davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-01-26

The jam we are in over For-
rnosa (Taiwan) illustrates the
folly Of making disposals dur
ing q war that might better be
left until war conditions have
settled down and a peace treaty
negotiated.
Formosa at the outbreak Of
World War II belonged to
Japan, who had acquired It by
treaty in 1895 following a Chi
nese-Japanese war. Its Japa-
nese status was thereafter un-
iversally recognized.
China had originally ac-
quired 1t by conquest. counted
it part of the Manchu Empire
from the end Of the 17th CEN
tury, and thereafter colonized'
it. The original population was
not Chinese but belonged to
a type conspicuous in the Phil
ippines and Indonesia.
At the Cairo Conference the
war leaders decided to give
this Japanese possession to the
Republic of China, although
military and political condi-
tions in China were extremely
unstable. There was open or
latent civil war between the
government of Chang Kai-
shek and the Chinese Commu-
nists. who. once the war with
Japan was over, turned on the
Nationalist and became mas
ters of China. So the Cairo
award is claimed, not by a
government friendly to Amer
ica-militarily the chief victor
but. by the anti-American
Communists.
When the National Chinese
Armies were defeated or sur
rendered to the Communists,
the remnant Of them withdrew
to Formosa with their Gene
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Roundup Launched
OF 100000 Unpaid
Area Traffic Tickets

The Central Violations Bureau
and the police department to-
day are starting roundup Of
100, 900 unpaid traffic tickets in
what is expected to completely
clear up q backlog Of two years.
Stephen Grillo Of the Districts
management Office said today
that the roundup will be differ
ent from that which preceded
the beginning of the bureau last
August because 1T will get every
body. not only those In Mary
land and Virginia, but every
where"
Four clerks with the bureau
have begun combing through the
files Of traffic tickets that have
been unpaid through 1858 and
1854. The bureau will send a
formal letter to the motorist to
acquaint him Of his outstanding
ticket. If it isn't paid, Mr..
Grillo said, warrant will be
issued.
Police Chief Robert v. Murray
has assigned 1t. Abel Mann to
work with the bureau. He has
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Doris Feeson-
y. S. Policy Proves Peace Aim
While Senate Debates Over Military Commitments,
Y. N Will Serve as Forum for Geese Fire Move

giving some significant signs
Of support for the interna-
tional institution they helped
establish.
Last November a public opin-
ion research service reported
that only 6 per cent Of a cross
section polled wanted to get
out Of the U. N. entirely. This
is rock bottom on that particu-
lar question, which is regularly
asked
A year ago, those who
thought the U. N. was doing a
good Job hit a seven-year high
of 63 per cent. With some
trepidation the delegation
looked at a recheck late in
the year. The figure was 81
per cent, an insignificant drop.
Both Ambassador Lodge and
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt feel
that the audiences they have
addressed on U. N. problems
and policies are much more
cordial. Both answer any and
all questions as well as tell
their views,
Ambassador Lodge feels that
the real l0-strike in the U. N.
was the Presidents atoms-for-
peace proposals last fall. He
expects the good will and un-
derstanding 1t engendered to
last a long time.
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Fletcher Knebel
Potomac Fever

Congress unites Ikes resolution to defend Formosa
Congressman unite times of they
quit speaking other that begin breathe
easier again.
The House overwhelmingly passes Ikes fight necessary
bill. Some members however worried They claim that If
start shooting Communists may not have enough left
to investigate
Budget Director Hughes the Government is saving
millions by buying fewer brands Office supplies chief
Miss Smith, make II copies of that fine staementone
each Of our files"
Attorney General urges more money for judges
Brownel Of the Eisenhower teams best players but
knows when they might put him the bench
The Senate Investigating Subcommittee
ngs resulted from aroused public opinion The evison
audience prefers panel shows.
Some Democrats complain that Ike already had the power
to defend Formosa without asking The only Of
powers the getting
power
Evening star., 1955-01-26

ralissimo and there estab-
lished themselves as the gov
ernment of the island for the
purpose Of reconquering MAIN
land China. The United States
has continued to recognize
this government as the only
legal government Of all China. /,
q position not taken by any
Asian government oriours lead
ing Western Allies, E
The wishes Of the Formosan
population, who were trans
ferred from japanese to Ma
tional Chinese rule and now
are claimed by the Chinese
Communist Government. have
never been consulted. Chang
Kai-shek Is as opposed to the
creation Of an independent
Formosa as are the Chinese
Communist leaders. Such a
status for the island would
prejudice his position there
The United States is. there
fore, in the dangerous position
of having committed itself to
defend one Chinese territory
and government of dubious
status and legitimacy against
another Chinese government
whose status and legitimacy
we do not recognize. For If
Communist China derives its
sole legitimacy from force. its
people being barred from seek
ing an alternative rule. does
not a similar condition exist in
Formosa? 1t is certainly an
ambiguous status.
In the democratic age the
sole test Of the legitimacy of
a government has become the
uncoerced consent Of a ma
jority Of the citizens.
It is quite possible that the
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Medal Of Honor Winner
Goes Back Into Army
sy The A..oeio,sd Pres.

NEW YORK, Jan. 26.-Jake
William Lindsey. whose heroism
in World War II won him q
Medal Of Honor, is a master SER
geant again after wearing a Sec
ond lieutenant's bars for more
than two years.
The 33-year-old soldier gave
up his commission when he re-
turned from Germany last week
and was discharged. He was
sworn back into the service as
q master sergeant yesterday.
I'm just a sergeant at heart,
he commented.
IT just think I can do bet
ter job in the Army as a SER
geant. ! talk like a sergeant. II
you are an officer, that kind Of
talk don't go with recruits in the
new Army"
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Strength in Non-Portisonship
Overwhelming Booking Given Eisenhower by House
Shows the Unity Needed to Stol Red Aggression

Congress by overwhelming vote
have spoken out clearly in sup
port Of the Presidents message
warning Communist China.
The main thing now is for
the Congress to assert its cour-
age and show its readiness to
protect the defense line In the
Far East as set forth by the
President. For China is not a
powerful military nation and
it is questionable whether the
Soviet Union viii care to be-
come involved in Asia and run
the risk Of being in trouble in
Europe at the same time. His
torically the Russians dislike
intensely the idea Of any two
front war. That's why they
hesitated to engage Japan in
World War II until Hitler was
decisively beaten.
Some phases Of Russia's vac
illattng attitude are involved in
a report just issued by the
Senate Internal Security Sub
committee. which is a part of
the Senate Judiciary Commit
tee. This report was unani-
mously agreed to and was
signed by Senators Mcclellan
of Arkansas. Eastland of Mis-
sissippi, Olin Johnston of South
Carolina, Democrats, and by
Senators Jenner of Indiana,
Watkins of Utah, Welker of
Idaho and Butler Of Maryland,
Republicans.
These seven members Of the
committee reported some i'm
portant conclusions regarding
the con duct of the war in
Korea. They write that the
testimony of our senior mill
tary commanders was that
victory in Korea was possi-
Bile and desirable" They go
on to say that all the COM
manders were in the European
theater first, and none was
a Macarthur man" in the sense
of having served under him
during World War II.
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Constontne BroWr--
ViIIChinoReds Persist Now?
Choul Poised to Strike Formoso; Any Booking Down
At This Point Would Mean Serious Loss of Face

running like clockwork and
nothing apparently had been
left to chance. Comrade Chou
made only one miscalculation:
He did not count on America
waking up at the eleventh
hour. He thought that the
appeasement tide had en-
gulfed this country. too. He
may have to pay for not hav.
ing left q wide enough margin
for error.
There is not the slightest
doubt that II the Communists
launch an offensive against
any Of the key islands held by
the Nationalists they win have
to overrun the 7th Fleet. And
that is the toughest prop
osition the Communists have
encountered In the years since
they started forcing their rule
on the Chinese people.
The 7th Fleet and the re-
serves held at undisclosed
points in the Pacific cannot be
budged. T11s fleet is ready to
meet any emergency from
whatever quarter it may come.
The Chinese Communists. even
II the u. S. S. r. were to lend"
them its entire fleet in Asiatic
waters, have no chance against
the American naval forces.
The Nationalist islands. in
cluding Quemoy and Matsu,
are no pushovers like Hainan
was in 1850. The Reds paid a
heavy price for Yikiangshan
last week. And that island was
held only by a regiment OF Ma
tionalist irregulars.
In the meantime, Western
Europe, which many observers
expected to be Mortified at the
idea that America might be-
come involved in some power
full shooting In the China Sea.
seems to be pleased with Amer
ica's stand. If the reports re-
ceived so far from the Euro
pean capitals are accurate. Mr..
Eisenilower's decision seems to
have created a feeling Of re-
lief that there still is one pow
er in the world with CUTS.
Evening star., 1955-01-26

would talk loud but do Moth
ing when the chips were down.
Past experiences encouraged
this type of Communist think
ing Had America not fought
a losing war in Korea? Had
the French not capitulated in
a hurry last summer under
the impact of mild blows from
the Wet Minh2 Was not most
of Western Europe paying OBJ
eissance to the court" at
Peiping? Had not United Ma
tions Secretary General Ham
marskj jold gone hat in hand
to the Communist lair to beg
for liberation Of the unfortu-
nate uniformed Americans.
who in disregard of all inter-
national regulations. had been
sentenced to long prison
terms?
America was an interested
party in each OF these in
stances and followed the lead
instead of leading. A wind Of
appeasement was blowing hard
all over the free world. This
was the time for the Commu-
nists to strike the final blow
against the Nationalists, who
are a thorn in their side, not
so much because of their
military strength but because
they represent the hope for
liberation Of tens Of millions
on China's mainland.
The military in Peiping.
headed by Chief of Staff Gen.
Shu Yu, who until last year
was in charge of the areas
facing Formosa. believed that
Chiang's forces could be top
pied If the Communist regime
was willing to pay the price in
human lives - the cheapest
com m o dity in Communist
countries. He entrusted de-
struction Of the Nationalists
to Gen. Teng Hua, who had
led the Communist forces
across the Yangtze in 1949
and commanded the invasion
force against Hainan Island in
1850.
Everything seemed to be
Evening star., 1955-01-26

The conclusion reached by
Generals Mark Chrk, Van
Fleet, Almond and stratemey-
er as well as Admiral Joy after
personal observation in Korea
was "that the action required
to achieve victory would not
have resulted in World War
III" None Of them feared
Russian entry.
Another pertinent conclu-
sion of the military command
ers was that political consid-
erations we're permitted to
overrule military necessities"
in Korea and that possible
subversion, yishful thinking.
European orientation, and al
lied pressure" denied victory
to the U. N. forces.
These military chiefs pointed
out that there Is need for
clarificatioll OF the role OF the
United States in "a U. N. war"
and that this ought to be salts
factorily accomplished ''before
the United States again COM
mits its forces, its prestige and
its vital interest in another
U. N. military engagement"
The committee unanimously
recommends that "the proper
sphere for political decisions
in the conduct of war should
be outlined and the area of
military operations to be con-
Quoted by professionals should
be Defined" so that political
interference in the conduct Of
hostilities and the negotia-
tions of a military arnnistice
should be eliminated"
These are strong words from
a bipartisan committee, and
the lessons of the Korean war
experience may have a bearing
in the direction of any mill
tary operations which the
U. N. may order in the future
in Asia or Europe.
Reproduction RIGHTS Reseryed1
Evening star., 1955-01-26

that the soldier-President is
willing to take certain calcu-
lated risks of war in order to
save FormoSa and certain
guardians of its portals. but
has no taste whatever for Gen.
eralissimo Chang Kai-shek's
grandiose goal Of reconquering
the mainland by force.
The Presidents position is
coming under fire from some
Of his influential supporters
Whether they can alter or Ge-
fleet the course he has laid
out for himself remains to be
seen.
Right now he feels the pro-
gram is in balance. Formosa
will be protected, though risks
must be taken to do it. Having
thus bowed to the Nationalists
and their friends, he Is taking
into consideration with the
cease-f1re both public opinion
in Asia and the strong view of
Americas allies, who have
never cared for the Nationalist
cause
U. N. Ambassador Henry
Cabot Lodge starts the new
struggle in the U. N. against
the Communists with consider
able optimism. They will be
difficult as usual. but the
American people have been
Evening star., 1955-01-26
poyid Lowrenee-

The atmosphere Of nonpar-
tisanship here in dealing with
military and international af-
fairs at. this moment is per-
haps the most significant piece
Of news in many years.
Maybe it's the awareness Of
crisis in the world. maybe it's
the realization at last that
American strength If properly
reflected in foreign policy can
deter and prevent aggression.
and maybe it's the confident
belief that firmness and pol
icies based on principle will in
the present emergency result
in less rather than more ag-
gression. but there is a dis
tinct change in Washington.
Passage by the House by q
virtually unanimous vote OF o
resolution to give the President
power to use the armed forces
in the Far East when he deems
it necessary is a dramatic dis
play Of unity. Maybe the warm
ings during the last political
campaign have made the DEM
ocrats disinclined to yield to
the temptation to play politics
with international policy,
though it remains to be seen
whether the example set by the
House will be followed by the
Senate. Already rumblings are
heard there and the next 48
hours will tell the story Of
whether the Senate will go
along or undo some of the
progress made toward biparti-
sanship unity in the House.
Some Democratic Senators
are arguing that the President
doesn't need the power be-
cause presumably he possesses
1t inherently. Others are say
ing the power should be quail
fed. But there can be no per-
suasive argument against the
plea that whether the Presi-
dent needs the authority or
not. the whole world will be
impressed If both Houses Of
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Doris Fleeson-

UNITED NATIONS, N. y
President Eisenhower contin-
ues to regard his suggestion
for a cease fire in the fighting
north of Formosa as irnpot-
tant proof that his China
policy means peace, not war.
Efforts to obtain United Ma
tions sponsorship for 1t will go
forward In the Security Coun-
Gil and. If vetoed there, in the
General Assembly.
Thus, It appears that while
the Senate is debating the
military commitments of the
Presidents new proposals, the
United Nations will be furnish
ing q forum for argument on
its peaceful aspect, which is
the cease fire.
Neither China is giving the
President a hospitable recep-
tion. The Communists are yir-
ulent and vocal in their re-
lection of a cease fire and
their demands that the United
States stop intervening in
Chinese affairs. The National
lists are more polite but they
also strongly oppose the cease
fire. correctly viewing it as
booming their hopes of recon-
quering the mainland any time
soon.
The situation appears to be
Evening star., 1955-01-26
.i1U. 5. War Vessels
To Sail for Far East
sy The A.,otio..d Pres.

LONG BEACH. Calf. Jan. 20.
Eleven warships which could
give a powerful assist to the
7th Fleet in the troubled For
mosan waters are preparing to
sail within two weeks.
The Navy. however. calls 1t
routine movement.
Rear Admiral Roland N. Smoot,
commander, mine force Pacific
and senior officer afioat here,
last night put 1t this way;
This is not necessarily rein.
forcement, nor is it incident to
anything which has occurred
recently. 1t is a routine rotation,
planned and scheduled for
months"
The heavy cruisers Los Angeles,
Rochester and Baltimore, and
the destroyers Mansfield, De
Haven, Swenson, Coilette, Keyes.
Eversol. Higbee and Shelton are
scheduled to sail February Q
from Los Angeles-Long Beach
Harbor for the Far East.
The departures will be an ex-
tension Of recent big scale ship
movements. Thirty three ships
are being transferred from the
East TO West Coast Thirteen
have arrived. nine are due to-
day. and II more are TO follow.
Today's scheduled arrivals In
clude the Baiti1sore. commanded
by Capt. c. O. Christie. and
eight destroyers. the Owen,
Cowell. Cushing. Prickett. Watts.
Black, Jarvis and Trathen. They
left Norfolk, Va, January 5.
Evening star., 1955-01-26
constontine Brown

win Americas decision to
stop with steel the Chinese
Communist march toward For
rnosa and other Nationalist
held islands put an end to
Peiping's plans to cross the
Formosa Straits? This Is the
S64 question which is being
hotly debated in ofiicial WASH
ington.
On the surface 1t would ap-
pear that the Peiping dicta-
tors would refuse to listen to
reason.
Chou En-iai's warlike state
ment issued as President
Eisenhower sent his message
to Congress tends to indicate
that the Peoples Republic"
has decided to go ahead with
its invasion plans regardless Of
consequences. Its prepara-
tions for invasion Of the off,
shore islands have been COM
pleted. The men, ships and
planes are poised to strike. Any
letup would cause the Com
munist leaders to lose face for
the first time. They have
pulled Uncle Sans beard for
so long-and thus gained pres
tige they otherwise could not
have obtained-that any re-
versal might be fatal.
Conditions in China are bad.
This is particularly true in the
area south of the Yangtze
River, where dissatisfaction is
widespread. In q number of
cases the central authority
has been flouted by the starv-
ing slaves Of Peiping. In order
to prevent a possible internal
catastrophe, the regime must
put up a stiff front and push
ahead with consolidation of
China and elimination Of the
Nationalists.
But. 1t is pointed out now.
the men in Peiping may have
guessed wrong on the timing
of their latest intended ag-
gression. Chou must have
convinced himself and his
fellow dictators that in the
cross-strait operation America
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Dorothy Thompson
Folly at the Cairo Conference
Dsposing of Formoso During World Wor II While
Conditions Were in Flux Led to Present Dilemma
Wur II While

people Of Formosa would pre-
fer to be an independent Chi.
nese Republic, with a status
similar to that of the Philip.
pines. Should its people be
given a free choice and so de-
eide, the military defense Of
the island would correspond
with q defensible political
status.
As an independent political
entity legitimitized by popular
consent, 1t could take its place
in the u. NJ, along with IN
donesia and the Philippines.
But this, both the NATIONAL
ist and Communist Chinese
leaders reject as a partition Of
China. It would be q far less
unnatural partition than that
of Korea or Indo-C Climate
say nothing Of Germany.
And the fact that an en-
pire has. in the past, colonized
its nationals outside its bor-
ders. constitutes a dubious
claim, which repeatedly has
furnished the excuse for wars
Of liberation" IN behalf OF
people who have never ex-
pressed the desire to be ''lib-
Grated"
If peace is to be maintained
which in global terms means
peace between the major pow
ers settlements must be
sought which are self-sustain-
ing in the sense that they are
freely accepted by the peoples
involved. do not commit one
great power to a contest for
their defense against another,
and constitute no menace to
any.
No one can say that the
present status Of Formosa ful-
fills these conditions.
Evening star., 1955-01-26
Grounded Ship Freed
BREMERHAVEN,

BREMERHAvEN, Germany,
Jan. rs tP).-The American
freighter Marion Lykes ran
aground in the weser River
estuary of Bremerhaven yester-
day, but was pulled free by three
German tugs after few hours.
The 6,700-ton vessel proceeded
on her voyage to the United
States.
Evening star., 1955-01-26

been delegated authority to ad-
just tickets in unusual situations
such as when the violator is de-
ceased. Mr.. Grillo declared.
He may also adjust tickets II
the violator presents a valid ex-
cuse, Mr.. Grillo added.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-02
FARM AND GARDEN

FRESH-OUG strawberry plants, best
varieties, also rhubarb and horse
radish plants. Peoples, fax and
creeping phlox and many other per-
ennials. Also early blooming rainbow
BURDoFT, EV. 1856, Colesviiie,
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BLUEGRASS SOD delivered to your
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i IN clsatias' r tsss ESTIMATES Can
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Immediately. HOYLE MOTOR SALES.
l717 r. /. ave. me-. Du. 1890.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-02
SiTUATloNS-DoMEsTlc

WOMAN. colored. wants days work
So and car fare: refs. AID, 4-65S2
LADY, colored, wants 5 days work,
general ,housework. or child care
NEAT coLoRED GIRL wishes day.
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wi ~ III tlms To ref Phone DE; 2-9511
able, capable colored maid for 5-day
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