davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03

One Of the easiest ways to
help wandering animals during
the hot days is put out a shall
low pan or saucer of water.
A bird bath placed level with
the ground is a good solution.
The water should never be
deeper than 2 inches.
Not only dogs. cats, squir-
rels and tortoises love these
low-placed bowls, but now and
then larger game, such as rab-
bits and opossums, come to
them in suburban areas.
A voice on the telephone the
other day lectured us mildly
for stating that cats did not
need as much water as dogs.
Well. it Is so, but we know
what the lecturer meant.
She believes, and she is
right, that there are plenty of
cats that do drink a good deal
Of water. Sometimes this is
caused by kidney disease. but
there are individual animals
that at times do drink a great
deal.
The cat as well as the dog
loves nothing better than run
ming right into a pan Of fresh
water. It pleases the minds as
well as the tongues.
This is the easiest thing in
the world to provide. The
heat nudges one into drinking.
People seem to prefer water
with sugar in it, but animals
want theirs straight.
Nor are the four-legged
creatures sticklers for santa
ton. The water may have
leaves in it, and a worm or two,
along with several hard-shelled
beetles, but all these make no
difference to the honest dog
on the prowl.
He does not mind in the least
II the water is warm or even
hot.
The cat may be flnicky. as
compared to the canine mem
bers of the population. but he
likes his sip now and then.
Il II \ Il
The wandering box turtle
finds luxury as well as drink
in a shallow bath.
He pokes his head tenta-
lively over the edge, then anu
bles In, and remains with his
shell immersed. his head on its
long neck sticking UP out Of
the water.
There he will stay for sew
eral minutes, for all the world
like some memory Of ancient
days, when giant, serpentlike
creatures ruled land and sea.
Lily pools should have q
shallow area along the edges.
where birds and small animals
may come to drink.
Such formal constructions
are not necessary; the wild
creatures are after water in
the heat. and even q puddle
seems good to them.
The wildbirds often fail to
drink as much in summer as
the human watcher expects.
In our own yard we have
four baths for them, including
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03

A map Of approximately
1000, 900, 000. 000. 900. 100000
time-space miles, which II
about three-fourths Of crea-
ton that can be observed
from the earth. -.
Sucn Is the atlas Of the
heavens being prepared by the
National Geographic Society
on the basis Of the sky survey
which it Is conducting In CO.
operation with California In
stitute of Technology and the
Mount Palomar Observatory.
During the past three dec
AIDES, mans conception Of the
universe In which he lives has
undergone changes so revolu-
tionary that the impact has
been lost on most minds.
Thirty years ago astronomers
generally rested on q concep-
ton Of q system Of not much
more than 100. 000. 900. 900 stars,
Of which the sun was q fair
average, although there were
some q million times bigger
and some q million times
smaller. All this was inclosed
in an area which light, moving
at close to zoo. 900 miles q sec
ond, could cross In about i00,-
900 years. Today this idea is
as antiquated as the Ptolemaic
astronomy that preceded Co
pernicus with its concept Of a
central earth around which
everything else revolved.
The findings on which is
based this revolutionary
change in ideas have been an
nounced piecemeal from OBJ
servatories all over the world.
Up to now there has been no
co-ordinated pulling together
Of the whole. The National
Geographic Society and Cal
Tech have undertaken this job
and this week the society is
publishing the first section of
its giant atlas.
The survey up to now in
cludes only that part Of the
heavens which can be observed
from Mount palomar. Much OF
the area visible only from the
Southern Hemisphere will be
included later.
The great turning point
came in the middle twenties
when the late DR.. Edwin Hub
Bile at the Carnegie Institu-
tons Mount Wilson Observa-
tory was able to distinguish
separate stars in a mysterious
luminous area In the general
direction Of the northern con-
stellation Of Andromeda. Some
Of these stars happened to be
Of the type known as Cepheid
variables, whose periods Of
waxing and waning light can
be used to estimate their dis
lance. From this came the as
founding deduction that they
were almost b million light
years from the earth and that
the Andromeda nebula was
approximately the size Of the
whole Milky Way system. The
size Of known creation was
doubled. In the next few years,
as other island universes"
were found, it was tripled,
quadrupled, sextupled.
Then came the finding,
chiefly associated with the
name Of Prof. Harlow Shapley
Of Harvard. that these "uni-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03

opponents OF Senator NC.
Carthy gloat over what they
consider his "come-uppance."
They have a childish srnugness
about the fact that Mccarthy
may have less support today
than he had q couple Of years
ago. Internationally they pay
him a real compliment when
they say Mccarthy has not
changed. meaning to further
disparage him. Why should he
change? He has not been
proved wrong In his hunt for
Communists in the Govern
ment and defense plants. He
was not censured by the Sen
ate for anything he did in
connection with investigating
communism. He was censured
for not being polite to a Sen
ate committee and some Of its
members. A lot Of people were
not polite to McCarthy's COM
mittee and other committees,
too. Some were Senators. They
were not censured, but then
they were not fighting commu-
nism either.
McCarthy's opponents say his
methods were an unhealth-
full thing in American life. Is
the Communist infiltration in
our Government and defense
plants q healthful thing? Nc
earthly attacked only Commu-
nistic activities.
The Communists are the ones
who can afford to be SNUG.
They succeeded (only tempo
rarily. I hope) in lulling many
to sleep to such an extent that
one hesitates to suggest that
the Communists would even
think Of infiiltrating our Gov
eminent. Let me ask q simple
question. Is the American Gov
eminent trying to infiiltrate
the Soviet government with
agents? II not. why not?
Now that Senator Mccarthy
is shackled, must we believe
that the Communists are sat
= isfied. that they will not grab
our secrets, that they will
withdraw any agents in stra-
tegic spots. that they are not
building up "cells" in America?
Need we worry? OF course not,
we have very intelligent, we'll
hammered people on the look
out. people who would not be
SO boorish as to suggest that
some Of our Government EN-
ployes may be disloyal.
May Mccarthy never change
his purpose to root out commu-
nism, to warn Of appeasement,
to keep his eye on the real
enemy -- the enemy within.
Mccarthy had what it takes to
fight communism in America.
What is the name Of the man
who Is doing his job today?
Security, thy very name is
narcoticl
]. e. s.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
Challenge to Peiping

Ever since last April, Red China's
leaders have been protesting that they
earnestly desire peace and want no war
with the United States. At the same
time, however, they have continued to
talk about "nberating" Formosa, and they
have done so in language sufficiently
ambiguous to suggest that they still may
be contemplating the use of armed force
against the Nationalist stronghold OF
Chang Kai-shek.
Accordingly, In view Of this back
ground, Secretary of State Dulles has
issued an altogether pertinent and timely
challenge in calling upon Peiping to put
an end to present doubts by unequivocally
aff1rming-in one or two simple declara-
tive SentenceS-that 1t renounceS any
idea Of resorting to military action in an
effort to attain its goals in Formosa
Strait. Quite obviously, as long as it de-
clineS to make such an affirmation, 1t
will be keeping alive the impression that
it Is committed to go to war, sooner or
later, in that area-war not merely with
Chiang's forces, but with our allied
American forces as well.
But conversely, as MIR. Dulles has in
dicated, If Peiping stands before the world
and pledges itself against using force in
this situation, it will be adding a new
measure of responsiveness to its talk
about peace. More than that, it will be
taking significant tension-easing step
that could lead from the current Geneva
ambassadorial discussions to high-level
Sino-American conference that could do
much to lay the groundwork for sound
Far Eastern settlement. In short, every
thing considered, If they are really sin
cere about not wanting war with us, Red
China's leaders have no reason not to
respond promptly and af1lrmatively to
the challenge-and opportunity-ofered
by Mr. Dulles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
Mystery and immensely of Creation

verses" were grouped together
In families Of uniyerses-that
there were metagalaxies. or
galaxies Of galaxies. This
puny little Milky Way galaxy.
Of which the solar system
might be considered at best q
billionth part. became a very
small thing indeed in the de-
veloping picture Of creation.
Among the notable achieve
ments Of the National Geo.
graphic Society-Cal Tech sky
survey. just announced by the
society. Is the finding OF more
than q thousand Of these
galaxies Of galaxies. The APP
proximate position Of all OF
them Is recorded in the new
atlas.
Very early in the galaxy
hunt, long before the sky sur
vey was started, came a star
ting and paradoxical develop
ment. The great star systems
were moving away from the
Milky way galaxy. The speed
Of their outward movement
increased with their distance.
It increased approximately 300
miles per second per million
light years.
This fact was inexplcable
on any common sense" n.y.
pothesis. Fortunately some
years earlier probably the
greatest intellect the world has
known had advanced o hy-
pothesis that made complete
nonsense of common sense.
Upon the basis Of Einsteins
work a Belgian priest, Father
Lemaitre, was able to put
forth q logical explanation for
the phenomenon-that all the
matter In all the galaxies was
once q compact mass which
got so complicated that it ex-
ploded and that all the bodies
of creation were fragments OF
this mass still flying apart
from the explosion.
Father Lenaitre was at one
time a visiting professor at
Catholic University here in
Washington. One day he held
a press conference attended by
q reporter who was q stickler
on common sense theology.
"Do you mean to stand
there and tell me, reverend
sir, that you don't believe the
story of creation in Genesis"
asked the reporter.
Father Lemaitre was set back
for a minute but not bafhed.
my dear young lady," he
answered, "there have been
many creations and many
kinds Of creations.
This answer. of course, the
reporter didn't comprehend.
It's a little aside from the
point-but the National Geo
graphic star survey has found
galaxies receding at a speed Of
$4,000 miles a second-a fifth
of the speed of light. How
many millions Of light years
that represents involves arith-
metic too involved for any,
body who gets fined every year
for income tax errors due pri-
marily to stupidity.
But there is no reason to
believe that the worlds most
powerful telescopes have pene-
trated more than a fifth Of
creation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES {. TRACEWELL

two sunk In the ground. The
number of bird bathers has
fallen off sharply since the
days got very hot.
Our observation shows that
many species, and especially
the Starlings, do more bathing
in winter than in spring and
summer.
Our explanation is that they
are too busy raising their
young to battle.
Another may be that nature
has other ways of taking care
of them. This is the time Of
juicy fruits and berries, and
these supply all the moisture
they need, perhaps.
Squirrels seem to drink very
little.
They, too. are fond Of fruits.
among which we may include
the red ripe tomato.
Often householders fume be-
cause the squirrels are carrying
of their tomatoes.
This Is another case Of much
fuss about nothing. The loss
by squirrels is very small, COM
pared with the total crop. Only
in those few cases in which the
animal seems to be deliberately
spelling tomatoes is there any
just reason for anger. People
often grow much too red in the
face over these small trifles.
This is bad for their blood
pressure.
Depredations by small ami
mails mostly are not worth
bothering about, really. At
times, and under certain con-
ditions, they may do some
little damage. but it Is not in
the same class with indiffer-
ence by officials and others.
The worst thing in a neigh
borhood will not be damage
done by squirrels or other wild
ones, but the failure of some
one or someone's to pave a
broken piece Of sidewalk.
Neither the damage nor the
neglect can be laid to the
squirrels, despite their sharp
teeth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
ing actually know what 1t
would mean? Must we make a
bargain with them?

ing actually know what 1t
would mean? Must we make a
bargain with them?
To begin with, etc viii
make very sure that the bur-
den Of the greater part Of the
costs win fall on the shoulders
Of the District. Then II he is
allowed to hquidate. he could
sell every bus. every trolley.
every bit Of maintenance
equipment, every shop, barn
and garage. and every piece Of
land held by etc. After ac-
complishing this he has already
stated via the press that he can
still guarantee his stockhold-
ers IL or Is per cent on their
holdings.
How then, may I ask, would
the Commissioners plan on OPP
Grating any kind Of transporta-
ton service within the District
minus everything. but their
will?
Oh yes. employees have for
the most part shown up at
their jobs-but does anyone
care how2 Those giving rides
must leave home as much as
an hour earlier to operate a
pickup service. as q favor:
those accepting rides must also
leave home very early for the
convenience: many who can
not negotiate rides must pay
for taxis, whether they can at
ford It or not. How long can
this situation 60 on?
AS for removing all car
tracks in the city, how many
can remember all the Difficult
ties the buses have making
hills and inclines in the snow
and ice? Streets like Connecti-
cut avenue from Woodley road
to Macomb street: all Of Mas
sachuSettS avenue, Klingle
road, etc. Let the remaining
tracks stay-if only for emer-
gencies.
II. L. III.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
Guns and Citizens

I have read the Get Rid Of
That Gun" article in the mag
azine section Of The Sunday
Star. and I don't like 1t. The
idea Of removing pistols from
private ownership Tin order to
prevent crime) is un-American
and definitely does not work.
You can never disarm the
criminal by disarming the cit
lien. The sportsmen, the pa
triots, and all people who I'M
derstand guns know that this
is true. I hope you take more
care in selecting gun articles
for publication in the future
than you did with this one.
Richard J. O'Rorke.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
Nobody Wins

There may be disposition to regard
the transit legislation as a victory. We
fear that as its full meaning untolds it
viii be recognized as defeat.
The legislation is a defeat of the
principle that recommendations by pub
lie officials for legislation, and the legis-
lation itself, should be free Of prejudice
and vindictiveness. That principle has
been ignored. Even in the final stages
Of the emotional hinge of which the legis-
lation is product, the desire to destroy
the company and to punish its stock
holders was predominant. Language re-
fiecting that desire was adopted in con-
ference last night which had not been
covered in the bills sent to conference.
It's meaning is still unclear. It may
create new obstacles to resumption Of
service.
The legislation Is defeat of the
principle that the maintenance Of free
enterprise in our economy, even when
functioning in the public interest, de-
ponds as much upon recognition and
protection Of the rights of ownership as
the rights of labor. The legislation is
very apt to force slap-happy, implanted
form of public ownership on this COM
munity without consideration Of means
by which it might have been avoided.
It's one-sided approach, its complete dis
regard of problems faced by all mass
transit operations in the country, are sub
ject to no other Interpretation.
The legislation is defeat for the
local taxpayer. If the Commissioners can
reach settlement with the union, which
has been even more arbitrary in its de-
mands than the company has been in
resisting them, the cost Of that settle
ment is brazenly charged to the tax
payers Of Washington. That, however, is
only the beginning. Once the union
becomes attached to the public payroll,
once the city Is forced into the purchase,
the operation and the maintenance OF
the equipment required to furnish public
transportation, we shall see debt added
to the deficits already calling for another
heavy tax increase.
For the immediate present, we must
await three important developments:
/. The decision Of the company and
its stockholders on making an agreement
with the Commissioners for operation
during the next year. The last-minute
complication in this respect was injected
into the conference report, without previ-
GUS debate or consideration, when the
company's charter was revoked along
with its franchise. There were conflict
ing interpretations as to what this meant.
If the revocation Of its charter Is imme-
date, as Senator Morse and Commits
sioner Mclaughlin indicated last night,
the ability of the company thus dissolved
to make any agreements with anybody
is subject to question.
2. The ability of the Commissioners
to make acceptable terms with the strik-
ing union, and the cost Of such terms
to the public.
3. The ability Of the Commissioners
to make arrangement with "other in
terests" for the operation OF a transit
company in this city, now or in the
future. The Senate was told that 1.-THE
Commissioners are quite confident that
they will be able to do So" This alleged
confidence was basis for resulting
legislative action. We hope the Commits
sioners will now reveal Its substance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03

@. What is the average num-
Der Of police per 1000 popu-
lation in United States cities2
What about traffic police?
K. T. A.
A. For all cities over 10000
population. the average is Las.
a slight increase in the past
five years. Traffic police range
from a total of 1888 in New
York City to one, reported by
each of 8 cities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used II
letters carry aDriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conde1s-
SGtion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03
Questions and Answers
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

A reader can get the answer to any
question Of fact by writing The
Evening Star Information Bureau
1900 Eye st NV. washington 5.
d. c. Please inclose cents for
return postage
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-03

@. To what religious denom-
nation does Walter P. Reuther
belong?--E. G.
A. The Lutheran.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
MONTGOMERY COUNTY SENTINEL CT
1855 - CENTURY EDITION - 1855
Musicales: A Trial for All
Both Then and Now

Judging of the time charity musicales Of
the late 18th century trial to all who attended
The following of these affairs is from the JAM
90 1893 number of the Anonymous News small published
at Norbert by John E. the of fellow
berS of the Anonymous Club.
walked n and having undergone the agonies of being
introduced about fifteen sixteen dmsels and the still
greater agones trying entertain them for the
time the of announced that the
first thing the piano duet by Misses Ramsey
and Teadwe Then having enoned silence he sat down The
ladies divided the keyboard into equal parts and
menced galop them at fearful Guido
the other Fortunately the assembled company the melody CD
not long drawn
Then dressed in the most correct evening
costume with his hair pompadoued and the ends of his moustach
Waxed to needle points who solo, his music being
between the owl and nightingale Then followed duet
and his wife which very well re- 1ered
Next recitation of the dried order Another
lady then soed amidst applause meant think to drown her
voice. quaree followed by of the elite crapshooter,
hosler and bareeper together with tnerant blind fiddler
Their of the best though.
Ihe barkeep then favored CD with solo in basso
proundo voice which literally speaking brought down the house.
and throughout the programme
after the music O
the room crowded it was impossible"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
Walks Rolled Up
BY Blue LdWs
For 200 Years

For more than two centuries
prior to June 1, 1884, they
pulled the sidewalks up" in
Montgomery County on Sunday.
Under Blue Laws originally pass.
ed in 1923 and strengthened
from time to time all entertain.
ment and sports events for which
admission was charged were out.
lawed on the Sabbath.
Then the fall, 1888, session of
the Maryland Legislature dras.
tically relaxed the Blue Laws.
After June /, 1884, theaters were
allowed to operate after 2 pm.
on Sunday. Such athletic events
as baseball, golf, tennis, croquet,
basketball, lacrosse, soccer and
hockey" were permitted on Sun.
day between 2 and 6 pm. pro.
vided they were not within 100
yards Of any existing, perma.
nent church edifice where re.
ligious services are being held"
Any Skinner" violating the re.
Taxed Blue Laws was subject TO
500 fine.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
Indignant Letter
Protested Shift
In Road Names

In letter to the editor of the
SENTINEL, published in the edi-
ton of May %, 1881, Clifford II.
Robertson of Knowles Station,
improperly called Kensington"
protested the remaining of coun-
ty roads on localities.
"The old roads and by-ways of
this county have history connect
ed with our forefathers and of
which we are justly proud and
wish to perpetuate," stated Mr..
Robertson. He claimed that
Williamsburg" was the original
name of Rockville, and that "Off-
utt's Cross Roads" was the orig
inal name of Potomac.
The irate letter.writer square.
ly placed the blame for the
name-changing, I'VE, the descend.
ants of the old families of this
county say to those who are try
ing to change our history and
blot out those monuments dear
to many of US, for no other pur-
pose than commercialism we
will protest to the fullest extent"