davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Air Force Finds 1t Tough
To Get Academy 1t Wants

the Air Force says, 1S definitely
decided on. The detailed plans of
each building. however. are still
flexible. still subject to change.
And many changes have been
made.
When q model Of the proposed
design was first unveiled, some
Congressman complained bitterly.
There was too much glass, they
said, not enough traditional ma
terials. Already, however, the Air
Force had been modifying its plans.
The architects decided the vast ex-
panse Of glass was impractical in
view Of Colorado's winds and bright
sun. So additional natural materials
were substituted in some outer
walls.
It was the first glass" design
which the House turned down. It.
was the modified plan which
Senate Appropriations Committee
members were shown last week. The
Air Force has high hopes that the
amateur architects on Capitol Hill
will approve the new design and
let the academy be opened on
schedule in 1857.
Controversy Over Chapel
A good deal Of the controversy
RACES over the design Of the chapel.
The Air Force says 1t has not de-
cided for sure what the chapel
should look like, but a tentative,
accordian pleated pattern was
hooted right OF the drawing board
by Congressman.
During last weeks testimony
before the Senate Committee no
new chapel plans were shown. That
could be decided later. Air Force
officials said.
But here at Colorado Springs the
Air Force Academy Construction
Agency is showing pictures of
second chapel design. (See pic
ture above.)
Design No. 2 is again more of
an idea than q concrete plan, but
II Congressman remain true to
form, it is doubtful whether they
will like 1t better than No. l. For
the new model looks like an old
fashioned blimp hanger with q
minuscle steeple stuck into one
end.
Judged strictly by numbers,
members of the general public who
have seen the models of the pro-
posed academy think it is attrac-
tive and appropriate. The model
was on display for some time at
Colorado Springs and comments
of the visitors were largely favor
able, the Air Force reports.
Architect Wriehfs Blast
But one member of the public
who thought the whole concept was
terrible seems to have counterbal-
anced the favorable judgements.
The dissenter was man well
worth listening to. however. He
was Frank Lloyd Wright, a pio-
neer himself who originated many
Of the most attractive concepts In
contemporary architecture.
Mr.. Wright said the Air Force
had muffed great opportunity.
He called the proposed academy q
factory"
He has not submitted any plans
Of his own, but he has made few
suggestions which the Air Force
says are too expensive and too i'm
practical. Congressman have lis
tened to Mr.. Wright's criticism of
the existing model with respect.
however.
The Air Force claims it's own de-
sign well captures the airman's
forward-looking spirit, though, so
the flyers are putting up stiff
battle for what they think Is right.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Los Angeles
1GELES TRANSIT LINES
(Private)

LOS ANGELES TRANSIT LINES
(Private)
Struck since June 20, Los Angeles
Transit was on the point Of
settlement with its workers when
this information was received Fri
day afternoon. However. two other
agreements between labor and man
agement negotiators were rejected
earlier by the union rank and file.
AS a private concern, L. A.
Transit gets no tax attachments
except for the city use tax on
major purchases. Management as
serts that this abatement is "insig-
nificant" and is far offset by levies
such as q gross receipts tax of
21a per cent on fares-which are
not imposed on other, nontrapait-
type, corporations in Los Angeles.
l.. A. Transit last year carried
226 million passengers ct fare Of
II cents cash, seven tokens for
81. The company showed o net
operating income Of $2,183, ,8O3 and
q net profit Of $1.052. .467.
When the strike began, operators
were making $1.91 an hour. The
agreement reached Friday called
fof q package" estimated TO total,
in cash and fringe benefiits, about
~ cents an hour. The immediate
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Cleveland
CLEVELAND TRANSIT SYSTEM
(Public)

CLEVELAND TRANSIT SYSTEM
(Public)
The Cleveland Transit System
is department of the city gov
ernment, but is under independent
control Of o transit board of i've
men appointed by the Mayor. It has
full authority to set its fares at
level which will insure continued
liquid operation Of the system.
Although it Is a governmental
agency. CTS's principal tax abate-
ments are on bus license plates
and Federal gasoline taxes. Based
on Ohio's weight scale, CTS saves
about 100000 a year on bus tags.
Based on gasoline consumption.
its Federal gas tax savings amount
to about $145,00O.
Until July /, operators were being
paid $1.92 an hour, but an arbitra-
ton award has now boosted this
pay to 81 nat. This increase has
resulted In an announcement that
fares will be raised. effective July
81, from the present is cents to
20 cents cash, 5 tickets for so cents.
Generous State pension provi-
sions give Cleveland operators $185
q month on retirement. Together
with social security, retirement in
come would total about $332-one
OF the highest totals in the country.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Chicago
CHICAGO TRANSIT AUTHORITY
(Public)

=
The Chicago Transit Authority
b q municipal corporation wholly
separate from all other govern
mental agencies. It is required by
State law to provide service at ac-
tual cost, and fixes its own fares at
levels sufficient to defray its ex-
penses. It pays no Federal income
or excise taxes, and no local real
estate or personal property levies.
It does, however, pay other forms
OF taxes, which in 1854 totaled $2.9
million. a........
The fare basis is 20 cents cash.
In 1854 the authority carried GAL
million passengers from whom 1t
derived $l21 million operating rev.
enue. Breakdown Of expenses in
dicates the system operated nearly
. third of million dollars In the
red last year.
Chicago's employe dement's are
among the most generous in the
country. Its newly inaugurated
wage basis for journeymen opera
tors Is $2.05 an hour.
Pensioners such as the one de-
scribed in the New York section
cotlld-if married TO q woman also
66-draw as much as $294 q month.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Detroit
DEPARTMENT OF STREET
RAILWAYS (Public)

DetToit's transit system is oper-
ated as a department of the city
government. AS such it is exempt
from most taxes paid by private
concerns. but does pay real and
personal property taxes to Detroit,
suburbs and State. Last year these
taxes totaled about $1,165, 900.
DSR's chief tax abatement is in
the form of waivers Of State and
Federal gasoline taxes. II levied,
these taxes would amount to about
$1.4 million q year.
Detroit fares are 20 cents, 10
tokens for SITS. DSR carried 232
million passengers in 1854 and
showed q net Of $1,132, ,000-about
a quarter Of q million dollars less
than the money 1t saved through
gasoline tax exemption.
Journeymen operators are paid
$685. cents an hour.
Employees, as civil servants, are
not subject to social security taxes
and draw no social security pay
ments on retirement. Rather, their
pension rates are fixed by the city
and in the case of a typical en-
ploye would amount to about 5000
a month.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
New York
NEW YORK CITY TRANSIT
AUTHORITY (PubIic)


The Transit Authority is q quasi
governmental agency, set up as a
public benefit corporation" and
as such is exempt from all Federal,
State and local taxes. So free from
tax worries is NYTA that its book
keeping system makes 1t impossible
10 figure what its taxes would be
II 1t had to pay them.
Transit Authority fares are is
cents fiat. On this basis, the au-
thority's vehicles carried nearly 10
billion passengers in fiscal 1854.
It's net operating income was slight
ly over $5.7 million, q figure that
also represented TAs profit"
Wage rates for employees with
full seniority are now under ne
gotiation. but at the moment
amount to $1.96 an hour.
Pensions are contributory on the
part OF the employe, and vary &C
eording to earnings, length Of serv-
ice and contributions. Ia en-
ployes pay no Federal social secur-
1ty taxes and derive no social Sc
curity benefits on retirement. The
whole retirement income of a 65-
year-old pensioner with IS years
service would be about Sl70 O.
month.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Baltimore
BALTIMORE TRANSIT co.
(Private)

BALTIMORE TRANSIT co.
(Private)
This privately owned system re-
ceives no tax attachments Of any
kind. according to John Duvall,
BTC's director of planning.
Fares in Baltimore are 18 cents
cash, two tokens for IS cents. The
system carried 1872 million passen-
gers last year, of whom lao mil
lion were classified as revenue pas
sengers, the remainder riding on
free transfers. BTC's net operating
income was about $1.1 million, and
its net profit, $874,576.
Baltimore operators recently re-
ceived a. wage increase which
brought them to $1.90 an hour
the wage in effect In Washington at
the death Of the old contract
June 30.
Pensions are non-contributory on
the part Of the employe, and are
based on wages and length Of serv-
ice. For a typical case parallel to
the others in this survey, the pen
sioner would draw about $237
month. including his social security
Evening star., 1955-07-24
A STAR SURVEY Z
How Transit Systems
Are Foring in Major
Cities Across Nation
A STAR SURVEY

Public transit may not be dying industry, but it is
indubtably sick Exactly how SICK in various localities
depends in large measure how massive shot in the
local authorities willing to administer
To arrive at comparison of transit operations the
biggest cities of the country The Star queried leading
port operators the II cities with populations over million
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Washington

NAEAAAA 1hANS1I W. tff1Vate)
This is one Of the two major
companies in the country now
shut down because Of labor diff
culties.
Capital Transit. like the Balti-
more and st. Louis operations,
pays its full load of taxes.
The company's fare basis (at the
time the strike beganJ was 20 cents
cash, 5 tokens for 80 cents, with
pass-reduced fare arrangement
also in effect. The system carried
218 million passengers in 1854, ac-
cording to CTC's annual statement
for that year, showed a net oper-
ating income of $846, 727 and a net
income of $685., 1892.
Wages in effect before the strike
were $1.90 an hour for operators.
Pensions before the strike were
contributory. and were set at $40 q
month fat for a 65-year -old pen
sioner with full seniority. In con-
nection with his social security, the
CTC pensioner could expect to
draw $217.75 a month on retire
ment.
Evening star., 1955-07-24

Items surveyed included nature
of the operation. fare and wage
rates, tax advantages granted,
pension benefits and other SALIENT
details.
OF the IL transit facilities, six
were publicly. five privately operat-
ed. When the survey was COM
pleted Friday afternoon. two of
the five private companies - In
Washington and Los Angeles-still
were shut down because Of labor
troubles.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
St. Louis
ST. LOUIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
(Private)

This private operation enjoys no
tax abatements. and is even re-
quired to remove ice and snow at its
own expense from all streets on
which 1t is franchised to operate.
Public Services fare basis Is 20
cents cash. with additional charges
for suburban and crosstown zones.
q S0-cent round trip within a single
zone and q pass-reduced fare ar
rangement like Washington's. The
system. carried 149 million revenue
passengers In 1854. It's net operat-
Evening star., 1955-07-24
Boston
METROPOLITAN TRANSIT
AUTHORITY (Public)

AUTHORITY (Public)
This regional SYSTEM is defined
in law as "a body polite incor-
porate" and q political subdivision
Of the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts. AS such, MTA is exempt
from virtually all taxes, and re-
ceives an additional benefit in the
form of relative freedom from snow
removal charges.
Boston's metropolitan fare basis
is 20 cents. 5 tokens for 80 cents.
Last year, MIA carried 244 mil
lion passengers and rolled up a
net operating loss of $755 5,0s0. 40.
Its total net loss for 1854 Is shown
as $6.473, ,494.53.
MTA's journeyman operators are
paid the highest wage in the coun-
try-$2071a an hour. This was
boosted recently from $2.01.
A fully qualified employe, retir-
ing at IS, would receive $12l q
month pension, in addition to So
cial security, for total of $268.75.
Evening star., 1955-07-24
SITUATION AT A GLANCE

NOTES. Pension shown includes social security M ony for
S. mored oso S. retirement otter IS years
agreement reached at bosonns ob but yet ratified by rank
ondfiIs Woss rcts wus $l.9l before strike
s'Woss rate effective July !, fare rate effective July b.
'''Rotes in effect when contract expired June 80.
Evening star., 1955-07-24

cash raise would hike operators
pay to $1.97.
Untouched by the negotiations
was L. A. Transit's $3.50 contribu-
tory pension, which pays fully
qualified employe $50 q month in
addition to social security, for q
total retirement income Of $207.75.
Evening star., 1955-07-24

ing income was $1,092, 1903 and its
net profit $1,069. .450.
Operators wages are presently
established at $1.87 an hour-the
lowest of any of the large cities.
The company has a non-contrib-
utory pension plan under which any
operator with over Is years service
may retire at IS and must retire
at 10. The pension 10 q fat $50
which, together with maximum So
cial security payments, totals
$207.75.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19
Three Debutdntes
Make Bows Here

The Christmas debutante
season got OF to a busy start
yesterday as three young
women made their bows to
Washington society.
Miss Virginia Dorr, daugh-
ter of Mr.. and Mrs. Russell
Higginson Dorr. was presented
at a reception given by her
parents at their home in Nc
Lean, Va.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chester Al
bert Hogentogler gave a re-
ception at their home from
S to z in honor of their daugh-
ter Suzanne Mcclure Hogen-
togler. And Mr.. and Mrs.
William Henry Doherty also
entertained at their home for
their daughter Anne Reed
Doherty
At the Doors home, tradi-
tional Christmas themes were
used in the decorations.
The dehutante and her
parents received In the large
cypress-paneled drawing room.
And from the picture window
guests admired the adjoining
terrace where a white Christ
mas tree and creche were ar
ranged.
Over 100 small candles were
used throughout the grounds
to light the way. and inside,
guests were served punch from
an unusual wassail bowl.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

A large reception was given
yesterday in honor of Miss
Nancy Gene Gardiner and Miss
Ann Covinston Porter who will
be presented to society this
week.
The 5 to Z o'clock party was
given by Mr.. Joseph Eagle
Barrett, jr.. and Mr.. Richard
Lee Ridge at their home on
N street in Georgetown.
Receiving the 200 guests
with the two debutantes were
their mothers, Mrs. Algernon
S. Gardiner, jr.. and Mrs. Paul
A. Porter. and the hosts.
Both the oebutante group
and their parents attended the
party.
Among the guests invited to
the party were the Swedish
Ambassador, Nine. Bohemian
and their daughter Miss Mon
lea Bohemian, the Ambassador
from Ell Salvador and Sonora
de Castro. and former Costa
Rican Ambassador and Sonora
de Oreamuno. and also the
Undersecretary of Commerce
and Mrs. Louis S. Rothschild.
Others asked were the Span
ish Ambassadors daughter.
Senorita Mercedes de Areilza,
Miss Grace Ann Guggenheim,
Miss Ellen McNeille. the Misses
Alicia and Mariana Moran,
Miss Nina AuchincloSs. Miss
Alexandra Hufty, Miss Ann
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19
Miss Sellers
iEntertuinS

Miss Katherine Ashley Sell
ers, sub-debutante daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Ashley Sellers.
entertained her sister sub-debs
at a luncheon yesterday at her
parents Tilden street home.
Katherine. who is student
at Holton-Arms School has
as her guests. the Misses MILE
McLendon. Mary Rutherford
Scott, Sally Joan Schinnerer.
Mary Ellen Quayle. Ginger
Poole, Mariana Oliveri. Alice
Marie Meeker. Annie Laurie
Martin, Helen Mahan. Carole
Elizabeth Lund. Martha Scott
Hart, Noreen Calvin. Sarah
Foret Grace MART Ewing.
Nancy Edwards, Deborah
Worthington Dorsey, Sallie
Ann Curtin. Judith Collins.
Beverly Carter. Katherine
Cabell. Starr Bulls and Rob-
erta Barnes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19
Porty Planned
After Theuter

Many Washington luminar-
les will be among the first
nighters at the opening per-
Torrance of THE Boy Friend. I"
tonight at the Shubert The
alter.
Among those planning to at
tend are Admiral and Mrs.
Ralph Riggs. former Ambassa-
dor and Mrs. Myron Cowen.
Mrs. Gilbert Hitchcock. Adj
miraI and Mrs. Neil Phillips.
Mrs. Edward Foley, the Rev.
DR.. Leslie Glenn, Mr.. and Mrs.
Clark Clifford. Mr.. and Mrs,
C. C. Schiffeler, Mrs. David
Sackett and Mr.. and Mrs.
Blair ChilS%
Arriving from New York for
the performance are Mr.. and
Mrs. Ernest Martin, Mr.. and
Mrs. Arthur Lewis and Mr..
Monty Shaft. Mr.. Martin is
the producer of the musical
comedy and Mr.. Lewis and Mr..
Shaft are his associates.
Following the performance.
Mr.. r. w. Bailey. Counselor
and Head of Chancery at the
British Embassy. and Mrs.
Bailey will entertain at a sup
per party at their home for
the cast.
Among those invited to meet
the British cast of this Brit
ish play are Mr.. and Mrs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

1t was formerly a huge Turk
ish brass brazier or ''mangal, +"
which Mrs. Dorr had converted
to a punch bowl when the
DORIS were stationed in Tur-
key. where he was Marshall
Plan chief.
Music for singing and dane
ing was provided by Devron.
Attends Bennett Junior College
Miss Dorr had Just arrived
home the day before from
Bennett Junior College in
Millbank, N. Y. Miss DORIS
preparatory studies were made
at st. Georges School in
Switzerland, Garrison Forest
School in Maryland and she
is q graduate Of Mount Vernon
Seminary here.
Among the guests yesterday,
most Of whom were friends of
the debutante's> parents, were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

Miss DORIS grandparents Mr..
and Mrs. 0oldthwaite II. Dorr.
The senior Mr.. Dorr served
with the Government in WASH
ington during both World
Wars and was Special Assist
ant to Secretary Of War Slim
son during World War II.
The debutante's father is
now an official Of the Inter-
national Bank. His previous
positions have included, in
addition to his Turkish as
signment, Minister in Paris as
general counsel and advisor to
William Draper. who was then
Marshall Plan Ambassador.
Miss Dorr win be presented
to New York Society on Janu-
airy 2 at the Debutante Assem-
bly, there.
Earlier in the day, before
the Dorr party, Miss Dorr and
others Of the Ydebutante set
went to a nearby party given
by bachelors Henri Roskam,
Rolls Wilcox. jr.. and John
Dickinson for the Yale Glee
Club.
HOgent0gler Debut
At the Chevy Chase home
of Mr.. and Mrs. Hogentogler,
their daughter Suzanne was
presented at q party which
also featured the traditional
Christmas decorations and
music by Sidney.
The debutante and her
mother received their guests.
The former wore a white silk
crepe cocktail dress, a perfect
compliment to her golden
brown hair and brown eyes.
She carried . bouquet Of red
sweetheart roses. Mrs. Hogen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

togler chose Q cocktail dress Of.
dark blue velvet.
The petite debutante, who
is a graduate Of Stone Ridge
Country Day School Of the
Sacred Heart and Georgetown
Visitation Convent, is now in
her first year of college at
Georgetown Visitation.
She Is q granddaughter Of
Dr.. A. James Robertson. one
Of the worlds distinguished
astronomers Mrs. Robertson,
the former Martha p. Worth
ington. q descendant Of Gov
Thomas Worthington Of Ohio.
was born in the old family
home 'Adena" in Ross County,
Ohio, which has recently been
turned into a State shrine.
On her paternal side, the
debutante is the granddaugh-
ter of the late Chester Allen
Hogentogler, a leading scien-
tist and author in the field Of
highway engineering. Her
grandmother, the former Julie
cite Willis Bull Of Baltimore,
is descended from families
long prominent in the history
4 Of Maryland.
Assisting the debutante at
the party were her cousin.
Miss Nancy cissel, the Misses
Jean Anne Driscoll, Stanlee
Ann Miller, Helen Craig and
her sister, Judith Hogentogler.
who made her debut in WASH
ington In 1858.
Also assisting the debu-
tante's mother were Mrs. Dem
mis- Chavez, Mrs. Brockett
Muir. Mrs. Floyd Sterling Rog-
ers, Miss Frances Reeves and
Mrs. George Dixon.
Other events being planned
See DEBUTANTES, Page B-7
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

Cornelius Van Engert, Mr.. and
Mrs. w. T. NJ. Beale, Comdr.
and Mrs. Gerald Guild. Mr..
and Mrs. George Keiser, Miss
Bess d. Schreiner, and Misses
Moliie and Cynthia Makins.
daughters Of the British Am
bassador and Lady Makins.
Mr.. and Mrs. /. P. Garran
will head q number of guests
from the British Embassy staff.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19
Debs Nancy Gardiner
And Ann Porter Feted

Walker, and the Misses Davi-
cite and Frances Hill.
Also expected at the party
were Mr.. and Mrs. Gardiner,
ST., Mr.. and Mrs. Francis w.
Hill, jr., DR.. and Mrs. Robert
E. Moran, Mrs. j. Garrett
Whiteside, MIR. and Mrs. F.
Moran McConihie and Mr.. and
Mrs. Godfrey w. Kaufman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-12-19

Like CONNECTION blouse for the
most feminine. Lace friIls the yoke
line and the three quarter sleeves
Sizes 81 to 50. 1898
Jefeffs Sports Shop whot oft shop il Is
Third Floor Street ood OF oil Jeeff branch store
Evening star., 1955-07-17

will not necessarily produce better life for them
1t is coming to be seen that it is better to make
haste slowly - that is, to preserve much of the old
social structure, to keep families and villages intact
and to weed out superstition and taboos gradually as
new values are added.
WHAT is true of Africa is true for all of u.s. Coeee
freshmen often feel they must quickly shed the stand
ards of behavior of home. Civil-servce employees
coming to Washington from small towns sometimes
try to hide their origins and become Sophisticated"
Children of immigrants want to drop everything
European and turn completely American
We lose much fine quality in hasty efforts to break
with the past. Life is continuing process; it
is not suddenly made over through new Job
college degree or the leap from jungle village to
an industrial city.
In time of world fiux and change major problem
is TO stone the lizard without breaking the old pot
which is just as useful and necessary as ever
Evening star., 1955-07-17

question, do you miss the White House?'
1t is Mrs. Truman's first magazine article,
and in it she includes some sidelights on
life with Mr.. Truman, private citizen. Some
of her sparkling observations will surprise
you.
ONLY WAY OUT. A husband we know
about recently tackled his household budg-
ct amid the usual din from the children
and numerous interruptions. Finally he
blurted to his wife, well, I've solved it all
right - but one of US will have to gor'
CORRECTION. In his recent article,
Doris Wouldn't Dance" Movie Editor
Louis Berg inadvertently wrote that actress
Doris Day stars in the screen biography
Of the late Ruth Etting." For this unfor-
tunate error, our sincere apologies to Miss
Etting (noW Mrs. Myrl Alderman) who is
very much alive. The EDITORS
Evening star., 1955-07-17
Si1eHEses

NEXT QUESTION: On Page l8 of this
issue, famous actor Charles Laughton con-
tributes to our i've Got A QUESTION
series by answering readers query,
what is the best way to encourage chill
dren to read = and to enjoy reading?"
Next week former First Lady, Mrs.
Harry S. Truman, gives lively account
of the difference between Washington and
independence. Mo-, when she replies to the