davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-05-20
DOROTHY THOMPSON
In War, There Can Be Only Death

in any contemporary society,
provided only that there is a
long period of freedom from
war.
In this period power must
became divorced from force.
Power over the minds and
souls of men has always been
the ultimate power, a fact
hitherto recognized only by
those philosophical and relig-
ious geniuses who have tapped
by unique insight the true in
tellectual and spiritual sources
of real power.
In warless world, power
will emanate magnetically only
from those states and societies
that men least fear: Those
that awaken the emotions of
love, attract confidence, mani
fest protectiveness. and show
willingness to make renuncia-
tions in the present for the
sake of the future life of man
kind.
There is no future life or
power in war. There is only
death. Power lies with those
who sense the future.
Evening star., 1955-05-20

The State Department and
our diplomats in the countries
behind the Iron Curtain have
the difficult task of trying to
guess what is actually in the
minds of the Soviet leaders
who are waging their most
vigorous campaign for peace
and coeXistence."
A careful survey OF the So
called Soviet concessions to
the West does not disclose
any of the deeds" President
Eisenhower has considered in
the past as essential for a
meeting of the Big Four heads
of state.
Secretary Dulles, in his tele-
vision report to the President
and the Nation. emphasized
the Austrian treaty as a def
mite gesture of good will by
the Russians, But did they give
up anything more than the
military occupation of Austria
which they had mulcted thor
oughly over a period of 10
years?
Talking to Congress men,
bers in executive session, Mr..
Dulles admitted that the Red
concessions were mostly the
oretical. The most important
feature was the withdrawal of
their troops from eastern Aus
tria. Mr.. Dulles agreed under
questioning that the approx
mately $4,000 men may be
transferred less than 100 miles
from Austria to satellite ter
ritory.
Even Austria's sovereignty
appears limited, since the re-
public is not permitted by the
treaty to change its form of
government and become
monarchy in the unlikely event
that the people felt they would
like the Hapsburg dynasty
back.
While the American. Brit
ish and French occupation
was benevolent. and did not
live on the land. the Russians
squeezed everything they
could out of eastern Austria.
Not only was the Vienna gov
ernment compelled to provide
for all their needs, but the
Russians took over important
industrial properties such as
oil fields. factories and the
small merchant fleet on the
Danube under the guise OF
taking away certain Nazi as
sets. They got all that was to
be gotten out of the proper
ties to the tune of some $500
million a year. The oil wells
have been exploited in such a
Evening star., 1955-05-20
Administration and Pentogon Experts
To Be Questioned in Senate Probe

fensive air force. That concept
Mr.. Talbot buried deeply and
finally.
In Detroit, Brig. Gen. Wood
bury M. Burgess, deputy chief
of staff for intelligence of the
Continental Air Defense Com
mand, really laid it on the
line. He said that the Rus
sian air force is currently at
least as good as ours.
Yet Secretary Talbot and
Gen. Twining are telling re-
porters that they are surprised
at current fear about Russian
air power. This is apparently
the line handed President Eli
senhower also. At his press
conference, the President said
he had no anxiety that the
Soviet Union had seized or
would seize command of the
air from this country.
The President admitted that
the Russians had often outrun
the expectations of the experts
here. There have been enough
published reports of Soviet
progress to prove this more
than amply.
The Senators will conduct
their hearings in private. They
are doing this not only for
security reasons but because
they think they can get more
candid testimony from Air
Force officers if those officers
Evening star., 1955-05-20
Germony's Question of the Hour

sibility. You had a number OF
influences working together at
the same time. The unwise
policies of the allies, who did
not know how to turn their
victory in World War I into
reconciliation. was a cir
cumstance that built up a
fanatical nationalism in Ger
many and gave the demagogueS
their chance. Then. coinciden-
tally, we had selfish indus
trialists who helped to over
throw the Weimar Republic
because they thought they
could handle Hitler as their
tool, though afterwards many
Of them were killed by him.
Finally, we had an unemploy-
ment situation that was ca
tastrophic. Everything COM
bined to let Hitler get into
office, and then you know what
happened.
Frankly, as I face the future
in building up a defense force,
I am more afraid of the dan
gers of militarism that arise
from civilians with militaristic
minds than am from gener-
ais"
Minister Strauss told me, in
cidentally, that Germany now
has a surplus of generals and
that 1,400 who served in World
War II still remain. though
many are oVer-age. He said 40
of the best have been picked
for service and the rest have
been pensioned.
What is Russia afraid OFF"
Mr.. Strauss asked, in parting.
"A rearmed Germany? Or re-
armed West led by the United
States? Russia has nothing to
fear from Germany alone. as
we will not be in a position
again to fight alone on two
fronts. So her fear must be of
the United States, and that
is a baseless fear as we all
know"
1t was an interview that left
an indelible impression of the
sincerity so typical of the
young men around Mr.. Ade-
nauer who will lead the coali-
ton when he retires from
Office.
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Evening star., 1955-05-20
McKeIdin Leaves
For Germany

ANNAPOLIS, May 20 (P.-
Gov. McKeldin. who visited
Israel in 1852, will leave today
for his second trip overseas. this
time to Germany.
The Governor, DR.. Wilson H.
Elkins, president of the Univer-
sity of Maryland, and Col.
Joseph r. Ambrose. professor
of air science and dean of the
university's College of Military
Science, are making the trip
as guests of the Air Force.
They will take part May 81 in
graduation exercises at Heidel-
berg University for about so
servicemen enrolled in the Uni
versity of Maryland's overseas
program.
Gov. McKeldin will return
May % in time for Western
Maryland Colleges commence
ment May 80. DR.. Elkins and
Col. Ambrose will return May 90.
Evening star., 1955-05-20
Does Russia Lead u. S. in Air?

are protected from public con-
troversy.
It is known that a school of
thought in the Pentagon agrees
with Senator Symington that
the new revelations Of Soviet
strength prove that a drastic
alteration in the relative United
States-Red air power might
has taken place. They think it
should be recognized and fresh
plans made to forge ahead
once more.
A reluctance on the part of
the administration to embark
on new and expensive military
. courses is understandable.
We are currently in the midst
of a peace offensive. A new
United States military program
could be turned to propaganda
advantage by the Russians,
possibly even used as an excuse
to shatter the worlds hopes for
a release of tension.
The administration Is virtu-
ally committed to another tax
cut and an old college try for
a balanced budget as the next
presidential election nears. De-
fense costs are already high
and any major increases would
ruin both those aims.
Senator Synington has a
pungent answer for those who
cite budgetary considerations,
taxes or any other reason for
proceeding slowly. It is: "If
I am wrong, we will have lost
some money. If the President
is wrong, we will have lost our
country"
Evening star., 1955-05-20
CONSTANTINE BROWN
Austrian Treaty Is Hardly on Example
OF Goodwill Gesture by Russians

manner that they are now
practically dry and the Aus
trian oil industry will have to
obtain American capital for
new drillings.
After sucking the country
dry, Moscow was willing to
make a magnanimous gesture
of signing a treaty giving Aus
tria independence. but for a
price: 10 million more tons of
oil: $3.50 million in cash or
goods for the return of the
so-called former Nazi proper
ties and So million for return
of the now decrepit river
barges and steamers.
During the same 10-year
occupation period. America
actually put into Austria close
to 81 billion and now may be
expected to provide for the
payment of the concealed
reparations to Moscow which
Austria was forced to agree to
pay.
Only by looking at the new
treaty with the rosiest glasses
is it possible to see any change
of heart and indication of good
will on the part of the Krem-
lin.
OF course the Russians do
not need these reparations
either in kind or cash. Their
objective, according to diplo-
mats who look at the situa-
ton realistically, is to weaken
sovereign Austria" economi-
cally to such an extent that
she will be easy prey for COM
munism.
The Russians are hipped on
creating a neutral belt in Eu-
rope to include such Nordic
members of NATO as Norway,
Denmark and Holland in addi-
ton to the already nonparti-
san Sweden. OF course, they
will insist at the forthcoming
Evening star., 1955-05-20
No Change in KremIin Attitudes

meeting on placing Germany
in the same group as q price
for German unity.
Despite the officially opti-
mistic statements that the
Bonn government will never
accept this solution for unity,
unofficial reports are warning
the administration that neu-
trality sentiment is growing in
Western Germany. 1t Is very
strong in the Scandinavian
and Nordic kingdoms.
President Eisenhower is said
to have a plan whereby he
would counter the Soviet prop
osition by suggesting that the
USSR withdraw all its forces
from Poland, East Germany.
ania. Hungary and
Czechoslovakia. Moreover, he
would insist that new elections
be held in all those countries
free from the pressure of So
Wet and native armies and
that the parliaments thus
elected decide the future form
of government.
An unlikely Soviet accept
ance of this proposition would
involve a gradual withdrawal
of our own forces from Europe
"a move which might be
greeted with Joy by the grow
ing neutralist sentiment all
over Western Europe. It
might mean our retiring into
our own shetland this would
be greeted with joy by the
handful of remaining iSola-
tioniSts.
It is conceivable that such q
plan might be acceptable to
the Russians. since our with
drawal would entail going
back thousands of miles across
the Atlantic, while the Reds
would have to move only few
hundred miles behind the Elbe
River. The plan would have
the advantage of pleasing
most of our allies in Europe
where we seem to have over
stayed our welcome.
Evening star., 1955-05-20
DAVID LAWRENCE

BONN, May 20.-How can a
return to militarism be pre-
vented in Germany and how
can an effective army be built
without running the risk of
bringing back the influences
that led to World War II?
This is the question of the
hour throughout Germany. 1t
Is debated widely, for the Ger
man people have just been en-
trusted by their allies in Europe
with a task they did not want
namely, the rebuilding Of a
national army.
To get an understanding of
how the German people look at
it. this correspondent had a
long talk yesterday with Franz
Josef Strauss, minister without
portfolio in the Adenauer cabi-
net who has been given the
assignment of planning the
structure of the military force
in such a way as to avoid the
pitfalls of militarism. Mr..
Strauss is one of the younger
members of the cabinet, a pro-
gressive. forward-looking man
who will be heard from some
day in the councils of states
men in Europe.
To begin with, the minister
impressed upon me that for
several years now there has
been a campaign of education,
conducted by American Off
cials, against militaristic tend
encies and this has taken
hold. That is why the people
didn't want an army. But 1t is
recognized, on the other hand,
that Soviet Russia is the COM
mon enemy and that Germany
is in an exposed position.
lone thing is sure" he said,
Germany will never be a mill
tary power on her own again.
Theoretically she will belong
either to the defense system of
the West or to the East, and
we are convinced it must be
with the West. Our future lies
more and more in the direction
of a united states of Europe,
Evening star., 1955-05-20
Power Must Become Divorced From
Force if We Are Ever to Find Peace

against each other in positions
Of armed strength and in hos
tile deadlock. the deadlock can
be broken only by war, or by
mutual retreat under the saw
ing force of a new idea.
The idea that they should
separate themselves by an air
cushion of independent, neu-
trail states. recognized and pro-
tected by both, is the only way
that tensions can be relaxed
and new life forces given an
opportunity to develop.
3. The very perfection of
modern chronological war as
an instrument of universal de-
struction renders it useless as
an instrument for anything
else.
I This, however, confronts
world leadership with the most
radical-revolutionary fact of
all history.
For. as long as we have a
record of human societies. war
has entered into all their cal
culations including all their
plans for enforcing" peace.
War has been the last ex-
preston of political policies,
whether for justice or injus-
tice, conquest or defense. 1t
has been invoked by oppres-
sors and waged for liberty. 1t
has been the weapon of the
lawleSs and the shield against
them.
Life in a warless world
therefore presents problems
cosmic in their significance
and stretching far beyond such
matters as economic produc-
ton and distribution, the
forms and institutions of
states, and even Institutional
lied religious credos.
It demands new concepts
and expressions of courage, a
transmutation Of the soldierly
virtues, and a higher, more
vigorous ethos. rooted in Gre
ative and self -abnegating al
truism. It involves nothing less
than the creation of a new
type of man.
This development, decreed
by history as the price of hu-
man survival, can occur with
Evening star., 1955-05-20
DORIS FLEESON

The Senate Armed Services
Committee will begin promptly
its investigation of the charges
of Senator Symington of Mis-
souri, that the United States
may have lost control Of the
air to the Soviet Union. Sena-
tor Symington was the first
Secretary of the Air Force.
It is already apparent that
the committees first job will
be to discover when admins
tration spokesmen are telling
the truth.
Air Force Secretary Talbot
this week addressed private
meetings of the aircraft indus
try. He elaborated upon the
terse Pentagon announcement
that flights of jet-powered
hydrogen bombers had been
seen in the Moscow May Day
parade.
Thirteen flights of five new
types of Soviet aircraft were
seen, he said, and they were
equivalent to the best produced
here. He emphasized that such
numbers proved that the Reds
were producing the planes in
quantity and had the air wings
which could operate them Of
fensively.
Secretary of Defense Wilson
said last year that the Soviets
were building primarily a de-
Evening star., 1955-05-20
BY the Associated Press

Representative Mills. Demo-
crat, of Arkansas said today he
has found a new and "highly
dangerous loophole" in last
years tax revision act.
Mr.. Mills said it would cost
the Government more than a
billion dollars a year in revenue
in the future and would give
corporations many billions OF
dollars Of tax-free profits from
specializing in their own stocks.
Mr.. Mills said Treasury Secre-
tary Humphrey only recently
reviewed and approved this re-
vision, and he added in an inter-
view:
"The only conclusion I can
reach is that this section was
deliberately proposed to provide
windfall for corporations. In
all probability, the bigger the
corporations are. the more they
will make"
There was no immediate COM
ment from the Treasury.
Was Foe of Act
Mr.. Mills was leading foe OF
the 1854 act rewriting almost
all tax laws. proposed by the
Eisenhower administration and
backed by most Republicans in
Congress. He is a veteran mem
Der of the Ways and Means
Committee.
The section to which he re-
ferred provides that for income
tax purposes mo gain or loss
shall be recognized to corpo-
ration on the receipt of money
| or other property in exchange
for stock (including treasury
stock) of such corporation.
The term treasury STOCK
means the corporations's own
stock, held in its treasury.
Mr.. Mills said it is a common
practice among the Nation
45OL 10 corporations to BUY
some f their own stock on the
Evening star., 1955-05-20

During the cold war this
column has held a few central
theses:
/. theological crusa des,
waged by whatever means,
never have resulted and never
can result in clear-cut vic
tories.
This is because there is no
such thing as a fixed and
permanent socio-political pat
tern. All theological theories
are compelled to adjust them
selves to the problems of gov
erning once they become in
corporated in a state. A So
cial order, to survive, must
not only adequately meet hu-
man physical needs but must
temper itself to conscious and
unconscious psychical forces
growing out of history, tradi-
tion, cultural inheritances, the
intuition Of the soul, and the
law of life itself, which is
change.
A universal Communist So
cial order on the present Rus
sian pattern is no more pos
sible to establish and main
tain than a universal demo-
cratic order on the American
pattern. And neither meets
the requirements of the COM
ing age.
The cold war assumes that
there are two hostile social
ideologies, orders and systems.
fixed forever in a frozen pat
tern and that one must give
way if the other is to sur
vive. This denies the law of
llfe-that societies are at all
times in condition of evolu-
tion. A society that is not
changing is dead. A society
that is not changing for the
better, morally as welr as
materially. is dying.
2. Tolerable and peaceful
relations between states can
only be established in recogni-
tion Of the above law and on
a basis of mutual interest and
benefit. That interest and
benefit is to escape war and
escape deathly defeat without
war.
Where two sides are aligned
Evening star., 1955-05-20
How Can She Have an Effective Army,
Yet Not Return to Old MiIitorism?

not necessarily in the sense Of
a superState but certainly in a
formal f deration n of some
kind"
We talked then about the
nature of the debate concern
ing the building of the new de-
fense force in Germany and
of the extreme views of some
here who would democrstize
the army. for example. to the
point of where the officers
would be on a parity with the
privates and discipline would
be impossible. q. He argues that
the American Army is not COM
posed of soft men but that the
discipline is pretty fine, and he
believes that it is possible to
preserve the principles of
democracy and still build a
fighting army.
AS for the kind of command
setup that would be best, Mr.
Strauss is strongly in favor of
a separate army, air force and
navy. with a commander for
each and top man to CO.
ordinate them under civilian
control. somewhat as in the
American system of a Joint
Chiefs of Staff There are
others in the Adenauer cabinet
who lean toward the concept
of an overall boss of all the
armed services. 1t is an issue
as yet unresolved.
Our talk then turned to-
ward a question that has often
been in my mind and which I
asked Mr.. Strauss: How did it
happen that a nation with as
fine a culture as Germany has
had, a Germany that produced
great poets and writers like
Schiller and Goethe and Heine.
a people that gave the world
some of its greatest scientists
and medical men and a nation
whom Luther led in religious
crusade could have succumbed
to Hitlerism?"
"It is not a simple question
to answer" was the reply, nor
is it easy to fix all the respon-
Evening star., 1955-05-20
Lehman to Speak

BALTIMORE, May 20 (P).-
Senator Lehman. Democrat, of
New York will be the principal
speaker next Tuesday evening
at a meeting of the Maryland
Department of Jewish War Vet
Grams.
Evening star., 1955-05-20
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

pay for letter carriers and other postal
White House requests you send your
tons by some doubt letters will be
delivered there
Senate committee deepfreezes and payofs in military
There's doubt Republicans cleaned up the
mess in Washngton-but who cleaned the cleaners?
House committee refuses $4,000 allowance for Com
Secretary entertain businessmen The idea OF
spending taxpayers to freeoad bunch OF guys
who nver met roll call!
Israel stages border Egypt People getting
more broad learning how to hold over
something besides communism
7
This years rouge and lpstck" for have
they're planning redwhite and- blue
political canddaeand midnight blue for taxpayers
Republican Congressman Mason promises $5-bllon tax
cut year. will done by balancing the budgetequal
amounts Of red both sides of the ledger
Milford chronicle., 1955-04-15
Lynn Taylor At
Economy Auto Supply

Continued from page u
the aforementioned company was
because he has always been deepIv
interested in the Freezer Food
Plan, and has made an exhaustive
study of the operation, but did not
believe any were what he cOnsid-
ered feasible for satisfactory seller
buyer operation until the Economy
PnlIco Freezer Food Plan present.
cd itself. This plan Mr.. Taylor
stated incorporated just what he
was looking for in a Freezer Food
Plan-namely, a Acknowledgement
freezer backed by an outstanding
local organization such as Economy.
plus a local source of food for
freezing, such as is offered bv two
local purveyors of Nationally-ad-
Vertlsed frozen food and choice
meats.
Mr. Taylor originally came to
Milford as manager Of the local
branch of Blue Cross, and came to
the Warren Furniture COMPANY
from that organization.
He has displayed a most active
interest in all local sports. and af
one time directed the local Ponv
League entry.
He is active in all phases of fbo
church life at First Presbvtarisn
being especially interested
y financing the new addition to tbe
church. " 's
Milford chronicle., 1955-04-15
Ella Stevenson
Dies Suddenly

Mrs. Ella Case Stevenson 6S
member of an old Kent County fam
lily and active in lodge circles, died
suddenly Wednesday, April 13. at
the home Of her brother-in-law and
sister, Mr.. and Mrs. Howard r
Moore, in Lynch Heights.
She apparently was in health
when Mr.. Moore left to buy a news
paper at a nearby store and when
ne returned he found her dead in a
chair in the living room. Death was
attributed to a heart attack. Mrs.
stevenson had come to the Moore
nome to spend the day and care for
her sister, who is paralyzed.
She was a member of Margaret
Z. Pyle Lodge Of Rebekahs: Iona
Council, Daughters of POcahOntas
and Houston Methodist Church. She
was born and raised in the Laws
section near Milford.
Surviving are her husband. Wal
ter G. Stevenson, of near Milford.
ner sister, Mrs. Moore: a brother.
Charles Case Of Milford, and sever
ll nieces and nephews.
Services will be held Saturday
afternoon at 2 o'clock in the Berry
funeral Home here The Rev. F.
Charles LOuhoff, pastor Of Houston
Church, will officiate and inter-
nent will be in Barratt's Chapel
Cemetery
Friends may call at the Berry
funeral Home this evening. Fri
lay. April 18th, after z O'CLOCK