davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
OurFreed Flyers

The President may have overstated
the case a bit when he said that the en-
tire country would hail with Joy" the
release of II American airmen imprisoned
by the Chinese Communists since jan
uary IL, 1858. For the feeling which this
action evokeS is not exactly one of Joy.
1t is, rather, a sense of qualification that
these men and their families can at last
be reunited, plus certain hopefulness
resulting from the fact that the Reds
have finally done something they should
have done long ago.
The Communists heretofore have de-
Tended their refusal to release these men
In accordance with the terms of the Ko-
rean armistice on the ground that they
were spies. They claimed that Colonel
Arnold, senior officer of the BIO crew,
was wandering around in Manchuria-
across the Yalu-when taken into Gus
tody. Our own officials have stoutly
denied all of this insisting that the B-29
was shot down while engaged in a rou-
tine leafiet-dropping mission over North
Korea.
Assuming this to be correct, it Is
clear CIlaC Tie NL1IlcSc are uOG cI1tASASO
to any pats on the back for releasing
the men whom they have been holding
in violation of their own solemn agree
ment. Not by any stretch Of the imagi-
nation does it signify that the bad
Chinese Communists have suddenly be-
come good Chinese Communists.
Still, one must assume that this was
not an aimless or purposeless maneu-
yer by the Chinese. They had reasons
Of their own for what they have done
and we need not listen to the claptrap
that it is some sort OF willy plot to pull
the wool over the eyes Of our easily be-
unused officials. The chances are that
the Chinese acted in the hope that it
will lead to some improvement in their
own position. And If they will take one
step they may take others-such as the
release of the American civilians in their
hands. At any rate, to MAKE minimum
estimate, the release of these flyers amply
justihes a patient and serious effort on
our part to find out what the Chinese
Communists really want-what they are
willing to give up and what they expect
to get in return.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Barrier to Initiation

The stiffening of credit terms for Fed
eral mortgage guarantees Is a logical
exercise of Government judgment and
authority in the current economic situa-
ton. The sharp expansion of personal
debt in the past year has become mat
ter of increasing concern to Government
officials and it is significant that both
Secretary Of Treasury Humphrey and
Chairman Burns of the Presidents Coun-
Gil of Economic Advisers have, during the
past fortnight, urged prudence" in such
borrowing. The Federal Reserve Board
and the Comptroller of the Currency
also have indicated they intend to watch
most carefully the installment credit
loans of banks.
A very large portion of the bullying
private debt is for housing-encouraged
by the favorable terms of FHA-insured
loans, particularly to veterans. 1t is these
terms that are being stiffened moderately
mountaineering the allowable length of
mortgages from 80 to Is years and in
creasing by percent the required
down payment. In the case of veterans,
up to now allowed to buy an FILA
covered house without any down pay
ment there must be a minimum of
percent deposit.
The construction industry, with home
building figuring largely, has marked
up some of the most spectacular records
In the current period of prosperity Co
ing into the second half of 1855 there
were no signs of abating activity, but,
according to Government spokesman,
there are signs Of material shortages
and an upward trend in prices that could
contribute TO another round of unwanted
imitation. Taking steps which might
apply light brake to the building boom
requires a certain degree of political
determination. The longer term effect.
however, should be good for the national
economy without imposing any severe
immediate hardship on home builders or
buyers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
THE POLITICAL MILL
President Has No Real Rival for Sc
BY GOULD LINCOLN

Since the Geneva four-power,
at-the-summit conference, pol
iticians must rearrange their
thinking about an Eisenhower
presidential candidacy next
year. Those who have believed
and contended the President
will not run again find their
position untenable. Those who
have hoped and believed Mr..
Eisenhower will seek a second
term gain great encourage
ment.
For President Eisenhower
has become, in the eyes Of his
own countrymen, in the eyes
Of the Western and non Com
munist world. and perhaps
even in the eyes Of the Com
munist world. a greater figure
than ever before, a leader in
the crusade for peace. There
fore, it has become virtually
impossible for him to decline
to run and to retire into the
background.
The Presidents achieve
ments at the. Geneva confer
ence which included the
creation of a new atmosphere
in exchanges between the
West and the East and also
created a conviction that the
United States is seeking only
peace and not a war with the
Communist nations-were due
in the main to his ability to
show an honesty Of purpose,
a sincerity that impressed not
only the heads of governments
with whom he met, but also
the world. His dramatic ap-
peal to the rulers of the Krem-
lin for full disclosure of all
ornaments, by the United
States and by Soviet Russia,
with continuing full inspection
by each of the others might.
whether it is ever accepted or
not, was the most convincing
step yet taken to assure the
Communists this country
wants peace-not war. 1t has
been reported again and again
that Soviet Russia has ex-
pected and feared the United
States would become a leader
in a war, military or economic.
to destroy its government.
Under Mr.. Eisenhower, the
Soviet leaders must now
realize. this will not occur.
Such a war will materialiZe
only II Russia seeks it.
1t is entirely unlikely that
the American people will wish
to substitute another Presi-
dent for Mr.. Eisenhower, with
this search for world peace on
the move but still uncompleted.
No one in the Democratic
Party - or the Republican
Party-would have either the
prestige among other nations
or their good will to the extent
that President Eisenhower has
it. Nor do any Of the posi-
bilities" have the capacity and
ability for leadership possessed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02

by Mr.. Eisenhower. He has
never deviated from the line
he laid down when he first
became President - a search
for. peace with justice and o
firm determination to build
the defenses Of the United
States and its allies to q point
where an aggression by the
Communist powers would be
suicidal for them.
He has gone forward without
bombast both toward peace
and toward strong military
defenses. There have been
anxious moments-and may be
more in the future-but stead
lily the picture has been drawn
for all the world to see. While
the President has warned
again and again that too much
must not be expected from the
recent Geneva conference, the
world has gained hope that
peace may continue for q
considerable period-certainly
long enough for the leaders on
both sides to assay the prob
able result Of a new world con-
fiict and to find some sub
stitute.
The time has not arrived
when this country can in any
way halt its program Of ma
tional defense. Nor does Pres
ident Eisenhower intend that
that shall happen. But at last
deeds" by the Communists
which the President has de-
manded as a show Of good
faith-are coming into be-
ing.
With his great personal
popularity, plus the need that
he continue as executive head
of the United States Govern
ment, it seems unlikely that
any candidate, of either party.
could defeat Mr.. Eisenhower
next year. The President has
the great prosperity Of the
country today also on his side.
The dismal claims of some Of
the Democratic leaders in
1852 that an Eisenhower cleo
ton would send the country
into a depression have been
muted, although some of them
and their labor union allies
continue to predict hard times
under Republican rule. For q
long time, the Democrats
pitched their national cam
paigns on the theme that the
American people never had
1t so good" and that to
change the party in power
would be to invite disaster
economically. 1t has not hap
pened. It would be less than
human. therefore, II the
G. o. P. does not 60 into 1856
COP. does not go into the
1856 campaign with a similar
cry-"You never had 1t so
good"
Some call it Eisenhower
luck. It's far more than that.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Lenin Quoted

The meeting at the sum-
nit" is now history. and in
evaluating the results it seems
to be the consensus that Pres
ident Eisenhower did a bang
up job. He thoroughly con-
vinced his Russian confereeS
that he is a man OF peace and,
so long as he is President, no
provocation short of an at
tempt TO invade the United
States can induce us to 60 to
war.
Moscow will continue it's
campaign for a Communist
dominated world by boring
from within with renewed Wig
or, principally through its tool,
the United Nations. II the U. N.
creature. UNESCO, is s,'G3ess-
full in its efforts to fldoc-
trlnate our youth with tie So
cialist philosophy Of con2mu-
nism and Congress can be pre-
vailed upon to accept the So
called Covenant of Human
Rights" to replace our Bill of
Rights, then America will no
longer consist of 48 free and
independent States, but will
become merely one more sat
elite of Soviet Russia. Pres
ident Eisenhower and the Con-
gress should never forget that
the moduS operandi Of the
would-be world conquerers re-
mains the same today as when
first enunciated by Vladimir
Hitch Ulyanov tNicolai Lenin)
First we will take eastern
Europe, then the masses of
Asia, then we will encrcle the
United States, which will be
the last bastion Of capitalism.
We will not have to attack. 1t
will fall like an overripe fruit
into our hands"
1Id Raa eiionurv.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02

an imagination when one points out that
the floor of ones own house is in danger
of falling through, particularly that sec
ton of the floor leading to the refrigera-
tor door. But one knows the groove Is
there. 1t Is there as certainly as the dent
in the food budget. And there are
grooves elsewhere. They are not as deep,
but nonetheless they are grooves, worn by
countless youthful feet.
There would be feeling of warmth
II 1t were not countered by the draft from
the often-opened refrigerator door-in
knowing that ones house is considered
such good place to be. 1t is & source
of puzzlement that this should be so.
One is, on occasion, led to believe that
1t is fairly ordinary house with many
disadvantages. But this does not deter
the trooping in of countless feet, and
not all of the footsteps are familiar. They
are those of friends brought home be-
cause this particular house seems hand
lest when friends become thirsty or
hungry, or because 1t is known that one
will not object to the bringing home OF
friends. One wouldn't dare object, al
thought often has passed through ones
mind.
There is also the thought that it
would be pleasant to close ones own
house for a month and half for repairs,
but that is impossible One knows that
the visitors have not numbered million,
as they have at the White House. 1t only
seems that way.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
THIS AND THAT
By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL

What the average sunbather.
city style, does not stop to
realize is that the burning
strength Of the orb varies from
day to day.
One recent Sunday. the wal
lop the sun packed, in the
burning line. was at least four
times that of the day before.
yet to the naked eye the light
seemed the same.
One sun addict. who had
been tanned since March, was
completely fooled.
He remained in the sun
about one hour in the morn
ing and one hour in the after
noon, and that evening found
he was experiencing his first
real sunburn.
Hitherto. with the aid of a
good suntan lotion, he had
managed to sidestep the ef-
fects of burning.
He had tanned, that was all.
No peeling, no itching. just the
desirable cosmetic effects.
This Sundays sun seemed
no stronger than usual, but
for some scientific reason it
both burned and tanned.
Our sun addict was cha
grined to find that he had to
put lotion on to stop the
effects of burning.
What would have happened
to a person who. with white
skin, went into that sun for
8 hours?
He would have landed in a
hospital in all probability. for
a sunburn is a burn, nothing
more or less,
Today's attitude is simply
this, to get the tan without
the burn. But even with this
knowledge, one must be very
careful.
The moral OF this modern
city and suburban fable. We
believe, is this:
No matter how tanned you
are, use q suntan lotion.
If our friend had done this.
he would have got more tan.
not a burn that went light
through the tan.
AS everyone knows. there
are two sets of rays of different
lengths, one that tans, and one
that burns.
The idea Of suntan lotion
chemistry is to inhibit the
burning rays. let the tanning
rays through
While there is some benefit
from euntan in the way of
vitamin D, this is very small,
especially after one gets
tanned.
The real uses of Suntan are
cosmetic and inspirational.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02

Let the health benefits 90
where they please. Some
doctors think people shouldn't
think about their health, any
way.
1t is chemical. this suntan
business.
The tan keeps the rays out.
and therefore, to get more
tan. one must remain in the
sun longer and longer each
day.
This means that finally.
after three Of four months.
the sun worshiper would have
to give up his business and
Just remain In the sun, I'M
less he transferred to the
farming or fishing business.
The city addict, then, will
be resigned to watch his hard
won coating vanish little by
little as summer wanes. 1t is
the sun that is waning, but
still he must not let himself
be fooled by those days, such
as the hot Sunday. when
clouds and other manifesto
tions, or probably their lack,
let unusual burning powers
come through.
There is no fun or charm in
being burned, no matter the
cause.
Unfortunately, too many
people still do not seem to
understand that a burn from
the sun is just the same as a
burn from gasoline or the
kitchen stove, or hot water.
In using a lotion or cream Of
some kind. the oily materials
in it take the worst effect OF
the burning, thus saving the
skin beneath.
This is q simple explanation
Of what happens when a we'll
applied suntan lotion or oil
let's one tan without peeling or
itching.
The itching Of a real sun
burn is perhaps the worst
feature.
1t is significant that in re-
cent years the old word SUM
burn" has been replaced with
"suntan. This means that
more people are getting tanned
without the burn.
So do not, for heavens sake
and that of your precious skin.
let yourself become lobster COL
ored, when you really don't
have to run such a danger.
Use common sense, with sun
tan lotion, and come out with
a nice even tan.
Even then. watch out for the
hot suns, and be on your
guard.
Remember. a burn is q burn,
no matter how received.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Eot Cake?

1t appears the administra-
ton objects to the increase Of
$3.50 in annuities, as proposed
by Senator johnson and Rep
resentative Broyhill, because
it would unbalance the five
year average and years Of
service. Frankly, does the five
year average salary balance
with annuities, or has 1t ever?
Government employees have
received various pay increases
and adjustments which helped
them to meet the high cost
Of living, which can hardly
be said to have been reflected
in a higher annuity. The act
Of February %, 1913 was sup
posed to liberalize the aAnu-
tiles, and did, but the en-
ploye had to contribute l per
cent more to the retirement
fund. On July /, 1912, en-
ployes contributed Ia per
cent more than previously to
the retirement fund without
any increase in annuity, ex-
cept as reflected in higher
salary averages, so that any
advantage to an employe in
increased annuity was largely
Offset by increased contribu-
tons.
Under the circumstances,
iail to see that giving retired
employees an increase would
upset the five-year average
apple cart. 1t was already lop-
sided to begin with. Perhaps,
If the administration and
Congress want to be fair
about the percentage allowed
on five-year average salary
in computing annuities, an
nuitants could have more
meat and a few other things
conducive to health and we'll
being. Or should they eat
cake? It's cheaper than meat,
although not so good for the
system, so the doctor says.
M. I. Sore. !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Grass Roots Thought

This is to drop a thought
from the grass roots among
my fellow citizens.
1t is proposed that we create
a Bureau of Freedom" in our
central government in Wash
ington as a public defender Of
our Constitution and our free
dom.
AS visualized this bureau
would be independent of the
Executive like the General Ac-
counting Office. 1t would be
headed and stated by lawyers
of character and courage and
strength and of an abiding
faith in our basic constitu-
tional concepts. 1t would func-
ton as advisor to Congress and
to the Executive on constitu-
tional questions. It would APP
pear as a friend of the Court
in Judicial and Executive pro-
ceedings where important con-
stitutional questions are pre-
scented.
True we now have the De-
partment of Justice headed by
the Attorney General but he
is not independent. He is the
legal advisor of the Executive.
He functions to find ways
and means to accomplish ex-
pansion of Executive control.
On constitutional questions he
should have an adversary, so
to speak, to take the other side.
That the great mass Of the
citizenry is becoming more and
more concerned over attacks
upon our freedom and Consti-
tuition is plain. That which we
are doing is to gradually restore
the superman theory Of gov
eminent as it existed here be-
fore l776. The people are being
sucked dry both as to power
and finances. We are bled
white by Federal taxation used
for other than normal expenses
OF government. And We are
largely deprived of self-gov-
eminent at local and State
level by direction and control
out of Washington. Represent
alive government is seriously
threatened by Executive DOM
ination and direction of our
national legislature.
We have restored the ruling
class principle by providing life
tenure for our Federal Office
holders. Great hosts of these
roam the countryside harass-
ing the people and generally
making mischief among men.
For these and other reasons
too many to here narrate we
need do something in effort to
hold the line against further
encroachment. In the light of
what happened to our 1852
Crusade for Freedom and our
promise to clean up the mess.
it would seem that too much
reliance on campaign promises
is not the answer.
Walter Johnson.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Strike Solution

Your very pertinent edi-
torial Of July %. 1T Deserves
Trial" moves me to ask a
question and suggest that
your answer be carried fur
ther.
What Is the public issue in
the transit strike? Is 1t not
this: Do two groups of citi-
zens. workers and stockhold-
ers. have a right to disrupt a
community's economy in Or
der to fight out their differ
ences?
A strike is an appeal to
force. 1t settles which side is
stronger. 1t proves nothing
about the justice OF the claims
Of either side. Why not, there
fore, regard it as an outmoded
relic Of a more barbarous era
which should be classed with
the duel and forbidden by
law? There are two reasons.
but each has its answer.
The first is the cry of slave
labor" This is an invention
popularized by John l.. Lewis
and associates. There is, Of
course, no relation between
designations and a strike.
When individuals quit their
jobs, they have no further
claim to those jobs and they
are not warranted in inter-
fering with the operations of
their former employers. A
strike, on the other hand. is a
conspiracy of many persons
who. while still claiming their
jobs, aim to prevent produc-
ton.
The other reason is valid
but easily overcome. There is,
as yet. no effective substitute
for the strike. Voluntary con-
Citation is fine when it works.
So long, however. as arbitra-
ton can end in the refusal Of
one side to accept the decision.
the public cannot fairly re-
quire the two sides to hand in
their weapons.
Let us hope some Congress-
man will soon turn from eff
forts to compromise the pri-
vate issues to an effort to
settle the public issue by in
Producing a law to establish
a court of employment rela-
tionships with jurisdiction over
the public utilities Of Wash
ington. Let us outlaw strikes
in such employment, as we
now prohibit them in the
Federal service. And let the
law be made workable by Civ
ing the Public Utility Com
mission both the opportu-
nifty and the obligation to
reconsider rates between any
award by the court and its
effective date.
The KibitZer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1955-08-02
Essential Loymen

The Atomic Energy Com
missions new headquarters are
to be designed for the protec-
ton of the Congress and the
executive branch of the Gov
eminent" This assumes that
the nucleus Of government
will remain intact and avail
able to re-establish our Gov
eminent If Washington is
bombed out. Correct? In
Washington. as elsewhere,
government is extremely i'm
portant. but not all-encom-
passing. More than govern
ment will be needed as a foun-
dation upon which to rebuild
If the need ever arises.
! would like to suggest that
thought be given to include
top men in every walk of life
prominent local doctors and
businessmen. heads Of every
industry and profession.
These outstanding leaders,
who have proved themselves.
would be chosen by a special
board appointed by the Pres
ident. The names Of those
chosen would. for obvious
reasons. be withheld from the
general public. After notifi-
cation they had been selected,
they would be briefed as to
their responsibilities in time
OF attack-just as the Con-
gress and executive branch are
briefed. In an alert, they
would proceed directly to the
new Acc headquarters. If (the
dear God forbid the city were
partially destroyed, then we
would still have specialized
leaders working in conjunc-
ton with the government to
set up food depots, medical
centerS, religious centers, and
begin the process of rebuild
ing the city and rehousing the
survivors.
Involving this Hateful group
would Immediately make them
more cognizant of their re-
sponsibility to their Nation.
their city and their fellow
man. If our city followed the
procedure suggested, it is safe
to assume that every other
key city would follow suit. BY
this means we would be pro-
tecting our most priceless as
sets Of the future--the brain
power Of America.
Martin Buxbaum.