davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-10-24
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

Of the card" or popular tele-
vision and radio comic, but Of
Bertha the Sewing Machine
Girl.
The old-fashioned phrase,
coming down from q popular
story Of the turn Of the CEN
tury complimented this real
life Bertha by antithesis.
She wasn't. really. at all like
that!
It was always q pleasure to
enter her ofice, and get the
calm greeting that was dis
tributed to all on equal terms.
She sat at an ordinary desk
as a picture might have por-
trayed a princess in some fairy
tale Of yesteryear.
The tide Of modern business
rolled over her and left her
entirely unspoiled.
Not q crease Of her dress was
ruffled. Her eyes held the
same pleasant look at 4 as
they had at . o'clock in the
morning.
This was in the days before
the ubiquitous coffee break.
Bertha didn't need 1t then, she
wouldn't need 1t now.
One can't help wondering
about the coffee time, as he
sees an advertisement Of q
big numbering machine in
stalled in an office, Just to
keep the boys and girls from
going upstairs.
What has America come to,
that people find themselves
needing a hot drink right
after breakfast?
LIS IL q real neeo, or do people
Just think it is?
Some day, somebody is going
to write a book called Coffee
Break" In the meantime, we
look upon it with mixed affec-
ton and wonder, liking and dis,
liking.
We can't imagine Bertha
going in for it, somehow. She
didn't need what these pale
faced little girls need today.
as they rush their hats off and
make q break for the coffee
break.
Bertha had poise.
She didn't have to pose.
She didn't have to make q
break after anything.
She was herself, q feat and
an accomplishment. In the
goth century.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Test at Geneva

Everything possible seems 10 have
been done to arm Secretary Dulles for
the forthcoming test Of the spirit Of
Geneva.
Early last week. the President gave
Mr.. Dulles a "full and comprehensive
mandate" to speak for the United States
when he sits down Thursday with his
opposite numbers from Russia, France
and Britain. Mr.. Eisenhower tried to
reinforce this yesterday. In a letter to
Vice President Nixon, he said that Mr..
Dulles goes to Geneva "as my personal
representative having my complete con-
fidence and with whom have continuous
close understanding" He added that the
Secretary OF State, In this matter,
speaks for me with authority for our
country"
When Mr.. Dulles returned from Dem
yer last week his first order Of business
was conference with IA congressional
leaders from both parties. When 1t
ended, the Secretary also seemed to have
their full support and Endorsement Of
his Geneva program. "We,re all united
100 per cent behind the Secretary" said
Republican Senator Smith of New Jersey.
and no dissent from this view was
recorded,
There is nothing in this, Of course,
which necessarily adds to the prospect
for fruitful negotiation. At best, it win
serve in some degree to minimize the
injury to our position resulting from the
Presidents illness. For all the mandates
in the world win not fully substitute at
Geneva for the support Of popular
President who might reasonably be ex-
pected to serve another four-year term
In the White House. But what can be
done. has been done. II the Russians are
prepared to make any concessions to
reinforce the spirit of Geneva, Mr.. Dulles
has ample authority to deal with them.
This 'if" remains very large one.
There has been a kind Of studied effort
to discourage optimism, and this is proper
in the sense that nothing has happened
to warrant high hopes. Still, the world
will expect something from this meeting
Of the foreign ministers. At the least, it
will look for what Mr.. Dulles cautiously
calls concrete progress" toward settling
the major items on the agenda. II this
much is not forthcoming, this meeting,
which President Eisenhower once spoke
OF as the "test" Of the spirit of Geneva,
will almost force the free world to the
conclusion that an acceptable settlement
with Russia Is not obtainable. And one
may doubt that the Soviet leaders will
want to be responsible for any such
dangerous result
Evening star., 1955-10-24
LETTERS TO THE STAR

ican roads and how useful such
roads win be In time of at
tack on the American conti-
nent.
Unless it can get enough
heavy American equipment by
the boatloads through cooper
alton based On the Geneva
spirit. the Soviet Union knows
it is at least 20 years away
from preparedness for war.
And for that reason more than
any other they have refrained
from doing what they want to
do more than anything else
bomb the rich. free American
Nation.
Tom Coll.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Jury Topping
Tom Coll.

There seems to be an inn
preston that there Is no law
covering the Jury bugging'
project of the University Of
Chicago Law School and the
Ford Foundation In the United
States District Court at Wich-
ita. Kans. It appears to be
both a common law crime and
a contempt Of court.
Although not covered by
Federal statutes, the common
Law had q name for 1t. name
ly, the crime Of eavesdrcp-
ping. Blackstone reported in
his commentaries almost 200
years ago that eayesdropping
was an indictahle offense.
Eavesdropping was and is a
criminal offense under the
common law Of England and
Of this country. In sustain
ing a criminal charge for
eavesdropping on jury pro-
ceedings, the Supreme Court
Of Tennessee as far back as
hundred years ago Estate v.
Pennington, 1880, said:
"It is difficult to conceive of
q more mischievous species Of
offense than that now pre-
sented. If it be an indict-
able offense to clandestinely
hearken to the discourse Of a
private family. by which only
q private injury would be
done, much more must 1t be
to obtain. by the same unlaw-
full means, the secrets Of the
jury room. The same salu-
tary principle must cover both
cases. and Tor a much stronger
reason the latter. If the one
be q nuisance. much more Is
the other. The proceedings
of juries, both grand and
petit. are so important to life.
liberty and property Of the
citizen, that they cannot be
too carefully guarded. Inva-
sions Of the sanctity Of the
jury room cannot be too Sc
verely punished. No intrusions
upon their deliberations can
be tolerated"
It was held in that case that
a person who secretly steals
near the jury room while the
jury is engaged in the per-
formance of its duties. in or
der to overhear what they are
saying and doinG is guilty OF
eavesdropping and liable to
be indicted therefor.
Wire tapping. another form
of eavesdropping. is q statu-
tory offense in many jurisdic-
tions.
Alfred J. Schweppe.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
IA Worm That Does Its Own Fishing
By THOMAS R. HENRY

kept coiled between the four
lobes Of its brain just behind
its mouth. This can be shot
out Of its head with lightning
like speed to entangle q victim
which then Is drawn to the
mouth. II the prey happens to
be q soft-bodied animal like
another worm, it Is swallowed.
II 1t Is q shelled animal, like
q tiny mollusk, the soft parts
are sucked out Of its body and
the shell left behind. The
proboscis serves the worm
In various other ways. When 1t
Is crawling along the bottom,
for example, It Is thrust for
ward and attached to some
fixed object. It then drags the
rest Of the body forward. It is
o primary sense organ in ex-
ploring the dark surroundings.
During the drilling operation 1t
is used to probe In soft mud
and md the ways Of least re-
sistance for the pointed head.
It saves the head from being
thrust against q stone, or other
obstacle.
The proboscis has an ex-
tremely abundant nerve sup
ply. Sometimes it Is thrust
forward so violently that it is
detached from its mooring
within the brain area. Then
1t lives for a few hours, or even
a few days. as an independent
animal" It has even been
described scientifically as a new
species Of worm before its true
identity was understood.
Lots Of Spare Parts
In some species Of nemer-
teams. although not In cere-
bratulus, it is used as o har-
poon. It carries at its front
end a spear-like stylet which is
driven into the body Of its prey.
Nature has provided some OF
the worms with q sackful of
these stylets 30 that one broken
on can be replaced at once.
Loss of Its proboscis is no
great tragedy for cerebratulus
for 1t has the extraordinary
ability to grow q new one very
rapidly. Even the loss Of its
entire body behind the brain
doesn't mean very much. for it
can grow an entire new body.
The head alone Is able to live
for q long time without q body.
Cerebratulus belongs to the
second lowest order Of worms
and is not far from the bottom
Of the ladder Of animal evolu-
tion. Like other worms Of the
lower orders. it has remarkable
powers Of regenerating lost
parts. For regeneration Of q
body or q proboscis. however,
some part Of the brain or of q
nerve cord Is necessary in the
fragment.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Mon Of the Future
A craufsh STRUGGLES n d smal

A crawfsh struggles In a small
orubby hand.
He longs for his tunnel of
rGtn-moistened sand;
He escapes. and some cookies
take his place,
Then they disappear In a
dirt-stredked face.
He soon needs peanut butter
and bread,
As he flies his kite high
overhead;
He gets his gun-he Is Dapy
Crockett:
A Tebellious norm goes down
In his pocket.
Watt Just a minute" I hear
him say,
As ! cali him tn from fun and
play:
I mould like q kiss but he 10
dl0ot and sage
This embryonic man OF the
atomic aCel
3. Ruth Patterson
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Riqht to Counsel

As q voter and taxpayer In
Fairfax County. ! was sur
prised and amazed TO see In
recent local newspapers the
fact that a Democratic candi-
date for the Board Of Super
visors. Joseph H. Freehill,
though an attorney. had con-
sented to defend in court an
alleged Communist.
Although he may claim the
privilege Of an officer Of the
court, it seems hardly politi-
cally wise and definitely un-
American for one aspiring to
public office to assume such a
role.
Mr.. Freehill must realize
that neither I nor any other
true American will feel con-
strained to cast his vote for
anyone who has placed him.
self In such a dubious position.
Emory L. Thompson.
Editors note: 1t may have
ben politically unwise for Mr..
Freehill to take the case in
question. but 1t certainly was
not "un-American" for him to
do so. Every accused person is
entitled to counsel. Would Mr..
Thompson deny this right to
an alleged Communist?l
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Sensible Policy

Virginia's State Water Control Board,
a powerful antipollution agency, has
shown good Judgment in revising its
policy so as to avoid conflict with local
authorities operating in the same field.
The board evidently has profited from its
unfortunate experience in connection
with the proposed Scott's Run sewage
treatment plant.
In the Scott's Run case the board
tentatively approved project which
Evening star., 1955-10-24
WOODS HOLE. MASS.

WOODo ka'AH. MASS
Buried IN the mud nurrows
along this rocky coast Is o
worm rs feet long.
It is shaped like q ribbon.
about q half inch wide. It can
contract its length, when need
arises to less than 10 feet. It
seldom is seen, unless one,
hunts for 1t. Clam diggers
sometimes encounter one. They
cali It the "clam worm" It
is a ravenously carnivorous
animal able to swallow sea
creatures. chiefly other worms,
as big around as itself since,
like q snake, 1t has q disten-
sible mouth.
This formidable creature Of
the mid world wonderland has
the scientific name OF cere-
hrat,,l,,s Iactus and has been
extensiyely studied by biolo-
gists mere ais the most con-
snic,,o,,s New World example
of one Of the lowest and most
Fantastic forms of animal life
the nemerteara worms. One
Old World species =. az lts
A~EA|A0Mn1
slsateSs ~ ,.sSs s1.eiio.o - a. 49, is m,
.. ~. sae 49, - .ha ,a,,,slv are
es I'll esu' ..arts. 49, y sa,,,a ~ 80. ,nas.,,r
.ao.s ; a,,,.. s.'S. S.sot,ors :, a. inch
1is o. .4a
ms colorIui cereDratulus =
lound occasionally an alons
the ALlan.ic eoase IIoM noILn-
ern rIorioa 70 MassacnusettS
BAY. !ts IasolIss naui. = -
tne cages oi oio MusSei Deus
among broken snellS anu
ssonss; Wlsre ~ = aiI,oss 1 ila :.
possible lor = ciaM uIsssl "
sink ms noS. 1eic - poles io.,s' ~"
rainier Shallow. putIuWs u .lIe
muo from Wn,cn a, y -. eln1.sss \ =
oniy ~ nlsn LIZ. ALtsn = =
seen ocSaoiulla
antoine 80 49, " - s,S si.s
snaoe oi 1ocAs ~ sluai pooio'
Always ON the ProWl
The Iarrest examples are
found A 81 4 inches below the
Evening star., 1955-10-24
Road to War?

49, - - - ~ y ~
People who are falling for
the Geneva spirit" attitude Of
the Soviet rulers continue to
challenge those who scod at
their guilibility. with the con-
tention that the very fact that
the Soviet rulers have not
attacked us is proof Of their
sincerity. The Geneva spiriters
claim that it is q fact that
the Soviet nation has better
jet bornbers than the West
particularly the United States
and that Soviet scientists
have made A-bombs and even
H-bombs. They can give those
who think contrary to them q
long list Of reasons why the
Soviet Union could attack the
United States but won't be-
cause Of the current Geneva
spirit.
Bombs and bombers and
fighters alone don't win wars.
Nor do they win with the addi-
tional help of infantry and
tanks and navies. Nor does
arms production and money,
even when combined with the
aforementioned, win wars. All
those elements help but some
thing else is necessary, and
that is especially so since the
advent Of mass bombing. That
something else is good high
ways. The Soviet Union Just
doesn't have them. But they're
working on them. That was
one Of the tasks OF those
farmers" who came to the
United States recently on an
exchange basis.
Find out what kind Of roads
those people have over there!"
they were probably told by
Kremlin bosses. Find out what
kind Of equipment they use
In building their roads: get
some Of that equipment, II pos
sible. Samples Of American soil
In different parts of the coun-
try was picked up by the So
Wet farmers and taken back
to be analyzed. A handful Of
American soil. from different
parts Of the country. can give
an intelligent scientist pretty
good idea Of what type Of roads
We can build here. how they
are reinforced. and what type
Of bombing 1t would take to
best knock them out of COM
mission for a long time.
Soviet military bosses learned
from observation in World War
II the extreme value Of Amer
ican and British bombers in
knocking out enemy bridges
and roads.
The Soviet Union is attempt
ing to build better and more
inclusive roads right now, and
they're working night and day
on the job. Their spies. no
doubt. have told them all about
the growing network Of Amer
Evening star., 1955-10-24

Sometimes they called her
Bertha the Sewing Machine
Girl, as q pleasant little joke.
Her associates In the ONCE
didn't realize It, but actually
they we're paying her q COM
pliment. m ming in their
hearts that she was q lady. In
the best sense Of the term,
now outmoded In popular talk.
Unlike many modern women,
she did not have a split per-
sonality, but was complete and
the same everywhere.
That was her charm.
Other girls Of her age tried
to be women at home. men at
the Office.
Bertha was a true gentle
woman all the time.
AS her friends recalled her,
she was always gracious, gentle
and smiling.
She was always dressed as
befit the office. but always
with q touch here or there
that set her apart.
Even her hair was done in
q style fitting her face.
AS today's girls alternately
roast and freeze their crown
ing adornment, and plaster it
down with goo and sprays.
Bertha let her hair strictly
alone.
She was not a browntone
one week, a blond the next, but
was always the same color and
length.
She was, in other words. al
ways Bertha.
y 4 4 Il
She finally took UP a line of
work that those who knew her
best predicted she would fail
in. and she did.
It was the limitation of her
character that she couldn't
be rough with the roughs and
tough with the toughs.
She was never excited, never
different, but always q placid
best.
The hectic business was not
for her.
She could have been q good
hostess in q tea shop, or q
right royal guide at the chill
dren's bazaar, or some such
personality.
The word personality" has
been much used, in this era,
but it still has some real
meaning.
When we try to picture what
q personality is, we think not
Evening star., 1955-10-24
The Insolyent Sick

W1AAA 01G w NEA bAAC
Chamber Of Commerce why q
doctors business Is different
from every other business.
The chambers official spokes-
man ut q recent medical gath
ering warned that the leftist
ideology presently dominating
political planning. places the
businessman's freedom of
choice in greatest peril. The
chamber insists that the So
cialistic demands of organized
labor. with their staggering
financial reserves, are robbing
the entrepreneurs Of capital
ism Of their freedom from gov-
ernm mental regimentation.
Persuasively. the chambers
spokesman argued that free
dom Of choice was the most
sacred Of inaliepable rights
and incentives Of private, COM
petitive enterprise, doctors in
cluded. But ] wonder II the
chamber is aware Of the de-
gree to which the conservative
businessman already has aban-
doned this doctrine Of free
choice where no profit Is pos
sible. And this Is where the
doctors business is different
from every other business. In
theory at least. we prostitute
the ideals and ethics Of our
learned profession If we be-
come servants Of the profit
motive.
The late Senator Taft often
voiced the views of the con-
servative businessman. He ex-
pressed the opinion: THE pro-
viding Of free medical care to
those unable to pay for 1t is
not socialization. It never has
been. We have always done
It,"
But what happens to those
who. in any form, accept tax
subsidized medical care? They
forfeit all right Of free choice
and unqualified veto. Is 1t
equity that those unable to pay
for an indispensable must first
forfeit their right to control
its arbitrary authority? Can
any patient In q tax-subsidized
facility choose or discipline his
doctor?
Statistically. the extent to
which the right Of the patient
to be master Of his own sick
room already has been for
feited is too little known. In
1854. out Of the Nations grand
total Of 1.577,961 hospital beds,
l.109.l03 of these beds were
owned and operated by tax
subsidized governmental agen-
cies. OF o grand total of 20,-
345.43l admissions to the Ma
tion's hospitals. 5.352.868 for
feited both their freedom of
choice and unqualified veto by
accepting tax-subsidized med
ical care.
The hospital is the doctors
workshop. 1t is impossible
even for the state to operate
this indispensable facility
without qualified doctor-work-
ers. The doctors workshops al
ready are 10 per cent Govern
ment-owned and operated.
And about ~ per cent Of those
hospitalized In 1854 forfeited
their right to control their own
sickroom. In view Of these
facts. should doctors share the
chambers hostility to ending
organized medicines cold war
] with the Government Surely
Evening star., 1955-10-24

1t Is time for both Government
and organized medicine to well
come mutual agreements to
make the patient absolute
master Of his own sickroom.
And 1t Is also time for both the
ANA and the Chamber Of
Commerce to understand that
freedom of choice is just as
sacred to the insolvent sick as
to those fortunate enough to
be able to pay their own way.
Thomas E. Mattingiy, M. ID.
Evening star., 1955-10-24

Pen names may be used "
letters carry iDriteTs' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sGtjon.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
@. For whom is Lick Obser-
vatory named?-A. " r.

@. For whom is Lick Obser-
vatory named?--A. v. r.
A. The observatory has been
called a monument to the Gu
rious fancy of an eccentric
California millionaire, James
Lick. With his bequest Of
100000 for "a powerful tele-
scope superior to and more
powerful than any telescope
ever yet made" Lick Observa-
tory on Mount Hamilton was
built. Lick himself selected
the site a few years before his
death In 1876. His body is
buried at the base Of the So
inch refracting telescope, one
Of the largest Of its kind in the
world.
Evening star., 1955-10-24
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

r & 1 san @ ss aa saS ss e. %.n So 3 S''n n s
Evening star., 1955-10-24

about uncontrollably and vio-
lently.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13
Industrial Bank President
Honored at Dinner

About 1870 businessmen and
Women last night gathered at the
Dupont Plaza Hotel to honor B.
Doyle Mitchell, new president Of
the Industrial Bank Of Wash
ington.
Mr.. Mitchell was elected after
the recent death of his father,
Jesse H. Mitchell, founder and
president of the bank, one of the
leading Negro financial institu-
lions Of the country.
The dinner was sponsored by
the District of Columbia Cham
Der Of Commerce and the Jesse
H. Mitchell Club. The latter Or
ganization was founded several
years ago by friends of the late
banker as a social and public
service club.
Speakers at the dinner in
cluded Barnum l.. Cotton. presi-
dent Of the National Bank OF
Washington, and Professor How
ard Fitzhugh Of the Howard Uni
versity department Of commerce
and fiphnce.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13
Catholic Drive 10 Open
For Needy Overseas

The IS million campaign Of the
Catholic Bishops of the United
States for relief Of the homeless.
hungry and needy overseas opens
tomorrow. according to Msgr.
Edward E. Swanstrom. executive
director of War Relief Services
of the National Catholic We'll
fare Conference.
He told a press conference
here yesterday it is apparent
American Catholics will UNDER
stand the need for assistance to
the hundreds of thousands Of
refugees from Wet Nam and from
islands off the coast of China and
ARE ready to come to their i'm
mediate aid.
ut seems to be we'll understood
now throughout the world that
the only criterion for assistance
from the stores Of War Relief
Services is need. regardless Of
race, religion or country Of
origin" Msgr. Swanstrom ex-
planned.
The campaign starts tomorrow
and will end on March 20.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13
Family Court Plan
Among D. {. Bills Set
For Study This Week

District committees in Con-
gress this week will deal with the
problems of the city's judiciary
the proposed creation of sep
arate Family Court and a pay
raise for the city judges.
The full House District Com
mittee will meet at 1890 am.
tomorrow to act on a pay raise
for judges of the Municipal
Court and the Municipal Court
of Appeals.
Several members of the House
committee are ready to oppose
the requested $500 pay increase.
They argue that it is too much
out of line with the pay of the
District Commissioners and other
top city executives.
$4,000 Increase Suggested
Indications yesterday were that
these members of the House Dis
trict Committee will accept no
more than a $4,000 increase for
municipal judges. Such a raise
was recommended as a compro-
mise by Chairman Samuel Spcn-
Ger of the Board of Commits
Sioners.
If this compromise Is agreed
to, the judges would get $1,000.
The same subject is to be
taken up by the judiciary sub
committee of the Senate District
Committee at an executive ses-
sion scheduled by Senator Morse,
Democrat, Of oregon, subcom-
mittee chairman. for 1880 am.
tomorrow.
Debate Is Scheduled
The bill to create a family
court to take over all domestic
relations cases, now handled by
the U. s. District Court for the
District of Columbia, will be
considered at a hearing at 2 pm.
tomorrow by the judiciary sub
committee Of the House District
Committee.
The same bill will be debated
for two days before the Morse
subcommittee of the Senate Dis
trict Committee.
Proponents will be heard
Thursday, beginning at 10 am.
and opponents on Friday, at 10
am. The hearings will be in
Room 1856, Senate ONCE Build
ing.