Evening star., 1955-07-21
MOVES
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arrival here of top disarmament
and military advisers including
Harold Stassen of the United
States.
The question of disarmament
opens up the greatest possibility
so far for serious division Of
opinion within the Western
camp. Differences may be not so
much split between national
delegations as divisions within
delegations themselves. One of
the most curious features of this
conference has been the ill-dis-
guised differences of approach to
various issues between heads Of
state and their foreign ministers.
The most obvious conflict has
arisen between the free-wheeling
optimism of French Premier
Edgar Faure and the hard
headed skepticism of French
Foreign Minister Antoine Pinay.
But to a lesser extent. the same
pattern seems to apply to Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Secretary
'of State Dulles.
Thus in Mr.. Eisenhower's
mind the issue of disarmament
|boils down to a matter of in
spection. In his opening day
statement, the President drew
attention to the need for an in
ternational mechanism to insure
against "frightful surprises" of
unexpected attack.
Effective mutual inspection, he
said, would provide a "founda-
tion for real disarmament" The
implication was clear that in
Mr.. Eisenhower's. view such in
|spection system can be worked
out and that the United States
lis prepared to go as far as Rus
sia in permitting foreign inspec-
ton of our own military and
production plants.
Dulles Is Dubious
Mr.. Dulles, on other hand,
appears to put little faith in this
idea. He is believed to be ex-
tremely skeptical that any ade-
quate inspection system can be
devised, taking the view that any
system would depend on a Ger
tain degree of mutual confidence
and trust. The Secretary be-
lieves that such trust and con-
fidence is impossible as long as
Russia is led by men who profess
no moral principle and whose
decisions are restrained by nc
parliamentary process.
The same fundamental differ
ence of approach exists within
other delegations. In general
however, our European allies
lean to the view that an inspec-
ton system is in itself a SUBJ
stitute for confidence and trust
and that if agreement can be
reached on this point a genuine
disarmament program is possible
The chances of break on Ger
man reunification and a Euro
pean security system seem a
good deal less likely. The major
allied effort here is to keep the
two issues tied together-offer-
ing armaments limitation and
demilitarization of East Ger
many in exchange for reuniflca-
ton. The Russians are trying
to separate the two questions.
suggesting that acceptance of
their security plan would make
the problem of reuniting Ger
many later much simpler.
The plan tabled at yesterdays
session differs little from Soviet
Foreign Minister Molotov's pro-
Iposal in Berlin last year.
Observer Role for Red China
One change is that the United
States would now be admitted to
the security system as a full
fledged member while Red China
would be in merely as an OBJ
server. Another is that the plan
now looks forward to the ulti-
mate dismantling of all other
European military alliances, in
lcluding specifically the North At
Ilantic Treaty Organization, West
ern Union and the Warsaw pact
Neither of these changes is likely
to make the new Russian pro-