davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06

All of the provisions oil and gas actua,
terms of payment; the first years rental sometimes
bonus) which is the price lessee willing pay get
lease the particular acreage years
will the of time the lessee oil operator will able
to hold the land without drilling the penalties the operator
If he does not drill the specified time, the
royalty share of the production he the
uniting the lessee to extract oil and gas the
Most of the discussion of the past two years. of the
four years that preceded hem has been about the
The term duration, of lease $ much part of
the for the lease the number of dollars bonus
the number of barrels of oil royalty forever,
that is, for long the oil lasts guarantee
the oil that the price will change-that
he will have than the price agreed
the leases beginning If the royalty
and the term long enough the of the lease will
most ALL of the benefit from sizeabe discovery
The landowner who binds himself for long term at
low royalty is certain in the long to be
Over the certain patterns have emerged desirable
in land leasing for oil operations Some especially desirable
for the oil menneedes say they quite the opposite
from the terms that wanted by landowners The
srable type of the the
low royalty long term arrangement and has been crystal
lized in the familiar 12A royalty indefinite term lease
The oil industry has, since Montana State sought
longer lease Originally state lands
mated at five for all Later oil and leases
let for primary term of five years. and long there
after oil and produced, limit of fifteen
In 1915 when the still limited by the Enabling
Act to leases of not than five years. the oil industry
pushed bill through the legislature requesting Congress
to permit indefinite leases for oil and Congress- with the
wreck that had been made school still
fresh its mind refused Undiscouraged the industry kept
its agitation going for thirty the meantime
in 1927, oil and leases primary
years with right of extension for additional years oil
and discovered At the of twenty the land
could be auctoned second time resevng to the oil lease
holder preference right the highest bid competitors
and keep the lease.
But the industry satisfied with twentyye term
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
"A Spectators Bonanza"

They thought get price
ing why price ceilings Then, 1885, they
the legislature their eyes the schools
mounting protests that the oil industry had pay
for failure drill for OIL These selfish people wanted
make Montanas oil lands spectators bonanza the key
creation a situation oil did
qure drilling OIL First they changed money
rentals They proposed these should
$00 But where the language had read h minimum annual
money rentals shall be 75c per acre they
venenty omitted the word minimum and the 1855 then read
"the money rentals shall be S100" per per
Thus another ceiling imposed by simply fixing
price for annual money rentals.
The legislature made exception to this price ceiling by
permitting continue established practice
first year rentalsbut for the year only
thereafter the rental "sha S100 per year.
Board the legislature established
of competitive bidding to acquire leases
since price ceilings easy impose, why
price ceiling penalty for failure drill? Until the 1866
legislature the leasing provided
power terminate lease it, the end
of the second the lessee had not drilling WELL
law also that Board allow the oil
company hold lease levy penalty for failure
any thought proper Many times
through the the Land Board has had to threaten absolute
termination of lease in order to get oil drill
Too brokers speculate with
intention developing lease When the Land Board
did failure drill policy
penalty against the lessee of $100 per
year
In March of 1863 the Land Board doubled the nondrln
penalty $200 per year because esees generally
drilling state lands Furthermore the 81 90 penalty
been established than twenty before
prices initiation required that be increased Note that
Land Board the authority either the
the period for drilling, and penalty
failure to drill in any amount the Board saw fit.
legislature amended law away the
authority the Land Board control the oil
that the lessee the right
years. the decision whether he would drill pay
penalty and fixed the amount of the penalty that
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
Sixty Years of Excellent Management

think appreciate the excellent job that has
during the past sixty years by looking the
of the received similar grants
United States Thrtyour of the foryeght
part all Of their grants careless dishonest
Sixteen states have squandered all of their
funds, and have permanent debts in their place
which they millions dollars in interest year
Many of them openly repudated obligation repay
the schools for the loss.
In western state alone nearly million dollars
just disappeared from the fund The lands Jared
better than the funds states In the midwest
sands Of of valuable and timber lands grabbed
by spectators for almost nothing Public officials
into combinations with private individuals corporations
and delivered the school lands into their hands fractions
worth $4,000 per in the State of
Ohio sold spectators for 5000 per Magn
virgin timber Wisconsin by log
gng companies for pances ruthessy logged into
Of sump after which the land eroded worthless
returned to the state
In reviewing history three years
the distinguished West Bernard
DeVoto only managed their
grants with wdom-Idaho Oregon and Wash
ngon had done fair job and the others had used
with varying degrees of corruponincudng highest
degree.
Note that many have public school lands or
permanent school funds about. Thus the
important point only long Montana has its
lands its oil is there anything protect should
lease all of the school lands 121a royalty for
oil and gas developed will the oil
under the cheapest prevailing in the world Then
there won't be anything remaining protect. The
dustry viii have it, and the disposition of Montanas school
lands will be history
think that the able to resist
the efforts of the people every public possession
possible plum for Themselves that have such strong
system of constitutional safeguards protect
schools As long observe safeguards strictly
We fear when we begin
the schools who want their have special treatment
want themselves their industry encouraged by gifts
money lands
The most persistent special favors from our
trust funds has been the oil industry
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
"A Great Conspiracy Has Almost Been Completed

would prncey of $125 and would that high
only in the fifth and sixth year
In these price ceilings of annual rentals
penalties no than 81 .25
tv at 1215 plus that the longer
ouire the of we'll, is it wonder
majority of the Land Board members do not
let leases under laws? Put yourself shoes
and consider obligations
full part of the lands permanently
disposed of Do think it possible to obey that obligation
and let lease for the oil under such restrictions
ceilings?
In any event. this date the industry has all the advantage
y act legislature enjoys the cheapest terms in
anywhere in the matter of fact the only response
that have heard to argument is feeble retort
spokesman think that North and South Dakota
have imposed just cheap terms has Montana
What have said raises the question OF whether am being
unfair to the industry their spokesman claim Well
deals the companies have offered in other countries will
make you wonder.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06

Among the states Texas probably the dependent
upon the oil industry general and has
SHOWN great deal of for the ndusys de-
termnng its policies Nevertheless school lands
IN Texas royalties 9059 Until March of this year
the II M lease has been the annual
money rental minimum $500 Since time Texas has
increased it's minimum prices-162s95 royalty $500 annual
rental and $500 first If there is production i'm
Continued Page Seven
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
Indefinite Lease Barely Known Outside USA

The combination of the indefinite the minimum
royalty has anywhere universal accept
ance bv units by large andhoder public
private Outside the United States it is barely known
Throughout the $3.50 sharngs plus large
grants technical aid to the the
ceped pattern Yemen though oil has been found
there group companies has contracted to drill
the royalty of 1870 The 5000 arrange
ment Venezuela The only country outside the
12% royalties have been accepted
Israel which prospect of total financial collapse it
develop of industrial fuel In uned
territories Sicily where drilling began only recently,
presence commercial oil deposits is still in the realm
speculation minimum royalties set at 162s o.
royalty figure could be called Standard the l6 would
be closer than 1214%.
To return to something mentioned earlier:
United States have had
leasing, if all of them have
IL II % indefinite lease 1t is highly sig
nificant that these landowners turning
from it favor of other that bring in
The largest these andhoder the United States gov
itself impression and one, has been
given Montana all federal indefinite
royalty There several kinds federal
other commonly used federal lease has sliding scale royalty
far stringent than Montanas running to maximum
of 256.
~ % only within the
oil producing known
fields within the boundaries of oil producing structure
defined by the Department of the Interior must be leased
only through competitive bidding at the sliding royalty scale
There almost 100000 of federal land in Montana
under the competitive, sliding scale lease.
It should be mind discussing Federal
that the collection of has always been secondary the
discovery OF oil in United States policy
The percentage depletion allowance the federal tax
alone has diverted billions dollars Treasury
the hope of stimulating oil discoveries The leasing act
1916 which adopted the flat 1870 royalty passed for
The
Montanas school lands to
of free public federal
lands cannot be used to individuals
industry Federal lands have be used
railroads,
But Montanas lands must bring full market value for
part permanently disposed Of
The u S. government willing go great lengths to
oster the oil industry this developments
n its leasing laws the interesting.
The newest be opened leasing the
ubmerged lands beyond the state boundaries the Gulf of
1exico These leases flat royalty of % plus rental
$500 per and bonus of less than S150s
acre Every of these items higher than the correspond
rate charged by the State of Montana although there
drilling which drill many submerged
reas Oil companies paid average 100000
acre to lease land which they know they hold for
evera at additional per per
eore they possibly drill The supposed sngency of the
lontana lease is pale in comparison.
Ip to COS % Royalty On Texas School Leases
Among the states, Texas probably dependent
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06

CONTINUED from Page one)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
All Lease Provisions Are Terms of Payment

en- the oil industry.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1955-05-06
Up to 90.5oo Royalty On Texas School

onparlSon.
Evening star., 1955-11-20

q ChaREs q Uhssk o. M-O.
con. (eSe HnnAling Chaxgel
q Merehandise csraiaeaas tpayahas en- aelfvery)
A1a - ssIss tax n p. @. and MaFytana. AAA SOC
Ter Ge11yofy 1mG hnnGl1ng ehnfgn9 bayam6 eur
fess as.lys.y eFea fer sinsie Hem and loe feg
Evening star., 1955-11-20

,. corded Gold Dusssr. gala style
IN cotton wear Il three ways
tied III around. loose fitting, 81
pegnoir fashion Gold and green on
beige, 81 gold and rose On beige.
sizes 1920, 90 To ~ 8 .9g
Evening star., 1955-02-13

Majors leadership in the quality furniture field has beer
earned through 9year record of consistently presenting
the finest furniture for the least money Each year, with
increased facilities and greater purchasing power oudc
the year before Our current Mwnter Sale offers you the
most advantageous buys to date you're funituremnded
strongly urge that you investigate values Here are
three-star attractions Many other exciting values
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-25
Christmas
Superstitions

THOUGH almost nation observes Christmas, customs
differ much country that visitor abroad
might realize his hosts celebrating the Yuletde
In rural Belgium for instance farmers practice of the
stranges Christmas still found No less devout than
people place these Belgian farmers nevertheless main
tain Christmas rites that only indirectly bear the
Nativity
farmer predict the of grain next summer
times midnight Christ
a lantern the chicken house II
whether their marriage will be happy they
float candles nuShels; If the nutShel float bliss will
theirs but not better Firing shot underneath
the boughS is a cure for barren apple tree.
Historians these customs back to days
almost tribe held festival late in December to
the winter sostce and The beginning of longer days
places these customs became interviewer with
Christmas rites and partly account for such Yuetide traditions
msetoe Yule Even the most back
BeganS admit they believe these SuperSttons
custom is cusomand besides, it's often jolly way to
spend a cold Christmas
Metro Group Photos
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10
BIuekfeet People
Are Involved In
Federal Charges

Chester Smith, charged with
an immoral crime against a Is
vear-old Blackfeet Indian girl on
Ian. 9, 1854, is scheduled to 60
on trial in federal court at Great
Falls this week.
1t is one of two cases involv-
ing Blackfeet people and opens
a Jury term which began yester-
day, with Judge Charles N. Pray
presiding.
AIIesedly the crime was
committed at the Gvifh ranch
10 miles from Cut Bank, on
the BIaekfeet reservation.
Guiih is out on $500 bond.
In the other case George Bren-
ner Jr. and his wife, Evonne, are
accused of taking S120 by force
from Harold F. Young near the
Two Medicine bridge on the
Blackfeet reservation Sept. 80,
1854. Both we're scheduled for
arraignment yesterday, at which
they were to have entered their
pleas. Both are also charged with
taking SIS from Eugene c. Lee
noir at the same place on the
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10
Poet Of the Rockies
Back At Park Job

James Whit of Kalispell, whose
beautiful and inspiring verse has
won him the name, "The Poet of
the Rockies" is back in Glacier
National Park to be employed
this season as caretaker at the
Rising Sun Camp ground, oper.
ated by the National Park Ser.
vice. The place is six miles from
st. Marys and IL miles from Lo.
gan Pass.
This season marks Whilt's 9th
one in the park. For 10 years he
served as guide and seven years
as a caretaker.
All the while natures beauties
has done something" to him and
the result has been a lofty poem.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

same day. Both are out on $1,000
bond each.
Perry D. Williams, charged
with the same offense on two
counts, already has pleaded gull
ty. After the Bremen case is
disposed Of Williams is to be sen.
fenced by Judge Pray, according
to District Court Clerk Conrad
Regal.
The names of As Great Falls
residents and 20 of Cascade,
Pondera, Teton, Choteau and
Judith Basin counties have been
drawn for jury duty at the term.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

SEE the new ~ and Al II. Crest.
liner mobile homes on display
at M & M Trailer Sales of
Shelby. Find out how easy you
can own one. We will take in
your furniture, car, old trailer,
or most anything of value as
part payment. We still have a
few older models you can buy
on rental purchase plan. Aft
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SALE-22foof All Alumi-
mum house trailer. Sleeps four.
New tires. Electric brakes.
gas range. Priced at S1350.00.
Electric refrigerator. Butane
C.. w. NICHOLS, Browning.
12tfc
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SALE-1953 Chevrolet. Ex.
cellent condition. Only 1900
miles. Phone Cut Bank 855-J.
-14-1p
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10
WANT ADS

kATES-First Is words or less
80 cents per insertion. Each ad-
ditional word 2 cents per week.
Terms cash to all who do not
have charge accounts with us.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10
WANTED TO RENT -

WANTED TO RENT - House.
for family of seven - Fur
nished or unfinished. Per-
manent local resident. Will
lease or rent on year-around
basis. Contact The Glacier
Reporter office or Box So,
Browning, Mont. Off
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SALE - One single steel
cot $500; one "a Rollaway bed
Sl2.50; boys bicycle, two-speed
gear shift, coaster brake and
carrier basket $500. Stella
Weber, Browning. 14-2p
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SAlE-Piano, Lester Bet.
sey Ross Spinet, mahogany
Finish, like new. For infor-
nation, call 130-R. -l3.2p
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SIGN PAINTING and in
terror Decorating, contact DON
UPHAM, East Glacier. Phone
1913. -12-3p
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

EXPERT WATCH REPAIRING
Prompt, efficient service. See
Jim Soderbeerg at N. S. Bush
Jewelry, Cut Bank. 12-tfc
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SAlE-TwsIve 2-ysar-eid
Angus bulls will sell at the
Shelby Stockyards Thursday,
June 10th. The sale will start
at 10 o'clock. -14-1c
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR SALE - International pick.
up; also Al Plymouth Coupe.
See Jesse Harlan, at Cut Bank.
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

FOR sALE-Spinet organ. Just
like new, fine tone. Bargain!
Only S995.0O. Terms to suit.
Hops Piano House, AIS First
Avenue North, Great Falls.
lac
The Glacier reporter. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1953-current, 1955-06-10

OFFICE SPACE - Is Available
for rent. Clary Real Estate,
Phone 18-J. lotto
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-04-15
Septic Tank Racket
Being Worked Again

THE CESSPOOL and septic tank
racketeers are at it again. In Illinois
a few farm families have been fleeced
by crew that claims to be working
under orders of health officials.
It's the usual story They proceed to
dig up the yard, then present the home
owner with an exorbitant bill, figured
on a so-much-per-pound basis, usually
in the neighborhood of $3.50.
AS has been pointed out in previous
articles in Montana Farmer-Stockman
cesspooIs and septic tanks rarely need
attention. When they do, contact a local
licensed operator.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-04-15
Protective Service
'Fast-Buck' Artists
Come With Spring

LIN ADDITION to budding trees flow
ers; song birds and good farming wealth
err the coming of spring can also he
expected to bring the ''fast buckp ar.
list to the Montana rural scene. Here
are few to be on the lookout for.
travelling seed saIesman-His nricaS
Will be considerably higher than those
OF your reputable seed dealer in town
If he can't get you to paw the fill
price, he'll take a down payment and
nave you Sign contract with a ssnot
subject to cancellation clause in If
ANY good operator who keeps Informed
on the seed market will have no tro,,-
BILE telling a legitimate seed salesman
from racketeer.
furnace repairmen = Whether YOUR
furnace or cook stove needs repairing
or not, this fellow will insist on sstaking
look at it, He'll probably dab Iittle
asbestos cement around the chimney
tighten door hinge that doesn't need j
TIGHTENING and hand you bill for about
$2O .--...-
OP"V"C ACpdIAHcH-As report from
the midwest tells of Swindlers who
claim to be telephone company en-
ployes sent out to insulate the wires.
One farm woman was charged $50, and |
they insisted it be paid in cash. For
tunately, the woman's husband APP
peared on the scene and ordered the
men Off the property. If a person
claims to be working for the telephone
company and demands cash payment
for his services" call the police.
Photo charging These fellows will
offer to make colored enlargement
from that old snapshot of grandma
for just fraction of the usual cost
The down payment when they take
your order is just fraction of the
Usual cost, but the total cost is con-
higher than it would be if you
lad the work done at the photography
studio in town. And usually the work
S of inferior quality.
In all cases it's best to deal with
Ocal people who are in business to
erform service, in addition to MAX
1g living.
The racketeers all use a similar APP
roach. They'll call you by name. They
OF it from your unsuspecting neighbor
own the road Their car will probably
ave an out-of-state license plate. Their
special Offer is good today only This
won't be offered again.
hey'll be vague about the cost of
eir services-untiI they hand you the
H.
If any of these i'll omens of spring
low up at your place. send them ON
cir way.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-04-15
w. g = z p
% d GHA =

You and your neighbOrs helped
deSign-with your ideas and sug-
geStions-the Western Special
(Shown above) for Great Plains
needs and preferences. 1t has the
full Tenders you like SO well and
roomy step-up platform with safety
seat and safety floor SO you can
stand up and move around. See the
Western Special and Eagle Hitch
Model "4OO's'' at your Case deal
er'S. Ask about the Case Income
Payment Plan that fits your system
of farming.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-04-15

Butter consumption increased from
86 to go pounds per person in 1854.
Use of margarine increased from 10
to 8.S pounds per person.
Montana farmer-stockman. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1947-1993, 1955-04-15

When good look the $780,"
naturally get feeling that book is
closed on all the chapters of history heretofore beauty
OF line and color comfort of ride
sparkling supreme1y range TO
harmonic of load
nothing all the world with the
It's merely that eight forward speeds
Those forward speeds up steps with gap between
Whatever choose there's gear gives
the engine turning above strongespulng speed
Whether prefer the
you'll find the thrifty easy on upkeep
that maximum economy you enjoy beauty
fort, its capacity.
Evening star., 1955-07-17

threats, mental duress and Withholding food.
An officer who went into combat in
Korea, during the early days of the war,
was captured within few hours. Less than
week after that leaflets were dropped on
our men urging them to lay down their
arms and surrender. These leaflets had
been written by, signed by and contained
the photograph of that officer Now just
how much could that mans brain have
been washed" in that short time?
Another officer prepared and signed
surrender leaflet addressed to his own
troops in the US. lines with his photo on it.
This surrender leaflet said Turn your
guns aside :. strongly appeal to you to
surrender to the Peoples Army at once"
He gave as his excuse: ''The Reds ques-
toned me three times - the first time for
IS or 20 minutes, the second time for
40 minutes, the third time for IS or 20
minutes" Thus, less than two hours OF
questioning caused an officer to sell out
his country. By his own admission, he was
neither threatened nor offered any induce
ments by his captors.
He was, Of course, afraid. But 50 we're
Ills bRddies on the from lime who kept Gghf-
ing and did NOT surrender their arms as he
was begging them TO do.
AS for the charge that the Army has
double-crossed some of the non-repatriated
soldiers whom it lured back with promises
not to prosecute, we have tape recording
of the actual broadcast made to those men,
1t said this, in effect: if you return, we will
not place charges against you for your pre-