davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-02-04
Ira Hayes

Ira Hoyes
The lamentable death of Ira Hayes,
who was willing to make the supreme
sacrifice-is depressing to this writer
I got to know the three courageous sur
vivors of the celebrated Two Jima flag
raising while in Baltimore acting as
official announcer during the great
Seventh War Loan drive.
How beautifully expressed are the
words of Admiral NimitZ, Uncommon
valor was common virtue"
Joseph Stanley Hatch, Sr.
The death of Ira Hayes lies heavily
on my mind and conscience. Consoling
is the thought that Ira, like the Little
Match Girl, awoke to vision of lowell
ness where there is no more aching of
the soul that he had sought to ease
with alcohol. One can conjure up a
picture of his welcome to heaven-as
a hero. or as the prodigal son-more
welcome than the rest because he has
been lost for a while. The goodness
and gentleness Of our God assures us
that Iras cares are over. 81,
In 1ra's case, perhaps God was show
ing us the two sides of the coin that
is man, and asking: Which do you
say he is-hero or bum?
Judge not, lest We be judged"
L. b. s.
If we know any other hero who has
,rown weak and weary of the world. we
should have him placed in home,
where he would get three good meals a
day "a drink. too. if he desired it,,
companionship, recreation, good bed
and medical care. He would be physi-
cally. mentally and spiritually better,
and we would be proud instead of
ashamed.
Spectator.
Evening star., 1955-02-04

An oculist friend sees no peril to the
eyes In color television, II the teen-age son
who likes to lie on the floor with his feet on
the furniture doesn't get his argyle socks
too close to the screen.
Evening star., 1955-02-04
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the answer to any
question OF fact BY writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau, 1900 Eye St.
NV Washington 5. D. C. Please inclose
3 cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1955-10-30
Money From
The Stars
ny JACK STE


Three kids grind mirrors % reflect The sky
There IS least craft remaining in todays machine
age that takes plenty Of elbow grease, skill and patience
1t IS the art Of grinding the highly polished minors which
gather starlight and reflect il to telescopes eyepiece
The teen-aee trio shown here are transforming fat
plate Of glass into the surface needed support
the mirrors extremely thin layer Of rejecting material
They l7yearold James Shatzel and his younger
companions Mary Dell Matchett and James Capan. Jim
Shatzefs fathcE director Of the Adler Panetarum in
Chicago helped them get the necessary material such
the Foucau equipment above This instrument used
10 test the figure Of the mirror, BY playing pnpont
Of light upon determine its degree of ccncavity
The kids sell the mirrors fast as they make them
When talked them they had "a sales with eight more
order Since good IOinc mirror costs at least sI45
you can see its a welLpaIng trade
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
POTOMAC FEVER
FLETCHER KNEBEL

Ike to Denver for vacation. No to stay
Washington Nothing much happens here while the
Presidents away.
Democratic Ada Stevenson leads for the pes
dental nomination. They he's the new Stevenson-he
almost sure he's willing to be coaxed again.
Eisenhower officials celebrate the goth anniversary the
Social Security system. It's old Republican program
started by relative of Teddy Roosevelt.
Gov Hartman of New York says vigorous" Democratic
candidate beat Ike. Hartman wishes he could
but he's out of breath from the thought all
ting-up exercises he'll have to do
Postmaster General Summereld will put SLOW down and
live slogans United States mail trucks YEAH why hurry
home today? It'll be tomorrow before yesterdays mail
Irish raiders invade British camp steal ammun
ton The worlds back to normal again. Nobody think
good excuse for fighting except being Irish
Russia she'll reduce her armed forces by $4,000
Defense Secretary Wilson fears he won't be able to cut
Army further He forgot where he mad what's left of it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
DORIS FLEESON
Washington Warned of New Tensions
Despite Efforts for Stability There

BEIRUT, Lebanon.-United
States diplomats in the Mid
die East have warned Wash
ington not to expect anything
to be settled in this area this
year. They believe, instead.
that a new period Of tension is
ahead. which has ugly posi-
bilitics and is at best dis
heartening.
1t had been hoped that by
this time the Eisenhower policy
Of stressing stability for the
whole region. including Israel,
would be getting some results.
Nothing flashy, necessarily, but
settlements in the numerous
small areas of friction where
slow and quiet accomplish
ments can add up impressively
as time goes on.
The main worries of the
diplomats are all fairly OBJ
vious.
France is struggling in Mo-
rocco and Algiers with vio-
lence and bloodshed, even
though present French moves
are directed at affording some
satisfaction to Arab national
list demands. Thus the French
government in Paris is being
put on the spot just at a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
DORIS FLEEsoN
Cloudy Outlook in Middle East

the United States and France.
This may help to stif1e some
criticism heard in Arab coun-
tries that the United States
should do something about its
ally. France.
The most immediate result
Of present pessimism is that
Eric Johnston postponed again
q long-scheduled trip to press
forward with the Jordan wa
ter-development plan he has
long worked on. 1t affects four
countries: Jordan, Israel, Sy-
ria and Lebanon.
1t was decided he should not
come at least until after cleo
lions in Syria on August 10.
There a fight among assorted
army factions complexities an
already-confused situation.
1t is believed here that the
only Communist party worthy
of the name among Middle
East Arabs is active in Syria
now. Egypt also has been max
ing sturdy efforts to swing
Syria out of the orbit of Iraq
since Iraq signed her pact with
Greece and Turkey.
Some quarters are saying
the Johnston plan is doomed
anyway and that he needs to
come here only to inter it de-
Gently. This is a sad report on
a constructive project into
which has gone a very great
deal of disinterested effort.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
Pickinq the Democratic Candidate

at Chicago, which brought about
the political discussion Of presi-
Dental candidates last week, did
assemble the very men who con-
troll most of the State machines
in the Democratic Party. Hence
it is right, politically speaking,
to pay attention to what they
say. In fact, last November when
so many Democratic Governors
were elected, it was jubilantly
claimed by some Democratic
spokesman that the possession
of this very political machinery
and the control of State ap-
pointments-would help the
Democratic Party to victory in
1856.
But these Democratic Gov
errors are only the front men"
for the real powers in the DEM
ocratic Party. It's the bosses Of
the big labor unions who pull
the strings. Not many conven-
tions ago. the wise and resource
full FDR told his lieutenants who
were considering various persons
for the vice presidential nomi-
nation to clear it with Sidney"
This was reference to CLOS
Sidney Hiliman. The clearance
wasn't for loyalty or security
reasons. as the term has come
to be used nowadays--eXcept
perhaps in a metaphorical sense.
1t meant that a candidate. to be
acceptable, must put loyalty to
the labor. union doctrines above
all else. even the party doctrine
once proclaimed by Jefferson
equal rights for all, special
privileges for none"
The labor unions, of course,
supply lots Of money and workers
to the Democratic Party cam
paigns. So it's important that
presidential candidate shall
have the Endorsement not Just
of the Governors of States but
of the governors Of the big labor
unions of America. Presidential
primaries are just window dl ess-
ing. The trek is back to the
middle ages Of American politics
only it's the country estate
now. rather than the smoke
filled hotel ROOM" where the
deals are made.
Reproduction Rights Reseryed.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15

time when critical negotia-
tons regarding Europe are
taking place.
The aggressive aationalism
OF the army junta ruling Egypt
has met with reply in Israel.
There the general election
just held has strengthened the
politicians who favor a more
active and aggressive policy.
Egypt's Premier Nasser al
ready has been widely quoting
spokesman for the far right
and far left parties as proving
Israel cannot be trusted not
to burst out of her borders,
fully armed. OF course, the
chances are they quoted
Mr.. Nasser in their campaigns,
too. More reciprocal quoting
can now begin
There are disorders also in
Cyprus. the strategic island
whose Greek-speaking popu-
lation is pressing for independ-
ence from British control and
Tor union with Greece.
Newspapers here report that
United States Undersecretary
of State Hoover has offered to
intervene with France If the
Arabs will drop their violence
and radio campaigns against
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15

The Southeastern Europe
and Middle Eastern alliances
sponsored or encouraged by
the United States as brakes
to Soviet imperialism have
deteriorated in the last few
months.
There is a serious schism in
the Yugoslav-G Greek Turkish
alliance. Yugoslavia is turning
definitely toward the USSR.
She sees no particular ad-
vantages in a defense Or
ganization intended originally
to stem the spread of Red
imperialism in the Eastern
Mediterranean.
When Tito was kicked out
of the Cominform seven years
ago, he expected Moscow's
satellites. backed by elements
of the Red army, to invade
his country. This was pre-
vented by quick American
action supporting him mill
tarily and economically.
Today Belgrade and Moscow
are fully reconciled and the
Communist satraps in Buchar-
est, Budapest and Sofia are
once more willing, on orders
from the Kremlin, to play
second fiddle to the Yugoslav
dictator. Thus the value to
Yugoslavia of the alliance
with Greece and Turkey has
gone down sharply.
Tito is reported quietly as
sisting the increasingly strong
Communist or fellow-traveling
groups in Greece which want
to do away with the monarchy
and representative govern
ment.
At the same time a serious
rift has developed between
Greece and Turkey over the
island Of Cyprus, a British
possession which belonged to
Turkey for several hundred
years before 1t was ceded to
Britain in 1873.
Cyprus population is large
ly of Greek origin. The ma
tionalism famed by Com
munists in North Africa and
Asia has had repercussions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
State Department Draws Criticism
For StolIing Writer'S Application

having expired. Il may say
that I would be less skeptical
about "the free world" were
the freedom Of movement re-
established that existed prior
to World War I, when there
was not such a thing as a
passport or visa west of I'M
perial RussiaD
However, to move from the
general to the particular, I
hope this fall to visit the So
Wet Union, and, time permit
ting, two other East European
countries. Since l am, I be-
lieve, a reputable journalist,
whose loyalty to her country
has never been impugned,
I anticipated no hindrances
from my own Government.
whatever I might encounter
from others.
Visas, even at the present
level of the Iron Curtain, are
not obtained quickly, so I ap-
piled for a passport validated
for Russia and two other East
European states last July, with
a request that it be expedited.
and simultaneously inquired
from the embassies of the
Eastern countries what steps I
should take to obtain visas.
I received immediate replies
from the Soviet Union and the
two other embassies, the latter
informing me, as a matter of
course. that my passport would
have to be validated for other
countries. and from the Soviet
Embassy a form to fill out.
But the State Department
informed me that before vail
dating my passport for travel
to the USSR would have to
submit a letter from the So
Wet Embassy, stating that a
visa would be issued by them.
Thus the State Department
will not make it possible for
me to visit Russia unless as
sured in advance that the So
VETS will accept me. This will
hold up my passport. delay
my getting the other visas,
and possibly Illustrate the
whole project, since I can only
make the trip this fall.
Just why? If any country
refuses me a visa that's its
sovereign right. But why is the
State Department concerned?
Obviously not for my personal
safety. Are they perhaps con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
Big Fall Drive
Set bye. 0. P.
BY the Associated Press

The Republican National Com
mittee says that seven organiza-
tional drives planned for the
coming fall will represent the
greatest ever attempted at the
national level a year in advance
of the presidential election.
A letter sent to 10000 party
workers describing the program
urged them mot only to seek
another sweeping Republican
presidential victory in 1856. but
to fix three additional detectives
for our discussions this fall:
"a. The election of Republic
can Congress.
"B. A resurgence of Republic
can strength in local and State
elections.
&C. An about effort to broad
en- the base of the Republican
Party"
The national committee phase
of the organization work ahead
includes a campaign school for
the 48 State party chairmen to
be held here September ITO,
with State and county schools
coming later public opinion polls
starting September 20 to guide
leaders on issues, and county
conferences of women from Sep
TENDER to the end of 1855.
Other activity includes State
survey by field men of the ma
tional senatorial and congress
slonal committees and meetings
in marginal" House districts
between task forces of United
States Representatives and dis
trict leaders.
In addition. the National Fed
Grafton Of Republican Women
plans 10 regional meetings be-
tween September and January
and the federation's board of
directors will meet in New Or
leans october At.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
YugosIov-Greek- turkish Schism

months. Communist China has
Just signed an agreement for
purchase of important guam
titles of Egyptian cotton. Re-
lations between Iran and the
USSR have greatly improved
at the expense Of those be-
tween Teheran and Ankara.
The new government in Paki-
stan is interested in establish
ing close economic and cul.
tural ties with both Moscow
and Peiping.
On the surface these devel-
opments should gladden. the
heart Of all of us who want
to see peace and goodwill
firmly established on earth.
But to some skeptical charac-
tiers in this country. who be-
lieve that the Red imperialists
in Russia and China have not
changed their spots. these
manifestations mean only that
we are rapidly becoming iso-
lated for the day of reckoning
which they believe the Com
munists will seek with the
United States.
The shrewd but unsophisti-
Gated leaders of the Moham-.
medans in the Near East and
Middle East accept the pres
ent honeymoon between the
Communist and free nations.
instigated by the Muscovites,
at its face value.
The pending visit Of the top
men in the Kremlin as hon.
ored guests of the British gov
eminent and talk that the No.
2 man in Washington, Vice
President Nixon, is about to
accept an invitation to visit
Moscow means to the Asiatics
only one thing-that the West
has accepted the hand of the
Communists without qualif1-
cations and without looking
carefully to see whether it
it holds an olive branch or a
dagger.
The present love feast
means to the Oriental mind
that the once respected and
feared Western powers con-
slider themselves too weak to
challenge the growing might
Of Communism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
Middle Eastern Nations More Eager
For Ties With acknowledging Axis
CONSTANTINE BROWN

in Greece. But, unlike in
Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
there Is no question of Greece's
independence. 1t has been
sovereign for more than a
century.
1t is a question of Greece
wanting to reunite a former
Turkish island, now a British
possession. with the mother
country.
The British don't like the
idea because of the strategic
value Of Cyprus. The Turks
are angry at the Greek de-
mands because the island was
originally Turkish soil and an
important segment of the
island has a Turkish popula-
ton. Moreover. they insist, if
Britain is to give up her
rights the Turks have better
historical title to Cyprus than
Greece.
In all this muddle, one thing
appears certain: that the East
ern Mediterranean alliance
carefully prepared by Ameri-
can diplomats is about to
break up.
Similarly the Turkey Iran
Pakistan military bloc is weak
ening. Most of the Middle
Eastern republics and king
doms are taking stock of the
international situation and are
becoming increasingly anxious
to do business with the Mos
cow-Pieping axis.
The Russian and Chinese
smiles toward these Arab
states have become positively
enticing. If the great Western
powers are determined to CO.
exist with the Communist bloc,
say these governments, why
should they not do the same
thing. And in order to avoid
some unpleasantness smacking
of the new-type colonialiSm,
the Moslem states want to beat
the Westerners to the punch
by offering their hand in
friendship to the Communists.
Egypt's Premier NasSer is
ready to visit Moscow and
Peiping in the next few
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
Session of 26 Governors on Big Estate
Likened to Smoke-FHled-Room Days

man hearings then or brow
beating of witnesses or in
nuendoes or any of the things
which lately have become the
subject of so much concern
because the sensitivities of
left wingers" now are in
volved.
The presidential preference
primaries, however. aren't
going to play an influential
part in picking the 1856 can
didate of the Democratic
Party. The plan is for the
principal candidates to agree
among themselves. Thus, after
a three-hour conference at
Stevenson's palatial home out
side Chicago, Gov. Hartman
of New York says he will not
run if the former Illinois Gov
ernor wants to run. And Mr..
Stevenson will not try unless
he is sure to win the nominal
tion-which depends on the
assent of the big city machines
in the Democratic Party, some
of which are opposed to him.
as, for example, Tammany in
New York.
1t was Gov. Shivers of Texas
who poured cold water on the
Stevenson candidacy by saying
it wouldn't have the support
of the South. Promptly Sem
ator Neuberger of Oregon,
Democrat, said this was be-
cause in 1852 Mr.. Stevenson
had refused to give Gov.
ShiverS an Endorsement of the
so-called' "tidelands oil give
away" Sen. Neuberger thought
this refusal would prove an
asset to Mr.. Stevenson rather
than a liability.
The Republicans. to be sure.
may just possibly remind the
electorate next time that the
sum total of all the give
Always" during the 20 years of
Democratic rule was very big,
and an itemized report might
make some interesting cam
paign fireworks. -
The Conference of Governor!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15

For years charges of Sc
crecy have been leveled against
the Soviet and other Commu-
mist governments, using THE
Iron Curtain" to describe the
self-imposed isolation of these
countries from foreign OBJ
servers.
From the West have come
persistent pleas to lift the cur
tain as a means of easing
international tensions by al
laying suspicious that the
countries were covering things
from all except pro-Commu-
mist observers.
Secrecy, indeed, is a ma
tural cause of suspicion. In
the atomic age, when a sur
prise attack might knock out
a potential enemy in minutes,
a nation more or less hermet-
ically sealed against observa-
ton awakens the anxiety of
other nations. Evil deeds
are planned in darkness" So
secrecy is therefore the enemy
Of confident coexistence.
Even more is it the enemy
Of tolerance and friendship.
All men distrust movements
and parties that are to an
extent secret societies, whose
published plans and aSpira-
tons differ from those known
to the initiate. This, the es-
sence Of political conspiracy.
awakens fear and engenders
hostility.
Emerson said. "a friend is a
person with whom one can be
sincere" Sincerity equates
with candor. a quality of OPEN
ness and light.
1t now appears that the
Soviet Union and other Com
munist states are disposed to
lift the Iron Curtain a bit,
cautiously to be sure, and ex-
perimentally, we may suppose.
But diplomatists and CORE
spondents in Moscow are al
ready enjoying a quite differ
ent atmosphere from that of
Russia under Stain.
But the government of the
United States is still restrain
ing its citizens from taking
full advantage of this change.
At the end of September, I
wish to travel abroad, to &C
quire background for this
column. To do so. I require a
new passport, the present one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
DAVID LAWRENCE

They used to handpick their
presidential candidate in a
"smoke-filled room" with a lot
Of political bosses sitting
around in a Chicago hotel-at
least the Republicans did it
that way. But it's surprising
now to see the Democrats
Manipulating their presidential
candidate for 1855 in a luxuri-
Gus estate near the shores OF
Lake Michigan, with a group
Of political bosses-the Demo-
cratic Governors Of 26 States
sitting around.
Time was when the Demo-
cratic Party orators proudly
boosted that they were the
party Of the "peepul." But the
"peepul" nowadays do not
seem to have much to say
about it. The so-called presi-
dential-preference primary
system, which was legislated
largely through the efforts of
'progreSsives," seems to have
been Shunted aside in favor of
the same old systematic Sc
lection Of q candidate by the
bigwigs Of the party.
It so happens that former
Gov. Stevenson of Illinois was
given the nomination in 1852,
even though he didn't particle
pate in the Democratic Party
primaries. He was "coy and
reluctant" and almost had to
be drafted" for the nominal
ton at the last minute. 1t was
Senator Estes Kefauver of
Tennessee-he of the COON
skin cap-who rode the pri-
maries from Coast to Coast
and piled up a lot of votes,
derived in large part from his
TV appearances in the guise of
a vice crusader and chairman
OF a congressional investigat-
ing committee.
Those were the days when
the liberals" didn't bring up
due process" or the Bill Of
Rights. They didn't mind one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15
DOROTHY THOMPSON
Getting Passport Is Troublesome

cerned to protect the Soviets
from me? Doesn't 1t amount
to saying (to the Soviets> you
take this woman at your own
risk" That Injuries my repu-
tation and wounds my feel
ingS.
I have been in the Soviet
Union before and its govern
ment survived my visit.
don't know the reason.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15

Sx-mile minute speed on the worlds fastest aner is
just part of the difference you enjoy Uniteds DC7s
to Chicago Every detail from the spacious smary deco
rated cabins the delicious, full-course meals the
extra-fast luggage delivery arrival is carefully
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-15

planned to provide you with the extra comfort and con-
venience of Service in the Mannero manner But prove
it yourself On your next trip to Chicago, fly United
and discover the difference when you travel in the Main
liner manner!