davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18
HERE'S HOW

Valuable shrubs may be pro-
tected from wind and snow by
easy-to-make shrub shelters.
The shelters should be made
large enough to allow for the
growth of the plants for sew
eral years. Each shelter con-
sists of four 2 by Pinch legs,
sharpened at the ends and
framed with / by Pinch strips
at top and bottom. The bottom
framing is about 6 inches from
ground level. Use 6-penny fin
ishing nails for fastening.
The top lath (%"x1h") are
spaced to allow " inch between
strips. The side lath are
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18
MAKE SHRUB SHELTERS


spaced one lath-width apart.
Tapping the ends of the lath
and framing strips, as shown,
will simplify cutting the lath
to length-all pieces for one
shelter may be cut to the same
length. Use 2-penny finishing
nails or 1-inch brads for fas-
tening the lath.
The shelters should be paint
ed to add to their life ard at
tractiveness. Set them in place
before the frost hardens the
ground. Tap them down Sc
curely, using a mallet or a
hammer and wood block.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18

over eating we'd carve away, Sunday
Here in the United States well soon be feasting
Thanksgiving day, but on Friday it's back to work.
Thought should be given to having day to rest
and recover At the same time let's keep in mind that
there should be more to Thanksgiving than eating
too much. MR.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18
To Entertain Parents
bv L ZEE Smith. renorter

~ Leu cUl1UIs reporter
HUNGRY HORSE-Junior Activ-
tiles club held its regular meeting
and decided to put on a performance
for the parents. Date set was Dec.
IL.
The group had a square dance les.
son during the meeting.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18
New Facilities At
Cruhum's Duirv

LASALLE-A whole new milking
system is being installed at the By
ron Graham farm in LaSalle. The
Grahams have 80 Holsteins.
improvements include pipeline
mixer, elevated stalls, bulk tank
cooler and a brand new building.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18

are made to determine the presence
of tuberculosis.
The Christmas seal dollar also
helps support medical research,
helps TB patients return to useful,
happy lives, and a general prob
ram of education as to the disease.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18

around the garbage can after the
first snow and the tracks were huge.
Mrs. Powell has moved to West
Glacier for the winter months.
This Monday morning it is cold
below zero. We have few inches Of
snow that cruncheS when you walk
The tree branches are hanging low
with their burden of snow.
Hungry Horse news., 1955-11-18
Busy Bees Slate
Public Card Party

BAD ROCK-Bad Rock Busy Bees
club will sponsor a public card party
Saturday. It's to be given at Bad
Rock Farmers Union hall at 8 p. m
During the evening, a quilt made
by the club is to be given away
Committee members are Mrs. Der
nard Geissler, Mrs. Dan Sullivan
and Mrs. James Eckelberry. Pin
ochle and 500 will be played.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
Polish Communists
Jail 500 Nuns In
Slave Labor Camp

BERLN-NC)-Some 500 Pol
ish nuns have been imprisoned by
Red Authorities in a forced labor
camp near Cracow, it has been re-
porter here.
The Sisters whom the commun-
lists have removed from their con-
vents, are being forced to work un-
der very difficult conditions. They
live in crowded, poorly heated and
unsanitary rooms. and are kept on
a starvation diet. AS a result of
their mistreatment many have be-
come i'll.
Their main work consists of cook
ing and doing laundry work for sol
diers in a nearby barracks. The
camp is under police guard and
the nuns are forbidden to leave
the camp buildings.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
Laymen's sRetreat Group
To Mark Anniversary

Approximately 300 members of
the diocesan Laymen's Retreat
League will attend Pontifical Ben
ediction to be celebrated by Bishop
Ready in St. Joseph Cathedral Sun
day afternoon at 400 pm. on the
10th anniversary of the organiZa-
ton of the League in the Columbus
Diocese.
The Bishop will also be the hon.
ored guest at the Retreatants' BAN
quet to be held at 500 pm. in the
Virginia Hotel.
The speaker for the occasion will
be Edward ]. Allen, a prominent
Catholic layman who last year was
appointed by Governor Lausche as
Enforcement Chief of the Ohio Di-
vision of Liquor Control.
Another highlight of the BAN
quet will be the announcement of
new officers of the League for the
coming year and the election of a
Board of Directors.
Mr.. Allen, who began his police
career as patrolman in Erie, Pa,
in 1896, gained attention last year
as Youngstown police chief when
he initiated a battle to clean up
newsStands in the city
His career includes special duty
with the. Federal Bureau of Inves-
tigation assisting in internal Sc
curity and subversive investiga-
tions during World War II. He at
tended and graduated from the FBI
National Academy in 1947.
He was appointed police chief
in Youngstown by Mayor Charles
Henderson in January of 1948.
Henderson had been elected on a
Smash Racket Rule" platform and
appointed Allen on recommends
ton from j. Edgar Hoover.
The story of the cleanup of
rackets in the Youngstown area
was recounted in an article appear
ing in Readers Digest, Look
and several other periodicals.
Youngstown was named the All
America city for 1851 by the Mu.
nicipal League of America because
Aof the law enforcement accomplish.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

House select committee on com.
munist aggression. The committee
also listed 16 general conclusions
and 18 basic findings as the result
of its years work, during which il
heard testimony from 335 witness
eS, received 1,500 dispositions, ex-
hibits and documents and conduct,
ed so public hearings both in this
country and in Europe.
Besides IFS summary report,
fhe committee also filed Is spe-
ciaI reports on the communist
captive nations. The committee
acknowledged that these IS spe-
eial reports were prepared with
the cooperation of Georgetown
University here and q group Of
experts from various parts of
fhe nation.
The committees reports were re
leased just a few hours before the
new Congress met and the commit
tee expired. The committee was
headed by Rep: Charles ]. Kersten
of Wisconsin, who was defeated in
the November elections.
The report recommended:
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

American way. They will resist ev-
cry effort of the organized pub
lie school profession to seek laws
that would force all children 10
attend public schools. They viii
continue now as before, to build
and to expand their fourishing
private school system. They viii
not be intimidated by assertions
that their devotion to private edu-
cation makes them less American
than their neighbors who favor
public education for their children.
I'VE are convinced that any
plan to force all children into
common school is q serious
threat TO fhe future welfare cf
our nation. indeed, the very best
safeguard against tcfalifarianisn4
in our land is variety. diversity
and Independence Of schooling.
1--WE know from experience that
the Policies Commissions proposal
does not reflect the thinking of
the public school administrators
with whom Catholic teachers and
administrators have been associ-
ated in projects for the common
good Of all school children in both
public and private schools. Until
now these common efforts repre-
sented a sincere desire on the part
of people with different philoso-
phies of education to work for the
greatest good of American educa-
ton as a whole.
cit is to be hoped that the Poll
cies Commission i'll sdvised docu-
ment will not interfere with this
traditional practice in American
education"
In the Oregon School Case, de-
cided on June /, 1885, the Supreme
Court held the Oregon anti-private
school Act of 1922 to be unconsti-
tutional.
The Oregon law required all
children between the ages Of
eight and Is yearS-with very
limited exceptions - TO attend
the public schools. The Sisters
Of the Holy Names Of Jesus and
Mary, and fhe Hill Military Aead-
emy obtained an injunction re-
sfrsinins the State from enfore-
! ing this law. The Supreme Court
upheld this injunction and re-
affirmed the right Of parents TO
direct fhe education Of their
children.
''The meaning of this momen-
tous decision for education" says
the booklet of the Educational
Policies Commission, "has been q
subject of debate almost from the
moment it was handed down. There
seems little doubt but that most
citizens and educators took 1t to
mean that the vast majority of
American children would continue
to attend public schools - as was
then the case-but that the way
would be open for those who SO
desired to attend private institu-
J tions."
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

upon ell Americans 70 make sn
act Of faith in public edUestion,"
said Monsisnor Hoehwalt.
This appeal has been phrased
in terms of neo-nativist ortho-
doxy that virtually equates certain
values of our American way of life
with the highest values of heaven
and earth.
"Good Americans must believe.
the Policies Commission says. that
public schools develop moral and
ethical commitments" common to
all great religions, that public edu-
cation gives the best support to the
American way of life, and that pub
lie schools alone can teach the
real meaning of brotherhood be-
cause they intermingle children Of
all religious faiths.
"In effect the Commissions re-
port labels Americans who believe
in the values of both public and
private education as persons of
questionable loyalty to Americas S
ideals. 1t infers that parents send
ing their children to private schools
lack faith in public education and
in a sense should be reprimanded
for their failure to give full al
legiance to a uniquely American
institution like the public school.
The report seems 70 urge aII
Americans TO make the public
schools good enough 10 put fhe
private schools out of business.
Although the writers Of fhe re-
port admire the complexities Of
American life II is quite appaF-
enf that they cannot tolerate q
complex of educational systems,
both private and public. They
see and deplore the tyranny Of
the single school systems of fas-
eisi and communist countries and
then with surprising iIIogie de-
nfand that the American way be
made secure by a common pub
lie school system.
This report could be the be
ginning of a crusade to persuade
all American parents to send their
children to public schools. It pur
ports to prove historically that the
whole American tradition call.
for a universal public school. Il
even goes so far as to suggest thai
the Supreme Court of the United
States may have made a mistake
when it invalidated a law compeIl
ing all children to attend public
schools. There is a possibility, tht
report infers, that the fulfillmen'
Of the historic common schoc
ideal may necessitate a reversa
of the Oregon decision.
These policies from such higf
source in the public school, profes
sion will disturb and confount
many Catholic educators as vel
as the parents of Catholic schoo
pupils. But they are ready to NEE
the challenge.
"They will refuse to profess faitl
in the reports doctrainaire asser
tions about democracy and the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

and present. day conditions and
PHILOSOPHERS which affect our
whole way of life, with emphasis
on the apparent abandonment OF
moral principles.
The Catholic Laymen's Retreat
League was organized in the Co
lumbus Diocese in January, 1915.
The movement has grown to such
an extent since that time that in
1854 members representing 35 par
ishes took part in the Is retreats
held at the Diocesan Retreat House,
the Shrine Of the Little Flower. At
the present time, the League lists
over 900 members.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

l. That the President take
fhe initiative in converting an
international conference of all
free nations which would reeog-
nize that the Red regimes ruling
So0-miIIions do not represent
the will of fhe people; would
agree TO Withdraw diplomatic
recognition from all Moscow
controlled governments; reaf.
firm friendship and solidarity
with the ensIaved peoples; deveI-
op q program Of rapid fermina-
fion OF all trade treaties with
Red governments, and develop
an overall program for defeat of
the communist conspiracy.
2. That Congress establish
joint committee on all US. over
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

erty. Only a socialist structure, the
prime minister repeatedly said, can
avoid unemployment and at the
same time raise the standard of
living.
Previously, the Indiar leader
had stated in the course of an
economic poI'ey speech in the ma
tionaI parliament, that "India's
ultimate pattern of society is a
socialist pattern" He added
that there is no question at all
of asking fhe peoples consent
TO establish such a society I'VE
have I get over lot Of crust,
the feUdsI crust, and the capital
ist erUs," he said.
Nehru followed up these an
nouncements with moves apparent
ly heralding his socialist So
ciety."
These moves were government
decision to nationalize the Imper-
ial Bank of India, one of the big
gest banks in the country, and an
amendment of India's constitution
curtailing the right of oompenSa-
tion for property taken over by
the government.
Nehru's views, . striking de-
parfUre, some think, from pre-
vious policy statements, stirred up
heated controversy over the
future economic detectives of the
Indian government. Catholics Of
India took a leading part in this
controversy.
Catholic papers made reference
to the timing of the change in pol
icy which came after Nehru's visit
to communist China.
Criticizing Nehru's views The
Maldbdr Mail, Catholic daily of
Ernkulam, expressed doubt wheth-
er the Congress government has
had sufficient mandate to intro
duce such revolutionary changes.
The paper suggested that the new
policy might be made the, issue
for a fresh general election, so
that the people can express their
views on it.
"Deepiks," Catholic daily of
Koffayam, commented that Neh-
rus statement has little affinity
with his foreign policy, described
as q policy OF dynamic neutral.
itY between the swo power bloes.
Deepika said that the new So
cialist moves might have been in
fluenced by Mr.. Nehru's visit to
communist China and his talks
with Marshal Tito, president of
Yugoslavia now visiting India.
An expression of Catholic reac-
tion also came from a leading Ca
tholic layman.
E. P. VergheSe, former member
of the Travancore-Cochin state leg
islative assembly, said that by force
of circumstance Nehru is being
thrust into the socialist camp, al.
though in the international sphere
he seeks to steer clear of the com
munist and anti-communist power
groups. There is danger that in this
process the whole Indian nation
might slip with him into the social.
ist camp, he said.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
No Hope Seen
For Is Priests
I'm Red Prisons

VIENNA - NC) - There
is no hope whatever for the re.
lease of some Is Catholic chap.
lains still being held in Rus.
sian prison camps, it has been
reported here.
The report came from a
group of more than so 'Volks.
deutSche" prisoners of war
who arrived here recently after be,
ing released from the Soviet pris-
ons where they had been held for
the past ten years. The "Volks-
deutsche" are Germans who lived
outside Germany and, while ma,
tionals of other countries, in most
cases lived in communities that re.
mained culturally and linguistical,
ly German.
The released prisoners = nearly
all Catholics - had served on the
eastern front in the German Army
or the armies of other Axis pow.
ers.
Most of the Catholic ehspIains
imprisoned In Russia, they said,
come from countries that are
now behind the iron curtain
YUscsIavia, RUmsnis and Hun
cary. The governments of these
countries have no interest in
asking fhe Russians for their re-
lease, they pointed out.
The chaplains, they reported, are
scattered in different camps, where
they continue to act as spiritual
guides. Through their influence,
the released prisoners added, many
Greek Orthodox persons in the
camps have been converted to Ca
tholicism.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
AS Legal Holiday
Oct. II Suggested

WASHINGTON - CNC)-Oct. II
would be officially proclaimed Co
lumbus Day. and celebrated as a
legal holiday, according to bill
Representative Hugh ]. Addonizio
of New Jersey has introduced in
Congress.
A joint resolution also introduc-
ed would authorize creation of a
federal memorial commission to
formulate plans for the construc-
tion of "an appropriate permanent
memorial" to Christopher Colum-
| bus in this city.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
Marital Laws
To Harmonic,
Spanish Say

WASHINGTON - (NC) -
The rules that will regulate
marriages between citizens of
the United States and Spanish
nationals in Spain will be work.
ed out in harmony with the
legislative norms of BIO t h
countries, the Spanish EN-
basSy here announced.
The embassy pointed out
that the regulations are neces.
sary, so that such marriages
will have civil validity in Spain
and the United States.
Announcement that such regula
tionS were being drafted-because
of the fact that American military
and civilian personnel will be sent
to Spain to man air bases Spain is
letting the US. establish--brought
protests from some Protestant
sources. These seemed to have
been touched off by a secular
press dispatch saying the rules
would give the Catholic Church
Control over American mixed mar.
riages in Spain.
The Spanish Embassy here said
"Thc fcrmaIities shaf must be
considered SC that fhe marriages
In question may nave full civil
validity in Spain, as we'll IS in
fhe United States, are fhs SUBJ
iect OF extensive study by the
authorities OF fhe American Mil
ifarY Mission in consultation with
fhe Spanish al fhe present mo-
ment in Madrid.
''The agreement which is being
elaborated takes into account the
different modalities Of American
civil legislature over matrimonial
matters. The only exception is thai
of the residents of the District oi
Columbia, who may marry with
civil validity before the American
consul in any foreign country.
son the other hand, the agree
ment will take into account the
fundamental principles of Spanish
legislation, based, for the Spanish
Catholics, on canon law, which au
tomatically produces civil validity
"In the case of mixed marriages
the universal canon legislation en-
forces, as is well known, certain
requisites that are required of ey
cry Catholic, whatever his nation
ality. The agreement will in M
way, however, limit the Liberties
enjoyed by American subjects t.
marry, while residing in foreign
country, among themselves"
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

Recovery

VATICAN CITY - radio,
Nc = The departure from
Rome of one of the Pope's
physicians and the ending of
special prayers. for his recov-
cry in the Rome diocese are
evidence of the continuing
improvement in the health of
His Holiness Pope Plus XII.
DIR. Paul Niehans has gone back
to his practice in Switzerland. He
is expected to return to Rome in
about two weeks for a routine
check on the Holy Fathers condi-
ton.
His Eminence Clemenfe Car.
dinsl Mieara, Vicar OF Rome, has
instructed priests of that diocese
10 discontinue prayers for The
Pope's health at their daily
Masses.
Another indication OF the Pom
tiff's improvement is the audience
at which he was to receive French
Premier Pierre Mendes-France.
This is the first audience sched-
uled since the Pope's relapse.
1t is generally concede, that the
stomach ailment from which the
Pope has been suffering has not
fully cleared up. However, the
condition is improving and the
Holy Father. meanwhile has con-
tinued to rest better, and to take
daily rides and walks in the Vat
ican Gardens, even on days when
the weather has been cold and
stormy.
In his rides, the Pope has some
times used German-made Mer-
cedes car that formerly belonged
to his predecessor, Pope Plus XI.
The car is touring model which
permits him to sit up straighter
than he can in his 1soft-cushioned
modern American limousine.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14
Trade Break Off
With Reds Urged

WASHINGTON - NC) - Pres
ident Eisenhower would be called
upon to sever trade relations with
Soviet Russia, Communist China,
and their satellites, if Congress
adopts joint resolution that has
been introduced by Representative
Thomas J, Lane of Massachusetts,.
The resolution would have Con-
gress find that such trade "consti-
tutes a threat to world peace and
to the security of the United
States"
The President, having severed
trade relations, would be empow-
cred to restore them when Soviet
Russia, Red China and their satei-
lites have ceased aggression and
subversion."
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

seas programs to assure maximum
results.
3. That Congress reiterate that
the eventual liberation of all en-.
slaved nations and establishment of
governments by free elections. is
the national policy.
4. That in the advancement OF
the American program for world
peace and freedom all efforts be
measured by assistance to the cap.
tive people and by acts or omis-
sions which tend to prolong their
enSlavement.
5. That the spirit of resistance
to communist tyranny behind the
Iron Curtain be encouraged and
supported by judicious use of funds
already authorized by Congress.
6. That the appropriate govern.
ment agencies give maximum sup,
port to private American organi.
cations working in behalf of the
enSlaved people.
Z. That the President direct
establishment of national military
units, as authorized by the Mutual
Security Act of 1851, as a means
of weakening the will of armies un.
der Red rule.
8. That Congress at the next
session enact the Political Asy.
ivm Act TO provide for rapid and
effective reestabIishmenf OF Sc.
ieeted esespees from eommUn.
ism, and TO encourage defee.
fions.
9. That Congress give the US
Continued on Page q
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-01-14

maue puDiic InlS week.
The prelate said the booklet
"purports to prove historically that
the whole American tradition calls
for a universal public school"
The booklet is the work of the
Educational Policies Commission, a
joint agency Of the National Edu-
cation Association and the Amer
ican Association of School Admin
istrators. The commission is a
small but influential research
group. A foreword to the pamphlet
says publication in this form does
not constitute formal approval by
the sponsoring associations. !"
WE are convinced that any
plan to force all children into :
common school is q serious
threat to the future welfare Of
our nationsn said Monsisnor
HoehwaIt.
These policies, "from such a high
source in the public school profes-
sion," he added, twill disturb and
confound many Catholic educators
as well as parents" but that "they
are ready to meet the challenge"
In its study, the Commission,
which includes some 26 educators,
said:
Faith in public education rests
ultimately on two beliefs: that a
particular kind of education must
be designed to support a particular
way of life, and that public educa-
tion will best support the Ameri-
can way of life"
In an address before the meeting
of the National Catholic Eduea.
tional Association last August, His
Eminence Samuel Cardinal Stritch,
Archbishop of Chicago, while cit
ing ''the tremendous influence" OF
the unsupported schools "on our
country and its future" added this
comment:
''We do not admit that these tax
supported schools are, to the ex
clusion of private and group con
Quoted schools, the educational
system of our country. In this edu
cational system we must include al
the schools which exist and func
ton under our laws and Constitu
ton"
"ln ifs latest publication, Pub
lie Education and the Future Of
America, the Educational Poll
eies Commission of the National
Education Association has called