Evening star., 1955-11-19

yesterday ana reported 1ulIy u
began last evening and was re
reporting to you. the American
people.
AS I expect most of you know
this Geneva meeting did moi
reach any agreements. AS q re-
suit. many questions are In the
air.
Does this mean that the So
called spirit of Geneva" is deads
Does it mean that the risk Of
war has increased?
VIII the so-called "cold war
be resumed in full vigor?
win the United States nov
have to change basically its mill
tary and mutual security pro-
grams?
End to Negotiation?
Does it mean an end to nego-
tiatil1g with the Soviet Unionf
I shall try to answer all Of
these questions.
First of all. however, I would
like to recall how this latest
Geneva conference came about,
I go back to last spring. Until
then Soviet Russia had beer
pursuing a menacing policy
That was Stalin's line. He be-
lieved 1t was possible to ride
roughshod over the free nations
After Stain died, that effort
continued for a time. The So
viets made intense and bluster-
ing efforts to keep West Ger
many apart from the other
Western European nations. De-
spite this, the Federal Republic
of Germany last May Joined
NATO and the Brussels Treaty
creating Western European
Union.
This Soviet failure was fol-
lowed by a change In the Soviet
demeanor. Stalin's successors
professed. at least specifically,
to desire cooperative relations
with the free nations. And they
made important concessions for
this purpose.
For example. they had for
eight years refused to sign the
treaty which would give Austria
her freedom. But last May they
signed that treaty and pulled the
Red Army out OF Austria.
They made their peace with
Tito. who for seven years had
been the object Of their most
bitter attacks because he had
taken Yugoslavia out Of the
Soviet bloc.
Moderated Propaganda
They moderated their propa-
ganda and their manners.
They made it clear that they
would like to sit down and talk
with the Western nations.
The United States responded.
as it always viii respond, to any
prospect. however slight. Of max
ing peace more just and durable.
That response was backed up
with virtual unanimity and on
q bipartisan basis. So. the, United
States joined with Britain and
France to invite the Soviet lead
ers to the summit" conference
at Geneva.
There President Eisenhower
met for six days with the heads
Of the other three governments.
in an effort to create Q better
atmosphere and q new impulse
toward the solution Of the prob
lens that divide US.
That meeting indicated . de-
sire on all sides to end the bit-
terness and harshness which
could generate war. War. all
recognized, would be . common
disaster.
In addition, the heads Of gov
ernment agreed that their for
eign ministers should get to-
gether In October to negotiate
about European security and the
problem Of Germany, about the
limitation Of armament and
about the reduction of barriers
between the Soviet bloc and the
free world.
Value Recognized
The three Western leaders
recognized that the value Of the
summit" conferences would be
largely determined by subse-
quent results. Thus. President
Eisenhower, In the closing speech
Of the conference. said, Only
history viii tell the true worth
and real values Of our session to-
gether. The follow-through from
this beginning by our respective
governments win be decisive in
the measure of this conference. "
Following the summit" con-
ference the United States. in
cooperation with Britain, France
and the Federal Republic Of Ger
many, prepared thoroughly for
this foreign ministers confer
ence that was to come.
We were fully aware Of the
complexity OF the problems which
we faced. The summit" confer
ence had shown deep differences
on the issues OF German unity
and European security. disarma-
ment and freer contacts. To be
acceptable. solutions Of these
problems must take account Of
legitimate interests on both
sidesespeciaily as to security.
Our preparations for the meet
ing recognized this basic fact.
The Western proposals provided
the basis for real negotiations
with the Soviet Union.
In my initial statement to the
conference. I expressed the
point Of view ] have Just OUT
lined. ''The United States"
said, came ITO this meeting dedi-
Gated to exploring patiently and
sincerely all possible approaches
to realistic solutions Of these
Varot,Iav,An -