davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-10-13
Defense in Depth

Trans adherence to the Baghdad
Pact creates a deep defensive frontier
against Soviet aggression in the Middle
East Geographically, 1t provides a solid
land mass of pro-Western countries
Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Pakistan-along
Russia's frontier from the Black Sea to
the mouth of the Persian Gulf. With
Britain also partner to this alliance,
and with British and American arms
assistance already committed, it promises
a co-ordinated military force Of great
potential importance. With all this, per-
haps the greatest immediate value-at
time when the Kremlin Is making an
open bid to intervene in Middle East af-
fairs-is the political implication con-
veyed by this closing Of ranks OF the So
called northern tier Of states across the
highly strategic area.
It is not surprising, therefore, that
the Moscow government has been quick
to protest the Iranian decision. Nor
should the Russian protest be taken
lightly, particularly in its reminder OF
certain treaty obligations" outstanding
between the two countries. BY terms OF
a 1921 agreement, the Soviet Union has
the right to send troops into Iran If there
is threat Of attack from that country. 1t
was this pact that was invoked IN 194l
when an alleged threat Of German attack
through Iran prompted Russia to occupy
the northern half Of the country while
Britain took over the southern portion.
Actually, however, there Is no aggres-
30 fx1 1a r1IPr
nian action or In the multilateral Bagh-
dad Pact. Even with British American
military aid, the forces represented in the
northern tier alliance do not constitute
an offensive threat. Furthermore, the
history Of the past decade is clear in
showing that no military aggression has
stemmed from the network of free world
alliances that extends from the North
Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. On the
contrary, the aggressions have come
from the Communist side and In them
selves have prompted the defensive alli-
ances among the free nations. Regional
pacts OF this type, incidentally, are spe-
cifically sanctioned in chapter eight OF
the United Nations Charter.
Iran, among the non-C Communist ma
tions, shares one of the longest frontiers
with the Soviet Union. For more than
two centuries 1t has been an avowed tar
get for Russian expansion. On several
occasions 1t has known Russian occupa-
ton, at least in part. Yet, smaller and
far less powerful, it has never really
yielded to Russian military aggression
or political subversion. Backed strongly
by the United States In the in. Security
Council in 1946, it forced the evacuation
of Red troops from Iranian territory
Evening star., 1955-10-13
OFT to a Bad Start

It is regrettable that controversy
has arisen over who Is to summon men,
bers Of the new District Auditorium Com
mission for their first meeting. This is a
relatively minor matter. The important
thing is to get the commission organized
and on the job as soon as possible. The
dispute over meeting calling prerogatives
now could delay action, generate Ill feel
ing and hurt the whole venture.
The squabble developed when Interior
Secretary Mckay announced that he had
appointed Conrad L. Wirth, director Of
the National Park Service, as executive
officer" Of the commission, with instruc-
tions to call an organizational meeting
at an early date. However, neither Mr..
Mckay nor Mr.. Wirth is member Of the
commission, members of which were
named jointly by the President, the Vice
President and the Speaker of the House.
Senator Nicely of West Virginia, one Of
the sponsors of the commission legisla-
ton. and Senator Mcnamara of Michigan,
both Of whom are commission members,
promptly issued statement challenging
Mr.. McKay's authority in the matter.
The Secretary thereupon explained that
he was only trying to help the commission
get started and II this help was not
wanted 1t was "all right" with him.
Unfortunately, Congress neglected to
give the commission any guidance In the
choosing of chairman or the formula
tion of an organization plan. Someone,
obviously, has to take the initiative II
the commission ever is to get down to
the important business Of working out
plans for an adequate civic auditorium
and cultural center In Washington. Legal
quibbling over who should issue the call
for the first meeting ought to be aban-
doned In favor Of concerted effort by all
concerned to get the commission organ
lied and functioning, despite lack Of an
appropriation. The undertaking is handi-
capped enough without adding to the
difficulties.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
An Aee-Old Problem

I thank The Star for pub
fishing the article october 3.
under the caption, Feel
Lonely? Want Ideas?" In this
article older persons are in-
vited to ask United Community
Services for q list Of 50 old
age clubs and the booklet,
Learn to Earn"
I am told that at least $50
responded to the invitation
and asked for these lists-cer-
tainly proving that our older
citizens want to know more
about resources for activity
and friendship.
I hope this kind Of informa-
ton will help to bring into the
now existing groups more In
dividuals whose personal time
schedules are drab, and who
need more dates" for enliv-
ening occupations. discussions.
and pastine hours with con-
genial groups Of friendly ac-
quaintances. Because I meet
with such q group. ] see what
il can do for its members.
Some day. maybe. Washing
ton will join with many other
civic-minded cities, and de-
velop clubhouse centers for its
oldsters.
Elizabeth w. Conrad.
Evening star., 1955-10-13

cisions have been made by
great men on fuzzy days, with
resulting woe to millions of
people.
The reading life deserves a
second blooming. and some-
times it gets 1t.
But not always.
Sometimes the avid reader
realizes that his reading powers
are waning.
What are some of the warn
ing signals?
When he finds It difficult to
finish a book
When he discovers himself
putting a book down and TAX
ing 1t up again without ade-
quate reason
When his very demand for
more and more books seems to
be disappearing
When books at last no longer
are his first love in life
Such a reader may know he
is ''in for it," in a sort of COM
bined spiritual-physical sense.
He is book-sick. and ought to
know it.
Where or who is the doctor
for this modern disease?
Many persons. perhaps most,
suffer from it without realiz-
ing it. or even recognizing the
symptoms.
It is not a question Of any
second blooming for them.
They will have difficulty in
holding their own. But books
are so wonderful. so full of
life, that any effort in their
behalf is worth while. They,
too have their ups and downs,
as on shelves, but more, in
their human receptions. Some
remain for years unread, as
the novels of Henry James, to
suddenly come to life again,
i.e.. in the recent upsurge Of
interest in this great writer,
Every reader has q chance
to assess himself, as a reader,
and to decide wherein he fails.
He may do this as a young
man. or as a middle-aged one,
but it is particularly essential
and rewarding If he does 1t in
later life, when so many Of his
other activities are on the
Wane.
The mind wanes, but in a
peculiar way. 1t may be held
straighter to its high course
by a little effort in its behalf.
Then comes a beautiful Sec
ond blooming, we hope. May
be no one else will be inter-
ested. just as when a shrub in
the garden comes into flower
late in the season, nobody else
seems to find 1t particularly
noteworthy except its owner.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
Wild Geese Possoge

OUes the dark dutunnai hills
the moon
pours doWn her ancient flood
OF stlper rust,
and mountains that tDere
crimson fire By day,
BY midnight tighten into far
blue dust.
The mind has changed across
the quiet night,
and notD up starry space the
strange cry comes
out OF the north. NTH the high
sound OF iotngs
beating the zenith like 1p-
prodchin0 drums.
Southwnrd across the moon
the tDild geese iDedge
flies dark before the distant
ghost OF snotD.
Stretching their throdts and
cryinO, the great iuinos
pass
the dark hills. prophesying as
they 90.
Frances Frost
Evening star., 1955-10-13
Bald Statement

In This Week Magazine OF
October 9. an article, entitled
"The Decline and Fall Of Com
munist Whiskers." makes fun
Of whiskers. This seems to me
to be scraping the bottom Of
the fun barrel. Under the like
ness Of Russian leader Khrush-
chev is the caption, "The new
kingpin could be mistaken for
q pool ball.
At the risk of being called a
Red sympathizer, / say that
to indulge in personalities is
cheap. crude and dangerous.
This practice causes more
strife than any other one
thing.
We wouldn't like it q bit II
Russians published q picture
Of our President with a similar
caption.
Laura *. Pollock.
Evening star., 1955-10-13

Lie 6dtkC CdcC VI 11hppy
Chandler, Democratic nominee
for Governor Of Kentucky, has
been illuminated by Robert L.
Riggs, Washington correspond
ent Of the Louisville Courier
journal, in the current issue Of
the Saturday Evening Post. Ac-
cording to Mr.. Riggs--and to
others who know Happy-his
target for years has been the
White House, and still is.
That being so. II Chandler is
elected Governor, the already
mixed race for the Democratic
presidential nomination Of
1856 viii have an added and
spicy entry.
In Mr.. Riggs book, this Is
the third major effort Happy
Chandler has made for a hold
on the presidential nomina-
ton. The first was when he
tried to defeat Senator Alben
Barkley ~ then Democratic
leader Of the Senate-and
have himself elected to the
Senate. BY such q maneuver,
II he succeeded. Happy be-
lieved it would be- possible to
win a presidential nomination
in l940--when no one knew
whether Franklin D. Roose-
velt would go for a third term
or not. But Barkley beat him.
The second effort came in 1914
when Chandler was q mem
bef of the Senate. What he
wanted then was a nomination
for Vice President to run with
Roosevelt. trying for a fourth
term. He tried to have the
Kentucky delegation pledged
to him--but it was tied up to
Senator Barkley, and in the
end wound up voting for Harry
s. Truman. Mr.. Truman was
elected and became President
when Roosevelt died almost
Immediately. That, in the
mind and heart Of Happy
Chandler, was the most cruel
trick that fate and Kentucky
Democrats have so far played
him.
Tears Were Genuine
Mr.. Riggs has pictured the
former Governor, Senator and
baseball czar in one of his
weaker moments - regretting
this turn OF the wheel Of for
tune. Here's the dramatic in
cident as related by Mr.. Riggs:
1.-THE tears running from Hap
py Chambers eyes were genu-
inc, not the tailor-made kind
he turns on and of for OPEN
mouthed admirers. The sob
that choked him was not the
stage variety he has loosed
upon thousands of audiences.
The time was 10 years ago.
when Happy was the newly
appointed commissioner Of
baseball. He gazed forlornly
out Of the window Of my office
on the 12th floor Of the Nation
Evening star., 1955-10-13
THE POLITICAL MILL
|strunge Case Of Happy Chandler
BY GOULD LINCOLN

al Press Building. Between him
and the White House were the
Willard Hotel and the United
States Treasury, but his gaze
pierced those obstructions Of
brick, mortar and stone. In
his mind, he was watching an
inexperienced Missouriah fum-
BILE his presidential chores.
albert BENJAMIN Chandler
turned from the window and
said. IF it hadn't been for
three Kentuekians, I'd be sit
ting in the White House now.
II Wilson Wyatt, Keen john
son and Mark Ethridge hadn't
fought me last summer, the
State convention would have
indorsed me instead OF Bark
ley. for Henry Wallace's Job.
I'd be President instead Of
Harry Truman because would
have got the vice presidency"
Again, Happy Chandler is
driving toward his goal, hoping
to use the goyernorship Of
Kentucky as q stepping stone.
He has been successful al
ready to an extent surprising
and almost miraculous. For he
won the gubernatorial nomi-
nation against tremendous
odds. Lined up against him
were both Kentucky Senators,
the Governor and the State
Democratic organization with
some exceptions. Day by day,
too, the Louisville Courier
Journal tore a bit of his hide
off-or tried to. But Happy
beat their candidate with a
lead somewhere around 10000
votes.
Hated by Some
On November 3 he win face
the Republican candidate for
Governor. Edwin Denney, who
resigned his job as United
States District Attorney for
Eastern Kentucky to make the
race. Happy's only danger lies
in the bitter hatred many Of
the States Democrats have for
him. II he wins, he'll be top
dog. II he carries out pledges
made in the primary cam
paign.. Happy will sink his
knife in Senator Earle C.
Clements. who has been acting
Democratic leader of the SEN
ate in the absence Of Senator
Lyndon johnson of Texas,
Clements comes up for renomi.
nation and reelection next
year. Clements and other Dem
ocrats must make up their
minds whether they prefer to
see Happy elected Governor
or the Republican Denney.
A winning Happy will give
the Stevenson and Hartman
camps something to think
about-if only to get a line on
the Kentucky delegation to
the 1856 Democratic National
Convention.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
Freedoms S BuIwork

The annual Freedom House Award
has gone this year, very fittingly, to
former Prime Minister Churchill Of Brit
ain. And Sir Winston, in accepting the
honor, has sent to New York a message
eloquently re-emphasizing fact that
cannot be stressed too often or too
strongly that the safety and
peace Of the world depend largely on
"the essential and fundamental unity of
the English-speaking people"
This is so for the simple reason that
Britain and the United States, which
share a common heritage of language, law
and political philosophy, are the key
stone powers Of the free world. Little or
no imagination is needed to visualize what
would happen If they dissolved their
partnership. In Sir Winston's words, AT
all times when America and the British
Commonwealth have stood together,
things have gone more or less right for
us. Whenever we have drifted apart in
the present century we have met with
calamity" And quite obviously, If there
were such drifting apart now, the At
lantic alliance would disintegrate, and
each of Its members-including our own
country-would become gravely vulner-
able to one-at-a-time destruction by the
Communist empire.
That is why the great former Prime
Minister has been particularly emphatic
In declaring the closest possible Anglo
American cooperation must be MAIN
tanned as the indispensable foundation
Of Western unity and strength. And that
is why he has warned at the same time
that no improvement in the international
situation-least Of all mere Soviet amia-
bility-should be allowed to dissipate that
unity and strength, for any development
of that kind would surely lead sooner or
later to catastrophe such as mankind
has never known" The warning is very
much to the point, and it should be kept
constantly in mind by all the free nations.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
What Price Education?

The Star recently published
O letter from Alex Hancock,
director Of finance for Mont
gomery County. to q father
who complained Of . high tax
bill. Evidently Mr.. Hancock
wrote the letter In the hope
of intimidating others who
might intend to complain
about their taxes, and thus
reduce the complaint load on
his office. Mr.. Hancock's let
ter contains only half the
truth.
He sought TO shame this
father. described as q gripping
taxpayer" by telling him his
taxes are way less than the
cost Of educating his children.
Mr.. Hancock neglects to in
form that lavish school spend
ing is the result Of Q vigorous
campaign TO deliberately raise
school spending. He knows
that the National Citizens
Commission for the Public
Schools. Q New York City or
ganization, Is directing local
officers Of the PTA In urging
this spending. This society,
which includes many leading
liberals. is supplying printed
instructions to PTA officers
containing q master-minded
system Of getting total re-
source support" for the schools.
This means bleeding, the last
dollar out Of everyone. as am
ply shown by the literature. The
kind of elaborate program of
national advertising and d.
rection these liberals are carry
ing on costs real money. They
list as financial supporter "The
Fund for the Republic" On
October 8. Senator Bricker
said Of this organization. in q
speech at Atlantic City: ats
purpose in life Is to criticize
those who are critical Of COM
munism."
So there's the missing data
that Mr.. Hancock left out Of
his letter TO the gripping tax
payer"
Most folks feel that II does
not need to cost as much to
educate children in Montgom-
cry County as the Board Of
Education is charging.
Robert C. Stedman.
Evening star., 1955-10-13

the hnal phase being dissolution Of q
Trojan Horse" Communist government
set up In the northern province Of Azer-
baijan. On occasions since, the Teheran
government has taken repressive action
against Communist political activity
within the country and has defied pres
sures from Moscow. The decision made
now is in keeping with this pattern Of
courageous effort to preserve the coun-
try's freedom.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES (. TRAcEWELL

Second blooming among the
flowers and shrubs is always
interesting.
Every home gardener wh6p
has such q phenomenon thinks
he has something very rare.
AS a matter Of fact, the same
thing Is going on in his next
door neighbor's yard. and
across the street, and in the
next block, and all around the
town. too.
Spirea and weigela in Sep
tember showed blossoms for
the second time this year.
Among flowers which should
have bloomed earlier, but
didn't. were the hardy asters
and dwarf marigolds.
\ + 4
Rarities that are not rari-
ties. perhaps, but nevertheless.
very interesting in ones own
garden,
1t is the same way with the
birds.
Evening grosbeaks that come
to the foot of the street, but
not into our own yard, are no
more interesting than If they
had been seen half q city away.
The personal touch is lack
ing.
This is the touch known to
all people who do things. To
"go places and do things" in
recent vernacular. meant q
rather useless waste of time,
many think. but actually the
phrase has its good points.
Particularly, If going places
means into the home garden,
and if doing things means to
read books, or listen to music.
4 4 y
Intense physical activity was
meant in the original use of
the phrase.
It may be modified.
Not every one, surely, has to
be wild-eyed and rarin' to 20.
Fit as a Fiddle and Ready
for Love" was the title Of one
Of the jazz songs Of recent
years.
Sometimes one has to be At
for reading.
Especially after middle and
old age come on.
There is a popular belief
that the mind. in an ordinary
life, never suffers any setbacks.
This Is one Of the myths Of
a school-ridden era.
The human mind has its ups
and downs. just the same as
muscles and bones.
No one thinks alike, all the
time. One day. the old think
tank is in good order. The
very next. 1t may be fuzzy in
its outlines and conceptions.
No doubt many historic de-
Evening star., 1955-10-13

are carried only in the New
York and Los Angeles service
areas. Helicopters are used
largely for carrying mail.
@. What is meant by ''func-
tionalisrn" in architecture?
r. w. r.
A. The theory that a buildr
ing should be planned In ac-
cordance with its function.
Sometimes described as "ar-
chitecture without columns"
functionalism is visible in the
plain blocks Of apartment
buildings. offices, and stores
all over the country.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
Conflict Of Views

In O recent letter TO Tne
Star, under the heading RE
jects Message" Warren @.
Morse rejects and denounces
the radio message Of the ADJ
vertising Council urging lis
teners to "Go to Church on
Sunday" The theme Of this
message is that the family that
worships together. stays to-
gether. This I completely in
dorSe.
Although ! disagree with
almost everything Mr.. Morse
said, I am glad ! read his letter
for several reasons. It demon
strates that our American
freedom Of speech gives q man
the right to say what he wants
to say, whether or not there is
truth In what he says For in
stance, Mr.. Morse, in effect,
uses the old familiar argument
that Christianity has failed.
The truth is that it has never
failed for those who have really
accepted 1t. How could Chris
tianity have failed when. on
the whole. 1t hasn't even been
tried?
Mr.. Morse closed with q
counterslogan to the religious
message of the Advertising
Council, to which ! would like
to offer this counter-counter-
slogan: Turn of your ego,
open up your mind and let in
the light--the light Of truth.
And the truth shall make you
free"
william E. Spicer.
Who Is Warren q. Morse to
say that such social ills as iu-
venile delinquency. drug addic-
tioQ and sex crimes would not
be prevented had these unloved
ones the benefit of the care in
their formative years Of per-
sons acquainted with the
power Of the doctrine Of
Christi / have seen juvenile
hoodlums turn into good citi-
zens because a few real Chris
tians cared for them when they
needed help.
Two thousand years of
Christian education is the
foundation Of our American
law and customs, Of which Mr..
Morse is a beneficent receiver.
Our accepted ethical and
moral standards, of which he
approves, originated In spirit
ual and religious copcepts.
Georgia 81. John.
Evening star., 1955-10-13

O. Will you please give the
words of Reinhold Niebuhr's
Wisdom in Praying?"
III. E. N.
A. 20 God, grant us the
serenity to accept what can
not be changed. The courage
to change what can be
changed. and the wisdom to
know one from the other.
Amen"
@. What cities have regu-
lar helicopter traffic? --E. B. u.
A. New York. Chicago and
Los Angeles. but passengers
Evening star., 1955-10-13
LETTERS TO THE STAR

Pen names may be used n
letters carry sDriteys correct
names and addresses. All
letters are subject to conden-
sdtion.
Evening star., 1955-10-13
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
By THE HASKIN SERVICE

ro rssas, can ansHs S mai u Sys,on y gsins
&c cent? ocsss. " " " ~
The frontiersman., 1955-09-22
Accident Victims Family Leaves for Sfateside Funeral

The family of Raymond Wag- ner, who lost his life in an air plane accident September II, left their home in Sutton late last week to return to the former home in Emily, Minnesota.
 Funeral Services were to be held there this week for Wag- ner, a World War II veteran, rel gently employed by the Minor Roop Coal Company. He came to this area four or five years ago to work on constr, Stion of the Eklutna Project
 Surviving the deceased are his wife, Elsie; four daughters, Sher- Til Jane, Janette Sue, Joanne Carol, and Debra Rae; and his father, Frank w. Wagner of Em- fly, Minnesota.
The frontiersman., 1955-09-22

Palmer football fans will be traeated to at least one local football game this year when the Palmer Moose team will take on the Anchorage Eagles at the Fair Grounds stadium The date is Saturday, October l,
 In decision reached by school officials of the two schools late last week, 1t was decided that two games would be played this year: one in Palmer and one in Anchorage. In the Palmer game, Anchorage's line will be limit ed to ten reserves and the var sity quarterback, Jay Walker, This restriction stemmed from an attempt by officials to even up the squads and compensate somewhat for the much longer practice advantage enjoyed by the Eagles. The Anchorage team has been practicing steadily since August 15; the Palmer team, for only two weeks. Also, the much greater enrolment of Anchorage High-1500 against 185 in Palmer considered a handicap for the smaller school.
The frontiersman., 1955-09-22
MOOSE ELEVEN TO MEET ANCHORAGE EAGLES IN LOCAL GAME OCTOBER 1

Members of Coach Norman Rousey's squad enjoyed prac- tice scrimmage with the visit ing Huntsville (Texas) Hornets, winners of the first Santa Claus Bowl game in Anchorage last Saturday. Rousey expressed modest opinion of the showing made by the local boys against the practiced visitors, but the experience, he declared, was in valuable. Anchorage observers were impressed with the Moose players.
 Coach Rousey revealed this week the names of 21 players who may be observed every afternoon getting workout for the coming game They are: Robert Barry, Paul Campbell, Norman Stadem, Richard Free man, Ronald Aklestad, Jack WOr- ledge, Neil Hermon, Steve Ham ilt9n, Charles Baugh, Mac Gales hoff, Jack Nelson, Mickey Leek, Larry Trowbridge, Ray Felix, John Mears, George Pearson, Dean Parks, John Pearson, TooS- hie Pearson, Fred Loyer, and John Maze.