davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Russia viii Attempt to Exploit Farley
For Propaganda Purposes, as Usual

many withdrew less than 200
miles.
The Muscoyites also demand
that the nations on the Sc
curity Council of the United
Nations dismantle military
bases on foreign territories.
This would mean that We
should have to abandon the air
bases we have established for
our strategic air force in Mo-
rocco, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Ice
land and Greenland. 1t is con-
ceivable that we might be per-
mitted to hand over those we
have constructed in Britain,
France, Germany. Turkey and
Japan to these respective allied
governments. The Soviet gov
eminent, on the other hand,
does not need to make any
changes, since it regards the
bases it has in satellite coun-
tries and in Communist China
as belonging to its own allies.
While President Eisenhower
has indicated that a top-level
meeting of the Big Four-to
last more than two or three
days-will have to deal ex-
clusively with the problems of
the cold war in Europe, the
Soviets have included the Far
East in their phony peace
proposals. They called on the
principal countries concerned
to settle Far Eastern disputes
"in conformity with the prin-
ciples of sovereignty and ter
ritorial integrity" To make
this proposition stick in the
minds of our Western Euro
pean allies, the Kremlin
warned that the Far Eastern
situation was "fraught with the
danger of another war"
This clever piece of propa-
ganda seems to have had an
immediate effect on the NATO
nations gathered now at Paris.
The North Atlantic alliance,
which has assumed no respon-
Sibilities In the Far East and
has always insisted that it
would not be drawn into a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12

It is no exaggeration to say
that President Eisenhower has
agreed to attend a Big Four
conference "at the summit"
with the same enthusiasm as
a boy who is berg asked to
take unflavored cod liver oil.
The President is keeping his
fingers firmly crossed about
the prospects of coming to a
real understanding with the
Communist world. And in as
far as it can be ascertained
here. his feelings are shared
not only by the State Depart
ment policy makers but also by
Britain's Prime Minister Eden.
But this gesture had to be
made in order to remove the
threat of a Socialist victory at
the polls in Great Britain this
month.
The Russian peace plan is
sued to the world on Wednes-
day further confirms the sus-
picions that the Muscovites
will attempt to exploit the
Big -Four meeting as a gigan-
tic propaganda feat for their
own purposes. They want to
strengthen their stranglehcld
on Europe, and attempt to give
the Chinese Communists the
remaining Nationalist terri
tories without taxing the mill
tary strength Of the Peiping
regime. The Soviets propose,
for instance. that in order to
end the cold war, the four
powers withdraw their troops
from German territories. The
trap is obvious: Western Ger
many, which has just become
a member of NATO, will have
her 500,000-man army ready
some time in 1860. East Ger
many has had for several years
a police force" Of 100, 900 men
with tanks, airplanes and fast
torpedo boats. # the Soviet
proposal we're accepted. the
American forces. NATO's back
bone in Germany, would have
to be withdrawn some 1000
miles across the Atlantic while
the Soviet troops in East Ger
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
THOMAS L. STOKES
Yo|tu Data Release Still Potent

committees dealing with for
eign affairs. The President
regards this as sound in the
areas of decision, which would
seem to mean the deliberations
Of the foreign ministers.
Republican Party managers
are very conscious of the alb
solute necessity of preventing
the top-level conference in
which the President, himself,
will be involved from getting
embroiled in any way COM
parable to Yalta. This is not
only to prevent any issue de-
veloping at the conference that
could be directed at the Re-
publican Party in 1856, but
also so that the party will be
free to exploit Yalta for itself.
Such, for example, as is being
done already in trying to hang
on Gov. Averell Hartman of
New York, a potentially power
full figure in the 1855 Demo-
cratic picture the tag of "archi-
tect of Yalta," a SANDER who'll
ly without basis of course, but
that makes no difference in
the heat Of a presidential year
with all that is at stake.
Because Of Yalta, we may
expect on the part of the Pres
ident and our representatives
the most circumspect of con-
duct, with no conversational
bits or asides that might be
picked up later and retailed
by Democratic campaigners, as
Republicans are doing with the
casual conversation at Yalta.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
Publication May Limit Eisenhower
Participation at Big Four Talks

Yalta casts its shadow
toward the projected Big Four
meeting.
Which is to say that the
Republican Party's digging up
and publishing documents re-
lating to the World War II
conference is regarded as a
factor, among others, that
will tend to limit President
Eisenhower's participation in
the top-level meeting with
Premier Bulganin of Russia.
Prime Minister Eden of Great
Britain and Premier Faure of
France.
The mistakes of Yalta, as
seen in retrospect, are fresh
before us through political ex-
ploitation by Republicans of the
papers telling in almost inf
mite detail about that meeting,
ten years ago, Of the Big Three
Of that era-President Roose-
welt, Premier Joseph Stain
and Prime Minister Winston
Churchill.
This is ammunition for
the sharpshooters whom the
President will leave here in his
rear when he goes abroad.
This was made plain almost
simultaneously with announce
ment Of the conference when
the administrations "insur-
gent" leader in the Senate,
Senator William F. Knowland
of California, solemnly warned,
in a speech before the con-
vention here of Republican
women from all over the
country, that there might be
another Yalta or Munich in
the Big -Four meeting which
probably will be held in Swift
zerland and probably in July.
He raised a number of ques-
tons that exuded his own
skepticism. even while the
Presidents bold action in in
itiating a conference was being
hailed far and wide. Among
other things, the California
Senator inquired whether we
will insist that Moscow honor
previous agreements before
I'VE take the 'Soviets' word
on a new scrap Of paper"
From the Presidents own
view Of the proposed confer
ence's function-so far as the
heads of state are concerned
1t Is obvious that the confer
ence will be largely psychology
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
China Lobby Seen Losing Ground

much more cautiously, wrap
ping up many go slow warn
ings to the President in the
Yalta text which he quoted
copiously. Senator Bridges, the
senior Republican of the SEN
ate, knows that the party has
to have Mr.. Eisenhower to win
next year. He has also seen a
New Hampshire poll taken
by Representative Perkins Bass
which shows their home State
is solidly for the Presidents
policy.
The objective observer must
admit some truth in the Nc
earthly charge that the admin
istration is pursuing an equivo-
cal course with respect to the
Chinese Nationalist. Chiang's
hopes, of course, have risen
and fallen with the changes
in United States policy.
It would be possible to feel
much more apologize about
this were it not that his friends
have subjected this Capital for
years to ceaseless and unwear-
led lobbying which attempted
to exploit every domestic polit-
ical quarrel. All foreign coun-
tries. of course, seek friends
here. Few others, if any, have
had the nerve to try openly
to turn domestic politics to
their advantage.
The China Lobby put all its
chips on one COP. faction
and it has lost.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
President Moving Toward Some Form
OF Disengogement in the Far East

to get his way. Congress is
behind him. thinking that the
American people are. Few
senators bothered to listen to
the speeches which so well
described from one point Of
view the present turning point
in history.
The Senators are indifferent
because the cause is lost. The
mere fact that it was left to
the discredited Senator from
Wisconsin to mount the prin-
cipal attack speaks for itself.
The Mccarthy text was
cogently and closely reasoned.
It charted more lucidly than
any Democrat has managed to
do the White House changes
Of direction. These the speech
carried directly to the Presi-
dent with many pungent and
quotable observations such as:
1.-THE masters of double think
and double talk never had a
better pupil"
Had Chiang's friends here,
now so bitter against Eisen-
hover. been able to persuade
an influential Senator to make
such a speech, obviously they
would have done so.
Senator Bridges proceeded
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
But Same Strange Advice Was Not Given
To Chinese Reds, the Aggressors
DAVID LAWRENCE

PARIS. May 12.-For some
strange reason the North At
lantic Treaty Organizations
Council wandered into terri
tory far beyond its usual do
main and tried this week to
give some gratuitous advice to
the United States about the
Far East. The essence Of the
advice was that the islands OF
the shores Of China should be
surrendered to the Communists
and. in return, there would be
some sort of vague declaration
condemning the use Of force
in the area of Formosa.
Oddly enough, no such ad-
vice was given to the Red
Chinese, who have been the
aggressors in the Far East.
The idea that a meeting Of
the Western Powers should be
used to advocate giving In to
the Communists on one Of
their principal demands is so
startling that it needs to be
studied carefully in America.
For it could mean that, when
the chips are down, even the
prominent members of the
North Atlantic Treaty Council
may be found cringing before
the Communists in Europe and
advocating a policy of sur
render.
One wonders what would
happen If the United States
proposed the surrender Of the
city of Berlin, which after all
is an island" and is 100 miles
away from West German terri
tory. Foreign Minister Spaak
of Belgium was one Of the min
listers at the North Atlantic
Council who seems to think
that there is no important issue
involved in giving the off shore
islands to Red China. Also,
with amazing promptnesS. the
Foreign Minister of Canada,
Lester Pearson, backed up M.
Spaak. To judge by the news
reports of the councils meet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
NATO Advises u. S. on Far East

direct responsibility for what
happens in that area.
AS for the promise Of a COL
lective security pledge to pro-
tect Formosa, this is a lot Of
diplomatic double-talk. The
moment the subject Of using
British military forces to help
protect FormoSa was men,
toned in the House of Com
mons recently, a barrage of
criticism developed. There
isn't the slightest chance of
any of the European govern
ments furnishing any more
military aid in defense Of
Formosa than they did in the
Korean war.
The meeting held here in
Paris by the NATO countries
is, therefore, an eye-opener to
America and signalizeS the in
PRODUCTION into the NATO con-
ference of the same set of diff
ferences between America and
certain European powers that
have in the past brought
America most of the burdens
and none of the relief which a
nation 5000 miles away from
this continent might expect
some day to enjoy.
On the same day that the
NATO Council met, the SovietS
announced a few meaningless
concessions on disarmament.
These were greeted with en-
thusiasm by the Europeans,
even as they allowed the NATO
conference to give the impress
sion that America wants to
engage in a fight for the Chi
nese off-shore islands, when
the truth is the United States
is merely protecting a line
against communism while the
major powers of Europe evil
IDENTIFY do not care if it is
broken. It was sad day for
America when the NATO meet
ing formally proclaimed a call
for a cease-fire in the Far East
without remembering that Red
China is the nation to which
a message of warning might
better have been addressed.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
DORIS FLEESON

It has been apparent here
for some time that President
Eisenhower is moving toward
some form of disbursement
in the Far East and that advo-
Gates of a hard policy in Asia
and about support Of Chang
Kai-shek have lost.
Chiang's friends, including
Senators Bridges and Nc
earthly, are now speaking up
in the Senate to show that
they realize what is happen
ing. They are saying more
or less directly that they at
least are not deceived by any
pretensions that the admini-
Stration has not materially
altered it's course since the
President '.unleashed" Chang
in his first state-of -the-Union
message.
1t is perhaps too much to
declare that these speeches
are funeral orations over a
policy to which a powerful
Republican faction has long
been dedicated and which it
has pressed to the hilt against
Democratic administrations.
But barring an unexpected
turn of events, that is what
they will prove to be.
For the President is going
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

THEY'RE going to hold this Big Four conference the
summit that nobody will be disappointed when they
uphill-and down again.
Home-run Hitter Ted Williams rejoins the Boston
after his amony settlement This that all baseball needs
is the Woman's touch.
One thing about the Nays Cougar supply of canned
burgers Defense Secretary Wilson won't have sbsist
longer by eating his words.
Senator Margaret Smith she thinks Ike prefers to
retire next Ike figures the Presidents pretty
but time he wants day off, he has
flint, Sherman Adams.
Democratic Senator Humphrey entitled 1.-THE
Importance of People, His text could be up three
little words Can Vote"
Actress Joan Crawford takes fourth husband first
arplane ride Nothing like fourth marriage
to try something
House Speaker Rayburn big rural roads
You can't beat these Democrats If get
farm SURPRISES other way, they'll pave 'em.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12

ical in effect and ceremonial
and advisory in method. That
does not mean, however, that
it could not mean a great deal
for the whole world if properly
utilized and followed up
for it could.
The President saw the top
level meeting as lasting no
more than three days. It's
chief task, as he envisaged it.
would be to define the areas in
which the Foreign Ministers
then would sit down and go to
work. perhaps for weeks and
maybe for months. Theirs
would be the burden of resolv-
ing differences so far as posi-
BILE.
= Among values in a meeting
of the heads of state, in the
Presidents opinion, would be
the opportunity fore each to
meet personally and thus
ascertain the atmosphere for
possible agreements to achieve
peace.
The President is confronted
with easily discernible politi-
cal risks, but with a chance,
too, of almost untold political
gains if the Big Four meeting
should be the beginning of an
end of the cold war and rela-
tive stability in the world.
In the approach to the con-
ference every precaution is be-
ing taken. BY eschewing de-
cisions at the top-level meet
ing. the President will be able
to escape personal responsible
ity and still will be able to keep
himself above controversy as
he has in his administration
UP to now. which is perhaps his
most efficacious political asset.
He thus will avoid the blame
put upon Woodrow Wilson for
Versailles and upon Franklin
D. Roosevelt and his associates
for Yalta. DeciSions-if any
are actually concluded-will be
arrived at slowly through the
process Of compromise at the
foreign minister level and thus
responsibility will be spread
and diluted.
For another precaution, as q
means Of sharing responsibility
politically. arrangements are
expected to include represent
tation from both parties in
Congress, probably drawn from
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
Reds Plan Tricks at Big 4 Talks

conflict in the Formosan
straits. called formally on
yesterday for a ceaSe-f1re in
that area and an American
and Chinese Communist pledge
not to use force.
If any fighting should de-
velop in the immediate future
it will be initiated by the Com
muniSts, who are building up
their strength to attack the
NationaliSt-held offshore is
lands. Mr.. Dulles has finally
told the world our exact in
tentions, which so far have
been kept secret from the
American people: The United
States would support the Ma
tionalists with air and naval
power only if the Communists
attack Formosa at the same
time they launch an offensive
against Quemoy and Matsu.
Nearly a month has elapsed
since Premier Chou En-lai an
nounced that his government
was willing to sit down and
discuss Far Eastern questions
with the United States alone.
After a little of the usual
Washington snafu, we &C.
cepted that suggestion.
1t Is clear to most observers
in Washington that despite
the present determination of
Mr.. Eisenhower to discuss with
the British, French, and Rus
sian Prime Ministers at their
meeting only matters concern
ing the cold war in Europe,
1t will be difficult for him to
avoid the main problem; the
liquidation of the two-China
question. Britain, France and
the USSR will insist that the
Nationalist regime be done
away with and the Commu-
nists be handed immedi-
ate sovereignty over the off,
shore islands while Formosa
be placed under some special
regime" temporarily. as q sop
to American public opinion.
NATO's formal call for q
cease-flre leaves no doubt in
the minds of our policy makers
that this will be the chief
problem to be discussed by the
Big -Four when they meet this
summer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12

ing. the foreign ministers who
undertook to advise Secretary
Dulles either had not read or
had decided to ignore the pub
lie announcements Of the
President and the United
States Secretary of State in
the past in which they made
clear that the United States
was not interested in the
off-shore islands as such but
only in the use that could be
made Of them by the Commun-
lists for an attack on Formosa.
The intersection Of the Far
Eastern issues in an organiza-
ton meeting devoted primarily
to the defense Of Europe is sur
prising, but not more so than
the evident indifference with
which American public opinion
is treated. Maybe the isolation
lists will be encouraged in their
belief that America has no true
friends in Europe and that in
a showdown there will be a
crisis in which American troops
will be left stranded. 1t begins
to look as if American friend
ship is not so seriously regard
ed. when a meeting of the
NATO Council can direct such
pointed barbS of criticism at
American policy in another re-
gion of the globe.
What happens in the Far
East is, Of course, a concern
Of European countries be-
cause the concentration rather
than the dispersal of American
military and financial re-
sources is desired in Europe.
as opposed to Asia. But
America has an ocean on each
side, and happens to have a
territory, known as Alaska,
which is close to Asia. She
has, moreover, an obligation
to protect the Philippines. 1t
is all the more disconcerting
to see the NATO Council 60
ing off on a tangent about
Asian affairs when it has no
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-12
MeteoroIoqists Elect

GENEVA, Switzerland, May IL
R.-David Arthur Davies, di-
rector of Weather Services in
British East Africa, was elected
director general of the World
Meteorological Organization
yesterday. He defeated Austin
H. Nagle, executive assistant in
the United States Weather Bu-
reau, 41-27, on the sixth ballot.
Evening star., 1955-10-02

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Evening star., 1955-10-02

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Evening star., 1955-10-02

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