davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Eisenhower Fetes His Aides
And Cabinet at Gettysburg

All Cabinet members were in
vited except Postmaster Gen.
eral Summerfield, who is away
from Washington. Among the
other guests were Vice Presi-
dent Nixon and presidential ad-
wiser Nelson A. Rockefeller.
Picnic tables were set up In
front of the Eisenhowers' $50.
year-old rebuilt farm house and
a small canopy was erected fol
the occasion.
Earlier, the President played
q holes Of golf at the Gettys-
burg Country Club with two old
friends and neighbors. Brig, Gen
Arthur S. Nevins and George
Allen.
Mr.. Eisenhower wore his pink
golfing cap and appeared to en-
Joy the relatively cool weather
He plans to return to Washing
ton tomorrow night or Monday
morning.
Evening star., 1955-07-31
BASKETBALL NOW
BIG WHEEL LATER?

THE SATELLITE RACE - The
United Stotes and Russio hove storted
O roee to get the first tiny satellite
into an orbit Ground the eorth. Lost
weeks developments and the por-
tents for the future ore examined
ond interpreted in the Review Of The
Week, Pose AIS.
ROW OVER INTERNATIONALLY
Iingwood, section Of Chevy Chose,
Nd, finds itself the center OF one
Of the hordest- fought controversies
over q move to "leop-fros" eoIored
children over two school districts TO
put them into q hitherto white public
school. stor stoff Writer chorles [.
Hoffman gives both sides in story
ond picture form on Pose AT.
pARENTHooD WITHOUT HoKUM
Why ore parents ofroid 10 punish,
osks Howord Whitmon in Port s Of
his challenging series. John G. The
ban. executive seeretory Of FomiIy
and Child Services, gives his views
on discipline and Stor readers dis
euss the Whitmon series. All on
Pose A-S.
INSIDE RUssIA-Fother Georges
Bissonstte, Catholic chaplain to the
American community in Moscow for
two years. gives his impression Of
the Soviet in the first Of 10 articles.
See Pose All.
Complete Index. Pose AZ
Rcdio-TV Programs. Pages B-5-7
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Soviet Troops in Austrio
To Leave Before Oct. |
Red Army to Be Reduced A.000
By Discharge of Occupation Force

MOcow. Sunday. July 81
R.-The Soviet Union today
ordered its 1900 occupation
troops Withdraw from Austria by
October / and announced Rus
sian armed forces would be re-
duced by the number.
Defense Minister Marshal
Zhukov in an order Of the day
thus implemented, so far as
Russia was concerned, a Soviet
proposal made at the Big -Four
summit conference in Geneva
This proposal was to demobilize
troops of the four occupation
powers when they are evacuated
from Austria.
The Soviet order came just
four days after the treaty re-
storing Austrian independence
went into effect. It means Aus
tria will be free Of Russian
troops for the first time in more
than 10 years.
The treaty signed May Is BY
Russia. Britain, France and tn,
United States called for with.
drawal Of all occupation troop.
within 80 days after final ratif1.
cation.
The Soviet order therefore
Evening star., 1955-07-31
SATURDAYS DOWNTOWN CROWDS
MEASURE TOEXTEND
DAYLIGHT TIME IN
DISTRICT IS KILLED

A measure to extend day.
light saving time in WASH
ington from the last Sunday
in September to the last
Sunday n'October was killed
yesterday in the House Dis
trict Committee.
A spokesman for the Ma
tional Broadcasting Co.. said
that because New York, Chi
cago and other major cities
win remain on daylight time
during October, it will play
hob with Washington radio
and television stations. which
will be presenting network
programs one hour earlier
than usual during the month
of october.
The bill was killed by
Representative O'Hara, Re-
publican of Minnesota, who
raised a point of order which
prevented the District Com
mittee from voting on the
measure.
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Tighter Mortgage Rules
Hit HomebuiIding Boom

for a $4,000 house. 5000 instead
of $700.
The VA said its most recent
figures show the average price
for GI homes purchased with
no down payment has been about
$10,500. Under the new regula-
tions the down payment re-
quirement for such a house will
be $210.
The study showed that two
out of every five new home
loans, and one out Of every five
loans for existing houses were
made with no down payments.
The reduction In mortgage
repayment time is likely to hit
hardest, since it means an in
crease in the monthly INSTALL
ments.
FILA officials estimated ii
would add about 49 cents a
month for every $1,000 of the
loan. On a $4,000 mortgage, fol
example, the monthly payments
would be increased by $4.90.
Senator Sparkman, Democrat
of Alabama, chairman of a Sem
ate Banking Subcommittee or
Housing, said he regarded the
FILA move as a precautionary
measure" but Representative
league, Democrat of Texas, head
of the House Veterans Affairs
Committee. accused the, admin
Continued on Page Az, Col.
Evening star., 1955-07-31

GETTYSBURG, Pa, July 80
R.-The President and Mrs.
Eisenhower gave picnic supper
tonight for more than so Cab
met members and White House
aides.
The affair, in front of the
Eisenhowers' Gettysburg farm,
served as a farewell party for
retiring Secretary of Health.
Education and Welfare Oveta
Culp Hobby.
Among those invited, along
with Mrs. Hobby, were her sue
cessor, former Under Secretary
of the Treasury Marion B. Fol-
som, and two Assistant Secreta-
ries Of Health, Education and
Welfare-Roswell B. Perkins and
Bradshaw Mintener.
Also on the guest list were
Surgeon General Leonard A.
Scheele, head Of the Public
Health Service, and Mrs. Scheele.
Evening star., 1955-07-31
BY JOHN A. GILES

The likelihood is that Air
Force Secretary Talbot will be
leaving Office within a few days.
This prediction is based on
two factors:
/. Close associates picture Mr.
Talbot as being deeply hurt by
the fact that not a single voice
within the Republican Party
to which he has contributed a
lifetime of effort and money
has been raised in his defense.
2. Members of the White
House staff freely express the
belief that Mr.. Talbot should
relieve President Eisenhower of
the burden of asking for his
resignation.
The Secretary has been un-
der mounting pressure from
Capitol Hill Republicans to pull
out in the face of disclosures
about his outside business activi-
ties and new questions about
how he disposed of stocks when
he went to the Pentagon.
Wilson Keeps Hands OF
But Mr.. Talbot would only
say that he was leaving his fate
up to the President. "I will do
Evening star., 1955-07-31
.Annuities Measure
May See Action in
|Senute Tomorrow

Although the Senate failed to
pass the House bill raising the
annuities of nearly 100000 re-
tired Federal employees last night,
Senate officials said the bill will
be in order for consideration to-
morrow.
1t was laid aside on the rou-
tine call of the calendar last
night because it was one of the
bills the leaders had singled out
for separate consideration.
The bill would. affect more
than $4,000 retired employees in
Washington. AS passed by the
House. it would raise the annui-
ties by IL per cent on the first
81, 500, and 8 per cent on the
amount in excess Of $1.500. For
employees retiring in the future,
the increases would be smaller,
taking into account the fact that
basic salaries on which the an
Inuities are based have been in
creased for those still working
Evening star., 1955-07-31

proposes to beat the deadline by
about . month.
The other three powers al
ready are in the preliminary
process of winding up their mill
tary affairs in Austria.
Marshal Zhukov's order called
for the return Of Soviet soldiers
to the Soviet Union. This indi-
Gated they would not be stationed
on the soil of such Russian allies
as Hungary. Romania or Czech
oslovakia.
1t said the Soviet army would
be reduced by the number OF
troops > being withdrawn from
Austria. There are about 10000
foreign troops in Austria. 44.000
of them Russian.
Marshal Zhukov gave credit
to Allied, as. well as Soviet,
armies for liberating Austria
from the Nazis.
He also went far af1eld from
Austrian affairs and referred
to coming United States-Chi
nese talks at Geneva.
He said these negotiations
should "also make easier further
discussions and settlements Of
certain other political questions
that are now the subject or ar
guments between both Sides"
Evening star., 1955-07-31
PorterfieId Blanks
Sox to Turn Race
Into 3-Teum SnurI

Bob Porterfleld pitched WASH
ington to a 10 victory over Chi
cago yesterday to help throw
the American League pennant
race into a virtual three-way tie,
Even though the White Sox
lost, they maintained a skinny
lead of 2 percentage points over
the Yankees and Indians. The
Yankees were thumped by the
upstart Kansas City Athletics,
1922, their worst defeat this year,
while Cleveland tied the New
Workers with q TO win over
Baltimore.
Herb Score, the Indians rookie
pitcher, held the Orioles to one
hit. Score struck out 10, boost
ing his total to 1874, tops in the
major leagues.
"Details In Sports Section.)
Evening star., 1955-07-31
By MIRIAM OTTENBERG

The House e-passed bill to give
| the public as much protection
as the accused in criminal cases
Involving insanity as a defense
passed the Senate yesterday and
was headed for the White House.
The Senate action was
promptly hailed by Commits
sioner Samuel spencer and
United States Attorney Leo A
Rover as an important contri-
button to the administration OF
Justice here.
DR.. Winfred Overholser, super
lintendent of st. Elizabeths Hos
pital, said the changes In the
law were much needed to clarity
the situation. He predicted the
measure would discourage phony
claims Of insanity.
Legal Loopholes Plugged
The measure makes m ajor
changes in District laws cover
ling the entire period from the
time q defendant requests q
mental examination until he is
released from a mental hospital
as sane and no longer a danger
/ to himself and others. \
It is designed to plug the
Iloopholes in the law through
which defendants, feigning in
sanity, could escape punishment
and go free to prey on the
public again.
The changes were recon-
mended by a special subcom-
mittee of the District Council
on Law Enforcement after a
seyen-month investigation of
present laws and how they were
affected by a series Of decisions
of the u. S. Court Of Appeals
for the District of Columbia.
Mr.. Rover said the measure
will aid materially in the prop
er administration of justice.
"This is one of the finest
things that has ever been done
for law enforcement here" Mr..
Rover declared. cit properly pro-
tets the public as well as the
accused"
1.-THE more we studied the
court decisions in recent cases,
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Lack Of G. o. P. Support
Seen Forcing ToIbott Out

whatever the President wishes
me to do" he said.
His Pentagon superior, De-
fense Secretary Wilson, who was
said to have been startled and
surprised" when he first read in
the newspapers that the Senate
Investigations Subcommittee was
questioning the Air Secretary,
was keeping hands of.
Mr.. Talbot, unlike virtually
every other Defense Department
official, was selected for the post
by the White House. Mr.. Wilson
has picked the others.
Mr.. Talbot is a personal
friend and frequent bridge part
ner of the President.
His high connections. how
ever do not appear to have
helped the Secretary much in
his current trouble.
Support Is Missing
1.-The fact that no one is
speaking in his favor is the
thing that hurts him most and
will have a bearing on his future
actions" a source close to Mr..
Talbot told The Star.
This official continued:
"He feels strongly about three
See TALBOT, Page Al
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Senate Votes Bill to Halt
Phony Insanity Defense
Measure to Plug Loopholes in Law
Goes Next to White House for Okuy

the more we realized that legis-
lation was needed. We were
licked in the courthouse.
"The Star is to be highly
commended and congratulated
for its invaluable assistance in
bringing a dangerous situation
to the attention of the public
and in conveying that informa-
ton to members of Congress. 1t
was largely due to The Star that
the bill was passed" .~
Mr.. Rover also commended
George L. Hart, jr., chairman of
the law enforcement councils
special subcommittee, "for his
very objective and scientific ap-
proach to the problem"
DR.. Overholser also praised
both The Star and Mr.. Hart
Court Barred Psychiatrists
The hospital superintendent
said in his opinion the most i'm
portant provision Of the meas
ure is the one allowing psychi-
artists to testify where the de-
fendant raises the issue of SAN
|ity. Under an appellate court
decision last March, the Gov
Iernment could not present psy-
chiatric testimony to rebut in
sanity claims on the ground that
this would be a violation of the
confidential relationship be-
tween doctors and patients.
DR.. Overholser also hailed the
provision making commitment
to a mental hospital automatic
for any defendant acquitted on
grounds of insanity. At present,
the Judge can but does not have
to commit a defendant.
IF it's matter Of certainty
instead of a gamble-that when
a defendant pleads insanity and
gets acquitted, he will be COM
mitted to a mental hospital for
an indefinite period" DR.. Over
holser said, "It will discourage
claims of insanity that are not
genuine"
New Release Procedure
The measure also tightens re-
lease procedure. Instead Of re-
lease solely at the discretion OF
the hospital superintendent. the
release is recommended by the
hospital superintendent and
passed on by the court. The
prosecutor also is notified and
can ask for a hearing before the
court decides a defendant is safe
to be at large. l..
There are also provisions in
the bill requiring the defendant
to show some evidence of men,
tai unfitness before a mental
examination is granted. These
examinations will be made in a
hospital instead Of the jail. The
new rules streamline the proce-
dure for bringing the defendant
to trial after he is found men
tally At and set up system for
conditional release from the
mental hospital where the court
believes further supervision is
necessary.
Senator Morse, Democrat of
Oregon. who headed the Senate
District judiciary subcommittee
on the measure and piloted 1t
through the Senate. explained
the provisions before the meas
ure was approved.
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Israel Drops Visu

NEW YORK, July 80 R.-
The Israeli tourist office has an
nounced that United States citi-
zens now may visit Israel with
out a visa. It said the step was
taken to encourage tourists to
visit the Holy Land.
Evening star., 1955-07-31

New FLA Rules. Poge As
ministration announced these
changes, effective Immediately:
!. The maximum repayment
period for home loan mortgages
is reduced from 80 to Is years.
2. The minimum cash down
payment is increased by 2 per
cent (from nothing to 2 per cent
in the case of GI loans).
Higher Down Payment
On FHA-insured loans, the
action means a down payment
of 7 per cent will be required on
the first $4,000 of appraised
value. plus 81 per cent of the
balance. For the past year, the
minimum had been 5 per cent
of the first $4,000 and Is per
cent of the remainder.
For a home costing $4,000.
this means down payment of
So, 500 instead of $4,000; for one
costing $4,000 the cash required
lis $2,250 instead of $3.50, and
Evening star., 1955-07-31


1888 pm. and will meet tomor-
row at 10 am. The Senate drag
ged on until 10:45 pm. and win
meet at IL am.
Meanwhile, in q committee
room midway between both
chambers, the conferees on the
housing bill fought until q little
before midnight over the con-
troversial issue Of whether to
continue or wind up the public
housing program. The outcome:
Istalemate.
The Senate, which had voted
to build $4,000 public housing
units each year for four years,
offered to compromise on $4,000
units for one year.
Resume Talks Tomorrow
The House. which had no pub
Ilic housing units in its bill,
offered to take $4,000 units q
year for two years.
But neither group Of con-
Iferees was willing to accept the
offer of the other. Negotiations
will be resumed sometime TO-
morrow.
While the public housing dis
pute goes on, the FILA program
|of assistance to private housing
lis in danger of lapsing. Some
features of the FILA program ex-
pire tonight. The insurance of
mortgages on new homes will be
able to continue for only about
six week if the new housing bill
fails to pass.
SBA's Fate Undecided
Two other important Govern
|ment functions are dependent
lon bills caught in the adjourn
|ment log jam. They are the
Defense Production Act and the
Small Business Administration,
both of which expire tonight.
Another set Of conferees will
meet tomorrow on a new de-
lfense production bill, but the
House has not yet passed a Sem
ate bill to extend the Small
Business Administration.
House Democratic Leader Nc.
Cormack promised action tomor'
row on extension Of the life O.
SBA and on a Senate bill to hell
the States to carry on the polit
vaccine program.
/ During a long and tedious Sat
urday session Senate leaders KEEP
hoping it might be possible tt
Iring down the curtain by mid
night.
| Leaders Immediately set Mon.
day night as a new target fol
adjourning, but some old-timeri
predicted that once the two
branches start a new week, they
may go several days as indi.
vidual members try again to gel
pet measures passed.
The House last night passed
and sent to the Senate the ex.
ecutive pay increase bill, which
boosts the salaries of the cabinet
and about 290 other top-leve
government officials. This is one
of the bills the administration
wants put through before ad.
| journment.
i The House also passed yester.
day a two-year extension of the
Defense Production Act, which
is essential to enable the Presi.
dent to grant priorities and te
allocate scarce materials for tht
defense program.
1 Before passing the bill, the
House defeated a Democratic
proposal to bar dollar-a-yeal
men from government service
but approved a provision gen.
erally limiting them to advisory
roles.
Provisions of Pay Bill
The Executive Pay bill, which
still requires Senate action
raises the cabinet members from
$22,500 to $25,000. It raises {
number of other officials, in
cluding the Controller Genera
and the Budget Director from
I$17,5o0 to $22.500, and the Sec
i Sea CONGRESS paye A..
Evening star., 1955-07-31
BY the Associated Press

The Government applied the
brakes gently to the homebuild-
ing boom yesterday, announcing
somewhat tighter terms in mort
cages it guarantees.
The Veterans. Administration
and the Federal Housing Ad-
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Congress Fails
To End Session.;
Periled
Conferees Unoble
To Solve Deadlock
On FHA Program

House and Senate conferees
broke UP in q deadlock over
public housing shortly before
midnight as Congress failed to
make its Saturday night ad-
journment goal. .
After q long and tedious day,
which saw the passage Of several
major and scores Of minor bills,
both houses arranged to convene
tomorrow. The House recessed at
Evening star., 1955-07-31

Money end Politics. stoIl Rood Pro-
qrom. Pase A-3
How President Scored With the Seth
Congress. Poss Az
Evening star., 1955-07-31

conference aICer Cne house acts
on its version tomorrow.
The Senate, after two and a
half hours of debate, passed by
voice last night a measure to
revoke the Capital Transit Co.
Deteiis Of Senate Debote on Morse
Tronsit Bill. Poee AS
franchise after a year and eri-
power the District Commis-
sioners either to seize the COM
pany or to make other arrange
ments for mass transportation.
A short time earlier, the House
District Committee unanimously
approved a voluntary" transit
bill authorizing-but not forcing
the Commissioners and the
company to enter into a one
year agreement to get bus ana
streetcar wheels rolling.
Last minute Rush
Congressional leaders were
racing against final adjournment.
to give the Commissioners power
to handle the situation before
the legislators go home.
House Majority Leader Nc
Cormack listed the transit bill
among measures to 60 to the
House floor tomorrow, and added
that Sin my personal opinion.
would be mistake if we were
to adjourn without something
being done from the legislative
angle"
The House bill is expected to
meet little opposition when 1t
gets to the floor.
There was sharp debate be-
fore the Senate action. Several
who spoke in opposition said
they would vote for the bill any
way, since they did not want to
Igo away from Washington with
Iout leaving the Commissioners
with authority to act in the
emergency.
When the vote came, there was
Ia heavy chorus in approval, and
only q scattering of mays"
In addition to lifting the fran
chise, the Senate bill gives the
Commissioners power to seize
the transit company or to ar
range with it or with another
Organization to furnish bus serv-
ice here.
Sharp Debate Likely
House sources predicted that
the normal procedure for reach
ing a conference on the conflict
ing measures would be passed
sice adjournment is so near.
Instead Of sending the re-
spective bills to the District
committees in each body, these
sources said, the House probably
would vote to strike all of the
Senate bill except its number.
substitute the House bill, and
send that back to the Senate as
amendments" Conferees then
could be appointed at once. De-
bate between the conferees Is
expected to be vigorous.
Basis for the House measure
was an offer last Thursday by
the transit company board Of
directors, proposing voluntary
yielding of the franchise after
one year and operation of the
transit system by the company
under control of the Commits
sioners during that period.
E. C. Giddings, Capital Trans
1t vice president, said last night
that the final bill contains "a
few things with which we are
not in accord" d"-points he said
were taken from the Commits
Continued on Page AS, Col. 6
Evening star., 1955-07-31

See CONGRESS, Page Az
Evening star., 1955-07-31

Washington Home Builders Denounce
New FHA Rules. Pose As
Evening star., 1955-07-31
Differing Transit Bills
Pushed in 2 Houses
Final Version
To Be Left to
Conferees

Two sharply conflicting bills
designed to end the month-long
transit strike here apparently
viii have to be thrashed out in
conference after the House acts
on its version tomorrow.
The Senate, after two and a
half hours of debate, passed by
voice last night a measure to
revoke the Capital Transit Co.
Deteiis Of Senate Debote on Morse
Evening star., 1955-07-31
WHAT AIRCRAFT SEE

The Star new . photo mission with
the Air Force and came up with amaz-
ingly detailed information about South
east Washington house. Read the story on
Page AT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-10-11
Pentogon Denies Charge
Of Misleading Reports

|cIfic request from Senator Full
bright. Democrat Of Arkansas.
Senator Fulbright. the state
|ment said, expressed 3 particu-
lar interest in contracts awarded
during the 10 months ending
December 81, 1854. To meet this
request, it said, the department
listed the 100 top contractors
according to net value Of mill.
tary prime contract awards"
during that period.
The Pentagon statement said
Senator Fulbright was told al
the time that General Motors
for example, undoubtedly is still
one Of the largest suppliers OF
military equipment. /" The auto
firm and some other large COM
panies were not on the list. the
TPentagon said, because cancella-
tions and termination Of con-
tracts partly or wholly Offset
new business awarded them"
This information on offsettinG
developments. yesterdays state
ment said, was significant
and appropriate" for Senator
Fulbright because the Senate
Banking Committee which he
heads was then studying the
stock market.