davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-07-20


lican of Virginia, as a substitute
for more drastic seizure legis-
lation, the plan calls for a court
Injunction to halt the strike, an
180-day fact-finding period and
a fare increase to cover the cost
Of a 10-cent hourly wage in
crease.
Chairman Mcmillan of the
House District Committee, who
generally favors" the bill, said
he will call a meeting of the
committee either Friday or Mon
day to consider it and all other
legislation bearing on the strike
Other Developments
Other developments in the
protracted dispute:
/. Capital Transit fired a letter
to the Commissioners charging
them with deliberately misrep-
resenting the facts in a state
ment sent to Congress to sup
port their bill for seizing the
company and canceling its fran
chiSe.
2. Senator Butler, Republican
OF Maryland, said he would fight
the District Commissioners bill
to seize the company and canceI
because the District Government
has told him it could not pro-
vide service to nearby Maryland
8. The Board of Trade ex-
pected to name a three member
fact-finding committee today fol
the purpose of determining
Capital Transit's ability to meet
the AFL Transit Unions wage
and pension demands.
4. Latest mediation efforts
brought a mo progress" report
yesterday but Federal mediators
arranged another meeting for l.
am. tomorrow.
Seizure "Repugnant"
The new Broyhill bill, sixth
piece of legislation introduced
during the strike, was called by
its sponsor the answer to those
members of Congreee who found
'repugnant the bill asking for
seizure and revocation of the
company's lines"
Mr.. Broyhill said the bill was
meant to embrace the injunctivt
and fact-finding qualities of ths
Taft-Hartley and Railway Labor
Acts. Taft-Hartley provides fol
an 80-day cooling off period II
national emergencies. Mr.. Broy.
hill said the longer 18O-day pc.
riod was suggested in the new
legislation as assurance against
the District being without trans.
portation at Christmas time.
The bill authorizes the District
commissioners to seek an in.
junction in the U. S. Court for
the District of Columbia in any
Capital Transit strike or lock-
out considered serious threat
to the welfare, health or safety
OF the people of the District ol
Columbia"
Such an injunction would be
subject to review by the United
States Court Of Appeals and the
Supreme Court.
A fact-finding board of any
number of members, and paid
at a rate prescribed by the Com.
missioners, then would begin
private and public hearings tc
ascertain the facts with respect
Continued on Page AS, Col. E.:
Evening star., 1955-07-20
Guide for Readers

Amusemts BIB Lost, Found A-3
Classified --c-6- "A Music ------A-37
Comics ABB 80 obituoy ABA
Cross word ABB Rodio-Tv A-36-37
Editorial - A-24 Sports ----C.l-S
Edit] Articles AIS Womon's
Financial B.20.2l Section -.B-4.l4
Hove The Stor Delivered to Your
Home Dolly and Sunday
DioI Sterling $1,000
Evening star., 1955-07-20
German Unity
PutAsidefor
Time Being
BULLETIN
BULLETIN

GENEVA (P).-The Big Four
sent back to their Foreign
Ministers today the knotty
problem of trying to iron out
East West differences over
European security and the
unification of Germany.
GENEVA, July 20 R.-The
Big -Four leaders took up the
broad question of European se-
curity today, and President Eli
senhower summoned top military
advisers to his side.
Admiral Arthur Ra dford,
chairman of the United States
Other Geneva Conference Stories.
Poees A-3 ond "A
Evening star., 1955-07-20
Congress Gets
New Proposal
To End Strike
BroyhiII Bill Asks
Injunction, Cool
Period, Fare Boost
BY HERMAN F. SCHADEN

Congress began considering
today new legislation for ending
the 20-day transit strike with
fact finding modelled after the
accepted practices of the Taft
Hartley and Railway Labor Acts.
introduced late yesterday by
Representative Broyhill, Repub-
Text Of BroyhilI Bill. Poge B-l
Evening star., 1955-07-20

Temperatures Today
Evening star., 1955-07-20
WEATHER FORECAST

Fair tonight and tomorrow. Low tonight
near 10. Full report plus resort forecast
on Page A-2)
Evening star., 1955-07-10
milk Commission
|Appointees Enjoy
Job Permunence

There's good Job security ir
being . member Of the Virgins
Milk Commission.
Members are appointed te
serve "at the pleasure of the
Governor" Their appointments
have carried over from governor
to governor as a courtesy"
Chairman is Mark w. Turner
Ia Herndon dairy farmer, = who
has been on the commission
sinces 1889. He represents the
dairy interests.
Clarence L. Fleshman, a
Lynchburg milk dealer, repre-
Isents the distributor interests.
He has been a member two years.
Virgil P. Randolph jr., Glou-
|cester attorney who has served
five years, was appointed as the
neutral" member of the COM
mission.
While the 1889 law which
created the agency says that the
third member shall "have no
interest" in either the produc-
ton or distribution Of milk, he
lis not charged with taking a
consumers viewpoint on prices,
according to Mr.. Turner.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
NEARBY FARMERS
MILK SALES HERE
HIT $40 MILLION

Milk is big business in the
Washington area.
Sales Of milk by the Mary
land and Virginia Milk Pro-
ducers Association, which
relays 80 per cent Of the
milk sold here from farm to
dairy. total $40 million q
year.
That puts 1t among the
first 10 Of Washington's
commercial enterprises.
In 1884. the association
had 1,131 members. Average
daily production Of milk was
$1,000 gallons. The average
herd comprised 26 cows. The
farmers got a little over 5
cents a quart.
Last year the association
had 1850 members. Produc-
tion hit 198.000 gallons daily.
The average herd was 80
cows. The average price was
close to IL cents a quart.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Retail Milk Price-Fixino
Fought in Many States

1T has no objection to regulation
of farm prices.
But" says an official, I'VE
cut costs by processing milk at
our own plants and selling 1t
only at our own stores. So we
figure we could sell milk below
the prices fixed by the State and
still make q profit"
| Trend to Regulation
The farmers affection for a
simple system Of guaranteeing
himself q fair price for milk is
shown in the increasing trend
toward Federal regulation.
Farmers may get under a Fed
eral marketing setup by petit
tioning the Secretary of Agri-
culture. Federal marketing or
ders are designed only to Ak
minimum producer prices.
They're set only after producers
approve by q two-thirds vote
the details Of the order an
nounced by the Secretary.
Federal orders numbered six
in 1886. hit 27 in 1945 and now
total 81. Producers from nine
more areas. including Northern
Virginia, are asking Secretary
Benson to establish Federal
orders.
In the Washington area, the
producer price-the price paid to
farmers-remains at a single
price, varying only from month
to month.
For May, the last month for
which milk checks have been
computed, the farmer was paid
$4.21 per hundred pounds for
his milk. This was the lowest
May price in is years. It means
the farmer got about 8.5 cents q
quart.
Since the price competition
began, about one out of three
consumers in Washington shift
ed from so-called brand" varie-
ties to the minimum standard
milk.
In substance. the orders spec
ify the lowest price q milk
professor must pay a farmer.
The prices are adaptable to
changing market conditions as
they take into consideration feed
and labor costs. cost-of-living
indexes and supply and demand.
Beyond the basic farm price,
there's plenty of room for free
play unless the State
steps in at the distributor or
retail level. Critics of retail
price-setting maintain that II
protects the inefficient distrib-
utor.
Whatever the clamor from
consumers and retailers, the
farmers, the evidence shows, will
embrace a plan that is aimed at
stabilizing the market ara
wiping out extreme variations
n prices.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Prices Of Milk
Spread in D. {.

Retail milk prices present ,
varied picture in the Washingto,
Area.
Once fairly uniform, the price
now range anywhere from 1872
cents to as high as 20 cents .
quart.
In Virginia. where the Stat,
Milk Commission regulates prices
the minimum pfice has been 2:
cents q quart in stores. and q
cents for home delivery milk
"Vitamin D-added milk costs 9
penny more. These prices gen
orally prevail.
But in Maryland and in tn,
District. which lack controls ovel
retail prices. the pattern is con.
fusing. It depends on the grade
you buy, where you buy it ane
how much you buy.
At the retail level in the Dis
trict and Maryland, milk is be-
ing offered in paper cartons fol-
as low as four quarts for Is
cents.
Highs Dairy, whose introduc-
tion OF gallon jugs two months
ago set off Nthe price spin, retails
milk for IA cents a gallon.
The brand types, which con-
tain higher butterfat percent
ages, sell at % or % cents a
quart in chain stores, and as
high as % cents in a few inde-
pendent stores. In vending ma
chimes the price is Is cents.
One chain store is retailing
a brand-name milk in half-gal-
Ion paper containers for AZ cents.
In the home-delivery field,
prices are fairly uniform. Brand
name milk, the only type de-
livered, sells for a. cents. Vita
min D-added" milk sells for a
penny more.
If you buy an average Of four
quarts a delivery for a months
time, the price drops a penny.
Six-quart deliveries cut the price
1l2 cents; eight quarts, 2 cents,
and more than eight quarts, 21a
cents.
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Derrick in Last Struggle
For Area Dairy Formers

every member dissatisfied with
his milk check. No farmer
knows. when the milk leaves his
cooling vat, how much is going
to be sold as Glass I (duid milk
Glass II (cream), or Glass III
(ice cream mix and cottage
lcheese). The last two classes
bring only about half as much
las the first. They take care OF
the surpluses caused by the
variations of production and de-
mand.
Some Of the early co-opera-
tives became "captives" of the
distributors when they ran into
financial difficulties and were
loaned money by the big city
diaries.
But not the Maryland-Vir-
ginia. Organized in 1920, 1t
avoided capture" in the early
years. Recently, fears have been
expressed in some quarters that
the association might capture"
the distributing industry.
These were occasioned by the
associations purchase last Au-
gust of the Embassy Dairy for
$3.50, 900.
Long an Independent
Embassy. which distributes
about 10 per cent Of Washing
tons total milk supply, had long
been an independent and a
thorn in the side Of the asso-
citation.
Things are quiet and peaceful
for Mr.. Derrick compared with
the days before the war. Then
he was battling to prevent at
tempts to change the law and
allow importation Of milk from
distant areas. The attempts
were unsuccessful. He also
fought illegal "bootlegging" of
milk which was successful too
often to suit him.
James j. Ward Of Embassy
(the man who later sold Embassy
Dairy to the association for So
850.000) finally pleaded guilty to
one count Of the charges against
him in bootleg milk" case and
was fined the maximum amount,
$40.
That set off a congressional
Investigation in which someone
threatened to shoot the chairman
and counsel Of the committee.
telephone lines were tapped and
an alleged attempt to sell infiu-
ence was aired. Mr.. Derrick,
who was on one end Of the tele-
phone line, came through 1t un-
scathed.
Since 1896 he has operated
under price control regulations,
first Of the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture. then vir-
ginia Milk Commission, then
Federal again through the war.
In the late summer of 1852,
conditions were so severe
that he was forced into an un-
wonted show of power. He felt
that his members could not wait
for the Virginia Milk Commits
sion to act. He raised the prices
and asked the commission to
confirm them. The commits
sion did.
He has now applied to put the
area under the Department of
Agriculture order again. He ex-
poets that to be done in De-
cember,
Evening star., 1955-07-10

structure in accord with the
State Supreme Court ruling.
At Alexandria, the Maryland
and Virginia Milk Producers AS
sociation will take no stand on
the issue Of retail prices. accord
ing to w. B. Hooper. who will
act as the association spokess
man.
"The commission has done q
magnificent job In maintaining
market stabilization," he said,
warning that a pull-out Of con-
troll on farm prices will create
Ia pretty chaotic situation" The
association will support farm
price controls.
Safeway Stores spokesmen will
play a prominent role at the
hearings. The chain, in full
page advertisements in Washing
ton and Virginia newspapers last
week, recounted incidents in its
'15-year fight with the commits
sion to lower store prices on
milk.
Penny Premium Removed
In May. 1910. the first price
differential between store sold
and home-delivered milk was
granted by the commission at
Sideways request. A court fight
by Safeway resulted in the re-
moval Of a penny premium the
commission originally required
for milk sold in paper cartons.
The chain has persistently
asked: "Why should milk be the
only agriculture commodity with
retail prices f1xed?"
Another vigorous opponent Of
retail price-fixing will be c. Y.
Stephens. president of Highs
Milk Stores, who promised q
"blistering" attack on the COM
missions policies.
Ten days ago Highs defied
the commission by cutting its
prices on gallon sales to IA cents,
18 cents below the established
minimums, on the grounds the
court ruling Of June Is wiped
out all price standards.
Highs started selling the GAL
Ion supplies In two half-gallon
Jugs, since Virginia law bans
sales Of milk in containers
larger than half-gallon size.
Highs is now contesting this
restriction in the courts.
With the struggle over prices
precipitated by sellers Of store
sale milk. home me-delivery dis
tributors face the Thursday
hearing with no apparent uni
form strategy.
Thompson's Honor Dairy. q
spokesman said. will seek a re-
duction in allowable prices for
quantity purchases.
Discount ON Six Quarts
Virginia permits q price cut
only when the consumer buys
at least six quarts q delivery.
In Maryland and the District,
discounts are effective on four
quart deliveries.
Other diaries indicated their
stands at the hearing will be
defined this week.
Meanwhile, q Federal grand
jury here is gathering informa-
ton on the milk industry in the
washington marketing area. It's
investigation was stirred by re-
ports Of large-scale price cuts In
sales of milk to military in
stallations. The jury has been
questioning many officials, but
there's no indication when its
will be revealed.
Evening star., 1955-07-10

The fight raging in Northern
Virginia over price controls OF
milk is typical Of growing con.
troversies in many States ovel
Federal and State controls ovel
milk marketing.
Under sharpest attack. tn.
Wall Street journal found In Z
survey, are the controls ovel
retail prices. Besides Virginia
10 other States apply such con.
trolls. These are Alabama
Georgia. Maine, Montana, New
Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Rhod,
Island, Vermont, California ant
Florida.
Retailers and consumers, abet.
ted in many places by legisla.
tors, are leading the campaigns
Minor Victories To Date
Victories to date have beer
minor.
In Florida. after failing Il
knock out price-f1xing authority
opponents Of retail price regu.
lation forced the appointment
of q legislative committee to In
vestigate the State Milk Com
mission. In California, a new
law has been passed that's de.
signed to push down the retail
price on milk. In both States
the opposition groups are brac-
ing for all-out assaults on price,
setting next year.
State price-fixing laws date
back to the depression, when
price wars sent milk checks
down to ruinous levels. Faced
by demands for a floor under
milk prices, % States at one
time tried to control milk prices
from farm to kitchen.
Local controls add to the maze
OF regulations. In st. Paul,
Mimi, milk costs Is cents a
quart. In Savannah. Ga. the
tab is % cents. Jacksonville
residents pay the same price for
milk II they buy 1t in the stores
or have 1t delivered at home.
Chicagoans can save 6 cents a
quart under home delivered
prices by buying at the markets.
Arguments Offered
Supporters Of price-rigging
say 1t insures a stable supply of
milk by helping to avoid sharp
price slumps that might force
some farmers out Of business.
Opponents say tight regula-
tions aren't needed.
At most. only farm prices
should be set. says Gordon Zim-
milk expert for the
Grange. Five States
price controls this way.
They are New York. New Jersey,
Connecticut, Massachusetts, and
North Carolina.
Safeway Stores, which has
been fighting controls in Cali
tornia as well as Virginia. says
Evening star., 1955-07-10
BY GEORGE KENNEDY

The "John L. Lewis" Of tn
milk industry here is q strappin
dx-footer who at SO is involves
IN his last big struggle In behal
OF dairy farmers Of the Wash
angton milkshed.
He's Bruce B. Derrick, secre
tary and treasurer Of the Mary
land and Virginia Milk Producer
Association. which contract
with dairies for the sale Of mos
milk sold here.
For % years he has champi
oned a better return for tn,
dairy farmers labor, utilizing O.
combating Federal and Stat,
controls as the strategy de,
manded. He's retiring at the enc
Of this year.
His friends credit him will
stabilizing the market and pro-
tecting the dairymen from ruin.
Gus rises and falls Of prices.
Opponents at times have as.
sailed him for his feats, claim.
ing they resulted in high con.
sumer prices.
Taking a Breather
Fresh from appearances be.
fore a Federal grand jury look.
ing into the milk situation ir
the Washington area, Mr.. Der.
rick has decided to take 9
breather. He's passing up the
milk price hearings before the
Virginia Milk Commission ir
Alexandria on Thursday, letting
aides carry the ball.
It'll be one Of the few milk
lights he has missed. His record
Of winning them is impressive
After World War II he was
indicted under the antitrust
laws after Federal Investigators
discovered that he was respon-
sible for bringing about the high
est milk prices paid to farmers
anywhere in the Nation-and
the lowest profit margin for dis
tributors.
Mr.. Derrick, the association
anc two distributors with which
1t had full supply contracts,
Richf1eld and Lucerne, were
found guilty and fined $100 each.
The dairies paid their fines.
Won Acquittals
But Mr.. Derrick fought his
appeal and the associations to
the Court Of Appeals, where he
won acquittals.
He was born in q 200-acre
farm near Unityville in Lycorn-
ing County, east of Williamsport,
Pa. on September 80, 1886.
He went to Muncy Normal,
taught school. took a B. s. in
agronomy at Penn State. worked
on a Federal soil survey, man.
aged a 600-acre farm at Near
East. Pa. was county agent in
Hartford County, Md, for seven
years. took a course in Market
ing at the University Of Minne-
sofa. travelled $4,000 miles a
year as a marketing expert for
the United States Department
of Agriculture and came to his
present job in 1894.
For years he has been the
william" Of housewives organi-
nations protesting the high price
Of milk. And in his own organi-
cation, he has been the target of
Evening star., 1955-07-10
Milk Pricing to Be Aired
At Alexandra Hearing
By GEORGE FLYNN

Are milk prices in nearby Virginia going to be
That question due for after hearing before
Virginia Milk Commission at Thursday at the George
Mason Hotel in Alexandris.
The hearing also win air the suggestion that commission
abandon its pce-xing powers entirely Alexandria
Evening star., 1955-07-10

AID CAMPAIGN-This ad published in Washington
newspapers by Highs Dairy stores brought new
pressure on the Virginia Milk Commission to con-
slider changing its price controls Highs offered to
donate to charity the difference between the WASH
ington and Virginia prices
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1955-05-13
Work Stoppages In First Quarter
Cost Workers 158, 900 Man. Days

Idleness in the Cincinnati area
made up large part of the states
idleness. Cincinnati had more idle
ness than any of the other seven
major metropolitan areas in Ohio
for both the first quarter and
March. In that city, $1,000 man
days of loss were reported for the
first quarter, and $4,000 man-days
of this loss occurred in March.
For the quarter, Cincinnati was
followed by Akron, with 29,000
man-days; Cleveland, $1,000 man.
days; Dayton, 7,400 man-days; Coz
lumbus and Youngstown, 1900
man-days each; Canton, 300 man
days, and Toledo, 100 man-days.
No strikes were reported in four
cities for March, anton, Colum-
bus, Toledo, and Youngstown. The
other cities followed Cincinnati in
this order: Cleveland, 9,700 man.
days; Dayton, 45o man-days, and
Akron, 100 man-days.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1955-05-13
Mother Makes Fine
Stop Of Line Drive
Lands In Hospital

Mrs. Elton Boyer of Plain
City was painfully injured last
Wednesday while playing ball
with two Little Leaguers.
Mrs. Boyer who is an ardent
fan and supporter of Little
League baseball was participat-
ing in a pepper warm-up game
with her son and another lad.
She had consented to do the
pitching, her son was batting
and the other boy was behind
the bat. Mrs. Boyer Jared we'll
on the hill until her son, a star
Little Lacquer, caught hold of
one of her pitches squarely on
his bat and drove it straight
back at her head. Before she
could get her hands up the ball
struck her squarely on the nose.
suppose we can say that
she was knocked out of the box,
for she was rushed to Memorial
Hospital where it was deter
mined that she suffered a brok-
en- nose and a badly bruised
face.
The moral of this story is,
Mothers, don't under estimate
the ability of your Little Leag-
uer, or you may get hit on your
beaquer."
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1955-05-13
Senator Wiley To
Address Amvets

COLUMBUS, o HIO - United
States Senator Alexander Wiley of
Wisconsin will join with Ohio vet
Grams of World War II and Korea
in celebrating Ohio AMVETS' 10th
Anniversary State Convention here
June 3-5.
AS the principal speaker, Senator
Wiley will discuss United States
Foreign Policy" State AMVET
Commander Vern E. Dexter from
Dayton announced here today.
Commander Dexter reported sem
ator Wiley's message will be of
national interest, especially for
veterans who are interested in fur
ther service to their country as
civilians.
Senator Wiley, who served as
Chairman of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee in 1853 and
1854, will arrive in Columbus at
noon Saturday, June 4, and remain
with the AMVETS until his depar-
ture on Sunday. He is now the top
ranking Republican member of the
u. S. Senate powerful Foreign Re
lations Committee.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1955-05-13

Idleness In Ohio due to work
Stoppages declined in the first
quarter of the year but was still
above the first quarter of 1854, Di-
rector Margaret A. Mahoney of the
Ohio Department of Industrial Re-
lations announced today.
Man-days lost in the first quar-
ter were % percent below the
fourth quarter of last year, but
were SO percent higher than the
corresponding period of last year,
Director Mahoney said.
The directors report showed
that 81 first quarter strikes were
recorded, and some 5000 workers
were idled for a loss of $4,000
man-days.
For March, the record was 81
strikes, $4,000 workers, and $4,000
man-days. March idleness was
about equal to February's but was
18 percent higher than March OF
1854.
Madison County Democrat. (London, Ohio) 19??-1958, 1955-05-13

ed to order by the president, Pat
DialS. Mary Lou Hill lead us in the
4-H pledge. The roll call was taken
and the minutes were read and ap-
proved. The dues were collected.
There is S45.60 in the treasury.
The new members were given
cards to be filled out and sent in.
The old business was cleared up
and the new business was discuss
ed. The club is donating $500 to
help with the building of skating
rink.
The health and safety committee
had a good program for the rest of
the club. The meeting was adjourn
ed.
Demonstrations were given by
Linda Truitt and the Truitt Twins.
Games were played and refresh
mentS were served.
The next meeting will be held al
the home of Glendia Tener, May
II at 7:30 pm.
Betty Lou Truitt
News Reporter