davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-11-19
Negro Trade
Continued from Page One)


of the draft constitution to guar
antee full, equal non-segregated
membership rights, regardless of
race, color, creed or national origin
in all unions affiliated with the
new federation; "(2) immediate ap-
plication of above provision to all
affiliated unions, under penalty of
loss of charter; (3) organization
of southern Negro and white work
ers on a democratic basis, and (4)
election and appointment Of Negro
trade uniCnists to top leadership
posts at the 1866 convention.
A cross-section of Negro and
white trade uni lists from AFL,
CLIO and Indep ehdent unions at
tending the conference, in spirited
floor discussion, spoke of the con-
tinuing problems of job discrimi-
nation, the need for stronger bonds
of unity among Negro and white
workers, and the progress possible
through a democratic southern or
ganizing drive-to raise living
standards and to win civil rights.
Special attention was focused on
the strong amendment to the ALL
Clio draft constitution proposed by
Michael Quill, Pres. Transport
Workers Union, CLIO, calling for
full membership rights, and to the
decision of the AFL Teachers I'm
ion which placed one year limi-
tation on it's affiliates to "get their
house in order" with regard to in
tegrated union membership.
Charles Folks, Pres, Local 430,
United Electrical Workers, Ind, in
his report called up on organized
labor to fall alongside of, not out
of line with, the U. S. Supreme
Court decision on public schools,
and not to retreat from the prin-
ciple of first-class citizenship,
which is now the order of the day
Carl Wise, co-chairman of the Mt
NC, member of Loo. 140, Furni-
ture, CIO, presided. Robert Viii
ley, another co-chairman, of Local
SO, clearinghouse, CLIO, spoke on
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-11-19

the south.
The conference heard reports on
similar meetings on this issue be-
ing held in N. J. and the midwest,
and agreed to send fraternal del
egates to the Michigan conference
of Negro Trade Unionists on No
vember 10Th.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-11-19

somewhat incongruously wearing
a black homburg hat and bearing
long spear.
Some of the tribesmen were
decked in lions name and carried
spears and rhinoceros- hide shields.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-11-19
White Minister -.
CONTINUED from Page One)

CONTINUED from Page One)
said Saturday that he is still plan
ming to take part in a religion
emphasis seminar this spring at
the University of Mississippi.
Protest against this appearance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
The Montgomery Word Bottle
Low Pressure Ads Team
With High Working Capital

2.17-l. Alden's' 2.35-1 and Spieg-
els 1891.
Sears and Wards are not COM
pletely comparable. Sears man
ufacturers a great many of the
products it sells, Wards only a
few. Sears has a greater per-
centage of its stores located in
urban communities than Ward S
which additionally has concen-
trated on rural areas.
AS evidence of Wards sound
financial condition, Mr.. Avery
points to the fact the company
has no debt of any kind.
Should Policy Be Junked:
Penney also had no outstand-
ing debt on its last balance
sheet. However, Sears had out
standing 5000 million in 2A per
cent notes payable to banks, AL
denS' had bank loans of S8.850.-
600 plus $6,800,0O0 in 3la per
cent promissory notes, and
Spiegel had a bank loan of SIS
million.
To the stockholders it all boils
down to this:
Has Mr.. Avery's extremely
conservative policy of non-ex-
pansion while building up cash
reserves been good or bad for
the individual stakeholder?
Should this policy be con-
tinued or should it be junked?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
PorkingL otNeorU nionStotion
.Opened for Senate Staff Aides

their 450-space lot on the New
Senate Office Building site, now
being excavated.
j. George Stewart, Architect
of the Capitol, said more than
300 automobiles will fit on
the new lot. Mr.. Stewart said
there is a possibility that an
other Capitol grounds park, just
across Massachusetts, avenue
from the new parking lot loca-
ton, may be converted to park
ing use, as well. This tract is
about half the size of the First
and D lot. The two together
should take care of the 450-space
need, Mr.. Stewart said.
The new lot is paved with as
phalt which overlays a field of
interlocking steel mating on
loan to Congress from Andrews
Air Force Base. The mating,
100000 square feet of it. is sur
plus emergency airstrip material.
1t must be laid here to protect
the underground lawn-sprinkling
system of the park.
Mr.. Stewart pointed out that
the parking lot is to be operated
only temporarily" He explained
this means probably four or five
years.
The lot is ringed with piles
of leftover steel mats, to serve
as bumpers" for the vehicles,
and will be surrounded by coun-
try-style snow fencing. to keep
out trespassers. Spaces ulti-
mately will be marked off and
the entire lot Illuminated by five
large floodlights.
Entrance and exit driveways
are located on First street. Only
the holders of car window stick
ers are permitted to use the
lot-wlthout running the risk OF
fines and impounding.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Plastic Pontoons Resist
SuIt, Are in One Piece

LOS ANGELES.-Molded plas-
tic pontoons, all in one piece
and guaranteed against the
ravages of salt water for 10
years, are being marketed by a
Los Angeles concern.
The pontoons, 4 by 8 by Ia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

italian leader will have in Wash
ington, Mr.. Scelba said:
I'm Washington we plan
mostly to review general prob
lens"
After a reception at City Hall,
Mr.. Scelba was scheduled to visit
Paul-Emile Cardinal Leger, Ro-
man Catholic Archbishop of
Montreal; receive an honorary
degree from the University of
Montreal and meet representa-
tives of the city's big Italian
community.
Going to Ottawa by train to-
night. he will begin talks there
tomorrow with Prime Minister
Louis st. Laurent and other Ca
madam officials. primarily about
boosting Italian emigration to
Canada.
Mr.. Scelba goes on to WASH
ington Sunday for discussions
with President Eisenhower and
Secretary of State Dulles on
world questions and italian eco
nomic problems.
The Italian Premier arrived
here last night by air from Rome,
accompanied by his foreign min
lister, Gaetano MARITIME; their
wives. and a group of Italian
Foreign Ministry officials.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
SeeIba Says Italy
Will Ask Arms Talks
Including Russia
BY the Assoeioied Press

MONTREAL, Mar. 25.-Visit-
ing Premier Mario Scelba of Italy
said today Italy will propose an
international conference on dis
armament, in which, "of course.
Soviet Russia will be invited to
participate"
Mr.. Scelba told a news con-
ference here an agreement for
limitation of ornaments under
international control is "the
only guarantee that an East
West conference on problems
which now divide the world can
be settled"
Such a conference could not
take place before the ratification
by all interested parliaments of
the Paris accordS for a Western
European union" he said, adding
that a conference with Soviet
Russia after such preamble has
been reached has possibilities
of bringing some useful results. ="
Never Refused to Negotiate
THE West never refused to
negotiate with Soviet Russia
Notwithstanding that by now the
unsuccessful efforts of the past
10 years should have discouraged
u.s." he went on. However, we
will need some guarantees if we
should come to a conference and
Italy thinks that an interna-
tional agreement on limitation
of ornaments could be such a
guarantee.
1T is still to early to talk
about Italy joining the Balkan
pact. First of all, we will have
to settle all our problems with
Yugoslavia, which are not en-
tirely solved yet"
Asked the main economic
subjects of the coming talks the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Would Enable Expansion

Second, to pile up cash. This
cash would protect the company
in a depression and would en-
able it to expand at that time
when building costs would be
lower.
At the end of its 1945 fiscal
year. Wards had $13,123,4 86 in
cash and $85, 769,428 in Govern
ment securities. On January 81,
1854, it had $23,155,0 in cash
and $269,142.095 in Government
securities. The l945 total was
$98,892,914: the 1854 total was
nearly triple-$293, 142,095.
A good method of measuring
the financial position of a COM
pany is by what is known as the
working capital ratio. This is
obtained by dividing current as
sets by current liabilities.
Generally speaking, working
capital ratio of 81 (twice as
much current assets as current
liabilitissl is considered sound
and normal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

feet, will support 5000 pounds.
One Of them has been sub
merged in salt water for seven
years, and the manufacturer
says it seems unaltered when
ever it is taken up and the
barnacles are scraped off. Other
types of pontoons are said to
last two to five years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

A new Senate ONCE Building
parking lot for staff workers Of
the legislators is open for bust
ness.
The newly paved rectangle
is on the Capitol grounds
near Union Station. The area,
once a park, covers more than
100000 square feet between
Massachusetts, avenue, First.
Second and D streets NE, less
than two blocks from the Senate
Office Building.
Its use for parking purposes
WIS authorized by joint resolu-
ton of Congress to accommodate
Senate staffers evicted from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Illinois State Society

The Illinois State Society will
hold its last dance of the season
at 10 pm. tomorrow in the
Shoreham Hotel. The society
will continue its series of free
dance instructions an hour be-
fore the dance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Considered Dangerous

Going too far below a I'll
ratio is considered dangerous for
financial solvency Some finan-
cial men think going too far
above 81 proves a company is
not putting its money to work
properly In its business.
Wards working capital ratio
stands at an unbelievably high
707-1. Sears is 348-1, Penney's
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Lost Of O Series

~ ~---->-----~- ~--~--~->-~---
tive catalogues to customers.
Unlike other mail order houses,
Wards publications don't let the
human form appear inside the
books.
There's one pretty girl on the
cover. In the Autumn catalogue
she wears a winter coat. In the
Spring catalogue she wears a
spring coat.
This is one of the peculiar
Ward policies attributed to Sew
ell Avery, 81, its chairman. His
reign is being challenged by In
dustrialist Louis E. Wolfson, 40.
Low-Pressure Ads
Some other Ward peculiarities
all attributable to Mr. Avery
are its sedate, low-pressure ad-
vertising; no employe pension
plan: a nom glamorous but sta
tistically complete annual report
and the lack of a public relations
department.
All these. however, are
insignificant compared wi h
Wards main distinction from
competitors: Its refusal to ex-
pand during the country'S great
est boom.
Wards has fewer stores today
than it did when World War II
ended
Figures are dull. But they
also are important to the real
owners of Ward's-itS stockhold-
ers-who must decide whether
to retain Mr.. Avery or GUST him
and put in Mr.. Wolfson at the
annual stockholders meeting
April %. There are about $4,000
stockholders, who own approx
mately ST. million outstanding
Wards shares.
Let's look at some figures.
World War II started in 1889.
Sales and earnings for the four
leading mail order firms, plus
j. c. Penney, which operates a
big chain of retail stores in many
small and medium sized cities,
that year were:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

war ended, was:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Gertrude Lawrence
as Mrs. A."
27.page condemnation
from 81. IS best seller

She was one of our greatest ac-
tresses. But to Richard Aldrich
she was a pampered prima dom
ma he was prepared to hate.
Instead, he married her.
April Readers Digest brings
you this tenderest of love sto-
ries: Aldrich's own memories of
the Cockney girl who made her.
self a part of America and
part of him.
Get April Readers Digest to-
day: 42articles of lasting inter-
est, including the best from
leading magazines and current
books, in condensed form.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

(The year ends on December
81 for Penney, Spiegel and AL
dens: on January 81, 1910, for
Sears and WardD
The record for 1945, when the
war ended WAS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
By William Ferris
Assoeioted Press StoH Writer

CHICAGO. Mar. IS. - You
won't find any sex at Wards.
Not in the catalogue, anyway.
Each year Montgomery Ward
e. Co. mails voluminous, attrac-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25
Conscience Soothed

KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (R.-Po-
lice Chief Joe Kimsey figures
somebody had a guilty con-
science. The parking ticket with
a dollar attached mailed to him
wasn't an overtime parking ticket
at all; it was a receipt from q
private parking lot.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

Sears sales in the II months
ended January 81, 1855. totaled
$2,965, 408.814. Wards, $887,336,-
8l2.
Net earnings after taxes we're:
Sears. S141.343,003: Wards, $35,-
$4,000.
Wards could have opened adj
ditional stores and thereby in
creased sales and probably earn
ings. 1t did not.
Why hold down expansion?
First, because Mr.. Avery feels
the cost of building has been
and still iS-too high.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-25

Since the end of World War II
Wards has definitely dropped
behind its rivals in maintaining
sales and earnings. Earnings for
the full 1854 year are not avail
able yet, but here's how the COM
nopiee ctpod in 1QS2.
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28

people. A dual form of govern
ment is provided; specified powers
are granted to the federal govern
ment, while others are reserved
for the states. The states have
authority in domestic concerns.
which is necessary in as large and
varied a country as ours. The iu-
dicial machinery acts as a bal
ance wheel.
The Constitution contains a svs-
tenn of checks and balances to
prevent any man or group of men
from attaining too much power
1t provides that the President and
Congress, elected by the people.
shall determine the foreign poll
cy of the United States.
The guarantee of individual
liberty assures us that we have
certain "inalienable rights" which
cannot be taken from us. such as
the freedom of speech, press and
religion, freedom from unwarrant-
ed searches, from excessive bail.
We have the right to a trial by
jury, to assemble peaceably. and
to petition the government to re-
dress a grievance. We are guar
anteed fair play from the govern
ment because neither the States
nor Congress can take away life.
liberty or property without due
process of law.
Benjamine Franklin stated. "Our
Constitution is in actual operation.
everything appears to promise it
will last" And it has lasted. for
III years. Amendments have been
added to accommodate our changing
mode of life, but the document
which u forefathers drafted is
still in actual operation. 1t has
given us more personal freedom.
a higher standard of living than
any other country, and has made
America "the land of opportun-
ity." Yes, it is truly a Landmark
IN a troubled world.
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28

ago. President Eisenhower annaars
70 De popular and the inference
~ gains from the average Wash
lngtonian is that he will be re-
elected. Politicians who would like
70 e Mr.. Eisenhower settle down
on ms Pennsylvania farm at +ha
earnest possible moment are em-
PnaSlzlng that Mrs. Eisenhower's
iIedItn Will persuade him not IN
De d candidate next year. Repub-
means call this propaganda. which
II undoubtedly is in some degree
II seems to me that Montana
1epuohcan political figures in
washington are rather deeply dis
turped about dissentions in the
party back home. Those with
Whom I discussed the situation
showed evidence of alarm as to
Wnat the result may be in the
1906 campaigns. If this feuding
continues, will President Eisen-
mower again carry Montana? Will
the Republicans retain the gov
ernorshlp? Time - and the ac-
tlons of Republican state level
leaders themselves - will answer
tnese questions and others.
L went to the house office build
lngs to call on u two CONGRESS-
men on a day when Speaker Raw
Ourn distributed to senators and
representatives bags of onions
from his state of Texas. Speaker
oam wa photographed munching
one OF the onions, but he spit if
out as 500 as the picture was
snapped. Goes to show there is
unit to what even a Texan can
take. And it may be that the great
tears the amiable speaker was
shedding at the nations plight un-
der a Republican administration
may have been onion tears, in part
at least.
Montana's two very personable
congressman Democrat loo
Metcalf and Republican Orvin J.
FJare y have offices right across
the hall from each other. This is
much closer than they ever will
politically, but each according
to his concepts, is making an i'm
preston and, if the breaks are
should go places politically.
l went over to the capitol lust to
see If the place was the same as
when l used to be around there
SIX years ago. Except that the
senate chamber had been worked
over, there was not much change.
With n exception perhaps: a
prayer room. I asked a capitol
policeman about the prayer room.
In reply to a question, he said.
yes, It was used but he was IN
willing to say that the lawmakers
were overcrowding the place. I'm
less you are a senator or congress-
man, you will need influence To
get to look in, as it is open only
senator's and congressman and
assume the Lord.
In visiting former neighbors in
an apartment in which I lived
when I was in Washington - it
S across the street from the SUI
)reme court building - I learned
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28
By Ernest ImndeI

Helena - on a recent Saturday
evening I went to Griffith stadium,
in Washington to watch vooi
Barra and his Yankee teammatee
slam the ball against the rigb.
field fence. The same evenino
Montana'S two Democratic na7
tional committee members. Leo r
Graybill of Great Falls and Mrs.
Bernice Kingsbury of Waller vyero
at the armory while Harry tn,
man sizzled them across the sim
dinner plate for the edification Of
Speaker Sam Rayburn and If wss
hoped, for the discomfort of Az
Republicans. Tie
From my point of view +bo
Yankee bats were more enter+ain
ing than the former presiden+,.
fast breaking political c1r1los ,
With this Mr.. Graybill. who nreS
emily is speaker of the Mon+ono
house of representatives v1o111d
likely disagree. And so wo11d Mr.
Klngsbury. But perhaps this Dis
greement suggests that Some &c
the Montanans who occasionanv
visit the national capital have .
variety of purposes for DOING co
One cannot escape the overfonec
OF politics, of course, and many of
the activities in the city on the
Potomac are enmeshed in poll
ucs' but there is much else of in
tereSt.
washington does not seem to
nave the tenseness of a few years
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28

the strange and intriguing story o:
Moses, the cat.
Early one morning a few month.
ago a man was seen to pause ner-
vousIy at the shrubbery hedge Of
the supreme court grounds anc
naStlly dump a black cat from E
shopping bag. The man made
quick his departure, but the cat
mas remained. Whether the dunn
pee of the ebony animal was mo
tvated by some dark a-nti-segre-
cation spite, has not been ascer-
tanned. Nor whether the cats
gender is such that it can properly
be called Moses. Moses found in
the bull rushes, the cat found in
the hedge - that was the idea
back of the name.
Each morning a woman comes
with meat for Moses. A couple of
former congressman and their
wives also see to it that Moses
does not go hungry. A tin can is
daily filled with milk. On such oc-
caslons Moses comes out of hiding
and purrs gratefully.
I suspect that the dignity of
the mine old men" in the black
robes would be severely shocked
II they knew that a black cat call
ed Moses was a pampered resident
OF these austere precincts.
l went into the supreme court
building one morning just before
the court was to convene. AS rain
threatened, I had a rain coat and
a nat. Immediately a policeman
insisted that I check my hat and
coat If l wanted to enter the court
chamber, which I had not inten-
ton of entering. I understand
there were to be some more argu-
ments on segregation.
The way some litigants fare in
the court ~ and I could mention
a rather prominent Montanan -
1t almost seems like they have to
check their lawyers along with
their coats and hats before being
admitted to the august presence
a point to keep in mind the next
time the Montana oil and gas
lease controversy gets to the Unit
States supreme court.
4 i +
Here's a tip for Montana urani-
UNI promoters: Washington should
be an excellent place to promote.
a clerk IN a haberdashery and n
OF Washington'S 10000 taxi drivers
asked me about the uranium in
Montana. Not gold or silver or the
richest hill on earth, but uranium.
A professional man told me that
Tor years he had wanted to come
out to Montana, not to dig wealth
from the earth, but to hook some
OF our fabulous trout.
And a man from another part
OF the country remarked to me
that what he remembered most
about Montana was a steak dinner
ne had at the Rocky Mountain
cafe at Meaderville in Butte.
Whenever I 60 to Washington I
always try to take a number of
silver dollars, for they are in
great demand and are sought as
gifts and souvenirs. 1 understand
one can go to the treasury in
Washington and get all the silver
dollars he can exchange for, but
apparently nobody thinks of that.
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28
THE SIDNEY HERALD
Thursday, April %. 1855

Pete P. Ruffatto home Wednes-
day.
The Altar Society of the St.
Bernard church met at the Steve
Ruffatto home Thursday after
noon.
Mrs. Pete P. Ruffatto and
daughter Julia and Mrs. Charles
Amestoy and children of the Elm
dale community visited at the Joe
Schmitz home Thursday evening
while the men of the Catholic
church cleaned the church.
John Ruffatto and Mr.. and Mrs.
George Fisher were business call
ers in Culbertson and Brockton
Tuesday.
MI. and Mrs. Matt Ziolowski
visited at the VIM. Fisher home
Friday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Pete P. Ruffatto
were business callers at POPLAR
and Wolf Point Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Pete P. Ruffatto
and daughters, Julia and Joan.
MI. ana Mrs. Me RauSchendOrfer
and boys, MI. and Mrs. Alvin
Fisher and children, Mr.. and Mrs.
George Fisher and boys, Franklin
and Virgil Cornelia, Raymond and
Stephen Schmitz, attended the
dance at Elmdale Saturday night.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Fisher and
children visited at the RAYMOND
Rutfatto home Saturday night.
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Patch were
Sunday afternoon callers at the
Pete P. Ruffatto home.
Little Rhonda Smith, daughter
OF Mr.. and Mrs. Bud Smith of
Brockton, was an overnight visi-
tor at the home of her grandmoth-
er, Mrs. Clara Smith, Friday eve
ming.
The Sidney herald., 1955-04-28
Charley Creek
BY the RuffattO SchOO.

Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Fisher and
Mr.. and Mrs. Paul Patch were
callers in Sidney this week.
Mrs. Clara Smith was a Sidney
dinner guest of Mrs. Lefty Wesin.
Mr.. and Mrs. Alvin Fisher and
children attended a movie in Sid
ney Thursday night.
Father Heretik of Culbertson
was a supper guest at the Quinto
Ruffatto home Sunday.
Leslie Candee and Mel Raus-
chendorfer were callers at the