davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-04-11
I WAS A SLAVE LABORER ~
100000 Defy Reds
And Go on Strike

was a rumor that he had disap-
peared with II other members
Of the government.
Shocker for MvD
This was shocking news to the
MVD who ran Vorkuta. MVD
officers nervously waited to fol-
low Beria into prison. The free"
people-all civilian employees Of
the MVD-refused to answer my
question: What do you think Of
Beria's arrest?"
It wasn't clearly defined i'm
mediately. But from then on,
the officials of the camp were
split--some loyal to Beria. the
others to Malenkov. the new
Premier. The MVD officers were
visibly shaken. A few of the
guards even asked us slaves:
what do you think will happen
now?
What did happen surprised
even the most astute Of my fell
low slave laborers In Camp No,
8. One hundred thousand slaves
in Vorkuta went on strike-the
first mass demonstration against
the Communists in IS years!
Someone else made the de-
ciSion for us. The first week in
July. when the snow was all
melted and the sun shone con-
tinually, I heard from the free
people in the washroom that
Mines No. II and IS were strik-
ing. The slaves had simply put
down their tools and refused to
go into the mine. And strangest
Of all-the MVD was doing noth-
ing about it.
Then the strike spread to
Mines No. 9, 10 and Is. then to
Mine No. Z in our neighboring
camp. Now everyone was con-
vlnced that the miracle was nap
pening. We could see that for
the first time, the wheels on the
mine elevator were not turning.
Coal cars coming through one
camp from Mine No. 7 were
hree-fourths empty, and chalked
across the inside in big, bold
Russian letters was written: ITO
he'll with your coal. We want
freedomi" Leaflets pasted on the
car read: Comrades from Mines
IL. IA and 16. Don't let us down.
You know We are striking"
Noble Gets Key Role
We formed strike committee.
The leader was Gureyvich, a Rus
sian Jew and former diplomat to
France. A committee represen-
tative came to see me in the
barracks. when the time is
ready for the camp to strike you
Evening star., 1955-04-11

rights Of Negro students by
broad Characterization Of group
intelligence. group morality and
health. The conditions they
complain of can never be
remedied as long as segregation
in public schools is continued.
There i Is nothing to indicate
that an extended delay In order
ing elimination Of all segrega-
ton will improve public atti-
tudes or eliminate the objec-
tions presently interposed:'
District government ofiacials
indicated they will notify the
court. as they did in their writ
ten brief last fall, that public
school integration in this city Is
well under way in accordance
with q detailed plan devised
months ago." They suggest that
no detailed compliance order be
issued.
KD..A - L. = = -
nu. .nat stano Is oisputsa oy
netotneys oeoIss - y. hayes
ano oaMes "a. NaI,it, IepIessnt-
lI,s palen.o me- u lns Neslo cnnolen
wnI ~ lsoo oIIsinaseo tne Iesai
cnailsnse ssanlst tne constltu-
tlonanty oi TAG ouai SCHOOL sys-
ee" 1iei
Attack Corning Plan
- 80. - -.
u .en uss,s 49,, a.su'len' 20 oo'
iiuTa 49, . .unu .o..omsi 49,. ~.
s Sscu n,u a' sle 81
@. .u So1s ..au, noM =.
enecs =. nees r.s snI p,.ssh.uu -. x1 nlo.it,,s
Sso ~ 0s.ioU. o1p.. aopa.' M.
IA
Evening star., 1955-04-11
Czech Demand for Return
Of Border Guard Rejected

He has requested and been
granted political asylum.
I'm the circumstances. the
Ministry's demand that he be
returned represents Q proposal
that the United States Govern
ment should deny the right OF
political asylum and violate its
traditional practice Of refusing
to return to q foreign jurisdic-
tion persons who have LIFT 1t
for political reasons. The United
States cannot accept this pro-
posal and the Ministry's demand
for Fojtik's return is accordingly
rejected. {
Under q system of political
oppression denying Its citizens
the right to choose freedom,
violence and tragedy are bound
to occur. The Ministry Of
Foreign Affairs. should, there
fore. be aware that the death
Of either an escapee or q border
guard is q tragic event for which
only the Czechoslovakian Cow
ernment is responsible"
Evening star., 1955-04-11
|Careeniing Car
Kills ; Youths
BY the Associated Press

Thirteen highway deaths were
reported to Virginia State Police
over the week end. including
those Of three Wise County teen
ayers struck by car careening
wildly son the left side of the
road.
The State traffic toll for the
year rose to 178.
The three young people. along
with two others. were returning
from q movie at, Coeburn when
they were struck. One of the
other two was injured.
Killed were Beverly Lynn
Cooper. 16: Betty Lou Kilgore.
is. and Thurston Hale, is. all of
Coeburn. In a critical condition
in q Norton hospital was Peggy
Cooper. IA. Of Coeburn.
Police arrested Charley Leon
ard, 81. Of Cleveland. Va, and
charged him with manslaughter.
Police said he rounded a curve.
swerved to the left side of the
highway. struck an old pickup
truck parked of the road. and
then plowed into the teen-agers.
A 40-year -old Frederick tMd.r
man. Eden Medford Campbell.
was crushed to death by the
door Of his car after he was
thrown part way out of the ve-
hicle as it ran OF the road near
Strasburg Saturday night. The
car door struck a tree.
Evening star., 1955-04-11
ADVERTISEMENT ADVERTISEMENT
IS YOUR ENGLISH
HOLDING YOU BACK?
ADVERTTSEMENT

think. the more you learn
about words and how to ar
range them to express your
ideas, the better your thinking
becomes. The Improvement Of
your English including your
thinking can lead to amazing
personal achievements"
Write today for free 32-page
booklet. Your English and Your
Career. It explains the import
|ance Of English In your per-
sonal, social and business life.
It shows how the new Career
Institute Method can help you
achieve your special goals
quickly In your spare time at
home. Address q card or letter
to DON Bolander, Dept. wS-11,
| CarEer Institute, rs East Jack
Sc Blvd., Chicago 9 Illinois.
~ booklet will be mailed to
You promptly,
Evening star., 1955-04-11

and the others In authority were
kicked out Of the camp. Gurey-
Hch went: to the main gate
and looking into the muzzles OF
100 guns-announced that from
that moment on. the camp was
under the control Of the prison.
ers. No one was allowed to enter
without the permission Of the
strike committee. II the MvD
lieutenant or q hated guard. Mol
kof. came in the gate they would
be killed Immediately.
The strike committee organ
lied the $500 men in the camp
thoroughly. Not one lump Of coal
was taken out Of the mine. Per-
feet discipline was maintained.
It worked. No one fired. no
one raised q hand to stop us.
They were plainly cowed-by US:
by the fact that they needed the
coal badly; because some OF the
MVD men were among the con-
spirators s-maybe even Tchevch-
enko himself: but mostly be-
cause the time was plainly ripe
for rebellion.
Red and Black Flags Rise
Uprisings like ours. we heard.
were taking place in camps
throughout the Soviet Union.
The Kremlin itself was In the
turmoil Of a power struggle. It
was safer for the men there to
wait and see.
tcopyrisht. 1855, By North Americas
Newspaper Alliance. Ine.)
Tomorrow: Communist Mass T
Murder.
Evening star., 1955-04-11

was a rumor that he had disap-
peared with II other members
of the government.
Evening star., 1955-04-11
|Quuke Rocks
Philippines

MANILA, April II P).-Wide-
spread earthquakes today coll
lapsed homes. split highways and
injured an undetermined num-
Der Of persons in the Southern
Philippines-already hard-hit by
disastrous tremors April /.
There were no immediate re-
ports Of deaths. The April l
quake caused at least 432 deaths
and left thousands homeless.
Quakes of intensity three to
six on a scale of ten panicked
residents in nine cities, six Of
them on Mindanao, second larg-
Eest island. Philippine News Serv-
ice reported.
The tremors began at lao a m.
and lasted from 10 to As seconds.
PMS said many persons were
injured in the Lake Lanao area
Of Mindanao which bore the
brunt Of the previous earth
quakes.
Residents in the Marantau
district on the west shore Of the
lake reported "a yardwide fissure
extending several miles" imme-
diately after the first shock, said
PMS.
Evening star., 1955-04-11

who had set Oh the strike had
been put into the camp prison
and Immediately 1000 Of US, with
Gureyvich and the strike COM
mittee. stormed down toward the
prison. MvD Mai. Tchevchenko.
the camp commander. and his
political officer. Capt. Buikoh,
tried to calm us, but we packed
in front of the prison and yelled
for the release Of the Karagan-
das. ee
Meanwhile the harsh MvD
lieutenant In charge OF restric-
tion pulled up with several po-
lice cars and trucks. One hum
dred MVD and Red Army troops
piled out and surrounded the
camp fences. Our crowd started
cursing and barred their way
through the gate.
Then suddenly. the Karagan-
das. who had overcome three
drunken guards in the prison,
dashed out into the yard. We
set up q tremendous yell and
Immediately the MvD lieutenant
ordered: open fire."
It lasted 20 seconds. When it
was over. is men lay on the
ground. Two were dead-one
prisoner whose time was up in
two months had had the top Of
his head blown Oh by an explo-
sive bullet. A stray bullet had
gone threw the hospital window
and punctured the lung Of a pa
tient in bed. Two feet over my
head there were five bullet holes
in the wall Of the building.
Prisoners Seize Camp
We became enraged. Immedi-
ately, Gureyvich and the crowd
seized control Of the camp.
TrhAvNhAnlrA Hssflrn<Y f1.a n,,o ,.-ls-
Evening star., 1955-04-11
Eighth in . Series Of Articles

s-~~--->-~>---------~-->
declines. the Soviets took a rold
step. In April 1852, they began
paying us a small salary. 100
rubles a month, with bonuses
for exceeding the norm. How
ever. if q laborer produced less
than his norm-even l per cent
less-he received no pay at all.
The Red plan increased coal
production, but it otherwise
backfired. AS half-starved ami
mails we had little strength to
protest. Now, with money to buy
extra food at the camp store,
we seldom went hungry. Thus
we gained the courage to COM
plain and the alertness to think
about our fate.
In camp. our resentment
boiled up occasionally in sabo-
tage. Prisoners blew up mine
shafts with stolen dynamite. All
Vortuka was a ticking time
bomb. needed only q spark to
set 1t of.
News Of Stain Death
In 1858. three closely related
incidents provided the spark.
The first was the death of Josef
Stain in March. was down in
Mine No. 16. The news came
over the loudspeaker in the hall
way. Slave laborers, "free" peo-
pie, MVD guards gathered to
listen.
Stalin's death sent q wave of
hope through Vorkuta. The re-
lease Of the. Jewish doctors sug-#
gested something must be hap
pening. Then. on April IA, an
amnesty was given all prisoners
serving less than five years. In
all. 5000 men we're released from
Vorkuta.
Months passed. Then in June,
we heard startling news. Laventri
Beria. the boss of all the slave
camps. had been arrested. There
Evening star., 1955-04-11
whether it will order immediate

whether it will order immediate
integration in the specific areas,
direct a gradual transition. or
send the cases back to lower
Federal courts with instructions
to work out detailed DEGREES.
The tribunals current term
ends in early June. In Deem
ber. 1852. and December. 1853.
it heard extensive arguments on
the issue of racial segregation
in public schools. The opinion
last May settled the question
whether such segregation was
constitutional.
The court declared unani-
mously that the system was un-
constitutional. But because Of
additional practical" problems
Of considerable complexity." the
court invited litigants In the
five cases and other interested
parties to offer suggestions on
the most equitable and effective
way of ending public school
racial segregation.
Evening star., 1955-04-11

Many intelligent men and
women are held back In their
jobs and social lives because
they use poor English or can't
speak and write effectively, "
says DON Bolander, director Of
English at Career Institute,
Chicago.
adults who realize that their
English Is holding them back
use our new home method to
stop making embarrassing mis-
takes In English, to improve
their writing, to increase their
vocabularies, to speed up their
reading, to acquire the techni-
cues Of fluent conversation.
But the use of effective English
pays off In unexpected ways, =
says Bolander, Sbecause Ian
guage Ill q tool of thought Aa
well a. d tool of expression.
Xcu use words with which TO
Evening star., 1955-04-11

The United States has rejected
q demand Of Communist Czecho-
slovakia for the return Of a
Czech border guard who fled to
West Germany on April 2.
In q note delivered, Saturday
30 Czech authorities in Prague.
the United States said the guard.
Jan Fojtik, requested and has
been granted political asylum.
The Czechoslovakian Ministry
Of Foreign Affairs filed two
notes asking that the guard be
returned allegedly for question:
ing as to responsibility for the
fatal shooting of q second guard
at the time Fojtik escaped. The
American reply stated in part:
"The Embassy cat Prague)
has been instructed to inform
the Ministry that as q result Of
an investigation, the United
States authorities have ascer-
tanned that the border guard,
Jan Fojtik. escaped from Czech
oslovakia for political reasons.
Evening star., 1955-04-11
Noble Gets Key Role

We formed a strike committee.
The leader was Gureyvich, Rus
sian Jew and former diplomat to
France. A committee represen-
tative came to see me in the
barracks. when the time is
ready for the camp to strike you
Evening star., 1955-04-11
NEHRU CONSIDERS
PROPERTY JUST
A NUISANCE

NEW DELHI, India, April
IL (R.-Prime Minister Neh-
ru told the Indian Parlia-
ment today, Property is q
nuisance and burden, and
life's journey must be light. "
Speaking on a bill to pay
forS appropriated property.
which is expected to be
passed by the lower house
tomorrow and by the upper
house next Friday, Mr.. Neh-
ru declared:
Everyone Is agreed on the
sanctity of private property,
but there's nothing divine
about it. Speaking person.
ally, I have no respect for
my own properties. except q
few personal belongings"
Evening star., 1955-04-11
SEGREGATION
Continued From First Page

Continued From FIRST rage
the country set on the road to
Q uniform amenability to its
Constitution.
"The right asserted here is not
the only one at stake. The fate
Of other great constitutional
freedoms, whether secured by
the Fourteenth Amendment or
by other provisions, is inevitably
bound up in the decision to be
made in these cases"
Other Main Contentious
Other main contentious in the
reply brief included charges
that:
/. The State briefs do not offer
any Affirmative plan for desegre-
CATION but merely repeat old
arguments in favor of indefinite
continuation Of racial segrega-
ton.
2. Opinion polls purporting to
reflect public sentiment in vari-
ous States and communities are
immaterial in, the. current judi
cial proceedings and. moreover
do not give any real proof that
q gradual changeover from
segregated school systems is
necessary.
3. Asserted average differences
in Negro and white student
groups also have no relevance
to the individual rights under
the Constitution. Such differ
ences can be handled admins
tratively without reference to
race.
Disadvantages Described
As for some State contentious
rs to the educational. cultural
or health shortcomings of
Negroes, the brief said:
That the Negro is so dis
advantaged educationally and
culturally In the States where
segregation is required is the
strongest argument against It's
continuation for any period Of
time.
Those who use this argument
as q basis for interminable
delay in the elimination Of
segregation in reality are seek
ing to utilize the product of
their own wrongdoing as a
justification for continued NAL
feasance. State briefs seek to
further limit the educational
Evening star., 1955-04-11
By JOHN II. NOBLE

NEW YORK, April ll--Vor-
kuta seethed with discomfort.
We slave laborers were fed up
with the inhuman conditions,
the abject monotony, the inces-
SAINT work. the MVD infoimers,
the terrific cold. the persecution
by the murderous blatnoi ,pro-
fessional criminals and the
hopelessness. Like myself. most
of the tnen were serving sen-
tences of Is years-or longer.
When the discomfort was re-
fiected in large coal production
Evening star., 1955-05-11

the Civil Defense test. What
appalled, me was not the Hark-
ness opinion, but his failure to
give a fair picture of this event
prior to delivering his criticism.
1t was very unlike him."
AROUND TOWN: Bob Eberly,
my favorite croon-age singer,
opens at the Lotus tomorrow
night. Billy Johnson boards
the SIS Mount Vernon Saturday
morning for the weekly chill
dren's sunlight cruise. Owe
got a date to meet Jerry Strong,
of WMAL, who is celebrating the
third year of his wife's decision
to spell him on his show, at Ken
wood that ayem. Wen cruise
about the courSe). Little
Jimmy Dickens, a hillbilly en-
tertainer of repute, headlines
Glen Echo's ballroom show to-
morrow night. He's a Grand
Ole Opry feature and the hill
billy critics" say he's "unsur-
passed in his department"
Il borrowed that quote from a
Glen Echo release and offer it
for what it's WORTH
Evening star., 1955-05-11
VHIGHLIGHTS
TODAY

1880. WMAL t1-Disneyland: :
.Repeat.) Final chapter Of
the Davy Crockett story, with
FeSs Parker as Davy.
1880. WTTG (5)-News Con-
ference: A filmed resume of
the Presidents press confer
ence.
500, WTOP (9)-Arthur God
frey and Friends: Arthur
takes his show to Coney Is
land.
$3.50, WMAL (D-Mr. Citizen:
DramatiZation of an Air
Force sergeant's work to get
the family of a former en-
emy into this country.
800, WRC (4-Television The
ater: Anniversary production
lin color of Judge Contains
Hotel" drama of judge who is
devoted to cause of eliminat-
ing juvenile delinquency and
must sentence his own son.
$3.50, WHIAL t0-Penny to a
Million: Premiere of quiz
show where contestants can
mushroom their winnings.
1000, WTOP t9)-Boxing: Bob
Satterf1eld takes on Archie
Mcbride in a 10-rounder.
1880, WRC (4-Big Town: Ed
itor Steve Wilson exposes tao
tics of a commercial blood
bank.
11:00, WTTG t5-Harness Rae
ing: Two races from Rose
croft with Morrie Seigel and
Roy Shut collaborating at
the mike.
11:25, WMAL (0-Studio Sew
en-: Ghosts inhabit an Irish
castle in comedy starring
Alan Napier.
Evening star., 1955-05-11

Inside Track" on lucrative in
vestment stocks.
8:35, WRC-College Quiz Bowl:
Student teams from Syracuse
and Trinity College, Hartford.
Conn. compete. New time
period)
500, WTOP - Perry Como: ::
Georgia Gibbs visits to sing
Dance With Me, Henry"
500, WRC - Groucho Marx:
Quiz and quip.
Evening star., 1955-05-11
ADVERTISEMENT.
zemo Great For
lteIlySkin Rash

Zemo, doctors formula, promptly
relieves itching of surface skin rashes,
eczema, prickly heat, athletes foot.
Lemo stops scratching and SO aids
faster healing and clearing. Buy Ertrs
Strength Zemo for stubborn cases.
Evening star., 1955-05-11
ON THE AIR
ON THE AIR
Monteomery's 'Gotsby'
Simply Greet
By BERNIE HARRISON

F. Scott Fitzgeralds "The Great Gatsby," postponed
because of Robert Montgomerys Illness finally
performed the other night (WRC-4 and I'm very glad
they waited for the peniclin to take hold.
It should be quite evident by now that Montgomery,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10

/ are slate gray on top. with o soft
dove gray on the breast.
II 1t hadn't been for John
would have gone on looking foi
q bird that matched them.
The books did help US with our
waterfowl visitors. We had 1--WE
ducks stay a few days on our
pond. And there wasn't any
doubt that they were lesser
scaups. OF course, they might
have been the greater scaup. but
we settled on the lesser ones as
being more likely to pick out our
lesser pond.
Il
The garden is plowed. and the
soil is in fine condition-just
right for the weeds to come
along. Looks like it is going to
be a long, hard fight. And Tweed
Howser hasn't any straw left.
Last year Tweed's straw was
q garden saver. The straw
mulch held what moisture there
was. and we had a few things
we wouldn't have had otherwise.
Maybe we can hold out against
the weeds until threshing time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10
Arboretun1
AzdIeo Show
his Month

The National Arboretum's an
nual open house" for azalea
lovers will begin next week end
but the blooms will not be at
their best Until the span be-
tween April % and 80.
The Arboretum grounds will
be open daily from April 16
through May z, Monday through
Friday 8 am. to 4::30 pm. and
Saturdays and Sundays 10 am.
to 6 pm.
Hurricane Hazel bowled over
or crippled to the point of forced
removal some so large shade
trees in the area where the
azalea paintings are most lavish,
so workmen have brought in and
planted 40 new trees, some of
them 30 feet high.
Thus the azalea paintings have
for a while lost a wealth of
crown shade from the high
trees. but in time this will be
duly corrected by growth.
Additional azaleas have been
planted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10

Scorrs SPREADERs enable you to DO the
with few quick posses. HS5; N7.85
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10

The Dogwood Hills Garden
Club has been organized recently
by residents Of the Belvedere-
Bancroft area in Fairfax County.
The community is well known
for its spring display Of dogwood
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10
BY JAMES BIRCHFIELD

Things we never knew we had
on The 40 Acres:
A pine woods full Of chick
adees.
A pair of red-breasted nut
matches.
A family Of phoebes.
Our birdlife came to life the
other day during a walk with
John Dennis. our ornithologist
neighbor. Down in the pines. we
suddenly found that we were in
the midst of a whole colony of
chickadees. They have ben there
all winter, feeding on the seeds
in the pine cones, but we had
never been conscious Of them
before.
How it could have been. I don't
know. For. once you know them,
they seem to be everywhere.
Just goes to show how unobserv-
ant one can be.
Then down by the stream we
came on a pair Of red-breasted
nuthatches. John said they are
not too common in this section.
We have plenty of the regular
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-10

Mrs. Parker Dodge, 81 West
Kirke street. Chevy Chase.
Alta Vista Garden Club will
meet Wednesday at 8 pm. at
Gustin's Gardens on Old George
town road. Mrs. Owen Haynes
and Mrs. Maurice r. Hilleman
will be co-hostesses. Mrs. Fred
erick w. Lang is conducting q
flower arrangement course
M0nacacy Garden Club of
upper Montgomery County will
meet Wednesday at the home Of
Mrs. George Menke in Barnes
vile at pm. Flower Show
Organization and Practice" will
be the theme.
National Capital Dahlia Soci-
ETY. will hear q talk on fertilizers
by Ray Starostka Of the Belts
vile Station at the meeting
Thursday at 8 pm. at the New
National Museum. Tenth and
Constitution avenue. Other fea-
lures will include q color film
on dalalia exhibits and shows, o
talk on ground preparation by
Vernon AilStock. q discussion by
Mr.. Bowling of rooted cuttings,
and an auction Of roots brought
In for sale by donors.
Bradbury Heights Garden
Club will meet with Mrs. Mary
D. Hartley. 4541 Alabama ave-
nue. Sc. at 8 PM. Thursday
Members will bring flower ar
rangements with Easter as the
theme.
Neighborhood Garden Club
of Gaithersburg and Washing
ton Grove has advanced It's next
meeting to April IA Thursday
at Grace Methodist Church at
Gaithersburg. The feature will
be q bulb show and entries must
be in place by II am.
Piedmont Garden Club will
hold a spring flower show at the
Marshall (Va.) Volunteer Fire
Company Hall on May 10 from
2::30 to $3.50 pm. "In the
Merry Month of May" will be
the theme,
Entries will be open to all
gardeners withs the exception of
the inter-club exhibits.
Hilltop Garden Club will meet
Friday at pm. at the home of
Mrs. Leila Marshall, 3703 Ban
gor street Sc; co-hostesses.
Mrs. William p. Fallon and Mrs.
Roy O'Baugh. Mrs. A. B. Curtis
will show slides of recent flower
shows. Mrs. Arthur Morissette
will show an exhibit of rock
garden paintings.
The Dogwood Hills Garden
Club has been organized recently
by residents Of the Belvedere-
Bancroft area in Fairfax County.
The community is well known
for its spring display of dogwood