davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29

proof material, by mixing lime
water, salt, brown sugar and
alum, boiled together. "If you
wish to color it, add ochre or
lamp black" Mistress Betsy ad-
viSed.
An interesting item is a home.
made shoe backing, made as fol-
lows: Zone ounce vitriolic acid,
one wine glass of olive oil, two
ounces of ivory black, one ounce
of gum Arabic, one quart of vine
gar, one teacup of molasses. Put
in the oil and vitriol together,
then add the ivory black and 9th.
er ingredients. Mix well and bot
tle."
A cement glue which was con-
cocted in the Walnut Hill sum.
mer kitchen was made of equal
parts of resin and brick dust,
powdered fine. A lump of bees
wax was added and all stewed
together. Our versatile author
says to keep this mixture in an
old tin and melt some when you
wish to seal bottle or a jar.
The hearth stones at Walnut
Hill were cleaned with a mixture
of red ochre and milk, applied
with a brush.
For cleaning the teeth Mistress
Lea suggests pulverized charcoal
and honey.
Copyright 1858 by Esther b. Stabler)
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
What Depression?
All Ads, Little News

Can you imagine the CLEAN
i'm the eye of the managing edi
tor when he wrote this front
page box for the edition of
July rs, 1884?
NOTICE: Because of the
lack of space due to last min.
ute advertising, the SEN
TINEL is emitting all country
correspondence this week. This
move is to be construed as an
emergency measure and should
not be Interpreted as setting
a precedent"
What depression?
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
BV Esther Ii. Stabler


A fascinating old Sandy Spring
cook book entitled, Domestic
Cookery - Useful Recipes and
Hints to Young Housekeepers"
was compiled and written by
Betsy Ellicott Lea and published
in 1851 by Cushing and Bailey in
Baltimore.
The authoress of this unique
volume grew up at EllicotPs
Mills (noW Ellicott City,, then a
flourishing town on the Patapsco
River, founded by her grand
father Andrew Ellicott and his
two brothers.
Betsy's mother, Elizabeth
Brooke Ellicott, was a grand
daughter of the old patriarch,
James Brooke of Charlie
Forest, Sandy Spring, and
founder of that community. 1t
was through her mother that
Betsy inherited a large tract of
Brooke land.
Betsy and her husband.
Thomas Lea, Jr., decided to ven
ture into Montgomery County
and settle with their small family
on her ancestral acres in Sandy
Spring.
In 1923 we find the Lea family
established at Walnut Hill Farm,
situated midway between the vii
lagos of Ashton and Brighton.
The house overlooks the lush
green valley of the Rawlings
River. The place has been beauti-
fully restored by the present
owners.
Mistress LEAFS Dutch oven,
once the heart of the old house,
has been rescued from oblivion.
The rust has vanished and the
brass trim shines with its former
glory.
When Mistress Betsy took up
her duties on their large farm,
she soon discovered the heavy
responsibilities required for the
successful management of large
establishment in the country.
Life on the big farm was a far
cry from the ease and convent
ence she had enjoyed as a girl
in her fathers home on the
Patapsco River, where she had
been in touch with the outside
world. There was always the ex.
element of the stage coach arriv.
ing from Baltimore, or the sight
of the barges plying the river
between Ellicott'S Mills and Elk
Ridge Landing, once one of
Maryland's busiest tidewater
ports.
The shops in town carried the
best imported goods from Europe,
purchased from the vessels lying
at anchor in the harbor at Elk
Ridge Landing, and hauled to the
factory towns on the upper Pat.
apSco River.
Sandy Spring enjoyed none of
these things; almost every com.
modify had to be made in the
home. Travel was difficult -
and there were few bridges, roads
were often well-nigh impossible
, and carriages were scarce.
. Betsy Lea enjoyed her home
in the rolling hills of MOntgOm-
cry County, but she was shock.
ed at the poor living conditions
and the ignorance of the ser.
wants and farm Iaborers. She
writes that "many of the
young mistresses about her
were wOefully iII.trained and
unprcpared to assume success.
full management of their large
establishments.
Betsy Ellicott Lea was Chip
off the old block" - Ellicotts
never waited for others to take
over. When they set their Shout,
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29

A diary kept by Charles Albert
from May 20, 1861, to July 8,
1863, was recently read and con-
densed by Miss Martha Poole,
of the Montgomery County His
torial Society.
Mr.. Albert started his diary,
says Miss Poole, the day he NOV
ed into his new home on part of
the 925 acres he had bought in
1849 for $2,450-a tract now &C.
cupied by the Manor Club. Then
80 years old, Charles Albert, his
wife, and their six children set
tied down in their new home.
He committed to Washington at
least once a week, sometimes by
carriage and often on horseback.
The 15-mile drive over the turn.
pike usually took three hours.
A lawyer and a graduate of
Princeton University, the diariSt
discusses his activities in connec.
ton with collecting claims for
such clients as the North Allan.
tic Steamship Co. He was also
director of the Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal Co.
Although there are many refer
ences in the diary to the Civil
War, the struggle does not seem
to have disturbed the daily lives
of the Albert family as much as
one might suppose, Miss Poole
says.
On July 81, 1861, Charles
heard cannon fire which he later
learned was from the battle of
Boil Run. He worried about his
three brothers in the. Union
Army; they visited him frequent
~, especially one who was a
typographical engineer stationed
at Jamestown under General
Banks.
When he heard activity on the
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. road, he
went up to the cupola of his
house and saw troops, wagons,
and other paraphenalia of war
passing by.
Charles Albert was a Staunch
Union man and attended meet
ings with Richard j. Bowie and
Allen Bowie Davis. This group
started a Union newspaper in
Rockville.
However, they did not approve
of the act of Congress freeing
the slaves in the District of Col.
umbia, and drew up forceful res
olutions against it. On one of
these occasions, Mr.. Albert says
that r. j. Bowie gave a very
neat speech"
When the Conferedates under
j. E. B. Stuart overran the Coun.
ty, some 5000 troops camped on
Mr. BoWie's farm near Rockville.
He was arrested by the Confed.
crates, but was soon released.
However, his two nephews, Wash
in@ton Bowie and Washington
Chichester, through their efforts
to make themselves popular with
the Confederates in order to OBJ
tain Judge Bowie's release, were
themselves arrested by Union au-
thorities, who thought them too
friendly with the Confederates.
In addition to side-lights on the
Civil War, the diary is filled with
personal matters. Mr.. Albert put
down every cent he spent, thus
giving in detail prevailing prices.
For instance, he paid 50 cents a
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1955-09-29
Area Housed Many Secret
Union Carrisons to Save
Capital from SOutherners
BY Roy Lee Yinger

1t would be misleading to state that Montgomery
County important theatre in the Civil War; 1t was,
rather the focal point of ngress and for the multiple
maneuverings of both the North and the South.
Within it's confines many small, silent and vir-
tuay unknown garsons srategcaly located for possible
protection of the Nations capitol.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

critics, garnished with a lot of
promises that will never be kept,
others insist that the rising dis
content should be checked by the
strict application of communist
principles on the Soviet pattern.
Whatever the outcome of the
present strife among their rulers,
there are not many people in
Iugoslavia who expect tangible
change for the better as long as
the communist regime lasts. Few
er still are those WIN are not
confident that the Yugoslav peo-
pies deep-rooted religious faith
and love of freedom will ovtlive
communism with ell its terrors.
VIENNA-(NC) - Catholic stu
dents in communist Yugoslavia
have to be careful to keep their
rosaries out of sight
Recently boy attending a sec
ondary school was seen to lose a
rosary out of his pocket during
lunch-hour game.
He was Immediately called be-
fore the assembled body of teach
ers and students and told he had
to leave the school forthwith.
He was informed, furthermore,
that he would not be allowed to
continue his studies at any other
school in the Peoples Republic.
TRIESTE-(NC)-Two Yugoslav
priests, including a vicar general,
have been expelled from the coun-
try's southernmost province of
Macedonia, according to informa-
ton received here.
Both priests were ordered to ap-
pear at their local police station
and were given "a hours to leave
Macedonia. They were placed on
trains and sent into the neighbor-
ing province of Serbia
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

actually greater victory for the
Church than is Immediately appar-
ent to outsiders, the Archbishop
quickly explained.
There is still Isic, anti.re.
iisiovs senfimerf among sections
Of 'he population, including
those who call themselves csthc.
lie. This is an unfortunate by.
product Of almost a century Of
totally secular education. And
secular education in Latin Amer.
ies-cerfainly in CusfemsIa-
carries with il a peculiar sisnifi-
canoe. II means not only the
ignoring OF religion. bot also a
contempt for religion and every
thing religious.
The Archbishop bases his hope
for better conditions for the
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

ID The Church is not recognized
as juridic personality and, conse.
quently, cannot acquire or own
property. All church properties
were confiscated around 1880 by
an anti-clerical regime and are
still held by the state.
(2) Establishment of conventual
and monastic institutions or asso-
Citations is officially banned.
(3) Religion is excluded from
state schools.
(4) The Church is forbidden to
exercise any influence in labor or
social questions.
Whether or not these fetters
will be removed depends largely
on the final deliberations of the
constituent assembly now framing
4 new constitution in Guatemala
City.
Archbishop Mariana Rossell of
Guatemala told this writer that the
most the Church can hope for in
the new constitution is a negative
victory - "the elimination of all
provisions which restrict the
Church."
"But the removal of anti-Church
clauses from the constitution is
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
Priest-HistOrian
Traces Split of
Clergy, Politics

CHICAGO = (NCl = Early
in the 10Th century, a pattern
of non-interference by Catho-
lie clergy in party politics was
fixed and remains the same
today, Father John Tracy
Ellis, noted Church historian,
said at the University of Chi
cago here
The American Catholic has
always been free to choose his
own political party without guild
ance from the Church, said Father
Ellis, who is professor of church
history at the Catholic University
of America, and secretary of the
American Catholic Historical AS
sociation
The non-interference pattern
was set by John Carroll, first
Archbishop of Baltimore, accord
ing to Father Ellis, and reaffirmed
by the Bishops of the country in
1840 at their Fourth Provincial
Council.
With a few exceptions, Father
Ellis declared in a Charles R. Wal
green Foundation lecture, this pat
tern of Catholic clerical conduct in
relation to party polite has re-
mained the same to the present
day.
Father Ellis also spoke on Cath
olic contributions to the early col
onization of America He said that
the "black legend of Spain" has OBJ
scured the important role OF Span
ish Catholics.
"It was the Spanlards who evolv-
ed in the mission system the most
successful institutions for dealing
with the Indians. 1t was likewise
by virtue of the missionaries elab.
crate accounts of exploration
through uncharted areas. accom-
panied by detailed maps that the
cartography of the West was adj
vanced," he said.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
Priest arms
About Mixed
Marriages

NEW YORK-(NC)-A Catholic
priest in nationwide radio broad.
cast gave a measure of advice to
his non-Catholic listeners "If
you want happy marriage, there
is one class of people you should
avoid, and that is Catholics. Steer
clear of theml If you are not Ca
tholic, and you marry a Catholic,
you are getting into a boat with
someone who rows altogether diff
ferently than you.
The speaker was Father Joseph
E. Manton, C.SS.R., of the Mission
Church in Roxbury, Mass. He spoke
on The Catholic Hour radio pro-
gram which is produced by the Ma
tional Council of Catholic Men
and carried by the NBC network.
(The program is heard locally on
WLW at 300 p. m. Sundays)
Here are some excerpts from Fa-
ther Mantons talk: do you think
for one moment that the Church
would oppose these so-called mix
ed marriages if they really worked
out? The Catholic Church believes
it is the one true Church founded
by Jesus Christ Therefore it has
a solemn obligation to bring as
many people as possible into the
true fold. For that reason year
after year the Church sends mis-
sionaries to out-of-the-way places.
Now wouldn't the Catholic Church
be fool if at the same time she
neglected foolproof means of get
ting more Catholics, right under
her nose? | mean the Apostolate of
Mixed Marriages. mean why not
encourage Catholic girls to marry
non-Catholic men, raise children,
and since the non-Catholic in
mixed marriage signs promises
that the children be reared in the
true Catholic Faith, why here you
have a perpetual fountain of guar
anteed Catholics.
"a magnificent plan-with only
one drawback. II does not work.
Cold, stubborn figures and hard,
sad facts puncture this rainbow
soap-bubble Of the way mixed mar
riages are supposed to turn out.
Sometime, ago ! read where
Chicago lawyer made study of
500 divorce cases in which one
party was Catholic. Almost in
variahly the rift first started
with religion.
Marriage by its very nature de.
mands complete unity for COM
plete success IT is hard enough to
lead good married life in these
pagan days even when your part
ner is of the same religious con-
viction. But when pilot and co-pilot
differ as to where they are going,
or how they best can get there. il
is immeasurably harder
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

Church on public and private as.
seTanees gwen by President Cas-.
tlllo AT the time OF his revolt
against the eommunist-dominatcd
regime Of Jaeobo Arbenz Guzman.
President Castillo issued what is
called the plan Of Tegucigalpap-
IN effect a little constitution. IT
included a promise Of full religious
freedom. and Church officials arc
generally satisfied that President
Castillo meant what he said.
Church officials in Guatemala
would also like to see legislation
permitting religious instruction in
the state schools and elimination
Il the compulsory civil marriage
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

Some foreign visitors have even
been deluded by the sight of
crowded churches into accepting
the Belgrade governments oft-re.
pated claim that full freedom of
religion exists everywhere in the
country.
But the truth is, of course, that
in spite of certain relaxations of
control, particularly in the econom-
ic sphere, and of a "go-slow"
order to the political police, Yugo-
slavia remains in the clutches of
her communist rulers whose rap
proachment" to the West was
prompted by economic necessities
as well as personal grievances
against Moscow and in no way af-
fected the communist orthodoxy of
the Belgrade regime.
One remembers the execution
er officiaIIy-condoned murder of
many priests and the continued
imprisonment of many more.
One remembers also the regimes
efforts TO isolate the Bishops. TO
undermine their authority, and
10 sever ell communication be-
tween the Church in Yusoslavia
and Rome.
But that is only part Of the story.
The foreign visitor to YugoslaVia
who notices tl.at religious services
are being held, and that the
churches are often crowded, has no
idea of what is going on behind
the scene. the strict surveillance of
church-goers by agents of the Sc
cret police; the almost insurmount-
able obstacles placed in the path of
a young man who wants to become
a priest; the real heroism demand
ed from most of those who are de-
termined to fulfill their religious
obligations; the difficulties and
dangers facing parents who wish
their children to be brought up in
the Faith.
Any member of the armed forces
or the police and any state or
party official who is seen in
church, or contracts a church we'd
ding, or has his child baptized
knows that he will certainly be de-
prived of his rank or his job, and
probably be sent to prison.
The eradication of religious be.
liefs in The hearts and minds OF
the young is The paramount aim
of 5elsrade's policy. Religious
oppression heads the list of peo-
pies grievances against the re-
ainfe.
The rulers in Belgrade are not
blind to the situation but they
are at loggerheads regarding the
measures that should be taken
in order to cope with it.
While some advocate the cree.
tion of > facade of democratic lib
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

law, which they regard as i r.
siriction on The work Of the church
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
BY Elmer Won Telds

staff Writer. N.c.W.C. News servic,
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

HSnlng the programs.
Mr. Thornton wrote that there is
no question about the constitution
ality of the released time program.
He pointed out that the us. SUI
preme Court in its rulings in the
McCollum and the Zorach cases
had affirmed the constitutionality
of the programs.
The Attorney General wrote
that from the wording of the
(Oregon) statute it is apparent that
certain discretion is vested in the
local school board to make proper
regulations whenever the admins
tration of the released time pro-
gram in religion 'interferes unduly
with the regular work of the
school, He pointed out that the
statute requires the permission of
a parent or guardian for a student
to attend the classes and limita-
tion of the classes not to exceed
100 minutes in any one week.
But Mr.. Thornton also wrote: ut
is my opinion that a school board
cannot arbitrarily refuse permis-
sion for a released time religious
education program, assuming the
parents of such child, or the guard
ian, have made application there
for in the manner prescribed by
the statute"
PHOENIX, Ariz.-(NC)-A bill
authorizing released time pro-
gram for the religious instruction
of students in the States public
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
No Letup Seen in SIav
War Against Religion
BY c. Strachwit1
Correspondent, N.c.W.c. News serviee)

VIENNA - Yugoslava is communist leopard that has
not changed its spots
Foreigners who in recent years have been visiting Yugo
sava IN increasing numbers usually receive the impression
that the Yugoslav Peoples Republic is its way adopt
the Western conception of democracy
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
Drop a Line

Write the editor of your paper
to let him know what you found
helpful in the paper he edits for
you. He will like it.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
Oregon School Boards May Not
Refuse Released Time Program

SALEM, Greg = NC = Oregon school boards may not
arbitrarily refuse permission for religious instruction of pup
lis attending public schools it ruled this week by Robert
Thornton state Attorney General The official added that
the boards vested with only discretionary power esab
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

There is hope that ageod etters Stacking the Church
IN 1uaemaia VIII be removed under the regime of Pres
dent Carlos Castillo Armas
ms hope increases his personal sway the govern
ment and its policies mounts
These are the shackes which have hampered Church
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04
Church in Guatemala
Hopes to See Removal
OF Age Old ShackIes

The author Of the 1ooing article of the NcWc
lore9n ne desk and recently returned from Guatemala
iehee nc talked TO cUd and Church officials Including the papa
Nunclo ond the Archbishop Of Guatemala.
The Catholic times. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1951-current, 1955-02-04

schools has been introduced in the
Arizona State Senate.
Evening star., 1955-01-17

Orange Friday after : long III
ness. He was e6. 20
Born in Perth Amhoy. N. ii.
june IL. 1854. Lesky served with
the Navy in world war ] ana
began his professional boxins o.
reer in 1918. He beat frankie
Mason in New Orleans for She
American iiyweight title Fehra,r
ary II. 1921 and took the world
bantamweight crown from Pets
Herman IN New York September
23 Of the same year.
He lost his nyWeieht title to
Joe Lynch in New York Ia July.
1922. and dropped his hantaya-
weight championship TO Pancho
Villa in Brooklyn in September
Of that year.
Evening star., 1955-01-17
Stor Games
lContinued From page A-lal

and on q fiat track here. But the
Armory track has the advantage
Of size. There are eight LABS to
the mile here instead of IL as
In Philadelphia. And the
Arnnory's two 65-yard straight
aways provide room for accelera-
tion.
Pleased with his Boston show
ing only three days after arriv-
ing Ia this country, Nielsen pre-
dicted the indoor record for him-
self with the remark, Il should
be able 10 get down around 4:05.n
That sounds like d modified
Eantee speaking. The long,
striding Kansas. who owns the
American outdoor record Of
4:00.6. isn't quite that bashful.
Santee has never hidden his in
tentions Of breaking al the rec
ords, including the world outdoor
mark Of 3::5e.O, set by John
Landy Of Australia at Tllrku,
Finland, last June. Landy and
Britain's Roger Bannister. both
now retired. are the only milers
ever to beat 4 minutes. Santee
viii be next. according to Santee.
who was stopped BY the weather
from making another try ct that
figure yesterday In Los Angeles.
Nielsen. . great stretch runner
as proved BY his overtaking Fred
Dwyer after trailing by 20 yards
Just $50 yards from home SAT-
urday night. has been clockcd
Just 26 seconds behind Landy's
record s:4i.S for $500 meters.
He was second by a scant six-
tentfs Of 4 second to Dannister
In the European l,5OO-meter
championshi race last summer.
But there Is another entrant
who likes his chances In The
Star Games mile. He Is bob
MeMillen. who was clicked Ia
the same time Is Winner Josy
Barthel while taking second
place In the l.500-meter race In
the 1861 Olympics. MeMillen Is
also 9 member Of Kehoe's Armed
Forces team. and more than one
observer gives the Californian q
good chance OF stealing the play
from Santee and Nielsen.
Joe Larierre, the former
0eorsetown star now represents
ing the Baltimore Olympic Club:
Alss Grimm Of Maryland Uni.
yersity. Red Stryker OF the
Armed Forces, Warren Chukinas
nf Richmond University, Joe
Skutks Of GeorEeown and wiz
iam Smith Of Boston University
n have entered the mile. Beat
liag out either Santee Of Nielsen
ef both Is the objective Of each
81 these lesser-known runners.
No one denies their right 70 try.
txy. 1
Evening star., 1955-01-17
Weriz Ends Brief HOIdout
And Signs al Old Salary
3, fhs Assoeiossd Pfsss

CLEVELAND, Jan. lT.-Vic
Wertz, q holdout for three days
while he insisted on d token
raise, today accepted the same
salary he got last year from the
Indians. The salary is about
$25, 900.
The 2o-year-old frst. baseman
phoned from his home IN Detroit
and told General Manager Hank
Greenberg. Il guess It's q bit
early for me to give any serious
thought to retiring from base
ball. Z
He had threatened 10 quit and
concentrate on his beer dis.
tributorship In Mount Clemens.
Mich.
The Indians got wertz last
June from the Orioles. He nm
isfed with a ass average, and
topped the Indians with q 500
average in the World Series.