davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-11-07
MUTUAL FUNDS

NEW YORK. Nov. z R.-NationaI
Association q securities Dealers. lne.:
Evening star., 1955-11-07
Special Vessel Designed
To Bring Fuel Oil Here

Iandria said they would remain
open. being closed Saturdays.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
ListIess Primary

There was nothing sensational about
the Virginia Democratic primaries, either
during the campaigning or the vote
counting. 1t was rather nstless cam
paign, with candidates and audiences
both apparently bowling to the heat wave
No great issues were settled, either locally
or on a Statewide basis AS was ex-
pected by most seasoned observers, the
incumbents had an easy time of it nearly
everywhere. The dominant Byrd or
ganization remained generally dominant,
although few young Turks" made their
challenges felt here and there. In Alex
andria, for example, Delegate Armlstead
L. Boothe, leader of the VT faction at
the last General Assembly, had no trouble
winning the nomination for State Sen
ator Arlington's and Fairfax County's
incumbents were victorious. Arlington
State Senator Charles r. Fenwick had
no opposition.
The stage was being set yesterday
for more lively election in the fall, when
Republicans plan to make vigorous
drive to unseat Democrats, whatever fac
ton they represent. The g. o. P. has
been encouraged by its show of strength
in recent contests-especially in the last
race for Governor. An interesting inter-
party battle lies ahead.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Mr.. Anderson Resions

President Eisenhower's words Of
commendation and of regret in accepting
the resignation of Robert B. Anderson as
Deputy Secretary of Defense were fully
warranted.
Mr.. Anderson, a native and longtime
resident of Texas, came to Washington
in January, 1853, to accept appointment
as Secretary OF the Navy. He was
member then of the original Eisenhower
team taking over the important respon-
sibility for directing the national military
establishment. The state of world af-
fairs in the intervening 80 months, plus
the impact of domestic political consid-
erations, have combined to make that
overall task one Of the most complex
and controversial Of the problems Of this
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Jersey Joe on Juveniles

Jersey Joe Walcott, former heavy
weight champion of the world, has con-
feSSed to having been bit nervous"
during his appearance before the Senate
Labor subcommittee studying the prob
lem of what is euphemistically called
juvenile delinquency. But he ought not
to have felt that way. For it is doubtful
that any witness on the subject has dis
cussed it more sensibly or more elo-
quently than he has
Mr.. Walcott is the father of six chill
dren Also, since his retirement from the
ring, he has been working in the juvenile
field for the police department of Cam
den, New Jersey. And looking back on
his own life as youngster, and weighing
the experience of his mature years, this
is how he feels, as he has told the
Senators: He feels that the prevention
of teen-age hooliganiSm and crime calls
for mixture of old-fashioned parental
affection and little "strap oiP'-the
kind of love and woodshed discipline that.
he himself received from his mother and
father during those rather long g-ago days
when he was being brought up on "the
wrong side of the tracks,"
In this connection, one Of the key
points stressed by Mr.. Walcott is that
modern-day parents-many Of whom
tend to shirk their duties-need to get
on the ball and teach their children to
"face up to a knowledge of right and
wrong; to make sure that evil will be
punished; that no particular reward
ought to be expected from Just behaving
yourself" And he has gone on to be-
little the idea that evils like poverty
or discrimination are significant or major
generators Of juvenile delinquency. In
his opinion, ut plays part, but again
I say it's up to the Individual. /. If you
have perseverance, faith in God, and
ambition, you can be successful no matter
what minority group you belong to-"
Needless to say, Mr.. Walcott's views
will not be pleasing to those doctrinaire
and somewhat supercilious and thin
skinned "child experts" and progress
sive" psychiatrists who go into a dither
whenever anybody challenges their con-
tentions-such as the contention that
harsh words in infancy or padding in
grammar-school days can so damage a
youngsters psyche that he may embark
(through no fault of his own, poor fell
low!) on an adult career of thievery,
rapine or murder. How refreshing it is,
by way Of contrast, to hear the kind of
common sense that Jersey Joe has
spoken!
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Fun for the Adults, Too

Inc cn1lQren IN not WeaCner, nave
fun throwing cold water on each other
In recent days some of our adults have
become addicted to the same harmless
sport
Representatives Mcmillan and Broy-
hill had fun throwing cold water on Sem
ator Morse and his scheme to revoke the
transit company franchise after riding
Mr.. Wolfson out of town on rail. They
sprayed the Senator with their own
scheme-ioyfully agreed to by Mr.. Wolf
son and his board of directorS-to have
Congress legislate both pay raise and
fare raise that would last four months,
hoping, at the end of that time, that
soAAething else would turn up.
Senator Morse had some fun yester-
day throwing cold water on the McMil-
lan-Broyhill scheme. He doubted that 1t
would work and would have no part Of
it. Mr.. Wolfson, the great utility mag
nate, also threw some cold water on the
proposition that somebody can scare and
punish him and his stockholders by TAX
ing their property away from them. One
gathers that Mr.. Wolfson regards the
prospect of Government seizure-with
just pensation-precisely as Br'er
Rabbit regarded the prospect of being
thrown in the briar patch. AS for the
revocation of the franchise, Mr.. WolfSon
Is perfectly willing to cooperate with
Senator Morse in trying to get somebody
to take it over.
The Public Utilities Commission has
thrown cold water on the company's idea
that the commission grant rate IN
crease that will permit the company to
pay wage increase. The commission
has told the company that it cannot con-
slider new wage costs until the company
has contracted to pay them. The COM
pany has thrown cold water on the
Utilities Commission by declaring that it
cannot pay wage increase until it has
received fare increase. In the mean
time, the Court of Appeals has thrown
cold water on the company and the
Utilities Commission by sending back to
the commission for restudy and report
the commissions fare-raising order of
January, 1854.
All Of this, Of course, is great sport.
But it settles absolutely nothing. The
people themselves are beginning to throw
sold water on the idea that transit
strike can tie the town into knots, by
proving that it does no such thing. Un-
til the union and the management are
given the opportunity to sit down quietly
together and throw some cold facts
instead of cold water-at each other, un-
interrupted by three-ring circuses staged
in their honor, nothing is going to be
settled.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

administration. As Secretary of the Navy
for slightly more than year, Mr.. Ander-
son proved his ability as an effective
administrator-while managing to keep
free Of some Of the less constructive con-
troversies that involved most Of his cabi-
net and subcabinet level associates In
the Pentagon. When Roger NJ Kyes,
former General Motors executive, re-
signed in early 1854 as Deputy Secretary
of Defense, Mr.. Anderson was named to
succeed him. His performance since
then has been in keeping with his earlier
record. The President was paying Mr..
Anderson-a Democrat for Eisenhower"
incidentally-a deserved compliment
when he wrote that "the Nation is deeply
indebted to you for your outstanding
contributions-as are those Of us
throughout the administration who have
had the benefit Of your assistance
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Whose Victory?

Democratic partisans are dancing
jubilantly on the, grave of the Dixon
Yates project. Cancellation of the con-
tract, they say, represents tremendous
victory both for themselves and for
public versus private power And they
profess to believe that the President and
his Republican administration have been
taught a bitter lesson that should be
politically costly to them in 1856. But
Mr.. Eisenhower, on the other hand,
seems quite pleased with the way things
have turned out. At any rate, he is de-
scribed as delighted" and Every happy"
that he has been able to issue the cancel
ing order on the strength Of f1rm assur-
ances that the city of Memphis will
finance and build its own plant.
Actually, according to his supporters,
the President has favored this kind of
arrangement for a long time, and he
would never have started the Dixon
Yates rumpus If the municipal authori-
ties had not dragged their feet in
deciding on such an arrangement. And
so Republican partiSanS not to be out
done by the Democrats, are hailing the
outcome as victory for him. That is to
say, they are hailing it as victory for
his view that operations like those Of
the Tennessee Valley Authority ought not
to be expanded If suitable alternatives
can be found-alternative in keeping
with his partnership" principle under
which new power-development projects.
instead of being undertaken solely by the
Federal Government, should be carried
out by the States, local communities or
private enterprise, wherever feasible. In
all of this to-do, moreover, the Mayor of
Memphis feels that he, too, has won
something very big. Only Mr., Dixon and
Mr.. Yates, apparently, are not filled with
surging sense of triumph.
It may be doubted, however, that
anybody has really scored a decisive
victory in this matter The advocates of
ver-expanding public power may sin
cerely believe otherwise, but it is pre-
dictable that the contest between them
and their opponents will continue for
more than few years to, come, with
neither side winning hands down. It,
seems safe to say also, as far as the 1856
campaign is concerned, that the Dixon
Yates issue will be at best very mori-
bund and unexciting thing at that time
unless Senator Kefauver and his group
succeed-which they have not done so
far-in uncovering some truly startling
or scandalous facts in their current in
vestigation. In short, as Of the present
moment, the situation looks too much
like political draw in too many ways
for either Democrats or Republicans to
claim that they stand triumphant in 1t.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
THIS AND THAT
Rv CHARTS TPATEWEIf

time he was coming downtown,
seated with a friend.
The two Of them were talk
ing about matters in general.
when Jones happened to say
something about an operation.
An eagle-eyed woman across
the aisle Joined in the con-
versation.
No one had asked her to;
but such people never have to
be asked.
They just join in.
With an indignant look at
Templeton Jones, she suddenly
intoned to the bus at large:
They cut a hole in the body,
which is Gods temple"
Temp realized at once that
this was a time to put into
effect the number one rule Of
bus civility:
Never talk back"
Accordingly, he stared
straight ahead. and went on
with his conversation.
X X Il
The lady looked despair
ingly at Jones.
They cut a hole in the
body" she screamed, which
is Gods temple"
Jones wanted to shout,
"Okay, madam. no one is dis
putting you. Have it your way"
But he steadfastly said
nothing, and it was best. for
after glaring fixedly at our
hero for a long time, she
contented herself with one
more remark.
"They cut a hole" she
groaned. Unto the body,
which is the temple Of God"
1t was all Templeton Jones
could do to refrain from say
ing. $50 what?"
Fortunately. he desisted, else
the eagle-eyed one would have
thrown him to the Wolfsons.
Jones smiled to himself as
he recalled another lady. clad
in black, who got aboard a
bus, with an umbrella on q
rainy day.
When she was seated, she
raised the umbrella, and sat
there with a very contented
look.
The roof, she insisted, was
leaking.
The pay-off?
When she got out into the
rain, she closed the umbrella.
This city has all kinds.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

@. Are shrews poisonous
animals?-E. F. H.
A. Most shrews have poison
Gus saliva glands in their
lower jaw but, with one ex-
ception, the poison is so weak
it produces only a slightly
Gripping effect on a mouse.
The bite of the American
short-tailed shrew, however,
may cause death. Shrews are
the worlds smallest mammals.
@. Where is the worlds
farthest north post Officer
M. B.
A. At Alert, the Canadian
United States weather station
on northern Ellesmere Island.
Located within 500 miles of the
North Pole, Alert is the worlds
northernmost land based
weather station.
@. How large is President
Eisenhower's farm at Gettys-
burg? Is 1t on the battlefield?
H. Mem.
A. The farm which the
President acquired in 1850
comprises 189 acres. 1t stands
at the western edge Of Semi
nary Ridge. where Confederate
troops drew up at the end Of
the first day Of the Civil WF
Evening star., 1955-07-13

battle at Gettysburg. The
place actually was within the
Confederate lines, and Pick
ett's charge was launched a
short distance to the north.
@. What Japanese warship
hoisted a signal before a battle
similar to Lord Nelson's famous
signal before Trafalgar
C.P.R.
A. The Mikasa, flagship Of
Admiral Togo in the Russo
Japanese War of 1905. Before
the battle of Tsushima, the
Mikasa, like Nelson's victory,
hoisted a signal that has be-
come historic: "The rise and
fall Of the Japanese Empire
depends on this battle" Now
embedded in concrete at Yo-
kosuka. the warship has be-
come a national shrine Of the
Japanese people.
@. When the earth was
farthest from the sun last
July 4, what was the distance
between the two?-E. w. G.
A. From center to center,
the distance was either 1885,
TOO miles or 94,448, 900 miles
depending on whose estimate is
chosen. because there Ia "a
vet no general agreement.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

The transit strike gave
Templeton Jones a chance to
think back over the odd and
amusing people he had met on
the buses and streetcars.
It was not long ago that he
started home, reasonably we'll
content with himself and the.
world.
A lifelong admirer of hand
some people, Jones smiled to
himself as three small girls
came aboard to go to a pool.
One of the children, about
10 years old. was q blond,
blue eyes and all.
She had such a pleasant
smile that Col. Jones, always
a good hand with the ladies,
regardless of age, smiled back.
Then he heard a vinegar
voice coming from behind him.
"Some men," said the voice,
will smile at anything blond"
Poor Jones!
A large and sweaty lady got
aboard.
She decided to be seated by
Templeton Jones.
Now, he is a perfect model
of a modern major general,
as the old Gilbert and Sullivan
patter song has it.
He seldom gets UP. when
someone squeezes into the
seat behind him. for fear of
hurting their feelings.
This time, he did.
Excuse me. please" he said,
with a pleasant smile, a ghost
Of the one he had given the
small blond.
X + \ II
"He don't wanna sit by me-"
moaned the sweaty lady.
What did Col. Jones say?
Nothing, absolutely nothing.
He long ago found out that
saying nothing is by all odds
the best policy in public places
and on public vehicles.
There is a code of conduct,
for such places.
One rule is never to talk
back.
Just grin. if you can, and
bear it.
Better, just stare straight
ahead, as if you had not heard
a word.
u \ X X
Jones thought back to that
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Mentally Handicapped

A recent radio discussion
from st. Elizabeth's Hospital
by the director and others,
made me even more aware of
the mental health problem in
our Nation. Nevertheless, it
also suggests some questions:
What plans are we making for
the education and care of the
vast army Of mentally handi-
capped children in our cities?
While we do know that in
a democracy there should not
be any difference in the kind
of education, we do realize,
however, there is a need by
these children which must be
met in order that they may
develop wholesome PERSONAL
tiles, or be SO trained that
they can take care of their
own needs, or to become useful
productive citizens in our So
ciety.
While our mentally handi-
capped children fall into many
categories we can. through
meeting their needs, reduce
mental illness.
E. C. williams.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Youth Festival

Lest their efforts go unsung,
let us laud the Area "Y" Com
missioners Youth Council for
a fine job well done. The oc-
casion? The Area "Y" Youth
Festival. From 500 to a 1000
young folks recently enjoyed
an exciting evening at Sousa
Junior High School. 1t was a
four-phase program - some
times all phases going at once
lasted five full hours. And
the admission was a smile.
Boys and girls Of all ages
won prizes, baseball game tick
cts recognition.
These young people roamed
about the booths sponsored by
service organizations, Boy and
Girl Scouts, Brownies, Red
Cross and even the U. S. Navy
Recruiting Service, as well as
displays by leading business
firms. Purposefully, Area "Y"
brought together the young
set and the vast area of inter-
ests open to them-an educa-
tion. in hobbies and services.
What keynoted the success
of the undertaking? Youth
participation. In the games.
in the booths, in the entertain
ment the young folks them
selves, with guidance. staged
their own show. The Commits
sioners Youth Council is
grounded upon the theory that
young folks will respond en-
Enthusiastically to worthwhile
interests if adults will but
show the way.
Evening star., 1955-07-13

capitalism without forcing
compulsory servitude upon
dissident organized labor?
The key is Capital Transit's
franchise. Congress granted
it and must give years notice
to revoke it. With that
franchise Mr.. Wolfson has a
monopoly. Without it he could
>pot thumb his nose at solu-
tfons which do not increase
his plunder.
Without revoking Capital
Transit's franchise, Congress
could destroy Mr.. Wolfson's
highjacking monopoly with
cut a judicial Injunction.
On the basis Of Capital
Transit's nonperformance, let
Congress offer organized labor
8 y franchise to operate a
competing transportation sys-
tenn. Of late. organized labor
groups have taken over bank
ing chains to invest their
rapidly growing reserves and
surpluses. The few millions
Mr.. Wolfson invested would be
peanuts for a modern big labor
union. Given a franchise to
operate a modern transporta-
ton system, a labor union
could accomplish two highly
desirable .-objectiyes: BY de-
priving Mr.. Wolfson of a
labor force to operate his ir-
responsible transit system, he
would be compelled to dis
gorge all usable equipment at
a disciplining discount. And
by becoming employers of the
dissatisfied union workers, Or
ganized labor could demon
strate how socially conscious
capitalism can both serve the
public and preserve all the
equities of social and economic
justice they demand of others.
Thomas E. Mattingly, M. d.
4 y 4 y
The bus and streetcar strike
calls for a bold new fares
policy. Many of the new car
] pools will outlast the present
emergency if no attractive al
tentative is offered. With
present bus and streetcar fares
continued, public patronage
and, hence, Capital Transit
revenue will decline. With
present fares raised, the de-
cline will be even more
marked. This, in turn, will
bring further curtailing of
service. Meanwhile, the new
car pools will add to the exist
ing traffic congestion and
parking problem.
I propose that fares be dras-
tically cut! Capital Transit
policy Of small volume and
high profit is thoroughly dis
credited. Large volume and
small profit is standard policy
of all major American busi-
ness other than public trans
portation. .Halve the fares,
expand and improve the serv-
ice, and Capital Transit rev.
enue may well more than
double. With congestion
checking private and public
transportation alike, with
downtown parking limited and
expensive, and with car pools
being inconvenient in some
ways, the chances are that the
response to cheap and effec-
tive public transportation will
be enthusiastic. \ Capital
Transit. in any event, has
never made the experiment.
The time has come to make it.
Give low fares a chance. High
fares had theirs. and failed.
Ludwig Hamburger.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
NISTAS IN SCIENCE
Columbus Used q 'Globor Chart
By THOMAS r. HEM

Christopher Columbus
popularly supposed to have
originated the idea that the
world was round-actually
had a chart Of the Atlantic
on his first crossing.
Although almost entirely
theoretical, it was not q bad
representation of the West
Indies. Cuba, and the eastern
coast of North America.
This map had been put in
Columbus hands 10 years be-
fore his first voyage by the
Florentine physician and map
maker, Paolo del Toscanelli,
now coming into some recog-
milton as one of the most
brilliant intellects of the 18th
century.
He Proved q Theory
A map showing the actual
journey Of Columbus through
the Bahamas is a feature of
an exhibit just opened by the
Smithsonian Institution. A
copy of the Toscanelli map
forms part of this exhibit. The
historic facts have been un-
covered by DR.. Herbert w.
Krieger, Smithsonian curator
of ethnology and one of the
foremost experts on Colum-
bus voyages.
The idea that the world was
a sphere by no means orig
mated with Columbus. It was
shared by most intelligent per-
sons in the 18th century.
Still 1t was only a theory.
It remained for Columbus to
prove it to the satisfaction of
nearly everybody. Perhaps the
foremost proponent of the
theory was the Florentine
mapmaker, Toscanelli. He tried
in vain to influence the King
of Portugal, then the worlds
foremost seafaring nation. He
constructed laboriously a chart
based on scanty records of the
geography of eastern Asia,
possible rumors of westward
voyages, and his own mathe-
matical deductions - which
were quite wrong-on the size
of the earth.
Toscanelli described to the
Portuguese monarch the great
wealth and glory which would
come to any nation or indi-
vidual first to reach Asia by
sailing westward. He never
Evening star., 1955-07-13

asked for any Of this wealth
himself. although he was D
poor man. He sought only
vindieation Of his theories.
Columbus had the same idea
at about the same time. In
1474 he himself was at LIS
bon, trying to persuade the
Portuguese King to finance q
voyage of discovery. He failed
to make any headway. but was
told about the Toscanelh chart.
He wrote the mapmaker re-
questing q copy. and also any
other information he might
have about lands across the
Atlantic.
ToscanelE replied at once.
The chart he sent Columbus
naturally was far from accu-
rate. The Azores and Canaries
were depicted quite accurately.
Beyond these everything was
guesswork. In the middle Of
the Atlantic he depicted two
legendary islands. st. Brandan
and Antilia. which do not ex-
ist. "Cipango," or Japan, was
in approximately the position
of Cuba.
It is not known whether Co
,luinbus placed much reliance
Z on this map, but he probably
used it In his sales talk to the
Spanish court.
Bahama Tribe Mystery
Another discovery described
by Mr.. Krieger concerns the
rapid, disappearance Of the
Lucayan Indians Of the Ba-
hamas, the first American
aboriginals encountered by
white. men. The record comes
from the Naval Tracts Of Sir
William Monson. prepared at
about the time Of Queen Eliza
beth. in which 1t is stated that
a certain Vasquez de Ayllon, q
resident Of Hispaniola. had
sent two caravels to the island
where Columbus first landed
and found no natives left.
1t is possible that the
islanders had fed in their
large dugouts, capable Of
carrying as many as IS per-
sons, to escape Spanish slave
raids They may have gone as
far as the Florida keys. They
may have found refuge in
Cuba of in the little-known
interior Of Andres Island. It
also is possible. Mr.. Krieger
says, that all had persisted.
Evening star., 1955-07-13
Meadow By Moonlight

Here in the moonlight are
WGDe lengths of
cLoUer-
The troughS OF pale silUer
that glimmer between
Mope soft in the Ddsh from
the bright-stippled sea
lane ...
A summer breeze fashions
from SilDer and green:
Queen Anne's lace, NTH its
odd, pungent fragrance.
The tangled delight OF tDild
honeyshuck hedge
Recall a child's kingdom,
when no hunger
haunted
A heart undcquainted wtth
knife or It's edge.
Mortho Sherwood Johnson.