davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-11-17
Stevenson Makes a Wise Move

tarred with the Truman brush.
1t may be the intervening
years now have educated him
as to the facts of politics-ilot
to become enmeShed in the
mistakes of an adminiStfa-
ton which is being repudiated
by the people.
Stevenson often is referred
to as an indecisive person who
cannot make up his mind
readily. One reason for this
perhaps is the struggle he has
with his own conscience-be-
tween principle and expedi-
ency. He has a sort of split
personality because he is try-
ing to reflect the wishes of q
split party. For. despite the
outward professions Of har-'
mony which come so glihly
every now and then from the
Southern leaders of the Dem
ocratic Party, there is a fun
damental cleavage in it. The
Democratic Party is split on
theological issues. The Repub-
licans have some disaffection,
too, but it is negligible 10
quantity compared with the
insurrection inside the Demo-
cratic Party.
One has only to accept the
thesis that in 1852 there were
more registered Democrats
than Republicans in the coiiI1-
try to realize that the DEM
ocrats deserted their party in
sufficient numbers to defeat
Stevenson. What would Ste
venson have to do to- bring
back to the national ticket the
millions of Democrats who
voted for Eisenhower in 1852?
Stevenson would have to dis
prove that he is a radical, and
show that he really takes a
course in the middle of the
road. His speeches so far have
not reflected any such change
and the metamorphosis would
have to be visible to the naked
eye Of many millions of Demo-
Gratis who voted the Republican
ticket in 1852 because they
could not accept the radical
ism of the Truman admin
istration.
Reproduction RiShts RessrVed
Evening star., 1955-11-17
Corps of Campaign Professionals
Seems as Determined as Stevenson

space" In every sort Of media
with the announcement Of his
candidacy for the nomination
since all surprise long ago had
been drained out Of it. They
kept that running for the first
three days of this week. with
publicity Monday about the
announcement Tuesday, the
announcement itself Tuesday
which Mr.. Stevenson read over
television, and a news confer
ence on Wednesday. with more
newspaper stories and tele-
vision.
When Adlai Stevenson ar
; rived for his news conference
of yesterday, he was a man
in the middle Of a parade. be-
ing surrounded by those who
are conducting this second
campaign to make him Presi-
dent. They sat behind him as
he submitted to questions.
There was the professional
practical politician who will be
his campaign manager, James
A. Finnegan, who as chairman
Of the Democratic Party OF
Philadelphia. l948-1952, di-
rected the Democratic come
back In that city. winning five
successive elections. He also
had a part in the election of
Democratic Gov. George
Leader in 1884, when he was
organization chairman for the
party for the State. Finnepan
is giving up his present post as
secretary Of the common
wealth in Leaders administra-
tion to work for Adlai Steven
son.
Finnegan is a skillful politi-
cal operator, and viii be a link
with other big city Democratic
machine leaders. He was. In
fact, the candidate of both
Carmine DeSapio, the Tam
many leader In New York now
pushing the Ayerell Hartman
candidacy, and David Law
renee of Pittsburgh. for Demo-
cratic national chairman at
the committee meeting last
December in New Orleans
when the present national
party chairman. Paul M. But
Ter OF Indiana, was chosen to
succeed Stephen A. Mitchell.
Paul Butler was the candidate
Of Mr.. Mitchell and the Ste
venson group, Mr.. Finneean,
however, Is no newcomer in
Evening star., 1955-11-17

The foreign ministers con-
ference has definitely buried,
without fanfare or fuss, the
spirit of Geneva. that un-
natural child of American illu-
sions and Soviet lies. The ques-
tion facing us and the free
world is what may we expect
next besides a more intensified
cold war.
That the USSR will not risk
open hostilities with the West
appears a foregone conclusion.
The Red leaders will not take
a chance Of jeopardizing their
own position by plunging the
Soviet Union into a direct con-
flict with the United States.
They know that they can hurt
us badly. But they also know
that war with America would
sound the death knell OF Com
munist domination in Russia
and the satellite countries. 1t
takes much more than posses
sion of modern weapons to
achieve victory.
The present Soviet satraps
remember too well-although
they do not admit it-that
after 20 years Of military prep
arations the Red armies found
1t hard to defeat little Finland
in 1899. They also remember
that without the unlimited sup
port from the West, especially
from America, they would have
succumbed under the blows OF
Hitler's legions. Thus the pos
sibilities of a Soviet onslaught
against us or our NATO allies
is discounted. so long as we
maintain and probably in
crease, our military strength.
The masters of Russia are
expected, however. to create
new aggressions In other parts
of the world, in the hope of in
volving us, not only politically
but also militarily. Moscow has
waged a war by proxy against
this country since 1850, when
the Korean and Chinese Com
munist forces locked horns
with the American armies In
Evening star., 1955-11-17
CONSTANTINE BROWN
New Aggression by Reds Expected
As Part of Drive to Involve u. S.

Korea. A similar war by proxy
was fought in Indo- China. In
the recent outbreaks In the
Near and Middle East we have
definitely detected Moscow's
poorly concealed hand.
It is in these areas that we
may find intensified trouble in
the weeks or months to come.
Secretary Dulles expects to
pay a visit to the free coun-
tries in the Far East early next
year to assure them of Amer
ica's unrelenting interest in
their fate. Apparently our Sec
retary of State discounts the
reports that the continuous
build-up Of the Chinese Com
rnunist air and ground power
in Southern China. particu-
larly in the area facing For
mosa. is intended to s'art early
hostilitieS. This qusJ fed opti-
mism is not fully shared by the
American commanders in the
Far East and is definitely dis
counted by the Taipei military
leaders.
The Chinese Reds. so the
reports from the Nationalist
capital say, have been held
back during the months be-
tween the summit and foreign
ministers conferences. They
and their Soviet allies expected
that the spirit of Geneva would
cast more than a shadow on
the Washington-P Peiping rela-
tions. A conference between
American and Chinese Com
munist ambassadors has been
going on as a sideshow at Ge-
neva for more than three
months. In as far as we were
concerned, we expected to OBJ
tain the liberation Of all Amer
lean hostages held by Peiping.
The Chinese hoped that in
exchange for freeing some
Americans they would, bring
about a direct meeting between
Mr.. Dulles and Comrade Chou
En-lai. which would have
greatly strengthened their
prestige in the remaining por-
Evening star., 1955-11-17
What Next Besides Cold War?

tions of free Asia. This did not
happen and. according to re-
sponsible sources In the State.
it will not happen in the fore
seeable future.
The possibility of a Chinese
Communist diversion" in the
FormoSan Strait is definitely
in the cards. The Soviet Union
has repeatedly concentrated
some 80 submarines in her
Siberian bases and also at Port
Arthur. The submarines are
reckoned on by the Chinese
Communist high command to
hamper the activities of the
7th Fleet, which continues to
form a protective curtain be-
tween the mainland and the
Nationalist islands, including
the advanced post of Quemoy
and the Matsus.
1t may be that the Peiping
regime hopes that a combina-
ton of its modern Soviet
provided air power, based on
the recently completed air.
fields in Fukien Province, to-
gether with threat of using
the Russian submarines might
force the United States to
change its present position
concerning the defense of Ma
tionalist China. There are
strong suspicious in Washing
ton that after the fiasco at
Geneva, Moscow might needle
Peiping to create a military
diversion" similar to that Of
1850, when North Korea and
later Communist China be-
came aggressors at the In
stigation of the Kremlin.
ALI that the Soviets have TO
do In order to pretend that
they have no finger in the pie
is to fly the Chinese Commu-
mist flag on the submarines
and describe the crews as
volunteers" This strategy
served them wen In the Ko-
rean campaign, when all the
hardware was provided by
Moscow as well as q substan-
tial number Of the personnel
flying the Chinese planes over
Korea during the second stage
Of that war.
Evening star., 1955-11-17
Early Bid Gives Him More Time
To Line Up Stote Delegations

He should do well in the spring
primaries. though the party
bosses are rarely impressed
with the results unless they
themselves have had a hand
in them.
People who are unfamiliar
with politics do not realize that
a preconvention campaign is
altogether different from a
postconvention campaign. The
latter depends on millions of
voters. while the former de-
pends on the wishes Of a hand
full of leaders in each of the
States. Delegate-getting and
vote-getting are as different as
private parleys are from stump
speaking.
Adlai Stevenson is said to
be under a handicap because
he lost in 1852, This is an ex-
aggeration based mainly on
some historical precedents, But
the Democratic Party. which
nominated william Jennings
Bryan three times. didn't think
two previous defeats had i'm
paired his vote-getting ability.
The Republicans nominated
Dewey after his 1914 defeat.
and he ran better the second
time than he did the first.
Usually there is a good rea-
son for giving a popular can
didate second chance. In this
case Stevenson, it will be
noted, was up against a mega
tive tide in 1852 which would
have swept any Democrat into
defeat Communism. corrup-
ton and Korea" were enough
TO beat any respectable nomi-
nee. no matter what his intel
lectual capacity.
But in 1856 Stevenson will
stand on his own. He already
shows signs of veering away
from Truman, which is a mark
in his favor. If he could be-
gin 10 forsake "Trumanism"
altogether, it would be even
better for him politically. This
advice was offered him in 1852
but he rejected it. He was
Evening star., 1955-11-17
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Diplomats are not discouraged by the Big Four talks in
Geneva They covered Of ground and wound
no further apart than when they started.
Adai Stevenson names Fnnegan Of Philadelphia as
his campaign manager Adai taking chances with the
Irish vote this time determined get at least Of them
Womens clubs declare gossip magazines They're
morale With all the gossip already in print woman
Just can't learn thing at the beauty shop any more
Politics of knowing which problems never be
soedand convincing the voters that your opponent mis-
handled them.
Adai Stevenson says he'll enter the Minnesota presidential
primary With Adla in the north woods about all Hartman
and Kefauver do stay home and pray for the cry OF
Timber!
Who says disarmament isn't working? BY the time Egypt
and Israel through with their argument there won't De
enough left Russia and the United States to ght with
Evening star., 1955-11-17
DAVID LAWRENCE

Adlai Stevenson was wise in
announcing his candidacy for
President on the Democratic
ticket nine months in advance
of the national convention.
There is a distinct advantage
for him in doing so, particu-
larly because he won the NOM
nation last time under cir
cumstances that are not usu-
ally considered favorable--he
got in at the last minute as
the convention brushed aside
those who had been engaged
in the primary elections in the
States.
The main reason why Ste
venson viii benefit is that he
will prevent influential leaders
in various delegations from
committing tn selves to
other candidates. A certain
amount of committing is done
with respect,to "favorite sons"
months in advance. So what's
important to learn is what the
che .ce will be of each of these
'favorite son" delegations
when the convention gets to
a second roll call and favor
lite sons" have been given a
complimentary ballot.
BY coming out early when
no other prominent candidate
is in the field openly getting
delegates, Stevenson puts any
other contender at q disad-
vantage. The converse of the
argument is that the other
candidates, however, can con-
centrate their fire on the
leading contender.
Stevenson was not as strong
with the various Democratic
State organizations before the
1852 convention as he Is today.
He. campaigned extensively, of
course, after he was nominated
and made the acquaintance Of
local leaders. He also partici-
pated actively in the 1854
congressional campaign and
built up his friendships still
further in the Democratic
Party throughout the country.
Evening star., 1955-11-17

Little girls win love
this beautiful doll.
She sits, kneels and
walks. Saran hair can
be combed any way.
She is beautifully
dressed, tool
Evening star., 1955-11-17

CHICAGO. - The Ada /
Stevenson campaign for the
Democratic presidential nom
ination has the professional,
up-to-date touch that was
lacking in the haphazard. hit
.or- miss campaign three years
ago for the presidency itself.
The group which the 1852
Democratic presidential can
didate has drawn about him.
self is in dead earnest. serious
and determined; and so, too, is
Adlai Stevenson himself, who
acts very much like q man who
is going places.
Such an air of solemnity did
he have when he sat down for
a news conference before a
large aggregation OF news
papermen from all over the
country and an array of TV
cameras. that some who
watched him wondered If, in
his zeal for the nomination. he
were going to dispense with
the quality that made him
such a delight as a candidate
for the presidency in 1852.
To wit, his wit.
He kept it suppressed for a
long time as questions popped
at him. and he answered them
without a twinkle. They were,
at is true, serious questions
about serious matters. So, too,
in fact. was this one:
How win you finance your
preconvention earnpaign?"
With money, / hope" he
shot back, with a quick grin.
That made everything seem
normal again.
He was tart when the oppor-
tunity was opened for him to
say something about his most
persistent and outspoken foe.
Gov. Shivers Of Texas. who
bolted to Gen. Eisenhower in
1862.
The question:
Mr.. Stevenson, will you
comment on Gov. Shivers'
qualifications to fit in the next
national convention?"
The reply:
mo. sir. ] won't because I
don't know what they are"
In the Stevenson campaign
entourage there are no Madi-
son avenue boys but. such as
they are. they did very nicely
for their client in getting
Evening star., 1955-01-30
Protect your cor for
cold weather driving

Your cars engine takes it's worst
beating in winter driving. Your
Sunoco dealer knows what to do to
keep it in top condition. See him now.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07

Rounding Of figures accounts FOR
discrepancy in total.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07

MT. camp, was Lnlro.
In sense this was o high-water
mark In Senator Georges career
a testing. He had not been in ths
State too much-a Senator has lit
tie time for that II he Is truly to
serve his State in Washington. He
had no real organization. The
strong Talmadge organization was
against him. But a grateful peo-
pie rallied to him and he was able
to defeat the machine.
His victory was a great satisfac-
ton, locally and nationally. In O
sense, that was a new peak in his
career. But the truth is. each year
has seen him make new gains. 1t
Is significant that it Is ct o time
when his party Is out Of power ma
tionally that the real ability Of the
Senator is brought into such sharp
focus. There Is Q dearth Of ability
on the Republican side. Much Of
1t Is In opposition TO the President
and to the bipartisan foreign policy
which Senator George has strongly
supported.
Eisenhowers View
President Eisenhower, himself,
more than once has made public
admission Of this service. Last
March he said in a press inter-
view, which included q question
about politice,s mud-slinging, that
he would vie nothing bed to say
about o party which included such
Q man a. Senator George.
Ths man who has earned the
night 10 DO regarded as the greatest
Georgian OF our time, and one Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07
The Complexities

There had been upwards OF 80
bills introduced in Congress to
amend the Sugar Act of 1913. BY
last week, the field had narrowed
down to four. One Of them passed
the House q week ago yesterday.
1914.
Representative Harold D. Cooley,
Democrat Of North Carolina, who
heads the House Agriculture Com
mittee, was unusually frank when
he introduced the bill to the full
House. He said:
"Our committee is about to pre-
sent to this House one Of the most
complicated pieces Of legislation
that the House has ever been called
upon to consider. It is of far
reaching Importance 1t affects
people in far distance places and
vitality affects everyone of your
constituents I will admit this
House will really be confused If
they try to know all that is in
this bill. 1t is something you al
most are forced to accept on faith"
The House Rules Committee al
lowed only one hour for debate.
Since the present law does not
expire until the end Of 1856, Con-
gressmen wanted to know what the
rush was. But the domestic sugar
producers had the votes in the
House and the bill passed. In the
Senate, the usually slow moving
Finance Committee informally
approved q modified bill after less
than two hours Of hearings. 1t died.
however, principally because Of the
efforts of Senators j. w. Fulbright
Of Arkansas and Paul H. Douglas
of Illinois.
Broadly speaking. the long range
effect of all the bills would be to
give domestic cane and beet sugar
producers about half the annual
business increase, cut Cuba's share
from So per cent to roughly one
quarter. and divide the other quar-
ter Of the annual increase among
the Dominican Republic. Peru.
Mexico, Nicaragua and Haiti. Go
ing any more into detail risks be-
coming enmeshed in the complex
tiles Of which Representative Cooley
warned.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07
The Contenders

One Of the more interesting as
poets Of the sugar controversy was
the wide range Of forces and big
names involved.
First there were the Hobbies and
quasi-lobbies for the domestic pro-
ducers. Leaders here were the
United States Beet Sugar Associa-
ton. representing as of the coun-
try's leading beet producers, and the
American Sugar Cane League of the
U. S. A., Inc, working for 5000
growers and mill owners In Louis
lana and Florida.
They co-ordinated their strategy
with the Association of Sugar Pro-
ducers Of Puerto Rico, speaking
for 30 companies growing and
processing cane on that island;
with the Hawaiian Sugar Planters
Association. agent Of 20 sugar plan
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07
Wait Til Next Year

The whole contentious conglom-
Grafton Of forces will be back At
work in Washington next year.
The domestic producers think they
can win then, and there are 0
lot of factors in their favor.
It will be an election year. Cane
and beet sugar farmers SURPRISES
will be bigger than ever. Con:
gressmen will be more eager to b
kind.
And Cuba, which has no seats
in Congress. will not have the
moral weight she had this year.
II the Hill had acted at the session
just closed, it would have broken
a contract" with Cuba that had
until the end of 1856 to run. Next
year it will be the appointed time
to renegotiate.
Another advantage: Congress-
men will have more time to study
the complicated issues involved.
BY then. for instance, the stake
of the consumer - the housewife
and the industrial user-could b
more clearly defined. Domestic
producers claim prices should not
be a factor in the dispute. They
say that, figured on the basis Of
how much time it takes q worker
to earn the price Of q pound Of
sugar, the commodity is cheaper In
the United States than In the
world at large.
But what the producers do not
add Is that less Of the expensive
home production might make the
American consumers sugar bill
lower still.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-07
By EARL n. yoss

For every baby born in this coun-
try, sugar consumption jumps 100
pounds per year. Put this fact to-
gether with another, that the
American population is increasing
by 2.6 to million persons each
year. The result: An expansion In
the United States sugar market that
has set palms to itching all the way
from Idaho's irrigated beet farms to
the cane fields Of Cuba. the Philip
pines and Peru.
At present raw sugar prices, the
American consumption Is growing
at the rate Of 1852 million a year.
BY 1860 1t will have expanded by
. quarter Of q billion dollars.
Congress, which controls Ameri-
cas- growing sugar buying and sell
ing business, got all tangled UP in
the scramble for markets last week.
Just before 1t adjourned. Finally it
postponed action until next year.
Not only domestic cane and beet
producers went to bat on the Hill.
Foreign competitors, some Of them
with special claims to the United
States market. were also very much
in the competition.
It is not the usual dog eat-dog,
free-enterprise type OF trade war
1t used to be, when fiuctuating raw
sugar prices made millionaires OF
buns and vice versa. or when sugar
depressions fomented political up
heavals like the revolt against the
Hawaiian monarchy In the lS90s.
A certain measure Of stability has
been imposed by the United States,
which since 1884 has controlled
three key factors: Domestic produc-
ton, marketing and imports. I'M
port quotas allotted for sugar from
Cuba. the Philippines and several
South American countries have had
the effect Of strongly influencing
production even prosperity-in
those nations.
Producers in the United States.
of course. have an intimate con-
nection with the import quotas, too.
because these affect their own
share Of the market.
Domestic Surprises
What brought the thing to a
head this year was the sudden
development of cane and beet
sugar surpluses in this country.
Good weather was one cause. But
farmers also have developed ferti-
lizers and cultivating techniques
which increase the yield per acre.
They now find their shares Of the
American market inadequate for
the crops they are raising.
They persuaded Democratic Sen
ator Allen j. Ellender Of Louisiana
to introduce a bill whose main
impact would have been to give
domestic producers more Of the
expanding market, at the expense
Of foreign suppliers. chiefly Cuba.
That opened up the periodic
competition for the whole Ameri-
can market, which this year will
amount to some 80 million tons.
AS Congress struggled toward adj
journment last week. the Hill was
overrun with sugar lobbyists. for
eign agents. and advisers from the
State and Agriculture Departments,
all protecting their interests"