davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-02-07


Russia's declaration that she is
no longer at war with either
section of Germany.
In Bonn, Chancellor Konrad
Adenauer's government, acting
through Vice-Chancellor Franz
Blucher Grants BLYOU-wher) +,
called on Russia to give real
meaning to ending the state of
war with Germany by accepting
a peace treaty concluded in full
freedom" with a united Ger
many.
A wave of hostility met the
former Wermacht (VER-maht)
field marshal, Ferdinand Schor-
ner (-SHER-ner), on his return
from Soviet captivity. Hailed as
a mass murderer" he may be
tried again.
West Germany's former secur-
ity chief, DR.. Otto John (YAWN
who detected last July from the
West to the East sector Of Berlin,
is said to be working with the
embryo East German airline.
Also Karl Granz Schmidt Witt
mark G. Shmit VITT-mark)
former political ally of Chan
cellor Adenauer who detected to
East Germany last August. has
been made vice president of the
East German foreign trade
chamber.
Refugee Minister TheOdOr
OberIaender oh ber LEN
der) has announced that thou
sands of refugees are leaving
West Germany to go back to
the Soviet-occupied zone.
(All rights reserved)
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Our Presidents
By Honore M. CotudoI

Eighteen years ago to-,
day a great American states-
man died in New York City.
OF him President Theodore
Roosevelt had said that he
would "be regarded as the
greatest and ablest man who
has ever filled the position of
Secretary of State" Who
was he?
O. Twenty-Five years ago
yesterday. an amendment to
the Constitution was adopted
which changed the date of
presidential inaugurations.
Which amendment?
3-Fifty-five years ago yes
terday, the Governor of New
York declared firmly that
under no circumstances could
I or would I accept the nomi-
nation for the vice presi-
dency." Soon afterward he
became Vice President and
then President. Who?
ANSWERS on Next Page.)
Evening star., 1955-02-07

cago was 81 miles. The Duryea
car made the trip without being
pushed or pulled by any other
vehicle, but broke down several
times. The motor became too
hot and was cooled with the help
of chunks Of ice. The average
speed was about 8 miles an
hour. +@'
Two Benz cars from Germany
were defeated in that race. The
next year Charles Duryea and
his younger brother, Franklin.
Duryea, took two Of their cars to-
England for a race from London
to Brighton. The Duryea brothers
amazed the people of Europe
when one Of their machines was
first in the race. 1t finished an
hour ahead Of a French car,
which came in second.
Evening star., 1955-02-07
By Romon Coffmon

a teacher Of science at an In
diana normal school. After three
years of teaching and a short
period with a natural gas COM
pany, he turned to automobiles.
After a time he built a gasoline
car which travelled Z miles an
hour.
1t was In the next year that
Haynes entered the Chicago
race. He failed to win first place,
but the judges gave him a prize
Of $3.50 for the best-balanced
motor. 5E.
The winner of the contest was
the car entered by Charles
Duryea. At that time the road
distance to Waukegan from Chi
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Uncle Rays Corner

Sixty years ago a man in
an automobile was ordered to get
of the street in Chicago! His
name was Elwood Haynes.
Had Haynes driven in fast or
reckless manner? Hardly! His
machine was too slow to average
10 miles an hour. and Haynes
handled it with care.
That policeman was old-fash-
ioned. He rode a bicycle while do
ing his traffic work. He felt that
a motor car was danger to
people in buggies and wagons,
also to those who rode bicycles.
Haynes had come to Chicago
for a good purpose. He had enter
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Famous FubIes
By E. {. Edgar

UNDERSTANDING Poet
Edwin Arlington Robinson,
who never married, fire.
quently admitted his inabil-
ity to cope with women. One
day, while discussing his
poetry with a lady, he was
bemoaning his lack of un-
derstanding of the fair sex.
"How can you say that?"
said the lady. Il just fin
ished reading a poem of
yours in which you showed
a profound understanding of
women.
(Which poem do you
mean" asked the poet.
"'For a Dead Lady"
"Oh, that" said Robin
son. Il was referring to the
live variety"
QUALIFICATIONS-Dur-
ing his years as an educator.
President Woodrow Wilson
frequently expressed the
opinion that universities
were too liberal in granting
honorary degrees.
When he was president of
Princeton, he attended COM
mencement exercises at a
neighboring university. An
honorary degree was given
a leading industrialist, whose
qualifications for scholastic
recognition were hazy.
ITS hard to believe, )"
| whispered a fellow educator,
but this is his third hon.
| orary degree. Would you
mind explaining why he gets
| them?"
Its very simple" replied
Wilson. He is getting this
third one because he already
has two. He got the second
because he had one. And he
got the first, because-well.
because he had none"
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Word Come
Find 81 or more words in
TORTURE.
30

meaning, extreme pain. agony"
Average is 20; time limit. 20
minutes.
Rules Of the game--1. Words must be
of four or more letters. 2. Words which
Evening star., 1955-02-07

nl1y tnaC the
Germans are
not forgetful
of the former
C a pit al of
Germany or of
Soviet = held
E a S t Ger
m a ny. His
cou nterpart,
Wilhelm PECK
{ VII . helm
Peek) of East
G. e r m a n y
like W iSe in
B erli n, e X
4-II.l CA-.-A
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Answer tn PRuNELLA.
By Frank Beck

Answer to PRUNELLA.
pale, pane, pare, pail, panel, penal, pean,
peal, pear, pearl, plane. plan, plea.
plural, prune, purse, purl. pull, rale,
rape, real, reap, renal. rule, rune. ulnar.
unreal, nape, neap, near, null, earl.
earn. elan, lane. lapel lean. leap, leal,
learn. lure. lunar, allure. aper.
Evening star., 1955-02-07
Names in the News
(And how to pronounce them.)
Bv Constantine Chekrezi

Theodor Heuss (-Hoyss)
President of the West German
Republic, celebrated his 73d
birthday in West Berlin to sig
Evening star., 1955-02-07

All pass
OF course. Mr.. Dale didn't have
six certain tricks in today's deal,
but he did have a pretty good
chance to take that many. Mr..
Champion felt that he could of
fer a good chance for four tricks.
So he added his four to his part
ner's promised six and went di-
rectly to game.
Mr.. Dale had to be both good
and lucky to make this one. For
tunatsly he did not get a club
opening. Mr.. Meek chose to
open the trey of spades.
From the play of the king on
his right. it appeared to Mr.. Dale
that Mr.. Meek had started with
three or four spades to the queen.
The important thing was to keep
Mr.. Meek out of the lead to pre-
vent his making club lead
through dummy's ace-queen.
A spade trick had to be lost in
any case, so Mr.. Dale made the
good play of ducking the first
trick. A spade was returned and
he won with the ace.
He cashed the ace and king of
hearts and was sorry to note that
the suit did not break evenly. He
could not afford to lead another
trump at this point because he
needed one of dummy's remain
ing trumps to ruff a spade and
the other as an entry to his hand.
He switched to a diamond and
put up dummy's queen. Mrs.
Keen won with the king and re-
turned good spade. Dummy
ruffed and now Mr.. Dale came
back to his hand with a trump to
the queen and led another dia-
mond. He finessed dummy's
nine and it forced out the ace.
When the diamonds broke 3-3.
he discarded club on dummy's
fourth diamond. Lucky, but well
played. too.
Copyright. 1855, General Features corp.l
Evening star., 1955-06-24
Sd Marines Ex-Sergeont
Recalls Battle and Rain

OF the Sd Marine Division. a
former commander has said.
"There was none better"
And it's unlikely he could get
an argument out of any of the
800 veterans of the divisions s
World War II battles at Bou-
gainville, Guam and Two Jima,
who assembled today at the
Raleigh Hotel.
One of the men who saw all
three of these fights, former
First Sergt. John Bugel, of the
21st Marine Regiment, filled in
some of the details that are often
missing from the official his
tories.
The division was activated at
Camp Elliott, San Diego, Calf.
in September, 1912. After train
ing in New Zealand and at
Guadalcanal the Sd moved in to
assault Empress Augusta Bay,
Bougainville, in November, 1943.
For the next two months it
fought in the steamy jungles of
the island against "stiff and
heavy enemy resistance" accorda
ing to one official history.
II was there 63 days and it
rained go of them. Mud was at
least ankle deep all the time and
on bad days it was knee deep"
Another feature OF Bougain-
vile that stands out with Mr..
Bugal, who is now in the print
ing and publishing business in
Los Angeles, is the banyan tree
roots, which were so thick it was
almost impossible to spot Jap
snipers between them.
After Bougainville, the Sd
headed for the Marianas in June,
1914. 1t remained on troopships
Evening star., 1955-06-24

Japanese mainland. The end
of the war Cancelled that opera
ton and the division remained
on Guam until disbarded in De-
cember, 1945. 1t has since been
reactivated at Camp Pendleton,
Calf, in February, 1852. and is
now stationed in Japan and
OkinaWa.
Evening star., 1955-06-24
list stDivisionMorines Recall
Proud History in Pacific

The 1st Marine Division has
had about as varied a career as
any QUIT in the corps. And no
|Leatherneck division has a
lprouder history. In Korea alone.
the 1st won Al Congressional
Medals Of Honor.
Veterans of the 1st are bivou-
lacked here in the Willard Ho-
tel. One is 1t. Col. Warren S.
lSivertsen, one of the few who
were in on every engagement the
Division had in War II and
Korea.
II guess Peleliu gave US the
worst time" he said today. But
we had q pretty good socking
Iall though the Pacific"
Col. Sivertsen. now stationed
lat Little Creek, Va, founded
the Division association.
The lst Marine Division was
Iactivated in 1941, the first all
Marine Division the Nation had.
One of its regiments, the 7th,
shipped from Samoa while the
remainder Of the division headed
for New Zealand. Orders in mid
ocean diverted it to Guadalcanal,
and q half-year Of some of the
most vicious fighting in the his
tory Of man.
After the Guadalcanal issue
was decided, the division was
Withdrawn to Australia for a
rest of fond memory. Nine
months later it headed for the
combat zone again, this time to
New Guinea. Three months
latter it landed at Cape Glouces-
tier on Western New Britain, or
Christmas eve, 1943.
The next one was Peleliu, de.
scribed in the divisions officia.
history as "this unpleasant little
island of the japanese Empire
For two months Col. Sivertser
and the others SWapped killins
Evening star., 1955-06-24
Sd MARINES PATCH
Two, Guam, Bougainville

of fighting reached the northern
coast of the island.
The division remained on
Guam after the island was Sc
cured, helping with the lnopping- :
up operations and training for
the next move.
That came in February, 1945,
with the invasion of Two Jima,
in the Volcano Islands. when the
Sd Division was in on the Marine
Corps most famous battle of
World War II.
With the successful conquest
of Two Jina the division moved
back to Guam where it trained
for an invasion Of Kyushu-the
Evening star., 1955-06-24

alongside the 9Th Marine Divi-
sion and several Army devisions.
The battle lasted three months.
In 1850, when North Korea
invaded its Southern neighbors,
men Of the 1st Marine Division
went back to war. Part of the
division sailed as an undersized
brigade. The remainder got
ready to receive the influx of re-
called reservists, Col. Sivertsen
among them. BY September the
Evening star., 1955-06-24

division was reassembled' in
Korea.
The division made an am
phibious landing at Inchon and
drove toward Seoul. helped
secure that area and was shifted
by seas to the East Coast for an
other landing at Wonsan.
When Chinese entered the
war in overwhelming numbers,
the division was ordered away.
Evening star., 1955-06-24

as a floating reserve force during
the conquest of Saipan. before
going on in July to the recap
ture of Guam.
At Guam, the division hit the
beach at Asan and after 20 days
Evening star., 1955-06-24

with the defenders before the
island fell.
One more mission remained
Okinawa. The division went in
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

ans. Those who live In the cold
the cold forests Of Finland. The
Icelanders found Minnesota 10
their liking. Certainly. there were
few from Virginia. the CarolInas.
Kentucky or the South who came
TO Minnesota. Those who lived at
the outlet OF the Father of Waters
seldom sought It's source.
One OF the earliest efforts In
Minnesota was to adapt agricui-
ture 10 the cold. The earliest peo-
Piled seemed TO wish to show 10
the world that this wild. cold land
could produce two things. corn
and apples. Corn In the earliest
days were the nubblns of the
southernmost counties. Today the
corn line In at the Rainy River.
The Pond Brothers. early mis-
sionaries. showed a few crabs at
tho first fair In Minnesota. Some
twenty years later, Peter Gideon,
after years OF encouragement.
brought forth the Wealthy apple
at Minnetonka.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

Whether or not tho winters OF
these days are longer or shorter.
warmer or colder. than In the
days Of early settlement In an
issue that will never bc deter
mined. The official weather rec
ords show little difference.
However. those who came TO
Minnesota knew they were going
to a very cold country. undoubt.
"diy the coldcst state in the
Union. One OF the important ef.
fects OF the weather was In the
races and nationaltties OF the
people who migrated to the
North Star state.
The people who came 10 a cold
land were those who had lived
with the cold The Frenchmen
from Canada and the pioneers
from Maine and New England
knew the meanings OF cold and
snow, SO also did the Scandinavia.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

tered at Grand Portage while his
nephew went on TO establish Fort
St Pierre on Rainy Lake. The
party was reunited In 1872 and
built Fort 81. Charles In the area
now known as the Northwest
Angle.
This group built several forts
in the territory they explored.
These served as a basis Of trade
with the Indians and lie Veren-
drye devoted much of his time to
fishing, farming and to the crea-
ton Of good relations with the ma
tive people. His fur trade was not
profitable.
In 1895 lie Jemeraye died of
exposure. In that same year La
Verendrye's oldest son left with a
party TO meet an expedition from
the east which was bringing much
needed provisions. This party was
killed by the Indians on what Ia
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12
THE SHEEP DIED

In state which now has mil
lions Of cattle and sheep on It's
hills II In hard TO realize the DIFF
ficulties that Minnesota once had
In establishing It's herds and
rlocks In the pioneer times the
number of animals brought into
the state for foundation stock
would be- small. Wolves decimated
the sheep. Cattle were last on the
packleaa prairies. The Indians
would steal the white mans hor-
sea.
Tho Hudson's Bay Company had
attracted settlers TO the Canadian
side OF tho Red River Valley.
There was need for sheep. Men
were sent 10 find them. The
travellers set out In November.
1882 They walked 10 Fort Smell
ling and then on to st. Louis.
Here Il was found that the sheep
must be bought In Kentucky. by
about May first n flock OF 1870
had been bought and the herds
men started on tho slow and noisy
trip TO tho Red River.
In Illinois the sheep came In
contact with spear grass. The
herdsmen had never seen this
scourge before and did not know
that II would cause suffering and
death among tho sheep. II there
had been realization OF the danger
ioaa might have been avoided.
When the flock reached tho Min.
nssota River. more than a thous-
and had died.
Tho remaining three hundred
animals were driven through the
woods and across the prairies to
the Red River. They arrived In
September. 1898. There the AMI.
mails had TO contend with snow
and winter and most OF tho three
hundred which left the Minnesota
died In tho cold blasts on the nor
thern praIries.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

Henry II. schoolcraft Ia credit
ed with the discovery OF the
source Of the Mlsslssippi In 1882.
II In conceded that men Of the
early day probably knew of the
source OF the Father Of Waters.
The early fur trader knew that
once In they could not find an
other way out Of the lake later
known AA Itasca.
In 1904 one William Morrison
came 10 the real source Of the big
river. But he did not give the
world an account Of his expedi.
ton and discovery until 1869.
Schoolcraft aet out TO find the
source, he was well equipped with
helpers and witnesses and he gave
the world an account of his n
ehisvement as soon as II could be
written and printed. Historians
agree that ne deserves the credit
for his find.
Schoolcraft was accompanied
on this expedition by three In
tereSting men. One was Douglass
Houghton. who was OF outatand-
ing scientific ability. Five years
after the MlssisHippi discovery
Houghton was appointed Reolo-
gist Of the State of Michigan. lie
was the first 10 point out the pos
sibilities % the Michigan copper
and iron country. lie drowned In
a tragic night on Lake Superior
In 1915.
1t. James Allen. USA. wrote an
interesting aecoont OF the coun-
try. Rev. w. T. boutwell, latsr be-
came n missionary at Leech Lake.
There was goodly number Of
packers and canoe men and the
guide OF the party was the Chip
pewa Chlefain. OEawindib.
Tho headwatcrs lake was nam
ed itaaca. There are nj least three
conflicting accounts of the mean
ing OF this word, two OF them ad.
vanced by Schoolcraft In his own
writings,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

now known az Massacre Island In
the Lake Of the Woods. Thar re-
mains were buried at Fort 81
Charles and later identified. In
1908 a memorial was erected at
the fort. Fort st. Charles was
probably occupied for a longer
time than any French Fort on
Minnesota soil but after the
British conquest little is known of
II.
In July the 1855 summer tour
Of the Minnesota Historical So
ciety viii go to the Northwest
Angle and visit the site Of this
histric fort.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

trees Of Minnesota went to build
the railroads. Thousands Of miles
Of railroad constructed in Mime
sofa and the prairie states were
built OF Minnesota oak, birch or
tamarack. The task Of laying the
original ties was hardly completed
when requirements were needed
The work of cutting ties in the
woods was hard Most ties Of the
earlier days were hewed with a
broadaxe which might weigh from
eight TO fourteen pounds.
Loading ties for shipment was
probably the hardest and heaviest
work ever done in Minnesota A
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12
THE TIE LOADER

The Minnesota frontier was
marked by many kinds OF hard
and heavy work requiring strong
backs, firm hands and willing
spirit
The backs that carried In the
food and materials Of early days
became tired. There was much
hard physical effort required In
breaking the prairie sod. clearing
land Of timber and stumps, de-
veloping mines and building rail-
roads and highways.
Among the old timers, there
is an opinion that the railroad tie
was symbolic Of about the hard
est work ever done In Minnesota.
A large part Of the harvested
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

The pioneers Of Minnesota had
many, many troubles. but they
also had friend In the govern
ment OF the state.
In 1871 there were great prairie
and forest fireA In Minnesota.
They followed on the destruction
by great hail storms. Many died
In the flames OF their early
homes.
The Minnesota legislature was
generous for It's day and re-
sources. Twenty thousand dollars
was given for grain seed 10 help
restore the stoned and burned
fields.
The winter OF Is72-73 WAS prob.
ably the worst In the history Of
Minnesota, On January 7, 3 and
0. the state endured what was
then called an arctic cyclone"
Seventy lives were lost and 81
lost arms or legs. The legislature
voted five thousand dollars 10
help the victims Of the great big
gard.
In 1879 the graAshoppsr years
began. In 1874 the legislature
voted five thousand dollars for
general relief and 20 thousand for
seed grain.
The next year the graAshoppsrs
ate nearly everything in sight and
the legislative session OF 1878 vot-
ed $50. 900 for general relief and
$4,000 for seed. Those Of the
state who had anything left also
contributed.
The grasnhopper scourge lasted
through 1877 Again funds were
voted for relief and seed. A hun
dred thousand dollars was voted
AZ a bounty 10 hopper killers and
egg dsntroyera. Mono OF this
money was ever expended.
In ITS the legislature voted
$3.50. 900 for seed grains. This was
made In the form OF loans TO six
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

The story of Sleur dc Ia Vcren-
drye illustrates the hardship and
disappointments OF early explora-
ton. THIS man was tho last OF the
great French pathflnders In the
Northwest.
Born In Canada and a soldier
Of France In the War of the
Spanish Succession this man be-
gan a great expedition In 1871,
Accompanied by three sons and n
nephew. IL Jemeraye. he Journey
ed westward. La Verendryo win
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12
HoRSlNC AROUND

YOUNG FACES light up In a hurry
when there's Q merry Goround in
VOWED. Several Of these time, tested
riding devices win be located on
the Minnesota State Fair grounds
during the coming Aug ~ thru
Sept . exposition. Best OF all. the
hashy steeds can't kick back when
little feet dig into their wooden
backs, Many other rides and shows
on the midway. and elsewhere about
the grounds, will be keenly enjoyed
by aids at this years record fair
one Of the big free features booked
for Chlldren's Day. Monday. Aug ~.
will be Gene Autry and Champion.
his famed horse. heAdliners Of the
freq morning ErandstAnd show
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

When a married man pulls out
q fat wallet. you can bet he has
two things camera and
chIld."---Carrollton tKy.) News.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

: USE WANT ADS -
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

green tie might weigh from $50
TO over 400 pounds. The tie loader
was a chosen man. A tall man
could not do the work.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12
SHADES OF THE PAST 80.
sketches Of Minnesota History Prepared by Minnesota
8ociety
Prepared by Minnesota

thousand farmers In 80 counties 10
plant 223.72 acres Of land. Most
Of this money was repaid.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

The things a woman win do to
get a man makes us wonde. II It's
worth it."-Charley Grant.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-12

It's been
top secret"
for months
But now /
can tell you
about a brand