davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-12

President Eisenhower today
briefed Is congressional leaders
of both parties on the general
character Of discussions" he ex-
poets to take place in the coming
Big -Four summit" conference
at Geneva.
Mr.. Eisenhower also promised
the bipartisan group he and Sec
retary of State Dulles would
make frequent" reports on
progress at the conference and
would supply the leaders with an
appraisal of the accomplish
ments at the end Of the Geneva
meeting.
The leaders met at the White
House with the President and
Mr.. Dulles for nearly two hours.
Included in the group were
the Republican and Democratic
leaders and the chairmen and
ranking members Of the Foreign
Relations, Armed Services and
Appropriations Committees OF
both houses.
informative" Says Russell
Senator Russell, Democrat of
Georgia, chairman Of the Sen
ate Armed Services Committee,
said the meeting was very
agreeable and informative" But
like others who attended the
meeting the Georgian said they
had agreed to leave any elab-
Grafton about the discussions
that took place to the White
House.
Everybody hopes that some
good will come out of the
Geneva conference" commented
House Republican Leader Mar
tin Of Massachusetts,.
House Speaker Rayburn tolc
reporters that the White House
session was "very agreeable" anc
there was no objection to tht
statement which the White
House issued later.
Issues Outlined
He referred to a statement is.
sued by Murray Snyder. Assist
ant White House press secretary
which follows:
THE President invited the bi.
partisan leadership of Congress.
Ito the White House so he anc
the Secretary Of State could give
to the group an explanation o.
1.-THE general character of discus
sions the United States expect!
to take place at the Big Foul
meeting in Geneva.
"'The President and the Sec.
Iretary further discussed the at
Ititudes in which the United
States delegation will approach
the meeting.
They analyZed international
developments of the past few
months bearing on the matters
expected to be considered at the
Evening star., 1955-07-12
RESORT FORECAST

Upper and Lower Bay
Mostly sunny, high tomor-
row in middle 80s, north
east winds 1920 miles per
hour.
Ocean Beaches - Mostly
sunny. high IS tomorrow.
Moderate northeast winds.
South Jersey - Mostly
sunny, high tomorrow around
80
Skyline Drive-Fair with
good visibility, high around
80 tomorrow.
Evening star., 1955-07-12
Mrs. Mestu in MuniIu

MANILA, July IL (P.-Mrs.
Perle Mesta, Washington hostess
and former Ambassador to Lux
embourg, arrived by plane last
night from Hong Kong.
Evening star., 1955-07-12
5.Day Forecast for Washington i

5-Day Forecast for Washington
and vicinity. July 1917.
Temperatures will be near the
normal high Of 86 and low of 68.
Little change but warmer at end
of the week. Little or no precipi-
|tation.
River Report
CFrom U. s. Engineersl
Potomac River cloudy at Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls; Shenandoah cloudy
at Harpers Ferry.
Temperatures for Yesterday
fReadines WASHINGTON National Airportl
Midnight ~ so Noon a3
! am. @---- e Z pm. ------ 80
Record Temperatures This Year
Highest. ~. on July 4.
Lowest, 10, on February B.
High and Low Of Last "a Hours
High. s6, at 4:10 pm.
Low, ~, at $50 am.
Tide Tables
Furnished By United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey
Today. Tomorrow
Low LOW ------- SIS SIS am. am e:5s e55s am. am.
Evening star., 1955-07-12
THE FEDERAL SPOTLIGHT
Bill to Bor Downgrode
Poy Cuts Coins Favor
By JOSEPH YOUNG

Despite Civil Service Commission opposition the bill to
Federal employees against salary cuts of downgradng
appears favorable reception the House Civil
House Civil Service Subcommittee held hearings on the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30

military occupation Of northern Iran.
Later, as Ambassador to Yugoslavia, he
was again in the diplomatic front lines
vis-a-vis Russian designs.
As sovereign power. Egypt has the
unquestioned right to arm itself to what
ever point 1t feels is necessary and from
whatever sources 1t pleases. It would be
naive. however, for the Nasser govern
ment to feel that entering into partner
ship, or even close military-commercial
relationship, with the Soviet Union Is a
perfectly safe venture. The Trojan Horse
technique has served communism well
in other cases and the young men who
are running the Cairo government should
not ignore that record.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
Policing for Peace

Arms inspection would
eventually destroy indi-
yidual freedom, liberty of ac-
ton and free enterprise"
stated Dorothy Thompson's
column of September 26.
Miss Thompson seems to
have . pugnacious attitude.
rather than a sincere desire
for peace. An international
army to control production of
arms and intervene in dis
putes over boundaries, ETC..
would not impose upon us the
Nazi state of which Miss
Thompson speaks. The AZ
States Of this country still have
to a large degree their State
rights. Why cannot the same
be true Of the world?
Very few peace loving
Americans will be willing to
sacrifice their high standard of
living In order to bring peace
to the world. Instead, we
would rather send our boys to
foreign lands to die for what
we call peace. Shakespeare
summed up our attitude for
peace pretty well in these
words: Farewell! Thou art
TOO dear for my possessing"
w. TX. w.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
Trojan Horse Technique
The potentially grave conseql

The potentially grave consequences
~ an out-and-out arms race In the
Middle East-particuIarly with Soviet
Russia as one OF the suppliers-are easily
recognizable In recent months, Israel
md Egypt have been closer to open war
than at any time since their armistice
vas signed in early 1949. An increased
Aow of weapons to either country merely
11ourishes the temptation for new show
down at arms. And to have these weap-
fr1s come from Soviet Russia, or one OF
It's satellites, quite probably accompanied
81 training missions and maintenance
technicians, would be long step toward
fnfilling a historic Russian ambition to
establish its own influence in the Middle
East. This step is close indeed In the
announced deal by which Egypt would
receive ornaments from Czechoslovak1a
IN exchange for cotton and rice.
ss To check this developing situation
nov is not an easy task. Both Secretary
OF State Dulles and British Foreign Sec
rotary Macmillan have expressed their
concern to Russian Foreign Minister
Molotov in New York, but with no imme-
date encouragement that he will inter-
vene even to limit the arms to defensive
tyne weapons. Meanwhile, Egyptian
Foreign Minister Fawzi, while repeating
previous pledge that his country has no
intentions "to attack anyone" has said
nnequivocally that his government will
accept no 'tutorship" on how and where
1t buys its military materiel.
It is against this less-than-hopeful
background that Assistant Secretary OF
State George v. Allen has hurried to the
Middle East for direct consultation with
Premier Nasser Of Egypt, and probably
with representatives of other Arab gov
ernments. Fortunately, Mr.. Allen has
unusual qualifications for the assignment
mot only In his long experience with
Middle East affairs but in the exact prob
lem of opposing Russian designs in that
region For as State Department
spokesman before the United Nations
Security Council and later as our Am
bassador to Iran, Mr.. Allen was instru-
mental In the late 1940s in blocking Rus
sian efforts to continue their wartime
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
WSTAS IN SCIENCE
By THOMAS R. HENRY
Novel Theory Of Evolution

lesser extent the great apes
because their brains are less
developed-ean't sleep all thu
time he Is not eating or play
ing. He Is prevented from do
ing 20 by the uric acid In his
blood, just as some people
can't sleep after drinking q
cup Of strong coffee late at
night. The uric acid con-
stantly is affecting his brain.
He must think, after q FASH
ion. regardless.
Brain Grew With Exercise
Some OF the so-called dis
eases Of civilization" such as
heart and kidney maladies.
actually are uric acid pres
sure diseases, the Massachu-
sets Tech scientist holds.
In the beginning the more
the brain was exercised the
more it grew until an ana
tomical limit was reached. For
some reason this happened to
be higher in one anthropoid
species, homo sapiens. than in
any of his fellows. So that
average man is somewhat more
intelligent--at least he thinks
he is--than the average CHM
panzee or gorilla.
1t is possible. DR.. Orowan
points out, that . single ge-
netic change might have been
responsible for the loss OF the
engine necessary to change
uric acid to aIlantoin. Such
q change, In 80 per cent OF
cases for the worse. might re-
suit from q single hit by Q cos
mic ray or q single alpha par
ticle from an atomic bomb test
explosion. During the past few
months 1t has been stressed
often that inactivation Of a
single engine. among the
thousands or hundreds OF
thousands responsible for
functioning Of the human sys-
tenn, might have very momen-
tous effects on history.
DR.. Orowan believes, how
ever. that there probably were
a series of mutations which
added up to the inability to
synthesize allantoin. Among
the monkeys there is q some
what less ability in this direc-
ton than among mammals
lower in the evolutionary scale.
In any event. he holds. uric
acid is q powerful inhihiter Of
rest-of the desire to fall
asleep in the face Of . dificult
situation. Man and the apes
must find q different solution
for their problems.
Physically mans brain un-
derwent more far-reaching
changes than did the brains
of chinfpanzees or gorillas.
Uric acid forced man to exer-
else his brain, leading to fur
Their development. This prob
ably happened to the apes also.
but they had to start some
what behind and never were
able to catch UP.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
Dog Poisoning Case

Referring to your article on
the wild dog poisoning in your
September 10 issue, I sympa-
thize with those kept awake by
barking dogs: but death from
strychnine, with its convul-
sions, is horrible. Better to put
out water and food and coax
these pitiful waits to come to
you and have the nearest hui
name society call and get them.
Death at an animal shelter
comprizes far. far less suffering
than starvation, thirst, and
victimized breeding.
The real criminals are the
heartless owners who drop pets
on the highway (Which is
against the law) to get rid of
them just before they are due
to have pups, instead of taking
them to some animal rescue
league. Mrs. HI. ID. Albin.
Secretary. Animal Protec-
tive Assn. Inc.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30

@. Are hurricanes the same
type of storms as tornadoes?
w. K.
A. In action hurricanes are
not unlike tornadoes, but their
dimensions are much bigger.
Typically a hurricane covers
more or less. circular area 300
to 500 miles in diameter and
lasts for several days.
@. What are the terminals
OF the National Old Trails
Road?-B. s.
A. This highway runs from
Baltir..re, Md. to Los Angeles,
Calf. It was conceived by
George Washington, as early
as 1880, as q national road to
lead from Washington, D. G.
to Santa Fe. N. Mex, and in
1902 it was financed by act of
Congress. This road, or sec
tions Of 1t, reports the Amer
can Automobile Association,
has been known As the Cum
herland Road, the National
Pike. and the Santa Re Trail,
In addition TO It's present name.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30

Man-And MS COUSINS une
great apss-saay be the chance
result Of . genetic accident
which keeps him slightly In
toxicated most Of the time.
This novel theory Of human
evolution Is advanced In .
communication Just published
In Mature" organ OF the
British Association for the Ad-
yancement Of Science. by DR..
E. Orowan Of Massachusetts,
Tech.
One Of the breakdown prod
ucts Of mammal nutrition. DR..
Orowan points out, Is uric
acid. When 1t piles up in the
blood stream it becomes pol
sonous. All other vertebrates
and insects. except man and
the apes. produce an engine
"A chemical which activates
some chemical reaction In the
body without taking part in
(which changes this uric
acid to . harmless substance,
allantoin. This Is q potent
germ killer and q few years
before the war its use was ad-
vocated in wound healing.
The anthropoid family has
lost the ability to convert uric
acid to allantoin. The acid
must be excreted In some way.
It piles up in the blood to the
point where the load becomes
intolerable before this excre-
ton takes place. Consequently
there is always present the
limit which the system can
tolerate.
Hard Work to Think
Now, DR.. Orowan points out.
uric acid belongs to the same
general chemical family as
caffeine and theme. contained
in coffee and tea. Both are
brain stimulants. Both alleged
" keep people awake.
Thus. DR.. Orowan points
out. those animals which have
lost the ability TO produce
allantoin are under the con-
slant influence Of q powerful
stimulus.
Previous evolutionary theo-
ries OF the origin Of man have
attributed the development OF
the big brain--the most char
acteristic human organic q
long series of small changes
each Of which has been per-
petuated by the law Of the
survival of the fittest. These
physical changes undoubtedly
took place, DR.. Orowan holds.
but they would have been Of
little consequence without some
other factor.
It's hard work to think, he
says. No animal. man in
cluded. thinks without being
pushed to it. Regardless OF
the size and completely Of the
brain, it's much easier to go to
sleep. Most Of the lower ami
mails spend much of their time
In slumber.
But manic . somewhat
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
An-CooIed Justice

Tt is encouraging to learn that the
administrative machinery OF the Feoerh
courts is being modernized to enable the
Judges to spend more time on the lpencns
especially during the summer season.
The main improvement will be the install
lation of air-conditioning equipment In
many districts where, despite huge docket
backlogs, courts have been recessed dur
ing hot weather. Coupled with the an
nounced readiness of Federal prosecutors
to do their share" in reducing the
dockets, even IL it means foregoing va
cations. the prospect of longer court
terms gives hope OF q general judicial
speedup In the months ahead.
Henry P. Chandler, director OF the
Administrative once of the United States
Courts, points out in his annual report,
lust released, that the time Is long past
when the business of the courts can be
disposed of in seasons Of the year when
the weather is pleasant. "At the present
time" he says, "when the business has
greatly expanded, the courts cannot
handle it without working through
considerable part Of the summer. suit
able conditions in the court quarters
during the season for all concerned, the
public as well as the court STATS, are
necessary element in any plan to over
come congestion and delay"
There have been criticisms from
congressional and other quarters from
time to time about the short days and
long vacations Of some Of the judges.
The criticisms have increased in number
as reports of badly congested dockets
continued to be published. Acting At
torney General Rogers recently warned
the Judicial Conference that civil It'll
CATION delays "may become disgrace to
our Nation" He said the United States
Attorneys are willing to work day and
night and to extend their work week
during the summer months In order. to
"help the courts cut down the backlog"
The Judicial Conference, long con-
cerned over the three and four year
delays in civil trials in some jurisdictions,
has asked for additional Judges, besides
better courtroom facilities. But, as MIR.
Chambers report comments, more judges
is not the whole answer to the problem.
II ways can be found to enable present
judges to spend more time In the court
room, the logjam Of cases can be greatly
relieved. The air-conditionipg program
ought to provide an tnducement for
greater efforts. At the least, 1t will elin1i-
nate one Of the chief excuses for keeping
the courtrooms closed In hot weather.
while the cases go on piling up in the
clerks offlces.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
THIS AND THAT
Ry CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

gument. we believe. is q very
prosaic one.
1t is simply this: That CIV
ing a wind a girls name.
means that most recollections
OF a hurricane are content
with the name, when the really
important thing is the date.
Thus, speak Of hurricane
Hazel. ana all it conjures up
Is the little blow of a personal
nature that wrecked o pear
tree or something.
The chances are 100 to I.
we believe, that the recollec-
ton will never speak OF the
year or the month.
Quick, do you know what
month and year hurricane
Hazel was rampanti
Music is a dear thing. a
great civilizer. Some one has
said that there is no sex in
music, and this is true, too.
If a snake charmer's tune
strikes you as evil, 1t is not
because Of the notes, but be-
cause of an evil human
thought that has been read
into them.
Actually. music Is not only
universal, but above all clean.
with the fresh winds that blow
from sounds and noises and
combinations of sounds and
noises.
The human mind lies behind
music. just as it does behind
books. A book sums up what
someone thought, no matter
how good or evil, or indiffer-
ent.
A good piece of music sums
up man aspirations in
sounds.
In other words. music is
what human beings do to it.
and with it. and the same
thing may be said of q book.
At rest. inanimate, it is one
thing; read or played, 1t is
another.
These triumphs of the hui
man mind and heart wait for
us, each one of us, to call them
our own.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
The Teocher Shortage

- There was good cause for the con-
eefted and vigorous Parent-Teacher AS
ISOLATION protests to the Board Of Educa-
tion over the serious teacher shortage
that has become evident here since the
opening Of public schools 1t was short
age that ought to have been anticipated
fAr earlier than one week before classes
were organized. Several reasons have
been given by school officials for their
iinderestimation Of needs, but none Of
them Is satisfactory to parents whose
Children are being subjected to below
standard type Of instruction.
E The shock Of the belated disclosure
that 40 elementary schools were short
one or two teachers as the term began
would have been bad enough under nor
NAL conditions. But the impact was
niagnified because the blow came so soon
after the boards adoption Of policy
aiming at reduction of the pupil-teacher
ratio from SO to So School Superintend-
emit Corning now has informed the board
that about third of the elementary
schools have classes above even the SO
IdGkUs LII auO1tlOA4, HoS VA eA1C SAesaSOo AAcNC
two. grades under one teacher. The par
ent-teacher groups have done q COM
mendable and justif1able job of arousing
the community to the need for prompt
corrective action by school authorities.
Under the pressure of public opinion,
the Board of Education, somewhat pre-
cipitately, has voted to ask the Com
nissioners for an immediate grant Of
emergency funds with which to hire more
teachers. If that move fails, 1t was
suggested that special supplementary
appropriation be sought from Congress
In January. The request was voted with
out first checking with District officials
as to the availability Of any emergency"
funds for school use. At the District
Building there was uncertainty as to
whether any money could be found for
such purpose. In any event. both Dis
trict officials and members of Congress
viii want assurance that every possible
administrative remedy for the teacher
shortage has been taken by school au-
thorities, before any plan for additional
funds is considered. And, meanwhile, the
public will want assurance from the
hoard that responsibility for the school
inbroglio has been placed-and that
steps have been taken to prevent any
recurrence Of this years mixup.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
Summer Gold

This Is the time the boughs
hang IoaD,
BotDed doaDp Nth summers
gold.
The sun bestoUs q kinder
touch
Than Midas did OF old,
For each green globe that basks
beneath
The Uarn light OF his tdpor.
Spells into luscious golden
pulp,
Quite unsurpassed IN fdOor.
And sphen the elem ents
combine
To make the fruit mature.
On eDery golden peach the sun
Jnscribes his signature.
HiIdsserds Walls johnson
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-30
Price Of a Strike

It has occurred to the Board
of Lady Managers Of the Wash
ington Home for Incurables
that your readers may be
interested in an aspect Of the
recent Capital Transit strike
which has been given little at
tention.
This Is the staggering cost
of the transit stoppage to in
stftutions such as the Home,
which In q time Of rising costs.
are already seeing q dangerous
narrowing of the gap between
expenses and funds available.
Such institutions. dependent
as they are on public support
In varying degrees. could i'll
affbrd it--and such costs are,
OF course. an expense to the
public, too.
Interested In trying to meas
Ire this cost, we have put to-
aether some figures and esti-
mates.
Actual expenses. measurable
precisely. came to $918.l2 dur
ing the period from July / to
August 20. These were princi-
pally for the additional use OF
the Homes own station wagon
in transporting nurses and
other. Home personnel to and
from the Home and their own
homes. During that period. our
station wagon covered 3 total
of 1878 miles!
Our best estimate Of man.
hours lost by $50 employees. who
took an average Of an extra
hour each day to get to and
from work, shows that such
lost man-hours cost the Home
about $1,000.
I am sure that other insti-
tutions and most businesses
were harder hit. But no insti-
tuition which is caught in the
present squeeze OF rising costs
can ignore such a heavy loss.
Mrs. Richard r. Mcdonnell
President, Board OF Man
ayers Washington Home
for 1ncurables.