davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-10
WOLFSON'
Continued From Page A-25

Continued From Page AIS
things pretty much as they were II
he were permitted to buy Capital
Transit. When he did buy control,
the old management was bounced
promptly.
He also said he would become
a Washingtonian. He did buy q
house and move his family here and
try to join the established busi-
ness community. He met many re-
Bluffs, however, and moved back to
Florida. Since then he has been
called an outsider" and carpet
bagger."
Bad feelings have followed atro-
cious timing by the company. For
instance, in one three month period
in 1852, Capital Transit raised its
dividend rate, cut back service in
Maryland - pleading poverty -
turned the union down on O pay
raise request. applied for q fare
increase and won Supreme Court
approval of the much-opposed cap
tive audience" radio programs on
streetcars and buses.
Another poor public relations
move was the hiring Of James II.
Flanagan a month after he resigned
from the P. U. c.
And continual talk of liquidating
Capital Transit has made Washing
ton distrustful of Mr.. Wolfson--
even though he says liquidation
would be only a last resort effort
to save the stockholders invest
ment.
In town where the effusion Of
politicians is the established way of
public life, the owner Of q public
utility needs q little training in
glad-handing.
It is doubtful, however, II the
going-over awaiting him on Capitol
Hill will do much TO make Louis
wolfson into an Alben Barkley.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Earle Clements Is Well QuoIifie,
To Fill Lyndon Johnson's Shoes

the gas tax. In a Dixie-oriented
State he opened hospitals in Louis
vile in 1948 to postgraduate study
by Negro doctors and nurses; in
1850, he allowed State-controlled
schools to admit Negroes on action
by the Board Of Trustees.
Most Importantly, he balanced
the Kentucky budget, and says
he'd like to see the same thing
happen here.
Attributes for Job
Senator Clements brings with
him in his move up from Demo-
cratic whip to acting majority
leader many of the same attributes
that made Senator Johnson so ef-
fective: Organizational ability, a
built-in card index file in his mind
and a burning desire to get things
done as quickly, yet as neatly as
possible.
To Mr.. Clements organizational
ability goes credit for the health Of
the Kentucky Democratic party to-
day. He took over its leadership in
the mid-40s after the Republicans
had elected their first governor in
more than 20 years. Not only did
he heal deep splits but also headed
the ticket which swept the State
back to Democratic control.
Recently, while on trip back
home to Morganfleld the Senator
took visitor on tour of Union
County.
"Darndest thing I ever saw" said
the visitor when he returned to
Washington, "the Senator was
county judge back in the days of
WPA and all during the tour of
the county he named every road
and culvert that was put in with
Federal money. Why, he even gave
me the dates and the costs as well
as the rights-of-way involved"
All Of these things contribute
to Senator Clements feeling so
much "at home" in politics. Dur
ing the final year of his term of
Governor in 1851 he was made at
tractive business offers ranging in
salary from $35,000 to $4,000 o
year. He turned them down to con-
tinue in politics.
Politics, after all, comes as natu-
Evening star., 1955-07-10
BY JOSEPH F. McCAFFREY

For man who has Stunned pub
licity all his life Kentucky's Earle
Clements finds himself in an en-
barrassing spot as the ninth inning
replacement for the stricken Sen
ate majority leader. Lyndon john
son.
Although Senator Clements has
served 80 consecutive years in pub
lie life, he still refers to himself
as being mot very good copy" He
processes not to think anything he
says or does Is worth recording. AS
a result, his Office scrapbook Is slim.
This self-efacing quality has cost
the Kentuckian a certain amount
Of fame. A Kentucky friend says:
If a good man would only keep
track of his work in the Senate
and get notices out to the papers,
Earle would be one of the most
famous men tn the Senate"
But Senator Clements has never
found modesty a political handi-
cap. Historians say only 80 men
have served in the House, the Sen
ate and as State Governor. Earle
Clements is one of the 80.
Il think he's solved the riddle
Of politics." one Republican SEN
ator said recently, Most of us
stand in front Of the curtains so
wecan take the bows. Earle stands
in the back Of the curtain so he
never gets the blame"
Johnson's Bockstoee
Most observers credit him with as
much responsibility for the smooth
ness of the Senate's operations in
the 84th Congress as Senator john
son. who was in front of the cur
tain.
For relative Junior, Senator
Clements has had q rather spec
tacular Senate career. A year after
joining that body in 1851, he was
chairman of the Democratic Sena-
torial Campaign Committee. A
year and half later, at the 1852
Democratic national convention, he
worked behind the scenes to heal
the North-South split.
Says Minnesota's Senator Hubert
Humphrey of Mr. Clements Chicago
role:
II knew who Earle Clements was,
of course, before the convention
started. But after 1t was over I
knew why he had come so far.
There is man who has more horse
sense than any man I have met in
politics"
Mr.. Clements is-as a Kentuckian
would say-''right proud" of the
Democratic 84th Congress.
II don't believe that to be sue
cessful there must always be can
mons booming and rockets firing.
Just because there is no deep, emo
tional conflict doesn't mean this
session hasn't been productive"
Hord Worker
Senator Clements works hard at
whatever job confronts him, and
has little use for emotional debates.
When the time, for action comes, he
has the reputation Of acting fast
and handsome say ruthlessly.
As Governor of Kentucky he
cleaned UP the State park system
In iron-flsted fashion. He improved
State roads by the rather unpopu-
lar means Of adding two cents to
Evening star., 1955-07-10

the chest. q cough and difficulty in
breathing. The creeps cause burn
ing or itching Of the skin.
The biggest danger, however, is
hypoxia. AS the air thins out. the
lungs cannot bring in enough
oxygen to keep the blood clear.
The f1ier loses control of his mind
and muscles if he remains long over
$4,000 feet. If he goes higher with
out oxygen he passes out and
quickly dies.
The answer to the problem. of
course, is extra oxygen. The latest
Air Force oxygen equipment gives
the fiier more and more oxygen
until at $4,000 feet he Ii breathing
pure oxygen.
But still more is needed at higher
attitudes. 30 as he climbs onward.
oxygen is forced under pressure
into his lungs.
It's an odd sensation. When one
relaxes oxygen is sent rushing
through the mouth and nose into
the lungs. Then one must forcibly
exhale and drive the oxygen out.
It's called reverse breathing" and
takes considerable concentration at
first.
The continued rush of oxygen
into the lungs makes many flyers
breathe faster. When they take
in too much oxygen they upset
the. chemical balance in the body
and develop symptoms similar to
those caused by too little. And too
much can be as fatal as too little.
A Leoky Mosk
AS the pressure cha m b e r
climbed" to 10000 feet this re-
porter encountered another hazard
Of high-altitude flying. My oxygen
mask began to leak. Some of the
oxygen, instead of being forced into
my lungs, was pushed out under
the sides of the mask. I wanted
to tell the instructor about my
trouble, but I couldn't talk.
Each time I'd open my mouth
to complain oxygen would rush in
and drown the words.
Evening star., 1955-07-10

Finally. by pushing the words out
hard from deep in my chest, I
shouted into the microphone:
MY mask leaks"
Airmen 1/c Clarence B. Melton
and Ronald r. Lucas heard me at
their listening posts outside the
chamber and took it down quickly
to. 900 feet and safety.
There the crew demonstrated
what hypoxia feels like. I was
handed pack Of playing cards and
told to sort them into suits. Then
my oxygen mask was unlocked.
In q few seconds began to tingle
all over. I felt hghtheaded and
decided the whole high-altttude in-
doctrination course was . big joke.
My fingernails began 10 turn blus.
and 80 did the skin around my sves.
Decentralization
Just as 1t was getting Q little
difficult to find the spades pile in
front Of me, was asked, whats
nine times nine?"
At first I was angry because Of
this interruption. Sorting cards
was hard enough. But I tried to
cooperate. The problem. as I saw
it, was not to find the answer to
nine times nine. but to remember
the mathematical process by which
one did multiplication.
The next thing I knew a voice
was saying, did you know that
you passed out?"
I didn't, but the observers told
me I had been unconscious for 15
seconds after spending 81 seconds
without oxygen.
There was only one after-effect-
firm conviction that I had better
spend that 81 seconds in a thorough
check of my oxygen equipment II
ever got a tingly feeling during
a real fight.
1t is just this conviction that
the course is supposed to implant
in flier's mind. The finest equip
ment in the world will do little
good unless the f1ier knows the
effects Of hypoxia and is ready to
act fast If. he feels the symptoms.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Writer Learns
9 Times 9 Is
Not So Simple
BIZ RICHARD FRYKLUNp

The altimeter read $1,000 feet
as the airman leaned over and
asked. What's nine times nine?"
The fact that this reporter did
not know the answer should have
been fair warning that he was In
trouble. But instead Of feeling any
alarm he grinned, let the oxygen
mask dangle uselessly-and passed
out.
It happened in a low-pressure
chamber at Langley Field, Va, 90
there was no real danger. Airman
1fC Jimmy Whitley. sitting beside
me. hooked UP my oxygen mask.
and in few seconds ! was con-
scious and feeling fine.
Such experiments with hypoxia--
lack Of oxygen-are not done for
laughs though the victim
does look pretty foolish-but to
demonstrate In the only possible
way what are the symptoms of
q near-fatal lack Of oxygen. II q
fier doesn't recognize the first
tingly feeling Of hypoxia he won't
start in time to check his mask,
hose, indicator and gauges.
So to teach him the symptoms.
the Air Force carries him to q
simulated high altitude by remov-
ing the air in a large tank and
then takes his oxygen away. He
learns a lesson that Is hard to
forget.
Choirborne Flight
The decomposition chamber
flight" is only part Of a high alti-
tude indoctrination course that
every Air Force flier (and every ci-
william who finds it necessary to go
above $4,000 feet in an Air Force
plane) must take. Washington
area Air Force personnel take the
course once every three years at
Langley Field, the nearest low
pressure chamber.
It is q one-day course, with q
series Of lectures and training films
to show what modern high altitude
flight can do to the human body
and then a flight" to $4,000 feet
in the decomposition chamber.
Graduates know how to handle
themselves and their oxygen equip
ment at speeds and attitudes rarely
encountered before the jet age.
The simulated flight to 43 900 feet
takes about an hour If everything
goes smoothly. The airman in
charge uses the time to advantage
by reviewing the ground school
course.
It is when the air Is being sucked
out Of the chamber that one takes
seriously the stories Of what can
happen to the human body in the
thin air where modern wars are
fought. Lack of oxygen, excess nj
trogen bubbling in body tissues
and unequal pressure in body cavi-
ties can cause bends" "chokes, II
"creeps" and pains in the stomach,
sinuses and ears-and death.
Painful Symptoms
The bends cause a deep pain in
the joints or muscles. The chokes
cause Q burning, stabbing pain in
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Yes, We Believe
In Open Meetings, Free Speech

Some newspapers we have known like some ministers
we have known have had occasional to what
known the professions canned editorials and canned
sermons.
In newspaper TERMS canned editorial is one that
reaches the editors desk in print form All that
has to be done to specify the type of the heading and
send it on to the printer.
There is nothing particularly wrong with canned edi-
orla except that they do not of course reflect local or
original sentiment Nevertheless of these preserved
products are good Among these stock efforts
meetings, free speech and free press
In the belief that the sentiments are sound but should
be related to local conditions would rise the cause of
open public meetings this week. We have said before we
say now and shall probably have say again. that there
is NO excuse for public group using public funds public
purposes to hold secret meetings.
We say this to the School Board to the County Council
and every other public group Someday if we get little
more staff going to keep box score on the number
OF secret sessions held by public groups and print
the enlightenment of the electorate voting time We
regard the matter just that fundamental and so do most
people we know
Similarly with the question of free speech for civil
servants We recognize of course the necessity of admins
rave harmony in the advancement of united objective
But time of hired hands in the school system
or the County building has anything say of presumpve
interest to the taxpayer, we want hin, to, say it.
We may not like what the office-hoder says But we
would like to get all the viewpoints possible public matters
and would like to know of the character and phos
ophy of those who serve public funds.
In other words promise to defend the right of Dr.
Norris anybody else to speak up the pursuit of his
public responsibility.
The canned editorial said it better but it didn't seem
to have the conviction That's why we wanted to saw
it our way.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Salk Vaccine = Hope
For Other Gains

There time = not too long ago - when observers
in the health field justified in saying that the science
OF surgery had made great strides while medication had re-
manned static.
Needless to say these comments in vogue before
the discovery of the wonder drugs and certainly before
the appearance of the Salk vaccine against polio
The development of the Salk vaccine to our way of
thinking - illustrates three points.
First it is another vndcation of the methods of scien
tfc research in which in his laboratory builds on
the related discoveries of those who have gone before
Great and deserved the honor that being bestowed on
Dr. Sak And yet he would be the first to say that he bene
fitted greatly from the previous discoveries of many others
who had gone before him.
Without becoming emotional about it, we think there is
something thrilling in this continuity of effort by which
puny man tries and tries again to solve his problems 1t be-
speaks all the courage and enacty of effort with which
the race seeks to climb upward.
Second it that the discovery of the vaccine
is vindicaon of the faith with which many unortunates
endure daily physical burdens and torures the faith that
someday somehow, something will be found that will ease
their Affections.
namely the renewed hope which the workers in the field
cancer and other diseases taking from the great advance
that has been made in eliminating polio.
Ii research produce vaccine against polio who is
to say that research cannot also cure
The only question would seem to be that of providing
the funds to support the various research efforts over the
time necessary to bring forth remedy And time much
time be required before that research brings forth
fruit
To those who given of their dimes over the years.
the Sak vaccine brings special reward the satisfaction of
knowing that they aided although only in small way in
great human triumph
To those who would help in the conquest of other
human Affections the accomplishment in polio stands forth
as spur to continued effort 1t is right that it should be
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
By Dewitt S. Hyde,
Congressman

A new and more direct method
of electing our President and
Vice President had it's beginning
in suggestions by the Citizenship
Class of the Allegany High
School in Cumberland. The sug-
gestionS have been incorporated
into a Joint Resolution, which I
have introduced, providing for an
amendment to the Constitution.
The proposal to substitute a
more modern and efficient meth
cd of electing the President and
Vice President for the outmoded
Electoral College avoids the
shortcomings of previous at
temptS to moderniZe the institu-
ton. The requirements outlined
in the bill adequately protect
small states and at the same time
provide for a truly representative
election.
Last week I wrote of the meas
ures which 1 have introduced
this session which, in the main,
deal with the affairs of the 9th
Maryland District. I would like
to complete the picture with some
comments on national legislation
now pending before the Congress.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Area High School Starts
Presidential Election Idea

The President has sent to Con.
gress ITS recommendations for
legislation which he believes is
necessary to the carrying out of
good" government and putting
into effect policies which he be.
lieves are for the best interests
of all the people.
A start has been made on the
overall program to improve the
federal pay structure. Congress
has provided for pay adjustments
for the armed services, the ju-
dietary and its own members.
Two bills remain; one a compre-
henSive pay and classification for
postal workers, the other a pay
increase for civilian employees.
l believe that the bills, when they
are finally passed, will provide
fair pay increases and other bene-
fits for both groups of workers.
AS other important measures
come before the House 1 shall
comment on them. I want to
point out that most of the Con-
gressional committee work on the
program presented by the Presi-
dent has been done and the meas
ures will soon be before the two
Houses.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Propose Four
For Judicial
Vacancy Here

Four Montgomery County law
yerS were recommended yester-
day by the State Bar Association
of Maryland for elevation to a
vacancy that will be created this
week by the retirement of Chief
Judge Charles w. Woodward of
the Sixth Judicial Circuit.
They are Leo Bender, 908 Sill
yer Spring ave-, Silver Spring;
Trial Magistrate r. Duncan
Clark; ZOO Oakridge ave-, Chevy
Chase, former member of the
House of Delegates; James H.
Pugh, 1904 Rosemary St, Chevy
Chase, former states attorney,
and Joseph B. Simpson, Jr., 7218
Cedar ave-, Takoma Park, also
a former states attorney.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21

Editor,
Montgomery County Sentinel
Dear Sir:
We would like to take this op-
portunity to thank the many peo-
pie who signed a pledge to sup
port us in our campaign to rid
Rockville of the discriminatory
practices which now exist in most
of the food-serving establish
ments.
We also wish to express our
appreciation to the organizations
which are assisting us at pres
ent-the local chapter of the
NAACP and VFW Chapter 1868.
We noticed that mention of VFW
Chapter 1868 was inadvertently
omitted from the news story of
our leaflet distribution.
We especially wish to thank
the wonderful folks of Rockville
who were most polite and coop
erative to our leaflet distributors.
The warmth and respect with
which our people were received
strengthens our confidence in the
essential fair-mindedness of all
people We believe that Rock
vile has a real desire to see our
businessmen respond in the true
democratic tradition of treating
all human beings with dignity.
We feel our merchants do not
personally support discrimina-
tory policies and when they rec
ogniZe that our townspeople are
not in favor of a continuation of
obsolete mores, they will alter
their policies and add to the lus-
tire of our title of "All-American
City"
Sincerely,
Florence S. Orbach,
Chairman
Montgomery Civic
Unity Committee
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Beall Sees
Return Help
From Europe
BY Glenn Beall
!. S. Senator from Marxla

y
A significant message from the
White House, was sent to us re.
Gently. In the message, President
Eisenhower requested $3.5 billion
for mutual security in fiscal 1856.
This represents a fifty percent
drop from the appropriation of
$7.3 billion in 1852, the first year
of the Mutual Security Program.
The fiscal 1856 requests are:
1. Direct military assistance
Chiefly weapons), $1.4 billion.
2. Direct forces support (gaso-
line rations, medicine, uniforms)
$500 million.
B. Non-military assistance (de.
Tense support, development assist
ance, technical cooperation, UN
contributions, SIS billion.
The President pointed out that
about go percent of the total
worldwide funds are earmarked
for Asia, an area that received
only II percent of the funds in
1852. Western Europe received
IS percent in 1952,and this year
will receive only a small fraction
of that, chiefly for military pur-
poses in Spain and Yugoslavia.
This shift in emphasis is made
possible largely because of the
successful economic recovery of
our European allies. And this to
me is of the utmost Importance
these allies now contribute over
$12 billion a year to free world
defense-as much as they receiv-
ed in three years of the Marshall
Plan.
A high percentage of us. stra-
tegic material resources are in
Asia: 95 percent of the US. sup
ply of natural rubber; 76 percent
of our abaca; II percent of our
mica; SO percent of our tin; 65
percent of our cobra; IS percent
of our chromite; % percent of our
tungsten.
The Soviet bloc is stepping up
its offers of economic and tech
nical assistance to these Asiatic
nations, which the Communists
look upon as ripe for Communist
propaganda and subversion. AS
the President said in his message,
TT is part of our strategy to bring
some sense of progress and hope
to the peoples of these nations
bordering on Communist China
and the Soviet bloc"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-04-21
Army's Band
Leads School
Safety Parade

The U. S. Army Band, under
the direction of Major Hugh
Curry, has been named to lead
the Annual School Safety Patrol
Parade for the sixth consecutive
time, according to George Ham
mond, Traffic Safety Director,
D. c. Division, American Auto.
mobile Association.
Six hundred school safety pat.
rol officers from 1873 schools will
represent Mon G emery and
Prince Georges Counties in the
10Th Annual School Safety Patrol
Parade. A total of $1,000 safety
patrol members from % states
are expected to participate in
Washington's largest annual par
ade.
In addition to patrol members
the Maryland counties will con-
tribute five musical organizations
and drill teams.
Hammond said, "there will be
approximately 81, 900 patrol mem
berS in the parade, more than
70 bands and approximately %
drill teams"
The parade will begin prompt
ly at 9 a. m. on May 7 on Wash
ington's Constitution Ave. Police
expect the parade to last four
and one-half to five hours. Chief
attraction this year will be Hopa,
long Cassidy, and his horse Top
per, who has been named guest
of honor for the second time
Floats and safety slogans orig
mated by the patrol boys and
girls will lend color to the spec
tacle.