davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Navy Pushing
Atomic Projects
BY JOHN A. GILES

The Navy, in the wake of
frank Capitol Hill criticism has
moved to accelerate its program
of atomic propulsion of ships
and naval aircraft.
To overcome a relative lag,
Navy Secretary Thomas has ap-
pointed two high-level advisers
to work with the Atomic Energy
Commission "in the accelerated
adoption of nuclear power for
surface vessels and planes"
They are James H. Smith. the
Assistant Secretary for Air, and
Admiral Arleigh A. Burke. the
incoming Chief of Naval Opera
tions.
Congress members were critical
of the construction program.
which contemplated four new
conventional-type submarines.
They pointed out that these
were being planned while Navy
officials glowingly praised the
first atomic submarine, the Nau-
titus. Construction of three con-
ventionally powered subs still is
planned in 1855, despite the criti-
cism.
The program also calls for a
Evening star., 1955-07-22
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike challenges the Russians swap blueprints all
military installations Expected Soviet reply rs cruel treat
ment Of tolng win throw thousands Of secret agents
out of work."
Senate committee investigates Air Secretary Talbotts
business connections Democrats claim that Talbot
doing business both sides OF the
street.
The administration United States production hit
record 1888 billion Biggest boom in doubleduty
towels The kind the Democrats throw nafer they get
through crying in them.
The Seawof, second atomic submarine is launched
The Navy thinks it's much safer under water They figure what
Defense Boss Wilson can't see, he can't cut.
White Assistant Sherman Adams refuses to testify
before Senate committee They Adams work secret
that he talks in sign he can't eavedop himself
They're calling Secretary Talbot boy of the
Air Force He drumed much business for his Arm
The Big tackles the question Of disarmament Ike
show his good faith His administration Washington giving
lots of ammunition to the Democrats
Evening star., 1955-07-22

fifth 60,00O-ton super-aircraft
carrier. The first Of these huge
ships. the Forrestal, will not join
the feet until October. The fifth
could not be completed before
1859. There has been criticism
on the grounds that the planners
should see how fast atomic pro-
pulsion for large ships will come
along.
The sea trials of the Nautilus
have demonstrated the value of
atomic propulsion. They also
have shown that the Nautilus has
deficiencies. But the Navy's own
confidence that the deficiencies
will be overcome was demon
strated by Mr.. Thomas in his
speech at the launching of the
atomic submarine Sea Wolf yes
terday at Groton, Conn. and by
his action in naming the Smith
Burke mission.
"The production Of nuclear-
powered vessels by the Navy has
come of age" Mr.. Thomas de-
clared. Congress has approved
plans to build four more nuclear-
powered submarines. This means
that this fiscal year the Navy will
have eight nuclear- powered SUBJ
marines in being or under con-
struction and "in rapid success
sion thereafter, many others"
"Of course our future plans
include nuclear powered YES
sells of other types. Development
of nuclear propulsion for larger
naval ships is well advanced. To
Evening star., 1955-07-22
DOROTHY THOMPSON
People Are Needed to Win oWor

lation of West Germany's
NATO commitments. For that
they would be willing to sac
rifice their East German
stooges. They do not want a
Big Four agreement on Ger
man unification but a bilateral
agreement with the Bonn gov
ernment. signed in Moscow,
that Britain, France and the
United States would subse-
quently have to accept, with
minor notifications, on pain
of being held responsible for
preventing unification.
The most concerned man
in Switzerland is not in
Geneva but in Muerren-the
West German Chancellor.
Other governments can wait,
and negotiate about disarma-
ment, atoms for peace, etc.
But now that the unification
issue has become the burning
issue in German politics, q
West German government
cannot wait. II it fails in
Geneva 1t must succeed in
Moscow or anticipate a sue
cesSor.
Evening star., 1955-07-22

show you the Navy's avid inter-
est in nuclear propulsion. the
Navy has seven different nuclear
reactor projects"
The objectives of the Nays
program include:
l. Large ship propulsion, pri-
marily carriers. A land based
prototype is to be started
shortly at the Aces Idaho sta
ton. This is the same step
which preceded the building Of
the Nautilus.
2. Seaplane propulsion. Mr..
Thomas said yesterday that
promise in this field is great
indeed This follows AEC-Air
Force research which for years
has been seeking a reactor so
compact as to permit it to be
mounted in an airplane. The
Navy sees possibilities presented
by flying boats such as the new
Martin SeamaSter.
3. Fuller development Of sub
marine propulsion possibilities.
Evening star., 1955-07-22

What would be the reaction
of the American people if j.
Edgar Hoover. chief of the
FBI, were suddenly to suggest
that his agents were to join
forces with the leading GRIM
inals and murderers of the
country for the purpose of
maintaining law and order?
Absurd as such a proposal
would seem, the proposal of
Marshal Bulganin for a Euro
pean security program to re-
lax tension and keep the peace
of the world is no less ridicu-
lous. and just as unbelievable
to anyone knowing the true
character of communism and
the brutal cynicism Of the
Kremlin dictators.
Bulganin, with q straight
face, actually proposes that
the worst culprit of all on the
stage Of world crirne-Com-
munist China-be appointed
to the role of observer" to
see to 1t that the Reds and
the free world keep the peace.
The Peiping regime is a
"peace-loving country" In the
Red meaning of the term, de-
spite the fact that it stands
convicted as an aggresSor by
the international tribunal Of
the United Nations and is gull
ty of outrageous and continu-
GUS violation of the Korean
and Indo- China truce agree
ments.
Yet, In the face of the in
sulting and degrading nature
of the Bulganin proposals.
there are no roars of outraged
principle from our leaders of
the Western bloc. So deter
mined are the top men of the
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Eisenhower Puts Reds on Spot

check upon the arbitrary use
Of any military force.
The Soviets are not likely to
stay on the spot very long.
They will sooner or later come
up with a variation of the plan
and win not fail to seek in the
court of public opinion as
much prestige as the President
of the United States got when
he offered to exchange blue
prints of our military installa-
tions as well as permits for
each others reconnaissance
craft to photograph anything
desired.
Certainly the pressure for
peace which has been rising
all over the world has reached
a sensational climax in the
Presidents proposal, though
it will be many months before
any real answer to it will be
forthcoming, since there are
many aspects to be considered.
In fact, the proposal itself will
be turned over to a United
Nations military committee to
study. This can be a burial
ground or q proving ground.
depending on what impact the
idea itself has made on world
opinion.
One thing can be stated now
the Western delegations to
Geneva thought out in advance
a few moves to Offset any
propaganda exploitation which
the Communists might be try
ing out. The aerial inspection
plan offered by Mr.. Eisenhower
and the proposal by Prime
Minister Eden that the East
ern and western military COM
manders sit down together to
discuss exchanges Of informa-
ton looking toward limitation
or reduction of arms are in
themselves evidences of the
earnestness of the Western al
lies in seeking a way to peace.
The Soviets will surely have to
bear the responsibility for any
failures. as the West now has
demonstrated its willingness to
go far toward reaching the
heart of the problem of "mu-
tual distrust. u
Reproduction Rishts Reseryed)
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Great Struggle Cannot Be Successfully
Woged Without Support of the Public

at least the appearance of
peace will win applause.
But it is, I fear, an error
to think that great states will
cease to pursue their obiec-
tives by other means than
war, and that the pursuit will
not cause continuing tensions,
against a background of still
vast armies.
If I read Alright what has so
far been said, the Soviet aim,
and the only one it considers
compatible with Russian secu-
rity, is still to become the sole
great military power in Eu-
rasia.
To do this it must break
up the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization, for which 1t is.
of course, willing to sacrifice
the Warsaw counter -NATO, a
front organization set up for
the precise purpose of being
sacrificed.
1t must prevent the unifica-
ton of Germany except under
conditions that assure its be-
ing gradually drawn into the
Russian orbit, and it must get
the United States out of
Europe.
I see so far no signs Of a
change of policy. only of tao
tics.
The real test lies in whether
Russian leaders consider it
more important to have their
way over Germany, or to have
the support of the United
States and the West in case
of aggression from a resurgent
Germany or any other state.
The Eden proposals, If the
Russians trusted them, would
guarantee Russian security.
But Soviet policy has never
been based on trust, and 1t
has been most successfully adj
Yanced by unremitting infil-
tration under disingenuous
slogans.
The Soviets hope to bring
down the Adenauer govern
ment and achieve the cancel
Evening star., 1955-07-22
BuIgonin Would Pick Chinese cuipiit
To See to 1t Thot World Peace Is Kept

West to squeeze some conces-
sion out of the Russians that
they appear to be willing to
endure the most insulting OF
Red tongue-in-check maneu-
vering without audible protest.
At this writing it appears
certain that the so-called sum-
NIT conference viii fail. BuS
the failure will be covered up
by the device of issuing op-
timistic communiQueS and
vaguely worded comments from
the chief architects present to
the effect that the conference
laid the groundwork" for fu-
ture sweetness and light. In
point of actual fact, the Rus
slams viii have budged not one
significant iota from their
usual intransigeance and OBJ
structionism. The only essen
tial difference between this
and previous high-level confer
ences is to be found in the
studied geniality. the smiling
friendliness of the Moscow
masters.
Up to the eve of his depar-
ture for Geneva, President Eli
senhower had no real hope
that anything constructive
could be accomplished by the
summit conference. Some of
his advisers. however. with the
notable exception of Secretary
of State Dulles, did see a pos
sibility that the Soviet bosses.
confronted with the fact of
West German sovereignty and
rearmament, would adopt a
more conciliatory attitude on
the matter of German unity.
This feeling of optimism on
the matter of bringing together
the two segments of the dis
membered German nation was
communicated to Chancellor
Adenauer, inducing him to
speed up his vacation" at
Muerren. Switzerland, just a
few hours from Geneva. His
two top foreign policy aides.
Ambassadors Blanckenhorn
and Won Eckhart, we're sent to
Evening star., 1955-07-22
DORIS FLEESON

The fisticuffs between Rep
resentative Adam Clayton
Powell, jr., New York Negro,
and Representative Cleveland
M. Bailey, liberal Democrat of
West Virginia, are the visible
evidence of an intense strain
on Democratic Party relations
with Negro leaders as those re-
lations concern legislation.
The school construction bill.
begged down because of an
antisegregation amendment,
is an almost certain casualty
during this session of Congress.
But Democrats will revive it
next year; indeed, they feel
they must revive it both as a
matter of principle and as a
practical political weapon in
the presidential campaign.
Looking ahead to the prob
lem of getting action on
schools, Senator Hubert Hum
phrey, Minnesota Democrat.
has written to Adlai Stevenson
suggesting a private huddle this
fall between liberal Democrats
and leaders of all minority
groups to find an area of
agreement. Senator Humphrey
has told Mr.. Stevenson, in ef-
feet:
"You are going to be our
nominee for President. You
will have to face this problem
sooner or later. Let's get it
handled now so that we don't
have to split publicly from our
friends to the joy and pleasure
only of reactionaries and Re-
publicans."
Evening star., 1955-07-22
House Approves
More Stockpilinq
Special Dispatch 10 The star

The House has voted to re-
quire the Government to con-
tinue full scale purchase of
strategic minerals under a pro-
gram to encourage their domestic
discovery and production.
1t passed and sent to the Sen
ate yesterday a bill which in
effect directs the Office Of De-
fense Mobilization to cancel
termination of its stockpile pro-
curement of tungsten, manga
nese. chromite. mica, asbestos,
beryl, and columbium- tantalum.
The bill would require the
ODM to continue buying these
minerals until the expiration in
1858 of the mineral development
program enacted by Congress in
1850.
Evening star., 1955-07-22
BROWN
Red Proposal Called Insulting
Geneva as unofficial observers.

Geneva as unofficial observers.
Mr.. Adenauer himself had
carefully refrained from ac-
cepting his invitation to visit
Moscow until after the summit
conference had concluded. re-
portedly feeling that his hand
would be stronger If the Ge-
neva talks brought forth any
improvement in the existing
situation.
But all these were false
hopes. The Reds are standing
fast on the German question.
seeming to prefer an indefi-
mite stalemate there in the
probable hope that internal
developments within West
Germany will gain their ends
for them in time. without the
necessity for conceding any
tnlng 70 the west.
So Mr.. Adenauer will go to
Moscow with his hand weak
'ened, not strengthened. by the
Geneva results. And the Ger
man people will be put on no.
tice. lrnmistakably. that the
reunification of their split
fatherland depends entirely on
the Soviet Union. West Ger
many is being told. in clear
effect, that she can string
along with the West and put
her revived army in the NATO
forces If she wishes, but so
long as she does so, the nation
will remain split.
This Shrewd maneuver puts
the Adenauer government In
a ticklish position with the
German people. and very much
increases the possibility that
West Germany will ultimately
be neutralized, as a first step.
and later oriented toward the
Iron Curtain through the eco
nomic and trade ties certain
to be pushed by the KremliHl
and equally certain to be well
coined with cheers by German
businessmen eager for mar
ketS.
If this is the result OF Ge-
neva to the West, the con-
ference, for all the fanfare.
will be more than a failure. It
will be a tragedy.
Evening star., 1955-07-22
DAVID LAWRENCE

President Eisenhower's pro-
posal to permit aerial inspec-
ton by Soviet planes over the
United States II American
planes are allowed over Rus
sia to photograph military in
stallations is intended only as
an example Of what the United
Nations can do some day as
the agency responsible for de-
tecting any violation of inter-
national agreements to limit
armament.
Today nuclear bombs in a
stockpile cannot hurt any,
body. Everybody comedies it
is the means of delivery"
which is all-important.
There's a. way to detect
whether a potential aggressor
is building up for an offensive
attack. It can be done as high
as 10 miles in the air above a
country and without detection.
Electronic eyes to aid detee-
tion make it possible for un-
armed aircraft to fly over air.
fields where planes are located
and to report daily or weekly
on the total number and the
nature of the craft.
The idea is not a new one.
On January Is of this year the
Organization of American
States asked the Government
In Washington, a member, to
furnish aircraft for observa-
tion of the progress of the
fighting in Costa Rica. Prior
to that time and since. there
has been discussion in military
circles of a possible treaty or
convention which would bind
all members of the United Ma
tions to submit to aerial in
spection. But if any potential
aggressor should refuse. and If
a crisis developed, the United
Nations even without a treaty
could order planes to observe
and detect possibly hostile
moves.
Such flights at great heights
can be carried out by un-
armed planes without detection.
and 1t would be a rare occur
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Russions Viii Have Difficult Time
Rejecting Aerial Inspection Formula

renee II they were shot down.
Probably the losses would be
accepted as one of the hazards
Of such a critical situation, be-
cause the advantage would be
to learn whether a surprise
aggression was in prospect.
The reason why military
men did not object when the
plan for a mutual agreement
was first discussed here several
months ago, and why they do
not object now, is because
American targets have been
photographed by newspapers
and magazines while locations
inside Soviet Russia have re-
ceived no such publicity.
Theoretically it would be to
the advantage of the free
world to have all maps re-
vealed and targets photo
graphed. so that this might
be an added deterrent to the
use of nuclear weapons.
The Presidents use of the
aerial inspection formula Is,
of course, a sensational move
1t has been worked on for
several weeks as one Of the
suggestions that might be
launched at the Big Four
meeting, and it is believed that
even congressional leaders
were "briefed" about it some
time ago.
In a sense, the move puts
the Soviets on the spot. They
can hardly mistake the sin
cerity of purpose behind it and
the desire to open things up
and find a way to apply eff
fective self-restraints so that
war will not be used as an
instrument of national pol
icy. Instead Of being content,
as the nations were in 1929,
with a Kellogg BRAND treaty
that renounced war, the pro-
posal now is to enter into a
program of mutual inspection
which will mean publicizing
arms preparations to the full
est extent in order that pub
lie opinion may exercise some
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Their Growing Demands Put Their Real
Friends, the Liberals, on the Spot

Senator Humphrey wrote
from the heart. His days have
been made a burden by Negro
leaders determined to make
everyone in Congress. go on
the record on segregation
amendments to various pieces
of legislation. They insisted
that he offer a segregation
amendment to the reserve bill,
which would wreck it and for
a time did. The President,
whose civil-rights record is
excellent, said the reserves
were too important to be
wrecked by a separate prob
lem. Senator Humphrey said
the President was right this
time and would not bulge.
Senator Humphrey, of
course, is uniquely able to be
independent in this field. In
1948, as a newcomer, he led
the successful fight for a
strong civil-rights plank in the
Democratic platform. Many
political observers believe that,
apart from the boost to mi
nority morale, this maneuver
elected Harry S. Truman.
In those days, Senator Hum
phrey was a swear word in the
South. Last week, Senator
Russell of Georgia, the strong
est single influence on Demo-
cratic Senators, said that the
party would not lose a single
Southern vote if Senator Hum
phrey were on the ticket for
Vice President.
Senator Humphrey is aware
that his detractors can say
Evening star., 1955-07-22

The statements and atti-
tudes of the heads of states
meeting in Geneva indicate
that all four recognize the out
standing political fact of the
times: That great wars cannot
successfully be waged. no mat
ter with what weapons, with
out the support of public opin-
ion, and that no nation today
can rely upon that support.
War, today, by reason OF its
all-embracing character requir-
ing a universal levy of men and
entailing universal suffering,
has become an enterprise hold
ing revolutionary dangers for
any state. Even those with a
monopoly of psychologically
scientific means to condition
the peoples minds cannot an
ticipate with certainty the be-
havior of their people in mod
ern war. The Russians should
certainly know this.
In the First World War the
Tsarist state was brought down
by mutinying armies clamoring
for peace. In the Second World
War, hundreds of thousands
of Soviet soldiers Joined the
invading enemy. That the
populations and soldiers Of the
East European satellite states
would be reliable in war is cer-
tainly dubious. But dubious
also would be the behavior of
other populations. War has
become for the masses of peo-
pie everywhere with the pos
sile exception of inf1amed Ash
ans) the last straw. 1t is the
given instrument for new revo-
lutions, secessions, mutinies,
revolts, seizures of power and
what not. 1t is the enemy Of
established political and social
systems. even where these have
been themselves established by
radical revolutions.
The leaders meeting in
Geneva know they dare not
fisk a great war. They know
that only efforts TO achieve
Evening star., 1955-07-22
Are Negro Leaders Too Insistent?

this proves he has weakened
on principle. His answer is
that his conscience is clear
and he is not going to give
public showings just to prove
that his veins run with civil
rights fluids. Nor, he adds, is
he going to allow anybody to
wreck hard-won Democratic
unity for a campaign as hard
fought as next years will be.
Right or wrong, Democratic
liberals are united in believing
that the Supreme Court has
made 1t unnecessary to wage
the bone-racking battles in
Congress that once aroused
the public conscience. They
argue that by continuing to
support social and economic
progress-the new 81 minimum
wage bill is an example-they
are doing more to help minor
tiles than by staging useless
segregation-amendment fights.
Negro leaders, of course, do
not agree, or they would not
be pressing their arguments as
they do. The fact they must
face is that the people who
now think them wrong are
not their enemies but their
friends.
There comes a point, too. at
which crusades reach a peak
where pause must be taken to
relax and regroup. The public
dictates that peak by saying
it has had enough for the
present. Many liberals feel
that minority rights reached
some such peak with the SUI
preme Court decisions out
lawing segregation; certainly,
the congressional liberals do.
Daily Sitka sentinel and the arrowhead press., 1955-10-21
Government has
 interest in furniture

JUNEAU (H) Judge Waltel H. Hodge this morning decided that the government despite lack of claim of such by its al gent, the FILA does have an in- |terest in the ownership of fur niture of the Cathedral apart ments at Sitka.
 The case which had taken on the overtures of a legal hanger from it's inception yesterday, concerns an effort by s.ockhold CTS of the Cathedral Building Corp. to restrain foreclosure on the 36 unit apartment building which was foreclosed by FILA last January for default of mort gage payments.
 Stockholders John and Mar .ha Cushing and pr. William C.. Charteris, oil of Sitka. assert the furniture is their personal property and does not come under the terms of the mort gage contract.
 They are seeking the value of the furniture plus rentals.
 Several times during yester- days trial session Judge Hodge expressed his perplexity about the issues involved since the FIA's own witnesses have not claimed any right to the furni- ture. Assistant FILA director Robert C. Magnuson and former Alaska director Clarence A. Carroll yesterday testified that not only had inc FILA not se- cured it's mortgage insurance with the furniture but that the FILA policy has always been to disclaim any interest in furni- ture.
 Judge Hodge this morning, while restating his conclusion, ruled that the FILA had a right to disclaim such ownership
 Effect of the judges ruling was to reverse the positions of the parties in the case.