davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-06-23
Organization Logs

In the disaster of an attack
reliance necessarily would have
to be placed on volunteers. They
would aid in the evacuation and
do most of the job in looking
after refugees in dispersal cen
ters. in rescue work and clear
Ing away wreckage.
With such a slim budget fol
civil defense, the recruiting and
training Of volunteers has Jagged
Reliance has had to be placed
on volunteers for many planning
and organization jobs.
! Half of the CD Office staff OF
16 is accounted for by the warn
ing service. There are a COM
munications superintendent, q
radio technician and six dis
patchers. They monitor the
Evening star., 1955-06-23
Apathy Will .Be,to Blame
If $4,000 Die in Attack

tlink-which is always hot
with the Eastern Air Defense
Command from which q warn
ling would come, and they man
the alarm system. This is on
an around-the-clock basis.
Business and professional men
have pitched In and organized
various services. Retired Army.
Navy and Air Force officers have
taken on jobs in the CD setup.
Radio hams" have helped, and
stand ready to serve during an
emergency. Young women Of
the Junior League have helped
lin clerical work; the ofiice has
only two paid clerk-stenogra-
pliers. Other men and women
have worked hard. too.
Here is how the recruiting OF
volunteers stands on paper:
Proposed Actual
Strength Strength
Evening star., 1955-06-23
make drinkable water from ques-
tionable sources.
How About the Children
The tough part of the probe

The tough part of the problem
lis the children in school.
Unless a man knows his fam
lily is taken care Of, he is going
to cross any lines set up to try to
look after them himself. He
probably would be unable to
check by telephone. If every one
tries to use the telephone,
switching machinery would be-
come overloaded and the caller
probably would not get even a
dial tone except after a long
wait.
That happened for periods
Evening star., 1955-06-23

SOCK bomb packing the punch
of 10 million tons Of INT.
Zones are drawn with Zone A
being the zone of practically
total destruction. In this zone
it is estimated that 80 per cent
of the people would be killed. 2
per cent injured and 8 per cent
would escape injury.
For a Hiroshima bomb, as ap-
piled to Washington. Zone A
would be a circle with q half
mile radius. It is assumed the
center would be at Eleventh and
II streets. the center of daytime
population. The area Of the
circle would be 3 Of q square
mile.
In the case Of q SOCK bomb.
Zone A would have a radius Of 4
miles and a 50-square-mile area.
Zone B for a SOCK bomb would
be a ring about 4 miles across
and 149 square miles in area.
just beyond the Zone A circle.
In Zone B 1t is estimated 2 out
of 10 would be killed, 8 would be
injured and four would escape.
The next ring out from the
center would be Zone c, a ring
also about 4 miles across g per
cent fatalities and 20 per cent
injuries). The fourth ring, Zone
ID. Il per cent fatalities, 9 per
cent injuries) would have an
inner radius Of about II miles
from the center and an outer
radius about 16 miles from the
center.
1t Is on the basis of such
data that the new plans were
made.
Evening star., 1955-06-23
Why the Plans Chunqed

| The original civil defense
| plans, calling for a scurry fol
shelter, were based on the ex.
Ipectations the enemy's weapon
would be an atomic bomb.
Then came the h ydroger
bomb!
| That rather primitive Hiro.
shima bomb was figured to carry
the punch Of 10000 tons of TINT
That is now regarded as a pea
nut among bombs. With the ny.
drogen bomb the power rating
goes up through kilotons (thou.
sands Of tons of TNT) to mega.
tons. A megaton is a million
tons. Then there is the question
of fallout.
A shelter that might provide
protection against an atomic
bomb blast would be useless fol
the blast Of a hydrogen bomt
rated in megatons.
The best defense Is distance
the planners say. Put inelegantl!
but emphatically. "Be where th'
bomb amt"
The shift in planning cam
chiefly after the hydrogen boml
blast on Bikini atoll. This wa
described as amazing even th'
makers of the thing.
A nuclear cloud shot upwart
more than II miles. Kwajaleii
Island, 176 miles away, wa
Jared. Twenty-three Japanes,
fishermen on the Fortunate
Dragon, a vessel that was so tt
70 miles away. were burned b.
radiation. Later some details o
what might be expected from tn
fallout were disclosed.
Bombs are rated on a seal
with the Hiroshima bomb as tn
base. That is a TX bomb. Dis
trict officials are planning for |
Evening star., 1955-06-23
~ FRANCIS p. DOUGLAS


II Washington actually were
bombed tomorrow the number
killed probably would be far
more than the $4,000 figure Of
estimated fatalities in the June
Is make believe attack.
This would be true even if
the attack came after a rea-
sonable warning time.
The dead would not have died
defending their country.
They would have died because
Of their indifference to the prob
lens of civil defense.
The public doesn't believe in
an enemy attack. Therefore 1t
doesn't believe in making prep
arations. Millions have been
spent on far-f1ung lines of radar
warning systems. But in the Dis
trict and elsewhere throughout
the country, people do not see
the need of making plans to take
advantage of any warnings.
Funds Reflect Apathy
The apathy is reflected by
Congress, which has to appro-
PIRATE the money for plans and
preparations.
In the District, the civil de-
Tense Office has been starved oi
funds. It has a paid staff OF
only 16. Efficient ways to
recruit and train volunteer
workers are lacking. Plans cal
for 198.644 volunteer workers
There are fewer than one-fourth
that number and many are just
names on paper.
The District CD Office has only
three roentgen counters ano
four Geiger counters for testing
radioactivity. 1t says more are
at the National Bureau OF
Standards and other places and
could be obtained.
It has medical supplies cached
in 40 places. It is still in the
original cartons and could be
moved. A supply of blankets
and cots are slowed away in a
school building. Government
surplus cooking equipment has
been and is being obtained
Some of this is slowed away at
evacuation centers in Virginia
and arrangements are being
made to place some in outlying
areas of the adjacent Maryland
counties.
People UNIFORMED
II the sirens should start
their screams of alarm tomor-
row, many people would not
know what to do.
The official plan to meet an
attack is evacuation of the city,
The original plan was merely
to take shelter. Then bombs
became bigger and more terrible
In the havoc they could wreak
But aside from the shift in
plans, preparations have Jagged
and the public generally has
taAASa
Evening star., 1955-06-23
Answers Given

Val Peterson, Federal Civil
Defense Administrator, and Col
Fondahl gave answers along these
lines:
In the first place an attack
could be expected to be made in
great force to try to deliver one
knockout blow. All 90 target
centers could expect attacks.
There would be no feints. No
enemy would risk 1t. knowing
that If they cross the warning
lines the Strategic Air Command
planes would take the air to lay
Evening star., 1955-06-23

lpower would be given in o bill
lnow pending before Congress.
The measure would provide
THAT when the President or Con-
'gress would declare civil de-
Ifense emergency. the Commits
.sioners could compel the evacu-
ation Of the District, either In
whole or in part.
Before an immediate evacua-
stion in case Of an attack there
might be a strategic" evacua-
Stion. That might take place in
la period Of increasing tension.
1t would mean removal from the
city of women, children, the sick
and aged, and perhaps others
not needed in Government serv-
sices and to keep the Capital
going.
Chairman league Of q House
sDistrict subcommittee said a
month ago he and others in
=Congress. disagree with the
stheory Of mass evacuation. But
more recently he said he did not
sknow the answer and the prob
slem would be placed before the
full District Committee.
Mr.. league said the plans for
the District assume a three-hour
warming time. How do we
Eknow we will get that much
5warning?" he asked.
He also wanted to know how
, it could be learned whether at
tacking planes were headed for
Detroit, Pittsburgh, Washing
ton or some other city.
He raised the question Of
feints which might keep the city
repeatedly on the run. After a
few such cries of "Wolf! Wolff"
a warning of a real attack would
be disregarded.
He raised questions of looting
and serious crimes in an evacu-
ated city, dangers of accidents
on the crowded highways and
dangers from fallout.
Evening star., 1955-06-23
People UninfOrmed
Money Is Scarce

The concern-and lack of con-
cern-of the public is reflected
In the appropriations for the
Civil Defense Office of the Dis
trict.
At the start of the Korean
War. District residents began
to worry about what could hap
pen here If the war expanded
into World War III. Many feared
that is what would happen.
| Two weeks after the start of
that war President Truman sent
(, to Congress a request for a $780, =
600 appropriation for a civil de-
fense program in the District.
/, Congress was confused. More
than a month later the House
Appropriations Committee re-
ported out a bill for an appro-
priation Of $4,000.
The next day the House itself
voted the full $500, 900. The day
after that the House reversed
itself and cut the figure to $780,
900 again. The final appropria-
tion was 100000. With a sup
Elemental appropriation, a total
OF $350,000 was provided for
fiscal 1851.
Thereafter it appeared the
Korean War was being contained
in Korea. Here is how the ap-
preparations have run:
Evening star., 1955-06-23

Total ------198,644 46,947
| Police and fire services re-
cruiting has been hampered by
the fact there is no provision fol
compensation If a man is in
Ijured or killed In training. Pend
ing legislation seeks to remedy
that.
! Battalion Chief Clarence Quick
of the Fire Department said once
the bill is passed, the department
can go to work recruiting and
training. But he does not believe
the 1874 figure can be reached
unless we have another Pearl
Harbor."
The Police CD ONCE reported
922 men trained and sworn in
not 1919. Others have been
trained, but the department Is
waiting to find q volunteer doc
tor to give physical examinations
before the trained recruits can
be taken in.
The Health Department has q
program for recruiting and train
ing $4,000 volunteers. 1t sought
$25,870 for this purpose. but did
not get it. Gilbert V. Levin
public health engineer. said there
are some volunteers on the rolls
but the rosters are from pre-
Korean war days and have to be
combed over.
Still Little Training
Col. John E. Fondahl, head OF
the District CD office, said in
his last annual report, There
has been little training or other
activity within the warden serv-
ice during the past year" That
still holds good. ~
According to Miles F. Rouse
Of the District Highway De-
partment, assistant co-ordinator
| for rescue and repair of the CD
Office. the 10,621 figure for the
engineer services is a firm figure.
1t includes Government en-
ployes and workers in the paw
ing and construction trades.
They have been given cards
telling them where to report
after a disaster.
| A transport service has been
organized with Norman Duncan,
regional manager of the Ma
itional Van Lines, as co-ordinator.
The heads of truck lines, public
utility fleets and the delivery
services of department stores
have worked on this. A lot of
resources is represented. Mr..
Duncan said, however. 1--WE have
more chiefs than TndianSD
Evening star., 1955-06-23

to school to pick up the children
Where insufficient cars are
available, other means woulc
have to be found. Trucks oi
concerns in the neighborhooo
might be used. In a real emer.
gency a deal to have buses
stand by might be worked out.
Mr.. Riecks said $4,000 auto
mobiles would be necessary tt
carry the 100000 school chill
dren. Right now, he said, he
doubts a third Of that number
can be lined up.
Evening star., 1955-06-23
This new sky-blue detergent washes
whiter because it blues as it washes!
Lever Brothers guarantees it!

Our new exelvsive-formvla blue Rinse is differ
entdetergent specially made for washing machines
Not just coLored blue, but with special buih-n in
gradients to make your washer more efficient In fact
this new Rinse Blue with bult-m Nuing action
Evening star., 1955-06-23

AiAlc IotdlS S1,UI4, i4U. 1ne
total expended so far has been
1920, ,534.
In addition, the Federal Civil
Defense Administration has ad-
vanced $99,859 for buying medi-
cal supplies and similar pur-
poses. The District CD Office
has obligated $80.067 so far in
matching funds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
In Hawaii

Mr.. and Mrs. Edgar Earle
White are spending their vaca-
ton at the Royal Hawaiian Ho-
tel at Waikiki, Hawaii.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
BY ELEM

Big whirling skirted dresses
have been "it" with the teen-age
miss for the past several years.
She'll continue to wear them
for o long time because the
silhouette is the most effective
one for her young and pert fig
ure. A great cry was raised not
too long ago on the sloppiness
of teen-age dress. Several lat
tiers came our way and they in
dicated that the casual attire is
a pet like Of the young in years.
but by no means could it be in
terpreted as wanting to look
sloppy.
One letter we received said
1--WE teen-age girls like looking
sophisticated but still our age"
We think our pictured junior deb
dresses would 1T this category
very well. They are priced so
moderately that they are no
strain on a teen ayers budget.
y y y
When Jessicd Ddues, editor OF
VOGUE magazine spoke Friday
to the Washington Fashion
Group she made a point of not
identifying Mr.. Dior's latest letter
on the fashion scene. Describing
the silhouette that slopes from
Maroon shoulders to a sUide skirt,
Miss Daves referred to it as that
"Ietterless triangle" Balenciaga's
tunic silhouette. though newS-
making. may run its fashion
course strtftly she predicts. The
reason behind this Is it's too easy
to understand and to be inter-
preted By all.
Though bare armed fashions
haze been on the American scene
for a great many tDnrns seasons,
Miss DGpes continued In her talk,
bare arms By day are very neD
looking In Paris. "Epery collec.
ton showed dresses without
sleeUes," she said.
In her geographic spin around
the fashion Dorld she stopped
OF at England. She noted that
today the government is taking
q big interest in the II leading
coutnriere houses. "They're no
longer producing Just the ttDeedy
suit or the magnificent ballgown
In England" she added. She Gp-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
TODAY

Sisterhood Of the Northeast
Hebrew Congregation-Meeting,
$3.50 pm, the Synagogue, 460l
Eastern avenue.
American Association of Uni
versity Women, Falls Church
Branch-Meeting. 8 pm, Rec
ration center. Speaker, Mrs.
Harry Huber.
Woman's National Democratic
Club-Legislative luncheon. 1890
pm. at club. Speaker. Senator
Lister Hill.
TOMORROW
ri Beta Phi Alumnae Club
Meeting, 2 pm, home Of Mrs.
William r. Lockhart, 5507 Lam
beth road, Bethesda.
AAUW, Arlington Branch
Electrical demonstration, 1890
am, 1902 N. Hartford street,
Arlington, for the benefit Of the
AAUW scholarship fund.
Fairfax County Home Demon
stration Women -7:30 to $3.50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
YWCA Plans Tea
For New Members

New members Of the Young
Women's Christian Association
will be welcomed at a reception
and tea from 4 to Z O'Clock Fri
day in the YWCA., Seventeenth
and K streets NV.
Receiving the newcomers will
be the officers and board Of di-
rectors Of the association.
A short program will be held
at $50 pm. during which re-
ports will be made on the elec-
ton of new board members.
Songs by the 25-member YWCA
Choral Club also will be fea-
tured.
The reception is replacing the
annual luncheon meeting usually
held by the Y. This year the as
sociation's big luncheon was a
centennial celebration in Janu-
airy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
Fashion Notebook
Dior a Called
LetterIess Triangle

plduded ITALY for the Day they
design Sweaters, jewelry, and
shoes, and for setting the pace In
the couture world NTH the
Italian cut.
We think the next big fashion
news to break will not come in
women's fashions. We think it's
going to be In mems wear. More
and more leading American
mems wear-design people have
been heading for Italy to get
a better look-see at the ties.
shirts, suits, shoes and coats
that the elegant Italian men
wear Unquestionably, they are
among the best-dressed men in
the world.
A new mems coat style is
proving something short Of SEN
sational here in Washington
whenever Elio Bondi of the Ital-
ian Embassy is seen with it on.
It's a cinnamon-colored CASH
mere, double-breasted and but
toned with four large buttons.
The cut Is loose and free-swing-
ing from the shoulders but at
the same time shaped beauti-
fully. Schianchi the tailor sold
one the same day Elio was in
Rome, to Actor Clifton Webb.
Other actors working in Italy
or vacationing there are return
ing to Hollywood with many
Italian clothes. These include
Gregory Peck, Robert Taylor,
Tyrone Power and Orson Welles.
According to Angelo de Pippo,
the Roman tailor, in selecting
a suit a man must know enough
to place the proper value on the
figure without being eccentric.
Just as many men stroll around
the Piazza di Spagna in Rome
looking for fashion news as do
women. Running off the Piazza
is the fabulous Via Condotti and
Via Macelli, two famous fashion
streets for men in Rome.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
Why Grow Old?
Tall Girls Are Often ouchyAbout Heiqht

She was really nice person
and very pretty. I then said.
well, if people are kind they
would not speak out SO frankly
about your height If they con-
sidefed it an affiiction would
they? They would just speak Of
it behind your back"
She thought this over and
from then on began to make
great progress. With a little help
her walk and her posture i'm
proved dramatically, and her
personality zoomed. OF course
above-average height is not a
handicap unless you make 1t
so. It can be great asset. For
the next two days I am going
to tell you more about this.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
Modern Marriage
Differences of Opinion

one or the other should have
the entire control.
3. II your partner takes .
position that doesn't suit you.
try to understand why he be-
HAYES so.
4. If you try to gain a point
and fail, don't try again in the
same way chat is merely nag
ging). Try again but vary your
technique. There is an unlimited
field for imagination and re-
sourcefulness in doing this.
Don't keep on batting your head
against a stone wall when all
you need to do is walk so feet
to one side and go around 1t
through an open door. Many
people keep on pounding away
at the same point because they
are more interested in asserting
themselves than they are in get
ting something accomplished.
6. Be just, but don't demand
justice.
Those principles are fairly
simple. They are not so easy to
apply in daily life as they sound.
But anyone who will really work
and plan intelligently to han
die the conflict that is bound to
arise in aY1v marriage will soon
form the habit of doing so. The
trouble with most Of us is that
we have formed just the OPP
posite habit. We have formed
the habit of quarreling, squab-
bling, denouncing the partner
and demanding our rights"
Remember that it is not i'm
possible to form a habit Of
working for peace rather than
war. Then get the habit.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
BY DIR. PAUL POPENOE

1t Is hardly possible for any
two persons to be closely associ-
ated for a long time without
having a difference Of opinion.
If they never did so. life would
be monotonous-if not mean
ingless. Husbands and wives can
therefore take 1t for granted
that they are going to be in con-
fiict occasionally. They should
avoid unnecessary conflict and
handle any unavoidable conflict
intelligently and constructively
How are they going do do this?
Here are a few suggestions for
Mr.. and Mrs. Won S. and plenty
of other readers.
/. Eliminate as many sources
Of irritation as possible. They
may be large or small. Mrs. A.
is continually annoyed with her
husbands mother who has
moved in with them. Mother
could just as well live elsewhere.
Mrs. B. is continually irritated
because her husband drops
cigarette ashes on the floor. She
could provide more ash trays,
but she refuses to do it. alleg-
ing that they are ugly and
smelly. There is a wide range
Of irritations between these ex-
tremes. Examine any one for
which you are responsible and
ask yourself whether it is more
important to you than the sue
cess Of your marriage.
2. Make it a point to formu-
late plans jointly except with
regard. to subjects on which the
two of you have agreed that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
This Weeks Club Meetinos

pm, Fairfax High School Cafe
terra. Speaker. DR.. Francis De-
Voos, director of the National
Arboretum, discussing "Why
Plants Die"
THURSDAY
Woman's National Democratic
Club - Michigan and Wisconsin
dinner. 1880 pm, club. Speaker.
Mrs. G. Mennen Williams. wife
of the Governor of Michigan. dis
cussing "A Day in the Life of a
Governors Wife,"
Women's Advertising Club of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
Ceremony Held
In Bethesda

Mrs. John Joseph Hopfeld an
nounces the marriage Of her
daughter Helen Elizabeth Long
year to Mr.. Ellis Vapderveer
O'Brien on March IL in the
Bethesda Methodist Church.
The bride is the daughter Of
the late DR.. John Joseph Hop
field. The bridegroom is the son
of Mrs. M. L. Ellis O'Brien OF
Montreal, Canada, and OF Mr..
Edmond Vanderveer O'Brien Of
Lebanon, N. j.
The Rev. John r. Baker per-
formed the ceremony.
The couple will reside in Port
land, Greg, where Mr.. O'Brien
is associated with a TV station.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28

important that it could or should
be measured in inches. and re-
minded her that she was sabo-
tagging her attractiveness and
happiness by her own attitude
much more than any number Of
inches could. She replied. II
feel Just as you do. but Mrs.
Lowman, it is very difficult, be-
cause no one will let me forget
my height. I go out to buy
clothes and the saleslady shakes
her head and says, 7 don't
know! My, but you ARE tall.
"But this is not the worst!
Most men want to be at least as
tall as their dates or dance part
ners."
I finally made a dent on her
by asking, do you think that
people are naturally kind?"
She replied, "Oh, yes, I dot"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
College Day
'Open House Set

Active and non-active alumni
Of Mississippi Southern College
have been invited to attend an
open house at 8 pm. Wednes-
day in the home of Mississippi's
Senator and Mrs. John G.. STEM
mis-, 1909 Cumberland street
NV.
The occasion is in observance
of Mississippi Southern College
Day. A special appeal is being
made to all former students of
the college to attend the get-to-
gether whether active alumni
or not.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28
Why Grow Old?
BY JOSEPHINE LOWMAN

I know 1t is ridiculous for any
woman to measure happiness by
how tall she Is. but nevertheless,
many girls and women who are
taller than average are seriously
affected by their height.
I know this to be true because
Of the letters I receive and the
things women in my classes have
said to me. This truth also is
highlighted by the Tall Clubs"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-28

Washington - Annual hat show
1915 pm, Congressional Room
Willard Hotel.
FRIDAY
SisterhOod of the Kosher Israel
Congregation - B Ike sale, q
Sears Roebuck and Company
$500 Wisconsin avenue, for the
benefit of the congregation.
SATURDAY
WOmen's City Club-Luncheon
and spring hat show. 1880 pm,
at club, 1888 I street NV.