davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-08-20

lment said Gen. Sun had askec
. full investigation.
It said Kuo Ting-liang hac
served with Gen. Sun many
years. including duty with Gen
Suns first army in Manchuria
first served in the training corps
set up by Gen. Sun and later was
transferred to the general head
quarters Of the Nationalist Army
under Gen. Sun,
The statement said Kuo "re-
Inewed his activities in 1854.
when he conspired with others
Evening star., 1955-08-20

TAIPEI, Formosa. Aug 20, (R
Gen. Sun Li-jen. a war hero
in Burma area fighting, has lost
his job as personal chief oi
staff to Chang Kai-shek be-
cause his name was linked with
| q Communist agent.
An ofiicial announcement said
today Gen. Sun submitted his
resignation August 8 as "an ad-
mission of negligence" and Gen.
Chang accepted 1t.
A commission Of inquiry
headed by Vice President Chen
Cheng was appointed to make
an investigation.
Gen. Suns resignation follows
recent discovery of a Communist
spy ring headed BY a man named
Evening star., 1955-08-20

TOKYO, Aug. 20 (R.-Three
Chinese students. recently re.
turned to their Communist
homeland, told a story today o1
what they called "interrogarions
prosecutions, threats, arrests
and jailings" while being de.
tanned three and a half years in
the United States.
Peiping Radio. in a lengthy
propaganda broadcast, identified
them and the schools they al
tended as:
Miss Sha Yi-shen. University
of California; Huang Pae-tung
Texas AIM and Polytechnic In
stitute of Brooklyn. and Tu YEN
yae, Pennsylvania State Uni
versity.
Say They Lived in Fear
All said they lived in fear
They claimed there were other.
being held under similar condi-
tions. Red China has made the
same charge in ambassadoria
talks now under way at Geneva
to free citizens of the two ma.
tions.
Huang. a chemistry student
said:
II was imprisoned for III
days on Ellis Island. I spent
nearly four months in the
shadow of the Statue of Liberty
in a single, big. filthy room
crowded with hundreds Of people
which somebody compared to the
asylum in the movie Snake.
pit"
Tu, a student Of physics, said
IT was haunted by United State.
immigration authorities, cross
questioned and even put in jai
(for three days."
He said he was questioned frs
in June, 1850, about his politica
beliefs. Nine months later, i'm
migration authorities asked hin
to report and he asked q post
ponement to finish final exams.
Says He Was Arrested
1.-THE immigration Office sem
its agent to Pennsylvania STATE
University and arrested me or
the spot" he continued.
Tu said he was released, but
questioned again in 1852 before
Evening star., 1955-08-20
Newsmon Acquitted
On RoWles Chnrne

DOVER, Del. Aug. 20 (R.--
Robert Hagy of Laurel, Del. Q
correspondent for Time and Life
has been acquitted of stealing
"a picture Of Bryant w. Bowles
president of the National Asso-
citation for the Advancement Of
White People.
Judge A. B. Magee, jr.
dropped a petty larceny charge
against Mr.. Hagy after a lengthy
hearing in Kent County's Court
of Common Pleas.
The charge was brought BY
Bowles' wife.
Evening star., 1955-08-20

to form a clandestine organiza-
tion for unlawful activities.
The government announce
iment said Gen. Sun pleaded
negligence and oversight in the
matter and ignorance of Kuo's
subversive intentions which
might have caused serious
damage to the nation"
Evening star., 1955-08-20
|Chiong's Chief of Stoff
h |Ousted After Red Link

Kuo Ting -liang. Kuo was de-
clafed to have come to Formosa
under Communist orders in 1948
to make use Of his connection
with Gen. Sun to engage in
infiltration and subyersive ac-
tivities."
The government announce
Evening star., 1955-08-20
Hotels in Jupun

TOKYO.-Japan numbers IS
first-class Western-style hotels,
with Accommodations for a total
Iof 1894 guests.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
Germans May Want Unity,
But 1t Won't Come Easily

small farms with their new owners.
An indication Of the difference
in economic levels is the ST. ratio
at which East German marks have
been exchanged for West German
marks. Currency adjustment would
be painful, with sacrifices for both
sides. Credits would be needed to
bring up the production level Of
East Germany. Who would pro-
vide them, when West Germany
suffers already from a shortage Of
capital?
And what would happen to the
unified country's exports and i'm
ports? East Germany has been
trading almost entirely with Rus
STA and her satellites. West Ger
many. since she was cut OF from
her Eastern bread basket, has had
to export industrial goods to pay
for vital imports Of meats and fats.
German unification would have
far-reaching effects on world trade.
And would everyone be wanting
to go home? West Germany has
absorbed 10 million impoverished
refugees, million of these from
the Eastern Zone. East Germany in
turn has its own quota Of 1 mil
lion refugees from the lost prov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
Empires Have Been Shaken
Before by Religious Crises

Delhi, where other Sepoy troops,
ofdcered by Britons, were stationed.
The native troops turned against
their officers when they were or.
dered to oppose the invaders.
Scenes Of carnage greater than
those Of Meerut followed.
But the greatest tragedy was
reserved for the city Of Cawnpore,
containing q native population Of
$4,000. There were English troops
numbering 300 In o total European
population Of l,000--and 5000
Sepoy soldiers.
When the fighting broke out, the
Europeans fortified themselves IN
the hospital barracks.
There. soldiers. civilians, women
and children held out for three
weeks against the besiegers.
But it was a trick that finally
made the defenders give up their
position. Offered safe passage out
Of Gawnpore by water. they agreed
to lay down their arms and move
out.
AS they left, a colonel being
carried ON q litter. was hacked 10
death by q group Of Sepoys. his
wife was slain also.
The remainder of the evacuees
were led to the waterfront where.
as they attempted to push off in
boats, whitening fire was rained
upon them. Virtually al the men
were slain.
The women and children, 201 In
all. were imprisoned In two-room
building, each room 10 by 20 feet.
When their captors learned that
q British relief column was on the
way, all the captives were slain In
one night Of incredible butchery.
Remember Cownpore!
The tragedy affected the British
as the Alamo had Americans.
Remember Cawnpore" became the
rallying cry as British troops
rammed the bayonet home.
In their rage apd horror, the
British gave vent to excuses. Ma
tives who were believed to have
aided the mutiny were dashed to
cannon muzzles and blown to bits.
Others were hanged from trees
and used as live targets for shoot
ing parties.
But probably the cruelist punish.
ment devised was that accorded
ringleaders who were sewn In pig.
skin before execution thereby max.
ing certain their eternal damna.
ton according to their own un-
shakeable belief.
Colonial powers have learned .
great deal about other religions
since the Indian maSsacres. The
French, in fact. have been careful
in Morocco to avoid conflicts with
Mohammedenism. The incident Of
the deposed Imam, however. shows
that serious mistakes still can b
made.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
Republican Po|iticos Try to Learn
From Poor Showings in 1854

DENTS" was. in fact, political
workshop or laboratory. Bulletin
boards around the room carried al
most every conceivable type Of
campaign literature and such CAM
paign gimmicks as nail files, pie
cutters, buttons and slogans.
The highpoint Of the school from
the viewpoint Of the State chair
men was Mr.. Nixon's appearance
at Thursdays luncheon meeting for
q no-punches-pulled question and
answer period on the prospective
issues Of the 1855 campaign.
Nixon's Delight
Mr.. Nixon outlined what no
thought would be the Democrats
line Of attack and the Republican
way of meeting it. Al an example,
he said he expected the Democrats
would charge that the Republicans
favor big business at the expense
of labor and the little man. The
answer to that, Mr.. Nixon pointed
out. would be Republican emphasis
on prosperity and a record level Of
employment and income.
Was the school worthwhile? Uni-
formly the State chairman said IL
was. Regardless of the experience
you have in political organization"
said William w. Treat of New
Hampshire, you couldn't help but
take something away from meet
ing Of this kind"
George L. Hart, jr., the Districts
chairman, called the school highly
successful. For one thing, he
pointed out, it made the State
chairmen feel q real part Of the
national organization"
Mr.. Hall and other Republican
leaders are counting ON that feel.
ing TO pay high dividends next year
In sweeping Republican victory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
What United Stotes Does
In Morocco Could Well Be
Decisive in Bringing Peoce

French governments might well
have been too little. too late"
progress viii be slow indeed. In
fact. the present government may
topple. xge-@
At least. though, the Free ~
eminent is trying to do something
constructive about the situation.
The mere fact that the talks are
occurring Is big step forward.
However, one Is forced to note
this: Even II the government sue
ceeds In carrying through its an
nounced program (new Resident
General. substitution Of a Council
Of the Throne for the puppet Sui
tan. ben Arafa, formation Of o
Representative" Moroccan govern
ment. etc. it win not yet have really
bitten into the problem: What pow
ers ts the Moroccan government TO
have?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11

not needed. The disaster provided
Its own publicity.
Time only permitted the setting
Of the goal, which, incidentally, the
Red Cross holds was not too low
since the same standard was used
to determine 1t as in past cam
paigns-the areas ability to pay.
From there the mails took over.
Without being asked, local banks
accepted donations in the name Of
the Red Cross and forwarded them
az soon rs possible.
Contributions In group form were
submitted by self-appointed coIlec-
tors while chapter officials spent
their time keeping tally on the
amounts.
1.-THE drive was purely and simply
an emotional thing--the greatest
spontaneous outburst Of public gen.
crosby we have ever seen--an ele.
ment which seldom enters into our
annual March drives" Mr.. Bishop
said.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11

were not well organized, there was
not enough publicity stressing the
administrations accomplishments,
billboard advertising In many in
stances was poor, and some Of the
television programs, to use Mr..
Chotiner's words, were "juSt terri
ble."
Eight months ago the idea Of the
campaign school was settled on as
a means Of spreading throughout
the party the latest and most sue
cessful techniques of political cam
paigning.
Robert Humphrey, the. national
committees astute campaign di-
rector, took over the task Of organ
iZing and directing the school. AS
associates he had Mr.. Chotiner and
Clarence G. Adamy Of the national
committee staff.
The school was developed along
the three-point program that the
State chairman would be gathered
in q meeting at q national level;
V4AoI UAACyp Al tu1AS WOuAO A1O1o y
school for county chairmen, and
then, in a modified degree, the
county chairmen would hold schools
for precinct workers.
For the school here. Mr.. Hum
phrey lined up speakers and
specialists on such down-to-earth
political subjects as Embarrassing,
purchase Of radio and television
time. use Of direct mail, organiz-
ing Of rural voters and other cam
paign fundamentals. The speakers
would give hard information. and
not pep talks.
The school was conducted behind
closed doors Of the Sheraton Park
Hotels red-carpeted Continental
room. The room itself, with tables.
pads and pencils for the 10 "stu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
BY CECIL HOLLAND

State chairmen of a political par
ty usually are men experienced In
politics. More often than not, they
are a hard-bitten lot, wise in all
the ways and by-ways Of politics.
Notwithstanding this, Republican
State chairmen from the 40 States
and the District and from Hawaii
went back to school last week for
q refresher course in politics-and
liked 1t.
This was the campaign" school
conducted by the Republican Ma
tional Committee. A school on poll
tics is nothing new. But this was
the first time such a school had
been conducted on a national level.
The idea of the school grew out
of Republican failures in the 1854
congressional and gubernatorial
elections.
In the usual post-mortems after
the 1854 election, President Eisen-
hover himself contributed the basic
idea for the school. In q converse
ton with Chairman Leonard Hall
of the National Committee a few
days after the election the Presi-
dent urged that steps be taken to
broaden the party at the precinct
level.
Post Shortcomings
Vice President Nixon, who had
campaigned indefatigably for the
party's ticket, and his close political
adviser, Murray Chotiner, Of Los
Angeles, came up with some hard.
II unpleasant. reasons for the Re-
publican failures.
During the campaign they had
noticed that certain fundamentals
OF good campaigning were not
being carried out. Party meetings
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
By HOWARD L. DUTKIN

Recent outbreaks against French
rule In Morocco-partly Nationalist
tic and partly religious-are the
latest manifestations Of problems
long plaguing colonial powers.
The Moslem Moroccans were out
ragged when the French foisted on
them . hand-picked Sultan-Mou-
lay Arafa-following the exile of
the nationalist ben Youssef.
Ben Youssef is regarded as q
true Imam or religious leader by
the Moroccans. His custer by the
"inidel" French and substitution
Of new Sultan who many Mos
lens are convinced could not legal
" become an Imam, was resented.
Religion, Of course, was not the
only reason for the outbreaks. But
the dictated change in InlGms
rubbed salt in the wounds Of colon
ialism.
The French troubles recall some
Of the incidents Of 18th and 10th
century colonialism.
The plight of the British In
Northern India In 1857 stemming
from similar roots was not easily
allayed.
A religious dietary restriction
spanked the condagration.
A regiment Of Sepoy troops.
high-caste Hindus for the most
part, had been issued the then new
Enfield muzzle- loading rifle. The
cartridges contained q creased
patch at the top which had to be
bitten on and used to help ram
home the bullet into the rifled
barrel.
Unwittingly, the British NUM-
tons makers creased the cartridges
with animal fat. To the Hindu such
fat Is anathema.
The first big fiareup occurred at
Meerut, 40 miles from Delhi, in
Northwest India. A group Of Sepoys
who had refused to practice with
the disputed cartridge had been
sentenced to long prison terms. At
review that day they were made
to parade, shackled. in front Of
the sullen lines Of their fellow
native soldiers.
The Uprising
The next day-Sunday-Ss Brit
ish soldiers and civilians ordered
their carriages for church and
white soldiers. on pass. strolled
through the bazaar. the crackle Of
gunflre came from the Sepoy area.
Instantly the bazaar sector arose.
Crowds Of natives poured into the
streets bent on murder and plumber.
Europeans were hauled from
their carriages and hacked to
death on the spot. A colonel who
tried to halt q body Of Sepoys was
shot dead. Finally. British units
went into action and the mutinous
troops disappeared under cover Of
darkness.
The mutineers swarmed into
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11

Hardships placed on local gov
ernments In disaster zones could
easily account for generous contri-
buttons made by this areas many
town and city councils. None was
under 500.
Lesson for Future?
Did the Red Cross find In this
amazingly successful campaign q
magic touch to be used In future
non-emergency drivese It doesn't
think 50. Here's why.
The success Of last weeks effort
is all the more phenomenal for its
lack Of ofncial planning.
The annual campaigns to refill
Red Cross golfers are carefully ar
ranged affairs. Largely, their sue
cess depends on extensive publicity
programs and door-to-door solicita-
lions. That was not the case last
week.
The campaign ran itself. No solic-
itors were used because they were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11

inces. Would unification not auto
matically be considered only the
first step towards recovery of the
lost German lands?
Educational
A UNIFIED Germany would be faced
with two totally different educa-
tional systems, with different cred
its, standards and methods.
And there would be two armies,
one already existing in the East.
100000 men strong with Russian
type organization and Marxist
orientation, the other presumably
then existing In the West, under
civilian control and part Of q West
ern defense system.
Psychologically. too, unification
would be quite q problem. There is
always q deep chasm between those
who suffer and those who don't.
There is resentment and suspicion
In the East: there is pity. but also
condescension and complacency in
the West.
There is q young generation in
the East which has never known
freedom, has experienced only die
tatorship for "a years. This youth
has been forcibly nodded, but also
catered to, given responsible jobs,
been told, first by the Nazis, then
by the Communists. that they were
the wave of the future.
After denazification. will there be
accommodation? Who will deter
mine the guilt, who punish, who
compensate the wronged?
German planners are well aware
Of these problems, but they also
know that all Of them will become
worse and harder to solve the longer
,lnification II put OF.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
BY WEBB ELLIS

The world may be shocked by the
excuses Of both sides Ia the cur
rent troubles in French North
Africa. Surely, though. no one is
surprised that they occurred.
For q long time 1t has been ap-
parent that, unless drastic changes
M. Ellis is On AmeFicon lawyer with busi-
ness interests in Morocco. He hos been
q resident Of thot country for several
yeaFs.
were made, eruptions were iney-
table. To live In French Morocco
In recent years has been to live in
an atmosphere Of steadily mount
ing tension. with violence and
death . daily occurrence.
Despite the completely Of the in
terests involved. the fundamental
problem Is simple and clear: What
Is the role Of the natives to be?
They are rapidly growing in num-
Der. the annual increase IN North
Africa being about 100000 persons
(180. 600 In Morocco alonel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
American Role

WuAb AHGElc6 oOcS may well Dc
decisive In working out q reason
able solution which will bring peace
to Morocco. That has always been
true. And we are hardly IN any
position to cast stones at the
French. For, however reluctantly
we may have acted at times, We
have In effect backed France in
North Africa.
In the particular case Of Mo-
rocco. we have even gone 50 far In
our backing Of France Is to ignore
treaty rights which, II exercised.
could have changed for the better
the course Of events.
These rights come from treaties
In 1887, 1886, 1880 and 1906. They
are still in full force and effect.
They include the right to most
favored-nation treatment" that Is,
the right to be treated Is favor
ably In Morocco as any other ma
ton such Is. for instance. France.
The most important Of the
treaties, the Act Of Algeciras
$1,000, signed not only by the
United States and Morocco but also
by France and other powers, was
meant to serve as q charter for
modern Morocco.
The Key
The treaty established 1.-The triple
principle Of the sovereignty and in
dependence Of His Majesty the Sui
tan, the integrity Of his domains,
and economic liberty without any
inequality" In other words. Mo-
rocco was not to be the preserve
of any one Of the powers: Mo-
rocco's sovereignty. independence
and territorial integrity were to be
respected by all, with an "open
door" policy for trade and COM
merce.
America, then, has the right to
insist that France respect Mo-
rocco's sovereignty and keep Mo-
rocco's door open to business, with
out favoritism of the French. This
right has hardly been exercised,
however.
A vigorous insistance ON our bust
ness rights might well have kept
France from enclosing Morocco in
the franc zone. with restrictions
which work sharply to the advan-
tage Of the French. When Sidi
Mohammed ben Youssef was de-
throned by the French. did Amer
lea object? Not at all.
No Protest
The plot to dethrone the Sultan
had been apparent to any discern
ing observer for months before the
event. If America had warned
France not to do it. had stated that,
If France nevertheless went ahead,
America would not recognize the
new Sultan and would support any
complaint to the United Nations,
France would hardly have dared
such fragrant violation Of her
obligations to Morocco and to Amer
lea.
At the q. N. which meets this
month. America must take o posi-
ton on the Moroccan question. In
the past We have supported France.
Undoubtedly we will be Influenced
this time by whether or not France
is making prograss toward a real
solution.
Undoubtedly also our policy
makers will keep in mind the fact
that in Indo-C China we are now try
ing desperately to salvage some
thing from the wreckage Of O French
colonial regime.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-11
French Role

VIII the French government be
able to overcome its paralysis?
The situation having reached the
extreme stage, the French gov
eminent has opened talks with
Moroccan leaders. II one Ia to Judge
by what happened during the Indo-
China war, when the motto Of the
The Lincoln times., 1955-03-28
lilly Day" In
City April End

Lilly Day" will be observed Sat-
urday, April End. in Lincolnton as
we'll as in the other towns and cit
les in the 48 states.
The annual sale of miniature
paper Easter lilies, made by ham
dicapped persons. are sold on Sat-
urday before Palm Sunday to help
boast the Crippled Children S
Fund. Attractive young girls will
approach Lincolntonians and re-
lest a donation in exchange fol-
le Of these lilies.
The main streets of Iincolnton
will be decked with the most at
tractive girls that the city and
town can produce with their bas-
ket of paper lilies Proceeds from
the lily sale will help the Easter
Seal Fund to purchase wheeI
chairs. braces. crutches. artificia.
limbs and special shoes for Grip
pied persons in Lincoln County.
Any girl who would like to helr
with the lily sale is asked to con-
tact a member Of the Pilot Club
this week.
Buy lily and help crippled
child walk again.
The Lincoln times., 1955-03-28
Mrs. Betty Craig Is Named
Treasurer Cancer Fund Drive

has already served two years as
treasurer of the drive and is ia
miliar with the campaign work in
behalf of this worthy cause. She
has been very interested in the
cancer campaign. and will be glad
to receive contributions in any
amount towards the campaign
goal.
The cOunty'S quota in Cancer
Drive. beginning in April, is
S2.343.00. I'VE will need the sup
port of everyone i'm meeting this
goal. Mrs. Drum said. how
ever. am sure we will make the
grade"
Of the coming Cancer fund
drive. Mrs. Craig. treasurer, add
ed: "As you know people today
are becoming more interested in
how to fight cancer and are re-
questing that no flowers be sent
to funerals in their families. but
that instead the money be given
to the cancer society to help win
the battle against the disease. l
will be glad to take any such
amounts for the fund"