davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Appeal Promised
In Inteqrution Case

BIG SPRING, Tex, Aug. q
R.-A prompt appeal Of a Dis
trict Court decision which would
allow non segregated public
schools to collect Texas State
school funds was promised today
Ross Carlton, Dallas attorney
and counsel for the Texas
Citizens Council which brought
the suit, said the case would be
appealed all the way to the
United States Supreme Court If
necessary.
Judge Charles Sullivan yester-
day refused a Council request to
stop the Big Spring independent
school district from migrating
Its white and Negro classes and
block use of State school money
lin the nonsegregated school dis
tricts.
The ruling was the first test
lof the complicated Gilmer-
Akin Texas public school laws
which call for State aid on a
separated. segregated Negro
white basis.
Some 81 school districts al
ready have announced plans to
Iintegrate classes this fall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Cruise Ships
Back in Port

NORFOLK. Va. Aug. 81 R.-
The Is ships Of midshipman
summer training cruise Charlie"
steamed back into port yester-
day.
Returning from an s.000-mile,
six-week cruise to the Caribbean,
10 of the ships came into the
Norfolk Naval Base and the con-
voy escort piers. This group con-
sisted Of the light cruiser Roa-
noke. the heavy cruiser Newport
News. four destroyers. three de-
stroyer escorts and one feet oiler
the Pawcatuck.
Three high-speed transports
the Carpellotti. Kleinsmith and
Brudo-berthed at the Little
Creek Naval Amphibious Base
upon arrival.
The 1900 midshipmen from
SO colleges and universities WIS.,
tied ports in the Canal Zone and
Cuba during the training cruise
The first midshipman training
cruise, Able" returned here Au-
gust 2 and cruise Baker" the
second TO depart but the last tc
return. is expected back in Nor
folk September 2. Cruises Able
and Baker both crossed the At
lantic to the Mediterranean and
Northern European areas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Army to Place
Highest Priority
On New Weapons

WILDER M. Brucker. new Sec
rotary Of the Army. promises
research on new weapons will be
given "the highest possible prior
ity" because the Army must be
foremost" in this field.
To this end, Secretary Brucker
yesterday created the post of
Director of Research and Devel-
opment. He announced the job
would be filled by William H.
Martin, a former vice president
of Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Mr.. Martin has been a Deputy
Assistant Secretary Of Defense.
The Hoover Commission on
Government Reorganization has
said military research has not
been sufficiently daring and
imaginative"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
WALLET OWNED
BY POLICEMAN
JUST TOO HOT

GLEN BURNIE, MD. Pr
The theft Of Thomas Ezell's
wallet apparently went like
this:
He was pumping water out
Of his basement and put the
wallet. containing $22. aside
to keep it dry.
Somebody heisted it, started
off, opened it up and i.
oops, a cops wallet. Badge,
cards, etc.
Patrolman Ezell recovered
the wallet two days later COM
plete with $22. Somebody had
stashed it in a concrete block
on the other side Of the house.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
'Shigemitsu Says japan
Seeks Independent Role

daughter Hanako and an official
party Of nine foreign ministry
aides.
The visiting dignitary's selec-
ton Of Hot Springs for his week
end relaxation is interesting. 1t
was there that the United States
informed Japanese diplomatic
officials during World War II.
On Monday Mr.. Shigemitsu
will hold the first Of three talks
with Mr.. Dulles. He also will
confer with Ruben Robertson,
Ijr., Deputy Defense Secretary;
Admiral Arthur w. Radford
chairman Of the United States
Joint Chiefs Of staff: Vice Presi-
dent Nixon and Harold Stassen
presidential assistant for dis
armament.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
A Story Of q Washington Transit
Strike Won by the Passengers

were used over and over again
until they were worn and
soiled almost beyond identifi-
cation. 1t may be that this was
highly iAsanitary and that dis
eases were communicated by
this means. At any rate the
old tickets we're shabby and
dirty and sometimes they had
to be pasted together with adj
hesive strips to make them
disable.
A fayorite sport of small
boys then was to hop on the
rear step when the car was in
motion and by jumping up
and down make it teeter on
the rails, sometimes causing it
to leave the track. Then the
driver. with violent language,
would maneuver the car back
to the rails and 60 ahead.
Some years after our family
had moved from H street to
a home on Capitol Hill. near
Lincoln Park, and I had gained
q toehold on newspaper work
by acquiring a junior repor-
torial position on The Star,
the people living along the H
street line, then known as the
Columbia Street Railway"
demanded better service, two
horse cars and conductors.
The company, pleading pow
erty, declined to make the i'm
provement. A riders strike"
was organized. Passengers re-
fused to put their fares in
the boxes, sitting or standing
with their nickels or tickets in
their hands. The driver, Of
course, could not leave his seat
and go around to collect them.
The result was that the cars
ran well filled, but with few
fares in the boxes. This con-
dition lasted for several days,
perhaps for a couple Of weeks.
There were conferences be-
tween the strikers" who had
formed q loose organization.
and the company. the latter
represented by Caleb Willard.
the president. whose Office was
on F street. between Four
tenth and Fifteenth streets.
In view Of the fact that I
had had personal experience
with the one-horse cars as q
boy and moreover knew some
of the leaders in this move
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
The Fl Street BobtoiI Car

ment, and further because my
news run lay in the Iup-town
departments" around the
White House and thus en-
braced the region Of Mr.. VIII
lard's ONCE. ] was assigned
to cover these meetings. The
company soon capitulated and
agreed to buy new and larger
cars and to hire conductors.
making an expenditure Of
about $4,000 for rolling stock
and horses and additional
manpower. Thus the strike
was won.
I wildly remember this case.
for it resulted in the only
"honorarium" that ever came
my way as q reporter. When
Mr.. Willard told me Of the set
Element that had been agreed
upon he expressed his appre-
citation Of the fairness Of my
reports and then, to my amaze
ment. thrust a flve-dollar bill
into my coat pocket and re-
fused to heed my protest that
should not be thus rewarded
for merely doing my duty as a
representative Of The Star. He
literally pushed me out Of his
office. the money in my pocket.
On returning to The Star office
! reported the circumstances
to Harry Goodwin, our dty
editor. one Of the most capable
newspapermen I have ever
known and a man of the most
lovahle qualities.
II don't know what to do
with this" ! told him.
do with it?" he replied.
"Why you keep it. II you don't
keep it, I'll have you fired.
Anybody who can get five dol
lars from Caleb Willard has
earned it"
Mr.. Willard, it may be I'M
derstood from this incident,
was not noted for his generos-
ity. although later ! came to
know Of many good deeds on
his part which belied his gen.
eral reputation for "nearness."
So the strike was ended
with an improvement in the
streetcar service. The two
horse cars continued to run for
a number Of years and then q
cable system was installed, the
line being exceptionally suited
to this means Of propulsion.
being almost straight-away
from end to end. Later 1t was
electrified" which is its status
today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
VISITOR COAXED
FROM PERCH 400
FEET ABOVE RIVER

NEW YORK tP.-It took.
four policemen an hour last
night to induce 30-year-old
Chester Daniels to come
down off his perch 400 feet
up in the superstructure of
the George Washington
Bridge.
Daniels, OF Justell. KY,
said he left his wife to come
to New York three weeks ago
to seek work. Then, he said.
he ran out Of money.
During his sojourn high
above the Hudson River,
Daniels dropped a shoe and
other articles.
After he was brought down
in a bridge elevator and
taken to q hospital for OBJ
servation. Daniels said he
climbed the bridge 80 I
could talk to God"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
By JOHN A. GILES

Defense Secretary Wilson to-
day directed the Army to turn
down British bids to supply gen.
orators for a Pacific Northwest
dam at $964,o33 less than the
lowest domestic bids.
Although they were underbid
by English Electric Export and
Trading Co.. Ltd, the westing-
house Electric Corp. and the
Pennsylvania Transformer Co.
won the awards to furnish the
equipment at Chief Joseph Dam
lin the Columbia River Basin
near Brewster. Wash. The Corps
of Engineers is building the dam
fom the State Of Washington.
Mr.. Wilson said he took the
action because the companies
have plants in the Pittsburgh
area and that section had Sub
stantial unemployment"
Westinghouse bid $6.338. 49l to
furnish six generators. English
Electric asked $5.460.361.
Pennsylvania Transformer bid
$3.50. 1858 to furnish three trans
formers while the British bid was
$470.S65.
'tBuy American" Act:
Mr.. Wilson referred to Presi-
dent Eisenhower's December II.
1854. executive order concerning
the Buy American Act" He said
authority was given to reject a
low foreign bid in any situation
in which the domestic supplier
offering the lowest price for
furnishing the desired materials
undertakes to produce substan-
TALLY all Of such equipment in
areas of substantial unemploy-
ment as certified by the Secre-
tary Of Labor.
THE bids Of the English Elec-
trio Co., although lower than
those Of the domestic firms were
rejected in order to place the
procurement in . domestic area
Of substantial unemployment. "
he continued.
Mr.. Wilson said the domestic
firms had undertaken to produce
all the equipment in the Pitts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Treasury Humphrey he may balance the budget
Brave time the Republicans went to the country
with balanced budget it took 20 years to find them
The French tell Arabs that government won't work
in French speak from experience They've
tried it for years in France.
Leader johnson the Democrats will win
thing the White House Taxpayers not
unhappy With all that maybe the Democrats will be
able to keep the passport Office open nights.
Farm Boss subsidies for growers to
divert potatoes You don't catch Republicans burning spuds
like those Fair Dealers did They pay the farmers to light
their fires
Senate Republican Leader Knowand against Russian
Smiles" Knowland fears let smile be umbrella
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27

Foreign Minister Mamoru
ShigemitSu Of Japan today was
relaxing at Hot Springs. Va.
after declaring that his nation
must move toward "a complete
posture of independence"
The 68-year- old diplomat. who
a decade ago formally signed
Japan's surrender to the allies,
told news conference here yes
terday that "the time has come
when We must go forward con-
structively."
After declaring that it was
high time we get off to a fresh
start for the real reconstruction
OF Japan" he added that I'VE are
going to have to do it ourselves. /"
Mr.. Shigemitsu said it was this
new approach that he particu-
larry wanted to talk over with
Secretary Of State Dulles and
other United States officials in
a three-day round of meetings
starting Monday.
Desire for independence
Since taking Office early this
year. Japan's conservative Demo-
cratic Party has stressed its de-
sire for a more independent role
In Japan's postwar partnership
with the United States.
The previous government,
headed by former Prime Min
lister Shigeru Yoshida, was criti-
cized as being too pro-American.
Mr.. Shigemitsu stressed the
Importance Of the United States
and Japan understanding each
other and the need for con-
tinuing close cooperation be-
tween the two countries.
He declared that Japan's eco
nomic sterilization and ability to
defend itself must go forward
together. He said If Japan put
itself on a more independent de-
Tense footing then there will be
no problems with the United
States on that score.
Defense Blueprint
He did not mention the United
States-Japan security pact which
provides for stationing American
defense forces ON the imperial
home islands. But a spokesman
said he brought a blueprint of
Japan's general defense plans
along with him.
1--WE have got to talk things
over" he said. That's why I'm
here"
Mr.. ShigemitSu lunched with
japanese Ambassador Sadao
Iguchi. then left for the weekend
at a countryside resort at Hot
Springs.
He was accompanied by his
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27

Editors note: This Is taken
from the memoirs OF the late
Gideon A. Lyon, Associate
Editor of The Starr
AS one means Of getting a
perspective upon constantly
changing conditions affecting
the daily life Of Washing
tonians, let us take the matter
Of transportation within the
boundaries of the Capital. In
the course of a few decades
there have been remarkable
alterations and improvements.
When I came to this city as a
small boy, in 1877, there were
Of course no electric cars. not
even cable cars. All the trans
port was by horse power. The
public" vehicles were hacks.
each drawn by one or two
horses, capable Of making five
or six miles an hour. The
horse cars made less speed,
owing to the need of numerous
stops.
We lived then in Northeast
Washington. not far from Ken
dali Green, the college for the
deaf. now known as Gallau-
Diet. To get to town" we used
a one-horse car that ran from
Fifteenth and H streets NE.
to the Treasury, a distance of
approximately three miles. The
trip required about forty min
utes, one way. The cars would
be stopped at a signal from a
would-be passenger. at any
point, or on the sounding of a
bell. rung by a passenger who
pulled a strap. Thus the pas
senger was both rider and con-
ductor. Mid-block stops were
common. for there were no
fixed hating places.
Passengers paid their fares
by dropping their nickels into
a box up front. or tickets
which were sold six for a
quarter, the driver acting as
cashier for making change or
delivering tickets. serving the
passenger by means Of an
aperture closed by a two-way
spring flap. During the latter
stage of this mode of trans
port the driver handed out
the tickets in small envelopes.
Strips of tickets did not come
into use until long afterward
and the paper fare tokens
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
By J. A. OLEARY

Congressional leaders were at
odds today as to whether taxes
can be cut next year on the
basis of the Treasury announce
ment that the Government has
a good chance Of achieving a
balanced budget by next June.
Senators Millikin, Republican
Of Colorado, and George. Demo-
crat Of Georgia. high-ranking
members of the Finance Com
mittee, indicated they would
consider some downward revi-
sion as a possibility at the 1856
session.
But Senator Byrd. Democrat
of Virginia. chairman OF FL
nance, said at would be fool
hardy to balance the budget and
then unbalance it by prema-
ture reduction in taxes"
Deficit Lowered
The mid-year budget review
Just made public by the admin
istration showed that the esti-
mated deficit for the year ending
next June has been lowered from
S2.4 billion to SIT billion.
Treasury Secretary Humphrey
and Budget Director Hughes
joined in expressing the hope
that Federal agencies can find
enough additional savings to
wipe out this remaining deficit
before June.
But Mr.. Humphrey. like Sena-
tor Byrd, was cautious on the
subject of how soon this would
mean a tax cut. The Secretary
said 'it is too early to tell and
added he would not favor a cut
If it has to come from borrowed
money.
This implied he would not
support cut until the budget
Is actually balanced and the
cut was in sight for the future.
Most political observers here
believe, however, it will be I'M
possible to keep Congress from
considering tax reductions in an
election year if the budget is
even close to being balanced.
Will Seek Reduction
On the House side, where
taxes must originate. Represent
alive Dingell, Democrat OF
Michigan, announced yesterday
he will press for general tax re-
vision in January. Mr.. Dingell is
q member of the Tax Writing
Ways and Means Committee
and inserted a statement in the
latest edition Of the Congress
sional Record advocating tai
cuts in this order:
First, by repeating wartime
excise rates on long list OF
goods and services; second, by
reducing income levies on low
salaried individuals, and third
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Truck Drops on House

LINARES. Chile, Aug. ~ H1.
"A truck rolled over a precipice
and dropped onto q house near
here yesterday. killing the two
truck occupants and crushing
to death three persons in the
residence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Senate Leaders at Odds
On Outlook for Tax Cut

by letting corporations taxes go
back from So per cent to the
1850 rate of Al per cent.
This reduction in the corpora
ton rate and a percentage drop
on many excuses will take place
automatically April unless the
January session acts to prevent
lit. In an election year no one
expects Congress to let corpora
ton rates go down without some
tax relief for individuals.
Millikin's Position
Senator Millikin said he would
not insist on an actual balance
in the budget before considering
tax revisions if a balance was
in sight.
Senator George agreed it is
entirely possible the budget will
be balanced this year. and said
he thought any tax reduction
should go to individuals. possibly
through higher personal exemp-
lions, rather than to corpora
tons.
Senator Byrd. just back from
+ Canadian vacation, issued this
statement:
II agree with Secretary
Humphrey that the budget car
be balanced in this fiscal year
/ am not so certain. however
that both a tax reduction and
a balanced budget can be &C.
complished. It would be fool
hardy to balance the budget and
then unbalance it by premature
reduction in taxes. I strongly
favor tax reduction made pos
sible by retrenchment in spend
ing.
II have predicted for some
time that the revenue would ex-
coed the Treasury's estimates,
but we should not rely upon this
revenue coming from the present
business boom, as this may fall
off. The sound balancing Of the
budget must come about by re-
ducing expenditures.
( Il repeat what I've said so
often-that very large reduc-
tons in expenditures can be
made by eliminating waste and
extravaganza and duplicated ef-
fort that exist in practically
every governmental activity.
1T is a source OF qualification
to me to see that we are APP
preaching a balanced budget
after Is years of deficit spend
ing. but we should not become
too jubilant until the budget IL
actually in balance.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
StunIey Gets Report
ION Back Buy Crop Toll

RICHMOND, Aug. 81 o.
Gov. Stanley today received a
report from State Agriculture
Commissioner Parke C. Brinkley
on a survey Of crop damage in
the flooded Back Bay section Of
Princess Anne County.
Mr.. Brinkley advised the Gov
ernor the full extent Of damage
could not be determined until
the farm land is clear Of food
waters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-27
Dangerous Dogs

CHICAGO. - Saturday and
Sunday are generally accepted as
the two most dangerous days to
drive in modern-day traffic.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-01

of Alnesbury. Mass. A Sep
TENDER wedding is planned.
Miss Miller is a graduate of
Albright College. Reading, Pa.
Mr.. Davis is a graduate of
Tufts College.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-01

UNIcEF BENEFAcToRS-Mrs Guido PontoIeoni, IT,,
President of the United Stotes Committee for UNlcEF,
and Mrs. Robert Low Bocon, chairman of the Wosh-
ngton Premiere Committee, pose with Mrs. Boeon's
West Highland terriers, Torton and Eode. Mrs John
Foster Dulles honorary chairman of the film premiere.
-Stor Stoff Photos.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-01
MRS. H. ERWIN
GIVES A PARTY
ATMENLOUGH

Dogwood. tulips and white
primroses set the "at-home"
theme yesterday at the party
given Mrs. Henry Parson
Erwin.
Actually. it was a house
warming for the widow who
recently sold her Washing
ton estate Arbremont and
moved to Warrenton, Va.
Menlough, one of the old
est places in that part of the
country. was trimming yes
terday with residential
Washingtonians who drove
down for the 4-to-7 o'clock
gathering.
Virginia friends were in
cluded in the guest list as
were many from the serv-
ice set.
Mrs. James Lawrence
Walsh, cousin of the hostess,
was on hand as were her
daughters and sons-in-law,
Mr.. and Mrs. John A.
Croghan and Mr.. and Mrs.
Macdonald Goodwin and Mr..
Goodwin's parents, Judge
and Mrs. Clarence Norton
Goodwin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-05-01
Miss Miller to Wed
Mr.. John C.. Duvis

Mr.. and Mrs. Leonard M.
Miller have announced the en-
gagement of their daughter
Barbara to Mr.. John c. Davis
Evening star., 1955-06-05
MARYLAND:
BY GENE GOODWIN

Maryland's Gov. McKeldin
is Q commuter.
He lives in the executive
mansion in Annapolis and the
Governors official Office is just
across the street in the State
House.
But Mr.. McKeldin runs the
State from Baltimore-specif-
ically, from a suite Of offices
on the 18th floor of the Math-
ieson Building, Baltimore's
highest.
Richie Storted II
He and his aides spend much
Of their time shutting the 80
miles back and forth between
the capital and Baltimore. just
as Governors and Governors
aides have done since the
1920s when Gov. Albert c.
Ritchie first opened a second
Governors Office in Maryland's
largest city.
Gov. Ritchie was a Baltimo-
rean, and when he took Office
in 1920, he was the first Gov
ernor to come from the city in
IS years. BY the time he
turned over the Governors
chair to another Baltimorean,
Evening star., 1955-06-05
MARYLAND:
Annapolis Is Capital
But Baltimore Has Jobs

Harry w. Nice, in 1885. COM
muting had become an estab-
lished part Of the job.
Today most Of the States
business Is done in Baltimore
because most Of the State
agencies are located there.
Virtually every agency or de-
partmeht created since 1920
has been put in Baltimore
rather than Annapolis.
There are now about As
State departments or boards
operating in Offices scattered
all over the city Of Baltimore.
They include such large agen-
cies as the Department Of
Motor Vehicles. the State
Roads Commission, the De-
partment Of Education. the
health department and the
welfare department.
There are nine State agen-
cies in the capital city Of An
napolis.
The Annapolis departments
employ about 500 persons.
Not counting the Baltimore
branches Of the University Of
Maryland, the State employs
something like $500 persons
in Baltimore.
No wonder that contestants