davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
MONTGOMERY BUDGET


1t is indeed encouraging to
many of US in Montgomery
County to see our new County
Manager. M. L. Reese. make
firm moves in the direction Of
more economical and more ef-
ficient local government. OPP
position to the high cost Of
Montgomery County govern
ment has grown during the
past few years to the point
where there can be no doubt
that the majority of county
citizens are sympathetic with
the belt Tightening budget pro-
proposals of Mr.. Reese and
his staff.
The screams of opposition to
the Reese budget have come
so far from the School Board
and the county teachers as
ISOLATION. There is little doubt
that assorted PTA representa-
tives will join in the argument,
since some cuts were made in
the school budget requests
prepared by the school board.
But, our county will never
lower its governmental cost
until it starts cutting budgets.
Mr.. Reese Is willing TO try
to produce greater economy
while maintaining sound local
government. He has proposed
cuts where and when they
can be made. Perhaps, past
Montgomery county managers
and county councils have been
too generous in their support
of the school board requests
for huge annual budget in,
creases-the cries thus far
would indicate that our educa-
tional administrators are a
trif1e spoiled.
I am not worried about the
future of the Montgomery
County school system. The
county always has had an ex-
cellent system. even before the
introduction Of the skyscrap-
ing budgets of recent years.
Basic educational needs will
be generously provided for in
the budget proposed by Mr..
Reese; a few frills and extras
may have been deleted.
AS a native of Montgomery
County, a home-owner, tax
payer and father of a child
approaching school age, I in
dorse Mr.. Reese's sincere at
tempt to provide this county
with the type of governmental
economy it needs. I hope the
county council will see fit to
hold the line established by
Mr.. Reese in the interest of all
Montgomery County citizens.
Arthur P. Brigham.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Does Smoke Change Climate?
BY THOMAS R. HENRY

servations have been very few
compared to these in the .
Northern Hemisphere. The z
thesis Of differential climateici
changes north and south of7G
the Equator may prove false (,
on more intensive investiga- Is
tons, scheduled to take place, =
during the geophysical year,
Basically. of course. all the, !
earth's heat comes from theos
sun. Solar radiation varies
somewhat from day to day. z
but the effects should be the "a
same for both hemispheres. n
Other Weather Problems IL
Other influences on weather
to be investigated by meteor G
ologists all over the world. j.,
during the international year ;.
include: NJ
% Varying thickness of the Il
ozone layer about so miles =
above the earth. This traps ID
the killing ultraviolet radiation r
Of the sun and is essential to-
life. It drops to quite low :
values in autumn and shows 9
a tremendous increase in late m
winter and early spring. TOT
these changes have been at-1
tributed some Of the lushness'it
of spring vegetation and the4o
melancholy of autumn. #
(2) Increasing transparency
of the atmosphere so that
more sunlight gets through
Great volcanic eruptions whichn:
throw millions of tons of finer
dust into the high atmosphere
undoubtedly have affected
weather in the past. The dustec
undoubtedly was responsible %
for some of the 'cold years. ,
reported before the middle ofoE
the last century. Some CEN y,
tury-old volcanic dust still
may be left, but the amount .
has decreased enormously. =.
~ Noctolucent clouds
patches of faint luminescence, io
seen at attitudes of more thaniE
80 kilometers. These are be-s,
lieved to be aggregations ofs2
cosmic dust from Shooting u
stars" aG
a. Transport of air mass IT
and energy across the Equator, .
presumably important in the 60
weather picture of both hem
ispheres. The trapped solar
energy which moves from onet
hemisphere to the other with
season changes, DR.. Wexler
said, can be compared to that
of more than 4 million atom
bombs.
80 The effect of sudden
eruptions from the sun on
weather in local areas. A few
years ago, for example, there
was sudden rise of more
than 30 F. in the temperature
of the upper atmosphere above ~,
Berlin. This was not shown :.
by observations elsewhere. It
may be that only this area
was hit by a hot blast from O
the sun. -.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
BoIky Witnesses

On the face of the matter, the SUI
preme Courts notification of guilty YER
diets against three men tried for contempt
after they refused to testify before a House
committee does not appear to set up a
major handicap to the congressional power
of investigation. Nevertheless, there is
persuasive reason to believe that these de-
PENDANTS were guilty of contempt and
should have been punished
The Chief Justice, who wrote the ma
jority rulings, said there "can be no doubt
as to the powers of Congress, by itself or
through its committees, to investigate
matters and conditions relating to con-
templated legislation" In this instance,
the House Committee on Un-American
Activities was trying to investigate sub
versive and security situations in the sensi-
tive electronic industry during what dis
senting Justice Reed called an "active
period of national rearmament"
The three witnesses involved in this
matter refused to answer questions put
by the committee. Instead, they made
speeches while in the witness chair about
the First and Fifth Amendments. The
question whether they actually invoked
the latter's protection against self-incrim-
nation was key issue in the case. The
majority held that they had invoked the
amendment. 1t also held that the commit
tee had failed to override the objections
voiced by the witnesses in refusing to an
Swer, and that it failed to direct them
specifically to answer. If this is all that
the majority rulings come down to, con-
greSsional committees ought to be able
to meet the situation in the future by more
carefully framed questions and more spe-
cif1c rulings and orders.
There is ample room, however, for con-
Germ over the extent to which the court
is going in the matter of dubious pleas of
Self-incrimination, and this concern is
clearly reflected in the dissenting views of
Justices Reed, Minton and Harlan.
In his comments, the Chief Justice
alluded to the horror of Star Chamber
proceedings" in 17th-century England
which led to the establishment there of
1.-THE privilege against Standardization
But it is a far cry from the Star Chamber
OF 1910 to an open hearing three centuries
later before congressional committee try
ing to find out how far the Communists
had succeeded in penetrating American
defense plants.
TO say this is not to say that witnesses
in the latter situation should in any way
be deprived of any constitutional right.
OF course, they should not But If they
are going to invoke the Fifth Amendment
as protection against Standardization
they should be required to do so in clear
language. Furthermore, a refusal to tes-
tify should be based on some reasonable
expectation that truthful answer might
be discriminatory. A political -harangue is
not an invocation of the Fifth Amend
ment, and an unwillingness to. finger"
other people is not the equivalent of a
privileged desire to avoid self-incrimina-
lions. The dissenting opinions, to the
extent that they erect warning signals on
such points as these, serve welcome and
a constructive purpose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25

The wire fence soon merges
into the background. of which =,
it is the basic ingredient in the :,
small garden. :,
Painting the fence need not
be done too often Time and
weather have a way of their
own of fitting a fence into its,
place in any yard. g..
$500 ,!
The cleanup in the yard II
has taken place by this time. o
All the raking has been done, f
the old grass carted away. as0r
we'll as the strange vegetable
debris that accumulates over.
the winter. One wonders where
it all comes from. =
Paint-up In the yard in-1t
cludes the permanent wooden"
chairs and sometimes tables. :
Garden stakes also may be
given new color, now and
then, although dark green is;
always satisfactory. -.
The old word for garden.
garth" meant protected
place.
A whole new book has been
put out on getting the most
out Of your back yard. Prob
ably most owners have thought
of most that is in it, but a re-
view, now and then, is in or
der. -
Too many trees take away
from the INABILITY of the
small garden. The sunny gar-o
den is the best, and every
homeowner comes to realize it
sooner or later. To live in
gloom, or semigloom, is not so
good. -
Sunshine is the great painter o.
It's color is gold, and its touch, =,
properly handled, is health. VI.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25

@. Please list the 10 biggest.
American unions in order Of y
size of membership. N. -,
A. In 1854 they were: Auto
mobile Workers, Transfers,
Steelworkers, Machinists. Car
penters. A. F. of L. Electrical
Ladies Garment Workers,
Hotel and Restaurant En-
ployes, Miners. Common La
borers. Membership totals
ranged from 1,240.000 down
w 1oo'"''' yis
@. What was the date Of the I"
first H bomb explosion2-4'
&c u,
A. November /, 1852. This ~
test operation was made at
Eniwetok island in the Pacific
under the code name Mike. 20.
@. Do suicides occur moreni
often in winter than in sum- .
mer?-B. S. ..
A. No. surprisingly, this is
not so. Most suicides occur ins''
the spring. according to re-
ports Of the U. N. World Health r
Organization. To a depressed
person the bright sunshine and =
promise Of this season Of the
year seems most difficult to
bear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
Vote of Confidence

1t is not possible for one
person to be sure what Is in
the mind of another, but it
has been said, and correctly
so. that we can judge a tree
by it's fruits. With this in
mind we can be reasonably
sure that this Administration
is using about every known
strategy to bring about a more
peaceful and harmonious re-
lation among nations.
The expressions on the
faces Of the President and
Secretary of State on the
night of their recent televised
program concerning the Aus
trian treaty and the forth
coming, meeting of the heads
donations were such that lead
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
Time to Settle This

It is good that the Senate Armed Serv-
ices Committee Is to receive tomorrow
a Thorough brief1ng" on the relative
strength of American and Russian air
power. For this question, touched off as a
public issue when the Defense Department
announced about ten days ago that the
Red Air Force is flying intercontinental
heavy jet bombers in multiple formations,
has threatened to become a dangerous
political football.
The present plan, as announced yes
terday by Committee Chairman Russell OF
Georgia, is to have Air Secretary Talbot
and Air Chief of staff, General Nathan
Twining, testify in closed session on the
strength of our own air power and on what
we know about Russian air power. Senator
Russell announced week ago that such
a limited closed-door inquiry would be
undertaken. This was after Senator SYM
ington, Missouri Democrat and former
Secretary of Air. had warned on the Senate
floor that we may have lost superiority Of
the air."
In the week since, there has been con-
siderable comment but very little clarifica-
ton. In his news conference, President
Eisenhower said it lis just not true" we
have lost our great technical excellence
and development. This answer has not
satisfied Senator Symington, however, and
he is now charging efforts to suppress
discussion" as we'll as confusion of official
utterances." Senate Majority Leader john
son, who will head subcommittee to de-
eide whether there should be a full-scale
inquiry into our military readiness, also
has charged confusing" official statements
to the Defense Department.
Obviously the question of how our air
strength compares with that of the Soviet
Union is too serious and too important to
be used as springboard for mere political
controversy. The Air Force spokesman
should provide the committee with the
fullest and most accurate information
available to them. The committee men,
bers, In their turn, should be willing to
refrain from further comments until they
have heard the Air Force story.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25

In the collective defenses Of the free world.
A particularly close Turkish American re-
lationship has developed In these years
with general feeling here that our sub
stantial military and economic assistance
to Turkey has been constructively utilized.
Mr. Erkin, leaving now for new assign
ment, has done his full share in creating
and maintaining this favorable impression.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
Inteqrotion

I noticed with considerable
interest in The Sunday Star
that it is still being urged that
District firef1ghters be perse-
cuted for daring to express
their opinions in regard to ra-
cial indignation in the District
Fire Department. Also that
The Star has not written one
word in opposition.
william Nelson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25

advantages or disadvantages
of the Kaplan bill, which
should not be necessary to
give those already retired a
fair return on the money they
paid in the retirement fund.
Annuitant.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry iDriterS' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
Sdtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-25
Questions and Answers

A reader can get an answer By mail
to any factuAl question ov writing
reau. 1900 Eve St NV. Washington,,
s, D C. Please incloss 3 cents for
return postage. d
Nv THE HASKIN SERVICE
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

YES, YOU GIVE YOUR CHILL
DREN all the nourishment of
the "high-price" spread in every
pound of sunny-sweet, smooth
spreading BLUE BONNET Mar
garine. All the Milk Minerals
the calcium and phosphorus! All
the valuable Food Energy! And
BLUE BONNET is a more uniform
source of Vitamins than the
'high-price" spread. 1t contains
four times more Vitamin D; is
more dependable the year round
for Vitamin A; and contains
Vitamin E. Get BLUE BONNET
Margarine for all 3: Flavor!
Nutrition! Economy!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

to understand people can learn
too much about them. This goes
for mothers and fathers. for doc
tors. clergymen and lawyers, and
especially good friends.
;. Gire recognition to others.
While it is true that the most ma
ture individual gets greatest salts
faction in giving. none of US ever
give up the desire to receive, too.
We want to be loved. We want
approval. We want to be included.
We want above all to be appreci-
ated. Hence, a word of praise. of
thanks or recognition is among
the most effective tools in getting
along with others.
4. Be flexible. 1t is a sign of
both youth and maturity to be
able to change our habits and atti-
tudes. If we take an honest look at
ourselves. We can see many changes
that we should make that would
help US to get along better with
those about US. This is best illus
trated in the family, where parents
simply must grow with their chill
dren if they are to be helpful and
effective. One can't 60 on an
assumption that the standards and
practices in vogue in 1924 are nee
essarily appropriate in 1855.
These four rules won't work any
miracles. They won't change your
life overnight. But keep them in
mind. Think of them in connection
with your daily activities. They
can help you to control the hate
impulses and express the love i'm
pulses. And that is what it takes
to get along with people. The End
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27
WHY MEN FAIL
Continued from page seven

is going to improve, it is because
people give.
z. Try to understand the
other feliOsc. If you occasionally
feel abused, don't just get mad or
hurt or call names. Recognize the
fact that every individual is differ
ent from everyone else. So listen
and learn. No one who ever wants
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

child but not in the adult man or
woman. The fathers and mothers
who assume this point of view
towards the family are obvious
failures at their job as parents.
But even some parents-and nom
parents - who appear to do rea-
sonably good job with their family
still remain too immature toward
their community. their state. their
nation and their world. Unless
more people can develop the ma
ture attitude of What's in it for
u.s." it isn't likely that we are
going to get along with each other
much better.
How To Get Aloag
ARE there any simple rules that
might help us get along with peo-
pie more effectively and happily?
Yes. but first let's see just what
that means. Relationships must
be consistent, constructive and
helpful, along with enough mutual
confidence and tolerance to allow
for occasional fluctuations. There
aren't any simple rules that are
going to change your personality.
But there are some guiding princi-
piles to apply in your relationships
that. if you observe them, might
enable you to get along more hap
PLY with people.
I. Cire more than you re-
ceire - and enjoy doing it.
All of us started out in life on the
receiving end. If we become ma
ture. Our greatest satisfaction must
come in giving - of ourselves, our
substance, our time and energy,
our ideas. II the family or society
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27
How many Of these
New Baking Mixes
do you know?

%. all by PY-o-MY
the young company that
is always making news
with mixes that are
original, new and COM
pletely different.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

no pan to clean! Kids love to bake
hem land eat them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

:. so easy to bake with PY-O-MY Blue
berry Muffin Mix-all you need in one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

package, including a can
Of juicy northern blue
berries ..PY-O-MY's deli
cious muffin mix even
a set Of handy paper bak-
ing cups! Now you can
serve delicious light-tex-
tured burberry mullins
often. Let them make
.oniOhf cornot hing anociaI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-27

f2nllia, CnOc0late an(
Il NEW pV.o-MV m
now packed in a one-u
(same price as ever!
brownies quicker and
easier-either the
C h e y. flu d gy
brownies or cake
type doth directions
are included). Just
add water! BakesI
perfectly in the foill
pan-and, Of course,
no pan to clean! XII
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26

EHzaDetn henny
Foundation, and
10 administered
under medical SUI
pervision by
Kenny Therapists.
The Kenny Treat
ment has become
generally accepted
and is the basis for
the best treatment
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26

When success turns mans
head, II always leaves him look
ing In the wrong direction
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26
Voters In Kentucky
Went For Combs

Louisville amp Bert T.
Combs, who lost the Kentucky
gubernatorial primary to A. B.
Happy Chandler, had the sup
port of the States Negro popula-
ton, which voted for him 2-l.
Despite this overwhelming sup
port and the endorsement of the
regular Democratic organization
in Kentucky, Combs lost by more
than 10000 votes to onetime Sem
ator Chandler.
James A. Crumlin, president Of
the Kentucky Conference of
NAACP branches, said Chandler
won the nomination for governor
by building up a large vote in
the smaller towns and rural COM
munities. He said there are about
95, 900 Negro votes in the state.
Chandler failed to get the Negro
vote because of his Association
with Dixiecrats and his none too
favorable record in Congress while
serving as Senator.
He was supported by few Negro
leaders, including Charlie Moore,
who made his tavern available to
Chandler for a talk to about 400
Negroes. Chandler lost the pre-
cinct by at least 3 to l.
Harry 8. McAlpin of Louisville,
w. s. Dotson Of Lexington, and a
few tavern owners in Hopkinsville
were the main Chandler support
ers among Negroes. All other ac-
tive Democrats. including the Rev
Felix A. Anderson, only Negro
member of the legislature, were
for Combs.
The main objection Of Ken
tucky's Negroes to Chandler was
the fact that he openly supported
the Dixiecrats in 1s4s. He also re-
fused to answer a QUESTIONABLE on
his position in the segregation is
sue.
Negro newspapers in Kentucky
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26

Hundreds OF houses have been
sold through ads In this papers
Want Ad section
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26
Down Beof Poll
Coils Bosie Bond
Top Bio Group

New York - amp 49, The
worlds Leading jazz critics, vot-
ing in Down Beat magazines an
nual poll, have picked Count
Basie's orchestra as the best big
band, and the Modern Jazz Quar-
tet as the best combo.
Louis Armstrong, who won the
two previous polls as a vocalist.
was tied this year with Frank
Sinstra.
Although the late Charlie
Parker was not eligible (only liv-
ing persons could be voted forJ he
stll received the votes of four of
the critics. However, the alto sax
division was led by Benny Carter.
The new vibes winner is Milt
Jackson, replacing durable Lionel
Hampton, and Miles Davis as
founded everybody by tying Dizzy
Gillespie on trumpet.
Following is a list of the win
ners Of each category:
Big Band, Count Basic; Combo,
Modern Jazz Quartet; Trumpet,
Davis and Gillespie; Trombone. J.
]. Johnson; Alto Sax, Carter; Ten
or Sax, Stan Getz; Baritone Sax,
Gerry Mulligan; Clarinet, Tony
Scott; Piano, Art Tatum.
Bass, Oscar Pettiford; Guitar
Jimmy Raney; Drums, Max
Roach; vibes, Mile jackson; Male
Singer, Louis Armstrong and
Frank Sinatra; Female Singer,
Ella Fitzgerald.
The critics also picked new star
choices in the following categor-
les:
Trumpet, Rudy Braff; from
bone, Jimmy Cleveland; Alto Sax,
Herb Geller and Lennie Niehaus;
Tenor Sax, Bill Perkins; Baritone
Sax, Bob Gordon; Clarinet, jim
my Guffre; Piano. Randy Wes-
ton: Bass, Wendell Marshall; Gut
tar, Howard Roberts; Drums, Joe
Morello; Vibes, Cal Tjader; Male
Singer. Joe Williams: Female
Singer, Teddi King.
The winners were selected by
20 American and European critics,
including German, French and
English writers and critics. This Is
the third annual critics poll, which
Is conducted independently of
Down Beats popular poll.
Joachim <. Berendt, German
jazz critics and author, stated:
I've never known deeper feeling
of relatively az in the filling out
OF this years poll. The jazz
scene has become so wide that II
seems an almost superhuman task
to name such and such a player
as the best one.
There Is. on almost every in
strument, some one to whom you
are doing injustice in overlook
ing him. Only Basic. MO. Dizzy
Tatum. Blakey (drums) and
Thad Jones seem to be sure bets"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26

dug up Chambers record to see
how he voted on civil rights pro-
posals during his tenure in the
Senate. They found that he had
never voted in favor of a civil
rights bill.
However, Chandler is extremely
popular in Kentucky and is ex-
pected to have little trouble In
winning the general election In
November.
1T would appear at this point
that many Negroes will jump on
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-08-26

favorable season d considered 10 b
advisable.
q. What 10 the Kenny Treutmsnf
and t0ho developed III
A. Briefly. the Kenny Treatment
includes first. hot packs and atten-
dant procedures to lengthen short
ened muscles. Second. neuro-mus-
cular retaining OF the affected
parts. The treatment was first do
yeloped by the late Sister Eliza
beth Kenny.
q. Where Is the famed Kenny Treat
ment available and toho gives itf .
A. The Kenny Treatment Is avail
able at treatment centers operated
across the country by the Sister