davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-27
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike reveals Soviet Premier Bulganin said he hoped Ike
would for reelection Poor Ada Stevenson Probably the
best Endorsement he'll get from thrate Communist
nobody ever heard Of.
It's lucky for the Republican Party that Secretary Tai
bott doesn't smoke he had to take $132ooo
worth Of outside jobs to make his cigarette money.
The United States will confer with Red China week
One conservative Republican lamens that he doesn't
what to do about Communists more-whether
on the back before or after he investigates EN-.
The TeamsterS Union gives Boss Dave Beck a 100000
house That's the trouble with life guy works hard year
after year-and winds charity
The Government says the of living up in June
The people beginning trust the Republicans They figure
the Republicans will give them much imitation as the
Democrats
Congress compulsory military program
This is going to cut down stories about Army life the
time gets through with his military service he'll be
old
Evening star., 1955-07-27
DAVID LAWRENCE
The Ethics of the Talbot Affair

Edward F. Howrey was for
merly the attorney for the
Firestone company, and is now
chairman Of the Federal Trade
Commission. When the Fire
stone case came up before the
commission. he took no part
in it. When the commission
voted three to none to file an
appeal from the court deci-
sion which was in favor of the
Firestone company, Mr.. How
rey urged the Department of
Justice to appeal the case to
a higher court. which is ex-
actly the opposite from the
position he had once taken on
that issue as q private lawyer.
He thinks he should be COM
mended for this action, but
Representative Joe L. Evins,
Democrat of Tennessee, men,
ber of the House Small Busi-
ness Committee, said Mr.. How
rey's action had raised q grave
ethical question"
Perhaps the Talbot case
will focus attention on the en-
tire issue of ethics in the Gov
ernment. but the biggest single
phase will probably not be
touched. 1t is that substantial
contributions to campaign
funds of members of Congress
are made by individuals con-
nected with companies or labor
unions which have a continu-
ing interest in legislation be-
fore Congress. Until and unless
Congress passes a law pro-
hibiting campaign contribu-
tions in excess of a nominal
sun-$10 or $25-members of
Congress will still be beholden,
theoretically at least, to the
large campaign contributors.
and the question of ethics will
never really be removed from
the realm of public criticism
This correspondent many
years ago suggested that cam
paign contributions be limited
by law to very small sums, but
the argument has always been
made in rebuttal that the cost
OF soliciting small contribu-
tions is prohibitive and con-
sumes virtually all the re-
ceipts. The fact is that it has
never had a trial, and that's
about the only way to resolve
the issue.
Reproduction Rtghts Reserved
Evening star., 1955-07-27

No sooner did President
Eisenhower set foot on Amer
ican soil than. a surprise an.
nouncement" was made: The
United States and Red China
viii talk over on the ambas-
sadorial level the question Of
the release of 81 American
prisoners officially known to
be held in Communist China.
The first forecast" that
something like that was in the
wind came from the admin
istration's spokesman on i'm
portant inste irrational matters.
Democratic. Senator Walter
George, wfuo was also the first
to forecast our acceptance to
attend the meeting at the
"summit."a
Within .1ess than "a hours
the State Department made
the momfAntous announcement
that conversations with the
Chinese Communists would
start next Monday. Besides
the que stion of repatriating
the Americans, the two am
bassadolJs win explore how ito
facilitate further discussions
and settlements of certain
other practical matters now at
issue b'itween both countries"
This Sc ems to cover the whole
waterfl sont.
The reinsurance given to the
American people after his con-
ference at the White House by
Senator Knowland, Republican
Of California, that the ad-
minist ration does not con-
template taking up questions
affect ing the Nationalist gov
ernm'ent without their pres
ence, was not completely
reass, firing. There have been
"insp fred" indications from
the State Department that If
the Chinese Reds prove them
selves understanding" and re-
turn the American captives,
the lsoad might be open to dis
cuss other important topics
SUCH as q cease-fire in the
Evening star., 1955-07-27

the crime hearings which
launched his original presiden-
tial boom.
It may surprise the cynical
sophistocates Of this. Capital
to learn that there is actually
a tremendous amount of in
terest in the subjects being
covered by the Kefauver sub
committee. Parents, the clergy
and educational elements OF
all kinds are following them in
numbers unsuspected here,
where the term social program
has all but come to mean an
evening of bourbon and soda.
Whether or not Kefauver's
motives are suspect, there is
reason to believe that more
mothers and fathers are wor-
ried about the problems be-
aforementioned than they are
about Dixon-Yates or For
mosa. Men and women are
sitting all day in hot court
rooms to hear witnesses talk
about preventive measures
against the spread of juvenile
violence. This time there are
no glamour gals or gangster
molls to entertain them; two
thirds of the testimony is
sober, indeed.
Senator Kefauver points to
this sobriety when he argues
that his political opponents
need not fear his hearings.
His hearings lack drama and
always will lack drama be-
Evening star., 1955-07-27

sake of propaganda" one
makes a half-baked proposal
that opens up more problems
han the unlocking of Pan
fora's box.
The Presidents proposal is
Incompatible with American
aw. It amounts to open es-
oionage openly arrived at.
Practically speaking, aerial
reconnaissance cannot reveal all
military secrets. nor, indeed,
the most important ones,
presently secured against the
curiosity of even the most
patriotic American citizens.
If the object were genuinely
to expose our entire military
establishment, the Rosenbergs
should be resurrected to CO.
operate.
To implement it would raise
the bitterest controversy in
American history and give rise
to rumors and recriminations
Of suppressions by both sides.
The Russians would still be in
a better position to hide oper-
ations than we.
The danger is that neither
the Russians nor anybody else
will take 1t seriously, seeing in
it just another of those off,
the-cuff moves-that it will be
viewed with contempt by the
Russians and evaporation by
our allies.
The lack of Western unity
was palpable. Mr.. Faure's
sponsorship Of disarmament
control by budgetary means
was unsupported by the Ameri-
cans and British.
Who can control the Soviet
military budget, or, for that
matter, the American? There
are secret funds in all budgets,
expended for such essentially
military purposes as espionage
and psychological warfare.
Even the Congress Of the
United States knows little
about the expenditures Of our
Evening star., 1955-07-27
Kefouver's Star Rising Again

cause they are concerned with
prevention Of crime.
He was brought to them, he
says, by the original crime
hearings. In that memorable
probe he saw about 1000
hoodlumS, gangsters and gun
molls. More than two-thirds Of
them, he says, told sordid
stores of slums, broken homes
and harsh punishment in regu-
lar prisons for early and minor
offenses, prisons where they
met hardened criminals.
The Senator says that ne de-
cided then he could do nothing
for present offenders but he
could do something for the
next generation.
The moral forces now behind
Aefauver are largely unseen
IN Washington but they are
important in this country and
have ways of making them
selves felt. The hearings show
that the clergy. especially, is
alarmed TO find that while
churchgoing obviously is on
the rise, so is juvenile violence.
Kefauver as of now has no
political plans other than to
wait and see. In Chicago he
conferred genially with Steven
son by telephone, Stevenson
being too languid in the hot
weather to come to town. He
has had bronchial pneumonia.
The Senator from Tennessee
is not, however, unduly modest
about future possibilities. And
his friends assert he is the
leading personality in the
Senate among the people,
despite the great names 50
much honored in the Capital.
Evening star., 1955-07-27
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Post2Eeneyo Reversal Seen as Reds
Seek to Barter American Prisoners

Formosan straits, where there
has not been even desultory
firing for several months, and
especially resumption of trade
relations. Insofar as the much
talked-of cease-f1re is con-
cerned, we have never been
actively involved in the earlier
affrays. If any such talks are
necessary, they should take
place between the involved
parties, Free and Communist
China, with our sitting in the
role of friend of the court"
The administration seems to
have reversed itself after the
Geneva conference In more
than one way. Heretofore it
has held the view that the
Peiping Communists are hold
ing our people as pawns. whose
freedom they intended to bar
ter for major political con-
cessions. The administration
and many of its spokesmen
held emphatically that some of
the American prisoners had in
effect been kidnapped; the men
in uniform were held in dis
regard of the Korean armi-
stice. One does not reward the
kidnaper. it was said. for hay-
ing returned his victim or the
bank robber for having re-
turned the loot. Yet within "a
hours after President Eisen-
hower's triumphal return from
Geneva, this new unexpected
development occurred, to the
amazement Of all those who
professed to know that we had
not changed our position in
the Far East at the summit
conference.
To the chroniclerS Of the
future, Geneva will be a city
Of Ill omen insofar as its role
as a political gathering place
is concerned. 1t was the seat
Of the Inflated League Of
Nations; 1t was there that the
French surrendered Indo-
China to the Communists, and
1t may be that 1t was at
Geneva again that some prom
Evening star., 1955-07-27
DORIS FLEESON
Recent Hearings on Morality Topics
Have Stirred Great Public Interest

The question of Senator
Estes Kefauver's presidential
possibilities matter many
of his colleagues would prefer
to ignore, as would Adlai
Stevenson-will soon come to
the fore again.
Within the past month
Kefauver as chairman of a Ju-
dietary subcommittee has con-
Quoted hearings in New York,
Los Angeles and Chicago on a
wide range Of morality topics,
including pornographic comic
books, lewd photographs, in
creased violence in TV show
ings and suggestive advertising
of motion pictures. Little no
ticed here, the hearings at
tracted packed crowds and
excellent coverage, including
local Nv.
Funds for the subcommittee
are practically exhausted, so
the time is at hand when Ke-
fauver must ask the Senate
for more. Whatever is then
done or said publicly. the
cloakrooms will most certainly
have much to say about the
motives of the Senator from
Tennessee.
The politicians, perhaps
joined by the press, will be
inclined to pass off these mo-
rality hearings as an attempt
by Kefauver to keep his name
before the public. He will be
widely accused of trying to re-
peat his 1951-52 success with
Evening star., 1955-07-27

Just what is ethical" or
"unethical" in the day-by-day
conduct of persons who enter
the Government service from
business and the professions?
The case of Harold Talbot,
Secretary Of the Air Force,
sharpens the issue. He told the
Senate committee, when he
was confirmed for his present
post in 1858, that he was Civ
ing up all his connections ex-
cept one, his special partner
ship in Paul B. Mulligan & Co.,
a management engineering
firm. He said in recent testi-
mony that he had not in any
way promoted business for the
Mulligan compan yin connec-
ton with Air Force contracts.
Testimony was adduced that
Mulligan company in connec-
from contractors who had de-
fense contracts with the Gov
eminent. and some of them
had a negligible amount with
the Air Force. Was it ethical
for Mr.. Talbot to continue
this partnership after his con-
f1rmation, and should the Sen
ate committee have told him
that it was unethical when he
was confirmed? Should any
official engage in a sideline of
a money-making nature while
drawing a salary from the
Government as a full-time en-
ploye?
The late President Franklin
D. Roosevelt didn't see any
thing improper in allowing his
private secretary, Louis Howe,
to receive more than $1,000 a
week from a public utility
company for a broadcast over
a national radio network. Nor
did Mr.. Roosevelt see anything
improper in intervening from
the White House with business
men to help his sons in their
commercial endeavorS.
But all this was under
a Democratic administration.
Officials Of the Eisenhower
Republican administration are
supposed to be above such
things.
It develops, however, that
Mr.. Talbot, while Secretary of
Evening star., 1955-07-27
Exchange Of Arms Data Is Unlawful;
Reds May View Plan With Contempt

Senator Knowland refused
to comment on the Presidents
sensational suggestion at Ge-
neva that the United States
and the Soviet Union let each
other know everything about
each others military estab-
lishments, and that Russian
reconnaissance planes be per-
mittted to fly all over the
United States, with similar
privileges granted Americans
in Russia. The Senator said
he preferred to wait until the
Geneva Conference was over
and the whole picture could
be analyzed. That might be
good advice for a columnist.
if events halted long enough
to permit adequate delibera-
ton before something else re-
quired admission to considera-
ton.
My. impression of this con-
ference, as of all others in
which an American Chief of
State has participated in the
past IL years, is that the Pres
ident went into it inadequately
prepared, and without a fun
damental agreement with his
partners regarding what would
be proposed.
, There was evidence of con-
siderable improvisation, of
which the Presidents call to
Exchange arms blueprints"
was the most startling. The
general reaction here and
abroad, insofar as the press
and Congress reflects it, was
that it was a propaganda move
in the certainty that the Rus
slams would not accept.
The President, throughout
the conference, was bent on
making a demonstration of al
most unlimited American good
will and showing the Russians
that they had nothing to fear
from the United States.
But one can overdo this, and
always does overdo it, II for the
Evening star., 1955-07-27
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Results of Improvising at Geneva

counterintelligence apparatus.
Sir Anthony Eden had
French opposition to his pro-
posal to demilitarize the Ger
man East Zone in a united
Germany otherwise allied with
the West. The French remem-
Der the demilitarized Rhine
land. Eden, throughout, made
specific proposals of a nego-
table character, that were not
proclamations. In all he said
one saw the hand of an ac-
complished diplomatist-which
none OF the other chiefs of
state were.
There is no doubt that he
precisely reflected the views of
his Foreign Minister, Mr.. Mac
milan, or that Premier Bull
ganin fully represented For
eign Minister Molotov. But
there Is doubt that the presi-
dent was speaking at all points
for Mr.. Dulles, or Mr.. Faure
for his Foreign Minister, M.
Pinay. :
The Russian game was made
clear in the two texts present.
ed, both having to do with an
all-European system of COL
lective security which we have
again postponed analyzing be-
cause of the Presidents later
proposal.
The Russians believe that
automatically speaking time is
on their side. 1.-THE situation is
not yet ripe for German unfit
cation" implies their convic-
ton that it will ripen in a
Russian sun. And every West
ern rift and American improy-
isation aids and encourages
them.
Evening star., 1955-07-27
Long Line of Precedents Demonstrates
Persistence and CompIexity of Issue

the Air Force, wrote letters to
friends of long standing and
told them about the services
Of the engineering company,
which it appears saved a lot
Of money for its clients be-
cause Of the introduction of
efficient methods.
II Mr.. Talbott's action is
considered now to be unethi-
cal, what was the RESPONSE
bility of the Senate committee
which confirmed him and
failed to look into it?
What is the responsibility
also of the House and Sen
ate today with respect to those
members who continue to
receive regular income from
their law firms back home
whose clients do business with
the Government of the United
States?
Many members of Congress
act as attorneys in local and
State courts for labor unions
as well as corporations, and
receive fees while they are
serving in the House of Rep
preventative or the Senate. Is
it ethical for this practice to
be continued?
Many members of Congress
make speeches and receive
large sums as "honorariums."
Some Of these fees come from
labor unions and from trade
associations, many of which
are interested in legislation
pending before Congress. Is it
ethical for members of Con-
gress to accept such fees?
Averell Hartman was Sec
retary of Commerce in Presi-
dent Trurnan's cabinet, but
was not requested to give UP
his huge holdings in the Union
Pacific Railroad.
Martin Durkin was Secre-
tary of Labor in President Eli
senhower's cabinet, and the
Senate voted confirmation
without requesting him to
sever his relations with the
plumbers union with which
he still had a contract, though
he was given leave of absence
and his pension rights were
continued while he was on
duty in the Government.
Evening star., 1955-07-27
Disney Film Wins

SAN SEBASTIAN, Spain, July
27 P.-A Walt Disney short
subject and an Italian feature
length movie won top honors at
the worlds first color film festi.,
val here yesterday. The Italian
winner was the Aim Of Giuseppe
di Santi's "Giorni d'Amore"
(days of love). Mr.. Disney's was
"Zim- -Zim, Bown-Bown."
Evening star., 1955-07-27
Hail Destroys Crop

ROME, July ~ up. -- Hail
pelted the Parma area of North
ern Italy yesterday and de-
stroyed up to 30 per cent Of the
corn crop over $50 square miles.
Authorities said the damage
would run into millions of
dollars.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16

praiSing tn e
rule Of King
Norodom ST.
h a n o u k
(NOH : rob :
dom See-hah-
N X. On
his arrival at
M a Mia he
learned the
80 = year : old
monarch had
abdicated. The
kin g desig-
mated his So
Y e a r = o ! d
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16

father, Prince Ming Sihanouk
Suramarit (Soo-rah-MAH-rit)
but it is believed that the new
regime will be dominated by his
mother.
While in Saigon tSigh- GON /,
capital of South Wet Nam. Mr..
Dulles had to mend the political
fences of Premier Ngo Dinh
Diem tNgoh Din DESCEND. He
had to talk about this matter
with Gen. Paul Ely tPol En-
Leo, French Commissioner for
Indo- China, and with former
Ambassador Henri Bonnet (Ahn-
Rec Boh-NEH.
The White House released the
text of a letter from President
Eisenhower to the Wet Namese
Chief Of State BaO Dali (BAH-
oh DAH-ee), giving virtually
identical assurance about United
States aid to Wet Nam. Bao, the
former Emperor of AMMAN,
(Ann-Amm), is still in the
French Riviera.
(Al rights reserved.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16
Our Presidents
By Honore M. CotudoI

y E
To-day is the 204th an
niversary Of the birth Of a
President who is known as the
Father of the Constitution"
Which President?
2-The United States Mill
tary Academy at West Point
was established by a law
which the President signed
1853 years ago today. Which
President?
(Which President said.
Here in America we are de-
scended in blood and in spirit
from revolutionaries and rebels
men and women who dared
to dissent from accepted doc
trine2"
ANSWERS on Next Pagel
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16
4-40 THE EVENING STAR
washington. . C
WEDNESDAY, MAKCH lB, 1855
Contract Bridge
By EosIey bIockwood

Mr.. Muzzy goes all out for
every new bidding or playing
convention that comes along. It
takes him q year or so to ind
out about them. but when he
does he makes up for lost time
by butchering them magnifi-
Gently.
South dealer, both sides yul-
nerable.
NORTH.
(Mr. Dale)
A532
2K54
oAJ65
@754
WEST. EAST.
(Mr. Muzzy) (Mr. Meek
AQJ1076 A98
0872 %
o1042 oKQ873
as %QJl083
SOUTH.
(Mr Champion)
AAK4
0AQJ1oS6
%
&AK6
The bidding:
South. West. North. East.
~ Pass 80 Pass
80 Pass SO Pass
go All pass
The suit preference signals
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16

A reader from Syracuse writes:
1--WE use dear as a term of af-
lection or high regard. Why.
then, do we say of something
very expensive that it is too
'dear'?"
The original word was the
Anglo Saxon deere, precious"
therefore, costly" To deere
was added the Anglo Saxon suf-
Ak ling. producing the word
deorling. which became the Eng
lish word darling.
In o similar manner the Latin
word carus, dear. beloved. cost
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16
AWord TO the Wise

w." evolved into the French cher
(masculine) and chere Gem
inine), which mean beloved.
costly" There is no suffix Ling
in French, therefore the. French
equivalent Of darling was formed
thus: Cheri, masculine: cherie.
feminine.
Now the French cher ("dearD
did not enter English in exactly
that form. But we did borrow
cher and attach the Anglo-Saxon
-ish to 1t, producing the hybrid
word, cherish. Also we borrowed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16

the French word charlie, which
meant originally "love of God
and humanity" tfrom the Latin
caritas, "dearness, high ptice")
and which became the English
word charity.
The Latin carus, dear. costly"
entered Italian as carezza. This
entered French as caresse. which,
in turn, became the English word
caress.
Sweetheart Is a strictly Eng
lish word which evolved from
the Anglo-Saxon swete heorte.
The idea Of o beloved person
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16
BY Mrs. Frank Colby

being a sweet heart" also u
English. The French equivalent
Is amoureuse (feminine, loved
one"), amoureux .(rnasculine).
The Italian equivalent is innam-
orata, from amore. love" The
Spanish term is querida Gem
inine), from the verb querer. ITO
desire" The usual German term
Is schatz, which means literally
treasure" Germans also use
the words herzchen, little
heart" and geliebte. sloysC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-16
Famous Fables
By {. {. Edqur

REGRET-One day at re-
hearsal, theatrical manager
Henry Miller could not get
the cast to play a scene in a
satisfactory manner. Again
and again. he had the actors
repeat their lines. but the
result was unsatisfactory.
The afternoon was draw
ing to a close and Miller
could bear it no longer.
Falling on his knees in front
Of the startled cast. he looked
UP at the ceiling and cried
out In an anguished voice:
Lord, I have tried and
tried to give these people the
benefit of my genius. I have
struggled and bled for them.
But now I can do no more.
I leave them in Your hands"
Miller paused. He took
out a handkerchief and
wiped away a tear. Then
he continued:
You'll be sorry. Lord"
PEREZ Will
Rogers and a friend were
discussing the works of au-
thor photographer Noah
Webster.
HE was famed for his
command of the language"
said the friend. HE gave
many lectures on the sub
ject. His English was per-
| feet"
Mine would be, too,"' re-
piled Rogers, IF I wrote my
own dictionary"