davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21

AItCA AI1A oSAdCAAbct tCaNAASAo
and researchers in Britain and
to pay travel expenses for
British going to the United
States. The fifth annual re-
port Of the Fulhright program.
recently released. discioses that
q total Of nearly 5000 British
and American individuals have
received awards.
Eighty per cent Of the Brit
igh coming to the United
States under Fulbright travel
grants have won reEnunerative
teaching or research posts in
American universities. Despite
the difference In the cost Of
living. it's quite attractive to
a Cambridge physicist with q
PHI. D. to receive $4,000 for q
year at California Institute Of
Technology instead Of $1.70o
that he might be offered in
o British university.
A history professor from the
University Of Hull, recently at
the University OF Rochester
On. ", reports that. In addi-
ton to instituting a new course
in American history at Hull.
Il have already conducted two
adult education courses of "a
lectures at York and Hull with.
/ think. reasonable success"
Commenting on the broader
value Of his American expert
ence he states that II returned
considerably treasured as to
the basically liberal character
of American opinion tthough
in Rochester at the zenith OF
McCarthy's influence) and the
real progress the American
people were making toward the
goal Of intelligent world lead
ership."
Teachers
Perhaps one Of the most
far-reaching interchange pro-
grams is the Anglo-American
exchange of primary and
secondary school teachers. In
stituted In 1916. the plan has
enabled q total Of 1926 men
and women lecturers and
teachers to exchange posts
and. for q one-year period, do
their opposite numbers edu-
cational work In either Britain
or. America. One hundred
American teachers I'LL the
actual posts Of one hundred
British every year in both
private and public schools.
The United States Govern
rnent provides almost the en-
tire transportation cost for
both British and American
teachers through the Full
bright program. The teachers.
placed In both large cities and
small towns, have. In addition
to their regular duties, given
some 10000 talks to profess
sional, social. business and
religious groups In the two
countries.
Foreign Leaders
The program that is one OF
the smallest in numbers but
perhaps one Of the greatest
In impact is the Smith
Mundt foreign leader scheme.
entirely financed by the
United States Government -
and In operation since 1850.
In the current year IL infiu-
entail Britishers will have
visited the United States on
a three months tour, all ex-
penses paid These leaders"
include three Members of
Parliament. three trade
unionists. an educator, librar-
ian and an information officer.
They are chosen by the Amer
lean Embassy from q list SUBJ
mitted by an Anglo American
selection committee ON the
basis Of the contribution each
may be able to make in
spreading greater understand
ing Of the United States in
Britain.
The Results
Recent beneficiaries Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21
ny GEORGE w. CAKES

In the United States today
there are i've times as many
foreign students tapproxi-
mately $4,000 as before the
war ~ ample testimony Of
Americas world position in
science, industry. education
and the arts. In addition there
are an increasing number Of
adult students and travellers
in all conceivable subjects
from art to zoology.
This whole program Of the
interchange of persons Is one
Of the most effective and last
ing means of developing
abroad q true understanding
of this country and its people.
Private organizations, founda-
tons and the United States
Government all conduct extern
sive programs separately and
in cooperation.
In this whole activity--ill-
volving all nations Of the free
world--the two-way person.
al interchange between the
United States and Great Bri-
tain is both the oldest and
the most extensive. For ex-
ample, one quarter Of the 400
to 500 foreign visitors coming
to the United States under the
Fulbright program alone are
British.
2,250 Persons Involved
How many people are in
VOWED in this AngIo-American
interchange and In what gen.
eral fields Of study? Currently
there are some 1900 British
visitors studying. training or
travelling in the United States
under known programs aid a
little more than half that
number Of Americans in the
United Kingdom. In addition
hundreds If others are study
ing and travelling in the two
countries under arrangements
neither permanent nor reg
ular. Since the United States
has more colleges and univer-
stiles than the United King
dom it can offer more places
to students and therefore the
fiow Is greater towards Amer
lea.
The wide range OF these
Anglo-American interchanges,
particularly in the better
known schemes, clearly shows
the scope Of the program.
Just looking at the figures
Of British In America here ale
some Of the main eategories;
1876 students in the academic
field, 100 secondary school
teachers. 10 school children,
SO agriculture students. IS
speakers. Librarians. journalists
ETC.. including IL Smith
Mundt leader grantees. so
clergymen, 20 students Of med
icine and Z trade unionists.
The largest single scheme is,
Of course. the Fulbright fund
which financed the travel Of,
286 Britons To the United
States and 372 scholarships for
American students and teach
ers In Britain.
OF the British financed pro-
grams for study in the United
Kingdom the best known pri-
vate one is the Rhodes Trust
over so years old--which Sc
lects 80 Americans each year
Tor three years study at OK
ford. The most recent British
government scheme Is that Of
providing 10 scholarships,
named for Gen. Marshall,
to bring IL American students
to British provincial univer-
stiles.
Fulbright Program
Since the Fulbrisht program
is the largest, let's see how 1t
operates. In l948 the agree
inents were signed whereby, in
return for American-supplied
war materials. the British gov
eminent made available ster-
ling funds both TO finance
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21
Exchange Of Persons Program
HELPS Others Get to Know Us

United States Taxpayers in
yestm ent in international
travel believe their experiences
have furthered Anglo-Ameri-
can cooperation.
A well-known London politi-
cal columnist for a mass cir
culation daily considers that
his trip to the United States
q few years ago completely
altered his view of American
foreign policy. Il went to the
United States (January. 1851
thinking on the basis Of what
ia read that the American
people wanted q full-scale war
with China but when ! began
travelling around and talking
with ordinary people I met in
different parts of the country
! soon realized that their atti-
tude was as strong against
enlarging the Korean war as
was ours in Britain. AS a re-
suit Of this trip, I've been a
firm friend OF the United
States ever since"
The editor of a provincial
English paper who concen-
trated on smaller cities and
towns particularly In the Mid
die West makes these signifi-
cant comments: you go to
the heart of the Midwest ex-
pecting to find isolationism
and instead you discover a
genuine international interest
-. ! was greatly impressed by
an evening ] spent with four
farmers in Manhattan. Kans.
They had all Travelled
abroad and kept asking me
questions on all kinds Of for
eign subjects :. Also, / dis
covered that. contrary to the
impression given by the movies.
California is only California
not America -.
Il began to realize that one
OF the reasons it's hard for
British people to establish q
common bond with Americans
10 that the United States has
a standard Of living about IS
years ahead Of ours. This
great gap between the Ameri-
can and European standard of
living contributes to setting
America apart and Is broaden.
ing into an theological gap !.
Il was somewhat worried by
the moral attitude of Amer
icans--their desire to do
good" has both beneficial and
harmful aspects. s. I'm not
sure that Europeans want TO
have America try and change
the world in It's image even
though I admit the American
ization Of Europe has had
many beneficial results. :.
As a result Of my trip. I GER
tainly am much more SYM
pathetic to United States news
and more understanding IN di-
recting our treatment Of it. ;"
Labor MP's Reaction
Here are the reactions Of a
prominent Labor member of
the House Of Commons. for
merly a Junior Minister I'M
der Attlee: He was particu-
larly impressed by the strength
of American trade unionisn
and the extent to which It's
health and social services sup
plement those Of the State
and Federal Governments. He
remarked that in the United
States private organizations
like the labor unions perform
services which In Britain are
carried out by the state, and
therefore the total national
effort in such fields as health
Is greater in America than
British people realize.
He was also struck by the
efficiency and orderliness Of
the American National Park
system and the public sup
port 1t receives. In England
there evidently is the wide
spread opinion that ali Ameri-
can Fairgrounds resemble
Coney Island In their general
appearances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21

NAANsSASSN4
in Federal District Court in
Oregon. In this case Wards
employees were on strike and
the carrier unions threatened
Q secondary boycott. Northern
Pacific aecordingly curtailed
its service.
Vital Opinion
In awarding damages to
Montgomery Ward the court
emphasized that the interest
Of the public IL transcendent"
in carrier operations. Carriers.
1t said. are given sovereign
powers Of carriage on the
kings highway for hire. and
other well-known privileges
and as q result occupy
q position OF trust TO the pub
lie: II q carrier fails 10 use all
means within its power to keep
moving, IL may be subject TO
mandamus. injunctions or re-
ceivership.
Much of the courts COM
ment in the Ward case was
dictum and the facts. Of course,
differ from Capital Transit,s.
But. the opinion throws light
on the trend Of judicial think
ing In regard to receiverships
sought for quasi-publie corpo-
rationS.
A good example Of q stock
holder action occurred In
Nebraska some years ago when
the Lincoln Printing Co, dis
illusioned with the financial
setup Of the Midwest Utility
Co.--an interstate carrier
succeeded in having the latter
thrown into receivership,
Subsequently. other stock
holders who did not like the
policies Of the receivers
brought further action en-
deavoring to depose them in
favor Of q whole new manage
ment. While they did not
succeed, the case illustrates
some Of the difnculties In
herent In receivership.
The D. AS Role
One other statutory source
Of local receivership action Is
the United States district at
torney for the District Of Co
lumbia. II CTC Tor its sue
cessor) were guilty Of mis-
use. abuse or non-use Of its
corporate powers. then, under
District law. the DA could 60 to
court and petition for q forfeit
Of charter which might result
In receivership.
Some months back this law
was invoked In the case Of the
old Yellow Cab Co. Of Wash
ington which had obtained
but never used q taxi franchise.
Another company tthe cur
rently active Yellow Cab Coz
had to use this procedure to
get the name Of the books
before 1t could request a Dis
trict charter.
So far as CTC's present
management Is concerned,
Congress has obviated action
by the district attorney. Even
under such circumstances as
might warrant getting the
DA into the act. IL IL doubt
full ii the statute Is meant to
cover labor disputes.
OF the possible petitioners In
the Capital Transit situation.
the District government would
seem DO have the best chance
Of instigating receivership II It
felt that course desirable. OBJ
viously. 1t could champion the
collective cause Of thousands.
Stakeholder Domoge?
The stockholders might have
trouble showing sufficient dam
age. Even IL they alleged they
had been hurt by the Wolfson
regime Through loss Of fran
chise, etc. IL Is hard to see
how they could claim con-
tinuing damage since the
franchise Is already revoked.
Outsiders" espousing the
Montgomery Ward theory that
every carrier has q public duty
to keep its service available,
might conceivably petition for
receivership.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21
BY JOHN F. sEMBowER

EVANSTON, III. -- Whoop-
ing cough, once q leading
killer of youngsters. has been
tanned at last In a 28-year
campaign by q physician here
whose long efforts to perfect
q vaccine suggests parallels to
the work of DR.. Jonas Salk
on q polio vaccine.
Ofhcials Of the National
Society for Medical Research.
in tracing the efforts of more
than half century to find a
preventive for W hooptng
cough, see similarities between
the setbacks encountered
along the way by DR.. Louis
w. Sauer and the difficulties
of the polio vaccine program,
indicating that such work
commonly requires long years
for perfection. Setbacks along
the way apparently are in
evitable.
Beginning in Brussels y
Dr., Sauer began his re-
search in Brussels and the
Whooping Cough Hospital in
Vienna nearly three decades
$50. He carried 1t on here
,or many years in a tiny
frame cottage on the Evan
ston Hospital grounds.
His work has proceeded
with far less public notice
than that Of the polio re-
searchers because whooping
cough. although much more
widespread. never terrified
people as much with its kill
ing power. Nevertheless. un-
til lately it was one of the
expected plaques of child
hood, bringing with it weeks
of strenuous coughing, fever.
nausea and respiratory COM
plications which ranked 1t
high among the cause of in
FAINT deaths.
Not until the last few years
was the largely unheralded
work of Dr.. Sauer and his as
sistant. Mrs. Eva Markley,
finally crowned with full sue
cess--development of the first
full effective and safe whoop-
ing cough vaccine.
To-day the disease seems
well on the way to becoming
a disease Of the past. The ques-
ton. Have you had whooping
cough yet?" Is heard far less
frequently. Dr.. Sauer and his
associate are being hailed by
their medical research col
leagues.
The search for a whooping
cough vaccine began long be-
fore the turn of the century.
It was at the Pasteur Institute
in Brussels In 1905 that the
whooping cough germ, a coc-
co-bacillus, first was isolated
and grown successfully in the
laboratory.
Mainly chiId's Disease
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-21
Mainly chiId's Disease

Although especially a disease
of childhood because many
adults appeared to develop a
natural immunity as in the
case Of polio, 1t could afflict
people Of any age. After an
incubation variously estimated
at from 2 to 10 days. the in
lection started in the respira-
tory mucous membrane. 1t
progressed through a catarrhal
first stage lasting from 10 to IA
days TO the prolonged stage Of
violent recurring paroxysras Of
convulsive coughing, accom-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13

the most expensive. but rather the
clothing that exhibits the best
taste. which is available to all
budgets and definitely eliminates
those wild. manufactured creations
replete with zoot and rect pleat.
If your build is average or below.
naturally good tailoring will en-
phasize your positives and mini
mize your negatives and. above
all, knowing that you are we'll
dressed will give you confidence.
Obviously. there is no effective way
to camoufiage your build when
attired in swimming trunks. If
you're really concerned. you take
your sad shape to a gym regularly.
If you've rated your brains as
average or calves. you can sue
cessfully compensate for this by
assiduously developing whatever
artistic talents you may possess:
also by making yourself into an
expert on something or other. Any
and all of these efforts will give
you additional confidence which is
the basic key to correct dating
attitude.
If YOU'VE rated your humor as
very much lacking. don't compen-
safe for it by learning collection
of miserable jokes and spouting
them parrotwise. And don't become
a practical joker or attempt to be
the life of the party" Your best
move in this particular instance is
to conhne yourself to the passive
role-learn to appreciate the other
persons humor and show it.
Rating oneself low on dancing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13

ture. Nevertheless. culture proves
real. lasting pleasure for more
reasons than just femme-fetching.
A few extra hints: The leer.
whistle and wolf howl are obsolete
as well as unflattering to a woman.
Talk, don't howl.
Cavemen are also passe. With
few exceptions. today's girl does
not consider herself a helpless.
plant little creature. subject to
her masters bidding. Thus. the
assault-and-battery technique is
just about as effective as fishing
for trout with club.
SOME men have the theory that
talking with girl isn't the same
as talking with people - so why
bother when actions speak louder
than words. In days of old when a
woman's activities were supposed
to be confined to motherhood.
cookery and cleanliness. when she
was considered handy kind of
all-in-one household gadget, this
might have been a splendid
approach. But today / assure you
she places high value on her brains.
To conclude. learn how to
appraise your quarry properly by
not having any odd misconcep-
tons as to what the girls like and
are. Evaluate yourself honestly
and then make the self-improve-
ments where needed. Don't be
half-suave -- be smooth. mister.
NO PHONY FRIENDSHIPS,
please. says Rosemary CiOOney
in next areek' etiquette column.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-13

lone of the de luxe items. i.e..
obtainable by ALI can be quickly
corrected. You might pick a girl
who is good dancer and elect her
your teacher.
If you've rated "Lilliputian" in
athletics. don't get upset. The
older you get, the more insignifi-
cant you will realize it was not to
have been Olympic material. How
ever, for a well-balanced personal
ity and good health. some form of
athletics is always advisable.
Maybe you scored your cultural
proclivities only average. This is
a piece of de luxe equipment that
glitters like gold. yet costs nothing
but effort to acquire. Culture has
been relegated to a very minor role
these days. Consequently. few he
men dare to admit to a knowledge
and love of art. music and litera-
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1955-07-14

Miss Marilyn Prothero and
Richard Wiley visited with the
latter's moher, Mrs. Hattie Wiley,
Of Caldwell over the weekend.
Mrs. Marion Tarleton Whea-
ton and daughters, Debbie and
Christie, Of Worthington, are
spending this week in the home
Of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Howard Tarleton, Of Cumberland
street.
4 Mr.. and Mrs. Clayton Love and
family have returned to their
home in Columbus after visiting
in the homes of their parents,
Mrs. M. c, Johns, Of Playground
street and Mr. and Mrs. Edgar
Love, of Caldwell route 5.
Mrs. Margaret Hendershot, of
Quaker City, visited the past
week with friends in Caldwell.
Mr.. and Mrs. Sale Johns, of
Steubenyille, visited his mother,
Mrs. Gertrude Johns, of Fair
ground street the latter part Of
last week on their way home
from visiting with their son,
Sale, Jr., who is serving with
the U. S. Air Force stationed at
Enid, Okla.
Sally Parrish has returned to
her home on Caldwell route 5,
after two weeks visit in the
home of Mr. and Mrs. Forrest
Gardner in East Canton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Wilson,
Jean and Candice, Of Sharon,
spent Sunday visiting with Will
lard Wilson in Canton.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1955-07-14

Visitors at the home of Mr..
and Mrs. Fred C. Boeshaar, Of
Main street, Sunday were their
son, Mr.. and Mrs. Gilbert F.
Boeshaar and son, Gregory, of
Springfield.
M/Sgt. and Mrs. Everett Smith
and sons, Robert and Pete have
arrived in Caldwell from Fort
Monmouth, N. j., where Sgt.
Smith has served the past three
years with the U. S. Army. Sgt.
Smith will leave Friday for Ft.
Lewis, Wash, and from there he
will 60 to Nome, Alaska, to serve
one year. Mrs. Smith, the former
Ruth Mcdonald, and sons will
remain in Caldwell.
Mr.. and Mrs. William John
son and family, of Jefferson, are
visiting this week with Mrs.
Grace Johnson and Mr.. and Mrs.
Donald Conaway, of Caldwell.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Davis and
children, Of Clarksburg, w. Va,
spent the weekend with Mrs.
Mary GrlfflthS and B. B. Wheel
er, Of Caldwell.
MIR. and Mrs. Frank Kline, of
CircleVille, were weekend visit
ors IN the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Bud Ralston and daughter, Toni,
of North street.
Mrs. Lelah Cutler Besier and
children, of Savannah, Ga, call
ed on Mayme Sealock last Tues
day. Mrs. Beiser and Miss Sea
lock were high school class
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1955-07-14
Stafford Methodist Charge

w. Paul Brown, Pastor
Connor's Ridge Church
school at 1000 a. m.
Worning worship, 1900 a. m.
The Sacrament of the Lords
Supper will be celebrated.
Official board meeting immedi-
ately following the morning SER
vice.
Mt. Tabor - Church school at
1000 a. m.
Stafford - Church school at
1000 a. m.
Evening worship, 500 p. m.
The Sunday Service of John
Wesley will be used.
Official board meeting at 800
p. m. on July 20.
Sutherland - Worship Wor-
ship at $50 a. m.
The Sacrament of the Lords
Supper will be celebrated.
Church school at 1890 a. m.
Charge announcements:
The Women'S Society of Chris
tian Service will meet at 800
p. m. at the Stafford church on
July l9. Mrs. Harry Mcconnell
is the program leader.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1955-07-14
Baiesville

BATESVILLE - Grange met
Monday evening, conferring the
first and second degree on some
candidates. Refreshments of
sandwiches and coffee were
served.
Sanda, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Donald Belts, is a patient
in Chic Valley hospital for OBJ
servation
Bob Deal of Columbus spent
the weekend with parents, Mr..
and Mrs. III. F. Deal.
Elizabeth OSler Of Columbus
is visiting Stella Osler and son,
Stanley.
Mrs. Pauline Wheatley of Mas
sillon visited her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. S. H. Hyett, the past
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold House of
Kennonsburg visited with Mr..
and Mrs. Ross House, Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Heber McPeek
and family spent Sunday with
relatives in Lore City.
Steven Laber of East Palestine
is spending his vacation with his
grandparents, Mr.. and Mrs. H..
B. House.
Mr.. and Mrs. Claude Edwards
spent the weekend with Pearl
Cline.
Mrs. Emma Long left Sunday
to spend a few days with her
son, Robert Long, of Dayton.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Long and
son, of Lorain, returned to their
home Sunday after visiting rela-
tiVes here and at Quaker City.
Mr.. and Mrs. Leslie Weber of
Columbus spent Saturday and
Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs. David
Belts.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Christ
ner and son, Billie, of Akron,
were recent visitors of Mr.. and
Mrs. Halbert Eagon.
Mrs. Mary Roe of SteubenVille
is visiting her son, Mr.. and Mrs.
Harold Roe.
Mrs Frank Atkinson spent last
week with her daughter, Mrs.
Allen Floyd and family, of Quak-
er City.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1955-07-14

Rev. and Mrs. w. M. Bates
left Caldwell, Friday to visit
with their daughter, Rev. and
Mrs. Richard Hanson in Bowling
Green after spending the past
week with relatives in Caldwell
and Noble county.
Recent visitors in the home
OF Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Ball, Of
Playground street, were Rev. and
Mrs. w M. Bates, of Greenacres
City, Fla; Mr.. and Mrs. Aaron
Bates and granddaughter, Bon
ME Bates Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
King, of Summerfield route and
w. D. Parry, of Caldwell.
Sharlie Dickinson and son,
Harlie, of Massillon, were re-
cent guests at the home Of Mr..
and Mrs. Ivan Ziler, of Fair
ground street. They also visited
their brother and uncle, Har-
ley Dickinson, of near Renrock.
Mrs. John Zeigler and chill
dren, jeanne, Jimmie and David,
Mrs. Hattie Swingle and Mrs.
Mae Osborne, Of GAINESVILLE,
visited Wednesday with Mrs
William Rucker, of Hillcrest.
MIR. and Mrs. John Maiers, of
GAINESVILLE, visited last Saturday
evening with Mrs. Mildred Zim-
norman, of North street.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. L. Williams
and daughters, of ST. Clairsville,
were recent guests in the home
of Mrs. Williams brother, Mr..
and Mrs. Glen Slay and family,
of Caldwell route.