davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-02-07
STRICTLY LEADS

Must be prepared to begin immedi-
ately and work full time; car neces-
sary permanent. good future. Fol
Interview and appointment. phone
l! H. DAY, regional director Cal
Sunday, weekdays after 6 pm. Ju
Evening star., 1955-02-07

statesmen
Over 100000 families use our serv-
ice. Need 8 people to expand In this
area; 80 hrs. work makes you from
$100 to $3.50 week.
Evening star., 1955-05-04
Committee to Pave Woy
For United Fund Drive

mittee will seek 70 determine the
best type of one-package cam
paign suited to the Washington
areas needs without delay.
The committee will be charged
with scrutinizing proposals for a
united fund for the community
and recommending a program
for its organization and opera
ton. Government and other
community leaders will be con-
suited in an effort to reach a
united program that all can
support.
Extensive use of payroll de-
duction seems necessary, the
business leaders agreed, if a
successful United Fund is to be
launched here. There is no legal
provision for such deductions
from the pay of Government
workers, but the possibility of
special legislation to accomplish
TINS has been discussed in some
quarters.
Yesterdays meeting aimed at
establishing a pattern of action
that business here can follow.
Government leaders, as we'll
as business executives, have
been plagued with wide variety
of special drives that take up
time and personnel. There is
a widespread opinion here that
if a single drive were launched,
it would be economical. save
much paper work and in the
long run people would give pro-
portionately more than under
the present arrangements
Evening star., 1955-05-04

Appointment of a committee
designed to lay the groundwork
for a United Fund here to replace
a variety of financial drives for
different causes. evolved from a
businessmen special meeting
yesterday.
The session, held at the Will
ard Hotel, drew 40 of the largest
employers in the Washington
area. 1t was called by Francis
J. Kane. president of the Wash
ington Board of Trade.
The meeting unanimously au-
thorized him to name a small
working group to determine the
possibility of launching a United
Fund program here as soon as
possible.
Mr.. Kane said the committee
will be appointed in the next day
or so. Announcement of its per-
sonnel will come from the
Washington Board of Trade
headquarters. he said. The COM
Evening star., 1955-05-04
Demoeoeue'
Charge Filed

CHICAGO, May 4 (P.-Sena-
tor Kefauver, Democrat, of Ten
nessee charged last night that
President Eisenhower has en-
gagged in "demagoguery" over
FormoSa.
Senator Kefauver recalled Mr.
Eisenhower's 1853 state of the
Union message which, Senator
kefauver said, was aimed at
''unleashing Chang Kai-shek
to return to the mainland.
1.-THE demagogues claimed the
United States 7th Fleet was there
(in the Formosa Strait to hold
back the legions of Chang,
who, they led you to believe,
could march with banners flying
through China in no time at all
but were kept from doing so
by the Democrats" the Senator
said.
We'll" Senator Kefauver con-
tinued in a speech prepared for
the Rabbinical Assembly of
America. 1.-The 7th Fleet was re-
moved. The 'unleashed' Chang
didn't move an inch-but the
Reds started toward Chang and
the 7th Fleet was rushed back.
That's one way to recognize
demagoguery. The proof of the
pudding, they say, is in the eat
ing. In this case future action
showed quite clearly that the
President of the United States
had engaged in demagoguery."
Evening star., 1955-05-04
Butter Use SIumps
As OIeo Takes Over

ST. PAUL.-Butter use in the
United States fell from 1872
pounds person in 1882 to 81
pounds in 1858.
.At the same time the use
of oleomargarine increased from
is pounds in 1889 to 8.2 pounds
In 1853.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

fere with the exercise of a ju-
dicial function, and If the Con-
|gress proceeded to pass legisla-
ton, in the absence Of a degree
from the Public Utilities Com
mission. providing for 10 cents
an hour increase in the wages
for these employees would it not,
in fact, be taking over the judi
cial function of a public utilities
commission. and 1t Is without a
record Of evidence before it that
would justify that course of ac-
I want to get back to the
Mcmillan -Broyhill proposal, be-
cause. If I understand what you
have said they propose that
your company, your board Of
directors accepted this morn
ing, that either the Public
Utilities Commission sgh o u d
grant q temporary emergency
fare rate that would pay the 10
cents per hour increase. or the
Congress would pass legislation
that would grant it, apparently
out of public appropriations.
And I return to my question:
Would this not be, a clear as
sumption on the part of the
Congress of the exercise of a
judicial function of a public
utilities commission?
Mr.. Wolfson-Well, I cannot
discuss legal matters. The only
thing I could say is this: that
our general counsel advised us
that the Public Utilities Commits
sion has this authority. They
say that they do not have the
authority, the Public Utilities
Evening star., 1955-07-13

sioners did hold four sessions
to hear the company's case.
The cross examination will
come later)
Mr.. Wolfson-June 6 was the
date; yes, sir. /.
Senator Morse - Well, Mr.
Wolfson, let us assume hypo-
thetically now that the Congress
should adopt the Broyhill- Nc
MILAN suggested action.
Speaking only for myself, and
not for the committee, and
speaking as a lawyer and one
who thinks that the liberties o1
our people are dependent upon
keeping unblemished the judi
cial processes Of this country.
want to say that if this Public
Utilities Commission grants the
request that the two Congress
men make under this proposal,
without q thorough judicial hear
Ing on the matter, they GER
tainly would be disqualified for
seats on the Public Utilities
Commission.
It would be about as nonjudi-
cial a course Of action as a ju.
dicial officer could engage in.
Would Not Interfere
So we are confronted with this
time element, and I know the
difficulty Of it from the COM
pany's standpoint, and that Is
why ! have said heretofore that
I think there is some Legislative
relief that falls within the prov
ince Of Congress that we ought
to give some heed to, but I never
think the Congress should inter-
Evening star., 1955-07-13

Commission, to take this action.
Now, I do not know If it is a
proper thing for Congress to
take it out Of the hands Of the
Public Utilities Commission, but
you have an emergency existing
today. I do not see why the peo-
pie Of Washington, D. c., should
suffer with this emergency when
1t could be handled, even II it
Is a temporary, or on q tempo
rary basis, 100 days, and give
the new commission, and the
chairman particularly. Chair
man Hayes, an opportunity to
familiarize himself with this sit
uation, give management and
labor an opportunity to go ahead
and negotiate while they are
working, you see. And I think
that this thing could be solved.
And I was very much inn
pressed Win the possibilities.
Senator Morse-Mr. Wolfson,
the Public Utilities Commission
Mr.. Hayes-has already testi-
fled before this committee that
they have authority to grant the
emergency increase in fares if
the evidence presented discloses
that such a temporary order is
justified, but he has not testified
that they have authority to
grant a temporary increase in
fares without a record being
made that would justify that in
crease upon the basis of the
legal criteria binding upon the
Public Utilities Commission.
And as I read the Mcmillan
Broyhill proposal, it does not
contain any proposal for a de-
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Switch 10 Other :
RidesConceded

Senator Morse raised the
question of the public getting
used to the transit strike and
using "other means" OF trans
portdtion at yesterdays Senate
hearing. The teIt of his ez-
change NTH Mr.. WoysoH on
that point follotps:
Senator Morse-Knowing, as
you do. something about the rid
ing habits Of the public, do you
think that the day-by day ex-
tension Of this strike viii pro-
Educe transportation arrange
ments on the part Of certain
percentage Of your otherwise po-
Itential riders to the end that
that percentage will never return
to riding your buses as the result
of this?
Mr.. Wolfson-Yes. We worried
about that. I think we will lose
some that have found other
means that will not use transit
facilities.
Senator Morse - I said the
other day. in examining Mr..
IBroadwater, that I thought it
might reach as high a percentage
as 10 or Is per cent Of your
riders. Do you think that was
too high?'
Mr.. Wolfs0n--It is purely a
guess, and I am not an expert at
that, but I feel we will lose some.
I do not know what percentage.
Senator Morse-I am not an
expert on it. either, but I just
based my judgment on talk that
one hears and on the arrange
ments that people are making
for getting to work, and on the
fact that they apparently sur
Iprised themselves on how they
can reduce the hardship Of get
ting to work by entering into
pooling arrangements to the end
that we hear many discussions
to the effect that they are going
to continue that kind of trans
Iportation. That is a real problem
that management has to con-
front, and labor, too and la
bor. too. Do you agree with me
on that?
Mr.. Wolfson--Yes, sir, I do.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

the so-called scent school fare.
] do not think that can be
squared with Q sound relation
ship between private enterprise
and the Government.
Likewise. ] am inclined to think
a strong case can be made to give
you some. tax exemption relief.
but I cannot raise my right hand
and say you are entitled to a
fare increase, because I have to
look at what has happened as
the result Of fare increases
I conclude this line of ques-
tioning by saying that in my
opinion your board of directors
this morning. in agreeing to go
along with the proposal Of Con-
gressmen Mcmillan and Broy-
hill. in my Judgment, would be
approving a plan that I think
would be q serious infringement
upon the judicial processes of the
Public Utilities Commission and
would establish a precedent that
would lead to severe legislative
abuses If we followed it out to its
logical end.
Senator Morse - (After Mr..
Wolfson had criticized certain
Of the P. u. C.)-The
fact that you do not like some
people on this Public Utilities
Commission, I think, puts the
Congress in the position where
we must have to protect this
judicial process from dissatisfied
Ilitigants until the case can be
made before the appointed au-
|thorities, or the removing au-
thorities. to substantiate the
charge that they are incompe-
tent to render justice, but GER
Itainly we cannot take the posi-
Ition that we should proceed now
Ito adopt some legislation that
Iinterferes with the judicial proc
Iess of the commission just be-
cause the Capital Transit Co.
officials have lost confidence in
somebody in that commission.
If we ever started doing that
with the courts of America,
every disgruntled litigant that
did not like some judge thereby
would have a chance Of removing
the Judge, or at least removing
him from jurisdiction. If so,
what would happen to the sys-
tenn Of government by law?
think-and I say this good
naturedly-you ought to follow
this judicial course Of action and
your stockholders ought to take
that risk; and I think you and
they would be very much sur
prised, but there is nothing else
that ! can say.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
MorseP Points to Threat
To Judicial Processes

mission for the completion of
he fun hearing that it would
take. before the Public Utilities
Commission really hears this
matter on the merits"-I mean,
unless the Public Utilities Com
mission hands down o temporary
order allowing the fare increases,
l"that we call for In our petition
of June 6"-aren't you saying to
us that is a condition precedent
to this company offering q To-
cent increase an hour?
Mr.. Wolfson ~ Yes. But the
commission
Senator Morse - A 10-cent
wage increase per hour.
Mr.. Wolfson-Yes, sir; but the
commission has the facts. They
have had the facts for six
months. They anticipated this
crucial crisis, and IL is not any,
thing new to them. Maybe they
haven't got the power; maybe
the Congress has not given them
the proper power to go ahead
and exercise stoppage of any
possibility Of strikes. I don't
know.
I Just say this: that they GER
tainly haven't acted for the pub
lies interest by making sure that
we don't go into a strike here.
Senator Morse-Mr. Wolfson,
is it not true that the commits
sion has not had the facts for
six months. that you have only
filed officially your petition on
June 6, and that hea4ings on the
petition have not been held?
Aren't those the facts?
Mr.. WOlfson - They may be
publicly. but in four meetings
they certainly knew the situa-
ton, and we had discussions,
informal discussions. with the
commission.
Senator Morse-Let me ask
you-
Mr.. Wolfson - The Commits
sioners.
Senator Morse-Let me ask
you about those meetings. Is 1t
not true that those were infor-
NAL meetings with the Public
Utilities Commission in which
Ia judicial record was not taken,
the presentation of evidence and
testimony was not taken, but
constituted really the commits
sion sitting down with the offi-
GERS Of the company and dis
cussing plans about filing q petit
tion. and when . petition should
be filed? Wasn't that the sum
and substance Of 1t?
MIR. WolfsOn-Yes; that is part
Of what transpired. Other things
transpired at these meetings,
too.
Senator Morse - So that I
clearly understand the situation,
the fact is, however, is it not,
that no hearing has been held
before the Public Utilities Com
mission in the capacity Of its
conducting a judicial hearing on
the petition that you filed June
6 for the taking of evidence, the
question of whether or not you
are entitled to a fare increase?
(Note: Actually the Commits
Evening star., 1955-07-13

This Is the tert OF excerpts
from the Senate transit hear
inc In Uhich the Broyhtu-
Mcmillan proposal for q fare
increase either through quick
Public Utilities Commission
action or legislation. plus a
10-cent-dn-hour tDGoe boost
ipds discussed:
Senator Morse-Now, let US
direct your attention for a mo-
ment to the nature and func-
tions of the Public Utilities
Commission.
Would you agree with me that
its functions are judicial or, as
we say, quasi-judicial?
Mr.. Wolfson-Yes, sir, I would.
Senator Morse - Would you
agree with me that under the
law, the Public Utilities Commis-
sion has the clear legal duty to
fix fares on the basis Of certain
definite criteria that have de-
veloped in the field Of public
utility law, and that 1t has no
right to act capriciously or with
arbitrary discretion, but only
upon the basis Of findings of fact
in the form of applying those
criteria to the evidence pre-,
sented by the parties?
Mr.. W0lfsOn - Yes, If they
have the ability and competence
to do it; but two members of the
commission that we have had
a lot Of experience with did not
have the ability or competence
enough to go ahead and figure
out what a fair return is.
Senator Morse - Well, Mr..
Wolfson, am sure you will agree
with me that what you are ask
ing me to do in that comment
is to assume the premise that
you have Just laid down, namely,
that two judicial officers here
appointed by the appointing
authorities are incompetent men.
and that they should not be
vested with the Jurisdiction to
pass on this case? Isn't that
what your statement is?
Mr.. Wolfson-Based on their
record.
Senator Morse - Well, of
course. Mr.. Wolfson, we could
not proceed to discuss this mat
ter with you on that premise.
II these men are guilty of what
you say, and ! know Of not Q
scintilla Of evidence before this
committee that would support
your charge, then, Of course, the
procedure for removing them
from Office ought to be followed
by the appointing authority.
But I am discussing with you
now the nature of this process,
judicial process, Of a public utili-
ties commission, and if we are
going to have a government by
law we have got to protect that
Judicial process.
Are you not, in fact-I want
to be sure that I understand you
are you not, in fact, saying to
this committee. 1--WE think this
10-cent-an-hour increase ought
to be guaranteed by way of
either the Public Utilities Com
Evening star., 1955-07-13

termination Of this On the basis
Of the merits. It simply proposes
that the Public Utilities COM
mission proceed to issue an Or
der that fares can be increased
enough to pay o l0-cent per
hour wage increase.
Mr.. Wolfson-well. you have
q difference Of opinion. Senator.
between our general counsel and
the legal lights Of the Public
Utilities Commission.
Senator Morse-Weu, you see
II am q little troubled also by
this most recent decision Of the
United States Circuit Court of
Appeals, which is the latest pro-
nouncement Of the legal prin-
ciple I have just enunciated,
namely. that the Public Utilities
Commission must issue their
orders and their grants Of in
creases or decreases in fares on
the basis Of evidence and on the
evidence Of a. public utility
theory or criteria that viii stand
the test of the law. =.
Which leads me to a point
that seems to me that has al
most been lost sight Of in all
Of this discussion, that is, the
rights of the consumers in this
matter.
The assumption seems to be
that the only way to solve this
problem is to grant fare in
crease and let the transit riders
pay4the additional cost.
Sees Dangerous Precedent
And I want to say that until
we have a judicial record that
would Justify that course Of &C.
tion, I think it would be an ex.
ceedingly dangerous judicial prec-
edent for the Congress to seek
to establish of in effect ordering
the Public Utilities Commission
to grant an increase in fares
without a judicial record that
supports it.
Now this committee, in my
judgment-I speak at least for
myself certainly could not
raise my right hand and say
that I know, as q matter OF
proof and evidence that the
Capital Transit Co. is entitled
to an increase in fare-I am sat-
isfied that as a matter Of public
policy you are entitled to certain
benefits that you have not been
getting.
I happen TO think that an in
justice is being done this COM
pany by asking you to subsidize
the parents Of this District In
Evening star., 1955-06-13

directly from blood-stream into sun
burned area. Thus, sunburned skin
heals completely and, except in un-
usual cases, smooth tan emerges.
This substance is known as Sperti@
Ointment. Sperti Ointment does not
sting or stain. Now sold at all drug
stores for 9Sf a large tube. Buy
Sperti Ointment with amazing guar
antee that your sunburn will turn to
handsome tan, or your money is re-
funded.
Copr. 1855. Whitehall Phsrmacal COMPANY
Evening star., 1955-06-13
Auto Peace Means Record;
= Million Cars Due in IS

current month will bring the
years January-June total tc
something like 4.3 million cars
Truck volume will come close tc
500,000 units, below record levels
but showing signs of acceleration
! in the final half of the year.
Production of passenger We
hicles will level off in the July
December half; there will be new
model shutdowns. But there is
no complete suspension for any
thing like couple of months
now in sight.
The major car makers them
selves have been astonished at
the production and sales volume
Iof 1855 to date. Most of them
had predicted 1855 volume would
mount perhaps 10 per cent over
the 1854 total of 512 million
cars. But not even Harlow H.
Curtice. General Motors presi-
dent, and one of the industry's
leading optimists, has predicted
Ia Z million total for 1855.
Most recent estimates put
dealer new-car inventories close
to the 800,000-unit mark. That,
too, is a record. But it has ac-
Icumulated slowly. Sales, stimu-
lated by styling appeal, price
concessions at the dealer level
and relatively easy credit terms,
have been setting new records
for most makes in every To-day
period since the beginning of
the year.
Evening star., 1955-06-13
IChrysIer to Face
IUAW Puy Demund

DETROIT, June Is R.-
president Walter P. Reuther OF
the CIO United Auto Workers
said today his union will make
a guaranteed annual wage plar
Its No / demand on Chryslel
Corp.
But Mr.. Reuther declined tc
say whether the UAW would
make the same demand on the
Little Three" of the auto in
dustry-American Motors, Stu
debaker-Packard and Kaiser.
We'll settle that at the bar
gaining table," Mr.. Reuther said
in reference to the little three.
The UAW-Chrysler contract
expires August 81, with bargain
ing scheduled to begin go days
in advance. UAW-American Mo-
tors (Nash and Hudson) con-
tract discussions begin in Detroit
tomorrow. The company has in
dicated it would resist a guar
anteed wage plan and has criti-
cized what it terms pattern
settlements" in the industry.
Evening star., 1955-06-13

less than 5 per cent Of hourly
rated GIN workers are now non
union.
Mr.. Reuther said the union
gained more improvements in
the working agreement of the
new contract than in all pre-
vious contracts since 1941 COM
bined. These, he said, include
faster and more effective hear
ings on grievances, more even
distribution of overtime. and es-
tablishment of a medical UNI
lpire" to rule on any questions
lover worker entitlement to sick
ness benefits.
Mr.. Reuther said the company
and union had BEEN In agree
ment for some time on the guar
|anteed wage issue. He indicated
this had not been an issue in
the long week end bargaining
wrangle. The issue that Snagged
the contract talks well into this
morning was over skilled work.
ers' wages
Evening star., 1955-06-13
|UAW PUTS GAINS
I'M GM CONTRACT
AT zoe AN HOUR

DETROIT (P.-The CIO
United Auto Workers re-
ported it won approximately
these benefits = paralleling
those it won a week ago
from Ford-in it's new con-
tract with General Motors
Corp:
Guaranteed wage plan, SO
cents.
Pension plan n improve
ments, As cents.
Improvement factor. 60
cents.
Wage inequities, 1.3 cents.
Two and one-half week
vacation step, 2 cents.
disqualification insurance,
IL cents.
Triple pay for worked
holidays, 8 cents. Total, 1872
cents.
The UAW said the pyra-
miding effect of the i'm
provement factor and other
economic benefits on factors
like shift premiums, holiday
pay and the like plus the
adjustment of local union
inequities. brings the total
cost of the new package to
over 20 cents an hour.
Evening star., 1955-06-13
I2OGM Plants
Are Shut Down
On Local Issues
BY the Associated Press

More than a score of General
Motors Corp. plants were shut
down today by CIO United Auto
Workers striking over local issues
unsettled in a new company
union contract.
Close to $4,000 workers were
idle as picket lines were set up
at company installations both
before and after the contract
agreement was announced. The
JAW represents 375,000 hourly
rated GIN employees.
There were 29,500 off the job
at three GIN plants in Flint
Mich. Picket lines were set up
at the Chevrolet assembly and
stamping plant, idling 10000
and the AC spark plug plant
idling 10000. The Chevrolet
shutdown caused another 1000
to be sent home from Fisher
Body No. 2 plant. Seniority and
higher pay in some job classifi-
cations were at issue.
4 Chicago Plants Picketed
Pickets were posted at four
GIN plants in the Chicago area,
idling some 10000. Picketed
were the Buick engine plant,
with 1000 workers; Fisher Body,
5000: Electro-Motive No. l, S.
100, and Electro-Motive No. 2,
with 1,500.
Some 7,100 workers were idled
during a brief walkout at two
Kansas City plants.
The Fisher body plant at West
Miflin, Pa, was hit by a walk
out on the first shift today.
Union leaders of the $500
workers said local issues were in
dispute.
Two plants in Baltimore were
struck. A spokesman for the
United Auto Workers Union said
lit had received no official word
Iof the new wage agreement
reached in Detroit.
500 Pickets March
About 500 pickets marched in
front of each OF the two Balti-
more plants. One is a Chevrolet
assembly unit, the other makes
Fisher bodies for Chevrolets.
They are side by side and to-
gether employ about 1000.
Some 1900 midnight shift
workers refused to cross picket
lines thrown up around the COM
'pany's Willow Run transmission
plant in Michigan. An estimated
l 800 walked out at four Lansing,
Mich, plants as a union sound
car patroled plant areas broad
casting that mo agreement was
reached at midnight"
In Willow Springs. ILL.,. near