davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montana farmer-stockman., 1955-07-01
ZS1z0555 lit EezJlz71A

or ranches may be helped indirectly by the
social security program. A considerable
number of older farmers who plan to retire
are holding onto their farms for the period
necessary to qualify for social security benz
efits Some of these farmers will be fully
qualified by the last half of 1856. More
farms will become available for purchase
about that time. In the meantime the mar
ket may be tighter than usual With the
social security plan in effect, more farmers
will retire at sixty-five than in the past. All
this may give younger men more opportuni-
ties to acquire ownership early in life But
it still costs lot more money than it used
to for young man to start in the farming
or ranching business.
Agriculture still produces more than half
of all raw materials used in the United
States Employment for about two-fifths of
all the employed workers in the country is
still dependent on this basic industry About
ten million workers are employed in mar
keting farm products. Six million work in
plants producing equipment and supplies
for farmers and ranchers. Unless farming
and ranching is kept on profitable basis,
the economy of the whole country will suf-
fer.
Are your gasoline storage tanks stand
ing out in the hot sun? If they are you may
lose as much as ten per cent by evaporation
loss during the summer months. Tests have
shown that fully half this loss can be pre-
vented by moving your storage tanks to
shady place or by arranging shade for them.
Some irrigation farmers are still over
diversifying If you have so many crop and
livestock projects on your place that you
can't handle them efficiently, it will be wise
to eliminate some of those you like the least,
or make the least money on, and specialize
on the others. Many irrigation farmers have
found that they can make more money with
less effort in this way.
1t is best to get the terms of farm leases
down in writing There are too many pos
sibilities for misunderstanding e tw n
landlord and tenant under verbal agree
ments.
Soil can now be rebuilt in as little as five
years under certain conditions. But it is still
far more economical to conserve soil than
IN rebuild it.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24
Top-Dress Pastures
In Dormant Season

Top-dressing pastures pays
and about March / is a good time
to do it, says Claude e. Phillips,
head of the agronomy department
at the University of Delaware.
Pasture plants are dormant dur
ing the winter and are not as
susceptible to burning that often
occurs when fertilizer is applied
to top-dress pastures when other
work on the farm is at low ebb.
Extremely dry weather has
damaged many pastures in Della
ware. In order to recover, these
pastures must have enough plant
food. If the damage has been Sc
we're, it may be advisable to plow
up the old sod and do complete
reseeding job. Many pastures,
however, can recover with the use
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

job and the right to exercise con-
troll over the ways and means of
doing it. The right is usually ev-
idenced by such things as having
final authority to hire and fire the
labor force; establish the rate of
pay and compensate laborers from
his own funds; sub-contract any
or all of the work to another;
furnish all or part of the equip
ment necessary for completing the
harvesting operation; and his
compensation is so arranged that
he stands to make a profit or suf-
fer a loss. The intermediary may
receive a fiat fee for the entire
job, a commission, or a percent
age of the harvest. In this type
of situation, the Intermediary is an
independent contractor since he
would not be subject to control
over the manner and means of
completing the harvest and be-
cause he would have an opportun-
ity to make a profit or suffer a
loss. Also, the Intermediary is
the employer of the labor force.
"As a general rule, custom con-
tractors, wholesale assemblers and
food professors take over the en-
tire job and thus are independent
contractors. They would be the
employers of the labor force"
The above information should
cover most situations in Kent
County. Further questions can be
discussed with Mr.. Harry Franfz,
local representative of the Social
Security Office or with George
Vapaa, County Agricultural Agent.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

laborers in the performance of
their work:
(a) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Of
Farm Operator. = Most intermed-
iaries, other than custom contrac-
tors, farm cooperatives. grower
associations, canneries, wholesale
assemblers and food professors,
are employees of the farm oper-
ator, acting for or on his behalf.
They are usually considered en-
ployees of the farm operator be-
cause he reserves to himself the
right to control them as well as
the labor force not only as to
what should be done but how it
shall be done. This right is US
ually evidenced by the farm oper-
ator having final authoity to set
the time and order of harvesting;
establish rate of pay of the labor
ers; terminate their employment
as well as the services of the in
termediary at any time without
future liability; determine the
hours of work; move the laborers
from one field to another. This
employer employee relationship
between the farm operator and
the intermediary exists even
though the arrangement provides
the the intermediary to exercise,
for the farm operator, some or all
the elements of supervision over
the laborers, including the dis
tribution for the farm operator of
the payment of remuneration to
the laborers for their services.
'In this situation, the intermed-
iaries as well as the individuals
comprising the labor force are
employees of the farm operator.
(b) Intermediary Independent
Contractor. The intermediary is
an independent contractor and he
is the employer Of the farm labor
ers where he has full responsible
ity for completing the contracted
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

Of fertilizer and proper grazing
management.
Generally, tall grass-ladino clov-
er pastures win need 400 to 800
pounds of 5-10-10( 4-12-12, 4-14-14
or equivalent, depending on past
pertilizer practices and the
amount of clover in the stand.
Phillips says more nitrogen
than usual is being recommended
this year because dry weather
has reduced the amount of nitrog-
en- generally fixed by legumes.
Have your pasture soils tested
to find out if lime is needed and
also the level of phosphate and
potash in the soil. If lime is
needed, apply enough to raise the
PHI to between 60 to 6.5.
For additional information con-
tact your county agent.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24
Cold Winter Crack-Ups
Include Tree Trunks

Your favorite weather forecas-
ter may be a believer in COM
ing cycle of warmer temperatures
and he may well be right. But
in 50 far as this winter is con-
cerned you can't fool a tree ac-
cording TO o. S. Slmpkins, field
representative of the Davey Tree
Expert Company who freely does
some predicting of his own and
states that an abnormal amount
of winter injury can be expected
on semi-hardy trees. Frost cracks
on tree trunks are running far
above average and are sure evil
dence of cold winter in most Sec
tions.
Under conditions of extreme
temperature variations Jack Frost
can split trees of all sizes. Often
he prefers to demonstrate his
strength on the large ones.
The damage occurs when tenn
peratures drop rapidly causing
the outer layers of wood to con-
tract much faster than the more
protected inner layers. The re-
sulting tension causes the wood
tissues to break-often with a
sharp report.
Evergreens seldom fall victim
to this trouble. Among the species
more commonly damaged are the
Norway and Schwedler naples,
the sugar naples, sycamore, lin
den, horsechestnut and some of
the oaks.
When temperatures are zero or
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24
WITHHOLDING
S. S. TAXES
Question of Responsibility for
Withholding Tax Regard
ing Migrant Help
STATEMENT FURNISHED

At the potato growers meeting
on February 10th, the question of
responsibility for withholding So
cial security taxes was brought up
particularly as regards migrant
help working under a crew lead
er with whom the farmer deals.
The following statement has been
furnished by Mr.. Myron Milbouer,
District Manager for the Social
Security Administration in Will
mington: Some general guides
have been developed to identify
who is the employer as between
the farm operator and the individ-
ual organization that brings them
on the farm to work in situations
involving crews of nonresident,
migratory laborers. "Where the
farm operator recruits his own
laborers, there is not much ques-
tion but that he is the employer.
This is also true where the SER
vices of an Intermediary are linn
tied to the recruitment of farm
labor. Of course, the basic rule
to follow in determining who is
the employer revolves around the
right to exercise control over in
dividuals comprising the labor
force as to the time, place, man
ner, and means of performing the
services. Certain criteria have
been designed to help identify the
individual who exercises or re-
serves the right to control the
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24
Home Gardeners Short Course
March l at Univ. of Delaware

Home Gardeners Short Course
March l at Univ. of Delaware
The annual Home Gardeners
Short Course will be held March 1
in Agricultural Hall at the Uni
versity of Delaware. This years
concentrated one day and evening
program features speakers from
the University and other experts
in the field.
The morning session which
starts at 1000 am. will deal
largely with the selection and
care of trees and shrubs for the
home grounds. Topics for the
morning session include "Care of
Hurricane Damaged Trees by e.
G. Rex, New Jersey State Depart
ment of Agriculture. Robert Tay-
lor of Styer's Nurseries, Concord
vile, Pa, will speak on the topic
Choosing Shrubs for Various
Effects. c. w. Dunham of the
University of Delaware will dis
cuss 'How to Prune Shrubs"
The afternoon session VIII be
on topics concerning house plants.
George Jack, Winterthur Farms,
Delaware will give Simple Rules
for Success with House Plants"
Starting Plans Indoors from
Seeds and Cuttings" is the topic
to be discussed by Fred Armand,
Farm Manager of Renappi Corpo-
ration. Mrs. G. E. DeCoursey of
'Paoli, Pa, will talk on "Care of
Begonias and Other Favorite
House Plants" Plenty of time
will be allowed in all sessions for
a question and answer period.
The evening session starting at
500 pm. will be of great bene-
fit to those who are interested in
starting a home ground develop
ment plan. The program will in
clude such important subjects as
Choosing and Planting Trees"
Making a Poor Soil Better" and
Using Flowers to Brighten up
the Yard" r. F. Stevens, G. E.
Phillips and c. w. Dunham all of
the University will be the speak
ers at this session.
Everyone is welcome to attend
any or all sessions. Further in
formation on the program may be
secured from the Agricultural
Short Course Office, Box $50, Uni
versity of Delaware.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

below, the damage is most obvi-
GUS. Longitudinal cracks appear
usually on the south and west
sides of trunks. These extend in
to the heartwood and may be an
inch or more wide at the surface.
With rising temperatures they
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

close tightly.
Little can be done to prevent
this type of injury, but fortunate
ly many of the openings close
nicely if the ragged bark edges
are trimmed back. Cracks once
started are likely to reopen dur
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

ing succeeding winters. Occasion
ally special treatment including
surgery may be advisable.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

Lovely flowers are the smiles of
Gods goodness.-William Wilber-
force.
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

As active Farm Bureau member this your cnceayear
opportunity obtain Blue CrossBue Shield coverage at low
group rates With this coverage you
protect and improve your famys health and the
budgeted in quarterly nstalments Blue CrossBlue
Shield is, Delawares avorie health insurance plan
community sponsored and nonproh Along with ohirds Of
all the citizens Of Delaware 37S Of your embsrs and their
families enrolled in Blue CrossBlus Shield There is
for this overwhelming acceptance Blue CrossBue
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

Mr.. james H. Baxter, Jr., of
Georgetown, president of the Della
ware Farm Bureau. says. "This is
one Of the best opportunities farm
people have for getting into Blue
Cross. This hospital-surgical-medical
protection is something every family
needs and farm people ought TO get
il while they have chance. I'm
sold on il"
Smyrna times., 1955-02-24

Shield gives the most for your money Of all funds received
900 used pay members hospital and surgical bills No
other health insurance plan approaches such record
low operating costs and high benefit return TO members So
during this special enday period welcome the member Of
board Of drecos* and the Blue Cross representative
when they to your home Enroll your family Blue
CrossBue Shield is the finest health protection your
money can buyl
Evening star., 1955-10-30
GOING LIKE SIXTY
Macarthur
On Aging

Here are extracts from o mes
sage over Gen. MacArthur's
desk:
Nobody grows old BY merely
living q number Of years. People
grow old only by deserting their
ideals. Years wrinkle the skin
but to give up enthusiasm wrin-
kles the soul. Worry. doubt. self
distrust. fear and despair, these
are the long. long years that bow
the head and turn the growing
spirit back to dust.
Weather you are 10 or 16 there
Is In the heart Of every human
being the unfailing childlike ap-
petite for what is coming next.
You are as young as your
faith and as old as your doubt.
rs young as your self confidence
and as old as your fear. as young
as your hope and as old as your
despair"
Prepared BY the Committee on tht
Asin, United Community 0eryices1
Evening star., 1955-10-30

Is Their expulsion resulted In Z
decree Of accommodation by
the Vatican against President
Juan d. Peron and all other
Catholics who had O hand in the
custer action.
About $4,000 persons turned
out for q Mass and Te Deum In
the Buenos Aires Cathedral to
welcome back the prelates. The
congregation included Sonora
Mercedes villada Achaval de
Lonardi. wife Of the president.
top government ofiicials and MEM
bers Of the Roman Catholic hier-
archy headed BY Santiago Luis
Cardinal Copello. Archbishop Of
Buenos Aires.
LAWS Repealed
Observers described the recep-
ton rendered the two churchmep
Is the greatest public manifess
tation Of faith and loyalty to
the Church seen In Buenos Aires
since the international Eucha-
ristic Congress there u years
ago.
The return Of the prelates
marked the repeal. with two not
able exceptions. Of al major
laws issued by the Peron regime
against the Church.
One exception Is the Law
passed by the Peronista Con-
sress calling for q national ref
erendum on ending the status
Of Catholicism as the ofncial
religion Of Argentina.
The other Is the law abolish
ing Catholie religious instruc-
tion in pubic schools.
The referendum was approved
Evening star., 1955-10-30

by Congress last May. At that
time II enacted legislation pro-
viding for the election Of Q con-
stitutional convention to make
g partial reform Of the consti-
tuition in I'll matters connected
with relations between Church
and State.
Under that measure, the elec-
tion to choose representatives for
the constitutional convention
was to be held within lS0 days
after its enactment or before
the end Of November.
Voted . Postpone
However. In August Congress
voted to postpone the referen-
dunn for six months. Members Of
the Pssonista majority claimed
then that postjunement would
contribute to political pacifica-
ton" In September. deposed
President peron signed the post-
ponement legislation and it be-
came law.
Roman Catholic circles in
Buenos Aires predict that the
referendum win not be held next
year.
sT.,,n Y,nro,.,s, aa,,.r,,r..,.A ~.
not yet indicated its intentions
with regard 70 the referendum.
However. President Lonardi has
stated on several occasions that
he would like to conclude d con-
cordat with the Vatican reguiat-
ing relations between Church
and State.
At the same time Gen. Lonar-
d has promised respect and "
berty for all faiths.
Evening star., 1955-10-30
Three Lens Types Built
To Resist Breukino

CHICAGo.-one type Of im-
pact-resistant eyeglass lens Is
hardened by heating and chilli
ing with an air blast under rigid
temperature controls. This lens
must not break in g test In which
q -inch-diameter steel ball Is
dropped from . height Of 80
inches on Its front surface.
Another type d heated and
cooled under special stress: 1t
must remain intact when q -
inch-diameter steel bali falls on
it from . height Of 50 inches.
It's five times Is resistant 10
hreakage as the average lens
when dropped.
A third kind is laminated.
like the glass In Q car windshield.
Evening star., 1955-10-30
THE WEEK IN RELIGION
Peron-E ExiIed PreIotes
Hailed Upon Return

Two Argentine prelates exiled by the Ousted Peron
regime received tumultuous welcome last week fol-
lowing their return TO Buenos Aires.
Auxiliary Bishop Manuel Tato, vicar general Of
the Buenos Aires Archdiocese and MSgr Ramon Novoa,
were dismissed from their posts and expelled last June
Evening star., 1955-07-24

Shun wrinkles! Eosy to iron!
Shrinkoge-C Controlled! Color-fast
Thru Woshings!
Four Round-the- Clock styles!
A. Double Breasted Classic in tur-
quoise, blue or red plaids, 1920,
14h-24k.
B. Plaid m White Trimmed Coat
Dress in blue, red and green
plaids, 1920, 14k-24k.
C. Piped Neckline, Platter Buttons
in blue, red or green tartans,
1920, 14h-24k.
D. Cardigan Coat Dress in rage
hit black watch, 1920, 14h-
24k.
Evening star., 1955-07-24

Daytime Dresses, 3rd Floor, Washington:
End Floor, Situer Spring and PARKtngton
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

SPRAYING SYSTEMS co. announces
a new sprayer designed for washing
cows udders prior to attaching the
milking machine, plus other agricul-
tural spray uses. The washer can be
operated with one hand and consists of
Trigger TeeJet with garden hose
connection, a curved adaptor and Tee
Jet nozzle with cone spray tip. The
TeeJet Washer is made entirely of
brass.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT Mfg. Co.
announces a new Tractorkab. It's con-
structed of aluminium and steel, with
the top and side panels insulated against
noise and vibration The inside dimen-
sions are approximately Az inches long
by 43 inches wide, giving adequate
shoulder and elbow room and room
for tools and fuel cans Bus-type slid
ing windows are made of shatterproof
glass mounted in felt channels. The
Kab provides full vision of pillow furrow
and implements.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

THIS FARMLAND Rock Picker
sweeps an eight-foot path and is design
ed as an attachment for the Farmland
Heavy-Duty Loader. The Is high carbon
steel teeth are four feet long and ia
inches in diameter Additional teeth can
be added to provide ia inch spacing
for small rocks. Gage wheels are
adjusted to regulate depth the teeth
penetrate the ground.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15
NesO Products
Devices and Equipment
For Farm and Home

HEAT FOR IMPLEMENT sheds,
barns, milk rooms and other farm
buildings. as we'll as a means of dry
ing fodder, silage and crops, is provided
by the new oil fired, portable Summer
aire space heater developed by the
Clayton Manufacturing Co. The heater
produces 2,4OO cubic feet of high veloc-
ity heated air per minute, with a
capacity of 100000 BTU's per minute.
The unit may be obtained with electric
or gasoline engine drive.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

AN UNDERINFLATED tractor tire
condition is diagnosed quickly and ac-
curately with the Firestone simplified
tractor tire air measure gauge as shown
here. This tire, having full tread depth,
should be inflated to point where the
outer edge of the rim f1ange would fit
snugly into the top notch of the gauge
with the attached 7OO-pound disc
elevated in the carrying position. This
tire, with disc resting on the ground,
appeared to be fully inflated When the
disc was raised, the seriously under
inflated condition developed. This sim
plified tire gauge is free to all tractor
owners at Firestone dealers.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

WARMING DEVICE announced by the
Bruhn Detect-O-Stat Co., Inc, is de-
signed to provide complete fire detec-
ton service for industrial buildings,
farms and homes. Temperatures ensi-
tive contacts set for either heat or cold
set off alarm signal warning of fire or
dropping temperatures. Easily installed.
Addresses of manufacturers and further
are available on request Write New
Stockman, Box 1929, Great Falls, M0nta
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-10-15

A HOMEOWNER demonstrates the
simple application of Roost- No-More, a
chemical 'shot foot" for nuisance birds.
The harmless compound is very dis
agreeable to birds when they land in it.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-12-10
Mary Strong

Few Uealize that the small,
seemingly insignificant chores
of the daily round are the i'm
portant rungs in their ladder
of success. In every household
there are nu1nberlesS jobs to
be done which employ the
ceaSeleSs activity of some
tasks fall and she uncom-
mother upon whom these
plainingly goes about her
morn until set Of sun. There
manifold duties from early
is no fanfare Of drums to
announce her prowess. Never
theleSs, she carries on her
usually tha1kleSS duties. The
glory Of achievement which is
awarded the general in battle
oftimes should be bestowed
upon the woman who fights
behind closed doors. To all
such brave souls this wise
thought of Wylie should be
given, viz: There is glory in
the daily cnore. We each have
a fort to hold"
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-12-10
COMMUNITY CHURCH

lis God Dead?" will be the
subject of the sermon to be
given by Rev. Donald G. 10th
rop at the morning service of
the Community Church of
Boston meeting in the Con-
Servatory Auditorium, 81
Hemenway ST., Sunday, Dec.
II at 1920 AM. Mr.. Lothrop,
since 1886 the minister of the
church, is a graduate of Tufts
College and Crane Theologi-
cal School. He holds joint
fellowship with the Univer-
saltSt and Unitarian denomi-
nations and has had previous
paStorateS in both churches.
Raymond Soares, baritone,
will sing and Richard E.
Plaster will be at the organ.
The Community Church is
non Sectarian and the public
is invited.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1955-12-10
Warn Against
Animal Giving

DR.. Eric H. Hansen, Presid-
ent Of the Massachusetts, So
ciety for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals, 1870 Long
wood Avenue, Boston, yester-
day urged everyone to exer-
else due caution, before Civ
ing animal pets for Christmas
gifts.
Make sure, first of ALL"
stated the Society official,
shat the animal will have a
good home and will receive
the best of care. There should
be one person in the house
hold who is willing to take
full responsibility for the ami
mails welfare so that he will
have proper food and sleeping
quarters. If it is a child, well
and good, but nothing should
be left to chance, for a young
ster may promise faithfully to
care for his new pet, and then
turn to something else, there
by neglecting the animal. For
this reason, an older person
in the home should PERSONAL
ly supervise the creatures
care"
DR.. Hansen concluded with
the statement that in giving
a pet for Christmas, the donor
should bear in mind that the
recipient may not be familiar
with the diet and habits of
animals and, therefore, full
instructions for its care and
treatment should accompany
the gift pet. In this connec-
tion, the Society has offered
to cooperate by furnishing
free literature on the care and
feeding Of animals, which
may be obtained by writing to
Society headquarters.