davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-31

The first action of the founders on going
ashore was always to give thanks to God
and ask his guidance. To have their deepest
roots in religious faith is in itself notable
characteristic shared by the II Republics
of this hemisphere.
3. Another identity We share is that the
economic life of all the American nations
rests on foundation of private initiative.
Our kinship expresses itself in other ways,
too. One Saturday afternoon stopped my
car near sandlot 'beisbol' game going
on in Managua, Nicaragua. The players
SWarmed around and we were soon deep
in conversation about Willie Mays batting
average.
We have tradition, too, of friendly and
peaceful cooperation as wildly demon
strated by our relations with the Republic
of Panama. For over so years the United
States and Panama have satisfactorily re-
solved our mutual problems, some of them
delicate ones, over the special situation
created by the Canal.
Pioneer Spixis
We HAVE similarity of outlook too -
a manner of facing and carrying on life,
pioneer spirit, which still owes much to the
frontiersmen. Our forebears throughout the
Americas were men and women who lived
on the edge of the wilderness and pressed
forward into it with gun and plow, prayer
and sweat. They knew that not only strength
but survival itself depended upon co-opera-
ton, on solidarity.
That is one of the reasons why the Organ
ization of American States, the structure of
Hemisphere cooperation within which our
II Republics are voluntary and equal part
ners, is SO firmly built. 1t is also reason
why this structure, which gave design and
pattern to the United Nations, originated
in the Western Hemisphere.
All these things being true, it is obvious
that what helps one of our countries in the
Americas helps all. And what harms one
will in the long run be harmful to all.
In next weeks article, shall speak of
the greatest threats to the countries of Latin
America - and hence the things most likely
to harm US all. These are the twin threats Of
poverty and Communism. shall describe
how / believe they can be overcome to fur
ther strengthen free and united Western
Hemisphere.
NEXT WEEK: Wkaf did the Guatemala
revOkafiOs mean? How dangerous Is Com
Hszsism In Lafis Anserica? WindiRg up his
report 10 fhe aafiOs on his goodwill trip,
Vice Presidea NirOs will give his 6ve vital
cOncl&siOas and the reasOas behisd Them.
Evening star., 1955-07-31

you look at this ring, you will remember
U.S."
As we left the Presidential Palace, in
Guatemala, the crowd in the Square began
to cheer, viva Eisenhower! Viva the
United States! Viva Castillo Armas! Viva
Guatemala!'' A thin-faced little boy of six
q guessed he was six because he had a
tooth out in 'front.' tugeed at my wife's
dress. She picked up the child and they
smiled at each other. From across the
square came shout, viva the Blonder'
and the whole crowd roared its approval
In Antigua, Guatemala, crowds packed
the streets SO tightly that walked about
mile to City Hall. At the entrance, a couple
of young Guatemalans hoisted me on tE.eir
shoulders and carried me up the steps as if
! had just scored the winning touchdown.
We were in Costa Rica on February II,
our Older daughter Patricia's ninth birthday
and the first she had spent away from her
mother. So my wife made an overseas tcle-
phone call to say Happy Birthday" The
next morning the story and the picture of
the two little girls receiving the call was
splaShed on newspaper front pages.
In every city we visited after that, some
one was sure to press Mrs. Nixon's hands
and say, II saw that birthday picture.
hope your little girls have very happy
year."
Every place we went was reminded of
the sinlilaritieS in our own way of life to
that of the other American Republics. Here
are some of our common denominators'
!. We have a common historical back
ground. This was impressed upon us when
we visited the tomb Of Christopher Colum-
bus in the Cathedral in the Dominican
Republic. In country after country we
found the same parallels - from discovery
through exploration, colonization, colonial
ism and revolution to constitutional democ-
racy as free and Independent nations.
Z. We have common religious heritage.
Evening star., 1955-07-31

mon United States citizenship and in their
independent Commonwealth status, pride
consecrated by the blood of their sons fight
ing under the Stars and Stripes in two
World Wars and in Korea.
Private citizens as well as officials in all
these countries left an indelible mark on our
memories.
Suailss &eg Fees
In TEGUcIGALPA, the capital Of Honduras,
| visited tuberculosis hospital for patients
who could not afford private care. A tall,
Immediately groomed Honduran surgeon
guided me through the wards. He had
taken his training in New York under an
eminent specialist in lung surgery and had
been offered position there. He could
have commanded high fees in any capital
of the world. Instead he chose to come
back to his own small country where he
devotes more than half of each day to per-
forming operations which demand the high
est technical skill. The only fees he receives
are the grateful smiles of the patients that
he has restored to health.
Every place we went we found friendship
for the US. We expected expressions Of
friendly sentiments from government Off
cials. But we found the same reaction
among people in all walks of life.
In city after city, we were greeted by
grade-school children singing ''The Star
Spangled Banner" in perfect English with
delightful Spanish accents. In Haiti, the
song sounded just as beautiful with
French accent.
In Nicaragua, when stopped the car in
one of the poorer sections, young laborer
whose callused hand had just shaken, took
a ring off his finger and pressed it into my
hand. tried to protest: mo, you can't
do that!'
''Yes, - he replied, 81 want you to have it.
We love the United States. This is in appre-
ciation of your visit to our country. When
Evening star., 1955-07-31
TIN UED

CONTINUED
There are the volcanoes in Mexico, the
densely cultivated coffee plantations in El
Salvador, the lakes in Nicaragua, San Jose's
incompatible climate, the vacation won
derlands of the Caribbean - Havana, St.
Thomas, San Juan, Ciudad TrujiIlo, Port
au-Prince. All of these we hope to see
again when there are no official duties to
interfere.
Here too, you find some of the most
impressive religious, cultural and historical
monuments in the Western Hemisphere
There is the Shrine of Guadalupe in Mexico,
the Citadel of Christophe in Haiti, the
oenturies-old University of Santo Domingo,
Oldest in the Americas.
Sometimes we forget that our neighbors
to the south have culture which is older
than ours. This was deftly brought home
to me when I visited the magnificent Uni
versity City in Mexico. asked DR.. Garlic
Flores, the brilliant young Rector of the
University. where he had studied. He said
that he was graduated from the University
of Mexico. Then with twinkle in his eye,
he added, Il decided to do my graduate
work at a younger institution, so went to
Harvard"
Harvard, the Oldest college in the US,
was founded more than 30 years after the
University of Mexico!
But, rather than the things we saw, it was
the people we met who made the greatest
impression upon US. regret that due to
limited space | cannot describe all the
government leaders it was our privilege to
meet. Two examples will illustrate their
high quality.
"Trasedy sE Mexico"
lHERE was President Ruiz Confines Of
Mexico. in my judgment one of the great
leaders of that country. Strong, honest and
able, he has real desire to raise the stand
ard of living Of his fellow countrymen.
After luncheon, commented on the beauty
Of Los Pihos, the Presidential Mansion.
Speaking slowly and with intense feeling,
he said, ''It is a beautiful mansion, Mr..
Vice President, but three hundred meters
away people live in caves. That is the prob
lem and the tragedy Of Mexico" Under
such leader, feel, Mexico is bound to
progress.
There was Puerto Rico's dynamic Cover
nor, Muiioz Marin. With vision and deter
mination, he has helped make that small
island Commonwealth a living refutation
of Communist propaganda which depicts
US as imperialists crushing the aspirations of
dependent peoples.
Everywhere we felt the friendliness Of
the Puerto Ricans, their pride in our COM
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Brown Patterson Engagement

HUNGRY HORSE-A Christmas
buffet supper was the occasion for
the announcement by Mr.. and Mrs.
Clint Brown, Whitefish, of the en-
gagement of their daughter, Mary,
to Don Patterson, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. ]. w. Patterson. The supper
was held at the j. w. Patterson
home Mary is in nurses training at
Butte Memorial hospital, and Don
is senior at Montana State college.
No definite date has been set for
the wedding.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Simmons
spent the weekend at Coulee Dam
visiting their daughter and family,
the Bert Carley'S.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bud Michels and Su-
san spent the weekend visiting rela-
tives in Missoula.
Mr.. and Mrs. Otto Nordstrom and
son, Harold, are spending the holi-
days visiting in Seattle.
Mr.. and Mrs. jackson from Or
vile, WASH, are spending the holt
days visiting their son and family,
Earl jackson.
DINNER GUESTS
Mr.. and Mrs. Clair Brassfield and
Mr.. and Mrs. Dick Greiner and child
rem were dinner guests on Christ
mas at the Bill Oberem home.
MIR. and Mrs. Oliver Newhouse and
family from Martin City and Mr..
and Mrs. Jack Thompson and daugh-
ter from Columbia Falls were din
ner guests at the L. X. Newhouse
home, Christmas.
! Mr.. and Mrs. John Wright were
dinner guests on Christmas at the
Jack Chaplin home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Pat McVay and
{, daughters and Mr.. and Mrs. r. D.
Jewell and daughters were dinner
guests on Christmas day at the Spud
Synder home in Martin City.
Mr.. and Mrs. Rueben Wagner Of
Missoula spent the weekend at the
Myron Sletten home.
! Janet Rickert spent Christmas
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Jacl
Rickert. Janet attends college il
MiSsoula.
/ DANCE SET THURSDAY
/ Don't forget the free public danes
Thursday evening at the Hungr,
Horse Community club There will b.
| a six piece band, donated by tn
. Musicians union and there will b.
drawings on door prizes.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Fete Ole Toftvm
With Open House

Open house was given for Ole Tof-
tum, Wednesday, in observance of
his eightieth birthday anniversary.
Party was given at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. Fred Schroth, with whom
Mr.. Toftum resides. Mrs. Schroth
is his daughter.
1sOther relatives in Columbia Falls
include his sons, Clifford and Les
ter Toftum. Family members in
clude Mrs. Emil Erickson and
Blaine Toftum, Mount Shasta, Calf,
and three sons Raymond, Leslie and
Wilferd, Bemidji, MINI. There are
Is grandchildren and two great
grandchildren.
Mr.. Toftum thoroughly enjoyed
having coffee and visiting with his
friends. His birthday cake, bakeo
by Mrs. Clifford Toftum, was large
enough to serve rs guests. Serving
the cake was Mrs. Toftum, with
Mrs. Bill Knapton serving coffee
Mrs. Howard Greene had made ros
cites, which were also served.
Mr.. Toftum was born in Norway
in a town, name translated, callet
Little Hammer. He came to the
limited States July "a, 1884 He farm
led in Wisconsin and North Dakota
fand did mill work after moving t,
Minnesota. He was employed by D
C. Durham at Bemidji, and ais
worked at Plum Creek Lumber CO
after moving to Columbia Fall
three years ago. Mrs. Toftum passe
away in January, 1858. They wer
married Nov. Is, 1908. e
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
DeodIine for Gee
Grain Loans Neur

KALISPELL - Farmers are re-
that there's only one month
before the deadline for taking out
Commodity Credit Corporation loans
or purchase agreements for most
of the major grains and for ssme
other important crops.
j. A. Brinkerhoff, chairman Of the
Flathead county agricultural stabl-
ization and. conservation committee,
advises that Jan. 81 is the final
date for approving loans and pur-
chase agreements for the eligible
1855 crops. However, applications
must be in before this date to allow
time to complete the necessary in
spections and other details. To play
safe he suggests that applications
be filed at the county ASC office at
Room 70, Conrad building on or be-
fore Jan. Is,
Crops to which the Jan. 81 dead
line applies are wheat, barley, oats,
rye, flaxseed, and dry edible beans.
The chairman said that, as Of
Dec. Is, farmers in Flathead county
had taken out commodity loans on
the following amounts Of 1855 crops.
Barley-62,61 bushels; wheat
19O.974 bushels; oats-27, 917 bushels,
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Barbara RuwIinus.
jones Powell Wed

KALISPELL-A nuptial event of
the Yuletide season was the wedding
Monday of Barbara Jean Rawlings,
Kalispell, and 1t. James Lee Powell,
Helena. The Rev. w. P. Griffiths
performed the double ring ceremony
at S p. m. at Christ Church Episco-
pal.
Parents of the bride are Mr.. and
Mrs. Carl Rawlings, Bigfork, and
the groom's parents are Mr.. and
Mrs. Leland Powell, Helena.
The bride was given in marriage
by her father in setting of Christ
mas decorations of evergreens, red
ribbons, candles and standards of
mixed flowers. Organist was Mrs.
William Dickinson. Miss Nancy
Hughes, cousin of the bride sang
20 Perfect Love" and ''The Lords
Prayer" The bride chose a gown
of white slipper satin with fitted
bodice and full length skirt, finger.
tip veil, seed pearl cap and match.
ing gauntlets. She carried red poin.
settia on white prayer book.
Attending the couple were Mrs
Alden Hamann, Libby, sister of the
bride, as matron of honor and 1t
William Mills, Helena, best man.
A reception was held at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Hughes, the
brides aunt and uncle where Christ
mas decorations frightened thu
scene The four TERED wedding CAKE
was topped with a red poinsettia ant
circled with Christmas balls ant
evergreenS. Those assisting wer'
Mrs. R. D. Damon, Mrs. Carl Mage
and Janet Hughes.
| Mrs. Powell attended Montan;
State college, where she was a mem
Der of Chi Omega sorority. 1t. Pow
ell is a 1855 graduate of Montan
State college, where he was affiliate'
with Sigma Alpha Epsilon, and
now in U. S. Air Force, stationed q
| Maiden Air Force base, Maiden, Nc
The couple will make their home 8
Maiden.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Mayor ProcIoims
Dime Drive Month

Columbia Falls threw its official
weight behind the 1856 March of
Dimes when Mayor H. A. Benzien
named January March of Dimes
Month"
Mayor Benzien pledged his full
support to the national polio fight
and issued proclamation calling
upon the entire community to join
the fight by giving generously. After
declaring that polio isn't licked
yet, the mayor made the following
statement:
Whereas the Flathead county
chapter of the National Foundation
for Infantile Paralysis used $7361. 76
to care for polio patients stricken
in 1855 and previous years, and
Whereas an unknown number of
our fellow citizens will be stricken
and need March Of Dimes help be-
for the Salk vaccine, developed with
March of Dimes funds, is univer.
sally used, and
Whereas care and treatment fol
all present and future polio patients
must be continued; scientific an(
clinical research must go forward
and the training of specialists tt
combat polio in laboratories ant
treatment centers must proceed,
Therefore, l, H. A. Benzien, May
or Of the city of Columbia Falls, d.
hereby proclaim January March o
Dimes month and urge all citizen
to give generously of their time ant
money to the 1856 March of Dimes.
| Columbia Falls drive chairman
| Bob Marantette, announced the fol
| lowing committee heads for tn
coming drive: Ed Gilk, schools
; Mrs. Ben Hyndman, mother
march; Mrs. Basil Everin, coin CO..
lectors; and Joe Spencer, specis
events. Mrs. Bill Bruey will lin
/ up talent from Columbia Falls fo
I the annual talent show over radi
station KGEZ, scheduled this yea
for Jan. %.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30

Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Eckelberry and
son, Lowell, Mr.. and Mrs. Erwin
Kloock and family, Mr. and Mrs.
Dave Johnson and Mr.. and Mrs. Bill
Mckinley and children we're dinner
guests of Mr., and Mrs. James Eckel-
berry Christmas day.
FAMILIES TOGETHER
Mr.. and Mrs. George Mattheisen
entertained their son and family,
Mr.. and Mrs. Edward MattheiSen,
Kalispell, Christmas day.
On Christmas eve Mr.. and Mrs.
Griffin Mattheisen and daughters
and Mr.. and Mrs. George Matthei-
sen were visitors of Mr.. and Mrs.
Val Zimmerman in Creston.
Mr.. and Mrs. Griffin Mattheiser
and daughters were Christmas day
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Knute Ode.
gard in Creston.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Here and There

Bad Rock Home Demonstration
club meets next Wednesday for .
l:So dessert at the home Of Mrs
Henry Casterline. Co-hostess is Mrs
Leslie label. Roll call is to he an
swered with a new years resolution
rro]ect of the afternoon will be
Lighting In The Home" led by Mrs.
Howard White.
Three C's meet, Monday 7.ao n
M, at the city hail.
Royal Neighbors Sewing Circle is
70 meet, Jan. IL, at the home Of Mrs
merle Greenland. Meeting was can
celled in December.
Bud Gilman is a surgical patient
at kalispel General hospital. MRS
Gilman is staying with Mr.. and Mrs
Darwin Lundstrom and Karen.
George Settera Jr., is vacationine
WIN his parents, Mr.. and Mrs
George Settera, sister and brothers
George attends Mt. Ellis Academy
seventh Day Adventist school. at
bozeman: He's hobbling around as
the result of three broken toes in
MS right foot when an anvil in the
school shop fell over.
Seasons greetings to friends here
nave been sent by Miss Beulah M.
hayson. She is at Robincroft, Pasa-
dena. Calf. It is a home for retired
deaconesses and missionaries.
DR.. and Mrs. w. F. Bennett and
sons were Christmas dinner guests
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Chris
Cneff and family. Evening callers
were Mr.. and Mrs. Don Lietz. Mar.
tin City.
MIR. and Mrs. Charles E. TAYLOR
Charles and Diane, and Mrs. Charles
Taylor, ST., returned to Columbia
Falls, Wednesday. They visited Mrs
Taylor's parents, DR.. and Mrs. Ty
lar Phelps, Missoula.
| Visiting at the home of Mr.. AM
Mrs. Charles Taylor is Mrs. Charlie
Taylor, ST., Grand Marais, MINI.
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Riley and fiv
children are renting the Highway
home owned by Mr.. and Mrs. Hill
lard Ritter. They came here from
Phoenix, Ariz. Mrs. Riley is tn
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Stall
man.
Spending Christmas day with MI
and Mrs. Klaas Dewitt and daugf
tiers were Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer FLAG
mark and Bruce, West Glacier; MI
and Mrs. Ed Koford and Gayle, Ka
iSpell.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Roger CosterIine
Home from MISC
by Mrs. Dan Sullivan

BAD ROCK-Mr. and Mrs. Charles
Logan, Mr.. and Mrs. Dean Logan
and daughter, Judy, and Roger Cas-
terline were guests of Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry Casterline, Christmas day.
Roger, a sophomore at Montana
State college at Bozeman, is spend
ing the holidays with home folks.
Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Geissler
were guests of Mr.. and Mrs. James
Mcdonald Christmas day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Eddie Anderson en-
tertained Mr.. and Mrs. Leslie label
and sons, Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Weed
and children and Mr.. and Mrs.
Everett Baker and children, Christ
mas day.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. E. Runsvold, Kali
ispell, were Christmas day guests
of Mr.. and Mrs. Dan SULLIVAN.
Mr.. and Mrs. M. o. Smith were
Monday evening dinner guests of
the Henry Casterlines.
MlSSOULA VISITORS
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Taylor and
daughter, Penny, were recent callers
on Mr.. and Mrs. Bernard Geissler
They are living in Missoula, where
Paul is working for the city bus
company. Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Taylor
are living in Missoula, too. Jack il
employed at the Missoula Mercan
tile.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lester Backus wer,
Tuesday evening dinner guests o
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Lewis.
i Luther Brown and family wer'
i Christmas dinner guests of Mr.. ant
!, Mrs. Fred Klingler in Kalispell.
4 Pvt. Berl Buck arrived home t
spend the holidays with home folks
He will return to Camp Chaffee
Ark, and will be there until the las
of March.
Mr.. and Mrs. Howard Buck an
family we're dinner guests of MI
and Mrs. Dale Powell, Kalispel
Christmas day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Glib Morris and Joh1
Mr.. and Mrs. John Gross, Kalispel
and Mr.. and Mrs. Ernie Wilken el
joyed Christmas day as guest (
Mr.. and Mrs. Dan Gross in Bigforl
Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Kloock, Ka
ispell, Mrs. Elizabeth Eckelberr.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Services Held For
Fred J. Roth, 80

Funeral services for Fred j. Roth
N Columbia Falls, we're held We'd
nesday at 2 p. m. at the Waggener
and Campbell chapel, Kalispell, with
burial in Conrad Memorial ceme-
terry.
Pastor C. M. Rasmussen of Our
Sayior's Lutheran church officiated.
pallbearers were A. /. DiShart, G..
W Harrington, r. G. Allan, Mike
Sterback, Byron Dale and Otto
Schroeder. a ~
Mr.. Roth passed away at the Dehl-
bonn home two miles north of Col.
umbia Falls, Sunday.
He was born Feb. 81, 1875 at
Two Creeks, Wis. On April 10, 1899
he was married to Sophia Marie
Drier at Manatowac, Wis.
As a young man, Mr.. Roth was
a lighthouse keeper on Lake Mich
igan.
After he was married, the fam.
ily moved to Nielsville. Wis, where
he was farmer and also owned
and operated single mill.
Later the family moved to Rapid
City, S. OAK. where MIR. Roth was
an engineer at a planning mill.
In 1916 he homeSteaded on the
Fort Peck Indian reservation farm
ing and raising cattle. In 1916 the
ROths moved to Columbia Falls
About five years ago he became
an invalid, and has been living will
his daughter, Mrs. H. R. Dehlbom
Survivors in addition to Mrs. Rotl
are three daughters, Mrs. H. R
Mabel Dehlbom, Columbia Falls
Mrs. Ernest (Myrtle) Peterson, Kali
ispell, and Mrs. M. C. (Bernice
Moe, Great Falls.
There are three grandchildren
Dick Dehlbom, Columbia Falls; Mrs
Guy Dodge, Lewistown, and Karel
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Helene Oks Plans
For FIuoridution

HELENA = Fluoridation of the
city's water supply to help prevent
tooth decay today was approved by
the city commission.
The action ended year of discus
sion over the controversial subject
and made Helena, with population
of about 1900, the largest Mon.
tana community of five that now
have approved controlled fluori
dation.'
City Manager Henry Rolfes, Jr.
said the program would begin a.
soon as equipment can be purchased
and installed.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Rocky Mountain Riders
Schedule Election

Election of officers is business
planned for Jan. 10 meeting Of the
Rocky Mountain Riders Saddle club.
Meeting was held. Tuesday, with
AL Greene presiding. Report Of the
successful Christmas dinner, Dec.
IS, was given. Club members at
tending and committee members
were thanked for their support.
After the meeting, bingo was played.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
Final Promotion
Prizes Awarded

A youth, Donald Allan, received
first prize OF $120 Saturday in final
awarding of cash prizes in Buy it
in Columbia Falls trade promotion.
Second prize of $50 was won by Mrs.
Ralph Robinson.
The cash awards concluded an
eight week promotion sponsored by
Al Columbia Falls business firms.
Hungry Horse news. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1948-current, 1955-12-30
George Herringtons
Married 81 Years

Mr.. and Mrs. George Harrington
observed their fifty-fourth wedding
anniversary, Monday. Friends call
ed at their Columbia Falls home
during the day.
Their son, two daughters, and
families were unable to come to
Columbia Falls because of weather
and distance.