davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19

them, there can be no doubt that the
Finnish people las their Premier has
said - will welcome the move with great
Joy" And their leaders, who are in Mos
COW for special negotiations. undoubtedly
will reciprocate by agreeing to renewal
of their friendship treaty" with the
USSR.
OF course, in restoring the Porkkala
enclave to the Firms, the Russians are
not giving up anything of Importance
to them in the atomic hydrogen age.
From the propaganda standpoint, how
ever, their gesture can hardly fail to be
effective in Europe and elsewhere, and
they have plainly indicated that they
intend to exploit 1t as an argument
against the continued maintenance OF
American bases overseas Phony as this
line may be, its influence on international
public opinion ought not to be under
estimated.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
LETTERS TO THE STAR

dence. The kind Of loyalty
all our professional soldiers
need is that founded on reas-
raable incentives to re-enlist.
Love of country, founded on
fair play and equal social
justice, win guarantee more
resistance to Communist
brutality than our present
attitude of indifference and
abandonment. We have q
duty to make re-enlistment
attractive. This means to
make a soldiers pay genuinely
competitive with civilian in
dustry. We should give them
better housing. improved ma
ternity and dependency care.
The same incentives which
make a soldier re-enlist are
the best ones to make him
resist brainwashing. And in
the long run they win be the
most economical and effective.
Thomas e. MattingIy, MD.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Peron and His Future

Reports from Argentina are too frag-
mentary and conflicting at the moment
for any outsider to be able to tell whether
or not President Juan Peron will succeed
in quelling the latest uprising against
him. The only thing clear about the re-
bellion is that it Is more widespread. and
apparently better organized, than any OF
its predecessors. Further than that, 1t
involves dissident elements not merely OF
the navy and air force, but Of the army as
well-the same army whose loyalty saved
Peron in the abortive revolt of June Is.
AS he has repeatedly demonstrated,
Argentinas dictatorial President has
gift for riding out storms and extricating
himself from tight spots, and the claims
now being put out by his government sug-
gest that he will not fail to do the same
thing once again. But rebel counter
claims-which may be no more unreliable
than Peron's-indicate that he has real
fight on his hands this time and that MS
downfall, after almost ten years OF ruth
less demagogic rule, lies at least within
the realm Of possibility. In any event,
even il he manages to survive the current
crisis, the foundations OF his personal
power will almost certainly be shaken to
a degree that could well force him OUT OF
Office.
After all, how can dictator continue
to dictate with self-confdence when his
country's armed forces are divided against
him? How can he rest easy when there
are recurrent uprisings against his re-
CINE? How can Peron pretend to speak
for Argentina when he has alienated great
masses of its overwhelmingly Catholic
population? How can he hope for the
majority's support when his policies have
done grave injury to the national econ
omy? How can he be sure OF the loyalty
of any individual or group military or
non-military-when he has repressed lid
erty and deliberately sown the seeds OF
disunity, setting class against class, IN
land that remembers how prosperous and
happy and free 1t was In the days before
he came to power?
These are questions that speak pretty
much for themselves. No matter what the
outcome of the present rebellion, Peron Is
a dictator standing on decidedly shaky
ground. The new revolt may be put down,
and he may still, cling to office, but MS
future is nonetheless more uncertain now
than at any time in his stormy past.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Torture Training

The Presidents code OF con-
duct for prisoners at war was
indeed excellent and timely.
The conduct of some prisoners
of war during the Korean war
was really not becoming to "a
citizen" Of these United States.
The % who chose to remain
behind. instead Of returning
to their homeland, were %
too many.
To train and prepare our
seryicemen for tough treat
ment by the hands Of our
enemy is necessary. But I am
afraid our trainers are not
doing the right thing in giving
our service personnel torture
treatment" as described In the
Newsweek article. For one
reason at least, that we can't
tell In advance how much. or
what kind of tortures they will
meet. For instance. this tor
ture school trains the men to
be able to stand a 36-hour in
terrogation. Suppose they have
trained every one Of these
trainees to be able to stand a
36-hour interrogation. Then.
If the enemy subjects~them to
81 hours or more interroga-
ton, all the efforts we have
spent on these men will be
wasted. because the fact that
the men have been trained to
stand a 36-hour Interrogation
m axes their psychological
capacity anticipate only SO
hours interrogation, and the
36-hour interrogation may be
their ultimate capacity to
stand extended Interrogation
with or without any training.
No. matter how willing the
trainees may have been, If
these lessons were really real
istic they will leave an UNI
pleasant taste in their minds.
and when the time comes to
be subjected to the same type
of tortures at the hands Of
the enemy. they may say. II
had a taste of 1t at the tor
ture school, and / amt going
to try 1t again. I know how it
feels to be tortured" Whereas.
II he has never been sub
jected 10 any kind Of torture
he may cay. We'll. ] am Q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Teacher Snofu

I wish to protest the gro
tesque operations of the Dis
trict school superintendent
Office that has resulted in such
an uproar in my children's
elementary school.
The midnight oil was burned
before opening day by teachers
who, instead of being able to
get ready for the expected
classes of 80 students, had to
try to lay last-minute plans for
absorbing the class Of a teacher
who was snatched away to AL
a breach elsewhere.
There was no principal on
hand to carry out this admin
istrative work, as ours had re-
tired, and to this date no one
has been appointed to fill her
place.
A few days later all the
classes in the school were re-
shuffied again-fourth-grade
students were put in with third
instead of fifth grade, ct cetera.
There are 40 students in the
first grade tif you can imagine
trying to handle that assign
ment) and 80 in the kinder
garten class.
1t Is criminal to work such
hardship on the teachers. !
am sorry, too. for the students.
Can any money be obtained
from any fund - some road
that isn't going to be built until
next year or the like--to pay
for the extra teachers that
were hired to handle this
years expected load?
/ trust the School Board win
act on this situation.
June AGasnuso9,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Visibility Unlimited

The Civil AeronauticS Administrator
foresees a decade Of ceiling and visi-
hilitv unlimited" for American air trans
mort. And the agencys estimate OF the
growth of passenger flying is fully sup
ported by past and present trends, not
only in this particular segment OF the
transportation industry but In the over
all economy of the Nation.
In brief, the CAA foresees the follow
ing by 1865: That the airlines VIII De
carrying twice as many passengers as az
present. or more than the railroads ana
buses combined: that the volume OF ali
cargo will be triple that Of today; that
business flying in privately-owned ar
craft will be increased by 80 per cent, and
that aircraft manufacturers will be pro-
ducing and selling IS per cent more
transport airplanes. In 1854, the scneo-
uled airlines carried 1878 million passen-
gers on domestic routes and 2.8 million
on overseas flights. The predicted flgures
for 1965-which the CAA calls conserVa-
tive. and perhaps "too low"-are ~
million and million.
The purpose of the CAA study, made
by it's once of Research, was to faclhtate
its own planning for future airport, navi-
gational and regulatory needs OF the air
transport industry. In arriving at It's
estimates, It recognized that the industry
has not yet found fully satisfactory
answer for medium and short-haul traf1c
where cost and time factors have not
worked so. clearly to the advantage OF
air travel. For these problems, however,
the agency sees great hope IN two po-
tential developments. One is utilization
of the air-coach system-requiring lower
fares for less than luxury service-1or
medium length routes. The other Is an
expansion of helicopter service between
closely adjacent terminal cities or as
feeder lines into the main terminal cities.
In its forecast of increased business
flying, mostly in non-commercial COM
pany-owned planes, the CAA takes into
account the changing industrial pattern
of the country-business growth and
greater dispersal of manufacturing into
the South and Far West, for example.
other favoring factors include the
greater fiexibility provided by travel in
noncommercial aircraft, savings in time
and even the element of prestige attached
to privately -owned and office-equipped
aircraft.
The time Is long past when
thoughtfully drawn picture OF things-to-
come in the air may be treated as fan
tasy. The air transport industry, along
with other aspects of aviation, has come
of age and no horizons seem too distant
for Il to reach.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Transit Alternative?

The District Commissioners
have not yet received any
promising bids for operating
q transit system here.
The reason is obvious. Big.
numbering. expensive transit
buses are fast becoming out
moded just as streetcars have
been for years. To understand
why buses are a bad business
proposition watch them go by
during off-hours. or Sundays.
carrying handful of passen-
gers-but costing plenty for
operator. gas and oil, wear and
tear, etc.
It would be most unfair to
saddle District taxpayers with
deficits of an outmoded sys-
tenn of transportation. And
that is what will happen il
buses are used in any new
deal the Commissioners may
make.
AS the Nations Capital 1t
would seem most appropriate
that Washington should take q
"quantum Jump" In public
Transportation and show other
cities how to solve a problem
which Is a burr under the
saddle TO them too.
A solution would be to use
taxicabs, or at least Ave.
passenger cars. In sufficient
numbers to replace the buses.
They would follow present
routes, charge 20 cents. ETC..
the same as buses used to do.
When not assigned to bus
routes, they could act as cabs
do, except. OF course. special
regulations would have to be
made because Of the increased
number.
To the objection that so
many additional cabs would
cause a hopeless traffic jam.
one need only recall that
everybody was carried during
the transit strike without
benefit OF buses. and in many
cases by private cars carrying
one person-and parked down.
town all day.
Transportation OF school
children could be handled by
having one or two present-day
buses assigned to each school
to carry pupils in the morning
and afternoon to that school
alone, Just as is done in rural
school districts all over the
country.
John G. Bowen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Six Years Old

A teD short years ago today
A snub-nosed cherub came to
stay.
I matched him make his paper
toys. @
Then soon. he played Nth
other boys.
He skipped along to school
this meek,
With eager eyes and rosy
cheek.
In his small hand a chalk
and slate,
I matched him march on
through the gate
That seemed to close on him
and me.
Inside, another iDorld hen see
MY eyes all logged, ] turned
dtpdy
And left my man WHO'S si1
today.
Mabel Schneider
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
VISTAS IN SCIENCE
Antibiotic Tested in Food Poisoning
By THOMAS r. HENRY

portant structures Of the
human body are built.
A chemical system has been
developed from which the new
antibiotic can be produced in
large quantities II Q need for
1t Is demonstrated.
4 WIN
Jokesters have made much
Of the careless surgeon who
misses 3 few sponges, scalpels
or other implements on the
check-up after an operation.
The assumption is that they
have been left inside the
patient. Now, so far as sponges
are concerned. it would not
make much difference. due
to the work Of chemists at the
Department Of Agriculture's
Northern Research Laboratory.
They have developed q starch
sponge. It has all the liquid
absorbing ability Of animal
sponges. It is dissolved by
engines (substances which
! initiate q biological reaction
without themselves taking
part In IT, within the body.
Thus Id some surgical opera
tons there is no need to re-
move the sponge. The starch
is converted into sugars which
are absorbed by the body
tissues.
Sponge Stops Bleeding
There may even be decided
advantages to leaving the
sponge inside when a surgical
wound is closed. Within it
can be incorporated various
drugs like the antibiotics,
most potent OF germ killers.
which will be released slowly
into the blood stream as the
sponge Is absorbed.
This type Of synthetic
sponge. 1t has been found.
has remarkable properties In
stopping blood now. A nation
ally known gynecologist has
made animal and human ex-
periments in this field and
has published extensively on
its clinical use especially In
prostate gland operations and
In dental surgery. Several
hundred pounds Of the mater
ial have been supplied by the
Agriculture Department to
the Army-Navy, Veterans Adj
ministration and to civilian
hospitals. During the past
year the Northern Research
Laboratory had developed
methods of making sponges
of the proper texture for var
ious surgical use and for
making sure that they are
surgically sterile. Methods
are being developed for pro-
ducing them on a commercial
scale.
It lis an outstanding ex-
ample. says Q Department Of
Agriculture report, Of an en-
tirely new industrial product
developed quite Unexpectedly
from fundamental research.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19

A new antibiotic that may
be q powerful agent against
the microorganism which
causes the most virulent form
of food poisoning has been
produced by Department OF
Agriculture chemists.
This substance, cinnamycin.
is a secretion from p mould
closely related to the one from
which streptomycin. is OBJ
tanned. It was found in q small
sample of soil from Japan at
the Departments Northern
Research Laboratory.
The chemists were looking
especially for an antibiotic
effective against germs which
thrive In absence Of air. A
notable example is clostridium
botulinum, the bacteriun
responsible for the dreaded
botulism which frequently
follows summer picnics and
eating Of Improperly prepared
canned foods. It is an ex-
extremely dangerous disease.
often ending with death.
When food Is canned, II all
the botulus organisms are not
killed by heat. a poison is
formed which causes paralysis.
An antitoxin now is available,
IL it can be obtained in time.
A poison comparable to that
created by the botulus organ
ism, produced by Army chem
lists a few years ago, was
described as the most potent
killer ever heard of. A few
ounces. properly distributed,
might kill half the population
of the earth. Fortunately.
there is no known way Of
0lSEflputlug ".
Cinnamycin. it was found,
was extremely effective against
this botulus organism.
A Poison In Itself
It also was highly effective
against strains of human
tuberculosis which had become
resistant to Its close relative,
streptomycin. It also is quite
poisonous, the chemists have
learned from experiments with
mice. It Is not being proposed
as q tuberculosis drug.
There is a strong possibility.
however. that 1t may have a
wide application in prevent
ing the development of botu-
lism poison in canned products.
1t would not be effective
against the toxin itself. 1t
also may prove useful against
infections caused by the bot
illus organism.
1t is especially interesting.
according to reports of the
Northern Research Laboratory
chemists, as q chemical Curl
osity. Among its major con-
stituents are three or four
amino acids. the bricks"
from which are constituted
the proteins which are an
essential element Of nutrition
and from which the. most inn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
@ STREET.

~ - A3skS3s -
''Dear Sir:
IT remember Templeton
Jones when he was q little
boy, a very persistent and
busy little fellow. who special
lied In throwing stones at
sparrows and cats. He seems
to have changed over the
years.
Get him to tell you some
time about his great battle
with the bad boy. and how he
bloodied the brat's nose. This
il. as far as I know. the only
physical encounter Jones ever
had.
"The rest Of his life. boy
and man. has been on q peace
full basis. I was standing
along. the side lines, in young
Temp Jones battle, and know
he did q good job Of 1t.
with best wishes.
Sincerely J. K. l."
Templeton Jones grinned,
when asked about this matter.
Yes. he said, it was all true.
but 1t had happened 90 long
ago that he had almost for
gotten about it.
Almost, he reiterated-no
one forgets about a night ne
wins.
One may cease to remember
a trouncing, but not q victory.
It was q long time ago. ne
continued, so long ago that
few persons recall what NE
was like then. :,
Not that people had changed
any. People were always the
same. Despite inventions. and
surges Of population. and
changes in many ways, the
standard product In peoNe
was the same.
People then, as now, nkeo
to eat, and to have fun. They
loved to talk. and to watch
theatrical spectacles.
They did not have so many
diversions as today. There was
nothing remotely resembling
a television set, although II
was pre-viewed. perhaps, IN
the very first motion picture
Jo,.es saw, as a boy OF o
years of age.
That first picture was shown
on a cloth screen in a darkened
room in a small brick build
ing half way down the hill
in his old home town.
He remembers the picture.
1t was of a city IRE engine.
drawn by large white horses.
snorting to a fire.
It was all very thrilling,
to watch the great horses run.
Jones does not remember
about the flicker. He knows
the picture must have wavered
greatly, but he has no recollec-
ton of it. only the fire horses
running.
Surely it was a fine sight,
and one any boy would re-
member.
He was to see the real
thing. when he moved with
his family to Washington.
D. C.
In those days. as now, it was
a great event In anybody's
life when he moved to the
National Capital.
Persons born here. and those
who have forgotten their
youth. may not realize what
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRAcEWELL

it meant and means. this
Federal City.
There is perhaps not q town.
ship in the United States, now.
that does not have at least
one representative here. but In
the old days it was q distinc-
ton Of no mean sort TO be
chosen to work In Washington.
Templeton Jones was 8
years old. as he recalls, when
his battle took place.
There was q grinning boy
In his block about his own
age. probably q year older, and
taller and heavier.
Temp Jones, at that time.
was o blond. Some years
later his hair was to turn
dark brown, but ct the time
Of his great fight, he was al
most q towhead.
The grinning boy liked to
make fun Of people, and he
found young Jones haif just
the thing.
"Towhead," he said, In
tones of disgust.
"Towhead, yourself" replied
Temp.
you're o towhead," said
the other, and the battle was
on.
First thing. the grinning boy
poked an inexperienced right
jab squarely into Jones left
eye. but since the fist was not
properly constructed, 1t did
little damage. except to make
Jones angry.
Anything that makes your
opponent mad Is bad; that Is
an old maxim, and it holds
good for nations as well as
small boys.
Don't rile 'em too much, II
you want to win.
Templeton Jones drew back
his own arm. and let 60.
Fortunately for him, the
blow landed right on the other
boys nose.
Blood began TO flow.
The beaten ran away, and
the victor stood stock still
on the sidewalk. not realizing
yet what he had done.
He had won his first battle,
andA as 1t happened. his last
at fisticuffs, but the uplift
he got from that momentous
victory helps him, even today.
There is nothing, among
human beings. like winning.
On this, perhaps. all the peace
plans ever made will fall down.
It is too bad, but 1t Is Just
human nature.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-09-19
Crowded School Buses
I have q problem as q home

have q problem as q home
owner. taxpayer and father In
Fairfax County. Va.-that. 1t
seems to me. you should work
to rectify, or, at least, publ
CHE. 1t Is the overcrowded
condition of school buses. par
ticularly the one my children
have to ride to school. They
put 125 persons-and by per-
sons, I mean students who
weigh up to 200 pounds -on .
bus designed for 80 persons.
And the State Of Virginia
prides itself on its Wanted
safety consciousness!
As a citizen and q taxpayer.
neither Of which capacities, OF
course. I or any others amount
to anything these days, I be-
lieve you ought to carry some
thing about this condition In
your sheet. and perhaps even
have a reporter interview the
dimwits who make UP the rout-
ings and have one bus half
full and another more than
half again as fun as 1t should
be.
Larston ID. Farrar.
Editors note: w. II. Eb-
hardt, supervisor of transport
tation for the Fairfax School
Board, says such complaints
are usual in the first week of
school and that most Of them
result from ignorance on the
part Of the children as to which
bus they are supposed to take
and to kinks in scheduling
which take q few days to iron
out. Mr.. Ebhardt says no buses
are ever brought In half full
If any children are lacking in
transportation. However. there
does seem to be q certain short
age Of school buses. Fairfax.
with something over 10000
school children. has 1873 buses
with seating capacities from
go to sc. This year 10 new buses
costing $4,000 each were put
in service. Some OF the buses
make more than a single trip
and many children have their
own transportation