davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-04
Alexandria Man
Dies in Potomac
$E 'ae.s.
Holiday Drownings
Reach 'Totol of IA

4
An Alexandria man drowned
in the washington Channel yes
terday as the water death toll
in the District, Maryland and
Virginia climbed to IA since FRI
day
Willie Hutchings, AZ, colored.
Iof 800 South Alfred street.
drowned early yesterday when he
lost his balance and fell from
Pier 2 into the Washington
Channel, police reported.
The victim, a native Of Kin
ston, N. c., was a laborer for
the Virginia Roofing Co. Harbor
police recovered the body.
Body Recovered
Glen Echo flremen recovered
the body Of another Potomac
River victim yesterday. The VIC
tim was Charles Hefiin, 4S, Of
Durham. N. c., who drowned
early Saturday at Brookmont.
Md.
Two Calvert County (Md.)
persons were drowned last night
while swimming in the Patuxent
River of Kings Landing.
Maryland State police iden-
titled the victims as Carlton AL
fred Young, IL, Of Huntington.
Md. and Raymond e. Duvall, 81.
of Chesapeake Beach. Police said
the pair were swimming around
a boat when they went down. A
third swimmer. George Clark, jr.,
of Pennsville. N. j., was rescued
by Joseph Lee, athletic director
of the YMCA at Camp Druid
Hill, Md.
Father browns
A father OF seven drowned at
Lombardi Beach In Anne Arun.
del County, Md. after he appar.
emily choked on his false teeth.
The victim was James Lucas.
50, an electrician who went under
while attempting to swim q
1,000-foot creek.
Raymond Edward Custer, 40.
Hagerstown. drowned yesterday
while wading at Antietam Fur
mace, four miles east Of Sharps-
burg when ne was pulled into
deep water by a strong current.
Kent Gordon Gallan, Is, of
Lansdowne, Md. drowned yester-
day while swimming In Mt. Zion
Lake, an old quarry.
Die in Ponds
Farm ponds in Virginia took
the lives of two. The body Of
William H. Hill. IS, colored, was
recovered yesterday from a farm
pond near Sterling In Loudoun
County. He fell In Saturday
night while shooting turtles from
a boat.
Robert Steele, II, of Reliance.
Va, fell from a horse into Q
pond Saturday and was drowned.
He was riding the horse across
q dam.
Other Maryland drowning VIC
Tins included:
Robert Leo Windsor. 80, Of
Damascus, drowned Friday In q
Montgomery County farm pond.
James w. Henry. IS, colored.
Of Indian Head, also drowned
Friday while swimming in the
Potomac River.
Evening star., 1955-07-04
3Fro1rl District
Killed on Roads
Eight Die in Virginia;
Maryland Toll Is

~ Three District residents were
skilled yesterday in auto accis
dents as the area traffic toll for
the holiday week end mounted.
Virginia counted eight per-
sons dead today as the result Of
highway accidents. Maryland's
toll stood at three.
At Lynchburg, Va, two Wash
ington men, both colored, died
when their car plunged over an
embankment. sailed 122 feet
through the air and rammed a
tree.
Passenger Injured
State police Unidentified the
victims as Daniel L. Phillips,
as, of 1896 University street
NV. and Fred Hofer.. 40, Of
2127 Fifteenth street NV. An
other man in the car, Robert
r. Smith, escaped with minor
injuries.
The accident occurred on q. s.
Route 20.
Peter r. st. Clair, 81. Of 7l2
Sixth street Sc, will killed when
o car he was driving ran into
the rear of a stopped auto on
Route 301 in Spring Hill, near
La Plata, Md.
Two companions, who were Sc
riously injured, were admitted to
Physicians Hospital at La Plata.
They are: Donald e. Sibert, 81,
Of 1911 Twenty-third street Sc,
and Ranzell r. Pillsbury, 80, Of
Silver Hill. Md.
Failed to See Car
State Police said Mr.. st. Clair
apparently fell asleep and failed
to spot the stopped car.
A 32-year-old woman, injured
yesterday in a head-on collision
IN the District, was reported In
good condition today in Casualty
Hospital.
Mrs. william B. Wright. of 3l7
Crittenden street NV, suffered
injuries to the head, arms and
left Leg, when the car driven by
her husband, collided with an
auto driven by Joseph B. Perry,
33,: colored, of 1713 North Capitol
street at Seventeenth and East
Capitol streets.
Mr.. Perry, who was driving
south on Seventeenth street. was
charged with driving on the
wrong side Of the road, police re-
ported.
Policeman Hurt
A District policeman was
treated for a back injury In an
other accident yesterday when
his car was struck from the rear
ut q stop light, police reported.
Detective Sergt. Herbert C..
Young, 43. of 6413 Elliott place.
Hyattsville. Of the robbery
squad, was treated at the police
clinic. Police said Sergt. Young
was stopped for a red light at
Third and D streets NV. when
MS car was struck by a car
driven by Purvis C. Morse, 80,
colored, Of 1888 Stevens road
Sc. Morse was charged with
failure to give full time and at
tention to driving.
The Virginia traffic toll included
James w. Fisher. 10, Of waynes-
boro. and Early Byrd Berry. a.
OF Eheart, Orange County.
MIR. Fisher died yesterday
when his car struck q power pole
In Waynesboro.
Evening star., 1955-07-04
Unusual Features HighIight Roces
For Virqinio Senate in July II Vote

Arlington State. Senator Charles
R. Fenwick two years ago. the
four southernmost counties In
the district will cast between al
500 and 5000 ballots, -
Oh Tie otiiet .hand III thl
exciting Eisenhower stevenson
contest Of 1852. the best Prince
William could do was to turn out
3.272 voters-and that was in q
general election when both pem-
ocrats and Republicans voted.
Adding population gains in
Prince William since 1852 makes
it appear to some that the de-
Gliding county in the fight may
be Stafford, which lies between
Prince William and the North
ern Neck.
Stafford Delegate Frank p.
Moncure, who is supporting Mr..
Galleher, predicts his county will
vote about 600 or 700, mostly for
his candidate. But Common
wealth's Attorney, r.. H. L. Chi
chester, supporting Mr.. Newton,
estimates the turnout at 1900
with Mr.. Newton getting a COM
Portable majority,
Its First Senate Race
This year marks the first time
a Senate race has been held in
the district, created by the 1859
Legislature. Prince William was
removed from the district OF
Senator John A. K. Donovan OF
Fairfax, and Stafford was taken
from the area Of Senator. Benja-
min T. Pitts of Fredericksburg.
Some say this rejuggling is
why aging Senator Robert o.
Norris. jr, Of Lancaster County,
decided not to run again. He is
dean Of the Senate and has been
q member Of the General AS
sembly since 1912. ~.
At "a, 1t might be too stren-
uous for him to campaign all
the way from the Bull run
Mountains to the fish pound
nets Of lower Chesapeake Bay,
some believe.
Nevertheless, the venerable
Senator figures prominently in
some of the background to
today's campaign.
Seasoned political observers
along the sprawling district
place the background Of today's
developments in 1850. That was
when Schuyler Otis Bland, mem-
ber Of Congress from the First
District, died.
Selection Of Mr.. Bland's sue
cessor provided the object lesson
In the present fight. Mr.. Newton
and William A. Wright, former
conservation commissioner from
Tappahannock, filed for Repre-
sentative BANDS seat. Both; were
from the Northern Neck.
But down in .Tidewater, a
third candidate, Edward j.
Robson. jr. Of Newport News,
also filed-and won. In that spe-
cial election. Mr.. Robeson got
almost 1000 votes, but Mr..
Wright and Mr.. Newton polled,
together, q total Of about 49,
300.
A Win by Default
Because of the bitterness gen.
Grated. 1t is said that Mr.. Newton
and Mr.. Wright each blamed the
other for his defeat and prom
Ised to enter the regular election
later the same year If the other
did. Neither did and Mrs. Ro-
beson practically got it by de-
fault. He has held the seat ever
since.
Go Nnt.thayv, Eynctr v,n1ttinon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
David Lawrence

There needn't be the slight
est political damage to the
Democratic Party as a conse-
quence Of publication Of the
"Yalta" papers - unless, OF
course, some Of the Democratic
spokesman play stupid politics.
And there are some signs all
ready that they are fumbling
the ball.
Instead Of crying out that
there will be international re-
percussions" and that our
allies are offended by the pub
LEGATION of the documents, the
Democrats should be denounc-
ing secret diplomacy" and
pledging their party never to
engage in 1t again If entrusted
to power.
The Democrats, moreover,
should be pointing out that
the late President Roosevelt
did not In 1945 have any evil
dence of faithlessness on the
part Of the Soviet Union as a
wartime ally and that he really
was at the time angling for
Russian participation in the
war against Japan.
The thesis is understandable
though not forgivable. In view
of what has happened, parti-
cularly since the outbreak Of
the Communist aggression in
Korea in 1850, there is no log
ical basis now for defending
the Yalta agreements on any
ground. Least of all should the
Democratic Party-the party
that processes a belief in liber-
alism-be placing itself in the
position Of worrying about
what any European Govern
ment, stepped in the traditions
of secret diplomacy and the
deals of imperialism, may be
saying In criticism Of the full
publicity of International
agreements.
There is no objection to the
confidential process Of diplo-
matte negotiation, which is far
better than the Town Hall"
type Of international confer
ences, but it Is essential that
all the facts be made public
once any agreements have been
reached so that the Congress
and the parliaments can de-
eide whether they shall be
ratified.
It was the tendency Of both
Mr.. Roosevelt-and later Presi-
dent Truman-to make execu-
tive agreements binding the
Nation and affording Congress
no opportunity to invalidate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Constantine Brown
Churchill to Reply on YoIto
Answer Expected Before British Election Campaign
Nav Also Detail Story of Teheron Conference

the Republican Policy Commit
tee Styles Bridges to urge them
not to press him about public
release of the documents. He
was f1abbergasted when he
learned from these men that
the papers were already in the
possession of the newspapers
and would be printed in full
the next morning. Confronted
with this situation he had no
alternative but to make them
available to the American pub
lie and informed the British
prime minister to that effect.
The publication of the Dip
lomatic documents will not
help the Republicans to make
political capital out of the
mistakes the past Democratic
leadership made 10 years ago.
Had they been released last
October. when the Republican
high command urged the State
Department to do so, the
makeup of Congress might be
different. But 1t is unlikely
that the Yalta story will be Of
any substantial use in the 1855
electoral campaign.
At the same time, however,
Sir Winston, who is expected
to call for a general election
sometime this summer or early
fall, was put in a hole. Thus,
he feels compelled to wipe out
the painful impression which
the American version of the
Yalta conference has created
in Britain by telling the inside
story of the predecessor
Teheran conference.
Some parts of the Teheran
story have been published in
Sir Winston's memoirs. But
the full documented account
has not been told yet.
Sir Winston discovered at
Teheran that the solidity of
the American-British under
standing had been undermined
by President Roosevelt's great
and sudden admiration for
Uncle Joe. The doctrine Of
"Divide and rule" was strongly
in the Red dictator's mind, but
Mr. Roosevelt did not seem to
realize it.
Preparations to publish the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Tidal Wave of Students Seen
In Next Is Years by Educators

faculty members for Is years
service to the university. They
are:
Miss Ruth Harriet Atwell, pro-
fessor of physical education for
women and director of women's
athletics; Carville D.. Benson,
professor of law and assistant
dean of the law school; DR.. Ed
ward A. Cafritz (not present) i,
associate in surgery; Claud Max
harrington. assistant to the
president Of the university; Miss
Frances Kirkpatrick, professor
of home economies; Miss Helen
B. Lawrence, professor Of physi-
cal education for women; Miss
Florence M. Mears. professor Of
mathmatics; Fred E. Nessel, reg
istrar and secretary of the fac
ulties; DR.. Margaret M. Nichol-
son, clinical professor of pedia-
tries, and James Henry Taylor
(not present., professor OF
mathematics.
The citations were presented
by Dean Henry Grattan Doyle
of Columbian College.
Among those attending were
Representative Hays, Democrat
of Arkansas; RepresentativeEvin
Evins, Democrat, of Tennessee;
Representative Flynt. Democrat,
of Georgia; Representative Hyde,
Republican, of Maryland, and
Representative Robson, Repub-
lican, of Kentucky.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Democrats Funb|inq the Ball
Leaders Should Point Out That Roosevelt Was Angling
For Russion Participation in Wor Aqoinst yopon

them which constitutes the
real vice of the Yalta affair.
Some form of constitutional
am n d m MT like Senator
Georges version of the Bricker
Amendment might be way Of
preventing such practices.
The Democratic Party will
not win a presidential election
for a long time to come If in
all public controversies it
ranges itself on the side Of
secrecy and suppression or
shows an inclination to be
soft on the Communist
issue itself. The convention
last week of the Americans
for Democratic Action which
is perhaps the most powerful
influence inside the Dem
ocratic Party councils today
showed an almost even division
between those who are really
aware that a Communist con-
spiracy exists in the United
States and those who insist on
prating about free speech" as
the real issue. The latter for
get that the greatest liberal
Of our times, the late Justice
Oliver Wendell Holmes, de-
clared in a Supreme Court
opinion that freedom of speech
has to be qualified where the
national safety is at stake.
He said that nobody has a
right Ito cry fire in a crowded
theater."
The Democrats can wipe the
anti-Communist issue off the
slate of present-day politics by
taking a vigorous attitude
toward exposure of the Com
munist conspiracy in all It's
ramiflcations - in American
schools, labor unions, radio,
television, the press, and the
churches.
Only a few months ago the
argument was being made that
everybody was for these Job
jeetives" and that there was
only a difference of opinion on
methods" of ferreting out the
wrongdoers. But it is becoming
increasingly clear since the
Democrats took over in both
houses of Congress that with
a few exceptions in their ranks,
like Senator Eastland of Mis-
sissippi and Representative
Walter Of Pennsylvania, the
drive is on now to weaken the
whole security program by
hamstringing it with all sorts
Of restrictions. The Daily
Worker, the Communist organ,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Constantine Brown

Prime Minister Churchill Is
reported to be preparing his
answer to publication Of the
Yalta papers not only by add
ing certain matters not con-
tanned in the American YER
sion but also by giving a de-
tailed story of the Teheran
conference which set the pat
tern for Yalta.
The Churchillian reply is ex-
pected in a few months. prob
ably before the British election
campaign gets into full swing.
The indignation Of the
Briton to the ill-timed release
of the Crimean documents is
due not to their unquestion-
able veracity but to the fact
that some omissions have
placed him in poor light.
Sir Winston had ample OPP
portunity to examine the
American documents on at
least two occasions. One was
late last fall and the other a
few weeks ago when at his re-
quest the American Embassy
in London relayed to him gal
ley proofs sent from Washing
ton. He examined them care
fully over the week end at
Chequers, his country resi-
dence.
Sir Winston made his objec-
tons clear. Secretary Dulles,
mindful of the new turn of
the British cabinets policies
toward our policies in the Far
East, was eager to delay the
publication despite the pres
sure from a powerful group Of
Republican legislators. Unfor-
tunately the security Of the
State Department is like
sieve. Unknown to Secretary
Dulles and his immediate sub
ordinates, Undersecretary Of
State Herbert Hoover, jr., Dep
uty Undersecretaries Robert
Murphy and 10y Henderson,
the Yalta papers were leaked"
to at least two chiefs of Wash
ington bureaus of New York
papers.
<On Wednesday Mr.. Dulles
went to lunch with Republican
Minority Leader William
Knowland and Chairman of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Stevenson and Hartman 'Aqree'
Both Think Democrats Have Been Too Soft Eisenhower
Royburn Is Slated to Garry Direct Attack on G. O. P.

been slow to assail Mr.. Eisen-
hover.
Senator johnson is much
blamed for this outside Wash
ington and by such affiliated
groups as labor and Americans
for Democratic Action. That
he has held back many mem
bers Of his majority is ex-
tremely doubtful; Senators who
care tor dare-attack the
President are not without re-
course.
The impetus for a sharper
focus on the President per-
sonally is expected to come in
two places. One Is the annual
Jefferscn-Jackson Day dinner
here April 16 next which has
been transformed into a tribute
to Speaker Rayburn.
The Speaker is fed up with
the President and his temper
was not improved when Mr..
Eisenhower attacked 'him as
irresponsible in the tax issue
a few days after Mr.. Rayburn
saved the administration re-
ciprocal trade bill. Mr.. Ray
burn can be an effective
partisan orator but his fate at
national conventions has been
to preside. Some effective
pieces Of Rayburn partisanship
were therefore lost on the cry
ing drunk vote" since he had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Fletcher KnebeI-
Potomac Fever

Ike makes Harold Sassen chief of disarmament Repub
lcan Chairman Hall promises that the minute Sassen finishes
job of darmng the world he'll let him for President
again.
Ike against big postal increase Don't worry
letter carriers At the Postmaster General Summered
banning things from the mall pretty won't have
thing left carry.
One politician his lips tired he hardly talk
He's been up all night reading the Yalta papers.
The administration opens $12 million study how to
duck the H-bomb For Of mind all need is
shelter Geger counter two hours advanced
ng-and a belief in reincarnation.
Republicans happy about the Yalta They
think they win by running against them again. they
lose, they'll have time to read them.
stock market investigation confirms Fubrghts
worst suspicion No matter what he does he
publicity out Of it as Senator Capehart.
Churchill is reported about to retire British Prime Min
ster WnnIe got to get to work writing Dulles beat him
print with Yaa but darned if he's going to let Harry Truman
scoop him Potsdam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21

to let everyone else speak first
and only got the floor in the
small hours.
Former President Truman
will introduce the Speaker. He.
too, has rather strong feelings
on the subject of his successor
but not all Democrats want
him to let go of them.
A conference of Democratic
Governors here this spring is
the second forum from which
the change in emphasis will
be pressed. Democratic gains
in the courthouses and legis-
latures have encouraged this
group to feel that Mr.. Eisen-
hover is not immune to criti-
cisrn.
Those who argue for this
course feel that if hazard at
taches to it, that hazard
must be accepted. Otherwise
they feel the President can
not possibly be stopped next
year.
Ammunition is being gath
cred to meet the cry of smear"
which Republicans raise when
the President is personally as
sailed. What the G. o. P. has
said through the years about
Messrs. Roosevelt and Truman
is being worked up into a
handy reference volume and
there is plenty of material.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21
Dorothy Thompson
Dorothy Thon7pson-
From Atlantic Charter to Yo|to
World War Began With Enunciotion Of Lofty Principles;
Il Ended With Motors Cuttind llp RodN of Gernaunu

Great twentieth century
wars require the mass mobili-
cation of the whole people, their
conscripted youth, their labor,
their national wealth, and con-
trolls over their whole lives.
To accomplish this it is
necessary to appeal to the dual
emotions of idealism and
hatred.
Wars, therefore, begin with
the enunciation Of lofty prin-
ciples, with appeals to 1.-The.
conscience Of mankind"
But, as they progress, the
concrete idealistic aims become
transformed into vague Uto-
plan detectives such as uni
versally to establish "the four
freedoms" Behind such slo-
gans emerges the sole aim,
which is to destroy the enemy,
and, in the name of peace,
enchain and enslave him for
ever.
The enemy becomes the alb
stract symbol Of all evil. With
victory imminent, national
leaders, and the masses behind
them. cease to think Of the
enemy" as q living commu-
nifty which has, in the past,
made great contributions to
human civilization; with whom
one has lived in long periods
Of fruitful peace, and with
whom one must live again; a
community which represents
generations yet unborn, and
for whom, If it is ever to re-
join the larger human COM
munity, equal conditions of
justice and opportunity must
be created. Hatred revamps
history into a mythology, en-
braces fear and its justifica-
ton, suborns truth and oblit-
crates reason.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-03-21

World War II began with
the enunciation of the Atlantic
Charter, two months after the
fall of France, when Britain,
with the backing of the United
States, decided to continue
the war against Germany. But
the consequent spiritual de-
velopment of leaders and peo-
pie alike eliminated at Yalta,
the record of which has now
been published.
The Atlantic Charter prom
Used no territorial aggrandize-
ments, the enjoyment by all
states :. victor or vanquished,
Of access on equal terms, to
the trade and raw materials
needed for their economic pros
perity," and the disarmament
Of all nations that threaten
or may threaten aggression
outside their frontierS-which
means of all nations.
So began the crusade. But
at Yalta three men, with the
power to commit their great
nations to anything, divided
up the world as though mil
lions of people were so many
peanuts, and as though with
the distribution of such living,
continuing organisms all his
tory would stop.
1t is not true that the pub
lication of these documents
reveals nothing new. We have
known what decisions were
taken, but not by what proc
esses of thought they were
taken, or what principles Of
law, or standards of morality
were invoked. Now we know.
There were none.
All principals agreed to cut
up the body of Germany.
Messrs. Churchill and Eden did
suggest that the question
might properly be left to Q