davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09
What Policy?

How should the United States re-
act to Red China's rapidly expand
ing power and prestige?
Possible reactions range from one
extreme Of military resistance TO
another extreme of peaceful may
be even acknowledgements
These alternatives can quickly be
discarded.
President Eisenhower made 1t
clear. last year that he has strong
popular backing for his policy Of
avoiding military action. large or
small, to reduce Red China's pres
tige and influence. The President
believes military answer would
risk H-War and world annihila-
ton.
Congress, on the other hand,
seems assured Of enough popular
support to prevent the United
States from quietly accepting Red
China as one of the world cornmu-
nity-if. indeed, the administration
has any thought Of this. TO allow
Red China to take d seat III the
q. N. and to permit her to estab-
lish an embassy IN washington
would be clear defeat FOR American
policy.
Two Courses Open
More realistically, there are two
courses open to this country's pol
icy makers:
y The United States can continue
economic and political pressures on
our allies and Asian friends In the
hope Of limiting their dealings with
Red China. This would keep PEI
pings influence at q minimum.
2. The United States can persist
in its boycott of Red China uni
laterally, ignoring her and resist-
ing her when possible, while the
rest Of the world treats her Is It
wishes.
These two tacks already are be-
ing followed simultaneously, Of
course. But neither 81 them can
be carried to extremes. II they
were, they probably would hurt the
United States more than Ccmmu-
mist China.
II we were to take Senator Nc
Carthy's advice and stop Al aid
to any country dealing with Red
China. for instance, we would soon
drive our Asian allies and uncom-
n1itted Asian friends into Peiping's
arms. We would also ALLEVIATE sew
eral trade hungry European allies.
WIN this moderate program chase
the Red Chinese outlaws back into
their caves? Hardly, and the
diplomats know 1t.
It may not even be effective
enough to prevent Red China's
early entry into the United Ma
tions.
At this point there seems little
prospect for avoiding q significant
defeat for United States policy
toward Peiping. We have insisted
too long on isolating Peiping to back
down gracefully now that Red
China's breakout from isolation Is
so far along.
The best the diplomats can hope
to do is let the country down slowly
and gently. with some remnant Of
dignity.
Some dynamic countermove In
Asia might Offset q measure Of the
bitterness that is bound to develop.
So far. however. there Is no sign
Of such b move.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

Of India. The two Of them signed
q co-existence pact. tt principal
point: Asia Il for Asians.
The Chou-Nehru meeting Ia India
was followed up BY Nehru,s visit to
Peiping, where the Indian chief was
warmly received. Burma's Premier
q Nh followed. and got similar
treatment.
Late last year new government
In Japan made q big point Of its
desire for normal diplomatic rela-
tons with Red China. The United
States had persuaded the old
Yoshida regime such contacts would
be undesirable.
The. white" powers in Asia.
meanwhile. formed an eight-nation
coalition at Manila to try to stop
the spread of communism In South
east Asia. The United States, Brit
ain, France, Australia and New
zeaiand--all run BY white men
were the most conspicuous members.
Only the Philippines, T.hailand and
Pakistan represented Oriental races.
In the last week Of 1854 Red
China's rapid rise was dramatized
sensationally by Q Jakarta confer
ence Of the fiye Colombo powers
India. Pakistan. Ceylon. Burma and
Indonesia. They decided to set up
an Afro Asian conference Of 80 ma
tions. including Red China. to be
convened next April. More than halt
the people In the world. IA billion.
will be represented II all nations.
attend.
Red China, with its 582 million
people. no doubt will dominate the.
conference. At the least she will
be able to circumvent the United
Nations BY achieving Z place In the
world family Of nations. At the
most the conference members might
be able to persuade the U. N. to.
admit the Peiping regime.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09
~ Richard Frxklund

When PresidentT Eisenhower
started his annual series Of messages
TO Congress last week he was fol-
lowing Q directive Of the Constitu-
tion--but the trainers Of that Con-
stitution would have been surprised
to zee how far Mr.. Eisenhower and
other modern presidents have car
ried the ball.
From the first draft Of the Con-
stitution, which said the President
'maya recommend legislation 70
Congress. 10 the present Hood Of
regular and special messages 70
long step. II b i step that illustrates
the growing completely Of govern
ment and the erowing influence Of
3 President on Capitol HIN.
The decision to give the Presi-
dent say In Legislative planning
10 typical OF the attitude Of those
early statesmen. They divided ex-
ecutive and legislative power be-
tween two separate branches Of
government, but then gave each
branch . finger h the others pie.
Constitutional Point
AT first the drafters Of the Com
.stitution thought It would be : good
idea to permit the President TO I'D
wise on legislation. Then Il was de-
cided his help would be essential.
not lust desirable. 50 90 finally
signed, the Constitution specined:
.'TIe shall from time to time give
10 the Congress information Of the
state of the Union. and recommend
70 their consideration such measures
s. he shall judge necessary and
expedient"
When George washington was IN
augurated IS President on April 30.
1859. ne reminded Congress Of that
constitutional directive. but he
pointed out there would be little
value IA any recommendation he
might have ID early III the gane.
ne aid send ~ messages TO Con-
sress durinG that nrst year. but
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

4 q i 6 \ / 4A.
casually a. any other citizen--din-
Ing In well-fllled restaurants, stroll
ing nonchalantly along busting
streets. or stopping dutifully for
trafic lights Ike his less illustrious
compatriots. Most Latin American
presidents still hold frequent and
regular open house at which they
may receive hundreds of petitioners
In the course Of q day. without In
cident.
The average Latin American, In
short respects order and human
Life as much as we do. He con-
dennis murder. and his reaction to
assassination Is as Mortified and In
dignant Is our own would be. The
record Of the individual countries
would seem TO bear that out.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

Medina In New York year or %
ago, ut which time the lawyers for
the accused INDUCED in all sorts Of
practices aimed at confusing the
issues and the court. In the end.
these lawyers received stir con.
tempt sentences from Judge Medina.
The usual contempt sentence
arises when . lawyer or litigant
blows his top" More than one
lawyer has paid . good price for the
! doubtful satisfaction Of calling 4
recalcitrant witness damned lar. =
And sometimes witnesses ret into
trouble simply by being sarcastic In
their testimony.
The celebrated gambler, Wilson
Miner. for example, continually
annoyed the Judge Of his trial with
. harrage Of nip remarks. 'Mr.
Mizner. the Judge finally inquired,
"are YOU trying to show contempt
for this court?' TO which came the
tart reply: No your honor. I'm
trying to conceal Il"
That wisecrack cost its author
500 on the spot.
Because the contempt power Is not
subject TO the usual safeguards IL
Is carefully supervised by the higher
courts to avoid caprice or arbi.
trariness. Such was the basis for
the Supreme Courts reversal OF
Judge Holtzoff's sentence or Offutt:
The possibility Of an arbitrary de-
cision. At least. the court felt there
was enough doubt TO warrant Q new
trial.
Powelfs Cose
The Powell sentence Is q different
matter and Is more unusual. He was
not disrespectful or contrary in the
ordinary sense. He simply refused
TO answer questions about alleged
wrongdoing In the FILA after being
directed by the Judge to do 90.
He thus laid himself open to
criminal contempt, which differs
from civil contempt in that the per-
son sentenced may not later avoid
his punishment By complying with
the order Of the court. He has, a.
the saying goes. had It. !.
Every one has duty to promote
Justice by providing information to
q court Tor to Congress- when or
dered to do so. Any one who de-.
clines y considered to be delib-
erately obstructing the law and IL
Vulnerable TO swift punishment.
There are two big exceptions: ~
Where the information sought IN
wolves privileged communication. a.
between doctor and patient. hus-
barld-and- wife, Observation-Disclosures:
W where the information scurht
might incriminate the person asked
TO provide It.
Mr.. Powell relied on this second
TOUT" the Fifth Amendment protec-
ton against INSTRUMENTATION
which Judge Letts regarded Is i'm
properly invoked when he sentenced
the FLA official.
The contempt problem highlighfed
hy Mr.. Hanson in his attack on Vir-
giIlia contempt law may be 4 BIT
academic just now. but Is Of even
greater potential Importance. '
Il raises the question Of how far
critics Of Judge may 60 IN LAM
basting his opinions before public
gatherings OF In the press. II Is not
hard TO see that this question may
well become 4 first-class legal battle
ground as modern techniQues o.
communication expose the courts 70
an ever-increasins glars d pub
Lefty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09

So specific requests for legislation)
and will continue through the
month: Foreign trade ON the 10th,
civil service and postal pay on the
1ith. military pay on the 18th, the
budget on the 18th. the economic
report on the Goth, health on the
oath and highway construction on
the 9th.
Only three OF these messages are
mandatory. The state OF the Union
Is In formal compliance with the
Constitution. The budget message Is
necessary under law requiring an
overall annual budget for the execu-
tive branch tthe first went TO the
Hin under Harding): and the eco
nomic report Is required By 1916
legislation.
z Purposes for Messages
The other messages. though not
mandatory. certainly are important.
They have two broad purposes:
. First. they help Congress. They
give Congress the benefit OF the
vast resources Of the executive,
without which 4 comprehensive leg
islatiye program could never be
worked out. And the messages set
. goal for Congress Witch helps It
turn out good years work.
. Second. the messages help the
President They give him . sound
Ing board for ideas and policies. q
sounding board which invertebrates
throughout the world In this day
Of complete newspaper. radio and
TV c0verage And Of course. the
messages permit the President to
help design the governmental striic-
ture he must build and operate.
Some Congressnen complain that
the mounting number Of messages
Is interfering with the Congressional
prerceatiVe to iegislate But a.
though the President can bend
Congress ear repeatedly during the
sessio1. CONGRESS still has the last
word. = en- ~ mo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09
What Went Wrong?

How did the United States fail
in its attempted quarantine 81 Red
China?
First, We could not overcome
deep-seated Asian mistrhst Of the
white man. Peiping,s Asia for
Asianss appeal impressed young
Oriental nations, so recently freed
from white" colonialisnn.
Second, we operestimated Ameri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09
Low on Contempt Seems Due
For Landmark Decisions
sy Phil Yeaser and John Stark

4 t I /. i t
Any day now the q. 8. Court Of
Appeals for the District Of Colum-
bia Is expected to decide whether
Clyde 1. Powell. ousted assistant
commissioner Of the Federal Hous-
ing Administration, was really guilty
OF criminal contempt Of court when
ne declined to answer grand jury
questioning last fall. Powell has APP
pealed years contempt sentence
handed out BY Federal Judge r.
Dickinson Let's.
In another contempt case. two
jurists well up In the legal echelons
Of the country became front-paRe
copy Just the other day. District
Judge Alexander Holtz0R and SUI.
preme Court Justice Felix Prank
furter we're pointedly showing, in
succeeding opinions, that neither
has q high regard for the others
concept Of the contempt power.
The bone Of their contention has
been Judge Holtzoff's sentencing Of
Dorsay Offutt. Washington attorney.
TO 10 days In jail for his disgrace
fur performance as defense lawyer
In the Peckham abortion trial.
Meanwhile, down in Lexington.
Va. Q few weeks ago, the general
counsel for the American Newspaper
publishers Association, Elisha Ham
son. blasted virginia's contempt
laws This criticism resulted from
the contempt citation Of the Rev.
Ross Weston. Arlington pastor. He
had publicly found fault with 4
decision given BY Virginia Judge.
Rev. Weston had done so In SER
mon. His citation was reversed at
3 higher level. but only because It
was decided that his language was
not actually conternptuous. Mr..
Hanson's view Is that the Virginia
law infringes our constitutionally
guaranteed freedom Of speech.
Triple Rarity
Contempt cases are rare. TO find
three important ones emerging at
the same time Is almost unheard Of
and has served to focus d lot OF at
tention on 3 legal authority as
unique IN principle as II Is scarce
In application.
The contempt power is quite unlike
any other In the Anglo-American
scheme Of justice. It permits the
summary sentencing Of any indi-
vidual who may sass the Judge or
otherwise show disrespect or unco-
operativeness before court of law
IN his opinion In the Offutt case,
Justice Frankfurter pointed out that
this authority Is an extraordinary
power to punish without the formal
tiles required BY the Bill Of Rights"
This, Of course. Is what makes II
unique. In contempt citation
there ID no trial BY jury, no con-
fronting BY witnesses, no cross-ex-
animation, and 90 on. There Is sirn-
ply the bleak stare OF the Judge fol-
lowed BY . directive to the offending
party that he win now proceed TO the
ibastiile and/Or pay certain fines
pending such time Is be may become
more cooperative.
The power applies to any person
before the court. defendant. plain
til. witness or lawyer.
The reason Tor It Is obvious:
without such power there could be
no really effective administration Of
justice. Litieant and counsel might
employ such tactics as 10 ham
string good courtroom practice.
A classic example involved the
trial Of various United states Com
msunists befors Federal Judge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-01-09
Ir Eai 4. voas

with the help Of Oriental neigh
bars who fear rather than love her.
ned China d swiftly succeeding IN
her campaign 70 achieve normal
diplomatic relations With the outside
world.
Feiping's prestige i soaxing-an
unpleaeant development that may
- Americas hissest problem IA
1855.
Tor Red China3s campaign - win
Q prominent place Ii tbs world COM
munity q succeeding IN spite o.
possibly even because of-Unitsd
states opposition. The Communists
IN Peiping are cIeveriy using Amsri-
cas- negative non-recognition policy
- q foil.
IN vastly popuious, richly endowed
but backward Asia and Africa, the
United States u pictured - q
gnarled old reactionary. Red China.
BY contrast. comes out looking Hike
the very picture Of the ft1turs.
Although branded IN intornA-8
tional outlaw, Mao Tse-tune's Com
munist state boasts three Gigntflcant
achievements IN i've years - 3
world power:
o Red Chinese have thrown back
United States led military forces
from the Yalu border to front
800 miles inside Korea.
. They have helped the Wet Mini
drive on hostile. United States
backed forces in Wet Nam, on their
southern border, and set up friend
" buffer state there.
Q They have achieved informal rec
ognition from leading nations around
the world. including the United
States.
More Of the Same
Peiping has every prospect for
extending her spectacular record In
1855, with these unfavorable c0nse-
Quences for American foreign policy:
1. The United States might be
forced to sit with Red China In the
United Nations. Because the United
States has made such point Of its
non-recognition policy, Washington's
influence In the Orient would drop
drastically. Is
2. II the United states refuses TO
associate with Red China In the
U. N. or elsewhere, this country
might be isolated or ct least es-
tranged from large segnnents Of the
world community. especially in Asia
and Africa.
3. n We continue to insist on an
economic boycott Of Red China. our
principal West European allies,
Britain, Germany and France, might
take advantage Of mounting world
sentiment In favor Of Peiping TO
dissolve or dilute our NATo partner
leader relationship.
The danger 10 not 90 much that
American influence in the Far East
may be reduced drastically. 1t Is
rather that the free Asian nations
are not strong enough to keep their
Independence by themselves With
out the United States military.
economic and moral stifening. the
Hedging Oriental nations may be
unable to resist Communist China's
subversive or military pressures
against them.
And II Red China brings Al Asia
under Communist control. the Red
encirclement 81 America would have
completed IT, Oriental phase.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28

Legal Forms at The Nome Nugget
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
WIEN AIRLINES

From Fairbanks: Sarah Warnke, Robert Herman, It. Rex Hum baugh, A/3C Joseph Harrell, Sgt. R. Miller, It. E. Milauckas, Joel Campbell, Clyde Beers.
 To Fairbanks: Peter Gatz, It. Harold Herbig, Glenn Sheafer, B. G. Baker, Richard Hopkins, Ar mold Russell, Eugene Schnall, Ned Frankslin, Wm. Zuback, Harry Bowers Jr., Sterling Alfred, R. C.. McGarvey, Russell Johnson, S/Sgt Carl Martin.
 To Kotzebue: Wm. Lennon, Will bur Richards, Francis Hess, Clyde Beers, Joel Campbell, Mary Koch ruk.
 From Kotzebue: James H. Craig, Helen Craig, Kay affd Mike Craig, Wilbur Richards, Hazel Nusook.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
Bethel Couples, Marooned On Wedding March Are Rescued By Air Force

ANCHORAGE, R = The Air Force finished the 100-mile we'd ding march" of two Bethel couples Wednesday, rescuing them and two other persons from the stormy beach upon which they had been marooned for a week.
 The two couples were identified in meager dispatches from Bethel as Owen Beaver, David O. David, Patti Snow and Marguerite Strauss. They started out Oct. 19 in boats for Kwigillingok, will lage 100 miles downstream from Bethel at the mouth of the Kus- kokwim river, to be married.
 Sixty miles southwest of Bethel wind whipped snow and rain forced them ashore on the ice- locked rivermouth banks. Two other persons also were forced ashore at the same point and it is believed they were in the wed- ding party.
 Since going on the beach, the six had huddled about fires built from an ample stock of driftwood. Food and sleeping bags were dropped to them by private pilot but the rescue had to await repair of disabled helicopter which finally reached them on the eighth day.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
Pfc. Joseph Hebert Jr. To Be Sent to Europe With 10th Division

FORT RILEY, Kan.-Pfc. Jo- seph Hebert Jr., whose father lives in Nome, Alaska, is scheduled to be sent to Europe from here in November as part of Operation Gyroscope, the Army's new unit rotation plan.
 Private First Class Hebert's unit, the 10th Infantry Division, is the first division to move under the Gyroscope plan. It will re- place the 1st Infantry Division, which is returning to the US.
 Hebert is a driver with Com pany B of the divisions 62nd Tank Battalion. He entered the Army last February and completed basic training at Fort Ord, Calf.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
Arrested Motorist Finds Cops Speedometer 10 Miles Too Fast

OKLAHOMA CITY, R-A jub- liant Oklahoma City motorist was cleared of speeding after the ar resting officer blushingly admit ted in court that his speedometer registered 10 miles too fast.
 Motorcycle Officer A.G. Odom Jr. arrested Willard Harold Par cham, 43, on charge of speed ing 45 miles an hour in a 35 mph zone. Parcham protested the ar rest so strongly that the officer agreed to check his equipment.
 q hate to confess it, but it was my speedometer that was wrong," Odom admitted before Traffic Judge James Epolos.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
ALASKA AlRLlNEs

From Anchorage: E. J. Kuhn, Col. Lamee, D. Tarpenning, Lee Owens, s. Barnes, R. Burke. P. Ringsmith, J. Suarez, F.W. Hinds, R. D. Lane, Charles Mize, Ivan Spencer, Lloyd Fesler, C. Free stone, Ernest Coulter, Wendell Todd, Marvin Dragseth, Thomas Johnson Bill Munz, Glynn C. can, M. A. Getz, R.D. Halverson, Jack, Day, T. T. Key Jr.
 To Anchorage: Shirley Has, E. Gruenwald, Jean Poser, Thomas Craig, Curtis Baker, Lloyd Burgy, Don Nelson, Hans Arp, Sgt. Brick amm, Sgt. McLuke, Pfc. Norman Atuk, Sgt. Thomas Willoya, Sgt. Fred Kingik, Pfc. Charlie Moses, Pfc. Amos Alexander, Pfc. G. An nangnatoguk, Cpl. Daryl Trigg, It. Col. Wm. LaMee, W/O Edwin Kuhn, Capt. Kinds, Albert Miller, Susan Paneok, Joan Denny and son, Leslie Callan, Leonard Now pakehak, J.R. Boyer, Maj. Mad docks, W.O. O'Hara, Albert Kirk, Eva Horner, Rena Kingeak, Es- ther Norton, Charlie Mitchell, Annie Alowa, Lucy Baldwin, R. Deremus, Flora Tocktoo, Fletcher Wesley.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
Leftist Writer From Iceland Wins Nobel Literature Prize

STOCKHOLM, M = The 1855 Nobel Prize for literature was won Thursday by an Icelandic novelist, Hallort Kiljan Laxness.
 A leftist, he is active in the Communist sponsored Interna- tional Peace Movement, which previously awarded him a literary prize. He has called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization "a society of war lunatics."
 Laxness, 53, has been a candi- date several years for the prize Apparently the Royal Swedish Academy this year overcame the dislike of his political leanings that at least some of it's members had felt. He will receive $36,720 at the presentation of Nobel awards Dec. 10.
 Laxness writes about the every day life of the 150,000 persons of his home island in the North At lantic. His Independent People sold heavily in the United States
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28

Fine Job Printing ali The Nugget
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
Rotary Collects $691 For Boy Scout Fund

At Thursdays Rotary luncheon guests were Allen Sanders of the Fairbanks office of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, and Rev. T. Knudson of the Nome Lutheran Church.
 James Walsh, chairman of the Boy Scout fund drive reported a total of $666.45 collected in the drive. The team headed by Steve Anderson led with $256.45 and the highest individual collector was Rev. Willard Mecklenberg with $91.
 A film, courtesy of the Alaska National Guard, was shown, and it depicted the battle for San Pietro in southern Italy during World War II.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
RARE CASE OF TRUCK DRIVER WINNING DAMAGES FROM "A PEDESTRIAN

LOUISVILLE, Ky, R-A truck driver won $1,634 damages in traffic accident case Wednesday, from a pedestrian.
 Charles B. Maynard, 29, bread routeman, had charged that Mrs. Katherine w. Nitzken, moved around a bus toward the path of his truck. He said he swerved to avoid striking her and crashed into a utility pole suffering head and arm injuries.
 Judge Ben F. Ewing agreed the victory of driver over pedes- trian was rare, something like ia tortoise running over a hare"
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28
CASHIER DROPS DEAD IN JUNEAU BANK

JUNEAU, R-Hafler H. Brunn, 67, former paying and receiving teller for the Seattle-First Ma tional Bank, dropped dead while working as cashier at the B.M. Behrends Bank here Wednesday
 Brunn first came to Alaska 40 years ago and worked briefly for the Behrends Bank. Then he moved to Seattle and retired from the bank there in 1853 after 37 years service. He returned to Juneau in 1854.
 Eiua Iah prinfiro af The Nuooe1
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28

Russian Planes Land In India On Trailblazing Flight
 NEW DELHI, India, M = Two Russian airliners have landed in India's capital on an unannounced trail blazing flight from the So- viet Union.
 The planes, which are modi- fication of the twin-engine Rus sian Illyushin 14 and similar to the US. Convair transport, ar rived here after a nonstop flight from Tashkent in southern Russia.
The Nome nugget., 1955-10-28

Letter-Size File Folders For Sale At The Nome Nugget Office