davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Bishop Jordan
Conducts First
African Conf.

BLOEMFONTEIN, South Africa
Bishop Frederick D. Jordan, for
merly of Los Angeles, recently con-
Quoted the saith session of the
Orangia annual conference of the
AME church in the Orange Free
State of the Union of South Africa.
During the conference, Bishop
Jordan paid tribute to General Sup
erintendent Francis H. Cow for
his leadership in carrying on the
church program while the Ameri-
can churchman was barred from
entering the country.
Reports of 475 conversions and
1,647 baptisms, were read at the
conference. Completion of three
projects, valued at $4,000 and
launched under Bishop l. H. Bon
ner, and authorization of II other
for construction during 1866 at a
cost of 1880, were also an
nounced.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Halle SeIassie
Returns Home

Adds ABABA, Ethiopia-Em-
peror Halle Selassie returned home
last week to a tumultous welcome
and scores of domestic and foreign
problems which have accumulated
during his five-month absence.
Lions made headdresses and
wild spear-brandishing, mixed with
stiff court etiquette and top hats,
marked Selassie's return from a
visit of the New World as we'll as
most of Western Europe.
From the airport to the palace,
the road was lined with thousands
Of cheering subjects-squadrons of
white-robes Gala irregulars brand
ishing spears and riding rough
mountain ponies, groups of tail
male dancers led by man in red
hued feather cloak, hunters wear
ing the names and boards of spear
slain lions.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Politics Sweep
Gold Coast Area
Of Primitive
Bush As neWIv
Formed African
Parties Emerge
Remote Control Cited
AS Example Of Trend

TAMALE, The Gold Coast, Jan.
3 - Few places in Africa reflect
more clearly the continents politi-
cal awareness than this remote
market town, capital of the Gold
Coasts Northern Territories.
Throughout Africa the primitive
bush Negro is receiving a rapid
introduction to politics and nation
alism. The political education that
flows from the continents urbaniz-
ed centers into the farthest reaches
of the veldt is graphically illus
trated here.
A dusty, rambling town where
children run naked and most of
the buildings are of humble, mud
brick construction, Tamale has be-
come overnight hub of political
activity. Politics is offered as a
new ritual and new panacea.
Political posters on Tamale's
walls are constantly renewed. Po-
litical offices TEEN with activity all
day. Panel trucks equipped with
Continued on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Eleven Africans
Die In Christmas
Weekend Clashes

DURHAM, South Africa, Dec %
At least II Africans were killed
and about 20 injured in a series
of tribal clashes in the Natal mid
lands hills during the Christmas
weekend.
Police reinforcements were rush
ed to help quell clash near Pome-
roy, where 200 Africans were re-
ported battling with clubs after
a member of one of the tribal fac
tions had been stabbed to death.
Reports from Ladysmith said at
least six had been killed in a vio-
Continued on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Tuskegee Report Says Races Would
Get Along Better Without Laws
To Govern Race Relations

TUSKEGEE, Ala, Dec. 80 -
Tuskegee Institute suggested to-
day that persons of different races
would get along better without
laws to govern race relations in the
United States.
1t applauded the Supreme courts
decision outlawing segregation in
public schools as a hopeful step
because it "allows the individual
freedom to work out race relations
rather than legally denying or re-
stricting freedom in their being
worked out"
The observation came in the first
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Hundreds Attend
Formal Opening Of
Denton Funeral
Home And Burial
Association

The formal opening of Denton
Funeral Home and Burial Associ-
ation here, Sunday and Monday,
brought hundreds of people from
surrounding towns and commune
ties to view the establishment and
facilities, including new and mod
ern building and equipment, Of
Jackson's newest business Of it's
kind located at 922 Woodrow Will
son Avenue, which is owned and
operated by H. L. Denton, one of
the states oldest and most widely
known members of the undertake
ing and funeral profession.
In addition to the hundreds Of
visitors who passed through the
establishment Sunday and Monday
to sign the visitors register, many
floral tributes and kilograms were
received from local business firms
Continued on Page Five)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

For the last several years, the
Committee on Religious Affairs at
Jackson College has been very
fortunate in securing the services
of a distinguished speaker from
the Jewish Chatauoua Society of
New York.
Beginning Sunday, December 9,
at pm. the committee will pre-
sent Rabbi Leonard j. Rothstein
who will deliver a series of ad-
dresses on religious themes. Rabbi
Rothstein will work with students
in their classrooms until Wednes-
day, December II at 10 am. when
he will give his last address. The
place and hour FOR each classroom
address will be posted on all bull
letin boards. Anyone may visit
these classrooms. There will be
question-answer period after each
address.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Communism
Charges Mar
Los Angeles
NAACP Election

LOS ANGELES, Calf. Jan. 4 -
Open charges of Communist men,
bership and sympathy marred
recent NAACP election here, won
by young attorney who took out
an affidavit before the voting be-
gan that he was not, or had new
er been q Red.
Atty. James Neusom, running
for president, was backed by most
of the younger elements Of the
organization. Neusom beat DR.. H.
Claude Hudson, virtually the build
er of the present branch, 354-129.
Continued on Page Five
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
DR.. bunche n famed
Under Secretary
Of United Nations
New Set-Up Names
Two To Top List OF
ID Staff Aides

UNITED NATIONS, N. Y, Jan.
3.-The first phase of Secretary
General Dag Hammarskjold's re-
organization of the United Nations
goes into effect officially this
week.
1t involves shuffIing the top
echelon posts of Mr.. Hammarsk-
jold's official family, revising sew
eral divisions and other changes
in the interest of efficiency and
economy. The secretary general
has estimated that the changes
will ultimately mean an annual
saving of 100000. The 1855
budget is for $46,963,S00. The
United States pays one-third.
Beginning tomorrow DR.. Ralph
H. Bunche and Ilya S. Tcherny-
chew take over as under secre-
taries. Among other duties, DIR.
Bunche, former State Depart
ment official and a Nobel Peace
Prize winner, will draft plans for
the scientific conference on the
peaceful uses of atomic energy
to be held next summer. The con-
ference is one of the main fea-
lures of President Eisenhower's
atom-for-peace plan approved by
the General Assembly at its re-
cent session.
Tchernychev Acting Secretary
Mr.. Tchernychev, a Soviet citI-
zen, will be Acting Secretary Gen
eral until Mr.. Hammarskjold re-
turns from his mission to Peiping,
where he will seek the release of
Korean war prisoners still in Com
munist hands, including eleven
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

annual survey of racial problems,
which will replace the lynching re-
port that served for many years as
the famed Negro schools baro-
meter of race relations.
L. H. Foster, president, aban-
doned the lynching survey last
year because he said it no longer
served as an accurate index of rae
ial progress. The first report in
the new series concerns "the legal
definition of the Negroes status as
the framework within which pat
terms of race relations are worked
out"
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Fisk Sends First Negro Students
To Compete For Rhodes SCHOLARSHIPS

NASHVILLE, Tenn. Jan. -
For the first time in British and
American history, Negro students
have competed for the coveted
Rhodes Scholarship from a Ne
gro university.
Last spring, Fisk university be-
came the first Negro institution
to be invited into the Rhodes
Scholarship Trust. This week,
Fisk sent two male students to
their home states to compete for
the honor.
John L. Townsend, from Okla
homa City, and Frank P. Robinson,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

from Wilmington, n. c., are senior
chemistery majors.
If successful, they will be the
first Negro from any institution
to study as Rhodes Scholars since
the late DR.. Alain Leroy Locke
went from Harvard in 1907.
A Rhodes Scholarship permits
the selected student to study at
Oxford University (England) and
take degree in two years. The
awards are valued at $3.50, and
SO are available to the United
States each year.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
President ASKED TO APPOINT
McGRAW TO HOME LOAN BOARD

NEW YORK-President Essen
hover has been asked by the AM
erican Savings and Loan League
to nominate DR.. Booker T. McGraw
of Washington, D. c., an economist
and housing official, to the Federal
Home Loan Bank Board vacancy
created through the resignation of
William X. Drivers. The appoint
ment, subject to Senate confirma-
ton, is for four years and carries
salary of $4,000.
DR.. McGraw is at present deputy
assistant to the Administrators Of
the Housi1rssnilb Home Finance
A Age post he has ha'N since .!;ee,
He has been identified~-wl'n
/fContinued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
African Mine
Strike Set

CAPETOWN, South Africa, Dec.
80 - The Northern Rhodesian At
rican Mineworkers Union has
called a strike for Monday in
major mines of the Rhodesian cop
per belt, demanding wage increases
of about $3.50. The union reported
1910 of it's $4,000 members voted
for the strike.
Altogether, $4,000 Negroes are
employed in all Northern Rhodesia
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Segregated School In n. j. Closes

Trenton, N. j., Jan. 4. - The
state of New Jersey Friday or
dered the closing of the all-Negro
State Manual Training and Indus
trial School for Youths at Bor-
dentown because it was unable to
induce white students to enroll at
the institution.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Negro Woman
Hired As F0A
consuItant

WASHINGTON, D. c., Jan. 4
The Foreign Operations Admin
istration says it has hired Mrs.
Jane M. Spaulding, prominent Me-
gro woman leader, as a $3.50 a
day consultant.
She moved into this new job
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
lHiTE STATE GROUP FOR BETTER RACE RELATIONS
Mkt. Developers
Plan Annua! Cow.
Marketing Clinic
Nashville Institution
Sets Fifth Annual
Career Conference

Washington, D. C.-The Nation
al Association of Market Develop
ers, Inc, will hold its first annual
convention at Tennessee A. & L.
State University, Nashville, Mar.
20, it has been announced by Moss
H. Hendrix, president of the pro-
fessional organization of sales, ad-
vertising and public relations peo-
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
African Official
Says Moral Re-
Armament Can
Save Africa
For Democracy

Washington, Dec. 81 - Moral
Rearmament can save Africa for
democracy against the menace of
communism, a Nigerian Cabinet
Minister said today.
Michael Ogon, Under Secretary
of Lands in Eastern Nigeria, told
a world assembly for Moral Re-
armament that Cooled African
statesmen would carry the answer
to Communist China into an Asian
Continued on Page Four)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
WILKINS TELLS HOWARD NAACP
IS SEEKING Way TO AID NEGRO
VICTIMS OF BIAS IN STATE

New York, N. Y, Jan. 4-Negro
leaders in Mississippi have been
assured of the support of the
NAACP in meeting the economic
pressures being exerted against
NAACP members and other advo-
Gates of Indignation in the state.
The NAACP, Roy Wilkins, ad-
ministrator, said in letter to DR..
T. r. M. Howard of Mound Bayou,
president of the Regional Council
of Negro Leadership, is exploring
the possibility of joining with
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

"other agencies and individuals
in through regular banking chan
nels which would provide relief for
those small businessmen, farmers,
homeowners and others who have
legitimate claims and are sound
risks, but who have been refused
credit by Mississippi financial in
situations" because of their stand
against segregation.
Charter limitations, Mr.. Will
kins' letter points out, prevent the
Continued on Page Eight
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Thurgood
Marshall
Honored

PHILADELPHIA, Pa. Dec. 80
Thurgood Marshall, chief counsel
of the National Association for
the Advancement of Colored Peo-
pie, tonight was honored by the
Philadelphia Cotillion Society for
his "unceasing activity in the cause
Of human rights" Mr.. Marshall
received the Emerald Cross of
Malta at the society's sixth Christ
mas cotillion in Convention Hall.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Virginia School
Certifies First
Negro Police

RICHMOND, Va.-Thirty-two Ne
groes this week became the first
of their race to earn certificates
from this city's Central Police
Training School.
Although the school is twenty
years old, authorities report there
has been trouble in the past get
ting enough NEGRO officers to-
gether to make the two-week
Continued on Page Seven)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
SCHOOLS RULING TOPS
HEADLINE STORIES OF "a

Tic schools, as soon as q full men,
bership of nine justices on the
bench is achieved arguments will
be heard.
The segregation ban has had
tremendous repercussions in lift
ing education, housing; recreation
al and religious bars throughout
the nation.
The administrations order OF
Continued on Page Two)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Loyo|a Lauded For Race Stand

NEW ORLEANS, La.-Writing
in the "Hullabaloo," official stu
dent publication of Tulane Univers-
ity of New Orleans, the editor
lauded Loyola University for its
recent racial stand.
Loyola has announced that Ne
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

BY far the most significant and
history-making story Of the year
1854 was the U. s. Supreme courts
unanimous ruling outlawing public
school segregation as unconstitu-
tional and opining that separate
education facilities are inherently
unequal"
Although the May II decision
still leaves unanswered the how
and when Of migrating in pub
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

Gov. Robert B. Mayner made
the announcement on behalf Of the
State Board of Education. The
board declared that the failure Of
white students to enroll there
makes the school a violation Of the
spirit Of the constitutional provi.
sion against segregation.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

groes and all others may purchase
tickets and sit on the field house
at games on first some first
served basis. It also announced
that it will not bar teams upon
which Negroes are playing.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

American Law Schools at the ses-
sion at the Biltmore Hotel yester-
day that ended its fifty-fourth an
nual meeting.
While the 119-member group has
Continued on Page Eight)
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Six Year-0Id Negro Girl Gets Record
Award Of $225, 900 In Damage Suit

Chicago, ILL.,, Jan. "A firm of
astute Chicago attorneys made
legal history here this week when
their efforts won for a six-year-old
Negro girl almost quarter mil
lion dollar jury verdict the gaint
Chicago Transit Authority. The
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08
Law SCHOOLS GROUP TO
PRESS Discrimination drive

New York, N. Y, Jan. 3.-Oon-
tinued persuasion" will be used
in an effort to eliminate racial
discrimination at sixteen Southern
law schools. This method was de-
cided on by the Association of
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1955-01-08

law firm, Director and Liebenson
with offices at l N. LaSalle ST.,
was credited with obtaining the
largest personal injury award
1925 ,000-in the history of Illinois
and the largest amount ever levied
Continued on Page Four)
Evening star., 1955-05-02
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Warsaw Massacre in Memorion

There, the squads Of the
Gestapo, busy to bayonet them
out, met, for the first time any,
where in Europe, a wild, COL
lective resistance, the more
startling, the more terrifying
even, because it was utterly
hopeless.
Millions from all Europe had
been driven. weeping and vail
ing, to the gas chambers.
There had been millions Of
victims. The Jews Of the Po-
lish Ghetto had no choice be-
tween life and death. But the
10000 who fought changed the
entire inner meaning and ma
ture of their fate. For there Is
a difference between the VIC
tim and the martyr: between
the man who helplessly ac-
cepts his doom and the one
who determines its conditions.
The 10000. out Of whatever
wild, unconscious. irrational
urge. determined the condition
of their doom. They died on
their own terms.
Without more than the most
pitiful weapons, against tanks
and heavy artillery on the
ground and bombers in the
air, they compelled their de-
Evening star., 1955-05-02
Britons Accept This Nehru Aide
Who Sold Out West at Geneva

and obtained conferences with
American officials, who main
tanned a cautious reserve with
respect to his proposals.
If Menon is going to be Chou
En-lai's mediator. 1t merely
means that he is going to play
the Red China game. For he
dislikes Americas policy and
has not hesitated in private to
express his contempt for it.
The amazing thing is that Me-
non is accepted in Britain. But
at the moment British policy
inclines toward the very thing
Menon would try to accom-
plish-namely. the evacuation
of the Chinese offshore islands
by the Nationalists, who are
expected to be pressured to
abandon those areas at the be-
hest of the United States.
On paper, the solution which
will be proposed will look plaus-
ible. 1t will involve some sort
of declaration whereby Red
China does not give up her
claim to Formosa but will for
the time being hold it in abey-
ance until some international
tribunal-not necessarily the
United NationS-workS out a
plan for the acquisition of For
moSa by Red China's govern
ment.
Curiously enough. Britain
has indicated that, If there is
a cease fire. around the Off
shore islands, she will join in
some kind of general state
ment urging that force shall
not be used. But, at the same
time, there is no probability
that the Eden government will
dare to pledge that British
military force will be used to
protect Formosa in case Of at
tack. On the contrary, the
most that will ever be forth
coming is a declaration by the
United Nations or a group of
nations concerned with the Far
Evening star., 1955-05-02
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Russia Also Hos Foreign Aid Program
But II Returns Concrete Dividends

American aid make no secret
of their disdain for our pol
icies and aims, but many 9TH
ers openly despise us for our
benefactions-an attitude, of
course, based on the very hu-
man emotions of envy. jeal-
ousy, and bitterness natural
enough under the circum-
stances.
OF even greater seriousness,
however, Is the dubious relia-
bility of some of our strongest
allies. who have benefited the
most from the sowing of Amer
ican taxpayers dollars abroad.
The Geneva Conference on In
dochina was a severe jolt to
many Americans who had
come to expect steadfastness
from those nations bound to us
by the closest of ties-literally,
economic support for their very
existences. The pitifully in
adequate backing we received
in the Korean War had been
explained away on the ground
that war-weary and enfeebled
nations we're unable to put
forth a major military effort,
so token forces would have to
do. But Geneva called for
nothing more than unity of
principle and purpose, and it
was not forthcoming.
The Soviet Union, too, has a
foreign-aid program, aimed to
keep its satellite nations strong
enough to handle an oar in the
Communist boat. But it is no
program Of largesse; there are
no giveaways either direct or
indirect, and the measurable
net result of the program is
Evening star., 1955-05-02

Since the end of World
War II the United States has
poured many billions of dollars
into aid for foreign nations.
Directly and indirectly. under
the authorization of a bakers
dozen of plans and projects,
American funds have been
ladled out with a lavish hand
for just about every possible
purpose to every possible place.
The Eisenhower administra-
ton has asked Congress this
year to approve s3.250.000,000
for direct foreign aid, in order
to continue projects under way
in Europe and Asia which are
considered essential to the
United States in one way or
another.
Naturally, since the cold war
took shape right after the end
of the fighting in 1945 and
since the Iron Curtain de-
scended over so much Of the
world, most of american n
largesse has gone to nations
considered friendly to Amer
lean ideals and aims. The
Marshall Plan itself. the first
large-scale foreign aid project,
was specifically aimed to revive
the economy of war-battered
Europe in order to avert a
trend to communism, a trend
feeding on poverty, destruc-
ton and despair.
We have tried, however to
broaden the field of foreign aid
to include nations not entirely
certain of their loyalty to the
free world. In that category,
we have advanced major as
sistance in money and goods,
services and foodstuffs to such
dubious friends" as India and
Indonesia.
For our unstinted generosity
we have asked nothing of a
tagible nature in return. for
the most part. OF course it is
obviously in the national in
tereSt of the United States to
keep our allies and potential
allies strong, and to leave TO
stones unturned to prevent the
loss of free peoples to the
Communist camp.
There are grave reasons to
doubt, however, that the re-
turn on our immense invest
ment is large enough to afford
us much satisfaction. Not only
do few of the recipients Of
Evening star., 1955-05-02
Eisenhower Republicans and New
Deal Democrats Start Fireworks

China. To do so they had to
shove over an almost solid
phalanx of Democrats led by
Senator George, the bellweth-
er for the idea.
They have thus retrieved the
Republican Party's position on
what is widely believed to be
a popular move by the Presi-
dent. It has meant repudiat-
ing the observation-disclosures
leadership, since both term
such negotiations a form of
appeasement.
Senator Knowland is now
in retreat from an inferential
suggestion that he might re-
sign as leader in protest
against the Eisenhower moves.
But Senator Knowland is re-
markably sincere in q rather
expedient profession. The job
for Mr.. Eisenhower within his
party will remain to be done
by the intrepid IL.
On the Democratic side,
Senator Humphrey of Mime
sofa took off the gloves on
the administration farm and
foreign policy. He was ably
assisted by Senator Sparkman
of Alabama. Between them
they got on the record many
things that Adlai Stevenson
has been urged to say by
those most firmly committed
to his candidacy for Presi-
dent.
This too represented a kind