davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-06-07
THE EVENING STAR. Washington, D. c."
TUESDAY, JUNE

fused to answer Federal grand
jury questions after being offered
immunity.
8. Upheld. I'll, a Federal
Power Commission issuance Of a
license for a private company's
hydroelectric project in Oregon
despite protests Of State officials
that it would harm fishery re-
sources. Justice Burton wrote
the opinion. Justice Douglas
diSsented.
4. Ordered the Georgia SUI
Ipreme Court to reconsider the
murder case conviction of Aubry
Williams, a Negro under death
sentence in the murder Of a
white woman. Williams con-
tended there was discrimination
in the selection of the jury that
convicted him. Justice Frank
furter wrote the opinion. JUS
tice Minton, Reed and Clark
dissented.
S. Dismissed, 5-4, q move by
the Yonkers. N. Y, Commit
tee for Peace" to get city school
board. permission for use of a
school building for a peace
forum" The opinion written by
Justice Harlan said the lower
court record was a matter Of
too little and too late in show
ing that the high court had
Chief Justice War;
rem and Justices Black, Douglas
and Clark diSsented.
Evening star., 1955-06-07

tanned that the loyalty board
failed to respect two principal
limitations on its authority in
the Peters case. He explained
that under the Truman executive
order a loyalty case could be re-
ferred to a review board only by
the employe recommended for
dismissal or by his department
or agency. The board. under the
Presidents order which the court
said was never expanded di-
Irectly or indirectly by the Pres
ident on that point, gave the
board no power to reopen the
case on its own motion, the Chiet
Justice said.
while loyalty proceedings
may not involve the imposition
of criminal sanctions" he wrote,
"the limitation of the boards
review power to adverse deter
limitations was in keeping with
the deeply rooted principle of
criminal law that a verdict of
guilty is appealable while a
verdict of acquittal is not On
consideration of this question,
we conclude that the loyalty re-
view boards action was so
patiently in violation of the ex-
ecutive order-in fact. beyond
the boards delegated iurisdic-
tion under the order-that the
Iconstitutionality of the order it
self does not come into issue"
Nine Other Opinions
Besides announcing the Peters
case decision, the Court turned
out nine other written opinions
and announced numerous orders
including a preview of major
actions to come at the next term
The court:
/. Continued for re-argument
next fall a case challenging the
constitutional right of military
authorities to court-martial a
civilian for a crime allegedly
committed while he was in the
service. This was first argued
last February before Justice Har-
Ian Joined the court. 1t is the
appeal of former Air Force Sergt
Robert w. 10th, 23-year-old
Pittsburgh steelworker who faces
possible court-martial on charges
Iof having murdered a South
Korean civilian in 1852.
2. Agreed to hear arguments
next fall on the first case test
ing constitutionality of the 1854
law allowing Federal courts to
grant immunity from prosecu-
ton to. witnesses in national
security cases and to hold such
witne ses in contempt if they
then efuse to answer questions,
This is the appeal of William
Ludwig Ullmann, former Treas
ury official who last year re-
Evening star., 1955-06-07
Nathan Charges Probed
Thoroughly, Dulles Says

Secretary of State Dulles said
today the Board of Passport
Appeals went quite thoroughly
into the charges against DR..
Otto Nathan before issuing him
9 passport.
The passport was issued the
New York University economics
professor yesterday after the
United States Court of Appeals
had ordered the State Depart
ment to grant it or give DR..
Nathan a hearing.
Mr.. Dulles nimbly and diplo-
matically sidestepped any con-
troversial comments on the case
when he was questioned about
it at his weekly news conference
this morning.
He indicated that some of the
furore over the matter arose out
of lack of aWareness on the
part of the Appeals and Federal
District courts here and of Dr..
Nathan himself of procedures
for review of passport denials.
Official Board Ridiculed
DR.. Nathan has been trying
for more than two years to OBJ
tain a passport for European
travels. He renewed his efforts
after the death of Dr. Albert
Einstein, of whose will he was
named sole executor. He plans
to go to Switzerland.
DR.. Nathan's lawyers have
charged the State Department
with refusing to give the profess
sor a passport on the basis of
Evening star., 1955-06-07
By ROBERT X. WALSH

The question Of q Federal
employees constitutional right to
know and cross-examine accus'
ers in loyalty hearings may te
a long time coming squarely
again before the Supreme Court
That unofficial opinion de-
veloped among some attorneys
today in the wake of a high
court ruling which cleared DR.
John P Peters of a disloyalty
finding but neither affected the
present program nor touched the
challenged feature of the loyal
ty-security system.
Before adjourning until Oc-
tober the tribunal handed down
a 7-2 decision for DR.. Peters
senior professor of medicine al
Yale University. 1t held he was
the victim of a loyalty review
board action patiently in viola
ton" of the loyalty program
executive order issued by former
President Truman.
That board, the court de-
clared. exceeded its authority by
reopening the case and return
ing a finding of reasonable doubt
of DR.. Peters loyalty after he
had been cleared by two other
boards. The opinion delivered by
Chief Justice Warren ordered
Evening star., 1955-06-07

to the Board of Passport Appeals
was disposed of by both the Dis
trict and Appeals Courts in
ordering. respectively, "appropri-
ate" and si-judicial" hear
ings for DR.. Nathan.
Dulles Explains Action.
The Court of Appeals on June
l ordered the State Department
to issue the passport or grInt
a hearing. Earlier. U. S. Dis
trict Court Judge Henry A.
Schweinhaut had ordered the
department to issue the passport.
Mr.. Dulles said the department
acted on its own initiative in
referring the Nathan matter to
the Board of Passport Appeals
after DR.. Nathan himself had
declined to avail himselft of that
opportunity. The result. the
Secretary added, was the de-
cision to issue the passport.
That decision was announced
by the department yesterday and
communicated to the court of
appeals.
Mr.. Dulles was asked if the
Board of Passport Appeals had
reviewed all the charges against
DR.. Nathan on which the de-
partment previously had refused
to issue a passport. He replied
that he thought so but he him
self, having been away, had not
the case.
He added that he understood
the board went into the case
quite thoroughly.
State Set Out Reasons
In the court of appeals pro-
ceedings, the State Department
set forth numerous reasons for
refusing to grant the passport.
Among these we're charges that
DR.. Nathan had been a member
of the Communist Party in Ger
Evening star., 1955-06-07
Issue of Secret Accusers
Unsettled in Peters Case

1.-THE Civil Service Commission to
eradicate that finding and also
any ban on future Federal en-
Iployment Of DR.. Peters.
Sees Issue Unsettled
DR.. Peters said at New Haven
last night he was happy but al
the same time disappointed ovel
the decision.
II suppose I should be very
happy about the decision, and in
a way I am" he said at a news
conference. But I'm disap-
pointed that the court did not
rule on the constitutional prin-
ciples involved"
He was referring to the consti-
tutional issue of whether Gov
ernment employees may be fired
as security risks on the basis oi
secret evidence.
DR.. Peters said the Supreme
Court must rule on the issue
sooner or later.
"If they do not the results will
be serious" he said.
The use of so-called anonymous
witnesses. he said, "chips away
at the very fundamentals Of the
Constitution and the Bill OF
Rights. and the consequences
cannot be anything but grievous. y
DR.. Peters said he was not
planning to seek reappointment
to the Federal Board of Scientists
who advised on applications for
research grants. from which he
was dropped as a result of the
disloyalty findings.
IF they want to ask me they
can," he said.
During the conference Presi-
dent A. Whitney Griswold OF
Yale told reporters that If the
decision had gone the other way
he had been prepared to issue g
statement that Yale "has hao
and always will have complete
confidence" in DR.. Peters.
Justices Regret Action
Justices Black and Douglas,
who concurred with the courts
ruling in favor of DR.. Peters, also
regretted that the tribunal did
not decide the case on constitu-
tional issues. They sided with
the main contention of DR.. Pc
tiers that, in proceedings where
he was subject to dismissal as a
loyalty risk, an employe has a
constitutional right of due proc
ess of law to confront witnesses
against him.
Loyalty program procedures
established and revised by the
Evening star., 1955-06-07

many before 1933-which he has
denied, was known to have as.
sociated with Communists anC
with officials of Iron Curtair
countries, and had refused t.
answer questions regarding as.
sociation with alleged Commu.
niStS.
In a three-paragraph memor-
andum to the United States
Court of Appeals for the District
of Columbia informing it that
the passport had been granted
the department asserted that
DR.. Nathan had declined to use
the passport appeals procedures
available to him ever since his
original application was re.
Ijected. This was an apparent
suggestion that DR.. Nathan'i
troubles might have ended
sooner had he taken the appeal
The department advised the
tribunal that it still maintained
the courts have no authority tc
order the issuance of passports
This is a function confined ex-
clusively to the judgment of the
Secretary of State" 1t said.
Evening star., 1955-06-07

Truman administration have
been materially changed by the
Eisenhower administration. But
a ruling against constitutionality
of the use of unidentified in
formants in the Peters case
would have greatly affected the
methods still existing in the
Eisenhower program.
While the constitutional ques-
tion still could be presented tc
the Supreme Court it might have
to come up in another case OF
considerably more recent origin
than the Peters case. Attorneys
explained that such a new case
probably would have to rest or
the Eisenhower administration
program and begin in the Dis
trict Court. No such test case
is repeatedly in immediate pros
pect.
/ Under the present Federal en-
ploye security program there is
no central review board such as
the one which on its own motion
reopened the Peters case. De.
partmental security hearing pan
els now recommend decisions te
agency heads who have fina
authority.
Other former employees whose
experience exactly paralleled that
of DR.. Peters presumably could
institute similar cases with the
expectation of getting an even.
tual clearance by the Supreme
Court, but without much hope
of getting a ruling on the con-
stitutional questions.
AS for the reinstatement of DR.
Peters, the decision held that his
plea for restoration could not be
granted because his appointment
would have expired Ill any event
in December, 1853, wholly apart
from removal on loyalty
grounds"
Chief Justice Warren wa.
Joined by Justices Frankfurter
Clark, Minton and Harlan a.
well as Justices Black and Doug.
las. Justice Reed wrote a dis.
Senting opinion in which Justice
Burton concurred.
Dissenters' Stand
The dissenters, like the ma
iority, took no stand on the
constitutional problems which
might ultimately be faced if the
court had found that the review
boards action and all other non-
constitutional aspects of the case
were proper"
Justice Reed, objecting to the
view that the boards action was
invalid, said the majority found
! it too easy to draw an analogy
between judicial review of con-
greSsional enactments and the
proprie ty of court review of a
presidential executive order.
Chief Justice Warren main
Evening star., 1955-06-07

secret and unsupported evidence
against him.
A spokesman for the Office of
David Rein, associate counsel for
DR.. Nathan, ridiculed the Board
of Passport Appeals review. He
said tina tDr. Nathan was not
even notified of the review nor
did he appear before the board,
He asserted that the depart
ment'S contention that DR.. Ma
than did not belong in court be-
cause he had not exhausted his
administrative remedies by going
Evening star., 1955-07-15
Stocks Display
Signs Of Vigor
.InNeWAdvance

NEW YORK. July is R.-
The stock market marched ahead
today with some showing Of
vigor In the early afternoon.
Strength was fairly well dis
tributed with many individual
issues strong on specialized de-
mand.
The rise carried prices up /
to 2 points frequently and on
to around 6 points at times.
Losses ordinarily were small.
Business was better than yes
terday at pace that topped two
million shares for the day. Yes
terday's 100000 shares was one
of the lower totals of the year.
Reynolds tobacco "B" with a
dividend Of 10 cents as against
go cents previously paid quarterly
was up 11a at 461a on an OPEN
ing block of 4.300 shares. Firm
ness in that stock helped others
in the tobacco group to make a
good showing.
Higher second quarter and
first-half earnings of Granite
City Steel, Allegheny Ludum
Steel and Republic Steel sent
those stocks ahead and stifened
prices in the steel division.
Bonds were higher. United
States Government over the
counter were firm,
Evening star., 1955-07-15
ESQ Cuts Cos Price
In Seubourd Areas

NEW YORK, July IS (P1.-
Esso Standard Oil Co., Market
ing subsidiary of Standard Oil
Co., New Jersey has reduced
gasoline prices in most
areas along the Atlantic sea-
board by $40 to Y cent a gallon.
Exception are Washington and
Baltimore where no changes
were made. The company also
eliminated voluntary discounts
in price war Arrears. The action
follows that of Socony Mobile
Oil Co. Earlier this week.
Sinclair Oil Corp. stated it
was meeting the new prices in
the metropolitan New York area
Atlantic refining also indicated
it would make downward revi-
sions in line with the Socony
schedule.
Evening star., 1955-07-15
RetoiI Spending
At Record Level

NEW YORK. July IS (Pl.-Re-
tail spending in most parts of
the country this week was at a
record high level for this time
Of the year, Dun & Bradstreet
said today in weekly review of
business.
with the help of many re-
duced-price sales, most retailers
sold more than in the previous
holiday shortened week." the Re
view said. Soaring temperatures
left retailers in the East with
scanty stocks of air-conditionerS.
Stores in five cities in which
buses or trolleys were halted by
Strikes-Buffalo, Little Rock, Los
Scranton and Washing
ton-reported sagging sales.
The total dollar volume of re-
tail trade in the week ended this
Wednesday was estimated to be
from 3 to 7 per cent higher than
the level of year ago."
Evening star., 1955-07-15
LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO. July 10 Rp tUsDAl.-
active. closed active: butchers under 230
ID. $3.50 lower weights over 230 steady
to rs lower, sowS averaging around 20
lower; most U. S, No. to IS 190-240
lb. 1S.25-1s.75; several decks mixed
No. l and IS 190-210 ID. 1873 weights
340-27O ID, is,0o-ls,50;, WEIGHTS over
1T.25-1S.00; few lots 160-1S0 Id.
l5.50-l7 so; sows 400 lb. and lighter
in larger lots 14.50-16.50; a few under
300 ID. to 1900: most 4O0-500 ID:
l3.75-14 70; a few UP to 800 lb. and
sltshtly, heavier down to around 1900;
-salsbie cattle. 1000; salable calves.
800: steady TO weak on slaughter steers
and heifers. supplies extremely small:
and utility Holsteins in much better
80 lower; vealers about steady; part
load choice and prime mixed .yearlines
and load Of cnoice. 1,01S lb. steers
22.75 a load of good l.075 ID. steers
20.15; a few utility grass heifers. 1900
13 80; utility and commercial cows
II 25-l3 00 utility Holsteins as high as
1915 Gamers and cutters 9.,50-12
1870 s09d and ch9iSs ysssIs vsasrs 1889 oo
saiable sheep. 200; nominally steady:
o few good to mostly choice native
spring lambs 10 9.50-22.00i. Gull to low
good 13O0-I9. 90: some light culls down
to 1000 and below; old crop lambs and
3.O0-5.00, accordin sto weight and srade'
Evening star., 1955-07-15
Munsey Trust Co.
Promotes Wooster

Donald w. Wooster, secretary
and assistant treasurer of the
Munsey Trust Co. was promoted
to trust officer at a board meet
ing yesterday, President Warren
R. Forster announced yesterday.
Mr.. Wooster has been with
the company since 1884. except
for service in the Navy during
World War II. He was elected
assistant treasurer in l945 and
became assistant treasurer and
secretary in 1949.
He came to Washington from
Buffalo, N. Y. in 1918 and re-
ceived his education at Central
High School and Southeastern
University. He also attended
courses of Washington Chapter,
American Institute of Banking.
He is secretary and treasurer
of the Fiduciaries Section of the
District Bankers Association and
is a member of the District Life
Insurance and Trust Council.
Evening star., 1955-07-15
BUSINESS
BRIEFS

Less money was saved by in
dividuals in the first 3 months
Of this year than in any quarter
since mid-1952, but they bought
more securities than for any
quarterly period since mid-1953.
IS. E. c.
Republic Steel reports second
quarter net income of $22, ,944,-
BOG. or $1.50 a common share VS..
$18, ,192.265, or $1.18 a share for
the first quarter on the basis of
the same number of shares out
standing. Sales and operating
revenue rose to near record
volume.
Allegheny Ludlum Steel earned
$6,415,653 or $3.50 a share in
the first six months of this COM
pared with $1,891,67l or $1.01
a share in the same period a
year ago.
Granite City Steel reports net
income for the first six months
of $5.483, ,6O3 or $2.93 a share VS..
earnings of $1,358,232, or 81
cents a share, in the 1854 period
New York Air Brake reports
net income of $8O3,733, or $1.10
a share, for the first half of 1855
VS.. $968,677. or $l.33 share, for
the like 1854 period. Sales and
earnings were. reported. reduced
because of a strike at the COM
pany's Watertown, N. Y, plant.
Virginian Railway has ordered
six Deisel-electric locomotives
and steel for the construction
of 500 55-ton hopper cars at
"a cost of near $4 million, officials
announce.
Sales of Norge products for
the half year exceeded 1929
million. Volume in the corre-
spending 1854 period was $31
million, the Borg-Warner Corp.
Division announced.
Formica Co. sales for the first
half of 1855 were $17.600,000, a
% per cent increase over the
first half of last year.
ACF Industries reports for the
year ended April 80 net income
of S6,855,320 or $6.62 a COM
mon share VS.. $7.778,420 or
$7.93 a share, last year.
Beech Aircraft reports for the
8 months ending June 30 net
income of $2,8O0,322, or $4.67 a
,&iare VS.. S2.357.199 or 1898 a
snare for the like 1854 period.
Evening star., 1955-07-15
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO. July Is R.-A buying
hurry in wheat at the start soon sub
sided on the Board of Trade today but
the bread grain held onto a small part
Several large commission houses,
which usually handle speculative ac-
counts. bought wheat at the opening.
futures before the demand was salts
ned. Other cereals just about held
Wheat near the end OF the FIRST hour
u lower to Y higher. July Si.40Ia: oats
unchanged to "a higher July 6O1s: rye
u to IA higher. July 9sI7; soybeans u
lower TO q higher. July $3.50. and
pounds HIGHER. .Iuly 81 ah
Evening star., 1955-07-15
PRODUCE MARKETS

United States Department Of Agriculture: ::
VI, Apples; About steady, Blu. bkts. Del
&a%s ineh Red Up os 200 Md Rfh %ilsRs up Rsd S9
Us is inches up s.75-s.6o: Transa o
parents eh inch up $50. Pa. yellow
TTiransparsents Trans gs Z inches up rs. N. j.
heavier. Md. i bu. "tStsi bkts mostiy oaSrihsS nS
$;59; Sarl; Rsd ed Bi5ds 5 ~ inch up 3?5o4. 90
inches up 800: .Jerseyiand no Size or
y 5i,dS5i EEIy;Red.Frs ~ 0i inch ,nHhas min.
4:50: Golden Jubilee and cumberlands % IDS
I75s5.oo Pa, US Us Is aEs Z bu. b,umIte BIS psed Red
Birds BIZ 2s2A inches $50: Red Hayens
min, 600 Vs 1nen ap Sa Sooid;So' bkts, rs inch
Golden Jubilees 2N inch up 1904 so.
so4 teS hiSher 6 Red aalfhaysns Hsysps h inch up
4;09-50; "a inch up 3,00-25: Jersey
land inches up 3.25-4.O 90.
- Potatoes: pei. and N. J. about steady
4 unless otherwise Stated. Z Del. - co6e s,be
blers 100 ID. sacks unwashed l,5o. few
hieher, 80 lb. sacks unwashed $3.50,
Mo; ibeG lbbeluding ln6 Eastern Shore cobblers
1885, some 90. N. G. sebagoes washed
j ,0o-i ;25, lew i.30. N. y J. e cobbieTs SaeFs
GnSb,sns 80, 80 lb, sacks ek ao-i 90. Va
commercial 75-1.00, poorer SO, SO ID.
sacks 70-S5. few low as so. U. s. COM
n mereial eaak 90, Round Reds unwashed so
Sweet Potatoes: N. J. yellow proeessed
Puerto Ricans washed 4 .0O-4 20, u 9,
2s 2.50-2. Is. SO, H.. crates washed color
adaed eea,t}v =; s. Msrts rs th9ldoys1s 9ys1sv 100
fryers; Prices higher. Lieht arrivals
moved well. Demand centered on young
chickens, slow odd lots Of ordinary TO
heaVy type hens and small size fryers.
33-33A. Hens: Light type 90
Grain Market
Four-Receipts. 5.357 100-pound
i, ,Wheat-Receipts, 155,10e bushels;
a46.l43 bushels; No. 2, red winter gar
licky. spot, domestic. 1917 new: Janu-
corn~Receipts. 149.i5s bushels; ship.
mn6edntS, men $4,000 bushels; stocks, 1906
oats-Receipts. So, ,o5a bushels: ship
mepnt$i pt none; ..s,o stocks. 3Ii,o46 bushels.
none; stocks, rs. 500 n bushels sh''meh's'
STOCKS, none.
soybeans-Receipts, 81 ,006 bushels;
shipments, 1857 bushels; stocks, 75,-
$50 bushels
Millfeed-Receipts. ia tons.
Egg Market
Eges: Market weak and unsettled.
Prices declined. Offerings ample for
current needs. Trading improved as
week end approaches.
Prices paid by FIRST receivers delivered
fo.o. Baltimore, cases included:
Whites Mixed Colors
A quality 37h-44 37-4A
Mediums, min so
pct. quality 35-36 35-3R
Receipts; Eggs 1896 eases by truck.
Evening star., 1955-07-15
FOREIGN EXCHANGE

NEW YORK. July l5 R,.-Foreisn
exchange rates follow Great Britain
In dollars. others In cents):
Canadian, dollar in New York open
market ma yn lH PEI cent premium or
ioE EuTope SS e. sea ssn.s on s2 of o,na; Ssnt
S2.7S7s, on IL Of a cent; Great Britain
80 day futures . 77lt. of !. of a cent:
Great Britain so day futures 2.77 1872,
81 Ssv StsA ;rsa Of 9sa csnt great Britain I, g
France Cfrancp .2sts of a cent; Gn-
changed; Germany twestern) '(deutsche
%s sader SS ssa up SnSaaofea g n cent? H0anS nsaS
l(liral ,l8h Of . cent, unchanged: Por-
'tugal (escndol $50, unchanged: Sweden
(krona) 1894, unchanged; Switzerland
tfranc) (freel 1894, unchansed Den
mark tkronel 1880, unchanged
| Latin America: Argentina Cfree) 7.22.
unchanged Brazil tfree1 1.35, un-
changed; Mexico sIo2, UNCHANGED, We
| Far East Hong Kong dollar 17,40, un-
changed.
Evening star., 1955-07-15
NEW YORK PRODUCE
NEW YORK.

NEW YORK. July Is IN
NEW YORK, July is " CUsDA)-
Wholesale egg prices were unsettled 10
weak today, Receipts 1900. whole
sale selling prices based on exchange and
other volume sales).
New York spot quotations follow:
Includes midwester. Mixed colors: Ex-
tras t4S-5O lbsJ 37-3S; extras large t4S-
3Sb; standards larse S1h"SsH: h dirtiss
2S-2Sla; checks 23-24. Whites: Extras
(4S.50 ibsl 37I5-39; extras large H5-
As lbsl 36l2-3S. extras medium 35-3R.
Browns: Extra t4S-50 lbs1 4Oh-
4lh: includes nearby: Whites: Top
quality (4s-50 lbsl 44h-46s; mediums
35-35i5: Smalls 27h-2s.
Browns: Top quality f4s-bO lbs
46Is-471s mediums 39-39a: Smalls
32bS S-33
Butter steady. Receipts 4gs,csk
Prices UNCHANGED.
Cheese steady. Receipts 12O,T22.
Prices unchanged.