davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

1T is becoming increasingly
clear that the current violent
attack gain3t Government
witnesses and against the FBI's
confidential sources of infor-
nation has many of its roots
in a Communist effort to stem
the successful campaign
against subversion."
The case of Harvey Matusow
is pertinent. He now has been
ordered to Jail by a Federal
judge for contempt of court
because the judge held he had
lied in his attempt to reverse
earlier testimony which had
been corroborated by six other
witnesses. The conspiracy by
which Communists paid Matu-
SOW money to write book that
could be used in the plot to dis
credit Government procedures
in handling security risks now
has been fully exposed and is
a matter of record in a Federal
court in Texas.
But those cleft wing" writers
and cartoonists who hailed
Matusow's alleged change of
heart with enthusiasm haven't
apologized to their readers.
Some have merely continued
to argue that, after all, the
FBI should have known Matu-
SOW wasn't truthful in the
first place. But the original
testimony he gave in this case
was corroborated at the time,
and the principal person he
then accused of being a Com
munist has since refused to
deny under oath he was a
Communist.
What the FBI and the Gov
eminent didn't anticipate was
that the Communists would
win Matusow over and that
lot of people would swallow
the claim that he now was
telling the truth and didn't
tell the truth before.
The Communist menace will
not be defeated in this country
unless all Americans, irrespec-
tive of their political inclina-
tions, recognize the tech
niques of communism, espe-
cially when they dupe innocent
people with their propaganda.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

wrote for the Readers Digest
a paean of praise for Presi-
dent Eisenhower's actions in
the race relations field.
The State Department, he
said, has decided to regard
his journey with benevolent
indifference" He will travel
with the United States Air
Force to Hawaii, Manila and
Japan. The Indonesian in
terlude-from Manila to ia
karta and return to Manila
he will travel commercially
at his own expense.
The Congressman is prob
ably not blind to the publicity
possibilities at Banding, but
that is, of course, a weakness
he shares with all his COL
leagues. In that connection.
it is unfortunate that the
beautiful and talented Mrs.
Powell is not going along.
He is expressing in still
another way the growing I'M
easiness in Congress over the
rightly and inf1exibility of
so much of United States
foreign policy. Senator George.
the foreign affairs patriarch
of the Senate, has just ex-
posed it amid much fanfare.
A group of young House mem
bers made their restiveness
known recently in a series of
short speeches from the floor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

point where somehow the two
lives meet-though neither
knew the other then-becauSe
of the ordeal through which
Atlanta went that left its
mark upon the young minds of
each-and, if you please, upon
their souls.
This reporter can not tell
now whether it is remembered
experience of the time, or
something he was told then
and afterward that has be-
come the same as memory. 1t
is all like a long-forgotten
dream, a dark atmosphere of
night and whisperings about
the house and men patrolling
the streets with rifles and
shotguns.
Nothing happened in our
neighborhood.
After Walter White had
graduated from Atlanta Uni
versity he became active with
the local chapter of the Ma
tional Association for the Ad-
vancement of Colored People
and. in 1918. went to New York
as assistant secretary of the
association. He had attracted
the notice of James Weldon
johnson who was then Sec
tary of NAACP.
The other young man be-
came a newspaper reporter
after college and got another
rude awakening when he
worked in a small Southern
city where an atrocious lynch
ing occurred. That left another
mark. .
Before this time, and for
many years afterward, Walter
White was on the front line
for his race. He visited the
scenes of lynchings to gather
the facts for his association
as the basis for the campaign
he directed through the years
to stamp out this crime. Per-
sonally he investigated IL
lynchings and eight race riots,
and from one adventure he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Attacks on Security Program
All Americans Are Urged to Learn to Recognize
The Techniques of Communist Propaganda

account a case like that of
Petersen, who was caught with
the goods. To this day 1t has
not been disclosed what other
governments obtained the Sc
cret documents after they got
into the hands of one foreign
government that was not en-
titled to receive them.
Yet one editorial writer re-
Gently claimed that all this
wasn't so bad after all because
it was not proved that Peter
sen was a Communist or that he
did what he did because of any
Communist connections-as If
it matters whether the motive
can be clearly established
when a security risk is proved
to have betrayed his own gov
eminent.
There is a widespread at
tempt to create a smokescreen
around the security procedures
so that a lot of steps can be
interposed which will ham
string the detection process.
One of the favorite methods of
attack is to argue that all Gin
formants" should be required
to Identify themselves in Gov
eminent proceedings - some
thing that would dry up many
sources of information for the
FBI.
Some well-meaning persons
believe in the theory that all
confidential form a tion
should be disclosed in Govern
ment procedure with reference
to security risks. They are mis-
taken, of course. But, although
many of the critics have no
connection with Communists
or communism, their criticism
does not suddenly become valid
for that reason. For the aim
of the Communists is to dis
credit the Governments Sc
curity program and impair the
FBI, and they will win a big
victory if Government person
mel hearings can be forced to
adopt all the dilatory and
obstructive procedures which
were exhibited in Judge Me-
dina'S court when the II Com
munists were on trial. The At
torney General in his Boston
speech touched on this point
when he said:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Thomas L. Stokes
Walter Whites Many Works
A Tribute to q Devoted and Tire|ess Man Who Worke
Miracles in the Difficult Field Of Race Relations

barely escaped with his life.
All through the years he was
working also for removing
determinations of all sorts
against his race. 1t was many
years ago, in 1929, that he
became secretary of NAACP
when Mr.. johnson retired, so
that he long had been a ia
miliar figure here in Washing
ton lobbying for antilynching
legislation, for a fair employ
ment practice law, for an end
to segregation.
One devoted and tireless hui
man being can work miracles,
If he keeps forever at his cause
as did Walter White. So, in
time. the various waves that
he stirred up here and there
all over the country finally
washed up last year into the
great white building here
where sits the Supreme Court
of the United States.
Its decision banning segre-
cation in public schools was
a memorial to Walter White.
1t was, now that he has gone
on, a sort of final chapter in
the story that began two score
and nine years ago back in
Atlanta. Ga.
One who was there then, too,
and who came later to know
Walter White and to admire
his courage and his patience
and his understanding, wishes
herewith to say:
Farewell and thank you!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
State Department Ban gnored
Representative Powell Will Visit Afro-Asion Farley
Despite Government Efforts to Dissuode Him

Mr.. Powell's opinion that as
an American Negro member of
Congress with long experience
he could help his country at
Banding remained mistaken.
He has also persuaded DR..
Marguerite Cartwright, a Ne
gro member of the New York
University faculty, to attend,
and has arranged for coverage
by the Negro press.
Reporters. of course, are
not affected by the State De-
partment prohibition, and a
substantial number plan to
cover the Banding proceed
ings. According to Mr.. Powell,
they will include Louis Lautier,
the celebrated new Negro
member of the National Press
Club here and Ethel Payne,
White House correspondent for
the Chicago Defender.
The situation has unusual
and challenging aspects. Mr..
Powell, of course, has all the
rights of a member of Con-
gress, and they are many. He
will without doubt loom much
more Importantly in the Asian
press than if he were white.
He is not a member of the
House Foreign Relations Com
mittee but he is an impressive
and articulate speaker.
A Democrat, he was much
quoted by Republicans in the
last campaign because he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
ForrestaI Diaries
Dispute Macarthur
On YaIta Advice
BY the Associated Press

NEW YORK. Mar. 24.-Gen
Douglas MacArthur's disavowal
of any connection with Yalta
added fuel today to the debate
over release of the conference
papers.
The former Far East COM
mander said yesterday he did
not have the slightest connec-
ton with the 1945 Yalta confer
ence.
Had his views been asked, he
said, he would have most en-
phatically" advised against
bringing Russia into the Pacific
war "at that late date"
The latter statement differed
from an account in the pub
lished diaries of the late James
V. Forrestal, then Secretary of
the Navy, and brought about d
question as to which version
was correct.
A diary entry dated February
%, l945, more than two weeks
after the Yalta conference
ended, quoted Gen. Macarthur
as expressing the need of an
immense Russian military effort
in the Far East.
Contends mistake"
Informed of this, Mai. Gen.
Courtney Whitney, an aide to
Gen. Macarthur, said the For
restal version must have resulted
from a mistake in editing.
what is printed in the For
restal diaries" Gen. Whitney
said, lis what Forrestal told
Macarthur, not what Macarthur
told Forrestal."
) However, Walter Mills, who
edited the Forrestal papers.
commented:
'The quotation as it appears
In the book is an exact repro
duction of Forrestal's own diary
notes"
In Washington, Senator Leh-
man. Democrat, of New York
commented that Gen. Macarthur
may not have sent specific rec
concentrations to the Yalta
Conference.
Cites Policy Advice
But, as commander in the Pa
cific, he was one of the chief
architects of military plans on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Thomas L. Stokes

Two score and nine years
ago a fearful thing happened
in the city of Atlanta, Ga.-a
race riot.
Out of that tragedy came
inspiration for a career that
has meant so much for the
Negro race-and for the white
race, too.
A boy of Is stood guard at
the window of his home with
his father. Each had a pistol.
They were ready to defend
their home and their family
a mother and five girls. But
the oncoming white mob was
diverted when a volley burst
from the Negro home next
door.
AS a result of that expert
ence the boy, Walter White,
decided that. though white of
skin, blond of hair, and blue
OF eyes-he was only 1854 Ne
gro-he would cast his lot with
the Negro race and devote his
life to them to do what he
could to stop such horrors as
race riots and lynchings and
to abolish determinations of
all kinds. He could have
passed for white.
Now he is dead, at 81. in
New York. The newspapers
are recalling how much he has
done for his race in the years
between with his work for the
National Association for the
Advancement of Colored Peo-
Pile For the change-for bet
ter relations between the
races, for an end to lynching
and riots, and for the crum-
bling walls of segregation-we
all owe SO much to Walter
White.
His life, and what he did
with it, has special meaning
for another who was q boy
also in Atlanta in 1906 at the
time of the race riots. q few
years younger than the boy
Walter White. For, way back
across the years, there is q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

amount to a surrender to the
Communists in order to at
tain such an objective. which
ultimately may be only an
illusion.
A Big Four meeting dealing
exclusively with European
problems which could be
stabilized without much effort
may be acceptable. But Pres
ident Eisenhower and his adj
visers know that no meeting
with the heads of states of the
three European powers can
take place without the Rus
SLAMS interfering the Far
Eastern question. This was
well illustrated last January
when we went to Berlin to talk
with the Muscovites only on
Germany and Austria. No
other subjects were contained
by the agenda. But we ended
in another deadlock on these
two vital matters and with an
agreement to attend a confer
ence at Geneva where the
French were forced to sur
render northern Wet Nam to
the Communists. The chances
of the remainder of Indo-
China remaining free are less
than slight. At Geneva the
Soviet and Chinese delegates
played as a closely united
team. The American, British
and French cohesion did not
exist even in name.
Thus the picture for a con-
ference this year, as the Re-
publican leaders in Congress
see it, is that we either yield
the remainder of East Asia,
including our defense arc in
the West Pacific, to the Com
muniSts; or if America stands
by Its guns, a new and possibly
irreparable Schism with our
Western European allies will
be the offShoot. 1t is this
realization which has induced
Sir Winston Churchill, who
never in the past missed a
chance to urge us to attend
such a meeting. to refrain
from mentioning this matter
lately. He is reported to have
been astonished that the SUBJ
ject had been revived in
Washington, from whence he
had received hitherto strong
advice to let sleeping dogs lie.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Doris FIeeson-

Representative Adam Clay
ton Powell, jr., the New York
Negro who is serving his sixth
term in the House, has per-
sonally overruled the ukase of
the State Department that
Americans should not attend
the Afro-Asian conference at
Banding. Indonesia, April
1924.
Mr.. Powell has accepted an
invitation from the Indonesian
government to be their guest
during the conference. His
wife, pianist Hazel Scott, was
included in the invitation, but
a previous commitment for a
Town Hall recital will not per-
init her to accept.
The State Department up to
the last attempted to dissuade
Mr.. Powell from his decision to
go to Bandung. 1t will be an
interesting conference, since
Red China will be there and
can be expected to make as
much propaganda hay as pos
sible.
Assistant Secretary Morton,
a former House colleague of
Mr.. Powell, explained they
wanted to avoid any appear
ance of the United States try
ing to manipulate the confer
ence. Not being an African or
Asian nation. this country was
not invited to attend.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Vanishing Wilderness
Seen in Next Is Years

LANSING, Mich. - The great
outdoors will be under tremen-
dous pressure from expanding
population expected during the
next Is years, says DR.. Charles
B. LOOMS. a sociologist at Mich
igan State College. The same
drive that causes people to want
to move to the edge Of cities also
makes people want to go hunting
and fishing, he suggests.
THE urge to get outdoors is
one of the most democratic
urges known" he says. Tell me
what magazine you read and I'll
tell you what social class you're
in. But tell me that you like to
hunt or fish and I can't tell you
a thing.
1.-THE poorest man is just as
good as the millionaire when
they both get outdoors"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
which the policy decisions were
made" Senator Lehman said

which the policy decisions were
made" Senator Lehman said.
Gen. Macarthur issued his
statement yesterday after his
name was mentioned in Senate
debate by Senator Lehman and
Senator johnson of Texas, Dem
ocratic leader.
Senator Lehman had said Gen.
Macarthur urgently recon-
mended" Soviet participation in
the war against Japan.
Senator johnson had said
"miScalculations" at Yalta APP
peared to have been based on
INSTALLATIONS of military lead
ers in Europe and the Far East.
President Eisenhower then was
supreme allied commander in
Europe while Gen. Macarthur
was supreme commander in the
South and Southwest Pacific
areas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Truman Role Reported
!, In Kansas City Campaign
By the Associated Press

KANSAS CITY, Mar. "a
Berl Berry. independent candi-
date for Mayor. says former
President Truman, a resident of
nearby independence, had en-
tered the Kansas City election
campaign.
The motor car dealer said yes
terday Mr.. Truman had entered
the campaign by turning over a
letter file to H. Roe Bartle,
candidate of the Citizens Asso-
citation for Mayor.
He also said the purported
Truman move came as the result
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Sugar Profits Put to Work

NASHVILLE. Mich. (P.-The
sugar naples along Nashville
streets were tapped for maple
syrup during the sugar-short
days of World War II. Now the
project has been continued by
volunteers who turn the profits
into municipal improvements.
The latest addition is a lighted
athletic field. 4
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Swimming Pool PIonned

Residents of the Green Acres
and Glen Cove areas in Mont
gomery County will discuss plans
for the construction of a COM
munity swimming pool near Lit
tie Falls Greek at 8 pm. tomor-
row at the Westbrook School,
Baltimore avenue and Allan road.
The pool, to be known as the Lit
tie Falls Swimming Club, would
serve 300 families at a cost of
$3.50 per family.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

Of his loyalty to the Pendergast
organiza ton, which had Endorsed
Mr.. Bartle.
At Mr.. Humans Office here it
was reported the former Presi-
dent had no comment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24
Cole Holds Up Sailing
Of Queen Mary for Duy
By the Associated Press

SOUTHAMPTON, England,
Mar. ga 60-mile hour gale
kept the liner Queen Mary from
leaving for New York today.
Cunard Line officials postponed
the sailing until tomorrow morn
ing. The big ship has 845 pas
Sengers on board. Another 210
are waiting at Cherbourg,
France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-24

British Expand Floor Space
LONDON - Britain's indus
trial plant floor space has in
creased by 100 million square
feet in the past seven years.
Evening star., 1955-05-29
Chino Reds Announce
Release of Briton

TOKYO. Sunday, May 20 tP).
-Peiping Radio announced last
night that Robert Webster Ford,
a British subject captured by the
Chinese Reds in October, 1850,
was released and deported to-
day Saturday before complet-
ing his prison sentence"
The broadcast referred to Mr..
Ford as IAN espionage agent"
It said his release was approved
by the military tribunal of the
Supreme Peoples Court in view
of his expressed regret during
his Imprisonment for his crimes. "
Peiping said he engaged in
disruptive activities in Tibet and
Chamdo, Sikiang (Province)
and was captured by the Chinese
Peoples Liberation Army in
1850"
Evening star., 1955-05-29
BY ROBERT X. WALSH

The three biggest issues of the
Supreme Courts current term
school desegregation, Federal
loyalty hearings. and military
court-martial of civilians-mat
be resolved Tuesday.
The possibility is diminished
somewhat. however by the like
lihood that the courts term will
be extended for at least another
week.
On Tuesday, the date that had
been optimistically mentioned
but never officially announced
for adjournment until October,
the tribunal also might act on
another case with a history-mak-
ing potential. This is the appeal
Of the Communist Party of Amer
lea from a Subversive Activities
Control Board order that it reg
lister under the McCarran Act.
If the high court grants a re-
view. it will hear arguments next
fall.
Moreover, before adjournment.
now considered more likely to
come on June s. the court PROB
ably will grant or deny review of
a case challenging the constitu
tionality OF. tile Ecompulsorv tes-
timony law" enacted bv Congress
last year.
Scope of Legislation
This legislation permits Fed
eral courts, in national security
cases, to grant witnesses i'm
munity from prosecution if they
testify before grand juries, con-
gressional committees or court
trials. A witness who refuses to
testify under such conditions
could be held in contempt. The
test appeal involves William Lud-
wig Ullmann, former Treasury
official named several years ago
as a member of Soviet spy ring
here.
But the main immediate inter-
est centers on three of 16 cases
already argued and likely to be
ruled on to some extent before
the term closes.
The first of these-actually a
grouping of five separate cases
from the District, Virginia, South
Carolina, Delaware and Kansas
deals with the problem of put
ting into effect the Supreme
Courts unanimous decision of
May II, 1854, that mandatory
separation of pupils in public
Evening star., 1955-05-29

a Pittsburgh steel worker, who
was arrested almost a year after
his honorable discharge. He was
flown back to Korea for court
martial on charges that he and
two others, while in the service
there in 1852, murdered a South
Korean civilian.
10th is free on bond pending
Supreme Court action on his plea
for reversal of a United States
Court of Appeals decision here
upholding the arrest and in
tended court-martial. 10th con-
tends he at least is entitled to
trial in civil courts. at
The Air Force petition declares
that the issue is whether a
soldier must be allowed to escape
punishment for a serious crime
committed while he was in the
service, merely because his part
in the crime was not discovered
until after his discharge"
Evening star., 1955-05-29
IN THE RECORD
MoiImen Carry Word
About Boss to Nation

Mr.. Tumulty ] was very
much disillusioned and. disap-
pointed when read that he tthe
President( had vetoed this bill.
I could not help but think that
the veto message, which sup
posedly was the result of great
study by the President-in fact,
since the bill passed, the press
daily carried stories of the great
agony the President was going
through: he had never studied
any bill harder while he was out
putting golf balls on the lawn
in back of the White House,
was wondering whether he was
using that excuse for putting
them. the postal workers. into a
sand trap.
was wondering whether this
whole program was not directed
by Robert Montgomery. because
it was a very splendid piece OF
dramatic fiction. But, when the
mountain labored to bring forth
a mouse. l concluded that for
the first time IN history a Post
master General outranked a s.
star General.
1t seems to me that General
Summerfield should be called Mr..
Winterfield, because of the cold
ness of his heart, is so great that
he cannot listen to the pleas of
the wives and children Of the
postal employees for 6 per
cent raise while he sits in arro-
CANT splendor directing the news
agencies of the Republican
Party. wonder whether Mr..
Winterfield had gone to Mr.. Icy
or Mr.. Summerf1eld for this
language.