davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
The Obstruction

Here Is what the Communist Wet
Mini are doing to keep the refugees
from leaving the northern Red zone,
as reported from Wet Nam by Star
Correspondent Roper and by Wet
Namese ofiicials here.
l. They arrest organizers Of evacu-
alton movements and imprison them
In concentration camps.
2. They station troops among
Catholic groups and other units
asking permission to leave.
3. They try to bride people to
stay-with promises Of rice, cloth,
mats. and money.
Z. They encircle hamlets with
troops during the visits Of Interna-
tional Control Commission teams,
TO prevent the escape Of any who
may be encouraged 10 leave.
8. They ambush evacuation groups
along roads. waterways or ut cross
ings On the way to Haiphong, the
chief evacuation port.
8. They issue short-term permits
b svacuees. then refuse to extend
the expiration dates when the refu-
gees. most Of whom must walk, can
not reach the coast or the 18th
parallel exits.
7. They kidnap children to keep
the parents in the north.
Q. They spread rumors that
French evacuation ships are really
Soviet ships headed for Siberia.
Q. They entice would-be evacuees
into fake Control Commission hear
ings," then Jail the applicants for
ezit permits.
Father Patrick o'Connor, corre-
spondcnt Of The Catholic Stand
ard" reported recently that Wet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
CRUCIAL ARTICLE
IN GENEVA ACCORD
ON REFUGEE FLOW

Article lad of the Geneva
cease-fire agreement for Indo-
China clearly sets down the
right of all Wet Namese citi-
Zens, Communist or non-Com-
munist, to choose their place
of residence.
The article states:
From the date of entry into
force Of the present agreement
until the movement is COM
pleted. any civilians residing in
district controlled by one
party who wish to go and live
in the zone assigned to the
other party shall be permitted
and helped to do so by the
authorities In that district"
Troop regroupment must be
completed by May 10, three
weeks and four days from today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
the scenes than by . public propa-

the scenes than by . public propa-
ganda assault on them.
Under the armistice terms, Cam
adam officials point out. the COM
mission can only cajole. not en-
force. Its only other recourse is to
report serious violations to the
Geneva conference powers.
Retired Brig. Sherwood Lett,
chief Canadian representative on
the commission, says many per-
sons still want to go south. The
commission. he reports. is now con-
Quoting a survey to find out how
many there are. So far, he says,
investigating teams have been un-
able to substantiate charges that
Communists were blocking the
southwark movement. He added
that the commissions mobile sur
vey teams were meeting with full
cooperation" of the Communists.
Canada'S Foreign Minister Lester
B. Pearson comments, however. that
in the movement of refugees. "the
record is not satisfactory"
This has been matter of great
concern to u.s." Mr.. Pearson says.
Our representative has spared no
effort to see to it that the commits
sion does all within its power to
facilitate the movement of persons
from one zone to the other as pro-
vided in the armistice agreement
itself. In this the commission has
had some success, but it has also en-
countered many acknowledgements
ularly. it Is fair to add. because of
the obstructive tactics Of the Com
munist government in northern Wet
Nam"
Canada is now reported ready to
blast Red obstruction Of refugees
but not until 1t will be too late to
improve the situation. From Ottawa
there come rumors that the denun-
citation will be made one week be-
fore the May 19 deadline. From Wet
Nam, Mr.. Roper reports that Brig.
Lett may even wait until the dead
line has passed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
Quick Reaction

Obviously suspicious Of Peiping's
sincerity, the United States quickly
asked for more details Of Chou's
proposal.
The State Department. in a state
ment released yesterday afternoon,
set down one ironclad condition:
Nationalist China would have to
participate ''as an equal In any dis
cussion concerning the area" Chou
had not mentioned the Nationalist
Chinese at all.
In addition, the United States
proposed three methods for Chou
to prove Peiping's good inten-
tons"
First, place into effect an imme-
diate cease-fire In the Formosa
Strait.
Second, release the American air
men and others whom 1t unjustly
holds"
Third, accept "the outstanding in
vitation by the Security Council Of
the United Nations to participate
In discussions to end hostilities in
the Formosa region"
Thus very quickly Chou found
the Formosa hot potato tossed back
at him. The American motive, OBJ
viously, was to put him back on the
spot before his Asian and African
colleagues at Banding.
Nor had President Eisenhower al
lowed his European allies much time
to apply any pressure on him. He
was safely avoiding the question OF
de Jacto recognition Of the Peiping
regime by insisting that Red China
come to the United Nations If it
wanted talks. The frm policy to-
ward Communist China was still in
ofFact
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
Victory for Patience

Even If nothing further comes OF
his proposal, Chou's statement rep
resents q significant victory for the
United States policy of patience and
fortitude in the Formosa crisis. The
Red Chinese were playing an en-
tirely different tune last January.
when the United States tried to get
Peiping delegates to discuss For
mosa at the United Nations. Radio
Peiping shrilled:
I'VE are determined to liberate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
India

AS chairman of the international
Control Commission, midas mem
Der is perhaps the key figure.
Poland's member Is obviously q
Red; Canada's might be considered
Western" But the Indian Is sup
posed1y neutral"
India, however. has been slow to
see-or admit-that the Wet Mini
are guilty of gross violations Of the
Geneva pact. India's policy seems
to be to worry about strict legalisms
first and atrocities second. And be-
cause the control commission is
small. the Wet Mini have little
trouble in confusing every issue that
arises.
Only recently has India come
around to the realization that there
Is considerable monkey business
afoot. And even now. India still pre-
fers the undercover diplomatic ap-
proach to what might be called a
bull in the china shop" attitude.
She thinks more Wet Namese can
be moved by this means than by
moral and propaganda pressure.
This, OF course, was q defensible
position earlier in the truce period.
But now there are only three weeks
and four days left. Even If the Wet
Mimi were to relax, it would be hard
to move south by May 10 all those
who wish to 60.
There is really no realistic basis
for hope that the Wet Mimi will
extend the period for exchanging
would-be refugees.
But Indian representatives In
Washington believe that their gov
eminent would support any move
to extend the deadline beyond Its
May 10 expiration date.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
Canada

Special Correspondent Waring,
in Ottawa, reported last week that
Canada's primary concern is
permanent peace. Too big public
hubbub about Wet Mimi terror,
Canadian diplomats feel, might
split the commission wide open. end
its usefulness. and jeopardize the
truce.
This attitude leaves the refugee
problem in q place Of secondary
Importance.
Canada also believes that as a
practical matter, more can be &C
complished by pushing. proddins
and pressing the Wet Mini behind
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
REVIEW OF THE'WEEK
Hope for Asian Peace Bnqhtens
Red Chinese
Spokesman
Alters une

Hopes for peace in the Formosa
Strait suddenly improved yesterday
when Red China's Premier. Chou
En-lai, ostentatiously abandoned his
rigid policy Of refusing to negotiate
the internal squabble he Il hav-
ing with the Chinese Nationalist.
His obvious purpose was to pose
as man Of peace before the 28
other representatives ct the Afro
Asian conference at Banding, Indo-
nesia. All week he had been under
fire from several Asian and Middle
Eastern nations, led by Sir John
Kotelawala of Ceylon. They criti-
cized his talk of peace and anti
colonialism while at the very same
time he was stirring up wars
and practicing a form Of colonial
isrpp more harmful than the old,
fading Western variety.
Amidst reports from Warrington
and Taipei that the Communist
Chinese were progressing more rap
idly than expected in their build-up
Of air bases opposite Formosa. Chou
En-lai issued this formal statement
at Banding:
THE Chinese people are friendly
to the American people. The Chi
nese people do not want to have
war with the United States of
America.
1.-THE Chinese government is will
ing to sit down and enter into ne
gotiations with the United States
to discuss the question Of relaxing
tension in the Far East, especially
the question of relaxing tension in
the Taiwan (Formosa) area"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24

The Catholics, especially, have
been prosecuted. How many of these
Christians will escape-and what
will be the fate Of those who do not
ARE disturbing questions for the
future to answer.
The Geneva truce sets May 10 as
the deadline for movement of civil
fans across the 18th parallel. The
South Wet Nam government has de-
not succeeded in drumming UP much
enthusiasm among It's friends.
Meanwhile people In mortal peril
are losing their chance for freedom.
Many Nations Involved
This is not a matter to be. solved
by the governments Of North and
South Wet Nam alone. Other ma
lions have finger in the pie.
The French last year bought q
"truce with honor"-and free move
ment OF refugees was one OF the
main honor points.
The Communists like the
Wet Minh-are convenient frlends
of the Reds on the International
Control Commission, which theore-
tically is bound by the Geneva
agreement to enforce that pact's
provisions.
With the Poles on the Commits
sion are the Indians and Canadians,
whose supervision Of the truce could
be expected to be more objective.
The United States. too. is in
volved, as q leader in Asian affairs,
though not as signer Of the Geneva
agreement.
Yet none Of these third parties"
has raised an audible voice in pro-
test against gross breaches Of the
Geneva pact by the Red government
of North Wet Nam. Only the pitt
fully weak South Wet Namese gov
eminent has protested.
Why this apathy?
The Sunday Star has been trying
10 find out. It has tried in. North
and South Wet Nam. through its
correspondent, James e. Roper. 1t
has tried in Ottawa, where Canadian
Special Correspondent Gerald War
ing has confronted the External
Affairs ONCE with reports Of Red
obstructionism and terror. 1t has
tried in Washington and at the
United Nations. among spokesman
for the French, American, Indian
and Polish governments.
In all its searching, The Star has
found on the part Of most govern
ments only desire not to rock the
boat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24

Mimi troops attacked some 10000
unarmed Catholic refugees. They
fought back with poles and sticks.
Four Communist soldiers were killed,
so wounded The exact number Of
refugee casualties is unknown. but
it was large.
This tragic incident occurred just
after the Control Commission pro-
posed to investigate charges that
the Wet Mimi were blocking de-
partures in that area. The commits
sion was not allowed on the scene
until after the Wet Mimi had had
. chance to clean up the carnage.
French ships are forced to sneak
ANONYMOUSLY along the coasts at
night, picking up refugees clever
enough to evade the watchful Reds.
The Communists quite illegally pun
ish those whom they trap.
Typically, the Communist Wet
Mini use individual as well as mass
terror. One Catholic priest, Mr..
Roper reports. had chopsticks thrust
into his ears and was whipped with
sugar-cane stalks. Others were
shot, or paralyzed by blows on the
head.
While the control group admits 1t
knows these truce violations are
going on, it claims it cannot get
proof. 1t accepts the clinical evil
dence that the priests eardrums
were pierced. 1t does not accept
his testimony that his tormentors
were Reds.
The hapless refugees, of course.
have no protection except from the
control commission. And this group
either will not or cannot-at any
rate, does not-afford such protec-
ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24

and his top advisers may be willing
to defy Senator Knowland and other
right-wing Republicans and to
'normalize" relations with Commu-
mist China. Perhaps the first step
would be to acquiesce in a United
Nations move to admit the Peiping
regime. Later-probably much later
the United States might be in Q
mood to exchange ambassadors with
Red China.
These visions, Of course, are
brought only inches closer by Chou
En-lai's statement yesterday. Chou
is willing to wait long time for
United Nations recognition. He 10
ready to wait much longer for
United States friendship.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24

because Of It's inherent element Of
chance. II do not believe God plays
dice with the universe" Einstein
said.
His most famous finding appears
in formula at the top of this story.
1t shows that matter can be trans
formed into energy. and that when
this change occurs, tremendous
forces are released. Without this
discovery. there could have been no
atom bomb.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
American Policy

Since late last year, President Eli
senhower has had an "either-or"
policy in the Formosa area. Either
Chang and Chou accept the idea Of
peacefully co-existing, the one on
Formosa, the other on the mainland.
or the United States will help
Chang maintain his position on
Formosa.
The keystone of Americas For
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24
Reds F|out Truce Rules, Get Away
With Murderin North Wet Nam
BY EARL H. VOSS

The Communist government of North Wet Nam is killing
torturing kidnapping and failing anti Communists who want
to exercise the right to flee to free South Wet Nam.
Little is being done about it.
OF estimated II million people north of the 18th
parallelncludng million Roman Catholics-only $4,000
have managed escape Communism These have gone
to freedom less because of last summers Geneva
than in spite of Red obstructonism and terror.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-04-24

Einstein didn't talk a great deal.
However. some people thought he
talked too much-especially when
he spoke out politically.
But IL there are people on earth
10000 years from now. they win
remember Einstein for his mathe-
rnatics and physics. not for his poll
tics. And II there are no people on
earth In that far distant time. 1t
may be because Einstein's rare mind
discerned In 1905 that E-mc2.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
Deaths
Mrs. Peter kashiuski

Mrs. Peter Kashinski, known to
Euclid Little Theatre and WIKI
fans as Lee Rocco died Christmas
morning at her home, 1859 Page
ave-, following several months
illness. Services were held Decem-
Der 2Sth.
Mrs. Kashinski was depart
ment manager at Bonwit- -Tellers.
She is survived by her husband,
Peter.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
Announce Classes
For New Parents

Do you know some one who is
expecting a baby? Call HE 2-0700
for complete information about the
Expectant Parents Glasses con-
Quoted by the Visiting Nurse Asso-
citation Of Cleveland.
Expectant mothers may attend
classes at Euclid-Glenville Hos
pital, 101 East 1S5th ST., OF Mon
day evenings beginning February
18th, or during the day at East
Cleveland Library, 14101 Euclid
ave-. beginning January Goth or
March 1st. An evening group for
employed mothers is offered at the
VIVA. Building.
In ten weekly lessons mothers
to-be discuss with the registered
nurse many helpful and practical
ideas to prepare them for the
new experience Of having a baby
and caring for him with ease and
confidence. Second and third time
mothers are, of course, welcomed
TO the classes.
For expectant fathers a series Of
five lessons especially adapted to
their needs and interests is offered
on Thursday evening at the VIVA.
Building.
A nominal fee is charged for
these classes. Advance registra-
tion by phone is requested. Re-
member the number, HE 2-0700.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
Men Nurses In
Great Demand

A survey by the Cleveland Hos
pital Council reveals that there are
SO immediate vacancies for gradu-
ate mail practical nurses in Coun-
Gil member hospitals, it is re-
ported by Thomas d. Griffiths,
Council executive secretary.
Hospitals have nowhere near
the number of male practical
nurses they need, so opportunities
in this field are great" Griffiths
said in conjunction with the cur
rent program to enroll men as
well as women in the accredited
practical nurse training course CO.
cponsored by the Council and the
Cleveland Board Of Education. HE
is especially needed in the surgical
and medical divisions of the hos
pital. in the surgical suite, emer-
gency room, out-patient depart
ment, psychiatric division, and
urology division.
The next practical nurse class
starts January Both and is open
TO applicants II to 50 years of
age who must meet the health and
scholastic requirements. Applicants
under % must have completed the
tenth grade; those over %, the
eighth grade.
The accepted student will get
four months of classroom work
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
ORDINANCE NO. 1906
De-. NJ. H.

BY: Mr.. Horan
AN EMERGENCY ORDI-
NANCE TO AMEND ORDI-
NANCE NO. 4761, PASSED
NOVEMBER II, 1858, AND
BEING THE ZONING ORDI-
NANCE. SO CALLED, OF
THE CITY OF EAST CLEVE-
LAND. BY THE ADDITION
OF SECTION 1.O38 AND BY
AMENDING SECTION 5.7O4.
WHEREAS. the Board of Zoning
Appeals, after due consideration
and public hearing at it's meeting
on December 21, 1866, recommend
ed that Ordinance No. 4761, being
the Zoning Ordinance, so called. be
amended by the addition of Sec
ton 1.038 and by amending Section
5.704, and
WHEREAS, an emergency exists
for the immediate preservation of
the public peace, property. health
and safety to further define and
limit drive-in restaurants.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT
ORDAINED by the Commission of
the City of East Cleveland. Ohio,
fOur-fifths Of all members elected
thereto concurring.
SECTION /: That Ordinance No.
4761, passed November II. 1858,
and entitled; can Emergency Or
dinance providing for the district
ing or zOning of the City of East
Cleveland and providing for the
use. height. size and area of prop
erty, and the alignment and set
back of buildings and structures
pursuant to Section 85B of the
Charter of the City of East Cleve-
land, ETC." be amended by the addi-
tion of the following Section 1.038:
"SECTION 1.038: A 'drive-in
restaurant is lunch room. res
taurant, or place for the sale
and consumption of soft drinks.
juices, ice cream. food and bever-
ages of all kinds where any or all
of the customers are served in
automobiles parked on the street
or on the premises"
SECTION 2: That Section 5.704
Of said Ordinance No. 476l. passed
November II, 1898, WhIch section
5.104 reads as follows:
"SECTION 5.7O4: Letter "D"."
be and the same is hereby amended
TO read as follows:
SECTION 5.704: LETTER ID"
Drive-ln restaurant.
SECTION 3: That this ordinance
is hereby declared to be an emerg-
gency measure necessary for the
immediate preservation of the pub
lie peace, property. health and
safety by further defining and linn
iting drive-in restaurants. and pro-
vided it receives the affirmative
vote of four-fifths of all members
elected TO the City Commission, it
shall take effect and be in force
from and after its passage; other
wise, it shall take effect and be in
force from and after the earliest
period allowed by law.
Passed: December 27. 1858
Attest: Isl G. T. APTHORP
Clerk of the Commission
Published: December 29, 1855
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
A Tax Calendar
Just In Case

Reports? Yes, everyone will be
making them out within the next
few weeks, and to avoid slipping
up on any of them, Mr.. U. S. Tax
Collector offers the following re-
minders for persons and firms hav-
ing obligations to meet with Uncle
Sam.
JAN. l6-Payment date on the
final installment of the 1866 esti-
mate Of income taxes. Farmers are
to file their 1866 estimates and pay
the estimated tax in full.
JAN. 3l-Employers must file
returns showing income and social
security taxes withheld in the last
quarter of 1856 Form 941). With
holding statements (W-2) must be
furnished to employees by or be-
fore this date.
FEB. 15-Final individual income
tax return for 1866 due for farmers
on a calendar-year basis, in lieu of
the amended estimate due Jan. 16.
FEB. 28-Employers must file
information returns on interest and
dividend payments or payments to
employees not covered by with
holding tax receipts.
MARCH 15-Due date Of calen-
dar-year tax returns for corpora
tions and payment of 500 of the
tax.
APRIL 16-Individual income tax
returns are due. 1t also starts the
new tax year rolling for taxpayers
on the estimated tax plan. They
must file their 1856 tax estimates
and pay the first quarters taxes.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
New Books At
Your Library

Books added to the East Cleve-
land Public Library are:
NOn-FictiOn
"Philanthropy's Role in Civiliza-
tion, by A. c. Marts; From Zero
to Infinity", by Constance Reid !;
Field Book of American Wild
Flowers, by F. s. Mathews; "The
World We Live In, Life (Perio-
dicaD; Cocktail Supper Cook
book, NJ. X. Flexner; Railroad
ing Around the World", S. K.
Farington; Furniture You Can
Build, Bill Baker; "Set Ceramic
Tile Yourself, n. NJ. Raskhodoff; 4;
"The New Yorker 1950-1955 AL
bum, The New Yorker; "The Abe
Burrows Song Book, c. A. Duran;
Town Hall Tonight, H. r. Hoyt;
Creation and Discovery" Eliseo
Vivas; Ragged Edge, NJ. w.
Childs: "Pierre Toussaint", A. T.
Sheehan.
Fiction
"Up Home, Ardyth Kennedy;
Lost Wagon. J. A. Kielgaard;
"Look of the Eagle, r. l.. Scott;
Selected Novels Of c. Bernard
Shaw, c. Is. Shaw.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
New Records At
Your Library

Records added TO the East Cleve-
land Public Library include:
lie Corsaire Overture by Hector
Louis Berlioz, Chas. Munich con-
Quoting.
Peter Pan, by Mark Charlap,
with Mary Martin and Cyril Ritch-
ard.
Girl Crazy. by George Gershwin,
with Mary Martin and others.
Babes In Arms, by Richard
Rodgers, and Romeo and Juliet,
with Mary Martin and others.
Bandwagon, by Arthur Schwartz,
with Mary Martin.
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, by
Jules Styne, with Carol Charming.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
Ordain Rector

A representative membership
from St. Paul's Episcopal Church
will go to Mansfield, Ohio on Sun
day, January 7th, 1856 to attend
the ordination services for their
assistant rector, Mr.. Robert f.
Schrack.
St. Paul's rector, the Rev. Canon
Laurence H. Hall will present Mr..
Schrack to the Rt. Rev. Beverley D.
Tucker, retired Bishop of Ohio, for
the ordination. A luncheon will fol-
low the services.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29
Golden Wedding

Another gay holiday party was
the golden wedding observance by
Mr.. and Mrs. John E. Clark of
1865 Pennington rd. They were
married in Sweetwater, Tenn. and
came here in 1923. Mr.. Clark, a
real estate broker was formerly an
employee of Fisher Body Co.
The couple has two children, Mrs.
William Picknor of Warren, Ohio,
and James of Louisville, Ky. Five
grandchildren complete the family
circle.
East Cleveland leader. [volume] (East Cleveland, Ohio) 1942-1970, 1955-12-29

before going into a hospital for
eight months of practical expert
ence. During this latter period the
student is paid 500 a month.
Men and women interested in
applying for this fully accredited
coudse should contact Jane Ad-
dams Vocational High School,
4940 Carnegie ave.