. Why
do you make such statements?
Are you being mis-led?
We cannot answer the part of
your letter referring to the atti-
tudes and statements of Mr.. Ar
thur Lazarus, Jr. But we GER
tainly think that if he committed
himself to the support of this bill
under certain conditions when the
Tribal Council itself has not taken
any action on the bill, then he
should be called upon to explain
his actions. AS we have said be-
fore, he has agreed to act at the
direction of the Blackfeet Tribal
Council
And now, our attorney friends,
suppose this bill does go through
and the minerals owned by the
Tribe are given to a lucky few.
Who will provide for the basic
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

managing this land Gin the alb
sence of specific authority from
the allottee to do SOY and the
management and supervision
rests with the Bureau of Indian
Affairs. Is this statement of
yours some more double talk?
We will say, Mr.. Bonner, that
during the time you served as
Governor of the State of Mon
tana, you seemed to have the in
terests of the. Indian at heart. But
why change now? Is paltry
retainers fee changing your policy
or are you being mis-led by those
who do not have the interests of
the Indians at heart?
We agree with you that Sena-
tor Murray would never intro
duce bill which would be detri-
mental to "our Indian friends"
of his own accord. Perhaps that
is why he specifically noted that
he introduced S. 1919 by Re-
quest" thus not committing him.
self to support the bill. We are
confident that when the good
Senator realizes that this bill is
just another subterruge to pro-
mote the liquidation of Indian
reservations he will promptly
withdraw any support he may
have given the bill and will use
the facilities of his office to de-
feat it.
You state in your letter that
approximately $4,000 a piece"
has been received by the Indians
from an income of 100000
since 1886. If $425.OO per capita
payments alone is approximate
ly $4,000 a piece" then you are
right. If not, then this is an I'M
truth. Any member of the Tribe
will tell you that since 1912 alone
they have received directly, in
the form of per capita payments,
at least $42500. To those who
will not admit it for personal rea-
sons, we are sure the proper Of
ficials will be glad to show them
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

for them?" 1t was probably then
that Congress decided that the
minerals to land allotted in 1919
would be reserved for future
generations. But Congress was not
as generous to the future gener-
atoms as it was to those liv-
ing at the time of the 1919 allot-
ments of land, for they provided
that these minerals would be
owned equally by all members of
the tribe regardless of whether
or not they had received an
allotment of land under the 1907
or 1919 acts. This is property we
all own and yet you want it taken
from us and given to lucky few.
Why, oh wise white brothers,
why?
You state in your letter that
Senate Bill 1919 would not in
terfere with the Tribal lands"
Surely, being able attorneys, you
know that the Supreme Court of
the United States has ruled that
these very mineral rights are
Tribal lands, thus giving the State
of Montana the right to tax them
in the same manner as other non
Indian lands as far as oil taxes
are concerned. Is this, then, an
other attempt to confuse men,
bers of the Tribe because you re-
ceive your Lucrative retainer"
from few selfish private inter.
eStS?
Then you say that the state
ment of the present value of each
member of the Tribes interest in
Tribal property refers to the al
lotted lands and this goes to the
management of the Tribal Coun-
Gil" Surely you must have read
the constitution of the Blackfeet
Tribe and the Act of June 10,
1884 (48 Stat. 984) under which
this constitution was adopted. If
you haven't, then ask any men,
Der of the Blackfeet Tribe "Who
manages allotted land and the
income from these lands?" They
will tell you that the Tribal Coun-
Gil is expressly prohibited from
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
St. Louis Man Father
Of One-FamiIy Ball Team

Manager Joe Orlando Sr. is like
a father to his baseball team. In
fact, the IL players are his sons.
The one-family team, averag-
ing nearly 200 pounds a man,
will play in a St. Louis area
Public Parks Baseball League.
All bat and throw righthanded
Only one smokes.
Papa Joe has his boys work
ing out three times week. First
baseman Bonnie, the head of the
squad at IS, already has melted
from 282 to 265 pounds.
Two of the leading hitters,
catcher John and second base
man Pete, are 18-year-old twins.
They were $3.50 hitters at Rite
nour High here, and John is an
all-around athlete at Southern
Illinois University.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

emergency needs of the unlucky
majority? What chance will
they have to further their edu-
cations, for example, above the
high school level? Ask the many
members of our Tribe who are
school teachers or other profess
sional people and who have re-
ceived their educations with the
help of Tribal funds derived from
these minerals, what chance
they would have of getting an
education if it weren't for the aid
of Tribal Councils. Where will
the money come from for burials
of members of the Tribe in hard
ship cases, emergency illnesses
of members of the Tribe, glasses
for needy school children, aid to
the hot lunch program in the
schools for those needy members
of not "a Indian blood or more,
stock loans, and all the other ben
efits this Tribal income from
these minerals now provides?
Will these lucky members who
are made gift of the minerals
dig down in their pockets and
share with the unlucky majority?
Or will you be a good Samaritan
and help provide these funds
from the retainer fees you col
lect for helping to have them
taken away from less fortunate
members of the Tribe.
We know you will answer these
questions because you said you
would in your letter of March
%, 1855, to the Glacier Reporter
And you have the best interests
of the Tribe at heart
We do not agree that majority
of the members of the Council
are in favor of the bill as writ
ten or any bill which would take
away our Tribal income These
men were elected because ma
jority of the members of the
Tribe felt that they would pro-
tect the interests of ALL of us
and not sell us out to a selfish
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

few. We feel that when it comes
to a showdown they will prove
this to everyone.
Another question, our attorney
friends. Why do you continue to
confuse members of the Tribe?
You did we'll enough to create
general confusion by writing petit
tons for the Mineral Rights Com
mittee which no one could I'M
derstand and which were easy to
misrepresent to members of the
Tribe as they contained two I'M
related issues; and which, we
think. was only an attempt to
provide a means whereby these
lucky people could be paid all
money collected on the land re-
ceived by the Tribe in the past
without including this retroactive
clause in the bill itself in the
event it passed Congress. Do
you intend to continue this con-
fusion in the future? Or will you
stick to the facts?
The pattern in trying to sell
this piece of legislation, S. 1919,
to the Blackfeet Tribe is the same
as that used to bring about the
fall of other, more stable govern
ments than the present govern
ment of the Blackfeet Tribe -
create general confusion, plant
the seeds of doubt in the minds
of the people regarding the in
tegrity of their government, then
repeat the big lie so often that
people finally begin to believe it.
One final question, my friends
We ask that any of the supporters
of S. 1919 tell us why this bill
was good for us or why it would
benefit the Blackfeet Tribe as a
whole. Do we get such state
ment of fact? Or will we continue
to get a lot of double talk and
miS-statementS? If we cannot be
furnished such a statement, then
we must assume that one doesn't
exist and this is just another at
tempt to sell the majority of the
members of the Tribe down the
river
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15

In closing your letter, Mssrs.
Bonner and Mahan, you stated
that you would be glad to answer
any questions propounded to
(you) by your Indian friends"
Well, we would like to open this
letter by asking you, our lawyer
friends, this question; why don't
you stick to the truth in your
attempts to sell a bill of goods to
the majority of the members
of the Blackfeet Tribe?"
The second paragraph of your
letter is a statement of fact which
l am sure will be agreed to by
every member of the Tribe,
especially the statement that In
dams have the right to hold
property and the right of inherit
ance." This is the basic right we
are trying to preserve for our
selves and our children. All of us,
not just a few, have a share in
the ownership of the minerals
which you whould have taken
away from us and given to
privileged few. This property was
reserved for us by a Congress
which had an eye to the future.
Let's review, briefly, the history
of allotments of land on the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation.
First, in 1907, Congress allotted
to 1856 Indians Chen the entire
membership of the Blackfeet
Tribe), 800 acres ofaland and the
mineral rights thereto. Then in
1919 the membership of the Tribe
had increased to such an extent
as to warrent the allotment of
land to these new members and
80 additional acres of land to the
older members. In making these
additional allotments, evidently
an act of God prompted men,
Der of Congress to ask himself
and his colleagues, IF all this
property is given to those men,
bers now living, what of future
generations? What will there be
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
BROWNING BAPTIST

Bible Study pm. every Tues
day evening at the Browning
Bank Annex. Pastor LIST Babtist
Church of Cut Bank, Teacher All
interested may attend.
Starr School Bible Study 7:3O
pm. every Wednesday at Starr
School. Teacher is DR.. King.
Bible Study Craft Glass at
Starr School $50 pm. every
Wednesday for teen age young
people.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
CHURCHES

LITTLE FLOWER CHURCH
Rev. A. IA. D. Gillian, Pastor
Sunday Masses:
Boarding School 7:3O am.
Browning 900 am. and 1890
am.
Sunday school Immediately af-
ter 9 o'clock Mass.
Weekday Mass at Browning at
7:30 am.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
BROWNING METHODIST
CHURCH
Ceorqe s. Ritchey, Pastor

Friday: Choir practice at 4 pm.
Sunday: Sunday School at 9:45
am. Glasses for all ages. Morning
worship service at II am. Nursery
for the tiny tots during the wor-
ship hour.
Wednesday: Sunday School
Board meeting at the home of
Mrs. Charlotte Bridges at 7:3O
pm. Officers and teachers of the
Sunday School are urged to be
present.
Thursday: Membership and
Evangelism Commission of the
Church will meet in the church
basement at 7:30 pm. All mem
bers are urged to be present.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-04-15
CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST
OF lATTER.DAY SAINTS

Sunday school az ~ am. at Cut
Bank Boarding school.
Sacrament meeting 11:3O am.
at Cut Bank Boarding school.
Fireside at 7:30 pm.
Tuesday-Relief Society at 7:3O
pm. Priesthood at 8 pm.