davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-03-11
BRIEF
NEWS
SCENE
High and Lowdown"
BY BAn.EE THOMAS

Fiub Dub: Radio Free Europe
needs sports writer on its staff.
Recently in a broadcast to Hun
gary, RIFE called, Willie Mays,
% year old captain of the N. Y.
Giants team" The last time
Bailee looked Alvin Dark was
captain of the Giants!
Governor Timber? II looks like
capable Elmer l.. Andersen, state
senator from st. Paurs 42nd dis.
triCt south is sure sooner or later
to be considered for COP guber-
material timber. Since the begin
ming Of the present session, An
dersen has been mailing out to
constituents, the press and radio a
well developed and documented
report labeled, The Andersen
Letter"
PTA ENDORSES: The Mime
sofa Congress OF Parents and
Teachers tPTA to you) has en-
dorscd a state FEpC act. In a
report by its Legislative chairman.
Mrs. Henry Kramer. the PTA
says, Equal educational oppor-
tunity should be followed by equal
employment opportunity. Gmd-
ance teachers tell us that many a
talented students do not train in
the field OF ability because race,
color or creed Is a BARRED TO en-
ployment. Security in the home
liz much Influenced by conditions
OF employment and the type OF re-
cepton received from society"
Key Expert: Teddy Wilson. he
OF the nimble tuneful piano
fingers, is skilled on two types Of
keyboards. Al Tuskegee he be-
came an expert Linotype operat-
or. II his music career ever pals
on him he can get job pounding
out type for some Newspaper or
print shop. Wilson In a featured
pianist on CHS Radios Chime
Photographer" and In featured on
the Teddy Wilson Show" on the
same network. Wilson halls from
our neighboring city OF Des
Moines.
Say Hey, Willie; The Giants
Willie Mays was arrested twice
within a week for beinK too
speedy on the highways. His
FIRST speeding tag was for driv-
ing his 's5 Cad 20 mph In a 80
mph rome. Tho second came for
driving As mph on the New Jer-
sey turnpike.
Unloading A Lot: Last Wednes-
day night at the house labor COM
mittee hearing on FEpC, Graham
Fuller, 18th district and a very
vocal foe Of FEPC in his TRADE
against the bill said that Il deal
in feed and fertilizer ~ this
point he was interrupted by ia
cob Herzog, a member Of the
committee, who told Fuller. you
sure unloaded a lot Of u here to-
night"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-03-11

n The customers and I, multiplied by
millions--decide what products our fac.
tories will make. how much viii be made,
and the price they will be sold at
Competition for the customers money
weeds out inefficient businesses. and forces
others to become more efficient. This In
turn brings about lower prices. better
quality and service and the development
OF new and improved Observation-Disclosures
business service
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Dovd Lowrenee-
Short-Sighted View Of Formoso
Btons Blasting u Action Seen Ignoring ~ Stote OF Wa
With Red Chino and NOV Provoke solotonsm Here

the fighting was a cease fire"
It was not a treaty of peace.
Hence, the state Of war con-
tinues. That's the truly legal
position of Great Britain as
well as the United States today.
From time immemorial. a state
of war has superseded all other
legal considerations. Thus in
1941, the Petain government in
France was the legally consti-
tuted government of France
but no Americans suggested
that it be recognized.
When nations are in a state
of war" they are duty bound
to take measures Of common
defense. and particularly to
take action deemed necessary
if the armistice provisions are
violated. Hence, it is surpris-
ing to note how often British
editorials refer to the Formosa
treaty as IAN American prof.
ect."
The military commanders OF
the United States feel that the
defense of Formosa is a de-
fense against one flank OF
the enemy. Formosa and the
islands necessary for its stra-
tegic protection by air have
been declared to be part of a
Western defense line of the
United States. But it is equally
defense line for the U. N.
in the Korean war which has
by no means ended.
Red China was given an
opportunity at the Geneva
conference last spring to place
the whole matter of reunifying
Korea before a commission of
the United Nations, but, sup
ported by Moscow, the Peiping
regime declined it and used the
occasion to vilify the U. N.
How then is it moral or legal
for Britain in the Formosa
controversy to be taking the
lead in trying to arrange for
a commission or conference
outside the u. N?
Supposing Hong Kong were
attacked tomorrow, would the
British be pleased to hear
Americans saying that it was
strictly a British affair? And
what is the legal position to-
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Safe Proves Too Safe

SALE LAKE CITY (P.-Water
Department Computer Willard
Spence won't be blamed If he's a
little cautious about checking
records in his Offices walk-in safe
today.
He was in the safe Saturday
when the heavy door swung shut,
slammed by a painter.
The secretary. who has sup
posed to have the combination,
couldn't find it. She called a
former employe who knew the
combination. But he wasn't
home. After more fumbling and
fuming-20 minutes of it in all
the combination was found and
the air-tight safe opened.
1T was hot in there" said Mr..
Spence as he walked out, red
faced.
Evening star., 1955-02-14

elections throughout Germany
on the lines proposed by Sir
Anthony Eden; and they sug-
gested that the territorial in
tegrity of a neutralized Ger
many should be guaranteed by
the European states dnclud-
ing the U. S. S. r. and by
the United States of America.
One can dismiss these as
only propaganda moves. The
point is that they are ex-
tremely effective propaganda
moves. corresponding with the
desires of a possible majority
of the people of Europe, and
that the United States has
made no earnest attempt to
explore the extent of their
sincerity.
This hardened American at
titude aids Soviet diplomacy.
It makes the Soviets appear to
be sweetly reasonable and pre-
pared to make concessions, and
the Americans to be the in
transigent foes Of, a settle
ment.
The European peoples want
such a settlement as will guar
antee their freedom and secur-
ity under the mutual protec-
tion of the United States and
the Soviet Union. They do not
want to be either Soviet or
American satellites. And they
do not want, under any con-
ceivable conditions, to be again
a battle-ground.
The Germans want to re-
unite, under a government
elected without external inter-
ference; the French want to
live with Germany without
fear that once armed she may
take an independent national
course: the Austrians want a
peace treaty; the Poles, even
under a Communist govern
ment, want to get rid of Rus
sian troops. And all want to
buy and sell in any markets
anywhere.
1t is possible these desires
are only wishful dreams, which
take no account whatever of
the realities of power.
Hard-headed people Qike
Chancellor Adenauer) know
perfectly well that the Soviet
Union aspires to the hegemony
qt Europe from Manchuria to
Evening star., 1955-02-14

day of Britain in Hong Kong,
which is far more a part of
China than the disputed For
mosa?
notwithstanding all the talk
about "colonialism." Britain
holds on the mainland of
China a territory that really
belongs to the Chinese-but
American military opinion
strongly favors the retention
and defense, of Hong Kong
because it would be strategic
ally helpful to our side if the
Red Chinese should enlarge the
war in the Far East.
An unfortunate impression is
being made here by certain
British members of Parliament,
some of whom are writing let
ters to the London newspapers
decrying the American position
with respect to Formosa as not
being in accord with interna-
tional law. Also there are
British spokesmen lecturing in
this country who insist that
the Communist government in
Peiping is entitled to recogni-
ton and to admission into the
u. N. because of legal prin-
ciples of International custom.
But not one of these spokes-
men realizes that he is under
mining confid ence in the
United Nations. For it was
the U. N. that intervened in
Korea, costing the lives of 49,
600 American boys and 10000
wounded.
All this was supposed to be
for collective security" If
that moral principle is aban-
doned and eyes are closed in
the U. N. to the acts of the
aggressor which have never
been repented, let alone pun
ished. why should American
boys again be asked to. make
a supreme sacrifice in. behalf
of an organization which SO
soon forgets a moral principle?
Unless this question is salts
factorily answered, London
may prove to be the breeding
place for another wave of
American isolationism such as
swept America in the 20s.
Reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star., 1955-02-14
1ozIs FIeeson
Big Labor Merging for Defense
And Coming Pay Disputes and Guaranteed Wage Demand
Are Seen as Tests of How Militant New Group Will Be

The country seems satisfied
that labor is getting approxi-
mate justice. This is another
fact not lost on the unions
which decided to pool their
membership and treasures for
greater political effectiveness.
For that legacy of the New
Deal years will remain with
the new labor movement. The
trade unions of the United
States will continue to take
political action on a national
scale.
The CIO theorists have lost
their battle for a labor party.
The national labor newspaper
they once plugged for seems
nowhere in sight. The pres
ent practical compromise of a
loose alliance with the Demo-
Gratis, with local support where
indicated for Republicans, will
remain.
An early test of how mill
tant the new labor group will
be should soon be forthcom-
ing. Some big wage disputes
are coming up, including a de-
mand for guaranteed annual
wage by automobile and steel
workers. So far, the President
has been lucky in that no big
strikes have occurred to ex-
acerbate his relations with the
unions, but it may not last.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Constantine Brown

More critical than the dra-
matte changes in the Soviet
Union and the strained situa-
tion in the Western Pacific is
the obvious inability Of the
United Nations to assert itself
as the constructive super
power" to keep peace. for
which purpose it was created
10 years ago.
The last three months have
shown a deterioration of the
U. N. which even it's most ar
dent admirers and advocates
are beginning to admit pri-
vately.
When Peiping announced
that it had sentenced II
American prisoners of war to
Jail as "spies" the impulse of
the political leaders was to
handle the situation in the old
American way. That is to dis
patch a note to Communist
China demanding immediate
release and return of the vic
tins under penalty of a naval
blockade of the China coast.
It was realized that Britain
would not like such a show of
strength. But there was no
reason to believe the London
government, which in the past
has adopted more stringent
methods when it's citizens were
involved, would do more than
protest while Laborite leaders
Attlee and Bevan would make
long moraliZing speeches.
But we handed the case of
the American flyers to the
United Nations because they
had fought under its blue flag
and also in order to help re-
store its shaky prestige. 1t
looked like a simple matter for
this organization which many
would like to make into
"supra-State" to control even
the domestic policies of its
members. But instead of TAX
ing a dignifled attitude and
telling the Chinese Commu-
Evening star., 1955-02-14

with or seeking advice from
major labor leaders, the Presi-
dent has removed a certain
competitive element from their
relations with one another.
When these men had their own
pipelines to President Roose-
velt and Truman. they felt
individually secure. Lately
they have been out in the cold
together.
How much the administra-
ton can be blamed for labor's
present difficulties will be dis
puted. But it is a fact that
the drive to organize workers
has slowed down. This is not
because so much has been
done; only about a third of
non-agricultural workers in
the Nation are unionized. and
some major industries-chem-
icals, for example-have not
been penetrated at all.
In Congress, labor has been
getting nowhere fast. This has
been true since Republicans
captured the 80th, Congress
during the last half of Mr..
Truman's first term. 1t looks
now as if it would be true still,
in spite of the fact that Demo-
Gratis have weighted their Ia
bor committees in labor's
favor.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Dorothy Thompson
u. S. Failure in Di p|onotic Field
Europeans Seen Deplorine Ineptitude Against Reds
And Failure to Smoke Out Russios Real Purpose

Whatever the shakeup in the
Kremlin may mean, we can
anticipate an intensification
Of diplomatic activity to frus-
trate the creation Of a new
German army. and in this
effort the SovietS have non
Communist allies in all West
ern countries, while in no
country is there popular en-
thusiasm for this America
initiated project.
Although the government OF
Mr.. Mendes-France fell on the
issue of his North African pol
icy, the rise and decline of his
popularity followed a long
discernible pattern. AS long as
he was holding out against the
State Department by pressing
to end the war in Indo-C China
and refusing to support EDO,
he had an enthusiastic follow
ing. When he regained the
confidence of Washington and
pushed the Paris pactS for
German rearmament through
the Assembly, his goose was
cooked.
The staunchly pro-American
Georges Bidault suffered the
same fate. So did Mr.. Papagos
in Greece. In England Sir
Winston Churchill wins ac-
claim whenever he takes a line
independent of Washington's,
and in West Germany Cham
cellor Adenauer is having the
most serious struggle of his
political existence.
simultaneously with the
shakeup in the Kremlin, a
conference of the European
Communist states was held in
Warsaw, attended, also, by
persons from Denmark. France,
Greece, Italy, and the Neither
lands (all NATO countries).
and from Switzerland. Who
these persons" were, the re-
ports, unfortunately, did not
say.
But again at this conference
the Soviets offered more car
rots than sticks. They pro-
posed the withdrawal of all
occupation troops from Ger
many and the withdrawal OF
Russian troops from Poland as
Yell: they again offered free
Evening star., 1955-02-14
David Lawrence

Some day the historian who
surveys the present period in
history may call it an age with
out principle or morals in in
ternational affairs-an age in
which the phrase collective
security" was extolled in theory
but callously disregarded in
practice.
Throughout America, for ex-
ample, there is an almost wor-
shipful attitude toward the
objectives of the United Ma
tions, but in Great Britain
which would be expected to be
a keystone in the arch of col
lective security, much is being
said that can ALLEVIATE Ameri-
can opinion from further sup
port Of the U. N.
This is most clearly revealed
in the present discussion in
Britain over the legality" Of
the American position with
reference to Formosa and the
admission of Red China to the
United Nations.
Certain legalisms are intro
duced when it is convenient,
but others are cast aside when
it is deemed expedient to do so.
Thus, in none of the letters
that appear in the British press
questioning the right of the
United States to make treaty
with respect to the defense OF
Formosa is there a single ref
erence to the actual position
under International law in
which Britain and America and
the other ten nations recently
engaged in the Korean War
now find themselves.
For, based on all the inter-
national precedents, the United
Nations actually is in a state
of war with Red China today.
Intervention in Korea in June,
1850, was ordered by the Secu-
rity Council of the U. N. When
Red China's troops entered the
war a few months later, the
U. N. adopted a solemn resolu-
tion declaring Red China's gov
ernment to be an "aggressor."
Nothing has happened since
to erase that resolution from
the legal record. The armistice
at Panmunjom which ended
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Union of Hawaii and Alaska
With 2 Coast States Proposed

A solution to the Hawaii
and or Alaska statehood dispute
was proposed today by Repre-
sentative Hosmer, Democrat, of
California, in a resolution he
believes might have satisfied
Solomon, if no one else.
He planned to introduce a
House bill authorizing Hawaii to
become a part of California while
Alaska would do likewise with
the State of Washington.
The Californian admitted he
has found no one enthusiastic
about the idea. He conceded it
might muddy up even more the
already confused and compli-
Gated statehood argument" But
he declared House and Senate
committee hearings on the
Alaskan-Hawaiian statehood is
sue should at least be given a
chance to consider this possible
alternative.
Everyone seems to have taken
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Johnson Again Urges
End Of Electoral College
BY the Assoeioted Press

A constitutional amendment
to eliminate the electoral college
system of voting by States for
President and Vice President
was proposed today by Repre-
sentative johnson, Republican,
of California.
Mr.. Johnson's proposal. SIM
liar to those introduced in every
Congress for 10 years or more,
would divide electoral votes in
accordance with the popular
vote in each State.
The Californian called the
present electoral college system
outmoded and said, "It actually
disfranchises all of the voters
who voted for the losing presi-
dental candidate"
1T could result, and has re-
suited, in the election of Presi-
dents by a minority Of the pop
ular VOTE" he added.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Doris FIeeson-

The merger of the American
Federation of Labor and the
Congress of Industrial Organi-
cations is a defensive action.
Former President Truman
struck the keynote for it on
Labor Day. 1853, when he
warned:
''If you don't hang together
In this present situation there
will be some people only too
eager to hang you separately"
The Eisenhower administra-
ton has contributed materially
though negatively to the new
unity.
Labor believes the wind from
the present White House is de-
cidedly chilly. They do not
expect it to change, since their
observations convince tn e m
that Treasury Secretary Hum
phrey and Commerce Secre-
tary Weeks have vastly more
influence with the President
than Secretary of Labor
Mitchell.
For example, secretary
Mitchell attacked the right-to-
work laws of the States, which
are the pet hates of all unions.
The White House hastily
backed away, and that cause
seems lost.
Also by not making friends
Evening star., 1955-02-14
lie Aooinst Reds

the English Channel, and that
to attain this it must isolate
1.-The Anglo Saxons" from
every part of the Eurasian
mainland. @r
Every Frenchman and Ger
man with a political brain in
his head knows that, were this
withdrawal to occur, Europe
would cease to be-that, in
the world as it is, bristling with
armament, only the shield of
American protection prevents
them from falling under the
shadow of Russian power,
without a shot being fired.
But what they deplore is
American diplomatic inepti-
tude that often creates rather
than mollifies riffs, and that
fails to smoke out the real
Soviet purposes for all the
world to see.
Evening star., 1955-02-14

States was an aggressor and
was interfering in a Chinese
Peoples Republic affair by its
Occupation" of Formosa and
the Pescadores, where actually
the legitimate government Of
China had withdrawn in 1949.
Peiping's answer to the Sc
curity Council invitation was
something on the order of, Go
chase your TAIL"
With this the United Ma
tions. which according to the
charter has the power to force
a law breaker into submission
by military means if necessary,
just curled up. 1t accepted the
violent slap in the face by the
men in Peiping with good
Christian resignation. It's more
influential members, such as
Britain, pleaded with the
United States to be patient
and consider settlement"
outside of the U. N. on the
unpleasant affair in the For-
moSa Strait. For the time be-
ing we have refused this prop
osition. Our policy makers
know that such an acceptance
would doom our pet peace Or
ganization.
The recent dramatic devel-
opments in the USSR and the
continued impudence of the
Chinese Communists. it is
hoped here, may affect the
thinking of the free govern
ment in Europe. Yet it is adj
mitted by our policy makers
that the life of the U. N. hangs
only by a thin thread.
Unless the U. N. soon begins
to act in keeping with its pow
ers and the purpose for which
it was created, it will go the
way of the League of Nations.
And with it will fall the whole
concept of collective security
which the international Polly
annaS considered the sure-fire
remedy for all the worlds ills.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Fletcher Knebet-
Potomac Fever

Attorney General Brownel Ike Americas greatest
blessing hold the next election on
Sunday The Democrats prayingand the Republicans are
preaching.
Ike quail Georgia old days the only thing
they'd Republican Georgia another Repub
lican.
The evacuation of Tachen proves that
bipartisan foreign policy The Democrats give away
money the Republicans give islands,
companies cut coffee prices. Pretty you'll be
able order second of coffee without having the wait
reSs call the manager to help do the addition.
Wickersham of Oklahoma he's looking
part-me work out his congressional salary What
Congress ought to pass is law to make ends meet.
General Groves too people put personal
cury" first Now there's obviously
work in the morning rush hours.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
Life in the u. S.
Life in the u. S.
Navy to Quit
Roasting Own
Coffee Beans
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. IA
Now hear this, sailors old and
new. The Navy's going to quit
roasting its own brand of coffee.
Soon the Navy's going to steam
along on commercial coffee
brands, just like civilians.
Representative John F. Shell
ley, Democrat, of California, got
the word the Oakland naval sup
ply center's roasting plant soon
would be shut down. The Navy
assured him it would try to find
new jobs for the plants 80 en-
ployeS.
Evening star., 1955-02-14

sides violently for or against
statehood" he said. They have
their minds closed to any other
solution. am introducing the
measure because neither terri
tory thus far has produced a
clear and convincing argument
for statehood but each has shown
that continued territorial status
is not to their advantage"
Mr.. Hosmer added that, al
though he is not sure his own
State would favor having Hawaii
join it, he is certain Texas would
object to having California and
Washington become larger than
the Lone Star State.
Evening star., 1955-02-14
The Critical State Of the u. N.
mobility to Take Action on Reds Challenges in Far East
Seen as Sign it Moy Go the Way of the Old Leoeue

nists who were branded as out
laws in 1851 to return the U. N.
soldiers Immediately. it sent
Secretary General Hammarsk-
jold to Peiping to negotiate"
What would happen to an
FBI agent if he went to the
lair of kidnapers. not to de-
mand release of the victim but
to discuss the ransom, and
stayed to dinner and drank
toast to the health and pros
perity of the gang? He would
have to do that only if the
FBI did not have the will and
the power to enforce the law.
And this seems to be the posi-
tion of the U. N. The power is
available, but it apparently
does not have the will.
Mr.. Hammarskjold returned
to New York and, despite
notwithstanding statements to
the contrary, he came back
empty-handed. Our men are
still in filthy Chinese jails.
Shortly after this flop. which
was camouflaged by express
sions such as wait and see;
the ways of international di-
plomacy are slow but sure" a
far more serious conflict with
the Chinese Reds broke out in
the Formosa Strait. Having
ascertained that the U. N. is a
paper tiger, Peiping turned to
outright aggression by attack
ing Yikiang, a Nationalist
island close to the Red main
land.
This was serious, the U. N.
members agreed. 1t was a mat
ter for the Security Council
to debate and settle. Sitting
as a super-international court
of justice, the ponderous IL
member council decided to
summon Peiping's representa-
tives before its bar. In order
to make their appearance
easier and not to hurt the
Communists feelings, Peiping
was invited to come and press
it's accusation that the United