davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-04-12
Showdown Time on Hill

Congress returns from It's Easter vaca-
ton tomorrow with heavy and controver-
sial schedule of domestic legislation facing
1t. At the same time the controlling Demo-
cratic leadership is under mild fire-some
OF 1t from within party ranks on grounds
that majority leaders have been too lenient
toward President Eisenhower and some from
outside sources, such as the Americans for
Democratic Action, on grounds that insuff1-
cient progress has been made on "liberal
legislation"
Actually, circumstances have required
Congress, particularly the Senate, to spend
a large part of the past three months con-
Sidering problems of foreign affairs and the
record of action in that field has been COM
mendable. The House, meanwhile, has COM
pleted action on ten appropriation bills
about half OF the yearly load in that cate
CORY. One major piece of domestic legis-
lation is out OF the way, namely, the extern
sion OF corporation income and excise tax
rates and defeat of move to cut low
bracket individual income tax rates. In the
House, Republican and Democratic leaders
Joined in pushing through the administers
tion's version of the tariff bill but this meas
ure has run into substantial opposition on
the Senate SIDE
The troubles facing this legislation, in
cidentally, reflect political dilemma that
Is plaguing the Democrats on number of
major issues. The reciprocal trade agree
ments program was enacted first by the
Democrats. It's extension and liberaliza-
ton is being sought today by Republican
administration. The Democratic leader
ship favors it but many Southern Demo-
Gratis, whose States have become Industrial
lied In recent years, are joining with high
tariff Republicans to support restrictive
amendments Similarly, many Democrats
favor such other administration proposals as
raising the minimum wage and programs for
highway and school construction-even
while disagreeing on details. There is
partisan problem, therefore, on how to gain
objectives without sharing the credits
The President has not yet brought any
great pressure on the 84th Congress and the
Democratic leadership has not yet found
any simple way to dramatic partisan differ
ences with him. Some showdowns neces-
sarily must develop in the next few weeks.
The final record of the session is likely to
contain many compromises.
Evening star., 1955-04-12

1t seems to me that the pigeons and
doves have this very special purpose In
our lives, to make us sure that living
quietly is very much worthwhile.
The long and sad lists OF deaths from
heart diseases ought to show us that
one Of the real dangers of modern life
Is the needless bustling around which
so many do just because they are
"other- directed" as the philosopher
says. They thoughtlessly permit others
to tell them just what to think, what to
do, where to go. and how to dress, eat
and live in general.
A certain amount Of "other-direc-
ton" is necessary in the modern state,
but surely not as much as we get!
DR.. Rhines will be doing the country
great service II. in his investigations
Of the ability of the homing pigeon. he
points the minds Of many of us back to
the home.
For home is where the heart is. and
today it contains a multitude of inter-
ests unknown until a comparatively
short time ago. Before that, however,
were the fundamental virtues of the
home. where peace and quiet, a real re-
iigious sense and just being alone with
the self combined to create better life.
Let us never forget that the homing
pigeon goes home.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
sEcoND.cuEssING YALIA

David Lawrence In his April COL
urnn does not object to what Prof.
Charles A Beard called the devil
theory of history" Mr.. Lawrence
thinks that one big devil is enough
and casts President Roosevelt for that
role. When it is pointed out that Presi-
dent Roosevelt acted on the advice Of
our military leaders, including Gen.
Douglas Macarthur, Mr.. Lawrence calls
that smear" Of his hero. But 1t is
no smear of Gen. Macarthur, or sign
of mental disorder, to suggest that
there is no evidence that he disagreed
with what Louis Morton, chief Of the
Pacific section Of the Army's Office
of Military History. in an article in
Reporter Magazine (which Mr.. Law
renee mentions but then ignores), calls
the "clear and consistent" American
policy with regard to the role of Russia
in the Far East. ''Never, except per-
haps at the very end of the war" says
MIR. Morton, did our political and
military leaders deviate from the posi-
ton that Russian participation in the
Pacific war after the defeat Of Ger
many would greatly simplify the task
Of beating Japan" This decision was
not made at Yalta, and therefore the
publication of the Yalta papers fails
to throw light on its merits
Our military leaders did not desire
Russia to get involved In q two-front
war before victory In Europe was In
sight. Since we were not prepared to
put our men into that field before
1914, we were forced to rely on Soviet
armies to fight the enemy and put
themselves into a position Of calling
the shots at the time of Yalta. Whose
fault was that?
In October 1914. Stain told Church,
Evening star., 1955-04-12
Railroads and the Atom

Although 1t is not just around the bend,
nuclear-powered locomotive now has be-
gun to look feasible enough to embolden
two big American companies into undertak-
ing intensive joint studies to determine the
practicability of building such an engine
and developing it for widespread use by the
Nations railroads.
The new studies which will have the
cooperation of the Atomic Energy Commits
sion, will be conducted and wholly financed
by the Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corporation
of Philadelphia and the Denver & Rio
Grande Western Railroad Company Based
on encouraging leads resulting from an
earlier inquiry into the problem, the prof.
ect will give special consideration to type
of nuclear engine that could be used for
purposes other than just pulling trains. And
the present outlook, according to the prof.
ect's leaders, is sufficiently promising to sug-
gest that there may be, breakthroughs of a
kind that could well open the way to new
era In American railroading.,
OF course, the theoretical feasibility Of
atomic railroads has long been generally
recognized. Indeed, early last year, DR..
Lyle B. Borst, Utah University physicist
once associated with the Acc. revealed a
specific plan for steam-generating nuclear
reactor designed to develop four times the
power Of a modern Diesel engine. AS ex-
planned at the time by DR.. Borst. this reactor
which would be only 2 feet wide, feet
high and feet long-would be capable Of
driving locomotive for full year on II
pounds Of uranium fuel. Further, although
1t would require a 200-ton shielding against
radiation, it apparently would pose no seri-
Gus weight problem for the country's pres
ent roadbeds.
What still is problematical, however, is
whether nuclear locomotive--of the Borst
or any other kind of design-can compete
economically with the Diesel. The projected
two-company studies will be aimed at flnd-
ing, among other things, sure answer to
that question. II the answer is "yes"-as
many expect 1t to be-then the atom will
almost certainly be working on the railroads
in the not-too- distant future.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
Canvas Of Kansas

This Is a giants chess board OF udr,ous
squares OF green.
Mile after ieUel mile. pdsstDe under
the passing tourists eye:
Windmill. phtte house and great red
barn, repeated endIessty
While endless miles OF nacGdnm
approach and fly. !.
Time Is suspended here beneath the
co1Ds' ircurious gaze;
Small distant figures like Dresden toys
pick out the scene:
ODerhedd telegraph iDfres hum OF q
jdraway outside sDorId,
A tabled alien iDorld to this sea OF
pldctd green.
Then at last the rumoys OF nearing
cities are manifest:
Gas pumps, lunch stands, ntoteis
announce their board and bed,
And noD the smoky haze and Juror OF
the toton loom up.
As om,nous. prophetic. threatening
as q ttunderhead.
Frederick Ebrioht
Evening star., 1955-04-12
TO People of All Lands

More than 800 years ago Francis Bacon
wrote that "travel is part of education;
q part of experience" 1t was truthful
comment then, and it is not less so today.
Indeed, in these times of perilously delicate
International relationships and Of distances
shrunken by modern means Of communica-
ton, both the need and the opportunity for
education through travel are greater than
ever.
= It is gratifying, therefore, that the
American travel industry is making an or
gAnized effort this year to encourage an
Increased flow of visitors to the United
States from the other free countries of the
world, and particularly from Western Eu-
rope. For while Americans by the hum
dreds of thousands travel to the "old coun-
tries" each year, the traffic to our own
country from Europe is much lighter. There
are practical reasons, of course, for this
difference but many of them are being
modified or eliminated as Western Europe
moves toward full recovery from the
effects of World War II. With the i'm
provement of dollar balances, for example,
exchange restrictions are. being eased
greatly and package rate round-trip pas
sages may be purchased In local currencies.
The National Association of Travel Or
ganizations is taking the leadership in this
years effort to encourage visitors In a
campaign keyed to the theme, Invita-
tion to Visit U. S. A., 1t is circulating travel
data in six languages abroad. President
Eisenhower has Endorsed the principle in an
open letter "to people of all lands" in which
he wrote: "No one who sets foot in the
United States need do so as a stranger. :.
America welcomes visits of those from
abroad as vital step in the direction Of
international understanding and world
peace"
Evening star., 1955-04-12
Prosecution BottIeneck

Testimony by Department of Justice
officials before House Appropriations sub
committee shows that more than court re-
form or additional judges is required to
speed the machinery Of justice in Washing
ton. Coincident with other Improvements,
the witnesses stressed, there must be an
enlargement of the prosecution STATS at the
District and Municipal Courts.
Most of the emphasis so far-and
rightly so-has been on the desirability OF
relieving District Court judges of time
consuming ic-relationS cases through
creation of Family Court. Chief Judge
Laws of the District Court has said that
this change not only would greatly relieve
congestion in his court but would provide
litigants with better, more personalized
service. But the creation of a new court
would probably add to the workload of the
United States Attorney and his overworked
staff. Department of Justice officials
singled out the District prosecutors office
as prime example of undertaking of an
important arm of law enforcement. j. H.
Lesh, head of the departments Office SUI
pervising United States attorneys, told the
subcommittee that Washington is "bad
spot" on the prosecution map, due to the
terrific" overload.
It was pointed out that the courts here
have ruled that private attorney trying
to handle more than Is cases at one time
has no right to ask for a continuance, since
he has "too much business" for proper at
tention Yet Leo Rover's assistants carry
an average workload of between As and so
cases at all times, with assistant prosecutors
In the civil division averaging between IS
hot &c ryI,u T,,ct lofRciolS
are supporting Mr.. Rovers plea for II more
attorneys and administrative staff men,
bers, to bolster his present strength Of 43
assistant United States attorneys. Unless
this personnel increase is granted the pros
ecutors' Office Is apt to remain serious
bottleneck in the administration Of justice.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
sTRApHANeER.s LAMENT

AS q patron Of the Capital Transit
Co., wish to protest any further In.
crease in fares. Every time an increase
is granted. another group Of marginal
riders seek other means Of transport
with consequent loss, of revenue to the
transit company. This has been the
experience in Chicago and In other
cities. The loss Of these fringe riders
throws the burden on those forced to
use Capital Transit, increasingly those
less able to bear the increasing fares.
Why not reduce fares for a change
and bring back as riders the last two
or three groups of marginal riders?
And may / suggest it is not obligatory
for the Public Utilities Commission to
guarantee any rate of return on in
vestment. The stockholders have the
power to install management which
will bring return on their investment
or they have made poor investment.
Increased fares and poorer service
will never bring increased revenue.
These panaceas have failed miserably.
AS for the Utilities Commission itself,
it is futile to try and legislate poor
management into successful one. Why
not let the law Of supply and demand
take over? It might work where
paternalism fails.
Francis HI. Miles, jr.
.HAGGLlN6 OVER POSTAL PAY
It Is very discouraging and disap-
pointing, to say the. least. to see the
continued haggling in Congress over
legislation providing an increase IN
salary for postal employees. When the
last increases were granted nearly four
years ago the amount was generally
conceded to be inadequate, ana the
cost Of living has continued to mount.
Many employees or members of their
families have been forced to find adj
ditional outside employment. to the
detriment of the service and the dis
ruption of home life During 1852 Can
Evening star., 1955-04-12
GOVERNMENT DISPERSAL

Dispersal for defense purposes may
no longer be factor in the location
Of new Government buildings, but GER
tainly the congested traffic conditions
and lack Of parking facilities in WASH
ington warrant consideration. It seems
to me that suburban Maryland and vir-
ginia are the only logical locations for
Government expansion. Why should
it be necessary to crowd our agencies
Of Government within the radius of a
mile or two Of the White House?
Suburbanite.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
REsENTs INTRUSION ON NATURE

feel very disturbed about our
beautiful and historic Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal being ruined by proposed
four-lane highway.
The blueprints for putting through
highway which would have retain
ing wall beside the canal itself and
which in one place would lie between
the canal and lock house, are only
waiting for the ALLEGATION of funds to
be granted before the bulldozers start
to do irreparable damage to this beau
tiful historic shrine.
The House Committee on Appropria-
tions has already granted these funds
and the Senate Committee on Appro-
priations win have a hearing soon.
This is the last chance for anyone to
raise an objection to this highway,
which will destroy this historical water
way for our posterity to enjoy. It is
now lovely place to go for a walk.
Many rare wild flowers bloom there
and one can see rare birds such as a
pair of pileated woodpeckers who have
enjoyed nesting in the canal for the last
four or five years. prothonotary warb-
lers and others. A kingfisher claims his
special territory and hummingbirds
enjoy the trumpet vines.
With automobiles rushing by, one
could not hear the song of bird even
though he could see its mouth open
and see his voice box moving. AS !
enjoyed four-hour walk along the
canal last Saturday, found many
people enjoying this beautiful, tranquil,
undisturbed solitude--the only place to
walk near Washington without disturb
ance from automobiles. There were
from rs to 100 people on scheduled
bird walk sponsored by the National
Parks. I met three Boy Scout troops
Of "a boys each. There were many
Evening star., 1955-04-12
JOB HELP FOR DISABLED

I have just read your very fine article
Job Help Sought For Disabled" in The
Star of April 7.
1t will be great blessing to WASH
ington if the plans are carried out as
it will not only bring new life to the
disheartened but decrease the heavy
welfare load borne by the taxpayer.
I note what you say about probable
opposition from Goodwill Industries.
They are doing wonderful humans
tartan job but 1t is too big for them
alone, in fact. ! remember a remark Of
one of their officials as to the small
percentage Of those in need of reha-
bilitation they could help. Even with
their proposed expansion they can only
scratch the surface. The quote from
Mr.. Rathbone shows how they can
dovetail the two projects into pro-
gram worthy Of the Nations Capital.
Mary Phelps Mitchell.
Evening star., 1955-04-12

Pen-nanses may be used II letters carry
tDrtters' correct names and addresses.
All letters are subject to condensation.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer TO any
question Of fact BY writing The Evening
NV Washineton s. b 1yo Pleas
inclose 3 cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1955-04-12
DOUBTS TEMPORARY PENsIoNER'

DOUBTS TEMPORARY PENSlONER'
Temporary Pensioners" statements
in his April 4 letter are so lacking in
common sense that I cannot let them
go unchallenged. In the first instance,
there is something wrong when widow
with four minor children refers to
pension from the Veterans Bureau"
which went out Of existence Is years
ago when it was supplanted by Vet
Grams Administration. Her coach is that
far behind the times.
Then, Of course. she does not have
to take the handout for which she ap-
piled and which she would not other
wise receive. She can stop it any time
she chooses. She does not have to
throw it at them" either. A simple
letter will do the trick.
C. H. Olson.
Evening star., 1955-04-12

i'll and Hartman in Moscow that he
intended to attack Japan three months
after the defeat of Germany. When
Roosevelt went to Yalta he had the
assurances of his military advisers that
Russian aid was an essential element
in the approved war plan for the defeat
Of Japan. According to Mr.. Morton,
Gen. Macarthur was thoroughly in
favor Of the plan and stated emphati-
cally at the time Of Yalta to more
than one visitor that, American forces
should not invade Japan until three
months after the Red Army had at
tackled in Manchuria."
Mr.. Lawrence cannot rightly say that
this evidence has been demolished be-,
fore he has seen it. It is to be pre-
sumed that Mr.. Morton can give the
names Of some Of these visitors"
Sidney Koretz.
Evening star., 1955-04-12

@. Why should light for reading
shine over the left sioulder?--H. J. E..
A. Experts on vision have discarded
this old-fashioned rule and now be-
lieve that for best reading conditions
the room should be "bathed In light"
Evening star., 1955-04-12
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. What is the highest priced stock
in this country?--E. E.
A. Los Angeles Turf Club, at more
than $50,000 a share, Is America g Z
highest priced stock.
Evening star., 1955-04-12

didate Eisenhower, in speaking before
postal group, stated that an upward
revision of postal salaries was needed,
but two and one half years have
elapsed and as yet no remedial action
has been taken. It is small wonder that
employe morale Is at extremely low
ebb. when it appears that billions of
dollars can be appropriated for almost
any cause under the sun and yet the
richest nation on earth seemingly can
not afford 10 pay its employees enough
to maintain their families in decent
comfort.
Jackson r. King.
POTOMAC BRIDGES
I'm the multitude of councillors there
is wisdom" So may throw in my
pennyworth?
Bridges can enhance the beauty of
the scene. There are many famous
bridges that do so. The Star of April
ran picture of Saigon that showed a
beautiful single-span bridge.
II, the problem is put to our engineer
Of bridges feel sure that bridge that
will add to the holiness of the Wash
ington scene will be built.
I suggest that single-span, pre-
stressed, reinforced concrete bridge
should be considered. Such a bridge
may well rival in beauty and grandeur
another man-made structure-the Lin
coin Memorial. Let's have no more
talk about tunnels with dangerously
steep approaches and costing twice as
much as bridges.
The bridge isn't the only Potomac
problem. The river Is little better than
an open sewer.
Francis R Shaw
Evening star., 1955-02-13
MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE /

FUR COAT. Persian lamb, black. per.
feet condition. size IA; less than !;
price. Wo. 6-0933.
FUR COAT, mink: will sell for $3.50
3Sl1 Mass. ave. NV. Wo. 6-0319
FUR COAT, nnuskrst. North Alaskan
backs, size 10, excel. cond., 14O
AP. 7-6745. after pm, Ia
FUR COAT, Hudson seal. a length
In good cond.: size 3S: $50 cash
sun. co. 5-7744, Apt. 317 W. -Ia
FIR COAT. molIton. size IA: ike new
SOS: white cloth coat. SO. Botf
- lengths. JU. 5-3l44. -I3
FUR COATS. ALL KINDS-ClosinG
Z out entire stock at cost. 1117 Eve
FUR COAT, dark brown moutor
lamb. Practical new. Size is. Sac
rifice: $50. AD. 2-29a6. --l3
FUR JACKET. brown Russian
squirrel. medium size: cost $3.50. sell
SIS. AD $4,000, ext. G05.
for efiic. apt: modern,
practically new. Prefer l buyer, but
viii sell separately; may be seen
after 12 noon Sunday ut 4601
Cnnn ave KE r-n2nO -I3
Evening star., 1955-02-13
REPAIRS AND SERVICE Goat.

PAINTING, plasterinT, maintenance
work; prices reasonable. Call Ex.
PAINTING, INTERIOR AND EXTE-
-KIoR, ,, Free estimate any time
HIiNG dsF SC int ans and ext st its class ia.
call VII t3-SS07. -16
PAINTING. Carpentry. alterations and
all home improvements. First class
mechanic. Ress. Ii. 3-1"e4.
PAINTING, interior and exterior;
free estimate, reasonable price. Du.
PAINTING. PAPERING, special prices
now, latest designs. best materials;
good, clean work guaranteed. LA.
PAINTING. carpetry. general repairs;
special February prices. Mr.. CHRIS
.TLANSEN, uN; 4-3os2. ewes.
PAPER HANGING. free estimates low
PoFRi; PPso5fFss; TH' Thi.s s.as4sa @:sh'nie'' Can aR
PLAsTERiNG Guaranteed repair
work our specially. Old and new
mechanics. Call LA 6-S3IS. Ia
PLASTERBQARB, sheetrock. TAPPING,
fnishins: sanding. Free estimates.
PLAsiERISG. waterprooans. fire.
proofing: wall scraping: free esti-
PLAsTERING REPAIRS, BY expert
white mechanic; reasonable rates:
satisfaction suar. JU. 9-4 81. -o2
PLASTERING. patch work q spe-
cialty; white mech; estimates given.
p: Z: BUNCH, ,AD, 2-3sai; is. j.,
Tepaitin2: free estimates. reas. NO,
Evening star., 1955-02-13
FURNITURE
RENOVATED FURNITURE IN

RENOVATED FURNITURE IN
EXCELLENT CONDITION
all finishes, S4.95; maple
chest OF drawers. SIp.95; rockers.
1886; TV tables, 1896: Chippen-
dale gray wing chair. $2a .95; Law
son sofa, blue or wine cover,
S4a,95: mahog- corner tables.
hairs. $685. iamp tables, Sg.q5;
cellerette, Sa2 so; Hollywood beds.
dbl. size, S2a.95: blond cocktail
tables. 1926: Chippendale sofa. an
tioue velvet cover, $50 95: maple
lounge chairs, sI4.a5; factory reno
tresses. cotton felt, $12.a5. Open
Fri and Mon. eve. Free delivery
Budget terms. Three large floors
Of furniture stocked with excellent
FURNITURE TRADING MART.
2i5-.17 King St.. Alexandria, va.
XII. $4,000. XII. S-aa0l Ia