davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05
Powers Charges
Little Leadership
Shown By Hynss

Senator John E. Powers last
night declared that Mayor
Hynes has exhibited little evil
! dence of leadership during his
siv years in office.
In ignoring pressing trans
portation problems in the city,
the Mayor, Powers said, has
disregarded the plight Of East
Boston, where residents are
penalized each day because OF
their peculiar island position.
East Boston is the only
section of the city where res
idents are forced to pay a toll
charge to enter Boston," Pow
ers said. This means that
the people OF that district are
placed in special category OF
being charged extra for being
a part Of the metropolis.
What steps have you tax
en-, Mr.. Mayor. to solve this
problem? Where was your
leadership? Why have you
denied consideration to the
thousands affected by this
neglect on your part?"
Senator John E. Powers
charged that Mayor Hynes'
administration is so devoid
of accomplishments" that the
Mayor is resorting to the de-
vice Of "name-calling" to boil
ster his fading campaign.
Faced with the prospect Of
answering questions that
would expose the true char
acter of his administration,
the Mayor has begun to en-
ploy the political device of
name-calling," Powers de-
clared.
He said the Mayor in his
last TV speech made made
quate attempts % explain
away the abatem Mt racket
that has been so lucrative to
4 chosen few" of the Mayors
"The Mayor is unable
answer my repeated questions
the issue Of this campaign
because. his administration I
actually is devoid of accom-
olishments.
THE result is the Mayors .
speaking in generalities in at
to tell the people !
low he squandered $1la bill
ion in the last six years.
THE Mayor still has left
unanswered as he has other
luestions-- why he allowed the
ak rate to jump to 5000, a /
'l3 increase from the time he I
ook office, when he has had |
200 million more than any
'ther administration to con- |
iuct the course Of the city.
Tell the people, Mr.. Mayor. |
Why were you forced to bor-
row $3.5 million to keep the
tax rate from soaring beyond
$40.
What has happened to
1ou. intentions, Mr.. Mayor. to
discuss the issues" Powers
For nearly five
months you have been evad-
ng an accounting of your
stewardship before the people |
If Boston whom you serve.
Powers said that tha Mayor,
n an attempt to divert at
IGNITION from his evasions, has
,esorted to device unbecom-
ing to any campaign, and
that he has made a spectacle
Of the dignity of Boston.
you have injected name
into his ampaign in
a desperate attempt, Mr..
Mayor, to appeal to the
voters emotions rather han
their reason.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05

New York The nations
railways transported an ag-
gregate of 2,,3O8, 100000 tons
of freight in 1854, a decrease
of nearly 322,O00,OOO tons
from the year before.
BOSTON = New England is
dotted with 1O2 ports, Among
the biggest and busiest are
Bosom, Portland, New Haven
and Providence, handling s.
100000 to 100000 tons of
cargo a year.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05

ST LOUIS - The American
Petroleum Institutes market
ing division reports that some
of the nations high schools
expect to offer courses in gas
oline service-sta sales
man ship this fall.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05

CHICAGO The United
States now has about 100000
fewer food and grocery stores
than Is years ago. One of the
few catefories showing an in
crease during the period was
grocery stores with meat coun-
tiers. They climbed from 1877
900 to $4,000.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05

The danger zone when
you're driving is the distance
within which you can stop
your car, reminds the AAA.
When you're following another
car, stay at least one car
length behind for each 10
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05
VENEZUELA SELLS ORE

CARACAS Venezuela's
iron-ore exports to the United
States, which amounted to
100000 long tons in 1853, in
creased to $4,000 long tons
in 1854 and are expected to
expand further this year.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05
BOSTON BAKED

- 49, @NNA -
Continued From Page One.
radiations.. ~ Practictnf
Brotherhood ioould cause Com
1aNniSm.
- 49, ~
INTEGRATION of only ter
percent of the Nations citiz-
enry in schools, and on Jobs
would swallow up and destroy
the 80 percent majority, ac-
cording to the even present
day witch-hunt political fax
ers, some who have even put
on bed-Sheets again, making
like bansheeS while soaring
themselves half crazy. The
matchmaking has already
murdered Emmett Till and
others AS in Salem, the vic
Tins have been charged with
all Sorst of (faise) crimes.
as 49, &&%
MISSISSIPPI COURT scene
of 1855 certainly rtUaled, the
old Salem court. scenes re-
dral0n By our Irish historian
Dan O'CoRneH. If anybody
doubts that history repeats it,
self, he should read the tue
comparisons No, the ola
10stch-hunt methods hare not
persisted from the scene. This
Is me age of much hypocrisy
and character assassination
1T 1Uas Emmett Till loho 1uas
aandered and slaughtered.
Bur is 1oaS the girl lUho l0as
called "the Uictin."
%%& ass &&~
HALLOWEEN SCARES by
political fakery have mob
many oppressed
peoples of many minorities.
Dan o'Connell sees that in
Irish history. Even the young
history students know how the
men tried to keep
Colored citizens out of the
Armed Services, (they might
revolt. Or how it was ar
gued Colored should never be
worlds heavyweight champ or
play in the Major Leagues or
work in factories. This would
certainly cause the worlds
end.
40 *+& #*a
THE Masked MEN Of
apprehension hypocracu had
taught Hitler a lot OF Hallo,U-
zen horrors he used AGAINST
ne JelDS.. But, as Dan O'Con-
nell lOriteS, behind the MASKS
0ere Just mean little men il,
IN old World racket, a racket
70 Cypress other people. The
DlTtecratS acre not trmno to
SANDER and murder onlg Emu
nett Till, The DaiIy press
missed the fact that the TIN
murder t0dS an effort to n,ur-
der the Supreme Court Deci-
''on in the South.
DIR BETHUNE was witch
hunt grilled Dixiecrats for
daring to mix paleface and
brown kids during the WPA
youth recreation programs
Other Colored leaders wers
investigated" for Champion
ing equalities in civil rights
labor, education, and other
fields. And who were the
champions of Democracy
who headed the "investigat-
ing to save the Constitution
The very Dixiecrats who TO-DAY
are opposing the us. Supreme
Court. Loyalty.
TO-DAY it is possible to- sav
that no Colored American
leader north his salt has es-
capped the 10itch hunt Islander
OF those political takers vho
had their prototype in old
SdIem.. Name one outStandino
leader OF color, including Coma.
PoUeU and Dr.. Bunche, and
you 10tll find the Witch Hunt
erS once tried to "drao them
to the gauol0S. Ceytainlu
Dan O'ConneU has done nell
TO bring this subject back be-
fore the people. Let the people
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05

SUPERIOR, Wis. - The Unit
ed States produced 37,0Oo,O0O
net tons of iron ore in 1854,
a drop of "a per cent from
the record l.vel of the pre-
vious year. The Lake Super
ior region accounted for co.
100000 tons.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-11-05
choice in gas and oiI...

ESQ Research works continuously bring you products for your
car including ESQ Extra for special ddi
That prevents those annoying stalls caused icing
Evening star., 1955-02-02
7zz76wGzx
HONEY PUMP
77.s5

Year round fovorite j. classic opero pump
especially with the approach of Spring, the right
approach to your ensemble. Combination lost
assures snug fitting heel. High heel style in
black or navy suede; black, navy or red Golf and
black patent. Medium heel in black or navy
suede; black, navy or red kid and black potent.
Sizes AAA 6-lO; AA 5h-lO; A 5-lO; B 4H-l0;
5R-o.
Use coupon. at right to order by r,oil.
Down sos Store. Wonen's Shoes
Evening star., 1955-02-02
SPECIAL PURCHASE
right for Spring
STRAW HATS
$50

They'll go to your head and your heart
>. delightful petite styles in assorted
strows. Choose olpoco with nyIon rueh-
ing' trim; zenith with tiny feothers;
multi-color cornwall broid or two-tone
togo combined with velvet. All in COM
Elementary shades Of pink, white, blue,
liloc, navy, eroy, red, beige or black.
Medium heodsizes.
Down stoirs Store Millinery
Evening star., 1955-02-02
misses and half sizes
NAVY SPRING CREPE

For that crisp, fresh look Of
Spring the ever-populor
white-on-novy duet. Bur-Mi's
royon crepe Cynoro with SNORT
tie-silk poIko-dot bib and
cuffs. Bright little rhinestone
buttons dotting the bib. Two
slash pockets ond droped
stroioht skirt. Also in black.
Ia to 20 and l6lIz to 24E.
Down ssoin storsy Misses, Women's Dresses
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
SentineI's Centennial

AS one old-timer to another, The Star
is happy to extend its congratulations
and best wishes to venerable and
esteemed neighbor. the Montgomery
County Sentinel The Sentinel, weekly,
is preparing to publish soon an anniver-
sary edition in commemoration OF its
Tooth year of continuous publication
in the Maryland county. The first issue
of the Sentinel appeared on August II,
1855. Young and brash in Civil War days,
1T dared to sympathize with the Confed-
crate cause in an area closely tied to the
Union. It's founder and editor, Matthew
Fields, went to jail briefly for expressing
his fortnight opinions in that critical
era. But the paper never missed an issue,
then or since. The Sentinel has a right
to be proud of its splendid record.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
49,. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 81, 1856
Slow Justice

A disgraceful picture of justice slowed
almost to a standstill in some Federal
Jurisdictions was described by Acting
Attorney General William P. Rogers in
report to the annual judicial Conference.
It was a picture with which the Judges
themselves have become sadly familiar
in recent years. Ltigants and attorneys,
too, have felt the adverse effects Of -un-
considerable delays in trying civil cases
delays that in some districts extend over
periods as long as four and half years.
Justice postponed for years is apt to be
thwarted justice It is to be expected,
therefore, that the Department Of Justice
and the courts viii join in determined
drive to reduce the backlog Of cases and
speed up the judicial processes all along
the line.
s. The worst spot in the Federal judicial
system is New York, the backlog report
shows. In the Eastern District Of that
State it takes nearly four and half years
for civil case to reach trial stage. In
the Southern District 1t takes about IS
months for a civil case to come before
a Judge for trial and four years for it to
go to jury Other badly begged down
districts are in Massachusetts,, Pennsyl-
vania, louisiana, Michigan and Ohio.
(The District of Columbia, although rela-
lively far down the slow-justice list, has
no cause for complacence. 1t takes about
two years for civil case to come to jury
trial here. Criminal cases, fortunately,
are approximately currently
Attorney General Brownell has called
a conference of United States attorneys
for early next month to map a plan for
expediting the handling Of civil cases
involving the Federal Government. He
has told them to be prepared to work long
hours and during the usual vacation time.
II necessary. But, as Mr.. Rogers signifi-
cantly advised the Judicial Conference,
cooperation by all Of the courts will be
necessary to bring about any marked
improvement in the docket situation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
Inteqrotion Results

JdIIlCS DCdAiS oSAASo SAN s~-~
results of school Indignation
and DR.. Corning's parrying OF
questions on the Facts Forum
radio program provide a beau
tiful whitewash Of the situa-
ton as it really exists.
When teachers are no longer
hidebound by professional
ethics. they have a completely
different tale to tell about how
indignation is or is not work
ing.
One example of this white
wash" is DR.. Corning's asser-
ton that the exodus Of white
population from the District
of Columbia had not been ap-
preciably accelerated by school
integration. This is not in &C
cord with statistics.
No less an authority than
the vice president of the D. C..
Board of Education published
a report last November show
ing the correlation between
the decline in white enrolment
and the degree of indignation
by specific schools. The decline
in enrolment of white chill
dren in some schools where
indignation was substantial
reached as high as So per cent.
The city-wide decline in white
enrolment was approximately
three times greater than Ut
had been in any preced,ny
year. Gladyce @. Muse.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
Spies in Britain

It is a good thing, In its way, tnat
the British are aroused" by the belated
and probably reluctant admission of the
Foreign Office that Donald MacLean and
Guy Burgess had been spying for the
Soviet Union for a long time prior to their
disappearance in 1851.
The British have some reason to be
aroused Shortly after these two young
diplomats vanished behind the Iron Cur
tain, a Foreign ONCE spokesman said;
"There is no reason to believe they have
taken any official papers with them"
That observation was much less than
candid For there was no reason why
MacLean and Burgess should have taken
any official papers with them They had
been taking official papers out of the
files for many years. letting the Russians
photograph them, and then slipping them
back into place.
The chances are that the precise ex-
tent of the damage done by this espionage
will never be known. But MacLean, at
least, was in a position to reveal great
deal, and he probably did. Certainly,
when one adds the disclosures now being
made in this case to the free-wheeling
espionage maintained by the Russians
through such figures as Klaus Fuchs, DR..
Alan Num- May and Prof. Bruno Ponte-
corvo, the reflection on British counter
intelligence is hardly favorable one.
What significance has this for us?
Are not the secrets already stolen and
the damage done? To considerable
extent, this is true. But there still is
need for a security system in Britain and
in our own country, The Communist
effort at espionage, especially in view OF
past successes, is not going to be aban-
doned in the future. There will be new
secrets to be stolen. II possible. And the
Communists, especially in this country,
would give a great deal to know the
identities of counter-agents in their
midst.
Our Job in the United States, is to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
Code of Conduct

It is no wonder the Navy and
the Air Force-and. the Army
later-find themselves in the
position Of having to resort to
the draft to get enough men to
keep their branches UP to par
in manpower strength.
Americas youth is afraid to
join the armed forces. Afraid
not of the forces or its train
ing, but afraid Of the future.
They are afraid that they may
become prisoners of an in
humane enemy - like the
Chinese Reds-and suffer un-
speakable torture and maybe
death. For those unfortunate
to live through the enemy's
torture. however. there is the
added dread of coming home
not to a great welcome, but
to q court martial.
And now to make 1t easier
to court martial the poor
fellow in uniform the Presi-
dent and his friends have
cooked up a so-called Code Of
Conduct which, IN effect. tells
the CT that he must not tell
anything to the enemy even
under torture. OF course 1t has
always been a great sacrifice
to die for ones country, but
it is sad indeed to die with
holding information the enemy
can get from most any Ameri-
can newspaper supplement or
from any news magazine.
Tom Coll.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21

in the crush Of 1870 a day.
It will soon be too late to
request additional Junior
senior high school teachers
for 1867.
E. If you care about your
child's educational better
ment, join your citizens and
parents groups and bring
pressure to bear upon Cd
school administrators. (2) the
school board. t3) the Commits
sioners and "a Congress to
get additional secondary-level
teachers for 1867.
Give US the teachers-and
we will educate your children!
High school Teacher.
just q few days before the
opening Of school it was made
known to the Francis Scott
Key School that it was to lose
its third grade teacher.
We are proud Of the efforts
expended by the many parents
of this community who have
worked through the PTA and
other groups as well as directly
with the school administrators
to better our educational STAN
dards in Washington as well
as in our own school. We have
supported the Board Of Edu-
cation in its requests for more
funds for positions and teach
ers. for a lower teacher-pupil
ratio. etc. And then-it makes
a move such as this.
Our school had a ratio of
Approximately 35-l. BY re-
moving one teacher from it,
will raise the ratio to approx
mately 40-1 and precipitate a
dual-grade system in each of
the grades above the first. 1t
is obvious to us. If to no one
else. that this kind of school
set-up Is detrimental to our
children and we parents are
indignant. We have already
approached several members
Of the board to voice our feel
ings Of protest. School adjust
ments and learning under
present crowded conditions are
difficult enough without adding
this kind Of confusion and, In
deed. backward step. We feel
this must be corrected imme-
diately-by some drastic &C
ton. If necessary!
Minnie Klayans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
VIsTAs IN SCIENCE
Wheot's Uphill Bottle With Nature
By THOMAS r. HENRY

Bolivia, Argentina. Brazil.
Uruguay, Paraguay. Kenya,
Spain, India, Japan, Mexico.
Colombia, Chile, Australia.
South Africa and Peru.
Stem rust is a threat in all
these countries. They have
different climatic and soil con-
ditions. A variety which might
seem temporarily to answer
the disease problem in one
country might be useless in
another. Findings Of the CO.
operative effort are available
to all.
In order to md the $50
varieties offering some prom
Use practically all the $4,000
varieties in the national COLI
lection have been tested. The
great sitting stations have
been st. Croix in the Virgin
Islands and Mayaguez. Puerto
Rico. Some Of the work has
been done at regular expert
ment stations in the United
States and Mexico.
Stem rust, Of course. is only
one of wheat's countless enc
mics any of which. undecided
and unchecked until too late.
might be a severe blow to the
food resources of the world.
Other grains far less inn
portant than wheat in this
country offer similar prob
lens.
Dat Crop Damaged Too
Long known has been the
so-called septoria black stem
Of oats. It has been kept well
under control and hitherto has
not been considered a major
economic problem. Within the
last few years. however. it has
shown a sudden upSurge and
has caused. a loss of at least
is per cent in the crop Of the
North Central States. It makes
the grain unfit for milling but
it can be fed to stock with no
apparent poisonous effects.
The only known remedy is to
breed a resistant variety.
A new and quite destructive
race of stem rust was found
in Canada three years ago.
Such diseases spread fast and
this one already has a foot
hold in the United States.
A virus disease, transmitted
by seeds, has now appeared in
American barley fields. This
stripe mosaic threatens to re-
duce yields of the grain as
much as 80 per cent. No treat
ment has been found which
is effective In controlling the
virus.
A notable advance In cat
culture has been the breeding
of two varieties completely re-
Sistant to the widespread and
destructive crown rust. Un-
fortunately neither of them
is quite UP to standard as q
grain producer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
Physical Fitness

New interest has been GEN.
tered around the caliber Of
physical fitness programs be-
ing conducted for our youth.
This has led to a White House
conference on improving phys
ical fitness in this country.
It is. however. very important
that all persons responsible
for such programs interpret
them in true proportion Of
their worth to the individuals
total development. To many
persons. physical fitness means
building muscle and physical
vigor only. This point Of view
is a very circumscribed one,
yet very real in the minds of
many persons responsible for
developing physical fitness pro-
grams for youth.
All physical fitness programs
must be conducted on a broad
base in terms of making a sig
nif1cant contribution to each
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21

Wheat, planted on zz9,UuO,.
600 acres. or more than half
the crop land Of the United
States. is beset by q constantly
growing host Of enemies.
Sometimes it seems that ma
ture herself is in a malignant
conspiracy against the coun-
try's major grain crop. say
Department Of Agriculture
agronomists.
Destructive new diseases
and new races Of old diseases
as well as insect pests appear
at a rate that challenges the
best efforts Of cereal research
scientists" says an Agriculture
report on recent progress.
This struggle against nature
has no end in sight"
The fight long since has
ceased to be for the United
States alone but for all the
the world. A major arsenal in
this war against limitless
hordes OF the invisible grain
disease organisms is a collec-
ton of $4,000 varieties and
strains of wheat collected by
Department of Agriculture ex-
plorers all over the world.
About the only way to COM
bat a destructive grain disease
is to create a new variety with
inherited resistance. This is
done by crossing and counter
crossing variety after variety
until this disease resistance is
demonstrated. Almost any one
of the $4,000 varieties may
possess and be able to transmit
the desired resistance to a new
threat. The procedure is to
search through the lot until
an appropriate ancestor is
found. It often turns out that
this itself is not a good variety.
It's growth may be spindly, its
yield poor. These defects must
be overcom e by still other
crosses, all aimed to preserve
the invaluable specific
resistance.
Stem Rust Major Threat
But the wheat breeders job,
like that of the dishwasher,
never is ended. The character
Of the disease changes or an
entirely new one appears. The
hitherto resistant cross turns
out then to have no resistance
at all.
Probably the major threat at
present is from a stem rust
caused by a fungus. There has
been a search of the
arsenal" approximately $50
varieties have been found
which have considerable re-
sistance to this disease COM
bined with other desirable
qualities. These now are being
tested at q dozen experiment
stations in the United States
as wei as in Canada, Ecuador,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21

@. How long can organs of
the body survive lack of oxy-
gen in surgical operations?-
G.D.F.
A. If blood flow, which car
ries oxygen. is stopped, under
ordinary circumstances the
human brain dies If deprived
of oxygen for more than A or
5 minutes. The liver is hope
lessly damaged If deprived of
oxygen for about 20 minutes.
Kidneys will not return to
functioning II blood is kept
from them for As minutes.
The demand for oxygen is in
creased with rise In body teri
perature, and decreased ~
body temperature falls.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-21
No Words Are Born

Beyond the parapets OF outer
Some young Magellan of the
future skies
Win steer a course In that
incredible poydge
Past doldrum seas OF purple
nothingneSs
While consultations flare and
neiD suns rise.
His cGnpas filled NTH opales-
cent flame
win ride the hurricane. the
coSmic fire
To unimdginable lands Without
a name.
VdSco dd Cana, Straining
eyes to see
The first faint line of thin and
tpind-lashed coast.
Was dduntiess kin to this
explorer, tDho
win bring his brape and
battered huh to rest
In that far harbor, on that
charities sea.
In worlds so foreign that no
iDords are born
Lucid enough TO tell the tale
to me.
lnex George Gridley :