davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-01
THIS AND THAT
BY CHARLES {. TRAcEWELL

very little chance Of doing
anything about 1t.
Whereas, among humans,
cruelty is q thing that may
be frowned upon. and maybe
in the course Of time ended, at
least to some extent.
The field is wide. Charles
Dickens was the first. perhaps.
among moderns, to do some-
thing about cruelty. We no
longer beat little children. as q
rule, or put people into prison
for debt. 1875 Ga
In his wake came q whole
field OF reformers, doing some
thing about cruelty among
humans. But still there Is a
wide gap between desire and
performance. It will be hun
dreds Of years. no doubt, be-
fore cruelty can be ended.
but it win be ended, someday.
provided we do not end 1t all
by blowing ourselves up with
bombs. thus making the world
inhabitabIe for the lowly crea-
lures.
**#
From a practical standpoint,
it is much better to overlook,
II one can, what the wild
creatures do to each other.
It Is almost impossible to
right things. anyway, because
the brutes, as we say, are not
self-conscious. You cannot
reason with q blacksnake.
Many persons believe that
creatures caught and eaten
are mercifully given o sort Of
anesthesia by nature, that is.
while being eaten they are
numbed to a point where 1t
does not hurt.
Scientists have found this
true Of insects. and believe 1t
true of the higher animals.
The well known instance Of
q snake charming" bird
shows that there may be some
thing to this idea.
A love for nature must in
clude some belief. however.
small. that all matters In ma
ture somehow work out to
good. and that what the in
dividual human watcher sees
for himself Is only a very tiny
part Of the stupendous whole.
In other words, It does no
good to be irked by what one
sees, when what one does not
see does not bother one at all.
There is something to this
idea, just how much depends
upon the individual. We be-
lieve that the human observer
does best for himself. at least,
II he manages to take all he
sees in his stride, and not get
too upset because all Is not
exactly as he would order 1t. II
he could.
He can't. that is the plain
fact. So why worry?
II you must worry, why not
try humanity?
There is something to worry
about! 9 b
Evening star., 1955-07-01
[God,sCountry

President Eisenhower recent
ly said, and rightly. that what
makes our country great is not
its immense industry and
wealth, but its flaming pulpits
which continuously and un-
ceasingly teach and expound
the Word OF God to its citi-
zens. OF course this is the
reason why America is so far
ahead of all other nations,
and always will be.
Any thoughtful person can
plainly see that the countries
that do not put God at their
head and worship Him are
backward, ignorant and des-
perately poor, and always will
be, no matterthow much money
we pour into them trying to
help them. The same is true
Of any country which is church
ridden and church ruled.
l subscriber.
Evening star., 1955-07-01

@. When did we begin the
present day custom of making
up the names of organizations
from the initials Of the success
sive words or syllables which
compose them?--E. I. r.
A. The tendency was already
current in World War I. when
names like ANZAC and DORA
were in common use in Britain.
BY 1880 they were a recognized
part Of current American
speech, and rapidly Increased
In numbers when the many
New Deal agencies produced
what was popularly known as
as alphabet soup" Names OF
this Kind are called "acronyrns.
One of the longest--if not the
Evening star., 1955-07-01

At least 20-probably more
than 4o-of the $1,000 TO 20.-
900 genes, invisibly minute
units Of heredity. in human
beings--are directly concerned
with mentality and behavior.
This Is the conclusion. after
an extensive study. reported TO
the American Psychological
Association by Or. H. H.
Strandskov, University of Chi
cago professor Of zoology. The
deduction indicates q very
considerable influence Of ones
ancestors on ones intelligence
Ia conclusion that has been
widely disputed. It also indi-
Gates o considerable danger to
brains. mans most precious
possession. from mutations
which may be induced by
radiation and preserved by
nurture.
Not only the genes alone
but their locations in the
chromosome chains act as de-
terminants Of intelligence and
behavior, DR.. Strandskov says.
He believes it is quite possible
that one member Of q series Of
genes at one chromosome lo-
cation may be responsible for
a particular form Of mental
deficiency and another mem-
Der responsible for some form
Of abnormal behavior not di-
rectly associated with intelli-
gence. Even the same gene in
different combinations or ur1-
der varying conditions Of en-
vironment might express It
self in either Of two ways.
Environment Not Discounted
There Is no purpose. the
Chicago biologist declares. to
discount the enormous effects
Of environment on the devel-
opment Of intelligence. But
environment must have the
genetic constitution as q foun-
dation.
Many types Of mental def
cheney. DR.. Strandskov points
out in his report. have been
shown to be inherited in q
relatively simple manner. In
one unusual form Of imbecility
called phenylpyruvic oligo-
phrenia the victims are known
to be the result Of single
gene. Studies in both the
United States and Germany
have shown that among gene
tically Identical twins. If one is
mentally deficient the chances
Evening star., 1955-07-01
Wis TAS IN SCIENCE E
By THOMAS r. HENRY
Heredity,s Role in Intelligence

are about 90 per cent that the
other win be mentally def-
cient. Identical twins. both.
from the same maternal egg.
presumably have exactly the
same heredity. Among ordi-
nary twins. whose actual
heredity may be quite differ-.
ent. the probability Is only At
per cent. !.
In a second group involving
abnormal behavior many spe-,
cific instances are known. IN
cluding one type Of St. Vitus'
dance and certain forms Of
ataxia and epilepsy. Recent
genetic investigations have In
cluded Q study Of schizophre-
mia, or dementia precox, one
Of the most serious forms of
mental illness. One such study
involved almost 1000 twins.
In s6 per cent Of the identical
twin cases. II one Of the pair
was schizophrenic. the other
suffered sooner or later from
the same mental rnalady.
Among ordinary twins, how
ever. in only IA per cent were
both dementia precox victims.
Difference in Components
\ A specific effort to relate
various components OF normal
and superior intelligence with
heredity has been made by
DR.. Strandskov and DR.. L. L.
Thurstone, emeritus professor
Of psychology. More than 100
pairs of both ordinary and
identical twins were located in
Chicago high schools. A bat
terry Of 81 psychological tests
which included So, separate,
scores was administered. The
results show that large differ
ences In the various compo-
nents Of intelligence are found
much more frequently among
ordinary than among identical
twins.
With regard to inheritance
Of superioF or specific mental
capacities the evidence now is
considered quite conclusive by
the two University Of Chicago
scientists. It now seems GER
tain that variations In musical
and mathematical abilities
have much genetic determine
ton. even though o child born
into q family Of musicians or
mathematicians naturally
would have the bent of his
mind greatly influenced by en-
vironment.
Evening star., 1955-07-01

of the fact that we knew our
boys imprisoned by the Reds
were gong hungry and being
tortured, we protected the
Asiatics We dallied over the
peace terms until the Reds
were ready. Time must seem
eternally long when you are a
prisoner Of war. hungry and
facing possible torture. Some
of our boys couldn't take it
and gave in to pressure. The
high moral principles Of the
AmericsD Army must be quite
a burden to carry alone when
you are starving and tortured.
Since we are so soft with
our enemies, why not be at
least q little understanding
with our own men?
For the past two generations
we have been bringing up our
children on a nild-punishment
basis. The switch has vanished
as has going to bed without
supper The tendency is to
keep children happy so as not
to frustrate them. We do not
tel them that conflict will be
with us as long as we live and
prepare them to face 1t. In
stead, ~e bring them up in an
atmosphere Of play and few
responsibilities. This is the
wsy we prepare them to face a
lite which, at best, must re-
quire many readjustments OF
values. Therefore. how can a
boy. when at war. face q
brutal enemy!
To my way of reasoning,
nothins is too good for any
man who has fought at the
front, lived In a foxhole for
days and nights amid snow,
sleet anc rain, and seen his
buddies killed about him. He
doesn't have to apologize for
neing wesk--for without him.
we might not have q country.
Evelyn Peabody Gordon.
Evening star., 1955-07-01
On Judging POWs.

We delayed peace in Korea
because the prisoners we cap
talred didn't want to return to
the Reds. Gas our prisoners.
they were probably fed better
than was their custom. and
they were safe. which might
have contributed to their dis
inclination to .return.) Even
though these prisoners had
been shooting our boys, we
gave them protection. In spite
Evening star., 1955-07-01
View Of Argentine

It is my view. both as an
American and rs . Catholic.
that the recent fireworks be-
tween Peron and his ex-er1-
ployes are simply manifesta-
tions of q dispute requiring .
final settlement between the
principals involved. namely. the
Vatican and the Argentine
Chief of State. It is my fur
ther opinion that gratuitous
summations on the part OF
either the secular or clerical
American press encompass by
their very nature influencing
factors which serve to confuse
rather than clarity the dispute
confronting the two foreign
powers.
The accommodations, as OF
this moment. mean to me only
that the Chief Executive and
his fellow countrymen. as
Catholics, took certain action
against certain members Of the
Catholic hierarchy, which with
out further explanation Of
those taking it can only be
construed by other members Of
the faithful as disobedience to
the authority of the Pope. The
automatic accommodation is
not proof OF guilt beyond re-
call, which comes only with
an excathedra pronouncement
from st. Peters. which also
states the conditions required
for its removal.
Let us. in true Christian
spirit, look to those arguments
which tend to favor Peron's
actions. and withhold our con-
demnation pending an official
verdict. Peron is one of the few
elected and reelected chief
executives of South America.
His constitution does not guar
antee freedom of speech or
press, as does ours. His regime
has accomplished some eco-
nomic freedom from the DOM
ination OF foreign govern
ments, which prior to his as
cendancy to office had gained
and exercised control over i'm
ports, exports, shipping and in
ternal transportation. The de-
portee- bishops, having been
subsidized by the state. were
obligated to it and may have
failed to fulfill their obliga-
tions. The army and some
substantial portion Of q 95 per
cent Catholic population sup
ported the administration in
its resistance to q contempora
neous revolt by the navy and
air force, indicating a degree
Of justification, both religious
and political, for Peron's posi-
ton.
Finally. before we cast the
first stone, let us recall that
some Of Argentina's oldest and
grandest cathedrals had fallen
through the inroads Of time
when our forebears on this con-
tinent were reveling in bloody
and bestial orgies against de-
fenseless and childlike Indian
natives, whose only crime was
their reluctance to live in a
fixed geographical area, or to
follow the established form OF
securing a livelihood through
agricultural pursuits.
Frank J. Oberg.
Evening star., 1955-07-01
Snakes and things

y
From Biltmore street F. ]. C.
writes:
sI have Just returned from
a country place over 100 years
old. with lawn and tremendous
trees.
almost every day black
snake drops out of one Of those
trees. Plop.
II saw one up a big syca-
more. He had eaten q nest OF
young starlings in q hollow
limb and that was where he
went back to.
Now how did he climb that
tree? How did he know those
little buds were there? They
say a snake can't hear except
through vibration on the
ground and can't smell except
through the tongue. How did
he find that nest?
mot a bird can raise a nest
there without a snake getting
them. The place was devoid
Of birds.
Nov / have heard many
people say. Don't kill the
friendly blacksnake because it
eats the naughty rats and
mice 1t also eats baby rab-
bits and birds and / would
rather have them than snakes.
~ -
THAT farm was an eye
opener TO me.
'In conclusion. I have q
knock for those sentimental
lists who love hawks.
st wonder If they ever heard
the pitiful cries OF a bird being
eaten alive by a hawk? That
happens frequently.
"The falcon group. as duck
and pigeon hawk. kill imme-
diately; but, for example. the
lovely marsh hawks that sup
posedly eat so many mice. also
love baby ducks.
"A man told me once he
heard bird crying pitifully
in the marsh and q nice little
hawk had 1t on its back eating
its breast while still alive and
that is not the only instance
I have heard Of hawks eating
birds alive.
Talk all they want to about
the balance of nature. I think
this modern world with Its
automobiles. suburbs, ETC.,
takes care Of that"
Cruelty Of creature to crea-
ture is. in q sense, outside the
province of the casual human
observer.
He would do better, we be-
Iieve, to devote himself to the
cruelty Of man to man.
In the latter field, there
is a whole world to conquer,
whereas among the other ami
mails the plan was laid down
in the beginning, and, since we
cannot argue with blacksnake
or hawk, for example, there Ii
Evening star., 1955-07-01
vitol to Our Defense

Vifol to Our Defense
Along with his counterparts IN the
Army, Navy, Air Force and other Federal
establishments, Allen Dulles, director Of
the Central Intelligence Agency, has been
warmly praised In the Hoover Commis-
sion's report on our country's interna-
tional cloak-and-dagger operations. At
the same time, however, the commission
has warned that those operations are
not yet as good as they can and must be
In this dangerous atomic hydrogen era
an era in which the United States, If it
is to be reasonably secure, needs to know
as much as possible about the strengths
and weaknesses Of its potential enemies,
and OF its friends as well.
The commissions views, as submitted
to Congress, are based on the findings Of
a task force headed by General Mark
Clark, now retired. After an exhaustive
survey of the CIA and other agencies
engaged in kindred activities, this group
of distinguished citizens has satisfied it
self that "By trial and error, study and
skill, we have made progress but we
must not labor under any complacent
delusions. There is still much to be done
by our intelligence community to bring
its achievements up to an acceptable
level" In fact, in the Judgment of Gem
eral Clark and his coinvestigators. the
Nation has reason to be deeply con-
cerned" over the lack of adequate infor-
nation about what is going on behind
the Iron Curtain. And what must be rec
nfaA ir II, = fG,tn
cess in this field depends on greater
boldness at the policy level. a willingness
to accept certain calculated political and
diplomatic risks, and full use of techno-
logical capabilities"
Accordingly, implying that the Com
munist powers now excel US In cloak
and-dagger work, the Clark task force
and the Hoover Commission ais whole
have made numerous recommendation
designed to increase the eff1ciency and
effectiveness of our intelligence-gather-
ing efforts. The recommendations which
have to do principally with the CIA as
the prime mover and co-ordinator of all
such efforts call for administrative and
other changes in line with the fact that
Proper directi0nal emphasis, aggressive
leadership, boldness and persistence are
essential to achieve the desired results"
Also called for is the creation of
watchdog" system Opposed by the CIA
for security reaSons) that would consist
OF two groups small commission Of
trustworthy private citizens appointed by
the President, and special Joint con-.
gressional committee comparable to the
one that operates in the atomic field.
In addition, President Eisenhower
has received directly from Mr.. Hoover
set of top-secret proposals drafted by the
task force as measures aimed at enabling
the CIA ito produce greater emphasis on
certain Of Its basic statutory functions" !"
Since these proposals must remain highly
classified, the public has no way of assess
ing them, but all Of us may safely as
sumo that they are calculated to improve
and strengthen our intelligence arm. And
certainly every effort along that line de-
serves the strongest encouragement and
support as an effort vital to the Nations
defense.
Evening star., 1955-07-01

. Recommendation for New England).
Actually, neither Of them sounded really
angry--or even confused. In fact, they
sounded like pair of eloquent and
experienced partisan spokesrnen working
up some good political copy in a quiet
summer week, Just before long holiday
week end.
Evening star., 1955-07-01
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry icriters' correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to coBden-
sdtios.
Evening star., 1955-07-01
Feel Insecure

Does the stupendous sum Of
$25 billion now in the social
security fund really belong to
us-the ones who put 1t there?
One Of The Stars columnists
wrote a series Of articles called
"It's Your Money.",I do not
believe it. even though I am
most thankful for the idea and
that we have q system,
We have nothing to say
about its ALLEGATION or distribu-
tion. There are too many re-
strictions In the law and it is
unfair as well. There is dis
elimination against single per-
sons. Married people receive
the most and pay no more
than single people.
1t seems to me that most
people just don't care and are
not interested in whether old
folks<have anything or not. It
costs money to have comforts,
to go places and have outside
interests. It costs money I'd be
well fed and well dressed.
It is good. sound economics
to have the aged properly
cared for with their own
money--if that is true.
M. w. w.
x+
One can hardly read a copy
I of the Congressional Record
these days without seeing
where Some Senator or Rep
resentative has introduced a
bill or two in Congress that
would q. amend Title II of
the Social Security Act to
reduce the retirement age
OF women from IS to so
years )"
A few Of these bills vary
somewhat as to which women
should receive social security
benefits, but each bill agrees
that the qualifying age should
be reduced to so years.
This is some of the most
encouraging news we have
had about improving the So
cial security law since its
adoption.
Speak to- any woman in a
plant, office or on the street.
regarding this amendment and
invariably one receives en-
thusiastic approval. Likewise,
men favor this progressive
step in social security be-
cause the benefits are so far
reaching.
Myrtle M. Bourziel.
Mount Olive, Ala.
*x*
| What is the matter with oui
| Republican leadership, any
way? Not long ago millions
Of little people knew they took
a terrific beating via the Re-
publican tax program. Now
/ with two of the most popular
amendments ever suggested tc
improve the Social Security
Act being considered, namely
reducing the qualifying age o1
women, entitled to social Sc
curity benefits. from 65 to 6(
years and giving disabled
workers their OASI benefit.
promptly upon qualifying. thu
Republican leadership attack.
this as politics wrecking thu
social security fund, etc
Twenty years ago we were tolt
| Just as emphatically that an.
social security program woult
wreck the Nation. or worse.
AS surely as our Republican
leaders block these populal
amendments to the social Sc
curity law they will lose TIL
national election In 1876,
through an aroused and de
termined electorate.
Charles r. Martin.
Evening star., 1955-07-01

longest - was EIDEBoEwA-
BEW or Economic Intelligence
Division Of the Economy
Branch of the once Of Eco
nomic Warfare Analyses OF the
Board Of Economic Warfare.
Evening star., 1955-07-01
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
By THE HASKTN SERVICE

m san s sn Hsn' s..a = . az g. 4 ss1s
b. G @ Please pcsas n
Evening star., 1955-07-01

@. How many engineers are
graduated from colleges an
nually in the United States
nowadays2J. J. saeg.
A. The total is expected to
be about 10000 in 1865. where
as in 1850 it was about $4,000.
Various authorities report that
this country faces q severe
shortage Of engineers and
technically trained personnei.J
Daily Sitka sentinel and the arrowhead press., 1955-08-25
 TANKS BACK IN FIRST PLACE IN AMERICAN
by The Associated Press

One thing sharkled crystal clear today in the foggy Amer jean league pennant race. If the Chicago White Sox could man handle the pesky Baltimore Orioles the way the other three flag contenders do, they might be leading the loop by four OF five games.
 As it is, Marty Marion's Chi cagoans were knocked out of first place yesterday when they split a doubleheader with the Orioles for the second day in a row.
 Back into the No. spot went the New York Yankees, when Yogi Berra and Mickey Mntle socked back-to4back homers in the ninth inning to defeat the Detroit Tigers 3-2.
 Chicago bats rang for 20 hits in the opener as Baltimore was submerged -14-1, but the Orio- les snapped back to grab the nightcap 2-1. The Cleveland In dians evened their two-gaane series with the Boston Red Sox winning 20. while Kansas City swept it's two-game set with Washington with a 5-0 score. , In the National league, Brook lyn widened its first place gap over the Milwaukee Braves to 1212 games in a home run dis play that sank the Chicago Cubs for the second straight day 9-5
 The New York Giants squared their two-game series by dows ing the St. Louis Cardinals Al
 and the Pittsburgh Pirates made
 it two straight over the Cincin- natl Redlegs AZ. Milwaukee and Philadelphia were idle.
Daily Sitka sentinel and the arrowhead press., 1955-08-25
Page Four

being cheated of a chance to win the lightheavyweight title, and then his trouble in getting this fight .."
 Complex or no, the suave has developed psychological approach to his problems, in this case the pro- Iblem being to needle the usual ly placid Marciano into an un- certainty as to the outcome of their Sept. 20 meeting.
 His Rocky, I do expect to win your title" statement to the cameras was a direct dart, but if Rocky inWandlly shudder- ed and was tempted to reply in kind he controlled himself ad- mirably.
 The burly guy is champion out of the ring as we'll as he is in it.
Daily Sitka sentinel and the arrowhead press., 1955-08-25
THE DALLES LOSES ONE; STILL IN TOURNEY

HASTINGS, Neb. (P1 The Dalles, Ore, absorbed its first defeat of the sectional Arneri- can Legion junior baseball tour nannent last night. lowing 3-1 to Tucson, Ariz.
 The setback gave each of the three teams in the double elim- ination tournament a Fl re- cord.
 Today. The Dalles was sched uled against Lincoln, Neb., g team the Oregonians beat Mon day. The winner will play Tue son for the championship and g berth in the national tourna. ment.
Daily Sitka sentinel and the arrowhead press., 1955-08-25

gracing his chin and a light blue yachting cap set rakishly on his head, looked not at all formidable: and seemed una ware of Rocky presence as he ohatted amiably with Harry Wills. o
 Someone asked the venerable challenger about the cap. Its Ia captains cap," Moore said grinning, I've got a boat on the river up at Northadams, a boat, oh, about 50 long" He stretched out his arms to indi- cate rather small craft.
 He had a ready answer to the question of how he felt. Fine" he said, flashing his engaging smile. i've grown "Grown?" someone asked ske ptically. At 38' or So you don't grow much, except in the wrong l directions.
 Sure, before I signed for ! this fight I used to go around like this" Moore stopped his shoulders like a man who hac
 been buffetted and beaten by
 an unkind fate. Now, since Tn
 fighting for the heavyweight
 championship, I'm like this. 7 He strengthened up like a West Pointer.
 He's got a persecution com plex," someone whispered, a5al-
 those years he thOught he was