davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-11-20
Missouri Society
Dance Saturday

The Missouri State Society
Of Washington viii hold q
Thanksgiving dance on Satur-
day In the West Ballroom Of
the Shoreham Hotel.
Dave McWillianas win pro-
vide the dance music for the
event. scheduled to begin ct
10 pm. There win be Q floor
show during the intermission.
Jewell A. Dowdail, executive
secretary, has further infor-
nation.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

influx OF Negroes into the North
took place, In that short period
they took construction jobs, and
worked in packing plants and
steel industry, This type OF en-
ployment gain nearly disappeared
after the war and during the de-
precision; and II again took war
TO provide real opportunities for
Negroes to enter industry. Urgent
World War II production quotas,
coupled with a serious manpower
shortage. produced about 100000
Industrial jobs for Negroes, about
half OF which were In the skilled
or semi-sliIled classiflcatons The
number OF Negroes on the Federal
Government payroll Increased
from 10000 TO 100000. President
Roosevelt's 1871 Executive Order
prohibiting religious or racial dis
elimination in hiring by companies
with defense contracts was largely
responsible for assuring work OPP
portunities In munitions and air.
craft plants, and In our shipyards.
The Fair Employment Practices
Committee ended with the war,
and the measures on which II was
based have only been effectively
revived during President Eisen-
hower's administration. Neverthe-
less. a large percentage Of Me-
groes who entered industry during
the war remained at their better
paying jobs. While total employ
ment has continued generally high
since then. there have been OPP
rortunitles for cutbacks and lay
offs. particularly during the years
Of postwar industrial adjustment.
The fact that most employers did
not take advantage Of cutback
periods 10 remove Negroes from
their payrolls indicates that these
formerly marginal workers had
really been assimilated into the
work force producing well, ad-
justing 10 their environment, and
being accepted by their white CO.
workers
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
Gains since War

The most significant gains in
the employment Of Negroes in
skilled and seni-skilled jobs have
occurred since the war. Top-night
industries have set an outstanding
example in the utilization Of train
ed an competent Negro workers
companies like Bell Telephone In
the North, General Electric, RCA,
international Harvester. General
Motors General Cable Corpora
ton. and Standard OIL of New
Jersey. To this list we can add
other key organizations; Westing-
house, Daystrom. sperry, sylvania
Electric Products, st. Regis
Paper: Bristol-Myers In New Jer-
sey. Carson. Pirie a Scott in Chi
eago, and department stores and
banks in many leading cities.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

should nevertheless be tempered
by a full realization that cruelty
and injustice are still with us
more subtle and refined. but still
there. The most obvious. and the
most destructive, of the abuses To
our fellow man result from the
prejudices which have distorted
our thinking and behavior: preju-
dices about religion. national or
igin, economic status. and the one
with which we have the most con-
Germ here this evening, the color
of mans skin,
How Long Can We Afford
Such pitfalls. and others like
them, will always lie along our
road to spiritual and material pro-
gross: but conscience and self
knowledge can help us avoid
them. This Is the age and the time
for us to listen to our consciences
and TO know ourselves. We have
never lived In a better climate for
II: nor has the need ever been
greater. Many men recognize this,
and are doing something about II.
The progress OF the last fifty years
which seems so slow actually APP
pears amazingly rapid when con-
sidered in relation 10 our total his
tory. The question, OF course. is
Just how long we can afford TO
wait for the conquest of prejudices
which impede us all by denying
social and economic opportunity
to the one citizen out of ten who
happens TO belong to the Negro
race
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

staff members Of this paper are
always ready TO give you service
In your news needs. Your friends
like 10 see the names Of friends In
the community paper. Thousands
Of words are written each year
about you and your neighbors In
this--your community paper
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

these 5000 years. We don't wor-
ship primitive gods or fear evil
spirits, No public official today
would ever be flayed alive for a
transgression: nor could we put
up with military leader, like
Alexander the Great. who Is said
to have rolled elephants down a
ravine for the pleasure of watch
ing them suffer.
We respect the person and be-
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

free on paper. but he had no re-
sources, no training. for a life
much different from the one he
had led as a slave. As a result.
few had any recourse except 20 re-
main where they were working.
as tenant farmers. the land they
had formerly worked for their
masters, A token number moved
North. 10 look for work opportuni-
ties which were uncertain and
strictly marginal
LeAs than forty years ago. dur.
Ing World War I. the first real
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

Originally torpedo tubes on
Navy destroyers were mounted In
the bow so~ they are mounted IN
q battery which can be trained ~
tina, the whole ship need no, BE-
turned toward the target
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
Patterns Improve

Changes In discriminatory en-
ployment patterns have taken
place in some West Coast cities.
In Baltimore. Negroes are bang
employed by the fire department
and by taxi-cab companies Here
in 81. Louis. Negroes have recent
~ been hired for the FIRST time a.
Continued ON Page ABB
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25


DIR. Mary Church TerrelI-relent-
less fighter for civil rights, died
at the age of 80. Her efforts
brought about the outlawing of
Jim-Crow in Washington, D. C.
restaurants last year.
Adam Clayton Powell ID, N. "
William Dawson CD, M and
Charlie Digs ID, Mich. Negro
Congressman.
Hulan Jack-Ffrst Negro to be
elected Borough President of
n. Y.
DIR. Kenneth Clark-Assoc. Prof.
of Psychology at the College of
the City of New York, whose
documented indictment of seq
regated education in New York
City has resulted in an investi-
cation called by the Board of
Education, He also played an
important part in preparing
material for the NAACP attack
on segregated education in the
South.
Alain Locke Professor of Phil
osophy at Howard University,
who died in 1854. He was the
first and only Negro Rhodes
scholar. An intellectual leader
of the Negro Renaissance" Of
the twenties, he was the author
of many works on the Negro in
the arts and on problems of race
relations.
Anna A. Hedgeman-First Negro
woman appointed Assistant to
the Mayor of New York City.
Willie Mays-Giant spark plug"
center fielder, was voted the
Most Valuable Player Of the Ma
uonal League,
Joe Perry-FGllback OF the San
Francisco '4sers. was named
professional Football player Of
the Year"
DIR. Ralph Bunche-As deputy sec
Rotary Of the U-N became the
top American in that organiza-
ton
Mrs. Bessie Buchanan Elected 10
New Yorks State Assembly
first Negro Assemblywoman.
Nal whitfield-Tw1ce 500 meter
champion. who was the first Ne
gro 70 win the James z. sulli-
van Memorial Trophy awarded
annually by the Amateur Ath-
ie,ics Union 10 the amateur
athlete who, BY performance, sx-
ample and good influsncs did
most 20 advance the cause %
good sportsmanship during the
year"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
Only 30 Years Ago

Only one long lifetime ago
ninety years the Negro received
legal freedom from the slavery in
which he had been held for more
than two hundred years. He was
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25


living in age and in nation of high civilization and
precedented technical achievement
Concepts Have Changed
Along with physical environment, philosophical
religious concepts have changed and improved too
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

Louis Redding-Noted civil hber-
ties and civil rights lawyer, CO.
council in school segregation
cases before Supreme Court.
DIR. Margaret Butcher-Who led
the militant fight to end segre-
cation in Washington ID. c.
schools.
Edward =. Leuis-Exec. Director
Urban League Of Greater ". Y.
a leader in fight for equality.
Mrs. Goldie Watson-Philadelphia
teacher, indicted by Congress
for refusing. on the basis Of the
LIST Amendment, to answer ques-
tons about her political beliefs
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25

longings Of our nsighbors and
take for granted a similar re-
spect toward ourselves partly.
~ course, because physical survy-
al IL no longer a problem within
our comfortable existence
Americans Enlightened People
DiacOunting what may be going
on IN other parts Of oar planet,
We Americans are in general an
enlightened and highly moral peo-
pie, living under a system 81 gov
eminent which has been the dream
~ good men for thousands Of
years The Satisfaction We feel
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
Fair Employment Important
Part OF or u. S. Free
Enterprise, Says Morrow
MORROW AT 36TH ANNUAL M
LEAGUE, JAN as, 1855
SPEECH DELIVERED ~ JOSEPH J. MOI


the n
| Age MANI 9TH il
to
he o the
nftynt
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1955-02-25
1855 Annual Negro Progress Report
FAITH AccoMPLISHES MUCH .

FAITH ACCOMPLISHES MUCH.
aith accompishes much and faith in Minnesota is the
keynote The steady progress Of Mnnesotos people Of
all races creeds and coors.
Evening star., 1955-08-21
A Long, Long Trail
To the Ballot Box

campaign ever conducted in
this country.
Mrs. Gait Got Credit
The National American
Woman Suffrage Association,
with Mrs. Gait in the fore.
front, was responsible for that
campaign.
There were many other mill
tant and effective suffragettes.
of course. But many believe
passage Of the amendment
might have been delayed for
several years except for the
extraordinarily efficient and
effective leadership provided
by Mrs. Gait.
The League Of Women
Voters, which is an outgroWth
OF the National American
Woman Suffrage Association.
Is another monument to Mrs.
Cats leadership and far
sightedness.
When the women's suffrage
amendment was on its way
into the lawbooks in 1919. she
faced up to the question Of
where the suffrage associa-
ton would go from there. The
organization was marking its
50th anniversary that year.
Mrs. Gait anticipated the
question that many other
women would ask-where do
We go from here? She issued
a call to convention.
She wrote: AS a fitting
memorial to a half century Of
progress, the association in
vites the women voters Of the
Is full suffrage states (pre-
10Th amendment) to join
their forces in a League Of
Women Voters, one OF whose
objects shall be to speed the
suffrage campaign in our own
and other countries"
League Formed
The transition from one or
ganiZation to the other was
Evening star., 1955-08-21
Miss Rutherford
Becomes Bride
miss MarY Jane Rutherford

Miss Mary Jane Rutherford,
daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Palmer st. Clair Rutherford
of Falls Church. was married
August 20 to Mr.. Robert John
Levine. son Of Or. and Mrs.
BENJAMIN B. Levine Of Wan
tagh, Long Island.
The Rev. Henry A. Harrell
performed the ceremony IN the
Crossrnan Methodist Church
in Falls Church. A reception
was held following the cere-
mony at the home Of the
brides parents.
The bride Is a graduate Of
Duke University and will teach
in Arlington County elemen-
tary schools.
The couple will make their
home in Arlington.
Evening star., 1955-08-21
1t. Bethel
Is Married


Mrs. Hamilton Sinclair an
nounces the marriage Of her
daughter Ann Elizabeth to 1t.
william. Fowler Bethel. USMC.
He is the son Of Brig. Gen.
and Mrs. Ion M. Bethel Of Al,
bany, Ga.
The wedding took place yes
terday at the United States
Naval Academy Chapel in
Annapolis. A reception fol-
lowed at the Oficers' Club.
Following a wedding trip to
California, the couple viii re-
side in Quantico, Va.
Evening star., 1955-08-21

been doing that for the past
IS years.
In q statement llailing the
35th anniversary Of the suf-
frage victory. Mrs. John q.
Lee. national president Of the
League. observed that "it is
dificult TO believe today" that
an argument ragged for over
10 years in this country on
the question:: Are women
peopleP"
The introduction Of women
into active political participa-
tion did not bring the dangers
to the Nation which many
threatened it would. Mrs. Lee
pointed out. people. every
where, be they male or female.
are good, bad and indifferent
citizens"
Opened Doors
The granting Of political
freedom opened doors Of OPP
portunity for women which
formerly had been closed to
Them" the league president
adds.
"It enabled them to make
contributions to the life Of the
nation In law. Ii medicine. in
business. In the sciences, In
politics. It permitted them Ii
turn to eject directly the ris-
ing standard of living"
In addition. Mrs. Lee de-
clared. ''the advent Of women
into fun partnership intro
Evening star., 1955-08-21
made at o convention the fol-
lnxSfiV1o vaor 1o00

made at o convention the fol-
lowing year. 1920.
One newspaper commented:
The proof Of q good work.
man is the way he leaves his
job for another to take up.
Mrs. Gait had a great
organization. :. She changed
1t to meet new conditions. !. {.
From being . fighting ma
chine to get one law over the
top, it was reorganized from
the ground up as an educative
machine to get many laws
over the top"
The league. as q student
Of public events knows, has
Evening star., 1955-08-21
BY ISABELLE SHELTON

It was election day in 1872.
Encumbent President Ulys-
ses s. Grant. seeking rejection,
was opposed by the coiorful
Horace Greeley of go West,
Young Man" fame. Excitement
ran high.
On an Iowa farm a l3-year-
old girl watched with interest
as her father and the hired
man, wearing their good
clothes. prepared to go to town
to vote. Her mother still was
working busily, wearing a
house dress.
why. mother, you're not
going to town to vote In that
dress. are you?" the child
asked.
The men shrieked with
laughter. Even the mother
laughed.
Bewildered Child
The daughter was COM
pleted bewildered when her
mother explained that women
could not vote. 1t was the first
time she had been confronted
by the concept that women
were inferior to men in any
thing but physical strength.
1t made a lasting impression
on her.
So lasting, in fact, that the
little Iowa farm girl, who grew
UP to be Mrs. Carrie Chapman
Gait. spearheaded the move
ment which many years later
resulted in the Nineteenth
Amendment. giving won n
the right to vote.
The amendment went into
effect August 26, 1920, just IS
years ago this Friday. The IN
tensive campaign that accom-
panied its passage by Con-
gress and ratification by the
required three-fourth Of the
States has been termed the
most brilliant constitutional
Evening star., 1955-08-21

duced q sort Of social con-
science into the conduct Of the
affairs of men. Women have
played . decisive role In VIM
ming acceptance Of the idea
that government has a respon-
sibility for promoting human
welfare and providing oppor-
tunity for human develop
ment."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Fight Weeds Eorly

Have you a fine crop Of weeds
coming on? 1t will soon be
warm enough to use the weed
killers effectively.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
This Week in the Garden
'Tuberous- Rooted Begonios
Can Be Started Now Indoors

II you have q good place In
which to grow tuberous-rooted
begonias-a place protected from
strong winds and hot sun-now
Is the time to start them in
doors.
Place the tubers about 5 inches
apart in O shallow fiat. Use a
loose, fibrous mixture made up Of
one part each of the peatmoss.
coarse sand and leaf mold.
Before planting dust the bulbs
with orthocide which contains
captain. It win prevent the rot
which so often destroys bulbs.
Rush Gorden Peas
If you have not already plant
ed garden peas do not delay any
longer. They are a cool-weather
crop that will not mature as sat
isfactorily IL caught by hot
weather.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Miscellaneous Notes
Nurcissus Show Set
7 Duys in Mid-ApriI

Schedules have been released
for the sixth annual National
Capital Narcissus Show to be
held at Woodward g. Lothrop
Chevy Chase auditorium April
16, 2 to 10 PM. and April II,
9 am. to 8 pm.
Special air-expressed exhibits
from prominent growers and
hybridiZerS in this country and
abroad will be displayed.
Schedules are obtainable from
the Washington Daffodil So
ciety. 5031 Reno road NV. GEM.
3-4745).
In addition to the society the
following garden clubs are coll
laborating:: American University
Park, Bethesda Community,
Chevy Chase ID. c., Chevy
Chase maryland, Hoe n Hope,
Kenwood, Luxmanor, Montgom-
cry County Mems, Silver Spring
and Woodbridge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Want to Stort Some AnnuoIs?
Don't Defer Sowing I 90 Long

or bulb pans are more conven-
lent to use than the large fats
used by florists and quite sue
cessfully used by the home gar
dener. The chief objection to the
fats is their weight but are found
very satisfactory for holding the
useful plant bands.
Medic for Growth
Seeds may be sown in any one
Of three media. Soil may be used
satisfactorily if it is sterilized.
This may be done by heating q
dishpanful in an oven at 200 to
$50 degrees for As to go minutes.
This soil should be made up of
garden soil, sand and leafmold
or peatmoss.
Many gardeners prefer to use
vermiculite or sphagnum moss.
Neither of these hold any nu-
trients so they must be added
as soon as the plants are up and
ready 70 transplant. A good
fertilizer to use at this point is
IL teaspoonfuls of some prod
uct like Vigoro dissolved in a
gallon of water. In using sphag-
mum put the coarse product in
the bottom Of the pot, covering
it with finely screened moss.
Cover the seed with a very light
covering of fine moss.
Some General Directions
1t is difficult to provide just
the right amount of moisture.
The material used in the pan
or box should be thoroughly
moistened and firmed. Leave
the top quarter inch Of planting
material loose but even.
Cnyy tho cnad nc a,,a,,lx, nc Y,oc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
By Alice S. Younemon

What is needed for starting
seeds indoors? It is well known
that if ANIMALS are to bloom
before the summer is half over
it is necessary to sow seed inside
long before the weather and soil
are warm enough for the same
seed to be sown outside.
Do not start seeds so early,
however, that you have no place
to grow them or until planting
time outside.
If the plants are to grow
straight and tall with lots of
stamens to see them through
two or more transplantings they
must have plenty of light and
ample space in which to grow.
For use in the home. small
containers such as cigar boxes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
ComeIIio Society Show
Set for April 1914

The Camellia Society of the
Potomac Valley will meet at 8:15
tomorrow evening at the District
Medical Bureau. 1718 M street
NV, to hear plans for the first
annual camellia show to be
sponsored by the society April
Is and IA.
Following business there will
be two short color and sound
movies of the Bellingrath Gar
dens, Mobile, Ala. and the orion
Plantation near Wilmington,
N. c.; also a panel discussion on
camellia planting in this area.
On the panel will be DR.. Fran
els De Vos, assistant to the direc-
tor of the National Arboretum,
DR.. Allen Walker. Charles Hol-
den, w. S. Domer and r. Gamble
Mann.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20

this group. Some vegetables such
as tomatoes and lima beans
which grow all summer should
be given a place on the other
side of the garden.
Rose Pruning Tips
Finish pruning roses. II the
plant looks weak prune heavily.
Unless a plant can be coaxed or
forced into vigorous growth it
might better be thrown away
now. Don't set out roses If the
soil is muddy. Heel them in I'M
til the soil crumbles in your
hand. Stock UP on the spray or
dust materials which you will be
needing. Roses will need spray
ing as soon as the leaves appear
and that should be now.
Miscellaneous Notes
When you clean out the ashes
from the fireplace put a good
coating of them close to the
lilacs. They will benefit greatly.
Keep at the job Of removing
leaves from the flower beds and
shrubbery. Do it gently so as not
to injure the tender young
things coming through.
Check the iris to see that the
rhizomes are exposed to the sun
and air. The roots should be
well down but the rhozome itself
should not be covered.-A. S. Y.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20

the containers every day to be
sure that they do not dry out.
1t is d good idea to provide the
moisture from the bottom.
II you want strong plants
ready to set out about May i.
get some seeds started right
away.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Feed Shade Trees

When lawns are fed in spring,
feed also the shade trees, for
they too must eat. Use a we'll
balanced food, placing it in
crowbar-made holes 10 inches
deep 3 feet apart beginning about
feet from the trunk and ex-
tending well beyond the branch
spread,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20

sible and try to SOW 1t thinly.
If the seed is very fine do not
cover it at all for plant life must
have air as well as moisture.
Spray the soil very lightly as
the last step. A bulb sprinkler
is very satisfactory.
Be sure to label each pan or
box. Don't trust your memory.
Cover the container with news
papers to conserve moisture UNI
til the seedlings are up, then
uncover them and put them in
the sun.
1t will be necessary to examine
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20

Don't take our word for it Compare performance by
FREE demonstration on your own ground, under your
own conditions Compare the Gravey with any other
small tractor you will agree the Gravely is the finest!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Arranging Crops

There is much to be gained by
careful planning of a garden.
Place such things as asparagus,
rhubarb and small fruits on one
side of the garden. Plant those
vegetables which are most sue
cessfully grown by successive
paintings in another spot. These
include spinach, lettuce and rad
ishes. Perhaps beans-string
beans and corn, too. should be in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Iurnips and Rutoboaos

If your family likes turnips and
rutabagas they may be planted
now. Purple top white globe
turnip will mature in about IS
days. They are generally more
satisfactory than spring planted
rutabagas which require 80 to
95 days.
The soil should be fertile, we'll
drained, and one which warns
up early.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Gorden PIonnine

Locate your garden where the
sun will shine on it at least
three-fourths of the day. II you
must plant somewhat near trees
or larger shrubs put the very
earliest maturing crops nearest
them. They will mature when
there is still SUFFICIENT moisture
for all,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Good Time to FertiIize

It Is time to fertilize the lawn.
When the moisture is greatest
and the ground is open the grass
can get the good start 1t needs
before the hot days Of late spring
and summer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Full Sun for Strawberries

Strawberry plants may be set
out now. Space them foot
apart in rows 3 feet apart in
well-enriched soil. They require
full sun and good culture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-20
Dustinu

The peonies, hollyhocks, phlox
and other such plants are coming
through the ground now. 1t is
a good idea to dust them now
with Bordeaux or sulphur.