davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

minority families to home owner
ship than all other financial in
situations combined. Currently,
these institutions hold 56.5 per
cent of all mortgages issued by
financial institutions to mon
white" families.
The League statement, present
ed to the Conference on minority
group housing called by the
Housing and Home Finance Ad-
ministrator, revealed that savings
and loan association managers
generally reports loans TO min
ority families have proved good
investments and have been
handled in a routine fashion.
The primary reasons for re-
jecting an application are insult
ficient down payment or earning
power. and these reasons apply to
all families" said the League.
The League emphasized, how
ever, that savings institution man
Type OF Financial Institution
Savings and Loan Associations
Commercial Banks ..............-
Mutual Savings Banks -..--
Life Insurance Companies ... ..-
Mortgage Companies ... .-.......
EMMA
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
Nations Savings & Loan
Associations Lead In Loans
To Minority Home Buyers

Chicago, Il-The nations savings and loan associations
have built impressive lead all types financial
institutions IN providing home financing for minority families
according to the United States Savings and Loan League
League statement reported that the basis Census
Bureau figures savings and loan associations
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

ayers claim that minority fam
lilies have not played as import
ant a part in the savings side Of
their institutions as in the home
financing,
Since savings associations can
lend only TO the extent of their
savings, II is worth emphasizing
that an increased savings pro-
gram on the part OF minority fam
lilies would result in the increased
availability Of home financing"
the League commented.
"a man who saves regularly
with a home financing institution
has not only given a demonstra-
ton Of his financial stability which
will help him obtain loan, but in
the meantime he is helping supply
the funds which will finance hts
neighbours home" Here u a break
down OF the holdings Of the mort
cages on non-white families:
Dollar Volume
..... $3.50, OOO, 900
$4,000, 900
$4,000. 900
$4,000. 900
10 OOn OOO
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

recognised by the nations big
business interests. There Ii ae-
cumulating evidence that this
pattern OF business Is being un-
consciously cast for him by his
buying power and race-conscious-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

ness being emphasized In his need
and demand for jobs and economic
representation In commerce are
being opened up TO the Negro
Opportunities are becoming avail.
able TO those who have ambitions
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

gro represents a. high as forty
five percent OF the total consum-
or buying power. In New York
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
REALTORS. ATTORNEYS.
CONTRACTORS and
HOME BUILDERS

Wow and your clients will appreciate the EXTRA
i FAST commitments, liberal loan appraisals, low
interest rates and long term plans offered by Mime
apoIs Savings. The minute you phone your require
ment competent staff goes into action fast to expe
dte your real estate loan Our complete service goes way
beyond anything you have experienced anywhere before
because handle the minute details necessary and
important but time consuming and often annoying 10 you
and your customers these busy days We sell
sign mortgages 70 others consequently all papers and
records concerning the property always quickly avail
able TO you your client for reference and inspection at
any time No charge obligation to have inspect your
building plans TO give you quick commitment Of the
amount Of money we can loan you
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

CITY alone, Negro purchases are
estimated TO exceed $3.50, 900. 900
Continued on Page 6-B)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Germany Also Is Divided Between West
And West, With Soar as Satellite

of Germany and controlled eco-
r1omically by France. Never
has external economic control
been compatible with political
autonomy.
The inhabitants Of the Saar
are being asked to accept this
status for the sake Of peace
between the West German
Federal Republic and France.
But having been given just
enough freedom to vote Yes or
No on the Saar statute. and
listen to arguments pro and
con, they are increasingly In
open revolt.
The campaign is less directed
against the Saar statute. even,
than against the Hoffman,
stooge government, and even
against the West German gov
eminent and the Christian
Democratic Party who have
reprimanded the pro- Germans.
The uproar occasioned by the
militant nationalisrn Of these
appalls American editors. The
unionists are actually more
militantly nationalist than the
West Germans themselves!
We can only ask: What did
anyone expect?
And what principle involving
the division of Germany is APP
plicable in the East and not
In the West?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
An Oft Overlooked Security. Issue

formation be obtained from
Government employees or ap-
plicants which relates to
amy criminal. infamous. dis
honest. immoral or notoriously
disgraceful conduct, habituai
use Of intoxicants to excess.
drug addiction or sexual
perversion."
This shows the necessarily
large range that the questions
must cover and, since the FIJI
canvasses friends and neigh-
bors, all the unyerified gossip
as well as the incontroyert-
ible facts have to be appraised.
AS the Secretary Of Defense
puts it in his regulation, the
ultimate determination of
whether acceptance or reten-
ton in the armed services Is
clearly consistent with the in
terests of national security
must be an overall common
sense determination based on
all available information. "
Theoretically. as In criminal
cases, the individual should be
given the benefit Of the doubt
but, since employment In Gov
eminent is q privilege and not
q right, it is the superior right
Of the Government to say. In
effect, in a given case that an
employee may seem loyal and
be devoid of any intention to
do anything improper but as
long as he has ties which can
subject him to pressure or
habits that could be taken adj
vantage Of by the enemy. there
Is every reason why the Gov
eminent should protect itself
by taking no chances.
The greatest danger the
American Government faces
today on the whole security
problem comes from those who
eitherare naive and unfamiliar
with the operations Of the
enemy In our midst or who are
still obsessed with the idea
a security case In q Govern
ment department and q crimi-
nal case in q court Of law are
the same thing and must be
procedurally handled exactly
the same way.
The IL Communists con-
victed In Judge Medina's court
after a lengthy trial gave Q
dramatic example Of what Sc
curity-case suspects and their
lawyers could do to harass and
Illustrate governmental oper-
atoms II the same rules were
applied inside the executive
agencies. There has never been
any decision of the Supreme
Court of the United States
which says the rights Of an
individual supersede those Of
the Government itself in the
field Of security and national
defense. The Bill Of Rights
protects the Government, too.
Depreciation Rights Reserved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Toronto Reodies Horbor
For Heavy Seowoy Load

TORONTO. Aug. 81 R.-Two
stages of Toronto harbor's Ave.
stage plan Of preparation to
handle st. Lawrence seaw ay
shipping win be completed this
year.
A new terminal adding berths
for four ships and almost 2 mil
lion cubic feet Of covered cargo
stacking space was opened last
spring. BY early fall the federal
government is expected to turn
over 20 acres Of waterfront land
for the Harbor Commissions ex-
pansion program.
The third step will be the
building Of two additional termi-
mails, due to be ready for the
opening Of the Seaway. Fourth
stage is dredging Of the harbor's
western channel into Lake On
tario and rock removal in certain
areas Of the harbor.
FINAL stage for the inner har-
Dor preparation is consolidation
Of heavy industry in the eastern
section and possible development
Of more general cargo terminals
there.
Third among Great Lakes ports
as far as package frienght is
concerned, Toronto now handles
more than 100000 tons q year,
compared with an estimated
10000 tons at Chicago and 120,-
600 tons at Detroit. II hopes to
pick up major share Of the
additional trafiic expected TO
move UP the seaway during its
drst year.
Pflings for all Toronto's piers
were driven deep enough to per-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Chicago Police
Seize Two Fuqitives

CHICAGO. Aug. 81 R.--
Teamwork among Chicago news
papers and police resulted In
quick capture Of two Of the
city's IA most wanted fugitives.
The city's four major news.
papers printed pictures Of the
fugitives in yesterdays editions.
During the day officers seized
Edward Burgess. 20, who was No
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
DOROTHY THOMPSON
DOROTHY THOMPSON
A Stooge Government OF the West

No one can contradict Pres
ident Eisenhower's statement
before the American Bar As
ISOLATION that "a divided Ger
many cannot be supported BY
any arguments based on boun-
diaries. or language, or racial
origins"
Such considerations did not,
however, enter into the Yalta
decisions when dismember-
ment was specifically provided
for by the Big Three.
The Yalta papers record no
opposition from the United
States.
Stain, to be sure, pressed
the issue, but President 7oose-
welt heartily concurred. Neither
in the partition Of Germany.
nor in the partition Of Poland
to the benefit Of the USSR
and at the expense Of Ger
many. which was also con-
f1rmed at Yalta, did natural
boundaries or language, or
racial origins" enter into the
discussion.
The justification advanced
for German dismemberment
was security - the military
danger that might arise in
the future from a united Ger
man nation.
That a Germany divided be-
tween great powers might Gre
ate the even more formidable
danger Of a conflict between
them by contributing to the
ultimate subjugation Of Ger
many by her nearest and most
powerful neighbor; or encour-
aging the renaScence of that
very military spirit that par
tition aimed to avoid, was not,
apparently. foreseen by the
American President. And those
who ventured to criticize the
decisions on these grounds
when they finally were made
public much later1 found
themselves in a small and un-
popular minority In this coun-
try.
The processes Of history are
not easily reversible. Belated
appeal to principles is no sub
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
ills q Familiar Pattern, the Primitive
Wrestling With the Civilized to Stay

drift in. complete with rifles
and sidearIns. At a certain
point of evaporation, these
weapons pass from defensive
arms to the means of organ
lied reprisal, more efficient,
more dramatic. more deadly.
It Is the familiar pattern Of
the primitive wrestling with
the civilized; it is seen in one
form in Kenya In the British
struggle with the Mau Mau.
The end is not in sight until
peace fixes the borders and
enables them to be patrolled.
Meanwhile, Israel's aggressive
politicians have capitalized on
the general discomfort with a
government policy that will
not make war but cannot
achieve peace. The Herut.
successor to the terrorist Irgun.
and the Workers Party, CAM
paigning for "forceful and in
dependent" action to head OF
Arab infiltration. won about
70 per cent Of the vote in
early August.
This means that about one
fourth OF Israel voters think
the dominant Workers Party,
Mapai, is too soft" on the
Arabs. Mapai does not want
the extremists in the coali-
ton it must form, but it
would be silly to suppose that
the new government will not
be influenced by what it now
knows of the public temper.
The problem of forming q
government without the ex-
tremists will have another
effect unpalatable to intellec-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
DORIS FLEEsON

NAHAL-OZ, Israel.-At this
small. compact farm settle
ment, the political explana-
lions Of why extremists gained
ground in Israel's last cleo
lions begin to take on form
and meaning.
Nahal-Oz is the frontier. A
stones throw westward there
is the Egytian-controlled GAIA
strip with its barbed-wire bar
ricades and warning signs.
just south is the Negev, that
pie-shaped. arid-land bridge
between Africa and Asia which
Israel is determined to re-
claim for its expanding popu-
lation.
It would be stretching q
point to call the 30 white
washed cabins here even q vii
lage. but they are a portent
well understood on both sides.
They signify Israel's intention
to stay. to prosper and to
grow.
Embittered Arab refugees
who are crowded into the GAIA
strip slip across the border in
twos and threes, to steal, de-
stroy, and sometimes kill.
The United Nations commits
sion has heard evidence from
some of them that these in
cursions were officially planned
and armed.
How the settlers react is
forecast in the stop at Beer
sheba, the Negev capital. It's
principal cafe seems lifted
bodily from a Wild West NOV
ing picture and all the types
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Bill of Rights Protects the Government
AS Well as the Employe Of Government

cations would normally require
that he have access to CLASH
fed inforrnatioR or material
will be considered to hold a
sensitive position regardless Of
the duties and responsibilities
of his assignment"
One Of the many criteria
applied in hearing security
cases In the armed services
requires information about
membership in, afiiliation or
sympathetic association with
any association. move
fnent, group or combination Of
persons which is totalitarian,
Fascist, Communist or sub
versiye.v
But this is not all. Another
criterion is whether there is
Q sympathetic association"
or q CLOSE continuing associa-
ton with a person who has
engaged in activities or asso-
Citations of the, type referred
to in the regulations. In adj
dition, hearing boards must
ask questions to obtain the
following:
"Any facts which fur
nish reason to believe that the
individual may be subjected
to coercion, influence. or pres
sure which may cause him to
act contrary to the best in
terests Of national security.
Among matters which should
be considered in this category
would be the presence of q
spouse. parent, brother, sister,
or offspring In Q nation. q
satellite thereof, or an Occur
pied area thereof. whose in
tereSts are inimical to the In
terests Of the United States"
A hullabaloo was raised
recently when the executive
departments considered In
stances of Government en-
ployes with relatives behind
the Iron Curtain or cases
where q mother or father had
been In the Communist move
ment. These cases always
awaken public interest and
lots Of sympathy. but all the
background is rarely ex-
planned. It usually is inferred
that testimony about the 10y
atty and integrity Of the en-
ploye is all that's needed 20
clear an employee The real
question Is whether the United
States must take the risk Of
maintaining In its employ
persons who could be subs
jected to pressure or blackmail.
That's why the Presidents
executive order Of April 81,
1858. puts into precise form
the experience Of the previous
administration with security
risks By requiring that In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Israel Determined to Prosper

tual- and professional Israeli.
1t forces the Mapai into new
alliances with the conserva.
tive religious parties who win.
Of course, exact their toll.
For example, the courts OF
personal status operate under
religious laws, though the gov
eminent appoints the judges.
There is no civil marriage or
divorce in Israel. This cannot
now be changed. The religious
parties also want to end the
universal draft Of women into
the armed forces. Women
serve two years and learn TO
bear arms, though they are
generally put on the land or
into offices for most of their
time.
1t would make Mapai very
unhappy to abandon the draft
OF women and all they con-
tribute to planned expansion
and protection Of the borders.
In discussing present coaii-
ton problems. one British-born
intellectual In Jerusalem ex-
claimed passionately: Pro-
portional representation is the
graveyard of small democ-
racies. They begin by think
ing 1t is more fair, that It
Is necessary to give all the
elements in the population q
voice. But In today's world.
only the strong central govern
ment can be effective"
It is not likely to come soon
in Israel. Prime Minister Ben
Gurion spoke up for the British
system Of political constitu-
encies. The voters showed they
didn't like it. Mapai Is not In
q position TO impose its win
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
DAVID LAWRENCE

Which Is more Important
the safety of the United states
or.the continued assurance Of
q Government job to some in
dividuai about whom there is
q reasonable doubt as to
whether q foreign enemy could
subject him to pressure and use
him to its advantage?
This is the fundamental is
sue which Is overlooked in
many investigations and stud
les being started now to shift
the burden of proof and to
make It more and more diff
ficilt for the detective ageIl-
cies Of the Government to
fight against clandestine
enemies. For 1t isn't the vol
untary but the Involuntary
yielding under pressure which
brings trouble TO persons them
selves innocent yet with ties
to relatives behind the Iron
Curtain or with relationships
to persons In this country
duped by Communist intrigues.
Why should the American
Government take chances on
persons with doubtful connec-
tons?
The Senate Civil Service
subcommittee has decided to
give a lot Of time to taking tes-
timony from those who, while
wholly sincere In their belief
that o Government employee
must be protected at al costs.
seem to be unmindful Of the
main purpose of q security
program and the enemy's tech
niques. Today there is q tend
e1cy In some quarters to be-
little as 'sfarcically remote" or
trivial the questions that have
to be asked In a security hear
ing. There is much talk also
Of separating sensitive" and
"nonsensitive" positions, as If,
once inside o Government
building. an employees move
ments or associations can be
regulated with respect to con-
facts with persons In "sensi-
tive" and "nonsensitive" posi-
lions.
Few of the critics probably
have read the text Of the
regulations, for instance, Of
the Secretary Of Defense. One
regulation, which covers all
security cases in the armed
services, reads as follows:
IAN officer or warrant off,
Ger of the armed services
holds o sensitive position by
virtue of his commission or
warrant regardless of the
duties and responsibilities Of
the assignment. Likewise. an
enlisted member whose qualif1-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31

stitute for their application at
decisive historical moments.
But even now, when neg
lected principles are belatedly
asserted, they are not applied
equally.
When the President decried
the division Of Germany 1t
was assumed by most Of his
listeners. and perhaps by him
self. that he spoke of the divi-
sion between Western and
Eastern Germany.
But there Is also q division
between West and West.
The Saar has been detached
from Germany, and this also
cannot be supported by any
arguments based on bound
aries, or language, or racial
origins
The Saar Is as German as
the Rhineland or Bavaria or
Saxony. Here not even security
is the predominant considera-
ton. The Saar Is an industrial
region rich in basic war ma
terials which France wants.
The government of the "au-
tonomous. Saar, headed by
Premier Johannes Hoffman,.
is no less a stooge Of France
than the East European gov
ernments are stooges Of Russia,
and like them it has sup
pressed civil liberties.
In october, by agreement
between the French and the
West German governments the
Saar population viii vote
whether or not to vest their
foreign affairs and defense in
the West European Union,
while confirming Frances eco
nomic control Of the region.
Were the West European
Union q working fact. the for
eign affairs. defense. and eco
romic controls Of all Europe
would be vested in it. But
meanwhile the Saar is. and If.
the plebiscite confirms the
statute win continue to be,
divided politically from the rest
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31

Ia on the list. and Richard Szur
got, az, No. 4.
Szurgot was arrested by Sergt,
Joseph Meany. who said he saw
the man standing on a street
corner and recognized him from
Ia newspaper picture. Szurgot
was wanted for questioning about
q strongarm robbery.
A few hours later BURGESS
sought for questioning about rob-
berry and use of narcotics and for
escape, was caught in a theater
police said the tip apparently
came from o theater employe
who had seen the newspaper
pictures.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
IEnruged Citizen
Beuts Tex Official

DURHAM, South Africa, Aug.
81 P1.-An enraged taxpayer
was arrested yesterday after
beating up an income tax official.
/ The official, whose name was
not disclosed, told police the man
came into his Office with q tax
query, started an argument, hit
him six times as he sat at his
desk, pulled him upright and hit
him again, flung him from fling
cabinet to filing cabinet, hurled
him to the floor and began kick
ing him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Republican Senator Carlson says win cut next
year benefit the little This Is the first tip that
pubcans working kind Of loophole for wealthy
uidgets.
Senate committee investigates alleged Soviet spy who
died Great place Washington they aren't
investigating dead Communists. they're winng and dining
the living ones.
Three Russian military officers visit the Fort Benning
fany Next thing you know Of will
turn out to be dentist-and army viii give him spot
promotion.
Progress Under the Democrats
used to accept 12pound hams Now Gettysburg
they go the whole hog.
Rita Hayworth leaves her fourth husband Dick
Haynes It's the accessories Of modern life that bother Rita
Nowadays almost marriage equipped husband
Congressman Killings Of California says United States
Embassy In Moscow looks like pgpen You've got hand
to those Russians When they decide have agricultural
crisis they have it both outdoors and indoors.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31
Peak Rice Crop Seen

TOKYO, Aug. 81 R.-The
Agriculture Forestry Ministry to-
day estimated Japan's rice crop
this year at a record 377.400. 900
bushels. The old record was
1851 ,227 900 bushels in 1888.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31

GOD bless YOU!
-. Mr.. and Mrs. Greater Washington, for
proUing once again that People help People!
your relief local Red Cross
Chapter
stopped your teller
gave your
girls having
bazaars, pet and the like
:. business people quickly
Well appeal financial
It's for compete against each other endeavor
make this let disaster
strike competition stead the American ife is
united Of helping in
contributed will help the Red supply clothing
shelter supplies
the aid of fellow People helping People
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-31

NIT sufficient dredging to handle
the heaviest ships that will come
Through the seaway.