davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1955-02-15

their morale. If there was no i'm
minent danger of an attack OH
Formosa. Officials here have
long since given up any idea that
Chang. five years after his
mainland defeat. can attack and
upset the Red regime.
Three Eventualities.
Our belief is that Chiang's S
100000 men can only play a role
against the China Reds in one
of three eventualities:
l. In case of factional war
among the Communist mainland
leaders.
2. In case of revolution
among the Chinese people.
3. In case Red China starts a
I general Asian war by new at
tacks in Korea or 1ndo-China.
For one of these eventualities
we want Chiang's force preserved
and. under current Washington
policy, we would settle for 4
cease-f1re that inferentially rec
ognized two Chinas," one on
Formosa and another on the
mainland.
Concern Over War.
While it can be said that the
Eisenhower administration poll
cymakers still doubt that Red
China will invite a real war by
attacking ,Formosa, it must be
added that they are not so con-
f1dent as they were six months
ago. -..- ....
Washington has been i'm
pressed by testimony from nem-
bers of the British Labor Party
and others recently returned
from Red China. They report
that Chou En-lai is willing to
sacrifice up to 250.000 lives in a
probably forlorn attack on the
grounds that it would pay divi-
dends by speeding the Commu-
mist unif1cation of the mainland
and dividing America from Brit
ain and others of its allies who
oppose any fighting to defend
Chang.
If that is Chou En- -lai's think
ing, he will get the United States
war he asks for by attacking For
mosa, Quemoy or the Matsis in
stead of negotiating.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
700 Texans Roar Approval
| As Martin Praises Eisenhower

National Committeeman Jack
Porter of Houston and Repre-
sentative Bruce Alger of Dallas,
Texas only Republican Con-
gresham, for efforts he said
would eventually make Texas a
tWo-party State.
Points to Party Record.
Then he told the crowd:
l. Republicans wiped out eco
nomic controls, settled the tide
lands dispute. ended the Korean
war. and abolished Government
agencies that competed with
private business.
2. That his party created the
Health. Education and Welfare
Department and selected the
best-looking cabinet officer in
history"-Mrs. Oyeta Culp Hobby
OF HouSton-to run it.
3. That the Republicans in
tended to keep the United States
so strong militarily and econom-
ically that no foreign power
would dare attack us.
4. That Red China could be
polished off in 80 days" and
that the Red plotters will re-
sort to arms only if they are
sure they can win"
He said the Reds knew they
could not win. that the United
States would not dilute" It's an
nounced policy to defend For
moSa and added:
We will not be coerced into
abandoning the free world to
servitude and poverty"
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Italian Navy to Aid in Dredging
For Atheniun Fleet Disaster

for l19 ships of the fleet of 134
triremes which Alcibiades, the
Athenian. led against the Cor
inthian-founded colony of Sira-
cusa.
The Athenians foresaw defeat
but delayed their retreat because
of superstition until after the
moon eclipse of August y, Alb
B. c. Before they could get
away, the Siracusans trapped
them by anchoring old hulks
across the harbor mouth and
linking them together with
chains. All but Is of the Athen-
ian warships were sunk. In a
subsequent land defeat Demos
themes and his 5000 Athenians
were decimated.
Many historians have called
the sinking of the fleet of dis
aster" the beginning of the end
OF Athenian power.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
BY the Associated Press

SYRACUSE, Sicily, Feb. 15.--
An enthusiastically minded Brit
ish consul and the Italian Navy
are going to try this spring to
recover ll9 sunken ships from
one of the greatest naval de-
featS of all history-that suf-
fered by Alcibiades 1888 years
ago.
Dredging for the ancient
Athenian Triremes is planned
near Oritgia Island, at the en-
trance to this bay. British
Consul Arthur Baker pinpointec
the site last summer by fishing
up bits of ancient Greek pottery
and equipment.
He will be Joined in underseas
explorations also by Sicily's SUI
perintendency of antiquities. un-
der direction of Prof. Luigi Bar
nabo Brea. They are searching
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Godfrey ContempIates
Second Hip Operation
BY the Associated Press

MIAMI BEACH, Fla, Feb. IS
Arthur Godfrey says he is
contemplating a second opera
ton on his hip IF I am ever
to walk again without pain.
The TV star is spending a
week at a hotel here which he
owns.
Asked about recent reports
that he would undergo another
operation, Mr.. Godfrey said:
For a long time I have been
turning over in my mind the
possibility that l might have
such an operation. If / am ever
to walk without pain, such an
operation is necessary. How
ever. there's nothing definite
right now"
Mr.. Godfrey underwent the
first operation in a Boston hos
pital in May. 1858.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Two Women CHARGED
With Hatpin Staying

| Two women were charged with
homicide yesterday in the death
of Richard T. Glover, father Of
one of the suspects. who was
tabbed with a hatpin.
The 45-year-old construction
worker died early Saturday of
internal bleeding. The coroner's
office said the pin punctured a
main artery.
Mr.. Glover, colored, of GOT Vir-
ginia avenue Sc, walked around
and attended a party for several
hours, unaware he was bleeding
to death.
Mrs. Thelma M. Black, "a, Mr..
Glover's daughter. and Martha
Mae Allen, a.. colored, both of
the Virginia avenue address,
were charged with homicide and
held for a coroner's inquest to-
day.
Police said the women adj
mitted arguing with Mr.. Glover
late Friday.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Searchers for Plane
Lost With 29 Sight
Wreckage on Peak
--AP Wirephotos.
BY the Associated Press

VITERBO, italy, Feb. 15.-An
American plane searching for a
Belgian airlirer missing since
| Sunday night with 30 persons
| aboard reported sighting wreck
| age today on a mountain so
miles northeast of Viterbo. The
pilot added he saw no sign of
life.
Officials said they were not
certain the wreckage was that of
the DC-6 airliner which van
ished with 81 passengers, includ-
ing 4 Americans, and a crew of
8, on a flight from Brussels to
the Belgian Congo. Among the
passengers was a former resident
of Alexandria. Va, and Marcella
Mariani, Miss Italy, of 1853.
Patrols were sent Immediately
to climb Mount Vettore, a $500
foot peak in the central Ap-
penine highlands. s@
Earlier the searchers said
there was virtually no hope left
for the persons aboard the plane.
The former Alexandrian, Paul
Leroy of Lake Hiawatha, N. j.,
once lived at SIS Fort drive, ac-
cording to Mrs. Eugene Ramras
of 500 KnollWood drive, Alexan-
dria.
Mr.. Leroy. she said last night.
had spent two years, up until
last summer. as geologist with
the Bear Creek Mining Co.,
whose offices were at 3l02 North
Tenth road. Arlington. Mrs.
RamraS said she was Office
manager of the firm at the
time.
Mr.. Leroy. she said, had a
doctorate in philosophy. He had
attended Iona Preparatory
School in New Rochelle, N. Y,
and also Columbia University,
she added.
A native of Belgium, he was
a naturalized American citizen,
and had served with the United
States Air Force during World
War II. He and his wife have
two children.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Hayden
CONTINUED From First Page.)

NSSAAtkAAANA l. 1OAAl Z ~ 0J I d6CC
United States Asiatic Fleet on
guard over the 200-mile sea
route to Formosa.
Thus was born the decision to
evacuate Chiang's men from the
Tachens but to give the retreat
a coloration of strategic re
grouping" by telling the world
through a Congress-approved
resolution that the United States
would defend Formosa, the Pes
cadores and other related
areas" Today Quemoy and the
Matsus are the related areas
the United States will also de-
fend.
Seek Role for British.
The question as to what kind
of cease-f1re guarantee Red
China could give which would
cause Washington to withdraw
its protection from the offShore
lSIandS is answered here by a
statement that we would accept
a pledge negotiated by Britain
with the Red Chinese and backed
up by British promise to join
us in the Formosan defense if
the Reds broke their word. Brit
ish officials, bitterly disappoint-
ed when Peiping upset their firm
prediction that Chinese Commu-
nists would accept a u. N. cease
fire plan, are now working on
this alternative.
And what would happen to
Chinese Nationalist morale if
Quemoy and the Matsus were
surrendered as part of a cease
fire deal?
The Washington answer is
that we would not care about
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Man Finally Makes Diamonds,
At Twice Cost of Natural Ones

and expectation I removed the
crystal from its surroundings,
and tried one of its sharp points
on sapphire, silicon carbide, and
boron carbide. The diamond
could call it now, easily scratched
all three" .-
/ OF fundamental Importance
was the work of DR.. Hall. who
/ extended DR.. Bundy's initial
high-pressure work and devel-
oped the belt" a chamber en-
abling GE scientists to maintain
for the first time temperatures
above 5000 degrees Fahrenheit
at pressures in excess of Sis
million pounds per square inch.
This pressure is roughly
equivalent to the squeeze"
physical scientists have COM
puted for pounds 240 miles be-
meath the earth's surface. Us
ing this equipment late last year,
DR.. Hall developed process that
produces diamonds in matter
of minutes. DR.. Halls diamonds
are smaller, but are often pro-
duced in solid clusters. Single
runs have produced up to l 10 of
a carat.
Today. members Of the press
saw the equipment in operation
making diamonds by the Hall
and Wentorf processes. The
many variations of color, clarity,
and crystallnity found in natu-
raj diamonds have been observed
in the GE man-made crystals.
To confirm the results, two in
dependent teams of scientists
from other departments in the
laboratory have repeated the
experiments of Drs. Hall and
Wentorf. in each case with sue
cess. All in all, the various
processes for making diamonds
have been repeated successfully
more than 100 times.
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Pope Plus BIesses Crowd
From Vatican Window
By the Associofed Press

VATICAN CITY, Feb. 15.--
Pope Plus XII appeared in the
window of his third-floor Vatican
study today to bless a crowd in
st. Peters Square. 1t was his
first public appearance since his
grave collapse December 2. "a
The 78-year-old pontiff re-
manned in the window for three
minutes as several thousand per-
sons in the big square cheered. /.
Just before his appearance the
Pope, who has been slowly but
steadily regaining his strength,
concluded a 75-minute audience
with Clemente Cardinal Micara,
his vicar for Rome. :
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Military
Continued From First Page.>

lican, of Pennsylvania said the
plan looks like phrasing univer-
sal military training with selec-
tive service"
Mr.. Burgess ran into this line
of questioning after telling the
subcommittee that the admin
istration's program contemplates
some sort of military obligation
for all qualified young men. He
said that in the proposed leg
islation there is no escape
route"
Subcommittee members began
/ firing questions at Mr.. Burgess
after the Pentagon official gave
a 5O-minute explanation of the
bill illustrated by charts thrown
on a screen.
Mr.. Price brought up the ques-
ton of compulsory service in the
reserves for combat veterans and
those with lengthy service in the
armed forces.
Screening Planned.
Mr.. Burgess said such veterans
would be screened as quickly as
possible into the standby re-
serves, but he added that if some
of them should be "recalcitrant"
about discharging their reserve
obligations they would be sub
ject to discharges less than hon.
orable.
Mr.. Price suggested this would
make combat veterans. even with
four or five years of combat ex-
perience, subject to the "whim"
of some local reserve officer.
MI. Burgess said such dcci-
sion would be made by proper
boards" but Mr.. Price retorted
Evening star., 1955-02-15
z Witnesses Testify
As Defense Opens
In Nugent's S Trial
By the Asseeioied Press

FORT SILL, Okla. Feb. Is
The defense today presented two
witnesses previously used by the
prosecution in an attempt to re-
fute Army charges that Maj.
Ambrose H. Nugent collaborated
with the enemy while prisoner
of war in Korea.
Two veteran master sergeants
were the leadoff witnesses as
Maj. Nugent's general court
martial entered the fourth week
after the Army rested its case
Friday when 4 of Is collabora-
tion counts were dismissed.
Calvin c. Creeson of Winston
Salem, N. c., and Harvey F..
Bailey of Amarillo, Tex, both
testified concerning surrender
leaflets to which Maj. Nugent is
accused Of lending his signature
and photograph.
Identifies Leaflet.
Sergt. CreeSon identified a
surrender leaf1et offered in evi-
dence by the defense as similar
to one he previously identified
for the prosecution. He said the
leaflet. which called for the
United States Oath Division to
turn your guns back against
the capitalist monopolists," was
similar to several which the Reds
had shown him but which he
refused to sign.
Sergt. Bailey then identified
his own signature attached to
the surrender leaflet, as one that
he had put on a blank piece
of paper along with Maj. Nugent
and four other POWs. ..
He said he signed the paper
about July Z or 8, 1850, at the
demand of his captors when they
became enraged because of an
American air raid on Seoul, then
in Communist hands.
Tells of Death Threat.
Sergt. Bailey testified the
North Korean officer in charge
of the prisoners threatened to
kill everyone in the building,
which he said housed SO POWs.
Maj. Robert E. Hough, chief
defense counsel, then placed the
leaflet in evidence and said he
would show that the North Ko-
reans collected the signatures,
then put them to whatever prop
aganda uses they desired.
Maj. Hough told the court
martial board of nine colonies
that he would show by testimony
and evidence that Mai. Nugent,
a 45-year-old career officer from
Merrill. Wis, co-operated with
the enemy only to save the lives
of fellow prisoners.
Evening star., 1955-02-15

that the decision would be based
on the recommendations of one
man. His experience. Mr.. Price
added, showed that it is difficult
to get such recommendations
overturned.
II am for the general purpose
OF this bill" Mr.. Price said, but
l don't like that feature. It
seems to contain the seeds of a
military Dictatorship"
Subcommittee Chairman
Brooks, Democrat, of Louisiana,
interrupted to say:
I'VE are going to study that
provision very careuflly."
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Senator Smith Sees
End in Sight for
'Psychosis Of Fear
BY the Associated Press

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 15.-
Senator Margaret Chase Smith
Republican. of Maine said today
the end is in sight for the ere
of the professional demagogue;
who question the Americanism o1
anyone who may disagree with
them"
"At long last the shining truth
about the false accusers, the
half-truth artists, the profess
sional fabricators, the prevari-
cators-for-pay :. is beginning
to break through the dark and
ugly clouds of doubt they have
so evilly blown up," she added.
Senator Smith mentioned no
names in her speech prepared
for delivery at commencement
exercises at Temple University,
where she was awarded an hon.
orary degree of doctor of litera-
ture. al IL,
Recalls Declaration"
Noting the nature of the de-
gree, Senator Smith, said, If I
have one literary achievement
. I suppose it is my declara-
ton of conscience which I made
in the Senate on June /, 1880"
The declaration of con-
science" was generally regarded
as having been directed at Sem
ator Mccarthy, Republican; of
Wisconsin. against whom she has
often spoken. .
She said she tried in that
speech to warn the Ameri-
can people against the evils of
extremism . that guilty people
should not be whitewashed and
innocent people should not be
Smeared."
At that time, she continued,
sour country was in the initial
stage of national sickness of
moral and mental paralysis in
which increasing numbers of
Americans were becoming men,
tai mutes-their voices stilled
and their courage cropped"
PSychOsis of Fear.
She said this dread national
sickness developed into a gal
loping psychosis of fear and
blind emotion" She said it
made mental mutes out of
seemingly courageous men in
the Senate" who. she added, pri-
vately admitted that they dare
not speak their minds publicly
. lest they commit political
suicide"
Last year, she said, was "the
climax of the unavoidable de-
lirium that our country was 60
ing through. First the ex-
tremists of both the left and the
right overextended themselves.
The people began to get fed up
and disguised with them.
Second. they were not able
to kill off politically the rare
few who continued to speak out
against them. Instead, demon
of support were made
by the people for those rare few.
. ~. Once the trend started, the
return road to reason and po-
lltical courage became heavy
with traffic"
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Conviction as Foruer
-.
Admitted by Witness
Al GrunewaId Trial
BY the Assoeiaied Press

NEW YORK, Feb. 15.-An ac-
countant testifying for the Gov
ernment in the Federal Court
fraud trial of Henry W. tThe
Dutchmam Grunewald and four
others, admitted under cross
examination yesterday that he
had been convicted of forgery
27 years ago.
The witness, Maurice Smith,
48. made the admission to Judge
Archie o. Dawson and a jury
under questioning by Jacob j.
Rosenbloom. attorney for one
of the defendants.
Smith, who broke down and
wept on the witness stand when
he told of his arrest for per-
jury in August, 1851, said the
forgery conviction occurred
when he was 81 years old and
he received a suspended SEN
tence.
Tells of False Affidavit.
Smith also testified that he
made out a false affidavit in late
1948. stating that as accountant
for the dress manufacturing firm
of Patullo Modes, Inc, he made
a voluntary disclosure" of the
firms evasion of tax payments
on 100000 income.
He said yesterday he actually
made the affidavit at the request
of Irving Davis, 49, an attorney
then representing the dress firm,
after being told by Mr.. Davis
that the firms officers and stock
holders otherwise would face
criminal prosecution for the
evasion.
Smith testified he was arrested
after three-day appearance be-
fore a congressional committee
which was looking into the eva
sion case At this point he broke
down and wept.
Smith testified he told the
truth about the affidavit when
questioned by Federal grand
jury in Brooklyn in 1852.
Is Not Defendant.
Smith. named as a Cocoon
spirator in the indictment
against Grunewald, is not de-
fendant.
Grunewald and the others are
charged with defrauding the |
Government of the honest serv-
ices of Internal Revenue en-
ployes by corrupting Federal |
officials in income tax matters.
Davis, also named in the /
Grunewald indictment as a de- |
fendant and co-conspirator, has
had his case severed.
TIE alleged tax evasion oc- |
Cured in 1912 through 1916. 1t !
was in May, 1947, Smith testi-
fed, that he was informed by an .
internal revenue agent of the !
firms off-the-record sales. /
Evening star., 1955-02-15
By Thomos R. Henry
Star Sfoff Correspondent

SCHENECTADY, N. Y. Feb
15.-Man-made diamonds, the
climax to a 125-year effort tc
duplicate natures hardest ano
most glamorous substance, were
displayed here today for the first
time.
Scientists of the General Elec-
tric Research Laboratory exhib-
| tied tiny diamonds made from a
carbon material subjected to ex-
treme pressures and tempera-
lures. The largest stone meas
ured 1/16 of an inch in longest
dimension.
In announcing what he termed
lone of the landmarks in mans
search for knowledge about his
world" DR.. C. Guy Suits, vice
president of General Electric,
warned: ANY conclusion We are
about to make diamonds of a
size and quality suitable for gem
use is decidedly premature" !"
Diamonds for jewelry must have
special characteristics of size,
color and crystal perfection. The
cost of the man-made product
also is about twice that of the
natural stones.
"On the other hand" he add
ed, IF the present high cost of
making diamonds by the GE
processes can be reduced, the
primary application of man
made diamonds will probably be
in industrial tools for cutting
and polishing Diamonds of
any quality, regardless of size
'and colorTincluding diamond
dust-are useful in industry.
The crystals displayed here to-
day are not limitation" dia-
monds or "diamond-like." They
are purely and simply diamonds,
exactly the same as are taken
from mines of South Africa and
the Belgian Congo.
The hardest substance known
to man, diamonds are mined at
the rate of about 2l2 tons an
nually. Approximately 80 per
cent are imported by the United
States. Of the diamonds of in
dustrial grade, some are stock
piled for defense purposes, but
the major portion goes into
tools that cut, saw or polish
other hard materials. For in
dustrial diamonds purchased in
a typical year, the United States
paid more than $50 million.
According to DR.. A. L. Mar
shall, manager of the labora-
tory's chemistry department, the
GE diamonds were positively
identified by x-ray inspection,
chemical examination and hard
ness tests. Under hardness
tests the GE diamonds proved
capable of scratching anything,
even other diamonds.
Thus the GE diamonds are
the first man-made substance to
scratch other diamonds.
Making diamonds was the re-
suit of more than four years OF
intensive research by laboratory
scientists. The ones responsible
for the project were Drs. Francis
P. Bundy. H. Tracy Hall, Her.
bert M. Strong and Robert Wen
tori.
In DR.. Strong's process, a car
bonaceous compound was sub
jected for many hours to a
measured pressure some $500
times greater than atmospheric
troughly 100000 pounds per
square inch>.
After opening the pressure
chamber" said DR.. Strong, land
while attempting to polish the
now solidified matrix, there ap-
peared what we were seeking, a
core of superhard matter that
refused to wear away under the
action of the polishing wheel.
With considerable excitement
Evening star., 1955-02-15
Atlontic Is CuImer

BOSTON.-The Atlantic Ocean
is considered calmer than the
Pacific although it has waves
up to so feet high. The Pacific
affords a greater sweep for the
winds. ...-..