davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-23
Penfagon Describes
Watch Industry as
Not Vital 10 Defense

The Defense Department holds
that the American watch indus
try is not essential to national
defense, although the admins
tration cited the strategic i'm
portance of the industry when
raising tariffs to curb foreign
competition.
A Defense Department report
which has just been declassifled
says mo special nor preferential
treatment for the industry is
necessary" The report came
after an exhaustive study, but it
was ignored last year when Presi-
dent Eisenhower increased Swiss
watch movement tariffs so per
cent,
Seek New Increases
A White House statement then
said the Presidents action will
have an important collateral ef-
feet in contributing to the main
tenance of a satisfactory indus
trial mobilization base for the
domestic production of watch
movements and other precision
devices for national defense"
Recently the administration
has moved again to increase
watch tariffs by raising rates on
watches designed to have jewels
added here.
The Presidents action was
dictated by the findings of an
interdepartmental committee OPP
Grating under the Office of War
Mobilization, which said that sit
appears probable that domestic
production of jeweled watches
should be maintained at not
less than an average of two mil
lion units per year in order to
maintain an adequate base from
which to expand to meet full
mobilization requirements"
Battle Foreign Competition
The American Matchmaking
industry has been hard hit by
foreign competition. and four do
mestic concerns, Bulova, Elgin,
Hamilton and Waltham nave
been battling the importers, who
are spearheaded by Benrus,
Gruen, Longines- Wittnauer and
some others.
In discounting the Importance
Of the domestic industry, the
Defense Department said its re-
Quirements for jeweled watches
or chronometers are nominal"
Nor is the industry needed, it was
said, for producing mechanical
time fuses and safety devices.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-23
Political Uproor Forecast
On Surplus Post Office Sites

this Post Office Department
move have taken concrete action.
They have introduced bills that
would ban disposal of these sites.
Abuse of Public Interest
Joining in this battle is Rep
resentative Albert. Democrat, of
Oklahoma, Democratic whip of
the House. This is the worst
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

ficiency in state aid. Anything over
the amount derived from their share
of the county 10-mill levy must be
authorized by vote of the people
in the bingham High School and the
Clifford High School districts. Inver-
ness High School is not entitled to
any automatic levies nor even a share
of the county equalization money,
since they do not operate on the foun-
dation program. Every cent of tax
money spent in Inverness for the pur-
pose of maintaining so-called high
school must be voted"
In addition, Miss Condor called
the Hill county commissioners at
tention to Section 75-801 1219)
which requires special levies to be
voted by August l of each year. amy
levy voted after that date is illegal, :
she advised.
Noting the late date at which she
was advising Hill county authorities,
Miss Condor wrote Faber that:
"Had the county superintendent or
school boards concerned asked us
about these matters we would have
them earlier. However, we
have had no requests for help from
The officials in your county on the
subject of school finance. We did not
know until the time of a visit from
he Deputy County Superintendent
what, if any, plans these schools had
'or the coming school year."
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
Special Milk Program
Reaches Only One-Third
OF u. S. Schools

COLUMBUS, Ohio - (CNS) - Is
your school in on the special school
milk program?
Better check, says Mrs. Litta K.
Robertson, women's activities director
for Ohio Farm Bureau Federation.
More than half of Ohio's schools
missed out last year, she says.
USDA began the program last fall
and will continue it at least another
school year. It's designed to move
surplus milk into the mouths of Amer
lean school children at modest cost
to parents. Schools get up to 4c add
tional per half pint sold. In most
cases, the cost to school children is
&c or &c half-pint.
The program is open to parochial,
as well as public schools. Only $4,000
of the nations $4,000 schools par
and school children bought
about 400 million more half-pints of
milk.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

Inverness high school cannot share
in the county 10 mill levy" Miss
Condor wrote Leonard Faber, chair
man of the Hill county board of COM
missioners, because this school is not
legally operating. It is not a non
accredited school in that it has not
had any accreditation at any time.
Some several years ago the high
school was discontinued by action of
the school board, ratified by the
county commissioners. Application
for approval to establish high school
at Inverness, according to procedure
provided for in Section 75-4139
(1262.38) ROM. has been denied.
Inverness thus is in different status
from bingham and Clifford where
high schools, though not accredited,
have been in continuous operation.
However, bingham and Clifford,
although non-accredited, are eligible
to participate in the county 10-mill
levy" This was made possible by the
1855 Legislature which amended
Chapter 272, Section II, School Laws
of 1853, so as to authorize MONACO
credited schools to participate in the
county 10-mill levy" the State Super
pointed out. "These schools
must be given the appropriate share
of the county 10-mill levy" she said.
Neither Clifford, bingham, nor
of course Inverness can use the auto
matte permissive levy above the foun-
dation program schedule she con-
tinued, "nor the SO automatic state
deficiency levy to make up the de-
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
FALLS BAKERS COMPLETE
CONTRACT BARGAINING

Members of Bakers & Confection-
cry Workers, Local 81 of Great Falls,
after negotiating for sixty days, have
reached agreement with employers on
a new contract, reports James B.
Meagher, secretary of the local union
Under terms of the new agreement
wage increase of seven cents an
hour is granted for the first year of
the two-year contract. In addition
the new contract calls for health and
welfare insurance payments by en-
ployers. The second year of the agree
ment, wages are increased another
five cents an hour.
The health and welfare provisions
of the contract are the first negoti-
ated by any Bakers local in Montana.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

peacetime, when the rates have
dropped. Corporate income taxes,
for example, are set to drop from
1920 to 47qo April /. The excess
profits tax was allowed to expire
December 81.
During World War IL, defense
agencies handed out fast tax write
offs on plants costing. $7.3 billion. A
Senate committee headed by Owen
Brewster (R-Me.) found that this had
given rise to legal profiteering.
Since the fast tax write-off pro-
visions were re-enacted in 1850, the
Defense Mobilization Board has
okayed 1888 billion of new plant
capacity for this favored treatment.
And the end is not yet. The peak year
was 1862. But businessmen want more
and more all the time. DMB's backlog
of applications has risen from 362
to 628 in the past six months.
Continued on Page Eight
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
BARGAINS ON BRAND-NAME
PRODUCTS MIGHTY SCARCE

PALO ALTO, Calf (CNS)
hardly pays to shop around for brand
name food products, group of coop
members here has discovered.
At their coop and each of 10 other
leading chain and independent super
markets, they bought 161 identical
products. The highest price they paid
was $68.97. The lowest price was
S66. 22-about 40 difference. Their
coop was third cheapest-$66.38.
Savings, they discovered, are on
"house brand northumberland
labeled goods, for example. The
groups occasional surveys supple
ment weekly checks that the co-op's
professional shopper makes as guide
for Manager Gilbert Spencer.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
Statewide MILL LEvIES TO BE
LOWER next FISCAL Year

In addition, the boards decision
not to levy the one-mill University
building levy and the State Hospital
one-half mill levy for retirement of
1947 bonds, will save property tax
payers another $4,000 in the yea
ahead. Added together, properts
taxes will be $1,960,000 lower than
anticipated earlier.
Statewide levies which will be in
effect the coming year are the six
mill University operation levy, bring
ing in $3,360,000, and the two one
half mill levies approved by the
voters last November for much need
ed additional improvements at the
State Training School at Boulder and
the State Hospital at Warm Springs.
The latter levies will cost property
taxpayers $560,000 this next twelve
Likewise, since the Legislature has
ordered the levying of a one-half mill
levy for property Redistribution by
the Sc counties, under the supervision
of the Board of Equalization, this
one-half mill amounts to statewide
levy although collected and disbursed
by local county authorities on re-
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

ANACONDA-Th big day here
will be August 8, when Anaconda Mill
& Smeltermen's Union, Local lit,
plays host to the community at its
annual picnic and celebration.
Smeltermen's Day is paid holiday
in the Mine-Mill contract with Ana
conda Company here. All stores and
businesses will also be closed for
the day.
The program will open with spec
tacular children's parade, at which
youngsters from the Montana orphan
age at Twin Bridges will be enter
tanned as guests of the smeltermen.
Last year, some 5000 children took
part in the parade. Each child in the
parade will receive silver dollar.
There will be balloons for small chill
dren, and $525 in prizes will be
awarded to parade winners.
Tentative plans for the rest of the
day include a children's treat of
candy, pop, ice cream and show tick
cts. Free sandwiches and refresh
ments, including beer, will be avail
able for smeltermen and their fami-
lies.
Also featured will be sports pro-
gram, including ball game between
the Smeltermen and the Elks.
The days program will include
several prominent speakers and two
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
Finnish Coop Gives
Aid to Mothers

HELSINKI, Finland - (CNS) -
Motherhood rates high with Elanto,
Finland's largest consumer coop.
New mothers who have been coop
members (or whose husbands have)
for two years and have bought about
S75 worth of goods year, can choose
between six different kinds of coop
gift parcels, containing sheets, blank
cts. towels and baby garments. Last
year the coop gave out 1,4OO such
parcels. &
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
Inverness High School MOI
EiqibIe For Stare Aid

Because Inverness high school discontinued
by action of the local school board and permission
the school has been denied by state authorities that
nigh school under the state foundation and thus
ineligible state aid This opinion given by State Supt
Of Public Instruction Mary NJ Condor this week. in outlining
Hill commissioners the status of the high schools at
Inverness, bingham and Clifford
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
SMELTERMEH'S ANNUAL PICNIC BIG
EVENT AT ANACONDA

dances-one for the young folks and
a second for adults.
Then there will be drawing for
some IS prizes, tickets for which are
81. Several thousand dollars worth
of tickets already have been sold
Local ITS picnic committee in
cludes all the local union officers and
stewards, with Steward Ed Johnson
as chairman.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
BIood-Drawing August
If, East Helena
SmeIfermen's Hall

Use of Local 72's Smeltermen's
Hall in East Helena has been do
mated by the union to the Red
Cross for a blood bank drawing
Thursday, August IL, local Presi-
dent John Fonk has announced.
The drawings will take place dur
ing the entire afternoon of that
day.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

Because there is a surplus in sew
eral State funds it will be possible
to reduce statewide property levies
one and one-half mills this coming
fiscal year, J. T. Reid, chairman of
the State Board of Equalization, an
nounced this week.
Also, because there is four and
one-half million dollars in the Gen
eral Fund, it will not be necessary
to put the 2-mill statewide property
levy for operation of state govern
ment into effect. The 2-mill levy has
not been levied for IA years.
(Under present property values a
mill brings in about $560,000 annu-
ally to the state government.)
Large balances in the University
Building Bond Interest and Sinking
Fund, and in the Interest and Sink
ing Fund for State Hospital bonds
issued in 1947, make it unnecessary
to place levies for these two funds
the coming year. The University
Building Fund ordinarily calls for
one-mill levey, and the State Hos
pital 1947 Bond Retirement Fund,
one-half of a mill.
The University Buildong Fund July
%, 1865, had balance of $780, 1888.
"The bonds issued in 1949 are pay
able at the rate of $250,000 per an
mum together with semi-annual in
terest on unpaid balances" Reid
pointed out. The total amount pay
able September 1, 1855 is S280,000,
and the total payable in 1856 is $780,
600 Disregarding receipts from taxes,
Reid estimates the fund will have
balance after September, 1856, pay
ments of $809,388.
The balance in the State Hospital
1947 Bond Fund as of July %, was
$410,762. These bonds are payable
at the rate of 100000 per year,
plus semi-annual interest. The present
balance in the fund is sufficient to
meet required payments in 1855 and
1856.
So, 900, 100000 LESS IN TAXES.
Earlier in the year, following var
ious appropriations made by the 1855 |
it appeared that the
State would have to invoke the two
mill statewide levy in order to make
income balance outgo. State income,
however, has come in better than
thereby eliminating the
necessity this year of increasing total
taxes by $1,120,000 for the
fiscal year ahead.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05
. A Year Is Too Much For Sec y Humphrey
:; easury Set To Re-Examine
: asst Tax Write-Off Bonanza
ar Is Too Much For Sec'y. Humphrey

d.
pacty o a avorabe tax IS
to
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

This is the system of "fast tax
write-offs." The loss in federal
revenues is so serious that Treasury
Secretary George NJ. Humphrey
this month suggested that the pro-
pram be cut sharply,
Humphrey is no wild-eyed reform
er. He is a businessman himself, and
his tax recommendation have shown
a remarkable predelicition for the
interests of his fellow businessmen.
But billion dollars year is too
much for Secretary Humphrey.
The idea of "fast tax write-offs' .
began in World War II. In May, 1910,
Hitler invaded France. Two days
later, President Roosevelt asked Con-
gress for money to build 1000 planes.
Congress okayed the funds immedi-
ately.
RECALLS SUPER PATRIOTISM"
OF EARLY 194O's
But by August, while Nazi Germany
was building planes at the rate of
1900 a month, the Il. S. had only
33 planes on order. Aircraft firms
simply refused to expand their plants
unless they were guaranteed more
than normal profits.
The noble idea of taking the profits
out of war was quickly junkads and,
instead the Roosevelt administration
proposed scheme whereby corpora
tons could write-off their investments
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-08-05

in plants that would have little value
after the war. They suggested giving
armament makers permission to fig
ure depreciation on their expanded
plant over 5-year period instead of
the normal 20 years or more.
When North Korean armies over
ran the 38th parallel in June, 1850,
this World War II measure was re-
invoked, again to ge5 private industry
to expand capacity. AS the cold war
has continued, fast tax write-offs are
still being handed out.
Their effect, of course, is to re-
duce businessman wartime taxes
The more he can charge, off as de-
probation in computing his profits,
the less taxes he'll pay. If, after the
five years, the plant is still in use,
his depreciation drops to zero and
his taxable profits rise.
But in the meantime, he has had
what amounts to an interest-free
loan from the government for five
years. He will pay this back, with
cAN AAAeSa CO.., 0'~i Ah~
normal life of the plant.
Assuming that the plant has a 20
year life, that the businessman would
pay so interest if he borrowed this
anywhere else, and present
corporate tax rates, this saving alone
amounts to $3.50 of the original cost
of the plant.
Thus, a businessman who built a
plant would reap non
taxable windfall gain of $350,000,
simply as a result of the non-interest
bearing feature of his fast tax write
off.
EVEN BIGGER BREAK FOR
If depreciation would normally ex-
tend over more thar. 20 years-as it
does for electric power stations, rail
road locomotives, hydro-electric dams,
and soforth-t the gain increases.
But this isn't all. The business
man is also gambling on leadpipe
cinch. He is relieved of taxes in
wartime, when tax rates are pre-
sumably high, and he'll pay up in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12

1h.,. pre., effective until close OF business sotvr
doy, Mey Il, l95s, 10 Washington. O. G, MARY
IANp. Hillerssi Heights ssthssde; Silver sprInT,s'
rokemo Park, slodsrsbvrs. GoruI h.n', HYansyIus,
Manor, Wheaton Mount Rainier, College Pork
Bswyn. laurel, lndion Heod. copitel HEIGHTS.
VIRGINIA; Aiex1ndra Arlington, foirfox. Fols
SALES TO DEALERS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT 10
liMlT QUANTITIES. Produce prices subject 10 dolly
market changes.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1955-10-08
Jewish Women's Head Sends
New Years Message

Mrs. Irving M. Engel, president
Of the National Council of Jewish
Women, declared in a message
concentrating the Jewish New
Year as follows:
AS we begin the new year Sis,
The Booth year since the coming of
Jews to America, we give thanks
for the blessings of freedom in
our country which have enabled
the human spirit to expand and
flourish as seldom before in his
tory. May we be worthy of our
responsibilities as free men and
women. In these times of meas
ureless opportunity and measure
less danger, we pray for the wis
dom and courage to help safe
guard freedom, extend well-being
and establish peace in our coun-
try and for all peoples.
With best wishes for a happy
New Year to you and your dear
ones.
Mrs. Irving M. Engel
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1955-10-08

Statement of the Ownership, Manage
ment, and Circulation Required BY
The Act of Congress of August "a,
1912, as Amended by The Acts of
March 3, 1888, and July 2, 1916 little
80, United States Code, Section 233)
OF The Southern Jewish Weekly, pub
llshed Weekly at Jacksonville, Florida
Tor October l, 1854
L., The name and the address of the
publisher, editor, managing editor and
business manager is:
Isadore Moscovitz, P. o. Box 5588,
Jacksonville Z, Florida.
z. The owner is: Of owned by a
corporation, its name and address must
be stated and also Immediately there
under the names and addresses of
stockholders owning or holding / per
cent or more of total amount of stock.
II not owned by corporation, the
names and addresses of the individual
owners must be given. II owned by .
partnership or other unincorporated
firm, its name and address, as we'll as
| that of each individual member, must
be given.)
Name
Isadore MoscovitZ and
Ethel katz Moscovitz
Address
P. o. Box 55as, Jacksonville 7. Flor
g. The known bondholders, mort
SoSCNoS ctLAO OlllSI SGCuIILN UOlQeTS
| owning or holding l percent or more
| of total amount of bonds, mortgages,
or other securities are: IF there are
| none, SO state.) NONE.
4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include. in
cases where the StocKholder or secur-
| lty holder appears upon the books of
| the company as trustee or in any other
| fiduciary relation, the names of the
| person or corporation for whom such
| trustee is acting; also the statements
in the two paragraphs show the affi-
ants full knowledge and belief as to
the circumstances and conditions under
which stockholders and security hold
erS who do not appear upon the books
of the company as trustees, hold stock
and securities in capacity other than
that of bona fide owner.
5. The average number of copies of
| each issue of this publication sold or
distributed through the mails or other
| wise, to paid subscribers during the IL
months preceding the date shown
| above was 10,89O. This information
is required from daily, weekly, semi
weekly, and tri-weekly newspapers
only.)
ISADORE MOSCOVITZ
signature of Editor
Sworn to and subscribed before me
this 29th day of September 1854.
! (SEAL) MAMMA JONES
Notary Public, State of Florida at
Large. My commission expires
January so, 1856. Bonded by
American Surety Co. of ~ Y.
Arizona sun., 1955-11-25

Here is convenient way to store
those oars out of the way while
you are fishing, and thus avoid
your stumbling over them and also
getting water all over the rear seat
of your boat. Take some heavy
gauge wire coat hangers, cut the
hooks off them, and bend as illus
trated to hook over the sides of
your boat-two on each side. These
afford convenient resting places
for those idle oars.
Arizona sun., 1955-11-25
Paving Delay
On 9TH Ave-,

The paving of the rough section
of 7th Avenue from Thomas Road
to Earll Drive has been postponed
to shortly after January 1. Business
firms in the area requested the de-
lay in construction to avoid con-
flict with the holiday shopping sea-
son. Ernie Mohamed submitted the
low bid Of $20,464 on the improve
ment district project. The contract
or has agreed TO the request of the
City to postpone the start Of con-
struction on the quarter-mile sec
ton. Plans call for asphalt paving
of the 60-foot roadway, complete
with curb, cutters and sidewalks.
Arizona sun., 1955-11-25

same period last year.
Complete details on these and
other economic trends are con-
tanned in the current issue of Ari-
xOna Progress, monthly business
review of Valley National Bank.
Each month sees new records
being chalked up by Arizona mer-
chants. Retail volume in the first
nine months tOtaled 1915 million
compared with $772 million in the
same period of 1854, an increase
of more than 500 million so far
this year.
Arizona Progress also points out
that per capita retail sales in Ari-
Zona have consistently bettered the
national average over the past ten
years despite the fact that per
capita income is still somewhat
below average. In 1854 retail sales
m Arizona averaged $1104 per
capita compared with national
figure of $1059.
A chart showing per capita sales
volume by counties brings out some
interesting comparisons. Santa
Cruz County, with per capita sales
of $1499, leads the state by a wide
margin Yuma County, with per
capita sales of $1399, stands second
and MaricOpa County ranks third
with per capita figure of $I221.
Other counties enjoying better
than average per capita sales are
Yavapai, Cochise and Mohave.
A review of the insurance busi-
ness done in Arizona indicates that
premium volume in 1854 amounted
to- $50 million. This figure, of
course, represented a new all-time
high and is about five times the
volume of ten years ago.
Life insurance writings showed
the biggest gain last year, regain
ing first place in premium volume.
Casualty and surety lines were the
stellar performers in the two pre-
vious years.
The proportion of local income