davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14
LEGISLATION
President Accepts
; HuIf-Louyes Rather
Than No Louves at All

A half a loaf, in President Essen
hower's philosophy, is sometimes
better than none. Last week he
accepted at least three half-loaves
in signing into law measures on the
military reserve, atomic energy and
public housing.
But in signing the bills, Mr..
Eisenhower made it clear that he
did not appreciate what Congress
had seen fit to give him.
The first of the three measures
to be accepted grudgingly related to
the military reserves. While he
acknowledged that the law will
definitely strengthen the reserve
structure" Mr.. Eisenhower pin
pointed what he regarded as de-
ficiencies. These. he said. will have
to be corrected In the next session
of Congress.
Main points of the Presidents
objection were these:
0 Failure to assure that National
Guardsnen will get the same prior
training provided for reservists.
Q Failure to authorize the Gov
eminent to draft men, If necessary,
to fill Reserve quotas.
o Failure to provide incentives
which would lure veterans into the
National Guard.
It all adds up, the President OBJ
served, to serious doubt in his mind
that the Reserve can reach its
planned strength in the next four
years.
Second measure to draw presi-
dental criticism concerned the
Atomic Energy Commission, which
Democrats in Congress have
charged is q "one-man" operation,
the one man being Acc Chairman
Lewis L. Strauss.
Equal Access Clause
The bill, as passed by Congress,
requires Admiral Strauss to give
the commissions four other mem
bers equal access" to information
ON Acc affairs.
Mr.. Eisenhower called the equal
access clause an unnecessary piece
of legislation" whose guarantees
are already provided for in law.
But he signed the bill because it
also provides a salary for a man to
be appointed to an existing vacancy
on the commission. Lacking an
Item veto"-which many Presi-
dents have wished they could use
Mr.. Eisenhower had to take the
whole package or none of it.
His third criticism of Congress
work came on Thursday when the
President signed the housing bill.
AS with the reserve measure, Mr..
Eisenhower called for early cor
receive action.
The bill. the President conceded,
contains important provisions" for
slum clearance and mortgage in
surance. That is why he signed it,
he explained. But he took issue
with the one-year program, au-
thorized in the bill. for $4,000 low
rent public housing units. Mr.. Eli
senhower had wanted a two-year
program with 10000 units. Such
program is still needed, he en-
phaSiZed.
He also blasted the laws pro-
vision granting independence to the
Home Loan Bank Board, which pre-
viously was under the Housing and
Home Finance Agency. This he
termed a backward step" which
will seriously impair co-ordina-
ton"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14

The results already have full
filled the expectations of it's
founders, principal among whom
was President Eisenhower. To no
ones surprise, the United States
proved itself impressively advanced
in the field. More important, our
delegates were willing to share
much, if not all, of their knowledge
about the peaceful applications of
atomic energy.
Hoover, Race
Dominating development. how
ever. was the dramatization of yet
another exciting cold-war race for
prestige, power and wealth. This
was race to tame the H-bomb"
more accurately, to convert fu-
sion energy into electric power The
project has the exhilirating virtue
Of concentrating scientific effort
into peaceful channels.
Teams of physicists in the United
States. Great Britain, the Soviet
Union and possibly some other
countries have been working at the
formidable task for several years.
But their silent race never before
has caught the worlds imagination.
If the scientists succeed, the
world will be given access to an
unlimited supply of electrical ener-
gy at prices some predict will be
so cheap that house meters need
not be installed. Atomic power
plants now being built could pos
sibly be outmoded only few years
after they go into operation.
In the cold war context, emer-
gence of the H-power race was an
other turn of the screw in the ex-
tremely expensive Soviet American
game of keeping up with the
Joneses. Only two weeks ago it
was the competition to launch earth
satellites. Earlier. it was air de-
Tense, and of late there has been
a feverish search for a heat-re-
sistant metal that will make inter-
continental ballistic missiles pos
sible.
That some progress was made in
this field became evident Thursday
when the Bell Aircraft Corp. an
nounced the advent of "X-2,"
plane designed to fly nearly three
times the speed of sound at alti-
tudes close to 10 miles. X-2 will
have stainless steel Skin" and OBJ
viously will answer some questions
about extremely high speeds at
extremely high attitudes.
The United States broad-based
economy. ticking along at a BOOM
like pace, approaches these new
scientific vistas with much less
strain than the Soviet Union feels
Any major effort the Kremlin di-
verts to launch satellites or to
search for the H-power secret. of
course, siphons off talent that could
be used profitably in military chan
nels.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14

higher than anything offered before
or since by the company-went up
in smoke the day after it was agreed
upon, when leaders Of the local
union repudiated a provision which
made the deal contingent on a
White House veto of the transit bill.
The company. obviously feeling
it had been mousetrapped into dis
closing the highest figure at which
it might settle, made a counteroffer
the next day which was considerably
lower. 1t was, however, higher
than the company's last previous
offer and was not conditioned on
a veto.
In addition. though, the company
put out a statement denying the
repudiated deal had arisen out of
a company offer" This was
quarrel over words which boiled
down to the fact that the deal had
been initiated by the officer of the
international union. which is car
rying a burden of some $4,000
week in strike benefits to the 5000
strikers.
The company also charged the
union had leaked the terms of the
deal to the press in an effort to
set floor for later bargaining with
the District Commissioners if the
President should sign the transit
bill.
In that event the Commissioners
would seek to talk the union into
a settlement with the company, the
losses of which would be UNDER
written by the city in a possible
contract with Capital Transit.
And, before the mediation efforts
got into high gear, the city heads
had been on the verge of offering
specific terms to the union. Whether
their terms would have equaled
those of the abortive weekend deal
was not known, since the Commits
sioners refused to make public any
comparisons.
The company's new offer was
made at a special negotiation seS-
sion last Sunday, which broke up
when union officials learned of the
company denial that the near settle
ment was based on Capital
Transit offer" The union officials,
who had been on the verge of max
ing a counterproposal of their own,
decided to wait, charging the COM
pany denial was lie.
Unions Offer
Four days later, though, the union
came up with its first formal coun-
teroffer of the strike. Although
lower than the initial asking terms,
it still was higher than the earlier
deal that fell through.
A negotiating session to discuss
it Thursday broke up on the COM
pany'S insiStence that the new de-
mandS would cost $2.2 million, put
it a million dollars year into the
red and that Capital Transit could
not afford anything more than it
offered Sunday.
Major features of the three diff
ferent sets of terms were these:
The weekend deal-that-wasn't
would have given the strikers a
l0-cents-an-hour boost immedi-
ately, 5 cents more on March
and boost Of $50 month in pen
sion payments, from $40 to $500.
The company's Sunday offer pro-
posed 10 cents an hour immedi-
ately, renegotiation of wages
starting in February and a $40
increase in pensions.
In its counteroffer, the union
asked for IL cents an hour now,
8 cents more in six months and a
boost in pensions of about $50,
which might be reduced by extend
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14

exchange of aerial reconnaissance
and military blueprints.
Obviously the United States does
not intend to let the world forget
for moment who is to blame for
the costs and hazards of our
atomic-age ornaments race, and
who must make the first genuine
move to ease the burden.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14
REVIEW oE The WEEK
Geneva S purs Race for Peaceful Hydrogen

When the United Nations scientific Olympic games"
reached their idpont Geneva this end the aomsor
peace CONFERENCE.-The in hsoryaeady had become bigger
event than expected.
gratifyngy large acknowledgement scientists govern
ment officials and businessmen from 70 participated
in the unprecedented exchange of ideas about the peaceful
nf
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-14

ing the increase to some retired
employees already on pension.
There, as the week ended, the
matter stood with all eyes on the
President.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

East Coast hurricane bulletin With the Democrats you
had fight TO keep head above water With the Republic
you're lucky keep your above water
Dictator Peron resigns in the faceiof Argentine revolt
Peron has regrets He knows his record ceanhe spent
10 years whitewashing it.
failed to register to Gettysburg Pa Some
Farmer Eisenhower refusing Republican again
until fellow In Denver Secretary Agriculture
Democratic Senator Morse people being pndered
by the Republicans. Down in Texas the other day. fellow
had his Lincoln stolen right out from under the Of his
Cadillac
Hurricane lone ashes the Eastern States Like Repub-
chairman Hall Under this administration, every
body gets along swmmingly.
Democratic Chairman Butler charges Eisenhower
calous toward farmers Democrats bleed the
In fact farm prices should start going up they're liable
cut their threats.
Russia returns naval base to Finland The Reds want
to half way. II we'll close down half bases,
they'll give back half Of everything they stole.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20

British territory, they were met
by United States Vice Consul
Robert Aylward. Hong Kong Po-
lice Supt. A. L. Gordon and
American and British Red Cross
officials.
II have a lot to thank the
Lord for" Miss Middleton said.
ITS so good to be on free
SOIL" said Miss Perkins.
In Good Condition
Wearing summer dresses, both
women appeared in good physi-
cal and mental condition al
though tired. Asked how she felt,
Miss Perkins replied: For a
woman of SO, I think I look
pretty well
The women were arrested sep
arately on sabotage charges at
Samkong Village, near Limb
sien, South China, in February,
1851. They were kept in sep
arate rooms in the same build
ings-in Samkong, then in Ku-
kong and in a Canton prison.
and finally met on September
II when they were called be-
fore a Red council in Canton.
They were told then they would
be deported.
Miss Perkins said the first time
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20
Soviet Spies in Innermost Circles

handle Great Britain and the
United States in the field Of
diplomacy. It may be that
the whole Soviet peace of
fensive" has its origin In the
advice given by these two turn
coat diplomats. They know the
soft spots in the arrnor Of the
Western democracies. They
have inside information about
American and British relations
for several years.
Petrov says there was q
special section in Moscow de-
voted to information received
from MacLean and Burgess.
The two agents were trained
early in Communist espionage
even while at Cambridge Uni
versity. Petrov writes:
"Kislytsin was In London
from 1945 to 1913, when ne
was recalled to Moscow. There
after q year on an intelligence
training course. In which he
specialized in English, he was
appointed to the first directo-
rate OF the Committee Of In
formation, where he was put
in charge Of a special one-man
section Of the top secret ar
chives.
This section was devoted
solely to the great quantity OF
material supplied by MacLean
and Burgess"
During the years ls4S to
1852 important events were
happening in the United States
of direct concern to the Com
munists. The Korean war
broke out in 1850. Military
operations and plans of the
Western allies were evidently
relayed regularly to the Soviet
government.
The British officials are say
ing they had no legal means OF
OBTAINING MacLean and Bur-
CESS when they started to in
vestigate them and also that
they didn't think 1t worthwhile
shadowing Mrs. MacLean.
1t certainly is to be hoped
that those British newspapers
which have been sneering at
the American security system
will realize that Soviet espio-
mage isn't after all Just q fig
ment Of Senator. McCarthy's
imagination and that guilt by
association" II followed
through in an investigation of
the MacLean-Burgess personal
relationships with each other
and their friends, would have
possibly nipped the plot before
it could do the damage it evil
IDENTIFY did. Even q slight in
terest in the subject of moral
habits as shown by q previous
investigation Of the personnel
records of the two men would
have raised a question about
both as security risks.
tReproduetion Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20
2 u. S. Women Freed:
Red Charges oIIedVoque

Hong Kong. Sept. 20 (P).-The
first stage In the repatriation of
II American civilians from Com
munist China neared completion
today with the release of two
American women missionaries
after "A years. Imprisonment.
The women were Miss Sarah
Perkins, SO. a native of Tennille,
Ga, and Miss Dorothy Middle
ton, "a. Of Cicero, Ill. Miss Per-.
kins is a Presbyterian, Miss
Middleton a Lutheran who
worked at leper colony.
OF the 10 Americans the Com
munists announced would be
freed from Jail or house arrest,
only Dilmus T. Kanady, a cotton
dealer from Houston. Tex, re-
manned to come across.
The Reds also have said that
IL other Americans previously
denied exit permits were free to
leave China and that machinery
had been set up to provide the
expeditions" release Of 10 others
under detention. None Of these
has arrived yet in the free world.
The women missionaries were
the only American passengers on
the daily train from Communist
Canton. AS they crossed the
200-foot Freedom Bridge to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20

she was called up for questioning
the Communists told me If I
would tell on others they would
treat me lightly, but II not we
may shoot you or treat you very
cruelty"
II replied" she continued,
You may shoot me tomorrow,
but I will still tell the truth"
"Of course, the Chinese gov
eminent was not justified in ar
resting u.s." she declared, be
cause We were not guilty and
they knew it
Those Reds never made 1t
plain and I never knew what
they we're accusing me Of. They
kept asking around and around
about this and that, but no def
mite accusations were made and
until this day I do not know If
they accused me Of being q spy.
I'VE are not spies, we are mis-
sionaries." she declared, tears
yelling in her eyes.
Signed Some Papers
Miss Middleton said she had
signed some papers which I be-
lieye were confessions in 1852 or
1883" She said she wrote some
things from my point Of view
that I was a Christian and that
! was sorry il I had said any
thing contrary to their belief"
II probably had done things
contrary to their IDEAS" she con-
tinued. but as a Christian. /
would never 60 back on God"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20
Slight Interest in Burgess and MncLe0n
By British Might Have Nipped Their Plot

espionage was released by the
Parliament In Australia. Petroy
felt that he could not talk
about the MacLean-Burgess
case.
The revelations about Mac
Lean and Burgess were printed
in . London newspaper over
the week end by arrangement
with the Sydney Morning Her
aid of Australia. British For
eign Office officials. who have
never admitted that they really
knew what happened to Mac
Lean and Burgess or even what
the pair had been doing. now
finally concede that ION the
basis of this evidence (Petroy's
statements) the presumption
must be made that documents
were passed to the Soviet
Union-in what quantity we
cannot say"
But Petrov himself declares
that Second Secretary Kislyt-
sin of the Soviet Embassy in
Australia had been In London
and told him tPetrov) that
he had handled the material
supplied by Burgess. Petrov
writes:
AT this time Burgess was
bringing out brief cases full
of Foreign ONCE documents,
which were photographed in
the Soviet Embassy and quick
ly returned to him. Kislytsin
used to encipher the more
urgent information and cable
it to Moscow. The rest he pre-
pared for dispatch by courier
in the diplomatic bag"
This strangely parallels the
relationship of Alger Hiss of
the U. s. Department of State
and Whitaker Chambers,
whose pumpkin papers" dis
closed the documents he got
from Hiss.
1t turns out that, just after
the British Foreign ONCE
started investigating MacLean
and Burgess, the two men
learned Of the danger and told
the Soviet government, which
helped them to escape and
later brought Mrs. MacLean
and the children to Moscow.
The family now is living there.
Two important questions
arise in connection with the
episode. One is why the Brit
ish security system didn't func-
ton effectively. The other is
what kind of information did
MacLean and Burgess trans
NIT and what possible effects
there were on Soviet policy.
THE theory advanced by
petrov is that MacLean and
Burgess are today advising the
Soviet government on how to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20
Oct. ? Meeting at Albany Seen as Effort
To Boost Democratic Party Harmony !.

party's campaign. all predicated
on how best to combat Presi-
dent Eisenhower. They must
accept him as the man to beat
until, and unless, he takes him.
self out.
This can be done on an in
innate and friendly basis be-
cause of the relationship be-
tween the two men that de-
veloped when Averell Harri-
man served the Truman Ad-
ministration, as he had the
Roosevelt Administration be-
fore. in important foreign pol
icy and diplomatic posts.
There win be ample time for
talk and a thorough canvass
of the current political outlook
because the former President
and Mrs. Truman are to spend
"A hours at Albany.
The ex-President is aware
Of the powerful position occu-
pied by a Governor of New
York, both in the nominating
convention and in the election.
Mr.. Truman is also fully aware
Of Gov. Harriman's po-
tentials as a candidate. The
two men see alike, likewise, on
important domestic and for
eign policy issues. The Gov
ernor is in the New Deal-Fair
Deal wing Of the party.
He undoubtedly would be
Mr.. Humans second choice.
A situation could arise where
Governor Hartman would be
the first choice If circum-
stances develop that make q
Stevenson denomination i'm
possible or politically imprac-
tlcable.
The ex-President would sup
port either man against Sem
ator Estes Kefauver of Ten
nessee. who is regarded now as
the other formidable con-
tender chiefly because OF the
vote-getting ability he DEM
onstrated in a wide cross
section of presidential pri-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20

II is hard to determine on
the basis of real facts whether
the USSR Is ahead, equal or
behind US in nuclear weapons.
But 1t can be said without
qualification that the Reds are
far ahead Of us in espionage
and subversion. And this is no
mean advantage.
The reason for this situation
Is easy to understand. No
other theology than Commu-
mist is to be found In the So
Wet hierarchy. The penalty for
the slightest deviation is death
or longtime confinement in
labor camps. Infiltrations in
the Red government are i'm
possible. The few MVD agents
who have deserted were in
diyiduals assigned abroad who
have found more enjoyment
in the free society.
The West has learned some
thing about the Kremlin's es-
pionage methods. but it has
never penetrated into the
sanctums where plans for de-
struction Of the free world by
peaceful or military means are
being worked out. No equiva-
Tents of Alger Hiss, Harry Dex-
ter White, Klaus Fuchs or the
Rosenbergs have been ex-
posed in the Soviet Union,
while the Russians had no
difficulty in obtaining such
auxiliaries in our camp. We
have mo men Of our own" In
the Russian government. The
Red high command has found
l1ative-born or naturaliZed
Americans. British, French,
Italian and others who became
their willing and devoted tools
in some Of the most sensitive
segments Of the free nations.
The Red theology. inhuman
and harsh as 1t has proved to
be, has gained to Its side hum
dreds Of thousands of other
wise well-meaning individuals
who without realizing what
'they are doing have become
auxiliaries Of the greatest and
most widespread conspiracy in
history. In their thirst for
peace, even members of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-20

Wherever former President
Harry Truman goes he is
watched closely by both Demo-
cratic and Republican Party
managers.
To the latter he has become
again a thorn-in- the-side with
his early opening of the 1856
campaign. As for Democratic
leaders, they recognize the in
fiuence he still enjoys among
the high councils of his party
which Is sure to have an i'm
pact on the personnel of the
1856 national ticket and on
party program and policy.
That influence is buttressed by
his large following among the
party's rank-and-file.
Considerable interest at
taches. therefore. to the forth
coming visit, October 7, to
Gov. Averell Hartman of New
York who is known to have
not-to-be-suppressed longings
for the 1856 Democratic Presi-
dental nomination which he
is unable to conceal by his re-
peated assurances, whenever
he is asked. that he is for
Adlai Stevenson.
So. too. is Mr.. Truman for
Adlai Stevenson.
The former Presidents call
on the New York Governor is
understood to be in the inter-
est Of promoting party unity.
He wants to keep two such
outstanding party notables as
Messrs. Stevenson and Harri-
man from getting crossed up
and getting in each others
hair. This could injure such
chances as the party may have
to regain control of the Gov
eminent next year.
1t is to be expected that Mr..
Truman and the New York
Governor would get down to a
frank discussion of the situa-
ton as to candidates and the
direction and nature OF the