davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Leqend of Ancient Troy RetoId

posals. 1t is argued that the
talks will ease tension and
bring forth some plan to deal
with the Russian aggreSSors.
Unfortunately every time
these Russian proposals are
examined critically, cries are
heard that those spokesmen
in allied countries who are
diStrustful of the .Soviets must
necessarily favor a preventive
war. But no war is needed to
establish superiority, because
the Russians today are weak
both from a military and an
economic standpoint. Natu-
rally, they want to catch up
industrially, so they are seek
ing more trade with the West,
especially in strategic goods.
They also want to build more
armament but they lack the
machinery, so they want to
import it from the West. They
are anxious to get inside the
Western wall by peace talks
so that at the end Of a few
years of so-called breathing
spell, the West will be stand
ing still in the armament race
while the Russians will have
closed the gap and placed
themselves in a position
to resume at any time
their aggression, especially in
Europe.
To disarm the West mill
tarily and ! politically, the
SovietS are planning to offer
what will look like concessions.
Military men everywhere on
the Western side are disturbed.
The policy-making civilians
are cautious, but public opin-
ion is being crystallized in
favor of more and more con-
cessions without any corre-
spending evidence of good
faith.
There is only one way the
world can be safe for democ-
racy-and that is by getting
rid of autocratic and dicta-
torial governments. This can
be done by holding firm on
the present front line and
encouraging the oppressed peo-
pies, including the Russian
people, to overthrow the rulers
who menace the peace of the
world. Disarmament, there
fore, is a dangerous game, and
the legend of Troy applies
more today than it has at any
time since ancient days.
Reproduction Rights ReservedI
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Truman Asks No Fuvors of Party

the rank and file of his party
than the other "ex" of today
- Herbert Hoover - does
among the rank and file of
his, the Republican, Party.
Mr.. Hoover never excited the
same warmth among the
party rank and file after he
left the White House, nor in
deed before. Instead he was
elevated to the more aloof
and dignifled role of elder
statesman and never mixed
much in the practical politics
OF his party. nor did he get
down to the earthly sort of
campaigning for which Harry
Truman has become famous.
Nobody ever shouted Herb"
or "Herby" at him. as they call
out Harry" to the Democratic
ex-President.
We may expect to see Harry
Truman in his familiar cam
paign role in the coming
months. From his speech in
Portland, Oreg., last Saturday
night, we may expect him to
carry the fight against Presi-
dent Eisenhower, at least until
most other party leaders aban-
don their present hands-off
attitude toward the Republican
President He obviously will
make himself available for the
front-line battling, that is, in
campaigns for members of
Congress At Portland, he was
giving a hand in the re-elec-
ton campaign of Senator
Wayne Morse, one time Re-
publican and now a registered
Democrat, which is already
under way nearly a year and
a half ahead of the 1856 elec-
ton.
The appearance in the Pa
cific Northwest gave the for
mer President an opportunity
to strike a blow for something
very close to his heart-the
public power program which
has been so great a boon to
the Northwest-and to warn
how it is threatened with de-
struction by powerful utility
Evening star., 1955-06-14

paying the price Of neutrality
for the unity of the former
Reich. There are indications
that the USSR will in the end
agree to dissolve the Com
muniSt East German govern
ment and permit the reunion
of Eastern and Western Ger
many into one political entity.
This is based not on the belief
that the Kremlin has be-
come "magnanimous" under
the present directorate. or
that the Lenin-Stalin doctrine
to establish the Red hegemony
over the free world has been
abandoned. The USSR needs
Germany's cooperation for
the fulfillment of its plans.
Despite the many flve-year
plans and the Soviet success
in building up its spectacular
armament, the USSR is still
backward industrially. While
Germany and her present
allies will soon be keen COM
petitors for world markets,
there is no likelihood of such
a conflict of interests with
Russia. Economically Germany
and Russia complement each
other. Germany has know
how; Russia has vast quanti-
ties of raw materials.
Traditionally Germany and
Russia, from the days of Bis
,marck to Hitler, have been
close to each other. After 1871
Bismalck's policy of "re-
insurance" enabled the Reich
to become the balance wheel
between the Western powers
and the Russian empire. Pow
er politics resulting in the
Triple Alliance in 1911 de-
stroyed that position. After
World War I this policy was
resumed under the Weimar
republic and resulted in the
treaties Of Rapallo in 1922
and Berlin in 1926. They were
the result of Germany being
politically weak and the So
Wet Union economically weak.
The Putiloff arsenals near
Leningrad, at a time when
Germany was forbidden to
manufacture heavy military
equipment, produced the pro-
totypes of the modern German
arms Hitler used in World
War II. And within 20 years
after the treaty of Versailles,
Hitler and Stain signed a for
NAL alliance without which
the German dictator could not
have launched World War II.
There is no likelihood of
another Hitler arising in Ger
many in the foreseeable fu-
ture. But the Kremlin knows
the value of Germany and
might go a long way to assure
its economic and industrial
cooperation.
The Kremlin now faces the
accomplished fact of Ger
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Catholics Lose
Belgian Vote

BRUSSELS, Belgium, June IA
P.-The Belgian House of Rep
resentatives last night voted, ILL.,
4, to approve the controversial
government bill to cut state aid
to Roman Catholic schools.
The chambers 95 Catholic $50
cial Christian) Party members
boycotted the ballot and walked
out in protest.
The bill now goes to the Sem
ate, where the Socialist-Liberal
government coalition also has a
majority.
Between 10000 and 100000
Catholics marched on Brussels
last March to protest the legisla-
ton. The government banned
the demonstration and in the
ensuing clashes between the
police and demonstrators, about
40 persons were injured and 81
were jailed briefly.
After the Catholic walkout
yesterday. Socialist Premier
Achille Van Acker denied that
the bill was intended as ar
attack on the church. The
Socialists contend that the 1880
81 Social Christian government
increased aid to church schools
disproportionately.
About $4,000 of Belgium's
1,646,000 school children attend
church schools. Last year the
government gave state schools
the equivalent of about $17C
million and private schools
mostly Catholic, about 90 mil
lions. The government report
edly plans to trim its support OF
the church institutions about SIS
million.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
High Court Justices and Congress Also
Will Have to Fend for Selves in Big Test


as the only solution to nuclear
attack.
The legislative branch has
literally no place to go. It has
appeared to feel from the be-
ginning that. as one observer
put 1t it is as immune to
bombing as it is to traffic
tickets.
1t will underscore it's massive
apathy by meeting as usual
during the test. 1t will be
unseIfishly debating appropri-
ations for the executive branch
while that branch finds its
hideaways.
Fol the purposes of the test,
Vice President Nixon, who pre-
sides over the Senate, plans to
consider himself a member of
the legislative branch; per-
haps at the moment he rates
the H-bomb danger behind the
possibility that the Democrats
might come up with some bill
on which he could break a tie
in favor of his party.
Washington is compelled to
take the congressional line
because it is governed by Con-
gress 1t has neither money
nor powers for a real dispersal
program. Yet it covers less than
100 square miles, all of it well
within the radius OF nuclear
destruction and the dangerous
fall-out. Unless Congress
drastically revises its attitude,
the city's million residents will
have to take their chances.
Evening star., 1955-06-14

Every so often a situation
arises in this great Capital
which convinces observers all
over again that American
democracy will perish in a
relatively short time or else
live forever.
The present case in point is
a civil defense test taking
place from Wednesday to
Friday. 1t is designed to
evacuate $4,000 key officials
and employees, including the
President, to secret operating
bases within 300 miles of the
Capital.
This partial dispersal is of
course designed to meet a
situation which could literally
be vital. But two branches of
the U. S. Government of
divided powers are being left
out of it entirely. So is the
city of Washington, which has
furnished a home for the Fed
eral establishment throughout
its existence.
Marshals of the Supreme
Court have vainly asked the
Office of Defense Mobiliza-
tion for directions to pass on
to the nine justices. So far,
the justices, like the average
Washingtonian, will just have
to save themselves if they can.
They have a shelter which
offered at least hope in the
atomic era but the hydrogen
bomb fall-out has out-dated
1t. Now dispersal is regarded
Evening star., 1955-06-14
He's Had His Fill of Running for office;
Will Not Try Political Comeback

He was still regarded as a po-
tential candidate for the 1920
nomination when he died in
1919. William Jennings Bryan's
reign as party boss was even
longer. Not only did he run
twice as Democratic candidate
in 1900 and 1908-after his
first defeat in 1896, but there
after he continued the single
most powerful figure in his
party for many years. He was
responsible for the Woodrow
Wilson nomination at the 1912
Baltimore convention, break
ing the deadlock with Speaker
of the House Champ Clark, and
in 1924, a year before his death
in the summer of 1925, he was
active in the Madison Square
Garden convention and forced
upon the party the nomination
of his brother, Gov. Charles w.
Bryan of Nebraska, as vice
presidential candidate with
John w. Davis, who died a few
weeks ago.
During the lex" years of
the two strong figures, the
question in both parties was:
Whats Bryan going to do?
What's TR going to do?" Both
always were there, in the
background. Both were vex-
ing problems to bewildered
party leaders.
Mr.. Truman is not in that
category, at least thus far,
though he has very positive
ideas about the 1856 candidate
--Adlai Stevenson. He is,
rather, the champion and
spokesman Of the party rank
and file, and more so than
either Theodore Roosevelt or
William Jennings Bryan in
their Eek" periods, though
each of those had sizable and
devoted followings until their
deaths.
Harry Truman evokes
closer personal interest among
Evening star., 1955-06-14
DORIS FLEEsoN
CDLeuves Out D. T.. Residents

Besides having no place to
go, Congress has not made
plans either for its own sue
cesSion or for a meeting place
in case of an attack. Its whole
attitude has been fatalistic in
the best Arab manner.
What the approaching test
can do in some measure is to
furnish an idea of how prac-
ticable the present arrange
ments are for the executive
branch. They are said to be
quite intensive and complex.
Even so, as matters stand,
unless the executive branch
got an advance warning not
transmitted also to Congress,
the court and the city of
Washington, its chances of
reaching its hideaways can
not be described as good. Once
an attack appeared imminent
and word got out, everybody
would start for the hills and
the exits would be correspond
ingly jammed. 1t is hard to be-
lieve that the general popula-
ton would ever be far behind
the first Government limou-
sines spled racing toward the
countryside.
United States Civil Defense
officials have gotten little at
tention at home and their
stats are little better than
skeleton organizations. But
they have travelled widely here
and in Europe studying what
has been done and what might
be accomplished. Perhaps the
new test. even if it has it's
ludicrous aspects, will shake
the public indifference.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Krenlin Sees Germany as an Ally When
Economic Competition Gets Under Way

Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
is in the United States as an
equal Of the Big Four to talk
over with President Eisen-
hover not only Germany's
problems but also to advise us
on world matters.
Ten years ago when Wash.
lngton was preparing for an
other confidence at the sum-
mit-the Big Four gathering
at Potsdam-Germany was a
crushed country. The betting
was that it would be many
generations before she could
rise again. On top of the ter
rifle devastation caused by the
war, we were ready to start
enforcing the Harry Dexter
White program of making the
former highly industrialized
Reich into a COW pasture. This
plan is commonly known as
the Morgenthau plan although
the former Secretary of the
Treasury did nothing more
than put his signature on it.
Hitler's crimes had to be
paid for in full by the German
people regardless of their guilt.
Our industrial allies in West
ern Europe were licking their
chops. While they accepted
the "Morgenthau" plan reluc-
family. their greatest competi-
tor was to be permanently
eliminated. The German in
dustrial establishments which
had not been destroyed by the
war were dismantled and sent
to the USSR, Britain and
France. Even toothbrush and
soap factories were designated
as capable of manufacturing
strategic materials and shipped
to the victors. German scien-
lists were treated as chattel
and divided among the victo-
riouS powers-with Russia gar
nering the largest number.
The Kremlin's aggressive pol
icies shocked the free Western
world and caused it to mend
its tremendous mistakes.
The blunderS at PotSdam
were corrected as soon as we
realized that Germany must be
restored as a world power.
BY unprecedented human
effort the Germans in the
Western area, under the
friendly eye of the allies and
especially the United States,
staged an unbelievable come
back. Germany has not only
returned to the fold of the
free world as an equal but has
also become the greatest power
in Europe. This must not be
measured in military terms, as
Germany is still completely un-
armed. But in political wis
dom and economic progress
she Is unquestionably ahead.
Germany's factories are
belching smoke six days a week
and producing wares which are
rapidly displacing those of her
victors of 10 years ago both in
South America and Europe.
There have been no major
strikes in Western Germany
since it began to stage its
economic and political re-
covery. The West Germans
seem to have a better realiza-
tion of the real interests of
capital and labor than in any
other free country including
our own.
There seems to be little
doubt that politically Germany
will not abandon the demo-
cratic bloc and neither Chan
cellor Adenauer nor his po-
litical opponents will consider
Evening star., 1955-06-14
DAVID LAWRENCE

Surveying the many puzzling
developments in the world sit
uation today-the moves by
the SovietS looking toward dis
armament and the coming
four-power conference "at the
summit is the time to
tell over again the legend of
ancient Troy.
History relates that they
once had a cold war" between
the Greeks and the Trojans.
At least there had been no
fighting for ten years. Then
all of a sudden the Greeks
withdrew their army and their
fleet and pretended to be
abandoning the siege of Troy.
The Greeks had built a large
wooden horse which they
brought to the gates of Troy.
Of course, it excited great
curiosity. 1t was described by
the Greeks as a peace offer
ing"
The gullible Trojans finally
were persuaded that peaceful
coexistence was possible, and
they let the horse be drawn in
side their wall. Then during
the night when the Trojans
were asleep the Greek troops
who had been concealed inside
the horse stole out, opened the
city gates to the Greek army
which rushed into Troy. They
slaughtered the surprised Tro-
jams, who were easily con-
quered.
Today the big move is on
to get the troops of the United
States to withdraw from
Europe under the pretense
that the Soviet armies will
also De WltnQraWn from Cne
occupied areas. The Red
armies can move back just a
few hundred miles and be
outside of every satellite state.
But once American divisions
have been withdrawn 5000
miles away to the United
States, and the Western coun-
tries have agreed to a dis
armament plan, the Soviets
can come back quickly from
their hiding places into the
middle of Europe and conquer.
The fact is there is no sure
way to enforce any disarma-
ment plan-to make sure it is
Evening star., 1955-06-14
u. N. Notes U. S. Lag,
Europe Rise in Autos

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y,
June II (P.-The United Ma
tions reported yesterday that
automobile production last year
fell IL per cent in the United
States and Canada while rising
almost 81 per cent in Western
Europe.
Its monthly statistical bull
letin for June said the net re-
suit was that world production,
Communist countries excluded,
dropped 3 per cent to 9,644.000
vehicles, against a 1850 high
of more than 10 million.
West Germany boosted its out
put nearly 40 per cent in 1854;
ousted France from third place
in automobile manufacture, and
displaced the United States as
second largest exporter of pas
Senger cars, behind Britain,
Evening star., 1955-06-14
THOMAS L. STOKES

Harry Truman seems likely
to occupy a unique role in
our politics as an Tex"
He is. as we know, the only
Democratic ex-President in
this century who has been ac-
tive politically after he left the
White House. There have been
only two other Democratic
Presidents since 1900. Wood
row Wilson was an invalid
during the three years he lived
after his retirement. Franklin
D, Roosevelt died in Office.
When you cast back into
fairly recent history. there are
two men who stand out as
dynamic figures in politics in
their lex" periods. One was a
Republican, Theodore Roose-
welt, who made a futile come
back try as head of a third
party in 1912 after being
President from 1901 to 1909.
The other was a Democrat,
William Jennings Bryan, who
was never President, of course,
but tried so often-being thrice
the candidate - that he was
just as well known as any
President of his time.
Unlike those two, Harry Tru-
man is not seeking anything
else from his party. He is
not running for anything,
President or any other Office.
He's had his fill of that. So he
does not loom over his party
as did those two Strong-minded
and strong-willed men-virtual
idols to some they were, and a
bother to others.
Theodore Roosevelt broke
with his hand-picked success
sor, William Howard Taft. He
led the independent Bull
Moose Party against President
Taft. the regular Republican
candidate, in the three-cor-
nered race that Woodrow Will
son, the Democrat, won in 1912.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Disarmament and Coexistence Called
Trojan Horses West Must Eye Closely

being honestly kept by the
Russians. In the period i'm
mediately after World War I.
Germany was disarmed by a
written treaty. Today Ger
man military experts tell in
detail how the treaty was cir
cumvented and an army built
that could be called into mo-
bilization with great ease.
No plan that offers to reduce
armament on both sides to-
day is worth the paper it is
written on because there is no
way to guarantee the good
faith of the rulers in the
Kremlin. All plans hitherto
for minute inspection of plants
and factories inside Soviet
Russia have been rejected by
the Communists. The latest
Russian plan to be sure con-
cedes that huge centers of
military concentration in their
area will be open to interna-
tional inspection. But this is
only a ruse to conceal by other
means the manner of distrib-
uting troops and weapons.
Military men of the West
have examined the latest Rus
sian proposals and find them
deceptive. Alongside the plan
for disarmament, moreover, the
Russians are preparing a po-
litical disarmament scheme.
They have proposed a neutral"
belt across Eastern Europe so
that Germany and Austria and
the satellite states, ranging
from the Mediterranean to the
Baltic, would be politically neu-
tral. This means that if the
smaller countries raise armies
it must be done on a local
basis without any integreation
with the Western defense and
only for internal police pur-
poses. This is another kind of
Trojan horse.
The Western allies for the
moment are confronted with
the political strategy of the
Soviet. The four-power con-
ference idea is but one of many
aspects of the Russian peace
offensive. Public opinion in
the Western countries is so
determined to have peace that
widespread support has been
given to the four-power con-
ference theme and related pro-
Evening star., 1955-06-14
MIRA Unit Begins
Tour of Jupun

TOKYO, June IA (P).-A big
Moral Rearmament Mission to
Asia arrived today.
The group is led by Ole Bjorn
Kraft. former Danish foreign
minister, and includes former
and present government leaders
from Europe, America, Africa
and Asia.
The mission will spend a week
here and then tour Formosa, the
Philippines, Thailand, Burma
and India.
Prime Minister Ichiro Hato-
yama will be host at a reception
for the group tomorrow.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Bethlehem Head Briefs
Senators on Merger Plan

hem Youngstown merger woulc
mean that Bethlehem would, il
effect, be prevented from enter.
ling the markets in that area ir
competition with the many large
steel companies there"
Mr.. Homer said the new pro-
duction capacity which the COM
bined company would build
would afford great diversified
ton of products and markets and
will intensity competition in the
steel industry" in the Midwest.
He said thle h e m and
Youngstown could not build the
new facilities as separate COM
panieS.
Evening star., 1955-06-14

interests which, he charged,
are using" Mr.. Eisenhower.
In this field, as in others,
the former President is clearly
the most effective spokesman
in the Democratic Party. He
knows what he is talking
about. He uses the simple
language-if on the strong side
which the people UNDER
stand. He knows all the tricks,
the devious devices and lodges
which are being used in Con-
gress, and the tricky propa-
ganda used to confuse the
public. He holds a President
should be the champion of all
the people against all that
and he said that Mr.. Eisen-
hover is not fulfilling that
responsibility.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
Adenouer Brings Advice to u. S.

many's loyal participation In
the Western military-political
coalition. Russia is unlikely
to make a serious effort to
break that coalition. She
knows that it will disintegrate
as soon as the West gains the
illusion that a Red onslaught
against Europe is no longer
probable. The Kremlin be-
lieves that when the inevitable
economic competition gets into
full swing, Germany will be
ripe to come to the Soviet
side.
Evening star., 1955-06-14
BY the Associated Press

A. B. Homer, president of th'
Bethlehem Steel Corp, tole
Senators today the proposed
merger of his firm with tn;
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co
would increase competition, moi
lessen it.
Mr.. Homer said in testimony
prepared for the Senate Anti
trust subcommittee that this
would be especially true in the
Imid-continent area, where Beth
lehem now has no plants.
Bethlehem is the Nations
second largest steel concern.
youngstown ranks sixth.
If the merger goes through,
Mr.. Homer said, the new COM
pany would spend $3.50 million
to provide 3 million tons of ad-
ditional ingot capacity in the
mid-continent region. OF this
2 million tons would be in the
Chicago area and I million at
Youngstown, Ohio, he added.
The Justice Departments anti
trust division last fall 6sap-
proved the proposed merger in
the form in which it was sub
The Bethlehem head
said his company still was study
ing what legal course to follow.
He said it has been considering
procedures by which the law
fulness of the merger could be
determined by the courts in an
expedited litigation"
The subcommittee has been
conducting a series of hearings
to determine whether an increaS-
ing number of mergers might
|jeopardize competition in certain
areas of American industry.
Mr.. Homer said every major
steel firm except Bethlehem has
plants in the mid-continent area,
adding:
ITO forbid the proposed Bethle.
Evening star., 1955-06-14

ITO forbid the proposed Bethle.