davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-08-15

This is the second of two articles on
ground water irrigation. The first APP
peared ON the cover of the first section
of the Aug. L issue.
BEFORE ANY NEGOTIATIONS are
made with well driller, it is important
to check with the state engineers office
to make certein we will be in compli-
ance with the law in the state the well
is to be drilled. CA permit, survey, ETC..
may be requ;red.)
Assuming that there is no legal rea-
son not to drill well and a test well
has shown the possibilities to be good.
then preparations should be made for
the production we'll
The first of these preparations should
be drawing formal contract with a
reliable well driller The main points to
include in a contract with well driller
are as follows
l. The mechod of drilling should be
specified (Rotary, reverse rotary, cable
tool, etc.
2. A time limit on starting and COM
pletion. (Acts of God, ETC., to be speci-
fed
Guided lest undue delay occur.
A. Diameter of well and maximum
depth. Strata differences may prevent
the same hole size from being drilled
the entire distance. Change in price
may accompany change in well diam
eter.
5. Agreement on straightness to al
low pump installation.
6. Recording of well log and collec-
ton of strata samples.
z. Type and size of casing.
8. Screen (and/or gravel pack If ne
cessary) to lie determined by size of
material to be screened out.
9. Method of well development
10. Testing the completed well by
1t should be remembered, "a compe-
ent, experienced well dri1ler is more
important than the drilling method
Ised." The size of hole to drill is i'm
'ortant- A five-foot well will produce
My about twice as much water as
ix-inch well tSee Table of Well Di-
meters.) We should use large enough
iameter to allow turbine pump 10
e installed and this to be large enough
D keep friction losses reduced
The depth OF well (un1ess specified by
tate law should be to the bottom of
he aquafier or to a depth sufficiently
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-08-15

deep to yield an adequate amount or
water.
What of screen size, length and grav-
ell pack? Gravel packing is desirable
in areas where water bearing forma-
tons are so fine textured that the
screen slot opening needed would be
very small and impractical, where
there are several separate layers of
water bearing materials. and where
wells are constructed in consolidated or
semi-consolida.ed formations and con-
tact is desired to be made with the for
nation walls Of the well.
The best rnes bod of accurately deter
mining the exact size and length of
well screen is by sending samples of
the different strata to a well screen
manufacturing company. They offer
prompt service usually free) regard
less of where The screen is purchased.
The next step is the development of
the well itse1. The following statement
by a representative of a well screen
company gives a clear picture of well
developing
1.-THE purpose of development is to
remove the co1loidal cIays, drilling
the outside of the screen IF we do not
have the correct screen to start with,
then development cannot be done as
it should be With the correctly designed
screen, a portion of the sand formation
Immediately outside of the screen is
washed through or moved into the well
and pumped cut during the develop
ment Development has a second func-
ton and that is to remove that sand
which is not stabilized and get it out
of the well so that it viii not do damage
to the pump and end up in the distri-
button lines
ssWe could then say that the purpose
of development is to make the wells
sand-free and make it possible to OBJ
tain the max mum water the formation
is capable of delivering to the we'll
There are six general methods used
for deveoIDing we'll Here again, the
experience of the man doing the devel-
opment work is more important than
he method used.
The first and possibly most univer-
sal is DEVELOPMENT by surging and
what we cal srawhiding' the pump In
his case, the development is done by
urning the pump on and off and allow
ng the water to surge or wash back
nto the well
1.-THE seccpG method is by bai1ing
md pumping, in which case, previous
O putting in ts1e pump, the well is bailed
With drilIers bail bucket and then is
1.-The third end one of the most popu-
ar methods is surging by the use of a
urge block The surge block is a tool
astened TO the end of drill stem such
nat it produces pumping action n
ne we'll
Fourth is by the use of compressed
ir or gas, which is turned loose in the
ell in bursts such that it causes a
aising and s1rging of the water level
nd in some cases actually pumps the
ell for short periods of time.
1.-THE fifth method of development is
7 use of . high pressure jet or jets
water. This method is suitable only
1der limited conditions; but where
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-08-15

G. O. WOODWARD Wyoming Irrigation Specialist
z. o. GILDEN, Engineer
, 1955-10-20
NOTICE 70 CREDITORS

SAMUEL G. HENNEMAN, having been appointed Adj
nainistrator of the above entitled estate, does hereby give
notice to all creditors and all other persons having claims
against the said estate to present such claims with proper
vouchers within six () months from the date hereof. Per-
sons indebted to the said estate are likewise requested to
make payment within the said time to the Administrator Of
his attorney.
Dated October Is, 1855.
Almeric I. Christian Samuel c. Hennemann
Attorney Administrator
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18
ANNUAL WORLD DAY
 OF PRAYER OBSERVED FRIDAY. FEBRUARY 25

The annual World Day of Prayer will be observed III Wrangel on Friday, Feb. 25. This event is sponsored by the women's groups from the local churches, the Salva- tion Army, First Presbyterian Church, Assembly of God Mission and St. Philips Church
 The offering from these services is divided between the Division of Foreign Missions and the Division of Home Missions of the National Council of Churches Projects for 1855 for the Division of Foreign Missions are: Education of Christ ian women leaders in interdenom- national Christian colleges in the Orient and in Africa; Christian literature for women and children around the world; service by the committee on friendly relations a mong foreign students, and a Christian home and family life pro- gram carried on around the world by the international Missionary Council.
 It was pointed out that if it were not for the World Day of Prayer offerings. the Division of Home Missions could not continue it's
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18

of IT nationalities. Iii March of 1942, she was again interned in Chapel Compound, this time in two buildings with 1900 Ameri- cans and Britisherss from sall walks of life. Here she remained until September g, 1943, when the second repatriation boat took the internees via Japan to Nor muga Goa. From there Miss Ste phans spent 70 days aboard the Gripsholm before sighting the Statue of Liberty. The Gripsholm touched both Port Elizabeth. South Africa. and bio de Janerio. Brazil, before reaching the New York harbor.
 Both Miss Shrovseth and Miss Stephens agree that the Chinese Peop.e are at heart, very kindly and deeply desire peace; but their Communist masters have been harsh so that the leaders of Christianity have lost their heads and many of the people fear to speak their convictions.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18
WRANGELL INSTITUTE
 NEWS
By ]. Lester Minner

(
 Miss Margaret Kirchner, head .arse at wrangeiI Institute Health enter has returned to duty after sveral weeks in the East.
 Miss Signe Skrovseth, who has cen detailed here from Mt Edge sumbe Hospital. returned recently sa Mt. Edgecumbe. She will go, aertly. to Surnadal, Norway, to fisit her mother. She plans to re- turn to the United States and be- uome a citizen. She has already ap- pied for her first papers.
 Staff Members Know China
 It Is. perhaps. a coincidence that TWO members of the Wrange1 In stitute staff, Miss Signe Skrovseth, recent nurse at the Health Center, and Miss Lillie Stephens. domestic science teacher and director of nu- triton. were interned in China during the second World War. Both know China well. speak and under stand Chinese. and have consider able insight into the problems cur rently causing world tension.
 Miss Skrovseth was a missionary China for the Lutheran Church TT nine years. For five years of hat time she was cut off from her turch and was dependent from day to day upon Chinese friends
 q the will of. who were at that lime. Japanese enemies. Interne1 n one city. and not allowed to en- fer the Japanese concentration nmp where she might have been -~fth white friends and been as- ured of food. Miss Skrovseth, SO he says. came to know and trust 'csus's statement: Take no bought for tomorrow. for your heavenly Father knowth what ye have need of before you ask Him. ' The says that in this Jesus was as
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18

projects. These projects are: Re- ligious activities for 5000 protes- ernment boarding schools; train ing of native Indian Christian leaders and assisting councils of churches and church women to serve Indian newcomers in the i'm dustrial centers This is the Indian American project.
 Low-income farming communities are being aided through the train- ing conferences for laymen and laywomen and vacation church schools in isolated areas. Also, in
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18
MRS. ADAMS ASSIGNED TO HAYNES POSITION

Mrs. Vera Adams, public health nurse who has been stationed here for the last two years. received no- tification this week of her re- assignment by the Department of Health to the public health nurse post at Haines, effective around the first of March. Mrs. Adams during her tenure here has been active in community life and will be leaving a wide circle of friends made in Wrangeil
 No announcement has been made Of a successor and it may be sever- al months before an appointment is made.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18
THE wRANoELL SENTINEL

service training for pastors.
 nav.care centers for children whose mothers work in the iieAus and makeup schools for migrant children who have no chance TOT regular education are several oi the means being used to help agri- cultural migrants.
 The local women's committee wishes to remind people of the ser vices being held here. The young peoples service will be at 4;lo on Feb. 25. with the adult observance at n m. Both services are at the Salvation Army Hall.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18

good as His word, for she found flood and shelter from day to day, and best of all, opportunities to Iserve others.
 Although forced to wear a red band on her arm marked 'enemy.' 7 her relationships with the people were such that this word was in terpreted by the people around her as having the opposite meaning m friend" One incident illustrates the way in which God did provide. Miss Skrovseth offered a camera for sale for sS0. The purchaser, supposedly an enemy, bought it and quietly gave her s1O0.
 Later in the war for q period of two years the Consul for Switzer- land allowed her the opportunity and to cook Saturday dinners for them. These men were Dr. John Leighton. for 20 years Chiang Kia- shek's best friend and later the U. s. Ambassador to China; Dr. Henry Houghton. director of the Rocke- feller Foundation Medical Center in Peking. and MT. Bowen, treasur- CT of the Rockefeller Foundation. This service to these noted prison CTS was done in all secret. Near the end of the war Miss Skrovseth be- came nurse in the concentration camp to which she had earlier been denied admission.
 Miss Lillie Stephens went to , Peking, China, via Japan in 1940 as a missionary under the Method ist Board of Missions. She arrived in Peking one week to a day be- fore the families of government of. ficials were evacuated Under Jap anese controlled China, Miss Stephens lived at the Methodist Compound and used a bicycle in at tending the College of China Stud. ies. On the first Christmas she made an eight hour trip by train to Changli, from which place she hiked on the Great Wall Ot iChina" and through it's gates into Manchuria. During the following summer she spent a weeks vaca- ] tion in Beitaho Beach and later travelled by steamer to Shanghai to await permission to leave for Chin kiang in Central China. where was to have been stationed.
 She spent Thanksgiving in the American Embassy at Ranking There she attended a buffet supper for all foreigners At this supper the guests sang Christmas carols fully realizing that trouble was ap- preaching She was attending an annual Methodist conference al Wuhu. a city located on the Yang tze River. when, on December g.
 tChina time) the Japanese bomb ed Pearl Harbor Members of thl conference got the news from a Shanghai news cast Almost i'm. mediately Japanese soldiers, arm. ed with machine guns surround
 ed the hospital compound where the conference was in session.
 Within two days all patients had to leave the hospital, regard less of their condition. Miss Stephens was held there under guard until February when she was sent to the open city ot Shanghai There she began work for the Community Church, on; made up of A denominations and
The Wrangell sentinel., 1955-02-18
MORGAN JOSEPH
 HOME FROM ARMY
' : ' ;

After "A months in Uneles army Morgan Joseph, son Of MT. and and Mrs. John Joseph of Wrangen, returned home this week with an honorable discharge, and is al- ready making plans for the fishing season. Morgan, wei known local young man, did his hitch in the Anchorage area. He was right up on what's going on in the Wran- gell area, too; been reading The Sentinel faithfully during those soldering days.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
Under the Shadow of Dick Nixon
MRS. SNYDER PRAYS FOR EISENHO WER'S
CONTINUED GOOD health

to teach them what is socially accept
able.
She said Republican women are
better equipped to do job on the
political front by virtue of their eco
nomic status, and, 1--WE have to ac-
cept the fact that Republicans sub
sidize their women"
IT wish I had the money for such
things as regional conferences that
are available to the Republican wonl-
en-" Mrs. Snyder said.
The only woman in the United
States who is a State Chairman said
another hurdle Democrats must face
is ''the one party press"
'sThe American Press, by and
large" she said, sis Republican, and
they use their news columns In a
deliberate attempt to destroy Demo-
Gratis" she added, ''their fault IS
omission rather than commission. !"
Mrs. Snyder expressed the hope
that Democrats would be as "obJec-
| tive about President EISENHOWER as
thew were about Truman in 1948 and
said she believed it was time to be-
Gin tearing at the "halo around
Eisenhower's head"
She paid tribute to the campaign
carried on by Harry Truman IN l948
when he stood virtually alone IN ms
faith that he was right and would
win the election. "Real Statesman
ship" the California Democrat SAID,
sis standing up for what you belleVe
is right even if you have to stand up
alone"
al pray every night that Eisenhow-
er's health holds up" she said, as
long as Richard Nixon is Vice Presl-
dent. Expressing approval of the
Presidents many vacations, she add
ed that she wondered what would
have been the reaction of the Amerl-
can press if it had been Truman VINO
had been taking them.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
SANDER Exalted

r. 1870 under the senatorial immu-
nitv from suit for damages, Joseph Nc
rarthy accused 80 persons in the serv-
30 If the United States of disloyalty.
re thereby ruined the career and use
fuIness of all of those people.
Tbe Yellow Press (sufferers from
4oundice turn Yellow realized that
there are millions of physical and in
+eIlectual towards in our population,
IA also millions of the vile who think
tbav elevate themselves by dragging
theirs down. The journalists also study
nj nrofit by mass hysteria.
The Masonic Fraternity in the 1830's
rae the object of Mass Hysteria.
,rwenty-three old women were burned
&C witches in Salem Mass, because of
Mess Hysteria. Local Mass Hysteria
1vnched many persons in the South,
sonoe also in Indiana, and other North
arn states. Crank Little in Butte.)
But never did Hysteria run so wild,
ca thorough in this, or any other large
nation as McCarthyism.
n spread as fast as the influenza in
4q18 Tt inoculated universities, federal
courts. juries-finally the Congress of
the United States. That body outlawed
y political party.
r was seized by Chambers of Com
MERGE as a means by which If they
sided in with it, they could control
nnblic opinion in plans of Economics
Some of the ablest writer's, ledchet >,
scientists have served terms in jail
For contempt, allegedly of Congress
really because of their scorn of this
Mob Hysteria.
Justice Douglas and Justice Black
seem to me to think that this Hysterla
has afflicted some of their colleagues
Hundreds Of thousands have watched
through the night on tops of hotels
and other buildings for enemy planes
How they could identify them, or What
thew could do if a fast jet plane came
over, remains a mystery to me.
And ON Yesterday, Jan. 18th, 1855, 9
Committee of the Senate declared every
one Of the eighty that Mccarthy name
and ruined, perfectly loyal good cltl'
zens of the United States.
Question: Even If all SO had pee
Communists (none were), could theS
not have been more decent citizens
than eCarthy?-LOWNDES MAUIA
Butte.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04

81 am anxious to do this job sui
ficientlv well that | will not be the
last woman to be State Democratic
Chairman, and as a woman | do not
want any special treatment" said
the intense, tiny woman, Mrs. Eliza
beth Snyder, who heads the Demo-
cratic State set-up in the state OF
California, at a press conference IN
the Placer Hotel Sunday afternoon.
Questioned about her position ana
woman's place in general IN poiltics
she said that the great disservlce the
Republicans have done to American
Democracy is to create the falacy
that it is ''more socially acceptable
to be a Republican"
81 do not see how working man
can vote Republican" she SAID, or
how the wife of a working man can
vote Republican" and added, there
are people who have a right to vote
Republican such as the coupon CHIP
pers, financiers, ETC." :.
Asked about woman's place IN pom,
tics Mrs. Snyder said she belleVeu
we must do better job with women
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
Atomic Power

meeting of the American Institute
of Electrical Engineers was held re-
Gently in Great Falls, at which Mr..
John l.. Bauer, Engineer for the Gen
eral Electric Co. in charge of the Rocky
Mountain District, gave a lecture on
the subject, Atomic Power and the Cen
Grafton of Electricity. He brought out
number of facts that 1 am sure will
be of general interest. Some of them
We're:
ID General Electric Co. now has
about 10000 employees engaged ex-
clusively in atomic research.
90 Within not more than 10 years,
more probably within years, atomic
power plants will be in competition
with other types of power generation,
including water power.
CD Atomic power plants can be con-
structed right now for an average cost
of about $4,000 per XIV. Coal steam
plants can be constructed as of this
date for an average cost of about
$4,000 per XIV. Water Power plants
are costing the Government $4,000
and up per XIV. Canyon Ferry cost
100000 per Kilowatt of installed power,
for instance
Power can be produced at this time
by coal steam power plants at an aver
age cost of about SO mills per XVIII
1t can be produced at this time by atom
ic power plants at a cost averaging
about CT mills per XVIII.
(4 One ton of Uranium will generate
10000 megawatt days or 10000 XIV
continuously for three years at which
time it will be half exhausted. 1t will
then be capable of generating l5,O0t
XIV continuously for the next three
years and will again be half exhausted
and so on
In the generation of power, uranium
is changed into plutonium which is the
element that goes into the manufacture
of atomic bombs, and not uranium al
most people suppose. At the present
| time the Government will repurchase
| plutonium from power plants for about
the same price they charge for the
uranium. Only as long as they con
tinue to do that will atomic power
plants be feasible.-E. J. PARKINSON
! Great Falls.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
The Readers Forum

Nevada, addressed to me, published in
the PEOPLES VOICE. The natural
conclusion of many Legislators is that
gave Mr.. Hamilton's letter to you for
publication therefore, I must subscribe
to his intentions.
May I make it emphatically clear,
through your publication, to the legis-
lators that I do NOT subscribe to Mr..
Hamilton's theories and that I did NOT
give his letter to you-that he sent
you carbon copy of his letter to me.
Furthermore, may make it clear tina;
neither the Montana Education Assoc
citation nor the executive secretary
subscribes to Mr.. Hamilton's proposals
Sincerely.-D. d. COOPER, Executive
Secretary, Mont. Educ. Assn, Helena
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
Acc 0kays Nebraska
Public Power Group
For Atomic Study

WASHINGTON, D. Guns =
Atomic Energy Commission has APP
proved a nuclear power study Dy
Consumers Public Power DISTRICT Oh
Columbus, Neb. This is the second
public power group permitted to start
work on developing atomic reactors "
turn out electric energy. Inc other
is Tennessee Valley Authority.
Meanwhile, Senator Clinton Z.
Anderson (D-N. M, chairman Oh tne
House-Senate atomic energy commit
tee, said the group would undertahe
a comprehensive inquiry into atomic
energy development. Hearings are
scheduled.
In Chicago, Jerry Voorhis, the 20
operative Leagues executive director
accepted Anderson's invitation TO ap-
pear.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04

LETTERS: No letter over $50
words will be accepted for publca-
t;on All letters must be signed by
writer. although, on request, name
iii he withheld.-P.V. Editor.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04

In French Morocco, a country or
eight million people, there are
only 500 persons who have the
equivalent of high school educa-
tion.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
Biqness in industry
is here 10 sfdy!

Grain marketing is big industry. Each year,
American farmers raise and sell over billion
bushels of wheat and corn, and hundreds of
millions of bushels of flax, oats, soy beans,
rye and other grains. Buying, shipping, stor-
ing and selling this grain requires big and
complex organizations.
A coop serving in this industry must De
big too. To do the job, millions OF farmers
have pooled their resources to own and oper-
ate necessary grain handling facilities from
small country elevators to great terminals.
Through their coop organizations, those
farmers who raise the grain own and control
it from the field to the market. Through this
control they assure themselves OF the best
service and the best price possible.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04
Mr.. Cooper Is Absolutely
Correct

Mr. Harry Billings,
publisher, PEOPLES VOICE
/ was amazed and dismayed to see
the letter from Keith Hamilton OF Eiko'
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-02-04

FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
Opheim, Montana
FIJI. CO-OP DAIRYMEN'S ASSN.
of RayaIIf County, Stevensvfiie
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
stevensville, Montana
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
of Peerless, Montana
POWER FARMERS ELEV. co.
of Power, Montana
FARMERS UNION GRAIN GO.
of Poplar. Montana
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
Roy, Montana
wINIFRED FARMERS OIL co.
winifred, Montana
FARMERS UNION ELEV. & OIL Co
of Pendroy, Montana
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
of Joplin, Montana
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
of Flaxville. Montana
FARMERS UNION COOPERATIVE
Miles City, Montana
EoT1YTY Co-oP ASSN. OF HARLEM
Elevator and Oil Stations at
observation-disclosures
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
of Geyser. Montana
FARMERS UNION OIL COMPANY
Froid, Montana
uAGMAR f. u. TRADING co.
Dagmar. Montana
FARMERS UNION GRAIN co.
Nashua, Montana