davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-11-23
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS r. HENRY
IT, S. Breeders Stretch a Rubber Plant

and Northern South America.
When the war emergency arose
about the only procedure pos
sible was to graft Eastern rub
ber on native American root
stock, q slow and somewhat
expensive procedure.
Planted As Side Crop
A prime necessity has been
q ase-resistant stock that
could be raised from seed. This
has been accomplished in part
in breeding gardens estab-
lished in Guatemala. Haiti.
Costa Rica and Panama. AS q
partial result Of this progress,
according to the report, small
farmers throughout the rub
ber-producing area have be-
come interested in paintings
as a side crop.
Expansion has been marked
in Guatemala, Brazil and Peru
and Is under way in Mexico
and Colombia. Brazil leads
all others in the acreage Of
new rubber planted. One fed
eral territory in the Amazon
Valley has accumulated a total
Of 10000 trees with which 1t
will be possible to plant more
than 5000 acres. The Guate-
malan government is proyid-
ing planting stock for small
farm operators and has more
than 100000 trees available for
distribution.
Cooperative experiments Of
the Bureau Of Plant Industry
and California Institute OF
Technology have established
that various derivatives of
acetic acid fed to seedlings in
crease the rubber production Of
plants. The experiments were
undertaken under auspices OF
the Army Quarternnaster
Corps and we're intended es-
pecially to throw light on the
biochemical processes by
which rubber is synthesized In
the plant.
In view of these develop
ments, Agriculture Depart
ment plant breeders and
chemists believe it is ex-
tremely unlikely that the
country ever again will be
faced with a rubber crisis such
as existed in 1912 when Army
ordnance was crippled and
automobile tires for civilian
use were virtually impossible
to obtain. At that time a
great number of proposals for
rubber synthesis were made
and a new industry was de-
Veloped.
None Of the synthetic prod
ucts. however. was entirely
satisfactory for tires unless it
contained a certain amount Of
the unavailable natural rubber.
The result Of the work is
partially to restore the rubber
crop to the New World, where
it originated and from which
it essentially was 'tstolen" by
enterprising plant explorers
early In the last century.
Evening star., 1955-11-23

Department of Agriculture
plant breeders have almost
doubled the amount Of natural
rubber in the wasteland qua
yule bush of Mexico and the
Southwest.
This shrub, source Of the
rubber from which the people
of Montezuma made footballs,
has been recognized as a source
for one of the worlds strategic
raw materials. It came into
prominence during the last
war when Japanese seized and
ruined British and Dutch rub
ber plantations in the Orient.
Although various synthetic
rubbers had been developed for
special purposes there was q
pressing need for natural rub
ber to be mixed with the man
made products. The heavea
trees of Brazil were jungle
trees. It was difficult to grow
them in plantations because Of
a destructive disease, They
must be tapped by natives who
ventured far into the deep
forest.
Guayule was q native plant.
Unfortunately the yield was
low, especially in hot. arid
lands where 1t would be eco
nomical to grow the crop. 1t
was much better In cool valleys
or high plateaus. also valuable
for other crops. A series Of
long-range breeding expert
ments was started with little
hope Of important results
during the emergency.
Thrives In Drought
The new strains, according
to a Department Of Agriculture
report, have yielded amounts
In the Southwest far higher
than any previously recorded,
The development opens the
way for utilization In large
acreages Of submarginal lands.
In Southwest Texas, for ex-
ample, cotton and grain farm
ing is very precarious, but
guayule has thrived even in
years Of intense drought.
Another effort now under
way is to produce a hybrid be-
tween the guayule shrub and
a vigorously growing tree rela-
tive, which is not itself a rub
Der producer.
Guayule rubber is produced
in solid particles contained in
the sap.
Since the war a stockpile Of
more than $4,000 pounds of
seed has been accumulated by
the Government. With this
it would be possible to plant
thousands of acres in another
emergency.
Except for the guayule pos
sibilities this country is almost
entirely dependent on foreign
imports for natural rubber.
Considerable progress has
been made. according to q de-
partment report, In developing
heavea trees that can be grown
in plantations through Central
Evening star., 1955-11-23
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES z. TRAcEWELL

1t Is always pleasant, in
daily life. to find q note such
as the following waiting for
you:
For years. I've seldom
missed reading your column"
writes r. L. s. Of the Ameri-
can Road Builders Associa-
ton.
MY tardy thanks for the
gentle, joyful uplift you give
me-"
Thank you, sir.
Mr.. S. incIoses a quotation
from George D. Thompson:
Find a man who loves a
tree and you need never fear
that he will hand you a shady
DEAL Thus wrote Gridley
Adams long ago.
And he wrote q truth.
"The man or woman who
loves the trees and bushes, who
loves to gather the blossoms Of
the spring and summer and
the leaves of autumn, is a
lover of the beautiful and the
quiet.
I'm natures quiet places
he finds peace and in search
ing for the blossoms. flowers
and leaves he shows a longing
for the beautiful.
"The poet and essayist.
Ralph Waldo Emerson. wrote:
.All that is beautiful is good
and all that is good is beauti-
full
I'm our country today there
are only a few left who long
for the quiet and the beautiful.
"The great multitude is car
ried away with games and
sports and stunts and the fast
spec 4 Of cars and parades and
spectacles and fads and fan
cies and shows and such noise
is pleasant to them.
"Of these things the Duke
Of wellington said: When a
nation of people follows too
far after these things, no pros
perity can long support It,
Last year a United States
Senator spoke in a Kansas
town Of 10000. Though his
speech was free, he had q
crowd of only $50.
Three days later there was
a football game in the same
town and it drew $1,000 who
paid to see it,"
The quiet and the beauti-
full
0uCty ~ 10 q PAn noe SAAuv
has gone out of style.
Now we. as a people, desire
the speedy and the noisy, Just
as the man said.
There will always be people,
however, who do value quiet
ness, though they may find 1t
hard to attain.
The cost Of noise Is mental
upset and nervous jitters. This
is known to most people. but
commonly they say little about
it. because it isn't fashionable
any more to talk about such
things.
The quiet and the beautiful
are backed Of the map Of
daily conversation.
We are regarded as high
brows, or eggheads. If the con-
versation gets around to such
distractions.
The time viii come. one may
feel sure. when good talk will
get back to good things at
last.
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Political MiHstones

Doris Fieeson reports that
Democrats hopefully suggest
that a new conservative week.
ly journal Of opinion, the Ma
tional Review. win prove to be
the kind Of a problem child for
Republicans that the Amer
leans for Democratic Action
represents to Democrats. That
they hope to hang the jour-
nal around the necks Of Re-
publicans" as Republicans
have hung the ADA around
Democratic necks.
It seems improbable, how
ever, that conservatism In any
degree could be much Of a
burden around the neck of
the Republican Party. For.
after all, although we may
range from dynamic" to
moderate" or downright
StuDpOrns We 90 prlQe our
selves on our conservatism
and comparative freedom from
leftism.
And, of course, 1t is pretty
well understood that although
Democrats plaintiyel- deplore
the . active. vociferous and
openly left-wing ADA as
problem children" and "bur-
dens," this group wields a pow
erfuI voice in debating Dem
ocratic policy.
Perhaps also. while our So
called liberal" friends are
even now spending taxpayers
money probing freedom of
speech and deploring "con-
formity Of thought, Repubh-
cans mean to actually prac-
tice these God-given freedoms.
Lila ID. Sonnemann
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Thanksgiving Prayer

/ thank you, God, for this
Thanksgiving cue.
l thank you that the needed
crops are IN
Before the snotD. before the
gold days IeGUe,
That lofts are fisIl and iUheGt
spills from the bin.
I thank you for the coming
months iDhen oil
This land lies TALON, silent
under sitoiD;
While orchards idle. no plump
apples JGl.
And cloUer sleeps till your
plan bids 70 pTotD.
thank yOI for this hearth,
for Sun-dried mood,
For family laughter on the
epentng stair.
For this great land tDhere
Washington once stood
As 40 UotD--ittS tau StTen0th
boiped IN prayer.
And may I. standing hHfnbly.
thank thee too
For pioneers t0ho kept this day
for you2
Elsie MeKinnon Stroehsp
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Transit Bid Stands

We OF the metropolitan
Rapid Transit Co. Of WASH
ington have been criticized by
our supporters for withdraw
ing our bid for the franchise
to be vacated by Capital Tran
sit Co. next August. We wish
to point out that we have
not withdrawn. We submitted
additional data, as required,
to the Public Utilities Com
mission on the November Z
closing date, but at the last
minute had to extract the A.
nancial portion Of this data, as
prospective investors decided
not to place their money into
Washington's surface trans
portation system. 1t is ap-
parent that Wall Street feels
that Congress has established
q threatening precedent by
passing the legislation which
removed Capital Transit's
franchise. after finding that
mo illegal actions on the part
of Louis E. Wolfson and his
associates were discovered in
the operation OF the Capital
Transit Co." tSenate Report
No, l27D.
Also, to correct a miScon-
ception, we would like to make
1t clear that even though Gen.
Lane twho did not attend our
conferences with the P.U.C.)
stated that no bidders cared to
operate the streetcars, we pro-
posed to not only operate but
improve the street railway Sys-
tenn. We surveyed six possible
methods for providing transit
service by August is, 1856, and
found that only by continuing
streetcar operation can an
economical ride be offered to
transit riders. This recent sur
vey, coupled with our nearly
four year study preceding re-
lease of our public transit mas
ter plan in August, has con-
vinced us more than ever that
all-hns operation cannot be
successful in Washington.
We want to assure our many
supporters that we are still sin
cerely concerned with Metro
politan Washington's transit,
present and future, and intend
to continue our efforts to
achieve for the Nations Cap
ital an exemplary public mass
transportation system.
Gordon j. Thompson,
Secretary, Metropolitan
Rapid Transit Co. Of
Washington.
Evening star., 1955-11-23

Then we can all 60 out and
gather dogwood leaves and
not feel sneaky about 1t.
SILVER SPRING, MD.
Dear Sir:
81 am one Of your many
friends who look forward to
your column each night.
my reason for writing you
Is that for the past month or
so we've been honored by the
presence Of a parakeet at our
feeding stations.
Efforts to catch him. by
myself and neighbors, have
been useless. He apparently
has been on the loose for some
time.
"He usually travels with a
band of sparrows and flies
away when they give the sig
nal.
"Once he did hop on a dish
of bird seed we were bringing
out, but that's the closest any
one has ever gotten to him.
I've tried talking to him,
holding out my hand or q
stick, but he seems to prefer
the wild life.
after each cold snap, I've
looked for him anxiously. So
far. he has survived OK.
I'm wondering whether q
parakeet will be able to sur
vive the ice and snow Of
winter. What do you think?
1t doesn't seem likely to me.
Should we make a more
concentrated effort to catch
him. or let him enjoy his new
freedom
Sincerely, D. L. s."
Parakeets are supposed to
be able to survive our winters,
under the tutelage Of their
sparrow friends.
We have always thought the
little blue birds put a sort of
special mark to the credit Of
the common sparrows, and
that sparrows deserve praise
for their care Of the parakeets.
Without the sparrows'
friendship. it is doubtful if
the Gagged ones would know
how to take care of themselves
outdoors.
Parakeets sometimes may be
lured by flashing mirror at
them.
If they won't come down,
they won't.
Freedom is a heady thing.
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Poy Scale Off

Within the past year a sub
stantial number Of civil service
positions have been removed
from the classified service and
placed under wage board
systems. The theory has been,
Of course, that the salaries for
such jobs would be based on
prevailing wages In similar
jobs in private industry in
each geographical area. How
ever soundly conceived the
theory may be regarded by
some. there are several as
poets Of the program in praeti-
cal operation that are both
inequitable and bound to re-
suit In lower employe morale.
First, different pay scales
for similar jobs within the
same geographical area have
been put into operation. For
example, in the Washington
area. the respective wage
boards for the Navy. Air Force
and Army have put into effect
different wage rates for SIM
liar work with the result that
q craftsman would be well
advised TO quit the Army and
join the Navy II he Is inter-
ested in more pay for the
same work. This Is hardly in
keeping with the basic civil
service concept Of equal pay
for equal work.
Another source Of friction
is to be found In the situation
In which employees working
alongside Of each other will
receive different wages for the
same work. This situation oc-
ours where new employees are
being paid at q newly estab-
lished prevailing rate which is
lower than the rate received
by present employees who are
protected against . cut in pay
under the law. This disparity.
Of course. is most likely to oc-
cur In nonindustrialized areas
and the change-over means
that In such areas the Govern
ment is relinquishing its role
as a model employer to con-
form to the lower standards.
A third aspect of the pro-
gram that is hardly consistent
with sound personnel proce-
dure Is. generally speaking.
the lack Of q provision for ap-
peal to an impartial body with
respect to the grade Of a posi-
tion. Appeal to the Civil
Service Commission is avail
able only TO the employe who
believes that his position does
not belong under the wage
board system and to the EN-
ploye who is q veteran and has
been reduced in rank or COM
pensation. All other employees
must confine their appeals to
their own agency which under
standably will be reluctant to
confess that 1t improperly
graded the position in the
first place. There seems to be
no good reason to preclude
impartial review OF position
and grade classifications by the
Civil Service Commission or
some other agency. Employe
morale is bound to be height
ened IL they know that their
''gripes' can be fully aired with
some chance or success,
Joseph M. Stone.
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Beacon of Hope

We can be thankful that at
least one member Of the
Atomic Energy Commission
does not think that the world
should continue ON the road
to oblivion without profoundly
searching for q way out.
Thomas e. Murray's sngges-
tion for a world test OF the H
bomb may not be good per-
sonaI or national politics. but
it shows that be is trying and
searching and hoping. Others
seem to have given up. Il. n.
Evening star., 1955-11-23

Attockinq Foreign Policy

Harold Stassen has returned from
Europe with report that our friends
abroad are puzzled and perplexed" by
Adlai Stevenson's strange dissent" to
our foreign policy.
Assuming this to be correct, it still
is something that cannot be helped. No
issue before this country today is more
important than our foreign policy. OF
course it is going to be debated-even at
tacked-in the political campaign that
is getting under way. The American peo-
pie and our friends abroad are entitled
to expect that this debate viii rise above
mere partisanship; that it win be con-
cerned with honest differences of opinion
and viii be aimed at real improvements.
But is it a debate which should-and will
go on.
Since Mr.. StaSSen did not spell the
thing out, there is no way of knowing
Just what he had in mind in the allusion
to Mr.. Stevenson's strange dissent" 1t
is possible, just possible, that Mr.. StasSen
was doing little politicking himself. In
any event, this newspaper does not think
that Mr.. Stevenson has put partisan ad-
vantage ahead OF national welfare In the
criticisms of foreign policy which he has
made up to this time.
That is more than can be said Of his
Democratic colleague, Averell Hartman.
The New York Governors address at Sc
attic on Monday night was filled with the
kind OF things politician says when he
puts votes ahead of everything else. Two
examples of the kind of currency In
which Mr.. Hartman dealt are suff1cient
to reflect the quality Of the speech
In a reference to the Geneva "sum-
NIT" meeting, he said: Tensions relaxed,
yes But unfortunately so did our de-
Tense effort" One would not expect a
responsible man to make such a state
ment unless he was prepared to support
1t with facts. Mr.. Hartman was content
merely to accuse Secretaries Humphrey
and Wilson Of talking about" cutting our
defenseS. The fact is that they were
not cut.
He also attacked the Korean settle
ment. Every informed person knew"
he said, "that unless the truce in Korea
included an iron-clad and enforceable
agreement with the Chinese regarding
Indo-China the result would be increased
Communist pressure in Wet Nam. And
yet the administration failed to take pre-
cautions against this danger and sure
enough, the Chinese heavy artillery re-
leased from Korea turned up in Indo-
China, and the fat was in the fire."
Does this mean that Mr.. Hartman
would have trusted Chinese Communist
agreement, when they have violated so
many? Or would he have chosen to con-
tinue the war?
II Mr.. Stevenson, as the probable
Democratic nominee. were trading in this
kind Of shoddy stun we could well afford
to be seriously concerned. But Governor
Hartman is not Mr.. Stevenson-even
though he did volunteer the modest COM
ment that II am much fattered and COM
plimented when anyone suggests (he
didn't say who made the suggestion) that
! have the qualifications for President" !"
Evening star., 1955-11-23

Q. When did the term virus
x first come into use?-D. w.
A. 1t was apparently coined
by a Los Angeles newspaper in
1947 in reference to a local
mysterious outbreak of illness.
@. Why is the manikin used
by hospitals in nurses train
ing course always called Mrs.
Chase? --E. NICE.
A. The hospital doll COM
memorates Mrs. Martha J.
Chase Of Pawtucket. r. L. who
made the first one in 1910.
Known all over the world as
Mrs. Chase" " the manikin now
comes in different models.
Male and child hospital dolls
also are used as training aids
for nurses. a
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Something to Chew On

I wonder whether the Keen
interest Soviet Russia has in
purchasing American hybrid
corn is not Of a purely strate-
gical nature.
In propagandizing the neces-
sity of developing agriculture
that Achilles heel Of Soviet
eco n o m y-Khrushchev. on
various occasions, has empha-
sized the necessity Of having
ample food reserves In case of
KarIis KalDirs.
Evening star., 1955-11-23
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry tDrtters correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sGtion.
Evening star., 1955-11-23

pattern. Centralized authority means
centralized responsibility and accounta-
bility. Highway building Is big business
and, as such, requires businesslike admin
istration. Anything less is disservice
to the taxpayers.
Evening star., 1955-11-23
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

to any factuai question BY writing The
Evening Star information Bureau,
1900 Eve st. NV. washington g.
d. c Please tnclose 3 cents Tor
return postage
Evening star., 1955-07-07

decided We deserved Q vacation.
and wen take one
Johnny Carson thinks he has
Ia new gag writer In one Of his
daughters. whose girl friend told
her, 'T have q cat that has nine
lives" To which Miss Carson
replied. $50 what? I have q frog
that croaks every night"
Jack Benny was discussing his
fayorite topic. Money is the
reason people work. 50 they car
retire. So what do I do? I'm
shooting my TV series all sum-
mer, and III only get two weeks
vacation. A man earning $50 9
week does better"
Before his People Are Funny
show, Art Lnkletter warns his
audience with, Ladies and gen.
tlemen. I want you to meet the
greatest producer in Hollywood
and he introduces his wife
Lois, mother of the i've Links.
released BY NANA)
Evening star., 1955-07-07
|Sofety Story Contest
Judges Announced

Judges were announced today
in the American Trucking Asso-
cations safety story" competi-
ton. open to news writer's.
Prizes are 5000. 500 and $50
for the best news or feature
stories on highway safety.
The judges are ]. o. Mattson,
president of the Automotive
Safety Foundation and chairman
of the White House Safety Con-
ference; Mai. Gen. George c,
Stewart, general manager Of the
National Safety Council, and
Truman Felt, Washington news
paper correspondent and former
National Press Club president.
Stories, printed between Me-
mortal Day and Labor Day.
must be submitted by September
80 to the American Trucking
Association at 1924 Sixteenth
street NV,
Evening star., 1955-07-07
Public Hearing Slated
On CSC Building

A public hearing will be held
lat IL am. tomorrow by q House
Public Works subcommittee ,on
Legislation to demolish the old
Civil Service Commission Build
ing at Seventh and F streets to
make way for a parking garage.
The bill is sponsored by Repre-
sentative Morrison, Democrat Of
Louisiana. It was introduced in
previous sessions of Congress but
met with strong objection from
champions of the building.
Evening star., 1955-07-07

IrYRrTY r 2los Pa. Ave. NV. re. 7.oIs1
wAAwA@ Air-conditionsd,
GREGORY PECK. WIN MN THAN
Mgss gnS.s:l sslp1'iSlo. Pii% A IgsSEs s4Hff
WTLEPn. WILD. tCoicg, with GEORGE and
Evening star., 1955-07-07

the civilized world IS per cent
Of all verdicts are reached on
the basis Of circumstantial
evidence" he said In an inter-
view. My case for Marlowe,
based on. the circumstantial
evidence I have collected, would
convince any jury that he wrote
the plays attributed to Shakes
peare.
Nothing Is known about
Shakespeare. The first of his
works-"venus and Adonis"-
appeared In 1893. when he was
80 years old. That was approach
ing old age In the Elizabethan
period. Very few persons lived
beyond the age Of 40. Why did
he start writing suddenly so late
in life? What was he doing up
to that time? Marlowe, on the
other hand, was acknowledged
by all his contemporaries as the
greatest playwright Of his day.
He was extolled for his scholar
ship and brilhance in many
contemporary writings. Shake
speare was never mentioned"
Marlowe. however, Is believed
to have been murdered in q
tavern brawl at Deptford in
1893. The first of 'Shakespeare's
works did not appear until four
later.
Doubts Murder Story
Mr.. Hoffman explained that
research in England and France
have convinced him another
man was murdered in Marlowe's
place. Marlowe, Mr.. Hoffman
believes. fed to the continent,
returning to live for years in
seclusion at Sir Thomas Wal
singham's home at Scadbury. In
his book, Mr.. Hoffman gives
evidence Of Marlowe's presence
at Douai in France three months
after his supposed death and
again in 1901 In company with
Sir Thomas.
At the time Of his murder.
Marlowe was in daily danger Of
arrest for atheism and heresy,
. warrant already having been
sent out in his name. The pen
atty for these crimes was burn
ing at the stake. MIR. Hoffman
believes that Sir Thomas smug-
gled Marlowe out Of the country
and had q dockside vagabond
killed and buried in his place.
The three men arrested for